N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00000-00000031-00000316 honors degree has various meanings in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00001-00000317-00000505 the context of different degrees and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00002-00000506-00000802 education systems most commonly it
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00003-00000803-00001025 refers to a variant of the undergraduate
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00004-00001026-00001232 bachelor's degree containing a larger
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00005-00001233-00001445 volume of material or a higher standard
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00006-00001446-00001789 of study or both rather than an ordinary
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00007-00001789-00002207 general or Pass bachelor's degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00008-00002208-00002462 honours degrees are sometimes indicated
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00009-00002463-00002798 by Hans after the degree abbreviation
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00010-00002799-00003020 with various punctuation according to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00011-00003021-00003685 local custom eg BA Hons BA Hons etc
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00012-00003686-00003995 examples of honours degree include the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00013-00003996-00004199 honours bachelor's degree in the United
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00014-00004200-00004415 States the bachelors degree with honors
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00015-00004416-00004627 in the United Kingdom Hong Kong and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00016-00004628-00004859 India the honours bachelor's degree in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00017-00004860-00005056 Ireland the bachelor with honours and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00018-00005057-00005225 bachelor honours degree in New Zealand
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00019-00005226-00005426 The Bachelor with honors and honors
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00020-00005427-00005645 bachelor's degree in Canada and the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00021-00005646-00005902 bachelor honours degree in Australia in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00022-00005903-00006172 South Africa the bachelor honours degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00023-00006173-00006392 as a postgraduate degree that follows on
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00024-00006393-00006563 from the completion of a bachelor's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00025-00006564-00006856 degree the undergraduate Master of Arts
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00026-00006858-00007028 degree awarded by the ancient
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00027-00007029-00007253 universities of Scotland in place of the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00028-00007254-00007456 Bachelor of Arts may be awarded as an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00029-00007458-00007673 honours or non honours degree these are
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00030-00007673-00007810 at the same level as equivalent
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00031-00007811-00008146 bachelor's degrees at masters level the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00032-00008147-00008353 integrated master's degrees in British
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00033-00008354-00008567 universities which students enter at the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00034-00008568-00008771 same level as bachelor's degrees are
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00035-00008772-00009020 also honours degrees many universities
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00036-00009021-00009256 and colleges offer both honours and non
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00037-00009257-00009527 honours bachelor's degrees in most
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00038-00009528-00009719 countries where honours degrees are
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00039-00009720-00009923 granted they imply a higher level of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00040-00009924-00010174 achievement than a non honours degree in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00041-00010175-00010496 some countries eg Australia an honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00042-00010497-00010745 degree may also involve a longer period
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00043-00010746-00010963 of study than a non honours degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00044-00010964-00011162 students who complete all the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00045-00011163-00011321 requirements for a non honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00046-00011322-00011519 bachelor's degree but do not receive
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00047-00011520-00011699 sufficient merit to be awarded an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00048-00011700-00011909 honours degree would normally be awarded
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00049-00011910-00012139 a non honours degree sometimes known as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00050-00012140-00012296 a pass
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00051-00012297-00012663 general or ordinary degree although
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00052-00012664-00012849 students who do not complete the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00053-00012850-00013052 requirements for an integrated master's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00054-00013053-00013263 honours degree may receive a bachelor's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00055-00013263-00013521 honours degree in England Northern
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00056-00013522-00013782 Ireland and Wales almost all bachelor's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00057-00013783-00013983 degrees are awarded as honours degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00058-00013984-00014229 in contrast honours degrees are rarely
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00059-00014230-00014553 awarded in the United States the current
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00060-00014554-00014700 British undergraduate degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00061-00014701-00014925 classification system with its division
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00062-00014926-00015144 into first upper and lower second and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00063-00015144-00015353 third class honours was developed in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00064-00015354-00015633 1918 to distinguish between students on
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00065-00015634-00015830 the basis of their academic achievement
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00066-00015831-00016215 the concept of an honours degree goes
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00067-00016216-00016413 back a lot further than this however
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00068-00016414-00016614 with there being examinations for
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00069-00016615-00016821 honours in the original regulations of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00070-00016822-00017091 the University of London in 1839 and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00071-00017092-00017343 naval Maskelyne being recorded as taking
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00072-00017344-00017519 a bachelor's degree with honours at
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00073-00017520-00017868 Cambridge in 1754 other countries
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00074-00017869-00018060 influenced by this system include
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00075-00018061-00018291 Australia Brunei Canada New Zealand
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00076-00018292-00018603 Malta Singapore South Africa and Hong
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00077-00018604-00019158 Kong
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00078-00019159-00019680 topic Australia
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00079-00019681-00019923 the consecutive Australian with honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00080-00019924-00020124 degree as usually a one to two year
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00081-00020125-00020376 research program after the completion of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00082-00020377-00020594 a bachelor's degree in the same field
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00083-00020595-00020865 it can also be started as a concurrent
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00084-00020866-00021024 program in the fourth year of a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00085-00021025-00021273 four-year bachelor's degree it is
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00086-00021274-00021492 generally considered a postgraduate year
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00087-00021493-00021672 because a bachelor's degree can be
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00088-00021673-00021963 completed without it entry to an honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00089-00021964-00022176 degree generally requires proven
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00090-00022177-00022455 abilities and a distinction 75 percent
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00091-00022456-00022671 or greater average in the relevant area
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00092-00022672-00022905 or the final year units and even then as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00093-00022906-00023166 quite competitive in the regular
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00094-00023167-00023375 standalone honours the student will
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00095-00023376-00023571 complete selected courses within a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00096-00023572-00023802 supervised program of research field
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00097-00023803-00024078 laboratory or secondary and produce a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00098-00024079-00024390 long high-quality research thesis this
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00099-00024391-00024612 is usually accompanied by a seminar or
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00100-00024613-00024810 presentation of the findings to an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00101-00024811-00025089 academic board for marking in the case
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00102-00025090-00025319 of a quality thesis being produced its
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00103-00025320-00025488 findings may be published in a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00104-00025489-00025689 peer-reviewed academic journal or
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00105-00025689-00025992 similar publication students receiving
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00106-00025993-00026202 high marks in their Honors Program have
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00107-00026202-00026414 the option of continuing to candidature
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00108-00026416-00026637 of a doctoral program such as Doctor of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00109-00026638-00026856 Philosophy without having to complete a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00110-00026857-00027162 master's degree honors can be awarded at
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00111-00027163-00027342 up to five levels depending on the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00112-00027343-00027519 awarding institution and may be
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00113-00027520-00027770 indicated in post nominals in general as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00114-00027772-00028239 hans honors class 1 with a university
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00115-00028239-00028452 metal sometimes indicated in post
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00116-00028452-00028874 nominals as hans i am hans 1 m or h 1 M
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00117-00028875-00029214 honors class 1 sometimes indicated in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00118-00029214-00029600 post nominals as Hans I Hans 1 or H 1
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00119-00029601-00029892 honors class 2 Division one
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00120-00029893-00030135 sometimes indicated in post nominals as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00121-00030136-00030635 pawns to Hans to one Hans to one or h21
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00122-00030636-00030981 honors class two Division two sometimes
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00123-00030982-00031239 indicated in post nominals as pawns to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00124-00031239-00031664 Hans two to Hans to two or h22
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00125-00031664-00031989 honors class three sometimes indicated
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00126-00031989-00032232 in post nominals as Hans three Hans
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00127-00032233-00032544 three or H 3 at the Masters level Monash
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00128-00032545-00032783 University has a Master of Business with
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00129-00032784-00033000 honours program in which students can be
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00130-00033001-00033033 a war
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00131-00033034-00033792 an honors classification upon completion
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00132-00033793-00034289 topic Canada
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00133-00034290-00034535 in Canada there are two type of honors
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00134-00034536-00034823 degree some universities especially in
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00135-00034824-00035087 Ontario award honors after four years of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00136-00035088-00035315 undergraduate study instead of the three
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00137-00035316-00035554 years of a general bachelor's degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00138-00035555-00035846 examples include Queen's University and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00139-00035847-00036098 York University in those universities
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00140-00036099-00036323 honors students may undertake an honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00141-00036324-00036554 thesis some other universities such as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00142-00036555-00036824 McGill University University of Ottawa
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00143-00036825-00037076 Western University University of British
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00144-00037077-00037310 Columbia Concordia University and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00145-00037311-00037562 Dalhousie University require students to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00146-00037563-00037793 undertake an honours project in order to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00147-00037794-00038018 graduate with honors Latin kamon or a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00148-00038019-00038315 French specialis a in those universities
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00149-00038316-00038609 honors programs also require a higher
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00150-00038610-00038804 degree of specialization than non
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00151-00038805-00039026 honours major degrees including a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00152-00039027-00039260 supervised research project or thesis
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00153-00039261-00039464 and students are required to maintain a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00154-00039465-00039689 high academic standard thesis based
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00155-00039690-00039890 honours degrees prepare students for
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00156-00039891-00040121 research-based postgraduate study and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00157-00040122-00040358 may sometimes allow direct entry into
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00158-00040359-00040667 doctoral programs a four-year bachelor's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00159-00040668-00040886 degree is required for entry to most
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00160-00040887-00041596 postgraduate courses in Canada
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00161-00041597-00042295 topic England Wales and Northern Ireland
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00162-00042296-00042526 in England Wales and Northern Ireland
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00163-00042527-00042774 bachelor's degrees are normally awarded
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00164-00042775-00043060 with honours after three years of study
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00165-00043061-00043327 the bachelor's degree with honors meets
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00166-00043328-00043539 the requirements for a higher education
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00167-00043540-00043743 qualification at level six of the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00168-00043744-00043915 framework for higher education
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00169-00043916-00044137 qualifications in full and as a first
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00170-00044138-00044337 cycle end of cycle award on the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00171-00044338-00044524 qualifications framework of the European
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00172-00044525-00044796 higher education area established by the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00173-00044797-00045151 Bologna process students can be awarded
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00174-00045152-00045454 an ordinary degree if they achieve the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00175-00045455-00045627 required learning outcomes over a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00176-00045628-00045823 smaller volume of studies than is
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00177-00045824-00046042 required for an honours degree eg only
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00178-00046043-00046371 passing 300 credits rather than the 360
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00179-00046372-00046590 usually required for an honours degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00180-00046591-00046879 in addition to bachelor's degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00181-00046880-00047107 four-year integrated master's degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00182-00047108-00047314 which combines study at the bachelor's
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00183-00047315-00047515 and master's levels are also awarded
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00184-00047516-00047712 with honours the University of Oxford
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00185-00047713-00047926 does not award honors with its standard
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00186-00047927-00048177 BA degree but considers students who
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00187-00048178-00048379 gain a third-class degree or better to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00188-00048380-00049097 have achieved honours status
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00189-00049098-00049582 topic Malta
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00190-00049583-00049789 a number of honors degrees are offered
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00191-00049790-00050041 by the University of Malta usually
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00192-00050042-00050254 indicating an extra year of study with
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00193-00050255-00050431 an undergraduate dissertation or a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00194-00050432-00050620 specialization within a three year
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00195-00050621-00051184 program
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00196-00051185-00051717 topic New Zealand
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00197-00051719-00051975 The Bachelor honors degree as a separate
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00198-00051976-00052182 level on the New Zealand qualifications
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00199-00052183-00052368 framework from the bachelors degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00200-00052369-00052566 without honors as in Australia and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00201-00052567-00052866 Scotland it may either be a four-year
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00202-00052867-00053232 480 credit course or a single year 120
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00203-00053233-00053412 credit course following on from a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00204-00053413-00053586 bachelor's degree and it prepares
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00205-00053587-00054282 students for postgraduate study
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00206-00054283-00054797 topic Scotland
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00207-00054798-00055061 in Scotland all undergraduate degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00208-00055062-00055336 with honors must be a four-year duration
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00209-00055337-00055562 students can choose to do the honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00210-00055563-00055799 degree or the general or pass ordinary
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00211-00055800-00056108 degree the first two years of both types
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00212-00056109-00056348 of degrees are the same however after
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00213-00056349-00056537 that students who pursue the honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00214-00056538-00056720 route will complete more advanced
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00215-00056721-00056903 subjects and a dissertation in their
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00216-00056904-00057091 last year while students who choose to
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00217-00057092-00057287 do the general degree will complete
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00218-00057288-00057466 their third year at a lower level of
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00219-00057467-00057679 specialisation entry into the honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00220-00057680-00057878 year in Scotland is generally not
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00221-00057879-00058076 restricted and students are encouraged
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00222-00058077-00058265 to take the honours year as the general
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00223-00058266-00058492 ordinary past degree does not provide
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00224-00058494-00058642 the same level of depth and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00225-00058644-00058867 specialisation students enrolling in the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00226-00058869-00059057 honours program but failing to achieve
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00227-00059058-00059303 the required academic merit for honours
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00228-00059304-00059420 are awarded a pass
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00229-00059421-00060079 ordinary general degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00230-00060080-00060583 topic Ireland
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00231-00060584-00060865 in Ireland honors bachelor's degrees are
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00232-00060866-00061026 at level eight of the national framework
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00233-00061027-00061276 of qualifications and are Bologna first
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00234-00061277-00061564 cycle degrees they normally follow a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00235-00061565-00061975 three or four year 180 to 200 for de cts
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00236-00061976-00062275 credits course the higher diploma may be
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00237-00062276-00062485 awarded at the same level following a
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00238-00062486-00062791 single year of study 60 ect s credits
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00239-00062791-00062976 and is normally taken following an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00240-00062977-00063210 honours degree as a conversion course
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00241-00063211-00063499 ordinary non honours bachelor's degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00242-00063500-00063724 are at level 7 of the framework and take
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00243-00063725-00064536 three years 180 FS credits to complete
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00244-00064537-00064841 topic South Africa
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00245-00064842-00065084 you
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00246-00065085-00065338 in South Africa non-professional
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00247-00065339-00065737 bachelor's degrees ba BSC BC om our
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00248-00065738-00065960 three-year degrees professional degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00249-00065961-00066179 such as engineering degrees or medicine
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00250-00066180-00066443 are longer the honours degree as an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00251-00066444-00066601 optional fourth year and as an
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00252-00066602-00066831 additional one-year qualification
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00253-00066832-00067109 usually the honours degree specializes
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00254-00067110-00067237 in one subject matter
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00255-00067238-00067612 eg mathematics English in take into the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00256-00067613-00067841 honours degree is often highly selective
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00257-00067842-00068107 the bachelors degree is at level 7 and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00258-00068108-00068297 the honours degree at level 8 on the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00259-00068298-00068522 National qualifications framework of the
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00260-00068523-00068761 South African qualifications Authority
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00261-00068762-00069031 research components must comprise at
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00262-00069032-00069789 least 25% of the honours degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00263-00069790-00070106 topic United States
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00264-00070107-00070353 you
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00265-00070354-00070572 in the United States an honours degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00266-00070573-00070872 or honors degree in US spelling requires
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00267-00070873-00071097 a thesis or project work beyond that
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00268-00071098-00071318 needed for the normal bachelors program
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00269-00071319-00071610 honors programs in the u.s. are taken
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00270-00071611-00071796 alongside the rest of the degree and
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00271-00071797-00072057 often have a minimum GPA requirement for
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00272-00072058-00072209 entry which can vary between
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00273-00072210-00072522 institutions some institutions do not
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00274-00072523-00072726 have a separate honours program but
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00275-00072727-00072927 instead refer to bachelors degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00276-00072928-00073137 awarded with Latin honours which may be
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00277-00073138-00073428 based either on GPA or class position as
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00278-00073429-00074046 honours degrees
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00279-00074047-00074581 topic see also
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00280-00074582-00074976 bachelor's degree master's degree
N7sHr0MZ2Zc-00281-00074977-00075529 doctorate Doctor of Philosophy PhD
N96fBsc7GVy-00000-00000275-00000586 yellow everyone welcome back to the
N96fBsc7GVy-00001-00000587-00000925 walkthrough that was indeed a convenient
N96fBsc7GVy-00002-00000926-00001223 starting location so the first thing
N96fBsc7GVy-00003-00001224-00001511 that I'm going to start doing at this
N96fBsc7GVy-00004-00001512-00001993 part is well going up to this portion of
N96fBsc7GVy-00005-00001994-00002293 the oh okay it's down over here but
N96fBsc7GVy-00006-00002294-00002600 still is going over to that portion of
N96fBsc7GVy-00007-00002601-00002776 the spirit tracks because I would like
N96fBsc7GVy-00008-00002777-00003023 to show you that there is a new
N96fBsc7GVy-00009-00003024-00003281 destination for us to go to there so
N96fBsc7GVy-00010-00003282-00003586 yeah could I have until I get over to
N96fBsc7GVy-00011-00003588-00003881 new tracks all right sir coming up to
N96fBsc7GVy-00012-00003882-00004342 the new tracks cmcm they're new they're
N96fBsc7GVy-00013-00004343-00004631 beautiful and we are going to explore
N96fBsc7GVy-00014-00004632-00004913 them well being under attack of course
N96fBsc7GVy-00015-00004914-00005075 because you know that's just how things
N96fBsc7GVy-00016-00005076-00005504 roll so there is our new destination I'm
N96fBsc7GVy-00017-00005505-00005660 gonna go a little bit past the doors I
N96fBsc7GVy-00018-00005661-00005920 think there's a rabbit sooner along that
N96fBsc7GVy-00019-00005921-00006224 route so yeah I'll see what I can get
N96fBsc7GVy-00020-00006225-00006514 rabbit wise first before I dock there
N96fBsc7GVy-00021-00006515-00006748 because I'll end up doc be there anyway
N96fBsc7GVy-00022-00006750-00006908 and I'll just be able to reset to come
N96fBsc7GVy-00023-00006909-00007117 back to the rabbit later and whatnot so
N96fBsc7GVy-00024-00007118-00007360 yeah let's just see how things go
N96fBsc7GVy-00025-00007361-00007795 shall we so rabbits grab it nope there
N96fBsc7GVy-00026-00007797-00008117 you are okay what I want to very go I
N96fBsc7GVy-00027-00008118-00008530 want to change the camera but no no no
N96fBsc7GVy-00028-00008531-00008795 no you see you kidding me that was
N96fBsc7GVy-00029-00008796-00009155 totally a catch oh I thought you're
N96fBsc7GVy-00030-00009156-00009874 gonna go up to the right there oh no put
N96fBsc7GVy-00031-00009875-00010081 eyes I'll show you the rest of the
N96fBsc7GVy-00032-00010082-00010331 tracks and is this little cave er over
N96fBsc7GVy-00033-00010332-00010546 here though you might as well check out
N96fBsc7GVy-00034-00010547-00010771 and I'll do a flip seat over there so I
N96fBsc7GVy-00035-00010772-00010952 can go forward when I come back through
N96fBsc7GVy-00036-00010953-00011188 the cave I don't know I don't think
N96fBsc7GVy-00037-00011189-00011374 it'll reset the rabbit or anything like
N96fBsc7GVy-00038-00011375-00011517 that but you know it's just
N96fBsc7GVy-00039-00011518-00011793 it's just the thing of showing you the
N96fBsc7GVy-00040-00011794-00012162 uncharted land says longest I'm over
N96fBsc7GVy-00041-00012163-00012585 here anyway so yeah why not oh man no
N96fBsc7GVy-00042-00012586-00013083 Rockets whatsoever oh man oh man all
N96fBsc7GVy-00043-00013084-00013641 right time to reverse oh no we do one of
N96fBsc7GVy-00044-00013641-00013956 these and then we go up of this away
N96fBsc7GVy-00045-00013957-00014216 that connection point is also a rather
N96fBsc7GVy-00046-00014218-00014550 nice place to kind of get between this
N96fBsc7GVy-00047-00014551-00014891 chunk of complex tracks and this chunk
N96fBsc7GVy-00048-00014893-00015044 of complex tracks in a hurry because
N96fBsc7GVy-00049-00015045-00015210 otherwise you have to go from this
N96fBsc7GVy-00050-00015211-00015450 corner all the way down and up and
N96fBsc7GVy-00051-00015451-00015702 around to get over there and yep so
N96fBsc7GVy-00052-00015703-00015855 that's a nice little shortcut besides
N96fBsc7GVy-00053-00015856-00016097 just the rabbit all right let's stop
N96fBsc7GVy-00054-00016099-00016344 here and get that rabbit reset after we
N96fBsc7GVy-00055-00016344-00016539 finish the puzzle of this place this is
N96fBsc7GVy-00056-00016540-00016881 a disorientation station yeah really
N96fBsc7GVy-00057-00016882-00017093 awesomely I must say
N96fBsc7GVy-00058-00017094-00017364 so they got a couple puzzles to do here
N96fBsc7GVy-00059-00017365-00017556 these stations really are everywhere
N96fBsc7GVy-00060-00017557-00017751 aren't they seems awfully deserted here
N96fBsc7GVy-00061-00017752-00018015 though except for that guy hold on a
N96fBsc7GVy-00062-00018016-00018228 second is that a soldier from Hyrule
N96fBsc7GVy-00063-00018229-00018422 Castle what's he doing all the way out
N96fBsc7GVy-00064-00018423-00018846 here well let's find out it's not going
N96fBsc7GVy-00065-00018847-00019005 out there of course but she's deciding
N96fBsc7GVy-00066-00019006-00019293 to see what the poop was the scoop over
N96fBsc7GVy-00067-00019294-00019452 there I could blow some leaves off the
N96fBsc7GVy-00068-00019453-00019491 ground
N96fBsc7GVy-00069-00019492-00020130 - I suppose but we'll see good I just
N96fBsc7GVy-00070-00020131-00020289 want to kind of explore the lore area
N96fBsc7GVy-00071-00020290-00020519 before I caught use the song of birds to
N96fBsc7GVy-00072-00020520-00020718 get a bird to get up to the higher area
N96fBsc7GVy-00073-00020719-00020937 and whatnot not really all that much
N96fBsc7GVy-00074-00020938-00021344 exploring lore area is there no I guess
N96fBsc7GVy-00075-00021345-00021375 not
N96fBsc7GVy-00076-00021376-00021847 I wish was the quarter was at that nope
N96fBsc7GVy-00077-00021848-00022236 that was the order I don't play this
N96fBsc7GVy-00078-00022237-00022638 song of birds enough all right so I
N96fBsc7GVy-00079-00022639-00022797 already got my whip vault which is nice
N96fBsc7GVy-00080-00022798-00023175 so I'm gonna wait for it to go where
N96fBsc7GVy-00081-00023176-00023487 this treasure chest is first it
N96fBsc7GVy-00082-00023488-00023935 pardon what in the holy name of poop
N96fBsc7GVy-00083-00023936-00024172 just happened there then I just like
N96fBsc7GVy-00084-00024173-00024607 gets stuck on the edge of this land or
N96fBsc7GVy-00085-00024608-00024769 something or in the corner of that
N96fBsc7GVy-00086-00024770-00025285 graphic area or something what the heck
N96fBsc7GVy-00087-00025286-00025879 was that never seen that happen before
N96fBsc7GVy-00088-00025880-00026200 alright one more song of birds this time
N96fBsc7GVy-00089-00026201-00026614 with the correct notes combo pardon okay
N96fBsc7GVy-00090-00026614-00027055 that you see me play those in the right
N96fBsc7GVy-00091-00027056-00027298 order there don't don't mess with me
N96fBsc7GVy-00092-00027299-00027676 game alright let's see if we get
N96fBsc7GVy-00093-00027677-00027892 glitches over here this is the actual
N96fBsc7GVy-00094-00027893-00028144 path for to reach out there see no
N96fBsc7GVy-00095-00028145-00028291 glitches times yeah that's I don't know
N96fBsc7GVy-00096-00028292-00028804 what the heck happened there all right
N96fBsc7GVy-00097-00028805-00029101 so let's kill the critters that are in
N96fBsc7GVy-00098-00029102-00029158 our way
N96fBsc7GVy-00099-00029158-00029485 just because they are in our way yes
N96fBsc7GVy-00100-00029486-00029752 that's a scary concept to these critters
N96fBsc7GVy-00101-00029752-00029968 I've gotta say it but yet they still is
N96fBsc7GVy-00102-00029969-00030268 still bravely try and attack us but
N96fBsc7GVy-00103-00030269-00030460 that's okay because we have the power of
N96fBsc7GVy-00104-00030461-00030627 the whip and the power of the sword
N96fBsc7GVy-00105-00030629-00030829 actually just sort of fell even way
N96fBsc7GVy-00106-00030830-00031038 faster at that rate but whatever
N96fBsc7GVy-00107-00031039-00031306 whatever it's a nice long distance
N96fBsc7GVy-00108-00031307-00031632 attack even though it's a weak attack
N96fBsc7GVy-00109-00031633-00031861 just keep going along here I don't
N96fBsc7GVy-00110-00031862-00032149 really think that the boulders are worth
N96fBsc7GVy-00111-00032150-00032332 picking up by her own here unless you
N96fBsc7GVy-00112-00032333-00032605 really wanna check for all the drops I
N96fBsc7GVy-00113-00032606-00032920 guess I guess maybe I could do it way
N96fBsc7GVy-00114-00032921-00033133 back or something I own I just seems
N96fBsc7GVy-00115-00033134-00033298 like a lot of boulders and a lot of
N96fBsc7GVy-00116-00033299-00033652 leaves to move it's much easier ways to
N96fBsc7GVy-00117-00033653-00033886 get moolah oh I can't go that way first
N96fBsc7GVy-00118-00033887-00034236 hmm what to do oh you're oh hey this is
N96fBsc7GVy-00119-00034237-00034648 Zelda what is it like hold on oh no no
N96fBsc7GVy-00120-00034649-00034855 this is the he's talking to me because
N96fBsc7GVy-00121-00034856-00035044 of course he is Ella I can't talk to him
N96fBsc7GVy-00122-00035045-00035236 okay so you're a crew from Hyrule Castle
N96fBsc7GVy-00123-00035237-00035415 aren't you what are you doing out here
N96fBsc7GVy-00124-00035416-00035611 me Oh
N96fBsc7GVy-00125-00035612-00035884 meat right all right no see I came here
N96fBsc7GVy-00126-00035885-00036058 with my friend to uncover our golden
N96fBsc7GVy-00127-00036059-00036103 treasure
N96fBsc7GVy-00128-00036104-00036315 oh I'd appreciate it if you wouldn't
N96fBsc7GVy-00129-00036316-00036502 spread that out their soldiers oK we've
N96fBsc7GVy-00130-00036503-00036700 got half way in but then some big plant
N96fBsc7GVy-00131-00036701-00036748 monster
N96fBsc7GVy-00132-00036749-00036940 showed up I was terrified so I
N96fBsc7GVy-00133-00036941-00037108 hightailed it out of there on my own
N96fBsc7GVy-00134-00037109-00037357 oh what a pathetic story so I did
N96fBsc7GVy-00135-00037358-00037512 believe that some of this colony is a
N96fBsc7GVy-00136-00037513-00037918 card from Hyrule Castle what could have
N96fBsc7GVy-00137-00037919-00038110 happened to my buddy I guess he's still
N96fBsc7GVy-00138-00038111-00038176 lost
N96fBsc7GVy-00139-00038177-00038551 hey you have a sword but you know doing
N96fBsc7GVy-00140-00038552-00038782 a bit of recon aside for me I'm honestly
N96fBsc7GVy-00141-00038783-00039076 too freaked out to set foot in there no
N96fBsc7GVy-00142-00039077-00039517 way you can keep whatever chose you fine
N96fBsc7GVy-00143-00039518-00039571 I promise
N96fBsc7GVy-00144-00039572-00039708 I just wanted to see my friend returned
N96fBsc7GVy-00145-00039709-00039907 safely I remember this place is a real
N96fBsc7GVy-00146-00039908-00040117 maze you better not get lost if you do
N96fBsc7GVy-00147-00040118-00040282 you might never see the light of day
N96fBsc7GVy-00148-00040283-00040504 again but don't worry I know a way to
N96fBsc7GVy-00149-00040505-00040786 get the treasure I think this guy is
N96fBsc7GVy-00150-00040787-00040983 something listen you better just take
N96fBsc7GVy-00151-00040984-00041208 notes from a room that knows no self
N96fBsc7GVy-00152-00041209-00041577 follow the rocky trail north and north
N96fBsc7GVy-00153-00041578-00041983 so go up twice there in the north lies
N96fBsc7GVy-00154-00041984-00042205 the treasure waiting to be discovered
N96fBsc7GVy-00155-00042206-00042489 got all that yeah I I believe you just
N96fBsc7GVy-00156-00042490-00042751 go in here and you just go up twice if I
N96fBsc7GVy-00157-00042752-00043135 recall correctly but find them from ruin
N96fBsc7GVy-00158-00043136-00043189 those note
N96fBsc7GVy-00159-00043190-00043492 oh yeah that's this is a little rocky
N96fBsc7GVy-00160-00043493-00043711 tree old or Siddarth there in the north
N96fBsc7GVy-00161-00043712-00043879 plays a trend are we gonna be discovered
N96fBsc7GVy-00162-00043880-00044052 sounds pretty tricky we should do it for
N96fBsc7GVy-00163-00044053-00044311 the sake of that guard but first what's
N96fBsc7GVy-00164-00044312-00044481 over here
N96fBsc7GVy-00165-00044482-00045433 probably a treasure okay gonna be a
N96fBsc7GVy-00166-00045434-00045805 treasure is that the long dead end of
N96fBsc7GVy-00167-00045806-00046089 doom now because this is also a long
N96fBsc7GVy-00168-00046090-00046393 dead end of doom on tempted to see yeah
N96fBsc7GVy-00169-00046394-00046711 well I guess that's something a snaffle
N96fBsc7GVy-00170-00046712-00047364 skull a key yes valuable too all right
N96fBsc7GVy-00171-00047365-00047848 so disorientation station begin in three
N96fBsc7GVy-00172-00047849-00048915 two so it's it's the lost once what's
N96fBsc7GVy-00173-00048916-00049249 the kind of look around here trying find
N96fBsc7GVy-00174-00049250-00049551 your way to a room that's basically got
N96fBsc7GVy-00175-00049552-00049780 like a dead end of swords I mean I just
N96fBsc7GVy-00176-00049781-00049969 kind of go around here and
N96fBsc7GVy-00177-00049970-00050191 wander on all sorts of other paths and
N96fBsc7GVy-00178-00050192-00050293 see what I can find though I think
N96fBsc7GVy-00179-00050294-00050518 that's just gonna he has gonna be gonna
N96fBsc7GVy-00180-00050519-00050944 be pretty much nothing but basically
N96fBsc7GVy-00181-00050945-00051106 when you find the room that you're
N96fBsc7GVy-00182-00051107-00051190 looking for
N96fBsc7GVy-00183-00051191-00051373 oh here's a sign to that so that's
N96fBsc7GVy-00184-00051374-00051492 another thing that was looking for
N96fBsc7GVy-00185-00051494-00051664 basically you find the ruins you're
N96fBsc7GVy-00186-00051665-00051802 looking for you want to play the song of
N96fBsc7GVy-00187-00051803-00051921 discovery and you'll be able to get a
N96fBsc7GVy-00188-00051922-00052276 treasure out of it but anyway no it's a
N96fBsc7GVy-00189-00052277-00052498 it's quite a valuable treasure actually
N96fBsc7GVy-00190-00052499-00052749 combined with the other thing that I won
N96fBsc7GVy-00191-00052750-00053014 from the the lottery thing I'll actually
N96fBsc7GVy-00192-00053015-00053212 be able to have enough to buy all that
N96fBsc7GVy-00193-00053213-00053458 stuff I need from Beatles place to get
N96fBsc7GVy-00194-00053459-00053647 the heart container leave just go
N96fBsc7GVy-00195-00053648-00053904 straight north and take your rights I
N96fBsc7GVy-00196-00053904-00054166 don't leave just yet then so I'm gonna
N96fBsc7GVy-00197-00054166-00054589 go left and I think I just think I just
N96fBsc7GVy-00198-00054590-00054816 repeated rooms here okay sort of kinda
N96fBsc7GVy-00199-00054817-00055111 maybe kind of what our how many rooms
N96fBsc7GVy-00200-00055112-00055336 there are like there can be generated
N96fBsc7GVy-00201-00055337-00055542 here or something like that oh here's
N96fBsc7GVy-00202-00055544-00055786 another one to my eternal friend and
N96fBsc7GVy-00203-00055787-00056008 treasure hunting part in there I can't
N96fBsc7GVy-00204-00056009-00056200 seem to find the way out I believe I am
N96fBsc7GVy-00205-00056201-00056449 hopelessly lost I don't think I am much
N96fBsc7GVy-00206-00056450-00056677 longer left so I want to apologize to
N96fBsc7GVy-00207-00056678-00056904 you I had originally intended to claim
N96fBsc7GVy-00208-00056905-00057121 the treasure for myself even though you
N96fBsc7GVy-00209-00057122-00057337 always looked out for me when you ran
N96fBsc7GVy-00210-00057338-00057516 off I thought nothing of it then went on
N96fBsc7GVy-00211-00057517-00057814 to find the treasure I was a fool I want
N96fBsc7GVy-00212-00057815-00057976 you to know that you shouldn't waste any
N96fBsc7GVy-00213-00057977-00058177 worry on me just move on with your life
N96fBsc7GVy-00214-00058178-00058375 and please think of my view and someone
N96fBsc7GVy-00215-00058376-00058714 not in someone well you were and will
N96fBsc7GVy-00216-00058715-00058979 always be my dearest friend farewell
N96fBsc7GVy-00217-00058980-00059290 says the move on and then he says yeah I
N96fBsc7GVy-00218-00059291-00059704 think a pair of you once in a while the
N96fBsc7GVy-00219-00059704-00059866 big plants eat is that this is a dead
N96fBsc7GVy-00220-00059866-00060073 end room at least I should say there's
N96fBsc7GVy-00221-00060074-00060424 no more way to go north anymore so at
N96fBsc7GVy-00222-00060425-00060757 this lone tile should be looking as it
N96fBsc7GVy-00223-00060758-00061203 pauses everything play it the powerful
N96fBsc7GVy-00224-00061204-00061501 all-encompassing and okay not really use
N96fBsc7GVy-00225-00061502-00061771 all that often song of discovery for all
N96fBsc7GVy-00226-00061772-00062008 of your hidden secrets oh no I wanna I
N96fBsc7GVy-00227-00062009-00062233 want to open and this contains the
N96fBsc7GVy-00228-00062234-00062454 whopping alchemy stone
N96fBsc7GVy-00229-00062455-00062829 another thing that's worth 2500 except
N96fBsc7GVy-00230-00062830-00062974 the training the soldier was talking
N96fBsc7GVy-00231-00062975-00063129 about how'd you manage you find it's so
N96fBsc7GVy-00232-00063130-00063259 easily well
N96fBsc7GVy-00233-00063260-00063535 I might have played this game before all
N96fBsc7GVy-00234-00063536-00063693 right you just get lucky well it doesn't
N96fBsc7GVy-00235-00063694-00063831 really matter let's get going
N96fBsc7GVy-00236-00063832-00064171 Oh which way is the way out down twice I
N96fBsc7GVy-00237-00064172-00064416 believed but I want to keep exploring
N96fBsc7GVy-00238-00064417-00064636 though just to see what else I can find
N96fBsc7GVy-00239-00064637-00064834 like sign wise and whatnot
N96fBsc7GVy-00240-00064835-00065287 cuz yeah it is sorta like the Lost Woods
N96fBsc7GVy-00241-00065288-00065578 but yet not because there are actual
N96fBsc7GVy-00242-00065579-00065757 dead ends and you get other sorts of
N96fBsc7GVy-00243-00065758-00065959 signs leave the keys go out southern
N96fBsc7GVy-00244-00065960-00066217 exit so yeah so there are there is
N96fBsc7GVy-00245-00066218-00066448 actually other stuff to see our own here
N96fBsc7GVy-00246-00066449-00066616 and and whatnot I'm just gonna kind of
N96fBsc7GVy-00247-00066617-00066928 it's kind of kind of wander around and
N96fBsc7GVy-00248-00066929-00067162 see what I can loop around to like see
N96fBsc7GVy-00249-00067163-00067348 this son had a blocked wall but the
N96fBsc7GVy-00250-00067349-00067543 other one that I'm gonna be looping over
N96fBsc7GVy-00251-00067544-00067867 to here did not so that means I can go
N96fBsc7GVy-00252-00067868-00068169 north here I'll probably just end up
N96fBsc7GVy-00253-00068170-00068380 finding the stairs accidentally I don't
N96fBsc7GVy-00254-00068381-00068524 have this whole place memorize there
N96fBsc7GVy-00255-00068525-00068686 anything like that and you know I'm also
N96fBsc7GVy-00256-00068687-00068971 kind of curious what if I were to play
N96fBsc7GVy-00257-00068972-00069150 the song of discovery at all these other
N96fBsc7GVy-00258-00069151-00069519 singular tiles probably nothing
N96fBsc7GVy-00259-00069520-00069712 yeah that's what I thought because it's
N96fBsc7GVy-00260-00069713-00069904 like I like I said it's not really all
N96fBsc7GVy-00261-00069905-00070171 that many sorts of ocular back to this
N96fBsc7GVy-00262-00070172-00070380 room so yeah there's not really all that
N96fBsc7GVy-00263-00070381-00070699 many sorts of rooms that you can find I
N96fBsc7GVy-00264-00070700-00070980 say places you can find with the song of
N96fBsc7GVy-00265-00070981-00071142 discovery you know that you can find
N96fBsc7GVy-00266-00071143-00071287 treasures there and what I think this is
N96fBsc7GVy-00267-00071288-00071617 a repeat plaque yeah yep hopelessly lost
N96fBsc7GVy-00268-00071618-00071884 we know we know yeah I'm sure you guys
N96fBsc7GVy-00269-00071885-00072267 will find each other eventually well
N96fBsc7GVy-00270-00072268-00072715 maybe maybe someday who knows who knows
N96fBsc7GVy-00271-00072716-00072992 maybe not in this lifetime
N96fBsc7GVy-00272-00072993-00073317 I think yeah I think I've exhausted all
N96fBsc7GVy-00273-00073318-00073587 the rooms so I think I'll just find one
N96fBsc7GVy-00274-00073588-00073794 of those rooms that have an exit sign
N96fBsc7GVy-00275-00073795-00074094 and go on my way actually I could I just
N96fBsc7GVy-00276-00074095-00074509 go south twice here going to no oh no no
N96fBsc7GVy-00277-00074510-00074898 no no no no no no I'm tired of this no
N96fBsc7GVy-00278-00074899-00075174 okay anytime I see a stone plaque like
N96fBsc7GVy-00279-00075175-00075709 that it is not to be talked to by the
N96fBsc7GVy-00280-00075710-00075819 way if you don't remember the stairs
N96fBsc7GVy-00281-00075820-00076171 were up over here normally so yeah so
N96fBsc7GVy-00282-00076172-00076206 yeah
N96fBsc7GVy-00283-00076207-00076467 oh no I'm hopelessly lost but I don't
N96fBsc7GVy-00284-00076468-00076586 know how he could have
N96fBsc7GVy-00285-00076587-00076805 you know wandered around here and not
N96fBsc7GVy-00286-00076806-00076958 phone one of these signs here we go
N96fBsc7GVy-00287-00076959-00077174 leave just go Street north and then take
N96fBsc7GVy-00288-00077175-00077444 a ride all right so straight north and
N96fBsc7GVy-00289-00077445-00077722 take it right and then we can go out
N96fBsc7GVy-00290-00077723-00077930 this way
N96fBsc7GVy-00291-00077931-00078206 there we go and here the stairs so yeah
N96fBsc7GVy-00292-00078207-00078368 I don't I don't understand how he got
N96fBsc7GVy-00293-00078369-00078851 lost I mean to the point that he would
N96fBsc7GVy-00294-00078852-00078998 die or something like that what you
N96fBsc7GVy-00295-00078999-00079187 found the treasure did you find my
N96fBsc7GVy-00296-00079188-00079517 partner yeah what you found a message
N96fBsc7GVy-00297-00079518-00079807 for my friend and so the story is told
N96fBsc7GVy-00298-00079808-00080021 so that is what he was thinking in his
N96fBsc7GVy-00299-00080022-00080246 last moments and he wasn't angry at me
N96fBsc7GVy-00300-00080247-00080635 even though this means so much to me I
N96fBsc7GVy-00301-00080636-00080855 feel like a great weights been lifted
N96fBsc7GVy-00302-00080856-00080984 off my shoulders
N96fBsc7GVy-00303-00080985-00081272 I live on a live on for his sake thank
N96fBsc7GVy-00304-00081273-00081980 you for your help here have this let's
N96fBsc7GVy-00305-00081981-00082226 leave him be come on link we should go
N96fBsc7GVy-00306-00082227-00082535 yes we should yes we sure should I
N96fBsc7GVy-00307-00082536-00082769 really pick up a whole rocks and stuff
N96fBsc7GVy-00308-00082770-00083222 around here I know no I'm just yeah I
N96fBsc7GVy-00309-00083223-00083432 don't even feel like blowing all this
N96fBsc7GVy-00310-00083433-00083669 tiny is just this stuff we get from the
N96fBsc7GVy-00311-00083670-00083891 rocks and stuff is random it's not like
N96fBsc7GVy-00312-00083892-00084132 it's some sort of hidden cave define
N96fBsc7GVy-00313-00084133-00084425 like there was an Phantom Hourglass
N96fBsc7GVy-00314-00084426-00084575 something like that I mean I'm not
N96fBsc7GVy-00315-00084576-00084767 Phantom Hourglass ah I'm more like a
N96fBsc7GVy-00316-00084768-00084917 Link to the Past you could pick up a
N96fBsc7GVy-00317-00084918-00085124 rock and then there a v8 a hole
N96fBsc7GVy-00318-00085125-00085298 underneath it or something like that
N96fBsc7GVy-00319-00085299-00085432 it's not really that sort of thing in
N96fBsc7GVy-00320-00085433-00085664 this game it's more about blowing the
N96fBsc7GVy-00321-00085665-00086000 walls Duke to smithereens what oh shoot
N96fBsc7GVy-00322-00086001-00086584 I paused how did I oh oh shoot oh shoot
N96fBsc7GVy-00323-00086585-00087561 oh shoot
N96fBsc7GVy-00324-00087562-00087831 I don't want to lose this there for
N96fBsc7GVy-00325-00087832-00087930 obvious reasons
N96fBsc7GVy-00326-00087931-00088641 okay I'm gonna do some stuff um oh I I
N96fBsc7GVy-00327-00088642-00088976 think that actually loaded my old safe
N96fBsc7GVy-00328-00088977-00089306 file and I don't have a backup for like
N96fBsc7GVy-00329-00089307-00089645 ages Oh No
N96fBsc7GVy-00330-00089646-00089776 [Music]
N96fBsc7GVy-00331-00089777-00090443 are you serious
N96fBsc7GVy-00332-00090444-00090735 is it is there a way to undo the load
N96fBsc7GVy-00333-00090736-00092334 State oh my god oh my god are you
N96fBsc7GVy-00334-00092335-00092547 serious
NrGuVLrJhxc-00000-00000156-00000509 there's a puppy come here little puppy
NrGuVLrJhxc-00001-00000509-00000881 hey hey don't go off on your own
NrGuVLrJhxc-00002-00000882-00003427 come on kid
NrGuVLrJhxc-00003-00003428-00004541 go away you monster
NrGuVLrJhxc-00004-00004542-00004763 they just keep on coming hold on your
NrGuVLrJhxc-00005-00004764-00005106 weapons leave the rest of me
NrGuVLrJhxc-00006-00005107-00005272 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00007-00005273-00005483 good
NrGuVLrJhxc-00008-00005484-00006367 I'm not scared
NrGuVLrJhxc-00009-00006368-00006948 to cut you up into
NrGuVLrJhxc-00010-00006950-00007396 you can't fight me
NrGuVLrJhxc-00011-00007397-00008455 foreign
NrGuVLrJhxc-00012-00008456-00008801 a resident at that shelter you came at a
NrGuVLrJhxc-00013-00008802-00009010 bad time this place was invaded by
NrGuVLrJhxc-00014-00009011-00009514 zombies a week ago you should leave
NrGuVLrJhxc-00015-00009515-00009731 there's a side door up ahead we can
NrGuVLrJhxc-00016-00009732-00010013 enter the shelter from there
NrGuVLrJhxc-00017-00010014-00011273 do you know how to open it
NrGuVLrJhxc-00018-00011274-00011423 he was in charge of guarding the side
NrGuVLrJhxc-00019-00011424-00011537 entrance
NrGuVLrJhxc-00020-00011538-00011771 poor guy
NrGuVLrJhxc-00021-00011772-00012023 hope you remembered your case
NrGuVLrJhxc-00022-00012024-00012281 drawings look like hints maybe they'll
NrGuVLrJhxc-00023-00012282-00013060 help us unlock the door
NrGuVLrJhxc-00024-00013061-00014422 the buttons in the correct door
NrGuVLrJhxc-00025-00014423-00014699 it's getting late we need to hurry brace
NrGuVLrJhxc-00026-00014700-00015371 ourselves you won't like what you see
NrGuVLrJhxc-00027-00015372-00015852 foreign
NrGuVLrJhxc-00029-00020245-00020975 thank you
NrGuVLrJhxc-00030-00020976-00021763 I'll Crush you
NrGuVLrJhxc-00031-00021764-00022055 what a warm welcome
NrGuVLrJhxc-00032-00022056-00022955 oh I'm glad we got past there
NrGuVLrJhxc-00033-00022956-00025600 blocking some things from coming out
NrGuVLrJhxc-00034-00025601-00025787 that looked painful
NrGuVLrJhxc-00035-00025788-00026056 ever been better
NrGuVLrJhxc-00036-00026057-00026333 there's uh some useful stuff in there
NrGuVLrJhxc-00037-00026333-00026518 search carefully so we don't miss a
NrGuVLrJhxc-00038-00026519-00026717 thing
NrGuVLrJhxc-00039-00026718-00026843 huh
NrGuVLrJhxc-00040-00026844-00027037 we can use this to fuel the car
NrGuVLrJhxc-00041-00027038-00027731 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00042-00027732-00028781 no one's getting through this
NrGuVLrJhxc-00043-00028782-00029945 no one's getting through this
NrGuVLrJhxc-00044-00029945-00030593 I'm not scared of you
NrGuVLrJhxc-00046-00034346-00035357 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00047-00035358-00036373 all right
NrGuVLrJhxc-00048-00036374-00036659 I'm more proficient with the gun than a
NrGuVLrJhxc-00049-00036660-00036818 hoe
NrGuVLrJhxc-00050-00036819-00037396 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00051-00037397-00038009 I'll trust you
NrGuVLrJhxc-00052-00038010-00040937 foreign
NrGuVLrJhxc-00054-00043974-00044230 whatever you say Commander
NrGuVLrJhxc-00055-00044231-00045107 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00056-00045108-00045502 I need more food to start work
NrGuVLrJhxc-00057-00045503-00045887 work work gotta get that bread
NrGuVLrJhxc-00058-00045888-00046532 I need more food to start work
NrGuVLrJhxc-00059-00046533-00046799 [Music]
NrGuVLrJhxc-00060-00046800-00047179 oh terrifying their minds are terrified
NrGuVLrJhxc-00061-00047180-00047518 they're monsters everywhere thank you I
NrGuVLrJhxc-00062-00047519-00047699 can finally go home what's the use of
NrGuVLrJhxc-00063-00047700-00047921 farming at a time like this I'm hungry
NrGuVLrJhxc-00064-00047922-00048190 it's time to continue farming again no
NrGuVLrJhxc-00065-00048191-00048449 one's those monsters destroyed my home
NrGuVLrJhxc-00066-00048450-00048911 I'll start now I'll do anything for food
NrGuVLrJhxc-00067-00048912-00049225 foreign
NrGuVLrJhxc-00068-00049226-00049588 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00000-00000008-00000279 meet amanda bynes a child star who rose
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00001-00000280-00000495 to prominence on nickelodeon in the late
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00002-00000496-00000774 90s and early 2000s amanda was one of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00003-00000775-00000999 the quickest witted child actors in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00004-00001000-00001262 history and showed unbelievable talent
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00005-00001263-00001527 at an extremely young
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00006-00001528-00002050 it's me age
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00007-00002051-00002191 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00008-00002192-00002407 you are pretty incredible thank you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00009-00002408-00002567 you're having a good time on all that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00010-00002568-00002775 yes it's very fun cause everybody's very
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00011-00002776-00002934 nice and very funny well that you're
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00012-00002935-00003110 always laughing thank you so much for
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00013-00003111-00003263 entertaining our children because it
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00014-00003264-00003431 gives us a little free time well i want
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00015-00003432-00003615 to be in like a fashion designer i love
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00016-00003615-00003790 to draw like girls i don't really draw a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00017-00003792-00003935 guy so you know i did something special
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00018-00003936-00004119 for you it's hard you know are you a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00019-00004120-00004406 stand-up comedian yeah well my well my
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00020-00004407-00004575 dad saw like uh
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00021-00004576-00004767 an article that you know kids could do a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00022-00004768-00004967 comedy camp at the lab factory right so
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00023-00004968-00005127 it was like for six weeks or something
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00024-00005128-00005318 you know like arsenio hall came on and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00025-00005319-00005518 he would like critique your ass right
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00026-00005519-00005751 and and richard pryor came on yeah that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00027-00005752-00005991 was really cool he was so neat it was so
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00028-00005992-00006167 cool i was like wow it was so neat to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00029-00006168-00006422 meet him you know and then um
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00030-00006423-00006806 a few other people came on
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00031-00006808-00007070 and um and there was like a graduation
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00032-00007072-00007206 night and that's where the producers of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00033-00007208-00007414 the show like brian robbins and dan
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00034-00007415-00007551 schneider came on the show and they saw
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00035-00007552-00007719 me there and that was it you just got
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00036-00007720-00007910 discovered right off of the comedy yeah
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00037-00007911-00008055 how cool is it to have your own show
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00038-00008056-00008223 it's so cool i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00039-00008224-00008399 it's like my family here because i when
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00040-00008400-00008599 i did all that it was this show i did
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00041-00008600-00008799 before the show it's the same cat same
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00042-00008800-00009046 castle not the cast but the crew so it
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00043-00009047-00009527 was just really nice like my family here
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00044-00009528-00009687 you had your own show when you were like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00045-00009688-00009806 what the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00046-00009807-00010167 16 15. i was 13 but there were so many
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00047-00010168-00010319 like characters that it wasn't even like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00048-00010320-00010519 me no but it's incredible that you were
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00049-00010520-00010759 able to have your own show at 13. yeah i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00050-00010760-00010935 was lucky it wasn't i was just like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00051-00010936-00011119 everybody was really helpful and you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00052-00011120-00011383 know i was excited but i think any 13
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00053-00011384-00011727 year old kid would be you know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00054-00011728-00011878 no but it's so interesting how when
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00055-00011879-00012031 you're a kid you're sort of always like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00056-00012032-00012231 the girl scout or you know whatever
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00057-00012232-00012359 right as get older everybody sort of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00058-00012360-00012646 wants to instantly sled it up right and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00059-00012647-00012799 it's sort of nice to actually go with
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00060-00012800-00012983 something sort of funny or whatever i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00061-00012984-00013166 don't know but do you have any i never
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00062-00013168-00013391 went out as a [__] well i was one year
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00063-00013391-00013551 one year i was the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00064-00013552-00013830 naughty librarian
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00065-00013831-00013943 you know i don't want to sit there and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00066-00013944-00014055 have people say you know look how
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00067-00014056-00014230 beautiful you are even though of course
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00068-00014231-00014335 that's always
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00069-00014336-00014543 no nice to hear but like it's like i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00070-00014544-00014743 want to make people laugh and you know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00071-00014744-00015055 be goofy it's like that to me is like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00072-00015056-00015319 the greatest joy in the world there's so
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00073-00015319-00015527 many girls who go to parties and like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00074-00015528-00015766 are photographed doing it and sort of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00075-00015768-00015943 um i think they feed off of it and i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00076-00015944-00016230 think it makes them feel like you know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00077-00016231-00016383 more of it like more of a celebrity or
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00078-00016384-00016599 something and it's just that's not who i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00079-00016600-00016727 am and i feel like you don't need one
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00080-00016728-00016879 more you know there's so many girls who
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00081-00016880-00017071 are doing that so i'm going like the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00082-00017072-00017271 other route and i want to just sort of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00083-00017272-00017439 you know try to be a good role model for
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00084-00017440-00017686 kids and you know still grow up but sort
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00085-00017687-00017975 of you know like i look up to you know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00086-00017976-00018199 sergio parker the truth is you know my
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00087-00018200-00018422 my parents read the paper read magazines
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00088-00018423-00018630 and you know i don't want them seeing
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00089-00018631-00018847 anything they shouldn't be seeing
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00090-00018848-00019039 you know once you're past three they
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00091-00019040-00019303 shouldn't be seeing your your panties
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00092-00019304-00019414 i would be surprised to find out that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00093-00019415-00019599 i've grown up like i'm 23 now and i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00094-00019600-00019758 think people if they know me at all it's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00095-00019759-00019927 kind of like oh they thought of me as
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00096-00019928-00020135 that young girl i think from nickelodeon
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00097-00020136-00020311 and i've grown up so i think maybe that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00098-00020312-00020558 i'm an adult now amanda bynes making
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00099-00020559-00020775 headlines i'm doing amazing i am retired
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00100-00020776-00020950 as an actor i'm moving to new york to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00101-00020951-00021150 launch my career i am going to do a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00102-00021151-00021535 fashion line
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00103-00021536-00021775 either way man i wish you the best mom
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00104-00021776-00021999 all right for real okay no i really wish
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00105-00022000-00022167 you the best you have to delete that one
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00106-00022168-00022407 in my face i need to look beautiful and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00107-00022408-00022622 it's a bad shot all right please you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00108-00022623-00022799 look gorgeous hold up hold up
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00109-00022800-00022975 right here right here no come towards me
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00110-00022976-00023191 no come towards me no just walk towards
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00111-00023192-00023350 me can i just get a shot of you walking
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00112-00023351-00023700 towards me
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00113-00023701-00024022 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00114-00024023-00024247 my client completely denies
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00115-00024248-00024399 ever having thrown anything out the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00116-00024400-00024663 window i will shoot you in the face but
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00117-00024664-00024871 with an ugly insult it's like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00118-00024872-00025047 congratulations like that's what you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00119-00025048-00026479 guys get
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00120-00026480-00026702 hi welcome to bj investigates a show i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00121-00026704-00026935 just created and might never do again i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00122-00026936-00027151 do have a couple episodes on that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00123-00027152-00027399 surprise witness tv about amanda bynes
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00124-00027400-00027590 but today i wanted to get a little bit
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00125-00027591-00027855 of a deeper dive into the timeline
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00126-00027856-00028014 leading up to amanda bynes
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00127-00028016-00028487 conservatorship
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00128-00028488-00028631 so the first thing we're going to look
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00129-00028632-00028855 at is going to be a timeline of amanda's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00130-00028856-00029223 rebels by mtv.com okay so following a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00131-00029224-00029518 promising career as a child star binds
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00132-00029519-00029687 erratic behavior okay so this is how
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00133-00029688-00029846 many people have had erratic behavior
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00134-00029847-00030023 britney has had erratic behavior
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00135-00030024-00030270 according to mtv bam margera has had
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00136-00030272-00030495 erratic behavior according to mtv now
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00137-00030495-00030687 amanda bynes has had erratic behavior
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00138-00030688-00030918 according to mtv uh and all those people
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00139-00030919-00031223 are conservatives look at that would you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00140-00031224-00031414 even be able to put it together and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00141-00031416-00031631 imagine that mtv would be helping to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00142-00031632-00031831 spread the propaganda to put people into
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00143-00031832-00031990 conservatorships whenever they stand to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00144-00031991-00032151 make money off of that person like i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00145-00032152-00032318 don't know the jackass franchise which
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00146-00032319-00032527 it owns
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00147-00032527-00032767 the potential this article is from 2013.
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00148-00032768-00032959 at this point the potential pitfalls of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00149-00032960-00033255 childhood stardom dan schneider our
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00150-00033256-00033518 legion in hollywood for every seemingly
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00151-00033519-00033918 well-adjusted a-lister
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00152-00033919-00034183 did you read this oh my god mtv you are
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00153-00034184-00034399 wrong for this for every seemingly
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00154-00034400-00034727 well-adjusted a-lister like justin
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00155-00034728-00034990 timberlake who literally assaulted a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00156-00034991-00035327 woman on stage in front of everyone
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00157-00035328-00035511 and lied about the whole britney spears
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00158-00035512-00035687 stuff yeah well adjusted real well
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00159-00035688-00035855 adjusted or maybe it's just that his
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00160-00035856-00036095 mother lynn harlis always had a better
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00161-00036096-00036287 reign on mtv in the media than these
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00162-00036288-00036479 other people's parents but i digress
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00163-00036480-00036711 like justin timberlake or dakota fanning
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00164-00036712-00036911 there are just as many drew barrymore's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00165-00036912-00037183 britney spears's and michael jackson's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00166-00037184-00037430 who struggle to make the transition from
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00167-00037431-00037671 cute kid global adoration to awkward
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00168-00037672-00037927 teen and adult the latest example is
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00169-00037928-00038183 troubled actress amanda why did you make
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00170-00038184-00038407 me read this [__] i am upset now
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00171-00038408-00038630 whose career began with commercial work
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00172-00038631-00038871 at age seven and took her through stage
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00173-00038872-00039023 musicals and starring roles in the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00174-00039024-00039295 nickelodeon shows figure it out all that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00175-00039296-00039471 and the amanda show in the mid and late
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00176-00039472-00039735 90s but after a solid run in tv and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00177-00039736-00039990 films what a girl wants robots and easy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00178-00039991-00040255 a binds hit a rough patch that took her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00179-00040256-00040543 through citations for dui hit and run
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00180-00040544-00040790 marijuana possession and last month an
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00181-00040791-00041095 involuntary psychiatric hold everybody
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00182-00041096-00041311 knows about that one 5150 who's been in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00183-00041312-00041458 one of those brittany
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00184-00041459-00041607 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00185-00041608-00041743 bam
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00186-00041744-00041871 kanye
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00187-00041872-00042023 amanda
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00188-00042024-00042127 lindsey
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00189-00042128-00042318 but stevo
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00190-00042319-00042495 right the list goes on all these people
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00191-00042496-00042711 have these mtv connections nickelodeon
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00192-00042712-00043087 paramount mtv and vh1 and viacom and cbs
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00193-00043088-00043271 are all owned by the same parent the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00194-00043272-00043487 recent video that we just did moments
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00195-00043488-00043623 ago that i don't know when y'all are
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00196-00043624-00043855 gonna see on dan schneider talked about
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00197-00043856-00044118 his relationship with the now head of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00198-00044119-00044383 some big head honcho type of guy at cbs
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00199-00044384-00044646 so what myself and my team and jake have
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00200-00044647-00044846 started to realize is usually whenever
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00201-00044847-00045079 there's an abuse of a celebrity there is
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00202-00045080-00045343 some network behind it who stands to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00203-00045344-00045655 make a lot of money off of the abuse but
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00204-00045656-00045823 that's just what we end up finding and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00205-00045824-00045983 like honestly prove me wrong i don't
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00206-00045984-00046118 like living in a world where this is
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00207-00046119-00046271 happening so she's doing all these
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00208-00046272-00046423 crimes and then they put her in an
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00209-00046424-00046630 involuntary psychiatric hole after she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00210-00046631-00046830 reportedly set fire on a stranger's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00211-00046831-00047086 driveway as we await word on what is
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00212-00047087-00047246 next for binds again this is an article
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00213-00047247-00047511 from 2013 whose involuntary hold has
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00214-00047512-00047686 been extended to 30 days so that would
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00215-00047687-00048055 be a 52-50 hole mtv news looks back at
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00216-00048056-00048262 the rough patch that led up to the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00217-00048263-00048567 actress's latest legal entanglement
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00218-00048568-00048815 after changing up her until then
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00219-00048816-00049030 family-friendly image and appearing in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00220-00049031-00049295 lingerie in maxim magazine in february
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00221-00049296-00049527 bines announced in june 2010 that she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00222-00049528-00049711 was retiring from acting with the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00223-00049712-00049911 following quote i don't love acting
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00224-00049912-00050135 anymore so i've stopped doing it she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00225-00050136-00050343 tweeted though she changed her mind a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00226-00050344-00050623 short time later and unretired vines vow
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00227-00050624-00050855 to take some time off has lasted for
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00228-00050856-00051135 three years
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00229-00051136-00051326 so then you have march 2012 which would
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00230-00051327-00051479 be two years later from where we just
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00231-00051479-00051758 read following a long radio silence
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00232-00051759-00052014 broken by the occasional tweet bines
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00233-00052015-00052238 debuts her new light purple hairdo
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00234-00052239-00052494 alongside a tweet of the mia lyric quote
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00235-00052495-00052711 live fast die young bad girls do it well
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00236-00052712-00052926 the next day she drove away from the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00237-00052927-00053111 scene of a police stop after she was
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00238-00053112-00053303 pulled over for talking on her phone
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00239-00053304-00053463 while driving so i don't know if she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00240-00053464-00053582 should have probably did that but i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00241-00053583-00053742 wasn't there and maybe we should request
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00242-00053744-00054054 the body camera footage from that stop
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00243-00054055-00054319 then april 2012 she was arrested on a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00244-00054320-00054526 misdemeanor charge of driving under the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00245-00054527-00054679 influence after getting into a minor
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00246-00054679-00054894 fender bender according to the la county
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00247-00054895-00055087 sheriff's department she tried to pass a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00248-00055088-00055319 police car and then she rear-ended them
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00249-00055320-00055687 april 9 2012 her father rick told people
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00250-00055688-00055871 magazine that his daughter was not drunk
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00251-00055872-00056126 and that she doesn't drink he blamed her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00252-00056127-00056366 seemingly intoxicated behavior on her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00253-00056367-00056591 being upset and very emotional about
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00254-00056591-00056887 being arrested the next day tmz reported
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00255-00056888-00057119 that amanda smashed her rental car into
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00256-00057120-00057350 another vehicle on an la freeway and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00257-00057351-00057582 then fled at the scene then the next
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00258-00057583-00057671 month
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00259-00057672-00057975 may 2012 amanda denied the dui
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00260-00057976-00058150 allegations on twitter writing i can't
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00261-00058151-00058335 help but laugh at all of you writing
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00262-00058336-00058582 fake stories about me i was not in any
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00263-00058583-00058887 hit and runs i don't drink so the dui
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00264-00058888-00059166 allegation is false
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00265-00059167-00059382 the next month an attorney for amanda
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00266-00059383-00059711 entered a not guilty plea on her behalf
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00267-00059712-00059815 and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00268-00059816-00060023 bynes tweeted out to president barack
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00269-00060024-00060206 obama to help her with her legal
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00270-00060207-00060406 troubles i don't drink please fire the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00271-00060407-00060654 cop who arrested me i also don't hit and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00272-00060655-00060879 run the end and this seems like maybe a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00273-00060879-00061094 little unhinged but if you actually look
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00274-00061095-00061271 at what kanye west did he did the exact
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00275-00061272-00061415 same thing when kanye west thought he
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00276-00061416-00061503 was about to be put into a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00277-00061504-00061630 conservatorship he made friends with
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00278-00061632-00061815 donald trump when amanda thought clearly
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00279-00061816-00061982 something was going on she was being set
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00280-00061983-00062142 up she was attempting to reach out to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00281-00062144-00062335 the president of the united states to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00282-00062336-00062494 let them know that something was amiss
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00283-00062495-00062726 seems unhinged unless it's happening to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00284-00062727-00063030 you who would you call for help
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00285-00063032-00063263 okay so that was june not guilty and she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00286-00063264-00063503 tweets up barack obama august 2012 a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00287-00063504-00063782 motorist reported that bynes rear-ended
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00288-00063783-00064054 her vehicle on ventura boulevard stopped
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00289-00064055-00064199 briefly claimed there was no damage and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00290-00064200-00064391 drove off the woman claimed 800 in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00291-00064391-00064542 damage and that vines did not provide
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00292-00064544-00064711 proof of insurance or wait for police to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00293-00064712-00064911 be called in the next month september
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00294-00064912-00065159 tmz posts images of binds smoking what
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00295-00065160-00065326 looks like a marijuana pipe in her car
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00296-00065327-00065559 before driving around aimlessly
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00297-00065560-00065750 with a suspended license don't drink and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00298-00065751-00065879 drive don't smoke and drive but i think
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00299-00065880-00066023 it's funny okay okay after being ordered
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00300-00066024-00066206 by judge not to drive she is stopped and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00301-00066207-00066350 cited for driving with a suspended
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00302-00066351-00066575 license police impound her car and write
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00303-00066576-00066806 a misdemeanor citation after observing
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00304-00066807-00067015 her parking in a no parking zone and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00305-00067016-00067199 driving around aimlessly near the valet
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00306-00067200-00067550 area
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00307-00067551-00067726 well she's clearly not speaking or
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00308-00067727-00067903 acknowledging it and it's clear she's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00309-00067904-00068175 not using her eyes either come on amanda
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00310-00068176-00068303 is going to be hard to drive without
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00311-00068304-00068471 that with that thing on i'm not who you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00312-00068472-00068559 think that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00313-00068560-00068806 okay amanda yeah yeah we already seen
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00314-00068807-00068982 your face amanda you didn't have are you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00315-00068983-00069079 serious
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00316-00069080-00069231 you changed your hair color but we know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00317-00069232-00069494 oh she's just oh
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00318-00069495-00069679 she just hit your car
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00319-00069680-00069863 she just hit your car we didn't make her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00320-00069864-00070103 do anything okay girl this is so long
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00321-00070104-00070319 right vines reportedly in september was
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00322-00070320-00070494 kicked out of a hollywood gym spinning
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00323-00070495-00070687 class for wearing lingerie and acting
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00324-00070688-00070919 erratically like that's the thing like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00325-00070920-00071111 she oh she got kicked out of a class
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00326-00071112-00071255 because she was wearing lingerie what do
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00327-00071256-00071438 people wear to the gym sports bras and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00328-00071439-00071631 booty shorts like oh she was acting
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00329-00071632-00071815 erratically see like this is just such a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00330-00071816-00072175 propaganda piece such a propaganda piece
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00331-00072176-00072406 in november she's threatened to sue in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00332-00072407-00072582 touch magazine for a story alleging she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00333-00072583-00072743 walked around a new york tanning salon
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00334-00072744-00072950 naked i'm not troubled she said at the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00335-00072951-00073247 time i don't get naked in public i'm 26
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00336-00073248-00073519 a multi-millionaire retired please
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00337-00073520-00073791 respect my privacy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00338-00073792-00073903 do you regret what you said about your
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00339-00073904-00074047 dad this morning
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00340-00074048-00074206 amanda do you regret the claims you made
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00341-00074207-00075279 about your dad
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00342-00075280-00075526 amanda have you apologized to that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00343-00075527-00076743 panda if you apologize to that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00344-00076744-00076982 amanda do you uh do you think that are
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00345-00076983-00077103 you worried about your your mental
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00346-00077104-00077238 health
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00347-00077239-00078950 are you worried about your health
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00348-00078951-00080055 my mother
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00349-00080056-00080150 are you worried about your friends
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00350-00080151-00080255 amanda are you worried about what's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00351-00080256-00080438 going to happen
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00352-00080439-00080871 i will never speak to my father's penis
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00353-00080872-00081031 i can't believe he shows me
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00354-00081032-00082508 like honestly my dad is the most
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00355-00082509-00083276 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00356-00083277-00083703 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00357-00083704-00083831 amanda do you think this will have
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00358-00083832-00083935 damaged your relationship with your
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00359-00083936-00085423 parents forever
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00360-00085424-00085735 is it true you're engaged
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00361-00085736-00085926 with each other engaged
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00362-00085927-00086111 who are you engaged to amanda who's the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00363-00086112-00086455 lucky guy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00364-00086456-00086623 what's his name i'm not telling you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00365-00086624-00086750 anyone here when do you plan on getting
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00366-00086751-00088294 married a man just tell us his name
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00367-00088295-00088567 coming okay
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00368-00088568-00088759 let's walk through the car
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00369-00088760-00089015 thanks so much
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00370-00089016-00089206 where are you going about your father
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00371-00089207-00089415 are you going so who's your lucky guy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00372-00089416-00089511 he was like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00373-00089512-00089662 a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00374-00089663-00090255 an ethical
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00375-00090256-00090447 send her into a mental
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00376-00090448-00090655 hospital like how dare you look like my
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00377-00090656-00090935 parents are insane i'm not saying
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00378-00090936-00091038 are you worried about what's gonna
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00379-00091039-00091126 happen
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00380-00091127-00091623 they're all ready
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00381-00091624-00091750 what about everyone saying that you're
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00382-00091751-00092055 praying here
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00383-00092056-00092238 you're not we love your hannah we love
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00384-00092239-00092406 you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00385-00092407-00092737 we know you're not crazy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00386-00092738-00093559 [Music]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00387-00093560-00094831 we're in the parking lot right here
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00388-00094832-00096711 hey amanda so who's your fiancee
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00389-00096712-00096903 though your father shined his penis for
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00390-00096904-00097135 you though my father's put in jail for a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00391-00097136-00097406 very long time
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00392-00097407-00097647 in february she posted the first of a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00393-00097648-00097847 slew of tweets in which she calls people
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00394-00097848-00098094 ugly starting with jay-z and later
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00395-00098095-00098391 including drake zac efron jenny mccarthy
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00396-00098392-00098647 president obama and the first lady miley
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00397-00098648-00098894 cyrus rihanna lance bass agreed and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00398-00098895-00099111 courtney love a month later she tweets
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00399-00099112-00099374 that she wants drizzy to murder her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00400-00099375-00099559 vagina
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00401-00099560-00099838 in april 2013 after a series of selfies
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00402-00099839-00100111 in various wigs vines reveals that she
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00403-00100112-00100335 has an eating disorder and demands that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00404-00100336-00100550 magazines only use photos she has
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00405-00100551-00100711 uploaded when writing about her which
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00406-00100712-00100894 seems reasonable other reports claim
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00407-00100895-00101071 that she was kicked out of a gymnastics
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00408-00101072-00101215 class after talking to herself and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00409-00101216-00101382 crying and that she is photographed
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00410-00101383-00101535 walking in public with appears to be a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00411-00101536-00101694 joint in her mouth she also tweets
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00412-00101695-00101862 pictures of her partially shaved head
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00413-00101863-00102047 tells followers she no longer speaks to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00414-00102048-00102231 her parents and uploads images of her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00415-00102232-00102454 topless and just wearing a black bra may
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00416-00102455-00102694 2013 she is arrested in new york after
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00417-00102695-00102918 reportedly throwing a glass bong out of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00418-00102919-00103054 her apartment window and smoking
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00419-00103055-00103263 marijuana in the building's lobby search
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00420-00103264-00103478 was made for the bomb nothing was
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00421-00103479-00103734 recovered my client completely denies
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00422-00103735-00103886 ever having thrown anything out the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00423-00103888-00104127 window she was followed illegally into
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00424-00104128-00104471 her apartment for no reason
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00425-00104472-00104694 she has filed a complaint i believe with
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00426-00104695-00104775 the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00427-00104776-00104943 federal affairs for inappropriate
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00428-00104944-00105207 actions by the police department
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00429-00105208-00105407 vines claims the bong was just a vase
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00430-00105408-00105623 and denies that she was taken in for
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00431-00105624-00105807 psychiatric evaluation appearing in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00432-00105808-00105943 court looking disheveled in an
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00433-00105944-00106102 ill-fitting blonde way they had to tell
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00434-00106103-00106366 me was ill-fitting fines later threatens
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00435-00106367-00106590 to sue the new york police department
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00436-00106591-00106839 after claiming she was sexually harassed
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00437-00106840-00106999 by the arresting officers which i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00438-00107000-00107247 believe after the arrest she lashes out
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00439-00107248-00107415 via twitter at rihanna for being not
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00440-00107416-00107527 pretty enough
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00441-00107528-00107702 that's not true amanda that's false and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00442-00107703-00107886 she writes that she's allergic to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00443-00107888-00108095 marijuana and alcohol is getting a nose
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00444-00108096-00108319 job prepping for a career as a rapper
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00445-00108320-00108678 diamond simon simon's on my fish
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00446-00108679-00108934 and beefs ensue with courtney love and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00447-00108935-00109102 the new york police department
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00448-00109103-00109310 announcing that no evidence can be found
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00449-00109311-00109543 to support being's sexual harassment
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00450-00109544-00109758 claims well her claims are evidence
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00451-00109759-00109902 that's the issue new york police
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00452-00109903-00110143 department when somebody makes a claim
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00453-00110144-00110343 and says they'll sign under penalty of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00454-00110344-00110686 perjury that is evidence so
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00455-00110688-00110927 there was evidence at least some so that
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00456-00110928-00111047 was a lie when you said that you
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00457-00111048-00111223 couldn't find evidence so just tell the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00458-00111224-00111575 truth then july 2013 amanda arrives in
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00459-00111576-00111831 court for the bong tossing hearing and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00460-00111832-00112047 she was wearing a blue tinged wig
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00461-00112048-00112254 reportedly videotaped a day later
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00462-00112255-00112454 walking with an odd gate down 58th
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00463-00112455-00112663 street in her platinum wig
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00464-00112664-00113039 july 22nd 2013 vines is put in another
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00465-00113040-00113399 involuntary 5150 psychiatric hold after
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00466-00113400-00113639 reportedly starting a fire on a random
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00467-00113640-00113854 stranger's driveway in thousand oaks
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00468-00113855-00114223 california near her childhood home
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00469-00114224-00114527 amanda bynes making headlines once again
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00470-00114528-00114702 and now she's forced to undergo a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00471-00114703-00114883 mandatory mental health
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00472-00114883-00115110 evaluation what's on fire
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00473-00115111-00115471 it's uh it's like a small piece of cloth
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00474-00115472-00115583 and
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00475-00115583-00115807 a gasoline paint witnesses say the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00476-00115808-00116102 former child star wearing a blonde wig
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00477-00116103-00116295 set fire to this driveway in southern
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00478-00116296-00116495 california monday night
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00479-00116496-00116758 i saw this girl laying down right here
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00480-00116759-00116958 with her left hand leg on fire when i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00481-00116959-00117071 look at her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00482-00117072-00117190 i'm like
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00483-00117191-00117471 it's amanda bynes she was like really
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00484-00117472-00117639 frantic like she wanted to get out of
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00485-00117640-00117847 there and she's like my dog
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00486-00117848-00118095 you know has been burned he says bynes
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00487-00118096-00118358 tried hailing a cab to get away i was
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00488-00118359-00118551 like don't take her i don't know what's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00489-00118552-00118743 going on with her at all
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00490-00118744-00119015 like do not let her in the car deputies
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00491-00119016-00119190 responded to the scene and talked to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00492-00119191-00119407 binds but did not charge her with a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00493-00119408-00119583 crime they determined that she met the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00494-00119583-00119902 criteria of 5150 of the welfare
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00495-00119903-00120143 institutions code so a 5150 is a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00496-00120144-00120343 psychiatric hold it means the patients
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00497-00120344-00120534 can be taken involuntarily from where
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00498-00120535-00120710 they are and to be put in a setting
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00499-00120711-00120919 where they're evaluated by specialists
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00500-00120920-00121147 in a hospital so psychiatrists and a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00501-00121148-00121334 multi-disciplinary team will evaluate
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00502-00121335-00121534 her overnight bynes remained in the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00503-00121535-00121751 hospital on a mental health home where
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00504-00121752-00122071 she can be observed for up to 72 hours
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00505-00122072-00122295 abc news reached out to her attorney but
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00506-00122296-00122551 was told no comment the hair spray
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00507-00122552-00122775 actress has been in and out of court
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00508-00122776-00122990 sparking hair-raising headlines with her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00509-00122991-00123278 colorful wigs and bizarre behavior i
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00510-00123279-00123495 think amanda's been in the public eye so
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00511-00123496-00123719 long that there's a twisted part of her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00512-00123720-00123975 that thinks this attention may be good
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00513-00123976-00124375 then august 2013 an la judge agreed to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00514-00124376-00124639 extend binez's involuntary psychiatric
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00515-00124640-00124847 hold to 30 days and her parents are
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00516-00124848-00125086 granted a temporary conservatorship
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00517-00125088-00125327 allowing them to take control of her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00518-00125328-00125463 affairs
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00519-00125464-00125719 you haven't been to jail no no jail not
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00520-00125720-00126086 right yet rehab no no rehab amanda binds
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00521-00126088-00126247 what kind of a starlet are you i know
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00522-00126248-00126439 what's wrong with me i don't know it's
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00523-00126440-00126647 shocking how it it's become popular to
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00524-00126648-00126814 go to rehab today i want to talk about a
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00525-00126815-00127014 controversial thing
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00526-00127015-00127231 my conservatorship phase
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00527-00127232-00127399 [Applause]
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00528-00127400-00127590 a series of driving violations
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00529-00127591-00127871 disturbing tweets even a hospitalization
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00530-00127872-00128102 under a psychiatric hold could her
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00531-00128103-00128390 recent public outburst be a cry for help
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00532-00128391-00128647 now according to a friend of the actress
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00533-00128648-00128895 she's playing out her latest role i feel
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00534-00128896-00129095 like she wants like britney spears
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00535-00129096-00129375 meltdown fame amanda byes is a very very
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00536-00129376-00129639 sick person
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00537-00129640-00129831 amanda thought she was going to see the
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00538-00129832-00129943 lawyer
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00539-00129944-00130127 but when she walked inside she was
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00540-00130128-00130440 surrounded by hospital staff
Ns9hl8O30Lg-00541-00130441-00130759 [Music]
NuOzYelGHxg-00000-00000040-00000142 and get
NuOzYelGHxg-00001-00000143-00000303 african-americans their full civil
NuOzYelGHxg-00002-00000304-00000399 rights
NuOzYelGHxg-00003-00000400-00000543 and as you know
NuOzYelGHxg-00004-00000544-00000711 i always like to remind people of his
NuOzYelGHxg-00005-00000712-00000871 last words he was
NuOzYelGHxg-00006-00000872-00001023 fatally wounded
NuOzYelGHxg-00007-00001024-00001295 at the ambassador hotel in l.a
NuOzYelGHxg-00008-00001296-00001495 and as he lay on the floor of the hotel
NuOzYelGHxg-00009-00001496-00001695 his last words were
NuOzYelGHxg-00010-00001696-00001863 is everyone all right
NuOzYelGHxg-00011-00001864-00002039 because he knew he'd been shot he almost
NuOzYelGHxg-00012-00002039-00002239 surely knew he was mortally wounded but
NuOzYelGHxg-00013-00002240-00002407 he didn't know if the shooter got
NuOzYelGHxg-00014-00002408-00002567 somebody else he hit rosie grier didn't
NuOzYelGHxg-00015-00002568-00002775 miss my wife okay this is his last
NuOzYelGHxg-00016-00002776-00002958 thought is everyone else okay so you
NuOzYelGHxg-00017-00002959-00003175 know in seven years
NuOzYelGHxg-00018-00003176-00003422 he went from being a irritating little
NuOzYelGHxg-00019-00003423-00003519 snip
NuOzYelGHxg-00020-00003520-00003735 to being one of the great people on this
NuOzYelGHxg-00021-00003736-00003927 planet and this is the thing about human
NuOzYelGHxg-00022-00003928-00004127 beings we really can change there can be
NuOzYelGHxg-00023-00004128-00004295 a change of heart
NuOzYelGHxg-00024-00004296-00004687 and that's what we don't see so much
Nv65g05X3dI-00000-00000055-00000652 [Music]
Nv65g05X3dI-00001-00000653-00001183 [Music]
Nv65g05X3dI-00002-00001184-00001431 to help prevent the spread of covet 19
Nv65g05X3dI-00003-00001432-00001630 the university has leveraged the use of
Nv65g05X3dI-00004-00001632-00001791 easy-to-use tech tools
Nv65g05X3dI-00005-00001792-00001982 to help students identify potential
Nv65g05X3dI-00006-00001984-00002167 exposure and track the spread of the
Nv65g05X3dI-00007-00002168-00002239 virus
Nv65g05X3dI-00008-00002240-00002423 health check is an assessment tool that
Nv65g05X3dI-00009-00002424-00002583 allows users to report
Nv65g05X3dI-00010-00002584-00002831 possible coveted symptoms and exposure
Nv65g05X3dI-00011-00002832-00002999 the health check assessment is quick and
Nv65g05X3dI-00012-00003000-00003063 easy
Nv65g05X3dI-00013-00003064-00003263 it takes about 30 seconds to fill out
Nv65g05X3dI-00014-00003264-00003422 students will be required to complete
Nv65g05X3dI-00015-00003423-00003543 the health check assessment
Nv65g05X3dI-00016-00003544-00003727 at least every three days but can
Nv65g05X3dI-00017-00003728-00003967 complete it as often as every day
Nv65g05X3dI-00018-00003968-00004119 make sure to enter your phone number
Nv65g05X3dI-00019-00004120-00004319 when you first take the assessment
Nv65g05X3dI-00020-00004320-00004527 doing this will allow healthcheck to
Nv65g05X3dI-00021-00004528-00004695 send you a text reminder every three
Nv65g05X3dI-00022-00004696-00005296 days to complete the assessment
NxIsgwy_hmY-00000-00000003-00000137 what's going on guys it's on New York
NxIsgwy_hmY-00001-00000138-00000265 and today I'm bringing you a brand new
NxIsgwy_hmY-00002-00000266-00000386 video where we're gonna be talking about
NxIsgwy_hmY-00003-00000387-00000611 how you can get easy headshots in call
NxIsgwy_hmY-00004-00000612-00001700 of duty modern warfare now I've broken
NxIsgwy_hmY-00005-00001701-00001922 this video down into four components we
NxIsgwy_hmY-00006-00001923-00002120 have your play style game modes
NxIsgwy_hmY-00007-00002121-00002339 attachments and the settings that you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00008-00002340-00002584 can change to maximize the number of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00009-00002585-00002747 headshots that you're getting every
NxIsgwy_hmY-00010-00002748-00002926 single game as always guys before we
NxIsgwy_hmY-00011-00002927-00003076 jump into it just make sure you drop a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00012-00003077-00003235 thumbs up on the video subscribe and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00013-00003236-00003463 turn on the notification so the YouTube
NxIsgwy_hmY-00014-00003464-00003722 overlords the YouTube algorithm knows
NxIsgwy_hmY-00015-00003722-00003911 that you enjoy my content and you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00016-00003911-00004081 wouldn't mind seeing more so just for a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00017-00004082-00004279 little bit of context I went into my
NxIsgwy_hmY-00018-00004280-00004481 settings and I figured out how many
NxIsgwy_hmY-00019-00004482-00004766 kills I have with guns and how many
NxIsgwy_hmY-00020-00004767-00005000 headshots I have amongst those kills and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00021-00005001-00005252 it turns out that I have 100 in for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00022-00005253-00005479 headshots across four hundred and forty
NxIsgwy_hmY-00023-00005480-00005729 two kills which means my headshot ratio
NxIsgwy_hmY-00024-00005730-00006113 is about 24% so 24 percent of kills I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00025-00006114-00006341 get a headshot that's almost one in four
NxIsgwy_hmY-00026-00006342-00006545 so let's say you get 10 kills every
NxIsgwy_hmY-00027-00006545-00006706 single game that's between two and three
NxIsgwy_hmY-00028-00006708-00006959 headshots every single game however I've
NxIsgwy_hmY-00029-00006959-00007228 only recently started using these
NxIsgwy_hmY-00030-00007229-00007373 tactics and I think you can easily
NxIsgwy_hmY-00031-00007373-00007609 double that amount every single game so
NxIsgwy_hmY-00032-00007611-00007817 you can get up so maybe 50% of your
NxIsgwy_hmY-00033-00007818-00008048 kills our headshots just by implementing
NxIsgwy_hmY-00034-00008048-00008219 everything that we talked about in this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00035-00008220-00008389 video so like I said the first thing I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00036-00008390-00008549 want to talk about is your play style
NxIsgwy_hmY-00037-00008550-00008813 and how you are approaching headshots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00038-00008814-00009005 when it comes to call of duty modern
NxIsgwy_hmY-00039-00009006-00009248 warfare now of course the first method
NxIsgwy_hmY-00040-00009249-00009478 the first thing that you have to do when
NxIsgwy_hmY-00041-00009479-00009656 you decide okay I want to go for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00042-00009657-00009799 headshots if you think to yourself I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00043-00009800-00010031 want to get more headshots in this game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00044-00010032-00010231 there's going to have to be a trade off
NxIsgwy_hmY-00045-00010232-00010399 so the first thing I have to do is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00046-00010400-00010649 change your play style a little bit so
NxIsgwy_hmY-00047-00010650-00010867 aim ad your enemies with the intention
NxIsgwy_hmY-00048-00010868-00011038 of getting a headshot and not getting a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00049-00011039-00011239 kill so I know this sounds super simple
NxIsgwy_hmY-00050-00011240-00011513 but it's not really as intuitive as you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00051-00011514-00011689 think because when you're playing a game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00052-00011690-00011839 like this where the time to kill is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00053-00011840-00012070 super super fast and you see somebody in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00054-00012071-00012230 the corner of your eye you just snap on
NxIsgwy_hmY-00055-00012231-00012383 them and the first thing that you do
NxIsgwy_hmY-00056-00012384-00012524 instinctively is try to kill them right
NxIsgwy_hmY-00057-00012525-00012659 that's the first thing that it's
NxIsgwy_hmY-00058-00012660-00012877 hardwired into your brain if you if
NxIsgwy_hmY-00059-00012878-00013049 you've been playing Call of Duty for 10
NxIsgwy_hmY-00060-00013050-00013291 years now that's just built into your
NxIsgwy_hmY-00061-00013293-00013363 brain think
NxIsgwy_hmY-00062-00013363-00013582 okay snap onto target kill target like
NxIsgwy_hmY-00063-00013583-00013780 that's what you do but if you want to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00064-00013781-00013984 get headshots more frequently you kind
NxIsgwy_hmY-00065-00013985-00014179 of have to break that habit and you have
NxIsgwy_hmY-00066-00014180-00014359 to when you go into a gunfight think
NxIsgwy_hmY-00067-00014360-00014563 let's get a headshot this gunfight and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00068-00014563-00014860 what that does is obviously if you get
NxIsgwy_hmY-00069-00014861-00015127 good at this you're going to be getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00070-00015128-00015271 more headshots with every single kill
NxIsgwy_hmY-00071-00015272-00015441 that you get and what this entails is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00072-00015443-00015634 instead of aiming at the body you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00073-00015635-00015865 aiming at the upper body head area of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00074-00015866-00016044 your enemies and what that means is as
NxIsgwy_hmY-00075-00016045-00016276 you're adjusting to getting more
NxIsgwy_hmY-00076-00016277-00016408 headshots you're probably gonna get
NxIsgwy_hmY-00077-00016409-00016632 fewer kills for a couple of games
NxIsgwy_hmY-00078-00016633-00016872 obviously it's harder to shoot people in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00079-00016873-00017097 the upper body and head than it is to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00080-00017098-00017305 just put your bullets anywhere that they
NxIsgwy_hmY-00081-00017306-00017527 land on the enemy and that requires a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00082-00017528-00017704 little bit more accuracy a little bit
NxIsgwy_hmY-00083-00017705-00017965 better aim so naturally as you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00084-00017966-00018100 adapting to things that we talked about
NxIsgwy_hmY-00085-00018101-00018259 in this video you may see that you get a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00086-00018260-00018475 fewer kills every single game however
NxIsgwy_hmY-00087-00018476-00018643 once you get good at this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00088-00018644-00018822 with the headshot multiplier in this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00089-00018823-00018940 game you're actually probably gonna
NxIsgwy_hmY-00090-00018941-00019093 start to do a little bit better because
NxIsgwy_hmY-00091-00019094-00019255 as we're gonna talk about later the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00092-00019256-00019453 headshot multiplier feels insane for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00093-00019454-00019663 some of these weapons and and this is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00094-00019664-00019855 really only a temporary thing so as
NxIsgwy_hmY-00095-00019856-00020025 you're adjusting to shooting people on
NxIsgwy_hmY-00096-00020026-00020287 the head huh that's an a very odd phrase
NxIsgwy_hmY-00097-00020288-00020503 it's like I'm normalizing murder anyway
NxIsgwy_hmY-00098-00020504-00020647 as you get used to going for headshots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00099-00020648-00020842 you're going to get better at it and you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00100-00020843-00021031 know you shouldn't notice any decrease
NxIsgwy_hmY-00101-00021032-00021241 in number of kills every single game the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00102-00021242-00021372 other thing I want to talk about is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00103-00021373-00021700 playing slowly and defensively so this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00104-00021701-00021892 is just a general tip for modern warfare
NxIsgwy_hmY-00105-00021893-00022135 because it seems that most people are
NxIsgwy_hmY-00106-00022136-00022402 really struggling to rush in this game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00107-00022403-00022644 the maps are built in such a way where
NxIsgwy_hmY-00108-00022645-00022933 it really does favor playing a slow more
NxIsgwy_hmY-00109-00022934-00023247 tactical more defensive play style and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00110-00023248-00023437 this really does help for getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00111-00023438-00023631 headshots because if you're controlling
NxIsgwy_hmY-00112-00023632-00023863 a small area and you know the area
NxIsgwy_hmY-00113-00023864-00023980 really well and you know where the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00114-00023981-00024181 enemies are coming from then you really
NxIsgwy_hmY-00115-00024182-00024391 have a better idea of where you should
NxIsgwy_hmY-00116-00024392-00024592 be looking so that way you can be the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00117-00024593-00024799 one who shoots first and this is a big
NxIsgwy_hmY-00118-00024800-00025087 deal for headshots because if you run
NxIsgwy_hmY-00119-00025088-00025234 around a corner and both you and the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00120-00025235-00025540 enemy you know are gonna we get into a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00121-00025541-00025705 fight and both of you start firing at
NxIsgwy_hmY-00122-00025706-00025861 the same time you're gonna be going for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00123-00025862-00025981 the head and they're gonna be going for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00124-00025982-00026175 the kill so they're probably gonna win
NxIsgwy_hmY-00125-00026176-00026377 most of those gunfights because they can
NxIsgwy_hmY-00126-00026377-00026593 they don't have that restriction so if
NxIsgwy_hmY-00127-00026594-00026722 you are playing more so
NxIsgwy_hmY-00128-00026723-00026893 defensively patrolling an area and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00129-00026894-00027124 you're able to be the first one to shoot
NxIsgwy_hmY-00130-00027125-00027304 you know where you're in the position of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00131-00027305-00027538 you're looking at a specific area and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00132-00027539-00027688 somebody comes around the corner you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00133-00027689-00027811 gonna catch them off-guard and you'll
NxIsgwy_hmY-00134-00027812-00027991 have maybe a fraction of a second to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00135-00027992-00028158 register that okay let's shoot them in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00136-00028160-00028348 the head before you have to you know
NxIsgwy_hmY-00137-00028349-00028608 have just that instant habit of just
NxIsgwy_hmY-00138-00028610-00028758 going for a kill now another thing like
NxIsgwy_hmY-00139-00028760-00028912 I said the headshot multiplier in this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00140-00028913-00029197 game really is a big deal it's it's you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00141-00029198-00029407 know a make or break certain gunfights
NxIsgwy_hmY-00142-00029408-00029566 and a lot of times it feels a little bit
NxIsgwy_hmY-00143-00029567-00029785 cheesy because you'll lose a gunfight
NxIsgwy_hmY-00144-00029786-00029964 that you feel like you might should or
NxIsgwy_hmY-00145-00029966-00030160 should have won just because the recoil
NxIsgwy_hmY-00146-00030161-00030349 kicks up and the enemy got a lucky
NxIsgwy_hmY-00147-00030350-00030574 headshot but with that being said it's
NxIsgwy_hmY-00148-00030575-00030751 actually easier to get headshots in this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00149-00030752-00030910 game because of that and if you guys
NxIsgwy_hmY-00150-00030911-00031102 didn't know the way that a headshot is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00151-00031102-00031330 calculated is it doesn't matter how many
NxIsgwy_hmY-00152-00031331-00031555 times you shoot an enemy the only thing
NxIsgwy_hmY-00153-00031556-00031714 that matters when it comes to counting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00154-00031714-00031981 as a headshot is the final bullet that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00155-00031982-00032229 kills the enemy being to their head and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00156-00032230-00032443 because the headshot multiplier is so
NxIsgwy_hmY-00157-00032444-00032617 powerful in this game it actually is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00158-00032618-00032860 gonna take less bullets to kill which
NxIsgwy_hmY-00159-00032861-00033061 means that you're more likely to get a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00160-00033062-00033202 headshot with the headshot multiplier
NxIsgwy_hmY-00161-00033203-00033457 being even higher in more simple terms
NxIsgwy_hmY-00162-00033458-00033625 what this means is in previous Call of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00163-00033626-00033781 Duty's where if you shoot them in the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00164-00033782-00033928 head they may not have died to that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00165-00033929-00034099 bullet and then your next bullet because
NxIsgwy_hmY-00166-00034100-00034255 of recoil hits them in the body and thus
NxIsgwy_hmY-00167-00034256-00034372 you don't get a you don't get the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00168-00034373-00034561 headshot in this game because the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00169-00034562-00034720 headshot multiplier are so high that you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00170-00034721-00034846 know maybe that second or third bullet
NxIsgwy_hmY-00171-00034847-00034987 that hits them in the head that wouldn't
NxIsgwy_hmY-00172-00034988-00035098 kill them in a previous Call of Duty
NxIsgwy_hmY-00173-00035099-00035275 will kill them in this one which will
NxIsgwy_hmY-00174-00035276-00035443 then count as a headshot so it's a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00175-00035444-00035572 little bit easier to get headshots in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00176-00035573-00035734 this game because of that and I think
NxIsgwy_hmY-00177-00035735-00035872 you guys understand this so let's move
NxIsgwy_hmY-00178-00035873-00036022 on to the next thing this second method
NxIsgwy_hmY-00179-00036023-00036148 and this works really well for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00180-00036149-00036319 submachine guns especially things like
NxIsgwy_hmY-00181-00036320-00036802 the mp7 or the p90 hipfiring SMGs at
NxIsgwy_hmY-00182-00036803-00036994 close range is going to be really
NxIsgwy_hmY-00183-00036995-00037126 powerful in this game for getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00184-00037127-00037351 headshots obviously again even if when
NxIsgwy_hmY-00185-00037352-00037453 you're hit flower and you should be
NxIsgwy_hmY-00186-00037454-00037738 aiming swinging towards the top of their
NxIsgwy_hmY-00187-00037739-00038005 body and again this works in this game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00188-00038006-00038164 so well because the headshot multiplier
NxIsgwy_hmY-00189-00038165-00038461 is so high whereas you know in other
NxIsgwy_hmY-00190-00038462-00038644 games this might not work because now
NxIsgwy_hmY-00191-00038645-00038893 you're missing shots but in this game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00192-00038894-00039085 the shots that you are hitting are
NxIsgwy_hmY-00193-00039086-00039187 hitting them in the head and that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00194-00039188-00039394 multipliers really gonna carry you to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00195-00039395-00039682 getting easier kills so this mainly
NxIsgwy_hmY-00196-00039683-00039832 works with submachine guns but you can
NxIsgwy_hmY-00197-00039833-00039979 try it with some of the fully automatic
NxIsgwy_hmY-00198-00039980-00040102 assault rifles or
NxIsgwy_hmY-00199-00040103-00040420 maybe LMGs probably not you can try them
NxIsgwy_hmY-00200-00040421-00040606 you can try it with those weapons but
NxIsgwy_hmY-00201-00040607-00040735 primarily if you're going for the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00202-00040736-00041002 submachine guns try this method along
NxIsgwy_hmY-00203-00041003-00041107 with some of the attachments that we're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00204-00041108-00041323 gonna talk about later and you can
NxIsgwy_hmY-00205-00041324-00041500 easily get some hipfire headshots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00206-00041501-00041641 without even really having to try too
NxIsgwy_hmY-00207-00041642-00041944 hard just by you know hip firing towards
NxIsgwy_hmY-00208-00041945-00042112 the upper body head area now of course
NxIsgwy_hmY-00209-00042113-00042313 you can adopt both methods you could
NxIsgwy_hmY-00210-00042314-00042574 adopt the slower gameplay aim for the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00211-00042575-00042793 head aim down sights method with the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00212-00042794-00043087 hipfire SMG method you can kind of do
NxIsgwy_hmY-00213-00043088-00043264 both and maximize the number of head
NxIsgwy_hmY-00214-00043265-00043420 shots that you're getting by adapting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00215-00043421-00043648 both play styles as far as the best game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00216-00043649-00043804 mode for head shots I'm gonna have to go
NxIsgwy_hmY-00217-00043805-00043969 with free-for-all and this has been my
NxIsgwy_hmY-00218-00043970-00044188 suggestion the past few years when it
NxIsgwy_hmY-00219-00044189-00044365 comes to getting head shots and this is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00220-00044366-00044491 no different for call of duty modern
NxIsgwy_hmY-00221-00044492-00044638 warfare the reason free-for-all is so
NxIsgwy_hmY-00222-00044639-00044794 good for head shots is because it limits
NxIsgwy_hmY-00223-00044795-00045028 the amount of 1 v 2 or 1 V 3 situations
NxIsgwy_hmY-00224-00045029-00045265 that you find yourself in in other game
NxIsgwy_hmY-00225-00045266-00045436 modes such as domination team deathmatch
NxIsgwy_hmY-00226-00045437-00045619 headquarters things like that now of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00227-00045620-00045736 course game modes like Search and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00228-00045737-00045928 Destroy do play a little bit slower than
NxIsgwy_hmY-00229-00045929-00046081 free-for-all which means you might be
NxIsgwy_hmY-00230-00046082-00046183 able to take your time a little bit
NxIsgwy_hmY-00231-00046184-00046360 better and get more headshots however
NxIsgwy_hmY-00232-00046361-00046591 there are no respawns in Search &
NxIsgwy_hmY-00233-00046592-00046623 Destroy
NxIsgwy_hmY-00234-00046624-00046870 so with that being said free-for-all is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00235-00046871-00046999 still gonna be my number one
NxIsgwy_hmY-00236-00047000-00047161 recommendation in terms of game modes
NxIsgwy_hmY-00237-00047162-00047461 strictly because like I said it's mostly
NxIsgwy_hmY-00238-00047462-00047626 gonna be 1v1 gunfights and you can
NxIsgwy_hmY-00239-00047627-00047755 really control them if you're playing
NxIsgwy_hmY-00240-00047756-00047965 slower and controlling a certain you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00241-00047966-00048145 know area of the map now the next thing
NxIsgwy_hmY-00242-00048146-00048271 and this is a big part of the video
NxIsgwy_hmY-00243-00048272-00048484 that's the attachments for your guns and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00244-00048485-00048583 this is probably one of the biggest
NxIsgwy_hmY-00245-00048584-00048718 things you guys are wondering when you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00246-00048719-00048919 clicked on this video is what
NxIsgwy_hmY-00247-00048920-00049084 attachments can help me with my
NxIsgwy_hmY-00248-00049085-00049288 headshots and you know the attachments
NxIsgwy_hmY-00249-00049289-00049501 vary a ton depending on which gun you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00250-00049502-00049696 actually working with whether it's an
NxIsgwy_hmY-00251-00049697-00049882 assault rifle or an SMG or even
NxIsgwy_hmY-00252-00049883-00050134 different guns in the same class have
NxIsgwy_hmY-00253-00050135-00050347 some of the different attachments for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00254-00050348-00050587 that specific weapon so obviously this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00255-00050588-00050752 is gonna be you know this I can't give
NxIsgwy_hmY-00256-00050753-00051022 you specifics for every single gun but I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00257-00051023-00051262 can tell you that if you look at the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00258-00051263-00051403 different attachments obviously it tells
NxIsgwy_hmY-00259-00051404-00051589 you what the pros and the cons are of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00260-00051590-00051889 that specific attachment anything that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00261-00051890-00052150 improves the recoil stabilization or the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00262-00052151-00052384 aiming stability are going to really
NxIsgwy_hmY-00263-00052385-00052534 really help you when it comes to getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00264-00052535-00052755 headshots when you're aiming down sights
NxIsgwy_hmY-00265-00052757-00053053 so this is what I did with my m4a1 and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00266-00053054-00053221 that's the gun I have the most headshots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00267-00053222-00053355 with and that's what I've been testing
NxIsgwy_hmY-00268-00053357-00053479 all of these
NxIsgwy_hmY-00269-00053479-00053742 all these tricks and tips on that gun
NxIsgwy_hmY-00270-00053744-00053896 specifically so when you're going
NxIsgwy_hmY-00271-00053897-00054019 through just go through every single
NxIsgwy_hmY-00272-00054020-00054201 category and attach the things that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00273-00054202-00054441 improve recoil stabilization and aiming
NxIsgwy_hmY-00274-00054442-00054657 stability this is going to prevent a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00275-00054658-00054844 little bit of idle sway it's going to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00276-00054845-00055038 prevent a little bit of recoil as well
NxIsgwy_hmY-00277-00055039-00055237 and it could even help you with a little
NxIsgwy_hmY-00278-00055238-00055419 bit of kick that you receive from
NxIsgwy_hmY-00279-00055420-00055575 getting shot at now we don't have any
NxIsgwy_hmY-00280-00055576-00055786 specific numbers or data as of yet for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00281-00055787-00056011 the attachments the game is still only a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00282-00056012-00056272 day or two old at this point so we don't
NxIsgwy_hmY-00283-00056273-00056461 have too much data on the back end there
NxIsgwy_hmY-00284-00056462-00056722 but for my for my personal opinion and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00285-00056723-00056950 from me testing out the the different
NxIsgwy_hmY-00286-00056951-00057180 tips I'm giving you guys the attachments
NxIsgwy_hmY-00287-00057182-00057361 that improve those to specific things
NxIsgwy_hmY-00288-00057362-00057550 help you a ton when it comes to getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00289-00057551-00057738 head shots while aiming down sights now
NxIsgwy_hmY-00290-00057739-00058012 of course you can also put on an optic I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00291-00058013-00058275 prefer the the first unlock the first
NxIsgwy_hmY-00292-00058276-00058438 reflex sight that's the one that I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00293-00058439-00058650 prefer for pretty much every single gun
NxIsgwy_hmY-00294-00058651-00058762 when it comes to getting headshots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00295-00058763-00059067 because it's just the most open there
NxIsgwy_hmY-00296-00059069-00059269 are some guns like the p90 that have a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00297-00059270-00059599 more a more wireframe red dot sight
NxIsgwy_hmY-00298-00059600-00059763 which definitely is a little bit better
NxIsgwy_hmY-00299-00059764-00059929 but you know for the most part in the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00300-00059929-00060129 first red dot sight is the one that I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00301-00060130-00060379 prefer the most however if you like the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00302-00060379-00060547 iron sights then I would say go ahead
NxIsgwy_hmY-00303-00060548-00060874 and use them only because it a lot of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00304-00060875-00061063 the optics will actually reduce your
NxIsgwy_hmY-00305-00061064-00061276 aim-down-sight speed which is definitely
NxIsgwy_hmY-00306-00061277-00061444 a negative when it comes to getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00307-00061445-00061605 headshots because you want to aim down
NxIsgwy_hmY-00308-00061607-00061825 sights as fast as possible snap onto
NxIsgwy_hmY-00309-00061826-00062059 their head as fast as possible and you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00310-00062060-00062203 know the optics might hinder you a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00311-00062204-00062494 little bit but again you know the dot is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00312-00062495-00062779 just so accurate and it helps me so much
NxIsgwy_hmY-00313-00062779-00062947 determine where my bullets are going
NxIsgwy_hmY-00314-00062948-00063216 that I'm willing to make that trade-off
NxIsgwy_hmY-00315-00063217-00063454 but it's up to you guys if you guys are
NxIsgwy_hmY-00316-00063454-00063579 comfortable with the iron sights on the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00317-00063580-00063738 gun that you're currently working on
NxIsgwy_hmY-00318-00063739-00063951 definitely don't add an optic because
NxIsgwy_hmY-00319-00063952-00064155 again aim down sights speed is crucial
NxIsgwy_hmY-00320-00064157-00064351 so a couple of different attachments for
NxIsgwy_hmY-00321-00064352-00064506 assault rifles that can help you in this
NxIsgwy_hmY-00322-00064507-00064690 area are the commando for grip the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00323-00064691-00064891 granulated grip tape the muzzle break
NxIsgwy_hmY-00324-00064891-00065071 the reflex sights which we just talked
NxIsgwy_hmY-00325-00065072-00065353 about the m16 stock as well
NxIsgwy_hmY-00326-00065354-00065521 and you know if we're talking about some
NxIsgwy_hmY-00327-00065522-00065688 machine guns and the hip fire method
NxIsgwy_hmY-00328-00065689-00065850 just make sure you use the laser
NxIsgwy_hmY-00329-00065851-00066010 attachment and pretty much any other
NxIsgwy_hmY-00330-00066011-00066259 attachment that's going to increase your
NxIsgwy_hmY-00331-00066260-00066487 accuracy when hip firing so that's a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00332-00066488-00066646 specific thing that you can look for in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00333-00066647-00066701 the Pro
NxIsgwy_hmY-00334-00066702-00066920 section so make sure that you do that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00335-00066921-00067052 now the final thing I want to talk about
NxIsgwy_hmY-00336-00067053-00067322 is your settings in game now a couple of
NxIsgwy_hmY-00337-00067323-00067601 things that I do I first I will turn off
NxIsgwy_hmY-00338-00067602-00067805 controller vibration because when I get
NxIsgwy_hmY-00339-00067806-00068021 into a gunfight the vibrating controller
NxIsgwy_hmY-00340-00068022-00068144 kind of is a little bit of a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00341-00068145-00068426 subconscious distraction on my hands and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00342-00068427-00068624 it may cause me to have a little bit
NxIsgwy_hmY-00343-00068625-00068849 lower accuracy so I turn off controller
NxIsgwy_hmY-00344-00068850-00068993 vibration that's more of a personal
NxIsgwy_hmY-00345-00068994-00069134 preference but I know a lot of pro
NxIsgwy_hmY-00346-00069135-00069413 players do this as well another thing is
NxIsgwy_hmY-00347-00069414-00069608 aim assist there's a couple of different
NxIsgwy_hmY-00348-00069609-00069809 aim assists in modern warfare things
NxIsgwy_hmY-00349-00069810-00069995 that we've never seen in previous Call
NxIsgwy_hmY-00350-00069996-00070132 of Duty's at least not to my knowledge
NxIsgwy_hmY-00351-00070133-00070397 so you can use the standard aim assist
NxIsgwy_hmY-00352-00070398-00070565 but there are a couple of other ones
NxIsgwy_hmY-00353-00070566-00070805 that are a little bit better if you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00354-00070806-00070961 more accurate maybe you're better at
NxIsgwy_hmY-00355-00070962-00071138 snapping onto targets so I would
NxIsgwy_hmY-00356-00071139-00071309 actually change that a little bit and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00357-00071310-00071429 mess around with the aim assist settings
NxIsgwy_hmY-00358-00071430-00071591 because you know if you're really good
NxIsgwy_hmY-00359-00071592-00071768 at snapping on their head it'll be
NxIsgwy_hmY-00360-00071769-00072041 stronger if you are more accurate with
NxIsgwy_hmY-00361-00072042-00072251 that initial snap so there's a few
NxIsgwy_hmY-00362-00072252-00072455 different settings like I said try those
NxIsgwy_hmY-00363-00072456-00072683 out if you're really accurate you might
NxIsgwy_hmY-00364-00072684-00072800 be able to change the aim assist
NxIsgwy_hmY-00365-00072801-00072977 settings to something that helps you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00366-00072978-00073238 even more when it comes to getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00367-00073239-00073493 headshots and finally you also may want
NxIsgwy_hmY-00368-00073494-00073724 to increase or decrease your sensitivity
NxIsgwy_hmY-00369-00073725-00073973 depending on the gunfights that you are
NxIsgwy_hmY-00370-00073974-00074159 losing when it comes to aiming at the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00371-00074160-00074315 head so again at the beginning of the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00372-00074316-00074588 video I talked about being able to snap
NxIsgwy_hmY-00373-00074589-00074870 onto your target and also aiming at the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00374-00074871-00074993 head as opposed to your enemy is gonna
NxIsgwy_hmY-00375-00074994-00075197 be aiming at your body if if you are
NxIsgwy_hmY-00376-00075198-00075410 finding that you're overshooting their
NxIsgwy_hmY-00377-00075411-00075605 head you're swinging trying to snap on
NxIsgwy_hmY-00378-00075606-00075791 and you're overshooting them and you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00379-00075792-00075950 going past them that means that you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00380-00075951-00076136 probably you're sensitive it's probably
NxIsgwy_hmY-00381-00076137-00076436 too high for for you know getting head
NxIsgwy_hmY-00382-00076437-00076478 shots
NxIsgwy_hmY-00383-00076479-00076640 you're just not gonna be able to focus
NxIsgwy_hmY-00384-00076641-00076811 on that specific the head is a much
NxIsgwy_hmY-00385-00076812-00076985 smaller point to focus on than just the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00386-00076986-00077213 body in general so you might need to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00387-00077214-00077369 lower the sensitivity a little bit in
NxIsgwy_hmY-00388-00077370-00077576 those instances but if you're finding
NxIsgwy_hmY-00389-00077577-00077726 that people are catching you off-guard a
NxIsgwy_hmY-00390-00077727-00077882 lot and you can't snap on them fast
NxIsgwy_hmY-00391-00077883-00078035 enough of course then you want to
NxIsgwy_hmY-00392-00078036-00078245 increase your sensitivity and maybe that
NxIsgwy_hmY-00393-00078246-00078383 could help you a little bit as well and
NxIsgwy_hmY-00394-00078384-00078578 I know this may seem obvious but when
NxIsgwy_hmY-00395-00078579-00078713 we're talking about head shots you know
NxIsgwy_hmY-00396-00078714-00078818 the first thing that comes to mind
NxIsgwy_hmY-00397-00078819-00079028 probably isn't your sensitivity so I
NxIsgwy_hmY-00398-00079029-00079169 just wanted to throw this in right at
NxIsgwy_hmY-00399-00079170-00079370 the end just so that way you guys you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00400-00079371-00079607 know kind of know that this is something
NxIsgwy_hmY-00401-00079608-00079754 that could help you a little bit now as
NxIsgwy_hmY-00402-00079755-00079910 a little bit of a bonus make sure you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00403-00079911-00080075 are running killstreaks that show you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00404-00080076-00080304 the enemy is on the mini-map the more
NxIsgwy_hmY-00405-00080305-00080513 information you have about where the
NxIsgwy_hmY-00406-00080514-00080792 enemies are the the more you can be
NxIsgwy_hmY-00407-00080793-00080969 prepared for them turning a corner or
NxIsgwy_hmY-00408-00080970-00081137 you know you can pre fire a corner
NxIsgwy_hmY-00409-00081138-00081305 because you know that they're on the way
NxIsgwy_hmY-00410-00081306-00081638 so that helps you out a ton also party
NxIsgwy_hmY-00411-00081639-00081817 up with friends who are using UAVs
NxIsgwy_hmY-00412-00081818-00082031 because it's really going to help you
NxIsgwy_hmY-00413-00082032-00082169 the more people you have in the party
NxIsgwy_hmY-00414-00082170-00082335 that are working together getting those
NxIsgwy_hmY-00415-00082336-00082511 those UAVs and keeping one up at all
NxIsgwy_hmY-00416-00082512-00082688 times the more information you're gonna
NxIsgwy_hmY-00417-00082689-00082829 have and the more successful you're
NxIsgwy_hmY-00418-00082830-00083115 gonna be at again pre firing pre aiming
NxIsgwy_hmY-00419-00083116-00083241 corners and making sure you're getting
NxIsgwy_hmY-00420-00083242-00083456 those headshots if you guys want to find
NxIsgwy_hmY-00421-00083457-00083600 some people to play with you can comment
NxIsgwy_hmY-00422-00083601-00083942 down below your Activision ID or your
NxIsgwy_hmY-00423-00083943-00084216 PSN or xbox live ID down in the comment
NxIsgwy_hmY-00424-00084217-00084350 section below if you guys want to play
NxIsgwy_hmY-00425-00084351-00084476 with each other or if you want to play
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NxIsgwy_hmY-00427-00084642-00084836 in the comments below and shoot them a
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NxIsgwy_hmY-00429-00085060-00085268 discord which is actually in the links
NxIsgwy_hmY-00430-00085269-00085491 in the description and you can play with
NxIsgwy_hmY-00431-00085492-00085659 me and we can you know find other people
NxIsgwy_hmY-00432-00085660-00085821 to play with and kind of party up
NxIsgwy_hmY-00433-00085822-00085874 together
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NxIsgwy_hmY-00436-00086226-00086391 know hey let's play and that would be
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NxIsgwy_hmY-00448-00088179-00088316 thank you so much for watching and this
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NxIsgwy_hmY-00450-00088429-00088754 guys again soon peace
NzarPAl9o6g-00000-00000008-00000238 set go
NzarPAl9o6g-00001-00000239-00000559 this is the hand wrapping tutorial
NzarPAl9o6g-00002-00000560-00000886 offered by league city cko
NzarPAl9o6g-00003-00000888-00001119 it is for your
NzarPAl9o6g-00004-00001120-00001399 knowledge and increasing your safety in
NzarPAl9o6g-00005-00001400-00001558 the classroom
NzarPAl9o6g-00006-00001559-00001679 first thing to remember when wrapping
NzarPAl9o6g-00007-00001680-00001855 your hands is the purpose for it so a
NzarPAl9o6g-00008-00001855-00002007 little knowledge of
NzarPAl9o6g-00009-00002007-00002110 the
NzarPAl9o6g-00010-00002111-00002663 basic anatomy of the hand is necessary
NzarPAl9o6g-00011-00002664-00002950 remembering that all the areas between
NzarPAl9o6g-00012-00002951-00003191 bones are considered a joint and they're
NzarPAl9o6g-00013-00003192-00003422 important they can be injured
NzarPAl9o6g-00014-00003423-00003775 so we have the long bones of the arm
NzarPAl9o6g-00015-00003776-00003863 that
NzarPAl9o6g-00016-00003864-00004335 connect to the carpal bones
NzarPAl9o6g-00017-00004336-00004495 the carpal bones lay on top of each
NzarPAl9o6g-00018-00004496-00004686 other and they slide next to each other
NzarPAl9o6g-00019-00004687-00004831 they provide
NzarPAl9o6g-00020-00004832-00005022 significant amounts
NzarPAl9o6g-00021-00005023-00005118 of
NzarPAl9o6g-00022-00005119-00005343 mobility for the wrist but they also
NzarPAl9o6g-00023-00005344-00005463 provide
NzarPAl9o6g-00024-00005464-00005727 a lot of area for injury
NzarPAl9o6g-00025-00005728-00005879 then you have the long bones of the
NzarPAl9o6g-00026-00005880-00006143 fingers
NzarPAl9o6g-00027-00006144-00006406 the first are the metacarpals
NzarPAl9o6g-00028-00006408-00006503 and then
NzarPAl9o6g-00029-00006504-00006703 the last of the phalanges
NzarPAl9o6g-00030-00006704-00006878 remembering that each of these areas is
NzarPAl9o6g-00031-00006879-00007103 also a site for injury where these bones
NzarPAl9o6g-00032-00007104-00007319 meet
NzarPAl9o6g-00033-00007320-00007559 okay so as we wrap we're going to
NzarPAl9o6g-00034-00007559-00007783 remember where these bones are and we're
NzarPAl9o6g-00035-00007784-00007927 going to take the time to make sure we
NzarPAl9o6g-00036-00007928-00008271 protect protect each one
NzarPAl9o6g-00037-00008272-00008439 first start of wrapping is to take your
NzarPAl9o6g-00038-00008440-00008783 wraps i have mine rolled and prepared i
NzarPAl9o6g-00039-00008784-00009046 have the loop end out they come packaged
NzarPAl9o6g-00040-00009047-00009263 opposite this so that the velcro can be
NzarPAl9o6g-00041-00009264-00009463 easily used in the packaging you would
NzarPAl9o6g-00042-00009464-00009655 want to take yours out and eventually
NzarPAl9o6g-00043-00009656-00009883 unroll them and store them in a small
NzarPAl9o6g-00044-00009884-00010055 roll
NzarPAl9o6g-00045-00010056-00010263 some people like to wrap from a rolled
NzarPAl9o6g-00046-00010264-00010455 position other people like to wrap from
NzarPAl9o6g-00047-00010456-00010678 unrolled it'll be up to your preference
NzarPAl9o6g-00048-00010679-00010823 for the video we're going to do from
NzarPAl9o6g-00049-00010824-00010983 rolled because it's easier to fit in the
NzarPAl9o6g-00050-00010984-00011159 shot and it's smaller and you can see it
NzarPAl9o6g-00051-00011160-00011359 with my hand
NzarPAl9o6g-00052-00011360-00011599 first step is to set the
NzarPAl9o6g-00053-00011600-00011999 thumb loop on the thumb and stretch the
NzarPAl9o6g-00054-00012000-00012223 wrap across the
NzarPAl9o6g-00055-00012224-00012359 wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00056-00012360-00012527 underside of the wrist make sure that
NzarPAl9o6g-00057-00012528-00012703 the correct side is down
NzarPAl9o6g-00058-00012704-00012983 most wraps or some wraps will be labeled
NzarPAl9o6g-00059-00012984-00013255 this wrap i know
NzarPAl9o6g-00060-00013256-00013558 should be the stitch side down will
NzarPAl9o6g-00061-00013559-00013758 result in me having the correct side for
NzarPAl9o6g-00062-00013759-00013983 velcro to secure at the end if you
NzarPAl9o6g-00063-00013984-00014119 happen to make a mistake it's not a
NzarPAl9o6g-00064-00014119-00014319 problem you just do a quick switch at
NzarPAl9o6g-00065-00014319-00014486 the end a little twist and it'll work
NzarPAl9o6g-00066-00014487-00014591 just fine
NzarPAl9o6g-00067-00014591-00014735 so our first start we're going to
NzarPAl9o6g-00068-00014736-00014871 protect this
NzarPAl9o6g-00069-00014872-00015094 fusion or this area not fusion but this
NzarPAl9o6g-00070-00015095-00015247 area where the long bones and the
NzarPAl9o6g-00071-00015247-00015558 carpools connect with three wraps
NzarPAl9o6g-00072-00015559-00015911 this is important for
NzarPAl9o6g-00073-00015912-00016127 stabilizing this area remember all of
NzarPAl9o6g-00074-00016128-00016230 these different bones and their
NzarPAl9o6g-00075-00016231-00016415 connection points provide great mobility
NzarPAl9o6g-00076-00016416-00016583 but that mobility can cause injury so
NzarPAl9o6g-00077-00016584-00016775 we're going to staple it why is it
NzarPAl9o6g-00078-00016776-00016911 after we've done three we're going to
NzarPAl9o6g-00079-00016912-00017367 wrap up across and reach the
NzarPAl9o6g-00080-00017368-00017543 the knuckle area so we're going to be
NzarPAl9o6g-00081-00017544-00017743 protecting the area between the carpals
NzarPAl9o6g-00082-00017744-00017894 and the phalanges
NzarPAl9o6g-00083-00017895-00018167 and we're going to do again three wraps
NzarPAl9o6g-00084-00018168-00018358 now this is where a little secret or a
NzarPAl9o6g-00085-00018359-00018607 tip will come in while you're wrapping
NzarPAl9o6g-00086-00018608-00018879 the hand make sure that you extend your
NzarPAl9o6g-00087-00018880-00019127 fingers as far apart as you can holding
NzarPAl9o6g-00088-00019128-00019319 your hand as wide apart as you can and
NzarPAl9o6g-00089-00019320-00019486 this will help you prevent from wrapping
NzarPAl9o6g-00090-00019487-00019750 too tightly and causing yourself to go a
NzarPAl9o6g-00091-00019751-00019943 little numb in your fingers so we're
NzarPAl9o6g-00092-00019944-00020263 going to go with three wraps
NzarPAl9o6g-00093-00020264-00020455 after our third wrap we're going to
NzarPAl9o6g-00094-00020456-00020607 protect the thumb because if you notice
NzarPAl9o6g-00095-00020608-00020814 we have not protected the thumb yet the
NzarPAl9o6g-00096-00020815-00021103 first one is we drop over the top
NzarPAl9o6g-00097-00021104-00021375 we wrap straight down and under
NzarPAl9o6g-00098-00021376-00021567 and then go the opposite way over the
NzarPAl9o6g-00099-00021568-00021655 wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00100-00021656-00021799 so a little hook
NzarPAl9o6g-00101-00021800-00022063 now we come straight across the palm to
NzarPAl9o6g-00102-00022064-00022255 the above the thumb
NzarPAl9o6g-00103-00022256-00022583 straight down across the thumb
NzarPAl9o6g-00104-00022584-00022663 wrap
NzarPAl9o6g-00105-00022664-00022878 and come around the wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00106-00022879-00023191 when we come back around the wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00107-00023192-00023367 we're right under the thumb
NzarPAl9o6g-00108-00023368-00023486 at this point we're going to start
NzarPAl9o6g-00109-00023487-00023639 protecting these carpels remember
NzarPAl9o6g-00110-00023640-00024022 they're the long bones along the hand
NzarPAl9o6g-00111-00024023-00024207 and i'm going across them so i'm going
NzarPAl9o6g-00112-00024208-00024439 to wrap between each finger down to the
NzarPAl9o6g-00113-00024440-00024599 base of my thumb
NzarPAl9o6g-00114-00024600-00024807 underneath each finger down at the base
NzarPAl9o6g-00115-00024808-00024927 of my thumb
NzarPAl9o6g-00116-00024928-00025183 finger down the base of my thumb this is
NzarPAl9o6g-00117-00025184-00025463 a slight angle across the carpels but it
NzarPAl9o6g-00118-00025464-00025694 follows and supports them
NzarPAl9o6g-00119-00025695-00026022 next i'm going to come up
NzarPAl9o6g-00120-00026023-00026214 along the palm
NzarPAl9o6g-00121-00026216-00026431 and now i'm going to wrap the knuckles
NzarPAl9o6g-00122-00026432-00026702 three more times two
NzarPAl9o6g-00123-00026704-00026958 three wrapping the knuckles is important
NzarPAl9o6g-00124-00026960-00027151 because it allows you to provide some
NzarPAl9o6g-00125-00027152-00027302 padding for your knuckles the most
NzarPAl9o6g-00126-00027304-00027446 common injury on the knuckles is
NzarPAl9o6g-00127-00027447-00027646 bruising so giving yourself a nice
NzarPAl9o6g-00128-00027647-00027846 little thick padding there will prevent
NzarPAl9o6g-00129-00027847-00028046 any bruising
NzarPAl9o6g-00130-00028047-00028262 this is actually the end of a wrap
NzarPAl9o6g-00131-00028263-00028399 everybody's
NzarPAl9o6g-00132-00028400-00028558 hand wraps will be different lengths
NzarPAl9o6g-00133-00028560-00028743 mine is a little bit longer once i'm
NzarPAl9o6g-00134-00028744-00029023 done with this basic wrap i can proceed
NzarPAl9o6g-00135-00029024-00029239 to provide additional support
NzarPAl9o6g-00136-00029239-00029518 by criss-crossing
NzarPAl9o6g-00137-00029519-00029718 the palm
NzarPAl9o6g-00138-00029719-00029935 the wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00139-00029936-00030127 back to the palm
NzarPAl9o6g-00140-00030127-00030455 criss-cross over back to the wrist
NzarPAl9o6g-00141-00030456-00030687 and now i'm at the end with my velcro
NzarPAl9o6g-00142-00030688-00030883 correctly
NzarPAl9o6g-00143-00030883-00031199 placed and in position
NzarPAl9o6g-00144-00031200-00031399 a nice clean wrap
NzarPAl9o6g-00145-00031400-00031614 good protection for the knuckles good
NzarPAl9o6g-00146-00031616-00031767 support for all the long bones of the
NzarPAl9o6g-00147-00031768-00031862 hand
NzarPAl9o6g-00148-00031863-00032055 good support for all the small bones of
NzarPAl9o6g-00149-00032056-00032287 the wrist and the connection point to
NzarPAl9o6g-00150-00032288-00032675 the long bones of the forearm
NAU_K-LkT5c-00000-00000041-00000371 st. Petersburg State Institute of
NAU_K-LkT5c-00001-00000372-00000719 Technology Technical University Russian
NAU_K-LkT5c-00002-00000720-00000944 sankt-petersburg sketched analogic SK
NAU_K-LkT5c-00003-00000944-00001162 Institute tennis K University was
NAU_K-LkT5c-00004-00001163-00001614 founded in 1828 it is one of the oldest
NAU_K-LkT5c-00005-00001616-00001876 institutions of higher education in
NAU_K-LkT5c-00006-00001877-00002127 Russia and it currently trains around
NAU_K-LkT5c-00007-00002128-00002863 5,000 students
NAU_K-LkT5c-00008-00002864-00003418 topic history
NAU_K-LkT5c-00009-00003419-00003715 in the past the Institute was named
NAU_K-LkT5c-00010-00003715-00003964 Imperial Petersburg Institute of
NAU_K-LkT5c-00011-00003965-00004231 Technology Russian Emperor Shi Peter
NAU_K-LkT5c-00012-00004232-00004456 Berg's Kadena logic SK Institute and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00013-00004457-00004693 lent Soviet Leningrad Institute of
NAU_K-LkT5c-00014-00004694-00004942 Technology Russian Lenna grads Kate
NAU_K-LkT5c-00015-00004943-00005158 analogic SK Institute a many lens over
NAU_K-LkT5c-00016-00005159-00005404 to the Institute's name changing with
NAU_K-LkT5c-00017-00005405-00005793 that of the city during the Imperial
NAU_K-LkT5c-00018-00005794-00005857 period
NAU_K-LkT5c-00019-00005858-00006129 unlike most other Russian universities
NAU_K-LkT5c-00020-00006130-00006411 the Institute did not require completion
NAU_K-LkT5c-00021-00006412-00006712 of gymnasium education as a condition of
NAU_K-LkT5c-00022-00006713-00006984 entry the only requirement was to pass
NAU_K-LkT5c-00023-00006986-00007408 the Institute's examination thus it had
NAU_K-LkT5c-00024-00007409-00007642 one of the most democratic student
NAU_K-LkT5c-00025-00007643-00008348 communities at the time
NAU_K-LkT5c-00026-00008349-00008942 topic staff
NAU_K-LkT5c-00027-00008943-00009410 staff include 28 academicians and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00028-00009411-00009617 corresponding members of the Russian
NAU_K-LkT5c-00029-00009618-00010274 Academy of Sciences 125 professors and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00030-00010275-00010766 doctors of science 560 assistant
NAU_K-LkT5c-00031-00010767-00011438 professors and phd's
NAU_K-LkT5c-00032-00011439-00012085 topic degree subjects
NAU_K-LkT5c-00033-00012086-00012382 the Institute provides degrees in the
NAU_K-LkT5c-00034-00012383-00012778 following subjects new materials for
NAU_K-LkT5c-00035-00012779-00012994 modern branches of science and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00036-00012994-00013234 technology in the fields of rocket and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00037-00013235-00013731 space techniques information science
NAU_K-LkT5c-00038-00013732-00014026 study of materials and functional
NAU_K-LkT5c-00039-00014027-00014499 materials medicine and public health
NAU_K-LkT5c-00040-00014500-00014806 maintenance of the vital activity of
NAU_K-LkT5c-00041-00014807-00015184 human and ecology reconstructive
NAU_K-LkT5c-00042-00015185-00015927 materials varnishes and paints adhesives
NAU_K-LkT5c-00043-00015928-00016503 biological materials medicinal materials
NAU_K-LkT5c-00044-00016504-00016896 super conductive materials
NAU_K-LkT5c-00045-00016897-00017274 optoelectronics and nanomaterials
NAU_K-LkT5c-00046-00017275-00017740 software engineering devices for control
NAU_K-LkT5c-00047-00017741-00018127 of chemical processes machines and
NAU_K-LkT5c-00048-00018128-00018406 apparatuses for chemical technological
NAU_K-LkT5c-00049-00018407-00019014 system
NAU_K-LkT5c-00050-00019015-00019680 topic notable faculty
NAU_K-LkT5c-00051-00019681-00020320 dmitri mendeleev axel gadelle on Victor
NAU_K-LkT5c-00052-00020321-00020544 Kia PI chav
NAU_K-LkT5c-00053-00020545-00020953 Constantine patoshik Friedrich Conrad
NAU_K-LkT5c-00054-00020954-00021517 Bale Stein Dmitri conneautville of Boris
NAU_K-LkT5c-00055-00021518-00022138 rosing mikail Schulz Julia chenko alexei
NAU_K-LkT5c-00056-00022139-00022582 romanov itch russian sue Lysenko alexei
NAU_K-LkT5c-00057-00022583-00022840 romanov each Golovin colony sergeyevitch
NAU_K-LkT5c-00058-00022841-00023526 russian goal of in holidays ago
NAU_K-LkT5c-00059-00023527-00024150 topic notable alumni
NAU_K-LkT5c-00060-00024151-00024647 Pyotr Nikolayevich Lebedev Alexander la
NAU_K-LkT5c-00061-00024648-00025194 dejen Abram fedorovitch I off boris
NAU_K-LkT5c-00062-00025195-00025330 galkin
NAU_K-LkT5c-00063-00025331-00025903 yuri art Sutan of alexander Nessie's
NAU_K-LkT5c-00064-00025904-00026355 sergei pre-chewed an Gorsky valentin
NAU_K-LkT5c-00065-00026356-00026618 Nikolaev Olympic figure skating coach
NAU_K-LkT5c-00066-00026619-00027298 once coached Oksana beyal
NAU_K-LkT5c-00067-00027299-00027943 topic external links
NAU_K-LkT5c-00068-00027944-00028352 official English page of the Institute
NAU_K-LkT5c-00069-00028354-00028816 satellite photo of the territory
NBojg5dsatI-00000-00001583-00001847 ah today i will be dealing with another
NBojg5dsatI-00001-00001848-00002255 interesting ah topic on spectroscopy and
NBojg5dsatI-00002-00002256-00002359 this is
NBojg5dsatI-00003-00002360-00002575 one of the spectroscopic tool widely
NBojg5dsatI-00004-00002576-00002726 used
NBojg5dsatI-00005-00002727-00002942 in many research labs
NBojg5dsatI-00006-00002943-00003063 however
NBojg5dsatI-00007-00003064-00003263 considering our own
NBojg5dsatI-00008-00003264-00003406 limitations
NBojg5dsatI-00009-00003407-00003654 for getting such a sophisticated
NBojg5dsatI-00010-00003655-00003863 spectroscopic tool
NBojg5dsatI-00011-00003864-00004079 in our country we have not really
NBojg5dsatI-00012-00004079-00004303 measured on this spectroscopy and
NBojg5dsatI-00013-00004304-00004551 therefore i would like to singly ah
NBojg5dsatI-00014-00004552-00004799 emphasize more about the usefulness of
NBojg5dsatI-00015-00004800-00004983 this spectroscopic tool
NBojg5dsatI-00016-00004984-00005286 which has come into
NBojg5dsatI-00017-00005287-00005391 the
NBojg5dsatI-00018-00005392-00005743 study of materials in a bigger way
NBojg5dsatI-00019-00005744-00005991 this is popularly called as x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00020-00005992-00006334 absorption spectroscopy and this is also
NBojg5dsatI-00021-00006335-00006583 complementary to whatever information
NBojg5dsatI-00022-00006584-00006742 that we are getting from
NBojg5dsatI-00023-00006743-00006998 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy which
NBojg5dsatI-00024-00007000-00007214 we have seen in the previous lecture
NBojg5dsatI-00025-00007215-00007534 where we have highlighted that xps
NBojg5dsatI-00026-00007536-00007719 spectroscopy is
NBojg5dsatI-00027-00007720-00008063 our xp spectra is a very good surface
NBojg5dsatI-00028-00008064-00008231 analysis tool
NBojg5dsatI-00029-00008232-00008551 where up to 10 nanometer thick
NBojg5dsatI-00030-00008552-00008678 surfaces
NBojg5dsatI-00031-00008679-00008991 can be studied in greater detail
NBojg5dsatI-00032-00008992-00009335 talks about the impurities that can
NBojg5dsatI-00033-00009336-00009583 happen in the surface and then how we
NBojg5dsatI-00034-00009584-00009695 can
NBojg5dsatI-00035-00009696-00009951 probe the different metal ions that are
NBojg5dsatI-00036-00009952-00010183 present and also on
NBojg5dsatI-00037-00010184-00010406 the characteristic x-ray that is coming
NBojg5dsatI-00038-00010407-00010599 out therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00039-00010600-00010895 xps is a very good analytical tool but
NBojg5dsatI-00040-00010896-00011127 today what we are going to see is a
NBojg5dsatI-00041-00011128-00011431 absorption phenomena which has been used
NBojg5dsatI-00042-00011432-00011631 very ah
NBojg5dsatI-00043-00011632-00011942 nicely to explore unusual oxidation
NBojg5dsatI-00044-00011943-00012046 states
NBojg5dsatI-00045-00012047-00012310 so in this lecture i will give you some
NBojg5dsatI-00046-00012311-00012559 principles about how x-ray absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00047-00012560-00012886 spectroscopy can be understood and then
NBojg5dsatI-00048-00012887-00013151 little bit on the instrumentation and i
NBojg5dsatI-00049-00013152-00013383 will take one particular
NBojg5dsatI-00050-00013384-00013655 group of oxide and do a thorough study
NBojg5dsatI-00051-00013656-00013951 on how we can use excess
NBojg5dsatI-00052-00013952-00014191 information for analyzing
NBojg5dsatI-00053-00014191-00014407 a particular perovskite component
NBojg5dsatI-00054-00014408-00014719 as you would see the incident rays
NBojg5dsatI-00055-00014719-00015047 that are falling on a sample actually is
NBojg5dsatI-00056-00015047-00015366 undergoing a lot of change one is you
NBojg5dsatI-00057-00015368-00015686 can get scattered x-rays from the
NBojg5dsatI-00058-00015687-00015783 sample
NBojg5dsatI-00059-00015784-00016055 or we can get the fluorescent x-rays
NBojg5dsatI-00060-00016056-00016255 which are used for x-ray fluorescence
NBojg5dsatI-00061-00016256-00016463 spectroscopy or we can get
NBojg5dsatI-00062-00016464-00016655 photoelectrons
NBojg5dsatI-00063-00016656-00016847 the light can also be
NBojg5dsatI-00064-00016848-00017103 transmitted but not in the same
NBojg5dsatI-00065-00017104-00017407 magnitude of that of the incident ray
NBojg5dsatI-00066-00017408-00017671 and therefore we can try to
NBojg5dsatI-00067-00017672-00018063 map the intensity ratio as a function of
NBojg5dsatI-00068-00018064-00018350 mu x and x is your thickness
NBojg5dsatI-00069-00018351-00018663 and mu is your absorption coefficient so
NBojg5dsatI-00070-00018664-00018830 if your sample is
NBojg5dsatI-00071-00018831-00019175 sufficiently thin it is possible even to
NBojg5dsatI-00072-00019176-00019519 map the transmitted x-rays and the
NBojg5dsatI-00073-00019520-00019855 phenomena that is happening when x-rays
NBojg5dsatI-00074-00019856-00020094 are ah absorbed by
NBojg5dsatI-00075-00020095-00020327 the sample it can either come out as a
NBojg5dsatI-00076-00020328-00020703 photoelectron or as a over electron and
NBojg5dsatI-00077-00020704-00020967 then a fluorescent photon so from the
NBojg5dsatI-00078-00020968-00021335 way we harvest the secondary processes
NBojg5dsatI-00079-00021336-00021543 that happen due to
NBojg5dsatI-00080-00021544-00021775 the interaction between the material and
NBojg5dsatI-00081-00021776-00022047 the incident x-rays we can categorize
NBojg5dsatI-00082-00022048-00022383 different sort of spectroscopies
NBojg5dsatI-00083-00022384-00022694 in the last lecture i showed the same
NBojg5dsatI-00084-00022695-00023022 view graph where i characterized two
NBojg5dsatI-00085-00023023-00023271 important techniques one is based on
NBojg5dsatI-00086-00023272-00023599 electron spectroscopies and one based on
NBojg5dsatI-00087-00023600-00023871 ion spectroscopies especially i talked
NBojg5dsatI-00088-00023872-00024158 to you about ah oj electron and
NBojg5dsatI-00089-00024159-00024414 discussed to you in detail about x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00090-00024415-00024663 photoelectron spectroscopy gave you some
NBojg5dsatI-00091-00024664-00025014 idea about rbs which is specially used
NBojg5dsatI-00092-00025015-00025430 to look at epitaxial layers and how the
NBojg5dsatI-00093-00025431-00025750 thin films are growing as single
NBojg5dsatI-00094-00025751-00025934 single crystals
NBojg5dsatI-00095-00025935-00026239 also i told what this x-ray photo
NBojg5dsatI-00096-00026239-00026470 electron spectroscopy is
NBojg5dsatI-00097-00026472-00026679 basically this is reflecting a
NBojg5dsatI-00098-00026680-00026951 photoelectric effect and this simple
NBojg5dsatI-00099-00026952-00027199 photoelectric effect can be
NBojg5dsatI-00100-00027200-00027574 transformed or exploited to analyze and
NBojg5dsatI-00101-00027575-00027831 quantify several chemical reactions and
NBojg5dsatI-00102-00027832-00028023 there we looked at
NBojg5dsatI-00103-00028024-00028287 what this photoelectric process is the
NBojg5dsatI-00104-00028288-00028543 adjective photoelectron is what we are
NBojg5dsatI-00105-00028544-00028814 trying to map and in the process you
NBojg5dsatI-00106-00028816-00029095 also have the ogre electron that is
NBojg5dsatI-00107-00029095-00029414 coming out ah from here
NBojg5dsatI-00108-00029416-00029687 now to draw a parallel between
NBojg5dsatI-00109-00029688-00030095 exas and xps i just want to make some
NBojg5dsatI-00110-00030095-00030431 comments one is core holes are created
NBojg5dsatI-00111-00030432-00030735 anyway when ah when there is when a core
NBojg5dsatI-00112-00030736-00030927 electron is actually knocked out and
NBojg5dsatI-00113-00030927-00031046 therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00114-00031047-00031358 by ionization it can happen and that
NBojg5dsatI-00115-00031360-00031631 forms the basis for x-ray photoelectron
NBojg5dsatI-00116-00031632-00031774 spectroscopy
NBojg5dsatI-00117-00031775-00032167 core holes are created by ionization
NBojg5dsatI-00118-00032168-00032431 by the incident x-rays and therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00119-00032432-00032639 those are called as x-ray photoelectron
NBojg5dsatI-00120-00032639-00032974 spectroscopy and core holes are formed
NBojg5dsatI-00121-00032975-00033262 by excitation of electron which forms
NBojg5dsatI-00122-00033263-00033543 the basis for the x-ray absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00123-00033544-00033735 spectroscopy so
NBojg5dsatI-00124-00033736-00034127 in both cases xps and xs we can say that
NBojg5dsatI-00125-00034128-00034439 the final states are highly unstable
NBojg5dsatI-00126-00034440-00034590 when the core hole
NBojg5dsatI-00127-00034591-00034974 decays by non radiant process one is
NBojg5dsatI-00128-00034975-00035279 either a over relaxation which ends up
NBojg5dsatI-00129-00035280-00035639 in a over electron spectroscopy or by
NBojg5dsatI-00130-00035640-00035918 radiant x-ray emission process which is
NBojg5dsatI-00131-00035919-00036183 called as x-ray emission spectroscopy so
NBojg5dsatI-00132-00036184-00036479 this x-ray emission spectroscopy is
NBojg5dsatI-00133-00036480-00036799 actually a secondary phenomena that goes
NBojg5dsatI-00134-00036800-00036943 along with
NBojg5dsatI-00135-00036944-00037159 excess whereas
NBojg5dsatI-00136-00037160-00037415 aes is a secondary phenomena that
NBojg5dsatI-00137-00037416-00037887 happens because of xps so in some sense
NBojg5dsatI-00138-00037888-00038215 both have a parallel so ah when we talk
NBojg5dsatI-00139-00038216-00038495 about excess we also
NBojg5dsatI-00140-00038496-00038711 take into consideration
NBojg5dsatI-00141-00038712-00039055 x-ray emission that is coming out to
NBojg5dsatI-00142-00039056-00039174 make things
NBojg5dsatI-00143-00039175-00039374 look simpler how do we get this
NBojg5dsatI-00144-00039375-00039607 absorption spectra we can say that there
NBojg5dsatI-00145-00039608-00039911 is a beam of different wavelength
NBojg5dsatI-00146-00039912-00040215 you can use any sort of a wavelength and
NBojg5dsatI-00147-00040216-00040462 this beam source is actually incident on
NBojg5dsatI-00148-00040463-00040759 the radiation and now the electron is
NBojg5dsatI-00149-00040760-00041015 actually
NBojg5dsatI-00150-00041016-00041302 absorbs energy and it can go to any of
NBojg5dsatI-00151-00041303-00041623 the bound states or to any of the states
NBojg5dsatI-00152-00041624-00041862 near to the continuum ah that is the
NBojg5dsatI-00153-00041863-00042223 vacuum level or it can go into the
NBojg5dsatI-00154-00042224-00042511 vacuum level and depending on that
NBojg5dsatI-00155-00042512-00042895 then we we can try to populate ah those
NBojg5dsatI-00156-00042896-00043102 regions selectively and then the
NBojg5dsatI-00157-00043103-00043407 transmitted radiation can be mapped and
NBojg5dsatI-00158-00043408-00043646 this is what comes out as a absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00159-00043647-00044007 spectra which we can ah try to analyze
NBojg5dsatI-00160-00044008-00044271 now ah there are two things that we need
NBojg5dsatI-00161-00044272-00044671 to have in mind one thing is when in
NBojg5dsatI-00162-00044672-00044911 x-ray absorption spectroscopy if you
NBojg5dsatI-00163-00044912-00045199 have a core electron which is excited
NBojg5dsatI-00164-00045200-00045551 into unoccupied atomic or molecular
NBojg5dsatI-00165-00045552-00045830 orbitals above the fermi level
NBojg5dsatI-00166-00045831-00046015 ah then
NBojg5dsatI-00167-00046016-00046295 excess can be divided into two regimes
NBojg5dsatI-00168-00046296-00046590 one we can call this as x-ray absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00169-00046591-00046758 fine structure
NBojg5dsatI-00170-00046759-00046862 or
NBojg5dsatI-00171-00046863-00047151 we can call this as extended x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00172-00047152-00047351 absorption fine structure when the
NBojg5dsatI-00173-00047352-00047671 outgoing electron is well above the
NBojg5dsatI-00174-00047672-00047886 ionization continuum but if its
NBojg5dsatI-00175-00047887-00048071 somewhere in the bound states
NBojg5dsatI-00176-00048072-00048423 for example we talk about a 2b going to
NBojg5dsatI-00177-00048424-00048551 3d level
NBojg5dsatI-00178-00048552-00048902 or 2p to 4d level
NBojg5dsatI-00179-00048903-00049127 then we talk about
NBojg5dsatI-00180-00049128-00049455 bound states and low energy resonances
NBojg5dsatI-00181-00049456-00049751 in the continuum so ah either of this
NBojg5dsatI-00182-00049752-00049935 can happen as you see from this view
NBojg5dsatI-00183-00049936-00050239 graph ah electron is knocked out and it
NBojg5dsatI-00184-00050240-00050462 is actually going above the fermi level
NBojg5dsatI-00185-00050463-00050655 but it its not actually going into the
NBojg5dsatI-00186-00050656-00050951 continuum so this is one of the bound
NBojg5dsatI-00187-00050952-00051143 states and
NBojg5dsatI-00188-00051144-00051414 depending on that the you will get a
NBojg5dsatI-00189-00051415-00051742 typical characteristic feature of x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00190-00051744-00051958 which will tell ah what sort of
NBojg5dsatI-00191-00051959-00052214 excitations are possible in this case
NBojg5dsatI-00192-00052215-00052566 you can see ah nitrogen is absorbed on
NBojg5dsatI-00193-00052567-00052887 nickel one zero zero and when it is
NBojg5dsatI-00194-00052888-00053103 glued or to the surface when it is
NBojg5dsatI-00195-00053104-00053382 absorbed to the surface then you get a
NBojg5dsatI-00196-00053383-00053503 clear
NBojg5dsatI-00197-00053504-00053694 reflection for a
NBojg5dsatI-00198-00053695-00053791 2 pi
NBojg5dsatI-00199-00053791-00054142 interaction and this is a typical
NBojg5dsatI-00200-00054144-00054247 excess
NBojg5dsatI-00201-00054248-00054447 peak that you would get
NBojg5dsatI-00202-00054448-00054638 for nitrogen
NBojg5dsatI-00203-00054639-00054942 1s 2 2 pi transition 2 pi star
NBojg5dsatI-00204-00054944-00055238 transition will come to this issue in
NBojg5dsatI-00205-00055239-00055679 example so just to map what are all the
NBojg5dsatI-00206-00055679-00055782 different
NBojg5dsatI-00207-00055783-00056079 studies that we can do in xs
NBojg5dsatI-00208-00056079-00056366 we can actually talk about a pre-h
NBojg5dsatI-00209-00056367-00056503 which is
NBojg5dsatI-00210-00056504-00056782 which can be characterized here as
NBojg5dsatI-00211-00056783-00057207 x-ray absorption near edge structures ah
NBojg5dsatI-00212-00057208-00057575 x a n e s and this what is the region
NBojg5dsatI-00213-00057576-00057791 where you can actually map
NBojg5dsatI-00214-00057791-00057887 the
NBojg5dsatI-00215-00057888-00058087 information that you are getting in fact
NBojg5dsatI-00216-00058088-00058279 you would get several
NBojg5dsatI-00217-00058279-00058542 features around this edge so this is
NBojg5dsatI-00218-00058544-00058703 what you call it as
NBojg5dsatI-00219-00058704-00059030 x-ray absorption near edge structure and
NBojg5dsatI-00220-00059032-00059271 this is the region where you actually
NBojg5dsatI-00221-00059272-00059487 play around for x-ray absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00222-00059488-00059654 spectroscopy
NBojg5dsatI-00223-00059655-00059863 i will tell you what sort of peaks that
NBojg5dsatI-00224-00059864-00060175 you can get out of this and
NBojg5dsatI-00225-00060176-00060447 this is the region where you have the
NBojg5dsatI-00226-00060448-00060735 transitions happening between 1 s 2
NBojg5dsatI-00227-00060736-00061166 n plus 1 p level or it could be p 2
NBojg5dsatI-00228-00061167-00061326 n plus 1
NBojg5dsatI-00229-00061327-00061494 d level so
NBojg5dsatI-00230-00061495-00061735 this region actually takes care of such
NBojg5dsatI-00231-00061736-00061863 bound states
NBojg5dsatI-00232-00061864-00062182 and this is the region where you can
NBojg5dsatI-00233-00062183-00062415 talk about the pre-edge and if you are
NBojg5dsatI-00234-00062416-00062791 talking about ah 1s electron knocked out
NBojg5dsatI-00235-00062791-00062982 out of the continuum
NBojg5dsatI-00236-00062983-00063215 or or if the knocked out electron is
NBojg5dsatI-00237-00063216-00063438 well within the continuum then you talk
NBojg5dsatI-00238-00063439-00063815 about the extended x-ray absorption fine
NBojg5dsatI-00239-00063816-00064071 structure so several of these processes
NBojg5dsatI-00240-00064072-00064335 happen all these are mapped under the
NBojg5dsatI-00241-00064336-00064550 same phenomena of x-ray absorption
NBojg5dsatI-00242-00064551-00064750 spectroscopy so
NBojg5dsatI-00243-00064751-00064847 we will
NBojg5dsatI-00244-00064848-00065111 specially look its not possible in one
NBojg5dsatI-00245-00065112-00065294 single lecture to cover the whole
NBojg5dsatI-00246-00065295-00065647 spectrum of ah manifestation of this
NBojg5dsatI-00247-00065648-00065887 spectroscopy so i would like to take
NBojg5dsatI-00248-00065888-00066055 some
NBojg5dsatI-00249-00066056-00066263 interest to talk about
NBojg5dsatI-00250-00066264-00066550 different things that can happen in this
NBojg5dsatI-00251-00066551-00066655 edge
NBojg5dsatI-00252-00066656-00066879 that is why it is called as etch
NBojg5dsatI-00253-00066880-00067182 spectroscopy and this edge is actually
NBojg5dsatI-00254-00067183-00067431 attached to the sort of excitations that
NBojg5dsatI-00255-00067432-00067879 can happen it can be called as k h or l
NBojg5dsatI-00256-00067880-00068199 or m we will see that in the next slide
NBojg5dsatI-00257-00068200-00068455 as i told in the previous one we are
NBojg5dsatI-00258-00068456-00068623 talking about different forms of
NBojg5dsatI-00259-00068624-00068847 spectroscopy here and
NBojg5dsatI-00260-00068848-00068982 this is the
NBojg5dsatI-00261-00068983-00069279 excess edge spectroscopy that we are
NBojg5dsatI-00262-00069280-00069519 precisely talking about and the relative
NBojg5dsatI-00263-00069520-00069799 scale of energy that involves each of
NBojg5dsatI-00264-00069800-00069999 this spectroscopy is also given
NBojg5dsatI-00265-00070000-00070159 therefore we
NBojg5dsatI-00266-00070160-00070399 we can single out and say that i am
NBojg5dsatI-00267-00070400-00070671 exactly talking about x apps or i am
NBojg5dsatI-00268-00070672-00070926 talking about x a n e s or i am talking
NBojg5dsatI-00269-00070927-00071279 about x s based on the energy range that
NBojg5dsatI-00270-00071280-00071631 we are using for this spectroscopies ah
NBojg5dsatI-00271-00071632-00071735 now
NBojg5dsatI-00272-00071736-00071967 when we talk about h we are talking
NBojg5dsatI-00273-00071968-00072135 about different
NBojg5dsatI-00274-00072136-00072287 transitions
NBojg5dsatI-00275-00072288-00072471 that can happen absorptions that can
NBojg5dsatI-00276-00072472-00072847 happen if k h is happening then the
NBojg5dsatI-00277-00072848-00073175 electron from 1s is actually excited and
NBojg5dsatI-00278-00073176-00073535 therefore we call this as a k h if it is
NBojg5dsatI-00279-00073536-00073623 l
NBojg5dsatI-00280-00073624-00074015 then it can involve both 2s and 2p but
NBojg5dsatI-00281-00074016-00074294 we differentiate that between l 1 l 2
NBojg5dsatI-00282-00074295-00074438 and l three
NBojg5dsatI-00283-00074439-00074767 l one is typical for ah two s electrons
NBojg5dsatI-00284-00074768-00075062 getting to the continuum or it could be
NBojg5dsatI-00285-00075063-00075175 two b
NBojg5dsatI-00286-00075176-00075247 or
NBojg5dsatI-00287-00075248-00075575 ah two p ah three by two so both these
NBojg5dsatI-00288-00075576-00075831 are characterized by l two and l three
NBojg5dsatI-00289-00075832-00076135 when we actually talk about ah bigger
NBojg5dsatI-00290-00076136-00076262 metal ions
NBojg5dsatI-00291-00076263-00076526 this l two and l three ah give a very
NBojg5dsatI-00292-00076527-00076831 rich ah information about the oxidation
NBojg5dsatI-00293-00076832-00077175 states similarly we can go for m one m 2
NBojg5dsatI-00294-00077176-00077294 and m 3
NBojg5dsatI-00295-00077295-00077679 so on each one is designated by the
NBojg5dsatI-00296-00077680-00078062 orbitals that are associated with it so
NBojg5dsatI-00297-00078063-00078303 excess data are obtained by tuning the
NBojg5dsatI-00298-00078304-00078567 photon energy using a crystalline
NBojg5dsatI-00299-00078568-00078806 monochromator to a range where core
NBojg5dsatI-00300-00078807-00079079 electrons can be excited and the range
NBojg5dsatI-00301-00079080-00079567 is typical of the order of 0.1 to 100 kv
NBojg5dsatI-00302-00079568-00079775 ev photon energy
NBojg5dsatI-00303-00079776-00079943 depending on the
NBojg5dsatI-00304-00079944-00080182 range then we can selectively try to
NBojg5dsatI-00305-00080183-00080438 knock out the particular core core
NBojg5dsatI-00306-00080439-00080694 electron so if we talk about k then we
NBojg5dsatI-00307-00080695-00080991 are talking about a very high energy ah
NBojg5dsatI-00308-00080992-00081262 radiation if we talking about a 2 p
NBojg5dsatI-00309-00081263-00081471 levels that is l h
NBojg5dsatI-00310-00081472-00081719 medium range and then
NBojg5dsatI-00311-00081720-00081999 still smaller ranges for 3d
NBojg5dsatI-00312-00082000-00082271 3s and 3p
NBojg5dsatI-00313-00082272-00082606 so this how we designate this
NBojg5dsatI-00314-00082607-00082726 kh
NBojg5dsatI-00315-00082727-00083118 1 l 2 and l 3 l 2 and l 3 we
NBojg5dsatI-00316-00083119-00083503 try to categorize based on the
NBojg5dsatI-00317-00083504-00083815 ls coupling so if your transition is
NBojg5dsatI-00318-00083816-00083918 from
NBojg5dsatI-00319-00083919-00084079 p to d
NBojg5dsatI-00320-00084080-00084238 or s to p
NBojg5dsatI-00321-00084239-00084487 then your l is equal to one
NBojg5dsatI-00322-00084488-00084582 and this
NBojg5dsatI-00323-00084583-00084862 one can ah coupled with either s is
NBojg5dsatI-00324-00084863-00085038 equal to half
NBojg5dsatI-00325-00085039-00085343 or s is equal to zero and depending on
NBojg5dsatI-00326-00085344-00085726 that you will actually get this half or
NBojg5dsatI-00327-00085727-00085935 three by two which is nothing but your l
NBojg5dsatI-00328-00085936-00086311 s coupling so based on this you can get
NBojg5dsatI-00329-00086312-00086599 l two and l three always we can remember
NBojg5dsatI-00330-00086600-00086887 as a notation l three we always talk
NBojg5dsatI-00331-00086888-00087055 about three by two
NBojg5dsatI-00332-00087056-00087318 it is easy to remember that way l two is
NBojg5dsatI-00333-00087319-00087647 half so l two l three edges are nothing
NBojg5dsatI-00334-00087648-00087718 but
NBojg5dsatI-00335-00087719-00087838 two states
NBojg5dsatI-00336-00087839-00088047 from the same transition resulting out
NBojg5dsatI-00337-00088048-00088375 of um the spin orbit coupling typically
NBojg5dsatI-00338-00088376-00088599 if you look at
NBojg5dsatI-00339-00088600-00088935 x ray map excess mapping you can see a
NBojg5dsatI-00340-00088936-00089279 sharp edge for k and this is for l 1
NBojg5dsatI-00341-00089280-00089638 this is for l 2 and this is for l 3 and
NBojg5dsatI-00342-00089639-00089871 as you would see here l three always
NBojg5dsatI-00343-00089872-00090159 comes at higher energy compared to l two
NBojg5dsatI-00344-00090160-00090271 so
NBojg5dsatI-00345-00090272-00090471 in a typical spectra
NBojg5dsatI-00346-00090472-00090591 of excess
NBojg5dsatI-00347-00090592-00090703 your
NBojg5dsatI-00348-00090704-00090911 higher energy spectra will always be
NBojg5dsatI-00349-00090912-00091175 associated with l three and the low
NBojg5dsatI-00350-00091176-00091455 energy peak will be associated with l
NBojg5dsatI-00351-00091456-00091718 two and there are other things that
NBojg5dsatI-00352-00091719-00091879 happen apart from
NBojg5dsatI-00353-00091880-00091959 the
NBojg5dsatI-00354-00091960-00092335 h ah where you have for example this
NBojg5dsatI-00355-00092336-00092435 platinum
NBojg5dsatI-00356-00092436-00092679 tetracynocomplex where you see
NBojg5dsatI-00357-00092680-00092894 additional features that are coming and
NBojg5dsatI-00358-00092895-00093191 these are called the
NBojg5dsatI-00359-00093192-00093415 near edge fine structure
NBojg5dsatI-00360-00093416-00093631 due to excess and
NBojg5dsatI-00361-00093632-00093935 this this peak comes from a constructive
NBojg5dsatI-00362-00093936-00094159 interference
NBojg5dsatI-00363-00094160-00094431 and this peak comes from ah destructive
NBojg5dsatI-00364-00094432-00094718 interference
NBojg5dsatI-00365-00094719-00094918 so this fine structures can
NBojg5dsatI-00366-00094919-00095174 give us idea about the
NBojg5dsatI-00367-00095175-00095423 local coordination and other
NBojg5dsatI-00368-00095424-00095694 informations about bonding and their
NBojg5dsatI-00369-00095695-00095959 nearest neighbor occupancy and so on so
NBojg5dsatI-00370-00095960-00096215 this is also a very useful tool that is
NBojg5dsatI-00371-00096216-00096438 being proved
NBojg5dsatI-00372-00096439-00096750 now where is excess becoming more
NBojg5dsatI-00373-00096751-00096999 crucial and more sophisticated as i
NBojg5dsatI-00374-00097000-00097135 mentioned to you
NBojg5dsatI-00375-00097136-00097494 the way we produce x-rays are very
NBojg5dsatI-00376-00097495-00097631 typical
NBojg5dsatI-00377-00097632-00097774 we use
NBojg5dsatI-00378-00097775-00097879 filament
NBojg5dsatI-00379-00097880-00098031 to
NBojg5dsatI-00380-00098032-00098287 get electrons which will knock at a
NBojg5dsatI-00381-00098288-00098511 particular target which is copper
NBojg5dsatI-00382-00098512-00098759 molybdenum or anything any particular
NBojg5dsatI-00383-00098760-00099006 metal and when it strikes ah
NBojg5dsatI-00384-00099007-00099223 characteristic x ray comes out of it
NBojg5dsatI-00385-00099224-00099494 which we categorize as k alpha or k beta
NBojg5dsatI-00386-00099495-00099662 radiation but
NBojg5dsatI-00387-00099663-00100006 in synchrotron radiation or in
NBojg5dsatI-00388-00100007-00100350 excess we actually get a high energy
NBojg5dsatI-00389-00100351-00100479 x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00390-00100480-00100703 and not the conventional one that we
NBojg5dsatI-00391-00100704-00100894 generate in our
NBojg5dsatI-00392-00100895-00101238 usual lab practices what we do here is
NBojg5dsatI-00393-00101239-00101494 get the same x-ray and this x-ray is
NBojg5dsatI-00394-00101495-00101759 actually confined to a ring and in this
NBojg5dsatI-00395-00101760-00102047 ring we try to boost the speed of this
NBojg5dsatI-00396-00102048-00102382 electron such a way it is a accelerated
NBojg5dsatI-00397-00102383-00102590 electron which will
NBojg5dsatI-00398-00102591-00102847 x-ray beam which will actually come out
NBojg5dsatI-00399-00102848-00103158 and that will collide with your material
NBojg5dsatI-00400-00103159-00103406 to have a very selective excitations
NBojg5dsatI-00401-00103407-00103590 made so
NBojg5dsatI-00402-00103591-00103806 what we are trying to do is generate the
NBojg5dsatI-00403-00103807-00104039 same x-ray as that of the lab
NBojg5dsatI-00404-00104040-00104254 experiments but we are trying to
NBojg5dsatI-00405-00104255-00104447 accelerate in a confined
NBojg5dsatI-00406-00104448-00104718 space so ah this is your conventional
NBojg5dsatI-00407-00104719-00105007 x-ray machine x-ray comes it interacts
NBojg5dsatI-00408-00105008-00105207 with your material and then it goes to
NBojg5dsatI-00409-00105208-00105327 the detector
NBojg5dsatI-00410-00105328-00105407 in
NBojg5dsatI-00411-00105408-00105807 synchrotron source we actually try to
NBojg5dsatI-00412-00105808-00106119 boost the speed of the electron and then
NBojg5dsatI-00413-00106120-00106383 the x-rays are actually x-ray beam is
NBojg5dsatI-00414-00106383-00106534 actually brought out with a greater
NBojg5dsatI-00415-00106535-00106902 force so one of this can selectively go
NBojg5dsatI-00416-00106903-00107190 and hit so when it is actually spinning
NBojg5dsatI-00417-00107191-00107543 at different points you can collect the
NBojg5dsatI-00418-00107544-00107654 x-ray
NBojg5dsatI-00419-00107655-00107919 x-ray beam therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00420-00107920-00108207 this is called a synchrotron because
NBojg5dsatI-00421-00108208-00108471 in one space you can have many stations
NBojg5dsatI-00422-00108472-00108710 where you can try to get it
NBojg5dsatI-00423-00108711-00108934 with the different
NBojg5dsatI-00424-00108935-00109166 centrifugal inclination
NBojg5dsatI-00425-00109167-00109534 at different tangents you can try to get
NBojg5dsatI-00426-00109535-00109863 the source output and as a result we can
NBojg5dsatI-00427-00109864-00110143 study from one synchrotron source many
NBojg5dsatI-00428-00110144-00110447 experiments parallelly so this is that
NBojg5dsatI-00429-00110448-00110710 way a very sophisticated
NBojg5dsatI-00430-00110711-00110847 instrumentation
NBojg5dsatI-00431-00110848-00110943 and
NBojg5dsatI-00432-00110944-00111127 just to show you
NBojg5dsatI-00433-00111128-00111407 one of the major facilities is in
NBojg5dsatI-00434-00111408-00111710 germany it is called desi and there is
NBojg5dsatI-00435-00111711-00112047 another one is called basi in berlin and
NBojg5dsatI-00436-00112048-00112278 desi is in hamburg
NBojg5dsatI-00437-00112279-00112486 as you would see here it is more of a
NBojg5dsatI-00438-00112488-00112686 consortium it is not a single man's
NBojg5dsatI-00439-00112688-00112902 property most of the
NBojg5dsatI-00440-00112903-00113110 research institutes foundations
NBojg5dsatI-00441-00113111-00113399 including government they pitch in to
NBojg5dsatI-00442-00113400-00113607 sustain such a major facility therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00443-00113608-00113839 this is not a simple
NBojg5dsatI-00444-00113840-00113934 stuff
NBojg5dsatI-00445-00113935-00114190 definition of a synchrotron we can take
NBojg5dsatI-00446-00114191-00114486 it from here when high energy particles
NBojg5dsatI-00447-00114488-00114671 are in rapid motion
NBojg5dsatI-00448-00114672-00114854 including electrons
NBojg5dsatI-00449-00114855-00115063 they are forced to travel in a curved
NBojg5dsatI-00450-00115064-00115278 path by a magnetic field
NBojg5dsatI-00451-00115279-00115519 which we call it as booster and then
NBojg5dsatI-00452-00115520-00115815 synchrotron radiation is thus produced
NBojg5dsatI-00453-00115816-00116102 we will look at bird's eye view of one
NBojg5dsatI-00454-00116103-00116343 synchrotron facility which is there this
NBojg5dsatI-00455-00116344-00116631 is your linear accelerator i will also
NBojg5dsatI-00456-00116632-00116895 show a animation in the next slide this
NBojg5dsatI-00457-00116896-00117151 linear accelerator actually pumps in
NBojg5dsatI-00458-00117152-00117439 x-ray which is actually getting boosted
NBojg5dsatI-00459-00117440-00117847 here with a magnetic coil and then
NBojg5dsatI-00460-00117848-00118102 on gaining momentum this will actually
NBojg5dsatI-00461-00118103-00118310 go into the outer
NBojg5dsatI-00462-00118311-00118590 sphere and then from here at different
NBojg5dsatI-00463-00118591-00118823 points you can actually collect this
NBojg5dsatI-00464-00118824-00119071 fast moving x-rays and these are the
NBojg5dsatI-00465-00119072-00119575 substations
NBojg5dsatI-00466-00119576-00119831 these are your substations where you can
NBojg5dsatI-00467-00119832-00120078 bring any of your instrument if you are
NBojg5dsatI-00468-00120079-00120239 only
NBojg5dsatI-00469-00120240-00120471 interested in analyzing a particular
NBojg5dsatI-00470-00120472-00120727 sample you can try to do that or if you
NBojg5dsatI-00471-00120728-00121014 want a deposition chamber also to be
NBojg5dsatI-00472-00121015-00121302 transported you you are free to come and
NBojg5dsatI-00473-00121303-00121590 house your equipment here study for a
NBojg5dsatI-00474-00121591-00121766 particular time and then you can take it
NBojg5dsatI-00475-00121767-00121902 back so therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00476-00121903-00122143 this is more of a central facility
NBojg5dsatI-00477-00122144-00122471 confined in a very large space and
NBojg5dsatI-00478-00122472-00122566 many
NBojg5dsatI-00479-00122567-00122823 laboratories can be housed together and
NBojg5dsatI-00480-00122824-00122951 the
NBojg5dsatI-00481-00122952-00123239 output is actually shared by everyone at
NBojg5dsatI-00482-00123240-00123414 the same time therefore it is a very
NBojg5dsatI-00483-00123415-00123566 sophisticated
NBojg5dsatI-00484-00123567-00123943 structure and the dimension of this
NBojg5dsatI-00485-00123944-00124190 synchrotron facility is quite huge we
NBojg5dsatI-00486-00124191-00124407 will look at one of the slide to
NBojg5dsatI-00487-00124408-00124534 understand this
NBojg5dsatI-00488-00124535-00124878 we will see a short animation on ah what
NBojg5dsatI-00489-00124879-00125071 this facility will look like
NBojg5dsatI-00490-00125072-00125502 and this is the inner side of
NBojg5dsatI-00491-00125503-00125678 the advanced light source
NBojg5dsatI-00492-00125679-00125878 where you can see the inner core
NBojg5dsatI-00493-00125879-00126127 actually is generating x-ray from a
NBojg5dsatI-00494-00126128-00126423 linear accelerator which is boosted up
NBojg5dsatI-00495-00126424-00126654 by the booster rings and the booster
NBojg5dsatI-00496-00126655-00126895 rings are those which are having
NBojg5dsatI-00497-00126896-00127047 magnetic field
NBojg5dsatI-00498-00127048-00127302 and once it comes out to the periphery
NBojg5dsatI-00499-00127303-00127558 then it can actually go through
NBojg5dsatI-00500-00127559-00127871 several substations where this
NBojg5dsatI-00501-00127872-00128166 accelerated x-rays can be used and this
NBojg5dsatI-00502-00128167-00128278 is how the
NBojg5dsatI-00503-00128279-00128454 booster actually works
NBojg5dsatI-00504-00128455-00128678 and once it comes out
NBojg5dsatI-00505-00128679-00128975 then it can be monochromatized and it
NBojg5dsatI-00506-00128976-00129271 can interact with the material
NBojg5dsatI-00507-00129272-00129558 giving ah many informations that is
NBojg5dsatI-00508-00129559-00129847 needed not just on the spectroscopy in
NBojg5dsatI-00509-00129848-00130102 fact even imaging of
NBojg5dsatI-00510-00130103-00130534 structures can be used using this map
NBojg5dsatI-00511-00130535-00130671 having seen
NBojg5dsatI-00512-00130672-00130975 the sophistication that is involved in
NBojg5dsatI-00513-00130976-00131263 this i should also
NBojg5dsatI-00514-00131264-00131414 mention to you
NBojg5dsatI-00515-00131415-00131631 that this is a very selective
NBojg5dsatI-00516-00131632-00131831 facility that is available across the
NBojg5dsatI-00517-00131832-00132135 world and here is a list of all the
NBojg5dsatI-00518-00132136-00132431 synchrotron radiation facilities that is
NBojg5dsatI-00519-00132432-00132654 available it is also called as advanced
NBojg5dsatI-00520-00132655-00132775 light source
NBojg5dsatI-00521-00132776-00132999 and as you would see here
NBojg5dsatI-00522-00133000-00133199 many countries are really competing in
NBojg5dsatI-00523-00133200-00133343 this field
NBojg5dsatI-00524-00133344-00133599 what is important to notice is the
NBojg5dsatI-00525-00133600-00133727 circumference
NBojg5dsatI-00526-00133728-00133895 of the
NBojg5dsatI-00527-00133896-00134223 synchrotron radiation source that we can
NBojg5dsatI-00528-00134224-00134543 look for in terms of meters and then the
NBojg5dsatI-00529-00134544-00134854 energy that is generated
NBojg5dsatI-00530-00134855-00135183 in this list you would see that the
NBojg5dsatI-00531-00135184-00135551 major players are actually in europe and
NBojg5dsatI-00532-00135552-00135807 in u.s and most of the facilities are
NBojg5dsatI-00533-00135808-00136127 housed in u.s therefore this is a very
NBojg5dsatI-00534-00136128-00136431 very costly equipment that has to be
NBojg5dsatI-00535-00136432-00136607 sustained
NBojg5dsatI-00536-00136608-00136831 and one of the oldest as you would see
NBojg5dsatI-00537-00136832-00137023 here is
NBojg5dsatI-00538-00137024-00137383 from lawrence berkeley laboratory
NBojg5dsatI-00539-00137384-00137719 and it was also decommissioned in 1993
NBojg5dsatI-00540-00137720-00137983 subsequently a new advanced light source
NBojg5dsatI-00541-00137984-00138271 has come into picture and then another
NBojg5dsatI-00542-00138272-00138495 one has been commissioned
NBojg5dsatI-00543-00138496-00138743 when the previous one was
NBojg5dsatI-00544-00138744-00138966 decommissioned that is in nineteen
NBojg5dsatI-00545-00138967-00139343 ninety three ah you can actually ah look
NBojg5dsatI-00546-00139344-00139511 at the
NBojg5dsatI-00547-00139512-00139799 sophistications involved the amount of
NBojg5dsatI-00548-00139800-00140023 giga electron old that it can
NBojg5dsatI-00549-00140024-00140271 generate ah these are some of the
NBojg5dsatI-00550-00140272-00140487 largest facilities in the world as of
NBojg5dsatI-00551-00140488-00140575 now
NBojg5dsatI-00552-00140576-00140775 with a very very
NBojg5dsatI-00553-00140776-00140895 massive
NBojg5dsatI-00554-00140896-00141151 infrastructure one is in organ national
NBojg5dsatI-00555-00141152-00141502 lab and equally
NBojg5dsatI-00556-00141503-00141702 important are those in
NBojg5dsatI-00557-00141703-00141854 germany
NBojg5dsatI-00558-00141855-00142135 but we are also in the game in in a
NBojg5dsatI-00559-00142136-00142399 smaller way for example if you look at
NBojg5dsatI-00560-00142400-00142671 indian situation we have two synchrotron
NBojg5dsatI-00561-00142672-00142975 light source both are housed in indoor
NBojg5dsatI-00562-00142976-00143239 and this is called indus 1 and indus 2
NBojg5dsatI-00563-00143240-00143559 but you would see the circumference or
NBojg5dsatI-00564-00143560-00143743 the dye of your
NBojg5dsatI-00565-00143744-00144047 source is very very small
NBojg5dsatI-00566-00144048-00144166 compared to
NBojg5dsatI-00567-00144167-00144414 what we saw in the earlier case they
NBojg5dsatI-00568-00144415-00144735 have the circumference of 1000
NBojg5dsatI-00569-00144736-00145087 meters but we have fairly very small
NBojg5dsatI-00570-00145088-00145383 unit and the capability also is very
NBojg5dsatI-00571-00145384-00145519 less therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00572-00145520-00145831 we can only study organic molecules
NBojg5dsatI-00573-00145832-00146071 using this facility it is not possible
NBojg5dsatI-00574-00146072-00146359 to study heavier atoms so this is
NBojg5dsatI-00575-00146360-00146599 limited nevertheless we are also in the
NBojg5dsatI-00576-00146600-00146695 map
NBojg5dsatI-00577-00146696-00146911 as far as synchrotron radiations are
NBojg5dsatI-00578-00146912-00147126 concerned i am sure in the days to come
NBojg5dsatI-00579-00147127-00147359 there will be lot more progress and we
NBojg5dsatI-00580-00147360-00147575 will improvise on this
NBojg5dsatI-00581-00147576-00147695 facility
NBojg5dsatI-00582-00147696-00147871 as a nation so
NBojg5dsatI-00583-00147872-00148151 this just to give you some idea about ah
NBojg5dsatI-00584-00148152-00148454 how these are localized and
NBojg5dsatI-00585-00148455-00148671 there is there are also programs in our
NBojg5dsatI-00586-00148672-00148887 own country where we tie up with this
NBojg5dsatI-00587-00148888-00149102 advanced light source specially
NBojg5dsatI-00588-00149103-00149343 our country encourages
NBojg5dsatI-00589-00149344-00149535 a lot of projects
NBojg5dsatI-00590-00149536-00149663 which can be
NBojg5dsatI-00591-00149664-00149919 written to triesta in italy where there
NBojg5dsatI-00592-00149920-00150135 is a synchrotron facility so it is
NBojg5dsatI-00593-00150136-00150414 possible for those who are looking for
NBojg5dsatI-00594-00150415-00150719 this spectroscopy to make a proposal and
NBojg5dsatI-00595-00150720-00151007 go and do a time bound research but what
NBojg5dsatI-00596-00151008-00151223 we should also understand is that if you
NBojg5dsatI-00597-00151224-00151478 are really looking for insight to equip
NBojg5dsatI-00598-00151479-00151743 ah experiments then we need to take the
NBojg5dsatI-00599-00151744-00151823 whole
NBojg5dsatI-00600-00151824-00152054 equipment and attach it to the beam line
NBojg5dsatI-00601-00152055-00152190 to study this
NBojg5dsatI-00602-00152191-00152326 most of the
NBojg5dsatI-00603-00152327-00152495 reactions that are done
NBojg5dsatI-00604-00152496-00152902 is all inside two it is not x i 2 so
NBojg5dsatI-00605-00152903-00153175 therefore it is a very sophisticated way
NBojg5dsatI-00606-00153176-00153414 of looking at it now let us look at the
NBojg5dsatI-00607-00153415-00153687 spectral features of this
NBojg5dsatI-00608-00153688-00153871 study and then understand little bit
NBojg5dsatI-00609-00153872-00154126 about what we can learn in the simplest
NBojg5dsatI-00610-00154127-00154399 case that of cubric that is copper 2
NBojg5dsatI-00611-00154400-00154775 complex the 2p to 3d transition actually
NBojg5dsatI-00612-00154776-00154911 produces
NBojg5dsatI-00613-00154912-00155071 a 2p 5
NBojg5dsatI-00614-00155072-00155319 3d 10 final state
NBojg5dsatI-00615-00155320-00155431 so
NBojg5dsatI-00616-00155432-00155654 when an electron is actually removed
NBojg5dsatI-00617-00155655-00155999 from ah two p five then what really
NBojg5dsatI-00618-00156000-00156151 happens ah
NBojg5dsatI-00619-00156152-00156535 to that the two p five core actually
NBojg5dsatI-00620-00156536-00156783 which is created in the transition this
NBojg5dsatI-00621-00156784-00157063 has a orbital angular momentum and which
NBojg5dsatI-00622-00157064-00157271 couples with the spin angular momentum
NBojg5dsatI-00623-00157272-00157526 therefore it produces two states j is
NBojg5dsatI-00624-00157527-00157695 equal to three by two and j is equal to
NBojg5dsatI-00625-00157696-00157999 two ah half state and this actually
NBojg5dsatI-00626-00158000-00158319 comes out as a exact speak which we call
NBojg5dsatI-00627-00158320-00158639 it as l 2 and l 3 h
NBojg5dsatI-00628-00158640-00158990 so the intensities also are almost of
NBojg5dsatI-00629-00158991-00159326 the same order these states are directly
NBojg5dsatI-00630-00159327-00159639 observable in the lh spectrum as the two
NBojg5dsatI-00631-00159640-00159966 main peaks so whenever we talk about
NBojg5dsatI-00632-00159967-00160126 l h spectra
NBojg5dsatI-00633-00160127-00160431 using x x we are talking about l three
NBojg5dsatI-00634-00160432-00160743 and l two that is actually coming from a
NBojg5dsatI-00635-00160744-00161278 transition of p to d or s to p orbital
NBojg5dsatI-00636-00161279-00161407 so
NBojg5dsatI-00637-00161408-00161678 as we move across the periodic table
NBojg5dsatI-00638-00161679-00162039 especially from copper you go down ah go
NBojg5dsatI-00639-00162040-00162278 on the left side across the period then
NBojg5dsatI-00640-00162279-00162511 you will see we create additional holes
NBojg5dsatI-00641-00162512-00162735 in the metal 3d orbitals
NBojg5dsatI-00642-00162736-00162919 let us take the case of
NBojg5dsatI-00643-00162920-00163223 iron which is a low spin and in low spin
NBojg5dsatI-00644-00163224-00163366 it is actually
NBojg5dsatI-00645-00163367-00163647 iron 3 is
NBojg5dsatI-00646-00163648-00164135 t2 g5 eg0 and therefore this is your
NBojg5dsatI-00647-00164136-00164671 ground state and in t2 g5 eg0
NBojg5dsatI-00648-00164672-00165047 resulting in transitions to the t2g and
NBojg5dsatI-00649-00165048-00165143 eg
NBojg5dsatI-00650-00165144-00165238 dc
NBojg5dsatI-00651-00165239-00165478 sigma sets therefore there are two
NBojg5dsatI-00652-00165479-00165726 possible final states that can happen
NBojg5dsatI-00653-00165727-00165975 when you are actually promoting a two p
NBojg5dsatI-00654-00165976-00166343 electron ah through to either of this
NBojg5dsatI-00655-00166344-00166638 three d orbitals you can end up with a t
NBojg5dsatI-00656-00166639-00166766 two g six
NBojg5dsatI-00657-00166767-00167014 that is what is denoted here or we can
NBojg5dsatI-00658-00167015-00167383 end up with a t two g five e g one
NBojg5dsatI-00659-00167384-00167695 and depending on these two then you can
NBojg5dsatI-00660-00167696-00168023 actually get a ah peak like this
NBojg5dsatI-00661-00168024-00168295 and this peak actually corresponds to
NBojg5dsatI-00662-00168296-00168575 the electron promoted to ah this final
NBojg5dsatI-00663-00168576-00168814 state and this peak corresponds to
NBojg5dsatI-00664-00168815-00169038 electron that is promoted to
NBojg5dsatI-00665-00169039-00169190 the state so
NBojg5dsatI-00666-00169191-00169319 since the ground state metal
NBojg5dsatI-00667-00169320-00169599 configuration has one hole in the t to g
NBojg5dsatI-00668-00169600-00169966 orbital set and four holes in the e g
NBojg5dsatI-00669-00169967-00170311 orbital set and intensity ratio of one
NBojg5dsatI-00670-00170312-00170551 is to four is actually expected as you
NBojg5dsatI-00671-00170552-00170687 would see here
NBojg5dsatI-00672-00170688-00170790 between
NBojg5dsatI-00673-00170791-00171063 t two g and e g depending on the number
NBojg5dsatI-00674-00171064-00171263 of holes the
NBojg5dsatI-00675-00171264-00171335 the
NBojg5dsatI-00676-00171336-00171566 intensity of the peak also would vary in
NBojg5dsatI-00677-00171567-00171838 the ratio one is to four but it it is
NBojg5dsatI-00678-00171839-00172151 not always true what will happen is ah
NBojg5dsatI-00679-00172152-00172407 this does not d6 excited state will
NBojg5dsatI-00680-00172408-00172702 further split in energy due to dd
NBojg5dsatI-00681-00172703-00172943 electron repulsion as a result you would
NBojg5dsatI-00682-00172944-00173199 see a much more ah
NBojg5dsatI-00683-00173200-00173478 complicated or a split pattern of these
NBojg5dsatI-00684-00173479-00173743 two peaks so these two peaks need to be
NBojg5dsatI-00685-00173744-00174023 ah analyze rather more carefully because
NBojg5dsatI-00686-00174024-00174175 there are other things that would
NBojg5dsatI-00687-00174176-00174638 compound with this ah this structures so
NBojg5dsatI-00688-00174639-00174935 if you single out just the lh
NBojg5dsatI-00689-00174936-00175199 spectral component and try to look at it
NBojg5dsatI-00690-00175200-00175375 especially for
NBojg5dsatI-00691-00175376-00175631 complexes with the metal center then
NBojg5dsatI-00692-00175632-00175943 your tanabe sugar diagram will
NBojg5dsatI-00693-00175944-00176071 help you
NBojg5dsatI-00694-00176072-00176447 simulate theoretically how many l
NBojg5dsatI-00695-00176448-00176735 l h spectrum can originate as you would
NBojg5dsatI-00696-00176736-00176878 see here
NBojg5dsatI-00697-00176879-00177166 you go from lower energy to higher
NBojg5dsatI-00698-00177167-00177271 energy
NBojg5dsatI-00699-00177272-00177559 region that spectral features actually
NBojg5dsatI-00700-00177560-00177799 becomes more complicated therefore more
NBojg5dsatI-00701-00177800-00178063 and more transitions are expected when
NBojg5dsatI-00702-00178064-00178247 you go to higher regions and that is
NBojg5dsatI-00703-00178248-00178575 what you see here other factors like p d
NBojg5dsatI-00704-00178576-00178807 ah electron repulsion spin orbit
NBojg5dsatI-00705-00178808-00179063 coupling all this has to be
NBojg5dsatI-00706-00179064-00179302 considered when you try to simulate all
NBojg5dsatI-00707-00179303-00179583 the possible lh spectral components that
NBojg5dsatI-00708-00179584-00179935 are there so for ferric system if you
NBojg5dsatI-00709-00179936-00180175 consider there are theoretically there
NBojg5dsatI-00710-00180176-00180623 are 252 initial states and 1260 possible
NBojg5dsatI-00711-00180624-00180911 final states are possible um together
NBojg5dsatI-00712-00180912-00181054 with
NBojg5dsatI-00713-00181055-00181431 the final lh spectrum
NBojg5dsatI-00714-00181432-00181678 but what you would find here despite all
NBojg5dsatI-00715-00181679-00181878 this possible state it has been
NBojg5dsatI-00716-00181879-00182014 established that
NBojg5dsatI-00717-00182015-00182302 the low spin ferris system
NBojg5dsatI-00718-00182303-00182519 ah the lowest energy peak is due to the
NBojg5dsatI-00719-00182520-00182831 transition to the t2g hole and a more
NBojg5dsatI-00720-00182832-00183054 intense higher energy
NBojg5dsatI-00721-00183055-00183326 peak is that to the unoccupied eg
NBojg5dsatI-00722-00183327-00183599 orbitals so although there are several
NBojg5dsatI-00723-00183600-00183895 states possible selectively these two
NBojg5dsatI-00724-00183896-00184119 states predominate over the other
NBojg5dsatI-00725-00184120-00184343 contributions which can actually be
NBojg5dsatI-00726-00184344-00184678 mapped and you can see the see that from
NBojg5dsatI-00727-00184679-00184902 the l3h although there are split
NBojg5dsatI-00728-00184903-00185151 patterns then you will be able to
NBojg5dsatI-00729-00185152-00185254 resolve
NBojg5dsatI-00730-00185255-00185543 which one is due to t to g and which one
NBojg5dsatI-00731-00185544-00185671 is due to
NBojg5dsatI-00732-00185672-00185911 eg ah so there are two things that we
NBojg5dsatI-00733-00185912-00186278 need to understand within l three ah
NBojg5dsatI-00734-00186279-00186559 there will be two peak which will ah
NBojg5dsatI-00735-00186560-00186783 which will correspond to excitation to t
NBojg5dsatI-00736-00186784-00187047 to g or e g
NBojg5dsatI-00737-00187048-00187383 and then you also have the l two so both
NBojg5dsatI-00738-00187384-00187663 this ah come into picture when we look
NBojg5dsatI-00739-00187664-00187943 at ah the excess
NBojg5dsatI-00740-00187944-00188207 for for a complex like this which is a
NBojg5dsatI-00741-00188208-00188343 hexacyno
NBojg5dsatI-00742-00188344-00188535 iron3 complex
NBojg5dsatI-00743-00188536-00188847 you would see for a low spin ah this
NBojg5dsatI-00744-00188848-00189054 first peak corresponds to
NBojg5dsatI-00745-00189055-00189238 transition to t to g
NBojg5dsatI-00746-00189239-00189454 and the second peak actually corresponds
NBojg5dsatI-00747-00189455-00189719 to eg and then the third peak
NBojg5dsatI-00748-00189720-00189990 corresponds to the m level that is your
NBojg5dsatI-00749-00189991-00190326 pi star so this is for um
NBojg5dsatI-00750-00190327-00190431 this is for
NBojg5dsatI-00751-00190432-00190502 a
NBojg5dsatI-00752-00190503-00190799 l three and this is for l two and
NBojg5dsatI-00753-00190800-00191078 similarly for other transition metals
NBojg5dsatI-00754-00191079-00191287 you can see this is a inner sphere
NBojg5dsatI-00755-00191288-00191502 complex and this is a outer sphere
NBojg5dsatI-00756-00191503-00191871 complex and in both cases you would see
NBojg5dsatI-00757-00191872-00192126 the spectral features are actually
NBojg5dsatI-00758-00192127-00192247 different
NBojg5dsatI-00759-00192248-00192438 i will take one
NBojg5dsatI-00760-00192439-00192775 example from our own work on perovskite
NBojg5dsatI-00761-00192776-00193031 manganese and try to see how we have
NBojg5dsatI-00762-00193032-00193190 resolved
NBojg5dsatI-00763-00193191-00193383 some of the fundamental interactions
NBojg5dsatI-00764-00193384-00193663 that are happening within the unit cell
NBojg5dsatI-00765-00193664-00193902 using xx as a
NBojg5dsatI-00766-00193903-00194054 tool as you know
NBojg5dsatI-00767-00194055-00194287 perovskite magnets show interesting
NBojg5dsatI-00768-00194288-00194590 properties both in terms of magnetism
NBojg5dsatI-00769-00194591-00194871 and electrical conductivity and
NBojg5dsatI-00770-00194872-00195111 this actually comes from a phenomena
NBojg5dsatI-00771-00195112-00195431 called double exchange where you have ah
NBojg5dsatI-00772-00195432-00195790 from mn3 the eg electron actually goes
NBojg5dsatI-00773-00195791-00196014 to mn4 plus
NBojg5dsatI-00774-00196015-00196390 eg shell which is unoccupied as a result
NBojg5dsatI-00775-00196391-00196678 when this is actually
NBojg5dsatI-00776-00196679-00197095 transferring to the mn 4 plus core
NBojg5dsatI-00777-00197096-00197319 and if it is ferromagnetically aligned
NBojg5dsatI-00778-00197320-00197638 to the localized t2g electrons
NBojg5dsatI-00779-00197639-00197919 then this will actually become
NBojg5dsatI-00780-00197920-00198207 mn 3 plus because the electron has come
NBojg5dsatI-00781-00198208-00198566 here and in the process this mn3 will
NBojg5dsatI-00782-00198567-00198878 actually become mn4 as a result there
NBojg5dsatI-00783-00198879-00199078 will be a
NBojg5dsatI-00784-00199079-00199302 shift of this electron back and forth
NBojg5dsatI-00785-00199303-00199583 which is called as double exchange and
NBojg5dsatI-00786-00199584-00199759 because of this double exchange
NBojg5dsatI-00787-00199760-00200007 phenomena that is happening
NBojg5dsatI-00788-00200008-00200287 mainly because of the presence of m n
NBojg5dsatI-00789-00200288-00200559 three and m n 4 then there is a
NBojg5dsatI-00790-00200560-00200895 interesting change from a
NBojg5dsatI-00791-00200896-00201254 paramagnetic to ferromagnetic state and
NBojg5dsatI-00792-00201255-00201654 from a insulator to a metallic state so
NBojg5dsatI-00793-00201655-00202023 two things happen ah when when we try to
NBojg5dsatI-00794-00202024-00202271 initiate ah this electron transfer
NBojg5dsatI-00795-00202272-00202631 process and this transfer of electron is
NBojg5dsatI-00796-00202632-00202950 ah given as transfer integral that is t
NBojg5dsatI-00797-00202951-00203311 i j which is ah proportional to
NBojg5dsatI-00798-00203312-00203495 cos theta i j
NBojg5dsatI-00799-00203496-00203838 so this cross theta i j is nothing but
NBojg5dsatI-00800-00203839-00204126 the
NBojg5dsatI-00801-00204127-00204454 the angle that is made between these two
NBojg5dsatI-00802-00204455-00204919 ion course so if this is going to be 180
NBojg5dsatI-00803-00204919-00205166 then the transfer integral is going to
NBojg5dsatI-00804-00205167-00205351 be at its maximum
NBojg5dsatI-00805-00205352-00205558 if this is actually going to be like
NBojg5dsatI-00806-00205559-00205751 this for example
NBojg5dsatI-00807-00205752-00206038 then this will get locked up at 90
NBojg5dsatI-00808-00206039-00206334 degree so this transfer integral has to
NBojg5dsatI-00809-00206335-00206551 be approximate theta has to be
NBojg5dsatI-00810-00206552-00206958 approximately theta i j 180 degree for a
NBojg5dsatI-00811-00206959-00207294 collinear ferromagnetism to operate now
NBojg5dsatI-00812-00207296-00207558 in this situation
NBojg5dsatI-00813-00207559-00207894 you need both the case of m n three and
NBojg5dsatI-00814-00207896-00208134 m one four which is called as a zener
NBojg5dsatI-00815-00208135-00208471 pair
NBojg5dsatI-00816-00208471-00208790 m n three plus and m n four plus which
NBojg5dsatI-00817-00208791-00209038 is very crucial so i just want to
NBojg5dsatI-00818-00209039-00209334 emphasize that this zener pair m n three
NBojg5dsatI-00819-00209335-00209671 m n four plus ratio is critical for
NBojg5dsatI-00820-00209671-00210031 this ah spectacular manifestation of
NBojg5dsatI-00821-00210032-00210287 magnetic and electrical conducting
NBojg5dsatI-00822-00210288-00210534 properties to occur at the same time
NBojg5dsatI-00823-00210535-00210846 transition temperature now ah as i told
NBojg5dsatI-00824-00210848-00211191 you mn3 mn4 is more sensitive therefore
NBojg5dsatI-00825-00211192-00211887 if i try to alter this mn3 mn4 ratio
NBojg5dsatI-00826-00211888-00212206 m n 4 plus ratio then this double
NBojg5dsatI-00827-00212207-00212534 exchange or this strange occurrence of
NBojg5dsatI-00828-00212535-00212758 paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition
NBojg5dsatI-00829-00212759-00213031 will be disturbed or it will be killed
NBojg5dsatI-00830-00213032-00213263 as a result we
NBojg5dsatI-00831-00213264-00213510 this ratio has to be maintained at all
NBojg5dsatI-00832-00213511-00213815 cost what we have tried to do
NBojg5dsatI-00833-00213816-00214223 is to put ruthenium into this
NBojg5dsatI-00834-00214223-00214334 site
NBojg5dsatI-00835-00214335-00214519 either manganese three plus or four ply
NBojg5dsatI-00836-00214519-00214742 set and try to see whether this
NBojg5dsatI-00837-00214744-00215031 interaction can still be maintained and
NBojg5dsatI-00838-00215032-00215439 how exact can be used to ascertain the
NBojg5dsatI-00839-00215440-00215623 interaction between manganese and
NBojg5dsatI-00840-00215623-00215927 ruthenium core centers in the next slide
NBojg5dsatI-00841-00215928-00216119 we will see how
NBojg5dsatI-00842-00216119-00216431 ruthenium when it is substituted into
NBojg5dsatI-00843-00216432-00216615 manganesites
NBojg5dsatI-00844-00216616-00216806 what will happen to the ferromagnetic
NBojg5dsatI-00845-00216807-00216934 interaction
NBojg5dsatI-00846-00216935-00217103 from this
NBojg5dsatI-00847-00217104-00217342 cartoon in the top you would see the
NBojg5dsatI-00848-00217344-00217671 plot of magnetization as a function of
NBojg5dsatI-00849-00217671-00217887 temperature and this is a typical
NBojg5dsatI-00850-00217888-00218110 ferromagnetic transition that is
NBojg5dsatI-00851-00218111-00218398 happening and during this transition if
NBojg5dsatI-00852-00218400-00218703 you keep on adding ruthenium as i told
NBojg5dsatI-00853-00218704-00219127 you mn 3 plus mn 4 plus ordering
NBojg5dsatI-00854-00219128-00219287 is very important
NBojg5dsatI-00855-00219288-00219639 and if little amount of mn 4 plus is
NBojg5dsatI-00856-00219640-00219982 also reduced then immediately it will
NBojg5dsatI-00857-00219983-00220271 spoil the double exchange phenomena and
NBojg5dsatI-00858-00220271-00220455 you can clearly see that
NBojg5dsatI-00859-00220456-00220798 the more ruthenium that is doped
NBojg5dsatI-00860-00220800-00221087 the lesser the ferromagnetic transition
NBojg5dsatI-00861-00221088-00221263 and the ferromagnetic transition is
NBojg5dsatI-00862-00221264-00221575 decreasing to lower temperature from
NBojg5dsatI-00863-00221576-00221767 room temperature but
NBojg5dsatI-00864-00221767-00222071 what is interesting is even up to 40
NBojg5dsatI-00865-00222071-00222310 percent of ruthenium that you dope into
NBojg5dsatI-00866-00222311-00222606 the manganese site you can still observe
NBojg5dsatI-00867-00222607-00222927 a very strong collinear ferromagnetism
NBojg5dsatI-00868-00222928-00223094 and this suggests
NBojg5dsatI-00869-00223096-00223382 that something else should be happening
NBojg5dsatI-00870-00223383-00223615 for this double exchange phenomena to
NBojg5dsatI-00871-00223616-00224094 occur or to sustain otherwise even
NBojg5dsatI-00872-00224096-00224358 10 percent of any
NBojg5dsatI-00873-00224359-00224703 3d metal if we try to dope in manganese
NBojg5dsatI-00874-00224704-00224975 site will actually kill this whole
NBojg5dsatI-00875-00224976-00225334 magnetic interaction from a paramagnetic
NBojg5dsatI-00876-00225335-00225458 to a
NBojg5dsatI-00877-00225459-00225646 antiferromagnetic or
NBojg5dsatI-00878-00225648-00225903 to a insulating phase so
NBojg5dsatI-00879-00225904-00226015 ah
NBojg5dsatI-00880-00226016-00226351 this is the maximum that has been ah
NBojg5dsatI-00881-00226352-00226582 considered as the limiting composition
NBojg5dsatI-00882-00226583-00226903 for doping into manganesite either by
NBojg5dsatI-00883-00226904-00227415 iron chromium or ah any other metal ions
NBojg5dsatI-00884-00227416-00227719 so what is special about this ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-00885-00227719-00228087 why when ruthenium four is substituted
NBojg5dsatI-00886-00228088-00228398 this long range ferromagnetism is still
NBojg5dsatI-00887-00228400-00228510 sustained
NBojg5dsatI-00888-00228511-00228823 why i am particularly emphasizing this
NBojg5dsatI-00889-00228823-00229198 here is when you consider a unit lattice
NBojg5dsatI-00890-00229200-00229655 of manganese manganese manganese and
NBojg5dsatI-00891-00229656-00229934 ruthenium for example so ruthenium three
NBojg5dsatI-00892-00229935-00230087 plus manganese three pluses are
NBojg5dsatI-00893-00230088-00230279 manganese four plus is there
NBojg5dsatI-00894-00230280-00230487 if you are increasing the proportion to
NBojg5dsatI-00895-00230488-00230798 forty we are saying at every alternate
NBojg5dsatI-00896-00230800-00231127 position next to manganese we are almost
NBojg5dsatI-00897-00231128-00231446 bringing an another ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-00898-00231448-00231791 so in a basal plane a b basal plane
NBojg5dsatI-00899-00231792-00231958 where we have manganese ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-00900-00231959-00232119 manganese ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-00901-00232119-00232406 then we are almost evolving at a new
NBojg5dsatI-00902-00232407-00232671 perovskite phase and this is not known
NBojg5dsatI-00903-00232671-00232991 or reported so far so in this case what
NBojg5dsatI-00904-00232992-00233358 is that which is happening ah special to
NBojg5dsatI-00905-00233359-00233671 ruthenium doping compared to all other
NBojg5dsatI-00906-00233671-00233887 transition metals is the question and
NBojg5dsatI-00907-00233888-00234142 how we can use excess to
NBojg5dsatI-00908-00234144-00234415 prove this point as i told you from the
NBojg5dsatI-00909-00234416-00234655 previous graph
NBojg5dsatI-00910-00234656-00234934 this long range ferromagnetism is also
NBojg5dsatI-00911-00234935-00235158 exemplified in the
NBojg5dsatI-00912-00235159-00235455 plot of resistance versus temperature as
NBojg5dsatI-00913-00235456-00235742 you can see here even with 30 and 40
NBojg5dsatI-00914-00235744-00236182 percent ruthenium doping
NBojg5dsatI-00915-00236183-00236463 40 ruthenium doping you can still this
NBojg5dsatI-00916-00236464-00236703 see this metal insulated transition on
NBojg5dsatI-00917-00236704-00236991 and in these three cases metallic
NBojg5dsatI-00918-00236992-00237215 behavior is still seen so this is quite
NBojg5dsatI-00919-00237216-00237519 unusual for a ruthenium doping to show
NBojg5dsatI-00920-00237519-00237839 such a long range ferromagnetism
NBojg5dsatI-00921-00237840-00238303 and not only to this 3d perovskites
NBojg5dsatI-00922-00238304-00238487 or 3d magnets
NBojg5dsatI-00923-00238488-00238606 if we take
NBojg5dsatI-00924-00238607-00238823 any two dimensional
NBojg5dsatI-00925-00238823-00239079 layered magnets like this in two
NBojg5dsatI-00926-00239080-00239415 dimensional layered magnets like la 1.2
NBojg5dsatI-00927-00239416-00239551 ca
NBojg5dsatI-00928-00239552-00239806 m n two minus x r u x
NBojg5dsatI-00929-00239807-00239998 you actually have this collinear
NBojg5dsatI-00930-00240000-00240279 ferromagnetism which is confined only in
NBojg5dsatI-00931-00240280-00240719 the a b axis
NBojg5dsatI-00932-00240719-00241151 a b axis and along the c axis it is not
NBojg5dsatI-00933-00241152-00241430 possible along the c axis
NBojg5dsatI-00934-00241431-00241542 it is not
NBojg5dsatI-00935-00241544-00241782 magnetically ordered so this is called
NBojg5dsatI-00936-00241783-00242191 as two dimensional magnets where
NBojg5dsatI-00937-00242192-00242415 magnetism is confined only in two
NBojg5dsatI-00938-00242416-00242687 dimensions but even in this case as you
NBojg5dsatI-00939-00242688-00242998 see if you put ruthenium instead of
NBojg5dsatI-00940-00243000-00243263 killing the ferromagnetism it is only
NBojg5dsatI-00941-00243264-00243519 improving on the ferromagnetic
NBojg5dsatI-00942-00243519-00243791 transition in other words with more and
NBojg5dsatI-00943-00243792-00244023 more of ruthenium concentration you are
NBojg5dsatI-00944-00244023-00244319 able to push the tc even to 20 kelvin
NBojg5dsatI-00945-00244319-00244558 which is a very unusual state so
NBojg5dsatI-00946-00244559-00244806 something very unusual is happening when
NBojg5dsatI-00947-00244807-00245182 ruthenium is doped into manganese and
NBojg5dsatI-00948-00245183-00245430 you can see that the same case happens
NBojg5dsatI-00949-00245431-00245606 when you change from strontium to
NBojg5dsatI-00950-00245607-00245975 calcium again increase in magnetization
NBojg5dsatI-00951-00245976-00246271 and therefore there is some
NBojg5dsatI-00952-00246271-00246623 thing that we can draw there is a clear
NBojg5dsatI-00953-00246623-00246934 double exchange which is dominating over
NBojg5dsatI-00954-00246935-00247215 super exchange in the up to 20 percent
NBojg5dsatI-00955-00247216-00247519 of ruthenium doping beyond which there
NBojg5dsatI-00956-00247519-00247758 seems to be some competing magnetic
NBojg5dsatI-00957-00247759-00247958 interactions which i will discuss in
NBojg5dsatI-00958-00247959-00248319 some other module about the
NBojg5dsatI-00959-00248319-00248519 different magnetic phase
NBojg5dsatI-00960-00248519-00248798 i will quickly go through another
NBojg5dsatI-00961-00248800-00248975 example of
NBojg5dsatI-00962-00248976-00249087 a simple
NBojg5dsatI-00963-00249088-00249223 manganate
NBojg5dsatI-00964-00249223-00249623 la 0.7 calcium point 3 manganese 1 point
NBojg5dsatI-00965-00249623-00249710 x
NBojg5dsatI-00966-00249711-00249934 ruthini mx in this case
NBojg5dsatI-00967-00249935-00250191 even if you keep on changing ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-00968-00250192-00250567 you can look at the l2 l3h and see how
NBojg5dsatI-00969-00250567-00250839 the nature of this x-ray absorption peak
NBojg5dsatI-00970-00250840-00251151 changes for example you we can actually
NBojg5dsatI-00971-00251152-00251479 try to compare the l to l three h
NBojg5dsatI-00972-00251480-00251655 with respect to root
NBojg5dsatI-00973-00251656-00251991 strontium root in it s r r u o three
NBojg5dsatI-00974-00251992-00252334 because s r r o ru3 in this case the
NBojg5dsatI-00975-00252335-00252582 valency of ruthenium is proven
NBojg5dsatI-00976-00252583-00252846 so if you make a comparison with that
NBojg5dsatI-00977-00252848-00253110 and you can clearly see that in the case
NBojg5dsatI-00978-00253111-00253182 of
NBojg5dsatI-00979-00253183-00253334 the
NBojg5dsatI-00980-00253335-00253719 ruthenium l2 l3h we can clearly see that
NBojg5dsatI-00981-00253719-00253991 there is a shift for
NBojg5dsatI-00982-00253992-00254319 above point ruthenium point two ah in
NBojg5dsatI-00983-00254319-00254639 this compositions so therefore the
NBojg5dsatI-00984-00254640-00254934 um the ruthenium valency seems to be
NBojg5dsatI-00985-00254935-00255342 varying somewhere from 4 plus to some
NBojg5dsatI-00986-00255344-00255630 other valency which is actually
NBojg5dsatI-00987-00255631-00255863 contributing to stabilizing the
NBojg5dsatI-00988-00255864-00256175 ferromagnetic interaction and as you see
NBojg5dsatI-00989-00256176-00256310 here the
NBojg5dsatI-00990-00256311-00256742 solid lines represent l 3 and the open
NBojg5dsatI-00991-00256744-00256942 circles represent l 2
NBojg5dsatI-00992-00256944-00257215 and l 2 is actually shifted l 2 is
NBojg5dsatI-00993-00257216-00257430 supposed to come here
NBojg5dsatI-00994-00257431-00257710 in the lower energies l 2 is supposed to
NBojg5dsatI-00995-00257711-00257958 come somewhere here but it is purposely
NBojg5dsatI-00996-00257959-00258127 pushed here so that
NBojg5dsatI-00997-00258128-00258398 there is a comparison between l 2 and l
NBojg5dsatI-00998-00258400-00258734 3 edges are made so what we see from
NBojg5dsatI-00999-00258735-00259015 this curve is that there is some issue
NBojg5dsatI-01000-00259016-00259127 that is
NBojg5dsatI-01001-00259128-00259310 significantly happening with the
NBojg5dsatI-01002-00259311-00259598 ruthenium oxidation state now let us
NBojg5dsatI-01003-00259600-00259939 take another example of
NBojg5dsatI-01004-00259940-00260334 srru3 as i told you in sr ru3 which is
NBojg5dsatI-01005-00260335-00260487 the parent compound
NBojg5dsatI-01006-00260488-00260751 ruthenium is in four plus therefore
NBojg5dsatI-01007-00260752-00260982 instead of doping ruthenium into
NBojg5dsatI-01008-00260983-00261255 manganate we can now do a reverse doping
NBojg5dsatI-01009-00261256-00261551 where we put manganese into a known
NBojg5dsatI-01010-00261552-00261671 ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01011-00261671-00261998 oxide so in that case also you would see
NBojg5dsatI-01012-00262000-00262334 this is a ferromagnetic metal
NBojg5dsatI-01013-00262335-00262699 whereas sr mno3 is a
NBojg5dsatI-01014-00262700-00262975 antiferromagnetic insulator
NBojg5dsatI-01015-00262976-00263055 now
NBojg5dsatI-01016-00263056-00263319 if you keep on doping manganese into
NBojg5dsatI-01017-00263320-00263575 ruthenium you would see that there is a
NBojg5dsatI-01018-00263576-00263663 very
NBojg5dsatI-01019-00263664-00263951 ah strong ferromagnetic signal there
NBojg5dsatI-01020-00263952-00264255 even up to 70 percent we can see a
NBojg5dsatI-01021-00264256-00264430 ferromagnetic transition that is
NBojg5dsatI-01022-00264431-00264687 happening there is a sustained dc this
NBojg5dsatI-01023-00264688-00264910 is very very unusual so there is
NBojg5dsatI-01024-00264911-00265110 something happening
NBojg5dsatI-01025-00265111-00265327 not only in ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01026-00265328-00265527 there is something happening in
NBojg5dsatI-01027-00265528-00265847 manganese also so what is that
NBojg5dsatI-01028-00265848-00266143 which is stabilizing ferromagnetism
NBojg5dsatI-01029-00266144-00266415 between ruthenium and manganese centers
NBojg5dsatI-01030-00266416-00266663 this is what we can probe and
NBojg5dsatI-01031-00266664-00267023 i am just listing out some of the
NBojg5dsatI-01032-00267024-00267358 parameters from the magnetic study
NBojg5dsatI-01033-00267359-00267479 tc as
NBojg5dsatI-01034-00267480-00267727 as you can see because it's a broad
NBojg5dsatI-01035-00267728-00268039 transition we can try to derivatize the
NBojg5dsatI-01036-00268040-00268247 curve and take the tc
NBojg5dsatI-01037-00268248-00268479 even up to 50 percent of manganese
NBojg5dsatI-01038-00268480-00268815 doping we still see a very clear
NBojg5dsatI-01039-00268816-00269023 curie temperature that is ferromagnetic
NBojg5dsatI-01040-00269024-00269175 ordering and
NBojg5dsatI-01041-00269176-00269503 although the tc is dropping nevertheless
NBojg5dsatI-01042-00269504-00269871 it is not becoming non-magnetic now
NBojg5dsatI-01043-00269872-00270071 to probe this let's take the case of
NBojg5dsatI-01044-00270072-00270487 manganese l23 spectra and if we look at
NBojg5dsatI-01045-00270488-00270934 the l2h and the l3h l3h seems to be
NBojg5dsatI-01046-00270935-00271206 going through a very different feature
NBojg5dsatI-01047-00271207-00271519 compared to l2 and therefore if we
NBojg5dsatI-01048-00271520-00271799 carefully probe this as you increase the
NBojg5dsatI-01049-00271800-00271991 concentration of
NBojg5dsatI-01050-00271992-00272295 manganese in strontium protein it this
NBojg5dsatI-01051-00272296-00272495 particular c
NBojg5dsatI-01052-00272496-00272782 peak is actually growing in strength
NBojg5dsatI-01053-00272783-00272951 than b
NBojg5dsatI-01054-00272952-00273063 so
NBojg5dsatI-01055-00273064-00273543 we we can say that as we increase the
NBojg5dsatI-01056-00273544-00273743 concentration of manganese then
NBojg5dsatI-01057-00273744-00273991 something is happening to the oxidation
NBojg5dsatI-01058-00273992-00274479 state of manganese it may be either 3 or
NBojg5dsatI-01059-00274480-00274727 it should be 4 and that's why this
NBojg5dsatI-01060-00274728-00274847 particular
NBojg5dsatI-01061-00274848-00275134 intensity has grown very significantly
NBojg5dsatI-01062-00275135-00275430 compared to position b
NBojg5dsatI-01063-00275431-00275551 and now
NBojg5dsatI-01064-00275552-00275863 let us take the same l 2 3 h
NBojg5dsatI-01065-00275864-00276215 for manganese core and try to compare
NBojg5dsatI-01066-00276216-00276534 this equiatomic composition that is 50
NBojg5dsatI-01067-00276535-00276782 50 of ruthenium and manganese and make
NBojg5dsatI-01068-00276783-00277206 comparison between mno2 and li mn2o4 you
NBojg5dsatI-01069-00277207-00277471 can clearly see that
NBojg5dsatI-01070-00277472-00277782 this 50 50 composition is resembling
NBojg5dsatI-01071-00277783-00278175 more of lamb and 204 compared to mno2
NBojg5dsatI-01072-00278176-00278527 because in mno2 you actually have
NBojg5dsatI-01073-00278528-00278863 mn only in three play state whereas l a
NBojg5dsatI-01074-00278864-00279134 m n two o four is a solid state battery
NBojg5dsatI-01075-00279135-00279367 material it is a electrolyte sorry it is
NBojg5dsatI-01076-00279368-00279687 a electrode and in this case manganese
NBojg5dsatI-01077-00279688-00280055 is present both in three and four state
NBojg5dsatI-01078-00280056-00280399 so what we can say at this stage is when
NBojg5dsatI-01079-00280400-00280695 manganese is doped into
NBojg5dsatI-01080-00280696-00280975 ruthenium or rutinis manganese is
NBojg5dsatI-01081-00280976-00281319 undergoing a mixed balance state similar
NBojg5dsatI-01082-00281320-00281558 to what we see saw in ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01083-00281559-00281863 substituted manganese now let us go one
NBojg5dsatI-01084-00281864-00282134 one more step and try to map the
NBojg5dsatI-01085-00282135-00282479 ruthenium l23 spectra carefully
NBojg5dsatI-01086-00282480-00282767 for all these substitutions
NBojg5dsatI-01087-00282768-00283119 as a function of x as you see here this
NBojg5dsatI-01088-00283120-00283479 x is equal to 0 is sr ru3
NBojg5dsatI-01089-00283480-00283815 and once you go up to 0.5 you can
NBojg5dsatI-01090-00283816-00284087 clearly see that there is a shift in the
NBojg5dsatI-01091-00284088-00284647 h for both l 2 and l3 and also this l3
NBojg5dsatI-01092-00284648-00284982 peak intensity is growing in intensity
NBojg5dsatI-01093-00284983-00285287 so that clearly says that there is a
NBojg5dsatI-01094-00285288-00285439 shift in the
NBojg5dsatI-01095-00285440-00285663 ruthenium balance
NBojg5dsatI-01096-00285664-00286023 so instead of four plus ruthenium there
NBojg5dsatI-01097-00286024-00286263 seems to be a shift to higher valence
NBojg5dsatI-01098-00286264-00286503 state because the shift is more towards
NBojg5dsatI-01099-00286504-00286734 higher energy therefore it should be
NBojg5dsatI-01100-00286735-00286863 ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01101-00286864-00286951 four
NBojg5dsatI-01102-00286952-00287351 two either ruthenium 5 or ruthenium 6
NBojg5dsatI-01103-00287352-00287647 this much we can analyze from there so
NBojg5dsatI-01104-00287648-00287991 let's take a comparison now we will
NBojg5dsatI-01105-00287992-00288319 compare it with sr ru3 which is 4 plus
NBojg5dsatI-01106-00288320-00288663 state and here is another well-known sr4
NBojg5dsatI-01107-00288664-00289079 ru-209 which actually shows ruthenium in
NBojg5dsatI-01108-00289080-00289630 5 state now if you compare the sr ru mn
NBojg5dsatI-01109-00289631-00290023 signal it is neither in sr ru3 state
NBojg5dsatI-01110-00290024-00290487 which is 4 plus nor in sr 4 ru 2 o 9
NBojg5dsatI-01111-00290488-00290806 state which is 5 plus so we can say
NBojg5dsatI-01112-00290807-00291143 clearly that the position of the 50 50
NBojg5dsatI-01113-00291144-00291367 composition clearly suggests that
NBojg5dsatI-01114-00291368-00291510 ruthenium is
NBojg5dsatI-01115-00291511-00291775 in both
NBojg5dsatI-01116-00291776-00292030 4 plus and 5 plus state
NBojg5dsatI-01117-00292031-00292334 so because of that we seem to be
NBojg5dsatI-01118-00292335-00292591 seeing a unusual ferromagnetic
NBojg5dsatI-01119-00292592-00292823 interaction now this can actually be
NBojg5dsatI-01120-00292824-00293054 compared to another well known
NBojg5dsatI-01121-00293055-00293254 well characterized
NBojg5dsatI-01122-00293255-00293606 system which is lasr copper ruthinite
NBojg5dsatI-01123-00293607-00293782 structure which is a
NBojg5dsatI-01124-00293783-00294063 recently found ferromagnetic compound
NBojg5dsatI-01125-00294064-00294415 and this particular one has ruthenium in
NBojg5dsatI-01126-00294416-00294543 both
NBojg5dsatI-01127-00294544-00294887 4 plus 5 plus ratio and as a result we
NBojg5dsatI-01128-00294888-00295167 can say that it is ruthenium which is
NBojg5dsatI-01129-00295168-00295479 undergoing a transformation to 5 plus
NBojg5dsatI-01130-00295480-00295863 state now to exclude the possibility of
NBojg5dsatI-01131-00295864-00296071 the crystal field contributions that can
NBojg5dsatI-01132-00296072-00296158 come
NBojg5dsatI-01133-00296159-00296287 other than
NBojg5dsatI-01134-00296288-00296519 or due to manganese doping we can
NBojg5dsatI-01135-00296520-00296734 actually try to do a theoretical
NBojg5dsatI-01136-00296735-00296999 calculation also where we can try to map
NBojg5dsatI-01137-00297000-00297447 the l 2 l 3 h of both 4 d 4
NBojg5dsatI-01138-00297448-00297599 and 4 d
NBojg5dsatI-01139-00297600-00297703 3
NBojg5dsatI-01140-00297704-00297823 states
NBojg5dsatI-01141-00297824-00298039 4 d 4 and 4 d
NBojg5dsatI-01142-00298040-00298182 3 states
NBojg5dsatI-01143-00298183-00298454 in this case we can try to change the
NBojg5dsatI-01144-00298455-00298623 slatter angle
NBojg5dsatI-01145-00298624-00298910 which is nothing but your 10 dq value
NBojg5dsatI-01146-00298911-00299271 and see how the l
NBojg5dsatI-01147-00299272-00299558 l2 and l3 edges behave
NBojg5dsatI-01148-00299559-00299815 and this is the case for
NBojg5dsatI-01149-00299816-00300151 4 d4 this is the case for 4 d 3 plus 4 d
NBojg5dsatI-01150-00300152-00300487 3 plus incidentally is your ruthenium 4
NBojg5dsatI-01151-00300488-00300582 and
NBojg5dsatI-01152-00300583-00300679 4 d
NBojg5dsatI-01153-00300680-00300927 3 plus and in this case this is 4 d 4
NBojg5dsatI-01154-00300928-00301247 plus which is your ruthenium 5 plus as
NBojg5dsatI-01155-00301248-00301471 you would see very clearly
NBojg5dsatI-01156-00301472-00301710 not much change is happening because
NBojg5dsatI-01157-00301711-00301958 only in this case you see the intensity
NBojg5dsatI-01158-00301959-00302254 of this ap growing but nevertheless you
NBojg5dsatI-01159-00302255-00302479 do not see any new features coming
NBojg5dsatI-01160-00302480-00302703 because this is corresponding only to
NBojg5dsatI-01161-00302704-00302854 0.2
NBojg5dsatI-01162-00302855-00303110 electron volt so 0.2 electron volt
NBojg5dsatI-01163-00303111-00303471 cannot substantiate for a
NBojg5dsatI-01164-00303472-00303823 promotion of 4 plus to a 5 plus state so
NBojg5dsatI-01165-00303824-00304103 all we can say is the contribution is
NBojg5dsatI-01166-00304104-00304391 actually coming not from crystal field
NBojg5dsatI-01167-00304392-00304623 but it is coming purely from the
NBojg5dsatI-01168-00304624-00304910 oxidation state and for this calculation
NBojg5dsatI-01169-00304911-00305134 we have actually used
NBojg5dsatI-01170-00305135-00305423 a hamiltonian this hamiltonian actually
NBojg5dsatI-01171-00305424-00305791 talks about the h average which is ah
NBojg5dsatI-01172-00305792-00305975 which is coming from
NBojg5dsatI-01173-00305976-00306271 the crystal field and then this is
NBojg5dsatI-01174-00306272-00306534 the one which is
NBojg5dsatI-01175-00306535-00306758 the hamiltonian due to multiple
NBojg5dsatI-01176-00306759-00306943 splitting and this
NBojg5dsatI-01177-00306944-00307239 hamiltonian ms is
NBojg5dsatI-01178-00307240-00307519 coming both from the ls coupling of your
NBojg5dsatI-01179-00307520-00307782 2p electron ls coupling of your 4d
NBojg5dsatI-01180-00307783-00308039 electron and then your cubic crystal
NBojg5dsatI-01181-00308040-00308454 field contribution and also this is from
NBojg5dsatI-01182-00308455-00308534 the
NBojg5dsatI-01183-00308535-00308775 exchange integral and the coulomb
NBojg5dsatI-01184-00308776-00308991 integral of your
NBojg5dsatI-01185-00308992-00309158 of your electrons
NBojg5dsatI-01186-00309159-00309382 that is from 2p to
NBojg5dsatI-01187-00309383-00309534 4d so
NBojg5dsatI-01188-00309535-00309719 this contribution is actually coming
NBojg5dsatI-01189-00309720-00309943 from your coulomb and
NBojg5dsatI-01190-00309944-00310191 exchange integral
NBojg5dsatI-01191-00310192-00310495 and this exchange integral g i j is what
NBojg5dsatI-01192-00310496-00310806 we call it as slatter integral so all we
NBojg5dsatI-01193-00310807-00311110 can say from this calculation is that
NBojg5dsatI-01194-00311111-00311239 that
NBojg5dsatI-01195-00311240-00311327 the
NBojg5dsatI-01196-00311328-00311543 crystal field is not contributing to
NBojg5dsatI-01197-00311544-00311806 this splitting but this is truly coming
NBojg5dsatI-01198-00311807-00311887 from
NBojg5dsatI-01199-00311888-00312079 the oxidation state
NBojg5dsatI-01200-00312080-00312271 having said that
NBojg5dsatI-01201-00312272-00312479 what we can say what are the consequence
NBojg5dsatI-01202-00312480-00312719 of the presence of ah ruthenium five
NBojg5dsatI-01203-00312720-00312951 plus in this state and how does it
NBojg5dsatI-01204-00312952-00313239 influence on the ferromagnetic state so
NBojg5dsatI-01205-00313240-00313367 this is a
NBojg5dsatI-01206-00313368-00313679 sum of contour just to understand um
NBojg5dsatI-01207-00313680-00313887 having understood that there is a mixed
NBojg5dsatI-01208-00313888-00314023 balance state
NBojg5dsatI-01209-00314024-00314254 in manganese and having understood that
NBojg5dsatI-01210-00314255-00314510 there is a mixed valency in ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01211-00314511-00314799 how can we make a case for this
NBojg5dsatI-01212-00314800-00314982 as you would see from a typical
NBojg5dsatI-01213-00314983-00315158 perovskite
NBojg5dsatI-01214-00315159-00315399 of manganate the a
NBojg5dsatI-01215-00315400-00315727 axis and the b axis can be represented
NBojg5dsatI-01216-00315728-00316030 like this and in this we told that this
NBojg5dsatI-01217-00316031-00316382 e g electron can go to this site
NBojg5dsatI-01218-00316383-00316679 if it is ferromagnetically ordered
NBojg5dsatI-01219-00316680-00316999 when this angle is 180 degree
NBojg5dsatI-01220-00317000-00317375 now when we try to substitute ruthenium
NBojg5dsatI-01221-00317376-00317599 into this place what is happening
NBojg5dsatI-01222-00317600-00317879 ruthenium 4 plus gets oxidized to
NBojg5dsatI-01223-00317880-00318215 ruthenium five plus and in the bargain
NBojg5dsatI-01224-00318216-00318463 part of your manganese four plus is
NBojg5dsatI-01225-00318464-00318710 actually getting reduced to manganese
NBojg5dsatI-01226-00318711-00318991 three plus as a result now if you
NBojg5dsatI-01227-00318992-00319351 carefully look at the t2g eg level of
NBojg5dsatI-01228-00319352-00319767 ruthenium 5 plus and t2g eg level of
NBojg5dsatI-01229-00319768-00320054 your manganese 4 plus the
NBojg5dsatI-01230-00320055-00320158 parent
NBojg5dsatI-01231-00320159-00320495 parentage of the t2g eg orbital is the
NBojg5dsatI-01232-00320496-00320767 same in other words we are almost
NBojg5dsatI-01233-00320768-00321071 providing two pathways for this
NBojg5dsatI-01234-00321072-00321406 itinerant eg electron to hop one it can
NBojg5dsatI-01235-00321407-00321719 go from here to manganese four plus or
NBojg5dsatI-01236-00321720-00321951 it can go from here to ruthenium five
NBojg5dsatI-01237-00321952-00322263 plus because as far as the t2g eg
NBojg5dsatI-01238-00322264-00322551 occupation it remains the same for both
NBojg5dsatI-01239-00322552-00322847 as a result even if you are going to
NBojg5dsatI-01240-00322848-00323127 substitute ruthenium to the order of 50
NBojg5dsatI-01241-00323128-00323319 percent you still can see a
NBojg5dsatI-01242-00323320-00323606 ferromagnetic ordering because of the
NBojg5dsatI-01243-00323607-00323830 isoelectronic configuration not only
NBojg5dsatI-01244-00323831-00324182 that the coupled manganese 3 4 has a
NBojg5dsatI-01245-00324183-00324375 size which is comparable to that of
NBojg5dsatI-01246-00324376-00324687 manganese 4 5 and also
NBojg5dsatI-01247-00324688-00324847 both have
NBojg5dsatI-01248-00324848-00325182 a comparable redox potential
NBojg5dsatI-01249-00325183-00325479 in this case redox potential for this is
NBojg5dsatI-01250-00325480-00325654 1.01
NBojg5dsatI-01251-00325655-00326006 and in this case it is 1.13
NBojg5dsatI-01252-00326007-00326343 ev therefore because of the
NBojg5dsatI-01253-00326344-00326599 matching redox potential whenever you
NBojg5dsatI-01254-00326600-00326815 try to put ruthenium 4 plus into
NBojg5dsatI-01255-00326816-00327071 manganese immediately it promotes to
NBojg5dsatI-01256-00327072-00327343 ruthenium 5 plus so even though
NBojg5dsatI-01257-00327344-00327615 ruthenium 4 plus is getting reduced to
NBojg5dsatI-01258-00327616-00327878 manganese 3 plus you are almost creating
NBojg5dsatI-01259-00327879-00328127 another site for this electron how
NBojg5dsatI-01260-00328128-00328375 hopping to occur as a result a
NBojg5dsatI-01261-00328376-00328615 ferromagnetism can be substantiated so
NBojg5dsatI-01262-00328616-00328727 this is a
NBojg5dsatI-01263-00328728-00329015 this is one case that we i have tried to
NBojg5dsatI-01264-00329016-00329415 explain to you where excess can
NBojg5dsatI-01265-00329416-00329558 without any
NBojg5dsatI-01266-00329559-00329830 doubt can resolve this issue because it
NBojg5dsatI-01267-00329831-00330119 gives you precise information about the
NBojg5dsatI-01268-00330120-00330406 local structure the oxidation state as a
NBojg5dsatI-01269-00330407-00330654 result we can propose a mechanism which
NBojg5dsatI-01270-00330655-00330878 is very unique of this particular
NBojg5dsatI-01271-00330879-00331206 compound so with this i would like to
NBojg5dsatI-01272-00331207-00331519 finish and there is a small animation
NBojg5dsatI-01273-00331520-00331751 that we can try to look at
NBojg5dsatI-01274-00331752-00331830 and
NBojg5dsatI-01275-00331831-00331943 how the
NBojg5dsatI-01276-00331944-00332087 instrumentation
NBojg5dsatI-01277-00332088-00332191 is housed
NBojg5dsatI-01278-00332192-00332382 and what are all the facilities that we
NBojg5dsatI-01279-00332383-00332671 can see here is where the yellow line
NBojg5dsatI-01280-00332672-00332982 signifies that the
NBojg5dsatI-01281-00332983-00333182 high energy x-rays are
NBojg5dsatI-01282-00333183-00333463 diverted to many places and we can also
NBojg5dsatI-01283-00333464-00333823 typically see how this can be used in
NBojg5dsatI-01284-00333824-00334078 different substations
NBojg5dsatI-01285-00334079-00334247 and these are the
NBojg5dsatI-01286-00334248-00334463 many beam lines that we see in this
NBojg5dsatI-01287-00334464-00335327 advanced light source
NBojg5dsatI-01288-00335328-00335599 a typical substation actually will have
NBojg5dsatI-01289-00335600-00335799 a lab as
NBojg5dsatI-01290-00335800-00336654 the lab that we see here
NBojg5dsatI-01291-00336655-00336823 and not only we can look at the
NBojg5dsatI-01292-00336824-00337087 spectroscopy as you would see in this
NBojg5dsatI-01293-00337088-00337415 particular lab which is using als source
NBojg5dsatI-01294-00337416-00337647 we actually have
NBojg5dsatI-01295-00337648-00337910 a scanning tunneling microscopy which is
NBojg5dsatI-01296-00337911-00338023 being
NBojg5dsatI-01297-00338024-00338310 conducted and this is specially on an
NBojg5dsatI-01298-00338311-00338591 isolated carbon nanotube
NBojg5dsatI-01299-00338592-00338743 and here is
NBojg5dsatI-01300-00338744-00338967 a person working on carbon nanotubes and
NBojg5dsatI-01301-00338968-00340854 the images are being seen here
NBojg5dsatI-01302-00340855-00342943 so
NBojg5dsatI-01303-00342944-00343152 you
NBRw_1NbycM-00000-00000000-00000286 crisis spiraling out of control hundreds
NBRw_1NbycM-00001-00000287-00000463 of thousands of asylum seekers are
NBRw_1NbycM-00002-00000465-00000719 risking everything a human wave washing
NBRw_1NbycM-00003-00000720-00000941 over Europe southern shores hundreds of
NBRw_1NbycM-00004-00000942-00001127 thousands of migrants have streamed into
NBRw_1NbycM-00005-00001128-00001354 Europe the largest influx there since
NBRw_1NbycM-00006-00001355-00001907 the end of World War II good evening
NBRw_1NbycM-00007-00001907-00002120 ladies and gentlemen it's been months
NBRw_1NbycM-00008-00002121-00002434 since the Syrian war forced the millions
NBRw_1NbycM-00009-00002435-00002648 of desperate families turn away from
NBRw_1NbycM-00010-00002649-00002939 their home countries a life or death
NBRw_1NbycM-00011-00002940-00003191 journey which leads them to cross
NBRw_1NbycM-00012-00003192-00003395 European borders in hope for happiness
NBRw_1NbycM-00013-00003396-00003677 and safety the escape route mostly
NBRw_1NbycM-00014-00003678-00003913 through Turkey Hungary and Austria to
NBRw_1NbycM-00015-00003914-00004186 Germany's heart young people are walking
NBRw_1NbycM-00016-00004187-00004379 hundreds of kilometres through the
NBRw_1NbycM-00017-00004380-00004604 wilderness of Europe for the shells they
NBRw_1NbycM-00018-00004605-00005342 hopefully get at their destination
NBRw_1NbycM-00019-00005343-00006255 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00020-00006256-00008189 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00021-00008190-00008481 I'm so excited that they invited us
NBRw_1NbycM-00022-00008482-00008769 after such a long time since we helped
NBRw_1NbycM-00023-00008770-00009149 them to escape yes but like I'm nervous
NBRw_1NbycM-00024-00009150-00009369 I don't know what to expect from them
NBRw_1NbycM-00025-00009370-00009699 oh darling then boy about that just be
NBRw_1NbycM-00026-00009700-00009780 yourself
NBRw_1NbycM-00027-00009781-00010145 okay hey wait let's go in
NBRw_1NbycM-00028-00010146-00012203 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00029-00012204-00014315 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00030-00014316-00015921 so we have Richard off see Wow it's
NBRw_1NbycM-00031-00015922-00016241 amazing the weather is like so nice yeah
NBRw_1NbycM-00032-00016243-00016740 so great like I actually want to to go
NBRw_1NbycM-00033-00016741-00016905 to Morocco after high school you should
NBRw_1NbycM-00034-00016906-00017136 definitely go here is so cool it's so
NBRw_1NbycM-00035-00017137-00017444 good yeah I want to relax before College
NBRw_1NbycM-00036-00017445-00017553 oh yeah of course
NBRw_1NbycM-00037-00017554-00017850 so what are your plans for college hmm I
NBRw_1NbycM-00038-00017851-00018135 actually wants to study chemistry what
NBRw_1NbycM-00039-00018136-00018285 about I know that I know that you're
NBRw_1NbycM-00040-00018286-00018465 interested in chemistry but like you
NBRw_1NbycM-00041-00018466-00018825 want to go abroad or something well yeah
NBRw_1NbycM-00042-00018826-00019155 why well because there are a lot of
NBRw_1NbycM-00043-00019156-00019397 chances out there yeah but literally
NBRw_1NbycM-00044-00019398-00019542 everyone is like going out of the
NBRw_1NbycM-00045-00019543-00019749 country and just like searching for
NBRw_1NbycM-00046-00019750-00020010 better perspective and future and I will
NBRw_1NbycM-00047-00020011-00020169 probably be the last person in my
NBRw_1NbycM-00048-00020170-00020439 country with a few persons of the
NBRw_1NbycM-00049-00020440-00020721 government and they will turn off the
NBRw_1NbycM-00050-00020722-00021036 light when everyone escape my country so
NBRw_1NbycM-00051-00021037-00021336 that's like I mean I see your point
NBRw_1NbycM-00052-00021337-00021612 actually but like you don't understand
NBRw_1NbycM-00053-00021613-00021999 us we have so many choices abroad and
NBRw_1NbycM-00054-00022000-00022347 and we don't even actually get asked
NBRw_1NbycM-00055-00022348-00022488 should we stay or should we go we just
NBRw_1NbycM-00056-00022489-00022743 go but can we just make the best
NBRw_1NbycM-00057-00022744-00022925 perspective here in our country where we
NBRw_1NbycM-00058-00022926-00023571 live no because you are you don't
NBRw_1NbycM-00059-00023572-00024539 understand
NBRw_1NbycM-00060-00024540-00024897 well I've been thinking about taking a
NBRw_1NbycM-00061-00024898-00025158 short trip to Norway during the holidays
NBRw_1NbycM-00062-00025159-00025389 what do you think it's a great idea
NBRw_1NbycM-00063-00025390-00025714 Jerome would you join us on the trip
NBRw_1NbycM-00064-00025716-00026049 well only if you're ready to wait for us
NBRw_1NbycM-00065-00026050-00026315 at the each border we'll slow it down
NBRw_1NbycM-00066-00026316-00026537 because we can't travel without applying
NBRw_1NbycM-00067-00026538-00026847 for a visa each time we want to cross
NBRw_1NbycM-00068-00026848-00027099 the border because it was a struggle of
NBRw_1NbycM-00069-00027100-00027570 already getting to Germany so why and
NBRw_1NbycM-00070-00027570-00027777 nobody if you are really lucky if you
NBRw_1NbycM-00071-00027777-00027995 can travel like this again welcome wrong
NBRw_1NbycM-00072-00027997-00028323 to from Rome to Stockholm without any
NBRw_1NbycM-00073-00028324-00028611 identification or checkups are needing
NBRw_1NbycM-00074-00028612-00028788 to answer them and knowing questions
NBRw_1NbycM-00075-00028789-00029106 like are you here for vacation or for
NBRw_1NbycM-00076-00029107-00030114 business do you think it's your saying
NBRw_1NbycM-00077-00030114-00030345 that you have it worse because your
NBRw_1NbycM-00078-00030345-00030618 country isn't part of the EU so why
NBRw_1NbycM-00079-00030619-00031038 don't you just join it's not that easy
NBRw_1NbycM-00080-00031039-00031415 to enjoy sure do you is making the big
NBRw_1NbycM-00081-00031416-00031452 deal
NBRw_1NbycM-00082-00031452-00031719 that's selecting who is going to be part
NBRw_1NbycM-00083-00031720-00031767 of it
NBRw_1NbycM-00084-00031768-00032033 at this moment is basically impossible
NBRw_1NbycM-00085-00032035-00032382 to just join in don't you don't you
NBRw_1NbycM-00086-00032383-00032592 think that your point of view is a bit
NBRw_1NbycM-00087-00032593-00033158 too simple simple yes I was just being
NBRw_1NbycM-00088-00033159-00033420 constructive you don't have to get so
NBRw_1NbycM-00089-00033421-00034384 defensive that's getting defensive
NBRw_1NbycM-00090-00034385-00034715 we shouldn't owner has it's for a good
NBRw_1NbycM-00091-00034716-00036704 idea
NBRw_1NbycM-00092-00036705-00037970 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00093-00037971-00038992 oh I'm so close just behind the line
NBRw_1NbycM-00094-00038993-00039398 there's so many benefits we could live
NBRw_1NbycM-00095-00039399-00039683 in any country of the EU if we could
NBRw_1NbycM-00096-00039684-00040071 have freedom yep that's nice
NBRw_1NbycM-00097-00040072-00040301 especially if you're unsatisfied with
NBRw_1NbycM-00098-00040302-00040673 something in your own country then we'll
NBRw_1NbycM-00099-00040674-00041006 have the same fancy currency used by the
NBRw_1NbycM-00100-00041007-00041282 majority but not by everybody they do
NBRw_1NbycM-00101-00041283-00041762 have exceptions and what about the
NBRw_1NbycM-00102-00041763-00042166 health and the security
NBRw_1NbycM-00103-00042167-00042360 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00104-00042361-00042655 also the creation of the you was all
NBRw_1NbycM-00105-00042656-00042763 about one thing
NBRw_1NbycM-00106-00042764-00043141 peace oh that's why Europeans are so
NBRw_1NbycM-00107-00043142-00043402 good at war they were involved in every
NBRw_1NbycM-00108-00043403-00043603 violent conflict for basically all their
NBRw_1NbycM-00109-00043604-00043891 existence but now the economy and
NBRw_1NbycM-00110-00043892-00044170 politics are so closely connected that
NBRw_1NbycM-00111-00044171-00044410 war became both impractical and
NBRw_1NbycM-00112-00044411-00044701 impossible they have had peace for many
NBRw_1NbycM-00113-00044702-00045151 years now and what about the EU funds it
NBRw_1NbycM-00114-00045152-00045301 Korea help our country with the
NBRw_1NbycM-00115-00045302-00045595 infrastructure it's like we're all in
NBRw_1NbycM-00116-00045596-00045901 the same boat for reaching for the same
NBRw_1NbycM-00117-00045902-00046306 goal a strong and united Europe could I
NBRw_1NbycM-00118-00046307-00046588 be that perfect I mean the UK didn't
NBRw_1NbycM-00119-00046589-00047386 have the same opinion right
NBRw_1NbycM-00120-00047387-00047683 but about that what you're talking about
NBRw_1NbycM-00121-00047684-00048067 we all have places but here behind the
NBRw_1NbycM-00122-00048068-00049745 line
NBRw_1NbycM-00123-00049746-00050000 everyone says that my idea it's
NBRw_1NbycM-00124-00050001-00050331 absolutely nobody original and great
NBRw_1NbycM-00125-00050332-00050595 something new that cannot honestly and
NBRw_1NbycM-00126-00050596-00051072 it like idea but really nobody's helping
NBRw_1NbycM-00127-00051073-00052130 me I need someone to begin yeah good
NBRw_1NbycM-00128-00052132-00052442 evening mister I am mrs. Smith from the
NBRw_1NbycM-00129-00052444-00052725 EU font we're at your application and I
NBRw_1NbycM-00130-00052726-00052953 think we can give you financial support
NBRw_1NbycM-00131-00052954-00053202 for your project it will be nice if you
NBRw_1NbycM-00132-00053203-00053463 can come in next week to discuss more
NBRw_1NbycM-00133-00053464-00054015 details in person oh really thank you so
NBRw_1NbycM-00134-00054016-00054372 much well sure I can the sooner the
NBRw_1NbycM-00135-00054373-00054633 better we have lot of other others
NBRw_1NbycM-00136-00054634-00054992 waiting for the same we chose you but we
NBRw_1NbycM-00137-00054994-00055284 also need you to make something for it
NBRw_1NbycM-00138-00055285-00055647 oh thank you so much again no problem
NBRw_1NbycM-00139-00055648-00056620 see you next week
NBRw_1NbycM-00140-00056621-00057762 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00141-00057763-00058216 hello oh hi I shot it's me Fatima
NBRw_1NbycM-00142-00058216-00058524 Colleen oh hi
NBRw_1NbycM-00143-00058525-00058984 so you remember last week when I was at
NBRw_1NbycM-00144-00058985-00059332 your house with my family yes of course
NBRw_1NbycM-00145-00059333-00059754 how can I forget it okay so I just
NBRw_1NbycM-00146-00059755-00060141 wanted to apologize for my husband's
NBRw_1NbycM-00147-00060142-00060526 behavior and yeah I'm really sorry he
NBRw_1NbycM-00148-00060527-00060835 can act sometimes like that oh it's nice
NBRw_1NbycM-00149-00060836-00061402 from you to apologize okay so maybe you
NBRw_1NbycM-00150-00061403-00061720 want to talk this out a restaurant or
NBRw_1NbycM-00151-00061721-00061941 something oh yes
NBRw_1NbycM-00152-00061942-00062212 I'll check through the restaurant and
NBRw_1NbycM-00153-00062213-00062361 I'll call you later
NBRw_1NbycM-00154-00062362-00062644 okay so see you then
NBRw_1NbycM-00155-00062645-00063985 okay see you bye so you're still
NBRw_1NbycM-00156-00063986-00064222 planning on studying abroad probably
NBRw_1NbycM-00157-00064223-00064483 because I mean I saw all chances and I
NBRw_1NbycM-00158-00064484-00064699 want to meet the new cultures and also I
NBRw_1NbycM-00159-00064700-00064951 like one to get a best education
NBRw_1NbycM-00160-00064952-00065200 possible oh yeah you know what I thought
NBRw_1NbycM-00161-00065201-00065389 about that and I think you could be
NBRw_1NbycM-00162-00065390-00065623 right but you need to look at my point
NBRw_1NbycM-00163-00065624-00065878 to me I mean what are the economics
NBRw_1NbycM-00164-00065879-00066061 going to do if all the people will out
NBRw_1NbycM-00165-00066062-00066307 of the country to study and work
NBRw_1NbycM-00166-00066308-00066517 yeah that's actually fair point to me
NBRw_1NbycM-00167-00066518-00066895 like I'm really sorry for that fight my
NBRw_1NbycM-00168-00066896-00067192 standard that we see because if we if we
NBRw_1NbycM-00169-00067193-00067351 talk together if we didn't fight like
NBRw_1NbycM-00170-00067352-00067552 that we would probably we wouldn't
NBRw_1NbycM-00171-00067553-00067780 probably even have an hour yeah probably
NBRw_1NbycM-00172-00067781-00067978 you know what actually changed my mind
NBRw_1NbycM-00173-00067979-00068248 or so last night I saw a post Instagram
NBRw_1NbycM-00174-00068249-00068332 from your brother
NBRw_1NbycM-00175-00068333-00068561 oh and I thought that his project was
NBRw_1NbycM-00176-00068562-00068846 funded by the EU fund which is amazing
NBRw_1NbycM-00177-00068847-00069049 your kids know cool you know he's pretty
NBRw_1NbycM-00178-00069050-00069513 happy about it
NBRw_1NbycM-00179-00069514-00069832 should you like go maybe outside because
NBRw_1NbycM-00180-00069833-00070138 it's like yeah yeah let's go for some
NBRw_1NbycM-00182-00073184-00073834 [Music]
NBRw_1NbycM-00183-00073835-00074394 wanted oh great
NBRw_1NbycM-00184-00074395-00074654 no no everything's fine I'm just a
NBRw_1NbycM-00185-00074655-00074755 beside they're just absolutely
NBRw_1NbycM-00186-00074756-00075335 conference we have to leave it again
NBVqMLllCh4-00000-00000064-00000303 hi guys welcome back to my girlfriend's
NBVqMLllCh4-00001-00000304-00000495 channel this is sandy
NBVqMLllCh4-00002-00000496-00000671 and you're watching
NBVqMLllCh4-00003-00000672-00000902 my girlfriend's channel crazy simran
NBVqMLllCh4-00004-00000903-00001215 okay
NBVqMLllCh4-00005-00001216-00001431 basically
NBVqMLllCh4-00006-00001432-00002661 at the moment
NBVqMLllCh4-00007-00002662-00004079 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00008-00004079-00005486 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00009-00005487-00006478 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00010-00006479-00006895 she is literally very excited
NBVqMLllCh4-00011-00006897-00008063 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00012-00008064-00009380 um
NBVqMLllCh4-00013-00009381-00009687 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00014-00009688-00009855 and
NBVqMLllCh4-00015-00009856-00010542 another one here you go
NBVqMLllCh4-00016-00010543-00011183 and another one there you go
NBVqMLllCh4-00017-00011184-00012206 hello
NBVqMLllCh4-00018-00012207-00013660 okay so she is lord sapi
NBVqMLllCh4-00019-00013661-00014534 [Applause]
NBVqMLllCh4-00020-00014535-00014879 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00021-00014880-00015759 here you go
NBVqMLllCh4-00022-00015760-00016456 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00023-00016457-00016871 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00025-00020695-00020879 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00026-00020880-00021541 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00027-00021542-00022078 [Applause]
NBVqMLllCh4-00028-00022079-00022335 it's a very wonderful place and it's a
NBVqMLllCh4-00029-00022336-00022558 must which is place everyone should
NBVqMLllCh4-00030-00022559-00022678 visit
NBVqMLllCh4-00031-00022679-00022914 expression
NBVqMLllCh4-00032-00022915-00023150 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00033-00023151-00023407 so how is it
NBVqMLllCh4-00034-00023408-00023830 guys he is the best boyfriend ever i
NBVqMLllCh4-00035-00023831-00024080 love him so much
NBVqMLllCh4-00036-00024081-00024686 [Applause]
NBVqMLllCh4-00037-00024687-00026231 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00038-00026232-00027104 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00039-00027105-00027799 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00040-00027800-00028983 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00041-00028983-00029318 guys
NBVqMLllCh4-00042-00029319-00029446 guys
NBVqMLllCh4-00043-00029447-00031967 he is my father
NBVqMLllCh4-00044-00031968-00032580 surprised
NBVqMLllCh4-00045-00032581-00033631 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00046-00033632-00034231 oh my god
NBVqMLllCh4-00047-00034232-00036518 [Applause]
NBVqMLllCh4-00049-00040216-00041830 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00050-00041831-00043734 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00051-00043735-00044623 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00052-00044624-00045567 garlic chicken
NBVqMLllCh4-00053-00045568-00048502 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00054-00048503-00049421 um
NBVqMLllCh4-00055-00049422-00050111 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00056-00050112-00050464 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00057-00050465-00051162 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00058-00051163-00052962 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00059-00052963-00053210 [Applause]
NBVqMLllCh4-00060-00053211-00054623 [Laughter]
NBVqMLllCh4-00061-00054624-00055487 is
NBVqMLllCh4-00062-00055488-00056792 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00063-00056794-00057254 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00064-00057255-00059616 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00065-00059617-00059950 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00066-00059951-00060170 foreign
NBVqMLllCh4-00067-00060171-00061663 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00068-00061664-00061949 hey
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NBVqMLllCh4-00080-00073805-00074382 [Music]
NBVqMLllCh4-00081-00074383-00074718 h
NBVqMLllCh4-00083-00078400-00079446 next week
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NBVqMLllCh4-00088-00080728-00080997 [Music]
NC69bmeGrTg-00000-00000012-00000326 the national Woman Suffrage Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00001-00000327-00000717 NWSA was formed on May 15 1869 in New
NC69bmeGrTg-00002-00000718-00000933 York City the National Association was
NC69bmeGrTg-00003-00000934-00001128 created in response to a split in the
NC69bmeGrTg-00004-00001129-00001344 American Equal Rights Association over
NC69bmeGrTg-00005-00001345-00001491 whether the woman's movement should
NC69bmeGrTg-00006-00001492-00001662 support the Fifteenth Amendment to the
NC69bmeGrTg-00007-00001663-00001962 United States Constitution its founders
NC69bmeGrTg-00008-00001963-00002177 susan b anthony and Elizabeth Cady
NC69bmeGrTg-00009-00002178-00002360 Stanton opposed the Fifteenth Amendment
NC69bmeGrTg-00010-00002361-00002560 unless it included the vote for women
NC69bmeGrTg-00011-00002561-00002841 men were able to join the organization
NC69bmeGrTg-00012-00002842-00003024 as members however women solely
NC69bmeGrTg-00013-00003025-00003171 controlled the leadership of the group
NC69bmeGrTg-00014-00003172-00003482 the NWSA worked to secure women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00015-00003483-00003623 enfranchisement through a federal
NC69bmeGrTg-00016-00003624-00003941 constitutional amendment contrarily its
NC69bmeGrTg-00017-00003942-00004100 rival the American Woman Suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00018-00004101-00004439 Association a WUSA believed success
NC69bmeGrTg-00019-00004440-00004602 could be more easily achieved through
NC69bmeGrTg-00020-00004603-00004937 state-by-state campaigns in 1890 the
NC69bmeGrTg-00021-00004938-00005237 NWSA and the aw s a merged to form the
NC69bmeGrTg-00022-00005238-00005384 National American Woman Suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00023-00005385-00006143 Association nawsa
NC69bmeGrTg-00024-00006144-00006383 topic the split of the suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00025-00006384-00006780 movements
NC69bmeGrTg-00026-00006781-00006978 although the harbingers of dissent
NC69bmeGrTg-00027-00006979-00007155 within different factions of the woman
NC69bmeGrTg-00028-00007156-00007328 suffrage movement may be seen in the
NC69bmeGrTg-00029-00007329-00007517 National woman's rights convention of
NC69bmeGrTg-00030-00007518-00007794 1860 the last national convention before
NC69bmeGrTg-00031-00007795-00007995 the outbreak of the war woman's rights
NC69bmeGrTg-00032-00007995-00008223 activism largely ceased during the Civil
NC69bmeGrTg-00033-00008224-00008460 War the movement reemerged to the
NC69bmeGrTg-00034-00008461-00008741 national scene in 1866 to organize
NC69bmeGrTg-00035-00008742-00008958 formally under a new name the American
NC69bmeGrTg-00036-00008959-00009198 Equal Rights Association era and defined
NC69bmeGrTg-00037-00009199-00009449 by a new platform confronted by the
NC69bmeGrTg-00038-00009450-00009612 proposal of the Reconstruction
NC69bmeGrTg-00039-00009613-00009780 Amendments which introduced the word
NC69bmeGrTg-00040-00009781-00010110 male to the United States Constitution
NC69bmeGrTg-00041-00010111-00010296 the era eventually dissolved over
NC69bmeGrTg-00042-00010297-00010494 whether suffrage for emancipated slaves
NC69bmeGrTg-00043-00010495-00010627 and women would be pursued
NC69bmeGrTg-00044-00010628-00010926 simultaneously the schism was cemented
NC69bmeGrTg-00045-00010927-00011096 by the decision of Republican lawmakers
NC69bmeGrTg-00046-00011097-00011316 and their former abolitionist allies
NC69bmeGrTg-00047-00011317-00011624 that this was the Negroes our leaving
NC69bmeGrTg-00048-00011625-00011816 woman suffrage to be deferred to a more
NC69bmeGrTg-00049-00011817-00012185 opportune moment following the may 1869
NC69bmeGrTg-00050-00012186-00012360 American Equal Rights Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00051-00012361-00012633 convention Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
NC69bmeGrTg-00052-00012634-00012885 Susan B Anthony Jacqueline Valens Ulla
NC69bmeGrTg-00053-00012886-00013107 and B Annette Cuevas Parra established
NC69bmeGrTg-00054-00013108-00013283 the national Woman Suffrage Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00055-00013284-00013577 hereafter referred to as the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00056-00013578-00013869 feeling misguided and deceived Stanton
NC69bmeGrTg-00057-00013869-00014088 and Anthony resorted to such bold action
NC69bmeGrTg-00058-00014088-00014250 largely due to their belief that the
NC69bmeGrTg-00059-00014251-00014433 preponderance of men composing the aera
NC69bmeGrTg-00060-00014434-00014622 leadership had betrayed women's interest
NC69bmeGrTg-00061-00014622-00014874 in addition to a feeling of betrayal
NC69bmeGrTg-00062-00014875-00015096 deep differences between the factions of
NC69bmeGrTg-00063-00015097-00015263 the movement centered on numerous issues
NC69bmeGrTg-00064-00015265-00015491 including how era funds were to be used
NC69bmeGrTg-00065-00015493-00015675 and most importantly whether the
NC69bmeGrTg-00066-00015676-00015837 Reconstruction Amendments should be
NC69bmeGrTg-00067-00015838-00015984 supported despite their failure to
NC69bmeGrTg-00068-00015985-00016166 include women meeting at the women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00069-00016168-00016428 Bureau in New York City Stanton Anthony
NC69bmeGrTg-00070-00016429-00016644 and delegates from 19 States of the era
NC69bmeGrTg-00071-00016645-00016844 convention appointed Elizabeth Cady
NC69bmeGrTg-00072-00016845-00017105 Stanton as the Nationals president other
NC69bmeGrTg-00073-00017106-00017337 prominent activists forming the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00074-00017338-00017547 were Lucretia Mott Martha coffin right
NC69bmeGrTg-00075-00017548-00017778 Ernestine rose part of the executive
NC69bmeGrTg-00076-00017779-00018012 committee Pauline right Davis Advisory
NC69bmeGrTg-00077-00018013-00018243 Council of Rhode Island Reverend Olympia
NC69bmeGrTg-00078-00018244-00018543 Brown Matilda Joslyn gage nae Dickinson
NC69bmeGrTg-00079-00018544-00018783 vice-president of Pennsylvania Elizabeth
NC69bmeGrTg-00080-00018784-00018978 Smith Miller and Mary Cheney Greeley
NC69bmeGrTg-00081-00018979-00019194 among others the women immediately
NC69bmeGrTg-00082-00019195-00019416 turned their efforts toward passage of a
NC69bmeGrTg-00083-00019417-00019599 constitutional amendment giving women
NC69bmeGrTg-00084-00019600-00019878 the right to vote in response
NC69bmeGrTg-00085-00019879-00020133 Lucy stone Henry Blackwell Julia Ward
NC69bmeGrTg-00086-00020134-00020180 Howe
NC69bmeGrTg-00087-00020181-00020325 and wendell phillips among others
NC69bmeGrTg-00088-00020326-00020495 established the American Woman Suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00089-00020496-00020747 Association in September of that year in
NC69bmeGrTg-00090-00020748-00021020 Boston the death knell had rung upon the
NC69bmeGrTg-00091-00021021-00021686 American Equal Rights Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00092-00021687-00022317 topic structure and ideology
NC69bmeGrTg-00093-00022318-00022637 you
NC69bmeGrTg-00094-00022638-00023128 topic structure
NC69bmeGrTg-00095-00023129-00023400 unlike the American Association who held
NC69bmeGrTg-00096-00023401-00023569 their conventions in various cities
NC69bmeGrTg-00097-00023570-00023736 across the country the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00098-00023737-00023958 Association held its annual conventions
NC69bmeGrTg-00099-00023959-00024150 in Washington DC with its efforts
NC69bmeGrTg-00100-00024151-00024336 concentrated on the federal government
NC69bmeGrTg-00101-00024337-00024616 although focused on national reform the
NC69bmeGrTg-00102-00024617-00024822 National established its headquarters in
NC69bmeGrTg-00103-00024823-00025003 New York City seeking to mobilize
NC69bmeGrTg-00104-00025004-00025252 support among wage-earning women the
NC69bmeGrTg-00105-00025253-00025483 National Association was centralized in
NC69bmeGrTg-00106-00025484-00025705 Unitarian structure as opposed to the
NC69bmeGrTg-00107-00025706-00025884 more stringent delegate system of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00108-00025885-00026178 American Association feeling slighted by
NC69bmeGrTg-00109-00026179-00026389 the apostasy of men under the American
NC69bmeGrTg-00110-00026389-00026554 Equal Rights Association the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00111-00026555-00026782 Association granted full membership
NC69bmeGrTg-00112-00026783-00027031 rights for women only men could
NC69bmeGrTg-00113-00027032-00027237 affiliate with the organization however
NC69bmeGrTg-00114-00027238-00027426 women solely controlled its leadership
NC69bmeGrTg-00115-00027427-00027700 by the same token Stanton and Anthony
NC69bmeGrTg-00116-00027701-00027915 were willing to work with anyone despite
NC69bmeGrTg-00117-00027916-00028095 their view on other matters as long as
NC69bmeGrTg-00118-00028097-00028267 they wholeheartedly championed women
NC69bmeGrTg-00119-00028268-00028533 rights and suffrage as a result the
NC69bmeGrTg-00120-00028535-00028752 National Association was often perceived
NC69bmeGrTg-00121-00028753-00028981 as radical unorthodox and aggressive
NC69bmeGrTg-00122-00028982-00029251 such drastic measures included using
NC69bmeGrTg-00123-00029252-00029455 racist appeals to win allies among
NC69bmeGrTg-00124-00029456-00029761 Democrats the National however often
NC69bmeGrTg-00125-00029762-00029940 condemned both those Republicans and
NC69bmeGrTg-00126-00029941-00030106 Democrats who ignored the suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00127-00030107-00030633 question
NC69bmeGrTg-00128-00030633-00031183 topic the new constitution
NC69bmeGrTg-00129-00031183-00031525 in 1883 Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the
NC69bmeGrTg-00130-00031526-00031737 officers of the National adopted a new
NC69bmeGrTg-00131-00031738-00031920 constitution of the national Woman
NC69bmeGrTg-00132-00031922-00032164 Suffrage Association it consisted of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00133-00032164-00032437 five following articles the first
NC69bmeGrTg-00134-00032438-00032583 article stated the name of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00135-00032585-00032749 organization of the national Woman
NC69bmeGrTg-00136-00032750-00033070 Suffrage Association the second article
NC69bmeGrTg-00137-00033071-00033220 emphasized the object of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00138-00033221-00033409 organization to secure the right to vote
NC69bmeGrTg-00139-00033410-00033595 for women of the nation on equal terms
NC69bmeGrTg-00140-00033596-00033910 with men the third article issued a one
NC69bmeGrTg-00141-00033911-00034147 dollar annual membership fee it also
NC69bmeGrTg-00142-00034148-00034315 stated that membership fees were
NC69bmeGrTg-00143-00034316-00034528 mandatory if a person wanted to actively
NC69bmeGrTg-00144-00034529-00034744 participate and vote within the national
NC69bmeGrTg-00145-00034745-00035040 Woman Suffrage Association the fourth
NC69bmeGrTg-00146-00035041-00035212 article named the officers of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00147-00035213-00035410 National to consist of the president a
NC69bmeGrTg-00148-00035411-00035569 vice president from each of the states
NC69bmeGrTg-00149-00035570-00035794 and territories corresponding and
NC69bmeGrTg-00150-00035795-00036004 recording secretaries treasurer an
NC69bmeGrTg-00151-00036005-00036202 executive committee of five or more
NC69bmeGrTg-00152-00036203-00036409 members located in New York City and an
NC69bmeGrTg-00153-00036410-00036601 advisory council from each state and
NC69bmeGrTg-00154-00036602-00036883 territory the officers were also said to
NC69bmeGrTg-00155-00036884-00037062 be chosen at each annual meeting of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00156-00037063-00037360 National Association the fifth article
NC69bmeGrTg-00157-00037361-00037564 addressed that all other woman suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00158-00037565-00037759 societies were welcomed as auxiliaries
NC69bmeGrTg-00159-00037760-00037963 and their officers would be recognized
NC69bmeGrTg-00160-00037964-00038127 as members of the National Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00161-00038128-00038383 as stated in the fifth article state
NC69bmeGrTg-00162-00038384-00038563 district and town woman's suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00163-00038564-00038749 associations were welcome to become
NC69bmeGrTg-00164-00038750-00039064 auxiliaries according to the plan for
NC69bmeGrTg-00165-00039065-00039343 organization to organize as a group a
NC69bmeGrTg-00166-00039344-00039535 convention of the region must be called
NC69bmeGrTg-00167-00039536-00039721 by the vice-president of the state and
NC69bmeGrTg-00168-00039722-00039921 the Advisory Council of each state where
NC69bmeGrTg-00169-00039922-00040069 the officers would be chosen in
NC69bmeGrTg-00170-00040070-00040746 coordination with the Nationals rules
NC69bmeGrTg-00171-00040747-00041262 topic ideology
NC69bmeGrTg-00172-00041263-00041468 in founding the National Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00173-00041469-00041712 Stanton and Anthony regarded woman's
NC69bmeGrTg-00174-00041713-00041910 rights as a broad cause in which the
NC69bmeGrTg-00175-00041911-00042186 franchise was of primary importance the
NC69bmeGrTg-00176-00042187-00042423 organization however advocated a broad
NC69bmeGrTg-00177-00042424-00042627 platform in supporting the individual
NC69bmeGrTg-00178-00042628-00042903 liberties of women as Eleanor Flexner
NC69bmeGrTg-00179-00042904-00043161 explains if the National was willing to
NC69bmeGrTg-00180-00043162-00043392 take up the cudgels for distressed women
NC69bmeGrTg-00181-00043393-00043611 whatever their circumstances be they
NC69bmeGrTg-00182-00043612-00043704 fall in women
NC69bmeGrTg-00183-00043705-00044015 divorce cases or underpaid seamstresses
NC69bmeGrTg-00184-00044016-00044322 the broad focus espoused by the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00185-00044323-00044499 Association allowed it to address a
NC69bmeGrTg-00186-00044500-00044730 diverse array of social economic and
NC69bmeGrTg-00187-00044731-00045045 political issues in advocating for a
NC69bmeGrTg-00188-00045046-00045225 federal amendment to assure women the
NC69bmeGrTg-00189-00045226-00045405 ballot the National relied on a natural
NC69bmeGrTg-00190-00045406-00045699 rights argument the National adopted the
NC69bmeGrTg-00191-00045700-00045897 constitutional argument put forth by
NC69bmeGrTg-00192-00045898-00046086 Frances and Virginia minor at the
NC69bmeGrTg-00193-00046087-00046281 Missouri woman suffrage convention in
NC69bmeGrTg-00194-00046282-00046647 st. Louis in October 1869 using a
NC69bmeGrTg-00195-00046648-00046863 constitutional interpretation that used
NC69bmeGrTg-00196-00046864-00047058 language and directly derived from the
NC69bmeGrTg-00197-00047059-00047271 14th amendment the miners argued that
NC69bmeGrTg-00198-00047272-00047448 women had the right to suffrage because
NC69bmeGrTg-00199-00047449-00047682 they were citizens other general
NC69bmeGrTg-00200-00047683-00047862 arguments Stanton and the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00201-00047863-00048075 exercised included points that women
NC69bmeGrTg-00202-00048076-00048201 were taxed without representation
NC69bmeGrTg-00203-00048202-00048432 governed without their consent and tried
NC69bmeGrTg-00204-00048433-00048570 and punished without a jury of their
NC69bmeGrTg-00205-00048571-00048741 peers the National brought the
NC69bmeGrTg-00206-00048742-00048912 constitutionality of denying the
NC69bmeGrTg-00207-00048913-00049119 franchise to the national limelight by
NC69bmeGrTg-00208-00049120-00049293 printing minors resolutions in its
NC69bmeGrTg-00209-00049294-00049587 periodical the revolution at the time of
NC69bmeGrTg-00210-00049588-00049794 the national associations Washington
NC69bmeGrTg-00211-00049795-00050094 Convention of 1870 10,000 copies of
NC69bmeGrTg-00212-00050095-00050286 minors resolutions were circulating
NC69bmeGrTg-00213-00050287-00050469 around the audience with copies placed
NC69bmeGrTg-00214-00050470-00050664 on every members desk in Congress in
NC69bmeGrTg-00215-00050665-00050985 adopting such ideology officers of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00216-00050986-00051227 National Association soon began to later
NC69bmeGrTg-00217-00051228-00051452 their speeches resolutions and hearing
NC69bmeGrTg-00218-00051453-00051732 before Congress they also made diverse
NC69bmeGrTg-00219-00051733-00051905 attempts to vote in various states
NC69bmeGrTg-00220-00051907-00052484 across the country
NC69bmeGrTg-00221-00052485-00052979 topic the revolution
NC69bmeGrTg-00222-00052980-00053238 during its short life the revolution the
NC69bmeGrTg-00223-00053239-00053400 weekly newsletter of the National
NC69bmeGrTg-00224-00053401-00053646 Association frequently urged reforms to
NC69bmeGrTg-00225-00053647-00053886 benefit working women supported by
NC69bmeGrTg-00226-00053887-00054101 financiers orge trained editor David
NC69bmeGrTg-00227-00054102-00054303 MELAS and managed by Anthony the
NC69bmeGrTg-00228-00054304-00054546 Revolution paraded the motto men their
NC69bmeGrTg-00229-00054547-00054750 rights and nothing more women their
NC69bmeGrTg-00230-00054751-00055119 rights and nothing less the weekly 16
NC69bmeGrTg-00231-00055120-00055320 page paper reported news not found
NC69bmeGrTg-00232-00055321-00055524 elsewhere such as the organization of
NC69bmeGrTg-00233-00055525-00055722 women typesetters of the first Women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00234-00055723-00056013 Clubs and of women abroad the revolution
NC69bmeGrTg-00235-00056014-00056192 for a short time gave the national a
NC69bmeGrTg-00236-00056194-00056514 forum focus and direction the newsletter
NC69bmeGrTg-00237-00056515-00056729 moreover reflected the broad agenda of
NC69bmeGrTg-00238-00056730-00056997 the organization as Eleanor Flexner
NC69bmeGrTg-00239-00056998-00057207 elaborates for instance the Revolution
NC69bmeGrTg-00240-00057208-00057471 exhorted women to equip themselves to
NC69bmeGrTg-00241-00057472-00057666 earn their own livelihood to practice
NC69bmeGrTg-00242-00057666-00057885 bodily hygiene in the matter of fresh
NC69bmeGrTg-00243-00057886-00058404 air dress and exercise On January 8 1870
NC69bmeGrTg-00244-00058404-00058572 the anniversary of the founding of the
NC69bmeGrTg-00245-00058573-00058746 revolution the American Association
NC69bmeGrTg-00246-00058747-00058979 launched its periodical The Woman's
NC69bmeGrTg-00247-00058980-00059262 journal faced with rising debts and the
NC69bmeGrTg-00248-00059263-00059478 rising popularity of the woman's journal
NC69bmeGrTg-00249-00059479-00060228 the revolution succumbed in May 1870
NC69bmeGrTg-00250-00060229-00060774 topic accomplishments
NC69bmeGrTg-00251-00060775-00061082 in the summer of 1876 the nation
NC69bmeGrTg-00252-00061083-00061284 celebrated its centennial with a highly
NC69bmeGrTg-00253-00061285-00061515 anticipated exposition in Philadelphia
NC69bmeGrTg-00254-00061516-00061821 the first of its kind in America opening
NC69bmeGrTg-00255-00061822-00062004 headquarters in Philadelphia the
NC69bmeGrTg-00256-00062004-00062211 National Association sought to use the
NC69bmeGrTg-00257-00062212-00062373 occasion to draw attention to the
NC69bmeGrTg-00258-00062374-00062574 inequitable position of women as well as
NC69bmeGrTg-00259-00062575-00062766 to organize women from all over the
NC69bmeGrTg-00260-00062766-00062940 country to exchange their knowledge and
NC69bmeGrTg-00261-00062941-00063273 experiences when Thomas W Ferry the
NC69bmeGrTg-00262-00063274-00063461 presiding officer of the July 4th
NC69bmeGrTg-00263-00063462-00063629 Exposition finished reading the
NC69bmeGrTg-00264-00063630-00063834 Declaration of Independence the ladies
NC69bmeGrTg-00265-00063835-00063999 walked down the aisle and approached the
NC69bmeGrTg-00266-00064000-00064211 stage where Anthony made a brief speech
NC69bmeGrTg-00267-00064212-00064461 members of the National then presented
NC69bmeGrTg-00268-00064462-00064635 the presiding officer with a women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00269-00064636-00064884 Declaration of Rights the women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00270-00064885-00065103 Declaration of Rights listed the natural
NC69bmeGrTg-00271-00065104-00065274 rights protected by the government as
NC69bmeGrTg-00272-00065275-00065456 part of the social contract and went
NC69bmeGrTg-00273-00065457-00065606 forth to state that the government was
NC69bmeGrTg-00274-00065607-00065894 infringing upon those rights in response
NC69bmeGrTg-00275-00065895-00066101 the authors listed nine rights for women
NC69bmeGrTg-00276-00066102-00066392 labeled articles of impeachment these
NC69bmeGrTg-00277-00066393-00066561 articles referenced the ways in which
NC69bmeGrTg-00278-00066562-00066755 women were oppressed and wronged and
NC69bmeGrTg-00279-00066756-00066921 asked the government to give women the
NC69bmeGrTg-00280-00066922-00067128 civil and political rights guaranteed to
NC69bmeGrTg-00281-00067129-00067299 them one year later at the Nationals
NC69bmeGrTg-00282-00067300-00067574 convention of January 1877 the
NC69bmeGrTg-00283-00067575-00067785 organization continued to carry out bold
NC69bmeGrTg-00284-00067786-00068051 reform measures keeping the pressure on
NC69bmeGrTg-00285-00068052-00068276 Congress the National drafted a federal
NC69bmeGrTg-00286-00068277-00068448 amendment calling for woman suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00287-00068449-00068669 penned by Elizabeth Cady Stanton that
NC69bmeGrTg-00288-00068670-00068849 was reintroduced to the legislature
NC69bmeGrTg-00289-00068850-00069054 annually until its eventual adoption in
NC69bmeGrTg-00290-00069055-00069354 1919 in the same year furthermore
NC69bmeGrTg-00291-00069355-00069542 Anthony led a group of women onto the
NC69bmeGrTg-00292-00069543-00069713 floor of the United States Senate
NC69bmeGrTg-00293-00069714-00069926 barring suffrage petitions with 10,000
NC69bmeGrTg-00294-00069927-00070197 signatures such efforts signify the
NC69bmeGrTg-00295-00070198-00070392 extensive efforts of the national Woman
NC69bmeGrTg-00296-00070393-00070580 Suffrage Association to keep the
NC69bmeGrTg-00297-00070581-00070740 pressure on the federal government to
NC69bmeGrTg-00298-00070741-00070913 promote the causes concerning women's
NC69bmeGrTg-00299-00070914-00071091 rights while bringing the injustice they
NC69bmeGrTg-00300-00071092-00071354 encountered to national prominence in
NC69bmeGrTg-00301-00071355-00071634 1890 the National Association and the
NC69bmeGrTg-00302-00071635-00071849 American Association merged to form the
NC69bmeGrTg-00303-00071850-00071993 National American Woman Suffrage
NC69bmeGrTg-00304-00071994-00072236 Association nawsa
NC69bmeGrTg-00305-00072237-00072512 the merger negotiations between the two
NC69bmeGrTg-00306-00072513-00072842 organizations began in 1887 dragged for
NC69bmeGrTg-00307-00072843-00073053 three years and were finally consummated
NC69bmeGrTg-00308-00073054-00073307 at a joint convention in February 1890
NC69bmeGrTg-00309-00073308-00073592 where the nawsa nominated Elizabeth Cady
NC69bmeGrTg-00310-00073593-00073910 Stanton as its first president
NC69bmeGrTg-00311-00073911-00074258 you
NC69bmeGrTg-00312-00074259-00074763 topic see also
NC69bmeGrTg-00313-00074764-00075057 list of suffragists and suffragettes
NC69bmeGrTg-00314-00075058-00075357 list of women's rights activists
NC69bmeGrTg-00315-00075358-00075712 timeline of women's suffrage timeline of
NC69bmeGrTg-00316-00075713-00075922 women's suffrage in the United States
NC69bmeGrTg-00317-00075923-00076280 women's suffrage organizations
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00000-00000000-00000149 you're gonna feel my fingers on the back
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00001-00000150-00000707 of your hamstrings like this more
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00002-00000708-00001582 let's see
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00003-00001583-00001967 oh God
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00004-00001968-00002183 how do you feel give me some words
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00005-00002184-00002602 um oh I feel different
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00006-00002603-00002813 what is going on crack addicts welcome
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00007-00002814-00003100 back to the channel now in today's video
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00008-00003101-00003383 I'm going to be posting a wide variety
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00009-00003384-00003647 of Chiropractic adjustments from some of
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00010-00003647-00003863 your favorite chiropractors with some
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00011-00003864-00004133 new additions also all of their links
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00012-00004134-00004265 will be in the description that's where
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00013-00004266-00004517 you can check them out directly now
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00014-00004518-00004661 let's get into it and I'll see you on
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00015-00004662-00005002 the next one up next we have Dr Brent
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00016-00005003-00005183 binder
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00017-00005184-00005422 now on the left side it's right it
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00018-00005423-00005765 starts during mid-cent mid-stance to
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00019-00005766-00005999 um tow off of some instability on the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00020-00006000-00006167 left as the side of the surgery
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00021-00006168-00006334 that's the left side yeah I don't
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00022-00006335-00006581 moderate yeah we have a high right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00023-00006581-00007409 shoulder and a left head tilt
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00024-00007409-00007660 okay not bad actually the the feed the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00025-00007661-00007895 Arches are present they're mildly
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00026-00007895-00008027 decreased
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00027-00008028-00008345 and then there is bowing a little bit
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00028-00008346-00008513 more prominently on the right so you do
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00029-00008514-00008939 have some Carnation on the right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00030-00008940-00009028 thank you
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00031-00009029-00009251 okay this is a temperature evaluation at
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00032-00009252-00009395 the back of my fingers the back of the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00033-00009396-00009545 fingers are more
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00034-00009546-00009755 sensitive to temperature well we're
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00035-00009756-00009899 definitely hotter up into the shoulder
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00036-00009900-00010067 blades
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00037-00010068-00010264 all the Heat's here
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00038-00010265-00010456 majority of the heat here is upper left
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00039-00010457-00010595 I'm going to push a little bit deeper
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00040-00010596-00011687 into the muscles
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00041-00011688-00011945 okay good muscle tone
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00042-00011946-00012178 do these feel equal to you
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00043-00012179-00012328 or do you feel one more than the other
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00044-00012329-00012719 is one more sensitive
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00045-00012720-00013072 I think I can feel on the left
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00046-00013073-00013271 the SI joints here
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00047-00013272-00013469 okay right or left do you feel one more
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00048-00013469-00013549 than the other
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00049-00013550-00013925 [Music]
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00050-00013926-00014069 to this bring your left you're down to
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00051-00014069-00014243 your shoulder
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00052-00014244-00014471 got a little bit of muscle tension I
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00053-00014472-00014716 could feel as we come down here feel my
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00054-00014718-00014855 fingers on the back of your hamstrings
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00055-00014856-00014993 like this and we'll Chase up to the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00056-00014994-00015238 glute folds we're lower on the right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00057-00015240-00015479 side and then looking from the top
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00058-00015480-00015761 we are externally rotated on the right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00059-00015762-00016007 so your right glute fold is lower which
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00060-00016008-00016241 means your left right ilium is back like
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00061-00016241-00016433 this and then it sticks further out
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00062-00016434-00016558 which about to do some more tests to
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00063-00016559-00016672 turn around which one is the primary
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00064-00016673-00016883 nice and straight no rib pumping go
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00065-00016884-00017057 ahead and stand back up
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00066-00017058-00018911 got a little bit of side to side sway
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00067-00018912-00019607 okay one more Breath Right In
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00068-00019608-00019780 okay we'll bring your head over to the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00069-00019781-00020021 side like this good then just try to let
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00070-00020022-00020183 your head and shoulders relax as much as
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00071-00020184-00020405 you can do this this this we're going to
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00072-00020406-00020621 bring this over and push like that
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00073-00020622-00021058 deep breath in about
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00074-00021059-00021317 God
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00075-00021318-00021539 okay we have one more here thoracic
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00076-00021540-00021749 lumbar transition so for this one
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00077-00021750-00022091 okay yep just like that
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00078-00022092-00022408 okay I'll remove the blast now
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00079-00022409-00022625 go do that again in
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00080-00022626-00023357 the dial good shoulders good
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00081-00023358-00023735 okay nice and gentle breathing
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00082-00023736-00023861 we're gonna bring the hiss down remember
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00083-00023862-00024257 this SI joint already cracked oh
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00084-00024258-00024394 breathing
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00085-00024395-00024641 good we're gonna bring your hip down
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00086-00024642-00024935 like this and bring your shoulders up go
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00087-00024936-00025330 a little bit more more
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00088-00025331-00025558 bring it back okay turn your hand to the
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00089-00025559-00025733 right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00090-00025733-00025925 Center
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00091-00025926-00026212 turn it on to the left
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00092-00026213-00027670 Center
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00093-00027672-00028468 nice gentle breathing
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00094-00028469-00028655 nice and gentle just like the other
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00095-00028656-00028907 adjustments I'm following your breath
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00096-00028908-00029081 so as you breathe out we're going to
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00097-00029082-00030324 come in this way gentle
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00098-00030325-00030868 oh okay here right here at five six
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00099-00030869-00031057 nice engine to let your head drop in
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00100-00031058-00031720 good Let It Go good good breath there
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00101-00031722-00032155 foreign
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00102-00032156-00032452 yeah no I already feel like a little bit
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00103-00032453-00032555 better
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00104-00032556-00032801 like a lot better actually
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00105-00032802-00034837 that's nice
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00106-00034838-00035824 all right
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00107-00035825-00035974 yeah
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00108-00035975-00036568 go and squeeze hard as you can
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00109-00036569-00036821 so first we find the belly button
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00110-00036822-00037049 here
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00111-00037050-00037289 up or down I think I think you got it
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00112-00037290-00037427 sorry
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00113-00037428-00037618 yeah it's tough because there's so many
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00114-00037619-00037889 ridges yeah ridges on these pants play
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00115-00037890-00038140 button Asis right there then we connect
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00116-00038141-00038315 these two points and in the middle is
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00117-00038316-00038483 where we start looking for the iliac
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00118-00038484-00038999 signal valve
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00119-00039000-00039235 foreign
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00120-00039236-00039515 sphincter this is the where the stomach
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00121-00039516-00039809 empties into the duodenum okay now I'm
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00122-00039810-00039929 going to do a diaphragm manipulation
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00123-00039930-00040187 this is the the breathing muscle so
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00124-00040188-00040312 let's try to do some belly breathing
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00125-00040313-00040559 here breathe into your belly good and
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00126-00040560-00040702 out
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00127-00040703-00040865 follow the breath out
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00128-00040866-00041123 and gentle breathing
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00129-00041124-00041243 good you're going to want to like let
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00130-00041244-00041452 your jaw relax as much as possible here
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00131-00041453-00041723 just kind of like letting it loose loose
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00132-00041724-00041945 loose and let it go see if you can let
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00133-00041946-00042262 that go a little bit more
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00134-00042263-00042496 and that's good
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00135-00042497-00042696 gosh
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00136-00042697-00043024 sorry I think so all right good you just
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00137-00043025-00043201 keep your teeth together
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00138-00043202-00043361 and
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00139-00043362-00044380 um breathe
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00140-00044381-00044765 oh my gosh
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00141-00044766-00045023 oh that's so weird just relax your head
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00142-00045024-00045215 Monica
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00143-00045216-00045533 slow rest for a couple seconds
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00144-00045534-00045683 the first time you've ever had that
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00145-00045684-00045868 range of motion in your spine
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00146-00045869-00046096 we just broke up a lot of scar tissue
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00147-00046097-00047885 adhesions I've never been before
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00148-00047886-00048089 how do you feel give me some words
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00149-00048090-00048496 um oh I feel different
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00150-00048497-00048767 yeah it's like
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00151-00048768-00049096 oh it's still like really tender though
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00152-00049097-00049337 but it's like I can tell it's gonna feel
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00153-00049338-00049679 really nice
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00154-00049680-00049852 it's tender for a minute it dissipates
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00155-00049853-00050015 quickly
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00156-00050016-00050308 I feel like even my hearing is different
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00157-00050309-00050452 my teeth are like chattering a little
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00158-00050453-00050807 bit
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00159-00050808-00050986 yeah
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00160-00050987-00053604 oh yeah that's
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00161-00053605-00054161 push push again
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00162-00054162-00054400 right side push push push push push
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00163-00054401-00054715 almost
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00164-00054716-00057400 like this
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00166-00060912-00061061 uh
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00167-00061062-00061282 kind of all year round but worse
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00168-00061283-00062863 sometimes depending on the season
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00169-00062864-00063100 if you made it to the end of the video
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00170-00063101-00063376 guys and girls thanks for watching and
NEcqQ6Wyk1k-00171-00063377-00063739 don't forget to subscribe for more
NFfF2pYN870-00000-00000376-00000739 [Applause]
NFfF2pYN870-00001-00000740-00000991 [Music]
NFfF2pYN870-00002-00000992-00001568 so
NFfF2pYN870-00003-00001569-00002572 [Music]
NFfF2pYN870-00004-00002573-00003463 [Music]
NFfF2pYN870-00005-00003464-00003679 hello learners
NFfF2pYN870-00006-00003679-00003927 welcome to this program i am dr pankaj
NFfF2pYN870-00007-00003928-00004191 smith secretary general association of
NFfF2pYN870-00008-00004192-00004367 indian universities
NFfF2pYN870-00009-00004368-00004591 and my parent office has been university
NFfF2pYN870-00010-00004592-00004735 grants commission where i have worked
NFfF2pYN870-00011-00004736-00004886 for 30 years
NFfF2pYN870-00012-00004887-00005111 and in between i was vice chancellor of
NFfF2pYN870-00013-00005112-00005422 a rural women university in haryana
NFfF2pYN870-00014-00005423-00005654 so today we'll be talking about the most
NFfF2pYN870-00015-00005655-00005918 innovative concept of national education
NFfF2pYN870-00016-00005919-00006022 policy
NFfF2pYN870-00017-00006023-00006254 which is a b c
NFfF2pYN870-00018-00006255-00006639 abc means academic bank of credit
NFfF2pYN870-00019-00006640-00006791 now why i am saying it is the most
NFfF2pYN870-00020-00006792-00007031 innovative concept of national education
NFfF2pYN870-00021-00007031-00007142 policies
NFfF2pYN870-00022-00007143-00007334 because whenever i have discussed about
NFfF2pYN870-00023-00007336-00007591 abc at any national or international
NFfF2pYN870-00024-00007592-00007710 forum
NFfF2pYN870-00025-00007711-00007959 everybody is too much interested in abc
NFfF2pYN870-00026-00007959-00008103 and they said this is something very
NFfF2pYN870-00027-00008104-00008351 very innovative which will revolutionize
NFfF2pYN870-00028-00008352-00008519 the higher education system of india it
NFfF2pYN870-00029-00008520-00008687 will totally change the landscape of
NFfF2pYN870-00030-00008688-00008927 indian higher education system so let us
NFfF2pYN870-00031-00008928-00009206 understand in very very simple terms
NFfF2pYN870-00032-00009207-00009559 that what is abc so abc full form is
NFfF2pYN870-00033-00009560-00009814 academic bank of credit now what is the
NFfF2pYN870-00034-00009815-00010110 academic bank of credit it is like in a
NFfF2pYN870-00035-00010111-00010406 commercial bank you deposit money
NFfF2pYN870-00036-00010407-00010687 in abc academic bank of credit you
NFfF2pYN870-00037-00010688-00010967 deposit credits so how do you deposit
NFfF2pYN870-00038-00010968-00011183 credits like in a commercial bank you
NFfF2pYN870-00039-00011184-00011463 open an account and deposit money here
NFfF2pYN870-00040-00011464-00011671 the students open an account and deposit
NFfF2pYN870-00041-00011672-00011927 their credits so for depositing the
NFfF2pYN870-00042-00011928-00012214 credits they have to do courses from
NFfF2pYN870-00043-00012215-00012455 different universities so how will it
NFfF2pYN870-00044-00012456-00012751 operate that suppose i am a student
NFfF2pYN870-00045-00012752-00013063 i will do say three courses from ignore
NFfF2pYN870-00046-00013063-00013238 two courses from delhi university three
NFfF2pYN870-00047-00013240-00013471 courses from hyderabad university four
NFfF2pYN870-00048-00013472-00013703 courses from say kashmiri university so
NFfF2pYN870-00049-00013704-00013919 i keep on doing courses from different
NFfF2pYN870-00050-00013919-00014238 universities and then i will
NFfF2pYN870-00051-00014240-00014407 as soon as i complete a course the
NFfF2pYN870-00052-00014408-00014638 university or i will go to the academic
NFfF2pYN870-00053-00014640-00014927 bank of credit and say that i have done
NFfF2pYN870-00054-00014928-00015191 this course from this university
NFfF2pYN870-00055-00015191-00015415 these this is my
NFfF2pYN870-00056-00015416-00015575 credit i mean these are the credits i
NFfF2pYN870-00057-00015576-00015791 have earned from that particular course
NFfF2pYN870-00058-00015791-00015975 and this is the grade i have received in
NFfF2pYN870-00059-00015976-00016238 that course so that will enter into sort
NFfF2pYN870-00060-00016240-00016430 of a pass book which will be maintained
NFfF2pYN870-00061-00016431-00016663 i am saying pass book to make it very
NFfF2pYN870-00062-00016664-00016927 easy to understand like the past book we
NFfF2pYN870-00063-00016928-00017086 have in a commercial bank where we have
NFfF2pYN870-00064-00017087-00017255 the entries of whatever we have earned
NFfF2pYN870-00065-00017256-00017430 and whatever we are taken out there will
NFfF2pYN870-00066-00017431-00017663 be a pass book where we will be entering
NFfF2pYN870-00067-00017664-00017983 that what all credits we have earned so
NFfF2pYN870-00068-00017984-00018183 how will it help me it will help me
NFfF2pYN870-00069-00018184-00018430 because suppose i like some two three
NFfF2pYN870-00070-00018431-00018671 courses in a particular university some
NFfF2pYN870-00071-00018672-00018919 other courses in the next university and
NFfF2pYN870-00072-00018920-00019111 i also want to learn for example today
NFfF2pYN870-00073-00019112-00019350 if i am doing a bsc physics honors so
NFfF2pYN870-00074-00019351-00019558 all the courses i have to do is the
NFfF2pYN870-00075-00019559-00019822 physics and related courses physics and
NFfF2pYN870-00076-00019823-00020086 ancillary courses but suppose along with
NFfF2pYN870-00077-00020087-00020294 the physics i want to learn music
NFfF2pYN870-00078-00020295-00020575 i want to learn history i want to learn
NFfF2pYN870-00079-00020576-00020791 political science or sociology or
NFfF2pYN870-00080-00020792-00020935 psychology or
NFfF2pYN870-00081-00020936-00021078 arts anything
NFfF2pYN870-00082-00021079-00021343 i am not able to do it in the structured
NFfF2pYN870-00083-00021344-00021591 framework which is existing today but
NFfF2pYN870-00084-00021592-00021775 when this abc
NFfF2pYN870-00085-00021776-00021927 comes into being it is already
NFfF2pYN870-00086-00021928-00022183 established so when this abc is there in
NFfF2pYN870-00087-00022184-00022478 this new concept i can learn anything
NFfF2pYN870-00088-00022479-00022639 from anywhere so
NFfF2pYN870-00089-00022640-00022807 sky is the limit
NFfF2pYN870-00090-00022808-00023111 any time i can do any courses from any
NFfF2pYN870-00091-00023112-00023343 university so i enroll in different
NFfF2pYN870-00092-00023344-00023583 universities do the courses of my choice
NFfF2pYN870-00093-00023584-00023799 and keep on accumulating the credits in
NFfF2pYN870-00094-00023800-00024047 the academy bank of credit now what will
NFfF2pYN870-00095-00024048-00024271 happen to these credits
NFfF2pYN870-00096-00024272-00024447 that when we have a large number of
NFfF2pYN870-00097-00024448-00024711 credits in i mean suppose i have a large
NFfF2pYN870-00098-00024712-00024999 number of credits in my account
NFfF2pYN870-00099-00025000-00025222 and i want to redeem those credits into
NFfF2pYN870-00100-00025223-00025542 a degree then i will go to a university
NFfF2pYN870-00101-00025543-00025806 from where i have done say 50 percent of
NFfF2pYN870-00102-00025807-00026031 the courses for let us take an example
NFfF2pYN870-00103-00026032-00026231 to make it easy suppose i have
NFfF2pYN870-00104-00026232-00026607 accumulated 200 credits in my account by
NFfF2pYN870-00105-00026608-00026767 doing courses from different
NFfF2pYN870-00106-00026768-00026895 universities
NFfF2pYN870-00107-00026895-00027158 now i want a graduation degree where
NFfF2pYN870-00108-00027160-00027414 generally around 120 credits are
NFfF2pYN870-00109-00027416-00027607 required as mandatory
NFfF2pYN870-00110-00027608-00027774 mandatory credits
NFfF2pYN870-00111-00027775-00028167 and out of those 120 credits 50 percent
NFfF2pYN870-00112-00028168-00028311 if they are done from a single
NFfF2pYN870-00113-00028312-00028479 university for example say take us the
NFfF2pYN870-00114-00028480-00028751 example of daily university suppose 50
NFfF2pYN870-00115-00028752-00028895 percent of the courses are done from
NFfF2pYN870-00116-00028895-00029190 daily university and all the courses
NFfF2pYN870-00117-00029191-00029414 which are required for the core subject
NFfF2pYN870-00118-00029416-00029590 area for example if i am doing bsa
NFfF2pYN870-00119-00029591-00029839 physics owners then all the courses
NFfF2pYN870-00120-00029839-00030062 which are required for
NFfF2pYN870-00121-00030063-00030351 making me eligible to do physics honors
NFfF2pYN870-00122-00030352-00030567 if that i have done maybe not from delhi
NFfF2pYN870-00123-00030568-00030727 university alone but from multiple
NFfF2pYN870-00124-00030727-00030951 universities but at least 50 percent are
NFfF2pYN870-00125-00030952-00031214 from daily university then i will gather
NFfF2pYN870-00126-00031216-00031407 these 120 credits i will sort of
NFfF2pYN870-00127-00031408-00031670 identify these 120 credits from my pass
NFfF2pYN870-00128-00031672-00031951 book and go to delhi university and say
NFfF2pYN870-00129-00031952-00032318 that i have been 120 credits and in this
NFfF2pYN870-00130-00032319-00032511 all the core credits of physics are
NFfF2pYN870-00131-00032512-00032846 complete and 50 are from your university
NFfF2pYN870-00132-00032847-00033007 so now give me a
NFfF2pYN870-00133-00033008-00033343 degree of bst physics honors in lieu of
NFfF2pYN870-00134-00033344-00033646 these 120 credits then delhi university
NFfF2pYN870-00135-00033647-00033927 because it is a member of the abc it
NFfF2pYN870-00136-00033928-00034183 will be obliged to give me a degree of
NFfF2pYN870-00137-00034184-00034407 bsa physics honors
NFfF2pYN870-00138-00034408-00034631 in lieu of those credits and then what
NFfF2pYN870-00139-00034632-00034855 will happen to my bank account
NFfF2pYN870-00140-00034856-00035046 credit bank account
NFfF2pYN870-00141-00035047-00035318 because i had 200 credits 120 i have
NFfF2pYN870-00142-00035319-00035583 redeemed into a degree so the remaining
NFfF2pYN870-00143-00035584-00035879 will be 80 in my account for example
NFfF2pYN870-00144-00035880-00036031 when you take out the money from your
NFfF2pYN870-00145-00036032-00036246 account that money is debited and the
NFfF2pYN870-00146-00036247-00036430 balance in your account is less
NFfF2pYN870-00147-00036431-00036646 similarly when you take out credits and
NFfF2pYN870-00148-00036647-00036839 redeem it for a degree then the
NFfF2pYN870-00149-00036840-00037039 remaining credits will show reflect in
NFfF2pYN870-00150-00037040-00037174 your passbook
NFfF2pYN870-00151-00037175-00037359 now there are many questions associated
NFfF2pYN870-00152-00037360-00037502 with it
NFfF2pYN870-00153-00037503-00037599 one
NFfF2pYN870-00154-00037600-00037887 right now the admission to a university
NFfF2pYN870-00155-00037888-00038135 is given in a full program when i say
NFfF2pYN870-00156-00038136-00038383 program i mean be a program bse program
NFfF2pYN870-00157-00038384-00038679 b com msc full program
NFfF2pYN870-00158-00038680-00038767 but
NFfF2pYN870-00159-00038768-00038959 i am saying that i am doing courses from
NFfF2pYN870-00160-00038960-00039151 different universities so what is the
NFfF2pYN870-00161-00039152-00039295 difference between a program and a
NFfF2pYN870-00162-00039296-00039607 course for example in ba we have say 16
NFfF2pYN870-00163-00039608-00039974 papers so these are 16 courses so that
NFfF2pYN870-00164-00039975-00040190 means today the universities are giving
NFfF2pYN870-00165-00040191-00040390 admission in the full ba program means
NFfF2pYN870-00166-00040391-00040567 all the 16 papers you have to do from
NFfF2pYN870-00167-00040568-00040743 that particular university
NFfF2pYN870-00168-00040744-00041007 but in future the university will start
NFfF2pYN870-00169-00041008-00041174 giving admission in
NFfF2pYN870-00170-00041175-00041415 individual courses means to make it
NFfF2pYN870-00171-00041416-00041702 simple individual papers so those 16
NFfF2pYN870-00172-00041703-00041990 papers of ba will be 16 courses and the
NFfF2pYN870-00173-00041991-00042174 university will be giving admission in
NFfF2pYN870-00174-00042175-00042415 individual courses also in baby the
NFfF2pYN870-00175-00042416-00042662 program will continue that the students
NFfF2pYN870-00176-00042663-00042823 who are doing the
NFfF2pYN870-00177-00042824-00042999 program root means full program they are
NFfF2pYN870-00178-00043000-00043127 taking admission in a particular
NFfF2pYN870-00179-00043128-00043318 university that will continue but there
NFfF2pYN870-00180-00043319-00043551 will be a separate abc route in which
NFfF2pYN870-00181-00043552-00043727 they will be admission in different
NFfF2pYN870-00182-00043728-00043958 courses so the university will give
NFfF2pYN870-00183-00043959-00044199 admission in courses different courses
NFfF2pYN870-00184-00044200-00044343 that will be over and above the
NFfF2pYN870-00185-00044344-00044511 admissions which are given to the full
NFfF2pYN870-00186-00044512-00044711 program and the student will be doing
NFfF2pYN870-00187-00044712-00044871 courses from different universities and
NFfF2pYN870-00188-00044872-00045055 then redeeming those
NFfF2pYN870-00189-00045056-00045215 credits into a degree so that is the
NFfF2pYN870-00190-00045216-00045415 concept of abc but again the
NFfF2pYN870-00191-00045416-00045630 universities have to work a lot for it
NFfF2pYN870-00192-00045631-00045839 because one they have to start giving
NFfF2pYN870-00193-00045840-00045999 admission in courses they have to amend
NFfF2pYN870-00194-00046000-00046167 their ordinances so that they can give
NFfF2pYN870-00195-00046168-00046471 admission in courses they have to ensure
NFfF2pYN870-00196-00046472-00046679 that sufficient seats are there in those
NFfF2pYN870-00197-00046680-00046855 courses so that the students can take
NFfF2pYN870-00198-00046856-00047118 admission and that that that course can
NFfF2pYN870-00199-00047119-00047190 be
NFfF2pYN870-00200-00047191-00047374 physical that course can be online that
NFfF2pYN870-00201-00047375-00047527 course can be blended so the
NFfF2pYN870-00202-00047528-00047751 universities can get the students can
NFfF2pYN870-00203-00047752-00047999 take admission in either of the forms
NFfF2pYN870-00204-00048000-00048239 depending upon what way the university
NFfF2pYN870-00205-00048240-00048455 is offering that particular program
NFfF2pYN870-00206-00048456-00048743 so slowly slowly the students will be
NFfF2pYN870-00207-00048744-00048927 able to learn i mean and then it is not
NFfF2pYN870-00208-00048928-00049135 even necessary that the student takes a
NFfF2pYN870-00209-00049136-00049374 degree out of every course because
NFfF2pYN870-00210-00049375-00049535 getting a degree out of course will
NFfF2pYN870-00211-00049536-00049735 depend upon the validity of a credit it
NFfF2pYN870-00212-00049736-00049935 is not possible that today i do a course
NFfF2pYN870-00213-00049936-00050046 from a
NFfF2pYN870-00214-00050047-00050286 say particular university and after 20
NFfF2pYN870-00215-00050287-00050462 years i say that i want to redeem it
NFfF2pYN870-00216-00050463-00050679 into a degree no there will be a
NFfF2pYN870-00217-00050680-00050951 validity like the expiry date that is we
NFfF2pYN870-00218-00050952-00051183 also call it sunset clause with every
NFfF2pYN870-00219-00051184-00051287 credit
NFfF2pYN870-00220-00051288-00051399 so that
NFfF2pYN870-00221-00051400-00051558 for example right now we are thinking of
NFfF2pYN870-00222-00051559-00051775 having it as seven years that within
NFfF2pYN870-00223-00051776-00052014 seven years if you are going to redeem
NFfF2pYN870-00224-00052015-00052199 it into a degree it is well and good
NFfF2pYN870-00225-00052200-00052407 otherwise the credit will still reflect
NFfF2pYN870-00226-00052408-00052638 in your past book it will still be there
NFfF2pYN870-00227-00052639-00052854 but you cannot redeem it into a degree
NFfF2pYN870-00228-00052855-00053023 and that seven years is not very very
NFfF2pYN870-00229-00053024-00053247 sacrosanct because it will depend upon
NFfF2pYN870-00230-00053248-00053399 the type of course because there are
NFfF2pYN870-00231-00053400-00053630 some courses for example in say
NFfF2pYN870-00232-00053632-00053830 artificial intelligence data sciences
NFfF2pYN870-00233-00053832-00053991 engineering technology which are very
NFfF2pYN870-00234-00053991-00054159 very contemporary where the technology
NFfF2pYN870-00235-00054160-00054438 changes very fast so the validity period
NFfF2pYN870-00236-00054439-00054638 of those courses will be small but in
NFfF2pYN870-00237-00054639-00054838 some courses like say history the
NFfF2pYN870-00238-00054839-00055063 validity period may be longer so within
NFfF2pYN870-00239-00055064-00055294 the validity period the
NFfF2pYN870-00240-00055295-00055526 courses or the credits can be redeemed
NFfF2pYN870-00241-00055527-00055766 into a degree but beyond the validity
NFfF2pYN870-00242-00055767-00055911 period of course you won't be able to
NFfF2pYN870-00243-00055912-00056126 redeem the course into a the credits
NFfF2pYN870-00244-00056127-00056247 into a degree
NFfF2pYN870-00245-00056248-00056487 but then you will be able to
NFfF2pYN870-00246-00056488-00056719 learn and keep on learning forever so
NFfF2pYN870-00247-00056720-00056926 abc is a concept in which you are having
NFfF2pYN870-00248-00056927-00056999 a
NFfF2pYN870-00249-00057000-00057182 concept of lifelong learning also
NFfF2pYN870-00250-00057183-00057423 because you can learn forever but now
NFfF2pYN870-00251-00057424-00057671 this also comes to a a
NFfF2pYN870-00252-00057672-00057999 different aspect that is of teachers
NFfF2pYN870-00253-00058000-00058207 so when you are talking of course wise
NFfF2pYN870-00254-00058208-00058311 learning
NFfF2pYN870-00255-00058312-00058391 so
NFfF2pYN870-00256-00058391-00058566 who will be more popular which course
NFfF2pYN870-00257-00058567-00058766 will be more popular obviously the
NFfF2pYN870-00258-00058767-00058926 courses which are taught by the best
NFfF2pYN870-00259-00058927-00059271 teachers so in future the students will
NFfF2pYN870-00260-00059272-00059519 see that which course is taught by which
NFfF2pYN870-00261-00059520-00059726 teacher and which teacher is the best
NFfF2pYN870-00262-00059727-00059911 teacher so those courses will be the
NFfF2pYN870-00263-00059912-00060150 sought after courses so that will also
NFfF2pYN870-00264-00060151-00060471 mean that in future the
NFfF2pYN870-00265-00060472-00060742 teachers assessment will also be through
NFfF2pYN870-00266-00060744-00060830 the
NFfF2pYN870-00267-00060832-00060991 number of say
NFfF2pYN870-00268-00060991-00061150 students who are taking the courses
NFfF2pYN870-00269-00061151-00061391 which are offered by those teachers so
NFfF2pYN870-00270-00061391-00061623 it is very important for the teachers to
NFfF2pYN870-00271-00061624-00061911 keep on updating themselves to keep on
NFfF2pYN870-00272-00061912-00062215 learning unlearning relearning so that
NFfF2pYN870-00273-00062216-00062430 whatever the courses they are offering
NFfF2pYN870-00274-00062432-00062654 they are contemporary they are liked by
NFfF2pYN870-00275-00062655-00062823 the students and they are using
NFfF2pYN870-00276-00062824-00063054 technology to such an extent that the
NFfF2pYN870-00277-00063055-00063238 courses are very
NFfF2pYN870-00278-00063239-00063519 uh sort of they are able to they are
NFfF2pYN870-00279-00063520-00063719 engaging courses the teacher is able to
NFfF2pYN870-00280-00063720-00063999 engage the students in those courses and
NFfF2pYN870-00281-00064000-00064238 that students are able to learn in those
NFfF2pYN870-00282-00064239-00064447 courses it can be that the very good
NFfF2pYN870-00283-00064448-00064623 teacher is there in a bad university and
NFfF2pYN870-00284-00064624-00064791 not so good teacher is there in a very
NFfF2pYN870-00285-00064791-00065047 good university so teacher-centric
NFfF2pYN870-00286-00065048-00065263 courses will be there and the students
NFfF2pYN870-00287-00065264-00065415 will be liking the courses which are
NFfF2pYN870-00288-00065416-00065591 offered by the best teacher irrespective
NFfF2pYN870-00289-00065592-00065871 of the institution and i also
NFfF2pYN870-00290-00065872-00065959 think
NFfF2pYN870-00291-00065960-00066247 that in future the best teachers who are
NFfF2pYN870-00292-00066248-00066479 sought after teachers may not like to
NFfF2pYN870-00293-00066480-00066791 work in a single university because they
NFfF2pYN870-00294-00066792-00066959 are sought after their courses are like
NFfF2pYN870-00295-00066960-00067087 their courses are offered by the
NFfF2pYN870-00296-00067088-00067423 students so in future a teacher may like
NFfF2pYN870-00297-00067424-00067679 to engage himself or herself with
NFfF2pYN870-00298-00067680-00067887 multiple universities offering courses
NFfF2pYN870-00299-00067888-00068111 on their behalf and be a sought after
NFfF2pYN870-00300-00068112-00068326 teacher so abc is a concept where there
NFfF2pYN870-00301-00068327-00068543 is a lifelong learning for the students
NFfF2pYN870-00302-00068544-00068782 and there is no embargo like when you
NFfF2pYN870-00303-00068783-00068991 want to learn where you want to learn
NFfF2pYN870-00304-00068992-00069182 how you want to learn it could be online
NFfF2pYN870-00305-00069183-00069319 it could be
NFfF2pYN870-00306-00069320-00069494 face to face it could be
NFfF2pYN870-00307-00069495-00069647 one university second university third
NFfF2pYN870-00308-00069648-00069791 university it could be any course it
NFfF2pYN870-00309-00069792-00070343 could be any point of time so now um
NFfF2pYN870-00310-00070344-00070526 so this is that is why i call it the
NFfF2pYN870-00311-00070527-00070782 most innovative concept of
NFfF2pYN870-00312-00070783-00071015 national education policy because it is
NFfF2pYN870-00313-00071016-00071343 giving the total freedom to the students
NFfF2pYN870-00314-00071344-00071526 sky is the limit if they really want to
NFfF2pYN870-00315-00071527-00071759 learn sky is the limit and they can keep
NFfF2pYN870-00316-00071760-00071935 on learning learning and learning keep
NFfF2pYN870-00317-00071936-00072182 on earning degrees or even if they don't
NFfF2pYN870-00318-00072183-00072343 want to earn degrees they can be
NFfF2pYN870-00319-00072344-00072438 learning
NFfF2pYN870-00320-00072439-00072726 because the future is also de-linking of
NFfF2pYN870-00321-00072727-00072967 jobs with the degrees so only the skill
NFfF2pYN870-00322-00072968-00073182 which you have acquired will matter the
NFfF2pYN870-00323-00073183-00073326 knowledge which you have will matter
NFfF2pYN870-00324-00073327-00073526 rather than the degrees which you have
NFfF2pYN870-00325-00073527-00073815 earned so abc is a concept which is
NFfF2pYN870-00326-00073816-00074167 giving you an option to learn to acquire
NFfF2pYN870-00327-00074168-00074511 skill and to be employable and to pursue
NFfF2pYN870-00328-00074512-00074759 your passion so whatever passion you
NFfF2pYN870-00329-00074760-00075023 have whatever you want to learn so that
NFfF2pYN870-00330-00075024-00075223 type of opportunity is available with
NFfF2pYN870-00331-00075224-00075638 abc and abc is a concept which will be
NFfF2pYN870-00332-00075639-00075855 too much sought after not only by indian
NFfF2pYN870-00333-00075856-00076047 students but even by the international
NFfF2pYN870-00334-00076048-00076279 students so i think all the students
NFfF2pYN870-00335-00076280-00076431 will like it a lot
NFfF2pYN870-00336-00076432-00076750 and abc will be something which you will
NFfF2pYN870-00337-00076751-00076847 be
NFfF2pYN870-00338-00076848-00077150 seeking very often to learn and learn
NFfF2pYN870-00339-00077151-00077431 and relearn so thank you very much keep
NFfF2pYN870-00340-00077432-00077662 learning keep moving ahead thank you
NFfF2pYN870-00341-00077663-00077809 very much
NFfF2pYN870-00342-00077810-00079113 [Music]
NFfF2pYN870-00343-00079114-00079959 [Music]
NFfF2pYN870-00344-00079960-00080168 you
NFwAMYqX0xA-00000-00000059-00000181 um
NFwAMYqX0xA-00001-00000182-00002131 [Music]
NFwAMYqX0xA-00002-00002132-00002462 [Music]
NG6-DtUhQg4-00000-00000811-00001120 hi this is pastor ray I want to continue
NG6-DtUhQg4-00001-00001121-00001450 my story in the book of daniel and i
NG6-DtUhQg4-00002-00001451-00001549 want to talk about
NG6-DtUhQg4-00003-00001550-00001819 next thing that happened after the food
NG6-DtUhQg4-00004-00001820-00002266 incident and after some other trials it
NG6-DtUhQg4-00005-00002267-00002539 says it please Darius who is the king
NG6-DtUhQg4-00006-00002540-00002737 that followed Nebuchadnezzar he's from
NG6-DtUhQg4-00007-00002738-00003033 what is what was then Persia now Iran
NG6-DtUhQg4-00008-00003034-00003451 and he had captured Babylon and the King
NG6-DtUhQg4-00009-00003452-00003778 there who was the son of Nebuchadnezzar
NG6-DtUhQg4-00010-00003779-00004186 I took his own life and so now the new
NG6-DtUhQg4-00011-00004187-00004504 King Darius said it please to set over
NG6-DtUhQg4-00012-00004505-00004747 the kingdom 120 princes of whom should
NG6-DtUhQg4-00013-00004748-00005011 be over the whole kingdom and over these
NG6-DtUhQg4-00014-00005012-00005197 three presidents of them Daniel was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00015-00005198-00005506 first was that the princes might give
NG6-DtUhQg4-00016-00005507-00005713 accounts unto them and the king should
NG6-DtUhQg4-00017-00005714-00005992 had no damage then this Daniel was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00018-00005993-00006138 preferred above the presidents and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00019-00006139-00006435 presses because an excellent spirit was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00020-00006436-00006706 in him and the King sought thought to
NG6-DtUhQg4-00021-00006706-00006919 set him over the whole realm then the
NG6-DtUhQg4-00022-00006920-00007093 presidents and princes sought to find
NG6-DtUhQg4-00023-00007094-00007335 occasion against Daniel concerning the
NG6-DtUhQg4-00024-00007336-00007527 kingdom but they could find none
NG6-DtUhQg4-00025-00007528-00007843 occasion or fault for as much as he was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00026-00007844-00008152 faithful neither was there any error or
NG6-DtUhQg4-00027-00008153-00008503 fault found in him I'm sure that you've
NG6-DtUhQg4-00028-00008504-00008760 all seen the situation maybe then use
NG6-DtUhQg4-00029-00008761-00009031 the victim of it but you work really
NG6-DtUhQg4-00030-00009032-00009267 hard and you really try to do the best
NG6-DtUhQg4-00031-00009268-00009589 you can for an employer and all the
NG6-DtUhQg4-00032-00009590-00009781 other employees get angry with you and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00033-00009782-00009919 jealous of you because you're working
NG6-DtUhQg4-00034-00009920-00010330 hard or because you're a good person and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00035-00010331-00010498 you say no to some things that other
NG6-DtUhQg4-00036-00010499-00010720 people want to do and you won't do it
NG6-DtUhQg4-00037-00010721-00010930 because it's wrong break the law or it
NG6-DtUhQg4-00038-00010931-00011221 just violates the trust of your employer
NG6-DtUhQg4-00039-00011222-00011485 or customers and you won't do it and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00040-00011486-00011664 other people get angry at you and they
NG6-DtUhQg4-00041-00011665-00011881 cuff start calling you names well Daniel
NG6-DtUhQg4-00042-00011882-00012238 was cut in that category he is now up to
NG6-DtUhQg4-00043-00012239-00012699 his third King in a row that wanted him
NG6-DtUhQg4-00044-00012700-00012996 to be the chief advisor he is now like
NG6-DtUhQg4-00045-00012997-00013347 80 plus years old he's in he's an older
NG6-DtUhQg4-00046-00013348-00013653 man but he's already been discovered to
NG6-DtUhQg4-00047-00013654-00013869 have this excellent spirit good work
NG6-DtUhQg4-00048-00013870-00014290 attitude and an excellent spirit because
NG6-DtUhQg4-00049-00014291-00014476 he was connected with god and he had a
NG6-DtUhQg4-00050-00014477-00014638 godly divine
NG6-DtUhQg4-00051-00014638-00015076 wisdom and so it says the the other
NG6-DtUhQg4-00052-00015077-00015316 leaders these bureaucrats really had a
NG6-DtUhQg4-00053-00015316-00015553 problem with him it kind of interesting
NG6-DtUhQg4-00054-00015554-00015727 this week we're having Senate hearings
NG6-DtUhQg4-00055-00015728-00016225 on the cabinet nominees for president
NG6-DtUhQg4-00056-00016226-00016537 elect Trump and they're all these
NG6-DtUhQg4-00057-00016538-00016696 senators you're coming up with all these
NG6-DtUhQg4-00058-00016697-00016879 questions and objections about every
NG6-DtUhQg4-00059-00016880-00017134 single person that comes up some of them
NG6-DtUhQg4-00060-00017135-00017394 I think it's because the person has done
NG6-DtUhQg4-00061-00017395-00017697 absolutely good things their whole life
NG6-DtUhQg4-00062-00017698-00017893 for the service in the military for
NG6-DtUhQg4-00063-00017894-00018219 example one of them had worked 45 years
NG6-DtUhQg4-00064-00018220-00018583 general Kelly and we see how he they
NG6-DtUhQg4-00065-00018584-00018763 start bringing up all things that are
NG6-DtUhQg4-00066-00018764-00019072 wrong with these individuals when in
NG6-DtUhQg4-00067-00019073-00019309 fact they can't find really anything of
NG6-DtUhQg4-00068-00019310-00019585 significance and so that was what was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00069-00019586-00019747 happening with Daniel because he was a
NG6-DtUhQg4-00070-00019748-00020010 good man a good spirit and about him
NG6-DtUhQg4-00071-00020011-00020334 that this new king berta from Persia
NG6-DtUhQg4-00072-00020335-00020569 already wants him to be in charge of all
NG6-DtUhQg4-00073-00020570-00020728 those other advisers even though he's
NG6-DtUhQg4-00074-00020729-00020935 not a Persian it's kind of interesting
NG6-DtUhQg4-00075-00020936-00021208 and so all the other bureaucrats are
NG6-DtUhQg4-00076-00021209-00021412 upset because they wanted the position
NG6-DtUhQg4-00077-00021413-00021685 that he's got I'm sure and so they come
NG6-DtUhQg4-00078-00021686-00022090 up with this idea that everyone has to
NG6-DtUhQg4-00079-00022091-00022378 bow and to worship King Darius and of
NG6-DtUhQg4-00080-00022379-00022647 course King Darius being like most Kings
NG6-DtUhQg4-00081-00022648-00022918 presidents and other rulers want other
NG6-DtUhQg4-00082-00022919-00023197 people to pay homage to them and give
NG6-DtUhQg4-00083-00023198-00023631 respect to them and so forth he signs
NG6-DtUhQg4-00084-00023632-00023959 this decree he was another person who
NG6-DtUhQg4-00085-00023960-00024181 signed it before he ran it you know and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00086-00024182-00024346 it's like before he thought about it and
NG6-DtUhQg4-00087-00024347-00024600 the consequence of this he signed a
NG6-DtUhQg4-00088-00024601-00024906 decree that would sentence to death
NG6-DtUhQg4-00089-00024907-00025152 anyone that didn't bow and worship Him
NG6-DtUhQg4-00090-00025153-00025506 guess what Daniel was a man of God he
NG6-DtUhQg4-00091-00025507-00025821 would not bow and worship to the king he
NG6-DtUhQg4-00092-00025822-00026017 continued to leave his windows open
NG6-DtUhQg4-00093-00026018-00026190 other people could see that he was
NG6-DtUhQg4-00094-00026191-00026476 worshiping God the one true God every
NG6-DtUhQg4-00095-00026477-00026727 day and because he was worshiping God
NG6-DtUhQg4-00096-00026728-00026945 they brought an accusation against him
NG6-DtUhQg4-00097-00026947-00027298 because he was a believer and worship
NG6-DtUhQg4-00098-00027299-00027544 God that was his the tale of this crime
NG6-DtUhQg4-00099-00027545-00027887 so they brought the accusation the king
NG6-DtUhQg4-00100-00027888-00028114 find the decree and now Daniel is
NG6-DtUhQg4-00101-00028116-00028337 sentenced to death come back the next
NG6-DtUhQg4-00102-00028338-00028619 time and see the next one because I'm
NG6-DtUhQg4-00103-00028620-00028907 going to talk about what happened when
NG6-DtUhQg4-00104-00028908-00029198 Daniel is sentenced to death god bless
NG6-DtUhQg4-00105-00029199-00030252 you have a good week
NG6-DtUhQg4-00106-00030254-00030460 you
NGDiR-iITLu-00003-00018188-00019038 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00004-00019039-00020592 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00005-00020593-00020688 [Applause]
NGDiR-iITLu-00006-00020689-00021374 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00007-00021375-00022063 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00010-00038237-00039050 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00012-00043103-00044854 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00013-00044855-00046291 [Applause]
NGDiR-iITLu-00014-00046292-00046455 [Applause]
NGDiR-iITLu-00015-00046456-00046830 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00016-00046831-00046921 [Applause]
NGDiR-iITLu-00017-00046922-00049709 [Music]
NGDiR-iITLu-00019-00062187-00063116 you
NGDiR-iITLu-00020-00063116-00063323 you
NGDq813jzdu-00000-00000328-00000487 hey there this is manny and my tip for
NGDq813jzdu-00001-00000488-00000671 you is how to deal the maximum damage in
NGDq813jzdu-00002-00000672-00000847 war robots we're using the crimson hawk
NGDq813jzdu-00003-00000848-00001023 with volt and gauss as an example
NGDq813jzdu-00004-00001024-00001191 because obviously leveled up weapons
NGDq813jzdu-00005-00001192-00001350 deal more damage but if you really want
NGDq813jzdu-00006-00001351-00001519 to do the max damage you gotta use a
NGDq813jzdu-00007-00001520-00001695 combination of the right modules
NGDq813jzdu-00008-00001696-00001879 the right pilot and the right pilot
NGDq813jzdu-00009-00001880-00002110 skills right 800 meters range weapons we
NGDq813jzdu-00010-00002111-00002310 have the best pilot is basil lapat in
NGDq813jzdu-00011-00002311-00002375 this case
NGDq813jzdu-00012-00002376-00002631 for the 7.5 increase don't forget the
NGDq813jzdu-00013-00002632-00002750 power man skills
NGDq813jzdu-00014-00002751-00002942 to boost your recharge rate by another
NGDq813jzdu-00015-00002943-00003142 25 percent then passive modules
NGDq813jzdu-00016-00003143-00003319 thermonuclear reactor 10
NGDq813jzdu-00017-00003320-00003590 each overdrive 25 each but you've got to
NGDq813jzdu-00018-00003592-00003670 take damage
NGDq813jzdu-00019-00003671-00003838 in order to activate it then we have the
NGDq813jzdu-00020-00003839-00004070 microchips on the drones and the b slots
NGDq813jzdu-00021-00004071-00004191 in particular give you
NGDq813jzdu-00022-00004192-00004391 bonus damage upon use of your active
NGDq813jzdu-00023-00004392-00004622 module in this case it's 40
NGDq813jzdu-00024-00004623-00004863 on this i drone right pairing all those
NGDq813jzdu-00025-00004864-00004991 things increases your damage
NGDq813jzdu-00026-00004992-00005151 exponentially of course instead of the
NGDq813jzdu-00027-00005152-00005222 jump unit
NGDq813jzdu-00028-00005223-00005415 we could use the death mark for an even
NGDq813jzdu-00029-00005416-00005583 greater boost but i like jump units so
NGDq813jzdu-00030-00005584-00005679 we go with this
NGDq813jzdu-00031-00005680-00005983 67 000 damage a basic shot with the
NGDq813jzdu-00032-00005984-00006295 microchip drone activation 92 000 damage
NGDq813jzdu-00033-00006296-00006550 and then if we activate the overdrive or
NGDq813jzdu-00034-00006551-00006734 let the enemy deal damage to us and have
NGDq813jzdu-00035-00006736-00006919 overdrive running and use the drone at
NGDq813jzdu-00036-00006920-00007014 the same time
NGDq813jzdu-00037-00007015-00007175 the active module then we get to a
NGDq813jzdu-00038-00007176-00007342 whopping 133
NGDq813jzdu-00039-00007343-00007623 000 damage here or 34 almost with all
NGDq813jzdu-00040-00007623-00007695 the boosts
NGDq813jzdu-00041-00007695-00007927 running at the same time so this is how
NGDq813jzdu-00042-00007928-00008110 you actually do maximum damage
NGDq813jzdu-00043-00008111-00008295 keep in mind though this costs a lot of
NGDq813jzdu-00044-00008296-00008455 power cells to do but
NGDq813jzdu-00045-00008456-00008646 if it's the question about how to do max
NGDq813jzdu-00046-00008647-00008910 damage that's how it goes alright so uh
NGDq813jzdu-00047-00008911-00009078 greetings
NGDq813jzdu-00048-00009079-00009239 hey guys adrian here today i'm going to
NGDq813jzdu-00049-00009240-00009431 be sharing with you my tips for getting
NGDq813jzdu-00050-00009432-00009574 more kills in your games
NGDq813jzdu-00051-00009575-00009846 to help you complete the kills toss so
NGDq813jzdu-00052-00009847-00010014 the first thing that i usually do
NGDq813jzdu-00053-00010015-00010271 is i use high burst damage weapons that
NGDq813jzdu-00054-00010272-00010406 reload fast
NGDq813jzdu-00055-00010407-00010631 things like shotguns rockets uh you know
NGDq813jzdu-00056-00010632-00010719 flamethrowers
NGDq813jzdu-00057-00010720-00010935 uh if we actually go to the workshop
NGDq813jzdu-00058-00010936-00011095 here i can show you which weapons i
NGDq813jzdu-00059-00011096-00011223 would focus on
NGDq813jzdu-00060-00011224-00011503 to complete this task so uh weapons like
NGDq813jzdu-00061-00011504-00011606 glacier
NGDq813jzdu-00062-00011607-00011959 uh cryo rime igniter
NGDq813jzdu-00063-00011960-00012206 um avalanche could work as well but um i
NGDq813jzdu-00064-00012207-00012431 tend to focus on weapons that are 350
NGDq813jzdu-00065-00012432-00012535 meters and under
NGDq813jzdu-00066-00012536-00013038 okay so a blaze uh let's see halo
NGDq813jzdu-00067-00013039-00013399 we have the glory here the corona exodus
NGDq813jzdu-00068-00013400-00013583 uh pulsar can work too it has a fast
NGDq813jzdu-00069-00013584-00013815 reload time but again i tend to focus on
NGDq813jzdu-00070-00013816-00014015 350 meters and under
NGDq813jzdu-00071-00014016-00014215 redeemer and ember so those are the
NGDq813jzdu-00072-00014216-00014447 weapons that i typically focus on
NGDq813jzdu-00073-00014447-00014663 uh in order to complete this task and
NGDq813jzdu-00074-00014663-00014807 the other thing that i wanted to also
NGDq813jzdu-00075-00014808-00014894 mention is
NGDq813jzdu-00076-00014895-00015183 before you engage the enemy always make
NGDq813jzdu-00077-00015184-00015375 sure that you have a full clip or close
NGDq813jzdu-00078-00015376-00015615 to a full clip i often see players
NGDq813jzdu-00079-00015616-00015815 engaging and they have like 70 percent
NGDq813jzdu-00080-00015816-00015958 or like 60 percent
NGDq813jzdu-00081-00015959-00016215 of the ammo the more ammo you have the
NGDq813jzdu-00082-00016216-00016375 greater the chances of you getting that
NGDq813jzdu-00083-00016376-00016422 kill
NGDq813jzdu-00084-00016423-00016679 as always do that and also if you are
NGDq813jzdu-00085-00016680-00016911 playing beacon rush or domination
NGDq813jzdu-00086-00016912-00017143 i tend to gravitate closer towards the
NGDq813jzdu-00087-00017144-00017263 beacons because
NGDq813jzdu-00088-00017264-00017430 i know the enemy is going to go for a
NGDq813jzdu-00089-00017431-00017630 beacon and that's typically where you
NGDq813jzdu-00090-00017631-00017719 find
NGDq813jzdu-00091-00017720-00017879 all the damage if you want to get high
NGDq813jzdu-00092-00017880-00018103 damage always gravitate towards
NGDq813jzdu-00093-00018104-00018286 beacons and also with that you know
NGDq813jzdu-00094-00018287-00018439 usually comes kills
NGDq813jzdu-00095-00018440-00018591 so um you know those are things i wanted
NGDq813jzdu-00096-00018592-00018791 to focus on uh also
NGDq813jzdu-00097-00018792-00019030 uh aim for robots with like low health
NGDq813jzdu-00098-00019031-00019167 um if they have
NGDq813jzdu-00099-00019168-00019414 no resistance or no shield definitely go
NGDq813jzdu-00100-00019415-00019535 for them first um
NGDq813jzdu-00101-00019536-00019791 that's typically what i do but yup those
NGDq813jzdu-00102-00019792-00019879 are my tips
NGDq813jzdu-00103-00019880-00020119 to help you complete this task so thanks
NGDq813jzdu-00104-00020120-00020303 for watching my guide for getting
NGDq813jzdu-00105-00020304-00020735 more kills hello everyone igor here
NGDq813jzdu-00106-00020736-00020911 i will touch on some tips and tricks on
NGDq813jzdu-00107-00020912-00021111 how to spawn titans faster
NGDq813jzdu-00108-00021112-00021327 titans are special and giant robots that
NGDq813jzdu-00109-00021328-00021535 cannot be spawned right when you start a
NGDq813jzdu-00110-00021536-00021583 battle
NGDq813jzdu-00111-00021584-00021767 you need to fill the so called titan
NGDq813jzdu-00112-00021768-00022014 progress bar in order to spawn yours
NGDq813jzdu-00113-00022015-00022222 this bar fills up slowly every second
NGDq813jzdu-00114-00022223-00022430 you stay in battle but what can you do
NGDq813jzdu-00115-00022431-00022639 to fill it as fast as possible
NGDq813jzdu-00116-00022640-00022807 there are three main things that
NGDq813jzdu-00117-00022808-00023055 contribute the most at filling the titan
NGDq813jzdu-00118-00023056-00023158 progress bar
NGDq813jzdu-00119-00023159-00023422 getting beacons liberating beacons and
NGDq813jzdu-00120-00023423-00023519 getting kills
NGDq813jzdu-00121-00023520-00023727 for accomplishing these goals the best
NGDq813jzdu-00122-00023728-00023822 suited thing to do
NGDq813jzdu-00123-00023823-00024022 is using a setup that has a decent
NGDq813jzdu-00124-00024023-00024127 balance between
NGDq813jzdu-00125-00024128-00024407 speed firepower and self-defense or
NGDq813jzdu-00126-00024408-00024486 durability
NGDq813jzdu-00127-00024487-00024694 there can be many robots that have this
NGDq813jzdu-00128-00024695-00024919 balance i would like to give nemesis and
NGDq813jzdu-00129-00024920-00025055 phantom as an example
NGDq813jzdu-00130-00025056-00025278 they are durable they can go for and
NGDq813jzdu-00131-00025279-00025471 liberate beacons and they can get
NGDq813jzdu-00132-00025472-00025646 kills as well with their average
NGDq813jzdu-00133-00025647-00025894 firepower but don't be tempted to storm
NGDq813jzdu-00134-00025895-00026134 in enemy lines single-handedly or rush
NGDq813jzdu-00135-00026135-00026270 in for all the beacons
NGDq813jzdu-00136-00026272-00026518 keep in mind the titan progress bar also
NGDq813jzdu-00137-00026519-00026743 feels faster for the team that has less
NGDq813jzdu-00138-00026744-00026983 beacons and more depleted beacon bar
NGDq813jzdu-00139-00026983-00027183 war robots is a team game so there is a
NGDq813jzdu-00140-00027183-00027295 good possibility that
NGDq813jzdu-00141-00027295-00027495 enemy team might be rushing in for the
NGDq813jzdu-00142-00027495-00027695 beacons better in that case your team
NGDq813jzdu-00143-00027695-00027902 will have a more depleted beacon bar
NGDq813jzdu-00144-00027904-00028062 what you need to do is focus on
NGDq813jzdu-00145-00028063-00028279 eliminating the beacon rushers first and
NGDq813jzdu-00146-00028280-00028358 then aim for
NGDq813jzdu-00147-00028360-00028590 liberating beacons in such scenarios
NGDq813jzdu-00148-00028591-00028767 titan meter bar will fill up
NGDq813jzdu-00149-00028768-00028974 faster than you might expect what else
NGDq813jzdu-00150-00028975-00029183 to do to fill the titan bar faster
NGDq813jzdu-00151-00029183-00029407 you can also use a healing bot to heal
NGDq813jzdu-00152-00029408-00029495 yourself and
NGDq813jzdu-00153-00029495-00029727 allies both will contribute to spawning
NGDq813jzdu-00154-00029727-00029870 your titan faster
NGDq813jzdu-00155-00029872-00030046 dealing damage also contributes to the
NGDq813jzdu-00156-00030047-00030183 titan meter bar but
NGDq813jzdu-00157-00030183-00030423 not all weapons or weapon times feel it
NGDq813jzdu-00158-00030424-00030487 equally
NGDq813jzdu-00159-00030488-00030679 dealing damage with certain type of
NGDq813jzdu-00160-00030680-00030870 weapons will contribute more than
NGDq813jzdu-00161-00030872-00031070 others there are just so many types of
NGDq813jzdu-00162-00031072-00031279 equipment in war robots that i cannot
NGDq813jzdu-00163-00031280-00031479 cover in a short amount of time but just
NGDq813jzdu-00164-00031480-00031583 to give an example
NGDq813jzdu-00165-00031583-00031790 dealing damage with shredder fills the
NGDq813jzdu-00166-00031791-00031887 titan meter
NGDq813jzdu-00167-00031888-00032102 faster than dealing damage with halo
NGDq813jzdu-00168-00032103-00032302 alright that would be my short guide on
NGDq813jzdu-00169-00032303-00032551 how to spawn titans faster i hope it was
NGDq813jzdu-00170-00032552-00032935 helpful
NGDq813jzdu-00171-00032936-00033262 my tip for killing more rents with a dsc
NGDq813jzdu-00172-00033263-00033559 faction bot is to choose invader and
NGDq813jzdu-00173-00033560-00033783 build it up to take out metabots like
NGDq813jzdu-00174-00033784-00033846 shell
NGDq813jzdu-00175-00033847-00034207 and tanky bots like fenrir be ready
NGDq813jzdu-00176-00034208-00034487 for any red with this incredible build
NGDq813jzdu-00177-00034488-00034702 recommend three heavy armor kits
NGDq813jzdu-00178-00034703-00034974 it's possible to build invader into an
NGDq813jzdu-00179-00034975-00035071 hp
NGDq813jzdu-00180-00035072-00035271 monster especially the rack did one
NGDq813jzdu-00181-00035272-00035407 advance repairing it
NGDq813jzdu-00182-00035408-00035711 to repair all that beautiful hp over and
NGDq813jzdu-00183-00035712-00035839 over again
NGDq813jzdu-00184-00035840-00036007 regarding microchips recommend the
NGDq813jzdu-00185-00036008-00036167 freezer microchip
NGDq813jzdu-00186-00036168-00036439 get those reds nice and cold they will
NGDq813jzdu-00187-00036440-00036615 take 20 percent more damage
NGDq813jzdu-00188-00036616-00036902 that can be very advantageous against
NGDq813jzdu-00189-00036903-00037118 these powerful red opponents
NGDq813jzdu-00190-00037119-00037343 as we observe this thing can take quite
NGDq813jzdu-00191-00037344-00037430 the hit
NGDq813jzdu-00192-00037431-00037759 and keep on going brawl
NGDq813jzdu-00193-00037760-00038087 until your hearts delight pilot training
NGDq813jzdu-00194-00038088-00038287 crucial let's look at that
NGDq813jzdu-00195-00038288-00038518 tough guy armor expert pile on the
NGDq813jzdu-00196-00038519-00038590 durability
NGDq813jzdu-00197-00038591-00038846 mechanic wonder worker repair again and
NGDq813jzdu-00198-00038847-00038959 again
NGDq813jzdu-00199-00038960-00039167 master gunsmith is particularly high for
NGDq813jzdu-00200-00039168-00039351 invader roadhog to move around faster
NGDq813jzdu-00201-00039352-00039446 and dodger
NGDq813jzdu-00202-00039447-00039767 to repair even more and more
NGDq813jzdu-00203-00039768-00040046 as we can see here every part is
NGDq813jzdu-00204-00040047-00040111 important
NGDq813jzdu-00205-00040112-00040311 the nibbler drone is a great match
NGDq813jzdu-00206-00040312-00040551 recommend recurrent and treble absorber
NGDq813jzdu-00207-00040552-00040679 for the shield
NGDq813jzdu-00208-00040680-00041015 and two revitalizing defenders
NGDq813jzdu-00209-00041016-00041271 you can really show who's boss with this
NGDq813jzdu-00210-00041272-00041343 build
NGDq813jzdu-00211-00041344-00041535 don't let those shells get away and all
NGDq813jzdu-00212-00041536-00041751 of it together makes an incredible
NGDq813jzdu-00213-00041752-00041951 champion bot through and through for
NGDq813jzdu-00214-00041952-00042055 more information
NGDq813jzdu-00215-00042056-00042415 visit justice review justice out
NGDq813jzdu-00216-00042416-00042662 hey what's up everyone danny lightning
NGDq813jzdu-00217-00042663-00042871 back from the lightning wr youtube
NGDq813jzdu-00218-00042872-00042990 channel and we're going to talk about
NGDq813jzdu-00219-00042991-00043079 the task called
NGDq813jzdu-00220-00043080-00043335 killing space tech robots so all you got
NGDq813jzdu-00221-00043336-00043518 to do is find some red dudes from the
NGDq813jzdu-00222-00043519-00043727 space tech faction and make them some
NGDq813jzdu-00223-00043728-00043871 dead dudes all right
NGDq813jzdu-00224-00043872-00044039 so you're probably wondering which
NGDq813jzdu-00225-00044040-00044207 robots are part of the space tech
NGDq813jzdu-00226-00044208-00044302 faction so
NGDq813jzdu-00227-00044303-00044527 let's go over that list right now so we
NGDq813jzdu-00228-00044528-00044671 got the hawks
NGDq813jzdu-00229-00044672-00044887 all three of the flying dragon bots like
NGDq813jzdu-00230-00044888-00045046 al june and his brothers
NGDq813jzdu-00231-00045047-00045255 we got the ravens the hovers the
NGDq813jzdu-00232-00045256-00045383 natashas
NGDq813jzdu-00233-00045384-00045711 we got cossack we got regattas we got
NGDq813jzdu-00234-00045712-00045790 valles
NGDq813jzdu-00235-00045791-00046039 and the griffins so all you gotta do is
NGDq813jzdu-00236-00046040-00046239 look for those dudes on the battlefield
NGDq813jzdu-00237-00046240-00046518 and take them out all right smash those
NGDq813jzdu-00238-00046519-00046615 guys up
NGDq813jzdu-00239-00046616-00046823 bash those guys up and that's going to
NGDq813jzdu-00240-00046824-00047007 help you complete this task
NGDq813jzdu-00241-00047008-00047183 that's really about all there is to it
NGDq813jzdu-00242-00047184-00047358 this one's really cut and dry
NGDq813jzdu-00243-00047359-00047646 so find space tech bots and wipe them
NGDq813jzdu-00244-00047647-00047727 out guys
NGDq813jzdu-00245-00047728-00047911 alright hope you enjoyed this tip and we
NGDq813jzdu-00246-00047912-00048127 will catch you later
NGDq813jzdu-00247-00048128-00048318 hey guys igor here in this short time
NGDq813jzdu-00248-00048319-00048518 interval i will talk about yandy robots
NGDq813jzdu-00249-00048519-00048686 and killing them but first let us
NGDq813jzdu-00250-00048687-00048871 understand what yandi stands for
NGDq813jzdu-00251-00048872-00049062 according to war robots lauriandi
NGDq813jzdu-00252-00049063-00049207 ventures is a financial
NGDq813jzdu-00253-00049208-00049383 and energy conglomerate it is
NGDq813jzdu-00254-00049384-00049599 represented by this symbol and it is one
NGDq813jzdu-00255-00049600-00049671 of the five
NGDq813jzdu-00256-00049672-00049927 factions in war robots just like in all
NGDq813jzdu-00257-00049928-00050158 other factions there are multiple robots
NGDq813jzdu-00258-00050159-00050358 associated with this faction based on
NGDq813jzdu-00259-00050359-00050558 the lore remarkable inventions of
NGDq813jzdu-00260-00050559-00050599 yandere
NGDq813jzdu-00261-00050600-00050871 vendors are modules power cells stealth
NGDq813jzdu-00262-00050872-00050918 system
NGDq813jzdu-00263-00050919-00051143 and phase shift robots associated with
NGDq813jzdu-00264-00051144-00051287 this faction are stalker
NGDq813jzdu-00265-00051288-00051582 strider hellburner inquisitor falcon
NGDq813jzdu-00266-00051583-00051719 mercury pursuer
NGDq813jzdu-00267-00051720-00051975 spectre ravenna and scorpion and the
NGDq813jzdu-00268-00051976-00052182 titan of this faction is sharanga
NGDq813jzdu-00269-00052183-00052375 as you see there are many robots with
NGDq813jzdu-00270-00052376-00052559 stealth ability in this faction when you
NGDq813jzdu-00271-00052560-00052750 need to kill those robots the best way
NGDq813jzdu-00272-00052751-00052966 to counter them is to use the active
NGDq813jzdu-00273-00052967-00053215 module quantum radar on regular robots
NGDq813jzdu-00274-00053216-00053407 and passive module quantum sensor
NGDq813jzdu-00275-00053408-00053623 on your titan with these modules killing
NGDq813jzdu-00276-00053624-00053766 stalker inquisitor
NGDq813jzdu-00277-00053767-00054030 mercury pursuer and spectre becomes much
NGDq813jzdu-00278-00054032-00054223 easier to do since they heavily rely on
NGDq813jzdu-00279-00054224-00054303 their stealth
NGDq813jzdu-00280-00054304-00054471 hellburner and strider don't have
NGDq813jzdu-00281-00054472-00054679 stealth but they rely on their speed so
NGDq813jzdu-00282-00054679-00054847 the best way to counter them is by
NGDq813jzdu-00283-00054848-00055087 immobilizing using freeze or lockdown
NGDq813jzdu-00284-00055088-00055142 effects
NGDq813jzdu-00285-00055144-00055319 you can apply these effects by using
NGDq813jzdu-00286-00055320-00055526 freeze or lockdown microchips
NGDq813jzdu-00287-00055527-00055735 weapons using these specific traits like
NGDq813jzdu-00288-00055736-00055959 cryogenic rockets and lockdown shotguns
NGDq813jzdu-00289-00055960-00056191 or by using the active module locked on
NGDq813jzdu-00290-00056191-00056238 ammo
NGDq813jzdu-00291-00056239-00056423 killing ravana and scorpion can be
NGDq813jzdu-00292-00056424-00056647 tricky scorpion can quickly teleport
NGDq813jzdu-00293-00056648-00056823 back when in the intro and ravana can
NGDq813jzdu-00294-00056824-00056854 use
NGDq813jzdu-00295-00056855-00057071 multiple abilities back to back and use
NGDq813jzdu-00296-00057072-00057238 multiple phase shifts on top
NGDq813jzdu-00297-00057239-00057463 making it invincible for a long period
NGDq813jzdu-00298-00057464-00057654 of time the best way to counter these
NGDq813jzdu-00299-00057655-00057687 two
NGDq813jzdu-00300-00057688-00057959 is using the emp ability of type one
NGDq813jzdu-00301-00057960-00058126 which completely blocks out their
NGDq813jzdu-00302-00058127-00058342 ability usage and makes them vulnerable
NGDq813jzdu-00303-00058344-00058542 second effective way is to use something
NGDq813jzdu-00304-00058544-00058647 with a high hp
NGDq813jzdu-00305-00058648-00058871 and good defense like fenrir using a
NGDq813jzdu-00306-00058872-00059007 scorpion is also highly
NGDq813jzdu-00307-00059008-00059223 recommended to counter both of these two
NGDq813jzdu-00308-00059224-00059391 falcon is usually used with a
NGDq813jzdu-00309-00059391-00059582 traditionalist skill which makes its
NGDq813jzdu-00310-00059583-00059759 effective durability very high
NGDq813jzdu-00311-00059760-00059966 for medium range using corrosion weapons
NGDq813jzdu-00312-00059967-00060191 like hornet can be very useful since
NGDq813jzdu-00313-00060191-00060430 dot effect of those weapons bypass the
NGDq813jzdu-00314-00060432-00060654 damage resistance of falcon completely
NGDq813jzdu-00315-00060655-00060871 for close range using high damage output
NGDq813jzdu-00316-00060872-00061071 weapons like flamethrowers or sonic
NGDq813jzdu-00317-00061072-00061182 shotguns will help
NGDq813jzdu-00318-00061183-00061438 in taking it down faster sharanga can be
NGDq813jzdu-00319-00061439-00061638 the hardest to take down from the entire
NGDq813jzdu-00320-00061639-00061694 yandi
NGDq813jzdu-00321-00061695-00061982 ventures it is a titan with very high hp
NGDq813jzdu-00322-00061983-00062199 alongside an astounding firepower the
NGDq813jzdu-00323-00062200-00062342 best way to take it down
NGDq813jzdu-00324-00062344-00062559 is using another titan with no dance for
NGDq813jzdu-00325-00062560-00062726 example you can suppress it and deal
NGDq813jzdu-00326-00062727-00062935 damage as long as it stays suppressed
NGDq813jzdu-00327-00062936-00063142 then get back to cover with minors you
NGDq813jzdu-00328-00063144-00063342 can activate your reflector and do the
NGDq813jzdu-00329-00063344-00063542 same thing but try to keep your distance
NGDq813jzdu-00330-00063544-00063894 at least 350 meters away from sriranga
NGDq813jzdu-00331-00063895-00064087 if you get closer than that it might use
NGDq813jzdu-00332-00064088-00064263 its face exile ability
NGDq813jzdu-00333-00064264-00064494 making your ability go to waste that's
NGDq813jzdu-00334-00064495-00064719 briefly about killing yandi robots i
NGDq813jzdu-00335-00064720-00064926 hope it was helpful
NGDq813jzdu-00336-00064927-00065111 hey what's up everyone this is your boy
NGDq813jzdu-00337-00065112-00065335 droopy sack i'm super blessed to be here
NGDq813jzdu-00338-00065336-00065471 with y'all today to share with you
NGDq813jzdu-00339-00065472-00065663 a tip that i know has been very helpful
NGDq813jzdu-00340-00065664-00065791 for me in the game
NGDq813jzdu-00341-00065792-00066111 because i don't have mk2 level 12
NGDq813jzdu-00342-00066112-00066335 everything so it definitely need a
NGDq813jzdu-00343-00066336-00066487 little bit of hookup with the hp you
NGDq813jzdu-00344-00066488-00066559 know what i'm saying
NGDq813jzdu-00345-00066560-00066750 so the first thing we want to consider
NGDq813jzdu-00346-00066751-00066975 is getting the pilot skills
NGDq813jzdu-00347-00066976-00067175 for that specific bot that has to do
NGDq813jzdu-00348-00067176-00067367 with healing now let's say for the algae
NGDq813jzdu-00349-00067368-00067399 and there's
NGDq813jzdu-00350-00067400-00067606 four of them you have the mechanic which
NGDq813jzdu-00351-00067607-00067711 is going to repair
NGDq813jzdu-00352-00067712-00067991 point zero eight percent per second the
NGDq813jzdu-00353-00067992-00068159 other one is adamant mechanic
NGDq813jzdu-00354-00068160-00068335 and that one is if the enemy controls
NGDq813jzdu-00355-00068336-00068526 three or more beacons and right off the
NGDq813jzdu-00356-00068527-00068599 bat is gonna be
NGDq813jzdu-00357-00068600-00068823 point one five percent of your maximum
NGDq813jzdu-00358-00068824-00069006 hp is going to be restored every second
NGDq813jzdu-00359-00069007-00069271 the raider mechanic and that's after you
NGDq813jzdu-00360-00069272-00069399 capture a beacon
NGDq813jzdu-00361-00069400-00069726 that's going to repair 3.5
NGDq813jzdu-00362-00069727-00069950 right off the bat of your your maximum
NGDq813jzdu-00363-00069951-00070047 durability
NGDq813jzdu-00364-00070048-00070279 and the last one is the wonder worker
NGDq813jzdu-00365-00070280-00070463 and that one is going to
NGDq813jzdu-00366-00070464-00070711 restore two percent of your maximum
NGDq813jzdu-00367-00070712-00070831 durability
NGDq813jzdu-00368-00070832-00071262 uh right away after you activate the um
NGDq813jzdu-00369-00071263-00071494 the special ability the second one is
NGDq813jzdu-00370-00071495-00071615 the active
NGDq813jzdu-00371-00071616-00071806 modules either the repair unit and
NGDq813jzdu-00372-00071807-00071919 that's going to be repairing
NGDq813jzdu-00373-00071920-00072135 five percent of your maximum hp and then
NGDq813jzdu-00374-00072136-00072319 you also have the advanced repair unit
NGDq813jzdu-00375-00072320-00072391 which is going to
NGDq813jzdu-00376-00072392-00072671 be repairing 10 of your maximum hp and
NGDq813jzdu-00377-00072672-00072791 those two modules
NGDq813jzdu-00378-00072792-00073094 have a cooldown of 20 seconds so you got
NGDq813jzdu-00379-00073095-00073191 to figure out you know
NGDq813jzdu-00380-00073192-00073399 of your pilot skills and of your active
NGDq813jzdu-00381-00073400-00073575 modules which ones are going to be kind
NGDq813jzdu-00382-00073576-00073750 of playing the predominant role
NGDq813jzdu-00383-00073751-00073975 in getting your bots hp up to where you
NGDq813jzdu-00384-00073976-00074079 feel comfortable
NGDq813jzdu-00385-00074080-00074319 the last one is the bots so healing
NGDq813jzdu-00386-00074320-00074406 other people
NGDq813jzdu-00387-00074407-00074599 and also yourself taking into account
NGDq813jzdu-00388-00074600-00074750 which bot do you have in your hangar
NGDq813jzdu-00389-00074751-00074919 because of the healing bots that we have
NGDq813jzdu-00390-00074920-00075055 in the game you have
NGDq813jzdu-00391-00075056-00075359 you have your tier t-y-r tire tier you
NGDq813jzdu-00392-00075360-00075462 have your mender
NGDq813jzdu-00393-00075463-00075679 your weyland your dementor and your
NGDq813jzdu-00394-00075680-00075799 nightingale but then you
NGDq813jzdu-00395-00075800-00076087 also have the noden which is a titan you
NGDq813jzdu-00396-00076088-00076215 have the pilot skills
NGDq813jzdu-00397-00076216-00076399 get the pilot skills on your bot upgrade
NGDq813jzdu-00398-00076400-00076550 those pilot skills if you have the gold
NGDq813jzdu-00399-00076551-00076631 available
NGDq813jzdu-00400-00076632-00076879 active modules the repair unit or the
NGDq813jzdu-00401-00076880-00077055 advanced repair unit no matter where you
NGDq813jzdu-00402-00077056-00077206 are in the world i hope you your friends
NGDq813jzdu-00403-00077207-00077359 and your family are happy healthy and
NGDq813jzdu-00404-00077360-00077494 safe and good luck to you
NGDq813jzdu-00405-00077495-00077767 and uh peace hey what's up everyone this
NGDq813jzdu-00406-00077768-00078006 is at gaming and here is my tip for the
NGDq813jzdu-00407-00078007-00078071 capture
NGDq813jzdu-00408-00078072-00078399 more beacon task of the new update
NGDq813jzdu-00409-00078400-00078647 and i will tell you a few tips how to do
NGDq813jzdu-00410-00078648-00078719 it much
NGDq813jzdu-00411-00078720-00079023 effectively and much faster so first of
NGDq813jzdu-00412-00079024-00079087 all
NGDq813jzdu-00413-00079088-00079335 we all know that the speed is the key
NGDq813jzdu-00414-00079336-00079423 part
NGDq813jzdu-00415-00079424-00079687 for winning this game also to capture
NGDq813jzdu-00416-00079688-00079831 more beacons
NGDq813jzdu-00417-00079832-00080119 with speed robots so you need to use a
NGDq813jzdu-00418-00080120-00080350 speed robots like a loki
NGDq813jzdu-00419-00080351-00080662 orochi phantom any kind of speed robot
NGDq813jzdu-00420-00080663-00080831 that you have on your lineup
NGDq813jzdu-00421-00080832-00081135 will help you to capture more vehicles
NGDq813jzdu-00422-00081136-00081238 in this game
NGDq813jzdu-00423-00081239-00081487 secondly you need to make sure when you
NGDq813jzdu-00424-00081488-00081638 are starting the game
NGDq813jzdu-00425-00081639-00081847 if it's a beacon rush you need to first
NGDq813jzdu-00426-00081848-00081999 of all if you can
NGDq813jzdu-00427-00082000-00082279 get the bitcoin first if with the speed
NGDq813jzdu-00428-00082280-00082367 robot
NGDq813jzdu-00429-00082368-00082662 it leads me to do the second important
NGDq813jzdu-00430-00082663-00082750 thing i want to
NGDq813jzdu-00431-00082751-00083055 to say you need to have at least one
NGDq813jzdu-00432-00083056-00083126 tank
NGDq813jzdu-00433-00083127-00083367 on your handguard and why i'm saying
NGDq813jzdu-00434-00083368-00083438 that
NGDq813jzdu-00435-00083439-00083703 because if you will get the beacon first
NGDq813jzdu-00436-00083704-00083871 with the speed robot
NGDq813jzdu-00437-00083872-00084175 and even if you will be destroyed by the
NGDq813jzdu-00438-00084176-00084231 enemies
NGDq813jzdu-00439-00084232-00084606 you can guard the beacon with the tank
NGDq813jzdu-00440-00084607-00084815 and if the enemy is throwing the beacon
NGDq813jzdu-00441-00084816-00085071 white you can get the beacon back and
NGDq813jzdu-00442-00085072-00085311 that's way you can get more beacons
NGDq813jzdu-00443-00085312-00085599 the third one the third tip is to play
NGDq813jzdu-00444-00085600-00085726 domination guys
NGDq813jzdu-00445-00085727-00085903 if you are playing domination on
NGDq813jzdu-00446-00085904-00086126 domination mode the enemies
NGDq813jzdu-00447-00086127-00086375 cannot spawn back on the beacon and this
NGDq813jzdu-00448-00086376-00086511 is actually can be
NGDq813jzdu-00449-00086512-00086750 really good because you can get more
NGDq813jzdu-00450-00086751-00086950 beacons like that if you are using
NGDq813jzdu-00451-00086951-00087247 a speed robot like a loki you can take
NGDq813jzdu-00452-00087248-00087503 all the beacons and even the the enemies
NGDq813jzdu-00453-00087504-00087606 they are taking the beacon
NGDq813jzdu-00454-00087607-00087943 on the other side you can go back to the
NGDq813jzdu-00455-00087944-00088150 other side with the speed robot and take
NGDq813jzdu-00456-00088151-00088262 the beacon back
NGDq813jzdu-00457-00088263-00088615 without worrying that the enemies will
NGDq813jzdu-00458-00088616-00088711 spawn again
NGDq813jzdu-00459-00088712-00088975 this is another thing you need to know
NGDq813jzdu-00460-00088976-00089094 and the last tip
NGDq813jzdu-00461-00089095-00089326 and this is going to be unusual tip you
NGDq813jzdu-00462-00089327-00089415 know
NGDq813jzdu-00463-00089416-00089711 if you are using phase shift the phase
NGDq813jzdu-00464-00089712-00089759 shift
NGDq813jzdu-00465-00089760-00090047 makes you to lose the beacon control so
NGDq813jzdu-00466-00090048-00090118 you can
NGDq813jzdu-00467-00090119-00090406 you can use it for your advantage for
NGDq813jzdu-00468-00090407-00090535 this task
NGDq813jzdu-00469-00090536-00090735 you need to know exactly when to use it
NGDq813jzdu-00470-00090736-00090887 if you're using the ravana also the
NGDq813jzdu-00471-00090888-00090975 ravana
NGDq813jzdu-00472-00090976-00091126 you can use your ability the
NGDq813jzdu-00473-00091127-00091294 transcendence ability
NGDq813jzdu-00474-00091295-00091535 you can lose the vehicle and you can
NGDq813jzdu-00475-00091536-00091655 turn it white
NGDq813jzdu-00476-00091656-00091935 you can say and then finish off the
NGDq813jzdu-00477-00091936-00092023 enemy
NGDq813jzdu-00478-00092024-00092262 and take the beacon back this is an
NGDq813jzdu-00479-00092263-00092479 unusual tip but it can help you
NGDq813jzdu-00480-00092480-00092767 to get more vehicles and this is it was
NGDq813jzdu-00481-00092768-00092918 just a few tips
NGDq813jzdu-00482-00092919-00093199 for finishing this task i hope these few
NGDq813jzdu-00483-00093200-00093247 tips
NGDq813jzdu-00484-00093248-00093591 will help you to improve your beacon
NGDq813jzdu-00485-00093592-00093935 capturing abilities and until next time
NGDq813jzdu-00486-00093936-00096079 have a good day slash night
NGDq813jzdu-00487-00096080-00096288 you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00000-00000003-00000257 hi my name is Jurgen and I love
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00001-00000258-00000455 open-source software today I'm gonna
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00002-00000456-00000632 talk to you about Inkscape and how it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00003-00000633-00001012 can work with bitmaps first off what's a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00004-00001013-00001394 bitmap a bitmap is simply said a photo a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00005-00001395-00001796 photograph so it's it consists of dots
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00006-00001797-00002035 small pixels so if i zoom in for example
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00007-00002036-00002410 into the eye of the dog you can see all
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00008-00002411-00002683 these pictures actually things get
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00009-00002684-00002882 faster and faster the more you zoom in
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00010-00002883-00003397 because the cutting scape doesn't really
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00011-00003397-00003710 distinguish the pixels it just says it's
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00012-00003711-00003997 a pixel-based image so you can see the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00013-00003998-00004256 grass here it's because these artifacts
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00014-00004257-00004568 so if you zoom in things get blurry
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00015-00004569-00004769 that's the bottom line
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00016-00004770-00005150 but it shows a color for every dot on
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00017-00005151-00005717 the photo so how does a Inkscape work
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00018-00005718-00005947 Inkscape is a vector-based so for
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00019-00005948-00006163 example i have the Inkscape logo here
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00020-00006164-00006500 twice so now can you tell me which one
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00021-00006501-00006748 of the two is the vector which one is a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00022-00006750-00006895 bitmap of
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00023-00006897-00007148 like this it's really hard to tell but
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00024-00007148-00007384 if i zoom in I'll just slide them over
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00025-00007386-00007684 each other here I'm gonna zoom in really
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00026-00007686-00007996 close and you'll see it right away now
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00027-00007997-00008342 it's clear this one speed map this one
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00028-00008343-00008521 is a vector so if i zoom in even a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00029-00008522-00009071 little bit further you see even if you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00030-00009072-00009227 zoom in a million times
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00031-00009228-00009599 this is crisp and clear this is fuzzy
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00032-00009600-00009892 and blurry and pixelated of course it's
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00033-00009893-00010192 pixelated little pixels so that's just
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00034-00010193-00010970 that's that's that short talk about two
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00035-00010971-00011363 types of images but basically xscape is
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00036-00011364-00011837 a vector graphic drawing program so why
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00037-00011838-00012119 would you want to use bitmaps well you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00038-00012120-00012299 could do this several things you could
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00039-00012300-00012520 use them as the basis for your further
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00040-00012521-00012863 artwork you could vectorize them you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00041-00012863-00013172 could use them in your artwork as part
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00042-00013172-00013341 of an image you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00043-00013343-00013563 edit them first let's see what the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00044-00013565-00013800 options are inside Inkscape
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00045-00013801-00014038 first off let's import an image so I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00046-00014038-00014436 going to do file import and here I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00047-00014437-00014935 gonna choose a cute cat this time when I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00048-00014936-00015571 open it now I'm gonna take the dog again
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00049-00015572-00015727 because we didn't use the dog yet
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00050-00015728-00016372 file import cute dog okay gonna open it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00051-00016372-00016611 and now the first thing he asks is what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00052-00016612-00016768 do you want to do do you want to embed
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00053-00016769-00017103 or do you want to link in the picture so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00054-00017104-00017334 what's the difference between the two if
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00055-00017335-00017550 you just store this file on your
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00056-00017551-00017730 computer and everything stays where it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00057-00017731-00017983 is there's actually not that much
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00058-00017984-00018467 difference well embed means
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00059-00018468-00018766 Inkscape will store the image
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00060-00018767-00019047 information inside your SVG file of
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00061-00019048-00019353 course if you start using a few images
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00062-00019354-00019639 or big images this will have a serious
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00063-00019640-00020008 impact on the size of your SVG file on
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00064-00020009-00020314 the other hand if you use a link it will
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00065-00020315-00020828 just create a URL inside your SVG file
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00066-00020829-00021175 that links to the location where the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00067-00021176-00021433 file is located and this can be
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00068-00021434-00021697 important because if you email your SVG
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00069-00021698-00022105 image to a colleague or a friend then
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00070-00022106-00022380 the image of the cute dog won't be there
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00071-00022381-00022668 because that image is not on the same
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00072-00022669-00022867 place on his computer and it will just
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00073-00022868-00023271 find something that's not there but for
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00074-00023272-00023455 now I'm just gonna link because I think
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00075-00023456-00023640 it works a little bit faster then it has
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00076-00023641-00023790 some more details
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00077-00023791-00024058 I usually don't touch them but you can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00078-00024059-00024186 play with with the features if you're
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00079-00024187-00024612 really into into optimizing this stuff
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00080-00024613-00024946 so I'm here I have two dog so first
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00081-00024947-00025221 things I can do is I can turn this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00082-00025222-00025650 bitmap into a vector how could I do this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00083-00025651-00025995 well you could see I'm going to try to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00084-00025997-00026376 have the shape and you can work on the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00085-00026377-00026643 fence way so you can do this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00086-00026644-00026849 in different approaches and Inkscape has
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00087-00026850-00027201 the to to to make this automatically so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00088-00027202-00027417 if you go to path if you want to know
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00089-00027418-00027531 the difference between the path and an
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00090-00027532-00027863 object go back to my first lessons and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00091-00027864-00028227 so I'm gonna use it to trace a bitmap if
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00092-00028227-00028569 I click on this I'm gonna see default
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00093-00028570-00028881 settings first so what will it do in the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00094-00028882-00029418 default setting it will try to for every
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00095-00029419-00029633 pixel to touch it will try try to make a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00096-00029635-00029904 shape out of it which is black with what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00097-00029905-00030147 is black white is white and it will put
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00098-00030148-00030504 a threshold on the color level the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00099-00030505-00030683 brightness level of the pick the image
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00100-00030685-00030987 so if you scroll I scroll up in my
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00101-00030988-00031352 scroll view you see I can change the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00102-00031354-00031644 point of threshold where I want to have
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00103-00031645-00031830 this impact if you like it like this you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00104-00031831-00032166 can do it like that so and basically
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00105-00032167-00032364 what will this do it will have one part
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00106-00032364-00032538 black I want one part that is still
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00107-00032539-00032802 transparent if you prefer you can also
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00108-00032803-00033090 work with edge detection I kinda like
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00109-00033091-00033282 this here let's see if I can tweak it a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00110-00033283-00033987 little bit more mm-hmm yeah maybe could
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00111-00033988-00034230 also say color quantization now it will
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00112-00034231-00034607 try to create four levels and draw lines
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00113-00034608-00035367 between every level of colors if you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00114-00035368-00035526 invert the image it will just make the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00115-00035527-00035763 negative sometimes this works better but
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00116-00035764-00035946 for this kind of holders it doesn't and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00117-00035947-00036276 the options you can say I'm gonna get
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00118-00036277-00036633 rid of speckles because there are a lot
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00119-00036634-00036894 of spectacles I'm going to simplify it a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00120-00036895-00037737 little bit of the market parts maybe you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00121-00037738-00037977 can hear it in in in your in the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00122-00037978-00038151 microphone but my computer is starting
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00123-00038152-00038589 to hum because this is quite a an
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00124-00038590-00038954 intensive job for the computer to do
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00125-00038955-00039402 actually I kind of like this one I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00126-00039403-00039653 going to okay and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00127-00039654-00039923 the window is still there but what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00128-00039924-00040316 happened it's on the image you see it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00129-00040317-00040991 created a trace if you want to compare
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00130-00040992-00041593 it make a second one on this this way
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00131-00041594-00041990 okay maybe you even like it like that
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00132-00041991-00042377 this way it kinda adds some some spunk
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00133-00042378-00042611 to your image I I like to combine the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00134-00042612-00042805 black and white with the original photo
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00135-00042806-00043015 but for now
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00136-00043016-00043364 so what so now we have a few approaches
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00137-00043365-00043700 so if you zoom into the ear you remember
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00138-00043701-00044075 it gets kind of fuzzy and now if you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00139-00044076-00044558 zoom into the ear here it remains crisp
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00140-00044559-00045182 and sharp this is a piece of work you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00141-00045183-00045503 can use this at whatever size it will
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00142-00045504-00045956 stay sharp it will just want to see it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00143-00045957-00046387 has some random shapes but it stays
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00144-00046388-00047138 sharp the I stays sharp and let's let's
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00145-00047139-00047252 just skip one of the two because
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00146-00047253-00047522 otherwise but what will you see if you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00147-00047523-00048026 zoom in these are really a lot of dots a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00148-00048027-00048314 lot of notes and all these notes this is
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00149-00048315-00048877 like a huge image it consists of over
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00150-00048878-00049319 6,500 notes and this this can really go
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00151-00049320-00049691 high but this way you can convert an
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00152-00049692-00049931 image into something else and you can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00153-00049932-00050186 start doing fun things you could
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00154-00050187-00050698 simplify it or for example if you see a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00155-00050699-00051515 rectangle here
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00156-00051516-00052698 a little bit smaller and you and this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00157-00052699-00053211 already you offed you took away two and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00158-00053212-00053444 a half thousand notes this way you can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00159-00053445-00053576 play with it with your image stuff you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00160-00053577-00053862 can add some color you can add a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00161-00053863-00055442 gradient and this way you can create
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00162-00055444-00055681 some simple artwork
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00163-00055682-00056004 now of course our bitmap is more than
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00164-00056004-00056300 one color so you might think I would
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00165-00056301-00056594 like to have more colors in my bitmap so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00166-00056595-00056866 I go to path I go to place bitmap and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00167-00056867-00057413 now I can you select multiple scans it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00168-00057414-00057624 will create a group of paths it actually
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00169-00057625-00057825 explained it to you say I'm going to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00170-00057826-00057932 work on it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00171-00057933-00058323 through the colors and you see it makes
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00172-00058324-00058515 like some kind of washed off image
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00173-00058516-00058718 sometimes you get a better result if
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00174-00058719-00058973 just go to the Grays because it won't
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00175-00058974-00059535 bother about the colors then we say 8 or
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00176-00059536-00060009 10 or 12 as much as you think is needed
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00177-00060010-00060462 for the detail you can create the image
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00178-00060463-00061042 and what will you see now if you do okay
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00179-00061044-00061588 to actually cover the whole picture
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00180-00061589-00062199 there's one small thing but I'll I'll
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00181-00062200-00062432 demonstrate this in another picture so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00182-00062433-00062871 now this way you can create again a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00183-00062872-00063179 vectorized image but if you if you zoom
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00184-00063180-00063441 in the eye is pretty sharp but you see
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00185-00063441-00063767 you have like all these kinds of random
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00186-00063769-00064019 shapes actually if you would ask an
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00187-00064020-00064386 artist to draw a dog vectorially he
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00188-00064387-00064691 would make it quite different he would
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00189-00064692-00064953 really off probably have more
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00190-00064954-00065358 nicely lines and he would follow the con
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00191-00065359-00065830 of the nose and the eyes this is pure
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00192-00065831-00066903 mathematical let's take a second bitmap
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00193-00066904-00067282 to sketch now from a cat so I'm gonna
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00194-00067283-00067699 link it again and this ah yeah you see
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00195-00067700-00068026 now you got it of course you you had
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00196-00068027-00068209 this course with Europe and I told you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00197-00068210-00068517 if you want to trace a bitmap just go to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00198-00068518-00068998 path Chris bitmap and I'm actually going
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00199-00068999-00069310 to do it in colors and I don't need that
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00200-00069311-00069505 much College because it's quite simple
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00201-00069506-00069841 here maybe seven or eight seven is
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00202-00069842-00070621 enough okay and I have like a wonderful
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00203-00070622-00070960 pity cat but now I have a white
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00204-00070961-00071151 background so I'm gonna get rid of it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00205-00071152-00071392 now and I'm gonna click the option
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00206-00071393-00073003 remove background apply again of course
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00207-00073004-00073243 now the kitty cat was white is also
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00208-00073244-00073441 transparent so you have to make choices
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00209-00073442-00074146 and what is this option stack scans well
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00210-00074147-00074356 I'm curious I'm just gonna take the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00211-00074357-00074695 original again and I'm going to uncheck
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00212-00074696-00075319 it and make a new trace I'm gonna close
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00213-00075320-00075775 it now so at this level you can't see
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00214-00075776-00075916 which one is the bitmap which one is the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00215-00075917-00076129 vector but this is a vector
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00216-00076130-00076369 a group of six objects this one is a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00217-00076370-00076555 vector a group of six objects what's the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00218-00076556-00077011 difference let's check it out so we're
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00219-00077012-00077669 two group so let's ungroup it so ungroup
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00220-00077670-00078008 and let's ungroup this one too so I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00221-00078009-00078416 going to take my kitty cat put up take
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00222-00078417-00078617 my did you got to move it there by what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00223-00078618-00079094 do you see here on the second layer the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00224-00079095-00079531 red layer it also ruled the kitty cat
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00225-00079532-00079975 had also drew the green kitty cat and
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00226-00079976-00080432 the pink kitty cat and light wing kitty
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00227-00080433-00080521 cat
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00228-00080522-00081002 and of course in the yellow zone it also
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00229-00081003-00081203 has all the other colors so it's a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00230-00081204-00081638 really big blob for some situation this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00231-00081639-00082037 is needed here it says the yellow is a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00232-00082038-00082289 separate part this is a separate part
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00233-00082290-00082772 this is a separate part this is so where
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00234-00082773-00082997 the colors overlap it will assume that
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00235-00082998-00083257 beneath it there is no different color I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00236-00083258-00083648 actually prefer the unstack mode it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00237-00083649-00083828 allows for better handling editing
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00238-00083829-00084239 afterwards but there I can imagine there
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00239-00084240-00084554 are reasons why you would prefer this so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00240-00084555-00084707 I'm gonna put them back in place for now
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00241-00084708-00085346 for example so now if I select the green
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00242-00085347-00085841 path I know pretty sure I can just get
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00243-00085842-00086702 rid of all this and this way I can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00244-00086703-00087035 quickly simplify my image without having
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00245-00087036-00087788 too much clutter yes and that's a second
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00246-00087789-00088226 thing about bitmaps let's get rid of
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00247-00088227-00088832 these two so now for our last thing I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00248-00088833-00089075 gonna import another kitty cat
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00249-00089076-00089522 I love kitty cats cat all look here what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00250-00089523-00089813 if you get again just the default
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00251-00089814-00090050 settings and now you have this bitmap
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00252-00090051-00090494 and with this bitmap you can apply some
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00253-00090495-00090722 filters some effects for example if I go
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00254-00090723-00091034 to filters I go to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00255-00091035-00091691 let's see where's its oil painting you
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00256-00091692-00094052 have this cute effect so for example if
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00257-00094053-00094346 you like this and you can say now I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00258-00094347-00094607 gonna use this as my starting point to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00259-00094608-00094943 crease it now if they fight and trace
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00260-00094944-00096503 pixel art place bitmap I mean currently
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00261-00096504-00096719 it traces the original I didn't know
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00262-00096720-00097250 that but now what you can do is for
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00263-00097251-00097418 example if you say I want to incorporate
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00264-00097419-00097814 this into my my house style so I have
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00265-00097815-00098186 like this logo with a Rising Sun I put
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00266-00098187-00098912 it on top I want my use it again sitting
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00267-00098913-00099200 inside the shape this is something
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00268-00099201-00099359 that's really quite common so you want
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00269-00099360-00099827 to have like a bitmap in a shape what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00270-00099828-00100040 you will do is I'm going to go I will
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00271-00100041-00100504 first select the bitmap and the shape
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00272-00100505-00101239 will see object clip I'm going to clip
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00273-00101240-00101510 but this is not what I wanted so I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00274-00101511-00101840 gonna do it again now what happened do
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00275-00101841-00102104 you know of course you know because this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00276-00102105-00102293 one was grouped you see so I'm going to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00277-00102294-00102830 ungroup it select the picture select the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00278-00102831-00103604 shape object clip set okay so now I have
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00279-00103605-00103895 my cookie to cut inside my house style
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00280-00103896-00104303 but I would like to have a black border
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00281-00104304-00104405 around this so I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00282-00104406-00104717 - here I'm going to set my stroke style
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00283-00104718-00106008 oh look thanks get crushed
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00284-00106009-00106415 so let's restart and scape this is what
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00285-00106416-00106607 nice thing about in scape if you enable
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00286-00106608-00107078 it you can actually let's see how far it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00287-00107079-00108344 got you can get back to pretty much the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00288-00108345-00108559 moment he crashed so this is like I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00289-00108560-00108956 think this is the first time in scape
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00290-00108957-00109291 scape rest for me in half year maybe
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00291-00109292-00109682 maybe even more anyways but it has this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00292-00109683-00110132 really cool autosave feature so if I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00293-00110133-00110342 want to have a black border around this
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00294-00110343-00110495 so I'm going to the fill and stroke
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00295-00110496-00111065 settings then stroke ex-student stroke
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00296-00111066-00111800 going to stroke stroke but why isn't he
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00297-00111801-00112289 showing my stroke because a clip cannot
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00298-00112290-00112584 have a stroke it's fully defined by the
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00299-00112585-00113011 image inside so what I'm going to do I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00300-00113013-00113299 going to duplicate it so edit duplicate
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00301-00113300-00113693 I'm gonna go to object again I'm gonna
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00302-00113694-00114323 release the kitty cat now and now I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00303-00114324-00114569 actually have two of the easiest I'm
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00304-00114570-00114824 gonna put this from the top and now I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00305-00114825-00115172 can have give this one the house style
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00306-00115173-00115388 I'll just leave it as it was and I have
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00307-00115389-00115861 my logo now I want to export this as a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00308-00115863-00116141 bitmap again so I'm going to select it
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00309-00116142-00116548 and I'm going to export it file export
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00310-00116549-00117211 PNG and here xscape only export as PNG
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00311-00117213-00117452 this is a decision they made and I
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00312-00117453-00117722 actually like it because PNG is a very
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00313-00117723-00117985 nice format so you can give it a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00314-00117986-00118177 resolution for example I say I'm gonna
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00315-00118178-00118735 save it at 125 dpi where I'm going to
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00316-00118736-00119958 save it I'm going to save it as kitty
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00317-00119959-00120850 style and you'll see now the image is
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00318-00120851-00122308 located Kitty style just my image here
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00319-00122309-00123431 it is of course view and this is just a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00320-00123432-00123971 PNG so you can if you zoom in of course
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00321-00123972-00124175 you will see the pixels again because
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00322-00124176-00124540 it's it's a bitmap now so you can in
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00323-00124541-00125059 escape you can save stuff as an SVG or
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00324-00125060-00125308 as a bitmap you can export it in all
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00325-00125309-00125508 different all kinds of different ways
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00326-00125509-00125831 there are some limitations to this kind
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00327-00125832-00126163 of tricks if you export to some vector
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00328-00126164-00126374 formats they don't which don't support
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00329-00126375-00126628 this you will get in trouble for example
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00330-00126629-00127124 if you save it as or let's say windows
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00331-00127125-00128300 metafile
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00332-00128301-00129279 that's it won't time let's see if I can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00333-00129280-00129594 just import it here open here and import
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00334-00129595-00130203 that you see it didn't store it hasn't
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00335-00130204-00130419 stored the clip because this feature
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00336-00130420-00130905 isn't supported by this file format so
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00337-00130906-00131145 this is a limitation but you see you can
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00338-00131146-00131337 do quite a lot and I hope you have fun
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00339-00131338-00131673 with Inkscape to process images and next
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00340-00131674-00131895 time I see you I'll talk to you about
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00341-00131896-00132246 base acres and in Lesson four
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00342-00132247-00132468 you'll be episode for you you'll be able
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00343-00132469-00132924 to see how I draw Ohio I trace or draw
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00344-00132925-00133362 manually an image in Inkscape because if
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00345-00133363-00133701 you Auto trace a local you don't get a
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00346-00133702-00134055 nice results have fun and see you next
NH0Q-_PXu_u-00347-00134056-00134340 time bye
NJqOdlOsmKI-00000-00000007-00000359 the Fajr prayer Arabic slat Alf AJR
NJqOdlOsmKI-00001-00000360-00000680 salat al fakir dawn prayer an obligatory
NJqOdlOsmKI-00002-00000681-00000935 prayer subbu prayer with - racket
NJqOdlOsmKI-00003-00000936-00001136 prescribed movements and one of the five
NJqOdlOsmKI-00004-00001137-00001331 daily prayers offered by practicing
NJqOdlOsmKI-00005-00001332-00001553 Muslims large means dawn in the Arabic
NJqOdlOsmKI-00006-00001554-00001763 language the five daily prayers
NJqOdlOsmKI-00007-00001764-00002005 collectively form one pillar of the five
NJqOdlOsmKI-00008-00002007-00002260 pillars of Islam in Sunni Islam and one
NJqOdlOsmKI-00009-00002261-00002462 of the ten practices of the religion for
NJqOdlOsmKI-00010-00002463-00002780 ooh al Din according to Shia Islam the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00011-00002781-00002972 fajr prayer is mentioned by name in the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00012-00002973-00003347 Quran at Sura 24 in newer ayah inspired
NJqOdlOsmKI-00013-00003347-00003529 by the tafsir of the two hadiths that
NJqOdlOsmKI-00014-00003530-00003679 were transmitted on behalf of the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00015-00003680-00003890 Islamic prophet Muhammad the worth of
NJqOdlOsmKI-00016-00003890-00004085 the Fajr daily prayer is explained as
NJqOdlOsmKI-00017-00004086-00004286 being God's most favored prayer since
NJqOdlOsmKI-00018-00004287-00004597 others are asleep subbu prayer requires
NJqOdlOsmKI-00019-00004598-00004895 to fard raka at in a congregation the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00020-00004896-00005138 leader of the prayer imam recites aloud
NJqOdlOsmKI-00021-00005139-00005450 however - sana raka at prior to the to
NJqOdlOsmKI-00022-00005451-00005663 fard raka at are highly recommended and
NJqOdlOsmKI-00023-00005664-00005759 should not be missed
NJqOdlOsmKI-00024-00005760-00006004 it's forbidden to pray any other prayers
NJqOdlOsmKI-00025-00006005-00006329 from the start of fajr until sunrise the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00026-00006330-00006553 time period within which the fajr daily
NJqOdlOsmKI-00027-00006554-00006709 prayer must be offered with loud
NJqOdlOsmKI-00028-00006711-00006910 recitation of the Quran is from the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00029-00006911-00007133 beginning of dawn to sunrise the call to
NJqOdlOsmKI-00030-00007134-00007313 Fajr prayer marks the beginning of the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00031-00007314-00007546 obligatory daily fasting somme during
NJqOdlOsmKI-00032-00007547-00007808 the Muslim holy month of Ramadan the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00033-00007809-00008039 Quran relates a surah al fajr by the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00034-00008040-00008453 same name
NJqOdlOsmKI-00035-00008454-00008957 topic name variations
NJqOdlOsmKI-00036-00008958-00009560 topic hadith mentioning Fajr salat
NJqOdlOsmKI-00037-00009561-00009818 the following quotations regarding thar
NJqOdlOsmKI-00038-00009819-00010052 CH the Islamic Don prayer are from books
NJqOdlOsmKI-00039-00010053-00010313 of Sunni hadith these books related
NJqOdlOsmKI-00040-00010314-00010511 taken from the life of the Islamic
NJqOdlOsmKI-00041-00010512-00010724 prophet Muhammad his family and his
NJqOdlOsmKI-00042-00010725-00011018 companions they were compiled by Islamic
NJqOdlOsmKI-00043-00011019-00011234 scholars after Muhammad's death these
NJqOdlOsmKI-00044-00011235-00011435 quotations include information about
NJqOdlOsmKI-00045-00011436-00011630 those who related the accounts as well
NJqOdlOsmKI-00046-00011631-00011915 as the accounts themselves narrated
NJqOdlOsmKI-00047-00011916-00012155 Aisha Muhammad never missed for racket
NJqOdlOsmKI-00048-00012156-00012335 before the zuhr prayer and - racket
NJqOdlOsmKI-00049-00012336-00012620 before the fajr prayer narrated abu
NJqOdlOsmKI-00050-00012621-00012896 huraira muhammad said if anyone of you
NJqOdlOsmKI-00051-00012897-00013157 can get one rack of the ASR prayer
NJqOdlOsmKI-00052-00013158-00013369 before sunset he should complete his
NJqOdlOsmKI-00053-00013370-00013697 prayer if any of you can get one rack of
NJqOdlOsmKI-00054-00013697-00013958 the fajr prayer before sunrise he should
NJqOdlOsmKI-00055-00013959-00014257 complete his prayer Sahih al-bukhari
NJqOdlOsmKI-00056-00014258-00014777 1:10 531 narrated Umar the Prophet
NJqOdlOsmKI-00057-00014778-00014984 forbade praying after the tsubu prayer
NJqOdlOsmKI-00058-00014985-00015236 till the Sun rises and after the ASR
NJqOdlOsmKI-00059-00015237-00015438 prayer till the Sun sets
NJqOdlOsmKI-00060-00015440-00016016 Sahih al-bukhari 1:10 555 Abu Hurairah
NJqOdlOsmKI-00061-00016016-00016235 stated that Muhammad had said there are
NJqOdlOsmKI-00062-00016236-00016469 angels who take turns in visiting you by
NJqOdlOsmKI-00063-00016470-00016688 night and by day and they all assemble
NJqOdlOsmKI-00064-00016689-00016889 at the dawn subbu and the afternoon
NJqOdlOsmKI-00065-00016890-00017258 backquote ASR prayers those who have
NJqOdlOsmKI-00066-00017259-00017462 spent the night with you ascend to the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00067-00017463-00017666 heaven and their rap Lord who knows
NJqOdlOsmKI-00068-00017667-00017918 better about them asks in what condition
NJqOdlOsmKI-00069-00017919-00018155 did you leave my slaves they reply we
NJqOdlOsmKI-00070-00018156-00018296 left them while they were performing
NJqOdlOsmKI-00071-00018297-00018491 salat and we went to them while they
NJqOdlOsmKI-00072-00018492-00018778 were performing salat from Al Bukhari
NJqOdlOsmKI-00073-00018779-00019127 and Muslim Aisha relates that Mohammed
NJqOdlOsmKI-00074-00019128-00019325 said about the two Rakas before Fajr
NJqOdlOsmKI-00075-00019326-00019525 prayer they are dearer to me than the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00076-00019526-00019802 whole world this is related by Muslim
NJqOdlOsmKI-00077-00019803-00020168 Ahmad intermedia mod and Muslim record
NJqOdlOsmKI-00078-00020169-00020405 that Aisha said I have never seen him
NJqOdlOsmKI-00079-00020406-00020653 Muhammad more in haste to do a good deed
NJqOdlOsmKI-00080-00020654-00020861 than he was to perform the two Rakas
NJqOdlOsmKI-00081-00020862-00021247 sunnah before the morning fajr prayer
NJqOdlOsmKI-00082-00021248-00021508 Abu Huraira reports that Muhammad said
NJqOdlOsmKI-00083-00021509-00021808 do not leave the to rack is a fajr even
NJqOdlOsmKI-00084-00021809-00022032 if you were being attacked by cavalry
NJqOdlOsmKI-00085-00022033-00022357 this is confirmed by ahmad abu dawod al
NJqOdlOsmKI-00086-00022358-00022708 bhai ki and at - ha we aisha reports
NJqOdlOsmKI-00087-00022709-00022950 that Muhammad said the two son rakha
NJqOdlOsmKI-00088-00022951-00023200 Zafar jar better than this world and all
NJqOdlOsmKI-00089-00023201-00023536 it contains this is reported by Ahmad
NJqOdlOsmKI-00090-00023537-00023922 Muslim tur median nasi Abu Hurairah
NJqOdlOsmKI-00091-00023923-00024202 reported mohammed said no solid has more
NJqOdlOsmKI-00092-00024203-00024358 burdensome to the hypocrites than the
NJqOdlOsmKI-00093-00024359-00024571 fajr dawn prayer and the backquote isha
NJqOdlOsmKI-00094-00024572-00024730 night prayer and if they knew their
NJqOdlOsmKI-00095-00024731-00024900 merits they would come to them even if
NJqOdlOsmKI-00096-00024901-00025144 they had to crawl to do so Sahih
NJqOdlOsmKI-00097-00025145-00025664 al-bukhari and sahih muslim
NJqOdlOsmKI-00098-00025666-00026006 topic see also
NJqOdlOsmKI-00099-00026007-00026194 you
NJqOdlOsmKI-00100-00026195-00026683 whoo do zoo midday prayer ASR afternoon
NJqOdlOsmKI-00101-00026685-00027124 prayer maghrib sunset prayer ayesha
NJqOdlOsmKI-00102-00027125-00027805 night prayer dhikr tasbih
NJqOdlOsmKI-00103-00027806-00028341 topic notes
NJqOdlOsmKI-00104-00028342-00028881 topic external links
NJqOdlOsmKI-00105-00028882-00029267 prayer times worldwide prayer times a
NJqOdlOsmKI-00106-00029268-00029661 guide to maintain fajr solid our fajr
NJqOdlOsmKI-00107-00029662-00029958 double advantage
NJbJRiSRCSk-00000-00000512-00000903 black holes a call black for a reason
NJbJRiSRCSk-00001-00000905-00001179 it's because they don't emit any light
NJbJRiSRCSk-00002-00001180-00001433 almost everything that we know about the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00003-00001434-00001664 universe around us we know because of
NJbJRiSRCSk-00004-00001664-00001970 light but light can't always paint the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00005-00001971-00002500 full picture you can't see everything in
NJbJRiSRCSk-00006-00002501-00002840 2015 for the first time ever we detected
NJbJRiSRCSk-00007-00002841-00003208 a collision between two black holes but
NJbJRiSRCSk-00008-00003209-00003506 we didn't see it instead it was the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00009-00003507-00003790 first time that we heard the music of
NJbJRiSRCSk-00010-00003792-00004079 gravity small ripples in the fabric of
NJbJRiSRCSk-00011-00004079-00004354 space and time called gravitational
NJbJRiSRCSk-00012-00004355-00004670 waves Albert Einstein predicted the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00013-00004671-00004847 existence of gravitational waves a
NJbJRiSRCSk-00014-00004848-00005104 hundred years ago they are created
NJbJRiSRCSk-00015-00005105-00005440 whenever masses accelerate through space
NJbJRiSRCSk-00016-00005441-00005690 gravitational wave astronomy has opened
NJbJRiSRCSk-00017-00005691-00005893 up a new window into the universe
NJbJRiSRCSk-00018-00005894-00006154 allowing us to detect things that we
NJbJRiSRCSk-00019-00006155-00006484 cannot see and in the future may help us
NJbJRiSRCSk-00020-00006486-00006752 learn about things in our universe that
NJbJRiSRCSk-00021-00006753-00007035 we don't understand very well yet
NJbJRiSRCSk-00022-00007036-00007250 gravitational wave Observatory is
NJbJRiSRCSk-00023-00007251-00007427 combine state-of-the-art technology
NJbJRiSRCSk-00024-00007428-00007570 along with the most precise measurement
NJbJRiSRCSk-00025-00007572-00007844 techniques ever developed to measure
NJbJRiSRCSk-00026-00007845-00008137 these tiny ripples in space and time as
NJbJRiSRCSk-00027-00008138-00008483 an experimental physicist I always want
NJbJRiSRCSk-00028-00008484-00008762 to measure things more accurately I have
NJbJRiSRCSk-00029-00008763-00008969 created a sensor which will help improve
NJbJRiSRCSk-00030-00008970-00009191 the performance of these gravitational
NJbJRiSRCSk-00031-00009192-00009535 wave observatory x' my sensor uses a set
NJbJRiSRCSk-00032-00009536-00009758 of torsion pendulums which move and
NJbJRiSRCSk-00033-00009759-00010106 respond to changes in gravity I use
NJbJRiSRCSk-00034-00010107-00010360 lasers to accurately measure this motion
NJbJRiSRCSk-00035-00010361-00010637 down to less than the diameter of an
NJbJRiSRCSk-00036-00010638-00011027 atom my sensor is used to characterise
NJbJRiSRCSk-00037-00011028-00011299 changes in gravity here on earth which
NJbJRiSRCSk-00038-00011300-00011492 show up as unwanted noise in the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00039-00011493-00011651 gravitational wave observatory x'
NJbJRiSRCSk-00040-00011652-00012005 looking out into space by removing the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00041-00012006-00012188 effects of these noise these
NJbJRiSRCSk-00042-00012189-00012399 observatories become more sensitive
NJbJRiSRCSk-00043-00012400-00012646 allowing them to see new types of events
NJbJRiSRCSk-00044-00012647-00012930 and to see further into our universe
NJbJRiSRCSk-00045-00012931-00013226 this fundamental science actually has
NJbJRiSRCSk-00046-00013227-00013371 real world applications
NJbJRiSRCSk-00047-00013372-00013680 well I've done modeling to show that my
NJbJRiSRCSk-00048-00013681-00013812 sensor can be used to measure the
NJbJRiSRCSk-00049-00013813-00014016 gravitational signals that are produced
NJbJRiSRCSk-00050-00014016-00014153 during the course of an earthquake
NJbJRiSRCSk-00051-00014154-00014496 before the ground begins to shake this
NJbJRiSRCSk-00052-00014497-00014819 means that my sensor can be used as an
NJbJRiSRCSk-00053-00014821-00014991 early warning system for oncoming
NJbJRiSRCSk-00054-00014991-00015210 earthquakes providing up to a couple of
NJbJRiSRCSk-00055-00015211-00015435 minutes extra warning before the arrival
NJbJRiSRCSk-00056-00015436-00015780 of seismic waves in these extra minutes
NJbJRiSRCSk-00057-00015781-00016022 you can switch off important and
NJbJRiSRCSk-00058-00016024-00016206 potentially dangerous infrastructure
NJbJRiSRCSk-00059-00016207-00016470 like a nuclear reactor you can tell
NJbJRiSRCSk-00060-00016471-00016689 people to take cover or stop a
NJbJRiSRCSk-00061-00016690-00017079 high-speed train in this way my sensor
NJbJRiSRCSk-00062-00017080-00017343 can be used to help protect important
NJbJRiSRCSk-00063-00017344-00017561 assets and save lives
NJbJRiSRCSk-00064-00017562-00017760 when there are things that we cannot see
NJbJRiSRCSk-00065-00017761-00018096 we have to open our ears we can complete
NJbJRiSRCSk-00066-00018097-00018309 our picture of the universe by listening
NJbJRiSRCSk-00067-00018310-00019432 to the music of gravity
NJbJRiSRCSk-00068-00019433-00019639 you
NpSxSQ798XE-00000-00000039-00000191 everybody it's great to have you with us
NpSxSQ798XE-00001-00000192-00000407 on the wb mason post game bob lorenz and
NpSxSQ798XE-00002-00000408-00000599 jack curry with you final of this one
NpSxSQ798XE-00003-00000600-00000815 four three and 11 yankees had to punch
NpSxSQ798XE-00004-00000816-00000966 the overtime clock he could make the
NpSxSQ798XE-00005-00000967-00001111 argument against the o's they shouldn't
NpSxSQ798XE-00006-00001112-00001335 have they did and they won it's an
NpSxSQ798XE-00007-00001336-00001535 exhale win it's a win where you're
NpSxSQ798XE-00008-00001536-00001687 relieved because of what you just said
NpSxSQ798XE-00009-00001688-00001871 bob we talked on the pregame about how
NpSxSQ798XE-00010-00001872-00002175 the orioles are 50 games under 500. you
NpSxSQ798XE-00011-00002176-00002367 can't let a team that has nothing left
NpSxSQ798XE-00012-00002368-00002607 to play for disrupt what you're trying
NpSxSQ798XE-00013-00002608-00002783 to achieve and it took 11 innings for
NpSxSQ798XE-00014-00002784-00002975 the yankees to make sure that didn't
NpSxSQ798XE-00015-00002976-00003191 happen stanton coming through with the
NpSxSQ798XE-00016-00003192-00003343 walk-off single to deliver the
NpSxSQ798XE-00017-00003344-00003519 game-winning hit but in the top of the
NpSxSQ798XE-00018-00003520-00003743 11th clay holmes did a really nice job
NpSxSQ798XE-00019-00003744-00003967 of extricating himself from a first and
NpSxSQ798XE-00020-00003968-00004206 third situation and let's not forget dj
NpSxSQ798XE-00021-00004207-00004406 lemay who tied the game in the bottom of
NpSxSQ798XE-00022-00004407-00004606 the tent to an important hit and nestor
NpSxSQ798XE-00023-00004607-00004822 cortez who put the yankees in position
NpSxSQ798XE-00024-00004823-00005086 to win by pitching effectively into the
NpSxSQ798XE-00025-00005087-00005302 sixth inning so the yankees are thrilled
NpSxSQ798XE-00026-00005303-00005502 that they got this win for many reasons
NpSxSQ798XE-00027-00005503-00005695 bob including the fact that the red sox
NpSxSQ798XE-00028-00005696-00005838 won tonight and the yankees are hanging
NpSxSQ798XE-00029-00005839-00006079 on to a one and a half game lead in that
NpSxSQ798XE-00030-00006080-00006295 top wild card spot they want to be able
NpSxSQ798XE-00031-00006296-00006486 to cement that position as they continue
NpSxSQ798XE-00032-00006487-00006800 to try and hunt down the rays
NOXPEFRBlLA-00000-00000008-00000359 so g2 sent a new mic will they also send
NOXPEFRBlLA-00001-00000360-00000711 new streamer pause chan
NOXPEFRBlLA-00002-00000712-00001119 [Music]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00003-00001120-00001710 that looks funny it's so small
NOXPEFRBlLA-00004-00001711-00002095 super army super army
NOXPEFRBlLA-00005-00002096-00004254 i'm benching reckless
NOXPEFRBlLA-00006-00004255-00004502 who was getting louder who was getting
NOXPEFRBlLA-00007-00004503-00004727 louder
NOXPEFRBlLA-00008-00004728-00004999 oh i got her panties what the [__] [__]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00009-00005000-00005054 how about you
NOXPEFRBlLA-00010-00005055-00005215 how about the car bro no no no no no no
NOXPEFRBlLA-00011-00005216-00005415 no no no no no no don't talk about like
NOXPEFRBlLA-00012-00005416-00005551 in the game it's the game sir at the
NOXPEFRBlLA-00013-00005552-00005663 game
NOXPEFRBlLA-00014-00005664-00006406 sarah in
NOXPEFRBlLA-00015-00006408-00006719 he's a rapper in the game you hear me
NOXPEFRBlLA-00016-00006720-00007255 see david
NOXPEFRBlLA-00017-00007256-00007663 i can't stop thinking about big dumpy
NOXPEFRBlLA-00018-00007664-00008483 [Music]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00019-00008484-00009278 luigi
NOXPEFRBlLA-00020-00009279-00009636 i was fighting the what
NOXPEFRBlLA-00021-00009637-00009942 [Music]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00022-00009943-00010303 god damn it is molly your shorty or what
NOXPEFRBlLA-00023-00010304-00010574 no no i just i just i ended up having
NOXPEFRBlLA-00024-00010575-00010774 she just gave me her prayers that's all
NOXPEFRBlLA-00025-00010775-00010903 really because i've heard she's telling
NOXPEFRBlLA-00026-00010904-00011433 them for a thousand each she's not [__]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00027-00011434-00011846 [Music]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00028-00011847-00013127 i have him i have him
NOXPEFRBlLA-00029-00013128-00013303 another cartoon image that's okay you
NOXPEFRBlLA-00030-00013304-00013519 guys are actually winning me back
NOXPEFRBlLA-00031-00013519-00013758 not all of you guys are cursed i'm a
NOXPEFRBlLA-00032-00013759-00013991 hundred and third whatever that
NOXPEFRBlLA-00033-00013991-00014191 but added that ends it doesn't even make
NOXPEFRBlLA-00034-00014191-00014319 any sense what the [__]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00035-00014319-00015063 is that that doesn't even make any sense
NOXPEFRBlLA-00036-00015063-00015383 it's [__] joe [__] i'm seeing it now
NOXPEFRBlLA-00037-00015384-00015807 i could turn
NOXPEFRBlLA-00038-00015808-00016103 you grew the entire rainforest with your
NOXPEFRBlLA-00039-00016104-00016375 is that what you just said
NOXPEFRBlLA-00040-00016376-00017781 like what the [__] are you smoking like
NOXPEFRBlLA-00041-00017782-00018283 [Music]
NOXPEFRBlLA-00042-00018284-00019143 okay
NOXPEFRBlLA-00043-00019144-00019391 dean i'm so excited my sister is having
NOXPEFRBlLA-00044-00019392-00019614 a baby i'm going to be a dad w
NOXPEFRBlLA-00045-00019615-00021384 nice congrats wait hold on what
NP5A0dIwLYE-00000-00000008-00000214 hey little mices do you want to watch
NP5A0dIwLYE-00001-00000215-00000478 youtube videos in discord it is too easy
NP5A0dIwLYE-00002-00000479-00000703 to code and it is in slash commands
NP5A0dIwLYE-00003-00000704-00000886 check it out oh
NP5A0dIwLYE-00004-00000888-00001103 before to start please subscribe to my
NP5A0dIwLYE-00005-00001104-00001311 channel it's free and i'll use my new
NP5A0dIwLYE-00006-00001312-00001739 body's example
NP5A0dIwLYE-00007-00001739-00002334 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00008-00002335-00002668 my
NP5A0dIwLYE-00009-00002669-00003527 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00010-00003528-00003735 our first step
NP5A0dIwLYE-00011-00003736-00003951 is downloading our required npm called
NP5A0dIwLYE-00012-00003952-00004060 as discord together
NP5A0dIwLYE-00013-00004061-00004175 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00014-00004176-00004447 the old method to make this is outdated
NP5A0dIwLYE-00015-00004448-00004670 but don't worry this method is shorter
NP5A0dIwLYE-00016-00004671-00004902 than the old one
NP5A0dIwLYE-00017-00004903-00005079 the npm and codes link are in the
NP5A0dIwLYE-00018-00005080-00005311 description
NP5A0dIwLYE-00019-00005312-00005486 but if you want to explore the other
NP5A0dIwLYE-00020-00005487-00005718 mini games code there is the npm
NP5A0dIwLYE-00021-00005719-00005850 description
NP5A0dIwLYE-00022-00005851-00007055 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00023-00007056-00007263 let's do this
NP5A0dIwLYE-00024-00007264-00007470 we should to declare the npm to make it
NP5A0dIwLYE-00025-00007472-00007710 able to use please follow my steps how
NP5A0dIwLYE-00026-00007711-00008225 i'm writing them
NP5A0dIwLYE-00027-00008226-00009374 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00028-00009375-00009599 in this part we should declare the npm
NP5A0dIwLYE-00029-00009600-00009846 as a client in that way is a bit easier
NP5A0dIwLYE-00030-00009847-00010135 to call them remember how you write the
NP5A0dIwLYE-00031-00010136-00010335 variables because if you miswrite the
NP5A0dIwLYE-00032-00010336-00010583 variable name they will throw an error
NP5A0dIwLYE-00033-00010584-00010678 with this
NP5A0dIwLYE-00034-00010679-00010878 you will make the constructor it will be
NP5A0dIwLYE-00035-00010879-00011148 explained later
NP5A0dIwLYE-00036-00011149-00011599 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00037-00011600-00011969 uh
NP5A0dIwLYE-00038-00011970-00013479 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00039-00013480-00013807 the other part the command as i said
NP5A0dIwLYE-00040-00013808-00014063 this is a slash command in my case i
NP5A0dIwLYE-00041-00014063-00014303 made some sub commands to choose between
NP5A0dIwLYE-00042-00014304-00014751 apps our npm will support other apps
NP5A0dIwLYE-00043-00014752-00014983 this constructos came from the index
NP5A0dIwLYE-00044-00014984-00015286 file remember that we declared the npm
NP5A0dIwLYE-00045-00015287-00015511 as a client so we got to go to define
NP5A0dIwLYE-00046-00015512-00015727 what voice channel we'll use to make the
NP5A0dIwLYE-00047-00015728-00015871 app invitation
NP5A0dIwLYE-00048-00015872-00016103 in this case we will make the code read
NP5A0dIwLYE-00049-00016104-00016335 our current voice channel if you are not
NP5A0dIwLYE-00050-00016336-00016583 in a voice channel the bot will warn you
NP5A0dIwLYE-00051-00016584-00016767 about it the rest of the code will
NP5A0dIwLYE-00052-00016768-00016950 return in a then that will use the nick
NP5A0dIwLYE-00053-00016951-00017165 of invite
NP5A0dIwLYE-00054-00017166-00019591 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00055-00019592-00019799 we can choose between to send the only
NP5A0dIwLYE-00056-00019800-00020086 link in a message or in an embed as well
NP5A0dIwLYE-00057-00020087-00020214 is your choice
NP5A0dIwLYE-00058-00020215-00020471 but remember you should use reply method
NP5A0dIwLYE-00059-00020472-00020791 of send the message as well
NP5A0dIwLYE-00060-00020792-00020967 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00061-00020968-00021111 we're done now
NP5A0dIwLYE-00062-00021112-00021609 our youtube together is ready to use
NP5A0dIwLYE-00063-00021610-00022895 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00064-00022896-00023063 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00065-00023064-00023379 so
NP5A0dIwLYE-00066-00023380-00024033 [Music]
NP5A0dIwLYE-00067-00024034-00024534 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00000-00000050-00000582 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00001-00000583-00000894 hello everyone
NPPIBxVzfOk-00002-00000896-00001054 one day
NPPIBxVzfOk-00003-00001055-00001491 a mom told her little son to clean his
NPPIBxVzfOk-00004-00001492-00001855 room but each time he went in
NPPIBxVzfOk-00005-00001855-00002231 he got distracted by all the toys
NPPIBxVzfOk-00006-00002232-00002607 and he put nothing away
NPPIBxVzfOk-00007-00002608-00002902 she went in and said to him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00008-00002903-00003063 stephen
NPPIBxVzfOk-00009-00003064-00003257 what did mom tell you to do
NPPIBxVzfOk-00010-00003258-00003470 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00011-00003471-00003631 clean my room
NPPIBxVzfOk-00012-00003632-00003822 he said
NPPIBxVzfOk-00013-00003823-00004143 and did you clean your room
NPPIBxVzfOk-00014-00004144-00004283 she
NPPIBxVzfOk-00015-00004284-00004519 asked no
NPPIBxVzfOk-00016-00004520-00004767 he replied quietly
NPPIBxVzfOk-00017-00004768-00004886 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00018-00004887-00005086 she disciplined him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00019-00005087-00005391 and then helped him to pray and confess
NPPIBxVzfOk-00020-00005392-00005759 his error to god and ask jesus to help
NPPIBxVzfOk-00021-00005760-00005838 him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00022-00005839-00005995 get his room cleaned
NPPIBxVzfOk-00023-00005996-00006183 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00024-00006184-00006446 he seemed to respond really well to all
NPPIBxVzfOk-00025-00006447-00006598 of this
NPPIBxVzfOk-00026-00006600-00006727 and she thought
NPPIBxVzfOk-00027-00006728-00006855 wow
NPPIBxVzfOk-00028-00006856-00007206 prayer really works
NPPIBxVzfOk-00029-00007208-00007534 but stefan just got down and sat in the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00030-00007536-00007903 middle of the room doing nothing
NPPIBxVzfOk-00031-00007904-00008223 in frustration she asked
NPPIBxVzfOk-00032-00008224-00008614 stephen what are you doing
NPPIBxVzfOk-00033-00008615-00008767 he replied
NPPIBxVzfOk-00034-00008768-00008999 just as frustrated
NPPIBxVzfOk-00035-00009000-00009159 oh mom
NPPIBxVzfOk-00036-00009160-00009439 you pray to jesus right
NPPIBxVzfOk-00037-00009440-00009783 i am waiting for him to come and help me
NPPIBxVzfOk-00038-00009784-00010327 clean my room
NPPIBxVzfOk-00039-00010328-00010583 do you hear and obey the promptings of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00040-00010584-00010742 the holy spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00041-00010743-00011127 to change your way of living
NPPIBxVzfOk-00042-00011128-00011214 or
NPPIBxVzfOk-00043-00011215-00011423 though you hear the promptings you
NPPIBxVzfOk-00044-00011424-00011551 ignore them
NPPIBxVzfOk-00045-00011552-00011638 and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00046-00011639-00011910 continue to wait for him to come
NPPIBxVzfOk-00047-00011911-00012167 and clean up the mess in your life for
NPPIBxVzfOk-00048-00012168-00012535 you
NPPIBxVzfOk-00049-00012536-00012846 saint paul in his letter to the romans
NPPIBxVzfOk-00050-00012847-00013151 a part of which we heard today
NPPIBxVzfOk-00051-00013152-00013440 speaks about two kinds of life
NPPIBxVzfOk-00052-00013441-00013591 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00053-00013591-00013719 namely
NPPIBxVzfOk-00054-00013719-00013903 the life of the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00055-00013904-00014135 and the life of the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00056-00014136-00014375 and he draws a short contrast between
NPPIBxVzfOk-00057-00014376-00014703 these two
NPPIBxVzfOk-00058-00014704-00014863 he says
NPPIBxVzfOk-00059-00014863-00015158 those who are in the flesh cannot please
NPPIBxVzfOk-00060-00015159-00015212 god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00061-00015213-00015415 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00062-00015416-00015519 but
NPPIBxVzfOk-00063-00015519-00015766 you are not in the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00064-00015768-00016191 on the contrary you are in the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00065-00016191-00016839 if only the spirit of god dwells in you
NPPIBxVzfOk-00066-00016840-00017094 what does paul mean by being in the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00067-00017095-00017247 flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00068-00017248-00017703 and being in the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00069-00017704-00018094 the word flesh means body
NPPIBxVzfOk-00070-00018095-00018303 there are many references to the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00071-00018304-00018494 in the letters of saint paul
NPPIBxVzfOk-00072-00018495-00018614 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00073-00018615-00018894 but it rarely refers to the physical
NPPIBxVzfOk-00074-00018895-00019175 body
NPPIBxVzfOk-00075-00019176-00019350 he often refers
NPPIBxVzfOk-00076-00019351-00019591 the flesh to the person
NPPIBxVzfOk-00077-00019592-00019855 who is controlled by self and the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00078-00019856-00020058 desires of the self
NPPIBxVzfOk-00079-00020059-00020294 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00080-00020295-00020550 he speaks of the whole person
NPPIBxVzfOk-00081-00020551-00020871 body mind and soul
NPPIBxVzfOk-00082-00020872-00021111 who longs and strives for the demands of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00083-00021112-00021422 the flesh or one's own desires
NPPIBxVzfOk-00084-00021423-00021727 which paul believes are destructive and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00085-00021728-00021788 sinful
NPPIBxVzfOk-00086-00021789-00022063 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00087-00022064-00022239 in his letters to the different
NPPIBxVzfOk-00088-00022240-00022375 communities
NPPIBxVzfOk-00089-00022376-00022503 he mentions
NPPIBxVzfOk-00090-00022504-00022711 different people having different
NPPIBxVzfOk-00091-00022712-00022958 destructive forces in them
NPPIBxVzfOk-00092-00022959-00023078 such as
NPPIBxVzfOk-00093-00023079-00023214 pride
NPPIBxVzfOk-00094-00023215-00023367 ambition
NPPIBxVzfOk-00095-00023368-00023494 greed
NPPIBxVzfOk-00096-00023495-00023639 hatred
NPPIBxVzfOk-00097-00023640-00023775 envy
NPPIBxVzfOk-00098-00023776-00023919 arrogance
NPPIBxVzfOk-00099-00023920-00024286 lust and so on
NPPIBxVzfOk-00100-00024287-00024607 he therefore points out that people who
NPPIBxVzfOk-00101-00024608-00024878 are ruled by their sinful selves or
NPPIBxVzfOk-00102-00024879-00025511 desires of the flesh cannot please god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00103-00025512-00025822 in contrast to the concept of the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00104-00025823-00025958 paul says
NPPIBxVzfOk-00105-00025960-00026318 that the spirit is dominated by the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00106-00026319-00026694 spirit of god and god's desires
NPPIBxVzfOk-00107-00026695-00026887 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00108-00026888-00027295 the spirit of god is the holy spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00109-00027295-00027614 which proceeds equally from the father
NPPIBxVzfOk-00110-00027616-00027814 and from the son
NPPIBxVzfOk-00111-00027816-00027918 and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00112-00027919-00028183 the spirit of god desires
NPPIBxVzfOk-00113-00028183-00028367 that we embrace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00114-00028368-00028583 love forgiveness
NPPIBxVzfOk-00115-00028583-00028711 compassion
NPPIBxVzfOk-00116-00028712-00028823 patience
NPPIBxVzfOk-00117-00028824-00028943 kindness
NPPIBxVzfOk-00118-00028944-00029358 generosity faithfulness self-control and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00119-00029360-00029646 peace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00120-00029647-00029951 hence he tells us that only those who
NPPIBxVzfOk-00121-00029952-00030111 are in the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00122-00030112-00030383 or seek what god desires
NPPIBxVzfOk-00123-00030383-00030718 can please god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00124-00030719-00030831 in short
NPPIBxVzfOk-00125-00030832-00031199 as jesus said it is mercy that god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00126-00031200-00031687 desires more than sacrifice
NPPIBxVzfOk-00127-00031688-00031974 paul then goes on to observe
NPPIBxVzfOk-00128-00031975-00032183 whoever does not have the spirit of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00129-00032183-00032468 christ does not belong to him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00130-00032469-00032758 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00131-00032760-00032935 paul reminds us
NPPIBxVzfOk-00132-00032936-00033231 that the sacrament of baptism alone is
NPPIBxVzfOk-00133-00033232-00033399 insufficient
NPPIBxVzfOk-00134-00033400-00033655 and that we must have the spirit of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00135-00033656-00033983 christ within us to belong to him and to
NPPIBxVzfOk-00136-00033984-00034264 be a member of the church his body
NPPIBxVzfOk-00137-00034265-00034511 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00138-00034512-00034662 in other words
NPPIBxVzfOk-00139-00034663-00034902 a true christian is one
NPPIBxVzfOk-00140-00034903-00035231 who has the spirit of christ within him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00141-00035232-00035462 and listens to the promptings of the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00142-00035463-00035582 spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00143-00035583-00035718 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00144-00035719-00035999 if we do not obey the promptings of the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00145-00036000-00036135 spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00146-00036136-00036483 who is a special gift given to us at
NPPIBxVzfOk-00147-00036484-00036830 baptism we may lose the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00148-00036831-00036999 and as a result
NPPIBxVzfOk-00149-00037000-00037430 we do not belong to christ
NPPIBxVzfOk-00150-00037431-00037535 however
NPPIBxVzfOk-00151-00037536-00037623 paul
NPPIBxVzfOk-00152-00037624-00038135 encourages us to remain in christ
NPPIBxVzfOk-00153-00038136-00038287 he says
NPPIBxVzfOk-00154-00038288-00038583 but if christ is in you
NPPIBxVzfOk-00155-00038584-00038990 although the body is dead because of sin
NPPIBxVzfOk-00156-00038991-00039255 the spirit is alive because of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00157-00039256-00039413 righteousness
NPPIBxVzfOk-00158-00039414-00039607 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00159-00039608-00039911 what he means is that a true christian
NPPIBxVzfOk-00160-00039912-00040143 may struggle against the sins of the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00161-00040144-00040246 flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00162-00040247-00040511 and give into or succumb to the demands
NPPIBxVzfOk-00163-00040512-00040759 of the flesh on occasions
NPPIBxVzfOk-00164-00040760-00040967 but the spirit of god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00165-00040968-00041262 is still in the person
NPPIBxVzfOk-00166-00041263-00041535 because of the person's faithfulness and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00167-00041536-00041771 remorse for sin
NPPIBxVzfOk-00168-00041772-00041935 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00169-00041936-00042230 the indwelling of the holy spirit is
NPPIBxVzfOk-00170-00042231-00042590 promised to those who love christ and
NPPIBxVzfOk-00171-00042591-00042865 ask for the forgiveness for sins
NPPIBxVzfOk-00172-00042866-00043030 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00173-00043031-00043230 as jesus said
NPPIBxVzfOk-00174-00043231-00043502 god indeed comes to call
NPPIBxVzfOk-00175-00043503-00043711 not the upright
NPPIBxVzfOk-00176-00043712-00044007 but the sinners
NPPIBxVzfOk-00177-00044008-00044302 he loves those who truly seek
NPPIBxVzfOk-00178-00044303-00044774 forgiveness for sin
NPPIBxVzfOk-00179-00044775-00045023 paul then warns the christians of the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00180-00045024-00045455 danger of following the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00181-00045456-00045727 consequently brothers and sisters we are
NPPIBxVzfOk-00182-00045728-00045967 not debtors to the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00183-00045968-00046311 to live according to the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00184-00046312-00046615 for if you live according to the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00185-00046616-00046724 you will die
NPPIBxVzfOk-00186-00046725-00046918 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00187-00046919-00047015 but
NPPIBxVzfOk-00188-00047016-00047295 if by the spirit you put to death the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00189-00047296-00047486 deeds of the body
NPPIBxVzfOk-00190-00047487-00047683 you will
NPPIBxVzfOk-00191-00047684-00047871 live
NPPIBxVzfOk-00192-00047872-00048167 paul's point is that we owe nothing to
NPPIBxVzfOk-00193-00048168-00048486 the flesh but owe everything to the holy
NPPIBxVzfOk-00194-00048487-00048558 spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00195-00048559-00048711 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00196-00048712-00048839 because
NPPIBxVzfOk-00197-00048840-00049095 while the works of the flesh lead us to
NPPIBxVzfOk-00198-00049096-00049399 unhappiness misery and death
NPPIBxVzfOk-00199-00049400-00049646 the deeds of the spirit lead us to
NPPIBxVzfOk-00200-00049647-00049830 happiness peace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00201-00049831-00050151 and a life of grace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00202-00050152-00050367 to those who live according to the
NPPIBxVzfOk-00203-00050368-00050527 spirit of god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00204-00050528-00050735 two precious gifts are given
NPPIBxVzfOk-00205-00050736-00050911 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00206-00050912-00051079 one
NPPIBxVzfOk-00207-00051080-00051558 the spirit makes us children of god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00208-00051559-00051823 as his children we have an intimate
NPPIBxVzfOk-00209-00051824-00052246 relationship with our god the father
NPPIBxVzfOk-00210-00052247-00052430 we have the special privilege of
NPPIBxVzfOk-00211-00052432-00052807 speaking to him and calling him abba
NPPIBxVzfOk-00212-00052808-00053023 father
NPPIBxVzfOk-00213-00053024-00053430 we can tell him our joys and sorrows
NPPIBxVzfOk-00214-00053432-00053719 we can confidently go to him with our
NPPIBxVzfOk-00215-00053720-00053995 troubles trials and fears
NPPIBxVzfOk-00216-00053996-00054166 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00217-00054167-00054229 2
NPPIBxVzfOk-00218-00054230-00054350 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00219-00054351-00054782 the spirit makes us heirs of god
NPPIBxVzfOk-00220-00054783-00054942 as heirs
NPPIBxVzfOk-00221-00054944-00055094 we are given
NPPIBxVzfOk-00222-00055095-00055199 love
NPPIBxVzfOk-00223-00055200-00055294 peace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00224-00055295-00055823 and all that belongs to god our father
NPPIBxVzfOk-00225-00055824-00055966 friends
NPPIBxVzfOk-00226-00055967-00056335 let us examine our life today
NPPIBxVzfOk-00227-00056336-00056654 are you living according to the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00228-00056655-00056982 or according to the spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00229-00056983-00057238 if you are living in the flesh
NPPIBxVzfOk-00230-00057239-00057575 then remember the warning of poor
NPPIBxVzfOk-00231-00057576-00057871 that we bring condemnation and death
NPPIBxVzfOk-00232-00057872-00058175 upon ourselves
NPPIBxVzfOk-00233-00058176-00058550 we deprive ourselves of our own peace
NPPIBxVzfOk-00234-00058551-00058882 joy and life
NPPIBxVzfOk-00235-00058883-00059230 however we can seek forgiveness for our
NPPIBxVzfOk-00236-00059232-00059335 sins
NPPIBxVzfOk-00237-00059336-00059630 through jesus christ and enter into a
NPPIBxVzfOk-00238-00059632-00060135 new way of life through the holy spirit
NPPIBxVzfOk-00239-00060136-00060463 if you are living in the spirit then let
NPPIBxVzfOk-00240-00060464-00060782 us rejoice and praise the lord
NPPIBxVzfOk-00241-00060783-00061103 and strive for more peace and life in
NPPIBxVzfOk-00242-00061104-00061238 him
NPPIBxVzfOk-00243-00061239-00061463 amen
NPPIBxVzfOk-00244-00061464-00061735 god bless you
NPPIBxVzfOk-00245-00061736-00062335 [Music]
NPPIBxVzfOk-00246-00062336-00062544 you
NRhjayM_Knk-00000-00000000-00000064 foreign
NRhjayM_Knk-00001-00000065-00000841 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00002-00000842-00001025 maker Beats
NRhjayM_Knk-00003-00001026-00002603 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00004-00002604-00003338 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00005-00003339-00003886 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00006-00003888-00004162 foreign
NRhjayM_Knk-00007-00004163-00005431 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00008-00005432-00005711 maker Beats
NRhjayM_Knk-00009-00005712-00007084 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00010-00007086-00007345 foreign
NRhjayM_Knk-00011-00007345-00007870 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00012-00007870-00010571 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00013-00010572-00011007 foreign
NRhjayM_Knk-00014-00011008-00012517 [Music]
NRhjayM_Knk-00015-00012518-00012811 maker Beats
NRhjayM_Knk-00016-00012812-00013754 [Music]
NTJYDwMZOv4-00000-00000011-00000324 [Applause]
NTJYDwMZOv4-00001-00000325-00000850 [Music]
NTJYDwMZOv4-00002-00000851-00001151 thank you
NUgsfJr3vxy-00000-00001826-00001997 Security's a lot of the car insurance
NUgsfJr3vxy-00001-00001998-00002201 most people don't want to pay for it I
NUgsfJr3vxy-00002-00002202-00002423 agree with some people don't well wait
NUgsfJr3vxy-00003-00002424-00002663 for it so here's the thing for me I
NUgsfJr3vxy-00004-00002664-00002813 don't mind paying for car insurance
NUgsfJr3vxy-00005-00002814-00002990 because it means that if I destroy my
NUgsfJr3vxy-00006-00002991-00003229 car or I get stolen I get you get your
NUgsfJr3vxy-00007-00003230-00003359 money back and then it's fine it's like
NUgsfJr3vxy-00008-00003360-00003572 this sort of an investment the thing
NUgsfJr3vxy-00009-00003572-00003677 that I don't like about it is I'm not
NUgsfJr3vxy-00010-00003678-00003869 gonna read the massive fifty page long
NUgsfJr3vxy-00011-00003870-00004006 legal document they send you in the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00012-00004007-00004195 process of getting said car insurance
NUgsfJr3vxy-00013-00004196-00004409 that's it like I'm fine with it
NUgsfJr3vxy-00014-00004410-00004604 happening like the payment going out to
NUgsfJr3vxy-00015-00004605-00005000 get it it's everything around it I don't
NUgsfJr3vxy-00016-00005001-00005161 ever read those agreements I I'm not
NUgsfJr3vxy-00017-00005162-00005311 even committed enough to read the iTunes
NUgsfJr3vxy-00018-00005312-00005579 License Agreement so and yeah that's
NUgsfJr3vxy-00019-00005580-00005722 basically exactly the same thing as I've
NUgsfJr3vxy-00020-00005723-00005911 done for my site like the whole point of
NUgsfJr3vxy-00021-00005912-00006191 SSL is to keep users secure and like
NUgsfJr3vxy-00022-00006192-00006347 Service Worker it does actually make a
NUgsfJr3vxy-00023-00006348-00006571 lot of sense yep cuz like you're gonna
NUgsfJr3vxy-00024-00006572-00006755 have something controlling a page in the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00025-00006756-00006889 background and if someone can get in the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00026-00006890-00007019 middle and then like to swap out Service
NUgsfJr3vxy-00027-00007020-00007292 Worker wait addy osmani com4 slash bug
NUgsfJr3vxy-00028-00007293-00007505 could go straight to my site my blog
NUgsfJr3vxy-00029-00007506-00007970 posts I could steal all your address
NUgsfJr3vxy-00030-00007970-00008189 with you if anything would probably be
NUgsfJr3vxy-00031-00008190-00008452 improvement in content quality not true
NUgsfJr3vxy-00032-00008453-00008785 but the I can understand the main point
NUgsfJr3vxy-00033-00008786-00008933 of it the problem I have with all of
NUgsfJr3vxy-00034-00008934-00009149 this is like it's really hard to learn
NUgsfJr3vxy-00035-00009150-00009385 about SSL aid like there's tons of old
NUgsfJr3vxy-00036-00009386-00009587 content yeah this is how you setup us to
NUgsfJr3vxy-00037-00009588-00009785 sell on your site it's useful but it's
NUgsfJr3vxy-00038-00009786-00010052 old yeah and then secondly there were so
NUgsfJr3vxy-00039-00010053-00010246 many different factors to the whole
NUgsfJr3vxy-00040-00010247-00010499 thing so I was trying to set this stuff
NUgsfJr3vxy-00041-00010500-00010649 up on my site and it I don't even
NUgsfJr3vxy-00042-00010650-00010880 default to the HTTPS just yet because
NUgsfJr3vxy-00043-00010881-00011006 they're still like I still don't know
NUgsfJr3vxy-00044-00011007-00011206 how to handle all the mixed content
NUgsfJr3vxy-00045-00011207-00011389 security warnings I'm getting from the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00046-00011390-00011521 third parties I'm loading like widgets
NUgsfJr3vxy-00047-00011522-00011798 and sheer buttons in from yeah and it's
NUgsfJr3vxy-00048-00011799-00011933 like all the tooling around this is sort
NUgsfJr3vxy-00049-00011934-00012110 of a minefield it's me and I find it
NUgsfJr3vxy-00050-00012111-00012256 I've been it hard to navigate those
NUgsfJr3vxy-00051-00012257-00012548 waters so I've literally I I've done
NUgsfJr3vxy-00052-00012549-00012805 numerous like steps into how I got it on
NUgsfJr3vxy-00053-00012806-00013055 my site and even then like I've got
NUgsfJr3vxy-00054-00013056-00013203 issues so the first one was like
NUgsfJr3vxy-00055-00013204-00013497 SSL labs you just bung in your URL and
NUgsfJr3vxy-00056-00013497-00013677 it will look at your site and figure out
NUgsfJr3vxy-00057-00013678-00014025 with like HTTP redirects a GPS and just
NUgsfJr3vxy-00058-00014026-00014200 the configuration of HTTP on your site
NUgsfJr3vxy-00059-00014201-00014577 so if I bang in gaunt face comm in SSL
NUgsfJr3vxy-00060-00014578-00014825 labs I was at one point getting a
NUgsfJr3vxy-00061-00014826-00015008 glorious a plus which is very happy
NUgsfJr3vxy-00062-00015009-00015263 about and now I have been downgraded to
NUgsfJr3vxy-00063-00015265-00015614 a C have you changed your site a lot new
NUgsfJr3vxy-00064-00015615-00015933 so has this their own way of said that
NUgsfJr3vxy-00065-00015934-00016094 what's happened is is there was the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00066-00016095-00016413 poodle vulnerability yes and I think
NUgsfJr3vxy-00067-00016414-00016658 that's basically all through SSL 3 and
NUgsfJr3vxy-00068-00016659-00017100 I've still got SSL 3 support um I see on
NUgsfJr3vxy-00069-00017101-00017277 my site so even though everything is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00070-00017278-00017459 actually doing really well like hundred
NUgsfJr3vxy-00071-00017460-00017652 and ninety s for like the scores on each
NUgsfJr3vxy-00072-00017653-00017877 like top-level topic they've capped me
NUgsfJr3vxy-00073-00017878-00018171 to a C because of SSL 3 and poodle I
NUgsfJr3vxy-00074-00018172-00018405 guess it's cool that they're keeping it
NUgsfJr3vxy-00075-00018406-00018603 up-to-date yes this is the nice thing is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00076-00018604-00018747 you can keep on regularly running
NUgsfJr3vxy-00077-00018748-00018825 through this and it will keep it
NUgsfJr3vxy-00078-00018826-00019019 up-to-date and track everything yeah
NUgsfJr3vxy-00079-00019020-00019253 really nice thing with this is it's
NUgsfJr3vxy-00080-00019254-00019386 really good like it's a ton of
NUgsfJr3vxy-00081-00019387-00019628 information like possibly too much but
NUgsfJr3vxy-00082-00019629-00019844 the same time it things like protocols
NUgsfJr3vxy-00083-00019845-00020103 it's saying do you support SSL - no
NUgsfJr3vxy-00084-00020104-00020427 useful SSL 3 yes it's insecure these are
NUgsfJr3vxy-00085-00020428-00020553 the cipher suites that you have in Italy
NUgsfJr3vxy-00086-00020554-00020690 if there's one particular thing that
NUgsfJr3vxy-00087-00020691-00020837 it's like this is actually really like a
NUgsfJr3vxy-00088-00020838-00021050 bad practice it highlights it and then
NUgsfJr3vxy-00089-00021051-00021275 you can least go and Google and find out
NUgsfJr3vxy-00090-00021276-00021518 the problem so this was the first thing
NUgsfJr3vxy-00091-00021519-00021683 that I found I was like sweet these are
NUgsfJr3vxy-00092-00021684-00021828 all the places that I suck and overall
NUgsfJr3vxy-00093-00021829-00022259 I'm doing bad well or whatever the best
NUgsfJr3vxy-00094-00022260-00022611 thing I found after this was the Mozilla
NUgsfJr3vxy-00095-00022612-00022886 SSL configuration generator and this
NUgsfJr3vxy-00096-00022887-00023208 thing is a godsend the do all our crew
NUgsfJr3vxy-00097-00023209-00023486 just soaked it so basically one of the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00098-00023487-00023643 issues that have was like how do I know
NUgsfJr3vxy-00099-00023644-00023918 what a good SSL cipher suite is and
NUgsfJr3vxy-00100-00023919-00024137 that's not allowed to tell you good bad
NUgsfJr3vxy-00101-00024138-00024243 the problem is it doesn't necessarily
NUgsfJr3vxy-00102-00024244-00024399 tell you the right names to put in your
NUgsfJr3vxy-00103-00024400-00024722 configuration file enter in Mozilla SSL
NUgsfJr3vxy-00104-00024723-00024861 conflict generator so you can select
NUgsfJr3vxy-00105-00024862-00025181 like Apache or nginx you can select what
NUgsfJr3vxy-00106-00025182-00025350 sort of browser support you want so you
NUgsfJr3vxy-00107-00025351-00025514 can be like really harsh and be like if
NUgsfJr3vxy-00108-00025515-00025739 there's an old browser that requires XYZ
NUgsfJr3vxy-00109-00025740-00025962 to work you can just basically say sorry
NUgsfJr3vxy-00110-00025963-00026169 I'm not going to support that for
NUgsfJr3vxy-00111-00026170-00026367 security reasons or whatever else
NUgsfJr3vxy-00112-00026368-00026529 and it literally just gives you the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00113-00026530-00026748 config file like everything just set up
NUgsfJr3vxy-00114-00026749-00026856 that's awesome
NUgsfJr3vxy-00115-00026857-00027030 so I'm looking at it and already the SSL
NUgsfJr3vxy-00116-00027031-00027261 protocol doesn't include SSL 3 which is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00117-00027262-00027464 why I'm an asset well - poodle so all I
NUgsfJr3vxy-00118-00027466-00027687 have to do is literally copy this back
NUgsfJr3vxy-00119-00027688-00027845 over and I'm good to go
NUgsfJr3vxy-00120-00027847-00028164 then very recently the past week or so
NUgsfJr3vxy-00121-00028164-00028404 yeah someone introduced me to HTTP
NUgsfJr3vxy-00122-00028405-00028542 security report com
NUgsfJr3vxy-00123-00028543-00028733 it's just be security report of that guy
NUgsfJr3vxy-00124-00028735-00029049 ok what does it do so it literally is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00125-00029050-00029235 very similar to us as our labs it's kind
NUgsfJr3vxy-00126-00029236-00029337 of nice because it gives you an even
NUgsfJr3vxy-00127-00029338-00029523 higher level of like overview of where
NUgsfJr3vxy-00128-00029524-00029754 you're doing well on your site but this
NUgsfJr3vxy-00129-00029755-00029921 looks a slightly different things like
NUgsfJr3vxy-00130-00029922-00030105 I've never considered the content
NUgsfJr3vxy-00131-00030106-00030354 security policy of my site which is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00132-00030355-00030483 things like if you're pulling in
NUgsfJr3vxy-00133-00030483-00030683 third-party resources like Google Fonts
NUgsfJr3vxy-00134-00030683-00030960 you can basically say if I have a CSP
NUgsfJr3vxy-00135-00030961-00031176 policy which excludes that it won't load
NUgsfJr3vxy-00136-00031177-00031362 even though I called it in and my web
NUgsfJr3vxy-00137-00031363-00031583 page so video makes content thing you
NUgsfJr3vxy-00138-00031584-00031761 could sit there and say CSP is just a
NUgsfJr3vxy-00139-00031762-00031977 DDoS money calm that would just get shot
NUgsfJr3vxy-00140-00031977-00032310 down which is not what you want but it's
NUgsfJr3vxy-00141-00032311-00032471 an interesting point that I've never
NUgsfJr3vxy-00142-00032472-00032649 even considered as a thing until I use
NUgsfJr3vxy-00143-00032650-00033039 this tool this tool is need the the
NUgsfJr3vxy-00144-00033040-00033368 current default like non-aspirin my site
NUgsfJr3vxy-00145-00033369-00033795 is getting a very very respectable 17
NUgsfJr3vxy-00146-00033796-00034062 out of 100 at the moment that's good
NUgsfJr3vxy-00147-00034063-00034329 it's it's it's great I'm guessing 17 out
NUgsfJr3vxy-00148-00034330-00034764 of 104 of them 20 just saying let's go
NUgsfJr3vxy-00149-00034765-00035073 with that and the HTTPS version is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00150-00035074-00035424 getting a solid 51 nice that that's not
NUgsfJr3vxy-00151-00035425-00035724 too bad like I'm I'm only on 62 so I've
NUgsfJr3vxy-00152-00035725-00035949 got some work to do but the interesting
NUgsfJr3vxy-00153-00035950-00036068 thing with this is it actually picks out
NUgsfJr3vxy-00154-00036069-00036273 things like web framework information
NUgsfJr3vxy-00155-00036274-00036567 and that's things like Oh PHP is
NUgsfJr3vxy-00156-00036568-00036711 actually saying this is a version of PHP
NUgsfJr3vxy-00157-00036712-00036887 you support or you're actually on
NUgsfJr3vxy-00158-00036888-00037182 version X's of engine X which again I
NUgsfJr3vxy-00159-00037183-00037380 wouldn't have ever thought of looking
NUgsfJr3vxy-00160-00037381-00037605 into because in my head I wouldn't
NUgsfJr3vxy-00161-00037606-00037824 expect those tools to be sharing that
NUgsfJr3vxy-00162-00037825-00037983 kind of information by default you know
NUgsfJr3vxy-00163-00037984-00038258 let alone it be a security issue anyway
NUgsfJr3vxy-00164-00038259-00038592 but those three things I found immensely
NUgsfJr3vxy-00165-00038593-00038793 helpful when is I'm using the basic to
NUgsfJr3vxy-00166-00038794-00038910 guide where I spend all my time and
NUgsfJr3vxy-00167-00038911-00039258 effort and work it sounds good
NYKHTpf6YKI-00000-00000046-00000300 the Kashmir Valley also known as the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00001-00000301-00000488 Vale of Kashmir is a valley in the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00002-00000490-00000621 portion of the Kashmir region
NYKHTpf6YKI-00003-00000622-00000887 administered by India the valley is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00004-00000888-00001098 bounded on the southwest by the Pir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00005-00001099-00001293 Panjal range and on the northeast by the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00006-00001294-00001604 main himalayas range it is approximately
NYKHTpf6YKI-00007-00001605-00001943 135 kilometres long and 32 kilometers
NYKHTpf6YKI-00008-00001944-00002105 wide and drained by the Jhelum River
NYKHTpf6YKI-00009-00002106-00002315 Kashmir Division as one of the three
NYKHTpf6YKI-00010-00002316-00002505 administrative divisions of the Indian
NYKHTpf6YKI-00011-00002506-00002796 state of Jammu and Kashmir the kashmir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00012-00002797-00002996 division borders Jammu division to the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00013-00002997-00003179 south and Ladakh to the east while line
NYKHTpf6YKI-00014-00003180-00003356 of control forms its northern and the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00015-00003357-00003638 western border the division consists of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00016-00003639-00003797 the following districts Anantnag
NYKHTpf6YKI-00017-00003798-00004074 Baramulla budge 'm Vandy poor Gander
NYKHTpf6YKI-00018-00004075-00004341 bull Kupwara Col gyum pol wama shop ian
NYKHTpf6YKI-00019-00004342-00004772 and Srinagar
NYKHTpf6YKI-00020-00004773-00005219 topic history
NYKHTpf6YKI-00021-00005220-00005393 in the first half of the first
NYKHTpf6YKI-00022-00005394-00005615 millennium the Kashmir region became an
NYKHTpf6YKI-00023-00005616-00005816 important center of Hinduism and later
NYKHTpf6YKI-00024-00005817-00006017 of Buddhism later still in the 9th
NYKHTpf6YKI-00025-00006018-00006418 century Kashmir Shaivism arose in 13:39
NYKHTpf6YKI-00026-00006419-00006653 Shan Mir became the first Muslim ruler
NYKHTpf6YKI-00027-00006654-00006871 of Kashmir inaugurating the salad and I
NYKHTpf6YKI-00028-00006872-00007195 Kashmir Swati dynasty for the next five
NYKHTpf6YKI-00029-00007197-00007456 centuries Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00030-00007458-00007640 including the Mughals who ruled from
NYKHTpf6YKI-00031-00007641-00008023 1526 until 1751 and the Afghan Durrani
NYKHTpf6YKI-00032-00008025-00008414 Empire which ruled from 1747 until 1819
NYKHTpf6YKI-00033-00008415-00008714 that year the Sikhs under Ranjit Singh
NYKHTpf6YKI-00034-00008715-00009104 annexed Kashmir in 1846 after the sikh
NYKHTpf6YKI-00035-00009105-00009323 defeat in the first anglo-sikh war and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00036-00009324-00009503 upon the purchase of the region from the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00037-00009504-00009704 British under the Treaty of Amritsar the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00038-00009705-00009953 Raja of Jammu gulab Singh became the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00039-00009954-00010115 ruler of a new state of Jammu and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00040-00010116-00010385 Kashmir the rule of his descendants
NYKHTpf6YKI-00041-00010386-00010604 under the paramountcy or tutelage of the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00042-00010605-00010979 British crown lasted until 1947 in that
NYKHTpf6YKI-00043-00010980-00011183 year facing a rebellion in the western
NYKHTpf6YKI-00044-00011184-00011348 districts of the state as well as an
NYKHTpf6YKI-00045-00011349-00011573 invasion by Pashtun tribes instigated by
NYKHTpf6YKI-00046-00011574-00011816 the Dominion of Pakistan the Maharaja of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00047-00011817-00012016 the princely state signed the Instrument
NYKHTpf6YKI-00048-00012017-00012194 of Accession joining the Dominion of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00049-00012195-00012488 India subsequently he transferred power
NYKHTpf6YKI-00050-00012489-00012698 to a popular government headed by Sheikh
NYKHTpf6YKI-00051-00012699-00012997 Abdullah following this a war ensued
NYKHTpf6YKI-00052-00012999-00013163 between India and Pakistan
NYKHTpf6YKI-00053-00013163-00013418 the territory of the state however has
NYKHTpf6YKI-00054-00013419-00013625 been the center of a dispute ever since
NYKHTpf6YKI-00055-00013626-00013808 now administered by three countries
NYKHTpf6YKI-00056-00013809-00014030 India Pakistan and the People's Republic
NYKHTpf6YKI-00057-00014031-00014279 of China the latter having taken control
NYKHTpf6YKI-00058-00014280-00014716 of Aksai Chin in 1964 Kashmir Valley is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00059-00014718-00014924 however fully under the control of India
NYKHTpf6YKI-00060-00014925-00015338 and is about 15948 square kilometres in
NYKHTpf6YKI-00061-00015338-00015566 area which is about 15 point seven three
NYKHTpf6YKI-00062-00015566-00015791 percent of the total area under Indian
NYKHTpf6YKI-00063-00015791-00016144 control
NYKHTpf6YKI-00064-00016144-00016684 topic demographics
NYKHTpf6YKI-00065-00016685-00016915 the major ethnic group of Kashmir Valley
NYKHTpf6YKI-00066-00016916-00017113 are Kashmiri Xand they speak the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00067-00017114-00017332 Kashmiri language smaller
NYKHTpf6YKI-00068-00017333-00017518 ethno-linguistic groups include the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00069-00017519-00017716 Gujjars and big car walls who mostly
NYKHTpf6YKI-00070-00017717-00017904 live along mountain ranges of the valley
NYKHTpf6YKI-00071-00017905-00018147 the valley has a Muslim majority
NYKHTpf6YKI-00072-00018148-00018417 population and Islam is practiced by
NYKHTpf6YKI-00073-00018418-00018721 97.1 6% of the population with the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00074-00018722-00019074 remaining being Hindus 1.8 4 % Sikhs
NYKHTpf6YKI-00075-00019075-00019621 0.88% Buddhists 0.11% and others the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00076-00019622-00019834 principle spoken languages in the valley
NYKHTpf6YKI-00077-00019835-00020065 are Kashmiri and are do with ado being
NYKHTpf6YKI-00078-00020066-00020338 the official language many speakers of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00079-00020339-00020527 these languages also know English as a
NYKHTpf6YKI-00080-00020528-00020943 second language
NYKHTpf6YKI-00081-00020944-00021380 topic districts
NYKHTpf6YKI-00082-00021381-00021617 Kashmere division consists of ten
NYKHTpf6YKI-00083-00021618-00021965 districts
NYKHTpf6YKI-00084-00021966-00022215 topic cities
NYKHTpf6YKI-00085-00022216-00022434 you
NYKHTpf6YKI-00086-00022435-00022704 Srinagar is its main city and also the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00087-00022705-00022965 summer capital of the state other main
NYKHTpf6YKI-00088-00022966-00023223 cities are Baramulla and whare so poor
NYKHTpf6YKI-00089-00023224-00023773 Anantnag ganderville etc
NYKHTpf6YKI-00090-00023774-00024220 topic politics
NYKHTpf6YKI-00091-00024221-00024442 the major political parties in the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00092-00024443-00024631 region are the national conference the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00093-00024632-00024793 Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic
NYKHTpf6YKI-00094-00024794-00024982 Party and the Congress
NYKHTpf6YKI-00095-00024983-00025234 Srinagar in the valley as the summer
NYKHTpf6YKI-00096-00025235-00025399 capital of the state of Jammu and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00097-00025400-00025666 Kashmir the capital moves out of the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00098-00025667-00025876 valley in the winter to Jammu in a grand
NYKHTpf6YKI-00099-00025877-00026427 ceremony called durbar move
NYKHTpf6YKI-00100-00026427-00026920 topic climate
NYKHTpf6YKI-00101-00026920-00027151 Kashmir Valley has a moderate climate
NYKHTpf6YKI-00102-00027152-00027343 which is largely defined by its
NYKHTpf6YKI-00103-00027344-00027537 geographic location with the towering
NYKHTpf6YKI-00104-00027538-00027751 Karakoram range in the north Pir Panjal
NYKHTpf6YKI-00105-00027752-00028005 range in the south and west and Zanskar
NYKHTpf6YKI-00106-00028006-00028255 range in the east it can be generally
NYKHTpf6YKI-00107-00028256-00028432 described as cool in the spring and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00108-00028433-00028627 autumn mild in the summer and cold in
NYKHTpf6YKI-00109-00028627-00028864 the winter has a large valley with
NYKHTpf6YKI-00110-00028864-00029049 significant differences in geolocation
NYKHTpf6YKI-00111-00029050-00029283 among various districts the weather is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00112-00029284-00029499 often cooler in the hilly areas compared
NYKHTpf6YKI-00113-00029500-00029818 to the flat lower part summer is usually
NYKHTpf6YKI-00114-00029819-00030021 mild and fairly dry but relative
NYKHTpf6YKI-00115-00030022-00030199 humidity is generally high and the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00116-00030200-00030477 nights are cool the precipitation occurs
NYKHTpf6YKI-00117-00030478-00030637 throughout the year and no month is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00118-00030638-00030921 particularly dry the hottest month is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00119-00030922-00031180 July mean minimum temperature 16 degrees
NYKHTpf6YKI-00120-00031181-00031446 Celsius mean maximum temperature 32
NYKHTpf6YKI-00121-00031447-00031639 degrees Celsius and the coldest are
NYKHTpf6YKI-00122-00031639-00031827 December to January mean minimum
NYKHTpf6YKI-00123-00031828-00032014 temperature minus 15 degrees Celsius
NYKHTpf6YKI-00124-00032014-00032287 mean maximum temperature zero degrees
NYKHTpf6YKI-00125-00032288-00032611 Celsius compared with other plane parts
NYKHTpf6YKI-00126-00032612-00032836 of India Kashmir Valley enjoys a more
NYKHTpf6YKI-00127-00032837-00033024 moderate climate but weather conditions
NYKHTpf6YKI-00128-00033025-00033271 are unpredictable the recorded high
NYKHTpf6YKI-00129-00033272-00033535 temperature as 33 degrees Celsius and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00130-00033536-00033724 the recorded low as minus 18 degrees
NYKHTpf6YKI-00131-00033725-00034077 Celsius on 5:00 in the 6th of January
NYKHTpf6YKI-00132-00034078-00034336 2012 after years of relatively little
NYKHTpf6YKI-00133-00034337-00034527 snow a wave of heavy snow and low
NYKHTpf6YKI-00134-00034528-00034726 temperatures winter storm shocked the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00135-00034727-00034879 valley covering it in a thick layer of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00136-00034880-00035233 snow and ice Kashmir Valley has seen an
NYKHTpf6YKI-00137-00035234-00035445 increase in relative humidity and annual
NYKHTpf6YKI-00138-00035446-00035743 precipitation in the last few years this
NYKHTpf6YKI-00139-00035744-00035923 is most likely because of the commercial
NYKHTpf6YKI-00140-00035924-00036136 afforestation projects which also
NYKHTpf6YKI-00141-00036137-00036395 include expanding parks in green cover
NYKHTpf6YKI-00142-00036396-00036643 different seasons and climatic
NYKHTpf6YKI-00143-00036644-00037115 conditions in Kashmir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00144-00037116-00037580 topic tourism
NYKHTpf6YKI-00145-00037581-00037824 Kashmir Valley is a popular tourist
NYKHTpf6YKI-00146-00037825-00038016 destination for domestic and foreign
NYKHTpf6YKI-00147-00038017-00038277 tourists among the popular tourist
NYKHTpf6YKI-00148-00038278-00038493 places in the valley are Gulmarg that
NYKHTpf6YKI-00149-00038494-00038685 has a ski resort doll lake that has
NYKHTpf6YKI-00150-00038686-00038901 popular houseboats Pahalgam and the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00151-00038902-00039116 major Hindu shrine Amarnath temple
NYKHTpf6YKI-00152-00039117-00039486 before insurgency intensified in 1989
NYKHTpf6YKI-00153-00039487-00039702 tourism formed an important part of the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00154-00039703-00040035 Kashmiri economy as a result the tourism
NYKHTpf6YKI-00155-00040036-00040221 economy in the Kashmir Valley was
NYKHTpf6YKI-00156-00040222-00040485 worst-hit thousands of Hindu pilgrims
NYKHTpf6YKI-00157-00040486-00040719 visit holy shrine of Amarnath every year
NYKHTpf6YKI-00158-00040720-00040881 and this significantly benefits the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00159-00040882-00040974 state's economy
NYKHTpf6YKI-00160-00040975-00041250 but this yatra has put Kashmir on the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00161-00041251-00041496 verge of ecological disaster tourism in
NYKHTpf6YKI-00162-00041497-00041682 the Kashmir Valley has rebounded in
NYKHTpf6YKI-00163-00041683-00041925 recent years and in 2009 the state
NYKHTpf6YKI-00164-00041926-00042054 became one of the top tourist
NYKHTpf6YKI-00165-00042055-00042213 destinations of India
NYKHTpf6YKI-00166-00042214-00042477 Gulmarg one of the most popular ski
NYKHTpf6YKI-00167-00042478-00042705 resort destinations in India is also
NYKHTpf6YKI-00168-00042706-00042888 home to the world's highest green golf
NYKHTpf6YKI-00169-00042889-00043164 course however with the decrease in
NYKHTpf6YKI-00170-00043165-00043344 violence in the state has boosted the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00171-00043345-00043635 state's economy specifically tourism it
NYKHTpf6YKI-00172-00043636-00043956 was reported that 736 thousand tourists
NYKHTpf6YKI-00173-00043957-00044199 including 23,000 foreigners visited
NYKHTpf6YKI-00174-00044200-00044541 Kashmir in 2010 other tourist places
NYKHTpf6YKI-00175-00044542-00044817 include Cinemark Coker nag Vera nag a
NYKHTpf6YKI-00176-00044818-00045234 haribol & symfon top
NYKHTpf6YKI-00177-00045235-00045746 topic Hill stations
NYKHTpf6YKI-00178-00045747-00046351 Aroo Gulmarg the hall gum Cinemark
NYKHTpf6YKI-00179-00046352-00046951 srinagar you smug a hearable Couser nag
NYKHTpf6YKI-00180-00046952-00047379 low lab valley
NYKHTpf6YKI-00181-00047380-00047939 topic Mughal Gardens
NYKHTpf6YKI-00182-00047940-00048389 nough shot bog shalimar bagh chashni
NYKHTpf6YKI-00183-00048390-00048791 Shahi pair I Mahal
NYKHTpf6YKI-00184-00048792-00049187 véra neck
NYKHTpf6YKI-00185-00049188-00049704 topic Lakes
NYKHTpf6YKI-00186-00049705-00050189 dal lake gods are lay ganga ball lake
NYKHTpf6YKI-00187-00050190-00050636 Krishan SAR lake man is bow lake man
NYKHTpf6YKI-00188-00050637-00051155 calmly sat sir lake Sheshnag lake tarce
NYKHTpf6YKI-00189-00051156-00051654 early Mars early Vachon SAR Lake wheeler
NYKHTpf6YKI-00190-00051654-00052140 Lake counter negli
NYKHTpf6YKI-00191-00052141-00052674 topic mountaineering
NYKHTpf6YKI-00192-00052675-00052938 this Himalayan valley provides a base to
NYKHTpf6YKI-00193-00052939-00053112 climb some of the challenging Himalayan
NYKHTpf6YKI-00194-00053113-00053388 peaks these Peaks were closed due to the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00195-00053389-00053598 rise in militancy now they are open for
NYKHTpf6YKI-00196-00053599-00053791 mountaineering
NYKHTpf6YKI-00197-00053791-00054237 Mount Hera MOOC 16,000 870 feet 5,000
NYKHTpf6YKI-00198-00054238-00054625 142 meters colloid peak seventeen
NYKHTpf6YKI-00199-00054626-00054825 thousand seven hundred ninety nine feet
NYKHTpf6YKI-00200-00054826-00055024 five thousand four hundred twenty-five
NYKHTpf6YKI-00201-00055025-00055516 meters Lajoie peak 17900 seven feet five
NYKHTpf6YKI-00202-00055516-00055766 thousand four hundred fifty eight meters
NYKHTpf6YKI-00203-00055767-00056031 cyril peak seventeen thousand one
NYKHTpf6YKI-00204-00056032-00056238 hundred seventy eight feet five thousand
NYKHTpf6YKI-00205-00056239-00056541 two hundred thirty six meters Amarnath
NYKHTpf6YKI-00206-00056542-00056757 peak seventeen thousand fourteen feet
NYKHTpf6YKI-00207-00056758-00057412 5,000 186 meters sunset peak 15500 71
NYKHTpf6YKI-00208-00057413-00057723 feet 4746 meters
NYKHTpf6YKI-00209-00057724-00058137 Ted akuti peak 15500 two feet four
NYKHTpf6YKI-00210-00058138-00058305 thousand seven hundred twenty-five
NYKHTpf6YKI-00211-00058307-00058626 meters mahadev peak thirteen thousand
NYKHTpf6YKI-00212-00058627-00058794 nine hundred ninety nine feet four
NYKHTpf6YKI-00213-00058795-00059301 thousand two hundred sixty seven meters
NYKHTpf6YKI-00214-00059302-00059905 topic culture and cuisine
NYKHTpf6YKI-00215-00059907-00060135 Kashmiri cuisine includes dum aloo
NYKHTpf6YKI-00216-00060136-00060369 boiled potatoes hollowed and stuffed
NYKHTpf6YKI-00217-00060370-00060576 with heavy amounts of spiced samman a
NYKHTpf6YKI-00218-00060577-00060822 solid cottage cheese Rogan Josh lamb
NYKHTpf6YKI-00219-00060823-00060975 cooked in heavy spices
NYKHTpf6YKI-00220-00060976-00061176 yeah Qian lamb cooked in curd with mild
NYKHTpf6YKI-00221-00061177-00061416 spices packed kohlrabi greens wrist
NYKHTpf6YKI-00222-00061416-00061674 Agusta minced meat balls in tomato and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00223-00061675-00061869 curd curry Dan evoke gourmet and the
NYKHTpf6YKI-00224-00061870-00062127 signature rice the traditional wazwan
NYKHTpf6YKI-00225-00062128-00062319 feast involves cooking meat or
NYKHTpf6YKI-00226-00062320-00062538 vegetables usually mutton in several
NYKHTpf6YKI-00227-00062539-00062678 different ways
NYKHTpf6YKI-00228-00062679-00062961 alcohol is not consumed by many Muslims
NYKHTpf6YKI-00229-00062962-00063177 in the valley there are two styles of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00230-00063178-00063420 making tea in the region noon tires salt
NYKHTpf6YKI-00231-00063421-00063624 tea that is pink in color known as chin
NYKHTpf6YKI-00232-00063625-00063849 and posh rang or peach flower color and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00233-00063850-00064098 popular with locals and Kawa a tea for
NYKHTpf6YKI-00234-00064099-00064299 festive occasions made with saffron and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00235-00064300-00064604 spices cardamom cinnamon sugar nunchi
NYKHTpf6YKI-00236-00064605-00065082 Leafs and black tea
NYKHTpf6YKI-00237-00065083-00065548 topic transport
NYKHTpf6YKI-00238-00065549-00065818 Kashmir Valley is connected to Jammu and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00239-00065819-00066082 Ladakh regions by road and air it has
NYKHTpf6YKI-00240-00066083-00066310 access to Jammu region and the rest of
NYKHTpf6YKI-00241-00066311-00066481 India through the bana Hall Road tunnel
NYKHTpf6YKI-00242-00066482-00066738 near kasi and on national highway and h1
NYKHTpf6YKI-00243-00066739-00066973 a and through NH 1 B that passes through
NYKHTpf6YKI-00244-00066974-00067312 Sinden pass and Kish tour Srinagar is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00245-00067313-00067531 the main airport in Kashmir Valley and
NYKHTpf6YKI-00246-00067532-00067729 has scheduled flights from Jammu leh
NYKHTpf6YKI-00247-00067730-00068076 Mumbai Chandigarh and New Delhi Kashmir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00248-00068077-00069438 Valley has a 119 km/h 9 2004 the Kashmir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00249-00069439-00069651 Valley to Bana hall across the Pir
NYKHTpf6YKI-00250-00069652-00069838 Panjal mountains through the new eleven
NYKHTpf6YKI-00251-00069839-00070054 point two one five kilometers seven
NYKHTpf6YKI-00252-00070055-00070324 mile-long Pir Panjal railway tunnel or
NYKHTpf6YKI-00253-00070325-00070372 Banahaw
NYKHTpf6YKI-00254-00070373-00070659 rail tunnel from the 26th of June 2013
NYKHTpf6YKI-00255-00070660-00070944 bana Hall railway station will be linked
NYKHTpf6YKI-00256-00070945-00071116 to the rest of India in another few
NYKHTpf6YKI-00257-00071117-00071284 years as the construction of the railway
NYKHTpf6YKI-00258-00071285-00071521 line from Jammu to bana Hall progresses
NYKHTpf6YKI-00259-00071522-00071797 steadily transport within the valley is
NYKHTpf6YKI-00260-00071798-00072028 predominantly by Road other airports are
NYKHTpf6YKI-00261-00072029-00072291 in Odum pour on top Ora lay in Jammu
NYKHTpf6YKI-00262-00072292-00072931 another airport is proposed in an on tag
NYKHTpf6YKI-00263-00072932-00073455 topic see also
NYKHTpf6YKI-00264-00073456-00074098 downtown Srinagar Colgan Kupwara poama
NYKHTpf6YKI-00265-00074099-00074660 Baramulla leather pura
NYKHTpf6YKI-00266-00074661-00075205 topic notes
NYKHTpf6YKI-00267-00075206-00075717 topic references
NYKHTpf6YKI-00268-00075718-00076270 topic external links
NYKHTpf6YKI-00269-00076271-00076501 Kashmir Valley travel guide from
NYKHTpf6YKI-00270-00076502-00076963 wikivoyage vale of Kashmir
NbO_IVu5VBo-00000-00000128-00000714 oh
NbO_IVu5VBo-00001-00000715-00001766 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00002-00001767-00003420 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00003-00003421-00004375 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00004-00004376-00004572 foreign
NbO_IVu5VBo-00005-00004573-00007431 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00006-00007431-00009429 oh
NbO_IVu5VBo-00007-00009430-00010535 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00008-00010536-00010683 me
NbO_IVu5VBo-00009-00010684-00011599 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00010-00011600-00011706 oh
NbO_IVu5VBo-00011-00011707-00012865 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00012-00012866-00014166 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00013-00014166-00015431 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00014-00015432-00016879 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00015-00016880-00018261 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00016-00018262-00019543 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00017-00019544-00021108 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00018-00021109-00021325 [Applause]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00019-00021326-00021743 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00020-00021744-00022315 do
NbO_IVu5VBo-00023-00029331-00029567 [Music]
NbO_IVu5VBo-00024-00029568-00029732 and
NbO_IVu5VBo-00025-00029733-00031263 [Music]
NcyTPAE7HPE-00000-00000143-00000503 the last thing that we're asked to do
NcyTPAE7HPE-00001-00000504-00000703 whenever we've made a statistical
NcyTPAE7HPE-00002-00000704-00000878 calculation
NcyTPAE7HPE-00003-00000880-00001207 is come to some sort of conclusion
NcyTPAE7HPE-00004-00001208-00001407 when our conclusion is a confidence
NcyTPAE7HPE-00005-00001408-00001550 interval
NcyTPAE7HPE-00006-00001551-00001782 what we're saying is
NcyTPAE7HPE-00007-00001784-00002007 what does this confidence interval mean
NcyTPAE7HPE-00008-00002007-00002239 for the parameter
NcyTPAE7HPE-00009-00002240-00002687 so our confidence level was 99 percent
NcyTPAE7HPE-00010-00002688-00002934 so a confidence level of 99
NcyTPAE7HPE-00011-00002935-00003615 means that we are 99 confident
NcyTPAE7HPE-00012-00003615-00003863 that
NcyTPAE7HPE-00013-00003864-00004167 well we're 99 confident of what
NcyTPAE7HPE-00014-00004168-00004519 we're 99 confident that
NcyTPAE7HPE-00015-00004520-00004895 the parameter
NcyTPAE7HPE-00016-00004896-00005159 which in this problem is
NcyTPAE7HPE-00017-00005160-00005527 the percentage
NcyTPAE7HPE-00018-00005528-00006070 of all u.s sales transactions
NcyTPAE7HPE-00019-00006071-00006591 that are in cash
NcyTPAE7HPE-00020-00006592-00006791 is in our interval
NcyTPAE7HPE-00021-00006792-00007255 is between
NcyTPAE7HPE-00022-00007256-00007487 and notice when we stated our parameter
NcyTPAE7HPE-00023-00007488-00007991 we said percentage
NcyTPAE7HPE-00024-00007992-00008359 then we should probably actually write
NcyTPAE7HPE-00025-00008360-00008614 our numbers
NcyTPAE7HPE-00026-00008615-00009183 as percents
NcyTPAE7HPE-00027-00009184-00009263 so
NcyTPAE7HPE-00028-00009264-00009583 we got 0.223
NcyTPAE7HPE-00029-00009584-00009967 that's 22.3 percent
NcyTPAE7HPE-00030-00009968-00010067 and
NcyTPAE7HPE-00031-00010068-00010263 0.276
NcyTPAE7HPE-00032-00010264-00010346 that's
NcyTPAE7HPE-00033-00010347-00010599 27.6 percent
NcyTPAE7HPE-00034-00010600-00010774 remember to convert to a percent just
NcyTPAE7HPE-00035-00010775-00011078 multiply by a hundred
NcyTPAE7HPE-00036-00011079-00011263 so this is what we're trying to write
NcyTPAE7HPE-00037-00011264-00011438 for our conclusion
NcyTPAE7HPE-00038-00011439-00011623 we fill in the blanks to write that
NcyTPAE7HPE-00039-00011624-00011863 we're 99 confident
NcyTPAE7HPE-00040-00011864-00012014 that
NcyTPAE7HPE-00041-00012015-00012199 the percentage of all u.s sales
NcyTPAE7HPE-00042-00012200-00012463 transactions that are in cash
NcyTPAE7HPE-00043-00012464-00012774 they didn't use the word in that's fine
NcyTPAE7HPE-00044-00012775-00012907 is between
NcyTPAE7HPE-00045-00012908-00013215 22.3 percent
NcyTPAE7HPE-00046-00013216-00013475 and
NcyTPAE7HPE-00047-00013476-00014215 27.6 percent
NcyTPAE7HPE-00048-00014216-00014391 and now
NcyTPAE7HPE-00049-00014391-00014751 in section 3.9 that's the problem done
NcyTPAE7HPE-00050-00014752-00014958 in section 3.10
NcyTPAE7HPE-00051-00014959-00015119 our conclusion is going to have one
NcyTPAE7HPE-00052-00015119-00015368 extra step
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00000-00000056-00000305 absolute monarchy as a form of monarchy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00001-00000306-00000500 in which one leader has supreme
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00002-00000501-00000679 authority and where that authority is
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00003-00000680-00000856 not restricted by any written laws
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00004-00000857-00001187 legislature or customs these are often
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00005-00001188-00001435 but not always hereditary monarchies in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00006-00001436-00001712 contrast in constitutional monarchies
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00007-00001713-00001895 the head of state's Authority derives
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00008-00001896-00002117 from an is legally bounded or restricted
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00009-00002118-00002339 by a constitution or legislature some
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00010-00002340-00002518 monarchies have weak or symbolic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00011-00002519-00002708 legislatures and other governmental
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00012-00002709-00002909 bodies the monarch can alter or dissolve
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00013-00002910-00003184 it will countries where monarchs still
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00014-00003185-00003448 maintain absolute power are Brunei Oman
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00015-00003449-00003772 Saudi Arabia Swaziland Vatican City and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00016-00003773-00003959 the individual Emirates composing the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00017-00003960-00004166 United Arab Emirates which itself as a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00018-00004167-00004400 Federation of such monarchies a federal
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00019-00004401-00004759 monarchy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00020-00004760-00005345 topic historical examples
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00021-00005346-00005711 topic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00022-00005712-00006218 topic outside Europe
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00023-00006219-00006554 topic in ancient Egypt the Pharaoh
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00024-00006555-00006776 wielded absolute power over the country
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00025-00006777-00006956 and was considered a living God by his
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00026-00006956-00007241 people in ancient Mesopotamia many
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00027-00007242-00007495 rulers of Assyria Babylonia and Sumer
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00028-00007497-00007684 were absolute monarchs as well in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00029-00007686-00007973 ancient and medieval India rulers of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00030-00007973-00008216 Maurya satavahana Gupta and chalukya
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00031-00008217-00008453 empires as well as other major and minor
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00032-00008454-00008645 empires were considered absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00033-00008646-00008939 monarchs in the Khmer Empire the kings
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00034-00008940-00009305 were called devaraja and chakravartin
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00035-00009306-00009578 king of the world and exercised absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00036-00009579-00009787 power over the empire and people
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00037-00009788-00010079 throughout Imperial China many emperors
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00038-00010080-00010277 and one Empress wielded absolute power
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00039-00010278-00010444 through the Mandate of Heaven in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00040-00010445-00010679 pre-columbian America the Inca Empire
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00041-00010680-00010913 was ruled by a Sapa Inca who was
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00042-00010914-00011113 considered the son of inti the Sun God
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00043-00011114-00011324 an absolute ruler over the people and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00044-00011325-00011560 nation Korea under the Joseon dynasty
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00045-00011561-00011807 and short-lived Empire was also an
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00046-00011808-00012077 absolute monarchy in the Ottoman Empire
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00047-00012078-00012320 many Sultan's wielded absolute power
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00048-00012321-00012518 through heavenly mandates reflected in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00049-00012519-00013101 their title the shadow of God on earth
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00050-00013102-00013574 topic Europe
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00051-00013575-00013891 topic throughout much of European
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00052-00013893-00013943 history
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00053-00013944-00014108 the Divine Right of Kings was the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00054-00014109-00014330 theological justification for absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00055-00014331-00014660 monarchy many European monarchs such as
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00056-00014661-00014822 those of Russia claimed supreme
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00057-00014822-00015029 autocratic power by divine right and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00058-00015030-00015188 that their subjects had no rights to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00059-00015188-00015293 limit their power
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00060-00015294-00015569 James the sixth of Scotland later also
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00061-00015569-00015785 James the first of England and his son
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00062-00015786-00015994 Charles the first of Scotland in England
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00063-00015996-00016265 tried to import this principle Charles
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00064-00016266-00016568 the first s attempt to enforce a Piscopo
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00065-00016569-00016805 polity on the Church of Scotland led to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00066-00016806-00016991 rebellion by the Covenant errs and the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00067-00016992-00017321 bishops Wars then fears that Charles the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00068-00017322-00017469 first was attempting to establish
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00069-00017470-00017702 absolutist government along European
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00070-00017703-00017894 lines was a major cause of the English
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00071-00017895-00018092 Civil War despite the fact that he did
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00072-00018093-00018293 rule this way for eleven years starting
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00073-00018294-00018566 in 1629 after dissolving the Parliament
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00074-00018567-00018815 of England for a time by the 19th
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00075-00018816-00019040 century the Divine Right was regarded as
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00076-00019041-00019256 an obsolete theory in most countries in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00077-00019257-00019454 the Western world except in Russia where
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00078-00019455-00019607 it was still given credence as the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00079-00019608-00019790 official justification for the czars
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00080-00019791-00020122 power until February revolution in 1917
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00081-00020123-00020378 there is a considerable variety of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00082-00020379-00020597 opinion by historians on the extent of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00083-00020598-00020918 absolutism among European monarchs some
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00084-00020919-00021149 such as Perry Anderson argue that quite
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00085-00021150-00021325 a few monarchs achieved levels of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00086-00021326-00021518 absolutist control over their states
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00087-00021519-00021734 while historians such as Roger medam
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00088-00021735-00021953 dispute the very concept of absolutism
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00089-00021954-00022265 in general historians who disagree with
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00090-00022266-00022490 the appellation of absolutism argue that
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00091-00022491-00022706 most monarchs labeled as absolutist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00092-00022707-00022892 exerted no greater power over their
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00093-00022893-00023117 subjects than any other non absolutist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00094-00023118-00023309 rulers and these historians tend to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00095-00023310-00023480 emphasize the differences between the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00096-00023481-00023687 absolutist rhetoric of monarchs and the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00097-00023688-00023875 realities of the effective use of power
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00098-00023876-00024164 by these absolute monarchs Renaissance
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00099-00024165-00024356 historian William booze Maas summed up
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00100-00024357-00024653 this contradiction noting so clearly
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00101-00024654-00024869 indicates the limits of royal power as
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00102-00024870-00025003 the fact that governments were
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00103-00025004-00025219 perennially in financial trouble unable
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00104-00025220-00025412 to tap the wealth of those most able to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00105-00025413-00025603 pay and likely to stir up a costly
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00106-00025604-00025757 revolt whenever they attempted to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00107-00025758-00026143 develop an adequate income
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00108-00026144-00026642 topic Roman Empire
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00109-00026643-00026983 topic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00110-00026985-00027433 topic France
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00111-00027433-00027777 topic though some historians doubt if he
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00112-00027779-00028129 truly had louis xiv of france 1638 to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00113-00028130-00028375 1715 is often said to have proclaimed
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00114-00028376-00028585 'let taught c'est moi
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00115-00028586-00028927 i am the state although often criticized
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00116-00028927-00029164 for his extravagances such as the palace
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00117-00029164-00029362 of versailles he reigned over france for
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00118-00029363-00029542 a long period and some historians
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00119-00029543-00029731 consider him a successful absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00120-00029732-00029998 monarch more recently revisionist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00121-00029999-00030189 historians have questioned whether louis
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00122-00030191-00030472 range should be considered absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00123-00030473-00030658 given the reality of the balance of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00124-00030658-00030811 power between the monarch and the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00125-00030812-00031051 nobility the King of France concentrated
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00126-00031052-00031264 in his person legislative executive and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00127-00031264-00031527 judicial powers he was the supreme
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00128-00031529-00031789 judicial authority he could condemn men
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00129-00031789-00032002 to death without the right of appeal it
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00130-00032002-00032230 was both his duty to punish offences and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00131-00032231-00032461 stop them from being committed from his
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00132-00032462-00032647 judicial authority followed his power
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00133-00032648-00032860 both to make laws and to annul them one
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00134-00032861-00033046 of his steps in creating an absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00135-00033047-00033223 monarchy in France was to build the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00136-00033224-00033409 Palace of Versailles where he lived with
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00137-00033410-00033598 many of his nobles and other important
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00138-00033599-00033784 people in order to control and watch
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00139-00033785-00034083 over them
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00140-00034084-00034589 topic denmark-norway
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00141-00034590-00034949 topic absolutism was underpinned by a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00142-00034950-00035147 written constitution for the first time
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00143-00035148-00035399 in Europe in the 1665 kongjui Levin
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00144-00035400-00035705 Kings law of Denmark Norway which
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00145-00035706-00035912 ordered that the monarch shall from this
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00146-00035913-00036158 day forth be revered and considered the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00147-00036159-00036392 most perfect and supreme person on the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00148-00036393-00036650 earth by all his subjects standing above
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00149-00036651-00036908 all human laws and having no judge above
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00150-00036909-00037139 his person neither in spiritual nor
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00151-00037140-00037508 temporal matters except God alone this
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00152-00037509-00037733 law consequently authorized the king to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00153-00037734-00038018 abolish all other centres of power most
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00154-00038019-00038177 important was the abolition of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00155-00038178-00038536 Council of the realm
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00156-00038537-00038987 Topic Prussia
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00157-00038988-00039365 topic in brandenburg-prussia the concept
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00158-00039366-00039579 of absolute monarch took a notable turn
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00159-00039580-00039752 from the above with its emphasis on the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00160-00039753-00039962 monarch as the first servant of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00161-00039963-00040220 state but it also echoed many of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00162-00040221-00040427 important characteristics of absolutism
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00163-00040428-00040868 Frederick William R 1642 1688 known as
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00164-00040869-00041067 the great elector used the uncertainties
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00165-00041068-00041264 of the final stages of the 30 Years War
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00166-00041265-00041495 to consolidate his territories into the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00167-00041496-00041670 dominant Kingdom in northern Germany
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00168-00041671-00041852 whilst increasing his power over his
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00169-00041853-00042174 subjects his actions largely originated
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00170-00042175-00042311 the militaristic streak of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00171-00042312-00042677 Hohenzollern in 1653 the diet of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00172-00042678-00042873 Brandenburg met for the last time and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00173-00042874-00043035 gave Frederick William the power to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00174-00043036-00043251 raise taxes without its consent a strong
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00175-00043252-00043517 indicator of absolutism Frederick
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00176-00043518-00043712 William enjoyed support from the nobles
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00177-00043713-00043874 who enabled the great elector to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00178-00043875-00044007 undermine the diet and other
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00179-00044008-00044270 representative assemblies the leading
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00180-00044271-00044492 family saw their future in cooperation
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00181-00044493-00044645 with the central government and worked
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00182-00044646-00044979 to establish absolutist power the most
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00183-00044980-00045161 significant indicator of the nobles
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00184-00045162-00045461 success was the establishment of to tax
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00185-00045462-00045665 rates one for the cities and the other
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00186-00045666-00045849 for the countryside to the great
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00187-00045850-00046064 advantage of the latter which the nobles
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00188-00046065-00046349 ruled the nobles served in the upper
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00189-00046350-00046623 levels of the elector s army and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00190-00046624-00046802 bureaucracy but they also want new
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00191-00046803-00047085 prosperity for themselves the support of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00192-00047086-00047264 the elector enabled the imposition of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00193-00047265-00047462 serfdom and the consolidation of land
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00194-00047463-00047636 holdings into vast estates which
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00195-00047637-00047892 provided for their wealth they became
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00196-00047893-00048080 known as Junkers from the German for
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00197-00048081-00048326 young Lord younger hair Frederick
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00198-00048327-00048467 William faced resistance from
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00199-00048468-00048657 representative assemblies and long
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00200-00048658-00048833 independent cities in his realm
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00201-00048834-00049089 city leaders often revolted at the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00202-00049090-00049314 imposition of electorate Authority the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00203-00049315-00049530 last notable effort was the uprising of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00204-00049531-00049727 the city of königsberg which allied with
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00205-00049728-00049937 the estates-general of Prussia to refuse
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00206-00049938-00050217 to pay taxes Frederick William crushed
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00207-00050218-00050520 this revolt in 1662 by marching into the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00208-00050521-00050795 city with thousands of troops a similar
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00209-00050796-00050955 approach was used with the towns of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00210-00050956-00051261 Cleves
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00211-00051262-00051704 topic Russia
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00212-00051704-00052112 topic until 1905 the Czar's of Russia
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00213-00052113-00052409 governed as absolute monarchs Peter the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00214-00052410-00052604 first the great reduced the power of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00215-00052604-00052778 Russian nobility and strengthened the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00216-00052779-00053000 central power of the czars establishing
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00217-00053001-00053264 a bureaucracy and a police state this
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00218-00053265-00053501 tradition of absolutism known as Tsarist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00219-00053502-00053779 autocracy was expanded by catherine ii
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00220-00053780-00053912 the great in her descendants
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00221-00053913-00054227 although alexander ii made some reforms
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00222-00054228-00054422 and established an independent judicial
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00223-00054423-00054575 system russia did not have a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00224-00054576-00054734 representative assembly or a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00225-00054735-00055009 constitution until the 1905 revolution
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00226-00055010-00055346 however the concept of absolutism was so
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00227-00055347-00055504 ingrained in russia that the russian
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00228-00055505-00055792 constitution of 1906 still described the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00229-00055794-00056060 tsar as an autocrat russia became the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00230-00056061-00056305 last european country excluding vatican
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00231-00056307-00056530 city to abolish absolutism and it was
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00232-00056532-00056711 the only one to do so as late as the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00233-00056712-00056957 20th century the Ottoman Empire drafted
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00234-00056958-00057465 its first constitution in 1877
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00235-00057466-00057920 topic Sweden
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00236-00057921-00058277 topic the form of government instituted
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00237-00058278-00058520 in Sweden under king charles xi and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00238-00058521-00058721 passed on to his son charles the twelfth
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00239-00058722-00058907 is commonly referred to as absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00240-00058908-00058979 monarchy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00241-00058979-00059174 however the Swedish monarch was never
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00242-00059175-00059354 absolute in the sense that he wielded
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00243-00059354-00059645 arbitrary power the monarch still ruled
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00244-00059646-00059837 under the law and could only legislate
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00245-00059838-00060002 in agreement with the Riksdag of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00246-00060003-00060241 estates rather the absolutism introduced
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00247-00060242-00060497 was the monarch s ability to run the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00248-00060498-00060671 government unfettered by the Privy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00249-00060672-00061034 Council contrary to earlier practice the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00250-00061035-00061291 absolute rule of Charles xi was
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00251-00061292-00061502 instituted by the crown and the Riksdag
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00252-00061503-00061682 in order to carry out the great
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00253-00061683-00061841 reduction which would have been made
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00254-00061841-00062063 impossible by the Privy Council which
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00255-00062064-00062369 comprised the high nobility after the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00256-00062370-00062672 death of Charles the twelfth in 1718 the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00257-00062673-00062905 system of absolute rule was largely
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00258-00062907-00063137 blamed for the ruination of the realm in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00259-00063138-00063355 the great northern war and the reaction
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00260-00063357-00063548 tipped the balance of power to the other
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00261-00063549-00063788 extreme end of the spectrum assuring in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00262-00063789-00064058 the age of liberty after half a century
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00263-00064059-00064337 of largely unrestricted parliamentary
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00264-00064338-00064616 rule proved just as ruinous King Gustav
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00265-00064616-00064871 the third seized back royal power in the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00266-00064872-00065329 coup d etat of 1772 and later once again
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00267-00065330-00065513 abolished the Privy Council under the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00268-00065514-00065831 Union and Security Act in 1789 which in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00269-00065832-00066083 turn was rendered void in 1809 when
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00270-00066084-00066326 Gustav the fourth Adolf was deposed in a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00271-00066327-00066575 coup and the constitution of 1809 was
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00272-00066576-00066655 put in its place
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00273-00066656-00067091 the years between 1789 and 1809 then are
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00274-00067092-00067310 also referred to as a period of absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00275-00067311-00067680 monarchy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00276-00067681-00068285 topic contemporary monarchies
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00277-00068286-00068636 topic the popularity of the notion of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00278-00068637-00068825 absolute monarchy declined substantially
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00279-00068826-00069065 after the American Revolution and the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00280-00069066-00069227 French Revolution which promoted
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00281-00069228-00069431 theories of government based on popular
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00282-00069432-00069746 sovereignty many nations formerly with
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00283-00069747-00069959 absolute monarchies such as Jordan
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00284-00069960-00070178 Kuwait and Morocco have moved towards
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00285-00070179-00070400 constitutional monarchy although in some
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00286-00070401-00070598 cases the monarch retains tremendous
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00287-00070599-00070781 power to the point that the parliaments
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00288-00070782-00070934 influence on political life is
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00289-00070935-00071243 negligible in Bhutan the government
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00290-00071244-00071420 moved from absolute monarchy to
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00291-00071421-00071609 constitutional monarchy following
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00292-00071610-00071786 planned parliamentary elections to the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00293-00071787-00072044 chod who in 2003 in the election of a
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00294-00072045-00072377 National Assembly in 2008 Nepal had
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00295-00072378-00072599 several swings between constitutional
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00296-00072600-00072800 rule and direct rule related to the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00297-00072801-00072986 Nepalese Civil War the Maoist insurgency
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00298-00072987-00073313 and the 2001 Nepalese royal massacre
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00299-00073314-00073478 with the Nepalese monarchy being
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00300-00073479-00073865 abolished on May 28 2008 in Tonga the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00301-00073866-00074036 King had majority control of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00302-00074037-00074406 Legislative Assembly until 2010
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00303-00074407-00074610 on the other hand Liechtenstein has
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00304-00074611-00074805 moved towards expanding the power of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00305-00074806-00075003 monarch the Prince of Liechtenstein was
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00306-00075004-00075198 given expanded powers after a referendum
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00307-00075199-00075384 amending the constitution of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00308-00075385-00075672 Liechtenstein in 2003 which led the BBC
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00309-00075673-00075906 to describe the prince as an absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00310-00075907-00076191 monarch again the ruling Kim family of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00311-00076192-00076446 North Korea Kim Il Sung Kim jong-il and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00312-00076447-00076698 Kim jong-un has been described as a de
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00313-00076699-00076980 facto absolute monarchy or hereditary
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00314-00076981-00077349 dictatorship in 2013 Clause 2 of article
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00315-00077350-00077553 10 of the new edited ten fundamental
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00316-00077554-00077766 principles of the Korean workers party
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00317-00077767-00078027 states that the party and revolution
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00318-00078028-00078243 must be carried eternally by the baked
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00319-00078244-00078777 Kim s bloodline
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00320-00078778-00079358 topic current absolute monarchies
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00321-00079359-00079703 topic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00322-00079704-00080197 topic Saudi Arabia
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00323-00080198-00080551 topic Saudi Arabia as an absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00324-00080552-00080758 monarchy and according to the basic law
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00325-00080759-00080968 of Saudi Arabia adopted by royal decree
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00326-00080969-00081283 in 1992 the king must comply with cheri
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00327-00081284-00081796 a Islamic law and the qur an the qur an
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00328-00081797-00082039 in the corpus of Sunnah traditions of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00329-00082040-00082252 the Islamic prophet Muhammad are
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00330-00082253-00082506 declared to be the kingdom s
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00331-00082507-00082717 Constitution but no written modern
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00332-00082718-00082915 Constitution has ever been written for
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00333-00082916-00083122 Saudi Arabia which remains one of two
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00334-00083123-00083353 Arab nations where no national elections
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00335-00083354-00083545 have ever taken place since its founding
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00336-00083546-00083833 with the other being Qatar no political
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00337-00083834-00084010 parties or national elections are
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00338-00084011-00084139 permitted and according to the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00339-00084140-00084412 economists 2010 democracy index the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00340-00084413-00084565 Saudi government as the seventh most
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00341-00084566-00084895 authoritarian regime from among the 167
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00342-00084896-00085273 countries rated
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00343-00085274-00085795 topic scholarship
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00344-00085796-00086197 topic anthropology sociology and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00345-00086198-00086380 ethology as well as various other
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00346-00086381-00086587 disciplines such as political science
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00347-00086588-00086797 attempt to explain the rise of absolute
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00348-00086798-00086998 monarchy ranging from extrapolation
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00349-00086999-00087154 generally to certain Marxist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00350-00087155-00087322 explanations in terms of the class
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00351-00087323-00087519 struggle is the underlying dynamic of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00352-00087520-00087726 human historical development generally
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00353-00087727-00087960 an absolute monarchy in particular in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00354-00087961-00088294 the 17th century French legal theorist
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00355-00088295-00088494 Jean doumitt defended the concept of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00356-00088495-00088707 absolute monarchy in works such as on
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00357-00088708-00089001 social order and absolute monarchy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00358-00089002-00089284 citing absolute monarchy as preserving
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00359-00089285-00089512 natural order as God intended according
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00360-00089513-00089686 to Norbert Elias as the civilizing
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00361-00089687-00090063 process 1939 monarchs such as louis xiv
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00362-00090064-00090274 could enjoy such great power because of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00363-00090275-00090451 the structure of the societies at that
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00364-00090452-00090657 time more precisely they could play off
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00365-00090658-00090859 against each other to rival classes
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00366-00090860-00091087 namely the rising bourgeoisie who grew
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00367-00091088-00091269 wealthy from commerce and industrial
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00368-00091270-00091459 production and the nobility who lived
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00369-00091460-00091606 off the land and administrative
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00370-00091607-00092038 functions
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00371-00092039-00092484 pick see also
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00372-00092485-00092874 topic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00373-00092875-00093391 topic references
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00374-00093392-00093784 topic
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00375-00093785-00094297 topic further reading
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00376-00094298-00094720 topic Anderson Perry lineages of the
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00377-00094721-00094927 absolutist state London
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00378-00094928-00095389 verso 1974 belif max the age of
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00379-00095390-00095986 absolutism from 1662 1815 1961 bloom
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00380-00095987-00096345 Jerome at all the European world vol 1
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00381-00096346-00096994 1970 PP 267 to 466 Kimmel Michael s
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00382-00096995-00097252 absolutism and its discontents state and
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00383-00097253-00097489 society in 17th century France in
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00384-00097490-00097837 England new brunswick NJ transaction
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00385-00097838-00098188 books 1988 medam Roger
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00386-00098189-00098446 power and faction in louis xiv France
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00387-00098447-00098817 New York Blackwell publishers 1988
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00388-00098818-00099217 Miller John Edie absolutism in 17th
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00389-00099218-00099454 century Europe New York Palgrave
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00390-00099455-00099907 Macmillan 1990 Wilson Peter H absolutism
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00391-00099908-00100159 in Central Europe New York route llege
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00392-00100160-00100581 2000 z mora hill a monarchy aristocracy
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00393-00100582-00100861 and the state in Europe thirteen hundred
Ndy6ZMs2_YU-00394-00100862-00101425 two 1800 New York route llege 2001
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NfgIP-1oRsI-00000-00000294-00000576 hi it's dr. Steve whiner and what I'm
NfgIP-1oRsI-00001-00000577-00000778 gonna do today is I'm going to do pro
NfgIP-1oRsI-00002-00000779-00000982 knocks associated with the Infini
NfgIP-1oRsI-00003-00000983-00001039 procedure
NfgIP-1oRsI-00004-00001040-00001270 so here's pro knocks it's nitrous oxide
NfgIP-1oRsI-00005-00001271-00001666 50/50 mixture with oxygen and what we're
NfgIP-1oRsI-00006-00001667-00001956 trying to do is we're trying to see how
NfgIP-1oRsI-00007-00001957-00002217 we can control discomfort using the pro
NfgIP-1oRsI-00008-00002218-00002442 NOx and a minimal amount of topical
NfgIP-1oRsI-00009-00002443-00002781 lidocaine so this is Nikki and Nikki is
NfgIP-1oRsI-00010-00002782-00003154 our RN here at our office and she's
NfgIP-1oRsI-00011-00003155-00003370 going to start inhaling the nitrous
NfgIP-1oRsI-00012-00003371-00003624 oxide so it's a self-administered
NfgIP-1oRsI-00013-00003625-00003958 procedure and she breathes in and out
NfgIP-1oRsI-00014-00003959-00004243 and it should start to kick in in
NfgIP-1oRsI-00015-00004244-00004543 approximately 20 seconds and when she
NfgIP-1oRsI-00016-00004544-00004924 feels it will start our procedure and it
NfgIP-1oRsI-00017-00004925-00005106 will be out of her system when she stops
NfgIP-1oRsI-00018-00005107-00005323 using it between three and five minutes
NfgIP-1oRsI-00019-00005324-00005716 and then she actually could go driving
NfgIP-1oRsI-00020-00005717-00005887 after 10 minutes
NfgIP-1oRsI-00021-00005888-00006160 obviously nitrous oxide has been used in
NfgIP-1oRsI-00022-00006161-00006463 the industry in dental industry for
NfgIP-1oRsI-00023-00006464-00006642 years and years and years it's a very
NfgIP-1oRsI-00024-00006643-00007014 safe medication and it makes the patient
NfgIP-1oRsI-00025-00007015-00007231 have less anxiety and less discomfort
NfgIP-1oRsI-00026-00007231-00007556 are you feeling it right now yeah
NfgIP-1oRsI-00027-00007556-00008225 okay so let's uh let's give it a try you
NfgIP-1oRsI-00028-00008226-00008456 can actually take it off or actually do
NfgIP-1oRsI-00029-00008457-00009210 the procedure simultaneously
NfgIP-1oRsI-00030-00009211-00009810 lean your head back
NfgIP-1oRsI-00031-00009811-00010162 so Infini is a procedure that we've had
NfgIP-1oRsI-00032-00010163-00010549 some discomfort with and it seems like
NfgIP-1oRsI-00033-00010550-00010864 doing this procedure she's fairly
NfgIP-1oRsI-00034-00010865-00011135 comfortable with it would you say yeah
NfgIP-1oRsI-00035-00011136-00011503 so see what nitric oxide does that this
NfgIP-1oRsI-00036-00011504-00012542 it associates the pain with the brain
NfgIP-1oRsI-00037-00012543-00013377 extremely well not bothered by this too
NfgIP-1oRsI-00038-00013378-00014037 much all right perfect and then when the
NfgIP-1oRsI-00039-00014038-00014205 nitrous starts to wear off
NfgIP-1oRsI-00040-00014206-00014444 she'll signal us to stop or she could
NfgIP-1oRsI-00041-00014445-00014625 actually do it during the procedure as
NfgIP-1oRsI-00042-00014626-00014910 well and so take a couple more breaths
NfgIP-1oRsI-00043-00014911-00015366 of the nitrous oxide
NfgIP-1oRsI-00044-00015366-00015562 so what we're doing now is we're
NfgIP-1oRsI-00045-00015563-00015763 actually having her breathe while we're
NfgIP-1oRsI-00046-00015763-00015946 doing the Anthony treatment she was
NfgIP-1oRsI-00047-00015947-00016197 feeling a little bit of the pain
NfgIP-1oRsI-00048-00016199-00016423 associated with the Infini but now she's
NfgIP-1oRsI-00049-00016424-00017098 doing great again how you doing now okay
NfgIP-1oRsI-00050-00017099-00017614 yeah so it's not like it takes away the
NfgIP-1oRsI-00051-00017615-00018016 pain it just makes you ignore the pain
NfgIP-1oRsI-00052-00018017-00018208 basically
NfgIP-1oRsI-00053-00018209-00018406 is that what is that how you would say
NfgIP-1oRsI-00054-00018407-00018726 yeah
NfgIP-1oRsI-00055-00018727-00018984 so it's obvious that the nitrous is
NfgIP-1oRsI-00056-00018985-00019203 working very well we typically put the
NfgIP-1oRsI-00057-00019204-00019407 topical on for an hour and a half
NfgIP-1oRsI-00058-00019408-00019668 sometimes an hour but at least an hour
NfgIP-1oRsI-00059-00019669-00019878 to an hour and a half we put it on her
NfgIP-1oRsI-00060-00019879-00020106 for only 20 minutes and she's tolerating
NfgIP-1oRsI-00061-00020107-00020975 this very well
NfgIP-1oRsI-00062-00020976-00021243 this is our second pass which is not
NfgIP-1oRsI-00063-00021244-00021603 quite as deep so there's less discomfort
NfgIP-1oRsI-00064-00021604-00022930 associated with that
NfgIP-1oRsI-00065-00022931-00023328 Anthony procedures you know this is the
NfgIP-1oRsI-00066-00023329-00023963 happiest patient ever treated and it
NfgIP-1oRsI-00067-00023964-00024239 enables sandy to do the procedure much
NfgIP-1oRsI-00068-00024240-00024413 quicker because she doesn't have to take
NfgIP-1oRsI-00069-00024414-00025937 timeouts
NfgIP-1oRsI-00070-00025938-00026392 classroom
NfgIP-1oRsI-00071-00026393-00026632 so we
NfgIP-1oRsI-00072-00026633-00027001 so we can do the entire cheek for acne
NfgIP-1oRsI-00073-00027002-00027324 scarring in approximately 10 maybe 12
NfgIP-1oRsI-00074-00027325-00027693 minutes using the nitrous oxide the pro
NfgIP-1oRsI-00075-00027694-00028260 NOx system
NfgIP-1oRsI-00076-00028261-00029976 you need to do a little more
NfgIP-1oRsI-00077-00029977-00030470 so overall how did you feel with that
NfgIP-1oRsI-00078-00030470-00030770 okay
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00000-00000035-00000380 Meles Zenawi is race Tigrinya mullahs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00001-00000381-00000686 Zenawi Ezra's pronounced mls maui ASRs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00002-00000687-00000911 listen birth name legacy Sonali is race
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00003-00000911-00001223 the 9th of May 1955 to the 20th of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00004-00001224-00001448 August 2012 was the Prime Minister of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00005-00001449-00001773 Ethiopia from 1995 to his death in 2012
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00006-00001775-00002099 from 1989 he was the chairman of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00007-00002100-00002375 Tigre People's Liberation Front TPL F
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00008-00002376-00002567 and the head of the Ethiopian People's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00009-00002568-00002855 Revolutionary Democratic Front EP RDF
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00010-00002856-00003188 since its formation in 1991 before
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00011-00003189-00003461 becoming prime minister in 1995 he
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00012-00003461-00003647 served as president of the transitional
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00013-00003647-00004001 government of Ethiopia from 1991 to 1995
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00014-00004002-00004301 in 1975 he left Haile Selassie I
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00015-00004302-00004559 University to join the TPL F and oppose
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00016-00004560-00004795 the dirt after the overthrow of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00017-00004796-00004979 Dirk's military government he was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00018-00004980-00005177 elected as president of the transitional
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00019-00005178-00005352 government and later as Prime Minister
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00020-00005353-00005624 he has lifted his country from the ruins
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00021-00005625-00005845 of civil war and transformed it into one
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00022-00005846-00006367 of Africa's fastest-growing economies
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00023-00006368-00006951 topic early life and education
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00024-00006952-00007266 Meli's was born in Adwa tigre in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00025-00007267-00007442 northern ethiopia to an Ethiopian
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00026-00007443-00007716 fathers noe is raised from a DW a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00027-00007717-00007952 analemma Shui Braille oil from Adi Kuala
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00028-00007953-00008241 Eritrea he was the third of six children
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00029-00008242-00008624 his first name at birth was leg s thus
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00030-00008625-00008891 leg s is an OE kiais leg s Zenawi
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00031-00008892-00009146 however he eventually became better
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00032-00009147-00009344 known by his nom de guerre Meli's which
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00033-00009345-00009527 he adopted in honor of university
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00034-00009528-00009755 student and fellow Tigran Meli's Tekel
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00035-00009756-00009912 who was executed by Mingus News
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00036-00009913-00010274 government in 1975 he received primary
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00037-00010275-00010478 education at queen of sheba Junior
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00038-00010479-00010827 School located in Adwa it took him five
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00039-00010828-00010985 years to complete the regular eight
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00040-00010986-00011177 years program as he was able to skip
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00041-00011178-00011438 grades and join the next level he then
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00042-00011439-00011621 joined the prestigious general Wingate
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00043-00011622-00011819 high school in Addis Ababa on full
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00044-00011820-00012044 scholarship and completed high school in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00045-00012045-00012517 1972
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00046-00012518-00013027 topic early political career
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00047-00013028-00013855 topic Ethiopian Civil War 1974 to 1991
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00048-00013856-00014077 after high school Meli's studied
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00049-00014078-00014308 medicine at Addis Ababa University at
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00050-00014309-00014488 the time known as Haile Selassie
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00051-00014488-00014683 University for two years before dropping
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00052-00014684-00014968 out his studies in 1974 to join other
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00053-00014969-00015166 students and form tigran national
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00054-00015166-00015483 organization T&O the forerunner TPL F
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00055-00015484-00015865 ended a bit Tigre origami BER AG a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00056-00015866-00016108 former member of the TPL f notes that
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00057-00016109-00016321 historians John Young and Jenny Hammond
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00058-00016322-00016666 vaguely indicated Meli's is founder TPL
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00059-00016667-00016927 F in their books our Ogawa insists that
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00060-00016928-00017146 both he and sobota Nega joined the front
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00061-00017147-00017437 months after it was founded while a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00062-00017438-00017692 member of the TPL f Meli's established
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00063-00017693-00017922 the Marxist Leninist League of Tigre ml
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00064-00017923-00018280 LT t PLF was one of armed groups
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00065-00018281-00018460 struggling against Lieutenant Colonel
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00066-00018461-00018678 Mingus to Hailemariam in the dirt the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00067-00018679-00018853 hoon to which lead II through PA under
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00068-00018854-00019197 Iron Fist from 1974 to 1991
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00069-00019198-00019414 Meli's was elected member of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00070-00019415-00019650 leadership committee in 1979 and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00071-00019651-00019825 chairman of the executive committee of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00072-00019826-00020221 TP LF in 1983 he was the chairperson of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00073-00020222-00020509 both the TPL F and the epr DF after the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00074-00020510-00020746 epr DF assumed power at the end of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00075-00020747-00021097 ethiopian civil war in 1991 he was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00076-00021098-00021250 president of the transitional government
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00077-00021251-00021568 of Ethiopia tge during which Eritrea
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00078-00021569-00021739 seceded from the country and a federal
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00079-00021740-00021946 government that is based on representing
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00080-00021947-00022105 the nation and nationality of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00081-00022106-00022480 country started
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00082-00022481-00022877 topic presidency of Ethiopia 1991 to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00083-00022878-00023330 1995
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00084-00023331-00023850 topic domestic affairs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00085-00023851-00024164 Meli's stated that EPR DFS victory was a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00086-00024165-00024380 triumph for the thousands of T PLF
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00087-00024381-00024516 fighters who were killed for the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00088-00024517-00024717 millions of Ethiopians who were victims
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00089-00024718-00024885 of the country's biggest famine during
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00090-00024886-00025086 the Derg regime when some estimates put
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00091-00025087-00025358 up to 1.5 million deaths of Ethiopians
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00092-00025359-00025531 from famine and the red terror
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00093-00025532-00025772 accordingly he maintained that the big
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00094-00025773-00025956 support it received from peasants and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00095-00025957-00026235 rural areas helped EP RDF maintain peace
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00096-00026236-00026499 and stability foreign support was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00097-00026500-00026702 diverse the Arab League as well as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00098-00026703-00026955 Western nations supported the EP RDF
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00099-00026956-00027152 rebels against the Communist Moscow
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00100-00027153-00027375 supported government although the TPL F
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00101-00027376-00027573 was at the time Marxist at the height of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00102-00027574-00027876 the Cold War what the implications of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00103-00027877-00028070 this will be in terms of relations
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00104-00028072-00028289 between Ethiopia and the European Union
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00105-00028291-00028508 we will have to wait and see
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00106-00028510-00028680 but I don't think you will be surprised
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00107-00028681-00028905 if Ethiopia were to insist that it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00108-00028906-00029205 should not be patronized the United
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00109-00029206-00029408 States facilitated peace talks between
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00110-00029410-00029682 different rebel groups including ep RDF
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00111-00029683-00029864 and the dirt to bring an end to civil
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00112-00029866-00030071 war which lasted for 17 years and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00113-00030072-00030195 reached some kind of political
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00114-00030195-00030561 settlement in 1991 the talks didn't bear
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00115-00030562-00030810 any fruit as EP RDFS force were moving
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00116-00030811-00030993 to the capital and Mingus too fled the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00117-00030994-00031251 country the United State agreed to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00118-00031252-00031458 support the EP RDF which would have
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00119-00031458-00031629 nevertheless seized power without
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00120-00031630-00031785 anyone's support many angry
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00121-00031786-00032021 demonstrators in Addis Ababa reacted to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00122-00032022-00032229 this by protesting against Herman Cohen
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00123-00032230-00032420 the US State Department's chief of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00124-00032422-00032586 African affairs who attended a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00125-00032587-00032771 conference that demonstrators viewed as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00126-00032772-00033201 legitimizing the EP RDF in July 1991
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00127-00033202-00033486 convention of nationalities was held it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00128-00033487-00033708 was the first Ethiopian multinational
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00129-00033709-00033908 convention where delegates of various
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00130-00033909-00034110 nations and organizations were given
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00131-00034111-00034299 fair and equal representation and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00132-00034300-00034465 observed by various international
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00133-00034466-00034674 organizations including the United
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00134-00034675-00034917 Nations Organization for African Unity
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00135-00034918-00035136 European Economic Community in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00136-00035137-00035597 United States and the United Kingdom
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00137-00035598-00036107 topic foreign affairs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00138-00036108-00036277 although melis and his administration
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00139-00036278-00036508 claimed they preferred a United but
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00140-00036509-00036721 federal state that included the Eritrean
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00141-00036722-00036974 state since melis TP LF thought together
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00142-00036975-00037235 with EP LF melis originally left the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00143-00037236-00037451 decision to the Eritrean citizens in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00144-00037452-00037589 hope that the independence referendum
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00145-00037590-00037808 would vote against secession according
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00146-00037809-00038177 to Time magazine's 1991 analysis however
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00147-00038178-00038417 after the EP LF secured their borders
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00148-00038418-00038617 when Mingus news regime fell and after
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00149-00038618-00038815 the majority of eretrians voted for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00150-00038816-00039089 independence on the 24th of May 1993
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00151-00039090-00039323 Isaiah's affair kabhi came the leader of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00152-00039324-00039629 Eritrea many in the melis administration
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00153-00039630-00039848 as well as opposition parties were angry
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00154-00039849-00040052 over the decision to grant Eritrea its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00155-00040053-00040223 independence despite working together
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00156-00040224-00040439 against the Derg regime Mellie's in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00157-00040440-00040676 forças positive relationship turned sour
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00158-00040677-00040874 after Mellie's succumbed to US pressure
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00159-00040875-00041060 to hold an election within a year but
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00160-00041061-00041285 Africa abandoned his original promise to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00161-00041286-00041461 create a transitional government in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00162-00041462-00041818 early 1990s the aerotrain Ethiopian war
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00163-00041819-00042118 began in May 1998 following the Eritrean
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00164-00042119-00042326 troops invasion of bad me in parts of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00165-00042327-00042557 sure are over 8 us following the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00166-00042558-00042761 invasion Ethiopia demanded that the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00167-00042762-00042952 aerotrain troops leave the invaded areas
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00168-00042953-00043283 completely however President Africa of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00169-00043284-00043514 Eritrea refused to pull out then the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00170-00043515-00043705 Ethiopians responded with huge
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00171-00043706-00043864 counter-offensive measures which
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00172-00043865-00044051 subsequently lead to the capture of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00173-00044052-00044285 disputed bad me area and most parts of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00174-00044286-00044510 Western Eritrea Ethiopian president
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00175-00044511-00044737 Nguesso Kidada gave a victory speech and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00176-00044738-00044896 a peace treaty was signed a few weeks
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00177-00044897-00045124 later according to the peace treaty
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00178-00045125-00045355 Ethiopia then pulled out of the Eritrean
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00179-00045356-00045607 territory though Ethiopian troops
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00180-00045608-00045814 controlled bad me after an international
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00181-00045815-00046012 court ruled that bad me belonged to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00182-00046013-00046249 Eritrea Ethiopia continued to maintain a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00183-00046250-00046457 presence of Ethiopian soldiers in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00184-00046458-00046847 town
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00185-00046848-00047183 topic premiership of ethiopia 1995 to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00186-00047184-00047593 2012
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00187-00047594-00048126 topic domestic affairs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00188-00048127-00048620 topic foreign affairs
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00189-00048621-00048845 Meli's moved to have Ethiopia gain a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00190-00048846-00049036 larger share of the Nile River water
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00191-00049037-00049312 part of this entailed using Ethiopia's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00192-00049313-00049523 hydropower prospects as leverage in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00193-00049524-00049765 exporting power to Egypt amongst others
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00194-00049766-00050005 he had also aided the Sudan People's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00195-00050006-00050246 Liberation Army movement prior to South
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00196-00050247-00050432 Sudan's independence as the rebels
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00197-00050433-00050677 fought the government in Khartoum since
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00198-00050678-00050798 the war on terrorism
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00199-00050799-00051011 Meli's sought to consolidate Ethiopia's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00200-00051012-00051232 hegemony in East Africa including his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00201-00051233-00051433 mediation efforts with Sudan and South
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00202-00051434-00051679 Sudan as well as stabilizing Somalia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00203-00051680-00051829 towards the end of the mandate of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00204-00051830-00052073 transitional federal government though
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00205-00052074-00052252 he had controversially sent troops to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00206-00052253-00052417 fight against the Islamic Courts Union
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00207-00052419-00052666 since 2009 he had been praised for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00208-00052667-00052882 working towards a stable situation along
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00209-00052883-00053247 with the African Union
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00210-00053248-00053704 topic Eritrea
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00211-00053705-00054162 topic Somalia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00212-00054163-00054362 after a threat on an invasion of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00213-00054363-00054644 Ethiopia Meli's declared war on the ICU
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00214-00054645-00055067 in 2006 the Islamic Courts Union ICU
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00215-00055069-00055254 assumed control of much of the southern
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00216-00055254-00055469 part of Somalia and promptly imposed
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00217-00055470-00055724 Sharia law the transitional federal
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00218-00055725-00055919 government sought to re-establish its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00219-00055920-00056103 authority and with the assistance of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00220-00056104-00056304 Ethiopian troops African Union
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00221-00056304-00056472 peacekeepers and air support by the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00222-00056473-00056685 United States managed to drive out the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00223-00056686-00057099 rival ICU on the 8th of January 2007 as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00224-00057100-00057374 the Battle of Roskam boni raged TFG
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00225-00057375-00057563 president and founder Abdullahi Yusuf
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00226-00057564-00057804 Ahmed a former colonel in the Somali
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00227-00057804-00058011 army entered Mogadishu for the first
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00228-00058012-00058280 time since being elected to office the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00229-00058281-00058479 Somali government then relocated to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00230-00058479-00058674 Villa Somalia in the capital from its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00231-00058675-00058947 interim location in Baidoa this marked
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00232-00058948-00059115 the first time since the fall of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00233-00059116-00059369 Siad Barre regime in 1991 that the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00234-00059370-00059537 federal government controlled most of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00235-00059538-00059853 the country in October 2011 a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00236-00059854-00060080 coordinated multinational operation
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00237-00060081-00060275 began against al-shabaab in southern
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00238-00060276-00060454 Somalia with the Ethiopian military
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00239-00060455-00060648 eventually joining the mission the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00240-00060649-00060897 following month according to ram tain
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00241-00060898-00061091 lama mora the o commissioner for peace
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00242-00061092-00061179 and security
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00243-00061179-00061386 the additional Ethiopian and au troop
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00244-00061387-00061574 reinforcements are expected to help the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00245-00061575-00061779 Somali authorities gradually expand
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00246-00061779-00062166 their territorial control
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00247-00062167-00062646 topic climate change
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00248-00062647-00062850 Meli's played an important role in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00249-00062851-00063078 developing the African Union's position
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00250-00063079-00063329 on climate change since 2009 and was a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00251-00063330-00063504 friend of the chair at the 15th
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00252-00063504-00063786 Conference of the parties cop15 to the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00253-00063787-00063992 United Nations Framework Convention on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00254-00063994-00064428 Climate Change UNFCCC on the 31st of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00255-00064429-00064551 August 2009
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00256-00064552-00064728 Meli's was appointed chair of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00257-00064729-00064920 African heads of state and government on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00258-00064921-00065313 climate change see aho SCC the group had
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00259-00065314-00065496 been established following the 4th of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00260-00065497-00065772 February 2009 decision at the 12th ou
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00261-00065773-00065961 Assembly of heads of states to build a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00262-00065962-00066153 common Africa position on climate change
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00263-00066154-00066483 in preparations for cop15 prior to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00264-00066484-00066648 Mellie's appointment but in light of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00265-00066649-00066810 AU's decision and the Algiers
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00266-00066811-00067005 declaration on the African common
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00267-00067006-00067233 platform to Copenhagen on the 19th of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00268-00067234-00067470 May 2009 the Africa group made a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00269-00067471-00067770 submission to the UNFCCC that included
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00270-00067771-00068019 demands for 67 billion dollars per year
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00271-00068020-00068256 in finance for adaptation funding and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00272-00068257-00068436 200 billion dollars per year for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00273-00068437-00068664 mitigation and set targets in terms of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00274-00068665-00068847 reductions of emissions by developed
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00275-00068848-00069003 countries not by reference to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00276-00069004-00069270 temperature on the 3rd of September 2009
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00277-00069271-00069474 Meli's made a speech to the Africa
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00278-00069475-00069750 partnership forum where he said we will
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00279-00069751-00069948 never accept any global deal that does
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00280-00069949-00070131 not limit global warming to the minimum
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00281-00070132-00070350 unavoidable level no matter what levels
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00282-00070351-00070524 of compensation and assistance are
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00283-00070525-00070773 promised to us while we will reason with
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00284-00070774-00070962 everyone to achieve our objective we
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00285-00070963-00071136 will not rubber stamp an agreement by
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00286-00071137-00071313 the powers that be as the best we could
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00287-00071314-00071523 get for the moment we will use our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00288-00071524-00071730 numbers to delegitimize any agreement
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00289-00071731-00071904 that is not consistent with our minimal
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00290-00071905-00072183 position if needs be we are prepared to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00291-00072184-00072360 walk out of any negotiations that
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00292-00072361-00072504 threaten to be another rape of our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00293-00072505-00072851 continent
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00294-00072852-00073330 topic death
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00295-00073331-00073603 in July 2012 questions arose concerning
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00296-00073604-00073834 Mellie's health when he did not attend
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00297-00073835-00074035 African Union summit meetings in Addis
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00298-00074036-00074319 Ababa opposition groups claimed that
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00299-00074320-00074542 melis may have already died on the 16th
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00300-00074543-00074734 of July while undergoing treatment in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00301-00074735-00074797 Belgium
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00302-00074798-00074973 however Deputy Prime Minister
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00303-00074974-00075154 Hailemariam dessaline attributed
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00304-00075155-00075354 Mellie's absence to a minor illness a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00305-00075355-00075586 press conference during which the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00306-00075587-00075754 government plan to clarify Mellie's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00307-00075755-00075967 health status was scheduled for the 18th
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00308-00075968-00076188 of July but postponed until later in the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00309-00076189-00076431 week while the government acknowledged
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00310-00076432-00076626 that Mellie's had been hospitalized it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00311-00076627-00076773 stated that his condition was not
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00312-00076774-00077067 serious there were further rumors of his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00313-00077068-00077232 death when he was not seen in public
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00314-00077233-00077517 after the 2012 g20 summit and at the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00315-00077518-00077655 time of the death of the head of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00316-00077656-00077913 Ethiopian Orthodox Church abouna palos
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00317-00077914-00078292 on the 20th of August Meles Zenawi died
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00318-00078293-00078466 after contracting an infection in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00319-00078467-00078697 Belgium Minister of Information Bereket
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00320-00078698-00078997 Simon announced on state television it's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00321-00078998-00079281 a sad day for Ethiopia the man who led
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00322-00079282-00079506 our country for the past 21 years and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00323-00079507-00079717 brought economic and democratic changes
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00324-00079718-00079990 has died we have lost our respected
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00325-00079991-00080023 leader
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00326-00080024-00080193 Meli's has been receiving treatment
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00327-00080194-00080451 abroad he was getting better and we were
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00328-00080452-00080654 expecting him to return to addis ababa
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00329-00080655-00080931 but he developed a sudden infection and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00330-00080932-00081247 died around 11:40 p.m. last night his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00331-00081248-00081460 body will be returned to Ethiopia soon
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00332-00081461-00081675 we have set up a committee to organise
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00333-00081676-00081906 his funeral more information will be
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00334-00081907-00082137 released about that soon as per a Theo
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00335-00082138-00082374 pian law Hailemariam dessaline has now
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00336-00082375-00082638 taken over the leadership he will also
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00337-00082639-00082804 be in charge of the Ethiopian military
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00338-00082805-00083049 and all other government institutions I
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00339-00083050-00083323 would like to stress nothing in Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00340-00083324-00083526 will change the government will continue
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00341-00083527-00083766 our policies and institutions will
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00342-00083767-00084034 continue nothing will change in Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00343-00084035-00084229 dessaline will be confirmed by
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00344-00084230-00084472 Parliament after his body was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00345-00084473-00084711 repatriated two days later thousands of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00346-00084712-00084906 mourners congregated on streets from the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00347-00084907-00085111 airport to Mellie's former residents to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00348-00085112-00085293 pay their last respects as his coffin
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00349-00085294-00085486 draped in the flag of Ethiopia was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00350-00085487-00085767 accompanied by a military band the event
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00351-00085768-00085986 was attended by political military and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00352-00085987-00086209 religious leaders as well as diplomats
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00353-00086210-00086515 and his wife as MSF in the body will lie
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00354-00086516-00086701 in state and the funeral date set
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00355-00086702-00086947 arranged a declaration of national
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00356-00086948-00087199 mourning was also issued there were also
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00357-00087200-00087424 fears of a power vacuum after his death
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00358-00087425-00087604 as well as a possible detriment to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00359-00087605-00087790 Eritrea Ethiopian relations
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00360-00087791-00087994 Meli's his funeral took place in addis
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00361-00087995-00088264 ababa on the 2nd of september 2012 in a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00362-00088265-00088465 religious ceremony attended by at least
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00363-00088466-00088681 20 African presidents and thousands of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00364-00088682-00089204 Ethiopians gathered in mescal square
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00365-00089205-00089656 topic reactions
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00366-00089657-00089867 political leaders states and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00367-00089868-00090047 institutions offered their thoughts on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00368-00090048-00090329 Mellie's following his death Olympic
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00369-00090330-00090557 gold-medalist Haile Gebrselassie praised
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00370-00090558-00090844 Mellie's achievements secretary-general
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00371-00090845-00091166 ban ki-moon praised Mellie's exceptional
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00372-00091167-00091460 leadership Prime Minister Benjamin
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00373-00091461-00091673 Netanyahu's office issued a statement
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00374-00091674-00091943 that read Netanyahu presented his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00375-00091944-00092174 condolences to the Ethiopian people
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00376-00092175-00092482 Meli's was loved in his country he was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00377-00092483-00092762 also a true friend of Israel during his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00378-00092763-00093011 mandate Ethiopia became one of Israel's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00379-00093012-00093382 closest friends Prime Minister David
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00380-00093383-00093653 Cameron called Meli's an inspirational
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00381-00093654-00094019 spokesman for Africa President Barack
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00382-00094020-00094235 Obama released a statement it was with
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00383-00094236-00094409 sadness that I learned of the passing of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00384-00094410-00094650 Prime Minister Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00385-00094651-00094886 Prime Minister Meles deserves
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00386-00094887-00095038 recognition for his lifelong
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00387-00095039-00095261 contribution to Ethiopia's development
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00388-00095262-00095417 particularly his unyielding commitment
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00389-00095418-00095725 to Ethiopia spor I met with Prime
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00390-00095726-00095954 Minister Meles at the g8 summit in May
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00391-00095955-00096157 and recall my personal admiration for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00392-00096158-00096317 his desire to lift millions of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00393-00096318-00096500 Ethiopians out of poverty through his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00394-00096501-00096767 drive for food security I am also
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00395-00096768-00096965 grateful for Prime Minister Meles a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00396-00096966-00097184 service for peace and security in Africa
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00397-00097185-00097388 his contributions to the African Union
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00398-00097389-00097588 and his voice for Africa on the world
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00399-00097589-00097888 stage on behalf of the American people
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00400-00097889-00098113 I offer my condolences to Prime Minister
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00401-00098114-00098279 Meles family and to the people of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00402-00098280-00098488 Ethiopia on this untimely loss and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00403-00098489-00098684 confirmed the US government's commitment
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00404-00098685-00098956 to our partnership with Ethiopia going
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00405-00098957-00099146 forward we encouraged the government of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00406-00099147-00099338 Ethiopia to enhance its support for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00407-00099339-00099551 development democracy regional stability
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00408-00099552-00099844 and security human rights and prosperity
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00409-00099845-00100132 for its people president Lee myung-bak
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00410-00100133-00100355 released this statement the passing of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00411-00100356-00100556 Prime Minister Meles is being mourned
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00412-00100557-00100882 across the globe we all have just lost a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00413-00100883-00101075 great leader of Ethiopia and a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00414-00101076-00101297 preeminent advocate for Africa and the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00415-00101298-00101723 developing world I pray for the repose
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00416-00101724-00101950 of a truly bright mind who lived an
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00417-00101951-00102256 intense and moving life my close friend
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00418-00102257-00102551 Western NGOs Amnesty International
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00419-00102552-00102725 called for the new administration to end
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00420-00102726-00103022 Mellie's ever increasing repression
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00421-00103023-00103226 and Human Rights Watch similarly added
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00422-00103227-00103384 that the next administration should
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00423-00103385-00103664 repeal the 2009 anti-terrorism law as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00424-00103665-00103928 the New York Times asked about a gap
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00425-00103929-00104128 between the United States of America's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00426-00104129-00104344 strategic and ideological goals in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00427-00104345-00104515 relation to its support for Mellie's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00428-00104516-00104758 government it quoted HRW researcher
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00429-00104759-00104965 Leslie Lefko as saying there is an
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00430-00104966-00105239 opportunity here if donors are shrewd
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00431-00105240-00105454 they will use the opportunity that this
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00432-00105455-00105668 presents to push a much stronger and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00433-00105669-00105886 bolder human right stance and need for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00434-00105888-00106186 reform author Dan Connell who had
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00435-00106188-00106424 interviewed Meli's in June said that he
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00436-00106425-00106636 seemed focused then unwrapping up a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00437-00106638-00106853 number of major projects as if he were
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00438-00106854-00107010 aware the end was near
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00439-00107011-00107333 Meli's knew his days were numbered the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00440-00107333-00107536 Committee to Protect Journalists cited
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00441-00107538-00107696 and criticized the secrecy around
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00442-00107697-00107981 Mellie's death The Washington Post said
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00443-00107982-00108208 that the circumstances of his death
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00444-00108209-00108490 remained laced with intrigue regional
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00445-00108491-00108632 groups responded with the Ogaden
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00446-00108633-00108857 National Liberation Front saying it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00447-00108858-00109103 hoped his death may assure in a new era
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00448-00109104-00109451 of stability and peace an al-shabaab
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00449-00109452-00109678 that it was celebrating the uplifting
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00450-00109679-00110061 news
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00451-00110063-00110583 topic personal life
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00452-00110584-00110845 Meli's acquired an MBA from the Open
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00453-00110846-00111133 University of the United Kingdom in 1995
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00454-00111133-00111346 and a Masters of Science in economics
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00455-00111347-00111523 from the Erasmus University of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00456-00111524-00111933 Netherlands in 2004 in July 2002 he
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00457-00111934-00112120 received an honorary doctoral degree in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00458-00112121-00112290 political science from the hannam
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00459-00112291-00112560 University in South Korea Meles Zenawi
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00460-00112561-00112774 was a follower of the Christian Orthodox
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00461-00112775-00112945 faith and he was a member of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00462-00112946-00113182 Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church from
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00463-00113183-00113370 his baptism at birth till his death
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00464-00113371-00113638 Meli's was married to a Zeb Mesfin a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00465-00113639-00113896 former rebel fighter in the TPL f and as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00466-00113897-00114238 of 2013 a member of parliament Meli's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00467-00114239-00114697 was the father of three children
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00468-00114698-00115200 topic legacy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00469-00115201-00115798 topic titles awards and honors
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00470-00115799-00116056 Prime Minister Meles received various
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00471-00116057-00116251 international awards for setting up a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00472-00116252-00116431 good foundation for the development of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00473-00116432-00116521 Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00474-00116522-00116766 even though Ethiopia remains one of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00475-00116767-00116958 poorest countries in the world the near
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00476-00116959-00117183 double-digit annual economic growth rate
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00477-00117184-00117360 recently is seen as the beginning of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00478-00117361-00117571 Ethiopia's long marathon struggle to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00479-00117572-00117823 eliminate poverty acknowledging the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00480-00117824-00118093 rapid GDP growth of the country the UK
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00481-00118094-00118324 newspaper The Economist said in December
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00482-00118325-00118665 2007 that Ethiopia's economy has been
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00483-00118666-00118902 growing at record speed in recent years
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00484-00118903-00119269 in 2008 the International Monetary Fund
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00485-00119270-00119518 IMF described the speed of Ethiopia's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00486-00119519-00119722 economic growth in recent years as the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00487-00119723-00120019 fastest for a non oil exporting country
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00488-00120020-00120322 in sub-saharan Africa with Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00489-00120323-00120501 ranked as the second most attractive
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00490-00120502-00120706 African country for investors although
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00491-00120707-00120864 many opposition parties and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00492-00120865-00121086 parliamentarian critics disagree some
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00493-00121088-00121311 Ethiopians also portray the arrival date
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00494-00121313-00121597 of melis government the 28th of May 1991
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00495-00121598-00121921 gin bought 20 as the birth of democracy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00496-00121922-00122233 in Ethiopia while diplomats and analysts
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00497-00122233-00122398 say the country is slowly moving towards
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00498-00122399-00122618 democracy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00499-00122619-00122852 before he joined the Medical Faculty of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00500-00122853-00123104 Addis Ababa University Prime Minister
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00501-00123105-00123314 Meles was awarded the Haile Selassie I
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00502-00123315-00123545 prize trust a highly selective award
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00503-00123546-00123692 given only to the most outstanding
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00504-00123693-00123998 graduating students the Rwanda
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00505-00123999-00124181 government awarded Meli's Rwanda
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00506-00124182-00124459 national liberation medal de Rudy in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00507-00124460-00124805 July 2009 for helping to liberate Rwanda
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00508-00124806-00124981 and end the genocide in the country
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00509-00124982-00125258 alongside two other African leaders
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00510-00125258-00125465 Meli's was also given Rwanda highest
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00511-00125466-00125804 accolade the umer NZ medal rwanda
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00512-00125805-00126113 campaigned against genocide medal PM
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00513-00126114-00126341 Meles Zenawi was awarded the World Peace
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00514-00126342-00126518 Prize for his contributions to global
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00515-00126519-00126736 peace and his effort to stabilize the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00516-00126738-00126934 Horn of Africa through cooperation with
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00517-00126935-00127100 intergovernmental authority for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00518-00127101-00127475 development I GAD tabor 100 an African
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00519-00127476-00127609 American entrepreneurs organization
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00520-00127610-00127898 honored PM Meli's for his contribution
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00521-00127899-00128035 toward economic and social
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00522-00128036-00128216 transformation in Africa with its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00523-00128217-00128423 prestigious crystal Eagle International
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00524-00128424-00128825 Leadership Award in April 2005 Tabor 100
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00525-00128826-00129077 a us-based non-governmental organization
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00526-00129078-00129332 calling Meles Zenawi international
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00527-00129333-00129683 leader of the Year 2005 also honoured
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00528-00129683-00129824 the efforts of the Ethiopian government
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00529-00129825-00130067 in general for its war on poverty and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00530-00130068-00130391 backwardness PM Meli's was awarded the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00531-00130392-00130556 good governance award of the global
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00532-00130557-00130718 coalition for Africa for leading
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00533-00130719-00130952 Ethiopia along a democratic path during
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00534-00130953-00131231 the challenging period of transition he
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00535-00131232-00131378 was selected for the good governance
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00536-00131379-00131615 award by the us-based corporate Council
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00537-00131616-00131713 on Africa
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00538-00131714-00132083 PM Meli's received the Norway based 2005
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00539-00132084-00132314 yarra prize for Green Revolution Yara
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00540-00132315-00132512 for initiating a good foundation for
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00541-00132513-00132719 economic progress in Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00542-00132720-00132920 particularly in the agricultural sector
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00543-00132921-00133109 where the poor country has doubled its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00544-00133110-00133337 food production during the awards
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00545-00133338-00133544 ceremony held in the Norwegian capital
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00546-00133545-00133751 of Oslo on the 3rd of September the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00547-00133752-00133961 director of the UN Project for Africa
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00548-00133962-00134234 said with our support Ethiopia can lift
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00549-00134235-00134543 itself from poverty and hunger under
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00550-00134544-00134768 Prime Minister Meles the country has
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00551-00134769-00134975 created the grassroots structure to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00552-00134976-00135214 enable this to happen
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00553-00135215-00135476 Meli's was given the Africa political
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00554-00135477-00135725 leadership award of 2008 by the us-based
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00555-00135726-00135971 newspaper Africa Times
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00556-00135972-00136187 previous winners of the award include
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00557-00136188-00136515 Desmond Tutu Nelson Mandela and others
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00558-00136516-00136751 Ethiopia's military honoured Prime
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00559-00136752-00136961 Minister Meles for his leadership during
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00560-00136962-00137249 the 1998 to 2000 war with its northern
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00561-00137250-00137474 neighbor when Eritrea invaded Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00562-00137475-00137843 in 1998 residents of the historic and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00563-00137844-00138103 ancient UNESCO town of oxime in Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00564-00138104-00138299 honored Prime Minister Meles for his
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00565-00138300-00138512 political and diplomatic leadership role
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00566-00138513-00138698 in the return and re erection of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00567-00138699-00138971 obelisk of Aksum after a 68 year stay in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00568-00138972-00139102 Rome Italy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00569-00139103-00139352 Meli's received a gold Order of Merit
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00570-00139353-00139544 Award from the Confederation of African
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00571-00139545-00140033 football CAF in February 2007 PM Meli's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00572-00140034-00140278 was given the CAF organization's highest
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00573-00140279-00140486 award for his services in advancing the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00574-00140487-00140786 progress of African football Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00575-00140787-00140960 was one of the founding countries of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00576-00140961-00141284 CAF 1957 and the organisation with the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00577-00141285-00141497 dedication of o leaders like Meli's was
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00578-00141498-00141677 celebrating the International Year of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00579-00141678-00142198 African football in 2007
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00580-00142199-00142637 topic positions
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00581-00142638-00142865 Meli's was a co chairperson of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00582-00142866-00143096 global coalition for Africa GCA
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00583-00143097-00143315 the global coalition for Africa brings
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00584-00143316-00143558 together senior African policymakers and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00585-00143559-00143735 their partners to deepen dialogue and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00586-00143736-00143945 build consensus on Africa's priority
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00587-00143946-00144245 development issues Prime Minister Meles
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00588-00144246-00144380 served as the chairman of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00589-00144381-00144569 Organization for African Unity
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00590-00144570-00144863 Oh AU now the African Union Oh from June
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00591-00144864-00145442 1995 to June 1996 in 2007 the African
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00592-00145443-00145622 Union elected Meli's to chair the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00593-00145623-00145805 Executive Committee of the kneepad the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00594-00145806-00146047 new partnership for Africa's development
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00595-00146048-00146327 Meli's was chosen to represent Africa at
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00596-00146328-00146555 the g8 summit and the g20 summit in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00597-00146556-00146746 London
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00598-00146747-00147073 in February 2010 the UN named Ethiopian
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00599-00147074-00147283 Prime Minister Meles as co-chair of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00600-00147284-00147438 advisory group on climate change
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00601-00147439-00147709 financing a new high-level UN advisory
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00602-00147710-00148240 group on climate change financing
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00603-00148241-00148662 pick milestones
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00604-00148663-00148952 several social economic religious and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00605-00148953-00149145 political developments and systems were
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00606-00149146-00149303 established for the first time in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00607-00149304-00149583 Ethiopia under Meli's rule first
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00608-00149584-00149763 regional referendum for peaceful
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00609-00149764-00150195 secession Eritrea 1991 first multi-party
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00610-00150196-00150459 national election for opposition 2000
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00611-00150460-00150866 2005 2010 first institutionalized
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00612-00150867-00151190 linguistic freedom at local level 1994
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00613-00151191-00151603 first ethnic based federalism since 1994
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00614-00151604-00151911 first private media outlets in Ethiopian
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00615-00151912-00152290 history since 1994 first consecutive
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00616-00152291-00152577 double-digit GDP growth International
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00617-00152578-00152934 Monetary Fund since 2006 first
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00618-00152935-00153120 multi-party Parliament with opposition
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00619-00153121-00153513 MPs since 2000 first unrestricted
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00620-00153514-00153704 freedom of religion for evangelicals
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00621-00153705-00154047 Pentecostals since 1994 the Pentecostal
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00622-00154048-00154476 succeeded him in 2012
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00623-00154477-00155008 topic foundation
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00624-00155009-00155194 Meli's was given the Green Revolution
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00625-00155195-00155545 award and a financial prize of $200,000
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00626-00155546-00155739 by the Norwegian yarra foundation in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00627-00155740-00156060 September 2005 in recognition of past
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00628-00156061-00156259 accomplishments and encouragement to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00629-00156260-00156465 achieve economic development for the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00630-00156466-00156748 people of Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00631-00156749-00157093 Meli's donated his $200,000 financial
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00632-00157094-00157414 award to a foundation called free ad as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00633-00157415-00157768 ethiopia women fund free at his Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00634-00157769-00157924 yes attack Mirjam 'hi bir
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00635-00157925-00158194 the free addis ethiopian women fund has
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00636-00158195-00158431 an objective to empower girls through
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00637-00158432-00158679 providing educational opportunities and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00638-00158680-00159058 it currently supports 514 median orphan
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00639-00159059-00159262 rural girls to pursue their education
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00640-00159263-00159651 throughout the country
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00641-00159652-00160185 topic bibliography
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00642-00160186-00160410 the Eritrean struggle from where to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00643-00160411-00160797 where 1980 african development dead ends
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00644-00160798-00161169 and new beginnings 2006 agricultural
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00645-00161170-00161433 development led industrialization adli
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00646-00161434-00161827 strategy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00647-00161828-00162433 topic media appearances
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00648-00162434-00162856 motherland film 2010 teachers TV
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00649-00162857-00163485 interview all Jazeera interview
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00650-00163486-00164054 topic see also
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00651-00164055-00164575 Ethiopian Orthodox as msfn Girma Walde
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00652-00164576-00165157 orgies haile selassie Johan's 3 Tokyo
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00653-00165158-00165358 International Conference on African
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00654-00165359-00165796 Development t I see a div 2008 blanco
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00655-00165797-00166039 cha fight manuel diario de etiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00656-00166040-00166714 madrid VOSA Ediciones 1991
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00657-00166715-00167229 topic quotations
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00658-00167230-00167457 they don't want to see a developed
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00659-00167458-00167709 Africa they want us to remain backward
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00660-00167710-00167978 to serve their tourists as a museum in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00661-00167979-00168234 response to critics of hydro dam and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00662-00168235-00168561 other development projects I regret the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00663-00168562-00168732 deaths but these were not normal
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00664-00168733-00168969 demonstrations you don't see hand
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00665-00168970-00169203 grenades thrown at normal demonstrations
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00666-00169204-00169668 on post-election issue Africa's downfall
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00667-00169669-00169824 has always been the cult of the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00668-00169825-00170097 personality and their names always seem
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00669-00170098-00170334 to begin with em we've had Mobutu and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00670-00170335-00170562 Mingus - and I'm not going to add melis
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00671-00170563-00170844 to the list then we'll be questioning
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00672-00170845-00171123 melis on his exposure to the people we
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00673-00171124-00171291 have taken measures and beefed up our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00674-00171292-00171492 defense capabilities around the border
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00675-00171493-00171636 since December to prevent any
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00676-00171637-00171855 miscalculation by the other side post
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00677-00171856-00171927 Eritrean
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00678-00171928-00172149 Ethiopian War complications countries
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00679-00172150-00172353 pretend their foreign policy is based on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00680-00172354-00172545 democratization when this is clearly not
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00681-00172546-00172803 the case for all the challenges in
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00682-00172804-00173031 Zimbabwe for example it is a bit of a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00683-00173032-00173223 stretch to say it is less democratic
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00684-00173224-00173466 than some of the shikdum of the Gulf but
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00685-00173467-00173625 none of the sheet domes has a problem
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00686-00173626-00173823 visiting Europe Meles Zenawi 'he's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00687-00173824-00174042 response about European sanctions and
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00688-00174043-00174306 travel ban on Zimbabwe Mugabe if it is
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00689-00174307-00174438 presumed that the Kenyans will
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00690-00174439-00174639 democratize in order to eat the peanuts
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00691-00174640-00174798 of development assistance from the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00692-00174799-00175008 European Union it would be a big mistake
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00693-00175009-00175233 Meli's is an always reaction to European
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00694-00175234-00175521 threat of sanctions on Kenya democracy
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00695-00175522-00175689 is the expression of a sovereign people
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00696-00175690-00175971 to impose it from outside as inherently
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00697-00175972-00176178 undemocratic melis interviewed by the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00698-00176179-00176337 Guardian it's true we have our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00699-00176338-00176544 disagreements on border issues we have
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00700-00176545-00176724 disagreements on trade and related
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00701-00176725-00176886 issues but you don't go invading a
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00702-00176887-00177060 country whenever you have a dispute on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00703-00177061-00177321 trade issues we have more civilized
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00704-00177322-00177546 mechanisms on resolving such problems
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00705-00177547-00177816 after Eritrea's attack on Mekel ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00706-00177817-00178011 america didn't give us any money because
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00707-00178012-00178284 of Somalia intervention this doesn't
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00708-00178285-00178500 mean America hasn't given us food aid or
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00709-00178501-00178785 money for HIV prevention before it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00710-00178786-00178989 certainly has but we aren't going to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00711-00178990-00179226 fight Somalia using condoms Meli's is
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00712-00179227-00179457 replied to MP [__] MX's teasing
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00713-00179458-00179616 question on whether America gave
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00714-00179617-00179826 financial support to Ethiopia for the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00715-00179827-00180084 Somalia intervention this is not your
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00716-00180085-00180309 run-of-the-mill demonstration this is an
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00717-00180310-00180510 orange revolution gone wrong p.m.
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00718-00180511-00180618 Mellie's accusing
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00719-00180619-00180887 position parties for the violence I have
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00720-00180888-00181086 never heard of any convincing reason as
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00721-00181087-00181284 to why we should privatize land at this
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00722-00181285-00181434 stage part of p.m. Mellie's
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00723-00181435-00181676 controversial reply to dr. Abdul Majeed
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00724-00181677-00181904 huh seein the violence has marred the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00725-00181905-00182153 image of Ethiopia the worst is clearly
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00726-00182154-00182370 behind us and we do not expect any such
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00727-00182371-00182532 violence in the near future on
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00728-00182533-00182748 post-election events even when we obey
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00729-00182749-00182973 international laws after exhausting all
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00730-00182974-00183176 peaceful means some countries might not
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00731-00183177-00183369 support our move to defend Ethiopia
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00732-00183370-00183551 because of their own national interests
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00733-00183552-00183839 or diplomatic rationale so what do we do
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00734-00183840-00184110 two choices either we seat and welcome
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00735-00184111-00184296 our enemies to invade our homes or we
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00736-00184297-00184427 stand up for ourselves
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00737-00184428-00184671 I hope Parliament chooses the second
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00738-00184672-00184833 option we don't need the blessing of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00739-00184834-00185019 other nations to defend our country
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00740-00185020-00185184 Meli's speaking to Parliament about
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00741-00185185-00185409 Somali Islamic courts from Amharic
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00742-00185410-00185639 translation I am proud to be an
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00743-00185640-00185871 Ethiopian I am proud to be a part of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00744-00185872-00185936 that history
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00745-00185937-00186089 Meli's speaking to American
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00746-00186090-00186290 intellectuals about Ethiopia and its
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00747-00186291-00186573 history when they Somali jihadists
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00748-00186574-00186759 controlled the whole of Somalia it would
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00749-00186760-00186938 be very naive to assume that they will
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00750-00186939-00187139 mend their ways cease to be terrorists
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00751-00187140-00187344 and become very civilized in very tame
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00752-00187345-00187581 Pussycats interview with AP on Somali
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00753-00187582-00187877 extremists as we respond to the assault
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00754-00187878-00188082 of our enemy and defend our country we
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00755-00188083-00188282 must never break international laws
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00756-00188283-00188544 crime cannot be solved by more crime
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00757-00188545-00188769 Meles Zenawi speaking to parliament the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00758-00188770-00189065 23rd of november 2006 from amharic
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00759-00189066-00189314 translation we believe the problem
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00760-00189315-00189512 between ourselves and Eritrea will have
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00761-00189513-00189701 to be resolved through dialogue but it
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00762-00189702-00189909 takes two to tango on border dispute
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00763-00189910-00190107 with Eritrea the rest of the contextual
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00764-00190108-00190332 factors have no relevance whatsoever to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00765-00190333-00190611 the investigative process indeed they
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00766-00190612-00190814 remind me of the famous Tina Turner song
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00767-00190815-00191027 what's love got to do with it Meles
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00768-00191028-00191274 Zenawi 'he's response to EU eom implying
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00769-00191275-00191511 mrs. Anna Gomez's alleged contradicting
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00770-00191512-00191769 accusations so why don't you give them
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00771-00191770-00191963 an additional concessions we said what
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00772-00191964-00192203 concessions concessions from our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00773-00192204-00192408 sovereignty that has never been done by
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00774-00192409-00192645 any government in Ethiopia in 3,000
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00775-00192646-00192819 years that is the only thing of great
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00776-00192820-00192999 value what we have inherited from our
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00777-00193000-00193224 past our unflinching determination to
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00778-00193225-00193446 keep our country independent even if we
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00779-00193447-00193649 are dying of hunger response to --use
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00780-00193650-00193824 demands for Eritrea while they are
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00781-00193825-00193991 entitled to their own opinion the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00782-00193992-00194126 government and this country are
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00783-00194127-00194348 incapable unwilling and unable to be run
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00784-00194349-00194547 like some Banana Republic from Capitol
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00785-00194548-00194810 Hill it is very worrisome that some of
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00786-00194811-00194960 these individuals appear to have
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00787-00194961-00195159 entertained such views in response
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00788-00195160-00195353 representative Donald Payne's pressure
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00789-00195354-00195895 for hi Lucia will and Co
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00790-00195896-00196416 topic references
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00791-00196417-00196961 topic external links
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00792-00196962-00197280 biography column archived at the
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00793-00197281-00197700 Guardian appearances on c-span Meles
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00794-00197701-00198087 Zenawi on IMDB works by or about Meles
Nhe4r0PGsx4-00795-00198088-00198492 Zenawi in library's WorldCat catalog
NmMop24T0jk-00000-00000046-00000340 Theravada Buddhism is the religion of 70
NmMop24T0jk-00001-00000341-00000539 point two percent of the population of
NmMop24T0jk-00002-00000540-00000821 sri lanka the island has been a center
NmMop24T0jk-00003-00000822-00000970 of buddhist scholarship and learning
NmMop24T0jk-00004-00000971-00001174 since the introduction of Buddhism in
NmMop24T0jk-00005-00001175-00001418 the third century BCE producing eminent
NmMop24T0jk-00006-00001419-00001595 scholars such as Buddha Gosa and
NmMop24T0jk-00007-00001596-00001764 preserving the vast pali canon
NmMop24T0jk-00008-00001766-00002014 throughout most of its history Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00009-00002016-00002195 Lankan kings have played a major role in
NmMop24T0jk-00010-00002196-00002363 the maintenance and revival of the
NmMop24T0jk-00011-00002364-00002537 Buddhist institutions of the island
NmMop24T0jk-00012-00002538-00002809 during the 19th century a modern
NmMop24T0jk-00013-00002810-00002981 Buddhist revival took place on the
NmMop24T0jk-00014-00002982-00003140 island which promoted Buddhist education
NmMop24T0jk-00015-00003141-00003245 and learning
NmMop24T0jk-00016-00003246-00003490 there are around 6,000 Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00017-00003492-00003665 monasteries on Sri Lanka with
NmMop24T0jk-00018-00003665-00004173 approximately 15,000 monks
NmMop24T0jk-00019-00004174-00004673 topic history
NmMop24T0jk-00020-00004674-00005223 topic introduction of Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00021-00005224-00005460 according to traditional sri lankan
NmMop24T0jk-00022-00005461-00005667 chronicles such as the DePalma huh
NmMop24T0jk-00023-00005668-00005871 Buddhism was introduced into sri lanka
NmMop24T0jk-00024-00005872-00006108 in the third century BCE after the third
NmMop24T0jk-00025-00006109-00006270 buddhist council by our gente
NmMop24T0jk-00026-00006271-00006489 mohenjo-daro son of emperor ashoka
NmMop24T0jk-00027-00006490-00006684 during the reign of Deven MPO tissa of
NmMop24T0jk-00028-00006684-00006966 anuradhapura after the arrival of era
NmMop24T0jk-00029-00006967-00007134 gente Mahinda he invited his sister
NmMop24T0jk-00030-00007134-00007368 Sangha medithera to bring a sapling of
NmMop24T0jk-00031-00007369-00007518 the Bodhi tree where Buddha was
NmMop24T0jk-00032-00007519-00007713 enlightened to Sri Lanka and the first
NmMop24T0jk-00033-00007714-00007929 Buddhist monastery monuments and monk
NmMop24T0jk-00034-00007930-00008169 were introduced among these the
NmMop24T0jk-00035-00008170-00008370 isurumuniya and the VESA Guria remain
NmMop24T0jk-00036-00008371-00008640 important centers of worship he is also
NmMop24T0jk-00037-00008641-00008820 credited with the construction of the
NmMop24T0jk-00038-00008821-00009057 path amok acedia the gem bacala vihara
NmMop24T0jk-00039-00009058-00009237 and the hath al-haqqani Hara in the
NmMop24T0jk-00040-00009238-00009498 refectory the Pali Canon having
NmMop24T0jk-00041-00009499-00009687 previously been preserved as an oral
NmMop24T0jk-00042-00009688-00009860 tradition was first converted into
NmMop24T0jk-00043-00009861-00010218 writing in Sri Lanka around 30 BCE along
NmMop24T0jk-00044-00010219-00010368 with Mahinda came his sibling
NmMop24T0jk-00045-00010369-00010599 Sanghamitra she gave the nun ordinance
NmMop24T0jk-00046-00010600-00010977 to women devotees Maha Vamsi section 29
NmMop24T0jk-00047-00010978-00011142 records that during the rule of the
NmMop24T0jk-00048-00011143-00011358 greco-bactrian kingdom and ER the first
NmMop24T0jk-00049-00011359-00011604 a Yona head monk named Maha Dharma Roxy
NmMop24T0jk-00050-00011605-00011846 - led 30,000 Buddhist monks from the
NmMop24T0jk-00051-00011847-00012252 Greek city of Alessandra V around 150
NmMop24T0jk-00052-00012253-00012501 kilometres 93 miles north of modern
NmMop24T0jk-00053-00012502-00012756 Kabul Afghanistan to Sri Lanka for the
NmMop24T0jk-00054-00012757-00012947 dedication of the ruin Wella saya in
NmMop24T0jk-00055-00012949-00013149 anuradhapura indicating that greco
NmMop24T0jk-00056-00013150-00013383 buddhism contributed to early sri lankan
NmMop24T0jk-00057-00013384-00013980 buddhism see also the Melinda Panna
NmMop24T0jk-00058-00013981-00014507 topic center of Pali literature
NmMop24T0jk-00059-00014508-00014750 as a result of the work of Buddha Gosa
NmMop24T0jk-00060-00014751-00014960 and other compilers such as dhamma paulo
NmMop24T0jk-00061-00014961-00015203 sri lanka developed a strong tradition
NmMop24T0jk-00062-00015204-00015386 of written textual transmission of the
NmMop24T0jk-00063-00015387-00015680 pali canon the compilation of the ithaca
NmMop24T0jk-00064-00015681-00015881 the commentaries along with the nakaya's
NmMop24T0jk-00065-00015882-00016043 and other patacas were committed to
NmMop24T0jk-00066-00016044-00016187 writing for the first time in the
NmMop24T0jk-00067-00016188-00016369 alluvial rock temple during the first
NmMop24T0jk-00068-00016371-00016673 century BCE buddhist literature in
NmMop24T0jk-00069-00016674-00016988 Sinhalese also thrived and by 410 sri
NmMop24T0jk-00070-00016989-00017174 lankan monks traveled widely throughout
NmMop24T0jk-00071-00017175-00017670 india and asia introducing their works
NmMop24T0jk-00072-00017671-00018241 topic Theravada subdivisions
NmMop24T0jk-00073-00018242-00018444 over much of the early history of
NmMop24T0jk-00074-00018445-00018643 Buddhism in sri lanka three subdivisions
NmMop24T0jk-00075-00018644-00018864 of Theravada existed in sri lanka
NmMop24T0jk-00076-00018865-00019063 consisting of the monks of the three
NmMop24T0jk-00077-00019064-00019378 mahavihara anuradhapura mahavihara Abby
NmMop24T0jk-00078-00019379-00019564 Aguirre vihara and Jeddah Vanara Maya
NmMop24T0jk-00079-00019565-00019882 the Anuradhapura mahavihara was the
NmMop24T0jk-00080-00019883-00020065 first tradition to be established while
NmMop24T0jk-00081-00020066-00020278 Abby Aguirre vihara and Jeddah Vanara
NmMop24T0jk-00082-00020279-00020458 Maya were established by monks who had
NmMop24T0jk-00083-00020459-00020638 broken away from the mahavihara a
NmMop24T0jk-00084-00020639-00020974 tradition according to a ke warder the
NmMop24T0jk-00085-00020975-00021190 Indian Maquis Osaka established itself
NmMop24T0jk-00086-00021191-00021405 in Sri Lanka alongside the Theravada 's
NmMop24T0jk-00087-00021406-00021591 into which they were later absorbed
NmMop24T0jk-00088-00021592-00021865 northern regions of sri lanka also
NmMop24T0jk-00089-00021866-00022036 seemed to have been ceded to sex from
NmMop24T0jk-00090-00022037-00022234 india at certain times in the seventh
NmMop24T0jk-00091-00022235-00022435 century zong zong wrote of two major
NmMop24T0jk-00092-00022436-00022663 divisions of Theravada Buddhism in Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00093-00022664-00022837 Lanka referring to the abbe Aguirre
NmMop24T0jk-00094-00022838-00023100 tradition as the Maha Yanis Taveras and
NmMop24T0jk-00095-00023101-00023341 the mahavihara tradition as the canoe
NmMop24T0jk-00096-00023342-00023665 Yanis to Varys Abby Aguirre appears to
NmMop24T0jk-00097-00023666-00023842 have been a center for Mahayana and
NmMop24T0jk-00098-00023843-00024150 Vajrayana teachings Zhan Zhong writes
NmMop24T0jk-00099-00024151-00024415 the Maha the Hara basins reject the
NmMop24T0jk-00100-00024416-00024643 Mahayana and practice the Hinayana while
NmMop24T0jk-00101-00024644-00024850 the abaya of a Hara basin study both
NmMop24T0jk-00102-00024851-00025078 henna Jana and Mahayana teachings and
NmMop24T0jk-00103-00025079-00025240 propagate the TripIt aka
NmMop24T0jk-00104-00025241-00025459 in the 8th century both Mahayana and
NmMop24T0jk-00105-00025460-00025683 Vajrayana Buddhism were being practiced
NmMop24T0jk-00106-00025685-00025875 in Sri Lanka and to Indian monks
NmMop24T0jk-00107-00025876-00026094 responsible for propagating Vajrayana
NmMop24T0jk-00108-00026095-00026323 Buddhism in China vara Bodi and Mo
NmMop24T0jk-00109-00026324-00026524 Guevara visited the island during this
NmMop24T0jk-00110-00026525-00026767 time in pali commentaries terms used for
NmMop24T0jk-00111-00026768-00026946 the Mahayana ins of Abby Aguirre were
NmMop24T0jk-00112-00026947-00027283 vitally vitally and vidalia according to
NmMop24T0jk-00113-00027283-00027451 a char Pereira the Theravada
NmMop24T0jk-00114-00027452-00027633 commentaries considered them heretical
NmMop24T0jk-00115-00027635-00027927 and their doctrines included they held
NmMop24T0jk-00116-00027928-00028081 the view that the Buddha having been
NmMop24T0jk-00117-00028082-00028267 born in the tusita heaven lived there
NmMop24T0jk-00118-00028268-00028440 and never came down to earth and it was
NmMop24T0jk-00119-00028441-00028630 only a created form that appeared among
NmMop24T0jk-00120-00028631-00028933 men this created form in Ananda who
NmMop24T0jk-00121-00028933-00029086 learned from it preached the doctrine
NmMop24T0jk-00122-00029087-00029314 they also held that nothing whatever
NmMop24T0jk-00123-00029314-00029524 given to the order bears fruit for the
NmMop24T0jk-00124-00029525-00029701 Sangha which in the ultimate sense of
NmMop24T0jk-00125-00029702-00029845 the term meant only the path and
NmMop24T0jk-00126-00029845-00030033 fruition x' does not accept anything
NmMop24T0jk-00127-00030033-00030280 according to them any human pair may
NmMop24T0jk-00128-00030281-00030495 enter upon sexual intercourse by mutual
NmMop24T0jk-00129-00030497-00030835 consent
NmMop24T0jk-00130-00030836-00031419 topic accounts of Chinese pilgrims
NmMop24T0jk-00131-00031420-00031701 in the 5th century vaccean visited sri
NmMop24T0jk-00132-00031702-00031883 lanka and lived there for two years with
NmMop24T0jk-00133-00031885-00032172 the monks vaccean obtained a sanskrit
NmMop24T0jk-00134-00032173-00032367 copy of the Vinaya of the maquis osaka
NmMop24T0jk-00135-00032368-00032766 at the abbey a giri vihara C 406 the
NmMop24T0jk-00136-00032767-00032997 Maha Sasaki vania was then translated
NmMop24T0jk-00137-00032998-00033312 into Chinese in 434 by Buddha Jeeva and
NmMop24T0jk-00138-00033313-00033615 Xue Shan this translation of the mahisha
NmMop24T0jk-00139-00033616-00033816 Sokka Vanya remains extant in the
NmMop24T0jk-00140-00033817-00033996 Chinese Buddhist Canon as tatio
NmMop24T0jk-00141-00033997-00034329 Tripitaka 14:21 the 7th century pilgrims
NmMop24T0jk-00142-00034330-00034536 on Zhong first learned for several years
NmMop24T0jk-00143-00034537-00034707 at Nollan de and then intended to go to
NmMop24T0jk-00144-00034708-00034857 Sri Lanka to seek out further
NmMop24T0jk-00145-00034858-00034938 instruction
NmMop24T0jk-00146-00034939-00035226 however after meeting Sri Lankan monks
NmMop24T0jk-00147-00035227-00035382 in the chola capital who were refugees
NmMop24T0jk-00148-00035383-00035727 he decided not to visit at the time of
NmMop24T0jk-00149-00035728-00035949 Hyun sangs visit the capital was visited
NmMop24T0jk-00150-00035950-00036177 by 300 bhikshus of salon who had left
NmMop24T0jk-00151-00036178-00036366 the island in consequence of famine and
NmMop24T0jk-00152-00036367-00036633 revolution there on the pilgrim telling
NmMop24T0jk-00153-00036634-00036831 them of his intended visit to salon for
NmMop24T0jk-00154-00036832-00036987 instruction they told him that there
NmMop24T0jk-00155-00036988-00037161 were no brethren their superior to them
NmMop24T0jk-00156-00037162-00037416 then the pilgrim discussed some yoga
NmMop24T0jk-00157-00037417-00037569 texts with them and found that their
NmMop24T0jk-00158-00037570-00037773 explanations could not excel those given
NmMop24T0jk-00159-00037774-00038220 to him by sila Bhadra at Nalanda
NmMop24T0jk-00160-00038221-00038849 topic decline and revival from the fifth
NmMop24T0jk-00161-00038850-00039062 century to the 11th century the island
NmMop24T0jk-00162-00039063-00039282 of Sri Lanka saw continuous warfare
NmMop24T0jk-00163-00039283-00039512 between local kings pretenders and
NmMop24T0jk-00164-00039513-00039671 foreign invaders such as the South
NmMop24T0jk-00165-00039672-00039960 Indian chola and Pena dynasties this
NmMop24T0jk-00166-00039961-00040185 warfare saw the sacking of viharas and
NmMop24T0jk-00167-00040186-00040343 made the situation difficult for
NmMop24T0jk-00168-00040344-00040671 Buddhism in 1070 Vijaya ba who I of
NmMop24T0jk-00169-00040672-00040877 Polana Rua conquered the island and said
NmMop24T0jk-00170-00040878-00041118 about repairing the monasteries the
NmMop24T0jk-00171-00041119-00041340 state of Sri Lankan Buddhism was so bad
NmMop24T0jk-00172-00041341-00041529 at this time that he could not find five
NmMop24T0jk-00173-00041530-00041708 bhikkhus in the whole island to ordain
NmMop24T0jk-00174-00041709-00041898 more monks and restore the monastic
NmMop24T0jk-00175-00041899-00042083 tradition therefore he sent an embassy
NmMop24T0jk-00176-00042084-00042318 to Burma which sent back several eminent
NmMop24T0jk-00177-00042319-00042570 elders with Buddhist texts the King
NmMop24T0jk-00178-00042571-00042765 oversaw the ordination of thousands of
NmMop24T0jk-00179-00042766-00043035 monks the royal reforming of Sri Lankan
NmMop24T0jk-00180-00043036-00043233 Buddhism continued under Parekh Rama
NmMop24T0jk-00181-00043234-00043536 bahu I see 11:53 who restored many
NmMop24T0jk-00182-00043537-00043799 stupas and monasteries during this
NmMop24T0jk-00183-00043800-00043983 period Sri Lankan buddhist literature
NmMop24T0jk-00184-00043984-00044202 thrived once again and the three great
NmMop24T0jk-00185-00044203-00044462 writers maha kassapa Thera of dim bulaga
NmMop24T0jk-00186-00044463-00044733 la raja mahavihara Mogollon ethera and
NmMop24T0jk-00187-00044734-00044910 sorry pada Thera compiled pali
NmMop24T0jk-00188-00044911-00045215 commentaries and sub commentaries Parekh
NmMop24T0jk-00189-00045216-00045496 rama bahu - of damn bada MIA from si
NmMop24T0jk-00190-00045497-00045735 12:36 was a learned King and wrote
NmMop24T0jk-00191-00045736-00046283 several Sinhalese Buddhist texts
NmMop24T0jk-00192-00046284-00046560 topic abolition of other Theravada
NmMop24T0jk-00193-00046561-00046939 traditions
NmMop24T0jk-00194-00046940-00047207 before the 12th century more rulers of
NmMop24T0jk-00195-00047208-00047416 sri lanka gave support and patronage to
NmMop24T0jk-00196-00047417-00047638 the Abia Geary's and travelers such as
NmMop24T0jk-00197-00047639-00047851 fax Ian saw the Abia Geary's as the main
NmMop24T0jk-00198-00047852-00048104 Buddhist tradition in Sri Lanka the
NmMop24T0jk-00199-00048105-00048277 trend of Abia Giri being the dominant
NmMop24T0jk-00200-00048278-00048511 sect changed in the 12th century when
NmMop24T0jk-00201-00048512-00048712 the mahavihara gained the political
NmMop24T0jk-00202-00048713-00049036 support of Perak Rama BA who I 1153 to
NmMop24T0jk-00203-00049037-00049315 1186 who completely abolished the Abbey
NmMop24T0jk-00204-00049316-00049570 Aguirre in Jeddah vinaya traditions the
NmMop24T0jk-00205-00049571-00049747 monks of these two traditions were then
NmMop24T0jk-00206-00049748-00049918 defrocked and given the choice of either
NmMop24T0jk-00207-00049919-00050125 returning to the lady permanently or
NmMop24T0jk-00208-00050126-00050287 attempting reordan ation under the
NmMop24T0jk-00209-00050288-00050532 mahavihara a tradition as salmon heiress
NmMop24T0jk-00210-00050533-00050818 parikamma ba who also appointed a sangha
NmMop24T0jk-00211-00050819-00051100 raha King of the Sangha a monk who would
NmMop24T0jk-00212-00051101-00051250 preside over the Sangha and its
NmMop24T0jk-00213-00051251-00051430 ordinations in Sri Lanka with the
NmMop24T0jk-00214-00051431-00051844 assistance of two deputies
NmMop24T0jk-00215-00051845-00052379 topic Mahayana legacy
NmMop24T0jk-00216-00052379-00052632 veneration of Avalokitesvara has
NmMop24T0jk-00217-00052633-00052821 continued to the present day in Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00218-00052822-00053094 Lanka where he is called Natha in more
NmMop24T0jk-00219-00053095-00053310 recent times some Western educated
NmMop24T0jk-00220-00053311-00053457 theravadan have attempted to identify
NmMop24T0jk-00221-00053458-00053622 Natha with Maitreya
NmMop24T0jk-00222-00053623-00053937 however traditions and basic iconography
NmMop24T0jk-00223-00053938-00054144 including an image of Amitabha on his
NmMop24T0jk-00224-00054145-00054498 crown identify data as Avalokitesvara it
NmMop24T0jk-00225-00054499-00054704 is clear from sculptural evidence alone
NmMop24T0jk-00226-00054705-00054882 that the Mahayana was fairly widespread
NmMop24T0jk-00227-00054883-00055098 throughout sri lanka although the modern
NmMop24T0jk-00228-00055099-00055284 account of the history of buddhism on
NmMop24T0jk-00229-00055285-00055500 the island presents an unbroken and pure
NmMop24T0jk-00230-00055501-00055716 lineage of Theravada one can only assume
NmMop24T0jk-00231-00055716-00055896 that similar trends were transmitted to
NmMop24T0jk-00232-00055897-00056109 other parts of Southeast Asia with sri
NmMop24T0jk-00233-00056110-00056334 lankan ordination lineages relics of an
NmMop24T0jk-00234-00056335-00056526 extensive cult of Avalokiteshvara
NmMop24T0jk-00235-00056527-00056705 can be seen in the present-day figure of
NmMop24T0jk-00236-00056707-00057041 nasa early reports by europeans from the
NmMop24T0jk-00237-00057042-00057270 18th century describe the buddhist monks
NmMop24T0jk-00238-00057271-00057465 of sri lanka as being engaged in the
NmMop24T0jk-00239-00057466-00057678 recitation of mantras and using Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00240-00057679-00057861 prayer beads for counting as practiced
NmMop24T0jk-00241-00057862-00058248 in Mahayana Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00242-00058249-00058932 topic lineage continuity sri lanka has
NmMop24T0jk-00243-00058933-00059109 the longest continuous history of
NmMop24T0jk-00244-00059110-00059310 buddhism of any Buddhist nation with the
NmMop24T0jk-00245-00059311-00059480 Sangha having existed in a largely
NmMop24T0jk-00246-00059482-00059679 unbroken lineage since its introduction
NmMop24T0jk-00247-00059679-00060021 in the third century BCE during periods
NmMop24T0jk-00248-00060022-00060230 of decline the sri lankan monastic
NmMop24T0jk-00249-00060232-00060413 lineage was revived through contact with
NmMop24T0jk-00250-00060414-00060804 burma and thailand
NmMop24T0jk-00251-00060805-00061479 topic colonialism and Christianity from
NmMop24T0jk-00252-00061480-00061744 the 16th century onward missionaries and
NmMop24T0jk-00253-00061745-00061945 Portuguese Dutch and British colonizers
NmMop24T0jk-00254-00061946-00062149 of Sri Lanka have attempted to convert
NmMop24T0jk-00255-00062150-00062442 the local population to Christianity the
NmMop24T0jk-00256-00062444-00062599 wars with the Portuguese and their
NmMop24T0jk-00257-00062600-00062923 allies weakened the Sangha in 1592 the
NmMop24T0jk-00258-00062924-00063127 mala dharma surya i of candy sauteed
NmMop24T0jk-00259-00063128-00063330 from burma in order to ordain buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00260-00063332-00063490 monks on the island as there was hardly
NmMop24T0jk-00261-00063491-00063703 a single properly ordained monk left
NmMop24T0jk-00262-00063704-00064090 from 1612 to 1658 the dutch in the
NmMop24T0jk-00263-00064091-00064261 portuguese fought over the island with
NmMop24T0jk-00264-00064262-00064429 the Sinhalese cut in the middle the
NmMop24T0jk-00265-00064429-00064612 dutch won and occupied the maritime
NmMop24T0jk-00266-00064613-00064771 sections of the island that had been
NmMop24T0jk-00267-00064772-00065053 occupied by the portuguese until 1796
NmMop24T0jk-00268-00065054-00065224 when they surrendered their territories
NmMop24T0jk-00269-00065225-00065442 to the British the Dutch were less
NmMop24T0jk-00270-00065444-00065602 zealous than the Portuguese in their
NmMop24T0jk-00271-00065603-00065773 religious proselytizing though they
NmMop24T0jk-00272-00065774-00065959 still discriminated against Buddhists
NmMop24T0jk-00273-00065960-00066118 which were not allowed to register with
NmMop24T0jk-00274-00066119-00066298 the local authorities there for many
NmMop24T0jk-00275-00066299-00066492 Sinhalese pretended to be Protestant
NmMop24T0jk-00276-00066493-00066751 during this period many religiously
NmMop24T0jk-00277-00066752-00066934 inclined Sinhalese rulers of the
NmMop24T0jk-00278-00066935-00067144 interior such as veer and Narendra Sinha
NmMop24T0jk-00279-00067145-00067570 of candy 17:06 to 1739 and Shri Vijaya
NmMop24T0jk-00280-00067571-00067822 Raja Senna of candy 17:39
NmMop24T0jk-00281-00067823-00068143 to 1747 continued to patronize Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00282-00068144-00068467 restoring temples and monasteries in the
NmMop24T0jk-00283-00068468-00068701 mid 18th century the higher ordination
NmMop24T0jk-00284-00068702-00068902 of Buddhist monks known as up assam pada
NmMop24T0jk-00285-00068903-00069085 which was defunct at the time was
NmMop24T0jk-00286-00069086-00069265 revived with the help of thai buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00287-00069266-00069457 monks on the initiatives taken by welly
NmMop24T0jk-00288-00069458-00069688 we - Reis Erin Ankara Theroux during the
NmMop24T0jk-00289-00069689-00069898 reign of King Keerthi Sri Raja Singh in
NmMop24T0jk-00290-00069899-00070153 1813 the American salon mission
NmMop24T0jk-00291-00070154-00070455 Protestant was established in Jaffna in
NmMop24T0jk-00292-00070456-00070759 1815 a British Army captured candy and
NmMop24T0jk-00293-00070760-00070963 deposed the Sinhalese King ending a line
NmMop24T0jk-00294-00070964-00071284 of Buddhist kings lasting 2301 years
NmMop24T0jk-00295-00071285-00071653 they retained Sri Lanka until 1948 like
NmMop24T0jk-00296-00071654-00071812 the Dutch the British refused to
NmMop24T0jk-00297-00071813-00072010 register unbaptized infants and to
NmMop24T0jk-00298-00072011-00072283 accept non-christian marriages they also
NmMop24T0jk-00299-00072284-00072454 always preferred Christians in
NmMop24T0jk-00300-00072455-00072664 government administration the British
NmMop24T0jk-00301-00072665-00072850 also supported various Christian
NmMop24T0jk-00302-00072851-00073024 missionary groups who established
NmMop24T0jk-00303-00073025-00073303 schools on the island education in these
NmMop24T0jk-00304-00073304-00073525 schools which disparage Buddhism were a
NmMop24T0jk-00305-00073526-00073734 requirement for government office
NmMop24T0jk-00306-00073735-00073960 missionaries also wrote tracts in
NmMop24T0jk-00307-00073961-00074143 Sinhalese attacking Buddhism and
NmMop24T0jk-00308-00074144-00074534 promoting Christianity
NmMop24T0jk-00309-00074535-00075096 topic Buddhist revival
NmMop24T0jk-00310-00075097-00075342 in the 19th century the National
NmMop24T0jk-00311-00075343-00075546 Buddhist movement began as a response to
NmMop24T0jk-00312-00075547-00075723 Christian proselytizing and was
NmMop24T0jk-00313-00075724-00075887 empowered by the results of the pan
NmMop24T0jk-00314-00075888-00076094 adora debate between Christian priests
NmMop24T0jk-00315-00076095-00076274 and Buddhist monks such as wat
NmMop24T0jk-00316-00076275-00076493 gaan ananda Thera and he kaduche risa
NmMop24T0jk-00317-00076494-00076698 mingle ethera which was widely seen as a
NmMop24T0jk-00318-00076699-00077030 victory for the buddhists in 1880 Henry
NmMop24T0jk-00319-00077031-00077255 steel Olcott arrived in Sri Lanka with
NmMop24T0jk-00320-00077256-00077417 Madame Blavatsky of the Theosophical
NmMop24T0jk-00321-00077418-00077663 Society he had been inspired when he
NmMop24T0jk-00322-00077664-00077835 read about the Panna Dora debate and
NmMop24T0jk-00323-00077836-00078021 after learning about Buddhism converted
NmMop24T0jk-00324-00078022-00078234 to the religion all cut and the
NmMop24T0jk-00325-00078235-00078437 Sinhalese Buddhist leaders established
NmMop24T0jk-00326-00078438-00078636 the Buddhist Theosophical Society in
NmMop24T0jk-00327-00078637-00078810 1880 with the goal of establishing
NmMop24T0jk-00328-00078811-00079047 Buddhist schools there were only three
NmMop24T0jk-00329-00079048-00079361 at the time by 1940 there were 429
NmMop24T0jk-00330-00079362-00079601 Buddhist schools on the island the
NmMop24T0jk-00331-00079602-00079854 society also had its own publications to
NmMop24T0jk-00332-00079855-00080069 promote Buddhism the Sinhalese newspaper
NmMop24T0jk-00333-00080070-00080310 Serra Savas and rasa and it's English
NmMop24T0jk-00334-00080311-00080594 counterpart the Buddhist as a result of
NmMop24T0jk-00335-00080595-00080786 their efforts Vesak became a public
NmMop24T0jk-00336-00080787-00081003 holiday Buddhist registrars of marriage
NmMop24T0jk-00337-00081004-00081155 were allowed an interest in Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00338-00081156-00081443 increased another important figure in
NmMop24T0jk-00339-00081444-00081662 the revival as an Agora Kodama Paulo
NmMop24T0jk-00340-00081663-00081897 initially an interpreter for Olcott who
NmMop24T0jk-00341-00081898-00082059 travelled around the island preaching
NmMop24T0jk-00342-00082060-00082343 and writing after traveling to India he
NmMop24T0jk-00343-00082344-00082568 established the maha bodhi society in
NmMop24T0jk-00344-00082569-00082832 1891 whose goal was to revive Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00345-00082833-00083000 in India and restore the ancient
NmMop24T0jk-00346-00083001-00083265 Buddhist shrines at Bodh Gaya sarnath
NmMop24T0jk-00347-00083266-00083492 and cushion ARA his efforts saw the
NmMop24T0jk-00348-00083493-00083697 restoration of these sites and a renewal
NmMop24T0jk-00349-00083698-00083861 of interest in Buddhism among some
NmMop24T0jk-00350-00083862-00084143 Indians the associations of the Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00351-00084144-00084356 revival also contributed much to the
NmMop24T0jk-00352-00084357-00084542 publication of Buddhist texts and
NmMop24T0jk-00353-00084543-00084757 promotion of Buddhist scholarship
NmMop24T0jk-00354-00084758-00085025 revivalist Buddhist scholars include Sir
NmMop24T0jk-00355-00085026-00085353 DB Jaya tilaka Fr Samana yaki wala singh
NmMop24T0jk-00356-00085354-00085679 harichandra and w aid to Silva several
NmMop24T0jk-00357-00085680-00085850 Buddhist shrines were also rebuilt
NmMop24T0jk-00358-00085851-00086091 Buddhist leaders were also active in the
NmMop24T0jk-00359-00086092-00086279 movement for Sri Lankan independence
NmMop24T0jk-00360-00086280-00086531 since independence Buddhism has
NmMop24T0jk-00361-00086532-00086796 continued to thrive on the island the
NmMop24T0jk-00362-00086797-00086991 Buddhist revival also resulted in
NmMop24T0jk-00363-00086992-00087179 Sinhala Buddhist scarying the torch of
NmMop24T0jk-00364-00087180-00087366 Buddhism and igniting it on foreign
NmMop24T0jk-00365-00087367-00087638 shores and agaric adharma pala and
NmMop24T0jk-00366-00087639-00087867 ahsoka we Ratna are two such leading
NmMop24T0jk-00367-00087868-00088104 pioneers among many others they
NmMop24T0jk-00368-00088105-00088301 pioneered the establishment of Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00369-00088302-00088448 viharas in Europe
NmMop24T0jk-00370-00088449-00088643 an egg Erica founded the London Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00371-00088644-00088955 Vihara in 1926 while ahsoka we retina
NmMop24T0jk-00372-00088956-00089117 opened a new chapter for the spread of
NmMop24T0jk-00373-00089118-00089303 Buddhism in Germany in Europe by
NmMop24T0jk-00374-00089304-00089483 establishing the Berlin Buddhist Vihara
NmMop24T0jk-00375-00089484-00089729 in dr. Paul dolls das Buddhist teach
NmMop24T0jk-00376-00089730-00089999 house in 1957 with monks from Sri Lanka
NmMop24T0jk-00377-00090000-00090194 stationed on a long-term footing to
NmMop24T0jk-00378-00090195-00090419 spread the Dhamma this was the first
NmMop24T0jk-00379-00090420-00090659 Theravada Buddhist Vihara in Germany and
NmMop24T0jk-00380-00090660-00090941 continental Europe since the Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00381-00090942-00091148 revival Sri Lanka has also been an
NmMop24T0jk-00382-00091149-00091328 important center of Western Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00383-00091329-00091562 scholarship one of the first Western
NmMop24T0jk-00384-00091563-00091829 bhikkhus nyamata loca maha Thera studied
NmMop24T0jk-00385-00091830-00092033 in Sri Lanka established the island
NmMop24T0jk-00386-00092034-00092204 Hermitage there and ordained several
NmMop24T0jk-00387-00092205-00092492 Western monks Western monks who studied
NmMop24T0jk-00388-00092493-00092669 in the island Hermitage such as Nana
NmMop24T0jk-00389-00092670-00092987 Mele bik Lu and then nyan upon Dhaka who
NmMop24T0jk-00390-00092988-00093173 established the Buddhist publication
NmMop24T0jk-00391-00093174-00093368 society along with bhikkhu bodhi were
NmMop24T0jk-00392-00093369-00093536 responsible for many important
NmMop24T0jk-00393-00093537-00093740 translations of the Pali canon and other
NmMop24T0jk-00394-00093741-00093970 texts on Buddhism in English and German
NmMop24T0jk-00395-00093971-00094250 topic bikuni ordination a few years
NmMop24T0jk-00396-00094251-00094466 after the arrival of Mahinda bikuni
NmMop24T0jk-00397-00094467-00094649 sangha mehta who is also believed to be
NmMop24T0jk-00398-00094650-00094850 the daughter of emperor ashoka came to
NmMop24T0jk-00399-00094851-00095117 sri lanka she started the first nun's
NmMop24T0jk-00400-00095118-00095318 order in Sri Lanka but this order of
NmMop24T0jk-00401-00095319-00095555 nuns died out in Sri Lanka in the 11th
NmMop24T0jk-00402-00095556-00095840 century many women have been ordained in
NmMop24T0jk-00403-00095841-00096284 Sri Lanka since 1996 in 1996 through the
NmMop24T0jk-00404-00096285-00096494 efforts of sakya DITA an international
NmMop24T0jk-00405-00096495-00096710 Buddhist women Association Theravada
NmMop24T0jk-00406-00096711-00096962 bikuni order was revived when 11 Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00407-00096963-00097184 Lankan women received full ordination in
NmMop24T0jk-00408-00097185-00097424 sarnath India in a procedure held by Van
NmMop24T0jk-00409-00097425-00097712 dough tango Tiruvannamalai era in the
NmMop24T0jk-00410-00097713-00097994 late van Nepali Gama vipolis aromatic
NmMop24T0jk-00411-00097995-00098207 era of the maha bodhi society in india
NmMop24T0jk-00412-00098208-00098384 with assistance from monks and nuns of
NmMop24T0jk-00413-00098385-00098660 korean chögyal order some bikuni
NmMop24T0jk-00414-00098661-00098825 ordinations were carried out with the
NmMop24T0jk-00415-00098826-00099011 assistance of nuns from the East Asian
NmMop24T0jk-00416-00099012-00099191 tradition others were carried out by the
NmMop24T0jk-00417-00099192-00099533 Theravada monks order alone since 2005
NmMop24T0jk-00418-00099534-00099764 many ordination ceremonies for women
NmMop24T0jk-00419-00099765-00099929 have been organised by the head of the
NmMop24T0jk-00420-00099930-00100139 dambulla chapter of the Siam nakiya in
NmMop24T0jk-00421-00100140-00100457 Sri Lanka topic Buddhist monastic groups
NmMop24T0jk-00422-00100458-00100622 the different sects of the Sri Lankan
NmMop24T0jk-00423-00100623-00100808 Buddhist clergy are referred to as
NmMop24T0jk-00424-00100809-00101021 nakaya's and three main nakaya's are
NmMop24T0jk-00425-00101022-00101129 siam nakiya
NmMop24T0jk-00426-00101130-00101444 founded in the 18th century by van Upali
NmMop24T0jk-00427-00101445-00101693 Thera a Siamese monk who was invited by
NmMop24T0jk-00428-00101694-00101829 the King Kurdish Riyadh
NmMop24T0jk-00429-00101830-00102051 of candy and on the initiative of welly
NmMop24T0jk-00430-00102052-00102354 we - Rhys Aaron Ankara Thera amarapura
NmMop24T0jk-00431-00102355-00102608 nakiya founded in 1800 with higher
NmMop24T0jk-00432-00102609-00102822 ordination obtained from Myanmar Burma
NmMop24T0jk-00433-00102823-00103160 Ramananda kaya founded in 1864 by an
NmMop24T0jk-00434-00103161-00103358 bagga howitzer in Ankara within these
NmMop24T0jk-00435-00103359-00103539 three main divisions there are numerous
NmMop24T0jk-00436-00103540-00103736 other divisions some of which are caste
NmMop24T0jk-00437-00103738-00104016 based there are no doctrinal differences
NmMop24T0jk-00438-00104017-00104253 among any of them topic demographics
NmMop24T0jk-00439-00104254-00104478 buddhism in sri lanka is predominantly
NmMop24T0jk-00440-00104479-00104688 practiced by the Sinhalese however the
NmMop24T0jk-00441-00104689-00104931 2012 sri lanka census revealed a
NmMop24T0jk-00442-00104932-00105273 Buddhist population of 22,000 254
NmMop24T0jk-00443-00105274-00105489 including 11 monks amongst the Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00444-00105490-00105705 Lankan Tamil population accounting to
NmMop24T0jk-00445-00105706-00105963 roughly 1% of all Sri Lankan Tamils in
NmMop24T0jk-00446-00105964-00106380 Sri Lanka in 1988 almost 93 percent of
NmMop24T0jk-00447-00106381-00106596 the Sinhalese speaking population in Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00448-00106597-00106866 Lanka were Buddhist topics see also
NmMop24T0jk-00449-00106867-00107097 Sinhalese people early Buddhist schools
NmMop24T0jk-00450-00107098-00107301 demographics of sri lanka rahul
NmMop24T0jk-00451-00107302-00107538 sankrityayan vaccean solo smashed on
NmMop24T0jk-00452-00107539-00107772 atopic references topic bibliography
NmMop24T0jk-00453-00107773-00108126 Gombrich richard 2012 buddhist precept
NmMop24T0jk-00454-00108127-00108519 and practice route llege ISBN 978 one
NmMop24T0jk-00455-00108520-00108863 one three six one five six two three six
NmMop24T0jk-00456-00108864-00109194 mcevil e thomas 2012 the shape of
NmMop24T0jk-00457-00109195-00109395 ancient thought comparative studies in
NmMop24T0jk-00458-00109396-00109701 Greek and Indian philosophies constable
NmMop24T0jk-00459-00109702-00109998 & Robinson ISBN nine seven eight one
NmMop24T0jk-00460-00109999-00110234 five eight one one five nine three three
NmMop24T0jk-00461-00110235-00110727 two Mukerjee Radha Kumud 1998 ancient
NmMop24T0jk-00462-00110728-00110931 Indian education brahmanical and
NmMop24T0jk-00463-00110932-00110991 Buddhist
NmMop24T0jk-00464-00110992-00111378 motilal banarsidass PU BL ISBN nine
NmMop24T0jk-00465-00111379-00111597 seven eight eight one two oh eight oh
NmMop24T0jk-00466-00111598-00111760 four two three four
NmMop24T0jk-00467-00111761-00111959 topic further reading Tessa
NmMop24T0jk-00468-00111960-00112118 Bartholomew's first among equals
NmMop24T0jk-00469-00112119-00112395 Buddhism and the Sri Lankan State in Ian
NmMop24T0jk-00470-00112396-00112623 Harris IDI Buddhism and politics in
NmMop24T0jk-00471-00112624-00112896 twentieth-century Asia London New York
NmMop24T0jk-00472-00112897-00113592 continuum 1999 PP 173 to 193 Mahinda D
NmMop24T0jk-00473-00113593-00113814 Gayle popularizing Buddhism preaching
NmMop24T0jk-00474-00113815-00114096 his performance in Sri Lanka Albany New
NmMop24T0jk-00475-00114097-00114338 York State University of New York Press
NmMop24T0jk-00476-00114339-00114729 2006 Richard Gombrich Theravada Buddhism
NmMop24T0jk-00477-00114730-00114983 a social history from ancient Benares to
NmMop24T0jk-00478-00114984-00115176 modern Colombo second draft
NmMop24T0jk-00479-00115177-00115575 egg London route alleged 2006 Langer
NmMop24T0jk-00480-00115576-00115797 Reda Buddhist rituals of death and
NmMop24T0jk-00481-00115798-00115857 rebirth
NmMop24T0jk-00482-00115858-00116058 a study of contemporary Sri Lankan
NmMop24T0jk-00483-00116058-00116349 practice in its origins Abington route
NmMop24T0jk-00484-00116350-00116406 Lynch
NmMop24T0jk-00485-00116407-00116781 2007 ISBN oh four one five three nine
NmMop24T0jk-00486-00116782-00117185 four nine six one Sri Lanka's admirable
NmMop24T0jk-00487-00117186-00117366 Buddhist missionary achievements in the
NmMop24T0jk-00488-00117367-00117734 West
NmMop24T0jk-00489-00117735-00118273 topic external links
NmMop24T0jk-00490-00118274-00118564 mohamad now a Buddhist monastery Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00491-00118565-00118849 Lanka food activity Dharma centers
NmMop24T0jk-00492-00118850-00119179 database the Maha Vamsi a history of Sri
NmMop24T0jk-00493-00119180-00119435 Lanka the great chronicle of Sri Lanka
NmMop24T0jk-00494-00119436-00119695 Colonel Olcott and the Buddhist revival
NmMop24T0jk-00495-00119696-00120172 in Sri Lanka kalani Raja mahavihara the
NmMop24T0jk-00496-00120173-00120420 Dhamma proclaimed by the Gautama Buddha
NmMop24T0jk-00497-00120421-00120855 religious protect her from ethnic strife
NmSri2B5DIQ-00000-00000003-00000407 in mathematics a rational number as any
NmSri2B5DIQ-00001-00000408-00000638 number that can be expressed as the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00002-00000639-00000986 quotient or fraction P Q of two integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00003-00000986-00001358 a numerator P and a nonzero denominator
NmSri2B5DIQ-00004-00001359-00001826 Q since Q may be equal to one every
NmSri2B5DIQ-00005-00001827-00002222 integer as a rational number the set of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00006-00002223-00002504 all rational numbers often referred to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00007-00002505-00002963 as the rationals the field of rationals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00008-00002964-00003217 or the field of rational numbers as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00009-00003218-00003538 usually denoted by a boldface Q or
NmSri2B5DIQ-00010-00003539-00003963 blackboard bold Q
NmSri2B5DIQ-00011-00003964-00004515 display style math b/q unicode it was
NmSri2B5DIQ-00012-00004516-00004886 thus denoted in 1895 by giuseppe peano
NmSri2B5DIQ-00013-00004887-00005515 after quo gentei italian for quotient
NmSri2B5DIQ-00014-00005516-00005749 the decimal expansion of a rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00015-00005750-00006064 number always either terminates after a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00016-00006065-00006358 finite number of digits or begins to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00017-00006359-00006619 repeat the same finite sequence of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00018-00006620-00006981 digits over and over moreover any
NmSri2B5DIQ-00019-00006981-00007252 repeating or terminating decimal
NmSri2B5DIQ-00020-00007253-00007558 represents a rational number these
NmSri2B5DIQ-00021-00007559-00007852 statements hold true not just for base
NmSri2B5DIQ-00022-00007853-00008181 10 but also for any other integer base
NmSri2B5DIQ-00023-00008183-00008743 eg binary hexadecimal a real number that
NmSri2B5DIQ-00024-00008744-00009054 is not rational as called irrational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00025-00009055-00009406 irrational numbers include square root 2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00026-00009407-00009958 pi e and Phi the decimal expansion of an
NmSri2B5DIQ-00027-00009959-00010219 irrational number continues without
NmSri2B5DIQ-00028-00010220-00010537 repeating since the set of rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00029-00010538-00010810 numbers as countable and the set of real
NmSri2B5DIQ-00030-00010811-00011140 numbers as uncountable almost all real
NmSri2B5DIQ-00031-00011141-00011437 numbers are irrational rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00032-00011438-00011719 can be formally defined as equivalence
NmSri2B5DIQ-00033-00011720-00012115 classes of pairs of integers P Q such
NmSri2B5DIQ-00034-00012116-00012405 that Q does not equal zero for the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00035-00012406-00012810 equivalence relation defined by P 1 Q 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00036-00012811-00013402 tilde P 2 Q 2 if and only if P 1 Q 2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00037-00013403-00013900 equals P 2 Q 1 with this formal
NmSri2B5DIQ-00038-00013901-00014272 definition the fraction P Q becomes the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00039-00014272-00014527 standard notation for the equivalence
NmSri2B5DIQ-00040-00014528-00015034 class of P Q rational numbers together
NmSri2B5DIQ-00041-00015035-00015337 with addition and multiplication form a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00042-00015338-00015634 field which contains the integers and as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00043-00015635-00015916 contained in any field containing the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00044-00015916-00016312 integers in other words the field of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00045-00016313-00016624 rational numbers as a prime field and a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00046-00016625-00016936 field has characteristic 0 if and only
NmSri2B5DIQ-00047-00016937-00017239 if it contains the rational numbers as a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00048-00017240-00017650 subfield finite extensions of Q are
NmSri2B5DIQ-00049-00017651-00017947 called algebraic number fields and the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00050-00017948-00018265 algebraic closure of Q as the field of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00051-00018266-00018553 algebraic numbers in mathematical
NmSri2B5DIQ-00052-00018554-00018859 analysis the rational numbers form a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00053-00018860-00019228 dense subset of the real numbers the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00054-00019229-00019495 real numbers can be constructed from the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00055-00019496-00019792 rational numbers by completion using
NmSri2B5DIQ-00056-00019793-00020086 Cauchy sequences Dedekind cuts or
NmSri2B5DIQ-00057-00020087-00020449 infinite decimals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00058-00020450-00020793 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00059-00020794-00021398 topic terminology
NmSri2B5DIQ-00060-00021399-00021692 the term rational in reference to the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00061-00021693-00022022 set Q refers to the fact that a rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00062-00022023-00022280 number represents a ratio of two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00063-00022281-00022771 integers in mathematics rational is
NmSri2B5DIQ-00064-00022772-00023116 often used as a noun abbreviating
NmSri2B5DIQ-00065-00023117-00023309 rational number
NmSri2B5DIQ-00066-00023310-00023669 the adjective rational sometimes means
NmSri2B5DIQ-00067-00023670-00023903 that the coefficients or rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00068-00023904-00024287 numbers for example a rational point as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00069-00024288-00024554 a point with rational coordinates that
NmSri2B5DIQ-00070-00024555-00024830 is a point whose coordinates or rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00071-00024831-00025151 numbers a rational matrix as a matrix of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00072-00025152-00025457 rational numbers a rational polynomial
NmSri2B5DIQ-00073-00025458-00025679 may be a polynomial with rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00074-00025680-00025931 coefficients although the term
NmSri2B5DIQ-00075-00025932-00026326 polynomial over the rationals is
NmSri2B5DIQ-00076-00026327-00026600 generally preferred for avoiding
NmSri2B5DIQ-00077-00026601-00027079 confusion with rational expression end
NmSri2B5DIQ-00078-00027080-00027476 rational function a polynomial as a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00079-00027477-00027737 rational expression and defines a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00080-00027738-00027964 rational function even if its
NmSri2B5DIQ-00081-00027964-00028297 coefficients are not rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00082-00028298-00028661 however a rational curve is not a curve
NmSri2B5DIQ-00083-00028662-00028949 defined over the rationals but a curve
NmSri2B5DIQ-00084-00028950-00029255 which can be parameterized by rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00085-00029256-00029537 functions
NmSri2B5DIQ-00086-00029538-00029883 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00087-00029885-00030482 topic arithmetic
NmSri2B5DIQ-00088-00030483-00030770 topic irreducible fraction every
NmSri2B5DIQ-00089-00030770-00031043 rational number may be expressed in a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00090-00031044-00031352 unique way as an irreducible fraction a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00091-00031352-00031652 B where a and B are co-prime integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00092-00031652-00032129 and B greater than zero this is often
NmSri2B5DIQ-00093-00032130-00032477 called the canonical form starting from
NmSri2B5DIQ-00094-00032477-00032849 a rational number a/b its canonical form
NmSri2B5DIQ-00095-00032850-00033170 may be obtained by dividing a and B by
NmSri2B5DIQ-00096-00033171-00033683 their greatest common divisor and if B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00097-00033684-00034006 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00098-00034007-00034656 topic embedding of integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00099-00034657-00034992 any integer in can be expressed as the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00100-00034993-00035292 rational number n1 which as its
NmSri2B5DIQ-00101-00035293-00035777 canonical form as a rational number
NmSri2B5DIQ-00102-00035778-00036098 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00103-00036099-00036652 topic equality
NmSri2B5DIQ-00104-00036653-00037225 a B equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00105-00037226-00037408 see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00106-00037409-00037589 d
NmSri2B5DIQ-00107-00037590-00038341 display style frac a B equals frac C D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00108-00038342-00039064 if and only if a D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00109-00039065-00039586 equals B see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00110-00039587-00040143 display style ad equals BC if both
NmSri2B5DIQ-00111-00040144-00040562 fractions are in canonical form then
NmSri2B5DIQ-00112-00040563-00041100 a B equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00113-00041101-00041286 see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00114-00041287-00041470 d
NmSri2B5DIQ-00115-00041471-00042218 display style frac a B equals frac C D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00116-00042219-00042530 if and only if
NmSri2B5DIQ-00117-00042531-00042723 Oh
NmSri2B5DIQ-00118-00042724-00042884 equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00119-00042885-00043811 see display style a equals c and b
NmSri2B5DIQ-00120-00043812-00044609 equals D display style B equals D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00121-00044610-00044876 topic ordering if both denominators are
NmSri2B5DIQ-00122-00044877-00045173 positive and in particular if both
NmSri2B5DIQ-00123-00045174-00045548 fractions are in canonical form ABCD
NmSri2B5DIQ-00124-00045549-00046097 display style frac a B if and only if ad
NmSri2B5DIQ-00125-00046098-00046466 BC display style a diffi thurr
NmSri2B5DIQ-00126-00046467-00046730 denominator as negative each fraction
NmSri2B5DIQ-00127-00046731-00047027 with a negative denominator must first
NmSri2B5DIQ-00128-00047028-00047288 be converted into an equivalent form
NmSri2B5DIQ-00129-00047289-00047591 with a positive denominator by changing
NmSri2B5DIQ-00130-00047592-00047840 the signs of both its numerator and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00131-00047841-00048134 denominator
NmSri2B5DIQ-00132-00048135-00048457 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00133-00048458-00048986 topic edition
NmSri2B5DIQ-00134-00048987-00049410 two fractions are added as follows
NmSri2B5DIQ-00135-00049411-00049923 a b-plus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00136-00049924-00051398 see D equals a D plus B see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00137-00051399-00052454 B D display style frac a B plus frac C D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00138-00052454-00053144 equals frac ad plus BC BD if both
NmSri2B5DIQ-00139-00053145-00053429 fractions are in canonical form the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00140-00053429-00053716 result as in canonical form if and only
NmSri2B5DIQ-00141-00053717-00054222 if B and D are cop prime integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00142-00054223-00054547 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00143-00054548-00055115 topic subtraction
NmSri2B5DIQ-00144-00055116-00055484 a bee
NmSri2B5DIQ-00145-00055485-00055674 -
NmSri2B5DIQ-00146-00055675-00055865 see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00147-00055866-00056591 d equals a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00148-00056592-00056973 d- be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00149-00056974-00058164 C B D display style frac a B frac c d
NmSri2B5DIQ-00150-00058165-00058890 equals frac ad BC B D if both fractions
NmSri2B5DIQ-00151-00058891-00059196 are in canonical form the result as in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00152-00059197-00059520 canonical form if and only if B and D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00153-00059521-00059898 are cop prime integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00154-00059899-00060219 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00155-00060220-00060857 topic multiplication
NmSri2B5DIQ-00156-00060858-00061212 the rule for multiplication as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00157-00061213-00061541 a bee
NmSri2B5DIQ-00158-00061542-00061962 see d
NmSri2B5DIQ-00159-00061963-00062284 equals a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00160-00062285-00063452 C B D display style frac a B C D ot frac
NmSri2B5DIQ-00161-00063453-00064248 C D equals frac AC B D even if both
NmSri2B5DIQ-00162-00064249-00064536 fractions are in canonical form the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00163-00064537-00065015 result may be a reducible fraction
NmSri2B5DIQ-00164-00065016-00065337 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00165-00065338-00065863 topic inverse
NmSri2B5DIQ-00166-00065864-00066211 every rational number a/b has an
NmSri2B5DIQ-00167-00066212-00066457 additive inverse often called its
NmSri2B5DIQ-00168-00066458-00066624 opposite
NmSri2B5DIQ-00169-00066625-00066831 -
NmSri2B5DIQ-00170-00066832-00067152 a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00171-00067153-00067369 equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00172-00067370-00067899 - a bee
NmSri2B5DIQ-00173-00067900-00068432 display style left frac a B right equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00174-00068433-00069141 frac a B if a B as in canonical form the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00175-00069142-00069471 same as true for its opposite
NmSri2B5DIQ-00176-00069472-00069830 a nonzero rational number a/b has a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00177-00069831-00070146 multiplicative inverse also called its
NmSri2B5DIQ-00178-00070147-00070346 reciprocal
NmSri2B5DIQ-00179-00070347-00070699 a bee
NmSri2B5DIQ-00180-00070700-00070887 -
NmSri2B5DIQ-00181-00070888-00071104 one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00182-00071105-00071301 equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00183-00071302-00071615 be a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00184-00071616-00072152 display style left frac a B right carrot
NmSri2B5DIQ-00185-00072153-00072674 - 1 equals frac be a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00186-00072675-00073034 if they be as in canonical form then the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00187-00073035-00073282 canonical form of its reciprocal as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00188-00073283-00073427 either
NmSri2B5DIQ-00189-00073428-00073787 be a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00190-00073788-00074476 display style frac be a or
NmSri2B5DIQ-00191-00074477-00074824 - be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00192-00074825-00075161 - OH
NmSri2B5DIQ-00193-00075162-00075773 display style frac b.o depending on the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00194-00075774-00076065 sign of a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00195-00076066-00076388 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00196-00076389-00076921 topic division
NmSri2B5DIQ-00197-00076922-00077347 if both B and C are nonzero the division
NmSri2B5DIQ-00198-00077348-00077537 rule as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00199-00077538-00077874 a bee
NmSri2B5DIQ-00200-00077875-00078449 see D equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00201-00078450-00079780 a D b/c display style frac frac a B frac
NmSri2B5DIQ-00202-00079781-00080651 C D equals frac ad VC thus dividing a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00203-00080652-00081074 by C D as equivalent to multiplying a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00204-00081075-00081620 by the reciprocal of C D a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00205-00081621-00081842 d
NmSri2B5DIQ-00206-00081843-00082750 B C equals a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00207-00082751-00083129 d see
NmSri2B5DIQ-00208-00083130-00083821 display style frac ad BC equals frac a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00209-00083822-00084499 C D ot frac D C
NmSri2B5DIQ-00210-00084500-00084821 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00211-00084822-00085582 topic exponentiation two integer power
NmSri2B5DIQ-00212-00085583-00086067 if in as a non-negative integer then
NmSri2B5DIQ-00213-00086068-00086254 a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00214-00086255-00086424 be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00215-00086425-00087232 in equals a in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00216-00087233-00087944 b/n display style left frac a B right
NmSri2B5DIQ-00217-00087945-00088424 carrot n equals frac I'll carrot in be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00218-00088425-00088826 carrot in the result as in canonical
NmSri2B5DIQ-00219-00088827-00089323 form if the same as true for a B in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00220-00089324-00089547 particular
NmSri2B5DIQ-00221-00089548-00090112 a b0
NmSri2B5DIQ-00222-00090113-00090828 equals one display style left frac a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00223-00090829-00091318 right carrot zero equals one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00224-00091319-00091686 if a does not equal zero then
NmSri2B5DIQ-00225-00091687-00093298 a b-minus in equals B in a N
NmSri2B5DIQ-00226-00093299-00093773 displaced dial left frac a B right
NmSri2B5DIQ-00227-00093774-00094259 carrot n equals frac B carrot in a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00228-00094260-00094766 carrot in if a B as in canonical form
NmSri2B5DIQ-00229-00094767-00095167 the canonical form of the result as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00230-00095168-00095707 be in a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00231-00095708-00095857 in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00232-00095858-00096304 display style frac the carrot in a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00233-00096305-00096799 carrot in if either a greater than 0 or
NmSri2B5DIQ-00234-00096800-00097216 n as even otherwise the canonical form
NmSri2B5DIQ-00235-00097217-00097664 of the result as minus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00236-00097665-00098019 be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00237-00098020-00098248 -
NmSri2B5DIQ-00238-00098249-00098576 a in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00239-00098577-00099026 display style frac the carrot in a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00240-00099027-00099351 carrot in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00241-00099352-00099696 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00242-00099697-00100471 topic continued fraction representation
NmSri2B5DIQ-00243-00100472-00100776 a finite continued fraction as an
NmSri2B5DIQ-00244-00100777-00101731 expression such as a zero plus one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00245-00101732-00103423 Oh one plus one oh two plus one plus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00246-00103424-00103594 one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00247-00103595-00103815 a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00248-00103816-00104474 in displaced ila underscore 0 + c frac
NmSri2B5DIQ-00249-00104475-00105039 100 underscore 1 plus c frac 100
NmSri2B5DIQ-00250-00105040-00105687 underscore 2 plus c frac 1 dDOT's + c
NmSri2B5DIQ-00251-00105688-00106263 frac 100 underscore in where in air
NmSri2B5DIQ-00252-00106264-00106732 integers every rational number a/b can
NmSri2B5DIQ-00253-00106733-00107010 be represented as a finite continued
NmSri2B5DIQ-00254-00107011-00107281 fraction whose coefficient and can be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00255-00107282-00107533 determined by applying the Euclidean
NmSri2B5DIQ-00256-00107533-00107945 algorithm to a/b
NmSri2B5DIQ-00257-00107946-00108289 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00258-00108290-00108971 topic other representations
NmSri2B5DIQ-00259-00108972-00109569 common fraction 8/3
NmSri2B5DIQ-00260-00109570-00110059 display style frac 8/3
NmSri2B5DIQ-00261-00110060-00110838 mixed numeral two two three
NmSri2B5DIQ-00262-00110839-00111401 display style to t frac to three
NmSri2B5DIQ-00263-00111402-00111985 repeating decimal using a vinculum to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00264-00111986-00112619 six display style to over line 6
NmSri2B5DIQ-00265-00112620-00113408 repeating decimal using parenthesis to 6
NmSri2B5DIQ-00266-00113408-00114039 display style to 6 continued fraction
NmSri2B5DIQ-00267-00114040-00115429 using traditional typography 2 plus 1 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00268-00115430-00115649 +12
NmSri2B5DIQ-00269-00115650-00116260 display style 2 plus C frac 1 1 plus C
NmSri2B5DIQ-00270-00116261-00116813 frac 1/2 continued fraction in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00271-00116814-00117398 abbreviated notation 2 1 2 Egyptian
NmSri2B5DIQ-00272-00117399-00118650 fraction 2 plus 1/2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00273-00118651-00119393 +16 display style 2 plus frac 1/2 plus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00274-00119394-00120514 frac 1/6 prime power decomposition 2 3
NmSri2B5DIQ-00275-00120515-00120872 times three
NmSri2B5DIQ-00276-00120873-00121246 - one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00277-00121247-00121611 display style - carrot three times three
NmSri2B5DIQ-00278-00121613-00122155 carrot - one quote notation three six
NmSri2B5DIQ-00279-00122156-00122411 are different ways to represent the same
NmSri2B5DIQ-00280-00122413-00122776 rational value
NmSri2B5DIQ-00281-00122777-00123125 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00282-00123126-00123772 topic formal construction
NmSri2B5DIQ-00283-00123773-00124065 the rational numbers may be built as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00284-00124066-00124353 equivalence classes of ordered pairs of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00285-00124354-00124543 integers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00286-00124544-00125034 more precisely let Z times Z zero be the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00287-00125035-00125149 set of the pairs
NmSri2B5DIQ-00288-00125150-00125491 M n of integers such n does not equal
NmSri2B5DIQ-00289-00125492-00125956 zero an equivalence relation as defined
NmSri2B5DIQ-00290-00125957-00126676 on this set by M 1 n 1 tilde M 2 n 2 if
NmSri2B5DIQ-00291-00126677-00127224 and only if M 1 n 2 equals M 2 N 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00292-00127225-00127507 addition and multiplication can be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00293-00127508-00128526 defined by the following rules M 1 in 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00294-00128527-00130375 plus M 2 in 2 M 1 in 2 plus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00295-00130376-00131301 in one m2 in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00296-00131302-00131482 one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00297-00131483-00131802 in two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00298-00131803-00132218 display style left em underscore one in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00299-00132219-00132561 underscore one right + left em
NmSri2B5DIQ-00300-00132562-00132993 underscore two an underscore to write a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00301-00132994-00133298 quiff left em underscore one in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00302-00133299-00133718 underscore two plus an underscore one em
NmSri2B5DIQ-00303-00133719-00134093 underscore two in underscore one and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00304-00134094-00135068 underscore to write M 1 n
NmSri2B5DIQ-00305-00135069-00135464 one times
NmSri2B5DIQ-00306-00135465-00135827 em too
NmSri2B5DIQ-00307-00135828-00136658 in to m1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00308-00136659-00137296 m2 in one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00309-00137297-00137620 in two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00310-00137621-00138023 display style left em underscore one n
NmSri2B5DIQ-00311-00138024-00138385 underscore one right times left M
NmSri2B5DIQ-00312-00138386-00138798 underscore two n underscore two right
NmSri2B5DIQ-00313-00138799-00139234 equiv left M underscore one M underscore
NmSri2B5DIQ-00314-00139235-00139653 two n underscore one an underscore to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00315-00139654-00140071 write this equivalence relation as a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00316-00140072-00140368 congruence relation which means that it
NmSri2B5DIQ-00317-00140369-00140589 is compatible with the addition and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00318-00140590-00140898 multiplication defined above the set of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00319-00140899-00141225 rational numbers Q as the defined as the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00320-00141226-00141448 quotient set by this equivalence
NmSri2B5DIQ-00321-00141449-00141931 relation z times z 0 tilde equipped with
NmSri2B5DIQ-00322-00141932-00142103 the addition and the multiplication
NmSri2B5DIQ-00323-00142104-00142539 induced by the above operations this
NmSri2B5DIQ-00324-00142540-00142807 construction can be carried out with any
NmSri2B5DIQ-00325-00142808-00143100 integral domain and produces its field
NmSri2B5DIQ-00326-00143101-00143523 of fractions the equivalence class of a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00327-00143524-00144063 pair M n is denoted M
NmSri2B5DIQ-00328-00144064-00144914 in display style frac mn2 pairs m1 n1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00329-00144915-00145425 and m2 n2 belong to the same equivalence
NmSri2B5DIQ-00330-00145426-00145701 class that as are equivalent if and only
NmSri2B5DIQ-00331-00145702-00146237 if m1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00332-00146238-00146628 in two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00333-00146629-00147765 equals m2 n1 display style M underscore
NmSri2B5DIQ-00334-00147766-00148113 one and underscore two equals M
NmSri2B5DIQ-00335-00148114-00148643 underscore two an underscore one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00336-00148644-00148936 this means that
NmSri2B5DIQ-00337-00148937-00149971 M 1 n 1 equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00338-00149972-00150564 m2 in two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00339-00150565-00151073 display style frac em underscore one and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00340-00151074-00151578 underscore one equals frac M underscore
NmSri2B5DIQ-00341-00151579-00152300 two an underscore two if and only
NmSri2B5DIQ-00342-00152301-00152557 m1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00343-00152558-00153128 in two equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00344-00153129-00153496 em too
NmSri2B5DIQ-00345-00153497-00154135 in one display style M underscore one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00346-00154136-00154519 and underscore two equals M underscore
NmSri2B5DIQ-00347-00154520-00155119 two and underscore one every equivalence
NmSri2B5DIQ-00348-00155120-00155479 Class M
NmSri2B5DIQ-00349-00155480-00156159 in display style frac em in may be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00350-00156160-00156430 represented by infinitely many pairs
NmSri2B5DIQ-00351-00156431-00156836 since equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00352-00156837-00157212 - -
NmSri2B5DIQ-00353-00157213-00157353 em
NmSri2B5DIQ-00354-00157354-00158094 - 2n equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00355-00158095-00158451 - em
NmSri2B5DIQ-00356-00158452-00159739 - in equals M n equals 2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00357-00159740-00160747 M to n equals display style CD ot s
NmSri2B5DIQ-00358-00160748-00161269 equals frac minus 2 meters to N equals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00359-00161270-00162079 frac m n equals frac m n equals frac to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00360-00162080-00162655 meters 2 N equals CD OTS it is often
NmSri2B5DIQ-00361-00162656-00162967 convenient to choose once for all in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00362-00162968-00163234 each equivalence class a specific
NmSri2B5DIQ-00363-00163235-00163431 element called the canonical
NmSri2B5DIQ-00364-00163432-00163809 representative element this canonical
NmSri2B5DIQ-00365-00163810-00164173 representative as the unique pair M n in
NmSri2B5DIQ-00366-00164174-00164476 the equivalence class such that m and n
NmSri2B5DIQ-00367-00164477-00164940 are cop Prime and M 0 it is called the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00368-00164941-00165205 representation in lowest terms of the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00369-00165206-00165435 rational number
NmSri2B5DIQ-00370-00165436-00165720 the integers may be considered to be
NmSri2B5DIQ-00371-00165721-00166023 rational numbers identifying the integer
NmSri2B5DIQ-00372-00166024-00166681 n with the rational number in one
NmSri2B5DIQ-00373-00166682-00167296 display style frac in one a total order
NmSri2B5DIQ-00374-00167297-00167587 may be defined on the rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00375-00167588-00167866 that extends the natural order of the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00376-00167867-00168520 integers one has m1 n1 m2 n2 display
NmSri2B5DIQ-00377-00168521-00168927 style frac M underscore one and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00378-00168928-00169462 underscore one le q frac M underscore
NmSri2B5DIQ-00379-00169463-00169954 two and underscore two if M 1 n 2 n 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00380-00169955-00170482 meter 2 if n 1 n 2 greater than 0 or M 1
NmSri2B5DIQ-00381-00170483-00171001 n 2 N 1 meter 2 if n 1 n 2 O display
NmSri2B5DIQ-00382-00171002-00171415 style M underscore one and underscore 2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00383-00171416-00171952 le QN underscore one M underscore 2 quad
NmSri2B5DIQ-00384-00171953-00172323 text if quad and underscore one an
NmSri2B5DIQ-00385-00172324-00172771 underscore 2 greater than zero quad text
NmSri2B5DIQ-00386-00172772-00173224 or quad M underscore one n underscore to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00387-00173225-00173785 GE QN underscore one M underscore 2 quad
NmSri2B5DIQ-00388-00173786-00174162 text if quad and underscore one n
NmSri2B5DIQ-00389-00174163-00174561 underscore 2
NmSri2B5DIQ-00390-00174562-00174891 topic properties the set q together with
NmSri2B5DIQ-00391-00174892-00175022 the addition and multiplication
NmSri2B5DIQ-00392-00175023-00175458 operations shown above forms a field the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00393-00175459-00175749 field of fractions of the integers Z the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00394-00175750-00176006 rationals are the smallest field with
NmSri2B5DIQ-00395-00176007-00176331 characteristic 0 every other field of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00396-00176332-00176685 characteristic 0 contains a copy of Q
NmSri2B5DIQ-00397-00176686-00176952 the rational numbers are therefore the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00398-00176953-00177366 prime field for characteristic 0 the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00399-00177367-00177732 algebraic closure of Q ie the field of
NmSri2B5DIQ-00400-00177733-00178016 roots of rational polynomials is the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00401-00178017-00178379 algebraic numbers the set of all
NmSri2B5DIQ-00402-00178380-00178731 rational numbers as countable since the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00403-00178732-00179025 set of all real numbers as uncountable
NmSri2B5DIQ-00404-00179026-00179343 we say that almost all real numbers are
NmSri2B5DIQ-00405-00179344-00179586 irrational in the sense of lebesgue
NmSri2B5DIQ-00406-00179587-00179895 measure ie the set of rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00407-00179896-00180240 as a null set the rationals are a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00408-00180241-00180519 densely ordered set between any two
NmSri2B5DIQ-00409-00180520-00180789 rationals there sits another one and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00410-00180790-00181245 therefore infinitely many other ones for
NmSri2B5DIQ-00411-00181246-00181598 example for any two fractions such that
NmSri2B5DIQ-00412-00181599-00182220 ABCD display style frac a B where B D
NmSri2B5DIQ-00413-00182221-00182610 display style B D are positive we have a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00414-00182611-00183399 BA D + bc 2 BD c d display style frac a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00415-00183400-00183723 B any totally ordered set which is
NmSri2B5DIQ-00416-00183724-00184026 countable dense in the above sense and
NmSri2B5DIQ-00417-00184027-00184302 has no least or greatest element as
NmSri2B5DIQ-00418-00184303-00184804 order isomorphic to the rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00419-00184805-00185153 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00420-00185154-00185540 topic real numbers and topological
NmSri2B5DIQ-00421-00185541-00186000 properties
NmSri2B5DIQ-00422-00186001-00186309 the rationals are a dense subset of the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00423-00186310-00186578 real numbers every real number has
NmSri2B5DIQ-00424-00186579-00186900 rational numbers arbitrarily close to it
NmSri2B5DIQ-00425-00186901-00187272 a related property as that rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00426-00187273-00187553 numbers are the only numbers with finite
NmSri2B5DIQ-00427-00187554-00187815 expansions as regular continued
NmSri2B5DIQ-00428-00187816-00188011 fractions
NmSri2B5DIQ-00429-00188012-00188332 by virtue of their order the rationals
NmSri2B5DIQ-00430-00188333-00188737 carry an order topology the rational
NmSri2B5DIQ-00431-00188738-00188995 numbers as a subspace of the real
NmSri2B5DIQ-00432-00188996-00189389 numbers also carry a subspace topology
NmSri2B5DIQ-00433-00189390-00189733 the rational numbers form a metric space
NmSri2B5DIQ-00434-00189734-00190077 by using the absolute difference metric
NmSri2B5DIQ-00435-00190078-00190684 D XY
NmSri2B5DIQ-00436-00190685-00191172 topic X minus y and this yields a third
NmSri2B5DIQ-00437-00191173-00191518 topology on Q all three topologies
NmSri2B5DIQ-00438-00191519-00191895 coincide and turn the rationals into a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00439-00191896-00192327 topological field the rational numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00440-00192328-00192574 are an important example of a space
NmSri2B5DIQ-00441-00192575-00193018 which is not locally compact the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00442-00193019-00193260 rationals are characterized
NmSri2B5DIQ-00443-00193261-00193546 topologically as the unique countable
NmSri2B5DIQ-00444-00193547-00193858 met risible space without isolated
NmSri2B5DIQ-00445-00193859-00194274 points the space is also totally
NmSri2B5DIQ-00446-00194275-00194637 disconnected the rational numbers do not
NmSri2B5DIQ-00447-00194638-00194995 form a complete metric space the real
NmSri2B5DIQ-00448-00194996-00195300 numbers are the completion of Q under
NmSri2B5DIQ-00449-00195301-00196022 the metric D X Y
NmSri2B5DIQ-00450-00196023-00196433 X minus y above
NmSri2B5DIQ-00451-00196434-00196779 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00452-00196780-00197419 topic p-adic numbers
NmSri2B5DIQ-00453-00197420-00197760 in addition to the absolute value metric
NmSri2B5DIQ-00454-00197761-00197997 mentioned above there are other metrics
NmSri2B5DIQ-00455-00197998-00198410 which turn Q into a topological field
NmSri2B5DIQ-00456-00198411-00198745 let P be a prime number and for any
NmSri2B5DIQ-00457-00198746-00199191 nonzero integer a let a P equals P minus
NmSri2B5DIQ-00458-00199192-00199611 n where P n as the highest power of P
NmSri2B5DIQ-00459-00199612-00200591 dividing a in addition set 0 P
NmSri2B5DIQ-00460-00200592-00201128 topic zero for any rational number a B
NmSri2B5DIQ-00461-00201129-00201846 we set a B P
NmSri2B5DIQ-00462-00201847-00202226 a P B P
NmSri2B5DIQ-00463-00202227-00202865 then DP X y equals x minus y P defines a
NmSri2B5DIQ-00464-00202866-00203129 metric on Q
NmSri2B5DIQ-00465-00203130-00203534 the metric space q DP is not complete
NmSri2B5DIQ-00466-00203535-00203843 and its completion as the p-adic number
NmSri2B5DIQ-00467-00203844-00204323 field QP ostrowski's theorem states that
NmSri2B5DIQ-00468-00204324-00204644 any non-trivial absolute value on the
NmSri2B5DIQ-00469-00204645-00204919 rational numbers Q is equivalent to
NmSri2B5DIQ-00470-00204921-00205235 either the usual real absolute value or
NmSri2B5DIQ-00471-00205236-00205710 a p-adic absolute value
NmSri2B5DIQ-00472-00205711-00206056 you
NmSri2B5DIQ-00473-00206057-00206663 topic see also
NmSri2B5DIQ-00474-00206664-00207144 floating-point ford circles
NmSri2B5DIQ-00475-00207146-00207730 Nivens theorem rational datatype height
NmSri2B5DIQ-00476-00207731-00207984 of a rational number in lowest term
NmSri2B5DIQ-00477-00207985-00208630 equals naive height Gaussian rational
NnmqXTfv1g8-00000-00000026-00000463 to simplify five to the 7/3 over 5 to
NnmqXTfv1g8-00001-00000463-00000691 the negative 2/3 we start by subtracting
NnmqXTfv1g8-00002-00000692-00001027 the exponents giving us 5 to the 7/3
NnmqXTfv1g8-00003-00001028-00001629 minus a negative 2/3 this gives us 5 to
NnmqXTfv1g8-00004-00001630-00001932 the 9/3 simplifying this gives us 5
NnmqXTfv1g8-00005-00001933-00002409 cubed which is 125 this is our final
NnmqXTfv1g8-00006-00002410-00002632 answer
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00000-00000000-00000214 foreign
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00001-00000215-00000607 [Music]
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00002-00000608-00000923 to another expert inside interview my
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00003-00000924-00001097 name is John golden from sales pop
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00004-00001098-00001501 online sales magazine and pipeliner CRM
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00005-00001502-00001798 joining you as usual from a sunny San
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00006-00001800-00001991 Diego and today I am delighted to be
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00007-00001992-00002363 joined by Melanie moosen who is in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00008-00002364-00002668 Belgrade Montana how you doing Melanie
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00009-00002669-00002849 I'm doing well
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00010-00002850-00003221 excellent excellent um and Melanie is a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00011-00003222-00003406 insurance and finance writer I have
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00012-00003407-00003475 clear
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00013-00003476-00003653 assurance.com and what we're going to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00014-00003654-00003869 talk about today is how real estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00015-00003870-00004277 agents can boost their sales so Melanie
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00016-00004278-00004613 this is this is a timely uh topic given
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00017-00004614-00004913 the changes in the real estate market uh
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00018-00004914-00005051 because that's face it over the last
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00019-00005052-00005195 while with the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00020-00005196-00005399 with the boom
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00021-00005400-00005591 um it's probably been
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00022-00005592-00005891 so easier to sell than ever and now
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00023-00005892-00006088 we're coming into this uh we're coming
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00024-00006089-00006370 into a bit of a a clawback it's going to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00025-00006371-00006587 be a little harder so real selling
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00026-00006588-00006941 skills are are going to be
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00027-00006942-00007192 um Paramount in this market I mean we've
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00028-00007193-00007427 already seen Fortune is saying your new
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00029-00007428-00007609 home sales are going to be down 22
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00030-00007609-00008039 existing sales down 17 percent
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00031-00008040-00008495 um but uh so what do you say to to those
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00032-00008496-00008645 Realtors and maybe ones who've come into
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00033-00008646-00008891 the market even like relatively recently
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00034-00008892-00009214 who it's all been seemed pretty easy and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00035-00009215-00009419 now they're going to be faced with a lot
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00036-00009420-00009587 of challenges how can they maximize
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00037-00009588-00009737 their sales and how can they put them in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00038-00009738-00009863 their themselves in the best position
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00039-00009864-00010031 possible
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00040-00010032-00010324 well you're absolutely right we are
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00041-00010325-00010535 going from we just went from a super
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00042-00010536-00010828 easy time to sell to uh getting into a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00043-00010829-00011009 more challenging time thanks to interest
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00044-00011010-00011345 rates and other factors and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00045-00011346-00011549 um so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00046-00011550-00011831 if you've all if you're a real estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00047-00011832-00012041 agent and you've only experienced where
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00048-00012042-00012251 all you had to do was list a house and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00049-00012252-00012514 it sold I mean that's literally in some
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00050-00012515-00012767 markets all that was needed
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00051-00012768-00013108 about a year ago even six months ago and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00052-00013109-00013241 then once the interest rate started
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00053-00013241-00013541 Rising it got a lot harder so now it's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00054-00013541-00013877 time to up your game and there are so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00055-00013878-00014194 many really great strategies to help you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00056-00014195-00014483 boost your sales so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00057-00014484-00014880 um one is your marketing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00058-00014881-00015180 like email marketing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00059-00015181-00015538 content marketing social media marketing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00060-00015540-00015827 all these ways to get your name out
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00061-00015828-00016150 there present yourself as the expert so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00062-00016151-00016330 that when somebody thinks
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00063-00016331-00016499 you know I might want to start looking
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00064-00016500-00016708 for another home they're gonna your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00065-00016709-00016811 name's gonna come to mind because
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00066-00016812-00017057 they've seen you around
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00067-00017058-00017236 um they've seen you on social media
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00068-00017237-00017555 they've seen you they've seen your your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00069-00017556-00017897 posts your blog posts and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00070-00017898-00018077 um so you you want to get your name out
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00071-00018078-00018280 there through
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00072-00018281-00018419 um through that marketing that's that's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00073-00018420-00018743 one way to do it yeah and just on that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00074-00018744-00018971 note I mean I think uh you know given
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00075-00018972-00019193 given the fluctuations in the housing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00076-00019194-00019408 market like people will be out there
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00077-00019409-00019750 looking for information so if you're if
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00078-00019751-00019889 you're a realtor I mean I checked
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00079-00019890-00020069 there's a couple of Realtors around here
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00080-00020070-00020261 I check their blogs because they give
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00081-00020262-00020500 you know because let's face it like real
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00082-00020501-00020669 estate nationally real estate locally
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00083-00020670-00020819 you know there's there could be big
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00084-00020820-00021011 differences obviously
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00085-00021012-00021208 um so to your point if you're out there
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00086-00021209-00021436 supplying information to people who are
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00087-00021437-00021629 looking for information as you say then
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00088-00021630-00021863 you are more likely to be in the running
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00089-00021864-00022127 when they come to want to work with you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00090-00022128-00022319 right
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00091-00022320-00022564 um I where I live
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00092-00022565-00022780 um I live in Belgrade we're right next
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00093-00022781-00023075 to Bozeman Montana it's a very
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00094-00023076-00023477 competitive expensive market and so you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00095-00023478-00023885 know that is kind of something that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00096-00023886-00024130 um is interesting to a lot of people so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00097-00024131-00024328 like my parents live in on the east
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00098-00024329-00024514 coast and they're kind of fascinated by
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00099-00024515-00024658 the real estate market where I am
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00100-00024659-00024863 because I'm kind of I'm very interested
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00101-00024864-00025157 in it and I follow it closely and so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00102-00025158-00025480 when I see a good piece of content that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00103-00025481-00025822 um shows how the median sales price has
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00104-00025823-00025990 increased or decreased over the past
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00105-00025991-00026212 month and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00106-00026213-00026393 um whenever something catches my eye I
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00107-00026394-00026711 will share it on my social social media
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00108-00026712-00026849 and so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00109-00026850-00026981 um and other people do the same thing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00110-00026982-00027196 and so when you have when you're able to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00111-00027197-00027599 capture what makes your area unique
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00112-00027600-00027946 um sometimes you'll get advertising from
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00113-00027947-00028090 people that maybe aren't even in the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00114-00028091-00028270 market but are just
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00115-00028272-00028420 um they're kind of like this is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00116-00028422-00028573 something interesting about where I live
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00117-00028574-00028823 and it might not even be housing related
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00118-00028824-00028985 it might it might have to do with the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00119-00028986-00029201 activities around or right you know just
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00120-00029202-00029495 something that's uh special to your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00121-00029495-00029735 region and if you can Market that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00122-00029736-00029896 content so that other people will share
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00123-00029897-00030077 it for you they're basically basically
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00124-00030077-00030412 giving you free advertisements
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00125-00030413-00030707 um that's that's gonna help that's gonna
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00126-00030708-00031012 help draw business and increase sales
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00127-00031013-00031193 yeah yeah because especially because
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00128-00031194-00031427 when you can promote yourself as a local
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00129-00031427-00031607 expert as you say not just real estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00130-00031608-00031961 but you know entertainment schools all
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00131-00031962-00032135 of these other things and just as you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00132-00032136-00032296 say anything interesting going on in the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00133-00032297-00032440 neighborhood then
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00134-00032441-00032651 um that's obviously going to going to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00135-00032652-00032867 help build your reputation
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00136-00032868-00032957 um let me ask you about another
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00137-00032958-00033209 phenomena this this this always happens
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00138-00033210-00033496 when you get a change in in market
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00139-00033497-00033707 conditions in the real estate market and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00140-00033708-00033827 you would know this better than I
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00141-00033828-00034096 obviously but so when you come off a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00142-00034097-00034433 really hot market so maybe my house was
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00143-00034434-00034799 worth x two months ago right
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00144-00034800-00035033 in my mind it's still worth X even
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00145-00035034-00035207 though it's not I can't sell it for that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00146-00035208-00035381 right now so how when you work when when
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00147-00035382-00035627 you when Realtors like I said when you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00148-00035628-00035855 work with clients how do you help
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00149-00035856-00036155 transition from a booming Market to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00150-00036156-00036335 maybe not so boomi Market because let's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00151-00036336-00036611 face it we get hung up on what the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00152-00036612-00036868 highest value of our house was even if
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00153-00036869-00037067 it was only fleeting
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00154-00037068-00037379 yes totally and it can be a really hard
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00155-00037380-00037618 pill to swallow to find out that you're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00156-00037619-00037835 you know eight hundred thousand dollar
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00157-00037836-00038159 house is really only gonna sell for 700
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00158-00038160-00038255 000.
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00159-00038256-00038530 four months later it's you know the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00160-00038531-00038746 buyers want I mean sellers want to sell
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00161-00038747-00038945 their house for the highest price
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00162-00038946-00039083 possible because that's going to help
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00163-00039084-00039395 them when they um go to purchase
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00164-00039396-00039707 it's a new house and so it can just be
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00165-00039708-00040043 very cold to for them to understand that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00166-00040044-00040318 well my my neighbor's house sold for
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00167-00040319-00040409 this
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00168-00040410-00040679 six months mine should be more like just
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00169-00040680-00040930 think that houses are continually it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00170-00040931-00041152 so I think um
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00171-00041153-00041495 real estate agents need to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00172-00041496-00041759 explain I mean people people get it but
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00173-00041760-00041885 sometimes you need
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00174-00041886-00042196 what
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00175-00042197-00042617 a difference
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00176-00042618-00042959 so if a buyer has a month at a three
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00177-00042960-00043145 percent interest rate they could easily
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00178-00043146-00043499 afford a you know maybe they could
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00179-00043500-00043817 afford a 700 000 house and then
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00180-00043818-00044080 with interest rates at six percent all
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00181-00044081-00044323 of a sudden they can only afford a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00182-00044324-00044777 150 000 house and so to show them
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00183-00044778-00045040 at a set budget how much can go to a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00184-00045041-00045262 house and how much can go and how much
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00185-00045263-00045479 has to go to interest that's going to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00186-00045480-00045646 show them that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00187-00045647-00045887 um buyers in the same looking with the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00188-00045888-00046258 same budget aren't able to afford their
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00189-00046259-00046343 house
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00190-00046344-00046624 that for the same the same house for the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00191-00046625-00046751 same price that they could with a lower
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00192-00046752-00047057 interest rate and um and so how that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00193-00047058-00047393 overall brings the market down
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00194-00047394-00047621 um brings the prices of houses down just
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00195-00047622-00047855 because the people wanting to buy them
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00196-00047856-00048077 can't afford
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00197-00048078-00048305 um the same even though their budget
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00198-00048306-00048461 might be the same they can't afford as
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00199-00048462-00048617 much house
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00200-00048618-00048827 yeah and I think that's a and I think
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00201-00048828-00048965 that's a really good point again that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00202-00048966-00049055 you're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00203-00049056-00049415 raising here is being a resource to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00204-00049416-00049643 educate as well whether it's buyers or
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00205-00049644-00049835 or sellers like just what you just
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00206-00049836-00050105 outlined there is you know let's face it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00207-00050106-00050279 a lot of Realtors would just go oh well
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00208-00050280-00050465 this is what the market is now here this
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00209-00050466-00050657 is what it costs you have actually gone
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00210-00050658-00050867 through and explained why
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00211-00050868-00051095 if you put the house on the market at x
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00212-00051096-00051280 amount you know the 800 000 rather than
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00213-00051282-00051569 the 700 000 how you may eliminate the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00214-00051570-00051761 majority of the buyers for that house
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00215-00051762-00051916 and you may you know may sit on the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00216-00051917-00052085 market but it's all about educating
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00217-00052086-00052258 because then I mean once you start to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00218-00052259-00052432 explain things and it makes logical
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00219-00052433-00052715 sense to people then they're more likely
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00220-00052716-00053003 to accept it as opposed to well no the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00221-00053004-00053242 well you know price have just gone down
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00222-00053244-00053482 right and they're they're not gonna like
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00223-00053483-00053669 you know if you just say well this is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00224-00053670-00053891 what it is they might think well you're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00225-00053891-00054047 underpricing my house just so that you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00226-00054048-00054250 can sell it faster I mean they you need
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00227-00054251-00054563 to be explained to them the reason for
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00228-00054564-00054730 especially for things that they are not
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00229-00054732-00055126 gonna like so um yeah that education is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00230-00055127-00055354 really essential
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00231-00055355-00055600 and then how do you and then uh how can
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00232-00055601-00055816 how can Realtors uh you know maybe they
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00233-00055817-00056032 have people in their pipeline who were
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00234-00056033-00056237 considering buying or considering
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00235-00056238-00056375 selling and now they're obviously
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00236-00056376-00056626 spooked and they're putting it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00237-00056627-00056807 everything on hold but there's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00238-00056808-00056980 circumstances that we're driving them to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00239-00056982-00057179 want to sell maybe haven't changed so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00240-00057179-00057449 how do you how how is how is real estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00241-00057450-00057809 sales people can you help people to see
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00242-00057810-00058000 whether putting it on hold is actually
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00243-00058001-00058294 the right decision for them or they
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00244-00058295-00058475 should move forward
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00245-00058476-00058769 well the nice thing if you have property
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00246-00058770-00059080 to sell and you're looking to buy is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00247-00059082-00059303 that what's affecting you is also
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00248-00059304-00059561 affecting the rest of the market so even
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00249-00059562-00059729 though you might not be able to sell
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00250-00059729-00059909 your home for as high as you could a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00251-00059910-00060059 year ago
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00252-00060060-00060263 you're going to be able to find homes
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00253-00060264-00060532 that cost less than you could a year ago
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00254-00060533-00060761 so that's important an important factor
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00255-00060762-00061073 to remember is that your home value may
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00256-00061074-00061325 have dropped but so have the houses your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00257-00061326-00061649 prospective home value of a house that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00258-00061650-00061816 you're considering buying so that that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00259-00061817-00062165 does work in your favor as a seller
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00260-00062166-00062380 um and so I think real estate agents
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00261-00062382-00062500 should
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00262-00062501-00062765 um remind prospective customers about
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00263-00062766-00063125 that and also just keep on
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00264-00063126-00063347 um letting them know with text message
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00265-00063348-00063592 email look I found this property it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00266-00063594-00063742 looks like what you're looking for it's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00267-00063744-00063923 in your price range
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00268-00063924-00064229 um just a low pressure just hey check
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00269-00064229-00064516 these out and just so that they um so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00270-00064517-00064799 those perspective buyers
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00271-00064800-00064900 um
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00272-00064901-00065129 just maybe they'll maybe they'll get uh
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00273-00065129-00065254 maybe they'll see something be like you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00274-00065255-00065392 know what that is what I want and let's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00275-00065394-00065626 reevaluate instead of being afraid
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00276-00065627-00065797 because of the interest rates let's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00277-00065798-00066023 reevaluate where we are and maybe
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00278-00066024-00066185 reconsider
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00279-00066186-00066467 yeah and again like like I mentioned a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00280-00066468-00066694 moment ago I mean I think this is all
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00281-00066695-00066917 um this is all hinged around like how
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00282-00066918-00067121 much you are willing to invest the time
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00283-00067122-00067493 and effort to educate uh and educate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00284-00067494-00067679 yourself to begin with obviously and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00285-00067680-00067937 then educate your perspective
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00286-00067938-00068237 um buyers and sellers because you know
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00287-00068238-00068423 that's you know let's face it I mean
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00288-00068424-00068621 selling selling or buying homes is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00289-00068622-00068782 stressful at the best of times when
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00290-00068783-00069011 you're in a strange Market or you're in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00291-00069012-00069191 a transitional market and we don't
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00292-00069192-00069341 really know
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00293-00069342-00069550 um we don't know what the future holds
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00294-00069551-00069815 uh you know then it becomes even more
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00295-00069816-00070037 people become even more skittish so I
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00296-00070038-00070288 think that whole piece of being able to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00297-00070289-00070493 sort of calm people down and cut through
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00298-00070494-00070637 the noise because let's face it they're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00299-00070638-00070835 just getting headlines aren't they off
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00300-00070836-00070997 the news because that's all people read
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00301-00070998-00071200 anymore it's just headlines
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00302-00071201-00071500 yes that is so accurate and so that's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00303-00071501-00071717 where you as a that's where somebody has
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00304-00071718-00071981 a real estate agent can kind of come
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00305-00071982-00072143 through with a little bit
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00306-00072144-00072425 um more of the truth especially of the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00307-00072426-00072556 local market because a lot of times
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00308-00072557-00072767 those headlines are kind of giving you a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00309-00072768-00072976 national an overall picture but not
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00310-00072977-00073313 what's going on in your neighborhood
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00311-00073314-00073517 yeah yeah because I think that's the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00312-00073518-00073721 other thing as you said is that uh is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00313-00073722-00073919 then to help people understand local
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00314-00073920-00074171 versus National like what have the local
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00315-00074172-00074591 market performs as opposed to to the the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00316-00074592-00074819 overall National as you said that the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00317-00074820-00074963 headlines
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00318-00074964-00075191 um because uh there's other things too
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00319-00075192-00075371 isn't there I mean when you educate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00320-00075372-00075563 buyers or sellers I mean for instance
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00321-00075564-00075869 like where I live it's it's there's no
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00322-00075870-00076067 more Supply right you can't build you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00323-00076068-00076265 physically can't build any more houses
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00324-00076266-00076612 here so there's a there's an inbuilt
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00325-00076613-00076853 kind of Supply demand issue there that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00326-00076854-00077147 keeps the housing market sort of at a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00327-00077148-00077382 fairly High rate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00328-00077383-00077747 yes and so that's gonna be you know that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00329-00077748-00077915 is going to make
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00330-00077916-00078197 the realtors that know the market are
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00331-00078198-00078479 going to have the edge in um reaching
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00332-00078480-00078682 customers you know you can't just you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00333-00078683-00078832 have to do your research even if you've
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00334-00078833-00079169 been a real estate agent for 20 years
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00335-00079170-00079337 um you know you're going to learn a lot
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00336-00079338-00079529 from the experience and from doing it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00337-00079530-00079787 but if you're not studying where the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00338-00079788-00079985 trends are going you're going to miss
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00339-00079986-00080182 out on sales because
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00340-00080183-00080362 um you're just not expecting where the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00341-00080363-00080669 Market's gonna go and so um continuing
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00342-00080670-00081088 your education as a real estate agent is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00343-00081089-00081376 going to help you to prepare for um
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00344-00081377-00081515 you're just going to have a little bit
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00345-00081516-00081862 of a glimpse into the future
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00346-00081863-00082097 um of what could happen and you'll be
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00347-00082098-00082306 able to prepare
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00348-00082307-00082606 prospective clients for changes coming
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00349-00082607-00082811 and it's just going to give you an edge
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00350-00082812-00083291 to keep up on continuing research
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00351-00083292-00083615 education in your local market
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00352-00083616-00083782 and that's for different types of buyers
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00353-00083783-00084076 like we've seen a lot of the Real Estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00354-00084077-00084281 Investors come into the market over the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00355-00084282-00084556 last Wildlife buying them so do you see
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00356-00084557-00084719 that continuing and is that another
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00357-00084720-00084917 thing that Realtors need to look at is
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00358-00084918-00085126 that there are different types of of
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00359-00085127-00085343 customers it's not just like families or
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00360-00085344-00085535 people buying business buying homes it's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00361-00085536-00085847 also there's in there's investment uh
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00362-00085848-00086087 there's investment folks getting in on
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00363-00086088-00086219 the ACT too
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00364-00086220-00086435 yes and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00365-00086436-00086812 um so you know some Realtors are kind of
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00366-00086813-00086962 focused
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00367-00086963-00087262 towards families and they want to see
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00368-00087263-00087461 like oh families get into the starter
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00369-00087462-00087731 home and what's happening is especially
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00370-00087732-00088055 those starter homes condos townhouses
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00371-00088056-00088325 those are what um investors are looking
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00372-00088326-00088582 for because they tend to be lower cost
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00373-00088583-00088865 but still bring in a high rental income
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00374-00088866-00089081 and so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00375-00089082-00089399 um so it's this this is a a big shift
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00376-00089400-00089555 from
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00377-00089556-00089741 um dealing with families to dealing with
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00378-00089742-00090065 investors and if you want to increase
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00379-00090066-00090341 your sales and grow your Market you have
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00380-00090342-00090629 to be prepared to work with clients that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00381-00090630-00090767 maybe you would maybe you picture
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00382-00090768-00091079 yourself as being this doing this good
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00383-00091080-00091379 deed of helping families get started in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00384-00091380-00091523 a new house
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00385-00091524-00091847 um but you need to broaden your scope so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00386-00091848-00091997 that you can reach the people that are
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00387-00091998-00092159 that are willing to buy it whether that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00388-00092160-00092368 be a family or whether that be an
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00389-00092369-00092729 investor and um and if you've only
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00390-00092730-00092981 worked like let's say that you have only
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00391-00092982-00093191 worked with families it might be time to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00392-00093192-00093400 start building connections with
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00393-00093401-00093617 investors because
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00394-00093618-00093737 um they're going to help drive your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00395-00093738-00093935 business in the future
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00396-00093936-00094199 yeah and obviously in uh you know as the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00397-00094200-00094331 market goes through some fluctuations
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00398-00094332-00094600 investors are going to see opportunities
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00399-00094601-00094859 so that might be as you say I mean if
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00400-00094860-00094991 you're not looking at them and you're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00401-00094992-00095212 not uh and you're not engaging with them
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00402-00095213-00095344 you could be missing out on that you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00403-00095345-00095609 could be losing out a lot of business uh
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00404-00095610-00095921 of business to them and um so do you see
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00405-00095922-00096149 this uh when when you go into a little
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00406-00096150-00096509 downturn like this um you know obviously
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00407-00096510-00096743 uh the the investors are looking for
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00408-00096744-00096976 bargains and looking for that too
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00409-00096977-00097043 um
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00410-00097044-00097235 so does the market then get competitive
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00411-00097236-00097462 at the other end you know like uh when
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00412-00097463-00097612 people are trying to buy things for the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00413-00097613-00097841 cheapest they can
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00414-00097842-00098062 um it does especially because an
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00415-00098063-00098176 investor
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00416-00098177-00098399 um oftentimes they are able to pay with
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00417-00098400-00098717 cash or or to purchase with a high
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00418-00098718-00099023 percentage of cash and just um finance a
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00419-00099024-00099250 small amount of the loan and so interest
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00420-00099251-00099623 rates don't impact them as much as
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00421-00099624-00100006 somebody who's financing the majority of
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00422-00100007-00100343 um of a home and so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00423-00100344-00100805 um so they are ready to jump on this
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00424-00100806-00101021 opportunity of housing prices coming
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00425-00101022-00101249 down because they don't have to worry
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00426-00101250-00101368 about that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00427-00101369-00101537 part of their budget going to interest
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00428-00101538-00101717 especially if they're able to pay with
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00429-00101718-00101962 cash and so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00430-00101963-00102226 um so yeah so so they
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00431-00102227-00102425 is that going to push the market down
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00432-00102426-00102653 probably not because there's other
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00433-00102654-00102797 investors that are looking you know
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00434-00102798-00102928 they're still the competition between
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00435-00102929-00103139 investors but they're definitely going
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00436-00103140-00103528 to try to capitalize on um on these
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00437-00103529-00103877 lower priced the housing prices coming
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00438-00103878-00103954 down
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00439-00103955-00104140 yeah and I guess that's another good
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00440-00104141-00104423 point also even for for regular buyers
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00441-00104424-00104728 like if you have a lot of cash to put
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00442-00104729-00104890 down you know if you're not if you're
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00443-00104891-00105101 putting down way more than 20 or
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00444-00105102-00105293 whatever or you have it or you can even
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00445-00105294-00105502 find your way to being a cash buyer well
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00446-00105503-00105893 then this is a good market for you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00447-00105894-00106247 definitely this is if you can if you do
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00448-00106248-00106547 a mostly cash offer this is the break
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00449-00106548-00106775 that you're looking for I mean once
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00450-00106776-00106919 again you're still
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00451-00106920-00107045 um if you're selling you're still
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00452-00107046-00107357 dealing with lower prices but um the
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00453-00107358-00107536 interest rates are not going to have
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00454-00107538-00107699 that negative impact on you so you can
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00455-00107700-00107927 really take advantage of the lower
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00456-00107928-00108265 priced houses when you're looking to buy
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00457-00108266-00108527 okay great so what's the last piece of
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00458-00108528-00108731 advice you'd give to real estate agents
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00459-00108732-00108971 uh to to be able to maximize and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00460-00108972-00109127 optimize what they're doing especially
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00461-00109128-00109397 during this time of flux
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00462-00109398-00109613 I think you need to sometimes think
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00463-00109614-00109804 outside the box and if an idea comes to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00464-00109805-00109984 you run with it
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00465-00109985-00110099 um I
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00466-00110100-00110501 there's a TV personality that I followed
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00467-00110502-00110860 he um he used to do a Morning Show in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00468-00110861-00111040 the Twin Cities in Minneapolis St Paul
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00469-00111041-00111251 Minnesota and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00470-00111252-00111443 um and he's been featured on national
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00471-00111444-00111634 shows several times he's he's hilarious
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00472-00111635-00111940 he's fun to follow well he has recently
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00473-00111941-00112307 teamed up with a real estate group in uh
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00474-00112308-00112583 Minnesota and they've hired him
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00475-00112583-00112877 obviously to do
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00476-00112878-00113213 videos and he's fun he's just he's fun
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00477-00113214-00113458 to watch I watch all of his house tours
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00478-00113459-00113795 because he's hilarious and I think how
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00479-00113796-00114004 brilliant of that real estate group to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00480-00114005-00114113 hire him to do that because he's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00481-00114114-00114263 reaching this broad audience he's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00482-00114264-00114419 showing these houses people like to
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00483-00114420-00114575 watch maybe people people that aren't
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00484-00114576-00114790 even in the market and I just think what
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00485-00114791-00114989 a great idea that they said they saw
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00486-00114990-00115252 that opportunity and um jumped on it and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00487-00115253-00115343 so
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00488-00115344-00115613 maybe that's not the right move for your
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00489-00115614-00115745 real estate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00490-00115746-00115984 um business but something like that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00491-00115985-00116116 where you're just thinking of something
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00492-00116117-00116321 different that's going to give you more
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00493-00116322-00116549 publicity and help you reach people that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00494-00116550-00116686 you probably wouldn't have reached I
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00495-00116688-00116831 mean I'm not looking at properties in
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00496-00116832-00117077 the Twin Cities like I wouldn't see
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00497-00117078-00117304 those properties from any other source
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00498-00117305-00117454 but I'm seeing because I follow him
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00499-00117455-00117610 because he's hilarious
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00500-00117611-00117839 right no I think those are great points
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00501-00117840-00118019 and I think is now is the time to get
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00502-00118020-00118145 creative and the good thing is you can
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00503-00118146-00118354 get creative much more easily each day
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00504-00118355-00118558 than you ever could in the past
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00505-00118559-00118823 so this is great listen all of Melanie's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00506-00118824-00118966 information is going to be below this
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00507-00118967-00119171 video but before we go please do tell
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00508-00119172-00119308 people a little bit more about you and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00509-00119309-00119410 what you do
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00510-00119411-00119723 well I write about
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00511-00119724-00120040 um finance and insurance and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00512-00120041-00120215 um
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00513-00120216-00120586 it is a lot of fun to communicate
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00514-00120588-00120790 um with people I really love how
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00515-00120791-00121049 Insurance can um help people protect
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00516-00121050-00121204 their financial stability and so I'm
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00517-00121205-00121384 really passionate about helping people
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00518-00121385-00121540 find the right insurance for their
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00519-00121541-00121781 business for their personal life and all
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00520-00121782-00121884 of that
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00521-00121885-00122123 fantastic yeah well go check it out and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00522-00122124-00122339 go check out uh go check out Melanie's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00523-00122340-00122513 work as I said all of Melody's
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00524-00122514-00122663 information would be below this video
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00525-00122664-00122831 all right well thanks again Melanie
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00526-00122832-00123077 thank you for watching and listening and
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00527-00123078-00123264 I'll see you all again soon thank you
Oo1HJDlC4ao-00528-00123265-00124504 [Music]
OoMoo1fmY1I-00000-00000000-00000206 [Music]
OoMoo1fmY1I-00001-00000208-00000362 hey
OoMoo1fmY1I-00003-00003936-00004165 i know
OoMoo1fmY1I-00004-00004166-00005575 [Music]
OoMoo1fmY1I-00005-00005576-00005857 you know
OoMoo1fmY1I-00006-00005858-00007014 [Music]
OoMoo1fmY1I-00007-00007015-00007133 foreign
OoMoo1fmY1I-00008-00007134-00008246 [Music]
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OoMoo1fmY1I-00012-00012983-00013958 [Music]
OoMoo1fmY1I-00013-00013959-00014168 you
O0DazzkmUiM-00000-00000024-00000831 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00001-00000832-00001381 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00002-00001382-00003894 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00003-00003895-00004490 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00004-00004491-00004917 static scenery of rustic imagery phones
O0DazzkmUiM-00005-00004918-00005466 to simulate font for menagerie of more
O0DazzkmUiM-00006-00005467-00005914 than fantasy dust to dust ashes to blow
O0DazzkmUiM-00007-00005915-00006631 what can I say
O0DazzkmUiM-00008-00006633-00006942 I'm locked in
O0DazzkmUiM-00009-00006943-00007039 sir
O0DazzkmUiM-00010-00007040-00009613 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00011-00009614-00010143 reality is lost on me asleep to wake for
O0DazzkmUiM-00012-00010144-00010349 me I wish to leave
O0DazzkmUiM-00013-00010350-00010628 Midnight's turn to dollar this morning's
O0DazzkmUiM-00014-00010629-00010849 are gone
O0DazzkmUiM-00015-00010850-00011127 with one do
O0DazzkmUiM-00016-00011128-00011494 silence vectorize aside spectator
O0DazzkmUiM-00017-00011495-00011965 what a sight to behold for sure sporadic
O0DazzkmUiM-00018-00011966-00012361 ventures of the manic nature do it fast
O0DazzkmUiM-00019-00012362-00013278 or watch it burn what can I say
O0DazzkmUiM-00020-00013279-00014069 I'm locked in
O0DazzkmUiM-00021-00014071-00015256 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00022-00015257-00015997 [Applause]
O0DazzkmUiM-00023-00015998-00017257 it's always your mother
O0DazzkmUiM-00024-00017258-00019969 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00025-00019970-00022046 [Music]
O0DazzkmUiM-00026-00022047-00022887 like my back
O0DazzkmUiM-00027-00022888-00023852 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00000-00000064-00000293 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00001-00000294-00000454 foreign
O1O0IRyo8mg-00002-00000455-00002633 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00003-00002634-00003497 jokes
O1O0IRyo8mg-00004-00003497-00003736 punch box Premiere big shout out to
O1O0IRyo8mg-00005-00003738-00004686 producer babies ask it jokes
O1O0IRyo8mg-00006-00004687-00005452 is also
O1O0IRyo8mg-00007-00005453-00005722 Indonesia here so put some translations
O1O0IRyo8mg-00008-00005723-00005920 if you guys want us to do some reactions
O1O0IRyo8mg-00009-00005921-00006161 to ukraina also big shout out to the
O1O0IRyo8mg-00010-00006162-00006370 homie right here Kurt for sending these
O1O0IRyo8mg-00011-00006371-00006653 translations like that I wish
O1O0IRyo8mg-00012-00006654-00006959 I could you know everybody could fucking
O1O0IRyo8mg-00013-00006959-00007096 send translations like this this would
O1O0IRyo8mg-00014-00007097-00007295 help out a lot but not everybody just
O1O0IRyo8mg-00015-00007295-00007439 you know at least freaking five percent
O1O0IRyo8mg-00016-00007440-00007631 dog you know what I'm saying big shout
O1O0IRyo8mg-00017-00007631-00007798 out to you my man Kurt so let's get up
O1O0IRyo8mg-00018-00007800-00008189 on this one again
O1O0IRyo8mg-00019-00008190-00008374 if you guys like this content go like
O1O0IRyo8mg-00020-00008375-00008542 And subscribe to the homie let them know
O1O0IRyo8mg-00021-00008543-00009061 that the Buddha fam sent job
O1O0IRyo8mg-00022-00009062-00010903 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00023-00010904-00011171 ah that was badass that's a little part
O1O0IRyo8mg-00024-00011172-00011464 bro the text that right there said 200
O1O0IRyo8mg-00025-00011465-00011923 years since the sea Chic was torn apart
O1O0IRyo8mg-00026-00011924-00012424 how the nest of ukraina has become cold
O1O0IRyo8mg-00027-00012425-00012827 there is only wind at night at night in
O1O0IRyo8mg-00028-00012828-00013163 the net in the in in that nest
O1O0IRyo8mg-00029-00013163-00013840 and the ruins of my heart oh
O1O0IRyo8mg-00030-00013841-00014380 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00031-00014381-00015036 yeah
O1O0IRyo8mg-00032-00015037-00015457 big shout out punch box
O1O0IRyo8mg-00033-00015458-00018436 Immortal goodbye
O1O0IRyo8mg-00034-00018437-00018707 he said there is blood in my mouth baby
O1O0IRyo8mg-00035-00018708-00019043 my throat is covered with blood and my
O1O0IRyo8mg-00036-00019044-00019319 steps leave blood my microphone is in
O1O0IRyo8mg-00037-00019320-00019594 the my blood the dis
O1O0IRyo8mg-00038-00019595-00019955 um the dream Pro is boiling in my blood
O1O0IRyo8mg-00039-00019956-00020263 the edge of the grooves will be filled
O1O0IRyo8mg-00040-00020264-00020536 with screams and there
O1O0IRyo8mg-00041-00020537-00020830 Will Be Blood and There Will Be Blood
O1O0IRyo8mg-00042-00020831-00021053 God damn homie we'll block how much
O1O0IRyo8mg-00043-00021054-00021347 fucking blood do you need my boy I think
O1O0IRyo8mg-00044-00021348-00021664 he's talking about this is everything he
O1O0IRyo8mg-00045-00021665-00021785 does
O1O0IRyo8mg-00046-00021786-00022043 every move he makes in life
O1O0IRyo8mg-00047-00022044-00022421 he puts all his Blood Sweat and Tears
O1O0IRyo8mg-00048-00022422-00022619 this is what I believe I don't know it
O1O0IRyo8mg-00049-00022620-00022985 might be wrong but this is how I I think
O1O0IRyo8mg-00050-00022986-00023249 or I'm assuming I don't know we're gonna
O1O0IRyo8mg-00051-00023250-00023519 get back into this but that's a lot of
O1O0IRyo8mg-00052-00023520-00023772 blood
O1O0IRyo8mg-00053-00023773-00025364 yeah
O1O0IRyo8mg-00054-00025365-00026418 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00055-00026419-00026789 take care of your dad in the flower bed
O1O0IRyo8mg-00056-00026789-00027058 because he's a fucking vegetable
O1O0IRyo8mg-00057-00027060-00027323 oh
O1O0IRyo8mg-00058-00027324-00027658 oh I like his dad is best to be like he
O1O0IRyo8mg-00059-00027660-00027862 vegetable
O1O0IRyo8mg-00060-00027863-00028199 put them in the flower pot fit oh my God
O1O0IRyo8mg-00061-00028200-00028385 my boy he says
O1O0IRyo8mg-00062-00028386-00028690 he says product right out from under an
O1O0IRyo8mg-00063-00028691-00028907 armored personal carrier oh what is that
O1O0IRyo8mg-00064-00028908-00029087 my boy he got messed up in the army or
O1O0IRyo8mg-00065-00029088-00029362 what my brother is fighting in mud and
O1O0IRyo8mg-00066-00029363-00029740 blood he's a hero to me forever oh his
O1O0IRyo8mg-00067-00029741-00030167 dad law oh his dad fought in the War and
O1O0IRyo8mg-00068-00030168-00030299 something happened to him in a personal
O1O0IRyo8mg-00069-00030300-00030593 care and now he's of oh he says his
O1O0IRyo8mg-00070-00030594-00030731 brother's a hero to him because his
O1O0IRyo8mg-00071-00030732-00030905 brother's a soldier fighting for this
O1O0IRyo8mg-00072-00030906-00031073 cut what is he fighting for the country
O1O0IRyo8mg-00073-00031074-00031307 also right now or what where's he at is
O1O0IRyo8mg-00074-00031308-00031493 he also fighting right now
O1O0IRyo8mg-00075-00031494-00031751 I don't know if you guys are my boy big
O1O0IRyo8mg-00076-00031752-00032062 shout out to you dog man homie I'm so
O1O0IRyo8mg-00077-00032063-00032296 honored that I met you uh not met you
O1O0IRyo8mg-00078-00032297-00032452 but honored that I'm doing a reaction to
O1O0IRyo8mg-00079-00032453-00032549 your music
O1O0IRyo8mg-00080-00032550-00032789 you got some style bro I like your style
O1O0IRyo8mg-00081-00032790-00032957 I like your focus you know what I like
O1O0IRyo8mg-00082-00032958-00033173 too when you're like your eyes are red I
O1O0IRyo8mg-00083-00033174-00033371 like that little figure I like that shit
O1O0IRyo8mg-00084-00033372-00033743 though I like that all balenca is
O1O0IRyo8mg-00085-00033744-00034018 capable of doing is taking armed forces
O1O0IRyo8mg-00086-00034019-00034415 in his mouth
O1O0IRyo8mg-00087-00034416-00034637 and to put food in what is it what does
O1O0IRyo8mg-00088-00034638-00034846 it talk this is bullshit he's getting
O1O0IRyo8mg-00089-00034847-00035021 politically with somebody though he's
O1O0IRyo8mg-00090-00035022-00036461 talking shit to somebody huh
O1O0IRyo8mg-00091-00036462-00037293 foreign
O1O0IRyo8mg-00092-00037294-00039961 [Music]
O1O0IRyo8mg-00093-00039962-00040301 I hope your brother is healthy I hope
O1O0IRyo8mg-00094-00040302-00040612 your brother is doing good I hope you're
O1O0IRyo8mg-00095-00040613-00040774 doing good I hope all your family's
O1O0IRyo8mg-00096-00040775-00040949 doing good bro and if your brother's
O1O0IRyo8mg-00097-00040950-00041111 doing good bro and if you ever see this
O1O0IRyo8mg-00098-00041112-00041279 reaction tell your brother to hit me up
O1O0IRyo8mg-00099-00041280-00041446 on Instagram just time to at least give
O1O0IRyo8mg-00100-00041447-00041621 me a thumbs up letting me know he's good
O1O0IRyo8mg-00101-00041622-00041861 you know what I'm saying
O1O0IRyo8mg-00102-00041862-00042155 we love you guys man I never met you I
O1O0IRyo8mg-00103-00042156-00042365 don't know you from Adam
O1O0IRyo8mg-00104-00042366-00042640 like I always say they say no political
O1O0IRyo8mg-00105-00042641-00042911 Channel this is a human being Channel
O1O0IRyo8mg-00106-00042912-00043079 and if y'all motherfuckers can't deal
O1O0IRyo8mg-00107-00043080-00043168 with that
O1O0IRyo8mg-00108-00043169-00043468 go suck my motherfucking toe that has
O1O0IRyo8mg-00109-00043469-00043838 fungus bitch late
O2wFBG4HfLu-00000-00000000-00001612 thank you
O2wFBG4HfLu-00001-00001613-00001847 hey guys even here and we got a couple
O2wFBG4HfLu-00002-00001848-00002014 of very interesting bodybuilding updates
O2wFBG4HfLu-00003-00002016-00002207 in this video but I wanted to start with
O2wFBG4HfLu-00004-00002208-00002434 this one it's Samsung now that one day
O2wFBG4HfLu-00005-00002435-00002783 ago and this is his back update back and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00006-00002784-00003065 conditioning update before we Analyze
O2wFBG4HfLu-00007-00003066-00003215 This physique update I'm going to show
O2wFBG4HfLu-00008-00003215-00003472 you a little clip from Boston Pro 2022
O2wFBG4HfLu-00009-00003473-00003815 where Samson was beaten by Justin
O2wFBG4HfLu-00010-00003815-00004061 Rodriguez William bonak and Steve
O2wFBG4HfLu-00011-00004061-00004313 cooklow a week before that he was also
O2wFBG4HfLu-00012-00004314-00004588 beaten by Brandon Curry but he was able
O2wFBG4HfLu-00013-00004589-00004825 to beat Justin Rodriguez however Justin
O2wFBG4HfLu-00014-00004826-00005033 sharpened up a little bit for this show
O2wFBG4HfLu-00015-00005034-00005338 so he edged out Samson dauda and here
O2wFBG4HfLu-00016-00005339-00005668 you can see exactly why this happened I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00017-00005669-00005818 think it was because of the back and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00018-00005819-00006070 just the entire backside so back
O2wFBG4HfLu-00019-00006071-00006311 development itself but also conditioning
O2wFBG4HfLu-00020-00006312-00006569 especially in the glutes because Samson
O2wFBG4HfLu-00021-00006570-00006767 always had this issue when he is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00022-00006768-00006977 shredded it doesn't matter how lean he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00023-00006978-00007228 is his glutes never really shot great
O2wFBG4HfLu-00024-00007229-00007487 separation and that was always a big
O2wFBG4HfLu-00025-00007488-00007828 problem with Samson however this year at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00026-00007829-00008045 two weeks out I think it is a much
O2wFBG4HfLu-00027-00008045-00008327 different story because his glutes are
O2wFBG4HfLu-00028-00008328-00008596 finally coming in so two weeks out I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00029-00008597-00008824 think his glutes are just as separated
O2wFBG4HfLu-00030-00008825-00009160 as they were last year on stage I think
O2wFBG4HfLu-00031-00009161-00009346 his conditioning is going to be better
O2wFBG4HfLu-00032-00009347-00009556 than ever but I also believe that his
O2wFBG4HfLu-00033-00009557-00009737 development is on a much higher level
O2wFBG4HfLu-00034-00009738-00010049 especially in the back as you can see in
O2wFBG4HfLu-00035-00010050-00010246 these poses in the back a double bicep
O2wFBG4HfLu-00036-00010247-00010469 and back lat spread his back looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00037-00010470-00010733 thicker it looks more developed I think
O2wFBG4HfLu-00038-00010734-00010955 he really utilized that posture rebound
O2wFBG4HfLu-00039-00010956-00011237 period to actually make some solid gains
O2wFBG4HfLu-00040-00011238-00011428 because the two weeks out he didn't
O2wFBG4HfLu-00041-00011429-00011656 really lose that much I mean he looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00042-00011657-00011867 better he looks bigger he looks more
O2wFBG4HfLu-00043-00011868-00012155 developed and most importantly he looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00044-00012156-00012383 to be bringing the best conditioning of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00045-00012384-00012617 his life and those glutes really seem
O2wFBG4HfLu-00046-00012618-00012808 like they're going to be shredded for
O2wFBG4HfLu-00047-00012809-00012941 once
O2wFBG4HfLu-00048-00012941-00013157 I mean check out this video this really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00049-00013158-00013349 gives me Ronnie Coleman Vibes look at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00050-00013350-00013588 the size of those freaking delts of that
O2wFBG4HfLu-00051-00013590-00013871 bag I mean this guy is so massive so big
O2wFBG4HfLu-00052-00013872-00014086 right now it's interesting what he said
O2wFBG4HfLu-00053-00014087-00014422 in RX muscle interview is that he made a
O2wFBG4HfLu-00054-00014423-00014644 lot of progress every single year it's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00055-00014645-00014788 not that he made some crazy progress
O2wFBG4HfLu-00056-00014790-00015041 this year it just it added up finally
O2wFBG4HfLu-00057-00015041-00015299 he's really freaking massive and this is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00058-00015300-00015466 going to be really dangerous on Mr
O2wFBG4HfLu-00059-00015468-00015593 Olympia stage
O2wFBG4HfLu-00060-00015594-00015916 and of course not only Mass I mean guys
O2wFBG4HfLu-00061-00015918-00016157 forget about the mass forget about how
O2wFBG4HfLu-00062-00016158-00016522 big he is take a look at this pose right
O2wFBG4HfLu-00063-00016523-00016775 here admire these Aesthetics this is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00064-00016776-00017033 basically a flex wheeler I wouldn't say
O2wFBG4HfLu-00065-00017034-00017393 2.0 let's say new flex wheeler I mean he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00066-00017394-00017633 looks so aesthetic this is just Flawless
O2wFBG4HfLu-00067-00017634-00017861 basically this pose he just looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00068-00017862-00018029 amazing and look at the conditioning
O2wFBG4HfLu-00069-00018030-00018185 look at the inner ties look at those
O2wFBG4HfLu-00070-00018186-00018479 veins uh look at the ABS how developed
O2wFBG4HfLu-00071-00018480-00018665 and how symmetrical the ABS are the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00072-00018666-00018953 small tiny waist uh controlled mid
O2wFBG4HfLu-00073-00018954-00019163 section uh look at the size of those
O2wFBG4HfLu-00074-00019164-00019427 arms compared to his shoulders it really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00075-00019428-00019685 creates a beautiful illusion a beautiful
O2wFBG4HfLu-00076-00019686-00019919 silhouette also look at the chest
O2wFBG4HfLu-00077-00019920-00020153 thickness even when he lifts that arm up
O2wFBG4HfLu-00078-00020154-00020405 that chest looks really good and there
O2wFBG4HfLu-00079-00020406-00020567 is a comment from this guy Phil with
O2wFBG4HfLu-00080-00020568-00020836 he's a coach and he mentions him being
O2wFBG4HfLu-00081-00020837-00021089 peeled and also his back and we talked
O2wFBG4HfLu-00082-00021090-00021233 about this earlier and as you can see
O2wFBG4HfLu-00083-00021234-00021550 his Lads are high he did develop his
O2wFBG4HfLu-00084-00021551-00021730 back right a bit is going to look so
O2wFBG4HfLu-00085-00021731-00021863 much better and I think the glutes are
O2wFBG4HfLu-00086-00021864-00022157 going to be peeled enough but even
O2wFBG4HfLu-00087-00022158-00022336 though his lats are High I mean come on
O2wFBG4HfLu-00088-00022337-00022522 guys Dennis wolf take a look at what he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00089-00022523-00022793 has done with Highlands just like Samson
O2wFBG4HfLu-00090-00022794-00022936 dauda he didn't really have a lot of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00091-00022937-00023117 lead development his lats were really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00092-00023118-00023447 high but he worked on those traps on
O2wFBG4HfLu-00093-00023448-00023680 that upper back and on the shoulders and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00094-00023681-00023914 arms and everything just flew so well he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00095-00023915-00024107 had a beautiful flow of the physique and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00096-00024108-00024322 you know he did so well he was third at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00097-00024323-00024508 the Mr Olympia and maybe Samson will do
O2wFBG4HfLu-00098-00024509-00024700 the same this year it's not impossible
O2wFBG4HfLu-00099-00024701-00024953 and I do believe that he will surpass
O2wFBG4HfLu-00100-00024954-00025180 the likes of Justin Rodriguez who was
O2wFBG4HfLu-00101-00025181-00025408 beating him at Boston Pro that I just
O2wFBG4HfLu-00102-00025409-00025558 showed you and as you can see right here
O2wFBG4HfLu-00103-00025559-00025858 at this point two weeks out Justin looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00104-00025860-00026087 like this and he is freaking massive
O2wFBG4HfLu-00105-00026088-00026411 he's really freaking big but I think
O2wFBG4HfLu-00106-00026412-00026633 this year Samsung is going to beat him
O2wFBG4HfLu-00107-00026633-00026902 because Samsung is Samsung has gained a
O2wFBG4HfLu-00108-00026904-00027101 lot more muscle and he has much more
O2wFBG4HfLu-00109-00027102-00027340 aesthetically pleasing physique so I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00110-00027341-00027485 think Samsung is going to surpass him
O2wFBG4HfLu-00111-00027486-00027640 finally even though just it looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00112-00027641-00027839 amazing right here honestly like he's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00113-00027839-00027995 one of those guys that we don't really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00114-00027995-00028252 mention that was in top 10 actually top
O2wFBG4HfLu-00115-00028254-00028511 eight at the Mr Olympia and he might
O2wFBG4HfLu-00116-00028512-00028757 slide in if he's super conditioned he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00117-00028758-00028949 doesn't have the best structure he has a
O2wFBG4HfLu-00118-00028950-00029164 really poor structure but he has a ton
O2wFBG4HfLu-00119-00029166-00029393 of muscle and he knows how to come in
O2wFBG4HfLu-00120-00029394-00029645 shredded real quick guys I just want to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00121-00029645-00029849 tell you about my favorite beverage to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00122-00029850-00030101 drink while I'm training and basically
O2wFBG4HfLu-00123-00030102-00030329 any any time of the day it is called
O2wFBG4HfLu-00124-00030330-00030533 vintage build it is a combination of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00125-00030533-00030767 essential amino acids glutamine and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00126-00030768-00031012 creatine and it tastes delicious there
O2wFBG4HfLu-00127-00031013-00031162 is so many different flavors you can
O2wFBG4HfLu-00128-00031163-00031331 choose your own if you guys want to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00129-00031332-00031552 check it out the link is down below make
O2wFBG4HfLu-00130-00031554-00031817 sure you use code even for a 15 discount
O2wFBG4HfLu-00131-00031818-00032008 and if you guys enjoy my content you
O2wFBG4HfLu-00132-00032010-00032158 want to see me make more of these videos
O2wFBG4HfLu-00133-00032160-00032339 you can support me by buying one of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00134-00032339-00032483 those collab supplements again the link
O2wFBG4HfLu-00135-00032483-00032711 is down below use code even thank you
O2wFBG4HfLu-00136-00032712-00032789 guys
O2wFBG4HfLu-00137-00032790-00033077 as far as classic physique Mr Olympia
O2wFBG4HfLu-00138-00033078-00033418 nobody is really talking about Chan Kang
O2wFBG4HfLu-00139-00033419-00033671 this guy right here also known as Branch
O2wFBG4HfLu-00140-00033672-00033965 Chan this guy was I believe third or
O2wFBG4HfLu-00141-00033966-00034324 fourth at 2019 Mr Olympia since then we
O2wFBG4HfLu-00142-00034325-00034540 haven't really seen him but we saw him
O2wFBG4HfLu-00143-00034541-00034715 earlier this year at one cooler Pro
O2wFBG4HfLu-00144-00034716-00034949 where he looked amazing his conditioning
O2wFBG4HfLu-00145-00034950-00035123 could have been better but his
O2wFBG4HfLu-00146-00035124-00035381 development his shape his Aesthetics the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00147-00035382-00035549 entire flow of the physique was just
O2wFBG4HfLu-00148-00035550-00035699 outstanding
O2wFBG4HfLu-00149-00035700-00035951 it was a pretty easy show for him to win
O2wFBG4HfLu-00150-00035952-00036221 and he didn't really prove anything but
O2wFBG4HfLu-00151-00036222-00036395 I believe he's going to take one of the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00152-00036396-00036562 top spots of the Mr Olympia this year
O2wFBG4HfLu-00153-00036563-00036790 based on this physique update at three
O2wFBG4HfLu-00154-00036791-00036995 weeks out of Mr Olympia there is still a
O2wFBG4HfLu-00155-00036996-00037217 lot more time for him to get peeled I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00156-00037218-00037457 hope he's going to do it finally he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00157-00037458-00037709 never has done it so far so we can be
O2wFBG4HfLu-00158-00037710-00037883 doubtful but based on the way his
O2wFBG4HfLu-00159-00037884-00038212 genetics are his shape is his Aesthetics
O2wFBG4HfLu-00160-00038213-00038579 are this guy has a lot of potential he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00161-00038580-00038729 has enough potential if he asked me to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00162-00038730-00039011 be like top two if he's shredded because
O2wFBG4HfLu-00163-00039012-00039227 he's so genetically blessed I believe
O2wFBG4HfLu-00164-00039228-00039407 he's more genetically blessed than for
O2wFBG4HfLu-00165-00039408-00039611 example Chris Bumstead I think Chris
O2wFBG4HfLu-00166-00039612-00039821 worked harder and improved his physique
O2wFBG4HfLu-00167-00039822-00040055 a lot but if you just talk about how
O2wFBG4HfLu-00168-00040056-00040271 gifted somebody is this guy has to be in
O2wFBG4HfLu-00169-00040272-00040462 the conversation for the best genetics
O2wFBG4HfLu-00170-00040463-00040696 for classic Physique in the world and if
O2wFBG4HfLu-00171-00040697-00040955 his conditioning clicks if he comes in
O2wFBG4HfLu-00172-00040956-00041243 shredded which I don't know he will but
O2wFBG4HfLu-00173-00041244-00041495 if he does he can do really well he can
O2wFBG4HfLu-00174-00041496-00041693 be top two if you ask me this year top
O2wFBG4HfLu-00175-00041694-00042083 two top three he was fourth 2019 can he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00176-00042084-00042305 repeat that this year whatever you guys
O2wFBG4HfLu-00177-00042306-00042521 think tell me down below alright the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00178-00042522-00042893 next update is of Kevin levrone in 2022
O2wFBG4HfLu-00179-00042894-00043180 and this one is rather interesting it is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00180-00043181-00043379 Kevin levrone basically doing I don't
O2wFBG4HfLu-00181-00043380-00043505 know what would I call this some sort of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00182-00043506-00043679 CrossFit is this CrossFit I don't know
O2wFBG4HfLu-00183-00043680-00043877 but he's not doing a regular
O2wFBG4HfLu-00184-00043878-00044015 bodybuilding training as you can see
O2wFBG4HfLu-00185-00044016-00044243 he's doing some sort of variation of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00186-00044244-00044543 squats and hammer curls and so this is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00187-00044544-00044777 weird this is awkward because this is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00188-00044778-00044962 one of the best bodybuilders in the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00189-00044963-00045208 history of bodybuilding he was arguably
O2wFBG4HfLu-00190-00045209-00045365 the best bodybuilder in the world at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00191-00045366-00045533 some point and this is what kind of
O2wFBG4HfLu-00192-00045534-00045785 training he is doing now CrossFit or
O2wFBG4HfLu-00193-00045786-00046079 whatever I'm glad that he's active he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00194-00046080-00046252 looks great he looks better than earlier
O2wFBG4HfLu-00195-00046253-00046487 so he started training and you know he's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00196-00046488-00046690 a hyper responder his body will respond
O2wFBG4HfLu-00197-00046691-00046937 to anything pretty much and he's trying
O2wFBG4HfLu-00198-00046938-00047261 to be uh quote unquote functional I mean
O2wFBG4HfLu-00199-00047262-00047471 what even is functional training if
O2wFBG4HfLu-00200-00047472-00047633 you're training for hypertrophy and for
O2wFBG4HfLu-00201-00047634-00047765 strength you're gonna do bodybuilding
O2wFBG4HfLu-00202-00047766-00047980 training and your muscle is functional
O2wFBG4HfLu-00203-00047981-00048233 in that sense but he's trying to be
O2wFBG4HfLu-00204-00048234-00048443 functional I don't know in which way and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00205-00048444-00048617 and whatever he's doing it's it's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00206-00048618-00048911 working as far as his look he does look
O2wFBG4HfLu-00207-00048912-00049199 bigger and better leaner more muscular
O2wFBG4HfLu-00208-00049200-00049402 because again he's a hyper responder
O2wFBG4HfLu-00209-00049403-00049618 he's lifting some heavy weights his back
O2wFBG4HfLu-00210-00049619-00049840 is training seriously but what he's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00211-00049841-00050008 doing I don't know if it works for him
O2wFBG4HfLu-00212-00050009-00050243 if he likes it if he enjoys it if he got
O2wFBG4HfLu-00213-00050244-00050435 bored of you know classic bodybuilding
O2wFBG4HfLu-00214-00050436-00050729 training then by all means go for it but
O2wFBG4HfLu-00215-00050730-00050957 I don't know I just felt kind of awkward
O2wFBG4HfLu-00216-00050958-00051196 watching this what the hell is he doing
O2wFBG4HfLu-00217-00051197-00051394 right here he's doing bicep curls with
O2wFBG4HfLu-00218-00051395-00051646 one knee in the air I don't know it just
O2wFBG4HfLu-00219-00051647-00051958 looks weird but it is keeping him active
O2wFBG4HfLu-00220-00051959-00052175 it is keeping him in the gym he is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00221-00052176-00052396 training and he does look great like for
O2wFBG4HfLu-00222-00052397-00052738 a 58 almost 59 year old yeah that's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00223-00052739-00052991 right the cameraman is almost 59 and at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00224-00052991-00053153 this age he looks phenomenal he looks
O2wFBG4HfLu-00225-00053154-00053380 better than most retired bodybuilders at
O2wFBG4HfLu-00226-00053382-00053771 59. so who am I to judge I mean CrossFit
O2wFBG4HfLu-00227-00053772-00054059 or whatever he's he's look at this
O2wFBG4HfLu-00228-00054060-00054341 exercise have squats have hammer curls
O2wFBG4HfLu-00229-00054341-00054538 whatever I mean if you ask me for my
O2wFBG4HfLu-00230-00054539-00054700 honest opinion I find this pretty
O2wFBG4HfLu-00231-00054701-00055000 ridiculous especially that he accepted
O2wFBG4HfLu-00232-00055001-00055325 this new style of training but it is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00233-00055326-00055523 working for him I'm guessing he's trying
O2wFBG4HfLu-00234-00055524-00055732 to sell something I didn't really pay
O2wFBG4HfLu-00235-00055733-00055942 attention but I'm guessing he's trying
O2wFBG4HfLu-00236-00055944-00056099 to sell some new kind of training
O2wFBG4HfLu-00237-00056100-00056279 something new and that's why he's doing
O2wFBG4HfLu-00238-00056279-00056519 this uh maybe maybe not maybe he just
O2wFBG4HfLu-00239-00056520-00056759 enjoys it I don't know whatever you guys
O2wFBG4HfLu-00240-00056760-00056987 think about what Kevin LeBron is looking
O2wFBG4HfLu-00241-00056988-00057215 like right now at 59 years old and what
O2wFBG4HfLu-00242-00057216-00057491 is he doing whatever you think about him
O2wFBG4HfLu-00243-00057491-00057749 doing CrossFit moving from bodybuilding
O2wFBG4HfLu-00244-00057750-00057988 the bodybuilding Legend the Hall of Fame
O2wFBG4HfLu-00245-00057989-00058204 around the greatest of all time and now
O2wFBG4HfLu-00246-00058205-00058523 moving to what bodybuilders tend to hate
O2wFBG4HfLu-00247-00058524-00058841 dislike CrossFit whatever you think
O2wFBG4HfLu-00248-00058841-00058973 about that tell me down below in the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00249-00058974-00059273 comment section three hours ago James
O2wFBG4HfLu-00250-00059274-00059530 Hollings had posted this photo and I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00251-00059532-00059800 found it very very impressive as you can
O2wFBG4HfLu-00252-00059801-00060071 see there are veins everywhere across
O2wFBG4HfLu-00253-00060072-00060407 his entire body separation as well he is
O2wFBG4HfLu-00254-00060408-00060653 really lean right now and he is really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00255-00060654-00060953 hairy so when he removes all this hair
O2wFBG4HfLu-00256-00060954-00061150 when he gets the tan on it's going to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00257-00061151-00061432 look much much different much better but
O2wFBG4HfLu-00258-00061433-00061823 as for now he seems to be as big as he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00259-00061824-00062176 ever was plus he looks shredded more
O2wFBG4HfLu-00260-00062177-00062404 shredded than I ever saw him really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00261-00062405-00062626 maybe he was leaner at some point but
O2wFBG4HfLu-00262-00062627-00062830 with this kind of muscle this fullness
O2wFBG4HfLu-00263-00062832-00063035 it just looks more impressive he just
O2wFBG4HfLu-00264-00063036-00063442 looks so grainy so hard and he was not
O2wFBG4HfLu-00265-00063444-00063676 super conditioned at Arnold Classic UK
O2wFBG4HfLu-00266-00063677-00063875 there was a problem with condition he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00267-00063876-00064091 could have been leaner and I think he
O2wFBG4HfLu-00268-00064091-00064349 improved on that and he is going to be
O2wFBG4HfLu-00269-00064350-00064576 much leaner than Mr Olympia but he did
O2wFBG4HfLu-00270-00064577-00064780 not sacrifice the muscle like he did
O2wFBG4HfLu-00271-00064782-00065050 last year he did that patiently so
O2wFBG4HfLu-00272-00065051-00065411 slowly so he kept all the tissue he kept
O2wFBG4HfLu-00273-00065412-00065663 all the fullness he looks just as
O2wFBG4HfLu-00274-00065664-00065843 muscular as he was at the Arnold Classic
O2wFBG4HfLu-00275-00065844-00066053 UK so he looks better than ever right
O2wFBG4HfLu-00276-00066054-00066353 now and at the Mr Olympia how well will
O2wFBG4HfLu-00277-00066354-00066587 he do I don't know I can't really
O2wFBG4HfLu-00278-00066588-00066863 predict I don't think he can make the
O2wFBG4HfLu-00279-00066864-00067138 top 10 but he is one of those guys who
O2wFBG4HfLu-00280-00067139-00067444 might slide in if other guys are off and
O2wFBG4HfLu-00281-00067445-00067750 they are completely on but I think he's
O2wFBG4HfLu-00282-00067751-00067997 going to be right at the verge of top 10
O2wFBG4HfLu-00283-00067998-00068405 maybe like top top 11 12 13 we'll see I
O2wFBG4HfLu-00284-00068406-00068531 think he's going to make a leap from
O2wFBG4HfLu-00285-00068532-00068675 last year where he I think he didn't
O2wFBG4HfLu-00286-00068676-00068891 even place so we are definitely going to
O2wFBG4HfLu-00287-00068892-00069053 see a much better version of James
O2wFBG4HfLu-00288-00069054-00069305 Collins here at a Mr Olympia this year
O2wFBG4HfLu-00289-00069306-00069521 whatever you guys think though tell me
O2wFBG4HfLu-00290-00069522-00069659 down below in the comment section like
O2wFBG4HfLu-00291-00069660-00069832 this video If you enjoyed it check out
O2wFBG4HfLu-00292-00069833-00069976 the old school app supplements the link
O2wFBG4HfLu-00293-00069977-00070169 is down below in the description if you
O2wFBG4HfLu-00294-00070170-00070343 guys want to see more stuff like this
O2wFBG4HfLu-00295-00070344-00070517 more bodybuilding videos subscribe to my
O2wFBG4HfLu-00296-00070518-00070625 channel guys thank you so much for
O2wFBG4HfLu-00297-00070626-00070988 watching all the best and bye bye
O2Xs8vHjC8Y-00000-00000540-00002372 [Music]
O2Xs8vHjC8Y-00001-00002373-00004185 [Music]
O3ESJi4D99g-00000-00000056-00000271 [Music]
O3ESJi4D99g-00001-00000272-00000463 do a goat's rectangular pupil seem
O3ESJi4D99g-00002-00000463-00000726 strange to you you might say yes
O3ESJi4D99g-00003-00000727-00000943 because it's strangely shaped at the
O3ESJi4D99g-00004-00000944-00001150 same time it provides an impressive
O3ESJi4D99g-00005-00001151-00001423 vision for a grazing animal like a goat
O3ESJi4D99g-00006-00001424-00001647 it's most wanted power dot because for a
O3ESJi4D99g-00007-00001648-00001855 grazing animal like a goat chances from
O3ESJi4D99g-00008-00001855-00002095 attack from predatory animals are higher
O3ESJi4D99g-00009-00002096-00002279 but their rectangular shaped pupils
O3ESJi4D99g-00010-00002280-00002534 provide detailed panoramic vision which
O3ESJi4D99g-00011-00002535-00002710 helps them to detect the danger from a
O3ESJi4D99g-00012-00002711-00003007 distance besides the effective rotation
O3ESJi4D99g-00013-00003008-00003215 of eyes helps the goats to detect the
O3ESJi4D99g-00014-00003215-00003383 strange movement in the field even at
O3ESJi4D99g-00015-00003384-00003654 the time of grazing in that way they get
O3ESJi4D99g-00016-00003655-00003854 enough time to escape from a predatory
O3ESJi4D99g-00017-00003855-00004009 animal
O3ESJi4D99g-00018-00004010-00005999 [Music]
O3ESJi4D99g-00019-00006000-00006207 you
O5dUTa9d9rU-00000-00000600-00000734 greetings and welcome to the
O5dUTa9d9rU-00001-00000735-00000927 introduction to astronomy
O5dUTa9d9rU-00002-00000927-00001087 one of the things that i like to do in
O5dUTa9d9rU-00003-00001088-00001254 each of my introductory astronomy
O5dUTa9d9rU-00004-00001255-00001447 classes is to begin the class with the
O5dUTa9d9rU-00005-00001448-00001630 astronomy picture of the day
O5dUTa9d9rU-00006-00001632-00001930 from the nasa website that is
O5dUTa9d9rU-00007-00001932-00002095 apod.nasa.gov
O5dUTa9d9rU-00008-00002096-00002415 apod and today's picture from may the
O5dUTa9d9rU-00009-00002416-00002663 21st of 2021
O5dUTa9d9rU-00010-00002664-00003007 well it is titled utopia on mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00011-00003008-00003286 so what do we see here well here is an
O5dUTa9d9rU-00012-00003288-00003519 image of the surface of mars and we've
O5dUTa9d9rU-00013-00003520-00003670 looked at a lot of them recently from
O5dUTa9d9rU-00014-00003671-00003870 the various rovers that are exploring
O5dUTa9d9rU-00015-00003871-00003951 mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00016-00003952-00004119 this one is actually a little older
O5dUTa9d9rU-00017-00004120-00004343 going back to 1976
O5dUTa9d9rU-00018-00004344-00004654 and is part of the viking 2 program
O5dUTa9d9rU-00019-00004655-00004927 which was an early lander on mars you
O5dUTa9d9rU-00020-00004928-00005135 can actually see the foot pad of the
O5dUTa9d9rU-00021-00005136-00005359 lander down towards the lower right
O5dUTa9d9rU-00022-00005360-00005631 where it landed on the surface and
O5dUTa9d9rU-00023-00005632-00005847 straight ahead you can see two
O5dUTa9d9rU-00024-00005848-00006167 little grooves dug into the martian soil
O5dUTa9d9rU-00025-00006168-00006454 and this was done by the lander and it
O5dUTa9d9rU-00026-00006455-00006663 was done to explore and to pick up
O5dUTa9d9rU-00027-00006664-00006775 samples of that
O5dUTa9d9rU-00028-00006776-00006967 and in fact to dig down a little bit
O5dUTa9d9rU-00029-00006968-00007175 below the surface of mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00030-00007176-00007391 which is completely sterilized by
O5dUTa9d9rU-00031-00007392-00007655 ultraviolet radiation from the sun
O5dUTa9d9rU-00032-00007656-00007895 and to see if there were any possibility
O5dUTa9d9rU-00033-00007895-00008159 of finding some kind of microbial life
O5dUTa9d9rU-00034-00008159-00008287 on mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00035-00008288-00008510 and of course we know now that there
O5dUTa9d9rU-00036-00008511-00008710 this was very inconclusive that we
O5dUTa9d9rU-00037-00008711-00008951 couldn't find any direct evidence of
O5dUTa9d9rU-00038-00008952-00009223 life but it is something we still search
O5dUTa9d9rU-00039-00009224-00009263 for
O5dUTa9d9rU-00040-00009264-00009503 because we've only searched very limited
O5dUTa9d9rU-00041-00009504-00009606 areas
O5dUTa9d9rU-00042-00009607-00009791 and of course having the rovers now
O5dUTa9d9rU-00043-00009792-00010023 allows us to explore a slightly larger
O5dUTa9d9rU-00044-00010024-00010310 area but it is still only a tiny portion
O5dUTa9d9rU-00045-00010311-00010471 of the surface of mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00046-00010472-00010791 that has been directly explored
O5dUTa9d9rU-00047-00010792-00010951 now the other thing that you see there
O5dUTa9d9rU-00048-00010952-00011127 is one of the protective
O5dUTa9d9rU-00049-00011128-00011414 covers that was on the soil collector
O5dUTa9d9rU-00050-00011415-00011495 head
O5dUTa9d9rU-00051-00011496-00011695 so that was ejected off so if you see
O5dUTa9d9rU-00052-00011696-00011910 that piece of metal it looks like off to
O5dUTa9d9rU-00053-00011911-00012055 the right hand side
O5dUTa9d9rU-00054-00012056-00012310 that was what was covering the soil
O5dUTa9d9rU-00055-00012311-00012470 sample collector
O5dUTa9d9rU-00056-00012471-00012742 and had to be of course ejected off
O5dUTa9d9rU-00057-00012743-00012838 before
O5dUTa9d9rU-00058-00012839-00013199 the samples could be taken
O5dUTa9d9rU-00059-00013200-00013383 now when we look at the surface itself
O5dUTa9d9rU-00060-00013384-00013607 we do notice the distinct reddish brown
O5dUTa9d9rU-00061-00013608-00014007 color caused by iron oxides in the soil
O5dUTa9d9rU-00062-00014008-00014319 so iron in the soil has picked up oxygen
O5dUTa9d9rU-00063-00014319-00014535 there is no oxygen in the atmosphere of
O5dUTa9d9rU-00064-00014536-00014607 mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00065-00014608-00014830 but it is picked up and tied down into
O5dUTa9d9rU-00066-00014831-00014983 the surface into
O5dUTa9d9rU-00067-00014984-00015279 iron oxide or a kind of rust which gives
O5dUTa9d9rU-00068-00015280-00015327 it this
O5dUTa9d9rU-00069-00015328-00015630 reddish brown color and makes mars known
O5dUTa9d9rU-00070-00015631-00015694 as
O5dUTa9d9rU-00071-00015695-00016055 the red planet now exploration
O5dUTa9d9rU-00072-00016056-00016327 of mars has continued since the vikings
O5dUTa9d9rU-00073-00016328-00016543 back in the 1970s
O5dUTa9d9rU-00074-00016544-00016822 and we currently have the perseverance
O5dUTa9d9rU-00075-00016823-00016919 rover
O5dUTa9d9rU-00076-00016920-00017279 as well as the curiosity rover
O5dUTa9d9rU-00077-00017280-00017503 exploring the surface of mars and in
O5dUTa9d9rU-00078-00017504-00017647 fact a recent uh
O5dUTa9d9rU-00079-00017648-00017886 rover from china has also just touched
O5dUTa9d9rU-00080-00017887-00018143 down on mars just a week ago
O5dUTa9d9rU-00081-00018144-00018463 and returned its first um area
O5dUTa9d9rU-00082-00018464-00018847 first exploration of that
O5dUTa9d9rU-00083-00018848-00019103 that region of mars where it landed
O5dUTa9d9rU-00084-00019104-00019158 knowning
O5dUTa9d9rU-00085-00019159-00019511 known as utopia planish plandisha
O5dUTa9d9rU-00086-00019512-00019703 so it is exploring and we so there are
O5dUTa9d9rU-00087-00019704-00019950 now three active rovers on the surface
O5dUTa9d9rU-00088-00019951-00020055 of mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00089-00020056-00020311 exploring that and we see as we look out
O5dUTa9d9rU-00090-00020312-00020511 here not only the red color
O5dUTa9d9rU-00091-00020512-00020807 but also the this the large number of
O5dUTa9d9rU-00092-00020808-00021039 rocks in this portion of mars
O5dUTa9d9rU-00093-00021040-00021230 and that really depends on what portion
O5dUTa9d9rU-00094-00021231-00021414 of mars you're on but this looks like a
O5dUTa9d9rU-00095-00021415-00021583 great field of rocks
O5dUTa9d9rU-00096-00021584-00021735 so you can imagine it would be very
O5dUTa9d9rU-00097-00021736-00021935 difficult to land here
O5dUTa9d9rU-00098-00021936-00022127 and had to of course look for something
O5dUTa9d9rU-00099-00022128-00022319 that was relatively smooth
O5dUTa9d9rU-00100-00022320-00022630 to land on well if your landing pad
O5dUTa9d9rU-00101-00022631-00022807 happened to be on one of these rocks you
O5dUTa9d9rU-00102-00022808-00022911 could very easily
O5dUTa9d9rU-00103-00022912-00023239 tilt the spacecraft over and then
O5dUTa9d9rU-00104-00023240-00023575 not be able to uh explore as
O5dUTa9d9rU-00105-00023576-00023894 expected so here we see the surface of
O5dUTa9d9rU-00106-00023895-00024055 mars from viking
O5dUTa9d9rU-00107-00024056-00024414 in 1976 so that was our picture of the
O5dUTa9d9rU-00108-00024415-00024455 day
O5dUTa9d9rU-00109-00024456-00024783 for may the 21st of 2021
O5dUTa9d9rU-00110-00024784-00025094 it was titled utopia on mars we'll be
O5dUTa9d9rU-00111-00025095-00025335 back again tomorrow for the next picture
O5dUTa9d9rU-00112-00025336-00025639 so until then have a great day everyone
O5dUTa9d9rU-00113-00025639-00026095 and i will see you in class
O51_UKm8Uf8-00000-00000048-00000295 okay i'm all set up at my desk with my
O51_UKm8Uf8-00001-00000296-00000390 computer
O51_UKm8Uf8-00002-00000391-00000567 at a normal distance from me and i've
O51_UKm8Uf8-00003-00000568-00000799 made the video full screen
O51_UKm8Uf8-00004-00000800-00000991 i'm on my own so i'm going to record my
O51_UKm8Uf8-00005-00000992-00001103 responses using
O51_UKm8Uf8-00006-00001104-00001319 using an audio file on my phone each
O51_UKm8Uf8-00007-00001320-00001478 time i see a trial i'm going to shout
O51_UKm8Uf8-00008-00001479-00001655 out left or right
O51_UKm8Uf8-00009-00001655-00002023 okay let's play the experiment
O51_UKm8Uf8-00010-00002023-00002215 first have some few instructions as a
O51_UKm8Uf8-00011-00002216-00002631 reminder and then a countdown
O51_UKm8Uf8-00012-00002632-00003023 here comes the first trial
O51_UKm8Uf8-00013-00003024-00003359 left left
O51_UKm8Uf8-00014-00003360-00003670 right left
O51_UKm8Uf8-00015-00003671-00003999 right right i'm going to listen to my
O51_UKm8Uf8-00016-00004000-00004135 responses
O51_UKm8Uf8-00017-00004136-00004447 and record on my computer whenever i get
O51_UKm8Uf8-00018-00004448-00004583 one
O51_UKm8Uf8-00019-00004584-00004927 correct you could also only record the
O51_UKm8Uf8-00020-00004928-00005095 ones you get incorrect depending how
O51_UKm8Uf8-00021-00005096-00005670 good at this you are
O51_UKm8Uf8-00022-00005671-00005879 now i'm going to count up how many i got
O51_UKm8Uf8-00023-00005880-00006054 correct for each of the luminance
O51_UKm8Uf8-00024-00006055-00006183 categories
O51_UKm8Uf8-00025-00006184-00006598 and record them in the summary table
O51_UKm8Uf8-00026-00006600-00007083 either by hand or in the computer
O51_UKm8Uf8-00027-00007084-00007223 spreadsheet
O51_UKm8Uf8-00028-00007223-00007591 so i've got my values filled in
O51_UKm8Uf8-00029-00007592-00007846 number of correct for each luminance and
O51_UKm8Uf8-00030-00007847-00007919 now
O51_UKm8Uf8-00031-00007920-00008751 i'm just going to go through and map out
O51_UKm8Uf8-00032-00008752-00009431 on a graph
O51_UKm8Uf8-00033-00009432-00009742 like this and now you can roughly see
O51_UKm8Uf8-00034-00009743-00009823 the shape
O51_UKm8Uf8-00035-00009824-00010751 of my curve
O51_UKm8Uf8-00036-00010752-00011063 so here i'm around chance
O51_UKm8Uf8-00037-00011064-00011399 and up here i'm getting them all
O51_UKm8Uf8-00038-00011400-00011742 right and in between here is my
O51_UKm8Uf8-00039-00011743-00012110 inflection point
O51_UKm8Uf8-00040-00012111-00012414 the point where it changes sharply from
O51_UKm8Uf8-00041-00012415-00012559 chance level
O51_UKm8Uf8-00042-00012560-00012919 to becoming always correct
O51_UKm8Uf8-00043-00012919-00013222 and so somewhere about in the middle of
O51_UKm8Uf8-00044-00013223-00013630 this
O51_UKm8Uf8-00045-00013631-00014030 is where i see the change
O51_UKm8Uf8-00046-00014031-00014471 and for me that's about
O51_UKm8Uf8-00047-00014472-00015063 10 or 11.
O51_UKm8Uf8-00048-00015063-00015199 and here's what it looks like on the
O51_UKm8Uf8-00049-00015200-00015728 google sheet
O7LuCuALL_y-00000-00000097-00000383 the legacy of 9 11 is that these
O7LuCuALL_y-00001-00000384-00000665 behemoths these nations these Empires
O7LuCuALL_y-00002-00000666-00000862 care nothing for those crushed in the
O7LuCuALL_y-00003-00000863-00001097 mechanisms of their schemes they'll use
O7LuCuALL_y-00004-00001098-00001462 any cruelty necessary to manage you to
O7LuCuALL_y-00005-00001463-00001691 bind you into their schemes they will
O7LuCuALL_y-00006-00001692-00001937 manipulate you to death
O7LuCuALL_y-00007-00001938-00002165 people joke about eating the bugs living
O7LuCuALL_y-00008-00002166-00002351 in the pods but have you looked around
O7LuCuALL_y-00009-00002352-00002633 lately the theater of security crawled
O7LuCuALL_y-00010-00002634-00002867 into every aspect of our lives our
O7LuCuALL_y-00011-00002868-00003041 neighborhoods are built with constant
O7LuCuALL_y-00012-00003042-00003335 video surveillance and the same exact PA
O7LuCuALL_y-00013-00003336-00003551 systems used in prisons
O7LuCuALL_y-00014-00003552-00003815 we're all drowning in alienation and
O7LuCuALL_y-00015-00003815-00004061 isolation and dissociation stirring
O7LuCuALL_y-00016-00004061-00004331 feverishly in quarantines only necessary
O7LuCuALL_y-00017-00004332-00004547 because of the calculating inaction of
O7LuCuALL_y-00018-00004548-00004786 meticulously brutal State constructs
O7LuCuALL_y-00019-00004787-00005002 most of us were children when this
O7LuCuALL_y-00020-00005003-00005291 particular cage was built around us
O7LuCuALL_y-00021-00005292-00005531 all of this where were you never forget
O7LuCuALL_y-00022-00005532-00005765 nonsense Rings especially Hollow this
O7LuCuALL_y-00023-00005766-00005952 year
O7LuCuALL_y-00024-00005953-00006215 2461 people died in the United States
O7LuCuALL_y-00025-00006216-00006509 yesterday more will die today it has
O7LuCuALL_y-00026-00006509-00006677 been said that the plague is a measure
O7LuCuALL_y-00027-00006678-00006959 of mankind this organization of mankind
O7LuCuALL_y-00028-00006959-00007428 has been measured and found lacking
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00000-00000026-00000386 sir David Robert Bates the 18th of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00001-00000387-00000914 November 1916 to the 5th of January 1994
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00002-00000915-00001204 was a Northern Irish mathematician and
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00003-00001205-00001498 physicist born in Omaha County Tyrone
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00004-00001499-00001814 Ireland he moved to Belfast with his
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00005-00001814-00002176 family in 1925 attending the Royal
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00006-00002177-00002600 Belfast Academical Institution he
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00007-00002601-00002860 enrolled with the Queen's University of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00008-00002861-00003503 Belfast in 1934 in 1939 he became a
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00009-00003504-00003906 research student under Harry Massey
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00010-00003907-00004213 during the Second World War he worked at
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00011-00004214-00004495 the Admiralty mining establishment where
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00012-00004496-00004761 he developed methods of protecting ships
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00013-00004762-00005147 from magnetically activated mines
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00014-00005148-00005406 working at University College London
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00015-00005407-00005968 from 1945 until 1951 he then returned
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00016-00005969-00006156 once more to the queen's university
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00017-00006157-00006541 belfast where he founded the department
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00018-00006542-00006756 of applied mathematics and theoretical
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00019-00006758-00007188 physics although he officially retired
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00020-00007189-00007567 in 1982 he continued to work in the
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00021-00007568-00007756 department as an emeritus professor
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00022-00007756-00008037 until his death
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00023-00008038-00008339 his contributions to science include
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00024-00008340-00008614 seminal works on atmospheric physics
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00025-00008615-00008903 molecular physics and the chemistry of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00026-00008904-00009326 interstellar clouds he was knighted in
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00027-00009327-00009678 1978 for his services to science was a
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00028-00009679-00009957 fellow of the Royal Society and vice
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00029-00009958-00010412 president of the Royal Irish Academy in
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00030-00010413-00010782 1970 he won the Hughes medal he was
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00031-00010783-00011037 elected a foreign honorary member of the
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00032-00011038-00011423 American Academy of Arts and Sciences in
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00033-00011424-00011787 1974 Bates was a lifelong advocate of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00034-00011788-00012060 peace and a non-sectarian Northern
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00035-00012061-00012432 Ireland he was a founding member of the
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00036-00012433-00012807 Alliance Party of Northern Ireland he
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00037-00012808-00013185 was married to Barbara Morris in 1956
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00038-00013186-00013394 and they had two children the
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00039-00013395-00013605 mathematics building at Queen's
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00040-00013606-00014018 University Belfast is named after him
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00041-00014019-00014388 two scientific awards have been created
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00042-00014388-00014658 in his honour the David Bates medal of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00043-00014659-00014934 the European geophysical Society as
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00044-00014935-00015162 awarded yearly for outstanding
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00045-00015163-00015435 contributions to planetary and solar
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00046-00015436-00015699 system science and the Institute of
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00047-00015700-00015930 Physics have the David Bates prize
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00048-00015931-00016209 awarded in even dated years for
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00049-00016210-00016452 distinguished achievement in atomic
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00050-00016453-00016974 molecular optical and plasma physics
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00051-00016975-00017318 you
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00052-00017319-00017939 topic see also
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00053-00017940-00018260 Alexander Delgado
O7a_S9iZ7fA-00054-00018261-00018842 atomic physics molecular physics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00000-00000000-00000615 the second by the talk of the workshop
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00001-00000616-00000958 and this is going to be by jovao marcos
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00002-00000959-00001223 from brazil
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00003-00001224-00001550 joe marcos is a musician
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00004-00001551-00001879 and he has two phd one mathematics from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00005-00001880-00002047 the technical university
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00006-00002048-00002359 of lisbon and the other one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00007-00002360-00002615 a phd in philosophy from the state
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00008-00002616-00002950 university of campinas in brazil
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00009-00002951-00003166 is currently an associate professor at
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00010-00003167-00003263 the department of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00011-00003264-00003535 informatics and applied mathematics of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00012-00003536-00003638 universidades
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00013-00003639-00003967 federal rio grande of the north brazil
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00014-00003968-00004247 and collaborates with security and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00015-00004248-00004422 quantum information group of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00016-00004423-00004647 institute of telecommunications
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00017-00004648-00005102 in portugal the talk he is going to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00018-00005103-00005454 to give us today is titled understanding
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00019-00005455-00005759 negation through the model recent eyes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00020-00005760-00006270 and i think we all are going to enjoy it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00021-00006271-00006518 thank you very much for this um i do
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00022-00006519-00006663 hope you will enjoy
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00023-00006664-00006951 of course but um let me clarify that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00024-00006952-00007103 when i put the modal edition's eyes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00025-00007104-00007295 there'll be lots of eyes actually uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00026-00007295-00007646 appearing here uh just to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00027-00007647-00007934 recall how is it that the perspective of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00028-00007936-00008134 the non-classical logician
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00029-00008136-00008483 uh when approaching logic it's not to to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00030-00008484-00008783 cancel logic itself or the standard
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00031-00008784-00008903 approach to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00032-00008904-00009239 logic but uh i would say that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00033-00009240-00009431 important thing here is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00034-00009432-00009567 nonclassical logician wants to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00035-00009568-00009759 understand the role of a standard
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00036-00009760-00009942 assumption this assumption might be one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00037-00009943-00010142 from classical logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00038-00010143-00010406 and the way that he's planning to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00039-00010407-00010591 understand it is by canceling it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00040-00010592-00010878 and looking at how the world would be uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00041-00010879-00011063 if things were not to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00042-00011064-00011383 like they are so even if you're not a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00043-00011384-00011527 non-classical education i hope you will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00044-00011528-00011631 appreciate
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00045-00011632-00012023 uh the um entertaining the possibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00046-00012024-00012167 of looking at
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00047-00012168-00012455 alternative worlds and the best people
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00048-00012456-00012599 to look at alternative worlds are the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00049-00012600-00012638 most
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00050-00012639-00012886 modal logicians so let's see what we can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00051-00012887-00013102 do with modal logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00052-00013103-00013558 the aim here is to study negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00053-00013559-00013815 using these glasses of a modal logician
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00054-00013816-00014030 so we want to study by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00055-00014031-00014311 cancelling the assumptions of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00056-00014312-00014415 consistency
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00057-00014416-00014630 or determinateness from the classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00058-00014631-00014783 negation and study
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00059-00014784-00015055 what would happen if negation were not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00060-00015056-00015247 to be classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00061-00015247-00015566 now i will provide from the point of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00062-00015568-00015686 view of model logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00063-00015687-00015966 characterization of what it means to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00064-00015968-00016111 talk about a negative
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00065-00016112-00016415 modality or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00066-00016416-00016694 the modal approaches to negation which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00067-00016695-00016927 are not necessarily classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00068-00016928-00017294 and i will try to convince you that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00069-00017295-00017599 the scope is full in the sense that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00070-00017600-00017767 every normal modal logic for instance
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00071-00017768-00017927 can be recaptured
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00072-00017928-00018175 using these non-classical glasses and i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00073-00018176-00018271 will offer
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00074-00018272-00018550 abstract definitions followed by some
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00075-00018551-00018711 semantical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00076-00018712-00018975 samples of those logics a lot of those
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00077-00018976-00019199 logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00078-00019200-00019391 and i will also offer some proof
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00079-00019392-00019575 theoretical study of them in particular
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00080-00019576-00019655 in terms of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00081-00019656-00019886 hubert calculate but also sequent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00082-00019887-00019983 calculate with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00083-00019984-00020239 very which are very well behaved so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00084-00020240-00020511 let's see what uh how far we can go
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00085-00020512-00020863 uh as on the guys of motivation let me
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00086-00020864-00021199 start by saying that uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00087-00021200-00021455 not every modal logician is looking for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00088-00021456-00021558 the same thing but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00089-00021559-00021886 we might claim that they are uh trying
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00090-00021887-00022111 to capture some notion
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00091-00022112-00022399 of synonymity what do i mean by this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00092-00022400-00022471 well just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00093-00022472-00022719 let's consider that two uh formulas are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00094-00022720-00022855 two sets of formulas are called
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00095-00022856-00022975 equivalent when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00096-00022976-00023247 from one of those sets you can prove all
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00097-00023248-00023391 the formulas in the other set
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00098-00023392-00023719 and vice versa and uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00099-00023720-00023871 imagine that we want to go a little bit
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00100-00023872-00024078 further and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00101-00024079-00024350 consider a logic for instance in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00102-00024351-00024439 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00103-00024440-00024655 is not classical and actually negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00104-00024656-00024799 is not explosive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00105-00024800-00025071 so in which you could have a formula and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00106-00025072-00025247 its negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00107-00025248-00025503 a formula and it's negation and we want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00108-00025504-00025646 to consider where these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00109-00025647-00025950 two sets are equivalent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00110-00025951-00026111 well as i said the logic is power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00111-00026112-00026287 consistent if these two sets were to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00112-00026288-00026407 equivalent according to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00113-00026408-00026631 uh the above definition then in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00114-00026632-00026823 particular from this set you could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00115-00026824-00026895 derive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00116-00026895-00027151 any formula so they would not be power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00117-00027152-00027239 consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00118-00027239-00027535 so this obviously tells us already that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00119-00027536-00027639 from the point of view of power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00120-00027639-00027807 consistent logic not all
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00121-00027808-00028118 contradictions or sets containing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00122-00028119-00028311 a formula and its negation contradictory
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00123-00028312-00028495 formulas if you want to say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00124-00028495-00028735 are equivalent they cannot be actually
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00125-00028736-00028831 this raised an
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00126-00028832-00028999 interesting discussion in the literature
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00127-00029000-00029199 which i would just like to mention
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00128-00029200-00029502 the in the 30s already jeffries was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00129-00029504-00029711 publishing papers saying that well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00130-00029712-00030007 you see uh it's not very reasonable to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00131-00030008-00030111 suppose that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00132-00030112-00030351 uh from a contradiction anything should
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00133-00030352-00030439 follow
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00134-00030439-00030718 and then uh people like karl popper
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00135-00030719-00030831 responded saying
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00136-00030832-00031151 look you contradictions are so dangerous
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00137-00031152-00031231 because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00138-00031232-00031567 uh if you really if you don't avoid them
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00139-00031568-00031783 science will collapse other people like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00140-00031783-00031911 alan turing were saying the same to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00141-00031912-00032079 wittgenstein at the same time bridges
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00142-00032080-00032199 will fall as
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00143-00032200-00032527 if you might remember now this uh became
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00144-00032527-00032687 a conversation in the literature and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00145-00032688-00032751 jeffrey's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00146-00032752-00033062 clarified similar to what i said above
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00147-00033063-00033423 that uh what he was saying was just that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00148-00033424-00033662 not all contradictions are the same if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00149-00033663-00033727 perhaps
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00150-00033728-00033974 you allow some of them to be tolerated
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00151-00033975-00034079 perhaps
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00152-00034080-00034383 uh you do not need to commit to tolerate
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00153-00034384-00034639 all of them and then popper said oh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00154-00034640-00034687 great
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00155-00034688-00034990 i actually thought i mean a bit later of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00156-00034991-00035062 a system
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00157-00035063-00035311 in which these uh would happen in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00158-00035312-00035590 uh contradictions would not explode
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00159-00035591-00035830 but it happened that my system was too
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00160-00035831-00036007 weak and i abandoned it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00161-00036008-00036295 so he just abandoned the possibility uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00162-00036296-00036351 or the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00163-00036352-00036559 the chance of becoming one of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00164-00036560-00036767 forerunners of power consistent logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00165-00036768-00037118 his choice but um maybe
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00166-00037119-00037318 other systems different from the one he
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00167-00037319-00037446 has considered
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00168-00037447-00037846 wouldn't be too weak imagine that well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00169-00037847-00038046 let's see what happens if we explore
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00170-00038047-00038167 this a little bit further a lot of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00171-00038168-00038359 people have done it so let's see what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00172-00038360-00038487 happens in particular if you want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00173-00038488-00038646 make this equivalence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00174-00038647-00038887 more than just an equivalence so imagine
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00175-00038888-00039023 that we have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00176-00039024-00039271 a context here will be just a formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00177-00039272-00039383 with a hole
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00178-00039384-00039735 and in that hole i put either phi or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00179-00039736-00040102 psi now if it happens that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00180-00040103-00040343 the formula applied to phi and the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00181-00040344-00040471 formula applied to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00182-00040472-00040815 psi in that context are equivalent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00183-00040816-00041087 we extend our notion of equivalence to c
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00184-00041088-00041230 equivalence equivalence under that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00185-00041231-00041343 context
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00186-00041344-00041567 of course the context could be an atom
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00187-00041568-00041646 containing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00188-00041647-00041974 no connectives so it would coincide with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00189-00041975-00042167 the previous definition for the case of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00190-00042168-00042502 a single formula now uh what we are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00191-00042503-00042639 really interested on is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00192-00042640-00042783 uh in the situations in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00193-00042784-00042958 equivalence actually
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00194-00042959-00043255 becomes contagious and in which uh two
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00195-00043256-00043462 formulas being equivalent is enough for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00196-00043463-00043543 us to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00197-00043544-00043783 say that they are indistinguishable so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00198-00043784-00043967 that is the case in which we call
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00199-00043968-00044271 formulas synonymous we say that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00200-00044272-00044599 being equivalent is sufficient for us to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00201-00044600-00044774 be able to prove that they can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00202-00044775-00045095 be replaced one by the other and that's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00203-00045096-00045358 the very definition of congruentiality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00204-00045359-00045630 uh for a given connective safe or for a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00205-00045631-00045687 given
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00206-00045688-00046030 formula with a with a unary
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00207-00046031-00046279 uh character so with a whole and if i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00208-00046280-00046399 want to say that a logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00209-00046400-00046551 is congruent i just say that this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00210-00046552-00046774 happens for any context training formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00211-00046775-00047111 equivalence implies synonymity now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00212-00047112-00047343 i claim here that um this is one of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00213-00047344-00047423 main properties
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00214-00047424-00047686 characterizing model logic so the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00215-00047687-00047823 replacement property
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00216-00047824-00048102 is one at least that one we would expect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00217-00048103-00048262 to find in what's uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00218-00048263-00048430 known in the literature as classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00219-00048431-00048751 model logics which is not the same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00220-00048752-00049062 as normal modal logics they are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00221-00049063-00049374 connected to uh semantic and symmetrical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00222-00049375-00049567 terms having a neighborhood semantics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00223-00049568-00049751 while the normal modologics will have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00224-00049752-00049927 cryptic semantics like the ones
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00225-00049928-00050158 that i will actually explore later on in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00226-00050159-00050295 this talk
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00227-00050296-00050479 but it's also interesting to notice that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00228-00050480-00050743 the um the notion of congruentiality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00229-00050744-00050815 which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00230-00050816-00051062 so dear to modal logic is actually
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00231-00051063-00051190 stronger than the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00232-00051191-00051366 notion of extensionality which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00233-00051367-00051511 stronger than the notion of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00234-00051512-00051814 truth functionality okay so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00235-00051815-00052030 we are imposing a lot but we want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00236-00052032-00052207 study logics which are not so exotic so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00237-00052208-00052447 it's not a problem that we do that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00238-00052448-00052711 now uh one might say that this has been
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00239-00052712-00052791 done before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00240-00052791-00053135 um particles and logics which are model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00241-00053136-00053294 have been studied before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00242-00053295-00053519 what could we say for instance about the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00243-00053520-00053719 first paragraph logic in the literature
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00244-00053720-00053887 which was proposed as
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00245-00053888-00054087 as non-explosive proposed to be power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00246-00054088-00054247 consistent by istani suave
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00247-00054248-00054535 yoshikovsky the logic d2 well i claim
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00248-00054536-00054671 that this is a false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00249-00054672-00054903 start and precisely because this logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00250-00054904-00055063 is not congruential
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00251-00055064-00055407 but well it was defined originally in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00252-00055408-00055542 terms of a modal logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00253-00055544-00055926 s5 and the way it was defined was by way
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00254-00055927-00056287 or through two translations composed
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00255-00056288-00056630 this one and this one so uh this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00256-00056632-00056815 green translation here what it does is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00257-00056816-00056942 to process
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00258-00056944-00057182 the connectives in such a way that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00259-00057183-00057335 will be able to recover
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00260-00057336-00057591 the uh positive fragment of classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00261-00057591-00057742 logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00262-00057744-00058007 and uh the other translation on top of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00263-00058008-00058182 it is putting a diamond in front of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00264-00058183-00058263 every formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00265-00058264-00058615 after you translate and this is a way of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00266-00058616-00058782 saying that while we're taking into
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00267-00058783-00058847 account
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00268-00058848-00059087 different agents or different moments in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00269-00059088-00059223 a discourse
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00270-00059224-00059382 so this was the original motivation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00271-00059383-00059623 yskovsky and one might say well it was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00272-00059624-00059854 defined in terms of s5 a model logic so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00273-00059855-00059991 here is some other logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00274-00059991-00060342 and i say it's not why do i say that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00275-00060344-00060399 well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00276-00060400-00060726 as i said because you could for instance
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00277-00060727-00061071 define a certain formula say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00278-00061072-00061391 classical negation of a and you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00279-00061391-00061438 prove
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00280-00061439-00061750 that uh the atom p
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00281-00061751-00062047 uh it's equivalent to the it's double
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00282-00062048-00062238 negation according to this new negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00283-00062239-00062359 that i just defined
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00284-00062360-00062742 yet the power consistent uh negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00285-00062744-00063071 of this atom p is not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00286-00063072-00063247 equivalent to the power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00287-00063248-00063471 negation of this double negation of p
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00288-00063472-00063791 so congruentiality fails and d2 is not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00289-00063791-00064111 a modal logic according to my uh main
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00290-00064112-00064182 requirement
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00291-00064183-00064447 to identify anything as being modal you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00292-00064448-00064582 might not agree with that requirement
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00293-00064583-00064694 but then you might not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00294-00064695-00064942 also want to have cryptic semantics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00295-00064944-00065054 which i do have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00296-00065055-00065375 which i do want to have so this was a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00297-00065376-00065567 false start in a certain sense
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00298-00065568-00066015 um but we can go a little bit further
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00299-00066016-00066303 uh in fact it's uh the the result that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00300-00066304-00066391 was proved
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00301-00066392-00066703 about d2 uh it follows for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00302-00066704-00066967 any logic in which uh from the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00303-00066968-00067119 of an implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00304-00067120-00067463 uh um you can prove this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00305-00067464-00067782 co-implication here this a and not b
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00306-00067783-00067982 now this is a very common especially if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00307-00067983-00068135 your implication and conjunction behave
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00308-00068136-00068303 classically but what i'm saying is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00309-00068304-00068463 this is enough for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00310-00068464-00068750 the proof that an extension of positive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00311-00068751-00068919 classical logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00312-00068920-00069263 failures congressionality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00313-00069264-00069591 okay so uh what can we do
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00314-00069592-00069750 let's go a little bit further then and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00315-00069751-00069959 discuss the possibility of having a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00316-00069960-00070119 power consistent logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00317-00070120-00070431 with congruentiality now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00318-00070432-00070726 what i want is something like this that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00319-00070727-00070823 whenever
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00320-00070824-00071119 psi follows from phi i want to have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00321-00071120-00071215 something which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00322-00071216-00071550 allows me to reverse this and to put psi
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00323-00071551-00071871 on the left and phi on the right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00324-00071872-00072159 so imagine that negation where to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00325-00072160-00072303 this context
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00326-00072304-00072615 this is a sort of contraposition which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00327-00072616-00072687 is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00328-00072688-00072926 very common in many logics one might
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00329-00072927-00072999 wonder if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00330-00073000-00073335 power consistent logics can survive to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00331-00073336-00073567 that property so if they can have that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00332-00073568-00073687 property if they can be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00333-00073688-00073999 negation reversing for their power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00334-00074000-00074150 consist negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00335-00074151-00074335 now in general i want to consider not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00336-00074336-00074455 only the power consists of negation but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00337-00074456-00074559 also the power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00338-00074560-00074694 negative modalities but i haven't
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00339-00074695-00074879 introduced them yet so i have to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00340-00074880-00075143 stay talking about these uh first
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00341-00075144-00075223 example
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00342-00075224-00075550 but asu will see after i introduce
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00343-00075551-00075726 negative modalities they will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00344-00075727-00075815 examples
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00345-00075816-00076119 they exist and there will be examples of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00346-00076120-00076311 context that allow for this global
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00347-00076312-00076511 version of counterposition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00348-00076512-00076775 and of course once you allow for this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00349-00076776-00076823 you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00350-00076824-00077126 immediately get for having this and it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00351-00077127-00077206 converse
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00352-00077207-00077367 you have this in its converse so you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00353-00077368-00077575 have congruentiality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00354-00077576-00077719 right so you have that equivalence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00355-00077720-00078071 implies synonymity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00356-00078072-00078303 okay so as i said the question is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00357-00078304-00078487 whether a parkinson's logic could be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00358-00078488-00078871 reversing uh in that sense and for many
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00359-00078872-00079159 uh in years in the literature a lot of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00360-00079160-00079206 people
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00361-00079207-00079382 seem to believe that it wasn't possible
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00362-00079383-00079535 and actually they had many examples of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00363-00079536-00079647 logics in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00364-00079648-00080038 this was not a property so they thought
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00365-00080039-00080182 well as my logic doesn't have this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00366-00080183-00080406 property no logic will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00367-00080407-00080647 okay but let's go a little bit uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00368-00080648-00080791 further and see
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00369-00080792-00080926 what the kind of criticisms that we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00370-00080927-00081135 found already in the early literature
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00371-00081136-00081350 about this i said that we i'm looking
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00372-00081351-00081535 for a sort of contour position so you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00373-00081536-00081711 might imagine that quantum position is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00374-00081712-00081791 formulated
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00375-00081792-00082150 like this in terms of a certain
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00376-00082151-00082447 notion of consequence now uh pooper
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00377-00082448-00082638 already said that you see my logic was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00378-00082639-00082687 so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00379-00082688-00082991 weak because precisely i couldn't have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00380-00082992-00083223 this thing inside and the reason he
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00381-00083224-00083415 couldn't have is very simple he could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00382-00083416-00083631 build a reasoning in which he uses
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00383-00083632-00083823 reflexivity and cut
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00384-00083824-00084126 plus implication introduction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00385-00084127-00084343 and implication elimination so the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00386-00084344-00084511 implication of intuitionistic logic for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00387-00084512-00084671 instance or any deductive implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00388-00084672-00084806 would have this property
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00389-00084807-00085167 in which from this local version of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00390-00085168-00085375 quantum position he could derive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00391-00085376-00085687 pseudoscores so the logic would not be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00392-00085688-00085982 para consistent at least for negated
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00393-00085983-00086135 formulas
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00394-00086136-00086279 okay so it wouldn't be boldly power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00395-00086280-00086550 consistent that we say it nowadays
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00396-00086551-00086743 okay so uh you might be willing to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00397-00086744-00087023 abandon reflexivity or cut or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00398-00087024-00087215 some of the rules for implication i will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00399-00087216-00087359 do nothing like that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00400-00087360-00087599 in this talk i will actually abandon
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00401-00087600-00087662 this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00402-00087663-00087823 local version of quantum position which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00403-00087824-00087991 because we don't need it we need
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00404-00087992-00088038 something
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00405-00088039-00088382 else which is this for having
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00406-00088383-00088575 congruentiality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00407-00088576-00088775 now let me give you an example of how we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00408-00088776-00088943 can easily attain
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00409-00088944-00089279 this uh this goal uh one way is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00410-00089280-00089511 like this uh imagine that we were to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00411-00089512-00089623 define the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00412-00089624-00089943 negation in model terms by saying that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00413-00089944-00090255 the negation this is a smiling negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00414-00090256-00090582 a very happy one uh is satisfied in a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00415-00090583-00090647 world
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00416-00090648-00090991 acts of a model m if and only if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00417-00090992-00091343 there is some world accessible to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00418-00091344-00091718 x such that in that world
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00419-00091719-00092023 phi is false so if there is some
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00420-00092024-00092318 possible situation some accessible world
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00421-00092319-00092391 in which phi
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00422-00092392-00092615 is false you might have seen something
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00423-00092616-00092799 similar to that or duel to that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00424-00092800-00092967 in nutritionistic logic for instance but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00425-00092968-00093255 let's consider this for the moment
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00426-00093256-00093511 okay now imagine that we were to define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00427-00093512-00093591 using this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00428-00093592-00093999 uh smile this negation uh the formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00429-00094000-00094255 that i call bottom as being the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00430-00094256-00094343 of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00431-00094344-00094694 p implies p well in that case you will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00432-00094695-00094855 be able to prove semantical and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00433-00094856-00095023 symmetrical terms that this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00434-00095024-00095255 formula actually behaves like the bottom
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00435-00095256-00095406 in classical logic so it actually
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00436-00095407-00095550 deserves that name
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00437-00095551-00095743 and you could from that bottom define a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00438-00095744-00095879 classical negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00439-00095880-00096031 from that class conjugation you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00440-00096032-00096206 define a box
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00441-00096207-00096431 using the combination of two negations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00442-00096432-00096550 you can then define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00443-00096551-00096774 a diamond which are not just any box and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00444-00096775-00096879 any diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00445-00096880-00097191 these are precisely urinary connectives
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00446-00097192-00097271 that behave
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00447-00097272-00097550 in this interpretation as the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00448-00097551-00097726 interpretation of box and diamond in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00449-00097727-00097991 normal modal logic and you can define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00450-00097992-00098294 another negation that i call here frown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00451-00098295-00098526 there is sad negation which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00452-00098527-00098823 intuitionistic like or power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00453-00098824-00099038 and i can define other things like the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00454-00099039-00099182 consistency operator
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00455-00099183-00099399 which will appear later on in this talk
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00456-00099400-00099638 very briefly okay
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00457-00099639-00099806 now uh one thing that i wanted to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00458-00099807-00099950 mention about this is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00459-00099951-00100150 it's easy to prove in this case if you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00460-00100151-00100382 give this definitions from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00461-00100383-00100679 this smile and this classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00462-00100680-00100767 implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00463-00100768-00101015 that the logic that we define here are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00464-00101016-00101094 reversing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00465-00101095-00101303 with respect to any of the negations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00466-00101304-00101479 that i put here classical power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00467-00101480-00101671 consistent power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00468-00101672-00101974 and indeed this negation the smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00469-00101975-00102191 is power consistent and this negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00470-00102192-00102326 the dime the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00471-00102327-00102663 frown is power complete now uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00472-00102664-00102863 the other thing you might consider is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00473-00102864-00103047 what happens then if i want to recover
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00474-00103048-00103206 normal modal logics well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00475-00103207-00103406 actually this box and this diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00476-00103407-00103599 behaves as they should and as i said
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00477-00103600-00103886 you can recover normal modal logics and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00478-00103888-00104047 the converse is also the case as i will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00479-00104048-00104190 mention later on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00480-00104191-00104390 you can prove that these negations and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00481-00104391-00104558 all the connectives in this logic are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00482-00104559-00104694 congruential so they
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00483-00104695-00104902 have all the right to be called model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00484-00104903-00105063 and because of this last
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00485-00105064-00105223 thing here they have also the right of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00486-00105224-00105415 the code of called
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00487-00105416-00105815 logics of formal inconsistency
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00488-00105816-00106134 okay now let me consider uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00489-00106135-00106431 what happens if we don't have that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00490-00106432-00106623 implication to start with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00491-00106624-00106766 okay because this was the main thing i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00492-00106767-00106951 started from it and a smile and i did
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00493-00106952-00107063 everything out of it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00494-00107064-00107351 so let's see first of all let's let's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00495-00107352-00107534 show the easy solution
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00496-00107535-00107883 in terms of a classical implication now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00497-00107883-00108023 um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00498-00108024-00108319 where i to exomatize the usual normal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00499-00108320-00108415 modal logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00500-00108416-00108607 i have heard in a previous talk today
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00501-00108608-00108831 that modal logic is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00502-00108832-00109063 usually classical i want to claim that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00503-00109064-00109158 it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00504-00109159-00109351 this is just as true as saying that it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00505-00109352-00109551 usually power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00506-00109552-00109847 or always power consistent if you want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00507-00109848-00109990 at least in the case of normal modal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00508-00109991-00110095 objects and how can i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00509-00110096-00110423 show that well imagine i were to take uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00510-00110424-00110807 this single axiom that i call
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00511-00110808-00111127 k it's a form of de morgan rule on top
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00512-00111128-00111175 of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00513-00111176-00111447 positive classical logic and add these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00514-00111448-00111678 two rules
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00515-00111679-00111999 uh to obtain something that behaves the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00516-00112000-00112302 way i want as a congressional uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00517-00112303-00112743 smile now in that case um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00518-00112744-00113047 i can go a little bit further and claim
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00519-00113048-00113086 that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00520-00113088-00113447 the logic uh k that i just exomatized
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00521-00113448-00113495 here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00522-00113496-00113839 is just another version of the usual
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00523-00113840-00113966 normal modal logic k
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00524-00113967-00114271 in a different signature and that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00525-00114272-00114383 signature of course has
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00526-00114383-00114583 conjunction disjunction implication and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00527-00114583-00114710 the smile but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00528-00114711-00115023 doesn't have the the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00529-00115024-00115223 from classical logic doesn't have a box
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00530-00115224-00115351 doesn't have a diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00531-00115352-00115463 because as i showed before in the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00532-00115464-00115743 previous slide these can all be defined
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00533-00115744-00115910 now if i want to go a little bit further
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00534-00115911-00116078 and look at other
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00535-00116079-00116334 normal modal logics i can consider
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00536-00116335-00116527 adding further axioms like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00537-00116528-00116854 a or not a which happens to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00538-00116855-00117183 impose impose reflexivity in our
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00539-00117183-00117439 frames or add double negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00540-00117440-00117678 elimination which is connected to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00541-00117679-00118015 symmetry of our frames and many other
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00542-00118016-00118215 properties can be captured by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00543-00118216-00118590 writing some formulas about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00544-00118591-00118990 negation either the smile or the frown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00545-00118991-00119271 or both together now what i'm saying
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00546-00119272-00119358 here is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00547-00119359-00119647 uh you could do this or you could do the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00548-00119648-00119727 opposite
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00549-00119728-00120023 so you could start from the normal model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00550-00120024-00120183 language and define this language that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00551-00120183-00120343 are just presented here but also
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00552-00120344-00120566 you could start from my language and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00553-00120567-00120854 define the normal model language
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00554-00120855-00121102 okay so let's look at this from a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00555-00121103-00121223 semantical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00556-00121224-00121534 viewpoint
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00557-00121535-00121783 i want to consider a language which has
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00558-00121783-00121958 just what i need and as you have seen i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00559-00121959-00122047 just need
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00560-00122048-00122358 implication and the smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00561-00122359-00122575 implication is defined here locally as
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00562-00122576-00122678 the classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00563-00122679-00122999 implication in a world w and the smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00564-00123000-00123199 as we have seen before uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00565-00123200-00123534 asks us to look at some world in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00566-00123535-00123854 the formula is false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00567-00123855-00124183 okay um i claimed that we could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00568-00124183-00124454 recover uh the class conjugation and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00569-00124455-00124686 this is a way you could do that directly
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00570-00124688-00124958 this formula will always behave as a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00571-00124959-00125095 classical negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00572-00125096-00125399 uh given the above definitions and this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00573-00125400-00125566 formula will always behave
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00574-00125567-00125934 like a box so now if you were to start
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00575-00125935-00125983 from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00576-00125983-00126351 negation and box how could you define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00577-00126352-00126671 that smile well that's very simple the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00578-00126672-00126790 smile can be taken
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00579-00126791-00127095 as being the negation of the box which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00580-00127096-00127166 is what you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00581-00127167-00127399 probably already read from its
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00582-00127400-00127502 interpretation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00583-00127503-00127823 it says that it's not true that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00584-00127824-00128127 this will always be be the case so there
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00585-00128128-00128199 is some world
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00586-00128200-00128343 in the future in which this formula will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00587-00128344-00128639 not be the case so it's the negation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00588-00128640-00129031 a box now if you can define one language
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00589-00129032-00129247 from the other we could also rewrite the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00590-00129248-00129439 history and say that normal modal logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00591-00129440-00129639 has always been about the study of power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00592-00129640-00129751 consistency
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00593-00129752-00129999 and that just by chance people got
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00594-00130000-00130119 charmed by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00595-00130120-00130390 boxes and diamonds but they could have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00596-00130391-00130463 all the way
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00597-00130464-00130783 have studied the language containing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00598-00130783-00130910 these connectives that i have here in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00599-00130911-00131166 particular to contain just a classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00600-00131167-00131239 implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00601-00131240-00131559 and power consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00602-00131560-00131823 now as i said this is a bit too easy
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00603-00131824-00131878 because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00604-00131879-00132039 classical negation is there what if you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00605-00132040-00132231 want to do it intuitionistically they
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00606-00132232-00132319 will have to change
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00607-00132320-00132559 things right now one thing i wanted to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00608-00132560-00132671 mention is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00609-00132672-00132823 there are some interesting connections
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00610-00132824-00133039 that are reasonable to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00611-00133040-00133287 expect for instance that classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00612-00133288-00133407 negation is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00613-00133408-00133695 stronger than power consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00614-00133696-00133799 in the sense that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00615-00133800-00134063 from a negated formula for a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00616-00134064-00134159 consistently
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00617-00134160-00134375 negated formula you wouldn't always be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00618-00134376-00134551 able to conclude that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00619-00134552-00134943 the formula is classically false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00620-00134944-00135214 and uh as i said i want to consider the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00621-00135215-00135351 situation in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00622-00135352-00135575 i don't have an implication so from now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00623-00135576-00135799 on in this talk you will see that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00624-00135800-00135983 i want to consider the language in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00625-00135984-00136199 probably all of us will agree
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00626-00136200-00136407 in the interpretations on conjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00627-00136408-00136527 disjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00628-00136528-00136727 top bottom the language of distributive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00629-00136728-00136854 lattices
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00630-00136855-00136999 with their classical interpretations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00631-00137000-00137135 which is the same as their intuitionist
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00632-00137136-00137447 interpretations by the way
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00633-00137448-00137671 okay so let's see how far we can go but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00634-00137672-00137814 for that first i want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00635-00137815-00138119 study what it means to call a connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00636-00138120-00138239 a unary connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00637-00138240-00138439 negation now we could start from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00638-00138440-00138671 classical negation and say well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00639-00138672-00138983 uh classical negation uh is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00640-00138984-00139311 this thing over here but we have also
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00641-00139312-00139431 other options of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00642-00139432-00139790 unary connectives in classical logic and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00643-00139791-00140054 it's easy to see that because this is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00644-00140055-00140183 too valued
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00645-00140184-00140399 that whenever two formulas are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00646-00140400-00140502 equivalent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00647-00140503-00140823 and you apply any of these four unary
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00648-00140824-00141151 operators they're still equivalent so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00649-00141152-00141359 all of them are congruential with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00650-00141360-00141463 respect to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00651-00141464-00141783 classical notion of equivalence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00652-00141784-00141943 now what else can you say well some of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00653-00141944-00142119 them uh preserve
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00654-00142120-00142390 uh the direction of consequence so if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00655-00142391-00142543 beta follows from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00656-00142544-00142943 alpha then the connective applied to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00657-00142944-00143159 beta follows from the connective applied
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00658-00143160-00143359 to alpha
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00659-00143360-00143654 now this is the case for all the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00660-00143655-00143743 connectives here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00661-00143744-00144175 but negation and what about the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00662-00144176-00144326 reversal which was the thing i was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00663-00144327-00144487 interested the thing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00664-00144488-00144807 in which you change positions better
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00665-00144808-00144878 follows from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00666-00144879-00145223 alpha and then you apply a connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00667-00145224-00145431 to alpha and it follows from that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00668-00145432-00145599 connective applied to better well in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00669-00145600-00145678 that case
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00670-00145679-00145943 all the the operators here would uh have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00671-00145944-00146095 that property of reversal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00672-00146096-00146439 except for the affirmation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00673-00146440-00146839 or identity connective if you prefer
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00674-00146840-00147031 okay and how do they interact with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00675-00147032-00147223 conjunction and disjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00676-00147224-00147487 in a very simple way uh imagine you're
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00677-00147488-00147654 talking about preservation you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00678-00147655-00147799 things like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00679-00147800-00148278 right here uh alpha conjunction beta
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00680-00148279-00148614 then alpha like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00681-00148615-00148902 conjunction elimination from conjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00682-00148903-00149126 elimination
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00683-00149127-00149383 put here in this position you would be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00684-00149384-00149478 able to conclude
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00685-00149479-00149887 that a connective applied to conjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00686-00149888-00150207 of a and b has that connective applied
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00687-00150208-00150375 to alpha which is what i wrote
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00688-00150376-00150751 here well this case
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00689-00150752-00151023 now this is obvious if you want to keep
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00690-00151024-00151271 conjunction elimination you will have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00691-00151272-00151566 this interaction in between the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00692-00151567-00151671 preservation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00693-00151672-00151935 connectives and conjunction and if you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00694-00151936-00151983 want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00695-00151984-00152463 to have on the other hand
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00696-00152464-00152702 if you want to study reversal then if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00697-00152703-00152790 you have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00698-00152791-00153031 disjunction introduction then you will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00699-00153032-00153111 have things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00700-00153112-00153447 like this always being
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00701-00153448-00153814 the case okay so um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00702-00153815-00154119 these two interactions here are always
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00703-00154120-00154263 to be expected
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00704-00154264-00154719 when anything is preserving
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00705-00154720-00155054 truth from left to right uh and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00706-00155055-00155407 these two are to be expected when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00707-00155408-00155654 when you are reversing the direction of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00708-00155655-00155775 truth
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00709-00155776-00156047 okay so this is very simple it at least
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00710-00156048-00156190 if you do want to have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00711-00156191-00156359 anything that looks like a classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00712-00156360-00156559 conjunction and a classical disjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00713-00156560-00156623 in the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00714-00156624-00156854 language now let me just repeat this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00715-00156855-00156951 here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00716-00156952-00157047 these are the things that were in the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00717-00157048-00157359 previous slide now i want to study in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00718-00157360-00157487 general what would it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00719-00157488-00157702 mean to call something a box and a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00720-00157703-00157839 diamond and i'm still
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00721-00157840-00158102 thinking about the usual boxes and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00722-00158103-00158207 diamonds
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00723-00158208-00158502 now uh one might consider rev the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00724-00158503-00158583 converse
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00725-00158584-00158887 of these two um principles and that's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00726-00158888-00158999 what i write here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00727-00159000-00159407 now in case you do have these two things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00728-00159408-00159590 so not only you have what you had before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00729-00159591-00159759 that you always have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00730-00159760-00160039 but you also have the converse then i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00731-00160040-00160231 will say that this is a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00732-00160232-00160678 box plus connective and in case you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00733-00160679-00161083 the other one here i will say that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00734-00161084-00161319 have when you have these two principles
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00735-00161320-00161454 that you have a box
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00736-00161455-00161807 oh sorry a diamond plus connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00737-00161808-00162007 now if you have more than i said you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00738-00162008-00162247 would consider also top and bottom so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00739-00162248-00162519 if you have a top and you also have this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00740-00162520-00162599 then i will say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00741-00162600-00162902 that it's a full box plus and if you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00742-00162903-00163087 have a bottom and you have this you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00743-00163088-00163183 a full
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00744-00163184-00163414 diamond plus now i'm not interested in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00745-00163415-00163551 boxes and diamonds but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00746-00163552-00163823 if you know them you will certainly
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00747-00163824-00163959 recognize that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00748-00163960-00164166 box in normal modal logic has these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00749-00164167-00164351 properties
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00750-00164352-00164566 if you put it in the place of the plus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00751-00164567-00164783 and you will recognize that the diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00752-00164784-00165038 in model logic has these properties if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00753-00165039-00165190 you put it in the place of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00754-00165191-00165511 plus now let's look at what happens with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00755-00165512-00165551 the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00756-00165552-00165807 minus because i want reversal so this is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00757-00165808-00165983 what i had in the previous slide
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00758-00165984-00166214 and this is what i'm trying to add so i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00759-00166215-00166431 had some demorgan rules and now i'm now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00760-00166432-00166551 considering
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00761-00166552-00166863 the converse of the same rules now i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00762-00166864-00167126 will say that whenever i have these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00763-00167127-00167454 things in here i have a box minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00764-00167455-00167695 unary connective and whenever i have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00765-00167696-00167847 these things in here i have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00766-00167848-00168102 diamond minus connected now you might
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00767-00168103-00168287 say that you have never seen a box minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00768-00168288-00168463 or a diamond minus well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00769-00168464-00168638 i claim you have at least seen a box
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00770-00168639-00168799 minus if you have studied nutritionistic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00771-00168800-00168926 logic but okay
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00772-00168927-00169175 let's just go uh dualizing the previous
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00773-00169176-00169375 definition see how far we can go
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00774-00169376-00169726 now this uh further uh sequence here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00775-00169727-00169999 or consecution here is to say that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00776-00170000-00170119 negation of a bottom
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00777-00170120-00170414 is actually a theorem and this one is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00778-00170415-00170559 saying that the negation of a top is an
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00779-00170560-00170638 entire theorem
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00780-00170639-00170823 whenever you have all this i will say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00781-00170824-00171078 that it's a full box minus and whenever
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00782-00171079-00171175 you have all this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00783-00171176-00171607 is a full diamond minus connected
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00784-00171608-00171847 okay uh you might say that there is no
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00785-00171848-00171975 um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00786-00171976-00172223 no reason for me to believe that this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00787-00172224-00172390 minus is a negation just because i call
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00788-00172391-00172478 it a minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00789-00172479-00172775 well here is a there are some um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00790-00172776-00172951 criteria for recognizing something that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00791-00172952-00173135 deserves the name of negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00792-00173136-00173326 and i might just give a particular case
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00793-00173327-00173526 here which is i want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00794-00173527-00173943 in general to be able uh to get
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00795-00173944-00174166 uh formula p to be true and its negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00796-00174167-00174278 to be false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00797-00174279-00174478 and here this is saying that i want at
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00798-00174479-00174783 least to have a case in which a formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00799-00174784-00175087 p is false and its negation is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00800-00175088-00175326 true okay so this is the kind of things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00801-00175327-00175495 you would be looking for if you want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00802-00175496-00175702 call something a negation i won't dwell
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00803-00175703-00175790 too much on this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00804-00175791-00175990 but i will use it later on to say that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00805-00175991-00176126 the thing that i'm presenting to you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00806-00176127-00176526 deserves the name of negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00807-00176527-00176854 okay so uh very briefly to put all this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00808-00176855-00176999 together and to see how they
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00809-00177000-00177183 interact imagine we had class
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00810-00177184-00177390 conjugation around we had box plus we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00811-00177391-00177463 had
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00812-00177464-00177814 uh uh diamond plus box minus nine minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00813-00177815-00178054 then we would be able to uh to prove
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00814-00178055-00178231 these equivalences that i wrote here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00815-00178232-00178590 which are what you would probably expect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00816-00178591-00178775 these uh representing the duality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00817-00178776-00178935 between box and diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00818-00178936-00179254 both at the plus and at the minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00819-00179255-00179559 versions of box and diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00820-00179560-00179735 and you can put all these together in a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00821-00179736-00179919 single diagram and uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00822-00179920-00180190 and study the the relations in between
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00823-00180191-00180231 these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00824-00180232-00180614 uh these connectives and and contrarity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00825-00180615-00180878 contradictory uh duality relations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00826-00180879-00181078 subcontrary to relations between these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00827-00181079-00181319 connectives so you see here that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00828-00181320-00181454 that our
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00829-00181455-00181871 uh smile is here and our frown is here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00830-00181872-00182231 and box and diamonds are here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00831-00182232-00182543 okay
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00832-00182544-00182814 now i want to uh say a little bit more
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00833-00182815-00182959 about the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00834-00182960-00183151 known classical behavior very briefly i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00835-00183152-00183326 can come back to this later on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00836-00183327-00183551 and what else we could add to the to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00837-00183552-00183638 language
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00838-00183639-00183871 uh if we had these two properties here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00839-00183872-00183966 of what i call
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00840-00183967-00184190 explosion and implosion for a given
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00841-00184191-00184351 unary connective then you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00842-00184352-00184471 have the right of calling this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00843-00184472-00184631 connective class conjugation because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00844-00184632-00184751 this is enough for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00845-00184752-00184935 characterizing class conjugation but in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00846-00184936-00185102 case the first property
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00847-00185103-00185366 fails you say that the negation is power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00848-00185367-00185487 consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00849-00185488-00185743 uh and in case the other one fails uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00850-00185744-00185926 the comma there is red as a disjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00851-00185927-00185999 if you prefer
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00852-00186000-00186287 or a multiple conclusion version you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00853-00186288-00186454 have the right of calling the logic bar
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00854-00186455-00186854 complete now in case the logic is power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00855-00186855-00187047 consistent you might still want it to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00856-00187048-00187254 be able to recover classical reasoning
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00857-00187255-00187359 so you might be able
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00858-00187360-00187647 you might be wanting to in case you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00859-00187648-00187823 a contradiction and you know
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00860-00187824-00188038 that this formula behaves consistently
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00861-00188039-00188311 that anything follows
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00862-00188312-00188511 and uh you might want to add other
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00863-00188512-00188711 things like um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00864-00188712-00189014 you not only want the the formula to uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00865-00189015-00189407 to be to be inconsistent when the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00866-00189408-00189750 when it when p naught and not p is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00867-00189751-00189950 simultaneously true but you also want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00868-00189951-00190199 the converts you want also to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00869-00190200-00190343 for it to be consistent when this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00870-00190344-00190502 doesn't happen for in that case you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00871-00190503-00190623 would add uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00872-00190624-00191047 other things like this to other um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00873-00191048-00191335 as i said the disjunctions uh to uh our
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00874-00191336-00191463 your consequence relation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00875-00191464-00191607 so this is an abstract art
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00876-00191608-00191766 characterization what i call a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00877-00191767-00192047 classic like consistency connective and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00878-00192048-00192150 the one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00879-00192151-00192502 down here is a characterization of its
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00880-00192503-00192699 dual the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00881-00192700-00192999 undeterminateness connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00882-00193000-00193199 now what you can do with it we can go
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00883-00193200-00193326 into it but i think it's not what you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00884-00193327-00193399 expect me to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00885-00193400-00193638 be doing here so i just uh briefly
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00886-00193639-00193783 mentioned that they are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00887-00193784-00194135 some way of recovering by internalizing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00888-00194136-00194350 uh the uh properties of those
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00889-00194351-00194526 connectives in in classical logic so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00890-00194527-00194726 recovering normal behavior if you want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00891-00194727-00194878 to call this normality
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00892-00194879-00195031 it's similar to what happens in hybrid
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00893-00195032-00195214 logics when you add things to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00894-00195215-00195390 language so that you're able to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00895-00195391-00195650 express an important properties say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00896-00195651-00195854 satisfiability
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00897-00195855-00196047 which is so important to modal logic and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00898-00196048-00196423 the language so you extend it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00899-00196424-00196743 okay so um let me talk about the modal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00900-00196744-00196863 semantics then
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00901-00196864-00197078 now i gave you a completely abstract
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00902-00197079-00197214 characterization of what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00903-00197215-00197431 is a negative modality and i want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00904-00197432-00197638 give you examples of negative modalities
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00905-00197639-00197847 so this definition you have seen before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00906-00197848-00197966 it's the definition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00907-00197967-00198326 of uh the smile that i have used
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00908-00198327-00198590 before and i have mentioned that it was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00909-00198591-00198711 a power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00910-00198712-00199054 negation in normal model logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00911-00199055-00199375 if they're non-degenerate and uh this is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00912-00199376-00199590 the dual if you want you just look here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00913-00199591-00199638 and say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00914-00199639-00199895 well the negation the frown negation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00915-00199896-00199950 phi
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00916-00199951-00200271 is true at a world when every world in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00917-00200272-00200566 the future every world accessible to it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00918-00200567-00200854 has this formula false which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00919-00200855-00201054 precisely the interpretation of negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00920-00201055-00201238 in intuitionistic logic this is the same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00921-00201239-00201278 as
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00922-00201279-00201719 what i wrote up here now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00923-00201720-00201975 as i said it's easy to prove that if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00924-00201976-00202095 we're not talking about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00925-00202096-00202438 uh uh thinly disguised versions of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00926-00202439-00202583 classical logic and normal modal logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00927-00202584-00202678 so known that gen
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00928-00202679-00202999 they generate modal logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00929-00203000-00203231 these negations will be um the smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00930-00203232-00203407 will be power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00931-00203408-00203726 and moreover it will be a diamond minus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00932-00203727-00203990 a full type diamond minus connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00933-00203991-00204183 while the frown will be uh power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00934-00204184-00204311 complete but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00935-00204312-00204687 also actually an example of a food
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00936-00204688-00204862 box minus connective according to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00937-00204863-00205014 definition the abstract definition that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00938-00205015-00205190 i gave before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00939-00205191-00205414 and you can also define the adjustment
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00940-00205415-00205494 connectives
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00941-00205496-00205655 that i mentioned in the previous slide
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00942-00205656-00205814 the consistency connective the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00943-00205815-00205998 determinants or undeterminedness
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00944-00206000-00206119 connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00945-00206119-00206431 and they will capture uh what you need
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00946-00206432-00206662 to say that this is an example of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00947-00206663-00206806 abstract definitions from the previous
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00948-00206807-00206927 slide
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00949-00206928-00207103 and they are pretty useful as we will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00950-00207104-00207319 see
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00951-00207319-00207566 okay so let's see i'm going with time
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00952-00207567-00207671 that's fine
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00953-00207671-00207910 so let me let me just mention one more
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00954-00207911-00208103 thing about classical negation and how
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00955-00208104-00208158 it would
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00956-00208159-00208479 uh interact with this um in the model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00957-00208480-00208734 environment with these other negations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00958-00208735-00208879 well you would expect last communication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00959-00208880-00208966 to have this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00960-00208967-00209255 local character in a world w the formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00961-00209256-00209446 negate the negative formula is true if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00962-00209448-00209623 and only if in that very world
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00963-00209623-00209879 the formula with authentication is false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00964-00209880-00210063 and it's useful to think of class
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00965-00210064-00210223 conjugation as you see
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00966-00210223-00210471 it still that has two parts one part is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00967-00210471-00210687 a small and one part is a frown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00968-00210688-00211039 so it's like if you uh force things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00969-00211040-00211463 to behave in such a way that they were
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00970-00211464-00211734 nicely behaved in in in terms of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00971-00211735-00211910 implosion and nicely behaved in terms of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00972-00211911-00211975 explosion
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00973-00211976-00212279 it's actually classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00974-00212280-00212494 um and some interesting things that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00975-00212496-00212606 can write then
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00976-00212607-00212910 is and i wrote before where this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00977-00212911-00213223 duality uh things about the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00978-00213223-00213527 box minus and diamond minus but also
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00979-00213528-00213758 you can use if in the language you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00980-00213759-00213879 a classical negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00981-00213880-00214142 you can use it to do some other kinds of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00982-00214144-00214319 dualities like the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00983-00214319-00214479 power complete negation of the class
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00984-00214480-00214679 conjugation is equivalent to the class
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00985-00214680-00214831 conjugation of the power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00986-00214832-00214903 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00987-00214904-00215206 and so on and as i said before you might
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00988-00215207-00215446 expect these things uh to hold you might
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00989-00215448-00215542 expect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00990-00215544-00215758 a power complete negation a constructive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00991-00215759-00215879 negation if you want
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00992-00215880-00216063 to be stronger than class congregation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00993-00216064-00216263 and apparent consistent negation to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00994-00216264-00216487 weaker so you might expect this to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00995-00216488-00216655 the case and the converses of these two
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00996-00216656-00216791 consequences to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00997-00216792-00217182 fail now what i want to consider as i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00998-00217183-00217342 said it's not the situation in which you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-00999-00217344-00217494 have everything available and you have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01000-00217496-00217694 classical implication and so on so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01001-00217696-00217839 the language that i will consider from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01002-00217840-00218023 now on has
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01003-00218023-00218342 this classical connectives has
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01004-00218344-00218679 the two negative modalities that i have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01005-00218680-00218767 introduced and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01006-00218767-00219087 also has these two uh adjustment
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01007-00219088-00219158 connectives
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01008-00219159-00219415 but doesn't have classical negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01009-00219416-00219519 doesn't have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01010-00219519-00219719 classical implication let's see what we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01011-00219719-00219927 can do with it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01012-00219928-00220158 okay um i presented already some hubert
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01013-00220159-00220327 calculi i didn't claim that it were
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01014-00220328-00220479 interesting at all but i said i could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01015-00220480-00220655 capture this logic pk with an
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01016-00220656-00220751 implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01017-00220752-00220934 uh with a hubert calculus i want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01018-00220935-00221094 present a more interesting one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01019-00221096-00221391 uh calculus now uh for us to study uh in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01020-00221392-00221494 terms of uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01021-00221496-00221782 a sequent presentation now we can go
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01022-00221783-00222039 very briefly into this because these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01023-00222040-00222255 things here are all what you would
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01024-00222256-00222375 expect from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01025-00222376-00222598 um sequent calculus for the positive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01026-00222600-00222823 fragment of classical logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01027-00222823-00223006 these two rules here are interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01028-00223007-00223239 they are rules for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01029-00223240-00223479 the smile and the frown and as you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01030-00223480-00223655 see they have two interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01031-00223656-00223935 properties they have first
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01032-00223936-00224046 [Music]
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01033-00224048-00224358 you have only one side the uh smile can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01034-00224359-00224534 only allow you to take things from the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01035-00224535-00224687 left to the right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01036-00224688-00224919 while the frown takes things from the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01037-00224919-00225046 right or sorry
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01038-00225048-00225294 from the right to the left while the the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01039-00225296-00225463 frown takes things from the left
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01040-00225464-00225687 to the right but the other interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01041-00225688-00225791 property is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01042-00225792-00225991 not only these formulas which are the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01043-00225992-00226167 the main formulas change
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01044-00226167-00226591 sides but also the sequent contexts
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01045-00226592-00226846 also change site and they also get a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01046-00226848-00226998 negation in front of them
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01047-00227000-00227287 each formula inside the context is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01048-00227288-00227487 negated
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01049-00227488-00227679 and these two other rules here they are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01050-00227680-00227942 not anomalous at all they're just rules
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01051-00227944-00228151 to say that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01052-00228152-00228446 this adjustment connectors behave uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01053-00228448-00228534 classically
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01054-00228535-00228758 they make absolutely no sense if the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01055-00228759-00228910 logic is consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01056-00228911-00229279 because if it's consistent uh this uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01057-00229280-00229471 smile with the ball here behaves like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01058-00229471-00229631 top and if the logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01059-00229632-00229975 is complete or determined this guy here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01060-00229976-00230263 the smile with the frown behaves like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01061-00230264-00230303 the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01062-00230304-00230615 bottom so these are only interesting if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01063-00230616-00230806 you're studying logics which are not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01064-00230807-00231158 classical now one thing i wanted to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01065-00231159-00231398 to say is that uh by writing things uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01066-00231400-00231463 this way
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01067-00231464-00231679 you can use and very interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01068-00231680-00231855 technology that that has been developed
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01069-00231856-00231991 by uh odila
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01070-00231992-00232310 and anand avron uh in which they look at
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01071-00232311-00232487 this kind of sequence and they can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01072-00232488-00232806 extract a semantics directly from that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01073-00232807-00232967 formulation and prove some interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01074-00232967-00233063 properties about it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01075-00233064-00233375 so let me show how to do it so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01076-00233376-00233551 uh for instance uh if you think about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01077-00233552-00233703 the rules for a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01078-00233704-00234079 conjunction on the left and on the right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01079-00234080-00234271 they can be described by cutting them in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01080-00234271-00234487 two parts the first part is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01081-00234488-00234791 says what happens with the main sequence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01082-00234792-00234863 which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01083-00234864-00235198 this part formula and the other formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01084-00235200-00235310 and the conjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01085-00235311-00235519 and the other is says what happens with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01086-00235519-00235703 the context sequence which is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01087-00235704-00235982 gammas and the deltas the side formulas
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01088-00235983-00236079 of this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01089-00236080-00236310 and the way that you describe this if we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01090-00236311-00236398 had time to go
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01091-00236400-00236703 very uh briefly through this is that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01092-00236704-00236751 write
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01093-00236752-00237023 like this you say p1 and p2 in the place
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01094-00237023-00237079 of phi
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01095-00237080-00237406 and psi on the left of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01096-00237407-00237598 of the sequence symbol and then you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01097-00237600-00237863 write p1 conjunction p2
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01098-00237864-00238151 as the output on the left of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01099-00238152-00238294 sequence symbol
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01100-00238296-00238510 and so on but there is one thing new
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01101-00238511-00238703 here is that besides this you write the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01102-00238704-00238775 context
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01103-00238776-00238982 and the context can also be described
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01104-00238983-00239175 the context says that well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01105-00239176-00239558 gamma on the left gamma on the left
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01106-00239559-00239887 becomes gamma on the left
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01107-00239888-00240206 and the same thought for delta on the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01108-00240207-00240527 right delta on the right becomes delta
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01109-00240528-00240846 on the right okay i'm just going through
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01110-00240848-00240998 this because i want to say that there
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01111-00241000-00241294 is a machine that will run on top of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01112-00241296-00241494 this and that will allow me to extract
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01113-00241496-00241591 the semantics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01114-00241592-00241710 the only difference that you see for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01115-00241711-00241894 instance when you have a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01116-00241896-00242206 a rule like the rule for smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01117-00242207-00242575 is that the context will be also putting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01118-00242576-00242879 uh connectives so the gamma on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01119-00242880-00243223 the left the gamma on the left
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01120-00243223-00243527 will become a negated gamma
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01121-00243528-00243791 on the right a negated gamma on the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01122-00243792-00243863 right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01123-00243864-00244094 so you can pretty much describe this in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01124-00244096-00244223 a way that actually
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01125-00244223-00244471 has been used to implement this in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01126-00244471-00244542 software
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01127-00244544-00244846 very very simply but i want to to say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01128-00244848-00244887 that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01129-00244888-00245142 this has a connection to semantics so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01130-00245144-00245230 one thing that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01131-00245231-00245446 that has been discovered is that when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01132-00245448-00245591 you write things like this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01133-00245592-00245903 you can uh directly from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01134-00245904-00246206 that expression induce appropriate
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01135-00246207-00246351 semantic conditions
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01136-00246352-00246703 so uh the the rule for uh smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01137-00246704-00247006 on the left for instance induces this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01138-00247007-00247103 condition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01139-00247104-00247279 we don't need to read it now what's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01140-00247280-00247439 important is that this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01141-00247440-00247710 somehow magically happens and the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01142-00247711-00247806 context pi
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01143-00247807-00248223 one induces this condition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01144-00248223-00248423 also semantic condition and it's very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01145-00248423-00248558 very easy to see that these two
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01146-00248559-00248742 conditions together give us precisely
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01147-00248744-00248879 the semantics of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01148-00248880-00249191 the smile from the side so this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01149-00249192-00249542 is a way that we might be used to claim
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01150-00249544-00249782 that we are capturing smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01151-00249783-00250167 by way of um of sequent uh calculus
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01152-00250167-00250263 rules
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01153-00250264-00250606 actually in this case just one rule
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01154-00250607-00250887 okay now let me put this uh here for us
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01155-00250888-00250991 to rewrite it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01156-00250992-00251215 a little bit uh it's easier for me
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01157-00251216-00251375 instead of writing that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01158-00251376-00251791 not phi is satisfied in a world w of a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01159-00251792-00251879 model m
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01160-00251880-00252094 just to say that assume we know what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01161-00252096-00252198 model m we're talking
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01162-00252200-00252558 about i'll write this phi is true
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01163-00252559-00252879 in the world v so i would say this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01164-00252880-00253223 to say that there is a valuation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01165-00253223-00253455 that takes that world takes that formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01166-00253456-00253615 and says that it's true there fully
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01167-00253616-00253775 deterministic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01168-00253776-00253975 and similarly i'll introduce this to say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01169-00253976-00254127 that it's false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01170-00254128-00254406 at that world w you see this will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01171-00254407-00254558 useful for me to express
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01172-00254559-00254719 uh what's going to happen in the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01173-00254719-00254919 following four proving cut
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01174-00254919-00255255 admissibility so um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01175-00255256-00255430 first of all let me let me say that what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01176-00255431-00255567 happens when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01177-00255567-00255767 we want to prove soundness and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01178-00255767-00255903 completeness so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01179-00255904-00256191 uh two useful definitions uh here are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01180-00256192-00256310 the definition of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01181-00256311-00256487 differentiated model and a strengthened
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01182-00256488-00256655 model you don't need to read what's in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01183-00256656-00256806 here a differentiate model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01184-00256807-00257094 is basically just a model in which there
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01185-00257096-00257134 are no
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01186-00257135-00257679 redundant world if the worlds
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01187-00257680-00257991 agree with respect to satisfaction of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01188-00257992-00258182 the formulas and known satisfaction of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01189-00258183-00258303 the formulas
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01190-00258304-00258455 there is a single world that does that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01191-00258456-00258671 there is no uh no redundancy no
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01192-00258671-00258871 copies of a given world and the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01193-00258871-00259063 strengthened uh thing here is just to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01194-00259064-00259271 say that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01195-00259271-00259463 to guarantee that all accessibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01196-00259464-00259646 conditions that you need to build the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01197-00259648-00259871 canonical model will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01198-00259871-00260119 guaranteed to be present in the uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01199-00260119-00260198 definition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01200-00260200-00260527 of the accessibility relation okay now
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01201-00260528-00260719 this is the theorem for soundness and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01202-00260719-00260846 completeness of course uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01203-00260848-00261198 for soundness you want uh a class of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01204-00261200-00261398 pretty models that satisfies the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01205-00261400-00261623 appropriate semantic conditions
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01206-00261623-00262055 so that nothing goes already and for the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01207-00262056-00262175 completeness what we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01208-00262176-00262463 add is that the models at least the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01209-00262464-00262671 strength and differentiated models have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01210-00262672-00262751 to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01211-00262752-00263023 present in the uh class of models that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01212-00263024-00263206 you're building so any class of cryptic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01213-00263207-00263327 models that contains
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01214-00263328-00263630 all these beautiful models in here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01215-00263631-00263919 will and satisfy and our sound satisfy
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01216-00263920-00264071 the conditions the semantic conditions
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01217-00264072-00264191 that you expect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01218-00264192-00264543 will be uh complete for the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01219-00264544-00264806 for the the sequent calculus formulation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01220-00264807-00264999 that of this logic here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01221-00265000-00265151 there's a very general result that just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01222-00265152-00265406 helps us to build the canonical models
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01223-00265407-00265599 it's it's not the most difficult part of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01224-00265600-00265775 what we're going to show here so let me
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01225-00265776-00266119 show how i can use this for uh proving
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01226-00266120-00266206 other things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01227-00266207-00266430 so i want to show that these systems are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01228-00266431-00266639 actually quite interesting and i want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01229-00266640-00266863 first of all claim that i can prove uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01230-00266864-00266975 cut elimination
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01231-00266976-00267215 for um the system that i presented and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01232-00267216-00267406 all the ones that i will still present
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01233-00267407-00267606 though the strategy is is is quite
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01234-00267607-00267727 simple and it goes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01235-00267728-00267943 through a semantic proof of cut
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01236-00267944-00268047 elimination
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01237-00268048-00268375 uh first of all you uh you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01238-00268376-00268734 take out cut and as we know when we take
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01239-00268735-00268999 cut somehow forces the models to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01240-00269000-00269175 bivalent so when you take it out you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01241-00269176-00269310 would expect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01242-00269311-00269543 the possibility of a third uh value
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01243-00269544-00269655 appearing which is what's going to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01244-00269656-00269823 happen here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01245-00269824-00270151 and uh second um so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01246-00270152-00270279 let me just show the possibility here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01247-00270280-00270391 before i say the second so the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01248-00270392-00270551 possibility instead of saying that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01249-00270552-00270895 phi is satisfied of a world v
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01250-00270896-00271206 or phi is not satisfied of world v when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01251-00271207-00271358 the value is true
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01252-00271359-00271687 i say that this happens when true
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01253-00271688-00271999 is among the values that you can give
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01254-00272000-00272199 and i say that it's not satisfied when
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01255-00272200-00272367 false is among
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01256-00272368-00272606 the values that i can give to a formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01257-00272607-00272727 why do i say this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01258-00272728-00272847 well because the values that i'm giving
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01259-00272848-00273055 to the formulas now are either
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01260-00273056-00273391 only true only false or both true and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01261-00273392-00273558 false
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01262-00273559-00273775 three values right so the idea here is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01263-00273776-00273871 that uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01264-00273872-00274119 by adding this third value i'm making
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01265-00274120-00274258 these models
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01266-00274259-00274543 non-deterministic so a quasi-valuation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01267-00274544-00274630 for me here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01268-00274631-00274958 will be somehow choosing one of these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01269-00274959-00275151 two values to give to a formula and if i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01270-00275152-00275343 choose wisely perhaps i can make it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01271-00275344-00275671 deterministic as we will see so the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01272-00275672-00275791 second model uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01273-00275792-00276134 the second step uh that we need to prove
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01274-00276135-00276295 cut multination will be to prove
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01275-00276296-00276495 a result that depends on the following
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01276-00276496-00276630 depends on building what i call
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01277-00276631-00276943 an instance so uh if i have something
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01278-00276944-00277127 called a quad evaluation or a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01279-00277128-00277463 quasi model and i want to build a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01280-00277464-00277751 a counter model in the form of a quasim
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01281-00277752-00278006 also a counter quasi model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01282-00278007-00278343 so i will say that an instance of that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01283-00278344-00278447 model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01284-00278448-00278751 is any uh model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01285-00278752-00278999 not a not a quasi model any model that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01286-00279000-00279223 satisfies the same formulas
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01287-00279224-00279430 so this might not exist but if that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01288-00279431-00279687 exists this means that i can transform
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01289-00279688-00279847 a non-deterministic model into a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01290-00279848-00280082 deterministic one which might be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01291-00280083-00280367 interesting so the first theorem that we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01292-00280368-00280415 can prove
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01293-00280416-00280591 here about this logic uh that i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01294-00280592-00280727 presented is that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01295-00280728-00280967 uh quasi models have instances so you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01296-00280968-00281119 can always find
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01297-00281120-00281382 some model that satisfies the same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01298-00281383-00281471 formulas of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01299-00281472-00281719 a given quasi model but notice that this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01300-00281720-00281855 model that you're finding
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01301-00281856-00282030 might have a different accessibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01302-00282031-00282215 relation which complicates things later
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01303-00282216-00282375 on when you need these accessibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01304-00282376-00282495 relations for instance to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01305-00282496-00282679 symmetrical or reflexive and you might
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01306-00282680-00282839 not be able to guarantee it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01307-00282840-00282999 okay but for the moment i don't need any
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01308-00283000-00283151 property so there's nothing to guarantee
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01309-00283152-00283191 so it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01310-00283192-00283534 super simple okay so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01311-00283535-00283767 um how do we prove these two results i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01312-00283768-00283879 probably don't have time to go through
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01313-00283880-00284071 it it's very very simple so i'll just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01314-00284072-00284439 mention i won't write so first of all um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01315-00284440-00284695 i want to show that this logic pk enjoys
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01316-00284696-00284895 cut admissibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01317-00284896-00285215 and uh you do it by by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01318-00285216-00285430 contraposition as usual suppose that a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01319-00285431-00285575 sequence s
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01320-00285576-00285910 is not derivable without cut and then
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01321-00285911-00286127 prove that it's not derivable with cut
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01322-00286128-00286295 so if it is derivable with cut it's the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01323-00286296-00286391 ribbon without
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01324-00286392-00286606 that's what you want to show now if it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01325-00286607-00286743 not derivable without
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01326-00286744-00286903 cut and i have to hand wave here because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01327-00286904-00287087 i don't have time to write
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01328-00287088-00287558 it will have a counter quasi model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01329-00287559-00287775 because of completeness of these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01330-00287776-00287958 semantics these non-optimistic semantics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01331-00287959-00288175 that i present in the previous slide
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01332-00288176-00288423 now if it has a counter quasi model by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01333-00288424-00288647 the result that i just presented
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01334-00288648-00288919 it has an instance so it has a counter
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01335-00288920-00289063 model
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01336-00289064-00289254 and if it has a counter model by
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01337-00289255-00289543 soundness of the creepy models of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01338-00289544-00289751 the usual semantics the deterministic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01339-00289752-00289927 semantics that i had at the beginning
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01340-00289928-00290254 it's not derivable with cut
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01341-00290255-00290495 okay so uh this is a beautiful proof
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01342-00290496-00290567 that gives you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01343-00290568-00290903 no extra work and and via the semantics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01344-00290904-00291175 you can guarantee uh what you want but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01345-00291176-00291319 the problem is that it doesn't guarantee
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01346-00291320-00291543 that there is a decidability a procedure
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01347-00291544-00291695 associated to the logic because the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01348-00291696-00291871 rules are very weird
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01349-00291872-00292127 so we need to find some way of saying
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01350-00292128-00292295 that there is some notion of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01351-00292296-00292703 analyticity associated to that system
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01352-00292704-00292934 so we want uh the system to be such that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01353-00292935-00293039 when you apply
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01354-00293040-00293351 a rule if you go from the bottom from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01355-00293352-00293463 the root of the tree
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01356-00293464-00293654 up you only look at things which are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01357-00293655-00293895 simpler so the notion of simplicity is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01358-00293896-00294079 this one that i wrote here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01359-00294080-00294343 there will be a well-founded relation on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01360-00294344-00294503 top of the formulas which is not very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01361-00294504-00294654 important for us to define here but it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01362-00294655-00294791 can be defined
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01363-00294792-00294975 and you can say that some formulas are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01364-00294976-00295182 simpler than others
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01365-00295183-00295406 uh without them needing to be sub
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01366-00295407-00295519 formulas
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01367-00295520-00295727 so you have an extension of a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01368-00295728-00295847 generalized
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01369-00295848-00296206 notion of sub formula okay so uh the way
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01370-00296207-00296382 you prove that this logic is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01371-00296383-00296630 analytic according to this new measure
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01372-00296631-00296734 of complexity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01373-00296735-00296967 is just by looking at the rules that we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01374-00296968-00297287 have all the rules respect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01375-00297288-00297623 this in the sense that the input
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01376-00297624-00297887 sequence are simpler than the output
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01377-00297888-00298039 sequence according to this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01378-00298040-00298358 uh measure of complexity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01379-00298359-00298710 so except for cut all the rules
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01380-00298711-00298967 simplify when you go from the root of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01381-00298968-00299175 the tree to the leaves of the tree
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01382-00299176-00299327 and if we have just proved that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01383-00299328-00299503 don't need cut we're done
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01384-00299504-00299719 so we can also guarantee that there is a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01385-00299720-00299871 decidability procedure
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01386-00299872-00300015 associated to the logic there is a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01387-00300016-00300191 notion of analyticity associated to that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01388-00300192-00300399 logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01389-00300400-00300630 okay you can go further i'll just very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01390-00300631-00300734 briefly mention what you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01391-00300735-00300967 could do you could consider the class of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01392-00300968-00301087 serial frames
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01393-00301088-00301230 and for that class you would have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01394-00301231-00301430 something like the power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01395-00301431-00301519 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01396-00301520-00301775 uh implies the power consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01397-00301776-00302047 you can consider the reflexive models in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01398-00302048-00302103 which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01399-00302104-00302343 you would have that the power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01400-00302344-00302510 negation is explosive
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01401-00302511-00302679 and the power consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01402-00302680-00302895 respects excluded middle
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01403-00302896-00303199 you can have um total functional
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01404-00303200-00303358 frames in which the power consists
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01405-00303359-00303487 negation and the power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01406-00303488-00303543 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01407-00303544-00303847 are equivalent you can impose
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01408-00303848-00304015 symmetry on the frames in that case you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01409-00304016-00304182 would have double negation elimination
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01410-00304183-00304351 for the power consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01411-00304352-00304495 double negation introduction for the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01412-00304496-00304671 power complete negation and you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01413-00304672-00304847 capture all this using
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01414-00304848-00305063 uh sequence systems to which all the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01415-00305064-00305167 previous technology
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01416-00305168-00305367 applies just the way that i proved
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01417-00305368-00305479 before and in fact
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01418-00305480-00305799 all of them uh uh are amenable to um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01419-00305800-00306015 those pretty much the same proofs of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01420-00306016-00306143 good admissibility
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01421-00306144-00306334 and analyticity that represented before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01422-00306335-00306495 with some complications on the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01423-00306496-00306647 construction of the canonical models of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01424-00306648-00306791 course
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01425-00306792-00306958 because you might lose the properties
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01426-00306959-00307167 that you want but you can massage the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01427-00307168-00307230 models
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01428-00307231-00307543 so that they will be the way you want it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01429-00307544-00307671 has to be done one by one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01430-00307672-00307823 you cannot prove this in general for any
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01431-00307824-00308079 logic so we have proved for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01432-00308080-00308367 these logics at least which are uh well
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01433-00308368-00308439 known
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01434-00308440-00308734 and we could explore the properties of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01435-00308735-00308863 these logics which i'm not going to do
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01436-00308864-00308910 here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01437-00308911-00309127 but you could look at what kinds of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01438-00309128-00309310 control positions these logics have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01439-00309311-00309630 you could look at the um derivability
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01440-00309631-00309847 adjustments as i mentioned before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01441-00309848-00310063 and uh some basic constitutions in which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01442-00310064-00310206 uh when would you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01443-00310207-00310567 things like uh possibility of recovering
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01444-00310568-00310719 double negation elimination for a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01445-00310720-00310799 certain
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01446-00310800-00311015 connective by adding a certain
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01447-00311016-00311175 assumption here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01448-00311176-00311423 you could have lots of things about how
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01449-00311424-00311647 can you recover the morgan rules how can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01450-00311648-00311710 you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01451-00311711-00312054 recover uh by using say seriality or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01452-00312055-00312271 transitivity of the frames
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01453-00312272-00312439 you can study all this as a moodle
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01454-00312440-00312630 logician would um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01455-00312631-00312879 and you also have some interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01456-00312880-00312999 results about the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01457-00313000-00313151 the probability adjustment that didn't
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01458-00313152-00313279 say much but for instance if two
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01459-00313280-00313423 formulas are consistent their
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01460-00313424-00313582 conjunction is consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01461-00313583-00313758 if two formulas are consistent their
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01462-00313759-00314110 disjunction is consistent and so on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01463-00314111-00314263 okay and finally you can have some
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01464-00314264-00314415 interactions between negations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01465-00314416-00314687 uh like mixing negations you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01466-00314688-00314775 consider
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01467-00314776-00315030 uh the the power consistent negation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01468-00315031-00315175 the power complete negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01469-00315176-00315375 and see what happens you can adjust the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01470-00315376-00315510 result there are many things you can do
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01471-00315511-00315703 this is just calculating but it's a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01472-00315704-00315839 these are nice tables for you to have on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01473-00315840-00316039 your wall if you want to say let me look
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01474-00316040-00316223 for a logic that has this property oh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01475-00316224-00316430 it must be reflexive or it must be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01476-00316431-00316663 reflect serial and symmetric
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01477-00316664-00316991 great that's what i want okay so here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01478-00316992-00317143 are some further ones i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01479-00317144-00317358 will not talk about this the final slide
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01480-00317359-00317558 before the conclusion is this i wanted
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01481-00317559-00317903 i threw away class negation so it's only
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01482-00317904-00318079 fair that i look at the possibility of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01483-00318080-00318279 defining it in these logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01484-00318280-00318543 so if it's not a primitive connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01485-00318544-00318695 perhaps it can be defined for instance
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01486-00318696-00318839 you might be able to set
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01487-00318840-00319158 the negation of a formula as this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01488-00319159-00319423 thing here using the language of power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01489-00319424-00319527 complete negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01490-00319528-00319727 and its adjustment connective and in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01491-00319728-00319943 that case you can prove that the logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01492-00319944-00320239 the the logic with the reflexive frames
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01493-00320240-00320503 but without these connectives can define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01494-00320504-00320703 a negation that behaves classically and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01495-00320704-00320967 the same a similar thing for this logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01496-00320968-00321127 without these connectives can also
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01497-00321128-00321343 define the logic with seriality the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01498-00321344-00321487 logic with functionality they all can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01499-00321488-00321663 define class conjugation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01500-00321664-00321799 what's more interesting perhaps is to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01501-00321800-00322015 show that some logics cannot define they
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01502-00322016-00322167 can have all the nice properties that i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01503-00322168-00322327 mentioned before but still
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01504-00322328-00322487 you might be unable to define a class
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01505-00322488-00322654 conjugation and the way you prove that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01506-00322655-00322743 is simple
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01507-00322744-00323039 uh by contradiction you assume uh and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01508-00323040-00323175 you do an instruction structural
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01509-00323176-00323319 induction on the formulas you assume
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01510-00323320-00323487 that you're able to define
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01511-00323488-00323782 and you look for all the formulas that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01512-00323783-00324079 would express the class conjugation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01513-00324080-00324415 an atom p and you show that if
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01514-00324416-00324654 where such formulas to exist you would
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01515-00324655-00324775 get a contradiction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01516-00324776-00324967 so you can prove that all these logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01517-00324968-00325095 here in particular the first one that i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01518-00325096-00325279 presented in more detail here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01519-00325280-00325647 uh do not have a classical negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01520-00325648-00326030 definable inside of them
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01521-00326031-00326295 okay so to leave you some time for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01522-00326296-00326406 questions i'm just uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01523-00326407-00326639 we'll conclude by saying further
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01524-00326640-00326823 directions we could um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01525-00326824-00327079 ride into uh of course we could study
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01526-00327080-00327206 all the classes of frames i mentioned
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01527-00327207-00327343 only only some but you might be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01528-00327344-00327534 interested in studying uh church russell
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01529-00327535-00327671 properties in general because most of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01530-00327672-00327823 the problems that i said before
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01531-00327824-00328110 are particular cases of of the diamond
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01532-00328111-00328254 property
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01533-00328255-00328478 and um it can be internalized in that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01534-00328479-00328558 language that i've
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01535-00328559-00328775 mentioned before by adding this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01536-00328776-00328919 interaction in between the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01537-00328920-00329103 power consistent double power consist
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01538-00329104-00329254 negation and double power complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01539-00329255-00329358 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01540-00329359-00329575 uh you might want to have transitivity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01541-00329576-00329695 to have something like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01542-00329696-00329951 s4 but in that case you would have even
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01543-00329952-00330127 if the logic is not power consistent you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01544-00330128-00330254 would have that the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01545-00330255-00330671 negation of a formula when negated
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01546-00330672-00330991 itself would explode so it would have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01547-00330992-00331254 a partial explosion you might want it or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01548-00331255-00331358 not but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01549-00331359-00331551 again you have things like this in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01550-00331552-00331678 intuitionistic logic we add more
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01551-00331679-00331799 negations and things start
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01552-00331800-00332063 behaving classically and similarly for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01553-00332064-00332175 the if you want to have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01554-00332176-00332447 something like s5 and you want euclidean
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01555-00332448-00332647 frames you you will have to add
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01556-00332648-00332927 the explosive character of the power
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01557-00332928-00332999 complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01558-00333000-00333399 negation of the now uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01559-00333400-00333558 just to mention two further directions
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01560-00333559-00333743 of course when you're doing modal logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01561-00333744-00333863 you might want to consider
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01562-00333864-00334023 interactions between different boxes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01563-00334024-00334175 different diamonds because now we have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01564-00334176-00334319 the possibility of doing that and we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01565-00334320-00334391 have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01566-00334392-00334615 boxes which are positive and those which
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01567-00334616-00334767 are negative and we have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01568-00334768-00335047 sinful diamonds so you might want to see
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01569-00335048-00335206 what happens if you add
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01570-00335207-00335358 for instance modalities that look
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01571-00335359-00335551 forward together with modalities that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01572-00335552-00335623 look
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01573-00335624-00335887 backward like in temporal logic and in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01574-00335888-00336063 that case you will have many
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01575-00336064-00336223 mixed constitutions that you will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01576-00336224-00336367 able to prove and some that you will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01577-00336368-00336478 able to recover
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01578-00336479-00336734 if you add further uh properties of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01579-00336735-00336878 frames
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01580-00336879-00337063 and finally just to mention uh which i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01581-00337064-00337254 find this extremely interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01582-00337255-00337582 uh and and i see it in some of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01583-00337583-00337695 results
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01584-00337696-00337982 being worked by by colleagues over there
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01585-00337983-00338119 that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01586-00338120-00338423 i show the factory of looking at sequent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01587-00338424-00338543 contexts
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01588-00338544-00338767 and on the top of negative modalities
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01589-00338768-00338854 producing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01590-00338855-00339023 interesting semantics what if we had
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01591-00339024-00339223 dual context what if we had
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01592-00339224-00339478 things which could allow us to reason on
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01593-00339479-00339671 top of negative judgments and we
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01594-00339672-00339919 could uh we're interested in doing um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01595-00339920-00339991 program
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01596-00339992-00340295 synthesis or uh looking at moral types
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01597-00340296-00340343 which are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01598-00340344-00340599 negative uh i claim that we have not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01599-00340600-00340806 been doing so much this because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01600-00340807-00341110 we often look at modal types from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01601-00341111-00341254 with the glasses of a nutritionistic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01602-00341255-00341495 logician and those people do not seem to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01603-00341496-00341654 believe in negation at all
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01604-00341655-00341839 negation is just a defined connective
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01605-00341840-00341999 that happened to be around because you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01606-00342000-00342023 have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01607-00342024-00342223 implication in bottom but if you take it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01608-00342224-00342358 seriously and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01609-00342359-00342599 uh having implication or not it might be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01610-00342600-00342830 worth considering what's the meaning of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01611-00342831-00343039 uh negation and of power consists in the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01612-00343040-00343158 power of complete negations from the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01613-00343159-00343295 point of view of things like
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01614-00343296-00343582 the curry howard correspondents and what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01615-00343583-00343647 we can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01616-00343648-00343839 do with it thank you very much for your
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01617-00343840-00344223 attention
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01618-00344224-00344482 thank you so much joel for this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01619-00344483-00344639 wonderful
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01620-00344640-00344919 talk thank you for showing us this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01621-00344920-00345127 alternative worlds
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01622-00345128-00345430 and for sure the the future work
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01623-00345431-00345743 is very interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01624-00345744-00346078 so please if someone has any comments or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01625-00346079-00346854 questions go ahead
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01626-00346855-00347287 i have a question
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01627-00347288-00347734 well i have a question about the uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01628-00347735-00348047 the commercial relation um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01629-00348048-00348334 do you know a national logic is not
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01630-00348335-00348439 congruent to cell
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01631-00348440-00348719 with a primitive implication but you can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01632-00348720-00348871 define a new implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01633-00348872-00349182 yes which you can apply a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01634-00349183-00349510 minimal tasking process yes and maybe
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01635-00349511-00349687 with this implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01636-00349688-00350015 the logic is congressional yes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01637-00350016-00350391 on the other hand autonomous seo here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01638-00350392-00350551 is not congressional but you cannot
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01639-00350552-00350751 define a new implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01640-00350752-00351047 your commercial designation can
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01641-00351048-00351134 recognize
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01642-00351135-00351463 this kind of this logic yes because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01643-00351464-00351647 the the definition of congruence that i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01644-00351648-00351830 have offered at the beginning it doesn't
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01645-00351831-00352134 even need an implication at all right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01646-00352135-00352382 remember it was just about the situation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01647-00352383-00352527 it's similar to the definition of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01648-00352528-00352743 congruence in algebra right it's the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01649-00352744-00353087 is the very notion of the equivalence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01650-00353088-00353151 being
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01651-00353152-00353382 compatible with the interpretation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01652-00353383-00353551 the connectives whatever the connectives
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01653-00353552-00353591 are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01654-00353592-00353751 so you don't need to have an implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01655-00353752-00353934 to define that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01656-00353935-00354182 relation you might say okay someone gave
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01657-00354183-00354319 me this relation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01658-00354320-00354623 uh given for instance by this uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01659-00354624-00354878 usual uh definition which is the the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01660-00354879-00354999 lindenbong
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01661-00355000-00355247 equivalence right uh and you say well i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01662-00355248-00355319 want to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01663-00355320-00355454 study congruence on top of that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01664-00355455-00355630 equivalence so if someone else gives you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01665-00355631-00355767 another equivalence
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01666-00355768-00356047 defined by magic defined like in nelson
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01667-00356048-00356223 logic by considering the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01668-00356224-00356478 of a formula also and not just the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01669-00356479-00356615 equivalence between the formula and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01670-00356616-00356719 another formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01671-00356720-00356967 then you can restart and ask the same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01672-00356968-00357215 okay according to that notion uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01673-00357216-00357415 is it enough to guarantee the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01674-00357416-00357647 compatibility condition that we need for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01675-00357648-00357975 for congressionality so um i think the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01676-00357976-00358110 same applies
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01677-00358111-00358447 uh it's not a guarantee that you will be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01678-00358448-00358606 able to find
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01679-00358607-00358878 uh model semantics in the in the sense
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01680-00358879-00359030 that i presented here because
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01681-00359031-00359310 it's defined in terms of the neutral
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01682-00359311-00359463 negation in that it is strong negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01683-00359464-00359695 and that negation might not have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01684-00359696-00359878 depending on the algebra you're working
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01685-00359879-00360119 with the properties that you need
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01686-00360120-00360439 but in case it has and it often has
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01687-00360440-00360606 then you would be able to start with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01688-00360607-00360799 this new
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01689-00360800-00361047 this new equivalence relation so i just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01690-00361048-00361215 took the simplest one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01691-00361216-00361358 but i'm not saying that you couldn't do
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01692-00361359-00361567 the same work with another one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01693-00361568-00361767 i think you can it's just that you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01694-00361768-00361919 to adapt a lot of things that represent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01695-00361920-00362071 here before and perhaps you wouldn't be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01696-00362072-00362230 able to recover as i said
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01697-00362231-00362406 all normal motor lodges but you would
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01698-00362407-00362663 perhaps be able to recover a lot of them
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01699-00362664-00362903 uh all those from the nelson family to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01700-00362904-00363487 start with
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01701-00363488-00363958 thanks for the question
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01702-00363959-00364415 yes thank you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01703-00364416-00364710 thank you all for the very nice talk of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01704-00364711-00364871 course i have a lot of questions but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01705-00364872-00364927 here i'm
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01706-00364928-00365271 only going to ask one or two things
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01707-00365272-00365606 uh first if you can say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01708-00365607-00365934 something about uh what kind of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01709-00365935-00366263 equivalence we have with the this smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01710-00366264-00366423 from logics with the classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01711-00366424-00366591 monologues i mean
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01712-00366592-00366758 did we preserve can you preserve the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01713-00366759-00367063 structure of the proofs or it's just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01714-00367064-00367406 an equivalence at another level
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01715-00367407-00367599 well you have you have this which is in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01716-00367600-00367830 this light you have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01717-00367831-00368134 that whatever you do with the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01718-00368135-00368423 of box i don't know why it's not work
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01719-00368424-00368558 yeah whatever you do with the negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01720-00368559-00368767 of box normal logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01721-00368768-00368975 uh you are already automatically doing
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01722-00368976-00369230 with a smile
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01723-00369231-00369519 so uh you can preserve the structure of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01724-00369520-00369567 any
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01725-00369568-00369910 uh proof that you do on the negation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01726-00369911-00370230 box right and if you have the the the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01727-00370231-00370310 other one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01728-00370311-00370815 the other one would be this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01729-00370816-00371023 this one is the smile and this one is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01730-00371024-00371158 the frown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01731-00371159-00371567 so the frown uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01732-00371568-00371727 if you're talking about intuitionistic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01733-00371728-00371895 logics you you don't even need to change
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01734-00371896-00372078 anything because interpretation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01735-00372079-00372271 negation into intuitionistic logic is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01736-00372272-00372415 precisely
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01737-00372416-00372630 the one given by the interpretation of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01738-00372631-00372902 this on top of a formula
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01739-00372903-00373134 right so everything is preserved in that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01740-00373135-00373278 case because everything is already
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01741-00373279-00373334 thought
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01742-00373335-00373639 in a sense as being just that
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01743-00373640-00373999 so this negation the frown is just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01744-00374000-00374327 intuitionistic negation uh but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01745-00374328-00374487 recall that industrialistic negation is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01746-00374488-00374710 defined usually using implication
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01747-00374711-00374871 and i'm taking this to be primitive to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01748-00374872-00375063 be uh present even
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01749-00375064-00375319 if implication is not there if position
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01750-00375320-00375423 is there is too easy
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01751-00375424-00375606 but if it's not there you can still talk
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01752-00375607-00375791 about heredity
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01753-00375792-00375999 uh preservation you can still talk about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01754-00376000-00376110 all the things you're talking in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01755-00376111-00376271 intuitionistic models
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01756-00376272-00376447 they were not very important in this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01757-00376448-00376654 talk precisely because i had no
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01758-00376655-00376823 implication i had just the language of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01759-00376824-00376975 distributive lattices
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01760-00376976-00377127 and in that language it makes no
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01761-00377128-00377310 difference if i'm talking about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01762-00377311-00377678 uh conjunction in or disjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01763-00377679-00377863 in classicological or intuitionistic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01764-00377864-00378310 logic everything's just the same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01765-00378311-00378575 the fragments are are identical right
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01766-00378576-00378695 the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01767-00378696-00378927 the in this language with conjunction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01768-00378928-00379095 this junction top and bottom i could be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01769-00379096-00379223 talking about classical logic or
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01770-00379224-00379406 intuitionistic logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01771-00379407-00379927 it's the same thanks
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01772-00379928-00380247 the other was some i was thinking all
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01773-00380248-00380295 these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01774-00380296-00380630 uh studies of negation and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01775-00380631-00380895 and the sequence calculator generally
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01776-00380896-00381023 the adoptive systems
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01777-00381024-00381382 i wonder if if there are some work
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01778-00381383-00381727 of you are aware of uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01779-00381728-00382015 that uses refutation systems instead of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01780-00382016-00382175 deduction systems
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01781-00382176-00382551 because i think it would be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01782-00382552-00382934 it has to to have some advantage to use
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01783-00382935-00383334 justification system yeah um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01784-00383335-00383551 well two things um because i have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01785-00383552-00383839 extended the language to have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01786-00383840-00384143 both negations in the same language so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01787-00384144-00384423 i can't see much of an advantage of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01788-00384424-00384478 going
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01789-00384479-00384630 towards one direction or the other
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01790-00384631-00384871 because i made things very symmetrical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01791-00384872-00384991 so that if you move
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01792-00384992-00385382 into the into the refutation systems you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01793-00385383-00385447 will just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01794-00385448-00385687 basically reformulate what you have here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01795-00385688-00385854 on the known refutational side but what
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01796-00385855-00385910 you say is
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01797-00385911-00386030 is very interesting from the point of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01798-00386031-00386199 view of a language containing only one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01799-00386200-00386310 of these connectives
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01800-00386311-00386510 for instance containing only cl only the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01801-00386511-00386630 power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01802-00386631-00387015 negation why not study uh refutation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01803-00387016-00387175 systems for languages
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01804-00387176-00387463 uh uh for power consistent logics i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01805-00387464-00387599 think very few people have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01806-00387600-00387854 thought about that um i have done a
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01807-00387855-00388071 little bit of work in that direction
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01808-00388072-00388319 but i haven't worked with a proof
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01809-00388320-00388439 systems for those
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01810-00388440-00388582 logics and i haven't seen what happens
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01811-00388583-00388799 if i want to if i were to adapt
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01812-00388800-00389015 the technology that i presented here for
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01813-00389016-00389158 the proof systems
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01814-00389159-00389406 in that perspective i think it would be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01815-00389407-00389510 smooth
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01816-00389511-00389758 but we need to do it right to see to see
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01817-00389759-00389927 if everything runs
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01818-00389928-00390215 fine as we expect but i think it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01819-00390216-00390343 really interesting to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01820-00390344-00390654 to um to do that to move from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01821-00390655-00390867 assertion note to gravitational systems
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01822-00390868-00390999 particularly
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01823-00391000-00391295 when the language is biased towards one
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01824-00391296-00391415 of the fragments
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01825-00391416-00392095 here containing only smile or only frown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01826-00392096-00392254 let me just mention this for instance in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01827-00392255-00392439 nutritionistic logic people say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01828-00392440-00392623 uh people look at the assertional aspect
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01829-00392624-00392767 and say oh it's so different from
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01830-00392768-00392958 classical logic there's some classical
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01831-00392959-00393102 theorems that which are not valid
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01832-00393103-00393295 intuitionistic logic then i say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01833-00393296-00393527 look if you were to be worried only
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01834-00393528-00393710 about refutations it would say that it's
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01835-00393711-00393887 the same logic as classical logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01836-00393888-00394087 because it has the same anti-theorems
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01837-00394088-00394271 see so for intuitionistic logic you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01838-00394272-00394399 wouldn't want to move to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01839-00394400-00394558 gravitational systems but for the park
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01840-00394559-00394719 consistent watches you should
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01841-00394720-00395047 nobody's doing it let's do it yeah of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01842-00395048-00395199 course
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01843-00395200-00395599 thanks of course i i i have also
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01844-00395600-00395815 remarks and questions about your very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01845-00395816-00396110 last observation with dual context but
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01846-00396111-00396454 we need a long tank we have a project
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01847-00396455-00396654 yeah we have a project let's work on it
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01848-00396655-00396823 thanks thank you very much for the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01849-00396824-00397054 questions
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01850-00397055-00397551 okay the last one from eberrardo please
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01851-00397552-00397878 thank you very i think it's it's very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01852-00397879-00398023 interesting
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01853-00398024-00398415 this comparison
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01854-00398416-00398663 between the these are a complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01855-00398664-00398743 negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01856-00398744-00399182 and consistent negation with respect to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01857-00399183-00399519 the diamond and the box operators
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01858-00399520-00399758 and at the end of your talk you you you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01859-00399759-00399951 mentioned something about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01860-00399952-00400287 converse modalities yes and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01861-00400288-00400647 i was wondering if on is extensions of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01862-00400648-00400854 small connectives what would be the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01863-00400855-00401039 intuition of these
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01864-00401040-00401406 converse negations uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01865-00401407-00401791 are completed consistent negations
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01866-00401792-00402054 and in general what will be the the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01867-00402055-00402182 intuition
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01868-00402183-00402719 with respect to multimodalities
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01869-00402720-00403158 furthermore if there are some some
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01870-00403159-00403826 investigations regarding
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01871-00403827-00404143 [Music]
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01872-00404144-00404263 thank you very much there's more than
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01873-00404264-00404510 one question i'll try to recall so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01874-00404511-00404847 you tell me if i didn't um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01875-00404848-00405182 first of all the the interest of looking
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01876-00405183-00405343 at this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01877-00405344-00405630 converse modalities is proportional to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01878-00405631-00405791 your understanding or to our
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01879-00405792-00405871 understanding
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01880-00405872-00406199 of what the usual modalities are so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01881-00406200-00406510 if we have a good uh say computational
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01882-00406511-00406710 interpretation for instance for the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01883-00406711-00407030 uh para consistent negation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01884-00407031-00407487 using this uh idea of looking towards
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01885-00407488-00407758 understanding it as as a a modal type
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01886-00407759-00407919 negative modal type
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01887-00407920-00408351 then you could say well um
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01888-00408352-00408543 in just the same way as in temporal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01889-00408544-00408719 logic you would be interested
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01890-00408720-00409047 in moving in your graph towards the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01891-00409048-00409102 future
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01892-00409103-00409351 and the past now we would be interested
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01893-00409352-00409487 in towards
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01894-00409488-00409782 alternative futures in which things are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01895-00409783-00409959 different than what they are are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01896-00409960-00410182 because of the negation things are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01897-00410183-00410303 inverted
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01898-00410304-00410478 and looking at alternative paths in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01899-00410479-00410639 which things were different
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01900-00410639-00410918 from what they actually were by using
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01901-00410919-00411087 negation right so instead of just
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01902-00411088-00411422 moving in the graph you have an extra
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01903-00411423-00411591 judgment that you can do you can you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01904-00411592-00411766 move in the graph
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01905-00411767-00412103 and you go from assertion to refutation
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01906-00412104-00412382 or from refutation to assertion okay so
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01907-00412383-00412470 this would be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01908-00412471-00412695 uh if you have a good a good
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01909-00412696-00412870 understanding of what's the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01910-00412871-00413207 meaning of asserting and refuting uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01911-00413208-00413687 in your in your approach to logic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01912-00413688-00414014 if you have that previously then it will
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01913-00414015-00414278 uh feed your understanding it will help
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01914-00414279-00414422 in your understanding of what happens
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01915-00414423-00414559 when you add
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01916-00414560-00414743 this the converse modality which looks
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01917-00414743-00414870 to the past instead of looking to the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01918-00414871-00414951 future
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01919-00414952-00415207 okay so there are studies about about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01920-00415208-00415303 intuitionistic
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01921-00415304-00415607 uh negation and the backward looking
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01922-00415608-00415726 intuitionistic negation there are
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01923-00415727-00415878 studies about this in the literature and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01924-00415879-00416070 this would be uh for instance one of the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01925-00416071-00416247 directions in which you could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01926-00416247-00416543 uh you could uh look at the very same
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01927-00416543-00416774 work that i'm presenting here
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01928-00416775-00417078 and the other question that you made was
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01929-00417079-00417255 about
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01930-00417256-00417414 let's say a word so that i can remember
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01931-00417415-00417703 what was at the end
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01932-00417704-00417910 what's about dominance about nominals
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01933-00417912-00418014 yes uh the
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01934-00418015-00418207 the work that i that i know that have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01935-00418208-00418414 been done about nominals
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01936-00418415-00418630 on top of power consistent by complete
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01937-00418631-00418734 logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01938-00418735-00418982 was in hybridizing power consistent
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01939-00418983-00419078 logics
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01940-00419079-00419351 by manuel martins and jana costa in
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01941-00419352-00419463 portugal
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01942-00419464-00419799 and they have applied this to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01943-00419800-00420079 medical databases actually so there
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01944-00420080-00420270 there is some work not much that i'm
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01945-00420271-00420359 aware of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01946-00420360-00420687 and even applications of this so i could
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01947-00420688-00420814 direct you to this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01948-00420815-00421087 if you just send me a message uh but i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01949-00421088-00421118 think
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01950-00421119-00421407 more can be done because as i have shown
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01951-00421408-00421599 here for instance we can internalize
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01952-00421600-00421799 other important properties related to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01953-00421800-00421999 negation they might also have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01954-00422000-00422351 a an impact on our understanding
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01955-00422352-00422670 of what we can do with these languages
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01956-00422671-00422918 and what we can apply these languages to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01957-00422919-00423183 in databases or anything else
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01958-00423184-00423414 okay so this was a very abstract uh
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01959-00423415-00423527 presentation without
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01960-00423528-00423903 aiming to uh to justify it in terms of
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01961-00423904-00424022 applications but i think
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01962-00424023-00424455 um that can that that's that's to be
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01963-00424456-00424951 expected and that will come
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01964-00424952-00425279 we should look at it yes
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01965-00425280-00425683 thank you it's very interesting thank
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01966-00425684-00425831 you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01967-00425832-00426070 thanks for the questions and thanks
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01968-00426071-00426422 again joao for this
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01969-00426423-00426599 thank you very much let me just say
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01970-00426600-00426743 because i'm the last speaker that i
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01971-00426743-00426831 wanted to
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01972-00426832-00427135 everybody to um raise their hands and
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01973-00427135-00427310 say that we were very happy that you
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01974-00427312-00427518 have organized this and have
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01975-00427519-00427783 uh made us be in the same room even
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01976-00427784-00427983 though we are so far away i was very
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01977-00427984-00428031 happy
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01978-00428032-00428375 and delighted to participate and please
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01979-00428376-00428718 uh um please promise me that next time
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01980-00428719-00428863 we will be together
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01981-00428864-00429199 if you can end
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01982-00429200-00429447 all this pandemia and let us be together
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01983-00429447-00429622 again
O9nsZxcyQ5g-01984-00429623-00430208 of course you are yes now these
O9QIXf9gfmg-00000-00000000-00000311 wondering how plasterboard is produced
O9QIXf9gfmg-00001-00000312-00000676 wondering how a wet drywall is dried but
O9QIXf9gfmg-00002-00000677-00000958 to know the process this and plan of the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00003-00000959-00001223 production line if you're considering
O9QIXf9gfmg-00004-00001224-00001523 buying a travel production line do you
O9QIXf9gfmg-00005-00001524-00001745 know how big a building will be to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00006-00001746-00002014 accommodate it or how much production
O9QIXf9gfmg-00007-00002016-00002339 and should you equip your existing plant
O9QIXf9gfmg-00008-00002340-00002626 with to learn more about the drywall
O9QIXf9gfmg-00009-00002627-00002908 production line please watch this video
O9QIXf9gfmg-00010-00002909-00003166 till the end in the video we will
O9QIXf9gfmg-00011-00003167-00003383 discuss everything about the core
O9QIXf9gfmg-00012-00003384-00003670 process of the gypsum board production
O9QIXf9gfmg-00013-00003671-00004036 line and more first let's take a look at
O9QIXf9gfmg-00014-00004037-00004327 the main raw material of chips and board
O9QIXf9gfmg-00015-00004328-00004672 semi water building gypsum powder the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00016-00004673-00004936 so-called hemihydrate gypsum is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00017-00004937-00005285 dehydrated by the hydrate gypsum we lose
O9QIXf9gfmg-00018-00005286-00005597 two-thirds of our water molecules to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00019-00005598-00005879 form hemi-hydrate gypsum with half the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00020-00005880-00006193 water molecules the method of obtaining
O9QIXf9gfmg-00021-00006194-00006503 hemihydrate gypsum is from natural
O9QIXf9gfmg-00022-00006504-00006856 gypsum ore first crushed into blocks
O9QIXf9gfmg-00023-00006858-00007206 with the diameter of 20 to 25
O9QIXf9gfmg-00024-00007208-00007570 centimeters then Grant to 100 mesh
O9QIXf9gfmg-00025-00007572-00007859 powder after the boiling furnace drying
O9QIXf9gfmg-00026-00007859-00008201 water semi-water Jeep Sun powder is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00027-00008202-00008489 formed combined with local conditions
O9QIXf9gfmg-00028-00008490-00008783 these sulfurization gypsum from power
O9QIXf9gfmg-00029-00008784-00009083 plants or phosphor gypsum from phosphate
O9QIXf9gfmg-00030-00009084-00009391 fertilizer plants can also be used
O9QIXf9gfmg-00031-00009392-00009659 hemi-hydrate gypsum can be obtained
O9QIXf9gfmg-00032-00009660-00009928 after the two kinds of chips and powder
O9QIXf9gfmg-00033-00009929-00010199 are dried in a boiling furnace can be
O9QIXf9gfmg-00034-00010200-00010492 used as raw material for chips and board
O9QIXf9gfmg-00035-00010493-00010817 the heating fluids in the gypsum board
O9QIXf9gfmg-00036-00010818-00011110 production line should be selected from
O9QIXf9gfmg-00037-00011111-00011381 the local market low price short
O9QIXf9gfmg-00038-00011382-00011705 distance convenient transportation is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00039-00011706-00012035 the First Choice you can choose cold let
O9QIXf9gfmg-00040-00012036-00012383 your guess be so loyal or heavy oil for
O9QIXf9gfmg-00041-00012384-00012767 heating and drying among them cold heavy
O9QIXf9gfmg-00042-00012768-00013079 oil usually equipped with boiler use
O9QIXf9gfmg-00043-00013080-00013421 natural gas diesel equipped with hot
O9QIXf9gfmg-00044-00013422-00013715 blasted obvious drying is the core
O9QIXf9gfmg-00045-00013716-00013925 process of the chips and board
O9QIXf9gfmg-00046-00013926-00014188 production line it is the key to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00047-00014190-00014458 determine the quality of chips and board
O9QIXf9gfmg-00048-00014459-00014794 the common process type is heat transfer
O9QIXf9gfmg-00049-00014795-00015107 oil first heat the heat to ends for a
O9QIXf9gfmg-00050-00015108-00015388 while in the pipeline the air from the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00051-00015390-00015653 dryer is further heated by the heat
O9QIXf9gfmg-00052-00015654-00016001 exchanger to dry the chips on board at
O9QIXf9gfmg-00053-00016002-00016283 present the production line with large
O9QIXf9gfmg-00054-00016284-00016583 output values hot air furnace to dry
O9QIXf9gfmg-00055-00016584-00016877 after heating the clean air through the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00056-00016878-00017213 heat exchanger to form hot air then the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00057-00017214-00017543 hot air actually enters each area of the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00058-00017544-00017867 dryer to dry the chips on board which is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00059-00017868-00018155 clean and hygiene unique you can also
O9QIXf9gfmg-00060-00018156-00018436 choose former direct combustion drying
O9QIXf9gfmg-00061-00018437-00018785 this is a new drying method the hot area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00062-00018786-00019108 of the burner is directly added to the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00063-00019109-00019414 circulating air the temperature is high
O9QIXf9gfmg-00064-00019415-00019763 the efficiency is Fast and the product
O9QIXf9gfmg-00065-00019764-00020183 is good but it costs a little fuel next
O9QIXf9gfmg-00066-00020184-00020447 comes the most frequently asked
O9QIXf9gfmg-00067-00020448-00020771 questions regarding the floor area of
O9QIXf9gfmg-00068-00020772-00021094 the production line how much Workshop is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00069-00021095-00021341 needed to accommodate this production
O9QIXf9gfmg-00070-00021342-00021641 line the gypsum board production line
O9QIXf9gfmg-00071-00021642-00021930 has a very long initial setting system
O9QIXf9gfmg-00072-00021931-00022241 therefore the area of the workshop is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00073-00022242-00022528 also determined by the initial setting
O9QIXf9gfmg-00074-00022529-00022769 system suppose you need a production
O9QIXf9gfmg-00075-00022770-00023122 line with an annual output of 10 million
O9QIXf9gfmg-00076-00023123-00023350 million square meters now let's
O9QIXf9gfmg-00077-00023351-00023699 calculate his footprint donated to 10
O9QIXf9gfmg-00078-00023700-00023975 million output the initial setting time
O9QIXf9gfmg-00079-00023976-00024407 of chips and powder is 4.5 minutes and
O9QIXf9gfmg-00080-00024408-00024785 the width of gypsum board is 1.2 meters
O9QIXf9gfmg-00081-00024786-00025097 our purpose is to calculate the initial
O9QIXf9gfmg-00082-00025098-00025408 setting distance now we have the initial
O9QIXf9gfmg-00083-00025409-00025702 setting time so the initial setting
O9QIXf9gfmg-00084-00025704-00026020 speed is also needed the annual output
O9QIXf9gfmg-00085-00026022-00026455 of the Milli square meters divided by 7
O9QIXf9gfmg-00086-00026456-00026962 200 hours divided by 60 Minutes is the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00087-00026963-00027281 output per minute it is approximately
O9QIXf9gfmg-00088-00027282-00027707 equal to 23 square meters which is the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00089-00027708-00028096 area divided by the width of 1.2 meters
O9QIXf9gfmg-00090-00028097-00028420 which is approximately equal to the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00091-00028422-00028805 length of 20 meters per minute 20 meters
O9QIXf9gfmg-00092-00028806-00029218 multiplied by 4.5 minutes equals 90
O9QIXf9gfmg-00093-00029219-00029507 meters which is the length of the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00094-00029508-00029807 initial setting system in addition to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00095-00029808-00030149 the front end paper forming system 15 to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00096-00030150-00030473 20 meters and the rear end of the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00097-00030474-00030802 acceleration driver system 15 to 20
O9QIXf9gfmg-00098-00030804-00031127 meters the total length of the obtained
O9QIXf9gfmg-00099-00031127-00031440 gypsum board production and is about
O9QIXf9gfmg-00100-00031441-00031895 120 to 130 meters through the above
O9QIXf9gfmg-00101-00031895-00032183 calculation the length of the drying
O9QIXf9gfmg-00102-00032183-00032512 system can also be obtained the initial
O9QIXf9gfmg-00103-00032513-00032801 setting speed is 20 meters per minute
O9QIXf9gfmg-00104-00032802-00033167 and the fixed time required for gypsum
O9QIXf9gfmg-00105-00033168-00033545 board drying is 45 minutes the length of
O9QIXf9gfmg-00106-00033546-00033851 the dryer can be calculated 10 million
O9QIXf9gfmg-00107-00033852-00034252 annual output is usually 8 layers so the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00108-00034253-00034535 speed of the dryer is calculated as
O9QIXf9gfmg-00109-00034536-00034877 follows 20 meters per minute divided by
O9QIXf9gfmg-00110-00034878-00035201 8 layers divided by 2 after whichever's
O9QIXf9gfmg-00111-00035202-00035483 distribution two chips and Boards enter
O9QIXf9gfmg-00112-00035484-00035809 the dryer at the same time is equal to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00113-00035810-00036202 1.25 meters per minute so the speed of
O9QIXf9gfmg-00114-00036203-00036640 the dryer is 1.25 meters per minute the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00115-00036641-00037001 drying time is 45 minutes and the length
O9QIXf9gfmg-00116-00037002-00037301 of the dryer is approximately equal to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00117-00037302-00037649 60 meters based on the above two
O9QIXf9gfmg-00118-00037650-00037949 questions we can clearly calculate the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00119-00037950-00038237 floor space required for the chips on
O9QIXf9gfmg-00120-00038238-00038473 board production line of course
O9QIXf9gfmg-00121-00038474-00038759 according to the output of the
O9QIXf9gfmg-00122-00038760-00039052 production line the space required for
O9QIXf9gfmg-00123-00039053-00039280 the production and is also different
O9QIXf9gfmg-00124-00039281-00039611 remove the raw materials the site
O9QIXf9gfmg-00125-00039612-00039862 required for the stacking of finished
O9QIXf9gfmg-00126-00039863-00040205 products the stacking set is determined
O9QIXf9gfmg-00127-00040206-00040480 according to the stacking time I have
O9QIXf9gfmg-00128-00040481-00040757 compiled a comparison table for you to
O9QIXf9gfmg-00129-00040758-00041105 refer to 1 million equipment Area 45
O9QIXf9gfmg-00130-00041106-00041483 times 25 meters Workshop area at 80
O9QIXf9gfmg-00131-00041484-00041807 times 30 meters 5 million equipment
O9QIXf9gfmg-00132-00041808-00042307 areas MTN M's 25 meters Workshop area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00133-00042308-00042712 110 times 30 meters 10 million equipment
O9QIXf9gfmg-00134-00042713-00042871 area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00135-00042872-00043333 120 times 35 meters Workshop area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00136-00043334-00043793 160 times 40 meters 20 million equipment
O9QIXf9gfmg-00137-00043794-00043939 area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00138-00043940-00044477 220 times 35 meters Workshop area 260
O9QIXf9gfmg-00139-00044478-00044818 times 40 meters 30 million equipment
O9QIXf9gfmg-00140-00044819-00044971 area
O9QIXf9gfmg-00141-00044972-00045515 270 times 45 meters Workshop area of 310
O9QIXf9gfmg-00142-00045516-00045827 pounds 50 meters because of our
O9QIXf9gfmg-00143-00045828-00046151 professional ability our equipment is
O9QIXf9gfmg-00144-00046152-00046439 also sold all over the world Tanzania
O9QIXf9gfmg-00145-00046440-00047057 Thailand Vietnam Syria India Uzbekistan
O9QIXf9gfmg-00146-00047058-00047429 Etc many countries and regions are using
O9QIXf9gfmg-00147-00047430-00047752 our equipment the last question you are
O9QIXf9gfmg-00148-00047753-00048040 most concerned about how long will it
O9QIXf9gfmg-00149-00048041-00048305 take to make money from this production
O9QIXf9gfmg-00150-00048306-00048652 line first the equipment processing and
O9QIXf9gfmg-00151-00048653-00048940 production time is six months shipping
O9QIXf9gfmg-00152-00048941-00049277 time by sea is TWA immense anxiety
O9QIXf9gfmg-00153-00049278-00049495 installation time is three months
O9QIXf9gfmg-00154-00049496-00049889 equipment debugging staff training aim
O9QIXf9gfmg-00155-00049890-00050152 for one month this is an normal time
O9QIXf9gfmg-00156-00050153-00050458 frame adjustments will also be made
O9QIXf9gfmg-00157-00050459-00050752 according to your requirements we hope
O9QIXf9gfmg-00158-00050753-00050999 this video gives you the knowledge you
O9QIXf9gfmg-00159-00051000-00051280 are looking for this information will
O9QIXf9gfmg-00160-00051282-00051532 help you choose a more suitable gypsum
O9QIXf9gfmg-00161-00051533-00051820 board production line if you have any
O9QIXf9gfmg-00162-00051821-00052163 questions please don't hesitate contact
O9QIXf9gfmg-00163-00052164-00052444 me on Whatsapp can give you more
O9QIXf9gfmg-00164-00052445-00052783 targeted advice
OqBCvB0JN7u-00000-00000035-00000191 [Music]
OqBCvB0JN7u-00001-00000192-00000286 hi
OqBCvB0JN7u-00002-00000287-00000487 i'm marlana and today we're talking
OqBCvB0JN7u-00003-00000488-00000734 about books and reading with your 24 to
OqBCvB0JN7u-00004-00000735-00001079 36 month old
OqBCvB0JN7u-00005-00001080-00001254 books and reading with your older
OqBCvB0JN7u-00006-00001255-00001470 toddler play such an important role in
OqBCvB0JN7u-00007-00001471-00001679 their future success at school and in
OqBCvB0JN7u-00008-00001680-00001823 life
OqBCvB0JN7u-00009-00001823-00002039 young children who are surrounded by an
OqBCvB0JN7u-00010-00002039-00002310 abundance of books and reading friendly
OqBCvB0JN7u-00011-00002311-00002607 environment get so many benefits
OqBCvB0JN7u-00012-00002608-00002823 when you read as little as three books a
OqBCvB0JN7u-00013-00002824-00003047 week with your child and their school
OqBCvB0JN7u-00014-00003048-00003359 readiness grows by leaps and bounds and
OqBCvB0JN7u-00015-00003360-00003703 the more you read the more they grow
OqBCvB0JN7u-00016-00003704-00003863 reading helps them develop their
OqBCvB0JN7u-00017-00003864-00004070 vocabulary because of course the more
OqBCvB0JN7u-00018-00004071-00004283 words they hear the more words they'll
OqBCvB0JN7u-00019-00004284-00004583 learn gives them a sense of what the
OqBCvB0JN7u-00020-00004584-00004751 sounds and words are and how those
OqBCvB0JN7u-00021-00004752-00005006 sounds come together to make words
OqBCvB0JN7u-00022-00005007-00005215 and it helps them
OqBCvB0JN7u-00023-00005216-00005527 understand that print has meaning
OqBCvB0JN7u-00024-00005528-00005735 that there's a structure to stories that
OqBCvB0JN7u-00025-00005736-00005975 there's a beginning a middle and an end
OqBCvB0JN7u-00026-00005976-00006222 to a good story it helps them develop
OqBCvB0JN7u-00027-00006223-00006439 sustained attention it gives them the
OqBCvB0JN7u-00028-00006440-00006727 pleasure of learning and so much more
OqBCvB0JN7u-00029-00006728-00006934 what an important skill and what a
OqBCvB0JN7u-00030-00006936-00007255 wonderful gift to give to your child so
OqBCvB0JN7u-00031-00007256-00007463 of course you do want to choose the best
OqBCvB0JN7u-00032-00007464-00007759 books for your child for older toddlers
OqBCvB0JN7u-00033-00007759-00007934 you want to look for books that have
OqBCvB0JN7u-00034-00007936-00008142 brightly colored pictures of simple
OqBCvB0JN7u-00035-00008143-00008383 objects and remember that rhyming and
OqBCvB0JN7u-00036-00008384-00008614 repetition are important you want to
OqBCvB0JN7u-00037-00008615-00008774 look for books that introduce things
OqBCvB0JN7u-00038-00008775-00009014 like letters and numbers and colors and
OqBCvB0JN7u-00039-00009015-00009110 shapes
OqBCvB0JN7u-00040-00009111-00009310 and then if you can find interactive
OqBCvB0JN7u-00041-00009311-00009431 books
OqBCvB0JN7u-00042-00009432-00009695 things that might have a lift the flap
OqBCvB0JN7u-00043-00009696-00009910 or a path of bunny that's going to
OqBCvB0JN7u-00044-00009911-00010103 encourage active involvement and
OqBCvB0JN7u-00045-00010104-00010478 exploration plus it's just good fun
OqBCvB0JN7u-00046-00010479-00010695 but getting good books is just the
OqBCvB0JN7u-00047-00010696-00010935 beginning and how you read with your
OqBCvB0JN7u-00048-00010936-00011174 child is what takes reading from good to
OqBCvB0JN7u-00049-00011175-00011271 great
OqBCvB0JN7u-00050-00011272-00011559 because children will learn the most
OqBCvB0JN7u-00051-00011560-00011814 from books when they are actively
OqBCvB0JN7u-00052-00011815-00011927 involved
OqBCvB0JN7u-00053-00011928-00012174 and here are four easy ways to keep your
OqBCvB0JN7u-00054-00012175-00012478 child actively involved first of all use
OqBCvB0JN7u-00055-00012479-00012695 good prompts there are different kind of
OqBCvB0JN7u-00056-00012696-00012846 prompts you might use a completion
OqBCvB0JN7u-00057-00012847-00013111 prompt where you basically leave a blank
OqBCvB0JN7u-00058-00013112-00013286 at the end of a sentence and encourage
OqBCvB0JN7u-00059-00013287-00013503 them to fill in the plank so for
OqBCvB0JN7u-00060-00013504-00013758 instance there's one like one fish two
OqBCvB0JN7u-00061-00013759-00013991 fish red fish
OqBCvB0JN7u-00062-00013991-00014151 blue fish
OqBCvB0JN7u-00063-00014152-00014358 there are recall prompts where you
OqBCvB0JN7u-00064-00014359-00014583 basically just ask your child what
OqBCvB0JN7u-00065-00014584-00014758 happened in a book that you've already
OqBCvB0JN7u-00066-00014759-00015022 read you could say something like what
OqBCvB0JN7u-00067-00015023-00015191 happened to the little blue engine in
OqBCvB0JN7u-00068-00015191-00015327 this story
OqBCvB0JN7u-00069-00015328-00015558 and there are open-ended prompts and
OqBCvB0JN7u-00070-00015559-00015911 these tend to focus on pictures
OqBCvB0JN7u-00071-00015912-00016055 so you might ask
OqBCvB0JN7u-00072-00016056-00016286 what do you see in this picture and if
OqBCvB0JN7u-00073-00016287-00016567 your child answers truck then you're
OqBCvB0JN7u-00074-00016568-00016799 going to want to let the child know that
OqBCvB0JN7u-00075-00016800-00017071 they gave you a good answer you say yes
OqBCvB0JN7u-00076-00017072-00017230 that's a truck
OqBCvB0JN7u-00077-00017231-00017471 and then you even want to add
OqBCvB0JN7u-00078-00017472-00017694 information and repeat their answer back
OqBCvB0JN7u-00079-00017695-00017927 to them by saying something like yes
OqBCvB0JN7u-00080-00017928-00018239 that's a red fire truck
OqBCvB0JN7u-00081-00018240-00018535 and then if you ask them something like
OqBCvB0JN7u-00082-00018536-00018758 can you say fire truck
OqBCvB0JN7u-00083-00018759-00018903 you are
OqBCvB0JN7u-00084-00018904-00019247 repeating the prompt and um helping them
OqBCvB0JN7u-00085-00019248-00019655 remember it by saying it again
OqBCvB0JN7u-00086-00019656-00019855 so this interactive way of reading with
OqBCvB0JN7u-00087-00019856-00020158 your child is called dialogic reading
OqBCvB0JN7u-00088-00020159-00020367 and that word comes from the word
OqBCvB0JN7u-00089-00020368-00020639 dialogue which is a two-way conversation
OqBCvB0JN7u-00090-00020640-00020807 with your child about what you're
OqBCvB0JN7u-00091-00020808-00021039 reading while you're reading it
OqBCvB0JN7u-00092-00021040-00021230 and children who are read to this way
OqBCvB0JN7u-00093-00021231-00021463 are ahead of other children that are
OqBCvB0JN7u-00094-00021464-00021575 read to
OqBCvB0JN7u-00095-00021576-00021750 in a more traditional and less
OqBCvB0JN7u-00096-00021751-00022063 interactive way
OqBCvB0JN7u-00097-00022064-00022183 as you're
OqBCvB0JN7u-00098-00022184-00022358 having this dialogue with your child you
OqBCvB0JN7u-00099-00022359-00022511 want to make sure that you provide
OqBCvB0JN7u-00100-00022512-00022694 plenty of time for your child to hear
OqBCvB0JN7u-00101-00022695-00022903 your question and then to come up with
OqBCvB0JN7u-00102-00022904-00023063 their answer because children need a
OqBCvB0JN7u-00103-00023064-00023294 little more time than an adult
OqBCvB0JN7u-00104-00023295-00023486 and mix it up
OqBCvB0JN7u-00105-00023487-00023663 don't push too hard you want to keep it
OqBCvB0JN7u-00106-00023664-00023903 light and enjoyable and interesting for
OqBCvB0JN7u-00107-00023904-00024167 your child and when you do you're sure
OqBCvB0JN7u-00108-00024168-00024471 to be amazed at how much they will learn
OqBCvB0JN7u-00109-00024472-00024871 and grow just from reading and talking
OqBCvB0JN7u-00110-00024872-00025631 thanks so much come back next time
OqBCvB0JN7u-00111-00025632-00025839 you
OrxjYL_GQQY-00000-00000012-00000227 Rose Dawson is she the most selfish
OrxjYL_GQQY-00001-00000228-00000473 person in the history of the world she
OrxjYL_GQQY-00002-00000474-00000647 we all know the scene where she's on the
OrxjYL_GQQY-00003-00000648-00000808 door and you know there's no room for
OrxjYL_GQQY-00004-00000809-00001031 Jack and Jack goes okay okay you know
OrxjYL_GQQY-00005-00001032-00001199 I'll just sit here and hang out you know
OrxjYL_GQQY-00006-00001200-00001427 maybe The Rescuers will come and I'll be
OrxjYL_GQQY-00007-00001428-00001636 okay and Rosie yeah yeah that's gonna
OrxjYL_GQQY-00008-00001637-00001829 happen yeah that's gonna happen Jack and
OrxjYL_GQQY-00009-00001830-00001997 you know the the door was bigger than
OrxjYL_GQQY-00010-00001998-00002218 the SS Minnow that had seven Castaways
OrxjYL_GQQY-00011-00002219-00002375 and you know it seems to me there was
OrxjYL_GQQY-00012-00002376-00002549 enough room in the back seat of that car
OrxjYL_GQQY-00013-00002550-00002723 Rose for you and Jack to have sex but
OrxjYL_GQQY-00014-00002724-00002855 there was not enough room on that door
OrxjYL_GQQY-00015-00002856-00002963 for Jack
OrxjYL_GQQY-00016-00002964-00003221 no no and then the worst part is when
OrxjYL_GQQY-00017-00003222-00003449 The Rescuers come and they is anybody
OrxjYL_GQQY-00018-00003450-00003772 out there is anybody out there and Rose
OrxjYL_GQQY-00019-00003773-00004072 goes jerking off me Jack and she takes
OrxjYL_GQQY-00020-00004073-00004235 his hands and she shoves him down to the
OrxjYL_GQQY-00021-00004236-00004595 dark dark ocean so poor Jack you know he
OrxjYL_GQQY-00022-00004596-00004822 he sacrificed his life for Rose and Rose
OrxjYL_GQQY-00023-00004823-00005002 didn't really seem to care we moved
OrxjYL_GQQY-00024-00005003-00005183 further down in life and Rose has got
OrxjYL_GQQY-00025-00005184-00005399 that uh she has the Heart of the Ocean
OrxjYL_GQQY-00026-00005400-00005506 diamond
OrxjYL_GQQY-00027-00005507-00005813 it must be worth billions of dollars
OrxjYL_GQQY-00028-00005814-00006029 okay Millions maybe but it's worth a lot
OrxjYL_GQQY-00029-00006030-00006179 of money enough for Bill Paxton to be
OrxjYL_GQQY-00030-00006180-00006431 looking for it so what did she do with
OrxjYL_GQQY-00031-00006431-00006575 the diamond
OrxjYL_GQQY-00032-00006576-00006814 she takes the diamond and just throws it
OrxjYL_GQQY-00033-00006815-00007001 into the ocean just throws it in the
OrxjYL_GQQY-00034-00007002-00007241 ocean so no one can have it if I ca if
OrxjYL_GQQY-00035-00007242-00007391 I'm gonna die this is what she was
OrxjYL_GQQY-00036-00007392-00007619 saying if I'm gonna die then no one else
OrxjYL_GQQY-00037-00007620-00007810 can have it I she could have fed how
OrxjYL_GQQY-00038-00007811-00008009 many people could she have fed by just
OrxjYL_GQQY-00039-00008009-00008153 selling that diamond she had the diamond
OrxjYL_GQQY-00040-00008154-00008260 forever
OrxjYL_GQQY-00041-00008261-00008410 she could have sold that diamond anytime
OrxjYL_GQQY-00042-00008411-00008537 oh there's a bunch of homeless people
OrxjYL_GQQY-00043-00008538-00008699 over there I'm gonna feed these people
OrxjYL_GQQY-00044-00008700-00008831 I'm gonna give this money to an
OrxjYL_GQQY-00045-00008832-00009113 orphanage no what does Rose do what does
OrxjYL_GQQY-00046-00009114-00009335 selfish Rose do she throws the diamond
OrxjYL_GQQY-00047-00009336-00009587 into the ocean so no one can have it and
OrxjYL_GQQY-00048-00009588-00009719 those poor kids are just gonna start
OrxjYL_GQQY-00049-00009720-00009977 thanks Rose great job Rose and then she
OrxjYL_GQQY-00050-00009978-00010192 lives to be like 150 years old you know
OrxjYL_GQQY-00051-00010193-00010331 she's going around here going around
OrxjYL_GQQY-00052-00010332-00010492 town becomes an acronym I'm so
OrxjYL_GQQY-00053-00010493-00010709 successful blah blah blah you know but
OrxjYL_GQQY-00054-00010710-00010859 you know Jack and the rest of the people
OrxjYL_GQQY-00055-00010860-00011014 at dive at Titanic are just sitting down
OrxjYL_GQQY-00056-00011015-00011219 waiting for her going I don't know
OrxjYL_GQQY-00057-00011220-00011387 eventually she's got to die right you
OrxjYL_GQQY-00058-00011388-00011683 know we're sitting here waiting you know
OrxjYL_GQQY-00059-00011684-00011867 we're just sitting here by that
OrxjYL_GQQY-00060-00011868-00012046 staircase just waiting for Rose to come
OrxjYL_GQQY-00061-00012047-00012281 come on Rose come come down here and see
OrxjYL_GQQY-00062-00012282-00012538 us but no not Rose not selfish Rose she
OrxjYL_GQQY-00063-00012539-00012760 just keeps living and living and living
OrxjYL_GQQY-00064-00012761-00012988 and doing what she wants you know again
OrxjYL_GQQY-00065-00012989-00013175 jack sacrifices life for you but you're
OrxjYL_GQQY-00066-00013176-00013301 just gonna you're just gonna keep living
OrxjYL_GQQY-00067-00013302-00013529 and living she was at least 150. I've
OrxjYL_GQQY-00068-00013530-00013775 seen the pictures at least 150 and so
OrxjYL_GQQY-00069-00013776-00013979 you know she finally comes down here I
OrxjYL_GQQY-00070-00013980-00014177 am let the party start you know the
OrxjYL_GQQY-00071-00014178-00014435 people are going God down here for 140
OrxjYL_GQQY-00072-00014436-00014633 years what the hell is going on Rose so
OrxjYL_GQQY-00073-00014634-00014908 that's pretty selfish over and then and
OrxjYL_GQQY-00074-00014909-00015065 then the worst part is I thought that's
OrxjYL_GQQY-00075-00015066-00015191 the whole thing
OrxjYL_GQQY-00076-00015191-00015341 she was married to some guy named
OrxjYL_GQQY-00077-00015341-00015575 Calvert and had two kids
OrxjYL_GQQY-00078-00015576-00015808 what happened to them did she just on
OrxjYL_GQQY-00079-00015809-00015988 her way down to the uh you know to see
OrxjYL_GQQY-00080-00015990-00016229 Jack she's like oh hey Calvert hey kids
OrxjYL_GQQY-00081-00016230-00016493 sorry I gotta go see Jack I knew him for
OrxjYL_GQQY-00082-00016494-00016757 a week so I know you knew me for a long
OrxjYL_GQQY-00083-00016758-00016991 time and we had relationship and we we
OrxjYL_GQQY-00084-00016992-00017189 were in love and we spent a lot of time
OrxjYL_GQQY-00085-00017190-00017422 together and we had two kids and we have
OrxjYL_GQQY-00086-00017423-00017597 grandkids and all that stuff but you
OrxjYL_GQQY-00087-00017598-00017758 know what this guy he's he's still hot
OrxjYL_GQQY-00088-00017759-00018100 rest my Afterlife with this guy Jack and
OrxjYL_GQQY-00089-00018101-00018257 that's why I'm a champion name back to
OrxjYL_GQQY-00090-00018258-00018563 Dawson sorry so that's my case for Rose
OrxjYL_GQQY-00091-00018564-00018797 being the most selfish person in the
OrxjYL_GQQY-00092-00018798-00018989 history of the world but that's all I
OrxjYL_GQQY-00093-00018990-00019055 got
OrxjYL_GQQY-00094-00019056-00019247 I'll be back next week I'm out of here
OrxjYL_GQQY-00095-00019248-00019544 bye thanks
OshQBzq574g-00000-00000107-00000549 last year after sorry last year after
OshQBzq574g-00001-00000550-00000844 after they what do they say what does
OshQBzq574g-00002-00000846-00000977 the white mind say when the going gets
OshQBzq574g-00003-00000977-00001148 tough the tough gets going something
OshQBzq574g-00004-00001149-00001370 last year right when we go to a stage or
OshQBzq574g-00005-00001371-00001589 study dealing with the more abstract
OshQBzq574g-00006-00001590-00001784 stuff the especially I think they meap's
OshQBzq574g-00007-00001785-00002127 neeps type stuff I was like no we should
OshQBzq574g-00008-00002128-00002615 go and report him to the deontology gold
OshQBzq574g-00009-00002616-00002900 I told Moscow I mean good luck with that
OshQBzq574g-00010-00002901-00003654 going white go and report me if you
OshQBzq574g-00011-00003655-00003902 start my foot that you can't understand
OshQBzq574g-00012-00003903-00004454 things but I don't know I thought but it
OshQBzq574g-00013-00004455-00004663 doesn't matter no way no way this works
OshQBzq574g-00014-00004664-00004919 right it doesn't matter it doesn't
OshQBzq574g-00015-00004920-00005122 matter who you bring in to teach this
OshQBzq574g-00016-00005123-00005377 right it's the same thing
OshQBzq574g-00017-00005378-00005792 quantity doesn't change but I'm sorry
OshQBzq574g-00018-00005793-00005942 but someone was using a permanent marker
OshQBzq574g-00019-00005943-00006502 there so here's to hoping you can see
OshQBzq574g-00020-00006503-00007052 sorry
OshQBzq574g-00021-00007053-00007658 [Music]
OshQBzq574g-00022-00007659-00008345 sorry what well I don't know I can't do
OshQBzq574g-00023-00008346-00008535 my waiting like you good
OshQBzq574g-00024-00008536-00008787 this is talking you didn't fail all
OshQBzq574g-00025-00008788-00009366 right all right so today is uh we're
OshQBzq574g-00026-00009367-00009542 just wrapping up here I thought I always
OshQBzq574g-00027-00009543-00009741 I always feel like it's important to
OshQBzq574g-00028-00009742-00010083 talk about so to talk about so to give a
OshQBzq574g-00029-00010084-00010352 rundown on what we've done and to to
OshQBzq574g-00030-00010353-00010499 maybe just talk about a few other things
OshQBzq574g-00031-00010500-00010691 that have perhaps nothing to do with
OshQBzq574g-00032-00010692-00010958 your course which is why I thought it
OshQBzq574g-00033-00010959-00011078 was important for us to have like the
OshQBzq574g-00034-00011079-00011321 series number 26 right which is the
OshQBzq574g-00035-00011322-00011606 epilogue very sad that we in the last
OshQBzq574g-00036-00011607-00011985 lecture there's noise right I wish it
OshQBzq574g-00037-00011986-00012191 was primary square we had class monitors
OshQBzq574g-00038-00012192-00012338 class monitor right they know it's
OshQBzq574g-00039-00012339-00012827 making happy okay so I just did I want
OshQBzq574g-00040-00012828-00012963 to remind us I'm gonna start off by
OshQBzq574g-00041-00012963-00013266 reminding us what we have done since we
OshQBzq574g-00042-00013266-00013544 met for the first time in here with one
OshQBzq574g-00043-00013545-00013916 full circle now on February 18th and I
OshQBzq574g-00044-00013918-00014058 think it was a window something I don't
OshQBzq574g-00045-00014059-00014216 I can't remember Monday or is it a
OshQBzq574g-00046-00014218-00014493 Monday was a Monday was in here right
OshQBzq574g-00047-00014494-00014730 I incidentally the exam is going to have
OshQBzq574g-00048-00014731-00015041 everything that the content covered from
OshQBzq574g-00049-00015043-00015269 February 18th all the way up to October
OshQBzq574g-00050-00015270-00015594 25th right the original thing October
OshQBzq574g-00051-00015594-00015884 25th is because the tutorials to God
OshQBzq574g-00052-00015885-00016125 right so you want to make sure that you
OshQBzq574g-00053-00016126-00016328 go through the lecture slides and the
OshQBzq574g-00054-00016329-00016478 notes and the references and the
OshQBzq574g-00055-00016479-00016628 tutorial sheets the questions in the
OshQBzq574g-00056-00016629-00016899 tutor is very important I'll do that if
OshQBzq574g-00057-00016900-00017219 I were you right but but essentially
OshQBzq574g-00058-00017220-00017391 what we've done in the last what is it
OshQBzq574g-00059-00017392-00017534 nine is it nine months or something
OshQBzq574g-00060-00017535-00017672 eight nine months probably eight months
OshQBzq574g-00061-00017673-00018027 is we're waiting towards this broad
OshQBzq574g-00062-00018028-00018258 objective right so everything we've done
OshQBzq574g-00063-00018259-00018615 is tied on to these things here
OshQBzq574g-00064-00018616-00018893 and you notice that so the objective
OshQBzq574g-00065-00018894-00019191 these objects are in no way aligned with
OshQBzq574g-00066-00019192-00019383 the order in which we conducted the
OshQBzq574g-00067-00019384-00019515 lecture series but just to remind us
OshQBzq574g-00068-00019516-00019644 that this is what we're trying to do
OshQBzq574g-00069-00019645-00019830 essentially trying to better understand
OshQBzq574g-00070-00019831-00020084 how computer systems work how a computer
OshQBzq574g-00071-00020085-00020387 works and we realized from the beginning
OshQBzq574g-00072-00020388-00020616 from the very beginning that in fact the
OshQBzq574g-00073-00020617-00020819 single-coil computer system check so
OshQBzq574g-00074-00020820-00020920 many different
OshQBzq574g-00075-00020921-00021351 shapes and forms right so computer my
OshQBzq574g-00076-00021352-00021817 system computer system nice except iPad
OshQBzq574g-00077-00021818-00021994 hopefully but if this is a computer
OshQBzq574g-00078-00021995-00022209 system there right
OshQBzq574g-00079-00022210-00022471 sorry different things I mean these days
OshQBzq574g-00080-00022472-00022732 the 21st century it is this talk all
OshQBzq574g-00081-00022733-00022990 things like soft driven cars and you
OshQBzq574g-00082-00022991-00023268 know areas like robotics and whatnot
OshQBzq574g-00083-00023269-00023620 there's a time when I think Samuels in
OshQBzq574g-00084-00023621-00023824 the news there's even a BBC article we
OshQBzq574g-00085-00023825-00023962 don't even know what they're doing here
OshQBzq574g-00086-00023963-00024163 friendly system that went somewhere
OshQBzq574g-00087-00024164-00024412 robotics team but anyway all those
OshQBzq574g-00088-00024413-00024574 things are tied to computer systems
OshQBzq574g-00089-00024575-00024784 right and we now understand how these
OshQBzq574g-00090-00024785-00024874 things work
OshQBzq574g-00091-00024875-00025153 everybody in here understands how these
OshQBzq574g-00092-00025154-00025336 things work and the beauty of that is
OshQBzq574g-00093-00025337-00025477 because we understand how a computer
OshQBzq574g-00094-00025478-00025747 works we can go out there next year and
OshQBzq574g-00095-00025748-00025936 learn how to write computer programs
OshQBzq574g-00096-00025937-00026107 that are going to run on these computer
OshQBzq574g-00097-00026108-00026413 systems you know we can go out next year
OshQBzq574g-00098-00026414-00026674 and and get to understand how we can
OshQBzq574g-00099-00026675-00026908 protect these things from potential
OshQBzq574g-00100-00026908-00027091 threats right when you do it computer
OshQBzq574g-00101-00027092-00027270 security and you realize that once you
OshQBzq574g-00102-00027272-00027451 start covering those those are the
OshQBzq574g-00103-00027452-00027577 concepts it's a lot easier for you to
OshQBzq574g-00104-00027577-00027817 understand what's going on if you were
OshQBzq574g-00105-00027818-00028075 paying attention in this code right once
OshQBzq574g-00106-00028076-00028249 you start your discussion of is it
OshQBzq574g-00107-00028250-00028477 databases and web technologies it'd be a
OshQBzq574g-00108-00028477-00028630 lot easier for you to understand right
OshQBzq574g-00109-00028631-00028852 data and communication networks right
OshQBzq574g-00110-00028852-00029131 what we covered coupled with more
OshQBzq574g-00111-00029132-00029302 importantly what you covered with Edward
OshQBzq574g-00112-00029302-00029563 morning wind 10 20 very important
OshQBzq574g-00113-00029564-00029770 fundamental concepts there right you
OshQBzq574g-00114-00029770-00030016 will not be able to understand data and
OshQBzq574g-00115-00030017-00030157 communication networks or at least it
OshQBzq574g-00116-00030158-00030286 would be harder for you to understand if
OshQBzq574g-00117-00030287-00030448 you are not paying attention in II do 10
OshQBzq574g-00118-00030449-00030639 20 now I told you you must pay attention
OshQBzq574g-00119-00030641-00030862 but you I don't know if you were paying
OshQBzq574g-00120-00030863-00031026 attention right you need you can print
OshQBzq574g-00121-00031027-00031318 everything they did with 42 EJ is that
OshQBzq574g-00122-00031319-00031516 the way this these courses are packaged
OshQBzq574g-00123-00031517-00031744 everything is connected there is a
OshQBzq574g-00124-00031745-00031945 reason why people cite in some room or
OshQBzq574g-00125-00031945-00032104 some rooms and decided to say we are
OshQBzq574g-00126-00032105-00032308 going to include this cause as part of
OshQBzq574g-00127-00032308-00032563 this program everything is connected you
OshQBzq574g-00128-00032564-00033031 must pay attention right but anyway so
OshQBzq574g-00129-00033032-00033211 what's coming in the exam everything
OshQBzq574g-00130-00033212-00033592 recovered from history of computing hope
OshQBzq574g-00131-00033593-00033934 do you remember the major milestones
OshQBzq574g-00132-00033935-00034186 right the different generations the
OshQBzq574g-00133-00034187-00034330 technology advanced
OshQBzq574g-00134-00034331-00034507 was Miss associated with these things I
OshQBzq574g-00135-00034508-00034726 am kept on coming back here right when
OshQBzq574g-00136-00034727-00034924 we're discussing circuitry it made
OshQBzq574g-00137-00034925-00035128 measure the fact that these days you
OshQBzq574g-00138-00035129-00035311 have a whole ton of transistors in here
OshQBzq574g-00139-00035312-00035557 but in computer generation number one it
OshQBzq574g-00140-00035558-00036037 was vacuum tubes right though they all
OshQBzq574g-00141-00036038-00036240 accomplished the same objective with
OshQBzq574g-00142-00036241-00036418 simple right controlling the flow of
OshQBzq574g-00143-00036419-00036658 electricity station right
OshQBzq574g-00144-00036659-00036808 you must remember the different
OshQBzq574g-00145-00036809-00036976 classifications of computer systems
OshQBzq574g-00146-00036977-00037168 which sort of scenarios this can be used
OshQBzq574g-00147-00037169-00037534 in why it is desirable for you to have a
OshQBzq574g-00148-00037535-00037693 server based computer system as opposed
OshQBzq574g-00149-00037694-00037923 to in microcomputer for instance why
OshQBzq574g-00150-00037924-00038281 where would you use this right we looked
OshQBzq574g-00151-00038282-00038413 at so many different characteristics
OshQBzq574g-00152-00038414-00038608 remember those aspects right cost sides
OshQBzq574g-00153-00038609-00038944 yeah efficient all those different
OshQBzq574g-00154-00038945-00039253 things right but anyway and it turns out
OshQBzq574g-00155-00039254-00039499 there's a pattern as you if you look at
OshQBzq574g-00156-00039500-00039712 these things individually right the size
OshQBzq574g-00157-00039713-00039946 increases the performance increases the
OshQBzq574g-00158-00039947-00040467 cost increases or something right and
OshQBzq574g-00159-00040468-00040740 then we spent quite a bit of time on
OshQBzq574g-00160-00040741-00041062 computer software just because most well
OshQBzq574g-00161-00041063-00041260 if you look at the outline where the
OshQBzq574g-00162-00041261-00041464 discussion of the causes that are coming
OshQBzq574g-00163-00041465-00041710 after after first year you notice that
OshQBzq574g-00164-00041711-00041821 most of what you're going to be dealing
OshQBzq574g-00165-00041822-00041952 with is centered around computer
OshQBzq574g-00166-00041953-00042495 software most of this stuff right from
OshQBzq574g-00167-00042496-00042907 20 2010 2010 next year use computer
OshQBzq574g-00168-00042908-00043027 programming the introduction could be
OshQBzq574g-00169-00043028-00043384 our programming to 2021 which is
OshQBzq574g-00170-00043385-00043813 computer security your Europe for the
OshQBzq574g-00171-00043814-00043968 most part you're gonna focus more on
OshQBzq574g-00172-00043969-00044413 software right once you start looking at
OshQBzq574g-00173-00044414-00044617 databases and and web technologies
OshQBzq574g-00174-00044618-00044794 that's so soft we're talking about right
OshQBzq574g-00175-00044795-00044989 so which is why we spend quite a bit of
OshQBzq574g-00176-00044990-00045148 time here and we know the different
OshQBzq574g-00177-00045149-00045436 types of software software's out there
OshQBzq574g-00178-00045437-00045598 now the different categories that are
OshQBzq574g-00179-00045599-00046039 there you know is it system software -
OshQBzq574g-00180-00046040-00046186 application software and the different
OshQBzq574g-00181-00046187-00046330 types of system software the different
OshQBzq574g-00182-00046331-00046606 types of application software we realize
OshQBzq574g-00183-00046607-00046734 that there's actually things like
OshQBzq574g-00184-00046735-00046954 portable applications there's four based
OshQBzq574g-00185-00046955-00047121 applications web based applications
OshQBzq574g-00186-00047122-00047421 cloud based applications right which
OshQBzq574g-00187-00047422-00047521 incidentally is become
OshQBzq574g-00188-00047522-00047746 the in thing now the spirit of people
OshQBzq574g-00189-00047747-00047920 typically use cloud based applications
OshQBzq574g-00190-00047921-00048259 my god he ever stopped us software on my
OshQBzq574g-00191-00048260-00048415 machine right because most of what I do
OshQBzq574g-00192-00048416-00048592 is this most of the tools that I need on
OshQBzq574g-00193-00048593-00048856 the cloud when I'm creating my slides I
OshQBzq574g-00194-00048857-00049012 go on the cloud I use cloud based
OshQBzq574g-00195-00049013-00049093 software
OshQBzq574g-00196-00049094-00049294 what's that Google slides when I'm
OshQBzq574g-00197-00049295-00049542 writing when I'm preparing those
OshQBzq574g-00198-00049543-00049906 assessments cloud based software Google
OshQBzq574g-00199-00049907-00050302 Docs write those things that you were
OshQBzq574g-00200-00050303-00050488 taught by édouard my team you know like
OshQBzq574g-00201-00050489-00050844 office packages it turns out that that
OshQBzq574g-00202-00050845-00051142 went you it turns out I don't know where
OshQBzq574g-00203-00051143-00051433 the thing is it turns out that the
OshQBzq574g-00204-00051434-00051570 so-called office package even though I
OshQBzq574g-00205-00051571-00051945 know I I'm a very strong proponent of
OshQBzq574g-00206-00051946-00052114 cutting off some of these things right
OshQBzq574g-00207-00052115-00052290 why why the obsession with all the
OshQBzq574g-00208-00052291-00052540 Microsoft Office package why can't we
OshQBzq574g-00209-00052541-00052834 focus more on Google tools the
OshQBzq574g-00210-00052835-00053044 alternatives out there right is what I'm
OshQBzq574g-00211-00053045-00053245 trying to say here it doesn't matter
OshQBzq574g-00212-00053246-00053374 what you're using but the fundamental
OshQBzq574g-00213-00053375-00053482 concepts are the same when you're using
OshQBzq574g-00214-00053483-00053704 when you are working with a spreadsheet
OshQBzq574g-00215-00053704-00053926 application doesn't matter if you're
OshQBzq574g-00216-00053927-00054346 using Microsoft Excel or Google Google
OshQBzq574g-00217-00054347-00054664 sheets or LibreOffice calc which is what
OshQBzq574g-00218-00054665-00054985 I like using myself right the concept is
OshQBzq574g-00219-00054986-00055182 the same right those fundamental
OshQBzq574g-00220-00055183-00055369 concepts they told you with regards to
OshQBzq574g-00221-00055370-00055528 how is widget application works they
OshQBzq574g-00222-00055529-00055716 apply all sorts of different
OshQBzq574g-00223-00055717-00055885 applications right which is why it's
OshQBzq574g-00224-00055886-00056101 possible for me to open Microsoft Excel
OshQBzq574g-00225-00056102-00056410 document right using LibreOffice code
OshQBzq574g-00226-00056411-00056611 which is where I can import that same
OshQBzq574g-00227-00056612-00056989 file in Google sheets concepts of the
OshQBzq574g-00228-00056990-00057357 same but you must remember everything
OshQBzq574g-00229-00057358-00057484 that we covered in here
OshQBzq574g-00230-00057485-00057889 licensing right you know we come on so
OshQBzq574g-00231-00057890-00058123 many so many interesting things and it
OshQBzq574g-00232-00058124-00058303 will come back to you next year actually
OshQBzq574g-00233-00058304-00058471 because it turns out once you learn how
OshQBzq574g-00234-00058472-00058636 to program there one of the things
OshQBzq574g-00235-00058637-00058807 they're going to have to do is you you
OshQBzq574g-00236-00058808-00059050 you actually write software applications
OshQBzq574g-00237-00059051-00059142 that you're going to share with other
OshQBzq574g-00238-00059144-00059352 people what do you do after you do that
OshQBzq574g-00239-00059353-00059800 you specify restrictions associated to
OshQBzq574g-00240-00059801-00059923 that particular package that you've
OshQBzq574g-00241-00059924-00060112 created is it going to be available free
OshQBzq574g-00242-00060113-00060352 of charge to people is it going to be
OshQBzq574g-00243-00060353-00060577 open so that anyone can just get it and
OshQBzq574g-00244-00060578-00060730 remix it or make change
OshQBzq574g-00245-00060732-00060911 come up with the derivation or
OshQBzq574g-00246-00060912-00061148 indifferent vision software that is
OshQBzq574g-00247-00061149-00061298 similar to what you've created right
OshQBzq574g-00248-00061299-00061703 licensing we did so much I'm very happy
OshQBzq574g-00249-00061704-00062012 that we we actually spent so much time
OshQBzq574g-00250-00062013-00062258 here and I think in subsequent years
OshQBzq574g-00251-00062259-00062432 maybe we should do much more than we did
OshQBzq574g-00252-00062433-00063073 in computer software it's because right
OshQBzq574g-00253-00063074-00063509 and now we understand why you cannot go
OshQBzq574g-00254-00063510-00063766 to up to a Play Store right to the Play
OshQBzq574g-00255-00063767-00063923 Store and download an application say a
OshQBzq574g-00256-00063924-00064103 way to install it on that machine on
OshQBzq574g-00257-00064104-00064330 that machine yeah we discuss all those
OshQBzq574g-00258-00064332-00064574 things you know know why and then we we
OshQBzq574g-00259-00064575-00064799 really spend a bit of time looking at us
OshQBzq574g-00260-00064800-00064988 we typed it as machine structure patty
OshQBzq574g-00261-00064989-00065216 session what we did was we narrowed down
OshQBzq574g-00262-00065216-00065375 on the so-called phenomenon architecture
OshQBzq574g-00263-00065376-00065567 just because it's the basis for most
OshQBzq574g-00264-00065568-00066052 contemporary computer computer systems
OshQBzq574g-00265-00066053-00066416 please remember all of this what makes
OshQBzq574g-00266-00066417-00066623 this course I guess the exam especially
OshQBzq574g-00267-00066624-00067034 we're trying to make the exam a bit is
OshQBzq574g-00268-00067035-00067706 because no it's because it's because
OshQBzq574g-00269-00067707-00068186 it's because of it's because it's a it's
OshQBzq574g-00270-00068187-00068426 a full year it's a free long course it's
OshQBzq574g-00271-00068427-00068780 a full cost which which has two
OshQBzq574g-00272-00068781-00068978 different parts parts that are supposed
OshQBzq574g-00273-00068979-00069191 to be ideally separated right from each
OshQBzq574g-00274-00069192-00069536 other so you want to make sure you
OshQBzq574g-00275-00069537-00070013 revise all of these things right well I
OshQBzq574g-00276-00070014-00070256 guess challenging no not that it's I was
OshQBzq574g-00277-00070257-00070382 trying to avoid the way challenging
OshQBzq574g-00278-00070383-00070529 because it's not going to be challenging
OshQBzq574g-00279-00070530-00070955 since that we we've covered so much all
OshQBzq574g-00280-00070956-00071161 right
OshQBzq574g-00281-00071162-00071396 so you'd have to revise everything we've
OshQBzq574g-00282-00071397-00071585 covered from February 18th up to now
OshQBzq574g-00283-00071586-00072218 which is don't don't even think no just
OshQBzq574g-00284-00072219-00072692 focus on Mitch because now talk about
OshQBzq574g-00285-00072693-00072851 the structure of the exam the exam has
OshQBzq574g-00286-00072852-00073013 two sections right it's a compulsory
OshQBzq574g-00287-00073014-00073262 section and the section where you get to
OshQBzq574g-00288-00073263-00073436 choose what you want to like what
OshQBzq574g-00289-00073437-00073694 questions you want to attempt right so
OshQBzq574g-00290-00073695-00073889 in the second section it's fine because
OshQBzq574g-00291-00073890-00074021 the second section will probably have
OshQBzq574g-00292-00074022-00074058 come
OshQBzq574g-00293-00074059-00074274 from computer computer systems and
OshQBzq574g-00294-00074275-00074517 computer architecture right so becomes a
OshQBzq574g-00295-00074518-00074726 lot easier for me to pick and choose
OshQBzq574g-00296-00074727-00074976 there but for the optional part what I'm
OshQBzq574g-00297-00074977-00075117 going to do if you don't revise the
OshQBzq574g-00298-00075118-00075443 things that we did last last time right
OshQBzq574g-00299-00075444-00075810 anyway and then we we actually discussed
OshQBzq574g-00300-00075811-00076212 a so called machine cycle my decision
OshQBzq574g-00301-00076213-00076488 what happens to on the fetch decode
OshQBzq574g-00302-00076489-00076638 execute sack or what happens to an
OshQBzq574g-00303-00076639-00076826 instruction once you run a computer
OshQBzq574g-00304-00076827-00077013 program you now understand what happens
OshQBzq574g-00305-00077014-00077175 behind the scenes when we're double
OshQBzq574g-00306-00077176-00077357 clicking those programs once not double
OshQBzq574g-00307-00077358-00077481 kiki in-between store but once you
OshQBzq574g-00308-00077482-00077630 install it on you double-click to launch
OshQBzq574g-00309-00077631-00077928 execute the computer the computer
OshQBzq574g-00310-00077929-00078225 software we we know it happens right it
OshQBzq574g-00311-00078226-00078585 goes out there in ROM or Rome anything
OshQBzq574g-00312-00078586-00078714 on what sort of computer system you're
OshQBzq574g-00313-00078715-00079038 using or what application you're working
OshQBzq574g-00314-00079039-00079335 with and then each of the individual
OshQBzq574g-00315-00079336-00079485 instructions associated with that
OshQBzq574g-00316-00079486-00079713 particular program I executed one at a
OshQBzq574g-00317-00079714-00079938 time they're the ones that I actually go
OshQBzq574g-00318-00079939-00080121 through this fish decode execute cycle
OshQBzq574g-00319-00080122-00080370 because essentially this is just one one
OshQBzq574g-00320-00080371-00080574 of the many maybe thousands or hundreds
OshQBzq574g-00321-00080575-00080748 of instructions associated with the
OshQBzq574g-00322-00080749-00080886 particular application package that
OshQBzq574g-00323-00080887-00081069 you'd be working with on a computer that
OshQBzq574g-00324-00081070-00081417 point in time right so here's to hoping
OshQBzq574g-00325-00081418-00081999 we understand the this process and the
OshQBzq574g-00326-00082000-00082305 components right on the CPU that I
OshQBzq574g-00327-00082306-00082527 involved in the fish decode execute
OshQBzq574g-00328-00082528-00082980 cycle in the remember that for the most
OshQBzq574g-00329-00082981-00083304 part most of what goes on happens on the
OshQBzq574g-00330-00083305-00083531 CPU chip it's of a small little
OshQBzq574g-00331-00083532-00083745 component hardware component everything
OshQBzq574g-00332-00083746-00084120 is that a you the control unit right
OshQBzq574g-00333-00084121-00084332 all those registers we've been
OshQBzq574g-00334-00084333-00084471 discussing both special purpose
OshQBzq574g-00335-00084472-00084639 registers and general purpose registers
OshQBzq574g-00336-00084640-00084957 their own that's Mali to chip right the
OshQBzq574g-00337-00084958-00085322 map of intelligence right people that
OshQBzq574g-00338-00085323-00085650 think instead of going out that go and
OshQBzq574g-00339-00085651-00085800 party but you can think and party I
OshQBzq574g-00340-00085801-00086259 guess and then we where the discussion
OshQBzq574g-00341-00086260-00086651 of input/output devices right we started
OshQBzq574g-00342-00086652-00086892 our discussion a point whose peripherals
OshQBzq574g-00343-00086893-00087000 essentially we're trying to better
OshQBzq574g-00344-00087001-00087268 understand the different types of
OshQBzq574g-00345-00087269-00087463 hardware components that can be
OshQBzq574g-00346-00087464-00087691 integrated with our computer systems to
OshQBzq574g-00347-00087692-00087820 enhance the functionalities of the
OshQBzq574g-00348-00087821-00088060 computer system itself right it's why I
OshQBzq574g-00349-00088061-00088243 study I was asking for USB type-c
OshQBzq574g-00350-00088244-00088384 and people didn't know what I was
OshQBzq574g-00351-00088385-00088636 talking about it's like Oh fine what is
OshQBzq574g-00352-00088637-00088977 the difference between a USB type-c and
OshQBzq574g-00353-00088978-00089856 micro USB don't know sorry
OshQBzq574g-00354-00089857-00090058 so the difference is it's a new one
OshQBzq574g-00355-00090059-00090313 right oh yes yes that's one of the
OshQBzq574g-00356-00090314-00091732 differences did spot what do you mean is
OshQBzq574g-00357-00091733-00092251 flat ok so people have been reading they
OshQBzq574g-00358-00092252-00092341 know what we're talking about that's
OshQBzq574g-00359-00092342-00092659 good we are happy correct one hundred
OshQBzq574g-00360-00092660-00092797 one thousand percent I guess I don't
OshQBzq574g-00361-00092798-00093145 know but when I'm in the right we
OshQBzq574g-00362-00093146-00093430 realize that these different devices can
OshQBzq574g-00363-00093431-00093654 actually be classified into different
OshQBzq574g-00364-00093655-00093958 different categories if the other time
OshQBzq574g-00365-00093959-00094342 right I I came across our cycling home
OshQBzq574g-00366-00094343-00094639 and I bumped into this person was I was
OshQBzq574g-00367-00094640-00095083 shocked they were dismounting the speed
OshQBzq574g-00368-00095084-00095275 the speed traps you know the camera
OshQBzq574g-00369-00095276-00095392 traps that they have a long crazy story
OshQBzq574g-00370-00095393-00095566 I didn't know apparently moved him
OshQBzq574g-00371-00095567-00095812 around a lot right this guy was and I
OshQBzq574g-00372-00095813-00096031 don't know he's like I guess it's one of
OshQBzq574g-00373-00096032-00096181 the drones what the people that do the
OshQBzq574g-00374-00096182-00096448 the actual wake right moving around
OshQBzq574g-00375-00096449-00096628 driving around and moving the cameras
OshQBzq574g-00376-00096629-00096793 and downloading video content but the
OshQBzq574g-00377-00096794-00097135 funny thing is that the pricing right I
OshQBzq574g-00378-00097136-00097261 don't know if you know what I was
OshQBzq574g-00379-00097262-00097431 talking about was telling me that
OshQBzq574g-00380-00097432-00097672 apparently the cameras of course is it
OshQBzq574g-00381-00097673-00097870 you were saying it's six hundred
OshQBzq574g-00382-00097871-00098344 thousand what what yeah that's what he
OshQBzq574g-00383-00098345-00098539 was telling me which I sat and I'm
OshQBzq574g-00384-00098540-00098782 thinking well maybe it's true maybe
OshQBzq574g-00385-00098783-00098989 that's the price that they bought it at
OshQBzq574g-00386-00098990-00099154 but that's not maybe that's not supposed
OshQBzq574g-00387-00099155-00099319 to be price that he should be bought at
OshQBzq574g-00388-00099320-00099544 right but I thought it was interesting
OshQBzq574g-00389-00099545-00099886 and I regret I didn't get like a photo
OshQBzq574g-00390-00099887-00100018 that thing because I could have used it
OshQBzq574g-00391-00100019-00100210 in next year slide four still be alive
OshQBzq574g-00392-00100211-00100262 and
OshQBzq574g-00393-00100263-00100496 right as an example of a peripheral
OshQBzq574g-00394-00100497-00100801 device right so these are all different
OshQBzq574g-00395-00100802-00101188 things to think about right beyond this
OshQBzq574g-00396-00101189-00101437 course you know hope 3 now when you're
OshQBzq574g-00397-00101438-00101575 moving around and you see anything
OshQBzq574g-00398-00101576-00101731 that's related to computer systems you
OshQBzq574g-00399-00101732-00102262 think about our discussion which is good
OshQBzq574g-00400-00102263-00102655 and then we had an in-depth discussion
OshQBzq574g-00401-00102656-00103001 of of how these these peripherals get to
OshQBzq574g-00402-00103002-00103298 to be interfaced with with the CPU or
OshQBzq574g-00403-00103299-00103523 with a computer system itself you know
OshQBzq574g-00404-00103524-00103676 so how signals are essentially
OshQBzq574g-00405-00103677-00103840 transmitted from the peripheral device
OshQBzq574g-00406-00103841-00103988 to the CPU because fundamentally
OshQBzq574g-00407-00103989-00104152 interested interacting in the computer
OshQBzq574g-00408-00104153-00104365 system so what that means is implicitly
OshQBzq574g-00409-00104366-00104588 you are you're interacting it is with
OshQBzq574g-00410-00104589-00104864 the CPU right and how the signal from
OshQBzq574g-00411-00104865-00105152 the CPU or whatever output comes back to
OshQBzq574g-00412-00105153-00105358 the peripheral device in the case of
OshQBzq574g-00413-00105359-00105527 let's say output devices for instance
OshQBzq574g-00414-00105528-00106220 right and then we spent quite a bit of
OshQBzq574g-00415-00106221-00106564 time a lot of time maximum discussing
OshQBzq574g-00416-00106565-00106939 computer memory right a lot of time here
OshQBzq574g-00417-00106940-00107174 we realize that in fact so-called
OshQBzq574g-00418-00107175-00107383 computer memory is split up into so many
OshQBzq574g-00419-00107384-00107758 different categories or classes and they
OshQBzq574g-00420-00107759-00108071 serve different purposes right so ROM
OshQBzq574g-00421-00108072-00108535 ROM memory realized that on the CPU chip
OshQBzq574g-00422-00108536-00108685 it's off there's more component
OshQBzq574g-00423-00108686-00108872 specifically talking about things like
OshQBzq574g-00424-00108873-00109252 different types of cache right
OshQBzq574g-00425-00109253-00109489 CPU caches the code again remember that
OshQBzq574g-00426-00109490-00109783 so this way it caches is used elsewhere
OshQBzq574g-00427-00109784-00110158 right you can have cache associated with
OshQBzq574g-00428-00110158-00110447 secondary storage cache associated with
OshQBzq574g-00429-00110448-00110758 your brother for instance so we were
OshQBzq574g-00430-00110759-00110965 explicitly tagging this as CPU cache
OshQBzq574g-00431-00110966-00111071 because we're looking at the memory
OshQBzq574g-00432-00111072-00111248 component that's located on the CPU
OshQBzq574g-00433-00111249-00111488 itself and also these temporal memory
OshQBzq574g-00434-00111489-00111695 stores called registers even though
OshQBzq574g-00435-00111696-00111833 during this particular discussion we
OshQBzq574g-00436-00111833-00111961 didn't really talk so much about writers
OshQBzq574g-00437-00111963-00112129 because we really discussed registers
OshQBzq574g-00438-00112130-00112279 during the fish decode execute side
OshQBzq574g-00439-00112280-00112718 right and then we realize that in fact
OshQBzq574g-00440-00112719-00112868 the certain tricks that people have come
OshQBzq574g-00441-00112869-00113110 up with to try and compensate for the
OshQBzq574g-00442-00113111-00113447 fact that because Ram is expensive
OshQBzq574g-00443-00113448-00113583 you only have very
OshQBzq574g-00444-00113584-00113782 that you can make on a computer so what
OshQBzq574g-00445-00113783-00114036 happens if you you need more RAM you can
OshQBzq574g-00446-00114038-00114210 take advantage of the cheaper
OshQBzq574g-00447-00114211-00114411 secondary storage and conveyed portions
OshQBzq574g-00448-00114413-00114556 of that into virtual memory which
OshQBzq574g-00449-00114557-00114901 receive does run right but a lot was
OshQBzq574g-00450-00114902-00115189 covered here and then we we decided to
OshQBzq574g-00451-00115190-00115428 get an appreciation of before we set the
OshQBzq574g-00452-00115429-00115750 stage to discuss secondary storage of
OshQBzq574g-00453-00115751-00116058 computer storage or secondary memory we
OshQBzq574g-00454-00116059-00116398 discussed how files are logically
OshQBzq574g-00455-00116399-00116701 organized only on the on the secondary
OshQBzq574g-00456-00116702-00116872 storage devices or secondary storage
OshQBzq574g-00457-00116873-00117307 mediums themselves right here's to
OshQBzq574g-00458-00117308-00117570 hoping people people understand the
OshQBzq574g-00459-00117571-00117781 fundamental differences between regular
OshQBzq574g-00460-00117782-00118203 files and folders where you use one as
OshQBzq574g-00461-00118204-00118728 opposed to the other and why you need to
OshQBzq574g-00462-00118729-00118953 radically organize files the way though
OshQBzq574g-00463-00118954-00119183 we say they should be organized right
OshQBzq574g-00464-00119184-00119596 things to do with security as well right
OshQBzq574g-00465-00119597-00119865 you remember those things how you get to
OshQBzq574g-00466-00119866-00120303 associate permissions to files for
OshQBzq574g-00467-00120304-00120843 instance and then we we narrowed down to
OshQBzq574g-00468-00120844-00121045 computer storage at different types of
OshQBzq574g-00469-00121046-00121474 computer storage again if I were your
OshQBzq574g-00470-00121475-00121747 focus mode remember the different
OshQBzq574g-00471-00121748-00121977 characteristics we discussed cost size
OshQBzq574g-00472-00121978-00122308 speed right the key things that you'd
OshQBzq574g-00473-00122308-00122452 have to look at when you are trying to
OshQBzq574g-00474-00122453-00122703 evaluate one against the other so if you
OshQBzq574g-00475-00122704-00122923 want you have the choice of purchasing
OshQBzq574g-00476-00122924-00123336 let's say a solid-state drive of a
OshQBzq574g-00477-00123338-00123777 magnetic storage magnetic drive what
OshQBzq574g-00478-00123778-00123958 sort of things do you have to to look at
OshQBzq574g-00479-00123958-00124191 what sort of characteristics you have to
OshQBzq574g-00480-00124192-00124393 pay particular attention to it cost size
OshQBzq574g-00481-00124394-00124722 speed these different things and
OshQBzq574g-00482-00124723-00125010 interestingly enough we also we also
OshQBzq574g-00483-00125011-00125253 discussed network storage and
OshQBzq574g-00484-00125254-00125529 cloud-based storage right so we take
OshQBzq574g-00485-00125530-00125760 advantage of these things and why would
OshQBzq574g-00486-00125761-00125923 one to use cloud-based storage of a
OshQBzq574g-00487-00125924-00126220 network storage right and during this
OshQBzq574g-00488-00126221-00126486 discussion I think we snuck in things to
OshQBzq574g-00489-00126488-00126611 do with
OshQBzq574g-00490-00126613-00126935 cops I don't remember that hopefully
OshQBzq574g-00491-00126936-00127071 people have started backing up although
OshQBzq574g-00492-00127072-00127299 I know they haven't because for the
OshQBzq574g-00493-00127300-00127538 longest of time I've been asking people
OshQBzq574g-00494-00127539-00127934 scan your scripts and share them nothing
OshQBzq574g-00495-00127935-00128358 scan the scripts insure them not what
OshQBzq574g-00496-00128358-00128706 I'm going to do right when you realize
OshQBzq574g-00497-00128707-00128913 that those a bit of a mishap in
OshQBzq574g-00498-00128914-00129093 recording your grid and you've lost your
OshQBzq574g-00499-00129094-00129528 script if the Muto says you got a one
OshQBzq574g-00500-00129529-00129741 but you know that you've got a knife and
OshQBzq574g-00501-00129742-00129882 you don't have this script what I don't
OshQBzq574g-00502-00129883-00130116 do well you didn't back out I don't know
OshQBzq574g-00503-00130117-00130343 okay and then we had a discussion of
OshQBzq574g-00504-00130344-00130586 computer abstraction to get a sense of
OshQBzq574g-00505-00130588-00130791 why this is important and I think in
OshQBzq574g-00506-00130792-00131022 subsequent I guess years you probably
OshQBzq574g-00507-00131023-00131280 would would need to discuss abstraction
OshQBzq574g-00508-00131281-00131460 before yes at the beginning because it
OshQBzq574g-00509-00131461-00131643 turns out that it's a very important
OshQBzq574g-00510-00131644-00131964 area right that's used in so many
OshQBzq574g-00511-00131965-00132285 different so many different topics in
OshQBzq574g-00512-00132286-00132417 computing you realize that when we
OshQBzq574g-00513-00132418-00132591 studied our discussion of the Roman
OshQBzq574g-00514-00132592-00132732 architecture were using abstraction
OshQBzq574g-00515-00132733-00132978 right although it was much more
OshQBzq574g-00516-00132979-00133119 important when we said our discussion of
OshQBzq574g-00517-00133120-00133359 computer architecture and then lo and
OshQBzq574g-00518-00133360-00133605 behold we did a bit of very elementary
OshQBzq574g-00519-00133606-00133923 mathematics right to do with binary
OshQBzq574g-00520-00133924-00134184 numbers why because a computer wakes
OshQBzq574g-00521-00134185-00134427 with ones and zeros although we now know
OshQBzq574g-00522-00134428-00134619 as experts that it's not ones and zeros
OshQBzq574g-00523-00134620-00135078 it's electric current right don't act
OshQBzq574g-00524-00135079-00135207 like a fool and you go there and you
OshQBzq574g-00525-00135208-00135387 like a computer it's ones and zeros and
OshQBzq574g-00526-00135388-00135612 someone may ask about how you know it's
OshQBzq574g-00527-00135613-00135873 right it's electric current we say ones
OshQBzq574g-00528-00135874-00136050 and zeros because you are obstructing
OshQBzq574g-00529-00136051-00136239 you know that someone will get confused
OshQBzq574g-00530-00136240-00136434 when you tell them it's electricity
OshQBzq574g-00531-00136435-00136575 right so just tell them it's ones and
OshQBzq574g-00532-00136576-00136845 zeros everything you are doing you know
OshQBzq574g-00533-00136846-00137004 when you're playing games is ones and
OshQBzq574g-00534-00137005-00137331 zeros right everything you know all ones
OshQBzq574g-00535-00137332-00137697 and zeros please guys remember the rules
OshQBzq574g-00536-00137698-00137958 we discussed in the different things
OshQBzq574g-00537-00137959-00138108 that we talked about when you are adding
OshQBzq574g-00538-00138109-00138227 what sort of rules you have to follow
OshQBzq574g-00539-00138228-00138693 right dropping ones one one one right
OshQBzq574g-00540-00138694-00138828 it's weinerman though I know those
OshQBzq574g-00541-00138829-00139023 different things the fundamental
OshQBzq574g-00542-00139024-00139227 differences between sign-magnitude ones
OshQBzq574g-00543-00139228-00139380 complemented two's complement all these
OshQBzq574g-00544-00139381-00139578 things we discussed right and we had fun
OshQBzq574g-00545-00139579-00139790 doing this my okay
OshQBzq574g-00546-00139791-00140115 yes we did what well I had fun doing
OshQBzq574g-00547-00140116-00140482 this now and then we had a discussion of
OshQBzq574g-00548-00140483-00140908 a particular instruction set
OshQBzq574g-00549-00140909-00141049 architecture that were interested in
OshQBzq574g-00550-00141050-00141279 looking at because it's much simpler
OshQBzq574g-00551-00141280-00141427 than the other that exists and also
OshQBzq574g-00552-00141428-00141649 because there's a lot of resources
OshQBzq574g-00553-00141650-00141871 available the needs instruction set
OshQBzq574g-00554-00141872-00142285 architecture right and after our
OshQBzq574g-00555-00142286-00142491 discussion we we had a very basic
OshQBzq574g-00556-00142492-00142795 introduction to MIPS assembly language
OshQBzq574g-00557-00142796-00142957 programming different elements
OshQBzq574g-00558-00142958-00143136 associated within its assembly language
OshQBzq574g-00559-00143137-00143596 program for instance right people failed
OshQBzq574g-00560-00143597-00143857 right tell us the lines that show us the
OshQBzq574g-00561-00143858-00144364 directive where is the line just like
OshQBzq574g-00562-00144365-00144670 this the line and all the lines right
OshQBzq574g-00563-00144671-00144838 directive and there were people that
OshQBzq574g-00564-00144839-00145225 were where you have an ad right someone
OshQBzq574g-00565-00145226-00145384 who's saying this is a directive but I'm
OshQBzq574g-00566-00145385-00145828 thinking okay no right yeah people are
OshQBzq574g-00567-00145829-00146004 saying this was this was a directive
OshQBzq574g-00568-00146005-00146203 right where's the directive where is the
OshQBzq574g-00569-00146204-00146281 common people
OshQBzq574g-00570-00146282-00146563 and I think this is the thing here the
OshQBzq574g-00571-00146564-00146715 people that probably went getting this
OshQBzq574g-00572-00146716-00146944 rather people are not reading because if
OshQBzq574g-00573-00146945-00147049 you've been reading if you've been
OshQBzq574g-00574-00147050-00147181 practicing if you've been attending the
OshQBzq574g-00575-00147182-00147415 trail sessions then I mean shouldn't
OshQBzq574g-00576-00147416-00147601 have been hard for you to identify where
OshQBzq574g-00577-00147602-00147763 the comment where the blank line is
OshQBzq574g-00578-00147764-00147961 where is a blank someone points so
OshQBzq574g-00579-00147962-00148207 that's different right don't even know
OshQBzq574g-00580-00148208-00148764 at a blank is but a and then they don't
OshQBzq574g-00581-00148765-00149086 and then we we decided to look at some
OshQBzq574g-00582-00149087-00149410 MIPS instructions specifically our focus
OshQBzq574g-00583-00149411-00149760 I guess at the very beginning was on
OshQBzq574g-00584-00149761-00150178 arithmetic operations right and system
OshQBzq574g-00585-00150179-00150511 calls right and we mention we made
OshQBzq574g-00586-00150512-00150700 mention of the fact that we didn't
OshQBzq574g-00587-00150701-00150919 discuss all the system cause associated
OshQBzq574g-00588-00150920-00151132 with MIPS but just a few select system
OshQBzq574g-00589-00151133-00151312 calls like for instance we didn't look
OshQBzq574g-00590-00151313-00151528 at how you get to read a character or
OshQBzq574g-00591-00151529-00151801 print a character read adabo read
OshQBzq574g-00592-00151802-00151990 they're flawed write or print them out
OshQBzq574g-00593-00151991-00152182 because it turns out that the process
OshQBzq574g-00594-00152183-00152389 that you follow for you to be able to do
OshQBzq574g-00595-00152390-00152528 all those different things is different
OshQBzq574g-00596-00152529-00152743 from when you're working with an integer
OshQBzq574g-00597-00152744-00153065 for instance or a string
OshQBzq574g-00598-00153066-00153248 but but the key thing here is at least
OshQBzq574g-00599-00153249-00153485 when it comes to system causes each
OshQBzq574g-00600-00153486-00153848 particular service that you request from
OshQBzq574g-00601-00153849-00154255 the operating system has a specified
OshQBzq574g-00602-00154256-00154475 list of steps that you have to follow
OshQBzq574g-00603-00154476-00154673 for you to perform or to request that
OshQBzq574g-00604-00154674-00154802 service like for instance if it's
OshQBzq574g-00605-00154803-00155006 printing a string you know that the
OshQBzq574g-00606-00155007-00155324 first thing you have to do is specify
OshQBzq574g-00607-00155325-00155633 the system core code right and then you
OshQBzq574g-00608-00155634-00155942 specify the register where that string
OshQBzq574g-00609-00155943-00156230 is sitting in memory and then boom your
OshQBzq574g-00610-00156231-00156458 issue Cisco and then you print your
OshQBzq574g-00611-00156459-00157004 integer and then try to wrap up on I
OshQBzq574g-00612-00157005-00157238 guess assembly language programming we
OshQBzq574g-00613-00157239-00157517 just had a discussion of looping
OshQBzq574g-00614-00157518-00157709 constructs or loops or implement loops
OshQBzq574g-00615-00157710-00158384 procedures and and and branch branch
OshQBzq574g-00616-00158385-00158699 constructs right so how do we divide
OshQBzq574g-00617-00158700-00158915 program through all bearing in mind that
OshQBzq574g-00618-00158916-00159170 the default execution is from top to
OshQBzq574g-00619-00159171-00159302 bottom right
OshQBzq574g-00620-00159303-00159554 those branch conditions we discuss and
OshQBzq574g-00621-00159555-00159731 conditional branching and conditional
OshQBzq574g-00622-00159732-00160331 branching give an example of a J format
OshQBzq574g-00623-00160332-00161045 instruction be VD P is not even it's
OshQBzq574g-00624-00161046-00161183 none of those things because it's a
OshQBzq574g-00625-00161184-00161727 pseudo instruction
OshQBzq574g-00626-00161728-00161986 and the funny thing some people have
OshQBzq574g-00627-00161987-00162217 been failing to give examples when the
OshQBzq574g-00628-00162218-00162466 answers were at the end I don't
OshQBzq574g-00629-00162467-00162607 understand this answers we're at the end
OshQBzq574g-00630-00162608-00163093 right go out there okay and then I guess
OshQBzq574g-00631-00163094-00163225 this is this is again one of those
OshQBzq574g-00632-00163226-00163387 really important topics that we've
OshQBzq574g-00633-00163388-00163633 covered so that are encoding exactly how
OshQBzq574g-00634-00163634-00163873 how are these different types of data
OshQBzq574g-00635-00163874-00164077 that we get to work with how they encode
OshQBzq574g-00636-00164078-00164332 it so that human beings are able to
OshQBzq574g-00637-00164333-00164686 interpret the data that's encoded and if
OshQBzq574g-00638-00164687-00164890 we're to send them for processing how
OshQBzq574g-00639-00164891-00165157 exactly does a computer get to I guess
OshQBzq574g-00640-00165158-00165415 decode that information that's encoded
OshQBzq574g-00641-00165416-00165667 in a certain format right so we focused
OshQBzq574g-00642-00165668-00165930 on the fundamentals really textual data
OshQBzq574g-00643-00165931-00166251 we looked at sound we looked at images
OshQBzq574g-00644-00166252-00166558 and colors really because images are for
OshQBzq574g-00645-00166559-00166693 the most part made up of columns right
OshQBzq574g-00646-00166694-00166891 so we we now know right when you're
OshQBzq574g-00647-00166892-00167002 working with the phone when you're
OshQBzq574g-00648-00167003-00167149 sending a file you know exactly how that
OshQBzq574g-00649-00167150-00167413 data in the file was encoded and you
OshQBzq574g-00650-00167414-00167629 know that behind the scenes it's nothing
OshQBzq574g-00651-00167630-00168153 more than a stream of ones and zeros no
OshQBzq574g-00652-00168154-00168572 it's not
OshQBzq574g-00653-00168573-00169193 [Music]
OshQBzq574g-00654-00169194-00169668 the electric current is inside to how a
OshQBzq574g-00655-00169669-00169872 computer processes that information
OshQBzq574g-00656-00169873-00170082 encoding on the information has nothing
OshQBzq574g-00657-00170083-00170418 to do with it currently encoding is just
OshQBzq574g-00658-00170419-00170675 how we are representing the information
OshQBzq574g-00659-00170676-00170880 like think about it from the perspective
OshQBzq574g-00660-00170881-00171252 of how data is encoded on a CD you are
OshQBzq574g-00661-00171253-00171477 including it in in in a way in which the
OshQBzq574g-00662-00171478-00171624 computer will be able to interpret it as
OshQBzq574g-00663-00171625-00171978 flow of current or note 1 or 0 so how do
OshQBzq574g-00664-00171979-00172857 we do it in a on a CD pitch yeah yeah or
OshQBzq574g-00665-00172858-00173037 picks and trusts or something whatever I
OshQBzq574g-00666-00173038-00173367 want so you use laser to just if it's a
OshQBzq574g-00667-00173368-00173598 if it's a 0 then you probably burn that
OshQBzq574g-00668-00173599-00173838 portion of the city if it's a 1 you
OshQBzq574g-00669-00173839-00174051 don't so that as you are reading you
OshQBzq574g-00670-00174052-00174462 able to you to associate the the peak as
OshQBzq574g-00671-00174463-00174843 as maybe a zero or yeah is zero and the
OshQBzq574g-00672-00174844-00175465 trough as a one that's all right
OshQBzq574g-00673-00175466-00175841 okay so we understand this which is good
OshQBzq574g-00674-00175842-00176206 and in fact we're an appreciation oh
OshQBzq574g-00675-00176207-00176468 this thing here when you see you now
OshQBzq574g-00676-00176469-00176708 know that when you're working with an I
OshQBzq574g-00677-00176709-00176963 guess a software application for
OshQBzq574g-00678-00176964-00177164 manipulating images and you're playing
OshQBzq574g-00679-00177165-00177305 around with colors whenever you see
OshQBzq574g-00680-00177306-00177641 something like FFF 0 0 you know that
OshQBzq574g-00681-00177642-00177919 this is one way of representing colors
OshQBzq574g-00682-00177920-00178142 in hexadecimal format
OshQBzq574g-00683-00178143-00178277 why are you able to do this because
OshQBzq574g-00684-00178278-00178499 we're the discussion of hexadecimal
OshQBzq574g-00685-00178500-00178826 number system during our discussion of
OshQBzq574g-00686-00178827-00179240 number representation everything is
OshQBzq574g-00687-00179241-00179456 connected don't take my word for it now
OshQBzq574g-00688-00179457-00179993 you know and then and then we we were
OshQBzq574g-00689-00179994-00180197 interested in seeing exactly what sort
OshQBzq574g-00690-00180198-00180497 of path that instruction follows as its
OshQBzq574g-00691-00180498-00180980 face decoded and executed what sort of
OshQBzq574g-00692-00180981-00181268 path does it follow right how does a
OshQBzq574g-00693-00181269-00181478 computer get to to interpret what it
OshQBzq574g-00694-00181479-00181667 should do right so addressing those
OshQBzq574g-00695-00181668-00181844 three different instruction formats I
OshQBzq574g-00696-00181845-00182105 need to do it MIPS here right those ones
OshQBzq574g-00697-00182106-00182372 and zeroes and for MIPS it's the stream
OshQBzq574g-00698-00182373-00182735 of 32 ones and zeroes what path to be
OshQBzq574g-00699-00182736-00182870 there for depending on what sort of
OshQBzq574g-00700-00182871-00183005 instruction you're working with if it's
OshQBzq574g-00701-00183006-00183170 an odd instruction what hardware
OshQBzq574g-00702-00183171-00183761 component I'm well here's to hoping
OshQBzq574g-00703-00183762-00184027 people understand a very important
OshQBzq574g-00704-00184028-00184757 concept my opinion and this what ones
OshQBzq574g-00705-00184758-00184984 and zeroes now it's very current right
OshQBzq574g-00706-00184985-00185465 and then we we just grossed over I guess
OshQBzq574g-00707-00185466-00185771 an introduction to digital logic logic
OshQBzq574g-00708-00185772-00185933 structures or digital logic gates if you
OshQBzq574g-00709-00185934-00186251 want to claim that essentially to get an
OshQBzq574g-00710-00186252-00186536 appreciation of how these fundamental
OshQBzq574g-00711-00186537-00186689 building blocks the things are calling
OshQBzq574g-00712-00186690-00186947 gates how they are used to build the
OshQBzq574g-00713-00186948-00187106 hardware components that we discussed
OshQBzq574g-00714-00187107-00187535 for the most part in here so how exactly
OshQBzq574g-00715-00187536-00188093 is an ALU constructed using those logic
OshQBzq574g-00716-00188094-00188399 gates because by the way right when
OshQBzq574g-00717-00188400-00188594 someone asks you
OshQBzq574g-00718-00188595-00188681 they are you
OshQBzq574g-00719-00188682-00188977 like it looks like this right and you
OshQBzq574g-00720-00188978-00189316 know this we are obstructing we were
OshQBzq574g-00721-00189317-00189506 obstructing here this is not how an a or
OshQBzq574g-00722-00189507-00189707 you looks like essentially it's
OshQBzq574g-00723-00189708-00189860 implemented using those gates that we
OshQBzq574g-00724-00189861-00190666 discussed and O exclusive all NAND no
OshQBzq574g-00725-00190667-00190849 right note
OshQBzq574g-00726-00190850-00191002 all those different gates are used to
OshQBzq574g-00727-00191003-00191263 construct this thing and in fact it's
OshQBzq574g-00728-00191264-00191657 not like the gate looks like this right
OshQBzq574g-00729-00191658-00191914 it's transistors that you have on your
OshQBzq574g-00730-00191915-00192061 computer system that I used to invent
OshQBzq574g-00731-00192062-00192415 these gates right but of course our
OshQBzq574g-00732-00192416-00192809 interest was not to go beyond the beyond
OshQBzq574g-00733-00192810-00193039 this logical layer here where you get to
OshQBzq574g-00734-00193040-00193199 look at how you you implement these
OshQBzq574g-00735-00193200-00193493 gates but I do encourage you to read up
OshQBzq574g-00736-00193494-00193651 on these things very interesting a while
OshQBzq574g-00737-00193652-00194072 back I I was involved in a in a
OshQBzq574g-00738-00194073-00194362 microcontroller programming course where
OshQBzq574g-00739-00194363-00194827 we actually worked with with with these
OshQBzq574g-00740-00194828-00195274 I guess toy toy components trying to
OshQBzq574g-00741-00195275-00195445 implement some of these things right
OshQBzq574g-00742-00195446-00195707 they do light a lot in engineering and
OshQBzq574g-00743-00195708-00195891 I'm sure they should be like clubs that
OshQBzq574g-00744-00195892-00196078 student clubs that ones will be
OshQBzq574g-00745-00196079-00196286 surprised different in where you can go
OshQBzq574g-00746-00196287-00196493 and play around with these sort of
OshQBzq574g-00747-00196494-00196649 components you know bread boards and
OshQBzq574g-00748-00196650-00197113 things of that nature so so this is not
OshQBzq574g-00749-00197114-00197258 how it looks like but it's just a
OshQBzq574g-00750-00197259-00197653 logical presentation of how I should say
OshQBzq574g-00751-00197654-00197948 this is a boat sorry she didn't say how
OshQBzq574g-00752-00197949-00198391 and the gate looks like right oh is it
OshQBzq574g-00753-00198392-00198560 not I don't know guys
OshQBzq574g-00754-00198561-00198934 so just to remind you right that
OshQBzq574g-00755-00198935-00199213 everything that we covered is a very
OshQBzq574g-00756-00199214-00199496 body resources that we are used for this
OshQBzq574g-00757-00199497-00199682 cause as you are revising for the final
OshQBzq574g-00758-00199683-00199910 example they are variable on the mood or
OshQBzq574g-00759-00199911-00200074 everything if I were you all to
OshQBzq574g-00760-00200075-00200297 redownload things because we made
OshQBzq574g-00761-00200298-00200471 certain changes which we won't make sure
OshQBzq574g-00762-00200472-00200638 that you have an up-to-date copy or up
OshQBzq574g-00763-00200639-00201037 to the copies of these knots there's
OshQBzq574g-00764-00201038-00201187 nothing like the notes say it's about
OshQBzq574g-00765-00201188-00201400 what's true right so everything is on
OshQBzq574g-00766-00201401-00201661 the mood of everything that is on the
OshQBzq574g-00767-00201662-00201790 mood or most of things on the mood on
OshQBzq574g-00768-00201791-00202064 the course webpage
OshQBzq574g-00769-00202065-00202433 and the course webpage can be accessed
OshQBzq574g-00770-00202434-00202862 using a quick response called this you
OshQBzq574g-00771-00202863-00203072 go to the cost we discussed quick
OshQBzq574g-00772-00203073-00203369 response codes right yeah so you can
OshQBzq574g-00773-00203370-00203585 access the notes here although everybody
OshQBzq574g-00774-00203586-00203779 has access to the Moodle so I guess but
OshQBzq574g-00775-00203780-00203912 if you are at home and the Moodle is
OshQBzq574g-00776-00203913-00204103 slow you can just go to the course
OshQBzq574g-00777-00204104-00204229 webpage and boom
OshQBzq574g-00778-00204230-00204365 you'll be able to access the notes yes
OshQBzq574g-00779-00204366-00205090 sir do i disgust by the tutor is in the
OshQBzq574g-00780-00205091-00207123 tutorial keep we're missing classes yes
OshQBzq574g-00781-00207125-00207353 it would be okay fine
OshQBzq574g-00782-00207354-00207707 we shall upload the solution yes I
OshQBzq574g-00783-00207708-00207869 stopped uploading the solutions we shall
OshQBzq574g-00784-00207869-00208034 upload them we apologize if you ain't
OshQBzq574g-00785-00208035-00208334 convenient but don't know why you are
OshQBzq574g-00786-00208335-00208648 saying it now okay and then most of the
OshQBzq574g-00787-00208650-00209032 things right I was using consistently an
OshQBzq574g-00788-00209033-00209354 input device right to record my voice
OshQBzq574g-00789-00209355-00209627 and I was also recording screencasts and
OshQBzq574g-00790-00209628-00209848 I was went out of my way here and I was
OshQBzq574g-00791-00209850-00210083 dumping them on our YouTube playlist all
OshQBzq574g-00792-00210084-00210305 the lectures are recorded almost all of
OshQBzq574g-00793-00210306-00210605 them technical issues like yesterday we
OshQBzq574g-00794-00210606-00210782 had an itch my phone died so I didn't
OshQBzq574g-00795-00210783-00211004 record part of the screencast and also I
OshQBzq574g-00796-00211005-00211463 think this thing is 40 so the sound in
OshQBzq574g-00797-00211464-00211658 segments of the videos is not very clear
OshQBzq574g-00798-00211659-00211898 so but but most of the I think most of
OshQBzq574g-00799-00211898-00212051 the crucial topics that we covered are
OshQBzq574g-00800-00212052-00212284 recorded and archived and in fact we
OshQBzq574g-00801-00212285-00212482 don't know they are out of our way to
OshQBzq574g-00802-00212483-00212717 extract portions of what we thought were
OshQBzq574g-00803-00212717-00212996 important parts of all those lecture
OshQBzq574g-00804-00212996-00213085 sessions so if you're one of those
OshQBzq574g-00805-00213086-00213233 people who's not interested in watching
OshQBzq574g-00806-00213234-00213464 a one-hour long video you can just watch
OshQBzq574g-00807-00213465-00213677 the segments there's no excuse
OshQBzq574g-00808-00213678-00214096 everything is there right the
OshQBzq574g-00809-00214098-00214279 accumulative
OshQBzq574g-00810-00214280-00214583 continuous assessment will be available
OshQBzq574g-00811-00214584-00215066 on or before October 25th and that
OshQBzq574g-00812-00215067-00215171 reminds me
OshQBzq574g-00813-00215171-00215325 quiz
OshQBzq574g-00814-00215326-00215526 is it nineteen be available today at
OshQBzq574g-00815-00215527-00215958 23:59 perhaps together to Chris 20 and
OshQBzq574g-00816-00215959-00216098 then you have enough time to submit it
OshQBzq574g-00817-00216100-00216458 right but an email will be sent out but
OshQBzq574g-00818-00216459-00216765 what you want to do right is ensure that
OshQBzq574g-00819-00216766-00217113 you verify that the scores that appear
OshQBzq574g-00820-00217114-00217500 in your Moodle gradebook match with
OshQBzq574g-00821-00217501-00217821 those on your script if there is any
OshQBzq574g-00822-00217821-00218117 discrepancy you must report so that we
OshQBzq574g-00823-00218119-00218286 fix this because it turns out that the
OshQBzq574g-00824-00218287-00218469 things you are seeing on the more are
OshQBzq574g-00825-00218469-00218594 the things that are going to be used to
OshQBzq574g-00826-00218596-00218889 compile your course grade right you want
OshQBzq574g-00827-00218890-00219173 to make sure this is correct if there's
OshQBzq574g-00828-00219175-00219429 any missing entry fixes have this fixed
OshQBzq574g-00829-00219430-00219837 right then you want to do it before
OshQBzq574g-00830-00219838-00220152 before you realize that all you want a
OshQBzq574g-00831-00220153-00220475 petition and whatnot it takes time right
OshQBzq574g-00832-00220476-00221166 so sorry yes yeah so you notice that the
OshQBzq574g-00833-00221167-00221427 reason this been a delay is because of
OshQBzq574g-00834-00221428-00221655 the confusion them I'm dating time they
OshQBzq574g-00835-00221656-00221877 go through all the cheating cases would
OshQBzq574g-00836-00221878-00222210 be caught for the take home I will find
OshQBzq574g-00837-00222211-00222375 them even if it's the last thing I do
OshQBzq574g-00838-00222376-00222992 before I die I will find
OshQBzq574g-00839-00222992-00223311 take this I take this very seriously
OshQBzq574g-00840-00223312-00223488 right there are certain things that I
OshQBzq574g-00841-00223489-00223713 take very seriously you know if it's if
OshQBzq574g-00842-00223714-00223854 it's something that only affects one
OshQBzq574g-00843-00223855-00224040 individual right I couldn't care less
OshQBzq574g-00844-00224041-00224169 but if it's something that has
OshQBzq574g-00845-00224169-00224448 replications to do like the wider
OshQBzq574g-00846-00224448-00224642 country or something wider universe they
OshQBzq574g-00847-00224644-00224850 take this very seriously and there's
OshQBzq574g-00848-00224851-00225054 nothing I hate more if there are there
OshQBzq574g-00849-00225055-00225203 are very few things I hate in life
OshQBzq574g-00850-00225204-00225735 people that and I always and I
OshQBzq574g-00851-00225736-00225975 always avoid people that cheat I stay
OshQBzq574g-00852-00225976-00226296 away from them because they will you see
OshQBzq574g-00853-00226296-00226437 the moment you associate yourself with
OshQBzq574g-00854-00226438-00226698 someone that cheats people think you
OshQBzq574g-00855-00226698-00227025 cheat even if you're a smart student
OshQBzq574g-00856-00227026-00227321 right the moment like this is me people
OshQBzq574g-00857-00227323-00227463 are different some people forget the
OshQBzq574g-00858-00227464-00227823 moment I realize that you were involved
OshQBzq574g-00859-00227823-00227967 in some sort of more practice I will
OshQBzq574g-00860-00227967-00228180 stay away from you avoid you in fact
OshQBzq574g-00861-00228181-00228494 like the plague like if even beyond the
OshQBzq574g-00862-00228496-00228714 year you know like maybe some big fish
OshQBzq574g-00863-00228715-00228906 and I won't be able to avoid you but I
OshQBzq574g-00864-00228907-00229128 will avoid you as much as I can
OshQBzq574g-00865-00229129-00229257 because I don't want to be associated
OshQBzq574g-00866-00229258-00229413 you see the moment you sort of seasoning
OshQBzq574g-00867-00229414-00229530 yourself with someone that cheats people
OshQBzq574g-00868-00229531-00229686 I think that you're part of that right I
OshQBzq574g-00869-00229687-00229857 remember we had sitting lecturers that
OshQBzq574g-00870-00229858-00229998 would associate with people that we
OshQBzq574g-00871-00229998-00230196 thought were if when I was a student and
OshQBzq574g-00872-00230196-00230466 my interpretation of that lecture also
OshQBzq574g-00873-00230467-00231121 chose a person was a bit of that
OshQBzq574g-00874-00231123-00231441 suspicious individual you know what I'm
OshQBzq574g-00875-00231442-00231719 talking about the person who who is not
OshQBzq574g-00876-00231721-00232029 straight in his ways right I don't want
OshQBzq574g-00877-00232030-00232323 to be that person why just because I
OshQBzq574g-00878-00232323-00232544 choose not to be right so here's the
OshQBzq574g-00879-00232546-00232806 thing right there the final exam is
OshQBzq574g-00880-00232807-00233246 three hours long and it will consist of
OshQBzq574g-00881-00233248-00233610 everything we've covered you want to go
OshQBzq574g-00882-00233611-00233877 through like I said the nodes and and
OshQBzq574g-00883-00233878-00234078 the tutorial questions you want to
OshQBzq574g-00884-00234079-00234837 revise the tests and then typically has
OshQBzq574g-00885-00234838-00235038 two sections section a is compulsory
OshQBzq574g-00886-00235039-00235155 right so you have questions that are
OshQBzq574g-00887-00235156-00235287 composited whether I like it or not you
OshQBzq574g-00888-00235288-00235476 have to answer them or you don't have to
OshQBzq574g-00889-00235477-00235621 answer them but they count towards the
OshQBzq574g-00890-00235623-00235898 grading right and then section B is is
OshQBzq574g-00891-00235898-00236148 optional so give you an
OshQBzq574g-00892-00236150-00236569 last year Section B had four questions
OshQBzq574g-00893-00236569-00236709 and then your adoption to choose two out
OshQBzq574g-00894-00236710-00236950 of the four and which was good people
OshQBzq574g-00895-00236951-00237210 right they avoided only one is it only
OshQBzq574g-00896-00237211-00237373 one or two people I said this question
OshQBzq574g-00897-00237373-00237606 how simple these things right by the
OshQBzq574g-00898-00237607-00237730 ways is a fool other we discussed
OshQBzq574g-00899-00237731-00238015 yesterday right I'm pretty much instead
OshQBzq574g-00900-00238016-00238458 the name of the logic gates right yeah
OshQBzq574g-00901-00238459-00239152 it was s get it suppose we kids does
OshQBzq574g-00902-00239153-00239629 this thing do you think is there such a
OshQBzq574g-00903-00239630-00239805 thing as what is there when I talk about
OshQBzq574g-00904-00239806-00240190 logic gates one of such things right if
OshQBzq574g-00905-00240191-00240415 I were you and I mean the exam and
OshQBzq574g-00906-00240416-00240541 you're confused instead of wasting time
OshQBzq574g-00907-00240542-00240867 what is he asking him raise up your hand
OshQBzq574g-00908-00240869-00241213 and then ask you allowed to do that by
OshQBzq574g-00909-00241214-00241467 the way you allowed to raise up your
OshQBzq574g-00910-00241469-00241758 hand on us yes don't understand the
OshQBzq574g-00911-00241759-00241977 question nobody there's nothing wrong
OshQBzq574g-00912-00241978-00242266 what's wrong with that there are times
OshQBzq574g-00913-00242267-00242398 when if you're going through the
OshQBzq574g-00914-00242398-00242623 questions at times when a question might
OshQBzq574g-00915-00242623-00242748 have a mistake
OshQBzq574g-00916-00242748-00243132 it happens which is why when you're
OshQBzq574g-00917-00243133-00243396 writing that final exam the course
OshQBzq574g-00918-00243398-00243681 coordinator so is there as part of the
OshQBzq574g-00919-00243682-00243814 team that's invigorating
OshQBzq574g-00920-00243815-00246032 precisely for that reason yes
OshQBzq574g-00921-00246033-00246288 no I think I think my response was that
OshQBzq574g-00922-00246289-00246531 because the question that you were
OshQBzq574g-00923-00246532-00246783 wanting to ask for the test right and
OshQBzq574g-00924-00246784-00246933 the test is a special case in this case
OshQBzq574g-00925-00246934-00247223 because I have to run across two venues
OshQBzq574g-00926-00247225-00247503 which is a bit weird that's changing but
OshQBzq574g-00927-00247504-00247716 for if you notice right four questions
OshQBzq574g-00928-00247717-00248037 that I I knew we're not very clear out
OshQBzq574g-00929-00248038-00248187 make an announcement in most of these
OshQBzq574g-00930-00248188-00248406 tests right especially those where you
OshQBzq574g-00931-00248407-00248567 have numerous people asking questions
OshQBzq574g-00932-00248569-00248955 but for for four questions where I know
OshQBzq574g-00933-00248956-00249192 that it's just a case of you being
OshQBzq574g-00934-00249192-00249342 unable to understand maybe you're being
OshQBzq574g-00935-00249342-00250346 confusing the example just said yeah
OshQBzq574g-00936-00250346-00250659 yeah I apologize for that if that's the
OshQBzq574g-00937-00250660-00251691 case which question was that why do exam
OshQBzq574g-00938-00251692-00251898 right in the final exam because you are
OshQBzq574g-00939-00251898-00252036 in the same venue that's not going to
OshQBzq574g-00940-00252037-00252306 have to you all sit in the same venue by
OshQBzq574g-00941-00252307-00252711 the way so Oh sometimes you're split up
OshQBzq574g-00942-00252712-00252906 I guess if there's an issue they news I
OshQBzq574g-00943-00252907-00253065 guess in which case the person
OshQBzq574g-00944-00253066-00253317 individual a team come and call the
OshQBzq574g-00945-00253317-00253446 course coordinator today the question
OshQBzq574g-00946-00253446-00255023 can you come down yeah
OshQBzq574g-00947-00255023-00255348 there's always a there's always the
OshQBzq574g-00948-00255348-00255584 query session the people marking Winamac
OshQBzq574g-00949-00255585-00255767 in London today is marking we are human
OshQBzq574g-00950-00255769-00255978 beings sometimes we make mistakes the
OshQBzq574g-00951-00255979-00256130 people that in numerous people that have
OshQBzq574g-00952-00256131-00256367 come up their query sessions always tell
OshQBzq574g-00953-00256369-00256580 you after these things are marked the
OshQBzq574g-00954-00256581-00256737 query session come and see me on Friday
OshQBzq574g-00955-00256738-00257048 if you have a consent my complaint today
OshQBzq574g-00956-00257050-00257205 someone came through although I almost
OshQBzq574g-00957-00257206-00257328 did that tend to them but they came
OshQBzq574g-00958-00257329-00257523 through told me you didn't Matt please
OshQBzq574g-00959-00257523-00257790 know is a genuine case they got a map
OshQBzq574g-00960-00257791-00258332 for that so if you are if you find
OshQBzq574g-00961-00258333-00258540 yourself in a situation where you quote
OshQBzq574g-00962-00258541-00258713 unquote
OshQBzq574g-00963-00258714-00258951 provided the right solution but you are
OshQBzq574g-00964-00258952-00259365 not wrong you come and complain little
OshQBzq574g-00965-00259366-00259682 people have come comfort but but in some
OshQBzq574g-00966-00259683-00259926 instances you think that it's a correct
OshQBzq574g-00967-00259927-00260169 answer but you're not answering the
OshQBzq574g-00968-00260169-00260684 question what is your name I am from the
OshQBzq574g-00969-00260685-00260948 eastern part of the country yeah shower
OshQBzq574g-00970-00260950-00261078 item from the eastern part of the
OshQBzq574g-00971-00261079-00261315 country which is located near Malawi
OshQBzq574g-00972-00261316-00261528 whoa what you're saying is correct but
OshQBzq574g-00973-00261529-00261639 are you answering the question you're
OshQBzq574g-00974-00261640-00261819 not right you're not going to get much
OshQBzq574g-00975-00261819-00261935 for that thing you know what I'm talking
OshQBzq574g-00976-00261936-00262197 about right answer read and understand
OshQBzq574g-00977-00262198-00262347 the question and then provide the
OshQBzq574g-00978-00262348-00262599 correct solution you get much for
OshQBzq574g-00979-00262600-00262841 providing the correct solution
OshQBzq574g-00980-00262842-00263824 associated with the question yes
OshQBzq574g-00981-00263825-00264038 you know you get the mark I mean I
OshQBzq574g-00982-00264039-00264329 listen if it's it's up to you to write
OshQBzq574g-00983-00264330-00264578 half a page for a Christian that's with
OshQBzq574g-00984-00264579-00264776 one mark and some people do this you get
OshQBzq574g-00985-00264777-00265022 the mark if you want you can go around
OshQBzq574g-00986-00265023-00265220 in circles but as long as and it would
OshQBzq574g-00987-00265221-00265358 be red oval it's extra weight for the
OshQBzq574g-00988-00265359-00265538 piece of marking right we read that and
OshQBzq574g-00989-00265539-00265919 you didn't mark and you you were I think
OshQBzq574g-00990-00265920-00266030 you've not some of you have noticed that
OshQBzq574g-00991-00266031-00266249 when I'm marking how close are parts
OshQBzq574g-00992-00266250-00266450 that I know I relevant on a marking I'm
OshQBzq574g-00993-00266451-00266627 trying to remind you to say the next
OshQBzq574g-00994-00266628-00266753 time you're answering a question similar
OshQBzq574g-00995-00266754-00266897 to this this is all garbage it's
OshQBzq574g-00996-00266898-00267086 irrelevant don't waste your time focus
OshQBzq574g-00997-00267087-00267356 on the more important thing right it's
OshQBzq574g-00998-00267357-00267545 funny you can write if you want to and I
OshQBzq574g-00999-00267546-00267773 don't know why you won't write half a
OshQBzq574g-01000-00267774-00267974 page write one or zero point five months
OshQBzq574g-01001-00267975-00269744 half a page what are you doing no this
OshQBzq574g-01002-00269745-00270005 is the audio break expression so what
OshQBzq574g-01003-00270006-00270182 what sort of algebraic expression is
OshQBzq574g-01004-00270183-00270656 associated with this gate right so is it
OshQBzq574g-01005-00270657-00270989 is it is it is it supposed to be is it
OshQBzq574g-01006-00270990-00271487 supposed to be e s is equal to ya and
OshQBzq574g-01007-00271488-00271768 then the truth table is that table right
OshQBzq574g-01008-00271769-00272517 so two different questions yes
OshQBzq574g-01009-00272518-00273631 what no that's different so it's you can
OshQBzq574g-01010-00273632-00273820 raise your hand but you see the response
OshQBzq574g-01011-00273821-00274174 would probably be that usually my
OshQBzq574g-01012-00274175-00274321 response and their numerous such cases
OshQBzq574g-01013-00274322-00274540 by the way like last year my response is
OshQBzq574g-01014-00274541-00274918 always that's part of the exam no
OshQBzq574g-01015-00274919-00275215 seriously they're people that maybe just
OshQBzq574g-01016-00275216-00275407 black out and you're confused and just
OshQBzq574g-01017-00275408-00275847 say this is part of the exam right okay
OshQBzq574g-01018-00275848-00276258 guys I just wanted to mention that we
OshQBzq574g-01019-00276259-00276403 are not perfect I'm certainly not
OshQBzq574g-01020-00276404-00276619 perfect I wish I was like the Pope or
OshQBzq574g-01021-00276620-00276895 Jesus Christ but but I'm not perfect
OshQBzq574g-01022-00276896-00277162 right and so there are things that we
OshQBzq574g-01023-00277163-00277306 could have done better in the cause I
OshQBzq574g-01024-00277307-00277930 know this there's a university wise they
OshQBzq574g-01025-00277931-00278395 invest wide exercise that involves
OshQBzq574g-01026-00278396-00278680 eliciting student evaluations I've only
OshQBzq574g-01027-00278681-00278863 seen I think one person has responded to
OshQBzq574g-01028-00278864-00279132 the evaluation thank you very much it
OshQBzq574g-01029-00279133-00279522 became available today I midnight sorry
OshQBzq574g-01030-00279523-00280252 what no this is anonymous I see the
OshQBzq574g-01031-00280253-00280525 response but I don't know who sent it so
OshQBzq574g-01032-00280526-00280732 you can write you can insult me if you
OshQBzq574g-01033-00280733-00280942 want to but hey you will burn in hell
OshQBzq574g-01034-00280943-00281142 right but
OshQBzq574g-01035-00281143-00281892 or insulting - that's important right
OshQBzq574g-01036-00281893-00282165 what's important is for you to be as
OshQBzq574g-01037-00282166-00282420 honest as you can so if you think
OshQBzq574g-01038-00282421-00282621 certain aspects of the evaluation you'll
OshQBzq574g-01039-00282622-00283229 find things like like explanation of
OshQBzq574g-01040-00283230-00283376 course objectives at the beginning of
OshQBzq574g-01041-00283377-00283655 the course if this if you think that
OshQBzq574g-01042-00283656-00283853 this was very poor we just take very
OshQBzq574g-01043-00283854-00284129 poor but don't do this is because you
OshQBzq574g-01044-00284130-00284538 put no marks and you like you know it's
OshQBzq574g-01045-00284539-00284729 this is meant to improve right so that
OshQBzq574g-01046-00284730-00285152 next year I'm better at this right and I
OshQBzq574g-01047-00285153-00285315 know that people that do that right and
OshQBzq574g-01048-00285316-00286382 so it turns out that the more the more
OshQBzq574g-01049-00286383-00286778 responses we get the I think the more
OshQBzq574g-01050-00286779-00286982 accurate the interpretation of this
OshQBzq574g-01051-00286983-00287156 thing is going to be right even if there
OshQBzq574g-01052-00287157-00287384 are people that will you just take very
OshQBzq574g-01053-00287385-00287517 good very good very good but we are
OshQBzq574g-01054-00287518-00287780 looking at the average responses right
OshQBzq574g-01055-00287781-00288018 let's just look at like scale so please
OshQBzq574g-01056-00288019-00288189 do this is really this is extremely
OshQBzq574g-01057-00288190-00288380 important it's optional of course again
OshQBzq574g-01058-00288381-00288731 this is anonymous no one will know that
OshQBzq574g-01059-00288732-00289102 it is you so don't think that
OshQBzq574g-01060-00289103-00289580 no it's anonymous but I can swear before
OshQBzq574g-01061-00289581-00289781 God but I don't know if you trust me but
OshQBzq574g-01062-00289782-00290000 it's a nun matter to us this is
OshQBzq574g-01063-00290001-00290369 anonymous flow and I'm serious I mean
OshQBzq574g-01064-00290370-00290507 let me show you one of the responses
OshQBzq574g-01065-00290508-00291512 that came through today in a blood my
OshQBzq574g-01066-00291513-00292748 name is force were you yeah do you know
OshQBzq574g-01067-00292749-00292994 why it's done through the Moodle it's
OshQBzq574g-01068-00292995-00293150 possible for me to just go and hire
OshQBzq574g-01069-00293151-00293351 people at the market or at the bus
OshQBzq574g-01070-00293352-00293546 station say log in here and then just
OshQBzq574g-01071-00293547-00293732 check in very good very good very good
OshQBzq574g-01072-00293733-00293918 it's done on the Moodle because you want
OshQBzq574g-01073-00293919-00294080 the people that are registered for this
OshQBzq574g-01074-00294081-00294872 course to provide feedback no let me
OshQBzq574g-01075-00294873-00295244 show you just now you don't do this is I
OshQBzq574g-01076-00295245-00295529 talked about educational technology just
OshQBzq574g-01077-00295530-00295739 now there were such tools like the mood
OshQBzq574g-01078-00295740-00295880 I implemented what sort of factors you
OshQBzq574g-01079-00295881-00296054 take into account detail turns out the
OshQBzq574g-01080-00296055-00296231 classic case of a piece of educational
OshQBzq574g-01081-00296232-00296446 technology right for administering
OshQBzq574g-01082-00296447-00296882 learning activities and whatnot but it's
OshQBzq574g-01083-00296883-00297242 anonymous it is anonymous no I don't
OshQBzq574g-01084-00297243-00297310 know who you are
OshQBzq574g-01085-00297311-00297623 look at this no not the administrator
OshQBzq574g-01086-00297624-00297818 you haven't been paying attention of you
OshQBzq574g-01087-00297819-00298100 I kept I told you from the onset I'm not
OshQBzq574g-01088-00298101-00298349 an admin I only have certain privilege
OshQBzq574g-01089-00298350-00298757 setting things that allow me to to the
OshQBzq574g-01090-00298758-00299104 people have administered e-sign see ICT
OshQBzq574g-01091-00299105-00299541 no not even they can it's anonymized
OshQBzq574g-01092-00299542-00299809 so I'll give you an example you see you
OshQBzq574g-01093-00299810-00299980 see this thing that says a new
OshQBzq574g-01094-00299981-00300175 questionnaire submission this is what I
OshQBzq574g-01095-00300176-00301042 see oh let me just I don't know if
OshQBzq574g-01096-00301043-00302023 people can see this no you see this it
OshQBzq574g-01097-00302024-00302269 just shows me it just shows me these
OshQBzq574g-01098-00302270-00302446 details but I don't know who same goes
OshQBzq574g-01099-00302447-00302581 in through this questionnaire here this
OshQBzq574g-01100-00302582-00302995 response right so this person just
OshQBzq574g-01101-00302996-00303343 provided my details here on the question
OshQBzq574g-01102-00303344-00303546 four let's see what they said right
OshQBzq574g-01103-00303547-00303766 explanation of course structure very
OshQBzq574g-01104-00303767-00304569 good thank you very much
OshQBzq574g-01105-00304570-00304789 ability to explain your concept this
OshQBzq574g-01106-00304790-00304993 person thinks is this good but what's
OshQBzq574g-01107-00304994-00305212 interesting was the way you know this
OshQBzq574g-01108-00305213-00305437 was it will be severe you know this was
OshQBzq574g-01109-00305438-00305736 it this is subjective by the way you see
OshQBzq574g-01110-00305737-00306013 your interpretation of whether my
OshQBzq574g-01111-00306014-00306184 explanation of new concepts was food is
OshQBzq574g-01112-00306185-00306412 based on you as an individual you might
OshQBzq574g-01113-00306413-00306682 think I was good or bad right but the
OshQBzq574g-01114-00306683-00306832 thing is we are looking for the average
OshQBzq574g-01115-00306833-00307144 so if more people say he is bad or very
OshQBzq574g-01116-00307145-00307672 bad than you know its part I think they
OshQBzq574g-01117-00307673-00307873 should be fairness if you notice here
OshQBzq574g-01118-00307874-00308320 right this was
OshQBzq574g-01119-00308321-00308704 clearly turn which is fine and me right
OshQBzq574g-01120-00308705-00308996 even though this plans by the Quality
OshQBzq574g-01121-00308997-00309167 Assurance Department for me I'm
OshQBzq574g-01122-00309168-00309344 interested in these which is why I
OshQBzq574g-01123-00309345-00309505 configured it in such a way that these
OshQBzq574g-01124-00309506-00309649 responses are sent to me I'm interested
OshQBzq574g-01125-00309650-00309973 in this because and to look at but I
OshQBzq574g-01126-00309974-00310474 don't score as bulldoze so to say I'm
OshQBzq574g-01127-00310475-00310688 not good at providing feedback on wakes
OshQBzq574g-01128-00310689-00310868 up then I'll try as much as possible
OshQBzq574g-01129-00310869-00311216 next year to improve on this why this
OshQBzq574g-01130-00311217-00312266 isn't you might think we are crossing
OshQBzq574g-01131-00312267-00312631 paths right so please and then there'll
OshQBzq574g-01132-00312632-00312835 be a separate valuation which won't be
OshQBzq574g-01133-00312836-00313145 anonymous things and how this particular
OshQBzq574g-01134-00313146-00313357 this is for me but the Saudi this is for
OshQBzq574g-01135-00313358-00313597 me this is for runes are right
OshQBzq574g-01136-00313598-00314065 apparently the promotion and evaluations
OshQBzq574g-01137-00314066-00314462 so if a person is battle won't get
OshQBzq574g-01138-00314463-00314612 points to be promoted
OshQBzq574g-01139-00314613-00315280 go figure if you are don't have access
OshQBzq574g-01140-00315281-00315443 the program document a lot of exciting
OshQBzq574g-01141-00315444-00315692 things next year I do know that you've
OshQBzq574g-01142-00315693-00315965 been tracking with playa' where IP era
OshQBzq574g-01143-00315966-00316147 is the colleague of mine will be taking
OshQBzq574g-01144-00316148-00316378 you in computer programming this is a we
OshQBzq574g-01145-00316379-00316735 alone cause then you also do a bit of
OshQBzq574g-01146-00316736-00316948 computer much most of what we did in
OshQBzq574g-01147-00316949-00317122 boolean algebra is coming back which is
OshQBzq574g-01148-00317123-00317275 why I did mention that I was blowing
OshQBzq574g-01149-00317276-00317404 over things that you're gonna cover in
OshQBzq574g-01150-00317405-00317550 computer or computational mathematics
OshQBzq574g-01151-00317551-00317857 this is first semester and then in the
OshQBzq574g-01152-00317858-00318038 second semi sis's they have half course
OshQBzq574g-01153-00318039-00318293 so do it in just team one and then in
OshQBzq574g-01154-00318294-00318572 term two year okay formation security
OshQBzq574g-01155-00318573-00319022 and then this is tagged as a perfect
OshQBzq574g-01156-00319023-00319163 library information science because it's
OshQBzq574g-01157-00319164-00319620 a department cause
OshQBzq574g-01158-00319621-00319956 this is a research method school mm hope
OshQBzq574g-01159-00319957-00320323 you want to party
OshQBzq574g-01160-00320324-00320559 in fourth year you get waken like a coy
OshQBzq574g-01161-00320560-00320928 capstone project and you expected to use
OshQBzq574g-01162-00320929-00321169 some of the things introduced here pay
OshQBzq574g-01163-00321170-00321603 attention right all they think sticks a
OshQBzq574g-01164-00321604-00321726 statistical test that you have to
OshQBzq574g-01165-00321727-00321960 perform and whatnot descriptive
OshQBzq574g-01166-00321961-00322144 statistic you know how you design
OshQBzq574g-01167-00322145-00322342 surveys how are you how do you design
OshQBzq574g-01168-00322343-00322658 something like this and what sort of
OshQBzq574g-01169-00322659-00322935 elements or items include to measure
OshQBzq574g-01170-00322936-00323098 matrix change the Dean you learn how to
OshQBzq574g-01171-00323099-00323173 do those things
OshQBzq574g-01172-00323174-00323392 come on if you're curious as to us
OshQBzq574g-01173-00323393-00323692 happening pretty interesting stuff as
OshQBzq574g-01174-00323693-00323920 well I mean you get to look at I think
OshQBzq574g-01175-00323921-00324043 there's a database and web technologies
OshQBzq574g-01176-00324044-00324415 cause this is how this area is by the
OshQBzq574g-01177-00324416-00324541 way if you're going to do something in
OshQBzq574g-01178-00324542-00324874 one moon telling you it's an implicit
OshQBzq574g-01179-00324875-00325053 signal to say this is an important area
OshQBzq574g-01180-00325054-00325407 right when I was a student myself around
OshQBzq574g-01181-00325408-00325677 graduate student I only did two database
OshQBzq574g-01182-00325678-00326044 courses but guess what after graduating
OshQBzq574g-01183-00326045-00326314 I spent annex waking a zit database
OshQBzq574g-01184-00326315-00326529 administrator my entire life revolved
OshQBzq574g-01185-00326530-00326835 around working with this specialized
OshQBzq574g-01186-00326836-00326944 piece of software
OshQBzq574g-01187-00326945-00327241 Cody paribus that's what I did I woke up
OshQBzq574g-01188-00327242-00327469 in the morning I went to three
OshQBzq574g-01189-00327470-00327772 televisions right upgrade operation
OshQBzq574g-01190-00327773-00328015 maintenance right they paid me quite
OshQBzq574g-01191-00328016-00328294 well how do you that they became boring
OshQBzq574g-01192-00328295-00328567 you trying to say is trying to say is
OshQBzq574g-01193-00328568-00328839 this is an important area right
OshQBzq574g-01194-00328840-00329092 everybody works with data now right that
OshQBzq574g-01195-00329093-00329253 data has to be stored somewhere usually
OshQBzq574g-01196-00329254-00329499 it's in the database right um and then
OshQBzq574g-01197-00329500-00329746 you get to learn I guess or to develop
OshQBzq574g-01198-00329747-00329910 web applications so if you're curious as
OshQBzq574g-01199-00329911-00330249 to how the role can be implemented to
OshQBzq574g-01200-00330250-00330568 blend this here right and you can only
OshQBzq574g-01201-00330569-00330924 learn how to develop web applications if
OshQBzq574g-01202-00330925-00331251 you learn the fundamentals everything is
OshQBzq574g-01203-00331252-00331608 connected mother sign father one more
OshQBzq574g-01204-00331609-00331765 time
OshQBzq574g-01205-00331766-00332098 and then guys I want to encourage to pay
OshQBzq574g-01206-00332099-00332443 back your attention to this most of
OshQBzq574g-01207-00332444-00332745 what's going to be covered here is
OshQBzq574g-01208-00332746-00332962 technologies that you can use to be an
OshQBzq574g-01209-00332963-00333453 effective teacher like light one right
OshQBzq574g-01210-00333454-00333991 yeah boy I mean I know I'm annoying I'm
OshQBzq574g-01211-00333992-00334213 going to run into that oh yeah yeah I
OshQBzq574g-01212-00334214-00334578 know but I mean take no hugs right is
OshQBzq574g-01213-00334579-00334942 out right end up are teaching like right
OshQBzq574g-01214-00334943-00335256 into that the environment has changed
OshQBzq574g-01215-00335257-00335559 right is no joke on board and permanent
OshQBzq574g-01216-00335560-00335917 markers right you know geez if you put
OshQBzq574g-01217-00335918-00336271 in most of these fine kids routine you
OshQBzq574g-01218-00336272-00336439 know those tablets fancy tablets and if
OshQBzq574g-01219-00336440-00337167 you know how to fix this which is bad I
OshQBzq574g-01220-00337168-00337482 don't know how to send email you write
OshQBzq574g-01221-00337483-00337666 the body in the subject right because
OshQBzq574g-01222-00337667-00338277 you ain't think how are you okay I think
OshQBzq574g-01223-00338278-00338626 take the ball those of you that are
OshQBzq574g-01224-00338627-00338794 interested in this you get to go and do
OshQBzq574g-01225-00338795-00339750 squee experiencing I'll take this no
OshQBzq574g-01226-00339751-00340557 this is Magna tree it's it's mandatory
OshQBzq574g-01227-00340558-00342540 because it's part of
OshQBzq574g-01228-00342541-00342816 anything so much money finding people to
OshQBzq574g-01229-00342817-00343076 do this not just here the report CPU the
OshQBzq574g-01230-00343077-00343880 people at z-coordinate there is are
OshQBzq574g-01232-00358153-00360190 of different things here you think that
OshQBzq574g-01233-00360191-00360343 you think is not going to be polluted by
OshQBzq574g-01234-00360344-00360619 many people an area that you think very
OshQBzq574g-01235-00360620-00362425 few people get into that way when start
OshQBzq574g-01236-00362426-00362560 asking you trivial things and you see
OshQBzq574g-01237-00362561-00362989 that it's tricky because you did the
OshQBzq574g-01238-00362990-00363399 becoming and paying your money Hopson
OshQBzq574g-01239-00363400-00364184 sorry
OshQBzq574g-01240-00364185-00364647 six seven eight nine ten eleven core at
OshQBzq574g-01242-00369575-00370772 fight
OshQBzq574g-01243-00370773-00371283 come on
OshQBzq574g-01244-00371284-00371691 how you can take advantage of these
OshQBzq574g-01245-00371692-00373246 people but
OshQBzq574g-01246-00373247-00373348 I told you to stay away from those
OshQBzq574g-01248-00386620-00388216 you
OshQBzq574g-01249-00388217-00388418 if you want to be a sounding here or
OshQBzq574g-01250-00388419-00388600 whatever the call and so to develop
OshQBzq574g-01251-00388601-00389260 expertise in that area between the
OshQBzq574g-01252-00389261-00389672 theater and knowledge and information
OshQBzq574g-01253-00389673-00390343 based society pushing in funding to this
OshQBzq574g-01254-00390344-00390620 they are laying fiber throughout the
OshQBzq574g-01255-00390621-00391247 country right so me nobody in compute
OshQBzq574g-01256-00391248-00391544 engine so don't think that it's just
OshQBzq574g-01257-00391545-00391790 teaching teaching is nice light on chose
OshQBzq574g-01258-00391791-00392345 teaching sometimes oof and queries from
OshQBzq574g-01259-00392346-00392524 students right hand ring cheating
OshQBzq574g-01260-00392525-00392792 classes Academy the Sun is so not easy
OshQBzq574g-01261-00392793-00393103 at all right it turns out you need some
OshQBzq574g-01262-00393104-00393433 people to do and someone comes in and
OshQBzq574g-01263-00393434-00393667 they look like the outside and you
OshQBzq574g-01264-00393668-00393907 commit suicide as I don't choose it's
OshQBzq574g-01265-00393908-00394276 just life this is anything in life can
OshQBzq574g-01266-00394277-00394340 be fixed
OshQBzq574g-01267-00394341-00394507 that was a bad job but anything in life
OshQBzq574g-01268-00394508-00394891 can be fixed I show you don't think that
OshQBzq574g-01269-00394892-00395107 don't think that just because things are
OshQBzq574g-01270-00395108-00395342 not going well for you then the end of
OshQBzq574g-01271-00395343-00395915 the road no I show you right trivial
OshQBzq574g-01272-00395916-00396119 stuff can be fixed and it's not they're
OshQBzq574g-01273-00396120-00396272 more important things to worry about an
OshQBzq574g-01274-00396273-00396673 a cost grade right okay
OshQBzq574g-01275-00396674-00396910 I mean if I were you right it covered to
OshQBzq574g-01276-00396911-00397057 taking advantage of people around you
OshQBzq574g-01277-00397058-00397285 don't think that just because you're
OshQBzq574g-01278-00397286-00397450 dealing with always doctor can deal with
OshQBzq574g-01279-00397451-00397777 in you scared right and you there's some
OshQBzq574g-01280-00397778-00397967 people we even knew right and like okay
OshQBzq574g-01281-00397968-00398082 needing is fine because I guess
OshQBzq574g-01282-00398083-00398332 culturally it's tradition I guess but
OshQBzq574g-01283-00398333-00398593 but they're people just like you
OshQBzq574g-01284-00398594-00398884 you'd be surprised right for some people
OshQBzq574g-01285-00398885-00399076 they look like they are not approaching
OshQBzq574g-01286-00399077-00399221 but you should go to their office and
OshQBzq574g-01287-00399222-00399334 you explain why you're there you'll be
OshQBzq574g-01288-00399335-00399523 surprised what sort of reception you'll
OshQBzq574g-01289-00399524-00399767 get if you want to discuss something
OshQBzq574g-01290-00399768-00399941 with an inverse of just go there don't
OshQBzq574g-01291-00399942-00400115 fear them what's the difference between
OshQBzq574g-01292-00400116-00400370 them and you well maybe the edge I guess
OshQBzq574g-01293-00400371-00400654 right
OshQBzq574g-01294-00400655-00400963 and person just like you right and also
OshQBzq574g-01295-00400964-00401200 if I were you are the develop the habit
OshQBzq574g-01296-00401201-00401362 of interacting more senior students so
OshQBzq574g-01297-00401363-00401533 that you it's always wise to learn from
OshQBzq574g-01298-00401534-00401752 mistakes made by others right if you are
OshQBzq574g-01299-00401753-00401896 interacting with the senior students
OshQBzq574g-01300-00401897-00402055 would have known that cheating was wrong
OshQBzq574g-01301-00402056-00402427 but you are in grave you know keep on
OshQBzq574g-01302-00402428-00402576 talking about this I never stop right
OshQBzq574g-01303-00402577-00403045 and then there are some links that I
OshQBzq574g-01304-00403046-00403182 would encourage you to go and look at
OshQBzq574g-01305-00403183-00403423 you want to check out mtech Amazon
OshQBzq574g-01306-00403424-00403627 Mechanical Turk you it turns out that
OshQBzq574g-01307-00403628-00403897 you can perform micro tasks here using
OshQBzq574g-01308-00403898-00404008 some of the skills that you've learnt
OshQBzq574g-01309-00404009-00404236 and in a little bit of money instead of
OshQBzq574g-01310-00404237-00404437 just facebooking you can do this right
OshQBzq574g-01311-00404438-00404701 if you go to places like is this up wake
OshQBzq574g-01312-00404702-00404884 the weird places like earthquake you
OshQBzq574g-01313-00404885-00404983 notice that some of these skills they
OshQBzq574g-01314-00404984-00405094 are looking for skills that you've
OshQBzq574g-01315-00405095-00405355 acquired in maybe data analysis using
OshQBzq574g-01316-00405356-00405601 Excel you can do this you know why
OshQBzq574g-01317-00405602-00405826 because when you're interrupting someone
OshQBzq574g-01318-00405827-00406042 on this platform they don't know who you
OshQBzq574g-01319-00406043-00406192 are they don't even know that you a face
OshQBzq574g-01320-00406193-00406381 T or something as long as you are an
OshQBzq574g-01321-00406382-00406555 expert in this I do encourage you to do
OshQBzq574g-01322-00406556-00406882 this please visit these this places this
OshQBzq574g-01323-00406883-00407146 is quite nice stuff to get used to
OshQBzq574g-01324-00407147-00407287 especially as you're not going on a
OshQBzq574g-01325-00407288-00407437 vacation don't just go on vacation and
OshQBzq574g-01326-00407438-00407551 do nothing
OshQBzq574g-01327-00407552-00407728 if I was teaching you next year one of
OshQBzq574g-01328-00407729-00407893 the very first things out of ass yours
OshQBzq574g-01329-00407894-00408058 what sort of online courses did you do
OshQBzq574g-01330-00408059-00408208 in the back what sort of new skill did
OshQBzq574g-01331-00408209-00408337 you acquire to do with this course
OshQBzq574g-01332-00408338-00408784 straight okay and then in closing guys
OshQBzq574g-01333-00408785-00409008 please this off is a quite important I
OshQBzq574g-01334-00409009-00409342 really appreciate it if you'd fill out
OshQBzq574g-01335-00409343-00409528 the surveys and I assure you these are
OshQBzq574g-01336-00409529-00409630 anonymous
OshQBzq574g-01337-00409631-00409864 I'm recording this right and I swear to
OshQBzq574g-01338-00409864-00410005 god these are known month of the gods
OshQBzq574g-01339-00410006-00410230 pretty different codes right I'm not
OshQBzq574g-01340-00410231-00410434 joking these are anonymous no I don't
OshQBzq574g-01341-00410435-00410650 know who you are they'll just make sure
OshQBzq574g-01342-00410651-00410938 that these are like honest responses
OshQBzq574g-01343-00410939-00411351 right and then in case you think that
OshQBzq574g-01344-00411352-00411517 you need to come come and chat to me
OshQBzq574g-01345-00411518-00411718 before the exam just take note that I'll
OshQBzq574g-01346-00411718-00411943 be waking from out of town during these
OshQBzq574g-01347-00411943-00412153 periods I will not be around in this
OshQBzq574g-01348-00412154-00412380 period and this period and that period
OshQBzq574g-01349-00412381-00412572 I'm not sure about this period if I'm
OshQBzq574g-01350-00412574-00412717 not around then someone else will be
OshQBzq574g-01351-00412718-00412932 great on my behalf but I'm said now I'm
OshQBzq574g-01352-00412933-00413076 not gonna be around dispute so make sure
OshQBzq574g-01353-00413077-00413242 you see me if you need something fixed
OshQBzq574g-01354-00413243-00413447 to do with your CA
OshQBzq574g-01355-00413449-00413693 there are see me outside the the outside
OshQBzq574g-01356-00413695-00414002 Eastwatch we all will be around right
OshQBzq574g-01357-00414003-00414356 the advice I have for you
OshQBzq574g-01358-00414357-00414675 stay away from cheating and this this is
OshQBzq574g-01359-00414676-00414879 this this sounds like a joke but I
OshQBzq574g-01360-00414880-00415089 assure you you want to stay away from
OshQBzq574g-01361-00415089-00415446 this right a fourth-year student was 40
OshQBzq574g-01362-00415447-00415725 or 30 last year in last year's exam
OshQBzq574g-01363-00415726-00415989 there were is it experiment excluded
OshQBzq574g-01364-00415989-00416199 they were caught with maturing the exam
OshQBzq574g-01365-00416200-00416478 in the final exam the penalty for that
OshQBzq574g-01366-00416479-00416802 is you expel it right chucked out you've
OshQBzq574g-01367-00416803-00416958 wasted three years of your life because
OshQBzq574g-01368-00416959-00417171 you've been chucked out what do you do
OshQBzq574g-01369-00417172-00417276 you have to go and start from scratch
OshQBzq574g-01370-00417277-00417759 somewhere else right stented your image
OshQBzq574g-01371-00417760-00417957 is tented because your colleagues know
OshQBzq574g-01372-00417958-00418266 who you are now they will remember you
OshQBzq574g-01373-00418267-00418470 for being the person that cheated well
OshQBzq574g-01374-00418471-00418653 post coating the example oh you remember
OshQBzq574g-01375-00418654-00419393 that person was caught I met her right I
OshQBzq574g-01376-00419395-00419781 must say I really did enjoy the last 18
OshQBzq574g-01377-00419782-00420066 months I think and like I said I'm not
OshQBzq574g-01378-00420067-00420260 I'm not a perfect person but I always
OshQBzq574g-01379-00420262-00420552 tried in life to be fair and just more
OshQBzq574g-01380-00420553-00420870 is a fair person there are people that
OshQBzq574g-01381-00420871-00421085 have written to me recent as recently as
OshQBzq574g-01382-00421087-00421468 I think two maybe three three days ago I
OshQBzq574g-01383-00421470-00421791 didn't submit please find a tight
OshQBzq574g-01384-00421792-00421953 assignment I didn't submit it
OshQBzq574g-01385-00421954-00422307 I've been fair you are given days to
OshQBzq574g-01386-00422308-00422421 answer something that you should have
OshQBzq574g-01387-00422422-00422742 done in 11 minutes but because you
OshQBzq574g-01388-00422743-00422895 decided to procrastinate you didn't
OshQBzq574g-01389-00422896-00423072 submit this and I just politely said
OshQBzq574g-01390-00423072-00423279 just go and read the rules because I'm
OshQBzq574g-01391-00423280-00423657 trying to be fair and just if I if if
OshQBzq574g-01392-00423658-00423957 there's an exception for you I'd have to
OshQBzq574g-01393-00423958-00424214 do the same thing to people that I said
OshQBzq574g-01394-00424216-00424506 no to in other things that they did that
OshQBzq574g-01395-00424507-00424692 I had to the syllabus right I say this
OshQBzq574g-01396-00424693-00424917 because this is the last time you are
OshQBzq574g-01397-00424918-00425133 seeing what Athenian guests like up time
OshQBzq574g-01398-00425134-00425505 but the last time I'm teaching you you
OshQBzq574g-01399-00425506-00425712 probably see me walking around just say
OshQBzq574g-01400-00425713-00426000 hi I don't think I'm we tripped or
OshQBzq574g-01401-00426001-00426141 something right
OshQBzq574g-01402-00426142-00426312 don't know how I look like two people is
OshQBzq574g-01403-00426313-00426426 like maybe I look like this mean person
OshQBzq574g-01404-00426427-00426525 but
OshQBzq574g-01405-00426526-00426743 just say hi right when you meet me in
OshQBzq574g-01406-00426745-00426954 the corridors school education is a
OshQBzq574g-01407-00426955-00427155 small building you'll meet me next year
OshQBzq574g-01408-00427156-00427368 you have to next the other year just say
OshQBzq574g-01409-00427368-00427610 hi it's nice to say hi if you want you
OshQBzq574g-01410-00427612-00427779 can always walk up to five one five
OshQBzq574g-01411-00427780-00427950 during office hours and say hi right
OshQBzq574g-01412-00427951-00428181 or maybe outside office hours if you
OshQBzq574g-01413-00428182-00428370 find me in the office
OshQBzq574g-01414-00428371-00428706 I don't need any questions yeah saying
OshQBzq574g-01415-00428707-00428985 hi is good right and believe me I know
OshQBzq574g-01416-00428985-00429339 this for a fact there are I can see them
OshQBzq574g-01417-00429339-00429531 right now but I can't see Dimitra but
OshQBzq574g-01418-00429532-00429756 there are going to be very important
OshQBzq574g-01419-00429757-00429951 people coming from here this is how life
OshQBzq574g-01420-00429952-00430020 works
OshQBzq574g-01421-00430021-00430203 they're always people like that right
OshQBzq574g-01422-00430204-00430343 people that are going to hold
OshQBzq574g-01423-00430345-00430533 influential positions which is what I'm
OshQBzq574g-01424-00430534-00430722 saying say hi because I'll be able to
OshQBzq574g-01425-00430722-00430889 come to you and say you remember me I
OshQBzq574g-01426-00430891-00431639 taught you this time I met I met a
OshQBzq574g-01427-00431641-00431832 teacher who taught me well back right
OshQBzq574g-01428-00431833-00431958 this is how it works right
OshQBzq574g-01429-00431959-00432105 this is our life fields by the way but
OshQBzq574g-01430-00432106-00432483 all right so I'll see you on the 20:28
OshQBzq574g-01431-00432484-00432777 right yeah there's a question but I
OshQBzq574g-01432-00432778-00433079 won't be there I guess in the trenches
OshQBzq574g-01433-00433080-00435113 yes life is wrong
OshQBzq574g-01434-00435114-00436209 especially the cheating kisses this was
OshQBzq574g-01435-00436210-00437328 really good yeah yeah I mean remoteness
OshQBzq574g-01436-00437329-00437487 and this but because it's first-time
OshQBzq574g-01437-00437488-00437703 offenders or usually give any a pass
OshQBzq574g-01438-00437704-00437913 rate in fact if in the course with the
OshQBzq574g-01439-00437914-00438054 courts of law they'll take into account
OshQBzq574g-01440-00438055-00438216 that if you are if you are killing a
OshQBzq574g-01441-00438217-00438366 person for the first time not kidding
OshQBzq574g-01442-00438367-00438614 but maybe just even for the first time
OshQBzq574g-01443-00438614-00438995 the pennant will be that if you staying
OshQBzq574g-01444-00438996-00439343 for the second time but yeah all right
OshQBzq574g-01445-00439343-00439454 [Music]
OshQBzq574g-01446-00439455-00440724 sure okay
OshQBzq574g-01448-00443913-00444193 why do you want to do this right yes do
OshQBzq574g-01449-00444193-00444628 you remember this I the first time the
OshQBzq574g-01450-00444629-00444784 first and only time that I printed out a
OshQBzq574g-01451-00444785-00444987 document to you I printed out this
OshQBzq574g-01452-00444988-00445185 document the reason I printed out since
OshQBzq574g-01453-00445187-00445541 document is because oh excuse us
OshQBzq574g-01454-00445542-00446104 class here and this is disappointing I
OshQBzq574g-01455-00446105-00446508 know you miss from last year right why
OshQBzq574g-01456-00446509-00447466 from this program is there anywhere here
OshQBzq574g-01457-00447467-00448003 can you see the distribution of much 20%
OshQBzq574g-01458-00448004-00448801 quiz 30% tells 50% example I know is
OshQBzq574g-01459-00448802-00449101 this for a good morning