Question: I am trying to play a sound using Kivy. The sound plays perfectly and everything works perfectly on my laptop, but when I load the APK on my Android device, the sound does not play. I have manually allowed "storage permissions" on my android device, and in my buildozer.spec file I have included permissions to write and read external storage. I created a test file to try and debug to see what was going wrong but to no avail. I will share the details of this test file below. To start, here is the .py file: import kivy from kivy.app import App from kivy.uix.widget import Widget from kivy.graphics import Color from kivy.core.audio import SoundLoader __version__ = '0.1' class SoundTestApp(App): def build(self): self.load_kv('soundtest.kv') return SoundTestWidget() class SoundTestWidget(Widget): def playsound(self): sound = SoundLoader.load('testmusic.wav') sound.play() SoundTestApp().run()  Next, here is the .kv file: <SoundTestWidget>: soundbutton: sound_button Button: id: sound_button size: (root.width,root.height) background_color: (1, 0, 0, 1) text: "press to play music" pos: self.pos on_release: self.text = "music is playing" root.playsound()  Next, here is the Buildozer.spec file: [app] # (str) Title of your application title = SoundTest # (str) Package name package.name = soundtest # (str) Package domain (needed for android/ios packaging) package.domain = org.soundtest # (str) Source code where the main.py live source.dir = . # (list) Source files to include (let empty to include all the files) source.include_exts = py,png,jpg,kv,atlas # (list) List of inclusions using pattern matching #source.include_patterns = assets/*,images/*.png # (list) Source files to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything) #source.exclude_exts = spec # (list) List of directory to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything) #source.exclude_dirs = tests, bin # (list) List of exclusions using pattern matching #source.exclude_patterns = license,images/*/*.jpg # (str) Application versioning (method 1) version = 0.1 # (str) Application versioning (method 2) # version.regex = __version__ = ['"](.*)['"] # version.filename = %(source.dir)s/main.py # (list) Application requirements # comma separated e.g. requirements = sqlite3,kivy requirements = python3,kivy # (str) Custom source folders for requirements # Sets custom source for any requirements with recipes # requirements.source.kivy = ../../kivy # (list) Garden requirements #garden_requirements = # (str) Presplash of the application #presplash.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/presplash.png # (str) Icon of the application #icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/icon.png # (str) Supported orientation (one of landscape, sensorLandscape, portrait or all) orientation = landscape # (list) List of service to declare #services = NAME:ENTRYPOINT_TO_PY,NAME2:ENTRYPOINT2_TO_PY # # OSX Specific # # # author = © Copyright Info # change the major version of python used by the app osx.python_version = 3 # Kivy version to use osx.kivy_version = 1.9.1 # # Android specific # # (bool) Indicate if the application should be fullscreen or not fullscreen = 0 # (string) Presplash background color (for new android toolchain) # Supported formats are: #RRGGBB #AARRGGBB or one of the following names: # red, blue, green, black, white, gray, cyan, magenta, yellow, lightgray, # darkgray, grey, lightgrey, darkgrey, aqua, fuchsia, lime, maroon, navy, # olive, purple, silver, teal. #android.presplash_color = #FFFFFF # (list) Permissions android.permissions = INTERNET, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE # (int) Target Android API, should be as high as possible. #android.api = 27 # (int) Minimum API your APK will support. #android.minapi = 21 # (int) Android SDK version to use #android.sdk = 20 # (str) Android NDK version to use #android.ndk = 19b # (int) Android NDK API to use. This is the minimum API your app will support, it should usually match android.minapi. #android.ndk_api = 21 # (bool) Use --private data storage (True) or --dir public storage (False) #android.private_storage = True # (str) Android NDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.) #android.ndk_path = # (str) Android SDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.) #android.sdk_path = # (str) ANT directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.) #android.ant_path = # (bool) If True, then skip trying to update the Android sdk # This can be useful to avoid excess Internet downloads or save time # when an update is due and you just want to test/build your package # android.skip_update = False # (bool) If True, then automatically accept SDK license # agreements. This is intended for automation only. If set to False, # the default, you will be shown the license when first running # buildozer. # android.accept_sdk_license = False # (str) Android entry point, default is ok for Kivy-based app #android.entrypoint = org.renpy.android.PythonActivity # (str) Android app theme, default is ok for Kivy-based app # android.apptheme = "@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar" # (list) Pattern to whitelist for the whole project #android.whitelist = # (str) Path to a custom whitelist file #android.whitelist_src = # (str) Path to a custom blacklist file #android.blacklist_src = # (list) List of Java .jar files to add to the libs so that pyjnius can access # their classes. Don't add jars that you do not need, since extra jars can slow # down the build process. Allows wildcards matching, for example: # OUYA-ODK/libs/*.jar #android.add_jars = foo.jar,bar.jar,path/to/more/*.jar # (list) List of Java files to add to the android project (can be java or a # directory containing the files) #android.add_src = # (list) Android AAR archives to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle # bootstrap) #android.add_aars = # (list) Gradle dependencies to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle # bootstrap) #android.gradle_dependencies = # (list) add java compile options # this can for example be necessary when importing certain java libraries using the 'android.gradle_dependencies' option # see https://developer.android.com/studio/write/java8-support for further information # android.add_compile_options = "sourceCompatibility = 1.8", "targetCompatibility = 1.8" # (list) Gradle repositories to add {can be necessary for some android.gradle_dependencies} # please enclose in double quotes # e.g. android.gradle_repositories = "maven { url 'https://kotlin.bintray.com/ktor' }" #android.add_gradle_repositories = # (list) packaging options to add # see https://google.github.io/android-gradle-dsl/current/com.android.build.gradle.internal.dsl.PackagingOptions.html # can be necessary to solve conflicts in gradle_dependencies # please enclose in double quotes # e.g. android.add_packaging_options = "exclude 'META-INF/common.kotlin_module'", "exclude 'META-INF/*.kotlin_module'" #android.add_gradle_repositories = # (list) Java classes to add as activities to the manifest. #android.add_activities = com.example.ExampleActivity # (str) OUYA Console category. Should be one of GAME or APP # If you leave this blank, OUYA support will not be enabled #android.ouya.category = GAME # (str) Filename of OUYA Console icon. It must be a 732x412 png image. #android.ouya.icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/ouya_icon.png # (str) XML file to include as an intent filters in <activity> tag #android.manifest.intent_filters = # (str) launchMode to set for the main activity #android.manifest.launch_mode = standard # (list) Android additional libraries to copy into libs/armeabi #android.add_libs_armeabi = libs/android/*.so #android.add_libs_armeabi_v7a = libs/android-v7/*.so #android.add_libs_arm64_v8a = libs/android-v8/*.so #android.add_libs_x86 = libs/android-x86/*.so #android.add_libs_mips = libs/android-mips/*.so # (bool) Indicate whether the screen should stay on # Don't forget to add the WAKE_LOCK permission if you set this to True #android.wakelock = False # (list) Android application meta-data to set (key=value format) #android.meta_data = # (list) Android library project to add (will be added in the # project.properties automatically.) #android.library_references = # (list) Android shared libraries which will be added to AndroidManifest.xml using <uses-library> tag #android.uses_library = # (str) Android logcat filters to use #android.logcat_filters = *:S python:D # (bool) Copy library instead of making a libpymodules.so #android.copy_libs = 1 # (str) The Android arch to build for, choices: armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a, x86, x86_64 android.arch = armeabi-v7a # (int) overrides automatic versionCode computation (used in build.gradle) # this is not the same as app version and should only be edited if you know what you're doing # android.numeric_version = 1 # # Python for android (p4a) specific # # (str) python-for-android fork to use, defaults to upstream (kivy) #p4a.fork = kivy # (str) python-for-android branch to use, defaults to master #p4a.branch = master # (str) python-for-android git clone directory (if empty, it will be automatically cloned from github) #p4a.source_dir = # (str) The directory in which python-for-android should look for your own build recipes (if any) #p4a.local_recipes = # (str) Filename to the hook for p4a #p4a.hook = # (str) Bootstrap to use for android builds # p4a.bootstrap = sdl2 # (int) port number to specify an explicit --port= p4a argument (eg for bootstrap flask) #p4a.port = # # iOS specific # # (str) Path to a custom kivy-ios folder #ios.kivy_ios_dir = ../kivy-ios # Alternately, specify the URL and branch of a git checkout: ios.kivy_ios_url = https://github.com/kivy/kivy-ios ios.kivy_ios_branch = master # Another platform dependency: ios-deploy # Uncomment to use a custom checkout #ios.ios_deploy_dir = ../ios_deploy # Or specify URL and branch ios.ios_deploy_url = https://github.com/phonegap/ios-deploy ios.ios_deploy_branch = 1.7.0 # (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the debug version # Get a list of available identities: buildozer ios list_identities #ios.codesign.debug = "iPhone Developer: <lastname> <firstname> (<hexstring>)" # (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the release version #ios.codesign.release = %(ios.codesign.debug)s [buildozer] # (int) Log level (0 = error only, 1 = info, 2 = debug (with command output)) log_level = 2 # (int) Display warning if buildozer is run as root (0 = False, 1 = True) warn_on_root = 1 # (str) Path to build artifact storage, absolute or relative to spec file # build_dir = ./.buildozer # (str) Path to build output (i.e. .apk, .ipa) storage # bin_dir = ./bin # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # List as sections # # You can define all the "list" as [section:key]. # Each line will be considered as a option to the list. # Let's take [app] / source.exclude_patterns. # Instead of doing: # #[app] #source.exclude_patterns = license,data/audio/*.wav,data/images/original/* # # This can be translated into: # #[app:source.exclude_patterns] #license #data/audio/*.wav #data/images/original/* # # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Profiles # # You can extend section / key with a profile # For example, you want to deploy a demo version of your application without # HD content. You could first change the title to add "(demo)" in the name # and extend the excluded directories to remove the HD content. # #[app@demo] #title = My Application (demo) # #[app:source.exclude_patterns@demo] #images/hd/* # # Then, invoke the command line with the "demo" profile: # #buildozer --profile demo android debug  Finally, here are some extracts from the logcat, which may or may not be relevant (I do not know yet how to properly read a logcat): 09-22 22:24:52.558 6029 1471 E pageboostd: orgsoundtestsoundtest, amt 0 scnt 0 fcnt 0 09-22 22:24:52.559 4865 5176 E ActivityTaskManager: TouchDown intent received, starting ActiveLaunch 09-22 22:24:52.560 4865 5176 I ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageWhitelisted:org.soundtest.soundtest user:0 09-22 22:24:52.560 4865 5176 D ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageWhitelisted: DO is not enabled on user 0. Allowed. 09-22 22:24:52.560 4865 5176 D ActivityManager: package org.soundtest.soundtest, user - 0 is SDcard whitelisted 09-22 22:24:52.560 4865 5176 I ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageBlacklisted:org.soundtest.soundtest user:0 09-22 22:24:52.560 4865 5176 D ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageBlacklisted: DO is not enabled on user 0. Allowed. 09-22 22:24:52.561 4865 5176 I ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageBlacklisted:org.soundtest.soundtest user:0 09-22 22:24:52.561 4865 5176 D ApplicationPolicy: isApplicationExternalStorageBlacklisted: DO is not enabled on user 0. Allowed. 09-22 22:24:52.561 4865 5176 D ActivityTaskManager: starting Active launch 09-22 22:19:24.770 4865 5191 I Pageboost: active launch for : org.soundtest.soundtest , 1 09-22 22:19:24.772 4865 5176 E ActivityTaskManager: TouchDown intent received, starting ActiveLaunch 09-22 22:19:24.772 4865 5176 D ActivityTaskManager: starting Active launch 09-22 22:19:24.837 4865 6989 D CustomFrequencyManagerService: acquireDVFSLockLocked : type : DVFS_MIN_LIMIT frequency : 2314000 uid : 1000 pid : 4865 pkgName : APP_LAUNCH@CPU_MIN@7 09-22 22:19:24.837 5574 5574 D ActivityOptions: makeRemoteAnimation, adapter=android.view.RemoteAnimationAdapter@5d434e1, caller=com.android.systemui.shared.system.ActivityOptionsCompat.makeRemoteAnimation:68 com.android.launcher3.QuickstepAppTransitionManagerImpl.getActivityLaunchOptions:350 com.android.launcher3.Launcher.getActivityLaunchOptions:3071 09-22 22:19:24.840 4865 6997 I ActivityTaskManager: START u0 {act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10200000 cmp=org.soundtest.soundtest/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity bnds=[975,120][1156,451]} from uid 10073 09-22 22:19:24.841 6953 6953 E SDHMS:ib.qa: e = /sys/class/lcd/panel/vrr: open failed: ENOENT (No such file or directory) 09-22 22:19:24.846 4865 6997 D CustomFrequencyManagerService: acquireDVFSLockLocked : type : DVFS_MIN_LIMIT frequency : 2314000 uid : 1000 pid : 4865 pkgName : AMS_APP_SWITCH@CPU_MIN@38 09-22 22:19:24.846 4865 6997 D ActivityManagerPerformance: AMP_acquire() APP_SWITCH 09-22 22:19:24.846 4865 6997 D ActivityTaskManager: MultiTaskingTaskLaunchParamsModifier:task=null display-from-source=0 display-id=0 display-windowing-mode=1 09-22 22:19:24.847 4865 6997 D ActivityTaskManager: MultiTaskingTaskLaunchParamsModifier:task=null display-from-source=0 display-id=0 display-windowing-mode=1 activity-options-fullscreen=Rect(0, 0 - 0, 0) non-freeform-display maximized-bounds 09-22 22:19:24.849 4865 6997 D ActivityTaskManager: MultiTaskingTaskLaunchParamsModifier:tid=340 display-from-task=0 display-id=0 display-windowing-mode=1 activity-options-fullscreen=Rect(0, 0 - 0, 0) non-freeform-display maximized-bounds 09-22 22:19:24.850 4865 6997 D ActivityTaskManager: updateMinimizedState: unknown notifyReason=2 09-22 22:19:24.855 4865 4906 D GameManagerService: MultiWindowEventListener.onFocusStackChanged(), state=0, top=ComponentInfo{org.soundtest.soundtest/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity} 09-22 22:19:24.855 4865 5173 D GameManagerService: handleForegroundChange(). pkgName: org.soundtest.soundtest, clsName: org.kivy.android.PythonActivity,FgActivityName:org.soundtest.soundtest/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity,userID:0 09-22 22:19:24.855 4865 5173 D GameManagerService: handleForegroundChange(). set mFgApp: org.soundtest.soundtest 09-22 22:19:24.855 4865 5173 D GameManagerService: notifyResumePause(). pkg: org.soundtest.soundtest, type: 4, isMinimized: false, isTunableApp: false 09-22 22:19:24.856 4865 5173 D GameManagerService: notifyResumePause(). do nothing. mKillNotiCount: 1 09-22 22:19:24.856 4865 4906 D GameSDKService: MultiWindowEventListener.onFocusStackChanged(), state=0, top=ComponentInfo{org.soundtest.soundtest/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity} 09-22 22:19:24.857 4865 4906 D GameSDKService: MultiWindowEventListener.onFocusStackChanged(): org.soundtest.soundtest 09-22 22:19:24.857 4865 4906 D MdnieScenarioControlService: MultiWindowState : false , mode : 0 09-22 22:19:24.858 4865 4865 I Pageboost: package org.soundtest.soundtest 09-22 22:19:24.859 4865 4865 I Pageboost: stop active launch  The app does not crash on Android. But the sound does not play. What is the problem? EDIT: Thanks to the answers below, we realized that the problem is likely that I needed to add the requirement ffpyplayer. However, there is an issue that buildozer refuses to build when I add this requirement. Here is the log: [INFO]: -> running configure --disable-everything --enable-openssl --enable-nonfree --enable-protocol=https,tls_op...(and 891 more) Exception in thread background thread for pid 33867: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 917, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 865, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1662, in wrap fn(*args, **kwargs) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 2606, in background_thread handle_exit_code(exit_code) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 2304, in fn return self.command.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 877, in handle_command_exit_code raise exc sh.ErrorReturnCode_1: RAN: /Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/ffmpeg/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/ffmpeg/configure --disable-everything --enable-openssl --enable-nonfree --enable-protocol=https,tls_openssl --enable-parser=aac,ac3,h261,h264,mpegaudio,mpeg4video,mpegvideo,vc1 --enable-decoder=aac,h264,mpeg4,mpegvideo --enable-muxer=h264,mov,mp4,mpeg2video --enable-demuxer=aac,h264,m4v,mov,mpegvideo,vc1 --disable-symver --disable-programs --disable-doc --enable-filter=aresample,resample,crop,adelay,volume,scale --enable-protocol=file,http,hls --enable-small --enable-hwaccels --enable-gpl --enable-pic --disable-static --disable-debug --enable-shared --target-os=android --enable-cross-compile --cross-prefix=armv7a-linux-androideabi21- --arch=arm --strip=arm-linux-androideabi-strip --sysroot=/Users/maithreyasitaraman/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/sysroot --enable-neon --prefix=/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/ffmpeg/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/ffmpeg STDOUT: tput: No value for $TERM and no -T specified tput: No value for $TERM and no -T specified armv7a-linux-androideabi21-clang is unable to create an executable file. C compiler test failed. If you think configure made a mistake, make sure you are using the latest version from Git. If the latest version fails, report the problem to the ffmpeg-user@ffmpeg.org mailing list or IRC #ffmpeg on irc.freenode.net. Include the log file "ffbuild/config.log" produced by configure as this will help solve the problem. STDERR: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main "__main__", mod_spec) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 1260, in <module> main() File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/entrypoints.py", line 18, in main ToolchainCL() File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 709, in __init__ getattr(self, command)(args) File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 154, in wrapper_func build_dist_from_args(ctx, dist, args) File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 216, in build_dist_from_args args, "ignore_setup_py", False File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/build.py", line 577, in build_recipes recipe.build_arch(arch) File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipes/ffmpeg/__init__.py", line 135, in build_arch shprint(configure, *flags, _env=env) File "/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/logger.py", line 167, in shprint for line in output: File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 925, in next self.wait() File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 849, in wait self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 877, in handle_command_exit_code raise exc sh.ErrorReturnCode_1: RAN: /Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/ffmpeg/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/ffmpeg/configure --disable-everything --enable-openssl --enable-nonfree --enable-protocol=https,tls_openssl --enable-parser=aac,ac3,h261,h264,mpegaudio,mpeg4video,mpegvideo,vc1 --enable-decoder=aac,h264,mpeg4,mpegvideo --enable-muxer=h264,mov,mp4,mpeg2video --enable-demuxer=aac,h264,m4v,mov,mpegvideo,vc1 --disable-symver --disable-programs --disable-doc --enable-filter=aresample,resample,crop,adelay,volume,scale --enable-protocol=file,http,hls --enable-small --enable-hwaccels --enable-gpl --enable-pic --disable-static --disable-debug --enable-shared --target-os=android --enable-cross-compile --cross-prefix=armv7a-linux-androideabi21- --arch=arm --strip=arm-linux-androideabi-strip --sysroot=/Users/maithreyasitaraman/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/sysroot --enable-neon --prefix=/Users/maithreyasitaraman/Downloads/2_Sound_Test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/ffmpeg/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/ffmpeg STDOUT: tput: No value for $TERM and no -T specified tput: No value for $TERM and no -T specified armv7a-linux-androideabi21-clang is unable to create an executable file. C compiler test failed. If you think configure made a mistake, make sure you are using the latest version from Git. If the latest version fails, report the problem to the ffmpeg-user@ffmpeg.org mailing list or IRC #ffmpeg on irc.freenode.net. Include the log file "ffbuild/config.log" produced by configure as this will help solve the problem. STDERR: 

Answer: I tried to build a project in Kivy for android for and faced similar issue where in the sound play was working fine on Laptop but not on Android device. As i could see from your buildspec file it does not include the below requirement of ffpyplayer. Try to include this one and rebuild again clean. Hopefully it should resolve your issue requirements = python3,kivy,ffpyplayer