Datasets:

esdurmus

/

wiki_lingua

like 40

{ "section_name": [ "Going Deeper", "Thinking Mystically", "Building a Mystical Foundation" ], "document": [ ". Whatever religion or belief system that you align you with, or even if you don't align yourself with any organized religion at all, you need to carve out time in your schedule for deep contemplation and meditative training. Pray, meditate, and contemplate constantly. To start praying, focus less on asking specific yes-no types of questions and more on focusing on feeling. How does it feel to get in touch with the higher power in which you believe? How does talking with your god affect your soul? For some monastics, time needs to be divided evenly between reading the great texts, meditating, and experiencing the world. As a rule of thumb, don't spend more time praying than you spend studying the religious texts you study, and vice versa. There's no specific goal or outcome of a meditative practice. You don't come out the other side of a meditation sitting feeling as if you've learned something, necessarily, or as if you've solved the big problems that you seek. Instead, focus on stilling yourself and increasing your awareness, then taking that into the world. To start meditating, learn to still your thoughts and watch them float through your mind without identifying them actively. Just sit, focus on your breathing, and fix your gaze on the void. Try to hold onto your meditation-mind for as long as possible throughout the day. Notice the little things. Slow down. A popular Zen saying compares Zen to a boat. You use when you need to cross the river, but you don't take it with you. Learn to leave your Zen on the shore when it becomes unnecessary. Religion, meditative practices, and other aspects of your mystical experience should serve your understanding of the world, not burden it. It's important to spend time with like-minded believers who take their mystical practice seriously. Learn by observing and having complicated conversations with people from your church, organization, or other religious groups. Bounce ideas and interpretations off each other. Learn as much as you can. In some traditions, finding a teacher, mentor, or guru is an essential part of practicing your own brand of mysticism and developing as a mystical thinker. If you're ready to pledge yourself to a serious practice, consider finding a personal teacher.", "Whether you think of yourself as a deeply spiritual person or not, a mystic is one who seeks to find order in the chaos and collect evidence of that order. If you're the kind of person who sees every strange coincidence, every elegant metaphor, or every pretty rainbow as a sign of something greater, you might begin to feel the presence of a guiding hand in which you place your trust. Religious mystics place their trust in a higher power, a powerful being that creates and controls the world and the people in it. Sometimes, as in the case of Zen Buddhism, religious mystics will also place their trust in a practice, that asceticism and meditation are the truest way to understand the world. Mystics aren't always religious, though they often are. The writing of quantum physicists and Jungian psychologists often borders on the mystical, the deeper it gets. Whatever system, being, or practice you've found in which to place your trust, place it there. Seek to find order and balance in the world, rather than emphasizing differences and disparities. Look for things you have in common with your enemies. Regardless of your spiritual or religious leanings, it's good to read and study a wide variety of mystical writings, across disciplines and dogmas. Christian writer Thomas Merton spent considerable time studying Zen Buddhism, mphasize experience. What is a mystic? What differentiates a Christian mystic from a regular Christian, or a Buddhist mystic from a regular Buddhist? Across practices, disciplines, and cultures, mystics have one thing in common: a deep personal and spiritual connection to their belief system. To the mystic, a personal experience of spirituality is always more powerful and more important than book-learning or hearsay. Simply going to church isn't enough for the mystic. Avoid the showy materialist trappings of some religions. You don't need an expensive rock garden, koi pond, and meditation pad to be a Buddhist mystic. You don't need a 13th-century crucifix to be a Christian. . Mystics need to center themselves and be fully present at all times. A mystic isn't distracted by electronic devices, stresses, or complex schedules for the day. Instead, the mystic should be focused completely on doing one thing and one thing only. When you're eating lunch, just eat lunch. Focus entirely on nourishing your body, slowing down, enjoying what you eat. When you're reading the newspaper, just focus on learning, reading the words, and understanding the concepts. Put yourself completely into each task. This can be surprisingly difficult, and it won't happen right away. Buzzing text alerts and constant 21st century noise can make it hard to slow down and focus. Try to simplify your life as much as possible. Start small. Put your phone away, except when you actively need it to make a call or send a message. Mystics want personal connections to the spiritual world and the self, not hearsay. Received wisdom and platitudes are made to be questioned by mystics. If you want to develop your mystical connections to the world, both seen and unseen, start asking the big questions. Whatever your religious or spiritual leanings, learn to embrace the big questions: Why are we here? What does it mean to live a good life? Who am I? What happens when we die? What does death mean to me? Not only is it important to ask the big questions, but to trust that your instincts will lead you to the answers that you seek. Trust in yourself. Develop your intuition and your self-reliance. Eliminate your doubts and trust that you'll have the faith to discover what you're looking for.", "Studying mystical writings and tomes is an essential way to learn about the lives of the mystics. Each tradition will have a wide variety of different mystics and different dogmas, and it's important to get some sense of the scope of different writings. Everything starts to seem interconnected and becomes more alike than different: Thomas Merton's No Man is an Island St. Augustine's Confessions of St. Augustine The Cloud of Unknowing, written anonymously Julian of Norwich's Revelation of Divine Love DT Suzuki's An Introduction to Zen Buddhism The Nasruddin Stories from the Sufic tradition Mystical practice is a combination of self-imposed meditation and contemplation and the specific guidelines of your religion or other practice. Each religious life will be different, because each religious person is different. Deciding what's most important to you and your practice is a decision that only one person can make. You. For some mystical Christians, living life as close to the way Christ lived is the most important aspect of practicing. For others, spreading the gospel is essential. Both ways of thinking can lead to mysticism and deep appreciations of the spiritual world. Mystics aren't part-time. Whatever your deep connection to religion and the big questions, it needs to be your biggest priority in life. Not your job, your family, or your hobbies. Your connection with the cosmos needs to be your biggest commitment. For many people, being a mystic is an entirely solitary life. Most mystics are monastic for a reason. If you want to be a mystic, it's hard to go out on Saturday night and have fun. Are you up to the challenge to commit? Part of Zen meditation revolves around letting go of these big concerns and embracing the void. For the mystic, that void should be your living room. Trusting in your instincts and diving into the biggest questions has a tendency to lead to even more questions than answers. It could either be frustrating or liberating to realize that you might never know what will happen after you die, or whether or not you're really \"right\" about your way of interpreting the world." ], "summary": [ "Develop a deep belief system with prayer and contemplation Develop your awareness through meditation. Abandon needless beliefs. Surround yourself with mystical people.", "Feel the presence of a guiding hand. Look for the interconnectedness of things around you. . Be present Question everything. Trust your intuition.", "Read the writings of the mystics in your tradition. Identify the central tenants of your practice. Make your spiritual practice your main priority. Embrace mystery." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Germinating Your Seeds", "Preparing the Soil", "Harvesting Your Peppers", "Planting the Seedlings" ], "document": [ "Place the seeds in a cup of water and place the cup in the fridge overnight. The wet and cold conditions will help jumpstart your seeds so they germinate faster. If any of the seeds float to the top of the water, throw them away. You only want to germinate seeds that sink in the container. You can also grow ghost peppers from seedlings, but these may be harder to find than seeds. Plant them in small seedling containers or peat pods. Push the seeds 0.25 inches (0.64 cm) down into the soil and cover them up. If you're using peat pods, wet them until they swell up. Then push your seeds just below the surface. If you're using seedling containers, fill them with soil and then cover the seeds. Place 2-3 seeds per pod or container. You can thin the seedlings later if all of them sprout. Keep the seeds moist while waiting for them to germinate. If you planted them in peat pods, they'll stay moist for a while. If you're using seedling containers, lightly mist them with water until the soil is thoroughly wet. Lightly cover the pods or containers with plastic wrap to help the pots retain moisture. Water whenever necessary to keep the pods/soil moist. Look for a warm, bright spot to place your pods or containers in, such as on top of your fridge or in a sunny window. Keeping them there will encourage your seeds to germinate. Look for tiny green sprouts to pop out of the soil or peat pod once the seeds have germinated. If conditions are right, this should only take about 11 days. Leave the seedlings in the pods until they are about 3 inches (7.6 cm) tall. At this point, they'll probably have 3 or more leaves. Continue to keep the soil/pod moist, but not soaked, while your seedlings grow.", "If you're planting pepper plants in the ground, pick an area that is free of any muddy areas or pools of water. On the other hand, the soil should not be completely dry, either. If your soil does not drain well, the easiest option is to grow your ghost peppers in planters filled with potting soil. To test how well your soil drains: Take a coffee can and remove its top and bottom. Dig a hole 4 inches (10 cm) deep into your soil. Set the coffee can in the hole. Fill in any extra space around it with soil. Pour water into the can until it fills up. Wait an hour, then come back and measure how far down the water has dropped in the can, using a ruler. If 2 inches (5.1 cm) or more of water has drained out within the hour, then your soil drains well. Peppers thrive in slightly acidic to neutral soil that has a pH between 6.2 and 7.0. Buy a soil pH testing kit from any garden store. You can use either a digital probe or paper strips. Just follow the instructions included with your kit for proper use. You can add pulverized limestone to your soil if it is too acidic. Usually, you can apply 5 pounds (2.3 kg) per 100 feet (30 m) square. If you're working with a small area, just lightly sprinkle a bit on your soil. If your soil is too alkaline (with a pH above 7.0), then you can add soil sulfur by lightly sprinkling some where you want to grow your peppers. Some gardeners will place 2-3 unlit matches in the soil per plant instead (match heads contain sulfur). Pulverized limestone and soil sulfur can be found at garden stores. Follow the package directions for exact instructions on how to mix them into your soil. Peppers need lots of warmth and light to grow well. If you have plants in containers, you can move them around during the day to ensure they get as much sun as possible. If there is ever a danger of frost, you'll need to cover the plants with a frost blanket. Dump a layer of compost about 3 inches (7.6 cm) thick on top of the soil where you want to plant your peppers. Use a spade to mix it into the first layer of soil. Add some bone and blood meal to the soil to make it even richer. Blood and bone meal are available at garden stores. Just follow the package directions for instructions on how much to use. If you are planting your peppers in containers, just use a good quality loamy soil mix.", "Ghost peppers are so spicy that few bugs pose a problem, but some slugs may bother your plants. If you see chewed on leaves, sprinkle diatomaceous earth (available at a garden store) around the base of your plants. Occasionally, aphids, pill bugs, or leafminers will bother ghost pepper plants, but this is very rare. If they do appear, ask your local garden supply store for a good quality organic insecticide. If you see spots on your plants' leaves, this is probably a fungus that thrives in damp soil conditions. Back off on watering your plants to discourage the fungus. Ghost peppers will start out green, then become orange, finally a brilliant red. The exact amount of time it takes for peppers to appear on your plants will vary depending on how warm your area is. In most cases, expect it to take 100 to 120 days for ghost peppers to reach full size. The peppers will be 2 inches (5.1 cm) to 3 inches (7.6 cm) long when full grown. The peppers become hotter the longer they stay on the plant. Ghost peppers are extremely spicy and can burn bare skin. Wear gloves, long sleeves, and goggles when you are harvesting the peppers. Clip the stems carefully instead of yanking peppers from the plants. Don't let cut peppers touch your bare skin. Keep children away from the peppers.", "Ghost peppers thrive in a warm, humid environment where the temperature is 70 °F (21 °C) or higher for at least 5 months out of the year. If you're worried about colder temperatures, plant the seedlings in pots or raised soil beds so the soil they're in stays warmer. If any of your plants are withered, diseased, or browned, pull them out of the soil. That way, there will be more room for healthy plants to grow. If you're going to plant the seedlings outside, acclimate them over a 10 day period by moving them outside for a few hours a day. Leave them outside for one hour longer each day. To plant the seedlings, dig a small hole in the soil just larger than the seed pod. Place it in the hole and pack extra soil in the space around it. Water it well when you're done. A 4 in (10 cm) pot will be fine for a pepper seedling at first. If you are putting your seedlings in the ground, just space them 12 to 48 inches (30 to 122 cm) apart. You can move your plants into larger containers later on if the original container becomes too small. Ghost peppers need soil that is always slightly damp, but not soaked through. Water as often as you need to keep it in this condition. The exact frequency will depend on your location and the weather conditions. For best results, water in early morning or after the sun starts to set. Add a layer of mulch around the plants to help the soil retain moisture. You can find this at your local garden store. Mix the fertilizer according to the package instructions, then add it to the soil around your plants. Fish and kelp fertilizer is a great organic option for nurturing your pepper plants. When you start to see flowers (which will be small, light colored, and have pointed petals) on your plants, switch to a fertilizer with higher phosphorus and potassium content to help encourage pepper production. Look for a fertilizer that is labeled 20-20-20. These numbers refer to the proportions of the minerals nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, since these will cause the flowers to fall off, and you plant will not produce peppers. You can find good options for organic fertilizers at most garden stores." ], "summary": [ "Soak your pepper seeds in water for at least 8 hours. Start your seeds in peat pods 6 to 10 weeks before the last frost. Water your seeds. Keep the seeds warm. Wait about a week and a half for your peppers to germinate. Let the seedlings grow.", "Choose well-draining soil. Check your soil’s pH. Choose a location that gets at least 6 hours of sun per day. Add compost and bone and blood meal if you're planting in the ground.", "Keep an eye out for pests or other problems. Watch for peppers to emerge. Let your peppers mature until they are about finger-sized. Wear protective clothing when handling your peppers.", "Plant seedlings in the ground in areas that are warm most of the year. Thin the seedlings by plucking the weak ones. Move your seedlings to containers or into the ground. Water your plants frequently. Add fish and kelp fertilizer to help the pepper plants to grow. Switch to phosphorus-potassium fertilizer to encourage pepper growth." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Dealing with an Approaching Dog", "Approaching a Dog the Right Way", "Avoiding Encounters with Dogs", "Blocking an Attack" ], "document": [ "Depending on where you are walking, choose a way to protect yourself. You may choose to carry a large stick, a dog whistle, dog deterrent spray, or a stun gun. You can purchase commercial products that are proven to deter dog attacks. Look for a whistle that irritates dogs. You can blow the whistle and most dogs will run away from you. A traditional whistle can also work by startling the dog. In addition to the traditional stun gun, you can find stun batons that not only work on dogs but may frighten them away before you have to use it. The dog will see the baton and hear its electric charge, frightening it. Don't make eye contact because the dog could see it as a challenge. Instead, watch the dog in your peripheral vision. Baring teeth is a sign of aggression for dogs, so smiling or having your mouth open can signal to the dog that you are a threat. Instead, press your lips together to hide your teeth. While commands might not work as well for stray dogs, yelling a firm, one-word command can get a dog to back off. Try commands such as “Stop”, “No,” and “Back”. Don't use a friendly voice when speaking to the dog, and avoid screaming or shrieking. Carry a spray bottle or a water bottle that has a nozzle. If you are approached by an aggressive dog, spraying it with water can get it to run off.", "Some dogs aren't ready to meet new people, so don't assume that a dog that is out for its walk wants to be petted. The owner can also offer advice on how to best engage the dog if it is friendly. Don't run or move quickly toward a dog. Never approach or pet a dog that is nursing her puppies. A flat hand will keep you safe and show the dog that you aren't a threat. Extend your hand but don't touch the dog until it's ready. If the dog is open to you petting it, then it will come to you. Keep your hand extended so that the dog can smell you and decide if it wants you to pet it. If you are afraid, don't reach out to the dog. Dogs can sense your emotions and might get scared. A friendly dog will perk his ears and lower his head. A dog that tilts his ears back, growls, or cowers does not want to be petted, so slowly back away. If the dog shows that it's okay with you, gently pet it. Pet the dog only on his head or upper back. Lightly pet the dog in his safe spots, avoiding his belly, tails, ears, and feet. If you know that there are a lot of dogs where you like to walk, consider carrying treats, such as a milk bone. Giving the dog a small treat can make you instant friends. Ask the dog's owner before giving it a treat. The dog may be on a special diet or may have already had treats.", "If you know that dogs frequent a particular area, choose another path for your walk. This is especially important if the dogs are strays as they are more likely to be hungry or territorial. While it's common for dogs to share walkways with people, think about how comfortable you are around dogs before you go to an area that is popular for dog walking. Dogs can sense emotions and will know if you're uncomfortable, which could trigger a stressed dog. Be on guard while walking on country roads. Unwanted dogs are often dumped in the country and left to fend for themselves, which leads to roaming dogs along country roads. Always carry a big stick and other protective items such as a stun gun while walking alone on a country road. If you are going on a walk to explore a new area, ask the locals about the likelihood of dog encounters. Dogs roam in packs in some countries or rural areas, so get information about how to stay safe before you go exploring. Dogs are very territorial and will aggressively defend their home. If you see a dog or know that a dog lives at a particular house, change up your route to avoid the dog. Large dogs can jump fences if they're agitated. If you see a dog that is walking near you or is engaged in an activity nearby, don't walk up on it. It's best to quietly walk in the opposite direction. Surprising a dog can make even the gentlest dog act out aggressively because it's afraid.", "If you run, the dog will instinctively try to catch you. It will see you as prey to chase down. Instead, you want to make yourself seem like you aren't a threat and aren't prey. Protect your torso and face by lifting your knee in front of your body. If the dog does bite or scratch, it won't be able to reach your stomach, neck, or face. Larger breeds instinctively go for your face, so block them with your arms. Crossing your arms will put up a stronger barrier than just flailing your arms in front of your face. Further protect your head by tucking it under your arms. Lean your head forward and fold your crossed arms backward so that your head is covered. Since dogs have prey instinct, curling into a ball can end the dog's urge to attack. While you may be afraid to lay on the ground, it's the safest option during a dog attack. Just play dead. Don't move or try to scoot away. Just curl as tightly into a ball as you can. Remove any items of clothing that may be around your neck since the dog may pull on it to play tug-of-war, which could strangle you. Fight back only if the dog is small. Fighting back can make the dog fight harder, especially if it's a larger breed that can overpower you. Don't try to engage the dog at all while you're on the ground. That means don't look at the dog, don't try to talk to it, and don't try to sooth it by petting it. The dog is in attack mode, and engaging with it will only antagonize it more. You can continue to shout commands if you've chosen to do so. The dog will only struggle to bite harder and hold on if you try to pull away. Additionally, you can rip the skin more and make your wound worse." ], "summary": [ "Carry protection. Avoid looking the dog in the eye. Keep your mouth closed. Shout firm commands to the dog. Spray water on the dog.", "Ask the dog's owner before you approach. Keep your hand flat with your fingers together. Wait for the dog to come to you. Watch the dog's behavior. Give the dog a treat.", "Choose safer places to walk. Cross the street if you see a fenced in dog. Be sure not to surprise a dog.", "Avoid running away. Bring your knee up. Cross your arms in front of your face. Roll into a ball. Ignore the dog. Avoid pulling away if the dog bites you." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Organizing a Hiking Pack", "Organizing a School Backpack" ], "document": [ "For good measure, tip your pack upside down over a bin and shake it to get any bits of trash out. Only when your pack is empty will you have an adequate sense of what it can accommodate. If you’ve organized your pack in the same way for a long while, emptying it out completely can help you imagine new ways to organize it more efficiently. Even if your backpack feels light when you first pack it, it will start to feel heavy after a few hours of hiking. Go through the items you plan on putting into your pack, and find the heaviest ones. Decide whether or not you really need them for the trip. For instance, if you have a cooking pan you really like but rarely use, it might be a good idea to leave it at home. Consider replacing it with a lighter pan instead. How much your backpack weighs in the end depends on what you can personally carry and endure. Different people can carry different amounts of weight. When organizing an internal frame backpack, the area at the bottom should be reserved for light material, while the medium-weight stuff should be packed on top of it. The heaviest things should be packed in the middle of the forward-most area of the backpack. In other words, the heaviest items should be against the area that actually touches your back. Similar to an internal frame backpack, you want to start with the lightest items first. After that, you want to add the medium-weight items, and finally, the heaviest. Tuck them as tightly as possible against the forward-most area of the pack. The goal in both modes of organization is to center the weight on your hips so that you can more easily maintain balance. Items that you might use or need at any time – insect repellents, snacks, rain ponchos, and so on – should be placed in outer pockets. That way, you can grab and use them easily without having to stop, unpack, find the items, and repack. If your backpack doesn't have many outer pockets, keep the more useful items towards the top. Leave the items you seldom use towards the bottom. Here is where you can think outside the box and get a little creative. Many items, such as cooking pots and bear canisters, take up a lot of space, but they are hallow in the inside. Why let all that hallow space go to waste? You can take advantage of it by filling it with useful items. For example: You can place shirts or rolled-up socks inside cooking pots. Rolls of duct tape can slide over hiking poles. Bear canisters are perfect for cramming with snacks and other scented items. Many hiking and camping backpacks have special compartments that have been designed for particular purposes. For instance, many backpacks have space for a water bladder (typically located directly behind and at the top of the pack). Other packs have slots specifically designed for sleeping bags. Consult your backpack owner’s guide to identify how the manufacturer intended the backpack to be used.", "Take everything out of your backpack first, including any smaller compartments. Next, tip it over a trashcan and shake it to get those last few scraps, crumbs, and bits of lint out. If you’re starting with a brand-new and empty backpack, you’re way ahead of the game. If your backpack is stuffed full of papers, books, and other stuff from your previous semester, empty it completely. In your first pile, place all of your school textbooks, folders, binders, and notebooks. In your second pile, place your school supplies, such as pens, pencils, erasers, glue, etc. In your last pile, put the other items that you use on a daily or seasonal basis, such as your lunch box, scarf, mittens, etc. If you take your laptop to school, you should put it in the first pile too. Discard or put away anything that doesn’t fit in any of these 3 piles, such as trash, candy, toys, extra phone chargers, etc. Backpacks typically have 1 large compartment and at least 1 small compartment. Open up the small compartment, and start putting your school supplies away into it. Some backpacks even have slots for pens, pencils, and cellphones. Use these for those items. If your backpack doesn’t have a smaller compartment, get a pencil bag. Put your supplies into the bag, then put it into your backpack. For example, put all of your English books, notebooks, and binders into 1 pile, and all of your Science stuff into another pile. If you have any loose papers, put them away into the right folder or binder first. If you need to buy new binders, folders, and notebooks, consider color-coding them. Use a different color for different subjects, like red for English and blue for Science. Stack binders with their spines facing away from each other. This will create a straight stack rather than a sloped one. It will take up less space. Unless you want to lag around a heavy backpack that is almost as big as you are, there is no need to pack everything. Each morning or evening before school, go through your backpack and take out anything that you don't need for the next day. Put everything that you do need back into your backpack. Leave the stuff that you don't need at home or in your locker. This also goes for school supplies. If you take art class once per week, there is no need to carry around your art supplies every day. While not absolutely necessary, this can come in handy, especially if you are in middle school or junior high. If you get a permission slip or report card that your parents need to sign, you’ll need a safe place to put it. Use a separate folder for this purpose. Place this folder behind or in front of the other books and folders. Things like lotion, hand sanitizer, and lip balm may come in handy every day, so you can leave those in your backpack for the entire school year. Other items, such as scarves, mittens, umbrellas, and sunglasses, will only come in handy during certain seasons. You should leave these items out until the weather calls for it. Instead of using full-sized lotion and hand sanitizer bottles, go for the mini travel-sized ones. You'll need to replace them more often, but you'll also save space. If you live in an unpredictable climate, then having a warm hat or an umbrella might be a good idea." ], "summary": [ "Take everything out of your hiking pack. Be picky when deciding which heavy items to include. Place lighter items towards the bottom if you have an internal frame backpack. Stack items from lightest to heaviest in an external frame backpack. Place useful items in accessible locations. Tuck items inside each other to save space. Use your backpack’s compartments as intended.", "Empty your backpack. Sort everything you’ve taken out into 3 piles. Put your school supplies into the compartments in your backpack. Sort your school textbooks, notebooks, folders, and binders by subject. Pack only the notebooks, folders, and books you need. Add an extra folder for parent-teacher communications. Change out your extra items with the season." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Finishing the Stocking", "Shaping the Heel", "Designing a Christmas Stocking", "Creating the Stocking Cuff" ], "document": [ "When you have finished picking up all of the stitches for the heel, count your total number of stitches and divide them evenly among 3 needles. You may have to have 1 less or more on one of the needles to do this. For example, if you have 84 stitches, then you can place 28 stitches onto each needle. But if you end up with 85 stitches, then 1 needle will need to have 29 stitches on it and the other 2 will have 28 stitches. When your stitches are divided evenly among the 3 needles, begin knitting in the round. This will start to form the foot section of the stocking. Knit several rounds until the foot section of your stocking is about 4 inches (10 cm) or longer. After the foot section measure about 4 inches (10 cm) from the heel, you can start to decrease the total number stitches in each round. Knit the rounds as usual, but knit 2 stitches together when you reach the last 3 stitches in the round. Then, knit 1 and repeat the round. Continue decreasing in this way until you have a total of 28 stitches. the remaining stitches. When you have 28 stitches left, bind them off. To bind off, knit the first 2 stitches in the round, then slip the first new stitch over the second new stitch. As you do this, let the first stitch to slip off the then of the needle. Then, knit 1 and slip the first stitch over the second stitch again. Repeat this until you have worked all of the stitches off of your needles. Make sure to leave a long tail (12 inches (30 cm) or longer) so that you can use the tail yarn to weave the toe opening closed. Thread the tail yarn through the eye of the yarn needle. Then, begin sewing the opening closed. Match up the bound off stitches and sew through 2 at a time to close up the opening. When you get to the end, insert the needle into the inside of the stocking’s toe and then-then turn the stocking inside out to secure it from the inside and hide the knot.", "Take ¼ of your total stitches from the first double pointed needle and ¼ of your total stitches from the last double pointed needle and transfer them onto 1 needle. You will then work back and forth across this needle in rows to extend the heel section of your stocking. For example, if you have a total of 68 stitches, then you would need to transfer 17 stitches from the first needle and 17 stitches from the last needle onto a single needle. You will not be working the rest of the stitches for a while, so you may want to secure them on the other 2 needles using end caps. These are small eraser-like cones that you can stick onto the ends of needles to ensure that your stitches stay put. Take the first stitch from your needle with all of the stitches on it and slip it onto your other needle. Then, knit to the end of the row and turn your work around. Slip the first stitch onto the empty needle. Then, purl to the end of the row. Turn your work around again. Keep working back and forth across the same row to extend the heel portion of the stocking. Repeat the last 2 rows until your heel piece measures 2.25 inches (5.7 cm). When your heel piece measures 2.25 inches (5.7 cm), start decreasing by 1 stitch each row. For the first row, slip 1 stitch over from the needle with all the stitches on it to the empty 1, and then knit until you only have 3 stitches left. Then, knit 2 stitches together for a decrease, and then knit the last stitch. Next, slip 1 stitch over to the other needle, and then purl until there are only 3 stitches left in the row. Then, purl 2 stitches together and purl the last stitch. Repeat the last two rows in sequence for 6 more rows or a total of 8 rows. This will continue to shape the heel section of your stocking. After your 8th row, knit across the row. However, do not turn the work around when you reach the end of the row. Use the needle to pick up 12 stitches along the side of the heel section, moving downwards towards the other double pointed needle. To pick up a stitch, insert the needle through the first stitch, loop the yarn over the needle, and then pull this loop through the stitch. Repeat this process until you have picked up 12 stitches along the side of the heel section. When you finish picking up stitches, begin knitting across the other needles. Knit all the way across the other 2 needles until you reach the other side of the heel section. Pick up 12 stitches along the other side of the heel section. This time, move up the side of the heel section towards the top of the heel section.", "There are many different types of Christmas stockings you can make. You can use a pattern to inspire your design, or you can follow a pattern to the letter to get the same results. Browse through some knitting patterns for Christmas stockings to get inspired and find a helpful resource for this project. Make sure to choose a pattern that is appropriate for your knitting level. Knitting patterns range in difficulty from easy to difficult. Patterns will specify the type of yarn that you need to use to create the project, so check the pattern to see what type of yarn is recommended. However, you can choose colors that appeal to you. You can opt for traditional Christmas colors, such as red, green, white, and gold, or go for other colors that you like. The knitting pattern should recommend a needle size. However, if it does not or if you are not sure, check the yarn label. The yarn label will provide a recommendation for the best needle size to use with it. Since you will be working in the round, you will most likely need a set of double pointed needles.", "the required number of stitches. Depending on the pattern you are using for your Christmas stocking, you will need to cast on a specific number of stitches. Check the pattern to find out how many stitches you need to cast on to start your project. As you cast on your stitches, divide them evenly among 3 double pointed needles. If you are using size 7 (4.5 mm) needles with a medium worsted weight yarn, then you would need to cast on 68 stitches. for the first 2 inches (5.1 cm). The rib stitch alternates between knitting 1 stitch and purling 1 stitch. Knit 1, then purl 1, and repeat this all the way around the round. Work the first 4 to 6 rounds in the rib stitch using a single color of yarn. This will give the top of the stocking some form and stretch. You may want to place a stitch marker at the beginning of the first round so that you know where your round begins and ends. After you have finished the ribbing, knit the rest of the length of the cuff. You may make the cuff of the stocking as long or as short as you like, but you may want to aim for at least 6 inches (15 cm) of length. You may change colors every couple of inches if desired, or work the cuff all in one color." ], "summary": [ "Divide stitches evenly among 3 needles again. Knit until the foot section measures 4 inches (10 cm) or longer. Decrease until the total number of stitches is 28. Bind off Sew the opening closed.", "Move half of the stitches onto one needle. Slip a stitch and knit to the end of the first row. Slip a stitch and purl to the end of the second row. Repeat this sequence until the heel measures 2.25 inches (5.7 cm). Slip a stitch, knit, knit 2 together, and knit 1. Slip a stitch, purl, purl 2 together, and purl 1. Repeat this sequence for 6 more rows. Knit across the row. Pick up 12 stitches on side of heel section. Knit around to the other side. Pick up 12 stitches on other side of heel section.", "Look at knitting patterns for guidance and inspiration. Choose your yarn. Select needles that are appropriate for your yarn.", "Cast on Use the rib stitch Knit the rest of the cuff." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Changing your Thinking", "Changing your Behavior" ], "document": [ "Although it may seem obvious, it is important to understand that the first step in breaking a bad habit is developing a true desire for and committing to changing your life. Many people embark on the path of breaking a habit without being certain that they really want to change. Breaking habits is a difficult task, so if you aren't fully committed to it you are likely to fail. Most habitual behaviors are patterns that have evolved because they have been rewarded in some way. They make it easier to perform a common task, or to deal with various emotional states. A “habit loop” forms from a cue, or trigger, that tells your brain to start the habitual behavior. The brain processes a “reward” from this behavior, in the form of neurochemicals, that reinforces the habit loop. Interrupting the behavior part of this loop is how to break a habit. To determine the most effective way to break a habit, it will be helpful to determine the situational and emotional context that triggers the habit. This can help you understand what “rewards” your brain is looking for. Having this understanding will allow you to develop other, healthier means of achieving the same rewards that the bad habit provided. Many bad habits come about as a means of dealing with situations that cause stress or boredom. For example, for many people smoking provides a relief from stress. Procrastination temporarily provides free time to engage in more fun activities. When you feel the urge to perform your habitual behavior, make a note of it. Often, habits have become so ingrained that we don’t even notice why we do them. Developing that awareness will help you pinpoint what is going on to prompt your habit. When you make your note, jot down what was going on at the time. For example, if you’re a nail-biter, note whenever you feel the impulse to bite your nails. Take a few notes about how you’re feeling, what has been going on during the day, where you are, and what you were thinking. Once you understand the situation that triggers your habit and the reward you receive for engaging in the undesirable behavior, you can make a plan that involves goals for behavior change and strategies for minimizing habit triggers. Studies show that having a clear, specific plan greatly increases your chances of success in breaking habit. It helps break down unwanted behaviors and also helps create new patterns of action. Plan to make mistakes. Do not make a plan that will be deemed a failure as a result of a single slip-up. Most people give in to the temptation of old habits at some point while trying to break them. If you accept this in advance, you will be less likely to let negative thinking defeat the whole enterprise of breaking the habit. You should include in your plan mechanisms for keeping yourself accountable, in the form of rewards for successes and feedback from others who support your goal of breaking the habit. You are more likely to succeed in your goal if you share it with others. More details on this are provided later in this article. In your mind, repeatedly practice breaking the habit by imagining scenarios in which you engage in desired behaviors rather than the bad habit. Imagine situations in which you would be tempted to engage in the undesired behavior and choose a better option. This helps reinforce positive behavior patterns. For example, if your goal is to eat less junk food, imagining yourself in your kitchen preparing a healthy meal, and sitting down to eat it. Some people find it helpful to write down \"scripts\" of their desired behavior and read them every day. Increasing your mindfulness in daily life can help you become aware of your actions, rather than functioning on “autopilot.” Mindfulness focuses on being aware of what you are experiencing in the moment, and experiencing it without avoidance or judgment. With practice, mindfulness can become a healthy habit that can counteract the bad habits you want to avoid. Mindfulness trains your brain to respond to situations differently. It can actually “reprogram” the way you respond to situations and stressors. It can help give you time before you react to something, and decrease your tendency toward “automatic thoughts,” which arises in response to a situation. Be conscious of when you are tempted to give in to bad habits. What are the situations that lead to the undesired behavior? What are the sensations in your body or thoughts in your mind that promote the undesired behavior? Understanding them without judging yourself will help you resist the behavior. Don't suppress thoughts about the habit. If you try not think about something, ironically, you will start to see it everywhere and become overwhelmed. Trying not to think about smoking, for example, could result in you becoming hypersensitive to anything that reminds you of smoking. You are much better off to recognize your craving and the situations that promote it, and deal with these issues head-on. Try mindfulness meditation. Taking a few minutes every day to become quiet and focus on your breathing will help you develop awareness of your body and your thoughts. Yoga and Tai Chi also encourage meditation, and they’re good for your health. Note when you feel the urge to perform your habit, but don’t judge those thoughts. You could try saying something like, “I’m feeling the urge to smoke right now” or “I really want to bite my fingernails at the moment.” Acknowledging your feelings will help you move past them without getting stuck on the thoughts.", "Research suggests that sometimes our environments can cue us to perform certain behaviors, even if we're actively trying to stop. Breaking a habit, then, is partially a matter of reducing situational triggers until you can develop new ways of dealing with them. Novel situations promote more use of the parts of your brain that are geared toward consciously making decisions, rather than slipping into automatic behavior patterns. A good way to avoid bad habits is to find a way to change your scenery and see if your bad habit becomes less tempting. For instance, if you like to smoke out on your patio, remove the chair you sit in and replace it with a plant. If you tend to overeat at the same location at the dining room table, move to a different seat or rearrange your furniture such that you're facing a different direction than usual when you eat. Subtle changes to the environment can make a habit less rote and force your mind to reassess what's happening. Forge relationships with people who support your desired behavior. You don't need to ditch your old friends entirely, but finding some new ones who live the way you want to can help minimize triggers. Go on vacation, if you can. One of the most effective ways to break old habits is put yourself in a completely new situation for a while, and develop new, healthier habits that you can then transplant into your normal life when you return. If you can create obstacles that make the habit more difficult or unpleasant to engage in than some other course of action, this can help you break the routines that have reinforced this habit in the past. Here are a few suggestions: Tell supportive people about your plan to break your habit, and invite them to call you out on your slip-ups. This will create consequences for succumbing to temptation. Or, even better, find someone else who wants to break the same habit as you, and quit together, keeping each other accountable. Anything you can do to break up the sequence of events that normally leads to the undesirable behavior is also a good idea. For example, if you are trying to stop smoking, keep your cigarettes in another room. If you are trying to stop logging on to Facebook during working hours, disconnect the internet or use one of the available apps that blocks access to sites like this. Even though these obstacles can be easily overcome, they are sometimes enough to break up the behavior pattern that leads to the unwanted behavior. Create small \"punishments\" for lapses. For example, you can use the same rationale behind a swear jar: every time you slip back into the habit, put a dollar (or more) in a can or jar. Set an amount that you'll hate to cough up whenever you give into the urge, and stick to it. When you've successfully kicked the habit, spend the money on a reward or donate it to a charitable cause. Or, if you are trying to stop overeating, add 10 minutes to your workout every time you overeat. A punishment related to the behavior will probably be most effective. Some habits, such as procrastinating, can be difficult to change because the solution seems so daunting. “Stop procrastinating” can seem such a big task that you wouldn’t be able to do it. Try splitting up your goals into small, achievable steps. You will get the “reward” of seeing success sooner, and your brain is less likely to resist your ultimate goal as “too big” to accomplish. Instead of saying “I’ll stop eating junk food,” say, “I’ll eat a healthy breakfast.” Instead of saying “I’ll go to the gym more often,” say, “I’ll go to yoga on Saturday mornings.” As you find success in those small steps, increase them to meet your ultimate goal. For example, instead of saying “I’ll stop procrastinating today,” set yourself a goal of “I will stay focused on my work for 30 minutes today.” The highly popular “Pomodoro method” can help you. Use a timer and set yourself a block of time in which you will focus on your work without doing anything else. Make this block short, no longer than 45 minutes. It can be as short as 20. The goal is to set yourself a task that’s reasonable and achievable. After you’ve finished that block, take a little break! Do something fun, surf Facebook, check your texts. Then, set yourself another block. This type of technique can “trick” your brain into setting new, good habits because you see immediate success (something your brain likes). Because habits are created when a behavior is rewarded in some way, a great way to create new habits is to reward yourself for good behavior. The most successful reward will be one that comes immediately after the desired behavior, and which is something you genuinely want or enjoy. For example, if you are trying to break the habit of being late for work, you could reward yourself with a cup of gourmet coffee each day you arrive on time, until the reward is no longer needed. Try to replace your habit with something new and positive in your life. The key is to have a plan for an alternative action to take when tempted to engage in a bad habit. For instance, if you're trying to stop smoking, eat a sucker, do breathing exercises, or walk around the block when you would usually light up. Filling the void left by your old habit with another activity will help you avoid backsliding. Try to make sure the alternative action isn't boring or unappealing. If you can make your new habit something you actually want to do, something you enjoy, or something that results in some obvious (and ideally immediate) positive outcome, it will be easier to make the switch. Behavioral conditioning is a long process, and breaking a habit takes time, so you have to stick with it. Be patient and kind with yourself. Conventional wisdom and self-help books have suggested that it takes 28 days to break a habit. The reality is more complicated, as recent studies have suggested that how long the process takes depends on both the individual and the habit, and can range from as few as 18 days or as many as 245. Even though this process varies between individuals, it is probably safe to say that the first few days will be the hardest. Some neuroscientists suggest people go through a \"withdrawal\" period during the first two weeks, as our nervous systems struggle to deal a change in the chemicals triggering the \"reward\" centers of our brains. Telling yourself you can't do something is a bad cognitive habit that will reinforce your belief that you can’t. Remember: being harsh on yourself for having a hard time or lapsing isn’t helpful to you, and it can make bad habits worse. If you notice that you’re criticizing yourself, remember that things that seem contradictory can coexist. For example, imagine that you want to break the habit of eating junk food, but you “gave in” and had a bag of chips with lunch. It could be easy to beat yourself up for this. However, being kind to yourself acknowledges your lapse and recognizes that this isn’t failure. You don’t have to continue giving in because you gave in once. Try adding and to your statements and creating positive plans for the next time you face a challenge. For example: “I had that bag of chips with lunch. I’m upset with myself for that, and I can help myself by packing snacks to take to work so the vending machines don’t tempt me.” You can also add the word \"but\" and follow it up with a positive statement, e.g. \"I totally screwed up, BUT everybody makes mistakes sometimes.\"" ], "summary": [ "Commit to a goal. Understand your habit. Examine the context of your habit. Make a plan. Visualize success. Practice mindfulness.", "Change your environment. Create barriers to the habit. Start small. Reward your successes. Find a placeholder. Be patient. Stay kind to yourself." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Caring for your Repotted Ficus", "Transplanting the Ficus", "Prepping the Pot and Ficus" ], "document": [ "Stick your finger into the soil—if the first inch or several centimeters feel dry, water your plant until the soil is moist. Check the soil every day for dryness. How often you need to water the plant may fluctuate based on the temperature, season, and humidity. Water your ficus immediately after planting or whenever you notice the top layer of soil drying out. During spring or summertime, fill a spray bottle with water and mist the ficus’s leaves daily. your plant 1-2 times a month during the spring and summer. During warmer seasons, spray a fertilizer over your ficus tree once every 2-4 weeks. In colder seasons, cut back to fertilizing the plant once monthly. Avoid fertilizing your plant more than once a month in winter when the tree is dormant. Diluted liquid fertilizers work best with ficus plants. If your ficus leaves look dusty, dip a washcloth or sponge in lukewarm water. Gently wipe the surface of the leaves to keep them glossy and lustrous. Do not use dish soap or other cleaners to clean your ficus. the ficus in spring and early autumn. Use pruning shears or loppers to cut back excessive growth or deadwood. Avoid pruning near the tree trunk, which can damage your plant. Prune either before or after winter, the tree's dormant season.", "Your ficus needs well-draining soil, preferably peat mix, to prevent it from becoming waterlogged. Add soil until the pot is about 1/4 to 1/2 of the way full—you will fill it up completely as you transplant the ficus. You can buy well-draining soil mixes at most nurseries or garden centers. Check the packaging for \"well-draining\" or ask an employee for assistance. To check soil drainage, dig a 1 foot (0.30 m) hole into the dirt and fill it with water. If the soil drains completely within 5-15 minutes, it is well-draining soil. Make sure that the new pot also has a few holes in the bottom to aid drainage. Use your hands to loosen the root ball as much as you can without breaking it. This will help the ficus absorb more water and nutrients when you transplant it and adapt better to its new container. Position the ficus tree upright into the pot. Fill the rest of the pot with soil until you reach the soil level of the plant's original level. Don't make your soil level any higher than the original container, which can suffocate the roots. Ficus trees prefer temperatures of around 60–75 °F (16–24 °C), or around room temperature. They also prefer bright, but not direct, sunlight. Whether you place your ficus tree indoors or outdoors, choose a spot with with moderate temperatures and lighting. Avoid spots with sudden temperature changes or cold drafts. Near a closed window, for example, is better than by an open door.", "This is your ficus tree's strongest season—in winter, spring, and fall, your ficus tree may be less adaptable. If you can wait until spring to replant your plant, leave the plant in its current pot until then. Most ficus varieties thrive best if you repot them about once a year. Indoor ficus trees are generally more adaptable to repotting, even if the season isn’t ideal. Pot-bound plants are more prone to developing diseases or becoming starved of nutrients. If you notice any of the following signs, repot your plant as soon as you can: Stunted foliage growth Roots growing through the drainage holes Weak or wilting foliage Instead of tugging on the ficus, squeeze both sides of the container and turn it upside down. Tap the bottom of the pot until you loosen the plant and pull it out gently at the base. Tugging on the ficus tree can damage or remove its leaves and flowers. Have a friend stand near the upside down ficus to catch it if it falls out of the pot. Inspect your plant's root system after you pull it out and transplant it a pot with the same depth. This will give your plant enough room to adapt without constricting the root system. If your plant's root system is too large, you can also cut back up to 20% of the root system. Trim along the outer areas of the plant's root system to keep the center roots intact and avoid cutting too much. Ficus plants prefer to be root-bound in their pots. Avoid choosing a pot that is significantly larger than the root system, as this can stunt the plant's growth. Place a 1 in (2.5 cm) layer of small rocks into the new pot. This will aid the pot in water drainage and prevent soggy soil. You can buy rocks suitable for plant containers at most garden centers or nurseries." ], "summary": [ "Water the ficus tree if the soil's top feels dry. Fertilize Clean your ficus leaves with a soft cloth. Prune", "Fill the pot partway with well-draining soil. Loosen the roots before replanting the ficus. Place your ficus into the pot and fill it with soil. Place the pot in a spot with mild temperatures and bright lighting.", "Repot your ficus tree in springtime, if possible. Repot your plant immediately if it has become pot-bound. Remove the ficus carefully from its existing pot. Choose a pot that is the same size or larger than the root system. Put a layer of rocks in the bottom of the pot." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Limiting Risk Around Sick People", "Reducing Contact with People", "Taking Precautions" ], "document": [ "The second you know that someone in your home has the flu, you should contact your pediatrician and let them know. Your pediatrician will be able to give you great information about how you can limit the chance of your little one catching the flu from someone at home. If you or someone else in your home catches the flu, ask your doctor about prescribing you antiviral medication. Antiviral medication can decrease the severity and longevity of the flu virus. The less time you’re sick, the lower the chance your infant may catch the flu from you. Antivirals work best if taken within 2 days of getting sick. You can take antivirals, like Tamiflu, while breastfeeding. Tamiflu can be used in infants as young as two weeks old to treat the flu. Some antiviral medications can also be used to help reduce the chance of getting the flu in people over 1 year old. your baby’s bottles. While sterilizing your baby’s bottles is a good policy normally, it’s extremely important during flu season. This especially important if you travel outside the home with your infant, as flu germs could live on objects for several hours at a time. By sterilizing your baby’s bottles, you’ll limit the chance of them catching the flu. You can also wash and disinfect your baby’s toys and other supplies they often come into contact with. Whether you have the flu or not, you should make it a habit to cover yourself when you cough or sneeze. The best way to do this is with a clean tissue. Afterwards, you should discard the tissue and wash your hands.", "As a rule, most babies should stay out of the public for their first two months of life. This should be extended when it comes to flu season. During flu season, the more your baby is at home, the lower their chance of catching the flu. Stay away from places with lots of people like the mall, grocery stores, or entertainment venues. If possible, keep your child home from daycare if a lot of children in your area have the flu. Only take your child out in public if necessary. Regardless of who it is, you should forbid sick people from coming into contact with your infant unless absolutely necessary. By establishing a “no sick” policy, you’ll help protect your infant from catching the flu. Ultimately, while you might alienate a few people, you’ll safeguard your baby’s health. Stay 6 feet (1.8 m) away from people who are sick or displaying flu symptoms By using a sling or confining your baby to a carrier, you’ll shield and protect them from germs and from people who may try to touch them. This is important, as many people like to touch the hands, face, and feet of infants. If your baby confined, they won’t be able to get close enough to do so.", "As soon as the seasonal flu vaccine is made available, you and other caregivers should visit your doctor and get vaccinated. By being vaccinated, you’ll protect yourself from being infected. As a result, your chance of infecting your infant will be much lower. Without a flu vaccine, you and your family will be much more vulnerable. Everyone who lives in your home or visits your home or infant should be vaccinated. You can get a flu vaccine from your doctor, through your work, or even at a neighborhood pharmacy. Flu vaccines are usually available starting in September. You can even get vaccinated while you are pregnant, so speak to your doctor about obtaining a flu shot. Typically, infants six months or older can get a flu vaccine. Getting the flu vaccine may dramatically lower their risk of catching the flu. However, infants younger than six months cannot get a vaccine. Talk to your doctor about whether a vaccine is appropriate for your child. Breastfeeding helps transfer a mother’s antibodies to her baby. As a result, breastfeeding can potentially bolster your infant’s immune system so they can better resist or fight off the flu. If you can’t breastfeed, talk to your child’s pediatrician about steps you can take to build your child’s immunity to things like the flu virus. While you should always provide your baby with proper nutrition, it is even more important during flu season. Good nutrition will bolster your infant’s immune system. In the end, they’ll be able to resist or fight off the flu a lot more effectively. Most commercially produced formula provides the nutrition infants need. If you breastfeed, produce your own formula, or feed your baby solids, make sure your infant is receiving enough vitamin A, C, D, E, and B as well as calcium, iron, and zinc. Talk to your pediatrician if you are unsure if your baby is getting their nutritional needs met. It’s important to clean and disinfect your home on a regular basis to eliminate germs that cause the flu. Choose a disinfectant formulated especially for killing cold and flu viruses, such as a spray or disposable wipes. Clean hard surfaces, like countertops, tables, faucets, light switches, and remote controls with the disinfectant. Wash blankets, towels, stuffed animals and other soft surfaces in hot water with non-chlorine bleach to rid those items of germs. Purchase alcohol-based hand sanitizer. After you've touched a door handle or something else in a public area, use it. In addition, use it again before you touch your infant as well as your phone or other gadgets that you use often." ], "summary": [ "Inform your pediatrician if someone in your home has the flu. Use antiviral medication. Sterilize Cover your mouth and nose if you cough or sneeze.", "Limit your infant’s contact with people during flu season. Keep sick people away from your infant. Use a sling or baby carrier in public places.", "Get vaccinated. Ask your doctor whether your infant can be vaccinated. Breastfeed your baby, if possible. Provide your baby with proper nutrition. Clean and disinfect your home regularly. Carry hand sanitizer everywhere." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Developing a Unique Style", "Improving Technical Skills", "Becoming a Professional Artist" ], "document": [ "If an idea captures your and won't let go you've got to pursue it. Great artists don't worry if it will sell, if it fits current artistic trends, or will take a long time to make. Great artists jump into their passions with open arms, trusting themselves to make it work. If you want a unique, refreshing artistic voice, then you need to trust your voice. It can be hard to embark on a project that feels weird, new, and experimental. But remember -- if you can't get passionate about the project, how can you expect your audience to feel passionately about it? There is a reason burgeoning painters spend time sculpting, and vice versa. All forms of art are intrinsically linked, and they share similar vocabulary and skills (color, shading, composition, etc.). By pushing yourself to approach art differently, you open yourself up to a wealth of new influences, techniques, and styles. Push yourself to get out of your comfort zone -- this is often where you make the biggest breakthroughs and personal discoveries. This includes other forms of art, such as writing and music. Creative expression, whether with a paintbrush or a piccolo, is about getting your ideas out of your head and into the audiences. The medium you use to do that doesn't matter. Great artists are often great readers, using books and literature to push themselves to new ideas and philosophies. They are unashamed of their past, no matter what it is, and are confident using it for motivation and inspiration. Furthermore, great artists rarely say \"no.\" They keep their minds open to everything, becoming a sponge of influences that come together to make something incredibly unique, and incredibly you. For most artists, art is a form of communication. You create art because you want to share it with other people. Otherwise, you could just leave the ideas in your head. Exactly how you want to show your work and to who is your choice. You could try to get your work shown in galleries and put up for sale. You could try getting published. You might be more comfortable putting your work online and possibly selling prints of it. Or maybe you would rather just frame some of your best work and hang it up in your home for your family and friends to enjoy. Ask for honest critiques, and try to accept them with grace. You will never catch everything, and your audience's opinion will help find areas to improve in. Ask people what they think about the art, and what it might mean. Does it match up with your own thoughts and ideas? Did you accomplish your goals with the piece? Could you better communicate them your goals, or are you happy with ambiguity and differing opinions? Constructive criticism is designed to help you improve your artwork, either the piece you're working on now or your future works. A person giving constructive criticism will usually point out both the flaws and the strengths in your piece and make suggestions on how you could fix the flaws. While it isn't always fun to hear, criticism is something you're going to have to deal with as an artist. Learn to identify when a criticism of your work is valid and use that information to focus on correcting your mistakes.", "Saying, \"I want to be a masterful painter,\" is a noble goal, but it is so broad it is hard to know where to start. Successful practice in any art form requires mastery of the smaller skills, almost all of which can be practiced independently of each other: Painters must master drawing and sketching, color blending, shading, brush techniques, and composition. Drawers and Illustrators need to draw, shade, color, and compose, and may want to learn the basics of digital illustration and animation. Sculptors: Often learn a wide variety of techniques and materials, from ceramic to metalworking, and must be able to sketch and draft ideas on paper. Advanced study in your material and tools of choice, including more scientific research, is highly recommended. Video Artists: Need to be fluent across the set, from lighting, audio, camera operation, and editing. Skill drawing (for storyboards) and animating are a big plus. Humans improve much faster through daily effort, and even 10 minutes a day can be better than 2 hours once a week. Find a way to make art part of your everyday routine, prioritizing it highly on your schedule. If you can't find time to make art every day, being a good artist will be exponentially harder. Give yourself a cue each day to make things easier -- first thing in the morning, after dinner, before you exercise, etc. Coupling habits together makes them much easier to stick to. Reward yourself slightly after each session -- maybe you don't eat dessert until done, or go for a run once the page is finished. Tie a good feeling to your daily art practice. Missing days is okay -- it happens. Instead of beating yourself up or punishing yourself with more work the next day, just get back on track. Art should be fun, not punishment! Not all practice sessions are equally beneficial. Every artist has areas and skills that they aren't very good at, and the best artists run to these areas in practice. Remember, this isn't always about making a publishable piece. Once you give yourself the freedom to practice things you're bad at, you'll notice yourself making much faster improvements in all areas of your art. Mindful practice is about finding mistakes and fixing them in order to improve. If you don't let yourself make mistakes, how could you ever improve. There is a difference between \"practice\" and \"performance.\" Once you realize that your sketchbooks and studies are there to help you get better, not to share with others, you can use them practice making your next \"real\" piece of art even better. A study is simply a test run of some aspect of your piece. For example, a sculptor doing a full length human body likely wouldn't launch into the replica without knowing her materials, style, and logistical concerns beforehand. To prepare, she might start studies in the following areas. Note that, though sculpture is the example, all good artists test before beginning: Difficult or unusual sections: Hands are complex organs with many moving joints and bones. Practicing a few hands and figuring out how they will be held, is best done before adding them to the final sculpture Logistic/Technical concerns: How is the sculpture going to stand up without falling? What base is being used, and how is the sculpture attached? Stylistic Elements: If it is a melancholic or sad sculpture, how do you plan to capture that sadness? Smaller sculptures and sketching facial expressions will help figure it out. You could also try to replicate similar pieces or emotions. Say you love to make impressionist, brightly-colored portraits in the style of Vincent Van Gogh, or abstract, cubist paintings like Picasso. While neither of them look like anything you could ever see in real life, both men are masters of realistic portraiture. You need to know the rules before you can break them, and the ability to perfectly replicate what you see in front of you is the best technical exercise you can perform. Try out: Sketching or drawing still landscapes Capturing the human body realistically, both still and in motion. Replicating your favorite paintings or works of art, teaching yourself the techniques of the masters.", "Every artist needs a portfolio -- the place where potential buyers or clients can see your work. Luckily, the internet is making it easy as website design spaces like Wix.com, SquareSpace, and Wordpress all have templates designed for artists portfolios. All you have to do is customize the name, color, and bio, then import images or videos of your art. Purchase a custom domain name if you are looking for professional clients. A site like www.MyPortfolio.wordpress.com looks much less professional than www.MyPortfolio.com. When done, attach this portfolio to all your social media accounts to make it easy to find. Consider printing (or drawing/designing, for memorable flair) some business cards to get the word around. Contact small galleries near you to see if you can put some work up. Look into that restaurant or coffee shop that puts work on the walls. And, if all else fails, throw your own art show. All you need is a space to hang everything, some refreshments, and friends willing to come and support you. Try to host shows with multiple artists when possible. That way, everyone brings their own friend groups so each artist can meet new fans. You never know if you can display your work unless you ask. Don't be intimidated -- they absolute worst thing that happens is the word, \"no.\" Consider hosting \"open studio\" session once a month, where friends and curious spectators can watch you work and talk about your process. Few, if any, artists are so skilled that they can't benefit from some kind of formal instruction. Art classes can help you get past problems with your work that you haven't been able to solve on your own, identify areas in which you could improve, or just give you some direction and a regular time to devote to working on art. There are courses available for all skill levels at colleges, community centers, local arts centers, and numerous other places. Your teacher and fellow students are essential contacts as you build your career. They can point to new opportunities, team up with you for shows, and support your work in the difficult early years when you're still unknown. Never discount a connection or friend. In the word-of-mouth driven art scene, a wide, strong social network is king. It isn't always a ton of fun, but it is absolutely essential if you intend to be a professional. No one wants to champion your art but you. And, in its own way, this is a good thing-- you no longer have to hope the \"right\" person shows up in your gallery. Instead, hard work online can get your work into many corners of the internet, and even make some money. If you make smaller, sellable art pieces, consider a shop on Etsy or eBay. Instagram, Tumblr, and Pinterest, with their large pictures and big art networks, are great places to share and see work. Pick 1-2 social media accounts to run and stick with those. Trying to work on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, etc. all at once is impossible to do well without spending all day on the internet. Artists need to stick together, and many of the greats have come from collectives and groups. It is no mistake that many famous artists knew each other before striking it big, and some of the greatest moments in art (Paris in the 40's, NY in the 80's) come from shared creative communities. So go to local shows, enroll in classes, and collaborate with other artists. A rising tide carries all boats, so get out there and make some waves. If you're struggling to find a community, look online. There are tons of forums, sites, and communities (like the famous DeviantArt) that allow you to showcase work. Pay attention to your contemporaries, supporting their own shows and work. When you are first starting out, your best network will be artists in the same situation. If you don't make art a daily priority, then it's going to be really hard to be a good artist. That is just the reality of practice-- all the talent in the world doesn't help if you don't sit down and make art. Honestly, this may require some sacrifices in terms of work hours, salary, and living situation. But if you want to be a professional artist, none of this should matter. You get to make art every single day! Always remember, especially in the early years of practice, that all of your favorite artists went through the same process." ], "summary": [ "Trust your gut when choosing projects. Experiment in a wide variety of styles and disciplines. Draw influence from your entire life, not just your artistic pursuits. Show your work to others for thoughts and feedback. Accept constructive criticism.", "Break down your chosen art form into the essential components or skills. Practice your art every single day, making it a daily habit. Take an honest appraisal of your artistic weakness, to practice with mindfulness. Take on smaller projects, or \"studies\" to help you ramp up to your big projects. When in doubt, practice realism, even if it isn't your artistic form of choice.", "Put together an online portfolio to showcase your work and talent. Host shows to get your work out there. Take classes to grow skill and make contacts. Devote time every day to self-promotion and social media. Get involved in your local art scene. Provide yourself a lifestyle that allows you to make daily art." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "When to Seek Medical Care", "Boosting Oxytocin with Intimacy", "Raising Oxytocin Levels in Other Ways", "Increasing Oxytocin Socially" ], "document": [ "Oxytocin treatments during labor aren't safe for everyone. If you and your doctor are discussing the possibility of using oxytocin, talk to them about any health conditions or concerns you have, as well as any medications you're currently taking. For example, oxytocin may be unsafe for you if: You have kidney or heart problems You have a latex allergy You are taking certain other medications that might intensify the effects of the oxytocin, such as prostaglandins", "Say things like “I love you” to those you care about more often. Oxytocin not only contributes to feelings of empathy and compassion (two key components of love), it is also boosted when you verbally express these sentiments. Similarly, tell friends and others in your life that you appreciate them by saying things like, \"I'm really glad we met,\" or \"It's great to have you in my life.\" Statements such as these will often lead to positive exchanges that give you both an increase in oxytocin. Touch of all sorts releases oxytocin into your brain, but different types of touch give bigger boosts. Hugs are especially powerful oxytocin boosters, especially when you're hugging someone you care about. Accordingly, get in the habit of hugging any loved ones you live with every day. When meeting people in informal situations, consider suggesting a hug instead of a handshake. There is a considerable difference in the amount of oxytocin each of these acts will release. Massages are another way to boost oxytocin through touch. Hire a massage therapist or ask a loved one to give you a massage. Hugging is great, but an orgasm will usually give you an especially potent boost of oxytocin. This release of oxytocin can calm you down and it also increases feelings of trust between you and your partner. Simply imagining physical contact such as hugging or cuddling someone can give you a boost in oxytocin. This will be more effective when you imagine touching someone you have a physical and loving relationship with.", "Aside from countless other health benefits associated with meditation, you can give yourself an oxytocin boost by focusing on positive thoughts about someone. To do so, sit down somewhere quiet and free of distraction. Close your eyes and simply think complimentary or hopeful things about one person in particular. You may even want to focus on one mantra, such as “Sebastian is wonderful.” Simply repeat this thought to yourself over and over, while pushing away any other thoughts that arise. The oxytocin boosts associated with physical contact are not limited to contact with other humans. In fact, another surefire way to increase your oxytocin levels is by petting a dog. Always ask before petting a stranger's dog, of course. Note that you may find yourself talking to the person as well—you are more likely to have positive social interactions with the people around you when a dog is around. You can get massive oxytocin spikes by participating in moderately stressful activities. This is especially true when you share such an experience with other people. Classic examples include activities like riding a roller coaster or skydiving. By experiencing something exhilarating together, you are quickly bonded to those around you. This occurs in part because of a flood of oxytocin released by your brain after an activity that feels dangerous. In fact, any sort of “adventure” with someone else can boost both of your oxytocin levels. Even a walk around the block with someone will have positive effects on your brain chemistry, as well as your feelings towards one another. If you're on your own and looking for an oxytocin boost, audio can help. Whether you put on some relaxing music or sing along to your favorite tune, both will positively affect your brain chemistry. Giving time or money to another person or organization can boost your oxytocin too. In short, being more generous will wind up making you feel more appreciated. Positive feedback loops form when people work together for a common interest and are grateful for one another's contributions.", "Make eye contact during conversation and otherwise give your full attention to the person you are speaking with. Keep your phone out of sight, square your body towards the person you are listening to, and indicate that you are listening with nonverbal cues like nodding. When you receive positive comments, you get an immediate oxytocin boost. In fact, any sentiments associated with giving or receiving love and admiration will increase your oxytocin levels. Meanwhile, people tend to exchange positive sentiments with those who feel favorably about them. Get in the habit of saying positive things to other people when they come to mind. Not only will you give them an oxytocin boost, you'll make them feel more comfortable speaking affectionately towards you as well. People are increasingly using online tools such as social media websites to interact with one another. While it's important to balance online interaction with face-to-face interaction, you can get a boost in oxytocin by exchanging pleasantries online. Next time you get on Facebook, for instance, make a point of liking at least 10 posts and make a handful of positive, friendly comments on friends' posts. Eating with another person is a proven way to bond. It can also calm you down and provide the opportunity for conversation. Ideally, invite someone to join you for lunch or dinner and offer to cover the tab. Giving and receiving also boost oxytocin levels." ], "summary": [ "Tell your doctor about your health history before using medical oxytocin.", "Tell people that you care about them. Give plenty of hugs. Have sex with someone you care about. Imagine physical contact.", "Think positively of others while meditating. Cuddle with a pet. Share an adrenaline rush with someone. Listen to soothing music or sing songs. Donate or volunteer.", "Practice active listening. Give compliments and encouragement. Engage positively with others online. Eat with other people." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using Other Phrases", "Saying \"Take Care\" In French" ], "document": [ "\" Translating literally as \"watch/look out\" or \"take heed,\" this phrase is a bit less friendly than \"prends soin de toi\" As such, it is a great way to say goodbye to acquaintances or to interchange with \"prends soin de toi\" when you're looking for new vocabulary. Fais is pronouced \"fays,\" and faites is pronounced \"fehts.\" Singular/Informal: Fais attention à toi → Look out (for yourself). Plural/Formal: Faites attention à vous → Look out (for yourself). \"Fais attention!\" is also used to warn people of danger, both in speech and on road signs. You do pronounce the \"s\" at the end of the first word, since \"attention\" starts with a vowel. If you're saying \"take care\" to help someone get better or work through an issue or tough time, you have several other phrases at your disposal. Try out: Tout le meilleur (Too leh meh-uhr) → All the best Bonne chance (Bon shan-ce) → Good luck Avoir la bonne santé (Av-war leh bun san-teh) → Have good health (clumsy, never used by french people, should be avoided) Meilleurs vœux (Meh-uhr vo-eh) → I send my best wishes. \" If \"take care\" is how you sign off on a conversation, there are other options. Some similar phrases include: À bientôt (ah bee-en-toe) → See you soon À plus tard (ah ploo tar) → Until later (you can drop the \"tard\" for a less formal goodbye) Je m’en vais (je men vase) → I’m outta here Because the expression is relatively new in French, it is still a little weird when it is used for letters, coming across as unprofessional and unlearned. Instead, use phrases like: Bien à toi/Meilleurs voeux (Bee-en ah twah/Meh-uhr vo-eh) → Best wishes Amitiés (Ahm-ee-teh) → Sincerely, Kindest regards Avec beaucoup d'amour (Ah-vek bow-coo dam-or) → With lots of love Grosses bises(Gross beez) → With love and kisses", "This is the informal, singular way to say \"take care\" in French. As such, it is only useful for talking to one person who you are familiar with. Warning: this is very rarely used and you will sound clumsy, awkward. To avoid this, add \"de toi\" at the end of the sentence (pronounced \"deh touah\") Pronounced \"pron swan.\" It sounds bit like a stereotypical French accent saying the English name \"Bronson.\" Try to barely pronounce the final \"n\" sound in soin. \"Prenez\" is the vous form of \"prendre,\" which means \"to take.\" The vous form is for second-person plural (\"you all\") and for the formal tense (anyone you would call \"sir, \"ma'am,\" \"Mr,\" or \"Mrs\"). You can use \"prenez soin\" just like you would use the English expression \"take care:\" It is more common to add \"de vous\" at the end of the sentence: \"prenez soin\" sound really weird. Pronounced \"pren-eh swan (deh vou)\" To be extra native sounding, you want a gravelly, guttural sound with the \"n' in prenez, like a stereotypical French accent. This is a simple and easy way to spice up your dialogue. Simply go from \"prenez soin de vous\" meaning \"take care,\" to \"prenez bien soin de vous\" meaning \"take good care.\" The change is subtle, but you can use it to mix up your phrases. \"Bien\" is pronounced bee-en \" The de allows you to add a person, place, or thing, changing the expression to \"take care of ________.\" For example, \"prends soin de ma mère\" means \"take care of my mom.\" You'll need to conjugate prendre to make the phrase work, changing the verb depending on who you're talking to. Though it is irregular, it is an easy conjugation: Je Prends Tu Prends Il/elle/on Prend Nous Prenons Vous Prenez Ils/Elles Prennent \" Just like in English, this is the longer version of the full goodbye. You'll need to conjugate the verb \"prendre,\" of course, to fit the subject of the person you're talking, as well as the subject. Informal: \"Prends bien soin de toi.\" Translates literally as \"take good care of yourself.\" Formal or Plural: \"Prenez bien soin de vous.\" Translates literally as \"take good care of yourself/yourselves.\" To convert \"take care\" into a question, simply add \"est-ce que\" and the subject. You end up with \"Est-ce que tu prends (bien) soin de toi?\" which translates to \"Do you take (good) care of yourself?\" Est-ce que is pronounced \"es-suh-kuh.\" You can also use inversion to ask questions in French: \"prends-tu bien soin de toi?\"" ], "summary": [ "Use \"fais/faites attention à toi/vous\" for a slightly more neutral \"take care. Consider other expressions of well-wishing. Use other expressions to say \"see you later. Don't use \"prends/prenez soin de toi/vous\" in formal letters.", "Use \"prends soin\" to tell a close friend or relation to take care. Use \"prenez soin\" to tell multiple people or a formal acquaintance to take care. Add \"bien\" before \"soin\" to add positive emphasis. Take care of someone or something with \"prendre soin de. Use the full expression \"take good care of yourself,\" by conjugating the phrase \"prendre bien soin de______. Add \"est-ce que\" and a subject to ask if someone takes care." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Pulling Out a Screw with a Broken Head", "Taking out a Screw with a Stripped Head" ], "document": [ "Screw extractors are designed to help you remove broken screws. You can find them at home improvement stores for relatively cheap, and they will make the process easier. Screw extractors work best on screws with stripped threads and/or broken heads. Pick a bit smaller than the screw. Drill a hole down the center. If it won't drill, try using a smaller bit instead, such as a 1⁄16 inch (1.6 mm) bit. Be gentle and go slowly, as you don't want to break the bit off in the screw head. Push the extractor into the hole you've just drilled. Push down on it as hard as you can, and then use a hammer to tap it fully into the hole. As you push down on the extractor, use your drill or a screwdriver to turn the extractor counterclockwise. The threads of the extractor should catch in the screw, allowing you to twist it out. If it doesn't work, try tapping the extractor in harder, or apply a lubricant like Liquid Wrench to the screw. Let the lubricant sit for 30 minutes before trying to remove the screw. To remove a screw without a head, you can simply grasp the end of the shank with pliers. Turn the pliers to release the screw from the material, and pull out the screw.", "Sometimes, if you go up or down a size in your screwdriver, you can get the screw head to catch, even if it is mostly stripped. You can also switch to a flat head instead of a Phillips. If it doesn't turn on the first try, move on to the next size. You don't want to further damage the screw head. Cut a large rubber band so you have a flat long piece instead of a circle. Lay the rubber band over the screw head, and then try to take the screw out with a screwdriver. The rubber gives it extra grip, helping you remove the screw. Sometimes, a rusted screw will bond with nearby materials. Spraying or pouring a chemical over the screw, such as liquid wrench, oven cleaner, soda (like Coke or Pepsi), or even lemon juice can dissolve those bonds. Spray or pour it in, and let it sit for 10 minutes before checking it. You may need to reapply it several times or even wait a day for the chemical to do its magic. Drip a bit of superglue on the screw head. Place the bit or screwdriver on the head. Let the glue dry, then try removing the screw by pressing down on the screw and twisting it out. If the screw top is completely stripped, use a rotary cutter to slice a small strip across the top. Pull the screw out with a flat head screwdriver or bit. If nothing seems to work, use bits to demolish the screw. For instance, you can use a large bit to drill down into the screw, essentially destroying it. You can also use a bit to take the head of the screw off and then pull the shank out with pliers." ], "summary": [ "Find a screw extractor. Drill a hole in the screw. Tap the extractor in with a hammer. Turn the extractor counterclockwise to remove the screw. Grasp the screw shank with pliers as an alternative.", "Use a different size screwdriver to see if it catches as an easy fix. Place a rubber band over the screw to increase the grip of the screwdriver. Pour chemicals on rusted screws to help release them. Glue the screwdriver or bit to the screw head for screws that won't catch. Cut a new slit in the top of the screw with a rotary cutter if other methods fail. Destroy the screw with a drill bit for particularly stubborn screws." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Preparing Fresh Amla", "Using Amla Powder" ], "document": [ "A pinch of sea salt or Himalayan pink salt atop the fruit will bring out its sweetness and add depth. It also takes away some of the sour notes of the amla. You do not need to peel the amla before slicing and eating it. Find fresh amla at an Indian grocery store when it's in season from December to April or order it from an online retailer. Slice the amla and lightly toss the slices with lemon juice and salt. Set the slices on a plate outside in direct sunlight for a few days until they’re completely dry. Thinner slices will dry faster than thicker ones. You can use a food dehydrator if you have one instead of setting the slices in the sun. Bring water to a boil in a saucepan. Place the amla in the water with a pinch of turmeric and salt to taste. Let the fruit cook until it’s soft before removing from the heat. Cutting small slits in the fruit before you boil it will let it soak up the turmeric and salt better. If you like amla a little crunchier, cook it for less time. The saltiness of the pickling neutralizes some of the bitterness of the fruit. Soak the amla in a brine in the refrigerator, making sure the brine completely covers the fruit to keep it preserved. Serve it over rice or dal, which is an Indian lentil dish. Pickled amla has the same detoxifying benefits as kimchi, which is fermented cabbage. It helps improve digestion and eliminate waste and toxins from your body. Typically, amla chutney contains ingredients like cilantro, green chiles, ginger, garlic, and sea salt. Treat it like a salsa and use it to top steamed vegetables, meat or tofu, or rice. Buy it from a grocer or make it yourself at home. Look for chutneys that have less preservatives and added chemicals. Chutney is also served with traditional Indian foods like idlis, dosas, and kebabs.", "The anti-inflammatory properties help your body digest food better throughout the day. Stir amla powder into a glass of water and drink it on an empty stomach when you first wake up. Add lemon juice and honey for a more palatable flavor. You can buy premade amla juices. However, many of the ones you’ll find at the store have added sugar and chemicals. Putting amla powder on bananas, apple slices, or melons will disguise the bitterness of the gooseberries. Plus, you’ll get all the vitamins and fiber from the additional serving of fruit. Avoid putting amla powder on citrus or tart fruits like oranges, grapefruit, or pineapple. They will just enhance the sourness of the amla. Amla has tons of benefits, but it doesn’t exactly taste great. To avoid the sour bitterness, take 1 teaspoon (4.9 ml) of honey combined with 1 teaspoon (4.9 ml) of amla powder. The sweetness of the honey disguises the amla. This mixture is also known to help clear up congestion and cure colds. Use raw honey. Because it hasn’t been pasteurized, it has more nutritional benefits than regular honey. One of the best and easiest ways to disguise the tart taste of amla is to mix it into a smoothie. Start with your usual ingredients like bananas, almond milk, spinach, and ice, then add a dash of the powder before you blend it. Pour your smoothie into a bowl instead of a cup for a trendy smoothie bowl. Top it with more fruit, shaved coconut, or granola. The amla powder will give your smoothie a slight brown hue." ], "summary": [ "Sprinkle salt on fresh amla slices to enhance the flavor. Dry slices of amla in the sun for a superfood snack. Boil amla with salt and turmeric on the stove to reduce the sourness. Pickle amla to preserve it for up to 1 year. Add amla chutney to dishes as a healthy condiment.", "Drink amla juice in the morning to improve your digestion. Sprinkle amla powder on other fruit for extra antioxidants. Mix the powder with honey if you don’t like the bitter taste. Blend amla powder into a smoothie filled with fruits and veggies." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Listening for Clues in Conversation", "Watching Their Body Language", "Moving Forward" ], "document": [ "You’re probably hilarious, so it might not mean anything when your friend laughs at your best jokes. But if someone laughs at every joke you tell, even the ones you know aren’t that great, it might mean that they’re into you. . If you want to test the water on this one, try telling a joke that you know is corny, then watch to see whether your friend laughs. If your friend is crushing on you, they’re going to notice everything good about you, from the way you look to how hard you studied for your history test. If you notice them giving you way more compliments than usual, they might be into you. Some people are just complimentary in general, so don’t read too much into a single comment. Remembering unimportant facts about you is a good indicator your friend is into you. If your friend is crushing on you, they’ll be paying attention to almost everything you say. If you mention you love Skittles, for instance, and your friend brings it up a few weeks later, they might like you. Your friend might just have a good memory, so it doesn’t necessarily mean they have a crush. It’s natural to want to be helpful, especially when you like someone. If your friend is constantly offering to do little things for you, they might be wishing they were more than just a friend. Helpful gestures don’t have to be a big deal. For instance, your friend might offer to grab you a bottle of water because you forgot to get a drink. If you think your friend has a crush on you, don’t take advantage of their desire to help you. This will make you seem insensitive and uncaring. Your friend might bring up the subject of your last crush or try to guess who you like as a way of testing the waters. If you say you don’t like anyone in particular right now, they might feel like they have a chance with you. If your friend likes you, they might act jealous or annoyed if you are crushing on someone else, or they might get very quiet if the subject of your dating life comes up. Your friend will probably not mention having crushes on other people if they like you. Your mutual friends will probably be able to pick up on what’s going on, even if the other person hasn’t explicitly said that they like you. Try saying something like, \"I've noticed Steph is acting a little different towards me lately. Do you think it's because she likes me?\" While you may be able to get some good feedback from another friend, the person may not be sure, or they may not want to get involved in the situations.", "If your friend is crushing on you, their body language will probably be more open, and they will usually stand with their body turned towards yours, even in a group. If your friend has a relaxed posture, with their torso facing towards you, it’s a sign that they feel at ease. It may mean they like you or it may just mean they are comfortable being around you. Watch for signs that your friend's posture has changed around you. For instance, if they normally act relaxed, but now they seem stiff, it may be a sign that they are nervous because they have a crush on you. If your friend usually has their arms crossed or they stand with their body turned away from you any time you're around, they may not be crushing on you. However, if they only act closed off every once in awhile, it might mean they are talking to someone else or are busy. Eye contact is one of the most universal methods of flirting. If you’re hanging out with your friend and you notice they’re looking into your eyes, it may be a sign that they’re interested in you. Some eye contact is natural during a conversation, so pay attention to whether your friend makes more eye contact with you than with other people. If your friend smiles at you before they break eye contact, it may be a sign that they're interested. If you want to show your friend that you like them, too, smile back! If you notice that your friend is suddenly making more eye contact than usual, or out of the blue they won't meet your gaze, it may be a sign that they've started to see you as a romantic interest. If a person is crushing on you, they’ll often play with their hair, touch their lips, or rest their fingertips on their collarbone. This is usually a subconscious gesture that indicates attraction. If your friend usually shows up in sweatpants and an old t-shirt every time you hang out, but suddenly starts dressing like they’re ready for a night out when you’re around, it might be a sign that they want to look better in order to impress you. When a person has a crush, they often subconsciously mirror the other person's behavior. If you notice that your friend touches their face or crosses their legs whenever you do, it could be a signal that they are especially tuned in to whatever you are doing. If you and your friend regularly give each other hugs, you should be able to tell if they’re lingering with their arms around you longer than they normally do. This is a good sign that they have a crush on you. If you and your friend don’t normally hug and they start hugging you, this may also be a sign they like you. People sometimes feel awkward when they realize they like someone. If your friend usually hugs you but suddenly stops hugging you, this might actually be a sign they have a crush on you, too. The more you like someone, the more often you’ll find excuses to touch them. If you notice that your friend constantly finds reasons to touch you, they probably like you. Your friend might compliment the softness of your sweater, for instance, while touching your arm. If your friend suddenly becomes very physically affectionate, it could mean they like you. On the other hand, if the two of you touch each other often and your friend suddenly stops, they may be self-conscious because they like you. Some people are just naturally affectionate. If your friend frequently touches anyone they’re talking to, it may not mean anything when they do it to you.", "Spend some one-on-one time with your friend in a place without a lot of other distractions. Try to act relaxed and natural so your friend will feel comfortable opening up to you. To bring up the conversation without seeming obvious, tell your friend how much they mean to you. Mention a few things you specifically like about them. This may make them feel encouraged enough to admit their feelings. If your friend tells you how much they value your friendship but doesn't say anything further, it may mean they want to remain your platonic friend. If you really want to know but they still haven’t told you, don’t be afraid to be upfront. Keep in mind that your friend will probably be caught off-guard, so let them know that they don’t have to answer right away. Try saying something like, “Lately I’ve been getting the feeling that you want to be more than friends. I think it will be better for our friendship if we talk about it.” If your friend denies liking you, try to move on from the conversation quickly. Don't make a big show out of being relieved, in case they are trying to hide their true feelings. If your friend admits that they like you, but you don’t feel the same way, be gentle and kind but clearly let them know that you’re not interested in dating them. Say something like, “I am so glad you told me and that’s so flattering. I’m sorry, but I don’t have the same feelings towards you. If you’d like, I hope we can stay close friends. If not, I understand.” Your friend may feel hurt by being turned down, even if you are very kind about it. Give them some time to allow their heart and their pride to recover. After a week or 2, try reaching out to your friend to see if they’d like to join you and a few other friends to hang out. However, it’s probably not a good idea to spend one-on-one time together for a while, to avoid your friend getting mixed signals. In the best case scenario, your friend will admit they like you and you’ll discover that you share the same feelings! In this case, plan a few dates, have fun together, and tell all of your friends! It's natural to worry about harming the friendship if a romantic relationship doesn't work out, but keep in mind that it will be better to know for sure rather than wondering later if you missed a chance at love." ], "summary": [ "Notice how often your friend laughs at your jokes. Pay attention to whether your friend gives you a lot of compliments. Notice if your friend remembers little details about you. Watch to see whether your friend offers to do favors for you. Pay attention if your friend brings up your love life. Ask someone who knows you both if you’re still not sure.", "Pay attention to their posture when you’re around. See if they make a lot of eye contact with you. See if they touch their own face, hair, or collarbone. Watch whether they change their appearance around you. Pay attention to whether your friend is mirroring your behavior. Notice if your friend gives you longer hugs than usual. Pay attention to how often your friend touches you.", "Give them the opportunity to tell you. Ask them directly if they don’t volunteer the information. Don’t lead them on if you don’t like them back. Give them space if you have to turn them down. Give dating a shot if you think you might like them back." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Talking to a Grieving Person", "Taking Actions to Support a Grieving Person", "Understanding Grief" ], "document": [ "Avoid presuming that you know what will make him or her feel better. They may know of specific things you can do to be supportive and there's nothing wrong with asking. It shows your willingness to stand by his or her side while through the journey of grieving a lost sibling. For example, you can say \"I'm so sorry for your loss. Is there anything I can do to help you right now?\" Let him or her know that you are there if he or she needs someone to speak with. Talking about feelings can help process the death of a sibling. Be a sympathetic ear, to the extent that you can, if he or she needs to express the painful set of emotions. He or she may want to talk about his or her relationship with the sibling while still alive. This can be a good way to memorialize the sibling. Avoid interjecting too much of your own feelings and experiences. You may have had a similar loss, but be mindful of being a burden with your own past. Your friend may need emotional space. You don't need to go into a lot of detail, especially if she hasn't offered the information freely, but by validating the event you can show her your willingness to engage with her in this difficult time. For example, you can say \"I heard about the loss of your sibling. I'm so sorry.\" Losing a sibling can be a powerful experience. A response of intense sadness and grief is often totally appropriate. Helping him or her understand that a strong emotional reaction is both \"normal\" and \"understandable\" is a good way of showing support. For example, you can say \"It's okay for you to be sad right now. I understand. I would feel the same way.\" You can also tell him or her that it's understandable if they have specific painful feelings related to being siblings (like guilt). These emotions are understandable to experience, even if they are ultimately misguided. Unfortunately, sometimes the loss of a sibling can be overshadowed by the loss of a child. Parents can sometimes \"take the spotlight\" in the aftermath of these events. Surviving siblings are often referred to as \"forgotten grievers.\" If you think your friend or loved one may be getting overlooked, talk to other siblings, parents, or friends about providing support. For example, you can say \"I'm worried about [name]. I think [he or she] is taking the loss really hard and needs support.\" Be mindful of other people's suffering. Avoid bringing this up to suffering family members if you're an outsider to the family. Talking to her other close friends may be a safer bet. Grief is normal, but sometimes this kind of loss can result in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, if the loss involved trauma. If he or she appears to be having a really difficult time coping with the loss, suggest that it could be helpful to speak with a professional mental health worker. For example, you can say \"You must have been really close to your sibling. Have you thought about talking to a professional who can help you understand what you're going through?\" In an effort to comfort someone without really knowing how, you may reach for the most familiar thing to say. However well-intentioned, offering up \"stock\" or \"stereotypical\" platitudes can simply make her feel worse. Rather than comforting, these statements can gloss over the pain of the moment and try to usher in a level of acceptance that isn't appropriate. For example, here are some phrases you probably want to avoid: \"You'll feel better soon.\" \"Time heals all wounds.\" \"At least you still have your other family members.\" \"Everything happens for a reason.\"", "Unfortunately, the bustle of everyday life doesn't go away when you lose someone close to you. Help out by taking care of some of these daily needs. Ask him or her if you can help with groceries, flowers for the funeral, or anything else. Simple gestures like these will go a long way to comforting and supporting someone during this hard time. Bringing frozen meals over is a safe bet for someone who is grieving. This will show that you care and want to ease the pain of the grieving process by letting him or her focus energy on the family rather than figuring out what to make for dinner. If there are any responsibilities that have to do with the funeral, housing relatives, or providing transport for people, lend a hand with these tasks. These responsibilities can be a heavy burden when trying to deal with the weight of loss. You may not be able to do all of them for this person, such as talking to a funeral home director or providing a place to stay for visiting family, but any help you can manage will lighten the load. He or she may occasionally need a break from thinking about what's happened with a sibling. Take him or her to see a movie, pack a picnic, or do something else together that could be enjoyable. It doesn't need to be anything expensive or elaborate; the gesture and the company count the most. It's true that your friend or loved one may need concentrated support right after the death, but grief requires a lot of time and effort to process. If you want to provide comfort to the best of your abilities, understand that it may take months or even years to deal with the loss. Offer support at the beginning, but keep him or her in mind later as well. Many people's support will fall off after a while. If you truly want to help, be sensitive to the needs and the pain for as long as it takes.", "There are five different stages of grief that people go through following this kind of loss. Memorize these steps so that you can figure out where your friend is at in the process and try to help with each specific step. Remember that people are different and some do not go through the stages in order and can revisit past stages before reaching acceptance. Denial is first. Denial of the reality of the loss is a normal reaction. It may seem like he or she doesn't realize the death of her sibling. It may not have set in yet. Anger comes next. Once the reality of the loss does set in, it's normal to experience anger over the loss. He or she may be angry at the sibling, at herself, or at someone else. Bargaining is third. This shows up as a desire to change the situation, such as wishing that he or she had done something differently. Depression is the fourth step. This is the stage where people mourn the loss and bid the person farewell. It's an essential step in the process of grieving. Acceptance is the final stage. After all of the stages of resistance to loss, acceptance is the stage where people finally come to terms. It's not happiness, but it is calm compared to the stages before it. The grief of losing a loved one is bad enough, but losing a sibling often creates specific painful responses. For example, someone may feel bad about how he or she treated her sibling in the past. A person may feel \"survivor's guilt\" over being left alive. When talking to your friend or loved one and doing things for him or her, be aware of these difficult issues associated with the loss of a sibling. If you notice that he or she is feeling these things, try to reassure him or her that it was not his or her fault. Grief does not always have a timeline and time does not necessarily heal all wounds. You can expect him or her to get better as time passes, but they may never make a full recovery. People respond differently to loss. Avoid pushing someone to move on. Allow the person to grieve and recover at his or her own pace. If you feel yourself getting impatient, it's better to back off and let someone else offer support than to pass those feelings on to her. It's perfectly okay for him or her to spend some time alone. He or she may want to dedicate time and energy to thinking about his or her sibling and processing all of the emotions that come up. If your friend or loved one says that he or she needs space, try to be understanding. Tell him or her that you're here if he or she does need someone to talk to or be around." ], "summary": [ "Ask how you can help. Listen. Acknowledge the loss. Help him or her understand that his or her pain makes sense. Talk to his or her family and friends about supporting him or her. Gently recommend counseling if it seems appropriate. Avoid well-meaning but unhelpful statements.", "Offer to run errands. Prepare meals. Help with arrangements. Take his or her mind off things. Keep your availability open.", "Look for the five stages of grief. Pay attention to specific issues with losing a sibling. Give him or her plenty of time. Be aware that this person may need space." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Changing Your Habits", "Seeking Help" ], "document": [ "If your teacher allows you to pick your own seats, choose to sit next to a student you don’t know. Sitting next to a buddy of yours makes it extremely difficult to focus on staying quiet. It’s also helpful to pick a seat closer to the front of the classroom. Close proximity to the teacher will make it harder for you to chit chat as the teacher will likely remind you to quiet down. It’s also a good idea to look for a student who you know is very quiet, and sit next to them. Chances are they won't try to start a conversation in the middle of class like your best friend might. Pay attention to your peers, you'll probably notice at least one student who is reserved and rarely talks during class. Think of this student as your guide, and mimic their behavior in the classroom. If they are sitting attentively with their book open, you should be doing the same. Before you open your mouth, think to yourself “Is this something that can wait?” Or “Will my teacher be upset if I interrupt to say this?” Many students talk during class because they forget to filter their thoughts before letting them escape as words. Forgetting to filter your thoughts results in blurting out whatever it is you are thinking for the whole class to hear. Take the time to really think about what you want to say during class for relevance. If it is at all disruptive, like \"This subject is boring, is class almost over?\" do not say that out loud. A good trick is to raise your hand every time you think of something to say. While waiting for the teacher to call on you, think about whether or not what you have to say pertains to what the teacher is discussing. If it’s not related to the lesson, put your hand down and remain quiet. Always raise your hand when you have a question about class. Not talking during class does not mean your questions about the lesson should go unanswered. If you find yourself with so many things to say that it’s almost impossible to stay quiet, write them down instead. Many students have a problem staying quiet when they think they have a funny joke or anecdote to share with the class, this is a great alternative to interrupting the class with your joke. It also helps if you're constantly thinking of things you'd like to ask your friend during class. Grab a piece of paper and jot down all the jokes you thought up and all the things you have to ask your friend, instead of speaking them. For instance, if you're sitting in class and remember that your mom said it was okay for your buddy to stay the night this weekend, instead of turning to ask them during class, take out your notebook and write \"Remember to tell Jimmy that my mom said it was okay for them to stay the night this weekend.\" Although it doesn't involve talking, texting what you have to say is never a good option. You should never have your phone out during class, it distracts you from the lesson and disrupts the class when the teacher has to stop and ask you to put it away. Leave your phone tucked away in a safe place like your pocket or locker. Sometimes it’s not that you can’t stay quiet, but that you can’t stop responding to talkative people. Politely tell the students around you before class that you can’t talk to them until class is finished. Then ignore their comments during the lesson. They will soon figure out that you no longer talk during class and will stop trying. While out in the hallway before class, try taking your talkative classmates aside and say something like “I’m not going to talk during class anymore, so can we talk at lunch instead?” Ignoring comments made in class can be difficult, especially if someone says something that upsets you. If this happens, write it down so you can tell the person who said it later that it upset you instead of angrily responding and disrupting the class lecture.", "There is no shame in asking someone to help you stop talking. Try asking one of your friends to give you a cue whenever you start to talk in class. Maybe they can cough or tap your shoulder. Whatever cue you decide on, make sure it doesn’t involve them talking to you at all or it defeats the purpose. It may seem like your teacher is always yelling at you to stop talking, but they can be a great help if you ask them. Tell your teacher you’re having a hard time not talking in class, and see if they have any suggestions for things you can try. After class, tell your teacher something like \"I'm trying really hard to stop talking during your class, but I'm still struggling with it. Could you please help me?\" More than likely, your teacher will be delighted to give you some pointers on staying quiet. Put a sticky note on your desk and write something on it to remind yourself not to talk. Every time you get the urge to speak, glance down at your sticky note. Try writing something like “I can talk when class is over.” Or “Silence is golden.” . Just keep trying to stay quiet during class. It may take some time for you to learn these new techniques, but don’t give up! Set realistic goals for yourself, you might not be able to completely stop talking over night. To avoid frustration and getting discouraged, start by focusing on not talking at all through the first half of class. Once that becomes second nature, make your goal to not speak during the entire class. As you meet your goals, reward yourself with a piece of candy or 10 extra minutes of play time after school. Positive reinforcements like these will help you continue to keep up the good work." ], "summary": [ "Switch your seat. Model after a quiet kid. Think before you speak. Write it down. Put your phone away. Avoid responding to classmates.", "Ask your friends to help. Consult your teacher. Use a visual aid. Don't get discouraged Reward yourself." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Undergoing a Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant", "Treating Lymphoma with Chemotherapy", "Using Radiation Therapy to Treat Lymphoma", "Taking Steroids to Treat Hodgkin’s Lymphoma" ], "document": [ "Before you undergo a stem cell or bone marrow transplant, your doctor may recommend that you go through chemo, radiation, or both. Intense doses of chemotherapy and radiation will kill the cancerous cells, making it less likely they’ll multiply later. If your doctor recommends intense chemotherapy, they may prefer you to have it on an inpatient basis, or in a specialized cancer center where you'll have more support. The side effects of intense chemotherapy might be more than you can treat on your own at home. If your doctor recommends you only undergo radiation before the transplant, they may recommend full-body irradiation. Instead of targeted irradiation, you would be placed under a machine like an MRI machine, and your entire body would be radiated. If the lymphoma has not yet spread to your blood or bone marrow cells, your doctor may be able to remove some of your healthy cells, then re-inject you with them after your chemo or radiation. Your doctor will need to perform blood and bone marrow tests to see if you qualify for this type of transplant. If the lymphoma has already spread, you can’t be re-injected with your own cells. Instead, you can undergo an allogeneic transplant, which uses the cells of a donor instead of your own. You’ll still need to undergo chemo or radiation first.", "Depending on your age, overall health, and the type and stage of your lymphoma, your doctor can tell you which chemo drugs are best for your treatment. Intravenous chemotherapy drugs are injected directly into your bloodstream. You may have several weeks of treatment, followed by several weeks to allow your body to rest. If you have severe side effects from the chemotherapy, you might be admitted to the hospital for a few days. Chemotherapy drugs administered through tablets tend to be less intense than intravenous drugs. Your doctor might prescribe this type of treatment if your body can’t handle the injection of chemo drugs, or if your lymphoma is at a low stage (stage 1 or 2). How and when you take them will depend on a lot of factors, so make sure you follow your doctor’s instructions exactly. If your lymphoma is incurable, your doctor may prescribe chemo tablets to help treat your symptoms and make you more comfortable.", "If your lymphoma is only in 1 part of your body, your doctor might suggest external beam radiation. A machine directs radiation through the skin to the affected lymph nodes. Radioimmunotherapy combines external beam radiation with drugs that contain radioactive material. The drugs target the cancer cells, and their radioactive nature allows the external beam radiation to target cancerous cells more precisely (rather than lots of tissue around the tumors). It’s often used to shrink tumors near other organs. How and when exactly you need to take your immunotherapy drugs will depend on the exact nature of your cancer and overall health. Your doctor will tell you when you should take your drugs, the exact dosage, and when to have your radiation. If your lymphoma has progressed or spread significantly, your doctor might recommend you have a stem cell or bone marrow transplant. To prepare for this, your doctor might suggest you undergo full body irradiation to kill as many cancerous cells as possible.", "If you have Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, steroids taken with your chemotherapy might help treat it. Your doctor will be able to tell you, depending on previous treatments, your overall health, and the current stage of your cancer, whether it’s a good option for treatment. If your doctor decides steroids are a productive addition to your treatment plan, they might prescribe them for you intravenously. In that case, they would be administered to you at the same time as your outpatient chemotherapy. Depending on the dosage you need, your doctor might prescribe steroids in pill form instead. Follow your doctor’s instructions for taking them exactly – to work with the chemotherapy you’ll need to take them at specific times." ], "summary": [ "Undergo preparatory chemo and radiation. Undergo an autologous transplant if your cells are healthy enough. Use a donor’s cells if your own aren’t healthy enough.", "Talk to your doctor to decide which combination of chemo drugs you need. Get chemotherapy intravenously for widespread, treatable lymphoma. Take chemotherapy tablets if you can’t handle IV chemo.", "Undergo external beam radiation for lymphoma in 1 part of your body. Use radioimmunotherapy to target aggressive cancer cells. Undergo total body irradiation if you’re undergoing a transplant.", "Talk to your doctor. Get the steroids intravenously at the same time as chemotherapy. Take steroid pills for lower doses." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Applying the Dye to a Strand", "Determining the Results", "Preparing the Dye for the Test" ], "document": [ "Separate a strand of your hair that doesn’t often show in whatever style you most commonly wear your hair in. Clip back the surrounding hair so that it doesn’t get in the way or get dyed accidentally. Try a section near your ear for an easily accessible and often hidden strand. Separate a strand that’s at least an inch wide for a more accurate representation of what a larger quantity of hair will look like once dyed. Choose a strand that includes some gray hairs if you aim to cover grays with this dye. You may perform this test by cutting a smaller strand of hair off to dye it, but note that this will only test for color results, not allergic reactions. Use an applicator brush, comb, or your gloved fingertips to apply the mixed hair dye from your bowl to your separated strand of hair. Make sure to work the dye through the hair strand thoroughly from root to tip as you would when dyeing normally and according to your instructions. Try to apply to roots as close to the scalp as possible without getting dye directly on the skin of the scalp. If this is your first time dyeing your hair, apply dye to the middle of your hair strand and leave it in for 15 minutes before you apply to the roots and ends. Dye processes more quickly at the roots of hair due to heat from your scalp, as well as at the ends due to dryness, so this application may help to create more even color. If you’ve dyed your hair previously, apply the current dye to your strand of hair at the roots down to where your previous dye color shows and leave it in for 15 minutes before adding color to the rest of the strand. This will help even out possible differences in color between previously dyed hair and undyed roots. Leave the dye in for 30 minutes or whatever duration your specific instructions recommend. Take care to keep the dyed strand from touching any other hair, your skin, or clothes during this time. You can wrap your dyed strand in tinfoil or plastic wrap to protect it if you wish. Note that this can also accelerate the dyeing process and result in stronger color due to the heat insulated within. Rinse out the dye from your strand of hair with warm water until the water runs clear, then blow dry or let it air dry. Don’t use shampoo on your hair right away, but you may use a small amount of conditioner after the rinse if you wish. Try to keep the strand isolated during rinsing and drying so you can more accurately compare and determine the results.", "Wait another 24 hours after your strand dries to determine the results of the test. This will allow any allergic reactions to fully develop, and let you observe the color of the dyed strand in different lights and get used to the color. If you know you are not allergic to the ingredients in your particular dye, you can perform the full dye on the rest of your hair right after the strand test, though waiting a full day can still be beneficial to help you get a better idea of the color. During the 24-hour period, test the condition of your hair by feeling its texture compared to your non-dyed hair and stretching out an individual hair to see how it behaves. Damaged hair will feel dry or coarser than normal, and will not resume its normal shape or length after being pulled. To do a more accurate allergy test, you should perform a separate patch test by applying a small amount of dye to your inner elbow and observing your skin after 48 hours. If you notice any redness, itching, swelling, or pain with either a strand or patch test, you should wash off the dye immediately and not use it again. Look at your dyed strand when it is fully dry. If the color is darker than you wanted, leave the dye on for a shorter period of time or select a lighter shade when you dye your full head of hair. The color on your hair strand may turn out darker if your hair is dry and brittle from excessive heat exposure or previous dyes. You may want to treat dry hair for a few weeks or months before you do a full dye. Color can also turn out darker if your hair is currently a lighter shade or if you’ve had it previously bleached or permed. Observe your fully dried hair strand to see if the new color is lighter than you want or expected. If so, leave the dye in for longer or select a darker shade of dye when you treat your full head of hair. Your hair may not take the color as well if it has been recently shampooed or if you have previously colored your hair using henna, which can leave a residue that prevents dye from working as well. You may want to leave your hair color in longer, and apply it when your hair has not been washed in a couple of days. Hair dye also may not bind to your hair as well if you’re taking certain medications such as thyroid treatments, certain hormone therapies, or chemotherapy. You should apply dye when you are not taking these medications if possible, and consult a doctor or pharmacist to be sure that hair dyes will not interfere with the performance of any medication. Look at your dyed strand of hair when it is dry to see if it is a different tone or color than you were expecting. You will likely want to purchase a different shade for the full hair dye if this is the case. If the color is too red, yellow, or “brassy,” try a dye with “ash” in the name of the shade (like “ash blonde” or “ash brown”) to neutralize it. You can mix the ash shade with your current shade to achieve the desired color. You may want to do another strand test after mixing the two shades. If the color is not covering gray hair, you may need to leave the dye on for a longer period of time (see your specific dye instructions) or apply a cover or heat to your hair while the dye sits. Replicate your exact process during the strand test when you use the full amount of dye on the rest of your hair. If you weren’t happy with the strand’s color, do another strand test with a new shade, mix of shades, or a different time period/heat application to achieve the desired results. If you do another strand test, isolate a different strand of hair than the one you used for the first test.", "Pull on the plastic gloves provided in your dyeing kit to protect your hands from the chemicals in the dye. You should leave these gloves on throughout the strand test. If you don’t have gloves included with your dyeing materials, purchase any disposable latex or latex alternative gloves from the store. It’s important that you avoid contact of the dye with your skin. Many products contain dyeing agents that are toxic and can stain the skin. If you do get dye on your skin, rinse with warm water as soon as possible. For more stubborn stains, use olive oil, baby oil, or a gentle soap or laundry detergent. Squeeze 1 teaspoon of hair color and 1.5 teaspoon of developing cream into a plastic bowl and mix together thoroughly with a plastic spoon or applicator brush if you have one. It’s best to use a disposable bowl or cup and spoon, as the dye can stain the bowl and utensil permanently. Follow your specific dyeing instructions if they suggest different quantities of color and developer. You need only a very small amount for one strand of hair. Screw the caps back onto your color and developer bottles and store them in a cool, dry place until you use them for your full hair dye. Don’t mix the rest of your dye ahead of time. Mixed dye should be used on hair right away and not stored. Clean up any spills with warm water and soap or oil if necessary to fully remove any drops of dye on a sink, counter, or other nearby surfaces." ], "summary": [ "Isolate an unnoticeable strand of hair. Apply the mixed dye to the strand. Leave the dye on the strand for about 30 minutes. Rinse and dry the strand.", "Wait 24 hours for best results. Observe if the color is too dark. See if the color is too light. Determine if the color is otherwise unexpected. Proceed with your full dye or another strand test.", "Put on disposable gloves. Mix developer and dye in a bowl. Return caps to bottles and store." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Preparing for the Lecture", "Optimizing Your Note-Taking", "Revisiting Your Notes", "Trying the Cornell Method of Note-Taking" ], "document": [ "Teachers assign notes so that you will be familiar with the topic being discussed in class. If you do the assigned notes before class, you’ll already know many of the background details. Then you can focus your note-taking on key concepts. Read through your notes from the previous lecture before class as well. This will help you get back up to speed on where you last left off in the class. If your teacher provides outlines, PowerPoint slides, or even a basic summary of the upcoming lecture, use it to your advantage. Think of it as the framing for a house, which you will then complete and furnish with your note-taking. It may be tempting to just print out that lecture outline or slideshow and figure you can skip note-taking during class -- or just jot down a few things on the printout here and there. But it is much better to use these materials to structure your notes. This is the best way to process information, which is after all the goal of note-taking. Many students are more comfortable typing than writing, but there are still reasons to consider the tried-and-true method of putting pen to paper. Some studies indicate that students who hand-write notes are more able to comprehend and recall lecture material than those who type. It can be easier to fall into transcription mode on a laptop. This is when where you try to type everything said instead of actively discerning what is most important to write down. Writing things down by hand can help you achieve greater focus. On the other hand, using a laptop or other electronic device makes it easier to format, save, edit, share, and read notes (with no worries about messy handwriting). Note-taking aids available on laptops are nearly endless, such as: “notebook layout” formatting on Microsoft Word, etc.; software that connects a recording of the lecture to your notes; note organization programs that let you unite materials of various type and formats, such as emails and PDFs; and collaborative note-taking platforms that allow you to team up with others to take notes in real time. These may be lifesavers or distractions for you. Only you can judge what works best. Some instructors and institutions ban the use of laptops in class, so don’t discount the need to know how to write notes by hand. Choose a spot in the class where you will have few distractions. Then you will be able to pay attention better and take better notes. Find a spot where you can see and hear the lecturer clearly. You should also be able to see the board clearly. Show up to class a little early to ensure you get your pick of seats. If you find yourself distracted by noisy fellow students, an air conditioning vent, or an unfortunate glare on the projector screen, discreetly move to a new seat if you can do so without causing a significant disruption. Otherwise, do your best this time and find a new spot for the next time. If you take notes by hand, bring extra pens or pencils and paper. If you take notes on a laptop or other electronic device, make sure it is sufficiently charged and ready to go as soon as class begins. Some people prefer using loose note sheets so they can lay them out on the table or floor when studying, while others find bound notebooks more tidy. Make sure your notes are clearly labeled for future reference. Write the date of the lecture and the topic at the top of each page. If you have multiple pages of notes, include page numbers as well. This will help you keep your notes in order. The more orderly your notes are at creation, the easier they will be to understand, revise, and study. One option is the outline format, especially if the lecture is clearly structured and/or presented in such a manner. In this format, you’ll have section headings. Underneath each section heading, write down ideas in bullet form and supplementary ideas with indented sub-bullets. This is much better than just writing down everything as a new point. Be warned that lecturers are not always organized about following main points with subpoints. Keep in mind that you may have to reorganize your notes after the lecture.", "In order to take better notes, you need to be an “active listener.” This means that you don’t just record what is said. Instead, you should engage with the material and determine the essential elements of what is being said. For instance, instead of spending time writing down every detail of Theodore Roosevelt's various foreign policy actions, strive to establish key concepts of his overall foreign policy and identify the examples as support. This way, you have already begun the process of learning and understanding (or, in other words, studying). This necessity of active engagement is one reason why many experts advise against recording lectures., If you do insist on recording lectures, or have a legitimate need to do so. Ask the professor beforehand if it’s okay to record. The lecture is considered the professor’s intellectual property. In addition, some institutions have specific policies regarding recording. Don’t waste time easing your way into note-taking mode at the beginning of class. Be ready to go from the very start. Lectures often begin with an explicit preview of what will be covered, or at least implicit “leads” about what is to follow. Listen carefully to the opening of the lecture for context clues that can help your organization and discernment of what will be most important. Don’t pay attention to students who arrive late or who are not yet ready to take notes. Every instructor organizes each lecture into some sort of outline, even if it's implicit and loosely followed. The information that is included on lecture slides will give you a solid idea of how to keep your notes organized. The lecturer will use vocal patterns, hand gestures and other indications to emphasize important parts of the lecture. Start observing these patterns and gestures in order to discern what is essential information.. Recognize main ideas by identifying signal words and phrases that indicate something important is to follow. Your instructor is not going to send up a rocket when she states an important new idea or gives an example. But she will use signals to convey what she is doing. Every good speaker does it, and you should expect to receive these signals. Examples include: There are three reasons why... First... second... third... The significance of this is... The impact of this is... From this, we can see… Learn to identify other clues as well. When making a key point, the lecturer may speak more slowly or loudly; repeat a word or phrase; take a longer pause before resuming speaking (perhaps even to take a drink of water); gesture with his or her hands more demonstratively; stop walking around and / or look more intently into the audience; and so on. Shorthand writing is a way to use shortcuts so that you don’t have to write every single word. You can also write notes more quickly, an essential skill when listening to a classroom lecture. But when taking notes, don’t use true shorthand like a stenographer. This requires lengthy transcription. Instead, develop your own set of shortcuts, abbreviations, symbols, sketches, etc. Even if no one else knows what your shorthand means, you’ll know what you mean. Use abbreviations and skip unimportant words to take notes efficiently. Only record the important words that you need to get the idea of the point made. Skip words like \"the\" and \"a\" that do not convey additional meaning to the lecture content. Create abbreviations to help you write things down quickly, such as drawing arrows for increase/decrease or to show causation, and especially for terms used over and over again (e.g., IR for international relations). Paraphrase everything except formulas and specific definitions or facts that will likely be required verbatim on the exam. Underline, circle, star, highlight, or otherwise identify key examples, definitions, or other important materials. Devise your own marking code to indicate each type. Try drawing diagrams or pictures for concepts you can't quickly describe or immediately understand. For instance, draw a pie chart to roughly indicate the relative strength of political parties in a particular election instead of writing these details out. Make sure your letters and words are adequately spaced and legible so that you can read them later. Few things are more frustrating than being unable to read your own handwriting, especially when trying to study for a biology exam. Don’t try to cram as much as possible onto each sheet. Give yourself lots of white space on your page. More spaced-out writing allows plenty of room for revision and annotation later. This style is also easier to read and digest the information when studying. It is easy to zone out as the clock ticks near the end of the class period. Other students may be starting to gather up their materials and whisper to their friends about the latest gossip. However, the conclusion of the lecture is just as vital as the introduction in laying out the big picture and key themes and concepts. If there is a summary at the end of the lecture, pay close attention to it. You can use it to check the organization of your notes. If your notes seem disorganized, copy down the main points that are covered in the summary. It will help in revising your notes later. During lecture, as well as at the end of the lecture, make sure to ask questions about points that you don’t understand. When other students ask questions, write down the questions and the instructor's answers. This additional information might answer questions you have as well. If you are self-conscious about holding up the class by asking a question (and annoying the students who already have one foot out the door), ask your professor after class. You’ll likely find other students doing the same, and can listen in on their questions as well. You can also bring a list of questions to your professor’s office hours.", "Do your review within 24 hours after the lecture. By this time, you may have already forgotten 80% of the lecture material. Build upon what you have learned, instead of having to re-learn the material. Think of your in-class notes as your draft copy, and the revision as your edited copy. Create a new version of your notes. This will be helpful especially if your notes are sloppy, disorganized, or borderline illegible. Don’t just copy down your notes as you originally wrote them. Make this part an active process of revision. Use the clues you picked up during the lecture regarding structure and key concepts to reorganize what you wrote down. Fill in weak spots with material from the textbook. When you are revisiting your notes, you should also spend time to highlight or underline important parts of the lecture. Use different colored highlighters or pens to color-code recurring concepts. Marked-up notes will be valuable when you begin to study for the test. These allow you to quickly and efficiently recall key parts of each lecture. If you have missed a class due to illness or another reason, you should be sure to get notes from a classmate. Talk with the instructor as well so that you understand the material. Don’t rely on a notes-for-sale service. Most universities have a policy against using these types of notes. Remember, using purchased notes is not “active learning” that aids in understanding and retention. If you have a physical or other documented disability which makes note-taking difficult, discuss options with your professor and your institution’s student services. Various options, including perhaps special lecture guides, note-taking assistance, permission to record lectures, or tutoring, will likely be available.", "The Cornell Method is a way to take notes that involves first taking notes and then developing questions from those notes. Divide your sheet into two sections by drawing a vertical line about 2.5 inches from the left margin. Continue this line until about two inches from the bottom of the sheet. Then draw a horizontal line two inches from the bottom edge. For laptop users, there are programs that can format your word processor in Cornell Method style. In the largest section of your now-divided page, take notes on the main ideas of the lecture as you go. Leave ample space for later revisions. Add examples, diagrams, charts, and other material that the instructor discusses. The left-side section of your page is used for generating your own questions from the lecture notes. These questions may help clarify points, definitions, and so on. Review your notes within one or two days. This will ensure that your recall of the information will be stronger. You can develop potential test questions from this material. What do you think the instructor is going to ask on an exam? When you are studying your notes for an exam, cover the right-hand side of the page. See if you can answer the questions that you’ve included on the left-hand side. Use the bottom section of your page to provide a summary of this page’s notes. This will help you recall the important points for this portion of the lecture." ], "summary": [ "Complete notes before the day’s lecture. Check for online course materials and lecture outlines. Consider the pros and cons of typing notes during a lecture. Sit near the front of the room. Make sure you are well-stocked with note-taking supplies. Label your paper with the date and topic of the lecture. Consider formatting options for your notes.", "Remember to take notes instead of transcribing the lecture. Listen carefully to the introduction of the lecture. Copy down what is written on the board. Learn to pick up on the lecturer’s cues and clues. Make up your own shorthand method. Write legibly. Leave space to work with later. Pay attention at the end of the lecture. Ask questions.", "Review your notes as soon as possible. Revise, don’t just re-write, your notes. Highlight important parts of the lecture. Get notes for missed classes.", "Divide your paper into three sections. Write down the main ideas of the lecture. Pose questions to yourself after the lecture. Summarize the lecture notes at the bottom of the page." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Quadratic Formula", "Decomposition", "Triple Play", "Using a Calculator", "Difference of Two Squares", "Starting Out", "Trial and Error" ], "document": [ "x = -b ± √(b2 - 4ac)      ---------------------                2a We obtain the expression:x = -4 ± √(42 - 4•1•1) / 2 You should get two x values. As shown above, we obtain two answers: x = -2 + √(3) or x = -2 - √(3) Plug the x values you obtained into two polynomial expressions as the constants. These will be your factors. If we call our two answers h and k, we're writing two factors like so:(x - h)(x - k) In this case, our final answer is:(x - (-2 + √(3))(x - (-2 - √(3)) = (x + 2 - √(3))(x + 2 + √(3))", "In this example, a is 6 and c is also 6.6 * 6 = 36 We're looking for two numbers that are factors of the a * c product we identified and also add up to the b term (13).4 * 9 = 36 4 + 9 = 13 Let's use k and h to represent the two numbers we got, 4 and 9:ax2 + kx + hx + c 6x2 + 4x + 9x + 6 Organize the equation so that you can factor out the greatest common factor of the first two terms and the last two terms. Both factored groups should be the same. Add the Greatest Common Factors together and enclose them in parentheses next to the factored group; the result will be your two factors:6x2 + 4x + 9x + 6 2x(3x + 2) + 3(3x + 2) (2x + 3)(3x + 2)", "As with the decomposition method, this is going to help us identify candidates for the b term. In this example, a is 8 and c is 2.8 * 2 = 16 This step is identical to the decomposition method - we're testing and rejecting candidates for the constants. The product of the a and c terms is 16, and the c term is 10:2 * 8 = 16 8 + 2 = 10 Take our two numbers from the previous step - let's call them h and k - and put them into this expression:((ax + h)(ax + k))/ a Here, we'd get:((8x + 8)(8x + 2)) / 8 In this example, we're seeing if (8x + 8) or (8x + 2) can be divided by 8. (8x + 8) is divisible by 8, so we'll divide this term by a and leave the other one as is.(8x + 8) = 8(x + 1) The term we're saving out of here is what's left after dividing by the a term:(x + 1) In this example, the second term, has a GCF of 2, since 8x + 2 = 2(4x + 1). Combine this answer with the term you identified in the previous step. These are your equation's factors.2(x + 1)(4x + 1)", "You will use the equation solver, also known as the [Y = ] screen. Once you've entered your equation, press [GRAPH] - you should see a smooth arc representing your equation (and it will be an arc since we are dealing with polynomials). Since polynomial equations are traditionally written as ax2 + bx + c = 0, these are the two x values that cause the expression to equal zero: (-1, 0), (2, 0) x = -1, x = 2 If you cannot identify where your graph crosses the x axis by sight, press [2nd] and then [TRACE]. Press [2] or select \"zero\". Slide the cursor to the left of an intersect and press [ENTER]. Slide the cursor to the right of an intersect and press [ENTER]. Slide the cursor as close as possible to the intersect and press [ENTER]. The calculator will find the x value. Do this for the other intersect also. If we term our two x-values h and k, the expression we will be using is:(x - h)(x - k) = 0 Thus, our two factors must be:(x - (-1))(x - 2) = (x + 1)(x - 2)", "In this case, we can see that 27 and 12 are both divisible by 3, so we'll separate that out:27x2 - 12 = 3(9x2 - 4) To use this method you should be able to take the square root of the terms evenly. (Notice that we'll have left out the negative signs - since these numbers are squares they may be products of positive or two negative numbers)9x2 = 3x * 3x and 4 = 2 * 2 We'll take the a and c values from our step above - a = 9 and c = 4, then find their square roots - √a = 3 and √c = 2. These are the coefficients for the factor expressions:27x2 - 12 = 3(9x2 - 4) = 3(3x + 2)(3x - 2)", "The standard format for the quadratic equation is:ax2 + bx + c = 0 Start by ordering the terms in your equation from highest to lowest power, just like this standard format. For example, take: 6 + 6x2 + 13x = 0 We will re-order this expression so it's easier to work with by simply moving the terms around:6x2 + 13x + 6 = 0 Factoring the polynomial will result in two smaller expressions which can be multiplied to produce the original polynomial:6x2 + 13x + 6 = (2x + 3)(3x + 2) In this example, (2x +3) and (3x + 2) are factors of the original expression, 6x2 + 13x + 6. Multiply the factors you identified. Then combine like terms and you're done. Start with:(2x + 3)(3x + 2) Let's test it, multiplying the terms using FOIL (first - outer - inner - last), obtaining:6x2 + 4x + 9x + 6 From here, we can add 4x and 9x together since they're like terms. We know our factors are correct because we get the equation we started with:6x2 + 13x + 6", "Using the expression format ax2 + bx + c = 0, identify the a and c terms and list out what factors they have. For 3x2 + 2x - 8, that means:a = 3 and has one set of factors: 1 * 3 c = -8 and has four sets of factors: -2 * 4, -4 * 2, -8 * 1, and -1 * 8. You'll be filling in the constants for each expression into the space you've made:(  x    )(  x    ) For the a term in our example, 3x2, there is only one possibility for our example: (3x   )(1x   ) Let's say we chose 8 and 1. Write it in:(3x  8)(x  1) Depending on the signs in the original expression, it's possible to figure out what the signs for the constants should be. Let's call the two constants for our two factors h and k:If ax2 + bx + c then (x + h)(x + k) If ax2 - bx - c or ax2 + bx - c then (x - h)(x + k) If ax2 - bx + c then (x - h)(x - k) For our example, 3x2 + 2x - 8, the signs must be:(x - h)(x + k), giving us the two factors:(3x + 8) and (x - 1) A quick first test to run is to see if the middle term is at least the correct value. If it is not, you may have chosen the wrong c factors. Let's test our answer:(3x + 8)(x - 1) By multiplication, we arrive at:3x2 - 3x + 8x - 8 Simplifying this expression by adding the like terms (-3x) and (8x), we get:3x2 - 3x + 8x - 8 = 3x2 + 5x - 8 We know now that we must have identified the wrong factors:3x2 + 5x - 8 ≠ 3x2 + 2x - 8 In our example, let's try 2 and 4 instead of 1 and 8:(3x + 2)(x - 4) Now our c term is a -8, but our outside/inside product (3x * -4) and (2 * x) is -12x and 2x, which will not combine to make the correct b term of +2x.-12x + 2x = 10x 10x ≠ 2x Let's try moving the 2 and 4 around:(3x + 4)(x - 2) Now, our c term (4 * 2 = 8) is still okay, but the outside/inside products are -6x and 4x. If we combine them:-6x + 4x = 2x 2x ≠ -2x We're pretty close to the 2x we were aiming for, but it's the wrong sign. We're going to stick with the same order, but swap which one has the minus:(3x - 4)(x + 2) Now the c term is still okay, and the outside/inside products are now (6x) and (-4x). Since:6x - 4x = 2x 2x = 2x We can now recognize the positive 2x from the original problem. These must be the correct factors." ], "summary": [ "Plug the corresponding values into the quadratic formula: Solve for x. Use your value for x to figure out the factors.", "Multiply the a term by the c term. Get the b term by factoring and testing. Substitute the two numbers you get into your equation as the sum of the b term. Factor the polynomial by grouping.", "Multiply the a term by the c term. Find two numbers with this number as a product and with a sum equal to the b term. Take these two numbers and test substitute them into the 'triple play' formula. Look to see which one of the two terms in the numerator is evenly divisible by a. Take the greatest common factor (GCF) out of either or both terms, if any.", "Enter your equation into the calculator. Graph the equation using your calculator. Locate where the arc intersects the x axis. Plug the x values obtained in the previous into two factorial expressions.", "Factor out a greatest common factor if possible. Identify if your equation's coefficients are square numbers. Using the square roots you have identified, write out the factors.", "Set up your expression. Find the factored form using one of the methods below. Check your work!", "List the factors of the a term and the c term. Write down two sets of parentheses with empty spaces. Fill the spaces in front of the x's with a pair of possible factors of the a value. Fill in the two spaces after the x's with a pair of factors for the constants. Decide what signs (plus or minus) should be between the x variables and the numbers. Test your choice using first-outer-inner-last (FOIL) multiplication. Swap out your choices if necessary. Reverse the order if necessary. Double-check your signs if necessary." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Getting it Going", "Turning Up the Heat" ], "document": [ "When you are getting a girl turned on using words it's important that she can hear your voice; don't try to get a girl hot and steamy over MSN, IM, or through texting. It can be done, but your words will have a much better effect if the girl you are talking to can hear the sexy tones in your voice. Try to use your deepest-sounding voice when you talk to your girl. Studies show that men with deep voices have more sexual partners and that females are more attracted to men with deep voices. Now, that doesn't mean you should lower your voice if it sounds unnatural, because that won't turn your girl on. But if you're always in the higher pitched level of your voice, try to go down to the lower level when you're talking with your girl. When you start talking to her, it's important to set the mood for the entire conversation by saying things like \"I can't stop thinking about you,\" or \"I've been wanting to hear your voice all day.\" This will help establish closeness, and let her know that you're feeling intimate. Make sure you’re alone and in a comfortable, sexy environment; you may not want to turn her on in public. Other things to say are: \"I never knew it until I spent time away from you, but I missed you today,\" or \"You look stunning, as usual.\" Keep it short and sweet; a very elaborate compliment might come off wrong or be misinterpreted by her. Don't compare her to other women. Even if what you're saying is that she's smarter, or prettier, or more fun to be around, avoid the comparison. She doesn't even want you to compare her to other women, because she doesn't want you to think about other women. She wants you to think about only her. If she thinks you may be thinking about other women, it's a turn-off for her. Ask her something that will give her a chance to give a long answer, like \"So tell me about what you did today,\" or \"What exciting things do you have planned for the weekend?\" This will get her talking and will show her that you care. Asking her a good question will show her that you're interested in what she has to say. Girls want to be sexy and interesting; for her, a good conversation is a way to set the tone. If she answers with a short answer, pepper her with more questions, showing her you care and really want to know. You want to get her on a roll, talking about things she's interested about, all while you're doing a good job listening. Be funny and playful, if you can. Girls love guys with a sense of humor, along with guys who know how to have fun. If you're making her laugh and keeping her on the tips of her toes, it'll be easier to turn her on. Look up and practice some jokes you think she might like, or start developing your own inside jokes with her that you can lean on when you know you need a laugh. If she asks you how your day was, let her know that you were thinking about her. Add a slight twist by complimenting her features. Don't make it too smutty though. Something like \"I couldn't stop thinking about you and your sexy smile\" does the job. Keep the conversation going by asking questions about her and showing interest in her answers. The way that you start turning her on is by dropping plenty of little compliments. Make sure you think of little things to say just about her to make her feel special. Girls like it when you notice something about them that they also like. So if you know she likes the color of her eyes, compliment the color of her eyes (\"I love the way your eyes shine when you smile\"). If she likes her hair, say something like \"Your hair looks so smooth and comfortable, do you know how pretty it makes you look?\" Start making the compliments slightly more sexy. If she is saying things like \"Stop!\" or \"You don't mean that\" while giggling, keep giving her the sexy compliments. You're definitely on the right path. Make sure that the things you are saying are sexy and romantic, not dirty and gross. You don’t want to come on too strong when you just start talking about what you want to do; you need to build up anticipation first. You will need to come up with your own suggestions, but an example might be: \"If we were together, I'd run my fingers slowly through your hair while we kissed. I'd massage your back while I kissed your neck. I would lie next to you and trace my fingers over the soft curves of your beautiful body.\" etc. Be creative. Using lots of imagery and imaginative words can also help. Here are some other compliments that you can use: \"I thought about you when I woke up today. Just like I thought about you when I went to sleep last night. You know what I was thinking about? I was thinking about us, together, curled up in bed. That makes me happy.\" Something else you might say: \"You give me goosebumps. Every time you touch me I go crazy inside, because I know it's only you who can do that to me. No one else does that. Even a smile from you is like a punch in the gut, but in a good way.\" In your own way, make her feel like the sexiest woman alive. Get her thinking sexy thoughts about you and it's guaranteed that she won’t stop thinking about you when the conversation is over. This is the most important thing when it comes to turning your girl on; you don’t want her to feel like a piece of meat. While you try to turn her on with your words, make sure you let her see that you wouldn’t talk to just any girl this way. Let her see how lucky you feel to be with her.", "One of the most basic things you can say when you want to turn up the heat are these simple words: “I want you.” You can add other variations, but saying this makes the girl see how much you want to be physically close with her and may be enough to turn her on. Look her in the eyes and show that you’re not shy about saying what you want and need. Here are some other things you can say: “I want you so bad right now.” “I’ve been wanting you all day long.” “I’ve never wanted you so badly in my life.” “That dress you’re wearing makes me want you more than ever.” As you move forward, you can compliment your girl’s body in a less-PG way. As long as you’re sure she’s playing along and that she would welcome compliments about parts of her body other than her face, you can start to take it up a notch by complimenting the parts of her body that turn you on. Just make sure you’re not offending her and that your comments are welcome. Here are some things you can say: “Your chest looks amazing in that dress.” “Your legs are incredible.” “I love the way your hips are moving.” Now that you’ve described what you want to do to your girl’s body, you can go a step further and tell her what you’d like to do to her body. You can be a bit more graphic if you want, but in general, just say enough to have her imagine you having your hands all over her body, which should be more than enough to turn her on. Here are some things you can say: “I want to run my hand down your thighs.” “I can’t wait to kiss the nape of your neck.” “I want to caress and kiss every part of your body.” \"I want to run my hands through your hair while I kiss you.\" Now, as you continue to turn your girl on with your words, you can tell her what you wish she would do to you. This would paint a sexy image in her mind and will have her turned on in no time at all. Of course, make sure she has done many of these things before so you don’t surprise her or come off sounding too graphic or explicit. Here are some things you can say to her: “I want you to take my shirt off.” “I want you to kiss my chest and shoulders.” “I want you to get on top of me and start kissing my neck.” If you want to turn your girl on, then you should have no shame about telling her how turned on you are just by the sight of her. She’ll be turned on just by the idea that being around her is making you turned on. Here are some ways you can tell her how she makes you feel: “I am so turned on just by being around you.” “You make me so excited.” “My whole body is tingling just from looking at you. You have no idea how good you make me feel.” Another way to turn your girl on is to tell her some fantasies you have about being with her. They can be related to role-playing, can be about explicit things you’d like to do to her or would like her to do to you, or can be about a place where you’ve always wanted to hook up. Don’t be afraid to tell her what you’ve always dreamed about and see if you can make it come true together. Let her reveal her fantasies, too. This can turn both of you on even more. Though turning your girl on with words is best done in person, you can leave her feeling sexy even after you’ve said your goodbyes by sending her a sexy text message later on in the day that shows her that you’re still thinking of her and her body. Keep it sweet and simple but also make sure there’s enough subtext to get her turned on and ready for your next encounter. Here are some things you can say: “I can’t stop thinking about what happened last night. I can’t wait to see you again.” “When I close my eyes, all I see is your gorgeous body.” “I had such an amazing time with you last night. I can’t wait to have you in my arms again.”" ], "summary": [ "Make sure to use your words in person. Set the mood. Ask her a good question. Keep complimenting her, when appropriate. Start describing the not-too-scandalous things you want to do to her. Make her feel special.", "Say that you want her. Say something nice about her body. Say what you want to do to her. Say what you want her to do to you. Describe how she makes your body feel. Reveal your fantasies. Consider sending her a message later to keep her feeling sexy." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Handling Toxic Relationships", "Building Your Self-Worth", "Releasing Guilt and Pain" ], "document": [ "You can counteract the negative impact of being a scapegoat by cultivating healthy relationships. Plus, when you spend time around people who treat you fairly, you will stop accepting anything less. Identify the relationships in your life in which you feel valued, encouraged, and supported. Make an effort to enrich these relationships by showing appreciation for these people and dedicating more of your time to them. Make new friendships through support groups, professional organizations, or interest groups in your community. Lean towards people who appear emotionally healthy and don’t blame you for their problems. Keep in mind that it is possible that you do not know what a healthy relationship looks like. This may be something that you will need to work on and a therapist can help you to develop the ability to recognize healthy relationships. Boundaries are the limitations where one person ends and another begins. In scapegoating relationships, these lines are all blurred. Stop allowing yourself to be scapegoated by setting firm boundaries. For instance, you might say to your business partner, “I will no longer tolerate being treated this way. If you want to continue having me as a partner, you will need to stop blaming me for the business failing.” When your boundaries are violated and others try to put you back in the scapegoat role, speak out. Show them that you are unwilling to be the scapegoat by reasserting your boundaries. You might say to your scapegoating sibling, “No, I will not pay for your court fees. I told you that I will not be held responsible for your financial troubles.” Keep in mind that after changing your boundaries, people will likely test your boundaries. They may try hard to make you give in, but it is important to hold firm in your boundaries. If others refuses to respect your boundaries, you may have to make the tough choice to cut ties. Decide whether it is best to minimize contact or cut contact completely with the offenders. Estrangement is a painful reality, but it may be necessary to help yourself get unstuck from the role of scapegoat. If the scapegoating happens in your family, you might cut ties. If it’s happening at your job, you might try to switch departments or transfer to a new employer. Work with your therapist to decide the best route for handling family members, partners or close friends who insist on blaming you.", "If you are often marked as a scapegoat, your self-talk may be belittling and unhelpful. You may catch yourself repeating internally the same claims others make about you. Boost your self-esteem by shifting your thoughts in a more positive direction. Spot negative thoughts and learn to reframe them. For example, you may have come to believe, “I don’t deserve happiness.” Rephrase this positively by saying, “I deserve happiness and fulfilling relationships.” Pay attention to how you talk about yourself. You may even want to ask friends and family members to point out when you are speaking negatively about yourself. This will help you to notice the negative self-talk and correct it when it happens. If you are an easy mark for scapegoating, you may have developed the tendency of dwelling on the negatives. Start bringing your attention to the positive strengths you have to offer the world around you. Make a list of good qualities, such as “helpful,” “compassionate,” “great listener,” and “intelligent.” Pull out your list when you find yourself playing into negative, self-defeating thought patterns. If you are having a hard time coming up with things to add to the list, then as friends and family members to help you. They may think of things that you would not have considered adding. You set the standard for how others should treat you by having a positive relationship with yourself. Perhaps others discount your positive qualities or treat you unfairly. But, this doesn’t not have to be how you see yourself. Begin to see yourself as worthy of fair treatment by treating yourself with compassion. Self-compassion means recognizing when you are feeling negative and being gentle on yourself. Remind yourself that you are only human. Give yourself a hug or soft caress. Say soothing phrases like “There, there” or “You are in pain now. But, you’ll be okay.” If you have been struggling with fear, self-doubt, or a sense of obligation to do other things, then you may have put some of your goals and dreams on hold. To start building your sense of self-worth, it is important to make your goals and dreams a priority. Start taking steps towards achieving a goal or dream that you have. For example, if your goal is to run a 5k, then start a training program to help you get ready for it. If your goal is to earn a college degree, then fill out an application (or a few) for schools and programs that interest you. Anxiety and depression are common in scapegoats. It can be challenging to promote a positive self-esteem when you have been stuck in this role for most of your life. Reach out to a counselor or therapist who can help you overcome the victim role and recognize your untapped potential. You might work with a therapist individually and/or with others to stop scapegoating behaviors. Search for support groups in your area or online for people in dysfunctional families or relationships. It’s likely that others in these groups will have taken on the scapegoat role. Sharing your feelings and concerns with the group may offer some release. You may also hear about effective strategies for developing your identity so that you are no longer such an easy target for scapegoating.", "Being the scapegoat to others can translate to being the victim of emotional bullying. Years of being picked on and manipulated by others has likely shifted your identity of who you are as a person. In order to stop being an easy target, you must admit to what’s happening and acknowledge the pain it causes. For instance, being the scapegoat may have caused you to experience anxiety, depression, self-doubt, relationship turmoil, and even addiction. Think about the true impact being the scapegoat has on your life by identifying who has used you as a scapegoat and why these people are important in your life and for your sense of self-worth. Be honest with yourself about the negative consequences. It may help to journal about it. Cry, if you need to. Or, lean on a supportive friend. As hard as it may be to swallow, you have to accept that you are being scapegoated by others because you allow yourself to be. A major step towards overcoming scapegoating is to stop playing into the victim mentality. Just because others are trying to make you the victim, you don’t have to see yourself as one. Consider what you may have been getting out of playing the role of a victim. For example, you might enjoy the attention, feelings of validation, sense of security, sympathy, and lowered expectations that come with playing the victim. Develop a new story of who you are that doesn’t involve being a victim. For instance, when something negative happens in your life, resist the temptation to connect it to people not failing to support you. This takes the control away from you and gives it to them. Instead look for some aspect of the problem in which you had control and brainstorm a solution from there. You may also turn your attention to things you feel grateful for and people you can help. This may help you to feel more empowered. You are stuck in the scapegoat role because you are harboring negative feelings about others and yourself. Strive for forgiveness and you may be able to finally release the negative emotions that have been keeping you as the scapegoat. Forgiveness doesn’t mean you aren’t holding others responsible for scapegoating, but letting go of the pain so you can move on. You can forgive yourself and others through rituals, such as by writing a letter. You can write a letter forgiving yourself and/or others for what you have done. Then read the letter out loud to yourself a few times and hang onto the letter to review whenever you need to remind yourself of the forgiveness. Light a candle and do several minutes of deep breathing. Bring to mind the pain you feel from the scapegoating. Picture the sensations and feelings you have attached to being the scapegoat (e.g. shame, anger, guilt, resentment, etc.). Write down all the thoughts and feelings you have. Imagine the negativity falling away from you. Take several more deep breaths. Blow out the candle as a symbol of letting go of the negativity for good." ], "summary": [ "Seek out positive, supportive relationships. Set personal boundaries. Speak up for yourself when you are scapegoated. Get distance from toxic people.", "Stop negative self-talk. Focus on your positive traits. Practice self-compassion. Pursue your goals and dreams. Consult with a mental health therapist. Join a support group.", "Acknowledge your emotional pain. Reduce victim mentality. Practice forgiveness through rituals." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Seeking Medical Help", "Recognizing Early Signs" ], "document": [ "If you are showing signs of potential hypothyroidism, your doctor can perform a simple blood test to confirm the diagnosis. Normally, your doctor will check for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and T4 (one of the hormones released from the thyroid); sometimes T3 is also tested for. TSH is a hormone that is made by your brain that travels to your thyroid gland (which is in the middle of the front of your neck) and tells it to make thyroid hormones. There are a number of different forms of thyroid hormone in the body termed T4, T3, etc. T4 is the main active hormone, so this is the one that is tested. A blood test is the definitive way to diagnose hypothyroidism, and it is the only sure way to know whether or not you have the condition. If you are diagnosed with hypothyroidism, the good news is that the treatment is generally quite simple. Most people are prescribed synthroid (Levothyroxine), which is a thyroid replacement hormone (synthetic T4) to get your levels back into the normal range. Speak to your doctor to obtain a prescription for this medication if you have been officially diagnosed with hypothyroidism on your blood tests. Synthetic T4 hormone should be taken on an empty stomach, ideally an hour before breakfast. Note, however, that hypothyroidism treatments may not take immediate effect. Your doctor will need to pay close attention to your thyroid levels over the first few months to determine the correct dosage of medication. After being diagnosed and receiving initial medical treatment, you will need to go in for regular blood tests to ensure that your thyroid levels are normal. If they continue to fall outside the normal range (being either too high or too low), your doctor can adjust the dose of your medication to ensure that your thyroid levels do fall within the normal range.", "One of the most common signs of potential hypothyroidism is fatigue, and/or a recent drop in your energy levels. Because the thyroid is directly related to your metabolism, hypothyroidism correlates to a slower metabolism which can lead to a feeling of fatigue and sluggishness. Hypothyroidism may also cause you to gain weight, again because your metabolism is slowed down below its normal level. If you have been gaining weight lately for a seemingly unexplainable reason, it is possible that this is related to hypothyroidism. Another potential consequence of hypothyroidism is an intolerance of cold weather, meaning that you feel less able to handle being out in the cold. When your metabolism is slowed (as it is in hypothyroidism), you cannot generate the same internal heat to keep yourself warm. Hypothyroidism can lead to signs such as drier, thicker skin (from the glycosaminoglycan deposits in your tissues); a lack of sweating (due to decreased metabolism); fewer, coarser hairs on your body or eyebrows; and/or brittle nails. If you are noticing any of these things, especially in conjunction with other more common signs, and symptoms such as fatigue and weight gain, book an appointment with your doctor to have your thyroid tested. For some, hypothyroidism can manifest as a depressed mood. For others, it can lead to unusual snoring and/or fitful sleeps with awakenings during the night (as sometimes hypothyroidism can lead to concurrent sleep apnea). Hypothyroidism can also lead to constipation. If you are having bowel movements fewer than three times per week (over a period of at least three weeks), or significantly less than your normal, consult your physician. This may or may not be related to hypothyroidism; either way, it is something that is beneficial to speak up about as your doctor can help you to manage this problem. Sometimes hypothyroidism can cause you to be short of breath, particularly during exertion. If you are finding it harder than normal to catch your breath walking or working out at the gym, it may be a sign of thyroid abnormalities. (If it is not hypothyroidism, unexplained shortness of breath is still a concern that should be evaluated by your physician.) Hypothyroidism can manifest in a variety of different ways, and varies from person to person. Signs that occur less frequently (but may still be indicative of hypothyroidism) include: Mild swelling around the eyes Menstrual irregularities in women Mild high blood pressure (this will require a doctor's evaluation) Elevated cholesterol (this will require a doctor's evaluation) Memory loss Cognitive dysfunction (memory, concentration) Hoarse voice Leg swelling Slow heart rate" ], "summary": [ "Get a blood test. Obtain treatment if needed. Receive regular thyroid measurements.", "Evaluate your energy levels. Observe any recent weight changes. Notice how you feel in the cold. Consider any changes in your skin, hair, or eyes. Watch for changes in your mood or sleep habits. Take note of unusual constipation. Be aware of any unusual shortness of breath. Be on the lookout for other potential signs." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Learning How to Effectively Reprimand Your Pet", "Reprimanding Different Species of Pets", "Learning How NOT to Reprimand Your Pet" ], "document": [ "A good way to discourage bad behavior is to reward good behavior—a principle known as ‘positive reinforcement.’ Animals generally tend to repeat behaviors for which they get rewarded, so the use of positive reinforcement teaches your pet to demonstrate good and desirable behavior. There are several ways to make good behavior desirable to your pet, such as verbally praising him, giving him treats, and rewarding him with extra playtime. Positive reinforcement is most effective when administered immediately after the good behavior. Immediate reward will help your pet make an association between behavior and reward. Positive reinforcement also works when used hand-in-hand with making bad behavior undesirable. Positive reinforcement avoids the use physical punishment. By emphasizing and rewarding good behavior, a pet who learns what to do through positive reinforcement is usually happier, more resilient, more confident, and better behaved than a pet who is physically punished. If your pet realizes that certain behaviors have undesirable consequences for him, then he will likely stop doing that behavior. Examples of undesirable consequences include inattention and deterrent devices. Species-specific punishment, such as hissing at a cat, can make bad behavior less desirable without physically punishing or yelling at your pet. Not showing affection towards your pet as he is performing the bad behavior is another way to make the behavior undesirable. Trying to correct your pet’s bad behavior without knowing why it is happening in the first place can be ineffective and may actually end up causing more harm than good. The root of the bad behavior may be improper human handling (e.g., bad training, lack of human handling, mistreatment) or medical (e.g., hormonal imbalance). Conditions such as kidney disease or bladder incontinence can cause your dog or cat to demonstrate inappropriate urination. The bad behavior may also be rooted in inadequate socialization at an early age—your pet may not have learned the ‘checks and balances’ of his behavior. If you suspect that the bad behavior goes deeper than simple misbehaving, consider taking your pet to your veterinarian for a thorough medical workup.", "Just like cats, dogs will also do things that they shouldn’t. Upside-down mousetraps and deterrent devices are very effective at discouraging a dog’s bad behavior (e.g., getting into a trashcan). Withholding a treat when a good behavior is not performed is another undesirable consequence, and is especially useful when training your dog. Meeting bad behavior with inattention is another good way of making your dog’s bad behavior undesirable. Keep in mind that inattention will not always be a practical way to handle bad behavior, especially if that behavior results in physical injury. Your cat can certainly cause your love to wear thin if he is scratching up your furniture or attacking you. Rather than reprimanding him with harsh words or physical punishment, you can try other ways to make his bad behavior undesirable. For example, if your cat is scratching your sofa, you can make your sofa undesirable by placing orange peels by the sofa (cats don’t like the citrus smell) or putting double-sided tape on it. If your cat is attacking you by playing too roughly, you can give him a time out. By not giving him attention, he will realize that his behavior is not rewarding, and will learn not to play roughly with you. If your cat likes to jump up on countertops or tables, you can place an upside-down mousetrap on the surface that will flip upward when he steps on it. This will be upsetting enough to get your cat to stop this bad behavior, but will not injure him. If your bird tends to bite, you can communicate through your body language that this behavior is unacceptable. For example, if your bird bites you when he is perched on your arm, you can rotate your arm to throw him slightly off balance. Creating unbalance without causing him to fall will be just enough to let him know that he should not bite you. If he is perched on your hand, you can unexpectedly and slightly drop your hand to throw him off balance. Discouraging your horse’s bad behavior can involve the use of direct (your hand) or indirect (your lead rope) pressure. For example, if your horse makes a habit of invading your personal space, you could use a lead rope or your hand to apply pressure to his body—the pressure will not hurt him, but will make him uncomfortable enough to step back. Due to a horse’s size, the risk of serious physical injury can be far greater with a horse’s bad behavior than a dog or cat’s bad behavior. If the bad behavior poses a physical danger, consider contacting your equine veterinarian or equine veterinary behaviorist for guidance on addressing dangerous bad behavior.", "This cannot be emphasized enough! Physical punishment has few benefits, if any, and many negative consequences. For example, your pet may become fearful and wary of you. Depending on your pet’s temperament, he may actually become more aggressive if you physically punish him. The bad behavior may also become worse. Examples of physical punishment including hitting, whipping, choking, and using devices that choke. Physical punishment can injure your pet. Physical punishment can also quickly escalate to animal abuse. Although physical punishment is rarely warranted, it may be appropriate for horses who are especially dangerous and aggressive. Physical punishment may also be warranted in situations in which the animal may other injure himself, you, or others. This is crucial to maintaining a good relationship with your pet when he misbehaves. Whichever type of pet you have, yelling at him is not an effective method of reprimanding him for bad behavior. Your pet will likely become fearful and wary of you, and may even hide from you if he can. Rather than yell him, you could let him know that he has misbehaved by saying ‘no’ in an authoritative voice. Reprimanding your pet after he has done something wrong is ineffective because he will not know why you are reprimanding him. This can cause your pet to become confused and maybe even fearful of you, both of which can hurt the relationship you have with him. It is recommended to issue your reprimand immediately —within 1 to 2 seconds of the bad behavior. For example, if you come home one day and notice that your cat has scratched up your furniture or your dog has chewed up your shoes, it is too late to reprimand him at that point. If you do not reprimand your pet each time that he does the bad behavior, he will likely not understand that the behavior is bad. For example, if you do not give your cat a time out each time that he plays roughly, he will not associate his behavior with an undesirable consequence, and may keep on doing it. It is very important that you reprimand bad behavior 100% of the time that it happens. Another way to be consistent is to use the same cue or action each time you reprimand the behavior. Some pets may demonstrate behavior because they are afraid of a certain situation, and not because of willful misbehavior. Reprimanding fear-based behavior will not only make your pet’s fear worse, but may cause him to become increasingly aggressive. If your pet has fear-based bad behavior, you should promptly remove him from the situation that makes him fearful. If possible, prevent repeated exposures to the fearful situation. If preventing the fearful situation is not possible, you can gradually re-expose your pet to the situation to decrease his fear and lessen his fear-based behavior. Your veterinarian or veterinary behaviorist can provide helpful guidance on how to do this. Stereotypies are abnormal behaviors that can develop when an animal is an abnormal environment. Stereotypies are often repetitive and typically do not perform any function. An example of a stereotype is cribbing—when a horse bites down an inanimate and stationary object and sucks in air. It can be difficult to stop your pet from engaging in stereotypes. It is best to seek the expertise of your veterinarian or veterinary behaviorist to correct the stereotypical behavior. Your dog or cat will not learn anything from you rubbing his face in his urine and feces. This is not an effective method of reprimand. Your pet may end up fearing you and might even hide from you when he has to go to the bathroom. Your dog or cat may also end up thinking that you’re the one with bad behavior." ], "summary": [ "Make your pet’s good behavior desirable. Make your pet's bad behavior undesirable. Learn why your pet is demonstrating bad behavior.", "Create an undesirable consequence for your dog’s bad behavior. Make your cat’s bad behavior undesirable. Use body language to discourage your bird’s bad behavior. Make your horse’s bad behavior undesirable.", "Do not physically punish your pet. Do not yell at your pet. Do not reprimand your pet after the fact. Avoid inconsistency when reprimanding bad behavior. Do not reprimand fear-based behavior. Do not reprimand stereotypes. Do not rub your dog or cat’s face in his urine and feces." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Cleaning Diamonds with Window Cleaner", "Keeping Diamonds Clean", "Getting Diamonds Professionally Cleaned" ], "document": [ "There are a few things you can do to make sure your cleaning area is ready for you to begin the process of cleaning your diamonds. Start by adding a stopper to your sink to ensure that your diamonds do not fall through and end up going down the sink drain. It would be a major hassle for you to have to take apart the pipes to retrieve your diamonds. Additionally, you’ll need a medium sized bowl to work with. You can put the bowl in the sink and fill it with hot water. This will be the base for your cleaning solution. Pour half a cup of the window cleaner into the warm water in the bowl in the sink. Mix the cleaner with the water and this will create your cleaning solution. Be sure to use enough cleaning solution that it will be powerful enough to clean your diamonds. You’ll need roughly at least a 1:5 ratio of cleaner to water in order to be effective. Dip the diamonds into the cleaning solution in the bowl and let the jewelry remain there for a minute or so. Then, take a clean toothbrush and dip it in the warm cleaning solution as well. Wet the bristles in the cleaner and use the toothbrush to gently scrub and clean the diamonds. Remove the diamonds from the window cleaning solution, and scrub them carefully with the toothbrush. Repeat this process several times until the diamonds sparkle and shine. Be careful not to drop the diamonds or scrub too hard with the toothbrush. Make sure to get into the cracks and difficult to reach places where dirt and oil can get trapped to really clean the diamond jewelry. Use rubber gloves for this process to protect your skin from the cleaning solution and from the hot temperature of the water. Once you finish gently scrubbing the diamonds with the clean toothbrush, dip them back in the cleaning solution. Then, use hot water from the sink’s faucet and rinse the gems individually in the stream of water – always being careful not to drop them. When you are done rinsing, pat the diamonds dry with a soft chamois towel. This will help remove any remaining residue or excess water. Then your diamonds should be as bright and beautiful as the first day when you bought them.", "Take your diamond jewelry off when you are performing arduous tasks. Diamond jewelry can suffer from wear and tear over time. The best thing you can do to counter this is to be mindful about when you wear your diamonds and when you don’t. Try to take your diamonds off before doing things like washing the dishes, going to the gym, working outdoors, or bathing. If you aren’t wearing the diamonds regularly and you want to store them for safe keeping, make sure that the diamonds aren’t touching each other. Diamond is one of the hardest materials on earth, so it’s quite easy for these gems to scratch other jewelry or other diamonds. Wrap each diamond individually in tissue paper to keep it safely separated from any other item it may scratch. You can also keep each diamond in its own jewelry box container, or a jewelry box that has separated areas for different jewelry items. In order to keep your diamonds safe and secure while you are traveling, be sure to use a travel case intended for jewelry items. These items are typically made out of leather or another sturdy fabric and keep your jewelry safe while you are on the go. Typically, these types of case are either hard-backed with zipper enclosures, or they roll up to keep the jewelry items stationary. Remember to wrap diamonds and individual diamond items in tissue paper to prevent scratching or other damage.", "Usually when you purchase an expensive piece of diamond jewelry, you can take it to the jeweler or jewelry store you bought it from for a regular cleaning. The jeweler should be able to clean your diamond jewelry with their professional equipment to get your diamonds looking like new again. Most precious gems can be cleaned for free once every year by the store from which they were purchased. You should check with the store about this policy at the time of purchase so you know how often you can plan to get your diamond jewelry cleaned. You can also call after you’ve made your diamond purchase to inquire about this policy and how it applies to your specific jewelry. You may need to bring proof of purchase (like a receipt) with you to get the free cleaning. If you have antique diamond jewelry or aren’t able to clean your diamonds for free at the jeweler you bought them from, you should be able to bring your diamonds to any major jewelry store and pay for a cleaning for your diamond jewelry. Depending on which jewelry shop you choose, getting a smaller piece of diamond jewelry should cost between $20 and $50. Perform weekly cleaning maintenance to minimize the need for professional cleaning. Since getting your diamond jewelry cleaned can be a bit of a hassle, and even expensive if you don’t have a free option offered from your jeweler, doing a bit of weekly maintenance can be quite beneficial for you and your diamond jewelry. Make a mixture of gentle cleaning solution by adding a few drops of dish soap to a glass of water. Soak the diamond jewelry in the glass with the cleaning solution for one minute and then use a clean toothbrush to remove any excess dirt or oil." ], "summary": [ "Prepare the area. Ready the cleaning solution. Clean the diamond. Rinse and dry the diamonds.", "Avoid wearing diamonds when possible. Store diamonds separately. Use a jewelry case when traveling.", "Take the diamond jewelry to the place you bought it. Bring your diamonds to a different jeweler. Maintain your diamond’s appearance." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Drawing Medication into the Syringe", "Giving an Intramuscular (IM) Injection", "Selecting the Needle", "Preparing for the Injection", "Giving an Intravenous (IV) Injection", "Giving a Subcutaneous (SQ) Injection" ], "document": [ "The needle will have a cap on it when you push it onto the end of the syringe, or should if it's a fresh, clean needle. Push the needle down on the syringe so the needle stays on and won't come off. Take the cap off the needle and have it ready to draw fluid into the syringe. You won't be able to get medication into the syringe if you have the cap still placed over the needle. The aluminum cap protects the opening of the bottle and keeps the liquid from leaking out, such as if the bottle is tipped on its side or upside down. Use your fingernails to remove the cap. Never use a knife or sharp object because you will compromise the rubber cap and invite contamination. Before you do so, draw the same amount of air into the syringe as you want to draw from the bottle. This makes it easier for you to draw in the contents. Then, you can poke the needle into the rubber cap. The rubber cap will act as a vacuum to keep air out of the bottle, and when the needle is pushed through, this vacuum will not be disrupted. After you have pushed the air in your syringe into the bottle, raise the bottle up so that it is almost vertical above the syringe, and slowly pull back on the plunger. Draw the fluid into the syringe up to the desired amount. It's important to raise the bottle above the syringe to allow gravity to draw the fluid in, and so that you're not drawing in air instead. Lowering the bottle moves the liquid to the bottom (via gravity) and introduces the \"air\" component of the bottle. Removing the needle then ensures that liquid won't drip out. Store the bottle in a place where it's cool and dry and won't get damaged, like in a cooler or toolbox meant for storing your cattle medicating equipment. Flick your finger against the barrel for any bubbles that don't automatically float up. Slowly and carefully push the plunger to eject the air bubbles. This especially important if you are going to administer IM or IV injections.", "Because intramuscular injections are more painful than a SQ injection, efforts must be made to reduce the pain that a cow will feel when the needle is put in. To lessen the pain then, most veterinarians firmly thump the heel of their hand against the cow’s neck two or three times prior to introducing the needle. It's highly recommended you follow this procedure. Thumping the cow’s neck with your hand desensitizes the nerves so when the needle goes in, the cow is less likely to feel the needle going in and become startled. Hold the syringe in your dominant hand (right, if right-handed). Identify the injection triangle and select an area near the center. Then, get ready to put the needle in at a perpendicular angle to the surface of the skin. Keeping the needle perpendicular to the skin surface and a using firm, thrusting movement, push the needle through the skin into the muscle. This must be done immediately after the neck has been thumped a few times. The cow may flinch at this point, so be ready for it to move around a little in the chute, or a bit more if it's not used to human contact. Check to see if you have hit a vein or artery. To do this, withdraw the plunger of the syringe a small amount and look for blood back-flow. If you find blood going into the syringe, you’ve hit a blood vessel. You will have to withdraw and try a different site about 1 in (2.5 cm) from this site. Once you have checked that you have not hit a blood vessel, you can administer the medication. Slowly depress the plunger until the cow has received the correct dose. If you are giving more than 10 mL IM, be sure to give no more than 10 mL per injection site. After you have removed the syringe, press the spot with your fingers for a few moments to keep the spot from bleeding.", "Needle size is measured in ‘gauges’. The gauge of a needle is inversely proportional to its diameter, so the lower the gauge, the bigger the needle. For instance, a calf's skin is thinner than that of an adult cow, so a finer and higher gauge needle can be used instead. Use the finest gauge possible to make sure that the cow feels as little pain as possible, but not so fine that risk of breaking the needle is significant. To give an injection to a calf weighing less than 500 pounds, an 18-20 gauge (g) needle with a 1 inch (2.5 cm) length is ideal. For larger animals weighing over 500 pounds, you will need a 16-18 g needle with of 1 ½ inch length. Breed can also play a part on determining needle gauge. Black Angus cattle tend to have thinner hides than Herefords, for instance, so you won't need a 16 g needle to pierce the thinner hide of an Angus cow, versus the thicker one of a Hereford. You will need a shorter needle for subcutaneous injections, and a longer needle for intramuscular and intravenous injections. You won't need a needle longer than 1⁄2 inch (1.3 cm) to 1 inch (2.5 cm), for SQ injections because you only need to penetrate the skin. For IM and IV injections, needles that are around 1.5 inch (3.8 cm) or more are best. It is acceptable to use the same needle for up to 15 injections as long as it remains sharp and straight. Always change to a new needle when drawing from a different bottle of medication because using the old needle may introduce contamination. Never attempt to straighten a bent or burred needle because it is much more likely to break on you or break off in the process of injection. Burred needles are also to never be straightened, but simply tossed into a bio-hazard bin.", "It is much easier and safer to give injections to cattle that are restrained. You can use a head gate or squeeze chute (also called a crush) to restrain the cow. No matter what method of restraint you use, make sure that the cow is restrained well enough that it will not be able to injure you or someone else. A squeeze chute or cattle crush is a narrow stall with adjustable sides wide enough for 1 adult cow. The panels prevent the animal from moving. It may also have a calming effect on the animal. There’s also a gate in the front and back of the chute to keep the cow still. This makes the neck easily accessible for injections. Always read and follow the directions on the label of the medication or vaccination for the dosage and route of administration. The drug manufacturer is obliged by law to print instructions on the injection bottle as well as warnings, information about the targeted microorganisms, and other important details. If there is an option to choose between an intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SQ) injection route, always go for the SQ as it is less invasive, which means it is less likely to damage valuable carcass meat. However, some drugs need to be given by IM injection to be properly absorbed. The required site for injection, particularly in beef cattle, is a site called the \"injection triangle.\" This triangular area is located on either side of the cow’s neck and contains few vital structures (like blood vessels and nerves). The injection triangle is broadest at the shoulder and tapers up towards the ear. The retail value of meat from this site is lower than the rump, so you are less likely to lose money if you are planning on selling the meat. The landmarks for finding the triangle are: The upper boundary is located below the spinal column following the line of the neck crest. The lower or angular boundary runs along and above the jugular furrow, which is located in the middle of the neck. The posterior boundary (the one closest to the rear of the animal) follows the line above the point of the shoulder, which angles up towards the top-line or top of the shoulder. The difference between the 2 is that with a syringe, you manually control how much of the drug gets injected into the cow. The dosing gun dispenses pre-set volumes of medicine for administering them to more than 1 animal. A syringe is made up of 3 parts: the body (that contains the drug), the plunger (that fits snugly inside the barrel), and the needle. Syringes are plastic and you use them no more than once or twice before they need to be thrown away. Plastic syringes come in 1, 2, 3, 5, 12, 20, 35, and 60 cc (1 cc = 1 mL) sizes. Use the syringe size required for the dose you are giving. A dose in a syringe should only be used for 1 animal. A dosing gun or pistol syringe has a glass barrel (loaded with multiple doses) with a plunger that has a thick rubber washer at the end to form a vacuum, a needle, and a handle-trigger that is the same as that on a caulking gun. Some guns have the option of attaching a bottle. Dosing guns come in 5, 12.5, 20, 25, and 50 mL sizes. This is if you have more than one medication or vaccination to give. The next shot should be administered in a place that is at least 4 inches (10 cm) (about a palm’s width) away from the first shot site. If you keep putting medication into the same spot, the cow’s body will have a harder time absorbing it. The medications could also react and become ineffective, or they could cause an adverse reaction that may kill the animal.", "Giving an IV injection takes a lot of skill and practice. It is a specialized technique not often administered to cattle by the owner. If you cannot perform the IV injection properly or don't know exactly how it's done, contact your veterinarian and have them perform the procedure for you. You can do this by running your fingers down the side of the cow's neck (it will be below where the invisible injection triangle would be) above the dewlap. You will feel the jugular vein throbbing. Once you have located it, press down on the lower part of the vein to make it bulge out. This will help you better locate the vein when giving the shot. Air bubbles, if injected into the jugular vein, can cause a serious health risk, if not death. If air is present in the syringe where the medication has been injected, hold the syringe upright and tap it using your fingers, until the air bubbles go up. Disperse the bubbles further by slightly depressing the plunger until all the air bubbles have noticeably gone out. A little medication will come out of the needle as you do so. Slowly, but firmly, insert the syringe into the bulging jugular vein. You will know if you have correctly hit the jugular vein because just a slight pulling of the plunger will draw blood into the syringe and mix with its contents. This is a good sign, unlike for SQ and IM injections. Very slowly press down on the plunger so that the fluid gradually goes into the cow’s vein. Once you have given the required amount of medicine, gently remove the needle. Hold your hand over the spot and press against it for a few moments to reduce the bleeding that will occur when you give this type of shot.", "If you are right-handed, hold the syringe in your right hand (and vice versa if you are left-handed). Identify the injection triangle and choose a spot in the center of this imaginary triangle. Using your left hand, pinch some of the animal's skin between your 2 forefingers and thumb. Lift this piece of skin straight out and away from the neck to form a \"tent.\" The tip of the needle can be placed under your thumb. Where you place the tip of the needle depends on what you are most comfortable with and where you are least likely to poke yourself. Take care not to touch the plunger (if using a syringe) or trigger (if using a dosing device). Using the forefinger of the hand holding the syringe, guide the needle into the center of 1 side the tent. This ensures you only insert the needle halfway instead of all the way into the skin fold, and reduces the chance of hitting muscle or a blood vessel. Once the needle is in at the required depth, release the skin and depress the plunger or squeeze the handle of the syringe with your syringe hand. Apply slow, steady pressure to the plunger. Once the injection is complete, withdraw the needle, cap it, and place the syringe on a dry, clean surface for future use, such as if you are planning on giving injections to more than 1 animal. Press and rub the injection site with your hand for a few seconds so that the spot does not bleed too much and to insure the injected fluid does not leak out too much. An SQ injection should not bleed nearly as much as an IM or IV injection, if at all, but there is greater risk of injected fluid leaking out. This leakage might be profuse if the skin is really tight or too much fluid is injected into 1 site." ], "summary": [ "Take a syringe and cap it with a needle. Remove the needle cap. Take a new bottle and remove the aluminum cap. Poke the needle through the rubber cap. Draw the medication into the syringe. Lower the bottle and slowly remove the needle. Place the bottle upright in a safe place for future use. Point the needle upwards to allow any air bubbles present to float to the top.", "Reduce the painful feeling of the needle plunging in. Select a location to administer the IM injection. Put the needle into the cow’s neck. Administer the medicine.", "Choose a needle based on the animal's weight. Choose needle length based on the type of injection. Use a new, sterile needle for every 10 to 15 injections.", "Restrain the cow before giving the injection. Read the label. Find the injection site. Select the syringe or dosing gun. Vary the injection sites.", "Seek veterinary assistance to perform an IV injection. Locate the jugular vein. Check to make sure that there are no bubbles in your syringe. Insert the syringe at a 30 to 45 degree angle to the surface of the neck. Administer the medicine.", "Use the \"tenting\" technique. Angle the needle so that it is at a 30 to 45 degree angle from the surface of the neck. Guide the needle into the injection site. Administer the shot. Reduce any bleeding that may occur." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Working on Your Wit", "Establishing Rapport", "Working on Your Delivery" ], "document": [ "Everyone enjoys a funny story. But it's hard to elicit laughs from a meandering or vague anecdote. Instead, you should strive to have several crisp, well-worded stories ready to tell at parties and other social events. Think of the most amusing or odd stories from your life. These should be your go-to stories in conversations. Consider the likely audience for your anecdotes. If your goal is to see witty in conversations at an accounting convention, stories related to accounting might be appropriate. However, if you’re looking for witty stories you can tell anywhere, using common experiences such as school or parents or pets or children are best, since more people will be able to relate to them. The same basic story can either be confusing, boring, or gut-busting. In order to make sure your story brings the laughs, you’ll need to polish it. To get an idea of what makes a story funny, study the humorous phrasing and selective exaggeration employed by autobiographical humorists like David Sedaris. Begin outlining your story. Try to remember details. Revise your anecdote crisp, clear, and humorous. Then work on memorizing and fine-tuning your verbal delivery so that it comes across as funny in person as it does on the page. If other people join the conversation, feel free to make fun of them. Make fun of celebrities, singers or politicians. Just make sure that the other person is not a great fan of the celebrity your choosing to pick on. Don't go over the top. Don't make fun of someone's appearance, family situations, sexuality or disabilities (if any) unless you know it is something they are quite open about. Even then, even though they make self-deprecating jokes, they might not want to hear it from other people. Few things come across as wittier in a conversation than clever wordplay. Even if wordplay doesn't come naturally to you, you can improve with practice. Know your vocabulary. Most wordplay depends on having a wide vocabulary. Consider vocabulary-building books, smartphone apps, and games, like crossword puzzles, to improve your command of words. Know the types of wordplay. Spoonerisms (“It's roaring with pain” instead of “It's pouring with rain”), malapropisms (“dance a flamingo” instead of “dance a flamenco”), puns (“She had a photographic memory but never developed it”), and portmanteaus (“Chrismukkah,” a combination of “Christmas” and “Hanukkah”) can all be wittily inserted into conversation if used well. Study examples of good wordplay. Everyone from Shakespeare to George Carlin to Kanye West employs wordplay in their writing and performances. Keeping your audience in mind, consume examples of good wordplay to help you understand how to employ it yourself.", "Before you can be witty, you need to improve your \"conversational intelligence.\" No matter how witty you are, launching into a conversation with a humorous story or a joke can come across as overbearing. Practice the \"Observe-Ask-Reveal\" method of being a conversationalist. Begin by making it clear that you're interested in conversation. In social situations, its important to look approachable by giving nonverbal cues, such as adopting open body language and smiling. Get a conversation going by engaging in strategic small talk. Every conversation needs to start somewhere. Begin with innocuous questions or comments about things around you to get a conversation going. Are you outside? What's the weather like? Are you at a party? What kind of food is being served? If you're speaking to a stranger, pivot from small talk to personal introductions and let the conversation develop from there. In order to know what the person you’re talking to will find amusing, you need to know more about them. Most people are happy to talk about themselves, provided you give them the opportunity. Avoid \"yes\" or \"no\" questions. Instead, keep them open-ended. For example, when someone tells you their occupation, ask their favorite part of their job. When in doubt, ask \"Why?\" Let your conversation partner know you're genuinely interested in what they have to say by maintaining eye contact and subtle interjections like \"Really?\" \"Yeah?\" and \"Uh huh.\" Avoid interrupting your conversation partner, even if you think of something to say. Too often, if you’re trying too hard to be witty, you’ll neglect to listen, because you’re trying to think of your next comment. In order to be witty, though, you need to pay close attention to what your conversation partner is saying. Listen attentively to your conversation partner's words. Don't interrupt. Even if something your conversation partner says sparks an idea for a comment, don't speak until there's a natural break in the conversation. Even the best comments, if made in the form of an interruption, can come across as rude. Note the rhythm of the conversation. Witty banter depends on timing. Listen closely to understand your conversation partner’s speech patterns so that you’ll know when to jump in with a comment. If you miss the moment, an otherwise witty rejoinder will fall flat. Once you know more about your conversation partner, you can begin to decide what you have in common and what might be the best mutual topic of conversation. Think of amusing experiences you’ve had that relate to your conversation partner's interests. At the appropriate time, bring your experiences into the conversation. Sometimes, all it takes is one experience. For example, if the person you’re talking to enjoys fishing but you’ve only been fishing once, think about what novice mistakes you made that your conversation partner might find amusing. Know your audience. British author Somerset Maugham once said “quotation…is a serviceable substitute for wit.” Indeed, cultural references — from books, songs, films, television, politics, etc. — can provide a shortcut to wit. However, in order to ensure your references don’t fall flat, you need to know your audience. For example, if you’re talking to a Baby Boomer, inserting a Beatles lyric into the conversation likely will be more effective than referencing a Taylor Swift song.", "People often want to be witty because they think they aren’t good conversationalists. But insecurity is the enemy of wit. Good delivery often is the difference between a comment eliciting a laugh and falling flat. If you seem nervous or timid, your witty comment will not come across as well. It’s important to remember that your perception of yourself is often inaccurate. You’re probably not as awkward as you imagine, and by letting yourself feel insecure, you’re actually hampering your ability to be witty. Paradoxically, the only way to overcome insecurity in conversation is to have more conversations! The key is engaging in low-stakes interactions (banter with a barista while you're waiting for your latte) as often as possible so that in high-stakes conversations (talking with the coworker you'd like to ask out) you're able to be witty. If face-to-face interactions make you nervous, try practicing your stories, puns, and other newly developed wit skills on social networking websites. Giving yourself a chance to work on your wit when you have more time to think might help you build your confidence so that you can be more relaxed during in-person interactions. As you become more confident, you’ll not only be able to move on when an attempt at wit falls flat, you’ll also know when to stop trying to be witty. Shakespeare said “Brevity is the soul of wit.” Once you believe you’re witty, you won’t feel the need to try to make every comment witty — an effort that is bound to annoy or bore your conversation partner. Likewise, as you gain more confidence in your wit, you’ll learn when to quit. It’s always best to end a conversation on a high note." ], "summary": [ "Get anecdotal. Make it funny. Have good banter. Play with words.", "Put good conversation before witty conversation. Ask questions. Pay attention. Look for commonalities.", "Relax and be yourself. Build your confidence with practice. If necessary, (temporarily) retreat to the web. Quit while you’re ahead." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Learning the Ropes", "Tightening the Fisherman's Knot", "Tying the Fisherman's Knot" ], "document": [ "This is the end of your line and the part that will be doing the knot tying. Designate the end of your rope before you start. This is the rest of your line that would run up toward a reel if you were fishing, or a cinch if you were rock climbing. Basically it is all the middle section of your rope. The turn is when the end of the rope – the tag end – passes completely around the standing line. Some call this a wrap.", "You can tighten the loop by pulling the tagline with your right hand and end 1 with your left hand. End 1 will be next to the bigger loop at this point. This will create a knot on top of your larger loop. End 1 should be able to slide back and forth enabling you to adjust the loop to the appropriate size. If you have ever tied a tie before, it's a similar concept to the tightening of a tie. To continue tightening your knot, pull end 1 through the large loop from behind. Imagine a tie that has already been tied. If you were following instructions to make a tighter fisherman's knot, you would take the bottom of the tie and stick it in through the top of the knot that is holding your tie in place. Once you've done this, pull the line upwards once again. This will proceed to make another small loop on top of the larger loop you just pulled your rope through. Make sure you pull it through the loop from behind. Pull the loop to tighten it using your left hand. Just like you tightened the first knot, tighten this knot by pulling the larger loop from either side. If you plan to undo your work and try again, then you probably shouldn't pull too hard or it will be hard to untie the knot.", "The end in your left hand is end 2, and the end in your right hand is end 1. End 1 will be doing the knot tying, so recognize this as the tag line. Make sure you give yourself plenty of slack. It's helpful to have a lot of string or rope to work with as you learn. You want to cross them so that end 2 lies over end 1. The end of the tagline (end 2) will be behind the loop you have created and pointing downwards. You can leave a short tail or a long tail depending on how much rope you have. To start, make sure that you have at least 6 inches (15 cm) of rope to do the tying. This means that you should have 6 inches (15 cm) of rope above where you crossed it. You've crossed your two lines, so one line should be dangling over the other. Take the dangling piece and start to wrap it around the other piece. As you do this, the part of rope that you originally crossed will start to form a loop. So instead of wrapping that dangling piece (end 2) around end 1, pull end 2 through the loop and up to the left. This will create a smaller loop on top of the larger loop underneath. Keep the loops loose so you're able to get the line through the hole. Using your right hand, pull end 2 through the smaller loop. You should enter the smaller loop from the back and pull up to the front." ], "summary": [ "Find the tag end of your rope. Learn the meaning of standing line. Understand the turn.", "Start to tighten the loop you made. Create another small loop. Pull end 1 through the smaller loop from behind. Tighten the final loop.", "Grab hold of both ends of the rope. Cross end 2 in front of end 1. Pull the tagline through the loop you've created. Pull the tagline through the smaller loop." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Testing for Sarcoptic Mange", "Recognizing Symptoms of Mange", "Understanding the Different Types of Mange", "Taking Initial Treatment and Prevention Steps" ], "document": [ "If your dog appears to be itching itself more than normal but you're unsure whether it has sarcoptic mange, this simple test can help. To start, take one of your dog's ears gently in your hand. Hold the loose, floppy part of the ear between your thumb and index finger. If you're worried about the possibility of getting bitten by your dog's mange-causing mites, you may want to wear disposable gloves for this test. Use your thumb and index finger to rub the dog's ear from both sides. Use slow, steady movements and don't squeeze too tightly. While you do this, keep your eyes on the dog's hind leg on the same side as the ear you're rubbing. You're looking for a movement in the dog's hind leg like it's trying to reach up to scratch its ear. If you see this, your dog may have sarcoptic mange. In this case, you should wash your hands and take the dog to a veterinarian at your earliest convenience. This test (called the pinnal-pedal reflex test) works because, in the vast majority of sarcoptic mange cases, mites are present in and around the dog's ears. When you rub the dog's ear, it feels the irritating itching sensation caused by the mites and tries to scratch itself. While the test does confirm your dog is itchy and sensitized, it does not confirm the cause. Sarcoptic mange can be very difficult to definitively diagnose. The pinnal-pedal test may lead to a presumptive diagnosis of scabies, in which case treatment should begin as soon as possible. If your dog responds to the therapy promptly, that is considered confirmation of the diagnosis.", "Sarcoptic mange usually causes frantic itching. The dog may relentlessly scratch or chew at its skin to relieve the itch. The dog's skin, irritated from the constant scratching and biting, can easily become infected. The itching can even be so severe that it distracts the dog from necessary behavior like eating, drinking, and resting. Severe cases of sarcoptic mange that result in secondary infections from bacteria or yeast can cause a white, crusty surface to form on the dog's irritated skin, though this does not occur in all cases. In addition, dogs with severe secondary infections will also often suffer weight loss, run a fever, and/or have enlarged lymph nodes. Localized demodectic mange, the least serious variety, usually results in one or two \"thin\" or bald patches in the dog's hair. Usually, this small patch will not appear inflamed or irritated and will not cause serious itching. If a case of localized demodectic mange does not go away on its own, it may eventually spread to the rest of the dog's body, resulting in generalized mange. The dog will develop numerous thin or bald patches over its body. Existing patches may grow to about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter. The skin in the patches may become red, scaly, and/or crusty. This skin irritation can cause the dog to scratch at its skin, which can sometimes lead to more serious infections. These secondary infections will lead to similar symptoms as those in sarcoptic mange cases — fever, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, etc. Some select cases of demodectic mange cause a condition called demodectic pododermatitis. This occurs when the mites that cause mange become deeply embedded in the dog's feet, where they are very difficult to remove. This condition most often presents itself in the form of swollen, irritated feet. It is usually worst around the nailbeds and often accompanied by a secondary infection. One of the ways to detect a case of mange on your dog is to find mite bites on yourself. When the type of mites that cause sarcoptic mange come into contact with a human, they can cause red bumps similar to mosquito bites. Luckily, these almost never become serious. However, seeing these symptoms after being around a dog that can't stop scratching itself is a strong indication of sarcoptic mange. Note that humans cannot get the type of mites that cause demodectic mange. Itching or patchy hair loss are also symptoms of other underlying health issues, such as allergies, hyperadrenocorticism  (Cushing's disease), diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and parasite infection. Therefore, it is important to consult your veterinarian about the problem in order to get a proper diagnosis and treatment.", "Dogs can contract two forms of mange — sarcoptic mange and demodectic mange. Though both can be serious, the two forms of the disease differ somewhat in the symptoms they present (see Part 1) and have different causes. Sarcoptic mange is an infection by a specific kind of mite that is passed along from other infected animals. Demodectic mange is caused by a different kind of mite that is normally present in a dog's skin. While most dogs live in harmony with these mites, sometimes the mites can proliferate and cause hair loss and irritation. Although both sarcoptic and generalized demodectic mange can lead to itching, it's important to distinguish the two — the mites that cause sarcoptic mange lead to immediate, severe itching, while the mites that cause demodectic mange cause patches of irritated skin to develop, which then may become itchy. While sarcoptic mange itself can't kill a dog, the dog's health can deteriorate quickly if it gets a serious infection or stops eating or sleeping, so, in this case, immediate veterinary care may be needed. This should be obvious — a dog with a bad case of sarcoptic mange will appear profoundly unhealthy. Sarcoptic mange is sometimes referred to as scabies. Demodectic mange may also be called Demodex. Localized demodectic mange is characterized by hair loss in one or two spots. If unresolved (possibly because of suppressed immunity, allergies, or endocrine issues), the condition may spread, resulting in a proliferation of bald patches that may become irritated and infected, which lead to itching and scabbing. Localized demodectic mange is most common in puppies. In about 90% of cases, localized demodectic mange disappears on its own without treatment in a month or two. However, in a fraction of cases, the disease may develop into the more serious generalized demodectic mange. While dogs do not inherit demodectic mange per se, is thought that those that develop generalized demodectic mange usually inherit their weakness to the disease genetically. Pododermatitis is a third type of demodectic mange; in some cases the dog may have the classic symptoms of demodectic mange, while others may have foot infections only. Treatment of pododermatitis can be long and complicated, often involving administering antibiotics and frequently dipping the dog's feet in a medication called Mitaban. Because treatment is difficult, spotting this condition early is critical.", "If you think your dog has any sort of mange, you should consult your veterinarian. Only a trained, experienced vet can run the proper diagnostic tests to determine the type and severity of the mange. Depending on the diagnosis, the vet will then prescribe the proper medication to treat the mange. Because mange is almost always easiest to treat before it becomes severe, seeing your vet as quickly as possible is important to ensure your pet is back to normal as soon as possible. Cases of sarcoptic mange require a veterinarian more urgently than demodectic mange. Because the severe itching from sarcoptic mange can make a dog miserable (and, more importantly, quickly lead to health problems), early diagnosis and treatment is essential. The exception to this general rule is for very minor cases of localized demodectic mange. Because these usually clear up on their own, a veterinarian is not always necessary, though you may want to consult with one for peace of mind anyway, and to rule out other conditions. In cases of mange (especially sarcoptic mange, which is contagious), any objects that have recently come into contact with the dog's hair or skin should immediately be washed or replaced. This includes its bedding, collar, leash, harness, doghouse, and any brushes or cleaning products. The need for cleaning is especially urgent if you have other pets who don't have mange yet. For fabric objects, launder with bleach or borax and dry at the highest possible setting. For hard objects and surfaces, use a hospital-grade disinfectant. Repeat daily as needed until the mange subsides. As noted above, dogs who get bad cases of demodectic mange sometimes have a weakness in their immune system that they've inherited from their parents. Because of this, owners of dogs that have had long, severe, or difficult-to-treat cases of demodectic mange are usually encouraged not to breed their dogs. For dogs that have had minor, localized cases of demodectic mange, breeding is sometimes considered acceptable, especially if the mange occurred when the dog was young and cleared up on its own. It's worth noting, however, that some veterinarians will recommend against breeding dogs that have had any sort of demodectic mange. If you're unsure of whether it's wise to breed your dog, talk to a vet who knows you and your dog for advice. Usually, a vet like this will be able to recommend a course of action that takes your needs into account as well as the health of any future puppies. Because sarcoptic mange is highly contagious, quarantine is essential for making sure that other pets and animals don't catch the aggravating disease. If your dog has sarcoptic mange, immediately separate it from other animals. Don't let it sleep, feed, or play near them. If you think a neighbor's dog has sarcoptic mange, don't let your own pets go near it. Once the mange has completely disappeared, the dog may be allowed to mingle with other animals as normal. Note that no form of demodectic mange is thought to be contagious to other animals or humans. In very rare cases, the disease may be contagious to other dogs. However, quarantine measures usually aren't taken even when symptoms are severe. Sarcoptic mange is highly contagious and usually passed from one infected dog to another. Often the infected dog shows few, if any, signs of the disease. Sarcoptic mange may be passed from a mother to her puppies, and is common in overcrowded conditions where dogs are poorly maintained, such as puppy mills, boarding kennels, and shelters. However, a dog might be exposed to mites even if it doesn't come into contact with a mangy animal: mites can survive four to 21 days away from their host in temperatures between 50-59 F (10-15 C), and two to six days in temperatures of 68-77 F (20-25 C). A dog could catch mange from an object that has recently been used on an infected animal, such as a blanket or towel. Likewise, if grooming salons do not practice regular sanitation of clippers, towels, and caging, this could also lead to the spread of the disease. Since wild animals like coyotes and foxes can also get sarcoptic mange, exercising in wildlife areas may also expose your dog to scabies." ], "summary": [ "Grab hold of one of the dog's ears. Gently rub the ear between your fingers. Look for an itching motion. Note that the pinnal-pedal reflex test does not give a definitive diagnosis of sarcoptic mange.", "Look for intense itching. Check for hair loss. Note the extent of bald spots or hair loss. Inspect your dog's feet to see if they're swollen or irritated. Look for patches of red, irritated bumps on yourself or others in your household. Note that the signs of mange could also be signs of other, possibly serious, conditions.", "Differentiate between sarcoptic and demodectic mange. Understand the difference between localized and generalized demodectic mange. Learn to look for the signs of demodectic pododermatitis as early as possible.", "Seek veterinary care. Clean or replace the dog's bedding, collar, and so on. Don't breed dogs with demodectic mange. Keep other animals away from a dog with sarcoptic mange. Understand the risk factors for catching sarcoptic mange." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Taking Precautions after a Flight", "Preparing for Your Flight", "Taking Precautions During Your Flight", "Moving Around" ], "document": [ "To improve your circulation after a long flight, it is important to take a nice walk. You will likely have to walk to pick up your luggage, which will help a little bit. In addition, you could take a walk outside when you get to your destination. If you feel pain or swelling in either of your feet or legs, you should seek immediate medical attention. If there is some minor puffiness in your ankles or legs but no pain or any other unusual symptoms, you don’t need to worry. Slight puffiness is not due to blood clotting and is normal with long flights. A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery in your lungs. This blood clot often originates in a person's legs and travels to their lungs. You should seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the symptoms of a pulmonary embolism such as chest pain or shortness of breath. Likewise, see a doctor if you feel dizzy, start coughing up blood or have difficulty breathing. Pulmonary embolism can be a fatal complication of blood clots.", "Certain people are at higher risk of blood clots or DVT than others. If you fall into one of the following categories, you may want to talk to your doctor about taking special precautions when traveling. Risk factors include: Being older than 40 Being overweight Not taking anticoagulant medication as prescribed A genetic blood clotting condition Having cancer or receiving cancer treatment Being pregnant or a recent delivery or c-section Taking hormone therapy or birth control pills Smoking A recent major surgery A broken bone in a lower body extremity (ankle, foot, leg, etc.) Consider an injection of anticoagulant medication if you have cancer, had a recent surgery or have thrombophilia. Depending on your medical history and condition, one of the steps that could help is to take an anticoagulant medication such as heparin. An injection of heparin can thin your blood and make it less likely to clot during the long flight. Ask your doctor whether this is a good option for you. Doctor-recommended compression stockings are a good lifestyle change if you are at risk of blood clots or have an upcoming flight. You should ask your doctor or pharmacist about the appropriate type of stocking, which may be a graduated compression stocking. They should go all the way up to your knee and can help improve circulation when used alongside regular exercise. An aisle seat will allow you to move your legs a little bit more during the flight, which will help improve circulation and reduce the risk of blood clots. Book your flight early so you can be sure to get an aisle seat. You may also be able to pay a little more for a row with extra leg room. If you can afford it, this may be another option to give yourself more space to stretch out. People who travel on flights longer than four hours are at an increased risk of blood clots. If you can take a vacation or attend an event a little bit closer to home, you will reduce your risk. See if you can meet friends, family or colleagues somewhere a little closer, perhaps less than a four-hour flight away. If a long trip is absolutely necessary, consider breaking it up with stops in between and give yourself time to rest, relax and walk about for a day or two between the legs of your trip. If it is not possible, you should at least give yourself a few hours of rest between flights. In this time, you should walk around and stretch.", "If you have been seated at a window seat and are at risk of blood clots, you should tell the flight attendants. Ask one of the flight attendants if they would be able to move you to an aisle seat. If you have carry on baggage, you should place it in the overhead container. Avoid putting anything at your feet, since it will reduce the amount of room that you have for stretching your legs. You should avoid alcohol both prior to your flight and during the actual flight, since it could put you to sleep and cause you to be immobile for a long period of time. A blood clot could form while you are sleeping in an uncomfortable position. If you take a sleeping pill, you could fall asleep and get a blood clot. As such, avoid the temptation of taking a sleeping pill. Instead, you could try taking very short, ten-minute naps. Bring a water bottle with you. When you finish it, ask the flight attendant to refill it for you. If you rely on the small cups of water they give you during the flight, you will not get adequate hydration. To improve circulation, it can help to take off your shoes. It will be easier to stretch your feet and toes without shoes. If you have a habit of crossing your legs, you should avoid it during a long flight. Crossing your legs will reduce circulation to parts of your legs, which will increase the risk of a blood clot.", "Flex your toes back towards your chest. Then, point them towards the ground. Repeat this exercise six to eight times for one set of foot stretches. Every once in awhile, say every half hour, you should perform this foot stretch. Every so often, you should do a simple toe stretch by pressing your toes to the ground and then raising them up to the ceiling. Complete five to eight repetitions. You can do the toe stretch after doing your foot stretch. Grab your knee and pull your leg up to your chest. Hold it for 15 seconds. Then, let it back down to the floor. Repeat the movement on your other side for one complete repetition. Complete 10 repetitions during your flight. Every once in awhile, you should press the balls of your feet to the ground. Press down to the floor to increase the circulation to your lower legs and feet. Roll your right ankle in a clock-wise direction. Then, roll it in a counter-clockwise direction. Once you have rolled it in each direction, you have completed one repetition. Complete six repetitions per foot. Engage your core and lift your legs off the ground. Try lifting them 6 inches off the ground. Hold them up for 30 seconds or as long possible. Relax, and place your feet back on the ground. Repeat this exercise six times. Whenever you see the seat belt sign go off, you should take the opportunity to walk up and down the aisles. Walk slowly to ensure safety. Take your time and just stretch your legs by walking up and down the aisles. Every 20 minutes, walk up and down the aisles for a couple minutes (this is another reason why it's a good idea to get an aisle seat)." ], "summary": [ "Go for a walk right after the trip. Seek medical attention for deep vein thrombosis. See a doctor if you experience symptoms of a pulmonary embolism.", "Know your risk. Ask your doctor about anticoagulant medication. Get compression stockings. Book an aisle seat. Avoid long, uninterrupted flights.", "Ask to be reseated if they give you a window seat. Store your luggage overhead. Avoid drinking alcohol. Avoid sleeping pills on long flights. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water. Take off your shoes during the flight. Don’t cross your legs during the flight.", "Do foot stretches. Stretch your toes. Pull your knees to your chest. Press the balls of your feet to the ground periodically. Roll your ankles. Lift your legs. Walk up and down the aisle." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Bringing a New Dog Home", "Comforting a Sick Dog", "Comforting Your Dog During Loud Noises" ], "document": [ "When you bring a new dog home, it is important to let her explore her surroundings. Let her wander inside, or in a fenced-in backyard for some time alone. If she has a crate or other bed, allow her to explore it privately. This will help her feel comfortable in her new home. Dogs are inherently pack animals. When you bring a new dog into your home, you are inviting him into your pack. Allow him to assimilate by establishing a structure. This will make his transition a comfortable one. Feed your dog at the same time(s) each day. Walk him at roughly the same time too. Be consistent with how you discipline him. It will provide a great source of comfort to a new pet for her to have her own things. The most essential items are food and water bowls, toys, and places to rest. Food and water bowls should not slide around on the ground. Toys should be safe for dogs. Places to rest can be anywhere for your dog to take a break and be alone, like a crate, dog bed, or just a quiet room with some of her toys. It is important for your pet to meet everyone that he will be living with. You don’t want to overwhelm him, so it is best to do these introductions one at a time. Allow him to smell each person and get used to them. Try placing one piece of dirty laundry from each member of the household near the dog’s crate or where he sleeps. Just like humans, dogs like to feel loved. Studies have shown that pets that receive daily affection have longer life expectancies than those who do not. But petting and playing are not the only ways to show affection to your dog. Include your dog in daily activities. Allow her to help out with chores by training her to hand you things that you need. Praise your dog when her behavior meets your expectations of her.", "Take note of your dog’s symptoms, and exactly when they began. Try to be as specific as possible. Once you can determine the problem, you can begin to comfort him. Things to look for include: loss of appetite, lethargy, and vomiting. Use an online “symptom checker” for dogs to help determine possible causes. Call and speak to your vet. Relay the symptoms over the phone and determine the best course of action. If your dog is eating grass, she may have an upset tummy. Eating grass can tickle her throat and tummy and may induce vomiting. This can be very comforting for dog’s with gas or upset tummies. Especially if your dog has diarrhea, dehydration can be a serious concern. Comfort your dog by offering him plenty of water. Try offering him water straight from a hose or faucet, or water with ice cubes. This might spice things up for him and help him to get more water down. You can obtain an electrolyte powder for animals from any farm store. Mix this with water for additional prevention or treatment of dehydration. You can check to see if your dog is dehydrated by lifting up his lip and examining his gums. If healthy, his gums should be covered with a shiny film. If your dog is very dehydrated, get him to the vet right away. Dehydration can lead to organ damage or even death. If your dog as an upset tummy, feeding rice to your dog can give her some comfort. Boil one cup of white rice in one quart of water, until mushy. Drain some of the water, and feed this rice water to your dog. This is both soothing to the tummy and hydrating. Feed her some of the mushy, drained rice. You can mash it with a fork for a softer consistency. You can also mix with other food that she likes. Just like in humans, OTC medicines like bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) can soothe diarrhea or stomach symptoms. Give 1 teaspoon per 5 pounds, or 1 tablespoon per 15 pounds. Do this every two hours. Ask your vet before giving your dog medicine, especially if they're already on medication. Pepto-Bismol should never be given to dogs with bleeding disorders. OTC medications should never be used on dogs who are pregnant or nursing. Never give Pepto-Bismo to cats! It is not abnormal for a dog to have an upset tummy or other illness once in awhile. However, if your pet is seriously ill, she may need to be seen by a professional.Contact your vet in the event of: Vomiting or diarrhea persisting more than 24 hours Seizure Difficulty breathing Moaning with pain Trouble urinating", "While you may feel compelled to comfort your dog with snuggling, treats, and petting, this can actually reinforce the fearful behavior. Instead, do your best to behave normally, treating your dog as you always would, and pretend not to notice her fear. This may be difficult and seem cruel, but petting and feeding your dog treats when she is afraid is in fact rewarding the behavior you are trying to stop. If your dog cannot see (or hear) outside, it may help him to forget about what's happening. Close any windows, curtains, or blinds to help comfort your dog. Take him to an area of the house where he’s less likely to be disturbed. The sound of music may help to drown out distressing sounds. What’s more, studies have shown that classical music can have a very calming effect on dogs in stressful situations. Begin with something classical, like Mozart. Experiment with different types of music to see what your dog enjoys. If your dog has a crate, allow her to lie in it during the storm. If no crate is available, create a cozy den with blankets and dog items. Place some laundry that smells like you in the safe area to add a soothing effect. If using a crate, it may help to drape a blanket over it. Leave the door to the crate open so she doesn’t feel trapped. Don’t close your dog in a room. Allow her to have some space without feeling trapped. \" A thundershirt is a snug garment designed to target calming pressure points. This has a similar effect to swaddling a baby, and can be very calming to your dog when he's distressed. Place the garment on your dog. Use the velcro straps to tighten. This can also be used to calm him in the car. Engage in fun activities that your dog likes. This will keep her mind off the storm and help her to cope. Toss a ball. Wrestle with chew toys. Try playing toys that dispense food or treats. If your dog’s anxiety is severe, schedule an appointment with his vet to talk about it. Ask about prescription anti-anxiety medication options. You may try the dog versions of Xanax, Klonopin, or Diazepam. Most commonly, these are used for separation anxiety, but can also be used for severe noise-induced distress. Follow the instructions your veterinarian provides." ], "summary": [ "Give your dog space. Provide structure for your dog. Give your dog her own things. Introduce him to everyone in the house. Give your dog lots of attention and love.", "Find out what is wrong. Let her eat grass. Keep him hydrated. Feed her rice. Give him over-the-counter (OTC) medicine. Take her to the vet.", "Act nonchalant and relaxed around your dog. Close blinds or windows. Play calming music. Provide a safe area. Dress your dog in a \"thundershirt. Distract your dog. Use anti-anxiety medication." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Planning a Birthday Celebration", "Making His Birthday Special", "Giving Your Dad a Gift" ], "document": [ "See if he wants to do anything special. He may want to have a relaxing day with the family or go out and do something. Take what he says into consideration as you plan his birthday. If he doesn’t mention anything specific, it’s still okay to plan something fun for him! Asking your dad ahead of time also shows that you haven’t forgotten his birthday and will let him know you truly care. For a more laid-back approach, let your dad have some down time on his birthday. Rather than him doing household chores or yard work, volunteer to do them instead so he can relax. Give him a book or his favorite movie and tell him to rest. He’ll be sure to appreciate it! Light candles and keep his slippers right next to the door so he can relax immediately when he gets home. for a milestone birthday. If your dad is turning 40 or 50, consider taking a trip together to celebrate his milestone! Think about where your dad has always wanted to visit. Whether you get there by car or plane, surprise him on his birthday with tickets or a hint of where you’re going! Take a day trip in the car somewhere nearby if you only have the day to spend together. Plan the trip in advance of his birthday, especially if you’re going for a prolonged period of time. Remember you and your dad will have to request off for work and places to stay. for an unexpected celebration. Who doesn’t like a good surprise? Communicate with your family and friends to help prepare the event. Make different plans with your dad on the day of the party to lure him into the surprise. If everyone has kept quiet about the party, he’ll have no idea it’s coming! If your dad’s birthday falls on a weekday, plan the party for the weekend after since more people are available then. If you throw a surprise party on a different day, still plan on doing something special with your dad on his actual birthday! For a more formal and intimate event, have relatives you’re close with come enjoy dinner as a family. You can eat in or go out to your dad’s favorite restaurant. Have fun conversations and share loving memories about your dad. If you’re out to eat, don’t forget to tell the wait staff that it’s your dad’s birthday. They may come sing and celebrate or they could bring out desserts!", "Get up early enough to prepare food and surprise your dad while he’s still in bed. Make him his favorite meal and put some extra effort into it. If he usually has eggs, make them into the eyes of a smiley face and make a smile out of bacon. If he eats oatmeal, put extra goodies in it like fruit with sugar and cinnamon. Don’t forget to wish him a happy birthday right away. If it’s a weekday and your dad has to work, bring a lunch to his place of business and spend time with him. Go when he has a lunch break so you aren’t interrupting his work or distracting his coworkers. Ask a family member to take you if you need help getting there. Hang streamers and blow up balloons to fill your house with color and celebration. Purchase a happy birthday banner or make one yourself with pieces of construction paper. When he gets home, he’ll be surprised by the amount of work you’ve put in. or dessert. Either purchase a box of cake mix or make one from scratch. Decorate the cake with icing and candles once it’s finished. If his favorite dessert is a pie or something else, make that instead. Call your local bakery to ask for a specialty cake. Many bakeries can customize a message in the frosting for a more professional look. Take the time to sit down and enjoy each other in a cooperative or competitive game. It doesn’t matter whether it's a board game you both love or a video game you can play together. Puzzle and strategy games help promote conversation and problem-solving. Don’t be too competitive. Have fun with your dad. Going for a long walk is a great way to spend time outdoors and to talk to your dad. Hold conversation and listen intently to show that you care about his day. Find a nature trail near you or walk around your neighborhood. Treat your dad to a meal at his favorite restaurant. Tell him to get whatever he wants on the menu. Let the wait staff know that it’s your dad’s birthday. You never know if they have special deals, if they’ll come out and sing to him, or if they’ll give him free dessert! Your dad probably has a favorite meal that your family makes at home. Take some time to learn and prepare the meal for him. Cooking your dad a meal will show him how much you care. Ask your dad to cook with you to spend time together in the kitchen.", ". Fold a piece of construction paper in half to form the basic card shape. Write a poem or a message for your dad inside in your neatest handwriting. Decorate the outside of the card with other pieces of paper, glitter glue, or a picture of your dad. Practice the message you plan on writing on a separate piece of paper first. That way, you can make sure the spelling is correct and you’ll know exactly what to write. Find printable templates for birthday cards online. Record yourself talking about the reasons you appreciate him and wishing him a happy birthday. Do a dance, sing a song, or just do something that will make your dad smile. Include others in your video talking about what they love about your dad to make a commemoration for him. Post the video as private on YouTube so you can view the video anywhere and at any time without posting it to the public. Be attentive for the months leading up to his birthday. Listen for the phrases “I wish I had…” or “I really could use...” so you have an idea of what he could use. He’ll be happy that you paid attention to what he was asking for. Make sure to stay aware of his purchases up until his birthday. If he needed something specific, he may have gotten it for himself. If your dad likes to golf, buy him golf balls or a new club. If you and your father enjoy doing a certain hobby together, buy him something that you both can use. If your dad is a handyman, purchase him a tool he doesn’t have. A new tie is a classic gift that a dad will appreciate. Does your dad have a favorite sport? Does he like a specific band? Purchase 2 tickets so you can go with him to spend time together. If the event isn’t on the day of his birthday, give him the tickets as a present and tell him what you’ll be going to. Even if you don’t enjoy an event that your dad would like to go to, he’ll appreciate you spending time with him." ], "summary": [ "Ask your dad what he wants to do on his birthday. Give your dad a relaxing day at home if he wants to unwind. Take a trip Organize a surprise party Plan a dinner outing if he wants to spend time with the family.", "Wake your dad up with breakfast in bed. Surprise him at work around lunchtime if you’re able. Decorate before he gets home. Bake his favorite cake Play a game together. Go for a walk with each other. Go out for dinner. Make your dad a homemade meal.", "Make him a card Film a birthday video for your dad. Listen to your dad for gift ideas. Buy him a gift based on his hobbies. Take your dad to a sporting event or concert." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Creating an Accordion-Style DIY Photo Album", "Creating a Paper Bag DIY Photo Album", "Creating a Mini DIY Photo Album" ], "document": [ "Go to your local craft store to purchase paper for your covers and the subsequent album pages. Create your covers with a decorative heavy paper. The cover sheets should be made of heavier paper like cardstock and should have distinguishing details like patterned paper. Create the album pages with solid sheets of paper that are one color. Sheets should have measurements of 12x12. Divide the 12x12 sheets evenly in half to create two sections of 6x12 pieces. On each 6x12 piece, use a ruler to measure 3 sections that are 4 inches in length. Fold the 6x12 piece against each of the three 4-inch lines and press it firmly to make the folds smooth. Measure and cut the heavy cover pages into two 4x6 cut pieces. Take both of the 6x12 inch sections of paper at their short ends and secure with tape. Fold the paper up like an accordion to discern where the album’s front and back covers will be. The heavy decorative paper from earlier will act as the front and back covers of the album. Place glue at the corners and sides of the page and place them firmly at the front and back of the album pages. Arrange photos on the remaining open pages of the album, placing them on available sheet: front and back. Do not glue photos onto the pages. Instead use photo mount squares on each of the photo’s corners to ensure that they are secure on their respective pages. Make sure that the ribbon is long enough to wrap around the entire length of the album when tying it. Use super adhesive glue to secure the ribbon on the back cover of the album. Tie the ribbon’s ends into a simple bow. Use your creativity to add designs. Use a glitter marker or a gold permanent marker and fill the cover with different drawings or words that have to do with who you’re creating the album for. Add stickers to the front and back if you desire to or even additional photos. As an added personal touch, glue a metal label holder to the front cover to write a name or date.", "Brown paper bags can be bought at either your local grocery store or at a craft store. For the pages, be sure to have at least 3-4 bags to use. Place them so that the side facing up alternates: one side opened, the next side closed. Form the folded bags into a book. Use a hole puncher to punch two holes into the folded paper book: one at the top left corner and one at the bottom left corner. Thread ribbon into each of the holes and bring the ends together in the front of the album. Tie a bow out of the ribbon. Tape or glue the 4x6 photos into place. One photo should fit squarely on each page, front and back. A great way to arrange them is chronologically, but you can also get creative and place photos together that are similar in color. Use leftover wrapping paper or decorative scrapbook paper to add design to the covers. Place dots of glue on the corners of the paper and place firmly and smoothly against the covers. Write on the front of the book with a colorful marker to use cursive penmanship as a way to name it. Place another photo on the front cover to give a hint of what the album will be about and the kinds of photos it holds.", "Have at least 10 printed wallet size photos, 10 blank 3x5 index cards, a ribbon or binding material, a felt tip pen marker, and a hole puncher. Turn the blank index card so that it is on its longest side in landscape position. The wallet sized photos will be placed portrait style on the cards. Stick the photo to the right sides of your blank index cards. Use this space to write about the people in the photo, the date of the event, or just a title for the photo. Decorate the front with markers or keep the look sleek and clean by placing a simple monogram on it by using stencils for lettering. Place the hole at about ½ an inch from the very bottom and very top of the book. Through those holes, thread a ribbon and tie it into a bow." ], "summary": [ "Stock up on paper. Cut the 12x12 solid pieces of paper. Tape the album together. Glue the decorative sheets to the album. Add your photos. Cut a piece of ribbon for your bow.", "Purchase brown lunch bags. Stack the 3-4 brown paper bags together. Fold the stacked bags in half. Fill the paper bag pages with photos. Decorate the front and back covers of the album.", "Gather your materials. Apply rubber cement glue on the back of the photos. Write details depicting the photo on the left side of the card. Place a blank index card in the immediate front and back to act as covers for the album. Punch holes at the top and bottom of your booklet." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Deciding on Your Dream Car", "Shopping Around", "Doing Your Homework" ], "document": [ "A smart buyer knows that they have the inherent bargaining edge if they choose to use it: being willing to walk away. A person who isn't willing to walk away from a deal — at any point in the negotiation process — is likely a person who will overpay for their car. A smart dealer may try draw out the process, making you feel like you've invested a good amount of time in a car, and that walking away is the same thing as abandoning that investment. Don't fall for that trap. Know that any time you spend researching or negotiating, even if the negotiation falls apart, is an investment in itself and will eventually pay off. Car dealerships know that they can generally make money off of people who decide to lease a car. The prevailing myth that leasing a car is always bad isn't quite accurate; if you plan on keeping the car for less than three years, it's an okay deal. But if you want to hold onto your car for a good deal of time, paying that lease will usually leave you worse off than if you negotiated to buy the car. If you do decide to take a car on a test drive, keep your emotions in check. Dealers know that people get emotionally attached to cars when they take them for a test drive. When a customer is emotionally attached to a car, they are far likelier to overspend because they are less willing to walk away from a bad deal. Some things you can do during a test drive to control your enthusiasm: Ask the salesperson for quiet, if necessary. During a test drive, a good salesperson will keep talking about all the features and amenities of a car, trying to convince you it's the best deal. They're trying to get you emotionally attached, do not fall for this trick. If the salesperson won't give it a rest, ask them for silence point blank. Bring your somebody else with you on the drive. Your companion will help you remain analytical and focused on the task of extracting the best possible value for the car. They could also be another BS radar, if the salesperson tries to pull a fast one. Take your time and nitpick. If you're going to buy this car, you should very well feel comfortable in it. Don't rush the drive and ask questions that you want answered. Wait for clear answers. Better yet, tell the salesperson up front that you're prepared to walk away if they bring out a four-square worksheet. A four-square worksheet is a clever mechanism the dealership uses to massage the numbers, getting you to agree on an inflated price. It's a three-card Monte trick the dealer uses. Don't get scammed. on the final out-the-door price. Dealers will try to \"sweeten the deal\" (ostensibly for you, but really for them) by adding on services, perks, etc. onto the price that you initially agreed on, making you feel bad about or guilty about not accepting because it's \"agreed on.\" Don't get fooled by this. You can say something like: \"I'm only prepared to negotiate on the final out-the-door price. If we can agree on a number, I expect that number to be the final number, not the starting point for another negotiation.\" Not all salespeople are slimy and wily, but a lot work in the car industry. Knowing the tricks of their trade will help you be prepared when you sit down to negotiate. Don't fall for the guilt trick. Don't feel guilty for refusing an offer that you know is bad. A salesperson might make you feel guilty for \"wasting his time\" after taking a test drive. This is their job. Don't feel guilty. They certainly don't, their priority is to make a sale. Know that salespeople will start negotiating with an achingly, ridiculously high number. It's their way of \"breaking\" you, and making you feel like the number they're willing to come down on is actually a good one. If you know the invoice price (the price the dealer paid for the car), don't be afraid to walk away from an insultingly high bid. Know the commission structure. After a \"holdback,\" the salesperson gets about a 10% to 25% cut of the difference between the sales price and the invoice price. The higher the total sales price of the car, the more money the salesperson makes in commission. Decide exactly what kind of car you want to buy. Locate several dealerships in the area that have that make and model of car. Phone each one of the dealerships up and tell them that you're planning on buying such and such a car at 5 PM from the dealer that gives you the best price. Tell them you're not negotiating, aren't willing to come into the office until the price is agreed upon, and that you want an out-the-door prices (taxes, everything included). The dealer may not want to play this game with you, but they'd be missing out on an opportunity to sell a car (something a dealer hates to do). Assure them that if they can give you the lowest possible offer, you'll take their offer. If you're buying a used car from a private seller or even a dealership, ask to take the car to a trusted mechanic to check for performance, accident history, or even water damage. Buying with peace of mind will help you find the best deal. Check if the car was reported stolen, scrapped, or ever recalled before you buy. You can get a full history report at CARFAX.com. Or if you live in the UK, go onto autotrader.co.uk, then \"Get A Vehicle Check\". You will have to pay a fee, but it is worth paying to know the truth about the vehicle you are considering purchasing. Don't put your guard down until you've driven the car of your dreams off the lot. Make sure you understand any contract you're reading, and don't be afraid to ask questions. A lot of the time, a dealership will try to add on $10 a month or even hidden fees to wring extra money out of your purchase. Don't be gullible and trust that the salespeople necessarily have your best interests at heart. If the dealership tries to \"pack payments\" by surreptitiously increasing your interest rate, for example, know that the dealer may be subject to heavy fines, as is it illegal. If you believe you are a victim of packing payments, contact a lawyer.", "If you can, try to go on a day/time when the dealership is closed so you can browse freely and not be bothered by any sales pitches or arm twisting. If salespeople do approach you, tell them you have no intention of buying, and are just doing market research, and would prefer to look undisturbed. If they continue to hassle you, walk away and go to another dealership: you probably don't want to buy from a dealership that doesn't respect the customer's wishes. This is called the \"invoice price,\" and it's relatively easy to get on the internet. Arming yourself with the invoice price lets you haggle starting low and going up, as opposed to starting high and going down. It's a much better position to be in. Make sure you find the invoice price with all the available features you want. The invoice price doesn't mean much unless it actually matches the features of the car you're trying to buy. Use websites such as Autobytel.com, VINSnoop.com and PriceQuotes.com to shop for quotes that you can use as bargaining chips when you actually decide to negotiate in person. Many dealerships will also have an online branch that will get you a quote in a couple days; use them! For the best possible bargain, it's essential to have your financial game plan laid out before you set foot on the dealership. This includes: Knowing your credit score if you intend to finance. You can get a free report once a year from each of the three major credit reporting agencies. If you haven't done so already, get your credit score. Shopping around for a loan from a bank or credit agency. Getting a loan directly from the dealership can be a bad idea. Get a loan secured before you walk into the dealership; the dealership might be able to beat the price, and if they can't, you know you'll be able to finance your car another way.", "Doing your homework, like most things in life, is a good idea, especially when purchasing something as expensive as a car. Often, this means knowing what you want to get out of your car. Make a list of what you're looking for in your new car. Some criteria include: Age Appearance Performance Safety Reliability Size Comfort Fuel efficiency Cost Resale value Transmission type Engine size Miles/kilometers per gallon Current mileage (if car is used) Color. What aspects of your would-be car are you willing to budge on, and which aspects do you need to find in your would-be car? Many people say they want safety, reliability, and mileage in their car, when in fact they're looking for performance, comfort, and appearance. Be honest with yourself; it will make the buying process much easier. The smell. The feel. The touch. Buying a new car can be like a religious experience, but it can burn a hole in your wallet if you're not careful. Carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages of buying new based on your situation: The advantages: Freedom of choice. You can buy the car of your dream vs. being limited to the cars that are available. Better financing. If you do decide to finance on a new car, your financing rates could be better than if you bought a used car. Getting new features. New cars are stocked with new cutting-edge features such as interactive touchscreens on the dashboard, additional sensors and reversing cameras. Knowing what you're buying. When you buy new, you have an excellent idea of exactly what you're getting; there shouldn't be any uncertainty lurking the background about the car's history. The disadvantages: Spending more money. This one's a no-brainer. You spend more money on a new car than you do on a used one. Immediate depreciation. As soon as you drive the car off the lot, it loses about 11% of its value. This is informally called the \"lemon effect.\" Higher insurance costs. It'll cost more to insure that brand new convertible. Ambiguous information for model year. Is the model you're buying a workhorse or a defective wreck? You can't really know until later on — sometimes much later on. Used cars are a great deal for many people: they're relatively cheap and the consumer has idea of what to expect out of the car. Still, there are some disadvantages associated with buying used. Know them before you pull the trigger. The advantages: Cost. Buying that car fresh off the lot sure can be expensive; buying a similar car from a classified listings can be drastically cheaper. Better insurance rates. Insurance companies know that drivers of used cars tend to be more cautious and price their insurance accordingly. Less depreciation. Your car will depreciate less if you buy used, because the initial depreciation was so drastic. The disadvantages: Higher dealer markup. Dealers know that they can make a killing on used cars. Buying a used car usually means a significant dealer markup. Higher financing. It usually costs more to finance a used car. Higher/more maintenance. Used cars usually need to be maintained more often and for more money. Unknown mechanical and accident history. When you buy a used car, you don't necessarily have any information on who drove it, how often it was serviced, or whether it got into any accidents. Give yourself a budget, regardless of how much you're spending or what kind of car you want to get. Your budget will keep you from overspending and will tell you when and why to walk away from a bad deal. Take your criteria identified above and the budget that you've made for yourself and start looking. You can look at dealerships, car websites, or classified postings, among others. A couple of things to remember as you begin shopping: Use the internet. A car salesman's worst dream is an educated buyer: a buyer who knows what they want, does not want to be impulsive, and is aware of what's available based on their budget. Searching around on the internet or in the newspaper can help you achieve this. Save your preliminary results. Saving the results of your research will give you a reference point as you continue to shop, especially if you choose to go to a car dealership. Dealers will have artificially high prices that you can spot if you've done your homework." ], "summary": [ "Be willing to walk away at any point in time. If you plan on keeping the car for a good while, forget about leasing. Ace the test drive. Walk away if the salesperson brings out a four-square worksheet. Negotiate Know the salesperson's tricks of the trade. Try this clever trick, if you're willing. Before buying a used car, take the car to a qualified mechanic for a complete pre-purchase inspection. Before buying a used car, run a Vehicle History Report on the car. Read the fine print carefully before you sign.", "Go to dealerships with no intention of buying. Figure out what the dealership paid for the car(s) you're looking at. Get online price quotes to use as bargaining chips. Get your finances in order before you go to the dealership.", "Make a list of what you're looking for in a car. Organize the list in terms of how important the criteria are to you. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of buying a new car. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of buying a used car. Decide on a budget. Look for models that fit your criteria and budget." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Intermediate Ideas", "Easy Ideas", "Advanced Ideas", "Improving Your Chances" ], "document": [ "Can you turn your eyelids inside out? Can you shred like Hendrix on guitar? Everyone's good at something, so take the time to sharpen up with a little practice and show the world what you've got! Musical performances can make for amazing viral videos, but there's no limit here — for instance, videos of incredible sports moves, martial arts skills, Rubik's cube-solving, and much more can all achieve viral success. Examples: \"The Evolution of Dance,\" \"Chocolate Rain,\" etc. Viral Tip: For the best chance at success, try to limit yourself to things that people can't see from anyone else. For example, being able to dunk on a regulation hoop is pretty amazing, but it's something people anyone who watches basketball has seen before. Being able to dunk over a friend's head, on the other hand, is a lot rarer and more impressive. \" Believe it or not, some of the biggest viral stars in the world are people who simply record themselves playing video games, then share the footage with their live commentary added in. These types of videos, which are called \"Let's Play\" videos, are a form of entertainment that's rapidly grown in popularity in the last few years, so you'll already have a built-in audience if you're able to put out funny, well-made content. Examples: YouTube channels like Markiplier, PewDiePie, etc. Viral Tip: If you gain popularity with a Let's Play channel, convert your viral success into cash! For example, some Let's Play-ers make revenue-sharing deals with advertisers, others get sponsored by established video content providers, and still others use digital payment systems like Patreon to take donations from their viewers. There's no beating a cute animal for working your way into your audience's hearts. Cute animals have an almost universal appeal — there's something about watching a baby puppy take its first steps, for instance, that can warm even the coldest hearts. If you have an adorable pet or you happen to stumble across a heartwarming interaction at the zoo, take your phone out and start recording! Examples: \"Sneezing Panda,\" \"Otters Holding Hands.\" Viral Tip: Recording a funny or cute animal video often requires a little more luck and patience than it would take to capture a young relative doing something funny, for instance. It's difficult to predict exactly how animals will behave, even when they're well-behaved, so be patient and keep your camera running! DIY and \"How-to\" videos are immensely popular online. Though these types of videos may not be as likely to get you the internet super-stardom that funny Let's Plays or meme videos are, they can bring their brand of popularity. For instance, the YouTube channel \"DaveHax,\" which contains short how-to videos for basic crafts, routinely gets hundreds of thousands of views per video (sometimes even several million.) Examples: \"Life Hack\" videos, \"WonderHowTo\" videos, etc. Viral Tip: For maximum popularity, you'll want to address problems that lots of people have a hard time dealing with. For example, common computer performance issues like slow loading times, bad Wi-Fi connections, and so on are among the very most common customer support issues. It's amazing how quickly pop culture that seems cutting-edge at the time becomes embarrassingly dated. Older music, fashion, TV shows, and so on can be absolutely cringe-inducing with a decade or two of hindsight. Unearthing an old, forgotten gem of retro cheese and uploading it to the internet can be an unorthodox path to viral success, but it's one that can truly pay off if you hit the jackpot — consider how the practice of \"Rickrolling\" became a cultural touchstone based off of a decades-old music video by Rick Astley. Examples: \"Rickroll\" videos, \"Super Bowl Shuffle\" clips, \"Everything Is Terrible,\" etc. Viral Tip: Though every decade has its fair share of cheese, for many, the neon-soaked 1980s take the cake. Try watching forgotten 80s junk-cinema classics like Miami Connection for a taste of just how corny the Reagan years seem today.", "No matter where you come from, what language you speak, or how you were raised, there's a good chance that you'll chuckle at a video of someone in a scary mask popping out of a trashcan and scaring his friend. Pranks and practical jokes (especially ones that involve physical humor) have a universal quality because almost anyone, anywhere can enjoy them. On top of this, they're very easy to shoot — a simple cell phone camera will usually do the job. Examples: \"Extremely Scary Ghost Elevator Prank in Brazil,\" \"Drive Thru Invisible Driver Prank.\" Viral Tip: Use common sense and stay safe when you're shooting your prank. Don't try to shoot anything that could conceivably leave anyone hurt or in jail. See our article on simple pranks for a few ideas to get you started. Simple monologues are some of the easiest viral videos to shoot — all you need is the camera in your computer or laptop and a funny idea to get you started. Most of the most popular viral monologues are funny (sometimes accidentally), so stay away from serious speeches and political diatribes for the best chance of going viral. Examples: \"Leave Britney Alone\" Viral Tip: The biggest difficulty with monologue videos is that there's not much for your audience to look at besides your face and whatever is right behind you. This means you'll have to be creative to keep your viewers' attention — use humor or an emotional performance to separate yourself from the pack. In the age of the viral video, you don't necessarily have to be able to belt like Whitney Houston to become a music sensation. Giving a funny lip sync performance over a catchy song is an easy way to get your video noticed online. If your performance is ridiculously over-the-top, all the better! Examples: \"Numa Numa Song,\" countless Let It Go lip syncs. Viral Tip: Remember that you don't have to lip sync for the entire song — a thirty-second lip sync of the funniest part of the song can be hilarious, but a four-minute video of the entire thing can be a little much. Don't be afraid to tug at your audience's heartstrings when you're chasing viral success. Cute or heartwarming videos can be immensely popular, and one of the easiest ways to capture pure, undistilled cuteness is to turn the camera on your family. Record something truly adorable (like, for instance, a relative's enthusiastic welcome home after serving a tour of duty abroad) and you will score big with grandmothers everywhere. Examples: \"Charlie Bit My Finger,\" \"David After Dentist,\" etc. Viral Tip: If you have young children in your family, you may be sitting on a comedy goldmine. Kids often aren't afraid to act silly, stupid, cute, and earnest the way that adults can be, so keep your camera rolling on any young ones. Can't think of a good idea for your viral video? Put your own twist on an idea that's already popular! At any given moment, there are usually at least one or two video memes experiencing popularity on sharing sites like Youtube, so hop on board before the trend grows stale — simply add your own unique charm to the existing formula. Examples: Countless \"Harlem Shake\" videos, Downfall spoofs, \"Keyboard Cat\" mashups, and many, many more. Viral Tip: If you want to get popular off of an existing meme, your best bet is to put your video out as soon as possible. The popularity of video memes usually burns bright, but short. For example, the \"Harlem Shake\" video craze of early 2013 peaked in mid-February with millions upon millions of daily views. However, by as early as the start of March, viewership had fallen drastically.", "While feature-length movies are typically beyond the time and budget constraints of most viral video producers, shorts offer a more attainable target. There are no rules here. You can go for a dramatic narrative, a simple comedy setup, or even take an experimental approach by stringing together images and textures without a traditional storyline — it's all up to your vision as director. Examples: Five Second Films, SNL Digital shorts, etc. Viral Tip: Sometimes, the key to achieving viral success with a short film is to make it a really short film. For example, the \"Five Second Films\" YouTube channel, which makes humorous clips that run just five seconds in length, has millions of subscribers. These videos are a step above and beyond basic staring-into-the-webcam lipsync videos. Good music videos pair a memorable concept with a catchy song for potent results. Though it's by no means easy to plan, choreograph, and shoot an awesome music video, the results speak for themselves: as of 2014, seven of the eight most-viewed YouTube videos of all time are music videos. Examples: \"Autotune the News\" videos, \"Here it Goes Again\" by OKGO, etc. Viral Tip: While you don't necessarily have to make a music video for your own original music to go viral, be prepared for difficulties if you make one for someone else's music — song copyright holders are quick to issue takedown notices for content they believe uses their material unfairly. People everywhere love seeing amazing feats of strength, intelligence, and creativity. Though you'll have to literally be the best in the world at something to break a world record, if you're willing to pick a very narrow category, it may not be that big of a stretch to break the record, so get creative! Examples: \"Guinness World Record: Most Shirts Worn at One Time,\" \"Tightest Parallel Park Record Broken,\" etc. Viral Tip: You don't necessarily have to break a record on your own — records like \"Biggest Sock Hop,\" for instance, recognize community organizing rather than one person's individual skill. Viral videos don't necessarily have to be of real people and places. If you're skilled with animation software (like, for instance, Adobe Flash), you can put your skills to use by making cartoons, animated gags, music videos and more. Best of all, animation allows you to depict things that would be impossible to actually shoot with a camera, so you're free to be as creative as you like. Examples: Potter Puppet Pals, Charlie the Unicorn, etc. Viral Tip: Don't know how to animate? See our Adobe Flash articles to start learning about one of the most popular animation programs in use today.", "Being shot in crystal-clear, high-resolution video as opposed to grainy cellphone footage never hurt a viral video's chances. If you want your video to look as good as possible, be willing to make the investment in professional equipment (or borrow a friend's.) Consider browsing our photography articles for technical information on how to get your shots looking amazing. You don't necessarily have to break the bank to get great-quality footage. For instance, a good-quality voice recorder and an HD camcorder, which is all you'll need for basic videos, will run you about $500. The longer your video is, the greater you'll have to fight to keep your audience's attention. Thus, it's much easier to make a short video go viral than a long one. This isn't just common sense — academic research has found that the majority of videos that go viral are under three minutes in length. Some of the most successful videos ever, like the world-renowned \"Charlie Bit My Finger,\" are much shorter. There's no disputing that YouTube is the most popular video-sharing platform in the world (official data from Alexa, an online statistics company, puts YouTube as the third-most-visited site in the world behind Google and Facebook.) However, it's not the only place to upload your videos. Hosting sites like DailyMotion, Vimeo, and more sometimes offer attractive features to video providers. For instance, DailyMotion is sometimes ranked higher in terms of video quality than YouTube. If you're interested mainly in making very short clips, consider joining Vine, a video sharing app meant for videos up to about six seconds long. Vine has its own active user base, so it's possible to become a viral Vine sensation entirely outside of YouTube (though you'll ultimately be able to reach fewer people.) As a very general rule, people like viral videos that make them feel good about themselves and/or the world more than they like pessimistic ones (though there are, of course, plenty of exceptions.) Academic research has found that, while viewers typically prefer content that evokes a strong emotional response, \"happy\" content tends to get shared most of all. A look at the top 10 most-viewed YouTube videos of all time seems to confirm this: the only one that isn't a music video is \"Charlie Bit My Finger,\" which is certainly lighthearted and funny. Of the music videos, about six or seven would generally be classified as lighthearted, depending on your personal tastes." ], "summary": [ "Show off an amazing talent. Make a \"Let's Play. Show the world an especially funny or cute animal. Teach your audience how to do something amazing. Dig up something tacky from the past.", "Film a prank or practical joke. Record a monologue. Make a lip-sync video. Capture an adorable family moment. Participate in a popular video meme.", "Make a short film. Make a music video. Try to break a record. Make an animation.", "Use the best equipment possible. Keep the video short. Don't limit yourself to YouTube. Be positive, uplifting, or inspiring." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Completing a Self-Evaluation", "Evaluating an Employee's Performance", "Preparing to Review an Employee's Performance" ], "document": [ "Your self-evaluation may be what your manager basis your performance review on, or it may simply be a tool to assess how you feel you're progressing. Either way, it's important that you think carefully about what you want to say about your work. You should never rush through a self-evaluation. That appraisal may end up in your personnel file, or it could be reviewed when you're up for a promotion, so make it count. You shouldn't need weeks and weeks to plan a response, but you may want to take at least a day or two to look back on everything you've done in the last year. Your self-evaluation shouldn't be a giant pat on your own back. It should be an honest assessment of your performance over the last year, factoring in both the good and bad aspects of your work. Avoid false modesty and take credit for your achievements. By the same token, though, make sure you don't inflate your performance assessment either. Try to frame your shortcomings as learning experiences. For example, you might say, \"I lost three customers this year; however, in the process, I learned more efficient ways of keeping customers satisfied with our performance, which will help keep future customers with us.\" In any self-evaluation, it's a good idea to begin by acknowledging what is expected from someone working in your position at your employer. This helps establish a baseline by which your performance can be evaluated. If using an open-ended format, spend a few sentences addressing what your position entails. Then address how you actually meet (or fail to meet) those responsibilities, and suggest ways you might improve your work. For example, you might start by writing a sentence or two on what's typically expected from your position. Then spend the rest of the paragraph talking about how you meet, fail to meet, or exceed those expectations. If using a structured or checklist format, your evaluation should already include some general markers of what's expected of your position (usually included in the questions). Rate your work based on how well you actually meet those expectations. Include performance competencies for both your professional skills and your behavior in the workplace, no matter what format you're using. Your self-evaluation should include some aspects of your performance that need work. You shouldn't be self-loathing in your assessment, but you should be able to realistically identify things that you could be doing differently. If you're not sure about how to write about areas of improvement for yourself, ask a trusted colleague or manager how to proceed with this part of the evaluation. The key is to write about your shortcomings as a learning experience. For example, instead of saying \"I lose a lot of clients,\" you might say, \"One area in need of improvement is managing ongoing client relationships. I've learned from experience that ______ is the best approach.\" Talk about specific instances where you struggled with a project but managed to learn something valuable (ideally after succeeding with that project). While different employers use self-evaluations in different ways, one thing is common: you can use this space to talk about what you want for your professional future. Don't be pushy or demanding, but offer hints of where you see yourself in the next few years at that company. Talk about the aspects of your current position that you find most exciting. Suggest some different ways that you can focus more time and attention on the things that excite you. Ask about being included in meetings that deal with those exciting job elements, or request time and/or funding to enroll in some type of continued education or training opportunities. For example, you might say, \"Because of my interest in _____ at my current position, I think I might find working in _____ highly rewarding. I believe my skills could significantly help the _____ department. Use these discussion points to subtly hint that you'd like to take on more responsibility at your workplace. Over time, taking on more responsibility could lead to a promotion or a raise.", "Before you begin an employee's performance appraisal, you'll need to decide how to review that employee's work. There are several different ways of organizing/structuring your appraisal. Three of the most common include: Open-ended: Rather than using a rating scale, an open-ended appraisal is an open-ended written evaluation that can include any thoughts that the appraiser chooses to include. This format is preferable if you only manage a small number of people. Structured response: The structured response appraisal is a middle-ground between open-ended and checklist evaluations. It consists of a series of topics/questions within a set of performance parameters, which you fill in according to the employee's performance. Remember that these responses need to be based on observation of results, not speculation of motive or attitude. Checklist: The checklist appraisal is generally used by managers with a large number of employees to evaluate. It consists of a list of performance appraisals and a numerical ranking of how a given employee performs in each category (for example, on a scale of 1 to 5). Ranking employees in groups against others can be an effective way to recognize low performance. Many company automatically terminate the lowest 10 percent if no improvement is made. It can be very easy to confuse accomplishments and achievements with activities. Activities are what workers perform on a day-to-day basis by coming to work; accomplishments are the results or outcomes of an employee's activities and hard work. As you assess an employee's performance, you'll need to distinguish between that employee doing their job and actually accomplishing things for the company. Make a point of praising good work on the employee's part, but have concrete accomplishments to praise. You should especially praise good work if the employee is doing the work of multiple people. Many employees get saddled with extra work after downsizing, yet they never get recognition for that extra effort. Focus on the entire reporting period (most likely a year). Focusing on one bad incident from the last month and ignoring the last 11 months of flawless work is unfair and unhelpful for most employees. It may seem obvious, but a performance appraisal is only valuable to the employee if it provides specific feedback on areas that need improvement. It should also address specific things the employee is doing well, and provide encouragement in all areas of performance. Dedicate time to each individual objective being reviewed. Be honest and fair in your assessment, and don't play favorites among your employees. Support every score on the evaluation, whether good or bad, with written comments and feedback. Make sure your criticism (if any) is constructive. It's not helpful to tell someone they're bad at doing something; instead, tell them how to improve that aspect of their job. As a manager, ask and focus on how you can help employee reach goals. In other words, be people-oriented to achieve high standards, rather than process-oriented. Focus on each employee's strengths and weaknesses, and be sure to give your employee new performance goals for the coming year. Let employees know that improvement can lead to benefits like a salary increase or a promotion to a better position. If the employee has areas that need to improve, you'll need to give that individual the tools to improve their performance. The best goals are called S.M.A.R.T. goals, an acronym for Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Specific goals should use exact language and target the precise aspects of performance that need improvement. For example, instead of saying \"Make better sales calls,\" you might suggest that the employee work on their tone and pitch with customers. Measurable goals should be easily tracked. You should have a clear indication of what needs to be done, how much change needs to be made, and when it needs to happen by. Attainable goals are realistic and feasible for an employee to accomplish. Rather than expecting an employee to single-handedly turn the company around, you should expect that employee to improve their sales numbers, for example. Relevant goals link the employee's performance with quantifiable results that relate to their function in the workplace. For example, a customer service employee may be asked to increase the number of disgruntled callers they're able to keep as customers. Time-bound goals have a specific start and end date. For example, a time-bound goal might be to improve customer satisfaction ratings within the next six months. Even the most critical performance appraisal should end with something positive. As a manager, you'll have to evaluate the work an employee has done to find something positive you can commend. It's typically easier to take critical feedback if the review ends with something positive. Think about everything that employee has done over the last year, including how that employee interacts with other colleagues, to find something positive you can praise. While annual reviews are very common, some managers like to follow up with employees between those big reviews. These may be done quarterly or at the mid-year point, but the goal is to evaluate each employee's progress so that the employee isn't blindsided by more criticism during the next annual review. You can follow up with employees through formal performance appraisals, or informally through a one-on-one conversation with each employee (if this is feasible). Praise improvements and corrective changes the employee has made. Give them credit for all their hard work. Point out any performance aspects that have not improved with your recommendations or have gotten worse since last year's review.", "Before you begin reviewing an employee's performance, you should double-check that employee's description in your employment files. If the position's requirements or functions have changed at all in the last few years, that description will need to be updated. It would be unfair to the employee to evaluate them based on outdated position descriptions. Recognize the work that employee has done and the work they're expected to do this year, not in years past. Update the description to include any special skills or knowledge required to do the work and/or any specific tools or equipment needed. In addition to reviewing the position description, you should also review the essential performance functions of that position. These functions will help you identify your own expectations for that employee. Performance functions vary by job, but they generally include: Accountability: This covers whether the employee is reliable and consistent. Accountability may include punctuality, ability to meet deadlines, respect for the organization and its employees, and ability to meet or exceed performance expectations. Production standards: These should be objective, measurable accomplishments performed within specific time frames. For example, a person picking stock in a distribution center might be expected to pick 100 pieces an hour. Job knowledge: This may include the employee's professional skills, ability to assist coworkers, and willingness to continue developing their knowledge and abilities. Required knowledge might also include operating, maintaining, and instructing others with special tools and equipment. Communication: This may include communication skills, or it may cover an employee's ability to work collaboratively and seek feedback from other employees. Interpersonal relations: This generally deals with how the employee treats their colleagues, and whether the employee is tactful and respectful of others. Customer service: If the employee's position involves customer service, you may want to include evaluations on patience, approachability, reliability, and the employee's commitment to following up with customers as needed. As you prepare to assess an employee's performance over the past year, it's important to review what you (or perhaps another manager) said about that employee last year. There may be significant improvements made, or the employee's performance may have gotten worse; either way, you should know in advance where things stand. Look into performance reviews for the past three years, especially noting whether such reviews have been performed by other people. Note any employee comments about past reviews. The best way to begin a performance appraisal is to document the work that a given employee has done. Take note of both what the employee has done in their position and how they did it, whether the things you document are good or bad. Reviews should be as objective as possible based upon viewable, measurable results. If subjectivity is required, note justifications in the review. In order to complete a performance appraisal, you will need to decide on some type of measurable, quantitative method of documenting and evaluating performance. Any time an employee commits an infraction, it needs to be documented in that employee's personnel file. These infractions should be reviewed and compiled during that employee's performance appraisal. Tie any performance praise or infraction reprimand with specific rules and policies at work. Make sure all rules and policies are enforced equally for all employees. An important part of the appraisal process for many employers is seeking feedback from each employee's coworkers and from the employee himself or herself. This allows managers to get a better feel for how an individual views their job and how that employee's coworkers view their performance. Ask an employee's coworkers how that individual performs at work, both independently and in collaboration with others. You should specifically ask about both the accomplishments of that employee and any areas that their colleagues believe need improvement. Remember that co-workers' comments are always subjective and often based upon their relationship with employee. Rather than relying upon single interviews, indicate the use of 360-degree appraisals. Your employees should not go into their performance reviews feeling blindsided. If there are elements of an employee's performance that need improvement, let that employee know in a casual (yet professional) way. Likewise, if an employee is doing a good job, give that person praise when you see them at work. The employer should have written history of any reviews and feedback, with evidence that the employee understands the reason for a negative comment and the expectations for improvement." ], "summary": [ "Give yourself enough time to reflect and plan a response. Assess your work honestly. Acknowledge how you meet your responsibilities. Identify areas that could use improvement. Use the self-evaluation as an opportunity.", "Choose an appraisal format. Consider what's actually been achieved. Justify each part of the evaluation. Set SMART goals and objectives for the position. End the review on a positive note. Follow up with quarterly or mid-year reviews.", "Update that position's description. Identify expectations based on job roles/functions. Review last year's performance appraisal. Document the employee's performance. Get feedback from the employee and their co-workers. Give your employee regular feedback between performance reviews." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using Optical Tricks", "Contouring with Makeup", "Trying Nose-Slimming Exercises" ], "document": [ "Sometimes, you may be tempted to pluck the inner edges of your eyebrows. However, when you pluck your eyebrows in this area too much, it widens the space between them. In turn, that makes your nose look wider. By not plucking your eyebrows too much, you'll make your nose look slimmer. If your eyebrows are naturally far apart, you can fill in this area a bit with an eyebrow pencil. When outlining and filling in your eyebrows, draw the line slightly inward on the inside of your eyebrow. Sometimes, just by drawing attention elsewhere, you can make your nose seem smaller. For instance, use a bold lipstick like a dark red on your lips, and people will tend to look there rather than your nose. Similarly, you can highlight your eyes by lining the top with eyeliner and adding a bit of shimmery eye shadow. You can also add contouring to your cheeks to draw attention away from your nose. Apply darker lines where there should be a shadow (in the hollow of your cheek) and highlighter along the top of the cheekbone, then blend them together. The farther you can get your arm out, the slimmer your nose will look. That's because closeup pictures actually distort your nose and make it look bigger. In fact, looking at selfies can give you a bit of a complex if you're not careful; when checking out yourself in a picture, keep in mind the camera may be widening your nose! You can use a selfie stick if your arm doesn't reach quite far enough. The closer you get to the edge of the lens, the more distortions you're likely to get. Aim to put your nose as close to the center of the picture as you can to keep it from looking larger. In addition, try to make sure your chin and forehead are about the same distance from the lens, which will help limit distortions, as well. Putting your nose in profile means you're not seeing it head on. Because of that, it will look slightly smaller in pictures, as you're seeing the side rather than the front.", "Put 1 line down the center of your nose, starting at the bridge and going down to the tip. Then, put a line down each side of your nose, running from near the bridge down to the front part of the nostril. Apply the concealer you use to spot treat your face. If you don't already use concealer, try picking one that matches your skin tone perfectly. To check the color in the store, apply it to the inside of your wrist to see if it matches. These lines don't need to be perfect, as you'll be blending them in. Dab at the concealer with a blending sponge to blend the lines into your nose. Keep going up and down it until the lines are gone and your nose looks mostly smooth. If you want, you can set this makeup in place up by going over it with a setting powder in a similar shade. Dip a triangular sponge into your bronzer, using the thin end. Set it on one side of the bridge of your nose and run it down to the tip to create a very thin line. Don't worry if you mess it up! You're going to be blending it in anyway. Do the same on the other side. The closer the lines are together, the thinner your nose will look. Bronzer should be a shade or 2 darker than your skin tone. Pick a bronzer that's matte and in a cool color; it shouldn't have red or orange tones in it, as that will make it look harsh. Dab the lines you've created using the narrow end of a blending sponge, moving down them. Make sure the lines are blended in really well, as you just want a shadow effect, not actual lines. You can also use a blending brush for this purpose. If you do, work in the brush over the lines in small circles. It helps to blend it up into your eyelids, just under your eyebrows, as that's where the shadow falls on your face naturally. Basically, you're going over the light lines you created earlier with the concealer. Use a blending brush to run it gently over your nostrils and then down the center of your nose from the bridge. This helps blend in the dark lines. Highlighter powder should be 1-2 shades lighter than your skin tone.", "Make a surprised \"O\" shape with your mouth, keeping the \"O\" fairly tight. Place an index finger on either side of your nose, one on each nostril. Push each nostril in about halfway toward your nose; you need to still be able to breathe through your nose for this exercise. Turn your head upward. Breathe deeply and blow air out through your nose, flaring your nostrils as you do. Do this at least 3-5 times in a row to get the full results and repeat it several times a day. It make take a couple of weeks up to several months to see results! Smile as widely as you can; do a big, goofy grin. As you do, push the bottom of your nose upward. Alternate between smiling and going back to your resting face, pressing on your nose the whole time. This exercise may feel kind of goofy, but smiling that wide can also put you in a better mood! This works the muscles around your nose, which may help slim it. Do 2 sets of 15. Use your index finger and thumb to grasp the bridge of your nose. Then, press up on the bottom of your nose with your other index finger. Keep these in place as you stretch your upper lip down. Alternate between relaxing and pulling your lip down. This exercise may seem a bit odd with so many fingers on your nose, but it can help work the muscles around your nose! Try 2 sets of 15." ], "summary": [ "Avoid overplucking the space between your eyebrows to keep it narrower. Emphasize other parts of your face to downplay your nose. Stretch your arm out further when taking selfies to diminish your nose. Center your face in selfies to keep your nose from being distorted by the lens. Turn your head slightly to one side to put your nose in profile for pictures.", "Add 3 lines of concealer going down your nose. Blend the concealer in using a blending sponge. Draw 2 lines down your nose with bronzer. Mix the lines together with a blending sponge. Add a bit of highlighter powder along the sides and center of your nose.", "Press your fingers into your nostrils to work on slimming them. Smile and press up on your nose to work your nose muscles. Pinch your nose while moving your upper lip to stretch the muscles around your nose." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Giving Them the Right Kind of Attention", "Taking Care of Their Basic Needs" ], "document": [ "If there's anything labrador retrievers love more than food, it is spending time with you - playing, snuggling, or simply following you around.. Don’t neglect your lab if it wants to play or cuddle up next to your feet while you watch TV. Your labrador retriever has not lost its pack instinct. Most likely, your lab views you as the leader or one of the leaders of its pack. So if you neglect your lab, it will be affected emotionally. All dogs are territorial. Your lab is no exception. It's natural for them to bark at anything and everything, but when conditioned properly, they aren't so ferocious. Make sure that you spend some time at home and out in public training your lab. If you have several dogs, you'll need to gradually introduce your new labrador retriever into the mix. Place them in a room or outdoor space divided by a fence of some kind. Let the dogs get a sense of one another. They learn a lot by smells, so give them 30 minutes or more to just take in their new companion. Next, let them get closer, but keep them on a leash. Do this several times, limiting their exposure to the other animal to half hour increments. Only when you are confident that they won't attack one another should you let them roam freely. Have them play together outside. Let them bond. The same rules apply to people. If your labrador retriever is going to get used to being around a lot of people, it needs to be introduced into these environments in a safe way. Keep your lab on a leash. Have surrounding people/strangers pet your dog and be kind to them. Tell them to offer their hand to your dog. Dogs love to smell people's hands in order to assess their scent. Do this frequently. Eventually, your lab will learn that people can be trusted. Generally, your labrador retriever will play well with children. However, if you have younger children, you will have to keep tabs on what they're doing with the dog at all times. Make sure the child isn't hurting or threatening your dog in any way or this may result in a physical altercation. Your dog isn't vicious. It doesn't hate your child. It might just feel threatened by it. If it scratches or bites, it is simply reacting instinctually to a threat. Do your best to limit this threat. Be present when your child plays with your labrador. Typically, your lab's favorite toy will be a tennis ball. This probably speaks to their inner \"retriever\". Since your lab was bred to fetch wild game, it makes sense that it would enjoy playing with something that is meant to be retrieved. You can find a myriad of other toys at any pet superstore. Dog toys are a great way for your dog to play and to burn off excess energy without having to go outside and run around. Teach it how to walk on a leash also. Labrador retrievers are an intelligent breed and are often easy to train - especially, when they are younger. A trained dog is more confident and better behaved. In addition, a dog that will listen to voice commands is safer in the event it is ever off-leash. When training your labrador retriever, be sure to reinforce positive behavior rather than chastise for negative. Never hit your labrador retriever. You are trying to build a trusting relationship with your dog, not create a neurotic and scared animal. Dogs that attack people or children without heed are often the product of cruel environments. Don't let your labrador retriever be one of them.", "Your labrador retriever has a huge appetite. It loves to eat, so it may carry its food bowl around with them, beg for food, or eat unconventional things. This is normal. The exact quantity of food you give your lab depends on which food you're offering and how many calories it contains. Follow the feeding guidelines on the food packaging, and increase or decrease the amount depending on whether the dog loses or gains weight on this ration. If your dog is more active than most dogs, then you should increase its food intake accordingly. For instance, if every morning you and your furry friend go for a 5 mile jog together, you should consider giving it more food than usual. Obviously, you don’t want your labrador to become obese. If you cannot easily feel its rib bones anymore, then you are probably overfeeding it. At the same time, you should not be able to see its rib bones from afar. Your lab will get very thirsty after exercise and will need to quench that thirst. It will drink more or less water depending on how active it has been and how hot it is outside. Do not limit your dog's water consumption. Unlike food, your dog will regulate itself. Dehydration can be fatal, so don't take any chances. You lab needs a lot of exercise in order to stay healthy. Walk your lab up to three times a day and if you can, take it on long walks of a couple miles or more. If you have a backyard, make sure that it is big enough for your dog to run around. Small backyards are not suitable for big dogs like labs. Whether your lab lives outside or inside, make sure that it has a space it can call its own. Include a large, durable dog bed. Your lab will paw at the bed constantly to get comfortable. Cheap beds will rip easily and can cause quite a mess. Giving your labrador its own bed will also help you train it to stay off of yours, if you are so inclined. Labradors are a short-haired breed that come in brown, black, and gold. For most of the year, your lab will remain fairly low maintenance. During the summer, you’ll want to brush it regularly — weekly is best — to remove loose hair from its coat. Brushing your lab will also help remove dirt and spread natural oils throughout. Don’t bathe your lab too often. The natural oils in your lab's fur can even help fend off fleas and ticks. Bathe your lab 3 or 4 times a year or whenever its stench gets too strong. Every 2 to 3 months, you should trim your labrador’s nails. If you take your dog on frequent walks, the hard pavement will naturally file its nails down. You can trim them at home or have a vet do it. In general, you can train your lab to sit still to have its nails trimmed. Just offer it a treat after every successful trip to your at-home doggie nail salon. Eventually, your dog will welcome it. Be sure to use proper dog nail trimmers. Human nail clippers won't work effectively. Secure your dog's foot in place and then quickly clip off the nail. Do not clip too close to the base of the nail. Doing so can be very painful and cause bleeding. Make sure that the nail does not curve back into the dog's paw or is too sharp to cause accidental damage. Your Labrador's ears can become breeding grounds for bacteria if not cleaned regularly and properly. Check the dog's ears regularly for any excessive or smelly discharge, and seek veterinary advice if you notice anything amiss. If you want to clean the ears, use a specific product designed for the purpose. Do not use a Q-Tip to clean inside your dog’s ear. One sudden jerk could seriously damage your dog’s ear canal The more active your lab is the more likely it'll have dental issues. Gum disease, loose teeth, cracked/fractured/broken teeth, root abscesses, and tartar build-up are all problems you’ll need to be on the lookout for. Take your dog to the vet for teeth cleaning 1 or 2 times a year. Routine trips to your vet can also help combat terrible breath. Since you are on the receiving end of so many slobbery kisses, this issue has probably crossed your mind and therefore is just one more reason why you should have your lab's teeth cleaned. Vets suggest that you brush your dog's teeth daily or at least several times a week. Purchase a speciality toothbrush and toothpaste from your local pet shop/superstore or your veterinarian. Several kinds of toothpaste are available, many of which come in tasty flavors - e.g. liver, chicken, and peanut butter - that your dog will enjoy. Introduce the brush into your dog's mouth gently. Use your fingers to lift your dog's lips in order to expose their teeth. Work the brush in circles and go from tooth to tooth. Its back teeth will be the most difficult to get to, so save them for last. Make sure that you brush both sides of each tooth. Reward you dog with a treat afterwards. Every dog needs certain core vaccinations on a regular basis. It is a good idea to take your dog to the vet at least twice a year for routine exams to monitor its health and to establish a good relationship with your veterinary staff. If your pet should get hurt or is not acting normally, it is always a good idea to visit the veterinarian for an exam and medical care if needed. Your vet will also prescribe necessary medicines (topical and supplemental) to help ward off parasites like fleas and ticks. As your dog ages, you may see such health issues as hip dysplasia, epilepsy, or seizures. Your labrador retriever may also experience eye problems. If any of these are happening to your dog, immediately contact your vet and talk about possible treatment solutions or medications. An elderly dog with any such conditions should see a vet every two months or as advised by your vet." ], "summary": [ "Show your lab a lot of affection.By nature, it is a very loving dog. Socialize your labrador retriever. Teach your children how to play with your lab. Supply your lab with plenty of toys. Teach your lab basic commands like sit, stay, and come.", "Feed it appropriately. Provide plenty of clean, fresh water. Walk your dog. Provide comfortable shelter. Groom your dog regularly. Trim your lab's nails. Clean your labrador retriever's floppy ears. Care for your lab's teeth. Provide routine veterinary care." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Having Fun at Home", "Avoiding Spending Money", "Seeking Out Free Activities" ], "document": [ "Between the price of tickets and the cost of snacks, seeing a movie in theaters can be pricey. Instead of spending a lot of money going out, have friends over for a movie night. Have people bring over DVDs or take advantage of your Netflix account. If you're into seeing movies as they come out, newer movies are often available to rent online. You can rent the newest releases using a service like Amazon, so you can see new movies shortly after they hit the theaters. Board games are a cheap way to entertain guests. If you're broke, but want to do some socializing over the weekend, bust out a deck of cards or some of your favorite board games. Have friends over for a game night. If you're low on money for snacks, make some baked good or other snack foods using the ingredients you currently have in your kitchen. You can also encourage friends to bring over their own snacks and drinks for the night. Going out to eat is fun, but it gets pricey. If you and your friends want to get together for a meal, why not offer to host a potluck? Everyone can bring their own dish and you can all share. This will cut down on spending for everyone involved. Instead of going out and buying ingredients to make a dish, go through your fridge and pantry. Challenge yourself to make something without spending any money. If you really want to make the night about saving money, you can make a rule that no one buys ingredients for their dish. This can be a fun challenge that will keep everyone's spending in check. If there's a show you watch regularly, you can have a standing invitation to have your friends over each night the show airs. You can also host a party where you marathon watch your favorite TV shows on Netflix. Staying in and unwinding in front of the television allows you to socialize without spending too much money. As with a movie night, invite everyone to bring their own drinks and snacks. Try to whip appetizers and sweets using only the ingredients you currently have in your kitchen. A swap meet can be a fun event where everyone saves money and reduces clutter in their home. Encourage everyone to go through their closets and find clothing and other items they no longer need. Then, you and your friends can all trade items. This can be a fun way to socialize, cut down on clutter, and gain new things you may need. Encourage people to bring drinks and appetizers to the event. This can make it more fun and prevent you from having to spend on refreshments. If all your friends are going out to an event, but you can't afford it, this can be disappointing. However, you don't have to feel left out just because you can't, say, afford a movie ticket or a ticket to a concert. Make your place the spot for the after party. For example, say all your friends are going to a concert. If the invitation is extended to you, say something like, \"I can't really afford that right now, but thanks for the invite. I would love to see you guys, so if you want to come hang out at my place afterwards, that would be great.\" Oftentimes, an event will get out early. Your friends will probably want to stay out and socialize, but bars and other places can get pricey. People will probably appreciate you giving them somewhere to go afterwards.", "Oftentimes, you go out without the intention of spending money but end up getting hungry. Social events often revolve around food. You may, for example, go to a free concert thinking you won't spend a time, only to be tantalized by the smell of the hot dog stand. You may go hang out at a friend's place and end up pitching in for pizza even though you planned on not spending money. Eating before a social event can help you resist this temptation. Have a big meal before you go out. Stick to healthy foods that won't leave you hungry later, like whole wheats, fruits and vegetables, and lean proteins. This can also be helpful if you're trying to lose weight. You will fill up on healthy foods and won't waste calories on junk food. If you do end up spending a little money socializing, try not to do so at a bar. Bars are notorious for having high prices. The cost of alcohol at a bar is much greater than it would be simply buying alcohol at a store. If your friends want to get drinks, suggest you have drinks at someone's place rather than out at a bar. Even free events can have unexpected costs, so watch out for these. Try to eliminate hidden costs when you can. You may, for example, have to pay for parking at a free concert. You can eliminate this cost, however, by taking public transportation. It's not easy having to budget while wanting to be social. Your friends may sometimes struggle to understand the issue. Try to encourage them to lighten up and spend. If your friends are trying to pressure you into spending money, say something like, \"I know you guys want me to have fun, but I'm really trying to save right now.\" It can sometimes help to explain your financial situation. For example, \"I'm trying to pay off my credit card right now\" or \"I really need to save up for that new car.\"", "If there's a community center in your area, try taking a trip there. Community centers offer provide entertainment options, like movies and games, for free. You can get a group of friends together and make a trip to your community center. Community centers sometimes host free events, like free carnivals. Look up the calendar to your local community center online and see if there are any events happening. In addition to going to events with friends, free events can be a great way to meet new people. Are you currently a student? Are you under 18, a senior citizen, or a member of a well known club or organization? If so, you may get free or discounted admission. Check what kind of specials local establishments offer. There may be certain days of the week you can get into a museum, amusement park, or other attraction for free or very cheap. If you live in a city with a lot of museums, many museums offer free admissions to locals certain days of the week. If you're looking for a way to socialize for free, get a bunch of friends together and go to a museum on one of these days. You can find your city or town's event calendar online. You can also do a quick online search for free events in your area. Not everyone costs money. You can often find free art galleries, concerts, or festivals. If there's a free event coming up, this is a great way to socialize on a budget. Are you a member of a local gym? Are you on the board of a local theater? Do you have a membership at a local art gallery? If so, you may be able to get you and a guest in for free. For example, if you have a gym membership, see if you get any guest passes. If you do, get a group of friends together to go swimming. If you want to go out without spending money, take advantage of the natural beauty in your area. Enjoying the outdoors is always free. Get a group of friends together for some outdoor activities. Go to the beach with friends. Get a group together for a hike through the woods. Have a picnic at a local park. Go for a bike ride through your town or on a nature trail." ], "summary": [ "Have a movie night. Play board games. Plan a potluck. Have a TV night. Organize a swap meet. Ask people to come over after an event.", "Eat before you go out. Avoid bars. Pay attention to hidden costs. Encourage friends to be understanding of your money issues.", "Visit a community center. See if you qualify for free admission anywhere. Look for free events in your area. Use any memberships you have. Take advantage of nature." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Transposing Music for Vocalists", "Transposing Music for Instruments", "Transposing Chords" ], "document": [ "A vocalist's range consists of all the notes between the highest and lowest notes they can sing. Within that overall range, they may have specific areas or keys where they are most comfortable singing. Your vocalist should be able to provide this information to you. If they're unsure, you might have to rely on trial and error to find the best transposition. Find the highest or lowest note, whichever is giving the vocalist difficulty. Adjust the note up or down until it falls within your vocalist's range. Then count the number of steps or half-steps between the original note and the new note. If you have both high and low notes that are outside your vocalist's range, you may have to transpose the song into two different keys to make it work. The key in which the song is played will be transposed just as the notes are. If you are transposing into a particular key, you'll already know what key it's in. If you're just moving up a step or two, you'll need to work it out. If you're unsure about the key, you can use a chromatic circle to find the relation between the keys. These are readily available online. Move counter-clockwise around the circle if you're moving the notes up, and clockwise if you're moving the notes down. For example, if you started in D Major and went up one whole step, your transposed song is in E Major. To transpose the song, you must move each note up the same interval. If the song has other sharps and flats not related to the original key signature, ignore it for now – but mark where it is. Transpose a note with an accidental sharp or flat from where it normally would be in the original key. For example, assume the B note is natural in the original key. If the song has an accidental B-flat, you would move the note from B – not from B-flat. Once you've transposed the entire song, go back to the original score and look for any sharps or flats. Work out how far up or down the original accidental moved the note, and then adjust it that number of steps in your transposed song. For example, assume the B note is natural in the original key. If the song has an accidental B-sharp, that means the natural B was moved up a half-step. Find that note in your transposed song and move the transposed note up a half-step as well, marking the new accidental. After you've completed your transposition, it's a good idea to play through the song and check to make sure you've moved the notes correctly. Your vocalist also may want to try the song out and see if it's now more comfortable for them to sing.", "If you're simply transposing the music to make it easier for the musician to play on their instrument, the transposition process is the same as if you were transposing the music for a vocalist. Some songs are easier to play on some instruments in one key than in another. Beginner musicians often can play more complex songs if they are transposed to an easier key. If you are playing with a musician who plays a \"transposing instrument,\" however, the process is a little bit different. Transposing instruments are those such as the clarinet, for which a C would sound like a B-flat when played. If you're transposing a song for a transposing instrument, the key of the instrument will tell you how many steps up or down you need to transpose the song. Your interval is the number of steps between the original key of the song and the key of the transposing instrument. For example, if you have a song written in C that you need to transpose for a B-flat clarinet, you would need to move all the notes up a whole step, since B-flat is a whole step down from C. You also can use a transposition chart, that will tell you exactly what transposition you need if you want the song to sound right on transposing instruments. Now that you know the interval you need, all the notes in the song must be moved the same interval. Mark any sharps or flats not part of the key signature so you can come back to them. Move accidentals up or down from the same tone the note would have had in the original key signature. For example, if the song has a C-sharp and C is normally natural in that song's original key, you want to transpose from natural C. With all the notes moved and no accidentals, you should be able to work out what key the song is now in. If you're not strong on your keys yet, there are charts available online that will tell you. If you're working on sheet music, you'll want to note your key signature at the beginning of the song. Now that the entire song is transposed in the new key, you'll need to also move up any sharps or flats that appeared in the song and weren't part of the key signature. Go back to the original song and find the accidentals. Work out how far the accidental moved the note from where it normally would be in the original key signature. For example, if your song has a C-sharp and C is normally natural in that song's original key, the accidental has moved the note a half-step. Find that note on your transposed song and move it up a half-step as well, marking the accidental accordingly. If you've transposed the song correctly, when it is played on the transposing instrument it will sound exactly the same as when it is played on a different instrument.", "You can transpose chords to a song without necessarily being able to read sheet music. This method is ideal if you want to make a song easier to play on another instrument, such as a guitar. This method also works if you want to move a song up or down to better accommodate a vocalist. Look at the original key the song is in. The number of half-steps between the original key and the key you want the song to be in is your interval. You'll need to move all of the chords in the song that same interval up or down. For example, if your original song is in C and you want to transpose it to E, you'll need to move every chord in the song up four half-steps. The chromatic circle shows the relationship between all the chords. Move along the circle the appropriate number of half-steps clockwise if you're moving the chords up, or counter-clockwise if you're moving the chords down. You also could use a transposition table, which tells you exactly what chords to use. You may be able to get one at a music store, or you can search for one online. Once you've finished moving all the chords up or down to transpose the song, play it through once on your piano. If you're ultimately going to play the song on a guitar or another instrument, you may want to play it through on that instrument as well to make sure it sounds okay. Even though it will be in a different key, the song should sound essentially the same. If anything sounds off, you may have transposed a chord incorrectly." ], "summary": [ "Identify the vocalist's range. Find your interval. Write your new key signature. Move the notes into the new key. Adjust the accidentals. Play the transposed song.", "Determine the reason to transpose the music. Identify the instrument's key. Move the notes up or down. Find the new key for the song. Fix your accidentals. Listen to the song played on the transposing instrument.", "Find your target key. Figure out the interval. Use a chromatic circle. Play the transposed song." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Choosing a Way to Elope", "Making the Marriage Legal", "Deciding on the Details" ], "document": [ "The Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority's website lists 49 licensed wedding chapels. You look up “weddings” in the Las Vegas phone book or do your own online search. While you can always find someplace to get married at a moment's notice, you should reserve a date and time if you have want to elope at a specific site, since that Garden Gazebo Chapel you want may be booked way in advance. Some chapels are more traditional and others are more fun. For example, at some chapels, you can be married by an Elvis or Marilyn Monroe impersonator. Eloping in Las Vegas is usually all about the chapels, but going to the courthouse is also an option. If the courthouse is busy, you can try city hall. The marriage will still be legal. Maybe there’s a pretty spot in Las Vegas where you and your partner could imagine saying “I do.” Hiring or asking someone to officiate the wedding is another option outside of a chapel or courthouse. Some wedding venues around the city may have an elopement package. Many wedding venues in Las Vegas will have an elopement package that comes with a wedding planner, limo transportation, flowers, hotel accommodation, etc. Call a venue to see if an elopement package is available. Eloping doesn’t usually involve planning, but some planning can happen if you want to involve friends and family. Choose a date and location within Vegas for the nuptials. You don’t have to send out invitations. You and your partner can simply give your friends and family a call and ask if they can be there.", "Consider your decision to elope and make sure that you are doing it for the right reasons. There are plenty of people who elope in Las Vegas in the heat of the moment, but you might regret your decision if you don't consider it carefully. Keep in mind that your family and friends might be hurt by your elopement if they were expecting a wedding. You might feel ready at the age of 17, but Nevada law requires that each person be at least 18 years old to get married. There some special circumstances that allow minors to get married. In most cases, however, you need to be 18. You can marry at the age of 16 in Nevada with a parent’s consent. You will need to get a Las Vegas Marriage License. Obtaining a marriage license is particularly easy in Nevada. You and your partner must bring proof of identity with you. You can download and print the marriage license application from the Clark County Marriage Bureau's website, but you must bring it to their office in person. The office is open from 8AM to midnight daily, including weekends and holidays. Keep in mind that you may have to wait an hour or more on busy holidays. The proof of identity can be a passport, driver’s license, or social security card. Many chapels in Las Vegas will have someone there that is authorized to officiate the wedding. If you’re eloping in a chapel, a clergyperson or court clerk is allowed to officiate the wedding. Keep in mind that on holidays, like Valentine’s Day, many people will be eloping and you may have to find someone in the private sector to do the job. Residents of a country other than the U.S. can get married in Las Vegas, and the procedures and fees would be the same. Marriages performed in Nevada are recognized worldwide, but your home country may require a special document called an apostille to finalize your marriage. Apostilles are issued by the Nevada Secretary of State.", "Unless you live in Las Vegas, traveling will be necessary. Think about these plans ahead of time if possible. Decide if you will go by car, plane, or bus. This is a special day, so treat yourselves if possible! If you have the means to treat yourselves, purchase first class tickets and enjoy a glass of champagne or other beverage during the flight. The ceremonies are typically pretty short when you elope, so long vows won’t be necessary. Still, you should discuss what vows you’d like with your partner. You can go with traditional vows or write them on your own. First, check to see if the venue has a dress code. If not, dress however you’d like. This is your and your partner’s day, so don’t let tradition get in the way if that’s not what you want. You can dress “traditionally” for your wedding or choose a theme. For example, you can dress as superheroes or dress in a Western theme. You can go as casual as a pair of pants and a T-shirt or choose to wear a wedding dress or tuxedo. You should also think about how you would like your hair and makeup to be. Would you like a simple updo, a curly style, or sleek and straight hair? For shorter and more masculine styles, consider if you’d like your hair combed back or styled with gel for volume. If you wear makeup, consider if you’d want natural makeup, like nude lipstick and light blush. Or, consider more dramatic makeup, like false eyelashes and red lipstick. You can also go as you are without planning. You don’t absolutely have to exchange rings, but it is something you should consider before the ceremony. Talk about it with your partner and make a decision together. If you decide to exchange rings, obtain them before eloping. The ceremony may be a spur of the moment decision, but that doesn’t mean you won’t want the memories to last a lifetime. Many chapels will have a wedding photographer available that can be rented by the hour. If a family or friend is present, ask them to take photos if a photographer isn’t an option." ], "summary": [ "Head to a chapel. Go to a courthouse if you don’t want to elope in a chapel. Get an officiant if you want to marry in a specific spot. Plan ahead of time.", "Think the elopement through. Make sure you’re old enough to elope. Obtain a marriage license. Find someone to solemnize your wedding. See if your home country requires an apostille.", "Make travel plans if necessary. Keep your vows short. Plan how you will dress. Choose your hair. Think about your makeup. Decide on rings. Get a photographer." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Evaluating a Listing", "Interacting with Craigslist Users", "Protecting Yourself from Scams" ], "document": [ "When evaluating any offer, follow the general advice that if the deal seems too good to be true, it probably is. While you can certainly find good deals on Craigslist, common sense can help you distinguish the truly good deals from the scams. Read the listing carefully. If the person gives a reason why they are selling the item for the amount, put yourself in that position and imagine what you would do. You can pretty quickly spot a scam this way. For example, suppose someone is selling a relatively new car for an extremely low price. They claim this is because they were awarded the car in their divorce and have no use for it. However, if you were in that position, you probably would still want to get as much as you could for the car. Since the person's divorce is supposedly finalized, the sale of the car would not affect it. Many scammers are not native English speakers, so their listings will be riddled with errors. The occasional typo or error is to be expected since these listings are created by members of the general public, not professionals (in most cases). However, a significant number of grammatical errors and basic spelling errors is suspect. This is especially important if you're looking at job listings. Someone who wants you to work for their business would typically be more careful and polished about their listing than someone who was selling an old piece of furniture or a few boxes of clothes. Keep in mind that there are plenty of people living in the US and Canada who are not native English speakers and may post a legitimate listing on Craigslist. If the post contains a lot of errors but seems legit, consider sending the person a message and mentioning the errors or asking if English is their first language. Scammers often place the same listing on the Craigslist sites for multiple cities. If you're suspicious of a listing, go to the Craigslist for a few other cities and search for the same title or wording. This is particularly common with real estate and rental scams. For example, a scammer may list a 3-bedroom, 2.5 bath house for rent at half the market rate for such a dwelling in your area. You may see the same house listed for rent in multiple other cities. Look for this tactic to be combined with a scarcity tactic. The listing may imply that supplies of a particular item are limited, but the person may have posted a duplicate listing in a dozen different places. Because Craigslist is designed to be a local marketplace, you should have the opportunity to see the thing being sold or leased in person before you commit. If the person is unwilling to let you see it before you give them money for it, you're likely dealing with a scammer. If the person cannot meet with you or wants to get a third person to meet with you, this could be evidence of a scam. If the person is not available at a particular time, try to work out a time when both of you are available. If the person lives further away or claims to be out of town temporarily, this can also be evidence of a scam. If they weren't in your area, they shouldn't have posted a listing on your local Craigslist until they returned. Craigslist scammers, like other scammers, often pressure you to make a decision quickly. They may imply that they are in some sort of emergency and need to complete the exchange quickly. They will often try to appeal to your compassion and empathy to get you to complete the exchange without looking too closely. For example, a scammer might claim that they've had a recent death in their family and need to complete the transaction as soon as possible. Or, they may have another person contact you and claim the original person had an accident and is in the hospital and they need to take over the transaction instead. Tell the person that you need a few days to decide whether to go through with the transaction. Do an online search using any of the details you know to see if there are any complaints about the person or if the listing has been used before. These are signs that the listing is a scam.", "When you respond to a listing or someone responds to a listing you posted, find out if they are local. If you live in a town surrounded by rural areas, there may be people who live some distance from you. However, for the most part, the people selling things on Craigslist should be local to you. If the person lives in another state or another country, consider this a red flag. Craigslist is designed to facilitate local exchanges, not long-distance ones. Even if the person is local, if they insist on doing the transaction over the internet, that is another red flag. Be wary of people who are willing to buy an item sight-unseen, or who want you to buy the item sight-unseen. If you post a listing, many of the first responses you get will typically be from scammers. Look for generic language in response, such as \"the item\" instead of naming the item you listed for sale. Also be on the lookout for overly flowery or formal language. This typically indicates that the person is not a native speaker of English. While that in and of itself is not necessarily a sign of a scam, being overly formal typically indicates that they're trying to butter you up and win your trust. Some scammers will also send messages that seem overly familiar, even though you've never interacted with them before. They may seem desperate, as though your listing is a lifesaver for them, or they may share overly personal details about themselves, their family, or their situation. Craigslist is meant to be a medium to facilitate an in-person exchange between local people. This sets the site apart from platforms such as Etsy or eBay, where you typically complete the exchange online. If the person isn't willing to meet you in person, they're likely trying to scam you. The person may have a good excuse as to why they can't meet you in person. They may claim that they've been scammed before and want to be extra cautious, or that they had some other bad experience with a Craigslist exchange. However, if their method of caution puts you at the disadvantage, they're probably trying to scam you rather than protect themselves. If they're buying something from you that you listed, they should want to see it in person before they commit to buying it. Most people would, especially if the transaction involves a larger sum of money. If they insist that they'd rather just send you payment and get the item sight-unseen, they're probably trying to scam you. Some scammers will insist that you need to work through someone else to complete the transaction. It may be a friend or relative of theirs or it may be a totally different company or website. they may claim that they want to use this third party for the protection of both of you. If the person wants to bring someone along with them when you make an exchange, that's different from wanting someone else to complete the transaction on their behalf. It's not necessarily suspicious if the person simply wants to bring someone along for their own comfort and safety. The person may send you a link to a different website to complete the transaction. Don't click on this link – it may be a way to get personal information about you that the scammer can use to steal your identity.", "Craigslist is intended as a platform to facilitate local exchanges, similar to classified ads in a local newspaper. If someone doesn't live near to you, they're likely a scammer. This applies whether you're looking at a listing or getting responses from a listing you made. If you live in a predominantly rural area, people may simply be listing or responding to listings for the closest Craigslist to them. However, they should still be willing to meet you locally. If you don't want to travel a potentially long distance, choose to leave out surrounding areas from your searches. If you're handling a large transaction, some buyers and sellers may feel more comfortable using a guaranteed or insured payment or escrow service. However, if they give you a service to use, it may be a scam. Protect yourself by researching the service before you commit to using it or by offering a service yourself that you know is legitimate. You can find local payment or escrow services with a basic internet search. Simply enter the name of your city or town in your favorite search engine followed by the words \"escrow service\" or \"craigslist payment service.\" Craigslist is simply a forum – it does not guarantee any exchanges or provide any insurance or protection. If someone offers this sort of thing, it's a scam. Most likely, they send you to a site that will use your information to steal your identity. Some sellers may request information from you claiming they are going to issue an invoice through PayPal or set up a private eBay listing. These also are likely scams. They may attempt to steal your identity or simply run off with your money without delivering the item. These services don't provide any additional protection for a seller who is worried about getting paid. Often a seller will insist that you use another service to pay them before they send you the item you've purchased. If you give the person money before you get the item, you will likely never get the item. Many people try to sell extra tickets for concerts or sporting events on Craigslist. You might even find airplane tickets for sale. While these may seem like a bargain, they are often fake or voided tickets that you won't be able to use. Use a site such as StubHub or Ticketmaster for second-hand tickets, or buy your tickets directly from the venue. Airplane tickets are issued in the name of an individual who must show their government-issued photo ID or passport to board the plane. If you see airplane tickets on Craigslist, they are practically guaranteed to be fake. Airline vouchers and similar guarantees also typically can only be used by the person whose name they were issued in. For a standard Craigslist transaction, you meet the person in a public place. They hand you payment for the item you're selling and you hand them the item in return. Generally, it's best to deal in cash rather than having them write you a check. Even cashier's checks and money orders may be forged. While your bank may cash the forged instrument, they will hold you liable if it turns out to be forged. If the person insists on a cashier's check, meet them at their bank to verify that the cashier's check was issued by the bank teller and is legitimate. If you're selling a car, boat, land, or other titled property, do not transfer the title over to the person's name until you have money from them. If the person wants to make payments, write up a contract and do not transfer the title to them until you are paid in full. Some scam sellers will ask you for a down payment or deposit before they meet with you. They might say that they want to make sure your serious or complain that they've already met with several people who ended up not buying the item. If you give them bank or credit card information, they'll likely use it to steal your identity or take more money. Some scam landlords renting bogus apartments will ask for part of the deposit upfront or send you to another site to pay a fee for a credit or background check. Legitimate landlords often do credit and background checks, but they don't charge you a fee for it (in some places it's actually illegal for them to do so). A scammer will often tell you that they're just trying to save some time or make the transaction easier to process. However, there's nothing difficult about the usual way of conducting business. Insist that you want to see the property before you provide any information about yourself or pay them any money." ], "summary": [ "Consider whether the deal seems too good to be true. Take note of excessive errors in grammar and spelling. Look for duplicate listings in other places. Check out the item or property offered in person before you buy it. Take your time to decide on an exchange.", "Figure out where the person is located. Analyze the information provided when you get a response to your listing. Find out if the person is willing to meet in person. Deal only with the buyer or seller directly rather than a third party.", "Avoid listings posted by people who aren't local. Choose payment or escrow services yourself. Decline Craigslist Purchase Protection or anything similar. Buy event or airplane tickets only from reputable sites. Meet people in person to complete your exchange. Keep personal information private until you've met in person." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Treating DVT With Drugs", "Detecting DVT", "Considering Alternatives to Medicine" ], "document": [ "Heparin is an anticoagulant. That is, it is a drug that thins the blood in order to loosen and reduce the clot. To receive heparin, go to your doctor. They will inject heparin directly with a shot, or connect an IV to your vein in order. After getting heparin, you’ll need to be monitored closely. Your doctor will take a blood test (the activated partial thromboplastin time, or a PTT test) each day to ensure you’re getting the correct amount of heparin relative to the results of your blood test. Heparin itself is inexpensive and fast acting, but you'll need to stay in a hospital for anywhere from three to 10 days with this option depending on your situation, which can make it quite expensive. Heparin is also preferred as a first treatment because it is easy to start and stop if there are complications. LMWHs are similar to regular heparins in basically all aspects except two. First, unlike regular heparins, LMWHs are approved for home use. And secondly, you won’t need to be monitored as closely when using LMWHs. This means that using LMWHs can save you a lengthy hospital stay. LMWHs are a bit more expensive than regular heparins, but are more cost-effective in the long term since you will not have to spend time in the hospital or pay for related medical costs. Common LMWHs include dalteparin, enoxaparin, and tinzaparin. The dosage for these medications varies by weight and if it's for treatment or prevention of clot. These are often used before and immediately after surgery to prevent clots, such as for orthopedic surgery. There are some other medications available that you can discuss with your doctor. The newest pill anticoagulants include rivaroxaban, apixaban, and dabigatran etexilate. These drugs don't have the same monitoring requirements as warfarin, or as many food/drug interactions. However, if you have a bleeding complication, not all of the available medications have a reversal agent. Clotbusters are used for more serious cases of DVT. The most common type of clotbusters are thrombolytics (also known as tissue plasminogen activators, or TPAs). While anticoagulants can prevent future clots, they don’t actually break up existing clots brought on by DVT. TPAs, on other hand, can break up existing clots. However, clotbusters can be dangerous since they might cause serious bleeding. The medications are delivered intravenously by a medical professional. Each treatment method has its own side effects. Side effects of heparin include headaches, rashes, flu-like symptoms, and indigestion. Osteoporosis might occur, especially in pregnant women. LMWHs have the same side effects, though likelihood of osteoporosis is much lower. Side effects of warfarins include rashes, headaches, hair loss, bleeding, and elevated liver enzymes. More serious – but less common – side effects from warfarins include skin necrosis (dying skin tissue), purple toe syndrome (a condition in which your toes might turn blue or purple due to abnormal blood flow), and extreme bleeding. If you have trouble staunching the flow of blood from cuts and scrapes, or experience heavy menstrual bleeding, you should inform your doctor. Immediately report these or any other unusual health developments to your doctor immediately. Your doctor might reduce your prescription or prescribe another treatment method entirely if you react badly to a given treatment.", "Anyone can get a DVT, but some people are at a higher risk than others. People at a higher risk of DVT include those who are: Hospitalized or who have recently had surgery. Immobile. Elderly. Overweight or obese. Have a family history of blood clots. Have had recent or recurring cancer. Are pregnant or recently had a baby. Taking hormonal birth control or hormone replacement medication. Have recently been injured. An ultrasound (or ultrasonography) is an imaging technique that uses sound waves to examine how blood flows through your veins. Ultrasounds are the most common tests used to diagnose DVT. This non-invasive test can provide your doctor with real-time images of the inner workings of your veins and organs, which can help determine the severity of your DVT and provide a potential course of treatment. Your doctor might suggest a related technique, a duplex ultrasonography (or duplex ultrasounds). Duplex ultrasonography is similar to the regular ultrasound, but it monitors movement of blood and other internal objects and fluids. Duplex ultrasounds can provide more accurate information about the speed and flow of blood. Your doctor will help you schedule an appointment with a sonographer in a vascular laboratory if they believe you should get this test, usually at a large hospital with the necessary sonography equipment. During the test, a technician will simply apply a thin layer of gel to your legs and/or feet, then wave an ultrasound wand over them. You might also need to wear a blood pressure cuff. The D-dimer test examines a blood sample for small pieces of clotted blood that may have broken off. If your physician detects a large number of these clot fragments, there’s a greater likelihood that you have DVT. Contrast venography involves getting a dye injected into a large vein in the foot or ankle, then taking an X-ray or series of X-rays over time. The X-rays will reveal how your veins are transmitting the blood throughout the body. If there are any clots, they will appear on the X-rays as areas where the dye is concentrated.", "Filters are an appropriate treatment for DVT when you cannot use blood thinners. The filter itself is a soft mesh device that allows the passage of blood but traps blood clots. The filter is inserted into a large abdominal vein (the vena cava) and prevents clots that might break up from making their way to your lungs. Filter installation sounds extensive but actually occurs while you’re awake. Your doctor will apply a numbing agent on the stomach, then cut through to the vena cava, using an ultrasound to guide a catheter to the precise location. Finally, the filter will be snaked through the catheter and expand to filter the vein. There is no need to have the filter cleaned or attended to. Over time, your body’s own anticoagulants will disintegrate trapped blood clots. Some filters are removable, but most are permanent. Even the removable filters are usually kept in the vein if your likelihood of developing DVT again remains high. Your doctor will help you decide whether you need a permanent or a removable filter. Compression stockings are specialized apparel that keep the legs and feet from swelling. Compression stockings can prevent swelling of the legs and feet that is so often a consequence of DVT. They can also reduce the likelihood of future clots by increasing the pressure in your legs. To use compression stockings, simply slip them over your foot and up your leg just as you might with knee-high socks or stockings. Compression stockings are usually worn during the day for two or three years. If your DVT persists, you might need to wear compression stockings for an even longer time. Get regular exercise. Aim for 30-60 minutes of cardio exercise each day. Biking, walking, and running are all examples of cardiovascular exercise that could help you correct or reduce the likelihood of worsening your DVT. Try to take the stairs instead of the elevator. In addition: Get up frequently if you have a desk job. Take a quick walk around the office in order to prevent clots from forming in your legs. See a doctor regularly. Your doctor will be able to provide specialized recommendations based on your particular medical history and background that could help you prevent and recover from DVT. Sleep with your legs raised slightly. If you sleep with your feet elevated even a few inches above the level of your hip when lying down, your blood will more easily return from the legs and back to your body. Prop your legs up by placing a pillow beneath your feet." ], "summary": [ "Try heparin. Take low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs). Ask your doctor about other medications. Try a clotbuster. Look out for any side effects.", "Consider your risk factors. Get an ultrasound. Try a D-dimer blood test. Have a contrast venography test.", "Have a filter installed. Use a compression stocking. Adopt lifestyle changes." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Revising Your Report", "Writing the First Draft", "Researching the Report", "Selecting Your Topic" ], "document": [ "Read the report from beginning to end, trying to imagine that you’re a reader that has never heard this information before. Pay attention to whether the report is easy to follow, and whether the point you’re making comes across clearly. Also, look for whether your evidence supports your thesis. A good question to ask yourself is, “If I were someone reading this report for the first time, would I feel like I understood the topic after I finished reading? No matter how good your information is, your report will seem amateur and messy if it’s full of spelling, grammar, or punctuation errors. Writing your report in a word processor with a built-in spell checker can help you catch mistakes as you're writing, but there’s no substitution for thorough proofreading. Try reading the report to yourself out loud. Hearing the words can help you catch awkward language or run-on sentences you might not catch by reading it silently. No matter how carefully you think you’ve read through your report, sometimes you can accidentally skim over text that you’ve already read several times. After you’ve finished proofreading your report, try reading it again, but this time, read it backward. Start with the last sentence of the report, then the one before that, and so on. This is a great trick to find spelling errors or grammatical mistakes that your eye would otherwise just scan over. Having a second pair of eyes can be helpful when you’re proofreading, especially after you’ve already read the report several times. If you can find someone willing to proofread the report for you, ask them to point out any spelling mistakes, grammatical errors, and awkward language, as well as whether your point is clear. Ask your helper questions like, “Do you understand what I am saying in my report?” “Is there anything you think I should take out or add?” And “Is there anything you would change?” All of your hard work deserves to be rewarded, so don't risk losing points because you didn't do the assignment correctly. Go through the assignment checklist or rubric to make sure your paper meets the requirements for full credit. If you have any questions about the assignment requirements, ask your instructor. It's important to know how they'll be grading your assignment.", "It can be helpful to format the font, margins, and spacing of your report before you start writing it, rather than trying to go through and set it all up at the end. Then, as you’re writing out paragraphs, go ahead and put in a citation every time you include information from one of your sources. That way, you don’t forget to do it after you’re finished. Try to follow any formatting instructions to the letter. If there aren't any, opt for something classic, like 12-point Times New Roman or Arial font, double-spaced lines, and 1 in (2.5 cm) margins all around. You'll usually need to include a bibliography at the end of the report that lists any sources you used. You may also need a title page, which should include the title of the report, your name, the date, and the person who requested the report. For some types of reports, you may also need to include a table of contents and an abstract or summary that briefly sums up what you’ve written. It’s typically easier to write these after you’ve finished your first draft. Your intro is where you introduce your topic and state your thesis. Your introductory paragraph should be engaging, since you want the reader to be interested in reading the rest of your report. You should provide some background information on your topic, then state your thesis so that the reader knows what the report is going to be about. Example Intro for Thesis 1: “The Panama-Pacific International Exposition (PPIE) of 1915 was intended to celebrate both the creation of the Panama Canal, and the technological advancements achieved at the turn of the century. The three main halls of the PPIE were filled with modern creations of the day and were an excellent representation of the innovative spirit of the Progressive era.” The body paragraphs are where you state the evidence that supports your thesis. Each body paragraph consists of a topic sentence and evidence supporting the topic sentence. The topic sentence introduces the main idea of the body paragraph and links the paragraph back to the thesis. Typically, you should present the most important or compelling information first. Example topic sentence for Thesis 1: At the PPIE, the Court of the Universe was the heart of the exposition and represented the greatest achievements of man, as well as the meeting of the East and the West. After you write your topic sentence in the body paragraph, provide evidence found in your research that supports your topic sentence. Incorporate this research using a mixture of paraphrases and direct quotes. By linking the text of each body paragraph to the topic sentence, you’ll keep your report well-organized, and it will flow better. Paraphrasing means restating the original author's ideas in your own words. On the other hand, a direct quote means using the exact words from the original source in quotation marks, with the author cited. For the topic sentence listed above about the Court of the Universe, the body paragraph should go on to list the different exhibits found at the exhibit, as well as proving how the Court represented the meeting of the East and West. Use your sources to support your topic, but don't plagiarize. Always restate the information in your own words. In most cases, you'll get in serious trouble if you just copy from your sources word-for-word. Also, be sure to cite each source as you use it, according to the formatting guidelines you were given. Commentary is your own ideas about your topic and the evidence. Analyze the evidence to explain how it supports the ideas presented in your topic sentence, then clearly link it back to your thesis. This helps the reader follow your train of thought, which makes your argument stronger. Your commentary needs to be at least 1-2 sentences long. For a longer report, you may write more sentences for each piece of commentary. This paragraph both summarizes your thesis again and provides your final thoughts on your topic. It should reiterate to the reader what they should be taking away from your report, and should reinforce the significance of the information you’ve presented. Avoid presenting any new information in the conclusion. You don’t want this to be a “Gotcha!” moment. Instead, it should be a strong summary of everything you’ve already told the reader.", "If the report guidelines give you a number of sources to use, or a limit on how many of a specific type of source you can use, be sure to follow those guidelines carefully. No matter how good your writing is, if you don’t source your report properly, you won’t get good feedback. Any sources you need should be authoritative, like books, newspapers, or scholarly articles written on the subject. If you don’t have guidelines on how many sources to use, try to find 1-2 reputable sources for each page of the report. Sources can be divided into primary sources, like original written works, court records, and interviews, and secondary sources, like reference books and reviews. Databases, abstracts, and indexes are considered tertiary sources, and can be used to help you find primary and secondary sources for your report. If you’re writing a business report, you may be given some supplementary materials, such as market research or sales reports, or you may need to compile this information yourself. Even if you’re allowed to use online sources, the best place to start doing research is the library. Visit your school’s library, a public library in your area, or even a nearby college or university library when you’re getting ready to start your report. Search the library’s database to gain access to books, scholarly journals, periodicals, and other sources that might not be available online. Librarians are an excellent resource when you're working on a report. They can help you find books, articles, and other credible sources. Often, a teacher will limit how many online sources you can use. If you find most of the information you need in the library, you can then use your online sources for details that you couldn’t find anywhere else. Since anyone can write something and put it online, it can be hard sometimes to sift through all of the material on the internet to find authoritative sources. To ensure you’re getting high-level sources, start by using an academic search engine, like Google Scholar, Lexis Nexis, or your school’s recommended search engine, which may require a username and password. Examples of authoritative online sources include government websites, articles written by known experts, and publications in peer-reviewed journals that have been published online. Often, if you come across an article on the subject you’re researching, you can use the sources that the author used to help you with your own report. For instance, if you’re reading an article that mentions a previous publication on the same subject, see if you can find that one as well. You might find some new information that will help you have a better understanding of your subject. If you’re using a book as one of your sources, check the very back few pages. That’s often where an author will list the sources they used for their book. If you find something helpful in a book, article, or another source, write down everything you might want to remember for your report. Then, write down all of the information you can find on the source, including the author, the date of the publication, the page number, and the publisher. This will help you easily create your bibliography later, since the citation information will be listed right in your notes. Remember to number each page of your notes, so you don’t get confused later about what information came from which source! Remember, you’ll need to cite any information that you use in your report; however, exactly how you do this will depend on the format that was assigned to you. As you’re researching your paper, you should notice a main theme emerging in your notes. Use this theme to write a strong thesis statement for your report. Your thesis statement should summarize what you want to prove in your report for your reader, and all of the body paragraphs should tie back to this idea. For most reports, your thesis statement should not contain your own opinions. However, if you're writing a persuasive report, the thesis should contain an argument that you will have to prove in the body of the essay. An example of a straightforward report thesis (Thesis 1) would be: “The three main halls of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition were filled with modern creations of the day and were an excellent representation of the innovative spirit of the Progressive era.” A thesis for a persuasive report (Thesis 2) might say: “The Panama-Pacific International Exposition was intended as a celebration of the Progressive spirit, but actually harbored a deep racism and principle of white supremacy that most visitors chose to ignore or celebrate.” Once you’ve decided on the thesis statement for your report, it’s time to start organizing your notes into the main structure you’ll use for your report. Begin with your thesis statement, then pick 3 or 4 major ideas related to your thesis statement that you will want to cover in your essay. Write down details from your notes that support each of those main ideas. The purpose of an outline is to help you to visualize how your essay will look. You can create a straightforward list or make a concept map, depending on what makes the most sense to you. Try to organize the information from your notes so it flows together logically. For instance, it can be helpful to try to group together related items, like important events from a person’s childhood, education, and career, if you’re writing a biographical report. Example main ideas for Thesis 1: Exhibits at the Court of the Universe, Exhibits at the Court of the Four Seasons, Exhibits at the Court of Abundance.", "If your teacher, professor, or boss gave you guidelines for your report, make sure you read them thoroughly to make sure you understand the assignment. Generally, the prompt will give you information such as whether your report should be informative or persuasive, who your audience should be, and any issues your report should address. The guidelines will also typically tell you the requirements for the structure and format of your report. If you have any questions about the assignment, speak up as soon as possible. That way, you don’t start working on the report, only to find out you have to start over because you misunderstood the report prompt. Typically, you’ll have some leeway in what your report will be on. If you pick a subject you’re interested in, you’ll be more engaged during the research and the writing process. This often results in a report that’s more fun to read, so you’ll likely get better feedback or a higher grade. For instance, if your report is supposed to be on a historical figure, you might choose someone you find really interesting, like the first woman to be governor of a state in the U.S., or the man who invented Silly Putty. Even if you don’t have the option to choose your topic, you can often find something in your research that you find interesting. If your assignment is to give a report on the historical events of the 1960s in America, for example, you could focus your report on the way popular music reflected the events that occurred during that time. If you write about too broad of a topic, your report will seem disorganized, since you’ll be trying to cover too much information all at once. On the other hand, your topic shouldn’t be so narrow that you can’t find anything to write about. Try to find one aspect of the topic that has a lot of supporting details. If you’re not sure what to write about at first, pick a larger topic, then narrow it down as you start researching. For instance, if you wanted to do your report on World Fairs, then you realize that there are way too many of them to talk about, you might choose one specific world fair, such as the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, to focus on. However, you wouldn’t necessarily want to narrow it down to something too specific, like “Food at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition,” since it could be hard to find sources on the subject without just listing a lot of recipes." ], "summary": [ "Scan the report to make sure everything is included and makes sense. Check carefully for proofreading errors. Read each sentence from the end to the beginning. Have someone else proofread it for you. Compare your report to the assignment requirements to ensure it meets expectations.", "Format the report according to the guidelines you were given. State your thesis in the introduction. Start each paragraph in the body of the report with a topic sentence. Support each topic sentence with evidence from your research. Follow your evidence with commentary explaining why it links to your thesis. Summarize your research in the conclusion paragraph.", "Include a variety of reputable sources in your paper. Visit the library first if you’re writing a report for school. Use only scholarly sources if you do online research. Cross-reference your sources to find new material. Keep thorough notes as you research, including citation information. Use your research to help you craft a thesis statement. Organize your notes into an outline.", "Read the report prompt or guidelines carefully. Choose a topic you find interesting. Try to pick a topic that is as specific as possible." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Being Nice to Your Sister", "Making an Effort to Relate to Your Sister", "Talking to Your Sister", "Giving Your Sister Space" ], "document": [ "It's important to treat others how you want to be treated. If it hurts you when your sister is mean to you, why would you want to cause her that same pain by being mean to her? Being a kind little sister or brother is the first step in getting your older sister to be nice to you. Avoid interacting with her when you're feeling angry. If you're in a bad mood, you're bound to take it out on her. Being mean to her will only make her be mean to you. Although you are younger, that doesn't mean you have to be immature. Even if your sister is being mean to you, that doesn't make it right for you to be mean back. Instead of fighting back when your sister starts an argument, it's best for you to just walk away. Pick your battles. If your sister tries to start a fight, think about the importance of this fight before you engage. Do you really care about winning this argument? Does the outcome matter to you? Don't waste your time and effort arguing over something stupid. Doing things like helping your sister with her chores or offering to help her practice her sport or hobby are great ways to show your sister that you're making an effort to improve your relationship. Hopefully your sister will realize that you are trying to be kind and will, in turn, try to be kind to you. Don't do all of your sisters chores and don't let her take advantage of you. It's best to help with tasks that can benefit from two people. For example, washing and drying dishes. If your sister is in a school play, offer to run lines with her. Or if she plays soccer, offer to practice with her. Since you and your sister are completely different people, you're most likely good at different things. Maybe you're skilled at basketball and your sister is an aspiring actress. Maybe you get great grades and your sister is captain of her volleyball team. Whatever your differences are, embrace them instead of comparing them. For example, don't rub it in your sister's face whenever you get a good grade. Your sister may be self conscious about getting lower grades than you, so don't make her feel bad. Celebrate your sister accomplishments instead of belittling them. If your sister had a great volleyball game, congratulate her instead of being jealous.", "Your older sister may push you away because you are younger. However, showing her that the two of you have common interests may prove to her that your age difference isn't such a big deal. Try to find certain activities, movies, music, or hobbies that you and your sister both enjoy. If your sister starts to enjoy spending time with you, she'll most likely start being nicer to you. For example, when your sister isn't busy, ask her if she wants to kick a soccer ball around the backyard or watch music videos on YouTube. Try watching a weekly TV show together. This will give the two of you some designed sister time while watching a show that you both enjoy. If you both enjoy baking, try baking brownies or cupcakes together. If your sister sees that you are making an effort to learn about her interests, she may begin to gain respect for you. You can show your sister that you're interested in their life by asking inquisitive questions, giving encouragement, and acknowledging things that are important to them. If your sister has a new favorite album, ask her what some of her favorite songs are. Or ask your sister how her day was at school. Encourage your sister when she seems sad by saying \"I don't know why you're feeling down, but I know you can get through it!\" Or give her some encouragement if she'd feeling nervous about something (let's pretend it's sports) by saying \"I know you're nervous about the big game, but I know you'll do great!\" Siblings usually have many differences, even if they've grown up in the same household. Dealing with the differences of age, gender, personality, talents, or interests will help you learn to better relate to others. Instead of hating your differences, learn from them. Finding out what sister cares about most may help you view things differently. Get your sister to appreciate your differences by showing her that you respect her differences. It might take awhile, but your sister will eventually learn to appreciate you for who you are.", "Even though she is really hurting your feelings, your sister may think that she is just joking or playing around with you. It's important that you tell her how her actions are making you feel. Make sure she knows that you are serious and not joking around with her. Be inviting and relaxed when you approach your sister to talk. When you want to talk with your sister, say \"I would really appreciate it if we could talk for a few minutes.\" Tell her how she hurts you and why those actions you feel so bad. Say to your sister \"It really hurts my feelings when you ______. It hurts my feelings because _____.\" Big sisters are easily annoyed with younger siblings, so ask your sister if there is something you are doing that is causing your sister to be mean to you. Then, figure out how to fix your actions. Say to your sister \"I really want to improve our relationship. Have I done anything to upset or annoy you?\" Once she gives you an answer, ask what you can do to be a better sister. Say \"What can I do to be a better sibling to you? I really want us to stop fighting so much.\" Even though serious conversations are necessary to resolve conflict, bonding over fun and casual conversations is important too. Compliment her on her shoes, tell her that you like the posters she has hung up in her room, ask her about the boy/girl she likes at school. Have a fun conversation with your sister to help you two bond. Be sure to let your sister know that you enjoy spending time with her and that you'd like to do it more often. Big sisters typically like to give advice. If you ask her for advice about fun things like fashion, love, or music, she'll enjoy talking with you.", "Sharing a room, or even living under the same roof, as your siblings can be aggravating. It's important that you each get a couple hours a day to yourself. If need be, spend some additional time doing homework at a friend's house or at the library to allow you and your sister to some space from one another. Everyone needs their own space, their own friends, and their own life. Let your sister enjoy her personal time without bothering her. If she sees that you're giving her space, she'll be more inclined to spend time with you when she doesn't have company over. Younger siblings often annoy big sisters and their friends. Don't be that kind of younger sibling! Only hang out with your sister and her friends if they invite you. If you don't annoy them by bothering them all the time, they may start inviting you to hang out with them all of the time It's important that you have your own friends as well. Think about how you would feel if you were constantly bothered by your sister while you're with your friends. Treat her how you would like to be treated. It's often said that space allows the heart to grow fonder – this reigns true with siblings as well! Allow her to miss you, all her to want to spend time with you. Even if your big sister doesn't know it, she will miss you if you're not around all time. If your sister approaches you, it will most likely be in a positive way. Wait for her to initiate an interaction instead of always approaching her first. You deserve to have your own life, so enjoy it! Have your own friends and your own hobbies, as this will prove to your sister that you are an individual, not just her annoying little sister." ], "summary": [ "Be kind to your sister. Be the mature sibling. Do nice things for your sister. Avoid sibling rivalry.", "Find common ground between you and your sister. Learn about the things that your sister is interested in. Appreciate your differences.", "Tell your sister how her actions are making you feel. Ask your sister if something you're doing is causing her to be mean to you. Have a fun conversation to bond with your sister.", "Create some space between you and your sister. Don't bother your sister when she has friends or her boyfriend/girlfriend over. Let your sister approach you." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using the Device Manager", "Using the Registry Editor" ], "document": [ "You can access the Device Manager from the Control Panel. It will be located in the System and Security section if you are using Category View. In your Device Manager, you will see a list of all of the hardware installed on your computer. These are sorted into categories. Expand the Network Adapters section to see all of your installed network adapters. If you are not sure which adapter you are using, see Step 1 of the second method to find your device's Description. Select Properties from the menu to open the network adapter's Properties window. Look for the \"Network Address\" or \"Locally Administered Address\" entry. Highlight it and you will see a \"Value\" field on the right. Click the radio button to enable the \"Value\" field. Not all adapters can be changed this way. If you can't find either of these entries, you will need to use one of the other methods in this article. MAC addresses are 12-digit values, and should be entered without any dashes or colons. For example, if you want to make the MAC address \"2A:1B:4C:3D:6E:5F\", you would enter \"2A1B4C3D6E5F\". You can also disable and re-enable your adapter within Windows for the change to become effective without rebooting. Just sliding the Wi-Fi's On/Off switch like the slider found on ThinkPads and VaiOs won't satisfactorily disable/re-enable the card. Once you've rebooted the computer, open the Command Prompt and enter ipconfig /all and note the Physical Address of your adapter. It should be your new MAC address.", "In order to easily identify your network adapter in the Windows Registry, you'll want to gather some basic information about it through the Command Prompt. You can open the Command Prompt by typing \"cmd\" into the Run box (Windows key + R). Type ipconfig /all and press Enter. Note the Description and Physical Address for the active network device. Ignore devices that aren't active (Media Disconnected). Type net config rdr and press Enter. Note the GUID, which is displayed between the \"{}\" brackets next to the Physical Address you recorded earlier. You can start the Registry Editor by opening the Run dialog box (Windows key + R) and typing \"regedit\". This will open the Registry Editor, which will allow you to change the settings for your network card. Making incorrect changes to the registry can cause your system to malfunction. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}. Expand it by clicking the arrow. There will be several folders labeled \"0000\", \"0001\", etc. Open each of these and compare the DriverDesc field to the Description you noted in the first step. To be completely sure, check the NetCfgInstanceID field and match it with the GUID from the first step. For example, if the \"0001\" folder matches your device, right-click on the folder. Select New → String Value. Name the new value \"NetworkAddress\". In the \"Value data\" field, enter your new MAC address. MAC addresses are 12-digit values, and should be entered without any dashes or colons. For example, if you want to make the MAC address \"2A:1B:4C:3D:6E:5F\", you would enter \"2A1B4C3D6E5F\".. Some adapters (especially Wi-Fi cards) are unforgiving of MAC addresses changes if the first octet's 2nd half isn't a 2,6,A,E or begins with a zero. This requirement has been observed as far back as Windows XP and is formatted as: D2XXXXXXXXXX D6XXXXXXXXXX DAXXXXXXXXXX DEXXXXXXXXXX You can also disable and re-enable your adapter within Windows for the change to become effective without rebooting. Just sliding the Wi-Fi's On/Off switch like the slider found on ThinkPads and VaiOs won't satisfactorily disable/re-enable the card. Once you've rebooted the computer, open the Command Prompt and enter ipconfig /all and note the Physical Address of your adapter. It should be your new MAC address." ], "summary": [ "Open the Device Manager. Expand the Network Adapters section. Right-click on your adapter. Click the Advanced tab. Enter your new MAC address. Reboot your computer to enable the changes. Check that the changes took effect.", "Find your network adapter's ID information. Open the Registry Editor. Navigate to the registry key. Find your adapter. Right-click on the folder that matches your device. Double-click the new Network Address entry. Ensure that the MAC address is formatted properly. Reboot your computer to enable the changes. Check that the changes took effect." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Switching Between Added Accounts", "Adding an Account to the Instagram App" ], "document": [ " This will pull up a small menu of all accounts that are linked. You can easily add additional accounts by selecting “Add Account” from this menu. You can add up to 5 accounts. To log out of an account, switch to that account and tap the “Settings” icon from the Profile screen. Select “Log out of [username].” This account will no longer be available from your managed accounts, unless you add it back. You can also log out of all accounts by selecting “Log out of All Accounts” from the Settings menu.", "This appears as a multicolored icon with a camera. This is the icon of a person in the bottom right of the screen. On iPhones and iPads, this icon will appear as a gear. On Androids, this icon will appear as a vertical ellipsis. This is in the last section of the menu. This account is now linked within the app." ], "summary": [ "Open Instagram. Tap the “Profile” icon. Tap the account username at the top of the screen. Select the account you wish to use.", "Open Instagram. Tap the “Profile” icon. Tap the “Settings” icon in the top-right corner. Tap Add Account. Enter the username and password of the new account. Tap Login." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Putting it On", "Deciding Where to Apply It", "Knowing When to Wear Cologne" ], "document": [ "The hot water cleanses your skin and opens your pores, providing a good base for the cologne. It won't smell good mixed with dirty skin, and if you spray it on dry it may not last as long. If your cologne has a spray bottle, do not spray right next to your skin; you don't want the liquid dripping down your shirt. It'll be way too strong, so hold it a few inches from your body and give yourself a light squirt. If your bottle doesn't have a spray nozzle, use the dabbing method. Cover the open bottle with your finger, tip the bottle, then right the bottle and put it down. Dab the liquid on your finger in the area where you wish to apply the cologne. One small dab is sufficient; don't double-dab. Wash your hands after using this method, so you don't get cologne smell on everything you touch. This changes the way the cologne smells and makes the scent go away faster. Instead of rubbing the cologne, just spray or dab it on and let it dry on the skin. You shouldn't wear cologne with strongly-scented deodorant or aftershave. The smells might not go well together, and the combination could leave you smelling like a department store perfume counter. You'll quickly grow used to the smell of your cologne, to the point where you might think it's completely worn off. Other people, however, will still be able to smell it. You probably don't need to apply cologne more than once a day, right before you go out. If you absolutely feel the need to put on some more, keep it light.", "These are the areas of your body that produce a lot of body heat. The heat will cause the fragrance to continue to smell good all day long. If you just put the cologne on your clothes, it may not be detectable for long. The insides of your wrists are a good spot for cologne. Behind the ears is another spot that many men like to utilize. This is a great place to apply cologne since it scents your shirt and provides a nice burst of scent to whomever you might end up hugging. If you're relatively sure your date's head may be close to your neck at some point during the evening, be sure to dab some cologne on your neck for good measure. Cologne applied here mixes with your natural scent, creating a unique smell that is truly you. If you tend to get body odor, don't use cologne as a way to mask it. Less appealing smells don't mix well with cologne, so it's best not to layer it on in the wrong areas. You don't have to put cologne on every pulse point; in fact, if you do so your scent will probably be overwhelming for those around you. Choose a few spots, and keep it subtle.", "Cologne is not necessary at work, but it's generally acceptable. A big event, such as a wedding, funeral, party, or night out on the town, might easily call for cologne. Be aware of how your body's oils interact with your cologne. If you're going clubbing, for example, it may not be the best idea to apply lots of cologne: your natural body odor mixed with cologne may be even worse smelling than just your natural body odor. Some people are allergic to cologne. You'll need to be sensitive of this potential issue when working in an office or spending time in other indoor areas. Any other reason to wear cologne (\"Because I want to feel like a man,\" \"Because my friend is doing it,\" etc.) is pointless. That being said, apply it when you feel like it and enjoy your scent. Many men prefer to wear one cologne during the day, at work, and a completely different one when they go out. Some sources recommend a lighter, citrus-based scent for afternoons and workplace environments, and a stronger scent with spice undertones or musky notes for the night." ], "summary": [ "Take a shower first. Spray from several inches away. Dab very sparingly. Don't rub it in. Don't mix cologne with other smells. Don't reapply too often.", "Apply the cologne to your pulse points. Consider the chest. Don't forget the neck. Keep it clear of areas where you sweat excessively. Choose one or two spots.", "Wear cologne at the appropriate times. Wear cologne because it makes you smell good, feel good, and act confident. Choose different colognes for different occasions." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Making the Mouse’s Body", "Folding the Ears" ], "document": [ "Any kind of thin paper will work, although paper designed specifically for origami may be easier to work with. If you don’t have square paper, use scissors to cut regular paper into a square. You can use any color of paper to make your origami mouse with. If you want a realistic-looking mouse, go with a brown, black, or white piece of paper. If you want something that’s more whimsical and fun, try brightly-colored paper or paper with a pattern on it.", "Make sure the flap is lying flat on the shorter half of the model. Then, fold it down and back and crease along the fold. Now your mouse should have 2 ears!" ], "summary": [ "Get a square piece of paper to make your origami mouse with.", "Flip the model over and repeat with the other flap." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Performing the Exercise: Warm-Up 1", "Frequency", "Getting in the Starting Position" ], "document": [ " This should activate your calf muscles, thighs, and glutes. ", "You can never really be too warmed up, of course, but make sure not to strain yourself. For faster results, increase the number of repetitions/times per week you do this exercise.", " Walk yourself forward slightly if you're not comfortable, but don't fully lean back against the ball. With your arms resting at your sides you should now be in a neutral position." ], "summary": [ "Spread your legs further apart from each other to stabilize yourself. Start pushing and releasing with your feet so that you bounce up and down on the exercise ball. Return to the neutral position once you've done between 50 and 100 repetitions, or more if you would like.", "Do the recommended number of repetitions for each exercise.", "Consider the amount of space being left when resting your exercise ball down. Sit down on the exercise ball with your legs in front of you, knees bent and feet on the ground." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using a Hair Tie", "Using a Piece of Elastic" ], "document": [ "Try to get one of those fabric coated hair ties instead of a rubber band. They are much sturdier, and will last must longer. For a plain scrunchie, use some cotton or jersey knit fabric. It can be solid colored or have a small print on it. For a fancier scrunchie, try some stretch velvet instead. Don't worry; you will be turning the fabric inside out, after you sew it. You will need to scrunch the fabric up in order to get it to wrap around the hair tie. When you are done, the long, raw edges of the rectangle should be inside the hair tie. The folded part should be on the outside. The hair tie should be sandwiched inside the folded rectangle, touching the right sides of the fabric. Pin the top right corner to the bottom right corner. Pin the top left corner to the bottom left corner. You can also pin the fabric along the long edge, if you'd like. Try to use a thread color that closely matches the fabric's color. You can do this by hand, using very small stitches, or on a sewing machine. Do not stitch the narrow ends together. When you are done, you should have a tube around the hair tie. Again, you may have to scrunch the tube up to get it to fit. Remove the pins when you are done. Attach a safety pin to one of the narrow edges. Tuck it inside the tube. Scrunch as much fabric as you can onto the safety pin, and pull the pin through the tube. Keep doing this until the safety pin reaches the other side of the tube. When you are done, the seam should be on the inside, and the right side of the fabric should be facing you. Remove the safety pin when you are done. Make sure you do this on both sides of the tube. This will help give you a nicer seam when you are done. Make sure you sew all along the edge of the tube, and be careful not to sew through the hair tie. You will need to do this by hand. ", "For a plain scrunchie, use some cotton or jersey-knit fabric. It can be solid colored, or have a small print on it. For a fancier scrunchie, try some stretch velvet. When you are done, you should end up with a long, skinny rectangle that is it 2 inches (5.08 centimeters) wide and 18 inches (45.72 centimeters) long. You can do this by hand or on a sewing machine. Do not sew the narrow ends shut just yet. Attach a safety pin to one of the narrow ends, and stick it into the tube. Scrunch as much fabric as you can onto the safety pin, then pull it through the tube, bringing the elastic with it. Keep doing this until the safety pin pops out on the other side. When you are done, the seam should be inside the tube, and the right sides of the fabric should be on the outside. Remove the safety pin when you are done. Try to find something that is about ¼ (0.64 centimeters) wide. One safety pin will help hold the elastic in place, and the other with help guide it through the fabric tube. Be sure to keep the elastic attached to it. This will hold the elastic in place as you feed it through the fabric tube. Use the safety pin as a guide, just like you did when turning the fabric tube inside out. Spread the tube apart so that you can see the two ends of the elastic. Remove the safety pins, and pin the two elastic ends together using a regular sewing pin. You can also overlap the two ends of the elastic by ½ inch (1.27 centimeters) and sew them down. Be careful not to sew onto the fabric. Remove the pins when you are done. Make sure you do this on both sides of the tube. This will help give you a nicer seam when you are finished. Sew all the way around the edges; be careful not to sew through the elastic. You will need to do this by hand. " ], "summary": [ "Find a hair tie. Cut a rectangle out of fabric that is 4 inches (10.16 centimeters) wide and 18 inches (45.72 centimeters). Fold the rectangle in half lengthwise, with the right sides together. Place the hair tie inside it the rectangle. Pin the corners together to keep the fabric in place. Sew along the long edge, using a ½ inch (1.27 centimeters) seam allowance. Turn the tube inside out so that the right sides of the fabric are facing out. Tuck both of the narrow raw edges into the tube by ½ inch (1.27 centimeters). Bring the two edges together until they touch, then sew them together using a ladder stitch. Finished.", "Cut a piece of fabric that is about 4 inches (10.16 centimeters) wide and 18 inches (45.72 centimeters) long. Fold it lengthways, right side in. Sew along the long, raw edge using a ½ inch (1.27 centimeters) seam allowance. Turn the fabric tube inside out to hide the raw edge. Cut a 6 inch (15.24 centimeters) long piece of narrow elastic. Attach a safety pin to each end of the elastic. Attach one of the safety pins to one of the narrow ends of the fabric tube. Push the elastic through the fabric tube until it comes out on the other end. Pin the two ends of the elastic together. Sew the two ends of the elastic together using tiny stitches and a ½ inch (1.27 centimeters) seam allowance. Tuck the narrow, raw edges of the fabric tube inside by ½ inch (1.27 centimeters). Bring the two narrow ends together, and sew them to each other using a ladder stitch. Finished." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Helping Your Friend in the Long Term", "Helping Your Friend in the Short Term" ], "document": [ "Everyone grieves in a completely different manner and over a completely unique time period. Don’t focus on how long the grieving period should take based on the length of the relationship or anything else like that. Accept that your friend will need to find his or her own way and in his or her own time. This process is likely to continue testing your patience, but you simply cannot force the situation to click. It’ll click when the person is ready for it to. Grief often feels all-encompassing in a way that may make your friend put off going grocery shopping or keeping up with other errands that we all hate to do even when we’re not getting over a breakup. While you shouldn’t mother your friend completely, offering to pick up some basic necessities or even help with the laundry can mean more to the person than you might think. By offering briefly to take something even so simple and mundane off your friend’s plate, you will help in a way most others won’t even offer. While you should allow the friend to work through the pain and sadness in the short term, don’t feel as though you cannot have fun together in the weeks and months after the breakup. Especially in cases of long-term relationships and cohabitation, being single again can feel a bit to anyone as though they’ve lost part of themselves or their identity. If you and the friend had standing dinner plans on the same night every week or other common friend rituals, resume them as soon as the friend seems ready. These gestures can reestablish a sense of normalcy that helps the friend move on. Remember that getting over someone isn’t a perfectly linear process. Even after resuming fun routines, your friend will still have good and bad days. Resist the urge to push or cajole to get the process back on track. The friend is still seeking a safe, nonjudgmental place in your friendship. This may be the perfect time for you to try out a new adventure together. Sign up for a new experience, like a hot balloon ride, or leave town for the weekend. While not advisable, we all know it’s perfectly normal give in to a night or two of too much to drink after a breakup. However, as the immediate breakup turns into the long process of moving on, ensure that your friend doesn’t appear to be finding too much solace in drugs or alcohol. In addition to the risks of dependence, a healthy body will help lead to a healthy mind much more quickly, and no one sleeps, eats, or exercises enough when they party too often. Though your friend should not avoid or repress the pain and sadness of the breakup, those feelings often find other outlets in the weeks and months that follow. Channeling negative emotions into positive activities is a process referred to as sublimation. Find out the activities your friend is using to sublimate the hurt feelings and encourage them. The person might be exercising more, taking up painting or an instrument, or even doubling down on working toward a promotion. Offer your friend plenty of positive reinforcement for the productive ways in which he or she has managed the situation. In most people’s grieving process, anger comes after the confusion, denial, and sadness involved with a breakup. Anger usually means your friend has accepted the rejection and moved past the immediate loss. While your friend obviously shouldn’t be driven to negative or violent action based on his or her anger, being mad alone is not a sign of backsliding. However, discourage your friend from thinking that all women or men are evil or fickle. Not everyone is evil when just one person hurts you. In the absence of being loved and needed by the ex, your friend may seek it in another, ill-advised relationship.. This is a terrible idea for the same reason that offering your friend too many distractions is a terrible idea—distraction versus dealing. Try to dissuade the person from jumping into another relationship if it looks that way, but remember to approach it the same way you approached the person trying to contact the ex. In other words, don’t get so invested that you’ll be upset if the person does it anyway, and don’t forbid it so harshly that you tempt them to do it to spite you.", "Immediately after a breakup—regardless of whether the relationship was six months or six years—your friend is likely to feel confused in addition to sadness. Your friend will likely want to start talking through this confusion almost immediately, and genuinely listening is one of the first and most meaningful steps you can take to show you care. No matter what reason someone gives us for breaking up, we’re always left with questions—“What could I have done differently?” or “Can I still fix this?” It’s perfectly logical for people to be confused about being rejected, especially if they don’t see the rejection coming. It’s always easier to maintain a friend through the good times, so it’s natural for hard times such as breakups to feel straining and frustrating on a friendship. Constantly remind yourself that it’s your job as a friend to be empathetic and involved even if it means listening to the same questions or stories repeatedly as your friend processes the new source of grief. Having patience through the process begins immediately and lasts the entire time. If it helps you, remind yourself of a similar time the friend helped you either through a breakup or maybe the loss of a job. Think objectively about how patient the friend was with you during your more difficult moments. Obviously, your friend doesn’t want to feel as though he or she is talking to a wall, so make sure you engage with the stories and questions raised to help make the person feel understood. During your responses, try to avoid empty cliches and platitudes about breakups, though. The last thing your friend wants to hear is that there are other fish in the sea because it invalidates his or her current emotional state. In general, you should say things that both reassure your friend and acknowledge that his or her feelings are valid. Avoid telling the friend how to feel such as telling them to stay positive, and avoid immediately giving advice unless you are asked for it. For example, instead of telling a friend to try to be more positive, acknowledge that the situation isn’t fair. Now is not the time to give your friend advice. Just repeat back what they say to you to show them that you're listening. Validate their feelings by assuring them that it is okay to feel the way that they do. While you may feel tempted to compare your friend’s situation to a previous breakup of your own, you should avoid doing so in the immediate aftermath of the breakup. We may see this as relating to the person, but you may accidentally cross the line in the eyes of your grieving friend, making it seem like you’re stealing their thunder or making the situation about you. Give the friend time to make it about him or her. It’s pretty common for someone who has just been rejected to deny the finality of the situation. Your friend may be tempted in the early stages to reach out to the ex in ways that you know aren’t going to help. While you should discourage this course of action when the friend asks, don’t allow yourself to get too involved in the outcome. Your friend has likely made up his or her mind to contact the person by the time the topic comes up, so you cannot allow yourself to get frustrated if the person doesn’t follow your advice. A breakup awakens an irrational part of all of us. Forbidding your friend from contacting the ex is like a parent forbidding a teenager from doing something. Your friend may do it just to spite the voice of reason. The emotional effects of a breakup represent a grieving process. It’s not only natural for people to grieve, but it’s also necessary if the person wants to move on in a healthy manner. You may be tempted to immediately begin getting your friend out of the house to bombard the person with distractions from the pain and sadness, but you must allow your friend to grieve instead of constantly making him or her ignore or forget the breakup. Due to this, only use distractions sparingly and within reason. While taking the friend out shopping or to a baseball game occasionally is a good break from the stress of the grieving process, attempting to subject the person constantly to outside stimuli will only prolong the process or possibly even lead the person to repress the emotions he or she needs to work through. Don't try to set your friend up on a date or push them out into the dating pool. Finding a new partner right away may not be the answer for them." ], "summary": [ "Allow your friend to find his or her own path. Help with day-to-day details. Keep having fun together. Watch the person’s alcohol consumption. Focus on what helps your friend feel better. Let the friend get angry. Dissuade the person from rushing into another relationship.", "Listen. Be patient. Help your friend feel understood. Avoid bringing up your previous breakups. Discourage your friend from contacting the ex. Distract your friend within reason." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Consulting With Professionals", "Utilizing Acupressure Points in the Legs", "Utilizing Acupressure Points of the Arms", "Utilizing Acupressure Points in the Back" ], "document": [ "If you develop back pain that won't go away after a few days, then schedule an appointment with your family physician. Your doctor will examine your back (spine) and ask questions about your family history, diet, and lifestyle, and maybe even take X-rays or send you for a blood test (to rule out rheumatoid arthritis or a spinal infection). However, your family doctor is not a musculoskeletal or spinal specialist, so you may need a referral to another doctor with more specialized training. Other types of healthcare professionals who could help diagnose and treat mechanical back pain include osteopaths, chiropractors, physiotherapists, and massage therapists. Prior to any acupressure treatments, your family doctor may recommend anti-inflammatories such as ibuprofen, naproxen or aspirin to help you cope with your back pain. Mechanical low back pain is not considered a serious medical condition, although it can be quite painful and debilitating. Typical causes include spinal joint sprains, spinal nerve irritation, muscle strains and spinal disc degeneration. However, medical specialists such as an orthopedist, neurologist or rheumatologist may be needed to rule out the most serious causes of back pain such as infection (osteomyelitis), cancer, osteoporosis, fracture, herniated disc, kidney disease or rheumatoid arthritis. X-rays, bone scans, MRI, CT scan and ultrasound are modalities that specialists may use to help diagnose your back pain. Make sure you get the doctor to clearly explain the diagnosis, especially the cause (if possible), and provide you with various treatment options for your condition. Acupressure is only appropriate for mechanical back pain and not for more serious causes such as cancer, which would likely require chemotherapy, radiation and/or surgery. Pain from mechanical back pain can be severe, but it doesn't involve high fevers, rapid weight loss, bladder/bowel problems or loss of leg function, which are all signs of something more serious. If you feel overwhelmed learning about acupressure points and techniques, and uncomfortable treating yourself (or asking a friend for help) then use the internet to find nearby practitioners of TCM (they aren't all Asian) or allied professionals who have the appropriate training. This approach will cost you more money, of course, but you'll be in more capable and confident hands. Many acupuncturists practice acupressure and vice versa. The number of acupressure treatments needed to be effective for back pain (or other conditions) is not well established, but starting out at 3x per week (every other day) for 2 weeks is reasonable to gauge progress.", "Stimulating the acupressure point between your big toe and second toe is best done while laying down supine, which is sometimes called the \"sleeping\" position by practitioners of TCM. For best results, press down on the top of the foot in the webbing between the first two toes and hold firmly for at least 30 seconds, then release gradually. Do both feet after a short rest between the two. Soaking your feet in an ice bath post-treatment will help prevent any bruising or foot soreness. There is another beneficial acupressure point on the bottom of your foot, a little closer to your toes than your heel. To start, clean your feet thoroughly and sit on a stable chair. Then massage the bottom of your foot for a few minutes before locating the pressure point. For best results, press down with your thumb and hold firmly for at least 30 seconds, then release gradually. Do both feet after a short rest between the two. If you have especially ticklish feet, then use some peppermint lotion on them, which will cause a tingling sensation and make them less sensitive to touch. Massaging and putting pressure on the feet and parts of the lower legs is not appropriate for women who are pregnant as it may induce uterine contractions. The relevant pressure points behind the knees are situated directly below the center of the knee joint (point B-54) and also a few inches lateral to the knee joint within the lateral gastrocnemius or calf muscle (point B-53). For best results, press down with your thumb and hold firmly for at least 30 seconds, then release gradually. Do the points behind both knees consecutively. Stimulating the B-54 and B-53 points behind both knees can help relieve stiffness in the back as well as pain in the hips, legs (from sciatica) and knees. The points behind the knee are sometimes referred to as the Commanding Middle by practitioners of TCM.", "One of the ways that acupuncture and acupressure work is that they cause certain compounds such as endorphins (the body's natural pain killers) and serotonin (the bodies feel-good chemical) to be released into the bloodstream. Therefore, pressing safely on certain spots hard enough to elicit achy pain, such as the fleshy point between the thumb and forefinger (called LI-4), can be effective for treating pain all over the body, not just the back. Creating pain temporarily to treat pain due to an injury may seem strange, but that's one of the ways that acupressure and acupuncture work. While laying down on a sofa or bed, apply pressure on this point for at least 10 seconds and release it for another 5 seconds. Repeat at least 3x and wait to see how it impacts your back pain. This acupressure point is on the anterior part of your lower arm, about 2–3 inches (5–8 cm) below (distal to) where your elbow joint flexes. This point is within the brachioradialis muscle and often referred to as the LU-6 point. Sit up in a comfortable position and raise your arm to find the spot (typically 4 finger widths from your elbow). Start with the side of the body that hurts more and press the point for about 30 seconds, 3-4x for 5-10 minutes for best results. Acupressure points may be tender when you first press on them, but the feeling will likely diminish the more times you use them. Always try to press and activate acupressure points on both sides of your body, especially if they're easy to get at like the ones in the hands and elbows. It may not be obvious which side of your back is injured, so always stimulate acupressure points bilaterally if possible. As you first apply firm pressure to the hands and elbows, you will likely feel a slight achiness or even burning sensation. This often indicates you're pressing on the right spot and it will disappear as you continue to put pressure on it. Immediately after any acupressure treatment, you should apply ice (wrapped in a thin towel) to the thinner muscles of the arm for about 10 minutes, which will help prevent any bruising or unnecessary tenderness. In addition to ice, frozen gel packs are effective for inflammation and pain control too.", "Regardless of where you perceive your back pain, certain pressure points along the spine (and throughout the body) have been discovered over the centuries as areas that can alleviate pain, especially if it's mechanical in nature. The low back pressure points are situated just a few inches laterally to the 3rd lumbar spinal vertebrae (just above the level of your hip bones) within the paraspinal muscles and are referred to as points B-23 and B-47. Stimulating the B-23 and B-47 points on both sides of the spine can help relieve achy low back pain, pinched nerves, and sciatica (which includes shooting leg pain). For best results, reach around your low back, press down on these points with your thumb and hold firmly for a couple of minutes, then release gradually. If you lack the flexibility or strength, then ask a friend after showing them a diagram of the points on your cell phone or another portable internet device. Alternatively, you could lay on your back and roll a tennis ball around the area for a few minutes. In TCM, these low back pressure points are also known as the Sea of Vitality. A little further down the backside are the pressure points of the hip region, often referred to as the B-48 points. These points are located a few inches lateral to the sacrum (tail bone) and superficially right over the sacroiliac joint (demarcated by the dimples above your butt muscles). For best results, press down and inward gradually with your thumb, towards the center of your pelvis, and hold firmly for a couple of minutes, then release gradually. Stimulating B-48 points on both sides of the sacrum can help relieve sciatica, as well as low back, pelvic and hip pain. Again, if you lack the flexibility or strength, recruit a friend or grab a tennis ball. Slightly below and lateral to the B-48 points, lay the G-30 acupressure points. The G-30 points are situated in the more fleshy part of the buttocks, specifically in the piriformis muscles, which lay beneath the larger gluteus maximus muscles. For best results, press down and inward gradually with your thumb, towards the center of your buttocks, and hold firmly for a couple of minutes, then release gradually. The sciatic nerve is the thickest nerve in the body and runs down each leg through the buttocks region. Be careful not to irritate the sciatic nerves when putting pressure on those muscles. Immediately after any acupressure treatment, you should apply ice (wrapped in a thin towel) to the thicker muscles of the back/hips for about 15 minutes, which will help prevent any bruising or unnecessary tenderness. Putting ice directly on the skin runs the risk of frostbite and skin discoloration." ], "summary": [ "Schedule an appointment with your doctor. See a specialist about your back. Understand the various types of treatments available. See a practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Press on the top part of the foot while laying down. Press on the sole of your foot while sitting. Press on the acupressure points behind the knees.", "Press on the point between your thumb and forefinger. Press on points around the elbow. Make sure you press both hands and elbows. Apply some ice.", "Activate the pressure points of the low back. Activate the pressure points of the hips. Activate the pressure points of the buttocks. Apply some ice." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Setting the Tank Up Again", "Cleaning the Tank", "Draining the Aquarium" ], "document": [ "If you have a home filtration system, your water may not need to be dechlorinated. If not, you'll need to dechlorinate your tap water before introducing your fish to the water. The process is fairly simple, and there are two main methods of dechlorinating your water. You can dechlorinate your water naturally by leaving it out in an opened container for several days. Over time the chlorine will evaporate out of the container, leaving only the now-dechlorinated water. You can dechlorinate water quickly and easily by adding a few drops of dechlorination solution from your local pet store. Follow the instructions on the label to ensure that your water levels are safe for fish. A freshwater tank is somewhat easier to refill than a marine aquarium. You won't need to do much to the water, other than dechlorinating it and ensuring that it's the right temperature (if your aquatic organisms require a specific temperature range). Once you've dechlorinated enough water, you can simply pour it into the clean tank. If your fish require a specific temperature range, you'll need to monitor the temperature of the clean water before adding your fish. A saltwater tank can be a bit more work than a freshwater tank, but with a little patience it's easily manageable. The biggest difference between saltwater and freshwater aquariums is the need to salinate the water before adding it to the tank. Mix a new batch of saltwater by combining your preferred commercial salt mix and the right amount of dechlorinated tap water. The specific gravity of your saltwater should measure 1.025. Pour the prepared saltwater into the tank and fill it to your desired level. Be careful not to disturb any plants or live rocks at the bottom of the tank. If your aquatic organisms require a specific temperature range you'll need to make sure the water is an acceptable temperature before reintroducing your fish. Once your tank is refilled and the temperature is correct (if relevant), you're ready to reintroduce your aquatic organisms. You can either use nets to scoop them out of their secondary container and into the clean tank, or you can carefully and gently pour them with the water from their container into the tank. Make sure the filter and heater (if relevant) are working and have prepared the water before you reintroduce your aquatic organisms. Scooping and transferring them may be less stressful for the fish than pouring them back in.", "If you used a gravel cleaner to drain the tank, your gravel should be clean enough to skip this step. However, if you used a siphon hose, you'll want to clean the gravel to remove debris like leftover food and organic waste. Collect the gravel in a colander. Make sure you only use this colander for cleaning your tank, as it will be too dirty to use for preparing food with. Rinse the gravel under clean, running tap water. You can use warm water but you should avoid using very hot water, as this will kill the healthy bacteria your fish rely on. Do not use soap or chemicals to clean the gravel, as these will also destroy the healthy bacteria that have colonized your tank. The filter in your tank traps a lot of organic debris, including leftover food and waste product. It's important to clean this equipment, but you need to do so carefully in order to avoid disrupting the bacterial colonies your fish depend on. If you use disposable filter media, simply discard the old cartridge and replace it with a new one. If you use permanent filter media, you'll need to rinse your filter media under clean, running tap water. You can use cool or warm water but you should avoid hot water, as this can damage the healthy bacteria inside the filter. Rinse any objects from the aquarium, such as toys and submerged artifacts, under clean, running tap water and set them aside. If you want to thoroughly clean the tank, you'll need to at least wipe down the walls inside of it. Built-up algae and other debris may need to be scraped off; otherwise, you should be able to use a sponge or special wipe to clean the glass. You can use an old credit card or ID card to scrape off algae that's stuck to the walls. Or, if you prefer, you can purchase a special tank scraper from a pet store to complete this task. Use clean paper towels or specialized cleaning wipes to scrub the inside of the tank. Do not use commercial cleaning products, as these will leave residual chemicals that can harm or even kill your aquatic organisms. Once you're finished cleaning the tank you can begin replacing the objects back into it. Set up the gravel, then arrange your filter and any artificial plants or toys in the substrate. Plug the filter and heater back in and make sure the water is habitable before reintroducing your aquatic organisms.", "You'll need to remove your fish and any other aquatic organisms before you can drain the water out of an aquarium. This requires great care, though, as fish tend to get frightened by this process and may become tangled in the nets. Choose the correct net size so that your largest fish will fit inside. Even if the nets are large enough, you'll still need to exercise caution so the fish don't get injured during the transfer. Use two fish nets to catch your fish within the tank. Hold one net steady and use the other to \"herd\" your fish into the stable net one at a time. Transfer the fish to a second tank large enough to hold them all. If you're having a hard time catching your fish, you can try draining off a little bit of the water. Working in a shallower tank will make it easier to herd and catch the fish. Once the fish have been removed from the tank you'll want to disconnect any power sources from the tank. Whether it's a filter, heater, or just an overhead light, you do not want any active electricity going to your tank when you start to empty the water. A plugged-in electricity source could cause electrocution if it gets wet. This can cause serious injuries which may even be fatal. Once you've unplugged each device you can move it out of the aquarium so that it is not in the way. Taking everything out of the tank before you drain the water will make it much easier to complete the draining process. These objects will need to get rinsed, so it may be best to do this near a sink if at all possible. Take out any artificial plants and decorations (like toys or sunken objects) out of the aquarium. Leave them in the sink to be cleaned. Doing this before you drain the water will allow any stirred-up debris to settle before you begin emptying the tank. Whether you're new to aquarium maintenance or have been doing it for years, there's always a chance that something might spill. It's generally a good idea to lay down protective materials whenever you drain the tank or change the water to ensure that nothing in your home gets damaged. Arrange a few old towels on the floor around your aquarium. If you're really worried about spilling you can lay down tarps or mats underneath the towels for extra protection. There are two main methods of emptying an aquarium. The first is to siphon the water out using a hose. The second is to drain the water using a gravel cleaner that simultaneously drains water, such as The Python or Aqueon. If siphoning off the water with a hose, dip one end into the tank and begin filling the other end with water from a tap. Then stop filling the tap end and let it drain out; once water starts draining it will continue to draw water out of the tank. If using a gravel cleaner, activate the device and submerge the intake end all the way down into the gravel. You'll need to lift and reposition the device periodically as it drains, but it can be much easier and less messy than using a siphon hose." ], "summary": [ "Dechlorinate enough tap water for your tank. Refill a freshwater tank. Set up a saltwater tank. Reintroduce your aquatic organisms.", "Wash the gravel from the substrate. Rinse off the filter and any other tank objects. Clean the glass walls of the tank. Replace the objects back in the tank.", "Transfer the fish out of your tank. Disconnect all power sources from the tank. Remove all objects from the tank. Lay down towels and mats or tarps. Drain the water out of your aquarium." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Creating a Server", "Setting Up Your Game", "Signing into a Server" ], "document": [ "This option is at the top of the \"New World\" tab. This option allows you to create your own world for up to four friends to join; however, all of your friends must be using the same Wi-Fi network as you. This tab is in the bottom-left corner of the screen. You'll also see a World tab in the bottom-left side of the screen; you can customize your world's settings from here. This option is near the top of the screen. If the switch is already on, you'll see two options entitled \"Broadcast to Xbox Live\" and \"Broadcast to LAN\" listed on the page in addition to the \"Multiplayer Game\" option. It's in the middle-left side of the screen. Your custom game will launch. This button is at the top of the screen. It's in the upper-right corner of the pause screen. You may invite up to four people (not including yourself). If you don't have friends yet, you can tap Add Friend in the bottom-left corner of the screen to add people's gamertags to your profile. It's in the bottom-right corner of the screen. Once your friends join your server, you'll be able to play online with them. The \"#\" part reflects the number of friends you invite; for example, if you invite three friends, the button will say Send 3 Invites.", "Its icon resembles a block of dirt with the word \"Minecraft\" displayed across it. If you don't have Minecraft PE yet, first download it from the App Store (iPhone) or the Google Play Store (Android). It costs $6.99 USD to download. This button is in the bottom-right corner of the screen; doing so will prompt you to enter your Xbox LIVE gamertag information. You'll enter this in the text field on this page. If you don't have an Xbox LIVE gamertag, first go to the Xbox LIVE website and create a gamertag. It's near the bottom of the page. Enter it in the text field that's in the middle of the page. It's near the bottom of the page. This will take you to the main menu. It's near the top of the page. From here, you can join an existing server if you have the appropriate information, or you can create your own server to which you may invite friends.", "This tab is in the top-right corner of the screen. It's the multiple boxes icon on the far-right side of the \"Add Friend\" button. You'll need to type in the server's name and the server's address in the top and middle fields, respectively. There is a third field on this page labeled \"Port\", but Minecraft PE will fill it in automatically for you. If you don't have a server to user here, you can also look for public servers to join. Such servers post their names, IP addresses, and any other information needed to log into the server. It's in the bottom-right corner of the \"Add External Server\" form. Doing so will save the server to a list on the \"Friends\" tab. You can also tap Play in the bottom-left corner of this page to jump right into the server. If all of the information you added is correct and the server is online, doing so will load the server. This process may take a few minutes." ], "summary": [ "Tap Create New. Tap Generate Random. Tap Multiplayer. Slide the \"Multiplayer Game\" switch to the \"On\" (right) position. Tap Play. Tap the pause button. Tap Invite to Game. Tap the name of each friend you wish to invite. Tap Send # Invites.", "Open Minecraft PE. Tap Sign In For Free. Type in your Xbox LIVE email address. Tap Next. Type in your password. Tap Sign in. Tap Let's play. Tap Play.", "Tap Friends. Tap the \"Add External Server\" button. Enter the server's information. Tap Save. Tap the server's name." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using Oils for Removal" ], "document": [ "Submerge the plastic in a container of cooking oil for 12 to 24 hours. Canola, vegetable, and other oils will soak into the sticker and loosen the adhesive. This will make it easier to remove later. You can try the method again if it doesn’t work the first time and then gently peel the sticker off with a razor blade. If you are not able to soak the item in oil, then you can also use a cooking oil spray on it." ], "summary": [ "Soak the label in cooking oil." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Getting Certified", "Succeeding in Your Career", "Getting Hired" ], "document": [ "You will need to pursue a higher education to become a radiologic technologist, so you will have to start here if you do not have this degree already. If you're still in high school and know you want to be a radiologic technologist, then you can try to take courses that can help you succeed in the field. Here are some courses you can focus on in high school: Anatomy Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics You can get the education you need in three ways: through a bachelor's degree, an associate degree, or a certificate program. You may find a B.A. program that offers a major in Radiologic Technology, though the most common path for radiologic technologists is getting an associate degree from an accredited community college or a private (for-profit) institution. The certificate program typically lasts 21-24 months and is perfect for individuals who already have experience in radiology technology. Whatever higher educational path you take, you will study the following subjects: Anatomy and physiology Patient care and management Equipment operation Radiographic procedures Radiation protection Image production Clinical practice Medical terminology While you're getting your education, you will most likely have to get some hands-on training to learn the ropes of the career. Just make sure to take a program that is certified by The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT). You may have to take coding and medical office courses as well as to learn how to work with actual patients. Once you get your training, here are some of the things you will learn to do: Operate x-ray equipment. Organize, process and analyze medical images. Acquire and calculate accurate mathematical measurements. Perform quality control. Specializing in a specific field of radiologic technology will give you a leg up in interviews and will make you a desirable candidate. You can specialize during your training or after you've gone on the job. Specialization requires more training and the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certification in your field. Here are some fields that you can specialize in: Mammography Computer tomography (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Cellular imaging Medical sonography Medical imaging Radiography To become a certified technologist, a student may be required to successfully pass the exams, as well as meet the Technical Standards and Essential Functions (TSEF). The exam may be given by your individual state or by the AART. It tests the following skills: Observation skills. The student must demonstrate the ability to assess and comprehend the diagnosis. Communication skills. The student must learn verbal, non-verbal and written formats. Motor skills. The student must execute basic movements to lift and move immobile patients. Intellectual skills. The student must be able to make decisions, interpret, collect and integrate information. Most states require individuals to secure a license along with their certification. You should look into the requirements of your state, since they differ; some states simply use the ARRT exams for licensing, but others may require additional work to be done. Contact your state's health board for more information on what you need to do to become a radiology technician in your state.", "If you want to maintain your ARRT certified status, then you'll need to get 24 hours of continuing education every two years. This will help you brush up on your skills, learn new techniques, and to stay current in your field. As you become more experienced in your career, you may be asked to train or even to manage entry-level technologists. Make sure you know how to educate and manage others in a professional and helpful manner. Your job will require you to work closely with patients, many of whom will be under incredible stress or in extreme pain. They will need you to calm them down and to help them relax as you do your job. As you grow in your career, you will need to master small talk as well as the ability to make patients feel as calm and comfortable as possible. They will undoubtedly be nervous and they may ask you what you see on the machines. However, you cannot diagnose patients yourself or tell them what you see; you may notice a large tumor, but you must not show distress and keep telling the patients that only the doctors can diagnose the problems and that your job is just to operate the machine. You will need both physical and mental stamina to succeed at your job. Though the average work week for a radiology technician is 40 hours a week, your job may require you to work evenings, weekends, or to take on other on-call work, especially when you're starting out. You will need to stay physically strong because you may have to lift and move patients, and you will have to stay mentally tough because the job can get a bit repetitive and can also be emotionally draining, as working with potentially sick patients may take a toll on you. Though the job can be a bit mentally and physically draining, at the end of the day, you should feel proud that you're helping patients diagnose their problems and to get on the road to recovery. Though the position of radiologic technologist has less opportunities for clinical advancement, if you do want to advance, then you can move into several other fields that can offer a change of pace and in some cases, a higher salary. Here are the most common fields that experienced radiology technicians can enter into: Education Sales Consulting Industry", "Internships are great for getting training in a field. An internship will allow you to receive first-hand knowledge of the daily routines. This may also be more feasible if you're having a hard time finding full-time employment at first. Read the job description and posting thoroughly before completing an application. Make sure that you meet the necessary qualifications before you apply for the position. After getting hired, enjoy the employment benefit package. Go online to reputable websites such as the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) site to see what opportunities are out there. Answer all questions with clear and precise information using buzz words. Buzz words are the words the human resources department will initially scan for when checking an application. If requested, submit all credentials such as a transcript, certification and references. Make a copy of paperwork for your file before submitting. The benefits packages may include: a pension plan, tuition reimbursement, paid vacation, holidays and sick days and insurance coverage. Professional organizations keep members informed of new techniques, procedures, legislative acts, new licensure requirements and updates on conferences and continuing education programs. These organizations will also help you network and meet other people in your field who could help you find future work. If you want to be the best radiologic technologist that you can be, then you can continue to develop the skills you need to excel at your job. Here are the some of the qualities that you should posses and improve: Being detail-orientied. You have to follow the exact instructions you need to get the correct images that will help to diagnose and treat your patients. Science and mathematical skills. You must deepen your understanding of physiology, anatomy, and other sciences. Technical skills. You must have a deep understanding of how to operate the complex machinery at your disposal." ], "summary": [ "Get a high school diploma or a GED. Get a higher education. Get the training. Consider specializing. Pass the mandatory exams to become certified. Get licensed.", "Maintain your certified status. Train entry-level technicians. Develop your interpersonal skills. Keep your stamina up. Advance in your career.", "Get on-the-job training to prepare for employment. Submit employment applications and get hired. Join a professional organization to stay current on innovations in the field. Continue to develop your skills." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Composing Your Original Oratory", "Delivering Your Speech", "Choosing and Researching Your Topic" ], "document": [ "You have lots of flexibility when it comes to formatting an original oratory, but you should structure your speech around a concise thesis. A thesis is one sentence that clearly states your argument and provides a road map for the rest of your speech. Your thesis should convey to your audience the speech's purpose and stance. Be clear and direct instead of including words like \"This speech is about\" before your thesis. If your topic is DIY education, your thesis could be, “Making do it yourself knowledge widely available is essential to contemporary society.” Your 3 points will provide evidence that supports your thesis, and you'll discuss them in detail in your speech's body. You'll state the thesis and main points in the introduction, expand and defend them in your speech's body, and summarize them in a conclusion. For your speech about DIY education, your main points could deal with the personal, practical, and economic benefits of DIY education. You'd use one section in your body to expand on each benefit. Write your speech as you would an academic paper. Everyone writes differently, and some people prefer to write the introduction first, the body second, and the conclusion last. However, organizing the body of your speech first can help you summarize your main points more concisely in your introduction and conclusion. When you organize the body of your speech, don't spend too much or too little time on 1 or 2 points. Try to balance your time equally between your points, and make sure you're familiar with your time limit or permitted word count. For example, you could spend 1-2 paragraphs discussing the personal pride that comes with completing a DIY project on your own. You could then spend a couple of paragraphs discussing practical benefits, like being able to handle a medical emergency. Finally, you can talk about the money and resources one saves by completing a DIY project on their own. While you should include evidence in the body of your speech to support your points, you'll need to strike a balance between statistics, insight, and personal connection to the topic. Keep in mind that most speech competitions have limits on the number of quoted words you use, so be selective and only include the strongest available evidence. When you choose your citations, don't twist or misrepresent a source to fit your agenda. Don't forget to document your source both verbally when you deliver the speech and in the written script. Your verbal citations should be thorough enough that your audience could find them on their own for further research. You can typically use any manual style, like MLA, but you should check with your teacher or debate coach to verify which is best for your assignment. For example, cite a source by saying, \"According to a 2012 study by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, community education outside of the classroom provides medical students with more robust knowledge and better patient interaction skills.\" This quote does not contain unnecessary details that would disrupt the flow of the speech, but it does clearly display the source. Including a perspective that opposes your argument is a great way to strengthen your case. Include a paragraph that summarizes an opposing statement, then include evidence to the contrary to prove that your argument is more valid. You could include, for instance, a source that calls DIY a form of dilettantism or dabbling. Then you could refute this argument as dismissive and short-sighted by citing examples of individuals who have cultivated in-depth DIY knowledge on a variety of subjects. The introduction should grab the audience's attention, state the problem your thesis addresses, and lay down your solution's roadmap. The conclusion must be a strong, concise restatement of your thesis and main points. Once you've organized the body of your speech, you'll have a better idea of how to structure the introduction and conclusion. In general, follow this structure: tell your audience what you're going to tell them, tell them, then tell them what you told them. Avoid clichés, such as, “According to Webster's dictionary, this is defined as…” Once you've written and revised your oratory, have other people critique its content and format. Have an English teacher or professor read it and give you feedback on the quality of your writing. Ask your peers to read it to gauge whether your topic and presentation style appeal to broad audiences. It's also a good idea to practice giving your speech in front of a small audience so you can get feedback on your delivery.", "An original oratory is typically a memorized speech. Start memorizing your speech as soon as you've drafted it. Don't wait until the last minute or your grade or competition performance will reflect your procrastination. To memorize your speech, break it up into smaller sections. Work on memorizing a few sentences at a time, then a paragraph, then nail an entire section. Try rewriting 2 or 3 sentences and saying them out loud as you write. Writing, speaking, and reading at the same time will help your brain create more connections, helping you memorize your content. Generally, you'll have less than 10 minutes to deliver your original oratory. Use a stopwatch or your phone's clock to time yourself. Give yourself some wiggle room of at least 30-60 seconds, just in case you take a little longer to deliver your speech than in practice. Give yourself plenty of time to deliver your speech clearly so you don't have to speak so quickly that your audience can't understand you. Since your speech will be memorized, it's especially vital to use facial expressions and eye contact to connect with your audience. Practice your speech in the mirror to make sure your expressions are natural and project confidence. If you're nervous about making eye contact, look slightly above your audience to create the illusion that you're maintaining eye contact. Use gestures and movements to reinforce your most important points. However, don't use unnatural or repetitive gestures, like raising your hands in the same exact way every time. If you're not confident in your ability to mix up your gestures naturally, just keep your hands loosely folded or by your side.", "Make sure you're familiar with any applicable rules, whether you're participating in a competition debate or writing an oratory for a class. Know your maximum allotted time, which is generally under ten minutes, and make sure you're well acquainted with the judging or grading rubric. Keep the parameters and guidelines in mind while choosing a topic, outlining, and writing the oratory. If you have any questions, ask your teacher or debate coach for clarity. that gets you excited. You can choose almost any topic for your original oratory. This flexibility can be overwhelming, but you should see it as an opportunity to share information about something that matters to you. Since you'll have to do lots of research, you should choose a topic that you find important and exciting. Your topic should be culturally relevant and appeal to broad audiences, but shouldn't be cliche or overdone. If you're passionate about do it yourself (DIY) knowledge, for example, you could write an oratory about the value of widely available DIY education. An original oratory can inform your audience about a topic or persuade them to accept your argument. When you start planning your speech, decide if you'd rather share information with your audience or convince them of something. For instance, you might decide that you want to persuade your audience that DIY education has personal, societal, and economical benefits. Or, perhaps you want to inform your audience about the destruction of the wetlands and extinction of plant and animal species in wetlands across the globe. Whether your intent is to inform or persuade, you'll need to cultivate thorough knowledge on your topic and support your oratory with evidence. Think of your original oratory as a school research paper. You can begin with broad search terms (like “destruction of wetlands”) and narrow them down (such as “beaver population declined from 1980-2018”) as you hone your focus. Choose sources such as reputable periodicals, encyclopedias, authoritative books, and scientific journals." ], "summary": [ "Develop a thesis. Support your thesis with at least 3 main points. Write the body of your speech. Choose your citations wisely. Cite your sources in your speech. Consider including a rebuttal to an opposing point of view. Write your introduction and conclusion. Have others read your speech.", "Memorize your speech. Time your delivery. Make eye contact to connect with your audience. Use gestures effectively.", "Familiarize yourself with your guidelines. Choose a topic Decide whether your speech will be informative or persuasive. Research your topic." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Tending to Your Cat", "Administering First Aid", "Helping Your Cat" ], "document": [ "If there is poison on her coat, when the cat grooms herself she will swallow it and risk further toxicity. If the contaminant is a powder, brush it off. If it is sticky, such as tar or oil, you may need to use a specialist hand-cleansing product such as Swarfega Hand Cleaner (as used by motor mechanics) worked into the fur. Bathe the cat in lukewarm water for 10 minutes to remove all residue, and then rinse well with water. As a last resort, you may wish to cut off the worst affected hair with scissors or clippers. Better safe than sorry! Many poisons are harmful to liver, kidneys, or both. To reduce the risk of organ damage from poison already absorbed, ensure the cat drinks freely. If she will not drink spontaneously, then syringe water into her mouth. Slowly dribble it in one ml at a time and be sure to let her swallow. An average cat requires 250 ml of water a day, so don’t be afraid to refill that dosing syringe lots of times! Include all labels, packaging and bottles, so that all information can be relayed to a veterinarian or a Pet Poison Control Hotline. Your efforts may help future cat owners (and cats!) in similar predicaments. Your cat needs to be checked out by a vet to make sure that it's okay. The vet can make sure that you got all of the poison, and that there are no long-term issues to be concerned about.", "This will help you decide on whether it is correct or inappropriate to make the cat vomit. If you have access to the packaging make a note of the following information: trade name, active ingredient(s), and strength. In addition, try to estimate how much the cat has consumed. (Was it a new box? How much is missing?) Your first contacts should be your vet, the pet poison hotline, and the product manufacturer. If you have access to the internet, search the active ingredient. It is helpful to phrase the search like this: Is [name of product] toxic to cats? Some products may be safe when ingested and if you find that out, you need go no further. If the substance is poisonous, the next step is to decide whether to make the cat vomit or not. Do not give your kitty any food, water, milk, salt, oil or any other home remedy unless you know what poison the cat ingested and the specific medication or first aid. Giving any of these without any consultation or instruction from a veterinarian or a Pet Poison Helpline may worsen the condition of your cat. The vet or the helpline will have more knowledge and skill in determining what to do or what to give your poisoned cat. Do not make your cat do anything without instruction from a vet or a pet poison helpline. Some poisons (particularly corrosive acids) can do more harm if vomiting is induced. Only induce emesis (sickness) if: The poison was eaten within the past two hours. If it was eaten more than two hours ago, it has already been absorbed, so vomiting is useless. The cat is conscious and able to swallow. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious, semi-conscious, or seizing/mentally altered cat. The poison is NOT an acid, strong alkali or petroleum product. You're 100% certain you know the poison was ingested. Acids, alkalis and petroleum products cause caustic burns. Irrespective of when they were consumed, do not induce vomiting because they will likely damage the gullet, throat and mouth on the way back up. Strong acids and alkalis are found in household rust removers, glass etching fluids, and cleaning products such as bleach. Petroleum products include lighter fluid, gasoline and kerosene. As previously mentioned you should not make the cat vomit, instead encourage her to drink full-fat milk or eat a raw egg. If she will not drink freely, then use the child’s dosing syringe to drip feed up to 100 ml of milk into her mouth. This will help dilute the acid or alkali, and neutralize it. A raw egg has a similar action. t if instructed to. You will need a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide (do NOT use the more concentrated hydrogen peroxide supplied with some hair perms or dyes) and a teaspoon or child’s dosing syringe.You will find it easier to syringe peroxide, rather than spoon it into her mouth. Here's what you should know: The dose of 3% hydrogen peroxide is 5 ml (one teaspoon) per 5 lb body weight, by mouth. An average cat weighs around 10 lb, so you will need about 10 ml (two teaspoons worth.) Repeat this every ten minutes, for a maximum of three doses. To dose the cat, hold her securely and gently insert the syringe into the cat’s mouth, behind the upper fangs. Depress the plunger, dribbling about of ml at a time onto the cat’s tongue. Give her time to swallow each time and never shoot the full amount in quickly since you may flood her mouth and then she will inhale the peroxide into her lungs. After vomiting, your aim is now to reduce the absorption of poison that has passed further down into the intestine. For this you need activated charcoal. The dose is 1 gram of dry powder for every 1 lb body weight of the cat. An average sized cat will require around 10 grams. Dissolve the powder in the smallest volume of water possible, to form a thick slurry, and syringe it into the cat’s mouth. Repeat this dose every 2 to 3 hours, for 4 doses.", "A cat may be suffering from poisoning if any of the following general symptoms are observed: Difficulty in breathing Blue tongue and gums Panting Vomiting and/or diarrhea Gastric irritation Coughing and sneezing Depression Salivation Seizures, tremors or involuntary muscle twitching Weakness and potentially unconsciousness Dilated pupils Frequent urination Dark urine Shivering When poisoning is suspected and your cat is lying down, unconscious or weak, immediately remove your cat from the area, and transfer it to a well-ventilated and well-lit place. Wear long sleeves and/or gloves to protect yourself from the poison. Sick and wounded cats are likely to bite and scratch because they are upset and afraid. When a cat feels unwell, or is anxious, her first instinct is to hide. If the cat has been poisoned you will need to monitor her symptoms and so it is not appropriate to let her hole up somewhere. In a gentle but firm manner, pick the cat up and take her to a safe room. The kitchen or bathroom is ideal, since you will need access to water. If the poison is within the area, cautiously remove it away from reach of any pets or humans. An experienced vet or helpline can help you calm down and will be able to give you clear instructions on what to do or what antidote to give to your poisoned cat. Always remember that the chances of your cat surviving will be higher if you immediately call the vet. This should be the very first thing to do after stabilizing your cat. You can also call the Pet Poison Helpline (800-213-6680) or the ASPCA Poison Control Center (1-888-426-4435). Pet poison hotlines are not funded by the government like human poison hotlines are, so they usually charge a fee to help pay for the service." ], "summary": [ "Check her coat for contamination. Get her to drink water. Collect a sample of the suspected poison. Take your cat to the vet.", "Identify the poison if at all possible. Avoid giving your cat a home remedy unless instructed. Ask the vet or poison hotline before making your cat vomit. Know how to handle acids, alkalis and petroleum products. if instructed to. Use activated charcoal.", "Recognize the symptoms of poisoning. Get your cat to a well-ventilated area. Call a veterinarian immediately." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Figuring out the Second Half of the Series", "Understanding the First Half of the Series" ], "document": [ "After the aspect ratio, a single letter will be listed that denotes how the tire was constructed. “R” means radial construction, “B” stands for belted bias, and “D” means diagonal bias construction. Choose a spare or new tire with the same casing and construction as the rest. After the letter, there will be a 2-digit number. This number gives the measurement, in inches, of the rim diameter, which is essential to know if you're getting new rims or wheels. For instance, if the number is 17, your rims are 17 inches (43.2 cm) in diameter. The last combination of letters and numbers is called the service description. The load index refers to the load-carrying capabilities of a properly-inflated tire, while the speed rating tells you the maximum speed the tire can handle. The load index number corresponds with a load index chart, and does not tell you the weight in pounds. For instance, a load index of 98 can carry 1,653 pounds. Speed ratings are lettered A–Z and correspond to a speed rating chart. For example, the letter H indicates a maximum speed of 130 mph.", "Tires are manufactured with the tire size printed on the sidewall. The sidewall is the outer wall of the tire, rather than the tread that contacts the road. The size should be printed underneath the tire manufacturer name, just above the rim of the tire. For instance, the series may look like this: P 225 / 50 R 17 98 H On some tires, the series of numbers begins with a letter. “P” stands for “P-metric” and denotes a passenger vehicle. “LT” stands for light truck, “T” means temporary spare, and “C” stands for commercial. If you're purchasing a spare or new tire, you'll need to choose the same service type as the rest of the tires. The 3-digit number before the slash denotes the tire width, which is measured from sidewall to sidewall and corresponds to the tread that contacts the road. The measurement is given in millimeters, and all 4 tires must have the same width. For instance, if the first number is 225, the tire tread is 225 mm wide. The numbers after the slash indicate the aspect ratio, which compares the tire's section height with the tire's section width. If you're replacing only 1 tire, make sure it has the same aspect ratio as the others. For example, if there is a “50” after the slash it means the tire's section height is 50% of the tire's section width." ], "summary": [ "Understand that the next letter corresponds to the tire casing. Recognize that the next 2-digit number tells the rim diameter. Note that the last combination is the load index and speed rating.", "Find the series of numbers on the sidewall. Recognize that the first letter denotes the service type. Note that the first 3-digit number identifies the tire width. Understand that the following 2-digit number is the aspect ratio." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Install DotA", "Strategize and Play" ], "document": [ ". You can virtually purchase Warcraft III from Blizzard by visiting The Blizzard Store or by purchasing it from a retail supplier. Connect to Battle.net and create an account. You will need this to play DotA Try to make your account name distinctive and memorable. Visit Get DotA and click on \"Download\" on the \"Latest Map\" half of the screen. Save the file someplace you have access to it easily. The maps folder is located in your game's directory. net. The latest patch will automatically be downloaded when you log in.", "Choose a game from the “Custom Game” list. It should say DotA, then the version, and the various game modes. The most common game modes include: \"-ap,\" which lets you choose any hero; \"-em,\" which makes the game easier; \"-ar,\" which gives each player a random hero. If you’re just beginning, you may want to try the random hero choice for a few games so you can familiarize yourself with several of the characters. If you already have a good knowledge of one hero, you’re probably better off choosing that hero. If it is your first game, however, choose an easy hero to play, such as Skeleton King, who has the \"Reincarnation\" ability which will bring him back to life when killed. To choose a hero, click on one of the buildings you see, or ones in the opposite corner of the map, and you will see a list of all the heroes you can choose from. Select one of these or type \"–random\" to get a random hero. Start by finding what type of hero you have: Strength, Intelligence, or Agility. Generally, you can tell what kind of hero you have by looking at which stat is the highest. You can view the stats by clicking your hero and looking to the right of the unit portrait. Based on this, look through the shops, and buy items that will boost these skills. In the beginning, you should stick to the Female Human's shop or the shop nearest to the fountain, which contains the \"Boots of Speed\" item. The Boots item is absolutely essential to success, as it allows your character to move around more quickly; when in trouble this is exactly what you need. If you’re not very good, you may especially want to stock up on defensive items like Bracers. Some items when combined together make more powerful items. These combinations are called recipes. Later in the game you will start buying recipes, which are found at the other shops. To get these items, you must buy all the items listed in the description. If the recipe does not cost gold, it means that you just need to accumulate the items in the description, and you don't need to buy the recipe itself. A recipe's power is dictated by the shop it is found in. Going from weakest to strongest, these shops are: the Human Peasant shop, Orc Peon shop, Night Elf Wisp shop, and Undead Acolyte shop. As you progress you will also need to buy items that are more designed for your hero. The best way to find what these items are is to ask other players in the game. However, many players may prove to be of very little help, and might harass you until you get fed up and leave the game. The best idea is to simply ignore such people and persevere until you do not require the help of other players. Click the symbol of the Red Cross in your character's menu, look at your skills, and choose the one you think is most useful. A lane is the path where the computer controlled monsters, or creeps, will run down and attack all enemies in their path. Try to get into a lane with an ally and follow their example. You will get gold for each creep you kill, and you will automatically get gold over time. (You will get a lot more gold over time in Easy Mode than non-easy mode.) To maximize your gold, don't attack creeps constantly, watch their health gauges carefully and time the last hit to get gold. When fighting in a lane, the goal is to stay and get experience as much as possible without having to go back to your base and heal. You gain experience points by being in the vicinity of a kill, so you can stand back behind your friendly creeps and then attack the enemy creeps, while your creeps are taking all of the damage. If you end up alone in a lane, don't be afraid to ask for help. If you are inexperienced and the opponents in your lane are just too good for you, explain to your teammates that you are new, and they will probably help you. You may be able to get somebody to switch lanes with you if your lane is being pushed, or somebody may team up with you in your lane. The main problem for beginners in DotA is that they are a bit confused about what to do during team battle. There are many playing styles but these are the the most important and commonly known. Other styles will come with the gaming experience. Ganker. These types of heroes usually have with high HP (hit points) and powerful area spells. They can take a lot of hits and do a lot of damage too. A hero like Axe is one of them. Carry. These types of heroes are supposed to get killed for the team. They are usually active from the mid game to the end. These heroes have a lot of damaging spells and attacks. Heroes like Phantom Lancer are Carries. Supportive. These types of heroes are very important in a game. They support the team-mate (especially the Carry) to get kills and not to get killed. Dazzle is an example of a Supportive hero. Babysitter. This type of playing style is usually required when the Carry is having trouble getting kills. Hence, a Babysitter's duty is to help the Carry get kills until he is able to farm by him. Use your skills on heroes to weaken them, and then call for a gank, or gang kill, where your teammate(s) come from behind the enemy hero and you both attack, hopefully killing the enemy. When an enemy is killed, you pick up their gold. The towers in the lanes are very powerful; don't mess with your opponent’s towers. Instead, let your creeps damage them little by little. On the other hand, if your hero is weakened, you may be able to stay alive by staying very close to your tower. Move around a bit so that you can always stay behind the tower. As enemies approach, they’ll have to deal with the tower instead of you. If, however, 3 or more heroes or creeps are ganging your tower, move away. You may just need to go back to home base. Once you have a good amount of money from killing creeps/heroes, ask your teammates what they recommend you buy. Then go back to your base and buy that item/recipe. The right choice of items for your hero can make the difference between life and death, so don’t just buy things randomly. Different conditions call for different items. During a group fight, if your team mates are getting killed by a single hero who seems impossible to kill, you might decide to make \"Orchid\" or \"Cyclone\" or \"Hex.\" Then you'll be able to buy some time to gather all your friends around the enemy hero and tank him or her. Towards the end of the game, you’ll want to earn as much experience (from kills) as possible, so you should try to kill heroes. Of course, you should still kill creeps if you are behind everyone in levels, and if you need money. Remember, DotA is a team game—help your team in any way you can. The ultimate goal of the game is to destroy the enemy’s base and their main building (The Frozen Throne or the Tree of Life). As you destroy the enemy’s barracks, your creeps get stronger, so this should also be a priority." ], "summary": [ "Make sure you have Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, along with a Battle.net account Download the DotA map. Copy and paste the file in your maps folder. Boot up Warcraft III and log in to Battle.", "Join a game. Buy a few basic items for your hero. Upgrade your primary skill. Choose your lane. Know your position in the team battle. Avoid wasting your abilities on creeps. Use the towers to your advantage. Get advice on what to buy. Focus on killing opposing heroes as the end of the game nears. Remember the objective of the game." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Caring for a Pregnant Cat", "Caring for a Cat After Birth", "Helping the Delivery" ], "document": [ "Before you start caring for a pregnant cat, you'll want to make sure the cat is pregnant. While people can take simple urine or blood tests at home to confirm pregnancy, this option doesn't exist for cats. However, physical signs do emerge in the earliest stages of pregnancy that can clue you in that your cat may be carrying kittens. The full gestation period of a cat is around 60-70 days, so the process will move along quickly. By the third week the cat's nipples will become enlarged and pink. This is referred to as \"pinking up.\" By the fourth week, the cat will begin to gain weight, making the pregnancy visible. By around the fourth week, your vet should be able to help confirm a pregnancy. An experienced vet can feel around the cat's stomach and feel the kittens. They could also do an ultrasound to detect heartbeats. There will also be noticeable behavior changes, particularly in the final weeks. They may appear uncomfortable due to their growing abdomen and meow to seek more attention or affection. As their pregnancy moves along, they'll eat more and spend even more time than usual sleeping. You'll need to make sure your cat is getting proper nutrition for her own health, but also the growing young inside of her. By the start of the sixth week, you should be offering at least 25% more food. Also, make sure the diet is high in protein and calcium are essential to both the kittens and the mother's ability to lactate. Introduce a diet designed for kittens to your pregnant cat. These diets are rich in protein and calcium that the cat will need during this time. You should continue to feed them kitten food during their entire pregnancy and after delivery. You will not need any special vitamin or mineral mixes, as long as you are feeding them a high quality diet of kitten food. Buy a common and trusted brand to make sure it's up standards. Always make sure fresh water is available. This is just as important as any food. Although a healthy cat will rarely have problems introduced by pregnancy, it's important to make sure your cat is healthy enough for the rigors or pregnancy and birthing. Have your cat checked for routine parasites and make sure common vaccinations are up to date. Other more acute problems to look for include: Watch with concern if your pregnant cat loses interest in food. This can be an indication of a bigger problem and also cut off necessary nutrients. In some cases a cat may lose interest in food right before giving birth, but it should not last long. If your cat is acting distressed and licking her vulva area, this may an indication of a problem. This could mean there is an irritation or a problem the cat is sensing. You should have the cat examined by a vet. Look out for any abnormal, bad-smelling vaginal discharge. This can happen during labor or during pregnancy, and in all cases should be followed up by a vet. If you notice blood in your cat's urine, or they're squatting with no urine coming out, this can be a sign of uterine infection. This can be painful for your cat and affect the kittens if left untreated. If you have been tracking your cat's pregnancy since the beginning, you will have a rough approximation of when the due date is looming. However, if you aren't sure of the timeline, there are other means to recognize that labor may be near. Some of the signs include: Your cat is actively looking for secluded areas for nesting. Your cat is less active and losing appetite. A drop in body temperature. Frequent licking of belly and genital area. It is essential that your cat is comfortable and safe for the birthing process. This includes bringing them indoors so they aren't exposed to harsh elements, but also creating a safe and cozy nesting spot where they can give birth and nurse their kittens. If your cat has a current favorite bed or blankets it lays on, move them to a quiet and safe area away from busy traffic of the house. Create a nesting area. This can simply be a large cardboard box that is lined with her own bed or sheets, The mom will likely begin to situate herself in a nesting area a day or less before she is ready to give birth. If she chooses her own nesting spot outside of the one you created for her, just accommodate the spot that she chooses by making sure it's safe rather than trying to move her.", "Your cat will now need to care for her kittens. Nursing kittens will require that your cat has access to more food, sometimes as much as double, and continue wth a high protein/calcium diet. Continue to feed your cat a high protein kitten food and always provide access to clean water. The mother should use her body heat to keep the kittens warm. However, you'll also want to make sure her environment makes this as easy as possible. Keep warm blankets near her and the room temperature high. If the mother is being inattentive to the kittens, you can provide a heating pad on low to help keep the babies warm. Make sure the kittens and mom remain in a calm place where she will not feel threatened. This can cause a danger to the kittens and the mom. Your cat still may have problems after the birthing process is done. If you notice vaginal bleeding, or a prolapsed uterus (a uterus pushed out through the vagina), you should consult your vet. Also look for: Look out for atypical behavior, such as ignoring the kittens. She may reject the kittens, or if she feels in enough danger, she may even kill the litter. Keep an eye out for inflamed mammary glands. Infected glands will become enlarged, hot to the touch, and may even appear a different color. Watch for changes in appetite. If your cat is not getting enough nutrients this can endanger both her and the kittens. If an extended period goes by and your cat is unwilling to eat, take her to a vet.", "Giving birth is a very natural process for a cat and something that she is built to experience alone. Therefore, you won't need to directly intervene unless there are signs that the pregnancy is going awry. Learn the stages of birthing so you can better be equipped to know what is natural. The first stage of labor lasts about 36 hours, and will typically be shorter if the cat has previously had kittens. During this period your cat will visit her nesting spot regularly but also have intermittent contractions with signs of strain. Late in this stage, panting and scratching at the nesting area may increase. The second stage will last anywhere from five to thirty minutes for each kitten. There will be stronger contractions and each kitten will be pushed out by active straining of the mom, usually head first. The mom will break the bag and chew the cord herself for each kitten and will require no additional assistance. The third and final stage will find the mom passing a placenta membranes and mass for each kitten. The mother cat will eat the placentas so as to hide the evidence that she gave birth. The entire process should happen within four to six hours. If it lasts longer than this, you should call a vet for help. Although most deliveries happen without any problem, you'll want to know what to watch for and how to act in case of a worst case scenario. If a kitten is only partly out and the mother seems to be tired and given up on pushing, you can gently help the kitten ease out but you must be very gentle. If the mother does not bite through the cord, you can help by tying off the cord using a clean sewing thread about 3 centimeters from the kitten's body. If a mother cat does not clean a kitten you can do so by using a clean kitchen towel and gently wiping the kitten. Make sure to clear its mouth and nose of any liquid that might restrict breathing. There are complications that can happen during a pregnancy that should only be handled by a vet. If you notice any of these situations, you should immediately call a vet: If the cat is straining for longer than 30 minutes without producing anything. There could be an obstruction preventing a natural birth, putting the mother and kittens in danger. If there is a period of an hour or more between the first kitten and subsequent births. If the cat suddenly appears weak and unable to continue with labor. The presence of excessive blood during birth without a kitten. Greenish afterbirth is common, but without a kitten can be a signal for a problem. Keep an eye out for kittens who cannot be dislodged using gentle force. A Caesarean Section may be needed in these cases and a vet should be consulted." ], "summary": [ "Confirm that your cat is pregnant. Pay close attention to nutrition. Ensure proper health. Know when the time is near. Prepare for birth.", "Keep monitoring nutrition. Keep the mother cat and kitten warm. Look out for post-birth complications.", "Observe and know about the delivery process. Keep an eye out for ways to help. Be prepared to call a vet for emergencies." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Make the Exterior of the Bag", "Make the Handles", "Preliminary Steps", "Assemble the Bag", "Slightly Modified Version (for Fewer Seams)", "Make the Interior of the Bag" ], "document": [ " Flatten one corner of the bag so that the seam visually “splits” the triangle in half. Then, sew across the corner, keeping the new seam perpendicular to the existing seam (as seen below). Repeat this process on the other corner. When you flip the bag right-side-out, the corners will be blunted. Make adjustments if necessary.", "Fold the bottom edge up to the center of the strip. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/b\\/bc\\/A23a_441.JPG\\/460px-A23a_441.JPG\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/b\\/bc\\/A23a_441.JPG\\/614px-A23a_441.JPG\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":345,\"bigWidth\":\"614\",\"bigHeight\":\"461\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>Image by: Uploader<br>\\nLicense: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} Fold the top edge down to the center of the strip. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/e\\/e2\\/A23b_441.JPG\\/460px-A23b_441.JPG\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/e\\/e2\\/A23b_441.JPG\\/614px-A23b_441.JPG\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":345,\"bigWidth\":\"614\",\"bigHeight\":\"461\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>Image by: Uploader<br>\\nLicense: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} Fold the entire strip in half lengthwise and iron for a smooth finish. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/7\\/70\\/A23c_482.JPG\\/460px-A23c_482.JPG\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/7\\/70\\/A23c_482.JPG\\/614px-A23c_482.JPG\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":345,\"bigWidth\":\"614\",\"bigHeight\":\"461\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>Image by: Uploader<br>\\nLicense: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} Mark the thirds with pins. Be sure to leave plenty of excess handle hanging below the hemline on either side, as you will be rolling and sewing this in the upcoming steps. In this example, the handles are zig-zagged across the top edge and single-stitched along the sides and bottom. Choose whatever appeals to you.", " You might, for example, use a Cardboard Laptop Case as a guide for size. If not, simply measure all the way around the laptop from the hinge side to the opening and then back to the hinge (as opposed to just the top); this will be the length of the fabric. Then, measure the width of the laptop plus each side; this will be the width of the fabric. ", " This forms a roll of cloth, hiding the raw edges of both layers.", "It doesn't matter if it's not perfect because that seam will be on the inside of the bag.", "Be sure to align them carefully. Make any necessary adjustments for proper fit." ], "summary": [ "Sew the sides of the outer layer of material together, leaving the top open. Miter the corners. Turn right-side-out and test-fit.", "Fold and iron the handle strips. Measure the top of your bag and divide by 3. Place your handle ends just inside the pins. Pin the handles in place, fold the raw ends under themselves, and pin the folds into place. Top-stitch the handle ends in place.", "Select your materials. Launder and iron the fabrics to be used. Measure the laptop to be carried. Cut a layer of interfacing material the size of the smaller (inner) piece of material.", "Insert the bag interior into the bag exterior. Clip the inner layer so that it’s 2 inches (5 cm) higher than the edge of your laptop (or box, in this case). Clip the outer layer two inches (5 cm) longer than the inner layer. Fold the outer layer twice – once in and over itself and once again over the inner layer – and pin for sewing.", "Machine- or hand-sew the hole shut in the bottom of the lining.", "Layer the interfacing, batting, and inner material. Fold the quilted layer in half and sew the sides together, leaving the top open. Clip the batting and interfacing close to the seam. Miter the corners as above, sewing the mitered tips to the seam line. Test-fit by sliding your laptop into the inner layer." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Choosing a Safe Place to Surf", "Encountering a Shark", "Surfing Safely" ], "document": [ "There are the obvious spots, like near fishermen or fishing boats, where bait, injured fish, and blood and guts are plentiful and may attract sharks. Other potentially dangerous areas include: River mouths and channels. This is where food, dead animals, and fish that are flowing down-stream enter the ocean, making them great spots for sharks to hang out. Areas where sewage enters the water. The sewage attracts fish, which will attract sharks. Deep channels, near sandbars, or where the reef or sand drops off steeply. Sharks lurk in these areas to catch fish that wander out of the shallows. Where large groups of shark prey hang out. If there are seals pupping nearby or a population of other marine animals in the area, sharks may be hunting nearby and could easily confuse you with prey. If sharks have recently been sighted, there should be warnings posted on the beach - heed them. If the beach is closed, come back another day. Sharks generally feed at dawn, dusk, and night, so stick to late morning or afternoon sessions. Most shark attacks occur because the shark confused a surfer with prey. Visibility is low in cloudy water, making it more likely a shark will confuse you with a seal and attack. Water can be especially murky following storms or heavy rainfall. Rain can also stir up baitfish and attract sharks. Some sharks, especially adult great whites, tend to avoid kelp forests. Again, it's highly unlikely you will ever see a shark, but some experts believe that some sharks migrate closer to land during October, possibly to give birth. So, if you're really anxious about having a run-in with a shark, maybe wait until November to break out the wetsuit.", "Sharks are attracted to thrashing--they equate those movements with wounded prey--and can sense fear, both of which can send them into attack mode. Try to keep your wits about you so you can make smart decisions and prepare to defend yourself. If the shark is nearby and hasn't attacked, move toward the shore as swiftly and quietly as you can, using smooth, rhythmic strokes. Try to keep the shark in your sights at all times. If you notice the shark is displaying aggressive behavior (erratic movements, a hunched back, or quick turns), move as quickly as possible to a rock, nearby kelp canopy, or shore. Get it between you body and the shark and use it as a shield, protecting your front and sides. The surfboard's buoyancy can prevent a shark from dragging you deep under the water, should it attack. If the shark does attack, don't play dead. Use your surfboard as a weapon. Try to avoid using your hands if possible, since you may injure them on the shark's teeth. Aim your blows at the shark's eyes, gills, or nose. Your life depends on swift medical attention. Scream for help, send a friend to get the lifeguard and call 911, do whatever it takes to make sure help is on the way as soon as possible.", "Instead of surfing alone, surf with a buddy or a group of people. Sharks target individuals and are less likely to approach a group. Surfing with a friend increases the chances of your survival, in the unlikely event a shark attack occurs. Most shark attack fatalities are due to not getting help fast enough. A friend who can get you out of the water and notify the lifeguard could save your life. Sharks can't see colors, but they can see contrast (like a black and white swimming suit).Shiny objects may catch the light and resemble fish scales. Remove all jewelry before entering the water and stick to wetsuits and swimsuits in solid, bland colors. Yellow, orange, white, and flesh-colored suits should be avoided. If you have a high-contrast tan (areas of your exposed skin are very dark, while other areas are very white), wear a suit that covers those white areas, so you appear uniform in color. If you get injured while surfing and start to bleed, get out of the water. A little blood in the water can attract sharks from up to 1/3 of a mile away. Some experts also recommend women take a break from surfing during menstruation. Though it is unlikely sharks associate the blood discharged during menstruation with feeding, the other fluids in the discharge may arouse a shark's curiosity." ], "summary": [ "Avoid areas where sharks are likely to feed. Look for warning signs. Stay out of the water during prime hunting times. Avoid murky water. Consider surfing in areas dense with kelp. Take a break during the month of October.", "Remain calm. Get out of the water. Try to use your surfboard as a buffer. Defend yourself aggressively. Get out of the water and seek immediate medical attention if attacked.", "Surf with friends. Avoid looking like prey. Don't enter the water with any cuts or open wounds." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Making Basic Muddy Buddies", "Making Colored Muddy Buddies", "Making S'mores Muddy Buddies" ], "document": [ "You will be spreading the finished muddy buddies across this at the end, so that they can cool. Make sure that the bowl is large enough to fit the rest of the ingredients. You will be mixing everything in this bowl at the end. The chocolate won't be quite melted yet, but you still need to stir it. This will help it melt more evenly in the next few steps. Keep doing this until the chocolate mixture is smooth. There should be no lumps or clumps. Do not melt the chocolate for longer than 30 seconds at a time. Once it starts to melt, it will burn easily. If you heat it too long, it will scorch. This will help give the muddy buddies a hint of flavor. It will take about 10 to 15 minutes for them to cool. Once the cereal cools, it is ready to eat. If you notice any clumped together, gently break them apart using your fingers. Store any leftovers in an airtight container in the fridge. For some extra color, mix in 1 cup (175 grams) of M&Ms, or a similar candy, just before serving. You can even use seasonal mixes for the holidays. For example, you can use red, white, and green M&Ms for Christmas.", "You will be spreading the finished muddy buddies across this at the end, so that they can cool. If you'd like to make a multi-colored mix, you will need a separate baking sheet per color. This will be enough to make one batch of colored muddy buddies. If you'd like to make multi-colored muddy buddies, you will need a separate bowl for each color. Each bowl will get 4 cups (400 grams) of Chex cereal. If you are using more than one color, heat the candy melts in separate bowls. Plan to work with one color at a time. Candy melts are essentially colored white chocolate. You can find them in the baking section of an arts and crafts store. This will be enough for one batch of colored muddy buddies. If you are making several different colors, you will need a separate bag for each color. Each bag will get 1/3 cup (40 grams) of powdered sugar. You are using minimal powdered sugar, because if you use too much, the colors won't show as well. Try to spread the cereal as evenly as possible. If you are making other colors, spread each color across as separate baking sheet. If you don't do this, the different colors may stick together and mix. The cereal may stick together because of how little powdered sugar you used. If this happens, simply break the cereal apart. If you made multiple colors, consider mixing them all together in one bowl. Store any leftovers in an airtight container in the fridge.", "You will be spreading the finished muddy buddies across this at the end, so make sure that you have enough room. Save the remaining 1 cup (100 grams) of Golden Graham cereal for later. Keep microwaving and stirring at 30 second intervals until the mixture is smooth. There should be no lumps or clumps. If you don't have a plastic, resealable bag, use a large, plastic container with a lid in stead. You will need to shake the cereal with some powdered sugar, so make sure that whatever container you end up using has enough space for the cereal to move about. Try to spread the cereal mixture as evenly and thinly as possible. It will take about 10 to 15 minutes for them to cool. If you have any left over, put them into an airtight container, and store it in the fridge." ], "summary": [ "Cover a large baking sheet with wax paper. Pour the cereal into a large bowl, and set it aside. Microwave on high for 1 minutes, then stir using a spatula. Microwave for another 30 seconds, then stir again. Stir in the vanilla. Use a spatula to spread the coated cereal across the wax paper so that it can cool. Serve the cooled muddy buddies.", "Cover a baking sheet with wax paper. Fill a large bowl with 4 cups (400 grams) of Chex cereal. Place the candy melts in a microwave-safe bowl, and heat until melted, stirring every 30 seconds. Pour the powdered sugar into a large, resealable bag. Spread the cereal across the baking sheet using a spatula. Wait for the cereal to dry before transferring it to a bowl. Serve the colored muddy buddies.", "Cover a large baking sheet with wax paper. Fill a large bowl with 4 cups (400 grams) of Golden Graham cereal and 3 cups (300 grams) of Chex cereal. Microwave the peanut butter and chocolate for 30 seconds, then stir. Transfer the cereal mixture into a 2 gallon (7.6 liter) resealable bag. Use a spatula to spread the coated cereal across the wax paper so that it can cool. Serve the muddy buddies." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using GameRanger", "Using Garena+", "Learn about Multiplayer Host Programs" ], "document": [ "You can download the client at the GameRanger website. Run the install file once the download is complete. The client is very small, less than 1MB in size. GameRanger will automatically download and install the program updates. After it updates, it will begin downloading additional content. This may take a few moments. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/4\\/42\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-4Bullet1.jpg\\/v4-459px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-4Bullet1.jpg\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/4\\/42\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-4Bullet1.jpg\\/aid787601-v4-671px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-4Bullet1.jpg\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":121,\"bigWidth\":\"671\",\"bigHeight\":\"177\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>License: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by-nc-sa\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a><br>\\n<\\/p><p><br \\/>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} After the installation is complete, you will begin the account creation process. You will need to agree to the Terms of Service in order to continue. After agreeing to the Terms, you will be given the option to use an existing account or create a new one. If you have an invite code from a friend, you will be able to enter it after selecting Create New Account. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/2\\/2d\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet1.jpg\\/v4-460px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet1.jpg\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/2\\/2d\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet1.jpg\\/aid787601-v4-684px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet1.jpg\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":316,\"bigWidth\":\"684\",\"bigHeight\":\"470\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>License: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by-nc-sa\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a><br>\\n<\\/p><p><br \\/>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} You will need a valid email address to start an account. You will also need to create a password for your account. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/b\\/b5\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet2.jpg\\/v4-460px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet2.jpg\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/b\\/b5\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet2.jpg\\/aid787601-v4-679px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-5Bullet2.jpg\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":326,\"bigWidth\":\"679\",\"bigHeight\":\"481\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>License: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by-nc-sa\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a><br>\\n<\\/p><p><br \\/>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} You will be prompted to create a nickname. By default, it may put your first name in this box. Be sure to change it to protect your identity. GameRanger also asks for your real name. This will be visible to the public, so enter your name at your own risk. If you are offended by foul language, or children will be using the program, you may want to enable the profanity filter. This will filter profane messages in the chat windows. You can lock the profanity filter with a password. This will be in your profile and will be used to match you to the closest games possible. Once you create your account, GameRanger will send an email to the address you provided. Click the link that is provided in order to activate your account before clicking Continue in the GameRanger window. Once you have clicked the verification link, click Next to log into GameRanger. In order to join a game, you will need to tell GameRanger where your Warcraft III program is located. Click the Edit menu and select Options… In the Games tab, scroll down until you find Warcraft III. In the Location section, click Browse and navigate to your Warcraft II install if it is not already set. In the main Games list, either scroll down to Warcraft III, or select My Games from the dropdown menu and select a Warcraft III game. Each game listed is a lobby that is being hosted by another person. Try to find a game with a full Ping bar, as well as a green light signifying that it can be joined. The description of the game will say which version of the Warcraft you need to have. Most use the latest patch available. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/4\\/49\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet1.jpg\\/v4-460px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet1.jpg\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/4\\/49\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet1.jpg\\/aid787601-v4-728px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet1.jpg\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":345,\"bigWidth\":\"728\",\"bigHeight\":\"546\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>License: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by-nc-sa\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a><br>\\n<\\/p><p><br \\/>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} Games with a padlock icon will require a password to join. The host sets the password. {\"smallUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/www.wikihow.com\\/images\\/thumb\\/7\\/78\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet2.jpg\\/v4-460px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet2.jpg\",\"bigUrl\":\"\\/images\\/thumb\\/7\\/78\\/Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet2.jpg\\/aid787601-v4-728px-Play-Warcraft-Iii-Online-Without-Battle.Net-Step-11Bullet2.jpg\",\"smallWidth\":460,\"smallHeight\":345,\"bigWidth\":\"728\",\"bigHeight\":\"546\",\"licensing\":\"<div class=\\\"mw-parser-output\\\"><p>License: <a rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"external text\\\" href=\\\"https:\\/\\/creativecommons.org\\/licenses\\/by-nc-sa\\/3.0\\/\\\">Creative Commons<\\/a><br>\\n<\\/p><p><br \\/>\\n<\\/p><\\/div>\"} Once you have joined a lobby, the Host will start the game when he or she I ready. Once the game has started, Warcraft III will be launched automatically and it will automatically join the game through the LAN menu.", "You can download the client from the Garena+ website. Run the install file once the download is complete. The client installation file is about 60MB in size. Run the installer once it’s done downloading. The installer runs automatically, you just need to tell it where to install the files. The default location will work for most users. Run the program when the installation is finished. If you already have a Garena account, enter it and log in. If you need to make a new account, click the Create an Account link at the bottom of the launcher. Enter a valid email address and create a user name. Garena will check to see if the name is in use. If it is, you will have to pick another name. Use your newly-created account to log in to the Garena+ program. Log in with your username, not your email address. Your friend list will open. Click the LAN button in the friends list. This will open the Garena+ game browser. Click the Games button, and select Warcraft III from the options. This will open a list of lobbies for Warcraft III. You can select your region in the left-hand menu. Click the Menu button in the lower-left corner of the game browser. Select Settings from the menu that opens. In the Game Settings tab, scroll down to Warcraft III. Make sure that the executable is set correctly in the “Executable Settings” field. Click the gear icon to browse for your Warcraft III program files. After you’ve configured your game settings, you can join games in the lobby. Click Server List to see available games. Once you join a game, Warcraft II will automatically launch and join the game through the LAN menu.", "You can use third-party programs to emulate a LAN (Local Area Network) game. This means that you won’t be connecting to that game’s servers when you play. Most of these services require that you register an account, and some offer paid subscriptions for more options. There are several options available when it comes to online LAN options. The two most popular options are Garena+ and GameRanger. Both are free with options to pay a yearly fee for no ads and more support. Both programs support Warcraft III and its expansion packs. You will need to open specific ports in order to use these programs, which could pose a security risk. You may also run into more hackers and cheaters, as accounts that have been banned for cheating on Battle.net can access these programs without restriction." ], "summary": [ "Download the GameRanger client. Create an account. Choose a nickname. Enable your profanity filter. Select your city. Verify your email account. Add your Warcraft III game files. Find a game. Wait for the game to start.", "Download the Garena+ client. Install the program. Create an account. Log in. Find a game. Configure your game files. Join a game.", "Understand what these programs do. Find a program to download. Understand the downsides." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Sealing the Deal", "Advertising the Motorcycle", "Appraising the Cost" ], "document": [ "People who email, call, or text you asking questions that are already in the ad are likely not very serious buyers. Look for buyers who ask specific questions and seem to have a basic knowledge of motorcycles. Ensure they have cash to offer before agreeing to let them look at the bike. Beware of scams, such as people who want you to ship or deliver the bike without first paying for it. Arrange to meet potential buyers at a time that works with their schedule, which may mean rearranging your own plans. It’s a good idea to meet potential buyers in a public place, like a supermarket, rather than at your home. Choose a spot within walking distance of your home or office, or ask a friend to come along with their car, in case you make a sale. Some buyers will want to ride the bike in addition to inspecting it before they make a purchase. It’s your decision whether or not to let them, but if you agree, you’ll need to make sure they have a motorcycle license or endorsement first. They also need to wear a motorcycle helmet that’s been approved by the Department of Transportation, if you’re in the U.S. It’s a good idea to ask test-riders for collateral—holding onto a copy of their license and the amount of cash you’re asking for the bike is advised. When someone shows up to look at the bike and has the right amount of cash on hand, you can finalize the deal. Be sure to shake on it and write up a bill of sale that includes the new owner’s name and contact information. Remove the license plate and keep the registration card for the bike. Provide the new owner with the keys, the title to the motorcycle, and any other pertinent documents (like the manual or maintenance records). Be sure to let the buyer know that the deal is final, and you aren’t responsible for any issues that may arise in the future.", "In each ad or post, be sure to include the year, make, model, and mileage of the motorcycle. List the price and which methods of payment you will accept—cash is best, but you may agree to take a cashier’s check as well. Don’t forget to provide your contact information, too! Note if there are any aftermarket parts or accessories on the motorcycle. Describe the motorcycle honestly and be upfront about any issues it may have. Provide potential buyers with photos of the bike from various angles, such as each side, the front and back, and close-ups of the cluster and gauges. Be sure the photos aren’t too dark or washed-out and that the images are crisp and clear. If there’s any damage to the bike, include pictures of it so buyers have a realistic idea of what you’re offering. Advertise the bike using sites like Craigslist and eBay in addition to motorcycle-specific sites, like https://www.cycletrader.com. You can also use social media, like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter to spread the word. Ask your friends and family to share your posts to expand the audience that sees your ad. Though it may seem like an old-school route to take, many people have found that newspaper ads and paper fliers have helped them sell their bikes. Check to see if your region has a motorcycle magazine or newspaper that you can place an ad in. It’s also a good idea to make fliers and post them on bulletin boards around town, especially at parts stores and popular motorcycle meetup spots. Many motorcycle dealers will sell used bikes on consignment. Visit several motorcycle dealers in your area to determine if they offer this service. Compare the percentage the dealer takes to determine which shop will give you the most money on the sale. Once you choose a dealer, get the consignment agreement in writing. Ensure the dealer has insurance to cover the bike in the event of damage or theft.", "To get the most money for the motorcycle, you should clean and detail it before showing it to potential buyers. Clean the chain, engine, wheels, and body of the bike, including the seat. Remove scuff and boot marks, and polish up any chrome pieces to really make the bike shine. While you’re cleaning the motorcycle, take note of any damage, dents, or scratches on it. Look for leaks or other issues the motorcycle may have. Get rid of any corrosion on the battery terminals, and touch up the paint, if necessary. To get the best price, you should replace any visibly worn or broken parts. Check the National Automobile Dealers Association (NADA) website, the Kelley Blue Book (KBB) website, and the Auto Traders website to get an idea of what similar bikes sell for. You can also view ads for similar bikes on classified sites to help you determine a price. Determine the average price for a similar bike from the information on these sites. Consider the average selling price of a bike like yours, how much money you put into the bike, and if there is any existing damage or maintenance required. These things can help you decide what’s the lowest amount you’ll accept for the motorcycle. Keep in mind that aftermarket parts and modifications don’t increase the value of the bike dollar to dollar—expect to lose money on mods. To give you room to negotiate with potential buyers, list the bike for a little more than you’re willing to accept. Add a few hundred dollars to the total in order to give yourself some wiggle room. Even if the asking price is fair, some people won’t buy a bike if you refuse to come down from the initial price. For example, if your firm price is $1,500, list the bike for $1,800 and let potential buyers talk you down." ], "summary": [ "Vet potential buyers. Make time to meet with potential buyers. Allow buyers to test-ride the bike, if desired. Accept the best offer.", "Compile information for the ads. Take several photos of the bike. List the bike online if you want to sell it yourself. Place ads in the newspaper or tack up fliers to find buyers. See if a dealer will take the bike on consignment to reduce the hassle.", "Clean the bike thoroughly. Inspect the bike and make replacements, if necessary. Figure out what price similar bikes are appraised for. Determine a firm selling price. List the bike for a few hundred dollars more than your firm price." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Washing Unfinished Leather Products", "Cleaning by Hand", "Using a Washing Machine" ], "document": [ "Items with unfinished leather will have a rough-looking surface. You’ll find leather like this most commonly on items that generally have some wear and tear, such as construction boots, horse saddles, and baseball gloves. Pour a quarter-sized amount of saddle soap onto a clean, damp cloth. After you’ve worked up a good lather of soap on the surface of the leather, flush it clean with water. As per usual, avoid oversaturating the leather with water. If you notice the leather becoming waterlogged, take a short break and let it air dry for a little while to prevent damage. Your cloth might not be enough to clear crevices or bust up severe dirtiness. Be sure to use a very soft bristle brush, like one made from nylon, to protect damage to the surface of the leather. To prevent accidentally damaging the leather, before using a brush, first test it out on an inconspicuous spot of the leather first. Dampen a clean, lint-free cloth in water. Wring out excess moisture then use this cloth to wipe away any remaining soap or dirtiness. Be thorough! Leftover soap will dry out and harm the surface of your leather. Unfinished leather has a tendency to take on water a little more easily than finished leather. Because of this, you should give unfinished pieces at least eight hours to dry, or an overnight period. Pour a leather preservative, such as mink oil, onto the dried item. Using the remaining unused cloth, work a generous amount of oil onto the object, especially into any cracks and areas that look worn. The item is now ready to use.", "Hand cleaning is great for spot treating scuff marks and dirt, but it’s also an effective way of deep cleaning leather. Although if your item is expensive or made of hard leather, a professional cleaner might be the safest cleaning method. Pour a small amount of castile soap into a bowl of distilled water. Agitate the solution with your hand or a whisk to distribute the soap and create bubbles. For even better leather protection, use a soap specially formulated for cleaning leather. These kinds of soaps are available at many general retailers, hardware stores, and craft stores. If you don’t have castile soap or a specialty leather cleaner, you can use a mild soap, like dish soap, as a substitute. Always test your cleaning solution on an out of sight spot on the leather before using it to clean more visible parts. A normal dishcloth will do if you don’t have better options, but a microfiber cloth will work best. Avoid using any kind of abrasive material, like a scrubbing pad, as these may scratch leather, creating cloudiness in its finish. Generally speaking, harsh cleaners should be avoided when cleaning leather. These can cause a negative reaction the deforms the leather’s surface. Follow the grain of the leather with your cloth as you wipe. In areas where there is caked-on dirt or a tough-to-remove spot, rub using a light, circular motion to remove the debris. Avoid completely saturating the leather with water as you clean, which can damage the leather. You may want to allow the leather to dry a bit if it becomes too wet while cleaning. You should be especially careful to remove all soap when you're done, as it can dry the leather out and cause it to crack. Take a fresh lint-free rag and dampen it with clean water. Wipe all cleaned leather surfaces thoroughly. Arrange the item as it would rest normally on a hanger or suitable surface (like a chair or drying rack) until it air dries completely. Avoid exposing leather items to direct sunlight, as this can dry out the fabric and cause it to crack. This last step will restore the leather's smooth texture and keep it protected. Always follow the conditioner’s directions for the best results, but generally, buff conditioner into the fabric with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth. Over time, oil that keeps leather supple and resilient disappears from the fabric. Cleaning, especially, can leave leather brittle if you don’t replenish these oils with leather conditioner. When cleaning finished leather, avoid products such as mink oil and leather waxes. They can destroy the polish and appearance of finished leather products.", "It's important that you know from the outset: there's no guarantee that machine-washing your item won't do damage to it. Durable items, like boots or jackets, might be the best candidates for machine-washing. Don't wash leather that is brightly colored, as color may fade in the washing machine. Avoid washing leather items that have delicate seams or lots of detailing, unless you're comfortable risking damage to these features. If an item is expensive and needs to be cleaned, like a fancy pair of boots or a nice suede jacket, use a spot cleaning method or a professional cleaning service. This gentle soap is relatively easy on leather, which can be damaged by soaps that are more abrasive. Any type of castile soap will do. If you can't find it at the store, you can make your own. Castile soap is used in the same way you'd use regular laundry detergent. Add the soap to your laundry machine in the fashion your machine requires and turn the water setting to “Cold.” To prevent your leather item from taking too much of a beating during the wash cycle, you may want to throw in a few other black items to absorb some shock. Use the gentlest setting your washer has. Turn your leather item inside out, if possible, and then zip all zippers and fasten all fasteners. This process may help “flush” stains out while protecting the visible parts of the leather from damage. Keep an eye on the leather item as it washes. You’ll want to snag it from the washing machine as soon as the cycle is finished, so it doesn't get a chance to dry in there. Leather that is dried crumpled, creased, or misshapen could cause it to permanently deform in these ways. Lay it out flat or hang it up. Smooth out the wrinkles and folds that formed in the wash. In some cases, you may be able to get some additional length out of the leather by pulling in it firmly to stretch it out while it’s still wet. Be careful when stretching the leather. There’s no guarantee it won’t rip, and if it does it won’t be easy or cheap to fix. Avoid letting leather items dry directly in the sun. The sunlight can bake out important oils necessary to keep your leather supple. Hang the items to air dry out of the sun in a room. Open the windows to increase airflow and decrease dry times. Don't use a hair dryer or any type of directed heat on your leather item. If you use the dryer, make sure it's the \"low\" or \"no-heat\" setting. Leather conditioner will help restore the leather to its previous texture and protect it. Generally, conditioner is applied by being buffed into the leather with a paper towel or soft, lint-free cloth. After the conditioner is applied, the item is ready for use. If you don’t have a commercial leather conditioner, try substituting a light application of olive oil. Apply the olive oil as you would a conditioner – by lightly buffing it into the leather." ], "summary": [ "Identify unfinished leather. Remove dirt with saddle soap. Use a soft bristle brush for severe dirtiness and crevices. Wipe away remaining lather. Air dry the leather item overnight. Treat the leather.", "Hand wash leather for basic maintenance and deep cleaning. Make a soapy water solution with castile soap. Dip a soft, lint-free cloth in the cleaning solution. Wipe the leather with the cloth to remove dirtiness. Remove soap film and remaining dirtiness with a clean rag. Let the item air dry. Treat the item with leather conditioner.", "Pick an item that isn't too expensive. Buy or make castile soap. Pour ¼ cup (59 ml) of soap into the detergent dispenser. Add the leather item and wash it with a gentle cycle. Run the wash cycle. Restore the item's shape. Let the item air dry. Apply leather conditioner to the item." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Finding the Best in Your Friends", "Nurturing Your Own Self-Confidence" ], "document": [ "Even if your friends' lives seem perfect in every way, they probably aren't. If you really get to know your friends, you will find out that not everything is as it seems. They might be struggling at school or they might have a really difficult home life, and these things may be causing them to feel insecure. Don't point out all of your friends' shortcomings to them. If they are the type of people who feel the need to emphasize their superiority, they will not respond well to this kind of criticism. Instead, use this knowledge to help you better cope with your friends' behavior. Your friends may even be envious of you. Some people have a very hard time accepting that they are not the best at everything, which causes them to put successful people down. Snobs thrive off of other people's willingness to accept that they are inferior to them. If you drool over their expensive clothes or praise them excessively for their accomplishments, you're only fueling their feelings of superiority. Instead, try not to show any emotion when they start bragging. Just say, \"cool\" or \"congratulations,\" and change the subject. If your friends are genuinely more knowledgeable about a topic than you are, it's fine to be respectful of their knowledge, but if they are acting so superior that they refuse to let you contribute to the conversation, you need to stand up for yourself. Try doing your research so that you are well-informed about the topic. This will put you in a much better position to engage your friends with thoughtful commentary, and maybe even to let them know when they are wrong. If you think your friends might be willing to change their behavior, but need a bit of a wake up call first, you might want to stage an intervention, in which you sit them down and honestly talk to them about how their behavior affects you and the other people around them. You can also suggest ways that they can change. Interventions are typically used for people who are struggling with substance abuse, but they can work well in this kind of situation as well. Telling narcissistic people that they are arrogant or selfish will only cause them to become defensive, which will likely make their behavior worse. If you are going to confront your friends about their behavior, you need to do it in a nurturing, non-insulting way. Don't expect too much from this interaction. If your friends truly believe in their superiority, they are unlikely to offer you any recognition or acknowledgement. Even if they don't change, however, you can still be proud of yourself for being a good friend and trying to help them. You can stage an intervention by yourself, but if you have other friends who are also affected by the behavior, a group intervention may be even more effective. While you need to be cautious about insulting your friends' personalities, it is perfectly reasonable to let them know what kinds of behaviors you find unacceptable. Make it clear that if they don't respect the boundaries, you will walk away. If, for example, your friends tease you about your looks, tell them that you are not okay with it and will not tolerate it. The moment they begin to engage in the behavior, you should end the conversation and walk away. Many people who feel the need to put others down do so because they are afraid of being vulnerable and relying on others, not because they are completely lacking in the ability to express empathy. Help your friends feel more comfortable relying on you by praising them whenever they display empathy and by letting them know how special the friendship is to you. It may help your friends let down their walls if you can be a little vulnerable around them. Once they realize that you are not a threat to them, they might be willing to expose their own insecurities. Try having a conversation with them about your fears and encourage them to contribute.", "If your friends are making you feel jealous or inadequate, it's important to take a moment to consider how trivial status can be. People outside of your small circle of friends are unlikely to attribute much meaning at all to your friends' elevated statuses. Remind yourself that your friends' superiority is entirely in their own heads. Even if your friends are prettier, wealthier, or smarter than you, try being grateful for the natural advantages that you possess instead of being jealous of what they have. It's important to let go of the childish notion that everything in life needs to be fair. Chances are you can do at least one thing better than your friends. No matter what this thing is, embrace it and do your very best. The point is not to prove to your friends that you are better than them, but rather to prove to yourself that you are worthy and unique. Instead of comparing yourself to your friends and trying to be as good as them, focus on constantly becoming a better version of yourself. Keep in mind that your friends' success is not in any way related to your own, so their achievements should never take away from yours. If your friends truly believe they are better than you, they will never recognize your accomplishments, even if you succeed in outdoing them. This is why it's so important to recognize your own accomplishments. Try not to think about what your friends will think about every little decision you make in your life. Chances are, they will put you down whether you try to accommodate them or not, so don't worry about it. Do what makes you happy and don't worry about getting anyone else's approval. If your friends are abusive, deceptive, or in denial about their behavior, it's probably time to end the friendships. You can do so much better, and you will be much happier with friends who treat you well." ], "summary": [ "Don't fall for the image. Act unimpressed. Stage an intervention. Set boundaries. Encourage empathy.", "Think about the triviality of status. Find what you excel at. Put your own needs first. Leave when it's appropriate." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Creating a Realistic Physical Card", "Designing Functional Characteristics", "Creating a Card Online" ], "document": [ "Pokemon cards are 2 separate cards glued together, a front and a back. Remove them, and keep the back for later. Upload the file to an image editor, preferably one that can support layers, such as Paintshop pro, GIMP 2 or Photoshop. There are many image creating software that allow you to both create and edit. Some must be purchased, like Photoshop, and some are free, like GIMP. There are also websites that specifically cater to creating Pokemon imagery. If you use a website, simply follow the directions given. Search keywords like “Pokemon Card Resources” or simply use a real card as your template. Recreate the Pokémon card template using the tools of the image software. Recreate the border, edit your Pokémon picture, write text for HP, moveset, and any other things that are necessary to get an authentic look. When creating your text it is important to choose the right fonts as they appear on official cards. Search for Pokémon fonts online but keep in mind that some sites may require you to purchase their fonts. Choose a file name that’s easy to remember and file type. Go to the top menu and click 'export' to export the card to a pdf and save it as a JPEG or PNG. Open the PDF file with a Word Processor (ex. Microsoft Word) and resize it to match that of an authentic card (6.3 in width and 8.8 cm in height). Once you've resized it, remember the pixels of the card that you printed, so you can make a back. Make sure to use high quality color ink for best results. You should also consider the cardboard you are going to use. White cardstock works well. Keep in mind the texture of the card. Be careful not to create jagged or slanted edges. Use the back of the card that you saved to ensure that the size matches up. Glue it to the back of an existing card for rigidity. Apply a transparent tape on the cards to give it a glossy feel Glue it on with a strong glue such as rubber cement. Use the back of an existing card that you preferably do not care for such as a weak double.", "It’s important to come up with a name that represents your Pokémon well. Use the official Pokémon font that can be found using a quick online search. The stronger your Pokémon is, the higher the HP level. You can also be hit more often with a high HP number. How much health your Pokémon will have depends on its type. For example, water types tend to have high health. Additionally, Stage 1 or Stage 2 evolutions will have more health than previous evolutions. Below the image, add 2 or 3 types of attacks. When attacking your opponent, you need to develop a strategy so choose your moves wisely. As with health, the damage your attacks do is based on the Pokémon's type and evolutionary stage. Different types also have different effects (ie. electric types often have coin flips in their attacks, and fire types commonly make you detach energy to attack). For example, when attacking, you could say, \"Quick Attack, hit!\" If your opponent does not say dodge before you say hit, than your opponent loses however many damage counters the move has. Sometimes, if a Pokémon is very weak to a type of pokemon, you can retreat. Other times, when your opponent is very weak to a certain type of pokemon, and the move has a boost in attack. Keep in mind that you can also use potions, trainer cards and supporter cards together with your moves. Those cards count as one turn. Directly to the right, create how many damage counters the attack move has. Whenever attacking, make sure to check for special conditions. Next to the attacks will be the damage it produces and under will also be either the status it changes to (ex.sleep poison stunned), or instructions to flip a coin to do more damage, depending on heads or tails. On the left side will be the attacks attribute. Attack attributes often put the defending Pokémon to sleep or continue to deal damage. Before starting a battle, always make sure to check weakness and resistance. The Pokedex number is the order assigned by the International Pokédex. It gives a brief history and characteristics of your Pokemon For example, mushroom pokemon, tiny mouse pokemon, or destruction Pokémon are all valid types. Also, include the height and weight below the image to help distinguish your type. When trading and selling cards, you can find out if it is rare, when you look at the bottom right corner. There will be either a circle meaning not rare, a rhombus meaning uncommon, a star meaning rare, and a shining star meaning very rare. You will find two numbers that indicate how rare a card is. The higher the number the better. If you find a card that looks something like this, (109\\108) that means that you have a rare card. Pokémon cards will list something about the pokemon. For example, \"Because it is very proud, it hates accepting food from people. Its thick fur guards it from stuns. The illustrator weakness resistance and retreat cost should also located at the bottom of your card. Some cards are rare Holofoil or collectable cards, and usually have a shiny texture. So if you decide to mimic this feature, use glossy material. There are several different types of cards. There are full Art Cards, Holofoils, Reverse Holos, and Old School cards. Old School cards are older cards. They often have different art styles, or red HP. If you are not sure, check the bottom of the card for the date. You cannot buy these cards in stores.", "Search keywords “Pokémon card maker” and you should find many online generators. Two popular sites are mypokecard.com or pokecard.net. If you’re going for realism, search for an animated image with the same characteristics as real Pokemon, like sharp edges and bold colors. If you want a funny card or something unique, you can use a photo of yourself or scary animal. Once you’ve chosen your image, upload it onto the site. Choose an image that goes with the type of Pokémon that you’re creating. For example, you might choose a water or fire type, in which case you should make sure the image you choose fits the type. So if you have a photo of an animal shooting water from its mouth, don`t choose fire type. The evolution stage is similar to giving your Pokemon’s age. If it's basic then it’s a kid, if it’s stage 1 then it’s a teen, and if it’s stage 2 then it is an adult. If choosing a name is difficult, think about what your Pokémon represents. Is it funny? Is it powerful? Is it scary? You can name it after its move like “Firebreather” or “Lightning Strike” Each Pokémon has a set of special characteristics and a card maker site will prompt you with what to fill out. This is what makes up your Pokémon and should be fun. Think about the type moves and and weaknesses your card should have. Put in its attacks, fill out the author statement, and the weaknesses of the Pokemon." ], "summary": [ "Separate an authentic Pokemon card. Scan a real card to create an image file. Download an image creating software. Obtain all of the components of a real Pokemon card and combine them using the software. Edit your text. Save your work! Resize your image. Print out the card. Cut it to the precise shape and glue on the back of the card.", "Put the Pokémon's name at the very top. Place your Pokémon’s HP number at the top right corner. List your Pokémon’s moves below the image. Place the damage counters next to the attacks. Create a small line going across for the Pokedex number. Give the type of Pokémon under the image. Indicate how rare and important your card is. Place a card number near the bottom left. Write a character description at the very bottom of your card. Emphasize texture.", "Search for a Pokémon card maker site. Find an image for your Pokémon card. Choose an evolution stage. Select the name for your Pokemon. Fill in special characteristics." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Using Coconut Oil as Conditioner", "Making a Hair Mask" ], "document": [ "Look on the labels for a coconut oil product that is cold-pressed or expeller-pressed, as these processes extract oil from coconut flakes without any chemicals. Avoid hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils. Jars of coconut oil are available in most grocery stores in the cooking/baking aisle near other cooking oils, or in the health food aisle. For best results, use coconut oil as a conditioner 1-2 times a week. Soon, you should notice a difference in the quality and strength of your hair. Because the coconut oil needs to set in your hair for at least thirty minutes in order to be effective, it's best to make sure you'll have enough time for the treatment before you begin. Use coconut oil when you know you'll have at least half an hour and up to overnight to leave it in your hair. At room temperature, the oil will be a white, solid material. Use your fingers or a spoon to remove a small clump of oil. Aim for about 1 tablespoon (15 ml) (15 grams) for longer hair, and ½ tablespoon (7 grams) for shorter cuts. Place the oil in a heat resistant container. Place your container of coconut oil in the microwave and cook on high for 30 seconds, or until the coconut oil has turned from a white solid to a clear liquid. Let the container sit for a minute, or until it is cool enough to handle. First, divide your hair into 4 parts, and then split up these parts into ½ - 1 inch (1.5-2.5 cm) wide sections. Use hair clips to help keep these sections apart. It doesn't matter whether your hair is wet or dry for the steps that follow. Coat your fingers in the melted coconut oil. Then, starting at the roots of your hair, and moving all the way to the bottom of your strands, massage the oil into the different sections of your hair. Continue rubbing the oil into your hair until all of the oil is absorbed. This will allow the oil to absorb into your hair. While 30 minutes is the minimum recommended amount of time, leaving the oil in for 2 hours or more is ideal. You can also leave the oil in your hair overnight. If you are going to leave the oil in your hair overnight, place a towel over your pillow, and wear a shower cap to avoid making a mess. After the oil has set in your hair, wash your hair thoroughly. Use a natural shampoo that foams easily; you'll want maximum suds to help cleanse the oil. When you're finished, style your hair as usual. You might need to shampoo your hair 2-3 times to make sure you've washed all of the oil from your hair. Use a clarifying shampoo if your regular shampoo doesn't work. There is no need to use regular conditioner after you wash with shampoo. The coconut oil will have already done the job!", "The coconut oil hair mask should be used once in a while as a rejuvenating treatment to restore dry or damaged hair. If your hair is especially dry and damaged, you can do this treatment multiple times a month, but no more than once a week, or else your hair will become greasy. Put 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (15 grams) of oil in a small, heat-proof bowl and melt it in the microwave. Cook on high for about 30 seconds, or until the oil has liquified. Wait a minute for the oil to cool before proceeding to the next step. Mix 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (15 grams) of both honey and apple cider vinegar with the melted oil. It's fine if the oil appears a bit separated from the other ingredients - just be sure they are combined enough so that each spoonful of your mixture appears somewhat uniform. It's best to use organic honey and vinegar products. Comb your hair into 4 parts, and then split up these parts into ½ - 1 inch (1.5-2.5 cm) wide sections. Secure these sections with hair clips or ties. It doesn't matter whether your hair is wet or dry. If you don't have a hair coloring brush, a clean pastry brush or paint brush will also do the trick. Use the brush to coat each section of hair with the mask, and then massage the mask into your hair with your fingers. Once all of the coconut oil is absorbed, gather your hair into a high bun to keep it out of the way. Smooth back all loose strands, and secure with an elastic band or a large claw clip. If you want, you can put a shower cap over your hair to keep your oily bun from coming into contact with your skin. The mask works best when it can set for a couple of hours. The drier your hair is, the longer you should leave in the mask. You should not leave the mask in overnight. As with the oil conditioner, you might need to shampoo your hair 2-3 times to make sure you've washed all of the mask from your hair, or you can use a clarifying shampoo. When you're finished, style your hair as usual." ], "summary": [ "Select an organic, unrefined extra virgin coconut oil. Apply once or twice a week. Give yourself at least 30 minutes for your conditioning treatment. Scoop a small amount of coconut oil from the jar. Melt the coconut oil. Use a comb to divide your hair into sections. Use your fingers to massage coconut oil into your hair. Let the oil set in your hair for at least 30 minutes. Use shampoo to remove the oil from your hair.", "Apply the hair mask about once a month. Melt the coconut oil. Combine honey and apple cider vinegar to the melted oil. Divide your hair into sections. Apply the hair mask to your hair with a hair coloring brush. Pull your hair back away from your face. Let the mask sit on your hair for at least 15 minutes. Use shampoo to remove the mask from your hair." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Banning Someone from a Channel", "Removing Someone from a Group Message" ], "document": [ "You can use any browser, such as Firefox or Safari, to access Discord. If you haven’t signed in, click the Login button at the top-right corner of the screen, type your account information, then click Login. Servers are listed along the left side of the screen. Channels appear in the main panel. Now you should see the chat channel and a list of its members along the right side of the screen. A pop-up menu will appear. A pop-up message will appear. The user can no longer join the channel.", "You can use any browser, such as Firefox or Safari, to access Discord. Though there’s no real way to “ban” someone from a direct message, you can remove them from the group. Once banned, they’ll no longer be a part of the conversation. If you haven’t signed in, click the Login button at the top-right corner of the screen, type your account information, then click Login. All of your direct messages, including those with multiple people (group chats), appear under the “Direct Messages” heading. You’ll find in the second column, near the left side of the screen. It’s near the top-right corner of the screen and looks like two overlapping people. It’s to the right of the pushpin icon. A list of people in the group will appear. A pop-up menu will appear. This person will no longer be a part of this group conversation." ], "summary": [ "Navigate to https://www.discordapp.com. Select the server that hosts the channel. Select a channel. Click the user you want to ban. Click Ban (username). Click Ban to confirm.", "Navigate to https://www.discordapp.com. Select the group message. Click the members icon. Click the person you want to remove. Click Remove from Group." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }

{ "section_name": [ "Fixing a Broken Plug", "Fixing the Cable", "Fixing the Earpiece", "Finding the Problem" ], "document": [ "Typically, you'll find a red wire for the right earpiece, a white (or green) wire for the left earpiece, and one or two black or bare copper wires for the \"ground\" wire(s).", "To figure out where the break in the wires is, wear the headphones and turn on audio, then bend the cable to a right angle across the tip of your thumb. Slide your thumb along the length of the cable. When the sound crackles or cuts in and out, you have found the problem. If the problem is near the plug, see the next part for repair instructions. Otherwise, continue to the next step. Use a piece of tape or a Sharpie to mark the site of the break. If you already found the problem with a multimeter, skip this step.", "Unlike wire or jack issues in standard in-ear headphones, earpiece problems tend to be fairly complicated. Unless you can't afford a proper repair, it's almost always better to take your headphones into a repair service to have a professional diagnose and fix them.", "Depending on the repair you end up needing to perform, you'll need to have (and know how to use) most of the following tools: Soldering iron and solder Knife or scissors Shrink tubing Wire strippers Multimeter" ], "summary": [ "Sort the wires by color.", "Test the cable.", "Understand that this is unlikely to work.", "Know which tools you'll need." ] }

{ "section_name": [ "Making a Castile Soap Face Wash", "Making a Single-Ingredient Face Wash" ], "document": [ "You can use an old face wash bottle, a mason jar, or even an empty bottle. Whatever you choose to use, make sure that it is clean and that it has a lid or cap you can close tightly. You will need a ¼ cup (56.25 milliliters) of liquid Castile soap. Make sure that it is uncolored and unscented. Any dyes or scents may irritate your skin. Chamomile tea has anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce redness. If you wish to use chamomile tea in your face wash, brew a cup of chamomile tea and measure out a ¼ cup (56.25 milliliters). Let the tea cool before adding it to the container. For a more moisturizing cleanser, use raw honey instead. You will need a ¼ cup (56.25 milliliters). Make sure that it is the runny, translucent sort. You will need a ¾ teaspoon of natural oil. Here are the types of oil you can use: avocado, coconut, grapeseed, hazelnut, jojoba, olive oil, sunflower oil, or sweet almond. Essential oils can not only make your face wash smell nice, but some oils can be beneficial to certain skin types. You will need about 8 drops of essential oil. Here are some suggestions: If you have oily skin, use tea tree oil or any of the following essential oils: bergamot, geranium, or lemongrass. If you have dry skin, consider any of the following essential oils: chamomile, lavender, rose, or sandalwood. If you have mature skin, use any of the following essential oils: geranium, jasmine, lavender, or neroli. Make sure that you are not allergic to the essential oil before adding it to your face wash. If you are not sure if you are allergic to the oil, place a few drops of diluted oil on the inside of your elbow and wait a few hours. If no rash or irritation develops, you can use the oil. You will only need a few drops. It will help moisturize and nourish your skin. Do this for a few minutes until everything is combined. You can use this face wash as you would any other face wash. Because you have used some shippable ingredients, such as chamomile tea and honey, however, you will need to store it in the fridge so that it does not expire.", "Dampen your face with warm water. Pour some raw honey onto your fingers and gently massage the honey into your face, avoiding the areas around the eyes and mouth. Rinse the honey off using warm water and pat your face dry with a clean towel. For a deeper clean, allow the honey to sit on your face for 5 to 10 minutes. Create a mixture of oils based on your skin type. Gently massage the oil mixture into your face, avoiding the areas around the eyes and mouth. Place a warm, damp towel on your face, and leave it there for one minute. Take the towel off and repeat it with the other side. You will have a little bit of oil on your face, which is good, but you can wash it off with warm water if it is bothersome. Here are a few oil mixtures to try: If you have oily skin, use 1 part castor oil or hazelnut oil and 2 parts olive oil or sunflower oil. If you have combination skin, use 1 part castor oil or hazelnut oil and 3 parts olive oil or sunflower oil. If you have dry skin, use pure olive oil, sunflower oil, or coconut oil. You may add a drop or two of castor oil or hazelnut oil. Apple cider vinegar is a natural antiseptic, which makes it a great cleanser and toner. Be sure to use unfiltered apple cider vinegar to get all of the benefits. Unfortunately, apple cider vinegar is acidic so you will need to dilute it with some water. Once you have diluted the vinegar, you can use it as a cleaner and toner by dampening a cotton ball with it and wiping your face with the cotton ball. Avoid sensitive areas such as the eyes, nose, and mouth. Here are the proportions you will need, based on your skin type: If you have oily skin, use 1 part apple cider vinegar and 1 part water. If you have normal skin, use 1 part apple cider vinegar and 2 parts water. If you have sensitive skin, use 1 part apple cider vinegar and 4 parts water. Be sure to do a patch test on the inside of your elbow before using the vinegar-water mixture on your entire face. If you get an allergic reaction, do not use this face wash." ], "summary": [ "Find a suitable container for your face wash. Pour some liquid Castile soap into the container. Consider adding chamomile tea to your face wash. Consider adding some honey to your face wash. Add the oil. Consider adding some essential oil. Consider adding some vitamin E oil. Close the container tightly and shake it. Use and store your face wash.", "Use raw honey to wash and moisturize your face. Use oils to clean your face and makeup. Make a face wash and toner using apple cider vinegar and water." ] }

{ "section_name": [], "document": [], "summary": [] }