Question: MRE pip install pandas==2.1.1 numpy==2.0.0  Python 3.10 on Google Colab Output Collecting pandas==2.1.1 Downloading pandas-2.1.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (12.3 MB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 12.3/12.3 MB 44.7 MB/s eta 0:00:00 Collecting numpy==2.0.0 Using cached numpy-2.0.0-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (19.3 MB) Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pandas==2.1.1) (2.8.2) Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2020.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pandas==2.1.1) (2023.4) Requirement already satisfied: tzdata>=2022.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from pandas==2.1.1) (2024.1) Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.8.2->pandas==2.1.1) (1.16.0) Installing collected packages: numpy, pandas Attempting uninstall: numpy Found existing installation: numpy 1.26.4 Uninstalling numpy-1.26.4: Successfully uninstalled numpy-1.26.4 Attempting uninstall: pandas Found existing installation: pandas 2.0.3 Uninstalling pandas-2.0.3: Successfully uninstalled pandas-2.0.3 Successfully installed numpy-2.0.0 pandas-2.1.1  When I do : import pandas  I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.10/runpy.py", line 196, in _run_module_as_main return _run_code(code, main_globals, None, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/runpy.py", line 86, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/colab_kernel_launcher.py", line 37, in <module> ColabKernelApp.launch_instance() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 992, in launch_instance app.start() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelapp.py", line 619, in start self.io_loop.start() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/platform/asyncio.py", line 195, in start self.asyncio_loop.run_forever() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/base_events.py", line 603, in run_forever self._run_once() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/base_events.py", line 1909, in _run_once handle._run() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/asyncio/events.py", line 80, in _run self._context.run(self._callback, *self._args) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/ioloop.py", line 685, in <lambda> lambda f: self._run_callback(functools.partial(callback, future)) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/ioloop.py", line 738, in _run_callback ret = callback() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 825, in inner self.ctx_run(self.run) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 786, in run yielded = self.gen.send(value) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 361, in process_one yield gen.maybe_future(dispatch(*args)) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 234, in wrapper yielded = ctx_run(next, result) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 261, in dispatch_shell yield gen.maybe_future(handler(stream, idents, msg)) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 234, in wrapper yielded = ctx_run(next, result) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 539, in execute_request self.do_execute( File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 234, in wrapper yielded = ctx_run(next, result) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/ipkernel.py", line 302, in do_execute res = shell.run_cell(code, store_history=store_history, silent=silent) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/ipykernel/zmqshell.py", line 539, in run_cell return super(ZMQInteractiveShell, self).run_cell(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 2975, in run_cell result = self._run_cell( File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 3030, in _run_cell return runner(coro) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/async_helpers.py", line 78, in _pseudo_sync_runner coro.send(None) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 3257, in run_cell_async has_raised = await self.run_ast_nodes(code_ast.body, cell_name, File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 3473, in run_ast_nodes if (await self.run_code(code, result, async_=asy)): File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 3553, in run_code exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) File "<ipython-input-1-38d4b0363d82>", line 1, in <cell line: 1> import pandas File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/pandas/__init__.py", line 23, in <module> from pandas.compat import ( File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/pandas/compat/__init__.py", line 27, in <module> from pandas.compat.pyarrow import ( File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/pandas/compat/pyarrow.py", line 8, in <module> import pyarrow as pa File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/pyarrow/__init__.py", line 65, in <module> import pyarrow.lib as _lib --------------------------------------------------------------------------- AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last) AttributeError: _ARRAY_API not found --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ValueError Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-1-38d4b0363d82> in <cell line: 1>() ----> 1 import pandas 2 frames /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/pandas/_libs/__init__.py in <module> 16 import pandas._libs.pandas_parser # noqa: E501 # isort: skip # type: ignore[reportUnusedImport] 17 import pandas._libs.pandas_datetime # noqa: F401,E501 # isort: skip # type: ignore[reportUnusedImport] ---> 18 from pandas._libs.interval import Interval 19 from pandas._libs.tslibs import ( 20 NaT, interval.pyx in init pandas._libs.interval() ValueError: numpy.dtype size changed, may indicate binary incompatibility. Expected 96 from C header, got 88 from PyObject 

Answer: I found a solution for now: I need to downgrade numpy to version 1.26.4 pip install numpy==1.26.4  or pip install "numpy<2"  Restart session after downgrading numpy  Was able to successfully import pandas.   Related git : https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/26710