Question: I am using Termux for quite a while now and would like to install "Pillow" library on it. Whenever I try to install Pillow using "pip" it shows me the below errors. At first I thought I need to upgrade pip, but it did not help. I have also cleared caches, to no avail. Error $ python3 -m pip install Pillow==7.2.0 Collecting Pillow==7.2.0 Using cached Pillow-7.2.0.tar.gz (39.1 MB) Using legacy setup.py install for Pillow, since package 'wheel' is not installed. Installing collected packages: Pillow Running setup.py install for Pillow ... error ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: command: /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-record-rstq_guv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/include/python3.8/Pillow cwd: /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/ Complete output (172 lines): running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8 creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PdfParser.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/_tkinter_finder.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL copying src/PIL/features.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.8/PIL running egg_info writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' warning: no files found matching '*.c' warning: no files found matching '*.h' warning: no files found matching '*.sh' warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml' warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc' warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig' warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml' warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml' warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution no previously-included directories found matching '.ci' writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' running build_ext The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg, a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source. Please see the install instructions at: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py", line 864, in <module> setup( File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup return distutils.core.setup(**attrs) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup dist.run_commands() File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands self.run_command(cmd) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run return orig.install.run(self) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/install.py", line 545, in run self.run_command('build') File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command self.distribution.run_command(command) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run self.run_command(cmd_name) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command self.distribution.run_command(command) File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run self.build_extensions() File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py", line 694, in build_extensions raise RequiredDependencyException(f) __main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>", line 1, in <module> File "/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py", line 918, in <module> raise RequiredDependencyException(msg) __main__.RequiredDependencyException: The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg, a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source. Please see the install instructions at: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html ---------------------------------------- ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-install-48geu0sg/Pillow/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/tmp/pip-record-rstq_guv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/include/python3.8/Pillow Check the logs for full command output.  How do I install Pillow on termux?

Answer: First download the wheel module from pypi pip install wheel  Then install the libjpeg-turbo package. pkg install libjpeg-turbo  And now install Pillow with: LDFLAGS="-L/system/lib/" CFLAGS="-I/data/data/com.termux/files/usr/include/" pip install Pillow  Note: If you are using an aarch64 device, set the LDFLAGS flag to "-L/system/lib64/" related: Install Pillow in termux - Termux Wiki