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+qeyZrbtF0eA-00000-00000248-00000782 yo what's up guys my name is for oh crap
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00001-00000783-00000943 there we go
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00002-00000944-00001135 there we go
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00003-00001136-00001262 yo what's happening guys my name is
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00004-00001263-00001407 pokemon here and welcome back to a brand
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00005-00001408-00001566 new video
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00006-00001567-00001687 uh we're going to be
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00007-00001688-00001895 reacting to berlijzi joins the corey
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00008-00001896-00002071 kitchen
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00009-00002072-00002318 joins cory crenshaw in the basement
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00010-00002319-00002542 now why why is the screen behind me
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00011-00002543-00002758 looking a little bit clearer than the
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00012-00002759-00002887 last one
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00013-00002888-00003191 it's because i i don't know i had to
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00014-00003192-00003422 add the you know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00015-00003423-00003854 do some stuff but let's get started
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00016-00003855-00004175 making all that goddamn noise
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00017-00004176-00004279 shut
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00018-00004280-00005486 up
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00019-00005487-00005858 in a 96 degree
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00020-00005859-00006478 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00021-00006479-00006655 get me out of here bro look you know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00022-00006656-00006727 what
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00023-00006728-00007095 no no
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00024-00007095-00007278 no
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00025-00007279-00007551 negotiations
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00026-00007552-00007727 berlin
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00027-00007728-00007998 i have a question why is he just um why
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00028-00008000-00008231 is he doing the thing like
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00029-00008232-00008471 you know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00030-00008472-00008671 it's something i
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00031-00008672-00009039 it's something i i don't know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00032-00009040-00009503 oh oh oh crap my lighter i don't know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00033-00009504-00009742 why is he sweating like that too i i i
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00034-00009743-00009953 just want to know
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00035-00009954-00010103 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00036-00010104-00010727 negotiations
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00037-00010728-00010910 you'll stay
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00038-00010911-00011223 in this box
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00039-00011224-00011510 until corey posts the video
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00040-00011511-00011719 any any any
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00041-00011720-00011895 any any friends
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00042-00011896-00012119 of that man any any friends any
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00043-00012120-00012438 associates any acquaintances
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00044-00012439-00012655 will be caged
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00045-00012656-00012927 you are no exception
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00046-00012928-00013143 sorry you got to let me out of here bro
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00047-00013144-00013351 okay look the kids they don't even want
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00048-00013352-00013638 me bro i cuss too much right but let me
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00049-00013640-00013822 out from custer to custody let me out
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00050-00013823-00014569 huh [__] if we both touch that guy
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00051-00014569-00015071 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00052-00015072-00015303 ain't no goddamn
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00053-00015304-00015559 ain't no goddamn sense
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00054-00015560-00016479 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00055-00016480-00016839 no negotiations
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00056-00016840-00017183 no negotiations
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00057-00017184-00017407 no negotiations
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00058-00017408-00017647 i'm going i'm going back upstairs let me
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00059-00017648-00018184 out of here [__]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00060-00018185-00018234 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00061-00018235-00018508 [Applause]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00062-00018509-00019422 [Music]
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00063-00019423-00019647 that was dope
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00064-00019648-00019999 i ain't gonna lie that was dope
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00065-00020000-00020183 but it was funny though
+qeyZrbtF0eA-00066-00020184-00020584 but yeah i'll see you on this video
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00000-00000272-00000617 is so happy to see you indeed noticed
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00001-00000618-00000827 this bag in the room the other day you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00002-00000827-00000952 must need it to help with your
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00003-00000953-00001073 schoolwork
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00004-00001074-00001373 Deke has seen one of these before Dick
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00005-00001374-00002476 calls it a knapsack
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00006-00002477-00002734 perfect for Gathering and transporting
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00007-00002735-00003013 beasts
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00008-00003014-00003281 Pleasant little breeze I have been
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00009-00003282-00003413 thinking about something Professor
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00010-00003414-00003635 Howard said in BEAST's class that I
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00011-00003636-00003863 should study as many beasts as I can on
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00012-00003864-00004090 my own time she also mentioned that
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00013-00004092-00004372 poachers have been active in the area
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00014-00004373-00004504 so
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00015-00004505-00004738 perhaps the beasts will be safer with us
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00016-00004739-00004979 than out on their own precisely what
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00017-00004980-00005302 Deke was thinking you see the room knew
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00018-00005303-00005597 exactly what you needed and luckily dee
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00019-00005598-00005765 can show you how to best use the
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00020-00005766-00005977 knabsack and where
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00021-00005978-00006383 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00022-00006384-00006555 come along then
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00023-00006556-00006883 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00024-00006884-00007127 our first stop
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00025-00007128-00007481 class I've asked Deke to assist you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00026-00007481-00008315 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00027-00008316-00009523 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00028-00009524-00011492 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00029-00011493-00011803 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00030-00011804-00012041 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00031-00012042-00013794 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00032-00013794-00015115 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00033-00015116-00015430 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00034-00015431-00016636 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00035-00016637-00016698 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00036-00016699-00016889 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00037-00016890-00017012 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00038-00017013-00017536 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00039-00017537-00017609 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00040-00017610-00020555 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00041-00020556-00022999 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00042-00023000-00023132 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00043-00023133-00025408 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00044-00025409-00025688 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00046-00029358-00029613 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00047-00029614-00031182 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00048-00031183-00031964 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00049-00031964-00032002 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00050-00032004-00034896 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00051-00034897-00035222 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00052-00035223-00036485 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00053-00036486-00036815 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00054-00036816-00038680 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00055-00038681-00038712 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00057-00042518-00042756 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00058-00042757-00044724 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00059-00044725-00044870 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00060-00044871-00045731 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00061-00045732-00047893 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00062-00047894-00048316 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00063-00048317-00049330 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00064-00049331-00049693 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00065-00049694-00051496 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00066-00051497-00051852 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00068-00055739-00055936 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00069-00055937-00058738 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00070-00058739-00059219 in our times
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00071-00059220-00059488 at times I still see the small boy from
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00072-00059489-00059771 the cupboard
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00073-00059772-00060059 I give my mortgages Harry
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00074-00060060-00060550 I'm out now
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00075-00060551-00060737 just like your mother your own family
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00076-00060738-00060869 kind
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00077-00060870-00061283 people never fail to understand
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00078-00061284-00062075 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00079-00062076-00062146 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00081-00065736-00065956 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00082-00065957-00066084 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00083-00066085-00066528 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00084-00066529-00067055 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00085-00067056-00067747 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00086-00067748-00067869 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00087-00067870-00068061 [Applause]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00088-00068062-00069657 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00089-00069658-00071338 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00090-00071339-00073015 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00091-00073016-00073214 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00092-00073215-00073493 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00093-00073494-00073560 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00094-00073561-00076553 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00095-00076554-00076707 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00097-00080177-00080483 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00099-00084289-00084982 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00100-00084983-00085265 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00101-00085266-00085679 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00102-00085680-00087779 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00103-00087780-00088168 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00104-00088169-00089125 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00106-00092250-00092516 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00108-00095780-00096069 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00109-00096070-00098012 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00110-00098013-00099259 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00111-00099260-00099631 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00113-00103494-00103921 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00114-00103922-00104267 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00115-00104268-00106613 [Music]
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00116-00106614-00106973 foreign
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00118-00111026-00111508 thank you
+qf5LSLR0Q-k-00120-00114843-00117629 [Music]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00000-00000371-00001314 [Music]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00001-00001315-00001601 [Applause]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00003-00008526-00009469 [Music]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00004-00009470-00009756 [Applause]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00006-00016680-00017624 [Music]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00007-00017625-00017910 [Applause]
+qgroEBRhNBE-00008-00017911-00020003 [Music]
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00000-00000057-00000308 Kashmir Shaivism or more accurately
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00001-00000309-00000530 Trika Shaivism refers to a non jealous
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00002-00000531-00000728 tradition of cyber sector tantra which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00003-00000729-00001066 originated some time after 850 C though
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00004-00001067-00001265 this tradition was very influential in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00005-00001266-00001478 Kashmir and is thus often called Kashmir
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00006-00001479-00001688 Shaivism it was actually a pan indian
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00007-00001689-00001973 movement termed Trika by its great
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00008-00001973-00002204 exudate a abhinavagupta which also
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00009-00002205-00002431 flourished in odessa in maharashtra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00010-00002432-00002687 defining features of the Trika tradition
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00011-00002688-00002876 is its idealistic and monastic prat
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00012-00002877-00003188 yardage inner recognition philosophical
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00013-00003189-00003404 system propounded by ute pallid eve at
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00014-00003404-00004142 sea 925 to 975 c and abhinavagupta c 975
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00015-00004143-00004445 102 5 c and the centrality of the three
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00016-00004446-00004661 goddesses para para para and a para
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00017-00004662-00004871 while Trika draws from numerous cipher
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00018-00004872-00005081 texts such as the shiver agamas in the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00019-00005082-00005270 cyber and sector tantras its major
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00020-00005271-00005456 scriptural authorities of the Melania
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00021-00005457-00005654 Vijaya Terra Tantra the Siddha Yogi's
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00022-00005655-00005930 very martyr in the Anna market entre its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00023-00005931-00006119 main exegetical works are those of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00024-00006120-00006335 abhinavagupta such as the Tantra loca
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00025-00006336-00006554 Milani lockvar tika and Tantra Sara
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00026-00006555-00006734 which are formerly an exegesis of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00027-00006734-00006926 Milani Vijaya Tara Tantra although they
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00028-00006927-00007096 also drew heavily on the Kali based
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00029-00007097-00007286 crime a subcategory of the color Marga
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00030-00007287-00007484 Kashmir Shaivism claimed to supersede
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00031-00007484-00007703 shaiva siddhanta a dualistic tradition
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00032-00007704-00007859 which scholars consider normative
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00033-00007859-00008138 tantric shaivism the shiva Siddhanta
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00034-00008139-00008296 goal of becoming an ontological ii
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00035-00008297-00008384 distinct shiva
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00036-00008385-00008558 3 Shiva's grace was replaced by
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00037-00008559-00008768 recognizing oneself as Shiva who in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00038-00008769-00008933 Kashmir Shaivism monism
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00039-00008934-00009639 is the entirety of the universe
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00040-00009640-00010010 topic history
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00041-00010011-00010509 you
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00042-00010510-00011167 topic Shiva sutras and spanda karika
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00043-00011168-00011551 dating from around 850 to 900 see the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00044-00011552-00011752 Shiva sutras in Spanish Rica with a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00045-00011753-00011917 first attempt from the sakta cyber
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00046-00011918-00012085 domain to present a non-dualistic
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00047-00012086-00012319 metaphysics and Gnostic soteriology in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00048-00012320-00012532 opposition to the dualistic exegesis of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00049-00012533-00012784 the Shiva Siddhanta the Shiva sutras
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00050-00012785-00012979 appeared to vasa Gupta in a dream
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00051-00012980-00013279 according to tradition the spanda karika
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00052-00013280-00013486 was either composed by vasa doctor or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00053-00013487-00014136 his student Bartok alotta
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00054-00014137-00014633 topic lineage
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00055-00014634-00014876 so Menander the first theologian of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00056-00014877-00015062 monastic Shaivism was the teacher of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00057-00015063-00015254 Utpal a diva who was the grand teacher
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00058-00015255-00015452 of abhinavagupta who in turn was the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00059-00015453-00016088 teacher of kasama Raja
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00060-00016088-00016751 topic abhinavagupta the Tantra loca
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00061-00016752-00016985 Milani lockvar tika and Tantra sorrow of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00062-00016986-00017291 the Kashmiri and abhinavagupta 975 102
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00063-00017292-00017546 5c are formally an exegesis on the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00064-00017547-00017738 Milani Vijaya Tara Tantra although they
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00065-00017739-00017909 also drew heavily on the Carly based
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00066-00017910-00018077 krama tradition of the color Marga
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00067-00018078-00018419 jirafa 1152 1200 CE wrote a commentary
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00068-00018420-00019010 on the Tantra loca
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00069-00019011-00019622 topic 20th century revival
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00070-00019623-00019808 there were no major writers or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00071-00019809-00020003 publications after approximately the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00072-00020004-00020336 14th century in the 20th century Swami
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00073-00020337-00020588 Laxman Joo a Kashmiri Brahmin helped
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00074-00020589-00020744 revive both the scholarly and yogic
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00075-00020745-00020924 streams of Kashmir Shaivism
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00076-00020925-00021257 his contribution is enormous he inspired
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00077-00021258-00021428 a generation of scholars who made
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00078-00021429-00021641 Kashmir Shaivism a legitimate field of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00079-00021642-00021842 inquiry within the academy acharya
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00080-00021843-00022097 rameshwar ja a disciple of jou is often
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00081-00022098-00022271 credited with establishing the roots of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00082-00022272-00022418 Kashmir Shaivism in the learner
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00083-00022419-00022742 community of Varanasi rameshwar jar with
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00084-00022743-00022964 his creativity familiarity with the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00085-00022965-00023174 ancient texts and personal experiences
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00086-00023175-00023357 provided access to concepts of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00087-00023358-00023546 non-dualistic Kashmir Shaivism
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00088-00023547-00023816 his writings of sanskrit verses have
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00089-00023817-00023953 been published as the books per
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00090-00023954-00024122 interpreter bijnor and summits wa
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00091-00024123-00024341 tantrum Swami Muktananda although not
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00092-00024342-00024494 belonging to the direct lineage of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00093-00024495-00024599 Kashmir Shaivism
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00094-00024600-00024769 felt an affinity for the teachings
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00095-00024770-00025009 validated by his own direct experience
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00096-00025010-00025307 he encouraged moti Lal ban aside as to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00097-00025308-00025493 publish Jay Davis Singh's translations
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00098-00025494-00025753 of Shiva sutras Praveena diam spanned
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00099-00025754-00026059 Akari Kazan vine Anna by rava he also
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00100-00026060-00026282 introduced Kashmir Shaivism to a wide
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00101-00026283-00026470 audience of Western meditators through
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00102-00026472-00026663 his writings and lectures on the subject
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00103-00026664-00026890 the vine Anna by rava Tantra a chapter
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00104-00026891-00027056 from the Rudra mala Tantra was
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00105-00027057-00027260 introduced to the west by Paul reps a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00106-00027261-00027467 student of jus by including an English
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00107-00027468-00027683 translation in his book Zen flesh Zen
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00108-00027683-00027980 bones cast as a discourse between the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00109-00027981-00028211 god Shiva and his consort Devi or Shakti
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00110-00028212-00028508 it presents 112 meditation methods or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00111-00028508-00029201 centering techniques Darren errs
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00112-00029202-00029575 topic practice
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00113-00029576-00030077 you
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00114-00030078-00030639 topic prerequisites
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00115-00030641-00030858 since it is a tantric tradition a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00116-00030860-00031087 necessary prerequisite for tree chaotic
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00117-00031088-00031339 practices tantric initiation or dick sir
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00118-00031339-00031614 the mallanna Vijaya Tara Tantra a major
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00119-00031616-00031855 source for the tradition states without
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00120-00031856-00032152 initiation there is no qualification for
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00121-00032152-00032251 cyber yoga
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00122-00032252-00032512 although domesticated into a householder
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00123-00032513-00032743 tradition Kashmir Shaivism recommended a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00124-00032744-00032938 secret performance of kerala practices
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00125-00032939-00033123 in keeping with its tantric heritage
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00126-00033124-00033382 this was to be done in seclusion from
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00127-00033383-00033574 public eyes therefore allowing one to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00128-00033575-00033751 maintain the appearance of a typical
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00129-00033752-00034051 householder the Malinois Vijaya Tara
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00130-00034052-00034207 Tantra outlines several major
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00131-00034208-00034405 preconditions conferring the authority
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00132-00034406-00034600 to practice yoga the yogi who has
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00133-00034601-00034819 mastered posture and the mind controlled
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00134-00034820-00035020 the vital energy subdued the senses
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00135-00035021-00035212 conquered sleep overcome anger and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00136-00035213-00035404 agitation and who is free from deceit
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00137-00035405-00035605 should practice yoga in a quiet Pleasant
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00138-00035606-00035782 cave or effin Hut free from all
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00139-00035783-00036360 obstructions
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00140-00036361-00036912 topic six Lexus
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00141-00036913-00037131 numerous texts such as the mallanna
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00142-00037132-00037347 Vijaya Tara Tantra also outlined six
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00143-00037348-00037584 varieties of the goal or targets lack
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00144-00037585-00037871 seus of yogic practices mainly
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00145-00037872-00038085 contemplation of void human which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00146-00038086-00038360 bestows all perfections in liberation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00147-00038361-00038619 contemplation of body vigraha which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00148-00038620-00038784 bestows the coercion of deities like
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00149-00038785-00039111 Vishnu or Rudra contemplation of drop
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00150-00039112-00039294 Bindu which bestows sovereignty over
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00151-00039295-00039612 yoga pne's contemplation of phoneme ana
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00152-00039613-00039890 which bestows the perfection of mantra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00153-00039891-00040116 contemplation of world Bhuvana which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00154-00040117-00040446 bestows regency of a world contemplation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00155-00040447-00040599 of resonance d-h Vani
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00156-00040600-00040782 which leads to isolation and liberation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00157-00040783-00040992 each of the goals is given specific
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00158-00040993-00041292 practices for example in the Milan IVA
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00159-00041293-00041514 Jaya Terra Tantra perfecting the void is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00160-00041515-00041679 said to be reached by moving the mind
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00161-00041680-00041838 and vital energy through the use of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00162-00041839-00042039 mantric resonance through two groups of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00163-00042040-00042234 three voids located along the central
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00164-00042235-00042414 channel which are also correlated with a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00165-00042415-00042618 system of six khakhras reaching to the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00166-00042619-00042834 region above the head different
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00167-00042835-00043011 scriptures outline different lists of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00168-00043012-00043206 voids in their location in the body
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00169-00043207-00043446 the practice of resonance deals with
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00170-00043447-00043659 various sounds and how the yogin is to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00171-00043660-00043830 focus on a specific sound and its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00172-00043831-00043989 resonance within the central channel
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00173-00043990-00044178 regarding mantra different Seifer
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00174-00044179-00044343 tantras and texts teach different
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00175-00044344-00044625 mantras and be Jets heed mantras these
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00176-00044626-00044781 mantras are generally intoned
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00177-00044782-00044964 occur at different positions in the body
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00178-00044965-00045156 along the central channel such as at the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00179-00045157-00045504 heart throat forehead etc the Dix artery
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00180-00045505-00045684 Tantra for example teaches the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00181-00045685-00045906 intonation of the hamsa mantra beginning
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00182-00045907-00046215 in the heart region some texts teach a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00183-00046216-00046410 lineal ascent through the heart the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00184-00046411-00046614 throat the palate and the forehead
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00185-00046615-00046818 culminating with the transcendence of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00186-00046819-00047061 sonic experiences the limit of resonance
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00187-00047062-00047403 na danta in the cranium is pierced other
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00188-00047404-00047640 texts have the mantric energy follow the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00189-00047641-00048326 breath through the nose outside the body
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00190-00048327-00048820 topic yogas
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00191-00048821-00049084 since Treecko Sai vism is a synthesis of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00192-00049085-00049195 various traditions
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00193-00049196-00049408 it's texts like the mallanna Vijaya Tara
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00194-00049409-00049602 Tantra distinguishes four different
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00195-00049603-00049879 types of cyber yoga according to sama
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00196-00049880-00050074 dev Vasudeva two of these have been
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00197-00050075-00050239 assimilated from the tantras of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00198-00050240-00050415 Siddhanta one the conquest of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00199-00050416-00050646 reality levels tap Vijaya which has been
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00200-00050647-00050830 transformed into a radically new type of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00201-00050831-00051037 yoga based on the 15 levels of the a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00202-00051038-00051282 perceptive process and to the yoga of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00203-00051283-00051513 six ancillary sedan Geauga which is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00204-00051514-00051732 taken over with only minor variations
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00205-00051733-00052029 the third is three color yoga with its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00206-00052030-00052227 system of four immersions Pindus the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00207-00052228-00052482 pedesta ruh pastor andrew partita and as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00208-00052483-00052687 a fourth may be counted for the three
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00209-00052688-00052882 types of possession a versa taught in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00210-00052883-00053107 the Trika another sector and Sam bhava
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00211-00053108-00053287 which are innovatively presented as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00212-00053288-00053461 three meta categories under which all
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00213-00053462-00054133 yogic exercises can be subsumed
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00214-00054134-00054725 topic the conquest of the tattvas
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00215-00054726-00054965 in Trika texts as well as those of other
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00216-00054966-00055175 cyber schools it is common to formulate
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00217-00055176-00055364 the process of yogic conquest of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00218-00055365-00055555 realities Tattvas as a series of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00219-00055557-00055867 darkness darkness introspections are
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00220-00055869-00056116 complex sequences of meditative
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00221-00056117-00056411 practices which focus on a series of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00222-00056412-00056663 contemplations on a hierarchy of a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00223-00056664-00056870 perceptive states designed to bring him
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00224-00056871-00057062 ever closer to the level of the highest
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00225-00057063-00057419 perceiver Shiva this hierarchy of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00226-00057420-00057647 meditations and visualizations is based
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00227-00057648-00057925 on the Shiva schema of the 36 tappers
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00228-00057926-00058178 according to sama Dev Vasudeva the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00229-00058179-00058361 procedure can be described thus the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00230-00058362-00058555 Yogi's starts by disengaging the mind
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00231-00058557-00058769 from external stimuli and then fixes it
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00232-00058770-00058988 upon a tattva such as earth water etc
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00233-00058989-00059270 with ever-deepening absorption he
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00234-00059271-00059447 attains an internalized vision of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00235-00059448-00059615 reality and compares it with his
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00236-00059616-00059801 authoritative scriptural knowledge of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00237-00059802-00060044 the highest level by means of tarkir
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00238-00060045-00060290 reasoning an ontological value judgment
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00239-00060291-00060461 he discerns that it is different from
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00240-00060462-00060764 shiva and thus transcends it the Yogi's
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00241-00060765-00060944 ascension inevitably brings him to the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00242-00060945-00061141 reality which is shiva at the zenith of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00243-00061142-00061366 all paths one example of the meditation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00244-00061367-00061559 on the tattva of body intellect from the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00245-00061560-00061729 millennia Jaya Terra Tantra is as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00246-00061730-00061913 follows contemplating in the heart a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00247-00061914-00062108 lotus with color of the Rising Sun with
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00248-00062109-00062279 eight petals containing the eight bars
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00249-00062279-00062525 of Dharma etc and the pericarp the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00250-00062526-00062735 Yogi's intellect becomes steady within a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00251-00062736-00063014 month within six he becomes a knower of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00252-00063015-00063272 the sruthi scripture within three years
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00253-00063273-00063452 he himself becomes an author of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00254-00063453-00063655 scriptures contemplating his own
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00255-00063657-00063866 physical form there in the heart he
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00256-00063866-00064512 perceives the principle of intellect
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00257-00064513-00064875 topic yoga with six ancillary Sangha
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00258-00064876-00065220 yoga
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00259-00065221-00065478 Treecko Yoga generally uses a system of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00260-00065479-00065754 six limbs or ancillaries
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00261-00065755-00065973 angus which is seen as subsidiary to the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00262-00065974-00066255 principle conquest of the tatvas this
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00263-00066256-00066456 system was adopted from the Jew allistic
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00264-00066457-00066648 cyber Siddhanta as well as in pancaratra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00265-00066649-00066901 scriptures such as the Jaya kiss Evita
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00266-00066902-00067212 according to samadeva Vasudeva in Trika
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00267-00067213-00067467 sedan Yoga is to be understood as a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00268-00067468-00067650 collection of helpful or even
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00269-00067651-00067863 indispensable yogic techniques which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00270-00067864-00068088 enable the prospective yogi to achieve
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00271-00068089-00068268 the required coalescence or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00272-00068269-00068550 identification tan Miyata lit the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00273-00068551-00068766 consisting of that Ness with the object
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00274-00068767-00069081 of contemplation these six subsidiaries
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00275-00069082-00069294 is outlined by the Melania Jaya Terra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00276-00069295-00069621 Tantra our pranayama control of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00277-00069622-00070062 breath or vital energy prana includes
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00278-00070063-00070272 various forms of inhalation exhalation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00279-00070273-00070382 kumbhaka
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00280-00070383-00070617 as well as proper posture asana defined
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00281-00070618-00070806 as either lotus or some other seated
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00282-00070807-00071106 posture the practice of a java eruption
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00283-00071107-00071334 is also taught which is a process
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00284-00071335-00071574 whereby the retained air is propelled or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00285-00071575-00071787 launched upwards from the navel region
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00286-00071788-00072162 so that it strikes the head Dharana
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00287-00072163-00072489 fixations or concentrations for a tort
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00288-00072490-00072756 fire water sovereign defined as Bindu
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00289-00072757-00072960 and nada and nectar fixating upon a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00290-00072961-00073155 lunar disk above the cranium which drops
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00291-00073156-00073341 divine nectar into the central channel
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00292-00073342-00073481 filling the body
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00293-00073482-00073782 TACA judgment or reasoning defined as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00294-00073783-00074004 the asset Ament of what is to be
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00295-00074005-00074363 cultivated and what is to be rejected
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00296-00074364-00074714 dianna meditation defined as attentive
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00297-00074715-00075051 contemplation on Shiva or a focused
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00298-00075052-00075285 stream of awareness directed towards the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00299-00075286-00075753 judged and thus accepted reality Samadhi
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00300-00075754-00075944 a deep absorption that arises from
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00301-00075945-00076194 prolonged the text states 48 minutes and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00302-00076195-00076563 firmly established meditation in which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00303-00076564-00076644 the yogi
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00304-00076645-00076901 becomes as though non-existent he
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00305-00076902-00077097 reaches a state where he becomes as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00306-00077098-00077276 though dead from which even intense
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00307-00077277-00077526 sounds and other such sense data cannot
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00308-00077527-00077807 rouse him
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00309-00077808-00078011 suhara complete withdrawal of the Minden
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00310-00078012-00078218 the mallanna Vijaya Tara Tantra chapter
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00311-00078219-00078443 17 these are seen as six progressive
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00312-00078444-00078615 steps leading to complete identification
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00313-00078616-00078897 with the object of meditation it is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00314-00078898-00079088 important to note that different cyber
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00315-00079089-00079280 tantras outline different forms of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00316-00079281-00079499 six ancillary x' and there is no
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00317-00079500-00079698 consensus as to their order their
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00318-00079699-00079979 definition or even their subdivisions
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00319-00079980-00080613 among the different tantras
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00320-00080614-00081140 topic yogic suicide
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00321-00081141-00081400 the practice of up Kranti also called
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00322-00081401-00081760 yogic suicide is also taught in non-dual
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00323-00081761-00081958 cyber tantras like the mallanna Vijaya
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00324-00081959-00082162 Tara Tantra which uses the vital energy
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00325-00082163-00082357 rising through the central channel to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00326-00082358-00082565 end one's life and proceed to union with
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00327-00082566-00082789 shiva the text says that this
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00328-00082790-00082975 abandonment of the body can be done at
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00329-00082976-00083152 the end of one's life after one has
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00330-00083153-00083321 mastered all that one has set out to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00331-00083322-00083865 achieve
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00332-00083866-00084406 topic for our pliers
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00333-00084407-00084691 to attain moksha Satana or spiritual
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00334-00084692-00084922 practice is necessary kashmir shaivism
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00335-00084923-00085207 describes four major methods are pi RS
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00336-00085208-00085628 and Avvo paya the method of the body sac
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00337-00085629-00085830 top ire the method of the mind
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00338-00085831-00086041 samba vote ire the method of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00339-00086042-00086335 consciousness a new pilot method list
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00340-00086336-00086850 method
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00341-00086851-00087174 topic a novo pyar purification of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00342-00087175-00087533 body
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00343-00087534-00087764 while most other paths observe offering
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00344-00087765-00087944 incense and external objects to the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00345-00087945-00088157 deity this path takes onto offering
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00346-00088158-00088433 breaths the individual controls his
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00347-00088434-00088595 heart and pulse by reducing it
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00348-00088596-00088808 significantly the final stage is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00349-00088809-00089021 renouncing consumption of food and water
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00350-00089022-00089315 as a result he/she connects the state of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00351-00089316-00089495 the Supreme in the form of Shiva which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00352-00089496-00089701 results in purification of the body and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00353-00089702-00090338 generation of areas
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00354-00090339-00090721 topic philosophy
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00355-00090722-00091227 you
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00356-00091228-00091957 topic influences and major exponents the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00357-00091958-00092161 philosophy of tariqa Shaivism is called
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00358-00092162-00092371 Prechter bijnor recognition and it is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00359-00092372-00092545 mainly a non jewel idealistic and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00360-00092546-00092821 monastic theism it is influenced by the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00361-00092822-00093084 works of the cybermen istván gupta tilde
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00362-00093085-00093424 885 o c e and numerous cyber scriptures
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00363-00093425-00093616 such as the agamas and cyber sector
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00364-00093617-00093829 tantras the Trika philosophical system
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00365-00093830-00094012 of pratt yar bijnor is presented in the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00366-00094013-00094432 works of somin and at sea 900 to 950 see
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00367-00094433-00094984 you pallid Eve at sea 925 to 975 C
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00368-00094985-00095488 abhinavagupta C 975 102 5 C and his
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00369-00095489-00095902 disciple cachet mirage FC 1000 to 1050
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00370-00095903-00096073 according to Christopher Wallace the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00371-00096074-00096268 philosophy of tariqa Shaivism also
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00372-00096269-00096385 adopted much of the ontological
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00373-00096386-00096631 apparatus of Sankhya school such as its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00374-00096632-00096877 system of 25 Tattvas expanding and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00375-00096878-00097072 reinterpreting it for its own system of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00376-00097073-00097387 36 tatvas another important source for
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00377-00097388-00097600 Trika is the idealistic and dualistic
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00378-00097601-00097909 theism of shiva Siddhanta the ciphers
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00379-00097910-00098080 also were influenced by the work of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00380-00098081-00098266 Buddhist vine a Nevada and prama Nevada
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00381-00098267-00098512 philosophers especially Dharma Kirti who
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00382-00098513-00098713 was also taken as a primary non cyber
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00383-00098714-00098875 opponent and whose doctrines were
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00384-00098876-00099082 sometimes absorbed into the prayer bijna
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00385-00099083-00099620 system
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00386-00099621-00100226 topic metaphysics and theology
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00387-00100227-00100432 the philosophy of recognition as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00388-00100433-00100610 outlined by thinkers like you Paula
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00389-00100611-00100805 Deaver teaches that though the identity
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00390-00100806-00101021 of all souls is one with God is Vera or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00391-00101022-00101249 Sheva which is the single reality being
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00392-00101250-00101426 an absolute consciousness they have
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00393-00101427-00101650 forgotten this due to Myra or ignorant
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00394-00101651-00101876 however through knowledge one can
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00395-00101877-00102086 recognize one's authentic divine nature
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00396-00102087-00102335 and become a liberated being another
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00397-00102336-00102556 important element of Trika theology is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00398-00102557-00102713 the active and dynamic nature of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00399-00102714-00102902 consciousness which is described as the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00400-00102903-00103117 spontaneous vibration or pulsation
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00401-00103118-00103349 spanda of universal consciousness which
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00402-00103350-00103534 is an expression of its freedom vuitton
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00403-00103535-00103628 tria and power
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00404-00103629-00103877 Sakthi because of this though this
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00405-00103878-00104092 philosophy is idealist it affirms the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00406-00104093-00104297 reality of the world in everyday life as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00407-00104298-00104501 a real transformation parinama
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00408-00104502-00104747 manifestation or appearance a basa of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00409-00104748-00105032 the absolute consciousness the absolute
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00410-00105033-00105218 is also explained through the metaphor
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00411-00105219-00105404 of light prakasha and reflective
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00412-00105405-00105599 awareness v marcia tantric scholar
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00413-00105600-00105731 practitioner christopher wallace
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00414-00105732-00105944 outlines the metaphysics and theology of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00415-00105945-00106234 non-jewish iver Tantra thus all that
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00416-00106235-00106445 exists throughout all time and beyond is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00417-00106446-00106654 one infinite divine consciousness free
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00418-00106655-00106816 and blissful which projects within the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00419-00106817-00106960 field of its awareness a vast
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00420-00106961-00107104 multiplicity of apparently
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00421-00107105-00107327 differentiated subjects and objects each
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00422-00107328-00107543 object an actualization of a timeless
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00423-00107544-00107720 potentiality inherent in the light of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00424-00107721-00107924 consciousness and each subject the same
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00425-00107925-00108077 plus a contracted locus of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00426-00108078-00108379 self-awareness this creation a divine
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00427-00108380-00108551 play is the result of the natural
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00428-00108552-00108740 impulse within consciousness to express
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00429-00108741-00108920 the totality of its self knowledge in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00430-00108921-00109204 action and impulse arising from love the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00431-00109205-00109328 unbounded light of consciousness
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00432-00109329-00109579 contracts into finite embodied loci of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00433-00109580-00109856 awareness out of its own free will when
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00434-00109857-00110083 those finite subjects then identify with
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00435-00110084-00110282 the limited and circumscribed cognitions
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00436-00110283-00110461 and circumstances that make up this
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00437-00110463-00110594 phase of their existence
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00438-00110595-00110771 instead of identifying with the trans
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00439-00110772-00110981 individual overarching pulsation of pure
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00440-00110982-00111158 awareness that is the true nature they
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00441-00111158-00111365 experience what they call suffering to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00442-00111366-00111590 rectify this some feel an inner urge to
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00443-00111591-00111779 take up the path of spiritual gnosis and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00444-00111780-00111961 yogic practice the purpose of which is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00445-00111963-00112181 to undermine their misidentification and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00446-00112182-00112366 directly reveal within the immediacy of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00447-00112367-00112516 awareness the fact that the divine
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00448-00112517-00112721 powers of consciousness bliss willing
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00449-00112722-00112946 knowing and acting comprise the totality
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00450-00112947-00113126 of individual experience as well
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00451-00113127-00113329 thereby triggering a recognition that
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00452-00113330-00113501 one's real identity is that of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00453-00113502-00113618 highest divinity the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00454-00113619-00113882 hole in every part this experiential
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00455-00113883-00114085 gnosis is repeated and reinforced
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00456-00114086-00114269 through various means until it becomes
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00457-00114270-00114433 the non conceptual ground of every
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00458-00114434-00114664 moment of experience and once contracted
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00459-00114665-00114853 sense of self and separation from the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00460-00114854-00115027 whole is finally annihilated in the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00461-00115028-00115204 incandescent radiance of the complete
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00462-00115205-00115486 expansion into perfect wholeness then
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00463-00115487-00115675 one's perception fully encompasses the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00464-00115676-00115840 reality of a universe dancing
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00465-00115841-00116014 ecstatically in the animation of its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00466-00116015-00116246 completely perfect divinity this single
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00467-00116247-00116420 supreme reality is also sometimes
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00468-00116421-00116732 referred to as aham the heart it is
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00469-00116733-00116938 considered to be a non jewel interior
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00470-00116939-00117151 space of Shiva support for the entire
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00471-00117152-00117368 manifestation supreme mantra and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00472-00117369-00117956 identical to sakti
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00473-00117957-00118583 topic theology of the triad or Trika
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00474-00118583-00118786 an important element of treecko's
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00475-00118788-00118990 Iverson's theology is the use of several
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00476-00118991-00119233 triads symbolized by the Trident in its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00477-00119234-00119432 theological explanation of the absolute
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00478-00119433-00119677 reality there are several triads
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00479-00119678-00119849 described in Treecko theology of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00480-00119850-00120088 thinkers like abhinavagupta including
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00481-00120089-00120314 three realities Shiva
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00482-00120315-00120557 the supreme transcendent sakti eminent
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00483-00120558-00120715 in creation the link between the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00484-00120716-00120916 macrocosm and the microcosm and a new
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00485-00120917-00121102 the limited atom or individual a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00486-00121103-00121271 complete image of the ultimate the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00487-00121272-00121601 microcosm of the macrocosm three powers
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00488-00121602-00121816 pitcher will j an honour knowledge and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00489-00121817-00122101 career action any action of any being
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00490-00122102-00122326 including God is subject to these three
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00491-00122327-00122701 fundamental energies iccha or will is in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00492-00122702-00122999 the beginning of any action or process J
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00493-00123000-00123182 manner by which the action is clearly
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00494-00123183-00123401 expressed first in mind before it is put
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00495-00123402-00123713 into action then comes Korea the energy
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00496-00123714-00124094 of the action three entities pati Shiva
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00497-00124095-00124501 Parsa bondage passu soul Shakti triad or
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00498-00124502-00124769 three goddesses para transcendence para
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00499-00124770-00124976 para transcendence and imminence and a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00500-00124977-00125300 para sakti eminence three aspects of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00501-00125301-00125525 knowledge prama tree the subject pramana
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00502-00125526-00125728 the modalities of knowledge and premiere
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00503-00125729-00125999 the known object three states of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00504-00126000-00126224 consciousness Jagger at awaken slapnut
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00505-00126225-00126516 dreaming and sushupti dreamless sleep
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00506-00126517-00126824 threefold spiritual path samba Opia
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00507-00126825-00127077 sack top higher and a nova pyre the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00508-00127078-00127283 transcendental triad precursor
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00509-00127283-00127564 luminosity v masseur dynamics samurai
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00510-00127565-00127871 sia homogeneous bliss the three
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00511-00127872-00128583 impurities in a Vimala maya karma
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00512-00128583-00129223 topic comparison with Advaita Vedanta
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00513-00129224-00129477 Kashmir Shaivism an advice of a dancer
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00514-00129478-00129682 are both non-dual philosophies that give
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00515-00129683-00129883 primacy to universal consciousness
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00516-00129883-00130200 Chittoor Brahman in Kashmir Shaivism all
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00517-00130201-00130372 things are a manifestation of this
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00518-00130373-00130546 consciousness but the phenomenal world
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00519-00130547-00130795 Shakti is real existing and having its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00520-00130796-00131455 being in consciousness JIT
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00521-00131456-00131994 topic texts
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00522-00131995-00132243 according to mark SG dykes Kowski
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00523-00132244-00132486 Kashmiri Trika Shaivism looks to three
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00524-00132487-00132750 scriptures as its primary authorities
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00525-00132751-00133035 the mallanna Vijaya Tara Tantra thus a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00526-00133036-00133239 diode is very martyr in the Anna market
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00527-00133240-00133491 entre as a monastic tantric system Trika
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00528-00133492-00133701 Shaivism as it is also known draws
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00529-00133702-00133890 teachings from shruti's such as the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00530-00133891-00134133 monastic by rava tantras shiva sutras of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00531-00134134-00134352 a segata and also a unique version of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00532-00134353-00134493 the back of our data which has a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00533-00134494-00134715 commentary by abhinavagupta known as the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00534-00134716-00134973 guitar the Sam Braja teachings are also
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00535-00134974-00135138 drawn from the Tantra Locher of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00536-00135139-00135333 abhinavagupta prominent among a vast
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00537-00135334-00135573 body of smritis employed by kashmir
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00538-00135574-00135882 shaivism in general the whole written
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00539-00135883-00136089 tradition of Shaivism can be divided in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00540-00136090-00136323 three fundamental parts agama sastra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00541-00136324-00136515 spandy sastra and pratt Jarbidge les
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00542-00136516-00136803 astra point one agama sastra are those
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00543-00136804-00136983 writings that are considered as being a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00544-00136984-00137247 direct revelation from shiva these
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00545-00137248-00137448 writings were first communicated orally
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00546-00137449-00137667 from the master to the worthy disciple
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00547-00137668-00137907 they include essential works such as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00548-00137908-00138162 mallanna Vijaya Tantra Vijender Tantra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00549-00138163-00138321 vijnana Bhairava Tantra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00550-00138322-00138555 netra Tantra merg Andhra Tantra Rudra
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00551-00138556-00138855 mala Tantra Sivir Sutra and others there
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00552-00138856-00139050 are also numerous commentaries to these
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00553-00139051-00139251 works sivir sutra having most of them
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00554-00139252-00139494 point to spanda sastra the main work of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00555-00139495-00139674 which is spanned Akari Kerr of Bartok
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00556-00139675-00139905 alotta a disciple of vasa Gupta with its
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00557-00139906-00140205 many commentaries out of them tour of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00558-00140206-00140307 major importance
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00559-00140308-00140526 spandy Sandow her this commentary talks
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00560-00140527-00140712 only about the first verses of span
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00561-00140713-00140928 dakar Rica and spandana Naya which is a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00562-00140929-00141149 commentary of the complete text point 3
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00563-00141150-00141381 prat char bijna sastra are those
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00564-00141382-00141519 writings which have mainly a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00565-00141520-00141747 metaphysical content due to their
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00566-00141748-00141903 extremely high spiritual and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00567-00141904-00142080 intellectual level this part of the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00568-00142081-00142248 written tradition of Shaivism is the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00569-00142249-00142451 least accessible for the uninitiated
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00570-00142452-00142725 nevertheless this corpus of writings
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00571-00142726-00142890 refer to the simplest and most direct
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00572-00142891-00143127 modality of spiritual realization
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00573-00143128-00143478 Pratt yardage no means recognition and
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00574-00143479-00143748 refers to the spontaneous recognition of
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00575-00143749-00143916 the divine nature hidden in each human
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00576-00143917-00144225 being Atman the most important works in
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00577-00144226-00144405 this category are is vara preacher
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00578-00144406-00144612 Biegler the fundamental work of ute pala
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00579-00144613-00144834 diva and pratt abhi Jahnavi messini a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00580-00144835-00145047 commentary to is vara prat yaar bijnor
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00581-00145048-00145338 is var apraxia bijna means in fact the
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00582-00145339-00145370 die
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00583-00145371-00145568 recognition of the Lord is Vera as
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00584-00145569-00145826 identical to one's heart before you
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00585-00145827-00146066 Paula diva his master so Menander wrote
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00586-00146067-00146273 Shiva Daksh Dee the vision of Shiva a
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00587-00146274-00146462 devotional poem written on multiple
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00588-00146463-00147072 levels of meaning
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00589-00147073-00147620 topic C also
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00590-00147621-00148102 la flesche Woori 13:22 1392 Bhagwan
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00591-00148103-00148597 Gopinath 1898 to 1968 Swami Laxman Zhu
+qg_JHQXb2pc-00592-00148598-00149224 1907 to 1991 equals equals notes
+qinZ7o1ZVGM-00000-00000047-00000616 [Music]
+qinZ7o1ZVGM-00001-00000617-00001491 [Music]
+qinZ7o1ZVGM-00002-00001492-00002269 foreign
+qinZ7o1ZVGM-00003-00002270-00002479 [Music]
+qinZ7o1ZVGM-00004-00002480-00002688 you
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00000-00000131-00001120 [Music]
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00001-00001121-00001409 okay weight loss the stone yes I am big
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00002-00001410-00001454 brother
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00003-00001455-00003171 let's go alright yeah yeah nice yeah
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00005-00007161-00007754 hey guys yeah
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00006-00007755-00008063 glad you two can make it guys hey Sonny
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00007-00008064-00008266 how you guys do it
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00008-00008267-00008744 hey yeah buddy right over here guys
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00009-00008745-00008975 bring plenty of sunscreen yeah listen to
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00010-00008976-00009476 Taylor Swift yes I did thanks boo take
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00011-00009477-00009755 Sonny's car to get here now that we're
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00012-00009756-00011985 all here time for lunch today
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00013-00011986-00012189 [Music]
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00014-00012190-00013083 I have an exam left by the seashell far
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00015-00013084-00013461 seashell collection great idea kind of
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00016-00013462-00013577 since it should be fine
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00017-00013578-00013884 how many cells do we need to find okay
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00018-00013885-00014963 so we have to find ten seashells okay
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00019-00014965-00015044 let's split up
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00020-00015046-00015996 check everything
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00021-00015997-00017628 hey guys over here
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00022-00017629-00017914 oh great jump
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00023-00017915-00018467 Thomas thanks sunny only six more to go
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00024-00018468-00019008 [Music]
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00025-00019009-00019311 it's a by myself this is that only three
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00026-00019312-00021658 award to go gay if I want self there's a
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00027-00021659-00021974 crab
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00028-00021975-00023065 [Music]
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00029-00023066-00024589 hey guys let's go
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00030-00024590-00025578 [Laughter]
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00031-00025579-00026415 financially I studied I believe I am an
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00032-00026416-00026980 idea what is let's come back tomorrow
+qjBMPQ4y7U8-00033-00026981-00028782 [Music]
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00000-00000575-00000734 do you ever wish you could have a life
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00001-00000735-00001023 do-over similar to a makeover or a house
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00002-00001024-00001262 renovation a chance to try something
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00003-00001263-00001495 again with a different result
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00004-00001496-00001679 try again with monique it's a place
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00005-00001680-00001847 where life's many questions and
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00006-00001848-00002047 challenges will be addressed with
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00007-00002048-00002367 inspiration with humor and real talk
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00008-00002368-00002583 you will either be inspired to try life
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00009-00002584-00002895 again over and over again or make some
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00010-00002896-00003071 really good lemonade from those sour
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00011-00003072-00003431 lemons either way i got you join me on
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00012-00003432-00003638 try again with monique wherever you are
+ro1w7kSXMXA-00013-00003639-00003988 listening in
+roKVHKGSlXc-00000-00000193-00000494 bisu Chinese Vice who you is a low
+roKVHKGSlXc-00001-00000495-00000659 lowish language of Thailand with a
+roKVHKGSlXc-00002-00000660-00000877 couple thousand speakers in China
+roKVHKGSlXc-00003-00000877-00001258 varieties RBIs you proper MV is you and
+roKVHKGSlXc-00004-00001259-00001504 LogMeIn Guba considered by Pelkey to be
+roKVHKGSlXc-00005-00001505-00001773 distinct languages
+roKVHKGSlXc-00006-00001773-00001986 the long me and are classified within
+roKVHKGSlXc-00007-00001987-00002217 the lahu ethnic group the lahu proper
+roKVHKGSlXc-00008-00002218-00002838 called him de lama Bradley 2007
+roKVHKGSlXc-00009-00002839-00003408 distribution according to Visser you
+roKVHKGSlXc-00010-00003409-00003729 Yanji you by su you Yan jus 2002 there
+roKVHKGSlXc-00011-00003729-00004029 are over 5,000 Bisu speakers in Yunnan
+roKVHKGSlXc-00012-00004029-00004353 China and a total of nearly 10,000 bisu
+roKVHKGSlXc-00013-00004354-00004620 speakers in all countries combined with
+roKVHKGSlXc-00014-00004621-00004854 in yunnan it is spoken mostly in poor
+roKVHKGSlXc-00015-00004855-00005064 prefecture as well as neighboring parts
+roKVHKGSlXc-00016-00005065-00005300 of Qi Shang Bana
+roKVHKGSlXc-00017-00005301-00005823 Lincoln County Lancang jian zhu qingxue
+roKVHKGSlXc-00018-00005824-00006288 Kang Chang da sage I belong the in Lao
+roKVHKGSlXc-00019-00006289-00006723 Mian see long bein language level of
+roKVHKGSlXc-00020-00006723-00007286 Bashan Don Lang dong Liang Shang
+roKVHKGSlXc-00021-00007287-00007797 foobie foobie Shawn manga County Maine
+roKVHKGSlXc-00022-00007798-00008472 hi Cheyenne Benjamin J Shawn luff ins a
+roKVHKGSlXc-00023-00008473-00008937 lap enjoy seal up in language Ziming
+roKVHKGSlXc-00024-00008938-00009348 County she meant she on bliss wooly
+roKVHKGSlXc-00025-00009349-00009780 soooo shang ming lien county mainly and
+roKVHKGSlXc-00026-00009781-00010251 she on Nonya Nanyang in thailand two
+roKVHKGSlXc-00027-00010252-00010494 dialects of vis you are spoken in the
+roKVHKGSlXc-00028-00010495-00010677 following villages of fan district
+roKVHKGSlXc-00029-00010678-00010893 Chiang Rai province this will you Yan GU
+roKVHKGSlXc-00030-00010894-00011295 2002 to 152
+roKVHKGSlXc-00031-00011296-00011574 dialect one white chompoo village also
+roKVHKGSlXc-00032-00011575-00012024 called van huis on enjoy Pui village
+roKVHKGSlXc-00033-00012025-00012285 dialect two fat Anguilla Jia note their
+roKVHKGSlXc-00034-00012286-00012528 variety of Bisu differing from the file
+roKVHKGSlXc-00035-00012529-00012808 variety is spoken in tact van thaka may
+roKVHKGSlXc-00036-00012809-00013216 su AI district Chiang Rai province
+roKVHKGSlXc-00037-00013218-00013700 in Laos vis you PI 33 su 44 also called
+roKVHKGSlXc-00038-00013701-00013936 Lao Phi is spoken in Fudd action village
+roKVHKGSlXc-00039-00013937-00014234 Fong Sayle district
+roKVHKGSlXc-00040-00014235-00014972 references bradley david 2007 language
+roKVHKGSlXc-00041-00014974-00015204 endangerment in China and mainland
+roKVHKGSlXc-00042-00015205-00015534 Southeast Asia in Matthias Bren zinger
+roKVHKGSlXc-00043-00015535-00015807 add language diversity endangered New
+roKVHKGSlXc-00044-00015808-00016113 York Mouton de Gruyter
+roKVHKGSlXc-00045-00016113-00016523 further reading
+roKVHKGSlXc-00046-00016524-00016910 link to the New Testament in Bisu HTTP
+roKVHKGSlXc-00047-00016911-00017387 colon slash slash WWV Volcom slash Bible
+roKVHKGSlXc-00048-00017388-00018041 slash one 705 / JH n dot 1 present
+r0aGbualTFQ-00000-00000061-00000118 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00001-00000119-00000459 foreign
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+r0aGbualTFQ-00029-00046416-00046996 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00031-00050202-00050389 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00033-00054362-00054709 thank you
+r0aGbualTFQ-00034-00054710-00056500 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00035-00056501-00056897 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00036-00056898-00059753 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00037-00059754-00059896 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00039-00063072-00063201 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00040-00063202-00065956 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00041-00065957-00066224 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00043-00069504-00069668 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00045-00072870-00073059 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00047-00077030-00077379 thank you
+r0aGbualTFQ-00048-00077380-00079169 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00049-00079170-00079567 foreign
+r0aGbualTFQ-00050-00079568-00082426 [Music]
+r0aGbualTFQ-00051-00082427-00082566 foreign
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+r0aGbualTFQ-00054-00085872-00087728 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00000-00000000-00001078 foreign
+r1ewCwxKI28-00001-00001079-00001826 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00002-00001827-00003023 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00003-00003024-00003406 foreign
+r1ewCwxKI28-00004-00003407-00004147 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00005-00004148-00005204 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00006-00005205-00006326 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00007-00006327-00006653 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00008-00006654-00007426 foreign
+r1ewCwxKI28-00009-00007427-00008811 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00010-00008812-00009910 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00011-00009911-00010220 foreign
+r1ewCwxKI28-00012-00010221-00010969 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00013-00010970-00012506 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00014-00012507-00013349 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00015-00013350-00013382 foreign
+r1ewCwxKI28-00016-00013383-00014399 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00017-00014400-00015576 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00018-00015577-00016811 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00019-00016812-00017225 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00020-00017226-00017715 Mommy
+r1ewCwxKI28-00021-00017716-00018857 [Music]
+r1ewCwxKI28-00022-00018858-00019574 [Music]
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00000-00000008-00000271 okay so i know that when we're thinking
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00001-00000272-00000526 about going to college or you know your
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00002-00000527-00000734 undergraduate degree you're like man i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00003-00000735-00000886 have to get into a good college so that
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00004-00000888-00001079 i can graduate from a good college and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00005-00001080-00001374 get in to a good job because of the
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00006-00001375-00001639 school that i went to um a lot of you
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00007-00001639-00001934 know what we feel or what we think
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00008-00001935-00002207 matters most is about like the name and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00009-00002208-00002455 the prestige of like where you've worked
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00010-00002456-00002591 where you've gone to school who your
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00011-00002592-00002839 parents are who your family is um and a
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00012-00002840-00003055 lot of the world is based on that and so
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00013-00003056-00003270 it was asked is it the same for pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00014-00003271-00003406 school does it really matter what kind
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00015-00003407-00003647 of pa school you go to um and this was
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00016-00003647-00003911 posed from one of the live sessions that
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00017-00003911-00004015 i did
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00018-00004015-00004286 um which i typically do on tuesdays and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00019-00004287-00004359 it
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00020-00004360-00004486 goes through all of the various
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00021-00004487-00004631 different i go through a different pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00022-00004632-00004870 school every week and so we were talking
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00023-00004871-00005102 about how much it cost and this question
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00024-00005103-00005270 was posed so i wanted to answer that
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00025-00005271-00005415 question for you so let's get into the
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00026-00005416-00005991 video right now
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00027-00005992-00006167 all right what's up you guys it's anna
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00028-00006168-00006286 welcome back to my channel thank you
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00029-00006287-00006463 guys so much for joining me today i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00030-00006464-00006678 really appreciate you if you have not
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00031-00006679-00006839 been to my channel before this is your
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00032-00006840-00007023 first time ever go ahead take a look
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00033-00007023-00007198 around if you like what you see go ahead
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00034-00007200-00007551 and subscribe okay so again we're all
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00035-00007552-00007767 about prestige in this world right we're
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00036-00007768-00007903 all about like the name and that
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00037-00007904-00008231 recognition and you know i think it was
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00038-00008232-00008455 really more of like an old type of not
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00039-00008456-00008759 true adage but an old belief that
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00040-00008760-00008967 if you go to a good college
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00041-00008968-00009119 if you come if you come from a good
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00042-00009120-00009406 family you will get a good job and then
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00043-00009407-00009671 essentially have a good life okay and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00044-00009672-00009863 you know i i think as the world has
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00045-00009864-00010110 continued to develop and life has
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00046-00010111-00010206 changed
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00047-00010207-00010342 we realize that you don't really need to
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00048-00010343-00010527 go to a good college to get a good job i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00049-00010528-00010751 mean look at all of uh you know the
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00050-00010752-00010919 youtubers out there who are really doing
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00051-00010920-00011214 a good job and making it as youtube
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00052-00011215-00011431 creators and are making a really good
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00053-00011432-00011591 life for themselves and their families
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00054-00011592-00011831 and you know some of them didn't go to
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00055-00011832-00011999 college some of them are still in like
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00056-00012000-00012159 middle school and high school some are
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00057-00012160-00012367 even in elementary school so
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00058-00012368-00012574 that is really out of the window out of
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00059-00012575-00012830 the door right however if you're already
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00060-00012831-00013102 on this path of going to school going to
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00061-00013103-00013263 undergrad you're trying to get into pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00062-00013263-00013503 school specifically which is a master's
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00063-00013504-00013830 level degree uh your your concern is
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00064-00013831-00014015 okay hey you know do i need to go to a
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00065-00014016-00014279 great pa school to get a great pa job
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00066-00014280-00014463 and i wanted to answer those questions
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00067-00014463-00014615 for you because it's a really quick and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00068-00014616-00014758 short and easy answer and a really quick
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00069-00014759-00014935 and short and easy video the answer is
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00070-00014936-00015158 no no you do not need to go to a
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00071-00015159-00015422 prestigious or well-named pa school now
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00072-00015423-00015599 there are various programs out there
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00073-00015600-00015886 like duke and emery
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00074-00015887-00016119 who are kind of big names in the pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00075-00016119-00016494 scope well-known pa programs um they
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00076-00016495-00016663 have the prestige that you're looking
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00077-00016664-00016911 for but it really and truly does not
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00078-00016912-00017303 matter honestly um i was not asked i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00079-00017304-00017558 think maybe asked once on one of my
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00080-00017559-00017783 interviews as a new grad what school i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00081-00017784-00018055 went to but it really didn't matter
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00082-00018056-00018222 all that matters is do you have that c
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00083-00018223-00018463 behind your name okay are you a pac have
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00084-00018464-00018735 you been certified if you have then they
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00085-00018736-00018863 know that the training that you've
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00086-00018864-00019103 gotten in pa school you would have gone
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00087-00019104-00019311 through all these different rotations
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00088-00019312-00019683 and as pas they will train you on what
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00089-00019684-00019886 specifically the skills that you may
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00090-00019887-00020071 need for their job
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00091-00020072-00020286 and that's the beauty about being a pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00092-00020287-00020519 you can just transition and go from like
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00093-00020520-00020711 specialty to specialty and get that on
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00094-00020712-00020943 the job training because the basis of
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00095-00020944-00021135 the medicine stays the same and you know
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00096-00021136-00021319 that basis you know that foundation and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00097-00021320-00021439 so
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00098-00021440-00021750 no you don't need to go to a prestigious
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00099-00021751-00022078 well-known pa program to get a good job
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00100-00022079-00022230 you just really have to search for it
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00101-00022231-00022463 and do well on your interview and this
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00102-00022464-00022735 process of understanding like how to
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00103-00022736-00022855 interview well
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00104-00022856-00023086 how to articulate yourself well enough
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00105-00023087-00023335 and get your point across in such a way
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00106-00023336-00023607 that people will kind of resonate with
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00107-00023608-00023855 what you're trying to tell them and what
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00108-00023856-00023991 you're saying and who you are as a
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00109-00023992-00024183 person those are the skills that you
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00110-00024184-00024375 really have to hone when trying to find
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00111-00024376-00024527 a job if you don't learn that in pa
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00112-00024528-00024639 school that's something that you can
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00113-00024640-00024942 obviously learn um afterwards uh you can
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00114-00024943-00025103 learn it through youtube videos you can
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00115-00025104-00025278 learn it through like life coaches and
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00116-00025279-00025486 things interview coaches but ultimately
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00117-00025487-00025639 that is what's really going to kick you
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00118-00025639-00025974 over in terms of getting a good job now
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00119-00025975-00026407 you can always go to like secondary um
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00120-00026408-00026735 you know pa school like you can do
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00121-00026736-00026918 essentially like a pa fellowship where
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00122-00026919-00027111 you go to school for an extra year in a
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00123-00027112-00027335 particular field for those fields of
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00124-00027336-00027455 study that are a little bit more
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00125-00027456-00027646 difficult to get into right out of ph
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00126-00027647-00027918 school like emergency medicine or
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00127-00027919-00028231 women's health but you don't need to you
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00128-00028232-00028455 can just get the job get the experience
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00129-00028456-00028718 and then transition after that okay so i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00130-00028719-00028870 hope that i answered your question if
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00131-00028872-00028999 you have any other questions for me
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00132-00029000-00029111 please leave in the comment section
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00133-00029112-00029343 below if you guys want to see me like do
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00134-00029344-00029495 shorts i've been seeing these shorts
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00135-00029495-00029687 come out and i'm like you know is this
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00136-00029688-00029855 something that i should do like give me
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00137-00029856-00030087 a like and tell me
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00138-00030088-00030287 what you think my shorts
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00139-00030288-00030495 should be about and we can go from there
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00140-00030495-00030662 and see if we can make this thing happen
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00141-00030663-00030911 i really like your input you guys have
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00142-00030912-00031102 built this channel with me and so i'm
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00143-00031103-00031327 really i really do take all of your
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00144-00031327-00031662 suggestions into consideration okay uh
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00145-00031663-00031855 if you haven't already done so like this
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00146-00031856-00032039 video go ahead and subscribe follow me
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00147-00032039-00032223 on instagram and on the pa and on
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00148-00032224-00032407 instagram and get that c university
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00149-00032408-00032558 thank you guys so much for watching i
+r2Ww47Jut9u-00150-00032560-00033068 will talk to you guys next time bye
+r43xLVFnu0y-00000-00000911-00002295 so
+r43xLVFnu0y-00001-00002296-00002891 hmm
+r43xLVFnu0y-00002-00002892-00004813 [Music]
+r43xLVFnu0y-00003-00004814-00005022 [Music]
+r43xLVFnu0y-00004-00005023-00005411 to go
+r43xLVFnu0y-00005-00005412-00006452 [Music]
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00000-00000035-00000343 formaldehyde systematic name methanol is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00001-00000344-00000559 a naturally occurring organic compound
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00002-00000560-00000944 with the formula ch2oh Cho it is the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00003-00000944-00001202 simplest of the aldehydes are Cho the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00004-00001203-00001394 common name of this substance comes from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00005-00001395-00001598 its similarity in relation to formic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00006-00001599-00001895 acid formaldehyde is an important
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00007-00001896-00002101 precursor to many other materials and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00008-00002102-00002480 chemical compounds in 1996 the installed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00009-00002481-00002633 capacity for the production of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00010-00002634-00002891 formaldehyde was estimated at 8.7
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00011-00002892-00003149 million tons per year it is mainly used
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00012-00003150-00003368 in the production of industrial resins
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00013-00003369-00003645 eg for particle board and coatings in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00014-00003646-00003959 view of its widespread use toxicity and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00015-00003960-00004166 volatility formaldehyde poses a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00016-00004167-00004411 significant danger to human health in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00017-00004412-00004645 2011 the u.s. national toxicology
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00018-00004646-00004961 program described formaldehyde as known
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00019-00004962-00005636 to be a human carcinogen
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00020-00005637-00006210 topic forms of formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00021-00006211-00006459 formaldehyde is more complicated than
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00022-00006461-00006679 many simple carbon compounds in that it
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00023-00006680-00006970 adopts several different forms as a gas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00024-00006970-00007183 formaldehyde is colorless and has a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00025-00007184-00007419 characteristic pungent irritating odor
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00026-00007420-00007720 upon condensation the gas converts to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00027-00007720-00007935 various other forms of formaldehyde with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00028-00007936-00008124 different chemical formulas that are of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00029-00008125-00008257 more practical value
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00030-00008258-00008514 one important derivative is the cyclic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00031-00008515-00008758 trimer meta formaldehyde one-three-five
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00032-00008759-00009169 trioxane with the formula c h 2o 3 there
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00033-00009170-00009367 is also a linear polymer called para
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00034-00009368-00009565 formaldehyde these compounds have
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00035-00009566-00009760 similar chemical properties and are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00036-00009761-00010030 often used interchangeably when
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00037-00010031-00010144 dissolved in water
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00038-00010145-00010341 formaldehyde also forms a hydrate
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00039-00010342-00010591 methane deal with the formula H 2 carbon
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00040-00010592-00010930 d hydroxide this compound also exists in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00041-00010931-00011160 equilibrium with various oligomers short
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00042-00011161-00011320 polymers depending on the concentration
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00043-00011321-00011620 in temperature a saturated water
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00044-00011621-00011794 solution of about 40 percent
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00045-00011795-00012082 formaldehyde by volume or 37 percent by
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00046-00012083-00012416 mass is called 100 percent formalin a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00047-00012417-00012643 small amount of stabilizer
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00048-00012644-00012868 such as methanol is usually added to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00049-00012869-00013110 suppress oxidation in polymerization a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00050-00013111-00013360 typical commercial-grade formal and may
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00051-00013361-00013588 contain 10 to 12 percent methanol in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00052-00013588-00013797 addition to various metallic impurities
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00053-00013797-00014091 the name was long ago genericized from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00054-00014093-00014776 an old trade name formalin
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00055-00014777-00015308 topic occurrence
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00056-00015309-00015479 processes in the upper atmosphere
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00057-00015480-00015732 contribute up to 90 percent of the total
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00058-00015733-00015944 formaldehyde in the environment
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00059-00015944-00016166 formaldehyde as an intermediate in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00060-00016168-00016394 oxidation or combustion of methane as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00061-00016395-00016650 well as of other carbon compounds eg in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00062-00016651-00016872 forest fires automobile exhaust and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00063-00016873-00017136 tobacco smoke when produced in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00064-00017137-00017343 atmosphere by the action of sunlight and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00065-00017344-00017556 oxygen on atmospheric methane and other
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00066-00017557-00017840 hydrocarbons it becomes part of smog
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00067-00017841-00018081 formaldehyde has also been detected in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00068-00018082-00018144 outer space
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00069-00018145-00018477 see below formaldehyde and its adducts
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00070-00018478-00018732 are ubiquitous in living organisms it is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00071-00018733-00018912 formed in the metabolism of endogenous
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00072-00018913-00019113 amino acids and is found in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00073-00019114-00019263 bloodstream of humans and other primates
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00074-00019264-00019590 at concentrations of approximately 0.1
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00075-00019591-00019896 milli molar experiments in which animals
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00076-00019897-00020109 are exposed to an atmosphere containing
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00077-00020110-00020331 isotopically labeled formaldehyde have
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00078-00020332-00020517 demonstrated that even in deliberately
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00079-00020518-00020721 exposed animals the majority of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00080-00020722-00020940 formaldehyde DNA adducts found in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00081-00020941-00021150 non-respiratory tissues are derived from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00082-00021151-00021357 endogenously produced formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00083-00021358-00021564 formaldehyde does not accumulate in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00084-00021565-00021735 environment because it is broken down
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00085-00021736-00021944 within a few hours by sunlight or by
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00086-00021945-00022275 bacteria present in soil or water humans
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00087-00022276-00022467 metabolize formaldehyde quickly
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00088-00022468-00022686 converting it to formic acid so it does
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00089-00022687-00023300 not accumulate in the body
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00090-00023301-00023865 topic interstellar formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00091-00023866-00024151 formaldehyde was the first polyatomic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00092-00024152-00024337 organic molecule detected in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00093-00024338-00024571 interstellar medium since its initial
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00094-00024572-00024868 detection in 1969 it has been observed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00095-00024869-00025168 in many regions of the galaxy because of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00096-00025169-00025354 the widespread interest in interstellar
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00097-00025355-00025531 formaldehyde it has recently been
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00098-00025532-00025752 extensively studied yielding new extra
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00099-00025754-00026052 galactic sources a proposed mechanism
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00100-00026054-00026239 for the formation as the hydrogenation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00101-00026239-00026908 of Co ice shown below h + co h co h co +
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00102-00026908-00027256 h c h2o rate constant equals nine point
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00103-00027257-00027532 2 times 10 minus 3 s minus 1
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00104-00027533-00027714 formaldehyde appears to be a useful
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00105-00027716-00027943 probe for astro chemists due to its low
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00106-00027944-00028141 reactivity in the gas phase and to the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00107-00028142-00028602 fact that the 110 111 and 211 212 k
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00108-00028604-00028824 doublet transitions are rather clear on
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00109-00028825-00029113 the 11th of August 2014
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00110-00029114-00029338 astronomers released studies using the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00111-00029339-00029433 Atacama Large millimeter/submillimeter
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00112-00029435-00029782 Array Alma for the first time that
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00113-00029783-00030154 detailed the distribution of HCN hn ch2
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00114-00030155-00030427 co and dust inside the co may of comets
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00115-00030427-00031393 c 2012 f6 lemon and c 2012 s1 Ison
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00116-00031394-00031669 topic synthesis and industrial
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00117-00031670-00032050 production
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00118-00032051-00032400 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00119-00032401-00033045 topic history formaldehyde was first
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00120-00033046-00033321 reported in 1859 by the Russian chemist
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00121-00033322-00033687 Alexander Butler ah've 1828 to 86 and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00122-00033688-00033993 was conclusively identified in 1869 by
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00123-00033994-00034633 August Wilhelm von Hoffman
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00124-00034634-00035110 topic industry
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00125-00035111-00035390 formaldehyde is produced industrially by
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00126-00035391-00035651 the catalytic oxidation of methanol the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00127-00035652-00035861 most common catalysts are silver metal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00128-00035862-00036014 or a mixture of an iron and molybdenum
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00129-00036015-00036341 or vanadium oxides in the commonly used
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00130-00036342-00036605 formics process methanol and oxygen
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00131-00036606-00037058 react at CA 250 to 400 degrees Celsius
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00132-00037059-00037316 in presence of iron oxide in combination
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00133-00037317-00037505 with molybdenum and/or vanadium to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00134-00037506-00037685 produce formaldehyde according to the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00135-00037686-00038255 chemical equation to ch3oh + o2 2 CH 2 O
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00136-00038256-00038570 plus 2h2 auth silver based catalyst
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00137-00038571-00038726 usually operates at a higher temperature
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00138-00038727-00039179 about 650 degrees Celsius to chemical
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00139-00039180-00039407 reactions on it simultaneously produced
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00140-00039408-00039608 formaldehyde that shown above and the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00141-00039609-00040148 dehydrogenation reaction ch3oh C h2o +
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00142-00040149-00040421 h2 in principle formaldehyde could be
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00143-00040422-00040649 generated by oxidation of methane but
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00144-00040650-00040844 this route is not industrially viable
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00145-00040845-00040994 because the methanol is more easily
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00146-00040995-00041634 oxidized than methane
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00147-00041635-00042067 topic organic chemistry
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00148-00042068-00042230 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00149-00042231-00042464 formaldehyde as a building block in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00150-00042465-00042657 synthesis of many other compounds of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00151-00042658-00042857 specialized in industrial significance
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00152-00042858-00043112 it exhibits most of the chemical
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00153-00043113-00043314 properties of other aldehydes but is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00154-00043315-00043862 more reactive
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00155-00043863-00044515 topic self condensation and hydration
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00156-00044516-00044753 formaldehyde unlike most aldehydes
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00157-00044754-00045056 oligomers s1 taneous li the trimer is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00158-00045057-00045275 trioxane and the polymer is called para
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00159-00045276-00045530 formaldehyde many cyclic oligomers have
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00160-00045531-00045614 been isolated
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00161-00045615-00045866 similarly formaldehyde hydrates to give
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00162-00045867-00046079 the geminal deal which condenses further
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00163-00046080-00046508 to form oligomers o CH 2 o NH monomeric
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00164-00046509-00047180 CH 2 O is rarely encountered
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00165-00047181-00047683 topic oxidation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00166-00047684-00047902 it is more readily oxidized by
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00167-00047903-00048190 atmospheric oxygen into formic acid for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00168-00048191-00048388 this reason commercial formaldehyde is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00169-00048389-00049090 typically contaminated with formic acid
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00170-00049091-00049376 topic hydroxi methylation and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00171-00049377-00049793 chloromethyl ation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00172-00049794-00050076 formaldehyde is a good electrophile with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00173-00050077-00050322 good nucleophiles such as thiols amines
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00174-00050323-00050568 and even amides no acid catalyst is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00175-00050569-00050826 required the resulting hydroxymethyl
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00176-00050827-00051108 derivatives typically react further thus
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00177-00051109-00051377 amines give a chi XA hyd ro
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00178-00051378-00051726 one-three-five triazines similarly when
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00179-00051727-00051951 combined with hydrogen sulfide it forms
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00180-00051952-00052592 tri thine 3 CH 2 o plus 3 H 2 s CH 2 s 3
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00181-00052594-00052887 plus 3 H 2 O in the presence of acids it
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00182-00052888-00053100 participates in electrophilic aromatic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00183-00053101-00053354 substitution reactions with aromatic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00184-00053355-00053550 compounds resulting in hydroxy
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00185-00053551-00053973 methylated derivatives AR h + CH 2 O
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00186-00053974-00054249 arch 2 O n conducted in the presence of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00187-00054250-00054438 hydrogen chloride the product is the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00188-00054439-00054641 chloromethyl compound as described in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00189-00054642-00054873 the Blanc clora methylation if the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00190-00054874-00055091 arena's electron rich as in phenols
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00191-00055092-00055407 elaborate condensations ensue with four
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00192-00055408-00055650 substituted phenols one obtains calyx or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00193-00055651-00056312 eans phenol results in polymers
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00194-00056313-00056853 topic base reactions
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00195-00056854-00057105 Cannizzaro reaction in the presence of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00196-00057107-00057330 basic catalysts to produce formic acid
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00197-00057332-00057925 in methanol
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00198-00057926-00058434 topic uses
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00199-00058435-00058771 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00200-00058772-00059390 topic industrial applications
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00201-00059391-00059634 formaldehyde is a common precursor to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00202-00059635-00059876 more complex compounds and materials an
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00203-00059877-00060039 approximate order of decreasing
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00204-00060040-00060266 consumption products generated from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00205-00060267-00060453 formaldehyde include urea formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00206-00060454-00060708 resin melamine resin phenol-formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00207-00060709-00061053 resin polyoxymethylene plastics 1-4
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00208-00061054-00061215 butanediol and methylene diphenyl
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00209-00061216-00061572 diisocyanate the textile industry uses
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00210-00061573-00061779 formaldehyde based resins as finishers
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00211-00061779-00061994 to make fabrics crease resistant
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00212-00061995-00062253 formaldehyde based materials are key to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00213-00062254-00062460 the manufacturer of automobiles and used
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00214-00062461-00062625 to make components for the transmission
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00215-00062626-00062859 electrical system engine block door
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00216-00062860-00063183 panels axles and brake shoes the value
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00217-00063184-00063387 of sales of formaldehyde and derivative
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00218-00063388-00063720 products was over 145 billion dollars in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00219-00063721-00064038 2003 about 1.2 percent of the gross
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00220-00064039-00064308 domestic product GDP of the United
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00221-00064309-00064587 States and Canada including indirect
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00222-00064588-00064824 employment over 4 million people work in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00223-00064825-00064986 the formaldehyde industry across
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00224-00064987-00065289 approximately 11,000 900 plants in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00225-00065290-00065601 US and Canada when treated with phenol
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00226-00065602-00065874 urea or melamine formaldehyde produces
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00227-00065875-00066090 respectively hard thermoset phenol
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00228-00066091-00066270 formaldehyde resin urea formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00229-00066271-00066609 resin and melamine resin these polymers
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00230-00066610-00066825 are common permanent adhesives used in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00231-00066826-00067050 plywood and carpeting it is used as the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00232-00067051-00067266 wet strength resin added to sanitary
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00233-00067267-00067455 paper products such as listed in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00234-00067456-00067683 increasing concentrations injected into
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00235-00067684-00067905 the paper machine headstock chest facial
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00236-00067906-00068126 tissue table napkins and rolled towels
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00237-00068127-00068406 they are also phone to make insulation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00238-00068407-00068706 or cast into molded products production
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00239-00068707-00068910 of formaldehyde resins accounts for more
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00240-00068911-00069164 than half of formaldehyde consumption
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00241-00069165-00069429 formaldehyde is also a precursor to poly
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00242-00069430-00069594 functional alcohols such as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00243-00069595-00069765 pentaerythritol which is used to make
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00244-00069766-00070062 paints and explosives other formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00245-00070063-00070245 derivatives include methylene diphenyl
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00246-00070246-00070518 diisocyanate an important component in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00247-00070519-00070707 polyurethane paints and foams and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00248-00070708-00070890 hexamine which is used in phenol
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00249-00070891-00071067 formaldehyde resins as well as the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00250-00071068-00071409 explosive RDX condensation with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00251-00071410-00071652 acetaldehyde affords pentaerythritol a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00252-00071653-00071943 chemical necessary in synthesizing PETN
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00253-00071944-00072234 a high explosive condensation with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00254-00072235-00072596 phenols gives phenol formaldehyde resins
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00255-00072597-00072920 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00256-00072921-00073423 topic niche uses
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00257-00073424-00073747 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00258-00073748-00074316 topic disinfectant in biocide
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00259-00074317-00074580 an aqueous solution of formaldehyde can
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00260-00074581-00074793 be useful as a disinfectant as it kills
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00261-00074794-00075030 most bacteria and fungi including their
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00262-00075031-00075291 spores it is used to produce killed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00263-00075292-00075569 vaccines formaldehyde releasers are used
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00264-00075570-00075806 as biocides in personal care products
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00265-00075807-00076074 such as cosmetics although present at
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00266-00076075-00076268 levels not normally considered harmful
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00267-00076269-00076449 they are known to cause allergic contact
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00268-00076450-00076665 dermatitis in certain sensitized
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00269-00076666-00076913 individuals aquarist used formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00270-00076914-00077112 as a treatment for the parasite sick the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00271-00077113-00077337 ethereal t feel ease in crypto carry-on
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00272-00077338-00077556 irritants formaldehyde is also approved
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00273-00077557-00077760 for use in the manufacture of animal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00274-00077761-00077931 feeds in the u.s. it is an antimicrobial
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00275-00077932-00078186 agent used to maintain complete animal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00276-00078187-00078375 feeds or feed ingredient salmonella
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00277-00078376-00079017 negative for up to 21 days
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00278-00079018-00079673 topic tissue fixative an embalming agent
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00279-00079674-00079923 formaldehyde preserves or fixes tissue
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00280-00079924-00080166 ourselves the process involves
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00281-00080167-00080382 cross-linking of primary amino groups
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00282-00080383-00080622 the European Union has banned the use of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00283-00080623-00080811 formaldehyde due to its carcinogenic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00284-00080812-00081057 properties as a biocide including
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00285-00081058-00081264 embalming under the biocidal products
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00286-00081265-00081660 directive 98 8cc countries with a strong
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00287-00081661-00081888 tradition of embalming corpses such as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00288-00081889-00082035 Ireland and other colder weather
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00289-00082036-00082329 countries have raised concerns despite
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00290-00082330-00082554 reports to the contrary no decision on
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00291-00082555-00082794 the inclusion of formaldehyde on nxi of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00292-00082795-00082998 the biocidal products directive for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00293-00082999-00083208 project type 22 embalming and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00294-00083209-00083409 taxidermist fluids had been made as of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00295-00083410-00083679 September 2009 formaldehyde based
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00296-00083680-00083898 cross-linking is exploited in chip on
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00297-00083899-00084099 chip or chip sequencing genomics
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00298-00084100-00084346 experiments where DNA binding proteins
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00299-00084347-00084492 are cross linked to their cognate
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00300-00084493-00084669 binding sites on the chromosome and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00301-00084670-00084846 analyzed to determine what genes are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00302-00084847-00085131 regulated by the proteins formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00303-00085132-00085377 is also used as a denaturing agent in R
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00304-00085378-00085656 and a gel electrophoresis preventing RNA
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00305-00085657-00085892 from forming secondary structures a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00306-00085893-00086193 solution of 4% formaldehyde fixes
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00307-00086194-00086424 pathology tissue specimens at about one
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00308-00086425-00087086 millimetre per hour at room temperature
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00309-00087087-00087725 topic drug testing formaldehyde and an
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00310-00087726-00088013 18m concentrated sulphuric acid makes
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00311-00088014-00088219 mark key reagent which can identify
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00312-00088220-00088882 alkaloids and other compounds
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00313-00088883-00089368 topic photography
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00314-00089369-00089641 in photography formaldehyde is used in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00315-00089642-00089833 low concentrations for processed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00316-00089834-00090136 c41 color negative film stabilizer in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00317-00090137-00090328 the final wash step as well as in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00318-00090329-00090568 process East six pre bleach step to make
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00319-00090569-00090804 it unnecessary in the final wash a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00320-00090805-00091165 stringent formaldehyde topical can be
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00321-00091166-00091333 used as an antiperspirant to treat
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00322-00091334-00091780 hyperhidrosis topic safety the safety of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00323-00091781-00092023 formaldehyde is very complicated it
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00324-00092024-00092227 occurs naturally and as an essential
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00325-00092228-00092440 intermediate in cellular metabolism in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00326-00092441-00092641 mammals in humans it is not acutely
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00327-00092642-00092836 toxic as ingestion of many milliliters
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00328-00092837-00093109 is tolerated the main concerns are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00329-00093110-00093265 associated with chronic long-term
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00330-00093266-00093574 exposure by inhalation this may happen
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00331-00093575-00093781 through three main sources thermal or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00332-00093782-00093970 chemical decomposition of formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00333-00093971-00094186 based resins emission from aqueous
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00334-00094187-00094447 formaldehyde solutions ie embalming
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00335-00094448-00094591 fluids and the production of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00336-00094592-00094747 formaldehyde resulting from the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00337-00094748-00094945 combustion of a variety of organic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00338-00094946-00095220 compounds for example exhaust gases as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00339-00095221-00095482 formaldehyde resins are used in many
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00340-00095483-00095692 construction materials it is one of the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00341-00095693-00095947 more common indoor air pollutants at
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00342-00095948-00096271 concentrations above 0.1 ppm in air
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00343-00096272-00096472 formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00344-00096473-00096673 mucous membranes resulting in watery
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00345-00096674-00096934 eyes formaldehyde inhaled at this
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00346-00096935-00097129 concentration may cause headaches a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00347-00097130-00097312 burning sensation in the throat and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00348-00097313-00097510 difficulty breathing and can trigger or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00349-00097511-00097753 aggravate asthma symptoms a 1988
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00350-00097754-00097975 Canadian study of houses with urea
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00351-00097976-00098191 formaldehyde foam insulation found that
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00352-00098192-00098581 formaldehyde levels as low as 0.04 6 ppm
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00353-00098582-00098812 were positively correlated with eye and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00354-00098813-00099067 nasal irritation a recent review of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00355-00099068-00099295 studies has shown a strong association
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00356-00099296-00099505 between exposure to formaldehyde and the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00357-00099506-00099754 development of childhood asthma the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00358-00099755-00099955 primary exposure concern is for the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00359-00099956-00100156 workers in the industries producing or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00360-00100157-00100387 using formaldehyde the formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00361-00100388-00100662 theory of carcinogenesis was proposed in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00362-00100663-00101131 1978 in 1987 the US EPA classified it as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00363-00101132-00101353 a probable human carcinogen and after
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00364-00101354-00101599 more studies the w-h-o International
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00365-00101600-00101904 Agency for research on cancer IASE in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00366-00101905-00102205 1995 also classified it as a probable
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00367-00102206-00102490 human carcinogen further information and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00368-00102491-00102751 evaluation of all known data led the IAR
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00369-00102752-00102969 see to reclassify formaldehyde as a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00370-00102970-00103192 known human carcinogen associated with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00371-00103193-00103378 nasal sinus cancer and nasopharyngeal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00372-00103379-00103710 cancer recent studies have also shown a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00373-00103711-00103932 positive correlation between exposure to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00374-00103933-00104125 formaldehyde and the development of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00375-00104126-00104397 leukemia particularly myeloid leukemia
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00376-00104398-00104689 nasopharyngeal and sinonasal cancers are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00377-00104690-00104881 relatively rare with a combined annual
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00378-00104882-00105157 incidence in the United States the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00379-00105158-00105388 Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00380-00105389-00105580 has also announced limits on the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00381-00105581-00105745 formaldehyde levels in trailers
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00382-00105746-00106011 purchased by that agency the EPA
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00383-00106013-00106263 recommends the use of exterior grade
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00384-00106264-00106501 pressed wood products with female
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00385-00106502-00106681 instead of urea resin to limit
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00386-00106682-00106900 formaldehyde exposure since pressed wood
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00387-00106901-00107122 products containing formaldehyde resins
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00388-00107123-00107283 are often a significant source of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00389-00107284-00107614 formaldehyde in homes for most people
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00390-00107615-00107784 irritation from formaldehyde is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00391-00107785-00107950 temporary and reversible though
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00392-00107951-00108163 formaldehyde can cause allergies and is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00393-00108164-00108358 part of the standard patch test series
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00394-00108358-00108727 in 2005 o6 it was the seventh most
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00395-00108728-00109003 prevalent allergen in patch tests 9.0
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00396-00109004-00109231 percent people with formaldehyde allergy
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00397-00109232-00109414 are advised to avoid formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00398-00109415-00109693 releasers as well eg quaternion 15
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00399-00109694-00109882 imidazole and mill urea and dye is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00400-00109883-00110182 alittle urea people who suffer allergic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00401-00110183-00110377 reactions to formaldehyde tend to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00402-00110378-00110596 display lesions on the skin in the areas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00403-00110597-00110784 that have had direct contact with the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00404-00110785-00110971 substance such as the neck or thighs
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00405-00110972-00111193 often due to formaldehyde released from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00406-00111194-00111370 permanent press finished clothing or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00407-00111371-00111580 dermatitis on the face typically from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00408-00111581-00111856 cosmetics formaldehyde has been banned
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00409-00111857-00112051 in cosmetics in both Sweden and Japan
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00410-00112052-00112260 the eyes are most sensitive to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00411-00112261-00112501 formaldehyde exposure the lowest level
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00412-00112502-00112681 at which many people can begin to smell
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00413-00112682-00113047 formaldehyde as about 0.05 ppm and the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00414-00113048-00113361 highest level is 1 ppm the maximum
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00415-00113363-00113578 concentration value at the workplace is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00416-00113579-00113965 0.3 ppm in controlled chamber studies
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00417-00113966-00114135 individuals begin to sense eye
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00418-00114136-00114510 irritation at about 0.5 ppm 5 to 20
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00419-00114511-00114885 percent report ie rotational to 1 ppm
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00420-00114886-00115072 and greater certainty for sensory
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00421-00115073-00115315 irritation occurred at 1 ppm and above
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00422-00115316-00115600 while some agencies have used a level as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00423-00115601-00115900 low as 0.1 ppm as a threshold for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00424-00115901-00116124 irritation the expert panel found the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00425-00116125-00116433 level of 0.3 ppm would protect against
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00426-00116433-00116739 nearly all irritation in fact the expert
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00427-00116740-00117008 panel found that a level of 1.0 ppm
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00428-00117009-00117249 would avoid eye irritation the most
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00429-00117250-00117576 sensitive endpoint in 75 to 95 percent
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00430-00117577-00117831 of all people exposed formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00431-00117832-00118010 levels in building environments are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00432-00118011-00118263 affected by a number of factors these
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00433-00118264-00118428 include the potency of formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00434-00118429-00118671 emitting products present the ratio of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00435-00118672-00118869 the surface area of emitting materials
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00436-00118870-00119115 to volume of space environmental factors
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00437-00119116-00119319 product age interactions with other
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00438-00119320-00119564 materials and ventilation condition
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00439-00119565-00119790 formaldehyde emits from a variety of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00440-00119791-00120015 construction materials furnishings and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00441-00120016-00120297 consumer products the three products
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00442-00120298-00120495 that emit the highest concentrations are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00443-00120496-00120696 medium density fiberboard hardwood
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00444-00120697-00121008 plywood and particle board environmental
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00445-00121008-00121188 factors such as temperature and relative
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00446-00121189-00121404 humidity can elevate levels because
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00447-00121405-00121655 formaldehyde has a high vapor pressure
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00448-00121656-00121859 formaldehyde levels from building
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00449-00121860-00122016 materials are the highest when a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00450-00122017-00122226 building first opens because materials
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00451-00122227-00122444 would have less time to off-gas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00452-00122445-00122667 formaldehyde levels decrease over time
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00453-00122668-00122994 as the sources suppress formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00454-00122995-00123222 levels in air can be sampled and tested
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00455-00123223-00123408 in several ways including imp injure
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00456-00123408-00123717 treated sorbent and passive monitors the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00457-00123718-00123873 National Institute for Occupational
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00458-00123874-00124152 Safety and Health NIOSH has measurement
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00459-00124153-00124494 methods numbered twenty sixteen 2541
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00460-00124495-00124709 three thousand five hundred and three
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00461-00124710-00124893 thousand eight hundred Studies on the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00462-00124894-00125084 interactions between formaldehyde and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00463-00125085-00125268 proteins at the molecular level have
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00464-00125269-00125421 been reported on the effects of the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00465-00125422-00125724 body's carrier protein serum albumin the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00466-00125725-00125919 binding of formaldehyde loosens the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00467-00125920-00126096 skeletal structure of albumin and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00468-00126097-00126359 exposure of aromatic ring amino acids in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00469-00126360-00126645 the internal hydrophobic region symptoms
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00470-00126646-00126858 may affect personal awareness making one
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00471-00126858-00127068 feel tired or fatigued formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00472-00127069-00127245 inhalation has also shown to cause
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00473-00127246-00127446 oxidative stress and inflammation in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00474-00127447-00127752 animals my studied over an exposure to a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00475-00127753-00128040 high dose of formaldehyde 3 ppm showed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00476-00128041-00128367 increased no -3 levels in plasma this
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00477-00128368-00128613 result suggests that FA inhalation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00478-00128614-00128783 either decreased no production or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00479-00128784-00128982 increased no scavenging which may be an
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00480-00128983-00129211 anti-stress mechanism in the body
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00481-00129213-00129450 formaldehyde inhalation changes the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00482-00129451-00129498 sense of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00483-00129499-00129701 of immune system which influences
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00484-00129702-00129965 oxidative stress in June 2011 the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00485-00129966-00130113 twelfth edition of the National
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00486-00130114-00130395 Toxicology program NTP report on
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00487-00130396-00130604 carcinogens rock changed the listing
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00488-00130605-00130851 status of formaldehyde from reasonably
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00489-00130852-00131152 anticipated to be a human carcinogen to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00490-00131153-00131428 known to be a human carcinogen
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00491-00131429-00131670 concurrently a National Academy of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00492-00131671-00131913 Sciences Moz committee was convened and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00493-00131914-00132065 issued an independent review of the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00494-00132066-00132231 draft United States Environmental
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00495-00132232-00132486 Protection Agency iris assessment of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00496-00132487-00132669 formaldehyde providing a comprehensive
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00497-00132670-00132843 health effects assessment and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00498-00132844-00133052 quantitative estimates of human risks of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00499-00133053-00133621 adverse effects
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00500-00133622-00134174 topic international bands
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00501-00134175-00134400 several web articles claim that
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00502-00134401-00134557 formaldehyde has been banned from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00503-00134558-00134784 manufacture or import into the European
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00504-00134785-00135036 Union EU under each registration
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00505-00135037-00135288 evaluation authorisation and restriction
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00506-00135289-00135603 of chemical substances legislation this
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00507-00135604-00135808 is misinformation as official EU
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00508-00135809-00136008 chemical databases contradict these
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00509-00136009-00136333 claims as of February 19 2010 this
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00510-00136334-00136535 misconception has gained some ground
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00511-00136536-00136812 formaldehyde is not listed in the nxi of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00512-00136813-00137271 regulation ec no 689 2008 export an
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00513-00137272-00137482 import of dangerous chemicals regulation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00514-00137483-00137661 nor on a priority list for risk
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00515-00137662-00137937 assessment however formaldehyde is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00516-00137938-00138141 banned from use in certain applications
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00517-00138142-00138343 preservatives for liquid cooling and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00518-00138344-00138591 processing systems slim asides metal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00519-00138592-00138741 working fluid preservatives and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00520-00138742-00138960 antifouling products under the biocidal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00521-00138961-00139275 products directive in the EU the maximum
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00522-00139276-00139497 allowed concentration of formaldehyde in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00523-00139498-00139779 finished products as 0.2% and any
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00524-00139780-00140143 product that exceeds 0.05 percent has to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00525-00140144-00140298 include a warning that the product
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00526-00140299-00140496 contains formaldehyde in the United
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00527-00140497-00140739 States Congress passed a bill July 7
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00528-00140740-00140985 2010 regarding the use of formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00529-00140986-00141195 in hardwood plywood particle board and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00530-00141196-00141459 medium density fiberboard the bill
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00531-00141460-00141615 limited the allowable amount of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00532-00141616-00141801 formaldehyde emissions from these wood
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00533-00141802-00142144 products 2.09 ppm and required companies
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00534-00142145-00142475 to meet this standard by January 2013
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00535-00142476-00142674 formaldehyde was declared a toxic
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00536-00142675-00142935 substance by the 1999 Canadian
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00537-00142936-00143565 Environmental Protection Act
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00538-00143566-00144188 topic formaldehyde issues in trailers
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00539-00144189-00144512 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00540-00144513-00145099 topic hurricanes Katrina and Rita
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00541-00145100-00145294 in the US the Federal Emergency
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00542-00145295-00145576 Management Agency FEMA provided travel
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00543-00145577-00145807 trailers recreational park trailers and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00544-00145808-00146083 manufactured homes starting in 2006 for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00545-00146084-00146289 habitation by residents of the US Gulf
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00546-00146290-00146521 Coast displaced by Hurricane Katrina and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00547-00146522-00146778 hurricane Rita some of the people who
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00548-00146779-00146968 moved into the FEMA trailers complained
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00549-00146969-00147184 of breathing difficulties nosebleeds and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00550-00147185-00147441 persistent headaches formaldehyde
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00551-00147442-00147627 catalyzed resins were used in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00552-00147628-00147915 production of these homes the United
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00553-00147916-00148120 States Centers for Disease Control and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00554-00148121-00148387 Prevention CDC performed indoor air
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00555-00148388-00148612 quality testing for formaldehyde in some
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00556-00148613-00149056 of the units On February 14 2008 the CDC
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00557-00149057-00149206 announced that potentially hazardous
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00558-00149207-00149419 levels of formaldehyde were found in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00559-00149420-00149553 many of the travel trailers and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00560-00149554-00149743 manufactured homes provided by the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00561-00149744-00150118 agency the CDC's preliminary evaluation
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00562-00150119-00150331 of a scientifically established random
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00563-00150332-00150622 sample of 519 travel trailers and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00564-00150623-00150793 manufactured homes tested between
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00565-00150794-00151264 December 21st 2007 and January 23rd 2008
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00566-00151265-00151503 two plus years after manufacturer showed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00567-00151504-00151704 average levels of formaldehyde in all
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00568-00151705-00152059 units of about 0.077 parts per million
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00569-00152060-00152410 ppm long-term exposure to levels in this
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00570-00152411-00152584 range can be linked to an increased risk
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00571-00152585-00152802 of cancer and at levels above this range
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00572-00152803-00152974 there can also be a risk of respiratory
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00573-00152975-00153264 illness these levels are higher than
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00574-00153265-00153487 expected in indoor air where levels are
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00575-00153488-00153883 commonly in the range of 0.01 to 0.02
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00576-00153884-00154156 ppm and are higher than the agency for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00577-00154157-00154437 toxic substances ease registry ATSDR
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00578-00154438-00154756 division of the CDC minimal risk level
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00579-00154757-00155311 mrl of 0.008 ppm levels measured ranged
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00580-00155312-00155893 from 0.003 ppm to 0.5 9 ppm FEMA which
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00581-00155894-00156145 requested that testing by the CDC said
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00582-00156146-00156298 it would work aggressively to relocate
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00583-00156299-00156481 all residents of the temporary housing
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00584-00156482-00156760 as soon as possible lawsuits were filed
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00585-00156761-00157006 against FEMA trailer manufacturers as a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00586-00157007-00157369 result of the exposures as of 2012 US
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00587-00157370-00157590 District Judge Kurt D Angle heart of New
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00588-00157591-00157813 Orleans approved a forty two point six
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00589-00157814-00158026 million dollars class-action lawsuit
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00590-00158027-00158182 settlement for the plaintiffs who
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00591-00158183-00158440 included roughly 55 thousand residents
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00592-00158441-00158724 Louisiana Mississippi Alabama and Texas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00593-00158725-00158992 the defendants included two dozen
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00594-00158993-00159217 manufacturers who built mobile homes for
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00595-00159218-00159433 the Federal Emergency Management Agency
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00596-00159434-00159652 FEMA including Gulf Stream coach Inc
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00597-00159653-00159946 Forest River Inc Vanguard LLC and Monico
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00598-00159947-00160252 coach Corp a separate 5.1 million
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00599-00160253-00160441 dollars settlement dealt with claims
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00600-00160442-00160666 against FEMA contractors including Shaw
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00601-00160667-00160897 environmental Inc Bechtel Corp Fluer
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00602-00160898-00161110 enterprises inc and ch2m Hill
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00603-00161111-00161329 constructors Inc who were responsible
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00604-00161330-00161488 for installing and maintaining the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00605-00161489-00161982 unit's
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00606-00161983-00162595 topic Iowa floods of 2008
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00607-00162596-00162852 also in the u.s. problems arose in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00608-00162853-00163050 trailers again provided by FEMA to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00609-00163051-00163248 residents displaced by the Iowa floods
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00610-00163249-00163575 of 2008 several months after moving to
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00611-00163576-00163785 the trailers occupants reported violent
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00612-00163786-00163977 coughing headaches as well as asthma
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00613-00163978-00164289 bronchitis and other problems tests
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00614-00164290-00164497 showed that in some trailers levels of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00615-00164498-00164664 formaldehyde exceeded the limits
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00616-00164665-00164862 recommended by the US Environmental
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00617-00164863-00165060 Protection Agency and American Lung
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00618-00165061-00165153 Association
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00619-00165154-00165445 The Associated publicity has resulted in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00620-00165446-00166164 additional testing to begin in November
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00621-00166165-00166731 topic contaminant in food
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00622-00166732-00167020 formaldehyde occurs naturally in us an
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00623-00167021-00167257 essential intermediate in cellular
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00624-00167258-00167584 metabolism in mammals in humans at high
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00625-00167585-00167820 concentrations it is probably unhealthy
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00626-00167821-00168114 scandals have broken in both the 2005
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00627-00168115-00168402 Indonesia food scare in 2007 Vietnam
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00628-00168403-00168586 food scare regarding the addition of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00629-00168587-00168784 formaldehyde to foods to extend shelf
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00630-00168785-00169134 life in 2011 after a four-year absence
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00631-00169135-00169372 Indonesian authorities found foods with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00632-00169373-00169594 formaldehyde being sold in markets in a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00633-00169595-00169797 number of regions across the country in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00634-00169798-00170107 August 2011 at least at to Carrefour
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00635-00170108-00170272 supermarkets the Central Jakarta
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00636-00170273-00170514 livestock and fishery sub department
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00637-00170515-00170700 found a sweet glutinous rice drink
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00638-00170701-00170913 gendell contained ten parts per million
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00639-00170914-00171279 of formaldehyde in 2014 the owner of two
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00640-00171280-00171537 noodle factories in Bogor Indonesia was
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00641-00171538-00171718 arrested for using formaldehyde in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00642-00171719-00172038 noodles 50 kilograms of formaldehyde was
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00643-00172039-00172234 confiscated foods known to be
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00644-00172235-00172464 contaminated included noodles salted
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00645-00172465-00172795 fish and tofu chicken and beer were also
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00646-00172796-00172999 rumoured to be contaminated in some
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00647-00173000-00173269 places such as China manufacturers still
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00648-00173270-00173439 used formaldehyde illegally as a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00649-00173440-00173647 preservative in foods which exposes
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00650-00173648-00173871 people to formaldehyde ingestion in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00651-00173872-00174165 humans the ingestion of formaldehyde has
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00652-00174166-00174310 been shown to cause vomiting abdominal
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00653-00174311-00174610 pain dizziness and in extreme cases can
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00654-00174611-00174891 cause death testing for formaldehyde is
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00655-00174892-00175057 by blood and/or urine by gas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00656-00175058-00175345 chromatography mass spectrometry other
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00657-00175346-00175585 methods include infrared detection gas
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00658-00175586-00175924 detector tubes etc of which HPLC is the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00659-00175925-00176238 most sensitive in the early 1900's it
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00660-00176239-00176470 was frequently added by us milk plants
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00661-00176471-00176623 to milk bottles as a method of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00662-00176624-00176782 pasteurization due to the lack of
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00663-00176783-00176956 knowledge regarding formaldehydes
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00664-00176957-00177210 toxicity in 2011 in nakhon ratchasima
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00665-00177211-00177448 thailand truckloads of rotten chicken
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00666-00177449-00177675 were exposed to formaldehyde in which a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00667-00177676-00177949 large network including 11
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00668-00177950-00178147 slaughterhouses run by a criminal gang
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00669-00178148-00178500 were implicated in 2012 1 billion rupiah
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00670-00178501-00178825 almost $100,000 of fish imported from
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00671-00178826-00179071 pakistan to bottom indonesia were found
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00672-00179072-00179260 laced with formaldehyde formalin
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00673-00179261-00179475 contamination of foods has been reported
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00674-00179476-00179644 in Bangladesh with stores and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00675-00179645-00179865 supermarkets selling fruits fishes and
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00676-00179866-00180012 vegetables that have been treated with
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00677-00180013-00180106 formalin
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00678-00180107-00180484 them fresh however in 2015 a formal in
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00679-00180485-00180634 control bill was passed in the
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00680-00180635-00180781 Parliament of Bangladesh with a
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00681-00180782-00180978 provision of life term imprisonment as
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00682-00180979-00181171 the maximum punishment and in addition
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00683-00181172-00181389 two million Bangladeshi Takas is fine
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00684-00181390-00181657 but not less than 500,000 Bangladeshi
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00685-00181658-00181870 Takas for importing production or
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00686-00181871-00182545 hoarding of formalin without license
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00687-00182546-00182906 topic see also
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00688-00182907-00183081 you
+r7hUQ8sTADM-00689-00183082-00183852 one 3d occitane dmdm hydantoin sulfa
+rrso5-3FVYk-00000-00000209-00000426 [Music]
+rrso5-3FVYk-00001-00000427-00000665 all right what's up guys today we are on
+rrso5-3FVYk-00002-00000666-00000886 Big Bass Bonanza we have 8 000 in the
+rrso5-3FVYk-00003-00000888-00001007 balance and I'm actually going to use
+rrso5-3FVYk-00004-00001008-00001415 all this 8K for this video uh so when it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00005-00001416-00001732 comes to this lot right we're gonna you
+rrso5-3FVYk-00006-00001734-00001918 know turn on the sound
+rrso5-3FVYk-00007-00001919-00002081 we're gonna do a quick spin we're gonna
+rrso5-3FVYk-00008-00002082-00002242 do quick spin at first we're gonna start
+rrso5-3FVYk-00009-00002243-00002476 on 60 bet
+rrso5-3FVYk-00010-00002477-00002734 um all the guys in the call watch me do
+rrso5-3FVYk-00011-00002735-00003052 this quite often I start with two
+rrso5-3FVYk-00012-00003053-00003317 thousand dollars whenever I go on to one
+rrso5-3FVYk-00013-00003318-00003527 of the big basses or
+rrso5-3FVYk-00014-00003528-00003797 or floating floating is has been very
+rrso5-3FVYk-00015-00003797-00004013 very rude to me recently but I go to big
+rrso5-3FVYk-00016-00004014-00004493 bass on some very big bet sizes
+rrso5-3FVYk-00017-00004494-00004636 that have been a very nice weekend the
+rrso5-3FVYk-00018-00004637-00004799 60s right there
+rrso5-3FVYk-00019-00004800-00004859 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00020-00004860-00005236 but I literally go with 2K I go on 70
+rrso5-3FVYk-00021-00005237-00005429 dollar spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00022-00005430-00005627 and there we go real quick we're down
+rrso5-3FVYk-00023-00005628-00005891 we're down 750 dollars and we get a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00024-00005892-00006136 bonus on sixty Dollar Bet
+rrso5-3FVYk-00025-00006137-00006322 hopefully this campaign give us a very
+rrso5-3FVYk-00026-00006323-00006532 very good start to the video that would
+rrso5-3FVYk-00027-00006533-00006701 be amazing
+rrso5-3FVYk-00028-00006702-00006970 uh I never watch it though like I never
+rrso5-3FVYk-00029-00006972-00007156 watched the bait has put on turbo so
+rrso5-3FVYk-00030-00007158-00007403 like doing that is a little different to
+rrso5-3FVYk-00031-00007404-00007606 me even like these spins I'm always
+rrso5-3FVYk-00032-00007608-00007775 holding enough space even if it's a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00033-00007776-00008003 bonus on 200 spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00034-00008004-00008249 I'll just hold down space bar I I don't
+rrso5-3FVYk-00035-00008250-00008453 have to watch it but
+rrso5-3FVYk-00036-00008454-00008657 um I never record it either and I've
+rrso5-3FVYk-00037-00008658-00008933 took like 2K to I like Twitter before I
+rrso5-3FVYk-00038-00008934-00009274 took 2K to 80k I took 5K to 40K I've had
+rrso5-3FVYk-00039-00009275-00009623 many crazy crazy runs uh but I never
+rrso5-3FVYk-00040-00009624-00009863 record it so I was just like I literally
+rrso5-3FVYk-00041-00009864-00009989 just hopped out of the shower and I was
+rrso5-3FVYk-00042-00009990-00010133 like you know what I'm gonna record it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00043-00010134-00010217 today
+rrso5-3FVYk-00044-00010218-00010378 and
+rrso5-3FVYk-00045-00010379-00010528 hopefully you all do enjoy the video
+rrso5-3FVYk-00046-00010529-00010691 hopefully we can get at least one more
+rrso5-3FVYk-00047-00010692-00010967 hit here no wow that was not a good win
+rrso5-3FVYk-00048-00010968-00011164 though
+rrso5-3FVYk-00049-00011165-00011374 so we'll put we'll put this on 20 on
+rrso5-3FVYk-00050-00011375-00011585 turbo really quick actually just 10.
+rrso5-3FVYk-00051-00011586-00011801 never mind we're back in it bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00052-00011802-00012095 we are back in it I give it 10 backup
+rrso5-3FVYk-00053-00012096-00012281 spins if they're good backup spins I
+rrso5-3FVYk-00054-00012282-00012599 give you another 10. if it's dead then I
+rrso5-3FVYk-00055-00012600-00012844 leave it and I bump the bet so hopefully
+rrso5-3FVYk-00056-00012845-00013205 this could get us you know at 12K
+rrso5-3FVYk-00057-00013206-00013444 get get us to 12K here and we'll
+rrso5-3FVYk-00058-00013445-00013786 probably put it on 70 or 80 dollar spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00059-00013787-00014213 I also want to do um a bonus on video
+rrso5-3FVYk-00060-00014213-00014488 you know please comment down below right
+rrso5-3FVYk-00061-00014490-00014585 now
+rrso5-3FVYk-00062-00014586-00014807 if y'all like these
+rrso5-3FVYk-00063-00014808-00014969 um kind of videos do you like watching
+rrso5-3FVYk-00064-00014969-00015143 me do big spins on like the basses and
+rrso5-3FVYk-00065-00015144-00015341 try to get some you know good wins like
+rrso5-3FVYk-00066-00015341-00015571 this I mean much bigger bet sizes 60
+rrso5-3FVYk-00067-00015572-00015838 spins I know they usually don't pay as
+rrso5-3FVYk-00068-00015840-00016025 much but I've also had this pay at 2
+rrso5-3FVYk-00069-00016026-00016330 000x before so it can't pay very big
+rrso5-3FVYk-00070-00016331-00016727 and also comment below if you would be
+rrso5-3FVYk-00071-00016728-00016943 if you would like to see a bonus on
+rrso5-3FVYk-00072-00016944-00017050 video
+rrso5-3FVYk-00073-00017051-00017236 let me know about that as well that was
+rrso5-3FVYk-00074-00017237-00017399 horrible
+rrso5-3FVYk-00075-00017400-00017722 wow the bonuses are absolutely horrible
+rrso5-3FVYk-00076-00017723-00018322 right now on at least 60 bet give it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00077-00018323-00018539 they're bonusing they're just not paying
+rrso5-3FVYk-00078-00018540-00018779 come on bro let this one pay maybe this
+rrso5-3FVYk-00079-00018780-00018953 one pays 100x and we're looking very
+rrso5-3FVYk-00080-00018954-00019397 very good
+rrso5-3FVYk-00081-00019398-00019703 paying 100x and uh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00082-00019704-00020177 we could be absolutely on to something
+rrso5-3FVYk-00083-00020178-00020386 okay I like the double drop I like the
+rrso5-3FVYk-00084-00020387-00020519 double drop
+rrso5-3FVYk-00085-00020520-00020722 I really do hope you all like these kind
+rrso5-3FVYk-00086-00020723-00020944 of videos because I would be so down to
+rrso5-3FVYk-00087-00020945-00021167 do more of these because I try to do it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00088-00021168-00021430 at least once a day so say I like
+rrso5-3FVYk-00089-00021431-00021617 you know put in two can I try to make
+rrso5-3FVYk-00090-00021618-00021850 the run I record nice there we go that's
+rrso5-3FVYk-00091-00021851-00022043 good that gets us into 2x stage and
+rrso5-3FVYk-00092-00022044-00022247 that's thirty six hundred dollars bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00093-00022248-00022427 nice
+rrso5-3FVYk-00094-00022428-00022649 I can't believe we bonus three times and
+rrso5-3FVYk-00095-00022650-00023039 40 spins three times in 40 spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00096-00023040-00023249 give us one more Olaf on the 1X stage
+rrso5-3FVYk-00097-00023250-00023441 give us one more that would have been
+rrso5-3FVYk-00098-00023442-00023530 that would have been nice that would
+rrso5-3FVYk-00099-00023531-00023800 have been nice
+rrso5-3FVYk-00100-00023801-00023986 all right well
+rrso5-3FVYk-00101-00023987-00024341 no fishies but that's okay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00102-00024342-00024605 come on please be a good two-way stage
+rrso5-3FVYk-00103-00024606-00024899 I'm gonna quick spin this spin bang all
+rrso5-3FVYk-00104-00024900-00025235 right and we'll watch them
+rrso5-3FVYk-00105-00025236-00025397 bro you dropping on something like that
+rrso5-3FVYk-00106-00025398-00025643 we're feeling amazing
+rrso5-3FVYk-00107-00025644-00025937 even if it's just like you know
+rrso5-3FVYk-00108-00025938-00026170 oh even if it's just you know nothing
+rrso5-3FVYk-00109-00026172-00026339 even that crazy
+rrso5-3FVYk-00110-00026339-00026470 you could have dropped in there I would
+rrso5-3FVYk-00111-00026472-00026645 have been very happy it's just more
+rrso5-3FVYk-00112-00026645-00026812 money come on bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00113-00026813-00027689 oh Olaf where are you at
+rrso5-3FVYk-00114-00027689-00027893 no way you're not gonna drop in one so
+rrso5-3FVYk-00115-00027894-00028031 you lost the two exchange for nothing
+rrso5-3FVYk-00116-00028032-00028324 you did you're toxic
+rrso5-3FVYk-00117-00028325-00028558 all right that was that was really good
+rrso5-3FVYk-00118-00028560-00028787 though can't really complain
+rrso5-3FVYk-00119-00028788-00029045 um we'll go to 13k
+rrso5-3FVYk-00120-00029045-00029170 and then
+rrso5-3FVYk-00121-00029172-00029543 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00122-00029544-00029902 13-2
+rrso5-3FVYk-00123-00029904-00030046 all right
+rrso5-3FVYk-00124-00030047-00030214 um let's go to 80s and let's give it a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00125-00030216-00030479 quick a quick 20 piece all right a quick
+rrso5-3FVYk-00126-00030480-00030749 20 piece all right is that like 1600 oh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00127-00030750-00030989 yeah all right all right that's a good
+rrso5-3FVYk-00128-00030989-00031205 start see when it does that I want to
+rrso5-3FVYk-00129-00031206-00031367 change the I want to change the bet so
+rrso5-3FVYk-00130-00031368-00031589 we're just going to give it 10.
+rrso5-3FVYk-00131-00031589-00031918 um I only want to give it the full 10.
+rrso5-3FVYk-00132-00031919-00032231 I will and then we're gonna change it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00133-00032232-00032423 one more oh yeah I'll give you another
+rrso5-3FVYk-00134-00032424-00032783 and one more backup all right go 90 for
+rrso5-3FVYk-00135-00032784-00033005 a quick 30 piece
+rrso5-3FVYk-00136-00033006-00033179 and then uh we'll get into the triple
+rrso5-3FVYk-00137-00033180-00033490 digits and hopefully the triple digit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00138-00033491-00033749 spins will not be dry if they are dry
+rrso5-3FVYk-00139-00033750-00033989 then today
+rrso5-3FVYk-00140-00033990-00034229 it it might just be a you know like a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00141-00034230-00034415 great start to the video and then a very
+rrso5-3FVYk-00142-00034416-00034679 sad sad ending and I really hope it's
+rrso5-3FVYk-00143-00034680-00034846 not gonna be a sad ending
+rrso5-3FVYk-00144-00034847-00035081 90s were not ideal
+rrso5-3FVYk-00145-00035082-00035171 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00146-00035172-00035411 at all we're gonna go to 120s we're
+rrso5-3FVYk-00147-00035412-00035662 gonna go quick spin 20 spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00148-00035663-00035818 let's see
+rrso5-3FVYk-00149-00035819-00036065 that would be very nice
+rrso5-3FVYk-00150-00036066-00036311 please do it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00151-00036312-00036707 ah okay okay you know I started off with
+rrso5-3FVYk-00152-00036708-00036929 uh you know a bay early
+rrso5-3FVYk-00153-00036930-00037618 surely that's a good sign surely
+rrso5-3FVYk-00154-00037619-00037852 just do it bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00155-00037853-00038062 we would be looking so good if you did
+rrso5-3FVYk-00156-00038063-00038230 it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00157-00038231-00038519 oh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00158-00038520-00038524 [Music]
+rrso5-3FVYk-00159-00038525-00038705 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00160-00038706-00038939 surely all the bonuses weren't just on
+rrso5-3FVYk-00161-00038940-00039221 sixty Dollar Bet right
+rrso5-3FVYk-00162-00039222-00039412 yeah yeah there it is all right we're in
+rrso5-3FVYk-00163-00039413-00039533 we're in
+rrso5-3FVYk-00164-00039534-00040168 they're lined up it's in
+rrso5-3FVYk-00165-00040169-00040565 our ballots we were over 13. no
+rrso5-3FVYk-00166-00040566-00040967 the base game is not ideal oh my God
+rrso5-3FVYk-00167-00040968-00041218 what's going on why is it so dry all
+rrso5-3FVYk-00168-00041219-00041573 right thank you for that
+rrso5-3FVYk-00169-00041574-00041759 thank you thank you thank you thank you
+rrso5-3FVYk-00170-00041760-00041968 this is what we needed bro this is what
+rrso5-3FVYk-00171-00041969-00042329 we needed right here let this one pay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00172-00042330-00042455 you know
+rrso5-3FVYk-00173-00042456-00042701 a much better multi than what the 60
+rrso5-3FVYk-00174-00042702-00042952 ones were paying because those were just
+rrso5-3FVYk-00175-00042953-00043229 disgustingly bad
+rrso5-3FVYk-00176-00043230-00043523 all right come on Olaf let's see you
+rrso5-3FVYk-00177-00043524-00044068 work your magic
+rrso5-3FVYk-00178-00044069-00044458 I thought I was gonna drop on that one
+rrso5-3FVYk-00179-00044459-00044573 hmm
+rrso5-3FVYk-00180-00044574-00044957 you better drop in on a good one boy
+rrso5-3FVYk-00181-00044958-00045245 let's drop it in here
+rrso5-3FVYk-00182-00045246-00045562 put like five five fish boys out there
+rrso5-3FVYk-00183-00045563-00045755 two Max win
+rrso5-3FVYk-00184-00045756-00046162 oh no oh no oh no this might be brutal
+rrso5-3FVYk-00185-00046163-00046433 no way we're gonna get a 15x here pretty
+rrso5-3FVYk-00186-00046434-00046702 much a fifth okay more fish
+rrso5-3FVYk-00187-00046703-00046955 okay a lot of minnows which does suck
+rrso5-3FVYk-00188-00046956-00047171 but at least we got one one bass over
+rrso5-3FVYk-00189-00047172-00047399 there you know it's an extra 3.2 we
+rrso5-3FVYk-00190-00047400-00047530 definitely needed that if we get to the
+rrso5-3FVYk-00191-00047531-00047699 2x stage
+rrso5-3FVYk-00192-00047700-00047915 without it and very nice there that was
+rrso5-3FVYk-00193-00047916-00048179 very nice
+rrso5-3FVYk-00194-00048180-00048473 all right that was a not the best bonus
+rrso5-3FVYk-00195-00048474-00048779 of 40x I mean it's okay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00196-00048780-00048935 let's um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00197-00048936-00049283 let me give it 10 quick boys
+rrso5-3FVYk-00198-00049284-00049390 um maybe we'll get like a decent base
+rrso5-3FVYk-00199-00049391-00049529 game I mean
+rrso5-3FVYk-00200-00049530-00049721 those two spins paid for pretty much
+rrso5-3FVYk-00201-00049722-00050008 half the spins get us in real quick
+rrso5-3FVYk-00202-00050009-00050339 get us in a real quick
+rrso5-3FVYk-00203-00050340-00050561 we've been feeling nice we've been
+rrso5-3FVYk-00204-00050562-00050939 feeling real nice
+rrso5-3FVYk-00205-00050940-00051077 cool
+rrso5-3FVYk-00206-00051078-00051251 we get a full line of the bobber bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00207-00051252-00051629 good night I'm pretty sure that's 24K
+rrso5-3FVYk-00208-00051629-00051838 and okay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00209-00051839-00052132 um we're gonna go to a 70s really quick
+rrso5-3FVYk-00210-00052133-00052379 and we're gonna do 30 turbos see if we
+rrso5-3FVYk-00211-00052379-00052816 can get in on a 70 bet
+rrso5-3FVYk-00212-00052817-00052900 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00213-00052901-00053266 in the 90s were also very dry so maybe
+rrso5-3FVYk-00214-00053267-00054192 we run a little 10 piece over there
+rrso5-3FVYk-00215-00054194-00054526 those were not ideal either the base
+rrso5-3FVYk-00216-00054527-00054916 game is being very very rude today
+rrso5-3FVYk-00217-00054917-00055097 all right we'll go to the 90s give it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00218-00055098-00055253 some over here then I think we're gonna
+rrso5-3FVYk-00219-00055254-00055432 go on a big bet
+rrso5-3FVYk-00220-00055433-00055642 we're gonna risk it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00221-00055644-00056530 bang look at all those two scatters
+rrso5-3FVYk-00222-00056532-00056765 a little bit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00223-00056766-00057094 it's a little bit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00224-00057095-00057269 if you could get us in now right after
+rrso5-3FVYk-00225-00057270-00057407 that hit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00226-00057408-00057766 would be perfect
+rrso5-3FVYk-00227-00057767-00057965 I'm gonna give
+rrso5-3FVYk-00228-00057966-00058192 set don't have that many let me I'm
+rrso5-3FVYk-00229-00058194-00058457 going to give it uh 10 more and 70. all
+rrso5-3FVYk-00230-00058458-00058630 right I paid for the spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00231-00058632-00058907 we're gonna run it back another 10 piece
+rrso5-3FVYk-00232-00058908-00059092 and then we're gonna go to
+rrso5-3FVYk-00233-00059094-00059225 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00234-00059226-00059759 we're gonna go to 160s
+rrso5-3FVYk-00235-00059760-00059992 or we'd even do hundreds bro let's give
+rrso5-3FVYk-00236-00059994-00060221 20 on one hundo
+rrso5-3FVYk-00237-00060222-00060461 maybe the simple 100 man maybe that's
+rrso5-3FVYk-00238-00060462-00060791 the maybe that's a call
+rrso5-3FVYk-00239-00060791-00061007 it does talk that our bonuses didn't
+rrso5-3FVYk-00240-00061008-00061253 really pay that much I mean
+rrso5-3FVYk-00241-00061254-00061487 we had three on you know 60s this would
+rrso5-3FVYk-00242-00061488-00061582 be beautiful
+rrso5-3FVYk-00243-00061583-00061865 please please do it bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00244-00061866-00062147 no yeah we had three on 60s three or
+rrso5-3FVYk-00245-00062148-00062488 four I think it was three and they were
+rrso5-3FVYk-00246-00062489-00062735 quite some floppers there
+rrso5-3FVYk-00247-00062736-00063503 damn
+rrso5-3FVYk-00248-00063504-00063713 next bait I'm gonna quick spin
+rrso5-3FVYk-00249-00063714-00063875 imagine we have just fish in the middle
+rrso5-3FVYk-00250-00063876-00064403 there that's all we need
+rrso5-3FVYk-00251-00064404-00064637 three spins
+rrso5-3FVYk-00252-00064638-00064903 ah
+rrso5-3FVYk-00253-00064904-00065254 all right we'll go to 160s
+rrso5-3FVYk-00254-00065255-00065555 let's see if we can get in on this we're
+rrso5-3FVYk-00255-00065556-00065825 just below starting now if we get a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00256-00065826-00066076 bonus on 160s then we are definitely
+rrso5-3FVYk-00257-00066077-00066376 gonna be uh cashing out
+rrso5-3FVYk-00258-00066377-00066617 um
+rrso5-3FVYk-00259-00066618-00066832 this AK start is a bit bigger than usual
+rrso5-3FVYk-00260-00066833-00067206 uh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00261-00067207-00067469 and yeah I mean that's really it we went
+rrso5-3FVYk-00262-00067470-00067738 in with 8K which is just you know
+rrso5-3FVYk-00263-00067739-00068026 literally double what we uh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00264-00068027-00068321 usually do I was really really just
+rrso5-3FVYk-00265-00068322-00069325 believing in this and do 10 Turbo
+rrso5-3FVYk-00266-00069326-00069743 yikes this does not look ideal unless
+rrso5-3FVYk-00267-00069744-00069976 please bro we need it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00268-00069977-00070235 please just do it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00269-00070236-00070523 oh you just went by you slimy [__]
+rrso5-3FVYk-00270-00070524-00071063 you absolutely slimy [__]
+rrso5-3FVYk-00271-00071064-00071387 for where or like the base game hits
+rrso5-3FVYk-00272-00071388-00071741 that is what just blows me away how dry
+rrso5-3FVYk-00273-00071742-00071999 this has been in base game
+rrso5-3FVYk-00274-00072000-00072256 unless you save our ass right here
+rrso5-3FVYk-00275-00072257-00073829 surely you do right surely you don't
+rrso5-3FVYk-00276-00073830-00074050 I'm going like I'm quick spinning every
+rrso5-3FVYk-00277-00074051-00074153 other one
+rrso5-3FVYk-00278-00074154-00074429 of the bait
+rrso5-3FVYk-00279-00074430-00074687 Pro wow we actually are struggling here
+rrso5-3FVYk-00280-00074688-00075049 we need this so bad we're at 2K
+rrso5-3FVYk-00281-00075050-00075359 oh no
+rrso5-3FVYk-00282-00075360-00076067 a little bit 1K
+rrso5-3FVYk-00283-00076068-00076265 those are some good spins there
+rrso5-3FVYk-00284-00076266-00076426 was some of the base game stuff that you
+rrso5-3FVYk-00285-00076427-00076612 know we've been waiting for
+rrso5-3FVYk-00286-00076613-00076865 I mean not even a 20x hit but you know
+rrso5-3FVYk-00287-00076866-00077406 we got it 10x gonna get 8x
+rrso5-3FVYk-00288-00077407-00078071 or another 10 Turbo
+rrso5-3FVYk-00289-00078072-00078371 at least I went okay we got that little
+rrso5-3FVYk-00290-00078372-00078617 hit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00291-00078618-00078821 you didn't get I don't know if we even
+rrso5-3FVYk-00292-00078822-00079043 got a single two scatter in all those at
+rrso5-3FVYk-00293-00079044-00079223 least not one that would baited I don't
+rrso5-3FVYk-00294-00079224-00079337 think
+rrso5-3FVYk-00295-00079338-00079511 so maybe we're about to see a couple
+rrso5-3FVYk-00296-00079512-00080021 baits
+rrso5-3FVYk-00297-00080022-00080362 huh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00298-00080363-00080717 maybe we're not
+rrso5-3FVYk-00299-00080718-00080879 oh wow
+rrso5-3FVYk-00300-00080880-00081221 okay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00301-00081222-00081426 okay
+rrso5-3FVYk-00302-00081427-00081725 thank you bro
+rrso5-3FVYk-00303-00081726-00082126 all right if this pays a 50x then guess
+rrso5-3FVYk-00304-00082127-00082462 what we are running we are running
+rrso5-3FVYk-00305-00082463-00082649 none of our bonuses have that would have
+rrso5-3FVYk-00306-00082650-00082750 been amazing that would have been
+rrso5-3FVYk-00307-00082751-00082949 amazing none of our bonuses have paid a
+rrso5-3FVYk-00308-00082950-00083321 50x yet please wait wait wait one of
+rrso5-3FVYk-00309-00083322-00083411 them did
+rrso5-3FVYk-00310-00083412-00083579 why not drop right there that's
+rrso5-3FVYk-00311-00083580-00083885 literally all you gotta do
+rrso5-3FVYk-00312-00083886-00084125 that would have been great too bro oh
+rrso5-3FVYk-00313-00084126-00084244 I'm scared about what you're gonna drop
+rrso5-3FVYk-00314-00084245-00084715 on
+rrso5-3FVYk-00315-00084716-00085073 well here he's dropping in right here
+rrso5-3FVYk-00316-00085074-00085331 bro put out five fish five fish we're
+rrso5-3FVYk-00317-00085332-00085523 gonna be feeling pretty good hey that's
+rrso5-3FVYk-00318-00085524-00085685 five
+rrso5-3FVYk-00319-00085686-00085973 that's good bro that's good that is
+rrso5-3FVYk-00320-00085974-00086285 that is good oh we are back we are back
+rrso5-3FVYk-00321-00086286-00086482 surely you're gonna drop in a little bit
+rrso5-3FVYk-00322-00086483-00086711 more as well right right oh well you're
+rrso5-3FVYk-00323-00086712-00086879 gonna drop in some more
+rrso5-3FVYk-00324-00086880-00087137 if it had hit that on top for a 10K win
+rrso5-3FVYk-00325-00087138-00087311 I would have felt great
+rrso5-3FVYk-00326-00087312-00087605 throwing it up at once this bonus
+rrso5-3FVYk-00327-00087606-00087953 only once huh maybe one piece all right
+rrso5-3FVYk-00328-00087954-00088193 well
+rrso5-3FVYk-00329-00088194-00088541 we are back to that we're gonna go 70s
+rrso5-3FVYk-00330-00088542-00089099 down to 8K and guess what we are
+rrso5-3FVYk-00331-00089100-00089279 calling it
+rrso5-3FVYk-00332-00089280-00089603 um wow we are lucky that we got to get
+rrso5-3FVYk-00333-00089604-00089818 back to even I'm very happy with how
+rrso5-3FVYk-00334-00089819-00089956 that just went
+rrso5-3FVYk-00335-00089957-00090179 we were up pretty good at you know one
+rrso5-3FVYk-00336-00090180-00090509 point we risked it and we uh we got to
+rrso5-3FVYk-00337-00090510-00090761 break literally on the dot eight
+rrso5-3FVYk-00338-00090762-00090947 thousand dollars even that is so funny
+rrso5-3FVYk-00339-00090948-00091150 if y'all want more of uh these kind of
+rrso5-3FVYk-00340-00091151-00091306 videos I can do like floating dragon or
+rrso5-3FVYk-00341-00091307-00091475 whatever comment down below that you
+rrso5-3FVYk-00342-00091476-00091732 want it and I'm so down to do it thank
+rrso5-3FVYk-00343-00091733-00091882 you guys so much for watching I'll see
+rrso5-3FVYk-00344-00091883-00092050 you all tomorrow with another one peace
+rrso5-3FVYk-00345-00092051-00092488 out guys foreign
+rrso5-3FVYk-00346-00092489-00093178 [Music]
+rrNfr1crJd4-00000-00000746-00001060 dear that's no way to straighten your
+rrNfr1crJd4-00001-00001061-00001525 spine this must be our lucky day we get
+rrNfr1crJd4-00002-00001526-00001855 to play with the spider well if it isn't
+rrNfr1crJd4-00003-00001857-00002165 two of my favorite psychos scorpion and
+rrNfr1crJd4-00004-00002166-00002399 lizard how are you kids doing
+rrNfr1crJd4-00005-00002400-00002794 always the comedian aren't you webhead
+rrNfr1crJd4-00006-00002795-00003047 now is that any way to talk to someone
+rrNfr1crJd4-00007-00003048-00003242 who brought you a nice new lily pad to
+rrNfr1crJd4-00008-00003243-00003565 sit on he's a lizard you not a
+rrNfr1crJd4-00009-00003567-00004052 frog oh well how about you scorpion you
+rrNfr1crJd4-00010-00004053-00004454 need a lily pad Hey scorpion seeing the
+rrNfr1crJd4-00011-00004455-00004700 webslinger reminds me of how much I love
+rrNfr1crJd4-00012-00004701-00005200 to pull the legs up of spiders me I just
+rrNfr1crJd4-00013-00005201-00005470 like to stomp him and watch him twitch
+rrNfr1crJd4-00014-00005471-00005746 are you guys making veiled threats
+rrNfr1crJd4-00015-00005747-00005975 I can't tell and I really think I should
+rrNfr1crJd4-00016-00005976-00006250 be in the loop on this that's it
+rrNfr1crJd4-00017-00006251-00006545 I've heard enough let's shut him up
+rrNfr1crJd4-00018-00006545-00006845 scorpion
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00000-00000157-00000433 Shoshana Shoshana anonym tia is a
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00001-00000434-00000621 burnished language spoken in piano
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00002-00000622-00000891 township pian Majin blue Swede County
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00003-00000892-00001189 Yunnan China in Xia PMO sha Qian ma
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00004-00001190-00001432 gangbang gangbanged and Gulen gulang
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00005-00001433-00001815 villagers die at all 2009 it is closely
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00006-00001816-00002208 related to lashy and has 56.3% lexical
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00007-00002209-00002389 similarity with lashy of loose wheat
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00008-00002390-00002589 County out of a sample of 1,000
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00009-00002590-00003061 vocabulary words died 2010 to 118
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00010-00003062-00003478 in PN Motown ship there are 587 Shoshone
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00011-00003479-00003640 people officially classified as
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00012-00003640-00003901 ethnically sooo the local people
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00013-00003902-00004096 consider that Shushan to be a distinct
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00014-00004097-00004282 ethnic group separate from the Jenko
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00015-00004283-00004570 people Chinese Jing PO that Shushan
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00016-00004571-00004852 anonym is Tiye a chang chong similar to
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00017-00004853-00005074 that of the attained Morcha Shan
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00018-00005075-00005275 speakers may be found across the border
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00019-00005276-00005599 in Kachin State Burma
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00020-00005600-00006214 references died i ching cha kangjae at
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00021-00006215-00006619 all 2010 Ian mccoshen Ren Jie GU yen
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00022-00006620-00006892 pien mature Shenron GG Union the Chechen
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00023-00006893-00007090 nationality and their language of p.m.
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00024-00007091-00007414 ax in Chinese Beijing Shanghai yin xiu
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00025-00007415-00007806 Guang Cheng en Shogun ISBN nine trillion
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00026-00007806-00008109 787 billion 100 million sixty nine
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00027-00008111-00008413 thousand sixty nine cs1 mayn't explicit
+rsdsmNVwUHQ-00028-00008414-00008806 use of at all linked
+rspHD18XgHk-00000-00000008-00000295 welcome to physiology open in this video
+rspHD18XgHk-00001-00000296-00000639 we will see what are ecg waves intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00002-00000640-00000966 and segments how to remember duration of
+rspHD18XgHk-00003-00000967-00001254 various intervals and segments and even
+rspHD18XgHk-00004-00001255-00001695 ecg waves and how to read an ecg ecg
+rspHD18XgHk-00005-00001696-00001895 that is the electrocardiography is
+rspHD18XgHk-00006-00001896-00002079 recording of spread of electrical
+rspHD18XgHk-00007-00002080-00002334 impulse in heart and how this electrical
+rspHD18XgHk-00008-00002335-00002639 impulse is recorded as various waves
+rspHD18XgHk-00009-00002640-00002991 intervals segments in ecg so to
+rspHD18XgHk-00010-00002992-00003254 understand these let's see or lead to
+rspHD18XgHk-00011-00003255-00003551 ecg so here this picture is showing a
+rspHD18XgHk-00012-00003552-00003879 lead to ecg so this is the thermal paper
+rspHD18XgHk-00013-00003879-00004175 over which ecg is recorded this portion
+rspHD18XgHk-00014-00004176-00004375 is showing the calibration that is the
+rspHD18XgHk-00015-00004376-00004670 voltage recorded as some distance on a
+rspHD18XgHk-00016-00004671-00004767 paper
+rspHD18XgHk-00017-00004768-00004991 the standard calibration is that one
+rspHD18XgHk-00018-00004992-00005279 millivolt is recorded as one centimeter
+rspHD18XgHk-00019-00005280-00005567 on a thermal paper this portion is the
+rspHD18XgHk-00020-00005568-00005735 recording of the spread of the
+rspHD18XgHk-00021-00005736-00005991 electrical impulse in the heart so here
+rspHD18XgHk-00022-00005992-00006238 it is showing two electrical impulse
+rspHD18XgHk-00023-00006239-00006550 recording so let's focus on recording of
+rspHD18XgHk-00024-00006551-00006831 one electrical activity here the first
+rspHD18XgHk-00025-00006831-00007151 wave which is seen here is p wave it
+rspHD18XgHk-00026-00007152-00007470 occurs due to atrial depolarization
+rspHD18XgHk-00027-00007472-00007695 after atrial depolarization there is
+rspHD18XgHk-00028-00007695-00007831 some time
+rspHD18XgHk-00029-00007831-00008055 during which atria depolarized and
+rspHD18XgHk-00030-00008056-00008287 ventricular is still at resting membrane
+rspHD18XgHk-00031-00008288-00008407 potential
+rspHD18XgHk-00032-00008408-00008727 because there is a pause at av node so
+rspHD18XgHk-00033-00008728-00008983 no potential is recorded during this
+rspHD18XgHk-00034-00008984-00009239 time then we get another wave or we can
+rspHD18XgHk-00035-00009240-00009695 say a wave complex known as qrs complex
+rspHD18XgHk-00036-00009696-00009983 the qrs complex represents ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00037-00009984-00010199 depolarization then there is some time
+rspHD18XgHk-00038-00010200-00010431 in between when again no voltage is
+rspHD18XgHk-00039-00010432-00010710 recorded that is the time in between the
+rspHD18XgHk-00040-00010711-00010863 ventricular depolarization and
+rspHD18XgHk-00041-00010864-00011078 ventricular repolarization
+rspHD18XgHk-00042-00011079-00011319 after that we get another wave that is
+rspHD18XgHk-00043-00011320-00011527 the t wave which is occurring due to
+rspHD18XgHk-00044-00011528-00011806 ventricular repolarization
+rspHD18XgHk-00045-00011807-00011983 now you may ask where is atrial
+rspHD18XgHk-00046-00011984-00012199 repolarization recorded
+rspHD18XgHk-00047-00012200-00012446 atrial repolarization occurs at the same
+rspHD18XgHk-00048-00012447-00012735 time as that of ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00049-00012736-00012902 depolarization
+rspHD18XgHk-00050-00012903-00013151 so that the voltage change there is
+rspHD18XgHk-00051-00013152-00013479 merged with qrs complex now this is a
+rspHD18XgHk-00052-00013480-00013686 convention which we follow while naming
+rspHD18XgHk-00053-00013687-00013919 the waves that is starting with p wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00054-00013919-00014199 till t wave especially you should focus
+rspHD18XgHk-00055-00014200-00014535 on qrs complex qrs complex represents
+rspHD18XgHk-00056-00014536-00014766 ventricular depolarization right
+rspHD18XgHk-00057-00014768-00015007 now how is it named the first negative
+rspHD18XgHk-00058-00015008-00015255 wave that is recorded during ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00059-00015256-00015599 depolarization is known as a q wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00060-00015600-00015975 first positive wave is known as r wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00061-00015976-00016247 and the negative wave which occurs after
+rspHD18XgHk-00062-00016247-00016599 the first positive wave is s wave but
+rspHD18XgHk-00063-00016600-00016855 why we need to know all this because
+rspHD18XgHk-00064-00016856-00017030 there may be some leads in which you
+rspHD18XgHk-00065-00017031-00017294 don't see first negative q wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00066-00017295-00017535 directly there may be a positive wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00067-00017536-00017775 then that wave we don't call as q wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00068-00017776-00017935 we call it as
+rspHD18XgHk-00069-00017936-00018183 r wave because by convention first
+rspHD18XgHk-00070-00018184-00018511 positive wave is known as rv but whole
+rspHD18XgHk-00071-00018512-00018822 complex we call as qrs complex only
+rspHD18XgHk-00072-00018823-00019047 second as we'll see later in the video
+rspHD18XgHk-00073-00019048-00019255 that we have something known as pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00074-00019256-00019583 segments and pr intervals not pq segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00075-00019584-00019767 and pq intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00076-00019768-00020079 but even though they are known as p r
+rspHD18XgHk-00077-00020080-00020399 segment and p r interval we mark them
+rspHD18XgHk-00078-00020400-00020511 till
+rspHD18XgHk-00079-00020512-00020807 the beginning of qr is complex okay so
+rspHD18XgHk-00080-00020808-00021111 we have dealt with waves of ecg here now
+rspHD18XgHk-00081-00021112-00021383 let us see various intervals and
+rspHD18XgHk-00082-00021384-00021639 segments first thing to remember is
+rspHD18XgHk-00083-00021640-00021983 segments do not have any waves between
+rspHD18XgHk-00084-00021984-00022239 them but intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00085-00022240-00022407 include waves
+rspHD18XgHk-00086-00022408-00022622 so what are these segments and intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00087-00022623-00022894 we will talk about three segments
+rspHD18XgHk-00088-00022895-00023278 and five intervals the segments are
+rspHD18XgHk-00089-00023279-00023727 pr segment st segment tp segment so pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00090-00023728-00023847 segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00091-00023848-00024127 remember segment do not include wave so
+rspHD18XgHk-00092-00024128-00024399 pr segment is from the end of p wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00093-00024400-00024614 that is this point to the beginning of
+rspHD18XgHk-00094-00024615-00025014 qrs complex that is this point so this
+rspHD18XgHk-00095-00025015-00025294 much is pr segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00096-00025295-00025550 so see here even though we are saying pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00097-00025551-00025758 segment we are marking till the
+rspHD18XgHk-00098-00025760-00026087 beginning of qrs complex so pr segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00099-00026088-00026399 represents av nodal pause during this
+rspHD18XgHk-00100-00026400-00026711 time atria is depolarized but ventricles
+rspHD18XgHk-00101-00026712-00026967 are at resting membrane potential sg
+rspHD18XgHk-00102-00026968-00027335 segment is from the end of qrs complex
+rspHD18XgHk-00103-00027336-00027599 that is this point to the beginning of t
+rspHD18XgHk-00104-00027600-00027967 wave so till here so this is sg segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00105-00027968-00028223 see again that there is no wave in
+rspHD18XgHk-00106-00028224-00028535 between during st segment ventricles are
+rspHD18XgHk-00107-00028536-00028767 depolarized and no current is flowing
+rspHD18XgHk-00108-00028768-00029079 through the heart now tp segment is from
+rspHD18XgHk-00109-00029080-00029567 end of p wave of one record to p wave of
+rspHD18XgHk-00110-00029568-00029862 record of another impulse so this
+rspHD18XgHk-00111-00029863-00029983 portion is
+rspHD18XgHk-00112-00029983-00030151 tp segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00113-00030152-00030551 now let us see the intervals first is pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00114-00030552-00030870 interval pr interval is from
+rspHD18XgHk-00115-00030872-00031246 beginning of p wave to beginning of qrs
+rspHD18XgHk-00116-00031247-00031399 complex
+rspHD18XgHk-00117-00031400-00031599 so as already told the intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00118-00031600-00031870 includes the waves so pr interval is
+rspHD18XgHk-00119-00031872-00032111 from beginning of p wave it includes the
+rspHD18XgHk-00120-00032112-00032231 p wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00121-00032232-00032567 to the beginning of the qrs complex
+rspHD18XgHk-00122-00032568-00032790 next is st interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00123-00032791-00033031 st interval is from
+rspHD18XgHk-00124-00033032-00033439 end of qrs complex to end of t wave so
+rspHD18XgHk-00125-00033440-00033743 it is including the t wave this is sg
+rspHD18XgHk-00126-00033744-00034055 interval while qt interval is from
+rspHD18XgHk-00127-00034056-00034359 beginning of qrs complex to end of t
+rspHD18XgHk-00128-00034360-00034679 wave so that means from here
+rspHD18XgHk-00129-00034680-00035083 beginning of qrs complex to end of t
+rspHD18XgHk-00130-00035084-00035335 wave now sometimes it becomes very
+rspHD18XgHk-00131-00035336-00035551 confusing to remember these intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00132-00035552-00035815 from where they begin and where they end
+rspHD18XgHk-00133-00035816-00036079 so i remember it by one stupid mnemonic
+rspHD18XgHk-00134-00036080-00036335 i don't know it may help you also
+rspHD18XgHk-00135-00036336-00036583 as already told intervals include waves
+rspHD18XgHk-00136-00036584-00036799 while segments do not include waves so
+rspHD18XgHk-00137-00036800-00037087 which waves do these intervals include
+rspHD18XgHk-00138-00037088-00037159 see
+rspHD18XgHk-00139-00037160-00037527 pr interval is this side of ecg
+rspHD18XgHk-00140-00037528-00037846 so it includes this side of wave that is
+rspHD18XgHk-00141-00037847-00038151 p wave now st interval is this side of
+rspHD18XgHk-00142-00038152-00038262 ecg
+rspHD18XgHk-00143-00038263-00038590 so include this side wave that is g wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00144-00038591-00038871 while q t interval includes both the
+rspHD18XgHk-00145-00038872-00039095 waves see it includes from the beginning
+rspHD18XgHk-00146-00039096-00039390 of the qrs complex to end of t wave that
+rspHD18XgHk-00147-00039391-00039671 means it includes both qrs complex and
+rspHD18XgHk-00148-00039672-00039927 t wave now there are two other intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00149-00039928-00040183 which are of significance for us one is
+rspHD18XgHk-00150-00040184-00040335 rr interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00151-00040336-00040671 taken from the peak of one r wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00152-00040672-00040990 to the peak of another array
+rspHD18XgHk-00153-00040991-00041279 so this is our r interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00154-00041280-00041543 while in certain abnormalities we also
+rspHD18XgHk-00155-00041544-00041855 need pp interval that is from the peak
+rspHD18XgHk-00156-00041856-00042015 of p wave to
+rspHD18XgHk-00157-00042016-00042327 peak of another p wave so
+rspHD18XgHk-00158-00042328-00042567 when we will talk about how to read ecg
+rspHD18XgHk-00159-00042568-00042871 we will tell that where this pp interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00160-00042872-00043095 is needed now let us see what are the
+rspHD18XgHk-00161-00043096-00043311 normal durations of various wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00162-00043312-00043527 segments and intervals
+rspHD18XgHk-00163-00043528-00043807 for that we'll just see one concept and
+rspHD18XgHk-00164-00043808-00044023 it will help you remember the various
+rspHD18XgHk-00165-00044024-00044351 durations see as signal starts from sa
+rspHD18XgHk-00166-00044352-00044702 node it takes 0.03 seconds to reach av
+rspHD18XgHk-00167-00044703-00045023 node and further 0.06 seconds to
+rspHD18XgHk-00168-00045024-00045190 depolarize the
+rspHD18XgHk-00169-00045191-00045415 atria so total time for atrial
+rspHD18XgHk-00170-00045416-00045707 depolarization we are just adding this
+rspHD18XgHk-00171-00045708-00046058 0.06 and 0.03 it is
+rspHD18XgHk-00172-00046059-00046343 0.09 seconds since p wave is
+rspHD18XgHk-00173-00046344-00046646 representing atrial depolarization so
+rspHD18XgHk-00174-00046647-00046874 this p wave duration is
+rspHD18XgHk-00175-00046875-00047215 0.09 seconds now impulse stops at a v
+rspHD18XgHk-00176-00047216-00047355 node for
+rspHD18XgHk-00177-00047356-00047735 0.1 second that is the av nodal
+rspHD18XgHk-00178-00047736-00047839 delay
+rspHD18XgHk-00179-00047840-00047974 and then only the ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00180-00047975-00048174 depolarization starts
+rspHD18XgHk-00181-00048175-00048407 so if we add this
+rspHD18XgHk-00182-00048408-00048743 the traveling time 0.03 seconds and this
+rspHD18XgHk-00183-00048744-00049246 0.1 second it comes to 0.13 second that
+rspHD18XgHk-00184-00049247-00049471 means from the beginning of the atl
+rspHD18XgHk-00185-00049472-00049686 depolarization to the beginning of the
+rspHD18XgHk-00186-00049687-00049827 ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00187-00049828-00050239 depolarization it is 0.13 seconds
+rspHD18XgHk-00188-00050240-00050446 this is what this is nothing but pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00189-00050447-00050574 interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00190-00050575-00050815 then ventricular depolarization it takes
+rspHD18XgHk-00191-00050816-00051214 around 0.03 seconds to occur from year
+rspHD18XgHk-00192-00051215-00051470 to year and then further spread by
+rspHD18XgHk-00193-00051471-00051746 purkinje fibers also take
+rspHD18XgHk-00194-00051747-00052130 0.03 seconds so again it is
+rspHD18XgHk-00195-00052132-00052519 0.06 seconds so this qr is complex see
+rspHD18XgHk-00196-00052520-00052654 it represents a ventricular
+rspHD18XgHk-00197-00052655-00052975 depolarization and we are seeing that
+rspHD18XgHk-00198-00052976-00053175 ventricular depolarization is occurring
+rspHD18XgHk-00199-00053176-00053282 in
+rspHD18XgHk-00200-00053283-00053503 0.06 seconds
+rspHD18XgHk-00201-00053504-00053679 simple to remember right you have to
+rspHD18XgHk-00202-00053679-00053926 remember only this 0.03
+rspHD18XgHk-00203-00053927-00054230 everywhere and av nodal delay is 0.1
+rspHD18XgHk-00204-00054232-00054511 seconds and you can easily tell
+rspHD18XgHk-00205-00054512-00054759 how much is the duration of these waves
+rspHD18XgHk-00206-00054760-00055079 and intervals now to calculate pr
+rspHD18XgHk-00207-00055079-00055430 segment you just minus pr interval from
+rspHD18XgHk-00208-00055432-00055694 p wave and you will get the duration of
+rspHD18XgHk-00209-00055695-00056079 the pr segment that is 0.04 second so
+rspHD18XgHk-00210-00056079-00056271 basically you need to remember only two
+rspHD18XgHk-00211-00056272-00056638 more values that is the sg segment and
+rspHD18XgHk-00212-00056639-00056911 the duration of the tv so st segment
+rspHD18XgHk-00213-00056912-00057071 duration is
+rspHD18XgHk-00214-00057072-00057279 0.08
+rspHD18XgHk-00215-00057279-00057511 to 0.12 second
+rspHD18XgHk-00216-00057512-00057830 and duration of the t wave is
+rspHD18XgHk-00217-00057832-00057991 0.12
+rspHD18XgHk-00218-00057991-00058091 to
+rspHD18XgHk-00219-00058091-00058359 0.2 seconds so when you know the
+rspHD18XgHk-00220-00058360-00058679 duration of the st segment and t wave
+rspHD18XgHk-00221-00058679-00058871 then you can easily calculate what will
+rspHD18XgHk-00222-00058872-00059142 be the duration of the sg interval
+rspHD18XgHk-00223-00059144-00059430 right that is from the end of the qrs
+rspHD18XgHk-00224-00059432-00059711 complex till the end of the t wave is
+rspHD18XgHk-00225-00059712-00059894 your st interval just add the two
+rspHD18XgHk-00226-00059895-00060071 durations and you will get the duration
+rspHD18XgHk-00227-00060072-00060407 of the st interval similarly you can get
+rspHD18XgHk-00228-00060408-00060900 also the duration of the qt interval
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00000-00002315-00002517 [Music]
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00001-00002518-00002713 there are very few manufacturing
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00002-00002714-00002869 processes that can come close to this
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00003-00002870-00003091 it's just absolutely a breakthrough
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00004-00003092-00003890 you know this is
+rv6l6v-tDS0-00005-00003892-00004098 you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00000-00000008-00000247 welcome everyone my name is betsy
+rwUXJefxjs8-00001-00000248-00000335 o'hagan
+rwUXJefxjs8-00002-00000336-00000647 and i am your online host today for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00003-00000648-00000999 a lovely program a live wildlife
+rwUXJefxjs8-00004-00001000-00001391 broadcast program and before we get
+rwUXJefxjs8-00005-00001392-00001470 started
+rwUXJefxjs8-00006-00001471-00001734 a couple of things during the program if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00007-00001735-00001823 you would please
+rwUXJefxjs8-00008-00001823-00002167 keep your mute your mic muted
+rwUXJefxjs8-00009-00002168-00002447 if you have a question or a comment feel
+rwUXJefxjs8-00010-00002448-00002647 free to unmute yourself
+rwUXJefxjs8-00011-00002648-00002950 and then ask the question when you know
+rwUXJefxjs8-00012-00002951-00003247 when there's a pause in the presentation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00013-00003247-00003590 um let's get started i have a couple of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00014-00003592-00003735 slides i'd like to go
+rwUXJefxjs8-00015-00003736-00004047 through with you uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00016-00004047-00004486 and again welcome our presenter today is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00017-00004487-00004702 the avian conservation center of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00018-00004703-00005079 appalachia and it's done in partnership
+rwUXJefxjs8-00019-00005080-00005318 or collaboration with western cuyahoga
+rwUXJefxjs8-00020-00005319-00005543 audubon society
+rwUXJefxjs8-00021-00005544-00005735 a chapter of the national audubon
+rwUXJefxjs8-00022-00005736-00005847 society
+rwUXJefxjs8-00023-00005848-00006151 that is located uh near and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00024-00006152-00006567 around cleveland ohio our host today our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00025-00006568-00006623 program
+rwUXJefxjs8-00026-00006623-00006975 host is katie fallon who is the acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00027-00006976-00007287 founder and an outstanding and notable
+rwUXJefxjs8-00028-00007288-00007614 author and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00029-00007615-00007895 we are delighted that you're all here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00030-00007895-00008335 let's go on to the next five
+rwUXJefxjs8-00031-00008336-00008639 here is the beautiful logo
+rwUXJefxjs8-00032-00008640-00008927 of the avian conservation center of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00033-00008928-00009046 appalachia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00034-00009047-00009423 and a photo of dr jesse fallon
+rwUXJefxjs8-00035-00009424-00009703 working with one of the center's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00036-00009704-00009887 patients
+rwUXJefxjs8-00037-00009888-00010223 we are in the akron cleveland area
+rwUXJefxjs8-00038-00010224-00010478 as i mentioned and i thought you might
+rwUXJefxjs8-00039-00010479-00010567 appreciate
+rwUXJefxjs8-00040-00010568-00010942 um looking taking a look at the map
+rwUXJefxjs8-00041-00010943-00011319 um the center is broadcasting live
+rwUXJefxjs8-00042-00011320-00011646 from morgantown west virginia which as
+rwUXJefxjs8-00043-00011647-00011870 we can see from the map here is just
+rwUXJefxjs8-00044-00011871-00012087 about the midway point
+rwUXJefxjs8-00045-00012088-00012335 between washington and the cleveland
+rwUXJefxjs8-00046-00012336-00012438 akron ohio
+rwUXJefxjs8-00047-00012439-00012815 area the inset map shows us where the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00048-00012816-00013079 center is located specifically in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00049-00013080-00013215 morgantown
+rwUXJefxjs8-00050-00013216-00013591 just on the bank so to speak of cheat
+rwUXJefxjs8-00051-00013591-00013791 lake
+rwUXJefxjs8-00052-00013791-00014143 the center is a part of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00053-00014144-00014527 the cheat lake animal hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00054-00014528-00014799 and here you can see a picture of that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00055-00014800-00014943 campus
+rwUXJefxjs8-00056-00014944-00015158 cheat lake animal hospital is in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00057-00015159-00015383 morgantown and it's a full service
+rwUXJefxjs8-00058-00015384-00015543 veterinary hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00059-00015544-00015822 they provide all kinds of services
+rwUXJefxjs8-00060-00015823-00015927 everything from
+rwUXJefxjs8-00061-00015928-00016266 radiographs to surgery to canine
+rwUXJefxjs8-00062-00016268-00016399 rehabilitation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00063-00016400-00016647 and i've listed those things there on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00064-00016648-00016727 the slide
+rwUXJefxjs8-00065-00016728-00017007 i've also listed the website where you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00066-00017008-00017263 go and learn more about the hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00067-00017264-00017519 and please do go and look it up on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00068-00017520-00017591 facebook
+rwUXJefxjs8-00069-00017592-00017935 and add your life
+rwUXJefxjs8-00070-00017936-00018150 here's another photo of one of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00071-00018151-00018255 residents or
+rwUXJefxjs8-00072-00018256-00018647 patients with a young wildlife
+rwUXJefxjs8-00073-00018648-00019022 intern and this is the kind of wonderful
+rwUXJefxjs8-00074-00019023-00019071 work
+rwUXJefxjs8-00075-00019072-00019430 that is done at the center which is part
+rwUXJefxjs8-00076-00019431-00019494 of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00077-00019495-00019822 the hospital campus
+rwUXJefxjs8-00078-00019823-00020103 here are some of the patients on the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00079-00020104-00020150 left
+rwUXJefxjs8-00080-00020151-00020719 you can see the birds different birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00081-00020720-00020991 and i'm going to remind folks if you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00082-00020992-00021063 would to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00083-00021064-00021399 please mute your microphone as the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00084-00021400-00021527 program is going
+rwUXJefxjs8-00085-00021528-00021783 on thank you so much if you have a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00086-00021784-00021839 question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00087-00021840-00022143 feel free to unmute and ask your
+rwUXJefxjs8-00088-00022144-00022286 question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00089-00022287-00022614 um all right and let's go on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00090-00022615-00022958 the center needs
+rwUXJefxjs8-00091-00022959-00023286 a lot if you can only imagine how much a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00092-00023287-00023327 bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-00093-00023328-00023711 eats every day and the center
+rwUXJefxjs8-00094-00023712-00024127 goes through lots and lots of resources
+rwUXJefxjs8-00095-00024128-00024455 husbandry supplies and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00096-00024456-00024694 other various supplies which you can see
+rwUXJefxjs8-00097-00024695-00024942 in the photo on the right
+rwUXJefxjs8-00098-00024943-00025407 garbage bags rope and twine paper towels
+rwUXJefxjs8-00099-00025408-00025687 high energy trail mix these are all
+rwUXJefxjs8-00100-00025688-00025814 essential items
+rwUXJefxjs8-00101-00025816-00026150 for the center for acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00102-00026151-00026439 and we're asking anyone today who's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00103-00026439-00026639 participating on the program
+rwUXJefxjs8-00104-00026639-00026958 to please consider making a donation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00105-00026960-00027318 to acca so that the supplies
+rwUXJefxjs8-00106-00027319-00027695 and husbandry equipment can be purchased
+rwUXJefxjs8-00107-00027695-00027943 now i have listed here on this next
+rwUXJefxjs8-00108-00027944-00028031 slide
+rwUXJefxjs8-00109-00028032-00028407 um the name of the center uh a link for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00110-00028408-00028558 donation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00111-00028560-00028951 and um please do also go to the facebook
+rwUXJefxjs8-00112-00028952-00029023 page
+rwUXJefxjs8-00113-00029024-00029255 and look for the donate button just
+rwUXJefxjs8-00114-00029256-00029367 click that button
+rwUXJefxjs8-00115-00029368-00029631 and it will make a direct donation to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00116-00029632-00029758 the center
+rwUXJefxjs8-00117-00029760-00030079 a third way that you can make a donation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00118-00030080-00030383 is by mailing a check and i've listed
+rwUXJefxjs8-00119-00030383-00030535 the address
+rwUXJefxjs8-00120-00030536-00030783 there for you the avian conservation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00121-00030783-00030958 center of appalachia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00122-00030960-00031311 attention wildlife rehabilitation staff
+rwUXJefxjs8-00123-00031312-00031614 286 fairchance road in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00124-00031616-00032118 morgantown west virginia 26508
+rwUXJefxjs8-00125-00032119-00032311 their phone number if you'd like to just
+rwUXJefxjs8-00126-00032312-00032470 give them a quick call
+rwUXJefxjs8-00127-00032472-00033031 is 304-906-5438
+rwUXJefxjs8-00128-00033032-00033571 or just send them an email admin at
+rwUXJefxjs8-00129-00033572-00033751 accawb.org
+rwUXJefxjs8-00130-00033752-00033943 um the last thing i'd like to tell you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00131-00033944-00034062 about is that we do
+rwUXJefxjs8-00132-00034063-00034479 have an a comprehensive acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00133-00034480-00034855 supply wish list and you can find that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00134-00034856-00035295 at the wcas website
+rwUXJefxjs8-00135-00035296-00035887 and i've listed the url there
+rwUXJefxjs8-00136-00035888-00036246 again your donations support husbandry
+rwUXJefxjs8-00137-00036247-00036335 supplies
+rwUXJefxjs8-00138-00036336-00036711 equipment and food which is essential
+rwUXJefxjs8-00139-00036712-00037030 to being able to care for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00140-00037031-00037407 the patients and residents of the avian
+rwUXJefxjs8-00141-00037408-00037502 conservation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00142-00037503-00037799 center of appalachia so do try to make a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00143-00037800-00037879 donation
+rwUXJefxjs8-00144-00037880-00038183 thank you we're going to go on now
+rwUXJefxjs8-00145-00038184-00038487 and start our program uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00146-00038488-00038774 our host again is katie fallon founder
+rwUXJefxjs8-00147-00038775-00038911 of the avian
+rwUXJefxjs8-00148-00038912-00039167 conservation center of appalachia in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00149-00039168-00039399 morgantown west virginia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00150-00039400-00039623 and we're going to start out in the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00151-00039624-00039815 animal hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00152-00039816-00040151 we're going to talk about medical things
+rwUXJefxjs8-00153-00040152-00040479 and take a closer look at avian x-rays
+rwUXJefxjs8-00154-00040480-00040655 we're going to meet a bird or two in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00155-00040656-00040855 rehab in the hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00156-00040856-00041102 and then i understand that we're going
+rwUXJefxjs8-00157-00041103-00041171 to see
+rwUXJefxjs8-00158-00041172-00041446 physiotherapy on a hawk and we're going
+rwUXJefxjs8-00159-00041447-00041695 to finish up by hanging out with
+rwUXJefxjs8-00160-00041696-00042039 randolph the eastern screech owl so this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00161-00042040-00042207 should surely be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00162-00042208-00042607 a delightful program for all ages
+rwUXJefxjs8-00163-00042608-00042902 i'm going to stop sharing my screen now
+rwUXJefxjs8-00164-00042903-00043030 and i'm going to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00165-00043031-00043351 turn the active viewer over to katie
+rwUXJefxjs8-00166-00043352-00043439 fallon
+rwUXJefxjs8-00167-00043440-00043767 and nicole who are at acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00168-00043768-00044127 in morgantown right now so let me do
+rwUXJefxjs8-00169-00044128-00044287 that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00170-00044288-00044646 and then please
+rwUXJefxjs8-00171-00044647-00045215 take it away katie
+rwUXJefxjs8-00172-00045216-00045423 great thank you so much betsy can you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00173-00045424-00045551 hear me okay
+rwUXJefxjs8-00174-00045552-00045927 yes excellent um thank you very much
+rwUXJefxjs8-00175-00045928-00046158 for that excellent introduction that was
+rwUXJefxjs8-00176-00046159-00046302 perfect you've covered
+rwUXJefxjs8-00177-00046303-00046695 everything and we're really excited to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00178-00046696-00046751 be here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00179-00046752-00046974 so again thank you betsy and thank you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00180-00046975-00047135 western cuyahoga audubon
+rwUXJefxjs8-00181-00047136-00047455 for um doing this again for us
+rwUXJefxjs8-00182-00047456-00047662 we always we love our friends i'm in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00183-00047663-00047799 ohio and we're really excited
+rwUXJefxjs8-00184-00047800-00048046 that we get to talk with everyone today
+rwUXJefxjs8-00185-00048047-00048102 um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00186-00048103-00048279 yeah if at any point somebody has a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00187-00048280-00048455 question just um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00188-00048456-00048743 try to uh yeah unmute and ask during a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00189-00048744-00048974 pause
+rwUXJefxjs8-00190-00048975-00049167 or wait till the end if you want or
+rwUXJefxjs8-00191-00049168-00049374 however you want to do it is okay
+rwUXJefxjs8-00192-00049375-00049590 okay with us so i'm going to go ahead
+rwUXJefxjs8-00193-00049591-00049686 and start um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00194-00049687-00049846 talking about some about one of our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00195-00049847-00050046 rehab patients in a moment but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00196-00050047-00050327 uh just i want to introduce um nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-00197-00050328-00050367 who's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00198-00050368-00050639 next me here nicole gerhardt one of our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00199-00050640-00050846 excellent volunteers who spends
+rwUXJefxjs8-00200-00050847-00051095 donates a lot of her time helping
+rwUXJefxjs8-00201-00051096-00051190 helping with the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00202-00051191-00051479 birds in our care and one of the birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00203-00051479-00051590 that we're going to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00204-00051591-00051894 talk about first is a bird that nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-00205-00051895-00051999 rescued a few weeks
+rwUXJefxjs8-00206-00052000-00052366 ago that um i think he might have some
+rwUXJefxjs8-00207-00052367-00052423 friends
+rwUXJefxjs8-00208-00052424-00052582 watching so i thought that they might
+rwUXJefxjs8-00209-00052583-00052759 want to see him
+rwUXJefxjs8-00210-00052760-00053015 so bear bear with me as i move my phone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00211-00053016-00053166 because it might sort of shake around a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00212-00053167-00053254 little bit
+rwUXJefxjs8-00213-00053255-00053566 i should mention too that uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00214-00053567-00053903 we are in the we are in acca's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00215-00053904-00054166 um medical room in the back of cheat
+rwUXJefxjs8-00216-00054167-00054350 lake animal hospital so we have kind of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00217-00054351-00054582 our own room that's away from
+rwUXJefxjs8-00218-00054583-00054766 dogs and cats and other companion
+rwUXJefxjs8-00219-00054767-00054903 animals so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00220-00054904-00055087 nicole and i are kind of back in here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00221-00055088-00055279 right now and this is where the birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00222-00055279-00055591 go after they have surgery
+rwUXJefxjs8-00223-00055591-00055799 or as soon as they're admitted to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00224-00055800-00056079 hospital they come to this room
+rwUXJefxjs8-00225-00056079-00056287 it's sort of our you could call it kind
+rwUXJefxjs8-00226-00056288-00056438 of an intensive care
+rwUXJefxjs8-00227-00056439-00056799 room um yeah it's where
+rwUXJefxjs8-00228-00056800-00056982 we like the birds to go if they're going
+rwUXJefxjs8-00229-00056983-00057103 to need
+rwUXJefxjs8-00230-00057104-00057342 medications several times a day or if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00231-00057344-00057494 they're going to need
+rwUXJefxjs8-00232-00057495-00057782 to be observed by our veterinarian more
+rwUXJefxjs8-00233-00057783-00057879 closely
+rwUXJefxjs8-00234-00057879-00058207 once the birds are stable
+rwUXJefxjs8-00235-00058208-00058463 they can go up to acca up to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00236-00058464-00058566 building
+rwUXJefxjs8-00237-00058567-00058782 our building on the same campus but up
+rwUXJefxjs8-00238-00058783-00058903 the hill
+rwUXJefxjs8-00239-00058904-00059215 where they are fed and cared for by our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00240-00059216-00059399 volunteers
+rwUXJefxjs8-00241-00059400-00059671 while they are recovering from whatever
+rwUXJefxjs8-00242-00059672-00059959 surgeries or illnesses they have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00243-00059960-00060119 so we're going to focus a little bit on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00244-00060120-00060303 the hospital today last time we were
+rwUXJefxjs8-00245-00060304-00060503 here did a video with western cuyahoga
+rwUXJefxjs8-00246-00060504-00060654 audubon we focused on some of our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00247-00060655-00060766 education birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00248-00060767-00060903 and i thought it might be cool for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00249-00060904-00061182 everybody to see some of our birds in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00250-00061183-00061566 the hospital so i'm going to go inside
+rwUXJefxjs8-00251-00061567-00061791 one of our one of our hospital cages
+rwUXJefxjs8-00252-00061791-00062094 right now
+rwUXJefxjs8-00253-00062095-00062423 and hopefully you can hear that hissing
+rwUXJefxjs8-00254-00062424-00062703 this is a black vulture that some of his
+rwUXJefxjs8-00255-00062704-00062766 friends
+rwUXJefxjs8-00256-00062767-00063087 named clyde we don't know if clyde is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00257-00063088-00063375 male or female
+rwUXJefxjs8-00258-00063376-00063566 usually with black vultures the only way
+rwUXJefxjs8-00259-00063567-00063711 you can tell is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00260-00063712-00064071 through a dna dna pest
+rwUXJefxjs8-00261-00064072-00064247 or if the bird lays an egg obviously
+rwUXJefxjs8-00262-00064248-00064463 that's a female but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00263-00064464-00064742 dna test is uh typically what we have to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00264-00064744-00064854 do to determine
+rwUXJefxjs8-00265-00064855-00065215 the sex of the bird so clyde
+rwUXJefxjs8-00266-00065216-00065503 um has an interesting story folks in his
+rwUXJefxjs8-00267-00065504-00065591 neighborhood
+rwUXJefxjs8-00268-00065592-00065791 saw this bird for i think about two
+rwUXJefxjs8-00269-00065792-00065959 months
+rwUXJefxjs8-00270-00065960-00066215 and people weren't nobody was able to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00271-00066216-00066350 catch him and they were having a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00272-00066351-00066543 difficult time getting
+rwUXJefxjs8-00273-00066544-00066711 anybody to come out to try black
+rwUXJefxjs8-00274-00066712-00066855 vultures can run
+rwUXJefxjs8-00275-00066856-00067111 surprisingly fast even if they're badly
+rwUXJefxjs8-00276-00067112-00067215 injured
+rwUXJefxjs8-00277-00067216-00067526 poor clyde had been hit by a vehicle
+rwUXJefxjs8-00278-00067527-00067871 uh and shot so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00279-00067872-00068311 uh his his fracture was very serious
+rwUXJefxjs8-00280-00068312-00068399 and we're going to talk to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00281-00068400-00068647 veterinarian in a moment to show you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00282-00068648-00068879 um what his exercise looks like and to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00283-00068880-00068975 talk about them
+rwUXJefxjs8-00284-00068976-00069103 i'm not sure if you're able to tell in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00285-00069104-00069279 the video but clyde has
+rwUXJefxjs8-00286-00069280-00069526 kind of a blue thing on his wing and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00287-00069527-00069719 that's an external fixator
+rwUXJefxjs8-00288-00069720-00069967 and dr fallon my husband um we'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-00289-00069968-00070167 explain that in a minute but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00290-00070168-00070391 clyde is sort of he just he was getting
+rwUXJefxjs8-00291-00070392-00070575 medication twice a day
+rwUXJefxjs8-00292-00070576-00070919 for the last last week
+rwUXJefxjs8-00293-00070920-00071119 and now he's switching over to once a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00294-00071120-00071303 day medication so he's going to be able
+rwUXJefxjs8-00295-00071304-00071447 to go up to acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00296-00071448-00071782 soon and get
+rwUXJefxjs8-00297-00071783-00071991 get us cared for up up there by our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00298-00071992-00072135 other volunteers
+rwUXJefxjs8-00299-00072136-00072367 uh we're not entirely sure if the bone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00300-00072368-00072511 is going to heal or not
+rwUXJefxjs8-00301-00072512-00072719 but we hope that it will but clyde is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00302-00072720-00072887 pretty awesome patient
+rwUXJefxjs8-00303-00072888-00073182 black vultures are more common in the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00304-00073183-00073447 southeastern united states
+rwUXJefxjs8-00305-00073448-00073623 than in other regions we have some here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00306-00073624-00073831 in west virginia all year long
+rwUXJefxjs8-00307-00073832-00074143 but they are much more numerous in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00308-00074144-00074471 florida georgia along the coast
+rwUXJefxjs8-00309-00074472-00074679 so i'm gonna leave clyde alone because
+rwUXJefxjs8-00310-00074680-00074855 even though he looks calm i mean he
+rwUXJefxjs8-00311-00074856-00075031 doesn't like me
+rwUXJefxjs8-00312-00075032-00075359 even though i like him we all like him
+rwUXJefxjs8-00313-00075360-00075631 but he doesn't he doesn't really like me
+rwUXJefxjs8-00314-00075632-00075694 um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00315-00075695-00075959 or or anybody but he's black vultures
+rwUXJefxjs8-00316-00075960-00076062 tend to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00317-00076063-00076343 uh tend to do quite well under living
+rwUXJefxjs8-00318-00076344-00076503 under human care
+rwUXJefxjs8-00319-00076504-00076806 um so uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00320-00076807-00076982 they can they have quite interesting
+rwUXJefxjs8-00321-00076983-00077199 personalities and if any of you watched
+rwUXJefxjs8-00322-00077200-00077494 um our video from last last time that we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00323-00077495-00077694 did for western kyogre audubon you got
+rwUXJefxjs8-00324-00077695-00077847 to meet maverick
+rwUXJefxjs8-00325-00077848-00078047 who's our black vulture our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00326-00078048-00078238 non-releasable black vulture
+rwUXJefxjs8-00327-00078239-00078423 who lives with us will live with us for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00328-00078424-00078575 the rest of his life
+rwUXJefxjs8-00329-00078576-00078735 so i'm going to go ahead we're going to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00330-00078736-00078943 go see clyde's x-rays i don't know if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00331-00078944-00079055 this bird will
+rwUXJefxjs8-00332-00079056-00079375 cooperate or not but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00333-00079376-00079750 i might be able to just
+rwUXJefxjs8-00334-00079751-00079991 open this very slightly this bird is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00335-00079992-00080182 very new patient
+rwUXJefxjs8-00336-00080183-00080487 so i'm going to try to not show him
+rwUXJefxjs8-00337-00080488-00080943 too much but this is a great horned owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-00338-00080944-00081279 that just came in yesterday
+rwUXJefxjs8-00339-00081280-00081694 so he is um he's he's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00340-00081695-00081943 very fresh so we won't bother that great
+rwUXJefxjs8-00341-00081944-00082143 horned owl too much but gray horn dowels
+rwUXJefxjs8-00342-00082144-00082247 often smell like
+rwUXJefxjs8-00343-00082248-00082511 skunks when they come in because they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00344-00082512-00082682 eat skunks
+rwUXJefxjs8-00345-00082683-00082999 and uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00346-00083000-00083462 he is um now we're in my mask oh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00347-00083463-00083735 how do i lose things that are like right
+rwUXJefxjs8-00348-00083736-00083935 uh right in front of me
+rwUXJefxjs8-00349-00083936-00084238 but um this bird unfortunately not he
+rwUXJefxjs8-00350-00084239-00084455 has several things going on he's um very
+rwUXJefxjs8-00351-00084456-00084559 thin
+rwUXJefxjs8-00352-00084560-00084926 uh not um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00353-00084927-00085087 we're not sure what his ultimate fate
+rwUXJefxjs8-00354-00085088-00085262 will be uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00355-00085263-00085423 but we hope we're hoping for the best
+rwUXJefxjs8-00356-00085424-00085559 and he's gonna start some treatment
+rwUXJefxjs8-00357-00085560-00085703 today
+rwUXJefxjs8-00358-00085704-00086071 so i am going to i'm going to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00359-00086072-00086303 look around for where did my mask go in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00360-00086304-00086375 the last
+rwUXJefxjs8-00361-00086376-00086694 two seconds so hold on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00362-00086695-00086911 hold on one second i wonder if nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-00363-00086912-00087023 grabbed my mask
+rwUXJefxjs8-00364-00087024-00087350 accidentally so i have my vaccines i
+rwUXJefxjs8-00365-00087351-00087462 have my shots
+rwUXJefxjs8-00366-00087463-00087655 um and so does nicole but when we go out
+rwUXJefxjs8-00367-00087656-00087903 into the into the animal hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00368-00087904-00088191 we want to make sure that we all we have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00369-00088192-00088606 our masks on because
+rwUXJefxjs8-00370-00088607-00088782 you know we don't want to we don't want
+rwUXJefxjs8-00371-00088783-00088975 to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00372-00088976-00089471 spread spread the virus or
+rwUXJefxjs8-00373-00089472-00089799 um hold on one second
+rwUXJefxjs8-00374-00089800-00090047 do you know where my mask suddenly went
+rwUXJefxjs8-00375-00090048-00090335 i handed it to you i thought
+rwUXJefxjs8-00376-00090336-00090750 i saw it it's on the floor
+rwUXJefxjs8-00377-00090751-00090967 there we go all right i'm gonna go out
+rwUXJefxjs8-00378-00090968-00091199 into the hospital now and dr fallon is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00379-00091200-00091415 going to show you the uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00380-00091416-00091548 show you these x-rays
+rwUXJefxjs8-00381-00091549-00092150 [Music]
+rwUXJefxjs8-00382-00092151-00092726 oh okay i'm going to get
+rwUXJefxjs8-00383-00092727-00092871 i'm going to shut this door for the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00384-00092872-00093118 moment all right
+rwUXJefxjs8-00385-00093119-00093447 so tell us who you are okay my name is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00386-00093448-00093782 uh jessie fallon and i'm a partner here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00387-00093783-00093838 at
+rwUXJefxjs8-00388-00093839-00094150 cheat lake animal hospital and uh also
+rwUXJefxjs8-00389-00094151-00094382 the director of veterinary medicine
+rwUXJefxjs8-00390-00094383-00094567 uh for the avian conservation center of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00391-00094568-00094694 appalachia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00392-00094695-00095015 and uh so katie's probably already gone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00393-00095016-00095206 through sort of what we do in part
+rwUXJefxjs8-00394-00095207-00095406 with our rehab birds but one of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00395-00095407-00095535 things that we have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00396-00095536-00095838 that a lot of other uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00397-00095839-00096071 rehab facilities don't have is we've got
+rwUXJefxjs8-00398-00096072-00096279 24 hour
+rwUXJefxjs8-00399-00096280-00096591 access to veterinarians and so our birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00400-00096592-00096806 are dropped off anytime day or night
+rwUXJefxjs8-00401-00096807-00097126 and that admission we do our initial
+rwUXJefxjs8-00402-00097127-00097255 diagnostic workup
+rwUXJefxjs8-00403-00097256-00097511 which for birds of prey will always
+rwUXJefxjs8-00404-00097512-00097799 include x-rays
+rwUXJefxjs8-00405-00097800-00098087 and we try to triage cases very early on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00406-00098088-00098247 to determine severity of injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00407-00098248-00098415 likelihood of release
+rwUXJefxjs8-00408-00098416-00098726 and and then initially
+rwUXJefxjs8-00409-00098727-00099023 our rehabilitation birds will be down
+rwUXJefxjs8-00410-00099024-00099159 here in the hospital setting
+rwUXJefxjs8-00411-00099160-00099423 for treatments that can include fluid
+rwUXJefxjs8-00412-00099424-00099555 therapy
+rwUXJefxjs8-00413-00099556-00099743 anti-inflammatory medication pain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00414-00099744-00099950 medication antibiotics
+rwUXJefxjs8-00415-00099951-00100255 and surgery until they're stable and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00416-00100256-00100479 ready to go to sort of the convalescent
+rwUXJefxjs8-00417-00100480-00100615 stage of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00418-00100616-00100887 rehab when they'll be moved up to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00419-00100888-00101031 evening conservation center building
+rwUXJefxjs8-00420-00101032-00101094 that's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00421-00101095-00101271 on property but up the hill a little bit
+rwUXJefxjs8-00422-00101272-00101479 so so i thought i'd just show you some
+rwUXJefxjs8-00423-00101480-00101647 x-rays today and kind of take you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00424-00101648-00101815 through what uh what a bird looks like
+rwUXJefxjs8-00425-00101816-00102006 on the inside here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00426-00102007-00102623 uh one second i'm gonna
+rwUXJefxjs8-00427-00102624-00102975 okay so this is a black vulture um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00428-00102976-00103190 that was picked up it's gonna help if we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00429-00103191-00103686 do this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00430-00103688-00104158 yeah it should maybe
+rwUXJefxjs8-00431-00104159-00104430 sit here maybe not go ahead and turn
+rwUXJefxjs8-00432-00104431-00104671 that light on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00433-00104672-00105007 sorry the iphone's trying to figure out
+rwUXJefxjs8-00434-00105008-00105334 how to look at an image here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00435-00105335-00105671 it's not translating very well
+rwUXJefxjs8-00436-00105672-00105983 it's probably alright isn't it yeah
+rwUXJefxjs8-00437-00105983-00106047 betsy says
+rwUXJefxjs8-00438-00106048-00106631 sorry okay all right so um this is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00439-00106632-00106727 black culture
+rwUXJefxjs8-00440-00106728-00107095 that was brought in on looks like uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00441-00107096-00107463 early april um the bird that was
+rwUXJefxjs8-00442-00107464-00107575 recovered
+rwUXJefxjs8-00443-00107576-00107919 uh near baltimore and uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00444-00107920-00108078 i don't know how good the detail is here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00445-00108079-00108207 i'm going to zoom in for you and see if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00446-00108208-00108358 this helps a little bit
+rwUXJefxjs8-00447-00108359-00108678 um this is the birds what we call the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00448-00108679-00108783 thoracic
+rwUXJefxjs8-00449-00108783-00108999 uh girdle in the upper half of the bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-00450-00109000-00109086 here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00451-00109088-00109271 and i'll use a pen since you probably
+rwUXJefxjs8-00452-00109272-00109502 can't see my mouse very well
+rwUXJefxjs8-00453-00109503-00109815 but the detail is quite fine
+rwUXJefxjs8-00454-00109816-00110102 on these x-rays and so we can see very
+rwUXJefxjs8-00455-00110103-00110302 closely into the joint space and even
+rwUXJefxjs8-00456-00110303-00110647 inside the medullary canals of the bones
+rwUXJefxjs8-00457-00110648-00111047 but your fracture sight on this bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-00458-00111048-00112543 is on this wing here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00459-00112544-00112847 uh this bird was was gunshot and there's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00460-00112848-00113023 multiple metal fragments at the location
+rwUXJefxjs8-00461-00113024-00113134 of the fracture which is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00462-00113135-00113334 mid-shaft humerus there's an old
+rwUXJefxjs8-00463-00113335-00113551 fracture that's further up on the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00464-00113552-00113863 radius of the birds and the brachium or
+rwUXJefxjs8-00465-00113864-00113951 forearm
+rwUXJefxjs8-00466-00113952-00114286 and then gunshot fragments present
+rwUXJefxjs8-00467-00114288-00114471 along the wing in multiple multiple
+rwUXJefxjs8-00468-00114472-00114590 places
+rwUXJefxjs8-00469-00114591-00114878 and so this was an old fracture this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00470-00114879-00115039 fracture was probably
+rwUXJefxjs8-00471-00115040-00115327 on the order of weeks old uh it has it
+rwUXJefxjs8-00472-00115328-00115463 is dramatically
+rwUXJefxjs8-00473-00115464-00115734 over reduced so it's it's displaced the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00474-00115735-00115854 bone is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00475-00115855-00116031 about half the length of what it should
+rwUXJefxjs8-00476-00116032-00116334 be and so the challenge here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00477-00116335-00116566 was to regain the length of this bone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00478-00116567-00116647 and also
+rwUXJefxjs8-00479-00116648-00116895 try to get the edges fresh enough that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00480-00116896-00116951 they'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-00481-00116952-00117190 attempt to heal across the line so this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00482-00117191-00117343 bird's prognosis for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00483-00117344-00117534 even fracture healing is what i would
+rwUXJefxjs8-00484-00117535-00117663 consider guarded
+rwUXJefxjs8-00485-00117664-00117895 meaning it very well may not form a bony
+rwUXJefxjs8-00486-00117896-00117983 union
+rwUXJefxjs8-00487-00117983-00118286 um because of the duration of the injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00488-00118288-00118366 along with the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00489-00118367-00118607 the high impact nature of the gunshot
+rwUXJefxjs8-00490-00118608-00118678 and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00491-00118679-00118886 with fracture repair and birds we use a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00492-00118888-00119083 technique called external skeletal
+rwUXJefxjs8-00493-00119083-00119254 fixation uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00494-00119255-00119439 and in this case we do what's called an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00495-00119440-00119623 open reduction which means
+rwUXJefxjs8-00496-00119624-00119878 we do approach the fracture surgically
+rwUXJefxjs8-00497-00119879-00119927 these
+rwUXJefxjs8-00498-00119928-00120086 muscles and tendons are all very
+rwUXJefxjs8-00499-00120088-00120358 contracted from the length of injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00500-00120359-00120566 and uh and the bone edges have to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00501-00120567-00120719 debrided so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00502-00120720-00121014 um so after quite a bit of time
+rwUXJefxjs8-00503-00121015-00121190 meticulous dissection and getting this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00504-00121191-00121366 thing stretched back out with pretty
+rwUXJefxjs8-00505-00121367-00121534 heavy traction we've got really pretty
+rwUXJefxjs8-00506-00121535-00121702 good alignment here and regained the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00507-00121703-00121871 overall length of the bone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00508-00121872-00122078 and secured it with some external
+rwUXJefxjs8-00509-00122079-00122310 skeletal fixator pins and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00510-00122311-00122463 what this looks like did they see the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00511-00122464-00122695 bird yeah you could see the blue bar on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00512-00122696-00122878 the outside of the wing and maybe some
+rwUXJefxjs8-00513-00122879-00123039 hint of the pins as they entered the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00514-00123040-00123199 bone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00515-00123200-00123390 all of these implants will be removed
+rwUXJefxjs8-00516-00123391-00123599 after healing which will take
+rwUXJefxjs8-00517-00123600-00123807 usually with a fresh fracture by week
+rwUXJefxjs8-00518-00123808-00123999 before you expect to have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00519-00124000-00124239 full bony union this bird might take a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00520-00124240-00124351 little bit longer
+rwUXJefxjs8-00521-00124352-00124519 before we decide whether it's gonna heal
+rwUXJefxjs8-00522-00124520-00124790 or not um but certainly by week six
+rwUXJefxjs8-00523-00124791-00124919 we're going to know if this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00524-00124920-00125047 these implants are going to come out and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00525-00125048-00125223 either this bird is going to have a bony
+rwUXJefxjs8-00526-00125224-00125599 union across this line or it's not um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00527-00125600-00125871 and uh that'll sort of be the one one
+rwUXJefxjs8-00528-00125872-00126063 shot that this bird has to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00529-00126064-00126399 have any functional uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00530-00126400-00126766 wing on that side uh so then after
+rwUXJefxjs8-00531-00126767-00127031 surgery we maintain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00532-00127032-00127358 pain control with anti-inflammatory
+rwUXJefxjs8-00533-00127359-00127534 medication along with
+rwUXJefxjs8-00534-00127535-00127719 some other adjunctive therapies like
+rwUXJefxjs8-00535-00127720-00127902 tramadol or gammapentin
+rwUXJefxjs8-00536-00127903-00128166 that if any of you have had any uh joint
+rwUXJefxjs8-00537-00128167-00128375 work done or major orthopedic surgery
+rwUXJefxjs8-00538-00128376-00128527 you're probably familiar with those
+rwUXJefxjs8-00539-00128528-00128790 the same drugs that are used in humans
+rwUXJefxjs8-00540-00128791-00128983 and then antibiotic therapy because this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00541-00128983-00129334 was a gunshot and was a long surgery so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00542-00129335-00129551 there's potential risk for infection
+rwUXJefxjs8-00543-00129552-00129686 so they'll usually stay down in the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00544-00129688-00129839 hospital for about a week and then
+rwUXJefxjs8-00545-00129840-00129958 they'll be transferred
+rwUXJefxjs8-00546-00129959-00130286 uh up to acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00547-00130288-00130486 volunteer building where they'll be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00548-00130488-00130639 they'll be maintained on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00549-00130640-00130943 medication up there so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00550-00130944-00131071 i don't know if there's this is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00551-00131072-00131214 interactive if you guys have any
+rwUXJefxjs8-00552-00131215-00131343 questions i'm happy to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00553-00131344-00132087 answer them
+rwUXJefxjs8-00554-00132088-00132254 so that's sort of the veterinary
+rwUXJefxjs8-00555-00132255-00132390 component here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00556-00132391-00132695 and then after fracture repair after one
+rwUXJefxjs8-00557-00132696-00132919 week we expect to have some bony or some
+rwUXJefxjs8-00558-00132920-00133159 fibrous tissue that is forming and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00559-00133160-00133343 one of the most important parts again if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00560-00133344-00133495 any of you have been through any joint
+rwUXJefxjs8-00561-00133496-00133807 operation is physical therapy and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00562-00133808-00134047 physiotherapy in our orthopedic patients
+rwUXJefxjs8-00563-00134048-00134111 is critical
+rwUXJefxjs8-00564-00134112-00134239 they're going to get contraction of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00565-00134240-00134407 tendons and elbows and reduce range of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00566-00134408-00134495 motion
+rwUXJefxjs8-00567-00134496-00134654 and these birds if they're going to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00568-00134655-00134871 released they don't you know they don't
+rwUXJefxjs8-00569-00134872-00135071 we don't we're not trying to just get to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00570-00135072-00135302 80 these birds have got to be able to go
+rwUXJefxjs8-00571-00135303-00135407 out and fly
+rwUXJefxjs8-00572-00135408-00135711 find food uh evade predators and so they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00573-00135712-00135759 got to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00574-00135760-00135999 an athletic performance prior to release
+rwUXJefxjs8-00575-00136000-00136166 and so physiotherapy becomes
+rwUXJefxjs8-00576-00136167-00136439 ever more important so our volunteer
+rwUXJefxjs8-00577-00136440-00136543 nicole is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00578-00136544-00136751 going to be doing some physiotherapy on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00579-00136752-00136951 a redtail box that had surgery i believe
+rwUXJefxjs8-00580-00136952-00137135 five weeks ago
+rwUXJefxjs8-00581-00137136-00137383 for a fracture of the radius and all
+rwUXJefxjs8-00582-00137384-00137543 that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00583-00137544-00137863 and i'm going to talk about it
+rwUXJefxjs8-00584-00137864-00138087 all right so we will go there next there
+rwUXJefxjs8-00585-00138088-00138199 you go guys sorry
+rwUXJefxjs8-00586-00138200-00138566 no no you're fine
+rwUXJefxjs8-00587-00138567-00139119 you guys can go back
+rwUXJefxjs8-00588-00139120-00139511 this bird is uh currently under an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00589-00139512-00139783 inhaling anesthetic called isoflurane
+rwUXJefxjs8-00590-00139784-00140166 so these are these can be painful
+rwUXJefxjs8-00591-00140167-00140359 to some extent you know you gotta you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00592-00140360-00140575 gotta push these joints a little bit in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00593-00140576-00140751 order to get your flexibility back
+rwUXJefxjs8-00594-00140752-00141063 so um so we put them under anesthesia to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00595-00141064-00141166 reduce
+rwUXJefxjs8-00596-00141167-00141439 both behavioral stress but also to allow
+rwUXJefxjs8-00597-00141440-00141678 us to push on these wings without
+rwUXJefxjs8-00598-00141679-00142111 causing a lot of uh discomfort so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00599-00142112-00142302 so the birds hooked up to an anesthetic
+rwUXJefxjs8-00600-00142303-00142559 machine here
+rwUXJefxjs8-00601-00142560-00142751 and uh sort of just getting under
+rwUXJefxjs8-00602-00142752-00142887 anesthesia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00603-00142888-00143537 currently
+rwUXJefxjs8-00604-00143538-00144366 [Music]
+rwUXJefxjs8-00605-00144367-00144678 all right so the bird's on his back the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00606-00144679-00144983 fractured wing is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00607-00144984-00145375 this one
+rwUXJefxjs8-00608-00145376-00145623 so all the implants are out from this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00609-00145624-00145759 bird and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00610-00145760-00145926 the primary goal he's still getting a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00611-00145927-00146054 little sleepy so i'm not gonna push him
+rwUXJefxjs8-00612-00146055-00146159 too hard yet
+rwUXJefxjs8-00613-00146160-00146335 so we're trying to regain this elbow
+rwUXJefxjs8-00614-00146336-00146535 collection elbow extension
+rwUXJefxjs8-00615-00146536-00146814 sorry and this bird is probably right
+rwUXJefxjs8-00616-00146815-00146911 now only about
+rwUXJefxjs8-00617-00146912-00147214 10 has maybe 10 reduced extension
+rwUXJefxjs8-00618-00147215-00147390 from where it would be normally so we're
+rwUXJefxjs8-00619-00147391-00147590 almost there
+rwUXJefxjs8-00620-00147591-00147759 and during physical therapy we're going
+rwUXJefxjs8-00621-00147760-00147959 to extend this swing
+rwUXJefxjs8-00622-00147960-00148111 and put pressure on the back of this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00623-00148112-00148351 humerus and stretch the tendons that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00624-00148352-00148559 are across the elbow this is the same
+rwUXJefxjs8-00625-00148560-00148775 joint that humans will get contracture
+rwUXJefxjs8-00626-00148776-00148863 on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00627-00148864-00149214 uh if they're immobilized too long so we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00628-00149215-00149343 want them to be up
+rwUXJefxjs8-00629-00149344-00149814 and stretching so we'll do this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00630-00149815-00150166 at least once weekly if not more
+rwUXJefxjs8-00631-00150167-00150471 in the post-op period uh to help
+rwUXJefxjs8-00632-00150472-00150702 and actually any really we start week
+rwUXJefxjs8-00633-00150703-00150887 one post-op and then continue through
+rwUXJefxjs8-00634-00150888-00150919 for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00635-00150920-00151207 for a while um until they're back to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00636-00151208-00151311 sort of normal
+rwUXJefxjs8-00637-00151312-00151535 normal extension and then test flying or
+rwUXJefxjs8-00638-00151536-00151678 exercise flying
+rwUXJefxjs8-00639-00151679-00151863 and what we call creon's line which is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00640-00151864-00152078 balcony old falconry technique
+rwUXJefxjs8-00641-00152079-00152278 to train birds for hunting we use the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00642-00152279-00152463 same strategy for our birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00643-00152464-00152831 for exercise uh dr
+rwUXJefxjs8-00644-00152832-00153087 fallon this is betsy i have a question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00645-00153088-00153159 here from
+rwUXJefxjs8-00646-00153160-00153559 gary gary asks is this another gunshot
+rwUXJefxjs8-00647-00153560-00153711 wound
+rwUXJefxjs8-00648-00153712-00154007 this is a hit by car uh hit by car
+rwUXJefxjs8-00649-00154008-00154223 patient that's the most common injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00650-00154224-00154383 that for the most common traumatic
+rwUXJefxjs8-00651-00154384-00154463 injury we see
+rwUXJefxjs8-00652-00154464-00154702 is hit by car patients and these birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00653-00154703-00154959 like red-tailed hawks for example
+rwUXJefxjs8-00654-00154960-00155199 um i'm vaccinated so i'm gonna take my
+rwUXJefxjs8-00655-00155200-00155302 mask off so you can
+rwUXJefxjs8-00656-00155303-00155535 hear me a little better so these birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00657-00155536-00155751 um you'll see them along the highway
+rwUXJefxjs8-00658-00155752-00155966 very frequently and most commonly in the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00659-00155967-00156078 wintertime
+rwUXJefxjs8-00660-00156079-00156278 is when people recognize them in part
+rwUXJefxjs8-00661-00156279-00156495 because there are more birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00662-00156496-00156766 that can be in certain locations because
+rwUXJefxjs8-00663-00156767-00156943 they don't have territories established
+rwUXJefxjs8-00664-00156944-00156983 and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00665-00156984-00157190 sometimes you can see red tails every
+rwUXJefxjs8-00666-00157191-00157375 three or four miles on the interstate in
+rwUXJefxjs8-00667-00157376-00157543 the winter time but also because the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00668-00157544-00157719 deciduous trees of course are bare of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00669-00157720-00157871 leaves so you can see them
+rwUXJefxjs8-00670-00157872-00158159 so these birds are often will hunt along
+rwUXJefxjs8-00671-00158160-00158343 edges or near meadows and if they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00672-00158344-00158551 picture that highway running by the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00673-00158552-00158766 median is nicely mowed or it has
+rwUXJefxjs8-00674-00158767-00158975 sometimes native wildflowers that the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00675-00158976-00159047 state plant
+rwUXJefxjs8-00676-00159048-00159311 so that's great habitat for prey species
+rwUXJefxjs8-00677-00159312-00159447 like rodents
+rwUXJefxjs8-00678-00159448-00159751 rabbits and some bird species
+rwUXJefxjs8-00679-00159752-00159975 and so they'll sit on those conveniently
+rwUXJefxjs8-00680-00159976-00160126 placed
+rwUXJefxjs8-00681-00160127-00160439 road signs or um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00682-00160440-00160623 light fixtures or the trees at the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00683-00160624-00160775 border of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00684-00160776-00160966 woods and they'll fly down and hunt that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00685-00160967-00161143 meeting and that's they'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-00686-00161144-00161423 when they've got excellent binocular
+rwUXJefxjs8-00687-00161424-00161511 vision
+rwUXJefxjs8-00688-00161512-00161695 um but of course they haven't evolved
+rwUXJefxjs8-00689-00161696-00161911 with cars flying by at 80 miles an hour
+rwUXJefxjs8-00690-00161912-00162126 so when they go after that prey item
+rwUXJefxjs8-00691-00162127-00162302 you know they're not looking for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00692-00162303-00162511 peripheral to get hit from the periphery
+rwUXJefxjs8-00693-00162512-00162687 so that's the most common injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00694-00162688-00163007 we do still see gunshot birds though
+rwUXJefxjs8-00695-00163008-00163326 and we certainly get several every year
+rwUXJefxjs8-00696-00163327-00163719 um of all species mostly diurnal raptors
+rwUXJefxjs8-00697-00163720-00163919 or daytime raptors like vultures and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00698-00163920-00164095 hawks um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00699-00164096-00164311 occasionally we may get an owl with an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00700-00164312-00164471 injury like that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00701-00164472-00164687 and then lots of crows lots of our crow
+rwUXJefxjs8-00702-00164688-00164878 and raven admissions are also gunshot
+rwUXJefxjs8-00703-00164879-00164966 birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00704-00164967-00165190 and that sort of sort of categorizes
+rwUXJefxjs8-00705-00165191-00165399 those species
+rwUXJefxjs8-00706-00165400-00165623 thank you dr fallon we have another
+rwUXJefxjs8-00707-00165624-00165719 question from
+rwUXJefxjs8-00708-00165720-00166038 ann anne's question is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00709-00166039-00166438 how do you know how much sedation to use
+rwUXJefxjs8-00710-00166439-00166775 for pain for pain management how do you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00711-00166776-00166823 know
+rwUXJefxjs8-00712-00166824-00167143 when they need more or less meds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00713-00167144-00167431 thank you anne it's a good question and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00714-00167432-00167599 the short answer is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00715-00167600-00167951 identifying pain in in any of our
+rwUXJefxjs8-00716-00167952-00168214 non-human species can be difficult it's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00717-00168215-00168343 really difficult
+rwUXJefxjs8-00718-00168344-00168638 in birds of prey you know pain sort of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00719-00168639-00168751 became the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00720-00168752-00169047 the a vital sign in human medicine you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00721-00169048-00169199 know several years ago and so they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00722-00169200-00169326 always ask you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00723-00169327-00169519 rate your pain on a scale of one to ten
+rwUXJefxjs8-00724-00169520-00169743 or if you're in a pediatric
+rwUXJefxjs8-00725-00169744-00169951 you know position they'll have a picture
+rwUXJefxjs8-00726-00169952-00170135 on the wall with smiley faces and they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00727-00170136-00170271 have the kid point to it even a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00728-00170272-00170438 two-year-old can tell you that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00729-00170439-00170799 our patients cannot and so we we always
+rwUXJefxjs8-00730-00170800-00170895 assume
+rwUXJefxjs8-00731-00170896-00171102 if we think there could be pain we treat
+rwUXJefxjs8-00732-00171103-00171207 for it and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00733-00171208-00171559 we err on the side of medicaid
+rwUXJefxjs8-00734-00171560-00171863 you can check heart rates most of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00735-00171864-00171926 time
+rwUXJefxjs8-00736-00171927-00172054 painful animals are going to have an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00737-00172055-00172263 elevated heart rate
+rwUXJefxjs8-00738-00172264-00172438 you can check for signs of behavioral
+rwUXJefxjs8-00739-00172439-00172590 stress which the the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00740-00172591-00172735 trainers could tell you better than i
+rwUXJefxjs8-00741-00172736-00172895 could but things like open mouth
+rwUXJefxjs8-00742-00172896-00173214 breathing for example um could it became
+rwUXJefxjs8-00743-00173215-00173302 pain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00744-00173303-00173599 um so it's difficult we just assume that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00745-00173600-00173735 basically every bird that comes in with
+rwUXJefxjs8-00746-00173736-00173887 trauma is getting
+rwUXJefxjs8-00747-00173888-00174119 meloxicam anti-inflammatory if it has a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00748-00174120-00174295 wound it's getting an antibiotic
+rwUXJefxjs8-00749-00174296-00174502 and if it has an orthopedic procedure
+rwUXJefxjs8-00750-00174503-00174607 we're going to at least give some
+rwUXJefxjs8-00751-00174608-00174687 opioids
+rwUXJefxjs8-00752-00174688-00174959 perioperatively but there is there
+rwUXJefxjs8-00753-00174960-00175063 really is no
+rwUXJefxjs8-00754-00175064-00175302 there is no golden rule of you know this
+rwUXJefxjs8-00755-00175303-00175502 is a clinical sign of pain in a bird of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00756-00175503-00175583 prey
+rwUXJefxjs8-00757-00175584-00175799 they're they're very stoic animals by
+rwUXJefxjs8-00758-00175800-00175919 nature and so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00759-00175920-00176183 um uh the only studies that are out
+rwUXJefxjs8-00760-00176184-00176271 there and birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00761-00176272-00176623 use you that have really looked at pain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00762-00176624-00176863 is mostly in parrots and chickens and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00763-00176864-00177047 what the studies have done is they put
+rwUXJefxjs8-00764-00177048-00177231 them on essentially a perch that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00765-00177232-00177502 has heat and they and they and they can
+rwUXJefxjs8-00766-00177503-00177647 turn the temperature up and see when the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00767-00177648-00177823 bird moves off of the perch and they
+rwUXJefxjs8-00768-00177824-00177902 indicate that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00769-00177903-00178095 they assume then they have pain and then
+rwUXJefxjs8-00770-00178096-00178302 you give a population of birds of pain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00771-00178303-00178478 med and you see how long they stand on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00772-00178479-00178631 the perch then you can get
+rwUXJefxjs8-00773-00178632-00178966 some objective sense of where that is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00774-00178967-00179071 but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00775-00179072-00179295 it's it's almost it's very difficult to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00776-00179296-00179575 determine that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00777-00179576-00179926 thank you dr fallon and folks if anyone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00778-00179927-00180071 else has a question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00779-00180072-00180414 please um as i said unmute your mic and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00780-00180415-00180663 feel free to ask or post it in the chat
+rwUXJefxjs8-00781-00180664-00180735 and we'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-00782-00180736-00180926 we'll ask it for you thank you for your
+rwUXJefxjs8-00783-00180927-00181383 good questions
+rwUXJefxjs8-00784-00181384-00181559 okay i want to know where you are betsy
+rwUXJefxjs8-00785-00181560-00181726 if that's a fake background or if you're
+rwUXJefxjs8-00786-00181727-00181854 somewhere tropical someone probably
+rwUXJefxjs8-00787-00181855-00182102 already asked you that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00788-00182103-00182447 oh don't don't i wish no i i
+rwUXJefxjs8-00789-00182448-00182687 i could i could tell you that i'm on the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00790-00182688-00182895 southern shores of lake erie
+rwUXJefxjs8-00791-00182896-00183238 but that would not be true i am but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00792-00183239-00183454 the picture is not on the southern
+rwUXJefxjs8-00793-00183455-00183647 shores of lake erie
+rwUXJefxjs8-00794-00183648-00183847 okay all right so nicole's working on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00795-00183848-00183990 this bird um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00796-00183991-00184143 i'm happy to answer any questions that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00797-00184144-00184295 come up and katie's been doing it long
+rwUXJefxjs8-00798-00184296-00184438 enough she could probably answer most of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00799-00184439-00184471 the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00800-00184472-00184807 questions of action too
+rwUXJefxjs8-00801-00184808-00185159 all right so excuse me
+rwUXJefxjs8-00802-00185160-00185471 excuse me i'm sorry this is betsy uh we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00803-00185472-00185526 do
+rwUXJefxjs8-00804-00185527-00185775 terry has a question thank you terry for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00805-00185776-00185911 your question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00806-00185912-00186254 the question is do you know if clyde
+rwUXJefxjs8-00807-00186255-00186631 was shot with a bb gun or what
+rwUXJefxjs8-00808-00186632-00187007 so yeah so the vulture um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00809-00187008-00187214 there's a there are actually there are
+rwUXJefxjs8-00810-00187215-00187335 three areas that have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00811-00187336-00187526 metal fragments in it one the bird had
+rwUXJefxjs8-00812-00187527-00187638 an old fracture
+rwUXJefxjs8-00813-00187639-00187902 of the radius that had healed i don't
+rwUXJefxjs8-00814-00187903-00188126 think that was at the same time as the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00815-00188127-00188350 funeral fracture but i can't be certain
+rwUXJefxjs8-00816-00188351-00188431 and there is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00817-00188432-00188735 there's a very fine um metal opacity on
+rwUXJefxjs8-00818-00188736-00188919 that x-ray in that wing
+rwUXJefxjs8-00819-00188920-00189159 um there's definitely a metal opacity at
+rwUXJefxjs8-00820-00189160-00189343 the level of the humeral fracture and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00821-00189344-00189431 then there's a big
+rwUXJefxjs8-00822-00189432-00189623 pellet that does resemble a pellet like
+rwUXJefxjs8-00823-00189624-00189807 from a pellet gun that's a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00824-00189808-00190166 remnant shrapnel um so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00825-00190167-00190423 i don't know my guess is that pellet
+rwUXJefxjs8-00826-00190424-00190495 appearance
+rwUXJefxjs8-00827-00190496-00190814 is actually a mushroom a mushroom piece
+rwUXJefxjs8-00828-00190815-00191031 of lead from a very small caliber rifle
+rwUXJefxjs8-00829-00191032-00191143 is my guess but
+rwUXJefxjs8-00830-00191144-00191407 i i'm no expert in that um but that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00831-00191408-00191575 would be my guess because there's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00832-00191576-00191783 it had to fragment so it has to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00833-00191784-00191966 something like a lead shot it's not
+rwUXJefxjs8-00834-00191967-00192054 steel
+rwUXJefxjs8-00835-00192055-00192238 and and because there's multiple
+rwUXJefxjs8-00836-00192239-00192407 locations it makes me think that there
+rwUXJefxjs8-00837-00192408-00192535 probably was a through and through
+rwUXJefxjs8-00838-00192536-00192599 injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-00839-00192600-00192847 that may have one single projectile may
+rwUXJefxjs8-00840-00192848-00192990 have fractured the humerus and then got
+rwUXJefxjs8-00841-00192991-00193126 lodged further down
+rwUXJefxjs8-00842-00193127-00193350 and then had that mushroom effect of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00843-00193351-00193463 pellet
+rwUXJefxjs8-00844-00193464-00193838 is my guess
+rwUXJefxjs8-00845-00193839-00194383 okay thank you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00846-00194384-00194766 all right i think i think we might be
+rwUXJefxjs8-00847-00194767-00194847 almost done
+rwUXJefxjs8-00848-00194848-00195199 with jessie right yeah uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-00849-00195200-00195543 for now and i i um my plan is next if
+rwUXJefxjs8-00850-00195544-00195711 everybody is okay with it
+rwUXJefxjs8-00851-00195712-00196078 um my plan is to wander outside
+rwUXJefxjs8-00852-00196079-00196302 and meet our little tree gel who
+rwUXJefxjs8-00853-00196303-00196511 hopefully is back there waiting for me
+rwUXJefxjs8-00854-00196512-00196759 waiting for us um and i'm going to leave
+rwUXJefxjs8-00855-00196760-00196871 nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-00856-00196872-00197159 to finish this physiotherapy and she's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00857-00197160-00197190 still
+rwUXJefxjs8-00858-00197191-00197511 she's still working on this talk so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00859-00197512-00197631 thank you very much
+rwUXJefxjs8-00860-00197632-00198007 nicole hi everyone
+rwUXJefxjs8-00861-00198008-00198166 all right and i'm gonna i'm gonna go
+rwUXJefxjs8-00862-00198167-00198566 back into the hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-00863-00198567-00198950 and then we'll go outside katie this is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00864-00198951-00199007 betsy
+rwUXJefxjs8-00865-00199008-00199287 as we're try as you're traveling i have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00866-00199288-00199390 another question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00867-00199391-00199750 from kelly okay well kelly's question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00868-00199751-00200054 is when testing how
+rwUXJefxjs8-00869-00200055-00200326 well they will be able to fly after
+rwUXJefxjs8-00870-00200327-00200454 surgery
+rwUXJefxjs8-00871-00200455-00200726 where does that take place to keep them
+rwUXJefxjs8-00872-00200727-00200966 from getting away
+rwUXJefxjs8-00873-00200967-00201311 ah so we use something
+rwUXJefxjs8-00874-00201312-00201775 on our large birds we use a creon which
+rwUXJefxjs8-00875-00201776-00202111 is sort of like a kite string so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00876-00202112-00202447 we attach sort of a sort of a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00877-00202448-00202807 paracord paracord uh to the birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-00878-00202808-00203238 legs um and it's on a big spool
+rwUXJefxjs8-00879-00203239-00203478 and we go out into a large open field
+rwUXJefxjs8-00880-00203479-00203543 and we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00881-00203544-00203902 let the bird fly um on this crayons and
+rwUXJefxjs8-00882-00203903-00203935 it's
+rwUXJefxjs8-00883-00203936-00204238 it's uh and then we just have to sort of
+rwUXJefxjs8-00884-00204239-00204390 gently pull the cord
+rwUXJefxjs8-00885-00204391-00204550 gently bring the bird down before it
+rwUXJefxjs8-00886-00204551-00204743 gets to any trees
+rwUXJefxjs8-00887-00204744-00205055 or something like that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00888-00205056-00205382 it's it's um you know to really get a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00889-00205383-00205519 bird flying
+rwUXJefxjs8-00890-00205519-00205686 long distances you have to have an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00891-00205687-00205966 enormous enclosure
+rwUXJefxjs8-00892-00205967-00206294 or something circular like a continuous
+rwUXJefxjs8-00893-00206296-00206423 flight barn
+rwUXJefxjs8-00894-00206423-00206575 which would be really cool to have we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00895-00206576-00206751 just don't have one so we
+rwUXJefxjs8-00896-00206752-00207282 rely on crayons crayons flying
+rwUXJefxjs8-00897-00207283-00207623 so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00898-00207623-00207831 thank you excuse me i've got another
+rwUXJefxjs8-00899-00207832-00207990 question katie
+rwUXJefxjs8-00900-00207991-00208294 uh from from patricia
+rwUXJefxjs8-00901-00208296-00208606 and patricia's question is is lead
+rwUXJefxjs8-00902-00208607-00208686 poisoning
+rwUXJefxjs8-00903-00208687-00208982 a problem with the gunshot injuries
+rwUXJefxjs8-00904-00208983-00209134 that's a very good question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00905-00209135-00209390 thank you patricia that that is a good
+rwUXJefxjs8-00906-00209391-00209510 question
+rwUXJefxjs8-00907-00209511-00209815 not typically typically lead poisoning
+rwUXJefxjs8-00908-00209816-00209934 is a problem when
+rwUXJefxjs8-00909-00209935-00210263 the bird eats the lid and the lead gets
+rwUXJefxjs8-00910-00210264-00210527 into the stomach and the digestive tract
+rwUXJefxjs8-00911-00210528-00210839 sometimes i think sometimes you can get
+rwUXJefxjs8-00912-00210840-00211023 lead toxicity
+rwUXJefxjs8-00913-00211023-00211415 if the bullet is in a in a joint
+rwUXJefxjs8-00914-00211416-00211734 but uh not we have not seen
+rwUXJefxjs8-00915-00211735-00212134 lead toxicity from a gunshot
+rwUXJefxjs8-00916-00212135-00212358 uh lead toxicity that we see is when the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00917-00212359-00212591 lead has been ingested
+rwUXJefxjs8-00918-00212592-00212839 so we're not uh we don't generally have
+rwUXJefxjs8-00919-00212840-00213055 to worry about lead toxicity with
+rwUXJefxjs8-00920-00213056-00213319 shot it's just that they eat the lead
+rwUXJefxjs8-00921-00213319-00213423 which they sometimes
+rwUXJefxjs8-00922-00213423-00213703 do inadvertently if a vulture or an
+rwUXJefxjs8-00923-00213704-00213831 eagle
+rwUXJefxjs8-00924-00213832-00214039 or a hawk is eating out a carcass or a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00925-00214040-00214158 gut pile
+rwUXJefxjs8-00926-00214159-00214423 which a gut pile you know that's like a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00927-00214423-00214503 bonanza
+rwUXJefxjs8-00928-00214504-00214791 you know if you're a scavenging bird um
+rwUXJefxjs8-00929-00214792-00214958 but unfortunately if there are small
+rwUXJefxjs8-00930-00214959-00215063 pieces of lead
+rwUXJefxjs8-00931-00215064-00215279 um in the gut pile the bird can swallow
+rwUXJefxjs8-00932-00215280-00215367 them
+rwUXJefxjs8-00933-00215367-00215655 um with inadvertently and then become
+rwUXJefxjs8-00934-00215656-00215839 sick from it so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00935-00215840-00216191 that's usually how we see lead toxicity
+rwUXJefxjs8-00936-00216192-00216551 inverts
+rwUXJefxjs8-00937-00216552-00216894 so i'm gonna if everybody's okay i'm
+rwUXJefxjs8-00938-00216896-00217151 gonna show you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00939-00217152-00217494 my little friend two friends
+rwUXJefxjs8-00940-00217496-00217831 one is bigger one is little
+rwUXJefxjs8-00941-00217832-00218351 uh i'm gonna go switch you to this way
+rwUXJefxjs8-00942-00218352-00218663 so this is this is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00943-00218664-00218919 cheyenne carter and she's a bird trainer
+rwUXJefxjs8-00944-00218919-00219110 here at the acca
+rwUXJefxjs8-00945-00219111-00219358 and her little friend is randolph the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00946-00219359-00219591 eastern screech owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-00947-00219592-00220015 um and randolph i was hit by a vehicle
+rwUXJefxjs8-00948-00220016-00220310 when he was a very young bird and he
+rwUXJefxjs8-00949-00220311-00220391 can't see
+rwUXJefxjs8-00950-00220392-00220606 well enough to return to the wild so
+rwUXJefxjs8-00951-00220607-00220694 unfortunately
+rwUXJefxjs8-00952-00220696-00221079 randolph um is uh has a permanent home
+rwUXJefxjs8-00953-00221080-00221303 here at acca i say unfortunately
+rwUXJefxjs8-00954-00221304-00221439 we would rather have him be out in the
+rwUXJefxjs8-00955-00221440-00221615 wild but he
+rwUXJefxjs8-00956-00221616-00221982 um he is
+rwUXJefxjs8-00957-00221983-00222279 a great educational ambassador for us
+rwUXJefxjs8-00958-00222280-00222431 and he is very has a very good
+rwUXJefxjs8-00959-00222432-00222671 relationship with cheyenne
+rwUXJefxjs8-00960-00222671-00222927 and you can see she's feeding him a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00961-00222928-00222982 little
+rwUXJefxjs8-00962-00222983-00223198 we're trying to feed him he's very very
+rwUXJefxjs8-00963-00223200-00223527 half-heartedly eating some mealworms
+rwUXJefxjs8-00964-00223528-00223831 and he also has some pieces of mice
+rwUXJefxjs8-00965-00223832-00224142 so we these sang they don't want that
+rwUXJefxjs8-00966-00224144-00224279 cheyenne
+rwUXJefxjs8-00967-00224280-00224615 so we train our birds using positive
+rwUXJefxjs8-00968-00224616-00224855 positive reinforcement operant
+rwUXJefxjs8-00969-00224856-00224982 conditioning
+rwUXJefxjs8-00970-00224983-00225206 so cheyenne has spent a lot of time with
+rwUXJefxjs8-00971-00225207-00225463 randolph
+rwUXJefxjs8-00972-00225464-00225687 building the relationship um building
+rwUXJefxjs8-00973-00225688-00225903 the relationship building trust
+rwUXJefxjs8-00974-00225904-00226079 getting randolph to the point where you
+rwUXJefxjs8-00975-00226080-00226263 know he wants to
+rwUXJefxjs8-00976-00226264-00226551 participate uh we we give our birds a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00977-00226552-00226606 choice
+rwUXJefxjs8-00978-00226607-00226775 whether or not they want to participate
+rwUXJefxjs8-00979-00226776-00226958 with our training sessions
+rwUXJefxjs8-00980-00226959-00227415 um almost always they do
+rwUXJefxjs8-00981-00227416-00227742 like like randolph here randolph almost
+rwUXJefxjs8-00982-00227744-00228046 i'm not sure randolph has ever said no
+rwUXJefxjs8-00983-00228048-00228471 so randolph has been with us
+rwUXJefxjs8-00984-00228471-00228910 for about three years
+rwUXJefxjs8-00985-00228911-00229246 and uh we screech owls
+rwUXJefxjs8-00986-00229248-00229446 um probably a ten-year-old screech owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-00987-00229448-00229591 in the wild would be a pretty old
+rwUXJefxjs8-00988-00229592-00229679 screech owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-00989-00229680-00229887 but so randolph randolph is still a
+rwUXJefxjs8-00990-00229888-00229991 youngster
+rwUXJefxjs8-00991-00229992-00230134 and we hope that we can have him for
+rwUXJefxjs8-00992-00230135-00230398 many years he's named randolph after
+rwUXJefxjs8-00993-00230400-00230510 randolph county
+rwUXJefxjs8-00994-00230511-00230823 which is where he was found injured
+rwUXJefxjs8-00995-00230823-00231158 and he is a red or a rufus morph
+rwUXJefxjs8-00996-00231159-00231423 screech owl they're also they also come
+rwUXJefxjs8-00997-00231423-00231631 in sort of a gray color
+rwUXJefxjs8-00998-00231632-00231863 screech owls are one of our most common
+rwUXJefxjs8-00999-00231864-00232151 patients here at the acca we usually see
+rwUXJefxjs8-01000-00232152-00232479 20 or 30 every year they're very
+rwUXJefxjs8-01001-00232480-00232687 very common you don't see them often
+rwUXJefxjs8-01002-00232688-00232958 because they blend in remarkably well
+rwUXJefxjs8-01003-00232959-00233382 but they are a very common
+rwUXJefxjs8-01004-00233383-00233582 bird in the eastern u.s they can be
+rwUXJefxjs8-01005-00233583-00233734 right in your backyard they only need a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01006-00233735-00233882 few trees
+rwUXJefxjs8-01007-00233883-00234191 uh and they nest in a hollow tree so you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01008-00234192-00234391 can put up a birdhouse that looks sort
+rwUXJefxjs8-01009-00234392-00234606 of like a large blueberry box
+rwUXJefxjs8-01010-00234607-00234751 and you might be able to attract an
+rwUXJefxjs8-01011-00234752-00235063 eastern screech owl to nest in your yard
+rwUXJefxjs8-01012-00235064-00235398 they eat a wide variety of prey
+rwUXJefxjs8-01013-00235400-00235751 they're very um generalists
+rwUXJefxjs8-01014-00235752-00236015 on what they eat anything mouth size or
+rwUXJefxjs8-01015-00236016-00236215 smaller an eastern screech owl might try
+rwUXJefxjs8-01016-00236216-00236310 to eat
+rwUXJefxjs8-01017-00236311-00236734 including insects like moths or
+rwUXJefxjs8-01018-00236735-00236942 other insects flying at night they'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-01019-00236944-00237151 eat small reptiles
+rwUXJefxjs8-01020-00237152-00237510 and amphibians they'll eat crayfish
+rwUXJefxjs8-01021-00237511-00237694 they've documented them trying to catch
+rwUXJefxjs8-01022-00237696-00237998 bats
+rwUXJefxjs8-01023-00238000-00238231 and again in mice moles anything
+rwUXJefxjs8-01024-00238232-00238310 anything about
+rwUXJefxjs8-01025-00238311-00238510 small mouth size or smaller screech owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-01026-00238511-00238767 might try to eat roosting birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-01027-00238767-00239134 um here at acca randolph eats uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01028-00239135-00239519 mice chicks some baby rats
+rwUXJefxjs8-01029-00239519-00239758 meal worms and wax worms and then he'll
+rwUXJefxjs8-01030-00239759-00239942 occasionally get something else like a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01031-00239944-00240127 little piece of deer meat
+rwUXJefxjs8-01032-00240128-00240406 if we have some or little pieces of fish
+rwUXJefxjs8-01033-00240407-00240510 maybe
+rwUXJefxjs8-01034-00240511-00240871 he might like those too
+rwUXJefxjs8-01035-00240871-00241167 if we have a big cicada cicada hatch
+rwUXJefxjs8-01036-00241167-00241327 like some parts of the country are going
+rwUXJefxjs8-01037-00241328-00241582 to have the 17 year cicadas come out
+rwUXJefxjs8-01038-00241583-00241894 uh screech owls would eat um cicadas in
+rwUXJefxjs8-01039-00241896-00242079 the wild also so if we get some we might
+rwUXJefxjs8-01040-00242080-00242630 feed some to randolph
+rwUXJefxjs8-01041-00242631-00243079 so um i don't i don't have a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01042-00243080-00243303 uh i can't see what time it is on my
+rwUXJefxjs8-01043-00243304-00243487 phone right now but i suspect that betsy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01044-00243488-00243615 we might be getting i don't want to go
+rwUXJefxjs8-01045-00243616-00243742 over
+rwUXJefxjs8-01046-00243744-00243910 over our time i suspect we're getting
+rwUXJefxjs8-01047-00243911-00244223 close right it's about 12 44
+rwUXJefxjs8-01048-00244223-00244542 katie all right and are we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01049-00244544-00244863 are we supposed to end at 12 45 it
+rwUXJefxjs8-01050-00244864-00245119 it really depends on how much time you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01051-00245119-00245294 have that's fine
+rwUXJefxjs8-01052-00245296-00245558 uh whatever you have time for does it
+rwUXJefxjs8-01053-00245559-00245598 and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01054-00245600-00245894 while we're pausing is there anyone here
+rwUXJefxjs8-01055-00245896-00246142 who has another question
+rwUXJefxjs8-01056-00246144-00246471 uh again please feel free to unmute your
+rwUXJefxjs8-01057-00246471-00246687 microphone and ask
+rwUXJefxjs8-01058-00246688-00247279 or post it in the chat
+rwUXJefxjs8-01059-00247280-00248287 any other questions
+rwUXJefxjs8-01060-00248288-00248630 randolph is a professional
+rwUXJefxjs8-01061-00248631-00248782 he's been doing this for a while and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01062-00248783-00249023 he's a he's got a great relationship
+rwUXJefxjs8-01063-00249023-00249310 with cheyenne and i'd like to think with
+rwUXJefxjs8-01064-00249311-00249510 me too but mostly cheyenne but he's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01065-00249511-00249710 pretty good with just about everybody
+rwUXJefxjs8-01066-00249711-00249958 some of our birds have favorites um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01067-00249959-00250263 randolph sort of likes everybody
+rwUXJefxjs8-01068-00250264-00250494 katie can you tell us what other
+rwUXJefxjs8-01069-00250496-00250682 resident birds you have
+rwUXJefxjs8-01070-00250683-00251063 there sure and actually i can walk
+rwUXJefxjs8-01071-00251064-00251327 up the hill just to um while we're
+rwUXJefxjs8-01072-00251328-00251494 talking to see if there's more birds we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01073-00251496-00251598 can look at
+rwUXJefxjs8-01074-00251600-00251855 that that would that would be wonderful
+rwUXJefxjs8-01075-00251856-00252006 i do have some comments
+rwUXJefxjs8-01076-00252007-00252327 i can read while you're watching um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01077-00252328-00252655 ann said this is wonderful it is evident
+rwUXJefxjs8-01078-00252656-00252991 that you love your jobs kelly
+rwUXJefxjs8-01079-00252992-00253358 kelly said that randolph is beautiful
+rwUXJefxjs8-01080-00253359-00253727 he is beautiful uh he's he's a wonderful
+rwUXJefxjs8-01081-00253728-00253927 little bird we love randolph he's very
+rwUXJefxjs8-01082-00253928-00254142 sassy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01083-00254144-00254406 he he has a huge personality for being
+rwUXJefxjs8-01084-00254407-00254606 such a little guy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01085-00254607-00254887 and you might you might notice too that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01086-00254888-00254982 um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01087-00254983-00255319 randolph is choosing to stay with
+rwUXJefxjs8-01088-00255319-00255415 cheyenne he's not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01089-00255416-00255791 actually on a leash or tethered um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01090-00255792-00256167 he's just he's trained to do this and he
+rwUXJefxjs8-01091-00256167-00256294 has the choice
+rwUXJefxjs8-01092-00256296-00256655 to not to not um but
+rwUXJefxjs8-01093-00256656-00257071 because we trust him so much and um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01094-00257071-00257319 you know we we are confident in his
+rwUXJefxjs8-01095-00257319-00257423 training that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01096-00257423-00257606 uh we can take him out without equipment
+rwUXJefxjs8-01097-00257607-00257903 on and we're working on flying
+rwUXJefxjs8-01098-00257904-00258142 outside we're working on training them
+rwUXJefxjs8-01099-00258144-00258246 to fly from a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01100-00258248-00258439 from glove to glove and from a perch to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01101-00258440-00258679 a glove we think that kids
+rwUXJefxjs8-01102-00258680-00259006 will love to see that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01103-00259007-00259167 whenever we're allowed to go back to do
+rwUXJefxjs8-01104-00259167-00259510 programs
+rwUXJefxjs8-01105-00259511-00259839 so that's that's quite a view there of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01106-00259840-00259958 the campus
+rwUXJefxjs8-01107-00259959-00260351 are you able to scan the view slowly
+rwUXJefxjs8-01108-00260352-00260558 for us so we can see i don't know if
+rwUXJefxjs8-01109-00260559-00260751 that's the best location but
+rwUXJefxjs8-01110-00260752-00261006 uh where wherever so that we can see
+rwUXJefxjs8-01111-00261007-00261055 again
+rwUXJefxjs8-01112-00261056-00261319 folks this is being broadcast live from
+rwUXJefxjs8-01113-00261319-00261551 morgantown west virginia
+rwUXJefxjs8-01114-00261552-00261863 which is about halfway between the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01115-00261864-00262175 cleveland akron ohio area
+rwUXJefxjs8-01116-00262176-00262487 and um and and washington and the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01117-00262488-00262655 baltimore area
+rwUXJefxjs8-01118-00262656-00262847 and actually where i'm going to go next
+rwUXJefxjs8-01119-00262848-00262991 is probably an even
+rwUXJefxjs8-01120-00262992-00263230 uh an even better way to give you a view
+rwUXJefxjs8-01121-00263231-00263479 of the campus here great so let me let
+rwUXJefxjs8-01122-00263480-00263534 me walk
+rwUXJefxjs8-01123-00263535-00263751 up the hill uh that i can kind of give
+rwUXJefxjs8-01124-00263752-00263951 you an overview
+rwUXJefxjs8-01125-00263952-00264334 um yes we are we're outside of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01126-00264335-00264519 morgantown near cheat lake and we're
+rwUXJefxjs8-01127-00264520-00264775 gonna say bye to cheyenne and randolph
+rwUXJefxjs8-01128-00264776-00265063 they're gonna go inside it's cold out
+rwUXJefxjs8-01129-00265064-00265343 here today
+rwUXJefxjs8-01130-00265344-00265679 here in morgantown um so my nose is
+rwUXJefxjs8-01131-00265680-00265871 running
+rwUXJefxjs8-01132-00265872-00266055 so where i am up here this is probably a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01133-00266056-00266199 better place to give you an
+rwUXJefxjs8-01134-00266200-00266575 overview so uh cheat lake animal
+rwUXJefxjs8-01135-00266576-00266679 hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-01136-00266680-00266910 this building you're seeing right here
+rwUXJefxjs8-01137-00266911-00267030 and it's a very
+rwUXJefxjs8-01138-00267031-00267319 large structure it used to it's it's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01139-00267320-00267406 built around
+rwUXJefxjs8-01140-00267407-00267710 a small a-frame house that's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01141-00267711-00267895 i think about 100 years old and they
+rwUXJefxjs8-01142-00267896-00268047 added you can see the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01143-00268048-00268271 maybe the original chimneys of the house
+rwUXJefxjs8-01144-00268272-00268495 kind of in the middle there
+rwUXJefxjs8-01145-00268496-00268863 the ones that look like stone
+rwUXJefxjs8-01146-00268864-00269103 and then um they've added to it over the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01147-00269104-00269287 years
+rwUXJefxjs8-01148-00269288-00269510 and uh this is another building here
+rwUXJefxjs8-01149-00269511-00269751 above the animal hospital where we do
+rwUXJefxjs8-01150-00269752-00270151 our rehab work and it's this is like a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01151-00270152-00270358 a great spot on a hill we've got a lot
+rwUXJefxjs8-01152-00270359-00270606 of vultures that fly around here
+rwUXJefxjs8-01153-00270607-00270887 and behind the animal hospital is
+rwUXJefxjs8-01154-00270888-00271023 actually the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01155-00271024-00271230 back this back this direction is the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01156-00271231-00271567 edge of cooper's rock state forest
+rwUXJefxjs8-01157-00271568-00271895 so it's really nice to have this um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01158-00271896-00272087 nobody you know can build right behind
+rwUXJefxjs8-01159-00272088-00272239 us
+rwUXJefxjs8-01160-00272240-00272391 of course we can't build further that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01161-00272392-00272551 direction either because of the state
+rwUXJefxjs8-01162-00272552-00272734 forest the animal hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-01163-00272735-00273158 has i think 20 20 or 21 doctors and it's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01164-00273159-00273375 open 24 hours so it's a very it is a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01165-00273376-00273606 very busy place
+rwUXJefxjs8-01166-00273607-00273871 they're always always busy and looking
+rwUXJefxjs8-01167-00273872-00273982 to grow
+rwUXJefxjs8-01168-00273983-00274310 so i'm gonna see i'm gonna see if this
+rwUXJefxjs8-01169-00274311-00274430 bird will
+rwUXJefxjs8-01170-00274431-00274767 let you see him
+rwUXJefxjs8-01171-00274768-00275127 so everybody can see this bird right
+rwUXJefxjs8-01172-00275128-00275367 and this is of course a bald eagle and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01173-00275368-00275582 maybe you're thinking gosh you showed us
+rwUXJefxjs8-01174-00275583-00275863 you know vultures and other stuff first
+rwUXJefxjs8-01175-00275864-00276055 why didn't you show us this guy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01176-00276056-00276471 so this this eagle um is one who uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01177-00276472-00276743 unfortunately um can't return to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01178-00276744-00276823 wild
+rwUXJefxjs8-01179-00276824-00277158 uh he had a fracture and bad soft tissue
+rwUXJefxjs8-01180-00277159-00277230 injury
+rwUXJefxjs8-01181-00277231-00277575 um to his right wing and we're not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01182-00277576-00277767 entirely sure what happened
+rwUXJefxjs8-01183-00277768-00278158 but we think that he uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01184-00278159-00278495 was in a fight with another eagle eagles
+rwUXJefxjs8-01185-00278496-00278687 can be very territorial
+rwUXJefxjs8-01186-00278688-00278943 and he can fly a little bit but
+rwUXJefxjs8-01187-00278944-00279119 unfortunately his wing is just never
+rwUXJefxjs8-01188-00279120-00279247 going to work well enough for him to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01189-00279248-00279510 return to the wild so
+rwUXJefxjs8-01190-00279511-00279879 um he's officially still a rehab bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-01191-00279880-00280015 for us but
+rwUXJefxjs8-01192-00280016-00280279 we have paper uh permit pending to keep
+rwUXJefxjs8-01193-00280280-00280543 him um to use for education but
+rwUXJefxjs8-01194-00280544-00280871 it's uh uh not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01195-00280872-00281095 not through yet um so we're just kind of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01196-00281096-00281215 waiting to hear if we can
+rwUXJefxjs8-01197-00281216-00281487 if we can keep him to use for education
+rwUXJefxjs8-01198-00281488-00281630 he is
+rwUXJefxjs8-01199-00281631-00281830 um i i don't know i know this sounds
+rwUXJefxjs8-01200-00281831-00282039 weird to say but this is the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01201-00282040-00282271 nicest calmest bald eagle that i think
+rwUXJefxjs8-01202-00282272-00282430 i've ever
+rwUXJefxjs8-01203-00282431-00282758 seen or that that uh that has come into
+rwUXJefxjs8-01204-00282759-00282951 acca he's just a wonderful
+rwUXJefxjs8-01205-00282952-00283223 bird um he's got he just got fed he's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01206-00283224-00283334 got some fish
+rwUXJefxjs8-01207-00283335-00283510 um over on his feeding platform looks
+rwUXJefxjs8-01208-00283511-00283655 like he ate some of it but not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01209-00283656-00283903 he hasn't finished it yet but he really
+rwUXJefxjs8-01210-00283904-00284030 is a great bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-01211-00284031-00284254 and we're hopeful that we will get to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01212-00284255-00284406 give him a permanent home
+rwUXJefxjs8-01213-00284407-00284687 here we certainly love him he's got a
+rwUXJefxjs8-01214-00284688-00284887 nice big enclosure
+rwUXJefxjs8-01215-00284888-00285687 and he's talking right he's tough
+rwUXJefxjs8-01216-00285688-00285895 and that's the sound a bald eagle makes
+rwUXJefxjs8-01217-00285896-00286087 it's not the other sound that you always
+rwUXJefxjs8-01218-00286088-00286247 hear in the movies is the red tail of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01219-00286248-00286391 hawk call
+rwUXJefxjs8-01220-00286392-00286663 so what this this bird is sort of like
+rwUXJefxjs8-01221-00286664-00286727 the uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01222-00286728-00286934 sort of like the greeter at walmart he
+rwUXJefxjs8-01223-00286935-00287151 um every time somebody
+rwUXJefxjs8-01224-00287152-00287327 parks in the parking lot or walks along
+rwUXJefxjs8-01225-00287328-00287543 the path he greets them like that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01226-00287544-00287815 and at first we thought maybe it was um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01227-00287816-00288054 you know maybe he wasn't um happy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01228-00288055-00288375 uh but but he doesn't seem stressed out
+rwUXJefxjs8-01229-00288376-00288558 by people walking around and he just
+rwUXJefxjs8-01230-00288559-00288775 kind of kind of churched everybody
+rwUXJefxjs8-01231-00288776-00288999 and something funny about this eagle too
+rwUXJefxjs8-01232-00289000-00289158 he's got a bird feeder
+rwUXJefxjs8-01233-00289159-00289447 right outside right outside his window
+rwUXJefxjs8-01234-00289448-00289510 here
+rwUXJefxjs8-01235-00289511-00289695 that that he just sort of sits and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01236-00289696-00289903 watches this bird feeder
+rwUXJefxjs8-01237-00289904-00290087 all all all day it's like his
+rwUXJefxjs8-01238-00290088-00290254 entertainment um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01239-00290255-00290447 the birds the the birds come and eat and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01240-00290448-00290615 they're only you know 10 feet from this
+rwUXJefxjs8-01241-00290616-00290863 bald eagle and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01242-00290864-00291134 they've gotten accustomed to him and he
+rwUXJefxjs8-01243-00291135-00291254 seems to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01244-00291255-00291519 sit and watch them all day the blue jays
+rwUXJefxjs8-01245-00291520-00291695 and the cardinals flying into this bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-01246-00291696-00291975 feeder
+rwUXJefxjs8-01247-00291976-00292303 so um i probably should finish up soon
+rwUXJefxjs8-01248-00292304-00292463 and let everybody go
+rwUXJefxjs8-01249-00292464-00292630 but but i'm happy to answer any
+rwUXJefxjs8-01250-00292631-00292799 questions that you might have if anybody
+rwUXJefxjs8-01251-00292800-00293103 has questions still
+rwUXJefxjs8-01252-00293104-00293439 thank you katie this is so awesome
+rwUXJefxjs8-01253-00293440-00293751 we have a comment from gary gary said he
+rwUXJefxjs8-01254-00293752-00293887 is the cleanest
+rwUXJefxjs8-01255-00293888-00294215 healthiest eagle in captivity he's ever
+rwUXJefxjs8-01256-00294216-00294543 seen i thank you gary i think that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01257-00294544-00294663 you're right i mean he
+rwUXJefxjs8-01258-00294664-00295006 is uh he's a wonderful eagle and we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01259-00295007-00295199 we love him and we we try to take the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01260-00295200-00295471 best care of him that we can
+rwUXJefxjs8-01261-00295472-00295719 that's great does anyone else here have
+rwUXJefxjs8-01262-00295720-00295934 any other questions before we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01263-00295935-00296303 we proceed to closing nicole is back too
+rwUXJefxjs8-01264-00296304-00296710 hi nicole any other questions
+rwUXJefxjs8-01265-00296711-00297063 okay terry terry has a question
+rwUXJefxjs8-01266-00297064-00297367 terry's question is how do you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01267-00297368-00297719 figure out where these birds go
+rwUXJefxjs8-01268-00297720-00298039 when they become educational birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-01269-00298040-00298382 do zoos take them sometimes
+rwUXJefxjs8-01270-00298383-00298654 yes that's a great question so uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01271-00298655-00298879 depending on the species it can be easy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01272-00298880-00299006 or difficult
+rwUXJefxjs8-01273-00299007-00299487 to place the birds um and we also
+rwUXJefxjs8-01274-00299488-00299895 depend we also have to think about
+rwUXJefxjs8-01275-00299896-00300087 where we place birds depending on the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01276-00300088-00300310 individual bird and the species
+rwUXJefxjs8-01277-00300311-00300471 and we also have to think about the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01278-00300472-00300695 birds the nature of the birds injuries
+rwUXJefxjs8-01279-00300696-00300871 and the age of the bird
+rwUXJefxjs8-01280-00300872-00301103 usually young birds are better
+rwUXJefxjs8-01281-00301104-00301199 candidates
+rwUXJefxjs8-01282-00301200-00301534 for living under human care than
+rwUXJefxjs8-01283-00301535-00301871 adult birds and usually
+rwUXJefxjs8-01284-00301872-00302230 birds that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01285-00302231-00302534 are able to fly at least a little bit
+rwUXJefxjs8-01286-00302535-00302719 are are usually better candidates than
+rwUXJefxjs8-01287-00302720-00303039 birds that are not totally non-flighted
+rwUXJefxjs8-01288-00303040-00303343 um sometimes birds with big amputations
+rwUXJefxjs8-01289-00303344-00303615 are not great um candidates for for life
+rwUXJefxjs8-01290-00303616-00303830 under human care they bang their
+rwUXJefxjs8-01291-00303831-00304006 wings against the sides of the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01292-00304007-00304151 enclosures
+rwUXJefxjs8-01293-00304152-00304503 which is not good for not good um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01294-00304504-00304830 but uh there are some lists some list
+rwUXJefxjs8-01295-00304831-00304991 serves that were places where you can
+rwUXJefxjs8-01296-00304992-00305047 post
+rwUXJefxjs8-01297-00305048-00305382 birds looking for homes but but between
+rwUXJefxjs8-01298-00305383-00305495 um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01299-00305496-00305734 between a lot of us who work here we can
+rwUXJefxjs8-01300-00305735-00305910 we usually know enough people that we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01301-00305911-00305999 can
+rwUXJefxjs8-01302-00306000-00306319 uh find spots for them
+rwUXJefxjs8-01303-00306320-00306654 um so far i don't think we've ever had
+rwUXJefxjs8-01304-00306655-00306830 i don't think we've ever not been able
+rwUXJefxjs8-01305-00306831-00307006 to place a bird that we were hoping to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01306-00307007-00307191 play somewhere
+rwUXJefxjs8-01307-00307192-00307695 um so we've sent birds as far away as
+rwUXJefxjs8-01308-00307696-00307879 california
+rwUXJefxjs8-01309-00307880-00308199 for permanent homes in florida
+rwUXJefxjs8-01310-00308200-00308406 we have a bird at church we thunderbird
+rwUXJefxjs8-01311-00308407-00308575 turtle bay exploration park
+rwUXJefxjs8-01312-00308576-00308887 in a redding california uh a bard owl
+rwUXJefxjs8-01313-00308888-00309039 and we sent a screech owl through the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01314-00309040-00309303 jacksonville zoo
+rwUXJefxjs8-01315-00309304-00309567 the maryland state park uh scales and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01316-00309568-00309710 tails program
+rwUXJefxjs8-01317-00309711-00309951 has a lot of our quite a few of our
+rwUXJefxjs8-01318-00309952-00310167 non-releasable birds um in their program
+rwUXJefxjs8-01319-00310168-00310479 uh different state parks so it's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01320-00310480-00310887 um so we every bird's an individual and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01321-00310888-00311071 every bird has to be evaluated for how
+rwUXJefxjs8-01322-00311072-00311310 it's going to survive
+rwUXJefxjs8-01323-00311311-00311487 living under human care for the rest of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01324-00311488-00311679 its life we want we want the birds to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-01325-00311680-00311879 as healthy and as well cared for and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01326-00311880-00312287 not not stressed out as possible
+rwUXJefxjs8-01327-00312288-00312551 thank you winnie said thank you for your
+rwUXJefxjs8-01328-00312552-00312951 time and compassion
+rwUXJefxjs8-01329-00312952-00313279 well thank you everybody for watching uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01330-00313280-00313671 and let's see terry said as far as clyde
+rwUXJefxjs8-01331-00313672-00313887 could it be possible for him to go to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01332-00313888-00314182 the baltimore zoo
+rwUXJefxjs8-01333-00314183-00314582 um i'm not sure it sort of depends on
+rwUXJefxjs8-01334-00314583-00315071 it depends on who needs a black vulture
+rwUXJefxjs8-01335-00315072-00315382 you know certainly we would try to uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01336-00315383-00315615 if there's a if if he's not releasable
+rwUXJefxjs8-01337-00315616-00315727 and his wing
+rwUXJefxjs8-01338-00315728-00315975 heals enough or he'll be comfortable
+rwUXJefxjs8-01339-00315976-00316167 living under human care
+rwUXJefxjs8-01340-00316168-00316487 uh we would try to find places near
+rwUXJefxjs8-01341-00316488-00316695 nearby because we know he has a lot of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01342-00316696-00316791 fans
+rwUXJefxjs8-01343-00316792-00316951 who probably would like to visit him if
+rwUXJefxjs8-01344-00316952-00317143 possible um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01345-00317144-00317367 we got to get that bone to heal before
+rwUXJefxjs8-01346-00317368-00317463 we can make any
+rwUXJefxjs8-01347-00317464-00317687 you know determinations about about that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01348-00317688-00317863 but but it but if he's going to be
+rwUXJefxjs8-01349-00317864-00317999 comfortable under human care
+rwUXJefxjs8-01350-00318000-00318206 we try to get him somewhere where his
+rwUXJefxjs8-01351-00318207-00318375 fans uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01352-00318376-00318679 can come see him
+rwUXJefxjs8-01353-00318680-00318975 very good well i'm so happy that he has
+rwUXJefxjs8-01354-00318976-00319119 so many friends
+rwUXJefxjs8-01355-00319120-00319319 uh vultures need more friends and they
+rwUXJefxjs8-01356-00319320-00319479 usually they often will have this you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01357-00319480-00319623 know bad reputation
+rwUXJefxjs8-01358-00319624-00319975 and and vultures are my favorite birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-01359-00319976-00320095 are vultures
+rwUXJefxjs8-01360-00320096-00320454 they're just wonderful they do
+rwUXJefxjs8-01361-00320455-00320654 great service for the ecosystem by
+rwUXJefxjs8-01362-00320655-00320815 removing um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01363-00320816-00321071 dead animals and helping to stop the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01364-00321072-00321223 spread of disease
+rwUXJefxjs8-01365-00321224-00321375 um they're very very important for
+rwUXJefxjs8-01366-00321376-00321527 ecosystem health
+rwUXJefxjs8-01367-00321528-00321751 and they don't they they don't get
+rwUXJefxjs8-01368-00321752-00321903 enough credit for it i don't think
+rwUXJefxjs8-01369-00321904-00322087 so i'm really glad that he has so many
+rwUXJefxjs8-01370-00322088-00322295 friends that's wonderful
+rwUXJefxjs8-01371-00322296-00322639 so thank you thank you great um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01372-00322640-00323023 uh just one one last couple things terry
+rwUXJefxjs8-01373-00323024-00323054 said
+rwUXJefxjs8-01374-00323055-00323447 if his bone doesn't heal then what
+rwUXJefxjs8-01375-00323448-00323871 well then we have to we have to uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01376-00323872-00323999 i mean we have to talk to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01377-00324000-00324239 veterinarian about it uh if his bone
+rwUXJefxjs8-01378-00324240-00324639 he can't he can't survive comfortably
+rwUXJefxjs8-01379-00324640-00325015 with a non-union fracture uh it would be
+rwUXJefxjs8-01380-00325016-00325247 it'd be you know inhumane for us to do
+rwUXJefxjs8-01381-00325248-00325406 that to him
+rwUXJefxjs8-01382-00325407-00325710 painful every day uh if you think about
+rwUXJefxjs8-01383-00325711-00326103 if you think about your humorous
+rwUXJefxjs8-01384-00326104-00326454 being being like broken yeah
+rwUXJefxjs8-01385-00326455-00326719 they would slide and yeah you can't they
+rwUXJefxjs8-01386-00326720-00326943 would be completely inhumane and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01387-00326944-00327215 yeah so uh we have to talk to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01388-00327216-00327423 veterinarian about it i mean
+rwUXJefxjs8-01389-00327424-00327582 we're just really hopeful that we don't
+rwUXJefxjs8-01390-00327583-00327775 have to we don't have to go there we're
+rwUXJefxjs8-01391-00327776-00327958 hopeful that the bone heals
+rwUXJefxjs8-01392-00327959-00328271 even if it heals badly uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01393-00328272-00328478 as long as it stays it stays in place
+rwUXJefxjs8-01394-00328479-00328703 yeah that's what we need to see happen
+rwUXJefxjs8-01395-00328704-00328847 um there are actually federal
+rwUXJefxjs8-01396-00328848-00329254 regulations against amputating above uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01397-00329255-00329487 i think i believe it's the elbow joint
+rwUXJefxjs8-01398-00329488-00329582 so he's not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01399-00329583-00329847 a candidate for amputating either
+rwUXJefxjs8-01400-00329848-00330063 because the bone is too far the break is
+rwUXJefxjs8-01401-00330064-00330103 too
+rwUXJefxjs8-01402-00330104-00330495 too too far up on his wing
+rwUXJefxjs8-01403-00330496-00330847 but hopefully um you know hopefully we
+rwUXJefxjs8-01404-00330848-00330951 can get that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01405-00330952-00331351 get that wings that fracture to bridge
+rwUXJefxjs8-01406-00331352-00331527 so we don't have to make any sad you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01407-00331528-00331734 know
+rwUXJefxjs8-01408-00331735-00331975 bad decisions and we know we'll know
+rwUXJefxjs8-01409-00331976-00332254 more like four weeks after his surgery
+rwUXJefxjs8-01410-00332255-00332503 yeah yeah it's a little bit too soon
+rwUXJefxjs8-01411-00332504-00332678 yeah we'll know
+rwUXJefxjs8-01412-00332679-00332927 we'll keep everybody updated on him he's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01413-00332928-00333143 certainly not
+rwUXJefxjs8-01414-00333144-00333310 he's certainly not having a bad time
+rwUXJefxjs8-01415-00333311-00333575 though right now so
+rwUXJefxjs8-01416-00333576-00333751 he eats all of it he eats all of his
+rwUXJefxjs8-01417-00333752-00333967 food and he gets his meds and he um
+rwUXJefxjs8-01418-00333968-00334230 he doesn't complain very often
+rwUXJefxjs8-01419-00334231-00334343 [Applause]
+rwUXJefxjs8-01420-00334344-00334630 well very good well thank you so much uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01421-00334631-00334734 thank you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01422-00334735-00335023 all attendees everyone who could come
+rwUXJefxjs8-01423-00335024-00335110 adrina
+rwUXJefxjs8-01424-00335111-00335447 said thank you very informative
+rwUXJefxjs8-01425-00335448-00335758 and we'd like to thank you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01426-00335759-00336071 katie and nicole thank you for giving us
+rwUXJefxjs8-01427-00336072-00336287 this wonderful tour
+rwUXJefxjs8-01428-00336288-00336623 before we go i'm going to share my
+rwUXJefxjs8-01429-00336624-00336806 screen again
+rwUXJefxjs8-01430-00336807-00337127 which has the information about how you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01431-00337128-00337334 can contact the center
+rwUXJefxjs8-01432-00337335-00337647 where you can make a donation and which
+rwUXJefxjs8-01433-00337648-00337847 we hope you will do
+rwUXJefxjs8-01434-00337848-00338206 and let me let me share my screen
+rwUXJefxjs8-01435-00338207-00338503 right now thank you so much again katie
+rwUXJefxjs8-01436-00338504-00338606 and nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-01437-00338607-00338919 thank you very much thank you betsy
+rwUXJefxjs8-01438-00338920-00339271 all right uh hang on just a moment all
+rwUXJefxjs8-01439-00339272-00339439 right i'm going to go through
+rwUXJefxjs8-01440-00339440-00339734 please make a generous donation uh
+rwUXJefxjs8-01441-00339735-00340023 wildlife rehabilitation specialists are
+rwUXJefxjs8-01442-00340024-00340134 some of today's
+rwUXJefxjs8-01443-00340135-00340503 unsung heroes and heroines and really
+rwUXJefxjs8-01444-00340504-00340591 working under
+rwUXJefxjs8-01445-00340592-00340943 tremendous pressure they continue to aid
+rwUXJefxjs8-01446-00340944-00341223 and assist wildlife despite the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01447-00341224-00341510 crippling effects of climate change
+rwUXJefxjs8-01448-00341511-00341847 that are is now compounded by the social
+rwUXJefxjs8-01449-00341848-00342319 and economic complications of covet 19.
+rwUXJefxjs8-01450-00342320-00342591 so i'd like to go through this slide
+rwUXJefxjs8-01451-00342592-00342639 again
+rwUXJefxjs8-01452-00342640-00342991 please make a generous donation
+rwUXJefxjs8-01453-00342992-00343215 to the and i've listed several ways that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01454-00343216-00343343 you can do that
+rwUXJefxjs8-01455-00343344-00343751 to the acca it's a 501c3 nonprofit
+rwUXJefxjs8-01456-00343752-00343887 organization
+rwUXJefxjs8-01457-00343888-00344391 you can donate to the accawv.org
+rwUXJefxjs8-01458-00344392-00344751 contact page you can also go to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01459-00344752-00344823 facebook
+rwUXJefxjs8-01460-00344824-00345119 page and there will be a donate button
+rwUXJefxjs8-01461-00345120-00345158 link
+rwUXJefxjs8-01462-00345159-00345430 there you can click the donate button
+rwUXJefxjs8-01463-00345431-00345471 and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01464-00345472-00345734 and make a donation directly to the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01465-00345735-00345927 center's bank account
+rwUXJefxjs8-01466-00345928-00346158 a third way that you can do it is to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01467-00346159-00346295 mail a check
+rwUXJefxjs8-01468-00346296-00346534 and you can mail the check to the avian
+rwUXJefxjs8-01469-00346535-00346678 conservation center
+rwUXJefxjs8-01470-00346679-00347015 of appalachia attention wildlife
+rwUXJefxjs8-01471-00347016-00347127 rehabilitation
+rwUXJefxjs8-01472-00347128-00347575 staff 286 fairchance road
+rwUXJefxjs8-01473-00347576-00348110 morgantown west virginia 26508
+rwUXJefxjs8-01474-00348111-00348439 or you can give them a call at phone
+rwUXJefxjs8-01475-00348440-00348939 phone number 304-906
+rwUXJefxjs8-01476-00348940-00349271 5438 or send an email
+rwUXJefxjs8-01477-00349272-00349839 admin at accawv.org
+rwUXJefxjs8-01478-00349840-00350158 you can see their supply wish list of
+rwUXJefxjs8-01479-00350159-00350278 equipment
+rwUXJefxjs8-01480-00350279-00350687 resources and husbandry supplies
+rwUXJefxjs8-01481-00350688-00350967 by going to the article live bird and
+rwUXJefxjs8-01482-00350968-00351191 wildlife rehabilitation i've listed the
+rwUXJefxjs8-01483-00351192-00351343 title there for you
+rwUXJefxjs8-01484-00351344-00351743 and that's at the wc audubon.org website
+rwUXJefxjs8-01485-00351744-00352063 or follow that shortened link there
+rwUXJefxjs8-01486-00352064-00352343 here's a photo of some of the supplies
+rwUXJefxjs8-01487-00352344-00352510 that are needed
+rwUXJefxjs8-01488-00352511-00352951 trash bags high energy trail mix snap
+rwUXJefxjs8-01489-00352952-00353254 snacks paper towels
+rwUXJefxjs8-01490-00353255-00353558 rope any of these these things and again
+rwUXJefxjs8-01491-00353559-00353647 they're listed
+rwUXJefxjs8-01492-00353648-00354030 at the acca's supply wish list
+rwUXJefxjs8-01493-00354031-00354439 at that link thank you again to
+rwUXJefxjs8-01494-00354440-00354782 katie uh fallon and nicole
+rwUXJefxjs8-01495-00354783-00355310 and dr jesse fallon uh at the hospital
+rwUXJefxjs8-01496-00355311-00355599 there's another lovely picture uh with
+rwUXJefxjs8-01497-00355600-00355878 one of the resident birds
+rwUXJefxjs8-01498-00355879-00356263 and if you would like to watch a program
+rwUXJefxjs8-01499-00356264-00356687 you can do so by going to youtube
+rwUXJefxjs8-01500-00356688-00357015 and you can see all
+rwUXJefxjs8-01501-00357016-00357334 of the programs there uh again
+rwUXJefxjs8-01502-00357335-00357606 thank you so much the avian conservation
+rwUXJefxjs8-01503-00357607-00357854 center of appalachia
+rwUXJefxjs8-01504-00357855-00358454 go and visit their website accawv.org
+rwUXJefxjs8-01505-00358455-00358806 and uh and make a contribution
+rwUXJefxjs8-01506-00358807-00359110 connect up with them on social media get
+rwUXJefxjs8-01507-00359111-00359263 the word out
+rwUXJefxjs8-01508-00359264-00359510 and thank you so much for attending
+rwUXJefxjs8-01509-00359511-00359882 everyone
+rwUXJefxjs8-01510-00359883-00360183 bye-bye
+rxCR2jBGfEg-00000-00000056-00001589 okay
+rxCR2jBGfEg-00001-00001590-00002279 [Music]
+rxCR2jBGfEg-00002-00002280-00002580 foreign
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+rxLGncbJfZ0-00026-00005959-00006208 hydrocarbons
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00027-00006209-00006566 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00028-00006567-00006887 topic definitions of organic versus
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00029-00006888-00007448 inorganic for historical reasons
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00030-00007448-00007696 discussed below a few types of carbon
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00031-00007697-00007925 containing compounds such as carbides
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00032-00007926-00008207 carbonates simple oxides of carbon for
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00033-00008208-00008528 example co and co2 and cyanides are
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00034-00008529-00008798 considered inorganic allotropes of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00035-00008799-00008974 carbon such as diamond graphite
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00036-00008975-00009251 fullerenes and carbon nanotubes are also
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00037-00009252-00009419 excluded because they are simple
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00038-00009420-00009617 substances composed of only a single
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00039-00009618-00009827 element and therefore allotropes are not
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00040-00009828-00010004 generally considered to be chemical
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00041-00010005-00010221 compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00042-00010222-00010582 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00043-00010583-00011086 topic history
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00044-00011087-00011429 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00045-00011430-00012030 topic vitalism for many centuries
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00046-00012031-00012276 Western physicians and chemists believed
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00047-00012277-00012486 in vitalism this was the widespread
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00048-00012487-00012699 conception that substances found in
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00049-00012700-00012882 organic nature are created from the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00050-00012883-00013065 chemical elements by the action of a
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00051-00013066-00013530 vital force or life force this Vitalis
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00052-00013531-00013733 that only living organisms possess
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00053-00013734-00014047 vitalism taught that these organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00054-00014049-00014280 compounds were fundamentally different
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00055-00014281-00014583 from the inorganic compounds that could
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00056-00014584-00014727 be obtained from the elements by
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00057-00014728-00015075 chemical manipulations vitalism survived
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00058-00015076-00015261 for a while even after the rise of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00059-00015262-00015483 modern ideas about the atomic theory and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00060-00015484-00015768 chemical elements it first came under
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00061-00015769-00016041 question in 1824 when friedrich wöhler
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00062-00016041-00016319 synthesized oxalic acid a compound known
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00063-00016320-00016527 to occur only in living organisms from
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00064-00016528-00016857 cyanogen a more decisive experiment was
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00065-00016858-00017147 Wohlers 1828 synthesis of urea from the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00066-00017148-00017385 inorganic salts potassium cyanide and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00067-00017386-00017661 ammonium sulfate urea had long been
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00068-00017662-00018006 considered an organic compound as it was
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00069-00018007-00018171 known to occur only in the urine of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00070-00018172-00018462 living organisms woola's experiments
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00071-00018463-00018644 were followed by many others in which
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00072-00018645-00019014 increasingly complex organic substances
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00073-00019015-00019296 were produced from inorganic ones
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00074-00019297-00019455 without the involvement of any living
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00075-00019456-00019634 organism
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00076-00019635-00019969 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00077-00019970-00020263 topic modern classification and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00078-00020264-00020658 ambiguities
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00079-00020659-00020850 even though vitalism has been
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00080-00020851-00021024 discredited scientific nomenclature
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00081-00021025-00021297 retains the distinction between organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00082-00021298-00021572 and inorganic compounds the modern
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00083-00021573-00021771 meaning of organic compound as any
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00084-00021772-00021972 compound that contains a significant
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00085-00021973-00022203 amount of carbon even though many of the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00086-00022204-00022413 organic compounds known today have no
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00087-00022414-00022599 connection to any substance found in
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00088-00022600-00022707 living organisms
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00089-00022708-00022971 the term carbon genic has been proposed
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00090-00022972-00023229 by EJ quarry as a modern alternative to
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00091-00023230-00023442 organic but this neologism remains
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00092-00023443-00023799 relatively obscure the organic compound
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00093-00023800-00024036 l isoleucine molecule presents some
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00094-00024037-00024264 features typical of organic compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00095-00024265-00024492 carbon-carbon bonds carbon hydrogen
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00096-00024493-00024728 bonds as well as covalent bonds from
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00097-00024729-00024986 carbon to oxygen and to nitrogen as
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00098-00024987-00025287 described in detail below any definition
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00099-00025288-00025494 of organic compound that uses simple
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00100-00025495-00025743 broadly applicable criteria turns out to
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00101-00025744-00025989 be unsatisfactory to varying degrees
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00102-00025989-00026226 the modern commonly accepted definition
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00103-00026227-00026517 of organic compound essentially amounts
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00104-00026518-00026694 to any carbon containing compound
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00105-00026695-00026943 excluding several classes of substances
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00106-00026944-00027173 traditionally considered as inorganic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00107-00027174-00027438 however the list of substances so
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00108-00027439-00027664 excluded varies from author to author
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00109-00027666-00027930 still it is generally agreed upon that
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00110-00027931-00028121 there are at least a few carbon
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00111-00028122-00028295 containing compounds that should not be
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00112-00028297-00028581 considered organic for instance almost
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00113-00028582-00028773 all authorities would require the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00114-00028774-00029004 exclusion of alloys that contain carbon
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00115-00029005-00029223 including steel which contains semen
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00116-00029224-00029471 type faith 3 C as well as other metal
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00117-00029472-00029758 and semi metal carbides including ionic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00118-00029760-00030180 carbides eg al 4 C 3 and CAC 2 in
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00119-00030181-00030654 covalent carbides eg b 4c and SiC and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00120-00030655-00031062 graphite intercalation compounds eg k c8
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00121-00031063-00031320 other compounds and materials that are
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00122-00031320-00031512 considered inorganic by most authorities
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00123-00031513-00031773 include metal carbonates simple oxides
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00124-00031774-00032232 co co 2 and arguably C 3 o2 the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00125-00032233-00032481 allotropes of carbon cyanide derivatives
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00126-00032482-00032765 not containing an organic residue eg k
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00127-00032766-00033287 CN CN 2 BR CN CN o- etc and heavier
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00128-00033288-00033663 analogues thereof eg c p- siphon anion
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00129-00033664-00033807 CSE cuss
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00130-00033808-00034041 although cs2 carbon disulfide
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00131-00034042-00034242 is often classed as an organic solvent
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00132-00034243-00034557 halides of carbon without hydrogen eg C
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00133-00034558-00035031 f4 and C clf3 phosgene cocl2 carb or
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00134-00035032-00035337 aims metal carbonyls eg nickel carbonyl
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00135-00035338-00035682 melodic and hydrate c1 209 and other
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00136-00035683-00035928 exotic oXXO carbons are also considered
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00137-00035929-00036237 inorganic by some authorities nickel
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00138-00036238-00036513 carbonyl nee co 4 and other metal
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00139-00036514-00036713 carbonyls present an interesting case
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00140-00036714-00036984 they are often volatile liquids like
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00141-00036985-00037206 many organic compounds yet they contain
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00142-00037207-00037422 only carbon bonded to a transition metal
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00143-00037423-00037602 into oxygen and are often prepared
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00144-00037603-00037862 directly from metal and carbon monoxide
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00145-00037863-00038103 nickel carbonyl is frequently considered
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00146-00038104-00038369 to be organometallic although many
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00147-00038370-00038592 organometallic chemists employ a broad
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00148-00038593-00038787 definition in which any compound
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00149-00038788-00039018 containing a carbon metal covalent bond
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00150-00039019-00039225 is considered organometallic it is
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00151-00039226-00039411 debatable whether organometallic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00152-00039412-00039630 compounds form a subset of organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00153-00039631-00039888 compounds metal complexes with organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00154-00039889-00040239 ligands but no carbon metal bonds eg cuo
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00155-00040240-00040569 AC 2 are not considered organometallic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00156-00040570-00040728 instead they are classed as metal
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00157-00040729-00041010 organic likewise it is also unclear
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00158-00041011-00041232 whether metal organic compounds should
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00159-00041233-00041544 automatically be considered organic the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00160-00041545-00041744 relatively narrow definition of organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00161-00041745-00042039 compounds as those containing CH bonds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00162-00042040-00042267 excludes compounds that are historically
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00163-00042268-00042461 and practically considered organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00164-00042462-00042807 neither urea nor oxalic acid is organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00165-00042808-00043005 by this definition yet they were two key
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00166-00043006-00043272 compounds in the vitalism debate the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00167-00043273-00043559 IUPAC Blue Book on organic nomenclature
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00168-00043560-00043803 specifically mentions urea and oxalic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00169-00043804-00044166 acid other compounds lacking CH bonds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00170-00044167-00044328 but traditionally considered organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00171-00044329-00044649 include benzene hexa mis oxalic acid and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00172-00044650-00044976 carbon tetrachloride melodic acid which
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00173-00044977-00045234 contains no CH bonds is considered a
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00174-00045235-00045456 possible organic substance in Martian
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00175-00045457-00045786 soil terrestrially it and it's anhydride
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00176-00045787-00046032 maleic and hydrate are associated with
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00177-00046033-00046455 the mineral malai tall 2 c6c oo 6 1 6
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00178-00046456-00046836 h2o a slightly broader definition of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00179-00046837-00047064 organic compound includes all compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00180-00047065-00047301 bearing CH or CC bonds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00181-00047302-00047457 this would still
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00182-00047458-00047690 clewd urea moreover this definition
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00183-00047691-00047883 still leads to somewhat arbitrary
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00184-00047884-00048057 divisions in sets of carbon halogen
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00185-00048058-00048449 compounds for example cf4 and carbon
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00186-00048450-00048636 tetrachloride would be considered by
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00187-00048637-00049011 this rule to be inorganic whereas c f 3h
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00188-00049012-00049320 and chcl3 would be organic though these
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00189-00049321-00049514 compounds share many physical and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00190-00049515-00049771 chemical properties
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00191-00049772-00050130 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00192-00050131-00050698 topic classification
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00193-00050699-00050986 organic compounds may be classified in a
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00194-00050987-00051105 variety of ways
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00195-00051106-00051361 one major distinction is between natural
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00196-00051362-00051598 and synthetic compounds organic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00197-00051599-00051823 compounds can also be classified or
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00198-00051824-00052014 subdivided by the presence of hetero
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00199-00052015-00052341 atoms eg organometallic compounds which
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00200-00052342-00052557 feature bonds between carbon and a metal
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00201-00052558-00052776 and organophosphorus compounds which
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00202-00052777-00052960 feature bonds between carbon and a
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00203-00052961-00053280 phosphorus another distinction based on
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00204-00053282-00053454 the size of organic compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00205-00053455-00053667 distinguishes between small molecules
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00206-00053669-00053898 and polymers
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00207-00053899-00054234 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00208-00054235-00054792 topic natural compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00209-00054794-00055045 natural compounds refer to those that
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00210-00055046-00055240 are produced by plants or animals
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00211-00055241-00055489 many of these are still extracted from
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00212-00055490-00055675 natural sources because they would be
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00213-00055676-00055920 more expensive to produce artificially
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00214-00055921-00056185 examples include most sugars some
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00215-00056186-00056386 alkaloids and terpenoids certain
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00216-00056387-00056638 nutrients such as vitamin b12 and in
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00217-00056639-00056851 general those natural products with
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00218-00056852-00057103 larger stereo isometrically complicated
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00219-00057104-00057283 molecules present in reasonable
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00220-00057284-00057510 concentrations in living organisms
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00221-00057511-00057796 further compounds of prime importance in
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00222-00057797-00058063 biochemistry are antigens carbohydrates
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00223-00058064-00058380 enzymes hormones lipids and fatty acids
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00224-00058382-00058633 neurotransmitters nucleic acids proteins
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00225-00058634-00058915 peptides and amino acids lectins
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00226-00058916-00059260 vitamins and fats and oils
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00227-00059261-00059601 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00228-00059602-00060179 topic synthetic compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00229-00060180-00060403 compounds that are prepared by reaction
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00230-00060404-00060579 of other compounds are known as
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00231-00060580-00060900 synthetic they may be either compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00232-00060901-00061078 that already are found in plants or
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00233-00061079-00061251 animals or those that do not occur
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00234-00061252-00061609 naturally most polymers a category that
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00235-00061610-00061809 includes all plastics and rubbers are
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00236-00061810-00062010 organic synthetic or semi synthetic
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00237-00062011-00062263 compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00238-00062264-00062597 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00239-00062598-00063142 topic biotechnology
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00240-00063144-00063481 many organic compounds two examples are
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00241-00063482-00063740 ethanol and insulin are manufactured
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00242-00063741-00063937 industrially using organisms such as
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00243-00063938-00064294 bacteria and yeast typically the DNA of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00244-00064295-00064474 an organism is altered to express
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00245-00064475-00064693 compounds not ordinarily produced by the
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00246-00064694-00064993 organism many such biotechnology
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00247-00064994-00065204 engineered compounds did not previously
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00248-00065204-00065446 exist in nature
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00249-00065447-00065807 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00250-00065808-00066346 topic databases
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00251-00066347-00066583 the CAS database is the most
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00252-00066584-00066805 comprehensive repository for data on
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00253-00066806-00067090 organic compounds the search tool
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00254-00067091-00067384 sciFinder is offered the bail stein
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00255-00067385-00067612 database contains information on nine
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00256-00067613-00067837 point eight million substances covers
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00257-00067838-00068143 the scientific literature from 1771 to
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00258-00068144-00068344 the present and is today accessible via
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00259-00068345-00068605 react sees structures in a large
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00260-00068606-00068779 diversity of physical and chemical
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00261-00068780-00068974 properties is available for each
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00262-00068975-00069163 substance with reference to original
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00263-00069164-00069466 literature pubchem contains eighteen
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00264-00069467-00069706 point four million entries on compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00265-00069707-00069877 and especially covers the field of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00266-00069878-00070072 medicinal chemistry a great number of
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00267-00070073-00070315 more specialized databases exist for
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00268-00070316-00070679 diverse branches of organic chemistry
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00269-00070680-00071042 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00270-00071043-00071631 topic structured determination
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00271-00071632-00071924 the main tools are proton in carbon 13
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00272-00071925-00072251 NMR spectroscopy IR spectroscopy mass
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00273-00072252-00072537 spectrometry UV vis spectroscopy and
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00274-00072538-00072819 x-ray crystallography
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00275-00072820-00073182 you
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00276-00073183-00073717 topic see also
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00277-00073718-00074086 in organic compounds list of chemical
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00278-00074087-00074511 compounds list of organic compounds
+rxLGncbJfZ0-00279-00074512-00074875 organometallic compounds
+rxOQFbr9sQ0-00000-00000407-00000587 [Applause]
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+rxOQFbr9sQ0-00010-00009475-00009585 [Applause]
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+rxOQFbr9sQ0-00012-00010484-00010829 take me
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+rxOQFbr9sQ0-00026-00027219-00029560 [Music]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00000-00000010-00000267 [Laughter]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00001-00000268-00000644 [Music]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00002-00000645-00001087 [Laughter]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00003-00001088-00001562 thank you
+rzDhGWYJr78-00004-00001563-00004231 [Music]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00005-00004232-00004547 thank you
+rzDhGWYJr78-00006-00004548-00004820 foreign
+rzDhGWYJr78-00007-00004821-00007709 [Music]
+rzDhGWYJr78-00008-00007709-00008098 [Applause]
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+rzDhGWYJr78-00010-00008271-00011039 [Music]
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+rzDhGWYJr78-00012-00011711-00012058 foreign
+rzDhGWYJr78-00014-00015122-00015284 thank you
+rzDhGWYJr78-00015-00015285-00017386 [Music]
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00000-00000043-00000380 so we'll get started right away with
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00001-00000381-00000641 with my presentation I wanted to spend
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00002-00000642-00000970 just a little bit of time here giving an
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00003-00000971-00001343 introduction Magnus of of tile drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00004-00001344-00001634 and to kind of get everyone on the same
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00005-00001635-00002156 level playing field why drain in in many
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00006-00002157-00002392 parts of the United States and worldwide
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00007-00002393-00002774 particularly in the Upper Midwest of the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00008-00002775-00003115 US we have poorly drained soils and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00009-00003116-00003388 these poorly drained waterlogged soils
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00010-00003389-00003563 tend to be an impediment for crop
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00011-00003564-00003770 production so the purpose of the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00012-00003771-00004085 drainage then in agriculture is to
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00013-00004086-00004292 remove some of the excess water from the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00014-00004293-00004619 plant root zone and for those growing
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00015-00004620-00005072 plans now waterlogged soils can have a
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00016-00005073-00005384 number of detrimental impacts when we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00017-00005385-00005629 look at their effects on plant
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00018-00005630-00006056 production and one of them is a slow gas
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00019-00006057-00006177 exchange at the soil surface
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00020-00006178-00006439 particularly oxygen when the soil
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00021-00006440-00006646 profile might be deficient in oxygen
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00022-00006647-00006914 oxygen it creates problems for the plant
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00023-00006915-00007181 roots to be able to take water in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00024-00007181-00007417 nutrients also know that a very
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00025-00007418-00007645 important process nitrification can be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00026-00007647-00007895 inhibited and even prevented when we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00027-00007895-00008216 have waterlogged soils plant diseases
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00028-00008217-00008471 many fungal diseases of become more
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00029-00008472-00008657 prevalent when we have waterlogged or
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00030-00008658-00008867 very wet soil conditions for prolonged
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00031-00008868-00009119 periods of time we can also have
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00032-00009120-00009431 situations where particularly early in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00033-00009432-00009631 the season if plants are stressed by
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00034-00009632-00009899 very wet or waterlogged conditions that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00035-00009900-00010112 it can stunt the growth of the crop
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00036-00010113-00010396 roots and then if we have a situation
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00037-00010397-00010637 where later in the growing season it
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00038-00010638-00010939 becomes dry that we could have stunted
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00039-00010940-00011221 the growth of those roots and this could
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00040-00011222-00011516 be adding some drought stress perhaps
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00041-00011517-00011735 later in the growing season of course we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00042-00011736-00012017 know that wet soils tend to be more
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00043-00012018-00012287 prone to compaction when we have to be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00044-00012288-00012510 in the field doing field operations and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00045-00012511-00012802 so that can be a detriment we also know
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00046-00012803-00012977 that these soils take much longer to
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00047-00012978-00013297 warm up germination can be delayed
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00048-00013299-00013508 in some cases particularly in the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00049-00013509-00013784 western part of the country and the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00050-00013785-00014063 western part of the Corn Belt that poor
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00051-00014063-00014344 drainage waterlogged soils can result in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00052-00014346-00014594 the accumulation of soil near the soil
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00053-00014594-00015068 surface now some of the benefits that we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00054-00015069-00015359 can derive from drainage when we look
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00055-00015360-00015626 here does an actual diagram it's a
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00056-00015627-00016144 histogram of some real yielded data from
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00057-00016146-00016469 a particular field in southwestern
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00058-00016470-00016660 Minnesota where we were looking at corn
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00059-00016661-00016907 we've worked on this field over time
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00060-00016908-00017168 this is about a hundred acre field we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00061-00017169-00017486 looked at a period of no drainage and we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00062-00017487-00017753 were averaging our average yield was
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00063-00017754-00017975 somewhere around 150 bushels and you can
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00064-00017976-00018284 see there's a long tail on and really on
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00065-00018285-00018437 both sides of this where we had some
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00066-00018438-00018593 very low yields we had some higher
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00067-00018594-00018869 yields after the implementation of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00068-00018870-00019178 conventional drainage we shifted that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00069-00019179-00019418 whole histogram so we shifted the yield
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00070-00019419-00019652 over to the right which indicates that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00071-00019653-00019913 we improved yield in that field overall
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00072-00019914-00020189 by adding the drainage and and here you
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00073-00020190-00020345 can see our average yield moved up from
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00074-00020346-00020726 about 150 to 175 bushels so that's a
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00075-00020727-00021077 real result of of the benefit of having
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00076-00021078-00021304 drainage out there now we know that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00077-00021305-00021662 drainage can also reduce soil erosion it
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00078-00021663-00021974 can make our seed bed and planting dates
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00079-00021975-00022280 better and earlier in the season we can
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00080-00022281-00022451 have better plant growth yield and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00081-00022452-00022631 health out there and as I mentioned in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00082-00022632-00022835 the previous slide we can look at
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00083-00022836-00023090 reduced salinity under irrigated
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00084-00023091-00023609 conditions and drier conditions drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00085-00023610-00023810 is not certainly not all a panacea and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00086-00023811-00024020 of course many people if you're
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00087-00024021-00024179 listening to the news and watching the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00088-00024180-00024488 reports in the newspapers that you know
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00089-00024489-00024623 there are some drawbacks of drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00090-00024624-00024842 mainly nutrient losses from drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00091-00024843-00025112 systems nitrogen and phosphorous we also
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00092-00025113-00025369 can see some sediments and pesticides
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00093-00025370-00025667 types of things and this can affect not
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00094-00025668-00026026 only local water bodies but also
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00095-00026027-00026235 particularly those of us
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00096-00026236-00026358 that are part of the Mississippi River
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00097-00026358-00026664 Basin can affect water quality in the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00098-00026664-00026907 Gulf of Mexico so we have benefits of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00099-00026908-00027062 drainage but we also have to be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00100-00027063-00027255 cognizant of some of those drawbacks and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00101-00027256-00027654 how we can try to manage for agronomic
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00102-00027655-00028164 and environmental goals now this diagram
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00103-00028164-00028508 is a diagram of the United States and in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00104-00028509-00028877 this central area the the Upper Midwest
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00105-00028877-00029336 shows where the density of tile drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00106-00029337-00029624 is the greatest this comes from the last
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00107-00029625-00029976 agricultural census from 1992 so
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00108-00029977-00030201 everything in red is the highest
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00109-00030202-00030510 intensity of agricultural drainage so it
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00110-00030511-00030743 is highly focused and centralized in
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00111-00030744-00031055 that portion of the country it also
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00112-00031056-00031265 happens to be no coincidence that when
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00113-00031266-00031664 we look at the same map but looking at
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00114-00031665-00031943 plant-available water that the plant
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00115-00031944-00032289 available water is also highest in that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00116-00032289-00032760 same region of the country well we start
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00117-00032761-00032961 thinking about actually implementing
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00118-00032962-00033233 field drainage with subsurface tile
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00119-00033234-00033486 drainage we really have three types that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00120-00033487-00033810 that we think about primarily one is
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00121-00033811-00034020 surface drainage one is subsurface
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00122-00034021-00034301 drainage and the last one is managed to
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00123-00034302-00034530 drainage also known as control drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00124-00034531-00034745 I won't spend much time talking about
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00125-00034746-00034952 the third one because dr. Brown will be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00126-00034953-00035192 speaking about that quite a bit today
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00127-00035193-00035477 but the idea is is that when we're
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00128-00035478-00035771 draining with particularly subsurface
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00129-00035772-00035974 drainage we're really removing
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00130-00035975-00036221 gravitational water that's the water of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00131-00036222-00036486 interest so it's the water that's least
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00132-00036487-00036767 held tightly in the soil profile and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00133-00036768-00037029 when we use drainage systems either
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00134-00037030-00037271 surface or subsurface or controlled
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00135-00037272-00037482 managed drainage to get that water out
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00136-00037483-00037712 of the field it's the gravitational
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00137-00037713-00037961 water of that we're trying to affect and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00138-00037962-00038177 the amount of gravitational water as you
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00139-00038178-00038489 can kind of see on this diagram changes
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00140-00038490-00038762 when we change soil texture so these at
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00141-00038763-00038985 the left tend to be the sandy or coarser
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00142-00038986-00039263 lighter soils whereas these on the right
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00143-00039264-00039814 tend to be the heavier heavier soils
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00144-00039815-00040040 just a couple of slides here about
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00145-00040041-00040265 surface drainage it's not practiced
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00146-00040266-00040461 everywhere but surface drainage is
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00147-00040462-00040704 really removal of water that would
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00148-00040705-00040893 necessarily collect on the surface of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00149-00040894-00041136 the land this is usually done with
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00150-00041137-00041385 shallow infield ditches and oftentimes
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00151-00041386-00041733 land leveling or land forming so that we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00152-00041734-00042030 crown those fields and allow the water
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00153-00042031-00042287 to run off into those shallow field
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00154-00042288-00042668 and then out of the field itself
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00155-00042669-00042935 subsurface drainage on the other hand
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00156-00042936-00043187 you know we really can't see very well
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00157-00043188-00043430 after it's installed but the upper
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00158-00043431-00043661 figure here shows a diagram of a field
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00159-00043662-00043973 in southwestern Minnesota all of these
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00160-00043974-00044289 lines that you can see that are parallel
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00161-00044290-00044529 to one another across the field our
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00162-00044530-00044808 areas where subsurface tile drainage was
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00163-00044809-00045054 installed in that particular field this
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00164-00045055-00045207 field happens to have a 50-foot drain
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00165-00045208-00045501 spacing this area of the field was it
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00166-00045502-00045686 was not necessary to drain so the farmer
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00167-00045687-00045882 chose not to drain it and there you see
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00168-00045883-00046021 that there are no pipe in the ground
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00169-00046022-00046410 this is a little diagram of the area
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00170-00046411-00046662 where drainage would be underground so
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00171-00046663-00046833 we have these pipes that are spaced
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00172-00046834-00047112 apart and we have the water then
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00173-00047113-00047301 draining the the gravitational water
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00174-00047302-00047568 draining to those sites to improve the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00175-00047569-00048039 field condition again surface subsurface
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00176-00048040-00048293 drainage only removes that gravitational
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00177-00048294-00048657 water we remove that water using what we
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00178-00048658-00048851 call a drainage coefficient and that's
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00179-00048852-00049202 expressed in a depth per day so we may
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00180-00049203-00049436 think of a drainage coefficient as three
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00181-00049437-00049686 eighths of an inch of water in a day
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00182-00049687-00049848 that we would like to remove and the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00183-00049849-00050108 gravitational water these systems are
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00184-00050109-00050327 primarily designed in consideration
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00185-00050328-00050655 taken for crops soil types locations
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00186-00050656-00051261 topography and as dr. Brown will allude
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00187-00051262-00051521 to in his presentation we can manage the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00188-00051522-00051804 water in some cases up or down in these
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00189-00051804-00052118 in these fields and of course the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00190-00052119-00052289 drainage the subsurface drainage and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00191-00052290-00052515 surface drainage can affect the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00192-00052516-00052757 hydraulic hydrologic response of those
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00193-00052758-00052959 fields
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00194-00052960-00053237 now there are several different
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00195-00053238-00053385 considerations when thinking about
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00196-00053386-00053654 installing these drainage systems I've
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00197-00053655-00053801 highlighted three of them right here
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00198-00053802-00054104 again the drainage coefficient usually
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00199-00054105-00054305 in some kind of depth per day
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00200-00054306-00054528 three-eighths of an inch to half an inch
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00201-00054529-00054749 is fairly common we also think about
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00202-00054750-00055004 drain depth and drain spacing so how
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00203-00055005-00055215 deep and how wide a part of those those
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00204-00055216-00055422 drain pipes and then the diameters and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00205-00055423-00055757 the gradients this figure down below is
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00206-00055758-00056126 a slide-rule tool there's also a number
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00207-00056127-00056312 of institutions the University of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00208-00056313-00056541 Minnesota Iowa State and others that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00209-00056541-00056867 have electronic or digital tools that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00210-00056869-00057099 people can use to help make
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00211-00057100-00057378 determinations for their their drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00212-00057379-00057549 systems we also encourage you to visit
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00213-00057550-00057897 with contractors who can help with the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00214-00057898-00058062 installation of those drainage systems
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00215-00058063-00058454 appropriately the last slide here of
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00216-00058455-00058629 this introduction is is to really kind
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00217-00058629-00058890 of give people an idea of you know how
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00218-00058891-00059051 are these things designed out in the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00219-00059052-00059322 field there are a number of systems the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00220-00059323-00059492 first three here that we're looking at
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00221-00059493-00059932 the the top two and the bottom a really
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00222-00059933-00060368 geometrically rectangular or herringbone
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00223-00060369-00060581 in this case where we tend to be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00224-00060582-00060791 draining large parts of a field or whole
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00225-00060792-00061140 fields the random pattern of drainage
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00226-00061141-00061371 down here at the bottom reflects the
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00227-00061372-00061607 drainage of depressions or low areas
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00228-00061608-00061836 where someone might want to just
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00229-00061837-00062117 specifically drain a spot instead of a
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00230-00062118-00062392 whole entire field so I hope that that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00231-00062393-00062768 that introduction is going to be helpful
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00232-00062769-00062985 there are a number of resources that
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00233-00062986-00063179 you'll be able to look back to later
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00234-00063180-00063429 from some of the different institutions
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00235-00063429-00063704 where you can find more information and
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00236-00063705-00063909 and that will certainly hopefully be
+rzTVtTpaRfQ-00237-00063910-00064226 helpful for everyone
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00000-00000163-00001170 [Music]
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00001-00001171-00001866 thank you
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00002-00001867-00004381 [Music]
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00003-00004382-00004516 thank you
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00005-00007718-00007973 thank you
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00006-00007973-00008724 foreign
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00008-00012157-00012846 thank you
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00009-00012847-00015103 [Music]
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00010-00015104-00015382 thank you foreign
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00011-00015383-00017929 [Music]
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00012-00017930-00018220 thank you
+rE4T3Tqyt_A-00013-00018221-00018538 [Music]
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00000-00000016-00000318 thank you jen um and thank you everybody
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00001-00000319-00000511 for joining us for this meeting it has
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00002-00000512-00000686 been an amazing couple of hours with
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00003-00000687-00000782 amazing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00004-00000783-00001079 uh presentations shared and discussions
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00005-00001080-00001111 so
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00006-00001112-00001303 uh to kick us off we have three
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00007-00001304-00001431 lightening talks
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00008-00001432-00001775 uh we have one from suruchi on
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00009-00001776-00002223 on products um so i just
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00010-00002224-00002439 yes focus on product management and then
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00011-00002440-00002558 we have another one from
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00012-00002559-00002831 ellen uh which will be focused on uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00013-00002832-00002910 women
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00014-00002911-00003095 and then the last one is from myself
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00015-00003096-00003222 which will be focused on
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00016-00003223-00003647 uh open mysqa and without further ado
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00017-00003647-00003919 we'll be kicking it off with suruchi
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00018-00003920-00004079 she's already shared with her video
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00019-00004079-00004183 which i'll just
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00020-00004184-00004486 go ahead and present on the screen
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00021-00004487-00004735 and then um and then you can be getting
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00022-00004736-00004806 ready
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00023-00004807-00005183 and then we'll follow so
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00024-00005184-00005686 let me go ahead and do that
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00025-00005687-00005902 okay i'm sorry make sure i share the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00026-00005903-00006575 sound
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00027-00006576-00007878 all right
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00028-00007879-00008207 hello i'm sure and i'm going to talk
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00029-00008208-00008463 about product management
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00030-00008464-00008807 can everybody hear the audio is audio
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00031-00008808-00008983 clear
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00032-00008984-00009335 yes you can hear it
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00033-00009336-00009606 great so what is product management
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00034-00009607-00009806 product management is an organizational
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00035-00009807-00010006 function that guides average tape of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00036-00010007-00010119 products lifecycle
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00037-00010120-00010327 from development to positioning and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00038-00010328-00010535 pricing by focusing on the product and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00039-00010536-00010774 its customer first and foremost
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00040-00010775-00010951 to build the best possible product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00041-00010952-00011159 product managers advocate for customers
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00042-00011160-00011310 within the organization
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00043-00011311-00011510 and make sure the voice of the market is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00044-00011511-00011703 hard and heated
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00045-00011704-00011951 so what is product management process
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00046-00011952-00012031 about
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00047-00012032-00012335 actually it consists of 3d discovery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00048-00012336-00012638 development and delivery in discovery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00049-00012639-00012863 phase product manager advocate for
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00050-00012863-00013071 what are we building and why what should
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00051-00013072-00013199 this new product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00052-00013200-00013566 achieve and how do we measure success
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00053-00013568-00013727 product manager is involved in road
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00054-00013728-00013927 mapping prioritization and development
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00055-00013928-00014007 fail
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00056-00014008-00014279 and in delivery in kiwi relays and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00057-00014280-00014399 marketing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00058-00014400-00014630 but the product management and project
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00059-00014631-00014711 management
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00060-00014712-00014958 are often used for the same work and the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00061-00014959-00015030 same role
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00062-00015031-00015271 but they are quite different so what is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00063-00015272-00015375 it all about
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00064-00015376-00015671 a product manager's role as a statistic
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00065-00015672-00015879 much like a ceo of the product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00066-00015880-00016111 but a project manager's role is more
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00067-00016112-00016207 tactical
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00068-00016208-00016447 and primarily focus on the execution
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00069-00016448-00016711 side product managers tend to need to be
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00070-00016712-00016767 a good
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00071-00016768-00017071 project manager product manager
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00072-00017072-00017327 and project manager skills are often
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00073-00017328-00017407 overlapped
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00074-00017408-00017655 but product managers need to need a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00075-00017656-00017839 strong project management skill within
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00076-00017840-00017943 their approach like
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00077-00017944-00018167 leadership time management and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00078-00018168-00018286 communication
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00079-00018287-00018486 product manager actually breakdowns
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00080-00018487-00018686 initiatives into tasks
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00081-00018687-00018975 in addition to that product manager make
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00082-00018976-00019143 research identify problem and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00083-00019144-00019279 opportunities and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00084-00019280-00019535 clearly understand need product manager
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00085-00019536-00019647 also plan
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00086-00019648-00019863 project timeline and communicate project
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00087-00019864-00020055 progress with a stakeholder
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00088-00020056-00020303 in addition to that product manager said
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00089-00020304-00020494 product vision communicate and validate
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00090-00020495-00020671 reason with the stakeholder
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00091-00020672-00020958 in summary project manager deal with how
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00092-00020959-00021343 and when
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00093-00021344-00021655 what and why but
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00094-00021656-00021894 product leadership is hard things a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00095-00021895-00022063 director of products would be insuring
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00096-00022064-00022303 for an empowered product organization is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00097-00022304-00022511 to make vision a reality
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00098-00022512-00022743 so director of product is involved in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00099-00022744-00022919 product vision team topology
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00100-00022920-00023191 product strategy team objective product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00101-00023192-00023271 discovery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00102-00023272-00023591 and product delivery product management
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00103-00023592-00023767 and openmrs
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00104-00023768-00023991 in openmrs product manager not only
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00105-00023992-00024094 launch product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00106-00024095-00024319 but also think about what the success
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00107-00024320-00024439 metric should be
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00108-00024440-00024655 then use the result to iterate on new
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00109-00024656-00024775 version of the product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00110-00024776-00025007 you design with customer rather than for
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00111-00025008-00025111 customer
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00112-00025112-00025358 we believe customers may not know what
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00113-00025359-00025414 they want
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00114-00025415-00025678 until we're slowing so we make our
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00115-00025679-00025831 one-on-one with user
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00116-00025832-00026039 feedback oriented and we often have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00117-00026039-00026214 separate one-on-one session with users
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00118-00026216-00026374 to address their issues and make them
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00119-00026375-00026655 feel we are actually working for them
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00120-00026656-00026918 we involve engineers and roadmap in user
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00121-00026919-00026990 storage
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00122-00026991-00027214 meeting and use engineers idea while
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00123-00027216-00027407 addressing user requirement
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00124-00027408-00027551 we use roadmap as a tool of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00125-00027552-00027774 communication
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00126-00027775-00028087 as an example of how we use roadmap as a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00127-00028088-00028279 tool of communication earlier we used to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00128-00028280-00028439 have a detailed roadmap
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00129-00028439-00028751 of different bullet points
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00130-00028752-00029070 explaining what is in our now design and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00131-00029072-00029183 future cycle
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00132-00029183-00029511 but now we use visuals for our maps
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00133-00029512-00029783 showing what are we realizing now what
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00134-00029783-00029927 are in our design cycle
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00135-00029927-00030143 and what we are considering for future
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00136-00030144-00030335 and this has really helped us
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00137-00030336-00030590 to connect with our implementers as a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00138-00030591-00030855 tool of communication
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00139-00030856-00031070 in openmrs we have different product
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00140-00031072-00031295 management level
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00141-00031295-00031662 from level 1 to level 5.
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00142-00031663-00031911 pm in different levels should have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00143-00031912-00031967 different
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00144-00031968-00032255 skills in communication discovery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00145-00032256-00032558 development and delivery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00146-00032560-00032902 for example pm in level 1 should have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00147-00032903-00033095 communication skill
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00148-00033096-00033559 within the team but a pm in level 3
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00149-00033560-00033718 should be able to communicate with the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00150-00033719-00033935 stakeholders keep users and stakeholders
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00151-00033936-00034031 up to date
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00152-00034032-00034407 outside the open mrs as well
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00153-00034408-00034718 in addition pm in level one can support
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00154-00034719-00034807 with the manual
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00155-00034808-00035127 testing and support in relays not
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00156-00035128-00035431 but a pm in level 3 should communicate
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00157-00035432-00035551 with the team about
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00158-00035552-00035774 qa plan overall product acceptance
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00159-00035775-00035967 testing and identifies
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00160-00035968-00036462 some of the automation opportunities
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00161-00036463-00036646 further if you have any questions
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00162-00036647-00036823 regarding pm labels
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00163-00036824-00036974 product management and project
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00164-00036975-00037183 management please reach out to me
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00165-00037184-00037407 or director of the product address thank
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00166-00037408-00037431 you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00167-00037432-00037879 [Music]
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00168-00037880-00038183 um so um that was uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00169-00038184-00038430 a lightning talk from suruchi thank you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00170-00038431-00038567 so much for
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00171-00038568-00038879 sharing that without further ado
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00172-00038880-00039046 if you have any questions just please
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00173-00039047-00039287 post them on the chat window and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00174-00039288-00039543 the respective members will see while i
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00175-00039544-00040683 do we can then go to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00176-00040684-00041230 then
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00177-00041231-00042087 ellen if you are speaking your own mutes
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00178-00042088-00042662 um i'm going to unmute you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00179-00042663-00042983 thank you okay can you hear me now
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00180-00042984-00043335 yes i'm sorry sorry
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00181-00043336-00043735 i am going to start at the beginning
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00182-00043736-00044071 my apologies um
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00183-00044072-00044351 we're we've been doing work partners in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00184-00044352-00044446 health for
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00185-00044447-00044807 the past 30 plus years in haiti
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00186-00044808-00045111 um our hearts go out to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00187-00045112-00045462 the situation in haiti and many places
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00188-00045463-00045807 around the world where you work um
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00189-00045808-00046118 and live because we know that there's
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00190-00046119-00046455 all sorts of challenges but i do wanna
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00191-00046456-00046727 to think about our colleagues in haiti
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00192-00046728-00046999 especially in the past couple of weeks
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00193-00047000-00047374 um and what partners in health has been
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00194-00047375-00047495 doing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00195-00047496-00047862 uh most recently is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00196-00047863-00048262 were providing a great
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00197-00048263-00048535 impact around the world in the 11
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00198-00048536-00048839 countries that we work
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00199-00048840-00049223 and these include 58 000
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00200-00049224-00049655 um facility-based deliveries around the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00201-00049656-00049790 world
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00202-00049791-00050143 and um all sorts of other things
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00203-00050144-00050439 including prenatal care and the number
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00204-00050440-00050630 of women
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00205-00050631-00050967 starting family planning each year
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00206-00050968-00051342 specifically in haiti which
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00207-00051344-00051646 partners in health works in and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00208-00051647-00052119 provides health care for more than
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00209-00052120-00052454 a million people uh we also
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00210-00052455-00052887 employ over 6 000 staff and have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00211-00052888-00053247 um more than 2 000 community health
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00212-00053248-00053342 workers
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00213-00053344-00053679 so that gives a context of the extent of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00214-00053679-00053726 the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00215-00053727-00054079 of the work and i'd like to highlight
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00216-00054079-00054254 the fact that
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00217-00054255-00054742 there's a many innovative projects
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00218-00054744-00055019 including this latest one called
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00219-00055020-00055182 journey29 plus
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00220-00055183-00055559 program where 95 of the women
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00221-00055560-00055894 in this program uh have facility-based
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00222-00055895-00056094 deliveries and that's at mirblai
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00223-00056095-00056215 hospital
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00224-00056216-00056575 the national number is 56 thousand
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00225-00056576-00056942 it's 50 sorry 36
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00226-00056944-00057366 um and to give you an idea over these
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00227-00057367-00057703 um five years that we've recorded
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00228-00057704-00058063 that's at in haiti that's a lot of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00229-00058064-00058415 prenatal and postnatal visits
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00230-00058416-00058775 and uh our timeline is that
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00231-00058776-00059238 we started deploying we deployed the pih
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00232-00059239-00059342 emr
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00233-00059344-00059687 which was the reference application uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00234-00059688-00060071 in haiti in 2013. it's great to see all
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00235-00060072-00060199 the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00236-00060200-00060438 great progress since that point now
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00237-00060439-00060582 we're talking about the next
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00238-00060583-00060975 generation of of user experience
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00239-00060976-00061203 but we've layered in all sorts of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00240-00061204-00061382 capabilities
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00241-00061383-00061654 from what we provided initially and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00242-00061655-00061759 always
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00243-00061760-00062159 rolling back into the community in 2019
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00244-00062160-00062487 we provided this journey 9 j9
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00245-00062488-00062863 for prenatal and delivery where we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00246-00062864-00063082 only collected a small amount of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00247-00063083-00063335 information
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00248-00063336-00063663 but now in 2021 were
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00249-00063664-00063999 the point is that we can provide
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00250-00064000-00064503 paperless point-of-care
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00251-00064504-00064854 ob gyn visits that include a whole
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00252-00064855-00065087 variety of women's health features not
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00253-00065088-00065326 just prenatal and delivery
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00254-00065327-00065663 but this whole variety of things
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00255-00065664-00066047 um and that's built upon
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00256-00066048-00066231 many things that the community has
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00257-00066232-00066391 provided
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00258-00066392-00066775 um and these are the kinds of encounters
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00259-00066776-00067055 that you would see at women's health
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00260-00067056-00067519 um the ob gyn form this is a visit
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00261-00067520-00067894 page so you can see a template
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00262-00067895-00068199 so these are made up of multiple html
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00263-00068200-00068599 forms that have a close
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00264-00068600-00068903 follow with what the woman is um
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00265-00068904-00069111 what the process is while the woman is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00266-00069112-00069247 visiting
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00267-00069248-00069503 and the forms it's themselves that are
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00268-00069504-00069567 built
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00269-00069568-00069887 uh from html forms
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00270-00069888-00070206 um features include the following things
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00271-00070207-00070471 important things like dispensing lab and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00272-00070472-00070759 program enrollment and relationships
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00273-00070760-00071015 and these are the kinds of things uh we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00274-00071016-00071111 want to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00275-00071112-00071391 include in the future for women's health
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00276-00071392-00071455 uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00277-00071456-00071759 one last point i provided those slides
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00278-00071760-00071862 at the beginning
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00279-00071863-00072119 to show how much work is going on on the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00280-00072120-00072191 ground
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00281-00072192-00072431 on behalf of our patients and care and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00282-00072432-00072535 treatment
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00283-00072536-00072823 but the whole goal to round it back up
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00284-00072824-00072882 to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00285-00072883-00073215 emr is to try to make
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00286-00073216-00073567 our patient care and our staff health
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00287-00073568-00073655 better
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00288-00073656-00074006 by providing an easy to use
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00289-00074007-00074343 system where information doesn't have to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00290-00074344-00074511 be tallied manually
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00291-00074512-00075682 and take up a large amount of time thank
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00292-00075683-00075926 you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00293-00075927-00076223 yes um sorry thank you for that um ln
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00294-00076224-00076431 and perfectly within time
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00295-00076432-00076735 um next is myself
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00296-00076736-00078482 so go ahead and share my screen
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00297-00078483-00078903 okay
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00298-00078904-00080038 breathe it right and put on the tiger
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00299-00080039-00080399 all right um so i'll be talking about uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00300-00080400-00080743 openmrs qa test processes with a special
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00301-00080744-00080926 focus on automation
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00302-00080927-00081111 and also just keep in reminding people
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00303-00081112-00081359 that um for quality assurance we should
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00304-00081360-00081519 always think about it from the beginning
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00305-00081520-00081679 and not towards the end
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00306-00081680-00081991 and so to start us off is this is where
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00307-00081992-00082143 we started from
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00308-00082144-00082359 so as part of last year when we were
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00309-00082360-00082487 trying to do a release when we were
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00310-00082488-00082582 trying to do
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00311-00082583-00082823 um a release uh we were working with
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00312-00082824-00083031 spreadsheets for manual testing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00313-00083032-00083271 uh and rabbi we had volunteers come in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00314-00083272-00083471 on board helping us test and manually
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00315-00083472-00083526 log
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00316-00083527-00083815 their results where we are at as per the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00317-00083816-00083871 moment
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00318-00083872-00084199 as this year is we currently
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00319-00084200-00084455 now have um a qa dashboard that's
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00320-00084456-00084647 currently available on github
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00321-00084648-00084871 and whereby you're able to see in a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00322-00084872-00084967 snapshot
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00323-00084968-00085238 uh what's the current status of uh some
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00324-00085239-00085367 of our key products
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00325-00085368-00085615 so we have the platform which is what
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00326-00085616-00085726 you can see
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00327-00085727-00085903 on the screen here and then you also
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00328-00085904-00086047 have the reference application
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00329-00086048-00086206 in addition if you scroll down when you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00330-00086207-00086359 go into the page which will share the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00331-00086360-00086399 link
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00332-00086400-00086543 you'll also see we've already started
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00333-00086544-00086815 adding uh possible links for three-point
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00334-00086816-00087150 uh reference application 3.x
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00335-00087151-00087350 and of course what you get to see here
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00336-00087351-00087567 is um yes this just shows you a summary
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00337-00087568-00087711 but when you click on them
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00338-00087712-00087967 you're able to get additional sorry
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00339-00087968-00088087 information
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00340-00088088-00088271 including like what tests have been run
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00341-00088272-00088415 what are successful
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00342-00088416-00088743 uh which is what you're seeing on the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00343-00088744-00089006 left side of the screen um yeah this is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00344-00089007-00089215 a cucumber report and this is a bamboo
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00345-00089216-00089359 ci report
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00346-00089360-00089647 and how have we been able to do this so
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00347-00089648-00089782 just to quickly yeah just to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00348-00089783-00089967 quickly take you through our process is
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00349-00089968-00090094 that um
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00350-00090095-00090415 through with the support of our qa
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00351-00090416-00090567 engineering team and of course
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00352-00090568-00090815 other members and volunteers uh we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00353-00090816-00091006 started off with the process of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00354-00091007-00091206 of course uh drafting out uh the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00355-00091207-00091335 requirements
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00356-00091336-00091623 then we added them onto a jira board uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00357-00091624-00091799 which in form of tickets in which
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00358-00091800-00092118 uh qa qa engineers fellows
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00359-00092119-00092294 and of course volunteers would then take
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00360-00092295-00092559 them up uh write up the syntax
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00361-00092560-00092718 of course the and of course the feature
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00362-00092719-00092903 files and then using
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00363-00092904-00093118 um depending on type of test that
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00364-00093119-00093262 they're working on in which in this case
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00365-00093263-00093447 we've been focusing on two
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00366-00093448-00093631 uh we've been having resurrection we've
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00367-00093632-00093799 been resurrecting some of the previous
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00368-00093800-00093894 tests have been there
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00369-00093895-00094174 and so that has been done using selenium
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00370-00094175-00094255 and of course
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00371-00094256-00094455 um in anything that has to do with the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00372-00094456-00094615 reference up to point x
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00373-00094616-00094838 uh every of the automation has been done
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00374-00094839-00094918 with selenium
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00375-00094919-00095079 and of course we have another work which
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00376-00095080-00095215 is being done with cyprus which i'll
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00377-00095216-00095311 talk about
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00378-00095312-00095494 and then after we have the test
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00379-00095495-00095679 automated we have them running
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00380-00095680-00095903 and you're able to see the results in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00381-00095904-00096087 the possible ways that you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00382-00096088-00096318 are listed which is bamboo cucumber
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00383-00096319-00096462 button of course the summary that you're
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00384-00096463-00096623 seeing on github
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00385-00096624-00096823 now for us we've gotten here it has been
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00386-00096824-00097055 quite a journey which i would like to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00387-00097056-00097247 walk us through in which we started with
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00388-00097248-00097382 the team being formed in the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00389-00097383-00097687 last quarter of 2019 then we did what we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00390-00097688-00097750 called
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00391-00097751-00097926 landscape analysis on the tools of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00392-00097927-00098055 technologies
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00393-00098056-00098255 then we went to uh prototype and proof
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00394-00098256-00098391 of concept
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00395-00098392-00098638 then we went to expansion after doing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00396-00098639-00098806 the proof of concept we went into
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00397-00098807-00099055 expansion and a lot of documentation
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00398-00099056-00099391 and then as we got into quarter four we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00399-00099392-00099559 started have uh we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00400-00099560-00099759 was a focus on getting on fellows and
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00401-00099760-00099911 volunteers
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00402-00099912-00100167 um as the beginning of the year we had a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00403-00100168-00100215 lot of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00404-00100216-00100415 mentorship happening being led by a qa
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00405-00100416-00100574 engineer and of course other
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00406-00100575-00100782 members coming in just getting on board
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00407-00100783-00101047 on how to write automated tests
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00408-00101048-00101262 and of course with the focus of whereby
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00409-00101263-00101438 we've um
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00410-00101439-00101711 done quite a number of test automation
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00411-00101712-00101943 where we can currently say in terms of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00412-00101944-00102238 our coverage um given with the test we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00413-00102239-00102430 are we are currently we can save at 80
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00414-00102431-00102551 percent
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00415-00102552-00102710 uh moving forward for the reference
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00416-00102711-00102990 application um to point x
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00417-00102991-00103230 and just to add is that um it's not just
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00418-00103231-00103366 we have just not been working on
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00419-00103367-00103510 resurrecting the tests that were there
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00420-00103511-00103566 before
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00421-00103567-00103751 we've also worked on some of what we
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00422-00103752-00103999 called workflow based testing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00423-00104000-00104310 grace had shown some of this area
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00424-00104311-00104575 like for example a clinical workflow
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00425-00104576-00104758 registration and such patient which are
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00426-00104759-00104999 supposed to easily help you identify
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00427-00105000-00105223 um what are some of the areas breaking
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00428-00105224-00105358 in a nutshell then also
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00429-00105359-00105543 just easing out the process of testing
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00430-00105544-00105886 when it comes to a release
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00431-00105888-00106110 so beyond that we still do have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00432-00106111-00106254 additional works that are currently in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00433-00106255-00106447 progress the focus has not just been on
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00434-00106448-00106566 the reference
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00435-00106567-00106895 application uh to point x we do have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00436-00106896-00107102 uh work happening in terms of auto
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00437-00107103-00107223 meetings as for the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00438-00107224-00107423 open mys3 point x and in this we are
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00439-00107424-00107607 having jay sanka
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00440-00107608-00107863 who is working on that and already has a
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00441-00107864-00107999 few tests which have not yet been
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00442-00108000-00108190 committed but it can already be seen on
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00443-00108191-00108247 a git
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00444-00108248-00108551 in the github repo we also have uh
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00445-00108552-00108695 work that is also happening within the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00446-00108696-00108863 dictionary management squad
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00447-00108864-00109007 in which we are having members like
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00448-00109008-00109175 julia and hadija
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00449-00109176-00109502 who have uh focusing on cyprus
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00450-00109503-00109702 as a tool of automation of course with
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00451-00109703-00109863 cucumbers the base
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00452-00109864-00110239 um so for both the open mrs 3.x and that
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00453-00110240-00110327 we still have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00454-00110328-00110807 that and time is up the lastly we have
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00455-00110808-00111063 interprobability testing and of course
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00456-00111064-00111190 security
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00457-00111191-00111375 and with that i would like to say thank
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00458-00111376-00111990 you and a special thanks to our team
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00459-00111991-00112223 thank you christine that was a really
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00460-00112224-00112343 nice synopsis of
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00461-00112344-00112534 all of the different work the qa support
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00462-00112535-00112743 team has been getting involved in
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00463-00112744-00113023 um it's it's really exciting to see you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00464-00113024-00113175 lay out the journey like that i don't
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00465-00113176-00113271 know that i've seen it
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00466-00113272-00113607 been done like that before so thank you
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00467-00113608-00113919 and and thank you to to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00468-00113920-00114158 all of our lightning talk presenters
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00469-00114159-00114358 from sirucci to ellen to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00470-00114359-00114743 christine um if people are inspired to
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00471-00114744-00114910 do a lightning talk
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00472-00114911-00115239 we still have tomorrow we have open
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00473-00115240-00115439 lightning talk slots
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00474-00115440-00115631 and i think too if there are
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00475-00115632-00115799 implementers here today
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00476-00115800-00116134 who want to share their work we do also
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00477-00116135-00116190 have some
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00478-00116191-00116495 implementations showcase slots available
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00479-00116496-00116886 um in in tomorrow's sec um schedule
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00480-00116888-00117110 so please contact christina myself if
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00481-00117111-00117247 you are interested
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00482-00117248-00117519 in getting five to ten minutes on the
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00483-00117520-00117623 schedule
+rEgNBCW_ZrU-00484-00117624-00117983 we'll make it work
+rFK97AmoWyA-00000-00000016-00000199 when you're dealing with samples on a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00001-00000200-00000503 daily basis you will at some point
+rFK97AmoWyA-00002-00000504-00000655 inevitably
+rFK97AmoWyA-00003-00000656-00000799 uh have some
+rFK97AmoWyA-00004-00000800-00001087 kind of samples you've never seen before
+rFK97AmoWyA-00005-00001088-00001311 and that are so rare that no one has
+rFK97AmoWyA-00006-00001312-00001407 ever
+rFK97AmoWyA-00007-00001408-00001702 you know put the work in writing and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00008-00001703-00001942 extractor unpacker whatever
+rFK97AmoWyA-00009-00001943-00002126 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00010-00002127-00002207 one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00011-00002208-00002518 like certain type of that is like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00012-00002519-00002863 launches wrappers installers converters
+rFK97AmoWyA-00013-00002864-00003079 that create pe files out of something
+rFK97AmoWyA-00014-00003080-00003191 else
+rFK97AmoWyA-00015-00003192-00003422 that use some kind of options where you
+rFK97AmoWyA-00016-00003423-00003647 need to extract those and you don't know
+rFK97AmoWyA-00017-00003647-00003775 how
+rFK97AmoWyA-00018-00003776-00004111 here is one way you could approach this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00019-00004112-00004231 based on
+rFK97AmoWyA-00020-00004232-00004591 something i did for a customer sample so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00021-00004592-00004799 uh in this case exit for j
+rFK97AmoWyA-00022-00004800-00004978 so let's check it out
+rFK97AmoWyA-00023-00004979-00005518 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00024-00005519-00005759 all right so one of the things
+rFK97AmoWyA-00025-00005760-00006095 that's rarely talked about in any
+rFK97AmoWyA-00026-00006096-00006334 meta-analysis tutorials it's like often
+rFK97AmoWyA-00027-00006335-00006527 you're not analyzing malware you're
+rFK97AmoWyA-00028-00006528-00006791 actually getting files from customers
+rFK97AmoWyA-00029-00006792-00006967 and they want to know if
+rFK97AmoWyA-00030-00006968-00007270 the file is malicious or something else
+rFK97AmoWyA-00031-00007272-00007446 and something
+rFK97AmoWyA-00032-00007447-00007783 sometimes the files they send in are not
+rFK97AmoWyA-00033-00007784-00007967 complete and cannot run
+rFK97AmoWyA-00034-00007968-00008199 so how do you obtain
+rFK97AmoWyA-00035-00008200-00008439 information as much as possible
+rFK97AmoWyA-00036-00008440-00008591 information
+rFK97AmoWyA-00037-00008592-00008887 so you can tell the customer
+rFK97AmoWyA-00038-00008888-00008991 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00039-00008992-00009391 what else you need from them
+rFK97AmoWyA-00040-00009392-00009623 like this is the case with this sample
+rFK97AmoWyA-00041-00009624-00009863 here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00042-00009864-00010087 this is not a customer sample just to be
+rFK97AmoWyA-00043-00010088-00010174 sure
+rFK97AmoWyA-00044-00010175-00010303 i just
+rFK97AmoWyA-00045-00010304-00010510 i just searched a similar one on
+rFK97AmoWyA-00046-00010511-00010687 virustotal because the files on various
+rFK97AmoWyA-00047-00010688-00010887 total are public anyway
+rFK97AmoWyA-00048-00010888-00011038 so yeah but
+rFK97AmoWyA-00049-00011039-00011263 let's assume this is a customer file i
+rFK97AmoWyA-00050-00011264-00011359 got
+rFK97AmoWyA-00051-00011360-00011559 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00052-00011560-00011774 when i execute this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00053-00011775-00012110 it tells me oh no the java vm could not
+rFK97AmoWyA-00054-00012111-00012287 be found on your system
+rFK97AmoWyA-00055-00012288-00012519 and here i looked
+rFK97AmoWyA-00056-00012520-00012774 at this environment variable called
+rFK97AmoWyA-00057-00012775-00013038 exo4j java home
+rFK97AmoWyA-00058-00013039-00013551 if you search for xf 4j it's a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00059-00013552-00013751 well i did that and i installed the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00060-00013752-00014030 program so it's kind of a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00061-00014031-00014135 wizard
+rFK97AmoWyA-00062-00014136-00014311 for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00063-00014312-00014551 um creating
+rFK97AmoWyA-00064-00014552-00014983 exif pe files out of java applications
+rFK97AmoWyA-00065-00014984-00015094 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00066-00015095-00015447 okay of course the first thing i did to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00067-00015447-00015783 potentially solve this problem is i
+rFK97AmoWyA-00068-00015784-00016143 defined in a path variable called exo4j
+rFK97AmoWyA-00069-00016144-00016430 java home
+rFK97AmoWyA-00070-00016431-00016763 environment variable and i put the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00071-00016764-00017127 jre the java runtime environment into
+rFK97AmoWyA-00072-00017128-00017463 the path i put it into the exo4j java
+rFK97AmoWyA-00073-00017464-00017583 home
+rFK97AmoWyA-00074-00017584-00017799 i put it into java home
+rFK97AmoWyA-00075-00017800-00017943 i
+rFK97AmoWyA-00076-00017944-00018214 installed several versions of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00077-00018215-00018503 the java runtime and still the file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00078-00018504-00018703 would not run and as it turns out this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00079-00018704-00018991 is actually a misleading error message
+rFK97AmoWyA-00080-00018992-00019103 this file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00081-00019104-00019447 as it is right now um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00082-00019448-00019855 cannot run so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00083-00019856-00020055 yeah
+rFK97AmoWyA-00084-00020056-00020375 exo4j is uh actually something you would
+rFK97AmoWyA-00085-00020376-00020599 have to buy but
+rFK97AmoWyA-00086-00020600-00020935 um you can um get a test version of that
+rFK97AmoWyA-00087-00020936-00021311 and this tremendously helped here in
+rFK97AmoWyA-00088-00021312-00021511 you know getting to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00089-00021512-00021743 getting to know more about this file if
+rFK97AmoWyA-00090-00021744-00022119 you check this wizard for creating the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00091-00022120-00022478 um pe file out of a jar
+rFK97AmoWyA-00092-00022479-00022743 you will see one thing there's like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00093-00022744-00022903 project type
+rFK97AmoWyA-00094-00022904-00023127 and there's a regular mode and there's a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00095-00023128-00023430 jar in ex mode so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00096-00023431-00023639 basically what you can do is you can
+rFK97AmoWyA-00097-00023640-00023830 create a launcher
+rFK97AmoWyA-00098-00023831-00024103 that does not have an embedded jar it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00099-00024104-00024375 just points to a jar file that's like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00100-00024376-00024527 outside of it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00101-00024528-00024855 um and if that that's missing
+rFK97AmoWyA-00102-00024856-00025014 it cannot run
+rFK97AmoWyA-00103-00025015-00025222 that would be regular mode
+rFK97AmoWyA-00104-00025223-00025494 if you use jar and xz mode
+rFK97AmoWyA-00105-00025495-00025902 um it will search in the java class path
+rFK97AmoWyA-00106-00025904-00026246 that's like an option that's given later
+rFK97AmoWyA-00107-00026247-00026414 okay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00108-00026416-00026535 let me just
+rFK97AmoWyA-00109-00026536-00026683 fill this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00110-00026683-00026839 in
+rFK97AmoWyA-00111-00026839-00027023 what's the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00112-00027024-00027223 short name of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00113-00027224-00027470 your app all right
+rFK97AmoWyA-00114-00027472-00027823 and let's just do
+rFK97AmoWyA-00115-00027824-00028046 the desktop
+rFK97AmoWyA-00116-00028047-00028527 as our distribution
+rFK97AmoWyA-00117-00028527-00028614 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00118-00028616-00028811 okay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00119-00028812-00029087 executable name
+rFK97AmoWyA-00120-00029088-00029231 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00121-00029232-00029455 now these are like options you can
+rFK97AmoWyA-00122-00029456-00029679 already see now in here is something
+rFK97AmoWyA-00123-00029680-00030007 that's called class path so you can say
+rFK97AmoWyA-00124-00030008-00030214 okay please scan
+rFK97AmoWyA-00125-00030216-00030462 environment variables or scanner
+rFK97AmoWyA-00126-00030463-00030662 directory or whatever
+rFK97AmoWyA-00127-00030663-00031023 and then you point it to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00128-00031024-00031318 in this case music directory okay so it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00129-00031319-00031670 will look in this uh directory for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00130-00031672-00032039 the actual
+rFK97AmoWyA-00131-00032039-00032343 java file that it should execute
+rFK97AmoWyA-00132-00032344-00032439 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00133-00032439-00032711 in that jar file it will search or it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00134-00032712-00032935 will execute the main
+rFK97AmoWyA-00135-00032936-00033190 class that you give here like main class
+rFK97AmoWyA-00136-00033191-00033343 of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00137-00033344-00033683 my
+rFK97AmoWyA-00138-00033684-00033951 app okay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00139-00033952-00034279 um okay you tell it a version number
+rFK97AmoWyA-00140-00034280-00034583 just put anything in there
+rFK97AmoWyA-00141-00034584-00034711 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00142-00034712-00034951 now we can compile an executable and it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00143-00034952-00035302 appears here so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00144-00035303-00035711 all right
+rFK97AmoWyA-00145-00035712-00035871 so what
+rFK97AmoWyA-00146-00035872-00036118 this sample does now i wanted to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00147-00036119-00036374 find out more about this sample and one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00148-00036375-00036559 thing that i
+rFK97AmoWyA-00149-00036560-00036718 notice is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00150-00036719-00036839 let's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00151-00036840-00037167 create an image of it
+rFK97AmoWyA-00152-00037168-00037518 so if you check the visualization um one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00153-00037519-00037830 thing you would notice is like there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00154-00037831-00037935 most
+rFK97AmoWyA-00155-00037936-00038159 most of it doesn't seem like there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00156-00038160-00038511 place for any jar i i mean
+rFK97AmoWyA-00157-00038512-00038943 if there was an archive
+rFK97AmoWyA-00158-00038944-00039430 it would look a bit differently um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00159-00039431-00039695 for example let's take products analyzer
+rFK97AmoWyA-00160-00039696-00039902 and create an output of products
+rFK97AmoWyA-00161-00039903-00040102 analyzer because it's a java archive
+rFK97AmoWyA-00162-00040103-00040190 right
+rFK97AmoWyA-00163-00040191-00040274 so um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00164-00040275-00040623 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00165-00040624-00040911 that's products analyzer and here you
+rFK97AmoWyA-00166-00040912-00041135 can see that's what a java archive looks
+rFK97AmoWyA-00167-00041136-00041374 like you have uh
+rFK97AmoWyA-00168-00041375-00041471 this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00169-00041472-00041774 mess um this like with mess with some
+rFK97AmoWyA-00170-00041775-00041918 dots inside
+rFK97AmoWyA-00171-00041919-00042127 and then in the end there are some more
+rFK97AmoWyA-00172-00042128-00042358 more ascii strings which is blue in the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00173-00042359-00042583 light byte plot
+rFK97AmoWyA-00174-00042584-00042702 that's what a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00175-00042703-00042974 jar java archive looks like and it's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00176-00042975-00043207 actually just a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00177-00043208-00043367 zip archive
+rFK97AmoWyA-00178-00043368-00043679 with a java classifieds inside and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00179-00043680-00043790 manifest
+rFK97AmoWyA-00180-00043791-00044062 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00181-00044063-00044446 compare this to to this and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00182-00044447-00044695 there's really no
+rFK97AmoWyA-00183-00044696-00044887 location where you would say okay this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00184-00044888-00045223 is probably a java archive in here of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00185-00045224-00045471 course it could be kind of encrypted but
+rFK97AmoWyA-00186-00045472-00045702 if it was encrypted it was would also
+rFK97AmoWyA-00187-00045703-00045783 show
+rFK97AmoWyA-00188-00045784-00046118 um as being high in entropy
+rFK97AmoWyA-00189-00046119-00046335 which is not the case um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00190-00046336-00046511 there it doesn't seem like there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00191-00046512-00046783 anything packed inside this file just
+rFK97AmoWyA-00192-00046784-00047023 based from the from the entropy and by
+rFK97AmoWyA-00193-00047024-00047207 plot image
+rFK97AmoWyA-00194-00047208-00047407 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00195-00047408-00047567 now
+rFK97AmoWyA-00196-00047568-00047830 we could see like there's this overlay a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00197-00047831-00048167 lot of the times when you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00198-00048168-00048583 launchers installers uh similar things
+rFK97AmoWyA-00199-00048584-00048743 the overlay is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00200-00048744-00048951 the interesting thing to look at
+rFK97AmoWyA-00201-00048952-00049062 because
+rFK97AmoWyA-00202-00049063-00049302 a lot of them will put information into
+rFK97AmoWyA-00203-00049303-00049446 the overlay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00204-00049447-00049846 um the overlay is just appended data
+rFK97AmoWyA-00205-00049847-00050071 so let's check this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00206-00050072-00050246 in the sample
+rFK97AmoWyA-00207-00050247-00050495 so you say go to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00208-00050496-00050758 and put the overlay here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00209-00050759-00051143 and that's where we arrive at so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00210-00051144-00051582 and yeah there's some kind of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00211-00051583-00051911 information in here you see that there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00212-00051912-00052199 some mumbo jumbo about like log files
+rFK97AmoWyA-00213-00052200-00052390 log file names
+rFK97AmoWyA-00214-00052391-00052638 some jars are mentioned
+rFK97AmoWyA-00215-00052639-00052854 and here's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00216-00052855-00053230 here are environment variables
+rFK97AmoWyA-00217-00053232-00053350 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00218-00053351-00053559 but they have also some kind of encoding
+rFK97AmoWyA-00219-00053560-00053782 before them like you see
+rFK97AmoWyA-00220-00053783-00053827 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00221-00053828-00054150 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00222-00054151-00054287 this is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00223-00054288-00054607 like this belongs to exo4j
+rFK97AmoWyA-00224-00054608-00054950 so what i did because of course i could
+rFK97AmoWyA-00225-00054951-00055182 guess what these mean but i want to be
+rFK97AmoWyA-00226-00055183-00055382 sure um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00227-00055383-00055582 i used the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00228-00055583-00055847 wizard and i created
+rFK97AmoWyA-00229-00055848-00056054 a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00230-00056055-00056287 test file like this one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00231-00056288-00056479 and then i just switch
+rFK97AmoWyA-00232-00056479-00056823 some of the parameters like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00233-00056824-00056862 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00234-00056863-00056991 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00235-00056991-00057335 let's say we change this to we uncheck
+rFK97AmoWyA-00236-00057336-00057479 this one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00237-00057479-00057719 so and then we um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00238-00057720-00057999 need to change the name
+rFK97AmoWyA-00239-00058000-00058199 so it's the second
+rFK97AmoWyA-00240-00058200-00058447 one say finished compile a new one so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00241-00058448-00058679 now like we have two
+rFK97AmoWyA-00242-00058679-00058830 test files
+rFK97AmoWyA-00243-00058832-00059207 the first one will have like our default
+rFK97AmoWyA-00244-00059208-00059303 and the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00245-00059304-00059559 second one will have like just one tiny
+rFK97AmoWyA-00246-00059560-00059663 change
+rFK97AmoWyA-00247-00059664-00059903 and then you can compare those
+rFK97AmoWyA-00248-00059904-00060287 um with something like v bindif that is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00249-00060288-00060791 uh why a a you will see even if
+rFK97AmoWyA-00250-00060791-00060999 when we say
+rFK97AmoWyA-00251-00061000-00061375 no
+rFK97AmoWyA-00252-00061376-00061623 executable
+rFK97AmoWyA-00253-00061624-00061759 two
+rFK97AmoWyA-00254-00061760-00062071 so webindiv will
+rFK97AmoWyA-00255-00062072-00062294 if you press enter you will go to the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00256-00062295-00062399 first
+rFK97AmoWyA-00257-00062400-00062735 um bytes that are different
+rFK97AmoWyA-00258-00062736-00063023 when comparing these files and you see
+rFK97AmoWyA-00259-00063024-00063399 well firstly um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00260-00063400-00063615 there are these bytes so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00261-00063616-00063815 they may have to do with the option but
+rFK97AmoWyA-00262-00063816-00064015 it's kind of a lot
+rFK97AmoWyA-00263-00064016-00064326 for just changing one flag in the file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00264-00064327-00064511 and then you see this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00265-00064512-00064679 byte
+rFK97AmoWyA-00266-00064679-00064815 so that looks
+rFK97AmoWyA-00267-00064816-00065038 more like a flag right because there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00268-00065039-00065126 one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00269-00065127-00065406 and there's zero so apparently they
+rFK97AmoWyA-00270-00065407-00065687 encoded it as a string instead of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00271-00065688-00066031 using byte values but the only thing we
+rFK97AmoWyA-00272-00066032-00066326 checked or changed was
+rFK97AmoWyA-00273-00066327-00066438 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00274-00066439-00066806 allow vm paths through parameters right
+rFK97AmoWyA-00275-00066807-00066935 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00276-00066936-00067167 this is where we find those
+rFK97AmoWyA-00277-00067168-00067406 uh second thing
+rFK97AmoWyA-00278-00067407-00067655 we also see our inputs into these
+rFK97AmoWyA-00279-00067656-00067926 programs like this is the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00280-00067927-00068175 short name of your app so we know this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00281-00068176-00068406 is the short name of our application
+rFK97AmoWyA-00282-00068407-00068638 that we told this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00283-00068639-00068831 program to put put into the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00284-00068832-00068999 configuration so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00285-00069000-00069103 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00286-00069104-00069303 that's where we find this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00287-00069304-00069455 of course
+rFK97AmoWyA-00288-00069456-00069615 and um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00289-00069616-00069919 here is a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00290-00069920-00070343 the class path right we told it to use
+rFK97AmoWyA-00291-00070344-00070631 music search music for additional java
+rFK97AmoWyA-00292-00070632-00070926 files and and then look in these draw
+rFK97AmoWyA-00293-00070927-00071287 files for main class of my app
+rFK97AmoWyA-00294-00071288-00071455 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00295-00071456-00071711 again we know
+rFK97AmoWyA-00296-00071712-00071815 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00297-00071816-00072111 like where where this is located but now
+rFK97AmoWyA-00298-00072112-00072287 we need to find like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00299-00072288-00072591 kind of patterns inside this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00300-00072592-00072719 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00301-00072720-00073087 and what happens if we change things so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00302-00073088-00073294 this is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00303-00073295-00073567 you will notice that this is not zero
+rFK97AmoWyA-00304-00073568-00073759 terminated these strings like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00305-00073760-00073950 immediately after short name of your app
+rFK97AmoWyA-00306-00073951-00074191 there's like another
+rFK97AmoWyA-00307-00074192-00074311 character
+rFK97AmoWyA-00308-00074312-00074655 so it somehow has to know where the end
+rFK97AmoWyA-00309-00074656-00074799 of this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00310-00074800-00074950 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00311-00074951-00075487 where the end of this is so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00312-00075488-00075735 if we open our test
+rFK97AmoWyA-00313-00075736-00076223 file here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00314-00076224-00076494 okay we can directly search for short
+rFK97AmoWyA-00315-00076495-00076743 name
+rFK97AmoWyA-00316-00076744-00076999 to get to the area
+rFK97AmoWyA-00317-00077000-00077167 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00318-00077168-00077575 like this has a length of 12 in hex
+rFK97AmoWyA-00319-00077576-00077894 um so where do you see 12
+rFK97AmoWyA-00320-00077895-00078103 you see it here um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00321-00078104-00078262 that is our
+rFK97AmoWyA-00322-00078263-00078494 that's a d word and that
+rFK97AmoWyA-00323-00078495-00078743 directly in front of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00324-00078744-00078871 the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00325-00078872-00079199 this one that will say how long the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00326-00079200-00079326 value is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00327-00079327-00079615 so also we know that um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00328-00079616-00079879 for instance this is the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00329-00079880-00080199 one that says okay vm
+rFK97AmoWyA-00330-00080200-00080438 pass through parameters are allowed or
+rFK97AmoWyA-00331-00080439-00080631 are not allowed
+rFK97AmoWyA-00332-00080632-00080879 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00333-00080880-00081062 that's the one here so what's in front
+rFK97AmoWyA-00334-00081063-00081303 of that it's just one because it's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00335-00081304-00081471 like the the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00336-00081472-00081791 um entry is literally just one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00337-00081792-00082087 bite and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00338-00082088-00082415 so that's like the first clue we can get
+rFK97AmoWyA-00339-00082416-00082567 and then
+rFK97AmoWyA-00340-00082568-00082782 things i also notice and that's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00341-00082783-00083206 especially in comparison with our sample
+rFK97AmoWyA-00342-00083207-00083415 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00343-00083416-00083638 here is like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00344-00083639-00083911 this error log then there starts the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00345-00083912-00084262 next entry but this is apparently not
+rFK97AmoWyA-00346-00084263-00084479 not some kind of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00347-00084480-00084815 uh length because it would be too long
+rFK97AmoWyA-00348-00084816-00085062 um here's another entry
+rFK97AmoWyA-00349-00085063-00085175 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00350-00085176-00085359 what you may notice is that here's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00351-00085360-00085703 another zero so this is like another
+rFK97AmoWyA-00352-00085704-00086103 flag probably and then there's 69 like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00353-00086104-00086247 in front of this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00354-00086248-00086550 flag we have the the size which is one
+rFK97AmoWyA-00355-00086551-00086791 because the flag is just one byte and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00356-00086792-00087055 there's the 68
+rFK97AmoWyA-00357-00087056-00087279 and after the 68
+rFK97AmoWyA-00358-00087280-00087455 you know there's this entry with the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00359-00087456-00087694 flag and then there's 69
+rFK97AmoWyA-00360-00087695-00087911 and then there's another length so we
+rFK97AmoWyA-00361-00087912-00088167 have always the same pattern of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00362-00088168-00088671 like this some kind of id here 68 69 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00363-00088672-00088935 so on then 0a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00364-00088936-00089126 no that's the length
+rFK97AmoWyA-00365-00089127-00089391 this is some kind of id
+rFK97AmoWyA-00366-00089392-00089718 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00367-00089719-00090031 yeah 6a is the next
+rFK97AmoWyA-00368-00090032-00090391 after the id follows the length of the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00369-00090392-00090750 um option or setting and after that the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00370-00090751-00090847 actual
+rFK97AmoWyA-00371-00090848-00090959 entry
+rFK97AmoWyA-00372-00090960-00091143 value so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00373-00091144-00091503 it's always the same so what i did is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00374-00091504-00091735 created a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00375-00091736-00092006 configuration extractor that just looks
+rFK97AmoWyA-00376-00092007-00092135 for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00377-00092136-00092526 these ids which i found by you know for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00378-00092527-00092703 each setting that is in
+rFK97AmoWyA-00379-00092704-00092815 [Music]
+rFK97AmoWyA-00380-00092816-00092943 the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00381-00092944-00093182 exo4j
+rFK97AmoWyA-00382-00093183-00093462 wizard i just created a new variant of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00383-00093463-00093591 the file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00384-00093592-00093782 and then
+rFK97AmoWyA-00385-00093783-00093999 i could compare
+rFK97AmoWyA-00386-00094000-00094279 what uh setting changed and then i knew
+rFK97AmoWyA-00387-00094280-00094399 okay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00388-00094400-00094487 this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00389-00094488-00094967 vm pass through parameters have like 7d
+rFK97AmoWyA-00390-00094968-00095279 if you compare this here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00391-00095280-00095438 they have 70
+rFK97AmoWyA-00392-00095439-00095791 allow vm pass-through parameters
+rFK97AmoWyA-00393-00095792-00096038 um there are some more like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00394-00096039-00096167 certain
+rFK97AmoWyA-00395-00096168-00096279 things that are a little bit more
+rFK97AmoWyA-00396-00096280-00096494 special like the class path you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00397-00096495-00096711 several options to add and you can say
+rFK97AmoWyA-00398-00096712-00096879 it's an archive it's a directory
+rFK97AmoWyA-00399-00096880-00096991 whatever
+rFK97AmoWyA-00400-00096992-00097271 um again like this is the same principle
+rFK97AmoWyA-00401-00097272-00097462 you just change one thing
+rFK97AmoWyA-00402-00097463-00097662 and then you will see okay they have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00403-00097663-00097943 this encoded here because this s means
+rFK97AmoWyA-00404-00097944-00098391 scan directory or d means directory or a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00405-00098392-00098591 means archive and so on
+rFK97AmoWyA-00406-00098592-00098687 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00407-00098688-00098887 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00408-00098888-00099174 so this is how i created a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00409-00099175-00099494 configuration extractor based on
+rFK97AmoWyA-00410-00099495-00099735 wow that info
+rFK97AmoWyA-00411-00099736-00099999 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00412-00100000-00100238 i found out
+rFK97AmoWyA-00413-00100239-00100606 let's just execute it on our file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00414-00100607-00100815 yes i want to quit
+rFK97AmoWyA-00415-00100816-00101150 i don't want to save it thanks
+rFK97AmoWyA-00416-00101151-00101871 uh
+rFK97AmoWyA-00417-00101872-00102055 if i put this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00418-00102056-00102654 apply this configurator on my sample
+rFK97AmoWyA-00419-00102655-00102878 i get the important information firstly
+rFK97AmoWyA-00420-00102879-00103158 we know there is no
+rFK97AmoWyA-00421-00103159-00103406 java file inside this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00422-00103407-00103742 so this is just launcher it's just
+rFK97AmoWyA-00423-00103743-00104023 uh the file that executes files other
+rFK97AmoWyA-00424-00104024-00104151 files
+rFK97AmoWyA-00425-00104152-00104223 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00426-00104224-00104430 what files it executes
+rFK97AmoWyA-00427-00104431-00104527 that's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00428-00104528-00104854 inside this configuration so here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00429-00104855-00105047 we know that's the class path these
+rFK97AmoWyA-00430-00105048-00105358 files are relevant these files
+rFK97AmoWyA-00431-00105359-00105654 are the ones they look for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00432-00105655-00105831 to find
+rFK97AmoWyA-00433-00105832-00106043 this main class
+rFK97AmoWyA-00434-00106044-00106327 ptdgci text client so it's some kind of
+rFK97AmoWyA-00435-00106328-00106502 text
+rFK97AmoWyA-00436-00106503-00106927 text program from 2015 it seems
+rFK97AmoWyA-00437-00106928-00107158 written in java and it applies those
+rFK97AmoWyA-00438-00107159-00107463 parameters to start the vm
+rFK97AmoWyA-00439-00107464-00107551 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00440-00107552-00107775 and then you know okay
+rFK97AmoWyA-00441-00107776-00107886 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00442-00107888-00108158 if there was a splash screen which
+rFK97AmoWyA-00443-00108159-00108375 doesn't seem to be set here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00444-00108376-00108743 uh you you could also uh check the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00445-00108744-00109023 splash screen image in the with resource
+rFK97AmoWyA-00446-00109024-00109231 hacker or something
+rFK97AmoWyA-00447-00109232-00109519 yeah and that's a program name here
+rFK97AmoWyA-00448-00109520-00109871 um yeah i noticed you know the one uh
+rFK97AmoWyA-00449-00109872-00110158 program that one program there there was
+rFK97AmoWyA-00450-00110159-00110231 this
+rFK97AmoWyA-00451-00110232-00110502 uh value at the beginning
+rFK97AmoWyA-00452-00110503-00110823 that
+rFK97AmoWyA-00453-00110824-00111223 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00454-00111224-00111558 you know that changed with every
+rFK97AmoWyA-00455-00111559-00111886 built so every time i built a new file
+rFK97AmoWyA-00456-00111888-00112199 this one here was completely different
+rFK97AmoWyA-00457-00112200-00112551 so i tried okay what if i built the same
+rFK97AmoWyA-00458-00112552-00112815 configuration again and then it appeared
+rFK97AmoWyA-00459-00112816-00113031 that this was the same so it's not not
+rFK97AmoWyA-00460-00113032-00113231 some kind of timestamp
+rFK97AmoWyA-00461-00113232-00113415 um it's actually
+rFK97AmoWyA-00462-00113416-00113631 some kind of checksum because if the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00463-00113632-00113919 configuration file is the same it will
+rFK97AmoWyA-00464-00113920-00114190 produce the same
+rFK97AmoWyA-00465-00114191-00114358 the same numbers
+rFK97AmoWyA-00466-00114359-00114623 so this seems to be just some checksum
+rFK97AmoWyA-00467-00114624-00114758 so you can
+rFK97AmoWyA-00468-00114759-00115047 compare and say okay this is uh this has
+rFK97AmoWyA-00469-00115048-00115278 not been tempered with afterwards and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00470-00115279-00115471 you can immediately say okay this is the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00471-00115472-00115686 same configuration
+rFK97AmoWyA-00472-00115688-00115886 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00473-00115888-00115990 yeah
+rFK97AmoWyA-00474-00115991-00116215 so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00475-00116216-00116983 what i could do with this information
+rFK97AmoWyA-00476-00116983-00117078 it's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00477-00117079-00117183 it's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00478-00117183-00117375 essentially i could tell the customer
+rFK97AmoWyA-00479-00117376-00117615 okay this file is just a launcher
+rFK97AmoWyA-00480-00117616-00117743 and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00481-00117744-00117943 whether that is part of something
+rFK97AmoWyA-00482-00117944-00118134 malicious
+rFK97AmoWyA-00483-00118135-00118351 depends on these files and you find them
+rFK97AmoWyA-00484-00118352-00118510 here so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00485-00118511-00118702 you know you can say okay please look
+rFK97AmoWyA-00486-00118703-00119063 for the file plastic one two zero jar
+rFK97AmoWyA-00487-00119064-00119278 and then we will check those if they are
+rFK97AmoWyA-00488-00119279-00119519 malicious um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00489-00119520-00119678 so yeah
+rFK97AmoWyA-00490-00119679-00119863 i think
+rFK97AmoWyA-00491-00119864-00120031 this should be
+rFK97AmoWyA-00492-00120032-00120158 a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00493-00120159-00120334 you know
+rFK97AmoWyA-00494-00120335-00120551 talked about more because a lot of times
+rFK97AmoWyA-00495-00120552-00120799 what you deal with and your daily
+rFK97AmoWyA-00496-00120800-00120990 workers memory analysis is
+rFK97AmoWyA-00497-00120991-00121175 you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00498-00121176-00121366 corrupt files you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00499-00121367-00121471 like
+rFK97AmoWyA-00500-00121472-00121710 things that look like garbage you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00501-00121711-00121871 log files um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00502-00121872-00122278 and this is something i do not see much
+rFK97AmoWyA-00503-00122279-00122558 talked about how to deal with those and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00504-00122559-00122854 like when to say a files clean
+rFK97AmoWyA-00505-00122855-00122943 um
+rFK97AmoWyA-00506-00122944-00123214 when do you stop looking if there's
+rFK97AmoWyA-00507-00123215-00123534 something malicious in it i think
+rFK97AmoWyA-00508-00123535-00123886 i might do more videos about that so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00509-00123888-00124102 but yeah
+rFK97AmoWyA-00510-00124103-00124231 i hope
+rFK97AmoWyA-00511-00124232-00124407 this gave you some insight on how to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00512-00124408-00124686 work with you know launcher generators
+rFK97AmoWyA-00513-00124688-00124847 you can also use the same if you have
+rFK97AmoWyA-00514-00124848-00125014 some kind of builder if you have a
+rFK97AmoWyA-00515-00125015-00125158 builder for
+rFK97AmoWyA-00516-00125159-00125375 anything really to
+rFK97AmoWyA-00517-00125376-00125607 see how it affects the
+rFK97AmoWyA-00518-00125608-00125847 created files so
+rFK97AmoWyA-00519-00125848-00125943 yeah
+rFK97AmoWyA-00520-00125944-00126143 and that's it for today
+rFK97AmoWyA-00521-00126144-00126343 thanks for watching and
+rFK97AmoWyA-00522-00126344-00126776 leave a like see you next time
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00000-00000809-00001127 right what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00001-00001128-00001319 we could do theme song
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00002-00001320-00001541 the problem is if you use a theme song
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00003-00001542-00001732 that's copyrighted you can't post it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00004-00001734-00002118 yeah do you need to create your own
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00005-00002119-00002321 bridge on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00006-00002322-00002734 hey John hey John hey good morning
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00007-00002735-00003395 afternoon whatever it is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00008-00003396-00003713 hi hi look at all those faces
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00009-00003714-00003917 well do you want to wait for a couple
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00010-00003918-00004133 minutes
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00011-00004134-00004438 well we should respect the time yes but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00012-00004439-00004529 uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00013-00004530-00004759 it's good to see you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00014-00004760-00004991 everybody there's quite a number more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00015-00004992-00005188 that should be coming but we'll respect
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00016-00005189-00005422 the time and and get started
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00017-00005423-00005806 okay well good morning uh everybody
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00018-00005807-00005981 um and uh good afternoon good evening
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00019-00005982-00006172 I'm on the west coast so morning for me
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00020-00006173-00006341 uh thank you all so much for joining
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00021-00006342-00006610 today to talk about perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00022-00006611-00006869 um I'm Matt chassis I'm a host here at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00023-00006870-00007109 systems thinking daily I'm a facilitator
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00024-00007109-00007403 for E Cornell uh teaching this work for
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00025-00007404-00007655 uh students there and I apply these
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00026-00007656-00007841 ideas every day to my Consulting work
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00027-00007842-00008074 helping communities adapt to climate
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00028-00008075-00008159 change
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00029-00008159-00008392 I'm super excited today to be hosting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00030-00008393-00008609 the second in our series with Derek and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00031-00008610-00008903 Laura on uh on their research
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00032-00008904-00009281 the goal of these sessions is to uh to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00033-00009282-00009485 make the underlying research and dsrp
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00034-00009486-00009910 accessible to uh to you and to uh the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00035-00009911-00010060 folks you work with and help build
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00036-00010061-00010301 skills and Effectiveness in your own
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00037-00010302-00010439 work
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00038-00010440-00010559 um and I think these are these are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00039-00010560-00010739 really interesting sessions right it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00040-00010740-00010901 we're just talking a minute ago it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00041-00010902-00011117 pretty rare that uh you actually get to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00042-00011118-00011249 talk to the researchers and sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00043-00011250-00011495 explore the intricacies of of their work
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00044-00011496-00011699 so this is really quite a quite a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00045-00011700-00011938 special opportunity I think just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00046-00011939-00012106 yesterday planning for this session I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00047-00012107-00012335 gained a couple new insights myself uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00048-00012336-00012509 just in a few minutes of talking through
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00049-00012510-00012688 these ideas
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00050-00012689-00012941 a little introduction is needed but just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00051-00012941-00013108 quickly uh Derek and Laura they both
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00052-00013109-00013315 serve on faculty at Cornell University
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00053-00013316-00013577 teaching systems thinking modeling and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00054-00013578-00013763 Leadership uh they're sought after
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00055-00013763-00013972 speakers around the country and World
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00056-00013973-00014279 talking about systems thinking and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00057-00014280-00014579 they're working with uh organizations
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00058-00014580-00014777 trying to solve some of our most complex
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00059-00014778-00015047 and important problems and perhaps most
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00060-00015047-00015197 importantly they lead the Cabrera
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00061-00015197-00015430 research lab with the vision of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00062-00015431-00015580 empowering
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00063-00015581-00015886 um seven billion systems thinkers
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00064-00015887-00016186 yeah so and also want to do a special
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00065-00016187-00016391 thanks to Luna Cabrera who's done all
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00066-00016392-00016583 the hard work getting us uh organized
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00067-00016584-00016780 for this session today and does many
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00068-00016781-00017021 many things on systems thinking daily to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00069-00017022-00017230 keep things running smoothly uh each and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00070-00017231-00017458 every day
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00071-00017459-00017735 so logistics for today uh we have about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00072-00017736-00017975 45 minutes total uh first we're going to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00073-00017976-00018179 do a quick perspective expanding
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00074-00018180-00018503 challenge for you uh next Derek Amara
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00075-00018504-00018725 will present the research from the paper
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00076-00018726-00018994 called perspectives organized
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00077-00018995-00019258 information in mind in nature that was
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00078-00019259-00019450 published earlier this spring
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00079-00019451-00019625 then we'll spend the remainder of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00080-00019626-00019900 time uh talking uh sort of casual
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00081-00019901-00020069 conversation asking questions and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00082-00020070-00020308 discussing some more uh details about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00083-00020309-00020567 the uh about the work and about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00084-00020568-00020764 perspectives in general
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00085-00020765-00021011 and if you're new to St daily these are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00086-00021012-00021208 pretty informal sessions you know don't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00087-00021209-00021425 be shy at please ask any questions that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00088-00021426-00021671 you have uh truly all questions are good
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00089-00021672-00021893 questions here and if you haven't uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00090-00021894-00022072 it's pretty likely somebody else does as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00091-00022073-00022189 well
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00092-00022190-00022528 and then finally this uh session is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00093-00022529-00022714 being recorded as you just saw and will
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00094-00022715-00022949 be posted on systems thinking daily in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00095-00022950-00023333 the next uh hopefully week or so and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00096-00023334-00023561 uh if you missed it the last session on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00097-00023562-00023830 the so-called fish tank study is now
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00098-00023831-00023950 available
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00099-00023951-00024094 um and Elena is going to put a link in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00100-00024095-00024455 the chat for you there
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00101-00024456-00024803 um so with that I'll hand it over to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00102-00024804-00024989 Derek and Laura
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00103-00024990-00025319 good morning
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00104-00025320-00025625 thank you good to see you all so we are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00105-00025626-00025846 going to do the uh brain teaser at the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00106-00025847-00025967 end we thought that would be a little
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00107-00025968-00026279 more fun uh to do that after we sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00108-00026280-00026464 had this conversation you might bring
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00109-00026466-00026596 home some of the points of what we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00110-00026597-00026777 talking about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00111-00026777-00027107 um yes yes so we're here to talk about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00112-00027108-00027412 uh one of our latest research studies uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00113-00027413-00027701 on perspectives and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00114-00027702-00027814 um there are some things about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00115-00027816-00028181 perspectives that I think are unique in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00116-00028182-00028427 the sense that you know perspective is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00117-00028427-00028696 obviously a cognitive act it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00118-00028697-00028787 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00119-00028788-00029039 it has positive and negative effects but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00120-00029039-00029183 it's not really in and of itself
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00121-00029183-00029501 positive or negative I also think uh in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00122-00029502-00029735 talking uh through some things the other
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00123-00029736-00029968 day one of the things is that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00124-00029969-00030223 perspective is sort of in my in my view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00125-00030224-00030479 misunderstood in some ways in the way
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00126-00030480-00030695 that we think of perspective as our
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00127-00030695-00030893 point of view rather than what it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00128-00030894-00031055 actually is the interaction between
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00129-00031056-00031489 those two elements of point and view so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00130-00031489-00031764 oh I was just going to say that that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00131-00031766-00032008 perspective really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00132-00032010-00032290 in the research is is kind of a very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00133-00032291-00032579 root level thing and and so it's it lies
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00134-00032580-00032824 underneath some things that you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00135-00032825-00033052 extremely familiar with like all those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00136-00033053-00033299 terms up there on the left
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00137-00033300-00033617 um things like empathy compassion
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00138-00033618-00033796 Analytics
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00139-00033797-00034151 bias stereotypes conflict Prejudice
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00140-00034152-00034390 um things like frame of reference which
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00141-00034391-00034590 is used a lot for example in physics
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00142-00034591-00034949 scale which is used across the Natural
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00143-00034950-00035237 Sciences quite a bit obviously point of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00144-00035238-00035496 view viewpoints mindsets beliefs
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00145-00035497-00035843 opinions all those kinds of things uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00146-00035844-00036035 and even critical thinking and problem
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00147-00036036-00036251 solving and all that type of stuff so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00148-00036252-00036407 perspective is really one of those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00149-00036408-00036821 things that you know uh you learn it and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00150-00036822-00037301 it lies at the root of so many other
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00151-00037302-00037396 um things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00152-00037397-00037631 one example being empathy and compassion
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00153-00037632-00037895 can't exist without perspective taking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00154-00037896-00038171 for example and we all know how
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00155-00038172-00038357 important empathy and compassion are so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00156-00038358-00038585 well I also just want to think I've had
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00157-00038586-00038777 is I think some of the things I'm hoping
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00158-00038778-00039059 we can get across in The quick summary
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00159-00039060-00039329 of This research is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00160-00039330-00039623 um that because perspective is so widely
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00161-00039624-00039887 used and has so many synonyms I think we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00162-00039888-00040115 we walk through the uh walk around
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00163-00040116-00040283 thinking we really understand it at a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00164-00040284-00040457 deep level and so I think because it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00165-00040458-00040655 such a common English word we don't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00166-00040656-00040793 really think about the underlying
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00167-00040794-00040979 structure of the perspective taking that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00168-00040980-00041255 we we engage in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00169-00041256-00041555 so we started um looking at a few
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00170-00041556-00041801 questions when we did this research
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00171-00041802-00042155 um how perspectives form what the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00172-00042156-00042371 Dynamics are between point of view in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00173-00042372-00042527 perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00174-00042528-00042671 um the role that they played both
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00175-00042672-00042899 individually and socially in terms of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00176-00042900-00043096 cognition
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00177-00043097-00043379 um obviously how perspectives are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00178-00043380-00043690 related to metacognition and what it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00179-00043691-00043895 means when we're more aware of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00180-00043896-00044111 perspectives we're taking what how that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00181-00044112-00044333 has effects on us on our lives and those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00182-00044334-00044561 kinds of things so we did nine studies
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00183-00044562-00044717 ourselves we did a wider lit review
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00184-00044718-00044915 which we'll talk about probably later a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00185-00044916-00045196 little bit but we really wanted to to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00186-00045197-00045467 focus on the elemental level of point
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00187-00045468-00045845 and View and how perspective those two
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00188-00045846-00046127 things are like the others we've talked
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00189-00046128-00046289 about co-applying they're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00190-00046290-00046474 interchangeable
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00191-00046475-00046757 um linked obviously yeah very special
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00192-00046758-00046990 relationship existing in both mind and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00193-00046991-00047105 nature
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00194-00047106-00047357 um you know and and so when we designed
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00195-00047358-00047518 these nine different experiments we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00196-00047519-00047746 designed them purposefully to kind of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00197-00047747-00048035 work as an Ecology of experiments where
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00198-00048036-00048317 one experiment informed the others to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00199-00048318-00048617 identify and isolate variables such as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00200-00048618-00048905 point and View and the unique
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00201-00048906-00049199 relationship between point and View and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00202-00049200-00049523 also the dependencies of perspective on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00203-00049524-00049757 the other patterns distinction systems
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00204-00049758-00050165 and relationships so we designed it that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00205-00050166-00050489 way and I'm happy to report this doesn't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00206-00050490-00050758 always happen but um it did in this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00207-00050759-00051017 particular case that we got high
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00208-00051018-00051208 statistical
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00209-00051209-00051604 um uh validity across all of the nine
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00210-00051605-00051982 studies which is kind of uh you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00211-00051983-00052240 no pun intended significant
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00212-00052241-00052447 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00213-00052448-00052787 Alina will send you the we'll put in at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00214-00052788-00052954 the actual paper
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00215-00052955-00053116 um and so you can read the paper but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00216-00053117-00053273 we're going to try to go through the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00217-00053274-00053459 paper a little bit so that you can you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00218-00053460-00053753 know if you're not familiar with certain
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00219-00053754-00054053 um research terms or whatever or if you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00220-00054054-00054316 are we're gonna sort of walk walk
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00221-00054317-00054473 through what we found
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00222-00054474-00054587 yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00223-00054588-00054791 and some of the things that we've talked
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00224-00054791-00054988 about before that I think are relevant
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00225-00054989-00055271 and why we should think about this is if
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00226-00055272-00055487 you remember in in a lot of the stuff
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00227-00055488-00055630 that we've talked about we talk about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00228-00055632-00055859 the fact that when people are asked to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00229-00055860-00056015 think something through
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00230-00056016-00056237 almost half of us have that moment of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00231-00056238-00056392 freezing up and not knowing what to do
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00232-00056394-00056542 when someone asks us to think about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00233-00056544-00056753 something and then of the half that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00234-00056754-00057029 actually do something relative to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00235-00057029-00057257 thinking if you look at this slide what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00236-00057258-00057454 you'll see is that the thing that they
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00237-00057455-00057671 do the least involves perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00238-00057672-00057953 involves perspective taking which I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00239-00057954-00058121 think is actually interesting because I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00240-00058122-00058265 think that we all walk around thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00241-00058266-00058403 we're really good at taking perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00242-00058404-00058666 but the fact is the data shows that we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00243-00058667-00058930 don't we don't actually do that as much
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00244-00058932-00059194 as we think we do and that we need to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00245-00059195-00059416 work on developing you know some of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00246-00059417-00059597 fundamental skills that we talk about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00247-00059598-00059909 which is to make sure that we're we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00248-00059910-00060149 very explicit about the perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00249-00060150-00060430 we're taking to really focus on taking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00250-00060432-00060647 multiple perspectives on anything that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00251-00060648-00060935 we're thinking about and to remind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00252-00060936-00061109 ourselves that perspectives can be
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00253-00061110-00061325 conceptual as well as anthropomorphic
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00254-00061326-00061523 you know eyeballs and we want to really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00255-00061524-00061757 think about developing those skills
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00256-00061758-00061949 purposely because it it seems like we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00257-00061950-00062111 not doing them as as much as you think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00258-00062112-00062357 we are and it's a perspective what this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00259-00062358-00062542 research shows his perspective is really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00260-00062544-00062873 a mind-changing event
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00261-00062874-00063163 um it it has a it kind of like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00262-00063164-00063497 reverberates down your mental model and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00263-00063498-00063779 so the fact that we're that perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00264-00063779-00064030 is showing up last on this list in terms
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00265-00064032-00064337 of uh the regularity with which most
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00266-00064338-00064637 people are using it combined with the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00267-00064638-00064811 fact that it's so critically important
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00268-00064812-00065069 is obviously a sort of a critical
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00269-00065070-00065261 mismatch
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00270-00065262-00065387 I know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00271-00065388-00065573 and of course
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00272-00065574-00065879 the study that shows that um you know we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00273-00065880-00066041 get the dunning-kruger effect of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00274-00066042-00066347 Competency and and confidence and in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00275-00066348-00066725 particular perspective is the widest uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00276-00066726-00066832 Gap
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00277-00066833-00067217 in of of the dsrp and mixed
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00278-00067218-00067529 um is is also pretty important so uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00279-00067530-00067697 perspective is what we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00280-00067698-00067997 the least competent in and the most
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00281-00067998-00068255 confident about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00282-00068256-00068513 which is problematic especially if you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00283-00068514-00068669 think about about all of the things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00284-00068670-00068915 we're dealing with in the world and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00285-00068916-00069125 socially we really need to get better at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00286-00069126-00069317 taking perspectives to really start to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00287-00069318-00069575 make some Headway into these intractable
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00288-00069576-00069826 problems that we're dealing with writ
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00289-00069827-00069923 large
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00290-00069924-00070097 and if you want to know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00291-00070098-00070321 um kind of what are the empirical
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00292-00070322-00070625 conclusions that we can take away from
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00293-00070626-00070829 this Ecology of studies this is a a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00294-00070830-00071219 short list right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00295-00071220-00071488 and we try to um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00296-00071489-00071735 we tried to uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00297-00071736-00072067 create the list in such a way that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00298-00072068-00072119 [Music]
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00299-00072120-00072203 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00300-00072204-00072467 the red part is kind of a very simple
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00301-00072468-00072694 statement and then the black part is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00302-00072695-00072965 kind of like a a slightly more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00303-00072966-00073144 elaborated statement so it's really easy
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00304-00073145-00073511 to understand what what is being said
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00305-00073512-00073871 um and Alina can send this paper as well
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00306-00073872-00074087 um this is a summary of all the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00307-00074088-00074303 different research that has this in it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00308-00074304-00074476 so you don't have to read it all right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00309-00074477-00074747 now but these are empirical conclusions
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00310-00074748-00075221 that can be made as a result of these uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00311-00075222-00075431 these different studies that we're kind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00312-00075432-00075826 of reviewing today
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00313-00075827-00076138 yeah yeah so I think one of the things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00314-00076139-00076349 that I would just emphasize is if you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00315-00076350-00076541 read only one of these papers that's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00316-00076542-00076744 great if you read a lot of the papers on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00317-00076745-00076943 dsrmp you're going to see some parallel
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00318-00076944-00077153 uh structure and the things that we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00319-00077154-00077459 finding in that the elements exist that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00320-00077460-00077638 you know we have certain strengths and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00321-00077639-00077825 weaknesses in terms of seeing
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00322-00077826-00078035 perspectives that are more like ours
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00323-00078036-00078232 versus not
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00324-00078233-00078629 um the fact that perspectives are uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00325-00078630-00078844 very interdependent on the distinction
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00326-00078845-00079109 systems and relationships rules so that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00327-00079110-00079343 all four rules are influencing one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00328-00079344-00079475 another
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00329-00079476-00079529 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00330-00079530-00079771 quite remarkably I would say
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00331-00079772-00080021 so what we wanted to do also is just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00332-00080022-00080182 sort of leave you with this overview
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00333-00080183-00080512 slide and see if uh Matt there are some
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00334-00080513-00080794 questions that you wanted to start us
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00335-00080795-00080956 off with and if people have questions I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00336-00080957-00081100 think they have them in the chat is that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00337-00081101-00081341 right or do they just speak up uh yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00338-00081342-00081479 no go ahead and add them in the chat
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00339-00081480-00081653 that'd be great and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00340-00081654-00081893 um we might do some live questions as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00341-00081894-00082043 well
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00342-00082044-00082115 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00343-00082116-00082373 yeah I mean I guess one thing is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00344-00082374-00082625 obviously as you say people think they
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00345-00082626-00082793 know about perspectives and it's talked
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00346-00082794-00082931 about a lot could you talk a little bit
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00347-00082932-00083026 about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00348-00083027-00083087 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00349-00083088-00083344 how this research fits in with the the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00350-00083345-00083512 bigger picture the sort of the history
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00351-00083513-00083705 of prospective research you know how
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00352-00083706-00083956 this sort of adds to things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00353-00083957-00084112 um that have been thought about before
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00354-00084113-00084412 and and how it's new
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00355-00084413-00084593 yeah so I mean in the beginning of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00356-00084594-00084826 paper we sort of contextualize our own
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00357-00084827-00085037 research uh how it's different from
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00358-00085038-00085229 previous research and how it extends it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00359-00085230-00085475 but if you look at the paper you'll see
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00360-00085476-00085600 that a lot of people have been thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00361-00085601-00085835 about perspective for a long time there
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00362-00085836-00085979 are different types of scientists and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00363-00085980-00086243 researchers who are doing things like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00364-00086244-00086471 do plants have a perspective it turns
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00365-00086472-00086741 out plants have a perspective uh they
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00366-00086742-00086975 have things like they look at uh mate
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00367-00086976-00087226 display behaviors and different types of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00368-00087227-00087341 birds and how they take different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00369-00087342-00087635 perspectives to do that there was one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00370-00087636-00087947 person who talked about atoms having
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00371-00087948-00088115 perspectives that we've interacted with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00372-00088116-00088475 a bit these are cells having
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00373-00088476-00088823 perspectives atoms having perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00374-00088824-00088894 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00375-00088895-00089297 really quite profound in that uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00376-00089298-00089543 actually talked to this this researcher
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00377-00089544-00089741 and asked him point blank are you being
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00378-00089742-00089993 metaphorical because Dyson who's a very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00379-00089994-00090191 famous physicist talked about this as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00380-00090192-00090353 well but he tended to talk about it in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00381-00090354-00090593 very metaphorical terms but I said are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00382-00090594-00090815 you being metaphorical or empirical he
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00383-00090816-00090947 said I'm being a hundred percent
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00384-00090948-00091144 empirical
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00385-00091145-00091597 um so Adams have perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00386-00091598-00091955 uh is the conclusion of of his of his
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00387-00091956-00092065 studies
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00388-00092066-00092315 and I would say Matt if people are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00389-00092316-00092459 interested in sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00390-00092460-00092741 um the more well-known uh research
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00391-00092742-00093041 relative to perspectives it's not ours I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00392-00093042-00093281 would say look up theory of mind or the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00393-00093282-00093461 Sally Anne experiments and that'll get
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00394-00093462-00093725 get to uh I would say some of the more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00395-00093726-00093899 well-known research that's been done
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00396-00093900-00094144 prior to this yeah there's there's a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00397-00094145-00094349 long history like Laura said and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00398-00094350-00094600 beginning part of the paper kind of uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00399-00094601-00094775 reviews some of those things and then
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00400-00094776-00094961 there's three different lit reviews that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00401-00094962-00095231 we've done that review over 150
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00402-00095232-00095609 different studies across the disciplines
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00403-00095610-00095897 um that that focus on very you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00404-00095898-00096167 perspectives and and other uh patterns
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00405-00096168-00096343 of dsrp
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00406-00096344-00096605 excellent thank you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00407-00096606-00096917 um and one I mean there's some new folks
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00408-00096918-00097097 on the call today could you give just a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00409-00097098-00097259 couple of really quick examples of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00410-00097260-00097432 plane in the view just the the basics
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00411-00097433-00097637 just to make sure everybody has
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00412-00097638-00097918 um you know has a good sense of how
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00413-00097919-00098062 those two fit together maybe just with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00414-00098063-00098332 some a couple of simple examples
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00415-00098333-00098518 uh sure well some of the easier examples
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00416-00098519-00098788 are people obviously right so I am
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00417-00098789-00099029 sitting here looking at this screen I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00418-00099030-00099256 have a point the point is me and my view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00419-00099257-00099485 is this screen well Derek is sitting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00420-00099486-00099671 here and he also has a point and he's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00421-00099672-00099850 looking at the same view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00422-00099851-00100055 we may be focusing or seeing different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00423-00100056-00100223 things based on what we're thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00424-00100224-00100468 about uh at the same time it's just like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00425-00100469-00100624 when two people go and watch a movie
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00426-00100625-00100841 well they both have a perspective on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00427-00100842-00101038 that movie they've seen the same view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00428-00101039-00101261 but they interpret it differently they
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00429-00101262-00101465 get different things out of it now you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00430-00101466-00101674 can also change the view obviously right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00431-00101675-00101867 so I can be looking at this screen and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00432-00101868-00101999 then I can turn it look at that screen
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00433-00102000-00102197 so that's two different perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00434-00102198-00102376 because it's my point and view on this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00435-00102377-00102640 one my point of view on that one so you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00436-00102641-00102778 can change either one and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00437-00102779-00102934 perspective will change and zoom
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00438-00102935-00103175 actually gives you kind of a unique uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00439-00103176-00103577 perspective again no pun intended uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00440-00103578-00103840 of the screens because I I bet you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00441-00103841-00104165 dollars to Donuts that uh Linda's screen
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00442-00104166-00104344 that she's looking at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00443-00104345-00104542 in the configuration of all these
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00444-00104543-00104723 different faces is different than mine
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00445-00104724-00105016 so even though we have the same Parts in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00446-00105017-00105281 our view the actual view that Linda's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00447-00105282-00105539 seeing or Mark seeing or hope seeing is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00448-00105540-00105736 different than the one that I'm seeing
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00449-00105738-00105934 and and you see that in Zoom mistakes
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00450-00105935-00106163 all the time where you think that you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00451-00106164-00106427 say oh well uh let's start in the left
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00452-00106428-00106684 hand top left hand corner with Matt well
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00453-00106685-00106901 Matt isn't in the top left-hand corner
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00454-00106902-00107231 of everybody's screen right so the view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00455-00107232-00107452 is different the part hole configuration
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00456-00107453-00107651 is different the relationships are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00457-00107652-00107915 different based on the the point and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00458-00107916-00108166 view even if in the case that we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00459-00108167-00108419 talking about the parts are exactly the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00460-00108420-00108683 same they're ordered differently or they
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00461-00108683-00108875 have different permutations
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00462-00108876-00109097 that's a great example I mean one of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00463-00109098-00109325 I think the points of talking about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00464-00109326-00109510 perspective is that it's the root of a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00465-00109511-00109721 lot of problems right that that occur in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00466-00109722-00109871 the world and even the zoom one you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00467-00109872-00110051 how many meetings are like who goes next
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00468-00110052-00110290 and what happens or you know I call on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00469-00110291-00110440 you and surprise you because you're not
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00470-00110441-00110608 actually you know next on your screen or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00471-00110609-00110801 whatever and so even that simple example
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00472-00110802-00111040 there's you know time wasted confusion
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00473-00111041-00111263 sort of lots of work done because of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00474-00111264-00111490 that that misunderstanding our lack of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00475-00111491-00111599 awareness that there's different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00476-00111600-00111790 perspectives so that's a really nice
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00477-00111791-00111965 nice example
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00478-00111966-00112108 um could you talk a little bit more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00479-00112109-00112354 about uh in the description you showed
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00480-00112355-00112552 earlier and talks about perspective as a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00481-00112553-00112775 cognitive act right so and obviously the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00482-00112776-00112936 examples you saw at your Laura's looking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00483-00112938-00113152 one screen another screen you can sort
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00484-00113153-00113375 of imagine you know the the thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00485-00113376-00113621 behind that but when you talk about an
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00486-00113622-00113939 atom or a part and you know a place in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00487-00113940-00114304 space or a asphalt road or whatever
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00488-00114305-00114604 those don't seem super cognitive to me
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00489-00114605-00114845 so could you kind of talk through you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00490-00114846-00115049 know how how you think about those as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00491-00115050-00115313 perspectives and how folks can kind of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00492-00115314-00115577 incorporate that in into their own work
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00493-00115578-00115769 yeah that's a great question
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00494-00115770-00116039 um and I think most people have some you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00495-00116040-00116321 know that's a stretch for most so you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00496-00116322-00116483 in good company
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00497-00116483-00116716 um I think what you have to do is sort
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00498-00116717-00116945 of think of it as cognitive as just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00499-00116946-00117299 being sensory and perception right like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00500-00117300-00117539 they're they're and plus the the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00501-00117540-00117731 whatever you're using the process that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00502-00117732-00118036 sensory perception so atoms have a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00503-00118038-00118325 sensory perception they're bumping up
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00504-00118326-00118577 against each other cells have it uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00505-00118578-00118810 there's there's actually a ton of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00506-00118811-00118984 research that's coming out it's a very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00507-00118985-00119278 uh again no I'm not meaning to make
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00508-00119279-00119478 these puns but it's a very fertile area
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00509-00119479-00119734 in Plants
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00510-00119735-00120154 um that that uh plants are are actually
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00511-00120155-00120328 have like a perspective they're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00512-00120329-00120551 following the sun they they have a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00513-00120552-00120893 sensory experience and they're adjusting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00514-00120894-00121151 based on their perception of that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00515-00121152-00121486 sensory experience and so no atoms
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00516-00121488-00121697 aren't sort of contemplating their navel
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00517-00121698-00121984 like like we might do or they're not uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00518-00121985-00122195 thinking about what they're gonna have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00519-00122196-00122410 for dinner or something like that but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00520-00122411-00122699 they are in their own kind of atomic
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00521-00122700-00123058 like World aware of the other things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00522-00123059-00123340 that are around them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00523-00123341-00123766 and they're making uh Behavior as a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00524-00123767-00124060 result of that awareness
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00525-00124061-00124343 right yeah that helps a lot absolutely
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00526-00124344-00124552 thank you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00527-00124553-00124847 um Scott asked a great question this is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00528-00124848-00125171 more about the research but do you find
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00529-00125172-00125351 that people
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00530-00125352-00125693 um have more trouble with the point or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00531-00125694-00125999 the view or the combination will be in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00532-00126000-00126184 the perspective or when when you look at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00533-00126185-00126366 the research kind of where do people get
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00534-00126367-00126634 stuck and I guess to add to that and one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00535-00126635-00126790 of the goals of these discussions is you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00536-00126791-00126923 know how we can sort of apply these
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00537-00126924-00127090 ideas our own work or you know better
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00538-00127091-00127265 relationships with people understanding
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00539-00127266-00127547 of systems you know how based on your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00540-00127548-00127865 answer kind of what can we do to help
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00541-00127866-00127945 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00542-00127946-00128428 them be more yeah I'll take that one too
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00543-00128429-00128681 that's a great question and I I wouldn't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00544-00128682-00128963 say that they have um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00545-00128964-00129227 that that they're better or worse at P
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00546-00129228-00129484 or V which is point and view bit little
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00547-00129485-00129610 p Little V
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00548-00129611-00129863 big p is perspective it's unfortunate
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00549-00129864-00130078 that there's two P's but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00550-00130079-00130240 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00551-00130241-00130552 I would say the the difficulty people
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00552-00130553-00130907 have is assuming that this big p is the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00553-00130908-00131249 same as this little Peak yeah right that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00554-00131250-00131561 the point is exactly the same as the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00555-00131562-00131831 perspective and that is not the case
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00556-00131832-00132149 this is an equality which means that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00557-00132150-00132497 perspective is the same as the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00558-00132498-00132821 relationship between point and view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00559-00132822-00132995 so there aren't three things here
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00560-00132996-00133195 there's there's one thing here
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00561-00133196-00133469 perspective and that one thing is made
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00562-00133470-00133823 up of two related things there the p on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00563-00133824-00134183 the left side is the same as the small P
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00564-00134184-00134477 small V on the right hand side but most
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00565-00134478-00134890 people mistake that perspective is the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00566-00134891-00135245 point right so you'll say you know my
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00567-00135246-00135575 perspective is me right or or that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00568-00135576-00135857 thing's perspective is that thing but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00569-00135858-00136121 really it's that thing as an observer
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00570-00136122-00136349 and what they're observing and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00571-00136350-00136560 interaction effect between them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00572-00136561-00136678 [Music]
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00573-00136679-00136859 interesting so and based on that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00574-00136860-00136997 equation it's interesting I hadn't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00575-00136998-00137104 really thought about it that way before
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00576-00137105-00137333 two people literally can't have the same
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00577-00137334-00137578 perspective it's incredibly difficult
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00578-00137579-00137831 because they're always literally yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00579-00137832-00137993 they would literally have to have almost
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00580-00137994-00138166 like if you were to think about it in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00581-00138167-00138264 very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00582-00138265-00138509 uh scientific terms they would have to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00583-00138510-00138785 have the same evolutionary histories and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00584-00138786-00139031 you know you it I guess it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00585-00139032-00139295 hypothetically possible because you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00586-00139296-00139475 can't have alternative universes in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00587-00139476-00139685 physics and things like that but but in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00588-00139686-00139985 our regular world uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00589-00139986-00140261 this it really isn't possible to have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00590-00140262-00140507 exactly the same perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00591-00140508-00140747 it seems like maybe like atoms could
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00592-00140748-00140902 something that's very fundamental
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00593-00140903-00141185 potentially could come closer but maybe
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00594-00141186-00141293 not even
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00595-00141294-00141677 even that yeah yeah that's pretty close
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00596-00141678-00141835 though I mean
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00597-00141836-00142133 suggested in the um in the chat you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00598-00142134-00142325 like twins but I think even twins you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00599-00142326-00142493 know now you know they have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00600-00142494-00142643 even though it's a similar experience
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00601-00142644-00142828 and similar genetics there's still a lot
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00602-00142829-00143075 of difference right yeah because their
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00603-00143076-00143219 life experience is different so even
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00604-00143220-00143447 though they have a genetic similarity
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00605-00143448-00143716 which is gonna obviously influence them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00606-00143717-00144064 uh their genotype is very similar uh but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00607-00144065-00144275 they're phenotype the way that genotype
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00608-00144276-00144557 is expressed is not always similar so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00609-00144558-00144773 um we see that in twins that have been
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00610-00144774-00145049 separated at Birth where their genotype
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00611-00145050-00145373 is relatively similar but uh their
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00612-00145374-00145666 phenotype is possibly dramatically
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00613-00145667-00145871 different versus twins that grew up
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00614-00145872-00146111 together you know they're gonna have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00615-00146112-00146399 um easier times with perspectives right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00616-00146400-00146825 interesting uh here's another from John
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00617-00146826-00147083 um saying that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00618-00147084-00147352 um our human perspectives always present
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00619-00147353-00147616 in any view because we cannot access
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00620-00147617-00148037 perspectives without our eyes basically
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00621-00148038-00148121 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00622-00148122-00148361 sort of I guess
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00623-00148362-00148559 yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00624-00148560-00148787 our perspectives always there
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00625-00148788-00148961 yes that's actually one of the things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00626-00148962-00149177 that came out of this study is that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00627-00149178-00149387 there's always uh what's called a root
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00628-00149388-00149585 perspective so even even if you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00629-00149586-00149933 making a map with perspectives on it all
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00630-00149934-00150083 of that is based on some root
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00631-00150084-00150275 perspective always always always always
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00632-00150276-00150514 and the root perspective is almost never
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00633-00150515-00150749 explicated
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00634-00150750-00151001 um I imagine a world someday where
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00635-00151002-00151295 anytime you see a graphic the person has
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00636-00151296-00151487 explicated the root perspective that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00637-00151488-00151721 that graphic has come from but of course
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00638-00151722-00151919 when we look at Graphics today you never
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00639-00151920-00152213 that nobody ever explicates hey this is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00640-00152214-00152393 my perspective that this graphic was
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00641-00152394-00152626 made from that this model or framework
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00642-00152627-00152866 or whatever was or this statement really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00643-00152867-00153173 was made from so there's always a root
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00644-00153174-00153337 perspective that's almost always
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00645-00153338-00153701 implicit but it's always there well I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00646-00153702-00153887 also would I also think one of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00647-00153888-00154073 complications I will say with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00648-00154074-00154283 perspective is there's a big difference
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00649-00154284-00154637 between me sitting here and taking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00650-00154638-00154804 Derek's perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00651-00154805-00155093 or me standing up and sitting in Derek's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00652-00155094-00155321 chair and seeing their's perspective so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00653-00155322-00155566 the first case is I'm actually imposing
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00654-00155567-00155789 my pers my perspective of his
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00655-00155790-00156113 perspective versus actually being in his
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00656-00156114-00156299 perspective so it's like first order and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00657-00156300-00156509 second order perspective taking and I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00658-00156510-00156676 think that's a really hard distinction
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00659-00156677-00157043 for people to to know and also to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00660-00157044-00157416 operationalize in that sense
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00661-00157417-00157757 yeah one of the studies was actually a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00662-00157758-00158033 pretty fascinating study
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00663-00158034-00158104 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00664-00158105-00158321 we call it the what what is the plant
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00665-00158322-00158489 study
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00666-00158490-00158695 and um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00667-00158696-00159071 right where is the plant study and what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00668-00159072-00159359 is fascinating about this was we we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00669-00159360-00159563 literally asked people very simple
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00670-00159564-00159904 question of the plant is to the left or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00671-00159905-00160061 to the right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00672-00160062-00160276 showing them four different pictures the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00673-00160277-00160487 plant is to the left to the right and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00674-00160488-00160747 you'll notice that in the congruent
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00675-00160748-00161087 situations where our perspective the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00676-00161088-00161249 root perspective of the of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00677-00161250-00161689 participant was aligned with the images
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00678-00161690-00161995 perspective they got it right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00679-00161996-00162293 significantly more uh a third of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00680-00162294-00162425 time more often
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00681-00162426-00162676 yeah so just the fact that their
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00682-00162677-00162940 perspective was out of alignment with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00683-00162941-00163223 the perspective of the image decreased
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00684-00163224-00163721 the uh the answer choices uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00685-00163722-00163943 pretty significantly well and I would
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00686-00163944-00164171 have to say that's that's true not just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00687-00164172-00164428 of physical perspective types of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00688-00164429-00164585 questions but just any time we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00689-00164586-00164819 talking about perspective right those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00690-00164820-00165023 differences make it hardest harder for
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00691-00165024-00165202 us to see the other person's perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00692-00165203-00165419 you think about politics and those kinds
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00693-00165420-00165623 of things yeah another way of saying
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00694-00165624-00165802 this is uh it's easy to agree with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00695-00165803-00166145 people when they agree with you yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00696-00166146-00166649 would you say that's uh uh uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00697-00166650-00166828 how to say there's sort of less energy
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00698-00166829-00167159 for them to to change perspective is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00699-00167160-00167321 that is that kind of it just takes more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00700-00167322-00167561 effort so just more cognitive effort
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00701-00167562-00167866 that's right exactly yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00702-00167867-00167993 and just think about how many times
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00703-00167994-00168149 you've been in a conversation when
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00704-00168150-00168347 somebody says to you I don't think you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00705-00168348-00168557 see my perspective but what they really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00706-00168558-00168737 mean is you're not agreeing with my
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00707-00168738-00168976 perspective right so we conflate those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00708-00168977-00169181 two very often in our in our
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00709-00169182-00169366 communication not our communication but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00710-00169367-00169739 in communication generally
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00711-00169740-00169913 yeah that actually raises a question
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00712-00169914-00170128 that another question I wanted to ask
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00713-00170129-00170231 kind of the difference between
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00714-00170232-00170519 perspective and then filling in say gaps
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00715-00170520-00170801 in a map you know in a model right so if
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00716-00170802-00170963 I go to the doctor and I say you know I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00717-00170964-00171161 have a sore foot right yeah that's my
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00718-00171162-00171352 perspective my foot is sore she may
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00719-00171353-00171514 respond with something technical you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00720-00171515-00171709 know she might say I have uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00721-00171710-00171928 metatarsalajia you know which is a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00722-00171929-00172097 soreness in the foot from a doctor's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00723-00172098-00172343 perspective and so is she does she have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00724-00172344-00172493 a different I mean she obviously has a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00725-00172494-00172613 different perspective because she's a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00726-00172614-00172751 different person but is she sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00727-00172752-00173045 filling in information in my model by
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00728-00173046-00173339 teaching me this this technical name or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00729-00173340-00173614 is she you know changing my perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00730-00173615-00173945 or as you talked before dsrp are kind of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00731-00173946-00174131 always interrelated
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00732-00174132-00174251 um so how do you how do you sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00733-00174252-00174401 untangle that because I think like Laura
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00734-00174402-00174623 just said a lot of times people sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00735-00174624-00174743 think oh I have to take their
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00736-00174744-00174904 perspective or you know I have to agree
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00737-00174905-00175097 with them or whatever to to move forward
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00738-00175098-00175247 in a conversation or something like that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00739-00175248-00175373 so how do you kind of untangle
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00740-00175374-00175613 perspective from the other elements or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00741-00175614-00175925 not yeah a fantastic question
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00742-00175926-00176009 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00743-00176010-00176345 I hope this makes some sense but we I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00744-00176346-00176573 often hear when you're in a debate about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00745-00176574-00176752 something especially like a scientific
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00746-00176753-00177004 debate that uh or or you know politics
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00747-00177005-00177238 or whatever that that oh well that's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00748-00177239-00177538 just semantic well so what does that's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00749-00177539-00177761 just semantic mean that's just semantic
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00750-00177762-00177952 means that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00751-00177953-00178181 um we're saying the same thing but we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00752-00178182-00178366 using different words so in other words
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00753-00178367-00178583 like if I'm speaking English and Mark is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00754-00178584-00178876 speaking French then all we have all we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00755-00178877-00179135 need to to kind of understand each other
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00756-00179136-00179393 is a translatory device to translate
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00757-00179394-00179578 English into French or French into
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00758-00179579-00179752 English right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00759-00179753-00180173 um that's semantics but but if we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00760-00180174-00180395 actually disagreed and both of us are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00761-00180396-00180616 speaking say English
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00762-00180617-00180845 um the way to tell that the way to tell
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00763-00180846-00181066 whether it's semantics or something
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00764-00181067-00181295 different is to look at kind of your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00765-00181296-00181516 mental model so if you use the word foot
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00766-00181517-00181721 pain and she uses the word I forgot the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00767-00181722-00181990 word you use but some medical term that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00768-00181991-00182188 my might be semantic you might literally
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00769-00182189-00182447 have the same model but if you look at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00770-00182448-00182681 the parts and how they're related her
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00771-00182682-00182885 model might be you might presume that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00772-00182886-00183071 her model is more sophisticated than
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00773-00183072-00183340 yours and yours is is quite a bit more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00774-00183341-00183575 simpler but also more personal and more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00775-00183576-00183833 pragmatic to your particular pain and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00776-00183834-00184043 things like that so you'd have to in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00777-00184044-00184193 order to know whether that was just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00778-00184194-00184499 semantics or not you'd have to delve
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00779-00184500-00184690 into that person's the both people's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00780-00184691-00184954 mental models and if those mental models
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00781-00184955-00185135 completely overlap
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00782-00185136-00185404 it structurally and there's one to one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00783-00185405-00185687 differences in wording then that truly
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00784-00185688-00185957 is semantic but otherwise it's not it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00785-00185958-00186214 meaningfully different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00786-00186215-00186425 very interesting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00787-00186426-00186514 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00788-00186515-00186833 so Linda just asked the question which I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00789-00186834-00187073 is is really related to this or made a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00790-00187074-00187264 statement but I want to see she said um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00791-00187265-00187457 the distinctions we make inform our
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00792-00187458-00187678 perspectives and we all make our own
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00793-00187679-00187925 distinctions
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00794-00187926-00188231 um one way I look at that is actually
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00795-00188232-00188501 you you could agree on distinctions
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00796-00188502-00188723 right like yes like the parts of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00797-00188724-00188914 foot you know we could agree on the way
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00798-00188915-00189113 we want to break down you know the parts
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00799-00189114-00189340 of the foot and we could both agree on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00800-00189341-00189604 that so is is it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00801-00189605-00189828 true that people
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00802-00189829-00190252 can sort of agree on distinctions or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00803-00190253-00190487 um or is there always sort of a slightly
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00804-00190488-00190637 different flavor there and I hope I'm
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00805-00190638-00190804 doing Justice to your to your question
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00806-00190805-00191159 Linda or statement
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00807-00191160-00191464 I think I'm not sure I know that quite I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00808-00191465-00191638 think what you're saying is yes they can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00809-00191639-00191843 we can come to the same distinctions
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00810-00191844-00192119 from different perspectives right but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00811-00192120-00192395 that's clearly a function of being able
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00812-00192396-00192647 to articulate what that distinction is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00813-00192648-00192940 at a maybe at another level of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00814-00192941-00193193 specificity
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00815-00193194-00193421 um and from a science from kind of a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00816-00193422-00193583 scientific perspective what this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00817-00193584-00193799 research is showing is that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00818-00193800-00194057 the those any distinction we make
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00819-00194058-00194243 literally if we make the the distinction
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00820-00194244-00194561 dog and everybody here conceptualizes
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00821-00194562-00194807 what that word means as soon as I say it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00822-00194808-00195131 dog and and and the question is do we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00823-00195132-00195335 have the same distinction and the answer
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00824-00195336-00195593 is no we don't none of us have the same
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00825-00195594-00195845 distinction of dog but what we do have
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00826-00195846-00196066 and and these various research studies
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00827-00196067-00196319 is about 28 of them that we did in all
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00828-00196320-00196516 these different papers this is just nine
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00829-00196517-00196625 of them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00830-00196626-00196852 um what they show is that every
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00831-00196853-00197063 distinction is actually like a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00832-00197064-00197357 statistical Cloud so there's a center to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00833-00197358-00197597 that cloud and we and you know like it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00834-00197598-00197764 almost like if we all shot at the same
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00835-00197765-00198011 Target we wouldn't exactly hit in the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00836-00198012-00198359 same hole right but we would hit in a in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00837-00198360-00198731 a in a cloud around that Target so every
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00838-00198732-00198943 distinction is really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00839-00198944-00199283 scientifically a statistical cloud
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00840-00199284-00199697 of centeredness and and where that cloud
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00841-00199698-00199913 exists is where the distinction exists
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00842-00199914-00200135 but you and I don't actually share the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00843-00200136-00200440 same distinction for the most simplest
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00844-00200441-00200723 and everyday things never mind things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00845-00200724-00200945 that you know are that could be debated
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00846-00200946-00201190 things like what is a you know what is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00847-00201191-00201454 coffee or what is you know bread or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00848-00201455-00201688 something like that uh even those things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00849-00201689-00201899 we have different technically different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00850-00201900-00202090 distinctions but they're in the same
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00851-00202091-00202319 relative cloud and that's what allows us
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00852-00202320-00202631 to sort of like carry on in life
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00853-00202632-00202913 so in in building model to carry that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00854-00202914-00203081 theory on then that's that's a really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00855-00203082-00203363 good kind of uh visual like if the cloud
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00856-00203364-00203554 the bigger the cloud is or if there's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00857-00203555-00203716 two clouds that are just overlapping
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00858-00203717-00204031 that's when your model is broken
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00859-00204032-00204293 it seems like your goal and like in an
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00860-00204294-00204454 organization to develop a shared model
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00861-00204455-00204616 or whatnot is basically to make that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00862-00204617-00204790 cloud as small as possible so we're all
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00863-00204791-00204898 thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00864-00204900-00205132 you know hunting dogs or something like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00865-00205133-00205421 that is is the subset even though we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00866-00205421-00205516 all still going to have a little bit
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00867-00205517-00205727 different flavor of that does that make
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00868-00205728-00206051 sense yeah you want that that spread
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00869-00206052-00206314 pattern to be as tight as possible the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00870-00206315-00206603 tighter it is the more kind of the more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00871-00206604-00206975 you're communicating uh quickly it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00872-00206976-00207173 interesting yeah I can imagine like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00873-00207173-00207353 words like perspective or sustainability
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00874-00207354-00207496 or things like that I mean the cloud
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00875-00207498-00207653 would be enormous because people would
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00876-00207654-00207929 take those all in all directions really
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00877-00207930-00208114 interesting or what's good for American
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00878-00208115-00208546 democracy today right I mean you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00879-00208548-00208769 putting it in our common day terms I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00880-00208769-00208942 mean the reason that we're having so
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00881-00208944-00209105 many difficulties in our country right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00882-00209106-00209429 now is because the answer to that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00883-00209430-00209753 is so diverse that it is like probably
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00884-00209754-00209989 six or seven different clouds
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00885-00209990-00210310 and you know whereas in a you know in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00886-00210311-00210544 the past perhaps it it was much more of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00887-00210546-00210660 a um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00888-00210661-00211025 uh much more of a singular a singularity
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00889-00211026-00211210 or something like that so we can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00890-00211211-00211481 actually see this in networks analyzes
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00891-00211482-00211679 of Congress and the voting patterns of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00892-00211680-00211919 Congress that Congress used to vote kind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00893-00211919-00212201 of like this now they vote like this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00894-00212202-00212375 yeah they're separated yeah they're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00895-00212376-00212556 completely separated yeah yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00896-00212557-00212981 fascinating yeah yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00897-00212982-00213287 um so that's um I had a question and uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00898-00213288-00213508 Robert asked a really similar question
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00899-00213509-00213760 so this is more about um you know how we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00900-00213761-00214025 can apply this and our work and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00901-00214026-00214146 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00902-00214148-00214565 both how Robert asked how you can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00903-00214566-00214805 um explore the point and view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00904-00214806-00214979 relationship you know further in general
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00905-00214980-00215255 situations and sort of the add-on I'll
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00906-00215256-00215434 do that is you know what have you seen
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00907-00215435-00215584 in your Consulting and working with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00908-00215585-00215765 different folks on on models and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00909-00215766-00215963 building perspectives that's you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00910-00215964-00216269 really most useful like how what are the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00911-00216269-00216575 ways to uh what you know the shortcuts
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00912-00216576-00216965 to really useful valuable ways to um to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00913-00216966-00217319 apply this idea in real situations
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00914-00217319-00217660 I think I think really you know I one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00915-00217661-00217823 thing that the reason it's called
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00916-00217823-00218015 systems thinking daily is we want to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00917-00218016-00218201 really start to think of these things in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00918-00218202-00218423 the micro like in the small things we're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00919-00218423-00218765 doing every day right so you know if
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00920-00218766-00219155 you're constantly uh pushing yourself to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00921-00219156-00219473 see things like the perspectives in your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00922-00219473-00219641 interpersonal Communications on a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00923-00219642-00219839 day-to-day basis and always reminding
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00924-00219840-00220096 yourself that your perspective is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00925-00220098-00220342 different than others and questioning
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00926-00220344-00220631 what do they see right I know what I see
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00927-00220632-00220787 what do they see and trying to figure
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00928-00220788-00220937 out what the differences are and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00929-00220938-00221182 sometimes those differences land in a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00930-00221183-00221453 place where there's a just there's a a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00931-00221454-00221651 distinction that we are thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00932-00221652-00221837 different things but using the same word
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00933-00221838-00222106 and identifying those kinds of mistakes
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00934-00222107-00222281 between and among our communication
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00935-00222282-00222491 patterns that's how point you can help
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00936-00222492-00222767 with that I would also say when you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00937-00222767-00222929 thinking about or starting to think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00938-00222930-00223042 about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00939-00223044-00223391 any kind of system or a problem remind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00940-00223392-00223606 yourself you know that there are many
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00941-00223607-00223781 different ways to frame it many
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00942-00223782-00223919 different ways to think about it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00943-00223919-00224063 challenge yourself to take different
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00944-00224064-00224267 perspectives and as you were talking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00945-00224267-00224434 about Matt like conceptual perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00946-00224435-00224698 right so you know it's one thing to take
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00947-00224700-00224891 the perspectives of all the things with
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00948-00224892-00225065 eyeballs inside of the system but what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00949-00225066-00225298 about a perspective of sustainability or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00950-00225300-00225551 a nature-based solution or cutting the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00951-00225552-00225892 cost or reducing division in groups
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00952-00225894-00226181 those things can all change and alter
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00953-00226182-00226337 the way that you're seeing that system
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00954-00226338-00226577 and also to challenge you to say like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00955-00226578-00226823 okay the person next to me is an expert
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00956-00226823-00226956 in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00957-00226957-00227225 economics what's that person's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00958-00227226-00227405 perspective on my problem the person
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00959-00227406-00227615 next to me is an expert in knitting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00960-00227616-00227794 what's their perspective on my problem
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00961-00227796-00228058 and and sort of getting fluid with that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00962-00228059-00228323 that interrogation I would say of your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00963-00228323-00228503 mental models and also thinking about it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00964-00228504-00228673 in your day-to-day life
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00965-00228673-00228965 that's what I would say absolutely what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00966-00228966-00229265 would you say same thing for me yes same
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00967-00229266-00229546 thing I think what what I what I think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00968-00229548-00229823 is remarkable about the the results of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00969-00229823-00230110 This research is is really that it kind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00970-00230111-00230225 of tells you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00971-00230226-00230291 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00972-00230292-00230555 it kind of tells you like four basic
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00973-00230556-00230879 things right the the first is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00974-00230880-00230969 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00975-00230969-00231160 one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00976-00231161-00231394 that we're getting away in systems
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00977-00231396-00231748 thinking from kind of what the the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00978-00231750-00231971 general field has done which is like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00979-00231971-00232265 everybody's opinion Frameworks right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00980-00232266-00232553 everybody's got an opinion about what
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00981-00232554-00232727 what systems thinking is which
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00982-00232728-00232996 ironically is like perspectival right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00983-00232998-00233171 and we're getting to something a little
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00984-00233171-00233471 bit more empirical about what systems
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00985-00233471-00233741 thinking is number number one number two
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00986-00233742-00234203 is this research really strikes at the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00987-00234204-00234544 existence of perspective in the real
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00988-00234546-00235031 world in nature and the um and the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00989-00235032-00235313 existence in in nature but also in mind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00990-00235314-00235648 so the studies are designed to isolate
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00991-00235650-00235931 this variable and also this variable and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00992-00235932-00236177 then also the effectiveness like if if
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00993-00236178-00236458 you know about perspective point and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00994-00236459-00236801 view will it increase your Effectiveness
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00995-00236802-00237094 and we got really good results on all of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00996-00237096-00237341 those areas and the third thing that I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00997-00237342-00237605 would say is uh and this goes along the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00998-00237606-00237958 lines of existence is it would
+rIO3iHQWF-g-00999-00237959-00238241 if we isolate the point and the view as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01000-00238242-00238415 variables and the relationship between
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01001-00238416-00238546 them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01002-00238548-00238858 then we can use those to know more about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01003-00238859-00239177 the world right we can we can use those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01004-00239178-00239381 variables because we always know in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01005-00239382-00239596 every situation that there's going to be
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01006-00239598-00239831 a point and a view variable and a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01007-00239832-00240065 relationship between them and that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01008-00240066-00240232 relationship is critically important and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01009-00240233-00240551 was tested in this research because you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01010-00240552-00240767 can ask yourself okay so if this is like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01011-00240767-00240971 what's this is the view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01012-00240971-00241234 it's the same view I'm looking at but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01013-00241235-00241403 the point really sees that view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01014-00241404-00241546 differently
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01015-00241548-00241775 what is it about the way that that point
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01016-00241776-00242110 relates to that view that leads to such
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01017-00242111-00242284 a different perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01018-00242285-00242525 so that leads to a deep empathy and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01019-00242526-00242746 understanding so ironically it's the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01020-00242748-00242992 relationship between them uh that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01021-00242994-00243227 variable that's critically important and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01022-00243228-00243365 the fourth thing that these studies
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01023-00243366-00243682 really point out is that if relationship
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01024-00243683-00244025 is a perspective is uh this Dynamic
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01025-00244026-00244282 relationship between point and view
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01026-00244283-00244691 that that thing is codependent on three
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01027-00244692-00244894 other things and those three other
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01028-00244896-00245003 things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01029-00245004-00245263 are d s and r
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01030-00245264-00245615 codependent meaning this thing uh who
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01031-00245616-00245873 said it earlier Linda said also that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01032-00245873-00246192 could be near oh no not no no
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01033-00246194-00246581 it was uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01034-00246582-00246881 who said something
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01035-00246882-00247139 the distinctions we make inform our
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01036-00247140-00247313 perspectives and we all make our own
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01037-00247314-00247637 distinctions that's true but it's only
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01038-00247638-00247894 half true because the dis the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01039-00247896-00248063 perspectives we make
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01040-00248064-00248410 affect our the distinctions we make and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01041-00248411-00248663 if you make a new distinction it can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01042-00248664-00248884 also alter your perspective and vice
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01043-00248885-00249175 versa so these two things are
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01044-00249176-00249442 codependent we we call that codependent
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01045-00249444-00249701 they're they're interdependent on each
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01046-00249702-00249982 other and to me those four things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01047-00249983-00250223 are what I would pull out of this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01048-00250223-00250456 research
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01049-00250457-00250684 yeah I love the the last one one of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01050-00250685-00250919 the things that I think I see a lot in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01051-00250919-00251219 in um the students I work with is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01052-00251219-00251375 you know they do their map and they feel
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01053-00251376-00251596 like it's done and to get this sense of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01054-00251598-00251915 the iterative process right that you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01055-00251916-00252106 continually you know everything you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01056-00252107-00252292 learn any little change you make to your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01057-00252294-00252605 your map and the dsrp changes or could
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01058-00252606-00252796 change everything else and so to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01059-00252798-00252941 continually kind of work through and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01060-00252942-00253229 make it smarter and smarter is uh being
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01061-00253230-00253373 sort of curious about that is probably
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01062-00253373-00253582 one of the most powerful
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01063-00253583-00253732 um things to be a good good system
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01064-00253733-00253991 thinker it seems to me and we we Matt
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01065-00253992-00254146 along those lines we've all had that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01066-00254148-00254303 experience or I think we all have of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01067-00254304-00254525 like we have a map and then all of a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01068-00254526-00254746 sudden some new thing comes to our mind
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01069-00254748-00255046 some new distinction and then as soon as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01070-00255048-00255389 that one distinction is added to a map
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01071-00255390-00255673 of 20 or 30 things or a hundred things
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01072-00255673-00255958 it causes you to take a perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01073-00255959-00256217 that's different and completely redo the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01074-00256217-00256498 map so that's the power of that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01075-00256500-00256853 interdependency is a new distinction can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01076-00256854-00257213 can Cascade your perspective and a new
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01077-00257214-00257387 perspective can Cascade your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01078-00257388-00257579 distinctions and your systems and your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01079-00257580-00257848 relationships so it really is very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01080-00257850-00258058 Dynamic what the brain is doing and it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01081-00258059-00258215 and it and if you understand those
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01082-00258216-00258455 Dynamics and the simple rules it doesn't
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01083-00258456-00258694 have to be complicated it's actually
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01084-00258696-00259006 quite simple but that's also why it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01085-00259007-00259210 very useful to use perspective as a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01086-00259211-00259487 limiting and expanding factor in your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01087-00259488-00259739 Maps right so the framing and stopping
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01088-00259740-00260021 like any framing or stuff any fropping
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01089-00260021-00260284 rule is in fact a perspective which is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01090-00260285-00260687 meant to help reduce that sort of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01091-00260688-00260939 massive complexity and those massive
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01092-00260940-00261125 Maps you could create and get them to be
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01093-00261126-00261310 a little more focused I would actually I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01094-00261311-00261503 would actually add that as a fifth
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01095-00261504-00261815 takeaway is the there you go a lot of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01096-00261816-00262006 people think that perspective always
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01097-00262007-00262289 expands your analysis yeah but
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01098-00262290-00262582 perspective can constrict your analysis
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01099-00262583-00262889 Focus right it can constrict your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01100-00262890-00263039 analysis and that's what Framing and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01101-00263040-00263182 stopping rules are all about you say
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01102-00263183-00263327 let's just look at this from the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01103-00263328-00263579 perspective of cutting 28 million
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01104-00263580-00263801 dollars from our budget well that's a a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01105-00263802-00263969 super limiting perspective that's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01106-00263970-00264269 narrowing your analysis or your thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01107-00264270-00264473 whereas you could say let's get
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01108-00264474-00264677 everybody's opinion on this well that's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01109-00264678-00265043 going to expand your thinking and it's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01110-00265044-00265277 it's not good or bad it's we do
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01111-00265278-00265451 different things in different contexts
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01112-00265452-00265787 for different reasons and your brain can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01113-00265788-00266003 can do all of it it's just a kind of a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01114-00266004-00266201 remarkable little device that we have in
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01115-00266202-00266339 this
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01116-00266340-00266621 hard thing up here but that's also a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01117-00266622-00266806 mismatch a lot of work in business right
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01118-00266807-00267053 they they don't do that control of that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01119-00267054-00267251 perspective and so they're asking you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01120-00267252-00267377 know feedback from everybody on
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01121-00267378-00267545 everything when all they care about is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01122-00267546-00267749 that budget and specific changes to that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01123-00267750-00268013 budget so that's an opportunity to make
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01124-00268014-00268253 models a lot cleaner and make work a lot
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01125-00268254-00268421 more efficient it seems like and and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01126-00268422-00268793 problem solving to uh to do that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01127-00268794-00269003 um so we're close on time I have one
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01128-00269004-00269267 more super quick question what we might
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01129-00269268-00269465 do I wanted to be sensitive folks time
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01130-00269466-00269699 is sort of stop at 10 15 if people want
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01131-00269700-00270017 to stay for the perspective uh challenge
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01132-00270018-00270305 uh you can but also though I understand
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01133-00270306-00270499 people may have constrained their time
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01134-00270500-00270779 uh to 45 minutes so the last thing I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01135-00270780-00271055 just want to ask is would you recommend
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01136-00271056-00271247 you know when we work with our teams at
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01137-00271248-00271463 work or our families or or whatever
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01138-00271464-00271625 should we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01139-00271626-00271693 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01140-00271694-00272021 uh teach point in view you know show
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01141-00272022-00272201 whatever the point in the view and you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01142-00272202-00272405 know spend a minute sort of Orient thing
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01143-00272406-00272608 to what a perspective is is that uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01144-00272609-00272729 useful I know you've done that in your
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01145-00272730-00273058 research and has big uh benefit it seems
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01146-00273059-00273419 like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01147-00273420-00273671 um sorry say that one more time should
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01148-00273672-00273797 we teach your point and you know should
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01149-00273798-00273989 we spend a minute before our meeting you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01150-00273990-00274151 know a problem solving meeting or
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01151-00274152-00274330 something else teaching Point interview
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01152-00274331-00274487 you know drawing the equation and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01153-00274488-00274679 describing it in in a minute is that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01154-00274680-00274805 helpful
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01155-00274806-00274997 I think it's I think it's helpful I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01156-00274998-00275195 think actually What's
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01157-00275196-00275441 um what might be actually as helpful is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01158-00275442-00275782 to really take a moment to have each
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01159-00275783-00276029 each person involved in that Collective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01160-00276030-00276258 activity to articulate their perspective
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01161-00276259-00276587 and then to try to identify where there
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01162-00276588-00276821 are gaps so that as you're starting to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01163-00276822-00277006 work through something you can start to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01164-00277007-00277145 see where the distinctions could
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01165-00277146-00277330 predictably be different what the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01166-00277331-00277558 relationships that are seen or not seen
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01167-00277559-00277775 where those differences could be based
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01168-00277776-00278099 on those perspectives so I mean I think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01169-00278100-00278321 when you when we teach I'll be honest
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01170-00278322-00278530 when we teach people that perspective is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01171-00278531-00278734 a relationship between point of view it
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01172-00278735-00278867 actually takes a little while for them
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01173-00278868-00279089 to get used to that idea that it's a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01174-00279090-00279287 relationship between them and then we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01175-00279288-00279430 start giving them examples of like
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01176-00279431-00279701 movies and networks and you know even
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01177-00279702-00280013 Zoom things uh but it's it's a hard
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01178-00280014-00280205 thing for people to sort of grasp
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01179-00280206-00280373 because we're and as I said in the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01180-00280374-00280553 beginning perspective to us we've grown
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01181-00280554-00280847 up with the word and we know we know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01182-00280848-00281219 what are you doing oh we know we always
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01183-00281220-00281501 think that perspective is like our point
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01184-00281502-00281687 and we have to really disabuse people of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01185-00281688-00281813 that and that takes a while because
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01186-00281814-00281969 we've grown up our whole life thinking
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01187-00281970-00282179 we have a perspective right because
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01188-00282180-00282437 that's it it's ours not correct all
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01189-00282438-00282532 right so we're going to do a brain
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01190-00282533-00282743 teaser teaser but I might have just
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01191-00282744-00282953 ruined the first one if if you're a
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01192-00282954-00283187 quick visual study so what do you think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01193-00283188-00283793 that is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01194-00283794-00284158 they're going to type a tip of a pen
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01195-00284159-00284521 pencil pencil or orange
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01196-00284522-00284951 okay well
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01197-00284952-00285205 so that's the answer that's what it is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01198-00285206-00285515 and then the next one what do you think
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01199-00285516-00286084 that is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01200-00286085-00286403 Ah that's interesting the pencil looked
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01201-00286404-00286649 like the beach
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01202-00286650-00286841 nice
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01203-00286842-00286999 look at that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01204-00287000-00287260 it's not a pepper
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01205-00287261-00287584 and what do you think that is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01206-00287585-00287782 that one's interesting
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01207-00287783-00288029 a stem a stem
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01208-00288030-00288473 other ideas yeah dinosaur bone dinosaur
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01209-00288474-00288682 bone yeah
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01210-00288683-00288832 nice
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01211-00288833-00289067 so this is just a little exercise that
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01212-00289068-00289325 that we play around with um it's amazing
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01213-00289326-00289649 what what little cues that come into
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01214-00289650-00289871 play the more parts you have of the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01215-00289872-00290256 thing you get more um uh
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01216-00290257-00290501 understanding of what it is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01217-00290502-00290591 um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01218-00290592-00290753 right and the point is you know you're
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01219-00290754-00290987 all looking at the same thing and you
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01220-00290988-00291371 are seeing similar
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01221-00291372-00291587 you know when I first saw the stem I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01222-00291588-00291737 thought it was some sort of fuzzy worm
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01223-00291738-00291905 because I don't know it was in the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01224-00291906-00292115 context of something else and I mean
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01225-00292116-00292265 it's just fascinating this is what we do
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01226-00292266-00292480 with groups with our students you know
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01227-00292481-00292630 to really get them to understand that we
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01228-00292631-00292817 can all be looking at the same thing and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01229-00292818-00292967 have completely different perspectives
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01230-00292968-00293129 on it and how it changes the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01231-00293130-00293291 distinctions we make and those kinds of
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01232-00293292-00293687 things you know exactly very good over
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01233-00293688-00293897 that um I just want to thank Derek and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01234-00293898-00294125 Laura for spending time with us I I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01235-00294126-00294341 learned a lot again and I will continue
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01236-00294342-00294455 to we could probably talk about
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01237-00294456-00294713 perspectives uh every every week and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01238-00294714-00294965 still Explore More
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01239-00294966-00295115 um thanks everybody for joining I
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01240-00295116-00295282 appreciate there's great questions and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01241-00295283-00295625 also uh some good chat uh going on as
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01242-00295626-00295889 well so really appreciate that I hope
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01243-00295890-00296110 you'll join us our next session is
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01244-00296111-00296351 November 3rd which is about part whole
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01245-00296352-00296621 systems uh which is a thing that maybe
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01246-00296622-00296843 you know it's a little more
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01247-00296844-00297173 um sort of uh familiar maybe in ways
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01248-00297174-00297329 than perspective but also super
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01249-00297330-00297575 important into mapping and can be pretty
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01250-00297576-00297784 fun to to dig into the research and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01251-00297785-00298043 understand how we organize things and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01252-00298044-00298384 think about part whole systems so um
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01253-00298385-00298613 with that and again feel free to carry
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01254-00298614-00298756 on a conversation if you have further
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01255-00298757-00298937 questions and want to post them in the
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01256-00298938-00299195 systems thinking daily uh chats and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01257-00299196-00299453 whatnot uh definitely do that and we can
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01258-00299454-00299584 all sort of continue this conversation
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01259-00299585-00299908 as well yeah so with that thank you very
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01260-00299909-00300095 much good to see some new faces and
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01261-00300096-00300334 we'll see you in the community good to
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01262-00300335-00301951 see you all thanks everybody
+rIO3iHQWF-g-01263-00301952-00302348 and bye Scott
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00000-00000105-00001100 [Music]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00001-00001101-00001433 [Applause]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00002-00001434-00001710 [Music]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00003-00001711-00001863 hello everyone
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00004-00001864-00002191 i would like to welcome you all to this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00005-00002192-00002302 lecture of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00006-00002303-00002639 today first we will
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00007-00002640-00002950 look at what we did last time in a very
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00008-00002951-00003023 brief
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00009-00003024-00003470 manner towards the end i introduced
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00010-00003471-00003927 the fleming tamau oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00011-00003928-00004327 and discussed the oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00012-00004328-00004735 of carbon silicon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00013-00004736-00005135 to the corresponding carbon o h bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00014-00005136-00005495 where we discussed the mechanism
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00015-00005496-00005886 of the flaming condition based
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00016-00005887-00006191 oxidation so what we had
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00017-00006192-00006823 discussed last time was
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00018-00006823-00007263 that if one has a substrate of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00019-00007264-00007655 this type where we have a phenyl ring
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00020-00007656-00008174 attached
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00021-00008175-00008567 and there are two groups which are
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00022-00008568-00008999 attached here and of course you have
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00023-00009000-00009383 the substrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00024-00009384-00009759 on which we have
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00025-00009760-00010063 say um
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00026-00010064-00010399 here we put it r one and this is the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00027-00010400-00010710 ah if we put it as r two here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00028-00010711-00011071 and ah this as r three then we have the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00029-00011072-00011246 asymmetric center here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00030-00011247-00011438 and what we discussed was that in the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00031-00011439-00011655 presence of potassium
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00032-00011656-00011974 bromide per acetic acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00033-00011975-00012374 like this ah and acetic acid as a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00034-00012375-00012574 solvent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00035-00012575-00012919 one can convert
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00036-00012919-00013247 the substrate to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00037-00013247-00013607 corresponding alcohol with the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00038-00013608-00013935 retention of the stereochemistry here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00039-00013936-00014330 what we did was was proto
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00040-00014331-00014799 desylation and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00041-00014800-00015119 we proceeded via
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00042-00015119-00015430 the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00043-00015431-00015766 halide which is present
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00044-00015768-00016247 on the ah silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00045-00016247-00016639 where you have the phenyl ring was
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00046-00016640-00016743 replaced
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00047-00016744-00017143 by x which is like a bromine
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00048-00017144-00017407 and then of course we went further so
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00049-00017408-00017519 there was
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00050-00017520-00017807 ah this conversion of this silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00051-00017808-00017894 substrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00052-00017895-00018255 to the corresponding silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00053-00018256-00018607 halide substrate and then we did the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00054-00018608-00018911 oxidation with the per acid here so
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00055-00018912-00019447 you had ch3 co3h
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00056-00019448-00019711 which underwent somewhat like bear
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00057-00019712-00019935 villager oxidation type of substrate and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00058-00019936-00020022 finally
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00059-00020023-00020335 ah basic workup followed by ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00060-00020336-00020630 protonation led to the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00061-00020631-00020711 alcohol
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00062-00020712-00021063 like this here so ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00063-00021064-00021439 we will see now how this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00064-00021440-00021758 two-step process can also be
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00065-00021759-00022086 done in a slightly different way and how
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00066-00022087-00022478 modifications have been done to get one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00067-00022479-00022919 step or one pot operation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00068-00022920-00023222 so this two part operation which
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00069-00023223-00023686 i showed where substrate of this kind
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00070-00023687-00024135 was reacted with the potassium bromide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00071-00024136-00024614 and ah for acetic acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00072-00024615-00024942 but one can also use ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00073-00024943-00025255 somewhat different reagent systems
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00074-00025256-00025591 such as of hbf4
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00075-00025592-00025999 ah chloroboric acid or bf3 etherate and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00076-00026000-00026143 acetic acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00077-00026144-00026551 combination and these
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00078-00026552-00026870 act as source of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00079-00026872-00027246 proton as well as f minus
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00080-00027247-00027607 as a nucleophile so instead of getting
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00081-00027608-00027943 ah what we saw last time instead of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00082-00027944-00028083 getting
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00083-00028083-00028543 ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00084-00028544-00029483 here instead of getting silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00085-00029483-00029607 and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00086-00029608-00029983 bromide what we go saw the last time
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00087-00029983-00030127 [Music]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00088-00030127-00030367 instead of bromide now what you will get
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00089-00030368-00030558 is a fluoride
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00090-00030560-00030958 because it hbf4 as well as bf3 acetic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00091-00030960-00031023 acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00092-00031024-00031351 is a source of f minus so
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00093-00031352-00031662 instead of getting this bromide one gets
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00094-00031663-00032023 fluoride and then one can use
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00095-00032024-00032327 in presence of any
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00096-00032327-00032590 pair acid such as metachloroprobenzoic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00097-00032591-00032702 acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00098-00032703-00033046 ah one can use triethylamine as a base
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00099-00033047-00033239 or potassium fluoride as a base
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00100-00033240-00033543 so one can then convert that
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00101-00033544-00033862 silicon fluoride based intermediate to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00102-00033863-00034046 the corresponding alcohol
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00103-00034047-00034271 similar to the mechanism that we
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00104-00034272-00034367 discussed
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00105-00034368-00034774 using bear available type of oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00106-00034775-00035111 now they also ah invented
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00107-00035112-00035399 a one part operation here in the one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00108-00035400-00035511 part operation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00109-00035512-00035679 what they have done is that they start
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00110-00035680-00035879 with the similar substrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00111-00035880-00036223 of the silicon type and now they use
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00112-00036224-00036559 say for example um mercuric
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00113-00036560-00036887 acetate as a reagent in
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00114-00036888-00037239 presence of ah para acetic acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00115-00037240-00037630 and acetic acid so r one can also use
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00116-00037631-00037935 bromine molecular bromine or potassium
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00117-00037936-00037999 bromide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00118-00038000-00038335 and for acetic acid also but it is a one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00119-00038336-00038374 step
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00120-00038375-00038655 operation that means the intermediate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00121-00038656-00038711 which is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00122-00038712-00039079 ah form ah like
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00123-00039080-00039399 like this which is going
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00124-00039400-00039735 to be say
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00125-00039736-00040190 somewhat like this the electrophile
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00126-00040191-00040527 attaches to this particular carbon atom
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00127-00040528-00040895 of the aromatic ring
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00128-00040896-00041158 and the positive charge is formed here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00129-00041159-00041318 now it is very clear
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00130-00041319-00041646 that this bond has to break and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00131-00041647-00041967 you regain the aromaticity
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00132-00041968-00042358 in the process this silicon is attached
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00133-00042359-00042711 by the the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00134-00042712-00042974 per acid then we one uses say for
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00135-00042975-00043151 example here you have
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00136-00043152-00043518 c h three c o three h
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00137-00043519-00043830 so your pi acid attacks onto this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00138-00043831-00044199 silicon in the same pot leading
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00139-00044200-00044535 to the the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00140-00044536-00044883 intermediate which is expected to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00141-00044884-00045239 undergo
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00142-00045240-00045558 the rearrangement of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00143-00045559-00046079 which i turn
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00144-00046080-00046374 which i termed as bear valiger type of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00145-00046375-00046558 oxidation so this is the substrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00146-00046559-00046871 that one can directly get ah under these
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00147-00046872-00046951 conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00148-00046952-00047207 where any electrophile such as mercury
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00149-00047208-00047295 plus or br
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00150-00047296-00047558 plus in the acetic acid and parasitic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00151-00047559-00047662 acid medium
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00152-00047663-00047911 can directly give this one so this is a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00153-00047912-00048015 an advantage
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00154-00048016-00048295 of using a one part operation rather
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00155-00048296-00048455 than isolating but then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00156-00048456-00048671 there are both the options which are
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00157-00048672-00048823 present uh
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00158-00048824-00049007 and can be utilized for both the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00159-00049008-00049358 protocols can be utilized
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00160-00049359-00049727 so as i said the electrophile
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00161-00049728-00050023 reacts with the benzene and now your
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00162-00050024-00050158 nucleophile
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00163-00050159-00050455 can directly attack on this one and in
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00164-00050456-00050758 this particular ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00165-00050759-00051102 x is not not a halide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00166-00051103-00051430 not bromide or ah any other ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00167-00051432-00051766 halide not bromide iron
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00168-00051767-00052094 or bromine but it is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00169-00052095-00052471 ah as i explained earlier that directly
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00170-00052472-00052815 the electrophile allows the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00171-00052816-00053282 acid the parasite to react to form this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00172-00053283-00053623 substrate and which undergoes oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00173-00053624-00053887 eventually to form the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00174-00053888-00054430 alcohol
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00175-00054432-00054703 now what is the evidence for retention
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00176-00054704-00054854 of stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00177-00054855-00055279 in tamao fleming oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00178-00055279-00055591 the evidence was provided by
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00179-00055591-00055815 a set of experiments that the mao
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00180-00055816-00055950 reported
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00181-00055951-00056223 what he did was he started with a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00182-00056224-00056294 silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00183-00056295-00056654 containing moiety like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00184-00056655-00057119 which is a bicyclic bridged molecule
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00185-00057120-00057542 in which he had the carbon silicon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00186-00057544-00057838 in an exo-oriented fashion of course
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00187-00057839-00058007 there will be substituents
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00188-00058008-00058535 as somehow used on silicon like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00189-00058536-00058766 then he carried out the oxidation under
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00190-00058767-00058854 his thermo
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00191-00058855-00059135 oxidation condition then what he
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00192-00059136-00059326 obtained was
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00193-00059327-00059607 the exo alcohol which was 100 percent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00194-00059608-00059815 exo
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00195-00059816-00059982 in a similar fashion reason when he
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00196-00059983-00060223 started with another molecule in which
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00197-00060224-00060599 the silicon now was end oriented
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00198-00060600-00061023 this particular compound had 95 percent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00199-00061024-00061430 uh silicon in endo orientation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00200-00061432-00061679 this particular molecule led to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00201-00061679-00061903 formation of the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00202-00061904-00062254 endo product again in 95 percent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00203-00062255-00062438 indicating that there is a hundred
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00204-00062439-00062782 percent retention of the stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00205-00062783-00062966 these set of experiments clearly
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00206-00062967-00063166 indicate that there is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00207-00063167-00063447 a retention of stereochemistry in
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00208-00063448-00063726 thermal flaming oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00209-00063727-00064023 now in the amount oxidation the more
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00210-00064024-00064215 reactive
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00211-00064216-00064566 fluoro or chlorocylenes are used
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00212-00064567-00064854 in which silicon is a stronger lewis
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00213-00064855-00064975 acid and shows
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00214-00064976-00065175 more metallic character than the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00215-00065176-00065287 substrates
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00216-00065288-00065519 used in the flaming oxidation so you
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00217-00065520-00065694 have a substrate like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00218-00065695-00065999 which is ah s i r
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00219-00066000-00066335 two x where x is chlorine
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00220-00066336-00066647 fluorine hydrogen or n r two
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00221-00066648-00066871 these are the substrates these are the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00222-00066872-00067119 groups which are used on silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00223-00067120-00067487 in while carrying out the tamao type of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00224-00067488-00067694 oxidation which i have not yet discussed
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00225-00067695-00067999 in detail but now we will do that
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00226-00068000-00068247 now further activation by a fluoride ion
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00227-00068248-00068543 then leads to a pentavalent intermediate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00228-00068544-00068903 which is able to bind hydrogen peroxide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00229-00068904-00069135 now it is something like this if one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00230-00069136-00069279 takes a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00231-00069280-00069567 silicon substrate which is having here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00232-00069568-00069647 shown as
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00233-00069648-00069950 three chlorines but one can also start
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00234-00069951-00070015 with
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00235-00070016-00070335 only one halogen
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00236-00070336-00070647 then the fluoride ion is attached ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00237-00070648-00071006 is reacted with which forms
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00238-00071007-00071350 a pentavalent intermediate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00239-00071351-00072023 this is a pentavalent intermediate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00240-00072024-00072271 and then hydrogen peroxide also react
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00241-00072272-00072335 with it
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00242-00072336-00072575 to form the hexavalent silicate ion so
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00243-00072576-00072655 it is a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00244-00072656-00073382 an example of hyper hypervalency
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00245-00073383-00073759 so one can start with a a tetravalent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00246-00073760-00074015 silicon going to pentavalent and then to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00247-00074016-00074206 hexavalent silicate ions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00248-00074207-00074503 and then there is a transfer of the r
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00249-00074504-00074591 group
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00250-00074592-00074894 which is what is supposedly a chiral
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00251-00074895-00075079 group if one starts with a chiral
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00252-00075080-00075199 substrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00253-00075200-00075582 to the corresponding oxygen which is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00254-00075583-00075838 attached to the silicon and then there
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00255-00075839-00076023 is a loss of o h minus
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00256-00076024-00076359 and we get an intermediate of this type
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00257-00076360-00076423 where
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00258-00076424-00076894 oxygen is now attached to the silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00259-00076895-00077262 and the r group has been transferred
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00260-00077263-00077526 onto the oxygen which is attached to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00261-00077527-00077615 silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00262-00077616-00077935 then of course one has the hydrolysis to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00263-00077936-00077991 form
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00264-00077992-00078350 the corresponding o h here so this is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00265-00078351-00078679 the tamao oxidation in which we
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00266-00078680-00078999 have a slightly different requirements
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00267-00079000-00079182 as far as the starting material is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00268-00079183-00079359 concerned and of course
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00269-00079360-00079782 one uses the fluoride ion
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00270-00079783-00080175 so if we start
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00271-00080176-00080679 with a substrate of this kind here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00272-00080680-00081143 for example where the carbon silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00273-00081144-00081526 bond has a well-defined stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00274-00081527-00081750 that is alpha orientation here with
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00275-00081751-00082071 of course fluoride attached to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00276-00082072-00082182 silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00277-00082183-00082406 and under thermo conditions which
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00278-00082407-00082526 utilizes
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00279-00082527-00082847 30 hydrogen peroxide potassium fluoride
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00280-00082848-00083118 and the basic conditions and using
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00281-00083119-00083367 methanol or water
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00282-00083368-00083718 as a solvent along with thf then one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00283-00083719-00083823 directly gets
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00284-00083824-00084103 the hydroxy compound with the retention
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00285-00084104-00084215 of stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00286-00084216-00084582 like this it has been shown
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00287-00084583-00084950 that in case when methanol is used as a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00288-00084951-00085167 solvent along with thf
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00289-00085168-00085406 then an intermediate of this kind where
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00290-00085407-00085782 or is nothing but o methyl
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00291-00085783-00086094 is obtained as an intermediate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00292-00086095-00086487 or when water thf is used as a solvent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00293-00086488-00086599 system then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00294-00086600-00087023 here oh group has been
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00295-00087024-00087343 observed to be present and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00296-00087344-00087655 this particular intermediate them
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00297-00087656-00087855 under the same condition leads to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00298-00087856-00088126 formation of this hydroxy compound
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00299-00088127-00088462 indicating that in these thermal type of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00300-00088463-00088815 oxidations these type of intermediates
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00301-00088816-00089231 are first formed in the case of flaming
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00302-00089232-00089415 type of conditions which is very
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00303-00089416-00089518 different from
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00304-00089519-00089767 the amount condition we of course have
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00305-00089768-00089862 to have a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00306-00089863-00090191 phenyl group here and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00307-00090192-00090415 we have now a well-defined
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00308-00090416-00090638 stereochemistry at this junction
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00309-00090639-00090975 where caliber and silicon bond is formed
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00310-00090976-00091167 and of course we have another well
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00311-00091168-00091375 defined stereochemistry at the adjacent
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00312-00091376-00091518 carbon atom
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00313-00091519-00091767 and under acidic conditions when the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00314-00091768-00091967 reaction is carried out
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00315-00091968-00092199 there is a retention of stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00316-00092200-00092375 of the hydroxyl group in the final
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00317-00092376-00092503 product
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00318-00092504-00092726 in a similar fashion irrespective of the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00319-00092727-00092974 stereochemistry of this particular
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00320-00092975-00093335 carbon uh carbon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00321-00093336-00093679 here if this is alpha oriented then of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00322-00093680-00093791 course
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00323-00093792-00094015 irrespective of the stereochemistry of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00324-00094016-00094223 this and this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00325-00094224-00094399 whatever is the stereochemistry of the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00326-00094400-00094631 carbon silicon bond that is what is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00327-00094632-00094879 translated into the final product
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00328-00094880-00095135 that means there is again retention of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00329-00095136-00095255 stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00330-00095256-00095455 so looking at these two examples it is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00331-00095456-00095582 very clear
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00332-00095583-00095847 that the stereochemistry on the next
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00333-00095848-00096047 carbon atom here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00334-00096048-00096271 doesn't have any influence on this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00335-00096272-00096567 stereochemistry of the final product
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00336-00096568-00096935 that is in the case of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00337-00096936-00097191 the more flaming oxidation there is a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00338-00097192-00097306 retention of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00339-00097307-00097703 stereochemistry in the final product
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00340-00097704-00097991 now there is a very interesting reaction
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00341-00097992-00098143 that we would like to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00342-00098144-00098447 look at it where this particular
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00343-00098448-00098599 organocylene
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00344-00098600-00098950 compound has been converted into a very
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00345-00098951-00099311 useful dihydroxyl molecule of this kind
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00346-00099312-00099471 which is a useful synthon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00347-00099472-00099718 in organic synthesis now this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00348-00099719-00099831 organocylene
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00349-00099832-00100111 molecule has been prepared by reacting
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00350-00100112-00100255 this hydroxy
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00351-00100256-00100535 compound with the chlorosilane of this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00352-00100536-00100782 type under basic condition
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00353-00100783-00101150 and then allowed to undergo
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00354-00101151-00101494 a thermolysis at 190 degrees
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00355-00101495-00101726 whereby this undergoes cleavage as i
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00356-00101727-00101862 have shown here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00357-00101863-00102111 to release this alpha beta unsaturated
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00358-00102112-00102231 aldehyde
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00359-00102232-00102542 and since there is already an olefin
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00360-00102543-00102830 present in the molecule uh this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00361-00102831-00102918 undergoes
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00362-00102919-00103230 a heterodile solder reaction because
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00363-00103231-00103502 we can consider this particular part as
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00364-00103503-00103599 a
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00365-00103600-00103934 heterodyne and since the diels-order
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00366-00103935-00103999 reaction
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00367-00104000-00104286 is a concerted process so this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00368-00104288-00104518 particular heterodisorder reaction leads
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00369-00104519-00104686 to the formation of this particular
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00370-00104688-00104854 bicyclic molecule
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00371-00104855-00105223 with well-defined zero chemistry at the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00372-00105224-00105351 newly generated
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00373-00105352-00105702 asymmetric center now uh
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00374-00105703-00106007 if we allow this uh bicyclic molecule
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00375-00106008-00106271 in which there is a carbon silicon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00376-00106272-00106527 with a well-defined stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00377-00106528-00106871 uh to undergo thermal meat based
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00378-00106872-00107158 oxidation under these conditions then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00379-00107159-00107383 carbon silicon bond which is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00380-00107383-00107607 beta oriented leads to the formation of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00381-00107608-00107783 a carbon hydroxy bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00382-00107783-00108039 which is also beta oriented that means
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00383-00108040-00108158 with the retention of the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00384-00108159-00108310 stereochemistry
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00385-00108311-00108575 and this oxygen silicon bond under these
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00386-00108576-00108647 conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00387-00108648-00108934 undergoes cleavage leading to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00388-00108935-00109286 formation of the corresponding diol
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00389-00109288-00109543 that means we have converted this very
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00390-00109544-00109783 interesting starting material
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00391-00109783-00110095 uh into a very highly useful
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00392-00110096-00110351 dihydroxy compound which is a useful
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00393-00110352-00110415 synthon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00394-00110416-00110695 in organic synthesis by utilizing two
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00395-00110696-00110766 reactions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00396-00110767-00111031 namely heterodial sort of reaction and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00397-00111032-00111247 the amount oxidation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00398-00111248-00111454 now if we take a substrate of this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00399-00111455-00111590 particular type
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00400-00111591-00111886 and if it is chiral molecule that means
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00401-00111888-00112127 optically pure molecule then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00402-00112128-00112390 here under the more oxidation conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00403-00112391-00112575 we can convert this into the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00404-00112576-00112878 corresponding alcohol which is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00405-00112879-00113134 optically pure because the starting
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00406-00113135-00113351 material is optically pure
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00407-00113352-00113502 and this particular starting material
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00408-00113503-00113678 can be prepared
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00409-00113679-00114054 from this olefin which is an aromatic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00410-00114055-00114551 alkene by enantioselective hydroxylation
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00411-00114552-00114751 a process that has been described in
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00412-00114752-00115086 this particular paper
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00413-00115088-00115302 now we have substrates of this type
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00414-00115303-00115510 alkynyl silence
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00415-00115511-00115831 which can under neutral or basic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00416-00115832-00115999 conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00417-00116000-00116486 which employ something like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00418-00116488-00116702 you have in neutral conditions hydrogen
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00419-00116703-00116854 peroxide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00420-00116855-00117295 then this kh f2 then you have dmf
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00421-00117296-00117623 at room temperature to 60 degrees
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00422-00117624-00117886 then you have a basic conditions under
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00423-00117888-00118166 which you use potassium bicarbonate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00424-00118167-00118486 and ah methanol at 60 degrees under
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00425-00118488-00118583 these conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00426-00118583-00119127 when a substrate of this type which has
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00427-00119128-00119486 one hydrogen present here leads to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00428-00119488-00119639 corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00429-00119640-00119807 aldehyde that means under these
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00430-00119808-00120023 conditions what is formed
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00431-00120024-00120478 is ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00432-00120479-00120854 something of this type
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00433-00120855-00121247 so this total alkenyl group is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00434-00121248-00121551 transfer to the oxygen and then of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00435-00121552-00121702 course you get an o h and which is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00436-00121703-00121783 nothing but
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00437-00121783-00122039 an aldehyde because this will come here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00438-00122040-00122183 and this will come here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00439-00122183-00122366 and it will form the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00440-00122367-00122623 aldehyde but under the acidic conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00441-00122624-00122758 if one takes ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00442-00122759-00123039 hydrogen peroxide ah city can hydrate
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00443-00123040-00123334 khf2 which is now an acidic condition
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00444-00123335-00123631 in these acidic conditions one ah then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00445-00123632-00123775 gets the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00446-00123776-00124143 acid so what is observed is that if the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00447-00124144-00124263 substituents
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00448-00124264-00124583 are like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00449-00124583-00124902 on the silicon then what is founded if
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00450-00124903-00125110 just two equivalents of oxidant
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00451-00125111-00125366 are used two equivalents of oxidant are
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00452-00125367-00125471 used
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00453-00125472-00125823 on compounds with ah this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00454-00125824-00126134 type of substitutions on silicon under
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00455-00126135-00126295 acidic conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00456-00126296-00126639 then only carboxylic acids are observed
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00457-00126640-00126990 to be formed it indicates that
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00458-00126991-00127310 alkynyl carbon silicon bond migrates
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00459-00127311-00127447 preferentially
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00460-00127448-00127702 so this is the migration this is the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00461-00127703-00127847 electronic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00462-00127848-00128239 silicon bond that migrates to the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00463-00128240-00128623 oxygen of the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00464-00128624-00128943 oxidizing agent like hydrogen peroxide
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00465-00128944-00129286 then that forms an intermediate of this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00466-00129288-00129399 kind
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00467-00129400-00129863 here the methyl silicon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00468-00129864-00130207 is not ah
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00469-00130208-00130534 transferred or does not migrate when the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00470-00130535-00130686 acid is used here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00471-00130688-00131023 the hydrolysis will give the aldehyde
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00472-00131024-00131414 by the same way as the earlier
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00473-00131415-00131775 and that forms the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00474-00131776-00131902 aldehyde
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00475-00131903-00132166 which again reacts with the oxidant to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00476-00132167-00132278 form
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00477-00132279-00132599 like parasit parasitic acid or or
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00478-00132600-00132878 or hydrogen peroxide is added in this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00479-00132879-00133047 one gets the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00480-00133048-00133511 the oxidation to the corresponding acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00481-00133512-00133854 so ah basically it indicates that under
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00482-00133855-00134014 acidic conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00483-00134015-00134278 you have a slightly different where you
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00484-00134279-00134327 have
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00485-00134328-00134647 the acetic anhydride that is used that
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00486-00134648-00134831 leads to the per acid here
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00487-00134832-00135054 and this is what the poor acid is and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00488-00135055-00135183 that undergoes
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00489-00135184-00135559 oxidation of this type to form
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00490-00135560-00135943 the acid so this alkynyl silence
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00491-00135944-00136351 are utilized to get to the corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00492-00136352-00136678 aldehydes or to the acids but of course
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00493-00136679-00136878 if one starts with
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00494-00136879-00137199 a substrate in which the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00495-00137200-00137478 there are two ah substitutions here this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00496-00137479-00137639 was mono substituted
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00497-00137640-00137878 and if it is a disubstituted then
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00498-00137879-00137975 obviously
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00499-00137976-00138683 you will get the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00500-00138684-00139063 the alcohol coming like this
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00501-00139064-00139319 where carbon silicon bond is replaced by
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00502-00139320-00139519 the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00503-00139520-00139743 ah when the carbon silicon bond is
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00504-00139744-00139943 replaced by the carbon oxygen bond and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00505-00139944-00139990 that
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00506-00139991-00140302 leads to the corresponding dicaton
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00507-00140303-00140519 so under these conditions it does not
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00508-00140520-00140607 matter
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00509-00140608-00140919 what conditions are used whether acidic
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00510-00140920-00141199 neutral or basic you can only get the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00511-00141200-00141359 corresponding
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00512-00141360-00141759 ketone on the other hand when the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00513-00141760-00142039 substrate is mono substituted mono
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00514-00142040-00142223 substituted in the sense that only one
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00515-00142224-00142375 substituent is present as
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00516-00142376-00142590 r here there are two substituents
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00517-00142591-00142814 present of course silicon will be common
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00518-00142815-00143095 in both the cases so in the case when
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00519-00143096-00143263 there is a mono substitution
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00520-00143264-00143502 one can get the possibility of getting
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00521-00143503-00143678 the corresponding acid
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00522-00143679-00144119 ah if ah the acidic conditions
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00523-00144120-00144478 are used so we will stop it
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00524-00144479-00144814 at this stage ah today's
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00525-00144815-00145143 lecture and we will take up
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00526-00145144-00145463 other oxidations ah in the next class
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00527-00145464-00145902 so what i discussed today was basically
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00528-00145903-00146239 this samoa fleming oxidations
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00529-00146240-00146631 mechanisms and their applications
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00530-00146632-00146951 in different types of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00531-00146952-00147335 conversions where you can convert
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00532-00147336-00147911 an enantioselective carbon silicon bond
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00533-00147912-00148263 or a chiral carbon silicon bond to
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00534-00148264-00148566 the corresponding chiral o h bond and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00535-00148567-00148663 therefore
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00536-00148664-00148966 you have a possibility of generating
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00537-00148967-00149271 chiral molecules without
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00538-00149272-00149759 any problem if you have a possibility of
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00539-00149760-00150143 making the chiral carbon silicon
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00540-00150144-00150599 substrates so you can go ahead and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00541-00150600-00151031 read the references that i gave or the
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00542-00151032-00151335 material that i discussed carefully and
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00543-00151336-00151414 we will take up
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00544-00151415-00153369 the other oxidations next time thank you
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00545-00153370-00154083 [Music]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00546-00154084-00154602 do
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00547-00154603-00154823 [Applause]
+rKn6S-OBVi4-00548-00154824-00155032 you
+rNahkL_BLeg-00000-00000023-00000316 Litha troughs are a diverse group of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00001-00000317-00000580 organisms using an organic substrate
+rNahkL_BLeg-00002-00000581-00000853 usually of mineral origin to obtain
+rNahkL_BLeg-00003-00000855-00001072 reducing equivalents for use in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00004-00001073-00001420 biosynthesis eg carbon dioxide fixation
+rNahkL_BLeg-00005-00001421-00001697 or energy conservation ie
+rNahkL_BLeg-00006-00001698-00001988 ATP production via aerobic or anaerobic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00007-00001989-00002408 respiration known chemoautotrophs are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00008-00002409-00002690 exclusively micro organisms no known
+rNahkL_BLeg-00009-00002691-00002966 macrofauna possesses the ability to use
+rNahkL_BLeg-00010-00002967-00003315 inorganic compounds as energy sources
+rNahkL_BLeg-00011-00003317-00003599 macrofauna and lithotripsy can form
+rNahkL_BLeg-00012-00003600-00003856 symbiotic relationships in which case
+rNahkL_BLeg-00013-00003857-00004151 the Litha tropes are called prokaryotic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00014-00004152-00004517 symbionts an example of this as kima
+rNahkL_BLeg-00015-00004518-00004751 with atrophic bacteria in giant
+rNahkL_BLeg-00016-00004752-00004970 tubeworms or plastics which are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00017-00004971-00005218 organelles within plant cells that may
+rNahkL_BLeg-00018-00005219-00005463 have evolved from photo lalitha trophic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00019-00005464-00005836 cyanobacteria like organisms lithotripsy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00020-00005837-00006131 long to either the domain bacteria or
+rNahkL_BLeg-00021-00006132-00006496 the domain Archaea the term Litha troph
+rNahkL_BLeg-00022-00006497-00006835 was created from the greek terms lithos
+rNahkL_BLeg-00023-00006836-00007202 rock and troph consumer meaning eaters
+rNahkL_BLeg-00024-00007203-00007517 of rock many little autotrophs are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00025-00007518-00007717 extremophiles but this is not
+rNahkL_BLeg-00026-00007718-00008081 universally cell different from a Litha
+rNahkL_BLeg-00027-00008081-00008363 troph as an organic roof an organism
+rNahkL_BLeg-00028-00008364-00008603 which obtains its reducing agents from
+rNahkL_BLeg-00029-00008604-00009383 the catabolism of organic compounds
+rNahkL_BLeg-00030-00009384-00009907 topic history
+rNahkL_BLeg-00031-00009908-00010426 the term was suggested in 1946 by L WOFF
+rNahkL_BLeg-00032-00010427-00011070 and collaborators
+rNahkL_BLeg-00033-00011071-00011621 topic biochemistry
+rNahkL_BLeg-00034-00011622-00011973 Litha tropes consume reduced inorganic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00035-00011974-00012642 compounds rich in electrons
+rNahkL_BLeg-00036-00012643-00013226 topic key Melissa troves
+rNahkL_BLeg-00037-00013227-00013481 akima lettuce roof named after the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00038-00013482-00013730 process of kemell athough trippy is able
+rNahkL_BLeg-00039-00013731-00014009 to use inorganic reduced compounds as a
+rNahkL_BLeg-00040-00014010-00014330 source of energy this process has
+rNahkL_BLeg-00041-00014331-00014609 accomplished through oxidation and ATP
+rNahkL_BLeg-00042-00014610-00014705 synthesis
+rNahkL_BLeg-00043-00014706-00014947 the majority of kimmel at the troughs
+rNahkL_BLeg-00044-00014949-00015266 are able to fix carbon dioxide co2
+rNahkL_BLeg-00045-00015266-00015506 through the calvin cycle a metabolic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00046-00015507-00015818 pathway in which carbon enters as co2
+rNahkL_BLeg-00047-00015819-00016178 and leaves as glucose this group of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00048-00016179-00016460 organisms includes sulfur oxidizers
+rNahkL_BLeg-00049-00016461-00016793 nitrifying bacteria iron oxidizers and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00050-00016794-00017291 hydrogen oxidizers the term chemo Litha
+rNahkL_BLeg-00051-00017292-00017651 trophy refers to a cell's acquisition of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00052-00017652-00017902 energy from the oxidation of inorganic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00053-00017903-00018247 compounds also known as electron donors
+rNahkL_BLeg-00054-00018248-00018593 this form of metabolism is believed to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00055-00018594-00018851 occur only in prokaryotes and was first
+rNahkL_BLeg-00056-00018852-00019157 characterized by microbiologist Sergey
+rNahkL_BLeg-00057-00019158-00019719 winogradsky
+rNahkL_BLeg-00058-00019720-00020355 topic habitat of key Melissa troves
+rNahkL_BLeg-00059-00020356-00020619 the survival of these bacteria is
+rNahkL_BLeg-00060-00020620-00020791 dependent on the physicochemical
+rNahkL_BLeg-00061-00020792-00021124 conditions of their environment although
+rNahkL_BLeg-00062-00021125-00021339 they are sensitive to certain factors
+rNahkL_BLeg-00063-00021340-00021613 such as quality of inorganic substrate
+rNahkL_BLeg-00064-00021614-00021819 they are able to thrive under some of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00065-00021820-00022063 the most inhospitable conditions in the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00066-00022064-00022375 world such as temperatures above 110
+rNahkL_BLeg-00067-00022376-00022683 degrees Celsius and below 2 P Co Henry's
+rNahkL_BLeg-00068-00022684-00023031 the most important requirement for chemo
+rNahkL_BLeg-00069-00023032-00023272 Litha tropic life as an abundant source
+rNahkL_BLeg-00070-00023273-00023602 of rich in organic compounds these
+rNahkL_BLeg-00071-00023603-00023758 compounds are crucial for
+rNahkL_BLeg-00072-00023759-00024000 chemoautotrophs because they provide a
+rNahkL_BLeg-00073-00024001-00024274 suitable energy source electron donor
+rNahkL_BLeg-00074-00024275-00024531 from which the microorganisms can fix
+rNahkL_BLeg-00075-00024532-00024831 co2 and produce the energy they need to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00076-00024832-00024915 survive
+rNahkL_BLeg-00077-00024916-00025236 since chemosynthesis can take place in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00078-00025237-00025471 the absence of sunlight these organisms
+rNahkL_BLeg-00079-00025472-00025734 are found mostly around hydrothermal
+rNahkL_BLeg-00080-00025735-00025956 vents and other locations rich in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00081-00025957-00026358 inorganic substrate the energy obtained
+rNahkL_BLeg-00082-00026359-00026605 from inorganic oxidation varies
+rNahkL_BLeg-00083-00026606-00026802 depending on the substrate and the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00084-00026803-00027171 reaction for example the oxidation of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00085-00027172-00027442 hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur
+rNahkL_BLeg-00086-00027443-00027774 produces far less energy 50.1
+rNahkL_BLeg-00087-00027775-00028132 kilocalories per mole or 210 point 4
+rNahkL_BLeg-00088-00028133-00028402 kilo joules per mole than the oxidation
+rNahkL_BLeg-00089-00028402-00028815 of elemental sulfur to sulfate 149 point
+rNahkL_BLeg-00090-00028816-00029176 eight kilo calories per mole or 629
+rNahkL_BLeg-00091-00029177-00029530 point two kilo joules per mole the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00092-00029531-00029787 majority of lithotripsy fix carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00093-00029788-00030027 dioxide through the calvin cycle an
+rNahkL_BLeg-00094-00030028-00030408 energetically expensive process for some
+rNahkL_BLeg-00095-00030409-00030667 substrates such as ferrous iron the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00096-00030668-00030898 cells must call through large amounts of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00097-00030899-00031164 inorganic substrate to secure just a
+rNahkL_BLeg-00098-00031165-00031492 small amount of energy this makes their
+rNahkL_BLeg-00099-00031493-00031750 metabolic process inefficient in many
+rNahkL_BLeg-00100-00031751-00032452 places and hinders them from thriving
+rNahkL_BLeg-00101-00032452-00033128 topic overview of the metabolic process
+rNahkL_BLeg-00102-00033129-00033428 there is a fairly large variation in the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00103-00033429-00033680 types of inorganic substrates that these
+rNahkL_BLeg-00104-00033681-00034030 microorganisms can use to produce energy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00105-00034031-00034301 sulfur as one of many inorganic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00106-00034302-00034526 substrates that can be utilized in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00107-00034527-00034772 different reduced forms depending on the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00108-00034773-00035027 specific biochemical process that a
+rNahkL_BLeg-00109-00035028-00035417 lithotripsy mala the troughs that are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00110-00035418-00035672 best documented are aerobic respires
+rNahkL_BLeg-00111-00035673-00035924 meaning that they use oxygen in their
+rNahkL_BLeg-00112-00035925-00036194 metabolic process the high
+rNahkL_BLeg-00113-00036195-00036434 electronegativity of oxygen and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00114-00036435-00036698 resulting large energy gains makes it
+rNahkL_BLeg-00115-00036699-00036923 ideal for use as a terminal electron
+rNahkL_BLeg-00116-00036924-00037270 acceptor tea the list of these
+rNahkL_BLeg-00117-00037271-00037520 microorganisms that employ anaerobic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00118-00037521-00037832 respiration though is growing at the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00119-00037833-00038072 heart of this metabolic process as an
+rNahkL_BLeg-00120-00038073-00038297 electron transport system that is
+rNahkL_BLeg-00121-00038298-00038551 similar to that of chemo Organa troughs
+rNahkL_BLeg-00122-00038552-00038875 the major difference between these two
+rNahkL_BLeg-00123-00038876-00039149 microorganisms as that chemoautotrophs
+rNahkL_BLeg-00124-00039150-00039362 directly provide electrons to the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00125-00039363-00039614 electron transport chain while chemo
+rNahkL_BLeg-00126-00039615-00039821 Organa troughs must generate their own
+rNahkL_BLeg-00127-00039822-00040100 cellular reducing power by oxidizing
+rNahkL_BLeg-00128-00040101-00040508 reduced organic compounds qumola the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00129-00040509-00040760 troughs bypass this by obtaining their
+rNahkL_BLeg-00130-00040761-00040970 reducing power directly from the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00131-00040971-00041219 inorganic substrate or by the reverse
+rNahkL_BLeg-00132-00041220-00041573 electron transport reaction certain
+rNahkL_BLeg-00133-00041574-00041858 specialized chemo with atrophic bacteria
+rNahkL_BLeg-00134-00041859-00042092 utilized different derivatives of the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00135-00042093-00042398 sox system a central pathway specific to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00136-00042399-00042755 sulfur oxidation this ancient and unique
+rNahkL_BLeg-00137-00042756-00042983 pathway illustrates the power that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00138-00042984-00043187 qumola the troughs have evolved to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00139-00043188-00043472 utilize from inorganic substrates such
+rNahkL_BLeg-00140-00043473-00043838 as sulfur in chemo lithotripsy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00141-00043839-00044099 the compounds the electron donors are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00142-00044100-00044375 oxidized in the cell and the electrons
+rNahkL_BLeg-00143-00044376-00044603 are channeled into respiratory chains
+rNahkL_BLeg-00144-00044604-00045017 ultimately producing ATP the electron
+rNahkL_BLeg-00145-00045018-00045251 acceptor can be oxygen in aerobic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00146-00045252-00045563 bacteria but a variety of other electron
+rNahkL_BLeg-00147-00045564-00045875 acceptors organic and inorganic are also
+rNahkL_BLeg-00148-00045876-00046232 used by various species aerobic bacteria
+rNahkL_BLeg-00149-00046233-00046514 such as the nitrous
+rNahkL_BLeg-00150-00046515-00046825 nitrobacter utilize oxygen to oxidize
+rNahkL_BLeg-00151-00046826-00047201 nitrite to nitrate some Litha tropes
+rNahkL_BLeg-00152-00047202-00047471 produce organic compounds from carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00153-00047472-00047681 dioxide in a process called
+rNahkL_BLeg-00154-00047682-00047962 chemosynthesis much as plants do in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00155-00047963-00048323 photosynthesis plants use energy from
+rNahkL_BLeg-00156-00048324-00048562 sunlight to drive carbon dioxide
+rNahkL_BLeg-00157-00048563-00048842 fixation since both water and carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00158-00048843-00049065 dioxide are low in energy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00159-00049066-00049454 by contrast the hydrogen compounds used
+rNahkL_BLeg-00160-00049455-00049762 in chemosynthesis are high in energy so
+rNahkL_BLeg-00161-00049763-00050012 chemosynthesis can take place in the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00162-00050013-00050270 absence of sunlight eg around a
+rNahkL_BLeg-00163-00050271-00050651 hydrothermal vent ecosystems establish
+rNahkL_BLeg-00164-00050652-00050912 in and around hydrothermal vents as the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00165-00050913-00051212 abundance of inorganic substances namely
+rNahkL_BLeg-00166-00051213-00051457 hydrogen are constantly being supplied
+rNahkL_BLeg-00167-00051458-00051757 via magma in pockets below the sea floor
+rNahkL_BLeg-00168-00051758-00052082 other Litha troughs are able to directly
+rNahkL_BLeg-00169-00052083-00052435 utilize inorganic substances eg iron
+rNahkL_BLeg-00170-00052436-00052771 hydrogen sulfide elemental sulfur or
+rNahkL_BLeg-00171-00052772-00053015 thiosulfate for some or all of their
+rNahkL_BLeg-00172-00053016-00053375 energy needs here are a few examples of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00173-00053376-00053648 qumola the trophic pathways any of which
+rNahkL_BLeg-00174-00053649-00053990 may use oxygen sulfur or other molecules
+rNahkL_BLeg-00175-00053991-00054559 as electron acceptors
+rNahkL_BLeg-00176-00054560-00055116 topic photo lithotripsy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00177-00055116-00055341 photo lalitha trophy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00178-00055341-00055578 energy from light and therefore use
+rNahkL_BLeg-00179-00055579-00055863 inorganic electron donors only to fuel
+rNahkL_BLeg-00180-00055864-00056211 biosynthetic reactions e.g carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00181-00056212-00056433 dioxide fixation and lift a lotta
+rNahkL_BLeg-00182-00056434-00056982 troughs
+rNahkL_BLeg-00183-00056983-00057303 topic lifts though heterotrophs versus
+rNahkL_BLeg-00184-00057304-00057721 little otter troves
+rNahkL_BLeg-00185-00057722-00058066 with atrophic bacteria cannot use of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00186-00058067-00058352 course their inorganic energy source as
+rNahkL_BLeg-00187-00058353-00058571 a carbon source for the synthesis of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00188-00058572-00058841 their cells they choose one of three
+rNahkL_BLeg-00189-00058841-00059254 options litho heterotrophs do not have
+rNahkL_BLeg-00190-00059255-00059530 the possibility to fix carbon dioxide
+rNahkL_BLeg-00191-00059532-00059774 and must consume additional organic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00192-00059775-00059972 compounds in order to break them apart
+rNahkL_BLeg-00193-00059973-00060329 and use their carbon only a few bacteria
+rNahkL_BLeg-00194-00060329-00060742 are fully heterolytic trophic liftalot
+rNahkL_BLeg-00195-00060744-00060973 at ropes are able to use carbon dioxide
+rNahkL_BLeg-00196-00060974-00061298 from the air as carbon source the same
+rNahkL_BLeg-00197-00061299-00061700 way plants do miksa troughs will take up
+rNahkL_BLeg-00198-00061701-00061976 and use organic material to complement
+rNahkL_BLeg-00199-00061977-00062273 their carbon dioxide fixation source mix
+rNahkL_BLeg-00200-00062274-00062557 between auda trophy and heterotroph II
+rNahkL_BLeg-00201-00062558-00062888 many Litha troughs are recognized as mix
+rNahkL_BLeg-00202-00062889-00063079 atrophic in regard of their sea
+rNahkL_BLeg-00203-00063080-00063659 metabolism
+rNahkL_BLeg-00204-00063660-00064040 topic Kimmel at the tropes vs photo at
+rNahkL_BLeg-00205-00064041-00064414 the troves
+rNahkL_BLeg-00206-00064415-00064732 in addition to this division lithotripsy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00207-00064733-00064929 differ in the initial energy source
+rNahkL_BLeg-00208-00064930-00065289 which initiates ATP production
+rNahkL_BLeg-00209-00065290-00065550 chemoautotrophs used the above-mentioned
+rNahkL_BLeg-00210-00065551-00065830 inorganic compounds for aerobic or
+rNahkL_BLeg-00211-00065831-00066142 anaerobic respiration the energy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00212-00066143-00066358 produced by the oxidation of these
+rNahkL_BLeg-00213-00066359-00066684 compounds as enough for ATP production
+rNahkL_BLeg-00214-00066685-00066979 some of the electrons derived from the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00215-00066980-00067216 inorganic donors also need to be
+rNahkL_BLeg-00216-00067217-00067558 channeled into biosynthesis mostly
+rNahkL_BLeg-00217-00067559-00067825 additional energy has to be invested to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00218-00067826-00068089 transform these reducing equivalents to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00219-00068090-00068359 the forms and redox potentials needed
+rNahkL_BLeg-00220-00068360-00068776 mostly nadh or NADPH which occurs by
+rNahkL_BLeg-00221-00068777-00069090 reverse electron transfer reactions
+rNahkL_BLeg-00222-00069091-00069343 photo lat the troughs use light as
+rNahkL_BLeg-00223-00069344-00069628 energy source these bacteria are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00224-00069629-00069864 photosynthetic photolithographic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00225-00069865-00070102 bacteria are found in the purple
+rNahkL_BLeg-00226-00070103-00070534 bacteria e.g chroma DAC a green bacteria
+rNahkL_BLeg-00227-00070535-00070801 chloro BAC and chlorophyll XE and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00228-00070802-00071221 cyanobacteria purple and green bacteria
+rNahkL_BLeg-00229-00071222-00071611 oxidize sulphide sulfur sulfite iron or
+rNahkL_BLeg-00230-00071612-00072025 hydrogen cyanobacteria extract reducing
+rNahkL_BLeg-00231-00072026-00072319 equivalents from water ie they oxidize
+rNahkL_BLeg-00232-00072320-00072697 water to oxygen the electrons obtained
+rNahkL_BLeg-00233-00072698-00072937 from the electron donors are not used
+rNahkL_BLeg-00234-00072938-00073216 for ATP production as long as there is
+rNahkL_BLeg-00235-00073217-00073419 light they are used in bio synthetic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00236-00073420-00073873 reactions some photo that the tro v / -
+rNahkL_BLeg-00237-00073874-00074119 kima with atrophic metabolism in the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00238-00074120-00074620 dark
+rNahkL_BLeg-00239-00074621-00075259 topic geological significance
+rNahkL_BLeg-00240-00075260-00075553 Litha troves participate in many
+rNahkL_BLeg-00241-00075554-00075812 geological processes such as the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00242-00075813-00076040 formation of soil and the biogeochemical
+rNahkL_BLeg-00243-00076041-00076355 cycling of carbon nitrogen and other
+rNahkL_BLeg-00244-00076356-00076727 elements Litha troves also associate
+rNahkL_BLeg-00245-00076728-00076973 with the modern day issue of acid mine
+rNahkL_BLeg-00246-00076974-00077330 drainage Litha troves may be present in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00247-00077331-00077609 a variety of environments including deep
+rNahkL_BLeg-00248-00077610-00077957 terrestrial sub surfaces soils mines and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00249-00077958-00078607 in endoliths communities
+rNahkL_BLeg-00250-00078608-00079181 topic soil formation
+rNahkL_BLeg-00251-00079182-00079472 a primary example of Litha tropes that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00252-00079473-00079700 contribute to soil formation as
+rNahkL_BLeg-00253-00079701-00080099 cyanobacteria this group of bacteria are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00254-00080100-00080330 nitrogen-fixing photo at the troughs
+rNahkL_BLeg-00255-00080331-00080567 that are capable of using energy from
+rNahkL_BLeg-00256-00080568-00080822 sunlight and inorganic nutrients from
+rNahkL_BLeg-00257-00080823-00081107 rocks as reductant this capability
+rNahkL_BLeg-00258-00081108-00081329 allows for their growth and development
+rNahkL_BLeg-00259-00081330-00081692 on native oligotrophic rocks and aids in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00260-00081693-00081887 the subsequent deposition of their
+rNahkL_BLeg-00261-00081888-00082118 organic matter nutrients for other
+rNahkL_BLeg-00262-00082119-00082523 organisms to colonize colonization can
+rNahkL_BLeg-00263-00082524-00082813 initiate the process of organic compound
+rNahkL_BLeg-00264-00082814-00083114 decomposition a primary factor for soil
+rNahkL_BLeg-00265-00083115-00083456 Genesis such a mechanism has been
+rNahkL_BLeg-00266-00083457-00083623 attributed as part of the early
+rNahkL_BLeg-00267-00083624-00083903 evolutionary processes that helped shape
+rNahkL_BLeg-00268-00083904-00084524 the biological earth
+rNahkL_BLeg-00269-00084525-00085204 topic biogeochemical cycling
+rNahkL_BLeg-00270-00085205-00085478 biogeochemical cycling of elements as an
+rNahkL_BLeg-00271-00085479-00085676 essential component of lithotripsy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00272-00085677-00086072 within microbial environment for example
+rNahkL_BLeg-00273-00086073-00086309 in the carbon cycle there are certain
+rNahkL_BLeg-00274-00086310-00086573 bacteria classified as photo little
+rNahkL_BLeg-00275-00086574-00086843 autotrophs that generate organic carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00276-00086844-00087224 from atmospheric carbon dioxide certain
+rNahkL_BLeg-00277-00087225-00087482 chemo little autotrophic bacteria can
+rNahkL_BLeg-00278-00087483-00087785 also produce organic carbon some even in
+rNahkL_BLeg-00279-00087786-00088118 the absence of light similar to plants
+rNahkL_BLeg-00280-00088119-00088400 these microbes provide a usable form of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00281-00088401-00088763 energy for organisms to consume on the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00282-00088764-00088973 contrary there are lit the troughs that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00283-00088974-00089207 have the ability to ferment implying
+rNahkL_BLeg-00284-00089208-00089474 their ability to convert organic carbon
+rNahkL_BLeg-00285-00089475-00089849 into another usable form another example
+rNahkL_BLeg-00286-00089850-00090140 as the cycling of nitrogen many Litha
+rNahkL_BLeg-00287-00090141-00090421 trophic bacteria play a role in reducing
+rNahkL_BLeg-00288-00090422-00090737 inorganic nitrogen nitrogen gas to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00289-00090738-00091046 organic nitrogen ammonium in a process
+rNahkL_BLeg-00290-00091047-00091430 called nitrogen fixation likewise there
+rNahkL_BLeg-00291-00091431-00091670 are many Litha trophic bacteria that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00292-00091671-00091943 also convert ammonium into nitrogen gas
+rNahkL_BLeg-00293-00091944-00092272 in a process called denitrification
+rNahkL_BLeg-00294-00092273-00092537 carbon and nitrogen are important
+rNahkL_BLeg-00295-00092538-00092735 nutrients essential for metabolic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00296-00092736-00092990 processes and can sometimes be the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00297-00092991-00093242 limiting factor that affects organismal
+rNahkL_BLeg-00298-00093243-00093551 growth and development thus lit the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00299-00093552-00093731 troughs are key players in both
+rNahkL_BLeg-00300-00093732-00093968 providing and removing these important
+rNahkL_BLeg-00301-00093969-00094524 resource
+rNahkL_BLeg-00302-00094525-00095082 topic acid mine drainage
+rNahkL_BLeg-00303-00095083-00095428 with atrophic microbes are responsible
+rNahkL_BLeg-00304-00095429-00095668 for the phenomenon known as acid mine
+rNahkL_BLeg-00305-00095669-00096007 drainage typically occurring in mining
+rNahkL_BLeg-00306-00096008-00096295 areas this process concerns the active
+rNahkL_BLeg-00307-00096296-00096574 metabolism of energy rich pyrites and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00308-00096575-00096802 other reduced sulfur components to
+rNahkL_BLeg-00309-00096803-00097144 sulfate one example as the acidophilic
+rNahkL_BLeg-00310-00097145-00097456 bacterial genus a feral oxidants that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00311-00097457-00097777 utilize iron ii sulfide iron for
+rNahkL_BLeg-00312-00097778-00098104 sulphide and oxygen o2 to generate
+rNahkL_BLeg-00313-00098105-00098452 sulfuric acid the acidic product of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00314-00098453-00098674 these specific Litha tropes as the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00315-00098675-00098914 potential to drain from the mining area
+rNahkL_BLeg-00316-00098915-00099121 via water runoff and enter the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00317-00099122-00099438 environment acid mine drainage
+rNahkL_BLeg-00318-00099439-00099784 drastically alters the acidity pH values
+rNahkL_BLeg-00319-00099785-00100072 of 2 to 3 and chemistry of groundwater
+rNahkL_BLeg-00320-00100073-00100351 and streams and may endanger plant and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00321-00100352-00100621 animal populations downstream of mining
+rNahkL_BLeg-00322-00100622-00100996 areas activities similar to acid mine
+rNahkL_BLeg-00323-00100997-00101248 drainage but on a much lower scale are
+rNahkL_BLeg-00324-00101249-00101518 also found in natural conditions such as
+rNahkL_BLeg-00325-00101519-00101809 the rocky beds of glaciers in soil and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00326-00101810-00102025 tailless on stone monuments and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00327-00102026-00102763 buildings and in the deep subsurface
+rNahkL_BLeg-00328-00102764-00103359 topic astrobiology
+rNahkL_BLeg-00329-00103360-00103651 it has been suggested that bio minerals
+rNahkL_BLeg-00330-00103652-00103857 could be important indicators of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00331-00103858-00104068 extraterrestrial life and thus could
+rNahkL_BLeg-00332-00104069-00104302 play an important role in the search for
+rNahkL_BLeg-00333-00104303-00104631 past or present life on the planet Mars
+rNahkL_BLeg-00334-00104632-00104923 furthermore organic components bio
+rNahkL_BLeg-00335-00104924-00105133 signatures that are often associated
+rNahkL_BLeg-00336-00105133-00105394 with bio minerals are believed to play
+rNahkL_BLeg-00337-00105395-00105673 crucial roles in both prebiotic and
+rNahkL_BLeg-00338-00105674-00106147 biotic reactions On January 24 2014 NASA
+rNahkL_BLeg-00339-00106148-00106375 reported that current studies by the
+rNahkL_BLeg-00340-00106376-00106654 curiosity and Opportunity Rovers on Mars
+rNahkL_BLeg-00341-00106655-00106911 will now be searching for evidence of
+rNahkL_BLeg-00342-00106913-00107184 ancient life including a biosphere based
+rNahkL_BLeg-00343-00107185-00107464 on autotrophic chemo trophic and or
+rNahkL_BLeg-00344-00107465-00107652 chemo little autotrophic microorganisms
+rNahkL_BLeg-00345-00107653-00107977 as well as ancient water including
+rNahkL_BLeg-00346-00107978-00108232 floovio lacustrine environments planes
+rNahkL_BLeg-00347-00108233-00108496 related to ancient rivers or lakes that
+rNahkL_BLeg-00348-00108497-00108796 may have been habitable the search for
+rNahkL_BLeg-00349-00108797-00109021 evidence of habitability taphonomy
+rNahkL_BLeg-00350-00109022-00109351 related to fossils an organic carbon on
+rNahkL_BLeg-00351-00109352-00109606 the planet Mars is now a primary NASA
+rNahkL_BLeg-00352-00109607-00110196 objective
+rNahkL_BLeg-00353-00110197-00110758 topic see also
+rNahkL_BLeg-00354-00110758-00111296 autotroph elektra little autotroph Ndola
+rNahkL_BLeg-00355-00111297-00111874 'the heterotroph microbial metabolism
+rNahkL_BLeg-00356-00111875-00112220 Organa trove
+rPOsvVQEay4-00000-00000000-00000711 foreign
+rPOsvVQEay4-00001-00000712-00002204 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00002-00002205-00002936 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00003-00002937-00003221 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00004-00003222-00003486 my line cause the people I know
+rPOsvVQEay4-00005-00003486-00004056 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00006-00004057-00004325 I'm on the way tell them I don't play
+rPOsvVQEay4-00007-00004326-00004619 yeah I'm on the move trying to get my
+rPOsvVQEay4-00008-00004620-00004943 pay yo I might just move on I'm watching
+rPOsvVQEay4-00009-00004944-00005842 pray yeah I'm on the way I'm on my way
+rPOsvVQEay4-00010-00005843-00006868 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00011-00006869-00008978 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00012-00008979-00009650 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00013-00009651-00009772 [Applause]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00014-00009773-00010091 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00015-00010092-00010193 yeah
+rPOsvVQEay4-00016-00010194-00011159 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00017-00011160-00011737 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00018-00011738-00012308 a lot of people back home on my back
+rPOsvVQEay4-00019-00012309-00013897 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00020-00013897-00014629 yeah I'm on the way I'm on my way
+rPOsvVQEay4-00021-00014630-00015768 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00022-00015769-00018635 [Music]
+rPOsvVQEay4-00023-00018636-00018895 thank you
+rQ9xeZwuX1A-00000-00000021-00000800 [Music]
+rQ9xeZwuX1A-00002-00005744-00005952 you
+rQitwmiwAXM-00000-00000051-00000332 a circumpolar star as a star as viewed
+rQitwmiwAXM-00001-00000333-00000508 from a given latitude on earth that
+rQitwmiwAXM-00002-00000509-00000709 never sets below the horizon due to its
+rQitwmiwAXM-00003-00000710-00000872 apparent proximity to one of the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00004-00000873-00001175 celestial poles circumpolar stars are
+rQitwmiwAXM-00005-00001176-00001370 therefore visible from said location
+rQitwmiwAXM-00006-00001371-00001547 toward the nearest pole for the entire
+rQitwmiwAXM-00007-00001548-00001714 night on every night of the year and
+rQitwmiwAXM-00008-00001716-00001889 would be continuously visible throughout
+rQitwmiwAXM-00009-00001889-00002090 the day - were they not overwhelmed by
+rQitwmiwAXM-00010-00002091-00002368 the sun's glare all circumpolar stars
+rQitwmiwAXM-00011-00002369-00002630 lie within a relative circumpolar circle
+rQitwmiwAXM-00012-00002631-00002804 whose radius equals the observers
+rQitwmiwAXM-00013-00002805-00003050 latitude this was in fact the original
+rQitwmiwAXM-00014-00003051-00003364 meaning of arctic circle before the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00015-00003365-00003532 current geographical meaning meaning
+rQitwmiwAXM-00016-00003533-00003862 circle of the bears versus a major the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00017-00003863-00004100 Great Bear an Ursa Minor the little bear
+rQitwmiwAXM-00018-00004101-00004370 from Greek Arctic Ozark teeka's near the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00019-00004371-00004603 bear from the word arced as arced as
+rQitwmiwAXM-00020-00004604-00004941 bear
+rQitwmiwAXM-00021-00004942-00005469 topic explanation
+rQitwmiwAXM-00022-00005470-00005751 as Earth rotates daily on its axis the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00023-00005752-00005943 stars appear to move in circular paths
+rQitwmiwAXM-00024-00005944-00006147 around one of the celestial poles the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00025-00006148-00006345 North celestial pole for observers in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00026-00006346-00006504 the northern hemisphere or the South
+rQitwmiwAXM-00027-00006505-00006684 celestial pole for observers in the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00028-00006684-00006959 southern hemisphere stars far from a
+rQitwmiwAXM-00029-00006961-00007148 celestial pole appeared to rotate in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00030-00007150-00007380 large circles stars located very close
+rQitwmiwAXM-00031-00007381-00007611 to a celestial pole rotate in small
+rQitwmiwAXM-00032-00007612-00007784 circles and hence hardly seemed to
+rQitwmiwAXM-00033-00007786-00008006 engage in any diurnal motion at all
+rQitwmiwAXM-00034-00008006-00008253 depending on the observers latitude on
+rQitwmiwAXM-00035-00008254-00008481 earth some stars the circumpolar ones
+rQitwmiwAXM-00036-00008482-00008676 are close enough to the celestial pole
+rQitwmiwAXM-00037-00008677-00008859 to remain continuously above the horizon
+rQitwmiwAXM-00038-00008860-00009102 while other stars dip below the horizon
+rQitwmiwAXM-00039-00009103-00009291 for some portion of their daily circular
+rQitwmiwAXM-00040-00009292-00009495 path and others remain permanently below
+rQitwmiwAXM-00041-00009496-00009816 the horizon the circumpolar stars appear
+rQitwmiwAXM-00042-00009817-00009990 to lie within a circle that is centred
+rQitwmiwAXM-00043-00009991-00010194 at the celestial pole in tangential to
+rQitwmiwAXM-00044-00010195-00010419 the horizon at the Earth's North Pole
+rQitwmiwAXM-00045-00010420-00010662 the North celestial pole is directly
+rQitwmiwAXM-00046-00010663-00010860 overhead and all stars that are visible
+rQitwmiwAXM-00047-00010861-00011052 at all that is all stars in the northern
+rQitwmiwAXM-00048-00011053-00011288 celestial Hemisphere are circumpolar as
+rQitwmiwAXM-00049-00011289-00011553 one travels south the North celestial
+rQitwmiwAXM-00050-00011554-00011756 pole moves towards the northern horizon
+rQitwmiwAXM-00051-00011757-00011991 more and more stars that are at a
+rQitwmiwAXM-00052-00011992-00012162 distance from it begin to disappear
+rQitwmiwAXM-00053-00012163-00012338 below the horizon for some portion of
+rQitwmiwAXM-00054-00012339-00012591 their daily orbit and the circle
+rQitwmiwAXM-00055-00012592-00012749 containing the remaining circumpolar
+rQitwmiwAXM-00056-00012750-00013035 stars becomes increasingly small at the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00057-00013036-00013266 equator this circle vanishes to a single
+rQitwmiwAXM-00058-00013266-00013466 point the celestial pole itself which
+rQitwmiwAXM-00059-00013468-00013641 lies on the horizon and there are thus
+rQitwmiwAXM-00060-00013641-00013880 effectively no circumpolar stars at all
+rQitwmiwAXM-00061-00013881-00014169 as one travels south of the equator the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00062-00014169-00014397 opposite happens the South celestial
+rQitwmiwAXM-00063-00014397-00014597 pole appears increasingly high in the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00064-00014599-00014802 sky and all the stars lying within an
+rQitwmiwAXM-00065-00014803-00015000 increasingly large circle centered on
+rQitwmiwAXM-00066-00015001-00015194 that pole becomes circumpolar about it
+rQitwmiwAXM-00067-00015195-00015438 this continues until one reaches the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00068-00015438-00015644 Earth's South Pole where once again all
+rQitwmiwAXM-00069-00015645-00015972 visible stars are circumpolar the North
+rQitwmiwAXM-00070-00015972-00016200 celestial pole is located very close to
+rQitwmiwAXM-00071-00016201-00016452 the pole star Polaris or North Star so
+rQitwmiwAXM-00072-00016453-00016587 from the northern hemisphere all
+rQitwmiwAXM-00073-00016588-00016769 circumpolar stars appeared to move
+rQitwmiwAXM-00074-00016770-00017061 around Polaris Polaris itself remains
+rQitwmiwAXM-00075-00017062-00017304 almost stationary always at the North ie
+rQitwmiwAXM-00076-00017305-00017562 azimuth of 0 degrees and always at the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00077-00017563-00017763 same altitude angle from the horizon
+rQitwmiwAXM-00078-00017764-00018036 equal to the observers latitude these
+rQitwmiwAXM-00079-00018037-00018580 are then classified into quadrants
+rQitwmiwAXM-00080-00018581-00019169 topic definition of circumpolar stars
+rQitwmiwAXM-00081-00019170-00019427 whether a star is circumpolar depends
+rQitwmiwAXM-00082-00019428-00019652 upon the observers latitude since the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00083-00019653-00019855 altitude of the North or South celestial
+rQitwmiwAXM-00084-00019856-00019910 Pole
+rQitwmiwAXM-00085-00019911-00020090 whichever is visible equals the absolute
+rQitwmiwAXM-00086-00020091-00020363 value of the observers latitude any star
+rQitwmiwAXM-00087-00020364-00020555 whose angular distance from the visible
+rQitwmiwAXM-00088-00020556-00020744 celestial pole is less than the absolute
+rQitwmiwAXM-00089-00020745-00021062 latitude will be circumpolar for example
+rQitwmiwAXM-00090-00021063-00021296 if the observers latitude as 50 degrees
+rQitwmiwAXM-00091-00021297-00021533 north any star will be circumpolar if it
+rQitwmiwAXM-00092-00021534-00021725 is less than 50 degrees from the North
+rQitwmiwAXM-00093-00021726-00022025 celestial pole if the observers latitude
+rQitwmiwAXM-00094-00022026-00022268 is 35 degrees south then all stars
+rQitwmiwAXM-00095-00022269-00022517 within 35 degrees of the South celestial
+rQitwmiwAXM-00096-00022518-00022790 Pole or circumpolar stars on the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00097-00022791-00022981 celestial equator are not circumpolar
+rQitwmiwAXM-00098-00022982-00023171 when observed from any latitude in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00099-00023172-00023450 either hemisphere of the earth a star
+rQitwmiwAXM-00100-00023451-00023666 with its polar distance approximately
+rQitwmiwAXM-00101-00023667-00023878 equal to or less than the latitude of
+rQitwmiwAXM-00102-00023879-00024181 the observer whether a given star is
+rQitwmiwAXM-00103-00024182-00024380 circumpolar at the observers latitude
+rQitwmiwAXM-00104-00024381-00024596 theta may be calculated in terms of the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00105-00024597-00024887 Stars declination Delta the star is
+rQitwmiwAXM-00106-00024888-00025088 circumpolar if theta plus Delta is
+rQitwmiwAXM-00107-00025089-00025343 greater than plus 90 degrees observer in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00108-00025344-00025577 northern hemisphere or theta plus Delta
+rQitwmiwAXM-00109-00025578-00025795 is less than minus 90 degrees observer
+rQitwmiwAXM-00110-00025797-00026093 in southern hemisphere a star whose
+rQitwmiwAXM-00111-00026094-00026296 diurnal circle lies above the horizon
+rQitwmiwAXM-00112-00026297-00026570 never sets even though it cannot be seen
+rQitwmiwAXM-00113-00026570-00026896 during the day designation of a star as
+rQitwmiwAXM-00114-00026897-00027112 circumpolar depends on the observers
+rQitwmiwAXM-00115-00027113-00027395 latitude at the equator no star is
+rQitwmiwAXM-00116-00027395-00027637 circumpolar at the North or South Pole
+rQitwmiwAXM-00117-00027638-00027899 all stars that are visible at all are
+rQitwmiwAXM-00118-00027900-00028142 circumpolar since only one-half of the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00119-00028143-00028460 celestial sphere can ever be seen for an
+rQitwmiwAXM-00120-00028461-00028696 observer at any other latitude a star
+rQitwmiwAXM-00121-00028697-00028931 whose declination is greater than 90
+rQitwmiwAXM-00122-00028932-00029170 degrees minus the observers latitude
+rQitwmiwAXM-00123-00029172-00029414 will be circumpolar appearing to circle
+rQitwmiwAXM-00124-00029414-00029636 the celestial pole and remaining always
+rQitwmiwAXM-00125-00029637-00029951 above the horizon a constellation made
+rQitwmiwAXM-00126-00029952-00030239 up entirely of circumpolar stars is also
+rQitwmiwAXM-00127-00030239-00030520 called circumpolar from most of the
+rQitwmiwAXM-00128-00030522-00030820 united states above lot 40 degrees north
+rQitwmiwAXM-00129-00030822-00031169 the Big Dipper is circumpolar similarly
+rQitwmiwAXM-00130-00031170-00031364 the star will never rise above the local
+rQitwmiwAXM-00131-00031364-00031592 horizon if Delta minus theta is less
+rQitwmiwAXM-00132-00031593-00031811 than minus 90 degrees observer in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00133-00031812-00032030 northern hemisphere or Delta minus theta
+rQitwmiwAXM-00134-00032031-00032267 is greater than plus 90 degrees observer
+rQitwmiwAXM-00135-00032268-00032450 in southern hemisphere
+rQitwmiwAXM-00136-00032451-00032663 thus Canopus is invisible from such
+rQitwmiwAXM-00137-00032664-00032852 locations as San Francisco and
+rQitwmiwAXM-00138-00032853-00033035 Louisville if marginally visible from
+rQitwmiwAXM-00139-00033036-00033389 Fresno Tulsa and Virginia Beach some
+rQitwmiwAXM-00140-00033390-00033530 stars within the far northern
+rQitwmiwAXM-00141-00033531-00033815 constellation such as Cassiopeia Cepheus
+rQitwmiwAXM-00142-00033816-00034061 Ursa Major and Ursa Minor roughly north
+rQitwmiwAXM-00143-00034062-00034265 of the Tropic of Cancer plus twenty
+rQitwmiwAXM-00144-00034266-00034427 three and a half degrees will be
+rQitwmiwAXM-00145-00034428-00034664 circumpolar stars which never rise are
+rQitwmiwAXM-00146-00034665-00034883 set for British observers for example
+rQitwmiwAXM-00147-00034884-00035072 the first magnitude stars capella
+rQitwmiwAXM-00148-00035073-00035426 declination plus 45 degrees 59 and Deneb
+rQitwmiwAXM-00149-00035427-00035717 plus 45 degrees 16 do not set from
+rQitwmiwAXM-00150-00035718-00036014 anywhere in the country Vega plus 38
+rQitwmiwAXM-00151-00036015-00036278 degrees 47 is technically circumpolar
+rQitwmiwAXM-00152-00036279-00036584 north of latitude plus 51 degrees 13
+rQitwmiwAXM-00153-00036585-00036827 just south of London taking atmospheric
+rQitwmiwAXM-00154-00036828-00037013 refraction into account it will probably
+rQitwmiwAXM-00155-00037014-00037232 only be seen to set at sea level from
+rQitwmiwAXM-00156-00037233-00037556 Cornwall in the Scilly Isles some stars
+rQitwmiwAXM-00157-00037557-00037754 within the far southern constellations
+rQitwmiwAXM-00158-00037755-00038024 such as Krux Musca and hydrous roughly
+rQitwmiwAXM-00159-00038025-00038246 south of the Tropic of Capricorn minus
+rQitwmiwAXM-00160-00038247-00038492 23 and 1/2 degrees will also be
+rQitwmiwAXM-00161-00038493-00038684 circumpolar stars stars and
+rQitwmiwAXM-00162-00038685-00038897 constellations that are circumpolar in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00163-00038898-00039107 one hemisphere are always invisible in
+rQitwmiwAXM-00164-00039108-00039266 the high latitudes of the opposite
+rQitwmiwAXM-00165-00039267-00039431 hemisphere and these never rise above
+rQitwmiwAXM-00166-00039432-00039707 the horizon for example the southern
+rQitwmiwAXM-00167-00039708-00039956 circumpolar star a crux is invisible for
+rQitwmiwAXM-00168-00039957-00040142 most of the contiguous United States
+rQitwmiwAXM-00169-00040143-00040361 likewise the seven stars of the northern
+rQitwmiwAXM-00170-00040362-00040571 circumpolar Big Dipper asterism are
+rQitwmiwAXM-00171-00040572-00040754 invisible for most of the Patagonia
+rQitwmiwAXM-00172-00040755-00041176 region of South America
+rQitwmiwAXM-00173-00041177-00041708 topic see also
+rQitwmiwAXM-00174-00041709-00042143 Polestar voyages of Christopher Columbus
+rQitwmiwAXM-00175-00042144-00042762 celestial sphere celestial Pole
+rQitwmiwAXM-00176-00042763-00043160 topic references
+rQitwmiwAXM-00177-00043161-00043360 you
+rQitwmiwAXM-00178-00043361-00043745 circumpolar stars web the 7th of January
+rQitwmiwAXM-00179-00043746-00043873 2015
+rQitwmiwAXM-00180-00043874-00044393 HTTP colon slash slash WWE strana mexico
+rQitwmiwAXM-00181-00044394-00044780 UK / astro GA / new site topic 3 /
+rQitwmiwAXM-00182-00044781-00045432 circumpolar underscore Stars HTM
+rQitwmiwAXM-00183-00045433-00045890 external links
+rQitwmiwAXM-00184-00045891-00046313 Bartleby calm circumpolar star north
+rQitwmiwAXM-00185-00046314-00046592 circumpolar star trails south
+rQitwmiwAXM-00186-00046593-00046904 circumpolar star trails star trails
+rQitwmiwAXM-00187-00046905-00047240 photography tutorial
+rRdZ60RYl18-00000-00000535-00000724 ha ha ha ha ha
+rRdZ60RYl18-00001-00000725-00001025 ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha
+rRdZ60RYl18-00002-00001026-00001091 ha
+rRdZ60RYl18-00003-00001092-00001751 Mario I've came to fight you
+rRdZ60RYl18-00004-00001752-00002110 no I'm getting to fight you too
+rRdZ60RYl18-00005-00002111-00002560 Oh no you're not gonna fight me
+rRdZ60RYl18-00006-00002561-00002939 oh yeah I'm gonna do it anyways
+rRdZ60RYl18-00007-00002940-00004193 no you want
+rRdZ60RYl18-00009-00007218-00007896 oh
+rRdZ60RYl18-00010-00007897-00009975 take down Mario
+rRdZ60RYl18-00011-00009976-00010583 [Music]
+rRdZ60RYl18-00012-00010584-00010870 huh where the hell am I
+rRdZ60RYl18-00013-00010871-00011014 [Music]
+rRdZ60RYl18-00014-00011015-00011435 hello hello hello Mr Mario and um you
+rRdZ60RYl18-00015-00011436-00011651 got knocked out so that's why you're in
+rRdZ60RYl18-00016-00011652-00012205 the hospital
+rRdZ60RYl18-00017-00012206-00012856 this is so hard
+rRdZ60RYl18-00018-00012857-00013138 [Music]
+rRdZ60RYl18-00019-00013140-00013361 yeah and Mario
+rRdZ60RYl18-00020-00013362-00013666 you'll be staying in the hospital for
+rRdZ60RYl18-00021-00013668-00013793 like
+rRdZ60RYl18-00022-00013794-00014183 um six to eight weeks six to eight weeks
+rRdZ60RYl18-00023-00014184-00014394 yeah
+rRdZ60RYl18-00024-00014394-00014572 [Music]
+rRdZ60RYl18-00025-00014573-00014986 you know what I'll stay until six to
+rRdZ60RYl18-00026-00014987-00015544 eight weeks uh I need I need some rest
+rRdZ60RYl18-00027-00015545-00015838 okay
+rRdZ60RYl18-00028-00015840-00016255 get some rest
+rRdZ60RYl18-00029-00016256-00016427 [Music]
+rRdZ60RYl18-00030-00016428-00016722 uh
+rRdZ60RYl18-00031-00016723-00017183 oh feeling better in the next six to
+rRdZ60RYl18-00032-00017184-00017498 eight weeks or something
+rRPvlMe69x8-00000-00000058-00000394 bluebonnets swamp Nature Center as a 103
+rRPvlMe69x8-00001-00000395-00000584 acre nature conservation park
+rRPvlMe69x8-00002-00000585-00000794 administered by the Recreation and Park
+rRPvlMe69x8-00003-00000795-00000979 Commission for the parish of East Baton
+rRPvlMe69x8-00004-00000980-00001343 Rouge also known as Breck and located at
+rRPvlMe69x8-00005-00001344-00001673 105 O 3 North Oak Hills Parkway Baton
+rRPvlMe69x8-00006-00001673-00002087 Rouge Louisiana 708 100 it is open to
+rRPvlMe69x8-00007-00002088-00002312 the public Tuesday to Saturday from 9
+rRPvlMe69x8-00008-00002313-00002630 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sunday from noon to 5
+rRPvlMe69x8-00009-00002631-00002858 p.m. except for some holidays for a
+rRPvlMe69x8-00010-00002859-00003155 nominal fee the facility was opened as
+rRPvlMe69x8-00011-00003156-00003440 BRE sees first nature conservation based
+rRPvlMe69x8-00012-00003440-00004231 park on the 17th of May 1997
+rRPvlMe69x8-00013-00004232-00004583 topic facilities programs and nature
+rRPvlMe69x8-00014-00004584-00004988 preserve
+rRPvlMe69x8-00015-00004989-00005183 the main exhibit building is an
+rRPvlMe69x8-00016-00005184-00005477 award-winning 9,500 square foot
+rRPvlMe69x8-00017-00005478-00005690 structure containing both live animal
+rRPvlMe69x8-00018-00005691-00005906 exhibits and photographic displays of
+rRPvlMe69x8-00019-00005907-00006116 the park's flora and fauna as well as
+rRPvlMe69x8-00020-00006117-00006418 ecology and art exhibits it houses the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00021-00006419-00006617 largest public display a vintage
+rRPvlMe69x8-00022-00006618-00006851 Louisiana duck decoys donated by the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00023-00006852-00007211 late Charles W Frank jr. the education
+rRPvlMe69x8-00024-00007212-00007490 building newly renovated in 2014 was
+rRPvlMe69x8-00025-00007491-00007667 added to the facility to serve as a
+rRPvlMe69x8-00026-00007668-00007933 separate space for educational programs
+rRPvlMe69x8-00027-00007934-00008219 there are programs and special events
+rRPvlMe69x8-00028-00008220-00008402 that run throughout the year including
+rRPvlMe69x8-00029-00008403-00008612 monthly bird walks and bird talks and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00030-00008613-00008891 periodic pet days toddler sessions day
+rRPvlMe69x8-00031-00008892-00009221 camps art shows and night hikes special
+rRPvlMe69x8-00032-00009222-00009368 events include the gem and mineral
+rRPvlMe69x8-00033-00009369-00009716 themed rockin at the swamp every March
+rRPvlMe69x8-00034-00009717-00009941 the antique water fowl decoys themed
+rRPvlMe69x8-00035-00009942-00010283 duck-duck-goose day every August and the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00036-00010284-00010541 child-friendly Halloween themed swamp
+rRPvlMe69x8-00037-00010542-00010940 haunted hikes every October gravel
+rRPvlMe69x8-00038-00010941-00011162 trails and boardwalks run through over a
+rRPvlMe69x8-00039-00011163-00011420 mile of Bald Cypress Tupelo swamp Beach
+rRPvlMe69x8-00040-00011421-00011735 Magnolia and hardwood forests birds
+rRPvlMe69x8-00041-00011736-00012035 squirrels turtles snakes insects and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00042-00012036-00012275 spiders are regularly seen inhabitants
+rRPvlMe69x8-00043-00012276-00012478 along with other common urban wildlife
+rRPvlMe69x8-00044-00012479-00012767 such as raccoons armadillos opossums and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00045-00012768-00012910 swamp cotton tails
+rRPvlMe69x8-00046-00012911-00013193 also known to visit the site are foxes
+rRPvlMe69x8-00047-00013194-00013888 coyotes deer and otters
+rRPvlMe69x8-00048-00013888-00014458 topic research activities
+rRPvlMe69x8-00049-00014459-00014722 bluebonnets swamp Nature Center was the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00050-00014723-00014891 premier Research Station for the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00051-00014891-00015112 Louisiana Bird Observatory formerly
+rRPvlMe69x8-00052-00015113-00015325 known as the blue bonnet bird monitoring
+rRPvlMe69x8-00053-00015326-00015602 project this project is designed to
+rRPvlMe69x8-00054-00015603-00015830 study year-round population trends and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00055-00015831-00015997 molting patterns in southern bird
+rRPvlMe69x8-00056-00015998-00016300 populations this project has conducted
+rRPvlMe69x8-00057-00016301-00016583 bird banding programs since March 2010
+rRPvlMe69x8-00058-00016584-00016877 since then a protocol has been drafted
+rRPvlMe69x8-00059-00016878-00017069 based on recommendations from the North
+rRPvlMe69x8-00060-00017070-00017297 American banding Council the handbook of
+rRPvlMe69x8-00061-00017298-00017464 bird monitoring techniques and the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00062-00017465-00017642 Klamath demographic network the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00063-00017643-00017861 publications produced from this project
+rRPvlMe69x8-00064-00017862-00018077 include an examination of indigo bunting
+rRPvlMe69x8-00065-00018078-00018317 molting patterns and barred owl foraging
+rRPvlMe69x8-00066-00018318-00018568 behavior thousands of birds have been
+rRPvlMe69x8-00067-00018569-00018856 banded largely by LSU undergraduate and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00068-00018857-00019069 graduate students as parts of research
+rRPvlMe69x8-00069-00019070-00019643 projects
+rRPvlMe69x8-00070-00019644-00020277 topic associated publications
+rRPvlMe69x8-00071-00020278-00020557 academic publications based on research
+rRPvlMe69x8-00072-00020558-00020938 conducted at Bluebonnet Khan pH and SR
+rRPvlMe69x8-00073-00020939-00021308 kellard 2002 children and nature
+rRPvlMe69x8-00074-00021309-00021544 psychological socio-cultural and
+rRPvlMe69x8-00075-00021545-00021750 evolutionary investigations
+rRPvlMe69x8-00076-00021751-00021925 massachusetts institute of technology
+rRPvlMe69x8-00077-00021926-00022458 press cambridge massachusetts lu r 2005
+rRPvlMe69x8-00078-00022459-00022722 last child in the woods saving our
+rRPvlMe69x8-00079-00022723-00022980 children from nature deficit disorder
+rRPvlMe69x8-00080-00022981-00023218 Algonquin books Chapel Hill North
+rRPvlMe69x8-00081-00023219-00023800 Carolina Froelich D&E sprong 2009 teens
+rRPvlMe69x8-00082-00023801-00024049 band inspiring teen bird banders as
+rRPvlMe69x8-00083-00024050-00024408 ambassadors for bird conservation pages
+rRPvlMe69x8-00084-00024409-00024817 471 to 478 in the Proceedings of the 4th
+rRPvlMe69x8-00085-00024818-00024991 international partners in flight
+rRPvlMe69x8-00086-00024992-00025408 conference tundra to tropics Sirocco jf
+rRPvlMe69x8-00087-00025409-00025792 d F de Santi and dr cashew 2008
+rRPvlMe69x8-00088-00025793-00026037 assessing land bird monitoring programs
+rRPvlMe69x8-00089-00026038-00026260 and demographic causes of population
+rRPvlMe69x8-00090-00026261-00026629 trends Journal of wildlife management 72
+rRPvlMe69x8-00091-00026630-00027627 to 1665 - 1673 wolf JD and CJ Ralph 2009
+rRPvlMe69x8-00092-00027628-00027808 effects of the El Nino Southern
+rRPvlMe69x8-00093-00027808-00028077 Oscillation on the Arctic neotropical
+rRPvlMe69x8-00094-00028078-00028308 migrant condition in Central America the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00095-00028309-00028824 och 126 to eight hundred nine - 814
+rRPvlMe69x8-00096-00028825-00028942 Ralph
+rRPvlMe69x8-00097-00028943-00029337 CJ 2001 the North American banders study
+rRPvlMe69x8-00098-00029338-00029614 guide the North American banders Council
+rRPvlMe69x8-00099-00029614-00030070 point raise station California USA Ralph
+rRPvlMe69x8-00100-00030070-00030487 CJ gr gopal people te Martin and D F de
+rRPvlMe69x8-00101-00030488-00030921 Santi 1993 handbook of field methods for
+rRPvlMe69x8-00102-00030922-00031158 monitoring land birds general technical
+rRPvlMe69x8-00103-00031159-00031669 report PSW GTR 144 Pacific Southwest
+rRPvlMe69x8-00104-00031670-00031989 Research Station u.s. Forest Service US
+rRPvlMe69x8-00105-00031991-00032299 Department of Agriculture Ralph
+rRPvlMe69x8-00106-00032300-00032764 CJ k are hauling er and RI Frey 2004
+rRPvlMe69x8-00107-00032764-00033004 redwood sciences laboratory and the
+rRPvlMe69x8-00108-00033005-00033214 Klamath demographic monitoring network
+rRPvlMe69x8-00109-00033215-00033373 mist netting station management
+rRPvlMe69x8-00110-00033374-00033489 procedures
+rRPvlMe69x8-00111-00033490-00033643 u.s.
+rRPvlMe69x8-00112-00033644-00033847 Forest Service redwoods Sciences
+rRPvlMe69x8-00113-00033848-00034267 laboratory Arcada California
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00000-00000078-00000350 foreign
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00001-00000351-00000567 [Music]
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00002-00000568-00002502 [Applause]
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00003-00002503-00004099 [Music]
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00004-00004100-00004438 I'm about to tell her we need to add a
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00005-00004439-00004613 third girlfriend to our relationship why
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00006-00004614-00004799 not I think it's a brilliant idea you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00007-00004800-00004913 really don't have that much time with
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00008-00004914-00005117 each other because we'd be so busy so
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00009-00005118-00005309 with that being said I think it'll be
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00010-00005310-00005495 pretty good but if you guys did not see
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00011-00005496-00005668 that end of the world prank she did on
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00012-00005669-00005843 me she scared me out of my sleep and
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00013-00005844-00005988 it's time for my events
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00014-00005989-00006383 get it what's up JK fam welcome back to
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00015-00006384-00006628 cat and Dad's TV it's your girl cat here
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00016-00006629-00006814 she Girl Jazz and we back out again with
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00017-00006815-00007210 our Banger videos if you're new to the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00018-00007211-00007313 channel you have not subscribed I'm
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00019-00007314-00007463 gonna need sure to hit that subscribe
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00020-00007464-00007619 button down below don't forget to turn
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00021-00007620-00007781 on your notification Bell so y'all can
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00022-00007781-00007996 get notified every time we post a new
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00023-00007997-00008255 video and go ahead and smash that like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00024-00008256-00008471 button show this channel some love and
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00025-00008472-00008723 drop your comments down below today baby
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00026-00008724-00008921 what we gonna do yeah we're today we're
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00027-00008922-00009203 doing some beehive I got some Kingwood
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00028-00009204-00009517 double tofu I got kale I got chickpeas
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00029-00009518-00010019 let me see cover your face
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00030-00010020-00010709 there you go that's my plate y'all
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00031-00010710-00010978 we got a cup of sauces on they all green
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00032-00010979-00011177 but two of them are different from the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00033-00011178-00011431 other ones but it's chimichanga
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00034-00011432-00011788 chimichurri Argentinian vegan sauce and
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00035-00011789-00012023 then the other one is
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00036-00012024-00012245 um like a herb sauce so this one's the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00037-00012246-00012437 herb
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00038-00012438-00012628 um it's more like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00039-00012629-00012844 dense and creamy and then the other one
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00040-00012845-00013108 is like a little bit more oily based
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00041-00013109-00013751 I've seen the difference now all right
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00042-00013752-00014165 I got some kale in mine tofu it's really
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00043-00014166-00014633 good and I got me some green beans
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00044-00014634-00015047 um that cream is so good
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00045-00015047-00016013 wow
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00046-00016013-00016547 no
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00047-00016548-00016858 it is so good I got sweet potatoes too
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00048-00016859-00017717 I'm all right
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00049-00017718-00018094 I got some sweet potatoes too
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00050-00018095-00018436 I don't know how we missed that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00051-00018437-00018725 work
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00052-00018726-00019052 that's awesome
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00053-00019053-00019230 [Music]
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00054-00019231-00019541 I don't know what I'm doing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00055-00019542-00019744 um
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00056-00019745-00020033 oh you go
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00057-00020034-00020243 great teacher huh
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00058-00020244-00020572 teaching people new things
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00059-00020573-00020879 well
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00060-00020880-00021641 our problems
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00061-00021642-00021899 trust me on another song
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00062-00021900-00022180 all right we should get a um
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00063-00022181-00022794 oh girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00064-00022795-00023050 I'm negative wow
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00065-00023051-00023344 why would you get a third girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00066-00023345-00023489 I've been looking around on the little
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00067-00023490-00023807 apps why was the app called like for
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00068-00023808-00023969 poly relationship Jasmine it's
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00069-00023970-00024127 definitely
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00070-00024128-00024335 I really thought we were done with the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00071-00024336-00025127 games today
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00072-00025128-00025549 that was a big piece of kale
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00073-00025550-00025756 you know
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00074-00025757-00026411 oh
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00075-00026412-00026596 what do you mean
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00076-00026597-00026867 what do you mean
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00077-00026868-00027587 all right girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00078-00027588-00028193 all right we'll get it there girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00079-00028194-00028667 that's a stud dog
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00080-00028668-00028835 I'm fine with that you don't really like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00081-00028836-00029027 stuff like that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00082-00029027-00029285 I'll be Petty for us
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00083-00029286-00029464 she needs
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00084-00029466-00029668 yeah
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00085-00029669-00030383 I'm being serious you playing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00086-00030383-00030551 you want to play with me I'll play with
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00087-00030552-00030707 you too I'm not playing though if you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00088-00030708-00031073 don't
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00089-00031074-00031231 I'm serious
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00090-00031232-00031487 why would we get a third girlfriend we
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00091-00031488-00031679 we have no problems in our relationship
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00092-00031680-00031883 we don't got no problems but she could
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00093-00031883-00032189 be about to help out talk about what you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00094-00032189-00032357 like to teach a lot
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00095-00032358-00032620 I can teach without having a third
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00096-00032622-00032723 girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00097-00032724-00032974 I can teach my kid when I have one
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00098-00032975-00033233 no kid you can't do nothing with a kid
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00099-00033234-00033395 but crazy
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00100-00033396-00033718 yeah raise it and teach it oh look this
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00101-00033719-00033893 is the thing I'm talking about tricks in
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00102-00033894-00034115 the bedroom
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00103-00034116-00034295 you know we need some girl that's gonna
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00104-00034296-00034607 hang off the chandelier chandelier
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00105-00034608-00034979 excuse me so what are you trying to do
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00106-00034980-00035302 get something excited
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00107-00035303-00035596 some craziness wild tongues in the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00108-00035597-00035723 bedroom
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00109-00035724-00035861 yeah
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00110-00035862-00036112 I can be exotic for you that's not a
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00111-00036113-00036439 problem boy you don't got time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00112-00036440-00036712 oh it's like that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00113-00036713-00036952 we don't have time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00114-00036953-00037096 just because I don't have time that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00115-00037097-00037540 don't mean nothing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00116-00037541-00037805 we're grinding I'm gonna be ground but
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00117-00037806-00038027 that's what I'm saying
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00118-00038028-00038201 no I don't know what you're saying so
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00119-00038202-00038512 please elaborate if you if you're not
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00120-00038513-00038621 available
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00121-00038622-00038855 seem to be available
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00122-00038856-00039580 to have wild times
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00123-00039581-00039874 if you're gonna be on that type of time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00124-00039875-00040189 we'll need to be together no
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00125-00040190-00041009 ain't no both of us
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00126-00041010-00041183 you benefit too
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00127-00041184-00041405 High benefit
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00128-00041406-00041639 you can rob your little or temples when
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00129-00041640-00041896 you scratch
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00130-00041897-00042143 then you get off work
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00131-00042144-00042712 mom
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00132-00042713-00043139 okay
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00133-00043140-00043457 and tell me what it is
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00134-00043458-00043829 no man
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00135-00043830-00044351 look off all the stuff
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00136-00044352-00044567 that's a nanny
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00137-00044568-00044843 I don't know
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00138-00044844-00045571 and I don't want no no other chick
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00139-00045572-00045802 it's not for both of us I don't know
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00140-00045803-00045935 where you get that from
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00141-00045936-00046252 she can benefit you too how about doing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00142-00046253-00046487 the things you need that attracts just
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00143-00046488-00047029 negative stuff in your relationship what
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00144-00047030-00047345 if you wanted something like that you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00145-00047346-00047483 should have said something before we got
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00146-00047484-00047957 married
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00147-00047958-00048143 ain't no listen
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00148-00048144-00048485 you taking it the wrong way
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00149-00048486-00048918 you can do a lot for us
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00150-00048919-00049193 you don't even have time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00151-00049194-00049402 to even do the nasty time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00152-00049403-00049608 you don't have time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00153-00049609-00050051 let her come in and let her do it
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00154-00050052-00050267 this is my excuse because you've been
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00155-00050268-00050429 doing it on the side I ain't been doing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00156-00050430-00050662 nothing on the song you just said you've
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00157-00050663-00051017 been looking on apps oh look um it's
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00158-00051018-00051190 just today
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00159-00051191-00051425 I look on the Polly out
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00160-00051426-00051635 there's a Latino chip
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00161-00051636-00051940 I've been down to do whatever
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00162-00051941-00052157 and why you get to choose
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00163-00052158-00052787 how come you get to choose
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00164-00052788-00052954 funny I ain't gonna be able to do
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00165-00052955-00053207 nothing with them
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00166-00053208-00053591 I'm not into uh Spanish girls I know I'm
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00167-00053591-00053711 not
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00168-00053712-00053926 oh well oh well I guess we ain't getting
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00169-00053927-00054137 none I guess you give another girlfriend
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00170-00054138-00054311 I can get one we both live in the house
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00171-00054312-00054532 together
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00172-00054533-00054665 there's a part of being in our
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00173-00054666-00054887 relationship we belong to start people
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00174-00054888-00055276 on the side
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00175-00055277-00055438 thank you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00176-00055439-00055697 to consider other people
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00177-00055698-00055897 we don't need to be used for both of us
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00178-00055898-00056147 you keep saying that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00179-00056148-00056344 what you mean I keep saying it
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00180-00056345-00056519 you keep saying but you just said we can
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00181-00056520-00056687 both have girlfriends so might as well
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00182-00056688-00057407 be out of this relationship
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00183-00057408-00057611 why not I feel like it'd be a bad idea
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00184-00057612-00057766 before I was against it but I was like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00185-00057767-00058019 oh since we both grinding where do you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00186-00058020-00058180 get these ideas from we don't have time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00187-00058182-00058697 to like been doing a lot of thinking
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00188-00058698-00058900 I barely get to touch their lips in the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00189-00058901-00059242 morning
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00190-00059244-00059549 we so busy
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00191-00059550-00059753 Jazz maybe you're just trying to say in
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00192-00059754-00059932 other words that we ain't working I'm
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00193-00059933-00060100 gonna be working this perfect but I'm
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00194-00060101-00060365 saying we'll work even better
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00195-00060366-00060665 if uh you know
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00196-00060666-00060899 tires that we working perfect
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00197-00060900-00061163 and you have ideas about myself even
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00198-00061164-00061609 better no ma'am
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00199-00061610-00061835 no man
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00200-00061836-00062026 that's not for me
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00201-00062027-00062357 why
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00202-00062358-00062632 I'm a one-person type of gal
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00203-00062633-00062857 oh you're a girl
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00204-00062858-00063191 you could be a girl
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00205-00063191-00063809 and we can have our gals
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00206-00063810-00064153 you don't like them or something
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00207-00064154-00064523 nobody else is one type of person I'm I
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00208-00064524-00064963 never signed up for
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00209-00064964-00065482 oh man
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00210-00065483-00066047 if you don't love me no more
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00211-00066048-00066209 just say it out
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00212-00066210-00066731 yeah nothing to do with none of that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00213-00066732-00067138 just say you're bored okay bored
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00214-00067139-00067355 and just say that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00215-00067356-00067787 you look Tom
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00216-00067788-00068071 we got a maximize our time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00217-00068072-00068356 maximize your time doing what so while
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00218-00068357-00068632 I'm working you effing
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00219-00068633-00068938 no yeah yeah no it's not always about
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00220-00068939-00069131 that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00221-00069132-00069365 you really realize people always gotta
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00222-00069366-00069599 bring sections every now
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00223-00069600-00069875 you just said off the ceiling and and
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00224-00069876-00070271 stuff sometimes yeah
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00225-00070272-00071003 we're gonna pull on the show for her
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00226-00071004-00071261 you don't like that idea I hate that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00227-00071262-00071476 idea wow
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00228-00071477-00071747 because it doesn't make me feel valued I
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00229-00071748-00071879 want to grow
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00230-00071880-00072059 on her little bottle she said she give
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00231-00072060-00072221 great massages you know my back being
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00232-00072222-00072491 knots all the time
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00233-00072492-00072659 she can bust down and give me a quick
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00234-00072660-00072881 massage with them elbows
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00235-00072882-00073355 that's cool Jazz what's wrong with that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00236-00073356-00073619 dude let me know
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00237-00073620-00073781 what's wrong with that is you can see
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00238-00073782-00073919 yourself out
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00239-00073920-00074141 I don't know you did a massage too I
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00240-00074142-00074423 ain't getting no massage from no nobody
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00241-00074424-00075556 what
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00242-00075557-00075838 you don't you just really feel like now
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00243-00075839-00076169 what you really feel like this is not it
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00244-00076170-00076426 no
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00245-00076427-00076661 man why not
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00246-00076662-00077147 it's not for me sorry
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00247-00077148-00077309 I don't think
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00248-00077310-00077573 right now you probably hate it well I
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00249-00077574-00077776 think you'll eventually like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00250-00077777-00078215 okay
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00251-00078216-00078832 you might get better
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00252-00078833-00079019 you keep Wishing Upon a Star somebody
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00253-00079020-00079276 will die to have me in their arms
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00254-00079277-00079565 by themselves but I don't know um this
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00255-00079566-00079817 is not what it is you know we can't do
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00256-00079818-00080075 that and guess what
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00257-00080076-00080494 it's over what's over with all this
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00258-00080495-00080632 what's over
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00259-00080633-00080987 this relationship I brought an idea to
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00260-00080988-00081226 the table this is not a great idea at
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00261-00081227-00081532 all it makes me feel devalued you ain't
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00262-00081533-00081773 even gonna add value to you ain't no
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00263-00081774-00082055 value added to me when I'm
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00264-00082056-00082343 I do my best to make my woman happy
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00265-00082344-00082738 babies
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00266-00082739-00083050 for real
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00267-00083051-00083269 not nice
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00268-00083270-00083753 I like that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00269-00083754-00083867 um
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00270-00083868-00084131 what do you think I'm gonna go find
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00271-00084132-00084443 another person's house
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00272-00084906-00085115 that don't make me feel good
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00273-00085116-00085559 I don't have time for
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00274-00085560-00085726 an extra person
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00275-00085727-00086285 especially when I work hard every day
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00276-00086286-00086441 I get annoyed quick you really think
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00277-00086442-00086794 might have somebody else
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00278-00086795-00087193 negative
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00279-00087194-00087449 and that's no offense to anybody else
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00280-00087450-00087659 that does that but to me I'm a
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00281-00087660-00087856 one-person type of person no I ain't
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00282-00087857-00087994 doing that challenge
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00283-00087995-00088168 I'm gonna bring another negativity to
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00284-00088169-00088361 your relationship
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00285-00088362-00088594 I was just playing guys
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00286-00088595-00088811 because technically what they what that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00287-00088812-00088991 mean is if the other person can't give
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00288-00088992-00089141 you what you want at the time then you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00289-00089142-00089321 go to the next one
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00290-00089322-00089725 I don't never do that
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00291-00089726-00090571 put your little field move
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00292-00090572-00090905 no you got me messed up
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00293-00090906-00091241 scared me out of my sleep
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00294-00091242-00091403 that was funny
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00295-00091404-00091787 for you
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00296-00091788-00092021 we all know I can't be doing all the
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00297-00092022-00092261 extra stuff this was really really good
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00298-00092262-00092441 it was good
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00299-00092442-00092818 oh yeah we're gonna close it out here
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00300-00092819-00093035 still got a little bit more I'll leave
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00301-00093036-00093293 that in a minute thank you guys so much
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00302-00093294-00093503 for tuning in with us rocking with us
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00303-00093504-00093676 all the other stuff
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00304-00093677-00093935 y'all if you haven't already done so hit
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00305-00093936-00094115 that subscribe button hit the Bell drop
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00306-00094116-00094288 some comments down below smash the like
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00307-00094289-00094667 button to show us some love you know so
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00308-00094668-00094859 yeah we are
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00309-00094860-00095236 we are out peace
+rSuADYmh_Ng-00310-00095237-00095712 [Music]
+rTIEteDpEk8-00000-00000167-00000943 [Music]
+rTIEteDpEk8-00001-00000944-00001119 great well hello everyone again so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00002-00001120-00001158 there's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00003-00001159-00001366 uh a wonderful number of people and we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00004-00001367-00001495 can actually have
+rTIEteDpEk8-00005-00001496-00001630 hopefully a discussion but it'll all
+rTIEteDpEk8-00006-00001632-00001855 have to be on the chat but we'll live
+rTIEteDpEk8-00007-00001855-00002014 with that and and do the best we can
+rTIEteDpEk8-00008-00002016-00002159 with it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00009-00002160-00002463 so we perceive the world around us
+rTIEteDpEk8-00010-00002464-00002695 through our senses we see we hear things
+rTIEteDpEk8-00011-00002696-00002910 and these observations become cognitive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00012-00002911-00003071 knowledge once we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00013-00003072-00003295 process them and think about them and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00014-00003296-00003438 they become cognitive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00015-00003439-00003631 in in our in our in our heads and our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00016-00003632-00003790 brains and our minds
+rTIEteDpEk8-00017-00003792-00004038 now recent psychology has shown that the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00018-00004039-00004247 actual barriers between perception and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00019-00004248-00004327 cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00020-00004328-00004535 are very very blurry people used to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00021-00004536-00004670 think they are quite separate
+rTIEteDpEk8-00022-00004671-00004967 but they're not um and there's room
+rTIEteDpEk8-00023-00004968-00005151 there for for misinterpretation of what
+rTIEteDpEk8-00024-00005152-00005238 you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00025-00005239-00005463 at every step so we're going to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00026-00005464-00005615 discussing that today
+rTIEteDpEk8-00027-00005616-00005838 i'm sam san curie and i'll be discussing
+rTIEteDpEk8-00028-00005839-00006054 these aspects of data visualization with
+rTIEteDpEk8-00029-00006055-00006167 you today
+rTIEteDpEk8-00030-00006168-00006334 first a little bit about how this is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00031-00006335-00006727 going to work
+rTIEteDpEk8-00032-00006728-00006951 so i had been hoping that this would be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00033-00006952-00007151 a more interactive workshop but hop in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00034-00007152-00007319 doesn't really quite work that way
+rTIEteDpEk8-00035-00007320-00007495 although it is fabulous for different
+rTIEteDpEk8-00036-00007495-00007583 things
+rTIEteDpEk8-00037-00007584-00007814 um and so i can't see you i can see how
+rTIEteDpEk8-00038-00007815-00007991 many people have joined and i can see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00039-00007992-00008095 the chat
+rTIEteDpEk8-00040-00008095-00008439 so um but i can't see who you actually
+rTIEteDpEk8-00041-00008440-00008599 are i can't see any faces etc
+rTIEteDpEk8-00042-00008600-00008799 and if we are to have a chat it only
+rTIEteDpEk8-00043-00008800-00008951 allows something like nine people
+rTIEteDpEk8-00044-00008952-00009014 maximum
+rTIEteDpEk8-00045-00009015-00009167 i'm sure they're working hard at making
+rTIEteDpEk8-00046-00009168-00009335 it zoom like but it's not quite
+rTIEteDpEk8-00047-00009336-00009606 there yet with that so i can't see you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00048-00009607-00009774 it's gonna be more of a webinar
+rTIEteDpEk8-00049-00009775-00009967 the only way to interact is through the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00050-00009968-00010135 chat but that's cool
+rTIEteDpEk8-00051-00010136-00010335 because i will be there'll be some
+rTIEteDpEk8-00052-00010336-00010519 points where i'll be talking a bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-00053-00010520-00010710 and then showing you uh something that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00054-00010711-00010887 i'd like your feedback on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00055-00010888-00011151 um if yeah we have been spoiled by zoom
+rTIEteDpEk8-00056-00011152-00011214 um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00057-00011215-00011455 if you could please uh write in the chat
+rTIEteDpEk8-00058-00011456-00011646 uh this is what you think or here is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00059-00011647-00011806 your response to what i've asked or
+rTIEteDpEk8-00060-00011807-00011927 something like that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00061-00011928-00012119 also please feel free to ask questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-00062-00012120-00012303 in the chat i'll see them coming in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00063-00012304-00012463 i'll probably answer most of them as we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00064-00012464-00012663 go along but if i find that there are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00065-00012664-00012815 some very open questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-00066-00012816-00013022 that are discussion worthy i'll keep
+rTIEteDpEk8-00067-00013023-00013215 them till the end if that's okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00068-00013216-00013527 so um with that let me make sure that i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00069-00013528-00013758 still know what i'm doing yep here we go
+rTIEteDpEk8-00070-00013759-00013919 keep calm and visualize data that's one
+rTIEteDpEk8-00071-00013919-00014151 of my favorite things i began with keep
+rTIEteDpEk8-00072-00014152-00014303 calm and analyze data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00073-00014304-00014527 and then i became visualized data and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00074-00014528-00014647 now i use
+rTIEteDpEk8-00075-00014647-00014879 data but it doesn't matter really as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00076-00014880-00015094 long as we're all keeping calm
+rTIEteDpEk8-00077-00015095-00015279 what i'm hoping that you'll walk away
+rTIEteDpEk8-00078-00015280-00015422 with today is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00079-00015423-00015679 um a little bit about what is data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00080-00015680-00015871 visualization really what do we mean by
+rTIEteDpEk8-00081-00015872-00015927 data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00082-00015928-00016158 what do we mean by visualization and how
+rTIEteDpEk8-00083-00016159-00016303 how that works
+rTIEteDpEk8-00084-00016304-00016527 how you interpret the data vis that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00085-00016528-00016655 you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00086-00016656-00016967 um and so i don't produce data anymore
+rTIEteDpEk8-00087-00016968-00017199 i'm i'm very much of well i suppose i've
+rTIEteDpEk8-00088-00017200-00017399 always been an enabler of dataviz
+rTIEteDpEk8-00089-00017400-00017558 i do a little bit of database but not
+rTIEteDpEk8-00090-00017559-00017719 really much and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00091-00017720-00017943 i think it's our responsibility as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00092-00017944-00018150 producers users
+rTIEteDpEk8-00093-00018151-00018399 enablers of datavis to actually do it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00094-00018400-00018494 responsibly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00095-00018495-00018655 so that's basically what i'm going to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00096-00018656-00018879 talking about during this session
+rTIEteDpEk8-00097-00018880-00019079 um i won't be doing this in a linear
+rTIEteDpEk8-00098-00019080-00019303 fashion you'll kind of absorb by osmosis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00099-00019304-00019375 as we go along
+rTIEteDpEk8-00100-00019376-00019550 i think it's more fun that way but
+rTIEteDpEk8-00101-00019551-00019735 anyway again please ask questions and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00102-00019736-00020039 i'll get to them as we go
+rTIEteDpEk8-00103-00020040-00020494 um so then here we go um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00104-00020495-00020703 the perception and cognition with data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00105-00020704-00020807 visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00106-00020808-00020999 is something that is fascinated me for a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00107-00021000-00021111 very long time
+rTIEteDpEk8-00108-00021112-00021319 so take the image here for example you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00109-00021320-00021478 see three bars
+rTIEteDpEk8-00110-00021479-00021663 and the three bars taken on their own
+rTIEteDpEk8-00111-00021664-00021783 show growth
+rTIEteDpEk8-00112-00021784-00022030 it's a straight line going upwards this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00113-00022031-00022207 is what you might show your voters for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00114-00022208-00022263 example
+rTIEteDpEk8-00115-00022264-00022414 if you're running for elections or your
+rTIEteDpEk8-00116-00022415-00022575 shareholders if you're
+rTIEteDpEk8-00117-00022576-00022822 in a business and so on but look at the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00118-00022823-00022927 orange line
+rTIEteDpEk8-00119-00022928-00023183 that orange line tells a story of ups
+rTIEteDpEk8-00120-00023184-00023307 and downs
+rTIEteDpEk8-00121-00023308-00023655 reassessments new strategies that orange
+rTIEteDpEk8-00122-00023656-00023703 line
+rTIEteDpEk8-00123-00023704-00023927 is the line of resilience actually it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00124-00023928-00024086 showing that you are resilient and that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00125-00024087-00024294 you can re-strategize and continue to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00126-00024295-00024367 grow
+rTIEteDpEk8-00127-00024368-00024599 so in fact perhaps that orange line is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00128-00024600-00024742 the one that your shareholders
+rTIEteDpEk8-00129-00024743-00024950 would like to see rather than just a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00130-00024951-00025063 straightforward growth
+rTIEteDpEk8-00131-00025064-00025271 all the time it's it's a more of a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00132-00025272-00025399 nuance it's a nicer
+rTIEteDpEk8-00133-00025400-00025750 picture so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00134-00025751-00025983 what you perceive is what you see what
+rTIEteDpEk8-00135-00025983-00026055 you hear
+rTIEteDpEk8-00136-00026056-00026318 new information that you take in how you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00137-00026319-00026479 understand what you perceive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00138-00026480-00026711 is your cognition it is about matching
+rTIEteDpEk8-00139-00026712-00026855 the new information
+rTIEteDpEk8-00140-00026856-00027023 to pre-existing knowledge that you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00141-00027024-00027174 already have
+rTIEteDpEk8-00142-00027175-00027414 so here i've used a very simple pie
+rTIEteDpEk8-00143-00027416-00027607 chart basically
+rTIEteDpEk8-00144-00027608-00027831 very simple diagram i could have used a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00145-00027832-00027918 jigsaw puzzle
+rTIEteDpEk8-00146-00027919-00028287 just as easily now if your existing
+rTIEteDpEk8-00147-00028288-00028367 knowledge
+rTIEteDpEk8-00148-00028368-00028614 is already biased towards something
+rTIEteDpEk8-00149-00028616-00028751 whether consciously or
+rTIEteDpEk8-00150-00028752-00029014 unconsciously then your cognition of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00151-00029016-00029143 that new information
+rTIEteDpEk8-00152-00029144-00029487 is bound to be colored by it so here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00153-00029488-00029799 i have used words such as color and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00154-00029800-00030158 bias and whereas earlier you were just
+rTIEteDpEk8-00155-00030160-00030335 thinking perception cognition have fun
+rTIEteDpEk8-00156-00030336-00030567 now i've talked about bias and color
+rTIEteDpEk8-00157-00030568-00030799 i've created a whole realm of thought
+rTIEteDpEk8-00158-00030800-00031023 processes in your head so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00159-00031024-00031231 we all know the power of the words we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00160-00031232-00031335 use
+rTIEteDpEk8-00161-00031336-00031487 and this is about the power of the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00162-00031488-00031718 images we see a picture speaks a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00163-00031719-00031807 thousand words
+rTIEteDpEk8-00164-00031808-00031974 and and this is really what what that's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00165-00031975-00032223 all about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00166-00032224-00032431 the way it works is this we have our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00167-00032432-00032687 visual cortex at the back of the brain
+rTIEteDpEk8-00168-00032688-00032855 i mean we all know that our mothers had
+rTIEteDpEk8-00169-00032856-00032990 eyes at the back of the head and so on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00170-00032991-00033151 but that is actually
+rTIEteDpEk8-00171-00033152-00033311 we see things through our eyes and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00172-00033312-00033462 they're processed the back of the brain
+rTIEteDpEk8-00173-00033463-00033702 and the visual cortex
+rTIEteDpEk8-00174-00033703-00034015 our cognition is in the it's kind of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00175-00034016-00034239 frontal cerebral cortex thing which is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00176-00034240-00034359 sort of on the front
+rTIEteDpEk8-00177-00034360-00034751 kind of and this is slower than the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00178-00034752-00034871 visual perception
+rTIEteDpEk8-00179-00034872-00035159 so the visual cortex is rapid really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00180-00035160-00035239 fast
+rTIEteDpEk8-00181-00035240-00035535 the speed between what we see and our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00182-00035536-00035702 knowledge that we've seen something
+rTIEteDpEk8-00183-00035703-00036023 is is extremely fast but our cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00184-00036024-00036199 of it our understanding about what we've
+rTIEteDpEk8-00185-00036200-00036246 seen
+rTIEteDpEk8-00186-00036247-00036543 is a lot lot slower so david kahneman
+rTIEteDpEk8-00187-00036544-00036735 and people have talked about system one
+rTIEteDpEk8-00188-00036736-00036902 and system two thinking this is what it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00189-00036903-00036935 is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00190-00036936-00037223 system one's rapid quick intuitive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00191-00037224-00037279 almost
+rTIEteDpEk8-00192-00037280-00037423 and the other one takes a little bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-00193-00037424-00037751 longer so data visualizations
+rTIEteDpEk8-00194-00037752-00037967 any image really makes the process of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00195-00037968-00038135 understanding data simpler
+rTIEteDpEk8-00196-00038136-00038302 by giving our brains a little visual
+rTIEteDpEk8-00197-00038303-00038495 help to try and think about the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00198-00038496-00038583 more quickly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00199-00038584-00038830 a little bit more deeply perhaps as well
+rTIEteDpEk8-00200-00038831-00039023 things like bar charts and pie charts
+rTIEteDpEk8-00201-00039024-00039102 are simple
+rTIEteDpEk8-00202-00039103-00039351 easy intuitive we're used to them we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00203-00039352-00039407 know what they
+rTIEteDpEk8-00204-00039408-00039830 say okay here are some examples
+rTIEteDpEk8-00205-00039831-00040055 here's a bar chart a pie in the middle
+rTIEteDpEk8-00206-00040056-00040246 and a line showing trends at the on the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00207-00040247-00040327 right
+rTIEteDpEk8-00208-00040328-00040511 we can all see how well this company is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00209-00040512-00040702 doing right record sales
+rTIEteDpEk8-00210-00040703-00040958 and all of it using fancy visualizations
+rTIEteDpEk8-00211-00040959-00041095 right
+rTIEteDpEk8-00212-00041096-00041335 but what scale did this person use for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00213-00041336-00041495 the bars on the left
+rTIEteDpEk8-00214-00041496-00041687 and take a closer look at that pie in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00215-00041688-00041951 the middle it might be evenly sliced
+rTIEteDpEk8-00216-00041952-00042111 a little bit more than they like us to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00217-00042112-00042295 think and then
+rTIEteDpEk8-00218-00042296-00042527 that thing at the end there with with
+rTIEteDpEk8-00219-00042528-00042687 the soaring line
+rTIEteDpEk8-00220-00042688-00043087 hmm see how this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00221-00043088-00043246 already we're looking at it and already
+rTIEteDpEk8-00222-00043247-00043390 we're looking at sword
+rTIEteDpEk8-00223-00043391-00043687 shares of company market record sales
+rTIEteDpEk8-00224-00043688-00043879 but let's explore this data a little bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-00225-00043880-00043927 more
+rTIEteDpEk8-00226-00043928-00044118 deeply let's let's look at it a little
+rTIEteDpEk8-00227-00044119-00044407 bit more closely
+rTIEteDpEk8-00228-00044408-00044607 so this is what it looks like when you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00229-00044608-00044774 actually use sensible scales
+rTIEteDpEk8-00230-00044775-00044990 and a sensible visualization to look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00231-00044991-00045158 your data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00232-00045159-00045351 what you find is that this company is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00233-00045352-00045535 doing worse than its main competitor
+rTIEteDpEk8-00234-00045536-00045767 in terms of dollar sales it does not
+rTIEteDpEk8-00235-00045768-00045974 have a major market slice of the of the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00236-00045975-00046127 market share pie
+rTIEteDpEk8-00237-00046128-00046407 and while its sales since 2011 have not
+rTIEteDpEk8-00238-00046408-00046630 exactly soared at all
+rTIEteDpEk8-00239-00046631-00046783 and so this is how perception and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00240-00046784-00046999 cognition can be manipulated by
+rTIEteDpEk8-00241-00047000-00047335 bad data visualization or manipulative
+rTIEteDpEk8-00242-00047336-00047390 data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00243-00047391-00047735 visualization at least
+rTIEteDpEk8-00244-00047736-00047974 remember these lines i'm sure we've all
+rTIEteDpEk8-00245-00047975-00048039 seen them
+rTIEteDpEk8-00246-00048040-00048223 we've all played games with these types
+rTIEteDpEk8-00247-00048224-00048351 of things right
+rTIEteDpEk8-00248-00048352-00048527 which one is the longest do you want to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00249-00048528-00048695 write in the chat
+rTIEteDpEk8-00250-00048696-00048902 oh my gosh i've got 33 people listening
+rTIEteDpEk8-00251-00048903-00049086 to me i hope you're all enjoying this so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00252-00049087-00049158 far
+rTIEteDpEk8-00253-00049159-00049407 um could you please write in the chat if
+rTIEteDpEk8-00254-00049408-00049543 you know about this already
+rTIEteDpEk8-00255-00049544-00049783 yeah exactly exactly exactly so a lot of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00256-00049784-00049999 people the middle tom says yep
+rTIEteDpEk8-00257-00050000-00050207 okay katya says they're the same the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00258-00050208-00050415 middle one is obviously the longest says
+rTIEteDpEk8-00259-00050416-00050455 jim
+rTIEteDpEk8-00260-00050456-00050807 okay yeah no the same okay brilliant
+rTIEteDpEk8-00261-00050808-00051071 well so i'm going to spoil it a little
+rTIEteDpEk8-00262-00051072-00051167 for you guys here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00263-00051168-00051430 and i'm going to tell you the real story
+rTIEteDpEk8-00264-00051432-00051711 this is a very famous optical illusion
+rTIEteDpEk8-00265-00051712-00051990 and these lines are actually exactly the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00266-00051991-00052087 same length
+rTIEteDpEk8-00267-00052088-00052294 okay they are probably all the same
+rTIEteDpEk8-00268-00052295-00052582 length yes sorry jim
+rTIEteDpEk8-00269-00052583-00052823 they are the same length this is this is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00270-00052824-00053030 a this is an optical illusion
+rTIEteDpEk8-00271-00053032-00053342 that is used quite a lot in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00272-00053344-00053550 explaining about data visualizations and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00273-00053551-00053719 how yeah absolutely
+rTIEteDpEk8-00274-00053720-00053919 i know tom it fooled me too the first
+rTIEteDpEk8-00275-00053920-00054054 time i saw it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00276-00054055-00054319 um and so this is exactly what we talk
+rTIEteDpEk8-00277-00054320-00054471 about when we talk about manipulative
+rTIEteDpEk8-00278-00054472-00054671 data visualization you can use optical
+rTIEteDpEk8-00279-00054672-00054735 illusion
+rTIEteDpEk8-00280-00054736-00054959 to play games with your perception and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00281-00054960-00055047 your cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00282-00055048-00055215 a little bit like those colored and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00283-00055216-00055503 biased words i used earlier on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00284-00055504-00055742 and tricks with data visualizations use
+rTIEteDpEk8-00285-00055744-00055950 a lot of these things
+rTIEteDpEk8-00286-00055951-00056366 so here's another one see now again
+rTIEteDpEk8-00287-00056367-00056647 what you if you look carefully at at the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00288-00056648-00056807 triangles and circles on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00289-00056808-00057047 on the right you'll see that the white
+rTIEteDpEk8-00290-00057048-00057111 triangle
+rTIEteDpEk8-00291-00057112-00057438 isn't actually drawn per se okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00292-00057439-00057735 there's there's kind of pac-man circles
+rTIEteDpEk8-00293-00057736-00057815 and there's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00294-00057816-00058150 like you know bits of triangles but the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00295-00058151-00058294 white triangle in the middle
+rTIEteDpEk8-00296-00058295-00058494 there's no drawing of it you just
+rTIEteDpEk8-00297-00058495-00058687 perceive it because of the way the other
+rTIEteDpEk8-00298-00058688-00058830 things are arranged
+rTIEteDpEk8-00299-00058832-00059111 again this is another optical illusion
+rTIEteDpEk8-00300-00059112-00059223 okay and again
+rTIEteDpEk8-00301-00059224-00059559 data visualization type of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00302-00059560-00059750 techniques use these kinds of things
+rTIEteDpEk8-00303-00059751-00060103 quite a bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-00304-00060104-00060342 so we've talked about data we've shown
+rTIEteDpEk8-00305-00060344-00060494 optical illusions we've talked about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00306-00060495-00060679 perception and cognition i'd like to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00307-00060679-00060919 take a step back and actually talk about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00308-00060920-00061166 data not for long i know i know i know
+rTIEteDpEk8-00309-00061167-00061335 this is about visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00310-00061336-00061566 we're not doing data analysis here but i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00311-00061567-00061735 really think it's important to just take
+rTIEteDpEk8-00312-00061736-00061823 a step back
+rTIEteDpEk8-00313-00061824-00062199 and think a little bit about data okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00314-00062200-00062494 so you can think of data points as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00315-00062495-00062591 measurements
+rTIEteDpEk8-00316-00062591-00062903 evidence things you can tangibly assess
+rTIEteDpEk8-00317-00062904-00063199 number of books on a shelf the number of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00318-00063200-00063254 words
+rTIEteDpEk8-00319-00063255-00063519 in the book for example the kind of text
+rTIEteDpEk8-00320-00063520-00063630 in these books
+rTIEteDpEk8-00321-00063632-00063935 and so on you look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00322-00063936-00064103 the graphs these graphs in the middle of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00323-00064104-00064254 the picture there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00324-00064255-00064575 they show prices of stocks being traded
+rTIEteDpEk8-00325-00064576-00064830 the excel spreadsheet at the bottom are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00326-00064832-00064919 amounts of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00327-00064920-00065166 certain substances in a cell in a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00328-00065167-00065382 biology genomics lab
+rTIEteDpEk8-00329-00065383-00065615 and these are measurements okay they are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00330-00065616-00065735 hard evidence
+rTIEteDpEk8-00331-00065736-00065959 there's no denying that these are actual
+rTIEteDpEk8-00332-00065960-00066087 data points
+rTIEteDpEk8-00333-00066088-00066543 taken with care and scientific precision
+rTIEteDpEk8-00334-00066544-00066767 but choosing your data source is where
+rTIEteDpEk8-00335-00066768-00066950 it all begins
+rTIEteDpEk8-00336-00066951-00067167 where you choose which library you go to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00337-00067168-00067335 count the number of books or to look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00338-00067336-00067494 the text within those books
+rTIEteDpEk8-00339-00067495-00067831 okay which population you choose to send
+rTIEteDpEk8-00340-00067832-00067935 your surveys to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00341-00067936-00068271 you're already introducing some level of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00342-00068272-00068463 limitation when you choose your data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00343-00068464-00068759 sources right there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00344-00068760-00069071 and the bias continues in terms of how
+rTIEteDpEk8-00345-00069072-00069215 you collect your data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00346-00069216-00069487 what questions you ask in your surveys
+rTIEteDpEk8-00347-00069488-00069631 what kind of text
+rTIEteDpEk8-00348-00069632-00069855 are you looking at what which types of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00349-00069856-00069967 books are you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00350-00069968-00070191 are you counting all books do you count
+rTIEteDpEk8-00351-00070192-00070415 pamphlets do you count monographs
+rTIEteDpEk8-00352-00070416-00070711 or just non-fiction or fiction so at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00353-00070712-00070799 every step
+rTIEteDpEk8-00354-00070800-00071015 of choosing our data source collecting
+rTIEteDpEk8-00355-00071016-00071103 our data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00356-00071104-00071279 we are already choosing those
+rTIEteDpEk8-00357-00071280-00071526 assumptions and limitations and and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00358-00071527-00071799 putting it putting it into a box already
+rTIEteDpEk8-00359-00071800-00071926 of our sample
+rTIEteDpEk8-00360-00071927-00072294 of data that we're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00361-00072295-00072543 this is an example of how not to do a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00362-00072544-00072719 data visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00363-00072720-00073038 your perception needs some glasses okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00364-00073039-00073247 and your cognition just wants to scroll
+rTIEteDpEk8-00365-00073248-00073471 on over something a little bit easier to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00366-00073472-00073575 interpret
+rTIEteDpEk8-00367-00073576-00073823 now i lived in the us for 16 years i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00368-00073824-00073999 love everybody in it i've got
+rTIEteDpEk8-00369-00074000-00074206 lovely friends from alabama please don't
+rTIEteDpEk8-00370-00074207-00074326 take this the wrong way
+rTIEteDpEk8-00371-00074327-00074535 but this is a chart from alabama public
+rTIEteDpEk8-00372-00074536-00074711 health trying to show
+rTIEteDpEk8-00373-00074712-00074975 the co the people who have been affected
+rTIEteDpEk8-00374-00074976-00075015 with
+rTIEteDpEk8-00375-00075016-00075343 covid but there's a lot wrong with this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00376-00075344-00075567 data vis as a data visualization there's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00377-00075568-00075711 a lot wrong with it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00378-00075712-00075919 first i don't think a pie chart is the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00379-00075920-00076119 best way to present this particular data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00380-00076120-00076271 the colors are a nightmare
+rTIEteDpEk8-00381-00076272-00076543 okay there are too many segments to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00382-00076544-00076782 really understand what is going on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00383-00076783-00077023 and then where did this data come from
+rTIEteDpEk8-00384-00077024-00077255 this is the result of the june 24th
+rTIEteDpEk8-00385-00077256-00077423 alabama fact sheet
+rTIEteDpEk8-00386-00077424-00077615 it is supposed to be based on counts
+rTIEteDpEk8-00387-00077616-00077750 actual number of people
+rTIEteDpEk8-00388-00077751-00077959 in the hospital with covid for example
+rTIEteDpEk8-00389-00077960-00078150 okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00390-00078151-00078535 but look at race and look at ethnicity
+rTIEteDpEk8-00391-00078536-00078871 black white and hispanic
+rTIEteDpEk8-00392-00078872-00079071 is a pie chart ever a good date of his
+rTIEteDpEk8-00393-00079072-00079271 yeah i kind of agree with you there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00394-00079272-00079582 absolutely um sometimes it is this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00395-00079583-00079719 definitely isn't
+rTIEteDpEk8-00396-00079720-00079919 um and there's a lot wrong with how
+rTIEteDpEk8-00397-00079920-00080094 they've spaced out the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00398-00080095-00080231 there's a lot wrong with how they've
+rTIEteDpEk8-00399-00080232-00080399 used the same color let's say for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00400-00080400-00080511 example green
+rTIEteDpEk8-00401-00080512-00080838 to denote unknown and 65 years and many
+rTIEteDpEk8-00402-00080839-00080991 other things as well
+rTIEteDpEk8-00403-00080992-00081255 unknown is green in one chart and purple
+rTIEteDpEk8-00404-00081256-00081423 in another and something else in another
+rTIEteDpEk8-00405-00081424-00081631 so it's extremely confusing you have to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00406-00081632-00081743 work really hard
+rTIEteDpEk8-00407-00081744-00082031 to understand this database and then
+rTIEteDpEk8-00408-00082032-00082231 when you think about how they've grouped
+rTIEteDpEk8-00409-00082232-00082535 race and ethnicity is that any is it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00410-00082536-00082718 actually informative at all does this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00411-00082719-00082911 actually tell us anything useful
+rTIEteDpEk8-00412-00082912-00083167 and meaningful so this is data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00413-00083168-00083375 collection this is data grouping
+rTIEteDpEk8-00414-00083376-00083735 already there cleaning the data is an
+rTIEteDpEk8-00415-00083736-00083943 important and necessary step because
+rTIEteDpEk8-00416-00083944-00084159 raw field data of every description is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00417-00084160-00084375 dirty there's always missing values and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00418-00084376-00084535 so on and so forth right
+rTIEteDpEk8-00419-00084536-00084750 so when you say let me do a first quick
+rTIEteDpEk8-00420-00084751-00084926 pass let me just have a quick look to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00421-00084927-00084999 see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00422-00085000-00085199 where are my outliers how can i clean up
+rTIEteDpEk8-00423-00085200-00085367 this data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00424-00085368-00085599 outliers brings up another thing i'd
+rTIEteDpEk8-00425-00085600-00085806 like to just spend a few seconds talking
+rTIEteDpEk8-00426-00085807-00085887 about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00427-00085888-00086094 these are a couple of examples of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00428-00086095-00086215 outliers
+rTIEteDpEk8-00429-00086216-00086399 these graphs come from an educational
+rTIEteDpEk8-00430-00086400-00086638 resource explaining what outliers are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00431-00086639-00086838 so there's no labels on the axes at all
+rTIEteDpEk8-00432-00086839-00086967 et cetera okay that's fine
+rTIEteDpEk8-00433-00086968-00087215 this is a made-up data set but they are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00434-00087216-00087271 clear
+rTIEteDpEk8-00435-00087272-00087479 unambiguous charts they're good data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00436-00087480-00087703 visualizations that tell a really good
+rTIEteDpEk8-00437-00087704-00087775 story
+rTIEteDpEk8-00438-00087776-00088047 you can see where the outliers are sort
+rTIEteDpEk8-00439-00088048-00088126 of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00440-00088127-00088303 um and you can see where they maybe
+rTIEteDpEk8-00441-00088304-00088462 outliers are in that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00442-00088463-00088718 the the question marks uh in that on the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00443-00088719-00088894 scatter plot
+rTIEteDpEk8-00444-00088895-00089167 um so what do you do with outliers by
+rTIEteDpEk8-00445-00089168-00089303 choosing not to take
+rTIEteDpEk8-00446-00089304-00089599 an outlier you are already interpreting
+rTIEteDpEk8-00447-00089600-00089662 your data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00448-00089663-00089871 in some respects right you're already
+rTIEteDpEk8-00449-00089872-00090038 slightly changing
+rTIEteDpEk8-00450-00090039-00090311 or streamlining the story that the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00451-00090312-00090415 is trying to tell you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00452-00090416-00090718 you already started interpreting it back
+rTIEteDpEk8-00453-00090719-00090943 when i was a research scientist i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00454-00090944-00091159 made thousands of graphs like these okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00455-00091160-00091399 what did i do with the outliers
+rTIEteDpEk8-00456-00091400-00091679 i thought about them very carefully
+rTIEteDpEk8-00457-00091680-00091735 often
+rTIEteDpEk8-00458-00091736-00092015 i'd had to delete them but i thought
+rTIEteDpEk8-00459-00092016-00092150 about them very carefully
+rTIEteDpEk8-00460-00092151-00092406 and sometimes even the ones i deleted i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00461-00092407-00092638 came back to later on and kind of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00462-00092639-00092871 really dug in to see whether they were
+rTIEteDpEk8-00463-00092872-00093087 actually the story i was looking for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00464-00093088-00093279 rather than that big wonderful trend in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00465-00093280-00093406 the middle there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00466-00093407-00093623 very important to take a minute to think
+rTIEteDpEk8-00467-00093624-00093911 about your outliers
+rTIEteDpEk8-00468-00093912-00094231 so that's with data um collection and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00469-00094232-00094343 data cleanup
+rTIEteDpEk8-00470-00094344-00094543 um and handling the data and then you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00471-00094544-00094735 come to data analysis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00472-00094736-00094991 and here well which model you choose to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00473-00094992-00095206 analyze the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00474-00095207-00095438 and the thresholds you impose on your
+rTIEteDpEk8-00475-00095439-00095582 analysis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00476-00095583-00095711 well that could be the subject of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00477-00095712-00095918 another whole long discussion
+rTIEteDpEk8-00478-00095919-00096191 that's a whole other thing there is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00479-00096192-00096399 almost an infant number of algorithms an
+rTIEteDpEk8-00480-00096400-00096574 infinite number of models that you can
+rTIEteDpEk8-00481-00096575-00096743 use to analyze your data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00482-00096744-00096926 to make it interpretable to make it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00483-00096927-00097135 information rather than just strings of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00484-00097136-00097311 numbers and letters
+rTIEteDpEk8-00485-00097312-00097511 data analysis analysts are designing new
+rTIEteDpEk8-00486-00097512-00097694 algorithms by the second because every
+rTIEteDpEk8-00487-00097695-00097759 data set
+rTIEteDpEk8-00488-00097760-00098006 every situation needs a little bit more
+rTIEteDpEk8-00489-00098007-00098255 thought a little bit more nuance to it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00490-00098256-00098550 if i was to talk about an example of a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00491-00098551-00098726 bad algorithm
+rTIEteDpEk8-00492-00098727-00098911 i'd talk about the a-level fiasco a few
+rTIEteDpEk8-00493-00098912-00099087 weeks ago my daughter was caught up in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00494-00099088-00099447 it but let's not let's not go there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00495-00099448-00099718 this graph is quite famous it shows
+rTIEteDpEk8-00496-00099719-00099782 about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00497-00099783-00099999 what happens when you analyze rubbish
+rTIEteDpEk8-00498-00100000-00100167 data with an excellent model
+rTIEteDpEk8-00499-00100168-00100374 and you end up with rubbish rubbish
+rTIEteDpEk8-00500-00100375-00100479 results
+rTIEteDpEk8-00501-00100480-00100615 that's probably what happened with a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00502-00100616-00100871 levels or you can have
+rTIEteDpEk8-00503-00100872-00101071 excellent data with a rubbish model and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00504-00101072-00101255 that could also end up with rubbish
+rTIEteDpEk8-00505-00101256-00101423 results that's what happened with a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00506-00101424-00101615 levels
+rTIEteDpEk8-00507-00101616-00101806 of course you can have excellent data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00508-00101807-00102047 and just the right correct type of model
+rTIEteDpEk8-00509-00102048-00102287 an honest algorithm that gives you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00510-00102288-00102478 exactly what the data trying to tell you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00511-00102479-00102710 and then you end up with with happiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00512-00102711-00102958 all around
+rTIEteDpEk8-00513-00102959-00103190 the thing is really that data doesn't
+rTIEteDpEk8-00514-00103191-00103375 lie and once collected
+rTIEteDpEk8-00515-00103376-00103558 and as you are analyzing it and at every
+rTIEteDpEk8-00516-00103559-00103742 step it's telling you a story
+rTIEteDpEk8-00517-00103743-00103975 it's trying to tell you a story we hear
+rTIEteDpEk8-00518-00103976-00104102 about data driven
+rTIEteDpEk8-00519-00104103-00104342 data driven is the data talking to you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00520-00104343-00104510 and you have to be open to listen to it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00521-00104511-00104639 and you have to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00522-00104640-00104878 be responsible enough to portray it as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00523-00104879-00105039 it is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00524-00105040-00105286 so that's that's all about i really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00525-00105288-00105454 wanted to say about working with data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00526-00105455-00105654 the models the algorithms that lead you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00527-00105655-00106071 towards your data visualization story
+rTIEteDpEk8-00528-00106072-00106407 now let's look at this this is a data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00529-00106408-00106447 vis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00530-00106448-00106719 of global happiness according to a deep
+rTIEteDpEk8-00531-00106720-00106934 data dive presented at the international
+rTIEteDpEk8-00532-00106935-00107110 visual informatics conference
+rTIEteDpEk8-00533-00107111-00107447 a few years ago what do you see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00534-00107448-00107671 please use the chat here and tell me
+rTIEteDpEk8-00535-00107672-00107783 tell me what you see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00536-00107783-00108023 tell me your first impressions obviously
+rTIEteDpEk8-00537-00108024-00108166 it's a world map
+rTIEteDpEk8-00538-00108167-00108502 okay obviously there's a scale on top
+rTIEteDpEk8-00539-00108503-00108871 it goes from unhappiness in red
+rTIEteDpEk8-00540-00108872-00109254 to dark blue that is happy
+rTIEteDpEk8-00541-00109255-00109575 look at this the spacing of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00542-00109576-00109871 of what they've done look at the iciness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00543-00109872-00110007 wealth equals happiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00544-00110008-00110190 yes that's definitely one thing that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00545-00110191-00110566 your cognition recognizes in this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00546-00110567-00110743 what else tell me what you think about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00547-00110744-00110895 the database tell me what you think
+rTIEteDpEk8-00548-00110896-00111071 about the choice of color
+rTIEteDpEk8-00549-00111072-00111271 what defines happy yes absolutely they
+rTIEteDpEk8-00550-00111272-00111454 had they had algorithms and models to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00551-00111455-00111551 define happy
+rTIEteDpEk8-00552-00111552-00111823 what was measured yes tell me about the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00553-00111824-00111943 data vis itself
+rTIEteDpEk8-00554-00111944-00112158 the colors that they chose the further
+rTIEteDpEk8-00555-00112159-00112343 one moves from start to finish
+rTIEteDpEk8-00556-00112344-00112599 the more likely it is to show reality
+rTIEteDpEk8-00557-00112600-00112727 hmm
+rTIEteDpEk8-00558-00112728-00112927 interesting europe is hard to read with
+rTIEteDpEk8-00559-00112928-00113158 the shades of blue yes
+rTIEteDpEk8-00560-00113159-00113415 yes absolutely quite a mixed bag there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00561-00113416-00113483 europe
+rTIEteDpEk8-00562-00113483-00113919 yep what else do you see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00563-00113920-00114175 so in terms of pure data visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00564-00114176-00114223 okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00565-00114224-00114543 talking about data vis only
+rTIEteDpEk8-00566-00114544-00114766 not about the model not about the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00567-00114767-00114871 okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00568-00114872-00115071 white is in the middle happy as blue sad
+rTIEteDpEk8-00569-00115072-00115215 as red exactly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00570-00115216-00115463 right thank you tank tank thunderbird
+rTIEteDpEk8-00571-00115464-00115590 all right is that your real name should
+rTIEteDpEk8-00572-00115591-00115766 i call you tank okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00573-00115767-00116102 africa bad yeah totally brilliant so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00574-00116103-00116327 so exactly in in terms of data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00575-00116328-00116471 visualizations
+rTIEteDpEk8-00576-00116472-00116727 we in this culture in our culture here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00577-00116728-00116878 in england today
+rTIEteDpEk8-00578-00116879-00117207 we are looking at blue being
+rTIEteDpEk8-00579-00117208-00117415 happy but we're used to the blues having
+rTIEteDpEk8-00580-00117416-00117558 the blues blues
+rTIEteDpEk8-00581-00117559-00117847 are not necessarily happiness and red is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00582-00117848-00117919 love
+rTIEteDpEk8-00583-00117920-00118166 so why is red a bad color in this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00584-00118167-00118247 graphic
+rTIEteDpEk8-00585-00118248-00118543 red is also alert and danger but it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00586-00118544-00118719 green that's the opposite of that in our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00587-00118720-00118799 visual
+rTIEteDpEk8-00588-00118800-00119143 right the traffic light story so using
+rTIEteDpEk8-00589-00119144-00119343 red and blue here to denote happiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00590-00119344-00119454 and unhappiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00591-00119455-00119615 is playing tricks already with our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00592-00119616-00119878 cognition we had to think carefully
+rTIEteDpEk8-00593-00119879-00120151 okay missing data for china what is the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00594-00120152-00120358 gray or is that light blue yeah totally
+rTIEteDpEk8-00595-00120359-00120447 absolutely
+rTIEteDpEk8-00596-00120448-00120758 so so the the point i'm making here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00597-00120759-00120983 is that this graphic is difficult to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00598-00120983-00121095 understand
+rTIEteDpEk8-00599-00121096-00121278 it's playing tricks with us because it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00600-00121279-00121414 using a scale
+rTIEteDpEk8-00601-00121415-00121654 of color that we don't usually ascribe
+rTIEteDpEk8-00602-00121655-00121878 to happiness unhappiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00603-00121879-00122151 it's showing stark contrasts between
+rTIEteDpEk8-00604-00122152-00122231 some
+rTIEteDpEk8-00605-00122232-00122478 areas of the world and others are really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00606-00122479-00122614 quite ambiguous
+rTIEteDpEk8-00607-00122615-00122814 and so what is it actually again what is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00608-00122815-00122975 it actually telling us
+rTIEteDpEk8-00609-00122976-00123334 okay so it's a little it's a little
+rTIEteDpEk8-00610-00123335-00123519 difficult it's it's not a graphic that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00611-00123520-00123686 you say yes i get it immediately from
+rTIEteDpEk8-00612-00123688-00123799 the first time
+rTIEteDpEk8-00613-00123800-00123966 do different cultures respond to these
+rTIEteDpEk8-00614-00123967-00124151 colors differently yes they do
+rTIEteDpEk8-00615-00124152-00124463 absolutely absolutely and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00616-00124464-00124647 and that's another important thing but
+rTIEteDpEk8-00617-00124648-00124799 red red is almost always
+rTIEteDpEk8-00618-00124800-00124975 a happy color in a lot of countries
+rTIEteDpEk8-00619-00124976-00125102 rather than a sad color
+rTIEteDpEk8-00620-00125103-00125286 you have people in india who wear red to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00621-00125288-00125439 their weddings etc
+rTIEteDpEk8-00622-00125440-00125663 so yeah culture definitely plays tricks
+rTIEteDpEk8-00623-00125664-00125943 with how you perceive this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00624-00125944-00126151 all right so let's move on to the next
+rTIEteDpEk8-00625-00126152-00126351 graphic also about happiness as it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00626-00126352-00126502 happens
+rTIEteDpEk8-00627-00126503-00126790 now this is a similar data set it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00628-00126791-00126871 using
+rTIEteDpEk8-00629-00126872-00127102 calmer colors the lower scoring
+rTIEteDpEk8-00630-00127103-00127310 countries are depicted in a pastel green
+rTIEteDpEk8-00631-00127311-00127543 shade that is comfortable to look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00632-00127544-00127807 and now my cadence of my voice is not so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00633-00127808-00127910 much crisis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00634-00127911-00128127 as calm because this is what you're
+rTIEteDpEk8-00635-00128128-00128295 looking at you're looking at a really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00636-00128296-00128431 calm picture here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00637-00128432-00128607 and you're seeing the word happiness in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00638-00128608-00128743 the top corner and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00639-00128744-00129047 smiley faces at the bottom and once
+rTIEteDpEk8-00640-00129048-00129127 again
+rTIEteDpEk8-00641-00129128-00129351 it takes you a few minutes to figure out
+rTIEteDpEk8-00642-00129352-00129486 that what you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00643-00129488-00129751 is not a happy picture at all okay what
+rTIEteDpEk8-00644-00129752-00129871 you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00645-00129872-00130239 is again obviously a world map
+rTIEteDpEk8-00646-00130240-00130614 again showing stark poverty and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00647-00130615-00130766 what have they measured and what are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00648-00130767-00130943 they trying to tell us
+rTIEteDpEk8-00649-00130944-00131247 so once again this infographic is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00650-00131248-00131502 playing tricks with us because happiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00651-00131503-00131807 and smiley faces and pastel colors but
+rTIEteDpEk8-00652-00131808-00132078 the story is just as stark and just as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00653-00132079-00132343 unhappy in a global view than the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00654-00132344-00132487 previous one so again
+rTIEteDpEk8-00655-00132488-00132727 the colors that they chose to use the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00656-00132728-00132831 the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00657-00132832-00133047 positioning of of the words and the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00658-00133048-00133143 faces
+rTIEteDpEk8-00659-00133144-00133343 is all playing tricks with our
+rTIEteDpEk8-00660-00133344-00133511 perception without cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00661-00133512-00133854 of of this graphic
+rTIEteDpEk8-00662-00133855-00134078 so that's we've considered data now
+rTIEteDpEk8-00663-00134079-00134166 let's consider
+rTIEteDpEk8-00664-00134167-00134363 the five qualities of great
+rTIEteDpEk8-00665-00134364-00134583 visualizations that were put forward by
+rTIEteDpEk8-00666-00134584-00134807 alberto cairo a few years ago
+rTIEteDpEk8-00667-00134808-00135007 alberto cairo is one of the world's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00668-00135008-00135127 thank you tank
+rTIEteDpEk8-00669-00135128-00135471 um is one of the world's completely top
+rTIEteDpEk8-00670-00135472-00135631 leaders in in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00671-00135632-00135807 in data visualization i mean he gets
+rTIEteDpEk8-00672-00135808-00136031 talks at enormous google conferences and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00673-00136032-00136111 things like that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00674-00136112-00136271 he's also a friend of mine so i have a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00675-00136272-00136414 bias
+rTIEteDpEk8-00676-00136415-00136607 but it's not just me that thinks alberto
+rTIEteDpEk8-00677-00136608-00136759 is the super coolest guy you'll ever
+rTIEteDpEk8-00678-00136760-00136854 meet it's actually
+rTIEteDpEk8-00679-00136855-00137078 apart from my husband of course um there
+rTIEteDpEk8-00680-00137079-00137214 are other people who agree with me on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00681-00137215-00137319 that one as well
+rTIEteDpEk8-00682-00137320-00137735 um alberto okay so now first
+rTIEteDpEk8-00683-00137736-00138039 okay so let's talk about the five
+rTIEteDpEk8-00684-00138040-00138247 great the five qualities of a great
+rTIEteDpEk8-00685-00138248-00138454 visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00686-00138455-00138687 the first they have to be based on real
+rTIEteDpEk8-00687-00138688-00138831 and solid research
+rTIEteDpEk8-00688-00138832-00139054 the data has to have provenance you have
+rTIEteDpEk8-00689-00139055-00139183 to know what you're measuring
+rTIEteDpEk8-00690-00139184-00139335 and who you've measured and what you've
+rTIEteDpEk8-00691-00139336-00139551 measured second
+rTIEteDpEk8-00692-00139552-00139775 the data visualization has to accurately
+rTIEteDpEk8-00693-00139776-00139943 represent that data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00694-00139944-00140135 to allow interpretation you have to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00695-00140136-00140319 able to understand it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00696-00140320-00140639 quickly and accurately the pies from
+rTIEteDpEk8-00697-00140640-00140799 alabama that i showed earlier for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00698-00140800-00140871 example
+rTIEteDpEk8-00699-00140872-00141111 completely flat these the first two
+rTIEteDpEk8-00700-00141112-00141183 rules of this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00701-00141184-00141495 completely um oops
+rTIEteDpEk8-00702-00141496-00141743 i clicked on the wrong thing yeah here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00703-00141744-00141807 we are
+rTIEteDpEk8-00704-00141808-00141975 the third rule which we saw in the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00705-00141976-00142207 pastel colored world map above
+rTIEteDpEk8-00706-00142208-00142407 the graphic is beautiful there's there's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00707-00142408-00142551 there's no denying it's a it's a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00708-00142552-00142671 beautiful depiction
+rTIEteDpEk8-00709-00142672-00143039 calm and happiness but okay they were
+rTIEteDpEk8-00710-00143040-00143271 but one and two weren't quite there yet
+rTIEteDpEk8-00711-00143272-00143390 with this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00712-00143391-00143663 now there's a whole movement about data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00713-00143664-00143751 is beautiful
+rTIEteDpEk8-00714-00143752-00143951 information is beautiful you can really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00715-00143952-00144295 beautify your graphics in in superb ways
+rTIEteDpEk8-00716-00144296-00144607 and david mccandless is the pioneer in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00717-00144608-00144639 this
+rTIEteDpEk8-00718-00144640-00144790 information is beautiful is a book he
+rTIEteDpEk8-00719-00144791-00145007 wrote many years ago and he continues to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00720-00145008-00145151 go from strength to strength about it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00721-00145152-00145366 he's my second favorite date of his guru
+rTIEteDpEk8-00722-00145367-00145702 okay um after alberto um we'll see more
+rTIEteDpEk8-00723-00145703-00145911 about uh david's work in in a little
+rTIEteDpEk8-00724-00145912-00146159 while later
+rTIEteDpEk8-00725-00146160-00146414 um so now if i move forward the fourth
+rTIEteDpEk8-00726-00146415-00146519 and fifth
+rTIEteDpEk8-00727-00146520-00146823 are insightful and enlightening the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00728-00146824-00146951 finally data vis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00729-00146952-00147223 therefore has to be truthful functional
+rTIEteDpEk8-00730-00147224-00147311 beautiful
+rTIEteDpEk8-00731-00147312-00147590 insightful and enlightening so if we
+rTIEteDpEk8-00732-00147591-00147775 consider these five qualities of great
+rTIEteDpEk8-00733-00147776-00147951 visualizations we see that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00734-00147952-00148166 even though alberto does not explicitly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00735-00148167-00148263 talk about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00736-00148264-00148471 perception and cognition all these
+rTIEteDpEk8-00737-00148472-00148631 guidelines are to do
+rTIEteDpEk8-00738-00148632-00148799 with using perception and cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00739-00148800-00149014 principles to help people better
+rTIEteDpEk8-00740-00149015-00149102 understand
+rTIEteDpEk8-00741-00149103-00149366 better interpret what they're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00742-00149367-00149535 there's also the responsibility to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00743-00149536-00149614 honest
+rTIEteDpEk8-00744-00149615-00149863 handling data with integrity telling the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00745-00149864-00150023 real story that the data's trying to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00746-00150024-00150214 tell us
+rTIEteDpEk8-00747-00150215-00150519 and so therefore it's our responsibility
+rTIEteDpEk8-00748-00150520-00150783 as people who work with data or enable
+rTIEteDpEk8-00749-00150784-00150926 people who work with data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00750-00150927-00151223 every sort of data to be you know be a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00751-00151224-00151399 big data or small data or whatever
+rTIEteDpEk8-00752-00151400-00151631 to relay the information that the data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00753-00151632-00151863 provides clearly and accurately
+rTIEteDpEk8-00754-00151864-00152039 now what you're looking at now is simply
+rTIEteDpEk8-00755-00152040-00152199 a google search of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00756-00152200-00152383 chart types i literally did google
+rTIEteDpEk8-00757-00152384-00152566 search chart types and and took a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00758-00152567-00152719 screenshot
+rTIEteDpEk8-00759-00152720-00152959 there you see bars comparing like
+rTIEteDpEk8-00760-00152960-00153063 comparing things
+rTIEteDpEk8-00761-00153064-00153302 lines showing directions bars showing
+rTIEteDpEk8-00762-00153303-00153471 segments area charts
+rTIEteDpEk8-00763-00153472-00153663 all of this is absolutely brilliant if
+rTIEteDpEk8-00764-00153664-00153839 scaled correctly providing real
+rTIEteDpEk8-00765-00153840-00153959 information
+rTIEteDpEk8-00766-00153960-00154135 they're also slightly boring to look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00767-00154136-00154263 you know so
+rTIEteDpEk8-00768-00154264-00154519 there are that you can use beauty you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00769-00154520-00154607 can use
+rTIEteDpEk8-00770-00154608-00154790 imagination you can use a bit of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00771-00154791-00155039 creativity to make your charts more
+rTIEteDpEk8-00772-00155040-00155166 interesting
+rTIEteDpEk8-00773-00155167-00155478 i'll show some examples this is a graph
+rTIEteDpEk8-00774-00155479-00155695 which simply maps how much chocolate a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00775-00155696-00155814 country consumes
+rTIEteDpEk8-00776-00155815-00156014 against the number of nobel laureates in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00777-00156015-00156207 that country
+rTIEteDpEk8-00778-00156208-00156487 look carefully okay see switzerland
+rTIEteDpEk8-00779-00156488-00156678 united kingdom isn't doing too badly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00780-00156679-00156766 happily
+rTIEteDpEk8-00781-00156767-00157095 all right so this chart is actually used
+rTIEteDpEk8-00782-00157096-00157287 to teach people the difference between a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00783-00157288-00157414 random correlation
+rTIEteDpEk8-00784-00157415-00157623 which this is there's no correlation
+rTIEteDpEk8-00785-00157624-00157783 really and truly between how much
+rTIEteDpEk8-00786-00157784-00157911 chocolate people eat
+rTIEteDpEk8-00787-00157912-00158071 and and and whether they win nobel
+rTIEteDpEk8-00788-00158072-00158399 prizes or not um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00789-00158400-00158607 so it's it's it's used to teach people
+rTIEteDpEk8-00790-00158608-00158719 the difference between a random
+rTIEteDpEk8-00791-00158720-00158799 correlation
+rTIEteDpEk8-00792-00158800-00159078 and causative association there's no
+rTIEteDpEk8-00793-00159079-00159239 cause and effect relationship here
+rTIEteDpEk8-00794-00159240-00159407 between countries eating chocolate
+rTIEteDpEk8-00795-00159408-00159590 and whether they win the nobel prize or
+rTIEteDpEk8-00796-00159591-00159831 not in terms of database
+rTIEteDpEk8-00797-00159832-00160126 it's beautiful it's clear in terms of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00798-00160127-00160199 interpret
+rTIEteDpEk8-00799-00160200-00160478 interpreting interpreting this if you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00800-00160479-00160654 don't think critically you can come up
+rTIEteDpEk8-00801-00160655-00160823 to a causative answer
+rTIEteDpEk8-00802-00160824-00161126 which is not correct it's a simple pure
+rTIEteDpEk8-00803-00161127-00161383 happy fun correlation that means nothing
+rTIEteDpEk8-00804-00161384-00161495 really and truly
+rTIEteDpEk8-00805-00161496-00161807 okay now in terms of data vis also they
+rTIEteDpEk8-00806-00161808-00161990 used flags to denote the countries
+rTIEteDpEk8-00807-00161991-00162166 and they labeled them as well so that's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00808-00162167-00162399 clear it's beautiful it's clear it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00809-00162400-00162502 insightful
+rTIEteDpEk8-00810-00162503-00162687 maybe not so enlightening because it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00811-00162688-00162863 doesn't really tell you anything
+rTIEteDpEk8-00812-00162864-00163102 but it's it's fun and maybe that is also
+rTIEteDpEk8-00813-00163103-00163199 something we need to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00814-00163200-00163375 to think about when we look at these
+rTIEteDpEk8-00815-00163376-00163607 kinds of fun types of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00816-00163608-00163943 of data now i'm a big fan
+rTIEteDpEk8-00817-00163944-00164263 of max rosa max rosa is um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00818-00164264-00164423 yes i'll come i'll come to books
+rTIEteDpEk8-00819-00164424-00164566 definitely um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00820-00164567-00164790 i'm a big fan of max rosa our world and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00821-00164791-00164983 data just google our world and data and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00822-00164984-00165102 go and just browse
+rTIEteDpEk8-00823-00165103-00165454 it's beautiful fascinating really really
+rTIEteDpEk8-00824-00165455-00165575 cool
+rTIEteDpEk8-00825-00165576-00165863 he likes to take the glass half full
+rTIEteDpEk8-00826-00165864-00165990 view of life
+rTIEteDpEk8-00827-00165991-00166287 and his infographics are incredible at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00828-00166288-00166407 that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00829-00166408-00166607 they're beautiful to perceive and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00830-00166608-00166807 they're they're informative
+rTIEteDpEk8-00831-00166808-00166983 they're they're everything they should
+rTIEteDpEk8-00832-00166984-00167111 be um
+rTIEteDpEk8-00833-00167112-00167302 this is an infographic about plastic
+rTIEteDpEk8-00834-00167303-00167566 pollution a bar graph with benefits in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00835-00167567-00167687 other words okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-00836-00167688-00167878 the more you look the more you see in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00837-00167879-00168023 this graph you could stare at it for
+rTIEteDpEk8-00838-00168024-00168223 quite a while
+rTIEteDpEk8-00839-00168224-00168559 um here's another this is from canada i
+rTIEteDpEk8-00840-00168560-00168607 believe
+rTIEteDpEk8-00841-00168608-00168790 in this database they have tried to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-00842-00168791-00169023 clever using garbage bags to kind of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00843-00169024-00169319 show how much of each type of garbage
+rTIEteDpEk8-00844-00169320-00169478 that we collect
+rTIEteDpEk8-00845-00169479-00169702 but just like with the pies from alabama
+rTIEteDpEk8-00846-00169703-00169887 although it's fun to use the garbage
+rTIEteDpEk8-00847-00169888-00170054 bags there's not enough difference in
+rTIEteDpEk8-00848-00170055-00170295 the data to really jump out at you
+rTIEteDpEk8-00849-00170296-00170535 so you're seeing greens and blues but
+rTIEteDpEk8-00850-00170536-00170647 it's it's not
+rTIEteDpEk8-00851-00170648-00170902 it's not it's it's very cool it's very
+rTIEteDpEk8-00852-00170903-00171119 it's fun but maybe if they'd been bigger
+rTIEteDpEk8-00853-00171120-00171302 maybe if the colors had been different
+rTIEteDpEk8-00854-00171303-00171511 maybe if they'd actually put some
+rTIEteDpEk8-00855-00171512-00171711 organic material in the green to give
+rTIEteDpEk8-00856-00171712-00171790 you a more
+rTIEteDpEk8-00857-00171791-00172095 snap perception cognition understanding
+rTIEteDpEk8-00858-00172096-00172238 of exactly what you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00859-00172239-00172559 it might have been better
+rTIEteDpEk8-00860-00172560-00172743 now this might have started life as an
+rTIEteDpEk8-00861-00172744-00172999 area chart or a bar chart maybe
+rTIEteDpEk8-00862-00173000-00173199 it's a cool visualization showing the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00863-00173200-00173366 relative bandwidth usage
+rTIEteDpEk8-00864-00173367-00173566 of each of our census takes to process
+rTIEteDpEk8-00865-00173567-00173783 the information that's provided to it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00866-00173784-00173935 and you can see that site
+rTIEteDpEk8-00867-00173936-00174199 uses a lot of brain power to actually
+rTIEteDpEk8-00868-00174200-00174366 cognitively understand what you're
+rTIEteDpEk8-00869-00174367-00174463 looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00870-00174464-00174678 so it's a really powerful tool it's a
+rTIEteDpEk8-00871-00174679-00174814 it's a heavy tool
+rTIEteDpEk8-00872-00174815-00174983 but it's a very powerful tool at the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00873-00174984-00175247 same time and it's a really cool graphic
+rTIEteDpEk8-00874-00175248-00175559 very very interesting clear clean easy
+rTIEteDpEk8-00875-00175560-00175790 to see
+rTIEteDpEk8-00876-00175791-00176038 this is another david mccandless taken
+rTIEteDpEk8-00877-00176039-00176119 from information
+rTIEteDpEk8-00878-00176120-00176399 beautiful website it shows how the media
+rTIEteDpEk8-00879-00176400-00176599 has managed to completely inflate oops
+rTIEteDpEk8-00880-00176600-00176735 no sorry that's the wrong that's the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00881-00176736-00176863 next one
+rTIEteDpEk8-00882-00176864-00177199 um here he uses uh text what is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00883-00177200-00177375 consciousness and he uses
+rTIEteDpEk8-00884-00177376-00177663 an artistic tendency to actually explain
+rTIEteDpEk8-00885-00177664-00177702 what
+rTIEteDpEk8-00886-00177703-00177895 different philosophers have talked about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00887-00177896-00178102 when they talk about consciousness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00888-00178103-00178247 and i've often thought that this would
+rTIEteDpEk8-00889-00178248-00178447 make an excellent graphic if we wanted
+rTIEteDpEk8-00890-00178448-00178695 to actually use mri images to talk about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00891-00178696-00178887 let's say sleep patterns or
+rTIEteDpEk8-00892-00178888-00179151 or other types of health related issues
+rTIEteDpEk8-00893-00179152-00179302 dealing with with the brain
+rTIEteDpEk8-00894-00179303-00179526 i i love this for the potential it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00895-00179527-00179743 brings and the ideas it gives to other
+rTIEteDpEk8-00896-00179744-00179847 data vis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00897-00179848-00180311 um topics
+rTIEteDpEk8-00898-00180312-00180599 um this is the um david mccandless
+rTIEteDpEk8-00899-00180600-00180735 that's on his website
+rTIEteDpEk8-00900-00180736-00180919 it shows how the media has managed to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00901-00180920-00181143 completely inflate some topics
+rTIEteDpEk8-00902-00181144-00181438 um and not highlight others this one
+rTIEteDpEk8-00903-00181439-00181623 actually is interactive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00904-00181624-00181887 um i'm not that familiar with edward
+rTIEteDpEk8-00905-00181888-00182254 edward tough john i'll come back to that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00906-00182255-00182511 and and so this one is an interactive
+rTIEteDpEk8-00907-00182512-00182590 database
+rTIEteDpEk8-00908-00182591-00182766 whereby you can actually click on each
+rTIEteDpEk8-00909-00182767-00182966 of these and get more information about
+rTIEteDpEk8-00910-00182967-00183054 it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00911-00183055-00183231 um i'm going to pause for a second
+rTIEteDpEk8-00912-00183232-00183487 because there's a very interesting
+rTIEteDpEk8-00913-00183488-00183735 question from paula once saw a dative is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00914-00183736-00183943 demonstrating the ms power
+rTIEteDpEk8-00915-00183944-00184126 when it first launched showing sales
+rTIEteDpEk8-00916-00184127-00184335 figures as fish in an aquarium
+rTIEteDpEk8-00917-00184336-00184471 the bigger the fish the bigger the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00918-00184472-00184678 number no meaningful data but the visual
+rTIEteDpEk8-00919-00184679-00184807 stuck in my mind that's it
+rTIEteDpEk8-00920-00184808-00185143 a picture speaks why did they use fish
+rTIEteDpEk8-00921-00185144-00185326 i might not have used fish on that one
+rTIEteDpEk8-00922-00185327-00185478 but okay that's interesting
+rTIEteDpEk8-00923-00185479-00185654 anyway it stuck and that i guess is the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00924-00185655-00185790 important bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-00925-00185791-00185950 in this one here that we're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-00926-00185951-00186119 now what sticks
+rTIEteDpEk8-00927-00186120-00186423 is the height of some of these we don't
+rTIEteDpEk8-00928-00186424-00186543 see the little ones
+rTIEteDpEk8-00929-00186544-00186695 even though they're probably just as
+rTIEteDpEk8-00930-00186696-00186902 important and probably affected
+rTIEteDpEk8-00931-00186903-00187143 just as many people if not more people
+rTIEteDpEk8-00932-00187144-00187335 than the ones showing the high bars
+rTIEteDpEk8-00933-00187336-00187647 so ebola for example it was disastrous
+rTIEteDpEk8-00934-00187648-00187911 in a particular part of the world
+rTIEteDpEk8-00935-00187912-00188126 the one i actually clicked on at random
+rTIEteDpEk8-00936-00188127-00188278 as it happens
+rTIEteDpEk8-00937-00188279-00188590 happened to be a vaccine story okay an
+rTIEteDpEk8-00938-00188591-00188790 anti-vaxx now this is potentially
+rTIEteDpEk8-00939-00188791-00189063 affecting a lot more people than than
+rTIEteDpEk8-00940-00189064-00189199 ebola in terms of life
+rTIEteDpEk8-00941-00189200-00189495 and death huge numbers affected but the
+rTIEteDpEk8-00942-00189496-00189583 media
+rTIEteDpEk8-00943-00189584-00189790 doesn't really hype it in the right way
+rTIEteDpEk8-00944-00189791-00190014 so again here you've got a database
+rTIEteDpEk8-00945-00190015-00190375 explaining communication
+rTIEteDpEk8-00946-00190376-00190575 and that is where i want to just stop
+rTIEteDpEk8-00947-00190576-00190735 for another second
+rTIEteDpEk8-00948-00190736-00190911 in the end that is what data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00949-00190912-00191071 visualization really is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00950-00191072-00191302 it's a communication tool a data
+rTIEteDpEk8-00951-00191303-00191447 visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-00952-00191448-00191695 is talking to you about that data it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00953-00191696-00191871 telling you a message
+rTIEteDpEk8-00954-00191872-00192054 whether we are inflating our company's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00955-00192055-00192287 sales or describing global happiness
+rTIEteDpEk8-00956-00192288-00192502 or talking about the effect of the media
+rTIEteDpEk8-00957-00192503-00192702 on our perception and cognition
+rTIEteDpEk8-00958-00192703-00192975 of everyday things we are communicating
+rTIEteDpEk8-00959-00192976-00193071 a message
+rTIEteDpEk8-00960-00193072-00193311 and it is our responsibility as enablers
+rTIEteDpEk8-00961-00193312-00193478 and producers of database
+rTIEteDpEk8-00962-00193479-00193678 to make sure that that message is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00963-00193679-00194102 accurate and easy to understand
+rTIEteDpEk8-00964-00194103-00194390 now i'm looking at the time and i've
+rTIEteDpEk8-00965-00194391-00194535 spoken a lot
+rTIEteDpEk8-00966-00194536-00194735 but these are the websites that i was
+rTIEteDpEk8-00967-00194736-00194847 going to take you to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00968-00194848-00195031 i don't think i will because i'd like to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00969-00195032-00195183 have some interaction and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00970-00195184-00195502 questions and answers um but this is
+rTIEteDpEk8-00971-00195503-00195831 andy kirk he has a ton of material on
+rTIEteDpEk8-00972-00195832-00195950 his website
+rTIEteDpEk8-00973-00195951-00196271 um a lot of training uh resources that
+rTIEteDpEk8-00974-00196272-00196390 you can attend
+rTIEteDpEk8-00975-00196391-00196671 um some are paid some are free um he's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00976-00196672-00196799 based somewhere in england i can't
+rTIEteDpEk8-00977-00196800-00196926 remember exactly where
+rTIEteDpEk8-00978-00196927-00197175 um northumbria or cumbria somewhere
+rTIEteDpEk8-00979-00197176-00197311 quite quite far north
+rTIEteDpEk8-00980-00197312-00197495 but he's he's brilliant and he's my
+rTIEteDpEk8-00981-00197496-00197687 third favorite guru
+rTIEteDpEk8-00982-00197688-00197975 for dataviz david mccandless information
+rTIEteDpEk8-00983-00197976-00198054 is beautiful
+rTIEteDpEk8-00984-00198055-00198343 i completely urge you and invite you to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00985-00198344-00198423 go there and
+rTIEteDpEk8-00986-00198424-00198678 look around and explore the incredible
+rTIEteDpEk8-00987-00198679-00198950 visualizations that he shows
+rTIEteDpEk8-00988-00198951-00199223 and he's a he's a great guy too and my
+rTIEteDpEk8-00989-00199224-00199399 second favorite alberto is a friend of
+rTIEteDpEk8-00990-00199400-00199575 mine so he's gonna have to be my
+rTIEteDpEk8-00991-00199576-00199999 my first favorite um but alberto's
+rTIEteDpEk8-00992-00200000-00200335 alberto's book how charts lie is a huge
+rTIEteDpEk8-00993-00200336-00200407 revelation
+rTIEteDpEk8-00994-00200408-00200726 actually in exactly how people use bad
+rTIEteDpEk8-00995-00200727-00200838 data vis
+rTIEteDpEk8-00996-00200839-00201023 or bad habits and dative is to
+rTIEteDpEk8-00997-00201024-00201214 completely distort
+rTIEteDpEk8-00998-00201215-00201550 um information um and me and cause
+rTIEteDpEk8-00999-00201551-00201735 misinformation misleading information
+rTIEteDpEk8-01000-00201736-00201831 and all the rest of it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01001-00201832-00202031 so if you don't if you look at
+rTIEteDpEk8-01002-00202032-00202150 information is beautiful
+rTIEteDpEk8-01003-00202151-00202495 and and and admire you come to alberto
+rTIEteDpEk8-01004-00202496-00202543 and it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01005-00202544-00202726 it he makes you think he makes you think
+rTIEteDpEk8-01006-00202727-00202919 very hard about what actually is dative
+rTIEteDpEk8-01007-00202920-00202959 is
+rTIEteDpEk8-01008-00202960-00203326 and how to interpret it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01009-00203327-00203543 again each of these websites has
+rTIEteDpEk8-01010-00203544-00203719 training material in them
+rTIEteDpEk8-01011-00203720-00203926 invitations to attend their webinars and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01012-00203927-00204047 all that so
+rTIEteDpEk8-01013-00204048-00204335 please again go and and explore and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01014-00204336-00204423 enjoy
+rTIEteDpEk8-01015-00204424-00204695 what they have to offer um i'd like to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01016-00204696-00204846 point you to these two books
+rTIEteDpEk8-01017-00204848-00205127 these bring data visualization to you at
+rTIEteDpEk8-01018-00205128-00205223 home with your
+rTIEteDpEk8-01019-00205223-00205462 paper and pencil you don't need any
+rTIEteDpEk8-01020-00205463-00205727 technology at all to draw incredible
+rTIEteDpEk8-01021-00205728-00205951 fun data vis about your life about what
+rTIEteDpEk8-01022-00205952-00206110 you observe around you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01023-00206111-00206366 um and these two books are a fantastic
+rTIEteDpEk8-01024-00206367-00206503 opening into that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01025-00206504-00206775 um accessibility of data vis really that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01026-00206776-00206919 we can all be
+rTIEteDpEk8-01027-00206919-00207151 experts at database we can all create
+rTIEteDpEk8-01028-00207152-00207279 beautiful database
+rTIEteDpEk8-01029-00207280-00207455 just with a bit of imagination and a bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-01030-00207456-00207703 of data
+rTIEteDpEk8-01031-00207704-00208071 um and i'll just start the wrapping up
+rTIEteDpEk8-01032-00208071-00208166 here hopefully
+rTIEteDpEk8-01033-00208167-00208423 you've in the last 40 minutes or so
+rTIEteDpEk8-01034-00208423-00208503 understood
+rTIEteDpEk8-01035-00208504-00208751 what dataviz is how tricky it is to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01036-00208752-00208806 interpret
+rTIEteDpEk8-01037-00208807-00209014 it at face value how you have to think a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01038-00209015-00209238 little bit longer about it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01039-00209239-00209503 um and and what data was behind it and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01040-00209504-00209679 what the person telling you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01041-00209680-00209998 what their agenda is and and and how
+rTIEteDpEk8-01042-00210000-00210158 they might have
+rTIEteDpEk8-01043-00210159-00210358 created the database to color your view
+rTIEteDpEk8-01044-00210359-00210494 about what you're looking at
+rTIEteDpEk8-01045-00210496-00210694 and hopefully how to produce better and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01046-00210696-00210879 more interesting data visualizations as
+rTIEteDpEk8-01047-00210880-00211006 well
+rTIEteDpEk8-01048-00211007-00211206 now this isn't strictly a data
+rTIEteDpEk8-01049-00211207-00211358 visualization okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-01050-00211359-00211727 it's a carpet woven by an azerbaijani
+rTIEteDpEk8-01051-00211728-00211791 artist
+rTIEteDpEk8-01052-00211792-00211991 according to traditional carpet weaving
+rTIEteDpEk8-01053-00211992-00212182 techniques
+rTIEteDpEk8-01054-00212183-00212487 it's a piece of art okay but even this
+rTIEteDpEk8-01055-00212488-00212903 to me is data because he speaks volumes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01056-00212904-00213151 about what is happening to his culture
+rTIEteDpEk8-01057-00213152-00213358 that dissolving of traditional values
+rTIEteDpEk8-01058-00213359-00213510 and so on and so forth
+rTIEteDpEk8-01059-00213511-00213767 so imagine if you were using this it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01060-00213767-00213863 it's a little bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-01061-00213864-00214215 salvador dalias remember salvador dali's
+rTIEteDpEk8-01062-00214216-00214479 melting clocks this is kind of in that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01063-00214480-00214631 realm right but using
+rTIEteDpEk8-01064-00214632-00214798 carpet weaving traditional carpet
+rTIEteDpEk8-01065-00214800-00214967 weaving techniques and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01066-00214967-00215239 and i love that type of mix-up because
+rTIEteDpEk8-01067-00215240-00215351 it's telling us
+rTIEteDpEk8-01068-00215352-00215623 that we can use all sorts of imagination
+rTIEteDpEk8-01069-00215623-00215831 all sorts of inspiration
+rTIEteDpEk8-01070-00215832-00216119 to produce data visualizations that are
+rTIEteDpEk8-01071-00216119-00216206 beautiful
+rTIEteDpEk8-01072-00216207-00216471 enlightening truthful and all the rest
+rTIEteDpEk8-01073-00216471-00216615 of those five values that we talked
+rTIEteDpEk8-01074-00216616-00216815 about earlier
+rTIEteDpEk8-01075-00216816-00217094 and this brings me to a philosophical
+rTIEteDpEk8-01076-00217096-00217263 point that i'll leave you with
+rTIEteDpEk8-01077-00217264-00217479 is data visualization an art or a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01078-00217480-00217687 science or both
+rTIEteDpEk8-01079-00217688-00217887 of course it's both but let's think
+rTIEteDpEk8-01080-00217888-00218079 about that and actually try to implement
+rTIEteDpEk8-01081-00218080-00218127 it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01082-00218128-00218431 to make communication a bit more fun
+rTIEteDpEk8-01083-00218432-00218615 a bit more interesting a bit more real
+rTIEteDpEk8-01084-00218616-00218806 for people
+rTIEteDpEk8-01085-00218807-00219046 so thank you i'm completely humbled and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01086-00219048-00219231 stunned that there's 39 of you who've
+rTIEteDpEk8-01087-00219232-00219367 stayed till at this
+rTIEteDpEk8-01088-00219367-00219727 moment um again i'm sausage curry and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01089-00219728-00219887 let's have your questions thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01090-00219888-00220063 thank you thank you thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01091-00220064-00220319 um is there any slide you'd like me to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01092-00220319-00220398 go back to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01093-00220400-00220646 any questions i'm going to go into the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01094-00220648-00220871 chat now and go back a little
+rTIEteDpEk8-01095-00220871-00221206 um and thank you um
+rTIEteDpEk8-01096-00221207-00221471 let me let me let me stay why don't i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01097-00221471-00221567 stay with
+rTIEteDpEk8-01098-00221567-00221727 uh this one here so if you haven't
+rTIEteDpEk8-01099-00221728-00221903 written them down you can
+rTIEteDpEk8-01100-00221904-00222134 um but if you if you'd like any other
+rTIEteDpEk8-01101-00222135-00222263 let me know
+rTIEteDpEk8-01102-00222264-00222663 thank you catherine
+rTIEteDpEk8-01103-00222664-00222823 thank you paul thank you ashley thank
+rTIEteDpEk8-01104-00222823-00223046 you thank you laura thank you john thank
+rTIEteDpEk8-01105-00223048-00223191 you john
+rTIEteDpEk8-01106-00223192-00223342 you don't regret making time for this
+rTIEteDpEk8-01107-00223344-00223519 then thank you simon
+rTIEteDpEk8-01108-00223519-00223719 cheers peter thank you everybody no
+rTIEteDpEk8-01109-00223719-00223823 questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-01110-00223823-00224023 i'd love to answer your questions ask me
+rTIEteDpEk8-01111-00224023-00224198 a question someone we've got five
+rTIEteDpEk8-01112-00224200-00224510 minutes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01113-00224511-00224758 thank you penny my pleasure tuft i'll
+rTIEteDpEk8-01114-00224759-00224831 look him up
+rTIEteDpEk8-01115-00224832-00225023 i'm not familiar with his work john i'm
+rTIEteDpEk8-01116-00225023-00225158 sorry my failing
+rTIEteDpEk8-01117-00225159-00225894 i've made a note and i'll look him up
+rTIEteDpEk8-01118-00225896-00226071 did you say it was edward tut didn't you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01119-00226071-00226279 edward
+rTIEteDpEk8-01120-00226280-00227239 tough do yeah i'll look him up thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01121-00227240-00227542 any more questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-01122-00227544-00227710 was there a question earlier that i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01123-00227711-00227942 didn't answer
+rTIEteDpEk8-01124-00227944-00228103 do different cultures respond to colors
+rTIEteDpEk8-01125-00228104-00228303 differently yes we did answer that one
+rTIEteDpEk8-01126-00228304-00228479 and you do have to be very culturally
+rTIEteDpEk8-01127-00228480-00228719 aware about the shapes that you use
+rTIEteDpEk8-01128-00228719-00229119 i have a friend who wanted to talk about
+rTIEteDpEk8-01129-00229119-00229334 footsteps the footprint the ecological
+rTIEteDpEk8-01130-00229335-00229479 footprint
+rTIEteDpEk8-01131-00229480-00229655 and her bar chart she thought it was
+rTIEteDpEk8-01132-00229656-00229831 fantastic because her bar charts were
+rTIEteDpEk8-01133-00229832-00229942 feet
+rTIEteDpEk8-01134-00229944-00230079 now in this culture here that's
+rTIEteDpEk8-01135-00230080-00230294 brilliant but she was giving
+rTIEteDpEk8-01136-00230296-00230623 this into a very global audience and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01137-00230623-00230815 i'm from the middle east i'm lebanese
+rTIEteDpEk8-01138-00230816-00230934 and in lebanon
+rTIEteDpEk8-01139-00230935-00231127 if you look at feet staring at us on a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01140-00231128-00231375 graph that's insulting
+rTIEteDpEk8-01141-00231376-00231582 so so we talked about that and i helped
+rTIEteDpEk8-01142-00231583-00231767 her develop a different visual for what
+rTIEteDpEk8-01143-00231767-00231871 she did in the end
+rTIEteDpEk8-01144-00231871-00232071 so feet did not work for for everybody
+rTIEteDpEk8-01145-00232071-00232303 there and so yes not just colors but the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01146-00232304-00232479 images that you use are very very
+rTIEteDpEk8-01147-00232480-00232631 culturally sensitive you do have to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01148-00232632-00232887 think about that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01149-00232888-00233294 um any more questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-01150-00233296-00233687 do you use power bi or tableau um
+rTIEteDpEk8-01151-00233688-00234103 i i i don't anymore i used to and when i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01152-00234104-00234279 did it was tableau
+rTIEteDpEk8-01153-00234280-00234479 it was tableau but mostly because i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01154-00234480-00234615 worked with alberto cairo
+rTIEteDpEk8-01155-00234616-00234903 and alberto cara uses tableau not
+rTIEteDpEk8-01156-00234904-00235023 because of anything
+rTIEteDpEk8-01157-00235023-00235215 other than than than that i'm sure
+rTIEteDpEk8-01158-00235216-00235342 they're both fantastic
+rTIEteDpEk8-01159-00235344-00235623 power bi tends to be as as the name
+rTIEteDpEk8-01160-00235623-00235798 suggests business intelligence
+rTIEteDpEk8-01161-00235800-00236079 so they have a lot of tools for kind of
+rTIEteDpEk8-01162-00236080-00236191 more
+rTIEteDpEk8-01163-00236192-00236431 more business oriented graphics whereas
+rTIEteDpEk8-01164-00236432-00236582 tableau is a little bit more flexible
+rTIEteDpEk8-01165-00236583-00236806 and you can do a little bit more with it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01166-00236807-00236958 at least that's my perception and i may
+rTIEteDpEk8-01167-00236959-00237182 be wrong on that do you think the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01168-00237183-00237342 current gifs that the government is
+rTIEteDpEk8-01169-00237344-00237519 using regarding covid are honest
+rTIEteDpEk8-01170-00237519-00237652 misleading or effective
+rTIEteDpEk8-01171-00237653-00237923 [Laughter]
+rTIEteDpEk8-01172-00237923-00238082 [Music]
+rTIEteDpEk8-01173-00238083-00238471 um
+rTIEteDpEk8-01174-00238471-00238663 i don't think they're very good but i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01175-00238664-00238823 don't know if they're not honest
+rTIEteDpEk8-01176-00238823-00239046 i i don't know if they're misleading i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01177-00239048-00239182 don't i don't think they're misleading i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01178-00239183-00239367 just don't think they're clear enough
+rTIEteDpEk8-01179-00239367-00239663 um and i don't think they're focusing on
+rTIEteDpEk8-01180-00239664-00239694 the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01181-00239696-00239910 importance of of things they're giving
+rTIEteDpEk8-01182-00239911-00240039 people too much
+rTIEteDpEk8-01183-00240040-00240255 option you know you can wear a mask if
+rTIEteDpEk8-01184-00240256-00240406 you want to and you don't have to well
+rTIEteDpEk8-01185-00240407-00240455 yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01186-00240456-00240782 please wear a mask everyone okay
+rTIEteDpEk8-01187-00240783-00240998 so i i'm yeah i don't think it's the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01188-00241000-00241239 date of is i think it's the messaging
+rTIEteDpEk8-01189-00241240-00241455 uh with with current covet related
+rTIEteDpEk8-01190-00241456-00241542 things
+rTIEteDpEk8-01191-00241544-00241887 um if that makes any sense
+rTIEteDpEk8-01192-00241888-00242110 uh would should be both an art and a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01193-00242111-00242294 science but too many get lost in the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01194-00242296-00242367 science
+rTIEteDpEk8-01195-00242367-00242598 is that because teaching in unis do you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01196-00242600-00242687 think
+rTIEteDpEk8-01197-00242688-00242967 yeah possibly again at the university of
+rTIEteDpEk8-01198-00242967-00243167 miami where i was introduced to dataviz
+rTIEteDpEk8-01199-00243167-00243375 by alberto
+rTIEteDpEk8-01200-00243376-00243534 i worked at the university of miami for
+rTIEteDpEk8-01201-00243535-00243767 about 13 years before moving back to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01202-00243767-00243855 england
+rTIEteDpEk8-01203-00243856-00244271 um their data vis was handled by the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01204-00244271-00244423 communications by the school of
+rTIEteDpEk8-01205-00244423-00244551 communications
+rTIEteDpEk8-01206-00244552-00244782 and so it was part art and part science
+rTIEteDpEk8-01207-00244783-00244942 it was its own separate thing
+rTIEteDpEk8-01208-00244944-00245215 um and through an initiative that i led
+rTIEteDpEk8-01209-00245216-00245310 actually there
+rTIEteDpEk8-01210-00245311-00245639 um we we really made
+rTIEteDpEk8-01211-00245640-00245910 we broke an enormous number of silos and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01212-00245911-00246055 brought a lot of scientists
+rTIEteDpEk8-01213-00246056-00246406 into that realm of of art communication
+rTIEteDpEk8-01214-00246407-00246687 descriptive uh type of explaining the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01215-00246688-00246742 science
+rTIEteDpEk8-01216-00246744-00246919 um and i think i still think they're
+rTIEteDpEk8-01217-00246919-00247063 doing it brilliantly over there
+rTIEteDpEk8-01218-00247064-00247246 i do see some other examples in this
+rTIEteDpEk8-01219-00247248-00247375 country but i'm not particularly
+rTIEteDpEk8-01220-00247376-00247463 familiar with
+rTIEteDpEk8-01221-00247464-00247815 with with all of them yet um i i do
+rTIEteDpEk8-01222-00247816-00247887 think that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01223-00247888-00248087 science communication should be taught
+rTIEteDpEk8-01224-00248088-00248198 across the board
+rTIEteDpEk8-01225-00248200-00248519 in every university core modules every
+rTIEteDpEk8-01226-00248519-00248710 every single scientist should have a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01227-00248711-00248887 core module on science communication
+rTIEteDpEk8-01228-00248888-00249030 that i definitely believe
+rTIEteDpEk8-01229-00249031-00249206 and that that science communication
+rTIEteDpEk8-01230-00249207-00249391 module should have a date of his bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-01231-00249392-00249503 inside it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01232-00249504-00249806 um i i yeah paula that's that's that's
+rTIEteDpEk8-01233-00249807-00249994 my not on the fence bit about that one
+rTIEteDpEk8-01234-00249994-00250294 [Laughter]
+rTIEteDpEk8-01235-00250296-00250615 what are my thoughts uh on dataviz
+rTIEteDpEk8-01236-00250616-00250934 in vr very interesting lots of scope wow
+rTIEteDpEk8-01237-00250935-00251263 yes i mean if we're still if we are able
+rTIEteDpEk8-01238-00251264-00251351 to confuse
+rTIEteDpEk8-01239-00251352-00251606 in 2d and 3d imagine what it would be
+rTIEteDpEk8-01240-00251607-00251791 like when we have sound and smell
+rTIEteDpEk8-01241-00251792-00252167 as well lots of yeah lots of scope
+rTIEteDpEk8-01242-00252167-00252367 lots of scope i can't wait to see what
+rTIEteDpEk8-01243-00252367-00252487 comes out um
+rTIEteDpEk8-01244-00252488-00252663 i'm hoping to be on the enabling bit
+rTIEteDpEk8-01245-00252664-00252806 about that not the production end
+rTIEteDpEk8-01246-00252807-00252903 anymore
+rTIEteDpEk8-01247-00252904-00253246 beautiful yes good question
+rTIEteDpEk8-01248-00253248-00253430 most of my education and visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-01249-00253431-00253598 was in my csc in graphic
+rTIEteDpEk8-01250-00253600-00253758 communications at uni was all about
+rTIEteDpEk8-01251-00253759-00253934 using software tools yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01252-00253935-00254119 boring software tools as well i bet
+rTIEteDpEk8-01253-00254119-00254263 unless you were doing
+rTIEteDpEk8-01254-00254264-00254534 graphic design um and then and then you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01255-00254535-00254591 you know
+rTIEteDpEk8-01256-00254592-00254839 you you might be using adobe illustrator
+rTIEteDpEk8-01257-00254840-00254998 or something else to to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01258-00255000-00255255 really create some imaginative creative
+rTIEteDpEk8-01259-00255256-00255358 fun graphics
+rTIEteDpEk8-01260-00255359-00255551 have a look at david mccandless see if
+rTIEteDpEk8-01261-00255552-00255710 you can attend a couple of his webinars
+rTIEteDpEk8-01262-00255711-00255775 you might
+rTIEteDpEk8-01263-00255776-00256582 you might enjoy that tom business idea
+rTIEteDpEk8-01264-00256583-00256903 try tableau more creative scope
+rTIEteDpEk8-01265-00256904-00257246 scope a little yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01266-00257248-00257751 use your imagination just fly do it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01267-00257752-00258094 any other questions anyone else we're
+rTIEteDpEk8-01268-00258096-00258294 oh my gosh we're over time i think i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01269-00258296-00258519 think i'm done it was 45 minutes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01270-00258519-00258663 i love the fact that you're all still
+rTIEteDpEk8-01271-00258664-00258982 here 35 of you i'm so humbled thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01272-00258983-00259119 thank you very much i have a feeling i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01273-00259119-00259334 should be releasing you but i don't know
+rTIEteDpEk8-01274-00259335-00259927 nobody's telling me what to do
+rTIEteDpEk8-01275-00259928-00260158 so um yeah we've got kind of ten minutes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01276-00260159-00260367 or so until the next thing starts on the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01277-00260367-00260455 main stage
+rTIEteDpEk8-01278-00260456-00260679 um so if there are any final questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-01279-00260680-00260839 um that's absolutely fine
+rTIEteDpEk8-01280-00260840-00261071 um otherwise people can uh kind of head
+rTIEteDpEk8-01281-00261071-00261223 back to the main stage and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01282-00261223-00261375 um the next thing will kick off at half
+rTIEteDpEk8-01283-00261376-00261671 11. brilliant
+rTIEteDpEk8-01284-00261671-00261894 i'm happy to stay here for 10 minutes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01285-00261896-00262039 for answering
+rTIEteDpEk8-01286-00262040-00262855 discussion
+rTIEteDpEk8-01287-00262856-00263567 uh becky you need to mute oh sorry
+rTIEteDpEk8-01288-00263568-00263855 you're welcome john thanks jim feinstein
+rTIEteDpEk8-01289-00263856-00264127 betty can you mute
+rTIEteDpEk8-01290-00264128-00264479 becky can you mute please
+rTIEteDpEk8-01291-00264480-00264919 what is that oh that's what this is
+rTIEteDpEk8-01292-00264920-00265367 okay stop it's not you sorry becky that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01293-00265368-00265471 was me
+rTIEteDpEk8-01294-00265472-00265758 i clicked on tank's video oh okay and it
+rTIEteDpEk8-01295-00265759-00265791 was
+rTIEteDpEk8-01296-00265792-00267079 playing loud i'm sorry that's all right
+rTIEteDpEk8-01297-00267080-00267295 um tom's just asking a final question
+rTIEteDpEk8-01298-00267296-00267382 there
+rTIEteDpEk8-01299-00267383-00267606 is bad visualization techniques more
+rTIEteDpEk8-01300-00267607-00267839 prone to showing absolutely deliberately
+rTIEteDpEk8-01301-00267840-00268103 misleading data
+rTIEteDpEk8-01302-00268104-00268430 um it takes a it takes a good liar to
+rTIEteDpEk8-01303-00268431-00268519 lie well
+rTIEteDpEk8-01304-00268520-00268767 okay i'll just leave that there um i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01305-00268768-00268951 don't think it's bad visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-01306-00268952-00269119 techniques i think they are
+rTIEteDpEk8-01307-00269120-00269343 they're using optical illusion they're
+rTIEteDpEk8-01308-00269344-00269447 using
+rTIEteDpEk8-01309-00269448-00269615 what could be good visualization
+rTIEteDpEk8-01310-00269616-00269847 techniques to mislead people
+rTIEteDpEk8-01311-00269848-00270134 so bad database is bad database badly
+rTIEteDpEk8-01312-00270135-00270191 done
+rTIEteDpEk8-01313-00270192-00270351 like those spies you know not
+rTIEteDpEk8-01314-00270352-00270503 appropriate to the data set not
+rTIEteDpEk8-01315-00270504-00270695 informative
+rTIEteDpEk8-01316-00270696-00271015 visualizations that deliberately mislead
+rTIEteDpEk8-01317-00271016-00271191 are a little bit more cunning than that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01318-00271192-00271358 and they might not be bad
+rTIEteDpEk8-01319-00271359-00271615 visuals they might be good visuals
+rTIEteDpEk8-01320-00271616-00271775 that's why they're misleading
+rTIEteDpEk8-01321-00271776-00272103 we believe them so yeah i think it's
+rTIEteDpEk8-01322-00272104-00272310 back to honesty and integrity on that
+rTIEteDpEk8-01323-00272311-00272582 it's back to truthful
+rTIEteDpEk8-01324-00272583-00272806 thank you thank you paula my pleasure
+rTIEteDpEk8-01325-00272807-00272895 thanks sandra
+rTIEteDpEk8-01326-00272896-00273271 yeah i will you too keep smiling
+rTIEteDpEk8-01327-00273272-00273463 you're welcome tom good thoughtful
+rTIEteDpEk8-01328-00273464-00273719 questions i'm happy to stay for another
+rTIEteDpEk8-01329-00273720-00274182 5-10 minutes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01330-00274183-00274487 thanks john thanks jim
+rTIEteDpEk8-01331-00274488-00274871 how did i get started um i got started
+rTIEteDpEk8-01332-00274872-00275206 i guess um very early on um when i was
+rTIEteDpEk8-01333-00275207-00275310 doing my phd
+rTIEteDpEk8-01334-00275311-00275679 and um i wanted some a different way of
+rTIEteDpEk8-01335-00275680-00275967 showing what was happening in my data
+rTIEteDpEk8-01336-00275968-00276206 and i used test tubes real test tubes
+rTIEteDpEk8-01337-00276207-00276382 larger and smaller test tubes to do a
+rTIEteDpEk8-01338-00276383-00276463 bar chart
+rTIEteDpEk8-01339-00276464-00276727 and my supervisor at the time told me
+rTIEteDpEk8-01340-00276728-00276855 that wasn't scientific
+rTIEteDpEk8-01341-00276856-00277158 and it wouldn't fly and i got annoyed so
+rTIEteDpEk8-01342-00277159-00277367 that's how i started
+rTIEteDpEk8-01343-00277368-00277695 but um but
+rTIEteDpEk8-01344-00277696-00277847 yeah a salient moment that tipped me
+rTIEteDpEk8-01345-00277848-00278143 over the edge was
+rTIEteDpEk8-01346-00278144-00278334 i was working the university of miami
+rTIEteDpEk8-01347-00278335-00278527 and i was director of engagement for
+rTIEteDpEk8-01348-00278528-00278703 computational science across the whole
+rTIEteDpEk8-01349-00278704-00278815 university
+rTIEteDpEk8-01350-00278816-00279134 and i needed something that i needed
+rTIEteDpEk8-01351-00279135-00279495 a topic that was going to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-01352-00279496-00279743 something that everybody used that i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01353-00279744-00279903 could engage everybody with
+rTIEteDpEk8-01354-00279904-00280127 so that whether you're in the school of
+rTIEteDpEk8-01355-00280128-00280303 law or the school of communication or
+rTIEteDpEk8-01356-00280304-00280447 the school of business or the medical
+rTIEteDpEk8-01357-00280448-00280534 school or
+rTIEteDpEk8-01358-00280535-00280823 marine science or physics or engineering
+rTIEteDpEk8-01359-00280824-00280958 i needed one topic
+rTIEteDpEk8-01360-00280959-00281271 that could bring everybody together
+rTIEteDpEk8-01361-00281272-00281455 because i was in computational science
+rTIEteDpEk8-01362-00281456-00281639 that topic was perceived to be
+rTIEteDpEk8-01363-00281640-00282095 data analysis but i needed something
+rTIEteDpEk8-01364-00282096-00282406 a bit more cool and
+rTIEteDpEk8-01365-00282407-00282703 i came across data visualization it kind
+rTIEteDpEk8-01366-00282704-00282799 of i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01367-00282800-00282982 i was reading then i wasn't reading the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01368-00282983-00283230 newspaper i was reading a blog something
+rTIEteDpEk8-01369-00283231-00283375 you know it was one of those moments
+rTIEteDpEk8-01370-00283376-00283599 where wow well that's it database
+rTIEteDpEk8-01371-00283600-00283782 i'm going to do database who in miami
+rTIEteDpEk8-01372-00283783-00284079 does database and i found alberto
+rTIEteDpEk8-01373-00284080-00284271 we applied for some money from the dean
+rTIEteDpEk8-01374-00284272-00284430 we got a whole group together
+rTIEteDpEk8-01375-00284431-00284679 we did something very cool and did in
+rTIEteDpEk8-01376-00284680-00284791 fact in the end
+rTIEteDpEk8-01377-00284792-00285030 engage the whole university except the
+rTIEteDpEk8-01378-00285031-00285119 school of law
+rTIEteDpEk8-01379-00285120-00285295 who was more interested in robotics at
+rTIEteDpEk8-01380-00285296-00285495 the time but i believe they're now
+rTIEteDpEk8-01381-00285496-00285727 i i left about four years ago but i
+rTIEteDpEk8-01382-00285728-00285879 believe they are engaged in dative is
+rTIEteDpEk8-01383-00285880-00286079 there too even the school of law
+rTIEteDpEk8-01384-00286080-00286439 and we we are my team we we were
+rTIEteDpEk8-01385-00286440-00286654 i pride i'm very proud of this we were
+rTIEteDpEk8-01386-00286655-00286847 the first computational
+rTIEteDpEk8-01387-00286848-00287158 science team to have an english phd
+rTIEteDpEk8-01388-00287159-00287239 student
+rTIEteDpEk8-01389-00287240-00287527 who was working on text analysis of in
+rTIEteDpEk8-01390-00287528-00287710 some kind of ancient english
+rTIEteDpEk8-01391-00287711-00287967 um to to actually learn about cool
+rTIEteDpEk8-01392-00287968-00288134 database and he was using
+rTIEteDpEk8-01393-00288135-00288399 words in his bar graphs and and scatter
+rTIEteDpEk8-01394-00288400-00288519 plots and it was just
+rTIEteDpEk8-01395-00288520-00288703 beautiful what he was producing but he
+rTIEteDpEk8-01396-00288704-00288903 was a phd student in english
+rTIEteDpEk8-01397-00288904-00289158 so i told him my story about my my test
+rTIEteDpEk8-01398-00289159-00289343 tubes and how my phd supervisor would
+rTIEteDpEk8-01399-00289344-00289575 not let me use that in my phd thesis
+rTIEteDpEk8-01400-00289576-00289758 and we had a good laugh and it was nice
+rTIEteDpEk8-01401-00289759-00289903 to kind of tie that back
+rTIEteDpEk8-01402-00289904-00290230 in that's my salient moment thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01403-00290231-00290847 matthew
+rTIEteDpEk8-01404-00290848-00291095 any other questions anyone there we
+rTIEteDpEk8-01405-00291096-00291303 still have 23 people here
+rTIEteDpEk8-01406-00291304-00291582 i'm guessing that you're going to yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01407-00291583-00291623 yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01408-00291624-00291934 i'm here i'm thrilled i'm humble thank
+rTIEteDpEk8-01409-00291935-00292734 you thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01410-00292735-00294295 any other questions
+rTIEteDpEk8-01411-00294296-00294487 so we allow everyone to go network then
+rTIEteDpEk8-01412-00294488-00294671 i think so yeah
+rTIEteDpEk8-01413-00294672-00294854 okay brilliant all right thanks very
+rTIEteDpEk8-01414-00294855-00294982 much becky for your help
+rTIEteDpEk8-01415-00294983-00295158 thanks everybody thanks for a great talk
+rTIEteDpEk8-01416-00295159-00295310 session
+rTIEteDpEk8-01417-00295311-00295527 my pleasure i'm delighted it was fun all
+rTIEteDpEk8-01418-00295528-00295654 right
+rTIEteDpEk8-01419-00295655-00296553 bye bye you're welcome matthew thank you
+rTIEteDpEk8-01420-00296554-00296882 [Music]
+rTIEteDpEk8-01421-00296883-00297210 everyone
+rTIEteDpEk8-01423-00303212-00303882 [Music]
+rTIEteDpEk8-01424-00303883-00304415 so
+rTIEteDpEk8-01425-00304416-00304624 you
+rUqs04vYKzY-00000-00000015-00000335 [Music]
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+rUqs04vYKzY-00057-00013375-00013791 [Music]
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+rXFKGpSmGPM-00000-00000080-00000173 [Music]
+rXFKGpSmGPM-00002-00003582-00003663 later
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+rZ2pLRset1u-00000-00000024-00000247 wonderlust by camry electronic is our
+rZ2pLRset1u-00001-00000248-00000407 third store concept store
+rZ2pLRset1u-00002-00000408-00000647 we're here tonight to honor a perth
+rZ2pLRset1u-00003-00000648-00000831 brand that we're super excited to
+rZ2pLRset1u-00004-00000832-00001054 partner with new hero that was named
+rZ2pLRset1u-00005-00001055-00001319 in time best inventions 2020. really
+rZ2pLRset1u-00006-00001320-00001543 glad to be in this fantastic store new
+rZ2pLRset1u-00007-00001544-00001823 year has been around since 2015
+rZ2pLRset1u-00008-00001823-00002039 a distinctly western australian company
+rZ2pLRset1u-00009-00002039-00002199 we're the first retailer in
+rZ2pLRset1u-00010-00002200-00002359 western australia to have new hero
+rZ2pLRset1u-00011-00002360-00002550 products and hearables should be in this
+rZ2pLRset1u-00012-00002551-00002750 store because they are contemporary
+rZ2pLRset1u-00013-00002751-00002942 they're cool and everyone should have
+rZ2pLRset1u-00014-00002943-00003142 one innovation in wearables
+rZ2pLRset1u-00015-00003143-00003351 innovation in retail i must admit when i
+rZ2pLRset1u-00016-00003352-00003511 first heard the name wonderlust i wasn't
+rZ2pLRset1u-00017-00003511-00003743 quite sure what sort of mainstream
+rZ2pLRset1u-00018-00003744-00004070 was it's so wonderful to see the show of
+rZ2pLRset1u-00019-00004071-00004254 strength and confidence
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+rZ2pLRset1u-00021-00004503-00004615 and innovation being
+rZ2pLRset1u-00022-00004616-00004799 shown by the team from new hero
+rZ2pLRset1u-00023-00004800-00005063 officially can i welcome wonderlust to
+rZ2pLRset1u-00024-00005064-00005127 the heart
+rZ2pLRset1u-00025-00005128-00005318 of the high street mall thank you very
+rZ2pLRset1u-00026-00005319-00005683 much for inviting us and
+rZ2pLRset1u-00027-00005684-00005820 great
+rZ2pLRset1u-00028-00005821-00006161 [Applause]
+rZLeKZokbgk-00000-00000400-00000526 what i wanted to do today
+rZLeKZokbgk-00001-00000527-00000862 is first sort of uh give you uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00002-00000863-00001183 my overview on how i feel astrophysical
+rZLeKZokbgk-00003-00001184-00001247 surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-00004-00001248-00001550 have been evolving uh and then tell you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00005-00001551-00001839 why that sort of uh implies that we need
+rZLeKZokbgk-00006-00001839-00002383 these alert broker systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-00007-00002384-00002647 uh so every astrophysical survey that i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00008-00002648-00002775 have been a part of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00009-00002776-00003031 likes to highlight how they are bigger
+rZLeKZokbgk-00010-00003032-00003118 better
+rZLeKZokbgk-00011-00003119-00003351 uh go deeper and find more sources and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00012-00003352-00003479 so for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00013-00003479-00003679 reuben which is what i've been part of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00014-00003679-00003870 for a very long time now
+rZLeKZokbgk-00015-00003871-00004031 we show people things like this so if
+rZLeKZokbgk-00016-00004032-00004206 you look at uh you know early
+rZLeKZokbgk-00017-00004207-00004359 photographic plates this is sort of what
+rZLeKZokbgk-00018-00004360-00004406 you might
+rZLeKZokbgk-00019-00004407-00004654 see uh and going from that to something
+rZLeKZokbgk-00020-00004655-00004791 like the digital sky certainly you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00021-00004792-00004999 immediately see how ccds have changed
+rZLeKZokbgk-00022-00005000-00005079 things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00023-00005080-00005343 and revolutionized how how deep you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00024-00005344-00005463 go
+rZLeKZokbgk-00025-00005464-00005702 how how much resolution you can see on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00026-00005703-00005838 sources but you're still looking at sort
+rZLeKZokbgk-00027-00005839-00006063 of the relatively nearby universe
+rZLeKZokbgk-00028-00006064-00006279 so as you go deeper with larger aperture
+rZLeKZokbgk-00029-00006280-00006383 telescopes
+rZLeKZokbgk-00030-00006384-00006542 uh but potentially smaller field of view
+rZLeKZokbgk-00031-00006543-00006670 you're seeing richer fields you're
+rZLeKZokbgk-00032-00006672-00006870 seeing more sources more distant sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00033-00006872-00007031 in the universe
+rZLeKZokbgk-00034-00007031-00007231 and and potentially fainter sources that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00035-00007231-00007391 are nearby as well
+rZLeKZokbgk-00036-00007392-00007646 and lsst's big trick is to do this of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00037-00007647-00007727 course
+rZLeKZokbgk-00038-00007728-00008127 uh with a much wider field of view
+rZLeKZokbgk-00039-00008128-00008455 than any other instrument there is so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00040-00008456-00008687 with a nine square square degree field
+rZLeKZokbgk-00041-00008688-00008791 of view
+rZLeKZokbgk-00042-00008792-00009055 for a single exposure and the ability to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00043-00009056-00009183 scan the entire
+rZLeKZokbgk-00044-00009184-00009463 southern sky every four nights it'll
+rZLeKZokbgk-00045-00009464-00009646 have something like 37 billion stars in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00046-00009647-00009927 galaxies over the full ten year survey
+rZLeKZokbgk-00047-00009928-00010319 and every single night it'll produce
+rZLeKZokbgk-00048-00010320-00010383 something like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00049-00010384-00010710 10 million alerts what's alert you ask
+rZLeKZokbgk-00050-00010711-00010871 well if you see these galaxies
+rZLeKZokbgk-00051-00010872-00011159 uh in this sort of image and you come
+rZLeKZokbgk-00052-00011160-00011303 back at a later time and take another
+rZLeKZokbgk-00053-00011304-00011471 picture of the same galaxy
+rZLeKZokbgk-00054-00011472-00011631 you can subtract the two of them off
+rZLeKZokbgk-00055-00011632-00011774 there's a little bit of convolution
+rZLeKZokbgk-00056-00011775-00011903 trickery going on there
+rZLeKZokbgk-00057-00011904-00012031 but every now and then you'll find the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00058-00012032-00012206 source that has changed between those
+rZLeKZokbgk-00059-00012207-00012319 two images
+rZLeKZokbgk-00060-00012320-00012606 and that source in the difference image
+rZLeKZokbgk-00061-00012607-00012678 is what
+rZLeKZokbgk-00062-00012679-00012919 leads to an alert it is a significant
+rZLeKZokbgk-00063-00012919-00012991 detection
+rZLeKZokbgk-00064-00012991-00013158 either positive or negative in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00065-00013159-00013343 difference image and that's the core of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00066-00013344-00013527 what you see
+rZLeKZokbgk-00067-00013528-00013694 uh now to give you a sense of just how
+rZLeKZokbgk-00068-00013695-00013903 large ellis system is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00069-00013904-00014143 i want to play this animation uh by my
+rZLeKZokbgk-00070-00014144-00014327 grad student alex galliano
+rZLeKZokbgk-00071-00014328-00014599 so what we're going to do is is uh show
+rZLeKZokbgk-00072-00014600-00014655 you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00073-00014656-00014838 all of the historical supernovae that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00074-00014840-00015079 has ever happened until around 2020
+rZLeKZokbgk-00075-00015080-00015255 and this will go fairly quickly in time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00076-00015256-00015407 and you'll see little flashes
+rZLeKZokbgk-00077-00015408-00015558 here and there on your screen there for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00078-00015559-00015750 example and you'll see as time goes on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00079-00015751-00015886 you're starting to find more and more of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00080-00015887-00016007 these objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-00081-00016008-00016230 uh and then you go from photographic
+rZLeKZokbgk-00082-00016231-00016463 plates to ccds you see sloan digital sky
+rZLeKZokbgk-00083-00016464-00016583 survey turning on so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00084-00016584-00016847 for example just type 82 and so sometime
+rZLeKZokbgk-00085-00016848-00017071 around last year you were around 20 000
+rZLeKZokbgk-00086-00017072-00017455 supernovae this is really great right
+rZLeKZokbgk-00087-00017456-00017686 but this is the accumulated total of all
+rZLeKZokbgk-00088-00017687-00017879 spectroscopically confirmed supernova
+rZLeKZokbgk-00089-00017880-00018103 that we found from a whole bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00090-00018104-00018283 these surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-00091-00018284-00018558 over well actually more than just
+rZLeKZokbgk-00092-00018559-00018727 decades centuries
+rZLeKZokbgk-00093-00018728-00019039 uh and to give you a sense of how lsst
+rZLeKZokbgk-00094-00019040-00019111 is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00095-00019112-00019335 lsst will do more than this in six
+rZLeKZokbgk-00096-00019336-00019567 months
+rZLeKZokbgk-00097-00019568-00019807 so in other words lsst stays alert rate
+rZLeKZokbgk-00098-00019808-00020079 outstrips all of our follow-up resources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00099-00020080-00020327 combined you could give me every r on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00100-00020328-00020494 every spectroscopic facility on the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00101-00020495-00020558 planet
+rZLeKZokbgk-00102-00020559-00020767 and there would still not be enough time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00103-00020768-00021047 to follow every lsst transit
+rZLeKZokbgk-00104-00021048-00021271 this is simply not possible and the core
+rZLeKZokbgk-00105-00021272-00021414 reason for that is that the field of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00106-00021415-00021543 view of all of these eight meter class
+rZLeKZokbgk-00107-00021544-00021743 telescopes is minuscule compared to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00108-00021744-00021847 lsst's
+rZLeKZokbgk-00109-00021848-00021967 enormous field of view which is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00110-00021968-00022383 something like seven four moons across
+rZLeKZokbgk-00111-00022384-00022575 the other challenge that we have is the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00112-00022576-00022743 time domain and transient sky is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00113-00022744-00022983 extremely very people are interested in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00114-00022984-00023143 different sorts of objects so for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00115-00023144-00023199 example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00116-00023200-00023358 i am personally interested in things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00117-00023359-00023542 like supernovae particularly type 1a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00118-00023543-00023639 supernovae
+rZLeKZokbgk-00119-00023640-00023783 they measure the expansionist in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00120-00023784-00023894 universe i'm also interested in things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00121-00023895-00024007 like killing away
+rZLeKZokbgk-00122-00024008-00024167 but my colleague for example professor
+rZLeKZokbgk-00123-00024168-00024263 decker french who's just down the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00124-00024264-00024367 corridor for me
+rZLeKZokbgk-00125-00024368-00024527 works on title disruption events as do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00126-00024528-00024727 some of you uh and there are folks here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00127-00024728-00024871 who work on things like active galactic
+rZLeKZokbgk-00128-00024872-00024999 nuclear i'm sure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00129-00025000-00025150 uh and originally finding things like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00130-00025151-00025335 changing the kgn and so we have very
+rZLeKZokbgk-00131-00025336-00025494 different interests
+rZLeKZokbgk-00132-00025495-00025839 for what we want out of the alert stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-00133-00025839-00026239 from lsst but the bulk of the alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00134-00026239-00026351 that will
+rZLeKZokbgk-00135-00026352-00026551 happen from lsst will be sort of in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00136-00026552-00026799 three broad categories they'll serve
+rZLeKZokbgk-00137-00026800-00027111 three large scientific communities desk
+rZLeKZokbgk-00138-00027112-00027231 which i'm part of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00139-00027232-00027462 as well as tpssc uh so that's the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00140-00027463-00027590 transient and variable star science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00141-00027591-00027751 community and then of course what we'll
+rZLeKZokbgk-00142-00027752-00027870 see else is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00143-00027872-00028102 agn and things like that and so you'll
+rZLeKZokbgk-00144-00028104-00028390 see a whole bunch of these sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00145-00028391-00028758 uh in the lss stream uh and they are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00146-00028760-00028902 very different what sort of science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00147-00028904-00029046 people want to do what sort of time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00148-00029047-00029223 scales people want to study
+rZLeKZokbgk-00149-00029224-00029607 uh with these kind of alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00150-00029608-00029774 uh there's of course a whole category of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00151-00029775-00029935 sources that i haven't talked about
+rZLeKZokbgk-00152-00029936-00030102 sources that are multi messages so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00153-00030103-00030255 zooming into the source you saw that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00154-00030256-00030374 blue contour
+rZLeKZokbgk-00155-00030375-00030670 of the leica virgo cargra localization
+rZLeKZokbgk-00156-00030672-00030927 region for gw 170817
+rZLeKZokbgk-00157-00030927-00031231 and of course as uh you zoom in you were
+rZLeKZokbgk-00158-00031232-00031302 able to actually
+rZLeKZokbgk-00159-00031303-00031558 localize this one multi-messenger source
+rZLeKZokbgk-00160-00031560-00031646 uh and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00161-00031647-00031774 go get a whole bunch of follow-up
+rZLeKZokbgk-00162-00031775-00031951 spectroscopy of it uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00163-00031952-00032167 which is critical because it faded very
+rZLeKZokbgk-00164-00032168-00032343 rapidly by sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00165-00032344-00032607 11 days was much less bright and much
+rZLeKZokbgk-00166-00032608-00032751 harder to study without
+rZLeKZokbgk-00167-00032752-00033055 having hubble for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00168-00033056-00033399 and so one of the things that we have to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00169-00033400-00033455 do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00170-00033456-00033823 in the coming decade for big surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-00171-00033824-00034231 is not just look at surveys individually
+rZLeKZokbgk-00172-00034232-00034431 but to make optimum use of them you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00173-00034432-00034702 to combine data from different sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00174-00034703-00034902 and we have one example of being able to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00175-00034903-00035159 do this successfully into w17017
+rZLeKZokbgk-00176-00035160-00035359 but it was extraordinarily hard and took
+rZLeKZokbgk-00177-00035360-00035495 a huge
+rZLeKZokbgk-00178-00035496-00035727 coordinated community effort with a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00179-00035728-00035927 whole bunch of manual intervention
+rZLeKZokbgk-00180-00035928-00036183 to schedule observations to point
+rZLeKZokbgk-00181-00036184-00036318 telescopes to get directors
+rZLeKZokbgk-00182-00036319-00036446 discretionary time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00183-00036447-00036590 and that's sort of simply not
+rZLeKZokbgk-00184-00036591-00036799 sustainable when you get to the point of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00185-00036800-00036959 having 10 million alerts every single
+rZLeKZokbgk-00186-00036960-00037071 night
+rZLeKZokbgk-00187-00037072-00037411 how do you find something uh like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00188-00037412-00037543 gw170817
+rZLeKZokbgk-00189-00037544-00037727 in that mess it's really hard because
+rZLeKZokbgk-00190-00037728-00037871 it's not a question of trying to find a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00191-00037872-00038007 needle in a haystack
+rZLeKZokbgk-00192-00038008-00038167 it's trying to find a needle within
+rZLeKZokbgk-00193-00038168-00038311 another stack of needles things that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00194-00038312-00038511 all look very very similar needles in a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00195-00038512-00038623 haystack are actually a really easy
+rZLeKZokbgk-00196-00038624-00038743 problem if you want to find a needle in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00197-00038744-00038807 the history
+rZLeKZokbgk-00198-00038808-00039183 just burn the haystack and so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00199-00039184-00039446 the sort of traditional way we do data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00200-00039447-00039574 releases
+rZLeKZokbgk-00201-00039575-00039879 is completely not suitable for this kind
+rZLeKZokbgk-00202-00039880-00039974 of science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00203-00039975-00040230 so if you have a traditional archive and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00204-00040231-00040399 i know groups like cta are thinking of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00205-00040400-00040495 things like this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00206-00040496-00040799 you can go in and say search for m100 or
+rZLeKZokbgk-00207-00040800-00040967 some source and it'll give you after
+rZLeKZokbgk-00208-00040968-00041167 some proprietary period is over
+rZLeKZokbgk-00209-00041168-00041479 or for your own proprietary proposal
+rZLeKZokbgk-00210-00041480-00041711 a list of all of the raw images that you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00211-00041712-00041783 can have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00212-00041784-00041967 maybe you get some image processing with
+rZLeKZokbgk-00213-00041968-00042223 it but there's no catalog level data for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00214-00042224-00042358 any of these sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00215-00042359-00042535 uh in general you'll have to download
+rZLeKZokbgk-00216-00042536-00042662 them you'll have to uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00217-00042663-00042830 take them onto your own laptop or high
+rZLeKZokbgk-00218-00042831-00043023 performance cluster and do your own
+rZLeKZokbgk-00219-00043024-00043239 analysis of them identify sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00220-00043240-00043423 and so this process has a huge amount of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00221-00043424-00043630 latency and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00222-00043631-00043790 if you tell me that you know we're doing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00223-00043791-00043935 this for hubble and of course hubble is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00224-00043936-00044062 over i'll point out that this is the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00225-00044063-00044215 same exact technology being used for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00226-00044216-00044335 gwsd
+rZLeKZokbgk-00227-00044336-00044479 it's the same technology being used for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00228-00044480-00044646 tests it's the same technology being
+rZLeKZokbgk-00229-00044647-00044862 used for a whole bunch of other surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-00230-00044863-00045087 and things haven't changed a huge amount
+rZLeKZokbgk-00231-00045088-00045287 since this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00232-00045288-00045543 uh the big sort of update effectively
+rZLeKZokbgk-00233-00045544-00045743 was sds's gas jobs which gave you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00234-00045744-00045951 instead of having just raw images
+rZLeKZokbgk-00235-00045952-00046255 access to catalog level data so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00236-00046256-00046471 useful data products that were from
+rZLeKZokbgk-00237-00046472-00046679 processing on those images
+rZLeKZokbgk-00238-00046680-00046918 and you could write your own sql query
+rZLeKZokbgk-00239-00046919-00047039 and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00240-00047040-00047246 every now and then sdss will do a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00241-00047247-00047399 massive data release and now you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00242-00047400-00047655 better data of more sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00243-00047656-00047879 going deeper and this is again the mode
+rZLeKZokbgk-00244-00047880-00048039 of operation of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00245-00048040-00048302 ongoing experiments like gaia there is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00246-00048303-00048374 no
+rZLeKZokbgk-00247-00048375-00048671 easy way to get real-time alerts right
+rZLeKZokbgk-00248-00048672-00049023 now
+rZLeKZokbgk-00249-00049024-00049311 so we need to going forward find a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00250-00049312-00049462 better way to filter so this is a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00251-00049463-00049758 cartoon that pete marenfield
+rZLeKZokbgk-00252-00049759-00050071 drew when i was at noa when a postdoc
+rZLeKZokbgk-00253-00050072-00050318 and the real issue of course is volume
+rZLeKZokbgk-00254-00050319-00050446 and rate
+rZLeKZokbgk-00255-00050447-00050695 and you are trying to find objects that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00256-00050696-00050823 are common but also
+rZLeKZokbgk-00257-00050824-00051062 be able to identify extremely rare
+rZLeKZokbgk-00258-00051063-00051214 sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00259-00051215-00051438 and uh for those of you who are uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00260-00051439-00051526 amused by
+rZLeKZokbgk-00261-00051527-00051726 by this uh yes it's me on the left hand
+rZLeKZokbgk-00262-00051727-00051919 side and you may recognize my colleagues
+rZLeKZokbgk-00263-00051920-00052119 professor hanayanami and kulet salek who
+rZLeKZokbgk-00264-00052120-00052207 were
+rZLeKZokbgk-00265-00052208-00052494 postdocs at the same time at me as nyo
+rZLeKZokbgk-00266-00052495-00052647 that's even a direct picture of the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00267-00052648-00052791 white board that was in my office at the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00268-00052791-00052879 time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00269-00052879-00053215 so they just cartoonified us so the key
+rZLeKZokbgk-00270-00053216-00053342 challenge then
+rZLeKZokbgk-00271-00053344-00053566 is not just building a survey that gets
+rZLeKZokbgk-00272-00053567-00053654 better data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00273-00053655-00053871 bigger instruments facilities that go
+rZLeKZokbgk-00274-00053872-00054103 deeper it's to really figure out how to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00275-00054104-00054247 get that data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00276-00054248-00054566 to the community quickly to use it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00277-00054567-00054782 and for the time domain this implies
+rZLeKZokbgk-00278-00054783-00054999 something it means that you have to deal
+rZLeKZokbgk-00279-00055000-00055199 with real-time data streams you can't
+rZLeKZokbgk-00280-00055200-00055415 just wait for periodic data releases
+rZLeKZokbgk-00281-00055416-00055503 every year
+rZLeKZokbgk-00282-00055504-00055726 and you have to process data from
+rZLeKZokbgk-00283-00055727-00055903 heterogeneous sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00284-00055904-00056135 it's not a question of what can i do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00285-00056136-00056342 with just cta it is what can i do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00286-00056344-00056671 with cta and ruben observatory and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00287-00056672-00056959 cmps4 and all of these other experiments
+rZLeKZokbgk-00288-00056960-00057135 all together at the same time ice cube
+rZLeKZokbgk-00289-00057136-00057319 for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00290-00057320-00057542 and that is a much harder challenge
+rZLeKZokbgk-00291-00057544-00057775 because none of that data currently
+rZLeKZokbgk-00292-00057776-00058007 comes out to us in any kind of standard
+rZLeKZokbgk-00293-00058008-00058111 format
+rZLeKZokbgk-00294-00058112-00058454 how do you process that to answer that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00295-00058455-00058591 question
+rZLeKZokbgk-00296-00058591-00058759 we came up with this concept of a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00297-00058760-00059007 middleman much like a stock broker
+rZLeKZokbgk-00298-00059008-00059199 takes your requirements and tries to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00299-00059200-00059391 find a stock portfolio that matches your
+rZLeKZokbgk-00300-00059391-00059535 needs and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00301-00059536-00059863 figures out exactly what you need alert
+rZLeKZokbgk-00302-00059864-00059926 brokers
+rZLeKZokbgk-00303-00059927-00060142 in the middle are doing that except not
+rZLeKZokbgk-00304-00060144-00060319 with stocks but with rather real-time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00305-00060320-00060406 alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00306-00060407-00060703 from ongoing surveys i should mention at
+rZLeKZokbgk-00307-00060704-00060838 any point if you have questions please
+rZLeKZokbgk-00308-00060839-00061023 feel free to interrupt me and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00309-00061024-00061342 i'll happily take them
+rZLeKZokbgk-00310-00061344-00061615 so what do we actually need uh based on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00311-00061616-00061750 those last few slides that i went
+rZLeKZokbgk-00312-00061751-00061879 through
+rZLeKZokbgk-00313-00061879-00062038 we need something to sift through these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00314-00062039-00062206 heterogeneous streams
+rZLeKZokbgk-00315-00062207-00062487 in real time we want to characterize and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00316-00062488-00062566 classify
+rZLeKZokbgk-00317-00062567-00062871 the events that are in the alert stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-00318-00062872-00063047 we want to identify things that are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00319-00063048-00063206 potentially rare so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00320-00063207-00063519 outlier characterization in particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-00321-00063520-00063742 we want to be able to prioritize events
+rZLeKZokbgk-00322-00063744-00063823 for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00323-00063824-00064023 follow-up automatically rather than have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00324-00064024-00064238 a human like some grad student figure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00325-00064239-00064391 out oh i want this object
+rZLeKZokbgk-00326-00064391-00064519 that's simply not going to scale when
+rZLeKZokbgk-00327-00064520-00064663 you have 10 million words every single
+rZLeKZokbgk-00328-00064664-00064694 night
+rZLeKZokbgk-00329-00064695-00064838 there's no way a human can even look
+rZLeKZokbgk-00330-00064839-00065054 through all of them
+rZLeKZokbgk-00331-00065055-00065206 and you want to actively learn from that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00332-00065207-00065375 follow-up you want to have a system
+rZLeKZokbgk-00333-00065376-00065647 that improves over time and gets better
+rZLeKZokbgk-00334-00065648-00065775 and better
+rZLeKZokbgk-00335-00065776-00066023 with every classified spectrum so the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00336-00066024-00066175 core functionality
+rZLeKZokbgk-00337-00066176-00066406 then is to do all of the above and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00338-00066407-00066559 provide a search and filtering and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00339-00066560-00066743 communicate service to the entire
+rZLeKZokbgk-00340-00066744-00066847 community
+rZLeKZokbgk-00341-00066848-00067150 so the core part of what a broker does i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00342-00067151-00067247 think is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00343-00067248-00067559 this box region over here now there are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00344-00067560-00067726 a few different brokers out there
+rZLeKZokbgk-00345-00067727-00067919 uh it's not a huge amount it's a it's a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00346-00067920-00068071 handful something on the order of like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00347-00068072-00068182 six to eight
+rZLeKZokbgk-00348-00068183-00068319 uh and this will also be about the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00349-00068320-00068543 number that lsst supports um
+rZLeKZokbgk-00350-00068544-00068879 in their ongoing operations so how lsst
+rZLeKZokbgk-00351-00068880-00069023 will actually interact with this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00352-00069024-00069231 is lssd is not going to run a broker on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00353-00069232-00069343 its own
+rZLeKZokbgk-00354-00069344-00069655 but rather as part of its own processing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00355-00069656-00069815 they will create buster stamps and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00356-00069816-00070015 alerts from the different symmetries
+rZLeKZokbgk-00357-00070016-00070287 those who go into a message queue uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00358-00070288-00070494 implemented by a technology called kafka
+rZLeKZokbgk-00359-00070495-00070735 and those get broadcasted to these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00360-00070736-00070879 community alert brokers including the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00361-00070880-00071055 one that i work on and that is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00362-00071056-00071359 and and you the user or you another
+rZLeKZokbgk-00363-00071360-00071479 science collaboration
+rZLeKZokbgk-00364-00071480-00071623 connected the brokers rather than to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00365-00071624-00071791 lsst directly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00366-00071792-00072006 there is another method of access uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00367-00072007-00072199 that is sort of in the same vein as
+rZLeKZokbgk-00368-00072200-00072471 is what i showed you with sdss cache job
+rZLeKZokbgk-00369-00072472-00072591 and that is through things like the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00370-00072592-00072775 ruben science platform so every
+rZLeKZokbgk-00371-00072776-00072935 now and then there will be a yearly data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00372-00072936-00073111 release for example that will go onto
+rZLeKZokbgk-00373-00073112-00073238 the science platform and it'll give you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00374-00073239-00073343 the same sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00375-00073344-00073599 uh sql tools to query that database but
+rZLeKZokbgk-00376-00073600-00073735 also
+rZLeKZokbgk-00377-00073736-00073887 something like a jupiter hub environment
+rZLeKZokbgk-00378-00073888-00074319 to do more complex analysis
+rZLeKZokbgk-00379-00074320-00074806 okay so the alerts themselves
+rZLeKZokbgk-00380-00074807-00075015 right now come in the form of what is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00381-00075016-00075238 called a apache kafka queue
+rZLeKZokbgk-00382-00075239-00075519 uh so these kafka is a technology that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00383-00075520-00075647 was developed by the apache software
+rZLeKZokbgk-00384-00075648-00075838 foundation the same sort of group that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00385-00075839-00076167 that for example constructed uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00386-00076168-00076326 sort of web servers that you're familiar
+rZLeKZokbgk-00387-00076327-00076511 with for most everything
+rZLeKZokbgk-00388-00076512-00076655 and it can have several different
+rZLeKZokbgk-00389-00076656-00076862 producers and for producer here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00390-00076863-00077159 fill in groups like lsst or cta or ice
+rZLeKZokbgk-00391-00077160-00077350 cube or whatever else
+rZLeKZokbgk-00392-00077351-00077599 and they produce records that go into
+rZLeKZokbgk-00393-00077600-00077694 topics
+rZLeKZokbgk-00394-00077695-00077903 topics for example can be things like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00395-00077904-00078062 supernovae or
+rZLeKZokbgk-00396-00078063-00078335 last night's clothes so they can be very
+rZLeKZokbgk-00397-00078336-00078503 generally
+rZLeKZokbgk-00398-00078504-00078862 defined and those in turn get connected
+rZLeKZokbgk-00399-00078863-00079231 to a queue through a queue system to the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00400-00079232-00079359 consumers
+rZLeKZokbgk-00401-00079360-00079623 here what we're really talking about are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00402-00079624-00079759 the broker systems i will actually be
+rZLeKZokbgk-00403-00079760-00079823 listening to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00404-00079824-00080087 these scripts but you can also imagine
+rZLeKZokbgk-00405-00080088-00080182 the brokers run an
+rZLeKZokbgk-00406-00080183-00080367 instance of this exact same thing and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00407-00080368-00080526 use the same sort of technology to talk
+rZLeKZokbgk-00408-00080527-00080823 directly to the users themselves
+rZLeKZokbgk-00409-00080824-00081087 now the nice thing about kafka is it's
+rZLeKZokbgk-00410-00081088-00081335 extremely fault tolerant
+rZLeKZokbgk-00411-00081336-00081494 consumers can disconnect there can be
+rZLeKZokbgk-00412-00081495-00081655 new messages pushed in the queue once
+rZLeKZokbgk-00413-00081656-00081782 they reconnect they'll simply pick up
+rZLeKZokbgk-00414-00081783-00081911 from where they left off there's a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00415-00081912-00082087 buffer of up to like a week
+rZLeKZokbgk-00416-00082088-00082279 it's a system that guarantees at least
+rZLeKZokbgk-00417-00082280-00082431 once message delivery
+rZLeKZokbgk-00418-00082432-00082559 you can have more than one repeated
+rZLeKZokbgk-00419-00082560-00082767 message but at least you'll get one copy
+rZLeKZokbgk-00420-00082768-00082855 of it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00421-00082856-00083247 so hopefully nothing gets dropped it has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00422-00083248-00083367 it's very efficient in the way it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00423-00083368-00083599 serializes its data and sends it out
+rZLeKZokbgk-00424-00083600-00083775 and it's particularly the case when you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00425-00083776-00083943 also combine
+rZLeKZokbgk-00426-00083944-00084087 how you send the data in the form of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00427-00084088-00084335 kafka with what data you send
+rZLeKZokbgk-00428-00084336-00084638 in the form of the format so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00429-00084639-00084823 the format that's being used for alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00430-00084824-00084982 right now is this thing called apache
+rZLeKZokbgk-00431-00084983-00085087 avro
+rZLeKZokbgk-00432-00085088-00085494 which is effectively a serialized json
+rZLeKZokbgk-00433-00085495-00085694 schema that encodes a whole bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00434-00085695-00085831 data uh i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00435-00085832-00086118 put in lsst's own alert packet example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00436-00086119-00086215 and schema for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00437-00086216-00086391 folks here in the cta to start thinking
+rZLeKZokbgk-00438-00086392-00086550 about and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00439-00086551-00086887 i think of this entire ecosystem of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00440-00086888-00087223 kafka plus avro as very much a successor
+rZLeKZokbgk-00441-00087224-00087350 to beownet
+rZLeKZokbgk-00442-00087351-00087550 video event has of course been along for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00443-00087551-00087671 a lot longer
+rZLeKZokbgk-00444-00087672-00087911 but the mere fact that big surveys like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00445-00087912-00088094 this wiki transient facility
+rZLeKZokbgk-00446-00088095-00088287 and syrian lsst and like over the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00447-00088288-00088518 congress as well as groups like s news
+rZLeKZokbgk-00448-00088519-00088703 and such as starting to use
+rZLeKZokbgk-00449-00088704-00088935 uh kafka directly or a thing called
+rZLeKZokbgk-00450-00088936-00089135 hopscotch we'll talk about in a second
+rZLeKZokbgk-00451-00089136-00089359 mean that in the couple of years that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00452-00089360-00089535 ctf has been running there are now
+rZLeKZokbgk-00453-00089536-00089718 vastly more alerts that have been sent
+rZLeKZokbgk-00454-00089719-00089918 out over kafka
+rZLeKZokbgk-00455-00089919-00090191 with avro packets than vo events have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00456-00090192-00090294 done in their entire
+rZLeKZokbgk-00457-00090295-00090679 existence and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00458-00090680-00090991 currently access management for these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00459-00090992-00091175 consumers is very basic it's just in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00460-00091176-00091382 form of an ib white list
+rZLeKZokbgk-00461-00091383-00091647 but a group called the scalable cyber
+rZLeKZokbgk-00462-00091648-00091775 infrastructure for multi messenger
+rZLeKZokbgk-00463-00091776-00091999 astrophysics which i'm a part of simmer
+rZLeKZokbgk-00464-00092000-00092167 is adding this identity and access
+rZLeKZokbgk-00465-00092168-00092382 management layer to all of this kafka
+rZLeKZokbgk-00466-00092383-00092535 infrastructure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00467-00092536-00092823 and they call that product hopscotch and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00468-00092824-00092999 so hopscotch i think will become very
+rZLeKZokbgk-00469-00093000-00093143 much the standard
+rZLeKZokbgk-00470-00093144-00093391 over the next few years for how these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00471-00093392-00093511 alerts are sent out from big
+rZLeKZokbgk-00472-00093512-00093671 astrophysical surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-00473-00093672-00093882 to broker systems to eventually get to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00474-00093883-00093999 consumers
+rZLeKZokbgk-00475-00094000-00094318 so how my first suggestion for how cta
+rZLeKZokbgk-00476-00094319-00094367 can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00477-00094368-00094599 sort of engage in this ecosystem which
+rZLeKZokbgk-00478-00094600-00094774 is what albert told me that i needed to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00479-00094775-00094911 sort of emphasize
+rZLeKZokbgk-00480-00094912-00095182 uh is to start to work with these groups
+rZLeKZokbgk-00481-00095183-00095343 that have already started
+rZLeKZokbgk-00482-00095344-00095606 paving the way to getting alerts in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00483-00095607-00095726 time domain so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00484-00095727-00096055 sima ruben observatory ctf there are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00485-00096056-00096326 examples for the uh data distribution
+rZLeKZokbgk-00486-00096327-00096471 system kafka
+rZLeKZokbgk-00487-00096472-00096823 and navra packets out there uh you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00488-00096824-00096926 of course have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00489-00096927-00097150 now multiple years of ztf operations to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00490-00097151-00097335 have example sample data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00491-00097336-00097535 uh and it's pretty easily adaptable and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00492-00097536-00097694 i'll show you this in a few slides
+rZLeKZokbgk-00493-00097695-00098126 um to any other survey
+rZLeKZokbgk-00494-00098127-00098415 so brokers then are the things that are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00495-00098416-00098574 receiving the alerts from these big
+rZLeKZokbgk-00496-00098575-00098726 surveys like lssd
+rZLeKZokbgk-00497-00098727-00099103 or ctf or through other groups like amon
+rZLeKZokbgk-00498-00099104-00099359 which is a another uh multi-messaging
+rZLeKZokbgk-00499-00099360-00099455 monitoring network that i think you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00500-00099456-00099703 heard about the last cta colloquium
+rZLeKZokbgk-00501-00099704-00099982 city of webinar although and what
+rZLeKZokbgk-00502-00099983-00100103 brokers then do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00503-00100104-00100303 is of course manage these industries so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00504-00100304-00100479 they add contextual information
+rZLeKZokbgk-00505-00100480-00100687 they help you characterize these sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00506-00100688-00100871 they want to annotate rank and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00507-00100872-00100950 distribute
+rZLeKZokbgk-00508-00100951-00101231 and classify them to the community uh so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00509-00101232-00101423 the community for example can listen to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00510-00101424-00101543 this directly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00511-00101544-00101718 but you can also have completely
+rZLeKZokbgk-00512-00101719-00101879 automated pipelines
+rZLeKZokbgk-00513-00101880-00102062 uh listening to these things things like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00514-00102063-00102326 telescope observatory managers or toms
+rZLeKZokbgk-00515-00102327-00102502 which connect directly to telescopes for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00516-00102503-00102671 automatic follow-up for example so you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00517-00102672-00102775 can imagine
+rZLeKZokbgk-00518-00102776-00103047 a pipeline for example where we issue an
+rZLeKZokbgk-00519-00103048-00103127 alert from
+rZLeKZokbgk-00520-00103128-00103375 a survey like an ssd a broker like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00521-00103376-00103454 antares
+rZLeKZokbgk-00522-00103455-00103751 characterizes it completely and says hey
+rZLeKZokbgk-00523-00103752-00103951 this matches your criterion for an
+rZLeKZokbgk-00524-00103952-00104102 interesting rising
+rZLeKZokbgk-00525-00104103-00104406 early young supernova and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00526-00104407-00104647 because you have also asked us to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00527-00104648-00104871 connect it up to the storms we will now
+rZLeKZokbgk-00528-00104872-00105110 issue an alert that says trigger your
+rZLeKZokbgk-00529-00105111-00105247 observing program
+rZLeKZokbgk-00530-00105248-00105534 and point your telescope at the source
+rZLeKZokbgk-00531-00105535-00105678 and the important thing here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00532-00105679-00105895 is that sort of latency for multimaster
+rZLeKZokbgk-00533-00105896-00106015 transfer physics
+rZLeKZokbgk-00534-00106016-00106310 really drops down from a few days to a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00535-00106311-00106383 few hours
+rZLeKZokbgk-00536-00106383-00106558 you know a few minutes to potentially
+rZLeKZokbgk-00537-00106559-00106839 seconds
+rZLeKZokbgk-00538-00106840-00107158 the core ability of brokers is enabled
+rZLeKZokbgk-00539-00107159-00107415 by not defining the science that you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00540-00107416-00107702 want to do ourselves but rather letting
+rZLeKZokbgk-00541-00107703-00107895 you write your own filters
+rZLeKZokbgk-00542-00107896-00108095 so if you want to do any kind of complex
+rZLeKZokbgk-00543-00108096-00108271 targeted processing of a large amount of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00544-00108272-00108407 data sets
+rZLeKZokbgk-00545-00108408-00108647 write a little bit of code in python and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00546-00108648-00108990 we will run your code for you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00547-00108991-00109278 in real time on the server stream so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00548-00109279-00109415 this really lets you correlate
+rZLeKZokbgk-00549-00109416-00109575 optical gravitational wave energy
+rZLeKZokbgk-00550-00109576-00109686 particle neutrino triggers for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00551-00109688-00109871 multimeter raster physics
+rZLeKZokbgk-00552-00109872-00110047 and it's already up and running so you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00553-00110048-00110223 can sign up and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00554-00110224-00110486 antares will start processing ztf data
+rZLeKZokbgk-00555-00110488-00110695 for you with your own filters
+rZLeKZokbgk-00556-00110696-00110847 uh should you want to do any kind of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00557-00110848-00111102 explanatory analysis
+rZLeKZokbgk-00558-00111103-00111271 uh and i want to highlight the people
+rZLeKZokbgk-00559-00111272-00111471 that are really really crucial here and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00560-00111472-00111615 terry is now actually also a publisher
+rZLeKZokbgk-00561-00111616-00111702 for this since
+rZLeKZokbgk-00562-00111703-00111886 uh i'm in i'm in the context of a bunch
+rZLeKZokbgk-00563-00111888-00112031 of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00564-00112032-00112271 particle astrophysicists antares has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00565-00112272-00112375 nothing to do with the particle
+rZLeKZokbgk-00566-00112376-00112510 astrophysics experiment
+rZLeKZokbgk-00567-00112511-00112719 uh the the acronym stands for the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00568-00112720-00112823 arizona
+rZLeKZokbgk-00569-00112824-00113102 noaa lab transient uh alert and response
+rZLeKZokbgk-00570-00113103-00113231 to event system
+rZLeKZokbgk-00571-00113232-00113399 uh which is also no longer accurate
+rZLeKZokbgk-00572-00113400-00113599 because initially it was nio and one lab
+rZLeKZokbgk-00573-00113600-00113631 has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00574-00113632-00113790 you know has been pre-named noaa lab
+rZLeKZokbgk-00575-00113791-00113966 plus people who were at noaa
+rZLeKZokbgk-00576-00113967-00114158 you know all over the country monica
+rZLeKZokbgk-00577-00114159-00114295 sadism here is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00578-00114296-00114727 with me at illinois there are folks in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00579-00114728-00114990 hawaii for example uh who are working
+rZLeKZokbgk-00580-00114991-00115143 with it but these are the core folks who
+rZLeKZokbgk-00581-00115144-00115190 have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00582-00115191-00115510 uh developed and curry so uh monica uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00583-00115511-00115615 jen shirley
+rZLeKZokbgk-00584-00115616-00115823 and tom madison are the course science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00585-00115824-00115966 people uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00586-00115967-00116239 along with me and nick wolf adam scott
+rZLeKZokbgk-00587-00116240-00116343 and carl
+rZLeKZokbgk-00588-00116344-00116663 core uh development people
+rZLeKZokbgk-00589-00116664-00116871 so rather than sort of just show you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00590-00116872-00117047 static slides i think that what i will
+rZLeKZokbgk-00591-00117048-00117102 do is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00592-00117103-00117423 stop sharing my screen my slideshow
+rZLeKZokbgk-00593-00117424-00117799 and instead share um my web
+rZLeKZokbgk-00594-00117800-00118063 browser and just give you a walkthrough
+rZLeKZokbgk-00595-00118064-00118231 of how the system looks in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00596-00118232-00118478 honesty goodness real time with a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00597-00118479-00118607 completely vanilla
+rZLeKZokbgk-00598-00118608-00118847 generic user account that's my own
+rZLeKZokbgk-00599-00118848-00119031 account here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00600-00119032-00119271 i have no special privileges nothing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00601-00119272-00119415 nothing that i will show you is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00602-00119416-00119631 something that you cannot do yourself
+rZLeKZokbgk-00603-00119632-00119783 uh if you are looking at this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00604-00119783-00119966 presentation later on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00605-00119967-00120214 uh in just the slideshow format uh there
+rZLeKZokbgk-00606-00120215-00120302 are slides that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00607-00120303-00120486 will walk you through what i'm doing and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00608-00120488-00120639 give you links to things like example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00609-00120640-00120823 notebooks
+rZLeKZokbgk-00610-00120824-00121071 and so on and so forth now the alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00611-00121072-00121286 from antares come in the form of these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00612-00121288-00121551 objects from ztf you can sort of decide
+rZLeKZokbgk-00613-00121552-00121710 that you only want to for example look
+rZLeKZokbgk-00614-00121711-00121863 at objects where the latest alert was
+rZLeKZokbgk-00615-00121864-00122047 within the last week
+rZLeKZokbgk-00616-00122048-00122271 and maybe you want to limit the number
+rZLeKZokbgk-00617-00122272-00122431 of measurements it has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00618-00122432-00122647 maybe you want to ask for example if
+rZLeKZokbgk-00619-00122648-00122734 people here are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00620-00122735-00122886 particularly interested in galaxies we
+rZLeKZokbgk-00621-00122888-00123054 can demand that it is cost
+rZLeKZokbgk-00622-00123055-00123366 associated with sdss catalogs
+rZLeKZokbgk-00623-00123367-00123623 so nyu's value-added catalog maybe you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00624-00123624-00123799 also are particularly interested in agn
+rZLeKZokbgk-00625-00123800-00123919 so we can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00626-00123920-00124143 see if we can find something that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00627-00124144-00124478 satisfies all of those criteria
+rZLeKZokbgk-00628-00124479-00124671 and sure enough after a couple of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00629-00124672-00124807 seconds of processing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00630-00124808-00125039 uh my screen here is moving a little bit
+rZLeKZokbgk-00631-00125040-00125127 slower than
+rZLeKZokbgk-00632-00125128-00125471 uh the zoom window
+rZLeKZokbgk-00633-00125472-00125599 is updating a little bit slower than my
+rZLeKZokbgk-00634-00125600-00125758 actual screen so this takes literally no
+rZLeKZokbgk-00635-00125759-00125863 time at all
+rZLeKZokbgk-00636-00125864-00126143 uh you get all the latest notes and so i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00637-00126144-00126319 have no idea what any of these things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00638-00126320-00126423 are so i'm just going to click
+rZLeKZokbgk-00639-00126424-00126590 completely random at one of these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00640-00126591-00126847 sources uh let's look at one that has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00641-00126848-00127175 just a few alerts at least so this one
+rZLeKZokbgk-00642-00127176-00127334 for example has two alerts at a location
+rZLeKZokbgk-00643-00127335-00127478 you can see the sort of light curve that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00644-00127479-00127566 you get
+rZLeKZokbgk-00645-00127567-00127831 from ztf and you can see the last couple
+rZLeKZokbgk-00646-00127832-00127943 of detections
+rZLeKZokbgk-00647-00127944-00128143 where it has apparently it isn't you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00648-00128144-00128278 get something like a poster stamp you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00649-00128279-00128478 can see where this detections are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00650-00128479-00128654 and you can see the associations for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00651-00128655-00128823 this particular object so for example i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00652-00128824-00128934 had requested that it was in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00653-00128935-00129190 nyu is while you are a galaxy catalog so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00654-00129191-00129351 everything that is in ny is while you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00655-00129352-00129510 had a galaxy catalog
+rZLeKZokbgk-00656-00129511-00129799 shows up here and so you can do all of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00657-00129800-00130054 this stuff through just the web page
+rZLeKZokbgk-00658-00130055-00130334 but you can also require alerts that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00659-00130335-00130478 meet other people's
+rZLeKZokbgk-00660-00130479-00130783 filtering criterion so let's just clear
+rZLeKZokbgk-00661-00130783-00130871 some of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00662-00130872-00131207 these criteria off because often
+rZLeKZokbgk-00663-00131208-00131502 if i use a filter i'm using a much more
+rZLeKZokbgk-00664-00131503-00131566 selective
+rZLeKZokbgk-00665-00131567-00131999 record and who knows exactly what you'll
+rZLeKZokbgk-00666-00132000-00132190 find so you can see that we have a bunch
+rZLeKZokbgk-00667-00132191-00132335 of criteria
+rZLeKZokbgk-00668-00132336-00132583 that are effectively tags so filters
+rZLeKZokbgk-00669-00132584-00132847 create little tags that you can look at
+rZLeKZokbgk-00670-00132848-00133127 and those tags define whether an object
+rZLeKZokbgk-00671-00133128-00133311 is interesting or not these tags already
+rZLeKZokbgk-00672-00133312-00133439 have the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00673-00133440-00133759 uh the particular sources identified
+rZLeKZokbgk-00674-00133760-00133959 most the names are reasonably self
+rZLeKZokbgk-00675-00133960-00134102 explanatory otherwise there's a little
+rZLeKZokbgk-00676-00134103-00134295 table that explains what they are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00677-00134296-00134414 but let's just say we're looking at
+rZLeKZokbgk-00678-00134415-00134727 nuclear transits why not
+rZLeKZokbgk-00679-00134728-00134966 uh so you can get your list now with
+rZLeKZokbgk-00680-00134967-00135166 that tag associated with it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00681-00135167-00135319 uh and look at things that are just
+rZLeKZokbgk-00682-00135320-00135543 nuclear transits you can also get this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00683-00135544-00135687 through the filters directly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00684-00135688-00135863 so you can go in here and create your
+rZLeKZokbgk-00685-00135864-00136031 own for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00686-00136032-00136190 or look at any of the tags so for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00687-00136191-00136375 example i can look at
+rZLeKZokbgk-00688-00136376-00136719 monikers or isom's tag for subluminous
+rZLeKZokbgk-00689-00136720-00136959 supernovae
+rZLeKZokbgk-00690-00136960-00137183 and you could sort this thing of course
+rZLeKZokbgk-00691-00137184-00137335 however you like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00692-00137336-00137663 i'm going to i think sort by things that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00693-00137664-00137863 are relatively decent in time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00694-00137864-00138135 uh and maybe by brightness those seem
+rZLeKZokbgk-00695-00138136-00138383 like sensible things to sort out for me
+rZLeKZokbgk-00696-00138384-00138814 um this is an ascending order thing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00697-00138815-00139039 and again i'm going to pick one
+rZLeKZokbgk-00698-00139040-00139135 completely random
+rZLeKZokbgk-00699-00139136-00139583 type okay that's a cool one um
+rZLeKZokbgk-00700-00139584-00139823 so that looks like a regular supernova
+rZLeKZokbgk-00701-00139824-00139935 to me
+rZLeKZokbgk-00702-00139936-00140102 completely random again here i'm just
+rZLeKZokbgk-00703-00140103-00140247 picking whatever i found
+rZLeKZokbgk-00704-00140248-00140543 you can find the galaxy it's in any
+rZLeKZokbgk-00705-00140544-00140775 catalog information that it has
+rZLeKZokbgk-00706-00140776-00141054 so for example this is uh in an sdss
+rZLeKZokbgk-00707-00141055-00141311 galaxy so all of its magnitudes are here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00708-00141312-00141487 and this is really just using monica's
+rZLeKZokbgk-00709-00141488-00141790 code to find it uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00710-00141791-00141911 i'm going to actually bet that this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00711-00141912-00142078 particular source is a classified
+rZLeKZokbgk-00712-00142079-00142199 supernova because it's
+rZLeKZokbgk-00713-00142200-00142535 it's caught into 18.5 and since i'm a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00714-00142536-00142695 supernova person i can tell by
+rZLeKZokbgk-00715-00142696-00142883 roughly the rise time but this is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00716-00142884-00143007 probably a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00717-00143008-00143271 coke lab supernova probably a type 2 of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00718-00143272-00143375 some sort
+rZLeKZokbgk-00719-00143376-00143526 let's go to the transient name server
+rZLeKZokbgk-00720-00143527-00144214 and check if i did that reasonably well
+rZLeKZokbgk-00721-00144215-00144487 and uh let's see that is in fact an
+rZLeKZokbgk-00722-00144488-00144711 entry i can see that sn
+rZLeKZokbgk-00723-00144712-00144926 um and there is a spectrum there is a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00724-00144927-00145078 hydrogen line that is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00725-00145079-00145439 foshwaric or collapse type 2 supernova
+rZLeKZokbgk-00726-00145440-00145678 um and in fact it was classified by
+rZLeKZokbgk-00727-00145679-00145847 francisco foster the university group
+rZLeKZokbgk-00728-00145848-00145999 which is one of the other broker systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-00729-00146000-00146263 out there so this is this is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00730-00146264-00146414 a quick example of how this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00731-00146415-00146566 infrastructure can very quickly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00732-00146567-00146847 let you find and discover sources in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00733-00146848-00147007 these large alert streams etfs are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00734-00147008-00147111 sending out something like a million
+rZLeKZokbgk-00735-00147112-00147207 dollars per night
+rZLeKZokbgk-00736-00147208-00147375 but with a few clicks of my mouse to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00737-00147376-00147551 this web interface i was able to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00738-00147552-00147879 to very quickly identify and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00739-00147880-00148023 [Music]
+rZLeKZokbgk-00740-00148024-00148326 find this interesting large source and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00741-00148327-00148431 of course
+rZLeKZokbgk-00742-00148432-00148814 this tag sir monica's uh subliminalist
+rZLeKZokbgk-00743-00148815-00149135 tag uh may not be exactly what you want
+rZLeKZokbgk-00744-00149136-00149247 for your science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00745-00149248-00149526 but you can actually see your own
+rZLeKZokbgk-00746-00149527-00149599 science
+rZLeKZokbgk-00747-00149600-00149959 uh uh codes by simply checking out how
+rZLeKZokbgk-00748-00149960-00150190 our tags are created so for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00749-00150191-00150431 if you want to see for example how our
+rZLeKZokbgk-00750-00150432-00150678 high amplitude tag is created
+rZLeKZokbgk-00751-00150679-00150943 simply expand that code and you'll get
+rZLeKZokbgk-00752-00150944-00151071 the python code
+rZLeKZokbgk-00753-00151072-00151471 that our system runs on the ztf load
+rZLeKZokbgk-00754-00151472-00151526 stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-00755-00151527-00151863 this is a user contributed code
+rZLeKZokbgk-00756-00151864-00152014 and you can write your own version of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00757-00152015-00152351 this code to do this so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00758-00152352-00152743 for example if you go to the jupiter lab
+rZLeKZokbgk-00759-00152744-00153023 environment that antares uh that naos
+rZLeKZokbgk-00760-00153024-00153135 data lab hosts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00761-00153136-00153254 one of the notebooks that you'll be able
+rZLeKZokbgk-00762-00153255-00153502 to find there is this antares filter
+rZLeKZokbgk-00763-00153503-00153639 development kit and this is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00764-00153640-00153807 a simple jupyter notebook that simply
+rZLeKZokbgk-00765-00153808-00154023 walks you through how to create
+rZLeKZokbgk-00766-00154024-00154390 how to connect to our server how to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00767-00154391-00154566 write your own filter from scratches
+rZLeKZokbgk-00768-00154567-00154743 with the python code
+rZLeKZokbgk-00769-00154744-00155014 and do your own signs and you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00770-00155015-00155102 access to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00771-00155103-00155319 any of the properties created by any of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00772-00155320-00155463 the other filters
+rZLeKZokbgk-00773-00155464-00155695 but also all of the properties in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00774-00155696-00155878 alerts themselves so again
+rZLeKZokbgk-00775-00155879-00156014 here is where i'm going to quickly show
+rZLeKZokbgk-00776-00156015-00156319 you the avro schema what's in an alert
+rZLeKZokbgk-00777-00156320-00156639 each detection each source uh comes with
+rZLeKZokbgk-00778-00156640-00156775 whatever is in that one particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-00779-00156776-00156959 dimension so this is lsst's format but
+rZLeKZokbgk-00780-00156960-00157119 it's very close to what ztf is using
+rZLeKZokbgk-00781-00157120-00157190 anyway
+rZLeKZokbgk-00782-00157191-00157351 so you get the obvious things like rna
+rZLeKZokbgk-00783-00157352-00157495 and declination of course
+rZLeKZokbgk-00784-00157496-00157654 but you also get things like aperture
+rZLeKZokbgk-00785-00157655-00157799 works psf lux
+rZLeKZokbgk-00786-00157800-00158078 and so on and so on uh if it's trailed
+rZLeKZokbgk-00787-00158079-00158214 for example if you're looking for solar
+rZLeKZokbgk-00788-00158215-00158343 system sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00789-00158344-00158583 uh if there's a dipole for example to do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00790-00158584-00158775 any kind of distinguishing between real
+rZLeKZokbgk-00791-00158776-00158902 and bogus sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00792-00158903-00159102 you have all of these things and so you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00793-00159103-00159278 can write any filter that you want that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00794-00159279-00159478 uses any of these properties
+rZLeKZokbgk-00795-00159479-00159647 plus anything that we compute ourselves
+rZLeKZokbgk-00796-00159648-00159823 within our areas
+rZLeKZokbgk-00797-00159824-00159999 so it's an extraordinarily rich
+rZLeKZokbgk-00798-00160000-00160247 ecosystem that you're
+rZLeKZokbgk-00799-00160248-00160439 effectively becoming part of when you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00800-00160440-00160631 start sending out your alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-00801-00160632-00160943 in real time rather than doing a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00802-00160944-00161254 annual data release it gives you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00803-00161255-00161423 the ability as a scientist to sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00804-00161424-00161678 look at resources very very quickly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00805-00161679-00161983 and do all sorts of analysis in no time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00806-00161984-00162214 whatsoever
+rZLeKZokbgk-00807-00162215-00162399 so in addition to sort of typical
+rZLeKZokbgk-00808-00162400-00162623 filters maybe you have a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00809-00162624-00162814 list of known sources your own little
+rZLeKZokbgk-00810-00162815-00163007 catalog you can create a watch list for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00811-00163008-00163102 that catalog
+rZLeKZokbgk-00812-00163103-00163319 and simply update and they'll simply
+rZLeKZokbgk-00813-00163320-00163526 give you a slack notification alert
+rZLeKZokbgk-00814-00163527-00163711 or let you know and the watch list is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00815-00163712-00163951 really very simple it's just a csv file
+rZLeKZokbgk-00816-00163952-00164126 with an ra and deck in a radius and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00817-00164127-00164343 every time that source has a new alert
+rZLeKZokbgk-00818-00164344-00164631 from any server not just lsst or zdf
+rZLeKZokbgk-00819-00164632-00164959 but potentially cta itself or say if we
+rZLeKZokbgk-00820-00164960-00165166 connect up to ice cubes alerts to aim on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00821-00165167-00165319 for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00822-00165320-00165502 you can get your address you can go on
+rZLeKZokbgk-00823-00165503-00165647 the slack channel so you can have your
+rZLeKZokbgk-00824-00165648-00165831 phone ding at you as much as you like or
+rZLeKZokbgk-00825-00165832-00165999 as little as you like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00826-00166000-00166326 and filters are more a more complicated
+rZLeKZokbgk-00827-00166327-00166495 version of watches but again you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00828-00166496-00166711 write your own code and submit it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00829-00166712-00166878 anywhere you like and the jupyter
+rZLeKZokbgk-00830-00166879-00167126 notebook environment for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00831-00167127-00167247 that i showed you the devkit lets you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00832-00167248-00167471 write your own filters these can be
+rZLeKZokbgk-00833-00167472-00167638 for example quite complicated things so
+rZLeKZokbgk-00834-00167639-00167807 i'm showing you here a filter that i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00835-00167808-00167887 wrote for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00836-00167888-00168111 uh ogle's microlensing project that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00837-00168112-00168238 actually will for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00838-00168239-00168535 do a full lens model fit to a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00839-00168536-00168766 microlensing event and try to identify
+rZLeKZokbgk-00840-00168767-00169047 events in real time that that look
+rZLeKZokbgk-00841-00169048-00169190 achromatic and have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00842-00169191-00169519 the characteristic rise scale for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00843-00169520-00169871 lenses and so these are very generic
+rZLeKZokbgk-00844-00169872-00170126 it's very efficient uh python code
+rZLeKZokbgk-00845-00170127-00170183 that's run
+rZLeKZokbgk-00846-00170184-00170511 in parallel uh currently on a cluster at
+rZLeKZokbgk-00847-00170512-00170687 the university of arizona but we're
+rZLeKZokbgk-00848-00170688-00170902 shifting all of this infrastructure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00849-00170903-00171175 very quickly to google's own cloud
+rZLeKZokbgk-00850-00171176-00171366 platform
+rZLeKZokbgk-00851-00171367-00171678 uh so i've shown you for example uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00852-00171679-00172023 how to create your filters how to uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00853-00172024-00172247 create a watchlist how to if you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-00854-00172248-00172423 your own catalogs we can also
+rZLeKZokbgk-00855-00172424-00172654 uh add them for example so you can see
+rZLeKZokbgk-00856-00172655-00172831 all of our current catalog holdings here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00857-00172832-00172951 and antares
+rZLeKZokbgk-00858-00172952-00173166 uh along with example alerts for every
+rZLeKZokbgk-00859-00173167-00173311 single one of these things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00860-00173312-00173551 uh you don't have to look through all of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00861-00173552-00173702 this right now but there's just a whole
+rZLeKZokbgk-00862-00173703-00173799 lot to see
+rZLeKZokbgk-00863-00173800-00174071 but of course that's not good enough for
+rZLeKZokbgk-00864-00174072-00174151 some folks
+rZLeKZokbgk-00865-00174152-00174390 you might want to do a little bit more
+rZLeKZokbgk-00866-00174391-00174559 even so you might want to build
+rZLeKZokbgk-00867-00174560-00174847 your own real-time pipeline around this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00868-00174848-00175007 thing and not be going to websites in
+rZLeKZokbgk-00869-00175008-00175143 your browser to see
+rZLeKZokbgk-00870-00175144-00175399 so there's a python client that lets you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00871-00175400-00175511 do everything that you can do on a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00872-00175512-00175575 website
+rZLeKZokbgk-00873-00175576-00175871 but now programmatically with an api uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00874-00175872-00176038 on your own computer so this means that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00875-00176039-00176119 you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00876-00176120-00176302 for example do all of the things i i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00877-00176303-00176502 showed you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00878-00176503-00176702 find interesting events in a large
+rZLeKZokbgk-00879-00176703-00176823 stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-00880-00176824-00177063 run python code on them to identify
+rZLeKZokbgk-00881-00177064-00177159 particularly
+rZLeKZokbgk-00882-00177160-00177454 uh outlying objects but you can now also
+rZLeKZokbgk-00883-00177455-00177575 connect it up
+rZLeKZokbgk-00884-00177576-00177790 with a broader ecosystem so i'm going to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00885-00177791-00177999 quickly stop sharing here and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00886-00178000-00178143 go back to my slides and show you what i
+rZLeKZokbgk-00887-00178144-00178726 mean by that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00888-00178727-00179283 so let's come down to roughly around
+rZLeKZokbgk-00889-00179284-00179583 here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00890-00179584-00179838 so the api lets you query everything you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00891-00179839-00179975 would have gotten from the website but
+rZLeKZokbgk-00892-00179976-00180183 now in a python client for example any
+rZLeKZokbgk-00893-00180184-00180359 of the local lookups
+rZLeKZokbgk-00894-00180360-00180551 that i did through the browser you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00895-00180552-00180783 now do in a jupyter notebook
+rZLeKZokbgk-00896-00180784-00181014 for example with some ra and deck with
+rZLeKZokbgk-00897-00181015-00181111 some uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-00898-00181112-00181343 cone search radius that you like you'll
+rZLeKZokbgk-00899-00181344-00181502 get a whole bunch of objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-00900-00181503-00181663 and that of course lets you do things
+rZLeKZokbgk-00901-00181664-00181887 like look at an ensemble of sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00902-00181888-00182111 all at once rather than one by one on a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00903-00182112-00182319 web page if you want to for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-00904-00182320-00182366 create a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00905-00182367-00182614 color magnitude diagram you can do that
+rZLeKZokbgk-00906-00182615-00182807 you can find outlying sources that are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00907-00182808-00183038 non-stellar and you can get a whole
+rZLeKZokbgk-00908-00183039-00183143 bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00909-00183144-00183359 real objects from this real-time stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-00910-00183360-00183654 that match your criteria
+rZLeKZokbgk-00911-00183655-00183887 without having waited for a year for a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00912-00183888-00184143 database this is a really powerful thing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00913-00184144-00184319 this example notebook there's a link to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00914-00184320-00184543 that notebook right here
+rZLeKZokbgk-00915-00184544-00184735 so you can go around and play with it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00916-00184736-00184911 and use to identify your own variable
+rZLeKZokbgk-00917-00184912-00185038 sources and of course i'm
+rZLeKZokbgk-00918-00185039-00185254 this example is done for variable stars
+rZLeKZokbgk-00919-00185255-00185383 but you could do this for any other
+rZLeKZokbgk-00920-00185384-00185478 source that you might like
+rZLeKZokbgk-00921-00185479-00185766 for example changing look agn uh if
+rZLeKZokbgk-00922-00185767-00185935 that's your interest or
+rZLeKZokbgk-00923-00185936-00186238 sources uh like quasars or
+rZLeKZokbgk-00924-00186239-00186399 lens systems where you know where the
+rZLeKZokbgk-00925-00186400-00186566 locations of each other multiple images
+rZLeKZokbgk-00926-00186567-00186638 are
+rZLeKZokbgk-00927-00186639-00186871 uh there's anything that you can imagine
+rZLeKZokbgk-00928-00186872-00187054 basically and can write in python you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00929-00187055-00187111 can improve
+rZLeKZokbgk-00930-00187112-00187454 quite easily you can also have queries
+rZLeKZokbgk-00931-00187455-00187663 that are just pure sql
+rZLeKZokbgk-00932-00187664-00187863 and uh done against our database this is
+rZLeKZokbgk-00933-00187864-00188023 actually how this was implemented
+rZLeKZokbgk-00934-00188024-00188366 uh and uh return uh those matches
+rZLeKZokbgk-00935-00188367-00188487 instead of using the filters and
+rZLeKZokbgk-00936-00188488-00188550 anything
+rZLeKZokbgk-00937-00188551-00188702 so this is very much a combination of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00938-00188703-00188887 what was possible with things like cast
+rZLeKZokbgk-00939-00188888-00188950 jobs
+rZLeKZokbgk-00940-00188951-00189095 but an evolution of that into these
+rZLeKZokbgk-00941-00189096-00189407 real-time systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-00942-00189408-00189735 uh and the real nifty trick is when you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00943-00189736-00190078 go beyond just hey i'm analyzing sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00944-00190079-00190231 and finding interesting objects but you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00945-00190232-00190471 decide to do something with resources
+rZLeKZokbgk-00946-00190472-00190750 you decide to do follow-up so you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-00947-00190751-00190854 convince attack to give you some
+rZLeKZokbgk-00948-00190855-00190983 telescope time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00949-00190984-00191223 uh with whatever resource you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00950-00191224-00191390 particularly like maybe
+rZLeKZokbgk-00951-00191391-00191631 swift or whatever else and you can find
+rZLeKZokbgk-00952-00191632-00191726 an object of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00953-00191727-00191990 interest in the stream and this facility
+rZLeKZokbgk-00954-00191991-00192135 is connected up with something like a
+rZLeKZokbgk-00955-00192136-00192343 telescope observatory management system
+rZLeKZokbgk-00956-00192344-00192495 then you can create a follow-up
+rZLeKZokbgk-00957-00192496-00192678 observation request completely
+rZLeKZokbgk-00958-00192679-00192807 programmatically
+rZLeKZokbgk-00959-00192808-00193119 uh within antares or within your own
+rZLeKZokbgk-00960-00193120-00193199 notebook
+rZLeKZokbgk-00961-00193200-00193526 using the api client to query antennas
+rZLeKZokbgk-00962-00193527-00193671 you can run it through your exposure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00963-00193672-00193831 time calculator and set the exposure
+rZLeKZokbgk-00964-00193832-00193926 time the right way
+rZLeKZokbgk-00965-00193927-00194087 and then you can submit that observation
+rZLeKZokbgk-00966-00194088-00194263 request and there's an entire way to do
+rZLeKZokbgk-00967-00194264-00194343 that with this
+rZLeKZokbgk-00968-00194344-00194599 this a on dom system that currently
+rZLeKZokbgk-00969-00194600-00194823 exists and supports gemini as well as
+rZLeKZokbgk-00970-00194824-00195095 the last compass observatory facilities
+rZLeKZokbgk-00971-00195096-00195383 and sure enough for that particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-00972-00195384-00195511 object you can submit
+rZLeKZokbgk-00973-00195512-00195790 your honest to goodness uh request to
+rZLeKZokbgk-00974-00195791-00195847 observe it
+rZLeKZokbgk-00975-00195848-00196047 on the observing portal that you get
+rZLeKZokbgk-00976-00196048-00196199 from lco
+rZLeKZokbgk-00977-00196200-00196366 and it will go off and trigger one of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00978-00196367-00196487 their facilities like say signing
+rZLeKZokbgk-00979-00196488-00196695 springs or whatever and get you an image
+rZLeKZokbgk-00980-00196696-00196943 all in real time no human in the loop
+rZLeKZokbgk-00981-00196944-00197038 potentially
+rZLeKZokbgk-00982-00197039-00197231 uh you don't have to have people vetting
+rZLeKZokbgk-00983-00197232-00197366 each of these requests you can simply
+rZLeKZokbgk-00984-00197367-00197454 define
+rZLeKZokbgk-00985-00197455-00197623 a strong enough pressure uh trigger
+rZLeKZokbgk-00986-00197624-00197887 criterion that you have this observation
+rZLeKZokbgk-00987-00197888-00198054 follow automatically when your filter
+rZLeKZokbgk-00988-00198055-00198271 triggers all in real time
+rZLeKZokbgk-00989-00198272-00198431 that's cool and that's a good way to try
+rZLeKZokbgk-00990-00198432-00198590 to deal with a deluxe stream when you
+rZLeKZokbgk-00991-00198591-00198750 have 10 million birds every single night
+rZLeKZokbgk-00992-00198751-00198807 because
+rZLeKZokbgk-00993-00198808-00198950 you could put all of the grad students
+rZLeKZokbgk-00994-00198951-00199087 you have to try to find interesting
+rZLeKZokbgk-00995-00199088-00199166 objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-00996-00199167-00199399 and they won't be consistent and cannot
+rZLeKZokbgk-00997-00199400-00199535 possibly sustain that level of
+rZLeKZokbgk-00998-00199536-00199766 effort for 10 years of ssd in any case
+rZLeKZokbgk-00999-00199767-00199990 so you'll have to sort of move to this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01000-00199991-00200087 environment
+rZLeKZokbgk-01001-00200088-00200231 and you can see how this is really
+rZLeKZokbgk-01002-00200232-00200383 really powerful for multimedia
+rZLeKZokbgk-01003-00200384-00200487 astrophysics
+rZLeKZokbgk-01004-00200488-00200702 if we had had this sort of thing back in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01005-00200703-00200831 2017
+rZLeKZokbgk-01006-00200832-00201071 instead of waiting four and a half hours
+rZLeKZokbgk-01007-00201072-00201150 uh to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01008-00201151-00201414 trigger on gw170817 we could have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01009-00201415-00201702 potentially done it within minutes
+rZLeKZokbgk-01010-00201703-00201847 so there's all sorts of science use
+rZLeKZokbgk-01011-00201848-00202095 cases that this sort of uh specifies i
+rZLeKZokbgk-01012-00202096-00202223 for example a particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-01013-00202224-00202478 technology cosmology now i don't need
+rZLeKZokbgk-01014-00202479-00202575 spectroscopy for
+rZLeKZokbgk-01015-00202576-00202847 all of those objects but i can get a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01016-00202848-00202990 targeted spectroscopy for
+rZLeKZokbgk-01017-00202991-00203278 a few that for example fit uh particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-01018-00203279-00203438 constraints so maybe they have really
+rZLeKZokbgk-01019-00203439-00203575 they were discovered really early or
+rZLeKZokbgk-01020-00203576-00203678 maybe they're in a particular
+rZLeKZokbgk-01021-00203679-00203878 shift range or maybe i want a random
+rZLeKZokbgk-01022-00203879-00204111 sample to assess my selection bias
+rZLeKZokbgk-01023-00204112-00204278 and so this is the sort of transitions
+rZLeKZokbgk-01024-00204279-00204463 on demand science case that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01025-00204464-00204766 matches up with that and because we did
+rZLeKZokbgk-01026-00204767-00204934 this entire connection up with the term
+rZLeKZokbgk-01027-00204935-00205031 systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-01028-00205032-00205246 and can trigger real-time sources you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01029-00205248-00205398 can for example find an entertaining
+rZLeKZokbgk-01030-00205400-00205575 source within cta data you can set it
+rZLeKZokbgk-01031-00205576-00205758 out in your own cta alert stream to one
+rZLeKZokbgk-01032-00205759-00205862 of these brokers
+rZLeKZokbgk-01033-00205863-00206006 you can use the entirety's client to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01034-00206007-00206182 query anything associated with it
+rZLeKZokbgk-01035-00206183-00206431 you could report it to dns automatically
+rZLeKZokbgk-01036-00206432-00206510 and then
+rZLeKZokbgk-01037-00206511-00206686 shut your follow-up like i showed you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01038-00206687-00206814 and the assistant science fiction we're
+rZLeKZokbgk-01039-00206815-00206958 doing this right now so this was all
+rZLeKZokbgk-01040-00206959-00207166 done by a grad student patrick leo along
+rZLeKZokbgk-01041-00207167-00207206 with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01042-00207207-00207375 a poster consumption are working with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01043-00207376-00207566 chinchilly this is one of the objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-01044-00207567-00207671 that we have submitted to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01045-00207671-00207879 dns completely automatically so
+rZLeKZokbgk-01046-00207880-00208086 patrick's anomaly detection filter code
+rZLeKZokbgk-01047-00208087-00208319 said that this looks like a supernova
+rZLeKZokbgk-01048-00208319-00208558 and flagged it it was reported to dns
+rZLeKZokbgk-01049-00208559-00208710 completely automatically no humor in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01050-00208711-00208798 loop
+rZLeKZokbgk-01051-00208800-00208975 and then we went off and got a spectra
+rZLeKZokbgk-01052-00208976-00209142 of it right after that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01053-00209144-00209319 and with that and you can see that this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01054-00209319-00209614 is a regular type 1a supernova
+rZLeKZokbgk-01055-00209615-00209775 so this is cool and it's not science
+rZLeKZokbgk-01056-00209776-00210015 fiction anymore we can do this stuff
+rZLeKZokbgk-01057-00210016-00210287 and it's happening more and more often
+rZLeKZokbgk-01058-00210288-00210342 i'd say
+rZLeKZokbgk-01059-00210344-00210591 all of these systems are still under
+rZLeKZokbgk-01060-00210592-00210655 development
+rZLeKZokbgk-01061-00210656-00210791 and there are changes happening but it's
+rZLeKZokbgk-01062-00210792-00210975 a really good time to engage and get
+rZLeKZokbgk-01063-00210976-00211142 involved in it because they will evolve
+rZLeKZokbgk-01064-00211144-00211294 and become more and more sophisticated
+rZLeKZokbgk-01065-00211296-00211439 going forward
+rZLeKZokbgk-01066-00211440-00211751 and that really enables you to write not
+rZLeKZokbgk-01067-00211752-00211831 just
+rZLeKZokbgk-01068-00211832-00212023 stronger science papers but more
+rZLeKZokbgk-01069-00212023-00212239 interesting science proposals to say
+rZLeKZokbgk-01070-00212240-00212471 funding agencies or telescope proposals
+rZLeKZokbgk-01071-00212471-00212615 to try to convince
+rZLeKZokbgk-01072-00212616-00212855 groups to give you time to do the sort
+rZLeKZokbgk-01073-00212856-00213119 of coordinated follow-up with cta
+rZLeKZokbgk-01074-00213119-00213334 together with ruben as wiki or any of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01075-00213335-00213527 the other facilities all at once
+rZLeKZokbgk-01076-00213528-00213655 so it's a really really interesting
+rZLeKZokbgk-01077-00213656-00213894 future that we have going for
+rZLeKZokbgk-01078-00213896-00214063 so that sort of brings me to how cta can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01079-00214064-00214287 start to engage already now
+rZLeKZokbgk-01080-00214288-00214551 you folks are in the middle of survey
+rZLeKZokbgk-01081-00214552-00214703 planning and designing
+rZLeKZokbgk-01082-00214704-00214887 but you must already have a catalog of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01083-00214888-00215039 sources that you can start
+rZLeKZokbgk-01084-00215040-00215239 uh monitoring in other wave bands in the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01085-00215240-00215375 optical for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-01086-00215376-00215534 or if anything interesting happens in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01087-00215535-00215751 say ice cube or something of that nature
+rZLeKZokbgk-01088-00215752-00216046 so for example when i was a guest i'd go
+rZLeKZokbgk-01089-00216048-00216103 down
+rZLeKZokbgk-01090-00216104-00216367 hopkins uh all the time and take selfies
+rZLeKZokbgk-01091-00216367-00216455 with myself with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01092-00216456-00216734 the veritas observatories and ripple uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01093-00216735-00216782 and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01094-00216783-00216951 i'm sure those things have given you a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01095-00216952-00217087 really good catalog resources that you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01096-00217088-00217255 can already upload for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-01097-00217256-00217510 to antares and start monitoring and sort
+rZLeKZokbgk-01098-00217511-00217719 of pathfinder facilities that are also
+rZLeKZokbgk-01099-00217719-00217975 at wiffle are already a great source of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01100-00217976-00218191 alerts for testing you don't have to go
+rZLeKZokbgk-01101-00218192-00218423 to millions of words every night you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01102-00218423-00218575 deal with just a few
+rZLeKZokbgk-01103-00218576-00218919 and so if the cta group wants to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01104-00218919-00219079 get into this sort of real-time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01105-00219080-00219358 connecting a pathfinder telescope
+rZLeKZokbgk-01106-00219359-00219639 with a broker system please reach out to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01107-00219640-00219806 us we will be happy to work with you to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01108-00219807-00219958 sort of publish your alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-01109-00219959-00220134 and we can even put little riders on
+rZLeKZokbgk-01110-00220135-00220294 them in the community and say
+rZLeKZokbgk-01111-00220296-00220503 you know we're still in test phase so
+rZLeKZokbgk-01112-00220504-00220663 don't uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01113-00220664-00220998 necessarily go off and worry if you uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01114-00221000-00221127 think you might have suddenly identified
+rZLeKZokbgk-01115-00221128-00221358 the galactic supernova or whatever
+rZLeKZokbgk-01116-00221359-00221606 there are caveats here that's all
+rZLeKZokbgk-01117-00221607-00221791 already doable
+rZLeKZokbgk-01118-00221792-00221958 and all the science use cases you folks
+rZLeKZokbgk-01119-00221959-00222151 are defining
+rZLeKZokbgk-01120-00222152-00222351 implicitly define the kind of sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01121-00222352-00222494 that you're trying to find
+rZLeKZokbgk-01122-00222496-00222767 and you can implement these sources as
+rZLeKZokbgk-01123-00222767-00222871 filters
+rZLeKZokbgk-01124-00222871-00223015 and we can help you develop them there's
+rZLeKZokbgk-01125-00223016-00223215 already this dev kit that i showed you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01126-00223216-00223375 and the ability to run your own python
+rZLeKZokbgk-01127-00223376-00223606 code or watch lists or whatever else
+rZLeKZokbgk-01128-00223607-00223791 but you don't have to worry if the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01129-00223792-00223998 learning curve there seems too steep
+rZLeKZokbgk-01130-00224000-00224151 just get in touch with us we have a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01131-00224152-00224319 slack space we're very very friendly we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01132-00224319-00224471 will happily work with you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01133-00224471-00224758 and implement what uh we think you need
+rZLeKZokbgk-01134-00224759-00224879 talking with you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01135-00224880-00225175 uh and so there is a real way for this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01136-00225176-00225294 group to sort of engage
+rZLeKZokbgk-01137-00225296-00225527 already with what's happening in these
+rZLeKZokbgk-01138-00225528-00225655 other wave bands
+rZLeKZokbgk-01139-00225656-00225879 and really have cta become part of this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01140-00225880-00226119 entire cyber ecosystem
+rZLeKZokbgk-01141-00226119-00226615 for time domain science going forward
+rZLeKZokbgk-01142-00226616-00226751 but i think there's actually even more
+rZLeKZokbgk-01143-00226752-00226894 that you can do with these focus systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-01144-00226896-00227023 and that's to optimize the server that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01145-00227023-00227127 you're already
+rZLeKZokbgk-01146-00227128-00227382 planning and running so we've known for
+rZLeKZokbgk-01147-00227383-00227527 a while for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-01148-00227528-00227710 that you can use machine learning to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01149-00227711-00227855 separate out variables and transient
+rZLeKZokbgk-01150-00227856-00227991 sources so this was a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01151-00227992-00228142 interactive demo that was developed by
+rZLeKZokbgk-01152-00228144-00228358 carlos scheidegger and myself
+rZLeKZokbgk-01153-00228359-00228623 when i was at noaa lab and what you're
+rZLeKZokbgk-01154-00228623-00228751 seeing here are the two principal
+rZLeKZokbgk-01155-00228752-00228887 components for a whole bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01156-00228888-00229055 variables in the linear and oval
+rZLeKZokbgk-01157-00229056-00229206 catalogs and so as i'm moving around my
+rZLeKZokbgk-01158-00229207-00229246 mouse
+rZLeKZokbgk-01159-00229248-00229439 you're seeing different variable stars
+rZLeKZokbgk-01160-00229440-00229551 and the same sort of thing that you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01161-00229552-00229671 get in that area is if you click on a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01162-00229671-00229782 particular object you can get the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01163-00229783-00229910 post-it stamp as well as all of the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01164-00229911-00229975 other
+rZLeKZokbgk-01165-00229976-00230206 information on there uh but what's
+rZLeKZokbgk-01166-00230207-00230319 particularly interesting
+rZLeKZokbgk-01167-00230319-00230527 for us was that even in two dimensions
+rZLeKZokbgk-01168-00230528-00230671 as long as you have the full
+rZLeKZokbgk-01169-00230671-00230831 like i'm only looking at two pca
+rZLeKZokbgk-01170-00230832-00231031 dimensions here you can see typical
+rZLeKZokbgk-01171-00231032-00231206 classes of objects start to differ from
+rZLeKZokbgk-01172-00231207-00231271 each other
+rZLeKZokbgk-01173-00231271-00231446 so rr lyrae for example look very very
+rZLeKZokbgk-01174-00231448-00231655 different from alcohols and they really
+rZLeKZokbgk-01175-00231656-00231806 have different light curve shapes and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01176-00231807-00231998 those features
+rZLeKZokbgk-01177-00232000-00232142 put them in a different part of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01178-00232144-00232382 principle component access space
+rZLeKZokbgk-01179-00232383-00232534 you can also use this sort of technology
+rZLeKZokbgk-01180-00232535-00232703 to say identify
+rZLeKZokbgk-01181-00232704-00232934 outliers and see if anomalous objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-01182-00232935-00233071 are very far away
+rZLeKZokbgk-01183-00233071-00233327 and so for a second i'm going to upload
+rZLeKZokbgk-01184-00233328-00233382 a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01185-00233383-00233646 known anomalous object that is uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01186-00233648-00233823 definitely going to be far away from the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01187-00233823-00233991 sample and sure enough it falls
+rZLeKZokbgk-01188-00233992-00234182 reasonably far away
+rZLeKZokbgk-01189-00234183-00234406 and so on and so forth so we knew that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01190-00234407-00234542 machine learning if you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01191-00234544-00234734 all of the data on a particular source
+rZLeKZokbgk-01192-00234735-00235046 can be used to separate things out
+rZLeKZokbgk-01193-00235048-00235310 but how do you actually use that to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01194-00235311-00235455 decide design
+rZLeKZokbgk-01195-00235456-00235663 your survey and make it better and use
+rZLeKZokbgk-01196-00235664-00235815 machine learning in real time as part of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01197-00235816-00235982 these broker systems
+rZLeKZokbgk-01198-00235983-00236167 our answer within driven was to do
+rZLeKZokbgk-01199-00236167-00236375 something called the photometric lsst
+rZLeKZokbgk-01200-00236376-00236575 astronomical time series classification
+rZLeKZokbgk-01201-00236576-00236775 challenge or plastic
+rZLeKZokbgk-01202-00236776-00237031 so plastic ran uh a couple of years ago
+rZLeKZokbgk-01203-00237032-00237206 on the cattle platform
+rZLeKZokbgk-01204-00237207-00237542 it is student the biggest uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01205-00237544-00237742 astronomy data challenge that's ever
+rZLeKZokbgk-01206-00237744-00237919 been run on title which is
+rZLeKZokbgk-01207-00237919-00238142 operated by google so we had twenty five
+rZLeKZokbgk-01208-00238144-00238223 thousand dollars in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01209-00238223-00238503 uh prize money for the general public to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01210-00238504-00238623 get engaged
+rZLeKZokbgk-01211-00238623-00238806 and do a photometric classification of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01212-00238807-00238951 the time domain sky
+rZLeKZokbgk-01213-00238952-00239279 using simulated lssd alerts uh that we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01214-00239280-00239367 created
+rZLeKZokbgk-01215-00239367-00239503 uh except they were in the form of full
+rZLeKZokbgk-01216-00239504-00239710 light curves we had we made this as
+rZLeKZokbgk-01217-00239711-00239879 reasonably realistic as we could
+rZLeKZokbgk-01218-00239880-00240046 different kinds of time domain sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01219-00240048-00240198 things like tidal disruption events and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01220-00240200-00240342 hem dwarfs and supernovae different
+rZLeKZokbgk-01221-00240344-00240430 kinds
+rZLeKZokbgk-01222-00240431-00240694 uh minor variables whatever else have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01223-00240696-00240775 you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01224-00240776-00240975 uh and we simulated something like three
+rZLeKZokbgk-01225-00240976-00241094 million uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01226-00241096-00241382 vro light curves and ugly and we really
+rZLeKZokbgk-01227-00241383-00241527 wanted to jump start
+rZLeKZokbgk-01228-00241528-00241751 uh photometric classification efforts
+rZLeKZokbgk-01229-00241752-00241863 and in that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01230-00241864-00242206 respect this plastic effort has been
+rZLeKZokbgk-01231-00242207-00242430 tremendously successful we've seen
+rZLeKZokbgk-01232-00242431-00242694 uh for example things that uh do custom
+rZLeKZokbgk-01233-00242696-00242806 process interpolation
+rZLeKZokbgk-01234-00242807-00243046 and and use deep neural networks with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01235-00243048-00243215 these gated recurrent units here by
+rZLeKZokbgk-01236-00243216-00243319 ashley miller
+rZLeKZokbgk-01237-00243319-00243646 to identify uh anomalies objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-01238-00243648-00243815 we've seen general purpose classifiers
+rZLeKZokbgk-01239-00243816-00243982 spread out of them the challenge was
+rZLeKZokbgk-01240-00243983-00244094 actually won by
+rZLeKZokbgk-01241-00244096-00244303 kyle boone who's now uh who was an
+rZLeKZokbgk-01242-00244304-00244534 astronomer and is now a postdoc at the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01243-00244535-00244839 university of washington uh but he got
+rZLeKZokbgk-01244-00244840-00245006 really really lucky and one right at the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01245-00245007-00245079 end
+rZLeKZokbgk-01246-00245080-00245367 and if if our victory conditions have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01247-00245367-00245534 been slightly different
+rZLeKZokbgk-01248-00245535-00245671 an astronomer would not have won this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01249-00245671-00245863 judge a member of the general public
+rZLeKZokbgk-01250-00245864-00245951 would have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01251-00245952-00246263 which is very very cool
+rZLeKZokbgk-01252-00246264-00246406 now if you believe the outcomes from
+rZLeKZokbgk-01253-00246407-00246598 plastic you know if and you care about
+rZLeKZokbgk-01254-00246600-00246855 say killing over discovery uh this was
+rZLeKZokbgk-01255-00246856-00246998 not going to be a problem
+rZLeKZokbgk-01256-00247000-00247310 kilonova were really strongly well
+rZLeKZokbgk-01257-00247311-00247534 identified by pretty much every
+rZLeKZokbgk-01258-00247535-00247815 uh of the major winning entries in cairo
+rZLeKZokbgk-01259-00247816-00247919 all the top three
+rZLeKZokbgk-01260-00247919-00248103 had no trouble separating kilonova out
+rZLeKZokbgk-01261-00248104-00248230 from any of the other classes they had
+rZLeKZokbgk-01262-00248231-00248342 much more trouble
+rZLeKZokbgk-01263-00248344-00248510 classifying regular supernova and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01264-00248511-00248767 distinguishing from each other
+rZLeKZokbgk-01265-00248767-00248958 but what we know is that it will in fact
+rZLeKZokbgk-01266-00248959-00249134 be a problem with lsst
+rZLeKZokbgk-01267-00249135-00249415 and why it isn't a problem in plastic is
+rZLeKZokbgk-01268-00249416-00249527 because of the limitations of the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01269-00249528-00249687 challenge itself
+rZLeKZokbgk-01270-00249688-00249942 so lssd's cadence has this median
+rZLeKZokbgk-01271-00249944-00250167 internet gap of roughly four days across
+rZLeKZokbgk-01272-00250167-00250246 all filters or
+rZLeKZokbgk-01273-00250248-00250519 10 days in a single filter and that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01274-00250519-00250679 means that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01275-00250680-00250806 if you are trying to find something like
+rZLeKZokbgk-01276-00250807-00250982 a killer nerve which it was very rapidly
+rZLeKZokbgk-01277-00250983-00251071 over a few days
+rZLeKZokbgk-01278-00251071-00251358 you'd only get one or two points but the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01279-00251359-00251503 classifier was of course seeing this one
+rZLeKZokbgk-01280-00251504-00251646 or two points and seeing other objects
+rZLeKZokbgk-01281-00251648-00251823 for a whole bunch of other points
+rZLeKZokbgk-01282-00251823-00252015 uh and very quickly identified which
+rZLeKZokbgk-01283-00252016-00252142 things were killing over simply by the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01284-00252144-00252271 pausing of that data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01285-00252271-00252479 so classifiers really only good is what
+rZLeKZokbgk-01286-00252480-00252606 the training data you give them is and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01287-00252607-00252903 what the last notion is
+rZLeKZokbgk-01288-00252904-00253094 if you look at something on antares in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01289-00253096-00253263 the other hand something like this sort
+rZLeKZokbgk-01290-00253264-00253406 of object that i showed you earlier
+rZLeKZokbgk-01291-00253407-00253558 what you get is not the full light curve
+rZLeKZokbgk-01292-00253559-00253791 but rather a slow rise
+rZLeKZokbgk-01293-00253792-00253919 and the thing that tells you that this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01294-00253919-00254094 is a real object is
+rZLeKZokbgk-01295-00254096-00254471 that you have this slow evolving rise
+rZLeKZokbgk-01296-00254471-00254646 over time you don't get all of this at
+rZLeKZokbgk-01297-00254648-00254767 once you see
+rZLeKZokbgk-01298-00254767-00254951 one alone one night getting it brighter
+rZLeKZokbgk-01299-00254952-00255110 next time getting brighter and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01300-00255111-00255287 detection another behind the third night
+rZLeKZokbgk-01301-00255288-00255503 you see it's associated with the galaxy
+rZLeKZokbgk-01302-00255504-00255615 and you want to make all of those
+rZLeKZokbgk-01303-00255616-00255791 connections and use that information for
+rZLeKZokbgk-01304-00255792-00255951 your classification
+rZLeKZokbgk-01305-00255952-00256175 so our goal for plastic version 2 which
+rZLeKZokbgk-01306-00256176-00256310 will happen this year is to connect the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01307-00256311-00256479 lsd science community
+rZLeKZokbgk-01308-00256480-00256630 with the brokers so instead of sending
+rZLeKZokbgk-01309-00256631-00256855 out full light curves as we have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01310-00256856-00257030 what we will do this time is send out
+rZLeKZokbgk-01311-00257031-00257239 alert packets the actual alert stream
+rZLeKZokbgk-01312-00257240-00257503 that you might get from ssd itself
+rZLeKZokbgk-01313-00257504-00257687 and what we'll do is preserve
+rZLeKZokbgk-01314-00257688-00257855 environmental correlations we'll have a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01315-00257856-00257975 representative sample of the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01316-00257976-00258287 alerts for training and the brokers have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01317-00258288-00258494 all the broker teams including anteriors
+rZLeKZokbgk-01318-00258496-00258679 as well as the mercy and merced and some
+rZLeKZokbgk-01319-00258680-00258767 of the other big
+rZLeKZokbgk-01320-00258767-00259039 uh teams like apple will be working with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01321-00259040-00259103 us to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01322-00259104-00259230 process and classify these alerts in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01323-00259231-00259439 real time and we can have many different
+rZLeKZokbgk-01324-00259440-00259767 metrics and so we can have the community
+rZLeKZokbgk-01325-00259767-00260071 involved with lsst science now become
+rZLeKZokbgk-01326-00260071-00260158 part of a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01327-00260159-00260430 verification validation loop within desk
+rZLeKZokbgk-01328-00260431-00260567 to sort of ensure that we have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01329-00260567-00260703 compatibility
+rZLeKZokbgk-01330-00260704-00260934 between these broker systems and the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01331-00260935-00261119 lssc science configurations
+rZLeKZokbgk-01332-00261119-00261334 and this model i think works not just in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01333-00261335-00261551 lsst world it'll work justice fine
+rZLeKZokbgk-01334-00261552-00261958 for cta and so surely folks in cta are
+rZLeKZokbgk-01335-00261959-00262063 doing things like
+rZLeKZokbgk-01336-00262064-00262367 creating simulated uh objects like
+rZLeKZokbgk-01337-00262368-00262558 that they will see in the sky you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01338-00262559-00262734 issue alerts on those simulations
+rZLeKZokbgk-01339-00262735-00262887 themselves through these perfect teams
+rZLeKZokbgk-01340-00262888-00263071 we will happily work with you to do that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01341-00263072-00263206 and see how well the community can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01342-00263207-00263391 actually identify them and that has
+rZLeKZokbgk-01343-00263392-00263510 created all sorts of interesting
+rZLeKZokbgk-01344-00263511-00263703 developments so for example
+rZLeKZokbgk-01345-00263704-00263958 if we uh want to get away from simple
+rZLeKZokbgk-01346-00263959-00264103 like classification where you see the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01347-00264104-00264182 full length of it
+rZLeKZokbgk-01348-00264183-00264391 once you can now see what happens when
+rZLeKZokbgk-01349-00264392-00264527 you have an evolving
+rZLeKZokbgk-01350-00264528-00264734 alert stream of alerts and you see this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01351-00264735-00264903 like the world war time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01352-00264904-00265143 uh i had a grad student uh daniel not
+rZLeKZokbgk-01353-00265144-00265310 the christian who's just got his phd a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01354-00265311-00265415 couple of weeks ago
+rZLeKZokbgk-01355-00265416-00265615 uh work on this and he came up with a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01356-00265616-00265767 system called rapid or real-time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01357-00265768-00265982 automated photometric identification
+rZLeKZokbgk-01358-00265983-00266191 and you can see that as you see more and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01359-00266192-00266423 more alerts from this particular object
+rZLeKZokbgk-01360-00266424-00266591 this classifier this deep neural network
+rZLeKZokbgk-01361-00266592-00266847 which has these get uh recurrent units
+rZLeKZokbgk-01362-00266848-00267167 evolves its classification over time uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01363-00267168-00267310 and says for example that this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01364-00267311-00267534 particular source looks uh more and more
+rZLeKZokbgk-01365-00267535-00267895 like a title disruption
+rZLeKZokbgk-01366-00267896-00268103 we are also figuring out how to do our
+rZLeKZokbgk-01367-00268104-00268303 simulations with hosts
+rZLeKZokbgk-01368-00268304-00268519 so we have the largest library of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01369-00268520-00268806 supernovae and other transients now
+rZLeKZokbgk-01370-00268807-00268975 that we can find the correlations
+rZLeKZokbgk-01371-00268976-00269119 between the host environments of those
+rZLeKZokbgk-01372-00269120-00269263 transients and the sort of transitions
+rZLeKZokbgk-01373-00269264-00269327 that they
+rZLeKZokbgk-01374-00269328-00269671 they host and encode that into our alert
+rZLeKZokbgk-01375-00269672-00269871 simulation so now when you have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01376-00269872-00270215 alerts coming out from uh lssd
+rZLeKZokbgk-01377-00270216-00270406 for this plastic challenge they are not
+rZLeKZokbgk-01378-00270407-00270551 just the light curves of the sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01379-00270552-00270623 themselves
+rZLeKZokbgk-01380-00270624-00270767 but they also have all the host
+rZLeKZokbgk-01381-00270768-00270919 information including a post-its that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01382-00270920-00271006 potentially
+rZLeKZokbgk-01383-00271007-00271182 associated them so you get color you get
+rZLeKZokbgk-01384-00271183-00271367 drain shift you get radial moments
+rZLeKZokbgk-01385-00271368-00271719 cersei indexes uh whatever else have you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01386-00271720-00271815 to go along with it
+rZLeKZokbgk-01387-00271816-00271975 surely house classification it makes
+rZLeKZokbgk-01388-00271976-00272119 this entire process
+rZLeKZokbgk-01389-00272120-00272303 more realistic it gives us a lot more
+rZLeKZokbgk-01390-00272304-00272455 faith than by using machine learning
+rZLeKZokbgk-01391-00272456-00272534 correctly
+rZLeKZokbgk-01392-00272535-00272830 and identifying the rights of sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01393-00272831-00272879 and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01394-00272880-00273082 what we're doing with all of this is now
+rZLeKZokbgk-01395-00273083-00273199 already
+rZLeKZokbgk-01396-00273200-00273527 not just including only lsst data but we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01397-00273528-00273695 are as part of plastic version two
+rZLeKZokbgk-01398-00273696-00273871 simulating data from another survey in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01399-00273872-00274030 this case like over
+rZLeKZokbgk-01400-00274031-00274334 cargo skymaps and so our
+rZLeKZokbgk-01401-00274335-00274606 entire machinery within lsst land is
+rZLeKZokbgk-01402-00274607-00274758 over here but now we have this extra
+rZLeKZokbgk-01403-00274759-00274927 stream coming in in the form of leica
+rZLeKZokbgk-01404-00274928-00274991 alerts
+rZLeKZokbgk-01405-00274992-00275215 which could also just as easily be cta
+rZLeKZokbgk-01406-00275216-00275327 that's a few folks are interested in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01407-00275328-00275415 working with us
+rZLeKZokbgk-01408-00275416-00275575 and these will go to a whole bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01409-00275576-00275806 brokers which will track and classify
+rZLeKZokbgk-01410-00275807-00275919 and do all of the things that i've been
+rZLeKZokbgk-01411-00275920-00276055 talking about in the slide
+rZLeKZokbgk-01412-00276056-00276230 and let you the science community
+rZLeKZokbgk-01413-00276231-00276375 actually see the output
+rZLeKZokbgk-01414-00276376-00276606 see what is useful tune your algorithms
+rZLeKZokbgk-01415-00276607-00276719 appropriately
+rZLeKZokbgk-01416-00276720-00276975 and really engage with the project as a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01417-00276976-00277134 whole
+rZLeKZokbgk-01418-00277135-00277406 and as part of that within my own group
+rZLeKZokbgk-01419-00277407-00277463 i
+rZLeKZokbgk-01420-00277464-00277710 i'm working with postdoc the chatterjee
+rZLeKZokbgk-01421-00277711-00277863 who's an illinois survey science over
+rZLeKZokbgk-01422-00277864-00277919 here
+rZLeKZokbgk-01423-00277920-00278119 and what we figured out is how to modify
+rZLeKZokbgk-01424-00278120-00278319 rapid take not just the night curve but
+rZLeKZokbgk-01425-00278320-00278558 also the entire sky map the simulated
+rZLeKZokbgk-01426-00278559-00278767 sky map from leica virgo kagura
+rZLeKZokbgk-01427-00278768-00278967 and use the sky map as effectively a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01428-00278968-00279303 prior to identify the subset of sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01429-00279304-00279679 in a survey like ctf that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01430-00279680-00279903 are potentially killing over
+rZLeKZokbgk-01431-00279904-00279999 counterparts
+rZLeKZokbgk-01432-00280000-00280223 so the electromagnetic counterparts to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01433-00280224-00280423 these binary neutron star versions
+rZLeKZokbgk-01434-00280424-00280567 and this sort of system works really
+rZLeKZokbgk-01435-00280568-00280758 really well uh we only have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01436-00280759-00281079 one real data set to evaluate it on
+rZLeKZokbgk-01437-00281080-00281375 which is the actual gw170817 data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01438-00281376-00281719 but applying l-sid which is this machine
+rZLeKZokbgk-01439-00281720-00281879 learning codes now do
+rZLeKZokbgk-01440-00281880-00282103 the one real killer know that that we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01441-00282104-00282191 have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01442-00282192-00282358 uh it seems to work perfectly it
+rZLeKZokbgk-01443-00282359-00282591 identifies uh the killer nerve with the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01444-00282592-00282743 sky map and the leica
+rZLeKZokbgk-01445-00282744-00283015 from decam without any trouble so this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01446-00283016-00283175 really means that the next time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01447-00283176-00283558 we go into lego o4 and o5 beyond that
+rZLeKZokbgk-01448-00283559-00283791 we now have the tools to really find the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01449-00283792-00283958 counterpart much more quickly than we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01450-00283959-00284071 were able to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01451-00284072-00284487 for gw sentinel 17. so this sort of uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01452-00284488-00284679 lets me wrap up a little bit and with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01453-00284680-00284847 house i think cta can engage from the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01454-00284848-00284943 last point
+rZLeKZokbgk-01455-00284944-00285095 every survey is creating these large
+rZLeKZokbgk-01456-00285096-00285247 simulations before they turn off what
+rZLeKZokbgk-01457-00285248-00285391 they expect to see into test survey
+rZLeKZokbgk-01458-00285392-00285479 design
+rZLeKZokbgk-01459-00285480-00285639 and this is typically infrastructure
+rZLeKZokbgk-01460-00285640-00285806 work so it's hard to get people to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01461-00285807-00286103 really be part of that but you can
+rZLeKZokbgk-01462-00286104-00286247 engage the community scientifically you
+rZLeKZokbgk-01463-00286248-00286382 just have to do the actual world of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01464-00286383-00286454 taking
+rZLeKZokbgk-01465-00286455-00286639 those simulations and converting them
+rZLeKZokbgk-01466-00286640-00286791 into alerts and sending them out
+rZLeKZokbgk-01467-00286792-00287095 and really that gives you a way
+rZLeKZokbgk-01468-00287096-00287319 to effectively write science papers or
+rZLeKZokbgk-01469-00287320-00287423 what would have otherwise been
+rZLeKZokbgk-01470-00287424-00287599 considered pipeline development
+rZLeKZokbgk-01471-00287600-00287967 to take this this core
+rZLeKZokbgk-01472-00287968-00288223 uh software effort and make it into
+rZLeKZokbgk-01473-00288224-00288334 something that can really be
+rZLeKZokbgk-01474-00288335-00288582 into science papers we are already in
+rZLeKZokbgk-01475-00288583-00288734 classic version 2
+rZLeKZokbgk-01476-00288735-00288943 including lego virgo kagra together with
+rZLeKZokbgk-01477-00288944-00289158 an ssd and for version 3
+rZLeKZokbgk-01478-00289159-00289471 as the the plastic head now i am
+rZLeKZokbgk-01479-00289472-00289806 would be thrilled to have cta data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01480-00289807-00290119 simulated loads for that next date or at
+rZLeKZokbgk-01481-00290120-00290247 least the next version of our data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01482-00290248-00290295 challenge
+rZLeKZokbgk-01483-00290296-00290519 and so we'd love to work with you folks
+rZLeKZokbgk-01484-00290520-00290654 on getting this done
+rZLeKZokbgk-01485-00290655-00290982 so i want to end with a few uh just one
+rZLeKZokbgk-01486-00290983-00291063 other thing
+rZLeKZokbgk-01487-00291064-00291271 uh this this ecosystem is constantly
+rZLeKZokbgk-01488-00291272-00291471 evolving so what i showed you know a
+rZLeKZokbgk-01489-00291472-00291591 real-time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01490-00291592-00291895 analysis of data but
+rZLeKZokbgk-01491-00291896-00292087 you might also want to do sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01492-00292088-00292343 archival reprocessing of data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01493-00292344-00292599 or analysis on a large sample of data
+rZLeKZokbgk-01494-00292600-00292791 and brokers themselves are evolving to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01495-00292792-00292895 sort of make this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01496-00292896-00293087 uh happen they're evolving into what we
+rZLeKZokbgk-01497-00293088-00293230 call research platforms
+rZLeKZokbgk-01498-00293231-00293375 that do all of the things that brokers
+rZLeKZokbgk-01499-00293376-00293543 do but now also give you cloud-based
+rZLeKZokbgk-01500-00293544-00293623 computing
+rZLeKZokbgk-01501-00293624-00293806 so you can re-analyze a whole bunch of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01502-00293807-00293958 data sets you can do your data releases
+rZLeKZokbgk-01503-00293959-00294047 in the cloud
+rZLeKZokbgk-01504-00294048-00294206 and i really think this is where the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01505-00294207-00294391 community is going to be going
+rZLeKZokbgk-01506-00294392-00294510 i don't think we're going to have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01507-00294511-00294767 individual universities or projects from
+rZLeKZokbgk-01508-00294768-00295079 their own little hpc servers
+rZLeKZokbgk-01509-00295080-00295367 hpc centers and do annual databases i
+rZLeKZokbgk-01510-00295368-00295543 think instead what we'll have
+rZLeKZokbgk-01511-00295544-00295854 is ongoing living data releases that are
+rZLeKZokbgk-01512-00295855-00295967 constantly being updated with the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01513-00295968-00296054 real-time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01514-00296055-00296295 analysis that's happening and and it's
+rZLeKZokbgk-01515-00296296-00296430 we're moving away from traditional
+rZLeKZokbgk-01516-00296431-00296527 archives
+rZLeKZokbgk-01517-00296528-00296695 where you can download fixed images to
+rZLeKZokbgk-01518-00296696-00296895 your laptop and do all sorts of analysis
+rZLeKZokbgk-01519-00296896-00297030 to these cloud-based environments where
+rZLeKZokbgk-01520-00297031-00297143 you do all of your analysis and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01521-00297144-00297303 visualization in the cloud
+rZLeKZokbgk-01522-00297304-00297447 these things will all have a good
+rZLeKZokbgk-01523-00297448-00297654 identity and access management layer so
+rZLeKZokbgk-01524-00297655-00297839 you can share data with groups
+rZLeKZokbgk-01525-00297840-00298047 either privately or make it more public
+rZLeKZokbgk-01526-00298048-00298167 all at once
+rZLeKZokbgk-01527-00298168-00298430 and you can have real interfaces not
+rZLeKZokbgk-01528-00298431-00298503 just
+rZLeKZokbgk-01529-00298504-00298806 uh from surveys themselves uh but also
+rZLeKZokbgk-01530-00298807-00298975 between other facilities
+rZLeKZokbgk-01531-00298976-00299230 and so you can have for example follow
+rZLeKZokbgk-01532-00299231-00299382 up with things like
+rZLeKZokbgk-01533-00299383-00299599 swift or the last complex observatories
+rZLeKZokbgk-01534-00299600-00299799 but potentially even the entire amateur
+rZLeKZokbgk-01535-00299800-00300006 astronomy community can now become part
+rZLeKZokbgk-01536-00300007-00300127 of the science that you do so it's
+rZLeKZokbgk-01537-00300128-00300358 really a very cool new world
+rZLeKZokbgk-01538-00300359-00300791 um for what we're trying to do
+rZLeKZokbgk-01539-00300792-00300951 so i'm going to end with a few takeaways
+rZLeKZokbgk-01540-00300952-00301175 so lsst and cta then
+rZLeKZokbgk-01541-00301176-00301327 building on these current generation of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01542-00301328-00301551 services cover many many new sources
+rZLeKZokbgk-01543-00301552-00301734 and i really think that maximizing
+rZLeKZokbgk-01544-00301735-00301839 scientific utility from these
+rZLeKZokbgk-01545-00301840-00301951 experiments
+rZLeKZokbgk-01546-00301952-00302295 requires that we move away from sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01547-00302296-00302479 regular data releases to providing our
+rZLeKZokbgk-01548-00302480-00302654 data in real time
+rZLeKZokbgk-01549-00302655-00302823 so that people can start doing science
+rZLeKZokbgk-01550-00302824-00302982 right away this is particularly crucial
+rZLeKZokbgk-01551-00302983-00303191 if you're working on time domain sites
+rZLeKZokbgk-01552-00303192-00303399 a lot brokers are really a key to the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01553-00303400-00303534 sort of the middleware that give
+rZLeKZokbgk-01554-00303535-00303782 communities ways to search the data and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01555-00303783-00303863 characterize
+rZLeKZokbgk-01556-00303864-00304119 and filter and find follow-up events and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01557-00304120-00304295 they let you use machine learning which
+rZLeKZokbgk-01558-00304296-00304503 is otherwise this very abstract thing
+rZLeKZokbgk-01559-00304504-00304751 uh that seems to be done in the certain
+rZLeKZokbgk-01560-00304752-00304943 papers but otherwise doesn't get used
+rZLeKZokbgk-01561-00304944-00305110 as part of your real-time survey
+rZLeKZokbgk-01562-00305111-00305279 operations
+rZLeKZokbgk-01563-00305280-00305430 and so as cta is building out its
+rZLeKZokbgk-01564-00305431-00305567 pipeline and it's creating these sort of
+rZLeKZokbgk-01565-00305568-00305710 simulations for survey designs and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01566-00305711-00305839 interacting with teams incentive
+rZLeKZokbgk-01567-00305840-00305958 community
+rZLeKZokbgk-01568-00305959-00306191 you can actually engage with this entire
+rZLeKZokbgk-01569-00306192-00306351 ecosystem already
+rZLeKZokbgk-01570-00306352-00306503 you can define sort of interesting
+rZLeKZokbgk-01571-00306504-00306743 questions that spur people to go on and
+rZLeKZokbgk-01572-00306744-00306903 develop filters and machine learning
+rZLeKZokbgk-01573-00306904-00306991 codes
+rZLeKZokbgk-01574-00306992-00307263 for the cta group and do their analysis
+rZLeKZokbgk-01575-00307264-00307358 and i really do think
+rZLeKZokbgk-01576-00307359-00307527 the best science is not going to come
+rZLeKZokbgk-01577-00307528-00307679 from individual surveys
+rZLeKZokbgk-01578-00307680-00307879 acting separately from each other but
+rZLeKZokbgk-01579-00307880-00308006 when they act
+rZLeKZokbgk-01580-00308007-00308310 coherently in concert with each other uh
+rZLeKZokbgk-01581-00308311-00308558 and that will really allow us to do this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01582-00308559-00308727 multimedia astrophysics by combining
+rZLeKZokbgk-01583-00308728-00308830 real-time streams from certain
+rZLeKZokbgk-01584-00308831-00308943 experiments
+rZLeKZokbgk-01585-00308944-00309095 it's very challenging but i think this
+rZLeKZokbgk-01586-00309096-00309263 is a tremendous opportunity for the
+rZLeKZokbgk-01587-00309264-00309358 community
+rZLeKZokbgk-01588-00309359-00309783 and i will end that
+ra801cl5LjM-00000-00000000-00001531 [Music]
+ra801cl5LjM-00001-00001532-00001751 welcome to dealing with materials data
+ra801cl5LjM-00002-00001752-00001855 we are looking at the collection
+ra801cl5LjM-00003-00001857-00002084 analysis and interpretation of data from
+ra801cl5LjM-00004-00002085-00002317 material science and engineering we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00005-00002318-00002498 in the module six which is on case
+ra801cl5LjM-00006-00002499-00002705 studies and this is the fourth case
+ra801cl5LjM-00007-00002706-00003091 study which is undesigned of experiments
+ra801cl5LjM-00008-00003092-00003353 we are going to use this microwave
+ra801cl5LjM-00009-00003354-00003626 plasma process optimization to produce
+ra801cl5LjM-00010-00003627-00003913 nano titania as the example case to
+ra801cl5LjM-00011-00003914-00004220 understand design of experiments here
+ra801cl5LjM-00012-00004221-00004403 the optimization is done through the
+ra801cl5LjM-00013-00004404-00004658 design of experiments and the data and
+ra801cl5LjM-00014-00004659-00004954 the method are described in detail in
+ra801cl5LjM-00015-00004955-00005122 the paper by camera Gannett all
+ra801cl5LjM-00016-00005123-00005351 materials are manufacturing processes
+ra801cl5LjM-00017-00005352-00005741 published in 2011 this paper is about
+ra801cl5LjM-00018-00005742-00005936 synthesis of commercially important
+ra801cl5LjM-00019-00005937-00006140 titania Nana powder from low-cost
+ra801cl5LjM-00020-00006141-00006361 titanium tetrachloride using microwave
+ra801cl5LjM-00021-00006362-00006767 plasma process and what they studied and
+ra801cl5LjM-00022-00006768-00007058 tried to optimize is the parametric
+ra801cl5LjM-00023-00007059-00007270 impact on process parameter of the
+ra801cl5LjM-00024-00007272-00007427 process parameters on conversion
+ra801cl5LjM-00025-00007428-00007619 efficiency and percentage and it is in
+ra801cl5LjM-00026-00007620-00007856 the titanium product so they did the
+ra801cl5LjM-00027-00007856-00008053 design of experiments so that they can
+ra801cl5LjM-00028-00008054-00008264 optimize the parameters to get maximum
+ra801cl5LjM-00029-00008265-00008614 efficiency and best percentage and it is
+ra801cl5LjM-00030-00008615-00009253 in titanium nanopowder so there are lots
+ra801cl5LjM-00031-00009254-00009512 of or libraries to do design of
+ra801cl5LjM-00032-00009513-00009812 experiments do a dot base frf to do a
+ra801cl5LjM-00033-00009813-00010151 dot wrapper and there is also a plugin
+ra801cl5LjM-00034-00010152-00010423 which will allow you to use a GUI to do
+ra801cl5LjM-00035-00010424-00010895 these analysis process Ulrika krumping
+ra801cl5LjM-00036-00010896-00011363 has given lots of material including
+ra801cl5LjM-00037-00011364-00011669 some slides and manuals etcetera and
+ra801cl5LjM-00038-00011670-00012095 there is also a cramp page which is for
+ra801cl5LjM-00039-00012096-00012278 design of experiments and analysis of
+ra801cl5LjM-00040-00012279-00012548 experimental data which is what is shown
+ra801cl5LjM-00041-00012549-00012960 here so it is at the cran art project
+ra801cl5LjM-00042-00012961-00013219 experiment design of experiments page
+ra801cl5LjM-00043-00013219-00013376 there are lots
+ra801cl5LjM-00044-00013377-00013646 of libraries and material that is
+ra801cl5LjM-00045-00013647-00013874 available and what you can do is given
+ra801cl5LjM-00046-00013875-00014216 and they also refer to graham pings work
+ra801cl5LjM-00047-00014216-00014471 and so they have this fractional
+ra801cl5LjM-00048-00014472-00014696 factorial to level design which is very
+ra801cl5LjM-00049-00014697-00014987 comprehensive or package and there are
+ra801cl5LjM-00050-00014988-00015197 other packages also which you can
+ra801cl5LjM-00051-00015197-00015380 explore for doing the design of
+ra801cl5LjM-00052-00015381-00015794 experiments however in this session this
+ra801cl5LjM-00053-00015794-00016157 is not what we are planning to do we
+ra801cl5LjM-00054-00016158-00016424 want to carry out the analysis using
+ra801cl5LjM-00055-00016425-00016661 linear model fitting and ANOVA so we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00056-00016662-00017048 going to do the most direct way possible
+ra801cl5LjM-00057-00017049-00017192 so that you will understand it better
+ra801cl5LjM-00058-00017193-00017567 and we will use this paper by murugan
+ra801cl5LjM-00059-00017568-00017972 nettles to to confirm that our analysis
+ra801cl5LjM-00060-00017973-00018098 is okay and we are getting the same
+ra801cl5LjM-00061-00018099-00018274 results as is reported in this paper
+ra801cl5LjM-00062-00018275-00018506 however it might be a good idea to
+ra801cl5LjM-00063-00018507-00018980 explore this and make some experimental
+ra801cl5LjM-00064-00018981-00019193 design yourself for example the design
+ra801cl5LjM-00065-00019194-00019466 matrix how do you decide and things like
+ra801cl5LjM-00066-00019467-00019850 that so you can use these libraries and
+ra801cl5LjM-00067-00019851-00020305 generate them yourself so the paper has
+ra801cl5LjM-00068-00020306-00020612 replication experiments so two levels
+ra801cl5LjM-00069-00020613-00020897 and two sets of experiments had been
+ra801cl5LjM-00070-00020898-00021158 done and what is reported in the paper
+ra801cl5LjM-00071-00021159-00021383 is lumped data and only the averages are
+ra801cl5LjM-00072-00021384-00021677 reported but we have the raw data
+ra801cl5LjM-00073-00021678-00021899 available to thanks to Prasad Oakley who
+ra801cl5LjM-00074-00021900-00022079 is one of the co-authors and so we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00075-00022080-00022340 going to use the raw data and I'm going
+ra801cl5LjM-00076-00022341-00022601 to share that raw date also with you so
+ra801cl5LjM-00077-00022602-00022856 you can do the analysis on the data and
+ra801cl5LjM-00078-00022857-00023018 confirm that the results that are
+ra801cl5LjM-00079-00023019-00023192 reported in the paper is what we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00080-00023193-00023444 getting and I am NOT going to reproduce
+ra801cl5LjM-00081-00023445-00023627 all the results I'm going to leave some
+ra801cl5LjM-00082-00023628-00023990 of them out so that you can try and do
+ra801cl5LjM-00083-00023991-00024203 it yourself it might take a bit of
+ra801cl5LjM-00084-00024204-00024392 effort and a little bit of reading and
+ra801cl5LjM-00085-00024393-00024650 also some amount of practicing with our
+ra801cl5LjM-00086-00024651-00024914 and thinking about what the quantities
+ra801cl5LjM-00087-00024915-00025076 are and how they are calculated and so
+ra801cl5LjM-00088-00025077-00025241 on but you have been taught design of
+ra801cl5LjM-00089-00025242-00025385 experiments in the other part of the
+ra801cl5LjM-00090-00025386-00025627 course and so you should be able to take
+ra801cl5LjM-00091-00025629-00025993 all that knowledge and use art to solve
+ra801cl5LjM-00092-00025994-00026302 whatever is left out but in principle
+ra801cl5LjM-00093-00026304-00026474 you should be able to reproduce all the
+ra801cl5LjM-00094-00026475-00026570 results in
+ra801cl5LjM-00095-00026572-00026904 papers using the lecture that you have
+ra801cl5LjM-00096-00026905-00027147 heard on design of experiments and the
+ra801cl5LjM-00097-00027148-00027395 code and the data that I will to share
+ra801cl5LjM-00098-00027397-00028151 with you so let's do this we will use
+ra801cl5LjM-00099-00028152-00028605 I'm also going to keep this paper handy
+ra801cl5LjM-00100-00028606-00028920 so this is the paper by murugan it all
+ra801cl5LjM-00101-00028920-00029157 so this is about microwave plasma
+ra801cl5LjM-00102-00029158-00029370 processes optimization to produce nano
+ra801cl5LjM-00103-00029370-00029558 titania through design of experiments
+ra801cl5LjM-00104-00029560-00029895 and it also has some interesting
+ra801cl5LjM-00105-00029895-00030542 conclusions which is worth going through
+ra801cl5LjM-00106-00030543-00031320 and and and we our aim is to actually
+ra801cl5LjM-00107-00031320-00031773 take the data and produce the results by
+ra801cl5LjM-00108-00031774-00032031 results we mean that this table of
+ra801cl5LjM-00109-00032032-00032388 coefficients and this analyst is a
+ra801cl5LjM-00110-00032389-00032637 variant stable for example and these
+ra801cl5LjM-00111-00032638-00033090 figures write residuals figures mmm and
+ra801cl5LjM-00112-00033091-00033282 and so on so you should be able to
+ra801cl5LjM-00113-00033283-00033530 produce this normal probability plot and
+ra801cl5LjM-00114-00033531-00033900 the table of means plots they might
+ra801cl5LjM-00115-00033901-00034128 involve some effort but that will help
+ra801cl5LjM-00116-00034129-00034434 you understand the methodology as well
+ra801cl5LjM-00117-00034435-00034677 as our programming better so I'm going
+ra801cl5LjM-00118-00034678-00035228 to do for one so there are two exercises
+ra801cl5LjM-00119-00035229-00035481 they are repetitions of the same
+ra801cl5LjM-00120-00035482-00035921 exercise but one is done for percentage
+ra801cl5LjM-00121-00035922-00036135 efficiency the other one is done for and
+ra801cl5LjM-00122-00036136-00036504 it is a percentage so let's do this so
+ra801cl5LjM-00123-00036505-00036995 we are going to reproduce using our okay
+ra801cl5LjM-00124-00036996-00037683 so I am going to take so the first step
+ra801cl5LjM-00125-00037684-00038143 is to read the data
+ra801cl5LjM-00126-00038144-00038633 so let us do that so we want to read
+ra801cl5LjM-00127-00038634-00039104 this data and and we the what the paper
+ra801cl5LjM-00128-00039105-00039804 reports is only the so this is the
+ra801cl5LjM-00129-00039805-00040049 design matrix and this is what is shown
+ra801cl5LjM-00130-00040050-00040244 in coded form in the data that I will
+ra801cl5LjM-00131-00040245-00041852 show you and and the data on efficiency
+ra801cl5LjM-00132-00041853-00042086 and percentage Anytus is needed that is
+ra801cl5LjM-00133-00042087-00042533 not here so I am going to show you the
+ra801cl5LjM-00134-00042534-00044274 data
+ra801cl5LjM-00135-00044275-00044520 so this might be familiar to you from
+ra801cl5LjM-00136-00044521-00044697 the presentation and in the presentation
+ra801cl5LjM-00137-00044698-00044982 what was shown for these two is the
+ra801cl5LjM-00138-00044983-00045201 average of efficiency in Donatists
+ra801cl5LjM-00139-00045202-00045717 of 16 experiments but here we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00140-00045718-00046017 showing you the full data so I'm going
+ra801cl5LjM-00141-00046018-00046515 to show 432 experiments and so the first
+ra801cl5LjM-00142-00046516-00046725 16 and the next 16 is basically
+ra801cl5LjM-00143-00046726-00047085 repetition of the first 16 okay and in
+ra801cl5LjM-00144-00047086-00047616 each case what is the percentage anatase
+ra801cl5LjM-00145-00047617-00047784 obtained and efficiency percentage is
+ra801cl5LjM-00146-00047785-00047964 what is given so this is the data that
+ra801cl5LjM-00147-00047965-00048174 we are going to use so the first step is
+ra801cl5LjM-00148-00048175-00048543 to read the data and we know that the
+ra801cl5LjM-00149-00048544-00048975 the different columns of the table give
+ra801cl5LjM-00150-00048976-00049677 you this p FR FR c FR FR r c power ET
+ra801cl5LjM-00151-00049678-00049905 etcetera so i'm going to use the same
+ra801cl5LjM-00152-00049906-00050067 symbols because these were the ones that
+ra801cl5LjM-00153-00050068-00050244 are used in the paper so i am going to
+ra801cl5LjM-00154-00050245-00050442 say second column is p of our third
+ra801cl5LjM-00155-00050443-00050732 column is EF our fourth column is c FR
+ra801cl5LjM-00156-00050733-00050856 etcetera
+ra801cl5LjM-00157-00050857-00051081 and then there are interactions and the
+ra801cl5LjM-00158-00051082-00051360 interactions are between PFR and FR c FR
+ra801cl5LjM-00159-00051361-00051702 FR and a FR with CFR and FR so these
+ra801cl5LjM-00160-00051703-00051905 were the five interactions which were
+ra801cl5LjM-00161-00051907-00052179 decided to be important for this study
+ra801cl5LjM-00162-00052179-00052829 and that is given here in this table
+ra801cl5LjM-00163-00052829-00053286 right so PFR with the FR c FR FR and EF
+ra801cl5LjM-00164-00053287-00053504 r we say FR FR so these were decided to
+ra801cl5LjM-00165-00053505-00053807 be important and these are the other
+ra801cl5LjM-00166-00053808-00054222 seven parameters so 7 plus 5 there are
+ra801cl5LjM-00167-00054223-00054390 12 parameters and the response is
+ra801cl5LjM-00168-00054391-00054546 percentage efficiency in percentage
+ra801cl5LjM-00169-00054547-00054830 analysis which is what is given so once
+ra801cl5LjM-00170-00054832-00055166 we have this so let us read and get this
+ra801cl5LjM-00171-00055167-00055541 data so once we have this data in place
+ra801cl5LjM-00172-00055541-00055935 then we can start our analysis the first
+ra801cl5LjM-00173-00055936-00056250 thing we want to do is that we want to
+ra801cl5LjM-00174-00056251-00056676 do the logit transformation which is
+ra801cl5LjM-00175-00056677-00056904 very important and as you have learnt if
+ra801cl5LjM-00176-00056904-00057086 you don't do in this case you might get
+ra801cl5LjM-00177-00057087-00057317 wrong results like you might get
+ra801cl5LjM-00178-00057319-00057583 percentages which go above 103
+ra801cl5LjM-00179-00057584-00057886 like it so after we do the larger
+ra801cl5LjM-00180-00057887-00058261 transformation we want to fit and we
+ra801cl5LjM-00181-00058262-00058453 want to look at how the fitted
+ra801cl5LjM-00182-00058454-00058762 parameters look like so this is the so
+ra801cl5LjM-00183-00058763-00058998 so I'm saying that that this logit
+ra801cl5LjM-00184-00058999-00059379 efficiency is a function of p FR FR c FR
+ra801cl5LjM-00185-00059380-00059791 FR r CL pw r ET and these v interaction
+ra801cl5LjM-00186-00059791-00060030 parameters and there is a constant that
+ra801cl5LjM-00187-00060032-00060392 will show up anyway so now you can see
+ra801cl5LjM-00188-00060394-00060759 that the fit actually gives you the
+ra801cl5LjM-00189-00060760-00061033 fitted parameters along with their
+ra801cl5LjM-00190-00061034-00061285 standard error and now let's compare
+ra801cl5LjM-00191-00061286-00062067 what we have in the paper okay so here
+ra801cl5LjM-00192-00062069-00062794 is what is there in the paper and you
+ra801cl5LjM-00193-00062795-00063286 can see that this 4 3 7 5 is this and 3
+ra801cl5LjM-00194-00063287-00063934 2 7 2 is here and 8 8 5 4 is here and so
+ra801cl5LjM-00195-00063935-00064276 on so basically this column corresponds
+ra801cl5LjM-00196-00064277-00064672 to the estimate of the parameter and
+ra801cl5LjM-00197-00064673-00064939 this is the standard error so it is 1 0
+ra801cl5LjM-00198-00064940-00065278 0 8 8 which is 1 0 0 9 up to 4 decimal
+ra801cl5LjM-00199-00065279-00065548 places and if you take it up to second
+ra801cl5LjM-00200-00065549-00065863 decimal place the T value is given four
+ra801cl5LjM-00201-00065864-00066064 point three three six minus three point
+ra801cl5LjM-00202-00066065-00066202 two four eight point seven eight
+ra801cl5LjM-00203-00066203-00066474 etcetera and these are the P values and
+ra801cl5LjM-00204-00066475-00066784 in the paper alpha was taken to be point
+ra801cl5LjM-00205-00066785-00066952 zero five so anything less than point
+ra801cl5LjM-00206-00066953-00067132 zero five here was considered to be
+ra801cl5LjM-00207-00067133-00067435 important and the conclusion that was
+ra801cl5LjM-00208-00067436-00067912 drawn was p FR FR FR r CL and the three
+ra801cl5LjM-00209-00067913-00068146 interactions of pfr with the other
+ra801cl5LjM-00210-00068147-00068296 quantities where statistically
+ra801cl5LjM-00211-00068297-00068593 significant and here you can see we have
+ra801cl5LjM-00212-00068594-00068815 the statistical significance mark by
+ra801cl5LjM-00213-00068816-00069079 three stars two stars and one star so
+ra801cl5LjM-00214-00069080-00069286 anything up to one star is point zero
+ra801cl5LjM-00215-00069287-00069589 five so point is actually 0.1 so it's a
+ra801cl5LjM-00216-00069590-00069952 10 percent significance level so the
+ra801cl5LjM-00217-00069953-00070207 other ones so you can see that i1 i2 i3
+ra801cl5LjM-00218-00070208-00070474 which correspond to this p FR FR p FR c
+ra801cl5LjM-00219-00070475-00070738 FR p FR FR are considered to be
+ra801cl5LjM-00220-00070739-00070921 important here also so
+ra801cl5LjM-00221-00070922-00071175 significance code indicates that with
+ra801cl5LjM-00222-00071176-00071376 alpha point zero five these three are
+ra801cl5LjM-00223-00071377-00071653 significant these three are significant
+ra801cl5LjM-00224-00071654-00071830 these two are significant even with
+ra801cl5LjM-00225-00071831-00072172 alpha point zero one so obviously four
+ra801cl5LjM-00226-00072173-00072334 point zero five they are significant so
+ra801cl5LjM-00227-00072335-00072849 that is the RCL and PFR and then with
+ra801cl5LjM-00228-00072850-00073591 0.0 0.6 to F R and the intercept and EF
+ra801cl5LjM-00229-00073592-00073776 R are important so these are these three
+ra801cl5LjM-00230-00073777-00073990 are important and that is what is given
+ra801cl5LjM-00231-00073991-00074197 now so four in four three seven five
+ra801cl5LjM-00232-00074198-00074430 there so that is this quantity plus
+ra801cl5LjM-00233-00074431-00075067 minus 0.32 7/2 PFR that is x1 and minus
+ra801cl5LjM-00234-00075068-00075505 0.85 for AFR right and the next one CFR
+ra801cl5LjM-00235-00075506-00075730 is not significant so x3 is kept and
+ra801cl5LjM-00236-00075731-00075993 then it is x4 which is given for nine
+ra801cl5LjM-00237-00075994-00076413 for three so that is given with x4 and
+ra801cl5LjM-00238-00076414-00076630 then the fifth one our CL is important
+ra801cl5LjM-00239-00076631-00077221 so 2 8 9 1 9 0 x5 is given but x6 is not
+ra801cl5LjM-00240-00077222-00077436 important so we have left it out and
+ra801cl5LjM-00241-00077437-00077923 then 0.25 1 3 X 1 X 2 so 2 5 1 3 X 1 X 2
+ra801cl5LjM-00242-00077924-00078654 2 5 9 0 2 5 8 9 that is X 1 X 3 & 2 to 3
+ra801cl5LjM-00243-00078655-00078973 0 X 1 X 4 so these are the parameters
+ra801cl5LjM-00244-00078974-00079234 which are important so it's the same
+ra801cl5LjM-00245-00079235-00079554 information which is here and same table
+ra801cl5LjM-00246-00079555-00079747 from which same conclusion is being
+ra801cl5LjM-00247-00079748-00080041 drawn of course the next step is to do a
+ra801cl5LjM-00248-00080042-00080511 ANOVA on this linear fitting that we
+ra801cl5LjM-00249-00080512-00083391 have done so let us do that
+ra801cl5LjM-00250-00083392-00083875 so you get these values here and you can
+ra801cl5LjM-00251-00083876-00084127 see that this is partly a reproduction
+ra801cl5LjM-00252-00084128-00084484 of this table which is the next table
+ra801cl5LjM-00253-00084485-00084964 and for example residuals is 6.1 88 so
+ra801cl5LjM-00254-00084965-00085330 that is the information here and they've
+ra801cl5LjM-00255-00085331-00085612 also included the main effects and
+ra801cl5LjM-00256-00085613-00085897 two-way interactions separately with
+ra801cl5LjM-00257-00085898-00086110 some of square so you can do that too
+ra801cl5LjM-00258-00086111-00086512 so here is the command to do that let us
+ra801cl5LjM-00259-00086513-00087684 do
+ra801cl5LjM-00260-00087685-00088104 so this is 40.5 at zero four which is
+ra801cl5LjM-00261-00088105-00088323 the same quantity which is given forty
+ra801cl5LjM-00262-00088324-00088584 point five it's zero and if you go from
+ra801cl5LjM-00263-00088585-00088905 eight to twelve which are the two-way
+ra801cl5LjM-00264-00088906-00089109 interactions you will get seven point
+ra801cl5LjM-00265-00089110-00089514 zero five seven which is the quantity
+ra801cl5LjM-00266-00089515-00089916 that you get here two-way interaction
+ra801cl5LjM-00267-00089917-00090234 seven point zero five seven so basically
+ra801cl5LjM-00268-00090235-00090429 the ANOVA table you can also be
+ra801cl5LjM-00269-00090430-00090636 reproduced and of course we also want to
+ra801cl5LjM-00270-00090637-00090989 reproduce the figures four and five
+ra801cl5LjM-00271-00090990-00091301 which is four scatter plot of
+ra801cl5LjM-00272-00091302-00091704 observation versus residuals of course I
+ra801cl5LjM-00273-00091705-00091896 don't have the data in observation order
+ra801cl5LjM-00274-00091897-00092262 so this will be slightly jumbled up but
+ra801cl5LjM-00275-00092263-00092454 you can look at the presentation where
+ra801cl5LjM-00276-00092455-00092613 the observation order is also available
+ra801cl5LjM-00277-00092614-00092820 so you can get it in that format and
+ra801cl5LjM-00278-00092821-00093114 here is the fitted value versus
+ra801cl5LjM-00279-00093115-00093419 residuals so let's do those two plots
+ra801cl5LjM-00280-00093420-00093861 now they can also be done rather
+ra801cl5LjM-00281-00093862-00094620 straightforward so so this is for
+ra801cl5LjM-00282-00094621-00094878 plotting the residuals so you get the
+ra801cl5LjM-00283-00094879-00095294 plot the other one is for plotting the
+ra801cl5LjM-00284-00095295-00095787 fitted values versus residuals that is
+ra801cl5LjM-00285-00095788-00096449 also a scatter plot let's do that and
+ra801cl5LjM-00286-00096450-00096786 this is the plot and you can compare it
+ra801cl5LjM-00287-00096787-00097062 with the plot from the paper so this is
+ra801cl5LjM-00288-00097063-00097470 the plot from the paper so you can see
+ra801cl5LjM-00289-00097471-00097689 that we get the same plot and you can of
+ra801cl5LjM-00290-00097690-00097893 course draw a line at the zero to
+ra801cl5LjM-00291-00097894-00098118 separate this data and look at how it
+ra801cl5LjM-00292-00098119-00098706 looks okay so this is for doing the up
+ra801cl5LjM-00293-00098707-00099045 two residuals and I'm going to leave the
+ra801cl5LjM-00294-00099046-00099243 normal probability plot for you to
+ra801cl5LjM-00295-00099244-00099627 explore as well as the total means for
+ra801cl5LjM-00296-00099628-00099987 logit efficiency for you to explore once
+ra801cl5LjM-00297-00099988-00100281 we have done this exercise we can repeat
+ra801cl5LjM-00298-00100282-00100917 the same thing with the
+ra801cl5LjM-00299-00100918-00101395 on a test percentage right so let's do
+ra801cl5LjM-00300-00101396-00102082 that so we take a logit on a test
+ra801cl5LjM-00301-00102083-00102363 percentage and we again fit it for a
+ra801cl5LjM-00302-00102364-00102577 this thing and you get the fitted
+ra801cl5LjM-00303-00102578-00102880 parameters and you get the significant
+ra801cl5LjM-00304-00102881-00103294 ones to be I 3 I 4 PFR and the intercept
+ra801cl5LjM-00305-00103295-00103588 and that is the conclusion that is also
+ra801cl5LjM-00306-00103589-00104694 drawn from this namely that for anatase
+ra801cl5LjM-00307-00104695-00105202 you see that constant PFR the rest of
+ra801cl5LjM-00308-00105203-00105526 them are greater than 0.05
+ra801cl5LjM-00309-00105527-00105907 except for p FR FR and FR c FR so these
+ra801cl5LjM-00310-00105908-00106297 are the only four which are important
+ra801cl5LjM-00311-00106298-00106531 and that is the same conclusion you draw
+ra801cl5LjM-00312-00106532-00107131 from here so up to 0.01 significance
+ra801cl5LjM-00313-00107132-00107652 alpha point 0 1 it is I 4 and PFR and
+ra801cl5LjM-00314-00107653-00107947 point zero 5 significance it is I three
+ra801cl5LjM-00315-00107948-00108214 and point zero zero one significant set
+ra801cl5LjM-00316-00108215-00108493 is the intercept so so that is what is
+ra801cl5LjM-00317-00108494-00109260 given here in the in the paper so so
+ra801cl5LjM-00318-00109261-00109471 they look at it and then they say that
+ra801cl5LjM-00319-00109472-00109816 constant X 1 X 4 X 1 X 3 and PFR was
+ra801cl5LjM-00320-00109817-00110194 already there ok so then you can again
+ra801cl5LjM-00321-00110195-00110491 do the same plots and do the a Noir and
+ra801cl5LjM-00322-00110492-00110917 so on so those are the commands that are
+ra801cl5LjM-00323-00110918-00111376 given here after you have the fit you
+ra801cl5LjM-00324-00111377-00111994 can make those plots
+ra801cl5LjM-00325-00111995-00112493 so you can make the residual plot you
+ra801cl5LjM-00326-00112494-00112964 can also make the fitted values versus
+ra801cl5LjM-00327-00112965-00113734 residuals plot and you can compare this
+ra801cl5LjM-00328-00113735-00113996 figure with what is given in the paper
+ra801cl5LjM-00329-00113997-00114701 right so this is observation order yeah
+ra801cl5LjM-00330-00114702-00115151 so it's here so you can see how this
+ra801cl5LjM-00331-00115152-00115373 figure compares with this so so we are
+ra801cl5LjM-00332-00115374-00115678 getting same results and of course the
+ra801cl5LjM-00333-00115679-00116018 other quantity to reproduce is the table
+ra801cl5LjM-00334-00116019-00116833 of ANOVA and you can do that by
+ra801cl5LjM-00335-00116833-00117122 reproducing the table seven or at least
+ra801cl5LjM-00336-00117123-00118310 parts of Table seven by doing the ANOVA
+ra801cl5LjM-00337-00118311-00118545 so you draw the same conclusions and
+ra801cl5LjM-00338-00118546-00118811 again you can just add up these sums of
+ra801cl5LjM-00339-00118813-00119124 squares for these and add up the sums of
+ra801cl5LjM-00340-00119125-00119316 squares for these and you will get the
+ra801cl5LjM-00341-00119317-00119856 numbers which are the same so and you
+ra801cl5LjM-00342-00119857-00120021 can add up so you'll get to point nine
+ra801cl5LjM-00343-00120022-00120207 five two and four point nine six three
+ra801cl5LjM-00344-00120208-00120582 and you see that it is two point nine
+ra801cl5LjM-00345-00120583-00120741 five two and four point nine six three
+ra801cl5LjM-00346-00120742-00121008 so that is the way you get add that
+ra801cl5LjM-00347-00121008-00121224 there is also of course a residual which
+ra801cl5LjM-00348-00121225-00121523 is three point six three one four and
+ra801cl5LjM-00349-00121524-00121824 here residual is three point six three
+ra801cl5LjM-00350-00121825-00122199 one six so so it is the same result so
+ra801cl5LjM-00351-00122200-00122534 we can see that we have reproduced now
+ra801cl5LjM-00352-00122535-00122844 this is not the only command there is
+ra801cl5LjM-00353-00122845-00123332 also another way of doing this analysis
+ra801cl5LjM-00354-00123333-00123954 which is what I want to show here so
+ra801cl5LjM-00355-00123955-00124391 let's do this so this is the command a
+ra801cl5LjM-00356-00124392-00124782 whoa we so anatase the logit transform
+ra801cl5LjM-00357-00124783-00125163 that is a function of so this star
+ra801cl5LjM-00358-00125164-00125427 symbol means that individual that is p
+ra801cl5LjM-00359-00125428-00125879 FR + AF r + PF r : EF r which is the
+ra801cl5LjM-00360-00125880-00126144 cross term and any duplicate will be
+ra801cl5LjM-00361-00126145-00126438 removed so p FR c FR means p FR + c FR +
+ra801cl5LjM-00362-00126439-00126641 p FR c FR but PF r is already there so
+ra801cl5LjM-00363-00126642-00126918 that will be removed and so here this is
+ra801cl5LjM-00364-00126919-00127047 another way of writing the same
+ra801cl5LjM-00365-00127048-00127341 interaction so p FR has an interaction
+ra801cl5LjM-00366-00127342-00127518 with all this AF r has an interaction
+ra801cl5LjM-00367-00127519-00127709 with these two so those are the five
+ra801cl5LjM-00368-00127710-00127965 interactions and the remaining terms
+ra801cl5LjM-00369-00127966-00128175 with without interaction and with
+ra801cl5LjM-00370-00128176-00128408 interaction terms so you can do and then
+ra801cl5LjM-00371-00128409-00128858 you can do a fitting and you get the
+ra801cl5LjM-00372-00128859-00129051 same result i mean the results are not
+ra801cl5LjM-00373-00129052-00129254 at all different which is expected
+ra801cl5LjM-00374-00129255-00129579 except that now instead of i1 i2 etc you
+ra801cl5LjM-00375-00129580-00129738 can clearly see what the interactions
+ra801cl5LjM-00376-00129739-00130128 are also so this is another one line
+ra801cl5LjM-00377-00130129-00130494 command for you to do the same analysis
+ra801cl5LjM-00378-00130495-00131022 and get the same sort of results and you
+ra801cl5LjM-00379-00131023-00131589 can also do this not just for and now i
+ra801cl5LjM-00380-00131590-00131703 you can also do
+ra801cl5LjM-00381-00131704-00132582 for efficiency so let us do that also so
+ra801cl5LjM-00382-00132583-00132756 you get the same conclusions namely that
+ra801cl5LjM-00383-00132757-00132915 these three interactions are important
+ra801cl5LjM-00384-00132916-00133299 and these four are important and these
+ra801cl5LjM-00385-00133300-00133710 are not important from the point of view
+ra801cl5LjM-00386-00133711-00134403 of the significance right so this is the
+ra801cl5LjM-00387-00134404-00134666 paper and so we are able to reproduce
+ra801cl5LjM-00388-00134667-00134901 most of the results and the remaining
+ra801cl5LjM-00389-00134902-00135090 ones also you will be able to reproduce
+ra801cl5LjM-00390-00135091-00135333 yourself and it is also a good idea to
+ra801cl5LjM-00391-00135334-00135716 understand these significance levels and
+ra801cl5LjM-00392-00135717-00136134 the Table nine validation trials but I'm
+ra801cl5LjM-00393-00136135-00136506 going to leave that to you to explore on
+ra801cl5LjM-00394-00136507-00136773 your own and because all the data will
+ra801cl5LjM-00395-00136774-00137000 be available and the presentation of
+ra801cl5LjM-00396-00137001-00137256 design of experiments is available and
+ra801cl5LjM-00397-00137257-00137574 this script will be available to you so
+ra801cl5LjM-00398-00137575-00137748 it should not be very difficult for you
+ra801cl5LjM-00399-00137749-00137967 to reproduce them on your own
+ra801cl5LjM-00400-00137968-00138276 so to summarize design of experiments is
+ra801cl5LjM-00401-00138277-00138516 very important and you can optimize
+ra801cl5LjM-00402-00138517-00138837 process parameters by carefully setting
+ra801cl5LjM-00403-00138838-00139200 up the experiments and then analyzing
+ra801cl5LjM-00404-00139201-00139589 them and such statistically planned
+ra801cl5LjM-00405-00139590-00139872 experiments and the statistics that you
+ra801cl5LjM-00406-00139873-00140142 get from them will make life easy for
+ra801cl5LjM-00407-00140143-00140358 you in terms of optimization otherwise
+ra801cl5LjM-00408-00140359-00140574 there are too many parameters and you
+ra801cl5LjM-00409-00140575-00140862 need to take a call on how many
+ra801cl5LjM-00410-00140863-00141051 experiments you will do and how you will
+ra801cl5LjM-00411-00141052-00141219 change the parameters and so on so this
+ra801cl5LjM-00412-00141220-00141537 is a nice way of doing it and for doing
+ra801cl5LjM-00413-00141538-00141681 that of course there are lots of
+ra801cl5LjM-00414-00141682-00141900 libraries in our which you can use but I
+ra801cl5LjM-00415-00141901-00142074 have also shown you that with whatever
+ra801cl5LjM-00416-00142075-00142251 we have learned we have learnt a linear
+ra801cl5LjM-00417-00142252-00142524 model fitting and ANOVA using just these
+ra801cl5LjM-00418-00142525-00142776 two commands are combinations of such
+ra801cl5LjM-00419-00142777-00143079 commands you can get all the information
+ra801cl5LjM-00420-00143080-00143295 you want so if you want to set up a new
+ra801cl5LjM-00421-00143296-00143613 set of experiments for some optimization
+ra801cl5LjM-00422-00143614-00143972 here is a way to explore and I also
+ra801cl5LjM-00423-00143973-00144225 strongly urge you to go through the
+ra801cl5LjM-00424-00144226-00144471 material on design of experiments and
+ra801cl5LjM-00425-00144472-00144646 the libraries that are available
+ra801cl5LjM-00426-00144647-00144961 the other ways of doing things for
+ra801cl5LjM-00427-00144962-00145135 example I haven't shown how to make the
+ra801cl5LjM-00428-00145136-00145413 design matrix but you can generate those
+ra801cl5LjM-00429-00145414-00145699 things also using R which will help you
+ra801cl5LjM-00430-00145700-00146016 set up your experiments so we have
+ra801cl5LjM-00431-00146017-00146312 looked at one two factor experiment and
+ra801cl5LjM-00432-00146313-00146670 reproduce the design of experiments
+ra801cl5LjM-00433-00146671-00146979 analysis that was done in the paper I
+ra801cl5LjM-00434-00146980-00147240 hope this will help you set up more
+ra801cl5LjM-00435-00147241-00147445 experiments of your own along these
+ra801cl5LjM-00436-00147446-00147635 lines thank you
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00000-00000056-00000311 chargers in baltimore four and one
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00001-00000312-00000534 first down run as sean green runs
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00002-00000535-00000759 through the empire
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00003-00000760-00000927 and gets out to the referee in the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00004-00000927-00001024 middle of the stream
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00005-00001025-00001511 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00006-00001512-00001687 he's looking rashad jones pulls his
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00007-00001688-00001863 right leg out of there
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00008-00001864-00002063 that's going to take in a flush square
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00009-00002064-00002302 the pass cruiser strong move in the lane
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00010-00002303-00002542 and had enough to get it to go
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00011-00002543-00002775 this was with the spin move against dirk
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00012-00002776-00002958 he wristed that end oh
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00013-00002959-00003175 wow
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00014-00003176-00003575 [Music]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00015-00003576-00003886 saunders takes off and oh
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00016-00003887-00004247 oh my goodness gracious drive off the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00017-00004248-00004519 bat of montero
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00018-00004520-00004647 trying to get out of the way hit him in
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00019-00004648-00004847 the side okay
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00020-00004848-00004983 and there's the collision with don
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00021-00004984-00005167 henderson he doesn't even see the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00022-00005168-00005976 line spin
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00023-00005977-00006983 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00024-00006984-00007783 got hit with that right hand
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00025-00007784-00008014 washington and he's going to go for the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00026-00008015-00008167 touchdown
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00027-00008168-00008359 washington's got a slow down for the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00028-00008360-00008495 ball
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00029-00008496-00008935 and smith is just not able pedal
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00030-00008936-00009214 and both of these guys end up on top of
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00031-00009215-00009255 it
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00032-00009256-00009535 normally the officials are have better
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00033-00009536-00010055 ball awareness than that
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00034-00010056-00010303 and it hits the referee the ball who was
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00035-00010304-00010503 standing right in front of gordon
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00036-00010504-00010663 how are you going to pass it to gordon
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00037-00010664-00010863 if the referee's gone it's unfortunate
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00038-00010864-00011071 as the ball hits the ref until he's out
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00039-00011072-00011283 of bounds he is in the middle of the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00040-00011284-00011935 rocket
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00041-00011936-00012199 the second kickoff return for a
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00042-00012200-00012335 touchdown
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00043-00012336-00012606 you got to wrap it up act like a and
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00044-00012607-00012767 there's where the official gets bumped
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00045-00012768-00013007 he gets hit hard stolen base and we'll
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00046-00013008-00013135 take a look to see why
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00047-00013136-00013455 oh umpire's interference oh no
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00048-00013456-00013647 a bad break right there for the anchor
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00049-00013647-00013807 oh my goodness
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00050-00013808-00014083 i have never seen that before mike ester
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00051-00014084-00014399 bro
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00052-00014400-00014751 jimmy smith and now the ball pops
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00053-00014752-00014975 scramble for the ball inside five he's
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00054-00014976-00015166 got it
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00055-00015168-00015399 jimmy smith was carrying that football
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00056-00015400-00015550 away from his body
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00057-00015551-00015830 and didn't feel coming from behind
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00058-00015831-00015975 simpson popped it out
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00059-00015976-00016238 and ron winter just got buried
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00060-00016238-00016799 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00061-00016800-00017039 and then of course he's underneath the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00062-00017040-00017294 scrum going for the football
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00063-00017295-00017479 team where they want to be in the very
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00064-00017480-00017615 near future
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00065-00017616-00017855 okay ray booker making the steal goes
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00066-00017856-00017950 down hard
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00067-00017951-00018086 his right shoulder check out this
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00068-00018087-00018283 collision oh it's with mark ayat the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00069-00018284-00018743 official
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00070-00018744-00019047 in that sense that the 1-2 pitch
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00071-00019048-00019279 and a shot that is oh it hits the umpire
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00072-00019280-00019503 it's fair
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00073-00019504-00019791 chad fairchild wears this one and he
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00074-00019792-00020063 tried to get out of the way
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00075-00020064-00020214 he's a nice job of still calling that
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00076-00020215-00020407 ball fair and that's the second time we
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00077-00020408-00020519 saw it i believe
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00078-00020520-00020814 and gardner banks it down for clarkson
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00079-00020815-00020919 clarkson
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00080-00020920-00021294 taking down oh the official dean morton
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00081-00021295-00021463 who was also shaken up the other night
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00082-00021464-00021822 in the game he was working
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00083-00021823-00022063 so gullibuff and clarkson are tied up
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00084-00022064-00022135 and you see
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00085-00022136-00022430 morton's legs are cut out he lands right
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00086-00022431-00022647 not much padding there for the officials
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00087-00022648-00022903 nowhere to land oh man he actually lands
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00088-00022904-00023135 more in his back
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00089-00023136-00023599 it's a live football marcelo
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00090-00023600-00023767 boyd the presence of mine could just
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00091-00023768-00023999 batted a big ball comes out it
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00092-00024000-00024263 bounces off of reese then reese runs him
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00093-00024264-00024303 down
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00094-00024304-00024567 then the ball comes loose and actually
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00095-00024568-00024614 the ball
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00096-00024615-00024799 that ball forward that's something he
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00097-00024800-00025086 can't do
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00098-00025087-00025455 they wind up losing 14 yards
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00099-00025456-00025631 in the pocket and that's when he's been
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00100-00025632-00025839 really dangerous this year
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00101-00025839-00026078 and eric wright fell down watch the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00102-00026079-00026279 official throw his hat in the right side
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00103-00026280-00026407 of your screen
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00104-00026408-00026646 he throws his hat right in the path of
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00105-00026647-00026799 ogletree who steps on
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00106-00026800-00027095 it
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00107-00027097-00027502 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00108-00027504-00027783 kirkland that might be a little bit of
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00109-00027783-00027990 an overreaction
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00110-00027991-00028262 on the part of the official i don't know
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00111-00028263-00028543 if i've ever seen this whoa
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00112-00028544-00029620 it looks like
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00113-00029622-00030117 [Music]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00114-00030118-00030183 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00115-00030185-00030351 [Music]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00116-00030352-00030623 i think the stripes threw him off he saw
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00117-00030624-00030774 another set of stripes
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00118-00030775-00030983 and he just banged the back of his head
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00119-00030983-00031087 this is why
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00120-00031088-00031479 he needed a helmet right there bang
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00121-00031480-00031727 he got his feet taken out from under him
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00122-00031727-00031943 stayed down momentarily
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00123-00031944-00032118 there it is again a very dangerous
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00124-00032119-00032806 situation back to brooks
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00125-00032807-00033231 [Applause]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00126-00033232-00033535 the nfl circus of surprises was no doubt
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00127-00033536-00033783 a response to the greatest show on turf
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00128-00033784-00034071 produced by the saint louis
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00129-00034072-00034446 he lines one off the umpire
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00130-00034447-00034671 second base umpire dale scott couldn't
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00131-00034672-00034927 get out of the way
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00132-00034928-00035102 tailed right into him too he tried to go
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00133-00035103-00035255 out get out of the way but that's the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00134-00035256-00035551 way the ball was going
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00135-00035552-00036271 iguodala to barbossa for three
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00136-00036272-00036487 the bench is seven of nine from the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00137-00036488-00036718 field
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00138-00036719-00036918 and kenny mallard the official versus
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00139-00036919-00037030 the rams kenneth the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00140-00037031-00037351 all the training all the all the work
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00141-00037352-00037551 all the weight lifting
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00142-00037552-00037911 so that garth du
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00143-00037912-00038383 can knock de down like that
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00144-00038384-00038679 too bad this just happens one referee
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00145-00038680-00038815 tonight you saw
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00146-00038816-00039135 kelly sutherland get caught in the
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00147-00039136-00039318 action in the first period and he has
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00148-00039319-00040411 not returned
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00149-00040412-00041151 [Music]
+rbiNFqHxTDu-00150-00041152-00041359 you
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00000-00000053-00000430 fifty-one Orionis 51 Ori is a class k1
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00001-00000431-00000644 III orange giant star in the
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00002-00000645-00000767 constellation Orion
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00003-00000768-00001129 it's apparent magnitude as 4.90 and it
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00004-00001130-00001408 is approximately 294 light-years away
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00005-00001409-00001910 based on parallax
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00006-00001911-00002265 topic references
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00007-00002266-00002426 you
+rc3YYzNAeHy-00008-00002427-00002633 you
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00000-00000000-00000645 laughs
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00001-00000646-00000784 [Applause]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00002-00000785-00001181 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00003-00001182-00001462 welcome to micro Terrors
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00004-00001463-00001626 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00005-00001627-00001866 scary stories for kids
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00006-00001867-00001987 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00007-00001988-00002437 where it's always the spooky season
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00008-00002438-00002791 full of chills
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00009-00002792-00002898 Thrills
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00010-00002899-00003060 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00011-00003061-00003533 and spine tingling Spooks micro Terrors
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00012-00003534-00003790 are family-friendly brights for those
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00013-00003792-00004175 ages 8 and up and while our stories are
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00014-00004176-00004451 for younger ears we are still talking
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00015-00004452-00004672 about Things That Go Bump in the night
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00016-00004673-00004991 and some children may not be able to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00017-00004992-00005320 handle what others can parental consent
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00018-00005321-00005795 is recommended now for tonight's micro
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00019-00005796-00005889 Terror
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00020-00005890-00006418 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00021-00006419-00006803 Knight of the gargoyle
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00022-00006804-00007091 the smell of a sleepover was in the air
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00023-00007092-00007367 Milo couldn't have been more excited for
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00024-00007368-00007546 the first time in years he was allowed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00025-00007547-00007781 to have his two best friends over for a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00026-00007781-00008027 night of pizza Marvel movies and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00027-00008028-00008291 Fortnight he anxiously waited at the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00028-00008292-00008524 window for his friends to arrive then
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00029-00008525-00008824 right on time Jamie came bouncing down
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00030-00008825-00009077 the sidewalk from up the street he lived
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00031-00009078-00009383 the closest only a few doors down by the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00032-00009384-00009581 time he reached the driveway A car
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00033-00009582-00009791 pulled up in front of the house it was
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00034-00009792-00010114 Bucky being dropped off by his dad Milo
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00035-00010115-00010295 pushed up the window Sash and let the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00036-00010296-00010519 warmth of the spring evening flood in
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00037-00010520-00010792 hey guys he called out to his friends
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00038-00010793-00011003 over the moon excited
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00039-00011004-00011219 Jamie waved with a huge smile and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00040-00011220-00011464 ascended the porch steps Bucky climbed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00041-00011465-00011651 out of the car and Milo heard his dad
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00042-00011652-00012046 say have fun thanks Dad Bucky exclaimed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00043-00012047-00012251 grabbing his backpack from the passenger
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00044-00012252-00012437 seat floor before closing the car door
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00045-00012438-00012713 and jogging up to the house Milo watched
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00046-00012714-00012922 Bucky's dad drive off as his son and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00047-00012923-00013157 Jamie gave each other a series of sloppy
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00048-00013158-00013361 high fives on the porch
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00049-00013362-00013571 Milo opened the front door and the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00050-00013572-00014094 sleepover was officially underway
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00051-00014095-00014447 the doors stay locked no one leaves and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00052-00014447-00014722 no one extra comes in Milo's dad said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00053-00014723-00014951 sternly his mother stood next to him
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00054-00014952-00015208 sipping on a hot cup of tea am I
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00055-00015209-00015671 understood yes Milo said no one in no
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00056-00015672-00015893 one out got it
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00057-00015894-00016163 his dad could sense a bit of sarcasm in
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00058-00016163-00016355 his son's voice which made him feel the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00059-00016356-00016594 need to repeat his stipulations I'm
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00060-00016595-00016822 serious Milo they haven't caught that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00061-00016823-00017050 Thief yet and the jabronis a couple of
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00062-00017051-00017303 blocks away were just hit a few days ago
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00063-00017304-00017644 I got it Dad Milo said toning it back so
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00064-00017645-00017849 his dad would either believe him or just
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00065-00017850-00017999 leave them alone
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00066-00018000-00018311 his dad smiled and winked okay have fun
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00067-00018312-00018521 boys we'll be in the guest house out
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00068-00018522-00018844 back as not to cramp your style is that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00069-00018845-00019108 is that still a phrase cramping your
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00070-00019109-00019235 style
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00071-00019236-00019486 the three boys Shrugged well either way
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00072-00019487-00019744 your style will remain intact for the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00073-00019745-00019957 nights anyway have fun
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00074-00019958-00020200 Milo's dad and mom left for the guest
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00075-00020201-00020447 house out back Milo was quick to lock
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00076-00020448-00020608 the back door
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00077-00020609-00020855 what if they need to come back in Jamie
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00078-00020856-00020950 asked
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00079-00020951-00021227 Milo laughed that's their problem he
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00080-00021228-00021419 told me to keep the doors locked no one
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00081-00021420-00021683 in no one out remember that includes my
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00082-00021684-00021886 parents now
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00083-00021887-00022144 the boys chuckled but then Bucky's laugh
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00084-00022145-00022403 trailed off what guy is your dad talking
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00085-00022404-00022619 about what Thief
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00086-00022620-00022889 Milo rolled his eyes there's a burglar
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00087-00022890-00023063 who's been terrorizing the neighborhood
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00088-00023064-00023369 for like a month now they call him the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00089-00023370-00023578 gargoyle because he leaves that moniker
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00090-00023579-00023753 scrawled on the walls of the homes that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00091-00023754-00023969 he hits the jabroni is her friends and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00092-00023970-00024185 my dad they got hit last week funny
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00093-00024186-00024413 thing is they were home during the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00094-00024414-00024569 burglary but don't remember anything
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00095-00024570-00024803 about it almost like their minds were
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00096-00024804-00025091 wiped clean afterwards sounds like super
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00097-00025092-00025492 villain stuff Jamie joked maybe Milo
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00098-00025493-00025762 said whoever it is definitely has some
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00099-00025763-00026039 unorthodox methods of burglarizing but
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00100-00026039-00026200 the doors are locked my parents are
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00101-00026201-00026423 locked out and we have the house to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00102-00026424-00026674 ourselves for the night so let's sleep
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00103-00026675-00026754 over
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00104-00026755-00026890 [Music]
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00105-00026891-00027095 the night began with the pizzas that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00106-00027095-00027281 arrived moments before Milo's friends
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00107-00027282-00027557 did three large pepperoni and bacon
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00108-00027558-00027820 pizza pies were gone in under 10 minutes
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00109-00027822-00028049 next up was a Marvel movie the latest
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00110-00028050-00028324 Spider-Man Adventure after that was a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00111-00028325-00028540 two-hour block of fortnite before coming
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00112-00028541-00028751 back to the MCU
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00113-00028752-00029014 outside the house a car sat in the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00114-00029016-00029267 shadows across the street someone had
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00115-00029268-00029512 eyes on the house the person in the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00116-00029513-00029711 front seat took out a pair of binoculars
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00117-00029712-00029885 and looked into the upstairs window
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00118-00029886-00030064 where a light was on
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00119-00030066-00030305 through the magnified lenses the boys
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00120-00030306-00030496 could be seen watching the superhero
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00121-00030497-00030814 movie on a large wall-mounted TV
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00122-00030816-00031090 Jamie squirmed in his seat ah I have to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00123-00031091-00031295 go to the bathroom can you guys pause it
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00124-00031295-00031679 oh man hurry up Bucky complained all the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00125-00031680-00031870 good stuff's about to happen
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00126-00031872-00032146 salary Jamie said uncomfortably
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00127-00032147-00032339 scurrying out of the room
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00128-00032339-00032549 the bathroom door in the hallway slammed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00129-00032550-00032783 shut Bucky leaned back in his seat
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00130-00032784-00032927 inside
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00131-00032928-00033287 what's that Milo said sitting up and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00132-00033288-00033533 squinting out into the hallway some kind
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00133-00033534-00033821 of object was on the floor what's what
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00134-00033822-00034121 Bucky said leaning forward to try and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00135-00034122-00034337 see what Milo was seeing
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00136-00034338-00034540 Milo walked into the hall and picked up
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00137-00034541-00034667 the object
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00138-00034668-00035045 oh man you broke it Jamie broke what
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00139-00035046-00035357 Jamie's voice echoed from the bathroom
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00140-00035358-00035543 but the more Milo looked at the object
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00141-00035544-00035939 he wasn't exactly sure what was broke he
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00142-00035940-00036112 initially assumed it was a piece of the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00143-00036113-00036424 very expensive yet gaudy Decor that his
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00144-00036425-00036640 mom plastered all over their home
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00145-00036641-00036965 but now up close it looked like a piece
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00146-00036966-00037162 of stone that had been chipped at the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00147-00037163-00037271 top
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00148-00037272-00037487 Bucky joined his side and looked at the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00149-00037488-00037774 stone are those feet
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00150-00037775-00038045 they were feet the stone object now
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00151-00038046-00038262 looked like the lower part of a small
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00152-00038263-00038687 doll-sized statue yeah Milo said they
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00153-00038688-00038987 look like claws or something the toilet
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00154-00038988-00039167 flushed in the bathroom and then the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00155-00039168-00039401 sink briefly ran when the door opened
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00156-00039402-00039557 Jamie stood there with another Stone
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00157-00039558-00039851 piece in his hand what's this he asked
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00158-00039852-00040139 it was on the floor next to the toilet
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00159-00040140-00040379 Milo and Bucky looked at it it
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00160-00040380-00040577 definitely looked like another part of
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00161-00040578-00040799 the same Stone object
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00162-00040800-00041021 but the one Jamie held looked more like
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00163-00041022-00041224 the midsection of some kind of mythical
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00164-00041225-00041321 Beast
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00165-00041322-00041543 there were Stone Wings curled on its
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00166-00041544-00041824 back and a tail with a spade-like end
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00167-00041825-00042071 like the Devil's Tail
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00168-00042072-00042473 put it together Bucky said huh Milo said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00169-00042474-00042755 it's all a part of the same thing Bucky
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00170-00042756-00042845 said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00171-00042846-00043024 he snatched each part out of his
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00172-00043025-00043180 friend's hands and placed the midsection
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00173-00043181-00043445 on top of its foot base now we just need
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00174-00043446-00043673 the head where did your mom keep this
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00175-00043674-00043780 thing
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00176-00043781-00044045 Milo didn't know what to say he'd never
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00177-00044046-00044230 seen this particular piece of Decor
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00178-00044231-00044345 before
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00179-00044346-00044621 he Shrugged then let's spread out and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00180-00044622-00044873 look for it Bucky said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00181-00044874-00045185 wait Jamie said what about the movie we
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00182-00045186-00045418 gotta get back to fortnite too do we
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00183-00045419-00045605 even have time to search the house for a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00184-00045606-00045868 piece of broken rock of course we do
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00185-00045869-00046187 Lucky said all those screens are doing a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00186-00046188-00046408 number of my eyes anyways let's take a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00187-00046409-00046493 break
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00188-00046494-00046762 I don't see the fun in this Jamie
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00189-00046763-00046943 grumbled
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00190-00046944-00047207 outside the house the shadowy car still
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00191-00047208-00047435 sat in the street and its mysterious
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00192-00047436-00047633 occupant was counting down the minutes
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00193-00047634-00047861 until it was time to strike
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00194-00047862-00048118 the gargoyle was about to claim another
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00195-00048119-00048430 house and no one would even remember it
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00196-00048431-00048599 happened
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00197-00048600-00048779 Milo wandered through the cluster of
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00198-00048780-00048977 upstairs bedrooms looking on the floor
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00199-00048978-00049211 for the final piece of the stone puzzle
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00200-00049212-00049540 but so far he was coming up empty just
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00201-00049541-00049762 dirty clothes scattered about and an
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00202-00049763-00049973 empty discarded twizzler's bag next to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00203-00049974-00050183 his dad's side of the parents bed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00204-00050184-00050536 emergency candy Milo thought I wish I
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00205-00050537-00050807 could have emergency candy
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00206-00050808-00051089 I don't see it anywhere Milo called out
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00207-00051090-00051275 to his friends
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00208-00051276-00051490 downstairs Bucky searched the living and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00209-00051491-00051658 dining rooms before moving into the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00210-00051659-00051875 kitchen he held the two pieces of stone
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00211-00051876-00052066 in his hands but sat them down on the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00212-00052067-00052264 breakfast nook before kneeling down to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00213-00052265-00052408 search the cabinets
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00214-00052409-00052630 Jamie meandered in the basement he knew
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00215-00052632-00052859 the missing piece was least likely to be
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00216-00052860-00053176 there so that's why he chose it well he
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00217-00053177-00053369 didn't know that for sure but he didn't
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00218-00053370-00053537 want to be a part of this search party
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00219-00053538-00053771 he just wanted to watch Spider-Man and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00220-00053772-00054004 play fortnite that's when he heard the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00221-00054005-00054323 front door on the first floor open
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00222-00054324-00054544 stopped where he was and then heard the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00223-00054545-00054941 screen door close no one in or out
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00224-00054941-00055216 that's what Milo's dad said he made that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00225-00055217-00055499 very clear so who opened the door Jamie
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00226-00055500-00055649 made his way up the basement stairs and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00227-00055650-00056057 called out to his friends Milo Bucky
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00228-00056058-00056225 when he reached the first floor his eyes
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00229-00056226-00056429 went straight for the front door which
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00230-00056429-00056692 was open he walked over to it and looked
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00231-00056694-00056975 outside he noticed a car sitting across
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00232-00056976-00057203 the street shrouded by the darkness of
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00233-00057204-00057388 the night and even from the glowing
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00234-00057389-00057580 Street lamps that lined the road he
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00235-00057582-00057821 couldn't see anyone inside
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00236-00057822-00058138 who went outside Milo shouted as he
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00237-00058139-00058385 bounded down the stairs Jaime looked at
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00238-00058386-00058642 him and Shrugged not me Jamie said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00239-00058644-00058871 presenting himself as an innocent party
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00240-00058872-00059123 who wears Bucky Milo turned to the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00241-00059124-00059309 kitchen he saw the two pieces of stone
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00242-00059310-00059632 on the counter Bucky the two boys called
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00243-00059633-00059716 out
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00244-00059717-00060004 there was no response Milo started to
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00245-00060005-00060275 feel nervous and Jaime shared that
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00246-00060276-00060359 feeling
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00247-00060360-00060707 whose car is that out there Jamie asked
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00248-00060708-00060941 but Milo didn't answer he crossed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00249-00060941-00061066 through the living room and into the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00250-00061067-00061144 kitchen
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00251-00061145-00061330 sitting on the floor next to an open
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00252-00061332-00061582 cabinet was the third and final piece of
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00253-00061583-00061894 the stone statue it was a head the head
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00254-00061895-00062104 of a beast that appeared to share lion
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00255-00062105-00062338 and dragon-like features
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00256-00062339-00062530 Milo picked it up and brought it to the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00257-00062532-00062753 other two pieces he started to put it
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00258-00062754-00063004 together like a Snowman on top of its
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00259-00063005-00063250 base he placed the midsection you
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00260-00063251-00063515 actually found it Jamie said hurriedly
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00261-00063516-00063659 walking through the room to join his
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00262-00063660-00063976 friend's side yeah Milo said I don't
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00263-00063977-00064157 think this is my Mom's though I've never
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00264-00064158-00064313 seen this before
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00265-00064314-00064576 the third and final piece the head was
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00266-00064577-00064835 then placed on the very top it's a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00267-00064836-00065171 gargoyle Jaime said suddenly the cracks
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00268-00065172-00065380 between the pieces of rock fused
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00269-00065382-00065603 together the eyes of the Stone Beast
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00270-00065604-00065903 radiated a fierce green glow and then
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00271-00065904-00066113 beams of light shot from them like a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00272-00066114-00066359 laser gun encapsulating Milo and Jaime
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00273-00066360-00066581 in a state of rigor like they themselves
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00274-00066582-00066917 were made from Stone neither boy could
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00275-00066918-00067253 speak or move they could do nothing but
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00276-00067254-00067438 stand there looking at the mystical
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00277-00067439-00067787 gargoyle that put such a spell on them
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00278-00067788-00068111 don't worry it shouldn't hurt a boy's
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00279-00068112-00068332 voice said it definitely won't hurt
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00280-00068333-00068644 after the spell runs its course
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00281-00068645-00068891 bucket walked into their view standing
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00282-00068892-00069113 between them and the gargoyle
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00283-00069114-00069341 he smiled at his friends but what it's
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00284-00069342-00069550 worth I didn't want you guys to be a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00285-00069551-00069881 Target but my dad insisted your mom has
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00286-00069882-00070199 such nice expensive stuff
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00287-00070200-00070397 Lucky's dad dressed all in black
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00288-00070398-00070631 scurried to the house and shoved endless
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00289-00070632-00070859 amounts of expensive Decor into a duffel
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00290-00070860-00070931 bag
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00291-00070932-00071141 we found this statue at a flea market
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00292-00071142-00071447 Bucky said moving aside so Milo and
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00293-00071448-00071644 Jaime could lay their eyes on a gargoyle
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00294-00071645-00071909 again the guy who sold it to us couldn't
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00295-00071910-00072125 tell us where it came from but he said
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00296-00072126-00072413 it hardest a dark power when we saw what
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00297-00072414-00072605 he did we thought it'd be perfect for
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00298-00072606-00072826 the family business
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00299-00072827-00073049 out of the corner of his eye Milo
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00300-00073050-00073247 watched as Bucky's dad zipped up the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00301-00073248-00073438 duffel bag and then used a black marker
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00302-00073439-00073726 to write Gargoyle on the wall
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00303-00073727-00073973 when the effect runs off your short-term
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00304-00073974-00074255 memory will be gone Bucky said you won't
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00305-00074256-00074488 remember any of this that way we could
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00306-00074489-00074773 still be friends no hard feelings
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00307-00074774-00075059 Bucky's dad looked at his watch we have
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00308-00075060-00075293 maybe 20 seconds he said in a huff
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00309-00075294-00075526 better get out of here dead dad I could
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00310-00075527-00075826 take it from here Bucky said his dad
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00311-00075827-00076000 raced out the front door and across the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00312-00076001-00076217 street the car started a second or two
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00313-00076218-00076426 later and then was gone
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00314-00076427-00076661 Bucky took the gargoyle apart and shoved
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00315-00076662-00076835 each piece into the inner lining of his
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00316-00076836-00077081 backpack and not a second after he put
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00317-00077082-00077249 his backpack on the other side of the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00318-00077250-00077506 couch Milo and Jamie collapsed to the
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00319-00077507-00077597 ground
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00320-00077598-00077891 are you guys okay Bucky exclaimed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00321-00077892-00078281 rushing to their aid what happened Milo
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00322-00078282-00078526 groggily asked holding his head in a
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00323-00078527-00078671 spazy days
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00324-00078672-00078941 Jamie groaned feeling the same way
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00325-00078942-00079229 Bucky held his head too a devious smirk
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00326-00079230-00079469 was just itching to show itself
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00327-00079470-00079738 Milo looked up and saw the word gargoyle
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00328-00079739-00079943 sloppily written on the wall in big
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00329-00079944-00080212 black letters his eyes then shot around
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00330-00080213-00080441 the room the severe lack of his mom's
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00331-00080442-00080855 gaudy Decor was evident mom you're dead
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00332-00080856-00081337 he screamed
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00333-00081338-00081691 thank you for listening to micro Terrors
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00334-00081692-00082079 join us each Saturday for another scary
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00335-00082080-00082525 story for more fun visit our website at
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00336-00082526-00082829 microterrors.com where we will also have
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00337-00082830-00083075 spooky games you can print out and play
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00338-00083076-00083435 like Wicked word searches mysterious
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00339-00083436-00083731 mazes and more
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00340-00083732-00084017 microterrors.com is also where you can
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00341-00084018-00084221 find us on your favorite social media
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00342-00084222-00084562 and even send in your own scary story
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00343-00084563-00084731 for us to tell
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00344-00084732-00085000 plus you'll learn more about our author
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00345-00085001-00085337 Scott Donnelly who has other Horrors for
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00346-00085338-00085667 both young and old I hope you'll join me
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00347-00085668-00086044 again soon from micro Terrors scary
+reE1Bl0iPNU-00348-00086045-00086395 stories for kids
+rfLhheymI9g-00000-00000000-00000773 hey
+rfLhheymI9g-00001-00000774-00001709 [Applause]
+rfLhheymI9g-00002-00001710-00001976 [Music]
+rfLhheymI9g-00003-00001977-00002009 [Applause]
+rfLhheymI9g-00004-00002010-00003824 [Music]
+rfLhheymI9g-00005-00003825-00004167 [Music]
+rfP0hUsS-No-00000-00000003-00002513 single cannon I did it 46 where do you
+rfP0hUsS-No-00001-00002514-00002804 live
+rfP0hUsS-No-00002-00002805-00003602 I live in India do you know which
+rfP0hUsS-No-00003-00003603-00004088 animals we worship we worship cows so we
+rfP0hUsS-No-00004-00004089-00004262 do not kill cows
+rfP0hUsS-No-00005-00004263-00005384 I live in Kenya my country has a lot of
+rfP0hUsS-No-00006-00005385-00005768 wild animals my country is famous for a
+rfP0hUsS-No-00007-00005769-00005857 Maasai
+rfP0hUsS-No-00008-00005858-00006504 [Music]
+rfP0hUsS-No-00009-00006505-00006803 [Music]
+rfP0hUsS-No-00010-00006804-00007267 I live in Italy do you know which food
+rfP0hUsS-No-00011-00007268-00007695 originated in my country pizza and pasta
+rfP0hUsS-No-00012-00007697-00008354 originated in my country I live in
+rfP0hUsS-No-00013-00008355-00008665 Canada do you know what our symbol is
+rfP0hUsS-No-00014-00008666-00009959 the red maple leaf is our symbol I live
+rfP0hUsS-No-00015-00009960-00010361 in Brazil my country is famous for the
+rfP0hUsS-No-00016-00010362-00010796 Samba festival my country is also famous
+rfP0hUsS-No-00017-00010797-00012086 for soccer I live in Australia how many
+rfP0hUsS-No-00018-00012087-00012652 unique animals do you know in my country
+rfP0hUsS-No-00019-00012653-00013266 I live in Korea we are all from
+rfP0hUsS-No-00020-00013268-00013537 different countries but we are friends
+rfP0hUsS-No-00021-00013538-00014346 all together Singha Kenan I didn't take
+rfP0hUsS-No-00022-00014347-00014670 Falcons head
+ri7iydGRiWo-00000-00000051-00000313 an epiglottal or pharyngeal flap is not
+ri7iydGRiWo-00001-00000314-00000484 known to exist as a phoneme in any
+ri7iydGRiWo-00002-00000485-00000754 language however it exists as the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00003-00000755-00000956 intervocalic voiced Aleph own of the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00004-00000957-00001160 otherwise voiceless epiglottal stop AB
+ri7iydGRiWo-00005-00001161-00001504 dejalo and perhaps of other languages it
+ri7iydGRiWo-00006-00001505-00001760 may also exist in Iraqi Arabic where the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00007-00001761-00001930 consonant ion is too short to be an
+ri7iydGRiWo-00008-00001932-00002129 epiglottal stop but has too much of a
+ri7iydGRiWo-00009-00002130-00002333 burst to be a fricative or approximate
+ri7iydGRiWo-00010-00002334-00002516 there is no dedicated symbol for this
+ri7iydGRiWo-00011-00002517-00002684 sound in the IPA but it can be
+ri7iydGRiWo-00012-00002685-00002950 transcribed by adding an extra short
+ri7iydGRiWo-00013-00002951-00003651 diacritic to the symbol for the stop
+ri7iydGRiWo-00014-00003652-00004161 topic features
+ri7iydGRiWo-00015-00004162-00004399 it's manner of articulation as flap
+ri7iydGRiWo-00016-00004400-00004597 which means it is produced with a single
+ri7iydGRiWo-00017-00004598-00004779 contraction of the muscles so that one
+ri7iydGRiWo-00018-00004780-00005013 articulator usually the tongue is thrown
+ri7iydGRiWo-00019-00005014-00005260 against another its place of
+ri7iydGRiWo-00020-00005261-00005470 articulation as epiglottal which means
+ri7iydGRiWo-00021-00005471-00005634 it is articulated with the our yep
+ri7iydGRiWo-00022-00005635-00005946 exotic folds against the epiglottis its
+ri7iydGRiWo-00023-00005947-00006129 phonation is voiced which means the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00024-00006130-00006286 vocal chords vibrate during the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00025-00006287-00006588 articulation it is an oral consonant
+ri7iydGRiWo-00026-00006589-00006745 which means air is allowed to escape
+ri7iydGRiWo-00027-00006745-00007030 through the mouth only because the sound
+ri7iydGRiWo-00028-00007031-00007198 is not produced with airflow over the
+ri7iydGRiWo-00029-00007198-00007405 tongue the central lateral dichotomy
+ri7iydGRiWo-00030-00007406-00007654 does not apply the airstream mechanism
+ri7iydGRiWo-00031-00007655-00007863 is pulmonic which means it is
+ri7iydGRiWo-00032-00007864-00008085 articulated by pushing air solely with
+ri7iydGRiWo-00033-00008086-00008263 the lungs and diaphragm as in most
+ri7iydGRiWo-00034-00008264-00008825 sounds
+ri7iydGRiWo-00035-00008826-00009334 topic occurrence
+ri7iydGRiWo-00036-00009335-00009688 equals equals notes
+rippy47B-t0-00000-00000157-00000409 catch reporting is a part of monitoring
+rippy47B-t0-00001-00000409-00000598 control and surveillance of commercial
+rippy47B-t0-00002-00000599-00000868 fishing depending on national and local
+rippy47B-t0-00003-00000869-00001090 fisheries management practices catch
+rippy47B-t0-00004-00001091-00001273 reports may reveal illegal fishing
+rippy47B-t0-00005-00001274-00001492 practices or simply indicate that a
+rippy47B-t0-00006-00001493-00001866 given area is being overfished
+rippy47B-t0-00007-00001867-00002272 manual catch reporting
+rippy47B-t0-00008-00002273-00002555 the general industry practice is to
+rippy47B-t0-00009-00002556-00002744 write out a catch report on paper and
+rippy47B-t0-00010-00002745-00002921 presented to a fisheries management
+rippy47B-t0-00011-00002922-00003173 official when they return to port if
+rippy47B-t0-00012-00003174-00003389 information does not seem plausible to
+rippy47B-t0-00013-00003390-00003590 the official the report may be verified
+rippy47B-t0-00014-00003590-00003826 by physical inspection of the catch
+rippy47B-t0-00015-00003827-00004082 alternatively a suspicious vessel may
+rippy47B-t0-00016-00004083-00004279 need to carry an independent observer on
+rippy47B-t0-00017-00004280-00004595 future voyages
+rippy47B-t0-00018-00004596-00005160 semi-automated catch reporting some
+rippy47B-t0-00019-00005161-00005370 vessel monitoring systems have features
+rippy47B-t0-00020-00005371-00005562 that collect from keyboard input the
+rippy47B-t0-00021-00005563-00005781 data that constitutes a catch report for
+rippy47B-t0-00022-00005782-00006072 the entire voyage more advanced systems
+rippy47B-t0-00023-00006073-00006258 periodically transmit the current
+rippy47B-t0-00024-00006259-00006470 catches electronic mail so fisheries
+rippy47B-t0-00025-00006472-00006654 management centers can determine if a
+rippy47B-t0-00026-00006655-00006840 controlled area needs to be closed to
+rippy47B-t0-00027-00006841-00007058 further fishing
+rippy47B-t0-00028-00007059-00007309 while there is no standardization as yet
+rippy47B-t0-00029-00007310-00007534 for catch reports a starting point came
+rippy47B-t0-00030-00007535-00008009 from a 1981 conference of experts catch
+rippy47B-t0-00031-00008009-00008441 on entry to each controlled area weekly
+rippy47B-t0-00032-00008442-00009138 catch transshipment port of landing
+rippy47B-t0-00033-00009139-00009626 catch on exiting a controlled area days
+rippy47B-t0-00034-00009627-00010149 at sea daily time at sea
+rippy47B-t0-00035-00010150-00010585 seasonal catch limit for trip catch
+rippy47B-t0-00036-00010586-00010985 limits limits on catch within certain
+rippy47B-t0-00037-00010986-00011428 areas individual vessel transferable
+rippy47B-t0-00038-00011429-00011845 quotas minimum or maximum fish or
+rippy47B-t0-00039-00011846-00012081 shellfish sizes this was extended in
+rippy47B-t0-00040-00012082-00012322 1993 to include to include the
+rippy47B-t0-00041-00012323-00013075 measurement of catch species composition
+rippy47B-t0-00042-00013076-00013562 fishing effort bycatch ieat species
+rippy47B-t0-00043-00013563-00013750 unintentionally caught such as dolphins
+rippy47B-t0-00044-00013751-00014191 in tuna fishery area of operations a
+rippy47B-t0-00045-00014193-00014405 number of programs required tracking of
+rippy47B-t0-00046-00014406-00014702 days at sea das for a given vessel they
+rippy47B-t0-00047-00014703-00014863 may require tracking the total
+rippy47B-t0-00048-00014865-00015230 cumulative catch of a given fishery
+rippy47B-t0-00049-00015231-00015806 major trends where the local fishery
+rippy47B-t0-00050-00015807-00015978 economy permits perhaps with
+rippy47B-t0-00051-00015979-00016139 international funding near-real-time
+rippy47B-t0-00052-00016140-00016353 catch reporting will become a basic
+rippy47B-t0-00053-00016354-00016574 feature of vessel management systems
+rippy47B-t0-00054-00016575-00016833 software at fisheries management centers
+rippy47B-t0-00055-00016834-00017049 will cross-correlate VMs position
+rippy47B-t0-00056-00017050-00017261 information catch reports and spot
+rippy47B-t0-00057-00017262-00017711 inspection reports
+rippy47B-t0-00058-00017712-00018132 see also
+rippy47B-t0-00059-00018133-00018390 list of harvested aquatic animals by
+rippy47B-t0-00060-00018391-00018708 weight
+rippy47B-t0-00061-00018709-00019009 references
+riIaA-PkeFu-00000-00000089-00000194 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00001-00000195-00000240 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00002-00000241-00000786 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00003-00000787-00000839 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00004-00000840-00001346 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00005-00001347-00001422 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00006-00001423-00001548 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00007-00001549-00001905 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00008-00001907-00001959 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00009-00001960-00002486 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00012-00009858-00011713 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00014-00015819-00016954 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00015-00016955-00016980 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00016-00016981-00018129 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00017-00018130-00020681 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00018-00020682-00021904 [Music]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00019-00021905-00022502 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00020-00022503-00023101 [Applause]
+riIaA-PkeFu-00021-00023102-00024402 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00000-00000003-00000326 huh welcome thank you for joining me my
+riOzYedzuKu-00001-00000327-00000678 name is master Paul and I am a worldwide
+riOzYedzuKu-00002-00000679-00000956 representative of doctor and master Zhi
+riOzYedzuKu-00003-00000957-00001249 gong shop thank you for coming to my
+riOzYedzuKu-00004-00001250-00001570 livestream today as you can tell I'm in
+riOzYedzuKu-00005-00001571-00001712 a different environment that I'm
+riOzYedzuKu-00006-00001713-00001939 normally am in I am currently at the
+riOzYedzuKu-00007-00001941-00002192 Waikiki community center here in
+riOzYedzuKu-00008-00002193-00002591 beautiful Waikiki Honolulu Hawaii and I
+riOzYedzuKu-00009-00002592-00002765 signed up to help support the local
+riOzYedzuKu-00010-00002766-00002941 community here at the Waikiki community
+riOzYedzuKu-00011-00002942-00003313 center because of their need for this
+riOzYedzuKu-00012-00003314-00003593 wisdom the majority of the people that
+riOzYedzuKu-00013-00003594-00003929 come to a center like this are moving
+riOzYedzuKu-00014-00003929-00004166 towards retirement or already retired
+riOzYedzuKu-00015-00004167-00004436 and they want to keep their health their
+riOzYedzuKu-00016-00004437-00004661 well-being their body their their mind
+riOzYedzuKu-00017-00004662-00004831 they want to keep all aspects of their
+riOzYedzuKu-00018-00004832-00005120 soul our mind and body up to speed and
+riOzYedzuKu-00019-00005121-00005386 moving forward so a lot of the classes
+riOzYedzuKu-00020-00005387-00005534 that are already existing here include
+riOzYedzuKu-00021-00005535-00005915 tai chi chi gong feng shui and some
+riOzYedzuKu-00022-00005916-00006159 other very very good and high-quality
+riOzYedzuKu-00023-00006160-00006595 classes that are currently present so i
+riOzYedzuKu-00024-00006597-00006800 felt there was a need and a value for
+riOzYedzuKu-00025-00006801-00006967 teaching master Sha's wisdom and
+riOzYedzuKu-00026-00006968-00007195 teachings so i thank you all for coming
+riOzYedzuKu-00027-00007197-00007510 here today as I said my name is master
+riOzYedzuKu-00028-00007511-00008006 Paul Paul Fletcher and as a student on
+riOzYedzuKu-00029-00008006-00008156 world wide representative of dr. and
+riOzYedzuKu-00030-00008156-00008369 Master sha I have the great honor of
+riOzYedzuKu-00031-00008370-00008681 sharing the wisdom and teachings of this
+riOzYedzuKu-00032-00008682-00008906 most incredible being so first I want to
+riOzYedzuKu-00033-00008907-00009035 start by giving you a little background
+riOzYedzuKu-00034-00009036-00009344 of who dr. and Master sha is for all
+riOzYedzuKu-00035-00009345-00009692 those in the room that are new dr. and
+riOzYedzuKu-00036-00009693-00010091 Master sha is a doctor first and
+riOzYedzuKu-00037-00010092-00010499 foremost he is trained as a American
+riOzYedzuKu-00038-00010500-00010717 medical doctor he was trained in China
+riOzYedzuKu-00039-00010718-00010956 and all of the American Medical
+riOzYedzuKu-00040-00010957-00011185 modalities and received his doctorate as
+riOzYedzuKu-00041-00011186-00011492 such he is also a traditional Chinese
+riOzYedzuKu-00042-00011493-00011783 medical doctor so he has two degrees one
+riOzYedzuKu-00043-00011784-00011999 American based medicine one Mandarin
+riOzYedzuKu-00044-00012000-00012242 Chinese based he was also a world-class
+riOzYedzuKu-00045-00012243-00012514 acupuncturist he became as famous as he
+riOzYedzuKu-00046-00012515-00012796 is for a variety of reasons but it
+riOzYedzuKu-00047-00012797-00013021 started many many years ago when he was
+riOzYedzuKu-00048-00013022-00013083 in the Philip
+riOzYedzuKu-00049-00013084-00013430 and he was training underneath one of
+riOzYedzuKu-00050-00013431-00013626 the one of the premier doctors who
+riOzYedzuKu-00051-00013627-00013855 worked for one of the heads of state and
+riOzYedzuKu-00052-00013856-00014127 when that doctor could not resolve
+riOzYedzuKu-00053-00014128-00014376 particular issue a slipped disc in which
+riOzYedzuKu-00054-00014377-00014646 one of the people that worked for this
+riOzYedzuKu-00055-00014647-00014904 premier individual they basically
+riOzYedzuKu-00056-00014905-00015033 couldn't move couldn't get out of bed
+riOzYedzuKu-00057-00015034-00015249 each time he started to move they had
+riOzYedzuKu-00058-00015250-00015549 severe pain and so Master sha who is not
+riOzYedzuKu-00059-00015550-00015747 a master at that time he was just a
+riOzYedzuKu-00060-00015747-00016100 doctor in training he he said can I try
+riOzYedzuKu-00061-00016101-00016397 something and so he did one movement
+riOzYedzuKu-00062-00016398-00016671 with his fingers behind this is a slip
+riOzYedzuKu-00063-00016672-00016994 disc in the back behind this persons me
+riOzYedzuKu-00064-00016995-00017463 and the person screamed in pain and then
+riOzYedzuKu-00065-00017464-00017744 he said master talk told him get up and
+riOzYedzuKu-00066-00017745-00017949 the person thought he was crazy he
+riOzYedzuKu-00067-00017950-00018105 flipped the finger behind his knee and
+riOzYedzuKu-00068-00018106-00018243 he tells him to get up this guy's in
+riOzYedzuKu-00069-00018244-00018483 excruciating pain but he insisted and
+riOzYedzuKu-00070-00018484-00018714 the person got up pain-free no problem
+riOzYedzuKu-00071-00018715-00019074 word spread quite rapidly and dr. Master
+riOzYedzuKu-00072-00019075-00019253 sha then started becoming well-known
+riOzYedzuKu-00073-00019254-00019603 amongst those very important people VIPs
+riOzYedzuKu-00074-00019604-00019827 eventually this led to him getting a
+riOzYedzuKu-00075-00019828-00020127 visa to go to Canada and during that
+riOzYedzuKu-00076-00020128-00020459 time when he was in Canada he got his
+riOzYedzuKu-00077-00020460-00020730 occupant or specialty degree and he
+riOzYedzuKu-00078-00020731-00020978 started a business he was quite famous
+riOzYedzuKu-00079-00020979-00021303 as a one needle acupuncturist he would
+riOzYedzuKu-00080-00021304-00021612 literally see anywhere between 70 and a
+riOzYedzuKu-00081-00021613-00021894 hundred people a day which if you know
+riOzYedzuKu-00082-00021895-00022050 about acupuncture is ten people a day is
+riOzYedzuKu-00083-00022051-00022355 a lot but he was able to to bring about
+riOzYedzuKu-00084-00022356-00022596 such vast resolve in just a very short
+riOzYedzuKu-00085-00022597-00022884 period of time because of the teachings
+riOzYedzuKu-00086-00022885-00023091 that he had been taught brought up in in
+riOzYedzuKu-00087-00023092-00023403 his native country of China so dr. and
+riOzYedzuKu-00088-00023404-00023589 Master sha would would treat people in
+riOzYedzuKu-00089-00023590-00023780 just a few minutes with his spiritual
+riOzYedzuKu-00090-00023781-00023984 third eye he could see the blockage area
+riOzYedzuKu-00091-00023985-00024225 and he could see where in the human body
+riOzYedzuKu-00092-00024226-00024468 that blockage was even if the pain was
+riOzYedzuKu-00093-00024469-00024684 here in the arm he could see that the
+riOzYedzuKu-00094-00024685-00024852 blockage area might have been back here
+riOzYedzuKu-00095-00024853-00025071 somewhere in the spine and he would put
+riOzYedzuKu-00096-00025072-00025250 a needle in the appropriate spots and
+riOzYedzuKu-00097-00025251-00025518 the blockages would clear very rapidly
+riOzYedzuKu-00098-00025519-00025818 so dr. and Master sha has been working
+riOzYedzuKu-00099-00025819-00026019 for the last one years to become
+riOzYedzuKu-00100-00026020-00026130 recognized
+riOzYedzuKu-00101-00026131-00026367 he started writing his first book now he
+riOzYedzuKu-00102-00026368-00026748 has over 20 and of those 2011 are now
+riOzYedzuKu-00103-00026749-00027060 New York time bestsellers think about
+riOzYedzuKu-00104-00027061-00027237 that how many people can you think of
+riOzYedzuKu-00105-00027238-00027498 even have two or three New York time
+riOzYedzuKu-00106-00027499-00027845 bestsellers let alone 10 11 New York
+riOzYedzuKu-00107-00027847-00028242 time bestsellers then these are all in
+riOzYedzuKu-00108-00028243-00028593 nonfiction so he is teaching people how
+riOzYedzuKu-00109-00028594-00028989 to heal themselves Master sha started
+riOzYedzuKu-00110-00028989-00029183 out as a young child at the age of six
+riOzYedzuKu-00111-00029185-00029493 and at the age of six she started
+riOzYedzuKu-00112-00029494-00029708 training with the Thai tea master in the
+riOzYedzuKu-00113-00029710-00029994 park near his home he saw with you know
+riOzYedzuKu-00114-00029995-00030177 the little the the eyes of a little
+riOzYedzuKu-00115-00030177-00030423 six-year-old wide open and he sees his
+riOzYedzuKu-00116-00030424-00030618 Tai Chi master having the students
+riOzYedzuKu-00117-00030619-00030908 attack him and he does this just a very
+riOzYedzuKu-00118-00030910-00031185 beautiful movement and the students fly
+riOzYedzuKu-00119-00031186-00031254 off
+riOzYedzuKu-00120-00031255-00031421 he doesn't even physically touch them
+riOzYedzuKu-00121-00031422-00031749 the energy movement in itself causes the
+riOzYedzuKu-00122-00031750-00031974 students to fly away you can imagine a
+riOzYedzuKu-00123-00031975-00032189 six-year-old watching this going oh my
+riOzYedzuKu-00124-00032191-00032436 goodness what is this is incredible
+riOzYedzuKu-00125-00032437-00032790 so dr. and Master sha started at such a
+riOzYedzuKu-00126-00032791-00033069 young age learning the martial arts the
+riOzYedzuKu-00127-00033070-00033527 healing arts and the arts of energy he
+riOzYedzuKu-00128-00033528-00033863 then at the about the age of 10 or 11
+riOzYedzuKu-00129-00033864-00034206 had mastered in essence Tai Chi and then
+riOzYedzuKu-00130-00034207-00034443 he moved forward in his journey to chi
+riOzYedzuKu-00131-00034444-00034659 gong he became a Shaolin monk for a
+riOzYedzuKu-00132-00034660-00034983 period of time he then went and became a
+riOzYedzuKu-00133-00034984-00035208 Fung Shui master as well training under
+riOzYedzuKu-00134-00035209-00035552 the number one function master in all of
+riOzYedzuKu-00135-00035553-00035871 China extremely well respected master so
+riOzYedzuKu-00136-00035872-00036168 he received a Grand Master in all of
+riOzYedzuKu-00137-00036169-00036590 these modalities in 2002 out of well
+riOzYedzuKu-00138-00036591-00036876 over 10,000 Qigong masters recognized
+riOzYedzuKu-00139-00036877-00037221 around the world he was number one 2000
+riOzYedzuKu-00140-00037222-00037634 2002 World Congress fifth World Congress
+riOzYedzuKu-00141-00037635-00038027 voted chi gong master of the year this
+riOzYedzuKu-00142-00038028-00038250 was before he became what's called a
+riOzYedzuKu-00143-00038251-00038724 divine Channel in 2003 the divine came
+riOzYedzuKu-00144-00038725-00038973 to Master sha and he said to him my son
+riOzYedzuKu-00145-00038974-00039233 you have served humanity very well you
+riOzYedzuKu-00146-00039234-00039399 have a pure heart you have a heartless
+riOzYedzuKu-00147-00039400-00039467 service I'd
+riOzYedzuKu-00148-00039468-00039811 like to make you my divine channel
+riOzYedzuKu-00149-00039812-00040052 master Shah and his own words said I am
+riOzYedzuKu-00150-00040053-00040367 honored God what is a divine channel and
+riOzYedzuKu-00151-00040368-00040745 what does that mean and at that time dr.
+riOzYedzuKu-00152-00040746-00041276 master Shah was very very good at
+riOzYedzuKu-00153-00041277-00041465 healing people but he didn't know what
+riOzYedzuKu-00154-00041466-00041827 divine healing was and so at that time
+riOzYedzuKu-00155-00041828-00042083 when when he was asked to become a
+riOzYedzuKu-00156-00042084-00042352 divine Channel they were in a room of
+riOzYedzuKu-00157-00042353-00042749 many hundred people and so the divine
+riOzYedzuKu-00158-00042750-00042941 hole didn't find someone who was very
+riOzYedzuKu-00159-00042942-00043160 sick and he found the German had just
+riOzYedzuKu-00160-00043161-00043376 been diagnosed with cancer
+riOzYedzuKu-00161-00043377-00043664 I should know what stage it was at this
+riOzYedzuKu-00162-00043665-00043886 time I don't know I don't believe it was
+riOzYedzuKu-00163-00043887-00044072 Stage four but I could be wrong I do
+riOzYedzuKu-00164-00044073-00044315 remember it was about five centimeters
+riOzYedzuKu-00165-00044316-00044636 long and at that time Master sha said
+riOzYedzuKu-00166-00044637-00044855 dear divine what should I do next and he
+riOzYedzuKu-00167-00044856-00045158 said give an order and then I will send
+riOzYedzuKu-00168-00045159-00045410 something from my heart to him to bring
+riOzYedzuKu-00169-00045411-00045674 healing to him and so master Shah said
+riOzYedzuKu-00170-00045675-00045971 transmission which we've come to find
+riOzYedzuKu-00171-00045972-00046181 out as a divine order and at that time
+riOzYedzuKu-00172-00046182-00046410 he saw from the Divine's heart a light
+riOzYedzuKu-00173-00046411-00046616 ball going to this gentleman Walter's
+riOzYedzuKu-00174-00046617-00046967 liver and he said okay what now and he
+riOzYedzuKu-00175-00046968-00047204 said tell Walter to chant divine liver
+riOzYedzuKu-00176-00047205-00047462 and if he chants two hours a day for the
+riOzYedzuKu-00177-00047463-00047618 next couple of months he has a
+riOzYedzuKu-00178-00047619-00047819 possibility of completely healing his
+riOzYedzuKu-00179-00047820-00048086 liver I'm happy to report that every
+riOzYedzuKu-00180-00048087-00048257 year Walter returns to see master Shawn
+riOzYedzuKu-00181-00048258-00048452 when he comes into town and it's been
+riOzYedzuKu-00182-00048453-00048821 about 16 years now about an actually
+riOzYedzuKu-00183-00048822-00048986 little bit less about 15 years and
+riOzYedzuKu-00184-00048987-00049304 Walter is still cancer-free so this is
+riOzYedzuKu-00185-00049305-00049460 an example hi come on in
+riOzYedzuKu-00186-00049461-00049796 good to see you John and so this is now
+riOzYedzuKu-00187-00049797-00050135 an example of dr. and Master sha
+riOzYedzuKu-00188-00050136-00050438 becoming a divine channel in 2003 now
+riOzYedzuKu-00189-00050439-00050594 since then that's when he started
+riOzYedzuKu-00190-00050595-00050720 writing all of the books that he's
+riOzYedzuKu-00191-00050721-00050972 written today what I'll be talking to
+riOzYedzuKu-00192-00050973-00051374 you about is the fourth soul house what
+riOzYedzuKu-00193-00051375-00051791 is also known as a fourth chakra and in
+riOzYedzuKu-00194-00051792-00052074 many of the teachings it is also called
+riOzYedzuKu-00195-00052075-00052157 the heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00196-00052158-00052481 so this teaching comes from one of many
+riOzYedzuKu-00197-00052482-00052722 books that dr. and Master sha
+riOzYedzuKu-00198-00052723-00052991 has written he tends to repeat the most
+riOzYedzuKu-00199-00052992-00053169 important stuff so this is maybe the
+riOzYedzuKu-00200-00053170-00053313 third time he's spoken about it and this
+riOzYedzuKu-00201-00053314-00053612 one is called doubt song in doubt dance
+riOzYedzuKu-00202-00053613-00054075 now I'd like to start by what is the
+riOzYedzuKu-00203-00054076-00054416 heart chakra so for those of you in the
+riOzYedzuKu-00204-00054417-00054915 room I will write forward because you
+riOzYedzuKu-00205-00054916-00055071 can read that but those of you online it
+riOzYedzuKu-00206-00055072-00055296 looks backwards so I will write it
+riOzYedzuKu-00207-00055297-00055803 backwards for you this is called a heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00208-00055804-00056685 chakra what is a heart chakra it is an
+riOzYedzuKu-00209-00056686-00057017 energy center in the human body there
+riOzYedzuKu-00210-00057019-00057195 has been mapped out over the course of
+riOzYedzuKu-00211-00057196-00058026 time seven major centers in the body now
+riOzYedzuKu-00212-00058027-00058292 it is one of these seven major centers
+riOzYedzuKu-00213-00058294-00058545 it is located if you look at the body
+riOzYedzuKu-00214-00058546-00059226 see if I get this on the image here it
+riOzYedzuKu-00215-00059227-00059547 is located midway in the center of the
+riOzYedzuKu-00216-00059548-00059717 body approximately two and a half inches
+riOzYedzuKu-00217-00059719-00059976 inside the body and it is fist sized so
+riOzYedzuKu-00218-00059977-00060191 the size of your fist is the size of
+riOzYedzuKu-00219-00060192-00060603 this energy center now it has so many
+riOzYedzuKu-00220-00060604-00060789 important aspects to it I'm going to
+riOzYedzuKu-00221-00060790-00060999 read some of those things that ma sha
+riOzYedzuKu-00222-00061000-00061248 sha has indicated about the power and
+riOzYedzuKu-00223-00061249-00061647 significance of this heart chakra in his
+riOzYedzuKu-00224-00061648-00061851 teachings he refers to it by the way as
+riOzYedzuKu-00225-00061852-00062259 a soul house now if you had attended my
+riOzYedzuKu-00226-00062260-00062499 teachings earlier in the week I spoke
+riOzYedzuKu-00227-00062500-00062658 about the first in the second soul house
+riOzYedzuKu-00228-00062659-00062930 I spoke a little bit more about what a
+riOzYedzuKu-00229-00062932-00063159 soul house is I'm not going to go back
+riOzYedzuKu-00230-00063160-00063384 into that teaching today but fourth
+riOzYedzuKu-00231-00063385-00063516 chakra and soul house the same
+riOzYedzuKu-00232-00063516-00063786 terminology same result different way of
+riOzYedzuKu-00233-00063787-00064091 stating it so he says in his book on
+riOzYedzuKu-00234-00064092-00064407 page 120 if you have this book the 4-cyl
+riOzYedzuKu-00235-00064408-00064683 house is very significant this little
+riOzYedzuKu-00236-00064684-00065028 house is the key for empowering healing
+riOzYedzuKu-00237-00065029-00065342 and rejuvenating the fire element the
+riOzYedzuKu-00238-00065344-00065694 metal element and the earth element now
+riOzYedzuKu-00239-00065695-00065862 that's a teaching that I've given in the
+riOzYedzuKu-00240-00065863-00065972 past and I make
+riOzYedzuKu-00241-00065973-00066128 continue to offer more information on
+riOzYedzuKu-00242-00066129-00066422 those in the future but will come around
+riOzYedzuKu-00243-00066423-00066566 to those more in this particular
+riOzYedzuKu-00244-00066567-00066862 teaching the fire element includes the
+riOzYedzuKu-00245-00066863-00067211 heart the small intestine are the yin
+riOzYedzuKu-00246-00067212-00067568 and yang organs the tongue the blood
+riOzYedzuKu-00247-00067569-00067961 vessels including large and small
+riOzYedzuKu-00248-00067962-00068581 arteries capillary system and the small
+riOzYedzuKu-00249-00068582-00068818 and large veins so that's the fire
+riOzYedzuKu-00250-00068819-00069029 elements so what they're saying is when
+riOzYedzuKu-00251-00069030-00069293 we bring energy healing into this area
+riOzYedzuKu-00252-00069294-00069584 we're impacting all of those parts of
+riOzYedzuKu-00253-00069585-00069899 your body the fire element also connects
+riOzYedzuKu-00254-00069900-00070043 with the emotional condition of
+riOzYedzuKu-00255-00070044-00070357 depression and anxiety how many of you
+riOzYedzuKu-00256-00070358-00070576 have that happening in your world how
+riOzYedzuKu-00257-00070577-00070835 many people know somebody who is anxious
+riOzYedzuKu-00258-00070836-00071131 or has depression conditions okay most
+riOzYedzuKu-00259-00071132-00071360 of us do and we can teach them this
+riOzYedzuKu-00260-00071361-00071488 simple practice we're going to be doing
+riOzYedzuKu-00261-00071489-00071912 here today the metal element is another
+riOzYedzuKu-00262-00071913-00072100 element that Master sha says is impacted
+riOzYedzuKu-00263-00072101-00072319 by this practice for the fourth soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00264-00072320-00072521 house fourth chakra he goes on to
+riOzYedzuKu-00265-00072522-00072698 describe that the metal element includes
+riOzYedzuKu-00266-00072699-00073022 the lungs the large intestine which when
+riOzYedzuKu-00267-00073023-00073190 he says those in the order the lungs is
+riOzYedzuKu-00268-00073191-00073387 the yin organ the large intestine is the
+riOzYedzuKu-00269-00073388-00073576 yang organ they're called paired organs
+riOzYedzuKu-00270-00073577-00073793 meaning if one is out of balance it
+riOzYedzuKu-00271-00073794-00073975 impacts the other so if you have
+riOzYedzuKu-00272-00073976-00074153 consistent lung issues that will impact
+riOzYedzuKu-00273-00074154-00074468 your large intestine and vice versa so
+riOzYedzuKu-00274-00074469-00074705 the lungs large intestine the skin the
+riOzYedzuKu-00275-00074706-00074930 nose in the physical body and it
+riOzYedzuKu-00276-00074931-00075181 connects with the emotion of grief and
+riOzYedzuKu-00277-00075182-00075957 sadness
+riOzYedzuKu-00278-00075958-00076197 the earth element is the third element
+riOzYedzuKu-00279-00076198-00076332 that he speaks of that has an
+riOzYedzuKu-00280-00076333-00076755 association with this energy center and
+riOzYedzuKu-00281-00076756-00076947 he goes on to say that the earth element
+riOzYedzuKu-00282-00076948-00077294 includes the spleen the stomach the
+riOzYedzuKu-00283-00077295-00077511 mouth the lips the gums and the teeth
+riOzYedzuKu-00284-00077512-00077894 and the muscles in the physical body and
+riOzYedzuKu-00285-00077895-00078356 it's connected with the emotion of worry
+riOzYedzuKu-00286-00078357-00078681 in the emotional body the forceful house
+riOzYedzuKu-00287-00078682-00078873 is also the key soul house for a healing
+riOzYedzuKu-00288-00078874-00079098 and rejuvenation of the circulatory
+riOzYedzuKu-00289-00079099-00079386 system the respiratory system the
+riOzYedzuKu-00290-00079387-00079662 lymphatic system and the digestive
+riOzYedzuKu-00291-00079663-00079988 system that's not a small thing guys the
+riOzYedzuKu-00292-00079989-00080184 respiratory system again that's the
+riOzYedzuKu-00293-00080185-00080369 metal element lungs the circulatory
+riOzYedzuKu-00294-00080370-00080694 system fire element heart the lymphatic
+riOzYedzuKu-00295-00080695-00080871 system that's the cleansing system
+riOzYedzuKu-00296-00080872-00081081 associated with the spleen that's the
+riOzYedzuKu-00297-00081082-00081342 earth element so these huge systems that
+riOzYedzuKu-00298-00081343-00081621 digestive system is also associated he
+riOzYedzuKu-00299-00081622-00081762 goes on to say that the four soul house
+riOzYedzuKu-00300-00081763-00082134 is also the key soil for empowering the
+riOzYedzuKu-00301-00082135-00082398 message sensor that's the first time
+riOzYedzuKu-00302-00082399-00082524 you've heard that word today you've
+riOzYedzuKu-00303-00082525-00082725 heard me say four soul house you've
+riOzYedzuKu-00304-00082726-00082992 heard me say fourth chakra but in the
+riOzYedzuKu-00305-00082993-00083142 teachings that master sha has taught
+riOzYedzuKu-00306-00083143-00083496 since he began he learned it as what's
+riOzYedzuKu-00307-00083497-00083754 called the message center do you know
+riOzYedzuKu-00308-00083755-00083943 why any idea John why it's called the
+riOzYedzuKu-00309-00083944-00084588 message center there's a mailbox there
+riOzYedzuKu-00310-00084589-00084915 it's true good response we receive
+riOzYedzuKu-00311-00084916-00085296 information in this center it is the
+riOzYedzuKu-00312-00085297-00085485 center through which heaven communicates
+riOzYedzuKu-00313-00085486-00085737 to us the heart center when our heart is
+riOzYedzuKu-00314-00085738-00085994 open we can receive much better the
+riOzYedzuKu-00315-00085995-00086199 information is much clearer so we
+riOzYedzuKu-00316-00086200-00086511 receive clear profound messages very
+riOzYedzuKu-00317-00086512-00086973 good answer John so this is also the
+riOzYedzuKu-00318-00086974-00087123 center that's associated with the
+riOzYedzuKu-00319-00087124-00087518 release of soil language soul song it is
+riOzYedzuKu-00320-00087519-00087696 the center it is a healing sense the
+riOzYedzuKu-00321-00087697-00088013 love center the forgiveness center it is
+riOzYedzuKu-00322-00088014-00088374 the Center for compassion and light and
+riOzYedzuKu-00323-00088375-00088682 the transformation Center and most
+riOzYedzuKu-00324-00088683-00089095 importantly it is the Center for soul in
+riOzYedzuKu-00325-00089096-00089368 lighten meds soul enlighten is an
+riOzYedzuKu-00326-00089369-00089617 entirely different subject and I think
+riOzYedzuKu-00327-00089618-00089737 as I talked about it out loud
+riOzYedzuKu-00328-00089738-00089935 I will definitely teach just on that
+riOzYedzuKu-00329-00089936-00090115 subject based on master Sha's teachings
+riOzYedzuKu-00330-00090116-00090571 I'll give it an entire show so the soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00331-00090572-00090862 house is a sacred power house for
+riOzYedzuKu-00332-00090863-00091129 expression and speaking truth that's
+riOzYedzuKu-00333-00091130-00091333 what this whole house express expression
+riOzYedzuKu-00334-00091334-00091729 and speaking truth it is the power house
+riOzYedzuKu-00335-00091730-00091945 for developing the DAO song of the DAO
+riOzYedzuKu-00336-00091946-00092319 presence for the DAO song power of
+riOzYedzuKu-00337-00092320-00092496 breath
+riOzYedzuKu-00338-00092497-00092740 the fuller soul house is the power house
+riOzYedzuKu-00339-00092741-00092926 for developing your vital energy and
+riOzYedzuKu-00340-00092927-00093283 life force it is and you can apply this
+riOzYedzuKu-00341-00093284-00093613 to self clear so mind-body blockages on
+riOzYedzuKu-00342-00093614-00093856 all levels now that took me a while to
+riOzYedzuKu-00343-00093857-00094087 read all that I expand it a little bit
+riOzYedzuKu-00344-00094088-00094327 but it goes to show you just how
+riOzYedzuKu-00345-00094328-00094729 powerful this particular Center and the
+riOzYedzuKu-00346-00094730-00095056 body is now it is one of three what
+riOzYedzuKu-00347-00095057-00095263 master shot refers to his foundational
+riOzYedzuKu-00348-00095264-00095527 energy sensors so one of them and I'm
+riOzYedzuKu-00349-00095528-00095653 not going to go into deep teachings on
+riOzYedzuKu-00350-00095654-00095833 this but one of them is the heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00351-00095834-00096181 the other is the lower Dan Tien on
+riOzYedzuKu-00352-00096182-00096388 Tuesday we talked about that in relation
+riOzYedzuKu-00353-00096389-00096682 to the second soul house and then the
+riOzYedzuKu-00354-00096683-00097072 third one is the Kundalini min min area
+riOzYedzuKu-00355-00097073-00097456 also known as the in the DAO teachings
+riOzYedzuKu-00356-00097457-00098301 it is called the
+riOzYedzuKu-00357-00098302-00098509 others like three different names for it
+riOzYedzuKu-00358-00098510-00098644 anyway going through a we call that a
+riOzYedzuKu-00359-00098645-00099022 brain fart moving on so the heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00360-00099023-00099400 is the most important Center for all of
+riOzYedzuKu-00361-00099401-00099835 these aspects when we have almost any
+riOzYedzuKu-00362-00099836-00100039 kind of issue happening in our life any
+riOzYedzuKu-00363-00100040-00100417 emotion when we have a lack of 30 of
+riOzYedzuKu-00364-00100418-00100671 thoughts heart and brain are connected
+riOzYedzuKu-00365-00100672-00101269 when we have low energy why it's connect
+riOzYedzuKu-00366-00101270-00101440 to our lymphatic system our circulatory
+riOzYedzuKu-00367-00101441-00101605 system it connects to our digestive
+riOzYedzuKu-00368-00101606-00101782 system which helps create our energy all
+riOzYedzuKu-00369-00101783-00102043 of these are interconnected so taking
+riOzYedzuKu-00370-00102044-00102238 the time to do this practice so we're
+riOzYedzuKu-00371-00102239-00102535 going to do today 15 minutes a day could
+riOzYedzuKu-00372-00102536-00102960 have a significant impact on your life
+riOzYedzuKu-00373-00102961-00103210 so what are the practices we're going to
+riOzYedzuKu-00374-00103211-00103708 employ the four powers now for those of
+riOzYedzuKu-00375-00103709-00104151 you that are new the four powers are
+riOzYedzuKu-00376-00104152-00105240 body power body power mind power
+riOzYedzuKu-00377-00105241-00105863 sound power
+riOzYedzuKu-00378-00105864-00106410 and soul power
+riOzYedzuKu-00379-00106411-00106684 writing upside down and backwards not so
+riOzYedzuKu-00380-00106685-00106880 easy but it's fun good for the brain
+riOzYedzuKu-00381-00106881-00107204 okay body power mind power sound power
+riOzYedzuKu-00382-00107205-00107764 soul power body power for this practice
+riOzYedzuKu-00383-00107765-00107972 go ahead and place your one hand in
+riOzYedzuKu-00384-00107973-00108211 front of you now you can switch hands
+riOzYedzuKu-00385-00108213-00108436 it's okay sometimes one arm gets tired
+riOzYedzuKu-00386-00108438-00108650 and then halfway through the practice
+riOzYedzuKu-00387-00108651-00108818 you can switch that's fine
+riOzYedzuKu-00388-00108819-00109043 place the free hand is comfortable to
+riOzYedzuKu-00389-00109044-00109336 you over your heart center now your
+riOzYedzuKu-00390-00109338-00109565 heart is to the left of your ribcage the
+riOzYedzuKu-00391-00109566-00109735 heart center is actually in the middle
+riOzYedzuKu-00392-00109736-00109889 roughly two and a half inches inside
+riOzYedzuKu-00393-00109890-00110099 your body right over the chest plate
+riOzYedzuKu-00394-00110100-00110324 okay so place your hand there now you
+riOzYedzuKu-00395-00110325-00110570 never place your hands stiff you don't
+riOzYedzuKu-00396-00110571-00110726 want to push up against your chest
+riOzYedzuKu-00397-00110727-00110876 because then you're blocking the flow of
+riOzYedzuKu-00398-00110877-00111074 energy it's just gently cupped and
+riOzYedzuKu-00399-00111075-00111332 gently relaxed the other palm again
+riOzYedzuKu-00400-00111333-00111542 relaxed goes over your lower abdomen I
+riOzYedzuKu-00401-00111543-00111830 like to rest my knuckle in my belly
+riOzYedzuKu-00402-00111831-00112016 button and then just gently drop the
+riOzYedzuKu-00403-00112017-00112265 rest of my palm both arms are relaxed if
+riOzYedzuKu-00404-00112266-00112459 you're standing then you would have your
+riOzYedzuKu-00405-00112460-00112633 knees slightly bent if you're sitting
+riOzYedzuKu-00406-00112634-00112781 down please bring your back away from
+riOzYedzuKu-00407-00112782-00113018 the back of the chair let's allow for
+riOzYedzuKu-00408-00113019-00113279 the flow of energy to have the full
+riOzYedzuKu-00409-00113280-00113474 effect so this is your body posture or
+riOzYedzuKu-00410-00113475-00113669 what's known as body power this allows
+riOzYedzuKu-00411-00113670-00113893 for the greatest flow of healing and
+riOzYedzuKu-00412-00113894-00114194 energy I wanna take a moment to
+riOzYedzuKu-00413-00114195-00114358 acknowledge everybody that's let's come
+riOzYedzuKu-00414-00114359-00114557 online that is watching on facebook
+riOzYedzuKu-00415-00114558-00114866 livestream I've seen you all come on and
+riOzYedzuKu-00416-00114867-00115121 I wish to say thank you for coming I
+riOzYedzuKu-00417-00115122-00115316 would respond to you all individually
+riOzYedzuKu-00418-00115317-00115558 but I'm focusing on the classroom as
+riOzYedzuKu-00419-00115559-00115708 well at this time so thank you for
+riOzYedzuKu-00420-00115709-00116161 joining so the next power mind power
+riOzYedzuKu-00421-00116163-00116536 mind power is create a visualization
+riOzYedzuKu-00422-00116538-00116756 that is the one sentence secret so the
+riOzYedzuKu-00423-00116757-00117116 simplest mind power it is rising golden
+riOzYedzuKu-00424-00117117-00117398 light in our heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00425-00117399-00117590 okay golden light and you visualize that
+riOzYedzuKu-00426-00117591-00117950 coming in from 360 degrees I like to see
+riOzYedzuKu-00427-00117951-00118220 it spinning and shooting off anything
+riOzYedzuKu-00428-00118221-00118580 that is not pure golden light that would
+riOzYedzuKu-00429-00118581-00118823 be your mind power sound power we're
+riOzYedzuKu-00430-00118824-00119105 going to use the word aah-aah-aah
+riOzYedzuKu-00431-00119106-00119330 just like the doctor says open your
+riOzYedzuKu-00432-00119331-00119550 mouth and say ah that's the sound
+riOzYedzuKu-00433-00119551-00120006 power ah yah yah yah yah just like we
+riOzYedzuKu-00434-00120007-00120273 did on Monday and Tuesday and you're
+riOzYedzuKu-00435-00120274-00120507 going to hear me change that i io Dow
+riOzYedzuKu-00436-00120508-00120843 - aye aye yo Joan which means core of
+riOzYedzuKu-00437-00120844-00120906 your body
+riOzYedzuKu-00438-00120907-00121329 yo yo Ling Ling means soul yo yo Shu
+riOzYedzuKu-00439-00121330-00121511 shus emptiness
+riOzYedzuKu-00440-00121513-00121926 yo yo Kohn KO ng which is ultimate
+riOzYedzuKu-00441-00121927-00122261 emptiness and so I will lead you in that
+riOzYedzuKu-00442-00122263-00122469 don't worry about that but that's the
+riOzYedzuKu-00443-00122470-00122619 sound power they're going to go through
+riOzYedzuKu-00444-00122620-00122982 the soul power is the most important for
+riOzYedzuKu-00445-00122983-00123123 those of you that are new in the room
+riOzYedzuKu-00446-00123124-00123501 soul power is saying hello dr. Master
+riOzYedzuKu-00447-00123502-00123720 sha touches a basic teaching that
+riOzYedzuKu-00448-00123721-00123903 everything has spirit in it therefore
+riOzYedzuKu-00449-00123904-00124107 everything has sold and when you connect
+riOzYedzuKu-00450-00124108-00124341 at that level then you are connecting at
+riOzYedzuKu-00451-00124342-00124508 the highest level and giving everything
+riOzYedzuKu-00452-00124509-00124848 a chance to transform if we have
+riOzYedzuKu-00453-00124849-00125094 blockages in our message center in our
+riOzYedzuKu-00454-00125095-00125496 heart center then our heart has a soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00455-00125497-00125667 our heart has spirit how many people
+riOzYedzuKu-00456-00125668-00125856 have low spirit here right you can tell
+riOzYedzuKu-00457-00125857-00126035 they have low spirit other people are
+riOzYedzuKu-00458-00126036-00126267 bright cheery wonderful there they don't
+riOzYedzuKu-00459-00126268-00126479 have anxiety they don't have depression
+riOzYedzuKu-00460-00126480-00126897 so we definitely know that the heart has
+riOzYedzuKu-00461-00126898-00127077 a soul and we want to connect to that
+riOzYedzuKu-00462-00127078-00127344 directly it's called saying hello so
+riOzYedzuKu-00463-00127345-00127641 repeat after me dear the soul of my
+riOzYedzuKu-00464-00127642-00127877 heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00465-00127878-00128402 repeat dear the soul of my heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00466-00128403-00129008 my message center I love you thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00467-00129009-00129308 for your service you have kept me alive
+riOzYedzuKu-00468-00129308-00129645 you have brought me energy and you have
+riOzYedzuKu-00469-00129646-00129958 helped me be the great person I am today
+riOzYedzuKu-00470-00129959-00130548 thank you you have the ability to heal
+riOzYedzuKu-00471-00130549-00130905 yourself clear blockages in my message
+riOzYedzuKu-00472-00130906-00131408 center and help me to become more loving
+riOzYedzuKu-00473-00131409-00131964 kind compassionate and healthier please
+riOzYedzuKu-00474-00131965-00132423 do a good job thank you thank you thank
+riOzYedzuKu-00475-00132424-00132723 you so this is soul communication with a
+riOzYedzuKu-00476-00132724-00132909 heart now we're also taught
+riOzYedzuKu-00477-00132910-00133125 that the souls outside of us always want
+riOzYedzuKu-00478-00133126-00133401 to serve so we know God we know Jesus we
+riOzYedzuKu-00479-00133402-00133623 know Buddha many many beautiful souls
+riOzYedzuKu-00480-00133624-00133761 all of our spiritual mothers and fathers
+riOzYedzuKu-00481-00133762-00134037 we ask them to come to serve also so
+riOzYedzuKu-00482-00134038-00134448 repeat after me dear God dear Jesus
+riOzYedzuKu-00483-00134449-00134843 mother Mary dear Buddha dear Guanyin all
+riOzYedzuKu-00484-00134844-00135234 mothers and fathers that wish to come to
+riOzYedzuKu-00485-00135235-00135588 help to bless me to heal and rejuvenate
+riOzYedzuKu-00486-00135589-00135894 my heart center could you please come I
+riOzYedzuKu-00487-00135895-00136308 am very very grateful thank you thank
+riOzYedzuKu-00488-00136309-00136427 you thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00489-00136428-00136743 so inner soles and outer soles we can
+riOzYedzuKu-00490-00136744-00137061 connect to both of them this is the for
+riOzYedzuKu-00491-00137062-00137264 soul this is the for powers this is the
+riOzYedzuKu-00492-00137265-00137526 foundation of master Sha's teaching body
+riOzYedzuKu-00493-00137527-00137736 power mind power sound power soul power
+riOzYedzuKu-00494-00137737-00138014 when we do them together we get far
+riOzYedzuKu-00495-00138015-00138300 greater healing than individually okay
+riOzYedzuKu-00496-00138301-00138513 so let's put our hands where we were
+riOzYedzuKu-00497-00138514-00138732 just taught close your eyes
+riOzYedzuKu-00498-00138733-00138987 visualize the golden light in your heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00499-00138988-00139326 center we will chant ah yo yo dau seeing
+riOzYedzuKu-00500-00139327-00139574 the light coming it from 360 degrees
+riOzYedzuKu-00501-00139575-00139964 healing and boosting this area let us
+riOzYedzuKu-00502-00139965-00140025 begin
+riOzYedzuKu-00503-00140026-00140726 yo yo da you'll get used to the tune ah
+riOzYedzuKu-00504-00140727-00141215 ah ah
+riOzYedzuKu-00505-00141216-00142634 ah you down yeah you down I are you down
+riOzYedzuKu-00506-00142635-00143391 I uh yah yah
+riOzYedzuKu-00507-00143392-00143968 ah you down
+riOzYedzuKu-00508-00143969-00145837 yeah you hi yo yo yo uh yeah yo
+riOzYedzuKu-00509-00145838-00146664 yo yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00510-00146665-00147959 down Ohio down hi-yah
+riOzYedzuKu-00511-00147960-00148776 I go down yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00512-00148777-00149156 you
+riOzYedzuKu-00513-00149157-00150203 yo yo yo
+riOzYedzuKu-00514-00150204-00151264 I go down
+riOzYedzuKu-00515-00151265-00152511 Oh aye aye aye aye ah yah yah
+riOzYedzuKu-00516-00152512-00153819 ah yo down yeah you down and now chat i
+riOzYedzuKu-00517-00153820-00154122 io Joan everything is the same continue
+riOzYedzuKu-00518-00154123-00155138 to visualize III John III Oh Jang Hye
+riOzYedzuKu-00520-00158734-00158844 John
+riOzYedzuKu-00521-00158845-00160022 jo and g io jang hyeon-tae Oh Jo
+riOzYedzuKu-00522-00160023-00160819 oh yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00523-00160820-00161034 you
+riOzYedzuKu-00524-00161035-00163538 tongue aye aye aye aye aye aye oh yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00525-00163539-00163881 and now with your eyes closed I will
+riOzYedzuKu-00526-00163882-00164121 lead you through a forgiveness practice
+riOzYedzuKu-00527-00164122-00164409 the reason we have blockages in our
+riOzYedzuKu-00528-00164410-00164667 heart center is because we may have done
+riOzYedzuKu-00529-00164668-00164943 unpleasant things to others in this
+riOzYedzuKu-00530-00164944-00165069 another time
+riOzYedzuKu-00531-00165070-00165363 we may have ancestors that have done
+riOzYedzuKu-00532-00165364-00165609 unpleasant things to others so please
+riOzYedzuKu-00533-00165610-00165786 follow and repeat after me
+riOzYedzuKu-00534-00165787-00166044 in this forgiveness practice remembering
+riOzYedzuKu-00535-00166045-00166248 it's not the amount of time that you do
+riOzYedzuKu-00536-00166249-00166440 the forgiveness practice it is the
+riOzYedzuKu-00537-00166441-00166779 authenticity of your heart so please
+riOzYedzuKu-00538-00166780-00167357 follow this they're all souls please
+riOzYedzuKu-00539-00167358-00167973 forgive me and my ancestors if we have
+riOzYedzuKu-00540-00167974-00168405 brought harm or suffering to you in any
+riOzYedzuKu-00541-00168406-00168875 way if we have caused you to suffer
+riOzYedzuKu-00542-00168876-00169290 physically if we have created emotions
+riOzYedzuKu-00543-00169291-00169683 of depression and anxiety through our
+riOzYedzuKu-00544-00169684-00170132 wrong thoughts and words and actions if
+riOzYedzuKu-00545-00170133-00170772 we have caused you to have strife suffer
+riOzYedzuKu-00546-00170773-00171153 in your mind if we have created
+riOzYedzuKu-00547-00171154-00171627 hardships because of our closed hearts
+riOzYedzuKu-00548-00171628-00172292 lack of compassion and love lack of
+riOzYedzuKu-00549-00172293-00172632 forgiveness and light
+riOzYedzuKu-00550-00172633-00173159 I truly truly deeply deeply apologize I
+riOzYedzuKu-00551-00173160-00173551 know that to apologize is not enough
+riOzYedzuKu-00552-00173552-00173988 that you have been harmed but I will
+riOzYedzuKu-00553-00173989-00174450 continue to serve and to ask for your
+riOzYedzuKu-00554-00174451-00174791 forgiveness because I have learned my
+riOzYedzuKu-00555-00174792-00175223 lessons I truly appreciate the
+riOzYedzuKu-00556-00175224-00175596 opportunity to receive your forgiveness
+riOzYedzuKu-00557-00175597-00176034 if you have brought harm or suffering to
+riOzYedzuKu-00558-00176035-00176654 me or my ancestors in any way whether it
+riOzYedzuKu-00559-00176655-00177188 is new or if you are reminding us of the
+riOzYedzuKu-00560-00177189-00177582 suffering we brought upon you regardless
+riOzYedzuKu-00561-00177583-00178151 I release you of any karmic debt to me I
+riOzYedzuKu-00562-00178152-00178577 wish only to move forward in love and
+riOzYedzuKu-00563-00178578-00179082 light and to serve humanity I forgive
+riOzYedzuKu-00564-00179083-00179519 you please forgive me
+riOzYedzuKu-00565-00179520-00180077 let us continue to chant thou excuse me
+riOzYedzuKu-00566-00180078-00180464 ah yah yah Ling Ling is soul with love
+riOzYedzuKu-00567-00180465-00180708 in your heart offering your greatest
+riOzYedzuKu-00568-00180709-00180851 forgiveness to all those souls that
+riOzYedzuKu-00569-00180852-00181146 might have been harmed by your ancestors
+riOzYedzuKu-00570-00181147-00182347 I only only hi yo Lee
+riOzYedzuKu-00571-00182348-00182829 hi Olli Olli
+riOzYedzuKu-00572-00182830-00183271 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00573-00183272-00183607 [Laughter]
+riOzYedzuKu-00574-00183608-00184767 hi Olli I are you ruling hi Olli
+riOzYedzuKu-00575-00184768-00185248 why are you leaving
+riOzYedzuKu-00576-00185249-00186046 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00577-00186047-00186490 aye aye aye
+riOzYedzuKu-00578-00186491-00187237 are you ruling haihaya hooli
+riOzYedzuKu-00579-00187238-00188364 Oh Yoli yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00580-00188365-00189580 all aye aye aye aye aye yo Lee
+riOzYedzuKu-00581-00189581-00190707 ah yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00582-00190708-00192117 i I only ruling I only
+riOzYedzuKu-00583-00192118-00193567 yo Lee Jung chanting silently I will
+riOzYedzuKu-00584-00193568-00193864 offer you a description of what is
+riOzYedzuKu-00585-00193865-00194104 happening as you're continuing to chant
+riOzYedzuKu-00586-00194105-00194974 a yo Ling at this time everyone who has
+riOzYedzuKu-00587-00194975-00195613 joined this conference has a huge golden
+riOzYedzuKu-00588-00195614-00195984 light ball that is subdivided the
+riOzYedzuKu-00589-00195985-00196443 largest ball is larger than your body
+riOzYedzuKu-00590-00196444-00196984 but each of you have hundreds of
+riOzYedzuKu-00591-00196985-00197295 thousands of subdivided golden balls
+riOzYedzuKu-00592-00197296-00197628 coercing through your energy systems
+riOzYedzuKu-00593-00197629-00198541 veins capillaries and your chakras these
+riOzYedzuKu-00594-00198542-00198866 energy balls are operating on their own
+riOzYedzuKu-00595-00198867-00199213 intelligence there are some that is
+riOzYedzuKu-00596-00199214-00199549 going through the capillaries and veins
+riOzYedzuKu-00597-00199550-00199774 in the kidneys
+riOzYedzuKu-00598-00199775-00200128 clearing blockages of a blood flow in
+riOzYedzuKu-00599-00200129-00200635 this area for others there is a circle
+riOzYedzuKu-00600-00200636-00200920 occurring in your energy and matter
+riOzYedzuKu-00601-00200921-00201265 channel in which there are two balls one
+riOzYedzuKu-00602-00201266-00201448 going clockwise the other
+riOzYedzuKu-00603-00201449-00201796 counterclockwise clearing the blockages
+riOzYedzuKu-00604-00201797-00202279 in this energy and matter channel some
+riOzYedzuKu-00605-00202280-00202629 have blockages in the brain and there
+riOzYedzuKu-00606-00202630-00202933 are quite a few of you actually that
+riOzYedzuKu-00607-00202934-00203610 have this majority limitation and it is
+riOzYedzuKu-00608-00203611-00204022 literally like ping pong balls bouncing
+riOzYedzuKu-00609-00204023-00204329 around from synapses to synapses
+riOzYedzuKu-00610-00204330-00204609 clearing the blockages that would
+riOzYedzuKu-00611-00204610-00204976 potentially create confusion cloudiness
+riOzYedzuKu-00612-00204977-00205177 and a lack of clear
+riOzYedzuKu-00613-00205178-00205611 in your choices each of these blockages
+riOzYedzuKu-00614-00205612-00205946 are aspects of karma blockages
+riOzYedzuKu-00615-00205948-00206358 originating from the message center the
+riOzYedzuKu-00616-00206359-00206667 large golden ball continues to purify
+riOzYedzuKu-00617-00206669-00207004 all of your message censors releasing
+riOzYedzuKu-00618-00207005-00207416 many of the negative mindsets thoughts
+riOzYedzuKu-00619-00207417-00207871 belief systems and for most of you a
+riOzYedzuKu-00620-00207871-00208104 great deal of the blockages are
+riOzYedzuKu-00621-00208105-00208494 self-talk or beliefs that you have
+riOzYedzuKu-00622-00208494-00208917 accepted as true from parents peers and
+riOzYedzuKu-00623-00208919-00209227 others that are truly not accurate
+riOzYedzuKu-00624-00209228-00209533 thoughts and beliefs like worthiness you
+riOzYedzuKu-00625-00209534-00209941 will never amount to anything why try it
+riOzYedzuKu-00626-00209942-00210139 won't make a difference
+riOzYedzuKu-00627-00210140-00210498 etc etc there are a great deal of
+riOzYedzuKu-00628-00210500-00210892 blockages of this nature in all of your
+riOzYedzuKu-00629-00210892-00211185 message centers and as you are chanting
+riOzYedzuKu-00630-00211186-00211617 each of you re syllabuses blessings to
+riOzYedzuKu-00631-00211619-00211723 remove blockages
+riOzYedzuKu-00632-00211723-00212598 like this how let us now chant I you
+riOzYedzuKu-00633-00212600-00212934 should emptiness move into deeper layers
+riOzYedzuKu-00634-00212935-00213037 of emptiness
+riOzYedzuKu-00635-00213038-00215219 ah ah hi Yoshi
+riOzYedzuKu-00636-00215221-00216571 i-i-i ocean ai ai ai ai yo
+riOzYedzuKu-00637-00216571-00217136 Yoshii yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00638-00217137-00218576 you see I use aye aye aye aye oh sure
+riOzYedzuKu-00639-00218577-00219041 I
+riOzYedzuKu-00640-00219042-00219398 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00641-00219399-00219803 you soon
+riOzYedzuKu-00642-00219804-00221388 aye aye aye aye aye aye
+riOzYedzuKu-00643-00221389-00222077 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00644-00222078-00222333 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00645-00222334-00223111 and then we chant iru Kong K oMG I come
+riOzYedzuKu-00646-00223112-00224892 I come I come I come I come
+riOzYedzuKu-00647-00224894-00225791 hi I
+riOzYedzuKu-00648-00225792-00226144 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00649-00226144-00226409 you
+riOzYedzuKu-00650-00226410-00226755 oh come I
+riOzYedzuKu-00651-00226756-00227217 come I come
+riOzYedzuKu-00652-00227219-00227873 aye aye aye
+riOzYedzuKu-00653-00227874-00228475 you come
+riOzYedzuKu-00654-00228476-00229261 you come aye aye aye
+riOzYedzuKu-00655-00229262-00229500 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00656-00229501-00231131 oh yeah you
+riOzYedzuKu-00657-00231132-00231760 come now silently maintain your thinking
+riOzYedzuKu-00658-00231761-00232262 maintain your silence maintain your
+riOzYedzuKu-00659-00232263-00232715 emptiness continue to chant silently hi
+riOzYedzuKu-00660-00232716-00233435 yo calm
+riOzYedzuKu-00661-00233436-00233664 continue
+riOzYedzuKu-00662-00233665-00234000 to smile in your heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00663-00234001-00234838 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00664-00234839-00235259 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00665-00235260-00235888 oh wow thank you thank you thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00666-00235889-00236183 thank you divine dowsers thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00667-00236184-00236456 master sha thank you to all the souls
+riOzYedzuKu-00668-00236457-00236687 that came to offer this blessing during
+riOzYedzuKu-00669-00236688-00236906 this practice so all those in the lion I
+riOzYedzuKu-00670-00236907-00237113 was in the room please share what was
+riOzYedzuKu-00671-00237114-00237287 your experience during this practice did
+riOzYedzuKu-00672-00237288-00237569 you see anything with your third eye did
+riOzYedzuKu-00673-00237569-00237887 you feel anything warmth vibration
+riOzYedzuKu-00674-00237888-00238094 movement in your body
+riOzYedzuKu-00675-00238094-00238400 did you notice clearing and a certain
+riOzYedzuKu-00676-00238401-00238642 aspect of your body sometimes you may
+riOzYedzuKu-00677-00238644-00238892 have come with pain in a certain area
+riOzYedzuKu-00678-00238892-00239255 and now it's gone it doesn't make sense
+riOzYedzuKu-00679-00239256-00239492 if you have pain in your neck arm
+riOzYedzuKu-00680-00239492-00239717 someplace in your body but then it's
+riOzYedzuKu-00681-00239717-00239858 gone because we're focusing on the heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00682-00239859-00240094 center but that's because of all of the
+riOzYedzuKu-00683-00240096-00240319 associations of the metal element the
+riOzYedzuKu-00684-00240321-00240533 the earth element and the fire element
+riOzYedzuKu-00685-00240534-00240746 the impact so many parts of the body
+riOzYedzuKu-00686-00240746-00240967 including for example muscles which is
+riOzYedzuKu-00687-00240969-00241196 the earth element potentially you could
+riOzYedzuKu-00688-00241196-00241523 have some muscle irritation be less at
+riOzYedzuKu-00689-00241523-00241723 this time so there are many different
+riOzYedzuKu-00690-00241725-00241894 values that can be benefited from a
+riOzYedzuKu-00691-00241896-00242546 practice of this nature so as you know
+riOzYedzuKu-00692-00242546-00242708 online I am teaching at the Waikiki
+riOzYedzuKu-00693-00242709-00242984 Community Center and today I am blessed
+riOzYedzuKu-00694-00242985-00243236 to have a student that came in I'm still
+riOzYedzuKu-00695-00243237-00243473 building up visibility here it takes a
+riOzYedzuKu-00696-00243473-00243605 little while to build up trust and
+riOzYedzuKu-00697-00243606-00243980 visibility but I wanted to ask if this
+riOzYedzuKu-00698-00243981-00244187 student in the room if they would like
+riOzYedzuKu-00699-00244188-00244412 to be a demonstration person to receive
+riOzYedzuKu-00700-00244413-00244991 a complimentary blessing I got a yes so
+riOzYedzuKu-00701-00244992-00245156 I think that's a smart answer by this
+riOzYedzuKu-00702-00245157-00245330 person they'll definitely get some big
+riOzYedzuKu-00703-00245331-00245844 benefits come on up John
+riOzYedzuKu-00704-00245846-00246164 yes you've on you're correct I'm at the
+riOzYedzuKu-00705-00246165-00246346 Waikiki Community Center and they have a
+riOzYedzuKu-00706-00246348-00246571 band that I did not know about so we get
+riOzYedzuKu-00707-00246573-00246923 music to go with the healing yay come on
+riOzYedzuKu-00708-00246923-00247542 over here John you can have this seat
+riOzYedzuKu-00709-00247544-00247837 you are welcome
+riOzYedzuKu-00710-00247838-00248150 now give me just one second hold on to
+riOzYedzuKu-00711-00248151-00248528 this for me I'll be right back hello out
+riOzYedzuKu-00712-00248529-00249442 there
+riOzYedzuKu-00713-00249444-00250101 attendance today oh really okay that
+riOzYedzuKu-00714-00250102-00250367 kept it on up here alright not in heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00715-00250369-00250779 chocolate okay so one of the wonderful
+riOzYedzuKu-00716-00250780-00251127 aspects about modern technology is that
+riOzYedzuKu-00717-00251128-00251271 you can have more than one person on a
+riOzYedzuKu-00718-00251271-00251583 microphone so say hi John ooh okay
+riOzYedzuKu-00719-00251584-00251904 voluma so today I'm going to offer you a
+riOzYedzuKu-00720-00251905-00252264 sole operation for the message center
+riOzYedzuKu-00721-00252265-00252560 now can you let us know if so Jonathan
+riOzYedzuKu-00722-00252561-00252858 little constriction in his heart can you
+riOzYedzuKu-00723-00252859-00253026 tell me more did it was it like a little
+riOzYedzuKu-00724-00253027-00253506 tie did it feel a little sore it's hard
+riOzYedzuKu-00725-00253507-00253719 to describe it just a little bit of
+riOzYedzuKu-00726-00253719-00254292 tightness okay okay so how many was soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00727-00254292-00254546 reading first so we can describe what
+riOzYedzuKu-00728-00254548-00254742 the blockages are in the message center
+riOzYedzuKu-00729-00254742-00254952 that might be causing some restrictions
+riOzYedzuKu-00730-00254953-00255173 and harv the association there okay and
+riOzYedzuKu-00731-00255175-00255438 then I will do a solo operation and I'll
+riOzYedzuKu-00732-00255439-00255630 do a reading afterwards as to the
+riOzYedzuKu-00733-00255631-00255792 benefits according to the records in
+riOzYedzuKu-00734-00255792-00255894 heaven okay
+riOzYedzuKu-00735-00255894-00256142 you okay with that yeah all right so I'm
+riOzYedzuKu-00736-00256144-00256764 here okay that's right appreciate so
+riOzYedzuKu-00737-00256765-00256934 please make your full name for heaven Oh
+riOzYedzuKu-00738-00256935-00257277 John Robert Coleman okay dear heaven
+riOzYedzuKu-00739-00257278-00257567 could you please open their a record for
+riOzYedzuKu-00740-00257569-00257898 John Robert Coleman allow me to see what
+riOzYedzuKu-00741-00257898-00258137 is necessary and pertinent at this time
+riOzYedzuKu-00742-00258138-00258390 related to blockages in the message
+riOzYedzuKu-00743-00258391-00258639 center that is impacting John at this
+riOzYedzuKu-00744-00258640-00258909 time in his life and whatever areas that
+riOzYedzuKu-00745-00258910-00259089 are being impacted including potentially
+riOzYedzuKu-00746-00259090-00259206 anything associated with his physical
+riOzYedzuKu-00747-00259207-00260232 heart thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00748-00260233-00260781 how this is yen one year I am the leader
+riOzYedzuKu-00749-00260782-00261480 of the Akashic records in heaven you my
+riOzYedzuKu-00750-00261481-00261912 dear son are a very important servant to
+riOzYedzuKu-00751-00261913-00262296 humanity God is very grateful for all
+riOzYedzuKu-00752-00262297-00262716 that you do God sees all the little
+riOzYedzuKu-00753-00262717-00262944 things you do like helping the little
+riOzYedzuKu-00754-00262945-00263601 older ladies even the lesser lesser and
+riOzYedzuKu-00755-00263602-00264519 all the ladies young old lady God sees
+riOzYedzuKu-00756-00264520-00264837 your open and pure heart of service he
+riOzYedzuKu-00757-00264838-00265166 sees your donations God sees everything
+riOzYedzuKu-00758-00265167-00265491 that you wish to accomplish and is very
+riOzYedzuKu-00759-00265492-00265887 grateful for your service at this time
+riOzYedzuKu-00760-00265888-00266291 your message center has experiencing is
+riOzYedzuKu-00761-00266292-00266700 experiencing some karma blockages these
+riOzYedzuKu-00762-00266701-00266859 are related to lifetime's
+riOzYedzuKu-00763-00266860-00267165 in which you had made wrong choices and
+riOzYedzuKu-00764-00267166-00267474 had followed wrong spiritual teachers
+riOzYedzuKu-00765-00267475-00267852 and in two lifetimes in particular you
+riOzYedzuKu-00766-00267853-00268131 had steered other students away from a
+riOzYedzuKu-00767-00268132-00268473 right teacher those students spiritual
+riOzYedzuKu-00768-00268474-00268710 journey had been negatively impacted by
+riOzYedzuKu-00769-00268711-00268983 a combination of well over a hundred
+riOzYedzuKu-00770-00268984-00269354 lifetimes before they righted their ship
+riOzYedzuKu-00771-00269355-00269646 this Karma
+riOzYedzuKu-00772-00269647-00270141 has come back to you in 17 previous
+riOzYedzuKu-00773-00270142-00270528 lifetimes and is present at this time it
+riOzYedzuKu-00774-00270529-00270723 is one of the reasons why you have
+riOzYedzuKu-00775-00270724-00271065 difficulty promoting your products it is
+riOzYedzuKu-00776-00271066-00271184 one of the reasons why you have
+riOzYedzuKu-00777-00271185-00271593 difficulty aligning to a teacher and
+riOzYedzuKu-00778-00271594-00271758 aligning to any particular subject
+riOzYedzuKu-00779-00271759-00272031 matter that truly resonates with you
+riOzYedzuKu-00780-00272032-00272418 this is because of the darkness from
+riOzYedzuKu-00781-00272419-00272787 those times the teacher that you steered
+riOzYedzuKu-00782-00272788-00273126 others towards was actually not a light
+riOzYedzuKu-00783-00273127-00273509 side and they have their own ways to
+riOzYedzuKu-00784-00273510-00273833 keep you from opening your heart to the
+riOzYedzuKu-00785-00273834-00274077 higher level wisdoms and teachings and
+riOzYedzuKu-00786-00274078-00274341 allowing you to access that which would
+riOzYedzuKu-00787-00274342-00274653 truly move you forward the way your soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00788-00274654-00274851 wants you to move forward
+riOzYedzuKu-00789-00274852-00275231 I am confident this resonates with you
+riOzYedzuKu-00790-00275232-00275589 today you are blessed you will receive a
+riOzYedzuKu-00791-00275590-00275949 blessing that will release a great deal
+riOzYedzuKu-00792-00275950-00276185 of these blockages there has been a
+riOzYedzuKu-00793-00276186-00276453 decision made at the heaven in levels as
+riOzYedzuKu-00794-00276454-00276768 to the percentage and amount that will
+riOzYedzuKu-00795-00276769-00277080 be offered it is important for you to
+riOzYedzuKu-00796-00277081-00277323 continue to ask forgiveness especially
+riOzYedzuKu-00797-00277324-00277662 of those souls who you at those times
+riOzYedzuKu-00798-00277663-00277958 had steered in the wrong direction also
+riOzYedzuKu-00799-00277959-00278332 ask forgiveness of the creator for
+riOzYedzuKu-00800-00278333-00278775 taking those away from the purity of the
+riOzYedzuKu-00801-00278776-00279132 original source teachings if you are
+riOzYedzuKu-00802-00279133-00279351 consistent with this and authentic in
+riOzYedzuKu-00803-00279352-00279627 this this karma has the potential to
+riOzYedzuKu-00804-00279628-00279884 really be released in this lifetime
+riOzYedzuKu-00805-00279885-00280176 which would truly enhance your soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00806-00280177-00280227 journey
+riOzYedzuKu-00807-00280228-00280851 dramatically this is Yin wanye how okay
+riOzYedzuKu-00808-00280852-00281064 so now I will offer what's called a soul
+riOzYedzuKu-00809-00281065-00281241 operation for those of you that are
+riOzYedzuKu-00810-00281242-00281394 watching this is something that I am
+riOzYedzuKu-00811-00281395-00281599 offering to all of the students
+riOzYedzuKu-00812-00281600-00281818 and this could be extended upon approval
+riOzYedzuKu-00813-00281819-00282033 to any of your loved ones I'm doing it
+riOzYedzuKu-00814-00282034-00282322 for any of the seven saw houses the Y
+riOzYedzuKu-00815-00282323-00282622 Chao and the energy and matter Channel
+riOzYedzuKu-00816-00282623-00282832 so it's a total of 10 possible Seoul
+riOzYedzuKu-00817-00282833-00283219 operations one for each Center etc this
+riOzYedzuKu-00818-00283220-00283537 is an example for the heart center
+riOzYedzuKu-00819-00283538-00285727 okay prepare to receive
+riOzYedzuKu-00820-00285728-00285970 solo operation for the message center
+riOzYedzuKu-00821-00285971-00286369 for John Robert Coleman as appropriate
+riOzYedzuKu-00822-00286370-00286947 begin opening
+riOzYedzuKu-00823-00286948-00287248 bringing in a light
+riOzYedzuKu-00824-00287249-00287959 [Applause]
+riOzYedzuKu-00825-00287960-00288184 you pay attention to anything he might
+riOzYedzuKu-00826-00288185-00288921 be feeling or seeing or experiencing Hey
+riOzYedzuKu-00827-00288922-00289130 you
+riOzYedzuKu-00828-00289131-00291906 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00829-00291907-00292647 the
+riOzYedzuKu-00830-00292648-00292987 I love my
+riOzYedzuKu-00831-00292988-00293798 council I love all humanity join hearts
+riOzYedzuKu-00832-00293799-00294247 and souls to again
+riOzYedzuKu-00833-00294248-00294639 he's hard
+riOzYedzuKu-00834-00294640-00295411 of peace and harmony ha ha ha thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00835-00295412-00295717 thank you thank you and I'll ask John in
+riOzYedzuKu-00836-00295718-00295942 a minute for those on the line if any of
+riOzYedzuKu-00837-00295943-00296122 you have third-eye please share what you
+riOzYedzuKu-00838-00296123-00296590 might have seen so John did you notice
+riOzYedzuKu-00839-00296591-00296878 anything sensations emotions feeling
+riOzYedzuKu-00840-00296879-00297139 anything at all yeah I think the warmth
+riOzYedzuKu-00841-00297140-00297313 is the heart the left side of my heart
+riOzYedzuKu-00842-00297314-00297505 little warmth on the left side of your
+riOzYedzuKu-00843-00297506-00297805 heart ok that's pretty much felt okay
+riOzYedzuKu-00844-00297806-00298057 yeah I'm feeling a little bit about you
+riOzYedzuKu-00845-00298058-00298276 still feeling something yeah the nice
+riOzYedzuKu-00846-00298277-00298465 thing about any form of healing that is
+riOzYedzuKu-00847-00298466-00298726 done to so healing is it doesn't stop in
+riOzYedzuKu-00848-00298727-00298906 that moment and the important thing to
+riOzYedzuKu-00849-00298907-00299161 understand about soul healing is that so
+riOzYedzuKu-00850-00299162-00299389 healing is not truly not at the level of
+riOzYedzuKu-00851-00299390-00299611 the physical it actually is at the level
+riOzYedzuKu-00852-00299612-00299842 of salt because their soul lives forever
+riOzYedzuKu-00853-00299843-00300055 the soul has lifetime after lifetime
+riOzYedzuKu-00854-00300056-00300307 after lifetime of experiences which
+riOzYedzuKu-00855-00300308-00300609 create good virtue good karma and
+riOzYedzuKu-00856-00300610-00300946 unpleasant karma and the soul looks like
+riOzYedzuKu-00857-00300947-00301237 you may be a younger more handsome
+riOzYedzuKu-00858-00301238-00301897 version but looks like you tomorrow the
+riOzYedzuKu-00859-00301898-00302227 soul carries with it so the physical
+riOzYedzuKu-00860-00302228-00302389 body is actually a physical world
+riOzYedzuKu-00861-00302390-00302587 reflection of the soul when a healing is
+riOzYedzuKu-00862-00302588-00302716 offered it's actually offered at the
+riOzYedzuKu-00863-00302717-00302983 level of soul the physical body then
+riOzYedzuKu-00864-00302984-00303268 adjusts the energy and matter to reflect
+riOzYedzuKu-00865-00303269-00303478 the shift that occurred up here when a
+riOzYedzuKu-00866-00303479-00303619 soul operation is offered when a
+riOzYedzuKu-00867-00303620-00303814 blessing is offered what is actually
+riOzYedzuKu-00868-00303815-00304072 happening is virtue is being released
+riOzYedzuKu-00869-00304073-00304294 through divine through Master sha
+riOzYedzuKu-00870-00304295-00304489 through the channels that I've been off
+riOzYedzuKu-00871-00304490-00304789 blessed to receive and virtue is offered
+riOzYedzuKu-00872-00304790-00304981 which is good karma to offset the
+riOzYedzuKu-00873-00304982-00305155 spiritual death the bad karma and
+riOzYedzuKu-00874-00305156-00305395 therefore the blockages at the message
+riOzYedzuKu-00875-00305396-00305758 center leaf so then the physical body
+riOzYedzuKu-00876-00305759-00306073 starts to reflect that change sometimes
+riOzYedzuKu-00877-00306074-00306229 it's instant sometimes it takes a little
+riOzYedzuKu-00878-00306230-00306505 bit of time makes sense right okay all
+riOzYedzuKu-00879-00306506-00306826 of it all of it does good good and so
+riOzYedzuKu-00880-00306827-00307087 now I'm gonna do a soul reading as to
+riOzYedzuKu-00881-00307088-00307324 what transpired with this blessed Lester
+riOzYedzuKu-00882-00307325-00307413 I'm
+riOzYedzuKu-00883-00307414-00307605 Freeza what comes in threes right it
+riOzYedzuKu-00884-00307606-00307755 does come in three that's number three
+riOzYedzuKu-00885-00307756-00307971 okay yeah I still uh congratulations
+riOzYedzuKu-00886-00307972-00308409 they're adding in some all right all
+riOzYedzuKu-00887-00308410-00308577 right let's do it so reading and let's
+riOzYedzuKu-00888-00308578-00308754 see what heaven says transpired this is
+riOzYedzuKu-00889-00308755-00309119 a reunion between you and I you know
+riOzYedzuKu-00890-00309120-00310215 it's been a long time okay how this is
+riOzYedzuKu-00891-00310216-00310629 your onion know our Dear John was
+riOzYedzuKu-00892-00310630-00311033 extremely blessed today in this blessing
+riOzYedzuKu-00893-00311034-00311511 God came and God placed his hand above
+riOzYedzuKu-00894-00311512-00312159 your crown chakra and sent waves like
+riOzYedzuKu-00895-00312160-00312291 they're showing me like these wave just
+riOzYedzuKu-00896-00312292-00312426 like sonar waves moves through your
+riOzYedzuKu-00897-00312427-00313121 whole body these ways were God's love
+riOzYedzuKu-00898-00313122-00313638 you think he received a blessing for the
+riOzYedzuKu-00899-00313639-00313983 message center but in actuality you
+riOzYedzuKu-00900-00313984-00314238 received the blessings of love for the
+riOzYedzuKu-00901-00314239-00314709 entirety of the Shen Chi and Jing of all
+riOzYedzuKu-00902-00314710-00315039 of your energy and matter of all of your
+riOzYedzuKu-00903-00315040-00315396 cellular beam it was much like a crown
+riOzYedzuKu-00904-00315397-00315753 chakra blessing from the divine during
+riOzYedzuKu-00905-00315754-00316041 this blessing your Akashic records was
+riOzYedzuKu-00906-00316042-00316416 opened many souls were called forth to
+riOzYedzuKu-00907-00316417-00316686 receive the virtue that was offered as a
+riOzYedzuKu-00908-00316687-00316967 result of the request of this worldwide
+riOzYedzuKu-00909-00316968-00317316 representative of the one you call dr.
+riOzYedzuKu-00910-00317317-00317640 and Master sha during this blessing
+riOzYedzuKu-00911-00317641-00317943 those lined up in front of the Akashic
+riOzYedzuKu-00912-00317944-00318273 records and received small bags of gold
+riOzYedzuKu-00913-00318274-00318585 virtue if you will and agreed
+riOzYedzuKu-00914-00318586-00318807 they literally signed off in an
+riOzYedzuKu-00915-00318808-00319137 agreement to no longer bother you and
+riOzYedzuKu-00916-00319138-00319395 your soul journey there was
+riOzYedzuKu-00917-00319396-00319534 approximately
+riOzYedzuKu-00918-00319535-00320376 [Music]
+riOzYedzuKu-00919-00320377-00320749 35% of the Karma associated with this
+riOzYedzuKu-00920-00320750-00321121 particular description earlier that was
+riOzYedzuKu-00921-00321122-00321493 released with this blessing that is
+riOzYedzuKu-00922-00321494-00321930 because of the nature of this hundreds
+riOzYedzuKu-00923-00321931-00322069 of lifetimes in which others were
+riOzYedzuKu-00924-00322070-00322377 impacted as indicated if you are
+riOzYedzuKu-00925-00322378-00322552 authentic in your request
+riOzYedzuKu-00926-00322553-00322876 God can release all of this a but there
+riOzYedzuKu-00927-00322877-00323146 was some left for you so that you
+riOzYedzuKu-00928-00323147-00323365 understand the lessons to be learned
+riOzYedzuKu-00929-00323366-00323623 what can additionally be shared at this
+riOzYedzuKu-00930-00323624-00324030 time is that your life was saved there
+riOzYedzuKu-00931-00324031-00324289 is a possibility that within
+riOzYedzuKu-00932-00324290-00324579 approximately 11 months there could have
+riOzYedzuKu-00933-00324580-00324844 been a condition that showed up and the
+riOzYedzuKu-00934-00324845-00325254 left atrial that would have started with
+riOzYedzuKu-00935-00325255-00325656 a fibrillation and could have eventually
+riOzYedzuKu-00936-00325657-00326007 led to a more severe condition this was
+riOzYedzuKu-00937-00326008-00326314 released as a result of this blessing
+riOzYedzuKu-00938-00326315-00326679 today you are extremely blessed
+riOzYedzuKu-00939-00326680-00327003 this is yin one yay thank you how how
+riOzYedzuKu-00940-00327004-00327231 how thank you your money a thank you God
+riOzYedzuKu-00941-00327232-00327435 thank you divine thank you Dad thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00942-00327436-00327777 source thank you all for being a medium
+riOzYedzuKu-00943-00327778-00327967 by which yeah and I'm honored to be a
+riOzYedzuKu-00944-00327968-00328150 metal man thank you for being a
+riOzYedzuKu-00945-00328151-00328249 demonstration for us
+riOzYedzuKu-00946-00328250-00328618 yeah thank you I always liked your
+riOzYedzuKu-00947-00328619-00329038 authentic service that blesses everyone
+riOzYedzuKu-00948-00329039-00329314 I appreciate you
+riOzYedzuKu-00949-00329315-00329678 totally being in the divine I appreciate
+riOzYedzuKu-00950-00329679-00329758 this
+riOzYedzuKu-00951-00329759-00330068 offering and I believe that that warmth
+riOzYedzuKu-00952-00330069-00330385 was clearing out that in the order you
+riOzYedzuKu-00953-00330386-00330933 describe maybe you don't know that but I
+riOzYedzuKu-00954-00330934-00331301 just said so right right so thank you
+riOzYedzuKu-00955-00331302-00331493 John let me take this off for you yeah
+riOzYedzuKu-00956-00331494-00331585 thank you buddy
+riOzYedzuKu-00957-00331586-00331916 you are welcome uh yeah I don't want to
+riOzYedzuKu-00958-00331917-00332249 leave it okay buddy yeah good have a
+riOzYedzuKu-00959-00332250-00332407 seat we're gonna wrap up shortly here
+riOzYedzuKu-00960-00332408-00332650 thanks
+riOzYedzuKu-00961-00332651-00333104 okay so John is very blessed and Sookie
+riOzYedzuKu-00962-00333105-00333341 sought start with the third eye she says
+riOzYedzuKu-00963-00333342-00333647 master I saw a thick dark layer from my
+riOzYedzuKu-00964-00333648-00333968 from body going to the ocean feel very
+riOzYedzuKu-00965-00333969-00334445 light wonderful and so one of the things
+riOzYedzuKu-00966-00334446-00334619 that happens when a blessing like this
+riOzYedzuKu-00967-00334620-00334847 was offered especially as a
+riOzYedzuKu-00968-00334848-00335177 demonstration very very often the divine
+riOzYedzuKu-00969-00335178-00335417 offers additional blessings to all those
+riOzYedzuKu-00970-00335418-00335699 that are watching so very possibly
+riOzYedzuKu-00971-00335700-00335881 especially if you ask for anything you
+riOzYedzuKu-00972-00335882-00336275 definitely got a big blessing as well so
+riOzYedzuKu-00973-00336276-00336452 I'm so grateful all of you have joined I
+riOzYedzuKu-00974-00336453-00336875 apologize I have an atomically