8a8hcn9FbrE-00000-00000395-00001008 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00001-00001009-00001296 watch out for the water
8a8hcn9FbrE-00002-00001297-00002084 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00003-00002085-00003233 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00004-00003234-00004702 one jump with a water
8a8hcn9FbrE-00005-00004703-00006291 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00006-00006292-00006537 guess when you're ready yep all right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00007-00006538-00006784 I've got about two hours and 50 minutes
8a8hcn9FbrE-00008-00006784-00007054 to get off the hell off this island so
8a8hcn9FbrE-00009-00007055-00007633 let's make it fast
8a8hcn9FbrE-00010-00007634-00007852 remember don't engage unless your being
8a8hcn9FbrE-00011-00007853-00008398 engaged if Bonita will stop
8a8hcn9FbrE-00012-00008399-00008971 we wouldn't try stopping in the boats we
8a8hcn9FbrE-00013-00008972-00009106 learned that the hard way
8a8hcn9FbrE-00014-00009107-00009391 March our left to our left keep moving
8a8hcn9FbrE-00015-00009392-00009463 keep moving
8a8hcn9FbrE-00016-00009464-00009744 she's moving don't stop don't stop
8a8hcn9FbrE-00017-00009745-00011633 laughs laughs
8a8hcn9FbrE-00018-00011634-00012975 to our left in to our right to our left
8a8hcn9FbrE-00019-00012976-00013363 very front vehicles you're looking flat
8a8hcn9FbrE-00020-00013363-00013640 metal vehicle you're looking right and
8a8hcn9FbrE-00021-00013641-00013955 then I implied the rare pitbull puppy
8a8hcn9FbrE-00022-00013956-00016043 will aim the left and right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00023-00016044-00017429 just leave it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00024-00017430-00017820 [__]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00026-00021211-00023628 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00027-00023629-00023989 alright alright take a nap yeah hold
8a8hcn9FbrE-00028-00023990-00024272 fire guys let's get up let's go call in
8a8hcn9FbrE-00029-00024273-00024350 the air now
8a8hcn9FbrE-00030-00024351-00025117 I guess zero this is zero do you copy
8a8hcn9FbrE-00031-00025118-00025343 alright let's set up a perimeter around
8a8hcn9FbrE-00032-00025344-00025665 here so our air doesn't get shot down so
8a8hcn9FbrE-00033-00025666-00025990 do the main positions east south and
8a8hcn9FbrE-00034-00025991-00026056 west
8a8hcn9FbrE-00035-00026057-00026650 I'll cover the east I'll cover the north
8a8hcn9FbrE-00036-00026651-00027792 and west due east and south
8a8hcn9FbrE-00037-00027793-00028161 yes helicopters honest way
8a8hcn9FbrE-00038-00028162-00028935 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00039-00028936-00030511 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00040-00030512-00032405 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00041-00032406-00032886 watch both rolling in wet
8a8hcn9FbrE-00043-00037421-00037627 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00044-00037628-00038108 from here eagle way behind and so
8a8hcn9FbrE-00045-00038109-00038438 further instruction find a fire we need
8a8hcn9FbrE-00046-00038439-00038521 both bikes
8a8hcn9FbrE-00047-00038522-00039047 all right I'm head do you have an off
8a8hcn9FbrE-00048-00039048-00039443 the jump that bought my swords yeah
8a8hcn9FbrE-00049-00039444-00039626 there's an instruction on one of the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00050-00039627-00040256 vehicles but a shop right around for now
8a8hcn9FbrE-00051-00040257-00040718 it's clear southeast southeast so let me
8a8hcn9FbrE-00052-00040719-00040874 show every can go no ice
8a8hcn9FbrE-00053-00040875-00041192 yeah this is good say stop your sup here
8a8hcn9FbrE-00054-00041193-00041396 will hover here for now let's stay low
8a8hcn9FbrE-00055-00041397-00042125 the low as possible no ice and South
8a8hcn9FbrE-00056-00042126-00042899 peace you don't know I think yes clear
8a8hcn9FbrE-00057-00042900-00043292 we'll go over some where the vehicles
8a8hcn9FbrE-00058-00043293-00043682 another shoot I don't think can drop it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00059-00043683-00043820 on spire sure that we have to land on
8a8hcn9FbrE-00060-00043821-00044741 all of them let me see did you have I
8a8hcn9FbrE-00061-00044742-00045173 have to use a stat erupted correct
8a8hcn9FbrE-00062-00045174-00045344 interact with the vehicle
8a8hcn9FbrE-00063-00045345-00045709 and you should have eight dropped option
8a8hcn9FbrE-00064-00045710-00046366 I got obstinately move up and set up a
8a8hcn9FbrE-00065-00046367-00046791 perimeter again I got white smoke to her
8a8hcn9FbrE-00066-00046792-00047185 I don't know how to do this bearing 75
8a8hcn9FbrE-00067-00047186-00048106 bearing 76 75 76 make sure you guys are
8a8hcn9FbrE-00068-00048107-00048226 watching the same direction
8a8hcn9FbrE-00069-00048227-00048535 I got northeast covered what watch open
8a8hcn9FbrE-00070-00048536-00048850 it already right - right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00071-00048851-00049749 southeast go up go up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00072-00049750-00050302 chef's covering northeast sorry can't
8a8hcn9FbrE-00073-00050303-00050529 reach my compass
8a8hcn9FbrE-00074-00050530-00050926 who's doing the unloading all right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00075-00050927-00051142 goose pull back go help unload with the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00076-00051143-00051928 vehicles are you got it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00077-00051929-00052339 that looks like piles doing it alright
8a8hcn9FbrE-00078-00052340-00052657 everyone slowly pull back correction
8a8hcn9FbrE-00079-00052658-00053241 goose bikes and come up to our position
8a8hcn9FbrE-00080-00053242-00053623 we're taking up Oh crunch Roger that
8a8hcn9FbrE-00081-00053624-00054105 eagle Thank You Roger you are to be our
8a8hcn9FbrE-00082-00054107-00054334 and I'm watching North eat Roger that
8a8hcn9FbrE-00083-00054335-00054757 head north now all right taro yep split
8a8hcn9FbrE-00084-00054758-00055159 back all quadbikes up to us Roger squad
8a8hcn9FbrE-00085-00055160-00055345 lady go one yield would you all require
8a8hcn9FbrE-00086-00055346-00055615 two more bikes you guys are all spread
8a8hcn9FbrE-00087-00055616-00055825 out last time Eagle where you know we
8a8hcn9FbrE-00088-00055826-00056304 need more area one of the quads up in
8a8hcn9FbrE-00089-00056305-00056452 the tree line so it didn't become a
8a8hcn9FbrE-00090-00056453-00056494 target
8a8hcn9FbrE-00091-00056495-00056904 Eagle 1 be careful of the river and 4 4
8a8hcn9FbrE-00092-00056905-00057088 4 right turn right too much let's watch
8a8hcn9FbrE-00093-00057089-00057441 left turn right turn right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00094-00057442-00057775 thank you John what are you directed me
8a8hcn9FbrE-00095-00057776-00058428 to along the river by this talking week
8a8hcn9FbrE-00096-00058429-00058827 planner to see because I'm gonna Jeff
8a8hcn9FbrE-00097-00058828-00059366 hey everyone move up to rollaz position
8a8hcn9FbrE-00098-00059366-00060540 what do you think John
8a8hcn9FbrE-00099-00060541-00061072 from where left side right field on West
8a8hcn9FbrE-00100-00061073-00063709 everybody 360 no no time
8a8hcn9FbrE-00101-00063710-00064034 all right waffling group and Goose move
8a8hcn9FbrE-00102-00064035-00064138 to your right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00103-00064139-00064931 come behind us John they're taking the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00104-00064932-00065121 left cata half of it had a road check
8a8hcn9FbrE-00105-00065122-00065339 out yeah I see you I see one of us right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00106-00065340-00065653 in front of us is troops grenade out
8a8hcn9FbrE-00107-00065654-00065792 anything
8a8hcn9FbrE-00108-00065793-00066023 I see nothing there's so many cheering
8a8hcn9FbrE-00109-00066024-00066446 it out in the left side you see the fork
8a8hcn9FbrE-00110-00066447-00066584 in the road to going without everybody
8a8hcn9FbrE-00111-00066585-00066761 looking better I see like into myself
8a8hcn9FbrE-00112-00066762-00067232 therefore 64 astone contact all right
8a8hcn9FbrE-00113-00067233-00067589 enemies down Roger that hurry let's keep
8a8hcn9FbrE-00114-00067590-00068369 moving up scope
8a8hcn9FbrE-00115-00068370-00068671 all right heading me down everybody up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00116-00068672-00068767 everybody good
8a8hcn9FbrE-00117-00068768-00069171 yeah all right let's keep moving
8a8hcn9FbrE-00118-00069172-00069504 any targets but beware targets ahead
8a8hcn9FbrE-00119-00069505-00070155 Northwest wait I see
8a8hcn9FbrE-00120-00070156-00070419 bearing three turn on anyone you got
8a8hcn9FbrE-00121-00070420-00070606 enemy car it's in the town watch out
8a8hcn9FbrE-00122-00070607-00071896 beware copy give them a bearing bearing
8a8hcn9FbrE-00123-00071897-00072579 John one second they are to your
8a8hcn9FbrE-00124-00072580-00072910 Northwest around 320 to 300 what you are
8a8hcn9FbrE-00125-00072911-00073378 happy zero we got contact you what you
8a8hcn9FbrE-00126-00073379-00073792 said about very clear 20 rajala I'm
8a8hcn9FbrE-00127-00073793-00074191 engaging all right guys start slowly
8a8hcn9FbrE-00128-00074192-00074966 moving up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00129-00074967-00075278 I cut through the town cut through the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00130-00075279-00075656 town or is on the left side of the road
8a8hcn9FbrE-00131-00075657-00075929 cut to the right while the people on the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00132-00075930-00076097 right side covered people cutting from
8a8hcn9FbrE-00133-00076098-00077727 the left
8a8hcn9FbrE-00134-00077728-00078052 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00135-00078053-00079689 contact hearing
8a8hcn9FbrE-00137-00082989-00083505 thank you one he's on the other side
8a8hcn9FbrE-00138-00083506-00084249 that hello 200 centimetres for swapping
8a8hcn9FbrE-00139-00084250-00084609 Frank let us take over all right back up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00140-00084610-00084792 banish yourself you're all get you
8a8hcn9FbrE-00141-00084793-00084829 covered
8a8hcn9FbrE-00142-00084830-00087400 [Applause]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00143-00087401-00088219 zero no no on tax into town team leader
8a8hcn9FbrE-00144-00088220-00088676 Singh and robber guys cover to your town
8a8hcn9FbrE-00145-00088677-00088929 northwestern northeast into town there
8a8hcn9FbrE-00146-00088930-00089250 is context in the town garage of that is
8a8hcn9FbrE-00147-00089251-00089544 there anyone in our location
8a8hcn9FbrE-00148-00089545-00089807 [Applause]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00149-00089808-00091428 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00150-00091429-00093678 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00151-00093679-00095075 Stables
8a8hcn9FbrE-00152-00095076-00095805 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00153-00095806-00096156 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00154-00096157-00096729 doing CPR in Rolla
8a8hcn9FbrE-00155-00096730-00099386 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00156-00099387-00099695 Barry pirates are opening up here get on
8a8hcn9FbrE-00160-00110455-00110719 all right during the time one will come
8a8hcn9FbrE-00161-00110720-00111383 off two people go on I got northeast I
8a8hcn9FbrE-00162-00111384-00112733 got our southeast have had northwest
8a8hcn9FbrE-00163-00112734-00112986 just came out of one of the huts and
8a8hcn9FbrE-00164-00112988-00113408 zero up guys
8a8hcn9FbrE-00165-00113409-00115047 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00166-00115048-00115875 very waffle to yourself now southeast
8a8hcn9FbrE-00167-00115876-00116361 southeast
8a8hcn9FbrE-00168-00116363-00116776 all right come on guys you gotta move
8a8hcn9FbrE-00169-00116777-00117229 take from my back
8a8hcn9FbrE-00170-00117230-00117441 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00171-00117442-00117667 all right moving in on him through the
8a8hcn9FbrE-00172-00117668-00119653 honey keep an eye on it 300 hold fire
8a8hcn9FbrE-00173-00119654-00119733 hold fire
8a8hcn9FbrE-00174-00119734-00119923 Oh bah guys I'm taking fire on my
8a8hcn9FbrE-00175-00119924-00120130 position right now cease fire resources
8a8hcn9FbrE-00176-00120131-00120994 are in contact who against someone
8a8hcn9FbrE-00177-00120995-00121180 coming at us from the south
8a8hcn9FbrE-00178-00121181-00121513 bearing I like 192 coming from worse
8a8hcn9FbrE-00179-00121514-00122503 of course I'm head I'm managing same
8a8hcn9FbrE-00180-00122504-00123216 here curses bandaging don't bandage
8a8hcn9FbrE-00181-00123217-00124003 fight two down take it step a fire there
8a8hcn9FbrE-00182-00124004-00124769 behind drive from the north
8a8hcn9FbrE-00183-00124770-00125070 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00184-00125071-00125368 I'm not a bandages hey can someone cover
8a8hcn9FbrE-00185-00125369-00125555 me to go grab ammunition from these case
8a8hcn9FbrE-00186-00125556-00126350 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00187-00126351-00126714 all right I'll meet you down let's do a
8a8hcn9FbrE-00188-00126715-00126808 check
8a8hcn9FbrE-00189-00126808-00127144 we've got people down I'm good I'm just
8a8hcn9FbrE-00190-00127145-00127350 an economy's are down we are taking fire
8a8hcn9FbrE-00191-00127351-00127449 from the southeast
8a8hcn9FbrE-00192-00127450-00128550 so no ice on South East [__]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00193-00128551-00128763 there's still time cooking over fire I'm
8a8hcn9FbrE-00194-00128764-00128934 taking heavy fire and I keep passing on
8a8hcn9FbrE-00195-00128935-00129933 any bandages from southeast APC comes
8a8hcn9FbrE-00196-00129934-00130179 from my skis good get a grenade launcher
8a8hcn9FbrE-00197-00130180-00130386 up anybody got a grenade launcher I get
8a8hcn9FbrE-00198-00130387-00130728 it up I got one APC underdog southeast
8a8hcn9FbrE-00199-00130729-00130914 try narvik-a if we take that thing out
8a8hcn9FbrE-00200-00130915-00131169 of Philly infantry going up and down
8a8hcn9FbrE-00201-00131170-00132426 fast be quick hey PCs coming in is it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00202-00132427-00132534 he's here he's here
8a8hcn9FbrE-00203-00132535-00132747 I still need a bandage on my tour she
8a8hcn9FbrE-00204-00132748-00132924 drove past he drove past don't check
8a8hcn9FbrE-00205-00132925-00133407 that shot for us do not I just right now
8a8hcn9FbrE-00206-00133408-00133851 I'm bleeding that much she drove by
8a8hcn9FbrE-00207-00133852-00134754 we're good oh I have no managers no
8a8hcn9FbrE-00208-00134755-00135043 nothing take lay down lay down lay down
8a8hcn9FbrE-00209-00135044-00135382 awful hey you see from girl babies you
8a8hcn9FbrE-00210-00135383-00135769 somebody's dead guys all right stand by
8a8hcn9FbrE-00211-00135770-00136473 step by one end time
8a8hcn9FbrE-00212-00136474-00136760 can you use morphine
8a8hcn9FbrE-00213-00136761-00137140 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00214-00137141-00137362 what do you need no I'm out of
8a8hcn9FbrE-00215-00137363-00137728 everything I love everything just water
8a8hcn9FbrE-00216-00137729-00138193 give me a second all good I've got some
8a8hcn9FbrE-00217-00138194-00139822 stuff left race you down I'll do more
8a8hcn9FbrE-00218-00139823-00140650 things I don't have any morphine gunshot
8a8hcn9FbrE-00219-00140651-00141857 gunshot cut oh [__] gunshots ow
8a8hcn9FbrE-00220-00141858-00142122 and in abetik
8a8hcn9FbrE-00221-00142123-00142593 reloading your obtuse coming back Konitz
8a8hcn9FbrE-00222-00142594-00143465 medic throw another road
8a8hcn9FbrE-00223-00143466-00143709 the Terran in synthetic I'll try to
8a8hcn9FbrE-00224-00143710-00144148 patch yourself up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00225-00144149-00144835 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00226-00144836-00145175 what's going back going back for Dallas
8a8hcn9FbrE-00227-00145176-00145472 I'll come with you yeah I was gonna go
8a8hcn9FbrE-00228-00145473-00147829 back for sniper rolling good
8a8hcn9FbrE-00229-00147830-00148055 there I see hunger check see if you're
8a8hcn9FbrE-00230-00148056-00148141 ok now
8a8hcn9FbrE-00231-00148142-00148526 copy you provide specify I'm gonna grab
8a8hcn9FbrE-00232-00148527-00149308 taro taro is dead
8a8hcn9FbrE-00233-00149309-00149633 got that therapist to now he's just 290
8a8hcn9FbrE-00234-00149634-00150137 given 500 to Rolla
8a8hcn9FbrE-00235-00150138-00150777 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00236-00150778-00151129 there are you up I'm up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00237-00151130-00151347 Briella tell me what else you need sew
8a8hcn9FbrE-00238-00151348-00151506 it on to keep diagnosing right again
8a8hcn9FbrE-00239-00151507-00152959 dumb it again
8a8hcn9FbrE-00240-00152960-00153382 we're fit down
8a8hcn9FbrE-00241-00153383-00154066 I've seen that sniper go down [__] still
8a8hcn9FbrE-00242-00154067-00154298 firing at me that's another one
8a8hcn9FbrE-00243-00154299-00154851 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00244-00154852-00155743 [Applause]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00245-00155744-00155971 no Rolla don't move don't burn Oh what
8a8hcn9FbrE-00247-00159174-00159581 to book let's go all right Charlie we
8a8hcn9FbrE-00248-00159582-00159731 got to move where we're shooting let's
8a8hcn9FbrE-00249-00159732-00160418 go that's the opposite direction we need
8a8hcn9FbrE-00250-00160419-00161039 to be going roll the wrong way we just
8a8hcn9FbrE-00251-00161040-00161234 don't follow the road and start running
8a8hcn9FbrE-00252-00161235-00161960 we got our team and they've slowed out
8a8hcn9FbrE-00253-00161961-00162215 it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00254-00162216-00163381 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00255-00163382-00164087 right goose hold up here
8a8hcn9FbrE-00256-00164088-00164276 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00257-00164277-00165033 well let's run to zero
8a8hcn9FbrE-00258-00165034-00165321 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00259-00165322-00165580 but you guys catch up to us then we're
8a8hcn9FbrE-00260-00165581-00165847 gonna just hook it up with cross along
8a8hcn9FbrE-00261-00165848-00167574 the road gonna buy it you guys
8a8hcn9FbrE-00262-00167575-00167909 after the jungle will save us some time
8a8hcn9FbrE-00263-00167910-00169210 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00264-00169211-00169605 and their little body of an American
8a8hcn9FbrE-00265-00169606-00170309 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00266-00170310-00172494 I say we book it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00267-00172495-00175463 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00268-00175464-00175597 down
8a8hcn9FbrE-00270-00178624-00179545 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00272-00183508-00184200 what's our time minutes one second
8a8hcn9FbrE-00273-00184201-00185156 18 minutes and 20 seconds
8a8hcn9FbrE-00274-00185157-00185785 all right everybody slow down zero is
8a8hcn9FbrE-00275-00185786-00185834 dumb
8a8hcn9FbrE-00276-00185835-00186107 I repeat zero is down throw this down
8a8hcn9FbrE-00277-00186108-00187147 roll us down completely surrounded need
8a8hcn9FbrE-00278-00187148-00187561 to bandage myself stand by
8a8hcn9FbrE-00279-00187562-00187959 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00280-00187960-00188326 Jesus watching South what's everybody
8a8hcn9FbrE-00281-00188327-00188956 else watching have contacts so coming up
8a8hcn9FbrE-00282-00188957-00189559 behind us
8a8hcn9FbrE-00283-00189560-00190382 god damn it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00284-00190383-00191574 first out
8a8hcn9FbrE-00285-00191575-00192020 picked you up clips I am
8a8hcn9FbrE-00286-00192021-00192327 yes everyone here is dumber PETA need
8a8hcn9FbrE-00287-00192328-00192950 somebody to come back on a speed:0mph
8a8hcn9FbrE-00288-00192951-00193735 about and of ours
8a8hcn9FbrE-00289-00193736-00193976 Lauren some headgear weight output zero
8a8hcn9FbrE-00291-00201186-00202697 I get it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00292-00202698-00203398 I get him look
8a8hcn9FbrE-00293-00203399-00204525 and so get it
8a8hcn9FbrE-00294-00204526-00204711 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00295-00204712-00205387 last minute
8a8hcn9FbrE-00296-00205388-00205776 [Music]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00297-00205777-00206554 it's time rat
8a8hcn9FbrE-00298-00206555-00206977 they would just manage
8a8hcn9FbrE-00300-00212860-00213241 nobody talk everybody hold your voices
8a8hcn9FbrE-00301-00213242-00214223 please
8a8hcn9FbrE-00302-00214223-00214573 [Applause]
8a8hcn9FbrE-00303-00214575-00214998 [Music]
8arnWPZNBMY-00000-00000161-00000786 for this meeting has begun hello
8arnWPZNBMY-00001-00000787-00001074 everyone on behalf of feed the future
8arnWPZNBMY-00002-00001075-00001315 and the USA Bureau for resilience and
8arnWPZNBMY-00003-00001316-00001470 food security I welcome you to our
8arnWPZNBMY-00004-00001471-00001720 webinar supporting the management of
8arnWPZNBMY-00005-00001721-00001966 fall army worm in Africa and Asia best
8arnWPZNBMY-00006-00001967-00002242 practices and lessons learned my name is
8arnWPZNBMY-00007-00002243-00002371 Zachary Bock a knowledge management
8arnWPZNBMY-00008-00002372-00002559 advisor with the bureau for resilience
8arnWPZNBMY-00009-00002560-00002760 and food security and today's webinar
8arnWPZNBMY-00010-00002761-00003051 host I will facilitate today's webinar
8arnWPZNBMY-00011-00003052-00003258 so you'll hear my voice periodically see
8arnWPZNBMY-00012-00003259-00003540 my video occasionally especially during
8arnWPZNBMY-00013-00003542-00003796 our question-and-answer session before
8arnWPZNBMY-00014-00003797-00004000 we dive into the content I'd like to go
8arnWPZNBMY-00015-00004001-00004228 over a few items to orient you to the
8arnWPZNBMY-00016-00004229-00004540 webinar first please do use the chat box
8arnWPZNBMY-00017-00004541-00004771 to introduce yourself ask questions and
8arnWPZNBMY-00018-00004772-00005014 share resources we really appreciate it
8arnWPZNBMY-00019-00005015-00005221 so this helps to facilitate peer-to-peer
8arnWPZNBMY-00020-00005222-00005485 learning and you know helps us to learn
8arnWPZNBMY-00021-00005486-00005869 even more than as we go along we'll be
8arnWPZNBMY-00022-00005870-00006028 collecting your questions throughout the
8arnWPZNBMY-00023-00006029-00006313 webinar and we'll have a Q&A session at
8arnWPZNBMY-00024-00006314-00006510 the end and try to address as many as
8arnWPZNBMY-00025-00006511-00006770 possible
8arnWPZNBMY-00026-00006772-00007075 we'll also be providing the slides and
8arnWPZNBMY-00027-00007076-00007356 make those available for download and we
8arnWPZNBMY-00028-00007358-00007609 will also be at the end of this webinar
8arnWPZNBMY-00029-00007609-00007888 having the recording and other resources
8arnWPZNBMY-00030-00007889-00008119 available to you to be that will be
8arnWPZNBMY-00031-00008120-00008332 mailed to you have you registered once
8arnWPZNBMY-00032-00008333-00008557 you've read as for those who have
8arnWPZNBMY-00033-00008558-00008833 registered for the event they will also
8arnWPZNBMY-00034-00008834-00009025 be available up on Agri links on the
8arnWPZNBMY-00035-00009026-00009400 event page as I noted lastly we are
8arnWPZNBMY-00036-00009401-00009757 recording the webinar and we'll post
8arnWPZNBMY-00037-00009758-00010033 those resources okay so onward to our
8arnWPZNBMY-00038-00010034-00010197 presentations and discussion on
8arnWPZNBMY-00039-00010198-00010471 supporting the management of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-00040-00010472-00010675 worm in Africa and Asia best practices
8arnWPZNBMY-00041-00010676-00010896 and lessons learned with that let me
8arnWPZNBMY-00042-00010897-00011188 welcome Rob Bertram chief scientists and
8arnWPZNBMY-00043-00011189-00011364 USA's Bureau for resilience and food
8arnWPZNBMY-00044-00011365-00011659 security he serves as a key adviser on a
8arnWPZNBMY-00045-00011660-00011893 range of technical and program issues to
8arnWPZNBMY-00046-00011894-00012039 advance global food security and
8arnWPZNBMY-00047-00012040-00012307 nutrition in this role he leads us aids
8arnWPZNBMY-00048-00012308-00012466 evidence-based efforts to advance
8arnWPZNBMY-00049-00012467-00012716 research technology and implementation
8arnWPZNBMY-00050-00012717-00013012 in support of the US government's global
8arnWPZNBMY-00051-00013013-00013230 hunger & Food Security Initiative Feed
8arnWPZNBMY-00052-00013231-00013459 the Future he previously served as
8arnWPZNBMY-00053-00013460-00013540 director of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00054-00013541-00013711 office of agriculture research and
8arnWPZNBMY-00055-00013712-00014005 policy in the beautiful true security
8arnWPZNBMY-00056-00014006-00014230 prior to that he guided us aid
8arnWPZNBMY-00057-00014231-00014413 investments in agriculture and natural
8arnWPZNBMY-00058-00014413-00014746 resources research for many years dr.
8arnWPZNBMY-00059-00014747-00015043 Bertram academic background in plant
8arnWPZNBMY-00060-00015044-00015226 breeding and genetics includes degrees
8arnWPZNBMY-00061-00015227-00015405 from University of California Davis
8arnWPZNBMY-00062-00015406-00015604 University of Minnesota and the
8arnWPZNBMY-00063-00015605-00015841 University of Maryland dr. Bertram will
8arnWPZNBMY-00064-00015841-00016090 introduce the session and the speakers I
8arnWPZNBMY-00065-00016091-00016316 hand it over to you rob
8arnWPZNBMY-00066-00016318-00016603 thanks a curry and greetings everyone
8arnWPZNBMY-00067-00016604-00016831 I'm hoping we have a global audience
8arnWPZNBMY-00068-00016832-00017032 here so I won't say good morning because
8arnWPZNBMY-00069-00017033-00017449 I could be any time of day thanks to all
8arnWPZNBMY-00070-00017450-00017914 the organizers and our that the kdl T
8arnWPZNBMY-00071-00017915-00018208 for helping us convene this Agri linked
8arnWPZNBMY-00072-00018209-00018595 session this is a bit of a continuing
8arnWPZNBMY-00073-00018596-00018880 saga this is the most recent chapter of
8arnWPZNBMY-00074-00018881-00019147 something that happened started about
8arnWPZNBMY-00075-00019148-00019480 four years ago when a full armyworm
8arnWPZNBMY-00076-00019481-00019831 which is native to the Americas somehow
8arnWPZNBMY-00077-00019832-00019954 got to Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00078-00019955-00020254 and since then it has spread across the
8arnWPZNBMY-00079-00020255-00020514 world even having reached Australia
8arnWPZNBMY-00080-00020515-00020773 there are very few places now where this
8arnWPZNBMY-00081-00020774-00021187 pest is not found and the response to
8arnWPZNBMY-00082-00021188-00021643 this has been a range of efforts but
8arnWPZNBMY-00083-00021644-00022080 especially a partnership that USAID
8arnWPZNBMY-00084-00022081-00022408 began alongside our colleagues at USDA
8arnWPZNBMY-00085-00022409-00022816 State Department and others to take the
8arnWPZNBMY-00086-00022817-00023011 learning essentially that we had from
8arnWPZNBMY-00087-00023012-00023365 the Americas and rapidly engage with
8arnWPZNBMY-00088-00023366-00023544 partners across the world in the
8arnWPZNBMY-00089-00023545-00023752 Americas where the pest was well known
8arnWPZNBMY-00090-00023753-00024172 but also in Africa and Asia where it was
8arnWPZNBMY-00091-00024173-00024769 causing huge losses in 2018 for example
8arnWPZNBMY-00092-00024770-00024972 there were estimates that up to 17
8arnWPZNBMY-00093-00024973-00025306 million tons of maize could be lost due
8arnWPZNBMY-00094-00025307-00025528 to the fall army worm which is enough
8arnWPZNBMY-00095-00025529-00025786 maize to feed or help feed tens of
8arnWPZNBMY-00096-00025787-00026050 millions of people and of course the the
8arnWPZNBMY-00097-00026051-00026251 terrible thing about this test is that
8arnWPZNBMY-00098-00026252-00026532 it like like locusts it hits
8arnWPZNBMY-00099-00026533-00026908 smallholders very hard less resource and
8arnWPZNBMY-00100-00026908-00026932 down
8arnWPZNBMY-00101-00026933-00027312 farmers wear maize is a critical aspect
8arnWPZNBMY-00102-00027313-00027558 of food security it's impacts as we know
8arnWPZNBMY-00103-00027559-00027867 are not limited to maize it is will
8arnWPZNBMY-00104-00027868-00028083 attack a number of different crop
8arnWPZNBMY-00105-00028084-00028368 species but mazes its favorite along
8arnWPZNBMY-00106-00028369-00028780 with sorghum for example but unlike the
8arnWPZNBMY-00107-00028781-00028995 locust situation which of course we're
8arnWPZNBMY-00108-00028996-00029193 also dealing with right now in the world
8arnWPZNBMY-00109-00029194-00029398 this is a threat that's much more
8arnWPZNBMY-00110-00029399-00029761 diffuse it doesn't lend itself to a big
8arnWPZNBMY-00111-00029762-00030007 centralized approach and hence the
8arnWPZNBMY-00112-00030008-00030232 knowledge piece and the local
8arnWPZNBMY-00113-00030233-00030668 understanding of how to how to manage
8arnWPZNBMY-00114-00030669-00031077 track and and respond to this pest is is
8arnWPZNBMY-00115-00031078-00031258 really where the action is
8arnWPZNBMY-00116-00031258-00031702 so this partnership that began several
8arnWPZNBMY-00117-00031702-00031930 years ago has involve partners from
8arnWPZNBMY-00118-00031931-00032095 around the world we're going to have the
8arnWPZNBMY-00119-00032095-00032280 pleasure of hearing from some of the key
8arnWPZNBMY-00120-00032281-00032586 players in this space who have worked so
8arnWPZNBMY-00121-00032587-00033012 hard and so quickly to to stand up a
8arnWPZNBMY-00122-00033013-00033408 share learning and put in place
8arnWPZNBMY-00123-00033409-00033714 evidence-based approaches for managing
8arnWPZNBMY-00124-00033715-00033958 this pest through a number of strategic
8arnWPZNBMY-00125-00033959-00034174 entry points the other thing I want to
8arnWPZNBMY-00126-00034175-00034429 just say in opening is that it's great
8arnWPZNBMY-00127-00034430-00034645 to see our friends at the Food and
8arnWPZNBMY-00128-00034646-00034845 Agricultural organization of the United
8arnWPZNBMY-00129-00034846-00035199 Nation stand up very recently what's
8arnWPZNBMY-00130-00035200-00035465 called a global action on fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00131-00035466-00035842 and again this is about trying to move
8arnWPZNBMY-00132-00035843-00036189 beyond a set of working groups technical
8arnWPZNBMY-00133-00036190-00036468 working groups that FAO set up some
8arnWPZNBMY-00134-00036469-00036771 years ago and move it towards something
8arnWPZNBMY-00135-00036772-00037051 that is more unified more strategic and
8arnWPZNBMY-00136-00037052-00037524 more likely to disobey aggregate
8arnWPZNBMY-00137-00037525-00037920 disseminate and and engender broad
8arnWPZNBMY-00138-00037921-00038157 response across the whole sets of
8arnWPZNBMY-00139-00038158-00038346 regions that are being impacted by this
8arnWPZNBMY-00140-00038347-00038635 pest so I'm delighted that that that has
8arnWPZNBMY-00141-00038636-00038860 come up and I think the basis for a lot
8arnWPZNBMY-00142-00038861-00039015 of that work is coming out of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00143-00039016-00039223 partnerships that came out of the fall
8arnWPZNBMY-00144-00039224-00039514 army worm task force set up several
8arnWPZNBMY-00145-00039515-00039826 years ago by our IR then administrator
8arnWPZNBMY-00146-00039827-00040089 mark green so without any further ado
8arnWPZNBMY-00147-00040090-00040246 I'd like to
8arnWPZNBMY-00148-00040247-00040612 turning out to our our speaker and our
8arnWPZNBMY-00149-00040613-00041146 first speaker today is Joe Houston Joe
8arnWPZNBMY-00150-00041147-00041503 is an entomologist by training he worked
8arnWPZNBMY-00151-00041504-00041932 for years with here in USAID and he's
8arnWPZNBMY-00152-00041933-00042168 continuing as a strategic adviser
8arnWPZNBMY-00153-00042169-00042706 including to the fall army worm the r4d
8arnWPZNBMY-00154-00042707-00042877 research for development which we're
8arnWPZNBMY-00155-00042878-00043024 going to be hearing more about that was
8arnWPZNBMY-00156-00043025-00043306 another partnership set up in a couple
8arnWPZNBMY-00157-00043307-00043567 of years ago to globally linked together
8arnWPZNBMY-00158-00043568-00043768 the research partners and provide the
8arnWPZNBMY-00159-00043769-00043954 evidence base and Joe has been a very
8arnWPZNBMY-00160-00043955-00044263 active partner throughout so thanks Joe
8arnWPZNBMY-00161-00044264-00045864 for all you contributed and over to you
8arnWPZNBMY-00162-00045865-00046421 yeah saying hello can you hear me okay
8arnWPZNBMY-00163-00046422-00046977 yes okay very good thank you okay what
8arnWPZNBMY-00164-00046978-00047226 I'm going to do is just briefly recap
8arnWPZNBMY-00165-00047227-00047462 some of the lessons learned from the
8arnWPZNBMY-00166-00047463-00047781 fall army worm campaign to help set the
8arnWPZNBMY-00167-00047782-00048102 stage for the subsequent speakers so
8arnWPZNBMY-00168-00048103-00048474 that we all have a common framework the
8arnWPZNBMY-00169-00048475-00048806 fall army worm was first published on in
8arnWPZNBMY-00170-00048807-00049293 2016 from researchers from IIT a in West
8arnWPZNBMY-00171-00049294-00049575 Africa although it's likely the best was
8arnWPZNBMY-00172-00049576-00049842 on the content at some time earlier a
8arnWPZNBMY-00173-00049843-00050082 number of farmers we speak to across a
8arnWPZNBMY-00174-00050083-00050484 continent suggest 2014 or or perhaps
8arnWPZNBMY-00175-00050485-00050805 even earlier importantly work from the
8arnWPZNBMY-00176-00050806-00051105 USDA and this is primarily woven ago she
8arnWPZNBMY-00177-00051106-00051692 and Wawa suggest that the bio type of
8arnWPZNBMY-00178-00051694-00051890 the fall army worm that was introduced
8arnWPZNBMY-00179-00051891-00052185 into Africa comes from the South Florida
8arnWPZNBMY-00180-00052186-00052524 Caribbean region we don't know precisely
8arnWPZNBMY-00181-00052525-00052835 when where or how many times an
8arnWPZNBMY-00182-00052836-00053073 introduction occurred into Africa but
8arnWPZNBMY-00183-00053074-00053266 this piece of information is crucial
8arnWPZNBMY-00184-00053267-00053586 because it suggests that there was an
8arnWPZNBMY-00185-00053587-00053867 extreme genetic bottleneck that occurred
8arnWPZNBMY-00186-00053869-00054048 when a small number of these laws were
8arnWPZNBMY-00187-00054049-00054339 were entered into the confident that's
8arnWPZNBMY-00188-00054340-00054741 important because currently we don't
8arnWPZNBMY-00189-00054741-00054954 have any evidence that any of the BT
8arnWPZNBMY-00190-00054954-00055179 resistance alleles transfer with that
8arnWPZNBMY-00191-00055179-00055494 population but we also don't have any
8arnWPZNBMY-00192-00055495-00055716 data to firmly confirm that so that's an
8arnWPZNBMY-00193-00055716-00055971 ongoing piece of work and then secondly
8arnWPZNBMY-00194-00055972-00056232 we don't know the status of any of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00195-00056233-00056504 pesticide resistance alleles that the
8arnWPZNBMY-00196-00056505-00056801 population may be carrying currently
8arnWPZNBMY-00197-00056802-00057036 it's believed that the populations that
8arnWPZNBMY-00198-00057037-00057324 are spreading across Asia were derived
8arnWPZNBMY-00199-00057325-00057672 from this single founder population in
8arnWPZNBMY-00200-00057673-00057757 Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00201-00057758-00058104 finally it does appear that it is
8arnWPZNBMY-00202-00058104-00058500 primarily the maize strain perhaps with
8arnWPZNBMY-00203-00058501-00058959 some hybridization before entry that was
8arnWPZNBMY-00204-00058960-00059255 was there arrived in Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00205-00059257-00059508 which explains why the predominant
8arnWPZNBMY-00206-00059509-00059736 species of plants that are attack our
8arnWPZNBMY-00207-00059737-00060282 maize and sorghum as many of you know
8arnWPZNBMY-00208-00060283-00060597 the fall army worm does not have the
8arnWPZNBMY-00209-00060598-00060900 capacity to diet pause but is endemic in
8arnWPZNBMY-00210-00060901-00061164 much of the tropical Americas
8arnWPZNBMY-00211-00061165-00061398 now this isn't essentially from southern
8arnWPZNBMY-00212-00061399-00061719 Brazil to South Florida that same
8arnWPZNBMY-00213-00061720-00062109 situation will occur across much of Asia
8arnWPZNBMY-00214-00062110-00062342 and that's what we're seeing now where
8arnWPZNBMY-00215-00062344-00062571 the challenge will be to control this
8arnWPZNBMY-00216-00062572-00062729 pass in an area where there are multiple
8arnWPZNBMY-00217-00062729-00063594 overlapping generations of the past what
8arnWPZNBMY-00218-00063595-00063766 can we expect
8arnWPZNBMY-00219-00063767-00064067 getting good assessment data on impacts
8arnWPZNBMY-00220-00064069-00064416 of insects in maize are difficult in
8arnWPZNBMY-00221-00064416-00064785 general low resource farmers don't weigh
8arnWPZNBMY-00222-00064786-00065084 their Navy O's at the end of the season
8arnWPZNBMY-00223-00065085-00065472 and at best some may take a volumetric
8arnWPZNBMY-00224-00065473-00065844 measure of yield so in the Americas
8arnWPZNBMY-00225-00065845-00066075 farmers generally know the impacts of a
8arnWPZNBMY-00226-00066076-00066537 pass on their crop because the material
8arnWPZNBMY-00227-00066538-00066807 is weighed at harvest farmers keep
8arnWPZNBMY-00228-00066808-00067095 records and they can roughly assign
8arnWPZNBMY-00229-00067096-00067326 cause and effect the yield losses from
8arnWPZNBMY-00230-00067327-00067581 year to year we don't have those kinds
8arnWPZNBMY-00231-00067582-00067821 of data in much of the developing world
8arnWPZNBMY-00232-00067822-00068166 and so the assessments for losses due to
8arnWPZNBMY-00233-00068167-00068289 the fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00234-00068290-00068745 I Drive mainly from farmer surveys but
8arnWPZNBMY-00235-00068746-00069069 you can see how complex this equation is
8arnWPZNBMY-00236-00069070-00069513 because the damage loss is a function of
8arnWPZNBMY-00237-00069514-00069714 the maize variety and Prasanna is going
8arnWPZNBMY-00238-00069715-00069885 to talk to you a lot about differences
8arnWPZNBMY-00239-00069886-00070128 in response of different major writings
8arnWPZNBMY-00240-00070129-00070416 the agronomic practices that farmers use
8arnWPZNBMY-00241-00070417-00070629 whether they fertilizer at your soil pH
8arnWPZNBMY-00242-00070630-00070893 and the stage of the maize this attacks
8arnWPZNBMY-00243-00070894-00071073 the different stages amazing more
8arnWPZNBMY-00244-00071074-00071337 susceptible to fall are may want to
8arnWPZNBMY-00245-00071338-00071535 attack the intensity is important
8arnWPZNBMY-00246-00071536-00071817 whether the percentage is high or low
8arnWPZNBMY-00247-00071818-00072039 with Benefield is an important
8arnWPZNBMY-00248-00072040-00072339 characteristic to assess damage and then
8arnWPZNBMY-00249-00072340-00072567 the number of generations of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-00250-00072568-00072622 warm it
8arnWPZNBMY-00251-00072623-00072970 possible and 120 de maiz for example to
8arnWPZNBMY-00252-00072971-00073165 have three or four generations attack
8arnWPZNBMY-00253-00073166-00073456 that means what we can say our
8arnWPZNBMY-00254-00073457-00073606 researchers like the grieving co-workers
8arnWPZNBMY-00255-00073607-00073972 working in Kenya as well as Ethiopia
8arnWPZNBMY-00256-00073973-00074263 using farmers surveys suggest that
8arnWPZNBMY-00257-00074264-00074542 somewhere on the order of 50 40 to 50
8arnWPZNBMY-00258-00074543-00074713 percent of the maize has been lost the
8arnWPZNBMY-00259-00074714-00075016 fall army worm each year GM trials
8arnWPZNBMY-00260-00075017-00075244 jackie modified maize that are ongoing
8arnWPZNBMY-00261-00075245-00075654 in countries like Kenya where identical
8arnWPZNBMY-00262-00075655-00075877 varieties of maize are compared
8arnWPZNBMY-00263-00075878-00076152 side-by-side with the only difference in
8arnWPZNBMY-00264-00076153-00076461 the in the resistant variety carrying a
8arnWPZNBMY-00265-00076462-00076713 resistance gene to the fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00266-00076714-00076957 suggests that the maize losses are on
8arnWPZNBMY-00267-00076958-00077296 the order of 35 percent Bob Andrea rank
8arnWPZNBMY-00268-00077297-00077488 old workers just published a very nice
8arnWPZNBMY-00269-00077489-00077755 paper and they have a lot of yield data
8arnWPZNBMY-00270-00077756-00077959 and if the yield was stated weren't
8arnWPZNBMY-00271-00077960-00078145 summarized per se I didn't have time to
8arnWPZNBMY-00272-00078146-00078367 go through those but they can show with
8arnWPZNBMY-00273-00078368-00078637 an insecticide trial using MMX and
8arnWPZNBMY-00274-00078638-00078811 benzoate with some very effective the
8arnWPZNBMY-00275-00078812-00079036 controlling fall army worm that they can
8arnWPZNBMY-00276-00079037-00079201 more than double yields with control
8arnWPZNBMY-00277-00079202-00079489 from that material persona and others
8arnWPZNBMY-00278-00079490-00079846 have shown that in similar sorts of
8arnWPZNBMY-00279-00079847-00080119 trials where insecticides were applied
8arnWPZNBMY-00280-00080120-00080533 as a control measure yield savings could
8arnWPZNBMY-00281-00080534-00080905 be somewhere between say 35 and almost
8arnWPZNBMY-00282-00080906-00081136 60 percent so overall I think the data
8arnWPZNBMY-00283-00081137-00081337 suggests pretty strongly depending on
8arnWPZNBMY-00284-00081338-00081559 where they come from that yield losses
8arnWPZNBMY-00285-00081560-00081859 of around 10 to 50 percent due to this
8arnWPZNBMY-00286-00081860-00082357 best are not unreasonable fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00287-00082358-00082630 like other pests is best controlled
8arnWPZNBMY-00288-00082631-00082840 within an integrated pest management
8arnWPZNBMY-00289-00082841-00083301 framework that framework is typically
8arnWPZNBMY-00290-00083302-00083542 illustrated by use of a triangle in
8arnWPZNBMY-00291-00083543-00083800 which the pillars of integrated pest
8arnWPZNBMY-00292-00083801-00084051 management post plant resistance
8arnWPZNBMY-00293-00084052-00084382 conservation bio control and pesticides
8arnWPZNBMY-00294-00084383-00084625 when needed are shown on the corners of
8arnWPZNBMY-00295-00084626-00085066 the triangle IPM assumes the farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-00296-00085067-00085218 used some level good agricultural
8arnWPZNBMY-00297-00085219-00085471 practices or cultural controls things
8arnWPZNBMY-00298-00085472-00085798 like soil health fertilizer soil pH and
8arnWPZNBMY-00299-00085799-00085951 planting day
8arnWPZNBMY-00300-00085952-00086285 it's important to remember that the key
8arnWPZNBMY-00301-00086286-00086575 protection goal for a farmer is maize
8arnWPZNBMY-00302-00086576-00086984 grain the key technology to put in place
8arnWPZNBMY-00303-00086985-00087181 for control the test like fall army work
8arnWPZNBMY-00304-00087182-00087412 this host plant resistance and persona
8arnWPZNBMY-00305-00087413-00087617 is going to talk to you about that in
8arnWPZNBMY-00306-00087618-00087880 just a moment if the proper cultural
8arnWPZNBMY-00307-00087881-00088061 controls are put into place the weather
8arnWPZNBMY-00308-00088062-00088535 cooperates a proper nice resistant maize
8arnWPZNBMY-00309-00088536-00088859 variety is used that generally leads to
8arnWPZNBMY-00310-00088860-00089019 conservation biocontrol
8arnWPZNBMY-00311-00089020-00089344 which should suppress pest populations
8arnWPZNBMY-00312-00089345-00089678 below economic injury if a farmer checks
8arnWPZNBMY-00313-00089679-00089861 their field they Scout this field and
8arnWPZNBMY-00314-00089862-00090116 they find that has not happened they may
8arnWPZNBMY-00315-00090117-00090371 have to resort to pesticide treatment of
8arnWPZNBMY-00316-00090372-00090671 some sort and for the small resource
8arnWPZNBMY-00317-00090672-00090886 farmer this would be a safer use
8arnWPZNBMY-00318-00090887-00091160 pesticide they can be applied safely
8arnWPZNBMY-00319-00091161-00091490 with minimal PPE this is a subject that
8arnWPZNBMY-00320-00091491-00091709 Paul Jetson is going to talk about in
8arnWPZNBMY-00321-00091710-00091963 detail and and then Dan McGrath will
8arnWPZNBMY-00322-00091964-00092188 also talk about scouting procedures to
8arnWPZNBMY-00323-00092189-00092500 address different clientele within this
8arnWPZNBMY-00324-00092501-00092956 landscape the framework that we have put
8arnWPZNBMY-00325-00092957-00093266 in place the guy IPM framework is based
8arnWPZNBMY-00326-00093267-00093629 on three central tenets knowledge tools
8arnWPZNBMY-00327-00093630-00093982 and policy we have to teach farmers how
8arnWPZNBMY-00328-00093983-00094241 to use good agricultural practices and
8arnWPZNBMY-00329-00094242-00094466 integrated pest management we have to
8arnWPZNBMY-00330-00094467-00094754 provide them with safer use tools such
8arnWPZNBMY-00331-00094755-00095068 as safer use pesticides but this can
8arnWPZNBMY-00332-00095069-00095303 only happen within a policy enabling
8arnWPZNBMY-00333-00095304-00095771 environment the simple process of
8arnWPZNBMY-00334-00095772-00095992 registering a pesticide for use against
8arnWPZNBMY-00335-00095993-00096226 fall army worm in those countries takes
8arnWPZNBMY-00336-00096227-00096493 on the order of two years so you can
8arnWPZNBMY-00337-00096494-00096671 imagine a farmer hats away two years
8arnWPZNBMY-00338-00096672-00097010 once the fall army worm shows up to even
8arnWPZNBMY-00339-00097011-00097201 have a chance of getting a pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-00340-00097202-00097424 register current juice and that's an
8arnWPZNBMY-00341-00097425-00097673 area we're working on very actively and
8arnWPZNBMY-00342-00097674-00097936 I'm happy to say that the eastern Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00343-00097937-00098154 community is well ahead of many
8arnWPZNBMY-00344-00098155-00098332 stakeholders in this area and
8arnWPZNBMY-00345-00098333-00098560 harmonizing pesticide regulation
8arnWPZNBMY-00346-00098561-00098854 processes at the end of the day
8arnWPZNBMY-00347-00098855-00099175 evaluating these these tools as a
8arnWPZNBMY-00348-00099176-00099332 function of the cost
8arnWPZNBMY-00349-00099333-00099719 the efficacy the safety the scalability
8arnWPZNBMY-00350-00099720-00100018 and the sustainability of the technology
8arnWPZNBMY-00351-00100019-00100708 thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-00352-00100709-00100994 thank you Joe and thank you very much
8arnWPZNBMY-00353-00100995-00101423 for also for sticking to time and since
8arnWPZNBMY-00354-00101424-00101741 you did stick to time we can take one
8arnWPZNBMY-00355-00101742-00102050 quick question if we have any Zachary
8arnWPZNBMY-00356-00102051-00102335 from the audience in terms of
8arnWPZNBMY-00357-00102336-00102605 clarification we will have 20 minutes at
8arnWPZNBMY-00358-00102606-00102998 the end for further discussion so I this
8arnWPZNBMY-00359-00102999-00103139 is really more just if there's any
8arnWPZNBMY-00360-00103140-00103607 clarifying questions for Joe thanks Rob
8arnWPZNBMY-00361-00103608-00103778 so we do have one clarifying question
8arnWPZNBMY-00362-00103779-00104233 from Washington from T know are there
8arnWPZNBMY-00363-00104234-00104507 commercialized biocontrol agents that
8arnWPZNBMY-00364-00104508-00105026 are in wide use in the Americas yes
8arnWPZNBMY-00365-00105027-00105283 there there are commercially available
8arnWPZNBMY-00366-00105283-00105508 products for controller fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00367-00105509-00105866 Brazil for example uses a bio factory
8arnWPZNBMY-00368-00105867-00106268 type system with trichogramma the witch
8arnWPZNBMY-00369-00106269-00106541 is a parasitic wasps that attacks fall
8arnWPZNBMY-00370-00106542-00106847 army worm and this is a good example of
8arnWPZNBMY-00371-00106848-00107132 how to place the criteria or how to use
8arnWPZNBMY-00372-00107133-00107468 a criteria cost efficacy scalability and
8arnWPZNBMY-00373-00107469-00107843 sustainability as best as I can tell the
8arnWPZNBMY-00374-00107844-00108058 cost of those treatments are probably
8arnWPZNBMY-00375-00108059-00108230 something on the order of a hundred and
8arnWPZNBMY-00376-00108231-00108497 fifty dollars per hectare requiring
8arnWPZNBMY-00377-00108498-00108719 something on the order of six treatments
8arnWPZNBMY-00378-00108720-00108971 per season so within the Brazil
8arnWPZNBMY-00379-00108972-00109256 agricultural system about 3% of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00380-00109257-00109589 maize crop is treated with what we would
8arnWPZNBMY-00381-00109590-00109892 call augmentative bio control so there
8arnWPZNBMY-00382-00109893-00110083 there are data that suggest that that
8arnWPZNBMY-00383-00110084-00110453 approach works but at present it's quite
8arnWPZNBMY-00384-00110454-00110708 expensive and thus scaling and
8arnWPZNBMY-00385-00110708-00110963 sustaining it would be a challenge that
8arnWPZNBMY-00386-00110964-00111266 a country if they chose to use that
8arnWPZNBMY-00387-00111267-00112298 approach would have to address over
8arnWPZNBMY-00388-00112299-00112518 probably something you seem like you're
8arnWPZNBMY-00389-00112519-00112578 on mute
8arnWPZNBMY-00390-00112579-00112740 do we have time bank on the clarity
8arnWPZNBMY-00391-00112741-00113178 perfect sorry for that Zachary I was
8arnWPZNBMY-00392-00113179-00113376 saying thank you Joe thanks for the
8arnWPZNBMY-00393-00113377-00113520 question and the excellent presentation
8arnWPZNBMY-00394-00113521-00113903 and I think one of the key points that
8arnWPZNBMY-00395-00113904-00114264 Joe has made is that small army worm is
8arnWPZNBMY-00396-00114265-00114558 here to stay in many areas it's going to
8arnWPZNBMY-00397-00114558-00114756 be endemic throughout the year in some
8arnWPZNBMY-00398-00114757-00115008 areas that be maybe more migratory as it
8arnWPZNBMY-00399-00115008-00115184 is in parts of the United States for
8arnWPZNBMY-00400-00115185-00115497 example but I think that's a great segue
8arnWPZNBMY-00401-00115498-00115691 to our next speaker and that is a
8arnWPZNBMY-00402-00115692-00116033 professor emeritus Dan McGrath and Dan
8arnWPZNBMY-00403-00116033-00116439 has comes from Oregon State University
8arnWPZNBMY-00404-00116440-00116688 and worked for decades in Oregon's
8arnWPZNBMY-00405-00116689-00116958 Willamette Valley and he worked on
8arnWPZNBMY-00406-00116958-00117108 vegetable production vegetable
8arnWPZNBMY-00407-00117108-00117258 production integrated pest management
8arnWPZNBMY-00408-00117258-00117591 and sustainable agriculture and since he
8arnWPZNBMY-00409-00117592-00117983 retired a few years ago he's been very
8arnWPZNBMY-00410-00117984-00118263 active in this global effort to control
8arnWPZNBMY-00411-00118264-00118608 and combat fall army work full army were
8arnWPZNBMY-00412-00118608-00118971 across sub-saharan Africa and Asia so
8arnWPZNBMY-00413-00118972-00119220 Dan is somebody who's taken years of
8arnWPZNBMY-00414-00119221-00119469 experience with this pest and integrated
8arnWPZNBMY-00415-00119470-00119670 pest management and is working with
8arnWPZNBMY-00416-00119671-00119933 partners in Africa and Asia now and he's
8arnWPZNBMY-00417-00119934-00120192 worked for example in a number of with a
8arnWPZNBMY-00418-00120193-00120405 number of US aid missions in Ghana
8arnWPZNBMY-00419-00120406-00120690 Ethiopia and Bangladesh to Train farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-00420-00120691-00120927 how to Scout fields how to really manage
8arnWPZNBMY-00421-00120928-00121266 the press pests and take the proper IPM
8arnWPZNBMY-00422-00121267-00121644 steps to in ways that actually match
8arnWPZNBMY-00423-00121645-00121956 with the farmers needs and experience so
8arnWPZNBMY-00424-00121957-00122190 Dan over to you and thanks so much for
8arnWPZNBMY-00425-00122191-00123247 joining us today
8arnWPZNBMY-00426-00123248-00123631 you might be unmute thank you for having
8arnWPZNBMY-00427-00123632-00123744 me
8arnWPZNBMY-00428-00123745-00124023 today I'm going to be talking about
8arnWPZNBMY-00429-00124024-00124246 monitoring and scouting but I'm going to
8arnWPZNBMY-00430-00124247-00124782 be specifically focusing on three areas
8arnWPZNBMY-00431-00124783-00125071 high versus low density monitoring
8arnWPZNBMY-00432-00125072-00125415 systems scouting as an educational
8arnWPZNBMY-00433-00125416-00125736 platform for multiple level audiences
8arnWPZNBMY-00434-00125738-00126615 and efficacy testing when fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00435-00126616-00126828 first arrives in a country governments
8arnWPZNBMY-00436-00126829-00127096 invariably established large complex
8arnWPZNBMY-00437-00127097-00127333 expensive monitoring systems with
8arnWPZNBMY-00438-00127333-00127509 hundreds of monitoring sites and the
8arnWPZNBMY-00439-00127510-00127734 purpose of the high-density systems
8arnWPZNBMY-00440-00127735-00128079 include early detection or detecting the
8arnWPZNBMY-00441-00128080-00128316 arrival of fall army worm and these
8arnWPZNBMY-00442-00128317-00128548 serve as the basis for pest alerts for
8arnWPZNBMY-00443-00128549-00128851 farmlands tracking the spread and
8arnWPZNBMY-00444-00128852-00129046 deploying resources tracking the spread
8arnWPZNBMY-00445-00129047-00129382 of follow any worm and engaging the
8arnWPZNBMY-00446-00129383-00129619 farming community in surveillance using
8arnWPZNBMY-00447-00129620-00129879 phones for example to report what they
8arnWPZNBMY-00448-00129880-00130171 find but the overall focus is trying to
8arnWPZNBMY-00449-00130172-00130351 prevent the establishment of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-00450-00130352-00130791 worm now the monitoring sites serve as
8arnWPZNBMY-00451-00130792-00131164 very effective monitoring
8arnWPZNBMY-00452-00131165-00131482 I mean educational platforms but after
8arnWPZNBMY-00453-00131483-00131746 about three to four months farmers get
8arnWPZNBMY-00454-00131747-00132015 tired of pest alerts they need more
8arnWPZNBMY-00455-00132016-00132307 information than just the presence or
8arnWPZNBMY-00456-00132308-00132613 absence of fall army worm what they need
8arnWPZNBMY-00457-00132614-00132765 is that what they need to know is the
8arnWPZNBMY-00458-00132766-00132973 level of pest pressure what is what is
8arnWPZNBMY-00459-00132974-00133210 the egg Lang pressure is it high is it
8arnWPZNBMY-00460-00133211-00133924 low USAID in Ghana Ethiopia and
8arnWPZNBMY-00461-00133925-00134182 Bangladesh successfully tested an
8arnWPZNBMY-00462-00134183-00134401 alternative monitoring system using low
8arnWPZNBMY-00463-00134402-00134713 density a low density approach the
8arnWPZNBMY-00464-00134714-00134911 purpose of the alternative system was
8arnWPZNBMY-00465-00134912-00135214 different the purpose was to detect and
8arnWPZNBMY-00466-00135215-00135428 report variation in egg-laying pressure
8arnWPZNBMY-00467-00135429-00135721 to provide decision support to farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-00468-00135722-00136021 not only with regards to high egg line
8arnWPZNBMY-00469-00136022-00136210 pressure but also low egg-laying
8arnWPZNBMY-00470-00136211-00136387 pressure and
8arnWPZNBMY-00471-00136388-00136687 promote farmer focus on biological and
8arnWPZNBMY-00472-00136688-00136960 cultural controls and reduce pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-00473-00136961-00137590 use when egg-laying pressure is low now
8arnWPZNBMY-00474-00137591-00137968 this is a data set from the brown Ahava
8arnWPZNBMY-00475-00137969-00138278 region of Ghana in West Africa the
8arnWPZNBMY-00476-00138279-00138661 vertical axis is the average loss per
8arnWPZNBMY-00477-00138662-00138922 track per day over time on the
8arnWPZNBMY-00478-00138923-00139227 horizontal axis from April May June and
8arnWPZNBMY-00479-00139228-00139282 July
8arnWPZNBMY-00480-00139283-00139645 so this line our moth counts average ma
8arnWPZNBMY-00481-00139646-00140044 cows across the entire region and this
8arnWPZNBMY-00482-00140045-00140352 represents egg-laying pressure and in
8arnWPZNBMY-00483-00140353-00140737 summary I would say that the the maize
8arnWPZNBMY-00484-00140738-00141007 during this production year that
8arnWPZNBMY-00485-00141008-00141256 tasseled during the peak and egg-laying
8arnWPZNBMY-00486-00141257-00141619 pressure had between 50 and 75 percent
8arnWPZNBMY-00487-00141620-00141931 cob damage whereas the maze that
8arnWPZNBMY-00488-00141932-00142282 tasseled in this low pressure period had
8arnWPZNBMY-00489-00142283-00142657 essentially no cob damage this data was
8arnWPZNBMY-00490-00142658-00142888 generated with just 10 monitoring sites
8arnWPZNBMY-00491-00142889-00143352 across about 40,000 square kilometers so
8arnWPZNBMY-00492-00143353-00143626 low density monitoring systems are cost
8arnWPZNBMY-00493-00143627-00143922 effective and they go beyond test alerts
8arnWPZNBMY-00494-00143923-00144202 low density monitoring systems support
8arnWPZNBMY-00495-00144203-00144465 farmers especially when they are trying
8arnWPZNBMY-00496-00144466-00144697 to reduce pesticide use without putting
8arnWPZNBMY-00497-00144698-00144939 their crop at risk when egg leg pressure
8arnWPZNBMY-00498-00144940-00145369 is low so let's talk about let's talk
8arnWPZNBMY-00499-00145370-00145786 about scouting scouting schools are an
8arnWPZNBMY-00500-00145787-00145996 effective teaching method for multiple
8arnWPZNBMY-00501-00145997-00146275 audiences smallholders lead farmers and
8arnWPZNBMY-00502-00146276-00146593 agricultural professionals if we focus
8arnWPZNBMY-00503-00146594-00146935 for the moment on small holders we all
8arnWPZNBMY-00504-00146936-00147114 know that that many of them are not
8arnWPZNBMY-00505-00147115-00147286 going to go home and start normally
8arnWPZNBMY-00506-00147287-00147574 scouting their fields but the scouting
8arnWPZNBMY-00507-00147575-00147763 field schools are a tremendous way to
8arnWPZNBMY-00508-00147764-00148006 convey key concepts and fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00509-00148007-00148327 management for example what do farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-00510-00148328-00148552 need to know well just because you have
8arnWPZNBMY-00511-00148553-00148864 fall army worm does not necessarily mean
8arnWPZNBMY-00512-00148865-00149236 that you need to spray farmers have a
8arnWPZNBMY-00513-00149237-00149527 tendency to focus on mature plant the
8arnWPZNBMY-00514-00149528-00149767 big plans and the dramatic
8arnWPZNBMY-00515-00149768-00149950 symptoms caused by fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00516-00149951-00150444 feeding in the world in scouting school
8arnWPZNBMY-00517-00150445-00150769 we they learn that the critical put
8arnWPZNBMY-00518-00150770-00151021 times to pay attention are at the
8arnWPZNBMY-00519-00151022-00151348 seedling stage an early calm development
8arnWPZNBMY-00520-00151349-00151621 damage to the seedlings and damage to
8arnWPZNBMY-00521-00151622-00151828 the young cobs is where your biggest
8arnWPZNBMY-00522-00151829-00152047 impacts from fall armyworms feeding
8arnWPZNBMY-00523-00152048-00152548 comes from now when the castle or so
8arnWPZNBMY-00524-00152549-00152701 what a farmers need to know they need to
8arnWPZNBMY-00525-00152702-00153013 check your seedlings control small
8arnWPZNBMY-00526-00153014-00153345 larvae before they move into the world
8arnWPZNBMY-00527-00153346-00153628 now when the tassel comes it pushes the
8arnWPZNBMY-00528-00153629-00154128 larvae out of the world where do they go
8arnWPZNBMY-00529-00154129-00154684 they go to the base of the cause what if
8arnWPZNBMY-00530-00154685-00155029 farmers need to know check during early
8arnWPZNBMY-00531-00155030-00155263 cob development and control larvae
8arnWPZNBMY-00532-00155264-00155617 before they penetrate the husk now
8arnWPZNBMY-00533-00155618-00155869 agricultural professionals are open to
8arnWPZNBMY-00534-00155870-00156256 additional messages because they're not
8arnWPZNBMY-00535-00156257-00156463 only focused on protecting the crop but
8arnWPZNBMY-00536-00156464-00156652 they're very concerned about controlling
8arnWPZNBMY-00537-00156653-00156895 the costs the overall cost of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-00538-00156896-00157528 worm management in order to manage or
8arnWPZNBMY-00539-00157529-00157795 reduce pesticide use without putting the
8arnWPZNBMY-00540-00157796-00158122 crop at risk one needs to do an accurate
8arnWPZNBMY-00541-00158123-00158473 job of risk assessment it's necessary to
8arnWPZNBMY-00542-00158474-00158671 take into account not only the density
8arnWPZNBMY-00543-00158672-00158956 of the larvae but also the size of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00544-00158957-00159237 larvae the plant growth stage and
8arnWPZNBMY-00545-00159238-00159780 weather conditions an experienced Scout
8arnWPZNBMY-00546-00159781-00160219 should take well we only need to scout a
8arnWPZNBMY-00547-00160220-00160444 field is a piece of paper an adult
8arnWPZNBMY-00548-00160445-00160714 pencil and an experienced Scout should
8arnWPZNBMY-00549-00160715-00160972 take about no more than 15 minutes to
8arnWPZNBMY-00550-00160973-00161478 scout a hectare of maize in some cases
8arnWPZNBMY-00551-00161479-00161698 monitoring and scouting a reduced
8arnWPZNBMY-00552-00161699-00162084 pesticide use by 40% or more and
8arnWPZNBMY-00553-00162085-00162394 monitoring and scouting are central to
8arnWPZNBMY-00554-00162395-00162625 the integration of biological cultural
8arnWPZNBMY-00555-00162626-00162995 and chemical control
8arnWPZNBMY-00556-00162996-00163179 touching briefly on efficacy testing
8arnWPZNBMY-00557-00163180-00163493 it's important to recognize that with
8arnWPZNBMY-00558-00163494-00163709 the fall army worm the plant insect
8arnWPZNBMY-00559-00163710-00164053 interaction is complex it's easy to
8arnWPZNBMY-00560-00164054-00164270 produce misleading results when testing
8arnWPZNBMY-00561-00164271-00164561 the efficacy of materials and methods we
8arnWPZNBMY-00562-00164562-00164827 strongly encourage pesticide regulatory
8arnWPZNBMY-00563-00164828-00165004 staff and researchers to monitor
8arnWPZNBMY-00564-00165005-00165197 egg-laying pressure with a pheromone
8arnWPZNBMY-00565-00165198-00165541 trap and use a scouting protocol when
8arnWPZNBMY-00566-00165542-00165853 conducting efficacy tests it's important
8arnWPZNBMY-00567-00165854-00166100 to track not only plant damage but also
8arnWPZNBMY-00568-00166101-00166370 a gland pressure the plant growth stage
8arnWPZNBMY-00569-00166371-00166658 and the larval size which determines the
8arnWPZNBMY-00570-00166659-00166879 vulnerability of the larvae to the
8arnWPZNBMY-00571-00166880-00167369 materials and method key results to date
8arnWPZNBMY-00572-00167370-00167618 include the widespread utilization of
8arnWPZNBMY-00573-00167619-00167822 the IPM manual for the training of
8arnWPZNBMY-00574-00167823-00168136 trainers across Africa and Asia and
8arnWPZNBMY-00575-00168137-00168379 there's good evidence that many of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00576-00168380-00168563 key messages associated with the
8arnWPZNBMY-00577-00168564-00168736 scouting schools are reaching
8arnWPZNBMY-00578-00168737-00169129 smallholder farmers in terms of next
8arnWPZNBMY-00579-00169130-00169448 steps and what is needed today we need
8arnWPZNBMY-00580-00169449-00169781 to help the USAID missions to deploy the
8arnWPZNBMY-00581-00169782-00170029 revised fall army worm manual which will
8arnWPZNBMY-00582-00170030-00170288 be coming out shortly in order for the
8arnWPZNBMY-00583-00170289-00170498 next level of training for the multiple
8arnWPZNBMY-00584-00170499-00170783 audiences in scouting and monitoring and
8arnWPZNBMY-00585-00170784-00171127 we need to help USAID needs to help
8arnWPZNBMY-00586-00171128-00171374 Africa and Asian countries to transition
8arnWPZNBMY-00587-00171375-00171586 to more cost-effective low density
8arnWPZNBMY-00588-00171587-00171845 monitoring systems that focus on
8arnWPZNBMY-00589-00171846-00172106 supporting farmers especially when
8arnWPZNBMY-00590-00172107-00172310 farmers are trying to reduce pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-00591-00172311-00172748 use and with that I yield my time to the
8arnWPZNBMY-00592-00172749-00173281 chair thank you very much
8arnWPZNBMY-00593-00173282-00173577 thank you Dan that was a really helpful
8arnWPZNBMY-00594-00173578-00173993 presentation and I think one of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00595-00173994-00174263 things that you reminded us about is
8arnWPZNBMY-00596-00174264-00174533 this critical issue of getting the test
8arnWPZNBMY-00597-00174534-00174782 at the right time and also I think this
8arnWPZNBMY-00598-00174783-00175049 relates back to the aflatoxin issue and
8arnWPZNBMY-00599-00175050-00175235 the food safety issue in terms of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00600-00175236-00175532 table stage and this is something again
8arnWPZNBMY-00601-00175533-00175726 that's such an insidious impact
8arnWPZNBMY-00602-00175727-00175973 associated with fall army worm but also
8arnWPZNBMY-00603-00175974-00176201 those very small larvae very early on
8arnWPZNBMY-00604-00176202-00176372 when the damage isn't
8arnWPZNBMY-00605-00176373-00176675 really very visible is also critical and
8arnWPZNBMY-00606-00176676-00176882 of course once there in the world there
8arnWPZNBMY-00607-00176883-00177083 are a lot less vulnerable so now we're
8arnWPZNBMY-00608-00177084-00177260 gonna move well before we move on let's
8arnWPZNBMY-00609-00177261-00177515 take time for one question Zachary do we
8arnWPZNBMY-00610-00177516-00178031 have any questions that's Roger I've got
8arnWPZNBMY-00611-00178032-00178444 quite a few rollin in one quick one from
8arnWPZNBMY-00612-00178445-00178882 justice Frimpong currently looking into
8arnWPZNBMY-00613-00178883-00179341 nitrogen fertilization on Mays growth
8arnWPZNBMY-00614-00179342-00179645 and development linked to fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-00615-00179646-00179894 damage will this help the Mays to
8arnWPZNBMY-00616-00179895-00180305 recover from the attack those of you
8arnWPZNBMY-00617-00180306-00180578 were who were with us and Hyderabad
8arnWPZNBMY-00618-00180579-00180806 India had an opportunity to look one
8arnWPZNBMY-00619-00180807-00181049 variety of maize which was heavily
8arnWPZNBMY-00620-00181050-00181391 infested with fall army worm and and
8arnWPZNBMY-00621-00181392-00181582 floor rows were had an adequate
8arnWPZNBMY-00622-00181583-00181919 fertilizer program and four rows had an
8arnWPZNBMY-00623-00181920-00182219 inadequate fertilizer program and and
8arnWPZNBMY-00624-00182220-00182549 the difference was very dramatic the the
8arnWPZNBMY-00625-00182550-00182762 robustness of which the plant is growing
8arnWPZNBMY-00626-00182763-00182942 makes a huge difference in its ability
8arnWPZNBMY-00627-00182943-00183182 to recover even from fairly high levels
8arnWPZNBMY-00628-00183183-00183446 of of fall while a worm damaged I would
8arnWPZNBMY-00629-00183447-00183680 warn you that that that fertility does
8arnWPZNBMY-00630-00183681-00183932 not have an impact on the susceptibility
8arnWPZNBMY-00631-00183933-00184277 of the cobs to fall army worm damage so
8arnWPZNBMY-00632-00184278-00184445 it's important to check not only at the
8arnWPZNBMY-00633-00184446-00184721 seedling stage but also at the early cob
8arnWPZNBMY-00634-00184722-00185084 development stage over great thanks for
8arnWPZNBMY-00635-00185085-00185336 that question and for that great answer
8arnWPZNBMY-00636-00185337-00185531 Dan and I think it just underscores
8arnWPZNBMY-00637-00185532-00185756 double underlines this issue of good
8arnWPZNBMY-00638-00185757-00186065 agricultural practices so many of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00639-00186066-00186305 contexts in which we're trying to work
8arnWPZNBMY-00640-00186306-00186527 and farmers are trying to make their
8arnWPZNBMY-00641-00186528-00186806 living and feed their communities so now
8arnWPZNBMY-00642-00186807-00187171 we're going to move on to a more of a
8arnWPZNBMY-00643-00187172-00187430 sort of unpacked some of the tools that
8arnWPZNBMY-00644-00187431-00187694 both Joe and Dan have talked about today
8arnWPZNBMY-00645-00187695-00188009 and we're going to start with dr. boater
8arnWPZNBMY-00646-00188010-00188399 Polly Prasanna dr. persona is he's
8arnWPZNBMY-00647-00188400-00188600 unfortunately somebody who I have our
8arnWPZNBMY-00648-00188601-00188867 speed dial on my phone so I'm constantly
8arnWPZNBMY-00649-00188868-00189101 turning to him for help and advice but
8arnWPZNBMY-00650-00189102-00189418 today he's going to help us all by
8arnWPZNBMY-00651-00189419-00189686 providing some real insights into the
8arnWPZNBMY-00652-00189687-00189737 roles
8arnWPZNBMY-00653-00189738-00189959 especially of host plant resistance
8arnWPZNBMY-00654-00189960-00190142 which is one of the areas under the arc
8arnWPZNBMY-00655-00190143-00190505 for the task force and which cimmyt and
8arnWPZNBMY-00656-00190506-00190703 dr. persona personally have been leading
8arnWPZNBMY-00657-00190704-00191027 and so what dr. persona thank you so
8arnWPZNBMY-00658-00191028-00191237 much for all your contributing and and
8arnWPZNBMY-00659-00191238-00191612 we're really interested to hear from you
8arnWPZNBMY-00660-00191613-00191837 about the progress being made in
8arnWPZNBMY-00661-00191838-00192125 combating fall army worm and using this
8arnWPZNBMY-00662-00192126-00192422 critical tool thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-00663-00192423-00192860 many thanks Releford as a kind
8arnWPZNBMY-00664-00192861-00192950 introduction
8arnWPZNBMY-00665-00192951-00193172 it's always a pleasure to interact with
8arnWPZNBMY-00666-00193173-00193534 you no matter what time or what deities
8arnWPZNBMY-00667-00193535-00193820 yeah the the topic that i am going to
8arnWPZNBMY-00668-00193821-00194132 focus on is the host plant resistance to
8arnWPZNBMY-00669-00194133-00194390 follow me more management this is the
8arnWPZNBMY-00670-00194391-00194578 work that is done by a very dedicated
8arnWPZNBMY-00671-00194579-00195080 group of researchers at CIMMYT i've just
8arnWPZNBMY-00672-00195081-00195317 name a few like yourself being dynamic
8arnWPZNBMY-00673-00195318-00195734 wouldn't be an any bruce all these guys
8arnWPZNBMY-00674-00195735-00195971 have tremendously contributed to what i
8arnWPZNBMY-00675-00195972-00196229 am going to present here this this work
8arnWPZNBMY-00676-00196230-00196616 has been collectively funded by number
8arnWPZNBMY-00677-00196617-00196910 of agencies u.s. aid is the key agency
8arnWPZNBMY-00678-00196911-00197192 here and apart from that there is a CTL
8arnWPZNBMY-00679-00197193-00197459 research program on maize which has
8arnWPZNBMY-00680-00197460-00197762 largely contributed to the work so as
8arnWPZNBMY-00681-00197763-00198143 joey singer's pointed out a host plant
8arnWPZNBMY-00682-00198144-00198389 resistance is a very very important
8arnWPZNBMY-00683-00198390-00198623 component of the integrated pest
8arnWPZNBMY-00684-00198624-00198956 management approach towards controlling
8arnWPZNBMY-00685-00198957-00199262 many insect pests including the Fulani
8arnWPZNBMY-00686-00199263-00199568 walk but bleeding for resistance amazed
8arnWPZNBMY-00687-00199569-00199952 at CIMMYT to these insect pests is not
8arnWPZNBMY-00688-00199953-00200261 five years or ten years old but almost
8arnWPZNBMY-00689-00200262-00200543 now four decades old a series of
8arnWPZNBMY-00690-00200544-00200890 publications came out in 1990s on
8arnWPZNBMY-00691-00200891-00201176 breeding for resistance to insect pests
8arnWPZNBMY-00692-00201177-00201434 such as tempura's as well as Paula move
8arnWPZNBMY-00693-00201435-00201802 on one of the most notable landraces
8arnWPZNBMY-00694-00201803-00202082 that contributed tremendously to these
8arnWPZNBMY-00695-00202083-00202312 efforts are the cuban slims
8arnWPZNBMY-00696-00202313-00202667 besides the text panel maize so both of
8arnWPZNBMY-00697-00202668-00202900 them one coming from Cuba
8arnWPZNBMY-00698-00202901-00203089 another lantry's
8arnWPZNBMY-00699-00203090-00203404 collection coming from Mexico both of
8arnWPZNBMY-00700-00203405-00203602 them have very very significantly
8arnWPZNBMY-00701-00203603-00203839 contributed so sim its efforts on
8arnWPZNBMY-00702-00203840-00204139 developing germ plasm with resistance to
8arnWPZNBMY-00703-00204140-00204548 in sickness the source germ plasm for
8arnWPZNBMY-00704-00204549-00204821 insect resistance is is has been
8arnWPZNBMY-00705-00204821-00205141 happening since many decades the person
8arnWPZNBMY-00706-00205142-00205321 which I showed in this photograph here
8arnWPZNBMY-00707-00205323-00205540 is John John meme John meme
8arnWPZNBMY-00708-00205541-00205748 unfortunately passed away two years back
8arnWPZNBMY-00709-00205748-00206044 but in the in the work that he has done
8arnWPZNBMY-00710-00206046-00206488 in 1980s and 90s has led to a collection
8arnWPZNBMY-00711-00206489-00206665 of John plasm that has been used not
8arnWPZNBMY-00712-00206666-00206944 only by CIMMYT but also by researchers
8arnWPZNBMY-00713-00206946-00207294 at USDA ARS at Mississippi at
8arnWPZNBMY-00714-00207296-00207601 universities in the years so John in
8arnWPZNBMY-00715-00207602-00207940 1984 in one of the articles he says we
8arnWPZNBMY-00716-00207941-00208175 concentrate on attempting to identify
8arnWPZNBMY-00717-00208176-00208510 and use more stable resistance to larval
8arnWPZNBMY-00718-00208511-00208792 feeling of the antibiotics strong non
8arnWPZNBMY-00719-00208794-00209065 preference or client problems mechanisms
8arnWPZNBMY-00720-00209066-00209380 in order of priority and as expressed in
8arnWPZNBMY-00721-00209381-00209632 a no choice situation under field
8arnWPZNBMY-00722-00209633-00209935 conditions that in fact remains the
8arnWPZNBMY-00723-00209936-00210188 guiding principle in our efforts to
8arnWPZNBMY-00724-00210189-00210433 screen large collections of germ plasm
8arnWPZNBMY-00725-00210434-00210733 and best broke out in africa and further
8arnWPZNBMY-00726-00210734-00210841 in asia
8arnWPZNBMY-00727-00210842-00211135 simit with support from US aid and CRP
8arnWPZNBMY-00728-00211136-00211510 knees established a stream house complex
8arnWPZNBMY-00729-00211511-00211759 what you see here are they around seven
8arnWPZNBMY-00730-00211760-00212054 sixteen houses each almost 3/4 of an
8arnWPZNBMY-00731-00212055-00212366 acre size but we have around 13 16
8arnWPZNBMY-00732-00212367-00212809 houses that tobacco in our partner kenya
8arnWPZNBMY-00733-00212810-00212956 agriculture and livestock research
8arnWPZNBMY-00734-00212957-00213263 organization called row centered at
8arnWPZNBMY-00735-00213264-00213740 capable similar what we call facilities
8arnWPZNBMY-00736-00213741-00213967 we are planning to establish at Harare
8arnWPZNBMY-00737-00213969-00214163 and also in Asia
8arnWPZNBMY-00738-00214164-00214439 so using this complex we have screened
8arnWPZNBMY-00739-00214440-00214915 around 3124 inbred lines and more than
8arnWPZNBMY-00740-00214916-00215240 3,200 hybrid pre-commercial hybrids
8arnWPZNBMY-00741-00215241-00215516 against follow me one under artificial
8arnWPZNBMY-00742-00215517-00215771 infestation that means after mass
8arnWPZNBMY-00743-00215771-00216007 reading of the following of larvae then
8arnWPZNBMY-00744-00216008-00216275 identified and validated those promising
8arnWPZNBMY-00745-00216276-00216464 follow me worm tolerant
8arnWPZNBMY-00746-00216465-00216631 bloodlines whether they came from Latin
8arnWPZNBMY-00747-00216632-00216950 America or from the African job plasm
8arnWPZNBMY-00748-00216951-00217230 and then disseminated some of the key
8arnWPZNBMY-00749-00217231-00217579 symmetries lines these are elite inbred
8arnWPZNBMY-00750-00217580-00218189 lines including CML 71 125 330 338 375
8arnWPZNBMY-00751-00218190-00218564 74 these are some very very good CML
8arnWPZNBMY-00752-00218565-00218794 if you really wish to strengthen you are
8arnWPZNBMY-00753-00218796-00219055 breeding for resistance to follow me Bob
8arnWPZNBMY-00754-00219056-00219296 a number of partners public sector
8arnWPZNBMY-00755-00219296-00219634 partners in Africa as well as Asia have
8arnWPZNBMY-00756-00219635-00219948 received these CML cells from cement
8arnWPZNBMY-00757-00219950-00220330 more importantly our job plasm screening
8arnWPZNBMY-00758-00220331-00220594 efforts do not just limit to foliar
8arnWPZNBMY-00759-00220596-00220876 damage ratings foliar damage has to be
8arnWPZNBMY-00760-00220877-00221171 certainly less than or equal to five on
8arnWPZNBMY-00761-00221171-00221446 a one to nine scale but the ear damage
8arnWPZNBMY-00762-00221448-00221728 which is also very very important has to
8arnWPZNBMY-00763-00221729-00221996 be has to be not more than three on a
8arnWPZNBMY-00764-00221996-00222362 one to nine score this is as Rob pointed
8arnWPZNBMY-00765-00222363-00222644 out the higher the real damage the great
8arnWPZNBMY-00766-00222644-00222879 honor of the opportunities for aflatoxin
8arnWPZNBMY-00767-00222880-00223151 producing from JR micro toxin producing
8arnWPZNBMY-00768-00223152-00223367 fungi you affect those years and make
8arnWPZNBMY-00769-00223367-00223857 them vulnerable to number of issues
8arnWPZNBMY-00770-00223858-00224150 grain yield also under follow me vomit
8arnWPZNBMY-00771-00224151-00224428 efficient frustration is also equally
8arnWPZNBMY-00772-00224429-00224692 important not just for your damage
8arnWPZNBMY-00773-00224694-00224873 rating or here damage rate how much
8arnWPZNBMY-00774-00224873-00225127 he'll do you get and what are the other
8arnWPZNBMY-00775-00225128-00225376 relevant traits that are present in the
8arnWPZNBMY-00776-00225377-00225617 genetic backgrounds of these varieties a
8arnWPZNBMY-00777-00225617-00225892 farmer is not going to grow a follow me
8arnWPZNBMY-00778-00225894-00226151 warm tolerant variety which is highly
8arnWPZNBMY-00779-00226152-00226369 vulnerable to drought or to some other
8arnWPZNBMY-00780-00226371-00226598 disease so when we do breeding for
8arnWPZNBMY-00781-00226598-00226873 resistance it's not just a word night
8arnWPZNBMY-00782-00226875-00227101 job we have to make sure that these
8arnWPZNBMY-00783-00227102-00227300 varieties combine all the relevant
8arnWPZNBMY-00784-00227301-00227540 traits that are needed by the small for
8arnWPZNBMY-00785-00227541-00227771 the flowers but as you can see these
8arnWPZNBMY-00786-00227771-00228044 photographs some of our follow me warm
8arnWPZNBMY-00787-00228044-00228290 powder and precursor hybrids are showing
8arnWPZNBMY-00788-00228291-00228592 excellent response these are as good as
8arnWPZNBMY-00789-00228594-00228859 you can see here with the vulnerable
8arnWPZNBMY-00790-00228860-00229067 varieties showing lot of damage for ear
8arnWPZNBMY-00791-00229067-00229351 damage as well as ear damage and the
8arnWPZNBMY-00792-00229352-00229613 tolerant hybrids showing much much
8arnWPZNBMY-00793-00229614-00229811 lesser
8arnWPZNBMY-00794-00229812-00230279 at both stages so sim it's ongoing on
8arnWPZNBMY-00795-00230280-00230576 station and on form validation trails
8arnWPZNBMY-00796-00230577-00230831 are multiple we are we are now presently
8arnWPZNBMY-00797-00230832-00231089 screening eight very promising follow me
8arnWPZNBMY-00798-00231090-00231311 vom saal Grand Prix commercial hybrids
8arnWPZNBMY-00799-00231312-00231567 along with for carefully selected
8arnWPZNBMY-00800-00231569-00231815 susceptible commercial checks under
8arnWPZNBMY-00801-00231816-00232004 different experiment no choice
8arnWPZNBMY-00802-00232005-00232219 experiment under follow me vomit a fishy
8arnWPZNBMY-00803-00232221-00232559 infestation all station trials are at
8arnWPZNBMY-00804-00232560-00232817 five six six different sites under
8arnWPZNBMY-00805-00232817-00233111 natural infestation and then there are
8arnWPZNBMY-00806-00233112-00233438 on farm wells at around 16 sites in
8arnWPZNBMY-00807-00233439-00233671 Kenya and the follow me vom natural
8arnWPZNBMY-00808-00233673-00233909 infestation but under former management
8arnWPZNBMY-00809-00233910-00234188 conditions so the data once they are
8arnWPZNBMY-00810-00234189-00234452 available to us in the last quarter of
8arnWPZNBMY-00811-00234453-00234635 this year there will be a stage gate
8arnWPZNBMY-00812-00234636-00234857 advancement process and will be in a
8arnWPZNBMY-00813-00234858-00235133 position to release to our partners the
8arnWPZNBMY-00814-00235134-00235241 first generation
8arnWPZNBMY-00815-00235242-00235556 follow me whomp tolerant hybrids from
8arnWPZNBMY-00816-00235557-00235850 symmetry so that's the most important
8arnWPZNBMY-00817-00235851-00236084 news yeah so there is a plenty of
8arnWPZNBMY-00818-00236085-00236342 opportunity to get to varieties that
8arnWPZNBMY-00819-00236342-00236666 have excellent resistance to follow me
8arnWPZNBMY-00820-00236667-00236975 Bob with much lesser fully are damaged
8arnWPZNBMY-00821-00236976-00237233 or even here damaged and good grain
8arnWPZNBMY-00822-00237234-00237421 yields again this is another experiment
8arnWPZNBMY-00823-00237423-00237721 that is ongoing at place called killing
8arnWPZNBMY-00824-00237723-00238016 Yaga in Kenya a follow me one on form
8arnWPZNBMY-00825-00238017-00238271 validation trial again you can see an
8arnWPZNBMY-00826-00238271-00238483 excellent I brain dominant hybrid
8arnWPZNBMY-00827-00238484-00238769 compared to one of our very popular
8arnWPZNBMY-00828-00238769-00239063 coming our commercial hybrids release it
8arnWPZNBMY-00829-00239064-00239296 through symmetry on plasm but again
8arnWPZNBMY-00830-00239298-00239579 showing high vulnerability to follow me
8arnWPZNBMY-00831-00239580-00239621 Bob
8arnWPZNBMY-00832-00239621-00239846 so the native genetic resistance what
8arnWPZNBMY-00833-00239846-00240077 are the next steps similar to the MLM
8arnWPZNBMY-00834-00240078-00240263 success story we would like to
8arnWPZNBMY-00835-00240264-00240473 accelerate the development of elite
8arnWPZNBMY-00836-00240473-00240728 maize varieties with climate resilience
8arnWPZNBMY-00837-00240729-00240944 and following you up tolerance in
8arnWPZNBMY-00838-00240944-00241181 diverse genetic backgrounds relevant for
8arnWPZNBMY-00839-00241182-00241544 Africa as well as Asia and the work that
8arnWPZNBMY-00840-00241544-00241808 is going on right now on follow me warm
8arnWPZNBMY-00841-00241809-00242041 the genomic regions for follow me Ron
8arnWPZNBMY-00842-00242042-00242390 resistance in maize will be validating
8arnWPZNBMY-00843-00242391-00242591 them will be first of all identifying
8arnWPZNBMY-00844-00242592-00242851 discovery validation and deployment
8arnWPZNBMY-00845-00242852-00243173 those stages are passed before we
8arnWPZNBMY-00846-00243173-00243407 routinely used genomics assisted
8arnWPZNBMY-00847-00243408-00243629 breeding we also need to channelize
8arnWPZNBMY-00848-00243630-00243835 extensive public private partnerships
8arnWPZNBMY-00849-00243836-00244082 for deploying those elite fallen even
8arnWPZNBMY-00850-00244083-00244342 tolerant varieties with a faster
8arnWPZNBMY-00851-00244344-00244637 varietal turnover and demonstrate the
8arnWPZNBMY-00852-00244638-00244898 benefits of integrating native genetic
8arnWPZNBMY-00853-00244898-00245134 resistance with other IPM tactics
8arnWPZNBMY-00854-00245135-00245444 especially the gap IPM that was
8arnWPZNBMY-00855-00245444-00245660 highlighted by Joe hissing and the
8arnWPZNBMY-00856-00245661-00245906 biological control similar to the
8arnWPZNBMY-00857-00245907-00246044 approaches taken in some of the
8arnWPZNBMY-00858-00246044-00246512 countries the BT mace let's remember is
8arnWPZNBMY-00859-00246513-00246817 another most important tool in the IPM
8arnWPZNBMY-00860-00246819-00246929 toolbox
8arnWPZNBMY-00861-00246930-00247177 there are numerous GM maize hybrids
8arnWPZNBMY-00862-00247178-00247439 including various combinations of cry
8arnWPZNBMY-00863-00247440-00247694 and the vegetative in six idol protein
8arnWPZNBMY-00864-00247694-00247967 genes that are commercially available in
8arnWPZNBMY-00865-00247967-00248173 Brazil as well as North America
8arnWPZNBMY-00866-00248175-00248537 these are deployed so widely and US and
8arnWPZNBMY-00867-00248538-00248810 Brazil retain their advantage in terms
8arnWPZNBMY-00868-00248811-00249085 of not only meeting their domestic needs
8arnWPZNBMY-00869-00249086-00249380 but also in acquisition to export maize
8arnWPZNBMY-00870-00249381-00249665 to different parts of the world and
8arnWPZNBMY-00871-00249666-00249919 that's really important father my mom
8arnWPZNBMY-00872-00249921-00250151 has been there for several decades in
8arnWPZNBMY-00873-00250152-00250594 these countries but US and Brazil have
8arnWPZNBMY-00874-00250596-00250810 kept up their advantage insect
8arnWPZNBMY-00875-00250811-00250991 resistance management and product
8arnWPZNBMY-00876-00250992-00251204 stewardship are indeed extremely
8arnWPZNBMY-00877-00251205-00251410 important for GM needs to be sustainable
8arnWPZNBMY-00878-00251411-00251759 and continue to be effective in farm
8arnWPZNBMY-00879-00251760-00252059 management and those are important
8arnWPZNBMY-00880-00252060-00252308 principle irrespective of wherever where
8arnWPZNBMY-00881-00252309-00252704 you grow GM maize BT maize in Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00882-00252705-00252944 what is the status more eight nine zero
8arnWPZNBMY-00883-00252944-00253271 three four an important Biddy event is
8arnWPZNBMY-00884-00253271-00253601 presently showing high levels of colony
8arnWPZNBMY-00885-00253602-00253777 whomped Control in South Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00886-00253778-00253996 demonstrated through our project a
8arnWPZNBMY-00887-00253998-00254255 project led by African agriculture
8arnWPZNBMY-00888-00254256-00254569 technology foundation and they are
8arnWPZNBMY-00889-00254571-00254933 donating these trans teens for the
8arnWPZNBMY-00890-00254934-00255254 benefit of small holders in Africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00891-00255255-00255587 similarly mounatin although not what was
8arnWPZNBMY-00892-00255588-00255764 fully designed for follow me well
8arnWPZNBMY-00893-00255765-00256019 control the confined field trials in
8arnWPZNBMY-00894-00256019-00256283 teyla project target countries in africa
8arnWPZNBMY-00895-00256284-00256346 is showing
8arnWPZNBMY-00896-00256346-00256548 partial but significant
8arnWPZNBMY-00897-00256548-00256827 and follow me mom natural infestation
8arnWPZNBMY-00898-00256828-00257042 what says the commercial susceptible
8arnWPZNBMY-00899-00257044-00257292 checks so scimitar has contributed to
8arnWPZNBMY-00900-00257292-00257589 this project by by providing as many as
8arnWPZNBMY-00901-00257590-00257910 49 unique lines so far and a taylor
8arnWPZNBMY-00902-00257911-00258090 project for bt trading travelers
8arnWPZNBMY-00903-00258091-00258366 especially male ten and twenty nine
8arnWPZNBMY-00904-00258367-00258600 eight eight nine zero three four BT
8arnWPZNBMY-00905-00258601-00258906 maize is also being grown in Asia almost
8arnWPZNBMY-00906-00258907-00259089 six hundred thirty thousand hectares in
8arnWPZNBMY-00907-00259090-00259344 Philippines and almost fifty thousand
8arnWPZNBMY-00908-00259344-00259614 hectares in Vietnam and there is also
8arnWPZNBMY-00909-00259615-00260121 VIP three a mill 61-62 that is either
8arnWPZNBMY-00910-00260121-00260502 alone or stacked with those even so Asia
8arnWPZNBMY-00911-00260503-00260769 some countries are progressing strongly
8arnWPZNBMY-00912-00260769-00261054 in terms of BT maize deployment and
8arnWPZNBMY-00913-00261055-00261312 there is opportunity for other countries
8arnWPZNBMY-00914-00261313-00261671 also perhaps to articulate some of these
8arnWPZNBMY-00915-00261673-00261954 events my final slide so we need to
8arnWPZNBMY-00916-00261955-00262227 remember that PT based resistance and
8arnWPZNBMY-00917-00262228-00262458 native genetic resistance could be quite
8arnWPZNBMY-00918-00262459-00262731 complementary they are not exclusive and
8arnWPZNBMY-00919-00262732-00263106 you can successfully stack the BT events
8arnWPZNBMY-00920-00263107-00263388 in an excellent drought tolerant ml and
8arnWPZNBMY-00921-00263389-00263631 resistant and follow-me warmth all dem
8arnWPZNBMY-00922-00263632-00263850 genetic backgrounds and that could be a
8arnWPZNBMY-00923-00263851-00264164 much more sustainable and durable way of
8arnWPZNBMY-00924-00264165-00264501 fall amoeba management for the future I
8arnWPZNBMY-00925-00264502-00264764 thank the partners in Africa and Asia
8arnWPZNBMY-00926-00264765-00265179 USA in particular USDA for providing
8arnWPZNBMY-00927-00265180-00265446 tremendous support for this initiative
8arnWPZNBMY-00928-00265447-00265826 thanks a lot
8arnWPZNBMY-00929-00265827-00266127 thank you dr. persona for that really
8arnWPZNBMY-00930-00266128-00266532 great overview I think we're I think we
8arnWPZNBMY-00931-00266533-00266718 we're not going to take time for a
8arnWPZNBMY-00932-00266719-00266964 specific question now but we can for
8arnWPZNBMY-00933-00266965-00267240 people who have those let's please bring
8arnWPZNBMY-00934-00267241-00267384 them back there we'll bring them back
8arnWPZNBMY-00935-00267385-00267588 during the the broader discussion a
8arnWPZNBMY-00936-00267589-00267798 little later on I want to just flag a
8arnWPZNBMY-00937-00267799-00268026 couple of things from your presentation
8arnWPZNBMY-00938-00268027-00268437 dr. persona one is how important it is
8arnWPZNBMY-00939-00268438-00268827 to be able to use genetic resources from
8arnWPZNBMY-00940-00268828-00269130 around the world in this case from the
8arnWPZNBMY-00941-00269131-00269415 Caribbean and Mexico to address the
8arnWPZNBMY-00942-00269416-00269655 needs of farmers in Africa and Asia this
8arnWPZNBMY-00943-00269656-00269943 is really exciting and it's why it's so
8arnWPZNBMY-00944-00269944-00270168 important that we continue to find ways
8arnWPZNBMY-00945-00270169-00270480 to globally utilize and make these
8arnWPZNBMY-00946-00270481-00270696 genetic incredibly important genetic
8arnWPZNBMY-00947-00270697-00270903 resources available to the needs of all
8arnWPZNBMY-00948-00270904-00271119 of the farmers in the developing world
8arnWPZNBMY-00949-00271120-00271419 and a worldwide for that matter second
8arnWPZNBMY-00950-00271420-00271695 point is just the importance of seeing
8arnWPZNBMY-00951-00271696-00271920 the research in the farmer's fields to
8arnWPZNBMY-00952-00271921-00272142 dr. Poisson I want to congratulate you
8arnWPZNBMY-00953-00272143-00272511 for that so I think we we're going to
8arnWPZNBMY-00954-00272512-00272874 move on now to a situation where you
8arnWPZNBMY-00955-00272875-00273069 know we can use host plant resistance
8arnWPZNBMY-00956-00273070-00273525 either BT or classical resistance as dr.
8arnWPZNBMY-00957-00273526-00273831 persona has discussed but there are also
8arnWPZNBMY-00958-00273832-00274089 situations where we need to come in with
8arnWPZNBMY-00959-00274090-00274440 more specific controls and I'm delighted
8arnWPZNBMY-00960-00274441-00274737 to say that we have Paul Jefferson who
8arnWPZNBMY-00961-00274738-00275043 is again from Oregon State University
8arnWPZNBMY-00962-00275044-00275316 where as you see he leads the directly
8arnWPZNBMY-00963-00275317-00275508 via integrated clamp protection Center
8arnWPZNBMY-00964-00275509-00275903 and Paul similarly has been like Dan
8arnWPZNBMY-00965-00275904-00276219 very very involved with this global
8arnWPZNBMY-00966-00276220-00276519 effort he's serving with the FAO
8arnWPZNBMY-00967-00276520-00276705 Technical Working Group and on the
8arnWPZNBMY-00968-00276706-00276945 Technical Committee of the global action
8arnWPZNBMY-00969-00276946-00277239 that I mentioned earlier and Paul is a
8arnWPZNBMY-00970-00277240-00277608 leader in this issue of how non-target
8arnWPZNBMY-00971-00277609-00277890 species are affected so he approaches
8arnWPZNBMY-00972-00277891-00278223 the pesticide issue and as and the tool
8arnWPZNBMY-00973-00278224-00278712 as using it smart in a smart way as Joe
8arnWPZNBMY-00974-00278713-00278964 mentioned in his first presentation so
8arnWPZNBMY-00975-00278965-00279539 Paul welcome and over to you
8arnWPZNBMY-00976-00279540-00279789 thank you very much Robin can you hear
8arnWPZNBMY-00977-00279790-00280194 me yes you're here your lab we can hear
8arnWPZNBMY-00978-00280195-00280410 you both good morning everybody around
8arnWPZNBMY-00979-00280411-00280572 the world yes
8arnWPZNBMY-00980-00280573-00280803 our project is addressing pesticides and
8arnWPZNBMY-00981-00280804-00280974 fall army worm along with so many other
8arnWPZNBMY-00982-00280975-00281205 people around the world of course Mitro
8arnWPZNBMY-00983-00281206-00281379 authors are Katie Murray who's an
8arnWPZNBMY-00984-00281380-00281544 anthropologist I work with at Oregon
8arnWPZNBMY-00985-00281545-00281648 State University
8arnWPZNBMY-00986-00281649-00281979 Victor Taylor from CRS in Malawi who is
8arnWPZNBMY-00987-00281980-00282147 incredibly helpful to us and we work
8arnWPZNBMY-00988-00282148-00282324 there and Max who saw if they are
8arnWPZNBMY-00989-00282325-00282564 senegal with whom we're working on an
8arnWPZNBMY-00990-00282565-00282849 application manual which i won't have
8arnWPZNBMY-00991-00282850-00283032 time to talk about today although that
8arnWPZNBMY-00992-00283033-00283209 is a very important aspect of this
8arnWPZNBMY-00993-00283210-00283505 problem
8arnWPZNBMY-00994-00283506-00283728 but I just wanted to capture the
8arnWPZNBMY-00995-00283729-00284073 challenges because unfortunately with
8arnWPZNBMY-00996-00284074-00284334 regard to fall army worm the marketplace
8arnWPZNBMY-00997-00284335-00284553 has been rather flooded with broad
8arnWPZNBMY-00998-00284554-00284712 spectrum and often highly hazardous
8arnWPZNBMY-00999-00284713-00285048 pesticides these are often inexpensive
8arnWPZNBMY-01000-00285049-00285291 also and we believe there's a high level
8arnWPZNBMY-01001-00285292-00285582 of uptake by farmers this not only is
8arnWPZNBMY-01002-00285583-00285786 hazardous the farmers themselves and
8arnWPZNBMY-01003-00285787-00286056 public health and the health impacts of
8arnWPZNBMY-01004-00286057-00286338 this have not really been documented and
8arnWPZNBMY-01005-00286339-00286514 there's a seat at the table
8arnWPZNBMY-01006-00286515-00286889 unfortunately still empty for that
8arnWPZNBMY-01007-00286890-00287178 measuring health impacts of pesticides
8arnWPZNBMY-01008-00287179-00287442 in this outbreak however there's also an
8arnWPZNBMY-01009-00287443-00287703 ecological impact with large wide scale
8arnWPZNBMY-01010-00287704-00287889 suppression of natural enemies early in
8arnWPZNBMY-01011-00287890-00288102 the season and this inhibits the
8arnWPZNBMY-01012-00288103-00288294 opportunity for IPM development and
8arnWPZNBMY-01013-00288295-00288564 promotes Kesh outbreaks we see this
8arnWPZNBMY-01014-00288565-00288768 commonly here where pyrethroids rocks
8arnWPZNBMY-01015-00288769-00289008 had pushed into the marketplace early in
8arnWPZNBMY-01016-00289009-00289245 the season and there's almost conditions
8arnWPZNBMY-01017-00289246-00289584 agriculture for very volatile high pest
8arnWPZNBMY-01018-00289585-00289902 outbreaks circumstances so we see this
8arnWPZNBMY-01019-00289903-00290097 progression from left to right the
8arnWPZNBMY-01020-00290098-00290313 phase-out of highly hazardous materials
8arnWPZNBMY-01021-00290314-00290544 and high-risk pesticides has been rather
8arnWPZNBMY-01022-00290545-00290745 important if we're to build
8arnWPZNBMY-01023-00290746-00291090 opportunities for IPM I've been involved
8arnWPZNBMY-01024-00291091-00291432 in in regime such as this and outbreaks
8arnWPZNBMY-01025-00291433-00291744 of this form of oh not on this scale but
8arnWPZNBMY-01026-00291745-00291924 for a number of decades and this is a
8arnWPZNBMY-01027-00291925-00292254 common pattern that somehow we would
8arnWPZNBMY-01028-00292255-00292455 argue that we really need to do better
8arnWPZNBMY-01029-00292456-00292701 and not rely on these mechanisms which
8arnWPZNBMY-01030-00292702-00293007 seem to have the opposite outcome for
8arnWPZNBMY-01031-00293008-00293475 what we would wish in terms of promoting
8arnWPZNBMY-01032-00293476-00293784 pest outbreaks so working with Katy
8arnWPZNBMY-01033-00293785-00294063 Murray in Malawi our approach has been
8arnWPZNBMY-01034-00294064-00294285 what I'm going to summarize today is
8arnWPZNBMY-01035-00294286-00294492 going to the farmers themselves that
8arnWPZNBMY-01036-00294493-00294600 it's over their needs
8arnWPZNBMY-01037-00294601-00294864 characterizing local market places and
8arnWPZNBMY-01038-00294865-00295074 then responding to those local needs and
8arnWPZNBMY-01039-00295075-00295349 circumstances with targeted education
8arnWPZNBMY-01040-00295350-00295758 and so I will post at the end of my talk
8arnWPZNBMY-01041-00295759-00296076 open source links for the three articles
8arnWPZNBMY-01042-00296077-00296289 I'm going to be talking about here with
8arnWPZNBMY-01043-00296290-00296700 regard to pesticides an IPM in Malawi
8arnWPZNBMY-01044-00296701-00296940 farmers and extension agents were asking
8arnWPZNBMY-01045-00296941-00297105 for much more information to support
8arnWPZNBMY-01046-00297106-00297297 their decisions about pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-01047-00297298-00297546 selection and also much wider scale
8arnWPZNBMY-01048-00297547-00297828 education about pesticide risks but what
8arnWPZNBMY-01049-00297829-00298146 we noted most was gaps in the continuity
8arnWPZNBMY-01050-00298147-00298422 of information flow from researchers
8arnWPZNBMY-01051-00298423-00298773 even in centralized offices in Malawi
8arnWPZNBMY-01052-00298774-00299055 through extension to farmers because
8arnWPZNBMY-01053-00299056-00299232 there's no gas to put in the motorcycle
8arnWPZNBMY-01054-00299233-00299514 tanks to get extension workers out to
8arnWPZNBMY-01055-00299515-00299802 farmers so there's multiple issues that
8arnWPZNBMY-01056-00299803-00299958 need to be addressed some of them very
8arnWPZNBMY-01057-00299959-00300258 simple and not over expensive in order
8arnWPZNBMY-01058-00300259-00300468 to get information flowing for people
8arnWPZNBMY-01059-00300469-00300657 that are making the decisions that are
8arnWPZNBMY-01060-00300658-00301101 so critical work in Kenya which has now
8arnWPZNBMY-01061-00301102-00301341 be in the final stages of review has
8arnWPZNBMY-01062-00301342-00301524 revealed a very similar pattern are
8arnWPZNBMY-01063-00301525-00301779 those slightly altered practices farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01064-00301780-00302037 are using and so you can go to Katie's
8arnWPZNBMY-01065-00302038-00302217 reports and this one will be published
8arnWPZNBMY-01066-00302218-00302421 soon to look at what farmers are
8arnWPZNBMY-01067-00302422-00302580 employing against the wide array of
8arnWPZNBMY-01068-00302581-00302823 pests and diseases in maize not just
8arnWPZNBMY-01069-00302824-00303117 against fall army worm but again a lack
8arnWPZNBMY-01070-00303118-00303375 of capacity to understand pesticides and
8arnWPZNBMY-01071-00303376-00303549 how to apply them properly it's
8arnWPZNBMY-01072-00303550-00303819 something that's a major issue if we are
8arnWPZNBMY-01073-00303820-00304059 to argue that pesticides have a role in
8arnWPZNBMY-01074-00304060-00304719 fall army worm management so one thing
8arnWPZNBMY-01075-00304720-00304923 we've been doing around the world is to
8arnWPZNBMY-01076-00304924-00305208 ask pesticide dealers to line up the
8arnWPZNBMY-01077-00305209-00305502 chemicals farmers are buying and to tell
8arnWPZNBMY-01078-00305503-00305676 us which ones they consider to be most
8arnWPZNBMY-01079-00305677-00305868 efficacious and this is just one of a
8arnWPZNBMY-01080-00305869-00306063 number of dealers we visited in Malawi
8arnWPZNBMY-01081-00306064-00306477 and these pesticides include MMX embeds
8arnWPZNBMY-01082-00306478-00306723 navaids and Abram actin which have some
8arnWPZNBMY-01083-00306724-00306906 challenges for smallholder farmers in
8arnWPZNBMY-01084-00306907-00307092 health CERN's and some risks are natural
8arnWPZNBMY-01085-00307093-00307389 enemies but they also include delta
8arnWPZNBMY-01086-00307390-00307689 Metron and pro FINA for a very highly
8arnWPZNBMY-01087-00307690-00307968 toxic organophosphate pesticides which
8arnWPZNBMY-01088-00307969-00308139 is no longer used in the United States
8arnWPZNBMY-01089-00308140-00308349 my screen has frozen I can't advance
8arnWPZNBMY-01090-00308350-00308856 slides can you still hear me yes you can
8arnWPZNBMY-01091-00308857-00308988 just let us know when you want to
8arnWPZNBMY-01092-00308989-00309162 advance in your line for the next slide
8arnWPZNBMY-01093-00309163-00309651 please
8arnWPZNBMY-01094-00309652-00309867 I can't see the news Clyde come up my
8arnWPZNBMY-01095-00309868-00310182 screen has frozen yes it's the one that
8arnWPZNBMY-01096-00310183-00310704 say these so I'll ask you to describe
8arnWPZNBMY-01097-00310705-00310989 the slide for me and I'll just move on
8arnWPZNBMY-01098-00310990-00311148 through the end of my presentation okay
8arnWPZNBMY-01099-00311149-00311379 and then I think I'm locked out after
8arnWPZNBMY-01100-00311380-00311469 that
8arnWPZNBMY-01101-00311470-00311904 so pesticide impacts on natural enemies
8arnWPZNBMY-01102-00311905-00312087 are a thing I cannot deal with in detail
8arnWPZNBMY-01103-00312088-00312255 here but fall arm you have natural
8arnWPZNBMY-01104-00312256-00312426 enemies are far more exposed to
8arnWPZNBMY-01105-00312427-00312659 pesticides and fall army worm is and
8arnWPZNBMY-01106-00312660-00313050 care must be taken in when and what you
8arnWPZNBMY-01107-00313051-00313356 are treating with and using synthetic
8arnWPZNBMY-01108-00313357-00313608 pyrethroids meghana cross-phase isn't
8arnWPZNBMY-01109-00313609-00313842 long enough phosphate pesticides is not
8arnWPZNBMY-01110-00313843-00314124 compatible with IPM because you're
8arnWPZNBMY-01111-00314125-00314301 eliminating natural enemies that are
8arnWPZNBMY-01112-00314302-00314586 otherwise causing some pest limitation
8arnWPZNBMY-01113-00314587-00314813 next slide please
8arnWPZNBMY-01114-00314814-00315069 and I believe this shows a group of
8arnWPZNBMY-01115-00315070-00315273 smallholder farmers in Malawi who were
8arnWPZNBMY-01116-00315274-00315576 applying pesticides via buckets and a
8arnWPZNBMY-01117-00315577-00315867 brush dipped into the buckets and again
8arnWPZNBMY-01118-00315868-00316077 the chemicals available to these farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01119-00316078-00316302 they were reporting up to eight uses of
8arnWPZNBMY-01120-00316303-00316542 synthetic pyrethroids a year and up to
8arnWPZNBMY-01121-00316543-00316866 four uses of prophy no force and around
8arnWPZNBMY-01122-00316867-00317043 half to sixty percent of farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01123-00317044-00317274 reported using these pesticides and
8arnWPZNBMY-01124-00317275-00317517 protein apart in particular was causing
8arnWPZNBMY-01125-00317518-00317760 very severe health impacts to these
8arnWPZNBMY-01126-00317761-00318021 farmers and you can find this reported
8arnWPZNBMY-01127-00318022-00318183 in Casey's report and I'm going to have
8arnWPZNBMY-01128-00318184-00318402 to close out of a seminar and re-enter
8arnWPZNBMY-01129-00318403-00318534 in a couple of minutes and then I will
8arnWPZNBMY-01130-00318535-00319005 post links to these reports when I talk
8arnWPZNBMY-01131-00319006-00319200 is completed next slide please and can
8arnWPZNBMY-01132-00319201-00319955 you tell me what this is
8arnWPZNBMY-01133-00319956-00320399 hello it's reality that has a it's a
8arnWPZNBMY-01134-00320400-00320970 chart with colored boxes okay so one
8arnWPZNBMY-01135-00320971-00321225 thing we have done is to take the 50 or
8arnWPZNBMY-01136-00321226-00321405 60 pesticides and extremely
8arnWPZNBMY-01137-00321406-00321603 disappointingly I've never seen anything
8arnWPZNBMY-01138-00321604-00321888 like this we've filtered through the
8arnWPZNBMY-01139-00321889-00322068 different chemicals available going left
8arnWPZNBMY-01140-00322069-00322392 to right in this figure to isolate those
8arnWPZNBMY-01141-00322393-00322608 that's a low risk and appropriate for
8arnWPZNBMY-01142-00322609-00322773 smallholder farmer use in the
8arnWPZNBMY-01143-00322774-00323031 marketplace and have efficacy against
8arnWPZNBMY-01144-00323032-00323235 fall army worm which was already known
8arnWPZNBMY-01145-00323236-00323472 and is being confirmed in much research
8arnWPZNBMY-01146-00323473-00323745 that is now ongoing and much of which is
8arnWPZNBMY-01147-00323746-00324018 already being published I find it
8arnWPZNBMY-01148-00324019-00324222 incredibly disappointing that seven out
8arnWPZNBMY-01149-00324223-00324453 of 56 pesticides that are on sale in
8arnWPZNBMY-01150-00324454-00324732 Africa are actually appropriate for
8arnWPZNBMY-01151-00324733-00324972 smallholder farmer use and again it's
8arnWPZNBMY-01152-00324973-00325137 something that many of us on the call
8arnWPZNBMY-01153-00325138-00325332 could address in our different systems
8arnWPZNBMY-01154-00325333-00325581 and programs and networks to simply do
8arnWPZNBMY-01155-00325582-00325779 better with next slide please
8arnWPZNBMY-01156-00325780-00326022 and I believe this might show a set of
8arnWPZNBMY-01157-00326023-00326199 publications I'm trying to complete now
8arnWPZNBMY-01158-00326200-00326310 Rob as quick as I can
8arnWPZNBMY-01159-00326311-00326748 that's fine right so one thing we've
8arnWPZNBMY-01160-00326749-00326961 done is to publish our work in very
8arnWPZNBMY-01161-00326962-00327219 high-impact journals to subject it to
8arnWPZNBMY-01162-00327220-00327660 high levels of peer review and we have
8arnWPZNBMY-01163-00327661-00327882 published a set of models and approaches
8arnWPZNBMY-01164-00327883-00328113 to evaluating pesticide risks as well as
8arnWPZNBMY-01165-00328114-00328407 efficacy in our latest article so that
8arnWPZNBMY-01166-00328408-00328722 you can have a guide through pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-01167-00328723-00328992 selection that is not simply based upon
8arnWPZNBMY-01168-00328993-00329307 lines of bottles on a shelf in a
8arnWPZNBMY-01169-00329308-00329709 dealer's store and so again bearing in
8arnWPZNBMY-01170-00329710-00329832 mind that protective clothing
8arnWPZNBMY-01171-00329833-00330051 performance is not widely available in
8arnWPZNBMY-01172-00330052-00330270 affordable and unhealthy to use because
8arnWPZNBMY-01173-00330271-00330507 of heat pressure this should guide us
8arnWPZNBMY-01174-00330508-00330669 the chemicals that are appropriate for
8arnWPZNBMY-01175-00330670-00330945 smallholder farmer use and there are low
8arnWPZNBMY-01176-00330946-00331188 risk materials that but to weigh against
8arnWPZNBMY-01177-00331189-00331575 which fall army worm is susceptible next
8arnWPZNBMY-01178-00331576-00331638 slide please
8arnWPZNBMY-01179-00331639-00331947 and I believe this shows the large table
8arnWPZNBMY-01180-00331948-00332163 correct me if it doesn't but in the top
8arnWPZNBMY-01181-00332164-00332409 right hand corner of the table of those
8arnWPZNBMY-01182-00332410-00332634 seven products and it includes natural
8arnWPZNBMY-01183-00332635-00332856 products that are sold as commercial
8arnWPZNBMY-01184-00332857-00333105 pesticide formulations and can also be
8arnWPZNBMY-01185-00333106-00333303 concocted by farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01186-00333304-00333483 example neem is an extremely effective
8arnWPZNBMY-01187-00333484-00333711 pesticide against small army worm it
8arnWPZNBMY-01188-00333712-00333864 includes one of the bacillus
8arnWPZNBMY-01189-00333865-00334349 thuringiensis species or subspecies and
8arnWPZNBMY-01190-00334350-00334671 also compounds such as flora and fauna
8arnWPZNBMY-01191-00334672-00334932 lip roll which is a synthetic pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-01192-00334933-00335109 but it's tremely effective against all I
8arnWPZNBMY-01193-00335110-00335292 knew I'm not very toxic to natural
8arnWPZNBMY-01194-00335293-00335520 enemies so there are alternatives out
8arnWPZNBMY-01195-00335521-00336542 there next slide please
8arnWPZNBMY-01196-00336543-00336909 barriers to IPM adoption yeah so I just
8arnWPZNBMY-01197-00336910-00337062 want to thank you everybody for
8arnWPZNBMY-01198-00337063-00337125 listening
8arnWPZNBMY-01199-00337126-00337335 I'll leave the seminar and re-enter and
8arnWPZNBMY-01200-00337336-00337542 try and post access to these articles
8arnWPZNBMY-01201-00337543-00337815 one thing we have done under USAID and
8arnWPZNBMY-01202-00337816-00338019 USDA for our next service sponsorship is
8arnWPZNBMY-01203-00338020-00338289 to publish for the first time a rigorous
8arnWPZNBMY-01204-00338290-00338553 scientifically based comparative summary
8arnWPZNBMY-01205-00338554-00338835 of the risks and hazards posed by over
8arnWPZNBMY-01206-00338836-00339150 650 commonly available pesticides so
8arnWPZNBMY-01207-00339151-00339342 there is the basis in this work for you
8arnWPZNBMY-01208-00339343-00339642 to select chemicals independently and to
8arnWPZNBMY-01209-00339643-00339918 make use of this information and in
8arnWPZNBMY-01210-00339919-00340173 trying next time an invasive pest
8arnWPZNBMY-01211-00340174-00340401 appears or during this present outbreak
8arnWPZNBMY-01212-00340402-00340626 for select materials that are of low
8arnWPZNBMY-01213-00340627-00340857 risks of farmers and natural enemies and
8arnWPZNBMY-01214-00340858-00341142 other environmental compartments as well
8arnWPZNBMY-01215-00341143-00341349 as offering some efficacy that you can
8arnWPZNBMY-01216-00341350-00341669 determine with local trials and with our
8arnWPZNBMY-01217-00341670-00341952 gathering experience but thank you so
8arnWPZNBMY-01218-00341953-00342204 much for listening and I'm sorry about
8arnWPZNBMY-01219-00342205-00342375 the small technical difficulties but I
8arnWPZNBMY-01220-00342376-00342570 don't think it's affected you too much
8arnWPZNBMY-01221-00342571-00342927 thank you everybody thank you Paul for
8arnWPZNBMY-01222-00342928-00343200 that really great presentation and I
8arnWPZNBMY-01223-00343201-00343386 want to link together the last two
8arnWPZNBMY-01224-00343387-00343668 presentations both of them underscored
8arnWPZNBMY-01225-00343669-00343956 the importance of policy in terms of
8arnWPZNBMY-01226-00343957-00344178 what is available for farmers and giving
8arnWPZNBMY-01227-00344179-00344439 farmers the widest and best array of
8arnWPZNBMY-01228-00344440-00344747 choices be it around seeds
8arnWPZNBMY-01229-00344748-00345302 BT or pesticides and working on
8arnWPZNBMY-01230-00345303-00345693 effective science-based regulatory and
8arnWPZNBMY-01231-00345694-00345984 efficient regulatory procedures is an
8arnWPZNBMY-01232-00345985-00346202 important complement to the kinds of
8arnWPZNBMY-01233-00346203-00346446 technologic technologies that we've just
8arnWPZNBMY-01234-00346447-00346675 been hearing about from our speakers so
8arnWPZNBMY-01235-00346676-00346837 not going to take a question because
8arnWPZNBMY-01236-00346838-00347125 we're at time but we will come back and
8arnWPZNBMY-01237-00347126-00347296 hopefully call you'll be back in with us
8arnWPZNBMY-01238-00347297-00347488 and our next speaker who has just
8arnWPZNBMY-01239-00347489-00347803 appeared is Sarah Paige and Sarah is
8arnWPZNBMY-01240-00347804-00348004 going to round out this discussion today
8arnWPZNBMY-01241-00348005-00348370 by bringing it all together at the level
8arnWPZNBMY-01242-00348371-00348742 of how do you actually work in farmer
8arnWPZNBMY-01243-00348743-00349069 context in the context of fields natural
8arnWPZNBMY-01244-00349070-00349351 resource management markets and value
8arnWPZNBMY-01245-00349352-00349657 chains so Sarah is the advisor a
8arnWPZNBMY-01246-00349658-00349858 technical adviser for sustainable
8arnWPZNBMY-01247-00349859-00350065 livelihoods and landscapes at Catholic
8arnWPZNBMY-01248-00350066-00350308 Relief Services and Sarah we're really
8arnWPZNBMY-01249-00350309-00350590 delighted to have you come as sort of
8arnWPZNBMY-01250-00350591-00351007 the integrator for all of the specific
8arnWPZNBMY-01251-00351008-00351316 and sort of technical information we've
8arnWPZNBMY-01252-00351317-00351529 had and how does this play out I think
8arnWPZNBMY-01253-00351530-00351711 you're going to help us understand that
8arnWPZNBMY-01254-00351712-00352051 over to you all right thank you Rob can
8arnWPZNBMY-01255-00352052-00352483 you join me okay perfectly ok great so
8arnWPZNBMY-01256-00352484-00352720 I'm gonna dive into our case study which
8arnWPZNBMY-01257-00352721-00352927 focused on communication strategies and
8arnWPZNBMY-01258-00352928-00353140 effects on full army were management in
8arnWPZNBMY-01259-00353141-00353554 Uganda the impetus for this study came
8arnWPZNBMY-01260-00353555-00353725 from a concern that insufficient
8arnWPZNBMY-01261-00353726-00353893 information was getting to different
8arnWPZNBMY-01262-00353894-00354133 birth firmers bigness and from an
8arnWPZNBMY-01263-00354134-00354262 interest in exploring two-way
8arnWPZNBMY-01264-00354263-00354448 communication channel to disseminate
8arnWPZNBMY-01265-00354449-00354679 information to farmers while also giving
8arnWPZNBMY-01266-00354680-00354874 them a voice and this was all in order
8arnWPZNBMY-01267-00354875-00355030 to improve whole army were in response
8arnWPZNBMY-01268-00355031-00355237 and the adoption of management practices
8arnWPZNBMY-01269-00355238-00355480 among different stakeholders so Uganda
8arnWPZNBMY-01270-00355481-00355651 was chosen as the site for this case
8arnWPZNBMY-01271-00355652-00355875 study in part because of the coordinated
8arnWPZNBMY-01272-00355876-00356092 communications campaign and blended
8arnWPZNBMY-01273-00356093-00356284 implemented in that country which was
8arnWPZNBMY-01274-00356285-00356419 led by the Ministry of Agriculture
8arnWPZNBMY-01275-00356420-00356575 animal industry and Fisheries
8arnWPZNBMY-01276-00356576-00356788 incarnation with a national level task
8arnWPZNBMY-01277-00356789-00357046 force so our study has been four main
8arnWPZNBMY-01278-00357047-00357256 questions that looked at farmer access
8arnWPZNBMY-01279-00357257-00357496 to information the adopted management
8arnWPZNBMY-01280-00357497-00357745 practices the results of those practices
8arnWPZNBMY-01281-00357746-00357967 and how farmers communicated back to the
8arnWPZNBMY-01282-00357968-00359092 system so we conducted the study
8arnWPZNBMY-01283-00359093-00359389 so we conducted the study in three
8arnWPZNBMY-01284-00359390-00359560 districts of Uganda and point a
8arnWPZNBMY-01285-00359561-00359746 mixed-methods approach to data
8arnWPZNBMY-01286-00359747-00360001 collection respondents were then posed
8arnWPZNBMY-01287-00360002-00360205 categorized into wealth quartiles and
8arnWPZNBMY-01288-00360206-00360340 there is a negative correlation between
8arnWPZNBMY-01289-00360341-00360655 gender and wealth with more women being
8arnWPZNBMY-01290-00360656-00360937 in the lower poorer wealth quartiles so
8arnWPZNBMY-01291-00360938-00361228 for each of the main study questions I'm
8arnWPZNBMY-01292-00361229-00361411 going to quickly present some of the key
8arnWPZNBMY-01293-00361412-00361657 results and then I'm going to jump right
8arnWPZNBMY-01294-00361658-00361813 in to some of the conclusions and
8arnWPZNBMY-01295-00361814-00361999 recommendations related to that topic
8arnWPZNBMY-01296-00362000-00362203 and then I'll summarize some of the main
8arnWPZNBMY-01297-00362204-00362536 takeaways at the end so first how are
8arnWPZNBMY-01298-00362537-00362716 farmers getting their information about
8arnWPZNBMY-01299-00362717-00362944 fall armyworms we saw that there was a
8arnWPZNBMY-01300-00362945-00363148 relationship between wealth and gender
8arnWPZNBMY-01301-00363149-00363394 and information access so poorer farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01302-00363395-00363625 and women access fewer information
8arnWPZNBMY-01303-00363626-00363844 sources and most are really relying on
8arnWPZNBMY-01304-00363845-00364000 secondhand information through their
8arnWPZNBMY-01305-00364001-00364315 social networks farmers groups were the
8arnWPZNBMY-01306-00364316-00364510 preferred source of information because
8arnWPZNBMY-01307-00364511-00364693 of accessibility and the perceived
8arnWPZNBMY-01308-00364694-00364975 trustworthiness of that information so
8arnWPZNBMY-01309-00364976-00365134 groups allowed people to collectively
8arnWPZNBMY-01310-00365135-00365428 validate what they're hearing and the
8arnWPZNBMY-01311-00365429-00365584 information source tended to differ
8arnWPZNBMY-01312-00365585-00365758 somewhat depending on the aspect of
8arnWPZNBMY-01313-00365759-00366022 similar one control so for example
8arnWPZNBMY-01314-00366023-00366283 extension markers agro dealers and radio
8arnWPZNBMY-01315-00366284-00366592 source we saw were more widely used for
8arnWPZNBMY-01316-00366593-00366745 accessing information about synthetic
8arnWPZNBMY-01317-00366746-00367015 pesticides more so than for other non
8arnWPZNBMY-01318-00367016-00367288 chemical control measures and also with
8arnWPZNBMY-01319-00367289-00367516 the exception of radio we saw that there
8arnWPZNBMY-01320-00367517-00367741 was limited use of ICTs especially by
8arnWPZNBMY-01321-00367742-00367948 poorer farmers which relates to lack of
8arnWPZNBMY-01322-00367949-00368179 ownership of devices that would then
8arnWPZNBMY-01323-00368180-00368620 facilitate access to those channels so
8arnWPZNBMY-01324-00368621-00368845 based on those results how can we then
8arnWPZNBMY-01325-00368846-00369022 better facilitate access to information
8arnWPZNBMY-01326-00369023-00369346 across different farmer segment IC T's
8arnWPZNBMY-01327-00369347-00369520 offers great potential to build
8arnWPZNBMY-01328-00369521-00369730 awareness of a technology at pet
8arnWPZNBMY-01329-00369731-00369949 pests but should be used as a complement
8arnWPZNBMY-01330-00369950-00370177 not necessarily a central feature and
8arnWPZNBMY-01331-00370178-00370342 although ownership of basic cell phones
8arnWPZNBMY-01332-00370343-00370519 weaving smartphones is growing there's
8arnWPZNBMY-01333-00370520-00370717 still a large percentage of farmers who
8arnWPZNBMY-01334-00370718-00370887 don't have access to those devices
8arnWPZNBMY-01335-00370888-00371155 therefore there's I need to identify ICT
8arnWPZNBMY-01336-00371156-00371398 connectors such as youth or lead farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01337-00371399-00371584 who have access to technologies and
8arnWPZNBMY-01338-00371585-00371773 could bridge that digital divide and
8arnWPZNBMY-01339-00371774-00372003 also cross language barriers
8arnWPZNBMY-01340-00372004-00372171 and we know that there is a lot of good
8arnWPZNBMY-01341-00372172-00372351 works being done in this state but the
8arnWPZNBMY-01342-00372352-00372555 debt the data suggests that more more
8arnWPZNBMY-01343-00372556-00372828 could be done and if groups are
8arnWPZNBMY-01344-00372829-00372999 essential platform to access information
8arnWPZNBMY-01345-00373000-00373189 we need to ensure that those groups are
8arnWPZNBMY-01346-00373190-00373387 both inclusive of women and poor farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01347-00373388-00373540 and I'll talk a little bit later how
8arnWPZNBMY-01348-00373541-00373687 those groups would look differently to
8arnWPZNBMY-01349-00373688-00373868 better facilitate information sharing
8arnWPZNBMY-01350-00373869-00374529 innovation and feedback so next what
8arnWPZNBMY-01351-00374530-00374733 practices were farmers implementing and
8arnWPZNBMY-01352-00374734-00374904 what were the results of those practices
8arnWPZNBMY-01353-00374905-00375096 so the information campaign was
8arnWPZNBMY-01354-00375097-00375306 effective in changing farmer behaviors
8arnWPZNBMY-01355-00375307-00375538 as an example the majority of farmers we
8arnWPZNBMY-01356-00375539-00375735 spoke with we're using chemical
8arnWPZNBMY-01357-00375736-00375906 pesticides to control full or nywhere
8arnWPZNBMY-01358-00375907-00376131 which is a departure for common from
8arnWPZNBMY-01359-00376132-00376287 common maize production practices
8arnWPZNBMY-01360-00376288-00376537 previously there was also a slight
8arnWPZNBMY-01361-00376538-00376710 reduction in maize yield loss following
8arnWPZNBMY-01362-00376711-00376908 the campaign however yields and not
8arnWPZNBMY-01363-00376909-00377073 balance to active pre fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-01364-00377074-00377220 levels and there could be many factors
8arnWPZNBMY-01365-00377221-00377445 contributing to this such as a steep
8arnWPZNBMY-01366-00377446-00377616 learning curve associated with the use
8arnWPZNBMY-01367-00377617-00377844 of pesticides the need to continue to
8arnWPZNBMY-01368-00377845-00378057 focus on good agricultural practices and
8arnWPZNBMY-01369-00378058-00378238 then also some of those issues with
8arnWPZNBMY-01370-00378239-00378589 assessing yields that Joe mentioned
8arnWPZNBMY-01371-00378590-00378867 earlier on and poorest farmers were more
8arnWPZNBMY-01372-00378868-00379063 likely to adopt practices or follow
8arnWPZNBMY-01373-00379064-00379278 guidelines that are not cash dependent
8arnWPZNBMY-01374-00379279-00379513 such as targeted pesticide application
8arnWPZNBMY-01375-00379514-00379719 and spraying at the correct time of day
8arnWPZNBMY-01376-00379720-00379939 versus those aspects of control that did
8arnWPZNBMY-01377-00379940-00380166 require a cash input and this suggests
8arnWPZNBMY-01378-00380167-00380370 that costs for different full and we're
8arnWPZNBMY-01379-00380371-00380631 all marine worms control practices can
8arnWPZNBMY-01380-00380632-00380839 be prohibitive for some farmers and we
8arnWPZNBMY-01381-00380840-00381021 also have some evidence of misuse of
8arnWPZNBMY-01382-00381022-00381466 synthetic pesticides we also found that
8arnWPZNBMY-01383-00381467-00381675 farmers especially corn farmers are
8arnWPZNBMY-01384-00381676-00381882 still preceding fall army worm SS right
8arnWPZNBMY-01385-00381883-00382066 and this is likely linked to an
8arnWPZNBMY-01386-00382067-00382281 inability to save for the purchase of
8arnWPZNBMY-01387-00382282-00382588 Texas's which with some farmers that we
8arnWPZNBMY-01388-00382589-00382789 spoke with was really viewed as the main
8arnWPZNBMY-01389-00382790-00383900 or the most effective control measure
8arnWPZNBMY-01390-00383901-00385092 so
8arnWPZNBMY-01391-00385093-00385280 so how can we support farmers to improve
8arnWPZNBMY-01392-00385281-00385454 management of fall armyworms
8arnWPZNBMY-01393-00385455-00385655 there is wide variation and use of
8arnWPZNBMY-01394-00385656-00385829 chemical pesticides which suggest that
8arnWPZNBMY-01395-00385830-00385998 much more work needs to be done to
8arnWPZNBMY-01396-00385999-00386175 support the ability of service providers
8arnWPZNBMY-01397-00386176-00386435 to give better more specific information
8arnWPZNBMY-01398-00386436-00386613 and that can be a really complicated
8arnWPZNBMY-01399-00386614-00386831 message we'll need different ways of
8arnWPZNBMY-01400-00386832-00387087 getting that information to farmers and
8arnWPZNBMY-01401-00387088-00387230 need to think about how best to layer
8arnWPZNBMY-01402-00387231-00387525 sequence that information an information
8arnWPZNBMY-01403-00387526-00387678 campaign should be designed to better
8arnWPZNBMY-01404-00387679-00387884 reflect the diversity of contexts and
8arnWPZNBMY-01405-00387885-00388085 respond to farmer segments and when
8arnWPZNBMY-01406-00388086-00388307 possible offers different tailored
8arnWPZNBMY-01407-00388308-00388629 approaches or different sets of messages
8arnWPZNBMY-01408-00388630-00388887 depending on different skill levels and
8arnWPZNBMY-01409-00388888-00389091 economic levels and Jan and his talk
8arnWPZNBMY-01410-00389092-00389265 mentioned the perfect example related to
8arnWPZNBMY-01411-00389266-00389475 layering information about scouting
8arnWPZNBMY-01412-00389476-00389718 depending on the audience and we should
8arnWPZNBMY-01413-00389719-00389909 also help farmers to better understand
8arnWPZNBMY-01414-00389910-00390153 the full economic cost of adopting or
8arnWPZNBMY-01415-00390154-00390297 not adopting different management
8arnWPZNBMY-01416-00390298-00390540 practices and this requires helping to
8arnWPZNBMY-01417-00390541-00390963 understand the expected cost and returns
8arnWPZNBMY-01418-00390964-00391109 and requires a certain level of
8arnWPZNBMY-01419-00391110-00391409 financial education it looks like I
8arnWPZNBMY-01420-00391410-00391614 can't see the presentation so please let
8arnWPZNBMY-01421-00391615-00391892 me know if it's continuing and and
8arnWPZNBMY-01422-00391893-00392271 please advance to the next slide yeah
8arnWPZNBMY-01423-00392272-00392453 I'm not seeing your slide at this point
8arnWPZNBMY-01424-00392454-00392670 Sarah something too not sure what
8arnWPZNBMY-01425-00392671-00393099 happened oh yes we're restoring it that
8arnWPZNBMY-01426-00393100-00393876 opera started somebody we saw that
8arnWPZNBMY-01427-00393877-00394068 farmers are actively experimenting but
8arnWPZNBMY-01428-00394069-00394242 there's little documentation or Co
8arnWPZNBMY-01429-00394243-00394428 validation of those practices and
8arnWPZNBMY-01430-00394429-00394628 learning and feedback cycles were
8arnWPZNBMY-01431-00394629-00394875 somewhat weak there was some but limited
8arnWPZNBMY-01432-00394876-00395156 evidence of how farmers feedback was
8arnWPZNBMY-01433-00395157-00395343 being used to influence changes to
8arnWPZNBMY-01434-00395344-00395541 programming and policy and this suggests
8arnWPZNBMY-01435-00395542-00395721 that continued top-down approach to
8arnWPZNBMY-01436-00395722-00395997 extension and lastly there was limited
8arnWPZNBMY-01437-00395998-00396209 use of ICTs to provide feedback or
8arnWPZNBMY-01438-00396210-00396396 solicit more information even though we
8arnWPZNBMY-01439-00396397-00396615 do know that there is work being done in
8arnWPZNBMY-01440-00396616-00397017 that space using those tools so to
8arnWPZNBMY-01441-00397018-00397212 strengthen farmer feedback loops we need
8arnWPZNBMY-01442-00397213-00397382 to continue to advance research on
8arnWPZNBMY-01443-00397383-00397587 efficacy of farmer derived approaches in
8arnWPZNBMY-01444-00397588-00397859 a participatory way and update content
8arnWPZNBMY-01445-00397860-00398105 using an iterative process looks like it
8arnWPZNBMY-01446-00398106-00398282 happened again well I'll just keep going
8arnWPZNBMY-01447-00398283-00398440 that incorporates new learning
8arnWPZNBMY-01448-00398441-00398665 in evidence but also incorporates
8arnWPZNBMY-01449-00398666-00398974 farmers perspectives on how they are not
8arnWPZNBMY-01450-00398975-00399190 using information and farmer feedback
8arnWPZNBMY-01451-00399191-00399319 loops could be strengthened by
8arnWPZNBMY-01452-00399320-00399520 repositioning extension workers as
8arnWPZNBMY-01453-00399521-00399776 facilitators rather than experts and
8arnWPZNBMY-01454-00399777-00400045 participatory efficacy testing is a way
8arnWPZNBMY-01455-00400046-00400275 to improve innovation and problems of
8arnWPZNBMY-01456-00400276-00400425 skills so that farmers can be more
8arnWPZNBMY-01457-00400426-00400669 self-reliant and this can be done in a
8arnWPZNBMY-01458-00400670-00400875 farmer learning center model and this
8arnWPZNBMY-01459-00400876-00401038 model differs from kind of a traditional
8arnWPZNBMY-01460-00401039-00401430 farmers group in that they focus not on
8arnWPZNBMY-01461-00401431-00401676 the top-down training cascade but on
8arnWPZNBMY-01462-00401677-00401904 providing spaces to get together to work
8arnWPZNBMY-01463-00401905-00402108 on technical information and the
8arnWPZNBMY-01464-00402109-00402364 hands-on way so so that farmers can
8arnWPZNBMY-01465-00402365-00402534 better manage the innovation and
8arnWPZNBMY-01466-00402535-00402763 learning process themselves and I'm not
8arnWPZNBMY-01467-00402764-00402957 sure if I'm out of time but just to
8arnWPZNBMY-01468-00402958-00403198 highlight some of the main takeaways
8arnWPZNBMY-01469-00403199-00403462 once a move once again is that pesticide
8arnWPZNBMY-01470-00403463-00403720 use we saw is widespread amongst the
8arnWPZNBMY-01471-00403721-00403983 respondents but farmers and other actors
8arnWPZNBMY-01472-00403984-00404175 need more specific information that
8arnWPZNBMY-01473-00404176-00404433 certain decision points and ICTs offer
8arnWPZNBMY-01474-00404434-00404658 immense opportunity to scale information
8arnWPZNBMY-01475-00404659-00404794 dissemination but there's still an
8arnWPZNBMY-01476-00404795-00404988 important place for farmers groups and
8arnWPZNBMY-01477-00404989-00405276 face-to-face interactions and the
8arnWPZNBMY-01478-00405277-00405448 information flow continues to be
8arnWPZNBMY-01479-00405449-00405721 top-down with limited evidence of
8arnWPZNBMY-01480-00405722-00405903 effective feedback mechanisms and this
8arnWPZNBMY-01481-00405904-00406077 indicates an opportunity to better
8arnWPZNBMY-01482-00406078-00406284 leverage farmer learning and innovation
8arnWPZNBMY-01483-00406285-00406524 and just lastly information to campaign
8arnWPZNBMY-01484-00406525-00406663 should be iterative and reflect the
8arnWPZNBMY-01485-00406664-00406846 birth context and realities of different
8arnWPZNBMY-01486-00406847-00407140 farmer states and with battle and thank
8arnWPZNBMY-01487-00407141-00407422 you there's my contact
8arnWPZNBMY-01488-00407423-00407623 thank you Sarah that was just terrific
8arnWPZNBMY-01489-00407624-00407877 and you really love it all together for
8arnWPZNBMY-01490-00407878-00408115 us in terms of how how this all plays
8arnWPZNBMY-01491-00408116-00408483 out in farmer's fields I think I I just
8arnWPZNBMY-01492-00408484-00408814 want to flag how critical the issue of
8arnWPZNBMY-01493-00408815-00409200 knowledge and information is the and
8arnWPZNBMY-01494-00409201-00409372 we've heard that all through the morning
8arnWPZNBMY-01495-00409373-00409630 and then now to hear how it actually
8arnWPZNBMY-01496-00409631-00409828 plays out and the importance of wealth
8arnWPZNBMY-01497-00409829-00410220 of gender and of ability to use I see
8arnWPZNBMY-01498-00410221-00410424 tees and also the tremendous potential
8arnWPZNBMY-01499-00410425-00410691 to use them in two-way flows in going
8arnWPZNBMY-01500-00410692-00410928 forward so with that we're going to turn
8arnWPZNBMY-01501-00410929-00411157 into the open discussion now there's
8arnWPZNBMY-01502-00411158-00411447 been a really active chatbox and many
8arnWPZNBMY-01503-00411448-00411730 many questions Zachary I I hate to
8arnWPZNBMY-01504-00411731-00411807 burden you but
8arnWPZNBMY-01505-00411808-00412047 you can you start us on this process
8arnWPZNBMY-01506-00412049-00412522 please in to answer these so many great
8arnWPZNBMY-01507-00412522-00412780 questions that are coming in sure Robin
8arnWPZNBMY-01508-00412781-00413118 yes the second bat the chat box has been
8arnWPZNBMY-01509-00413120-00413325 quite phenomenal everyone has been
8arnWPZNBMY-01510-00413326-00413568 asking questions sharing their
8arnWPZNBMY-01511-00413570-00413749 experiences sharing their knowledge is
8arnWPZNBMY-01512-00413750-00413977 greatly appreciated so thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-01513-00413978-00414121 everyone will try to get through as many
8arnWPZNBMY-01514-00414122-00414451 as possible for a first question for
8arnWPZNBMY-01515-00414452-00414925 Sarah from bossy boring best were there
8arnWPZNBMY-01516-00414926-00414991 challenges
8arnWPZNBMY-01517-00414992-00415297 amongst farmers on access to ICT on
8arnWPZNBMY-01518-00415297-00415584 their smartphone in terms of network
8arnWPZNBMY-01519-00415585-00415804 coverage and access to continuous data
8arnWPZNBMY-01520-00415805-00416080 bundles on their mobile phones if so how
8arnWPZNBMY-01521-00416081-00416482 did you overcome this that's a good
8arnWPZNBMY-01522-00416483-00416832 question and I think related to the the
8arnWPZNBMY-01523-00416833-00417187 issues with smartphones is actually the
8arnWPZNBMY-01524-00417188-00417427 vast majority of farmers that we
8arnWPZNBMY-01525-00417428-00417630 interviewed did not actually have
8arnWPZNBMY-01526-00417631-00417972 ownership of a smartphone and then we
8arnWPZNBMY-01527-00417974-00418150 didn't unfortunately get into those
8arnWPZNBMY-01528-00418151-00418459 details related to coverage but that's a
8arnWPZNBMY-01529-00418460-00418639 good question that was was an oversight
8arnWPZNBMY-01530-00418639-00418797 if you know there's probably many
8arnWPZNBMY-01531-00418799-00418993 factors contributing to white farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01532-00418993-00419350 don't have readily you know available
8arnWPZNBMY-01533-00419351-00419689 youth but I would say for my own
8arnWPZNBMY-01534-00419689-00419868 experience in most of the places where
8arnWPZNBMY-01535-00419870-00420066 we conducted the survey that there was
8arnWPZNBMY-01536-00420067-00420466 coverage with perhaps a few exceptions
8arnWPZNBMY-01537-00420467-00421156 thank you thank you for another question
8arnWPZNBMY-01538-00421157-00421818 for Prasanna from barbara cologne e no
8arnWPZNBMY-01539-00421820-00422160 and sorry cao lu e are there available
8arnWPZNBMY-01540-00422162-00422418 insect resistant management protocols
8arnWPZNBMY-01541-00422420-00422887 for the use of BT corn against all army
8arnWPZNBMY-01542-00422888-00423760 worm you spawn yes there are there are
8arnWPZNBMY-01543-00423760-00424102 protocols for managing the BT corn to
8arnWPZNBMY-01544-00424103-00424343 delay the insect resistance and
8arnWPZNBMY-01545-00424345-00424707 information on the BT maize has been
8arnWPZNBMY-01546-00424708-00425018 available through a follow-me vom IPM
8arnWPZNBMY-01547-00425020-00425433 manual for Africa and another and follow
8arnWPZNBMY-01548-00425434-00425718 another on Asia for the Asia is coming
8arnWPZNBMY-01549-00425718-00425943 up soon it's in the process of
8arnWPZNBMY-01550-00425943-00426164 preparation but there is a comprehensive
8arnWPZNBMY-01551-00426166-00426417 chapter on host plant resistance
8arnWPZNBMY-01552-00426418-00426720 covering both native genetic resistance
8arnWPZNBMY-01553-00426721-00427200 and the BT base resistance in our 2018
8arnWPZNBMY-01554-00427201-00428064 release IPM manual for Africa thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-01555-00428064-00428382 another question for a question for Dan
8arnWPZNBMY-01556-00428383-00429092 or Joe from Abu Yama it could be or the
8arnWPZNBMY-01557-00429093-00429342 International Center of insect and
8arnWPZNBMY-01558-00429343-00429785 physiology and ecology is promoting the
8arnWPZNBMY-01559-00429787-00430010 push-pull technology to control pharma
8arnWPZNBMY-01560-00430012-00430359 fall army worm how do you compare that
8arnWPZNBMY-01561-00430360-00431031 approach to gap JP q oh sure let's take
8arnWPZNBMY-01562-00431032-00431178 a stab at it and then turn it over to
8arnWPZNBMY-01563-00431179-00431703 you you know Dana go ahead intercropping
8arnWPZNBMY-01564-00431704-00431918 and push-pull systems clearly have a
8arnWPZNBMY-01565-00431920-00432195 place in the suite of strategies we have
8arnWPZNBMY-01566-00432196-00432453 for managing fall army worm I think
8arnWPZNBMY-01567-00432454-00432609 they're particularly relevant the
8arnWPZNBMY-01568-00432610-00432810 push-pull system for smallholder farmers
8arnWPZNBMY-01569-00432810-00432972 especially those that are raising
8arnWPZNBMY-01570-00432972-00433460 livestock it's both the gap the suite of
8arnWPZNBMY-01571-00433462-00433659 activities associated with good
8arnWPZNBMY-01572-00433660-00433950 agricultural practices and push-pull
8arnWPZNBMY-01573-00433951-00434235 systems require major changes in the way
8arnWPZNBMY-01574-00434235-00434481 we grow maize and I think that may be
8arnWPZNBMY-01575-00434482-00434727 something we need to look at the only
8arnWPZNBMY-01576-00434728-00435062 cautionary note I would offer is that I
8arnWPZNBMY-01577-00435063-00435441 haven't seen much data about cob damage
8arnWPZNBMY-01578-00435442-00435816 in push-pull systems and I'm a little
8arnWPZNBMY-01579-00435817-00436059 bit nervous about whether the push-pull
8arnWPZNBMY-01580-00436060-00436335 systems will when you have a situation
8arnWPZNBMY-01581-00436335-00436551 where you have high egg-laying pressure
8arnWPZNBMY-01582-00436552-00436991 at first tassel and the weather is dry
8arnWPZNBMY-01583-00436992-00437214 whether the push-pull systems will
8arnWPZNBMY-01584-00437214-00437829 protect against cob damage Joe thanks
8arnWPZNBMY-01585-00437830-00437885 Dan
8arnWPZNBMY-01586-00437885-00438299 I would only add a couple of points the
8arnWPZNBMY-01587-00438300-00438626 the basic level of gap which includes
8arnWPZNBMY-01588-00438627-00439007 use of fertilizer good quality seed and
8arnWPZNBMY-01589-00439008-00439307 soil pH adjustments should be something
8arnWPZNBMY-01590-00439308-00439693 all farmers should use if you then step
8arnWPZNBMY-01591-00439694-00439939 up the level of complexity to a process
8arnWPZNBMY-01592-00439940-00440314 like push-pull or intercropping as Dan
8arnWPZNBMY-01593-00440315-00440630 said never mentioned you have to
8arnWPZNBMY-01594-00440631-00440828 consider the complexity for the farmer
8arnWPZNBMY-01595-00440829-00441104 it is harder to implement which means
8arnWPZNBMY-01596-00441105-00441407 it's more difficult to scale and thus is
8arnWPZNBMY-01597-00441408-00441722 probably not as sustainable it doesn't
8arnWPZNBMY-01598-00441722-00441989 mean that it's not usable but it's
8arnWPZNBMY-01599-00441989-00442216 something you have to consider when you
8arnWPZNBMY-01600-00442217-00442489 promote that to a farmer most farmers as
8arnWPZNBMY-01601-00442490-00442909 Sarah pointed out earlier can be like
8arnWPZNBMY-01602-00442910-00443174 mitigation processes that are single
8arnWPZNBMY-01603-00443175-00443531 point or somewhere that are simple so
8arnWPZNBMY-01604-00443532-00443759 just may just ensure that when you're
8arnWPZNBMY-01605-00443760-00443995 implementing those types of programs you
8arnWPZNBMY-01606-00443996-00444347 consider those factors in your decision
8arnWPZNBMY-01607-00444347-00445020 process over great Zachary next question
8arnWPZNBMY-01608-00445021-00445379 so next question is for you Rob we've
8arnWPZNBMY-01609-00445380-00445589 had several questions around the
8arnWPZNBMY-01610-00445589-00446024 approval of GM technology in Africa and
8arnWPZNBMY-01611-00446025-00446300 would want to get your comments on it as
8arnWPZNBMY-01612-00446301-00446579 an example Mary Asante had the question
8arnWPZNBMY-01613-00446580-00446845 of how do we get BT maize to the
8arnWPZNBMY-01614-00446846-00447107 research institution CRI for further
8arnWPZNBMY-01615-00447108-00447320 transfer to small holder farmers in
8arnWPZNBMY-01616-00447321-00447635 Ghana because the aggregation of the
8arnWPZNBMY-01617-00447635-00448082 fall army worm is huge there well thanks
8arnWPZNBMY-01618-00448083-00448256 Zachary and thanks Mary for that
8arnWPZNBMY-01619-00448257-00448334 question
8arnWPZNBMY-01620-00448335-00448841 well this is a long-standing issue I
8arnWPZNBMY-01621-00448842-00449122 think at the scientific level there's
8arnWPZNBMY-01622-00449123-00449393 great interest for example we have a
8arnWPZNBMY-01623-00449393-00449687 research partnership with CIMMYT and the
8arnWPZNBMY-01624-00449688-00449978 African agricultural technology
8arnWPZNBMY-01625-00449979-00450320 foundation and seven national partners
8arnWPZNBMY-01626-00450321-00450650 from Ethiopia all the way to Mozambique
8arnWPZNBMY-01627-00450651-00451085 around both drought tolerant and also BT
8arnWPZNBMY-01628-00451085-00451268 maize and as dr. persona
8arnWPZNBMY-01629-00451269-00451556 some of these BTS are actually quite
8arnWPZNBMY-01630-00451557-00451823 effective against a fall army worm and
8arnWPZNBMY-01631-00451824-00451962 there's others that are even better
8arnWPZNBMY-01632-00451963-00452204 we know South Africa is already
8arnWPZNBMY-01633-00452205-00452393 benefiting from the technology and
8arnWPZNBMY-01634-00452394-00452633 that's because they have a functional
8arnWPZNBMY-01635-00452634-00453050 biosafety regime that's working we are
8arnWPZNBMY-01636-00453051-00453206 working with a number of partner
8arnWPZNBMY-01637-00453207-00453425 countries especially through the program
8arnWPZNBMY-01638-00453426-00453722 and biosafety system's led by the
8arnWPZNBMY-01639-00453723-00453887 International Food Policy Research
8arnWPZNBMY-01640-00453888-00454316 Institute and I think by and large one
8arnWPZNBMY-01641-00454317-00454500 of our approaches on this Zachary has
8arnWPZNBMY-01642-00454501-00454758 been that we put together our work on
8arnWPZNBMY-01643-00454759-00455027 technology partnerships and align that
8arnWPZNBMY-01644-00455028-00455316 with with science-based regulatory
8arnWPZNBMY-01645-00455317-00455602 capacity partnerships and and
8arnWPZNBMY-01646-00455603-00456033 development so Mary in terms of Ghana we
8arnWPZNBMY-01647-00456034-00456354 have we do have partnerships at the
8arnWPZNBMY-01648-00456355-00456487 level of the Ghanaian government
8arnWPZNBMY-01649-00456488-00456933 ultimately governments through their own
8arnWPZNBMY-01650-00456934-00457127 processes need to make informed
8arnWPZNBMY-01651-00457128-00457508 decisions for themselves what I can say
8arnWPZNBMY-01652-00457509-00457706 though is that the voice of the research
8arnWPZNBMY-01653-00457707-00457929 community and of the farming communities
8arnWPZNBMY-01654-00457930-00458219 and the the evidence that comes from say
8arnWPZNBMY-01655-00458220-00458498 scientific steps like controlled field
8arnWPZNBMY-01656-00458499-00458816 trials where officials can actually see
8arnWPZNBMY-01657-00458817-00459102 the impacts and that was I think one of
8arnWPZNBMY-01658-00459103-00459393 the opportunities when African leaders
8arnWPZNBMY-01659-00459393-00459687 went to Embrapa in Brazil they could see
8arnWPZNBMY-01660-00459688-00459893 for themselves the various ways that
8arnWPZNBMY-01661-00459894-00460068 Brazil was effectively controlled
8arnWPZNBMY-01662-00460068-00460281 Brazilian farmers was a effective we're
8arnWPZNBMY-01663-00460282-00460491 effectively controlling the pests so
8arnWPZNBMY-01664-00460492-00460766 this is a continuing effort it needs to
8arnWPZNBMY-01665-00460767-00460952 be a partnership across this whole
8arnWPZNBMY-01666-00460953-00461171 community and with our friends in the
8arnWPZNBMY-01667-00461172-00461577 environment community we've hurt we know
8arnWPZNBMY-01668-00461578-00461744 that some of these technologies are
8arnWPZNBMY-01669-00461745-00461960 hugely environmentally friendly because
8arnWPZNBMY-01670-00461961-00462225 they would replace a lot of negative
8arnWPZNBMY-01671-00462226-00462456 impact approaches that are unfortunately
8arnWPZNBMY-01672-00462457-00462662 still being used despite the efforts of
8arnWPZNBMY-01673-00462663-00463148 people like dr. Justin back to you okay
8arnWPZNBMY-01674-00463149-00463364 thank you rob and to follow up on that
8arnWPZNBMY-01675-00463365-00463452 question
8arnWPZNBMY-01676-00463453-00463673 we had a number of questions around GM
8arnWPZNBMY-01677-00463674-00464241 and BT technology for Prasanna and what
8arnWPZNBMY-01678-00464242-00464531 a couple of those were is CIMMYT
8arnWPZNBMY-01679-00464532-00464650 planning to integrate
8arnWPZNBMY-01680-00464651-00464983 mln resistant traits and fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-01681-00464984-00465238 resistant traits in the same materials
8arnWPZNBMY-01682-00465239-00465543 and was there able for the fall army one
8arnWPZNBMY-01683-00465545-00465883 damage on GM corn so use it as part of
8arnWPZNBMY-01684-00465884-00466864 the nice but I will go ahead yes that is
8arnWPZNBMY-01685-00466864-00467116 a very very important aspect it is not
8arnWPZNBMY-01686-00467117-00467392 just follow me on tolerance but we need
8arnWPZNBMY-01687-00467393-00467596 to integrate into genetic backgrounds
8arnWPZNBMY-01688-00467597-00467827 that have other relevant traits for
8arnWPZNBMY-01689-00467828-00468130 Eastern Africa definitely we are
8arnWPZNBMY-01690-00468131-00468355 integrating fall army worm tolerance
8arnWPZNBMY-01691-00468356-00468709 into drought tolerant and mln resistant
8arnWPZNBMY-01692-00468710-00468904 genetic backgrounds
8arnWPZNBMY-01693-00468905-00469174 similarly for Asia it will be a
8arnWPZNBMY-01694-00469175-00469417 different set of key traits for example
8arnWPZNBMY-01695-00469418-00469720 both flowering stock rata Fusarium stock
8arnWPZNBMY-01696-00469721-00470071 resistance and other key diseases that
8arnWPZNBMY-01697-00470072-00470362 are prevalent in Asia so based on
8arnWPZNBMY-01698-00470363-00470589 product profiles we need to integrate
8arnWPZNBMY-01699-00470591-00470860 the native genetic resistance to follow
8arnWPZNBMY-01700-00470860-00471085 me evolve in those appropriate genetic
8arnWPZNBMY-01701-00471085-00471297 backgrounds that's an extremely
8arnWPZNBMY-01702-00471299-00471658 important aspect the second question is
8arnWPZNBMY-01703-00471659-00472276 what jakhary sorry my second question
8arnWPZNBMY-01704-00472277-00472588 was was there any report of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-01705-00472589-00472858 worm damage on GM corn can we still use
8arnWPZNBMY-01706-00472859-00473271 it as part of IPM
8arnWPZNBMY-01707-00473272-00473530 we are definitely BT maize is
8arnWPZNBMY-01708-00473531-00473781 undoubtedly an important part of the IPM
8arnWPZNBMY-01709-00473782-00473938 toolbox
8arnWPZNBMY-01710-00473939-00474334 however because of various reasons for
8arnWPZNBMY-01711-00474335-00474562 instance lack of proper implementation
8arnWPZNBMY-01712-00474563-00474795 of insect resistance management
8arnWPZNBMY-01713-00474796-00475153 approaches or proper stewardship there
8arnWPZNBMY-01714-00475154-00475351 is a possibility that some of these
8arnWPZNBMY-01715-00475352-00475651 events may be overcome by insect over a
8arnWPZNBMY-01716-00475652-00475858 period of time it can take four years
8arnWPZNBMY-01717-00475859-00476118 five years six years but it did happen
8arnWPZNBMY-01718-00476118-00476467 in countries like Brazil and others
8arnWPZNBMY-01719-00476468-00476635 south and South American and North
8arnWPZNBMY-01720-00476635-00476847 American countries so that possibility
8arnWPZNBMY-01721-00476849-00477109 is always there but what is really
8arnWPZNBMY-01722-00477110-00477414 important here is bt does provide an
8arnWPZNBMY-01723-00477416-00477831 excellent option as long as it as it
8arnWPZNBMY-01724-00477832-00478068 is used very carefully by the small
8arnWPZNBMY-01725-00478068-00478599 holders or the farmers so let's remember
8arnWPZNBMY-01726-00478600-00478787 that even in case of big events
8arnWPZNBMY-01727-00478788-00479025 different events may have different
8arnWPZNBMY-01728-00479026-00479312 levels of resistance not all beat events
8arnWPZNBMY-01729-00479313-00479537 are same in terms of the level of
8arnWPZNBMY-01730-00479538-00479820 resistance offered that's the reason why
8arnWPZNBMY-01731-00479821-00480143 I am emphasizing the point it's
8arnWPZNBMY-01732-00480144-00480516 important to introduce these beat events
8arnWPZNBMY-01733-00480517-00480777 into for example in to follow me want
8arnWPZNBMY-01734-00480778-00480993 all the agility patterns coming from
8arnWPZNBMY-01735-00480993-00481200 negligent ecosystems then the
8arnWPZNBMY-01736-00481201-00481566 possibility of sustainability enhances
8arnWPZNBMY-01737-00481567-00482100 much more thank you um the next question
8arnWPZNBMY-01738-00482101-00482664 is directed to Joe from Ryan Robers is
8arnWPZNBMY-01739-00482664-00482922 there any evidence that shows that maize
8arnWPZNBMY-01740-00482922-00483168 grown according to conservation farming
8arnWPZNBMY-01741-00483168-00483462 methods including use of both organic
8arnWPZNBMY-01742-00483463-00483714 and inorganic fertilizer low till and
8arnWPZNBMY-01743-00483714-00484133 planting with the first usable rains has
8arnWPZNBMY-01744-00484134-00484329 demonstrated positive outcomes
8arnWPZNBMY-01745-00484330-00484568 performance in the context of fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-01746-00484569-00485222 worm attacks yes sir there are decades
8arnWPZNBMY-01747-00485223-00485685 of experience showing that use of proper
8arnWPZNBMY-01748-00485685-00485847 fertilizer and the source of the
8arnWPZNBMY-01749-00485847-00486000 fertilizer doesn't matter it doesn't
8arnWPZNBMY-01750-00486001-00486291 matter if it's chemical fertilizer or
8arnWPZNBMY-01751-00486292-00486566 compost and fertilizer as long as the
8arnWPZNBMY-01752-00486567-00487006 NPK levels are adjusted and the soil pH
8arnWPZNBMY-01753-00487007-00487350 ranges adjusted properly the key point
8arnWPZNBMY-01754-00487351-00487752 is to use good seed and also to properly
8arnWPZNBMY-01755-00487753-00487997 fertilize the crop in terms of
8arnWPZNBMY-01756-00487998-00488264 conservation tillage it's a very good
8arnWPZNBMY-01757-00488265-00488349 question
8arnWPZNBMY-01758-00488350-00488685 conservation tillage has many benefits
8arnWPZNBMY-01759-00488685-00489072 all its own these discussions we always
8arnWPZNBMY-01760-00489072-00489383 focus on fall army worm but as many on
8arnWPZNBMY-01761-00489384-00489687 the line today know there are multitude
8arnWPZNBMY-01762-00489688-00490022 of challenges in raising maize including
8arnWPZNBMY-01763-00490023-00490320 other diseases and other insects and in
8arnWPZNBMY-01764-00490321-00490628 the African context in particular water
8arnWPZNBMY-01765-00490629-00490985 drought and so conservation tillage is
8arnWPZNBMY-01766-00490985-00491354 important for growing a healthy maize
8arnWPZNBMY-01767-00491355-00491697 crop independent of all army one just in
8arnWPZNBMY-01768-00491697-00491999 terms of the conservation of moisture I
8arnWPZNBMY-01769-00492000-00492212 think I hope that answered your question
8arnWPZNBMY-01770-00492213-00493147 over thank you Joe for the next question
8arnWPZNBMY-01771-00493148-00493637 we're going to Dan we had a question
8arnWPZNBMY-01772-00493638-00494052 from Neil Miller doesn't scouting at cob
8arnWPZNBMY-01773-00494053-00494339 development stage contradict the future
8arnWPZNBMY-01774-00494340-00494822 guidelines to not spray after flowering
8arnWPZNBMY-01775-00494822-00495091 thank you for that clarifying question
8arnWPZNBMY-01776-00495092-00495537 the guidelines remain the same if all
8arnWPZNBMY-01777-00495538-00496020 you have is highly toxic insecticide and
8arnWPZNBMY-01778-00496021-00496379 you don't have that access to protective
8arnWPZNBMY-01779-00496380-00496718 equipment then the answer is don't spray
8arnWPZNBMY-01780-00496719-00496974 after first tassel and that remains that
8arnWPZNBMY-01781-00496975-00497354 remains our guidance however there are
8arnWPZNBMY-01782-00497355-00497643 modern pesticides and if a farmer has
8arnWPZNBMY-01783-00497643-00497976 access to a modern insecticide which is
8arnWPZNBMY-01784-00497977-00498245 very low toxicity
8arnWPZNBMY-01785-00498246-00498779 corrigan for example tracer the ld50 on
8arnWPZNBMY-01786-00498780-00499008 those materials is greater than 5,000
8arnWPZNBMY-01787-00499009-00499241 milligrams per kilogram body weight so
8arnWPZNBMY-01788-00499242-00499658 they're they're less toxic than coffee
8arnWPZNBMY-01789-00499659-00500147 if you if you have access to a low
8arnWPZNBMY-01790-00500148-00500420 toxicity material and you have access to
8arnWPZNBMY-01791-00500421-00500766 protective equipment and the weather is
8arnWPZNBMY-01792-00500767-00501014 warm and dry and egg-laying pressure is
8arnWPZNBMY-01793-00501015-00501462 high and you base your decision on cob
8arnWPZNBMY-01794-00501463-00501852 scouting and an action threshold it may
8arnWPZNBMY-01795-00501853-00502095 well be worth your effort to apply a
8arnWPZNBMY-01796-00502096-00502358 material after after first hassle to
8arnWPZNBMY-01797-00502359-00502724 save your crop so both of those are true
8arnWPZNBMY-01798-00502725-00503187 the guidance is if if a farmer is has
8arnWPZNBMY-01799-00503188-00503385 not has only access to highly toxic
8arnWPZNBMY-01800-00503385-00503658 materials and no access to protective
8arnWPZNBMY-01801-00503659-00503895 equipment then the guidance is don't
8arnWPZNBMY-01802-00503896-00504270 spray after first hassle but but the the
8arnWPZNBMY-01803-00504271-00504495 other is also true and so we have a we
8arnWPZNBMY-01804-00504496-00504516 have
8arnWPZNBMY-01805-00504517-00504768 scouting protocol for cob scouting and
8arnWPZNBMY-01806-00504768-00504981 an action threshold and there are modern
8arnWPZNBMY-01807-00504982-00505125 materials that can be applied safe
8arnWPZNBMY-01808-00505126-00505350 safely I hope that addresses your
8arnWPZNBMY-01809-00505351-00505596 question over Joe you want to say
8arnWPZNBMY-01810-00505597-00506049 anything no I think that was well done
8arnWPZNBMY-01811-00506050-00506166 van thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-01812-00506167-00506757 oh okay thank you thank you um so a
8arnWPZNBMY-01813-00506758-00506993 question for Joe we've had several
8arnWPZNBMY-01814-00506995-00507306 questions around host plants for fall
8arnWPZNBMY-01815-00507307-00507639 army worm as an example has anyone here
8arnWPZNBMY-01816-00507639-00507785 observed heavy fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-01817-00507785-00508014 infestation on sugarcane and wheat
8arnWPZNBMY-01818-00508014-00508385 another question from Sanjeev Kumar
8arnWPZNBMY-01819-00508387-00508707 besides corn and sorghum what is the
8arnWPZNBMY-01820-00508708-00508947 next most preferred crop of this poly
8arnWPZNBMY-01821-00508947-00509517 phages insect yeah so many people have
8arnWPZNBMY-01822-00509518-00509778 heard correctly that the fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-01823-00509779-00510047 will feed on some 80 different host
8arnWPZNBMY-01824-00510049-00510414 plants and that's largely a function of
8arnWPZNBMY-01825-00510414-00510609 the the fact that the fall army worm
8arnWPZNBMY-01826-00510610-00510914 does not have a diet pods capability so
8arnWPZNBMY-01827-00510916-00511329 it has to continuously breed and produce
8arnWPZNBMY-01828-00511330-00511577 larvae and complete its life cycle
8arnWPZNBMY-01829-00511578-00511929 throughout a season we've done reports
8arnWPZNBMY-01830-00511930-00512199 the fall army worm infestations and
8arnWPZNBMY-01831-00512200-00512483 other crops sometimes sugarcane
8arnWPZNBMY-01832-00512484-00512918 sometimes we sometimes grasses for
8arnWPZNBMY-01833-00512920-00513141 example pasture grasses Bermuda grass in
8arnWPZNBMY-01834-00513142-00513471 particular but in general I would say
8arnWPZNBMY-01835-00513472-00513722 I've never heard so far I haven't heard
8arnWPZNBMY-01836-00513724-00514017 of any of those that have risen to the
8arnWPZNBMY-01837-00514018-00514362 level of concern the particular strain
8arnWPZNBMY-01838-00514363-00514568 that was introduced in Africa there's
8arnWPZNBMY-01839-00514570-00514964 two strains of army worm or ice strain
8arnWPZNBMY-01840-00514966-00515239 and a maize string anime strain
8arnWPZNBMY-01841-00515241-00515580 predominantly feeds on maize millet
8arnWPZNBMY-01842-00515581-00515912 sorghum and and according to the USDA
8arnWPZNBMY-01843-00515913-00516189 experts that you can feel free to
8arnWPZNBMY-01844-00516189-00516435 contact and let snake is predominantly
8arnWPZNBMY-01845-00516435-00516622 the main strain and that's generally
8arnWPZNBMY-01846-00516624-00516996 where we've seen the damage we should
8arnWPZNBMY-01847-00516997-00517395 appreciate two things first what if you
8arnWPZNBMY-01848-00517396-00517822 have a very heavy moth flights as
8arnWPZNBMY-01849-00517822-00518080 dan was talking about earlier you will
8arnWPZNBMY-01850-00518081-00518338 get damage on other crops beside just
8arnWPZNBMY-01851-00518339-00518664 maize just simply because the fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-01852-00518666-00519067 worm population density is so high but
8arnWPZNBMY-01853-00519068-00519328 that's not likely to be seen in
8arnWPZNBMY-01854-00519329-00519601 subsequent years a focus will probably
8arnWPZNBMY-01855-00519602-00520000 be on maize let me address Weiss very
8arnWPZNBMY-01856-00520001-00520492 quickly two points the we do not see so
8arnWPZNBMY-01857-00520493-00520818 far have not seen much damage on rights
8arnWPZNBMY-01858-00520818-00521095 and again this is probably because it
8arnWPZNBMY-01859-00521096-00521260 looks like the rice frame was not
8arnWPZNBMY-01860-00521260-00521605 introduced will there be a selection for
8arnWPZNBMY-01861-00521606-00522070 a rice strain in Asia because rice is so
8arnWPZNBMY-01862-00522071-00522352 prevalent we don't know but we need to
8arnWPZNBMY-01863-00522353-00522535 be aware of the fact that that could
8arnWPZNBMY-01864-00522535-00522883 happen and then secondly while only one
8arnWPZNBMY-01865-00522884-00523183 has arrived outside the Americas once
8arnWPZNBMY-01866-00523184-00523579 it's very likely it will arrive again
8arnWPZNBMY-01867-00523580-00523795 from another source and that other
8arnWPZNBMY-01868-00523796-00523957 spring could be introduced
8arnWPZNBMY-01869-00523958-00524554 now with that I'll stop there over okay
8arnWPZNBMY-01870-00524555-00525151 everyone Zachary do you by Rama please
8arnWPZNBMY-01871-00525152-00525585 take it for to wrap up the session okay
8arnWPZNBMY-01872-00525586-00526021 Wow well thank you speakers for just
8arnWPZNBMY-01873-00526022-00526345 terrific presentations followed by a
8arnWPZNBMY-01874-00526346-00526722 great question and answer session I
8arnWPZNBMY-01875-00526723-00526930 think you know with this whole
8arnWPZNBMY-01876-00526931-00527218 discussion has really been about the
8arnWPZNBMY-01877-00527219-00527667 evolution of this past in Africa and
8arnWPZNBMY-01878-00527668-00528247 South Asia and how we're learning we at
8arnWPZNBMY-01879-00528248-00528457 first were really learning by virtue of
8arnWPZNBMY-01880-00528458-00528730 what we knew in the Americas but now
8arnWPZNBMY-01881-00528731-00528943 it's really about learning from what's
8arnWPZNBMY-01882-00528944-00529231 happening in sub-saharan Africa in in
8arnWPZNBMY-01883-00529232-00529558 Asia and in these new environments for
8arnWPZNBMY-01884-00529559-00529867 the pests so I think it's been wonderful
8arnWPZNBMY-01885-00529868-00530397 to have a range of perspectives in terms
8arnWPZNBMY-01886-00530398-00530704 of how knowledge how technologies and
8arnWPZNBMY-01887-00530705-00531043 practices fit together obviously this is
8arnWPZNBMY-01888-00531044-00531187 a complex test it
8arnWPZNBMY-01889-00531188-00531540 it has various susceptibilities and
8arnWPZNBMY-01890-00531541-00531790 there's I don't think there's a silver
8arnWPZNBMY-01891-00531791-00531994 bullet we're talking about it's a range
8arnWPZNBMY-01892-00531995-00532297 of things and then compounding that a
8arnWPZNBMY-01893-00532298-00532624 couple of observations one is the
8arnWPZNBMY-01894-00532625-00532849 knowledge content of so much of what we
8arnWPZNBMY-01895-00532850-00533014 heard about today particularly the
8arnWPZNBMY-01896-00533015-00533416 control in the field the presentations
8arnWPZNBMY-01897-00533417-00533788 from from Paul from Dan from Sarah and
8arnWPZNBMY-01898-00533789-00534331 Anne from Joe really about how we manage
8arnWPZNBMY-01899-00534332-00534637 this pest and the role of information
8arnWPZNBMY-01900-00534638-00535093 tools telephones radio other kinds of
8arnWPZNBMY-01901-00535094-00535393 means of getting good information to
8arnWPZNBMY-01902-00535394-00535705 farmers at all levels and then trying to
8arnWPZNBMY-01903-00535706-00536020 tailor that information to the economic
8arnWPZNBMY-01904-00536021-00536356 opportunities that they have their
8arnWPZNBMY-01905-00536357-00536688 ability to pay is for example the other
8arnWPZNBMY-01906-00536689-00536926 piece I think that was really very
8arnWPZNBMY-01907-00536927-00537250 important is the policy piece this has
8arnWPZNBMY-01908-00537251-00537403 got to do with just getting new
8arnWPZNBMY-01909-00537404-00537864 varieties or hybrids out of maize or BT
8arnWPZNBMY-01910-00537865-00538360 accessibility for farmers and and or the
8arnWPZNBMY-01911-00538361-00538645 pesticides getting those safer newer
8arnWPZNBMY-01912-00538646-00538854 chemistry's making them available
8arnWPZNBMY-01913-00538855-00539188 quickly and having regulatory systems
8arnWPZNBMY-01914-00539189-00539362 that function where you have reciprocity
8arnWPZNBMY-01915-00539363-00539635 for example across the region all of
8arnWPZNBMY-01916-00539636-00539944 that can be important contributor as
8arnWPZNBMY-01917-00539945-00540511 well so so this is really we we're
8arnWPZNBMY-01918-00540512-00540778 looking forward now we're in their
8arnWPZNBMY-01919-00540779-00541177 context where koban and locusts are also
8arnWPZNBMY-01920-00541178-00541450 grabbing a lot of attention and yet this
8arnWPZNBMY-01921-00541451-00541723 very compelling situation with fall army
8arnWPZNBMY-01922-00541724-00542008 worm needs our continued efforts we need
8arnWPZNBMY-01923-00542009-00542218 information from all of you we need the
8arnWPZNBMY-01924-00542219-00542455 community to be sharing experiences
8arnWPZNBMY-01925-00542456-00542650 about impacts what's working what's not
8arnWPZNBMY-01926-00542651-00542881 working and the degree of damage because
8arnWPZNBMY-01927-00542882-00543115 all of that helps those of us trying to
8arnWPZNBMY-01928-00543116-00543390 support your work do a better job
8arnWPZNBMY-01929-00543391-00543679 finally I want to just thank Regina Eddy
8arnWPZNBMY-01930-00543680-00544099 and Siobhan whiten and Zachary and our
8arnWPZNBMY-01931-00544100-00544540 kdl team Adam I've met in others for
8arnWPZNBMY-01932-00544541-00544735 there's tremendous support in putting
8arnWPZNBMY-01933-00544736-00545038 today's presentation together all the
8arnWPZNBMY-01934-00545039-00545197 work that's gone into this I think it
8arnWPZNBMY-01935-00545198-00545413 paid off beautifully team and I'm really
8arnWPZNBMY-01936-00545414-00545554 grateful to haven't had an opportunity
8arnWPZNBMY-01937-00545555-00545806 to plead with you all thank you all very
8arnWPZNBMY-01938-00545807-00546056 much this will be recorded and I think
8arnWPZNBMY-01939-00546057-00546295 other materials will be presentations
8arnWPZNBMY-01940-00546296-00546533 etc will be made available in about a
8arnWPZNBMY-01941-00546534-00546800 week or so thanks everyone
8arnWPZNBMY-01942-00546801-00547162 Zachry have I left anything out nope
8arnWPZNBMY-01943-00547163-00547412 that's it Rob if you'd registered for
8arnWPZNBMY-01944-00547413-00547654 the event we will be sending you an
8arnWPZNBMY-01945-00547655-00547927 email with links to all the resources
8arnWPZNBMY-01946-00547928-00548191 that Rob mentioned there will be a
8arnWPZNBMY-01947-00548192-00548629 transcript of the recording as well as a
8arnWPZNBMY-01948-00548630-00548875 transcript of the chat box I know it has
8arnWPZNBMY-01949-00548876-00549094 been moving rapidly people have been
8arnWPZNBMY-01950-00549095-00549275 sharing quite extensively on their
8arnWPZNBMY-01951-00549276-00549458 experiences asking questions in the
8arnWPZNBMY-01952-00549459-00549683 light we will have a separate document
8arnWPZNBMY-01953-00549684-00549925 with all of that chat box there as well
8arnWPZNBMY-01954-00549926-00550216 for you to access we will also try to
8arnWPZNBMY-01955-00550217-00550390 get to all the questions that were
8arnWPZNBMY-01956-00550391-00550600 unanswered as best as possible
8arnWPZNBMY-01957-00550601-00550891 as part of that transcript and again
8arnWPZNBMY-01958-00550892-00551087 thank you and appreciate your
8arnWPZNBMY-01959-00551088-00551275 participation thank you for your sharing
8arnWPZNBMY-01960-00551276-00551537 and we look forward to your future
8arnWPZNBMY-01961-00551538-00551900 participation in webinars in the future
8arnWPZNBMY-01962-00551901-00552077 up thank you again
8arnWPZNBMY-01963-00552078-00552500 have an excellent day thank you
8arnWPZNBMY-01964-00552501-00552817 bye everyone thank you
8bag0JghIGy-00000-00000000-00000399 [Music]
8bag0JghIGy-00001-00000400-00000719 welcome to the daily samuel
8bag0JghIGy-00002-00000720-00001099 the u.s covenanting case total is 7
8bag0JghIGy-00003-00001100-00001566 495 674 people testing positive
8bag0JghIGy-00004-00001567-00001910 with 210 784 deaths
8bag0JghIGy-00005-00001911-00002183 the world's total is 35 million six
8bag0JghIGy-00006-00002184-00002359 hundred seventy five thousand
8bag0JghIGy-00007-00002360-00002702 seven hundred four cases in other news
8bag0JghIGy-00008-00002703-00002910 joe biden has said that there shouldn't
8bag0JghIGy-00009-00002911-00003110 be a second debate if trump still has
8bag0JghIGy-00010-00003111-00003279 current virus
8bag0JghIGy-00011-00003279-00003463 that's all for today please subscribe
8bag0JghIGy-00012-00003464-00003800 and come back tomorrow
8dB74nFbvfo-00000-00000035-00000394 birkin ism or act jiang Altai actia is a
8dB74nFbvfo-00001-00000395-00000574 new religious movement that flourished
8dB74nFbvfo-00002-00000575-00000761 among the indigenous people of Russia's
8dB74nFbvfo-00003-00000762-00000979 ghor know Altai region okrug between
8dB74nFbvfo-00004-00000980-00001212 1904 in the 1930s
8dB74nFbvfo-00005-00001213-00001457 Czarist Russia was suspicious of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00006-00001458-00001636 movements potential to stir up native
8dB74nFbvfo-00007-00001637-00001834 unrest and perhaps involve outside
8dB74nFbvfo-00008-00001835-00002101 powers the Soviet authorities ultimately
8dB74nFbvfo-00009-00002102-00002317 suppressed it for fear of its potential
8dB74nFbvfo-00010-00002318-00002567 to unify Siberian Turkic people's under
8dB74nFbvfo-00011-00002568-00002842 a common nationalism originally
8dB74nFbvfo-00012-00002843-00003050 millenarian charismatic and anti
8dB74nFbvfo-00013-00003051-00003224 shamanic the Berk inist movement
8dB74nFbvfo-00014-00003225-00003425 gradually lost most of these qualities
8dB74nFbvfo-00015-00003426-00003654 becoming increasingly routine
8dB74nFbvfo-00016-00003655-00003890 institutionalized around a hierarchy of
8dB74nFbvfo-00017-00003890-00004085 oral epic singers and accommodating
8dB74nFbvfo-00018-00004086-00004270 itself to the pre-existing Altai and
8dB74nFbvfo-00019-00004271-00004552 folk religion it exists today in several
8dB74nFbvfo-00020-00004553-00004888 revival forms on the whole the birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00021-00004889-00005156 distmoved us in critic phenomenon
8dB74nFbvfo-00022-00005157-00005356 combining elements of ancient pre shame
8dB74nFbvfo-00023-00005357-00005591 inist shame inist Lama stand Orthodox
8dB74nFbvfo-00024-00005592-00005822 Christian beliefs according to a
8dB74nFbvfo-00025-00005823-00006034 professor of Tomsk State University
8dB74nFbvfo-00026-00006035-00006266 Alger stove ax it emerged in response to
8dB74nFbvfo-00027-00006267-00006467 the needs of a new people the Altai kizi
8dB74nFbvfo-00028-00006468-00006646 or Alton's who sought to distinguish
8dB74nFbvfo-00029-00006647-00006791 themselves from the neighbouring and
8dB74nFbvfo-00030-00006792-00006992 related tribes and for whom birkin ism
8dB74nFbvfo-00031-00006993-00007175 became a religious form of their ethnic
8dB74nFbvfo-00032-00007176-00007587 identity
8dB74nFbvfo-00033-00007588-00008084 topic origins of the name
8dB74nFbvfo-00034-00008086-00008352 Merkin ism is the usual english-language
8dB74nFbvfo-00035-00008353-00008565 scholarly name which has its origin in
8dB74nFbvfo-00036-00008566-00008832 the Russian academic usage one of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00037-00008833-00009033 Berk inist deities is act Birkin or
8dB74nFbvfo-00038-00009034-00009525 white Birkin Birkin means God or Buddha
8dB74nFbvfo-00039-00009526-00009840 in mongolic languages yet Birkin ISM is
8dB74nFbvfo-00040-00009841-00010041 not considered Buddhist as the term is
8dB74nFbvfo-00041-00010042-00010260 also used in shamanistic nomenclature
8dB74nFbvfo-00042-00010261-00010584 for example in Mongolian shamanism the
8dB74nFbvfo-00043-00010585-00010761 name of the most sacred mountain the
8dB74nFbvfo-00044-00010762-00010959 rumoured birthplace and final resting
8dB74nFbvfo-00045-00010960-00011184 spot of Genghis Khan is also Birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00046-00011185-00011454 khaldun AK Birkin is only one of a
8dB74nFbvfo-00047-00011455-00011670 pantheon of deities worshipped by burka
8dB74nFbvfo-00048-00011671-00011802 nests see list below
8dB74nFbvfo-00049-00011803-00012024 but at Birkin nevertheless provides the
8dB74nFbvfo-00050-00012025-00012180 name of the religion in Russian and
8dB74nFbvfo-00051-00012181-00012483 thence into other languages the Altai
8dB74nFbvfo-00052-00012484-00012717 and name for the religion is act J white
8dB74nFbvfo-00053-00012718-00013068 faith white refers to its emphasis on
8dB74nFbvfo-00054-00013069-00013221 the upper world in the three world
8dB74nFbvfo-00055-00013222-00013449 cosmology of the Turkic and Mongolian
8dB74nFbvfo-00056-00013450-00013725 Tengri ism alternatively the name may
8dB74nFbvfo-00057-00013726-00013926 also allude to act Jang's rejection of
8dB74nFbvfo-00058-00013927-00014163 animal sacrifices in favor of offerings
8dB74nFbvfo-00059-00014163-00014369 of horse milk or horse milk alcohol
8dB74nFbvfo-00060-00014370-00014724 Jiang means Authority faith custom law
8dB74nFbvfo-00061-00014725-00014931 or principle and Canon or rules of
8dB74nFbvfo-00062-00014932-00015234 ensemble in more colloquial settings the
8dB74nFbvfo-00063-00015235-00015486 term may also be used as a way of doing
8dB74nFbvfo-00064-00015487-00015713 things and is used in reference to
8dB74nFbvfo-00065-00015715-00016325 religions as well as political systems
8dB74nFbvfo-00066-00016326-00016766 early history
8dB74nFbvfo-00067-00016767-00017119 in April 1904 Chet Chopin or cha-cha
8dB74nFbvfo-00068-00017120-00017321 panov and his adopted daughter juggle
8dB74nFbvfo-00069-00017322-00017525 suruc Chandhok reported visions of a
8dB74nFbvfo-00070-00017526-00017705 rider dressed in white and riding a
8dB74nFbvfo-00071-00017706-00017780 white horse
8dB74nFbvfo-00072-00017781-00018047 this figure whom they called AK Birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00073-00018048-00018308 white Birkin announced the imminent
8dB74nFbvfo-00074-00018309-00018512 arrival of the mythical messianic hero
8dB74nFbvfo-00075-00018513-00018716 or at Khan who was actually a real
8dB74nFbvfo-00076-00018717-00018974 historical figure COI tour at Prince
8dB74nFbvfo-00077-00018975-00019226 amor sana the central figure in the
8dB74nFbvfo-00078-00019227-00019442 research of Birkin ism in the past 40
8dB74nFbvfo-00079-00019443-00019661 years however has demonstrated that were
8dB74nFbvfo-00080-00019662-00019874 ro conned as a mythologized image of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00081-00019875-00020134 dzungar past of the people of Alta Kizzy
8dB74nFbvfo-00082-00020135-00020393 Chet and kugel gathered thousands of
8dB74nFbvfo-00083-00020394-00020591 Altai uns for prayer meetings initially
8dB74nFbvfo-00084-00020592-00020800 in the tarring Valley these were
8dB74nFbvfo-00085-00020801-00021019 violently suppressed by mobs of Russians
8dB74nFbvfo-00086-00021020-00021233 instigated by the Altai and spiritual
8dB74nFbvfo-00087-00021234-00021419 mission who were afraid of the potential
8dB74nFbvfo-00088-00021420-00021590 of the competing religion to decrease
8dB74nFbvfo-00089-00021591-00021811 the Orthodox Christian flock in Altai
8dB74nFbvfo-00090-00021812-00022100 shed and kugel were arrested Jugal was
8dB74nFbvfo-00091-00022101-00022289 released and after a prolonged trial
8dB74nFbvfo-00092-00022290-00022525 Chet was fully exonerated by court and
8dB74nFbvfo-00093-00022526-00022787 released in 1906 researcher andrei a
8dB74nFbvfo-00094-00022788-00023060 naman ski c article below compares the
8dB74nFbvfo-00095-00023061-00023230 burke inist movement to other indigenous
8dB74nFbvfo-00096-00023231-00023414 revitalizing movements around the world
8dB74nFbvfo-00097-00023415-00023642 such as the Native American Ghost Dance
8dB74nFbvfo-00098-00023643-00023881 or the Melanesian cargo cult an
8dB74nFbvfo-00099-00023882-00024109 excruciatingly ly detailed treatment of
8dB74nFbvfo-00100-00024110-00024296 the comparisons and comparability of
8dB74nFbvfo-00101-00024297-00024500 birkin ism with the Melanesian cargo
8dB74nFbvfo-00102-00024501-00024686 cult the Mennonites the Duke overs of
8dB74nFbvfo-00103-00024687-00024944 Georgia the mercy of Nizhny Novgorod and
8dB74nFbvfo-00104-00024945-00025127 many other movements is provided
8dB74nFbvfo-00105-00025128-00025303 interest OVAs dissertation from the
8dB74nFbvfo-00106-00025304-00025541 1980s nam n ski says the prime
8dB74nFbvfo-00107-00025542-00025753 motivating factor was all tans fear of
8dB74nFbvfo-00108-00025754-00025939 displacement by Russian colonists
8dB74nFbvfo-00109-00025941-00026183 Russification and subjection to taxation
8dB74nFbvfo-00110-00026183-00026395 and conscription on the same basis as
8dB74nFbvfo-00111-00026397-00026602 Russian peasants Andrey Vina grad ah've
8dB74nFbvfo-00112-00026603-00026845 thesis linked below C's Birkin ism as a
8dB74nFbvfo-00113-00026847-00027058 typical nomadic Turco Mongolian
8dB74nFbvfo-00114-00027060-00027287 mobilization pattern aiming to link
8dB74nFbvfo-00115-00027288-00027506 families and clans soaked into a steppe
8dB74nFbvfo-00116-00027507-00027670 Empire which in this case never
8dB74nFbvfo-00117-00027672-00027983 materialized the burka NIST's veneration
8dB74nFbvfo-00118-00027983-00028142 of heroes from oral epics
8dB74nFbvfo-00119-00028143-00028352 he says serves much the same cultural
8dB74nFbvfo-00120-00028352-00028558 centralizing function as the veneration
8dB74nFbvfo-00121-00028560-00028762 of other divine heroes such as geser
8dB74nFbvfo-00122-00028763-00029060 Manas or Genghis Khan as such it
8dB74nFbvfo-00123-00029061-00029276 constitutes a major aspect of Turco
8dB74nFbvfo-00124-00029277-00029444 mongolic religion distinct from
8dB74nFbvfo-00125-00029445-00029536 shamanism
8dB74nFbvfo-00126-00029537-00029839 after the arrest of Chattanooga Tyria
8dB74nFbvfo-00127-00029840-00029999 Kemp Chia rose to become the most
8dB74nFbvfo-00128-00030000-00030164 prominent IRA like she and hell
8dB74nFbvfo-00129-00030164-00030389 organized the movement having been
8dB74nFbvfo-00130-00030389-00030589 exposed to Buddhism through his years as
8dB74nFbvfo-00131-00030591-00030830 a translator in Mongolia tyree added a
8dB74nFbvfo-00132-00030831-00031004 number of Buddhist trappings to Berk
8dB74nFbvfo-00133-00031005-00031289 honest ritual such as bells within a
8dB74nFbvfo-00134-00031289-00031349 decade
8dB74nFbvfo-00135-00031350-00031535 most of the Altai in population had
8dB74nFbvfo-00136-00031536-00031849 joined the new faith in 1918
8dB74nFbvfo-00137-00031850-00032068 Gregori Kouros gherkin and other Altai
8dB74nFbvfo-00138-00032069-00032239 and leaders declared the formation of
8dB74nFbvfo-00139-00032241-00032492 something called the Karakoram Regional
8dB74nFbvfo-00140-00032493-00032764 Committee Karakoram kaya okras gaya
8dB74nFbvfo-00141-00032766-00032990 priva with the object of establishing an
8dB74nFbvfo-00142-00032991-00033293 oar at Republic this was intended to
8dB74nFbvfo-00143-00033294-00033482 include not only Altai but also
8dB74nFbvfo-00144-00033483-00033662 neighboring Republic's of Tuva and
8dB74nFbvfo-00145-00033663-00033950 kickassia it was forcibly dissolved with
8dB74nFbvfo-00146-00033951-00034517 a rival of Bolshevik power in 1921
8dB74nFbvfo-00147-00034518-00035030 topic deities
8dB74nFbvfo-00148-00035031-00035371 verkan ism accepts the three worlds of
8dB74nFbvfo-00149-00035372-00035654 mongolic and Turkic tradition these are
8dB74nFbvfo-00150-00035655-00035852 the upper middle and lower worlds in
8dB74nFbvfo-00151-00035853-00036056 other words heaven earth and the
8dB74nFbvfo-00152-00036057-00036287 underworld however it rejects worship of
8dB74nFbvfo-00153-00036288-00036485 traditional deities associated with the
8dB74nFbvfo-00154-00036486-00036767 underworld in addition it imports into
8dB74nFbvfo-00155-00036768-00036983 worship many figures from Alton oral
8dB74nFbvfo-00156-00036984-00037175 epic lore which were not worshiped in a
8dB74nFbvfo-00157-00037176-00037531 shamanic part of the Altai and religion
8dB74nFbvfo-00158-00037532-00038081 uch Kerr bustin uch means three while
8dB74nFbvfo-00159-00038082-00038432 Kerr bustin comes from the saw dyin core
8dB74nFbvfo-00160-00038433-00038651 Mistah and thence from the Avesta n--
8dB74nFbvfo-00161-00038652-00039047 ahora mazda thus a triune God though
8dB74nFbvfo-00162-00039048-00039326 imported from oral epics uch Kerr bustin
8dB74nFbvfo-00163-00039327-00039521 as a generalized spirit rather than a
8dB74nFbvfo-00164-00039522-00039806 hero of stories with a personality he
8dB74nFbvfo-00165-00039807-00039956 may be analogous with the Turco
8dB74nFbvfo-00166-00039957-00040292 Mongolian High God tan gray heaven
8dB74nFbvfo-00167-00040293-00040511 rather than an import from Buddhism
8dB74nFbvfo-00168-00040512-00040751 Christianity or Turkic Islam this
8dB74nFbvfo-00169-00040752-00040940 particular Trinity is likely to have
8dB74nFbvfo-00170-00040941-00041156 been inspired by other triune gods and
8dB74nFbvfo-00171-00041157-00041374 heroes from Turkic culture sometimes in
8dB74nFbvfo-00172-00041375-00041687 the form of a God with three sons you CH
8dB74nFbvfo-00173-00041688-00041852 car busting is connected with the
8dB74nFbvfo-00174-00041853-00042086 following three messianic heroes also
8dB74nFbvfo-00175-00042087-00042398 from Altai an oral epic lore or at or
8dB74nFbvfo-00176-00042399-00042614 gaulden or at mythological ancestor of
8dB74nFbvfo-00177-00042615-00042908 the Western Mongols a conflation dim
8dB74nFbvfo-00178-00042909-00043082 historical memory of a number of
8dB74nFbvfo-00179-00043083-00043310 real-life Western Mongolian leaders from
8dB74nFbvfo-00180-00043311-00043558 around the 17th century including Galvin
8dB74nFbvfo-00181-00043559-00043793 sarin the more sonna legendary Coit or
8dB74nFbvfo-00182-00043794-00043996 at chieftain who fled Chinese territory
8dB74nFbvfo-00183-00043997-00044249 for Russian after the 1756 Jing
8dB74nFbvfo-00184-00044250-00044579 destruction of dzungaria Xu new wolf the
8dB74nFbvfo-00185-00044580-00044792 Altai inversion of escena the totemic
8dB74nFbvfo-00186-00044793-00045002 blue pine ancestor recognized by various
8dB74nFbvfo-00187-00045003-00045236 Turkic peoples the gods of the upper
8dB74nFbvfo-00188-00045237-00045590 world or a route EAS pure ancestors are
8dB74nFbvfo-00189-00045591-00045818 considered fragments or emanations of
8dB74nFbvfo-00190-00045819-00046090 uch kur busting birkin ISM calls these
8dB74nFbvfo-00191-00046091-00046471 Birkins among them are a crooked white
8dB74nFbvfo-00192-00046472-00046724 birkin depicted as an old man with white
8dB74nFbvfo-00193-00046725-00047002 hair a white coat and white headgear who
8dB74nFbvfo-00194-00047003-00047330 rides a white horse possibly analogous
8dB74nFbvfo-00195-00047331-00047702 to the Mongolian white old man saga Nebu
8dB74nFbvfo-00196-00047703-00047977 again a symbol of good fortune jaga
8dB74nFbvfo-00197-00047978-00048221 formless spirit mediator assists with
8dB74nFbvfo-00198-00048222-00048548 human divine communication vena gradov
8dB74nFbvfo-00199-00048549-00048737 compares with the Holy Spirit
8dB74nFbvfo-00200-00048738-00049042 Alton's distinguished between an AK Jack
8dB74nFbvfo-00201-00049043-00049387 White Jack who carried messages to the
8dB74nFbvfo-00202-00049388-00049621 gods of the upper world and a Sarah J
8dB74nFbvfo-00203-00049622-00049967 Jack yellow jack who did the same for
8dB74nFbvfo-00204-00049968-00050156 gods of the middle world and is
8dB74nFbvfo-00205-00050157-00050365 identified with the hearth boom eyed the
8dB74nFbvfo-00206-00050366-00050662 goddess of childbirth and children other
8dB74nFbvfo-00207-00050663-00050921 Turkic lore but not the Altai and makes
8dB74nFbvfo-00208-00050922-00051146 her the consort of the High God tan gray
8dB74nFbvfo-00209-00051147-00051374 and thus a primordial mother figure ah
8dB74nFbvfo-00210-00051375-00051730 teen the mother of fire worshipped
8dB74nFbvfo-00211-00051732-00051940 before every sacrifice but especially
8dB74nFbvfo-00212-00051941-00052189 during one of the three major birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00213-00052190-00052375 distressed of allah god z' of that
8dB74nFbvfo-00214-00052376-00052754 middle world ie the familiar spheres of
8dB74nFbvfo-00215-00052754-00053032 nature and human affairs include
8dB74nFbvfo-00216-00053033-00053312 numerous local spirits such as spirits
8dB74nFbvfo-00217-00053313-00053581 associated with mountains tyka easy or
8dB74nFbvfo-00218-00053582-00053702 springs ours
8dB74nFbvfo-00219-00053703-00054074 or masters of the game they may also be
8dB74nFbvfo-00220-00054075-00054386 associated with particular clans so more
8dB74nFbvfo-00221-00054387-00054740 generalized ones include Altai easy the
8dB74nFbvfo-00222-00054741-00055076 master of Altai a sort of genius low
8dB74nFbvfo-00223-00055077-00055283 sigh suitably adapted for an alt a
8dB74nFbvfo-00224-00055284-00055466 national consciousness all gand a
8dB74nFbvfo-00225-00055466-00055688 spiritual ancestor of several Altai and
8dB74nFbvfo-00226-00055689-00055982 clans originally a proper name now
8dB74nFbvfo-00227-00055983-00056276 generalized some sources describe algún
8dB74nFbvfo-00228-00056277-00056486 as the creator of the universe in Birken
8dB74nFbvfo-00229-00056487-00056663 is theology this is probably a
8dB74nFbvfo-00230-00056664-00056912 misunderstanding historically birkin ism
8dB74nFbvfo-00231-00056913-00057089 rejected the traditional gods of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00232-00057090-00057272 underworld notably or licked your lick
8dB74nFbvfo-00233-00057273-00057548 its chief this rejection is closely
8dB74nFbvfo-00234-00057549-00057754 related to birkin isms rejection of
8dB74nFbvfo-00235-00057755-00057962 Altai and shamanism and corresponding
8dB74nFbvfo-00236-00057963-00058172 elevation of oral epic singers yaar
8dB74nFbvfo-00237-00058173-00058259 Lachie by
8dB74nFbvfo-00238-00058260-00058526 Shaymin is here meant minjok to cams
8dB74nFbvfo-00239-00058527-00058889 aida costume wearing specialists who
8dB74nFbvfo-00240-00058890-00059054 communicate with the underworld gods
8dB74nFbvfo-00241-00059054-00059258 both rejections are likely to have been
8dB74nFbvfo-00242-00059259-00059450 inspired by oral epic lore which
8dB74nFbvfo-00243-00059451-00060030 regularly features shaman's as villains
8dB74nFbvfo-00244-00060032-00060553 topic practices
8dB74nFbvfo-00245-00060554-00060802 burning juniper archon for blessing
8dB74nFbvfo-00246-00060803-00061150 purification or healing home or hilltop
8dB74nFbvfo-00247-00061151-00061375 altars kura merggle with candles and
8dB74nFbvfo-00248-00061376-00061761 milk offerings erecting of Carens oh boo
8dB74nFbvfo-00249-00061762-00062053 recitation composition patronage of oral
8dB74nFbvfo-00250-00062054-00062405 epics divination and weather control
8dB74nFbvfo-00251-00062407-00062655 display of white and yellow ribbons or
8dB74nFbvfo-00252-00062657-00062836 streamers from trees or strings or
8dB74nFbvfo-00253-00062837-00063063 dangling from the back of one's headgear
8dB74nFbvfo-00254-00063064-00063313 prayer while standing with hands raised
8dB74nFbvfo-00255-00063314-00063634 or with prostrations celebration of
8dB74nFbvfo-00256-00063635-00063907 festivals shootin or merggle a
8dB74nFbvfo-00257-00063908-00064167 semi-annual spring and fall festival
8dB74nFbvfo-00258-00064169-00064513 dedicated to you CH ker bustin chalk or
8dB74nFbvfo-00259-00064514-00064726 jack chalked or a fall festival
8dB74nFbvfo-00260-00064727-00065173 dedicated to jagex attacker dedicated to
8dB74nFbvfo-00261-00065174-00065434 ott and some sources speak of a lista 20
8dB74nFbvfo-00262-00065435-00065722 commandments for birkin ISM the evidence
8dB74nFbvfo-00263-00065723-00065980 for this is sparse alcohol and tobacco
8dB74nFbvfo-00264-00065981-00066319 were prescribed in the early years kugel
8dB74nFbvfo-00265-00066320-00066469 came to be venerated as the main
8dB74nFbvfo-00266-00066470-00066736 recipient of the original message this
8dB74nFbvfo-00267-00066737-00066934 was much less true of Chet although both
8dB74nFbvfo-00268-00066935-00067470 were addressed with honorific titles
8dB74nFbvfo-00269-00067471-00067985 topic notable burqa NIST's
8dB74nFbvfo-00270-00067986-00068243 Grigoriy Kouros gherkin a Soviet
8dB74nFbvfo-00271-00068244-00068419 landscape artist and leader of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00272-00068420-00068882 Karakoram Executive Committee
8dB74nFbvfo-00273-00068883-00069542 topic birkin ism today Russian painter
8dB74nFbvfo-00274-00069543-00069776 Niklas Rarick and his wife Helen or Erik
8dB74nFbvfo-00275-00069777-00070130 passed through Altai in 1926 Niklas
8dB74nFbvfo-00276-00070131-00070349 painted or at messenger of the white
8dB74nFbvfo-00277-00070350-00070553 Birkin based on his understanding of the
8dB74nFbvfo-00278-00070554-00070829 movement note that the paintings title
8dB74nFbvfo-00279-00070830-00071051 apparently gets the theology backward
8dB74nFbvfo-00280-00071052-00071276 it was rather white Birkin who was the
8dB74nFbvfo-00281-00071277-00071480 messenger for or at followers of Agni
8dB74nFbvfo-00282-00071481-00071699 yoga an esoteric movement founded by the
8dB74nFbvfo-00283-00071700-00071903 rare X have encouraged a recent revival
8dB74nFbvfo-00284-00071904-00072092 of interest in Birkin ism among non
8dB74nFbvfo-00285-00072093-00072347 Dalton's at the same time they have
8dB74nFbvfo-00286-00072348-00072542 insisted on a link with Tibetan Buddhism
8dB74nFbvfo-00287-00072543-00072701 and a veneration of mount belukha
8dB74nFbvfo-00288-00072702-00072941 elements not found in traditional birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00289-00072942-00073229 ism a number of Burque inist revival
8dB74nFbvfo-00290-00073230-00073484 organizations emerged during the 1990s
8dB74nFbvfo-00291-00073485-00073694 mostly as attempts to formulate or
8dB74nFbvfo-00292-00073695-00073895 preserve an Altai and ethno nationalist
8dB74nFbvfo-00293-00073896-00074156 identity to that end many of them have
8dB74nFbvfo-00294-00074157-00074339 been persuaded to reconsider earlier
8dB74nFbvfo-00295-00074340-00074537 Birkin isms vexed relationship with
8dB74nFbvfo-00296-00074538-00074822 shamanism and or Buddhism a list of
8dB74nFbvfo-00297-00074823-00074987 movements follows with the name of a
8dB74nFbvfo-00298-00074988-00075140 founder or leading supporter in
8dB74nFbvfo-00299-00075141-00075422 parentheses for more information see
8dB74nFbvfo-00300-00075423-00075608 Agnieszka Holland bazaar tickle linked
8dB74nFbvfo-00301-00075609-00075994 below act Jang Altaic Eason Ashkan
8dB74nFbvfo-00302-00075995-00076412 oksana Dijon de alekseeva de neri nina
8dB74nFbvfo-00303-00076413-00076742 antonova and Daniil mamaev I guess you
8dB74nFbvfo-00304-00076743-00077102 use Nikolay show diof Act Jane Sergei
8dB74nFbvfo-00305-00077103-00077768 kind of a guru Jan no single leader
8dB74nFbvfo-00306-00077769-00078358 topic English language sources
8dB74nFbvfo-00307-00078359-00078799 Andre Naaman ski power of myth David
8dB74nFbvfo-00308-00078800-00079138 Johnson what was in his Birkin ism
8dB74nFbvfo-00309-00079139-00079413 Andre Vina Grado ACK Jiang in the
8dB74nFbvfo-00310-00079414-00079779 context of Altai religious tradition
8dB74nFbvfo-00311-00079780-00080085 Agnieszka Halima contemporary religious
8dB74nFbvfo-00312-00080086-00080396 life in the republic of Altai
8dB74nFbvfo-00313-00080397-00080740 nikolai shadow f Altai Billick sabayon
8dB74nFbvfo-00314-00080741-00081166 Birkins
8dB74nFbvfo-00315-00081167-00081832 topic Russian language sources Russian
8dB74nFbvfo-00316-00081833-00082030 language source available for free from
8dB74nFbvfo-00317-00082031-00082237 the publisher is being translated into
8dB74nFbvfo-00318-00082238-00082513 English in 2016 Ludmilla sureste ova
8dB74nFbvfo-00319-00082514-00082831 berhan ism east okey religiosa birkin
8dB74nFbvfo-00320-00082832-00083053 ism sources of religion and nation
8dB74nFbvfo-00321-00083054-00083317 Tomsk State University Press 2010 a
8dB74nFbvfo-00322-00083318-00083461 reproduction of sureste OVAs
8dB74nFbvfo-00323-00083462-00083710 dissertation from 1986 which was a
8dB74nFbvfo-00324-00083711-00083899 result of the author's ethnographic
8dB74nFbvfo-00325-00083900-00084312 expeditions to Altai in 1976 to 1985
8dB74nFbvfo-00326-00084313-00084622 sureste ova Lyudmila taina delaney
8dB74nFbvfo-00327-00084623-00084817 tearing the secret of the tearing valley
8dB74nFbvfo-00328-00084818-00085249 gore no Altaic 1997 HTTP colon slash
8dB74nFbvfo-00329-00085250-00085672 slash LCC and dot lock gov 98 million
8dB74nFbvfo-00330-00085673-00085864 one hundred eighty nine thousand two
8dB74nFbvfo-00331-00085865-00086280 hundred twelve
8dB74nFbvfo-00332-00086281-00086643 topic references
8dB74nFbvfo-00333-00086644-00086804 you
8dB74nFbvfo-00334-00086805-00087011 you
8etXSwSQIuY-00000-00000146-00000682 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00001-00000683-00000908 what our learners like under
8etXSwSQIuY-00002-00000909-00001127 surveillance of missing lists my new
8etXSwSQIuY-00003-00001128-00001331 weeks I bethought me - use like yeah I'm
8etXSwSQIuY-00004-00001332-00001730 here with the Stephanie Stephanie Turkel
8etXSwSQIuY-00005-00001730-00002035 Turco we kerkovich kerkovich okay
8etXSwSQIuY-00006-00002036-00002317 Stephanie's is my friend she's from
8etXSwSQIuY-00007-00002318-00002546 United States of America what exactly
8etXSwSQIuY-00008-00002547-00002696 you're from Pittsburgh
8etXSwSQIuY-00009-00002697-00002924 I'm just Beaver County Beaver Falls
8etXSwSQIuY-00010-00002925-00003168 which is near Pittsburgh okay
8etXSwSQIuY-00011-00003169-00003308 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00012-00003309-00003586 which place do you prefer our Nana or
8etXSwSQIuY-00013-00003588-00003884 our Pittsburgh oh my heart is split oh
8etXSwSQIuY-00014-00003885-00004163 they're probably half in each place I
8etXSwSQIuY-00015-00004164-00004541 love Orlando but I grew up in she said
8etXSwSQIuY-00016-00004542-00005254 Brazil okay so now we are in Tulsa we
8etXSwSQIuY-00017-00005255-00005522 were here actually we out here we were
8etXSwSQIuY-00018-00005523-00006193 well yes but we came here for handsome
8etXSwSQIuY-00019-00006194-00006542 boy and Sunday it was so much fun we had
8etXSwSQIuY-00020-00006543-00006967 so much fun and now in Brazil there's a
8etXSwSQIuY-00021-00006968-00007355 song that everybody's talking about the
8etXSwSQIuY-00022-00007356-00007817 song is juntos it's a Brazilian version
8etXSwSQIuY-00023-00007818-00008170 of the song shower okay Lady Gaga is
8etXSwSQIuY-00024-00008172-00008399 singer of the song okay they've been
8etXSwSQIuY-00025-00008400-00008567 playing it a lot on the radio here so
8etXSwSQIuY-00026-00008568-00008710 that's mostly where I've heard it I
8etXSwSQIuY-00027-00008711-00008798 didn't see the movie
8etXSwSQIuY-00028-00008799-00009094 okay so I just hear on the radio huh and
8etXSwSQIuY-00029-00009095-00009494 now first we're going to to listen to
8etXSwSQIuY-00030-00009495-00009749 the Lady Gaga's version okay and then
8etXSwSQIuY-00031-00009750-00009899 we're going to listen to follow four
8etXSwSQIuY-00032-00009900-00010195 ninjas in the listen thinnest version
8etXSwSQIuY-00033-00010196-00010520 Beaufort manages is a Brazilian senior
8etXSwSQIuY-00034-00010521-00010727 okay listen then is another bruise in a
8etXSwSQIuY-00035-00010728-00011012 senior so do it yeah yeah it's a one
8etXSwSQIuY-00036-00011013-00011249 place Lady gaga one players Bradley
8etXSwSQIuY-00037-00011250-00011417 Cooper correct correct
8etXSwSQIuY-00038-00011418-00011570 she's his wife we're going to the sense
8etXSwSQIuY-00039-00011571-00012060 of the chorus okay here we go
8etXSwSQIuY-00040-00012061-00012570 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00041-00012571-00013694 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00042-00013696-00014544 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00043-00014544-00015634 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00044-00015635-00015999 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00045-00016000-00016341 okay so what does the lyric mean to use
8etXSwSQIuY-00046-00016343-00016639 if she's saying like so when somebody's
8etXSwSQIuY-00047-00016640-00016765 kind of like having a hard time we're
8etXSwSQIuY-00048-00016766-00016993 going crazy like um falling off the deep
8etXSwSQIuY-00049-00016994-00017293 end like or they say to you like oh that
8etXSwSQIuY-00050-00017294-00017428 person she's falling off the deep end
8etXSwSQIuY-00051-00017429-00017569 like sometimes when people are going
8etXSwSQIuY-00052-00017570-00017803 crazy so that's what she's saying she's
8etXSwSQIuY-00053-00017804-00018202 like oh I'm so like I'm I'm going crazy
8etXSwSQIuY-00054-00018203-00018523 like I'm off on the deep end right it
8etXSwSQIuY-00055-00018524-00018715 seems to be like a lot of emotion in
8etXSwSQIuY-00056-00018716-00018901 this song you know she's really put it
8etXSwSQIuY-00057-00018902-00019236 out there have you ever listened to
8etXSwSQIuY-00058-00019237-00019657 bruising in song before just the ones
8etXSwSQIuY-00059-00019658-00019938 that you played in the car for me okay
8etXSwSQIuY-00060-00019939-00020431 sandy and junior now you're going to
8etXSwSQIuY-00061-00020432-00020671 listen to audre notice unless something
8etXSwSQIuY-00062-00020672-00020959 are you ready for it ready oh my gosh
8etXSwSQIuY-00063-00020960-00021229 you better you better be ready here we
8etXSwSQIuY-00064-00021230-00022180 go Judas Judas is shallow now yes they
8etXSwSQIuY-00065-00022181-00022605 are
8etXSwSQIuY-00066-00022606-00022864 you're like they're sexy people
8etXSwSQIuY-00067-00022865-00024405 oh yes inquiry
8etXSwSQIuY-00068-00024406-00024639 like I hear all the words that I don't
8etXSwSQIuY-00069-00024640-00025053 know but then they she just says yeah
8etXSwSQIuY-00070-00025054-00025353 it's kind of a Portuguese word for
8etXSwSQIuY-00071-00025354-00025425 shallow
8etXSwSQIuY-00072-00025426-00025827 actually shallow means happy so why
8etXSwSQIuY-00073-00025828-00026227 doesn't she say how superficial super
8etXSwSQIuY-00074-00026227-00026482 yourself safe housing has a super
8etXSwSQIuY-00075-00026483-00026733 yourself yeah yeah either one or a
8etXSwSQIuY-00076-00026734-00027133 father so if you don't do a shallow now
8etXSwSQIuY-00077-00027133-00027439 in English would be together and shallow
8etXSwSQIuY-00078-00027439-00027702 now listen does it make sense when
8etXSwSQIuY-00079-00027703-00027918 somebody hey Stephanie together and
8etXSwSQIuY-00080-00027919-00030570 she'll know
8etXSwSQIuY-00081-00030572-00030864 [Applause]
8etXSwSQIuY-00082-00030864-00031825 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00083-00031826-00032560 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00084-00032561-00033200 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00085-00033201-00033989 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00086-00033990-00034410 [Music]
8etXSwSQIuY-00087-00034411-00034846 [Applause]
8etXSwSQIuY-00088-00034847-00035372 no cosmic bodies just just sounds like
8etXSwSQIuY-00089-00035373-00035663 something I understand yeah Nelson Smith
8etXSwSQIuY-00090-00035664-00036002 died diseases are half or halves or
8etXSwSQIuY-00091-00036003-00036248 halves I think a lot I don't know with
8etXSwSQIuY-00092-00036249-00036509 song lyrics that I know talking to like
8etXSwSQIuY-00093-00036510-00036734 people cuz I live in Florida so like a
8etXSwSQIuY-00094-00036735-00036968 lot of people speak Spanish and they'll
8etXSwSQIuY-00095-00036969-00037121 say stuff to me like well I don't know
8etXSwSQIuY-00096-00037122-00037322 how to say it in English like I don't
8etXSwSQIuY-00097-00037323-00037502 know how this phrase translates into
8etXSwSQIuY-00098-00037503-00037727 another it's a like another language so
8etXSwSQIuY-00099-00037728-00037943 maybe that's what's happening here but
8etXSwSQIuY-00100-00037944-00038327 it's not quite translate already as far
8etXSwSQIuY-00101-00038328-00038477 as the order of the words on how you
8etXSwSQIuY-00102-00038478-00041339 would say okay so which version do you
8etXSwSQIuY-00103-00041340-00041573 prefer Stephanie well obviously I prefer
8etXSwSQIuY-00104-00041574-00041768 the English and English versions you
8etXSwSQIuY-00105-00041769-00042059 know I get it okay all right Larry's if
8etXSwSQIuY-00106-00042060-00042254 you have any questions for Stephanie
8etXSwSQIuY-00107-00042255-00042602 believe them all here okay
8etXSwSQIuY-00108-00042603-00042800 leave your questions your comments
8etXSwSQIuY-00109-00042801-00043001 because she's going to be so happy to
8etXSwSQIuY-00110-00043002-00043250 answer you okay don't forget to follow
8etXSwSQIuY-00111-00043251-00043652 her on Instagram and also you have a
8etXSwSQIuY-00112-00043653-00043901 podcast yes me and Brian you might have
8etXSwSQIuY-00113-00043902-00044156 met Brian masterclass or seen him on
8etXSwSQIuY-00114-00044157-00044432 some other videos yes but we have a
8etXSwSQIuY-00115-00044433-00044618 Linda on context so you can go on there
8etXSwSQIuY-00116-00044619-00044758 listen
8etXSwSQIuY-00117-00044759-00044940 listening practice your English yes and
8etXSwSQIuY-00118-00044941-00045073 they stephanie has already made a video
8etXSwSQIuY-00119-00045074-00045379 with me yeah you talked about friends
8etXSwSQIuY-00120-00045380-00045628 three go green up th tensions
8etXSwSQIuY-00121-00045629-00045895 yes gringo pronunciation that's true so
8etXSwSQIuY-00122-00045896-00046054 the videos right here in the description
8etXSwSQIuY-00123-00046055-00046537 or here in the card so Stephanie thank
8etXSwSQIuY-00124-00046538-00046651 you so much for being here with us
8etXSwSQIuY-00125-00046652-00046887 hey you should know we're who doesn't
8etXSwSQIuY-00126-00046888-00047503 show up now so that's it for today thank
8etXSwSQIuY-00127-00047504-00047653 you so much for watching let me suppose
8etXSwSQIuY-00128-00047654-00048442 no say let me see see you around
8etXSwSQIuY-00129-00048443-00048745 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00000-00000167-00001050 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00001-00001051-00001366 thank you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00002-00001367-00002429 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00003-00002430-00002558 baby
8j2G7RgvoHI-00004-00002559-00003010 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00005-00003011-00003299 giving me wind away
8j2G7RgvoHI-00006-00003300-00003622 some kind of butterfly
8j2G7RgvoHI-00007-00003623-00003789 baby
8j2G7RgvoHI-00009-00008173-00008428 to fly
8j2G7RgvoHI-00010-00008429-00008586 baby
8j2G7RgvoHI-00011-00008587-00010756 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00012-00010757-00011069 oh
8j2G7RgvoHI-00013-00011070-00011627 but I don't wanna miss you baby
8j2G7RgvoHI-00014-00011628-00012169 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00015-00012170-00014425 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00016-00014426-00014975 maybe you'll give me prices
8j2G7RgvoHI-00017-00014976-00015191 fly
8j2G7RgvoHI-00018-00015191-00015635 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00019-00015636-00015834 baby
8j2G7RgvoHI-00020-00015835-00015926 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00021-00015927-00015976 [Applause]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00022-00015977-00018022 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00023-00018023-00018179 foreign
8j2G7RgvoHI-00024-00018180-00020407 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00025-00020408-00020548 [Applause]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00026-00020549-00020957 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00027-00020958-00021176 oh
8j2G7RgvoHI-00028-00021177-00021533 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00029-00021534-00021898 foreign
8j2G7RgvoHI-00030-00021899-00024383 [Music]
8j2G7RgvoHI-00031-00024384-00024628 you are treating since it is the way
8j2G7RgvoHI-00032-00024629-00024871 that you are thinking
8j2G7RgvoHI-00033-00024872-00025085 impersonal healing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00034-00025086-00025283 the very presence of one that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00035-00025284-00025486 understands the truth will have a great
8j2G7RgvoHI-00036-00025487-00025756 power of healing the reason for this is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00037-00025757-00026033 that we are all in mind and we have with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00038-00026033-00026290 us at all times our thought and since
8j2G7RgvoHI-00039-00026291-00026531 all manifestation is the result of Mind
8j2G7RgvoHI-00040-00026532-00026818 in action and we are thinking beings and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00041-00026819-00027101 are always causing mind to act the very
8j2G7RgvoHI-00042-00027102-00027287 presence of our thought will have some
8j2G7RgvoHI-00043-00027288-00027496 power to act upon whatever we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00044-00027497-00027718 thinking about we are dealing with the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00045-00027719-00028007 power which in itself is Limitless we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00046-00028008-00028252 limit it and so it cannot be come to us
8j2G7RgvoHI-00047-00028254-00028408 the bigger thing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00048-00028410-00028667 of itself the power is the same that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00049-00028668-00028889 made the worlds and it cannot realize
8j2G7RgvoHI-00050-00028889-00029081 any sense of limitation
8j2G7RgvoHI-00051-00029082-00029296 they could not enter in because of their
8j2G7RgvoHI-00052-00029297-00029543 unbelief and because they limited the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00053-00029544-00029861 Holy One of Israel stop limiting things
8j2G7RgvoHI-00054-00029862-00030143 things are as big as we make them no
8j2G7RgvoHI-00055-00030144-00030437 more no less there is room at the top
8j2G7RgvoHI-00056-00030438-00030724 get on top of everything and dare to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00057-00030725-00030995 dominate the Earth all things are given
8j2G7RgvoHI-00058-00030995-00031295 us to use make use of them everything is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00059-00031295-00031546 Limitless and we must see the truth that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00060-00031547-00031733 the fault is not in the law but in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00061-00031733-00032039 ourselves when we fail not with God but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00062-00032039-00032501 with man dare dare dare think of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00063-00032502-00032740 bigness of things in the universe think
8j2G7RgvoHI-00064-00032741-00032957 of the number of grains of sand the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00065-00032958-00033215 perfusion of all life and never again
8j2G7RgvoHI-00066-00033216-00033640 limit anything all is yours to use Jesus
8j2G7RgvoHI-00067-00033641-00033785 would never have become the Christ
8j2G7RgvoHI-00068-00033786-00034012 unless he had had the courage to say
8j2G7RgvoHI-00069-00034013-00034367 behold I am he you will never attain
8j2G7RgvoHI-00070-00034368-00034607 until in some degree you are able to say
8j2G7RgvoHI-00071-00034608-00034883 the same thing of yourself we must learn
8j2G7RgvoHI-00072-00034884-00035062 to reach out and take what is meant for
8j2G7RgvoHI-00073-00035063-00035405 us us the Greater Life the all good
8j2G7RgvoHI-00074-00035406-00035729 people say yes but how do you do it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00075-00035730-00035962 simply know that God makes things out of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00076-00035963-00036227 himself by speaking the word and that in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00077-00036228-00036485 your own life you can do the same all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00078-00036486-00036707 people can think and all people can
8j2G7RgvoHI-00079-00036708-00037043 speak at least mentally this is all that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00080-00037044-00037283 you need to begin on the word is at the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00081-00037284-00037511 center of all creation and is first
8j2G7RgvoHI-00082-00037512-00037757 cause the starting point of all that you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00083-00037758-00037840 see
8j2G7RgvoHI-00084-00037841-00038111 the word is in your own mouth and all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00085-00038112-00038368 that you have to do is to speak it the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00086-00038369-00038555 trouble is that we are speaking the word
8j2G7RgvoHI-00087-00038556-00038777 and in the next breath we are denying
8j2G7RgvoHI-00088-00038778-00038951 its power by saying something that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00089-00038952-00039215 contradicts it if the word is the way
8j2G7RgvoHI-00090-00039216-00039502 that God creates it is the right way if
8j2G7RgvoHI-00091-00039503-00039718 it works for God shall it not work for
8j2G7RgvoHI-00092-00039719-00039815 us
8j2G7RgvoHI-00093-00039816-00040067 as yet our word is more or less
8j2G7RgvoHI-00094-00040068-00040301 imperfect but more and more it will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00095-00040302-00040517 become perfect and so the outer
8j2G7RgvoHI-00096-00040518-00040696 condition will be brought up to the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00097-00040697-00040979 inner word all words have as much power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00098-00040980-00041243 as we put into them when we speak the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00099-00041244-00041549 word is already in our own mouths that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00100-00041550-00041771 word is all that you will ever need to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00101-00041772-00042011 bring happiness health and success to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00102-00042012-00042245 you do you wish to live in a perfect
8j2G7RgvoHI-00103-00042246-00042473 world peopled with friends who love you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00104-00042474-00042677 surrounded by all that is beautiful and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00105-00042678-00042923 pleasing do you wish to have the good
8j2G7RgvoHI-00106-00042924-00043211 things of Life there is but one way and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00107-00043212-00043427 that way is as sure as the sun shines
8j2G7RgvoHI-00108-00043428-00043727 forget all else and think only upon what
8j2G7RgvoHI-00109-00043728-00043996 you want control all thought that denies
8j2G7RgvoHI-00110-00043997-00044261 the real and as the Mist disappears
8j2G7RgvoHI-00111-00044262-00044530 before the Sun so shall all adversity
8j2G7RgvoHI-00112-00044531-00044771 melt before The Shining Radiance of your
8j2G7RgvoHI-00113-00044772-00044951 own exalted thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00114-00044952-00045190 The Prodigal Son remained a prodigal
8j2G7RgvoHI-00115-00045191-00045473 only so long as he chose to do so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00116-00045474-00045665 When the Thought came to him to return
8j2G7RgvoHI-00117-00045666-00045874 he was greeted by the father with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00118-00045875-00046180 outstretched hands so shall we find that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00119-00046181-00046367 when we turn to that world which is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00120-00046368-00046558 perfect there will be something that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00121-00046559-00046805 will turn with us and We Shall Behold
8j2G7RgvoHI-00122-00046806-00047027 the new Heaven and the new Earth
8j2G7RgvoHI-00123-00047028-00047261 not in some far-off place somewhere
8j2G7RgvoHI-00124-00047262-00047561 beyond the clouds But Here and Now shall
8j2G7RgvoHI-00125-00047562-00047849 we become free we must do away with all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00126-00047850-00048101 that hinders the true growth all little
8j2G7RgvoHI-00127-00048102-00048287 thoughts that hinder us from becoming
8j2G7RgvoHI-00128-00048288-00048557 human Strife comes from the thought that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00129-00048558-00048790 there is not enough to go around forget
8j2G7RgvoHI-00130-00048791-00049102 it we cannot use even what we see and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00131-00049103-00049379 what we do not see is infinite you will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00132-00049380-00049637 rob No One by becoming prosperous and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00133-00049638-00049823 the laws that underlie this state of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00134-00049824-00050046 being are simple and easy to understand
8j2G7RgvoHI-00135-00050047-00050315 and not hard to attain for the one who
8j2G7RgvoHI-00136-00050316-00050495 is willing to let go of the negative
8j2G7RgvoHI-00137-00050496-00050712 state of being
8j2G7RgvoHI-00138-00050713-00050867 prosperity
8j2G7RgvoHI-00139-00050868-00051089 here are a few simple rules for
8j2G7RgvoHI-00140-00051090-00051287 Prosperity that are as sure of working
8j2G7RgvoHI-00141-00051288-00051592 as that water is sure to be wet first
8j2G7RgvoHI-00142-00051594-00051804 remember that nothing happens by chance
8j2G7RgvoHI-00143-00051805-00052192 all is Law and all is order you create
8j2G7RgvoHI-00144-00052194-00052511 your own laws every time you think there
8j2G7RgvoHI-00145-00052512-00052787 is something call it what you will but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00146-00052788-00053003 there is a power around you that knows
8j2G7RgvoHI-00147-00053004-00053279 and that understands all things this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00148-00053279-00053537 power works like the soil it receives
8j2G7RgvoHI-00149-00053538-00053741 the seed of your thought and at once
8j2G7RgvoHI-00150-00053741-00053987 begins to operate upon it it will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00151-00053988-00054244 receive whatever you give to it and will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00152-00054245-00054442 create for you and throw back at you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00153-00054444-00054713 whatever you think into it this means
8j2G7RgvoHI-00154-00054714-00054880 that the practitioner should be very
8j2G7RgvoHI-00155-00054882-00055169 careful how he is thinking at all times
8j2G7RgvoHI-00156-00055170-00055409 not alone in the moments of the deeper
8j2G7RgvoHI-00157-00055410-00055673 silence are we treating our patients but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00158-00055674-00055859 perhaps more than this we are treating
8j2G7RgvoHI-00159-00055860-00056080 them in an impersonal way at all times
8j2G7RgvoHI-00160-00056082-00056326 when we take a patient into our thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00161-00056327-00056554 for a treatment there will be a constant
8j2G7RgvoHI-00162-00056555-00056759 stream of Consciousness flowing out to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00163-00056760-00056975 him during all the time that he is in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00164-00056976-00057209 her care we should be very careful of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00165-00057210-00057413 our thoughts as we realize the Deep
8j2G7RgvoHI-00166-00057414-00057766 truths of mental action and reaction
8j2G7RgvoHI-00167-00057767-00058097 what is the spiritual mind what is true
8j2G7RgvoHI-00168-00058098-00058379 spirituality many people have asked this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00169-00058379-00058654 and as many have answered it I do not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00170-00058655-00058816 pretend to know more about this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00171-00058817-00059057 all-important topic than others but to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00172-00059058-00059225 the thinking person who has come to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00173-00059226-00059500 realize that all is love yet at the same
8j2G7RgvoHI-00174-00059501-00059729 time all is governed by law there must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00175-00059729-00059926 be a different answer given than the one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00176-00059927-00060107 we ordinarily hear
8j2G7RgvoHI-00177-00060108-00060365 the average religious person thinks that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00178-00060366-00060592 spirituality must manifest in some
8j2G7RgvoHI-00179-00060594-00060844 unnatural way such as giving up all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00180-00060845-00061054 personal pleasure and becoming resigned
8j2G7RgvoHI-00181-00061055-00061300 to whatever happens that we must give up
8j2G7RgvoHI-00182-00061301-00061559 most of what life holds here that in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00183-00061560-00061763 some far-off future perhaps we may
8j2G7RgvoHI-00184-00061764-00062026 attain this is not the case with the man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00185-00062027-00062297 Jesus we have more accounts of his being
8j2G7RgvoHI-00186-00062298-00062482 at feasts and weddings and similar
8j2G7RgvoHI-00187-00062483-00062753 Gatherings than at other places his
8j2G7RgvoHI-00188-00062754-00062938 first miracle was performed at a wedding
8j2G7RgvoHI-00189-00062939-00063238 feast and we must remember that here he
8j2G7RgvoHI-00190-00063239-00063430 even turned water into wine for the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00191-00063432-00063600 pleasure of the guests of the house
8j2G7RgvoHI-00192-00063601-00063826 perhaps we have made a mistake about
8j2G7RgvoHI-00193-00063827-00064121 what true spirituality means other
8j2G7RgvoHI-00194-00064122-00064319 people think we must live some kind of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00195-00064320-00064549 an excluded life in order to obtain
8j2G7RgvoHI-00196-00064550-00064787 perhaps this may be true of the weak
8j2G7RgvoHI-00197-00064788-00065063 ones but what of the world what of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00198-00065064-00065369 busy street is it not to be saved also
8j2G7RgvoHI-00199-00065370-00065585 Jesus spent much time with the common
8j2G7RgvoHI-00200-00065586-00065861 people as well as with the rich and it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00201-00065862-00066053 is certain that he also spent much time
8j2G7RgvoHI-00202-00066054-00066232 alone with the spirit
8j2G7RgvoHI-00203-00066233-00066532 what is the spirit anyway we all answer
8j2G7RgvoHI-00204-00066533-00066844 why of course it is God where is the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00205-00066845-00067132 spirit it is present at all times and in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00206-00067133-00067450 all places true spirituality must simply
8j2G7RgvoHI-00207-00067451-00067685 mean coming to realize the presence of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00208-00067686-00067967 this Spirit it must be coming to rely
8j2G7RgvoHI-00209-00067968-00068237 upon it more than anything else the one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00210-00068238-00068465 then who is the most spiritual is simply
8j2G7RgvoHI-00211-00068466-00068735 the one who realized the most that's all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00212-00068736-00069065 no matter where he is he must rely he
8j2G7RgvoHI-00213-00069066-00069299 must trust he must believe
8j2G7RgvoHI-00214-00069300-00069526 we do not have to give up anything but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00215-00069527-00069785 negative thought and act we do not want
8j2G7RgvoHI-00216-00069786-00069976 to do anything that contradicts the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00217-00069977-00070175 forward March of the unfoldment of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00218-00070176-00070463 spirit so all that we think and do must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00219-00070464-00070721 be in line with that which is right but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00220-00070722-00070925 who shall say what is and what is not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00221-00070926-00071015 right
8j2G7RgvoHI-00222-00071016-00071338 remember this forever only your own soul
8j2G7RgvoHI-00223-00071339-00071549 can say what is right and what is wrong
8j2G7RgvoHI-00224-00071550-00071825 to thine own self be true and it shall
8j2G7RgvoHI-00225-00071826-00072071 follow us the night the day thou canst
8j2G7RgvoHI-00226-00072072-00072275 not then be false to any man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00227-00072276-00072575 look to no one for guidance this is the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00228-00072576-00072856 blind leading the blind the almighty has
8j2G7RgvoHI-00229-00072857-00073126 put the truth into your own soul look
8j2G7RgvoHI-00230-00073127-00073403 there and there alone for it many people
8j2G7RgvoHI-00231-00073404-00073594 seem to think that for a man to look
8j2G7RgvoHI-00232-00073595-00073823 spiritual he must have no color in his
8j2G7RgvoHI-00233-00073824-00074182 face have some kind of far away truth he
8j2G7RgvoHI-00234-00074183-00074411 must be peculiar either in looks or in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00235-00074412-00074687 the way he dresses to one who knows the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00236-00074688-00074921 truth both prays and blame sound alike
8j2G7RgvoHI-00237-00074922-00075185 but from the human standpoint at least a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00238-00075186-00075382 person cannot help being amused at the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00239-00075383-00075575 way in which the world judges true
8j2G7RgvoHI-00240-00075576-00075844 spirituality my idea of true
8j2G7RgvoHI-00241-00075845-00076109 spirituality is that a man should live a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00242-00076110-00076415 perfectly normal life entering into and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00243-00076416-00076643 enjoying all in life that is clean and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00244-00076644-00076912 good he should Place himself absolutely
8j2G7RgvoHI-00245-00076913-00077194 under the Divine guidance other than
8j2G7RgvoHI-00246-00077195-00077375 this he will seem just like other people
8j2G7RgvoHI-00247-00077376-00077693 neither better nor worse get over all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00248-00077694-00077879 kinds of unnatural thought and remember
8j2G7RgvoHI-00249-00077880-00078179 that all is good neither criticize nor
8j2G7RgvoHI-00250-00078180-00078388 condemn people or things
8j2G7RgvoHI-00251-00078389-00078641 You Are Spiritual insofar as you trust
8j2G7RgvoHI-00252-00078642-00078917 in the spirit at all times in all places
8j2G7RgvoHI-00253-00078918-00079150 under all conditions
8j2G7RgvoHI-00254-00079151-00079379 in order to do this you do not have to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00255-00079380-00079643 seclude yourself from the world to do so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00256-00079644-00079847 is an open confession of your own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00257-00079848-00080105 weakness and lack there are moments when
8j2G7RgvoHI-00258-00080106-00080285 it is best to be alone with the power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00259-00080286-00080621 from these moments We Gather strength to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00260-00080622-00080825 keep that strength to ourselves is pure
8j2G7RgvoHI-00261-00080826-00081131 selfishness walk talk live with the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00262-00081132-00081400 human race hand in hand with all people
8j2G7RgvoHI-00263-00081401-00081731 and unified with all events live and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00264-00081732-00082126 love and learn be natural and normal if
8j2G7RgvoHI-00265-00082127-00082337 you seek to enter some other way it must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00266-00082338-00082600 be done over again for no one lives or
8j2G7RgvoHI-00267-00082601-00082955 dies unto himself but unto all people
8j2G7RgvoHI-00268-00082956-00083153 the Church of God
8j2G7RgvoHI-00269-00083154-00083344 the Church of God is not built with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00270-00083345-00083632 hands it is eternal in the heavens it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00271-00083633-00083867 not lighted with candles its Dome is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00272-00083868-00084082 heaven and it is lighted by the stars of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00273-00084083-00084317 God's illuminant thought and each member
8j2G7RgvoHI-00274-00084318-00084526 in his separate star shall draw the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00275-00084527-00084755 thing as he sees it for the god of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00276-00084756-00084923 things as they are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00277-00084924-00085175 here all people recognize the God within
8j2G7RgvoHI-00278-00085176-00085432 their own souls and ask for and see no
8j2G7RgvoHI-00279-00085433-00085685 other God when you can look upon all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00280-00085686-00085906 creation as the perfect work of a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00281-00085907-00086153 perfect God you will become a member of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00282-00086154-00086441 this church I doubt very much if the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00283-00086442-00086662 church Universal admits members from the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00284-00086663-00086812 church individual
8j2G7RgvoHI-00285-00086813-00087035 when you can see in the Saint and The
8j2G7RgvoHI-00286-00087036-00087305 Sinner one in the same person when you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00287-00087306-00087485 can realize that the one who kneels
8j2G7RgvoHI-00288-00087486-00087706 before the Altar and the one who lies
8j2G7RgvoHI-00289-00087707-00087947 drunk in the street is the same one when
8j2G7RgvoHI-00290-00087948-00088144 you can love the one as much as you do
8j2G7RgvoHI-00291-00088145-00088367 the other no doubt you will be able to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00292-00088368-00088679 qualify as it is now we have too many
8j2G7RgvoHI-00293-00088680-00088918 preachers who do not understand that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00294-00088919-00089165 have no purpose too many prayers too
8j2G7RgvoHI-00295-00089166-00089405 many Creeds too many teachers that have
8j2G7RgvoHI-00296-00089406-00089681 no message too many churches too many
8j2G7RgvoHI-00297-00089682-00090023 learned people and too few thinkers
8j2G7RgvoHI-00298-00090024-00090244 the Kingdom of Heaven cometh not by
8j2G7RgvoHI-00299-00090245-00090538 observation it is the still small voice
8j2G7RgvoHI-00300-00090539-00090838 within the soul that speaks the expanded
8j2G7RgvoHI-00301-00090839-00091055 thought will never wish to join or be
8j2G7RgvoHI-00302-00091056-00091325 joined to nothing human can contain it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00303-00091326-00091582 it feels the limitation of form and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00304-00091583-00091787 ceremony and Longs for the freedom of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00305-00091788-00092050 the spirit the great Out of Doors the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00306-00092051-00092326 great God of everywhere alone in the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00307-00092327-00092512 desert the forest or by the Restless
8j2G7RgvoHI-00308-00092513-00092782 ocean looking up at the stars man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00309-00092783-00093076 breathes forth these words with only my
8j2G7RgvoHI-00310-00093077-00093281 maker and me
8j2G7RgvoHI-00311-00093282-00093515 the path to prosperity
8j2G7RgvoHI-00312-00093516-00093731 the healing of conditions is no
8j2G7RgvoHI-00313-00093732-00094000 different from other healing all healing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00314-00094001-00094235 is the constructive use of a mental law
8j2G7RgvoHI-00315-00094236-00094415 which the world is gradually beginning
8j2G7RgvoHI-00316-00094416-00094703 to understand something of again we must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00317-00094704-00095015 reiterate the principle of all life we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00318-00095016-00095218 are surrounded by a thinking medium from
8j2G7RgvoHI-00319-00095219-00095476 which all things come we think into it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00320-00095477-00095776 it does the rest since we are thinking
8j2G7RgvoHI-00321-00095777-00096017 beings and cannot stop thinking and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00322-00096018-00096226 sense creative mind receives our thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00323-00096227-00096485 and cannot stop creating it must always
8j2G7RgvoHI-00324-00096486-00096694 be making something for us
8j2G7RgvoHI-00325-00096695-00096982 what it will make depends absolutely and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00326-00096983-00097282 only upon what we are thinking and what
8j2G7RgvoHI-00327-00097283-00097487 we will attract will depend entirely
8j2G7RgvoHI-00328-00097488-00097703 Upon Our holding thought to the complete
8j2G7RgvoHI-00329-00097704-00097912 exclusion of all that would contradict
8j2G7RgvoHI-00330-00097913-00098147 it it is not enough that we should sit
8j2G7RgvoHI-00331-00098148-00098443 down and say I am one with infinite life
8j2G7RgvoHI-00332-00098444-00098747 this must mean more than mere words it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00333-00098748-00098975 must be felt it must become an
8j2G7RgvoHI-00334-00098976-00099209 embodiment of a positive mental attitude
8j2G7RgvoHI-00335-00099210-00099443 it is not claiming something to be true
8j2G7RgvoHI-00336-00099444-00099647 which is going to happen it is not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00337-00099648-00099923 sending out an aspiration or a desire or
8j2G7RgvoHI-00338-00099924-00100174 a supplication or a prayer it must be
8j2G7RgvoHI-00339-00100175-00100397 the embodiment of that which knows that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00340-00100398-00100547 now it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00341-00100548-00100787 this is more than holding a thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00342-00100788-00101068 our ability to attract will depend upon
8j2G7RgvoHI-00343-00101069-00101303 the largeness of our thought as we feel
8j2G7RgvoHI-00344-00101304-00101573 that it flows out into a great Universal
8j2G7RgvoHI-00345-00101574-00101867 creative power we are dealing with the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00346-00101868-00102112 form in thought and not with the form in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00347-00102113-00102365 matter we have learned that when we get
8j2G7RgvoHI-00348-00102366-00102599 the true form in thought and permeate it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00349-00102600-00102868 with the spirit of belief we will see
8j2G7RgvoHI-00350-00102869-00103054 the thought made flesh without any
8j2G7RgvoHI-00351-00103055-00103271 further effort on our part
8j2G7RgvoHI-00352-00103272-00103492 thought can attract us only to that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00353-00103493-00103804 which we first mentally embody we cannot
8j2G7RgvoHI-00354-00103805-00104003 attract to ourselves that which we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00355-00104004-00104290 not we can attract in the outer only
8j2G7RgvoHI-00356-00104291-00104477 that which we have first completely
8j2G7RgvoHI-00357-00104478-00104777 mentally embodied within that which has
8j2G7RgvoHI-00358-00104778-00105034 become a part of our mental makeup a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00359-00105035-00105263 part of our inner understanding
8j2G7RgvoHI-00360-00105264-00105508 a man going into business will attract
8j2G7RgvoHI-00361-00105509-00105683 to himself that which he thinks about
8j2G7RgvoHI-00362-00105683-00105928 the most if he is a barber he will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00363-00105929-00106121 attract people who want to be shaved or
8j2G7RgvoHI-00364-00106122-00106390 have their hair cut if he sells shoes he
8j2G7RgvoHI-00365-00106391-00106540 will attract people who want to buy
8j2G7RgvoHI-00366-00106541-00106840 shoes so it is with everything we will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00367-00106841-00107045 not only do this but we will also
8j2G7RgvoHI-00368-00107046-00107249 attract as much of anything as we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00369-00107250-00107501 mentally embody this is apt to be
8j2G7RgvoHI-00370-00107502-00107693 overlooked in the study of metaphysics
8j2G7RgvoHI-00371-00107694-00107945 it is not enough to say that we attract
8j2G7RgvoHI-00372-00107946-00108202 what we think we become what we think
8j2G7RgvoHI-00373-00108203-00108551 and what we become we will attract
8j2G7RgvoHI-00374-00108552-00108778 do not become merely sentimental about
8j2G7RgvoHI-00375-00108779-00109036 this your life is governed by more than
8j2G7RgvoHI-00376-00109038-00109271 a sentiment it is governed by law
8j2G7RgvoHI-00377-00109272-00109445 something that cannot be broken
8j2G7RgvoHI-00378-00109446-00109684 something that picks up every mental
8j2G7RgvoHI-00379-00109685-00109925 attitude and does something with it this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00380-00109926-00110110 fundamental proposition of the law
8j2G7RgvoHI-00381-00110111-00110345 should then work out into our conditions
8j2G7RgvoHI-00382-00110346-00110633 always remember that it does just as we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00383-00110633-00110902 think it does not argue it simply does
8j2G7RgvoHI-00384-00110903-00111202 the thing as we think it now how are we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00385-00111203-00111478 thinking never ask a patient how he is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00386-00111479-00111708 feeling ask how are you thinking today
8j2G7RgvoHI-00387-00111709-00112013 this is the only thing that matters
8j2G7RgvoHI-00388-00112014-00112247 how are we thinking about life and our
8j2G7RgvoHI-00389-00112248-00112493 conditions are we receiving the race
8j2G7RgvoHI-00390-00112494-00112697 suggestion are we saying that there is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00391-00112698-00112960 not enough to go around if we are saying
8j2G7RgvoHI-00392-00112961-00113207 this it is our belief and there is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00393-00113208-00113369 something that will see that it becomes
8j2G7RgvoHI-00394-00113370-00113615 a part of our expression most people
8j2G7RgvoHI-00395-00113616-00113819 through ignorance of the higher laws of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00396-00113820-00114004 their being are suffering from the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00397-00114005-00114190 thoughts imposed upon them from a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00398-00114191-00114473 negative and doubtful world we who are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00399-00114474-00114683 claiming the use of the greater law must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00400-00114683-00114910 emancipate ourselves from all sense of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00401-00114911-00115193 limitation we are not to be governed by
8j2G7RgvoHI-00402-00115194-00115427 the outer confusion but by the inner
8j2G7RgvoHI-00403-00115428-00115708 realization we are to judge life not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00404-00115709-00115871 from the way that things in the past
8j2G7RgvoHI-00405-00115872-00116104 have been done but from the way that the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00406-00116105-00116297 spirit does things
8j2G7RgvoHI-00407-00116298-00116507 the way of the spirit
8j2G7RgvoHI-00408-00116508-00116777 again let us say that the spirit creates
8j2G7RgvoHI-00409-00116778-00116986 by becoming the thing that it thinks
8j2G7RgvoHI-00410-00116988-00117245 there is no other possible way in which
8j2G7RgvoHI-00411-00117246-00117527 it could work since it is all and there
8j2G7RgvoHI-00412-00117528-00117743 is no other the thought of opposing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00413-00117744-00117958 forces never enters into its mental
8j2G7RgvoHI-00414-00117959-00118193 working when we are judging from the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00415-00118194-00118397 outer we are not working in line with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00416-00118398-00118613 the power that we should be using
8j2G7RgvoHI-00417-00118614-00118834 we must come to see that there is only
8j2G7RgvoHI-00418-00118835-00119134 one power and that we are touching it at
8j2G7RgvoHI-00419-00119135-00119393 all points for there is not a power of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00420-00119394-00119710 poverty and a power of prosperity there
8j2G7RgvoHI-00421-00119711-00119915 is the one becoming the many
8j2G7RgvoHI-00422-00119916-00120215 it makes and it unmates that a higher
8j2G7RgvoHI-00423-00120216-00120407 form may appear to express through it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00424-00120408-00120665 all that is not in line with its forward
8j2G7RgvoHI-00425-00120666-00120923 movement will soon pass away for it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00426-00120924-00121258 recognizes no opposite as far as we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00427-00121259-00121493 concerned what we are and what we are to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00428-00121494-00121763 become depends only upon what we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00429-00121764-00122002 thinking for this is the way that we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00430-00122003-00122290 using creative power the sooner we get
8j2G7RgvoHI-00431-00122291-00122465 away from the thought that we have to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00432-00122466-00122675 create the sooner we will be able to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00433-00122676-00122957 work in line with the spirit always man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00434-00122958-00123286 uses he never creates anything the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00435-00123288-00123484 United intelligence of the human race
8j2G7RgvoHI-00436-00123485-00123773 could not make a single Rosebud it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00437-00123774-00124001 not know enough but our slightest
8j2G7RgvoHI-00438-00124002-00124228 thought adrift in mind causes the same
8j2G7RgvoHI-00439-00124229-00124433 power that makes all things to create
8j2G7RgvoHI-00440-00124433-00124733 for us the great error of the race is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00441-00124733-00124966 and always has been that men have
8j2G7RgvoHI-00442-00124967-00125152 thought to give a physical reason for
8j2G7RgvoHI-00443-00125153-00125440 things when that reason has not answered
8j2G7RgvoHI-00444-00125441-00125693 the problem of Life they have sought out
8j2G7RgvoHI-00445-00125694-00125945 some other reason just as physical
8j2G7RgvoHI-00446-00125946-00126197 the fact that they are all wrong is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00447-00126198-00126425 shown that in every generation has found
8j2G7RgvoHI-00448-00126426-00126695 a different reason when truth is found
8j2G7RgvoHI-00449-00126696-00126923 it will also be found that it never
8j2G7RgvoHI-00450-00126924-00127115 changes to suit the whim of the human
8j2G7RgvoHI-00451-00127116-00127421 fancy this is proven by the fact that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00452-00127422-00127660 whatever of the real truth the race has
8j2G7RgvoHI-00453-00127661-00127949 discovered has never been changed the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00454-00127950-00128128 truth that was revealed to the prophets
8j2G7RgvoHI-00455-00128129-00128399 of old has never changed it is the same
8j2G7RgvoHI-00456-00128400-00128658 today as it was thousands of years ago
8j2G7RgvoHI-00457-00128659-00129016 whoever touches truth no matter in what
8j2G7RgvoHI-00458-00129017-00129257 generation will always get the same
8j2G7RgvoHI-00459-00129258-00129545 answer the great truth that was revealed
8j2G7RgvoHI-00460-00129546-00129802 from Moses to the time of Jesus is the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00461-00129803-00130019 same truth that is still revealed to all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00462-00130020-00130373 who will accept it it is simply this we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00463-00130374-00130577 are now living in a spiritual Universe
8j2G7RgvoHI-00464-00130578-00130810 governed by mental laws of cause and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00465-00130811-00131075 effect Moses saw it mostly from the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00466-00131076-00131261 standpoint of the law of cause and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00467-00131262-00131549 effect an eye for an eye what does this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00468-00131550-00131921 mean it means as Jesus said as a man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00469-00131922-00132245 Souls so shall he reap Moses saw the law
8j2G7RgvoHI-00470-00132246-00132604 Jesus saw not only the law I am not come
8j2G7RgvoHI-00471-00132605-00132911 to destroy but to fulfill but he saw
8j2G7RgvoHI-00472-00132912-00133169 behind the law the reason for it and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00473-00133170-00133433 reveal behind all law the great lawgiver
8j2G7RgvoHI-00474-00133434-00133678 a god of love working out the great
8j2G7RgvoHI-00475-00133679-00133895 inner concepts of his own being in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00476-00133896-00134178 Harmony and in Beauty filled with peace
8j2G7RgvoHI-00477-00134179-00134471 causing the sun to shine alike upon the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00478-00134472-00134645 just and the unjust
8j2G7RgvoHI-00479-00134646-00134914 Jesus did not try to overcome the use of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00480-00134915-00135233 law he understood all law and he well
8j2G7RgvoHI-00481-00135234-00135521 knew that all law was at his command he
8j2G7RgvoHI-00482-00135522-00135814 did not break the law he fulfilled it so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00483-00135815-00136061 we must find that all is at our Command
8j2G7RgvoHI-00484-00136062-00136325 through these same laws the man who
8j2G7RgvoHI-00485-00136326-00136528 understands law and complies with it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00486-00136529-00136757 will have no difficulty in demonstrating
8j2G7RgvoHI-00487-00136758-00137014 that it is as true for him as it ever
8j2G7RgvoHI-00488-00137015-00137213 was for anyone else
8j2G7RgvoHI-00489-00137214-00137459 what then are the laws underlying
8j2G7RgvoHI-00490-00137460-00137789 Prosperity the first is this and we must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00491-00137790-00138064 not try to escape it Thou shalt have no
8j2G7RgvoHI-00492-00138065-00138378 other gods before me this me is Spirit
8j2G7RgvoHI-00493-00138379-00138652 we are then to trust only in the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00494-00138653-00138940 activity of spirit for what we need but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00495-00138941-00139163 the world will say human things come
8j2G7RgvoHI-00496-00139164-00139463 through human agencies this may be true
8j2G7RgvoHI-00497-00139464-00139690 but we must realize that the power we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00498-00139691-00139943 are dealing with also has within its own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00499-00139944-00140273 mind all people and all things we do not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00500-00140274-00140525 have to treat people what we have to do
8j2G7RgvoHI-00501-00140526-00140854 is to embody principle principle may use
8j2G7RgvoHI-00502-00140855-00141107 people but that is no part of our
8j2G7RgvoHI-00503-00141108-00141407 responsibility ultimately all is spirit
8j2G7RgvoHI-00504-00141408-00141677 and spirit which is the beginning is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00505-00141678-00141983 also the end of all manifestation I am
8j2G7RgvoHI-00506-00141984-00142307 the Alpha and the Omega our life then is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00507-00142308-00142577 to be governed by Spirit we need look no
8j2G7RgvoHI-00508-00142578-00142678 further
8j2G7RgvoHI-00509-00142679-00142931 it will do for us all that we will ever
8j2G7RgvoHI-00510-00142932-00143297 ask provided we believe why then has it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00511-00143298-00143590 not done so the answer is that it has
8j2G7RgvoHI-00512-00143591-00143813 already been done so but we have not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00513-00143814-00144089 received it the spirit may offer but we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00514-00144090-00144299 must accept the gift before it can be
8j2G7RgvoHI-00515-00144300-00144581 made behold I stand at the door and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00516-00144582-00144839 knock we must understand that this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00517-00144840-00145109 receiving is a mental process it is one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00518-00145110-00145390 of mentally taking the way then that we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00519-00145391-00145564 are using our mind through our thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00520-00145565-00145751 is the way that we are treating
8j2G7RgvoHI-00521-00145752-00146116 ourselves for Prosperity so simple and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00522-00146117-00146369 yet we have not understood it if a man
8j2G7RgvoHI-00523-00146370-00146740 says I have not he will not receive if
8j2G7RgvoHI-00524-00146741-00147052 he says I have he will receive
8j2G7RgvoHI-00525-00147053-00147311 to those who have shall be given and to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00526-00147312-00147502 those who have not shall be taken away
8j2G7RgvoHI-00527-00147503-00147725 even that which they have
8j2G7RgvoHI-00528-00147726-00147983 this is a veiled statement of the law of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00529-00147984-00148271 cause and effect when you send out into
8j2G7RgvoHI-00530-00148272-00148504 mind the thought that you have not it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00531-00148505-00148763 accepts the idea and takes away from you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00532-00148764-00148949 that which you have
8j2G7RgvoHI-00533-00148950-00149254 reverse the process and say I have and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00534-00149255-00149447 it will at once set to work to create
8j2G7RgvoHI-00535-00149448-00149687 for you even more than you now possess
8j2G7RgvoHI-00536-00149688-00149963 you will readily see then that you are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00537-00149964-00150190 not dealing with two Powers but with one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00538-00150191-00150443 and that it operates through your own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00539-00150444-00150527 thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00540-00150528-00150899 doing unto all even as they believe
8j2G7RgvoHI-00541-00150900-00151151 the level of consciousness
8j2G7RgvoHI-00542-00151152-00151433 since all is mind and it is done unto us
8j2G7RgvoHI-00543-00151434-00151709 as we mentally think all life is simply
8j2G7RgvoHI-00544-00151710-00151943 a law of thought activity of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00545-00151944-00152201 Consciousness in our life the power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00546-00152202-00152483 flows through us if we provide a big
8j2G7RgvoHI-00547-00152484-00152837 receptivity it will do a big thing if on
8j2G7RgvoHI-00548-00152838-00153047 the other hand we only believe in a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00549-00153048-00153275 small way the activity must be a small
8j2G7RgvoHI-00550-00153276-00153376 one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00551-00153377-00153611 the spirit can do for us only what it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00552-00153612-00153881 can do through US unless we are able to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00553-00153882-00154078 provide the Consciousness it cannot make
8j2G7RgvoHI-00554-00154079-00154301 the gift few people have a great
8j2G7RgvoHI-00555-00154302-00154540 Consciousness and this explains why so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00556-00154541-00154673 few Excel
8j2G7RgvoHI-00557-00154674-00154943 the power behind all things of itself is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00558-00154944-00155278 without limit it is all power in US it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00559-00155279-00155543 has to become what we make it we carry
8j2G7RgvoHI-00560-00155544-00155752 within our own soul the key to all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00561-00155753-00156059 expression but few enter in the door is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00562-00156060-00156287 not seen with the physical eye and as
8j2G7RgvoHI-00563-00156288-00156497 yet but few have gained the ability to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00564-00156498-00156893 see the majority merely look realizing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00565-00156894-00157109 then that while the power is Limitless
8j2G7RgvoHI-00566-00157110-00157349 it must become operative through our own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00567-00157350-00157625 thought we shall see that what we need
8j2G7RgvoHI-00568-00157626-00157859 is not some greater power but that what
8j2G7RgvoHI-00569-00157860-00158014 we really need is a greater
8j2G7RgvoHI-00570-00158015-00158254 Consciousness a deeper realization of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00571-00158255-00158561 Life a grander concept of being
8j2G7RgvoHI-00572-00158562-00158807 we must unify ourselves with the great
8j2G7RgvoHI-00573-00158808-00159076 whole the man who dares to fling his
8j2G7RgvoHI-00574-00159077-00159304 thought out into Universal intelligence
8j2G7RgvoHI-00575-00159305-00159533 with the Positive Assurance of one who
8j2G7RgvoHI-00576-00159534-00159754 knows and dares to claim all there is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00577-00159755-00160066 we'll find that it will be done God will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00578-00160067-00160385 honor his request on the other hand the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00579-00160386-00160589 one who fears to speak lest God will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00580-00160590-00160828 Smite will find himself smitten of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00581-00160829-00161075 law not because God is angry but because
8j2G7RgvoHI-00582-00161076-00161333 it is done as he believes
8j2G7RgvoHI-00583-00161334-00161554 we have a right to have and should
8j2G7RgvoHI-00584-00161555-00161771 expect to have in this world all that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00585-00161772-00161963 will make for the comfort and for the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00586-00161964-00162251 luxuries of Life what matter how much we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00587-00162252-00162485 have if we rob no other soul to get it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00588-00162486-00162754 shall not the power that so lavishly
8j2G7RgvoHI-00589-00162755-00162995 spreads itself out into nature give to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00590-00162996-00163223 us its highest expression all that we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00591-00163224-00163313 can ask
8j2G7RgvoHI-00592-00163314-00163571 we dishonor God when we claim less than
8j2G7RgvoHI-00593-00163572-00163876 all until we can expand our thought so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00594-00163877-00164135 that we shall be able to say also I am
8j2G7RgvoHI-00595-00164136-00164483 we need not expect to get great results
8j2G7RgvoHI-00596-00164484-00164716 the soul knows that its own Divinity is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00597-00164717-00164969 the Great Soul before it all else must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00598-00164970-00165247 Bend to it all else must gravitate
8j2G7RgvoHI-00599-00165248-00165587 enlarge your thought process away with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00600-00165588-00165743 the little personal thoughts of things
8j2G7RgvoHI-00601-00165744-00165964 and dare to think in Universal terms
8j2G7RgvoHI-00602-00165965-00166240 about all things the universe is running
8j2G7RgvoHI-00603-00166241-00166547 over with good it is for you but you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00604-00166548-00166816 must believe and then take it do you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00605-00166817-00167014 dare to believe that your own word is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00606-00167015-00167302 Invincible when you speak it how do you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00607-00167303-00167675 feel is it Limitless is it all power is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00608-00167676-00167902 all power given to you in heaven and on
8j2G7RgvoHI-00609-00167903-00167981 Earth
8j2G7RgvoHI-00610-00167982-00168251 are you the one with the only Power that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00611-00168252-00168521 there is until you can say yes to all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00612-00168522-00168683 these questions and not simply believe
8j2G7RgvoHI-00613-00168684-00168935 them but know them you cannot hope to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00614-00168936-00169049 attain
8j2G7RgvoHI-00615-00169050-00169264 it is useless in making demonstrations
8j2G7RgvoHI-00616-00169265-00169559 to beg for things as well beg that water
8j2G7RgvoHI-00617-00169560-00169769 should be wet or the fire should be hot
8j2G7RgvoHI-00618-00169770-00170116 things are we must take them your word
8j2G7RgvoHI-00619-00170117-00170333 has only the power that you put into it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00620-00170334-00170645 no more and no less we are all held
8j2G7RgvoHI-00621-00170646-00170861 accountable for every word that we speak
8j2G7RgvoHI-00622-00170862-00171095 because all is the action and the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00623-00171096-00171413 reaction of Mind man is his own heaven
8j2G7RgvoHI-00624-00171414-00171604 and his own hell
8j2G7RgvoHI-00625-00171605-00171802 we start a new Enterprise and wonder
8j2G7RgvoHI-00626-00171803-00172085 what the chances of success are have we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00627-00172086-00172307 realized that the outer is simply the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00628-00172308-00172451 inner manifested
8j2G7RgvoHI-00629-00172452-00172690 when we go to a new place we shall find
8j2G7RgvoHI-00630-00172691-00172961 there only what we have taken with us if
8j2G7RgvoHI-00631-00172962-00173135 we have taken success we will find
8j2G7RgvoHI-00632-00173136-00173393 success if on the other hand we have
8j2G7RgvoHI-00633-00173394-00173752 taken failure we will find failure this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00634-00173753-00174035 is the law none can avoid it none need
8j2G7RgvoHI-00635-00174036-00174371 try every living soul is a law unto his
8j2G7RgvoHI-00636-00174372-00174647 own life there is no law about my own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00637-00174648-00174928 soul Shall Set nothing can come upon the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00638-00174929-00175169 path of the soul but that thing that the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00639-00175170-00175361 soul attracts
8j2G7RgvoHI-00640-00175362-00175619 practice for prosperity
8j2G7RgvoHI-00641-00175620-00175859 Prosperity is in our own hands to do
8j2G7RgvoHI-00642-00175860-00176099 with as we will but we will never reach
8j2G7RgvoHI-00643-00176100-00176369 it until we learn to control our thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00644-00176370-00176602 we must see only what we want and never
8j2G7RgvoHI-00645-00176603-00176866 allow the other things to enter if we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00646-00176867-00177101 wish activity we must be active in our
8j2G7RgvoHI-00647-00177102-00177376 thought we must see activity and speak
8j2G7RgvoHI-00648-00177377-00177671 it into everything that we do the spoken
8j2G7RgvoHI-00649-00177672-00177947 word shall bring it to pass we speak the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00650-00177948-00178169 word it is brought to pass of the power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00651-00178170-00178457 that we speak it into we can only speak
8j2G7RgvoHI-00652-00178458-00178733 the word that we understand the activity
8j2G7RgvoHI-00653-00178734-00179069 will correspond to our inner Concepts if
8j2G7RgvoHI-00654-00179070-00179269 they are large the results will be large
8j2G7RgvoHI-00655-00179270-00179554 the thing to do is to unify ourselves
8j2G7RgvoHI-00656-00179555-00179788 with all the biggest ideas that we can
8j2G7RgvoHI-00657-00179789-00180059 compass and realizing that our ideas
8j2G7RgvoHI-00658-00180060-00180347 govern our power of Attraction we should
8j2G7RgvoHI-00659-00180348-00180659 be constantly enlarging within ourselves
8j2G7RgvoHI-00660-00180660-00180959 we must realize our at one minute with
8j2G7RgvoHI-00661-00180960-00181169 all power and know that our word will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00662-00181170-00181475 bring it to pass we speak the word it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00663-00181476-00181775 brought to pass as Consciousness grows
8j2G7RgvoHI-00664-00181776-00181973 it will manifest in enlarged
8j2G7RgvoHI-00665-00181974-00182207 opportunities and in a greater field of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00666-00182208-00182488 action most people think in the terms of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00667-00182489-00182752 Universal Powers feel that you are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00668-00182753-00182969 surrounded by all the power that there
8j2G7RgvoHI-00669-00182970-00183197 is when you speak and never doubt but
8j2G7RgvoHI-00670-00183198-00183376 that what you will say will spring into
8j2G7RgvoHI-00671-00183377-00183652 being we should speak right out into
8j2G7RgvoHI-00672-00183653-00183904 mind all that we desire and believe that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00673-00183905-00184181 it will be done unto us never take the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00674-00184182-00184426 time to listen to those who doubt we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00675-00184427-00184613 observe that their philosophy has done
8j2G7RgvoHI-00676-00184614-00184787 but little to save the world or
8j2G7RgvoHI-00677-00184788-00185111 themselves here again let the dead bury
8j2G7RgvoHI-00678-00185112-00185333 the dead and see to it that you maintain
8j2G7RgvoHI-00679-00185334-00185507 in your own thought what you want
8j2G7RgvoHI-00680-00185508-00185735 letting go of all else
8j2G7RgvoHI-00681-00185736-00185987 think only what you want to happen and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00682-00185988-00186209 never let yourself get mentally lazy and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00683-00186210-00186419 sluggish taking on the suggestions of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00684-00186420-00186652 poverty and limitation
8j2G7RgvoHI-00685-00186653-00186845 see yourself as being in the position
8j2G7RgvoHI-00686-00186846-00187126 that you desire mentally dwell upon it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00687-00187127-00187337 and then speak with perfect assurance
8j2G7RgvoHI-00688-00187338-00187637 that it is done and then forget it and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00689-00187638-00187913 Trust in the law this will answer all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00690-00187914-00188188 needs if you want to do this for someone
8j2G7RgvoHI-00691-00188189-00188440 else all that you will need to do is to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00692-00188441-00188609 think of them and go through the same
8j2G7RgvoHI-00693-00188610-00188825 process of Mind action
8j2G7RgvoHI-00694-00188826-00189035 you will be sending out the truth for
8j2G7RgvoHI-00695-00189036-00189323 them and mine being always active will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00696-00189324-00189499 not contradict what you have said
8j2G7RgvoHI-00697-00189500-00189761 remember that you cannot hope to get
8j2G7RgvoHI-00698-00189762-00190019 results unless you keep the one idea and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00699-00190020-00190271 do not mix your thoughts in your mind it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00700-00190272-00190523 is all yours but you must take it the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00701-00190524-00190816 taking is always a mental process it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00702-00190817-00191123 believing absolutely this is divine
8j2G7RgvoHI-00703-00191124-00191299 principle
8j2G7RgvoHI-00704-00191300-00191464 conclusion
8j2G7RgvoHI-00705-00191465-00191788 principle itself is Simplicity yet it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00706-00191789-00192004 infinite it is infinite mind and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00707-00192005-00192293 manifestation of mind we live in a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00708-00192294-00192443 spiritual Universe governed through
8j2G7RgvoHI-00709-00192444-00192683 thought or the word which first becomes
8j2G7RgvoHI-00710-00192684-00193025 law this law creates what we call matter
8j2G7RgvoHI-00711-00193026-00193247 Jesus Christ discerned the truth about
8j2G7RgvoHI-00712-00193248-00193445 spiritual principles more than any other
8j2G7RgvoHI-00713-00193446-00193738 man who ever lived and he proclaimed the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00714-00193739-00193943 Eternal reign of Law and understanding
8j2G7RgvoHI-00715-00193944-00194273 absolute complete perfect he found that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00716-00194274-00194447 law to be operative through his own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00717-00194448-00194659 thought and the power of his own word
8j2G7RgvoHI-00718-00194660-00194921 and when you and I shall cease looking
8j2G7RgvoHI-00719-00194922-00195209 outside ourselves to any person and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00720-00195210-00195425 shall realize that whatever truth and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00721-00195426-00195671 whatever power we shall have must flow
8j2G7RgvoHI-00722-00195672-00195773 through us
8j2G7RgvoHI-00723-00195774-00195988 when we begin to interpret our own
8j2G7RgvoHI-00724-00195989-00196216 Natures we shall begin to understand God
8j2G7RgvoHI-00725-00196217-00196564 and law and life and not until then
8j2G7RgvoHI-00726-00196565-00196840 we live and move and have our being in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00727-00196841-00197099 what we call an infinite mind an
8j2G7RgvoHI-00728-00197100-00197404 infinite creative mind also infinitely
8j2G7RgvoHI-00729-00197405-00197716 receptive operative omnipotent and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00730-00197717-00197938 all-knowing and we have learned that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00731-00197939-00198154 this mind presses against us on all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00732-00198155-00198401 sides flows through us and becomes
8j2G7RgvoHI-00733-00198402-00198611 operative through our thinking
8j2G7RgvoHI-00734-00198612-00198893 the human race ignorant of the laws of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00735-00198894-00199145 this mind ignorant of the power of its
8j2G7RgvoHI-00736-00199146-00199343 own thought as through its ignorance
8j2G7RgvoHI-00737-00199344-00199600 misused and abused the creative power of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00738-00199601-00199828 its thought and brought upon itself the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00739-00199829-00200128 thing it feared this is true because all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00740-00200129-00200428 thought is Law and all law is MIND in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00741-00200429-00200657 action and the word which you speak
8j2G7RgvoHI-00742-00200658-00200878 today is the law which shall govern your
8j2G7RgvoHI-00743-00200879-00201095 life tomorrow as the word which you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00744-00201096-00201287 spoke ignorantly or innocently
8j2G7RgvoHI-00745-00201288-00201497 consciously or unconsciously yesterday
8j2G7RgvoHI-00746-00201498-00201887 is absolutely governing your life today
8j2G7RgvoHI-00747-00201888-00202181 as metaphysicians then we're not dealing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00748-00202182-00202438 with the material nor denying a manifest
8j2G7RgvoHI-00749-00202439-00202685 universe but we are claiming that the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00750-00202686-00202913 manifestation is the result of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00751-00202914-00203164 interactivity of the mind and if we wish
8j2G7RgvoHI-00752-00203165-00203404 for a definite manifestation we must
8j2G7RgvoHI-00753-00203405-00203759 produce a definite interactivity you and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00754-00203760-00203999 I then are not dealing with conditions
8j2G7RgvoHI-00755-00204000-00204316 but with mental and spiritual law we are
8j2G7RgvoHI-00756-00204317-00204533 dealing with the power of thought the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00757-00204534-00204790 power of mind and the more spiritual the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00758-00204791-00205090 thought the higher the manifestation the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00759-00205091-00205294 more I read Lions on what we call God
8j2G7RgvoHI-00760-00205296-00205582 the greater the power it is the new
8j2G7RgvoHI-00761-00205583-00205805 education because it strips all the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00762-00205806-00206021 faults from the old belief and reveals
8j2G7RgvoHI-00763-00206021-00206164 the individual
8j2G7RgvoHI-00764-00206165-00206458 it is the new age because as sure as God
8j2G7RgvoHI-00765-00206459-00206716 is it will usher in and express the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00766-00206717-00206969 perfect life the revelation of this
8j2G7RgvoHI-00767-00206969-00207286 truth and our ability to use it and it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00768-00207287-00207479 is your own fault when you know this and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00769-00207480-00207616 do not prove it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00770-00207617-00207851 if knowing the infinite power flowing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00771-00207852-00208055 through you you still remain sick and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00772-00208056-00208373 unhappy miserable and poor my friend it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00773-00208373-00208666 is your own fault do not blame God do
8j2G7RgvoHI-00774-00208667-00208984 not blame man and do not say it's of the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00775-00208985-00209351 devil it's your own fault every time you
8j2G7RgvoHI-00776-00209352-00209692 say I am you are recognizing the Eternal
8j2G7RgvoHI-00777-00209694-00209908 infinite presence of omnipotent power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00778-00209909-00210191 within yourself which is God operating
8j2G7RgvoHI-00779-00210192-00210329 through your thought
8j2G7RgvoHI-00780-00210330-00210544 and that is why you bring upon yourself
8j2G7RgvoHI-00781-00210546-00210808 the thing you fear and why you bring to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00782-00210809-00211019 yourself the thing you want
8j2G7RgvoHI-00783-00211019-00211325 the day when 51 of your thinking is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00784-00211326-00211613 Health life and power that 51 percent
8j2G7RgvoHI-00785-00211614-00211884 will swallow up a race kill out the rest
8j2G7RgvoHI-00786-00211885-00212279 the day you as an individual through 51
8j2G7RgvoHI-00787-00212280-00212501 of your thought pass beyond the
8j2G7RgvoHI-00788-00212502-00212753 perception of limitation is the day that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00789-00212754-00212903 you will draw out of the universe
8j2G7RgvoHI-00790-00212904-00213173 everything you desire poverty will
8j2G7RgvoHI-00791-00213173-00213382 desert you and you will be emancipated
8j2G7RgvoHI-00792-00213383-00213713 forever the day that your thought is 51
8j2G7RgvoHI-00793-00213714-00213994 happiness is the day that misery shall
8j2G7RgvoHI-00794-00213996-00214331 depart and never return is it not then
8j2G7RgvoHI-00795-00214332-00214546 worth your time and your effort and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00796-00214548-00214751 should it not be the greatest purpose in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00797-00214752-00214996 the life of any awakened Soul so to
8j2G7RgvoHI-00798-00214998-00215273 depict this Principle as to emancipate
8j2G7RgvoHI-00799-00215273-00215375 himself
8j2G7RgvoHI-00800-00215376-00215651 the way can be shown but each individual
8j2G7RgvoHI-00801-00215652-00215915 must himself walk the way we are so
8j2G7RgvoHI-00802-00215916-00216148 Bound by suggestion and hypnotized by
8j2G7RgvoHI-00803-00216150-00216419 false belief so entangled by the chaotic
8j2G7RgvoHI-00804-00216419-00216623 thinking of the world thinking which is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00805-00216623-00216839 based upon the principle of a dual mind
8j2G7RgvoHI-00806-00216840-00217108 that we become confused and are not
8j2G7RgvoHI-00807-00217109-00217432 ourselves wake up your word is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00808-00217433-00217708 all-powerful your Consciousness is one
8j2G7RgvoHI-00809-00217709-00217942 with omnipotence your thought is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00810-00217944-00218237 infinite your destiny is eternal and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00811-00218238-00218531 your home is Everlasting Heaven realize
8j2G7RgvoHI-00812-00218532-00218758 the truth I am living in a perfect
8j2G7RgvoHI-00813-00218759-00219046 Universe it always was perfect and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00814-00219048-00219329 always will be perfect there never was a
8j2G7RgvoHI-00815-00219330-00219563 mistake made there are no mistakes being
8j2G7RgvoHI-00816-00219564-00219856 made and there never will be I live in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00817-00219857-00220037 the Great and eternal Universe of
8j2G7RgvoHI-00818-00220038-00220319 perfection from cause to effect from
8j2G7RgvoHI-00819-00220319-00220558 beginning to end and the world is all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00820-00220559-00220753 right and I know it
8j2G7RgvoHI-00821-00220754-00221044 Majestic and calm waiting with eternal
8j2G7RgvoHI-00822-00221046-00221291 and divine patience the great principle
8j2G7RgvoHI-00823-00221292-00221537 of life is ready to give to us all that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00824-00221538-00221855 it has and while we listen and wait we
8j2G7RgvoHI-00825-00221856-00222034 will cast from us everything that
8j2G7RgvoHI-00826-00222035-00222208 hinders its complete expression through
8j2G7RgvoHI-00827-00222209-00222496 us we will let go of all struggle and
8j2G7RgvoHI-00828-00222498-00222779 all strife and be at peace with life
8j2G7RgvoHI-00829-00222780-00223025 perfect peace to the soul as we rest in
8j2G7RgvoHI-00830-00223026-00223258 the realization of our Unity with all
8j2G7RgvoHI-00831-00223259-00223553 that there is was or ever will be
8j2G7RgvoHI-00832-00223554-00223871 one with the infinite mind all the power
8j2G7RgvoHI-00833-00223871-00224039 of the spirit is working through our
8j2G7RgvoHI-00834-00224040-00224296 thought as we believe and receive
8j2G7RgvoHI-00835-00224298-00224560 now we will ask for and take that thing
8j2G7RgvoHI-00836-00224561-00224873 which we desire it is done it is
8j2G7RgvoHI-00837-00224873-00225196 complete now and forever perfect life
8j2G7RgvoHI-00838-00225198-00225563 perfect healing Perfect Harmony Divine
8j2G7RgvoHI-00839-00225564-00225875 guidance Infinite Strength and joy
8j2G7RgvoHI-00840-00225876-00226130 forever
8jFw5N4_u3u-00000-00000119-00000327 hi my name is martine watkins i am a
8jFw5N4_u3u-00001-00000328-00000526 current city council member former mayor
8jFw5N4_u3u-00002-00000527-00000695 for the santa cruz city council and i'm
8jFw5N4_u3u-00003-00000696-00000847 running for reelection
8jFw5N4_u3u-00004-00000848-00001007 i've also worked at the county office of
8jFw5N4_u3u-00005-00001008-00001254 education for over 15 years supporting
8jFw5N4_u3u-00006-00001255-00001462 programs from cradle to career
8jFw5N4_u3u-00007-00001463-00001663 santa cruz is my hometown and my husband
8jFw5N4_u3u-00008-00001664-00001847 and i are really fortunate to be raising
8jFw5N4_u3u-00009-00001848-00002055 our two young daughters here as well
8jFw5N4_u3u-00010-00002056-00002271 and our community our future generations
8jFw5N4_u3u-00011-00002272-00002439 are really depending on our ability to
8jFw5N4_u3u-00012-00002440-00002542 work together
8jFw5N4_u3u-00013-00002543-00002807 in order to produce lasting results and
8jFw5N4_u3u-00014-00002808-00002950 santa cruz knows how to come together
8jFw5N4_u3u-00015-00002951-00003134 when faced with adversity and i remember
8jFw5N4_u3u-00016-00003135-00003343 that from the 1989 earthquake
8jFw5N4_u3u-00017-00003344-00003511 but we can only do that if we have
8jFw5N4_u3u-00018-00003511-00003703 leaders who are experienced and focused
8jFw5N4_u3u-00019-00003704-00003886 on working with you the community
8jFw5N4_u3u-00020-00003887-00004086 our local businesses education
8jFw5N4_u3u-00021-00004087-00004191 non-profit
8jFw5N4_u3u-00022-00004192-00004367 and others to really understand and
8jFw5N4_u3u-00023-00004368-00004527 co-create the solutions for the needs
8jFw5N4_u3u-00024-00004528-00004615 ahead
8jFw5N4_u3u-00025-00004616-00004775 and through this inclusive community
8jFw5N4_u3u-00026-00004776-00004927 engagement i really feel
8jFw5N4_u3u-00027-00004928-00005118 my track record supports that i have the
8jFw5N4_u3u-00028-00005119-00005311 experience to get things done
8jFw5N4_u3u-00029-00005312-00005511 so i will continue to do whatever is in
8jFw5N4_u3u-00030-00005512-00005663 my power to interrupt systemic
8jFw5N4_u3u-00031-00005664-00005759 inequities
8jFw5N4_u3u-00032-00005760-00005943 i will support families in accessing
8jFw5N4_u3u-00033-00005944-00006199 child care i pledge to be an advocate as
8jFw5N4_u3u-00034-00006200-00006375 i have been for climate adaptation
8jFw5N4_u3u-00035-00006376-00006470 through solar
8jFw5N4_u3u-00036-00006472-00006687 panels and power clean energy and
8jFw5N4_u3u-00037-00006688-00006910 investing in low-income communities
8jFw5N4_u3u-00038-00006911-00007142 as the 2019 santa cruz chamber woman of
8jFw5N4_u3u-00039-00007143-00007214 the year
8jFw5N4_u3u-00040-00007215-00007431 i will support our business recovery
8jFw5N4_u3u-00041-00007431-00007670 from coven 19 in the recent crises
8jFw5N4_u3u-00042-00007672-00007823 and create a green economy with
8jFw5N4_u3u-00043-00007823-00008039 well-paying jobs as a member of the
8jFw5N4_u3u-00044-00008040-00008207 housing blueprint subcommittee
8jFw5N4_u3u-00045-00008208-00008455 we gather community input to preserve
8jFw5N4_u3u-00046-00008456-00008639 and create more affordable housing
8jFw5N4_u3u-00047-00008640-00008774 and i will continue to use that
8jFw5N4_u3u-00048-00008775-00008999 blueprint as a foundation to our housing
8jFw5N4_u3u-00049-00009000-00009103 solutions
8jFw5N4_u3u-00050-00009104-00009295 the outcome of this election must affirm
8jFw5N4_u3u-00051-00009296-00009503 our commitment to responsive leadership
8jFw5N4_u3u-00052-00009504-00009710 and together we can overcome our current
8jFw5N4_u3u-00053-00009711-00009919 crisis while rebuilding for a greener
8jFw5N4_u3u-00054-00009920-00010023 future
8jFw5N4_u3u-00055-00010024-00010223 my commitment is evidenced by this past
8jFw5N4_u3u-00056-00010224-00010391 four years i've been able to serve you
8jFw5N4_u3u-00057-00010392-00010574 on the santa cruz city council
8jFw5N4_u3u-00058-00010575-00010759 and for more information about me please
8jFw5N4_u3u-00059-00010760-00010878 visit my website
8jFw5N4_u3u-00060-00010879-00011191 at www.marteamwatkins.com
8jFw5N4_u3u-00061-00011192-00011383 and if you're on social media you can
8jFw5N4_u3u-00062-00011384-00011623 follow us on facebook at martine watkins
8jFw5N4_u3u-00063-00011624-00011783 for santa cruz city council
8jFw5N4_u3u-00064-00011784-00011999 or on instagram as well thank you so
8jFw5N4_u3u-00065-00012000-00012384 much for your boat
8l7TBFccFrc-00000-00000016-00002223 okay
8l7TBFccFrc-00001-00002224-00003134 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00002-00003135-00003351 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00003-00003352-00003511 hey
8l7TBFccFrc-00004-00003511-00003670 we're not done yet
8l7TBFccFrc-00005-00003671-00003967 i've got a message for you
8l7TBFccFrc-00006-00003968-00004279 oh my he's still alive
8l7TBFccFrc-00007-00004280-00004543 pain in my ass why aren't you dead yet
8l7TBFccFrc-00008-00004544-00004847 such blind arrogance like the naked
8l7TBFccFrc-00009-00004848-00005159 emperor seriously i cut off your head
8l7TBFccFrc-00010-00005160-00005286 travis
8l7TBFccFrc-00011-00005287-00005470 you are the loser
8l7TBFccFrc-00012-00005471-00005775 this fight was only part of our plan
8l7TBFccFrc-00013-00005776-00006047 our plan i said i'd avenge you killing
8l7TBFccFrc-00014-00006048-00006222 my brother didn't i
8l7TBFccFrc-00015-00006223-00006446 well who's been a brother to you
8l7TBFccFrc-00016-00006447-00006663 what travis
8l7TBFccFrc-00017-00006664-00006831 don't think you can kill without
8l7TBFccFrc-00018-00006831-00007078 suffering consequences
8l7TBFccFrc-00019-00007079-00007334 to kill someone is not simply to end
8l7TBFccFrc-00020-00007336-00007478 their life
8l7TBFccFrc-00021-00007479-00007734 one must risk their entire being in
8l7TBFccFrc-00022-00007736-00008055 order to destroy another's
8l7TBFccFrc-00023-00008056-00008342 up until now you've had it easy
8l7TBFccFrc-00024-00008343-00008623 i've taken the curse you gave me the
8l7TBFccFrc-00025-00008624-00008807 shackles of revenge
8l7TBFccFrc-00026-00008808-00009110 and i'm throwing them back on you
8l7TBFccFrc-00027-00009111-00009359 now it's your turn to be burdened with
8l7TBFccFrc-00028-00009360-00009542 another's death
8l7TBFccFrc-00029-00009543-00009767 it has destroyed me
8l7TBFccFrc-00030-00009768-00010046 and it will destroy you too
8l7TBFccFrc-00031-00010047-00011645 this is the ultimate vengeance
8l7TBFccFrc-00032-00011646-00011814 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00033-00011815-00013383 faster
8l7TBFccFrc-00034-00013384-00013582 deliverance
8l7TBFccFrc-00035-00013583-00014991 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00036-00014991-00016750 [__]
8l7TBFccFrc-00037-00016751-00017024 dammit the power
8l7TBFccFrc-00038-00017025-00018303 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00039-00018304-00019678 kill oh
8l7TBFccFrc-00040-00019679-00020711 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00041-00020712-00022047 bring it off
8l7TBFccFrc-00042-00022048-00022255 this is a real fight with real
8l7TBFccFrc-00043-00022256-00022544 consequences sweetheart
8l7TBFccFrc-00044-00022545-00023883 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00045-00023884-00024269 travis the great
8l7TBFccFrc-00046-00024270-00025214 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00047-00025215-00025478 screw this i can't kill a co-ed come see
8l7TBFccFrc-00048-00025479-00025670 me after you graduate and i'll school
8l7TBFccFrc-00049-00025672-00027487 you again
8l7TBFccFrc-00050-00027488-00027760 full power
8l7TBFccFrc-00051-00027761-00028627 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00052-00028629-00029535 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00053-00029536-00029758 well that was gross
8l7TBFccFrc-00054-00029760-00029846 what
8l7TBFccFrc-00055-00029847-00030358 what's a kid doing here i am horny
8l7TBFccFrc-00056-00030360-00031127 what's that
8l7TBFccFrc-00057-00031127-00031410 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00058-00031411-00031831 [Laughter]
8l7TBFccFrc-00059-00031832-00031999 this is a problem with fighting the
8l7TBFccFrc-00060-00032000-00032246 supernatural you cannot kill someone
8l7TBFccFrc-00061-00032247-00032462 who's already dead
8l7TBFccFrc-00062-00032463-00032614 already dead
8l7TBFccFrc-00063-00032616-00032718 okay
8l7TBFccFrc-00064-00032719-00032931 are you on the pipe
8l7TBFccFrc-00065-00032932-00033046 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00066-00033047-00033351 such a horrible past 30 years ago that
8l7TBFccFrc-00067-00033352-00033574 child was abundant left to die in this
8l7TBFccFrc-00068-00033575-00033846 house as the story goes he made a pact
8l7TBFccFrc-00069-00033847-00034055 with the devil with his final breath
8l7TBFccFrc-00070-00034056-00034295 revive through the dark arts the child
8l7TBFccFrc-00071-00034296-00034502 murdered his parents and now rules this
8l7TBFccFrc-00072-00034503-00034887 forest feeding on suffering and hate
8l7TBFccFrc-00073-00034888-00035102 all assassins have [__] up somehow or
8l7TBFccFrc-00074-00035103-00035287 we wouldn't be in this profession
8l7TBFccFrc-00075-00035288-00036639 nothing surprises me anymore
8l7TBFccFrc-00076-00036640-00037047 shhh
8l7TBFccFrc-00077-00037048-00037777 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00078-00037778-00038790 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00079-00038791-00040062 [__]
8l7TBFccFrc-00080-00040063-00040351 gotcha
8l7TBFccFrc-00081-00040352-00041538 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00082-00041539-00042246 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00083-00042247-00043655 losers
8l7TBFccFrc-00084-00043656-00043815 what
8l7TBFccFrc-00085-00043816-00044023 any last words
8l7TBFccFrc-00086-00044024-00044718 just give me your name
8l7TBFccFrc-00087-00044719-00044911 when the gatekeeper hell asks who sent
8l7TBFccFrc-00088-00044912-00045223 you tell him it was shinobu jacobs
8l7TBFccFrc-00089-00045224-00045383 yes sir
8l7TBFccFrc-00090-00045384-00046006 enjoy your trip
8l7TBFccFrc-00091-00046007-00046646 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00092-00046647-00048132 on to the next one
8l7TBFccFrc-00093-00048133-00048327 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00094-00048328-00049378 oh
8l7TBFccFrc-00095-00049379-00049671 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00096-00049672-00051217 what
8l7TBFccFrc-00097-00051219-00051894 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00098-00051895-00052175 that really blows i can't believe i fell
8l7TBFccFrc-00099-00052176-00054116 for that
8l7TBFccFrc-00100-00054117-00055430 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00101-00055432-00056534 um
8l7TBFccFrc-00102-00056535-00057654 [Applause]
8l7TBFccFrc-00103-00057655-00057903 stop stop why
8l7TBFccFrc-00104-00057904-00058207 you beat him he had nothing left i know
8l7TBFccFrc-00105-00058208-00058447 that but he was a true warrior and you
8l7TBFccFrc-00106-00058448-00058711 gunned him down like a thug this is not
8l7TBFccFrc-00107-00058712-00060087 some pew karat economy travis
8l7TBFccFrc-00108-00060088-00060294 so he can come back stronger and cut you
8l7TBFccFrc-00109-00060295-00060623 in half you are developing a bad habit
8l7TBFccFrc-00110-00060624-00060935 first that dumb school girl now him
8l7TBFccFrc-00111-00060936-00061279 just finish the job or we will do it for
8l7TBFccFrc-00112-00061279-00061359 you
8l7TBFccFrc-00113-00061360-00061806 these fights are not a sport
8l7TBFccFrc-00114-00061807-00062104 [__]
8l7TBFccFrc-00115-00062105-00063220 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00116-00063221-00064037 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00117-00064038-00064223 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00118-00064224-00065691 yes
8l7TBFccFrc-00119-00065692-00066615 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00120-00066616-00068371 out of my way
8l7TBFccFrc-00121-00068372-00068743 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00122-00068744-00068935 riveting melody
8l7TBFccFrc-00123-00068936-00069175 isn't it
8l7TBFccFrc-00124-00069176-00069504 catchy as hell
8l7TBFccFrc-00125-00069505-00069879 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00126-00069880-00070038 did you
8l7TBFccFrc-00127-00070039-00070319 did you memorize the song
8l7TBFccFrc-00128-00070320-00070599 100
8l7TBFccFrc-00129-00070600-00070735 that
8l7TBFccFrc-00130-00070736-00070967 is so
8l7TBFccFrc-00131-00070968-00071335 sublime
8l7TBFccFrc-00132-00071336-00072726 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00133-00072727-00072919 one more
8l7TBFccFrc-00134-00072920-00074838 three to go
8l7TBFccFrc-00135-00074839-00074983 honey
8l7TBFccFrc-00136-00074984-00076638 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00137-00076639-00076735 walk
8l7TBFccFrc-00138-00076736-00076825 my ship
8l7TBFccFrc-00139-00076826-00077079 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00140-00077080-00077367 it's over captain this
8l7TBFccFrc-00141-00077368-00077582 this is earth
8l7TBFccFrc-00142-00077583-00077694 yeah
8l7TBFccFrc-00143-00077695-00077871 welcome home
8l7TBFccFrc-00144-00077872-00078015 so
8l7TBFccFrc-00145-00078016-00078231 i'm finally back
8l7TBFccFrc-00146-00078232-00078487 after all this time
8l7TBFccFrc-00147-00078488-00078711 fresh oxygen
8l7TBFccFrc-00148-00078712-00078919 blue sky
8l7TBFccFrc-00149-00078920-00079615 beautiful as i remember
8l7TBFccFrc-00150-00079616-00080086 glory to the soviet union
8l7TBFccFrc-00151-00080087-00081055 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00152-00081056-00082479 what
8l7TBFccFrc-00153-00082480-00082623 travis
8l7TBFccFrc-00154-00082624-00082831 you are incredible
8l7TBFccFrc-00155-00082832-00083094 everything i hoped for
8l7TBFccFrc-00156-00083095-00083255 tell me your name
8l7TBFccFrc-00157-00083256-00083471 promise me you won't forget
8l7TBFccFrc-00158-00083472-00083743 there once was an assassin named
8l7TBFccFrc-00159-00083744-00084150 alison
8l7TBFccFrc-00160-00084151-00084696 i won't forget alice
8l7TBFccFrc-00161-00084697-00085759 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00162-00085760-00086322 aah
8l7TBFccFrc-00163-00086323-00087075 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00164-00087076-00087861 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00165-00087862-00088711 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00166-00088712-00088991 no no not yet
8l7TBFccFrc-00167-00088992-00090438 the show has just begun
8l7TBFccFrc-00168-00090439-00091877 you gotta be [__] me
8l7TBFccFrc-00169-00091878-00092915 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00170-00092916-00093262 [Applause]
8l7TBFccFrc-00171-00093263-00093447 and that's a wrap
8l7TBFccFrc-00172-00093448-00093671 ah no not yet
8l7TBFccFrc-00173-00093672-00093967 not that's hideous
8l7TBFccFrc-00174-00093968-00094791 assassins pull the craziest [__]
8l7TBFccFrc-00175-00094792-00095015 well we almost got him
8l7TBFccFrc-00176-00095016-00095455 the rest is on you
8l7TBFccFrc-00177-00095456-00095591 wait a second
8l7TBFccFrc-00178-00095592-00095750 you're already here
8l7TBFccFrc-00179-00095751-00095959 you might as well keep fighting it's not
8l7TBFccFrc-00180-00095960-00096167 happening brother i can't be associated
8l7TBFccFrc-00181-00096168-00096343 with that travesty i mean i've got
8l7TBFccFrc-00182-00096344-00096543 standards for [__] sake
8l7TBFccFrc-00183-00096544-00096718 suit yourself
8l7TBFccFrc-00184-00096719-00097015 now i'm gonna get my revenge once and
8l7TBFccFrc-00185-00097016-00097182 for all
8l7TBFccFrc-00186-00097183-00097455 come on prez unleash your hate your
8l7TBFccFrc-00187-00097456-00097750 anger everything i'll take it all and
8l7TBFccFrc-00188-00097751-00099767 [__] kill you with it
8l7TBFccFrc-00189-00099768-00100019 go
8l7TBFccFrc-00190-00100020-00100503 [Applause]
8l7TBFccFrc-00191-00100504-00102545 oh
8l7TBFccFrc-00192-00102546-00103306 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00193-00103307-00104558 [Music]
8l7TBFccFrc-00194-00104559-00104767 you
8lRhSPQJp8A-00000-00000016-00000247 hello my name is damian nunez i'm a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00001-00000248-00000447 barber and creative director for john
8lRhSPQJp8A-00002-00000448-00001062 hancock barbershop
8lRhSPQJp8A-00003-00001063-00001343 i'm from chicago illinois i moved out
8lRhSPQJp8A-00004-00001344-00001623 here to prescott arizona to help a good
8lRhSPQJp8A-00005-00001623-00001830 friend of mine open up a two-chair
8lRhSPQJp8A-00006-00001832-00001982 barber shop
8lRhSPQJp8A-00007-00001984-00002295 and we quickly grew the barber shop to a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00008-00002296-00002575 ten chair barber shop six years later i
8lRhSPQJp8A-00009-00002576-00002783 ended up going into
8lRhSPQJp8A-00010-00002784-00003270 college as an art student and i pursued
8lRhSPQJp8A-00011-00003271-00003511 oil painting i just love oil painting
8lRhSPQJp8A-00012-00003511-00003743 and i love surrealism and i still do it
8lRhSPQJp8A-00013-00003744-00003999 to this day but when i moved to the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00014-00004000-00004311 ozarks i met grant casada who's the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00015-00004312-00004599 owner of this warehouse and he convinced
8lRhSPQJp8A-00016-00004600-00004847 me to go to hair school and when i found
8lRhSPQJp8A-00017-00004848-00005102 hair i just felt like i found my calling
8lRhSPQJp8A-00018-00005103-00005311 i felt like not only could i express
8lRhSPQJp8A-00019-00005312-00005615 myself create a design on someone's head
8lRhSPQJp8A-00020-00005616-00005967 but i can also feel the needs of being
8lRhSPQJp8A-00021-00005968-00006111 able to talk to people and hearing their
8lRhSPQJp8A-00022-00006112-00006254 stories
8lRhSPQJp8A-00023-00006255-00006503 so granted hair for
8lRhSPQJp8A-00024-00006504-00006646 about two and a half years in
8lRhSPQJp8A-00025-00006647-00006910 springfield he got a little bored and
8lRhSPQJp8A-00026-00006911-00007127 decided to go into the military and he
8lRhSPQJp8A-00027-00007128-00007510 became a sniper in the army rangers
8lRhSPQJp8A-00028-00007511-00007791 and did that for eight years and went to
8lRhSPQJp8A-00029-00007792-00008063 iraq for a few deployments throughout
8lRhSPQJp8A-00030-00008064-00008335 that time i continued doing here
8lRhSPQJp8A-00031-00008336-00008519 and we kept in touch and we always
8lRhSPQJp8A-00032-00008520-00008703 talked about ideas
8lRhSPQJp8A-00033-00008704-00008951 of something like doing some kind of
8lRhSPQJp8A-00034-00008952-00009142 business or something
8lRhSPQJp8A-00035-00009143-00009431 and when he got out of the military he
8lRhSPQJp8A-00036-00009432-00009671 actually came all the way to springfield
8lRhSPQJp8A-00037-00009672-00009935 missouri and convinced my wife had the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00038-00009936-00010039 time
8lRhSPQJp8A-00039-00010040-00010246 and family to move across the country to
8lRhSPQJp8A-00040-00010247-00010446 help him get this barber shop going
8lRhSPQJp8A-00041-00010447-00010646 because he knew that i had
8lRhSPQJp8A-00042-00010647-00010887 the skills and the experience to help
8lRhSPQJp8A-00043-00010888-00011159 him get it going and it was a concept
8lRhSPQJp8A-00044-00011160-00011374 that i believed in and i put my whole
8lRhSPQJp8A-00045-00011375-00011527 heart into
8lRhSPQJp8A-00046-00011528-00011791 and i really wanted to see something
8lRhSPQJp8A-00047-00011792-00011951 special happen in this community because
8lRhSPQJp8A-00048-00011952-00012135 there was no standard
8lRhSPQJp8A-00049-00012136-00012319 for good hair here and i just all i saw
8lRhSPQJp8A-00050-00012320-00012583 was opportunity and we quickly realized
8lRhSPQJp8A-00051-00012584-00012774 that we needed to expand our brand
8lRhSPQJp8A-00052-00012775-00013038 outside of hair cutting to really make
8lRhSPQJp8A-00053-00013039-00013247 the kind of profits we need to grow the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00054-00013247-00013430 way we wanted to
8lRhSPQJp8A-00055-00013431-00013511 so
8lRhSPQJp8A-00056-00013512-00013727 grant came up with this idea of doing a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00057-00013728-00014111 65 beer tap wall in a coffee shop along
8lRhSPQJp8A-00058-00014112-00014351 with that we have a gym a functional
8lRhSPQJp8A-00059-00014352-00014558 fitness gym and a hidden speakeasy
8lRhSPQJp8A-00060-00014559-00014855 that's members only
8lRhSPQJp8A-00061-00014856-00015143 so outside of the barbershop i still do
8lRhSPQJp8A-00062-00015144-00015407 oil painting but i also enjoy
8lRhSPQJp8A-00063-00015408-00015679 the outdoors every weekend you can get
8lRhSPQJp8A-00064-00015680-00015830 out to the forest
8lRhSPQJp8A-00065-00015831-00016007 in five minutes
8lRhSPQJp8A-00066-00016008-00016319 any direction we're surrounded by the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00067-00016319-00016583 most ponderosa pine forest in the nation
8lRhSPQJp8A-00068-00016584-00016839 like it's a huge huge forest
8lRhSPQJp8A-00069-00016840-00017030 and as you drop down in elevation the
8lRhSPQJp8A-00070-00017031-00017247 whole landscape changes as well
8lRhSPQJp8A-00071-00017248-00017494 and so there's like amazing places to
8lRhSPQJp8A-00072-00017495-00017863 see in the central part of arizona and
8lRhSPQJp8A-00073-00017864-00017958 so
8lRhSPQJp8A-00074-00017959-00018214 one of my passions is to go camping and
8lRhSPQJp8A-00075-00018215-00018639 hiking and also one of my goals is to be
8lRhSPQJp8A-00076-00018640-00018814 able to go out in the desert and be able
8lRhSPQJp8A-00077-00018815-00019135 to paint out in the desert what i see
8lRhSPQJp8A-00078-00019136-00019350 and also continue my style with
8lRhSPQJp8A-00079-00019351-00019719 surrealism but the lifestyle out here is
8lRhSPQJp8A-00080-00019720-00019950 a perfect balance of like socializing
8lRhSPQJp8A-00081-00019951-00020063 and being around a lot of people and
8lRhSPQJp8A-00082-00020064-00020294 being able to escape and just connect
8lRhSPQJp8A-00083-00020295-00020655 and it's a perfect balance for me
8lRhSPQJp8A-00084-00020656-00020878 when people step foot into the founding
8lRhSPQJp8A-00085-00020879-00021127 fathers we really want them to get a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00086-00021128-00021255 feel of
8lRhSPQJp8A-00087-00021256-00021527 the future of prescott and the tourists
8lRhSPQJp8A-00088-00021528-00021791 as well we want them to see like wow
8lRhSPQJp8A-00089-00021792-00022103 this place is really cool not only is it
8lRhSPQJp8A-00090-00022104-00022375 beautiful landscape but this is a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00091-00022376-00022622 culture of what the town is made up of
8lRhSPQJp8A-00092-00022623-00022735 and so
8lRhSPQJp8A-00093-00022736-00023039 you can come in there's 65 beers on tap
8lRhSPQJp8A-00094-00023040-00023183 you can get a beer
8lRhSPQJp8A-00095-00023184-00023471 you can get a haircut get a shave and
8lRhSPQJp8A-00096-00023472-00023735 come in have that experience if you
8lRhSPQJp8A-00097-00023736-00023967 choose to be a member we have a hidden
8lRhSPQJp8A-00098-00023968-00024278 speakeasy and with that membership you
8lRhSPQJp8A-00099-00024279-00024527 can use different perks you can use a
8lRhSPQJp8A-00100-00024528-00024839 perk for the beer wall use a perk for
8lRhSPQJp8A-00101-00024840-00025119 haircuts or coffee or a gym membership
8lRhSPQJp8A-00102-00025120-00025358 so you can create an experience in this
8lRhSPQJp8A-00103-00025359-00025622 warehouse like whatever you want to be
8lRhSPQJp8A-00104-00025623-00025839 and it's something really special that's
8lRhSPQJp8A-00105-00025839-00026235 going on here for sure
90yPsZKp9VY-00000-00000438-00001198 [Music]
90yPsZKp9VY-00001-00001199-00001592 good up good morning ladies and
90yPsZKp9VY-00002-00001593-00001766 gentlemen I am Duane parish director of
90yPsZKp9VY-00003-00001767-00001925 South Carolina parks recreation and
90yPsZKp9VY-00004-00001926-00002173 tourism and I am proud to be here today
90yPsZKp9VY-00005-00002174-00002452 to represent the the tourism industry
90yPsZKp9VY-00006-00002453-00002672 but mostly to thank our successful
90yPsZKp9VY-00007-00002673-00002827 program of the South Carolina chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00008-00002828-00003082 ambassadors this is our fifth year of
90yPsZKp9VY-00009-00003083-00003235 this program and today we're gonna
90yPsZKp9VY-00010-00003236-00003454 congratulate our first all-female class
90yPsZKp9VY-00011-00003456-00003725 from 2018 we're going to introduce and
90yPsZKp9VY-00012-00003726-00004054 announce to you the 2019 class the chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00013-00004055-00004231 Ambassador Program was created five
90yPsZKp9VY-00014-00004232-00004466 years ago in an effort to promote South
90yPsZKp9VY-00015-00004467-00004672 Carolina as a color culinary destination
90yPsZKp9VY-00016-00004673-00004963 by highlighting chefs who used locally
90yPsZKp9VY-00017-00004964-00005209 grown and harvested items on their menus
90yPsZKp9VY-00018-00005210-00005443 and who offered distinctive flavors and
90yPsZKp9VY-00019-00005444-00005638 tastes and I want to point out one chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00020-00005639-00005786 we have we actually helped to start this
90yPsZKp9VY-00021-00005787-00005990 program and formulate the idea back five
90yPsZKp9VY-00022-00005991-00006200 years ago in this Brandon Valley from
90yPsZKp9VY-00023-00006201-00006391 junipers restaurant in Ridge Spring
90yPsZKp9VY-00024-00006392-00006938 Thank You Brandon far you've done each
90yPsZKp9VY-00025-00006939-00006989 year
90yPsZKp9VY-00026-00006990-00007202 chef Sarla selected from a variety of
90yPsZKp9VY-00027-00007203-00007433 destinations around the state and for
90yPsZKp9VY-00028-00007434-00007628 their talents and skills they serve a
90yPsZKp9VY-00029-00007629-00007829 full year of representing South Carolina
90yPsZKp9VY-00030-00007830-00008147 as a colored as at culinary events and
90yPsZKp9VY-00031-00008148-00008348 at targeted media missions around the
90yPsZKp9VY-00032-00008349-00008551 state raising awareness and visibility
90yPsZKp9VY-00033-00008552-00008771 about South Carolina as a destination
90yPsZKp9VY-00034-00008772-00009104 with wonderful dining experiences as we
90yPsZKp9VY-00035-00009105-00009347 recognize the outgoing class and welcome
90yPsZKp9VY-00036-00009348-00009527 the new chef ambassador class for the
90yPsZKp9VY-00037-00009528-00009746 upcoming year we're excited to have with
90yPsZKp9VY-00038-00009747-00009953 us someone today whose leadership and
90yPsZKp9VY-00039-00009954-00010142 support provides the essential
90yPsZKp9VY-00040-00010143-00010400 ingredient for South Carolina's overall
90yPsZKp9VY-00041-00010401-00010613 growth and success ladies and gentlemen
90yPsZKp9VY-00042-00010614-00010730 please join me in welcoming governor
90yPsZKp9VY-00043-00010731-00011080 Henry Master
90yPsZKp9VY-00044-00011081-00011413 don't thank you happy to be here y'all
90yPsZKp9VY-00045-00011414-00011612 some of y'all may have met my wife Peggy
90yPsZKp9VY-00046-00011613-00011846 Peggy has taught me about food when we
90yPsZKp9VY-00047-00011847-00013024 first got married she worked all day
90yPsZKp9VY-00048-00013025-00013333 cooking beef stroganoff and all sorts of
90yPsZKp9VY-00049-00013334-00013719 stuff and magnificent laid out in
90yPsZKp9VY-00050-00013720-00013961 somewhere long ago and she could tell by
90yPsZKp9VY-00051-00013962-00014243 my face that I really had not expected
90yPsZKp9VY-00052-00014244-00014563 all that and finally I had to fess up to
90yPsZKp9VY-00053-00014565-00014813 the good old hotdog and beans to be just
90yPsZKp9VY-00054-00014813-00015391 fine I've learned there people who
90yPsZKp9VY-00055-00015393-00015583 travel all over the world just to be in
90yPsZKp9VY-00056-00015584-00015788 a nice place a place with a lot of
90yPsZKp9VY-00057-00015788-00016028 history the people where where people
90yPsZKp9VY-00058-00016029-00016358 are friendly and where they have great
90yPsZKp9VY-00059-00016359-00016652 food and it take it takes a lot to do
90yPsZKp9VY-00060-00016653-00016880 really good cooking and people will
90yPsZKp9VY-00061-00016881-00017150 travel to this state for that and
90yPsZKp9VY-00062-00017151-00017390 because of our history because of this
90yPsZKp9VY-00063-00017391-00017650 the French influence the African
90yPsZKp9VY-00064-00017651-00017864 influence the English disguise for all
90yPsZKp9VY-00065-00017865-00018158 these influences over the years it
90yPsZKp9VY-00066-00018159-00018437 really makes for a great crucible a
90yPsZKp9VY-00067-00018438-00018767 great place for people to visit and it's
90yPsZKp9VY-00068-00018768-00019058 one more thing that makes us different I
90yPsZKp9VY-00069-00019059-00019262 think from from the rest of the rest of
90yPsZKp9VY-00070-00019263-00019483 the country and I need to tell you when
90yPsZKp9VY-00071-00019484-00019855 as governor and and some as Lieutenant
90yPsZKp9VY-00072-00019856-00020165 Governor Pamela I would meet with people
90yPsZKp9VY-00073-00020166-00020305 from around the world that we're looking
90yPsZKp9VY-00074-00020306-00020581 to come to South Carolina to invest and
90yPsZKp9VY-00075-00020582-00020924 also people who had traveled and they'd
90yPsZKp9VY-00076-00020925-00021134 like what they've seen in there they
90yPsZKp9VY-00077-00021135-00021374 always mention the people of South
90yPsZKp9VY-00078-00021375-00021644 Carolina is being different from any in
90yPsZKp9VY-00079-00021645-00021805 any other part of the country in the
90yPsZKp9VY-00080-00021806-00021925 other part of the world it's something
90yPsZKp9VY-00081-00021926-00022153 we can really be proud of in this this
90yPsZKp9VY-00082-00022154-00022442 tradition this culinary arts this this
90yPsZKp9VY-00083-00022443-00022705 expertise is something as well that we
90yPsZKp9VY-00084-00022706-00022958 can be very proud of and we are and we
90yPsZKp9VY-00085-00022959-00023219 need to keep it strong you and keep it
90yPsZKp9VY-00086-00023220-00023575 growing and going and understand the the
90yPsZKp9VY-00087-00023576-00023846 value of what we grow locally and
90yPsZKp9VY-00088-00023847-00023914 produce
90yPsZKp9VY-00089-00023915-00024186 locally so we've got a great strong team
90yPsZKp9VY-00090-00024187-00024378 and we look forward to making it even
90yPsZKp9VY-00091-00024379-00024658 stronger because as you all know South
90yPsZKp9VY-00092-00024659-00024817 Carolina is all the way up there's no
90yPsZKp9VY-00093-00024818-00024988 stopping us we could change a few laws
90yPsZKp9VY-00094-00024989-00025216 and change a few things and we go
90yPsZKp9VY-00095-00025217-00025444 unleash the energy of talent of all our
90yPsZKp9VY-00096-00025445-00025774 people so I'm happy to be here speaking
90yPsZKp9VY-00097-00025775-00026028 for five million happy South Carolinians
90yPsZKp9VY-00098-00026029-00026220 glad to be here to promote this thank
90yPsZKp9VY-00099-00026222-00026823 you good thank you
90yPsZKp9VY-00100-00026824-00027090 Thank You governor from a tourism
90yPsZKp9VY-00101-00027091-00027232 perspective the chef's ambassador
90yPsZKp9VY-00102-00027233-00027370 program has provided tremendous
90yPsZKp9VY-00103-00027370-00027607 opportunities for us to elevate the
90yPsZKp9VY-00104-00027608-00027843 culinary profile of South Carolina as
90yPsZKp9VY-00105-00027844-00028071 this program is evolved we have
90yPsZKp9VY-00106-00028072-00028264 continued to explore him pursue new ways
90yPsZKp9VY-00107-00028264-00028498 to showcase South Carolina's culinary
90yPsZKp9VY-00108-00028499-00028870 talent in 2018 all four female chefs
90yPsZKp9VY-00109-00028870-00029002 appeared in South Carolina's top
90yPsZKp9VY-00110-00029002-00029208 culinary festivals including the
90yPsZKp9VY-00111-00029209-00029380 Charleston Wine and Food Festival and
90yPsZKp9VY-00112-00029381-00029646 euphoria in Greenville a culinary and
90yPsZKp9VY-00113-00029647-00029893 musical festival they were also featured
90yPsZKp9VY-00114-00029894-00030102 that they also were featured in Atlanta
90yPsZKp9VY-00115-00030103-00030349 Food and Wine Festival in the spring and
90yPsZKp9VY-00116-00030350-00030499 presented in presented at one of the
90yPsZKp9VY-00117-00030500-00030700 festival's learning learning classes
90yPsZKp9VY-00118-00030701-00030987 which included recipe demonstration the
90yPsZKp9VY-00119-00030988-00031137 sleight of women were included in
90yPsZKp9VY-00120-00031138-00031405 Rachael Ray's magazine with a spring
90yPsZKp9VY-00121-00031406-00031720 issue titled hashtag like a boss and one
90yPsZKp9VY-00122-00031720-00031762 of them
90yPsZKp9VY-00123-00031763-00031995 Kiki Cyrus Kiki where are you there you
90yPsZKp9VY-00124-00031997-00032299 are a Kiki was also on certain on
90yPsZKp9VY-00125-00032300-00032476 Facebook live panel discussion with
90yPsZKp9VY-00126-00032477-00032718 Rachel Ray they topped off the year for
90yPsZKp9VY-00127-00032719-00032917 the exclusive VIP dinner in New York
90yPsZKp9VY-00128-00032918-00033100 with some of the cut with some of the
90yPsZKp9VY-00129-00033101-00033402 nation's top culinary culinary media as
90yPsZKp9VY-00130-00033403-00033673 well as travel media these appearances
90yPsZKp9VY-00131-00033674-00033864 helped generate great media coverage and
90yPsZKp9VY-00132-00033865-00034093 social media chatter for the chef's
90yPsZKp9VY-00133-00034094-00034318 Ambassador Program we're certainly proud
90yPsZKp9VY-00134-00034319-00034552 of their great success that this program
90yPsZKp9VY-00135-00034553-00034780 continues to experience a success driven
90yPsZKp9VY-00136-00034781-00034996 by the individual flavor of each chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00137-00034997-00035167 ambassador and what they bring to the
90yPsZKp9VY-00138-00035168-00035410 table the travel and tourism aspect of
90yPsZKp9VY-00139-00035411-00035623 this program is only just a part of it
90yPsZKp9VY-00140-00035624-00035845 the other part is agriculture and here
90yPsZKp9VY-00141-00035846-00035992 to further define the benefits of that
90yPsZKp9VY-00142-00035993-00036127 for Commissioner Hugh weathers of the
90yPsZKp9VY-00143-00036128-00036537 Department of Agriculture
90yPsZKp9VY-00144-00036538-00036733 thank you and good morning
90yPsZKp9VY-00145-00036734-00036895 Des Moines is right and the governor is
90yPsZKp9VY-00146-00036896-00037076 right it's been a great partnership for
90yPsZKp9VY-00147-00037077-00037342 five years now and I too want to thank
90yPsZKp9VY-00148-00037343-00037636 Brenda and Billy for helping us initiate
90yPsZKp9VY-00149-00037637-00037927 this idea you know it we're going to
90yPsZKp9VY-00150-00037928-00038204 recognize the talents of our chefs today
90yPsZKp9VY-00151-00038205-00038545 who served us in 2018 and those who will
90yPsZKp9VY-00152-00038546-00038827 in 2019 but in my role I get to see the
90yPsZKp9VY-00153-00038828-00039035 talents of our farmers across South
90yPsZKp9VY-00154-00039036-00039265 Carolina and any of these chefs will
90yPsZKp9VY-00155-00039266-00039571 tell you a great menu on entrees starts
90yPsZKp9VY-00156-00039572-00039779 with great ingredients and the closer
90yPsZKp9VY-00157-00039780-00040030 and fresher they are the better so that
90yPsZKp9VY-00158-00040031-00040235 is the purpose of what we do in the
90yPsZKp9VY-00159-00040236-00040474 Department of Agriculture to link our
90yPsZKp9VY-00160-00040475-00040667 South Carolina farmers with our South
90yPsZKp9VY-00161-00040668-00040939 Carolina consumers in every venue that
90yPsZKp9VY-00162-00040940-00041204 we can using the talents that we
90yPsZKp9VY-00163-00041205-00041380 recognize in the chef's Ambassador
90yPsZKp9VY-00164-00041381-00041645 Program we get to travel across the
90yPsZKp9VY-00165-00041646-00041896 state and just see the backgrounds that
90yPsZKp9VY-00166-00041897-00042092 our chefs come from and their
90yPsZKp9VY-00167-00042093-00042404 perspective and the variety that we have
90yPsZKp9VY-00168-00042405-00042695 is just very intriguing again but all
90yPsZKp9VY-00169-00042696-00042957 starting with great ingredients
90yPsZKp9VY-00170-00042958-00043148 recognizing the passion that they have
90yPsZKp9VY-00171-00043149-00043436 to produce it but also the passion that
90yPsZKp9VY-00172-00043437-00043742 our farmers have to grow it we are now
90yPsZKp9VY-00173-00043743-00044070 in our 11th year of certified SC grown a
90yPsZKp9VY-00174-00044071-00044365 program that 80% of South Carolinians
90yPsZKp9VY-00175-00044366-00044626 recognize and when they act on it and
90yPsZKp9VY-00176-00044627-00044849 spend those food dollars and those
90yPsZKp9VY-00177-00044850-00045086 dollars stay in the state it only helps
90yPsZKp9VY-00178-00045087-00045295 South Carolina's economy for our farmers
90yPsZKp9VY-00179-00045296-00045513 our rural counties and otherwise
90yPsZKp9VY-00180-00045514-00045755 subsequent to that our fresh on the menu
90yPsZKp9VY-00181-00045756-00046007 program helps them identify the
90yPsZKp9VY-00182-00046008-00046246 restaurants like those that are chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00183-00046247-00046543 ambassadors represent who are also
90yPsZKp9VY-00184-00046544-00046702 partnering with us South Carolina
90yPsZKp9VY-00185-00046703-00047011 farmers using at least 25% of the menu
90yPsZKp9VY-00186-00047012-00047287 items coming from South Carolina when
90yPsZKp9VY-00187-00047288-00047590 our crops are in season so all of these
90yPsZKp9VY-00188-00047591-00047798 things designed to do one thing use the
90yPsZKp9VY-00189-00047799-00048067 talents that we have use the hospitality
90yPsZKp9VY-00190-00048068-00048418 of South Carolina use the the aggressive
90yPsZKp9VY-00191-00048419-00048640 marketing efforts to bring people to our
90yPsZKp9VY-00192-00048641-00048848 state seem like a lot of them don't go
90yPsZKp9VY-00193-00048849-00049034 home governor
90yPsZKp9VY-00194-00049035-00049196 when we first started doing this that
90yPsZKp9VY-00195-00049197-00049340 you might've represented four million
90yPsZKp9VY-00196-00049341-00049520 South Carolinians now it's five and
90yPsZKp9VY-00197-00049521-00049763 growing but we'll take them all we'll
90yPsZKp9VY-00198-00049764-00050144 feed them well and they in turn can help
90yPsZKp9VY-00199-00050145-00050318 support South Carolina Pharma so it's a
90yPsZKp9VY-00200-00050319-00050531 real privilege to stand before you and
90yPsZKp9VY-00201-00050532-00050738 have a collaboration between the
90yPsZKp9VY-00202-00050739-00050966 governor's office PRT in the Department
90yPsZKp9VY-00203-00050967-00051161 of Agriculture that's one of the things
90yPsZKp9VY-00204-00051162-00051302 that I think Dwayne and I take a lot of
90yPsZKp9VY-00205-00051303-00051521 pride in as well we've got an aggressive
90yPsZKp9VY-00206-00051522-00051733 year for them plant we talked about it
90yPsZKp9VY-00207-00051734-00051965 last night we don't tell them what they
90yPsZKp9VY-00208-00051966-00052180 signed up for until they signed up you
90yPsZKp9VY-00209-00052182-00052402 so that's just a little trick that we
90yPsZKp9VY-00210-00052403-00052634 have and but been very successful this
90yPsZKp9VY-00211-00052635-00052822 year it's a real treat to have five
90yPsZKp9VY-00212-00052823-00053102 chefs to recognize our fifth year so
90yPsZKp9VY-00213-00053103-00053513 well just want to be very cognizant of
90yPsZKp9VY-00214-00053514-00053675 working for our South Carolina farmers
90yPsZKp9VY-00215-00053676-00053972 working for the cuisine industry in
90yPsZKp9VY-00216-00053973-00054119 South Carolina pulling it all together
90yPsZKp9VY-00217-00054120-00054320 really to promote what a great state
90yPsZKp9VY-00218-00054321-00054529 that governor McMaster lieutenant got an
90yPsZKp9VY-00219-00054530-00054749 effort are leading for so thank you for
90yPsZKp9VY-00220-00054750-00055466 being here thank you Hugh is I like to
90yPsZKp9VY-00221-00055466-00055715 say we my team and I we try to bring
90yPsZKp9VY-00222-00055716-00055886 them here Hugh and his team feeds them
90yPsZKp9VY-00223-00055887-00056015 that's really what it's about at the end
90yPsZKp9VY-00224-00056016-00056291 of the day so they would also like now
90yPsZKp9VY-00225-00056291-00056501 like technology outgoing class of 2018
90yPsZKp9VY-00226-00056502-00056741 and present official chef coach to the
90yPsZKp9VY-00227-00056741-00057011 incoming class of 2019 I'd like to call
90yPsZKp9VY-00228-00057012-00057154 in Dahle tuning our director of sales
90yPsZKp9VY-00229-00057155-00057341 and marketing for Parks Recreation to
90yPsZKp9VY-00230-00057341-00057541 tourism and Beverly Shelley to the front
90yPsZKp9VY-00231-00057542-00058409 to help with this announcement hi
90yPsZKp9VY-00232-00058410-00058727 everyone we we like to say that it there
90yPsZKp9VY-00233-00058728-00059024 they are our outgoing chefs however once
90yPsZKp9VY-00234-00059025-00059210 the chef ambassador you're always a chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00235-00059211-00059441 ambassador so it's like a vortex program
90yPsZKp9VY-00236-00059441-00059716 really we've never let you go so we
90yPsZKp9VY-00237-00059717-00059908 appreciate them always staying involved
90yPsZKp9VY-00238-00059909-00060215 and so last year to name the last year's
90yPsZKp9VY-00239-00060216-00060437 chefs from 2018
90yPsZKp9VY-00240-00060438-00060734 Heidi Volkoff with two croissants Bistro
90yPsZKp9VY-00241-00060735-00060947 locations and the newest restaurant hook
90yPsZKp9VY-00242-00060948-00061192 and Barrel in Myrtle Beach she is unable
90yPsZKp9VY-00243-00061194-00061480 to join us today but we appreciate her
90yPsZKp9VY-00244-00061482-00061625 help with this program
90yPsZKp9VY-00245-00061626-00062059 Kiki Cyrus
90yPsZKp9VY-00246-00062060-00062461 [Applause]
90yPsZKp9VY-00247-00062462-00062785 kikis chicken and waffles from Columbia
90yPsZKp9VY-00248-00062786-00063025 Michele Weaver from Charleston grilled
90yPsZKp9VY-00249-00063026-00063226 Charleston in Charleston area she is
90yPsZKp9VY-00250-00063227-00064141 also unable to be here today and Sarah
90yPsZKp9VY-00251-00064142-00064342 McClure with Southside smokehouse and
90yPsZKp9VY-00252-00064344-00067046 Landrum and now for this year's class
90yPsZKp9VY-00253-00067047-00067231 the first chef that I'm going to
90yPsZKp9VY-00254-00067232-00067586 introduce is chef Brandon Carter from
90yPsZKp9VY-00255-00067587-00067768 farm restaurant in Bluffton South
90yPsZKp9VY-00256-00067769-00068350 Carolina born in Ohio and raised in
90yPsZKp9VY-00257-00068351-00068542 Georgia Brandon was inspired by the
90yPsZKp9VY-00258-00068543-00068747 allure of the kitchen during a family
90yPsZKp9VY-00259-00068748-00069043 trip to Italy at the age of 13 compelled
90yPsZKp9VY-00260-00069044-00069221 by the industry's high energy he took
90yPsZKp9VY-00261-00069222-00069422 his talents to the Culinary Institute of
90yPsZKp9VY-00262-00069423-00069831 America where he graduated in 1999 as
90yPsZKp9VY-00263-00069832-00070097 executive as executive chef and partner
90yPsZKp9VY-00264-00070098-00070385 of farm Brandon works tirelessly to
90yPsZKp9VY-00265-00070386-00070598 connect the dining experience with
90yPsZKp9VY-00266-00070599-00070910 authentic farm culture always cognizant
90yPsZKp9VY-00267-00070911-00071087 of seasonality and availability of
90yPsZKp9VY-00268-00071088-00071305 agreed ingredients he crafts
90yPsZKp9VY-00269-00071306-00071528 ever-evolving menus that speak to the
90yPsZKp9VY-00270-00071529-00071743 bounty of the region while paying homage
90yPsZKp9VY-00271-00071744-00071966 to the many farmers and artisans who
90yPsZKp9VY-00272-00071967-00072554 inspire him thanks Brandon
90yPsZKp9VY-00273-00072555-00072822 the second chef I'll introduce is chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00274-00072823-00073245 Mark Collins circa 1886 in Charleston
90yPsZKp9VY-00275-00073246-00074010 South Carolina at age 16 mark worked as
90yPsZKp9VY-00276-00074011-00074151 a chef apprentice aboard the yacht
90yPsZKp9VY-00277-00074152-00074403 paradise to an experience that inspired
90yPsZKp9VY-00278-00074404-00074643 him to pursue a culinary degree at the
90yPsZKp9VY-00279-00074644-00074913 pennsylvania institute of culinary arts
90yPsZKp9VY-00280-00074914-00075225 at 23 he took his first chef position at
90yPsZKp9VY-00281-00075226-00075483 the Fairmont Hotel a Triple A four
90yPsZKp9VY-00282-00075484-00075840 Diamond restaurant in June of 2001 mark
90yPsZKp9VY-00283-00075841-00075999 moved to Charleston and became executive
90yPsZKp9VY-00284-00076000-00076356 chef of circa 1886 as the son of an
90yPsZKp9VY-00285-00076357-00076533 artist he learned the importance of
90yPsZKp9VY-00286-00076534-00076779 constantly staying creative at a very
90yPsZKp9VY-00287-00076780-00076995 young age which serves him well in the
90yPsZKp9VY-00288-00076996-00077238 culinary field where he continually
90yPsZKp9VY-00289-00077239-00077445 strives for originality in both food
90yPsZKp9VY-00290-00077446-00077720 presentation and recipe development
90yPsZKp9VY-00291-00077721-00078305 thank you
90yPsZKp9VY-00292-00078306-00078684 the next chef is chef Tanya Harris the
90yPsZKp9VY-00293-00078685-00079623 lazy goat Greenville Danielson Fuegos
90yPsZKp9VY-00294-00079624-00079872 Harris attended culinary school in
90yPsZKp9VY-00295-00079873-00080132 Mexico City where she studied culinary
90yPsZKp9VY-00296-00080133-00080403 arts in the collegio superior de
90yPsZKp9VY-00297-00080404-00080976 gastronomie oh did I do that okay for
90yPsZKp9VY-00298-00080977-00081107 four years to earn her culinary
90yPsZKp9VY-00299-00081108-00081303 bachelor's degree it was after
90yPsZKp9VY-00300-00081304-00081489 graduating that Tonya discovered her
90yPsZKp9VY-00301-00081490-00081740 love of pastries cakes and bread and
90yPsZKp9VY-00302-00081741-00081921 working with chocolate and sugar
90yPsZKp9VY-00303-00081922-00082194 especially she is now in Greenville
90yPsZKp9VY-00304-00082195-00082365 working as the pastry chef at the lazy
90yPsZKp9VY-00305-00082366-00082617 goat being in South Carolina has helped
90yPsZKp9VY-00306-00082618-00082827 Hannah gain at wider and understanding
90yPsZKp9VY-00307-00082828-00083097 of how important local farmers farmers
90yPsZKp9VY-00308-00083098-00083352 and local produce are when it comes to
90yPsZKp9VY-00309-00083353-00083550 impacting the community and the culinary
90yPsZKp9VY-00310-00083551-00084253 scene in Greenville
90yPsZKp9VY-00311-00084254-00084517 the fourth chef I'll introduce is chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00312-00084518-00084907 Jessica Shillito from the spotted
90yPsZKp9VY-00313-00084908-00085567 salamander here in Columbia Jessica took
90yPsZKp9VY-00314-00085568-00085717 an interest in cooking at an early age
90yPsZKp9VY-00315-00085718-00086084 food food cooking and sherry meals were
90yPsZKp9VY-00316-00086085-00086285 always a big part of her life growing up
90yPsZKp9VY-00317-00086286-00086491 being surrounded by a family of
90yPsZKp9VY-00318-00086492-00086686 wonderful cooks inspired her to become a
90yPsZKp9VY-00319-00086687-00086812 professional chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00320-00086813-00087013 Jessica's classically trained in the
90yPsZKp9VY-00321-00087014-00087247 culinary arts holding two degrees from
90yPsZKp9VY-00322-00087248-00087446 Johnson & Wales University Charleston
90yPsZKp9VY-00323-00087447-00087791 campus in 2014 she opened spotted
90yPsZKp9VY-00324-00087792-00087997 salamander cafe in the Robert Mills
90yPsZKp9VY-00325-00087998-00088297 historic District of Columbia where she
90yPsZKp9VY-00326-00088298-00088501 committed to making fresh local Southern
90yPsZKp9VY-00327-00088502-00088807 cuisine with an inventive twist and you
90yPsZKp9VY-00328-00088808-00089015 have to try the deviled eggs at spot a
90yPsZKp9VY-00329-00089016-00090047 challenge thanks Jessica our final chef
90yPsZKp9VY-00330-00090048-00090403 is chef Kelly Vogel I'm from town hall
90yPsZKp9VY-00331-00090404-00091210 in Florence originally from Rogers City
90yPsZKp9VY-00332-00091211-00091432 Michigan Kelly now resides in Florence
90yPsZKp9VY-00333-00091433-00091663 as the executive executive chef of
90yPsZKp9VY-00334-00091664-00091942 townhall restaurant and bar her passion
90yPsZKp9VY-00335-00091943-00092113 for food began early cooking with her
90yPsZKp9VY-00336-00092114-00092315 mother and grandmother in the kitchen at
90yPsZKp9VY-00337-00092316-00092360 home
90yPsZKp9VY-00338-00092361-00092605 Kelly earned her associate's degree in
90yPsZKp9VY-00339-00092606-00092747 the culinary arts at the Great Lakes
90yPsZKp9VY-00340-00092748-00092956 Culinary Institute in Traverse City
90yPsZKp9VY-00341-00092957-00093250 Michigan and continue to grow in her
90yPsZKp9VY-00342-00093251-00093487 career from there after moving to South
90yPsZKp9VY-00343-00093488-00093685 Carolina she landed her position in
90yPsZKp9VY-00344-00093686-00093898 Florence which she is proud to now call
90yPsZKp9VY-00345-00093899-00094193 home
90yPsZKp9VY-00346-00094194-00094462 [Applause]
90yPsZKp9VY-00347-00094463-00094701 we're excited about our new class we
90yPsZKp9VY-00348-00094702-00094918 appreciate you already being involved
90yPsZKp9VY-00349-00094919-00095088 and we've got some great things planned
90yPsZKp9VY-00350-00095089-00095549 for you this year
90yPsZKp9VY-00351-00095550-00096287 [Applause]
90yPsZKp9VY-00352-00096288-00096651 thank you dolly what a class we've been
90yPsZKp9VY-00353-00096652-00097018 such a such a fun thing for us I can't
90yPsZKp9VY-00354-00097019-00097275 tell you what it is to highlight food it
90yPsZKp9VY-00355-00097276-00097516 is a top reason now people travel you
90yPsZKp9VY-00356-00097517-00097650 know I grew up with my parents we didn't
90yPsZKp9VY-00357-00097651-00097782 pick a place to go because of where
90yPsZKp9VY-00358-00097783-00097924 there were good places to eat but today
90yPsZKp9VY-00359-00097925-00098112 that's not the case in South Carolina
90yPsZKp9VY-00360-00098113-00098259 fits that bill we have so many wonderful
90yPsZKp9VY-00361-00098260-00098479 even within our state the changes in
90yPsZKp9VY-00362-00098480-00098635 culinary destinations around here are
90yPsZKp9VY-00363-00098636-00098805 just tremendous and a wonderful offering
90yPsZKp9VY-00364-00098806-00099010 for the traveling public so I want to
90yPsZKp9VY-00365-00099011-00099148 say again thank you and if you'll join
90yPsZKp9VY-00366-00099149-00099312 me in a round of applause for our 2018
90yPsZKp9VY-00367-00099313-00100056 class was I was proud to be associated
90yPsZKp9VY-00368-00100057-00100206 with this class and the wonderful things
90yPsZKp9VY-00369-00100207-00100348 they did to represent our state and I
90yPsZKp9VY-00370-00100349-00100543 look forward to 2019 with our wonderful
90yPsZKp9VY-00371-00100544-00100707 class and thank you all for joining us
90yPsZKp9VY-00372-00100708-00100930 today
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92SAzkEj3uY-00001-00000662-00001408 thank you
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931hLJN44LQ-00000-00000056-00000375 encyclical letter umanum genus on
931hLJN44LQ-00001-00000376-00000511 freemasonry
931hLJN44LQ-00002-00000512-00000823 by pope leo the 13th
931hLJN44LQ-00003-00000824-00001079 this is the librivox recording all
931hLJN44LQ-00004-00001080-00001278 librivox recordings are in the public
931hLJN44LQ-00005-00001279-00001374 domain
931hLJN44LQ-00006-00001375-00001623 for more information or to volunteer
931hLJN44LQ-00007-00001623-00002039 please visit librivox.org
931hLJN44LQ-00008-00002039-00002223 freemasonry
931hLJN44LQ-00009-00002224-00002518 encyclical letter umanum genus april
931hLJN44LQ-00010-00002519-00002847 20th 1884.
931hLJN44LQ-00011-00002848-00003142 the race of man after its miserable fall
931hLJN44LQ-00012-00003143-00003367 from god the creator and the giver of
931hLJN44LQ-00013-00003368-00003511 heavenly gifts
931hLJN44LQ-00014-00003511-00003751 through the envy of the devil separated
931hLJN44LQ-00015-00003752-00004031 into two diverse and opposite parts
931hLJN44LQ-00016-00004032-00004303 of which the one steadfastly contends
931hLJN44LQ-00017-00004304-00004486 for truth and virtue
931hLJN44LQ-00018-00004487-00004686 the other for those things which are
931hLJN44LQ-00019-00004687-00005047 contrary to virtue and to truth
931hLJN44LQ-00020-00005048-00005311 the one is the kingdom of god on earth
931hLJN44LQ-00021-00005312-00005615 namely the true church of jesus christ
931hLJN44LQ-00022-00005616-00005831 and those who desire from their heart to
931hLJN44LQ-00023-00005832-00006022 be united with it so as to gain
931hLJN44LQ-00024-00006023-00006311 salvation must of necessity serve god
931hLJN44LQ-00025-00006312-00006510 and his only begotten son
931hLJN44LQ-00026-00006511-00006783 with their whole mind and with an entire
931hLJN44LQ-00027-00006784-00006967 will
931hLJN44LQ-00028-00006968-00007191 the other is the kingdom of satan in
931hLJN44LQ-00029-00007192-00007446 whose possession and control are all
931hLJN44LQ-00030-00007447-00007703 whosoever follow the fatal example of
931hLJN44LQ-00031-00007704-00007991 their leader and of our first parents
931hLJN44LQ-00032-00007992-00008246 those who refuse to obey the divine and
931hLJN44LQ-00033-00008247-00008391 eternal law
931hLJN44LQ-00034-00008392-00008646 and who have many aims of their own in
931hLJN44LQ-00035-00008647-00008814 contempt of god
931hLJN44LQ-00036-00008815-00009271 and many aims also against god
931hLJN44LQ-00037-00009272-00009510 this two-fold kingdom saint augustine
931hLJN44LQ-00038-00009511-00009783 keenly discerned and described after the
931hLJN44LQ-00039-00009784-00009967 manner of two cities
931hLJN44LQ-00040-00009968-00010223 contrary in their laws because striving
931hLJN44LQ-00041-00010224-00010438 for contrary objects
931hLJN44LQ-00042-00010439-00010671 and with a subtle brevity he expressed
931hLJN44LQ-00043-00010672-00010855 the efficient cause of each in these
931hLJN44LQ-00044-00010856-00010999 words
931hLJN44LQ-00045-00011000-00011278 two loves form two cities
931hLJN44LQ-00046-00011279-00011542 the love of self reaching even to
931hLJN44LQ-00047-00011543-00011823 contempt of god an earthly city
931hLJN44LQ-00048-00011824-00011983 and the love of god
931hLJN44LQ-00049-00011984-00012231 reaching to contempt of self a heavenly
931hLJN44LQ-00050-00012232-00012495 one
931hLJN44LQ-00051-00012496-00012759 at every period of time each has been in
931hLJN44LQ-00052-00012760-00012927 conflict with the other
931hLJN44LQ-00053-00012928-00013166 with a variety and multiplicity of
931hLJN44LQ-00054-00013168-00013358 weapons and of warfare
931hLJN44LQ-00055-00013359-00013591 although not always with equal order and
931hLJN44LQ-00056-00013591-00013783 assaults
931hLJN44LQ-00057-00013784-00013991 at this period however
931hLJN44LQ-00058-00013991-00014222 partisans of evil seem to be combining
931hLJN44LQ-00059-00014223-00014335 together
931hLJN44LQ-00060-00014336-00014551 and to be struggling with united
931hLJN44LQ-00061-00014552-00014671 vehemence
931hLJN44LQ-00062-00014672-00014966 led on or assisted by that strongly
931hLJN44LQ-00063-00014968-00015230 organized and widespread association
931hLJN44LQ-00064-00015231-00015550 called the freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00065-00015551-00015766 no longer making any secret of their
931hLJN44LQ-00066-00015768-00015894 purposes
931hLJN44LQ-00067-00015895-00016103 they are now boldly rising up against
931hLJN44LQ-00068-00016104-00016311 god himself
931hLJN44LQ-00069-00016312-00016503 they are planning the destruction of
931hLJN44LQ-00070-00016504-00016839 holy church publicly and openly
931hLJN44LQ-00071-00016840-00017103 and this with the set purpose of utterly
931hLJN44LQ-00072-00017104-00017375 despoiling the nations of christendom if
931hLJN44LQ-00073-00017376-00017519 it were possible
931hLJN44LQ-00074-00017520-00017711 of the blessings obtained for us through
931hLJN44LQ-00075-00017712-00018063 jesus christ our savior
931hLJN44LQ-00076-00018064-00018350 lamenting these evils we are constrained
931hLJN44LQ-00077-00018351-00018599 by the charity which urges our heart to
931hLJN44LQ-00078-00018600-00018871 cry out often to god
931hLJN44LQ-00079-00018872-00018991 for lo
931hLJN44LQ-00080-00018992-00019214 thy enemies have made a noise
931hLJN44LQ-00081-00019215-00019399 and they that hate thee have lifted up
931hLJN44LQ-00082-00019400-00019527 the head
931hLJN44LQ-00083-00019528-00019719 they have taken a malicious counsel
931hLJN44LQ-00084-00019720-00019879 against thy people and they have
931hLJN44LQ-00085-00019880-00020143 consulted against thy saints
931hLJN44LQ-00086-00020144-00020399 they have said come and let us destroy
931hLJN44LQ-00087-00020400-00020830 them so that they may be not a nation
931hLJN44LQ-00088-00020831-00021047 at so urgent a crisis
931hLJN44LQ-00089-00021048-00021247 when so fierce and so pressing an
931hLJN44LQ-00090-00021248-00021447 onslaught is made upon the christian
931hLJN44LQ-00091-00021448-00021567 name
931hLJN44LQ-00092-00021568-00021871 it is our office to point out the danger
931hLJN44LQ-00093-00021872-00022158 to mark who are the adversaries
931hLJN44LQ-00094-00022159-00022391 and to the best of our power to make
931hLJN44LQ-00095-00022392-00022671 head against their plans and devices
931hLJN44LQ-00096-00022672-00022830 that those may not perish whose
931hLJN44LQ-00097-00022831-00023063 salvation is committed to us and that
931hLJN44LQ-00098-00023064-00023294 the kingdom of jesus christ entrusted to
931hLJN44LQ-00099-00023295-00023422 our charge
931hLJN44LQ-00100-00023423-00023703 may not only stand and remain whole
931hLJN44LQ-00101-00023704-00023927 but may be enlarged by an ever
931hLJN44LQ-00102-00023928-00024350 increasing growth throughout the world
931hLJN44LQ-00103-00024351-00024639 the roman pontiffs our predecessors in
931hLJN44LQ-00104-00024640-00024847 their incessant watchfulness over the
931hLJN44LQ-00105-00024848-00025055 safety of the christian people
931hLJN44LQ-00106-00025056-00025255 were prompt in detecting the presence
931hLJN44LQ-00107-00025256-00025455 and the purpose of this capital enemy
931hLJN44LQ-00108-00025456-00025655 immediately it sprang into the light
931hLJN44LQ-00109-00025656-00026070 instead of hiding as a dark conspiracy
931hLJN44LQ-00110-00026072-00026287 and moreover they took occasion with
931hLJN44LQ-00111-00026288-00026567 true foresight to give as it were the
931hLJN44LQ-00112-00026568-00026695 alarm
931hLJN44LQ-00113-00026695-00026935 and to admonish both princes and nations
931hLJN44LQ-00114-00026936-00027158 to stand on their guard and not allow
931hLJN44LQ-00115-00027160-00027335 themselves to be caught by the devices
931hLJN44LQ-00116-00027336-00027751 and snares laid out to deceive them
931hLJN44LQ-00117-00027752-00027918 the first warning of the danger was
931hLJN44LQ-00118-00027919-00028351 given by clement xii in the year 1738
931hLJN44LQ-00119-00028352-00028574 and his constitution was confirmed and
931hLJN44LQ-00120-00028575-00028927 renewed by benedict xiv
931hLJN44LQ-00121-00028927-00029214 pius vii followed the same path
931hLJN44LQ-00122-00029216-00029483 and leo the 12th by his apostolic
931hLJN44LQ-00123-00029483-00029790 constitution quo graviora put together
931hLJN44LQ-00124-00029791-00030055 the acts and decrees of former pontiffs
931hLJN44LQ-00125-00030056-00030279 on the subject and ratified and
931hLJN44LQ-00126-00030280-00030614 confirmed them forever
931hLJN44LQ-00127-00030616-00030902 in the same sense spoke pius viii
931hLJN44LQ-00128-00030903-00031087 gregory xvi
931hLJN44LQ-00129-00031088-00031439 and many times over pius ix
931hLJN44LQ-00130-00031439-00031655 for as soon as the constitution and the
931hLJN44LQ-00131-00031656-00031887 spirit of the masonic sect were clearly
931hLJN44LQ-00132-00031888-00032118 discovered by manifest signs of its
931hLJN44LQ-00133-00032119-00032231 action
931hLJN44LQ-00134-00032232-00032455 by cases investigated
931hLJN44LQ-00135-00032456-00032679 by the publication of its laws and of
931hLJN44LQ-00136-00032680-00032831 its rights and commentaries with the
931hLJN44LQ-00137-00032832-00033055 addition often of the personal testimony
931hLJN44LQ-00138-00033056-00033302 of those who were in the secret
931hLJN44LQ-00139-00033303-00033567 this apostolic see denounced the sect of
931hLJN44LQ-00140-00033568-00033862 the freemasons and publicly declared its
931hLJN44LQ-00141-00033863-00034095 constitution as contrary to law and
931hLJN44LQ-00142-00034096-00034183 right
931hLJN44LQ-00143-00034184-00034423 to be pernicious no less to christendom
931hLJN44LQ-00144-00034424-00034583 than to the state
931hLJN44LQ-00145-00034584-00034807 and it forbade anyone to enter this
931hLJN44LQ-00146-00034808-00035055 society under the penalties which the
931hLJN44LQ-00147-00035056-00035271 church is want to inflict upon
931hLJN44LQ-00148-00035272-00035607 exceptionally guilty persons
931hLJN44LQ-00149-00035608-00035751 the sectaries
931hLJN44LQ-00150-00035752-00035918 indignant at this
931hLJN44LQ-00151-00035919-00036151 thinking to elude or to weaken the force
931hLJN44LQ-00152-00036152-00036302 of these decrees
931hLJN44LQ-00153-00036303-00036518 partly by contempt of them and partly by
931hLJN44LQ-00154-00036519-00036646 colomny
931hLJN44LQ-00155-00036647-00036887 accused the sovereign pontiffs who had
931hLJN44LQ-00156-00036888-00037071 passed them either of exceeding the
931hLJN44LQ-00157-00037072-00037318 bounds of moderation in their decrees or
931hLJN44LQ-00158-00037319-00037695 of decreeing what was not just
931hLJN44LQ-00159-00037696-00037855 this was the manner in which they
931hLJN44LQ-00160-00037856-00038062 endeavored to elude the authority and
931hLJN44LQ-00161-00038063-00038207 the weight of the apostolic
931hLJN44LQ-00162-00038208-00038495 constitutions of clement xii
931hLJN44LQ-00163-00038496-00038702 and benedict xiv
931hLJN44LQ-00164-00038703-00039207 as well as of pius vii and pius ix
931hLJN44LQ-00165-00039208-00039439 yet in the very society itself
931hLJN44LQ-00166-00039440-00039630 there were to be found men who
931hLJN44LQ-00167-00039631-00039862 unwillingly acknowledged that the roman
931hLJN44LQ-00168-00039863-00040159 pontiffs had acted within their right
931hLJN44LQ-00169-00040160-00040335 according to the catholic doctrine and
931hLJN44LQ-00170-00040336-00040559 discipline
931hLJN44LQ-00171-00040560-00040855 the pontiffs received the same ascent
931hLJN44LQ-00172-00040856-00041111 and in strong terms from many princes
931hLJN44LQ-00173-00041112-00041318 and heads of governments who made it
931hLJN44LQ-00174-00041319-00041518 their business either to delayed the
931hLJN44LQ-00175-00041519-00041807 masonic society to the apostolic sea or
931hLJN44LQ-00176-00041808-00041967 of their own accord by special
931hLJN44LQ-00177-00041968-00042327 enactments to brand it as pernicious
931hLJN44LQ-00178-00042328-00042630 as for example in holland austria
931hLJN44LQ-00179-00042631-00043030 switzerland spain bavaria savoy and
931hLJN44LQ-00180-00043031-00043415 other parts of italy
931hLJN44LQ-00181-00043416-00043671 but what is of highest importance
931hLJN44LQ-00182-00043672-00043902 the course of events has demonstrated
931hLJN44LQ-00183-00043903-00044151 the prudence of our predecessors
931hLJN44LQ-00184-00044152-00044327 for their provident and paternal
931hLJN44LQ-00185-00044328-00044574 solicitude had not always and everywhere
931hLJN44LQ-00186-00044575-00044790 the result desired
931hLJN44LQ-00187-00044791-00044990 and this either because of the
931hLJN44LQ-00188-00044991-00045223 simulation and cunning of some who were
931hLJN44LQ-00189-00045224-00045455 active agents in the mischief
931hLJN44LQ-00190-00045456-00045679 or else of the thoughtless levity of the
931hLJN44LQ-00191-00045680-00045943 rest to ought in their own interest
931hLJN44LQ-00192-00045944-00046118 to have given to the matter their
931hLJN44LQ-00193-00046119-00046283 diligent
931hLJN44LQ-00194-00046284-00046583 attention in consequence
931hLJN44LQ-00195-00046584-00046839 the sect of freemasons grew with a
931hLJN44LQ-00196-00046840-00047095 rapidity beyond conception in the course
931hLJN44LQ-00197-00047096-00047286 of a century and a half
931hLJN44LQ-00198-00047287-00047535 until it came to be able by means of
931hLJN44LQ-00199-00047536-00047862 fraud or of audacity to gain such
931hLJN44LQ-00200-00047863-00048111 entrance into every rank of the state as
931hLJN44LQ-00201-00048112-00048535 to seem to be almost its ruling power
931hLJN44LQ-00202-00048536-00048799 this swift and formidable advance has
931hLJN44LQ-00203-00048800-00048974 brought upon the church
931hLJN44LQ-00204-00048975-00049183 upon the power of princes
931hLJN44LQ-00205-00049184-00049423 upon the public well-being
931hLJN44LQ-00206-00049424-00049662 precisely that grievous harm which our
931hLJN44LQ-00207-00049663-00050143 predecessors had long before foreseen
931hLJN44LQ-00208-00050144-00050367 such a condition has been reached that
931hLJN44LQ-00209-00050368-00050599 henceforth there will be grave reason to
931hLJN44LQ-00210-00050600-00050711 fear
931hLJN44LQ-00211-00050712-00050911 not indeed for the church for her
931hLJN44LQ-00212-00050912-00051127 foundation is much too firm to be
931hLJN44LQ-00213-00051128-00051423 overturned by the effort of men
931hLJN44LQ-00214-00051424-00051646 but for those states in which prevails
931hLJN44LQ-00215-00051647-00051758 the power
931hLJN44LQ-00216-00051759-00051919 either of the sect of which we are
931hLJN44LQ-00217-00051920-00052175 speaking or of other sects not
931hLJN44LQ-00218-00052176-00052399 dissimilar which lend themselves to it
931hLJN44LQ-00219-00052400-00052823 as disciples and subordinates
931hLJN44LQ-00220-00052824-00052991 for these reasons
931hLJN44LQ-00221-00052991-00053207 we no sooner came to the helm of the
931hLJN44LQ-00222-00053208-00053471 church than we clearly saw and felt it
931hLJN44LQ-00223-00053472-00053735 to be our duty to use our authority to
931hLJN44LQ-00224-00053736-00054238 the very utmost against so vast and evil
931hLJN44LQ-00225-00054239-00054479 we have several times already as
931hLJN44LQ-00226-00054479-00054630 occasion served
931hLJN44LQ-00227-00054632-00054823 attacked certain chief points of
931hLJN44LQ-00228-00054824-00055023 teaching which showed in a special
931hLJN44LQ-00229-00055024-00055294 manner the perverse influence of masonic
931hLJN44LQ-00230-00055295-00055487 opinions
931hLJN44LQ-00231-00055488-00055750 thus in our encyclical letter quote
931hLJN44LQ-00232-00055751-00056071 apostolici munaris we endeavored to
931hLJN44LQ-00233-00056072-00056319 refute the monstrous doctrines of the
931hLJN44LQ-00234-00056320-00056575 socialists and communists
931hLJN44LQ-00235-00056576-00056959 afterwards in another beginning arcanum
931hLJN44LQ-00236-00056960-00057263 we took pains to defend and explain the
931hLJN44LQ-00237-00057264-00057559 true and genuine idea of domestic life
931hLJN44LQ-00238-00057560-00057775 of which marriage is the spring and
931hLJN44LQ-00239-00057776-00057982 origin
931hLJN44LQ-00240-00057983-00058103 and again
931hLJN44LQ-00241-00058104-00058423 in that which begins the utturnum
931hLJN44LQ-00242-00058424-00058638 we described the ideal of political
931hLJN44LQ-00243-00058639-00058879 government conformed to the principles
931hLJN44LQ-00244-00058879-00059142 of christian wisdom which is marvelously
931hLJN44LQ-00245-00059144-00059326 in harmony on the one hand with the
931hLJN44LQ-00246-00059327-00059535 natural order of things
931hLJN44LQ-00247-00059536-00059766 and on the other with the well-being of
931hLJN44LQ-00248-00059767-00060206 both sovereign princes and of nations
931hLJN44LQ-00249-00060207-00060479 it is now our intention following the
931hLJN44LQ-00250-00060479-00060726 example of our predecessors
931hLJN44LQ-00251-00060727-00060999 directly to treat of the masonic society
931hLJN44LQ-00252-00061000-00061119 itself
931hLJN44LQ-00253-00061120-00061279 of its whole teaching
931hLJN44LQ-00254-00061279-00061415 of its aims
931hLJN44LQ-00255-00061416-00061687 and of its manner of thinking and acting
931hLJN44LQ-00256-00061688-00061911 in order to bring more and more into the
931hLJN44LQ-00257-00061912-00062175 light its power for evil and to do what
931hLJN44LQ-00258-00062176-00062438 we can to arrest the contagion of this
931hLJN44LQ-00259-00062439-00062775 fatal plague
931hLJN44LQ-00260-00062776-00063063 there are several organized bodies which
931hLJN44LQ-00261-00063064-00063238 though differing in name
931hLJN44LQ-00262-00063239-00063599 in ceremonial in form and origin
931hLJN44LQ-00263-00063600-00063806 are nevertheless so bound together by
931hLJN44LQ-00264-00063807-00064015 community of purpose and by the
931hLJN44LQ-00265-00064016-00064279 similarity of their main opinions
931hLJN44LQ-00266-00064279-00064479 as to make in fact one thing with the
931hLJN44LQ-00267-00064479-00064663 sect of the freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00268-00064664-00064887 which is a kind of center once they all
931hLJN44LQ-00269-00064888-00065359 go forth and wither they all return
931hLJN44LQ-00270-00065360-00065567 now these no longer show a desire to
931hLJN44LQ-00271-00065568-00065711 remain concealed
931hLJN44LQ-00272-00065712-00065887 for they hold their meetings in the
931hLJN44LQ-00273-00065888-00066126 daylight and before the public eye
931hLJN44LQ-00274-00066127-00066455 and publish their own newspaper organs
931hLJN44LQ-00275-00066456-00066750 and yet when thoroughly understood
931hLJN44LQ-00276-00066751-00066903 they are found still to retain the
931hLJN44LQ-00277-00066904-00067094 nature and the habits of secret
931hLJN44LQ-00278-00067095-00067294 societies
931hLJN44LQ-00279-00067295-00067479 there are many things like mysteries
931hLJN44LQ-00280-00067480-00067703 which it is fixed to rule to hide with
931hLJN44LQ-00281-00067704-00068015 extreme care not only from strangers but
931hLJN44LQ-00282-00068016-00068335 from very many members also
931hLJN44LQ-00283-00068336-00068606 such as their secret and final designs
931hLJN44LQ-00284-00068607-00068815 the names of the chief leaders and
931hLJN44LQ-00285-00068816-00069111 certain secret and inner meetings
931hLJN44LQ-00286-00069112-00069335 as well as their decisions and the ways
931hLJN44LQ-00287-00069336-00069663 and means of carrying them out
931hLJN44LQ-00288-00069664-00069894 this is no doubt the object of the
931hLJN44LQ-00289-00069895-00070103 manifold difference among the members as
931hLJN44LQ-00290-00070104-00070367 to right office and privilege
931hLJN44LQ-00291-00070368-00070575 of the received distinction of orders
931hLJN44LQ-00292-00070576-00070806 and grades and of that severe discipline
931hLJN44LQ-00293-00070807-00071103 which is maintained
931hLJN44LQ-00294-00071104-00071319 candidates are generally commanded to
931hLJN44LQ-00295-00071320-00071447 promise
931hLJN44LQ-00296-00071448-00071703 nay with a special oath to swear
931hLJN44LQ-00297-00071704-00071943 that they will never to any person at
931hLJN44LQ-00298-00071944-00072199 any time or in any way make known the
931hLJN44LQ-00299-00072200-00072406 members the passes or the subjects
931hLJN44LQ-00300-00072407-00072575 discussed
931hLJN44LQ-00301-00072576-00072782 thus with a fraudulent external
931hLJN44LQ-00302-00072783-00072982 appearance and with a style of
931hLJN44LQ-00303-00072983-00073247 simulation which is always the same
931hLJN44LQ-00304-00073248-00073503 the freemasons like the manikies of old
931hLJN44LQ-00305-00073504-00073799 strive as far as possible to conceal
931hLJN44LQ-00306-00073800-00073919 themselves
931hLJN44LQ-00307-00073920-00074150 and to admit no witnesses but their own
931hLJN44LQ-00308-00074151-00074423 members
931hLJN44LQ-00309-00074424-00074687 as a convenient manner of concealment
931hLJN44LQ-00310-00074688-00074903 they assume the character of literary
931hLJN44LQ-00311-00074904-00075135 men and scholars associated for purposes
931hLJN44LQ-00312-00075136-00075303 of learning
931hLJN44LQ-00313-00075304-00075503 they speak of their zeal for a more
931hLJN44LQ-00314-00075504-00075750 cultured refinement and of their love
931hLJN44LQ-00315-00075751-00075926 for the poor
931hLJN44LQ-00316-00075927-00076175 and they declare their one wish to be
931hLJN44LQ-00317-00076176-00076375 the amelioration of the condition of the
931hLJN44LQ-00318-00076376-00076479 masses
931hLJN44LQ-00319-00076480-00076662 and to share with the largest possible
931hLJN44LQ-00320-00076663-00077031 number all the benefits of civil life
931hLJN44LQ-00321-00077032-00077255 were these purposes aimed at in real
931hLJN44LQ-00322-00077256-00077350 truth
931hLJN44LQ-00323-00077351-00077591 they are by no means the whole of their
931hLJN44LQ-00324-00077592-00077791 object
931hLJN44LQ-00325-00077792-00078111 moreover to be enrolled it is necessary
931hLJN44LQ-00326-00078112-00078271 that the candidates promise and
931hLJN44LQ-00327-00078272-00078575 undertake to be thenceforward strictly
931hLJN44LQ-00328-00078576-00078791 obedient to their leaders and masters
931hLJN44LQ-00329-00078792-00079119 with the utmost submission and fidelity
931hLJN44LQ-00330-00079120-00079279 and to be in readiness to do their
931hLJN44LQ-00331-00079280-00079479 bidding upon the slightest expression of
931hLJN44LQ-00332-00079480-00079655 their will
931hLJN44LQ-00333-00079656-00079935 or if disobedient to submit to the
931hLJN44LQ-00334-00079936-00080367 direst penalties and death itself
931hLJN44LQ-00335-00080368-00080631 as a fact if any are judged to have
931hLJN44LQ-00336-00080632-00080894 betrayed the doings of the sect or to
931hLJN44LQ-00337-00080895-00081111 have resisted commands given
931hLJN44LQ-00338-00081112-00081319 punishment is inflicted on them not
931hLJN44LQ-00339-00081320-00081462 infrequently
931hLJN44LQ-00340-00081463-00081743 and with so much audacity and dexterity
931hLJN44LQ-00341-00081744-00082006 that the assassin very often escapes the
931hLJN44LQ-00342-00082007-00082406 detection and penalty of his crime
931hLJN44LQ-00343-00082407-00082735 but to simulate and wish de lai hid
931hLJN44LQ-00344-00082736-00082975 to bind men like slaves in the very
931hLJN44LQ-00345-00082976-00083167 tightest bonds and without giving any
931hLJN44LQ-00346-00083168-00083367 sufficient reason
931hLJN44LQ-00347-00083368-00083575 to make use of men enslaved to the will
931hLJN44LQ-00348-00083576-00083855 of another for any arbitrary act
931hLJN44LQ-00349-00083856-00084143 to arm men's right hands for bloodshed
931hLJN44LQ-00350-00084144-00084487 after securing impunity for the crime
931hLJN44LQ-00351-00084488-00084735 all this is an enormity from which
931hLJN44LQ-00352-00084736-00085071 nature recoils
931hLJN44LQ-00353-00085072-00085255 wherefore reason and truth itself make
931hLJN44LQ-00354-00085256-00085375 it plain
931hLJN44LQ-00355-00085376-00085518 that the society of which we are
931hLJN44LQ-00356-00085519-00085847 speaking is in antagonism with justice
931hLJN44LQ-00357-00085848-00086118 and natural uprightness
931hLJN44LQ-00358-00086119-00086343 and this becomes still plainer in as
931hLJN44LQ-00359-00086344-00086567 much as other arguments also
931hLJN44LQ-00360-00086568-00086775 and those very manifest
931hLJN44LQ-00361-00086776-00087038 prove that it is essentially opposed to
931hLJN44LQ-00362-00087039-00087294 natural virtue
931hLJN44LQ-00363-00087295-00087567 for no matter how great may be men's
931hLJN44LQ-00364-00087568-00087767 cleverness and concealing
931hLJN44LQ-00365-00087768-00088023 and their experience in lying
931hLJN44LQ-00366-00088024-00088247 it is impossible to prevent the effects
931hLJN44LQ-00367-00088248-00088559 of any cause from showing in some way
931hLJN44LQ-00368-00088560-00088775 the intrinsic nature of the cause once
931hLJN44LQ-00369-00088776-00089031 they come
931hLJN44LQ-00370-00089032-00089335 a good tree cannot produce bad fruit
931hLJN44LQ-00371-00089336-00089767 nor a bad tree produce good fruit
931hLJN44LQ-00372-00089768-00090006 now the masonic sect produces fruits
931hLJN44LQ-00373-00090007-00090182 that are pernicious
931hLJN44LQ-00374-00090183-00090526 and of the bitterest savor
931hLJN44LQ-00375-00090527-00090782 for from what we have above most clearly
931hLJN44LQ-00376-00090783-00090903 shown
931hLJN44LQ-00377-00090904-00091079 that which is their ultimate purpose
931hLJN44LQ-00378-00091080-00091311 forces itself into view
931hLJN44LQ-00379-00091312-00091615 namely the utter overthrow of that whole
931hLJN44LQ-00380-00091616-00091791 religious and political order of the
931hLJN44LQ-00381-00091792-00091975 world which the christian teaching has
931hLJN44LQ-00382-00091976-00092103 produced
931hLJN44LQ-00383-00092104-00092311 and the substitution of a new state of
931hLJN44LQ-00384-00092312-00092567 things in accordance with their ideas
931hLJN44LQ-00385-00092568-00092782 of which the foundations and laws shall
931hLJN44LQ-00386-00092783-00092950 be drawn from mere
931hLJN44LQ-00387-00092951-00093271 naturalism
931hLJN44LQ-00388-00093272-00093582 what we have said and are about to say
931hLJN44LQ-00389-00093583-00093759 must be understood of the sect of the
931hLJN44LQ-00390-00093760-00094087 freemasons taken generally and insofar
931hLJN44LQ-00391-00094088-00094374 as it comprises the associations kindred
931hLJN44LQ-00392-00094375-00094671 to it and confederated with it
931hLJN44LQ-00393-00094672-00094847 but not of the individual members of
931hLJN44LQ-00394-00094848-00095047 them
931hLJN44LQ-00395-00095048-00095271 there may be persons amongst these and
931hLJN44LQ-00396-00095272-00095567 not a few who although not free from the
931hLJN44LQ-00397-00095568-00095767 guilt of having entangled themselves on
931hLJN44LQ-00398-00095768-00095926 such associations
931hLJN44LQ-00399-00095927-00096118 yet are neither themselves partners in
931hLJN44LQ-00400-00096119-00096367 their criminal acts nor aware of the
931hLJN44LQ-00401-00096368-00096550 ultimate object which they are
931hLJN44LQ-00402-00096551-00096847 endeavoring to attain
931hLJN44LQ-00403-00096848-00097015 in the same way
931hLJN44LQ-00404-00097016-00097359 some of the affiliated societies perhaps
931hLJN44LQ-00405-00097360-00097574 by no means approve of the extreme
931hLJN44LQ-00406-00097575-00097782 conclusions which they would if
931hLJN44LQ-00407-00097783-00098055 consistent embrace as necessarily
931hLJN44LQ-00408-00098056-00098326 following from their common principles
931hLJN44LQ-00409-00098327-00098559 did not their very foulness strike them
931hLJN44LQ-00410-00098560-00098782 with horror
931hLJN44LQ-00411-00098783-00098982 some of these again are led by
931hLJN44LQ-00412-00098983-00099238 circumstances of times and places either
931hLJN44LQ-00413-00099239-00099447 to aim at smaller things than the others
931hLJN44LQ-00414-00099448-00099718 usually attempt or then they themselves
931hLJN44LQ-00415-00099719-00099982 would wish to attempt
931hLJN44LQ-00416-00099983-00100223 they are not however for this reason to
931hLJN44LQ-00417-00100224-00100455 be reckoned as alien to the masonic
931hLJN44LQ-00418-00100456-00100647 federation
931hLJN44LQ-00419-00100648-00100831 for the masonic federation is to be
931hLJN44LQ-00420-00100832-00101071 judged not so much by the things which
931hLJN44LQ-00421-00101072-00101350 it has done or brought to completion as
931hLJN44LQ-00422-00101351-00101799 by the sum of its pronounced opinions
931hLJN44LQ-00423-00101800-00102015 now the fundamental doctrine of the
931hLJN44LQ-00424-00102016-00102247 naturalists which they sufficiently make
931hLJN44LQ-00425-00102248-00102486 known by their very name is that human
931hLJN44LQ-00426-00102488-00102686 nature and human reason ought in all
931hLJN44LQ-00427-00102688-00103015 things to be mistress and guide
931hLJN44LQ-00428-00103016-00103247 laying this down they care little for
931hLJN44LQ-00429-00103248-00103494 duties to god or pervert them by
931hLJN44LQ-00430-00103495-00103775 erroneous and vague opinions
931hLJN44LQ-00431-00103776-00103951 for they deny that anything has been
931hLJN44LQ-00432-00103952-00104127 taught by god
931hLJN44LQ-00433-00104128-00104375 they allow no dogma of religion or truth
931hLJN44LQ-00434-00104376-00104566 which cannot be understood by the human
931hLJN44LQ-00435-00104567-00104823 intelligence nor any teacher who ought
931hLJN44LQ-00436-00104824-00105083 to be believed by reason of his
931hLJN44LQ-00437-00105083-00105358 authority and since it is the special
931hLJN44LQ-00438-00105359-00105543 and exclusive duty of the catholic
931hLJN44LQ-00439-00105544-00105790 church fully to set forth in words of
931hLJN44LQ-00440-00105791-00106023 truth divinely received
931hLJN44LQ-00441-00106024-00106127 to teach
931hLJN44LQ-00442-00106128-00106390 besides other divine helps to salvation
931hLJN44LQ-00443-00106391-00106599 the authority of its office and to
931hLJN44LQ-00444-00106600-00106902 defend the same with perfect purity
931hLJN44LQ-00445-00106903-00107134 it is against the church that the rage
931hLJN44LQ-00446-00107135-00107286 and attack of the enemies are
931hLJN44LQ-00447-00107288-00107599 principally directed
931hLJN44LQ-00448-00107600-00107839 in those matters which regard religion
931hLJN44LQ-00449-00107840-00108031 let it be seen how the sect of the
931hLJN44LQ-00450-00108032-00108319 freemasons acts especially where it is
931hLJN44LQ-00451-00108320-00108558 more free to act without restraint and
931hLJN44LQ-00452-00108559-00108878 then let anyone judge whether in fact it
931hLJN44LQ-00453-00108879-00109127 does not wish to carry out the policy of
931hLJN44LQ-00454-00109128-00109423 the naturalists
931hLJN44LQ-00455-00109424-00109686 by a long and persevering labor
931hLJN44LQ-00456-00109688-00109895 they endeavor to bring about this result
931hLJN44LQ-00457-00109896-00110039 namely
931hLJN44LQ-00458-00110040-00110223 that the office and authority of the
931hLJN44LQ-00459-00110224-00110447 church may become of no account in the
931hLJN44LQ-00460-00110448-00110615 civil state
931hLJN44LQ-00461-00110616-00110815 and for this same reason they declare to
931hLJN44LQ-00462-00110816-00111063 the people and contend that church and
931hLJN44LQ-00463-00111064-00111495 state ought to be altogether disunited
931hLJN44LQ-00464-00111496-00111710 by this means they reject from the laws
931hLJN44LQ-00465-00111711-00111934 and from the commonwealth the wholesome
931hLJN44LQ-00466-00111935-00112215 influence of the catholic religion and
931hLJN44LQ-00467-00112216-00112439 they consequently imagine that states
931hLJN44LQ-00468-00112440-00112639 ought to be constituted without any
931hLJN44LQ-00469-00112640-00112839 regard for the laws and precepts of the
931hLJN44LQ-00470-00112840-00113110 church
931hLJN44LQ-00471-00113111-00113327 nor do they think it enough to disregard
931hLJN44LQ-00472-00113328-00113623 the church the best of guides unless
931hLJN44LQ-00473-00113624-00113958 they also injure it by their hostility
931hLJN44LQ-00474-00113959-00114071 indeed
931hLJN44LQ-00475-00114072-00114278 with them it is lawful to attack with
931hLJN44LQ-00476-00114279-00114510 impunity the very foundations of the
931hLJN44LQ-00477-00114511-00114678 catholic religion
931hLJN44LQ-00478-00114679-00115086 in speech in writing and in teaching
931hLJN44LQ-00479-00115088-00115239 and even the rights of the church are
931hLJN44LQ-00480-00115240-00115478 not spared and the offices with which it
931hLJN44LQ-00481-00115479-00115919 is divinely invested are not safe
931hLJN44LQ-00482-00115920-00116102 the least possible liberty to manage
931hLJN44LQ-00483-00116103-00116302 affairs is left to the church
931hLJN44LQ-00484-00116303-00116502 and this is done by laws not apparently
931hLJN44LQ-00485-00116503-00116815 very hostile but in reality framed and
931hLJN44LQ-00486-00116816-00117166 fitted to hinder freedom of action
931hLJN44LQ-00487-00117167-00117302 moreover
931hLJN44LQ-00488-00117303-00117551 we see exceptional and onerous laws
931hLJN44LQ-00489-00117552-00117790 imposed upon the clergy to the end that
931hLJN44LQ-00490-00117791-00117975 they may be continually diminished in
931hLJN44LQ-00491-00117976-00118319 number and in necessary means
931hLJN44LQ-00492-00118320-00118471 we see also the remnants of the
931hLJN44LQ-00493-00118472-00118654 possessions of the church fettered by
931hLJN44LQ-00494-00118655-00118895 the strictest conditions and subjected
931hLJN44LQ-00495-00118896-00119127 to the power and arbitrary will of the
931hLJN44LQ-00496-00119128-00119295 administrators of the state and the
931hLJN44LQ-00497-00119296-00119831 religious orders rooted up and scattered
931hLJN44LQ-00498-00119832-00120031 but against the apostolic sea and the
931hLJN44LQ-00499-00120032-00120175 roman pontiff
931hLJN44LQ-00500-00120176-00120390 the contention of these enemies has been
931hLJN44LQ-00501-00120391-00120686 for a long time directed
931hLJN44LQ-00502-00120688-00120927 the pontiff was first for specious
931hLJN44LQ-00503-00120928-00121183 reasons thrust out from the bulwark of
931hLJN44LQ-00504-00121183-00121414 his liberty and of his right the civil
931hLJN44LQ-00505-00121415-00121607 princeton
931hLJN44LQ-00506-00121608-00121814 soon he was unjustly driven into a
931hLJN44LQ-00507-00121815-00122063 condition which was unbearable because
931hLJN44LQ-00508-00122064-00122407 of the difficulties raised on all sides
931hLJN44LQ-00509-00122408-00122599 and now the time has come when the
931hLJN44LQ-00510-00122600-00122895 partisans of the sects openly declare
931hLJN44LQ-00511-00122896-00123078 what in secret among themselves they
931hLJN44LQ-00512-00123079-00123295 have for a long time plotted that the
931hLJN44LQ-00513-00123296-00123519 sacred power of the pontiffs must be
931hLJN44LQ-00514-00123520-00123734 abolished and that the pontificate
931hLJN44LQ-00515-00123735-00123839 itself
931hLJN44LQ-00516-00123840-00124119 founded by divine right must be utterly
931hLJN44LQ-00517-00124120-00124366 destroyed
931hLJN44LQ-00518-00124367-00124654 if other proofs were wanting this fact
931hLJN44LQ-00519-00124655-00124839 would be sufficiently disclosed by the
931hLJN44LQ-00520-00124840-00125095 testimony of men well-informed
931hLJN44LQ-00521-00125096-00125319 of whom some at other times
931hLJN44LQ-00522-00125320-00125519 and others again recently
931hLJN44LQ-00523-00125520-00125734 have declared it to be true of the
931hLJN44LQ-00524-00125735-00125958 freemasons that they especially desire
931hLJN44LQ-00525-00125959-00126239 to assail the church with irreconcilable
931hLJN44LQ-00526-00126240-00126383 hostility
931hLJN44LQ-00527-00126383-00126558 and that they will never rest until they
931hLJN44LQ-00528-00126559-00126758 have destroyed whatever the supreme
931hLJN44LQ-00529-00126759-00126983 pontiffs have established for the sake
931hLJN44LQ-00530-00126983-00127254 of religion
931hLJN44LQ-00531-00127255-00127510 if those who are admitted as members are
931hLJN44LQ-00532-00127511-00127775 not commanded to absure by any form of
931hLJN44LQ-00533-00127776-00128023 words the catholic doctrines
931hLJN44LQ-00534-00128024-00128278 this omission so far from being adverse
931hLJN44LQ-00535-00128279-00128502 to the designs of the freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00536-00128503-00128790 is more useful for their purposes
931hLJN44LQ-00537-00128791-00129047 first in this way they easily deceive
931hLJN44LQ-00538-00129048-00129302 the simple-minded and the heedless
931hLJN44LQ-00539-00129303-00129534 and can induce a far greater number to
931hLJN44LQ-00540-00129535-00129743 become members
931hLJN44LQ-00541-00129744-00129983 again as all who offer themselves are
931hLJN44LQ-00542-00129983-00130183 received whatever may be their form of
931hLJN44LQ-00543-00130183-00130319 religion
931hLJN44LQ-00544-00130320-00130527 they thereby teach the great error of
931hLJN44LQ-00545-00130528-00130663 this age
931hLJN44LQ-00546-00130664-00130863 that a regard for religion should be
931hLJN44LQ-00547-00130864-00131143 held as an indifferent matter
931hLJN44LQ-00548-00131144-00131487 and that all religions are alike
931hLJN44LQ-00549-00131488-00131678 this manner of reasoning is calculated
931hLJN44LQ-00550-00131679-00131911 to bring about the ruin of all forms of
931hLJN44LQ-00551-00131912-00132014 religion
931hLJN44LQ-00552-00132015-00132287 and especially of the catholic religion
931hLJN44LQ-00553-00132288-00132366 which
931hLJN44LQ-00554-00132367-00132647 as it is the only one that is true
931hLJN44LQ-00555-00132648-00132990 cannot without great injustice be
931hLJN44LQ-00556-00132991-00133223 regarded as merely equal to other
931hLJN44LQ-00557-00133224-00133487 religions
931hLJN44LQ-00558-00133488-00133831 but the naturalists go much further
931hLJN44LQ-00559-00133832-00134111 for having in the highest things
931hLJN44LQ-00560-00134112-00134423 entered upon a holy erroneous course
931hLJN44LQ-00561-00134424-00134702 they are carried headlong to extremes
931hLJN44LQ-00562-00134703-00134878 either by reason of the weakness of
931hLJN44LQ-00563-00134879-00135007 human nature
931hLJN44LQ-00564-00135008-00135207 or because god inflicts upon them the
931hLJN44LQ-00565-00135208-00135502 just punishment of their pride
931hLJN44LQ-00566-00135503-00135711 hence it happens that they no longer
931hLJN44LQ-00567-00135712-00135959 consider as certain and permanent those
931hLJN44LQ-00568-00135960-00136183 things which are fully understood by the
931hLJN44LQ-00569-00136184-00136366 natural light of reason
931hLJN44LQ-00570-00136367-00136566 such as certainly are
931hLJN44LQ-00571-00136567-00136766 the existence of god
931hLJN44LQ-00572-00136767-00137047 the immaterial nature of the human soul
931hLJN44LQ-00573-00137048-00137407 and its immortality
931hLJN44LQ-00574-00137408-00137639 the sect of the freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00575-00137640-00137878 by a similar course of error
931hLJN44LQ-00576-00137879-00138151 is exposed to these same dangers
931hLJN44LQ-00577-00138152-00138343 for although in a general way they may
931hLJN44LQ-00578-00138344-00138599 profess the existence of god
931hLJN44LQ-00579-00138600-00138823 they themselves are witnesses that they
931hLJN44LQ-00580-00138824-00139063 do not all maintain this truth with the
931hLJN44LQ-00581-00139064-00139278 full ascent of the mind or with a firm
931hLJN44LQ-00582-00139279-00139502 conviction
931hLJN44LQ-00583-00139503-00139663 neither do they conceal that this
931hLJN44LQ-00584-00139664-00139887 question about god is the greatest
931hLJN44LQ-00585-00139888-00140207 source and cause of discords among them
931hLJN44LQ-00586-00140208-00140366 in fact it is certain that a
931hLJN44LQ-00587-00140367-00140559 considerable contention about this same
931hLJN44LQ-00588-00140560-00140759 subject has existed among them very
931hLJN44LQ-00589-00140760-00140959 lately
931hLJN44LQ-00590-00140960-00141239 but indeed the sect allows great liberty
931hLJN44LQ-00591-00141240-00141527 to its voters so that to each side is
931hLJN44LQ-00592-00141528-00141687 given the right to defend its own
931hLJN44LQ-00593-00141688-00141790 opinion
931hLJN44LQ-00594-00141791-00142054 either that there is a god or that there
931hLJN44LQ-00595-00142055-00142199 is none
931hLJN44LQ-00596-00142200-00142454 and those who obstinately contend that
931hLJN44LQ-00597-00142455-00142735 there is no god are as easily initiated
931hLJN44LQ-00598-00142736-00143023 as those who contend that god exists
931hLJN44LQ-00599-00143024-00143263 though like the pantheists they have
931hLJN44LQ-00600-00143264-00143526 false notions concerning him
931hLJN44LQ-00601-00143527-00143726 all which is nothing else than taking
931hLJN44LQ-00602-00143727-00143878 away the reality
931hLJN44LQ-00603-00143879-00144095 while retaining some absurd
931hLJN44LQ-00604-00144096-00144502 representation of the divine nature
931hLJN44LQ-00605-00144503-00144702 when this greatest fundamental truth has
931hLJN44LQ-00606-00144703-00144990 been overturned or weakened it follows
931hLJN44LQ-00607-00144991-00145190 that those truths also which are known
931hLJN44LQ-00608-00145191-00145423 by the teaching of nature must begin to
931hLJN44LQ-00609-00145424-00145535 fall
931hLJN44LQ-00610-00145536-00145807 namely that all things were made by the
931hLJN44LQ-00611-00145808-00146095 free will of god the creator
931hLJN44LQ-00612-00146096-00146454 that the world is governed by providence
931hLJN44LQ-00613-00146455-00146766 that souls do not die
931hLJN44LQ-00614-00146767-00147014 that to this life of men upon the earth
931hLJN44LQ-00615-00147015-00147223 there will succeed another and an
931hLJN44LQ-00616-00147224-00147551 everlasting life
931hLJN44LQ-00617-00147552-00147799 when these truths are done away with
931hLJN44LQ-00618-00147800-00148031 which are as the principles of nature
931hLJN44LQ-00619-00148032-00148199 and important for knowledge and for
931hLJN44LQ-00620-00148200-00148359 practical use
931hLJN44LQ-00621-00148360-00148583 it is easy to see what will become of
931hLJN44LQ-00622-00148584-00148926 both public and private morality
931hLJN44LQ-00623-00148927-00149102 we say nothing of those more heavenly
931hLJN44LQ-00624-00149103-00149319 virtues which no one can exercise or
931hLJN44LQ-00625-00149320-00149559 even acquire without a special gift and
931hLJN44LQ-00626-00149560-00149766 grace of god
931hLJN44LQ-00627-00149767-00149951 of which necessarily no trace can be
931hLJN44LQ-00628-00149952-00150247 found in those who reject as unknown the
931hLJN44LQ-00629-00150248-00150447 redemption of mankind
931hLJN44LQ-00630-00150448-00150623 the grace of god
931hLJN44LQ-00631-00150624-00150759 the sacraments
931hLJN44LQ-00632-00150760-00150943 and the happiness to be obtained in
931hLJN44LQ-00633-00150944-00151190 heaven
931hLJN44LQ-00634-00151191-00151423 we speak now of the duties which have
931hLJN44LQ-00635-00151424-00151743 their origin in natural probity
931hLJN44LQ-00636-00151744-00151975 that god is the creator of the world and
931hLJN44LQ-00637-00151976-00152207 its provident ruler
931hLJN44LQ-00638-00152208-00152375 that the eternal law commands the
931hLJN44LQ-00639-00152376-00152590 natural order to be maintained and
931hLJN44LQ-00640-00152591-00152878 forbids that it be disturbed
931hLJN44LQ-00641-00152879-00153111 that the last end of men is a destiny
931hLJN44LQ-00642-00153112-00153366 far above human things and beyond this
931hLJN44LQ-00643-00153367-00153639 sojourning upon the earth
931hLJN44LQ-00644-00153640-00153839 these are the sources and these the
931hLJN44LQ-00645-00153840-00154343 principles of all justice and morality
931hLJN44LQ-00646-00154344-00154559 if these be taken away as the
931hLJN44LQ-00647-00154560-00154878 naturalists and freemasons desire
931hLJN44LQ-00648-00154879-00155111 there will immediately be no knowledge
931hLJN44LQ-00649-00155112-00155359 as to what constitutes justice and
931hLJN44LQ-00650-00155360-00155599 injustice or upon what principle
931hLJN44LQ-00651-00155600-00155871 morality is founded
931hLJN44LQ-00652-00155872-00156014 and in truth
931hLJN44LQ-00653-00156015-00156199 the teaching of morality which alone
931hLJN44LQ-00654-00156200-00156423 finds favor with the sect of freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00655-00156424-00156639 and in which they contend that youth
931hLJN44LQ-00656-00156640-00156814 should be instructed
931hLJN44LQ-00657-00156815-00157047 is that which they call civil
931hLJN44LQ-00658-00157048-00157119 and
931hLJN44LQ-00659-00157120-00157247 independent
931hLJN44LQ-00660-00157248-00157447 and free
931hLJN44LQ-00661-00157448-00157726 namely that which does not contain any
931hLJN44LQ-00662-00157727-00158063 religious belief
931hLJN44LQ-00663-00158064-00158399 but how insufficient such teaching is
931hLJN44LQ-00664-00158400-00158614 how wanting in soundness
931hLJN44LQ-00665-00158615-00158839 how easily moved by every impulse of
931hLJN44LQ-00666-00158840-00158966 passion
931hLJN44LQ-00667-00158967-00159311 is sufficiently proved by its sad fruits
931hLJN44LQ-00668-00159312-00159647 which have already begun to appear
931hLJN44LQ-00669-00159648-00159878 for wherever by removing christian
931hLJN44LQ-00670-00159879-00160111 education the sect has begun more
931hLJN44LQ-00671-00160112-00160271 completely to rule
931hLJN44LQ-00672-00160272-00160519 their goodness and integrity of morals
931hLJN44LQ-00673-00160520-00160790 have begun quickly to perish
931hLJN44LQ-00674-00160791-00160983 monstrous and shameful opinions have
931hLJN44LQ-00675-00160984-00161095 grown up
931hLJN44LQ-00676-00161096-00161399 and the audacity of evil deeds has risen
931hLJN44LQ-00677-00161400-00161695 to a high degree
931hLJN44LQ-00678-00161696-00161895 all this is commonly complained of and
931hLJN44LQ-00679-00161896-00162039 deplored
931hLJN44LQ-00680-00162040-00162247 and not a few of those who by no means
931hLJN44LQ-00681-00162248-00162551 wish to do so are compelled by abundant
931hLJN44LQ-00682-00162552-00162775 evidence to give not infrequently the
931hLJN44LQ-00683-00162776-00163023 same testimony
931hLJN44LQ-00684-00163024-00163143 moreover
931hLJN44LQ-00685-00163144-00163366 since human nature was stained by
931hLJN44LQ-00686-00163367-00163543 original sin
931hLJN44LQ-00687-00163544-00163790 and is therefore more disposed to vice
931hLJN44LQ-00688-00163791-00163959 than to virtue
931hLJN44LQ-00689-00163960-00164175 for a virtuous life it is absolutely
931hLJN44LQ-00690-00164176-00164414 necessary to restrain the disorderly
931hLJN44LQ-00691-00164415-00164575 movements of the soul
931hLJN44LQ-00692-00164576-00164814 and to make the passions obedient to
931hLJN44LQ-00693-00164815-00165054 reason
931hLJN44LQ-00694-00165055-00165335 in this conflict human things must very
931hLJN44LQ-00695-00165336-00165583 often be despised and the greatest
931hLJN44LQ-00696-00165584-00165831 labors and hardships must be undergone
931hLJN44LQ-00697-00165832-00166047 in order that reason may always hold its
931hLJN44LQ-00698-00166048-00166263 way
931hLJN44LQ-00699-00166264-00166559 but the naturalists and freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00700-00166560-00166775 having no faith in those things which we
931hLJN44LQ-00701-00166776-00167031 have learned by the revelation of god
931hLJN44LQ-00702-00167032-00167311 deny that our first parents sinned
931hLJN44LQ-00703-00167312-00167566 and consequently think that free will is
931hLJN44LQ-00704-00167567-00168014 not at all weakened and inclined to evil
931hLJN44LQ-00705-00168015-00168159 on the contrary
931hLJN44LQ-00706-00168160-00168366 exaggerating rather our natural virtue
931hLJN44LQ-00707-00168367-00168495 and excellence
931hLJN44LQ-00708-00168496-00168719 and placing therein alone the principle
931hLJN44LQ-00709-00168720-00168935 and rule of justice
931hLJN44LQ-00710-00168936-00169126 they could not even imagine that there
931hLJN44LQ-00711-00169127-00169335 is any need at all of a constant
931hLJN44LQ-00712-00169336-00169647 struggle and a perfect steadfastness
931hLJN44LQ-00713-00169648-00169871 to overcome the violence and rule the
931hLJN44LQ-00714-00169872-00170143 passions of our nature
931hLJN44LQ-00715-00170144-00170359 wherefore we see that men are publicly
931hLJN44LQ-00716-00170360-00170559 tempted by the many allurements of
931hLJN44LQ-00717-00170560-00170702 pleasure
931hLJN44LQ-00718-00170703-00170911 that there are journals and pamphlets
931hLJN44LQ-00719-00170912-00171214 with neither moderation or shame
931hLJN44LQ-00720-00171215-00171414 that stage plays are remarkable for
931hLJN44LQ-00721-00171415-00171575 license
931hLJN44LQ-00722-00171576-00171766 that designs for works of art are
931hLJN44LQ-00723-00171767-00171943 shamelessly sought in the laws of a
931hLJN44LQ-00724-00171944-00172207 so-called realism
931hLJN44LQ-00725-00172208-00172431 that the contrivances for a soft and
931hLJN44LQ-00726-00172432-00172766 delicate life are most carefully devised
931hLJN44LQ-00727-00172767-00172943 and that all the blandishments of
931hLJN44LQ-00728-00172944-00173159 pleasure are diligently sought out by
931hLJN44LQ-00729-00173160-00173559 which virtue may be lulled to sleep
931hLJN44LQ-00730-00173560-00173847 wickedly also but at the same time quite
931hLJN44LQ-00731-00173848-00174007 consistently
931hLJN44LQ-00732-00174008-00174231 do those act who do away with the
931hLJN44LQ-00733-00174232-00174511 expectation of the joys of heaven
931hLJN44LQ-00734-00174512-00174695 and bring down all happiness to the
931hLJN44LQ-00735-00174696-00174871 level of mortality
931hLJN44LQ-00736-00174872-00175014 and as it were
931hLJN44LQ-00737-00175015-00175351 sink it in the earth
931hLJN44LQ-00738-00175352-00175647 of what we have said the following fact
931hLJN44LQ-00739-00175648-00175911 astonishing not so much in itself as in
931hLJN44LQ-00740-00175912-00176095 its open expression
931hLJN44LQ-00741-00176096-00176399 may serve as a confirmation
931hLJN44LQ-00742-00176400-00176614 for since generally no one is accustomed
931hLJN44LQ-00743-00176615-00176831 to obey crafty and clever men so
931hLJN44LQ-00744-00176832-00177063 submissively as those whose soul is
931hLJN44LQ-00745-00177064-00177223 weakened and broken down by the
931hLJN44LQ-00746-00177224-00177407 domination of the passions
931hLJN44LQ-00747-00177408-00177543 there have been in the sect of the
931hLJN44LQ-00748-00177544-00177751 freemasons some who have plainly
931hLJN44LQ-00749-00177752-00178071 determined and proposed that artfully
931hLJN44LQ-00750-00178072-00178247 and of set purpose
931hLJN44LQ-00751-00178248-00178471 the multitude should be satiated with a
931hLJN44LQ-00752-00178472-00178719 boundless licence of ice as when this
931hLJN44LQ-00753-00178720-00178935 had been done it would easily come under
931hLJN44LQ-00754-00178936-00179159 their power and authority for any acts
931hLJN44LQ-00755-00179160-00179431 of daring
931hLJN44LQ-00756-00179432-00179623 what refers to domestic life in the
931hLJN44LQ-00757-00179624-00179863 teaching of the naturalists is almost
931hLJN44LQ-00758-00179864-00180007 all contained in the following
931hLJN44LQ-00759-00180008-00180199 declarations
931hLJN44LQ-00760-00180200-00180414 that marriage belongs to the genus of
931hLJN44LQ-00761-00180415-00180631 commercial contracts which can rightly
931hLJN44LQ-00762-00180632-00180814 be revoked by the will of those who made
931hLJN44LQ-00763-00180815-00181007 them and that the rulers of the state
931hLJN44LQ-00764-00181008-00181414 have power over the matrimonial bond
931hLJN44LQ-00765-00181415-00181663 that in the education of youth nothing
931hLJN44LQ-00766-00181664-00181814 is to be taught in the matter of
931hLJN44LQ-00767-00181815-00182083 religion as of certain and fixed
931hLJN44LQ-00768-00182084-00182335 opinion and each one must be left at
931hLJN44LQ-00769-00182336-00182614 liberty to follow when he comes of age
931hLJN44LQ-00770-00182615-00182935 whatever he may prefer
931hLJN44LQ-00771-00182936-00183143 to these things the freemasons fully
931hLJN44LQ-00772-00183144-00183278 ascent
931hLJN44LQ-00773-00183279-00183511 and not only ascend but have long
931hLJN44LQ-00774-00183512-00183735 endeavored to make them into a law and
931hLJN44LQ-00775-00183736-00183990 institution
931hLJN44LQ-00776-00183991-00184223 for in many countries and those
931hLJN44LQ-00777-00184224-00184390 nominally catholic
931hLJN44LQ-00778-00184391-00184623 it is enacted that no marriages shall be
931hLJN44LQ-00779-00184624-00184799 considered lawful except those
931hLJN44LQ-00780-00184800-00185119 contracted by the civil right
931hLJN44LQ-00781-00185120-00185414 in other places the law permits divorce
931hLJN44LQ-00782-00185415-00185687 and in others every effort is used to
931hLJN44LQ-00783-00185688-00186087 make it lawful as soon as may be
931hLJN44LQ-00784-00186088-00186295 thus the time is quickly coming when
931hLJN44LQ-00785-00186296-00186487 marriages will be turned into another
931hLJN44LQ-00786-00186488-00186654 kind of contract
931hLJN44LQ-00787-00186655-00186750 that is
931hLJN44LQ-00788-00186751-00187031 interchangeable and uncertain unions
931hLJN44LQ-00789-00187032-00187254 which fancy may join together
931hLJN44LQ-00790-00187255-00187463 in which the same when changed may
931hLJN44LQ-00791-00187464-00187726 disunite
931hLJN44LQ-00792-00187727-00188023 with the greatest unanimity the sect of
931hLJN44LQ-00793-00188024-00188263 the freemasons also endeavors to take to
931hLJN44LQ-00794-00188264-00188535 itself the education of youth
931hLJN44LQ-00795-00188536-00188750 they think that they can easily mold to
931hLJN44LQ-00796-00188751-00189071 their opinions that soft and pliant age
931hLJN44LQ-00797-00189072-00189335 and bend it whether they will
931hLJN44LQ-00798-00189336-00189543 and that nothing can be more fitted than
931hLJN44LQ-00799-00189544-00189759 this to enable them to bring up the
931hLJN44LQ-00800-00189760-00190087 youth of the state after their own plan
931hLJN44LQ-00801-00190088-00190199 therefore
931hLJN44LQ-00802-00190200-00190423 in the education and instruction of
931hLJN44LQ-00803-00190424-00190519 children
931hLJN44LQ-00804-00190520-00190799 they allow no share either of teaching
931hLJN44LQ-00805-00190800-00191047 or of discipline to the ministers of the
931hLJN44LQ-00806-00191048-00191175 church
931hLJN44LQ-00807-00191176-00191407 and in many places they have procured
931hLJN44LQ-00808-00191408-00191583 that the education of youth shall be
931hLJN44LQ-00809-00191584-00191799 exclusively in the hands of laymen and
931hLJN44LQ-00810-00191800-00191983 that nothing which treats of the most
931hLJN44LQ-00811-00191984-00192207 important and most holy duties of men to
931hLJN44LQ-00812-00192208-00192383 god shall be introduced into the
931hLJN44LQ-00813-00192384-00192695 instructions on morals
931hLJN44LQ-00814-00192696-00192990 then come their doctrines of politics
931hLJN44LQ-00815-00192991-00193238 in which the naturalists laid down that
931hLJN44LQ-00816-00193239-00193495 all men have the same right and are in
931hLJN44LQ-00817-00193496-00193702 every respect of equal and like
931hLJN44LQ-00818-00193703-00193895 condition
931hLJN44LQ-00819-00193896-00194199 that each one is naturally free
931hLJN44LQ-00820-00194200-00194390 that no one has the right to command
931hLJN44LQ-00821-00194391-00194526 another
931hLJN44LQ-00822-00194527-00194750 that it is an act of violence to require
931hLJN44LQ-00823-00194751-00194975 men to obey any authority other than
931hLJN44LQ-00824-00194976-00195366 that which is obtained from themselves
931hLJN44LQ-00825-00195367-00195583 according to this therefore
931hLJN44LQ-00826-00195584-00195887 all things belong to the free people
931hLJN44LQ-00827-00195888-00196087 power is held by the command or
931hLJN44LQ-00828-00196088-00196278 permission of the people so that when
931hLJN44LQ-00829-00196279-00196478 the popular will changes
931hLJN44LQ-00830-00196479-00196735 rulers may lawfully be deposed
931hLJN44LQ-00831-00196736-00196902 and the source of all rights and civil
931hLJN44LQ-00832-00196903-00197159 duties is either in the multitude or in
931hLJN44LQ-00833-00197160-00197326 the governing authority when this is
931hLJN44LQ-00834-00197327-00197575 constituted according to the latest
931hLJN44LQ-00835-00197576-00197838 doctrines
931hLJN44LQ-00836-00197839-00198047 it is held also that the state should be
931hLJN44LQ-00837-00198048-00198207 without god
931hLJN44LQ-00838-00198208-00198431 that in the various forms of religion
931hLJN44LQ-00839-00198432-00198631 there is no reason why one should have
931hLJN44LQ-00840-00198632-00198854 precedence of another
931hLJN44LQ-00841-00198855-00199063 and that they are all to occupy the same
931hLJN44LQ-00842-00199064-00199302 place
931hLJN44LQ-00843-00199303-00199487 that these doctrines are equally
931hLJN44LQ-00844-00199488-00199711 acceptable to the freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-00845-00199712-00199902 and that they would wish to constitute
931hLJN44LQ-00846-00199903-00200111 states according to this example and
931hLJN44LQ-00847-00200112-00200566 model is too well known to require proof
931hLJN44LQ-00848-00200567-00200790 for some time past they have openly
931hLJN44LQ-00849-00200791-00200975 endeavored to bring this about with all
931hLJN44LQ-00850-00200976-00201175 their strength and resources
931hLJN44LQ-00851-00201176-00201390 and in this they prepare the way for not
931hLJN44LQ-00852-00201391-00201663 a few bolder men who are hurrying on
931hLJN44LQ-00853-00201664-00201878 even to worst things in their endeavor
931hLJN44LQ-00854-00201879-00202095 to obtain equality and community of all
931hLJN44LQ-00855-00202096-00202302 goods by the destruction of every
931hLJN44LQ-00856-00202303-00202654 distinction of rank and property
931hLJN44LQ-00857-00202655-00202799 what therefore the sect of the
931hLJN44LQ-00858-00202800-00202966 freemasons is
931hLJN44LQ-00859-00202967-00203254 and what course it pursues appears
931hLJN44LQ-00860-00203255-00203447 sufficiently from the summary we have
931hLJN44LQ-00861-00203448-00203671 briefly given
931hLJN44LQ-00862-00203672-00203878 their chief dogmas are so greatly and
931hLJN44LQ-00863-00203879-00204126 manifestly at variance with reason that
931hLJN44LQ-00864-00204127-00204438 nothing can be more perverse
931hLJN44LQ-00865-00204439-00204647 to wish to destroy the religion and the
931hLJN44LQ-00866-00204648-00204975 church which god himself has established
931hLJN44LQ-00867-00204976-00205231 and whose perpetuity he ensures by his
931hLJN44LQ-00868-00205232-00205366 protection
931hLJN44LQ-00869-00205367-00205598 and to bring back after a lapse of 18
931hLJN44LQ-00870-00205600-00205790 centuries the manners and customs of the
931hLJN44LQ-00871-00205791-00205903 pagans
931hLJN44LQ-00872-00205904-00206414 is signal folly and audacious impiety
931hLJN44LQ-00873-00206415-00206646 nor is it less horrible nor more
931hLJN44LQ-00874-00206648-00206766 tolerable
931hLJN44LQ-00875-00206767-00206975 that they should repudiate the benefits
931hLJN44LQ-00876-00206976-00207175 which jesus christ has mercifully
931hLJN44LQ-00877-00207176-00207303 obtained
931hLJN44LQ-00878-00207304-00207542 not only for individuals but also for
931hLJN44LQ-00879-00207544-00207814 the family and for civil society
931hLJN44LQ-00880-00207815-00208023 benefits which even according to the
931hLJN44LQ-00881-00208023-00208231 judgment and testimony of enemies of
931hLJN44LQ-00882-00208232-00208646 christianity are very great
931hLJN44LQ-00883-00208648-00209006 in this insane and wicked endeavor
931hLJN44LQ-00884-00209007-00209262 we may also see the implacable hatred
931hLJN44LQ-00885-00209263-00209534 and spirit of revenge with which satan
931hLJN44LQ-00886-00209535-00209958 himself is inflamed against jesus christ
931hLJN44LQ-00887-00209959-00210206 so also the studious endeavor of the
931hLJN44LQ-00888-00210207-00210455 freemasons to destroy the chief
931hLJN44LQ-00889-00210456-00210727 foundations of justice and honesty and
931hLJN44LQ-00890-00210728-00210982 to cooperate with those who would wish
931hLJN44LQ-00891-00210983-00211231 as if they were mere animals to do what
931hLJN44LQ-00892-00211232-00211367 they please
931hLJN44LQ-00893-00211367-00211591 tends only to the ignominious and
931hLJN44LQ-00894-00211592-00212063 disgraceful ruin of the human race
931hLJN44LQ-00895-00212064-00212215 the evil too
931hLJN44LQ-00896-00212216-00212406 is increased by the dangers which
931hLJN44LQ-00897-00212407-00212879 threaten both domestic and civil society
931hLJN44LQ-00898-00212880-00213087 as we have elsewhere shown
931hLJN44LQ-00899-00213088-00213206 in marriage
931hLJN44LQ-00900-00213207-00213415 according to the belief of almost every
931hLJN44LQ-00901-00213416-00213527 nation
931hLJN44LQ-00902-00213528-00213846 there is something sacred and religious
931hLJN44LQ-00903-00213848-00214079 and the law of god has determined that
931hLJN44LQ-00904-00214080-00214282 marriages shall not be
931hLJN44LQ-00905-00214283-00214439 dissolved
931hLJN44LQ-00906-00214440-00214631 if they are deprived of their sacred
931hLJN44LQ-00907-00214632-00214975 character and made dissoluble
931hLJN44LQ-00908-00214976-00215175 trouble and confusion in the family will
931hLJN44LQ-00909-00215176-00215351 be the result
931hLJN44LQ-00910-00215352-00215631 the wife being deprived of her dignity
931hLJN44LQ-00911-00215632-00215855 and the children left without protection
931hLJN44LQ-00912-00215856-00216279 as to their interests and well-being
931hLJN44LQ-00913-00216280-00216479 to have in public matters no care for
931hLJN44LQ-00914-00216480-00216582 religion
931hLJN44LQ-00915-00216583-00216767 and in the arrangement and
931hLJN44LQ-00916-00216767-00216998 administration of civil affairs to have
931hLJN44LQ-00917-00217000-00217215 no more regard for god than if he did
931hLJN44LQ-00918-00217216-00217367 not exist
931hLJN44LQ-00919-00217367-00217751 is a rashness unknown to the very pagans
931hLJN44LQ-00920-00217752-00217982 for in their heart and soul the notion
931hLJN44LQ-00921-00217983-00218223 of a divinity and the need of public
931hLJN44LQ-00922-00218223-00218471 religion were so firmly fixed that they
931hLJN44LQ-00923-00218471-00218639 would have thought it easier to have a
931hLJN44LQ-00924-00218640-00218831 city without foundation
931hLJN44LQ-00925-00218832-00219239 than a city without god
931hLJN44LQ-00926-00219240-00219455 human society indeed
931hLJN44LQ-00927-00219456-00219694 for which by nature we are formed
931hLJN44LQ-00928-00219696-00219934 has been constituted by god the author
931hLJN44LQ-00929-00219935-00220071 of nature
931hLJN44LQ-00930-00220071-00220327 and from him as from their principle and
931hLJN44LQ-00931-00220328-00220423 source
931hLJN44LQ-00932-00220423-00220606 flow in all their strength and
931hLJN44LQ-00933-00220607-00220846 permanence the countless benefits with
931hLJN44LQ-00934-00220848-00221167 which society abounds
931hLJN44LQ-00935-00221167-00221382 as we are each of us admonished by the
931hLJN44LQ-00936-00221383-00221551 very voice of nature
931hLJN44LQ-00937-00221552-00221894 to worship god in piety and holiness
931hLJN44LQ-00938-00221896-00222175 as the giver unto us of life and of all
931hLJN44LQ-00939-00222176-00222342 that is good therein
931hLJN44LQ-00940-00222344-00222598 so also and for the same reason
931hLJN44LQ-00941-00222600-00222823 nations and states are bound to worship
931hLJN44LQ-00942-00222823-00222919 him
931hLJN44LQ-00943-00222919-00223191 and therefore it is clear that those who
931hLJN44LQ-00944-00223192-00223439 would absolve society from all religious
931hLJN44LQ-00945-00223440-00223855 duty act not only unjustly but also with
931hLJN44LQ-00946-00223856-00224082 ignorance and
931hLJN44LQ-00947-00224083-00224446 folly as men are by the will of god born
931hLJN44LQ-00948-00224448-00224663 for civil union and society
931hLJN44LQ-00949-00224664-00224919 and as the power to rule is so necessary
931hLJN44LQ-00950-00224919-00225167 a bond of society that if it be taken
931hLJN44LQ-00951-00225167-00225255 away
931hLJN44LQ-00952-00225256-00225551 society must at once be broken up
931hLJN44LQ-00953-00225552-00225751 it follows that from him who is the
931hLJN44LQ-00954-00225752-00225998 author of society has come also the
931hLJN44LQ-00955-00226000-00226215 authority to rule
931hLJN44LQ-00956-00226216-00226431 so that whosoever rules
931hLJN44LQ-00957-00226432-00226767 he is the minister of god
931hLJN44LQ-00958-00226767-00226903 wherefore
931hLJN44LQ-00959-00226904-00227142 as the end and nature of human society
931hLJN44LQ-00960-00227144-00227303 so requires
931hLJN44LQ-00961-00227304-00227567 it is right to obey the just commands of
931hLJN44LQ-00962-00227567-00227751 lawful authority
931hLJN44LQ-00963-00227752-00228046 as it is right to obey god who ruleth
931hLJN44LQ-00964-00228048-00228255 all things
931hLJN44LQ-00965-00228256-00228471 and it is most untrue that the people
931hLJN44LQ-00966-00228471-00228710 have it in their power to cast aside
931hLJN44LQ-00967-00228711-00229134 their obedience whensoever they please
931hLJN44LQ-00968-00229135-00229415 in like manner no one doubts that all
931hLJN44LQ-00969-00229416-00229646 men are equal one to another
931hLJN44LQ-00970-00229648-00229855 so far as regards their common origin
931hLJN44LQ-00971-00229856-00229967 and nature
931hLJN44LQ-00972-00229967-00230206 or the last end which each one has to
931hLJN44LQ-00973-00230207-00230327 attain
931hLJN44LQ-00974-00230328-00230479 or the rights and duties which are
931hLJN44LQ-00975-00230480-00230719 thence derived
931hLJN44LQ-00976-00230719-00230951 but as the abilities of all are not
931hLJN44LQ-00977-00230952-00231246 equal as one differs from another in the
931hLJN44LQ-00978-00231248-00231463 powers of mind or body
931hLJN44LQ-00979-00231464-00231667 and as there are very many
931hLJN44LQ-00980-00231667-00231927 dissimilarities of manner disposition
931hLJN44LQ-00981-00231928-00232206 and character it is most repugnant to
931hLJN44LQ-00982-00232207-00232463 reason to endeavor to confine all within
931hLJN44LQ-00983-00232464-00232742 the same measure and to extend complete
931hLJN44LQ-00984-00232744-00232991 equality to the institutions of civil
931hLJN44LQ-00985-00232992-00233206 life
931hLJN44LQ-00986-00233207-00233494 just as a perfect condition of the body
931hLJN44LQ-00987-00233496-00233687 results from the conjunction and
931hLJN44LQ-00988-00233688-00234071 composition of its various members which
931hLJN44LQ-00989-00234071-00234342 though differing in form and purpose
931hLJN44LQ-00990-00234344-00234598 make by their union and the distribution
931hLJN44LQ-00991-00234600-00234846 of each one to its proper place
931hLJN44LQ-00992-00234848-00235134 a combination beautiful to behold
931hLJN44LQ-00993-00235135-00235534 firm in strength and necessary for use
931hLJN44LQ-00994-00235535-00235767 so in the commonwealth there is an
931hLJN44LQ-00995-00235767-00236063 almost infinite dissimilarity of men as
931hLJN44LQ-00996-00236064-00236319 parts of the whole
931hLJN44LQ-00997-00236319-00236542 if they are to be all equal
931hLJN44LQ-00998-00236544-00236823 and each is to follow his own will the
931hLJN44LQ-00999-00236823-00237151 state will appear most deformed
931hLJN44LQ-01000-00237152-00237398 but if with a distinction of degrees of
931hLJN44LQ-01001-00237400-00237710 dignity of pursuits and employments
931hLJN44LQ-01002-00237711-00238006 all aptly conspire for the common good
931hLJN44LQ-01003-00238007-00238223 they will present a natural image of a
931hLJN44LQ-01004-00238223-00238591 well-constituted state
931hLJN44LQ-01005-00238592-00238694 now
931hLJN44LQ-01006-00238696-00238894 from the disturbing eras which we have
931hLJN44LQ-01007-00238896-00239039 described
931hLJN44LQ-01008-00239040-00239255 the greatest dangers to states are to be
931hLJN44LQ-01009-00239256-00239391 feared
931hLJN44LQ-01010-00239392-00239655 for the fear of god and reverence for
931hLJN44LQ-01011-00239656-00239903 divine laws being taken away
931hLJN44LQ-01012-00239904-00240191 the authority of rulers despised
931hLJN44LQ-01013-00240192-00240430 sedition permitted and approved
931hLJN44LQ-01014-00240431-00240663 and the popular passions urged on to
931hLJN44LQ-01015-00240664-00240806 lawlessness
931hLJN44LQ-01016-00240807-00240975 with no restraint save that of
931hLJN44LQ-01017-00240976-00241103 punishment
931hLJN44LQ-01018-00241104-00241342 a change and overthrow of all things
931hLJN44LQ-01019-00241344-00241542 will necessarily follow
931hLJN44LQ-01020-00241544-00241630 yay
931hLJN44LQ-01021-00241631-00241806 this change and overthrow is
931hLJN44LQ-01022-00241807-00242030 deliberately planned and put forward by
931hLJN44LQ-01023-00242031-00242279 many associations of communists and
931hLJN44LQ-01024-00242280-00242455 socialists
931hLJN44LQ-01025-00242456-00242694 and to their undertakings the sect of
931hLJN44LQ-01026-00242696-00242951 freemasons is not hostile but greatly
931hLJN44LQ-01027-00242952-00243127 favors their designs
931hLJN44LQ-01028-00243128-00243334 and holds in common with them their
931hLJN44LQ-01029-00243335-00243591 chief opinions
931hLJN44LQ-01030-00243592-00243839 and if these men do not at once and
931hLJN44LQ-01031-00243840-00244039 everywhere endeavor to carry out their
931hLJN44LQ-01032-00244040-00244206 extreme views
931hLJN44LQ-01033-00244207-00244406 it is not to be attributed to their
931hLJN44LQ-01034-00244407-00244606 teaching and their will
931hLJN44LQ-01035-00244607-00244798 but to the virtue of that divine
931hLJN44LQ-01036-00244800-00245087 religion which cannot be destroyed
931hLJN44LQ-01037-00245088-00245382 and also because the sounder part of men
931hLJN44LQ-01038-00245383-00245591 refusing to be enslaved to secret
931hLJN44LQ-01039-00245592-00245710 societies
931hLJN44LQ-01040-00245711-00246151 vigorously resist their insane attempts
931hLJN44LQ-01041-00246152-00246382 would that all men would judge of the
931hLJN44LQ-01042-00246383-00246694 tree by its fruits and would acknowledge
931hLJN44LQ-01043-00246696-00246934 the seed and origin of the evils which
931hLJN44LQ-01044-00246935-00247175 press upon us and of the dangers that
931hLJN44LQ-01045-00247176-00247375 are impending
931hLJN44LQ-01046-00247376-00247558 we have to deal with a deceitful and
931hLJN44LQ-01047-00247559-00247758 crafty enemy who
931hLJN44LQ-01048-00247759-00247998 gratifying the ears of people and of
931hLJN44LQ-01049-00248000-00248103 princes
931hLJN44LQ-01050-00248104-00248358 has ensnared them by smooth speeches and
931hLJN44LQ-01051-00248359-00248623 by adulation
931hLJN44LQ-01052-00248623-00248839 ingratiating themselves with rulers
931hLJN44LQ-01053-00248840-00249079 under a pretense of friendship
931hLJN44LQ-01054-00249080-00249271 the freemasons have endeavoured to make
931hLJN44LQ-01055-00249271-00249503 them their allies and powerful helpers
931hLJN44LQ-01056-00249504-00249663 for the destruction of the christian
931hLJN44LQ-01057-00249664-00249830 name
931hLJN44LQ-01058-00249831-00250030 and that they might more strongly urge
931hLJN44LQ-01059-00250031-00250134 them on
931hLJN44LQ-01060-00250135-00250446 they have with determined colomny
931hLJN44LQ-01061-00250448-00250671 accuse the church of invidiously
931hLJN44LQ-01062-00250671-00250846 contending with rulers and matters that
931hLJN44LQ-01063-00250848-00251015 affect their authority and sovereign
931hLJN44LQ-01064-00251016-00251142 power
931hLJN44LQ-01065-00251144-00251382 having by these artifices
931hLJN44LQ-01066-00251383-00251679 ensured their own safety and audacity
931hLJN44LQ-01067-00251680-00251894 they have begun to exercise great weight
931hLJN44LQ-01068-00251896-00252151 in the government of states
931hLJN44LQ-01069-00252152-00252391 but nevertheless they are prepared to
931hLJN44LQ-01070-00252392-00252694 shake the foundations of empires
931hLJN44LQ-01071-00252696-00252975 to harass the rulers of the state
931hLJN44LQ-01072-00252976-00253263 to accuse and to cast them out as often
931hLJN44LQ-01073-00253264-00253446 as they appear to govern otherwise than
931hLJN44LQ-01074-00253448-00253791 they themselves could have wished
931hLJN44LQ-01075-00253792-00254006 in like manner they have by flattery
931hLJN44LQ-01076-00254007-00254191 deluded the people
931hLJN44LQ-01077-00254192-00254430 proclaiming with a loud voice liberty
931hLJN44LQ-01078-00254431-00254615 and public prosperity
931hLJN44LQ-01079-00254616-00254823 and saying that it was owing to the
931hLJN44LQ-01080-00254823-00254975 church and to sovereigns that the
931hLJN44LQ-01081-00254976-00255175 multitude were not drawn out of their
931hLJN44LQ-01082-00255176-00255430 unjust servitude and poverty they have
931hLJN44LQ-01083-00255431-00255639 imposed upon the people
931hLJN44LQ-01084-00255640-00255727 and
931hLJN44LQ-01085-00255728-00256015 exciting them by a thirst for novelty
931hLJN44LQ-01086-00256016-00256255 they have urged them to assail both the
931hLJN44LQ-01087-00256256-00256527 church and the civil power
931hLJN44LQ-01088-00256528-00256767 nevertheless the expectation of the
931hLJN44LQ-01089-00256767-00256927 benefits which were hoped for was
931hLJN44LQ-01090-00256928-00257142 greater than the reality
931hLJN44LQ-01091-00257144-00257255 indeed
931hLJN44LQ-01092-00257256-00257398 the common people
931hLJN44LQ-01093-00257400-00257655 more oppressed than they were before
931hLJN44LQ-01094-00257656-00257855 are deprived in their misery of that
931hLJN44LQ-01095-00257856-00257975 solace which
931hLJN44LQ-01096-00257976-00258142 if things had been arranged in a
931hLJN44LQ-01097-00258144-00258287 christian manner
931hLJN44LQ-01098-00258288-00258527 they would have had with ease and in
931hLJN44LQ-01099-00258528-00258782 abundance
931hLJN44LQ-01100-00258783-00258991 but whoever strive against the order
931hLJN44LQ-01101-00258992-00259223 which divine providence has constituted
931hLJN44LQ-01102-00259223-00259471 pay usually the penalty of their pride
931hLJN44LQ-01103-00259471-00259703 and meet with affliction and misery
931hLJN44LQ-01104-00259704-00259894 where they rashly hoped to find all
931hLJN44LQ-01105-00259896-00260127 things prosperous and in conformity with
931hLJN44LQ-01106-00260128-00260375 their desires
931hLJN44LQ-01107-00260376-00260494 the church
931hLJN44LQ-01108-00260496-00260775 if she directs men to render obedience
931hLJN44LQ-01109-00260776-00260982 chiefly and above all to god the
931hLJN44LQ-01110-00260983-00261119 sovereign lord
931hLJN44LQ-01111-00261119-00261367 is wrongly and falsely believed either
931hLJN44LQ-01112-00261367-00261623 to be envious of the civil power or to
931hLJN44LQ-01113-00261623-00261855 arrogate to herself something of the
931hLJN44LQ-01114-00261856-00262087 rights of sovereigns
931hLJN44LQ-01115-00262088-00262358 on the contrary she teaches that what is
931hLJN44LQ-01116-00262359-00262591 rightly due to the civil power must be
931hLJN44LQ-01117-00262592-00262871 rendered to it with the conviction and
931hLJN44LQ-01118-00262872-00263134 consciousness of duty
931hLJN44LQ-01119-00263135-00263375 in teaching that from god himself comes
931hLJN44LQ-01120-00263376-00263534 the right of ruling
931hLJN44LQ-01121-00263535-00263734 she adds a great dignity to civil
931hLJN44LQ-01122-00263735-00263839 authority
931hLJN44LQ-01123-00263840-00264047 and no small help towards obtaining the
931hLJN44LQ-01124-00264048-00264439 obedience and good will of the citizens
931hLJN44LQ-01125-00264440-00264758 the friend of peace and sustainer of
931hLJN44LQ-01126-00264759-00265095 she embraces all with maternal love
931hLJN44LQ-01127-00265096-00265295 and intent only upon giving help to
931hLJN44LQ-01128-00265296-00265439 moral man
931hLJN44LQ-01129-00265440-00265695 she teaches that to justice must be
931hLJN44LQ-01130-00265696-00265855 joined clemency
931hLJN44LQ-01131-00265856-00266047 equity to authority
931hLJN44LQ-01132-00266048-00266367 and moderation to law giving
931hLJN44LQ-01133-00266368-00266647 that no one's right must be violated
931hLJN44LQ-01134-00266648-00266871 that order and public tranquility are to
931hLJN44LQ-01135-00266872-00267071 be maintained
931hLJN44LQ-01136-00267072-00267263 and that the poverty of those who are in
931hLJN44LQ-01137-00267264-00267543 need is as far as possible to be
931hLJN44LQ-01138-00267544-00267943 relieved by public and private charity
931hLJN44LQ-01139-00267944-00268182 but for this reason to use the words of
931hLJN44LQ-01140-00268183-00268319 saint augustine
931hLJN44LQ-01141-00268320-00268582 men think or would have it believed that
931hLJN44LQ-01142-00268583-00268791 christian teaching is not suited to the
931hLJN44LQ-01143-00268792-00268982 good of the state for they wished the
931hLJN44LQ-01144-00268983-00269279 state to be founded not on solid virtue
931hLJN44LQ-01145-00269280-00269671 but on the impunity of vice
931hLJN44LQ-01146-00269672-00269910 knowing these things both princes and
931hLJN44LQ-01147-00269911-00270182 people would act with political wisdom
931hLJN44LQ-01148-00270183-00270375 and according to the needs of general
931hLJN44LQ-01149-00270376-00270510 safety
931hLJN44LQ-01150-00270511-00270599 if
931hLJN44LQ-01151-00270600-00270823 instead of joining with freemasons to
931hLJN44LQ-01152-00270824-00270991 destroy the church
931hLJN44LQ-01153-00270992-00271199 they joined with the church in repelling
931hLJN44LQ-01154-00271200-00271455 their attacks
931hLJN44LQ-01155-00271456-00271655 whatever the future may be
931hLJN44LQ-01156-00271656-00271967 in this grave and widespread evil it is
931hLJN44LQ-01157-00271968-00272255 our duty venerable brethren to endeavor
931hLJN44LQ-01158-00272256-00272430 to find a remedy
931hLJN44LQ-01159-00272431-00272615 and because we know that our best and
931hLJN44LQ-01160-00272616-00272823 firmest hope of a remedy
931hLJN44LQ-01161-00272824-00273030 is in the power of that divine religion
931hLJN44LQ-01162-00273031-00273287 which the freemasons hate in proportion
931hLJN44LQ-01163-00273288-00273455 to their fear of it
931hLJN44LQ-01164-00273456-00273710 we think it to be of chief importance
931hLJN44LQ-01165-00273711-00273943 to call that most saving power to our
931hLJN44LQ-01166-00273944-00274279 aid against the common enemy
931hLJN44LQ-01167-00274280-00274391 therefore
931hLJN44LQ-01168-00274392-00274591 whatsoever the roman pontiffs our
931hLJN44LQ-01169-00274592-00274743 predecessors have decreed for the
931hLJN44LQ-01170-00274744-00274999 purpose of opposing the undertakings and
931hLJN44LQ-01171-00275000-00275247 endeavors of the masonic sect
931hLJN44LQ-01172-00275248-00275447 and whatsoever they have enacted to
931hLJN44LQ-01173-00275448-00275679 deter or withdraw men from societies of
931hLJN44LQ-01174-00275680-00275799 this kind
931hLJN44LQ-01175-00275800-00276079 we ratify and confirm it all by our
931hLJN44LQ-01176-00276080-00276327 apostolic authority
931hLJN44LQ-01177-00276328-00276551 entrusting greatly to the good will of
931hLJN44LQ-01178-00276552-00276679 christians
931hLJN44LQ-01179-00276680-00276958 we pray and beseech each one for the
931hLJN44LQ-01180-00276959-00277247 sake of his eternal salvation to be most
931hLJN44LQ-01181-00277248-00277439 conscientiously careful
931hLJN44LQ-01182-00277440-00277647 not in the least to depart from what the
931hLJN44LQ-01183-00277648-00277895 apostolic see has commanded in this
931hLJN44LQ-01184-00277896-00278134 matter
931hLJN44LQ-01185-00278135-00278327 we pray and beseech you venerable
931hLJN44LQ-01186-00278328-00278582 brethren to join your efforts with ours
931hLJN44LQ-01187-00278583-00278775 and earnestly to strive for the
931hLJN44LQ-01188-00278776-00279063 extirpation of this foul plague which is
931hLJN44LQ-01189-00279064-00279439 creeping through the veins of the state
931hLJN44LQ-01190-00279440-00279710 you have to defend the glory of god and
931hLJN44LQ-01191-00279711-00279943 the salvation of your neighbor
931hLJN44LQ-01192-00279944-00280127 and with this object of your strife
931hLJN44LQ-01193-00280128-00280263 before you
931hLJN44LQ-01194-00280264-00280471 neither courage nor strength will be
931hLJN44LQ-01195-00280472-00280687 wanting
931hLJN44LQ-01196-00280688-00280887 it will be for your prudence to judge by
931hLJN44LQ-01197-00280888-00281087 what means you can best overcome the
931hLJN44LQ-01198-00281088-00281351 difficulties and obstacles you meet with
931hLJN44LQ-01199-00281352-00281558 but as it befits the authority of our
931hLJN44LQ-01200-00281559-00281647 office
931hLJN44LQ-01201-00281648-00281863 that we ourselves should point out some
931hLJN44LQ-01202-00281864-00282167 suitable way of proceeding we wish it to
931hLJN44LQ-01203-00282168-00282415 be a rule first of all to tear away the
931hLJN44LQ-01204-00282416-00282623 mask from freemasonry
931hLJN44LQ-01205-00282624-00282882 and to let it be seen as it really
931hLJN44LQ-01206-00282883-00283215 is and by sermons and pastoral letters
931hLJN44LQ-01207-00283216-00283382 to instruct the people as to the
931hLJN44LQ-01208-00283383-00283655 artifices used by societies of this kind
931hLJN44LQ-01209-00283656-00283887 in seducing men and enticing them into
931hLJN44LQ-01210-00283888-00284015 their ranks
931hLJN44LQ-01211-00284016-00284175 and as to the depravity of their
931hLJN44LQ-01212-00284176-00284415 opinions and the wickedness of their
931hLJN44LQ-01213-00284416-00284671 acts
931hLJN44LQ-01214-00284672-00284879 as our predecessors have many times
931hLJN44LQ-01215-00284880-00284999 repeated
931hLJN44LQ-01216-00285000-00285215 let no man think that he may for any
931hLJN44LQ-01217-00285216-00285382 reason whatsoever
931hLJN44LQ-01218-00285383-00285606 join the masonic sect
931hLJN44LQ-01219-00285607-00285815 if he values his catholic name and his
931hLJN44LQ-01220-00285816-00286039 eternal salvation as he ought to value
931hLJN44LQ-01221-00286040-00286191 them
931hLJN44LQ-01222-00286192-00286463 let no one be deceived by a pretense of
931hLJN44LQ-01223-00286464-00286663 honesty
931hLJN44LQ-01224-00286664-00286927 it may seem to some that freemasons
931hLJN44LQ-01225-00286928-00287134 demand nothing that is openly contrary
931hLJN44LQ-01226-00287135-00287351 to religion and morality
931hLJN44LQ-01227-00287352-00287551 but as the principle and object of the
931hLJN44LQ-01228-00287552-00287758 sect lies in what is vicious and
931hLJN44LQ-01229-00287759-00288030 criminal to join with these men or in
931hLJN44LQ-01230-00288031-00288430 any way to help them cannot be lawful
931hLJN44LQ-01231-00288431-00288558 further
931hLJN44LQ-01232-00288559-00288854 by assiduous teaching and exhortation
931hLJN44LQ-01233-00288855-00289039 the multitude must be drawn to learn
931hLJN44LQ-01234-00289040-00289295 diligently the precepts of religion
931hLJN44LQ-01235-00289296-00289534 for which purpose we earnestly advise
931hLJN44LQ-01236-00289535-00289791 that by opportune writings and sermons
931hLJN44LQ-01237-00289792-00289975 they may be taught the elements of those
931hLJN44LQ-01238-00289976-00290119 sacred truths in which christian
931hLJN44LQ-01239-00290120-00290399 philosophy is contained
931hLJN44LQ-01240-00290400-00290591 the result of this will be that the
931hLJN44LQ-01241-00290592-00290823 minds of men will be made sound by
931hLJN44LQ-01242-00290824-00290934 instruction
931hLJN44LQ-01243-00290935-00291158 and will be protected against many forms
931hLJN44LQ-01244-00291159-00291463 of error and inducements to wickedness
931hLJN44LQ-01245-00291464-00291671 especially in the present unbounded
931hLJN44LQ-01246-00291672-00291895 freedom of writing and insatiable
931hLJN44LQ-01247-00291896-00292230 eagerness for learning
931hLJN44LQ-01248-00292231-00292479 great indeed is the work
931hLJN44LQ-01249-00292480-00292687 but in it the clergy will share your
931hLJN44LQ-01250-00292688-00292951 labor's if through your care they are
931hLJN44LQ-01251-00292952-00293134 fitted for it by learning and a
931hLJN44LQ-01252-00293135-00293406 well-trained life
931hLJN44LQ-01253-00293407-00293647 this good and great work requires to be
931hLJN44LQ-01254-00293648-00293839 helped also by the industry of those
931hLJN44LQ-01255-00293840-00294079 amongst the laity in whom a love of
931hLJN44LQ-01256-00294080-00294295 religion and of country is joined to
931hLJN44LQ-01257-00294296-00294654 learning and goodness of life
931hLJN44LQ-01258-00294655-00294887 by uniting the efforts of both clergy
931hLJN44LQ-01259-00294888-00295015 and laity
931hLJN44LQ-01260-00295016-00295223 strive venerable brethren
931hLJN44LQ-01261-00295224-00295463 to make men thoroughly know and love the
931hLJN44LQ-01262-00295464-00295623 church
931hLJN44LQ-01263-00295624-00295775 for the greater their knowledge and love
931hLJN44LQ-01264-00295776-00295895 of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01265-00295896-00296087 the more will they be turned away from
931hLJN44LQ-01266-00296088-00296382 clandestine societies
931hLJN44LQ-01267-00296383-00296503 wherefore
931hLJN44LQ-01268-00296504-00296703 not without cause do we use this
931hLJN44LQ-01269-00296704-00296903 occasion to state again what we have
931hLJN44LQ-01270-00296904-00297063 stated elsewhere
931hLJN44LQ-01271-00297064-00297303 namely that the third order of saint
931hLJN44LQ-01272-00297304-00297567 francis whose discipline we a little
931hLJN44LQ-01273-00297568-00297830 while ago prudently mitigated
931hLJN44LQ-01274-00297831-00298006 should be studiously promoted and
931hLJN44LQ-01275-00298007-00298175 sustained
931hLJN44LQ-01276-00298176-00298406 for the whole object of this order as
931hLJN44LQ-01277-00298407-00298623 constituted by its founder
931hLJN44LQ-01278-00298624-00298839 is to invite men to an imitation of
931hLJN44LQ-01279-00298840-00298982 jesus christ
931hLJN44LQ-01280-00298983-00299167 to a love of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01281-00299168-00299334 and to the observance of all christian
931hLJN44LQ-01282-00299335-00299534 virtues
931hLJN44LQ-01283-00299535-00299743 and therefore it ought to be of great
931hLJN44LQ-01284-00299744-00299999 influence in suppressing the contagion
931hLJN44LQ-01285-00300000-00300295 of wicked societies
931hLJN44LQ-01286-00300296-00300551 let therefore this holy sedality be
931hLJN44LQ-01287-00300552-00300871 strengthened by a daily increase
931hLJN44LQ-01288-00300872-00301095 amongst the many benefits to be expected
931hLJN44LQ-01289-00301096-00301310 from it will be the great benefit of
931hLJN44LQ-01290-00301311-00301534 drawing the minds of men to liberty
931hLJN44LQ-01291-00301535-00301927 fraternity and equality of right
931hLJN44LQ-01292-00301928-00302182 not such as the freemasons absurdly
931hLJN44LQ-01293-00302183-00302303 imagine
931hLJN44LQ-01294-00302304-00302567 but such as jesus christ obtained for
931hLJN44LQ-01295-00302568-00302695 the human race
931hLJN44LQ-01296-00302696-00303006 and saint francis aspired to
931hLJN44LQ-01297-00303007-00303223 the liberty we mean
931hLJN44LQ-01298-00303224-00303406 of sons of god
931hLJN44LQ-01299-00303407-00303582 through which we may be free from
931hLJN44LQ-01300-00303583-00303879 slavery to satan or to our passions
931hLJN44LQ-01301-00303880-00304310 both of them most wicked masters
931hLJN44LQ-01302-00304311-00304615 the fraternity whose origin is in god
931hLJN44LQ-01303-00304616-00304910 the common creator and father of all
931hLJN44LQ-01304-00304911-00305079 the equality which
931hLJN44LQ-01305-00305080-00305334 founded on justice and charity does not
931hLJN44LQ-01306-00305335-00305623 take away all distinctions among men but
931hLJN44LQ-01307-00305624-00305895 out of the varieties of life of duties
931hLJN44LQ-01308-00305896-00306063 and of pursuits
931hLJN44LQ-01309-00306064-00306310 forms that union and that harmony
931hLJN44LQ-01310-00306311-00306543 which naturally tend to the benefit and
931hLJN44LQ-01311-00306544-00306854 dignity of the state
931hLJN44LQ-01312-00306855-00306999 in the third place
931hLJN44LQ-01313-00307000-00307254 there is a matter wisely instituted by
931hLJN44LQ-01314-00307255-00307495 our forefathers but in course of time
931hLJN44LQ-01315-00307496-00307743 laid aside which may now be used as a
931hLJN44LQ-01316-00307744-00308063 pattern and form of something similar
931hLJN44LQ-01317-00308064-00308319 we mean the associations or guilds of
931hLJN44LQ-01318-00308320-00308575 workmen for the protection under the
931hLJN44LQ-01319-00308576-00308727 guidance of religion
931hLJN44LQ-01320-00308728-00308934 both of their temporal interests and of
931hLJN44LQ-01321-00308935-00309167 their morality
931hLJN44LQ-01322-00309168-00309423 if our ancestors by long use and
931hLJN44LQ-01323-00309424-00309654 experience felt the benefit of these
931hLJN44LQ-01324-00309655-00309775 guilds
931hLJN44LQ-01325-00309776-00310006 our age perhaps will feel it the more by
931hLJN44LQ-01326-00310007-00310175 reason of the opportunity which they
931hLJN44LQ-01327-00310176-00310367 will give of crushing the power of the
931hLJN44LQ-01328-00310368-00310599 sects
931hLJN44LQ-01329-00310600-00310758 those who support themselves by the
931hLJN44LQ-01330-00310759-00310910 labor of their hands
931hLJN44LQ-01331-00310911-00311206 besides being by their very condition
931hLJN44LQ-01332-00311207-00311447 most worthy above all others of charity
931hLJN44LQ-01333-00311448-00311623 and consolation
931hLJN44LQ-01334-00311624-00311830 are also especially exposed to the
931hLJN44LQ-01335-00311831-00312071 allurements of men whose ways lie in
931hLJN44LQ-01336-00312072-00312351 fraud and deceit
931hLJN44LQ-01337-00312352-00312447 therefore
931hLJN44LQ-01338-00312448-00312663 they are to be helped with the greatest
931hLJN44LQ-01339-00312664-00312823 possible kindness
931hLJN44LQ-01340-00312824-00313030 and to be invited to join associations
931hLJN44LQ-01341-00313031-00313158 that are good
931hLJN44LQ-01342-00313159-00313367 lest they be drawn away to others that
931hLJN44LQ-01343-00313368-00313582 are evil
931hLJN44LQ-01344-00313583-00313847 for this reason we greatly wish for the
931hLJN44LQ-01345-00313848-00314079 salvation of the people that
931hLJN44LQ-01346-00314080-00314310 under the auspices and patronage of the
931hLJN44LQ-01347-00314311-00314415 bishops
931hLJN44LQ-01348-00314416-00314671 and at convenient times these guilds may
931hLJN44LQ-01349-00314672-00314975 be generally restored
931hLJN44LQ-01350-00314976-00315230 to our great delight sodalities of this
931hLJN44LQ-01351-00315231-00315534 kind and also associations of masters
931hLJN44LQ-01352-00315535-00315695 have in many places already been
931hLJN44LQ-01353-00315696-00315815 established
931hLJN44LQ-01354-00315816-00316006 having each class of them for their
931hLJN44LQ-01355-00316007-00316254 object to help the honest workmen
931hLJN44LQ-01356-00316255-00316463 to protect and guard his children and
931hLJN44LQ-01357-00316464-00316758 family and to promote in them piety
931hLJN44LQ-01358-00316759-00317167 christian knowledge and a moral life
931hLJN44LQ-01359-00317168-00317351 and in this matter we cannot omit
931hLJN44LQ-01360-00317352-00317647 mentioning that exemplary society named
931hLJN44LQ-01361-00317648-00317887 after its founder saint vincent which
931hLJN44LQ-01362-00317888-00318079 has deserved so well of the people of
931hLJN44LQ-01363-00318080-00318239 the lower order
931hLJN44LQ-01364-00318240-00318558 its acts and its aims are well known
931hLJN44LQ-01365-00318559-00318751 its whole object is to give relief to
931hLJN44LQ-01366-00318752-00318943 the poor and miserable
931hLJN44LQ-01367-00318944-00319151 this it does with singular prudence and
931hLJN44LQ-01368-00319152-00319287 modesty
931hLJN44LQ-01369-00319288-00319510 and the less it wishes to be seen the
931hLJN44LQ-01370-00319511-00319703 better it is fitted for the exercise of
931hLJN44LQ-01371-00319704-00319910 christian charity and for the relief of
931hLJN44LQ-01372-00319911-00320191 suffering
931hLJN44LQ-01373-00320192-00320382 in the fourth place
931hLJN44LQ-01374-00320383-00320582 in order more easily to attain what we
931hLJN44LQ-01375-00320583-00320663 wish
931hLJN44LQ-01376-00320664-00320847 to your fidelity and watchfulness we
931hLJN44LQ-01377-00320848-00321103 commend in a special manner the young as
931hLJN44LQ-01378-00321104-00321454 being the hope of human society
931hLJN44LQ-01379-00321455-00321639 devote the greatest part of your care to
931hLJN44LQ-01380-00321640-00321854 their instruction and do not think that
931hLJN44LQ-01381-00321855-00322039 any precaution can be great enough in
931hLJN44LQ-01382-00322040-00322254 keeping them from masters in schools
931hLJN44LQ-01383-00322255-00322495 once the pestilent breath of the sects
931hLJN44LQ-01384-00322496-00322710 is to be feared
931hLJN44LQ-01385-00322711-00322943 under your guidance let parents
931hLJN44LQ-01386-00322944-00323167 religious instructors and priests having
931hLJN44LQ-01387-00323168-00323471 the cure of souls use every opportunity
931hLJN44LQ-01388-00323472-00323687 in their christian teaching of warning
931hLJN44LQ-01389-00323688-00323895 their children and pupils of the
931hLJN44LQ-01390-00323896-00324127 infamous nature of these societies so
931hLJN44LQ-01391-00324128-00324295 that they may learn in good time to
931hLJN44LQ-01392-00324296-00324510 beware of the various and fraudulent
931hLJN44LQ-01393-00324511-00324767 artifices by which their promoters are
931hLJN44LQ-01394-00324768-00325158 accustomed to ensnare people
931hLJN44LQ-01395-00325159-00325319 and those who instruct the young in
931hLJN44LQ-01396-00325320-00325543 religious knowledge will act wisely if
931hLJN44LQ-01397-00325544-00325734 they induce all of them to resolve and
931hLJN44LQ-01398-00325735-00325975 to undertake never to bind themselves to
931hLJN44LQ-01399-00325976-00326134 any society without the knowledge of
931hLJN44LQ-01400-00326135-00326327 their parents or the advice of their
931hLJN44LQ-01401-00326328-00326703 parish priest or director
931hLJN44LQ-01402-00326704-00326934 we well know however that our united
931hLJN44LQ-01403-00326935-00327191 laborers will by no means suffice to
931hLJN44LQ-01404-00327192-00327391 pluck up these pernicious seeds from the
931hLJN44LQ-01405-00327392-00327527 lord's field
931hLJN44LQ-01406-00327528-00327687 unless the heavenly master of the
931hLJN44LQ-01407-00327688-00327910 vineyard shall mercifully help us in our
931hLJN44LQ-01408-00327911-00328110 endeavors
931hLJN44LQ-01409-00328111-00328375 we must therefore with great and anxious
931hLJN44LQ-01410-00328376-00328487 care
931hLJN44LQ-01411-00328488-00328678 implore of him the help which the
931hLJN44LQ-01412-00328679-00328863 greatness of the danger and of the need
931hLJN44LQ-01413-00328864-00329047 requires
931hLJN44LQ-01414-00329048-00329319 the sect of the freemasons shows itself
931hLJN44LQ-01415-00329320-00329582 insolent and proud of its success
931hLJN44LQ-01416-00329583-00329823 and seems as if it would put no bounds
931hLJN44LQ-01417-00329824-00330063 to its per tenacity
931hLJN44LQ-01418-00330064-00330206 its followers
931hLJN44LQ-01419-00330207-00330478 joined together by a wicked compact and
931hLJN44LQ-01420-00330479-00330671 by secret councils
931hLJN44LQ-01421-00330672-00330871 give help one to another
931hLJN44LQ-01422-00330872-00331078 and excite one another to an audacity
931hLJN44LQ-01423-00331079-00331334 for evil things
931hLJN44LQ-01424-00331335-00331606 so vehement an attack demands an equal
931hLJN44LQ-01425-00331607-00331799 defense namely
931hLJN44LQ-01426-00331800-00332030 that all good men should form the widest
931hLJN44LQ-01427-00332031-00332247 possible association of action and of
931hLJN44LQ-01428-00332248-00332471 prayer
931hLJN44LQ-01429-00332472-00332654 we beseech them therefore
931hLJN44LQ-01430-00332655-00332839 with united hearts
931hLJN44LQ-01431-00332840-00333078 to stand together and unmoved against
931hLJN44LQ-01432-00333079-00333327 the advancing force of the sects
931hLJN44LQ-01433-00333328-00333534 and in mourning and supplication to
931hLJN44LQ-01434-00333535-00333775 stretch out their hands to god
931hLJN44LQ-01435-00333776-00333934 praying that the christian name may
931hLJN44LQ-01436-00333935-00334119 flourish and prosper
931hLJN44LQ-01437-00334120-00334327 that the church may enjoy its needed
931hLJN44LQ-01438-00334328-00334471 liberty
931hLJN44LQ-01439-00334472-00334647 that those who have gone astray may
931hLJN44LQ-01440-00334648-00334878 return to a right mind
931hLJN44LQ-01441-00334879-00335127 that error at length may give place to
931hLJN44LQ-01442-00335128-00335230 truth
931hLJN44LQ-01443-00335231-00335575 and vice to virtue
931hLJN44LQ-01444-00335576-00335767 let us take as our helper and
931hLJN44LQ-01445-00335768-00336030 intercessor the virgin mary
931hLJN44LQ-01446-00336031-00336158 mother of god
931hLJN44LQ-01447-00336159-00336382 so that she who from the moment of her
931hLJN44LQ-01448-00336383-00336671 conception overcame satan may show her
931hLJN44LQ-01449-00336672-00336910 power over these evil sects in which is
931hLJN44LQ-01450-00336911-00337151 revived the consummatious spirit of the
931hLJN44LQ-01451-00337152-00337382 demon together with his unsubdued
931hLJN44LQ-01452-00337383-00337623 perfidy and deceit
931hLJN44LQ-01453-00337624-00337806 let us beseech michael the prince of the
931hLJN44LQ-01454-00337807-00338023 heavenly angels who drove out the
931hLJN44LQ-01455-00338024-00338175 infernal foe
931hLJN44LQ-01456-00338176-00338382 and joseph the spouse of the most holy
931hLJN44LQ-01457-00338383-00338582 virgin and heavenly patron of the
931hLJN44LQ-01458-00338583-00338839 catholic church
931hLJN44LQ-01459-00338840-00339095 and the great apostles peter and paul
931hLJN44LQ-01460-00339096-00339319 the fathers and victorious champions of
931hLJN44LQ-01461-00339320-00339582 the christian faith
931hLJN44LQ-01462-00339583-00339847 by their patronage and by perseverance
931hLJN44LQ-01463-00339848-00339999 in united prayer
931hLJN44LQ-01464-00340000-00340230 we hope that god will mercifully and
931hLJN44LQ-01465-00340231-00340454 opportunely sucker the human race
931hLJN44LQ-01466-00340455-00340878 which is encompassed by so many dangers
931hLJN44LQ-01467-00340879-00341119 as a pledge of heavenly gifts and of our
931hLJN44LQ-01468-00341120-00341367 benevolence we lovingly grant in the
931hLJN44LQ-01469-00341368-00341639 lord to you venerable brethren and to
931hLJN44LQ-01470-00341640-00341863 the clergy and all the people committed
931hLJN44LQ-01471-00341864-00342047 to your watchful care
931hLJN44LQ-01472-00342048-00342503 our apostolic benediction
931hLJN44LQ-01473-00342504-00342854 end of encyclical letter umanum genus on
931hLJN44LQ-01474-00342855-00342991 freemasonry
931hLJN44LQ-01475-00342992-00343487 april 20th 1884 by pope leo the 13th
931hLJN44LQ-01476-00343488-00344847 read by michael shane craig lambert lc
931hLJN44LQ-01477-00344848-00345023 encyclical letter
931hLJN44LQ-01478-00345024-00345310 nobelissima galorum jens
931hLJN44LQ-01479-00345311-00345567 on the religious question in france by
931hLJN44LQ-01480-00345568-00345895 pope leo xiii
931hLJN44LQ-01481-00345896-00346151 this is the librivox recording all
931hLJN44LQ-01482-00346152-00346351 librivox recordings are in the public
931hLJN44LQ-01483-00346352-00346447 domain
931hLJN44LQ-01484-00346448-00346703 for more information or to volunteer
931hLJN44LQ-01485-00346704-00347127 please visit librivox.org
931hLJN44LQ-01486-00347128-00347287 encyclical letter
931hLJN44LQ-01487-00347288-00347639 of our most holy lord leo xiii
931hLJN44LQ-01488-00347640-00347854 by divine providence pope
931hLJN44LQ-01489-00347855-00348110 to the bishops of france
931hLJN44LQ-01490-00348111-00348271 venerable brethren
931hLJN44LQ-01491-00348272-00348734 health and the apostolic benediction
931hLJN44LQ-01492-00348735-00349030 the most noble nation of the french
931hLJN44LQ-01493-00349031-00349303 besides many splendid achievements in
931hLJN44LQ-01494-00349304-00349478 peace and war
931hLJN44LQ-01495-00349479-00349710 has deserved from the catholic church
931hLJN44LQ-01496-00349711-00349982 praise for special services
931hLJN44LQ-01497-00349983-00350247 gratitude for which will never die
931hLJN44LQ-01498-00350248-00350454 and the glory of which will never grow
931hLJN44LQ-01499-00350455-00350695 old
931hLJN44LQ-01500-00350696-00350919 having embraced christianity at the
931hLJN44LQ-01501-00350920-00351191 initiative of its king clovis
931hLJN44LQ-01502-00351192-00351454 it was rewarded by this most honorable
931hLJN44LQ-01503-00351455-00351751 testimony to its faith and piety
931hLJN44LQ-01504-00351752-00351999 the title of eldest daughter of the
931hLJN44LQ-01505-00352000-00352175 church
931hLJN44LQ-01506-00352176-00352478 from that time venerable brethren
931hLJN44LQ-01507-00352479-00352678 often have your ancestors been the
931hLJN44LQ-01508-00352679-00352927 helpers of providence itself in the
931hLJN44LQ-01509-00352928-00353278 performance of great and salutary works
931hLJN44LQ-01510-00353279-00353463 and especially has their valor been
931hLJN44LQ-01511-00353464-00353743 illustrated in defending catholicism
931hLJN44LQ-01512-00353744-00353919 throughout the world
931hLJN44LQ-01513-00353920-00354127 in propagating the christian faith among
931hLJN44LQ-01514-00354128-00354327 barbarous nations
931hLJN44LQ-01515-00354328-00354534 in delivering and protecting the more
931hLJN44LQ-01516-00354535-00354791 sacred places in palestine
931hLJN44LQ-01517-00354792-00355063 so that it is not without cause
931hLJN44LQ-01518-00355064-00355278 that the ancient phrase
931hLJN44LQ-01519-00355279-00355519 just a day per francos
931hLJN44LQ-01520-00355520-00355823 has become proverbial
931hLJN44LQ-01521-00355824-00356119 and thus it has been their happy lot
931hLJN44LQ-01522-00356120-00356271 through faithful devotion to the
931hLJN44LQ-01523-00356272-00356430 catholic cause
931hLJN44LQ-01524-00356431-00356606 to become as it were
931hLJN44LQ-01525-00356607-00356815 associated with the glories of the
931hLJN44LQ-01526-00356816-00356919 church
931hLJN44LQ-01527-00356920-00357167 and to found many public and private
931hLJN44LQ-01528-00357168-00357447 institutions marked by a singular
931hLJN44LQ-01529-00357448-00357734 strength of religious faith charity and
931hLJN44LQ-01530-00357735-00357975 greatness of soul
931hLJN44LQ-01531-00357976-00358182 and these virtues of your fathers the
931hLJN44LQ-01532-00358183-00358503 roman pontiffs are predecessors
931hLJN44LQ-01533-00358504-00358806 have been accustomed greatly to command
931hLJN44LQ-01534-00358807-00359095 and with the favor due to desert have
931hLJN44LQ-01535-00359096-00359334 more than once heaped praises upon the
931hLJN44LQ-01536-00359335-00359575 french nation
931hLJN44LQ-01537-00359576-00359806 great indeed are the commendations which
931hLJN44LQ-01538-00359807-00360087 innocent iii and gregory ix
931hLJN44LQ-01539-00360088-00360351 those great lights of the church awarded
931hLJN44LQ-01540-00360352-00360591 to your ancestors
931hLJN44LQ-01541-00360592-00360791 the former in his letter to the
931hLJN44LQ-01542-00360792-00361023 archbishop of rheems saying
931hLJN44LQ-01543-00361024-00361206 we love the kingdom of france with a
931hLJN44LQ-01544-00361207-00361487 kind of special and preeminent love
931hLJN44LQ-01545-00361488-00361767 inasmuch as it has always been obedient
931hLJN44LQ-01546-00361768-00362071 and devoted to us and the apostolic see
931hLJN44LQ-01547-00362072-00362278 before all the other kingdoms of the
931hLJN44LQ-01548-00362279-00362527 world
931hLJN44LQ-01549-00362528-00362743 and the second in a letter to saint
931hLJN44LQ-01550-00362744-00362895 louis ix
931hLJN44LQ-01551-00362896-00363223 declaring that in the kingdom of france
931hLJN44LQ-01552-00363224-00363423 which could never be torn away from its
931hLJN44LQ-01553-00363424-00363682 devotion to god and the church
931hLJN44LQ-01554-00363683-00363895 ecclesiastical liberty has never
931hLJN44LQ-01555-00363896-00363999 perished
931hLJN44LQ-01556-00364000-00364254 and christian faith has never at any
931hLJN44LQ-01557-00364255-00364510 time lost its proper vigor and that for
931hLJN44LQ-01558-00364511-00364710 the preservation of these blessings the
931hLJN44LQ-01559-00364711-00364951 kings and subjects of the said kingdom
931hLJN44LQ-01560-00364952-00365199 have not hesitated for a moment to shed
931hLJN44LQ-01561-00365200-00365430 their blood and expose themselves to
931hLJN44LQ-01562-00365431-00365703 many dangers
931hLJN44LQ-01563-00365704-00365823 and god
931hLJN44LQ-01564-00365824-00366054 who is the father of nature
931hLJN44LQ-01565-00366055-00366334 from whom states receive on earth the
931hLJN44LQ-01566-00366335-00366639 reward of their virtues and good deeds
931hLJN44LQ-01567-00366640-00366999 has conferred much prosperity on france
931hLJN44LQ-01568-00367000-00367151 fame in war
931hLJN44LQ-01569-00367152-00367358 the arts of peace
931hLJN44LQ-01570-00367359-00367799 national glory and imperial power
931hLJN44LQ-01571-00367800-00368063 and if france forgetful as it were of
931hLJN44LQ-01572-00368064-00368175 herself
931hLJN44LQ-01573-00368176-00368423 and neglecting the office conferred on
931hLJN44LQ-01574-00368424-00368663 her by god has sometimes chosen to
931hLJN44LQ-01575-00368664-00368910 assume a hostile attitude towards the
931hLJN44LQ-01576-00368911-00369023 church
931hLJN44LQ-01577-00369024-00369278 yet by a special mercy of god she has
931hLJN44LQ-01578-00369279-00369591 not for long or as a whole nation
931hLJN44LQ-01579-00369592-00370015 remained in these evil dispositions
931hLJN44LQ-01580-00370016-00370175 and would that she had escaped
931hLJN44LQ-01581-00370176-00370399 altogether unhurt from those disastrous
931hLJN44LQ-01582-00370400-00370582 to religion and the state
931hLJN44LQ-01583-00370583-00370895 which times not far distant from our own
931hLJN44LQ-01584-00370896-00371127 have brought forth
931hLJN44LQ-01585-00371128-00371303 but when the human mind
931hLJN44LQ-01586-00371304-00371543 filled with the poison of new opinions
931hLJN44LQ-01587-00371544-00371663 had begun
931hLJN44LQ-01588-00371664-00371975 in the pride of an untempered liberty
931hLJN44LQ-01589-00371976-00372254 to reject the authority of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01590-00372255-00372519 its downward course has been rapid and
931hLJN44LQ-01591-00372520-00372791 precipitate
931hLJN44LQ-01592-00372792-00372999 for when the moral poison of false
931hLJN44LQ-01593-00373000-00373239 doctrines had penetrated manners and
931hLJN44LQ-01594-00373240-00373454 customs themselves
931hLJN44LQ-01595-00373455-00373710 society to a great extent
931hLJN44LQ-01596-00373711-00374054 came to fall away from christianity
931hLJN44LQ-01597-00374055-00374287 and in france the provocation of this
931hLJN44LQ-01598-00374288-00374519 plague was not a little promoted by
931hLJN44LQ-01599-00374520-00374806 certain philosophers in the last century
931hLJN44LQ-01600-00374807-00375071 professors of a foolish wisdom
931hLJN44LQ-01601-00375072-00375302 who set themselves to root up the
931hLJN44LQ-01602-00375303-00375534 foundations of christian truth
931hLJN44LQ-01603-00375535-00375782 and started a system of philosophy
931hLJN44LQ-01604-00375783-00376095 calculated the more vehemently to
931hLJN44LQ-01605-00376096-00376334 inflame the desires after unlimited
931hLJN44LQ-01606-00376335-00376551 license which had been already in
931hLJN44LQ-01607-00376552-00376806 kindled
931hLJN44LQ-01608-00376807-00377087 was the help of these wanting whom an
931hLJN44LQ-01609-00377088-00377319 impotent hatred of religion binds
931hLJN44LQ-01610-00377320-00377591 together in unhallowed bonds
931hLJN44LQ-01611-00377592-00377854 and daily renders more eager in the
931hLJN44LQ-01612-00377855-00378158 persecution of catholics
931hLJN44LQ-01613-00378159-00378406 and whether emulation in this evil work
931hLJN44LQ-01614-00378407-00378663 was greater in france than anywhere else
931hLJN44LQ-01615-00378664-00378871 nobody venerable brethren can be a
931hLJN44LQ-01616-00378872-00379239 better judge than yourselves
931hLJN44LQ-01617-00379240-00379454 for these reasons therefore
931hLJN44LQ-01618-00379455-00379678 the fatherly love we bear to all the
931hLJN44LQ-01619-00379679-00379839 nations of the world
931hLJN44LQ-01620-00379840-00380095 and which impelled us to recall the
931hLJN44LQ-01621-00380096-00380343 peoples of ireland spain and italy to
931hLJN44LQ-01622-00380344-00380615 their duty when the need arose by our
931hLJN44LQ-01623-00380616-00380815 letters to their bishops
931hLJN44LQ-01624-00380816-00381071 has induced us to turn our attention and
931hLJN44LQ-01625-00381072-00381351 thoughts to france
931hLJN44LQ-01626-00381352-00381591 the designs of which we have just spoken
931hLJN44LQ-01627-00381592-00381751 are injurious
931hLJN44LQ-01628-00381752-00381943 not only to religion
931hLJN44LQ-01629-00381944-00382199 but are also harmful and fatal to the
931hLJN44LQ-01630-00382200-00382334 state
931hLJN44LQ-01631-00382335-00382543 for it is impossible that prosperity
931hLJN44LQ-01632-00382544-00382751 should follow a state in which the
931hLJN44LQ-01633-00382752-00383167 influence of religion is extinguished
931hLJN44LQ-01634-00383168-00383430 the moment man ceases to be in fear of
931hLJN44LQ-01635-00383431-00383534 god
931hLJN44LQ-01636-00383535-00383799 he is deprived of the most necessary
931hLJN44LQ-01637-00383800-00383975 basis of justice
931hLJN44LQ-01638-00383976-00384110 without which
931hLJN44LQ-01639-00384111-00384295 even in the opinion of the pagan
931hLJN44LQ-01640-00384296-00384447 philosophers
931hLJN44LQ-01641-00384448-00384782 society cannot exist
931hLJN44LQ-01642-00384783-00385006 the authority of rulers will lose its
931hLJN44LQ-01643-00385007-00385095 weight
931hLJN44LQ-01644-00385096-00385463 and the laws of the land of their force
931hLJN44LQ-01645-00385464-00385734 self-interest will weigh more with every
931hLJN44LQ-01646-00385735-00385943 man than high principles
931hLJN44LQ-01647-00385944-00386110 and the integrity of rights will be
931hLJN44LQ-01648-00386111-00386382 threatened for the fear of punishment is
931hLJN44LQ-01649-00386383-00386623 but a bad guarantee for the fulfillment
931hLJN44LQ-01650-00386624-00386854 of duty
931hLJN44LQ-01651-00386855-00387102 those who rule will easily be led to
931hLJN44LQ-01652-00387103-00387287 exceed the proper limits of their
931hLJN44LQ-01653-00387288-00387406 authority
931hLJN44LQ-01654-00387407-00387558 and those who obey
931hLJN44LQ-01655-00387559-00387943 seduced into sedition and revolt
931hLJN44LQ-01656-00387944-00388063 moreover
931hLJN44LQ-01657-00388064-00388271 as there is nothing good in nature which
931hLJN44LQ-01658-00388272-00388478 is not to be referred to the divine
931hLJN44LQ-01659-00388479-00388623 goodness
931hLJN44LQ-01660-00388624-00388878 every human society which does its
931hLJN44LQ-01661-00388879-00389158 utmost to exclude god from its laws and
931hLJN44LQ-01662-00389159-00389334 its constitution
931hLJN44LQ-01663-00389335-00389543 rejects the help of this divine
931hLJN44LQ-01664-00389544-00389678 beneficence
931hLJN44LQ-01665-00389679-00389951 and deserves also that that help should
931hLJN44LQ-01666-00389952-00390239 be denied it
931hLJN44LQ-01667-00390240-00390447 rich therefore and powerful as it
931hLJN44LQ-01668-00390448-00390575 appears
931hLJN44LQ-01669-00390576-00390815 that society bears within itself the
931hLJN44LQ-01670-00390816-00390967 seeds of death
931hLJN44LQ-01671-00390968-00391375 and cannot hope for a lengthy existence
931hLJN44LQ-01672-00391376-00391654 it is indeed with christian peoples as
931hLJN44LQ-01673-00391655-00391878 with individuals
931hLJN44LQ-01674-00391879-00392078 it is safely to follow the councils of
931hLJN44LQ-01675-00392079-00392527 god it is danger to fall away from them
931hLJN44LQ-01676-00392528-00392791 and it often happens that when nations
931hLJN44LQ-01677-00392792-00393023 jealously retain their fidelity to god
931hLJN44LQ-01678-00393024-00393143 and the church
931hLJN44LQ-01679-00393144-00393415 they arrive almost naturally at the
931hLJN44LQ-01680-00393416-00393734 highest pitch of natural prosperity
931hLJN44LQ-01681-00393735-00393958 but that when they fall away from it
931hLJN44LQ-01682-00393959-00394278 they perish
931hLJN44LQ-01683-00394279-00394599 these facts are to be found in history
931hLJN44LQ-01684-00394600-00394791 and we could cite you more recent
931hLJN44LQ-01685-00394792-00395110 instances even in your own country had
931hLJN44LQ-01686-00395111-00395327 we the time to recall the events seen by
931hLJN44LQ-01687-00395328-00395582 a previous generation when the impiety
931hLJN44LQ-01688-00395583-00395815 of the mob shook france to its very
931hLJN44LQ-01689-00395816-00395967 foundations
931hLJN44LQ-01690-00395968-00396182 and church and state perished in the
931hLJN44LQ-01691-00396183-00396447 same destruction
931hLJN44LQ-01692-00396448-00396719 but on the other hand the certain causes
931hLJN44LQ-01693-00396720-00397015 of the state's ruin are easily removed
931hLJN44LQ-01694-00397016-00397271 if in the constitution and ruling of the
931hLJN44LQ-01695-00397272-00397519 family and of society the precepts are
931hLJN44LQ-01696-00397520-00397727 observed of the catholic religion
931hLJN44LQ-01697-00397728-00397967 for these are most eminently fitted to
931hLJN44LQ-01698-00397968-00398167 preserve order and the welfare of the
931hLJN44LQ-01699-00398168-00398358 state
931hLJN44LQ-01700-00398359-00398695 and first as regards family life
931hLJN44LQ-01701-00398696-00398991 it is of the highest importance that the
931hLJN44LQ-01702-00398992-00399230 offspring of christian marriages should
931hLJN44LQ-01703-00399231-00399487 be thoroughly instructed in the precepts
931hLJN44LQ-01704-00399488-00399639 of religion
931hLJN44LQ-01705-00399640-00399847 and that the various studies by which
931hLJN44LQ-01706-00399848-00400102 youth is fitted for the world
931hLJN44LQ-01707-00400103-00400487 should be joined with that of religion
931hLJN44LQ-01708-00400488-00400639 to divorce these
931hLJN44LQ-01709-00400640-00400902 is to wish that youth should be neutral
931hLJN44LQ-01710-00400903-00401206 as regards its duties to god
931hLJN44LQ-01711-00401207-00401415 a system of education in itself
931hLJN44LQ-01712-00401416-00401534 fallacious
931hLJN44LQ-01713-00401535-00401878 and particularly fatal in tender years
931hLJN44LQ-01714-00401879-00402151 for it opens the door to atheism and
931hLJN44LQ-01715-00402152-00402502 closes it on religion
931hLJN44LQ-01716-00402503-00402782 christian parents must therefore be
931hLJN44LQ-01717-00402783-00402982 careful that their children receive
931hLJN44LQ-01718-00402983-00403191 religious instruction as soon as they
931hLJN44LQ-01719-00403192-00403454 are capable of understanding it and that
931hLJN44LQ-01720-00403455-00403751 nothing may in the schools they attend
931hLJN44LQ-01721-00403752-00404151 blemish their faith or their morals
931hLJN44LQ-01722-00404152-00404351 both the divine and the natural law
931hLJN44LQ-01723-00404352-00404591 impose this duty on them
931hLJN44LQ-01724-00404592-00404847 nor can parents on any ground whatever
931hLJN44LQ-01725-00404848-00405206 be freed from this obligation
931hLJN44LQ-01726-00405207-00405351 the church
931hLJN44LQ-01727-00405352-00405630 guardian of the integrity of the faith
931hLJN44LQ-01728-00405631-00405927 which in virtue of its authority
931hLJN44LQ-01729-00405928-00406151 deputed from god its founder
931hLJN44LQ-01730-00406152-00406382 has to call all nations to the knowledge
931hLJN44LQ-01731-00406383-00406519 of christian love
931hLJN44LQ-01732-00406520-00406775 and which is consequently bound to watch
931hLJN44LQ-01733-00406776-00407006 keenly over the teaching and upbringing
931hLJN44LQ-01734-00407007-00407191 of the children placed under its
931hLJN44LQ-01735-00407192-00407423 authority by baptism
931hLJN44LQ-01736-00407424-00407687 has always expressly condemned
931hLJN44LQ-01737-00407688-00408039 mixed or neutral schools
931hLJN44LQ-01738-00408040-00408254 over and over again she has warned
931hLJN44LQ-01739-00408255-00408463 parents to be ever on their guard in
931hLJN44LQ-01740-00408464-00408758 this most essential point
931hLJN44LQ-01741-00408759-00409006 to obey the church in this is to obey
931hLJN44LQ-01742-00409007-00409278 the requirements of social utility
931hLJN44LQ-01743-00409279-00409487 and to serve in the most excellent
931hLJN44LQ-01744-00409488-00409855 manner the common welfare
931hLJN44LQ-01745-00409856-00410126 those indeed whose early days were not
931hLJN44LQ-01746-00410127-00410399 enlightened by religious instruction
931hLJN44LQ-01747-00410400-00410622 grow up without any knowledge whatever
931hLJN44LQ-01748-00410623-00410791 of the greatest truths
931hLJN44LQ-01749-00410792-00411022 which alone can nourish in man the love
931hLJN44LQ-01750-00411023-00411310 of virtue and repress in him his evil
931hLJN44LQ-01751-00411312-00411487 passions
931hLJN44LQ-01752-00411488-00411670 such as for instance
931hLJN44LQ-01753-00411671-00411943 the ideas of god the creator
931hLJN44LQ-01754-00411943-00412199 of god the judge and avenger
931hLJN44LQ-01755-00412200-00412407 of the rewards and punishments in
931hLJN44LQ-01756-00412408-00412574 another life
931hLJN44LQ-01757-00412575-00412782 of the heavenly help offered to us by
931hLJN44LQ-01758-00412783-00412982 jesus christ for the conscientious and
931hLJN44LQ-01759-00412983-00413303 holy fulfillment of our duties
931hLJN44LQ-01760-00413304-00413518 where these are unknown
931hLJN44LQ-01761-00413519-00413751 all intellectual culture will prove
931hLJN44LQ-01762-00413752-00413943 unhealthy
931hLJN44LQ-01763-00413943-00414174 young people unaccustomed to the fear of
931hLJN44LQ-01764-00414175-00414263 god
931hLJN44LQ-01765-00414264-00414487 will not endure the restraint of an
931hLJN44LQ-01766-00414488-00414663 upright life
931hLJN44LQ-01767-00414664-00414878 they will not venture even to deny
931hLJN44LQ-01768-00414879-00415070 anything to their passions
931hLJN44LQ-01769-00415071-00415278 and will easily be seduced into
931hLJN44LQ-01770-00415279-00415591 troubling the state
931hLJN44LQ-01771-00415592-00415703 next
931hLJN44LQ-01772-00415704-00415974 as regards those most beneficial and
931hLJN44LQ-01773-00415975-00416199 real principles relating to civil
931hLJN44LQ-01774-00416200-00416414 society and the reciprocal rights and
931hLJN44LQ-01775-00416415-00416622 duties of the sacred and the political
931hLJN44LQ-01776-00416623-00416822 powers
931hLJN44LQ-01777-00416823-00416926 four
931hLJN44LQ-01778-00416927-00417191 as there are on earth two principal
931hLJN44LQ-01779-00417192-00417318 societies
931hLJN44LQ-01780-00417319-00417470 the one civil
931hLJN44LQ-01781-00417471-00417655 the approximate end of which is the
931hLJN44LQ-01782-00417656-00417887 temporal and worldly good of the human
931hLJN44LQ-01783-00417888-00418047 race
931hLJN44LQ-01784-00418047-00418222 the other religious
931hLJN44LQ-01785-00418223-00418495 whose office it is to lead mankind to
931hLJN44LQ-01786-00418496-00418766 that true heavenly and everlasting
931hLJN44LQ-01787-00418767-00419118 happiness for which we are created
931hLJN44LQ-01788-00419119-00419382 so these are twin powers both
931hLJN44LQ-01789-00419383-00419679 subordinate to the eternal law of nature
931hLJN44LQ-01790-00419680-00419927 and each working for its own ends in
931hLJN44LQ-01791-00419928-00420135 matters concerning its own order and
931hLJN44LQ-01792-00420135-00420359 domain
931hLJN44LQ-01793-00420360-00420575 but when anything has to be settled for
931hLJN44LQ-01794-00420576-00420751 which different reasons
931hLJN44LQ-01795-00420752-00420966 and in a different way concerns both
931hLJN44LQ-01796-00420967-00421110 powers
931hLJN44LQ-01797-00421112-00421407 necessity and public utility demand that
931hLJN44LQ-01798-00421408-00421622 an agreement shall be affected between
931hLJN44LQ-01799-00421623-00421735 them
931hLJN44LQ-01800-00421735-00422070 without which an uncertain and unstable
931hLJN44LQ-01801-00422071-00422335 condition of things will be the result
931hLJN44LQ-01802-00422335-00422614 totally inconsistent with the peace
931hLJN44LQ-01803-00422615-00423007 either of church or state
931hLJN44LQ-01804-00423008-00423310 therefore a solemn public compact has
931hLJN44LQ-01805-00423312-00423503 been made between the sacred and the
931hLJN44LQ-01806-00423504-00423670 civil power
931hLJN44LQ-01807-00423671-00423887 then it is as much the interest of the
931hLJN44LQ-01808-00423888-00423983 state
931hLJN44LQ-01809-00423984-00424263 as it is just that the compact should
931hLJN44LQ-01810-00424264-00424503 remain in violet
931hLJN44LQ-01811-00424504-00424710 because as each power has services to
931hLJN44LQ-01812-00424712-00424870 render to the other
931hLJN44LQ-01813-00424871-00425110 a certain and reciprocal advantage is
931hLJN44LQ-01814-00425112-00425543 enjoyed and conferred by each
931hLJN44LQ-01815-00425543-00425743 in france at the beginning of this
931hLJN44LQ-01816-00425743-00425855 century
931hLJN44LQ-01817-00425856-00426095 after the previous public commotions and
931hLJN44LQ-01818-00426096-00426310 terrors had subsided
931hLJN44LQ-01819-00426312-00426551 the rulers themselves understood that
931hLJN44LQ-01820-00426552-00426775 they could not more effectually relieve
931hLJN44LQ-01821-00426776-00426887 the state
931hLJN44LQ-01822-00426888-00427127 wearied with so many ruins
931hLJN44LQ-01823-00427128-00427327 than by the restoration of the catholic
931hLJN44LQ-01824-00427328-00427551 religion
931hLJN44LQ-01825-00427552-00427903 in anticipation of future advantages
931hLJN44LQ-01826-00427904-00428139 our predecessor pius vii
931hLJN44LQ-01827-00428139-00428407 spontaneously acceded to the desire of
931hLJN44LQ-01828-00428408-00428566 the first council
931hLJN44LQ-01829-00428567-00428839 and acted as indulgently as was
931hLJN44LQ-01830-00428839-00429127 consistent with his duty
931hLJN44LQ-01831-00429128-00429343 and when an agreement was reached as
931hLJN44LQ-01832-00429343-00429614 regarded the principal points
931hLJN44LQ-01833-00429615-00429799 the bases were laid
931hLJN44LQ-01834-00429800-00430007 and a safe course marked out for the
931hLJN44LQ-01835-00430008-00430279 restoration and gradual establishment of
931hLJN44LQ-01836-00430280-00430503 religion
931hLJN44LQ-01837-00430504-00430735 many prudent regulations indeed were
931hLJN44LQ-01838-00430735-00431031 made at that and at subsequent times for
931hLJN44LQ-01839-00431032-00431351 the safety and honor of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01840-00431352-00431535 and great were the advantages derived
931hLJN44LQ-01841-00431535-00431647 there from
931hLJN44LQ-01842-00431647-00431847 which were all the more to be valued in
931hLJN44LQ-01843-00431847-00432063 consequence of the state of prostration
931hLJN44LQ-01844-00432064-00432287 and oppression into which religion had
931hLJN44LQ-01845-00432288-00432599 been brought in france
931hLJN44LQ-01846-00432600-00432822 with the restoration of public dignity
931hLJN44LQ-01847-00432823-00432959 to religion
931hLJN44LQ-01848-00432960-00433183 christian institutions manifestly
931hLJN44LQ-01849-00433184-00433455 revived and it was wonderful what an
931hLJN44LQ-01850-00433456-00433647 increase of civil prosperity was the
931hLJN44LQ-01851-00433647-00433863 result
931hLJN44LQ-01852-00433864-00434127 for when the state had scarcely emerged
931hLJN44LQ-01853-00434128-00434359 from the tempestuous waves and was
931hLJN44LQ-01854-00434360-00434583 anxiously looking for firm foundations
931hLJN44LQ-01855-00434584-00434775 on which to base tranquility and public
931hLJN44LQ-01856-00434776-00434895 order
931hLJN44LQ-01857-00434896-00435183 it found the very thing which it desired
931hLJN44LQ-01858-00435184-00435375 opportunely offered to it by the
931hLJN44LQ-01859-00435376-00435535 catholic church
931hLJN44LQ-01860-00435535-00435799 so that it was apparent that the idea of
931hLJN44LQ-01861-00435800-00435999 affecting an agreement with the latter
931hLJN44LQ-01862-00436000-00436255 was the outcome of a prudent mind and a
931hLJN44LQ-01863-00436256-00436655 true regard for the people's welfare
931hLJN44LQ-01864-00436656-00436799 wherefore
931hLJN44LQ-01865-00436800-00437063 if there were no other reasons for it
931hLJN44LQ-01866-00437064-00437295 the same motive which led to the work of
931hLJN44LQ-01867-00437296-00437551 pacification being undertaken ought now
931hLJN44LQ-01868-00437552-00437887 to operate for its maintenance
931hLJN44LQ-01869-00437888-00438007 for
931hLJN44LQ-01870-00438008-00438231 now that the desire of innovation has
931hLJN44LQ-01871-00438232-00438470 been enkindled everywhere
931hLJN44LQ-01872-00438471-00438687 and in the existing uncertainty as to
931hLJN44LQ-01873-00438688-00438879 the future
931hLJN44LQ-01874-00438880-00439151 to sow fresh seeds of discord between
931hLJN44LQ-01875-00439152-00439310 the two powers
931hLJN44LQ-01876-00439312-00439543 and by the interposition of obstacles to
931hLJN44LQ-01877-00439543-00439775 fetter or delay the beneficial action of
931hLJN44LQ-01878-00439776-00439887 the church
931hLJN44LQ-01879-00439888-00440191 would be of course void of wisdom and
931hLJN44LQ-01880-00440192-00440495 full of peril
931hLJN44LQ-01881-00440496-00440710 and yet we are troubled and grieved to
931hLJN44LQ-01882-00440712-00440966 see that perils of this kind are at the
931hLJN44LQ-01883-00440967-00441151 present time arising
931hLJN44LQ-01884-00441152-00441335 for certain things opposed to the
931hLJN44LQ-01885-00441335-00441599 well-being of the church have been and
931hLJN44LQ-01886-00441600-00441759 are being done
931hLJN44LQ-01887-00441760-00442022 in consequence of the aroused mistrust
931hLJN44LQ-01888-00442023-00442239 and hatred of hostile minds against
931hLJN44LQ-01889-00442239-00442431 catholic institutions
931hLJN44LQ-01890-00442432-00442655 which have been want to represent them
931hLJN44LQ-01891-00442656-00443022 as the enemies of the state
931hLJN44LQ-01892-00443023-00443239 we are also no less concerned and
931hLJN44LQ-01893-00443239-00443543 anxious at the designs of those who with
931hLJN44LQ-01894-00443543-00443814 the object of dividing the interests of
931hLJN44LQ-01895-00443815-00443966 church and state
931hLJN44LQ-01896-00443967-00444151 would wish to break
931hLJN44LQ-01897-00444152-00444351 more or less rapidly
931hLJN44LQ-01898-00444352-00444607 the salutary compact concluded with the
931hLJN44LQ-01899-00444608-00444966 apostolic sea
931hLJN44LQ-01900-00444967-00445159 in this state of affairs
931hLJN44LQ-01901-00445160-00445375 we have neglected nothing which the
931hLJN44LQ-01902-00445376-00445663 times seem to call for
931hLJN44LQ-01903-00445664-00445935 each time that it has appeared necessary
931hLJN44LQ-01904-00445935-00446231 to us we have ordered arnuncio to make
931hLJN44LQ-01905-00446232-00446414 representations to the rulers of the
931hLJN44LQ-01906-00446415-00446518 state
931hLJN44LQ-01907-00446519-00446743 which they declared they received in a
931hLJN44LQ-01908-00446743-00447095 spirit disposed to do justice
931hLJN44LQ-01909-00447096-00447383 we ourselves on the law being passed for
931hLJN44LQ-01910-00447384-00447631 the suppression of the religious orders
931hLJN44LQ-01911-00447632-00447863 made known our sentiments in a letter
931hLJN44LQ-01912-00447864-00448055 addressed to our dear son
931hLJN44LQ-01913-00448056-00448239 cardinal of the holy roman catholic
931hLJN44LQ-01914-00448239-00448559 church and archbishop of paris
931hLJN44LQ-01915-00448560-00448831 similarly in a letter of june last to
931hLJN44LQ-01916-00448832-00449039 the president of the republic
931hLJN44LQ-01917-00449039-00449359 we complained of certain acts injurious
931hLJN44LQ-01918-00449360-00449631 to the salvation of souls and infringing
931hLJN44LQ-01919-00449632-00449927 the rights of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01920-00449928-00450143 we have acted in this manner for the
931hLJN44LQ-01921-00450143-00450279 double reason
931hLJN44LQ-01922-00450280-00450495 that it was the duty of our apostolic
931hLJN44LQ-01923-00450496-00450599 office
931hLJN44LQ-01924-00450600-00450870 and that we ardently desire that france
931hLJN44LQ-01925-00450871-00451207 should preserve with pious and in violet
931hLJN44LQ-01926-00451208-00451343 fidelity
931hLJN44LQ-01927-00451343-00451527 the religion it received from its
931hLJN44LQ-01928-00451528-00451822 fathers and ancestors
931hLJN44LQ-01929-00451823-00451966 in the same manner with the same
931hLJN44LQ-01930-00451967-00452255 firmness and the same steadfastness
931hLJN44LQ-01931-00452256-00452447 we will never cease to defend the
931hLJN44LQ-01932-00452447-00452775 catholic interests of france
931hLJN44LQ-01933-00452776-00453014 in the carrying out of that just and
931hLJN44LQ-01934-00453015-00453166 strict duty
931hLJN44LQ-01935-00453167-00453422 you have all venerable brethren
931hLJN44LQ-01936-00453423-00453727 been our strenuous supporters
931hLJN44LQ-01937-00453728-00453943 compelled to deplore the lot of the
931hLJN44LQ-01938-00453943-00454183 religious orders you have nevertheless
931hLJN44LQ-01939-00454184-00454375 done all that lay in your powers to
931hLJN44LQ-01940-00454376-00454622 prevent the fall of those who deserved
931hLJN44LQ-01941-00454623-00454863 as well of the state as they had done of
931hLJN44LQ-01942-00454864-00455103 the church
931hLJN44LQ-01943-00455104-00455470 at present as far as the laws allow
931hLJN44LQ-01944-00455471-00455743 you are applying your most earnest care
931hLJN44LQ-01945-00455743-00456022 and attention to procure for youth
931hLJN44LQ-01946-00456023-00456399 numerous facilities for a good education
931hLJN44LQ-01947-00456400-00456622 nor are you backward in demonstrating
931hLJN44LQ-01948-00456623-00456847 how pernicious to the state itself are
931hLJN44LQ-01949-00456847-00457079 the plans which some men entertain
931hLJN44LQ-01950-00457080-00457383 against the church
931hLJN44LQ-01951-00457384-00457591 no one therefore will have the right to
931hLJN44LQ-01952-00457592-00457783 accuse you of yielding to human
931hLJN44LQ-01953-00457784-00457927 considerations
931hLJN44LQ-01954-00457928-00458110 or of warring against the established
931hLJN44LQ-01955-00458112-00458295 order of things
931hLJN44LQ-01956-00458296-00458543 for when god's honor when the salvation
931hLJN44LQ-01957-00458543-00458759 of souls are endangered
931hLJN44LQ-01958-00458760-00458991 the duty of your office is to take up
931hLJN44LQ-01959-00458992-00459191 the protection and defense of all such
931hLJN44LQ-01960-00459192-00459431 matters
931hLJN44LQ-01961-00459432-00459607 continue therefore to fulfill with
931hLJN44LQ-01962-00459608-00459783 prudence and firmness
931hLJN44LQ-01963-00459784-00460063 the duties of your episcopal ministry
931hLJN44LQ-01964-00460064-00460255 teaching the precepts of heavenly
931hLJN44LQ-01965-00460256-00460366 doctrine
931hLJN44LQ-01966-00460367-00460647 and pointing out to your people the path
931hLJN44LQ-01967-00460647-00460895 to follow amid the great wickedness of
931hLJN44LQ-01968-00460896-00461166 the times
931hLJN44LQ-01969-00461167-00461383 there must be a perfect union of mind
931hLJN44LQ-01970-00461384-00461510 and will
931hLJN44LQ-01971-00461512-00461743 and where the cause is the same
931hLJN44LQ-01972-00461743-00461943 the mode of action should likewise be
931hLJN44LQ-01973-00461943-00462159 the same
931hLJN44LQ-01974-00462160-00462359 that schools are never wanting in which
931hLJN44LQ-01975-00462360-00462583 the young may be carefully imbued with
931hLJN44LQ-01976-00462584-00462783 the ideas of the rewards of heaven and
931hLJN44LQ-01977-00462784-00463014 of their duties to god
931hLJN44LQ-01978-00463015-00463263 and in which they may obtain accurate
931hLJN44LQ-01979-00463264-00463422 knowledge of the church
931hLJN44LQ-01980-00463423-00463727 and learn submission to our teaching
931hLJN44LQ-01981-00463728-00463935 so that they may understand and feel
931hLJN44LQ-01982-00463935-00464143 that they should be ready to brave all
931hLJN44LQ-01983-00464143-00464543 risks for it
931hLJN44LQ-01984-00464543-00464822 france is rich in instances of eminent
931hLJN44LQ-01985-00464823-00465110 men who have not feared to face for the
931hLJN44LQ-01986-00465112-00465247 christian faith
931hLJN44LQ-01987-00465247-00465399 all misfortunes
931hLJN44LQ-01988-00465400-00465775 and even the loss of life
931hLJN44LQ-01989-00465776-00465999 in the social upheaval of which we spoke
931hLJN44LQ-01990-00466000-00466135 just now
931hLJN44LQ-01991-00466135-00466366 many men of unconquerable faith were to
931hLJN44LQ-01992-00466367-00466647 be met with who maintained the honor of
931hLJN44LQ-01993-00466647-00466839 their country with courage
931hLJN44LQ-01994-00466839-00467070 and their blood
931hLJN44LQ-01995-00467071-00467303 we see virtue worthily maintaining
931hLJN44LQ-01996-00467304-00467535 itself with god's help
931hLJN44LQ-01997-00467535-00467879 in the midst of snares and perils
931hLJN44LQ-01998-00467880-00468159 the clergy are attached to their duty
931hLJN44LQ-01999-00468160-00468399 and fulfill it with the charity ever
931hLJN44LQ-02000-00468400-00468655 ready and apt to help our neighbor which
931hLJN44LQ-02001-00468656-00468935 is proper to the priest
931hLJN44LQ-02002-00468935-00469143 large numbers of laymen openly and
931hLJN44LQ-02003-00469143-00469422 boldly profess the catholic faith
931hLJN44LQ-02004-00469423-00469599 they rival one another in the
931hLJN44LQ-02005-00469600-00469822 multiplication and variety of the
931hLJN44LQ-02006-00469823-00470007 testimonies of their devotion to the
931hLJN44LQ-02007-00470008-00470207 holy see
931hLJN44LQ-02008-00470208-00470470 they provide a great cost and a great
931hLJN44LQ-02009-00470471-00470791 trouble for the education of youth
931hLJN44LQ-02010-00470792-00471014 and they come forward in aid of public
931hLJN44LQ-02011-00471015-00471287 needs with admirable liberality and
931hLJN44LQ-02012-00471288-00471583 munificence
931hLJN44LQ-02013-00471584-00471847 all this good which affords the best
931hLJN44LQ-02014-00471847-00472070 hopes for the future of france
931hLJN44LQ-02015-00472071-00472366 must not only be preserved but increased
931hLJN44LQ-02016-00472367-00472575 by united efforts and constant
931hLJN44LQ-02017-00472576-00472766 watchfulness
931hLJN44LQ-02018-00472767-00472879 above all
931hLJN44LQ-02019-00472880-00473110 care must be taken that the ranks of the
931hLJN44LQ-02020-00473112-00473327 clergy shall be more and more filled
931hLJN44LQ-02021-00473328-00473679 with worthy and capable men
931hLJN44LQ-02022-00473680-00473887 let the authority of their bishops be
931hLJN44LQ-02023-00473888-00474103 sacred to the priest
931hLJN44LQ-02024-00474104-00474310 let the latter be convinced that their
931hLJN44LQ-02025-00474312-00474551 ministry will be neither holy nor
931hLJN44LQ-02026-00474552-00474879 profitable nor respected if it be not
931hLJN44LQ-02027-00474880-00475063 exercised under the guidance of their
931hLJN44LQ-02028-00475064-00475279 bishops
931hLJN44LQ-02029-00475280-00475487 the prominent layman also
931hLJN44LQ-02030-00475488-00475703 those devoted to our common mother the
931hLJN44LQ-02031-00475704-00475807 church
931hLJN44LQ-02032-00475808-00475983 and who are able to render useful
931hLJN44LQ-02033-00475984-00476143 service to the catholic religion by
931hLJN44LQ-02034-00476143-00476351 their word and by their pen must
931hLJN44LQ-02035-00476352-00476551 multiply their efforts in the defense of
931hLJN44LQ-02036-00476552-00476727 the church
931hLJN44LQ-02037-00476728-00476975 to obtain these results it is an
931hLJN44LQ-02038-00476976-00477222 absolute necessity that wills should be
931hLJN44LQ-02039-00477223-00477351 in harmony
931hLJN44LQ-02040-00477352-00477679 and the action unanimous
931hLJN44LQ-02041-00477680-00477839 there is certainly nothing more wished
931hLJN44LQ-02042-00477839-00478055 for by our adversaries
931hLJN44LQ-02043-00478056-00478295 than dissensions between catholics who
931hLJN44LQ-02044-00478296-00478495 should avoid nothing with greater care
931hLJN44LQ-02045-00478496-00478695 than any disagreement
931hLJN44LQ-02046-00478696-00478935 mindful of the divine words
931hLJN44LQ-02047-00478935-00479214 every kingdom divided against itself
931hLJN44LQ-02048-00479215-00479575 shall be made desolate
931hLJN44LQ-02049-00479576-00479807 but if anyone is compelled
931hLJN44LQ-02050-00479808-00480063 so that union may be preserved
931hLJN44LQ-02051-00480064-00480351 to renounce his own private opinion
931hLJN44LQ-02052-00480352-00480566 let him do it cheerfully for the common
931hLJN44LQ-02053-00480567-00480710 good
931hLJN44LQ-02054-00480712-00480983 catholic writers must spare no effort to
931hLJN44LQ-02055-00480984-00481262 preserve this harmony in all things
931hLJN44LQ-02056-00481263-00481518 let them prefer that which is of general
931hLJN44LQ-02057-00481519-00481910 utility to their own private interests
931hLJN44LQ-02058-00481912-00482183 let them favor common action
931hLJN44LQ-02059-00482184-00482495 let them willingly submit to those
931hLJN44LQ-02060-00482496-00482751 whom the holy ghost has set as bishops
931hLJN44LQ-02061-00482752-00483118 to rule over the church of god
931hLJN44LQ-02062-00483119-00483351 let them respect their authority and
931hLJN44LQ-02063-00483352-00483527 never undertake anything against the
931hLJN44LQ-02064-00483528-00483710 will of those they should look on as
931hLJN44LQ-02065-00483712-00483951 their leaders in the battle for catholic
931hLJN44LQ-02066-00483952-00484222 interests
931hLJN44LQ-02067-00484223-00484375 finally
931hLJN44LQ-02068-00484376-00484607 following the invariable custom of the
931hLJN44LQ-02069-00484608-00484862 church in times of difficulty
931hLJN44LQ-02070-00484863-00485047 let all the faithful under your
931hLJN44LQ-02071-00485047-00485159 direction
931hLJN44LQ-02072-00485160-00485407 unceasingly pray and beseech god to look
931hLJN44LQ-02073-00485408-00485551 down on france
931hLJN44LQ-02074-00485552-00485927 that his mercy may overcome his wrath
931hLJN44LQ-02075-00485928-00486183 the unbridled license of speech and of
931hLJN44LQ-02076-00486184-00486462 the press has many times outraged the
931hLJN44LQ-02077-00486463-00486687 majesty of god
931hLJN44LQ-02078-00486688-00486918 men are not wanting who not only
931hLJN44LQ-02079-00486919-00487166 ungratefully repudiate the benefits of
931hLJN44LQ-02080-00487167-00487439 jesus christ the savior of the world but
931hLJN44LQ-02081-00487439-00487727 even go so far in their impiety as to
931hLJN44LQ-02082-00487728-00487983 glory in not believing in the existence
931hLJN44LQ-02083-00487984-00488191 of god
931hLJN44LQ-02084-00488192-00488414 two catholics will follow the duty of
931hLJN44LQ-02085-00488415-00488575 making reparation
931hLJN44LQ-02086-00488576-00488814 by a great spirit of faith and piety for
931hLJN44LQ-02087-00488815-00489087 these perverse aberrations of mind and
931hLJN44LQ-02088-00489088-00489175 deed
931hLJN44LQ-02089-00489176-00489375 and of publicly proving that they have
931hLJN44LQ-02090-00489376-00489566 nothing more at heart than the glory of
931hLJN44LQ-02091-00489567-00489655 god
931hLJN44LQ-02092-00489656-00489847 nothing dearer than the religion of
931hLJN44LQ-02093-00489847-00490095 their forefathers
931hLJN44LQ-02094-00490096-00490327 those especially whose life is past in
931hLJN44LQ-02095-00490328-00490510 more intimate union with god in the
931hLJN44LQ-02096-00490512-00490743 cloister should excite themselves to
931hLJN44LQ-02097-00490743-00490975 more and more generous charity and
931hLJN44LQ-02098-00490976-00491175 strive to appease the lord by their
931hLJN44LQ-02099-00491176-00491310 humble prayers
931hLJN44LQ-02100-00491312-00491591 voluntary self-denials and offering of
931hLJN44LQ-02101-00491592-00491783 self
931hLJN44LQ-02102-00491784-00491895 and thus
931hLJN44LQ-02103-00491896-00492151 with the help of the divine mercy
931hLJN44LQ-02104-00492152-00492407 we are confident that the straight will
931hLJN44LQ-02105-00492408-00492566 come to repentance
931hLJN44LQ-02106-00492567-00492822 and the name of france will regain its
931hLJN44LQ-02107-00492823-00493110 ancient greatness
931hLJN44LQ-02108-00493112-00493359 in all that we have hitherto said
931hLJN44LQ-02109-00493360-00493535 venerable brethren
931hLJN44LQ-02110-00493535-00493775 you will see the fatherly love and deep
931hLJN44LQ-02111-00493776-00493959 affection which we bear to the whole of
931hLJN44LQ-02112-00493960-00494127 france
931hLJN44LQ-02113-00494128-00494439 we doubt not that this testimony of our
931hLJN44LQ-02114-00494439-00494655 most keen anxiety
931hLJN44LQ-02115-00494656-00494903 will tend to strengthen and tighten the
931hLJN44LQ-02116-00494904-00495070 necessary bond between france and the
931hLJN44LQ-02117-00495071-00495222 holy see
931hLJN44LQ-02118-00495223-00495551 a union which has ever been at all times
931hLJN44LQ-02119-00495552-00495807 a source of mutual numerous and
931hLJN44LQ-02120-00495808-00496095 important advantages
931hLJN44LQ-02121-00496096-00496295 gladdened with this thought venerable
931hLJN44LQ-02122-00496296-00496399 brethren
931hLJN44LQ-02123-00496400-00496670 we implore for you and your faithful
931hLJN44LQ-02124-00496671-00496847 the greatest abundance of heavenly
931hLJN44LQ-02125-00496847-00496983 graces
931hLJN44LQ-02126-00496984-00497199 and we grant you most lovingly in the
931hLJN44LQ-02127-00497200-00497479 lord as a pledge and testimony of our
931hLJN44LQ-02128-00497480-00497655 special good will
931hLJN44LQ-02129-00497656-00497910 to you and to the whole of france
931hLJN44LQ-02130-00497912-00498262 the apostolic benediction
931hLJN44LQ-02131-00498263-00498518 given at rome at saint peter's
931hLJN44LQ-02132-00498519-00498903 the eighth day of february 1884
931hLJN44LQ-02133-00498904-00499199 in the sixth year of our pontificate
931hLJN44LQ-02134-00499200-00499559 pope leo the 13th
931hLJN44LQ-02135-00499560-00499879 end of nobelissima galorum jens
931hLJN44LQ-02136-00499880-00500127 on the religious question in france
931hLJN44LQ-02137-00500128-00500710 february 8 1884 by pope leo xiii
931hLJN44LQ-02138-00500712-00501614 read by michael shane craig lambert lc
931hLJN44LQ-02139-00501615-00501823 you
94ok-JD7ubc-00000-00000048-00000231 for this problem we're going to find
94ok-JD7ubc-00001-00000231-00000415 sine of theta of the following right
94ok-JD7ubc-00002-00000416-00000519 triangle
94ok-JD7ubc-00003-00000520-00000759 sine of theta is equal to the opposite
94ok-JD7ubc-00004-00000760-00001095 side length of theta over the hypotenuse
94ok-JD7ubc-00005-00001096-00001470 so sine of theta is equal to three
94ok-JD7ubc-00006-00001471-00001960 over five and this is a final answer
9rTGs6f_gdo-00000-00000000-00000245 the Klein bottle was first imagined by a
9rTGs6f_gdo-00001-00000246-00000473 mathematician named Felix Klein who
9rTGs6f_gdo-00002-00000474-00000617 wondered what would happen if you take
9rTGs6f_gdo-00003-00000618-00000821 two Mobius strips and sew them together
9rTGs6f_gdo-00004-00000822-00001085 on the edges the result is a Klein
9rTGs6f_gdo-00005-00001086-00001277 bottle you can see that if you follow an
9rTGs6f_gdo-00006-00001278-00001489 edge the outside becomes the inside
9rTGs6f_gdo-00007-00001490-00001745 according to topology the Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00008-00001746-00002026 has no volume but if it has no volume
9rTGs6f_gdo-00009-00002027-00002176 then what if we try to fill it with
9rTGs6f_gdo-00010-00002177-00002339 water
9rTGs6f_gdo-00011-00002340-00002537 so when we try to fill it up we can get
9rTGs6f_gdo-00012-00002538-00002776 it this far and it's already full then
9rTGs6f_gdo-00013-00002777-00003155 you have to tilt in the water
9rTGs6f_gdo-00014-00003156-00003490 it fills it up a little bit at a time
9rTGs6f_gdo-00015-00003492-00003695 well if we just pour some water in it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00016-00003696-00003827 then you can see that we're not going to
9rTGs6f_gdo-00017-00003828-00003988 be able to get the air out to get the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00018-00003989-00004186 water in so you can see you're always
9rTGs6f_gdo-00019-00004187-00004379 getting blocked by trying to pour more
9rTGs6f_gdo-00020-00004380-00004529 in here
9rTGs6f_gdo-00021-00004530-00004745 I'm going to try to let the air out
9rTGs6f_gdo-00022-00004746-00005111 then I pour out the water
9rTGs6f_gdo-00023-00005112-00005302 but I have a better way to fill a Klein
9rTGs6f_gdo-00024-00005303-00005470 bottle I'm going to stick it in my
9rTGs6f_gdo-00025-00005471-00005663 vacuum chamber and suck out all the air
9rTGs6f_gdo-00026-00005664-00005885 then when I let the pressure back in it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00027-00005886-00006095 will force the water up into the void in
9rTGs6f_gdo-00028-00006096-00006197 the bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00029-00006198-00006377 all right in order to do this I'm going
9rTGs6f_gdo-00030-00006378-00006592 to try to stick the Klein bottle down so
9rTGs6f_gdo-00031-00006593-00006839 it won't float I'm going to pour some
9rTGs6f_gdo-00032-00006840-00007405 water around it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00033-00007406-00007648 now we're going to try to get that water
9rTGs6f_gdo-00034-00007650-00007853 inside the Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00035-00007854-00008309 okay turn it on three two one
9rTGs6f_gdo-00036-00008310-00008531 so it's immediately bubbling because the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00037-00008532-00008723 air is expanding from the Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00038-00008724-00008963 coming out the bottom
9rTGs6f_gdo-00039-00008964-00009131 all that bubbling is coming from the air
9rTGs6f_gdo-00040-00009132-00009713 inside the Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00041-00009714-00009892 so we're trying to get the inside of the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00042-00009893-00010114 Klein bottle to be as rarified as
9rTGs6f_gdo-00043-00010115-00010273 possible
9rTGs6f_gdo-00044-00010274-00010505 okay let's see what this looks like now
9rTGs6f_gdo-00045-00010506-00010913 when I stop it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00046-00010914-00011141 okay let in the air and it should suck
9rTGs6f_gdo-00047-00011142-00011314 right up into it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00048-00011315-00011513 here we go
9rTGs6f_gdo-00049-00011514-00012071 whoa it's already going in
9rTGs6f_gdo-00050-00012072-00012701 that is awesome
9rTGs6f_gdo-00051-00012702-00013547 fill it up
9rTGs6f_gdo-00052-00013547-00013822 didn't quite fill it all the way up
9rTGs6f_gdo-00053-00013823-00014021 okay let's turn the vacuum back on and
9rTGs6f_gdo-00054-00014022-00014202 let this go for a while longer then
9rTGs6f_gdo-00055-00014203-00014990 [Music]
9rTGs6f_gdo-00056-00014991-00015125 [Music]
9rTGs6f_gdo-00057-00015126-00015316 okay now we're taking this smaller
9rTGs6f_gdo-00058-00015318-00015683 volume of air and rarifying it again
9rTGs6f_gdo-00059-00015684-00015791 okay
9rTGs6f_gdo-00060-00015791-00016889 do it again
9rTGs6f_gdo-00061-00016890-00017827 almost
9rTGs6f_gdo-00062-00017828-00018227 a fully filled Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00063-00018228-00018455 so I was able to fill a shape with no
9rTGs6f_gdo-00064-00018456-00018569 volume
9rTGs6f_gdo-00065-00018570-00018785 now at this point you may be asking why
9rTGs6f_gdo-00066-00018786-00018994 I would say that the Klein bottle has no
9rTGs6f_gdo-00067-00018995-00019247 volume it's because in order to have a
9rTGs6f_gdo-00068-00019248-00019403 volume you have to divide the inside
9rTGs6f_gdo-00069-00019404-00019643 World from the outside world for example
9rTGs6f_gdo-00070-00019644-00019907 this sphere has a volume there's a world
9rTGs6f_gdo-00071-00019908-00020117 outside the ball and a world inside the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00072-00020118-00020327 ball and no matter how I stretch or
9rTGs6f_gdo-00073-00020328-00020483 manipulate the shape there will always
9rTGs6f_gdo-00074-00020484-00020741 be a volume to it but let's look at the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00075-00020742-00020939 Klein bottle where does the outside
9rTGs6f_gdo-00076-00020940-00021155 world end and the inside World start
9rTGs6f_gdo-00077-00021156-00021419 there's no fine line or Edge to divide
9rTGs6f_gdo-00078-00021420-00021683 it into an inside or an outside now the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00079-00021684-00021863 fact that the Klein bottle has no volume
9rTGs6f_gdo-00080-00021864-00022097 isn't actually that special for example
9rTGs6f_gdo-00081-00022098-00022319 this Beaker here has no volume either
9rTGs6f_gdo-00082-00022320-00022553 there's no division between the inside
9rTGs6f_gdo-00083-00022554-00022769 and the outside world we can
9rTGs6f_gdo-00084-00022770-00022943 artificially Define the inside of the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00085-00022944-00023230 cup as anything below this line here but
9rTGs6f_gdo-00086-00023231-00023435 that's just some arbitrary definition of
9rTGs6f_gdo-00087-00023436-00023578 the inside that we're used to living
9rTGs6f_gdo-00088-00023579-00023728 with because we know that when we pour
9rTGs6f_gdo-00089-00023729-00023867 something in it it'll stay there because
9rTGs6f_gdo-00090-00023868-00024125 of gravity but in topology this cup is
9rTGs6f_gdo-00091-00024126-00024389 no different than a flat disc now this
9rTGs6f_gdo-00092-00024390-00024563 problem with shapes having a volume was
9rTGs6f_gdo-00093-00024564-00024839 first realize in two Dimensions by the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00094-00024840-00025108 mathematician Camille Jordan he realized
9rTGs6f_gdo-00095-00025109-00025289 that there's no rigorous mathematical
9rTGs6f_gdo-00096-00025290-00025480 proof to tell the difference between a
9rTGs6f_gdo-00097-00025481-00025672 curve that encloses an area like this
9rTGs6f_gdo-00098-00025673-00025883 one or a curve that doesn't like this
9rTGs6f_gdo-00099-00025883-00026093 one he went on to create the first proof
9rTGs6f_gdo-00100-00026094-00026327 of the Jordan curve theorem which is why
9rTGs6f_gdo-00101-00026327-00026518 it's named after him and it's actually
9rTGs6f_gdo-00102-00026519-00026705 one of the more difficult proofs out
9rTGs6f_gdo-00103-00026706-00026920 there for example we can look at these
9rTGs6f_gdo-00104-00026922-00027124 two lines and instantly know they are
9rTGs6f_gdo-00105-00027125-00027245 different because there's one that
9rTGs6f_gdo-00106-00027245-00027485 encloses an area and one that doesn't it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00107-00027486-00027611 seems obvious
9rTGs6f_gdo-00108-00027612-00027820 but in order to prove it this is what it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00109-00027822-00028049 takes mathematical papers use something
9rTGs6f_gdo-00110-00028050-00028270 called a Lemma a Lemma is an
9rTGs6f_gdo-00111-00028272-00028420 intermediate proof that will be needed
9rTGs6f_gdo-00112-00028422-00028564 later to prove what they're trying to
9rTGs6f_gdo-00113-00028566-00028817 ultimately prove so this paper publishes
9rTGs6f_gdo-00114-00028818-00029045 the proof of the Jordan curve theorem it
9rTGs6f_gdo-00115-00029045-00029524 shows Lemma 1 lemma2 Lemma 3 then Lemma
9rTGs6f_gdo-00116-00029525-00029740 4 and then it finally gets to the actual
9rTGs6f_gdo-00117-00029741-00030011 proof this is all to prove what we can
9rTGs6f_gdo-00118-00030012-00030257 instantly see with our eyes so sometimes
9rTGs6f_gdo-00119-00030258-00030437 things are obvious to our eyes that
9rTGs6f_gdo-00120-00030438-00030640 isn't obvious in mathematics but some
9rTGs6f_gdo-00121-00030641-00030790 interesting results happen once you
9rTGs6f_gdo-00122-00030791-00030995 start to understand these curves for
9rTGs6f_gdo-00123-00030995-00031181 example a simple closed curve like this
9rTGs6f_gdo-00124-00031182-00031331 one means that if you draw a point
9rTGs6f_gdo-00125-00031332-00031570 inside the curve no matter how it moves
9rTGs6f_gdo-00126-00031572-00031757 or stretches the shape it can't get out
9rTGs6f_gdo-00127-00031758-00031985 now for this example it's easy to see
9rTGs6f_gdo-00128-00031986-00032164 that the point is inside the closed
9rTGs6f_gdo-00129-00032166-00032411 curve but what about this closed curve
9rTGs6f_gdo-00130-00032412-00032687 is the point inside or outside this
9rTGs6f_gdo-00131-00032688-00032783 curve
9rTGs6f_gdo-00132-00032784-00032987 well since we Now understand these
9rTGs6f_gdo-00133-00032988-00033131 curves there's some rules that we can
9rTGs6f_gdo-00134-00033132-00033377 follow if you draw a line between the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00135-00033378-00033551 point of interest and another point that
9rTGs6f_gdo-00136-00033552-00033761 we know is outside the curve then you
9rTGs6f_gdo-00137-00033762-00033952 can just count how many times it crosses
9rTGs6f_gdo-00138-00033953-00034187 the curved lines and if it crosses it an
9rTGs6f_gdo-00139-00034188-00034343 even number of times it's on the outside
9rTGs6f_gdo-00140-00034344-00034612 if it crosses it an odd number of times
9rTGs6f_gdo-00141-00034613-00034877 it's on the inside now back to our Klein
9rTGs6f_gdo-00142-00034878-00035099 bottle from the start notice that I call
9rTGs6f_gdo-00143-00035100-00035327 this a physical Klein bottle that's
9rTGs6f_gdo-00144-00035328-00035495 because a true Klein bottle doesn't
9rTGs6f_gdo-00145-00035496-00035674 actually exist because it needs four
9rTGs6f_gdo-00146-00035675-00035915 dimensions to be a real Klein bottle so
9rTGs6f_gdo-00147-00035916-00036173 this is a 3D immersion of a 4D Klein
9rTGs6f_gdo-00148-00036174-00036395 bottle a proper Klein bottle doesn't
9rTGs6f_gdo-00149-00036396-00036611 intersect itself but it actually lifts
9rTGs6f_gdo-00150-00036612-00036809 this portion into the fourth dimension
9rTGs6f_gdo-00151-00036810-00037121 so it doesn't intersect itself you can
9rTGs6f_gdo-00152-00037122-00037385 see in this 4D visualizer of 3D slice is
9rTGs6f_gdo-00153-00037386-00037589 what it would look like this is the
9rTGs6f_gdo-00154-00037590-00037811 self-intersecting Klein bottle in 4D
9rTGs6f_gdo-00155-00037812-00038135 seeing 3D slices of it and this is a
9rTGs6f_gdo-00156-00038136-00038405 non-intersecting Klein bottle we have an
9rTGs6f_gdo-00157-00038406-00038573 extra Dimension so it can move around
9rTGs6f_gdo-00158-00038574-00038717 itself so it doesn't have to
9rTGs6f_gdo-00159-00038718-00038968 self-intersect so a true Klein bottle
9rTGs6f_gdo-00160-00038969-00039202 can only really exist in four dimensions
9rTGs6f_gdo-00161-00039203-00039449 so in three dimensions a Klein bottle is
9rTGs6f_gdo-00162-00039450-00039640 just a really fancy cut that you need a
9rTGs6f_gdo-00163-00039641-00039887 vacuum chamber to easily fill up and
9rTGs6f_gdo-00164-00039888-00040024 thanks for watching another episode of
9rTGs6f_gdo-00165-00040025-00040180 the action lab I hope you learned
9rTGs6f_gdo-00166-00040181-00040337 something if you did don't forget to
9rTGs6f_gdo-00167-00040338-00040529 subscribe if you haven't yet and you can
9rTGs6f_gdo-00168-00040530-00040733 also head to the actionlab.com to check
9rTGs6f_gdo-00169-00040734-00040967 out the action lab experiment boxes and
9rTGs6f_gdo-00170-00040968-00041183 other cool science art and gear and
9rTGs6f_gdo-00171-00041184-00041302 thanks for watching and we'll see you
9rTGs6f_gdo-00172-00041303-00041768 next time foreign
9rTGs6f_gdo-00173-00041769-00042072 [Music]
9t8cCYDytAA-00000-00000104-00000451 this video is about science vs. non
9t8cCYDytAA-00001-00000452-00000879 science designed for my PSC 152 course
9t8cCYDytAA-00002-00000880-00001268 as you've been learning in textbook
9t8cCYDytAA-00003-00001269-00001499 readings science is a process for
9t8cCYDytAA-00004-00001500-00001700 learning about the world in describing
9t8cCYDytAA-00005-00001701-00001991 the world it also represents the
9t8cCYDytAA-00006-00001992-00002312 knowledge gained by this process it
9t8cCYDytAA-00007-00002313-00002550 involves certain key elements such as
9t8cCYDytAA-00008-00002551-00002795 hypothesis and experimenting and
9t8cCYDytAA-00009-00002796-00003229 interpreting data and the key key
9t8cCYDytAA-00010-00003230-00003467 element there is has got to be testable
9t8cCYDytAA-00011-00003468-00003838 testable testable if you cannot test it
9t8cCYDytAA-00012-00003839-00004217 it's not scientific there's a few other
9t8cCYDytAA-00013-00004218-00004385 things in there such as it has to be
9t8cCYDytAA-00014-00004386-00004661 repeatable if you do the experiment and
9t8cCYDytAA-00015-00004662-00004822 somebody else does the experiment and
9t8cCYDytAA-00016-00004823-00004997 you don't get the same results that's a
9t8cCYDytAA-00017-00004998-00005345 problem science self limits itself to
9t8cCYDytAA-00018-00005346-00005543 natural processes and cause-and-effect
9t8cCYDytAA-00019-00005544-00005809 and does not involve the supernatural
9t8cCYDytAA-00020-00005810-00006143 and it's also tentative and what I mean
9t8cCYDytAA-00021-00006144-00006397 by that is that as new information comes
9t8cCYDytAA-00022-00006398-00006703 up science has to be willing to revise
9t8cCYDytAA-00023-00006704-00006920 our understanding based on that new
9t8cCYDytAA-00024-00006920-00007519 information so then what's non science
9t8cCYDytAA-00025-00007520-00007841 that's basically all other ways to learn
9t8cCYDytAA-00026-00007842-00008285 and describe the world it includes
9t8cCYDytAA-00027-00008286-00008744 philosophy art religion history you
9t8cCYDytAA-00028-00008745-00008978 could put in their culture and probably
9t8cCYDytAA-00029-00008979-00009284 about two other things as well and the
9t8cCYDytAA-00030-00009285-00009545 key here is that they don't follow the
9t8cCYDytAA-00031-00009546-00009899 scientific method but that's not a value
9t8cCYDytAA-00032-00009900-00010220 judgment we still have a place for Lassa
9t8cCYDytAA-00033-00010221-00010598 fee and art and religion and history and
9t8cCYDytAA-00034-00010599-00010880 we need those in our lives to have full
9t8cCYDytAA-00035-00010881-00011102 enriched lives but they're not the same
9t8cCYDytAA-00036-00011103-00011428 thing as science you can think of it as
9t8cCYDytAA-00037-00011429-00011645 the difference between a hammer and a
9t8cCYDytAA-00038-00011646-00011981 saw a hammer and a saw don't do the same
9t8cCYDytAA-00039-00011982-00012176 thing but they're still both valuable
9t8cCYDytAA-00040-00012177-00012473 tools and if you try to use a hammer on
9t8cCYDytAA-00041-00012474-00012739 a situation that's more fit for a saw or
9t8cCYDytAA-00042-00012740-00012991 you try to use a saw in a situation
9t8cCYDytAA-00043-00012992-00013193 that's more fit for a hammer it's just
9t8cCYDytAA-00044-00013194-00013353 not going to work as well
9t8cCYDytAA-00045-00013354-00013583 so we have to understand what science is
9t8cCYDytAA-00046-00013584-00013853 and when it's valuable and when it works
9t8cCYDytAA-00047-00013854-00014091 really well but we also have to
9t8cCYDytAA-00048-00014091-00014258 understand that there's a place for non
9t8cCYDytAA-00049-00014259-00014450 scientific approaches to the world
9t8cCYDytAA-00050-00014451-00014850 philosophy art etc and that those have a
9t8cCYDytAA-00051-00014851-00015402 place to be used in their own place so
9t8cCYDytAA-00052-00015403-00015630 let's give an example of something and
9t8cCYDytAA-00053-00015631-00015750 this one should be a pretty obvious
9t8cCYDytAA-00054-00015751-00016172 example here's two statements a rose by
9t8cCYDytAA-00055-00016173-00016377 any other name would smell just as sweet
9t8cCYDytAA-00056-00016378-00016767 and what chemical compounds cause roses
9t8cCYDytAA-00057-00016768-00017087 to smell sweet well obviously the first
9t8cCYDytAA-00058-00017088-00017405 one is not science it's actually a quote
9t8cCYDytAA-00059-00017406-00017646 from Shakespeare but it really involves
9t8cCYDytAA-00060-00017647-00017897 a philosophy about the world and we can
9t8cCYDytAA-00061-00017898-00018083 learn a lot and think about that
9t8cCYDytAA-00062-00018084-00018300 statement to help us understand our
9t8cCYDytAA-00063-00018301-00018561 lives better but if you want to actually
9t8cCYDytAA-00064-00018562-00018792 make a perfume that smells like roses
9t8cCYDytAA-00065-00018793-00018927 you have to actually dig in a little
9t8cCYDytAA-00066-00018928-00019122 deeper and figure out the chemical
9t8cCYDytAA-00067-00019123-00019355 compounds that causes roses to smell
9t8cCYDytAA-00068-00019356-00019578 sweet and that would be done with
9t8cCYDytAA-00069-00019579-00020108 science now here's another example is
9t8cCYDytAA-00070-00020109-00020325 spending time in nature good for your
9t8cCYDytAA-00071-00020326-00020762 soul well we can measure time but we
9t8cCYDytAA-00072-00020763-00020987 can't measure our soul so that would
9t8cCYDytAA-00073-00020988-00021249 have to be non science because the soul
9t8cCYDytAA-00074-00021250-00021509 is not a natural part of our world that
9t8cCYDytAA-00075-00021510-00021693 would be considered a supernatural part
9t8cCYDytAA-00076-00021694-00021959 of our world but you could
9t8cCYDytAA-00077-00021960-00022200 scientifically measure how does time
9t8cCYDytAA-00078-00022201-00022425 spent in nature affect a person's blood
9t8cCYDytAA-00079-00022426-00022721 pressure so we're measuring something
9t8cCYDytAA-00080-00022722-00023121 here now very specific so how does it
9t8cCYDytAA-00081-00023122-00023336 affect our blood pressure as opposed to
9t8cCYDytAA-00082-00023337-00023652 how does it affect our soul now let's
9t8cCYDytAA-00083-00023653-00023834 take this example just a little bit
9t8cCYDytAA-00084-00023835-00023965 deeper
9t8cCYDytAA-00085-00023966-00024258 what kind of hypothesis could we put
9t8cCYDytAA-00086-00024259-00024611 forward about nature and blood pressure
9t8cCYDytAA-00087-00024612-00024914 well I great a lot of science fairs at
9t8cCYDytAA-00088-00024915-00025100 the lower levels and a lot of time I'll
9t8cCYDytAA-00089-00025101-00025311 see a very simple statement like more
9t8cCYDytAA-00090-00025312-00025589 time in nature lowers blood pressure and
9t8cCYDytAA-00091-00025590-00025844 that's a good starting point for an
9t8cCYDytAA-00092-00025845-00026162 investigation and if that were true you
9t8cCYDytAA-00093-00026163-00026454 might then move on to say well I'm going
9t8cCYDytAA-00094-00026455-00026597 to hypothesize that
9t8cCYDytAA-00095-00026598-00026852 spending one hour in nature will result
9t8cCYDytAA-00096-00026852-00027131 in a resting blood pressure drop of at
9t8cCYDytAA-00097-00027132-00027392 least 10% compared to spending one hour
9t8cCYDytAA-00098-00027393-00027710 in an urban setting and depending on
9t8cCYDytAA-00099-00027711-00027902 what you get from that you have to
9t8cCYDytAA-00100-00027902-00028154 consider very carefully how did I
9t8cCYDytAA-00101-00028155-00028547 control my experiment did I measure the
9t8cCYDytAA-00102-00028548-00028883 same person at the same time of day what
9t8cCYDytAA-00103-00028883-00029095 were they doing in nature versus what
9t8cCYDytAA-00104-00029097-00029294 were they doing in an urban setting and
9t8cCYDytAA-00105-00029295-00029537 make sure that our experiment is really
9t8cCYDytAA-00106-00029538-00029758 well designed to be able to measure
9t8cCYDytAA-00107-00029760-00030011 those things and then you're probably
9t8cCYDytAA-00108-00030012-00030173 going to end up getting a lot of related
9t8cCYDytAA-00109-00030174-00030485 questions like does it matter what age
9t8cCYDytAA-00110-00030486-00030794 or gender the person is does it matter
9t8cCYDytAA-00111-00030795-00030992 what they were doing when they were in
9t8cCYDytAA-00112-00030993-00031508 nature does the effect last for a little
9t8cCYDytAA-00113-00031508-00031799 while or a long while can you get the
9t8cCYDytAA-00114-00031800-00031988 same effect just by looking at pictures
9t8cCYDytAA-00115-00031989-00032366 of natural settings so science again
9t8cCYDytAA-00116-00032367-00032614 becomes a fuller richer process that
9t8cCYDytAA-00117-00032616-00032777 involves more than just a single
9t8cCYDytAA-00118-00032778-00033194 question in a single hypothesis now
9t8cCYDytAA-00119-00033195-00033548 here's another example bear with me here
9t8cCYDytAA-00120-00033549-00034040 do extraterrestrial aliens exist now
9t8cCYDytAA-00121-00034041-00034181 some of you might look at this question
9t8cCYDytAA-00122-00034182-00034367 immediately say well no that's not
9t8cCYDytAA-00123-00034368-00034844 scientific it could be it depends on how
9t8cCYDytAA-00124-00034845-00035231 we approach this question in science we
9t8cCYDytAA-00125-00035232-00035510 have to follow the evidence what
9t8cCYDytAA-00126-00035511-00035831 evidence do we have for extraterrestrial
9t8cCYDytAA-00127-00035832-00036074 aliens what would that evidence look
9t8cCYDytAA-00128-00036075-00036293 like how would we determine whether
9t8cCYDytAA-00129-00036294-00036610 something is extraterrestrial or not and
9t8cCYDytAA-00130-00036611-00036889 then we have to recognize the limits
9t8cCYDytAA-00131-00036890-00037217 when I say exist does that mean anywhere
9t8cCYDytAA-00132-00037218-00037412 in the universe or just doesn't exist
9t8cCYDytAA-00133-00037413-00037607 the places I've looked at have I looked
9t8cCYDytAA-00134-00037608-00038099 hard enough etc now recognizing that you
9t8cCYDytAA-00135-00038100-00038282 could put forward a reasonable
9t8cCYDytAA-00136-00038283-00038609 hypothesis such as within our solar
9t8cCYDytAA-00137-00038610-00038837 system there does not seem to be any
9t8cCYDytAA-00138-00038838-00039165 evidence for extraterrestrial aliens
9t8cCYDytAA-00139-00039166-00039564 but then you have to keep testing now at
9t8cCYDytAA-00140-00039565-00039774 some point when there's been no evidence
9t8cCYDytAA-00141-00039775-00040071 for extraterrestrial aliens anywhere in
9t8cCYDytAA-00142-00040072-00040296 our solar system for a long time
9t8cCYDytAA-00143-00040297-00040578 most scientists would say I'm going to
9t8cCYDytAA-00144-00040579-00040800 put forward the hypothesis that no they
9t8cCYDytAA-00145-00040801-00041013 don't exist and I'm not going to worry
9t8cCYDytAA-00146-00041014-00041241 about it anymore but science allows
9t8cCYDytAA-00147-00041242-00041505 other people to continue testing coming
9t8cCYDytAA-00148-00041506-00041676 up with new observations and new
9t8cCYDytAA-00149-00041677-00041940 experiments they could do and if for
9t8cCYDytAA-00150-00041941-00042123 some reason one of those experiments
9t8cCYDytAA-00151-00042124-00042354 which was shown to be well controlled in
9t8cCYDytAA-00152-00042355-00042600 a quality experiment gave us new
9t8cCYDytAA-00153-00042601-00042846 evidence then we'd have to revise our
9t8cCYDytAA-00154-00042847-00043086 possibility and say maybe they do exist
9t8cCYDytAA-00155-00043087-00043797 that leads us into pseudo science which
9t8cCYDytAA-00156-00043798-00044040 is something that presents itself as
9t8cCYDytAA-00157-00044041-00044361 scientific but doesn't follow the
9t8cCYDytAA-00158-00044362-00044733 process or is missing key elements so
9t8cCYDytAA-00159-00044734-00044859 there are people out there who
9t8cCYDytAA-00160-00044860-00045135 regardless of how much evidence or non
9t8cCYDytAA-00161-00045136-00045452 evidence that we found regarding aliens
9t8cCYDytAA-00162-00045453-00045801 refused to put forward a reasonable
9t8cCYDytAA-00163-00045802-00046074 hypothesis or refused to change their
9t8cCYDytAA-00164-00046075-00046275 opinions based on the information that
9t8cCYDytAA-00165-00046276-00046566 we've seen and that's when it crosses
9t8cCYDytAA-00166-00046567-00046803 into pseudoscience and while I don't
9t8cCYDytAA-00167-00046804-00047160 have a value judgement about non science
9t8cCYDytAA-00168-00047161-00047358 I do have a problem with things
9t8cCYDytAA-00169-00047359-00047655 presenting themselves as scientific when
9t8cCYDytAA-00170-00047656-00047943 they don't follow it some of the main
9t8cCYDytAA-00171-00047944-00048135 things that happen are when something is
9t8cCYDytAA-00172-00048136-00048465 not actually testable when it's not
9t8cCYDytAA-00173-00048466-00048696 reproducible they claim that they've
9t8cCYDytAA-00174-00048697-00048885 done an experiment and found a result
9t8cCYDytAA-00175-00048886-00049041 but no one else can repeat that
9t8cCYDytAA-00176-00049042-00049248 experiment and get their results and
9t8cCYDytAA-00177-00049249-00049548 then the last one is when people refuse
9t8cCYDytAA-00178-00049549-00049824 to revise their hypothesis based on
9t8cCYDytAA-00179-00049825-00050076 additional information the results of
9t8cCYDytAA-00180-00050077-00050349 the experiments that's when something
9t8cCYDytAA-00181-00050350-00050814 goes into being a pseudoscience now I
9t8cCYDytAA-00182-00050815-00051000 could spend a lot more time talking
9t8cCYDytAA-00183-00051001-00051219 about science versus non science but
9t8cCYDytAA-00184-00051220-00051365 we're gonna leave this here for now
9t8cCYDytAA-00185-00051366-00051627 again my students will have an activity
9t8cCYDytAA-00186-00051628-00051915 to complete about science versus non
9t8cCYDytAA-00187-00051916-00052107 science and you'll find the details of
9t8cCYDytAA-00188-00052108-00052428 that on blackboard
9toR5R0gUp8-00000-00000008-00000271 hi it's john from truvie cars and today
9toR5R0gUp8-00001-00000272-00000478 i have seven tips to help you pass your
9toR5R0gUp8-00002-00000479-00000630 road test exam
9toR5R0gUp8-00003-00000631-00000894 number one is uh and these aren't any
9toR5R0gUp8-00004-00000896-00001103 particular order get some training from
9toR5R0gUp8-00005-00001104-00001287 a professional okay even if you just
9toR5R0gUp8-00006-00001288-00001439 take a couple lessons maybe you're a
9toR5R0gUp8-00007-00001440-00001695 pretty experienced driver
9toR5R0gUp8-00008-00001696-00001951 getting some tips from a professional
9toR5R0gUp8-00009-00001952-00002110 driving instructor will really really
9toR5R0gUp8-00010-00002111-00002199 help
9toR5R0gUp8-00011-00002200-00002367 number two practice
9toR5R0gUp8-00012-00002368-00002623 practice is the best thing to help you
9toR5R0gUp8-00013-00002624-00002839 get over the natural anxiety that you
9toR5R0gUp8-00014-00002840-00003079 all have when you're doing any test so
9toR5R0gUp8-00015-00003080-00003222 the more you practice the more
9toR5R0gUp8-00016-00003223-00003438 confidence you will build
9toR5R0gUp8-00017-00003439-00003567 number three
9toR5R0gUp8-00018-00003568-00003735 get used to whatever vehicle you're
9toR5R0gUp8-00019-00003736-00003975 going to use on your road test okay the
9toR5R0gUp8-00020-00003976-00004119 last thing you want to do is have it
9toR5R0gUp8-00021-00004120-00004391 rain or snow and you can't figure out
9toR5R0gUp8-00022-00004392-00004543 how the windshield wipers work so make
9toR5R0gUp8-00023-00004544-00004686 sure that you practice
9toR5R0gUp8-00024-00004687-00004822 uh on the vehicle that you're going to
9toR5R0gUp8-00025-00004823-00004959 use
9toR5R0gUp8-00026-00004960-00005095 number
9toR5R0gUp8-00027-00005096-00005238 four
9toR5R0gUp8-00028-00005239-00005463 the day before your road test check out
9toR5R0gUp8-00029-00005464-00005599 your vehicle make sure all the
9toR5R0gUp8-00030-00005600-00005775 headlights the horn and everything are
9toR5R0gUp8-00031-00005776-00006015 working and if not get them fixed
9toR5R0gUp8-00032-00006016-00006263 if you have a tail light or a headlight
9toR5R0gUp8-00033-00006264-00006478 or something like that burnt out
9toR5R0gUp8-00034-00006479-00006623 you will
9toR5R0gUp8-00035-00006623-00006855 the the drive test will mark you out of
9toR5R0gUp8-00036-00006856-00006983 service
9toR5R0gUp8-00037-00006984-00007334 they'll take half of your money and
9toR5R0gUp8-00038-00007336-00007567 they will make you reschedule which at
9toR5R0gUp8-00039-00007568-00007806 this point could be a while
9toR5R0gUp8-00040-00007808-00008055 be familiar with the area you don't have
9toR5R0gUp8-00041-00008056-00008231 to memorize test routes you don't have
9toR5R0gUp8-00042-00008232-00008391 to go on test routes but be familiar
9toR5R0gUp8-00043-00008392-00008551 with the area especially if you're
9toR5R0gUp8-00044-00008552-00008783 traveling to do your road test so if you
9toR5R0gUp8-00045-00008784-00009039 live in toronto or something and you're
9toR5R0gUp8-00046-00009040-00009255 going to let's say north bay it'd be
9toR5R0gUp8-00047-00009256-00009391 good to arrive there maybe the day
9toR5R0gUp8-00048-00009392-00009574 before and drive around because
9toR5R0gUp8-00049-00009575-00009703 sometimes
9toR5R0gUp8-00050-00009704-00009919 different cities do things differently
9toR5R0gUp8-00051-00009920-00010087 okay they may have different types of
9toR5R0gUp8-00052-00010088-00010319 traffic lights they may have different
9toR5R0gUp8-00053-00010320-00010510 ways of doing things okay so make sure
9toR5R0gUp8-00054-00010511-00010720 that you're familiar with that stuff
9toR5R0gUp8-00055-00010721-00010831 [Music]
9toR5R0gUp8-00056-00010832-00011031 next one would be don't tell everyone
9toR5R0gUp8-00057-00011032-00011167 that you know that you're going on a
9toR5R0gUp8-00058-00011168-00011303 road test
9toR5R0gUp8-00059-00011304-00011495 that just makes things worse if you
9toR5R0gUp8-00060-00011496-00011727 aren't successful and also
9toR5R0gUp8-00061-00011728-00011919 uh will end up making you more nervous
9toR5R0gUp8-00062-00011920-00012151 because yes getting your license is
9toR5R0gUp8-00063-00012152-00012374 important but when you tell everybody it
9toR5R0gUp8-00064-00012375-00012542 becomes even more and more important i
9toR5R0gUp8-00065-00012543-00012719 don't make a lot of plans and things
9toR5R0gUp8-00066-00012720-00012943 like that you know the the day of you
9toR5R0gUp8-00067-00012944-00013151 getting your road test the best thing is
9toR5R0gUp8-00068-00013152-00013327 pass your road test and then tell
9toR5R0gUp8-00069-00013328-00013591 everybody that you got your license okay
9toR5R0gUp8-00070-00013591-00013943 try to remain calm easier said than done
9toR5R0gUp8-00071-00013944-00014063 but
9toR5R0gUp8-00072-00014063-00014319 i just had a son who went on a road test
9toR5R0gUp8-00073-00014319-00014527 and i said to him this is probably not
9toR5R0gUp8-00074-00014528-00014783 the hardest thing you ever did and he
9toR5R0gUp8-00075-00014784-00014966 said to me yeah you know he got a black
9toR5R0gUp8-00076-00014968-00015135 belt karate one time and that test
9toR5R0gUp8-00077-00015136-00015366 lasted well over an hour
9toR5R0gUp8-00078-00015368-00015583 so once i told him that he thought yeah
9toR5R0gUp8-00079-00015584-00015711 this isn't going to be the hardest thing
9toR5R0gUp8-00080-00015712-00015927 i've ever done and i could see in his
9toR5R0gUp8-00081-00015928-00016191 eyes that he calmed down a bit so think
9toR5R0gUp8-00082-00016191-00016319 about it there's probably something in
9toR5R0gUp8-00083-00016319-00016415 your life
9toR5R0gUp8-00084-00016416-00016655 that has been much more of a challenge
9toR5R0gUp8-00085-00016656-00016975 than than taking a road test okay so
9toR5R0gUp8-00086-00016976-00017135 hope those tips help
9toR5R0gUp8-00087-00017136-00017572 i'm john from trivia cars drive safe
9vK0jNngwPy-00000-00000720-00002807 jesus christ
9vK0jNngwPy-00001-00002808-00003367 spike down b
9vK0jNngwPy-00002-00003368-00003822 spike down b
9vK0jNngwPy-00003-00003823-00004254 i have the spike
9vK0jNngwPy-00004-00004255-00005391 the front
9vK0jNngwPy-00005-00005392-00005806 one enemy remaining
9vK0jNngwPy-00006-00005807-00007855 hmm
9vK0jNngwPy-00007-00007856-00008278 you will not kill my allies
9vK0jNngwPy-00008-00008279-00009678 party's over
9vK0jNngwPy-00009-00009679-00010638 dude i'm cracked
9vK0jNngwPy-00010-00010639-00011283 30 seconds
9vK0jNngwPy-00011-00011284-00011599 left one enemy remaining
9vK0jNngwPy-00012-00011600-00013271 spike down ah
9vK0jNngwPy-00013-00013272-00013615 spike down a
9vK0jNngwPy-00014-00013616-00015166 night
9vK0jNngwPy-00015-00015168-00017839 locking site
9vK0jNngwPy-00016-00017840-00018119 let's go my boy
9vK0jNngwPy-00017-00018120-00018230 this is the
9vK0jNngwPy-00018-00018231-00018558 battle pass uh ghost
9vK0jNngwPy-00019-00018559-00018807 it looks super nice actually
9vK0jNngwPy-00020-00018808-00019127 this is from a japanese painting i think
9vK0jNngwPy-00021-00019128-00019367 from way long ago i think
9vK0jNngwPy-00022-00019368-00019543 i forgot the name
9vK0jNngwPy-00023-00019544-00020319 but it looks dope
9vK0jNngwPy-00024-00020320-00022319 spike down
9vK0jNngwPy-00025-00022320-00023239 blocking site
9vK0jNngwPy-00026-00023240-00025078 last player standing
9vK0jNngwPy-00027-00025079-00026727 attackers win
9vK0jNngwPy-00028-00026727-00026870 no charges left
9vK0jNngwPy-00029-00026872-00027111 last player standing
9vK0jNngwPy-00031-00030408-00032358 one enemy remaining
9vK0jNngwPy-00032-00032360-00032918 30 seconds left
9vK0jNngwPy-00033-00032919-00033239 one enemy remaining
9vK0jNngwPy-00034-00033240-00034068 last one down
9vK0jNngwPy-00035-00034069-00034351 [Music]
9vK0jNngwPy-00036-00034352-00034920 multiple targets
9vK0jNngwPy-00037-00034921-00035383 [Music]
9vK0jNngwPy-00038-00035384-00037911 for yours
9vK0jNngwPy-00039-00037912-00040007 friends
9vK0jNngwPy-00040-00040008-00040207 spikes down
9vK0jNngwPy-00041-00040208-00041815 spike down
9vK0jNngwPy-00042-00041816-00042630 dead
9vK0jNngwPy-00043-00042631-00044862 finished
9vK0jNngwPy-00044-00044863-00046311 is
9vK0jNngwPy-00045-00046312-00046518 claw through them i wonder what this
9vK0jNngwPy-00046-00046519-00047646 radio is saying boys
9vK0jNngwPy-00047-00047647-00048223 last player standing
9vK0jNngwPy-00048-00048224-00048790 spike planted
9vK0jNngwPy-00049-00048791-00050495 one enemy remaining
9vK0jNngwPy-00050-00050496-00053182 spike down midnight
9vK0jNngwPy-00051-00053183-00054879 mid
9vK0jNngwPy-00052-00054879-00055366 survivors rest
9vK0jNngwPy-00053-00055367-00056030 fight planted
9vK0jNngwPy-00054-00056032-00056789 last player standing
9vK0jNngwPy-00055-00056790-00057238 [Music]
9vK0jNngwPy-00056-00057239-00059350 three souls
9vK0jNngwPy-00057-00059351-00059654 what type of flower is this
9vK0jNngwPy-00058-00059655-00059799 this purple one do you guys know what
9vK0jNngwPy-00059-00059800-00060248 type of flowers is
9vK0jNngwPy-00060-00060249-00061872 [Music]
9w5QC4fVhOU-00000-00000008-00000103 know
9w5QC4fVhOU-00001-00000104-00000311 i know you're a very passionate person
9w5QC4fVhOU-00002-00000312-00000574 um and i know that you've gone to great
9w5QC4fVhOU-00003-00000575-00000743 lengths sometimes to get in front of
9w5QC4fVhOU-00004-00000744-00000975 people to get your to get your brand in
9w5QC4fVhOU-00005-00000976-00001158 front of people or to get certain pieces
9w5QC4fVhOU-00006-00001159-00001366 in front of people do you have any any
9w5QC4fVhOU-00007-00001367-00001550 stories that you can share of like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00008-00001551-00001839 situations where you got an opportunity
9w5QC4fVhOU-00009-00001839-00002079 to work with somebody because
9w5QC4fVhOU-00010-00002080-00002342 you you know rushed a deadline or or did
9w5QC4fVhOU-00011-00002343-00002542 something out of the ordinary to make
9w5QC4fVhOU-00012-00002543-00002734 that connection happen a couple years
9w5QC4fVhOU-00013-00002735-00002950 ago me and my assistant were like just
9w5QC4fVhOU-00014-00002951-00003134 wrapping up the day it was like 9 00 p.m
9w5QC4fVhOU-00015-00003135-00003319 we were at my studio which uh was
9w5QC4fVhOU-00016-00003320-00003583 downtown denver um shimino happened to
9w5QC4fVhOU-00017-00003584-00003775 be in town i didn't even know really
9w5QC4fVhOU-00018-00003776-00003967 wasn't even too familiar with his music
9w5QC4fVhOU-00019-00003968-00004167 i think i had known one song but i
9w5QC4fVhOU-00020-00004168-00004399 really liked his his style and his image
9w5QC4fVhOU-00021-00004400-00004583 and so um
9w5QC4fVhOU-00022-00004584-00004695 you know i had learned this from
9w5QC4fVhOU-00023-00004696-00004854 hypnotic actually shout out hypnotic
9w5QC4fVhOU-00024-00004855-00005086 hypnotic always encouraged me to like dm
9w5QC4fVhOU-00025-00005087-00005279 10 people a day just kind of bring in
9w5QC4fVhOU-00026-00005280-00005454 some kind of value not necessarily
9w5QC4fVhOU-00027-00005455-00005606 asking and that's something i would
9w5QC4fVhOU-00028-00005607-00005815 recommend don't always ask for things
9w5QC4fVhOU-00029-00005816-00005943 from people when you are having a
9w5QC4fVhOU-00030-00005944-00006159 conversation with a celebrity or someone
9w5QC4fVhOU-00031-00006160-00006334 you want to work with don't ask but you
9w5QC4fVhOU-00032-00006335-00006663 know bring value first and so um
9w5QC4fVhOU-00033-00006664-00006895 shmino uh was in denver he was like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00034-00006895-00007127 three minutes down the street at a venue
9w5QC4fVhOU-00035-00007128-00007359 um and i was like hey like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00036-00007359-00007519 before we leave tonight like let's just
9w5QC4fVhOU-00037-00007520-00007774 dm every person that is with him tonight
9w5QC4fVhOU-00038-00007775-00007942 and see if we can get him a jacket like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00039-00007943-00008199 just literally like nonchalant had no
9w5QC4fVhOU-00040-00008200-00008446 idea it was gonna work and um like two
9w5QC4fVhOU-00041-00008447-00008663 minutes later his uh the guy that was
9w5QC4fVhOU-00042-00008664-00008774 with him i don't know if it was his
9w5QC4fVhOU-00043-00008775-00008871 friend
9w5QC4fVhOU-00044-00008872-00009078 or who it was but he responded was like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00045-00009079-00009255 yeah absolutely i sent him some photos
9w5QC4fVhOU-00046-00009256-00009463 of the jackets that i currently had it's
9w5QC4fVhOU-00047-00009464-00009646 like hey i'd love to you know
9w5QC4fVhOU-00048-00009647-00009846 dress you for the show tonight
9w5QC4fVhOU-00049-00009847-00009983 they like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00050-00009984-00010127 responded within two minutes they were
9w5QC4fVhOU-00051-00010128-00010335 like can you get here in five minutes we
9w5QC4fVhOU-00052-00010336-00010614 made it happen again uh preparation
9w5QC4fVhOU-00053-00010615-00010759 meets opportunity
9w5QC4fVhOU-00054-00010760-00010991 um ran out the door had all the stuff
9w5QC4fVhOU-00055-00010992-00011174 ready you know
9w5QC4fVhOU-00056-00011175-00011527 and uh normally you know being a girl
9w5QC4fVhOU-00057-00011528-00011678 who's a wardrobe stylist who's supposed
9w5QC4fVhOU-00058-00011679-00011887 to look the part i wasn't ready like i
9w5QC4fVhOU-00059-00011888-00012119 was chilling that day and so i normally
9w5QC4fVhOU-00060-00012120-00012246 would have let that stop me and be like
9w5QC4fVhOU-00061-00012247-00012383 oh i don't want to meet shmino like this
9w5QC4fVhOU-00062-00012384-00012710 but i didn't i just went um made it work
9w5QC4fVhOU-00063-00012711-00012894 and uh
9w5QC4fVhOU-00064-00012895-00013086 they actually pushed the show back so
9w5QC4fVhOU-00065-00013087-00013366 that they could um get a jacket from us
9w5QC4fVhOU-00066-00013368-00013511 and uh
9w5QC4fVhOU-00067-00013512-00013703 it was cool so i ended up giving him a
9w5QC4fVhOU-00068-00013704-00013919 jacket and he also purchased the jacket
9w5QC4fVhOU-00069-00013919-00014271 and um you know just it was amazing uh
9w5QC4fVhOU-00070-00014272-00014503 very cool guy and uh
9w5QC4fVhOU-00071-00014504-00014647 very cool people that he was with
9w5QC4fVhOU-00072-00014647-00014807 friends and
9w5QC4fVhOU-00073-00014808-00015038 yeah it worked so
9w5QC4fVhOU-00074-00015040-00015215 you know you never know
9w5QC4fVhOU-00075-00015216-00015358 how it's gonna work but as long as
9w5QC4fVhOU-00076-00015359-00015543 you're ready for it to work is the most
9w5QC4fVhOU-00077-00015544-00015784 important part
9xy9oaIarkg-00000-00000008-00000569 hey guys it's me I just kind of wanted
9xy9oaIarkg-00001-00000570-00001279 to give my my thoughts and impressions
9xy9oaIarkg-00002-00001280-00001829 and how I felt about yesterday at the
9xy9oaIarkg-00003-00001830-00002129 Garlic Festival what happened so to kind
9xy9oaIarkg-00004-00002130-00002513 of run it down for you guys woke up
9xy9oaIarkg-00005-00002514-00003056 early for me about 9:00 and got you know
9xy9oaIarkg-00006-00003057-00003425 dressed and everything and said bye to
9xy9oaIarkg-00007-00003426-00003851 my friend Emily and cadence and I got on
9xy9oaIarkg-00008-00003852-00004247 the road about 10 o'clock and got there
9xy9oaIarkg-00009-00004248-00004949 around it's like 11:30 ish and my
9xy9oaIarkg-00010-00004950-00005320 friends mommy and her fiance bill were
9xy9oaIarkg-00011-00005321-00005620 not far behind us well we got there
9xy9oaIarkg-00012-00005621-00005877 another 20 minutes after us I'd say
9xy9oaIarkg-00013-00005878-00006481 around noon same noon and hung out there
9xy9oaIarkg-00014-00006483-00006835 for a solid like three and a half four
9xy9oaIarkg-00015-00006836-00007460 hours maybe and some change over 4
9xy9oaIarkg-00016-00007461-00007713 and had a good time we had a we had a
9xy9oaIarkg-00017-00007714-00007884 really good time and had some good food
9xy9oaIarkg-00018-00007884-00008117 and some good laughs and some good
9xy9oaIarkg-00019-00008118-00008274 memories and got a couple good pictures
9xy9oaIarkg-00020-00008275-00008583 which I didn't hear I might not haven't
9xy9oaIarkg-00021-00008584-00008735 decided depending on how I feel when I
9xy9oaIarkg-00022-00008736-00009087 put this together yeah it's a really
9xy9oaIarkg-00023-00009088-00009371 positive experiences and talk to some
9xy9oaIarkg-00024-00009372-00009516 really cool vendors some really cool
9xy9oaIarkg-00025-00009517-00010049 people really cool it's really good vibe
9xy9oaIarkg-00026-00010050-00010398 while we were there and you know after a
9xy9oaIarkg-00027-00010399-00010560 while I was just really hot I got really
9xy9oaIarkg-00028-00010561-00010769 really sunburned even though I applied
9xy9oaIarkg-00029-00010770-00011244 50,000 coats of sunscreen hundred SPF
9xy9oaIarkg-00030-00011245-00011619 sunscreen and so cadence and I were both
9xy9oaIarkg-00031-00011620-00011838 getting a little weird because of our
9xy9oaIarkg-00032-00011839-00012255 sunburns and and whatnot so we decided
9xy9oaIarkg-00033-00012256-00012617 to leave around four-ish
9xy9oaIarkg-00034-00012618-00012974 somewhere in there and mommy and Bill
9xy9oaIarkg-00035-00012975-00013185 left about to my knowledge about 30
9xy9oaIarkg-00036-00013186-00013881 minutes after to my knowledge the Wow
9xy9oaIarkg-00037-00013882-00014052 looking at the time of recording that's
9xy9oaIarkg-00038-00014053-00014352 actually almost exactly one day go to
9xy9oaIarkg-00039-00014353-00014658 the minute lead from what I read it was
9xy9oaIarkg-00040-00014659-00015091 like 541 so you know we were there
9xy9oaIarkg-00041-00015093-00015578 like before all this happened and you
9xy9oaIarkg-00042-00015579-00015933 know I'm driving home get home I got
9xy9oaIarkg-00043-00015934-00016531 home 20 minutes before it happened
9xy9oaIarkg-00044-00016532-00016853 something like that so I get in my house
9xy9oaIarkg-00045-00016854-00017052 and you know get situated and I put
9xy9oaIarkg-00046-00017053-00017322 stuff down and you know get out of the
9xy9oaIarkg-00047-00017323-00017490 clothes I was in because they're you
9xy9oaIarkg-00048-00017491-00017655 know dirty and sweaty and whatnot and
9xy9oaIarkg-00049-00017656-00017855 throw those in the hamper and get some
9xy9oaIarkg-00050-00017856-00018005 new clothes on and cadance and I started
9xy9oaIarkg-00051-00018006-00018183 making dinner and our plan was to use
9xy9oaIarkg-00052-00018184-00018465 some of the black garlic that we got at
9xy9oaIarkg-00053-00018466-00018672 the Gilroy Garlic Festival we had this
9xy9oaIarkg-00054-00018673-00018834 good time and cadance not been before
9xy9oaIarkg-00055-00018835-00019103 and I've been with many other friends
9xy9oaIarkg-00056-00019104-00019374 before my buddies Justin Murphy Josh
9xy9oaIarkg-00057-00019375-00019800 love chance quite a few different
9xy9oaIarkg-00058-00019801-00020006 friends I've gone to the festival with
9xy9oaIarkg-00059-00020007-00020136 Emily
9xy9oaIarkg-00060-00020137-00020700 and obviously I you know after getting
9xy9oaIarkg-00061-00020701-00021319 home or we're starting cooking and my
9xy9oaIarkg-00062-00021320-00022044 phone starts blowing up and people that
9xy9oaIarkg-00063-00022045-00022209 I haven't talked to in a long time start
9xy9oaIarkg-00064-00022210-00022497 calling me texting me Facebook messaging
9xy9oaIarkg-00065-00022498-00022812 me hey are you okay are you okay are you
9xy9oaIarkg-00066-00022813-00023242 okay and I was like you know yeah fine
9xy9oaIarkg-00067-00023243-00023536 why and my sister finally told me she
9xy9oaIarkg-00068-00023537-00023747 said hey are you okay and I was like
9xy9oaIarkg-00069-00023748-00024150 yeah why do you ask there was a shooting
9xy9oaIarkg-00070-00024151-00024286 at the Garlic Festival
9xy9oaIarkg-00071-00024287-00024684 I was like wait what yeah there was a
9xy9oaIarkg-00072-00024685-00024837 shooting at the Garlic Festival an
9xy9oaIarkg-00073-00024838-00024972 active shooting that's still happening
9xy9oaIarkg-00074-00024973-00025287 right now and I was like what the hell
9xy9oaIarkg-00075-00025288-00025545 did you just say you know you're you
9xy9oaIarkg-00076-00025546-00026008 don't you see it on TV you see oh there
9xy9oaIarkg-00077-00026008-00026271 was a shooting sadly that we've become
9xy9oaIarkg-00078-00026272-00026557 so desensitized to all these shootings
9xy9oaIarkg-00079-00026558-00026764 because they happen so [__] often
9xy9oaIarkg-00080-00026764-00027199 nowadays and basically anywhere you
9xy9oaIarkg-00081-00027200-00027505 become desensitized to it all and it
9xy9oaIarkg-00082-00027506-00027864 sucks because you don't want to become
9xy9oaIarkg-00083-00027865-00028290 desensitized to something like that but
9xy9oaIarkg-00084-00028291-00028783 you know to an extent we have and so you
9xy9oaIarkg-00085-00028783-00028999 know I started yeah me Dee Utley in
9xy9oaIarkg-00086-00029000-00029170 between people calling and texting me
9xy9oaIarkg-00087-00029170-00029377 I'm looking at what's going on and
9xy9oaIarkg-00088-00029377-00029635 people 11 people were shot at the time
9xy9oaIarkg-00089-00029636-00030232 and it really scared me it really did
9xy9oaIarkg-00090-00030233-00030420 I'm still it's a day later and I'm still
9xy9oaIarkg-00091-00030421-00030736 like I feel like a weird chill down my
9xy9oaIarkg-00092-00030737-00030999 spine and I feel like I don't know it
9xy9oaIarkg-00093-00031000-00031483 she I guess she feel weird and you never
9xy9oaIarkg-00094-00031483-00031683 think it's gonna happen someone that you
9xy9oaIarkg-00095-00031684-00031983 literally just were your feet were
9xy9oaIarkg-00096-00031984-00032318 walking on the same [__] grass that
9xy9oaIarkg-00097-00032319-00032848 this horrific person did this stuff your
9xy9oaIarkg-00098-00032849-00032986 feet were walking on the same grass
9xy9oaIarkg-00099-00032987-00033189 where a six-year-old was just shot and
9xy9oaIarkg-00100-00033190-00033470 killed six years old
9xy9oaIarkg-00101-00033471-00033671 that could have been my ten-year-old you
9xy9oaIarkg-00102-00033672-00034296 know what I mean like if I woke up an
9xy9oaIarkg-00103-00034297-00034583 hour later if I decided to wake up at
9xy9oaIarkg-00104-00034584-00034835 10:00 which is usually when I wake up
9xy9oaIarkg-00105-00034836-00034999 when I have the opportunity to hi enjoy
9xy9oaIarkg-00106-00035000-00035336 my sleep if I decided to wake up at
9xy9oaIarkg-00107-00035337-00035630 10:00 instead of 9:00 I might not be
9xy9oaIarkg-00108-00035631-00035935 here making this recording right now or
9xy9oaIarkg-00109-00035936-00036149 something could happen to cadence or
9xy9oaIarkg-00110-00036150-00036899 mommy or bill or you know it's scary and
9xy9oaIarkg-00111-00036900-00037237 in the same token it also kind of made
9xy9oaIarkg-00112-00037238-00037514 me realize how depressed I've been
9xy9oaIarkg-00113-00037515-00037768 because seeing people reach out to me
9xy9oaIarkg-00114-00037769-00038102 and ask hey are you okay are you okay
9xy9oaIarkg-00115-00038103-00038375 I honestly lately have just felt like no
9xy9oaIarkg-00116-00038376-00038527 one cares about me
9xy9oaIarkg-00117-00038528-00038827 no one cares about my youtube stuff my
9xy9oaIarkg-00118-00038828-00039143 twitch stuff my well-being my presence
9xy9oaIarkg-00119-00039144-00039323 no one you know I don't feel like you
9xy9oaIarkg-00120-00039324-00039721 know what advise me of things and it's
9xy9oaIarkg-00121-00039722-00040283 just hardening you know I'm not saying
9xy9oaIarkg-00122-00040284-00040448 you know I'm right or wrong and people
9xy9oaIarkg-00123-00040449-00040682 have her haven't invited me or you know
9xy9oaIarkg-00124-00040683-00040912 guaranteed some people haven't some
9xy9oaIarkg-00125-00040913-00041402 people have obviously but I just feel
9xy9oaIarkg-00126-00041403-00041627 really lonely and I felt really down and
9xy9oaIarkg-00127-00041628-00041843 I fell really depressed so having people
9xy9oaIarkg-00128-00041844-00042035 actually reach out to me and make sure
9xy9oaIarkg-00129-00042036-00042320 that I was okay actually meant a lot and
9xy9oaIarkg-00130-00042321-00042539 my buddy Jamil who I went to high school
9xy9oaIarkg-00131-00042540-00042893 with said something that really struck a
9xy9oaIarkg-00132-00042894-00043448 chord with me and kind of made me have a
9xy9oaIarkg-00133-00043449-00043682 little resolve in all this for myself
9xy9oaIarkg-00134-00043683-00043900 that
9xy9oaIarkg-00135-00043901-00044138 there are people who care about me and
9xy9oaIarkg-00136-00044139-00044474 there are people who that I make smile
9xy9oaIarkg-00137-00044475-00044717 and I make laughs and I make forget
9xy9oaIarkg-00138-00044718-00044894 about their problems if even just for a
9xy9oaIarkg-00139-00044895-00045173 moment and I feel like that's why I'm on
9xy9oaIarkg-00140-00045174-00045311 this earth that's why I always try and
9xy9oaIarkg-00141-00045312-00045497 joke with you guys and make you laugh is
9xy9oaIarkg-00142-00045498-00045866 I've done my whole life it's just I know
9xy9oaIarkg-00143-00045867-00046124 how it feels to hurt and feel pain and
9xy9oaIarkg-00144-00046125-00046388 be sad we have said and be angry I used
9xy9oaIarkg-00145-00046389-00046538 to have huge anger issues when I was
9xy9oaIarkg-00146-00046539-00046862 younger and for those of you that know
9xy9oaIarkg-00147-00046863-00047234 my past when I was younger with my mom
9xy9oaIarkg-00148-00047235-00047396 at one time you can understand why I
9xy9oaIarkg-00149-00047397-00047572 might have been kind of angsty and angry
9xy9oaIarkg-00150-00047573-00047816 but I don't like being now it's just so
9xy9oaIarkg-00151-00047817-00048098 exhausting and it's pointless you know
9xy9oaIarkg-00152-00048099-00048341 what I mean it's pointless doesn't help
9xy9oaIarkg-00153-00048342-00048704 anybody so if I can take that away from
9xy9oaIarkg-00154-00048705-00049031 you if even for a couple seconds with a
9xy9oaIarkg-00155-00049032-00049421 joke or an impersonation or you know
9xy9oaIarkg-00156-00049422-00049649 whatever I'm gonna try and do that
9xy9oaIarkg-00157-00049650-00050036 that's the way I was raised just do the
9xy9oaIarkg-00158-00050037-00050365 right thing be a good person so yeah
9xy9oaIarkg-00159-00050366-00050636 thank you guys for anyone who's
9xy9oaIarkg-00160-00050637-00051235 listening and prayers to everyone it
9xy9oaIarkg-00161-00051236-00051827 lost someone or or got hurt in a
9xy9oaIarkg-00162-00051828-00052096 trampling or I know a woman broke her
9xy9oaIarkg-00163-00052097-00052301 ankle trying to run people were hopping
9xy9oaIarkg-00164-00052302-00052628 fences screaming for their kids to make
9xy9oaIarkg-00165-00052629-00052867 sure they were okay or you know I really
9xy9oaIarkg-00166-00052869-00053080 hope that everyone finds their families
9xy9oaIarkg-00167-00053082-00053215 because there was a lot of people
9xy9oaIarkg-00168-00053216-00053375 because you know when something like
9xy9oaIarkg-00169-00053376-00053540 that happens everyone kind of scatters
9xy9oaIarkg-00170-00053541-00053774 and I really hope everyone finds each
9xy9oaIarkg-00171-00053775-00054260 other these shootings got to stop you
9xy9oaIarkg-00172-00054261-00054462 know
9xy9oaIarkg-00173-00054463-00054872 and I'm no politician I mean I'm not but
9xy9oaIarkg-00174-00054873-00055553 I'm a human being who feels things and I
9xy9oaIarkg-00175-00055554-00055893 don't I don't want to see that [__]
9xy9oaIarkg-00176-00055894-00056140 anymore I don't want to feel it I don't
9xy9oaIarkg-00177-00056141-00056406 want to have you guys feel it I don't
9xy9oaIarkg-00178-00056407-00056562 want my daughter to feel it you don't
9xy9oaIarkg-00179-00056563-00057141 know how it's so hard it was really hard
9xy9oaIarkg-00180-00057142-00057480 to talk to her about it and try and get
9xy9oaIarkg-00181-00057481-00057816 her to understand it there was no reason
9xy9oaIarkg-00182-00057817-00057975 this guy did this he just wanted to
9xy9oaIarkg-00183-00057976-00058344 cause as much damage as possible and she
9xy9oaIarkg-00184-00058345-00058467 can wrap her head around it and the
9xy9oaIarkg-00185-00058468-00058680 thing that's [__] up his I couldn't
9xy9oaIarkg-00186-00058681-00058966 wrap my head around either I can't
9xy9oaIarkg-00187-00058966-00059116 understand how someone could hurt a
9xy9oaIarkg-00188-00059116-00060201 six-year-old kid it's uh it's a lot it's
9xy9oaIarkg-00189-00060202-00060513 a lot to take in but I'm just glad that
9xy9oaIarkg-00190-00060514-00060681 I'm here and I'm glad that my daughter
9xy9oaIarkg-00191-00060682-00060936 is okay and I'm glad that my friends
9xy9oaIarkg-00192-00060937-00061119 mommy and Bill are okay and I'm glad
9xy9oaIarkg-00193-00061120-00061401 that some you know most people got out
9xy9oaIarkg-00194-00061402-00061929 okay yeah sorry I'm rambling at this
9xy9oaIarkg-00195-00061930-00062406 point for any of you it washed this and
9xy9oaIarkg-00196-00062407-00062710 took the time to listen to my
9xy9oaIarkg-00197-00062711-00062880 psychobabble all the way to the end I
9xy9oaIarkg-00198-00062881-00064023 appreciate you very much thanks guys
9xy9oaIarkg-00199-00064024-00064305 just hug your loved ones you know I mean
9xy9oaIarkg-00200-00064307-00064483 tell them you love them give him a hug
9xy9oaIarkg-00201-00064484-00064816 give him a kiss let them know how much
9xy9oaIarkg-00202-00064816-00065086 they mean to you because when you have
9xy9oaIarkg-00203-00065087-00065416 that moment of you can lose someone and
9xy9oaIarkg-00204-00065416-00065773 I mean really lose someone it puts
9xy9oaIarkg-00205-00065774-00066213 things in perspective you know so I'm
9xy9oaIarkg-00206-00066214-00066616 yeah I'm Josh thank you guys for
9xy9oaIarkg-00207-00066617-00067036 watching you see
9-HWDGQxtQY-00000-00000016-00002809 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00001-00002810-00003858 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00002-00003859-00005679 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00003-00005680-00005903 it
9-HWDGQxtQY-00004-00005904-00008439 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00005-00008440-00011063 ohio
9-HWDGQxtQY-00006-00011064-00011527 again
9-HWDGQxtQY-00007-00011528-00012687 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00008-00012688-00013871 yes
9-HWDGQxtQY-00009-00013872-00014026 completely
9-HWDGQxtQY-00011-00017161-00017775 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00012-00017776-00018015 my
9-HWDGQxtQY-00015-00026439-00026674 color green
9-HWDGQxtQY-00016-00026675-00029031 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00017-00029032-00030655 [Music]
9-HWDGQxtQY-00018-00030656-00030955 it
9-HWDGQxtQY-00019-00030956-00033092 [Music]
9AN3nLR7vhy-00000-00000011-00000495 [Music]
9AN3nLR7vhy-00001-00000496-00000671 if you have this pink sauce get rid of
9AN3nLR7vhy-00002-00000672-00000854 it right now do not eat it it has milk
9AN3nLR7vhy-00003-00000855-00001007 in it and they ship it in a hot truck so
9AN3nLR7vhy-00004-00001008-00001143 the milk would be spoiled and some
9AN3nLR7vhy-00005-00001144-00001319 people did it like all comfy and gross
9AN3nLR7vhy-00006-00001320-00001600 like it's pook
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00000-00000527-00000757 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00001-00000758-00002784 thank you
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00002-00002785-00003781 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00003-00003782-00004058 don't listen
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00004-00004059-00006864 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00005-00006865-00007231 I know mama
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00006-00007231-00008097 hey hey
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00007-00008098-00010960 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00008-00010961-00011241 boys
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00009-00011242-00011910 [Applause]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00010-00011911-00012865 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00011-00012866-00013307 because I love you
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00012-00013308-00014194 please
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00013-00014195-00014408 hey hey
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00014-00014409-00015303 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00015-00015304-00016617 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00016-00016618-00018521 [Music]
9AXJ8M2rdDQ-00017-00018522-00018847 [Music]
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00000-00000013-00000070 [Music]
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00001-00000071-00000521 foreign
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00002-00000522-00000773 [Music]
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00003-00000774-00001012 how do you prepare for Christmas do you
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00004-00001013-00001265 trim the tree do you buy presents do you
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00005-00001266-00001511 send cards do you make Christmas cookies
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00006-00001512-00001757 from recipes handed down through your
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00007-00001757-00001864 family
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00008-00001866-00002045 all of those are things that people do
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00009-00002046-00002213 to prepare for Christmas and they're
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00010-00002214-00002441 great things to do
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00011-00002442-00002626 but what about spiritually how do you
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00012-00002627-00002855 spiritually prepare for Christmas
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00013-00002856-00003142 today I want to talk about our spiritual
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00014-00003143-00003413 preparation for Christmas does I do I
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00015-00003414-00003563 want to invite you to subscribe to this
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00016-00003564-00003761 channel as well as to click the Bell so
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00017-00003761-00004138 you're notified of future videos
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00018-00004139-00004391 so here's the person that we most
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00019-00004392-00004535 associate
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00020-00004536-00004769 with preparing for Christmas and that's
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00021-00004770-00005075 John the Baptist we know about John John
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00022-00005076-00005399 was the one who had that phrase prepare
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00023-00005400-00005620 the way of the Lord
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00024-00005621-00005891 and and we have an image of John that
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00025-00005892-00006143 that's a little bit wild a little bit
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00026-00006144-00006275 out there
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00027-00006276-00006550 but who really was John we do know some
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00028-00006551-00006796 things about John from the gospel
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00029-00006797-00007013 narratives
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00030-00007014-00007306 John was Jesus's cousin
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00031-00007308-00007583 John was born maybe three or four months
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00032-00007584-00007792 before Jesus so they were the same age
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00033-00007793-00008069 they probably grew up together saw each
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00034-00008070-00008339 other knew each other
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00035-00008340-00008657 and John is pictured as a really unique
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00036-00008658-00008927 person in the Gospels
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00037-00008928-00009239 he's pictured as someone who's sort of a
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00038-00009240-00009539 mirror image of the Prophet Elijah from
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00039-00009540-00009767 the Hebrew scriptures
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00040-00009768-00010013 you know like Elijah he lives in the
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00041-00010014-00010246 desert he wears animal skins for
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00042-00010247-00010349 clothing
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00043-00010350-00010541 and and he's
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00044-00010542-00010721 you know pretty direct with people and
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00045-00010722-00010919 tells people what to do
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00046-00010920-00011146 and you know we sort of feel awkward
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00047-00011147-00011573 with that when we see that in the text
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00048-00011574-00011788 but we don't often really step back and
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00049-00011789-00012041 think about what is it that John was
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00050-00012042-00012310 telling people to do to prepare the way
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00051-00012311-00012605 for the Lord to get ready for Jesus
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00052-00012606-00012815 Ministry for the coming of Jesus into
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00053-00012816-00013055 the world
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00054-00013056-00013427 John told people some very simple things
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00055-00013428-00013691 he said you know if you have two coats
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00056-00013691-00013913 give one to somebody who doesn't have
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00057-00013913-00014075 any coats
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00058-00014076-00014363 and if you're a soldier don't push
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00059-00014363-00014591 people to do things that you're supposed
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00060-00014591-00014908 to do yourself do your own job and if
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00061-00014909-00015125 you're a tax collector don't collect
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00062-00015126-00015443 extra money don't cheat people
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00063-00015444-00015694 John was saying to people
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00064-00015695-00016043 lead a good moral ethical life
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00065-00016044-00016433 care for other people in tangible ways
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00066-00016434-00016744 and and don't cheat don't lie don't do
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00067-00016745-00016913 things you shouldn't
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00068-00016914-00017183 John was conveying the same kinds of
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00069-00017184-00017458 things that all the religious Traditions
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00070-00017459-00017747 across the world convey to people about
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00071-00017748-00018053 leading a moral and ethical life
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00072-00018054-00018425 he just was really upfront about it
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00073-00018426-00018694 how did he get to that point
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00074-00018695-00018869 see that's what I think is really
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00075-00018870-00019175 important what was John's way of
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00076-00019176-00019397 preparing
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00077-00019398-00019780 see somehow I think John experienced
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00078-00019781-00019972 something from knowing Jesus from
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00079-00019973-00020164 growing up around Jesus
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00080-00020165-00020555 and that led him to the desert to
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00081-00020556-00020849 Solitude to live in a cave
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00082-00020850-00021203 to seek out a contemplative life
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00083-00021204-00021400 and it was in seeking out a
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00084-00021401-00021658 contemplative life taking time for
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00085-00021659-00021893 contemplative practices like prayer and
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00086-00021894-00022114 meditation that he came to understand
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00087-00022115-00022294 himself
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00088-00022295-00022475 he came to understand who his cousin
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00089-00022476-00022619 Jesus was
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00090-00022620-00022943 he came to an understanding of God
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00091-00022944-00023183 as well as people
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00092-00023184-00023536 and it was in that that he began to move
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00093-00023537-00023808 about other people
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00094-00023809-00024100 recognizing that while he had something
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00095-00024101-00024455 to do it wasn't the most important thing
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00096-00024456-00024713 he was helping people get ready for
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00097-00024714-00024928 something more so there was a humility
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00098-00024929-00025433 about John he saw himself for who he was
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00099-00025434-00025612 I think that's really important for us
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00100-00025613-00025918 in thinking about our preparation for
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00101-00025919-00026105 Christmas
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00102-00026106-00026418 to really prepare for this
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00103-00026419-00026579 celebration
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00104-00026580-00026933 of God's coming to birth again in the
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00105-00026933-00027107 world
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00106-00027108-00027551 we need to open space in our lives
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00107-00027552-00027779 through contemplation through meditation
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00108-00027780-00028067 through spiritual practice
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00109-00028068-00028277 and in doing that we come to understand
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00110-00028277-00028517 ourselves more we come to understand
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00111-00028518-00028774 other people more and we come to
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00112-00028775-00029008 understand God more
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00113-00029010-00029314 so that we have an openness about us the
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00114-00029316-00029495 way John did
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00115-00029495-00029764 and it's out of that openness that we
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00116-00029766-00029962 are able to encounter
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00117-00029963-00030305 God being born again in new ways God
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00118-00030306-00030629 being born Anew for ourselves and for
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00119-00030630-00030731 others
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00120-00030732-00031139 that process leads us into
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00121-00031139-00031312 living in ways that are more
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00122-00031313-00031535 compassionate and caring for others with
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00123-00031536-00031793 greater integrity
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00124-00031794-00032033 you know really focusing on what's
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00125-00032033-00032224 important and that's that's those were
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00126-00032225-00032429 John's directives that's what he was
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00127-00032430-00032687 telling people to do but he did that
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00128-00032688-00032987 based on this deep interior life this
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00129-00032988-00033221 contemplative life
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00130-00033222-00033551 so as we prepare for Christmas yes trim
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00131-00033552-00033815 that tree sing the songs and above all
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00132-00033816-00034018 bake those cookies
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00133-00034019-00034355 but also take time
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00134-00034356-00034649 for that contemplation and meditation
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00135-00034650-00035002 to open your heart so that as we open
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00136-00035003-00035302 our hearts we experience something new
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00137-00035303-00035585 of God coming into our lives
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00138-00035586-00035765 and of course this isn't just something
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00139-00035766-00036089 for Christmas this is something for our
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00140-00036090-00036257 lifetimes
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00141-00036258-00036515 day in and day out to continue to open
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00142-00036516-00036731 ourselves more and more
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00143-00036732-00037061 to experience the fullness of God and
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00144-00037062-00037409 the fullness of our ourselves
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00145-00037410-00037607 thanks for your time today be sure to
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00146-00037608-00037793 subscribe to this channel like the video
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00147-00037794-00038068 share it with others make some comments
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00148-00038069-00038327 and of course have a very merry
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00149-00038328-00038514 Christmas thank you
9Bo-TaY6xu8-00150-00038515-00040192 [Music]
9C72bP328Xo-00000-00000000-00000638 [Music]
9C72bP328Xo-00001-00000639-00000799 hey sectors welcome back to another
9C72bP328Xo-00002-00000800-00000862 video
9C72bP328Xo-00003-00000863-00001143 let's get into it have you experienced
9C72bP328Xo-00004-00001144-00001191 something
9C72bP328Xo-00005-00001192-00001439 traumatic in the past according to a
9C72bP328Xo-00006-00001440-00001566 study published in the journal of
9C72bP328Xo-00007-00001567-00001687 traumatic stress
9C72bP328Xo-00008-00001688-00001918 approximately 70 of adults in the united
9C72bP328Xo-00009-00001919-00001991 states
9C72bP328Xo-00010-00001992-00002175 have or will experience a traumatic
9C72bP328Xo-00011-00002176-00002350 event in their lives
9C72bP328Xo-00012-00002351-00002542 so it's not as rare as you may think it
9C72bP328Xo-00013-00002543-00002726 is on the same note
9C72bP328Xo-00014-00002727-00002918 people often assume that trauma only
9C72bP328Xo-00015-00002919-00003031 affects the mind
9C72bP328Xo-00016-00003032-00003359 perhaps in the form of ptsd however
9C72bP328Xo-00017-00003360-00003503 it can actually affect your physical
9C72bP328Xo-00018-00003504-00003743 well-being as well so here are five
9C72bP328Xo-00019-00003744-00003951 physical signs of past trauma that most
9C72bP328Xo-00020-00003952-00004070 people miss
9C72bP328Xo-00021-00004071-00004222 before we begin we would like to mention
9C72bP328Xo-00022-00004223-00004351 that this video is created for
9C72bP328Xo-00023-00004352-00004502 educational purposes only
9C72bP328Xo-00024-00004503-00004654 and is not intended to substitute a
9C72bP328Xo-00025-00004655-00004838 professional diagnosis
9C72bP328Xo-00026-00004839-00005031 if you're struggling to cope with trauma
9C72bP328Xo-00027-00005032-00005199 or are suffering from any mental health
9C72bP328Xo-00028-00005200-00005263 condition
9C72bP328Xo-00029-00005264-00005447 we highly advise you to seek help from a
9C72bP328Xo-00030-00005448-00005599 qualified mental health professional
9C72bP328Xo-00031-00005600-00005886 and avoid diagnosing yourself or others
9C72bP328Xo-00032-00005887-00006006 number one
9C72bP328Xo-00033-00006007-00006286 fight or flight trauma often makes you
9C72bP328Xo-00034-00006287-00006463 feel as though there is threat around
9C72bP328Xo-00035-00006464-00006567 every corner
9C72bP328Xo-00036-00006568-00006719 in response to this feeling of being in
9C72bP328Xo-00037-00006720-00006895 danger your fight-or-flight system may
9C72bP328Xo-00038-00006895-00006998 kick in
9C72bP328Xo-00039-00007000-00007183 some physical manifestations of this
9C72bP328Xo-00040-00007184-00007375 fight-or-flight response is a sudden
9C72bP328Xo-00041-00007376-00007534 sense of hyper-vigilance
9C72bP328Xo-00042-00007536-00007727 and the feeling of being unsettled or
9C72bP328Xo-00043-00007728-00007846 agitated
9C72bP328Xo-00044-00007847-00008023 this fear does not necessarily have to
9C72bP328Xo-00045-00008023-00008231 stem from possible physical violence
9C72bP328Xo-00046-00008232-00008407 as it can also stem from being afraid of
9C72bP328Xo-00047-00008408-00008599 getting hurt or attacked emotionally or
9C72bP328Xo-00048-00008600-00008671 verbally
9C72bP328Xo-00049-00008672-00008831 or even from needing to relive a
9C72bP328Xo-00050-00008832-00009031 humiliating experience
9C72bP328Xo-00051-00009032-00009231 however there are various ways to treat
9C72bP328Xo-00052-00009232-00009359 this symptom
9C72bP328Xo-00053-00009360-00009527 mindfulness is a great tool that can
9C72bP328Xo-00054-00009528-00009671 help you learn to calm down whenever
9C72bP328Xo-00055-00009672-00009846 you're feeling overwhelmed
9C72bP328Xo-00056-00009847-00010039 if you are working with a therapist you
9C72bP328Xo-00057-00010040-00010199 can reach out to them about establishing
9C72bP328Xo-00058-00010200-00010446 a cognitive behavioral treatment
9C72bP328Xo-00059-00010447-00010631 cbt treatment can give you the tools
9C72bP328Xo-00060-00010632-00010791 necessary to reinterpret your
9C72bP328Xo-00061-00010792-00011014 environment and assumed threats
9C72bP328Xo-00062-00011015-00011327 number two chronic fatigue chronic
9C72bP328Xo-00063-00011328-00011527 fatigue can be a byproduct of different
9C72bP328Xo-00064-00011528-00011646 mental health issues and
9C72bP328Xo-00065-00011647-00011887 also from past trauma since your body is
9C72bP328Xo-00066-00011888-00012055 not designed to feel prolonged and high
9C72bP328Xo-00067-00012056-00012206 levels of stress all the time
9C72bP328Xo-00068-00012207-00012367 you may end up experiencing chronic
9C72bP328Xo-00069-00012368-00012583 fatigue fight or flight is meant to
9C72bP328Xo-00070-00012584-00012735 happen in short bursts
9C72bP328Xo-00071-00012736-00012999 not sustained periods of time studies
9C72bP328Xo-00072-00013000-00013191 have even shown that those with ptsd are
9C72bP328Xo-00073-00013191-00013366 eight times likelier to develop chronic
9C72bP328Xo-00074-00013368-00013471 fatigue
9C72bP328Xo-00075-00013472-00013647 luckily there are many types of
9C72bP328Xo-00076-00013647-00013807 techniques you can try to help you cope
9C72bP328Xo-00077-00013808-00013911 with stress
9C72bP328Xo-00078-00013912-00014199 the most popular method is meditation it
9C72bP328Xo-00079-00014200-00014366 may feel daunting and difficult to do it
9C72bP328Xo-00080-00014368-00014430 first
9C72bP328Xo-00081-00014431-00014630 but there are many educational apps and
9C72bP328Xo-00082-00014631-00014815 online guides that may help
9C72bP328Xo-00083-00014816-00015166 number three chronic pain sometimes
9C72bP328Xo-00084-00015168-00015319 traumatic events can end up causing
9C72bP328Xo-00085-00015319-00015527 physical pain there have been countless
9C72bP328Xo-00086-00015528-00015694 studies about the mind body link
9C72bP328Xo-00087-00015695-00015894 showing how our emotions can affect us
9C72bP328Xo-00088-00015895-00015999 physically
9C72bP328Xo-00089-00016000-00016183 for example we know that physical
9C72bP328Xo-00090-00016184-00016366 distress can lead to mental distress and
9C72bP328Xo-00091-00016368-00016479 vice versa
9C72bP328Xo-00092-00016480-00016622 there have also been various studies
9C72bP328Xo-00093-00016623-00016847 analyzing trauma and chronic pain
9C72bP328Xo-00094-00016848-00017127 specifically on fibromyalgia a study
9C72bP328Xo-00095-00017128-00017294 published in 2018
9C72bP328Xo-00096-00017295-00017447 found that patients who experienced
9C72bP328Xo-00097-00017448-00017591 childhood trauma reported higher
9C72bP328Xo-00098-00017592-00017783 symptoms of fibromyalgia
9C72bP328Xo-00099-00017784-00017967 other studies have also delved into the
9C72bP328Xo-00100-00017968-00018150 neural structure of how we perceive
9C72bP328Xo-00101-00018151-00018294 trauma and how it affects our pain
9C72bP328Xo-00102-00018295-00018407 reception
9C72bP328Xo-00103-00018408-00018630 so if you experience chronic pain as the
9C72bP328Xo-00104-00018631-00018750 result of trauma
9C72bP328Xo-00105-00018751-00018911 you may want to work with your physician
9C72bP328Xo-00106-00018912-00019103 and therapist to address both
9C72bP328Xo-00107-00019104-00019350 the psychological and physiological
9C72bP328Xo-00108-00019351-00019567 repercussions of your trauma
9C72bP328Xo-00109-00019568-00019863 number four gi distress have you
9C72bP328Xo-00110-00019864-00020047 experienced gi distress before
9C72bP328Xo-00111-00020048-00020191 perhaps in the past in the form of
9C72bP328Xo-00112-00020192-00020383 nausea or gassiness right before a big
9C72bP328Xo-00113-00020384-00020511 presentation
9C72bP328Xo-00114-00020512-00020799 well gastrointestinal distress is an
9C72bP328Xo-00115-00020800-00020958 unknown and underrated physical
9C72bP328Xo-00116-00020959-00021163 manifestation of past trauma
9C72bP328Xo-00117-00021164-00021414 gastrointestinal distress as a result of
9C72bP328Xo-00118-00021415-00021463 trauma
9C72bP328Xo-00119-00021464-00021694 is more than just temporary discomfort
9C72bP328Xo-00120-00021695-00021871 it can lead to intestinal problems such
9C72bP328Xo-00121-00021872-00021958 as inflammation
9C72bP328Xo-00122-00021959-00022263 dysfunction or irritation the gut houses
9C72bP328Xo-00123-00022264-00022503 so many necessary neurotransmitters
9C72bP328Xo-00124-00022504-00022671 and is in constant communication with
9C72bP328Xo-00125-00022672-00022839 the brain that it's important to pay
9C72bP328Xo-00126-00022840-00023030 attention to any unexplained intestinal
9C72bP328Xo-00127-00023031-00023086 issues
9C72bP328Xo-00128-00023087-00023342 should they arise and number five
9C72bP328Xo-00129-00023343-00023511 chronic headaches
9C72bP328Xo-00130-00023512-00023686 our bodies often harbor tension and
9C72bP328Xo-00131-00023687-00023830 stress in different places
9C72bP328Xo-00132-00023831-00024094 the most popular place is the upper body
9C72bP328Xo-00133-00024095-00024319 specifically the head and neck
9C72bP328Xo-00134-00024320-00024471 unless you have a condition that causes
9C72bP328Xo-00135-00024472-00024630 frequent headaches you may want to
9C72bP328Xo-00136-00024631-00024814 consider unresolved trauma as a possible
9C72bP328Xo-00137-00024815-00024919 cause
9C72bP328Xo-00138-00024920-00025039 there are different ways to treat
9C72bP328Xo-00139-00025040-00025278 tension headaches applying a hot or cold
9C72bP328Xo-00140-00025279-00025335 press
9C72bP328Xo-00141-00025336-00025535 is one way but the best alternative for
9C72bP328Xo-00142-00025536-00025678 this type of chronic headaches
9C72bP328Xo-00143-00025679-00025855 may be to work towards resolving your
9C72bP328Xo-00144-00025856-00026046 trauma working with a mental health
9C72bP328Xo-00145-00026047-00026223 professional is highly recommended for
9C72bP328Xo-00146-00026224-00026270 this
9C72bP328Xo-00147-00026272-00026423 as they may be able to teach you
9C72bP328Xo-00148-00026424-00026583 techniques to cope with stress and
9C72bP328Xo-00149-00026583-00026831 anxieties you're experiencing one of the
9C72bP328Xo-00150-00026832-00026999 more recent types of treatment is called
9C72bP328Xo-00151-00027000-00027190 somatic experiencing
9C72bP328Xo-00152-00027191-00027383 it's a type of therapy focused on the
9C72bP328Xo-00153-00027383-00027511 mind-body connection
9C72bP328Xo-00154-00027512-00027718 and aims to address both physical and
9C72bP328Xo-00155-00027719-00027862 physiological symptoms
9C72bP328Xo-00156-00027863-00028167 of events like grief trauma anxiety
9C72bP328Xo-00157-00028168-00028390 and depression they treat the physical
9C72bP328Xo-00158-00028391-00028590 manifestations of the trauma first
9C72bP328Xo-00159-00028591-00028758 and then discuss the psychological
9C72bP328Xo-00160-00028760-00028927 symptoms after
9C72bP328Xo-00161-00028927-00029135 have you experienced any of these signs
9C72bP328Xo-00162-00029136-00029287 let us know in the comments below
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9C72bP328Xo-00164-00029439-00029614 to like subscribe and share this video
9C72bP328Xo-00165-00029616-00029758 with those who might benefit from it
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9C72bP328Xo-00169-00030216-00030399 the references and studies used in this
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9C72bP328Xo-00171-00030583-00030718 thanks for watching and we'll see you in
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9DGS-NBkOsc-00000-00000000-00000279 you
9DGS-NBkOsc-00001-00000280-00000836 [Music]
9DGS-NBkOsc-00002-00000838-00001084 traditional networks are expensive to
9DGS-NBkOsc-00003-00001085-00001369 purchase they are complex inflexible and
9DGS-NBkOsc-00004-00001370-00001860 costly to deploy and maintain there are
9DGS-NBkOsc-00005-00001861-00002194 too many touch points ruckus campus
9DGS-NBkOsc-00006-00002195-00002433 fabric gives you a single IP point of
9DGS-NBkOsc-00007-00002434-00002692 management for all switches it easily
9DGS-NBkOsc-00008-00002693-00003126 scales to 1840 using any of the icx 7000
9DGS-NBkOsc-00009-00003127-00003361 switch families the single logical
9DGS-NBkOsc-00010-00003361-00003615 domain consists of a control bridge and
9DGS-NBkOsc-00011-00003617-00003897 access switches we call port extenders
9DGS-NBkOsc-00012-00003898-00004170 because every port in the fabric becomes
9DGS-NBkOsc-00013-00004171-00004356 a virtual port extending from the
9DGS-NBkOsc-00014-00004357-00004629 control bridge this fabric is
9DGS-NBkOsc-00015-00004630-00004870 self-forming at a switch anytime you
9DGS-NBkOsc-00016-00004871-00005104 want switches get software and
9DGS-NBkOsc-00017-00005105-00005275 configuration automatically from the
9DGS-NBkOsc-00018-00005276-00005527 network eliminating manual provisioning
9DGS-NBkOsc-00019-00005528-00005934 steps all switches even entry level
9DGS-NBkOsc-00020-00005935-00006154 switches inherit advanced premium
9DGS-NBkOsc-00021-00006155-00006375 services from the control bridge or cost
9DGS-NBkOsc-00022-00006376-00006698 savings and better service quality
9DGS-NBkOsc-00023-00006700-00006945 simplified management and consistent
9DGS-NBkOsc-00024-00006947-00007164 features across the network lower the
9DGS-NBkOsc-00025-00007165-00007356 time and expense of maintaining and
9DGS-NBkOsc-00026-00007357-00007708 troubleshooting the network eliminating
9DGS-NBkOsc-00027-00007709-00007956 the spanning tree protocol eliminates
9DGS-NBkOsc-00028-00007957-00008173 the waste of active passive redundant
9DGS-NBkOsc-00029-00008173-00008545 paths link aggregation groups form
9DGS-NBkOsc-00030-00008546-00008781 automatically across redundant paths to
9DGS-NBkOsc-00031-00008782-00008988 protect against link failure while at
9DGS-NBkOsc-00032-00008989-00009217 the same time load balancing to optimize
9DGS-NBkOsc-00033-00009218-00009457 performance
9DGS-NBkOsc-00034-00009458-00009743 fail over four switches or links as
9DGS-NBkOsc-00035-00009744-00010055 instantaneous and headless this is a
9DGS-NBkOsc-00036-00010056-00010292 resilient network that is efficient
9DGS-NBkOsc-00037-00010293-00010510 cost-effective and flexible
9DGS-NBkOsc-00038-00010511-00010859 that's the ruckus campus fabric here's
9DGS-NBkOsc-00039-00010860-00011147 where to learn more
9EvAvmjDQGA-00000-00000029-00000491 this is read my hits I'll carve the
9EvAvmjDQGA-00001-00000492-00000778 booty workout breakdown with hits from
9EvAvmjDQGA-00002-00000779-00001103 around the world now you practice part
9EvAvmjDQGA-00003-00001104-00001439 one right and part two well this is part
9EvAvmjDQGA-00004-00001440-00001655 three where we're gonna put it all
9EvAvmjDQGA-00005-00001655-00002045 together with non-stop action
9EvAvmjDQGA-00006-00002046-00002183 are you ready
9EvAvmjDQGA-00007-00002184-00002465 I said are you ready
9EvAvmjDQGA-00008-00002466-00002747 good okay well you know the drill that's
9EvAvmjDQGA-00009-00002748-00003052 a tight Bend those knees and let's put
9EvAvmjDQGA-00010-00003053-00003274 it all together Rock the Boat if you
9EvAvmjDQGA-00011-00003275-00003622 want one two three four five six seven
9EvAvmjDQGA-00012-00003623-00003871 and a hip hop
9EvAvmjDQGA-00013-00003872-00004885 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00014-00004886-00005244 good job
9EvAvmjDQGA-00015-00005245-00005731 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00016-00005732-00006205 come on here we go together
9EvAvmjDQGA-00017-00006206-00006598 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00018-00006600-00006747 out
9EvAvmjDQGA-00019-00006748-00007727 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00020-00007728-00008093 requires a little bit of balance
9EvAvmjDQGA-00021-00008094-00008563 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00022-00008564-00008771 let's put it pause together one more
9EvAvmjDQGA-00023-00008772-00009069 time
9EvAvmjDQGA-00024-00009070-00010685 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00025-00010686-00010781 thank you
9EvAvmjDQGA-00026-00010782-00011244 great games
9EvAvmjDQGA-00027-00011245-00013883 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00028-00013884-00014188 whoops
9EvAvmjDQGA-00029-00014190-00015583 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00030-00015584-00015811 I guess
9EvAvmjDQGA-00031-00015812-00016715 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00032-00016716-00016903 we'll take you guys
9EvAvmjDQGA-00033-00016904-00017098 please practice
9EvAvmjDQGA-00034-00017099-00017407 [Music]
9EvAvmjDQGA-00035-00017408-00017699 oh my God because we're going to start
9EvAvmjDQGA-00036-00017700-00017980 working on our routine so you will see
9EvAvmjDQGA-00037-00017981-00018293 how we get to fit in
9EvAvmjDQGA-00038-00018294-00018514 I'm glad you did there's a routine
9EvAvmjDQGA-00039-00018515-00018803 really close here we go we'll see you
9EvAvmjDQGA-00040-00018804-00019003 next class
9EvAvmjDQGA-00041-00019004-00020079 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00000-00000158-00000487 you and me
9F0fcdMGeOM-00001-00000488-00001170 we both live life at full Speedy
9F0fcdMGeOM-00002-00001171-00001757 when we Collide no one walks away easy I
9F0fcdMGeOM-00003-00001757-00002609 never thought
9F0fcdMGeOM-00004-00002610-00002926 I'd never be the one I never thought I'd
9F0fcdMGeOM-00005-00002927-00003186 break your heart
9F0fcdMGeOM-00006-00003187-00004277 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00007-00004278-00004382 before
9F0fcdMGeOM-00008-00004383-00004634 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00009-00004635-00004731 [Applause]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00010-00004732-00007555 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00011-00007556-00009493 finger to the sky
9F0fcdMGeOM-00012-00009494-00010239 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00013-00010240-00010403 [Applause]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00014-00010404-00010692 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00015-00010693-00010963 you and me
9F0fcdMGeOM-00016-00010964-00011475 we both live football
9F0fcdMGeOM-00017-00011476-00014021 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00018-00014022-00014425 foreign
9F0fcdMGeOM-00019-00014426-00015166 [Music]
9F0fcdMGeOM-00020-00015168-00015246 [Applause]
9FzSx8vSdvM-00000-00000016-00000206 it's ben and good morning
9FzSx8vSdvM-00001-00000208-00000487 ma i'm samia fagan and i use she her
9FzSx8vSdvM-00002-00000488-00000686 pronouns and i'm honored to serve as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00003-00000687-00001023 oregon's 28th secretary of state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00004-00001024-00001183 our mission at the oregon secretary of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00005-00001184-00001311 state's office
9FzSx8vSdvM-00006-00001312-00001574 is to build trust to build trust between
9FzSx8vSdvM-00007-00001575-00001710 the people of oregon
9FzSx8vSdvM-00008-00001711-00001855 and their state government so that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00009-00001855-00002047 oregonians trust the public services
9FzSx8vSdvM-00010-00002048-00002223 that can make a positive difference in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00011-00002224-00002463 their everyday lives and as ben
9FzSx8vSdvM-00012-00002464-00002687 mentioned we're here to talk about
9FzSx8vSdvM-00013-00002688-00002895 the prescription drug monitoring program
9FzSx8vSdvM-00014-00002896-00003134 audit and i just want to take a brief
9FzSx8vSdvM-00015-00003135-00003406 moment to identify why i mean all of our
9FzSx8vSdvM-00016-00003407-00003615 audits are important but some of them
9FzSx8vSdvM-00017-00003615-00003959 are deeply personal to me and in 2009
9FzSx8vSdvM-00018-00003960-00004343 january of 2009 i was on winter break
9FzSx8vSdvM-00019-00004344-00004606 about to start my final semester of law
9FzSx8vSdvM-00020-00004607-00004870 school and i got a call from my mom's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00021-00004871-00005183 boss at the glasshouse tavern in sandy
9FzSx8vSdvM-00022-00005184-00005495 on uh northeast sandy in north portland
9FzSx8vSdvM-00023-00005496-00005606 and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00024-00005607-00005863 it was that my mom was in the icu and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00025-00005864-00006143 she had overdosed on some combination of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00026-00006144-00006359 opioids and and other things that that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00027-00006360-00006663 she'd found and been given on the street
9FzSx8vSdvM-00028-00006664-00006903 and was in the icu and so i rushed to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00029-00006904-00007046 the hospital and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00030-00007047-00007255 and you know found her husband in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00031-00007256-00007423 waiting room and it turns out that they
9FzSx8vSdvM-00032-00007423-00007542 had been
9FzSx8vSdvM-00033-00007543-00007727 partying the night before and my mom had
9FzSx8vSdvM-00034-00007728-00007910 gone unconscious and he had been afraid
9FzSx8vSdvM-00035-00007911-00008078 that he was going to get in trouble and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00036-00008079-00008287 so he didn't call the police or anybody
9FzSx8vSdvM-00037-00008288-00008414 and just left her there and then
9FzSx8vSdvM-00038-00008415-00008639 thankfully because a family member ended
9FzSx8vSdvM-00039-00008640-00008871 up coming over in the morning to return
9FzSx8vSdvM-00040-00008872-00009078 something they saw my mom unconscious
9FzSx8vSdvM-00041-00009079-00009255 and called the ambulance and she was
9FzSx8vSdvM-00042-00009256-00009423 able to get to portland adventist
9FzSx8vSdvM-00043-00009424-00009655 hospital in time and ended up saving her
9FzSx8vSdvM-00044-00009656-00009806 life and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00045-00009807-00009959 so this is an audit that's deeply
9FzSx8vSdvM-00046-00009960-00010174 personal for me because when we talk
9FzSx8vSdvM-00047-00010175-00010406 about the people in oregon experiencing
9FzSx8vSdvM-00048-00010407-00010614 opioid overdoses this is not statistics
9FzSx8vSdvM-00049-00010615-00010751 these are not just numbers these are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00050-00010752-00010999 people you're somebody's mom or
9FzSx8vSdvM-00051-00011000-00011231 somebody's brother or somebody's uncle
9FzSx8vSdvM-00052-00011232-00011527 or somebody's kid and so this is an
9FzSx8vSdvM-00053-00011528-00011783 audit that is about ultimately people
9FzSx8vSdvM-00054-00011784-00011999 and about how we can make a difference
9FzSx8vSdvM-00055-00012000-00012270 and do better here in oregon in helping
9FzSx8vSdvM-00056-00012271-00012383 people
9FzSx8vSdvM-00057-00012384-00012614 not be inflicted by the opioid crisis
9FzSx8vSdvM-00058-00012615-00012879 and as we all know the opioid crisis is
9FzSx8vSdvM-00059-00012880-00013079 a grave threat both here in oregon and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00060-00013080-00013271 around the country according to the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00061-00013272-00013430 oregon health authority oregon has one
9FzSx8vSdvM-00062-00013431-00013655 of the highest rates of misuse of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00063-00013656-00013879 prescription opioids in the entire
9FzSx8vSdvM-00064-00013880-00013983 nation
9FzSx8vSdvM-00065-00013984-00014119 i'm just going to let that sink in for a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00066-00014119-00014311 minute one of the highest rates of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00067-00014312-00014558 misuse in the entire nation
9FzSx8vSdvM-00068-00014559-00014807 and oha now estimates that five
9FzSx8vSdvM-00069-00014808-00015071 oregonians die a week
9FzSx8vSdvM-00070-00015072-00015238 five oregonians a week from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00071-00015240-00015615 opioid-related overdoses and in 2020 462
9FzSx8vSdvM-00072-00015616-00015822 oregonians died from unintentional
9FzSx8vSdvM-00073-00015823-00016199 opioid overdoses up from 280 deaths in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00074-00016200-00016503 2019 and i want to say again in 2009 one
9FzSx8vSdvM-00075-00016504-00016758 of those could have been my mom and all
9FzSx8vSdvM-00076-00016759-00016967 of these numbers or somebody somebody
9FzSx8vSdvM-00077-00016968-00017135 and they belong to somebody and there's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00078-00017136-00017279 somebody's family
9FzSx8vSdvM-00079-00017280-00017479 and uh we need to do better so this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00080-00017480-00017655 decades-long tragedy that has been
9FzSx8vSdvM-00081-00017656-00017871 fueled by the opioid industry
9FzSx8vSdvM-00082-00017872-00018047 including consultants manufacturers
9FzSx8vSdvM-00083-00018048-00018279 distributors and others and in 2018 my
9FzSx8vSdvM-00084-00018280-00018455 predecessor the late secretary dennis
9FzSx8vSdvM-00085-00018456-00018599 richardson and the oregon audits
9FzSx8vSdvM-00086-00018600-00018886 division released an award-winning audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00087-00018887-00019030 of the prescription drug monitoring
9FzSx8vSdvM-00088-00019031-00019271 program a tool designed to support the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00089-00019272-00019494 appropriate use of prescription drugs
9FzSx8vSdvM-00090-00019495-00019679 and prevent abuse and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00091-00019680-00019807 in reading that audit and actually
9FzSx8vSdvM-00092-00019808-00019967 talking about that one quite a bit when
9FzSx8vSdvM-00093-00019968-00020191 i'm working throughout our state when
9FzSx8vSdvM-00094-00020192-00020335 people want to know what the audits
9FzSx8vSdvM-00095-00020336-00020486 division does people think of audits
9FzSx8vSdvM-00096-00020487-00020647 they think of their taxes or they think
9FzSx8vSdvM-00097-00020648-00020855 of kind of just number crunching but one
9FzSx8vSdvM-00098-00020856-00021014 of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00099-00021015-00021150 excuse me one of the findings that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00100-00021151-00021391 really stood out to me in the audit from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00101-00021392-00021567 2018
9FzSx8vSdvM-00102-00021568-00021750 was that uh the prescription drug
9FzSx8vSdvM-00103-00021751-00021927 monitoring program at that time did not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00104-00021928-00022191 cover veterinary prescriptions and the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00105-00022192-00022407 audits our auditors here in oregon were
9FzSx8vSdvM-00106-00022408-00022719 able to find that people were actually
9FzSx8vSdvM-00107-00022720-00023022 harming their pets on purpose
9FzSx8vSdvM-00108-00023023-00023214 and then taking their their pets to the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00109-00023215-00023486 vet getting a prescription opioid and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00110-00023487-00023822 then using those opioids and um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00111-00023823-00024007 and using the opioids of the bets the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00112-00024008-00024183 vets had prescribed for their pets which
9FzSx8vSdvM-00113-00024184-00024455 is just a tragedy all around um and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00114-00024456-00024607 that's the kind of important findings of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00115-00024608-00024847 the audits division is unable to uncover
9FzSx8vSdvM-00116-00024848-00025191 in their work and in 2018 our auditors
9FzSx8vSdvM-00117-00025192-00025414 made 12 recommendations to improve the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00118-00025415-00025631 prescription drug monitoring program in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00119-00025632-00025870 our follow-up report today that we are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00120-00025872-00026014 releasing we found that only four
9FzSx8vSdvM-00121-00026016-00026143 recommendations have been fully
9FzSx8vSdvM-00122-00026144-00026343 implemented and i will just say that's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00123-00026344-00026558 not good enough it is not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00124-00026560-00026751 legislative changes are needed to fully
9FzSx8vSdvM-00125-00026752-00026902 implement most of the outstanding
9FzSx8vSdvM-00126-00026904-00027135 recommendations those recommendations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00127-00027136-00027358 include areas such as data sharing using
9FzSx8vSdvM-00128-00027360-00027631 the pdmp database and collecting further
9FzSx8vSdvM-00129-00027632-00027751 information
9FzSx8vSdvM-00130-00027752-00027911 oregon's prescription drug monitoring
9FzSx8vSdvM-00131-00027912-00028183 program is an important tool a very very
9FzSx8vSdvM-00132-00028183-00028390 important tool to help address the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00133-00028391-00028590 prescription drug abuse and improve
9FzSx8vSdvM-00134-00028591-00028751 health outcomes for people here in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00135-00028752-00028911 oregon and we have to take full
9FzSx8vSdvM-00136-00028912-00029087 advantage of it so that's why we're here
9FzSx8vSdvM-00137-00029088-00029343 today to call on the state legislators
9FzSx8vSdvM-00138-00029344-00029567 to pass the bills and the oregon health
9FzSx8vSdvM-00139-00029568-00029702 authority to fully implement the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00140-00029704-00029902 remaining recommendations in this audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00141-00029904-00030174 as soon as possible literally lives
9FzSx8vSdvM-00142-00030175-00030351 depend on it and so i want to thank the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00143-00030352-00030567 artists director kip mement and our team
9FzSx8vSdvM-00144-00030568-00030718 for their incredibly hard work and their
9FzSx8vSdvM-00145-00030719-00030967 professionalism our audits team takes
9FzSx8vSdvM-00146-00030968-00031223 great care adhering to strict standards
9FzSx8vSdvM-00147-00031224-00031470 of quality in all of our audits and as i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00148-00031472-00031607 said for this audit they won the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00149-00031608-00031814 national association of state auditors
9FzSx8vSdvM-00150-00031816-00032031 excellence in accountability award and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00151-00032032-00032246 influence several other states to audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00152-00032247-00032495 their pdmp program so i'm really proud
9FzSx8vSdvM-00153-00032495-00032695 to work alongside this audits team and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00154-00032695-00032815 to give the people of oregon the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00155-00032816-00033015 transparency and accountability that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00156-00033016-00033207 they expect from this office and with
9FzSx8vSdvM-00157-00033208-00033359 that i'm going to turn it over to kit to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00158-00033360-00033615 introduce our audits team
9FzSx8vSdvM-00159-00033616-00033774 good morning thank you so much secretary
9FzSx8vSdvM-00160-00033775-00033935 faye and uh good morning my name is kip
9FzSx8vSdvM-00161-00033936-00034062 nemet i'm the artist director for the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00162-00034063-00034279 secretary of state's office my pronoun
9FzSx8vSdvM-00163-00034280-00034479 now is are he and his and i really want
9FzSx8vSdvM-00164-00034480-00034671 to thank the secretary for her support
9FzSx8vSdvM-00165-00034672-00034951 and her deeply moving personal story and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00166-00034952-00035111 you know i'd just like to point out so
9FzSx8vSdvM-00167-00035112-00035255 many of us have those stories my
9FzSx8vSdvM-00168-00035256-00035495 youngest brother or younger brother has
9FzSx8vSdvM-00169-00035496-00035679 had lifelong addiction issues so many of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00170-00035680-00035895 us know that story and i've seen it
9FzSx8vSdvM-00171-00035896-00036111 directly and so that's why i'm so proud
9FzSx8vSdvM-00172-00036112-00036279 of this audit this work
9FzSx8vSdvM-00173-00036280-00036479 it really does address us as secretary
9FzSx8vSdvM-00174-00036480-00036655 laid out one of our most pressing and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00175-00036656-00036951 pressing public health risks likely um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00176-00036952-00037151 has been exacerbated by the impacts of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00177-00037152-00037423 the pandemic and and other things
9FzSx8vSdvM-00178-00037424-00037711 pressing on our culture and and and that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00179-00037712-00037935 this is the environment we're in and so
9FzSx8vSdvM-00180-00037936-00038118 we're really happy to present this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00181-00038119-00038279 follow-up report this is part of our
9FzSx8vSdvM-00182-00038280-00038471 accountability process we follow up on
9FzSx8vSdvM-00183-00038472-00038655 our audits we just don't issue the audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00184-00038656-00038767 and let them leave there we actually
9FzSx8vSdvM-00185-00038768-00038951 follow up to show accountability and to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00186-00038952-00039174 give credit where credit's due too
9FzSx8vSdvM-00187-00039175-00039343 i'm really proud of this audit for a lot
9FzSx8vSdvM-00188-00039344-00039543 of reasons not only did it did it tackle
9FzSx8vSdvM-00189-00039544-00039702 this important issue but it really used
9FzSx8vSdvM-00190-00039703-00040023 an advanced and multifaceted methodology
9FzSx8vSdvM-00191-00040024-00040255 to really identify the significant risk
9FzSx8vSdvM-00192-00040256-00040455 with this program and then also help
9FzSx8vSdvM-00193-00040456-00040639 develop some really good sound
9FzSx8vSdvM-00194-00040640-00040862 recommendations particularly the the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00195-00040863-00041046 methodology that we really deployed
9FzSx8vSdvM-00196-00041047-00041239 effectively is our sophisticated use of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00197-00041240-00041462 data analytics to really identify
9FzSx8vSdvM-00198-00041463-00041702 prescription trends and patterns and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00199-00041703-00041943 risk in the data that we were able to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00200-00041944-00042262 glean from the pdmp program the the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00201-00042263-00042430 secretary and ben mentioned the awards
9FzSx8vSdvM-00202-00042431-00042639 we we're grateful for that recognition
9FzSx8vSdvM-00203-00042640-00042783 but we obviously don't do these for
9FzSx8vSdvM-00204-00042784-00042999 awards but the the fact that we were
9FzSx8vSdvM-00205-00043000-00043167 able to influence other state auditors
9FzSx8vSdvM-00206-00043168-00043295 to take a look at this including a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00207-00043296-00043511 colorado state auditor who directly told
9FzSx8vSdvM-00208-00043512-00043679 me they did that audit because of our
9FzSx8vSdvM-00209-00043680-00043839 audit and they actually found very
9FzSx8vSdvM-00210-00043840-00044046 concerning issues with their program as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00211-00044047-00044262 well and are actually moving a little
9FzSx8vSdvM-00212-00044263-00044407 bit more aggressively than i think our
9FzSx8vSdvM-00213-00044408-00044630 state is to address those uh one
9FzSx8vSdvM-00214-00044631-00044751 interesting thing and we'll get to your
9FzSx8vSdvM-00215-00044752-00045015 questions here the methodology also
9FzSx8vSdvM-00216-00045016-00045223 identified what i call gold standard
9FzSx8vSdvM-00217-00045224-00045399 criteria that's that's kind of elusive
9FzSx8vSdvM-00218-00045400-00045558 at performance audits because states do
9FzSx8vSdvM-00219-00045559-00045758 things differently these are complex
9FzSx8vSdvM-00220-00045759-00045999 issues but in the case of pdmp programs
9FzSx8vSdvM-00221-00046000-00046223 all 50 states administer them and so we
9FzSx8vSdvM-00222-00046224-00046486 had a and to the secretary's good point
9FzSx8vSdvM-00223-00046487-00046655 not all states have as poor of outcomes
9FzSx8vSdvM-00224-00046656-00046774 as we have
9FzSx8vSdvM-00225-00046775-00046943 and so when we're looking at doing this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00226-00046944-00047151 benchmark comparison and the report is
9FzSx8vSdvM-00227-00047152-00047415 loaded with with best practices leading
9FzSx8vSdvM-00228-00047416-00047615 practices and comparisons with oregon's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00229-00047616-00047830 practices to show how other states are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00230-00047831-00048023 using their pdm programs to better
9FzSx8vSdvM-00231-00048024-00048407 combat this opioid epidemic and so what
9FzSx8vSdvM-00232-00048408-00048599 the secretary already noted and what i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00233-00048600-00048839 want to emphasize is one we're grateful
9FzSx8vSdvM-00234-00048840-00049007 to what oha has already done they've
9FzSx8vSdvM-00235-00049008-00049167 done some work as the follow-up report
9FzSx8vSdvM-00236-00049168-00049439 shows to implement recommendations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00237-00049440-00049583 but frankly most of the work needs to be
9FzSx8vSdvM-00238-00049584-00049758 done at the legislative level
9FzSx8vSdvM-00239-00049759-00049958 oregon and we prove this pretty
9FzSx8vSdvM-00240-00049959-00050158 objectively that it has one of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00241-00050159-00050318 weakest statutory frameworks in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00242-00050319-00050502 country over this area and again some of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00243-00050503-00050702 the poorest outcomes so we think there's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00244-00050703-00050935 some real opportunity here uh to really
9FzSx8vSdvM-00245-00050936-00051183 shore up and strengthen our opportunity
9FzSx8vSdvM-00246-00051184-00051342 to to look at this better from a state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00247-00051344-00051535 and to help doctors and prescribers and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00248-00051536-00051758 pharmacies and patients most importantly
9FzSx8vSdvM-00249-00051759-00051919 in this important area
9FzSx8vSdvM-00250-00051920-00052070 the last thing i want to note before i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00251-00052071-00052190 turn it over
9FzSx8vSdvM-00252-00052191-00052311 introduce the team and then turn it back
9FzSx8vSdvM-00253-00052312-00052623 to ben for your q a is the us district
9FzSx8vSdvM-00254-00052624-00052799 attorney at the federal level was very
9FzSx8vSdvM-00255-00052800-00052959 interested in our work they are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00256-00052960-00053119 obviously prosecuting and looking at
9FzSx8vSdvM-00257-00053120-00053335 opioid crimes and prescription crimes
9FzSx8vSdvM-00258-00053336-00053494 they actually reached out to our office
9FzSx8vSdvM-00259-00053495-00053647 and requested some of our information
9FzSx8vSdvM-00260-00053648-00053775 which we
9FzSx8vSdvM-00261-00053776-00054030 provided to them uh we don't know you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00262-00054032-00054191 know we won't know if that helps their
9FzSx8vSdvM-00263-00054191-00054454 investigations or not but because of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00264-00054455-00054599 credibility of our evidence and the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00265-00054600-00054750 compelling nature of our evidence that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00266-00054751-00054975 there was some potential legal illegal
9FzSx8vSdvM-00267-00054976-00055142 activity around this again the u.s
9FzSx8vSdvM-00268-00055144-00055326 attorney so um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00269-00055327-00055559 lots of people lots of impact from this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00270-00055560-00055766 audit and then finally as the secretary
9FzSx8vSdvM-00271-00055767-00055926 noted in her comments
9FzSx8vSdvM-00272-00055927-00056159 we continue and will continue our audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00273-00056160-00056319 work in this area and after this audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00274-00056320-00056542 we did execute an audit of the state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00275-00056544-00056735 veterinarian board and particularly with
9FzSx8vSdvM-00276-00056736-00056879 the scope of looking at opioid
9FzSx8vSdvM-00277-00056879-00057119 prescriptions for animals and pets and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00278-00057120-00057247 actually have some very significant
9FzSx8vSdvM-00279-00057248-00057447 findings in that report as well and at
9FzSx8vSdvM-00280-00057448-00057575 some point we'll be back to you to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00281-00057576-00057735 follow up on that but without further
9FzSx8vSdvM-00282-00057736-00057863 ado we want to get to your questions i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00283-00057864-00058007 want to introduce and thank the audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00284-00058008-00058215 team ian green is here who served as the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00285-00058216-00058438 audit manager and karen peterson uh
9FzSx8vSdvM-00286-00058439-00058582 served as the lead auditor on this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00287-00058583-00058750 project uh thank you again for being
9FzSx8vSdvM-00288-00058751-00058863 here and your interest we welcome your
9FzSx8vSdvM-00289-00058864-00058991 questions and ben i'll turn it over to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00290-00058991-00059223 you for that segment of the of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00291-00059224-00059454 program
9FzSx8vSdvM-00292-00059455-00059630 thank you kip and thank you secretary
9FzSx8vSdvM-00293-00059632-00059879 fagan so for questions today i'd ask
9FzSx8vSdvM-00294-00059879-00060142 that you use the hand raise function in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00295-00060144-00060247 zoom
9FzSx8vSdvM-00296-00060248-00060471 to get an order going you can find that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00297-00060472-00060679 under the reactions button
9FzSx8vSdvM-00298-00060679-00060847 um if you have any issues with that feel
9FzSx8vSdvM-00299-00060848-00061087 free to drop a line in the chat as well
9FzSx8vSdvM-00300-00061088-00061287 we could do it that way uh and i'll just
9FzSx8vSdvM-00301-00061288-00061566 go in the order that i'm seeing folks uh
9FzSx8vSdvM-00302-00061567-00061799 the first question being from lynn at
9FzSx8vSdvM-00303-00061800-00061950 the oregon capital chronicle then go
9FzSx8vSdvM-00304-00061951-00062023 ahead
9FzSx8vSdvM-00305-00062024-00062287 thanks ben um i have a couple questions
9FzSx8vSdvM-00306-00062288-00062575 really uh just about some language in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00307-00062576-00062966 the audit one was it mentions
9FzSx8vSdvM-00308-00062967-00063215 that information should be shared with
9FzSx8vSdvM-00309-00063216-00063438 quote-unquote stakeholders
9FzSx8vSdvM-00310-00063439-00063663 who who are you talking about is that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00311-00063664-00063838 health license
9FzSx8vSdvM-00312-00063839-00064335 boards and law enforcement
9FzSx8vSdvM-00313-00064336-00064542 karen would you mind trying to tackle
9FzSx8vSdvM-00314-00064544-00064711 that one and i can add at a higher level
9FzSx8vSdvM-00315-00064712-00064847 but just the specifics of what the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00316-00064848-00065303 report actually said in that area
9FzSx8vSdvM-00317-00065304-00065591 the kip i'll actually jump in uh yeah
9FzSx8vSdvM-00318-00065592-00065775 that's who we were referring to so the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00319-00065776-00066023 licensing board and the law enforcement
9FzSx8vSdvM-00320-00066024-00066335 arms uh are key stakeholders in this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00321-00066336-00066494 okay that was just a technical do you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00322-00066495-00066735 mind can i ask another one a little more
9FzSx8vSdvM-00323-00066736-00067031 substantive and that is that um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00324-00067032-00067231 so oregon used to have
9FzSx8vSdvM-00325-00067232-00067503 the highest rate of prescription per
9FzSx8vSdvM-00326-00067504-00067679 capita i can remember doing stories on
9FzSx8vSdvM-00327-00067680-00067919 this when i was at the oregonian but and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00328-00067920-00068326 that's gone down but now how much of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00329-00068327-00068671 opiate and drug epidemic is caused by
9FzSx8vSdvM-00330-00068672-00068879 prescriptions
9FzSx8vSdvM-00331-00068880-00069159 misuse of prescriptions do you have any
9FzSx8vSdvM-00332-00069160-00069438 comment about that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00333-00069439-00069687 yeah so i was just looking at some
9FzSx8vSdvM-00334-00069688-00069943 statistics yesterday from the national
9FzSx8vSdvM-00335-00069944-00070159 survey of drug use um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00336-00070160-00070311 that the u.s department of health and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00337-00070312-00070575 human services puts together and oregon
9FzSx8vSdvM-00338-00070576-00070879 ranks number one on prescription opioid
9FzSx8vSdvM-00339-00070880-00071159 misuse in the country so the level of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00340-00071160-00071462 prescriptions that are given per capita
9FzSx8vSdvM-00341-00071463-00071638 in the state have gone down since the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00342-00071639-00071838 audit's been released but we're still
9FzSx8vSdvM-00343-00071839-00071975 very high
9FzSx8vSdvM-00344-00071976-00072262 on a comparison to other states on where
9FzSx8vSdvM-00345-00072263-00072615 we rank in terms of prescription opioid
9FzSx8vSdvM-00346-00072616-00072750 misuse
9FzSx8vSdvM-00347-00072751-00073047 but but if if the legislature i i didn't
9FzSx8vSdvM-00348-00073048-00073231 ask that correctly and this will you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00349-00073232-00073503 know let you go on to ben but um if all
9FzSx8vSdvM-00350-00073504-00073662 these uh recommendations were
9FzSx8vSdvM-00351-00073663-00073903 implemented um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00352-00073904-00074223 how much do you think that would help um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00353-00074224-00074447 you know i mean the over overall point
9FzSx8vSdvM-00354-00074448-00074687 really is the drug epidemic right so how
9FzSx8vSdvM-00355-00074688-00074823 much would that help do you think do you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00356-00074824-00075103 have any idea of that thank you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00357-00075104-00075279 so implementing the recommendations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00358-00075280-00075494 would certainly help um is it's not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00359-00075495-00075799 going to prevent you know illegal trap
9FzSx8vSdvM-00360-00075800-00076047 trafficking of opioids and fentanyl from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00361-00076048-00076255 mexico and other countries that is
9FzSx8vSdvM-00362-00076256-00076487 certainly a major problem in our state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00363-00076488-00076903 um and all along the i-5 corridor um but
9FzSx8vSdvM-00364-00076904-00077238 it's still a sizable um portion i i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00365-00077239-00077423 don't have the exact figures on top of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00366-00077424-00077711 my head but i i can look into that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00367-00077712-00077855 yeah and i'll just add on top that is a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00368-00077856-00078006 great question and we certainly don't
9FzSx8vSdvM-00369-00078007-00078231 mean to imply that you know
9FzSx8vSdvM-00370-00078232-00078462 addressing this will get to ian's point
9FzSx8vSdvM-00371-00078463-00078671 you know eliminate the risk or even to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00372-00078672-00078894 your point a good question of how much
9FzSx8vSdvM-00373-00078895-00079135 of the of the risk is is being take
9FzSx8vSdvM-00374-00079136-00079335 taken by this but it's just what we can
9FzSx8vSdvM-00375-00079336-00079494 do in our swim lane where the state has
9FzSx8vSdvM-00376-00079495-00079703 some ability to monitor this and we did
9FzSx8vSdvM-00377-00079704-00079871 try to put that in context of the report
9FzSx8vSdvM-00378-00079872-00080047 so yeah this is not an end-all
9FzSx8vSdvM-00379-00080048-00080223 be-with-all kind of solution to it
9FzSx8vSdvM-00380-00080224-00080375 obviously much more complicated than
9FzSx8vSdvM-00381-00080376-00080582 that but we're just incrementally aware
9FzSx8vSdvM-00382-00080583-00080735 of things that we think and again based
9FzSx8vSdvM-00383-00080736-00080926 not on put honor sleep but what other
9FzSx8vSdvM-00384-00080927-00081071 experts in states are doing to really
9FzSx8vSdvM-00385-00081072-00081447 combat this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00386-00081448-00081671 thanks ken and thanks lynn let's move
9FzSx8vSdvM-00387-00081672-00081862 along now the next hand i see is from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00388-00081863-00082023 ben botkin at the one report ben go
9FzSx8vSdvM-00389-00082024-00082247 ahead
9FzSx8vSdvM-00390-00082248-00082503 thanks ben uh so i have kind of a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00391-00082504-00082694 two-part question
9FzSx8vSdvM-00392-00082695-00083023 um one is
9FzSx8vSdvM-00393-00083024-00083206 how much cooperation are you seeing from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00394-00083207-00083382 the health authority
9FzSx8vSdvM-00395-00083383-00083631 in implementing the guidelines that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00396-00083632-00083887 don't require legislation
9FzSx8vSdvM-00397-00083888-00084031 and if there are any outstanding
9FzSx8vSdvM-00398-00084032-00084159 guidelines that don't require
9FzSx8vSdvM-00399-00084160-00084535 legislation that aren't yet in place um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00400-00084536-00084887 what are they thanks
9FzSx8vSdvM-00401-00084888-00085126 so i'll tackle the the first part of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00402-00085127-00085287 that question then
9FzSx8vSdvM-00403-00085288-00085391 um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00404-00085392-00085615 in terms of the oregon health authority
9FzSx8vSdvM-00405-00085616-00085759 they were very proactive and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00406-00085760-00085935 implementing the recommendations that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00407-00085936-00086175 were were within their control
9FzSx8vSdvM-00408-00086176-00086415 um in response to the audit follow-up
9FzSx8vSdvM-00409-00086416-00086687 they noted a number of items that they
9FzSx8vSdvM-00410-00086688-00086918 didn't have the authority to to take
9FzSx8vSdvM-00411-00086919-00087118 action on the recommendations and those
9FzSx8vSdvM-00412-00087119-00087415 are what require legislative action and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00413-00087416-00087606 i i think within the report if you read
9FzSx8vSdvM-00414-00087607-00087879 the narrative you'll see the details of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00415-00087880-00088118 which specific items require legislative
9FzSx8vSdvM-00416-00088119-00088775 action
9FzSx8vSdvM-00417-00088776-00088959 good thank you again
9FzSx8vSdvM-00418-00088960-00089206 uh moving along next hand i see is from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00419-00089207-00089559 kirsten at cabal kirsten go ahead
9FzSx8vSdvM-00420-00089560-00089847 hi good morning um so i have a question
9FzSx8vSdvM-00421-00089848-00090111 uh related to current oregon statute how
9FzSx8vSdvM-00422-00090112-00090455 does current oregon law prohibit uh pdmp
9FzSx8vSdvM-00423-00090456-00090671 data from being shared to those
9FzSx8vSdvM-00424-00090672-00090823 stakeholders that we keep mentioning
9FzSx8vSdvM-00425-00090824-00090991 like law enforcement and licensing
9FzSx8vSdvM-00426-00090992-00091238 boards and as a follow-up what bills are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00427-00091239-00091367 currently in the works in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00428-00091368-00091526 legislature that address this audit's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00429-00091527-00092143 concerns
9FzSx8vSdvM-00430-00092144-00092223 so
9FzSx8vSdvM-00431-00092224-00092462 in terms of legislative action i'm not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00432-00092463-00092703 aware of anything we're between sessions
9FzSx8vSdvM-00433-00092704-00092943 right now um so a lot of the legislative
9FzSx8vSdvM-00434-00092944-00093143 concepts for the long session next year
9FzSx8vSdvM-00435-00093144-00093359 will be developed in this fall
9FzSx8vSdvM-00436-00093360-00093638 uh kind of time period uh karen can you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00437-00093639-00093879 speak to any of the the details that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00438-00093880-00095535 kirsten was asking about
9FzSx8vSdvM-00439-00095536-00095718 karen if you're speaking we we can't
9FzSx8vSdvM-00440-00095719-00096799 hear you might still be on mute
9FzSx8vSdvM-00441-00096800-00096950 possible karen's experiencing some
9FzSx8vSdvM-00442-00096951-00097174 issues all right go ahead ian yeah i'll
9FzSx8vSdvM-00443-00097175-00097406 circle back i i don't have those off the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00444-00097407-00097574 top of my head i'll need to look into
9FzSx8vSdvM-00445-00097575-00097879 that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00446-00097880-00098055 thanks kirsten i'll also say that you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00447-00098056-00098279 know our office is presenting the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00448-00098280-00098447 information of the follow-up report to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00449-00098448-00098711 legislators and um if there's anything
9FzSx8vSdvM-00450-00098712-00098871 that comes out of those conversations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00451-00098872-00098974 that gets to your question on
9FzSx8vSdvM-00452-00098975-00099118 legislative action i'd be happy to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00453-00099119-00099406 follow up with you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00454-00099407-00099494 thank you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00455-00099495-00099679 sure uh the next hand i see is from
9FzSx8vSdvM-00456-00099680-00099926 fedor at the oregonian fedor go ahead hi
9FzSx8vSdvM-00457-00099927-00100079 thanks for taking my question so in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00458-00100080-00100303 follow-up report um it's stated several
9FzSx8vSdvM-00459-00100304-00100479 times at ohsaka we're using appropriate
9FzSx8vSdvM-00460-00100480-00100606 channels to recommend legislative
9FzSx8vSdvM-00461-00100607-00100926 changes how long has oha been doing that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00462-00100927-00101079 and can you describe in more detail
9FzSx8vSdvM-00463-00101080-00101359 exactly what it's been doing to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00464-00101360-00101767 those appropriate channels
9FzSx8vSdvM-00465-00101768-00101903 so
9FzSx8vSdvM-00466-00101904-00102182 what they've been working on is relaying
9FzSx8vSdvM-00467-00102183-00102454 the limitations in their statute to the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00468-00102455-00102615 legislature
9FzSx8vSdvM-00469-00102616-00102942 and specific committees over there
9FzSx8vSdvM-00470-00102943-00103151 in terms of the budget making process
9FzSx8vSdvM-00471-00103152-00103358 there's a requirement for agencies to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00472-00103359-00103486 submit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00473-00103488-00103734 status updates on audits that they've
9FzSx8vSdvM-00474-00103735-00103951 had so that's part of that communication
9FzSx8vSdvM-00475-00103952-00104686 channel as well
9FzSx8vSdvM-00476-00104688-00104782 okay
9FzSx8vSdvM-00477-00104783-00104990 thank you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00478-00104991-00105134 let me still have your hand up as a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00479-00105135-00105519 follow-up question
9FzSx8vSdvM-00480-00105520-00105839 sorry no i'll take it
9FzSx8vSdvM-00481-00105840-00106095 no worries
9FzSx8vSdvM-00482-00106096-00106271 um okay those are all the hands i see uh
9FzSx8vSdvM-00483-00106272-00106415 does anyone else have any follow-up
9FzSx8vSdvM-00484-00106416-00106527 questions they'd like to jump in with
9FzSx8vSdvM-00485-00106528-00107399 here we've got plenty of time still
9FzSx8vSdvM-00486-00107400-00107599 all right kirsten is here oh sorry go
9FzSx8vSdvM-00487-00107600-00107766 ahead we can go to you and then kirsten
9FzSx8vSdvM-00488-00107767-00107839 next
9FzSx8vSdvM-00489-00107840-00108023 sure so i was wondering could you could
9FzSx8vSdvM-00490-00108024-00108134 you elaborate and i'm sorry for the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00491-00108135-00108271 background noise i wonder if you could
9FzSx8vSdvM-00492-00108272-00108431 elaborate i mean how's the state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00493-00108432-00108631 approached any lawmakers specifically to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00494-00108632-00108734 promote
9FzSx8vSdvM-00495-00108735-00108966 any changes to statute and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00496-00108967-00109199 also since when exactly has the state
9FzSx8vSdvM-00497-00109200-00109423 been making these reports on statutory
9FzSx8vSdvM-00498-00109424-00109886 limitations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00499-00109888-00110071 i didn't catch the trail off end of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00500-00110072-00110263 question there but then i'm happy to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00501-00110264-00110558 jump in we so our legislative director
9FzSx8vSdvM-00502-00110559-00110815 in the secretary of state's office has
9FzSx8vSdvM-00503-00110816-00110902 as ben mentioned we're going to be
9FzSx8vSdvM-00504-00110903-00111095 presenting to legislators
9FzSx8vSdvM-00505-00111096-00111254 this audit shortly
9FzSx8vSdvM-00506-00111255-00111510 but we've actually our
9FzSx8vSdvM-00507-00111511-00111647 legislative director has actually
9FzSx8vSdvM-00508-00111648-00111823 reached out to legislators based on this
9FzSx8vSdvM-00509-00111824-00112095 follow-up to to find out you know if
9FzSx8vSdvM-00510-00112096-00112247 there would be bills being introduced
9FzSx8vSdvM-00511-00112248-00112390 and who the legislative champions would
9FzSx8vSdvM-00512-00112391-00112502 be for to implement some of these
9FzSx8vSdvM-00513-00112503-00112927 statutory changes that are needed
9FzSx8vSdvM-00514-00112928-00113151 but what about oha specifically i mean
9FzSx8vSdvM-00515-00113152-00113375 what has oha been doing with
9FzSx8vSdvM-00516-00113376-00113471 on the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00517-00113472-00113727 legislative front for the last
9FzSx8vSdvM-00518-00113728-00114047 four years
9FzSx8vSdvM-00519-00114048-00114134 i don't
9FzSx8vSdvM-00520-00114135-00114263 i'm not sure that we're prepared to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00521-00114264-00114463 speak to what their actions have been
9FzSx8vSdvM-00522-00114464-00114631 ian is there anything in the follow-up
9FzSx8vSdvM-00523-00114632-00114863 report on that i i know we got some
9FzSx8vSdvM-00524-00114864-00115119 details around what actions they took i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00525-00115120-00115319 don't know them off the top of my head
9FzSx8vSdvM-00526-00115320-00115510 but we can go into our work papers to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00527-00115511-00115695 see what sort of evidence
9FzSx8vSdvM-00528-00115696-00115919 uh were provided to our team that would
9FzSx8vSdvM-00529-00115920-00116263 be attenuated i'm sorry
9FzSx8vSdvM-00530-00116264-00116478 you're good yeah i would success and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00531-00116479-00116678 definitely not speaking for oha but i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00532-00116679-00116863 have talked to their leadership and just
9FzSx8vSdvM-00533-00116864-00117039 in general about it and it's kind of a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00534-00117040-00117199 shift our office is making a little bit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00535-00117200-00117375 in terms of legislative recommendations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00536-00117376-00117527 through the agency because i do believe
9FzSx8vSdvM-00537-00117528-00117702 they feel like they're limited and they
9FzSx8vSdvM-00538-00117703-00117878 have other legislative priorities as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00539-00117879-00118054 well that they're running within such a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00540-00118055-00118254 large agency during a pandemic as well
9FzSx8vSdvM-00541-00118255-00118471 so we are actually to the secretary's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00542-00118472-00118639 good point engaging in a lot more
9FzSx8vSdvM-00543-00118640-00118919 proactive legislative direct outreach
9FzSx8vSdvM-00544-00118920-00119110 strategy on some of these audits so i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00545-00119111-00119254 would say it's fair to say i think they
9FzSx8vSdvM-00546-00119255-00119478 worked uh forward on the statutes as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00547-00119479-00119654 best as they feel they can in in their
9FzSx8vSdvM-00548-00119655-00119854 bigger quiver but i do think they also
9FzSx8vSdvM-00549-00119855-00119990 think they're limited in what they're
9FzSx8vSdvM-00550-00119991-00120319 able to do there um and and so you know
9FzSx8vSdvM-00551-00120320-00120439 haven't gone as far as we would have
9FzSx8vSdvM-00552-00120440-00120647 hoped but with understanding of some of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00553-00120648-00121151 their limitations
9FzSx8vSdvM-00554-00121152-00121319 thanks kip thanks ian
9FzSx8vSdvM-00555-00121320-00121671 um kirsten you were next
9FzSx8vSdvM-00556-00121672-00121910 well uh secretary and kip you both
9FzSx8vSdvM-00557-00121911-00122078 mentioned that you guys have personal
9FzSx8vSdvM-00558-00122079-00122399 connections to this issue um and i just
9FzSx8vSdvM-00559-00122400-00122590 wanted to know if you have a final
9FzSx8vSdvM-00560-00122591-00122734 message to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00561-00122735-00122910 lawmakers right now as to why they
9FzSx8vSdvM-00562-00122911-00123007 should take
9FzSx8vSdvM-00563-00123008-00123239 action uh surrounding this audit in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00564-00123240-00123390 near future what would that be and what
9FzSx8vSdvM-00565-00123391-00123566 would that look like what changes would
9FzSx8vSdvM-00566-00123567-00123886 you like to see
9FzSx8vSdvM-00567-00123888-00124078 the changes i'd like to see are the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00568-00124079-00124263 changes that are recommended in the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00569-00124264-00124471 audit this is work done by professionals
9FzSx8vSdvM-00570-00124472-00124614 that have looked at other states that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00571-00124615-00124695 don't
9FzSx8vSdvM-00572-00124696-00124919 have the same level of problem that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00573-00124920-00125134 oregon does and so i would certainly
9FzSx8vSdvM-00574-00125135-00125334 look to the audit and again to the point
9FzSx8vSdvM-00575-00125335-00125543 earlier this is not the entire
9FzSx8vSdvM-00576-00125544-00125775 drug epidemic this is one part of it and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00577-00125776-00125886 our auditors because of their
9FzSx8vSdvM-00578-00125888-00126023 professional standards have to look at
9FzSx8vSdvM-00579-00126024-00126166 just one part they can't go outside
9FzSx8vSdvM-00580-00126167-00126414 their scope but the message i would just
9FzSx8vSdvM-00581-00126415-00126614 leave them with is that these are not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00582-00126615-00126831 numbers these are people these are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00583-00126832-00126927 people's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00584-00126928-00127183 parents and kids and uncles and brothers
9FzSx8vSdvM-00585-00127183-00127399 and siblings and friends and co-workers
9FzSx8vSdvM-00586-00127400-00127623 and these are real lives at stake and if
9FzSx8vSdvM-00587-00127624-00127758 there's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00588-00127759-00127951 anything more important that we do as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00589-00127952-00128183 public servants in oregon it would be to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00590-00128183-00128334 take action to save the lives of the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00591-00128335-00128751 people of oregon
9FzSx8vSdvM-00592-00128752-00128919 and i can't top that great answer but
9FzSx8vSdvM-00593-00128920-00129086 what i will say is this i mean it's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00594-00129088-00129286 right to the secretary of my goal of
9FzSx8vSdvM-00595-00129288-00129495 transparency and public trust and so i
9FzSx8vSdvM-00596-00129496-00129727 think one thing the audit revealed here
9FzSx8vSdvM-00597-00129728-00129943 there are legitimate discussions and we
9FzSx8vSdvM-00598-00129944-00130102 put in the report about first amendment
9FzSx8vSdvM-00599-00130103-00130271 rights and privacy rights here we're not
9FzSx8vSdvM-00600-00130272-00130447 ignoring those other states don't ignore
9FzSx8vSdvM-00601-00130448-00130614 those but in the end we need more
9FzSx8vSdvM-00602-00130615-00130878 transparency the data analysis we did
9FzSx8vSdvM-00603-00130879-00131095 was glaring i i really hope as you read
9FzSx8vSdvM-00604-00131096-00131247 the report in the original report the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00605-00131248-00131471 presentations we had are just shocking
9FzSx8vSdvM-00606-00131472-00131671 in some of the data analysis and i'll
9FzSx8vSdvM-00607-00131672-00131814 accredit our team they did some great
9FzSx8vSdvM-00608-00131815-00132014 data analysis work some sophisticated
9FzSx8vSdvM-00609-00132015-00132151 but at the same time it wasn't that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00610-00132152-00132319 sophisticated and oha certainly had the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00611-00132320-00132519 capability and technical expertise
9FzSx8vSdvM-00612-00132520-00132743 inside so i think to to the secretary's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00613-00132744-00132951 good point about people's let's get more
9FzSx8vSdvM-00614-00132952-00133102 transparency and i think have a little
9FzSx8vSdvM-00615-00133103-00133399 bit more open and honest um discussion
9FzSx8vSdvM-00616-00133400-00133583 about about these risks here there are
9FzSx8vSdvM-00617-00133584-00133759 no easy solutions we're not pretending
9FzSx8vSdvM-00618-00133760-00133895 there are but i think the more
9FzSx8vSdvM-00619-00133896-00134047 transparency and the more data you can
9FzSx8vSdvM-00620-00134048-00134190 put out there to help stakeholders and
9FzSx8vSdvM-00621-00134191-00134375 the public understand the risk and then
9FzSx8vSdvM-00622-00134376-00134511 put a people face on us what we're going
9FzSx8vSdvM-00623-00134512-00134671 to try to do and that's what we hope the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00624-00134672-00135183 outcome is
9FzSx8vSdvM-00625-00135184-00135390 thanks i want to invite anyone on the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00626-00135391-00135559 call who has additional questions to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00627-00135560-00135687 jump in at this point we do have a
9FzSx8vSdvM-00628-00135688-00135847 couple more minutes i want to make sure
9FzSx8vSdvM-00629-00135848-00136975 we get to everybody
9FzSx8vSdvM-00630-00136976-00137111 okay
9FzSx8vSdvM-00631-00137112-00137423 well seeing nothing i just want to again
9FzSx8vSdvM-00632-00137424-00137671 thank everyone for for jumping on here
9FzSx8vSdvM-00633-00137672-00137854 um i'll remind folks that uh the
9FzSx8vSdvM-00634-00137855-00138014 recording of this event will be
9FzSx8vSdvM-00635-00138015-00138263 available i'll email it out to everyone
9FzSx8vSdvM-00636-00138264-00138463 on our rsvp list
9FzSx8vSdvM-00637-00138464-00138614 uh in
9FzSx8vSdvM-00638-00138615-00138823 about an hour so after i can download it
9FzSx8vSdvM-00639-00138824-00138927 and get it all set up and then we'll
9FzSx8vSdvM-00640-00138928-00139151 also be uploading it to our youtube page
9FzSx8vSdvM-00641-00139152-00139247 um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00642-00139248-00139478 before we jump off i just want to invite
9FzSx8vSdvM-00643-00139479-00139614 anyone from our team if they have any
9FzSx8vSdvM-00644-00139615-00139759 final comments they'd like to make to
9FzSx8vSdvM-00645-00139760-00140135 send us off
9FzSx8vSdvM-00646-00140136-00140399 one comment i'd like to make is you know
9FzSx8vSdvM-00647-00140400-00140614 this isn't our last audit in this space
9FzSx8vSdvM-00648-00140615-00140790 you know we're currently doing an audit
9FzSx8vSdvM-00649-00140791-00141087 of measure 110 and looking at substance
9FzSx8vSdvM-00650-00141088-00141311 use disorder and treatment services here
9FzSx8vSdvM-00651-00141312-00141527 in oregon we've got several audits
9FzSx8vSdvM-00652-00141528-00141647 planned on that
9FzSx8vSdvM-00653-00141648-00141871 one will be released later this fall as
9FzSx8vSdvM-00654-00141872-00142143 well some in the coming years so um it's
9FzSx8vSdvM-00655-00142144-00142351 an issue that's important to all of us
9FzSx8vSdvM-00656-00142352-00142559 here
9FzSx8vSdvM-00657-00142560-00142871 great thank you ian thanks everyone um
9FzSx8vSdvM-00658-00142872-00143039 that'll do it for today we'll see you
9FzSx8vSdvM-00659-00143040-00143143 next time
9FzSx8vSdvM-00660-00143144-00143467 take care
9H0wsNkP8pc-00000-00001253-00003535 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00001-00003536-00003795 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00002-00003796-00004984 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00003-00004985-00006302 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00004-00006303-00007056 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00005-00007056-00008247 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00006-00008248-00008487 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00007-00008488-00009553 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00009-00016047-00016181 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00010-00016182-00017583 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00011-00017584-00017930 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00012-00017931-00018911 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00013-00018912-00019092 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00014-00019093-00019596 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00015-00019597-00019807 [Applause]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00016-00019808-00021750 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00017-00021751-00022472 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00018-00022473-00023167 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00019-00023168-00023529 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00020-00023530-00025902 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00021-00025904-00026004 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00022-00026005-00026689 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00023-00026691-00026783 [Applause]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00025-00031616-00032116 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00027-00035600-00035747 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00028-00035748-00036405 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00029-00036406-00038535 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00030-00038536-00038668 do
9H0wsNkP8pc-00031-00038669-00040190 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00032-00040191-00040482 so
9H0wsNkP8pc-00033-00040483-00042695 [Music]
9H0wsNkP8pc-00034-00042696-00042903 you
9HG54N32Wbg-00000-00000058-00000347 and here's how we can do hello world in
9HG54N32Wbg-00001-00000348-00000599 Eclipse so I've got eclipse open file
9HG54N32Wbg-00002-00000600-00000889 new we want to start a new Java project
9HG54N32Wbg-00003-00000890-00001266 great project name let's just call this
9HG54N32Wbg-00004-00001267-00002114 let's call this test files perfect next
9HG54N32Wbg-00005-00002115-00002720 I think we're all set so now we've got a
9HG54N32Wbg-00006-00002721-00003151 Java project first thing we want to do
9HG54N32Wbg-00007-00003152-00003556 is make a new package packages are for a
9HG54N32Wbg-00008-00003557-00003890 group of related classes and related
9HG54N32Wbg-00009-00003890-00004258 files so right click file new package
9HG54N32Wbg-00010-00004259-00004576 customary to name the package with the
9HG54N32Wbg-00011-00004577-00004865 domain name so since we're ad a stop mr.
9HG54N32Wbg-00012-00004866-00005192 Paul net it's gonna be net dot mr. Paul
9HG54N32Wbg-00013-00005193-00005549 DDS will us Paul because it's I'm the
9HG54N32Wbg-00014-00005550-00005836 one working and we'll finish by calling
9HG54N32Wbg-00015-00005837-00006614 this lecture zero zero zero two so it's
9HG54N32Wbg-00016-00006615-00006878 good finish up great now we've got a new
9HG54N32Wbg-00017-00006879-00007091 package let's make a new class in that
9HG54N32Wbg-00018-00007092-00007484 package right click new class see our
9HG54N32Wbg-00019-00007484-00007664 package auto populates we're gonna call
9HG54N32Wbg-00020-00007665-00008146 this hello world everything else we can
9HG54N32Wbg-00021-00008147-00008606 leave as default great got our new class
9HG54N32Wbg-00022-00008607-00008744 file you see we have a package statement
9HG54N32Wbg-00023-00008745-00008899 on top telling us what package this
9HG54N32Wbg-00024-00008900-00009071 class is in it actually already gave us
9HG54N32Wbg-00025-00009072-00009278 public class HelloWorld that's nice of
9HG54N32Wbg-00026-00009279-00009578 it let's start by typing in the main
9HG54N32Wbg-00027-00009579-00009931 method public static void main string
9HG54N32Wbg-00028-00009932-00010624 args we'll go ahead and open our
9HG54N32Wbg-00029-00010625-00010799 parentheses open our curly braces rather
9HG54N32Wbg-00030-00010800-00011006 hit enter you see it actually adds in
9HG54N32Wbg-00031-00011007-00011188 the closing curly brace for us
9HG54N32Wbg-00032-00011189-00011392 automatically that's nice but don't get
9HG54N32Wbg-00033-00011393-00011692 lazy then we'll add the one line of code
9HG54N32Wbg-00034-00011693-00012220 system dot out dot print line hello
9HG54N32Wbg-00035-00012221-00012649 eclipse and last but not least make sure
9HG54N32Wbg-00036-00012650-00012965 to enter a semicolon at the end give
9HG54N32Wbg-00037-00012966-00013166 your code a quick once-over oh no
9HG54N32Wbg-00038-00013166-00013329 comments
9HG54N32Wbg-00039-00013330-00013908 hello world in Eclipse
9HG54N32Wbg-00040-00013909-00014185 looks like we're all good maybe we can
9HG54N32Wbg-00041-00014186-00014532 add in one more comment here Prince
9HG54N32Wbg-00042-00014533-00014863 hello eclipse but that comments not
9HG54N32Wbg-00043-00014863-00014959 really necessary because it's pretty
9HG54N32Wbg-00044-00014960-00015163 obvious from the code itself let's go
9HG54N32Wbg-00045-00015163-00015346 ahead and run our code see we have the
9HG54N32Wbg-00046-00015347-00015941 run button up here just click run and
9HG54N32Wbg-00047-00015943-00016282 look down here in the console hello
9HG54N32Wbg-00048-00016283-00016705 Eclipse appeared all set
9HJ9M52agq4-00000-00000051-00000317 the one will see Danish Wandel Haven
9HJ9M52agq4-00001-00000318-00000553 also known as McKinley C is a body of
9HJ9M52agq4-00002-00000554-00000761 water in the Arctic Ocean stretching
9HJ9M52agq4-00003-00000762-00000949 from northeast of Greenland to Svalbard
9HJ9M52agq4-00004-00000950-00001251 it is obstructed by ice most of the year
9HJ9M52agq4-00005-00001252-00001519 this C is named after Danish polar
9HJ9M52agq4-00006-00001520-00001766 explorer and hydrographer Vice Admiral
9HJ9M52agq4-00007-00001767-00001948 Karl Frederick Juan del who in years
9HJ9M52agq4-00008-00001950-00002293 1895 296 explored the coastal waters of
9HJ9M52agq4-00009-00002294-00002476 Greenland as part of the Danish engulfed
9HJ9M52agq4-00010-00002477-00002902 expedition
9HJ9M52agq4-00011-00002903-00003379 topic geography
9HJ9M52agq4-00012-00003379-00003784 topic this Arctic sea is located at 82
9HJ9M52agq4-00013-00003785-00004036 degrees north longitude and 21 degrees
9HJ9M52agq4-00014-00004036-00004333 west latitude seas farther north and
9HJ9M52agq4-00015-00004334-00004507 northwest of the wand LC were once
9HJ9M52agq4-00016-00004508-00004722 frozen year-round but now may have open
9HJ9M52agq4-00017-00004723-00004993 water in late summer as in August 2018
9HJ9M52agq4-00018-00004994-00005515 FTP : / / of TP - projects een uni -
9HJ9M52agq4-00019-00005516-00006079 hamburg de CI / MSR - / 3.125 km /
9HJ9M52agq4-00020-00006080-00006354 closing parentheses the one we'll see
9HJ9M52agq4-00021-00006355-00006556 stretches as far west as Cape Morris
9HJ9M52agq4-00022-00006556-00006826 Jessup further west as the Lincoln C in
9HJ9M52agq4-00023-00006827-00007039 the south it stretches - nor dust
9HJ9M52agq4-00024-00007040-00007240 rending again the wand will see connects
9HJ9M52agq4-00025-00007241-00007393 to the Greenland Sea in the south
9HJ9M52agq4-00026-00007394-00007674 through the Fram Strait independence
9HJ9M52agq4-00027-00007675-00007899 fjord and Frederick II hyde fewer dar -
9HJ9M52agq4-00028-00007900-00008062 great fjords of the far north east
9HJ9M52agq4-00029-00008063-00008251 greenland Coast having their mouths in
9HJ9M52agq4-00030-00008252-00008705 the wand we'll see
9HJ9M52agq4-00031-00008706-00009223 topic see also
9HJ9M52agq4-00032-00009224-00009805 topic list of seas
9HJ9M52agq4-00033-00009806-00010330 topic references
9HJ9M52agq4-00034-00010331-00010621 topic
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00000-00000050-00000339 the British Indian Ocean Territory bo is
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00001-00000340-00000538 an overseas territory of the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00002-00000539-00000715 Kingdom situated in the Indian Ocean
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00003-00000716-00000943 halfway between Tanzania and Indonesia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00004-00000944-00001264 the territory comprises the Seven atolls
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00005-00001265-00001534 of the Chagos archipelago with over 1000
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00006-00001535-00001738 individual islands many very small
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00007-00001739-00001983 amounting to a total land area of 60
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00008-00001984-00002314 square kilometers 23 square miles the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00009-00002315-00002514 largest and most southerly island as
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00010-00002515-00002835 Diego Garcia 27 square kilometres 10
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00011-00002836-00003018 square miles the site of a joint
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00012-00003019-00003244 military facility of the United Kingdom
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00013-00003245-00003504 in the United States the only
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00014-00003506-00003733 inhabitants are US and British military
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00015-00003734-00003985 personnel and associated contractors who
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00016-00003986-00004306 collectively number around 2,500 2012
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00017-00004307-00004597 figures the removal of chickens from the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00018-00004598-00004882 Chagos archipelago occurred between 1968
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00019-00004883-00005260 and 1973 the Chagossians then numbering
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00020-00005261-00005479 about 2000 people were expelled by the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00021-00005480-00005635 British government to Mauritius and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00022-00005636-00005856 Seychelles to allow the United States to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00023-00005857-00006123 build a joint UK US military base there
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00024-00006124-00006414 today the exiled Czech oceans are still
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00025-00006415-00006619 trying to return arguing that the forced
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00026-00006620-00006820 expulsion and dispossession was illegal
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00027-00006820-00007059 the islands are off-limits to Czech
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00028-00007061-00007323 oceans casual tourists and the media
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00029-00007323-00007596 since the 1980s the government of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00030-00007597-00007759 Mauritius has sought to regain control
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00031-00007759-00007989 over the Chagos archipelago which was
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00032-00007990-00008161 separated from the British colony of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00033-00008162-00008473 Mauritius by the UK in 1965 to form the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00034-00008474-00008739 British Indian Ocean Territory on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00035-00008740-00009058 23rd of June 2017 the United Nations
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00036-00009059-00009157 General Assembly
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00037-00009158-00009361 Unga voted in favour of referring the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00038-00009362-00009571 territorial dispute between Mauritius
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00039-00009572-00009771 and the UK to the International Court of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00040-00009772-00010027 Justice ICJ in order to clarify the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00041-00010028-00010228 legal status of the Chagos Islands
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00042-00010229-00010483 archipelago in the Indian Ocean the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00043-00010484-00010684 motion was approved by a majority vote
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00044-00010685-00011286 with 94 voting for and 15 against
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00045-00011287-00011742 topic history
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00046-00011743-00012072 topic mal div Ian's Mariners knew the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00047-00012073-00012321 Chagos Islands well in Mal divvying lore
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00048-00012322-00012507 they are known as full have ahi or halt
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00049-00012508-00012687 have a the latter name in the closer
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00050-00012688-00012812 southern Maldives
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00051-00012813-00013049 according to southern mal div Ian oral
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00052-00013050-00013238 tradition traders and fishermen were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00053-00013240-00013407 occasionally lost at sea and got
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00054-00013408-00013578 stranded on one of the islands of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00055-00013579-00013875 Chagos eventually they were rescued and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00056-00013876-00013962 brought back home
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00057-00013963-00014175 however these islands were judged to be
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00058-00014176-00014337 too far away from the seat of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00059-00014338-00014481 Maldive en crown to be settled
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00060-00014482-00014718 permanently by them thus for many
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00061-00014719-00014901 centuries the Chagos were ignored by
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00062-00014902-00015183 their northern neighbours the islands of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00063-00015184-00015429 Chagos archipelago were charted by Vasco
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00064-00015430-00015678 da Gama in the early 16th century then
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00065-00015679-00015903 claimed in the 18th century by France as
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00066-00015904-00016125 a possession of Mauritius they were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00067-00016126-00016347 first settled in the 18th century by
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00068-00016347-00016563 African slaves and Indian contractors
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00069-00016564-00016725 brought by Franco Murray shion's to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00070-00016726-00017031 found coconut plantations in 1810
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00071-00017032-00017241 Mauritius was captured by the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00072-00017242-00017385 Kingdom and France ceded the territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00073-00017386-00017829 in the Treaty of Paris in 1965 the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00074-00017830-00018006 United Kingdom split the Chagos
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00075-00018007-00018189 archipelago from Mauritius and the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00076-00018190-00018387 islands of Aldabra Farquhar and des
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00077-00018388-00018615 Roches de Roche from the Seychelles to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00078-00018616-00018800 form the British Indian Ocean Territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00079-00018801-00019008 the purpose was to allow the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00080-00019009-00019244 construction of military facilities for
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00081-00019245-00019452 the mutual benefit of the United Kingdom
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00082-00019453-00019713 and the United States the islands were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00083-00019714-00019902 formally established as an overseas
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00084-00019903-00020100 territory of the United Kingdom on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00085-00020101-00020519 8th of November 1965 on the 23rd of June
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00086-00020520-00020805 1976 Aldabra Farquhar and des Roches
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00087-00020806-00021018 were returned to Seychelles as a result
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00088-00021019-00021200 of its attaining independence
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00089-00021201-00021465 subsequently bo has consisted only of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00090-00021466-00021660 the six main island groups comprising
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00091-00021661-00022041 the Chagos archipelago in 1990 the first
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00092-00022042-00022338 bo flag was unfurled this flag which
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00093-00022339-00022527 also contains the Union Jack has
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00094-00022528-00022734 depictions of the Indian Ocean where the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00095-00022735-00022935 islands are located in the form of white
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00096-00022936-00023136 and blue wavy lines and also a palm tree
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00097-00023137-00023690 rising above the British crown
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00098-00023691-00024260 topic forced depopulation
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00099-00024261-00024698 topic in 1966 the British government
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00100-00024699-00024872 purchased the privately owned copper
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00101-00024873-00025124 plantations and closed them over the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00102-00025125-00025294 next five years the British authorities
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00103-00025295-00025550 forcibly and clandestinely removed the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00104-00025551-00025772 entire population of about two thousand
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00105-00025773-00025925 people known as Chagossians
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00106-00025926-00026162 or ill WA from Diego Garcia and two
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00107-00026163-00026411 other Chagos atolls Parros Bono's and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00108-00026412-00026576 Solomon Islands to Mauritius
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00109-00026577-00026920 in 1971 the United Kingdom and the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00110-00026922-00027127 United States signed a treaty leasing
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00111-00027129-00027341 the island of Diego Garcia to the US
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00112-00027342-00027548 military for the purposes of building a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00113-00027549-00027733 large air and naval base on the island
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00114-00027733-00027980 the deal was important to the UK
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00115-00027981-00028189 government as the United States granted
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00116-00028191-00028345 it a substantial discount on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00117-00028347-00028558 purchase of Polaris nuclear missiles in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00118-00028560-00028727 return for the use of the islands as a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00119-00028727-00029006 base the strategic location of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00120-00029007-00029192 island was also significant at the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00121-00029193-00029339 center of the Indian Ocean and to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00122-00029339-00029560 counter any Soviet threat in the region
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00123-00029561-00029845 work on the military base commenced in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00124-00029845-00030127 1971 with a large air base with several
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00125-00030129-00030347 long-range runways constructed as well
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00126-00030348-00030533 as a harbour suitable for large naval
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00127-00030533-00030830 vessels although classed as a joint UK
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00128-00030831-00031070 US base in practice it is primarily
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00129-00031070-00031298 staffed by the US military although the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00130-00031299-00031489 British maintain a garrison at all times
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00131-00031491-00031720 and Royal Air Force long-range patrol
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00132-00031722-00031990 aircraft are deployed there the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00133-00031991-00032195 States Air Force used the base during
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00134-00032195-00032519 the 1991 Gulf War in the 2001 war in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00135-00032520-00032857 Afghanistan as well as the 2003 Iraq war
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00136-00032858-00033179 during the 1980s Mauritius asserted a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00137-00033180-00033362 claim to sovereignty for the territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00138-00033363-00033662 citing the 1965 separation as illegal
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00139-00033663-00033854 under international law despite their
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00140-00033855-00034121 apparent agreement at the time the UK
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00141-00034122-00034406 does not recognize Mauritius s claim but
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00142-00034407-00034601 has agreed to cede the territory to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00143-00034602-00034817 Mauritius when it is no longer required
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00144-00034818-00035168 for defence purposes the Seychelles also
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00145-00035169-00035381 made a sovereignty claim on the islands
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00146-00035382-00035576 the Islanders who now reside in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00147-00035577-00035768 Mauritius and the Seychelles have
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00148-00035769-00035939 continually asserted their right to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00149-00035940-00036227 return to Diego Garcia winning important
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00150-00036228-00036415 legal victories in the English High
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00151-00036416-00036935 Court in 2000 2006 in 2007 however in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00152-00036936-00037150 the High Court and Court of Appeal in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00153-00037151-00037543 2003 and 2004 the Islanders
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00154-00037544-00037793 application for further compensation on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00155-00037794-00038074 top of the 14.5 million pounds value
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00156-00038075-00038264 package of compensation they had already
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00157-00038265-00038483 received was dismissed by the court on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00158-00038484-00038740 the 11th of May 2006 the High Court
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00159-00038741-00038949 ruled that a 2004 order-in-council
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00160-00038950-00039185 preventing the Chagossians resettlement
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00161-00039186-00039343 of the islands was unlawful and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00162-00039344-00039521 consequently that the Czech oceans were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00163-00039522-00039712 entitled to return to the outer islands
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00164-00039713-00040033 of the Chagos archipelago on the 23rd of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00165-00040034-00040301 May 2007 this was confirmed by the Court
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00166-00040302-00040555 of Appeal in a visit sponsored by the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00167-00040556-00040765 British government the Islanders visited
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00168-00040766-00040987 diego garcia and other islands on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00169-00040988-00041258 3rd of april 2006 for humanitarian
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00170-00041259-00041446 purposes including the tending of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00171-00041447-00041752 graves of their ancestors on the 22nd of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00172-00041753-00042020 october 2008 the British government won
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00173-00042021-00042155 an appeal to the House of Lords
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00174-00042156-00042364 regarding the Royal Prerogative use to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00175-00042365-00042548 continue excluding the Chagossians from
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00176-00042549-00042737 their homeland according to a WikiLeaks
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00177-00042738-00042977 disclosure document in a calculated move
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00178-00042978-00043235 in 2009 to prevent resettlement of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00179-00043236-00043460 Biot by the Chagossians the UK proposed
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00180-00043461-00043699 that the Biot become a marine reserve
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00181-00043700-00043918 with the aim of preventing the former
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00182-00043919-00044074 inhabitants from returning to the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00183-00044075-00044336 islands the summary of the diplomatic
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00184-00044337-00044671 cable is as follows HMG would like to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00185-00044672-00045039 establish a Marine Park or reserve
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00186-00045040-00045299 providing comprehensive environmental
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00187-00045300-00045482 protection to the reefs and waters of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00188-00045483-00045727 the British Indian Ocean Territory bo a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00189-00045728-00045905 senior Foreign and Commonwealth Office
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00190-00045906-00046001 FCO
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00191-00046002-00046195 official informed pole counts on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00192-00046196-00046474 12th of May the official insisted that
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00193-00046475-00046685 the establishment of a Marine Park the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00194-00046686-00046883 world's largest would in no way impinge
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00195-00046884-00047146 on USG use of the Biot including diego
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00196-00047147-00047462 garcia for military purposes he agreed
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00197-00047463-00047693 that the UK and US should carefully
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00198-00047694-00047893 negotiate the details of the marine
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00199-00047894-00048104 reserve to assure that US interests were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00200-00048105-00048308 safeguarded and the strategic value of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00201-00048309-00048623 BO was upheld he said that the BI oaties
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00202-00048624-00048799 former inhabitants would find it
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00203-00048800-00049015 difficult if not impossible to pursue
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00204-00049016-00049165 their claim for resettlement on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00205-00049166-00049339 islands if the entire Chagos archipelago
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00206-00049340-00049702 were a marine reserve the UK government
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00207-00049703-00049901 established a marine reserve in April
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00208-00049902-00050105 2010 to mixed reactions from Czech
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00209-00050106-00050371 oceans while the UK Foreign Office
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00210-00050372-00050518 claimed that it was an environmental
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00211-00050519-00050732 move as well as a necessary move to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00212-00050733-00050906 improve the coral populations
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00213-00050907-00051128 East Africa and therefore sub-saharan
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00214-00051129-00051316 marine supplies some chick oceans
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00215-00051317-00051466 claimed that the reserve would prevent
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00216-00051467-00051659 any resettlement due to the inability to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00217-00051660-00051953 fish in protected areas the chosen
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00218-00051954-00052246 uk-based Diego Garcia Society stated
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00219-00052247-00052370 that it welcomed the Marine Reserve
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00220-00052371-00052553 noting that it was in the interest of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00221-00052554-00052751 chick oceans to have the area protected
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00222-00052752-00052907 while they were exiled and that it could
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00223-00052908-00053179 be renegotiated upon resettlement the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00224-00053180-00053351 Foreign Office claimed the reserve was
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00225-00053352-00053609 made without prejudice to the outcome of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00226-00053610-00053798 the current pending proceedings before
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00227-00053799-00054061 the European Court of Human Rights on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00228-00054062-00054401 the 1st of December 2010 a leaked US
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00229-00054402-00054638 embassy London diplomatic cable exposed
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00230-00054639-00054845 British and US communications in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00231-00054846-00055100 creating the marine nature reserve the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00232-00055101-00055322 cable relays exchanges between US
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00233-00055323-00055529 political councilor Richard Mills and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00234-00055529-00055685 British director of the Foreign and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00235-00055686-00055886 Commonwealth Office Colin Roberts in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00236-00055887-00056171 which Roberts asserted that establishing
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00237-00056172-00056402 a Marine Park would in effect put paid
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00238-00056403-00056554 to resettlement claims of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00239-00056555-00056897 archipelago's former residents Richard
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00240-00056898-00057152 Mills concludes establishing a marine
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00241-00057153-00057395 reserve might indeed as the SC O's
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00242-00057396-00057632 Robert stated be the most effective
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00243-00057633-00057815 long-term way to prevent any of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00244-00057816-00058058 Chagos Islands former inhabitants or
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00245-00058059-00058247 their descendants from resettling in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00246-00058248-00058724 BL the cable reference ID o 9 L o and D
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00247-00058725-00059234 o n 1 156 was classified as confidential
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00248-00059235-00059516 in no foreigners and leaked as part of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00249-00059516-00059923 the Cablegate cache
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00250-00059924-00060540 topic government politics and law
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00251-00060541-00060911 topic
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00252-00060912-00061373 topic government
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00253-00061374-00061685 topic has a territory of the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00254-00061686-00061916 Kingdom the head of state is Elizabeth
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00255-00061916-00062129 the second there is no governor
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00256-00062129-00062303 appointed to represent the Queen on the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00257-00062304-00062477 territory as there are no longer any
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00258-00062478-00062723 native inhabitants the head of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00259-00062724-00062912 government as the commissioner currently
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00260-00062913-00063215 been Marik since August 2017 replacing
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00261-00063216-00063413 John Kibler an administrator John
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00262-00063414-00063662 McManus since April 2011 replacing
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00263-00063663-00063896 Joanne jeden all of whom reside in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00264-00063897-00064117 United Kingdom the commissioners
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00265-00064119-00064319 representative in the territory as the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00266-00064320-00064502 officer commanding the detachment of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00267-00064503-00064928 British forces
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00268-00064929-00065398 topic politics in law
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00269-00065399-00065731 topic the laws of the territory are
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00270-00065732-00065941 based on the Constitution set out in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00271-00065942-00066102 British Indian Ocean Territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00272-00066103-00066388 Constitution ordered 2004 which gives
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00273-00066389-00066550 the Commissioner full powers to make
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00274-00066551-00066775 laws for the territory if the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00275-00066776-00066949 Commissioner has not made a law on a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00276-00066950-00067120 particular topic then in most
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00277-00067121-00067345 circumstances the laws that apply in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00278-00067346-00067534 Biot are the same as those that apply in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00279-00067535-00067696 England under the terms of the courts
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00280-00067697-00068056 ordinance 1983 as almost all residents
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00281-00068057-00068227 of the Biot are members of the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00282-00068228-00068455 States military however in practice
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00283-00068456-00068638 crimes are more commonly charged under
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00284-00068639-00068968 United States military law applicable
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00285-00068969-00069172 treaties between the United Kingdom and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00286-00069173-00069367 the United States govern the use of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00287-00069368-00069643 military base the United States is
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00288-00069644-00069847 required to ask permission of the United
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00289-00069848-00070033 Kingdom to use the base for offensive
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00290-00070034-00070426 military action
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00291-00070427-00070957 topic geography
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00292-00070958-00071323 topic the territory is an archipelago of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00293-00071324-00071584 55 islands the largest being Diego
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00294-00071585-00071812 Garcia accounting for almost half of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00295-00071813-00072028 total land area of the territory which
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00296-00072029-00072325 is 60 square kilometres the terrain is
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00297-00072326-00072529 flat and low with most areas not
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00298-00072530-00072813 exceeding 2 metres above sea level the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00299-00072814-00073056 climate is tropical marine hot humid and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00300-00073057-00073510 moderated by trade winds in 2010 545
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00301-00073511-00073912 thousand square kilometres 210,000 426
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00302-00073913-00074140 square miles of ocean around the islands
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00303-00074141-00074317 was declared a marine reserve with the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00304-00074318-00074542 exception of one two-lane motorway most
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00305-00074543-00074734 of the islands in the territory have no
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00306-00074735-00074850 roads of any sort
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00307-00074851-00075126 Diego Garcia has a short stretch of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00308-00075127-00075325 paved road between the port and airfield
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00309-00075326-00075603 otherwise transport is mostly by bicycle
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00310-00075604-00075784 Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00311-00075785-00076069 s military base is home to the territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00312-00076070-00076456 s only airport at 3,000 metres long it
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00313-00076457-00076687 is capable of supporting heavy USAF
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00314-00076688-00076938 bombers such as the b1 would have been
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00315-00076939-00077122 able to support the Space Shuttle in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00316-00077123-00077382 event of a mission abort it also has a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00317-00077383-00077722 major seaport there is also a marina bus
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00318-00077723-00077887 service along the main road of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00319-00077888-00078088 island the island had many wagon ways
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00320-00078089-00078268 which were donkey hauled narrow gauge
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00321-00078269-00078475 railroads for the transport of coconut
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00322-00078476-00078742 carts these are no longer in use and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00323-00078743-00079143 have deteriorated
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00324-00079144-00079671 topic conservation
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00325-00079672-00080070 topic on the 1st of April 2010 the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00326-00080071-00080346 Chagos marine protected area mpa was
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00327-00080347-00080520 declared to cover the waters around the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00328-00080521-00080658 Chagos archipelago
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00329-00080659-00080925 however mauritius objected stating this
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00330-00080926-00081141 was contrary to its legal rights and on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00331-00081142-00081399 the 18th of March 2015 the permanent
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00332-00081400-00081573 Court of Arbitration ruled that the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00333-00081574-00081807 Chagos marine protected area was illegal
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00334-00081808-00081999 under the United Nations Convention on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00335-00082000-00082179 the law of the sea as Mauritius had
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00336-00082180-00082368 legally binding rights to fish in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00337-00082369-00082512 waters surrounding the Chagos
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00338-00082513-00082740 archipelago to an eventual return of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00339-00082741-00082911 Chagos archipelago and to the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00340-00082912-00083094 preservation of any minerals or oil
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00341-00083095-00083271 discovered in or near the Chagos
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00342-00083272-00083532 archipelago prior to its return the MPAs
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00343-00083533-00083742 declaration doubled the total area of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00344-00083743-00083942 environmental no-take zones worldwide
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00345-00083943-00084239 the benefits of protecting this area
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00346-00084240-00084522 provides an environmental benchmark for
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00347-00084523-00084789 other areas unlike the rest of the world
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00348-00084790-00084993 the Biot has been relatively untouched
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00349-00084994-00085314 by man's actions providing a natural
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00350-00085315-00085524 laboratory to help understand climate
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00351-00085525-00085860 change opportunity for research related
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00352-00085861-00086067 to marine science biodiversity and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00353-00086068-00086385 climate change acting as a reserve for
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00354-00086386-00086630 species in danger in other areas
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00355-00086631-00086907 providing an export of surplus juveniles
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00356-00086908-00087153 larvae seeds and spores to help with
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00357-00087154-00087354 output in neighbouring areas the area
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00358-00087355-00087489 had already been declared an
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00359-00087490-00087651 environmental preservation and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00360-00087652-00087810 protection zone but since the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00361-00087811-00088044 establishment of the MPA fishing is no
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00362-00088045-00088380 longer permitted in the area MV Pacific
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00363-00088381-00088707 Marlin the Bo patrol vessel the MV
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00364-00088708-00088905 Pacific Marlin is based in Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00365-00088906-00089229 it is presently operated by the Swire
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00366-00089230-00089463 Pacific offshore group under a four-year
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00367-00089464-00089661 contract with the BOE administration
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00368-00089662-00089856 which was renewed on the 1st of January
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00369-00089857-00090228 2011 the MV Pacific Marlin patrols the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00370-00090229-00090414 marine reserve all year and since the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00371-00090415-00090618 marine reserve was designated in April
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00372-00090619-00090843 2010 the number of apprehensions of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00373-00090844-00091020 illegal vessels within the area has
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00374-00091021-00091296 increased the Pacific Marlin was built
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00375-00091297-00091641 in 1978 as an ocean-going tug it is
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00376-00091642-00091866 fifty seven point seven metres long with
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00377-00091867-00092085 a draught of 3.8 meters and gross
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00378-00092086-00092462 tonnage 1,200 it has a maximum speed of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00379-00092463-00092769 12.5 knots with an economic speed of 11
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00380-00092770-00093021 knots permitting a range of about 18,000
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00381-00093022-00093054 knot
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00382-00093055-00093342 miles and fuel endurance of 68 days it
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00383-00093343-00093894 is the oldest vessel in the Swire fleet
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00384-00093895-00094427 topic demographics
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00385-00094428-00094772 topic the total population was reported
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00386-00094773-00095171 at four thousand in 2006 of whom 2200
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00387-00095172-00095345 were American military personnel or
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00388-00095346-00095702 contractors 1400 were Filipino contract
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00389-00095703-00095930 workers 300 were Mauritian contract
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00390-00095931-00096131 workers and 100 were members of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00391-00096132-00096398 British Armed Forces it is believed the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00392-00096399-00096578 population has significantly decreased
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00393-00096579-00096827 since the end of u.s. bombing operations
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00394-00096828-00097354 from the island in August 2006
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00395-00097355-00097872 topic economy
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00396-00097873-00098211 topic all economic activity is
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00397-00098212-00098469 concentrated on Diego Garcia we're joint
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00398-00098470-00098682 anglo-american defense facilities are
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00399-00098683-00098991 located approximately 2,000 native
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00400-00098992-00099201 inhabitants known as the Chagossians or
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00401-00099202-00099408 ill Wow were forcibly relocated to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00402-00099409-00099585 Mauritius before construction of these
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00403-00099586-00099813 facilities in 1995 there were
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00404-00099814-00100185 approximately 1,700 UK and US military
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00405-00100186-00100509 personnel and 1,500 civilian contractors
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00406-00100510-00100746 living on the island construction
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00407-00100747-00100971 projects and various services needed to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00408-00100972-00101169 support the military installations are
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00409-00101170-00101367 carried out by military and contract
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00410-00101368-00101574 employees from Britain Mauritius the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00411-00101575-00101844 Philippines and the US there are no
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00412-00101845-00102090 industrial or agricultural activities on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00413-00102091-00102312 the islands until the creation of the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00414-00102313-00102509 Marine Sanctuary the licensing of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00415-00102510-00102707 commercial fishing provided an annual
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00416-00102708-00102888 income of about 1 million dollars for
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00417-00102889-00103221 the territory topic communications topic
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00418-00103222-00103374 postage stamps have been issued for
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00419-00103375-00103605 British Indian Ocean Territory since the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00420-00103606-00104009 17th of January 1968 as the territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00421-00104010-00104210 was originally part of Mauritius and the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00422-00104211-00104388 Seychelles these stamps were denominated
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00423-00104389-00104805 in rupees until 1992 however after that
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00424-00104806-00104925 date they were issued in denominations
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00425-00104926-00105177 of British pounds the official currency
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00426-00105178-00105444 of the territory separate telephone
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00427-00105445-00105693 facilities for military and public needs
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00428-00105694-00105900 are available providing all standard
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00429-00105901-00106113 commercial telephone services including
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00430-00106114-00106371 connection to the internet international
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00431-00106372-00106596 telephone services carried via satellite
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00432-00106597-00106857 Cable and Wireless started operating in
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00433-00106858-00107094 1982 under license from the British
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00434-00107095-00107241 government to provide international
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00435-00107242-00107483 public telecommunications services on
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00436-00107484-00107808 the island of Diego Garcia in April 2013
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00437-00107808-00108048 the company was acquired by the Battelle
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00438-00108049-00108270 Co Group a telecommunications provider
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00439-00108271-00108533 that now operates in 16 markets spanning
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00440-00108534-00108705 the Middle East in northern Africa
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00441-00108706-00108918 Europe the South Atlantic in the Indian
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00442-00108919-00109245 Ocean as of the 19th of August 2013
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00443-00109246-00109524 Cable & Wireless Diego Garcia Limited
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00444-00109525-00109770 changed name to Shore Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00445-00109771-00110016 Limited sure international is the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00446-00110017-00110175 corporate division of the business
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00447-00110176-00110376 services offered include international
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00448-00110377-00110616 telephone broadband internet and Wi-Fi
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00449-00110617-00110925 GSM mobile paging services and TV
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00450-00110926-00111204 rebroadcast services telephone and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00451-00111205-00111258 Internet
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00452-00111258-00111452 services are also offered to maritime
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00453-00111453-00111624 customers as well as an extensive
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00454-00111625-00111854 portfolio of services to business and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00455-00111855-00112164 government customers the territory has 3
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00456-00112165-00112433 FM radio broadcast stations provided by
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00457-00112434-00112634 American forces Network and British
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00458-00112635-00112928 forces Broadcasting Service due to its
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00459-00112929-00113172 geographic location in proximity to the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00460-00113173-00113366 equator with unobstructed views to the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00461-00113367-00113627 horizon Diego Garcia has access to a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00462-00113628-00113763 relatively large number of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00463-00113764-00113954 geosynchronous satellites over the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00464-00113955-00114152 Indian and eastern Atlantic oceans and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00465-00114153-00114353 the island is home to Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00466-00114354-00114648 station DGS a remote tracking station
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00467-00114649-00114791 making up part of the Air Force
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00468-00114792-00115107 satellite control Network Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00469-00115108-00115293 station has two sides to provide
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00470-00115294-00115551 enhanced tracking capabilities for AFSC
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00471-00115552-00115889 end-users amateur radio operations occur
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00472-00115890-00116097 from Diego Garcia using the British
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00473-00116098-00116429 callsign prefix vq 9 an amateur club
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00474-00116430-00116735 station vq 9 x was sponsored by the u.s.
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00475-00116736-00116982 navy for use by operators both licensed
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00476-00116983-00117147 in their home country and possessing a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00477-00117148-00117375 vq 9 callsign issued by the local
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00478-00117376-00117511 British Indian Ocean Territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00479-00117513-00117815 representative however the US Navy
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00480-00117816-00118079 closed the station in early 2013 hence
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00481-00118080-00118293 any future licensed amateurs wishing to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00482-00118294-00118446 operate from the island will have to
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00483-00118447-00118599 provide their own antenna and radio
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00484-00118600-00118920 equipment topics see also topic when
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00485-00118921-00119223 band Smith Anand Carter M Chagos a
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00486-00119224-00119434 history exploration exploitation
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00487-00119435-00119666 expulsion published by Chagos
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00488-00119667-00120048 Conservation Trust London 2016 ISBN nine
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00489-00120049-00120348 seven eight oh nine nine five four five
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00490-00120349-00120716 nine 601 index of united kingdom related
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00491-00120717-00120938 articles united kingdom wikipedia book
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00492-00120939-00121166 British overseas territories list of
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00493-00121167-00121371 island countries and territories in the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00494-00121372-00121460 Indian Ocean
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00495-00121461-00121688 eel taka maka topic reference s topic
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00496-00121689-00121889 topic external links topic official
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00497-00121890-00122060 website British Indian Ocean Territory
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00498-00122061-00122309 on UK government site the Chagos
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00499-00122310-00122496 Conservation Trust a non-political
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00500-00122497-00122663 charity whose aims are to promote
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00501-00122664-00122874 conservation scientific and historical
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00502-00122875-00123061 research and to advance education
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00503-00123063-00123420 concerning the archipelago Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00504-00123421-00123683 online information for the Diego Garcia
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00505-00123684-00123969 bo population UK Foreign Office profile
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00506-00123970-00124251 British Indian Ocean Territory the World
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00507-00124252-00124320 Factbook
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00508-00124321-00124579 Central Intelligence Agency the
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00509-00124580-00124828 Garcia timeline posted at the history
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00510-00124829-00125068 Commons Christian novel who returned
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00511-00125069-00125320 from exile in site the Chagossians and
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00512-00125321-00125590 their struggle 200 six five Northwestern
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00513-00125591-00125845 Journal of international human rights 96
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00514-00125846-00126309 to 126 retrieved the 9th of May 2011 EU
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00515-00126310-00126493 relations with British Indian Ocean
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00516-00126494-00126817 Territory Chagos Islands B IOT at Brit
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00517-00126818-00127006 link British islands and territories
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00518-00127007-00127423 HTTP colon slash slash WWI disorder
9Ij5cm3KX_g-00519-00127424-00127747 noosa org
9LrCI_uDybU-00000-00000218-00000863 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00001-00000864-00001197 hi I'm mrs. Trenor and I teach music at
9LrCI_uDybU-00002-00001198-00001440 John Rogers Elementary go otter and I
9LrCI_uDybU-00003-00001441-00001647 miss my students very much so I'm glad
9LrCI_uDybU-00004-00001648-00001854 to be here sharing a music lesson with
9LrCI_uDybU-00005-00001855-00002100 you today I'm also at home with my
9LrCI_uDybU-00006-00002101-00002208 family and my pets
9LrCI_uDybU-00007-00002209-00002348 and taking walks around the neighborhood
9LrCI_uDybU-00008-00002349-00002625 this is a rhythm lesson where we will
9LrCI_uDybU-00009-00002626-00002847 talk about our feelings warm up our
9LrCI_uDybU-00010-00002848-00003084 bodies share a story together and create
9LrCI_uDybU-00011-00003085-00003327 our very own rhythms for this lesson you
9LrCI_uDybU-00012-00003328-00003491 will need something to write on
9LrCI_uDybU-00013-00003492-00004341 and something to write with at John
9LrCI_uDybU-00014-00004342-00004523 Rogers we use the mood meter to talk
9LrCI_uDybU-00015-00004524-00004677 about our feelings do you talk about
9LrCI_uDybU-00016-00004678-00004902 this at your school on the mood meter
9LrCI_uDybU-00017-00004903-00005216 there are four colors red stands for the
9LrCI_uDybU-00018-00005217-00005596 feelings like angry and upset and afraid
9LrCI_uDybU-00019-00005597-00005870 blue stands for the feelings like sad
9LrCI_uDybU-00020-00005871-00006230 and bored and lonely green stands for
9LrCI_uDybU-00021-00006231-00006479 feelings like calm comfy and cared for
9LrCI_uDybU-00022-00006480-00006773 and yellow stands for feelings like
9LrCI_uDybU-00023-00006775-00007173 happy brave and excited today we're
9LrCI_uDybU-00024-00007173-00007389 gonna have a song that helps us share
9LrCI_uDybU-00025-00007390-00007595 our feelings with each other it goes
9LrCI_uDybU-00026-00007597-00007658 like this
9LrCI_uDybU-00027-00007659-00008136 welcome to music let's see hey how you
9LrCI_uDybU-00028-00008137-00009117 feeling today how you feeling
9LrCI_uDybU-00029-00009118-00009598 I would like to say I'm gonna give you a
9LrCI_uDybU-00030-00009599-00009787 chance to show how you're feeling with
9LrCI_uDybU-00031-00009788-00010146 your body welcome to music dad to see
9LrCI_uDybU-00032-00010147-00010594 you here today
9LrCI_uDybU-00033-00010595-00011178 if you're feeling red touch your head if
9LrCI_uDybU-00034-00011179-00011892 you're feeling blue touch your shoe if
9LrCI_uDybU-00035-00011893-00012389 you were feeling green kind of lean
9LrCI_uDybU-00036-00012390-00012911 you're feeling yellow wave hello
9LrCI_uDybU-00037-00012912-00013357 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00038-00013358-00013849 like to say let's try that one more time
9LrCI_uDybU-00039-00013850-00014206 together the pony music glad to see here
9LrCI_uDybU-00040-00014207-00014894 hey how you feeling today -
9LrCI_uDybU-00041-00014894-00015663 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00042-00015663-00016089 nice job if you touched your head
9LrCI_uDybU-00043-00016090-00016263 because you were feeling in the red
9LrCI_uDybU-00044-00016265-00016489 here's a tip from some of the students
9LrCI_uDybU-00045-00016490-00016728 at John Rogers elementary for you you
9LrCI_uDybU-00046-00016729-00016989 can try a balloon breath it looks like
9LrCI_uDybU-00047-00016990-00017536 this it helps us take a nice big breath
9LrCI_uDybU-00048-00017537-00017742 and that can help our brains and bodies
9LrCI_uDybU-00049-00017743-00018166 feel calmer and more together so let's
9LrCI_uDybU-00050-00018167-00018208 try it
9LrCI_uDybU-00051-00018209-00018964 ready nice job if you touched your shoe
9LrCI_uDybU-00052-00018965-00019327 because you were in the blue something
9LrCI_uDybU-00053-00019328-00019483 that might help you is thinking about
9LrCI_uDybU-00054-00019484-00019755 something you like to do or people that
9LrCI_uDybU-00055-00019756-00020224 you like to be with I'm thinking of my
9LrCI_uDybU-00056-00020225-00020453 dog right now I love to play with them
9LrCI_uDybU-00057-00020454-00021150 what are you thinking of that can really
9LrCI_uDybU-00058-00021151-00021372 help us feel more in the yellow and
9LrCI_uDybU-00059-00021373-00021700 green feelings thanks for thinking about
9LrCI_uDybU-00060-00021701-00021988 that with me
9LrCI_uDybU-00061-00021989-00022238 now we're gonna play our animal freeze
9LrCI_uDybU-00062-00022239-00022454 game make sure you have somewhere safe
9LrCI_uDybU-00063-00022455-00022733 to move and you can move your body like
9LrCI_uDybU-00064-00022734-00022942 the animals we sing about in our song
9LrCI_uDybU-00065-00022943-00023331 ready
9LrCI_uDybU-00066-00023332-00024859 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00067-00024860-00025458 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00068-00025459-00025951 freeze
9LrCI_uDybU-00069-00025952-00026555 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00070-00026556-00026820 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00071-00026822-00027016 please
9LrCI_uDybU-00072-00027017-00027329 now we're gonna jump like a crocodile
9LrCI_uDybU-00073-00027330-00030086 are you ready now pick your favorite
9LrCI_uDybU-00074-00030087-00030275 animal
9LrCI_uDybU-00075-00030276-00031214 [Music]
9LrCI_uDybU-00076-00031215-00031480 here's a great story with one of the
9LrCI_uDybU-00077-00031481-00031657 animals that we just sang about it's
9LrCI_uDybU-00078-00031658-00031917 called tank a tank a skunk and it's
9LrCI_uDybU-00079-00031918-00032164 about two friends who love to play the
9LrCI_uDybU-00080-00032164-00032439 drums let's learn a special part that we
9LrCI_uDybU-00081-00032440-00032617 can say together when we read the book
9LrCI_uDybU-00082-00032618-00032749 and it goes like this
9LrCI_uDybU-00083-00032750-00033205 skunk gut tank gas skunk gut tanga tanga
9LrCI_uDybU-00084-00033206-00033652 tanga skunk try it with me skunk gut
9LrCI_uDybU-00085-00033653-00034145 tanka skunk tanka tanka take a skunk
9LrCI_uDybU-00086-00034146-00034383 since our friends love to play the drums
9LrCI_uDybU-00087-00034384-00034614 let's turn our bodies into drums some
9LrCI_uDybU-00088-00034615-00034839 people call that body percussion you
9LrCI_uDybU-00089-00034840-00034989 could put skunk as part on your
9LrCI_uDybU-00090-00034990-00035277 shoulders like this skunk up try it with
9LrCI_uDybU-00091-00035278-00035583 me sculpt up and take his part can go on
9LrCI_uDybU-00092-00035584-00035839 our laps like this tank up try it with
9LrCI_uDybU-00093-00035840-00036154 me tanka and then when we say skunks
9LrCI_uDybU-00094-00036155-00036376 part at the very end let's tap both our
9LrCI_uDybU-00095-00036377-00036552 shoulders at the same time like this
9LrCI_uDybU-00096-00036553-00036814 stuck ready to try the whole thing with
9LrCI_uDybU-00097-00036815-00037111 me let's go slow the first time scum go
9LrCI_uDybU-00098-00037112-00037357 tank go scum
9LrCI_uDybU-00099-00037358-00037889 yeah tank God dang God dang the skunk
9LrCI_uDybU-00100-00037890-00038196 maybe a little faster this time skunk
9LrCI_uDybU-00101-00038197-00038767 got tank gun gun Scot tank got tank tank
9LrCI_uDybU-00102-00038768-00039114 a skunk nice job now you're ready for
9LrCI_uDybU-00103-00039115-00039529 our story and got a tank a skunk by
9LrCI_uDybU-00104-00039530-00040030 Steve Webb stamp your feet - the skunk a
9LrCI_uDybU-00105-00040031-00040620 tank of beat this is tanka what animal
9LrCI_uDybU-00106-00040621-00041118 from our freeze dances heat and this is
9LrCI_uDybU-00107-00041119-00041396 skunk I think we know what he is
9LrCI_uDybU-00108-00041397-00041718 they love to play the drums say their
9LrCI_uDybU-00109-00041719-00042220 names together and hear the beat like
9LrCI_uDybU-00110-00042221-00042595 this skunk ax tanka skunk ax tanga tanga
9LrCI_uDybU-00111-00042596-00042951 tanga skunk remember the pattern let's
9LrCI_uDybU-00112-00042952-00043249 drum it together skunk the tank
9LrCI_uDybU-00113-00043250-00043636 skunk duck tank tank tank
9LrCI_uDybU-00114-00043637-00043813 Gus skunk
9LrCI_uDybU-00115-00043814-00044237 this is kangaroo his name has three
9LrCI_uDybU-00116-00044238-00044708 beats kangaroo say it with me kanga Roo
9LrCI_uDybU-00117-00044709-00045155 and this is Caterpillar his name has
9LrCI_uDybU-00118-00045156-00045533 four beats cat earth pillar say it with
9LrCI_uDybU-00119-00045534-00045569 me
9LrCI_uDybU-00120-00045570-00045989 cat a pill work remember our skunk a
9LrCI_uDybU-00121-00045990-00046274 tank a pattern let's drum it together
9LrCI_uDybU-00122-00046275-00046858 skunk take dust gun tanka take a take a
9LrCI_uDybU-00123-00046859-00047621 skunk tiger cheetah tiger cheetah Panda
9LrCI_uDybU-00124-00047622-00048044 polar bear together tiger cheetah tiger
9LrCI_uDybU-00125-00048045-00048578 cheetah Panda polar bear here come our
9LrCI_uDybU-00126-00048579-00048641 friends again
9LrCI_uDybU-00127-00048642-00049225 skunk take Gus gun katenka tanga tanga
9LrCI_uDybU-00128-00049226-00049940 skunk lemur llama llama lemur zebra
9LrCI_uDybU-00129-00049941-00050332 badger bat say it with me
9LrCI_uDybU-00130-00050333-00050884 lemur llama llama lemur zebra badger bat
9LrCI_uDybU-00131-00050885-00051483 cat a pill a big gorilla
9LrCI_uDybU-00132-00051484-00051854 yakety yakety yak say it with me cat
9LrCI_uDybU-00133-00051854-00052230 earth pill a big gorilla
9LrCI_uDybU-00134-00052232-00052571 yakety yakety yak and Here Come our
9LrCI_uDybU-00135-00052572-00052673 friends again
9LrCI_uDybU-00136-00052674-00053179 skunk good tanka stun good take take
9LrCI_uDybU-00137-00053180-00053829 take a skunk beaver otter badger beaver
9LrCI_uDybU-00138-00053830-00054212 dingo donkey duck say it with me beaver
9LrCI_uDybU-00139-00054213-00054799 otter badger beaver dingo donkey duck
9LrCI_uDybU-00140-00054800-00055417 panda panther tiger zebra alligator
9LrCI_uDybU-00141-00055419-00055547 say it with me
9LrCI_uDybU-00142-00055548-00056275 panda panther tiger zebra alligator fox
9LrCI_uDybU-00143-00056276-00056704 tiny little hairy spider armadillo awk
9LrCI_uDybU-00144-00056705-00056837 say it with me
9LrCI_uDybU-00145-00056838-00057061 tiny me little hairy
9LrCI_uDybU-00146-00057062-00057562 Spyder armadillo Oh ant eater ant eater
9LrCI_uDybU-00147-00057563-00057871 big blue will sit with me
9LrCI_uDybU-00148-00057872-00058504 ant eater ant eater big blue well
9LrCI_uDybU-00149-00058505-00058901 user friends again skunker takis ganga
9LrCI_uDybU-00150-00058902-00059363 take a tank a tank a skunk once more
9LrCI_uDybU-00151-00059364-00059617 from the top faster this time please
9LrCI_uDybU-00152-00059619-00059864 skunk they take this gun to take it take
9LrCI_uDybU-00153-00059865-00060357 a take a skunk
9LrCI_uDybU-00154-00060358-00060596 you can make your own rhythm out of
9LrCI_uDybU-00155-00060597-00060815 animals think of some animals you love
9LrCI_uDybU-00156-00060816-00060989 and put their names together to make a
9LrCI_uDybU-00157-00060990-00061432 rhythm like I really like cats and I
9LrCI_uDybU-00158-00061433-00061751 love my cat so I'm gonna use cat and
9LrCI_uDybU-00159-00061752-00062017 I'll put cat on my head cuz he really
9LrCI_uDybU-00160-00062019-00062179 likes to be patted on his head
9LrCI_uDybU-00161-00062180-00062423 and maybe think of an animal from our
9LrCI_uDybU-00162-00062424-00062726 story that you liked I really liked the
9LrCI_uDybU-00163-00062727-00063110 llama so we'll use llama and all drum
9LrCI_uDybU-00164-00063111-00063425 llama on my elbows so if I put my words
9LrCI_uDybU-00165-00063426-00063632 together to make a pattern I might come
9LrCI_uDybU-00166-00063633-00063910 up with something like this cat llama
9LrCI_uDybU-00167-00063911-00064396 llama cat try my pattern with me cat
9LrCI_uDybU-00168-00064397-00064844 llama llama cat what pattern do you want
9LrCI_uDybU-00169-00064845-00065116 think about it
9LrCI_uDybU-00170-00065116-00065336 try drumming it somewhere on your body
9LrCI_uDybU-00171-00065337-00065549 try drumming it somewhere on your body
9LrCI_uDybU-00172-00065550-00065795 when you perform a rhythm in a pattern
9LrCI_uDybU-00173-00065796-00066005 like this over and over again it's
9LrCI_uDybU-00174-00066006-00066284 called an ostinato let's try my ostinato
9LrCI_uDybU-00175-00066285-00066959 cat llama llama cat cat llama llama cat
9LrCI_uDybU-00176-00066960-00067292 cat llama llama cat
9LrCI_uDybU-00177-00067293-00067991 what's your ostinato now it's time to
9LrCI_uDybU-00178-00067992-00068216 get something to write on and something
9LrCI_uDybU-00179-00068217-00068525 to write with if you like to draw you
9LrCI_uDybU-00180-00068526-00068732 can draw your animal or you can write
9LrCI_uDybU-00181-00068733-00069032 their name go ahead and put it on your
9LrCI_uDybU-00182-00069033-00069323 paper right now writing or drawing your
9LrCI_uDybU-00183-00069324-00069515 ideas is a great way to remember it so
9LrCI_uDybU-00184-00069516-00069662 that you can show someone else your
9LrCI_uDybU-00185-00069663-00069917 ideas so if you have something to write
9LrCI_uDybU-00186-00069918-00070190 on one thing you can do is fold that
9LrCI_uDybU-00187-00070191-00070505 piece of paper in half and fold that in
9LrCI_uDybU-00188-00070506-00070691 half again and then you'll have four
9LrCI_uDybU-00189-00070692-00070901 places to write out your different
9LrCI_uDybU-00190-00070902-00071300 animal ideas so since I my first animal
9LrCI_uDybU-00191-00071301-00071492 idea was a cat I'm gonna start with
9LrCI_uDybU-00192-00071493-00071735 drawing just a quick cat head to remind
9LrCI_uDybU-00193-00071736-00072080 me that the word was cat and then my
9LrCI_uDybU-00194-00072081-00072307 second word was llama so I'm gonna do
9LrCI_uDybU-00195-00072308-00072515 just a quick llama I know they have long
9LrCI_uDybU-00196-00072516-00072812 necks and long ears so there's my llama
9LrCI_uDybU-00197-00072813-00073121 picture and I remember my second word
9LrCI_uDybU-00198-00073122-00073301 was also a llama so I'm gonna draw
9LrCI_uDybU-00199-00073302-00073553 another llama
9LrCI_uDybU-00200-00073554-00073916 and then last of all I had another cat
9LrCI_uDybU-00201-00073917-00074180 so I'm gonna draw my cat one more time
9LrCI_uDybU-00202-00074181-00074660 in the last square and then if you want
9LrCI_uDybU-00203-00074661-00075035 to you can write their names down you
9LrCI_uDybU-00204-00075036-00075244 could just write their names you don't
9LrCI_uDybU-00205-00075245-00075775 have to draw their picture all right if
9LrCI_uDybU-00206-00075776-00076051 you learn how to draw or write rhythms
9LrCI_uDybU-00207-00076052-00076340 you can add those to your animal
9LrCI_uDybU-00208-00076341-00076748 ostinato here's how adding rhythms might
9LrCI_uDybU-00209-00076749-00077107 look on your page so I know cat has one
9LrCI_uDybU-00210-00077108-00077380 sound and llama has two and I'm drawing
9LrCI_uDybU-00211-00077381-00077656 the rhythms that go with each once onto
9LrCI_uDybU-00212-00077657-00077950 a beat and two sounds to a beat so
9LrCI_uDybU-00213-00077951-00078137 that's how the rhythms might look if you
9LrCI_uDybU-00214-00078138-00078487 had one and Tucson animals now you can
9LrCI_uDybU-00215-00078488-00078663 share your rhythm with someone you love
9LrCI_uDybU-00216-00078664-00079322 try it thank you for making music with
9LrCI_uDybU-00217-00079323-00079562 me today I hope you liked sharing your
9LrCI_uDybU-00218-00079563-00079835 feelings moving your body to an animal
9LrCI_uDybU-00219-00079836-00080056 freeze dance sharing our story together
9LrCI_uDybU-00220-00080057-00080297 and creating your very own rhythm and
9LrCI_uDybU-00221-00080298-00080455 hopefully you got to share it with
9LrCI_uDybU-00222-00080456-00080687 somebody I hope to see you again very
9LrCI_uDybU-00223-00080688-00081006 soon bye for now
9LrCI_uDybU-00224-00081007-00081489 [Music]
9M7MDT-F0z4-00000-00000000-00000167 walked through the second door I heard
9M7MDT-F0z4-00001-00000168-00000637 the voice of Jesus say
9M7MDT-F0z4-00002-00000638-00000990 [Music]
9PsAke0GfdI-00000-00000000-00000047 mentions
9PsAke0GfdI-00001-00000048-00000175 [Music]
9PsAke0GfdI-00002-00000176-00000351 this is why jesus said
9PsAke0GfdI-00003-00000352-00000582 what shall he profit a man
9PsAke0GfdI-00004-00000583-00000831 if he gains the whole world and loses
9PsAke0GfdI-00005-00000832-00000943 his soul
9PsAke0GfdI-00006-00000944-00001239 that means bodily life is nothing
9PsAke0GfdI-00007-00001240-00001470 compared to soulish life
9PsAke0GfdI-00008-00001471-00001759 and in the same vein solid life is
9PsAke0GfdI-00009-00001760-00002079 nothing compared to spiritual life
9PsAke0GfdI-00010-00002080-00002342 and so as much as it is good to enjoy
9PsAke0GfdI-00011-00002343-00002647 this life it's important to have a scale
9PsAke0GfdI-00012-00002648-00002791 of priorities
9PsAke0GfdI-00013-00002792-00003031 and so if you are not making progress in
9PsAke0GfdI-00014-00003032-00003327 the spirit every progress you are making
9PsAke0GfdI-00015-00003328-00003503 the naturalizing mirage
9PsAke0GfdI-00016-00003504-00003735 that's why i said i wish above all
9PsAke0GfdI-00017-00003736-00004143 dreams that thou mightest prosper and be
9PsAke0GfdI-00018-00004144-00004470 in health even as your soul prospering
9PsAke0GfdI-00019-00004471-00004695 that means you are not permitted to have
9PsAke0GfdI-00020-00004696-00004870 much more money than you have love for
9PsAke0GfdI-00021-00004871-00004983 god
9PsAke0GfdI-00022-00004984-00005199 if the money you have is more than the
9PsAke0GfdI-00023-00005200-00005422 knowledge of jesus you have you are
9PsAke0GfdI-00024-00005423-00005647 already drifting into idolatry that
9PsAke0GfdI-00025-00005648-00005951 means a man who has more money than god
9PsAke0GfdI-00026-00005952-00006175 is already departed from god he doesn't
9PsAke0GfdI-00027-00006176-00006446 just know it entire a short time we tell
9PsAke0GfdI-00028-00006447-00006534 you
9PsAke0GfdI-00029-00006536-00006839 so the amount of good life you have
9PsAke0GfdI-00030-00006840-00007127 should be commensurate to the degree of
9PsAke0GfdI-00031-00007128-00007351 the experience of god that you have that
9PsAke0GfdI-00032-00007352-00007742 means our spiritual experiences control
9PsAke0GfdI-00033-00007743-00008006 our natural experiences this is why many
9PsAke0GfdI-00034-00008008-00008239 people the moment they begin to excel in
9PsAke0GfdI-00035-00008240-00008527 life they forget god in fact when you
9PsAke0GfdI-00036-00008528-00008710 call them
9PsAke0GfdI-00037-00008711-00008951 to support the things of god they call
9PsAke0GfdI-00038-00008952-00009078 it a waste
9PsAke0GfdI-00039-00009079-00009278 because as far as they are concerned if
9PsAke0GfdI-00040-00009279-00009527 it does not translate to buying of lands
9PsAke0GfdI-00041-00009528-00009735 making investments and having natural
9PsAke0GfdI-00042-00009736-00009959 assets is nothing because they don't
9PsAke0GfdI-00043-00009960-00010151 know about spiritual assets
9PsAke0GfdI-00044-00010152-00010295 and so you tell them to give for
9PsAke0GfdI-00045-00010296-00010542 evangelism they think is a waste you
9PsAke0GfdI-00046-00010543-00010783 tell them to give for a spiritual
9PsAke0GfdI-00047-00010784-00011006 project they think it's a waste because
9PsAke0GfdI-00048-00011007-00011214 as far as they are concerned the
9PsAke0GfdI-00049-00011215-00011438 fullness of their life is in the natural
9PsAke0GfdI-00050-00011439-00011574 they have a land in guaring part they
9PsAke0GfdI-00051-00011575-00011735 haven't landed in ruby and they are
9PsAke0GfdI-00052-00011736-00011935 counting the nouns they have but if you
9PsAke0GfdI-00053-00011936-00012223 study luke 16 there's a man like that
9PsAke0GfdI-00054-00012224-00012431 he said he has labored
9PsAke0GfdI-00055-00012432-00012799 he accredited his progress to his labors
9PsAke0GfdI-00056-00012800-00013046 and he said his ban is filled but when
9PsAke0GfdI-00057-00013047-00013263 the mother has judged him
9PsAke0GfdI-00058-00013263-00013471 they didn't even call him a man
9PsAke0GfdI-00059-00013472-00013663 they called him a fool
9PsAke0GfdI-00060-00013663-00013838 because a fool says in his heart there's
9PsAke0GfdI-00061-00013840-00013943 no god
9PsAke0GfdI-00062-00013944-00014199 i know principles if i apply them they
9PsAke0GfdI-00063-00014200-00014447 work i have a good job
9PsAke0GfdI-00064-00014447-00014583 you have not checked the foundation of
9PsAke0GfdI-00065-00014584-00014783 the yet
9PsAke0GfdI-00066-00014784-00014983 you have not understood the politics of
9PsAke0GfdI-00067-00014984-00015111 the spiritual
9PsAke0GfdI-00068-00015112-00015327 and so when we teach like this we want
9PsAke0GfdI-00069-00015328-00015622 to draw our attention to the things that
9PsAke0GfdI-00070-00015623-00015950 truly matters and this is why i want to
9PsAke0GfdI-00071-00015951-00016222 advance this subject from a completely
9PsAke0GfdI-00072-00016223-00016439 different paradigm when we talk about
9PsAke0GfdI-00073-00016440-00016703 the new what are we talking about
9PsAke0GfdI-00074-00016704-00016935 before we start talking about betting
9PsAke0GfdI-00075-00016936-00017291 what are we referring to what is the new
9PsAke0GfdI-00076-00017292-00017430 [Music]
9PsAke0GfdI-00077-00017431-00017686 precious jesus
9PsAke0GfdI-00078-00017687-00017943 matthew chapter seven
9PsAke0GfdI-00079-00017944-00018082 verse seven to eight
9PsAke0GfdI-00080-00018083-00018199 [Music]
9PsAke0GfdI-00081-00018200-00018375 he said ask
9PsAke0GfdI-00082-00018376-00018622 and you shall receive
9PsAke0GfdI-00083-00018623-00018727 seek
9PsAke0GfdI-00084-00018728-00018911 and you shall find
9PsAke0GfdI-00085-00018912-00019199 he said knock the door shall be opened
9PsAke0GfdI-00086-00019200-00019303 unto you
9PsAke0GfdI-00087-00019304-00019583 is it for whoever asked it to receive it
9PsAke0GfdI-00088-00019584-00019879 whoever seek it find it and whoever
9PsAke0GfdI-00089-00019880-00020143 knock it the door shall be opened unto
9PsAke0GfdI-00090-00020144-00020383 him these are three realms of
9PsAke0GfdI-00091-00020384-00020639 possibilities as far as our human
9PsAke0GfdI-00092-00020640-00020878 experience is concerned
9PsAke0GfdI-00093-00020879-00021167 your ask for what you know
9PsAke0GfdI-00094-00021168-00021439 you cannot ask for what you don't know
9PsAke0GfdI-00095-00021440-00021614 and that means a man operating in the
9PsAke0GfdI-00096-00021615-00021886 realm of asking is functioning from a
9PsAke0GfdI-00097-00021887-00022230 realm of established realities
9PsAke0GfdI-00098-00022231-00022463 i can ask for prosperity
9PsAke0GfdI-00099-00022464-00022750 i can ask for an anointing i can ask for
9PsAke0GfdI-00100-00022751-00023071 a grace because i have seen it manifest
9PsAke0GfdI-00101-00023072-00023271 in the life of another man
9PsAke0GfdI-00102-00023272-00023519 i have seen it manifest in a certain
9PsAke0GfdI-00103-00023520-00023758 place for example walking into this
9PsAke0GfdI-00104-00023759-00024087 place i was welcomed
9QRQZnXzbHU-00000-00000714-00000983 hello everybody Welcome to the Q a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00001-00000984-00001241 recording of the film as far as I can
9QRQZnXzbHU-00002-00001242-00001474 walk playing as part of the 12th
9QRQZnXzbHU-00003-00001475-00001660 European Union human rights film days
9QRQZnXzbHU-00004-00001661-00001907 I'm really excited today to be joined by
9QRQZnXzbHU-00005-00001907-00002101 the director of the film Stefan
9QRQZnXzbHU-00006-00002102-00002329 arseniovich hello Stefan how are you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00007-00002330-00002591 hello thank you very much for having our
9QRQZnXzbHU-00008-00002592-00002855 film I'm happy the Turkish audience will
9QRQZnXzbHU-00009-00002856-00003131 see it it's great yes and we're really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00010-00003132-00003311 happy that you're here with us today
9QRQZnXzbHU-00011-00003311-00003545 first of all I just want to give some a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00012-00003546-00003761 little information about Stefan and then
9QRQZnXzbHU-00013-00003761-00004169 we can start talking uh he's born in
9QRQZnXzbHU-00014-00004170-00004547 Belgrade in 1977 he graduated in filming
9QRQZnXzbHU-00015-00004548-00004751 television directing from The Faculty of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00016-00004752-00005015 dramatic arts in Belgrade where he know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00017-00005016-00005285 he now teaches teaches film directing at
9QRQZnXzbHU-00018-00005286-00005561 the Master's level for his short films
9QRQZnXzbHU-00019-00005562-00005872 in particular torsion he won over 30
9QRQZnXzbHU-00020-00005873-00006065 National and international Awards
9QRQZnXzbHU-00021-00006066-00006472 including Golden Bear at Bernal and the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00022-00006473-00006670 European film award in an Academy Award
9QRQZnXzbHU-00023-00006672-00006892 Oscar nomination for a short live action
9QRQZnXzbHU-00024-00006893-00006977 film
9QRQZnXzbHU-00025-00006978-00007283 since 2015 he's also the program manager
9QRQZnXzbHU-00026-00007284-00007564 of first films first gotta introduced
9QRQZnXzbHU-00027-00007565-00007733 professional training program for
9QRQZnXzbHU-00028-00007734-00007978 Southeast European film director so
9QRQZnXzbHU-00029-00007979-00008177 Stefan do you want to add anything else
9QRQZnXzbHU-00030-00008178-00008453 to this information no it's more than
9QRQZnXzbHU-00031-00008454-00008603 enough more than enough thank you very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00032-00008604-00008760 much
9QRQZnXzbHU-00033-00008761-00009124 thank you and before we start to talk
9QRQZnXzbHU-00034-00009125-00009371 about as far as I can walk I want to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00035-00009372-00009671 know about a another film that you shot
9QRQZnXzbHU-00036-00009672-00009869 in Istanbul maybe you want to tell us
9QRQZnXzbHU-00037-00009870-00010024 about that a little bit
9QRQZnXzbHU-00038-00010025-00010367 yeah I I just I I'm really connected
9QRQZnXzbHU-00039-00010368-00010577 through uh to to Turkish culture in
9QRQZnXzbHU-00040-00010578-00010859 Istanbul uh I was first time in Istanbul
9QRQZnXzbHU-00041-00010860-00011164 in 2010 when uh it was a capital of uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00042-00011165-00011524 culture of Europe and I got a great
9QRQZnXzbHU-00043-00011525-00011842 opportunity uh to know the city through
9QRQZnXzbHU-00044-00011843-00012041 filmmaking which was very special
9QRQZnXzbHU-00045-00012042-00012346 actually in a project Istanbul do not
9QRQZnXzbHU-00046-00012347-00012677 forget me six uh directors from Europe
9QRQZnXzbHU-00047-00012678-00012910 were invited to make the short films
9QRQZnXzbHU-00048-00012911-00013138 about Istanbul
9QRQZnXzbHU-00049-00013140-00013685 um it was really uh amazing experience I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00050-00013686-00014003 was living in jihangir I was shooting in
9QRQZnXzbHU-00051-00014004-00014449 Grand Bazaar uh and I really spent some
9QRQZnXzbHU-00052-00014450-00014899 together like half a year uh in Istanbul
9QRQZnXzbHU-00053-00014900-00015203 uh it was all thanks to thanks to the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00054-00015204-00015358 artistic director of this project
9QRQZnXzbHU-00055-00015359-00015701 Hussein karabe film director my
9QRQZnXzbHU-00056-00015702-00016013 colleague and a great friend and uh I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00057-00016013-00016193 from that moment on I think I'm
9QRQZnXzbHU-00058-00016194-00016408 completely addicted to Istanbul I love
9QRQZnXzbHU-00059-00016409-00016733 it I uh you know whenever I can I I I I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00060-00016734-00017177 want to come there and uh really feel at
9QRQZnXzbHU-00061-00017178-00017513 home uh in some way and on another way
9QRQZnXzbHU-00062-00017514-00017872 in uh kind of a very magical place that
9QRQZnXzbHU-00063-00017873-00018083 that that is very very special to me
9QRQZnXzbHU-00064-00018084-00018286 well I'm really happy to hear that
9QRQZnXzbHU-00065-00018287-00018449 that's why I wanted to ask you about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00066-00018450-00018700 this before we start talking about your
9QRQZnXzbHU-00067-00018701-00018922 film because I mean I really want our
9QRQZnXzbHU-00068-00018923-00019186 audience to know that you are here a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00069-00019187-00019385 couple of years ago and you had a great
9QRQZnXzbHU-00070-00019386-00019649 Istanbul experience so I'm really happy
9QRQZnXzbHU-00071-00019650-00019825 that you love our city
9QRQZnXzbHU-00072-00019826-00020129 I love the city I love the people I met
9QRQZnXzbHU-00073-00020130-00020369 some Wonder beautiful people with whom I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00074-00020370-00020783 I was working and really it it stays it
9QRQZnXzbHU-00075-00020784-00020944 stays with me it feels like my second
9QRQZnXzbHU-00076-00020945-00021167 home great I hope you will come here
9QRQZnXzbHU-00077-00021168-00021653 again soon so uh I'm we can start about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00078-00021654-00021833 talking about talking about your film
9QRQZnXzbHU-00079-00021834-00022169 first of all uh can you just uh tell us
9QRQZnXzbHU-00080-00022170-00022355 about the story a little bit and I'm
9QRQZnXzbHU-00081-00022356-00022650 curious about how were you inspired to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00082-00022651-00023063 uh shot uh such a story uh how did this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00083-00023064-00023230 project evolve can you tell us about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00084-00023231-00023525 that a little bit well it was kind of it
9QRQZnXzbHU-00085-00023526-00023764 had the beginning it has two Beginnings
9QRQZnXzbHU-00086-00023765-00023999 that's the origin of this film it uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00087-00024000-00024497 first of all I we have this uh very uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00088-00024498-00024617 famous
9QRQZnXzbHU-00089-00024618-00024935 um epic uh poem that is from medieval
9QRQZnXzbHU-00090-00024936-00025164 time uh it's called
9QRQZnXzbHU-00091-00025165-00025469 it's very well known here everybody
9QRQZnXzbHU-00092-00025470-00025744 learns it in school we have one of the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00093-00025745-00026022 main streets in Belgrade named by it uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00094-00026023-00026435 it was uh real it's really important
9QRQZnXzbHU-00095-00026436-00026681 part of our natural National Heritage
9QRQZnXzbHU-00096-00026682-00026812 and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00097-00026813-00027083 um the story is very kind of well not
9QRQZnXzbHU-00098-00027083-00027349 simple but it's a it's a love triangle
9QRQZnXzbHU-00099-00027350-00027851 uh and basically it's a story about love
9QRQZnXzbHU-00100-00027852-00028157 very complicated love and about empathy
9QRQZnXzbHU-00101-00028158-00028505 and about forgiveness and I always had a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00102-00028506-00028805 feeling there are too many films that we
9QRQZnXzbHU-00103-00028806-00029123 are watching that are about revenge uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00104-00029124-00029302 but here we had a you know main
9QRQZnXzbHU-00105-00029304-00029531 character who kind of loses almost
9QRQZnXzbHU-00106-00029532-00029861 everything but he decides not to make a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00107-00029862-00030124 revenge and it's towards his wife but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00108-00030125-00030331 but to forgive and to try to understand
9QRQZnXzbHU-00109-00030332-00030587 and I thought this is really something
9QRQZnXzbHU-00110-00030588-00030779 that we
9QRQZnXzbHU-00111-00030780-00030995 um in this world need more and more I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00112-00030995-00031277 have a feeling that that that this time
9QRQZnXzbHU-00113-00031277-00031493 that we are living in is just putting us
9QRQZnXzbHU-00114-00031494-00031739 between two
9QRQZnXzbHU-00115-00031739-00031973 um choices we always have to choose the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00116-00031974-00032164 side and there is always just two sides
9QRQZnXzbHU-00117-00032166-00032393 and I never feel like I'm you know part
9QRQZnXzbHU-00118-00032394-00032717 of just one side I always kind of deal
9QRQZnXzbHU-00119-00032718-00033089 I'm some third or whatever uh and so so
9QRQZnXzbHU-00120-00033090-00033317 I I've had a feeling you know this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00121-00033318-00033665 values of of empathy and love Against
9QRQZnXzbHU-00122-00033666-00033923 All Odds is is something that we really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00123-00033924-00034139 need and we kind of forgot and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00124-00034140-00034487 especially also in a in a in a in a like
9QRQZnXzbHU-00125-00034488-00034805 a our uh intimate relationship very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00126-00034806-00035033 often you know you just try something
9QRQZnXzbHU-00127-00035034-00035243 and if it doesn't work out you just give
9QRQZnXzbHU-00128-00035244-00035512 up on relationship and find somebody who
9QRQZnXzbHU-00129-00035513-00035771 will be uh you know the person of your
9QRQZnXzbHU-00130-00035772-00036155 dream which is basically impossible uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00131-00036156-00036395 so there are all the ideas why I thought
9QRQZnXzbHU-00132-00036396-00036646 this this could this story which is very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00133-00036647-00036767 old
9QRQZnXzbHU-00134-00036768-00036989 um and yeah I say from medieval times
9QRQZnXzbHU-00135-00036990-00037217 but it could work today and I was
9QRQZnXzbHU-00136-00037218-00037433 thinking how to make it uh uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00137-00037434-00037696 contemporary I have to say there is um
9QRQZnXzbHU-00138-00037697-00038093 or also um classical adaptation of this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00139-00038094-00038543 song that was done in 1982 and uh it was
9QRQZnXzbHU-00140-00038544-00038765 called internationally Falcon and the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00141-00038766-00038962 main character is played by a famous
9QRQZnXzbHU-00142-00038963-00039251 Italian Star franconero it was famous
9QRQZnXzbHU-00143-00039252-00039515 film uh and but I want to do something
9QRQZnXzbHU-00144-00039516-00039730 modern and something different and then
9QRQZnXzbHU-00145-00039731-00040151 it was um a refugee crisis started
9QRQZnXzbHU-00146-00040152-00040537 migrant crisis Belgrade was part of uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00147-00040538-00040921 so-called Balkan migrant root and I was
9QRQZnXzbHU-00148-00040922-00041183 seeing every day thousands of people
9QRQZnXzbHU-00149-00041184-00041561 really on the street uh uh you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00150-00041562-00042049 desperate and you know uh very lost and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00151-00042050-00042323 it quite reminded me on the other hand
9QRQZnXzbHU-00152-00042324-00042635 on Samara of my experiences I as you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00153-00042636-00042827 know as I live in Serbia we had this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00154-00042828-00043049 Yugoslavian force in the 90s when I was
9QRQZnXzbHU-00155-00043050-00043361 growing up and I remember you know in
9QRQZnXzbHU-00156-00043362-00043571 elementary school and high school how
9QRQZnXzbHU-00157-00043572-00043787 always there will be new people who were
9QRQZnXzbHU-00158-00043788-00044051 refugees from divorce I've been through
9QRQZnXzbHU-00159-00044052-00044357 you know not Refugee experience but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00160-00044358-00044699 through poverty and War so I I could I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00161-00044700-00044879 could really easily relate to these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00162-00044880-00045274 people and among among sorry among those
9QRQZnXzbHU-00163-00045275-00045365 people
9QRQZnXzbHU-00164-00045366-00045857 I met one really special guy uh it's um
9QRQZnXzbHU-00165-00045858-00046337 a young man from Ghana his name uh is
9QRQZnXzbHU-00166-00046338-00046745 Ibrahim ishak and unlike all the other I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00167-00046746-00046967 mean most of the other migrants who just
9QRQZnXzbHU-00168-00046968-00047212 want to go to the West Europe he really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00169-00047213-00047429 wanted to stay here in Serbia and he
9QRQZnXzbHU-00170-00047430-00047712 really loved Serbia
9QRQZnXzbHU-00171-00047713-00048202 I'm sorry I'm a little big deal
9QRQZnXzbHU-00172-00048203-00048605 so he was so so I I I I I started
9QRQZnXzbHU-00173-00048606-00048899 talking with Ibrahim and he was wanted
9QRQZnXzbHU-00174-00048900-00049139 to be a professional football player but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00175-00049140-00049385 he couldn't so he was training with a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00176-00049386-00049571 local football club but he couldn't play
9QRQZnXzbHU-00177-00049572-00049895 official games until he get the asylum
9QRQZnXzbHU-00178-00049896-00050171 um and he was learning the language he
9QRQZnXzbHU-00179-00050172-00050386 spoke quite well our language he
9QRQZnXzbHU-00180-00050387-00050585 volunteered in the Red Cross and I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00181-00050586-00050807 thought what if you know somebody like
9QRQZnXzbHU-00182-00050808-00051149 that would be our main character in The
9QRQZnXzbHU-00183-00051150-00051364 This Modern adaptation of a very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00184-00051365-00051520 traditional
9QRQZnXzbHU-00185-00051521-00051611 um
9QRQZnXzbHU-00186-00051612-00052019 a very traditional epic Serbian song and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00187-00052020-00052411 uh it felt very interesting you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00188-00052412-00052715 around that time it was Angela Merkel
9QRQZnXzbHU-00189-00052716-00052985 who said uh the migrants are new
9QRQZnXzbHU-00190-00052986-00053249 Europeans and then I thought well we
9QRQZnXzbHU-00191-00053250-00053453 could really make an artistic experiment
9QRQZnXzbHU-00192-00053454-00053873 and what if you know our famous national
9QRQZnXzbHU-00193-00053874-00054203 hero in a contemporary adaptation would
9QRQZnXzbHU-00194-00054204-00054430 be somebody who is actually a migrant
9QRQZnXzbHU-00195-00054432-00054826 this is how it all started and uh yeah
9QRQZnXzbHU-00196-00054827-00055019 we combined these two quite different
9QRQZnXzbHU-00197-00055020-00055379 worlds into one yeah it's it's a great
9QRQZnXzbHU-00198-00055379-00055747 story it's a it's in a way it's also
9QRQZnXzbHU-00199-00055748-00055991 contains a lot of Sorrow of course but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00200-00055991-00056188 it's also a great story what I liked
9QRQZnXzbHU-00201-00056189-00056449 about the story is especially nowadays
9QRQZnXzbHU-00202-00056450-00056771 the world is dealing a lot of refugee
9QRQZnXzbHU-00203-00056772-00057011 crisis and a lot of people's lives are
9QRQZnXzbHU-00204-00057012-00057154 getting harder and harder because
9QRQZnXzbHU-00205-00057155-00057413 they're trying to find a place they
9QRQZnXzbHU-00206-00057414-00057688 belong find a place to home a home they
9QRQZnXzbHU-00207-00057689-00058115 want to live and sometimes also above
9QRQZnXzbHU-00208-00058116-00058391 all the female character says this in
9QRQZnXzbHU-00209-00058391-00058649 the movie she says that I'm not just a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00210-00058650-00059003 number on a paper she still has dreams
9QRQZnXzbHU-00211-00059004-00059249 she still has passions she wants to be
9QRQZnXzbHU-00212-00059250-00059566 an actress in London and she's still a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00213-00059567-00059880 human being like any other human being
9QRQZnXzbHU-00214-00059882-00060454 who who's got dreams and uh in a way the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00215-00060455-00060754 film I think reminds us that and we're
9QRQZnXzbHU-00216-00060755-00060994 all yes there is always a political kind
9QRQZnXzbHU-00217-00060995-00061199 of way that when we're talking about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00218-00061200-00061421 these problems like yeah Refugee
9QRQZnXzbHU-00219-00061422-00061637 problems and if people are trying to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00220-00061638-00061859 migrate from some place another but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00221-00061860-00062147 while we're talking about that's I guess
9QRQZnXzbHU-00222-00062148-00062369 sometimes we forget that there are
9QRQZnXzbHU-00223-00062370-00062632 people who has to maybe give up on their
9QRQZnXzbHU-00224-00062633-00062926 dreams who has to maybe face the reality
9QRQZnXzbHU-00225-00062927-00063250 that they cannot go after their dreams
9QRQZnXzbHU-00226-00063251-00063580 like another person who doesn't have the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00227-00063582-00063815 problem the problems they got so I think
9QRQZnXzbHU-00228-00063816-00064049 I just want to talk that about that a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00229-00064050-00064342 little bit that's that's really affected
9QRQZnXzbHU-00230-00064344-00064625 me so can you just I I thank you very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00231-00064626-00064792 much for that thank you very much for
9QRQZnXzbHU-00232-00064794-00065056 that absolutely I had a feeling that uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00233-00065057-00065447 also uh you know in the media when
9QRQZnXzbHU-00234-00065448-00065644 everything was happening but even now if
9QRQZnXzbHU-00235-00065645-00065926 you look at the uh the refugees you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00236-00065927-00066125 don't really see
9QRQZnXzbHU-00237-00066126-00066394 um real human stories you you there are
9QRQZnXzbHU-00238-00066395-00066581 just statistics there are these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00239-00066582-00066893 projections and uh and you know uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00240-00066894-00067067 depending on what kind of media is
9QRQZnXzbHU-00241-00067068-00067247 saying there you you see these people as
9QRQZnXzbHU-00242-00067248-00067571 threat or you see them as uh just some
9QRQZnXzbHU-00243-00067572-00067894 poor victims I I really wanted to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00244-00067895-00068111 portray them as human beings and and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00245-00068112-00068411 people like us because this is exactly
9QRQZnXzbHU-00246-00068412-00068705 as I said partly I have this experience
9QRQZnXzbHU-00247-00068706-00069071 so uh uh and and partly you know when I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00248-00069072-00069305 did a research for this film I met so
9QRQZnXzbHU-00249-00069306-00069550 many people that were really like us
9QRQZnXzbHU-00250-00069551-00069893 um my one of the co-writers uh who was
9QRQZnXzbHU-00251-00069894-00070126 writing this film with me is a French
9QRQZnXzbHU-00252-00070127-00070421 writer Nicola decray and I remember once
9QRQZnXzbHU-00253-00070422-00070871 when we went to a migrant hotspot and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00254-00070872-00071213 then some volunteers came to us and uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00255-00071214-00071387 they're thinking that we were migrants
9QRQZnXzbHU-00256-00071388-00071626 as well and they offered us help and I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00257-00071627-00071819 remember for me it was normal but for
9QRQZnXzbHU-00258-00071820-00072259 the this French writer it was completely
9QRQZnXzbHU-00259-00072260-00072515 unbelievable he couldn't understand how
9QRQZnXzbHU-00260-00072516-00072887 can somebody think that he is uh to to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00261-00072888-00073144 you know that he's a migrant even for a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00262-00073145-00073391 second and and then then you know it
9QRQZnXzbHU-00263-00073392-00073500 kind of really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00264-00073501-00073823 made some process into in him and this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00265-00073824-00073979 is exactly the process I wanted to do
9QRQZnXzbHU-00266-00073980-00074326 with our film uh that you know these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00267-00074327-00074599 people are you you know in a lot of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00268-00074600-00074855 films that are dealing with migrants
9QRQZnXzbHU-00269-00074856-00075203 migrants are uh for all the good reasons
9QRQZnXzbHU-00270-00075204-00075553 uh uh in or for all the good intentions
9QRQZnXzbHU-00271-00075554-00075935 migrants are portrayed as uh uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00272-00075936-00076325 um victims they are really put only uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00273-00076326-00076715 into identity of victim and uh you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00274-00076716-00077056 just spend 10 minutes there and you will
9QRQZnXzbHU-00275-00077057-00077261 see live which is much bigger than
9QRQZnXzbHU-00276-00077262-00077465 somebody being a victim nobody wants to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00277-00077466-00077771 be a victim so for me it was very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00278-00077772-00077982 important to actually put in the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00279-00077983-00078421 foreground uh this complex beautiful
9QRQZnXzbHU-00280-00078422-00078803 young characters and their love story
9QRQZnXzbHU-00281-00078804-00079241 basically and then uh then all of the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00282-00079242-00079493 fact that they are refugees comes comes
9QRQZnXzbHU-00283-00079494-00079817 as you know in a background in a way and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00284-00079818-00079949 a lot of people when they see the film
9QRQZnXzbHU-00285-00079950-00080105 they say oh but actually it's more a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00286-00080106-00080291 love story than a film about refugees
9QRQZnXzbHU-00287-00080292-00080650 but you know why would refugees not have
9QRQZnXzbHU-00288-00080651-00080993 love stories you know exactly and yeah
9QRQZnXzbHU-00289-00080994-00081287 and another thing you know it's often
9QRQZnXzbHU-00290-00081288-00081503 you think with you know refugees these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00291-00081504-00081815 are these other people who you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00292-00081816-00082087 who are poor and you know I don't know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00293-00082088-00082373 uh somebody it all happens to somebody
9QRQZnXzbHU-00294-00082374-00082619 else but if you spend five minutes with
9QRQZnXzbHU-00295-00082620-00082781 them you realize it's people like you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00296-00082782-00082985 and it now you know thinking about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00297-00082986-00083219 global situation it can happen to any of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00298-00083220-00083650 us unfortunately so uh yeah I uh I I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00299-00083651-00083885 also wanted to emphasize that it's not
9QRQZnXzbHU-00300-00083886-00084100 only about when you care about the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00301-00084101-00084323 migrants it's not only about giving
9QRQZnXzbHU-00302-00084324-00084671 these people food and shelter you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00303-00084672-00084929 it's not only about surviving it's it's
9QRQZnXzbHU-00304-00084930-00085103 about
9QRQZnXzbHU-00305-00085104-00085188 um
9QRQZnXzbHU-00306-00085189-00085649 fulfilling their you know basic human
9QRQZnXzbHU-00307-00085650-00085925 capacities and needs and that are much
9QRQZnXzbHU-00308-00085926-00086212 bigger than just surviving that's why my
9QRQZnXzbHU-00309-00086213-00086500 my characters have really big dreams why
9QRQZnXzbHU-00310-00086501-00086717 one he wants to become a football player
9QRQZnXzbHU-00311-00086718-00086975 she wants to become an actress I met
9QRQZnXzbHU-00312-00086976-00087256 people who are into art in among
9QRQZnXzbHU-00313-00087257-00087562 migrants and of course for me they were
9QRQZnXzbHU-00314-00087563-00087755 the most interesting because I could
9QRQZnXzbHU-00315-00087756-00088085 relate to them so so yeah they they they
9QRQZnXzbHU-00316-00088086-00088349 try to make anyway the whole idea of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00317-00088350-00088600 migrating is to having a better life and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00318-00088601-00088888 and and they they try not to give up on
9QRQZnXzbHU-00319-00088889-00089165 their dreams yeah yeah I think you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00320-00089166-00089344 expect expressed that in a really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00321-00089345-00089729 beautiful way so I hope that audience
9QRQZnXzbHU-00322-00089730-00090082 will also be realize it in this person
9QRQZnXzbHU-00323-00090083-00090293 from this perspective and I also wanted
9QRQZnXzbHU-00324-00090294-00090568 to talk about a human rights point of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00325-00090569-00091037 view about with this film uh which a
9QRQZnXzbHU-00326-00091038-00091300 human rights violations you're talking
9QRQZnXzbHU-00327-00091301-00091631 about and which you are trying to show
9QRQZnXzbHU-00328-00091632-00091891 the audience that
9QRQZnXzbHU-00329-00091892-00092206 these characters should have these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00330-00092207-00092399 rights you're telling something to the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00331-00092400-00092609 audience can you just little tell us
9QRQZnXzbHU-00332-00092610-00092800 that about it well well first of all
9QRQZnXzbHU-00333-00092801-00093071 right to move which is which is really
9QRQZnXzbHU-00334-00093072-00093455 normal and right right to uh exist you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00335-00093456-00093832 know and uh and uh and and then of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00336-00093833-00094055 course this as I mentioned the right to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00337-00094056-00094553 to to fulfill their uh human
9QRQZnXzbHU-00338-00094554-00094943 um uh what's the word uh qualities you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00339-00094944-00095221 know to fulfill the potential they have
9QRQZnXzbHU-00340-00095222-00095549 uh and and or each of us have different
9QRQZnXzbHU-00341-00095550-00096047 potential but but our I guess uh mean of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00342-00096048-00096329 being on this planet is to fulfill the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00343-00096330-00096581 best we can our potential that we have
9QRQZnXzbHU-00344-00096582-00096856 and this is something that is not barely
9QRQZnXzbHU-00345-00096857-00097294 survival yeah yeah exactly exactly I I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00346-00097295-00097606 also wanted to sorry I I just also what
9QRQZnXzbHU-00347-00097607-00097811 was he also for me
9QRQZnXzbHU-00348-00097812-00098188 on a human level very uh kind of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00349-00098189-00098471 confusing and uh in a way if you think
9QRQZnXzbHU-00350-00098472-00098791 humanly about it unacceptable is that
9QRQZnXzbHU-00351-00098792-00099071 usually we think migrant it's this you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00352-00099072-00099353 know come again group of people but
9QRQZnXzbHU-00353-00099354-00099509 actually when you when you start meeting
9QRQZnXzbHU-00354-00099510-00099682 them you realize there are groups and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00355-00099683-00099874 groups who have very different rights
9QRQZnXzbHU-00356-00099875-00100109 and what we and this is what we
9QRQZnXzbHU-00357-00100110-00100300 addressed also in our film you know you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00358-00100301-00100667 have uh refugees who are coming from uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00359-00100668-00101009 uh War uh torn countries but then you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00360-00101010-00101309 have economical migrants and who who
9QRQZnXzbHU-00361-00101310-00101579 have much less rights because you know
9QRQZnXzbHU-00362-00101580-00101800 there there is no war in their countries
9QRQZnXzbHU-00363-00101801-00102197 uh their situation is not as bad you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00364-00102198-00102490 know I I I and then I I think it's kind
9QRQZnXzbHU-00365-00102491-00102886 of uh ridiculous to to to think in these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00366-00102888-00103134 terms who has verse situation I think
9QRQZnXzbHU-00367-00103135-00103582 there are all people in need and we uh
9QRQZnXzbHU-00368-00103583-00103973 as Humanity have to uh civilized people
9QRQZnXzbHU-00369-00103974-00104290 have to help them I'm sure also again if
9QRQZnXzbHU-00370-00104291-00104482 you spend five minutes with them you
9QRQZnXzbHU-00371-00104483-00104813 will realize that nobody would take this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00372-00104814-00105413 big uh dangerous trip uh Journey uh if
9QRQZnXzbHU-00373-00105414-00105652 they don't have to I mean it's not it's
9QRQZnXzbHU-00374-00105653-00105881 not like they lived comfortable life and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00375-00105882-00106121 uh and so they decide to walk for
9QRQZnXzbHU-00376-00106122-00106445 thousands of kilometers on foot and and
9QRQZnXzbHU-00377-00106446-00106799 and they have no clue uh what debates
9QRQZnXzbHU-00378-00106800-00107128 for them they sleep in a forests in the
9QRQZnXzbHU-00379-00107129-00107352 winter they you know a lot of them
9QRQZnXzbHU-00380-00107353-00107686 unfortunately die uh and you know I mean
9QRQZnXzbHU-00381-00107688-00108052 nobody uh would go to this kind of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00382-00108053-00108257 Journey if they don't have a really good
9QRQZnXzbHU-00383-00108258-00108466 reason for it and then Administration
9QRQZnXzbHU-00384-00108467-00108658 comes and say about your reason is good
9QRQZnXzbHU-00385-00108659-00108904 enough and you're not so good so you can
9QRQZnXzbHU-00386-00108905-00109169 pass and you can that was also one of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00387-00109170-00109402 the things that was very unacceptable
9QRQZnXzbHU-00388-00109403-00109649 for me if you just think about these
9QRQZnXzbHU-00389-00109650-00109901 people as as humans as somebody equal to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00390-00109902-00110140 you yeah in an Ideal World they they
9QRQZnXzbHU-00391-00110141-00110315 would be all equal and they would have
9QRQZnXzbHU-00392-00110316-00110645 all equal rights uh I don't know maybe I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00393-00110646-00110908 hope someday that will happen but until
9QRQZnXzbHU-00394-00110909-00111131 then I think it's really great to show
9QRQZnXzbHU-00395-00111132-00111593 these aspects of uh human lives and uh I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00396-00111594-00111808 think um shooting films and shooting
9QRQZnXzbHU-00397-00111809-00112090 documentaries and are a great way of
9QRQZnXzbHU-00398-00112091-00112343 doing that so thank you for this
9QRQZnXzbHU-00399-00112344-00112595 beautiful film and thank you for being
9QRQZnXzbHU-00400-00112596-00112777 here with us again today
9QRQZnXzbHU-00401-00112778-00113021 uh thank you for joining thank you very
9QRQZnXzbHU-00402-00113022-00113195 much thank you thank you for invitation
9QRQZnXzbHU-00403-00113196-00113465 and I hope the audience in Turkey will
9QRQZnXzbHU-00404-00113466-00113843 enjoy it yeah I hope so too so I hope to
9QRQZnXzbHU-00405-00113844-00114215 see you soon maybe in Istanbul someday I
9QRQZnXzbHU-00406-00114216-00114575 really hope so I really hope so yeah
9QRQZnXzbHU-00407-00114576-00114731 particular
9QRQZnXzbHU-00408-00114732-00115009 bye
9R2-e0stSe8-00000-00000000-00000218 hello operators whether your tier 1 or
9R2-e0stSe8-00001-00000219-00000603 tier none you're welcome here
9R2-e0stSe8-00002-00000604-00000890 I was the white motorcycle policeman
9R2-e0stSe8-00003-00000891-00002032 [Music]
9R2-e0stSe8-00004-00002034-00002399 and they say oh I love it I love this I
9R2-e0stSe8-00005-00002400-00002730 love that I love this and if I can give
9R2-e0stSe8-00006-00002731-00002924 them a model to speak to and the sheriff
9R2-e0stSe8-00007-00002925-00003083 can give them a model to speak to where
9R2-e0stSe8-00008-00003084-00003356 where hopefully they say I love working
9R2-e0stSe8-00009-00003357-00003711 for chief Thomas and sheriff lamb that
9R2-e0stSe8-00010-00003711-00003968 what they're gonna find is especially
9R2-e0stSe8-00011-00003969-00004247 for the cop world when laterals go and
9R2-e0stSe8-00012-00004248-00004416 ask around because we're cops we
9R2-e0stSe8-00013-00004417-00004607 investigate stuff you're gonna go and
9R2-e0stSe8-00014-00004608-00004749 ask around and you're gonna ask a few
9R2-e0stSe8-00015-00004750-00004899 cops like hey what do you think of this
9R2-e0stSe8-00016-00004900-00005057 agency or you know what do you think
9R2-e0stSe8-00017-00005058-00005475 your boss is and I think we we are one
9R2-e0stSe8-00018-00005476-00005870 of the leaders in the state for cops who
9R2-e0stSe8-00019-00005871-00006072 want to come beat cops and just do the
9R2-e0stSe8-00020-00006073-00006468 job to come to and be cops and and we
9R2-e0stSe8-00021-00006469-00006723 just got a good raise we put in a good
9R2-e0stSe8-00022-00006723-00006995 step plan that just went through and
9R2-e0stSe8-00023-00006997-00007419 this past week our employees on the
9R2-e0stSe8-00024-00007420-00007593 sworn site started seeing they started
9R2-e0stSe8-00025-00007594-00007812 reaping the benefit of that you hear
9R2-e0stSe8-00026-00007813-00007980 that those of you that are my friend you
9R2-e0stSe8-00027-00007981-00008304 will be buying lunch the next time I see
9R2-e0stSe8-00028-00008305-00008444 you you got a raise I heard it from the
9R2-e0stSe8-00029-00008445-00008604 chief deputy there's it's hitting your
9R2-e0stSe8-00030-00008605-00008763 checks when they got the 15 yeah they
9R2-e0stSe8-00031-00008764-00008963 got it already so like Franco's a bunch
9R2-e0stSe8-00032-00008964-00009435 of people Oh Frank that's twice and two
9R2-e0stSe8-00033-00009436-00009638 separate podcast you've been mentioned
9R2-e0stSe8-00034-00009639-00009896 so we have to mention people you got us
9R2-e0stSe8-00035-00009897-00010137 yeah if we're gonna do that - so you've
9R2-e0stSe8-00036-00010138-00010332 all been satisfied and satiated your
9R2-e0stSe8-00037-00010333-00010763 your we've mentioned you as we've
9R2-e0stSe8-00038-00010764-00010941 touched on when the guys mess up and
9R2-e0stSe8-00039-00010942-00011096 things like that but as a chief deputy
9R2-e0stSe8-00040-00011097-00011424 you got a you know what anything keep
9R2-e0stSe8-00041-00011425-00011715 you up at night any concerns yeah the
9R2-e0stSe8-00042-00011716-00012441 safety of everybody so you hit a spot
9R2-e0stSe8-00043-00012442-00013038 obviously um my number-one fear god I
9R2-e0stSe8-00044-00013038-00013146 didn't know was gonna bother me like
9R2-e0stSe8-00045-00013147-00013358 that my number-one fear is a phone call
9R2-e0stSe8-00046-00013359-00014235 that one of our peoples are sorry never
9R2-e0stSe8-00047-00014236-00014469 had a few of those and they're not fun
9R2-e0stSe8-00048-00014469-00014652 to work through
9R2-e0stSe8-00049-00014653-00014930 and I care deeply about all of our
9R2-e0stSe8-00050-00014931-00015272 people so that is that's the one thing
9R2-e0stSe8-00051-00015274-00015500 that when my phone goes off at night
9R2-e0stSe8-00052-00015501-00015797 I'm always looking at who's calling me
9R2-e0stSe8-00053-00015799-00016047 so if it's dispatch I can I'll be like
9R2-e0stSe8-00054-00016047-00016259 oh god please don't be one of our people
9R2-e0stSe8-00055-00016260-00016691 if it's one of our captains or my Chiefs
9R2-e0stSe8-00056-00016692-00016899 obviously if it's a jail chief I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00057-00016900-00017211 thinking [__] somebody escaped if it's
9R2-e0stSe8-00058-00017212-00017409 the road chief you know my mind goes
9R2-e0stSe8-00059-00017410-00017619 straight to [__] somebody's hurt but
9R2-e0stSe8-00060-00017620-00017856 that is my number one fears is that that
9R2-e0stSe8-00061-00017857-00018108 really eats at me is safety of our
9R2-e0stSe8-00062-00018109-00018279 people and that's shared by the
9R2-e0stSe8-00063-00018280-00018393 community as well and don't ever
9R2-e0stSe8-00064-00018394-00018546 apologize for having a spot headliner
9R2-e0stSe8-00065-00018547-00018585 huh
9R2-e0stSe8-00066-00018586-00018807 because you people know that and and you
9R2-e0stSe8-00067-00018808-00018996 met Brian earlier today who's gonna be
9R2-e0stSe8-00068-00018997-00019311 on another podcast it's even worse when
9R2-e0stSe8-00069-00019312-00019503 you're small it's not small agent you
9R2-e0stSe8-00070-00019504-00019668 know everybody right so it's not like
9R2-e0stSe8-00071-00019669-00019929 you you know these guys family I assume
9R2-e0stSe8-00072-00019930-00020127 you know everybody the gals family so
9R2-e0stSe8-00073-00020128-00020340 that that is a horrible thing do you
9R2-e0stSe8-00074-00020341-00020490 guys have a crisis management team
9R2-e0stSe8-00075-00020491-00020688 process or access to one of those yeah
9R2-e0stSe8-00076-00020689-00020997 we do we have so internally that was
9R2-e0stSe8-00077-00020998-00021222 another thing that sheriff lamb and I
9R2-e0stSe8-00078-00021223-00021414 really felt that we needed to build up
9R2-e0stSe8-00079-00021415-00021606 and and we had some good people working
9R2-e0stSe8-00080-00021607-00021789 on it internally was our peer support in
9R2-e0stSe8-00081-00021790-00022077 our crisis management and of course we
9R2-e0stSe8-00082-00022078-00022236 have all the typical you know county
9R2-e0stSe8-00083-00022237-00022469 outlets that you can go to the EAP and
9R2-e0stSe8-00084-00022470-00022791 all that stuff but internally in pcso
9R2-e0stSe8-00085-00022792-00023313 itself we have created and and I can't
9R2-e0stSe8-00086-00023314-00023456 take credit for this because it's the
9R2-e0stSe8-00087-00023457-00023631 group themselves that have done this so
9R2-e0stSe8-00088-00023632-00023802 the peer support group itself the core
9R2-e0stSe8-00089-00023803-00024093 group started I supported that idea so
9R2-e0stSe8-00090-00024094-00024288 that that was the level of my doing of
9R2-e0stSe8-00091-00024289-00024459 it is just supporting their idea and
9R2-e0stSe8-00092-00024460-00024699 then they ran with it and they have
9R2-e0stSe8-00093-00024700-00025068 blossomed that thing and now they are
9R2-e0stSe8-00094-00025069-00025250 getting calls from other places in the
9R2-e0stSe8-00095-00025251-00025542 county other agencies other departments
9R2-e0stSe8-00096-00025543-00025802 within the county that somebody's in
9R2-e0stSe8-00097-00025803-00026021 crisis and our peer support team is
9R2-e0stSe8-00098-00026022-00026315 helping them get through that and so the
9R2-e0stSe8-00099-00026316-00026495 peer support team is made up of all
9R2-e0stSe8-00100-00026497-00026724 employees I mean we have civilians we
9R2-e0stSe8-00101-00026725-00026936 have sworn we have detention and
9R2-e0stSe8-00102-00026937-00027252 essentially we wanted to break down the
9R2-e0stSe8-00103-00027252-00027468 walls of the whole taboo thing about
9R2-e0stSe8-00104-00027469-00027735 talking about your problems and and
9R2-e0stSe8-00105-00027736-00027951 facing these issues because we all face
9R2-e0stSe8-00106-00027952-00028030 them
9R2-e0stSe8-00107-00028031-00028375 and so we wanted to have a culture of of
9R2-e0stSe8-00108-00028376-00028614 them understanding that we all have
9R2-e0stSe8-00109-00028616-00028902 regular lives we all have regular crap
9R2-e0stSe8-00110-00028904-00029275 that bothers us and when that happens
9R2-e0stSe8-00111-00029276-00029518 because a lot of times we spend more
9R2-e0stSe8-00112-00029519-00029694 time with each other than we do our
9R2-e0stSe8-00113-00029695-00030027 families at home so when that happens we
9R2-e0stSe8-00114-00030029-00030211 want you to know that there's another
9R2-e0stSe8-00115-00030212-00030535 person in this work family that you can
9R2-e0stSe8-00116-00030536-00030838 lean on and talk to and they've been
9R2-e0stSe8-00117-00030839-00030970 through the same thing and they can help
9R2-e0stSe8-00118-00030970-00031375 walk you through this and the people who
9R2-e0stSe8-00119-00031376-00031858 do that there's yes you've hit a spot
9R2-e0stSe8-00120-00031858-00031987 with me too because I've been there too
9R2-e0stSe8-00121-00031988-00032143 when though when those guys come through
9R2-e0stSe8-00122-00032144-00032377 the door yeah yeah and they they do make
9R2-e0stSe8-00123-00032377-00032658 a difference and I the county that I
9R2-e0stSe8-00124-00032660-00032869 volunteered and they brought everybody
9R2-e0stSe8-00125-00032870-00033088 right if you were a dispatcher or a call
9R2-e0stSe8-00126-00033089-00033259 taker and that even took that call
9R2-e0stSe8-00127-00033260-00033472 everybody was collected right other
9R2-e0stSe8-00128-00033473-00033628 shift came in and completely replaced
9R2-e0stSe8-00129-00033629-00033910 you you went to a central place and they
9R2-e0stSe8-00130-00033911-00034063 worked their magic like you said there's
9R2-e0stSe8-00131-00034064-00034309 a lot of resistance mm-hmm you know I
9R2-e0stSe8-00132-00034310-00034534 have you know heaven forbid I cry or I
9R2-e0stSe8-00133-00034535-00034723 have an emotion but I those guys know
9R2-e0stSe8-00134-00034724-00034870 how to work their magic create a safe
9R2-e0stSe8-00135-00034871-00035044 space for that yeah and there's a lot of
9R2-e0stSe8-00136-00035045-00035224 you know in the peer support world
9R2-e0stSe8-00137-00035225-00035353 because haven't done this for a while
9R2-e0stSe8-00138-00035354-00035584 the models have changed over the years
9R2-e0stSe8-00139-00035585-00035907 over the years and the the newer models
9R2-e0stSe8-00140-00035908-00036166 they don't focus so much on the group
9R2-e0stSe8-00141-00036167-00036337 gatherings they focus more on the
9R2-e0stSe8-00142-00036338-00036616 individuals but we do the same thing and
9R2-e0stSe8-00143-00036617-00036847 now we've what what we've done with this
9R2-e0stSe8-00144-00036848-00037090 the like peer support and the critical
9R2-e0stSe8-00145-00037091-00037228 incident stuff has created kind of a
9R2-e0stSe8-00146-00037229-00037600 matrix and so what happens with our peer
9R2-e0stSe8-00147-00037601-00037927 support people and with our command is
9R2-e0stSe8-00148-00037928-00038164 if a call goes out ie
9R2-e0stSe8-00149-00038165-00038460 baby not breathing and our deputy
9R2-e0stSe8-00150-00038461-00038707 responds and the baby ends up not making
9R2-e0stSe8-00151-00038708-00039081 it that would trigger that matrix in
9R2-e0stSe8-00152-00039082-00039331 into effect which means that the
9R2-e0stSe8-00153-00039332-00039634 dispatch our dispatch center those
9R2-e0stSe8-00154-00039635-00039874 dispatchers would notify who they need
9R2-e0stSe8-00155-00039875-00040009 to notify and it would trigger a
9R2-e0stSe8-00156-00040010-00040333 response and so then our peer support
9R2-e0stSe8-00157-00040334-00040516 group would know that okay we need to
9R2-e0stSe8-00158-00040517-00040669 talk to the deputy that responded to
9R2-e0stSe8-00159-00040670-00040852 that call we need to talk to the rest of
9R2-e0stSe8-00160-00040853-00041020 his squad mates because people don't
9R2-e0stSe8-00161-00041021-00041170 realize that they get affected by things
9R2-e0stSe8-00162-00041171-00041320 even though they weren't even on that
9R2-e0stSe8-00163-00041321-00041422 call
9R2-e0stSe8-00164-00041423-00041569 we need to talk to the dispatcher and
9R2-e0stSe8-00165-00041570-00041764 the dispatcher was a huge piece that we
9R2-e0stSe8-00166-00041765-00042082 were missing in the past because like
9R2-e0stSe8-00167-00042083-00042331 four cops what we don't understand is we
9R2-e0stSe8-00168-00042332-00042466 go to the calls so we know the whole
9R2-e0stSe8-00169-00042467-00042508 story
9R2-e0stSe8-00170-00042509-00042889 the dispatchers they get a 911 call of
9R2-e0stSe8-00171-00042890-00043129 somebody frantic and they dispatch the
9R2-e0stSe8-00172-00043130-00043279 call and they kind of know what's going
9R2-e0stSe8-00173-00043280-00043486 on but then the deputy gets there and it
9R2-e0stSe8-00174-00043487-00043732 just kind of goes dark and then they're
9R2-e0stSe8-00175-00043733-00043894 trying to fill in all these blanks and
9R2-e0stSe8-00176-00043895-00044026 they're not getting the information and
9R2-e0stSe8-00177-00044027-00044263 that's your - yeah and that can be more
9R2-e0stSe8-00178-00044264-00044386 stressful than the guy that actually
9R2-e0stSe8-00179-00044387-00044755 showed up and took the call so we we
9R2-e0stSe8-00180-00044756-00045058 tried to be all inclusive in our in who
9R2-e0stSe8-00181-00045059-00045313 we reach out to and so when we have a
9R2-e0stSe8-00182-00045314-00045514 critical incident happened it
9R2-e0stSe8-00183-00045515-00045661 immediately triggers that they start
9R2-e0stSe8-00184-00045662-00045913 reaching out to those people offering
9R2-e0stSe8-00185-00045914-00046090 them services checking on them and and
9R2-e0stSe8-00186-00046091-00046255 we didn't want to overdo it because
9R2-e0stSe8-00187-00046256-00046438 having been in some critical incidents
9R2-e0stSe8-00188-00046439-00046714 is the the one thing that I hate is you
9R2-e0stSe8-00189-00046715-00046891 know you would get that counselor that's
9R2-e0stSe8-00190-00046892-00047014 in your face are you okay are you
9R2-e0stSe8-00191-00047015-00047149 feeling okay these are the things you're
9R2-e0stSe8-00192-00047150-00047287 gonna feel and you're just like the hell
9R2-e0stSe8-00193-00047288-00047461 out of my face dude like I don't I don't
9R2-e0stSe8-00194-00047462-00047659 know you I don't want to talk to you I
9R2-e0stSe8-00195-00047660-00047914 just you know leave me alone you hit on
9R2-e0stSe8-00196-00047915-00048103 a sore spot I'm gonna sort of a big spot
9R2-e0stSe8-00197-00048104-00048303 for me this is how you should feel
9R2-e0stSe8-00198-00048304-00048595 bs you take a concealed-weapons course
9R2-e0stSe8-00199-00048596-00048739 you take any kind of firearms course and
9R2-e0stSe8-00200-00048740-00048882 you've got some of you can talk about
9R2-e0stSe8-00201-00048883-00049168 officer-involved shootings or critical
9R2-e0stSe8-00202-00049169-00049315 incidents training and you've got a guy
9R2-e0stSe8-00203-00049316-00049477 at the podium and this is a lot of
9R2-e0stSe8-00204-00049478-00049666 conferences love tell you exactly how
9R2-e0stSe8-00205-00049667-00049828 you're gonna process them right not
9R2-e0stSe8-00206-00049829-00050053 everybody processes that way right just
9R2-e0stSe8-00207-00050054-00050251 like the guy who can go to an autopsy
9R2-e0stSe8-00208-00050252-00050389 and go out and have a cheese sandwich or
9R2-e0stSe8-00209-00050390-00050584 right after people process things
9R2-e0stSe8-00210-00050585-00050758 differently yeah and if you're telling
9R2-e0stSe8-00211-00050759-00050872 somebody here this is good and he
9R2-e0stSe8-00212-00050873-00051007 doesn't feel that way he's going what's
9R2-e0stSe8-00213-00051008-00051204 wrong with no right you're gonna process
9R2-e0stSe8-00214-00051205-00051328 the way you're gonna process it and
9R2-e0stSe8-00215-00051329-00051535 we're here for you mm and we're here to
9R2-e0stSe8-00216-00051536-00051676 offer your support yeah
9R2-e0stSe8-00217-00051677-00051871 what about knuckleheads do they get had
9R2-e0stSe8-00218-00051872-00052230 a I think it to your level cuz you got
9R2-e0stSe8-00219-00052232-00052576 some knuckleheads everyone I do I do two
9R2-e0stSe8-00220-00052577-00052828 hours of dumb stuff a day right here so
9R2-e0stSe8-00221-00052829-00052929 I know what it's like to be a
9R2-e0stSe8-00222-00052930-00053182 knucklehead to get in trouble so what
9R2-e0stSe8-00223-00053183-00053344 happens if I'm a knucklehead and my
9R2-e0stSe8-00224-00053345-00053611 sergeants addressed it and cuz they I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00225-00053612-00053797 sure you hear from everybody yeah yeah
9R2-e0stSe8-00226-00053798-00053967 we do if a knucklehead makes it to my
9R2-e0stSe8-00227-00053969-00054180 level he's a special kind of knucklehead
9R2-e0stSe8-00228-00054182-00054370 cuz that means he's went through a bunch
9R2-e0stSe8-00229-00054371-00054792 of levels to screw up as
9R2-e0stSe8-00230-00054793-00055592 Frank can tell you story yeah so so
9R2-e0stSe8-00231-00055593-00055803 knuckle heads are hard because it
9R2-e0stSe8-00232-00055804-00055914 depends on what kind of knuckle head
9R2-e0stSe8-00233-00055915-00056055 they are so sometimes it's really funny
9R2-e0stSe8-00234-00056056-00056298 stuff it is and sometimes you have guys
9R2-e0stSe8-00235-00056299-00056513 that are just those guys that are just
9R2-e0stSe8-00236-00056514-00056829 they're good good people they mean to do
9R2-e0stSe8-00237-00056830-00057132 well and they just cannot make a right
9R2-e0stSe8-00238-00057133-00057348 decision to save their life sometimes
9R2-e0stSe8-00239-00057349-00057573 but then you have other ones that are
9R2-e0stSe8-00240-00057574-00057966 just you know being dumb asses and and
9R2-e0stSe8-00241-00057967-00058290 they continue to do that and honestly
9R2-e0stSe8-00242-00058291-00058503 there's some and this is a small
9R2-e0stSe8-00243-00058504-00058653 percentage but there's some that have no
9R2-e0stSe8-00244-00058654-00058998 idea and and you're trying to explain it
9R2-e0stSe8-00245-00058999-00059169 to them and they're just thousand-yard
9R2-e0stSe8-00246-00059170-00059436 stare and you know sometimes you just
9R2-e0stSe8-00247-00059437-00059661 think like how in the hell did you even
9R2-e0stSe8-00248-00059662-00060015 remember to breathe and again those are
9R2-e0stSe8-00249-00060016-00060192 small percentage but dealing with
9R2-e0stSe8-00250-00060193-00060363 knuckleheads is you know I've kind of
9R2-e0stSe8-00251-00060364-00060540 dealt with it the same my whole career
9R2-e0stSe8-00252-00060541-00060729 they're not all bad so no no some are
9R2-e0stSe8-00253-00060730-00060885 great cops who just do funny stuff
9R2-e0stSe8-00254-00060886-00061086 that's funny to them but at the moment
9R2-e0stSe8-00255-00061087-00061278 but not but I mean we've we've all done
9R2-e0stSe8-00256-00061279-00061539 it and we've all you know I I'm I'm a
9R2-e0stSe8-00257-00061540-00061869 jokester and and you know I've done some
9R2-e0stSe8-00258-00061870-00062010 stuff where I was like that was probably
9R2-e0stSe8-00259-00062011-00062271 bad timing and you know when you're in
9R2-e0stSe8-00260-00062272-00062424 front of your lieutenant getting yelled
9R2-e0stSe8-00261-00062425-00062580 at you realize yeah that was a horrible
9R2-e0stSe8-00262-00062581-00062910 timing but we just deal with those on a
9R2-e0stSe8-00263-00062911-00063174 case by case basis and I mean you know
9R2-e0stSe8-00264-00063175-00063378 if it's if it's no harm no foul kind of
9R2-e0stSe8-00265-00063379-00063654 behavior like so I'll give you an
9R2-e0stSe8-00266-00063655-00064014 instance and not that he's I lean in
9R2-e0stSe8-00267-00064015-00064287 prepare my pen to take you yes
9R2-e0stSe8-00268-00064288-00064488 this particular sergeant wasn't
9R2-e0stSe8-00269-00064489-00064659 necessarily a knucklehead but he made a
9R2-e0stSe8-00270-00064660-00065019 knucklehead move so it was an early
9R2-e0stSe8-00271-00065020-00065163 morning I was a lieutenant I was a
9R2-e0stSe8-00272-00065164-00065331 patrol lieutenant and one of my patrol
9R2-e0stSe8-00273-00065332-00065544 sergeants calls me and he says are we
9R2-e0stSe8-00274-00065545-00065841 cool to Kosar oh absolutely
9R2-e0stSe8-00275-00065842-00066228 so then are you okay what we didn't I
9R2-e0stSe8-00276-00066229-00066571 didn't mean to wake you bad so sergeant
9R2-e0stSe8-00277-00066572-00066723 calls me early in the morning it's like
9R2-e0stSe8-00278-00066724-00066926 6:00 a.m. on a Saturday which was odd
9R2-e0stSe8-00279-00066927-00067206 for him to call me then and so I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00280-00067207-00067389 thinking okay what's going on and he
9R2-e0stSe8-00281-00067390-00067771 says hey I'm on a self-report okay and
9R2-e0stSe8-00282-00067772-00067962 he says I just told some guy to [__] off
9R2-e0stSe8-00283-00067963-00068151 and I said okay so give me the full
9R2-e0stSe8-00284-00068152-00068179 store
9R2-e0stSe8-00285-00068180-00068473 so he gives me the full story and then
9R2-e0stSe8-00286-00068474-00068746 about ten minutes after I hang up with
9R2-e0stSe8-00287-00068747-00068917 him I get a call from dispatch hey we
9R2-e0stSe8-00288-00068918-00069057 got a guy that wants to complain about
9R2-e0stSe8-00289-00069058-00069244 one of your officers and I was like okay
9R2-e0stSe8-00290-00069245-00069553 who is it so he says I'll you know
9R2-e0stSe8-00291-00069554-00069724 here's the guy's info and he says one of
9R2-e0stSe8-00292-00069725-00069892 your officers yelled profanities at him
9R2-e0stSe8-00293-00069893-00070032 like all right cool I already know the
9R2-e0stSe8-00294-00070033-00070393 story so call the guy and I said hey you
9R2-e0stSe8-00295-00070394-00070756 know this is who I am and how can I help
9R2-e0stSe8-00296-00070757-00071023 you and he says well one of your one of
9R2-e0stSe8-00297-00071024-00071188 your officers he says I don't know his
9R2-e0stSe8-00298-00071189-00071419 name but he said there was an accident
9R2-e0stSe8-00299-00071420-00071644 and I kind of came into that scene and I
9R2-e0stSe8-00300-00071645-00071791 was trying to get you know work my way
9R2-e0stSe8-00301-00071792-00071986 through and I went to ask him a question
9R2-e0stSe8-00302-00071987-00072181 and he told me to [__] off and keep
9R2-e0stSe8-00303-00072182-00072610 driving and I said okay well so just so
9R2-e0stSe8-00304-00072611-00072844 you know sir I said it was sergeant
9R2-e0stSe8-00305-00072845-00073171 so-and-so and he already called me and
9R2-e0stSe8-00306-00073172-00073321 he told me what he did and he's like
9R2-e0stSe8-00307-00073322-00073551 really and I said yeah he I said so
9R2-e0stSe8-00308-00073552-00073744 here's the deal um he's had a long night
9R2-e0stSe8-00309-00073745-00074091 they had a lot a lot of screwed up calls
9R2-e0stSe8-00310-00074092-00074365 he was about to get off when this
9R2-e0stSe8-00311-00074366-00074641 accident kicked out so he's not going
9R2-e0stSe8-00312-00074642-00074806 home on time he worked graveyard all
9R2-e0stSe8-00313-00074807-00075091 night he's tired he was frustrated the
9R2-e0stSe8-00314-00075092-00075301 people weren't agreeing with him and you
9R2-e0stSe8-00315-00075302-00075460 hit him right at the right moment where
9R2-e0stSe8-00316-00075461-00075681 he told you to [__] off and he says oh
9R2-e0stSe8-00317-00075682-00076117 oh okay well what's gonna happen and I
9R2-e0stSe8-00318-00076118-00076363 said well so I I kind of yelled at him
9R2-e0stSe8-00319-00076364-00076543 and I told him dude you can't be telling
9R2-e0stSe8-00320-00076544-00076690 people that you know just because you're
9R2-e0stSe8-00321-00076691-00076881 having a bad day and he understood that
9R2-e0stSe8-00322-00076882-00077149 and you know he he's not gonna do it
9R2-e0stSe8-00323-00077150-00077296 again he's a good sergeant actually he's
9R2-e0stSe8-00324-00077297-00077556 one of my better ones and it was just
9R2-e0stSe8-00325-00077557-00077755 it's one of those deals man he's a human
9R2-e0stSe8-00326-00077756-00078088 and the guy says well yeah okay um I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00327-00078089-00078262 good with that and he says uh I hope he
9R2-e0stSe8-00328-00078263-00078456 has a better day you know like all right
9R2-e0stSe8-00329-00078457-00078676 cool so you know I told the sergeant hey
9R2-e0stSe8-00330-00078677-00078943 dude he called he complained you
9R2-e0stSe8-00331-00078944-00079204 self-reported it's it's all good please
9R2-e0stSe8-00332-00079205-00079321 don't tell people to [__] off in the
9R2-e0stSe8-00333-00079322-00079569 future okay and and we called it good so
9R2-e0stSe8-00334-00079570-00079771 you know you get knucklehead moves like
9R2-e0stSe8-00335-00079772-00079912 that but you just like I said you just
9R2-e0stSe8-00336-00079913-00080080 kind of work through it and the biggest
9R2-e0stSe8-00337-00080081-00080290 thing I think that happens at our level
9R2-e0stSe8-00338-00080291-00080694 is guys that get up to this level tend
9R2-e0stSe8-00339-00080695-00081004 to forget the things that they did
9R2-e0stSe8-00340-00081005-00081156 during their career and they tend to
9R2-e0stSe8-00341-00081157-00081507 forget how people act to it because
9R2-e0stSe8-00342-00081508-00081669 when you get to this level people treat
9R2-e0stSe8-00343-00081670-00081858 you differently too than they do just a
9R2-e0stSe8-00344-00081859-00082098 normal street cop and so you've always
9R2-e0stSe8-00345-00082099-00082290 got to think from whatever level you're
9R2-e0stSe8-00346-00082291-00082488 dealing with and so you know when when
9R2-e0stSe8-00347-00082489-00082752 we're dealing with a deputy I've got to
9R2-e0stSe8-00348-00082753-00082926 think okay if I was a deputy would this
9R2-e0stSe8-00349-00082927-00083127 make sense to me yeah you know all right
9R2-e0stSe8-00350-00083128-00083352 I I could see myself doing that and you
9R2-e0stSe8-00351-00083353-00083595 know okay I could see myself making a
9R2-e0stSe8-00352-00083596-00083763 smartass comment or something on the
9R2-e0stSe8-00353-00083764-00083952 scene or laughing when it's
9R2-e0stSe8-00354-00083953-00084102 inappropriate because we have a dark
9R2-e0stSe8-00355-00084103-00084384 sense of humor so yes that's the way we
9R2-e0stSe8-00356-00084385-00084522 like to approach it and I think again
9R2-e0stSe8-00357-00084523-00084735 that that helps in our environment is
9R2-e0stSe8-00358-00084736-00084963 just treating everybody as an
9R2-e0stSe8-00359-00084964-00085149 independent thinker and dealing with the
9R2-e0stSe8-00360-00085150-00085377 problem in front of us as it is that was
9R2-e0stSe8-00361-00085378-00085665 a I want a self report now and I
9R2-e0stSe8-00362-00085666-00085794 reported this back when it happened but
9R2-e0stSe8-00363-00085795-00086025 you you reminded me of this as a
9R2-e0stSe8-00364-00086026-00086160 volunteer the sheriff's I was mind you
9R2-e0stSe8-00365-00086161-00086373 not sworn not compensated I volunteered
9R2-e0stSe8-00366-00086374-00086571 my time we transport people to jail not
9R2-e0stSe8-00367-00086572-00086904 a cop make very clear DUI Task Force
9R2-e0stSe8-00368-00086905-00087150 years ago I'm there for the food I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00369-00087151-00087402 wearing a hoodie I have a posse car so
9R2-e0stSe8-00370-00087403-00087507 it's got all the lights and all the
9R2-e0stSe8-00371-00087508-00087732 stuff approved by the sheriff of that
9R2-e0stSe8-00372-00087733-00088107 County a motor officer struck on the 101
9R2-e0stSe8-00373-00088108-00088482 freeway my guys go so we make our way
9R2-e0stSe8-00374-00088483-00088674 there we don't run coke cos we don't so
9R2-e0stSe8-00375-00088675-00088836 they're handling it there's a city
9R2-e0stSe8-00376-00088837-00089013 police been blocking the top of the ramp
9R2-e0stSe8-00377-00089014-00089208 hey Atkins do me a favor we got a lot
9R2-e0stSe8-00378-00089209-00089379 going on can you take the ramp that I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00379-00089380-00089589 allowed to do I take that car and sound
9R2-e0stSe8-00380-00089590-00089724 off signal I want to thank you again for
9R2-e0stSe8-00381-00089725-00089856 the $10,000 with the lights on that
9R2-e0stSe8-00382-00089857-00090105 vehicle because I got to use them I set
9R2-e0stSe8-00383-00090106-00090453 out one of my best flare patterns you
9R2-e0stSe8-00384-00090454-00090813 ever saw I took that Lane if you came
9R2-e0stSe8-00385-00090814-00090942 out of Old Town Scottsdale you're all
9R2-e0stSe8-00386-00090943-00091059 coming from the clubs with your tight
9R2-e0stSe8-00387-00091060-00091209 jeans yeah you were coming towards me
9R2-e0stSe8-00388-00091210-00091314 after you're leaving the club
9R2-e0stSe8-00389-00091315-00091614 empty-handed so I'm there now I've got
9R2-e0stSe8-00390-00091615-00091797 on the traffic vest like you're supposed
9R2-e0stSe8-00391-00091798-00092094 to wear and I've worked all day and I'm
9R2-e0stSe8-00392-00092095-00092268 kind of cranky some of you may or may
9R2-e0stSe8-00393-00092269-00092460 not know that and I've got another
9R2-e0stSe8-00394-00092461-00092628 volunteer with me and cars are coming
9R2-e0stSe8-00395-00092629-00092837 and they're not acknowledging that
9R2-e0stSe8-00396-00092838-00093123 mosaic of flares and they're coming up
9R2-e0stSe8-00397-00093124-00093261 and I started doing the same thing I
9R2-e0stSe8-00398-00093262-00093441 like to go south here I say well you
9R2-e0stSe8-00399-00093442-00093588 don't get you have to go back and go
9R2-e0stSe8-00400-00093589-00093732 down to the next street and that'll take
9R2-e0stSe8-00401-00093733-00093933 you back to the East Valley where you
9R2-e0stSe8-00402-00093934-00094167 want to go I'm doing this over and over
9R2-e0stSe8-00403-00094168-00094362 now meantime I don't know because I'm on
9R2-e0stSe8-00404-00094363-00094530 a different radio how that officer was
9R2-e0stSe8-00405-00094531-00094704 at the bottom of the ramp
9R2-e0stSe8-00406-00094705-00094892 you know the freeway is stopped
9R2-e0stSe8-00407-00094893-00095111 so my thoughts prayers heart everything
9R2-e0stSe8-00408-00095112-00095258 is with this guy and I got these
9R2-e0stSe8-00409-00095259-00095492 knuckleheads coming out of the club to
9R2-e0stSe8-00410-00095493-00095984 come on up yes and I finally got I said
9R2-e0stSe8-00411-00095985-00096179 I'm gonna entertain myself as I most
9R2-e0stSe8-00412-00096180-00096671 days it was an early morning I was a
9R2-e0stSe8-00413-00096672-00096839 lieutenant on the patrol lieutenant and
9R2-e0stSe8-00414-00096840-00097007 one of my patrol sergeants calls me and
9R2-e0stSe8-00415-00097008-00097256 he says are we cool to Kosar I go
9R2-e0stSe8-00416-00097257-00097829 absolutely so
9R2-e0stSe8-00417-00097830-00098790 [Music]
9R2-e0stSe8-00418-00098791-00098820 you
9R2-e0stSe8-00419-00098821-00099330 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00000-00000318-00000413 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00001-00000413-00002606 um
9R6K1G8DimU-00002-00002607-00004270 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00003-00004271-00004354 foreign
9R6K1G8DimU-00004-00004355-00006726 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00005-00006727-00007472 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00006-00007473-00007973 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00007-00007973-00008752 foreign
9R6K1G8DimU-00008-00008753-00011114 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00009-00011115-00012367 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00010-00012368-00013126 I'm about to break this
9R6K1G8DimU-00011-00013127-00013565 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00012-00013566-00013682 Journey
9R6K1G8DimU-00013-00013683-00016205 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00014-00016206-00016512 foreign
9R6K1G8DimU-00016-00019901-00020827 please
9R6K1G8DimU-00017-00020828-00021258 thank you
9R6K1G8DimU-00018-00021259-00021927 when I am with you there's no place
9R6K1G8DimU-00019-00021928-00022830 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00020-00022831-00024900 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00021-00024901-00025552 [Music]
9R6K1G8DimU-00022-00025553-00026781 [Music]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00000-00000003-00000316 no one's going in or out just like that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00001-00000317-00000539 yeah fair enough but any trouble you
9SdYGjxGRSu-00002-00000540-00000730 shoot first and ask questions later all
9SdYGjxGRSu-00003-00000731-00001441 right yeah I was solely tempted to just
9SdYGjxGRSu-00004-00001442-00001607 pick up that briefcase right there and
9SdYGjxGRSu-00005-00001607-00002032 walk they trust me that's nothing
9SdYGjxGRSu-00006-00002034-00002152 compared to what Rhonda
9SdYGjxGRSu-00007-00002153-00002752 yeah well didn't I tell you oh please
9SdYGjxGRSu-00008-00002753-00003522 look I just hope you're right about this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00009-00003523-00005059 seems pretty quiet
9SdYGjxGRSu-00010-00005060-00005345 you think they're still in there well
9SdYGjxGRSu-00011-00005346-00005611 well no can I just barge in the front
9SdYGjxGRSu-00012-00005612-00005938 door and find out no we can't afford to
9SdYGjxGRSu-00013-00005939-00006302 waste time still I'll find a way in
9SdYGjxGRSu-00014-00006303-00006379 check it out
9SdYGjxGRSu-00016-00011984-00013215 where did it go
9SdYGjxGRSu-00018-00016363-00017149 okay Madison I did indeed know where did
9SdYGjxGRSu-00020-00020875-00021205 does anybody see a car cuz I don't see a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00021-00021206-00021250 car
9SdYGjxGRSu-00022-00021251-00021832 I don't understand yes the green door
9SdYGjxGRSu-00023-00021833-00022102 I'm sure Nate we are losing time here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00024-00022103-00022344 that damn briefcase is looking better
9SdYGjxGRSu-00025-00022345-00022414 and better
9SdYGjxGRSu-00026-00022415-00022569 alright come on they didn't just vanish
9SdYGjxGRSu-00027-00022570-00022789 into thin air right there's got to be an
9SdYGjxGRSu-00028-00022790-00023436 explanation just spread out look around
9SdYGjxGRSu-00029-00023437-00023746 you're all right I can still smell the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00030-00023747-00024394 exhaust tire tracks still wet from the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00031-00024395-00024575 rain
9SdYGjxGRSu-00032-00024576-00025822 looks like the car turned here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00033-00025823-00026907 hey check this out mmm some kind of
9SdYGjxGRSu-00034-00026908-00027518 mechanism yeah maybe four tires for
9SdYGjxGRSu-00035-00027519-00027780 points of contact Sully stand right
9SdYGjxGRSu-00036-00027781-00027807 there
9SdYGjxGRSu-00037-00027808-00028761 you two back there in there everybody on
9SdYGjxGRSu-00038-00028762-00029793 3 ready 1 2 3 and well this has gotta be
9SdYGjxGRSu-00039-00029794-00029823 it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00040-00029824-00030890 oh wait wait it's a light Sully aim your
9SdYGjxGRSu-00041-00030891-00032014 beam at the wall like headlights
9SdYGjxGRSu-00042-00032015-00032632 elaborate goddamn Cadabra night just who
9SdYGjxGRSu-00043-00032633-00032923 are we dealing with here there's only
9SdYGjxGRSu-00044-00032924-00033214 one way to find out we'll track the car
9SdYGjxGRSu-00045-00033215-00033394 you head back to the van we'll try and
9SdYGjxGRSu-00046-00033395-00033541 stay right here contact I'll let you
9SdYGjxGRSu-00047-00033542-00033632 know when we get through to the other
9SdYGjxGRSu-00048-00033633-00033874 side right wherever the hell that is
9SdYGjxGRSu-00049-00033875-00034157 just be ready for anything might be a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00050-00034158-00034501 quick exit no doubt she's the best
9SdYGjxGRSu-00051-00034502-00034699 driver in the business you know so I've
9SdYGjxGRSu-00052-00034700-00035145 heard
9SdYGjxGRSu-00053-00035146-00035395 well I think we agree this is more than
9SdYGjxGRSu-00054-00035396-00035716 a little we'd help drive their car
9SdYGjxGRSu-00055-00035717-00035827 underground
9SdYGjxGRSu-00056-00035828-00036094 oh well let me think someone who doesn't
9SdYGjxGRSu-00057-00036095-00036229 want to be followed you guys just a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00058-00036230-00036307 guess
9SdYGjxGRSu-00059-00036308-00036607 smartass it looks like they've bored
9SdYGjxGRSu-00060-00036608-00037766 straight into the old service tunnels
9SdYGjxGRSu-00061-00037767-00038154 bones to dead aim well just have to find
9SdYGjxGRSu-00062-00038155-00039479 a way around hey over here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00063-00039480-00039649 we should be able to squeeze through
9SdYGjxGRSu-00064-00039650-00040821 here lead on
9SdYGjxGRSu-00065-00040822-00041184 can we out here long please mine alright
9SdYGjxGRSu-00066-00041185-00041376 back there yeah yeah you know justjust
9SdYGjxGRSu-00067-00041377-00041664 keen on the old Thai spices that's all I
9SdYGjxGRSu-00068-00041665-00042383 just keep moving
9SdYGjxGRSu-00070-00046757-00047012 okay tunnels right below us
9SdYGjxGRSu-00071-00047013-00047183 at least we're still on the right path
9SdYGjxGRSu-00073-00050870-00053079 careful its slippery
9SdYGjxGRSu-00074-00053080-00054475 hey come
9SdYGjxGRSu-00075-00054476-00054787 there's a passage up there and a ladder
9SdYGjxGRSu-00076-00054788-00055216 yeah looks like it's jammed though let
9SdYGjxGRSu-00079-00062763-00065360 about you alright ready pull
9SdYGjxGRSu-00080-00065361-00066904 okay Charlie come on I kept you Diane
9SdYGjxGRSu-00081-00066905-00067234 yes the tunnel again to further drop
9SdYGjxGRSu-00082-00067235-00067765 though we'll break a damn necks and
9SdYGjxGRSu-00083-00067766-00068592 can't be done yet down here okay fishy
9SdYGjxGRSu-00084-00068593-00069638 of Africans our antenna huh it's not
9SdYGjxGRSu-00085-00069639-00069878 [Music]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00086-00069879-00070485 they are they are seriously weird Dan
9SdYGjxGRSu-00087-00070486-00070791 yeah but Ken's Mark Ryan II so he
9SdYGjxGRSu-00088-00070792-00071054 damaged get here okay
9SdYGjxGRSu-00089-00071055-00072067 eyes gotta be Victoria might be older
9SdYGjxGRSu-00090-00072068-00073687 maybe we can get through here it's a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00091-00073688-00073829 counterweight up there looks like it's
9SdYGjxGRSu-00094-00085404-00086177 that's what I thought of them hey
9SdYGjxGRSu-00095-00086178-00086435 there's Marla's car all right
9SdYGjxGRSu-00096-00086436-00089213 from Iran hands up oh we must have taken
9SdYGjxGRSu-00097-00089214-00089384 a wrong turn somewhere yeah is this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00098-00089385-00090336 King's Cross don't move
9SdYGjxGRSu-00099-00090337-00093138 a train station with something almost
9SdYGjxGRSu-00100-00093139-00093311 200 years old
9SdYGjxGRSu-00101-00093312-00093525 Jesus just when you think things can't
9SdYGjxGRSu-00103-00097656-00098132 the party can shift 800 and Nawal her I
9SdYGjxGRSu-00104-00098133-00099353 can match back take them out quietly
9SdYGjxGRSu-00105-00099354-00100044 they must have gone through here oh this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00106-00100045-00101531 stonework looks like Tudor 16th century
9SdYGjxGRSu-00107-00101532-00103455 moccasin I guess this way
9SdYGjxGRSu-00108-00103456-00104374 [Music]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00109-00104375-00104748 no no no seriously who are these people
9SdYGjxGRSu-00110-00104749-00105202 I'm not interested in your excuses it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00111-00105203-00105391 was a loose cannon and you should have
9SdYGjxGRSu-00112-00105392-00105733 known yes it is regrettable but not
9SdYGjxGRSu-00113-00105733-00106165 regrettable sloppy your poor judgment
9SdYGjxGRSu-00114-00106166-00106738 could have cost us everything 400 years
9SdYGjxGRSu-00115-00106739-00107413 of searching finally Drake's secret will
9SdYGjxGRSu-00116-00107414-00108445 be revealed what is this I don't
9SdYGjxGRSu-00117-00108446-00108849 understand
9SdYGjxGRSu-00118-00108850-00109282 it's a forgery what that's not possible
9SdYGjxGRSu-00119-00109283-00109729 I verified it myself this isn't a ring
9SdYGjxGRSu-00120-00109730-00109852 really
9SdYGjxGRSu-00121-00109853-00110197 I held it in my hands Essam put it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00122-00110198-00110691 around his neck this doesn't make sense
9SdYGjxGRSu-00123-00110692-00111514 we've been duped cutter uh-huh you men
9SdYGjxGRSu-00124-00111515-00111817 stand guard and stay alert we may have
9SdYGjxGRSu-00125-00111818-00112225 been followed you come with us find them
9SdYGjxGRSu-00126-00112226-00112516 and bring me that ring I don't care how
9SdYGjxGRSu-00127-00112517-00112891 you get it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00128-00112892-00114661 Hey
9SdYGjxGRSu-00129-00114663-00115298 I heard how did he ever even know what
9SdYGjxGRSu-00130-00115299-00116551 means that restaurant I'd be had a [__]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00131-00116552-00116807 this is quite the operation they got
9SdYGjxGRSu-00132-00116808-00119108 going here look at all this stuff
9SdYGjxGRSu-00133-00119109-00119340 yeah Nate
9SdYGjxGRSu-00134-00119341-00120455 focus we haven't got much time here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00135-00120456-00121113 what are you my god do you know what
9SdYGjxGRSu-00136-00121114-00121293 this is it's a book mate there's a lot
9SdYGjxGRSu-00137-00121294-00121458 of them in here it's a library it's not
9SdYGjxGRSu-00138-00121458-00121698 just any book why's s belong to TE
9SdYGjxGRSu-00139-00121699-00121941 Lawrence you know Lawrence of Arabia yes
9SdYGjxGRSu-00140-00121942-00122264 yes yes I know he is
9SdYGjxGRSu-00141-00122265-00122502 this was mail from Dorset on the day of
9SdYGjxGRSu-00142-00122503-00122983 his motorcycle accident may 13th 1935 I
9SdYGjxGRSu-00143-00122984-00123189 must have killed him once they got their
9SdYGjxGRSu-00144-00123190-00123528 hands on it they yeah they they them
9SdYGjxGRSu-00145-00123529-00123783 whoever these people are what a lot of
9SdYGjxGRSu-00146-00123783-00124028 rubbish it was an accident
9SdYGjxGRSu-00147-00124029-00124293 witnesses saw a black car run him off
9SdYGjxGRSu-00148-00124294-00124511 the road guys oh so it was like a big
9SdYGjxGRSu-00149-00124513-00124881 cover-up maybe mate what that thing that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00150-00124882-00127309 you have been waiting 20 years for
9SdYGjxGRSu-00151-00127310-00129482 here we go l o h d huh what is it that's
9SdYGjxGRSu-00152-00129483-00130046 long hidden what you kidding me
9SdYGjxGRSu-00153-00130047-00130235 no offence might be your ancestor was a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00154-00130236-00130427 right [__] shut up
9SdYGjxGRSu-00155-00130428-00131252 it's an anagram Golden Hind the Golden
9SdYGjxGRSu-00156-00131253-00131309 Hind
9SdYGjxGRSu-00157-00131310-00131793 Drake shape yes it's a clue it's gotta
9SdYGjxGRSu-00158-00131794-00132050 be something hidden in this room all
9SdYGjxGRSu-00159-00132051-00132904 right spread out see what you can find
9SdYGjxGRSu-00160-00132905-00133244 the Golden Hind could it be a model
9SdYGjxGRSu-00161-00133245-00133559 maybe a painting what makes you think
9SdYGjxGRSu-00162-00133560-00134558 it's even here it's got to be here there
9SdYGjxGRSu-00163-00134559-00134960 it is I found it way up there the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00166-00144638-00146256 nice one
9SdYGjxGRSu-00168-00165927-00166472 okay all the headshots your analyst
9SdYGjxGRSu-00169-00166473-00166758 cutter where the hell are we mr. Northup
9SdYGjxGRSu-00172-00181997-00183881 [Music]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00173-00183882-00184119 well you better take on mine too cuz now
9SdYGjxGRSu-00174-00184120-00184646 I gotta catch the guy there Cheers
9SdYGjxGRSu-00175-00184647-00184889 to a job well done
9SdYGjxGRSu-00176-00184890-00185220 yeah are you going to join us darling
9SdYGjxGRSu-00177-00185221-00185862 yeah yeah well the map proves it Drake
9SdYGjxGRSu-00178-00185863-00186006 didn't screw around in the East Indies
9SdYGjxGRSu-00179-00186007-00186174 for six months he sailed straight
9SdYGjxGRSu-00180-00186175-00186411 through and headed to Arabia alright but
9SdYGjxGRSu-00181-00186412-00186575 here's where it gets interesting you see
9SdYGjxGRSu-00182-00186576-00186875 this mark this is John Dee's signature
9SdYGjxGRSu-00183-00186876-00187032 the hell's John Dee
9SdYGjxGRSu-00184-00187033-00187226 John Dean wanna Queen Elizabeth's
9SdYGjxGRSu-00185-00187227-00187427 closest advisors everybody knows that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00186-00187428-00187616 yeah yeah he was a great mathematician a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00187-00187617-00187829 navigator hey way ahead of his time he's
9SdYGjxGRSu-00188-00187830-00187962 probably the one who invented that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00189-00187963-00188157 seriously into the occult I mean a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00190-00188158-00188397 really creepy don't see he signed all
9SdYGjxGRSu-00191-00188398-00188528 his letters to the Queen with this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00192-00188529-00188709 symbol meaning he was her eyes the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00193-00188710-00188847 original double-oh-seven you see look
9SdYGjxGRSu-00194-00188848-00189053 double us and that really that relevant
9SdYGjxGRSu-00195-00189054-00189360 so it was John Dee who sent Drake to
9SdYGjxGRSu-00196-00189361-00189575 Arabia yeah it looks that way do you
9SdYGjxGRSu-00197-00189576-00189878 know Elizabeth and Washington great but
9SdYGjxGRSu-00198-00189879-00190119 what for well that's the million-dollar
9SdYGjxGRSu-00199-00190120-00190344 question isn't it and this is where TE
9SdYGjxGRSu-00200-00190345-00190553 Lawrence comes in see before Lawrence
9SdYGjxGRSu-00201-00190554-00190862 became Lawrence of Arabia great film he
9SdYGjxGRSu-00202-00190863-00191235 was an archaeologist and even when he
9SdYGjxGRSu-00203-00191236-00191375 was just a kid he was obsessed with
9SdYGjxGRSu-00204-00191376-00191516 history everything to do with Knights
9SdYGjxGRSu-00205-00191517-00191741 and Crusades they traveled all over
9SdYGjxGRSu-00206-00191742-00191937 documenting every Crusader site he could
9SdYGjxGRSu-00207-00191938-00192137 find it's all in here all right you lost
9SdYGjxGRSu-00208-00192138-00192302 me completely kid what the hell is this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00209-00192303-00192536 got to do with Drake I'm getting to that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00210-00192537-00192798 see after the war Lord said that if he
9SdYGjxGRSu-00211-00192799-00192987 were ever to go back to Arabia it would
9SdYGjxGRSu-00212-00192988-00193125 be to search for this place he called
9SdYGjxGRSu-00213-00193126-00193407 the Atlantis of the sands now the legend
9SdYGjxGRSu-00214-00193408-00193587 crops up over and over again under
9SdYGjxGRSu-00215-00193588-00193814 different names who bar a rom of the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00216-00193815-00194078 pillars the city of brass but the story
9SdYGjxGRSu-00217-00194079-00194496 is always the same no city of
9SdYGjxGRSu-00218-00194497-00194781 immeasurable wealth destroyed by God for
9SdYGjxGRSu-00219-00194782-00195050 its arrogance swallowed forever in the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00220-00195051-00195340 sands of the ruble kiley desert right
9SdYGjxGRSu-00221-00195341-00195536 here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00222-00195537-00195797 I like the immeasurable wealth part
9SdYGjxGRSu-00223-00195798-00195944 anyway and you think this is what
9SdYGjxGRSu-00224-00195945-00196196 Elizabeth Andy sent drink after oh yeah
9SdYGjxGRSu-00225-00196197-00196421 but more importantly it's what Marlowe
9SdYGjxGRSu-00226-00196422-00196724 is after so wait if Drake was on a
9SdYGjxGRSu-00227-00196725-00196886 mission from the Queen to find this
9SdYGjxGRSu-00228-00196887-00197132 place why all the secrecy I mean it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00229-00197133-00197264 looks like he went to a lot of trouble
9SdYGjxGRSu-00230-00197265-00197546 to hide whatever he found even from Her
9SdYGjxGRSu-00231-00197547-00197978 Majesty I don't know oh I'm sorry what
9SdYGjxGRSu-00232-00197979-00198005 was that
9SdYGjxGRSu-00233-00198006-00198194 no hang on a second because if you
9SdYGjxGRSu-00234-00198195-00198359 recall the last time we went halfway
9SdYGjxGRSu-00235-00198360-00198515 around the world searching for a lost
9SdYGjxGRSu-00236-00198516-00198671 city things got more than a little dicey
9SdYGjxGRSu-00237-00198672-00198824 yeah but this time we have the upper
9SdYGjxGRSu-00238-00198825-00198869 hand
9SdYGjxGRSu-00239-00198870-00199160 look Drake only had half the clues
9SdYGjxGRSu-00240-00199161-00199537 lawrence only in half we have both and
9SdYGjxGRSu-00241-00199538-00199964 Marlowe has nothing small problem the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00242-00199965-00200360 rouble Kylie desert 600 miles across the
9SdYGjxGRSu-00243-00200361-00200537 bedouins go around the damn thing and
9SdYGjxGRSu-00244-00200538-00200654 even if we knew where it was
9SdYGjxGRSu-00245-00200655-00200954 which we don't we would die trying to
9SdYGjxGRSu-00246-00200955-00201164 find hold on you see these symbols here
9SdYGjxGRSu-00247-00201165-00201610 yeah looks like so benzene script right
9SdYGjxGRSu-00248-00201611-00201848 look the Crusaders were searching for
9SdYGjxGRSu-00249-00201849-00202048 the same lost city a thousand years ago
9SdYGjxGRSu-00250-00202049-00202286 but out of all the sites lawrence
9SdYGjxGRSu-00251-00202287-00202586 documented only two are marked with
9SdYGjxGRSu-00252-00202587-00203060 these symbols one in Syria the other in
9SdYGjxGRSu-00253-00203061-00203351 France oh no you two are going to Syria
9SdYGjxGRSu-00254-00203352-00203471 we're heading to France
9SdYGjxGRSu-00255-00203472-00203663 look we track down these clues we find
9SdYGjxGRSu-00256-00203664-00203891 Lawrence's lost city I'm sure of it on
9SdYGjxGRSu-00257-00203892-00204119 them on how are we gonna get across 600
9SdYGjxGRSu-00258-00204120-00204425 models of impossible wasteland it's in
9SdYGjxGRSu-00259-00204426-00204689 the middle of the desert so technically
9SdYGjxGRSu-00260-00204690-00205103 be about 300 miles okay I don't know
9SdYGjxGRSu-00261-00205104-00205211 we'll figure it out
9SdYGjxGRSu-00262-00205212-00205366 we burned that bridge when we get to it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00263-00205367-00205996 eh exactly what do you say what the hell
9SdYGjxGRSu-00264-00205996-00206502 let's do it
9SdYGjxGRSu-00265-00206503-00207669 [Music]
9SdYGjxGRSu-00266-00207671-00208328 into the line I guess don't
9TydypzDedM-00000-00000080-00000340 alright so hello and welcome back to
9TydypzDedM-00001-00000341-00000526 another episode of Final Fantasy 6
9TydypzDedM-00002-00000527-00000844 blindfolded LLG I mean brave new world
9TydypzDedM-00003-00000846-00001166 blindfolded game I it's been a while
9TydypzDedM-00004-00001167-00001366 since I last played I've had all sorts
9TydypzDedM-00005-00001367-00001570 of stuff coming around so hopefully I
9TydypzDedM-00006-00001571-00002017 haven't I probably lost a little bit of
9TydypzDedM-00007-00002018-00002432 my ability so how I end up playing bad
9TydypzDedM-00008-00002433-00002824 lately this segment that's why anyway I
9TydypzDedM-00009-00002825-00003160 gonna shove the Zephyr cape on gal the
9TydypzDedM-00010-00003161-00003329 speed the stamina the evasion they're
9TydypzDedM-00011-00003329-00003635 all gonna come in handy and I've got a
9TydypzDedM-00012-00003636-00003763 better candidate for the power glove
9TydypzDedM-00013-00003764-00004154 this time in the form of Edgar who will
9TydypzDedM-00014-00004155-00004447 be using his powerful water trident on
9TydypzDedM-00015-00004448-00004685 the cranes who are weak to water so I
9TydypzDedM-00016-00004686-00005293 mean duh I guess and lock she'll be
9TydypzDedM-00017-00005294-00005545 taking the reflect ring so basically in
9TydypzDedM-00018-00005546-00005792 theory at least lock should be protected
9TydypzDedM-00019-00005793-00005995 from the magic by the reflector ring
9TydypzDedM-00020-00005996-00006256 gaucha be protected from their magic by
9TydypzDedM-00021-00006257-00006692 the eye but by the fact that he'll be
9TydypzDedM-00022-00006693-00006931 using brawler rage with Lydia and making
9TydypzDedM-00023-00006933-00007081 it vulnerable to lightning i'm not sure
9TydypzDedM-00024-00007083-00007283 why the brawler rage is invulnerable to
9TydypzDedM-00025-00007284-00007466 lightning but it does make him
9TydypzDedM-00026-00007467-00007592 invulnerable to lightning they already
9TydypzDedM-00027-00007593-00007792 house fire thanks to the tiger mask so
9TydypzDedM-00028-00007793-00007942 he should be pretty good to go and he's
9TydypzDedM-00029-00007943-00008180 even got float to prevent the magnitude
9TydypzDedM-00030-00008181-00008333 spell from working the other guys are
9TydypzDedM-00031-00008334-00008552 just gonna have to tank it and Edgar in
9TydypzDedM-00032-00008553-00008764 theory should be jumping over half the
9TydypzDedM-00033-00008765-00009134 stuff said sir will probably just die
9TydypzDedM-00034-00009135-00009578 but man you win some you lose some um so
9TydypzDedM-00035-00009579-00009785 anything else I wanted to do I don't
9TydypzDedM-00036-00009786-00009992 think so i think that oh yeah yeah i
9TydypzDedM-00037-00009993-00010178 moved go to the back already that stuff
9TydypzDedM-00038-00010179-00010334 he doesn't die die to the dogs in the
9TydypzDedM-00039-00010335-00010481 way up i want to preserve his float
9TydypzDedM-00040-00010482-00010802 status because his vote status will come
9TydypzDedM-00041-00010803-00010988 in handy to avoid the magnitude like I
9TydypzDedM-00042-00010989-00011335 already said and the dogs and kill and
9TydypzDedM-00043-00011336-00011462 two hits in the front which is
9TydypzDedM-00044-00011463-00011687 reasonably likely to pierce is 84
9TydypzDedM-00045-00011688-00011971 evasion at least on at least it's likely
9TydypzDedM-00046-00011972-00012158 enough that I really don't want it to
9TydypzDedM-00047-00012159-00012367 happen because they both attacked twice
9TydypzDedM-00048-00012368-00012847 but I if he's in the back I've got him
9TydypzDedM-00049-00012848-00012961 all four times and that's just
9TydypzDedM-00050-00012962-00013199 ridiculous so gasps essentially getting
9TydypzDedM-00051-00013200-00013376 exciting all the hits from the dogs and
9TydypzDedM-00052-00013377-00013691 way up which should make this pretty
9TydypzDedM-00053-00013691-00014276 easy he really shouldn't be dying and so
9TydypzDedM-00054-00014277-00014435 the chaser is definitely the most more
9TydypzDedM-00055-00014436-00014579 worrisome battle on the way up but
9TydypzDedM-00056-00014580-00014762 hopefully I'll make it through those
9TydypzDedM-00057-00014763-00015461 battles just fine so let's save and here
9TydypzDedM-00058-00015462-00016301 we go for the real segment well let's go
9TydypzDedM-00059-00016302-00016480 then
9TydypzDedM-00060-00016481-00016700 how about right out the get-go that's
9TydypzDedM-00061-00016701-00017344 not good all right so who are you you
9TydypzDedM-00062-00017345-00018239 are gal for all a rage if I scroll all
9TydypzDedM-00063-00018240-00018428 the way left and then all the way up I
9TydypzDedM-00064-00018429-00018637 could all either hit the commando if
9TydypzDedM-00065-00018638-00018800 there's a commando there or I'll hit a
9TydypzDedM-00066-00018801-00019459 chaser if there's a chaser there I don't
9TydypzDedM-00067-00019460-00019762 want to jump you ok you're that kind of
9TydypzDedM-00068-00019763-00020062 chaser well I'll wipe your minions with
9TydypzDedM-00069-00020063-00020252 bio blaster for now it won't keep them
9TydypzDedM-00070-00020253-00020558 down but it will get them dead for the
9TydypzDedM-00071-00020559-00021331 moment eggs what lights everything doing
9TydypzDedM-00072-00021332-00021872 stuff
9TydypzDedM-00073-00021873-00022133 all that'll really do is just reset
9TydypzDedM-00074-00022134-00022630 their ATVs but now some of them at least
9TydypzDedM-00075-00022631-00022760 are dead that doesn't do enough damage
9TydypzDedM-00076-00022761-00023978 to kill all of them all the time what
9TydypzDedM-00077-00023979-00024492 menu are you in dang it
9TydypzDedM-00078-00024493-00025122 okay there we go now
9TydypzDedM-00079-00025123-00025631 there you go now target the chaser
9TydypzDedM-00080-00025632-00026725 okay i think the chase is dead or not
9TydypzDedM-00081-00026726-00027622 oh gosh didn't know used gigavolts
9TydypzDedM-00082-00027623-00028482 that's not good hopefully gab didn't die
9TydypzDedM-00083-00028483-00028714 the most important thing is that Gauss
9TydypzDedM-00084-00028714-00029125 not dead the chasers dead now I can
9TydypzDedM-00085-00029126-00029656 revive egg gar I can just make it to the
9TydypzDedM-00086-00029657-00030030 end of the fight wait
9TydypzDedM-00087-00030031-00030852 ok it's like what's going on
9TydypzDedM-00088-00030854-00031123 was that gigavolts or did just not kill
9TydypzDedM-00089-00031124-00031383 anyone hurt yeah i heard the rock on my
9TydypzDedM-00090-00031385-00031570 side so i must have confused my home
9TydypzDedM-00091-00031570-00032352 side didn't see this one coming this is
9TydypzDedM-00092-00032354-00032539 a good chance cow hit himself because i
9TydypzDedM-00093-00032539-00032737 didn't hear any rolling of that rock or
9TydypzDedM-00094-00032738-00032980 anything which mean get and scowl
9TydypzDedM-00095-00032981-00034051 probably died which is bummer dang &
9TydypzDedM-00096-00034052-00034243 Eggar why'd you have to know Lester
9TydypzDedM-00097-00034244-00034977 everybody lux I'm confused but okay
9TydypzDedM-00098-00034978-00035404 Gav's not dead yet that's good it's
9TydypzDedM-00099-00035405-00035716 possible he missed himself did I care
9TydypzDedM-00100-00035717-00036019 just seriously I have maybe I'm just on
9TydypzDedM-00101-00036020-00036229 the noise blaster and using it on them I
9TydypzDedM-00102-00036230-00036901 don't know I'll they're all dead so
9TydypzDedM-00103-00036902-00037096 hopefully that didn't go too badly I'm
9TydypzDedM-00104-00037097-00038251 like two steps from the start come on
9TydypzDedM-00105-00038252-00038467 alright let's check if anyone needs
9TydypzDedM-00106-00038468-00039031 Phoenix downing yep that's why Phoenix
9TydypzDedM-00107-00039032-00039487 down I managed to preserve it this far
9TydypzDedM-00108-00039488-00040261 at least
9TydypzDedM-00109-00040262-00040496 it's okay the Phoenix Sam won't really
9TydypzDedM-00110-00040497-00040727 help the cranes fight I'm just kind of
9TydypzDedM-00111-00040728-00041357 going blitzkrieg on that anyway well I
9TydypzDedM-00112-00041358-00041555 made it all the way down there it's
9TydypzDedM-00113-00041556-00041702 possible to get battles in like three
9TydypzDedM-00114-00041703-00042685 steps that's no guarantee
9TydypzDedM-00115-00042686-00043479 right
9TydypzDedM-00116-00043480-00043801 okay this is gay oh it's only to be
9TydypzDedM-00117-00043802-00043957 expected that guy would come up before I
9TydypzDedM-00118-00043958-00044790 garbutt
9TydypzDedM-00119-00044791-00045282 vaio blaster I'm pretty sure this is a
9TydypzDedM-00120-00045283-00045569 battle with the commander and the dogs
9TydypzDedM-00121-00045570-00045798 lots of attacks went my way and got
9TydypzDedM-00122-00045799-00046176 blocked so feeling pretty hopeful about
9TydypzDedM-00123-00046177-00046932 that are they all dead that would be
9TydypzDedM-00124-00046933-00047447 much nicer outcome than the first fight
9TydypzDedM-00125-00047448-00047798 provided lock didn't die or something
9TydypzDedM-00126-00047799-00048009 nope he didn't die because he needed
9TydypzDedM-00127-00048010-00048695 plenty of healing
9TydypzDedM-00128-00048696-00049177 alright hope I went far enough out to
9TydypzDedM-00129-00049178-00049487 turn back to the right I'll mashing a
9TydypzDedM-00130-00049488-00049852 just in case I nope dang that increases
9TydypzDedM-00131-00049853-00050183 my chance to battle slightly have
9TydypzDedM-00132-00050184-00051437 another battle at least
9TydypzDedM-00133-00051438-00051651 probably the worst battle here is the
9TydypzDedM-00134-00051652-00051813 one why do I fought the beginning with
9TydypzDedM-00135-00051814-00052407 the chaser and the onion nights i'm
9TydypzDedM-00136-00052408-00052578 pretty sure this is one of the chasers
9TydypzDedM-00137-00052579-00053202 that summons the other guys or not maybe
9TydypzDedM-00138-00053203-00055240 this is commander and dogs
9TydypzDedM-00139-00055241-00055774 well no healing is always a good battle
9TydypzDedM-00140-00055775-00056150 down to the bottom don't give me another
9TydypzDedM-00141-00056151-00056392 fight please I already fought three
9TydypzDedM-00142-00056394-00056866 thanks all right there we go I'm in the
9TydypzDedM-00143-00056867-00057125 cutscene now hopefully this crane should
9TydypzDedM-00144-00057126-00057344 be a lot more relax fight should be a
9TydypzDedM-00145-00057345-00057809 lot more relaxed than in the LLG and by
9TydypzDedM-00146-00057810-00057977 that I mean either the brave new world
9TydypzDedM-00147-00057978-00058229 LLG or the blindfolded elegy pick your
9TydypzDedM-00148-00058229-00058952 poison on that one at first I thought
9TydypzDedM-00149-00058953-00059099 that wow this is actually kind of
9TydypzDedM-00150-00059100-00059276 challenging and I was like oh yeah that
9TydypzDedM-00151-00059277-00059569 hole golem thing that's kind of helpful
9TydypzDedM-00152-00059570-00060358 just a little bit
9TydypzDedM-00153-00060359-00060596 the first order of business is to figure
9TydypzDedM-00154-00060597-00061046 out who's who I guess old if its second
9TydypzDedM-00155-00061047-00061291 peel scroll down one spot so that if
9TydypzDedM-00156-00061292-00061499 it's slots I won't hear any noises and
9TydypzDedM-00157-00061500-00061652 if it's magic I'll be able to determine
9TydypzDedM-00158-00061653-00062197 that to find out if it's slaw corset sir
9TydypzDedM-00159-00062198-00062467 the other two I just need to press a and
9TydypzDedM-00160-00062469-00063190 then figure it out Matt menu no issues
9TydypzDedM-00161-00063191-00063487 hopefully they attack different people
9TydypzDedM-00162-00063488-00063974 or do that that works too that's not
9TydypzDedM-00163-00063975-00064586 particularly good but figured what were
9TydypzDedM-00164-00064587-00064897 the chances that it wouldn't be go
9TydypzDedM-00165-00064898-00065963 brawler
9TydypzDedM-00166-00065964-00067259 okay this is his magic menu locks anyway
9TydypzDedM-00167-00067260-00067693 okay this should be golem that'll take a
9TydypzDedM-00168-00067694-00067837 while to summon but hopefully it'll get
9TydypzDedM-00169-00067838-00068234 off before they get another turn what
9TydypzDedM-00170-00068235-00068911 what what am i doing with Ted guy
9TydypzDedM-00171-00068912-00069130 or was that sets or somehow yeah that
9TydypzDedM-00172-00069131-00069649 was set sir I couldn't hear the noise
9TydypzDedM-00173-00069650-00069907 properly because something what happened
9TydypzDedM-00174-00069908-00070234 at the same time Oh got another turn
9TydypzDedM-00175-00070235-00070498 because I was slow the hick cow which
9TydypzDedM-00176-00070499-00070674 knocked him into low if he survives
9TydypzDedM-00177-00070675-00071504 that'll actually be quite helpful
9TydypzDedM-00178-00071505-00071747 I think cows survived no that was locked
9TydypzDedM-00179-00071748-00072164 probably yeah there's a good chance cow
9TydypzDedM-00180-00072165-00073351 died which isn't good
9TydypzDedM-00181-00073352-00073559 at least I've got sisters slots this
9TydypzDedM-00182-00073560-00073723 time which I didn't have in any my chest
9TydypzDedM-00183-00073724-00073861 friends because he always meant to die
9TydypzDedM-00184-00073862-00074084 so hopefully that'll be enough to push
9TydypzDedM-00185-00074085-00074976 the envelope even with Gao dead so quick
9TydypzDedM-00186-00074977-00075221 gotta love that Gollum although block
9TydypzDedM-00187-00075222-00075531 might have just blocked it or something
9TydypzDedM-00188-00075532-00075931 jump reach for the sky zeg are you can
9TydypzDedM-00189-00075932-00076691 do it
9TydypzDedM-00190-00076692-00077736 Oh
9TydypzDedM-00191-00077737-00078336 Oh what now is alive Yahoo well okay
9TydypzDedM-00192-00078337-00078507 that kind of shoes it and I think I
9TydypzDedM-00193-00078508-00078743 think I've got this at this point
9TydypzDedM-00194-00078744-00079118 because gals got safe and she'll he's a
9TydypzDedM-00195-00079119-00079599 serious ridiculous tank Claire nullifies
9TydypzDedM-00196-00079600-00079884 one of their elements has the other safe
9TydypzDedM-00197-00079885-00080178 and she'll restores 40 HP every region
9TydypzDedM-00198-00080179-00080478 tick what have I done I've created a
9TydypzDedM-00199-00080479-00081264 monster I'm just gonna hold a these guys
9TydypzDedM-00200-00081265-00082860 are done
9TydypzDedM-00201-00082861-00083155 oh no fire spell
9TydypzDedM-00202-00083156-00083444 and in my LG that would dependence to
9TydypzDedM-00203-00083445-00084146 death how did I just use an attack with
9TydypzDedM-00204-00084147-00084338 the airship when I'm standing on the
9TydypzDedM-00205-00084339-00084610 airship it doesn't work that way guys
9TydypzDedM-00206-00084611-00085250 simply doesn't work that way yes so much
9TydypzDedM-00207-00085251-00086151 better than the blindfolded LLG
9TydypzDedM-00208-00086152-00086401 in fact I think that went down even
9TydypzDedM-00209-00086402-00086569 easier than my test runs cuz Setzer
9TydypzDedM-00210-00086570-00087147 didn't get murdered in the first turn
9TydypzDedM-00211-00087148-00087315 now I just got to focus on getting
9TydypzDedM-00212-00087316-00087525 through this part yes for world's kind
9TydypzDedM-00213-00087526-00087756 of nasty because the first reason is why
9TydypzDedM-00214-00087757-00088118 I because I can't menu trick but the
9TydypzDedM-00215-00088119-00088526 second reason is because I this not much
9TydypzDedM-00216-00088527-00088688 indicators of anything that's going on
9TydypzDedM-00217-00088689-00089055 like I can't hear anything except the
9TydypzDedM-00218-00089056-00089588 music just like be in there the only
9TydypzDedM-00219-00089589-00089768 good thing I can save is that unlike the
9TydypzDedM-00220-00089769-00090338 I ll g portion of this I I'm not forced
9TydypzDedM-00221-00090339-00090636 into Auto dash which means I can take it
9TydypzDedM-00222-00090637-00091106 and then the LG the auto dash prevented
9TydypzDedM-00223-00091107-00091457 me from taking one step very easily it
9TydypzDedM-00224-00091458-00091619 actually made it really challenging to
9TydypzDedM-00225-00091620-00091955 take only one step at a time
9TydypzDedM-00226-00091956-00092150 I had the timing work tip for the music
9TydypzDedM-00227-00092151-00092336 before but I forgot it so I'm just going
9TydypzDedM-00228-00092337-00092822 to mash a for a while here as you can
9TydypzDedM-00229-00092823-00093155 see my brute will be kind of really
9TydypzDedM-00230-00093156-00093503 strange because it's the route I
9TydypzDedM-00231-00093504-00093707 memorized for the algae to minimize the
9TydypzDedM-00232-00093708-00093887 number of times that I had to take one
9TydypzDedM-00233-00093888-00094782 step at a time
9TydypzDedM-00234-00094783-00095014 this far probably won't be all that
9TydypzDedM-00235-00095015-00096007 interesting to be honest
9TydypzDedM-00236-00096008-00096248 it'll probably just be a lot of waiting
9TydypzDedM-00237-00096249-00096491 for me to realize them outside of a
9TydypzDedM-00238-00096492-00096640 cutscene
9TydypzDedM-00239-00096641-00096861 which I probably am for this one at this
9TydypzDedM-00240-00096862-00097165 point not having the menu trick around
9TydypzDedM-00241-00097166-00098543 is so irritating
9TydypzDedM-00242-00098544-00099543 right one set down on separate
9TydypzDedM-00243-00099544-00099711 all rights now I should be outside of
9TydypzDedM-00244-00099712-00100560 Madhu ins a bedroom so run into the tree
9TydypzDedM-00245-00100561-00102006 run to the other tree fence other fence
9TydypzDedM-00246-00102007-00102861 gate Bill Gates hello bill and at the
9TydypzDedM-00247-00102863-00103192 gate hopefully
9TydypzDedM-00248-00103193-00103397 there's no npcs running around right now
9TydypzDedM-00249-00103398-00104109 weather will be later
9TydypzDedM-00250-00104110-00104299 that's one of those spots where I
9TydypzDedM-00251-00104300-00104457 probably could have just taken like one
9TydypzDedM-00252-00104458-00104616 or two steps to the right and then just
9TydypzDedM-00253-00104617-00104878 walked out the gate but I've already
9TydypzDedM-00254-00104879-00105091 memorized a route for my LG so I'm not
9TydypzDedM-00255-00105092-00106172 gonna do that
9TydypzDedM-00256-00106173-00106626 alright take one step left all the way
9TydypzDedM-00257-00106627-00107118 up
9TydypzDedM-00258-00107119-00107677 take one step left all the way up now I
9TydypzDedM-00259-00107678-00108390 should be next to this corpse here so I
9TydypzDedM-00260-00108391-00108834 said corpse and last time too
9TydypzDedM-00261-00108835-00109057 even though it's clearly not a corpse
9TydypzDedM-00262-00109058-00109497 cuz she's not all that dead or is she
9TydypzDedM-00263-00109498-00110650 done time da
9TydypzDedM-00264-00110651-00111234 I suspect nobody's listening to me say
9TydypzDedM-00265-00111235-00111553 this so hello anyone who's listening to
9TydypzDedM-00266-00111554-00112042 me say this you're someone coming down
9TydypzDedM-00267-00112043-00112342 the stairs hopefully they're not here to
9TydypzDedM-00268-00112343-00113014 talk to me
9TydypzDedM-00269-00113015-00113759 so just mashing a
9TydypzDedM-00270-00113760-00114048 the little cave right here the one that
9TydypzDedM-00271-00114049-00114216 I'm probably already in and just putting
9TydypzDedM-00272-00114217-00114503 safety on at this point is the
9TydypzDedM-00273-00114504-00114723 practically the only nice place in this
9TydypzDedM-00274-00114724-00115038 area because everything works out quite
9TydypzDedM-00275-00115039-00115566 nicely
9TydypzDedM-00276-00115567-00115736 alright that should be good enough do
9TydypzDedM-00277-00115738-00116247 you think wasn't asking for your opinion
9TydypzDedM-00278-00116248-00116658 but now I am
9TydypzDedM-00279-00116658-00116850 I'm mostly just saying thanks to i'm
9TydypzDedM-00280-00116851-00117499 bored really
9TydypzDedM-00281-00117500-00117715 this doesn't even have that weird
9TydypzDedM-00282-00117716-00117942 intensity that does in the LG because
9TydypzDedM-00283-00117943-00118219 I'm not all that worried about redoing
9TydypzDedM-00284-00118220-00118606 the cranes battle I have to all right so
9TydypzDedM-00285-00118607-00118755 it should be at the foot of the bed
9TydypzDedM-00286-00118756-00118969 conveniently enough I can talk to her at
9TydypzDedM-00287-00118970-00119098 the foot of the bed instead of having to
9TydypzDedM-00288-00119099-00119346 go all the way
9TydypzDedM-00289-00119347-00121453 so now we get another cutscene
9TydypzDedM-00290-00121454-00121697 after this module will wake up in bed
9TydypzDedM-00291-00121698-00121964 but which is slightly different from the
9TydypzDedM-00292-00121965-00122150 spot where i started in his room the
9TydypzDedM-00293-00122151-00122461 first time but as long as I just hold
9TydypzDedM-00294-00122463-00122606 right at the start I get back to the
9TydypzDedM-00295-00122607-00122847 exact same place so
9TydypzDedM-00296-00122848-00123191 yay repetition and I'm practically going
9TydypzDedM-00297-00123192-00123554 to the same place 23 times I've got to
9TydypzDedM-00298-00123555-00123933 worm my way up to that little space up
9TydypzDedM-00299-00123933-00124182 at the top Batcave where everything
9TydypzDedM-00300-00124183-00124709 happens is where everything goes down
9TydypzDedM-00301-00124710-00125499 I probably got a wolf I've already
9TydypzDedM-00302-00125500-00125846 probably woken up in bed already but
9TydypzDedM-00303-00125847-00127308 just got to be careful cuz
9TydypzDedM-00304-00127308-00127653 one thing I've noticed is that if I fail
9TydypzDedM-00305-00127654-00127910 that I'm probably in module ins room so
9TydypzDedM-00306-00127911-00128274 I'll try to probably recover from there
9TydypzDedM-00307-00128275-00128585 but no guarantees on that the likelihood
9TydypzDedM-00308-00128586-00129851 is actually pretty small metal recovered
9TydypzDedM-00309-00129852-00130732 all right so I'm gonna go for it now
9TydypzDedM-00310-00130733-00131176 reach the wall one step down one step
9TydypzDedM-00311-00131177-00131305 right believe it or not that was the
9TydypzDedM-00312-00131306-00131527 most dangerous part of this whole spot
9TydypzDedM-00313-00131528-00131770 on the LG because there's a chance that
9TydypzDedM-00314-00131771-00132085 I would fail to would accidentally take
9TydypzDedM-00315-00132086-00132808 two steps folk times in a row the good
9TydypzDedM-00316-00132809-00133093 old hit the tree
9TydypzDedM-00317-00133094-00133903 hit the other tree
9TydypzDedM-00318-00133904-00134119 the analogy I used is that this is like
9TydypzDedM-00319-00134120-00134281 one of those ice slide you places in
9TydypzDedM-00320-00134282-00134470 Pokemon that always shows up where you
9TydypzDedM-00321-00134471-00134683 got it only going a straight line across
9TydypzDedM-00322-00134684-00134878 the ice and you've only stop with those
9TydypzDedM-00323-00134879-00135160 little patches it's kind of how it works
9TydypzDedM-00324-00135161-00135932 here or where you hit a wall
9TydypzDedM-00325-00135933-00136161 should be at the door but now I've got
9TydypzDedM-00326-00136162-00136433 to put safety on this too because his
9TydypzDedM-00327-00136434-00136928 NPCs all over the place shouldn't need
9TydypzDedM-00328-00136929-00137136 that much safety there though
9TydypzDedM-00329-00137137-00137325 but here's where they could decide to
9TydypzDedM-00330-00137326-00137764 royally mess me up
9TydypzDedM-00331-00137765-00138450 I should have reached the tree by now
9TydypzDedM-00332-00138451-00139199 run back up into the bush
9TydypzDedM-00333-00139200-00139569 all right theoretically one of the NPC's
9TydypzDedM-00334-00139570-00139754 who get in my way when I try to say take
9TydypzDedM-00335-00139755-00139979 a step left here so I'm going to take
9TydypzDedM-00336-00139980-00140187 I'm going to try this same sequence of
9TydypzDedM-00337-00140188-00140574 events four times and theoretically two
9TydypzDedM-00338-00140575-00141012 of these times it should work one step
9TydypzDedM-00339-00141013-00141771 left all the way up
9TydypzDedM-00340-00141772-00142952 one step left all the way up
9TydypzDedM-00341-00142953-00143302 Oh
9TydypzDedM-00342-00143303-00143615 in all likelihood all for the last two
9TydypzDedM-00343-00143616-00144001 times I just ran into a cliff pace but
9TydypzDedM-00344-00144002-00144239 all right now I take one step right
9TydypzDedM-00345-00144240-00144656 again to line myself up with Yura hello
9TydypzDedM-00346-00144657-00145520 nothing's wrong
9TydypzDedM-00347-00145521-00146008 alright so here here's the only part
9TydypzDedM-00348-00146009-00146211 where I'll do a root change for my LG
9TydypzDedM-00349-00146212-00146511 because I know for a fact that it's just
9TydypzDedM-00350-00146512-00146790 one step to the left there and that
9TydypzDedM-00351-00146791-00146995 makes it a whole lot simpler and makes a
9TydypzDedM-00352-00146996-00147291 whole lot more sense than the left down
9TydypzDedM-00353-00147292-00147714 right down left up and I would have had
9TydypzDedM-00354-00147715-00148101 to do otherwise now hopefully the music
9TydypzDedM-00355-00148102-00148413 should be fading out soon if I could use
9TydypzDedM-00356-00148414-00148545 the menu here this whole this whole
9TydypzDedM-00357-00148546-00148819 segment would be so much easier because
9TydypzDedM-00358-00148820-00149052 i have an indicator very often each time
9TydypzDedM-00359-00149053-00149754 I go into a cutscene of where I am there
9TydypzDedM-00360-00149755-00150157 we go that part was very very
9TydypzDedM-00361-00150158-00150474 nerve-wracking in the LG it's it's even
9TydypzDedM-00362-00150475-00150832 nerve-racking here but so much more so
9TydypzDedM-00363-00150833-00151494 before because
9TydypzDedM-00364-00151495-00151770 when you go that long without having any
9TydypzDedM-00365-00151771-00152623 indicator at all of what you're doing
9TydypzDedM-00366-00152624-00152887 usually it looks like i should have no
9TydypzDedM-00367-00152888-00153271 idea what's going on maybe but that's
9TydypzDedM-00368-00153272-00153504 one case where I really do have no idea
9TydypzDedM-00369-00153505-00153634 what's going on I could have made a
9TydypzDedM-00370-00153635-00153946 mistake anywhere down there and never
9TydypzDedM-00371-00153947-00155238 would have figured it out probably
9TydypzDedM-00372-00155239-00155652 so hopefully I should be in the cave
9TydypzDedM-00373-00155653-00156162 already if I'm a chemist I can afford
9TydypzDedM-00374-00156163-00156333 not to put much safety on this one
9TydypzDedM-00375-00156334-00156834 because if I did mess up I'll get an
9TydypzDedM-00376-00156835-00157047 indicator very quickly and it won't make
9TydypzDedM-00377-00157048-00158116 it won't throw me off
9TydypzDedM-00378-00158117-00158587 yeah it's probably the case that'll be
9TydypzDedM-00379-00158588-00158957 treated to imperial troops marching any
9TydypzDedM-00380-00158958-00159440 second now like I was right on cue here
9TydypzDedM-00381-00159441-00159692 we go don't have to press the button for
9TydypzDedM-00382-00159693-00160202 long here pretty much just people go
9TydypzDedM-00383-00160203-00160670 into places and that's the end of it
9TydypzDedM-00384-00160671-00161036 from there I had the timing for this
9TydypzDedM-00385-00161037-00161228 worked out before as well with the music
9TydypzDedM-00386-00161229-00162073 but it's not worked out right now so
9TydypzDedM-00387-00162074-00162380 alright so let's talk to this chump and
9TydypzDedM-00388-00162381-00162578 now I have to press any for another 10
9TydypzDedM-00389-00162579-00162860 years this is the last time though this
9TydypzDedM-00390-00162861-00163079 is the last cutscene here that I have to
9TydypzDedM-00391-00163080-00163778 worry about the next cutscene i enter
9TydypzDedM-00392-00163779-00163934 i'll be essentially out of this horrible
9TydypzDedM-00393-00163935-00164449 s verville place
9TydypzDedM-00394-00164450-00164641 and from there i'm straight back on the
9TydypzDedM-00395-00164642-00165955 airship where I can open my eyes so all
9TydypzDedM-00396-00165956-00166240 right i'll call it there if i find i
9TydypzDedM-00397-00166241-00166459 didn't make it I'll just press the
9TydypzDedM-00398-00166460-00166900 button a few more times and because I
9TydypzDedM-00399-00166901-00167110 won't be triggering anything with the a
9TydypzDedM-00400-00167111-00167368 button so I won't end up running
9TydypzDedM-00401-00167369-00167512 anywhere i'll just stick in the same
9TydypzDedM-00402-00167513-00168358 spot 1 2 3 all the way to the right walk
9TydypzDedM-00403-00168359-00168907 into this tree oh and a left I hit
9TydypzDedM-00404-00168908-00169099 something over here just past the flower
9TydypzDedM-00405-00169100-00169540 bushes that I can see in my head even if
9TydypzDedM-00406-00169541-00169798 I can't see it on the screen run up into
9TydypzDedM-00407-00169799-00169975 this cliff face that shouldn't be a very
9TydypzDedM-00408-00169976-00170326 long walk run left I'm glad there isn't
9TydypzDedM-00409-00170327-00170473 a little notch here because it looks
9TydypzDedM-00410-00170474-00170611 like there's a little spot that I should
9TydypzDedM-00411-00170612-00170965 be running into but there isn't so I'm
9TydypzDedM-00412-00170966-00171325 grateful for that anyway one less thing
9TydypzDedM-00413-00171326-00171478 to remember although I suppose
9TydypzDedM-00414-00171479-00171664 considering if I even remembered enough
9TydypzDedM-00415-00171665-00171960 to say that I wouldn't be forgotten
9TydypzDedM-00416-00171961-00172138 especially when since I would have had
9TydypzDedM-00417-00172139-00172264 to remember there and I'm just
9TydypzDedM-00418-00172265-00172632 remembering here because I don't know
9TydypzDedM-00419-00172633-00172989 all the way to the right
9TydypzDedM-00420-00172990-00173325 this is another one of those weird ice
9TydypzDedM-00421-00173326-00173649 patches that I'm kind of using when I
9TydypzDedM-00422-00173650-00173841 could have probably just walked a couple
9TydypzDedM-00423-00173842-00174051 steps off but I wouldn't have known for
9TydypzDedM-00424-00174052-00174945 sure the exact number straight up from
9TydypzDedM-00425-00174946-00175401 here all right now I just kind of go in
9TydypzDedM-00426-00175402-00177581 a c-shape see you later
9TydypzDedM-00427-00177582-00178091 one step left all the way up music fades
9TydypzDedM-00428-00178092-00178265 out as soon as I walk into the next area
9TydypzDedM-00429-00178266-00179325 so
9TydypzDedM-00430-00179326-00179932 made it there we go
9TydypzDedM-00431-00179933-00180251 the winds
9TydypzDedM-00432-00180252-00180446 not sure what else I'm going to say with
9TydypzDedM-00433-00180447-00180770 that let's just cut off the sentence
9TydypzDedM-00434-00180771-00181493 here but anyway I'm out of here there's
9TydypzDedM-00435-00181494-00181637 pretty much no chance of failing the
9TydypzDedM-00436-00181638-00181817 rest of this segment all I've got to do
9TydypzDedM-00437-00181818-00182066 is mash a fly to the airship to a
9TydypzDedM-00438-00182067-00182261 suitable spot when I which I can see
9TydypzDedM-00439-00182262-00182606 perfectly well and then save my game my
9TydypzDedM-00440-00182607-00183056 curse is already on item so I'll know
9TydypzDedM-00441-00183057-00183599 exactly what I'm doing presumably can't
9TydypzDedM-00442-00183600-00185605 say that for sure
9TydypzDedM-00443-00185606-00185818 any second now with the savin get stall
9TydypzDedM-00444-00185819-00186791 you can get it over with already
9TydypzDedM-00445-00186792-00187141 oh wait was I supposed to walk somewhere
9TydypzDedM-00446-00187142-00187352 I'm sorry to think I was supposed to
9TydypzDedM-00447-00187353-00190198 walk somewhere
9TydypzDedM-00448-00190199-00190626 ok
9TydypzDedM-00449-00190627-00191403 anything going on here
9TydypzDedM-00450-00191404-00191736 there we go there's the stabbing I was
9TydypzDedM-00451-00191737-00193453 looking for rather listening for
9TydypzDedM-00452-00193454-00193748 you may have nurses mercilessly killed
9TydypzDedM-00453-00193749-00193970 an innocent person guests all but you
9TydypzDedM-00454-00193971-00194279 helped me figure out where I am so I'd
9TydypzDedM-00455-00194280-00195537 say your Karma's about even on that one
9TydypzDedM-00456-00195538-00197135 no personal bias there at all really
9TydypzDedM-00457-00197136-00197601 alright blindfold off and here's the
9TydypzDedM-00458-00197602-00197964 point where I kind of music starts up
9TydypzDedM-00459-00197965-00198707 and freedom for the magic tech facility
9TydypzDedM-00460-00198708-00199225 No
9TydypzDedM-00461-00199226-00199426 knowledge is boring knowledge is not
9TydypzDedM-00462-00199427-00199579 power knowledge is boring and I don't
9TydypzDedM-00463-00199580-00200823 want to hear it 8b button
9TydypzDedM-00464-00200824-00201115 end of that pigment I'm out of the
9TydypzDedM-00465-00201116-00201538 magitek facility see you next time
9WnsUB3IDKI-00000-00000039-00000158 cure
9WnsUB3IDKI-00001-00000159-00000351 i'm joe alice and my principal place of
9WnsUB3IDKI-00002-00000352-00000647 residence is in the richmond ward area
9WnsUB3IDKI-00003-00000648-00000854 i'm married with four daughters and have
9WnsUB3IDKI-00004-00000855-00001070 lived and worked in richmond for 20
9WnsUB3IDKI-00005-00001071-00001311 years before having children i worked in
9WnsUB3IDKI-00006-00001312-00001487 the banking industry
9WnsUB3IDKI-00007-00001488-00001710 having raised my children here i am well
9WnsUB3IDKI-00008-00001711-00001934 aware of the pressures and challenges
9WnsUB3IDKI-00009-00001935-00002175 facing those raising families and those
9WnsUB3IDKI-00010-00002176-00002447 on fixed incomes in our region
9WnsUB3IDKI-00011-00002448-00002671 many are finding it hard with the cost
9WnsUB3IDKI-00012-00002672-00002887 of living increasing and the financial
9WnsUB3IDKI-00013-00002888-00003166 squeeze is made worse by our high levels
9WnsUB3IDKI-00014-00003167-00003479 of debt and ever-increasing rates
9WnsUB3IDKI-00015-00003479-00003670 we need a caring and compassionate
9WnsUB3IDKI-00016-00003671-00003999 council that prioritizes reducing debt
9WnsUB3IDKI-00017-00004000-00004279 and keeping rates at a manageable level
9WnsUB3IDKI-00018-00004280-00004535 i am committed to working as a team with
9WnsUB3IDKI-00019-00004536-00004638 council
9WnsUB3IDKI-00020-00004639-00004735 staff
9WnsUB3IDKI-00021-00004736-00004927 and our community to find creative
9WnsUB3IDKI-00022-00004928-00005222 solutions to protect our environment
9WnsUB3IDKI-00023-00005223-00005486 uphold our cultural values in growing
9WnsUB3IDKI-00024-00005487-00005663 our region with prudent financial
9WnsUB3IDKI-00025-00005664-00005854 management
9WnsUB3IDKI-00026-00005855-00006095 and to advocate for the best possible
9WnsUB3IDKI-00027-00006096-00006327 outcome for ratepayers should we see the
9WnsUB3IDKI-00028-00006328-00006527 centralization of some of our core
9WnsUB3IDKI-00029-00006528-00006920 services thank you
9XluJ0FfqVE-00000-00000048-00000305 the Sanskrit word Chaitanya means
9XluJ0FfqVE-00001-00000306-00000563 consciousness or spirit or intelligence
9XluJ0FfqVE-00002-00000564-00000799 or sensation it is the pure
9XluJ0FfqVE-00003-00000800-00000979 consciousness or the cosmic intelligence
9XluJ0FfqVE-00004-00000980-00001214 the consciousness that knows itself and
9XluJ0FfqVE-00005-00001215-00001507 also knows others it also means energy
9XluJ0FfqVE-00006-00001508-00001873 or enthusiasm in the Rig Veda rvi v XL
9XluJ0FfqVE-00007-00001875-00002129 0.5 and Rashad as the dweller amongst
9XluJ0FfqVE-00008-00002130-00002306 men and rashanda's explained as
9XluJ0FfqVE-00009-00002307-00002533 Chaitanya or consciousness or prana or
9XluJ0FfqVE-00010-00002534-00002765 vitality because both dwell in men in
9XluJ0FfqVE-00011-00002766-00002981 the Upanishads it is explained that the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00012-00002982-00003175 Atman the self represents itself
9XluJ0FfqVE-00013-00003176-00003374 differently in the Sevenfold movement of
9XluJ0FfqVE-00014-00003375-00003542 prakruti according to the dominant
9XluJ0FfqVE-00015-00003543-00003706 principle of the consciousness in the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00016-00003707-00003970 individual being these seven folds of
9XluJ0FfqVE-00017-00003971-00004136 consciousness are one physical
9XluJ0FfqVE-00018-00004137-00004336 consciousness two vital consciousness
9XluJ0FfqVE-00019-00004337-00004570 three mental consciousness four supra
9XluJ0FfqVE-00020-00004571-00004733 intellectual consciousness five
9XluJ0FfqVE-00021-00004734-00004936 consciousness proper to the universal
9XluJ0FfqVE-00022-00004937-00005170 beatitude or blissful consciousness six
9XluJ0FfqVE-00023-00005171-00005356 consciousness proper to the infinite
9XluJ0FfqVE-00024-00005357-00005540 divine self-awareness and seven
9XluJ0FfqVE-00025-00005541-00005713 consciousness proper to the state of
9XluJ0FfqVE-00026-00005714-00005947 pure divine existence sri aurobindo
9XluJ0FfqVE-00027-00005948-00006184 calls the consciousness proper to the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00028-00006185-00006400 infinite self-awareness as the Chaitanya
9XluJ0FfqVE-00029-00006401-00006659 Purusha the essential nature of Brahman
9XluJ0FfqVE-00030-00006659-00006884 is revealed in deep sleep in yoga as
9XluJ0FfqVE-00031-00006884-00007084 Chaitanya pure consciousness the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00032-00007086-00007250 vedantists also speak about the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00033-00007251-00007484 consciousness or meio Paquita Chaitanya
9XluJ0FfqVE-00034-00007484-00007622 that is associated with the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00035-00007623-00007841 indescribable Maya which is responsible
9XluJ0FfqVE-00036-00007842-00007981 for the functions of creation
9XluJ0FfqVE-00037-00007983-00008204 preservation and dissolution of entire
9XluJ0FfqVE-00038-00008205-00008414 existence and about the consciousness or
9XluJ0FfqVE-00039-00008415-00008606 avidya Paquita chaitanya that is
9XluJ0FfqVE-00040-00008607-00008816 associated with a Vidya which causes the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00041-00008817-00009011 wrong identification of the Atman with
9XluJ0FfqVE-00042-00009012-00009251 the body etc after negating both Maya
9XluJ0FfqVE-00043-00009252-00009425 and a Vidya that is after all
9XluJ0FfqVE-00044-00009426-00009596 distinctions are obliterated what
9XluJ0FfqVE-00045-00009597-00009767 remains as pure consciousness or
9XluJ0FfqVE-00046-00009768-00009986 Chaitanya the form of an object that the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00047-00009987-00010154 mind assumes after coming into contact
9XluJ0FfqVE-00048-00010155-00010388 with that object or enveloping it is
9XluJ0FfqVE-00049-00010389-00010706 called Ricci the process of envelope is
9XluJ0FfqVE-00050-00010707-00011003 called vritti vyapti vyapti is pervasion
9XluJ0FfqVE-00051-00011004-00011174 in the pervasion by the mind of a
9XluJ0FfqVE-00052-00011175-00011369 certain location called the object as
9XluJ0FfqVE-00053-00011370-00011642 Ricci vyapti the awareness that the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00054-00011643-00011837 object is there illuminates the object
9XluJ0FfqVE-00055-00011838-00011984 due to the presence in this moving
9XluJ0FfqVE-00056-00011985-00012164 process called the mind and is called
9XluJ0FfqVE-00057-00012165-00012449 fallow vyapti it is only because of the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00058-00012450-00012629 consciousness attending on the mind that
9XluJ0FfqVE-00059-00012630-00012902 the object is perceived Vedanta says
9XluJ0FfqVE-00060-00012903-00013055 that the object cannot be wholly
9XluJ0FfqVE-00061-00013056-00013250 material and there is no qualitative
9XluJ0FfqVE-00062-00013251-00013438 difference between the object and
9XluJ0FfqVE-00063-00013440-00013636 which consciousness by coming into
9XluJ0FfqVE-00064-00013637-00013828 contact with the object knows that the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00065-00013829-00014021 object is there which fact implies that
9XluJ0FfqVE-00066-00014022-00014213 consciousness is inherent in the object
9XluJ0FfqVE-00067-00014213-00014483 this is the vishaya chaitanya or the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00068-00014484-00014680 object consciousness which does not mean
9XluJ0FfqVE-00069-00014681-00014852 consciousness of the object but the
9XluJ0FfqVE-00070-00014853-00015047 object which is a phase of consciousness
9XluJ0FfqVE-00071-00015047-00015544 which prevails everywhere
9XluJ0FfqVE-00072-00015544-00015897 topic references
9XluJ0FfqVE-00073-00015897-00016058 you
9XluJ0FfqVE-00074-00016059-00016265 you
9Yl6e2J2kty-00000-00000092-00000327 [Music]
9Yl6e2J2kty-00001-00000328-00000423 in this tutorial
9Yl6e2J2kty-00002-00000424-00000582 you will learn how to deploy an auto
9Yl6e2J2kty-00003-00000583-00000815 scaling hpc cluster on google cloud
9Yl6e2J2kty-00004-00000816-00001015 platform using terraform infrastructure
9Yl6e2J2kty-00005-00001016-00001127 as code
9Yl6e2J2kty-00006-00001128-00001362 to get started go to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00007-00001363-00001543 console.cloud.google.com
9Yl6e2J2kty-00008-00001544-00001710 navigate to the cloud shell using the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00009-00001711-00001871 cloud shell button in the top right of
9Yl6e2J2kty-00010-00001872-00002071 the console
9Yl6e2J2kty-00011-00002072-00002342 next clone the fluid slurm gcp terraform
9Yl6e2J2kty-00012-00002343-00002671 repository from fluid numerics on github
9Yl6e2J2kty-00013-00002672-00002879 this repository contains infrastructure
9Yl6e2J2kty-00014-00002880-00003126 as code modules for the auto scaling hpc
9Yl6e2J2kty-00015-00003127-00003335 cluster as well as examples to help you
9Yl6e2J2kty-00016-00003336-00003663 quickly get started
9Yl6e2J2kty-00017-00003664-00003847 navigate to the fluid slurm gcp
9Yl6e2J2kty-00018-00003847-00003975 terraform directory
9Yl6e2J2kty-00019-00003976-00004679 and then into examples centos cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00020-00004680-00004886 next you will concretize a few variables
9Yl6e2J2kty-00021-00004887-00005047 to customize your deployment
9Yl6e2J2kty-00022-00005048-00005431 open fluid.auto.tf vars in a text editor
9Yl6e2J2kty-00023-00005432-00005599 you can provide your cluster a name in
9Yl6e2J2kty-00024-00005600-00005806 the cluster name field set the primary
9Yl6e2J2kty-00025-00005807-00006070 project to your gcp project id set the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00026-00006071-00006311 primary zone to the gcp zone you want to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00027-00006312-00006470 deploy your cluster's controller and
9Yl6e2J2kty-00028-00006472-00006655 login node
9Yl6e2J2kty-00029-00006656-00006814 you can optionally set the controller
9Yl6e2J2kty-00030-00006815-00007031 disk size using the controller disk size
9Yl6e2J2kty-00031-00007031-00007663 gb variable
9Yl6e2J2kty-00032-00007664-00007855 next configure your first compute
9Yl6e2J2kty-00033-00007856-00008031 partition here we're just using one
9Yl6e2J2kty-00034-00008031-00008142 partition with five
9Yl6e2J2kty-00035-00008143-00008342 n1 standard eight instances and we'll
9Yl6e2J2kty-00036-00008343-00008895 deploy it in the us west1a zone
9Yl6e2J2kty-00037-00008896-00009071 next define a list of system
9Yl6e2J2kty-00038-00009072-00009214 administrators and users
9Yl6e2J2kty-00039-00009215-00009439 using user or group email addresses
9Yl6e2J2kty-00040-00009440-00009623 admins will be given im roles that allow
9Yl6e2J2kty-00041-00009624-00009806 them to go root on the cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00042-00009807-00010046 users will have non-root ssh access to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00043-00010047-00010127 the cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00044-00010128-00010367 last configure the slurm accounts giving
9Yl6e2J2kty-00045-00010368-00010510 each account a name
9Yl6e2J2kty-00046-00010511-00010727 a list of users and the partitions the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00047-00010728-00010919 users are allowed to submit jobs to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00048-00010920-00011071 keep in mind that all of these settings
9Yl6e2J2kty-00049-00011072-00011283 can be changed later in your cluster's
9Yl6e2J2kty-00050-00011284-00011414 lifespan
9Yl6e2J2kty-00051-00011415-00011727 save your changes to the file to deploy
9Yl6e2J2kty-00052-00011728-00011806 your cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00053-00011807-00012014 first run terraform init and terraform
9Yl6e2J2kty-00054-00012015-00012174 validate to verify that you have no
9Yl6e2J2kty-00055-00012175-00012631 syntax errors
9Yl6e2J2kty-00056-00012632-00012799 make a plan for your resources by
9Yl6e2J2kty-00057-00012800-00012943 running terraform plan
9Yl6e2J2kty-00058-00012944-00013166 and use the out flag to save the plan to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00059-00013168-00013535 a file called tf plan
9Yl6e2J2kty-00060-00013536-00013719 create your resources with terraform
9Yl6e2J2kty-00061-00013719-00013991 apply tf plan
9Yl6e2J2kty-00062-00013991-00014238 this step will enable the necessary apis
9Yl6e2J2kty-00063-00014240-00014391 create im policies
9Yl6e2J2kty-00064-00014391-00014527 and provision network and compute
9Yl6e2J2kty-00065-00014528-00015519 resources for your cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00066-00015519-00015719 when the solution is ready we can ssh
9Yl6e2J2kty-00067-00015719-00015927 into the cluster using open ssh from the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00068-00015928-00016030 cloud shell
9Yl6e2J2kty-00069-00016031-00016407 first create an ssh key using ssh keygen
9Yl6e2J2kty-00070-00016408-00016822 minus t rsa accept the default location
9Yl6e2J2kty-00071-00016823-00016991 and be sure to set a strong password to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00072-00016992-00017375 protect your private key
9Yl6e2J2kty-00073-00017376-00017615 next you need to add the public ssh key
9Yl6e2J2kty-00074-00017616-00017814 to your os login profile
9Yl6e2J2kty-00075-00017815-00018063 use the command gcloud compute os login
9Yl6e2J2kty-00076-00018064-00018167 ssh keys
9Yl6e2J2kty-00077-00018168-00018430 add and specify the path to your public
9Yl6e2J2kty-00078-00018431-00020407 rsa key in the key file parameter
9Yl6e2J2kty-00079-00020408-00020591 now you can log into the cluster's login
9Yl6e2J2kty-00080-00020592-00021083 node using the login node external ip
9Yl6e2J2kty-00081-00021084-00021727 address
9Yl6e2J2kty-00082-00021728-00021919 check to make sure that the home apps
9Yl6e2J2kty-00083-00021920-00022103 and etsy munch directories are mounted
9Yl6e2J2kty-00084-00022104-00022319 from the controller using df minus h
9Yl6e2J2kty-00085-00022320-00022430 check to make sure that your first
9Yl6e2J2kty-00086-00022431-00022630 compute partition is available by using
9Yl6e2J2kty-00087-00022631-00022663 s
9Yl6e2J2kty-00088-00022664-00022894 info you can verify your account has
9Yl6e2J2kty-00089-00022895-00023103 been added by running s account manager
9Yl6e2J2kty-00090-00023104-00023150 list
9Yl6e2J2kty-00091-00023151-00023478 user to test out your cluster
9Yl6e2J2kty-00092-00023479-00023671 use the s run command to run a simple
9Yl6e2J2kty-00093-00023672-00023919 job step use the n1 flag to indicate you
9Yl6e2J2kty-00094-00023920-00024071 have one task to run
9Yl6e2J2kty-00095-00024072-00024263 use the account flag to specify your
9Yl6e2J2kty-00096-00024264-00024494 slurm account and use the partition flag
9Yl6e2J2kty-00097-00024495-00024663 to specify the partition to submit the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00098-00024664-00024727 job to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00099-00024728-00024903 for this test we'll simply print the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00100-00024904-00025071 hostname which will print the hostname
9Yl6e2J2kty-00101-00025072-00025247 of the compute node the job runs on when
9Yl6e2J2kty-00102-00025248-00025399 you submit the job the compute node will
9Yl6e2J2kty-00103-00025400-00025591 be provisioned for you on google cloud
9Yl6e2J2kty-00104-00025592-00025767 platform this process can take one to
9Yl6e2J2kty-00105-00025768-00025831 two minutes
9Yl6e2J2kty-00106-00025832-00025999 once the node is up it will respond
9Yl6e2J2kty-00107-00026000-00026295 immediately to future job requests
9Yl6e2J2kty-00108-00026295-00026462 after a few minutes the compute node
9Yl6e2J2kty-00109-00026463-00026695 will automatically spin down
9Yl6e2J2kty-00110-00026695-00026846 when you are ready to tear down your
9Yl6e2J2kty-00111-00026847-00027095 cluster log out of the cluster and back
9Yl6e2J2kty-00112-00027095-00027327 into your cloud shell
9Yl6e2J2kty-00113-00027327-00027607 run terraform destroy to delete all the
9Yl6e2J2kty-00114-00027608-00029190 resources that were created
9Yl6e2J2kty-00115-00029191-00029400 you
9YJfICkL-Ny-00000-00000016-00000271 there is uh a second brain in your gut
9YJfICkL-Ny-00001-00000272-00000519 how you think how you feel everything is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00002-00000520-00000647 decided
9YJfICkL-Ny-00003-00000648-00000839 by what's happening in the gut such a
9YJfICkL-Ny-00004-00000840-00001070 powerful instrument if you do not know
9YJfICkL-Ny-00005-00001071-00001366 how to handle it it's a serious problem
9YJfICkL-Ny-00006-00001367-00002287 [Music]
9YJfICkL-Ny-00007-00002288-00002599 in the yogic culture
9YJfICkL-Ny-00008-00002600-00002895 generally it is said like this
9YJfICkL-Ny-00009-00002896-00003183 that you must always consume food
9YJfICkL-Ny-00010-00003184-00003359 which is grown
9YJfICkL-Ny-00011-00003360-00003511 in a land
9YJfICkL-Ny-00012-00003511-00003870 within the diameter or within the radius
9YJfICkL-Ny-00013-00003871-00003959 of
9YJfICkL-Ny-00014-00003960-00004183 how much a man can walk in a day from
9YJfICkL-Ny-00015-00004184-00004454 morning to evening if you walk
9YJfICkL-Ny-00016-00004455-00004735 ah you may do 15 20
9YJfICkL-Ny-00017-00004736-00005063 maybe 25 kilometers straight line
9YJfICkL-Ny-00018-00005064-00005302 so 25 kilometer radius
9YJfICkL-Ny-00019-00005303-00005591 within that you must eat
9YJfICkL-Ny-00020-00005592-00005831 what is the logic behind this what is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00021-00005832-00006167 the science behind this
9YJfICkL-Ny-00022-00006168-00006391 well
9YJfICkL-Ny-00023-00006392-00006591 what is happening in the soil as
9YJfICkL-Ny-00024-00006592-00006814 microbiome activity
9YJfICkL-Ny-00025-00006815-00007127 and what is happening in the human gut
9YJfICkL-Ny-00026-00007128-00007414 for the same
9YJfICkL-Ny-00027-00007415-00007606 is very similar
9YJfICkL-Ny-00028-00007608-00007774 or in a way
9YJfICkL-Ny-00029-00007775-00007903 a kind of
9YJfICkL-Ny-00030-00007904-00008006 a more
9YJfICkL-Ny-00031-00008008-00008342 evolved or enhanced manifestation of the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00032-00008343-00008671 same in the gut after hundreds of years
9YJfICkL-Ny-00033-00008672-00008967 now modern medicine is talking about
9YJfICkL-Ny-00034-00008968-00009278 there is uh a second brain in your gut
9YJfICkL-Ny-00035-00009279-00009606 a whole lot of things about who you are
9YJfICkL-Ny-00036-00009607-00009695 uh
9YJfICkL-Ny-00037-00009696-00009935 i hope it's not so for you but
9YJfICkL-Ny-00038-00009936-00010287 a whole lot of things as to who you are
9YJfICkL-Ny-00039-00010288-00010559 how you think how you feel your level of
9YJfICkL-Ny-00040-00010560-00010767 balance your equanimity
9YJfICkL-Ny-00041-00010768-00010967 everything is decided
9YJfICkL-Ny-00042-00010968-00011159 by what's happening in the gut it's
9YJfICkL-Ny-00043-00011160-00011359 being referred to
9YJfICkL-Ny-00044-00011360-00011806 as a second brain or the gut brain
9YJfICkL-Ny-00045-00011807-00011983 well it is true
9YJfICkL-Ny-00046-00011984-00012127 that
9YJfICkL-Ny-00047-00012128-00012270 the chemistry
9YJfICkL-Ny-00048-00012271-00012446 of the body
9YJfICkL-Ny-00049-00012447-00012663 is happening at various levels
9YJfICkL-Ny-00050-00012664-00012838 one thing is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00051-00012839-00013046 the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00052-00013047-00013255 the glandular secretions are very
9YJfICkL-Ny-00053-00013256-00013519 important in managing the chemistry
9YJfICkL-Ny-00054-00013519-00013711 but gut is the place
9YJfICkL-Ny-00055-00013712-00013799 where
9YJfICkL-Ny-00056-00013800-00013991 the input for the chemical factory that
9YJfICkL-Ny-00057-00013991-00014263 you are is coming all the food
9YJfICkL-Ny-00058-00014263-00014479 so what kind of food if the food is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00059-00014480-00014703 coming from the land upon which you
9YJfICkL-Ny-00060-00014704-00014847 stand
9YJfICkL-Ny-00061-00014847-00015127 then it has a certain relationship
9YJfICkL-Ny-00062-00015128-00015327 this whole problem the human problem is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00063-00015328-00015455 this that
9YJfICkL-Ny-00064-00015456-00015647 just because you can prance around a
9YJfICkL-Ny-00065-00015647-00015775 little bit
9YJfICkL-Ny-00066-00015776-00015911 you think
9YJfICkL-Ny-00067-00015912-00016055 some people are even saying they have
9YJfICkL-Ny-00068-00016056-00016230 come from
9YJfICkL-Ny-00069-00016231-00016494 some other planet or some other universe
9YJfICkL-Ny-00070-00016495-00016735 they are claiming
9YJfICkL-Ny-00071-00016736-00017047 well if you were made like this tree
9YJfICkL-Ny-00072-00017048-00017247 roots sticking into the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00073-00017248-00017503 you would clearly clearly know
9YJfICkL-Ny-00074-00017504-00017758 that you came from the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00075-00017759-00017958 just because
9YJfICkL-Ny-00076-00017959-00018230 nature's magnanimity it allowed you to
9YJfICkL-Ny-00077-00018231-00018430 prance around a little bit and you're
9YJfICkL-Ny-00078-00018431-00018655 getting all confused as to what is your
9YJfICkL-Ny-00079-00018656-00018799 source
9YJfICkL-Ny-00080-00018800-00018983 so being in touch with the source which
9YJfICkL-Ny-00081-00018984-00019127 is the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00082-00019128-00019343 your evolutionary process itself has
9YJfICkL-Ny-00083-00019344-00019583 been conducted by soil instigated by
9YJfICkL-Ny-00084-00019584-00019679 soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00085-00019680-00019991 the most basic aspect of evolution from
9YJfICkL-Ny-00086-00019992-00020247 where life has evolved into more and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00087-00020248-00020494 more complex forms of life on this
9YJfICkL-Ny-00088-00020495-00020855 planet in its millions of manifestations
9YJfICkL-Ny-00089-00020856-00020991 and today
9YJfICkL-Ny-00090-00020992-00021239 well we can claim at least that we are
9YJfICkL-Ny-00091-00021240-00021527 the most evolved creature on the planet
9YJfICkL-Ny-00092-00021528-00021814 with yet to become uh
9YJfICkL-Ny-00093-00021815-00021958 a being
9YJfICkL-Ny-00094-00021959-00022191 still evolved creatures with enormous
9YJfICkL-Ny-00095-00022192-00022550 capability this capability unfortunately
9YJfICkL-Ny-00096-00022551-00022783 is working against us
9YJfICkL-Ny-00097-00022784-00022991 our intelligence
9YJfICkL-Ny-00098-00022992-00023086 uh
9YJfICkL-Ny-00099-00023087-00023278 today everybody is talking about gut
9YJfICkL-Ny-00100-00023279-00023542 brain as more important simply because
9YJfICkL-Ny-00101-00023543-00023767 they don't know how to handle this brain
9YJfICkL-Ny-00102-00023768-00024022 this brain is becoming a serious problem
9YJfICkL-Ny-00103-00024023-00024207 everybody thinks this is the basis of
9YJfICkL-Ny-00104-00024208-00024558 all mental issues and problems yes it is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00105-00024559-00024767 if you don't know how to handle it such
9YJfICkL-Ny-00106-00024768-00025014 a powerful instrument if you do not know
9YJfICkL-Ny-00107-00025015-00025199 how to handle it yes it's a serious
9YJfICkL-Ny-00108-00025200-00025414 problem so now they're falling back on
9YJfICkL-Ny-00109-00025415-00025646 their gut brain which is more reliable
9YJfICkL-Ny-00110-00025647-00025943 at least it's involuntary
9YJfICkL-Ny-00111-00025944-00026199 so the gut microbes and what's happening
9YJfICkL-Ny-00112-00026200-00026511 in the topsoil are very similar and it
9YJfICkL-Ny-00113-00026512-00026783 not only has life making material it
9YJfICkL-Ny-00114-00026783-00026902 also has
9YJfICkL-Ny-00115-00026904-00027199 many many remedies in terms of today we
9YJfICkL-Ny-00116-00027200-00027407 would like to call it medicines but i
9YJfICkL-Ny-00117-00027408-00027574 would call them remedial
9YJfICkL-Ny-00118-00027575-00027687 forces
9YJfICkL-Ny-00119-00027688-00027935 like for example
9YJfICkL-Ny-00120-00027936-00028239 you know it has been found that many
9YJfICkL-Ny-00121-00028239-00028502 studies have happened where it has been
9YJfICkL-Ny-00122-00028504-00028799 found children playing in the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00123-00028800-00028911 outside
9YJfICkL-Ny-00124-00028912-00029214 always have a richer gut microbiome not
9YJfICkL-Ny-00125-00029216-00029407 because they're eating soil simply it
9YJfICkL-Ny-00126-00029408-00029679 happens because the your body and the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00127-00029680-00029911 soil are not two different things just
9YJfICkL-Ny-00128-00029912-00030095 in two different forms
9YJfICkL-Ny-00129-00030095-00030407 whether you make a pot out of the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00130-00030408-00030751 or you make a picture out of the soil or
9YJfICkL-Ny-00131-00030752-00030999 you make a human body out of the soil it
9YJfICkL-Ny-00132-00031000-00031190 is all soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00133-00031191-00031487 so the connection and the integration
9YJfICkL-Ny-00134-00031488-00031727 either through food or being physically
9YJfICkL-Ny-00135-00031727-00032079 connected is very very important and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00136-00032080-00032351 modern lifestyle the modern lifestyle
9YJfICkL-Ny-00137-00032352-00032623 has completely removed us from the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00138-00032624-00032862 uh we are
9YJfICkL-Ny-00139-00032863-00033023 living way up
9YJfICkL-Ny-00140-00033024-00033183 from the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00141-00033184-00033359 and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00142-00033360-00033527 well even when we have to walk on the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00143-00033528-00033631 ground
9YJfICkL-Ny-00144-00033632-00033799 she wears high heels which are six
9YJfICkL-Ny-00145-00033800-00033918 inches tall
9YJfICkL-Ny-00146-00033919-00034111 i am not against ladies and their
9YJfICkL-Ny-00147-00034112-00034335 fashion they can do whatever they want
9YJfICkL-Ny-00148-00034336-00034511 but
9YJfICkL-Ny-00149-00034512-00034679 being in touch
9YJfICkL-Ny-00150-00034680-00034823 with the earth
9YJfICkL-Ny-00151-00034824-00035062 and above all with the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00152-00035063-00035423 is a very important part of healthy and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00153-00035424-00035574 balanced life
9YJfICkL-Ny-00154-00035575-00035807 there is any number of things and people
9YJfICkL-Ny-00155-00035808-00035999 have always for ages
9YJfICkL-Ny-00156-00036000-00036199 when they want to find peace when their
9YJfICkL-Ny-00157-00036200-00036407 mind is disturbed they go into the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00158-00036408-00036743 jungles in the mountains and sit quietly
9YJfICkL-Ny-00159-00036744-00037046 in yoga always we lie down on the floor
9YJfICkL-Ny-00160-00037047-00037311 without any kind of insulations except
9YJfICkL-Ny-00161-00037312-00037615 organic insulation because our body
9YJfICkL-Ny-00162-00037616-00037862 should be connected and also the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00163-00037863-00038223 electrical negative needs to happen so
9YJfICkL-Ny-00164-00038224-00038359 your body gets
9YJfICkL-Ny-00165-00038360-00038687 kind of like a earthing and the negative
9YJfICkL-Ny-00166-00038688-00038951 it neutralizes the extra positive charge
9YJfICkL-Ny-00167-00038952-00039207 which can cause restlessness which can
9YJfICkL-Ny-00168-00039208-00039439 cause unnecessary activity neurological
9YJfICkL-Ny-00169-00039440-00039662 activity which can lead to various kinds
9YJfICkL-Ny-00170-00039663-00039855 of problems it's like you're keeping
9YJfICkL-Ny-00171-00039856-00040111 your engine all the time at high revs so
9YJfICkL-Ny-00172-00040112-00040302 people went into the jungles and forests
9YJfICkL-Ny-00173-00040303-00040559 and mountains and they just sat down and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00174-00040560-00040823 they found they became peaceful this has
9YJfICkL-Ny-00175-00040824-00041007 got something to do
9YJfICkL-Ny-00176-00041008-00041255 with the connection with the soil you
9YJfICkL-Ny-00177-00041256-00041423 can you can think this is a tree but
9YJfICkL-Ny-00178-00041424-00041567 this is soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00179-00041568-00041727 you can think that's an animal that is
9YJfICkL-Ny-00180-00041728-00041958 soil you can think this is a human being
9YJfICkL-Ny-00181-00041959-00042095 this is soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00182-00042096-00042343 so this connection is very important
9YJfICkL-Ny-00183-00042344-00042558 today i just heard that when i was in
9YJfICkL-Ny-00184-00042559-00042711 los angeles they were telling me there
9YJfICkL-Ny-00185-00042712-00043055 is a farm just outside of la where uh if
9YJfICkL-Ny-00186-00043056-00043167 you pay
9YJfICkL-Ny-00187-00043168-00043495 50 you can hug a cow for about half an
9YJfICkL-Ny-00188-00043496-00043862 hour oh
9YJfICkL-Ny-00189-00043863-00044087 because you're trying to connect to the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00190-00044088-00044446 soil you're trying to enrich the gut
9YJfICkL-Ny-00191-00044447-00044718 a microbiome you're trying to bring some
9YJfICkL-Ny-00192-00044719-00044974 semblance of balance into you well if
9YJfICkL-Ny-00193-00044975-00045190 you had a powerful yogic practice you
9YJfICkL-Ny-00194-00045191-00045479 could do that yourself from within but
9YJfICkL-Ny-00195-00045480-00045711 if that is not there the simplest thing
9YJfICkL-Ny-00196-00045712-00046271 is to be in touch with the soil and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00197-00046272-00046558 it is a fact that over 300 million
9YJfICkL-Ny-00198-00046559-00046671 people
9YJfICkL-Ny-00199-00046672-00046999 suffer from asthma
9YJfICkL-Ny-00200-00047000-00047190 half of the children in united states
9YJfICkL-Ny-00201-00047191-00047439 develop wheezing by their time they are
9YJfICkL-Ny-00202-00047440-00047639 three years of age and they are on all
9YJfICkL-Ny-00203-00047640-00047886 kinds of medications people are allergic
9YJfICkL-Ny-00204-00047887-00048095 to all sorts of things
9YJfICkL-Ny-00205-00048096-00048318 well 100 years ago you had never heard
9YJfICkL-Ny-00206-00048319-00048495 of these allergies
9YJfICkL-Ny-00207-00048496-00048758 very rare few had that today it's
9YJfICkL-Ny-00208-00048759-00048943 becoming like a normal thing everybody
9YJfICkL-Ny-00209-00048944-00049167 is allergic to something i've met people
9YJfICkL-Ny-00210-00049168-00049399 who are allergic to sunlight i've met
9YJfICkL-Ny-00211-00049400-00049623 people who are allergic to rainwater
9YJfICkL-Ny-00212-00049624-00049862 i've met people of course the peanut and
9YJfICkL-Ny-00213-00049863-00050151 groundnut allergy everybody knows about
9YJfICkL-Ny-00214-00050152-00050367 that it's not like they have to eat it
9YJfICkL-Ny-00215-00050368-00050567 if you just as much as
9YJfICkL-Ny-00216-00050568-00050807 break this legume this wonderful legume
9YJfICkL-Ny-00217-00050808-00050990 which is very nutritious that we call as
9YJfICkL-Ny-00218-00050991-00051246 ground nut and because it grows in the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00219-00051247-00051590 ground
9YJfICkL-Ny-00220-00051591-00051799 well if i open it here somebody allergic
9YJfICkL-Ny-00221-00051800-00052111 they're 50 feet away they could die
9YJfICkL-Ny-00222-00052112-00052350 just see the sensitivity of that
9YJfICkL-Ny-00223-00052351-00052663 so these things have happened because
9YJfICkL-Ny-00224-00052664-00052879 we are beginning to think we came from
9YJfICkL-Ny-00225-00052879-00053054 elsewhere of course there are some
9YJfICkL-Ny-00226-00053055-00053279 people supporting this in your mind
9YJfICkL-Ny-00227-00053279-00053511 saying that there are books around
9YJfICkL-Ny-00228-00053512-00053687 saying that you're all aliens who came
9YJfICkL-Ny-00229-00053688-00053935 from elsewhere even if you're an alien
9YJfICkL-Ny-00230-00053936-00054103 if you happen to be one it's fine with
9YJfICkL-Ny-00231-00054104-00054366 me uh maybe i'm also one you know i look
9YJfICkL-Ny-00232-00054367-00054542 like this
9YJfICkL-Ny-00233-00054544-00054807 i may also be one but we have adapted
9YJfICkL-Ny-00234-00054808-00054894 well
9YJfICkL-Ny-00235-00054895-00055159 to the life on this planet
9YJfICkL-Ny-00236-00055160-00055542 so our life our body our food
9YJfICkL-Ny-00237-00055544-00055679 and our death
9YJfICkL-Ny-00238-00055679-00055887 is with the soil
9YJfICkL-Ny-00239-00055888-00056159 it must be understood that those who
9YJfICkL-Ny-00240-00056160-00056430 live in farms and open areas the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00241-00056432-00056791 propensity to towards allergies is way
9YJfICkL-Ny-00242-00056791-00057038 less for rural children and children who
9YJfICkL-Ny-00243-00057039-00057335 live elsewhere have you heard of anybody
9YJfICkL-Ny-00244-00057336-00057519 in africa having
9YJfICkL-Ny-00245-00057520-00057775 pole analogy or something else have you
9YJfICkL-Ny-00246-00057776-00057935 heard of any tribals who are living
9YJfICkL-Ny-00247-00057936-00058230 close by here every anybody having any
9YJfICkL-Ny-00248-00058232-00058359 lactose
9YJfICkL-Ny-00249-00058360-00058494 intolerance
9YJfICkL-Ny-00250-00058495-00058719 such things are unheard of
9YJfICkL-Ny-00251-00058720-00058887 this only happens
9YJfICkL-Ny-00252-00058888-00059182 in affluent societies because we think
9YJfICkL-Ny-00253-00059183-00059438 affluence means we should become
9YJfICkL-Ny-00254-00059439-00059591 hydrogen balloons
9YJfICkL-Ny-00255-00059591-00059750 that means we must be away from the
9YJfICkL-Ny-00256-00059751-00059991 earth in every possible way and then we
9YJfICkL-Ny-00257-00059991-00060375 start calling life making magic
9YJfICkL-Ny-00258-00060376-00060647 that is soil as dirt
9YJfICkL-Ny-00259-00060648-00060854 if this is dirt
9YJfICkL-Ny-00260-00060855-00061119 you and me become dirtbags let us not be
9YJfICkL-Ny-00261-00061120-00061372 that
9YJfICkL-Ny-00262-00061373-00061470 [Music]
9YJfICkL-Ny-00263-00061471-00061520 [Applause]
9YJfICkL-Ny-00264-00061521-00061894 [Music]
9YJfICkL-Ny-00265-00061895-00062208 you sorry
9YJfICkL-Ny-00266-00062209-00062589 [Music]
9czcw4DEKJY-00000-00000053-00000394 Peking Union Medical College Chinese
9czcw4DEKJY-00001-00000395-00000688 Beijing Shia heyyyyy Shui you and pinyin
9czcw4DEKJY-00002-00000689-00001154 Beijing Xiao Yi Xuan founded in 1906 is
9czcw4DEKJY-00003-00001155-00001397 one of the most selective medical
9czcw4DEKJY-00004-00001398-00001768 colleges in China it is a Chinese
9czcw4DEKJY-00005-00001769-00002099 Ministry of Education double first-class
9czcw4DEKJY-00006-00002100-00002368 discipline University with double
9czcw4DEKJY-00007-00002369-00002624 first-class status in certain
9czcw4DEKJY-00008-00002625-00002943 disciplines it is a relatively
9czcw4DEKJY-00009-00002944-00003265 independent institution affiliated with
9czcw4DEKJY-00010-00003266-00003586 Ching hua University Peking Union
9czcw4DEKJY-00011-00003588-00003856 Medical College graduates receive a
9czcw4DEKJY-00012-00003857-00004172 Peking Union Medical College diploma
9czcw4DEKJY-00013-00004173-00004431 signed by both the Peking Union Medical
9czcw4DEKJY-00014-00004432-00004861 College and Ching hua presidents it was
9czcw4DEKJY-00015-00004862-00005090 merged with the Chinese Academy of
9czcw4DEKJY-00016-00005091-00005549 Medical Sciences in 1957 and operates as
9czcw4DEKJY-00017-00005550-00005829 one single institution with two names
9czcw4DEKJY-00018-00005830-00006086 directly under the Ministry of Health
9czcw4DEKJY-00019-00006087-00006484 now the National Health Commission it is
9czcw4DEKJY-00020-00006486-00006773 the first medical school in China to
9czcw4DEKJY-00021-00006773-00007220 introduce the eight-year MD program the
9czcw4DEKJY-00022-00007220-00007492 hospital and College is located at
9czcw4DEKJY-00023-00007493-00007702 number nine dawned and third a li
9czcw4DEKJY-00024-00007703-00008078 dongsheng beijing next to the wangfujing
9czcw4DEKJY-00025-00008079-00008726 shopping area
9czcw4DEKJY-00026-00008727-00009285 topic history
9czcw4DEKJY-00027-00009286-00009559 the Peking Union Medical College
9czcw4DEKJY-00028-00009560-00009981 Hospital was founded in 1906 the
9czcw4DEKJY-00029-00009982-00010230 American Board of Commissioners for
9czcw4DEKJY-00030-00010231-00010513 foreign missions the board of foreign
9czcw4DEKJY-00031-00010514-00010752 missions of the Presbyterian Church in
9czcw4DEKJY-00032-00010753-00011055 the USA the London Missionary Society
9czcw4DEKJY-00033-00011056-00011370 and later the board of foreign missions
9czcw4DEKJY-00034-00011371-00011670 of the Methodist Episcopal Church the
9czcw4DEKJY-00035-00011671-00011902 Society for the propagation of the
9czcw4DEKJY-00036-00011903-00012141 gospel and the medical missionary
9czcw4DEKJY-00037-00012142-00012433 Association of London together with the
9czcw4DEKJY-00038-00012434-00012708 then Chinese government cooperated in
9czcw4DEKJY-00039-00012709-00012949 the foundation and development of the
9czcw4DEKJY-00040-00012950-00013233 Medical College and maintained it until
9czcw4DEKJY-00041-00013234-00013660 1915 the Rockefeller Foundation was
9czcw4DEKJY-00042-00013661-00014191 established in 1913 and in 1913 1914 the
9czcw4DEKJY-00043-00014191-00014449 newly formed foundation created a
9czcw4DEKJY-00044-00014450-00014746 commission including dr. Franklin C
9czcw4DEKJY-00045-00014747-00015075 MacLean to examine medical education in
9czcw4DEKJY-00046-00015076-00015447 China one of its recommendations was
9czcw4DEKJY-00047-00015448-00015731 that the foundation through a subsidiary
9czcw4DEKJY-00048-00015732-00016034 organization should assume financial
9czcw4DEKJY-00049-00016035-00016408 responsibility for the College on July
9czcw4DEKJY-00050-00016409-00016803 1st 1915 the recently established China
9czcw4DEKJY-00051-00016804-00017112 Medical Board assumed full support of
9czcw4DEKJY-00052-00017113-00017353 the Union Medical College having
9czcw4DEKJY-00053-00017354-00017703 previously acquired the property the
9czcw4DEKJY-00054-00017704-00017968 Commission's members had included both
9czcw4DEKJY-00055-00017969-00018219 William Welch the first Dean of the
9czcw4DEKJY-00056-00018220-00018528 Johns Hopkins Medical School and Simon
9czcw4DEKJY-00057-00018529-00018925 Flexner the China Medical Board modeled
9czcw4DEKJY-00058-00018926-00019155 the school after Johns Hopkins
9czcw4DEKJY-00059-00019156-00019455 University School of Medicine following
9czcw4DEKJY-00060-00019456-00019690 the recommendations of the Flexner
9czcw4DEKJY-00061-00019691-00019944 report which set the foundation of
9czcw4DEKJY-00062-00019945-00020239 modern medical education in the United
9czcw4DEKJY-00063-00020240-00020634 States and Canada the P UMC was
9czcw4DEKJY-00064-00020635-00021046 reorganized in 1917 and celebrated its
9czcw4DEKJY-00065-00021047-00021319 90th anniversary with a ceremony
9czcw4DEKJY-00066-00021320-00021550 attended by the president of Johns
9czcw4DEKJY-00067-00021551-00021844 Hopkins University the chair of the
9czcw4DEKJY-00068-00021845-00022131 China Medical Board and representatives
9czcw4DEKJY-00069-00022132-00022342 of the Rockefeller family and
9czcw4DEKJY-00070-00022343-00022626 Rockefeller Brothers fund
9czcw4DEKJY-00071-00022627-00023004 in January 1951 the new government
9czcw4DEKJY-00072-00023005-00023370 nationalised PU MC and the institution
9czcw4DEKJY-00073-00023371-00023604 was accused of being an agent of
9czcw4DEKJY-00074-00023605-00023964 American cultural imperialism the
9czcw4DEKJY-00075-00023965-00024204 Ministry of Health changed its name to
9czcw4DEKJY-00076-00024205-00024540 China Union Medical College but did not
9czcw4DEKJY-00077-00024541-00024831 radically alter the curriculum except to
9czcw4DEKJY-00078-00024832-00025077 switch the language of instruction from
9czcw4DEKJY-00079-00025078-00025590 English to Chinese in 1952 the People's
9czcw4DEKJY-00080-00025591-00025833 Liberation Army took charge of
9czcw4DEKJY-00081-00025833-00026170 operations and remained in charge until
9czcw4DEKJY-00082-00026172-00026655 1956 the curriculum was militarized and
9czcw4DEKJY-00083-00026656-00026925 shortened to 1 year in order to train
9czcw4DEKJY-00084-00026926-00027255 army medical officers and Soviet models
9czcw4DEKJY-00085-00027256-00027687 were introduced the basic orientation to
9czcw4DEKJY-00086-00027688-00027960 Western medicine was maintained and the
9czcw4DEKJY-00087-00027961-00028218 staff continued to do research and
9czcw4DEKJY-00088-00028219-00028647 advanced surgeries in 1956 autonomy was
9czcw4DEKJY-00089-00028648-00028941 restored but the college continued to be
9czcw4DEKJY-00090-00028942-00029207 criticized for its elitism
9czcw4DEKJY-00091-00029208-00029598 cosmopolitanism and failure to serve the
9czcw4DEKJY-00092-00029599-00030024 people during periodic campaigns during
9czcw4DEKJY-00093-00030025-00030308 the Cultural Revolution Peking Union
9czcw4DEKJY-00094-00030310-00030795 Medical College was closed in 1979 it
9czcw4DEKJY-00095-00030795-00031179 reopened as the capital University of
9czcw4DEKJY-00096-00031180-00031602 Medical Sciences then returned to Peking
9czcw4DEKJY-00097-00031602-00031997 Union Medical College hae key - way in
9czcw4DEKJY-00098-00031998-00032662 1985
9czcw4DEKJY-00099-00032663-00033281 topic current status
9czcw4DEKJY-00100-00033282-00033620 Peking Union Medical College students
9czcw4DEKJY-00101-00033621-00033895 traditionally attend Peking University
9czcw4DEKJY-00102-00033896-00034181 biology department for the pre-meds
9czcw4DEKJY-00103-00034182-00034700 portion of education since 2006 Ching
9czcw4DEKJY-00104-00034701-00035030 hua University has held a joint MD
9czcw4DEKJY-00105-00035031-00035413 program in clinical medical science
9czcw4DEKJY-00106-00035414-00035681 enrollment in the clinical medical
9czcw4DEKJY-00107-00035682-00036059 science at P UMC is based on individuals
9czcw4DEKJY-00108-00036060-00036347 performance in high school and national
9czcw4DEKJY-00109-00036348-00036776 exam score at graduation the curriculum
9czcw4DEKJY-00110-00036777-00037037 of clinical medical science is eight
9czcw4DEKJY-00111-00037038-00037355 years accepts about 90 students each
9czcw4DEKJY-00112-00037356-00037703 year and includes 2.5 years of pre
9czcw4DEKJY-00113-00037704-00037952 medical education in the School of Life
9czcw4DEKJY-00114-00037953-00038306 Sciences at Ching hua University the
9czcw4DEKJY-00115-00038307-00038573 students have the pre-med studies at
9czcw4DEKJY-00116-00038574-00038858 Ching hua University and are considered
9czcw4DEKJY-00117-00038859-00039190 as students of both P UMC and Ching hua
9czcw4DEKJY-00118-00039191-00039578 university the college also has its
9czcw4DEKJY-00119-00039579-00039818 independent graduate school which
9czcw4DEKJY-00120-00039819-00040028 recruits from other medical schools
9czcw4DEKJY-00121-00040029-00040373 around the country the health care
9czcw4DEKJY-00122-00040374-00040712 services at Peking Union Medical College
9czcw4DEKJY-00123-00040713-00041009 Hospital are widely believed in mainland
9czcw4DEKJY-00124-00041010-00041270 China to be among the most technically
9czcw4DEKJY-00125-00041271-00041663 advanced many prominent political and
9czcw4DEKJY-00126-00041664-00041942 social leaders in China have sought
9czcw4DEKJY-00127-00041943-00042406 medical treatment at the P UNC hospital
9czcw4DEKJY-00128-00042407-00042691 Peking Union Medical College has
9czcw4DEKJY-00129-00042692-00042982 provided generations of leaders for
9czcw4DEKJY-00130-00042983-00043228 academic and clinical medicine and
9czcw4DEKJY-00131-00043229-00043690 related areas all over the world Peking
9czcw4DEKJY-00132-00043691-00043978 Union Medical College is part of the
9czcw4DEKJY-00133-00043979-00044053 project
9czcw4DEKJY-00134-00044054-00044440 211 list of universities receiving
9czcw4DEKJY-00135-00044441-00045114 national funding
9czcw4DEKJY-00136-00045115-00045686 topic research
9czcw4DEKJY-00137-00045687-00045989 the medical school is the home to four
9czcw4DEKJY-00138-00045990-00046304 state key labs and six who collaborating
9czcw4DEKJY-00139-00046305-00046724 centers including the who collaborating
9czcw4DEKJY-00140-00046725-00046921 Center for health and biomedical
9czcw4DEKJY-00141-00046922-00047402 information who collaborating Center for
9czcw4DEKJY-00142-00047403-00047570 the family of international
9czcw4DEKJY-00143-00047571-00048080 classification who fic who collaborating
9czcw4DEKJY-00144-00048081-00048365 Center for nursing policymaking and
9czcw4DEKJY-00145-00048366-00048764 quality management who collaborating
9czcw4DEKJY-00146-00048765-00049157 Center for traditional medicine who
9czcw4DEKJY-00147-00049158-00049430 collaborating Center for the community
9czcw4DEKJY-00148-00049431-00049736 control of hereditary diseases Tallis
9czcw4DEKJY-00149-00049737-00050148 emia who collaborating Center for the
9czcw4DEKJY-00150-00050149-00050399 prevention and control of sexually
9czcw4DEKJY-00151-00050400-00050819 transmitted infections the state key
9czcw4DEKJY-00152-00050820-00051227 laboratory of molecular oncology the
9czcw4DEKJY-00153-00051228-00051462 state key Laboratory of medical
9czcw4DEKJY-00154-00051463-00051837 molecular biology the state key
9czcw4DEKJY-00155-00051838-00052181 Laboratory of bioactive substances and
9czcw4DEKJY-00156-00052182-00052574 the function of natural medicines the
9czcw4DEKJY-00157-00052575-00052856 state key Laboratory of experimental
9czcw4DEKJY-00158-00052857-00053411 hematology
9czcw4DEKJY-00159-00053412-00054005 topic hospitals
9czcw4DEKJY-00160-00054007-00054412 Peking Union Medical College Hospital
9czcw4DEKJY-00161-00054413-00055100 for why Hospital Cancer Hospital Plastic
9czcw4DEKJY-00162-00055101-00055554 Surgery Hospital hematology Hospital
9czcw4DEKJY-00163-00055554-00056530 Tianjin skin disease Hospital Nanjing
9czcw4DEKJY-00164-00056532-00057090 topic alumni
9czcw4DEKJY-00165-00057091-00057774 Chen Jerry Jerry Chen sin Liu Tang fave
9czcw4DEKJY-00166-00057775-00058485 an pace yin tang sigh fan you
9czcw4DEKJY-00167-00058486-00059029 whoo cheeping
9czcw4DEKJY-00168-00059030-00059576 topic gallery
9czcw4DEKJY-00169-00059577-00060044 Peking Union Medical College
9e2p6lCOSMU-00000-00000003-00000380 all right welcome back everybody so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00001-00000381-00000748 today is actually our last lecture on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00002-00000749-00000974 the first third of the class notes our
9e2p6lCOSMU-00003-00000975-00001337 last time presents a couple few new
9e2p6lCOSMU-00004-00001338-00001850 ideas about imperative program it's done
9e2p6lCOSMU-00005-00001851-00002009 with kind of the first unit in this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00006-00002010-00002264 class which is pretty exciting today's a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00007-00002265-00002471 little bit of a mixed bag of stuff so I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00008-00002472-00002771 have a couple you know constructs that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00009-00002772-00003008 need to show you that are part of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00010-00003009-00003191 imperative programming in Java they're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00011-00003192-00003481 not particularly common but I need to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00012-00003482-00003668 make sure you've seen them so that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00013-00003669-00003797 don't get in trouble later if somebody
9e2p6lCOSMU-00014-00003797-00003956 says you know course on Java and he
9e2p6lCOSMU-00015-00003957-00004120 never showed you this particular type of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00016-00004121-00004304 loop or whatever so we're gonna look at
9e2p6lCOSMU-00017-00004305-00004636 a couple of those quickly then we're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00018-00004637-00004795 going to talk a little bit about what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00019-00004796-00005066 actually happens when your code runs so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00020-00005067-00005213 this is something that may have been a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00021-00005214-00005438 little bit mysterious to you up until
9e2p6lCOSMU-00022-00005439-00005783 now it's actually pretty interesting so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00023-00005784-00005900 we'll spend a little bit of time talking
9e2p6lCOSMU-00024-00005901-00006077 about that this will also help you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00025-00006078-00006329 understand why you get certain types of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00026-00006330-00006595 error messages and there's kind of a fun
9e2p6lCOSMU-00027-00006597-00006833 story about language design here as well
9e2p6lCOSMU-00028-00006834-00007120 right so talk about that and then at the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00029-00007122-00007306 end we're going to do some examples
9e2p6lCOSMU-00030-00007308-00007520 I hope where we're going to look at the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00031-00007520-00007658 string rotation problem that you guys
9e2p6lCOSMU-00032-00007659-00007921 worked on a few days ago and we'll go
9e2p6lCOSMU-00033-00007922-00008098 over some examples of how to do that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00034-00008100-00008314 problem and we're gonna talk a little
9e2p6lCOSMU-00035-00008315-00008459 bit about how not to do that problem
9e2p6lCOSMU-00036-00008460-00008635 this well how to write like a good clean
9e2p6lCOSMU-00037-00008636-00008870 really perfect correct solution to that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00038-00008871-00009002 particular problem and that'll be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00039-00009003-00009134 something that'll you know again
9e2p6lCOSMU-00040-00009135-00009449 hopefully help prepare you for the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00041-00009450-00009610 imperative programming midterm next week
9e2p6lCOSMU-00042-00009611-00010064 okay so let's get started to to new
9e2p6lCOSMU-00043-00010065-00010306 things that I need to mention before we
9e2p6lCOSMU-00044-00010307-00010433 go on and again we're not going to dwell
9e2p6lCOSMU-00045-00010434-00010828 here I showed you several types of loops
9e2p6lCOSMU-00046-00010829-00011027 I showed you a while loop that was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00047-00011028-00011153 actually the first loop that we talked
9e2p6lCOSMU-00048-00011154-00011381 about we also looked at a for loop so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00049-00011382-00011573 those were that those are the heavy
9e2p6lCOSMU-00050-00011574-00011834 hitters the for loop you know maybe like
9e2p6lCOSMU-00051-00011835-00012095 60% of loops you see in the world the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00052-00012096-00012173 while loop
9e2p6lCOSMU-00053-00012174-00012631 you know maybe 29% of the rest but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00054-00012632-00013058 there's this other loop as well so the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00055-00013059-00013358 while loop remember we had you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00056-00013359-00013522 this this while keyword and then is the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00057-00013523-00013711 condition and the slope continues as
9e2p6lCOSMU-00058-00013712-00014033 long as that condition is true why loop
9e2p6lCOSMU-00059-00014034-00014380 has a friend that friend or that variant
9e2p6lCOSMU-00060-00014381-00014772 is called a do-while loop and you'll see
9e2p6lCOSMU-00061-00014773-00015107 that it's a little bit different it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00062-00015108-00015299 starts with the keyword do and then
9e2p6lCOSMU-00063-00015300-00015569 there's an open block and then at the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00064-00015569-00015866 end after the the curly brace that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00065-00015866-00016078 closes the block of code that runs as
9e2p6lCOSMU-00066-00016079-00016343 the loop continues to execute there is a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00067-00016344-00016478 while statement and then there's a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00068-00016479-00016730 condition so the structure of the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00069-00016731-00016906 statement is designed to be indicative
9e2p6lCOSMU-00070-00016907-00017183 of how it's different from the wild loop
9e2p6lCOSMU-00071-00017184-00017327 so you may have never used one of these
9e2p6lCOSMU-00072-00017328-00017533 loops before and you won't use it often
9e2p6lCOSMU-00073-00017534-00017747 but what do you think is different about
9e2p6lCOSMU-00074-00017748-00018122 it from the wild loop just because of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00075-00018123-00018374 how it looks it's a clue based on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00076-00018375-00018902 structure yeah bingo yeah so the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00077-00018903-00019085 do-while loop it's exactly correct the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00078-00019086-00019385 do-while loop runs first and then checks
9e2p6lCOSMU-00079-00019386-00019727 the condition so a while loop can never
9e2p6lCOSMU-00080-00019728-00020096 execute if the condition is false will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00081-00020097-00020339 never enter the while loop a do Lyle
9e2p6lCOSMU-00082-00020340-00020600 loop will always execute once because
9e2p6lCOSMU-00083-00020601-00020828 even if the condition is false it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00084-00020829-00021011 doesn't get checked until after each
9e2p6lCOSMU-00085-00021012-00021353 time the loop executes so just a quick
9e2p6lCOSMU-00086-00021354-00021859 example up top I have a while loop and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00087-00021860-00022156 that while loop is looping based on this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00088-00022157-00022412 condition that says I is less than zero
9e2p6lCOSMU-00089-00022413-00022762 I've initialized I to 0 so the first
9e2p6lCOSMU-00090-00022763-00022900 time I reach the loop that starts on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00091-00022901-00023305 line 2 it doesn't get executed I do the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00092-00023306-00023687 same thing below with my do-while loop
9e2p6lCOSMU-00093-00023688-00024025 i initialize again I to 0 I have the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00094-00024026-00024308 same condition but because it's a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00095-00024309-00024487 do-while loop it gets checked after the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00096-00024488-00024746 loop runs so if I run this code you're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00097-00024747-00024937 gonna see that the do-while loop runs
9e2p6lCOSMU-00098-00024938-00025309 one time the while loop never ran if I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00099-00025310-00025633 change I here let's set I to be I don't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00100-00025634-00026153 know 2 or something
9e2p6lCOSMU-00101-00026154-00026492 oh wait hold on I need to need to change
9e2p6lCOSMU-00102-00026493-00026795 that let's let's keep I starting at zero
9e2p6lCOSMU-00103-00026797-00027205 let's change the condition here so now
9e2p6lCOSMU-00104-00027206-00027486 you'll see that that this is good these
9e2p6lCOSMU-00105-00027487-00027795 are going to do the same thing right but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00106-00027795-00027993 the condition is being checked at the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00107-00027994-00028283 end in the do-while loop right so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00108-00028284-00028551 there's this special case so if I set
9e2p6lCOSMU-00109-00028552-00028845 this to two I'm okay if I set it to one
9e2p6lCOSMU-00110-00028845-00029105 they're gonna do the same thing but if I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00111-00029106-00029720 set it to zero that's where they behaved
9e2p6lCOSMU-00112-00029720-00030036 okay so seen the do-while loop again
9e2p6lCOSMU-00113-00030037-00030198 they're probably like a multiple choice
9e2p6lCOSMU-00114-00030199-00030533 question on on next week's midterm on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00115-00030534-00030660 this or something like that but this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00116-00030661-00030801 not something that we expect you to use
9e2p6lCOSMU-00117-00030802-00030960 there are cases when you write code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00118-00030961-00031182 where you will maybe in the back of your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00119-00031183-00031230 mind
9e2p6lCOSMU-00120-00031231-00031383 keep this stashed away because there's a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00121-00031383-00031626 few places where a do-while loop can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00122-00031627-00031818 actually lead you to a very elegant
9e2p6lCOSMU-00123-00031819-00032043 solution to a problem that you were kind
9e2p6lCOSMU-00124-00032044-00032226 of struggling to solve with the while
9e2p6lCOSMU-00125-00032227-00032361 loop all right so just keep this in your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00126-00032362-00032637 back pocket it does come in handy from
9e2p6lCOSMU-00127-00032638-00032999 time to time okay so that's our do-while
9e2p6lCOSMU-00128-00033000-00033365 loop so that was kind of a variant of a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00129-00033366-00033587 loop now let me show you a little bit of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00130-00033588-00033864 an berry of a conditional so we have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00131-00033865-00034014 this conditional statement again this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00132-00034015-00034137 kind of good to talk about today it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00133-00034138-00034335 good review so we have this conditional
9e2p6lCOSMU-00134-00034336-00034548 statement this is actually good from top
9e2p6lCOSMU-00135-00034549-00034946 to bottom I check a condition a if that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00136-00034947-00035096 condition is true I execute the block of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00137-00035097-00035324 code that follows if it's not I continue
9e2p6lCOSMU-00138-00035325-00035664 checking other statements until I get to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00139-00035665-00035799 the bottom of my conditional expression
9e2p6lCOSMU-00140-00035800-00036029 so this is how these conditionals work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00141-00036030-00036251 conditionals also have a friend or
9e2p6lCOSMU-00142-00036252-00036564 variant and this is probably you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00143-00036565-00036762 again the reason why I'm not talking
9e2p6lCOSMU-00144-00036763-00036889 about these until now is these are not
9e2p6lCOSMU-00145-00036890-00037224 particularly useful they are helpful in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00146-00037225-00037490 a certain in certain places so this has
9e2p6lCOSMU-00147-00037491-00037629 a friend that's called a switch
9e2p6lCOSMU-00148-00037630-00037889 statement and a switch statement is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00149-00037890-00038318 again very similar to an if Alice so how
9e2p6lCOSMU-00150-00038319-00038471 does it work switches are also more
9e2p6lCOSMU-00151-00038472-00038832 limited than its Val statements so the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00152-00038833-00038979 only thing I can test in a switch
9e2p6lCOSMU-00153-00038980-00039123 statement are primitive types and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00154-00039124-00039439 strings in Java that's it but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00155-00039440-00039631 here's what I can do in a switch that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00156-00039632-00039757 can't do in an if-else statement I can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00157-00039758-00040051 actually have multiple expressions that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00158-00040052-00040368 are matched by the same switch statement
9e2p6lCOSMU-00159-00040369-00040593 so here's how a switch statement works
9e2p6lCOSMU-00160-00040594-00040954 when I start executing the switch what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00161-00040955-00041128 job will do is it'll find the first case
9e2p6lCOSMU-00162-00041129-00041362 statement that matches and then it'll
9e2p6lCOSMU-00163-00041363-00041653 continue executing code until it hits a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00164-00041654-00041848 break statement so that's the way that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00165-00041849-00041989 can have multiple statements that are
9e2p6lCOSMU-00166-00041990-00042508 executed so let's look at this guy so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00167-00042509-00042751 again this is new syntax I don't want to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00168-00042752-00042850 dwell I don't want to linger here
9e2p6lCOSMU-00169-00042851-00043015 because this is not really that useful
9e2p6lCOSMU-00170-00043016-00043162 it's not something that we're gonna ask
9e2p6lCOSMU-00171-00043163-00043446 you to use on homework problems or on an
9e2p6lCOSMU-00172-00043447-00043798 MP but I just want you to see it so what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00173-00043799-00043930 do we think happens here so I have my
9e2p6lCOSMU-00174-00043931-00044107 switch statement the thing that i'm tête
9e2p6lCOSMU-00175-00044108-00044315 that the variable that I'm testing is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00176-00044316-00044662 enclosed in those parentheses in this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00177-00044663-00044881 case this is testing equality of this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00178-00044882-00045208 integer so essentially case zero says if
9e2p6lCOSMU-00179-00045209-00045537 test is zero case 1 says if test is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00180-00045538-00045861 equal to 1 case 2 if test is equal to 2
9e2p6lCOSMU-00181-00045862-00046120 in other languages case statements
9e2p6lCOSMU-00182-00046121-00046402 actually have are more flexible like I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00183-00046403-00046552 can do more with them but in Java this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00184-00046553-00046708 is pretty much it I can take a variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00185-00046709-00046969 and I can compare it with a series of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00186-00046970-00047233 literals so what do we think is gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00187-00047234-00047527 happen here what's the value of tests
9e2p6lCOSMU-00188-00047528-00047881 when I start running this to initialize
9e2p6lCOSMU-00189-00047882-00048171 and declared on line 1 so I'm gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00190-00048172-00048337 start with this statement right here oh
9e2p6lCOSMU-00191-00048338-00048604 wait hold on so for the person who
9e2p6lCOSMU-00192-00048605-00048871 complained about my laser pointer I now
9e2p6lCOSMU-00193-00048872-00049132 have this thing this be careful with
9e2p6lCOSMU-00194-00049133-00049393 this this Maebh lined you ok ready all
9e2p6lCOSMU-00195-00049394-00049737 right look at that just like it hurts my
9e2p6lCOSMU-00196-00049738-00049936 eyes a little bit right are you guys
9e2p6lCOSMU-00197-00049937-00050179 okay with this this was like the most
9e2p6lCOSMU-00198-00050180-00050335 powerful one I could buy an Amazon it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00199-00050336-00050425 may be too much
9e2p6lCOSMU-00200-00050426-00050593 it actually has like a little key that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00201-00050594-00050917 you have to use to turn it on anyway so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00202-00050918-00051112 we'll try it if anyone needs to go to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00203-00051113-00051302 the eye doctor after this lecture I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00204-00051303-00051633 disclaim all responsibility for that all
9e2p6lCOSMU-00205-00051634-00051787 right so on K what I'm going to do is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00206-00051788-00052020 I'm going to start on on this statement
9e2p6lCOSMU-00207-00052021-00052371 on line 5 because test is 2 so I'm going
9e2p6lCOSMU-00208-00052372-00052666 to print C but there's no break
9e2p6lCOSMU-00209-00052666-00052825 statement there and so I'm going to key
9e2p6lCOSMU-00210-00052826-00052999 going until I get to the bottom of the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00211-00053000-00053278 case tape so I'm gonna get to line 6
9e2p6lCOSMU-00212-00053279-00053509 this really is too much and then I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00213-00053510-00053791 gonna get to line 7 7 is a special
9e2p6lCOSMU-00214-00053791-00053974 statement in a switch called a default
9e2p6lCOSMU-00215-00053975-00054204 so if nothing else matches that's what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00216-00054205-00054409 gets executed so let's let's try this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00217-00054410-00054790 let's see what happens ok so I printed C
9e2p6lCOSMU-00218-00054791-00055099 I printed D I printed e if I give
9e2p6lCOSMU-00219-00055100-00055329 something like 6 you're gonna see that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00220-00055330-00055576 I'm only going to print e that's because
9e2p6lCOSMU-00221-00055577-00055858 the default case down here on line 7
9e2p6lCOSMU-00222-00055859-00056203 prints e so if I don't find a matching
9e2p6lCOSMU-00223-00056204-00056554 the switch I jump into that case if I do
9e2p6lCOSMU-00224-00056554-00056728 find it earlier match I keep just going
9e2p6lCOSMU-00225-00056729-00056991 down until I either get out of the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00226-00056992-00057421 switch statement or I hit a break so if
9e2p6lCOSMU-00227-00057422-00057642 I start with 0 I'm going to get through
9e2p6lCOSMU-00228-00057644-00057712 all of them
9e2p6lCOSMU-00229-00057713-00058123 I can I can put a break statement in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00230-00058124-00058582 here oh this is broken sorry I need a I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00231-00058583-00058900 need to open a block here now it's very
9e2p6lCOSMU-00232-00058901-00059194 angry with me - yeah still very angry
9e2p6lCOSMU-00233-00059195-00059422 with me okay let me try doing this this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00234-00059423-00059890 way so if I put a break statement inside
9e2p6lCOSMU-00235-00059891-00060378 this switch statement oh hello
9e2p6lCOSMU-00236-00060379-00061060 lot suck
9e2p6lCOSMU-00237-00061061-00061386 so now okay so now if I match on case
9e2p6lCOSMU-00238-00061387-00061635 zero which I am then I'm breaking the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00239-00061636-00061806 break we'll jump out of the switch
9e2p6lCOSMU-00240-00061807-00061947 statement and keep going so it's sort of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00241-00061948-00062175 like a break in a loop the break will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00242-00062176-00062460 cause me to not match the case one not
9e2p6lCOSMU-00243-00062461-00062754 match the case to keep going if I match
9e2p6lCOSMU-00244-00062755-00063054 the case one if I use one here what's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00245-00063055-00063174 going to happen well I'm going to start
9e2p6lCOSMU-00246-00063175-00063510 a case one case one prints B then I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00247-00063511-00063640 going to go down through case two case
9e2p6lCOSMU-00248-00063641-00063841 three and through the default case
9e2p6lCOSMU-00249-00063841-00063987 because I don't have any more break
9e2p6lCOSMU-00250-00063988-00064299 savings okay so I'm done talking about
9e2p6lCOSMU-00251-00064300-00064428 switch statements if you guys have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00252-00064429-00064662 questions about this ask on the forum I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00253-00064663-00064885 don't want to dwell here because we
9e2p6lCOSMU-00254-00064886-00065059 don't use these very often but I just
9e2p6lCOSMU-00255-00065060-00065376 want you to have seen okay questions
9e2p6lCOSMU-00256-00065377-00065943 about parroted programming generally so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00257-00065944-00066126 again you guys have a midterm next week
9e2p6lCOSMU-00258-00066127-00066363 that's covering this material the the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00259-00066364-00066588 midterm is identical in format to the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00260-00066589-00066729 quiz the only difference is you can't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00261-00066730-00066891 drop it it's also identical in point
9e2p6lCOSMU-00262-00066892-00067021 value so we're two percent of your grade
9e2p6lCOSMU-00263-00067022-00067518 so don't panic you know it is designed
9e2p6lCOSMU-00264-00067519-00067644 to be a challenge it's designed to give
9e2p6lCOSMU-00265-00067645-00067851 you a sense of you know how much of this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00266-00067852-00068022 material you've absorbed over the past
9e2p6lCOSMU-00267-00068023-00068335 month or so but it's going to be the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00268-00068336-00068454 difference between the midterm and the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00269-00068455-00068572 quizzes the midterm is going to be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00270-00068573-00068809 cumulative so the midterm anything up to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00271-00068810-00068901 this point is fair game
9e2p6lCOSMU-00272-00068902-00069138 it's not going to focus as much on the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00273-00069139-00069711 material from the past week okay so so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00274-00069712-00069946 now for the next maybe 25 minutes or so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00275-00069947-00070119 I want to I want to sort of pull back
9e2p6lCOSMU-00276-00070120-00070338 the curtain a little bit and explain
9e2p6lCOSMU-00277-00070339-00070473 some things to you about what has been
9e2p6lCOSMU-00278-00070474-00070686 actually happening when you run your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00279-00070687-00071010 code so you've been typing code into our
9e2p6lCOSMU-00280-00071011-00071244 slide you know a little slide
9e2p6lCOSMU-00281-00071245-00071406 environment you've been typing code into
9e2p6lCOSMU-00282-00071407-00071503 prayer wheeler and you've been typing
9e2p6lCOSMU-00283-00071504-00071734 code into Android studio and then you've
9e2p6lCOSMU-00284-00071735-00071935 been running it you know in various ways
9e2p6lCOSMU-00285-00071936-00072249 hitting submit on pretty learn maybe
9e2p6lCOSMU-00286-00072250-00072381 hitting the play button on Android
9e2p6lCOSMU-00287-00072382-00072591 studio or just hitting return on our
9e2p6lCOSMU-00288-00072592-00072891 slide decks what is actually going on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00289-00072892-00073191 when you do this what are the steps that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00290-00073192-00073476 are involved in taking the code that you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00291-00073477-00073692 wrote in this java programming language
9e2p6lCOSMU-00292-00073693-00073818 that we're all learning together and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00293-00073819-00074103 actually having a machine executed what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00294-00074104-00074373 is actually going on and again there's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00295-00074374-00074443 two reasons
9e2p6lCOSMU-00296-00074444-00074568 talk about this one is that it's cool
9e2p6lCOSMU-00297-00074569-00074763 and it's interesting the second is that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00298-00074764-00074988 it will help you understand a little bit
9e2p6lCOSMU-00299-00074989-00075219 about what goes wrong and what can go
9e2p6lCOSMU-00300-00075220-00075726 wrong when your code is run okay so and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00301-00075727-00075837 again you know if you're a computer
9e2p6lCOSMU-00302-00075838-00075940 scientist part of your job just be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00303-00075941-00076212 curious about things right and this will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00304-00076213-00076455 also clear up some confusion
9e2p6lCOSMU-00305-00076456-00076873 so I'm also gonna try to avoid going too
9e2p6lCOSMU-00306-00076874-00077043 into a massive amount of detail here
9e2p6lCOSMU-00307-00077044-00077260 this is really interesting and you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00308-00077261-00077422 if you have questions come by office
9e2p6lCOSMU-00309-00077423-00077580 hours ask on the forum or whatever be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00310-00077581-00077716 happy to tell you more about this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00311-00077717-00077868 there's some people that are involved
9e2p6lCOSMU-00312-00077869-00078051 with the class this semester some of the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00313-00078052-00078217 CAS that are really interested in this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00314-00078218-00078373 kind of thing they probably will chime
9e2p6lCOSMU-00315-00078374-00078559 in and give you really long interesting
9e2p6lCOSMU-00316-00078560-00078663 the answers to questions that you might
9e2p6lCOSMU-00317-00078664-00078811 have about this but I'm gonna try to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00318-00078812-00079105 provide a very high-level overview with
9e2p6lCOSMU-00319-00079106-00079342 an eye to having it be useful to you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00320-00079343-00079892 again as you encounter problems okay so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00321-00079893-00080331 here's what happens when you run your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00322-00080332-00080386 code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00323-00080387-00080635 I've been sometimes I slip up I've been
9e2p6lCOSMU-00324-00080636-00080797 trying to say when you execute your code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00325-00080798-00080959 or when you run your code but there's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00326-00080960-00081166 actually two things that happen there's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00327-00081167-00081466 two separate steps to this process that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00328-00081467-00081732 are both you know extremely distinct and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00329-00081733-00082032 both important we've been lumping them
9e2p6lCOSMU-00330-00082033-00082228 together because we haven't talked about
9e2p6lCOSMU-00331-00082229-00082419 this yet we haven't explained it but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00332-00082420-00082599 when you run code like when you type
9e2p6lCOSMU-00333-00082600-00082743 code into our slide tool and hit enter
9e2p6lCOSMU-00334-00082744-00082968 it's actually two things that happen two
9e2p6lCOSMU-00335-00082969-00083280 independent steps so the first thing is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00336-00083281-00083548 there's a piece of software that's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00337-00083549-00083832 called the java compiler this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00338-00083833-00084085 computer code written by somebody and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00339-00084086-00084409 maintained by somebody that compiles
9e2p6lCOSMU-00340-00084410-00084624 your code so this is a first step in the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00341-00084625-00084987 process is called compilation what does
9e2p6lCOSMU-00342-00084988-00085315 that mean in Java what it means is that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00343-00085316-00085465 we're taking your Java source code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00344-00085466-00085591 written in the Java programming language
9e2p6lCOSMU-00345-00085592-00085915 and we're translating it or we're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00346-00085916-00086061 compiling it into a different
9e2p6lCOSMU-00347-00086062-00086334 representation of the same code that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00348-00086335-00086649 representation is in to what is really
9e2p6lCOSMU-00349-00086650-00086809 kind of another programming language a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00350-00086810-00087054 much simpler one that's called Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00351-00087055-00087310 bytecode so this is the first step I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00352-00087311-00087506 have to take your Java source code and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00353-00087507-00087804 compile it into Java bytecode I'm going
9e2p6lCOSMU-00354-00087805-00087823 to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00355-00087824-00087949 show you some examples of this in a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00356-00087950-00088321 minute errors that happen here are
9e2p6lCOSMU-00357-00088322-00088624 called compiler errors so you guys have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00358-00088625-00088771 seen these you've seen them on the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00359-00088772-00088969 slides you've seen them in prayer room
9e2p6lCOSMU-00360-00088970-00089218 you've seen them on Android studio when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00361-00089219-00089488 the compiler generates an error it means
9e2p6lCOSMU-00362-00089489-00089710 that usually there's something syntactic
9e2p6lCOSMU-00363-00089711-00089968 ly incorrect about your code I'll show
9e2p6lCOSMU-00364-00089969-00090138 you some compiler errors in a minute but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00365-00090139-00090328 you've encountered them already what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00366-00090329-00090490 does that mean it means the compiler
9e2p6lCOSMU-00367-00090491-00090715 this piece of software couldn't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00368-00090716-00090919 understand what you tried to write and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00369-00090920-00091236 there's a lot of reasons that can happen
9e2p6lCOSMU-00370-00091237-00091546 if your code has compressed compiler
9e2p6lCOSMU-00371-00091547-00091750 errors there's no way to execute it so I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00372-00091751-00091966 can't go any farther this compilation
9e2p6lCOSMU-00373-00091967-00092248 step is required to get to the point
9e2p6lCOSMU-00374-00092249-00092413 where I can actually execute the code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00375-00092414-00092685 you wrote and so you know somebody was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00376-00092686-00092893 you know we'll talk a little bit about
9e2p6lCOSMU-00377-00092894-00093121 you know how to deal with this on in the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00378-00093122-00093313 quiz environment right but someone's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00379-00093314-00093475 asking well if I make small mistakes on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00380-00093476-00093640 the quiz can I get partial credit and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00381-00093641-00093835 this is that this is the sad reality of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00382-00093836-00094048 the situation if you make mistakes that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00383-00094049-00094285 prevent the compiler from being able to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00384-00094286-00094468 compile your code there's no way for us
9e2p6lCOSMU-00385-00094469-00094750 to test it at all right it won't run you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00386-00094751-00094932 can't get past this point so there are
9e2p6lCOSMU-00387-00094933-00095082 certain types of small mistakes you can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00388-00095083-00095254 make when you're writing code that leave
9e2p6lCOSMU-00389-00095255-00095503 us completely unable to execute it so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00390-00095504-00095647 even if we did want to give you partial
9e2p6lCOSMU-00391-00095648-00095821 credit by you know giving you some
9e2p6lCOSMU-00392-00095822-00095982 points for some simpler test cases and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00393-00095983-00096178 we will do this on the midterm we can't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00394-00096179-00096388 because the compiler doesn't understand
9e2p6lCOSMU-00395-00096389-00096805 your code once the compiler has finished
9e2p6lCOSMU-00396-00096806-00096988 so if your code is syntactically correct
9e2p6lCOSMU-00397-00096989-00097261 and the compiler can't understand it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00398-00097262-00097579 then the output from the compiler so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00399-00097580-00097825 this special representation of your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00400-00097826-00098094 called called bytecode is then executed
9e2p6lCOSMU-00401-00098095-00098365 by another piece of software called the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00402-00098366-00098635 Java Virtual Machine and I will again
9e2p6lCOSMU-00403-00098636-00098740 we'll come back and talk about a little
9e2p6lCOSMU-00404-00098741-00098905 bit why this why this works this way
9e2p6lCOSMU-00405-00098906-00099172 right but there are two steps here okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-00406-00099173-00099541 an error that occurs at that stage is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00407-00099542-00099721 sometimes called a runtime error because
9e2p6lCOSMU-00408-00099722-00099973 it occurs when your program runs so we
9e2p6lCOSMU-00409-00099974-00100182 distinguish between compiler errors
9e2p6lCOSMU-00410-00100183-00100444 compilation errors that occur during the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00411-00100445-00100782 first step and runtime errors and these
9e2p6lCOSMU-00412-00100783-00101001 two classes of errors are very distinct
9e2p6lCOSMU-00413-00101002-00101204 and they're very important from a soft
9e2p6lCOSMU-00414-00101205-00101344 development perspective the difference
9e2p6lCOSMU-00415-00101345-00101516 between we'll come back and talk about
9e2p6lCOSMU-00416-00101517-00101843 them a little bit more in a minute okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-00417-00101844-00102163 so so let me give you an example of a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00418-00102164-00102602 compiler error all right so if I try to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00419-00102603-00102971 run this code in our script executor
9e2p6lCOSMU-00420-00102972-00103354 environment sorry this is this is out of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00421-00103355-00103697 date that should say mp1 okay all right
9e2p6lCOSMU-00422-00103698-00104167 so I'm trying to finish mp1 this is like
9e2p6lCOSMU-00423-00104168-00104380 so it's essentially that when we when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00424-00104381-00104644 you you can try to submit this the first
9e2p6lCOSMU-00425-00104645-00104753 thing that's gonna happen is I'm gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00426-00104754-00104981 give this to the Java compiler I'm gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00427-00104982-00105163 say see what you can make of this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00428-00105164-00105579 alright and what it's gonna say is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00429-00105580-00105932 something totally like it has no idea
9e2p6lCOSMU-00430-00105933-00106076 what you're talking about you can't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00431-00106077-00106238 communicate with the compiler like this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00432-00106239-00106370 maybe someday
9e2p6lCOSMU-00433-00106371-00106721 right who knows within your lifetime we
9e2p6lCOSMU-00434-00106722-00106900 may have these incredibly intuitive
9e2p6lCOSMU-00435-00106901-00107086 programming languages that allow you to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00436-00107088-00107270 write code like you would write text
9e2p6lCOSMU-00437-00107271-00107491 like your computer please finish the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00438-00107492-00107672 project that's due tomorrow thank you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00439-00107673-00107852 you know you'd have to say thank you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00440-00107853-00107972 though right if you don't say thank you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00441-00107973-00108290 it will work right expects to be and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00442-00108291-00108452 there's there's a digression that could
9e2p6lCOSMU-00443-00108453-00108581 go down here that I won't but there is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00444-00108582-00108713 like a weird programming language it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00445-00108714-00108914 forces you to say thank you and it is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00446-00108915-00109271 I'm serious you look it up it people
9e2p6lCOSMU-00447-00109272-00109424 people actually develop a weird
9e2p6lCOSMU-00448-00109425-00109585 programming languages for fun I don't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00449-00109586-00109711 know that's a strange thing to do I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00450-00109713-00109913 think but people do that right so one of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00451-00109914-00110086 them one of the requirements was if you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00452-00110088-00110240 didn't say thank you often enough it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00453-00110241-00110444 wouldn't work right if you said thank
9e2p6lCOSMU-00454-00110445-00110639 you too much it would also not work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00455-00110640-00110804 right because then it would be like oh
9e2p6lCOSMU-00456-00110805-00110996 you know you're kissing you know you're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00457-00110997-00111299 kissing up to me anyway Java doesn't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00458-00111300-00111554 work that way but it also won't compile
9e2p6lCOSMU-00459-00111555-00111715 this code so this is not syntactically
9e2p6lCOSMU-00460-00111716-00111950 correct Java code is and the error
9e2p6lCOSMU-00461-00111951-00112111 message here that I'm getting is not
9e2p6lCOSMU-00462-00112113-00112394 particularly useful right it has no idea
9e2p6lCOSMU-00463-00112395-00112658 what to make of this the Java compiler
9e2p6lCOSMU-00464-00112658-00113102 cannot compile human language right okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-00465-00113103-00113393 that probably doesn't surprise us here's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00466-00113394-00113608 another example of a compiler error so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00467-00113609-00113789 now at least we're making a you know a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00468-00113790-00114159 reasonable attempt to write java code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00469-00114160-00114558 but the compiler also will point out
9e2p6lCOSMU-00470-00114558-00114747 with our code and what's the problem
9e2p6lCOSMU-00471-00114748-00115020 with the code here that the compiler is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00472-00115021-00115791 going to point out yeah well I haven't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00473-00115792-00116004 yeah so I have a string literal to the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00474-00116005-00116133 right side of this assignment
9e2p6lCOSMU-00475-00116133-00116459 it's called finish empty one now and I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00476-00116460-00116660 trying to assign it to an int variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00477-00116661-00116898 I'm gonna use this again watch out right
9e2p6lCOSMU-00478-00116899-00117081 so on the left side I've got this int
9e2p6lCOSMU-00479-00117082-00117432 called instructions and I'm trying to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00480-00117433-00117540 initialize it with the string literal
9e2p6lCOSMU-00481-00117541-00117833 and so the Java compiler here different
9e2p6lCOSMU-00482-00117834-00117948 programming languages work differently
9e2p6lCOSMU-00483-00117949-00118203 but the Java compiler has been
9e2p6lCOSMU-00484-00118204-00118323 programmed in such a way that it will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00485-00118324-00118638 not allow me to do this it will it will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00486-00118639-00118784 say something is wrong with this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00487-00118785-00118950 statement and this time the error
9e2p6lCOSMU-00488-00118951-00119133 message is a little bit more useful
9e2p6lCOSMU-00489-00119133-00119408 because I'm actually trying to write
9e2p6lCOSMU-00490-00119409-00119682 real Java code so in this case again I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00491-00119683-00119880 have a cop of a compiler error
9e2p6lCOSMU-00492-00119881-00120158 this is compilation fail and then it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00493-00120159-00120369 tells me the line number and assignment
9e2p6lCOSMU-00494-00120370-00120555 conversion not possible from type string
9e2p6lCOSMU-00495-00120556-00120789 to type int so what it's saying here is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00496-00120790-00120975 that I've got a string on the right side
9e2p6lCOSMU-00497-00120976-00121140 and I've got an int variable on the left
9e2p6lCOSMU-00498-00121141-00121368 side and I can't convert those I won't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00499-00121369-00121716 convert important no no how so this is a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00500-00121717-00122001 compiler this code never executed it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00501-00122002-00122690 didn't compile okay so what about this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00502-00122691-00123114 will this code compile is it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00503-00123115-00123348 syntactically correct Java code I've got
9e2p6lCOSMU-00504-00123349-00123549 a variable called string I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00505-00123550-00123864 initializing it to null that's special
9e2p6lCOSMU-00506-00123865-00124152 value that indicates that that variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00507-00124153-00124380 refers to nothing and then I'm printing
9e2p6lCOSMU-00508-00124381-00124914 its length will this code compile this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00509-00124915-00125210 is syntactically correct Java code and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00510-00125211-00125379 the compiler will allow me to compile
9e2p6lCOSMU-00511-00125380-00125703 this code now you might wonder why can I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00512-00125704-00125933 do this isn't the compiler smart enough
9e2p6lCOSMU-00513-00125934-00126216 to realize that I created a variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00514-00126217-00126399 called s I initialize it to null and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00515-00126400-00126507 then I'm trying to use one of its
9e2p6lCOSMU-00516-00126508-00126685 methods this is not going to work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00517-00126686-00127092 but this does not produce a compiler
9e2p6lCOSMU-00518-00127093-00127548 error now what I'm getting is what's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00519-00127549-00127749 called a runtime error an execution
9e2p6lCOSMU-00520-00127750-00127854 failure
9e2p6lCOSMU-00521-00127855-00128130 so this code compiled fine that was not
9e2p6lCOSMU-00522-00128131-00128394 the problem the problem is when Java ran
9e2p6lCOSMU-00523-00128395-00128718 it it encountered this problem the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00524-00128719-00128925 problem in encounter was because I took
9e2p6lCOSMU-00525-00128926-00129192 a object I initialized it to know just
9e2p6lCOSMU-00526-00129193-00129324 that special value that indicates that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00527-00129325-00129576 there's no actual object there and then
9e2p6lCOSMU-00528-00129577-00129732 I tried to use in this case one of its
9e2p6lCOSMU-00529-00129733-00129918 methods called length and this will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00530-00129919-00130257 cause a runtime error so this air was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00531-00130258-00130479 not caught when I tried to compile the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00532-00130480-00130679 code this is really important
9e2p6lCOSMU-00533-00130680-00130899 instead it occurred when I tried to run
9e2p6lCOSMU-00534-00130900-00131241 it when you guys use prairie learn when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00535-00131242-00131427 use Android studio when we do this in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00536-00131428-00131616 class these two steps are lumped
9e2p6lCOSMU-00537-00131617-00131853 together so when you submit code through
9e2p6lCOSMU-00538-00131854-00132066 our slide pray round we compile it and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00539-00132067-00132312 then we try to run it right away and so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00540-00132313-00132522 it's easy to confuse these two stages
9e2p6lCOSMU-00541-00132523-00132774 but the output from this tool is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00542-00132775-00132945 designed to help you figure out what
9e2p6lCOSMU-00543-00132946-00133140 happens so this says execution failed
9e2p6lCOSMU-00544-00133141-00133362 and then it gives you some information
9e2p6lCOSMU-00545-00133363-00133920 about what happened so one of the things
9e2p6lCOSMU-00546-00133921-00134310 that's happened in the you know decades
9e2p6lCOSMU-00547-00134311-00134535 since Java came out and this is a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00548-00134536-00134774 feature of modern programming languages
9e2p6lCOSMU-00549-00134775-00135126 is when we design programming languages
9e2p6lCOSMU-00550-00135127-00135249 and we particularly when we design
9e2p6lCOSMU-00551-00135250-00135723 compilers we want to take errors that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00552-00135724-00136098 might occur at runtime and transform
9e2p6lCOSMU-00553-00136099-00136530 them into compiler errors so ideally the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00554-00136531-00136866 command this is not possible but it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00555-00136867-00137073 more possible now than it was a few
9e2p6lCOSMU-00556-00137074-00137151 decades ago
9e2p6lCOSMU-00557-00137152-00137412 ideally any problem that your program
9e2p6lCOSMU-00558-00137413-00137589 would run into as it runs that would
9e2p6lCOSMU-00559-00137590-00137856 cause it to crash or fail would be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00560-00137857-00138053 identified when we compiled your code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00561-00138054-00138381 that's again that's impossible but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00562-00138382-00138612 there's a larger and larger category of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00563-00138613-00138777 errors that we're trying to move from
9e2p6lCOSMU-00564-00138778-00138957 being runtime errors to compile time
9e2p6lCOSMU-00565-00138958-00139457 errors why is this yeah
9e2p6lCOSMU-00566-00139458-00139670 okay so it does make them easier to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00567-00139671-00140713 clean up but y-yeah
9e2p6lCOSMU-00568-00140714-00142163 [Music]
9e2p6lCOSMU-00569-00142164-00142477 exactly yeah so that's exactly why
9e2p6lCOSMU-00570-00142478-00142688 compiler errors happen when you're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00571-00142689-00142952 developing your code they happen when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00572-00142953-00143191 some software developer you someday is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00573-00143192-00143351 sitting at a desk or standing a desk
9e2p6lCOSMU-00574-00143352-00143558 somewhere you know in Seattle or Silicon
9e2p6lCOSMU-00575-00143559-00143711 Valley or Berlin or wherever you are
9e2p6lCOSMU-00576-00143712-00143921 right and you're working on the code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00577-00143922-00144154 you're compiling it that's when those
9e2p6lCOSMU-00578-00144155-00144437 arrows get caught that's way before
9e2p6lCOSMU-00579-00144438-00144677 anybody has tried to use your app it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00580-00144678-00144845 way before you've deployed it that's way
9e2p6lCOSMU-00581-00144846-00145040 before you know a million people have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00582-00145041-00145187 downloaded it and installed it on their
9e2p6lCOSMU-00583-00145188-00145469 phones and run it so if you can catch
9e2p6lCOSMU-00584-00145470-00145715 those errors during compile time when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00585-00145716-00146078 you're developing then they'll never
9e2p6lCOSMU-00586-00146079-00146534 occur when a client or you know a user
9e2p6lCOSMU-00587-00146535-00146753 or somebody runs the code so that's why
9e2p6lCOSMU-00588-00146754-00146927 runtime errors are so problematic
9e2p6lCOSMU-00589-00146928-00147190 because a runtime error causes your app
9e2p6lCOSMU-00590-00147191-00147458 to crash when someone tries to use it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00591-00147459-00147611 how many people have downloaded an app
9e2p6lCOSMU-00592-00147612-00147794 from the App Store and like the first
9e2p6lCOSMU-00593-00147795-00148003 time you open it it crashes right away
9e2p6lCOSMU-00594-00148004-00148321 what do you do with that app uninstall
9e2p6lCOSMU-00595-00148322-00148598 right doesn't work you know there's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00596-00148599-00148697 nothing I can do with it right
9e2p6lCOSMU-00597-00148698-00149081 if whoever created that app knew that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00598-00149082-00149210 that was going to happen when they were
9e2p6lCOSMU-00599-00149211-00149438 working on it they could have fixed
9e2p6lCOSMU-00600-00149439-00149687 whatever problem you run into you ran
9e2p6lCOSMU-00601-00149688-00149864 into and you never would have had that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00602-00149865-00150166 experience but as a user that experience
9e2p6lCOSMU-00603-00150167-00150340 even how many people have downloaded an
9e2p6lCOSMU-00604-00150341-00150494 app and it seems to work kind of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00605-00150495-00150632 sometimes but there are times when it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00606-00150633-00150935 crashes so again that might also be
9e2p6lCOSMU-00607-00150936-00151214 headed for the trash depends so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00608-00151215-00151364 sometimes you're stuck it's like the app
9e2p6lCOSMU-00609-00151365-00151499 that came with this stupid robotic
9e2p6lCOSMU-00610-00151500-00151654 vacuum that you bought so it's like too
9e2p6lCOSMU-00611-00151655-00151808 bad it crashes there's no wonder way to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00612-00151809-00152033 use it but if you have other choices you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00613-00152034-00152222 might think yeah you know let's say it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00614-00152223-00152426 a mail client there's like ten different
9e2p6lCOSMU-00615-00152427-00152618 20 different 30 different mail clients
9e2p6lCOSMU-00616-00152619-00152728 out there that I can use on my phone
9e2p6lCOSMU-00617-00152729-00152878 maybe I'll get just go get another one
9e2p6lCOSMU-00618-00152879-00153035 right because this one doesn't seem to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00619-00153036-00153353 work so these companies compile time
9e2p6lCOSMU-00620-00153354-00153638 errors are easy to catch during the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00621-00153639-00153824 development process and anything that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00622-00153825-00154028 can catch during compile time are things
9e2p6lCOSMU-00623-00154029-00154328 that I don't expose to users they're
9e2p6lCOSMU-00624-00154329-00154658 bugs that the user will never see and so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00625-00154659-00154874 again you might wonder and this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00626-00154875-00155039 partly the result of the fact that Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00627-00155040-00155228 is a fairly old language and the Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00628-00155229-00155534 compiler was designed at a time
9e2p6lCOSMU-00629-00155535-00155792 computers were a lot slower so you might
9e2p6lCOSMU-00630-00155793-00156047 again you might wonder why on earth can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00631-00156048-00156299 I do this I wonder this - there's no
9e2p6lCOSMU-00632-00156300-00156578 good answer to this this code will
9e2p6lCOSMU-00633-00156579-00156821 compile so you could create an app that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00634-00156822-00157223 in its oncreate method did this and you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00635-00157224-00157499 could put it on the app store and your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00636-00157500-00157715 friends could download it and you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00637-00157716-00157889 exactly what's gonna happen when it runs
9e2p6lCOSMU-00638-00157890-00158108 right I have a variable called asset I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00639-00158109-00158222 initialize to no and then I call a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00640-00158223-00158453 method on immediately there's no way for
9e2p6lCOSMU-00641-00158454-00158753 this code not to fail so you might
9e2p6lCOSMU-00642-00158754-00158933 wonder why does Java allow me to do this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00643-00158934-00159230 it's a great question it's not a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00644-00159231-00159368 question that I have a good answer to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00645-00159369-00159635 complain to the Java people there are
9e2p6lCOSMU-00646-00159636-00159872 newer languages though where this code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00647-00159873-00160178 will not compile because the compiler is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00648-00160179-00160445 smart enough to realize hey wait you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00649-00160446-00160601 know I don't know if you're just dumb it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00650-00160602-00160838 or not a program or it's really late at
9e2p6lCOSMU-00651-00160839-00161036 night or your partner checked in this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00652-00161037-00161303 code or whatever but this is a clear
9e2p6lCOSMU-00653-00161304-00161534 problem I can tell what's gonna happen
9e2p6lCOSMU-00654-00161535-00161726 here I shouldn't compile this code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00655-00161727-00161942 because it's never going to work always
9e2p6lCOSMU-00656-00161943-00162185 gonna cause a problem but again the fact
9e2p6lCOSMU-00657-00162186-00162359 that I can do this with Java is a legacy
9e2p6lCOSMU-00658-00162360-00162638 a little bit of the age of this language
9e2p6lCOSMU-00659-00162639-00163025 and where it came from okay so let me do
9e2p6lCOSMU-00660-00163026-00163151 a quick demo here I want to show you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00661-00163152-00163397 guys the pieces of this of this tool
9e2p6lCOSMU-00662-00163398-00163583 chain so I'm gonna turn this guy off for
9e2p6lCOSMU-00663-00163584-00164216 a minute and then I'm going to cast my
9e2p6lCOSMU-00664-00164217-00164516 whole desktop so that you can see okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-00665-00164517-00164867 so can people read this should I make it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00666-00164868-00165270 bigger make it bigger
9e2p6lCOSMU-00667-00165271-00165959 how about that good in the back okay so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00668-00165960-00166206 don't be scared by the environment but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00669-00166207-00166410 this is how I work I'm older than you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00670-00166411-00166671 are right so what I'm going to do here
9e2p6lCOSMU-00671-00166672-00166932 is I'm going to create a file I'm gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00672-00166933-00167166 call this example Java and I'm gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-00673-00167167-00167751 edit it to contain some Java code I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00674-00167752-00168249 adding this special magic method that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00675-00168250-00168564 I'm gonna talk about in a minute and I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00676-00168565-00168969 gonna do here is call I have to spell it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00677-00168970-00169532 right all I want this program to do is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00678-00169533-00169959 print HelloWorld to the console system
9e2p6lCOSMU-00679-00169960-00170280 dot out dot print line works here too so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00680-00170281-00170526 now I've got let me show you this I've
9e2p6lCOSMU-00681-00170527-00170721 got a file containing some valid Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00682-00170722-00171090 code that's what you guys do and then
9e2p6lCOSMU-00683-00171091-00171249 there's two steps of this process I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00684-00171250-00171519 promise the first one is compiling it so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00685-00171520-00171776 I'm gonna run a program called Java C
9e2p6lCOSMU-00686-00171777-00172218 that is the Java compiler and I'm going
9e2p6lCOSMU-00687-00172219-00172476 to ask it to compile the code contained
9e2p6lCOSMU-00688-00172477-00172761 in this file and if I've done my work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00689-00172762-00172949 properly
9e2p6lCOSMU-00690-00172950-00173286 it's done if it doesn't complain it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00691-00173287-00173661 means it succeeded what happened well
9e2p6lCOSMU-00692-00173662-00173919 let me look at the code in this file
9e2p6lCOSMU-00693-00173920-00174216 again it's the same so I told you that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00694-00174217-00174504 the Java compiler produces something
9e2p6lCOSMU-00695-00174505-00174711 from this source code it takes it and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00696-00174712-00174912 creates bytecode so where did the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00697-00174913-00175359 bytecode go the bytecode I'll show you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00698-00175360-00175392 something
9e2p6lCOSMU-00699-00175393-00175566 there's a new file in this directory
9e2p6lCOSMU-00700-00175567-00175734 when I started there were no files in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00701-00175735-00175797 this directory
9e2p6lCOSMU-00702-00175798-00176031 I created a file called example dot Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00703-00176032-00176265 that's my code there's now a new file in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00704-00176266-00176462 this directory called example dot class
9e2p6lCOSMU-00705-00176463-00176957 that is Java bytecode if I try to just
9e2p6lCOSMU-00706-00176958-00177393 look at this directly it's not going to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00707-00177394-00177705 be yeah so that's like if you tried to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00708-00177706-00177834 open this up in a text editor
9e2p6lCOSMU-00709-00177835-00178173 not not very useful but there is a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00710-00178174-00178461 little program that comes with Java that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00711-00178462-00178626 allows me to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00712-00178627-00179031 peek at the bytecode that's contained so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00713-00179032-00179262 what this program does is it prints off
9e2p6lCOSMU-00714-00179263-00179535 the contents of this file so what the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00715-00179536-00179799 compiler is done is it's taken my code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00716-00179800-00179979 that I wrote in the Java programming
9e2p6lCOSMU-00717-00179980-00180165 languages problem part limited and this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00718-00180166-00180411 is now what's called Java bytecode and I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00719-00180412-00180573 don't understand you guys to expect it a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00720-00180574-00180708 little bit I don't expect you guys to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00721-00180709-00180858 understand this I just want you to show
9e2p6lCOSMU-00722-00180859-00181011 you what's in here so this is a series
9e2p6lCOSMU-00723-00181012-00181296 of simpler instructions that are now
9e2p6lCOSMU-00724-00181297-00181635 ready to be run okay so my code compile
9e2p6lCOSMU-00725-00181636-00181899 they got through stage one now let's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00726-00181900-00182184 execute it so to execute it I use this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00727-00182185-00182566 program called the java virtual machine
9e2p6lCOSMU-00728-00182567-00182916 so before I ran Java C that's the Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00729-00182917-00183216 compiler now I'm just running Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00730-00183217-00183582 that's the java virtual machine okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-00731-00183583-00183762 I'll explain that a minute and that is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00732-00183763-00183948 what's going to execute my code OOP
9e2p6lCOSMU-00733-00183949-00184544 sorry there we go so print hello world
9e2p6lCOSMU-00734-00184545-00184863 okay good so that and and these are the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00735-00184864-00185091 two steps that we perform and pretty
9e2p6lCOSMU-00736-00185092-00185283 much using these exact programs
9e2p6lCOSMU-00737-00185284-00185502 particularly when you submit things like
9e2p6lCOSMU-00738-00185503-00185649 the homework problems and this is what's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00739-00185650-00185919 happening behind the curtain when you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00740-00185920-00186243 use Android studio so let's say I made a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00741-00186244-00186726 mistake in my java file I'll just get
9e2p6lCOSMU-00742-00186727-00187089 rid of a semi Cole now when I try to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00743-00187090-00187316 compile it you're gonna see an error
9e2p6lCOSMU-00744-00187317-00187494 message and this is being pretty similar
9e2p6lCOSMU-00745-00187495-00187644 to the types of error messages you guys
9e2p6lCOSMU-00746-00187645-00187850 have seen in other types of environments
9e2p6lCOSMU-00747-00187851-00188165 but the problem here is that my code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00748-00188166-00188376 didn't compile and let me get rid of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00749-00188377-00188682 that class file that I created before so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00750-00188683-00188931 you'll see if I try to compile code in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00751-00188932-00189339 Java that won't compile the Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00752-00189340-00189527 compiler doesn't create any output
9e2p6lCOSMU-00753-00189528-00189849 because this is invalid right so it says
9e2p6lCOSMU-00754-00189850-00190095 I can't generate the output I want to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00755-00190096-00190422 because your code has a problem if I fix
9e2p6lCOSMU-00756-00190423-00190813 that problem
9e2p6lCOSMU-00757-00190814-00191192 and try compiling the code again now it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00758-00191193-00191414 works and you'll see that this output
9e2p6lCOSMU-00759-00191415-00191750 file has been created so these are the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00760-00191751-00191891 building blocks and again I know this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00761-00191892-00192122 scary the environment scary you guys
9e2p6lCOSMU-00762-00192123-00192269 will learn more about how to use your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00763-00192270-00192533 computer this way when you get to 126 or
9e2p6lCOSMU-00764-00192534-00192935 225 but but these are these little
9e2p6lCOSMU-00765-00192936-00193118 pieces of software that are involved in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00766-00193119-00193340 this process right Java compiler and the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00767-00193341-00193778 java virtual machine ok so going back to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00768-00193779-00194438 the slides now I'm gonna stop this cool
9e2p6lCOSMU-00769-00194439-00194732 ok so there's a little demo with Java C
9e2p6lCOSMU-00770-00194733-00195008 alright so that was a compiler and then
9e2p6lCOSMU-00771-00195009-00195155 this thing called the java virtual
9e2p6lCOSMU-00772-00195156-00195226 machine
9e2p6lCOSMU-00773-00195227-00195911 ok so another mini digression think I'll
9e2p6lCOSMU-00774-00195912-00196301 promise to keep this quick what is so in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00775-00196302-00196415 other there are other programming
9e2p6lCOSMU-00776-00196416-00196715 languages like C and C++ where what the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00777-00196716-00197138 compiler produces is actually code that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00778-00197139-00197591 a computer processor can execute so in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00779-00197592-00197822 my computer in all of your computers
9e2p6lCOSMU-00780-00197823-00198166 there is this extremely expensive
9e2p6lCOSMU-00781-00198167-00198524 extremely complex this is sort of like
9e2p6lCOSMU-00782-00198525-00198710 one of the flowerings of modern
9e2p6lCOSMU-00783-00198711-00198977 civilization right if if it you know if
9e2p6lCOSMU-00784-00198978-00199229 somehow you know we wipe ourselves out
9e2p6lCOSMU-00785-00199230-00199415 the face of the planet and aliens land
9e2p6lCOSMU-00786-00199416-00199610 here you know millions of years from now
9e2p6lCOSMU-00787-00199611-00199793 and are excavating our civilization and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00788-00199794-00200045 they find this this is one of the things
9e2p6lCOSMU-00789-00200046-00200231 that's going to impress them they
9e2p6lCOSMU-00790-00200232-00200357 probably have something like it they
9e2p6lCOSMU-00791-00200358-00200519 probably have better ones right as a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00792-00200520-00200735 computer processor this is an incredibly
9e2p6lCOSMU-00793-00200736-00201047 you know complex sophisticated piece of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00794-00201048-00201317 hardware it's not that big how many
9e2p6lCOSMU-00795-00201318-00201439 people have seen one before
9e2p6lCOSMU-00796-00201440-00201691 ok yeah I mean it's like maybe that big
9e2p6lCOSMU-00797-00201692-00202130 little piece of silicon on usually like
9e2p6lCOSMU-00798-00202131-00202415 if your laptop costs X amount of money
9e2p6lCOSMU-00799-00202416-00202703 about half of that is the processor
9e2p6lCOSMU-00800-00202704-00202919 itself it's by far the most complex
9e2p6lCOSMU-00801-00202920-00203234 costly and sophisticated part of the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00802-00203235-00203498 laptop it doesn't look like much if you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00803-00203499-00203618 don't know what it looks like and you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00804-00203619-00203783 start don't do this right because you'll
9e2p6lCOSMU-00805-00203784-00203984 never put it back together again if you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00806-00203985-00204062 took apart your
9e2p6lCOSMU-00807-00204063-00204269 top right we started digging around and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00808-00204270-00204377 you're gonna find all this stuff that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00809-00204378-00204563 looks cool and complicated but the thing
9e2p6lCOSMU-00810-00204564-00204737 that's actually doing most of the work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00811-00204738-00204926 it's nestled you know in there very
9e2p6lCOSMU-00812-00204927-00205160 carefully and again doesn't end up
9e2p6lCOSMU-00813-00205161-00205291 looking like much right you might
9e2p6lCOSMU-00814-00205292-00205625 actually miss it but other programming
9e2p6lCOSMU-00815-00205626-00205769 languages when you compile you what you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00816-00205769-00205963 end up with are actually instructions
9e2p6lCOSMU-00817-00205964-00206153 that for example this computer processor
9e2p6lCOSMU-00818-00206154-00206440 can execute in Java I don't get that I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00819-00206441-00206582 get this thing called bytecode so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00820-00206583-00206812 machine code is code that can actually
9e2p6lCOSMU-00821-00206813-00206978 be run by a machine by a computer
9e2p6lCOSMU-00822-00206979-00207283 processor byte code requires this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00823-00207284-00207704 additional piece of software so again a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00824-00207705-00207844 lot of compiled language is compiling
9e2p6lCOSMU-00825-00207846-00208004 the code that can be run by a processor
9e2p6lCOSMU-00826-00208005-00208400 job it does not instead Java forces you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00827-00208401-00208591 to run that code using another piece of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00828-00208592-00208769 software called this java virtual
9e2p6lCOSMU-00829-00208769-00209258 machine so why did this happen so again
9e2p6lCOSMU-00830-00209259-00209510 I'm gonna try to avoid going on a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00831-00209511-00209678 massive digression here but this is a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00832-00209679-00209946 super interesting story
9e2p6lCOSMU-00833-00209948-00210302 so when Java so at the time Java was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00834-00210303-00210521 being designed and created this is still
9e2p6lCOSMU-00835-00210521-00210656 true today although it's less true than
9e2p6lCOSMU-00836-00210657-00210902 it used to be different computers use
9e2p6lCOSMU-00837-00210903-00211091 different processors and those different
9e2p6lCOSMU-00838-00211092-00211325 processors use different instructions so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00839-00211326-00211565 it's almost as if you know two computers
9e2p6lCOSMU-00840-00211566-00211814 in the same room the processors speak
9e2p6lCOSMU-00841-00211815-00212066 different languages when I compile my
9e2p6lCOSMU-00842-00212067-00212279 code to machine code I have to choose
9e2p6lCOSMU-00843-00212280-00212489 whether it's gonna run on machine a or
9e2p6lCOSMU-00844-00212490-00213032 machine B and this creates a problem now
9e2p6lCOSMU-00845-00213033-00213191 this is still true today but it's true
9e2p6lCOSMU-00846-00213192-00213476 in a different way so you know thirty
9e2p6lCOSMU-00847-00213477-00213623 years ago if we went through this room
9e2p6lCOSMU-00848-00213623-00213806 and looked at your laptops like when I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00849-00213807-00213962 was in school for example
9e2p6lCOSMU-00850-00213963-00214136 Apple laptops still used a different
9e2p6lCOSMU-00851-00214137-00214490 kind of processor than PCs this is no
9e2p6lCOSMU-00852-00214491-00214615 longer the case
9e2p6lCOSMU-00853-00214616-00215096 however there is a computing device that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00854-00215096-00215258 we you have with you that uses a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00855-00215259-00215519 different kind of processor do you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00856-00215519-00216017 what it is your smartphone so today it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00857-00216017-00216146 says really interest we're in a really
9e2p6lCOSMU-00858-00216146-00216271 interesting place in computing history
9e2p6lCOSMU-00859-00216273-00216632 your laptops I would probably venture to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00860-00216633-00216994 guess 98 99 percent of them use Intel
9e2p6lCOSMU-00861-00216996-00217187 processors we've seen the commercials
9e2p6lCOSMU-00862-00217188-00217463 Intel Inside whatever your phones
9e2p6lCOSMU-00863-00217464-00217712 do not they use a line of processors
9e2p6lCOSMU-00864-00217713-00217942 from a company called are so completely
9e2p6lCOSMU-00865-00217944-00218219 so these two processors now don't speak
9e2p6lCOSMU-00866-00218219-00218552 the same language most phones use one
9e2p6lCOSMU-00867-00218553-00218765 type of processor most of your pcs use a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00868-00218766-00218915 different one and that's the again
9e2p6lCOSMU-00869-00218916-00219089 that's an interesting place that's just
9e2p6lCOSMU-00870-00219090-00219209 kind of where we are in computing
9e2p6lCOSMU-00871-00219210-00219434 history Intel spent a lot of time and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00872-00219435-00219692 energy building processes for certain
9e2p6lCOSMU-00873-00219692-00219892 types of environments and they kind of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00874-00219894-00220040 missed the boat when it came to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00875-00220041-00220178 smartphones and they're way behind in
9e2p6lCOSMU-00876-00220179-00220298 that market will they catch up I don't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00877-00220298-00220589 know we'll see but the time Java was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00878-00220590-00220712 being designed this was even more of a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00879-00220713-00221144 concern and so there was this so if I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00880-00221144-00221354 take a program that I've that I have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00881-00221355-00221558 ready so let's say you create your app
9e2p6lCOSMU-00882-00221559-00221816 and I try to run it on a phone that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00883-00221817-00222011 doesn't use that kind of processor it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00884-00222012-00222425 going to fail the idea with Java was
9e2p6lCOSMU-00885-00222426-00222769 that if I take a compiled piece of Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00886-00222771-00222983 code like that Java class file that you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00887-00222984-00223205 just saw me create I could send that to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00888-00223206-00223384 you and you could run it on your phone
9e2p6lCOSMU-00889-00223385-00223723 you could run it on a weird you know
9e2p6lCOSMU-00890-00223725-00223892 laptop I should say weird there's a lot
9e2p6lCOSMU-00891-00223892-00224030 of netbooks that don't use Intel
9e2p6lCOSMU-00892-00224031-00224162 processors you could run on your netbook
9e2p6lCOSMU-00893-00224163-00224381 you can run it anywhere so this was the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00894-00224382-00224719 Java slogan but the requirement is that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00895-00224721-00224912 that computer has to have this piece of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00896-00224913-00225142 software called the java virtual machine
9e2p6lCOSMU-00897-00225142-00225458 so and this is also when you guys
9e2p6lCOSMU-00898-00225459-00225646 installed well you actually didn't have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00899-00225648-00225803 to install Java this semester thank God
9e2p6lCOSMU-00900-00225804-00226001 that's a lot we still have to install
9e2p6lCOSMU-00901-00226002-00226142 Java as part of getting you set up to
9e2p6lCOSMU-00902-00226142-00226628 work on emps now we don't but if you've
9e2p6lCOSMU-00903-00226629-00226775 installed Java you might have wondered
9e2p6lCOSMU-00904-00226776-00226904 like what's the difference between the
9e2p6lCOSMU-00905-00226905-00227066 Java or software development kit and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00906-00227067-00227246 what's called the Java runtime
9e2p6lCOSMU-00907-00227246-00227375 environment so the Java runtime
9e2p6lCOSMU-00908-00227376-00227516 environment does not include the Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00909-00227517-00227708 compiler it only includes the java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00910-00227709-00227933 virtual machine the java software
9e2p6lCOSMU-00911-00227934-00228059 development kit is what you need if
9e2p6lCOSMU-00912-00228060-00228260 you're going to build java programs it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00913-00228261-00228485 still includes the java virtual machine
9e2p6lCOSMU-00914-00228486-00228626 so you can run the programs that you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00915-00228627-00228917 create but it also includes the java
9e2p6lCOSMU-00916-00228917-00229271 compiler that java c program and this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00917-00229271-00229721 was java slogan right once run anywhere
9e2p6lCOSMU-00918-00229721-00230023 that was the goal behind java when this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00919-00230025-00230237 language was designed you know many
9e2p6lCOSMU-00920-00230238-00230451 years ago
9e2p6lCOSMU-00921-00230452-00230667 now one of the things you know I said
9e2p6lCOSMU-00922-00230667-00230784 before that's happening is this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00923-00230785-00231021 computers get faster compilers are also
9e2p6lCOSMU-00924-00231021-00231444 getting more powerful and this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00925-00231444-00231612 starting to have an effect on Java too
9e2p6lCOSMU-00926-00231613-00231756 so I just want to show you this because
9e2p6lCOSMU-00927-00231757-00232017 this is sort of fun right maybe I should
9e2p6lCOSMU-00928-00232017-00232176 start changing the course to accommodate
9e2p6lCOSMU-00929-00232177-00232996 for this but this is now valid Java code
9e2p6lCOSMU-00930-00232998-00233226 what's wrong with this if I put this on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00931-00233227-00233466 a quiz and said you know is this valid
9e2p6lCOSMU-00932-00233467-00233862 Java what would you say what's wrong
9e2p6lCOSMU-00933-00233863-00234063 with this looks like Java Script
9e2p6lCOSMU-00934-00234064-00234510 yeah what's bar right so I have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00935-00234511-00234657 something that looks like a variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00936-00234658-00234738 definition
9e2p6lCOSMU-00937-00234739-00234921 sorry declaration and initialization I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00938-00234921-00235104 have something called integer value that
9e2p6lCOSMU-00939-00235105-00235323 looks like the name I am an assignment
9e2p6lCOSMU-00940-00235323-00235542 to the right to five what kind of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00941-00235542-00235985 literal is five it's an int literal so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00942-00235986-00236364 what am I missing here aren't I supposed
9e2p6lCOSMU-00943-00236365-00236580 to also have to tell Java that this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00944-00236581-00237171 an int so what is this bar thing turns
9e2p6lCOSMU-00945-00237171-00237663 out this is valid Java code so a new
9e2p6lCOSMU-00946-00237664-00237813 version of Java two came out last year
9e2p6lCOSMU-00947-00237814-00238062 called Java ten introduced something
9e2p6lCOSMU-00948-00238063-00238251 that's called local variable type
9e2p6lCOSMU-00949-00238252-00238503 inference that's a mouthful what does
9e2p6lCOSMU-00950-00238504-00238634 that mean so you might have wondered
9e2p6lCOSMU-00951-00238635-00238998 when you write this code you're actually
9e2p6lCOSMU-00952-00238998-00239262 telling Java that integer value is an
9e2p6lCOSMU-00953-00239263-00239652 int twice the first way you tell it is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00954-00239653-00239790 you have to declare it as an int and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00955-00239791-00239928 then the second way you're telling it is
9e2p6lCOSMU-00956-00239929-00240138 you're assigning it to five which is an
9e2p6lCOSMU-00957-00240139-00240321 int literal so you might have wondered
9e2p6lCOSMU-00958-00240321-00240501 like why do I have to do this why isn't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00959-00240502-00240719 dice and Java smart enough to realize if
9e2p6lCOSMU-00960-00240721-00240977 I create a variable and as soon as I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00961-00240978-00241259 declare it I also initialize it to a
9e2p6lCOSMU-00962-00241260-00241542 literal value that that's the type of
9e2p6lCOSMU-00963-00241542-00241962 that variable so now you can do this for
9e2p6lCOSMU-00964-00241963-00242166 local variables in Java you do not need
9e2p6lCOSMU-00965-00242167-00242523 to specify a type if the compiler can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00966-00242523-00242805 figure out what type the variable should
9e2p6lCOSMU-00967-00242806-00243035 be based on something else you've done
9e2p6lCOSMU-00968-00243036-00243473 typically based on initialization so you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00969-00243475-00243684 can use this you cannot use this feature
9e2p6lCOSMU-00970-00243685-00243831 in Android studio I don't
9e2p6lCOSMU-00971-00243832-00244116 think if you were if you were developing
9e2p6lCOSMU-00972-00244117-00244269 code because Android studio is using an
9e2p6lCOSMU-00973-00244270-00244518 older version of Java you can use it on
9e2p6lCOSMU-00974-00244519-00244710 our prey learn homework problems and you
9e2p6lCOSMU-00975-00244711-00244983 can now use it on some of our slide
9e2p6lCOSMU-00976-00244984-00245124 playground examples it doesn't work
9e2p6lCOSMU-00977-00245125-00245346 everywhere but here's one place that it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00978-00245347-00245760 does work so again most of this looks
9e2p6lCOSMU-00979-00245761-00245898 like code that we've seen before I have
9e2p6lCOSMU-00980-00245899-00246105 a small loop that's just adding up some
9e2p6lCOSMU-00981-00246106-00246316 numbers but at the top I have this
9e2p6lCOSMU-00982-00246317-00246624 completely new piece of syntax where I
9e2p6lCOSMU-00983-00246625-00247041 have not had to tell Java so I can
9e2p6lCOSMU-00984-00247042-00247281 replace this with int if I want to and
9e2p6lCOSMU-00985-00247282-00247527 the code still runs but now I can use
9e2p6lCOSMU-00986-00247528-00247902 this new Java keyword called bar and it
9e2p6lCOSMU-00987-00247903-00247965 works
9e2p6lCOSMU-00988-00247966-00248292 how does this work it works because when
9e2p6lCOSMU-00989-00248293-00248512 the compiler compiles this code here's
9e2p6lCOSMU-00990-00248513-00248856 what it does it says ok on line 1 I see
9e2p6lCOSMU-00991-00248857-00248982 that you're declaring the local variable
9e2p6lCOSMU-00992-00248983-00249337 called sum and you use this var keyword
9e2p6lCOSMU-00993-00249338-00249554 so I'm not sure what the type is yet but
9e2p6lCOSMU-00994-00249555-00249846 how does it tell the type you would
9e2p6lCOSMU-00995-00249847-00250083 initialized it to zero zeros at int
9e2p6lCOSMU-00996-00250084-00250516 literal therefore sum is an int so
9e2p6lCOSMU-00997-00250517-00250653 that's how it determines what the type
9e2p6lCOSMU-00998-00250654-00250860 is this is known as type inference I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-00999-00250861-00251229 inferring the type of this variable from
9e2p6lCOSMU-01000-00251230-00251887 in this case the assignment okay a few
9e2p6lCOSMU-01001-00251888-00252099 more things to cover here before we wrap
9e2p6lCOSMU-01002-00252100-00252378 up so when when I when I wrote that
9e2p6lCOSMU-01003-00252379-00252567 piece of code previously you saw me
9e2p6lCOSMU-01004-00252568-00252937 write a method called main in the past
9e2p6lCOSMU-01005-00252938-00253167 you would have seen main by now because
9e2p6lCOSMU-01006-00253168-00253374 the programming assignments we used to
9e2p6lCOSMU-01007-00253375-00253644 do that weren't on Android had main
9e2p6lCOSMU-01008-00253645-00253866 methods but now you haven't seen it yet
9e2p6lCOSMU-01009-00253867-00254001 you saw it briefly on that little
9e2p6lCOSMU-01010-00254002-00254301 example but what is so there's this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01011-00254302-00254448 special method called main we're going
9e2p6lCOSMU-01012-00254449-00254638 to start using this in class as we start
9e2p6lCOSMU-01013-00254639-00254946 doing examples that use objects but I
9e2p6lCOSMU-01014-00254947-00255084 want to talk about a little bit about
9e2p6lCOSMU-01015-00255085-00255492 what it is so main of this is a special
9e2p6lCOSMU-01016-00255493-00255948 method in Java it always has this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01017-00255949-00256134 signature and none of this is going to
9e2p6lCOSMU-01018-00256135-00256266 make sense to you yet but it will soon
9e2p6lCOSMU-01019-00256267-00256617 some of it might void should make sense
9e2p6lCOSMU-01020-00256618-00256875 that's the return type of main main
9e2p6lCOSMU-01021-00256876-00257031 makes sense that's the name of a
9e2p6lCOSMU-01022-00257032-00257131 function
9e2p6lCOSMU-01023-00257132-00257341 public static don't make sense yet but
9e2p6lCOSMU-01024-00257342-00257665 they will in a week or so and then I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-01025-00257666-00258004 I'm passing made a list of arguments
9e2p6lCOSMU-01026-00258005-00258198 main gets a single argument called in
9e2p6lCOSMU-01027-00258200-00258361 this case unused because I'm not doing
9e2p6lCOSMU-01028-00258362-00258514 anything with it and the type of that is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01029-00258515-00258917 it's an array of strings and then I
9e2p6lCOSMU-01030-00258919-00259096 principle so I'll then I have some code
9e2p6lCOSMU-01031-00259096-00259384 so then just another method so what is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01032-00259385-00259846 mate why is this method special well you
9e2p6lCOSMU-01033-00259846-00260062 might wonder when Java starts running my
9e2p6lCOSMU-01034-00260063-00260488 code where does it start I run I write a
9e2p6lCOSMU-01035-00260489-00260632 function that function could call other
9e2p6lCOSMU-01036-00260633-00260854 functions so if I start somewhere in the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01037-00260855-00261019 code I can sort of trace to figure out
9e2p6lCOSMU-01038-00261019-00261214 what's going to happen but when I run
9e2p6lCOSMU-01039-00261215-00261417 when I ran that code before using the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01040-00261419-00261642 Java Virtual Machine how did it know
9e2p6lCOSMU-01041-00261644-00261828 where to start
9e2p6lCOSMU-01042-00261829-00262144 by convention it starts in this special
9e2p6lCOSMU-01043-00262145-00262447 method called me and this is true you
9e2p6lCOSMU-01044-00262448-00262705 know of any Java program you write it's
9e2p6lCOSMU-01045-00262706-00262882 always gonna start in some made method
9e2p6lCOSMU-01046-00262883-00263110 somewhere like which main method that
9e2p6lCOSMU-01047-00263111-00263389 starts in can can differ but when Java
9e2p6lCOSMU-01048-00263390-00263533 starts executing your program it needs
9e2p6lCOSMU-01049-00263534-00263734 somewhere to begin there has to be some
9e2p6lCOSMU-01050-00263735-00263980 method that gets called then that method
9e2p6lCOSMU-01051-00263981-00264109 can call other methods and other things
9e2p6lCOSMU-01052-00264110-00264277 can happen but I have to start somewhere
9e2p6lCOSMU-01053-00264278-00264523 as to be a first line of code that I'm
9e2p6lCOSMU-01054-00264524-00264778 going to write then I'm going to run and
9e2p6lCOSMU-01055-00264779-00264967 that first line of code is the first
9e2p6lCOSMU-01056-00264968-00265360 line in my main method so if you're a
9e2p6lCOSMU-01057-00265361-00265519 particular part of your java code has
9e2p6lCOSMU-01058-00265520-00265729 this method that means that the java
9e2p6lCOSMU-01059-00265730-00265942 virtual machine can start executing code
9e2p6lCOSMU-01060-00265943-00266275 there again this will make more sense as
9e2p6lCOSMU-01061-00266276-00266503 we start to do the examples that involve
9e2p6lCOSMU-01062-00266504-00266949 objects so here's a just another
9e2p6lCOSMU-01063-00266950-00267223 interesting question here why does main
9e2p6lCOSMU-01064-00267224-00267442 get this argument so main is passed an
9e2p6lCOSMU-01065-00267443-00267883 argument of strengths it's an array so
9e2p6lCOSMU-01066-00267884-00268105 main can receive an array of strings
9e2p6lCOSMU-01067-00268106-00268282 that might contain 0 strings and might
9e2p6lCOSMU-01068-00268283-00268504 contain 5 strings does anyone know where
9e2p6lCOSMU-01069-00268505-00268999 these things come from I'll leave this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01070-00269000-00269233 as an exercise to the reader to find out
9e2p6lCOSMU-01071-00269234-00269449 like where do these strings come from in
9e2p6lCOSMU-01072-00269450-00269581 this case I'm not using them I'm not
9e2p6lCOSMU-01073-00269582-00269716 doing anything with them but sometimes I
9e2p6lCOSMU-01074-00269717-00270088 would okay any questions on this stuff
9e2p6lCOSMU-01075-00270089-00270412 before we do a little bit of end of
9e2p6lCOSMU-01076-00270413-00270514 class stuff I think what I'll
9e2p6lCOSMU-01077-00270515-00270756 I'll save the string rotation stuff for
9e2p6lCOSMU-01078-00270757-00271085 our imperative review which will do oh
9e2p6lCOSMU-01079-00271086-00271498 hold on I'll come back to that I have a
9e2p6lCOSMU-01080-00271499-00271857 question for you guys next two lectures
9e2p6lCOSMU-01081-00271858-00272079 one of them is going to be our first
9e2p6lCOSMU-01082-00272080-00272266 lecture on objects the second one is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01083-00272267-00272427 going to be a review for the midterm so
9e2p6lCOSMU-01084-00272428-00272556 there's two ways that we could do this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01085-00272557-00272815 and I'm happy to do either one way is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01086-00272816-00273006 that we do the midterm review on Friday
9e2p6lCOSMU-01087-00273007-00273282 I think the pro of that is that it gets
9e2p6lCOSMU-01088-00273283-00273432 you started studying over the weekend
9e2p6lCOSMU-01089-00273433-00273688 the con is that the midterm is starts
9e2p6lCOSMU-01090-00273689-00274045 next Tuesday so Monday is closer the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01091-00274046-00274209 other option is on Friday we start
9e2p6lCOSMU-01092-00274210-00274383 talking about objects and we come back
9e2p6lCOSMU-01093-00274384-00274669 on Monday and do one lecture of midterm
9e2p6lCOSMU-01094-00274670-00274948 review so who would rather do the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01095-00274949-00275314 midterm review on Friday okay who would
9e2p6lCOSMU-01096-00275315-00275593 rather do it on Monday I think the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01097-00275594-00275698 Friday's habit so that's what we're
9e2p6lCOSMU-01098-00275699-00276072 gonna do so Friday midterm review here
9e2p6lCOSMU-01099-00276073-00276391 we'll do an hour of you know practice
9e2p6lCOSMU-01100-00276392-00276558 problems I'll take questions we'll go
9e2p6lCOSMU-01101-00276559-00276681 over some of those string rotation
9e2p6lCOSMU-01102-00276682-00276921 examples that's what we're gonna do on
9e2p6lCOSMU-01103-00276922-00277251 Monday we'll start objects now next
9e2p6lCOSMU-01104-00277252-00277438 week's lab hold on simmer down
9e2p6lCOSMU-01105-00277439-00277816 next week's lab is also going to be
9e2p6lCOSMU-01106-00277817-00277993 midterm review and the way that we're
9e2p6lCOSMU-01107-00277994-00278245 going to do that is that there will be
9e2p6lCOSMU-01108-00278246-00278542 no attendance taken in the lab and you
9e2p6lCOSMU-01109-00278543-00278859 can go to any lab my suggestion is that
9e2p6lCOSMU-01110-00278860-00279053 you go to a lab before your midterm
9e2p6lCOSMU-01111-00279054-00279295 right because you know if you go to one
9e2p6lCOSMU-01112-00279296-00279592 after it's sort of too late right but
9e2p6lCOSMU-01113-00279593-00279745 I'm gonna set this up so you guys are
9e2p6lCOSMU-01114-00279746-00279924 free to go to any lab now you know again
9e2p6lCOSMU-01115-00279925-00280066 if you get to you know if you go if
9e2p6lCOSMU-01116-00280067-00280246 everyone tries to go to like the last
9e2p6lCOSMU-01117-00280247-00280540 two labs on Wednesday it's not going to
9e2p6lCOSMU-01118-00280541-00280738 work out very well so please be a little
9e2p6lCOSMU-01119-00280739-00280918 strategic about that if you go to a lab
9e2p6lCOSMU-01120-00280919-00281124 that already has too many people in it
9e2p6lCOSMU-01121-00281125-00281235 it's unlikely you're going to be able to
9e2p6lCOSMU-01122-00281236-00281539 get help next week no attendance in lab
9e2p6lCOSMU-01123-00281540-00281856 go to any lab you want the the lab will
9e2p6lCOSMU-01124-00281857-00282046 be entirely devoted to helping you
9e2p6lCOSMU-01125-00282047-00282204 review for the midterm all right so
9e2p6lCOSMU-01126-00282205-00282333 we'll essentially sort of do OpenOffice
9e2p6lCOSMU-01127-00282334-00282699 out okay I don't have time for this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01128-00282700-00283168 which is fine so look
9e2p6lCOSMU-01129-00283169-00283342 we are at a tough point in the semester
9e2p6lCOSMU-01130-00283343-00283621 I understand that right we're pushing
9e2p6lCOSMU-01131-00283622-00283888 you guys you know we picked up a little
9e2p6lCOSMU-01132-00283889-00284221 steam over the past few days this week's
9e2p6lCOSMU-01133-00284222-00284584 quiz is hard you guys are doing still
9e2p6lCOSMU-01134-00284585-00284746 doing better than last fall though which
9e2p6lCOSMU-01135-00284747-00284986 it's really impressive to me this week's
9e2p6lCOSMU-01136-00284987-00285070 quiz is hard
9e2p6lCOSMU-01137-00285071-00285328 next week's midterm is also hard and p1
9e2p6lCOSMU-01138-00285329-00285670 is hard but here's the thing if you get
9e2p6lCOSMU-01139-00285671-00285916 through this and you don't give up and
9e2p6lCOSMU-01140-00285917-00286138 you keep your feet moving you will do
9e2p6lCOSMU-01141-00286139-00286396 well in this class you know that the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01142-00286397-00286558 people that made it to the finish line
9e2p6lCOSMU-01143-00286559-00286765 last semester got good grades in the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01144-00286766-00286951 course right the way that you fail on
9e2p6lCOSMU-01145-00286952-00287197 this class is if you give up so don't do
9e2p6lCOSMU-01146-00287198-00287473 that come to office hours tomorrow
9e2p6lCOSMU-01147-00287474-00287899 Friday ask questions on the forum get
9e2p6lCOSMU-01148-00287900-00288109 ready for the midterm you guys were okay
9e2p6lCOSMU-01149-00288110-00288355 right midterm score the exams quiz
9e2p6lCOSMU-01150-00288356-00288463 scores are going down a little bit
9e2p6lCOSMU-01151-00288464-00288835 that's normal but you know don't give up
9e2p6lCOSMU-01152-00288836-00289207 right okay so a couple of announcements
9e2p6lCOSMU-01153-00289208-00289642 we'll do that next time if this is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01154-00289643-00289855 important so I've received several
9e2p6lCOSMU-01155-00289856-00290068 requests for from people who are in the
9e2p6lCOSMU-01156-00290069-00290197 James Scholars Program to do an
9e2p6lCOSMU-01157-00290198-00290515 interview last semester I did like eight
9e2p6lCOSMU-01158-00290516-00290818 of these okay and I don't like talking
9e2p6lCOSMU-01159-00290819-00290980 about myself that much and by the end
9e2p6lCOSMU-01160-00290981-00291133 I'm telling you really weird things
9e2p6lCOSMU-01161-00291134-00291307 right because I'm trying not to make
9e2p6lCOSMU-01162-00291308-00291445 them different so what I'm gonna do is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01163-00291446-00291718 that on Friday there's no class after us
9e2p6lCOSMU-01164-00291719-00291844 here in Lincoln Hall so I'm just gonna
9e2p6lCOSMU-01165-00291845-00292012 stick around if you want to do a James
9e2p6lCOSMU-01166-00292013-00292270 scholar interview Friday at 11 a.m. is
9e2p6lCOSMU-01167-00292271-00292549 your opportunity right if you also just
9e2p6lCOSMU-01168-00292550-00292675 want to hear me talk about random stuff
9e2p6lCOSMU-01169-00292676-00292858 you can stick around Friday as well
9e2p6lCOSMU-01170-00292859-00292918 right
9e2p6lCOSMU-01171-00292919-00293404 if you can't make that top so on Friday
9e2p6lCOSMU-01172-00293405-00293617 we're gonna do midterm review based on
9e2p6lCOSMU-01173-00293618-00293818 popular demand on Monday we're going to
9e2p6lCOSMU-01174-00293819-00294022 start talking about objects we've got
9e2p6lCOSMU-01175-00294023-00294202 office hours going on for mp1 but this
9e2p6lCOSMU-01176-00294203-00294361 is also a great chance to start going
9e2p6lCOSMU-01177-00294362-00294484 through some of those homework problems
9e2p6lCOSMU-01178-00294485-00294814 get ready for the midterm next week's
9e2p6lCOSMU-01179-00294815-00295006 the midterm all right good luck on
9e2p6lCOSMU-01180-00295007-00295213 today's quiz if you're taking it good
9e2p6lCOSMU-01181-00295214-00295378 luck on mp1 I will see you guys on
9e2p6lCOSMU-01182-00295379-00295582 Friday