Question: i installed Ubuntu 22.04 (fresh installation) an create an virtualenv with Python 3.10. The installed packages are as follows: libpython3.10:amd64 libpython3.10-dbg:amd64 libpython3.10-dev:amd64 libpython3.10-minimal:amd64 libpython3.10-stdlib:amd64 python3.10 python3.10-dbg python3.10-dev python3.10-minimal python3.10-venv  When I try to install the application requirements file I see this error:  pip install cffi==1.14.0 Collecting cffi==1.14.0 Downloading cffi-1.14.0.tar.gz (463 kB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 463.1/463.1 KB 6.8 MB/s eta 0:00:00 Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in ./env/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from cffi==1.14.0) (2.18) Building wheels for collected packages: cffi Building wheel for cffi (setup.py) ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [56 lines of output] running bdist_wheel running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/pkgconfig.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi running build_ext building '_cffi_backend' extension creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/c x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/opt/adapter-sqlpooler/env/include -I/usr/include/python3.10 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/c/_cffi_backend.o c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘ctypedescr_dealloc’: c/_cffi_backend.c:407:23: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment 407 | Py_REFCNT(ct) = 43; | ^ c/_cffi_backend.c:410:23: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment 410 | Py_REFCNT(ct) = 0; | ^ c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘prepare_callback_info_tuple’: c/_cffi_backend.c:6185:5: warning: ‘PyEval_InitThreads’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations] 6185 | PyEval_InitThreads(); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from /usr/include/python3.10/Python.h:130, from c/_cffi_backend.c:2: /usr/include/python3.10/ceval.h:122:37: note: declared here 122 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘b_callback’: c/_cffi_backend.c:6245:5: warning: ‘ffi_prep_closure’ is deprecated: use ffi_prep_closure_loc instead [-Wdeprecated-declarations] 6245 | if (ffi_prep_closure(closure, &cif_descr->cif, | ^~ In file included from c/_cffi_backend.c:15: /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ffi.h:347:1: note: declared here 347 | ffi_prep_closure (ffi_closure*, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1 [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. ERROR: Failed building wheel for cffi Running setup.py clean for cffi Failed to build cffi Installing collected packages: cffi Running setup.py install for cffi ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × Running setup.py install for cffi did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [58 lines of output] running install /opt/adapter-sqlpooler/env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py:34: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools. warnings.warn( running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/pkgconfig.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10/cffi running build_ext building '_cffi_backend' extension creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/c x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/opt/adapter-sqlpooler/env/include -I/usr/include/python3.10 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/c/_cffi_backend.o c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘ctypedescr_dealloc’: c/_cffi_backend.c:407:23: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment 407 | Py_REFCNT(ct) = 43; | ^ c/_cffi_backend.c:410:23: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment 410 | Py_REFCNT(ct) = 0; | ^ c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘prepare_callback_info_tuple’: c/_cffi_backend.c:6185:5: warning: ‘PyEval_InitThreads’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations] 6185 | PyEval_InitThreads(); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from /usr/include/python3.10/Python.h:130, from c/_cffi_backend.c:2: /usr/include/python3.10/ceval.h:122:37: note: declared here 122 | Py_DEPRECATED(3.9) PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyEval_InitThreads(void); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ c/_cffi_backend.c: In function ‘b_callback’: c/_cffi_backend.c:6245:5: warning: ‘ffi_prep_closure’ is deprecated: use ffi_prep_closure_loc instead [-Wdeprecated-declarations] 6245 | if (ffi_prep_closure(closure, &cif_descr->cif, | ^~ In file included from c/_cffi_backend.c:15: /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ffi.h:347:1: note: declared here 347 | ffi_prep_closure (ffi_closure*, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1 [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: legacy-install-failure × Encountered error while trying to install package. ╰─> cffi note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip. hint: See above for output from the failure.  any ideas?? I have tried reinstalling the Python installation packages but the problem persists, I have read some publications and indicate that the problem may be caused because there are no headers related to the python dev package.

Answer: Most probably cffi==1.14.0 is not compatible with Python 3.10. Try the latest version: pip install cffi==1.15.1