esa-sceva/satcom-mcqa huggingface dataset:
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  Antenna gain increases when the effective area of the antenna is:
Option 1: Decreased
Option 2: Increased
Option 3: Constant
Option 4: None of these
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  As BER improves from10^-2 to 10^-4 error rate changes by factor:
Option 1: 10x
Option 2: 50x
Option 3: 100x
Option 4: 500x
Answer: Option 3
Topic: BER
Question:  BER can be reduced by:
Option 1: Increasing bandwidth
Option 2: Decreasing transmit power
Option 3: Using error correction
Option 4: Decreasing frequency
Option 5: Reducing antenna size
Answer: Option 3
Topic: BER
Question:  BER is typically tested using:
Option 1: Practical transmission only
Option 2: Simulation and tests
Option 3: Hardware only
Option 4: Software algorithms only
Option 5: Theoretical data only
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  BER performance is plotted against:
Option 1: Frequency
Option 2: SNR or Eb/N0
Option 3: Latency
Option 4: Bandwidth
Option 5: Power
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Carrier-to-noise ratio
Question:  Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR) measures:
Option 1: Power ratio of signal to noise
Option 2: Frequency difference
Option 3: Signal delay
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Carrier-to-noise ratio
Question:  CNR is often expressed in:
Option 1: Watts
Option 2: dBm
Option 3: dB
Option 4: Percent
Option 5: Hertz
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  For BPSK in AWGN, BER decreases when:
Option 1: SNR decreases
Option 2: BER is independent of SNR
Option 3: SNR increases
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Carrier-to-noise ratio
Question:  Higher CNR typically means:
Option 1: Better signal quality
Option 2: More noise
Option 3: Lower signal power
Option 4: Higher latency
Option 5: Less bandwidth
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  Higher frequencies in the mmWave band result in
Option 1: Lower path loss
Option 2: Higher attenuation
Option 3: No attenuation
Option 4: Higher antenna gain
Answer: Option 2
Topic: SNR
Question:  How does averaging multiple signal samples affect SNR?
Option 1: Decreases SNR
Option 2: Increases SNR
Option 3: No effect
Option 4: Converts noise to signal
Option 5: Inverts signal polarity
Answer: Option 2
Topic: NTN
Question:  How does NTN improve 5G coverage?
Option 1: By providing additional fiber optic links
Option 2: Through integration of satellite and airborne nodes
Option 3: Only by deploying more cell towers
Option 4: By increasing base station power
Option 5: By using WiFi hotspots
Answer: Option 2
Topic: SNR
Question:  How is SNR related to bit error rate (BER) in digital communications?
Option 1: Higher SNR means higher BER
Option 2: Higher SNR means lower BER
Option 3: SNR does not affect BER
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  If antenna gain doubles, received power will
Option 1: Double
Option 2: Increase by 3 dB
Option 3: Increase by 6 dB
Option 4: Remain same
Option 5: Decrease
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  If the noise temperature increases, the noise power will
Option 1: Increase
Option 2: Decrease
Option 3: Remain constant
Option 4: Become zero
Option 5: Be negligible
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  If transmitter power is 1 watt, its equivalent in dBm is
Option 1: 0 dBm
Option 2: 20 dBm
Option 3: 30 dBm
Answer: Option 3
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  In 5G NTN, what does NTN stand for?
Option 1: Network Time Node
Option 2: Non-Terrestrial Network
Option 3: New Terrestrial Node
Option 4: Network Telemetry Node
Answer: Option 2
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  In 5G NTN, what does UE stand for?
Option 1: Universal Endpoint
Option 2: User Equipment
Option 3: Unit Equipment
Answer: Option 2
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  In 5G NTN, what is a feeder link?
Option 1: User to satellite
Option 2: Gateway to satellite
Option 3: Satellite to satellite
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  In a noisy channel, BER is influenced by:
Option 1: Temperature only
Option 2: Bandwidth only
Option 3: Noise variance
Option 4: Antenna gain
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  In link budget analysis, a fading margin of 10 dB means
Option 1: 10 dB power surplus to handle signal fading
Option 2: 10 dB loss due to equipment
Option 3: 10 dB extra antenna gain
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  In link budget terminology, what does G/T represent?
Option 1: Antenna gain / Temperature ratio
Option 2: Geographical terrain
Option 3: Gain to transmission
Option 4: Gain over time
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Non-Terrestrial Networks
Question:  In NTN, which parameter is critical to maintain link quality due to satellite movement?
Option 1: Doppler shift
Option 2: Transmission power
Option 3: Antenna size
Answer: Option 1
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  In the context of delay, which has the highest round-trip latency?
Option 1: LEO
Option 2: MEO
Option 3: GEO
Option 4: VLEO
Answer: Option 3
Topic: BER
Question:  In wireless, fading results in:
Option 1: Lower BER
Option 2: Higher BER
Option 3: No effect
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Carrier-to-noise ratio
Question:  Increasing noise power while signal power remains constant will:
Option 1: Increase CNR
Option 2: Decrease CNR
Option 3: No change
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  Increasing SNR by 3 dB typically changes BER by:
Option 1: Double
Option 2: Half
Option 3: No change
Option 4: Triple
Option 5: Quarter
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Onboard processing
Question:  On-board processing allows satellites to
Option 1: Process data before sending it to Earth
Option 2: Only capture images
Option 3: Work without ground control
Option 4: Transmit data without antennas
Option 5: Operate without power
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Onboard processing
Question:  On-board processing can help in
Option 1: Filtering out unusable data before transmission
Option 2: Increasing the number of satellites
Option 3: Faster satellite launches
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Satellite bus
Question:  Satellite buses are generally classified by
Option 1: Orbit altitude
Option 2: Mass and power capacity
Option 3: Earth region coverage
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  Satellite user terminals must compensate for Doppler shift in
Option 1: GEO satellites only
Option 2: LEO satellites only
Option 3: All satellite types
Answer: Option 4
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The beamwidth of an antenna is inversely proportional to
Option 1: Signal frequency
Option 2: Antenna size
Option 3: Both frequency and size
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The link budget can help in predicting all except
Option 1: Equipment weight and size
Option 2: Prime power requirements
Option 3: Maximum antenna size
Option 4: Technical risk
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The link budget must be ______ than the receiver sensitivity for successful communication
Option 1: Greater
Option 2: Smaller
Option 3: Equal
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The main advantage of using dB units in link budget calculations is
Option 1: Easier multiplication
Option 2: Easier addition and subtraction
Option 3: More accuracy
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The noise figure of a receiver quantifies
Option 1: Receiver gain
Option 2: Noise factor of receiver
Option 3: Signal attenuation
Option 4: Power output
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The noise power is proportional to
Option 1: Temperature only
Option 2: Bandwidth only
Option 3: Temperature and bandwidth
Option 4: None of these
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  The term "fading margin" in link budget means
Option 1: Extra power to overcome fading
Option 2: Power loss due to rain
Option 3: Antenna gain loss
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  User terminals generally use which kind of antenna for mobility?
Option 1: Parabolic dish
Option 2: Phased array
Option 3: Yagi-Uda
Option 4: Dipole
Option 5: Omnidirectional
Answer: Option 2
Topic: NTN
Question:  What aspect distinguishes NTN from traditional terrestrial networks?
Option 1: Use of fiber optics
Option 2: Utilization of space-based or airborne platforms
Option 3: Use of conventional cell towers
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite bus
Question:  What aspect of a satellite bus affects its ability to maintain orientation?
Option 1: Thermal control
Option 2: Attitude control subsystem
Option 3: Communication system
Option 4: Power generation
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What causes the fading margin to be included in link budgets?
Option 1: To compensate for signal variations
Option 2: To increase noise figure
Option 3: To improve transmit power
Option 4: To reduce interference
Option 5: To improve bandwidth
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What characterizes line of sight (LOS) communication?
Option 1: Obstructed path
Option 2: Direct, unobstructed path
Option 3: Multiple reflections
Option 4: High attenuation
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What does "fade margin" help overcome in a wireless link?
Option 1: Interference
Option 2: Weather and multi-path fading
Option 3: Cable loss
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What does a link budget calculate?
Option 1: Useful signal power only
Option 2: Interfering noise power only
Option 3: Useful signal & interfering noise power
Answer: Option 3
Topic: TT&C
Question: What does satellite's tracking mean?
Option 1: Monitoring satellite speed
Option 2: Determining the satellite's exact location
Option 3: Sending commands to satellite
Option 4: Data encryption
Option 5: Signal modulation
Answer: Option 2
Topic: TT&C
Question: Which of the following operations is a direct example of the "Command" function within a satellite's TT&C subsystem?
Option 1: Measuring the frequency shift of a radio signal to calculate the satellite's orbital velocity.
Option 2: Receiving continuous data regarding the operating temperature of the satellite's solar panels.
Option 3: Transmitting a software patch from the ground station to update the spacecraft's onboard computer.
Option 4: Encrypting user payload data before it is broadcasted back to Earth.
Option 5: Signal modulation
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What does EIRP stand for?
Option 1: Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
Option 2: Electrical Input Radiation Power
Option 3: Equivalent Isotropic Radiation Power
Option 4: Energy Isotropic Radiated Power
Option 5: None of the above
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Non-Terrestrial Networks
Question:  What does Non-Terrestrial Network primarily refer to?
Option 1: Underwater networks
Option 2: Satellite and airborne communication systems
Option 3: Fiber optic networks
Option 4: Cellular tower communication
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Signal-to-noise ratio
Question:  What does signal to noise ratio (SNR) represent?
Option 1: Ratio of noise power to signal power
Option 2: Ratio of signal power to noise power
Option 3: Ratio of signal frequency to noise frequency
Option 4: Ratio of signal amplitude to power
Option 5: Ratio of noise voltage to signal voltage
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Non-Terrestrial Networks
Question:  What does the acronym NTN stand for in telecom context?
Option 1: Network Throughput Node
Option 2: Near-Terrestrial Network
Option 3: Non-Terrestrial Network
Option 4: Node Transport Network
Option 5: Narrowband Transmission Network
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite bus
Question:  What does the Command and Data Handling subsystem in the bus control?
Option 1: Only payload commands
Option 2: Data processing, telemetry, and commands
Option 3: Power regulation
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite bus
Question:  What does the term 'bus capacity' mean in satellite design?
Option 1: Payload mass limit
Option 2: Maximum power generation and storage
Option 3: Communication bandwidth
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What does the term "fade margin" ensure?
Option 1: Power surplus to handle fading
Option 2: Avoids interference
Option 3: Maximizes antenna gain
Option 4: Reduces noise figure
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Satellite gateway
Question:  What does uplink refer to in satellite gateway communication?
Option 1: Transmission from satellite to Earth
Option 2: Transmission from Earth to satellite
Option 3: Signal processing
Option 4: Satellite tracking
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Non-Terrestrial Networks
Question:  What frequency bands are often used in Non-Terrestrial Networks?
Option 1: Ultra High Frequency (UHF) only
Option 2: VHF and below
Option 3: Ku, Ka, and S bands
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  What frequency bands are typically used by satellite user terminals?
Option 1: L, S, C, Ku bands
Option 2: VHF only
Option 3: Infrared only
Option 4: X-band only
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Signal-to-noise ratio
Question:  What happens to a signal if SNR is less than 1?
Option 1: Signal is stronger than noise
Option 2: Signal is weaker than noise
Option 3: Signal is unaffected
Option 4: Noise is eliminated
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What happens to link budget requirements in non-line-of-sight conditions?
Option 1: Requirements decrease
Option 2: Requirements increase
Option 3: No effect
Option 4: Antenna gain suffices
Option 5: Only noise changes
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite Bandwidth
Question:  What happens to satellite bandwidth if the modulation order increases?
Option 1: It increases
Option 2: It decreases
Option 3: It remains same
Option 4: It varies randomly
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What happens when antenna's beamwidth narrows?
Option 1: Gain decreases
Option 2: Gain increases
Option 3: Frequency decreases
Option 4: Power decreases
Option 5: Noise increases
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  What is a common BER target for cellular systems?
Option 1: 10^-1
Option 2: 10^-2
Option 3: 10^-3
Option 4: 10^-6
Option 5: 10^-9
Answer: Option 4
Topic: Non-Terrestrial Networks
Question:  What is a key advantage of LEO satellites in NTN?
Option 1: Higher latency
Option 2: Lower propagation delay
Option 3: Fixed position relative to Earth
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Onboard processing
Question:  What is a key challenge in implementing on-board processing?
Option 1: Limited bandwidth on Earth
Option 2: Radiation tolerance of processors
Option 3: Too much ground station coverage
Option 4: Excessive storage space
Option 5: No network delay
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Uplink
Question:  What is a major challenge in uplink transmission?
Option 1: Low power
Option 2: Interference and path loss
Option 3: High bandwidth
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite broadcasting
Question:  What is a transponder in the context of satellite broadcasting?
Option 1: A ground station antenna
Option 2: A device that receives, amplifies, and retransmits signals
Option 3: Data encryption module
Option 4: User receiver
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite Bandwidth
Question:  What is meant by 'symbol rate' in satellite communications?
Option 1: Number of bits per second
Option 2: Number of symbols transmitted per second
Option 3: Number of satellites used
Option 4: Satellite spin rate
Option 5: Signal wavelength
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Uplink
Question:  What is meant by 'uplink' in satellite communication?
Option 1: Transmission from satellite to ground station
Option 2: Transmission from ground station to satellite
Option 3: Satellite tracking
Option 4: Signal processing
Option 5: Orbit correction
Answer: Option 2
Topic: TCP over satellite
Question:  What is often a bottleneck in TCP over satellite links?
Option 1: Propagation delay
Option 2: Data rate
Option 3: Packet size
Option 4: Error rate
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Satellite Bandwidth
Question:  What is satellite bandwidth primarily used for?
Option 1: Power transmission
Option 2: Data transmission capacity
Option 3: Satellite positioning
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite broadcasting
Question:  What is the common polarization used in satellite broadcasting to reduce interference?
Option 1: Circular
Option 2: Linear vertical
Option 3: Linear horizontal
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the effect of increasing bandwidth on noise power?
Option 1: Noise power decreases
Option 2: Noise power increases
Option 3: Noise power remains same
Option 4: Noise power fluctuates randomly
Option 5: Noise power is zero
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the effect of rain on the link budget?
Option 1: Increases signal power
Option 2: Causes attenuation
Option 3: Increases antenna gain
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite gateway
Question:  What is the latency effect of a satellite gateway in GEO satellite networks?
Option 1: Negligible
Option 2: Significant due to distance
Option 3: Instantaneous
Option 4: Random
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite broadcasting
Question:  What is the main advantage of satellite broadcasting over terrestrial broadcasting?
Option 1: Lower cost
Option 2: Larger coverage area
Option 3: Lower latency
Option 4: Higher security
Answer: Option 2
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  What is the main benefit of 5G NTN for ships at sea?
Option 1: High spectrum
Option 2: Low power
Option 3: Extended coverage
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  What is the main function of a satellite user terminal?
Option 1: Transmit signals to the satellite only
Option 2: Receive signals from the satellite only
Option 3: Interface the end user to the satellite network
Option 4: Control satellite orbit
Option 5: Provide power to the satellite
Answer: Option 3
Topic: NTN
Question:  What is the main limitation of GEO satellites for NTN?
Option 1: Limited coverage
Option 2: High latency due to distance
Option 3: Complex Doppler shift
Option 4: High power requirement
Option 5: Small antenna gain
Answer: Option 2
Topic: BER
Question:  What is the main metric in BER performance curves?
Option 1: SNR
Option 2: Frequency
Option 3: Modulation
Option 4: Latency
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the main purpose of a link budget?
Option 1: Estimate antenna size
Option 2: Measure noise power
Option 3: Determine if received signal strength meets minimum requirements
Option 4: Calculate modulation scheme
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Onboard processing
Question:  What is the main purpose of on-board processing in satellites?
Option 1: Storing raw data only
Option 2: Amplifying signals only
Option 3: Processing and managing data on the satellite
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the noise floor often expressed as?
Option 1: dBm
Option 2: mW
Option 3: Volts
Option 4: dB
Option 5: Amperes
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Satellite gateway
Question:  What is the primary function of a satellite gateway?
Option 1: Launch satellites
Option 2: Track satellites
Option 3: Interface between satellite and terrestrial networks
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite bus
Question:  What is the primary material often used for satellite bus structure?
Option 1: Steel
Option 2: Aluminum alloy
Option 3: Wood
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite broadcasting
Question:  What is the primary purpose of satellite broadcasting?
Option 1: One-to-one communication
Option 2: One-to-many communication
Option 3: Many-to-one communication
Option 4: Data storage
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite Bandwidth
Question:  What is the roll-off factor in satellite bandwidth calculation?
Option 1: Power loss ratio
Option 2: Bandwidth expansion factor due to filtering
Option 3: Satellite speed
Option 4: Noise figure
Option 5: Signal strength ratio
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the significance of a high G/T ratio in satellites?
Option 1: Low noise and high gain
Option 2: High noise and low gain
Option 3: High attenuation
Option 4: Low sensitivity
Answer: Option 1
Topic: Telecommunication Payload
Question:  What is the typical bandwidth of a satellite transponder in MHz?
Option 1: 1-5 MHz
Option 2: 10-50 MHz
Option 3: 36-72 MHz
Option 4: 100-200 MHz
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the typical unit used to express antenna gain?
Option 1: dB
Option 2: dBi
Option 3: dBm
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What is the unit commonly used for power in link budget calculations?
Option 1: Watts
Option 2: Decibel (dB)
Option 3: Volts
Option 4: Amperes
Option 5: Hertz
Answer: Option 2
Topic: SNR
Question:  What is the unit of noise figure?
Option 1: Watts
Option 2: dBm
Option 3: Decibels (dB)
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite gateway
Question:  What kind of gateway architecture improves redundancy?
Option 1: Single gateway
Option 2: Distributed gateways
Option 3: No gateway
Option 4: Satellite-only networks
Option 5: Ground-only networks
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  What kind of tracking do user terminals for GEO satellites require?
Option 1: Fast beam steering
Option 2: Slow, fixed pointing
Option 3: No tracking at all
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Wireless communication systems
Question:  What modulation technique is widely used in modern wireless systems?
Option 1: FM
Option 2: QAM
Option 3: AM
Option 4: PAM
Option 5: PWM
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  What role do synchronization errors play in BER?
Option 1: Reduce BER
Option 2: No effect
Option 3: Increase BER
Option 4: Fix bits
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  What unit is used to express bit error rate (BER)?
Option 1: Decibel
Option 2: Watts
Option 3: Probability
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite User terminal
Question:  Which component in a satellite user terminal converts RF signals to baseband?
Option 1: Antenna
Option 2: Modulator
Option 3: Demodulator
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Signal-to-noise ratio
Question:  Which condition indicates a good quality signal?
Option 1: SNR near 0 dB
Option 2: Negative SNR
Option 3: High positive SNR
Option 4: SNR below -10 dB
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite Bandwidth
Question:  Which factor directly affects the required bandwidth in satellite communication?
Option 1: Satellite altitude
Option 2: Data rate and modulation scheme
Option 3: Power supply
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Bit error rate
Question:  Which factor does NOT affect BER?
Option 1: Channel fading
Option 2: Bit rate
Option 3: Temperature
Option 4: Modulation scheme
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  Which factor does NOT affect the link budget?
Option 1: Transmit power
Option 2: Antenna gain
Option 3: Path loss
Option 4: Color of the antenna
Answer: Option 4
Topic: Signal-to-noise ratio
Question:  Which factor does NOT affect the SNR in a communication system?
Option 1: Signal power
Option 2: Color of cable insulation
Option 3: Bandwidth
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Uplink
Question:  Which factor does NOT affect uplink signal quality?
Option 1: Antenna misalignment
Option 2: Transmit power
Option 3: User data rate
Option 4: Weather conditions
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Carrier-to-noise ratio
Question:  Which factor negatively affects CNR?
Option 1: Increased signal power
Option 2: Interference
Option 3: More antenna elements
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Link Budget
Question:  Which factor primarily degrades error performance in a link?
Option 1: Loss in signal to noise ratio
Option 2: Signal distortion
Option 3: Both loss in SNR and signal distortion
Option 4: Thermal noise
Option 5: Interference
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Wireless communication systems
Question:  Which frequency band is commonly used for WiFi communication?
Option 1: 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
Option 2: 700 MHz only
Option 3: 900 MHz only
Answer: Option 1
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  Which frequency band is commonly used in 5G NTN?
Option 1: UHF
Option 2: S-band
Option 3: Ku-band
Option 4: VHF
Answer: Option 2
Topic: Satellite gateway
Question:  Which frequency band is commonly used in satellite gateway uplinks?
Option 1: L-band
Option 2: C-band
Option 3: Ku-band
Option 4: Ka-band
Option 5: VHF
Answer: Option 3
Topic: Satellite broadcasting
Question:  Which frequency bands are commonly used for satellite broadcasting?
Option 1: VHF and UHF
Option 2: L and S bands
Option 3: C, Ku, and Ka bands
Option 4: X and Y bands
Answer: Option 3
Topic: 5G NTN
Question:  Which handover is unique to 5G NTN vs. terrestrial?
Option 1: Satellite-to-satellite
Option 2: Cell-to-cell
Option 3: Intra-sector
Option 4: Inter-sector
Option 5: Frequency-to-frequency
Answer: Option 1