## 3 Results
### Isentropic Efficiencies of Compressors, Turbine and Pump  
The effect of isentropic efficiencies of compressors on net power production for the proposed novel cycle and performance improvement in comparison with the reference cycle for each fluid is given in Figure 18. Higher isentropic efficiency values of the compressors lead to an increase in the net power output of the cycle, as reduced inefficiencies result in lower compressor power consumption. When the isentropic efficiency of the compressors changes from 0.7 to 1.0, the net power output of the proposed novel cycle increases by 5.96% for R290, 6.54% for R600a, 6.82% for R601, and 6.15% for R1234 ze(E). When the proposed cycle is compared to the reference cycle, the highest improvement is observed with R601, reaching 11.24% at the lowest isentropic efficiency investigated. In contrast, the lowest net power improvement occurs with R290, showing a 6.56% enhancement at the isentropic efficiency value of 1.0. This trend indicates that as compressor isentropic efficiency increases, the net power improvement of the novel cycle over the reference cycle tends to decrease. This is expected because the reference cycle uses only one compressor, while the novel cycle operates with two compressors. As the isentropic efficiency of compressors increases, the  
Figure 17: Net power comparison of the proposed novel and reference cycle with pinch point temperature difference variations. effect of having an extra compressor decreases on the net power improvement of the novel cycle compared to the reference cycle. In Figure 19 the effect of isentropic efficiency of turbine on net power production for the proposed novel cycle and performance improvement in comparison with the reference cycle for each fluid are given. An increase in the isentropic efficiency of the turbine has a significant impact on the net power output of the cycle. The difference in net power output between the lowest and highest efficiency values examined for each working fluid is considerable, highlighting the strong influence of turbine performance on the overall effectiveness of the system. For R290, the net power output increases by 61.30% as the isentropic efficiency increases across the investigated range. Similarly, R1234 ze(E) shows a 57.32% increase, while R600a reaches 56.21%. Also, R601 exhibits a notable increase of 54.03% in net power production. These results highlight the critical role of turbine efficiency in enhancing the power generation capability of the proposed novel cycle which provides higher net power output than the reference cycle at every turbine isentropic efficiency value examined. Similar to the trend observed in compressor efficiency analysis, the greatest improvement over the reference cycle is achieved with R601, while the lowest improvement is seen with R290. As turbine efficiency increases, the net power improvement of the novel cycle over the reference cycle decreases from 11.39% to 6.77% for R290. Similarly, for R601, improvement decreases from 12.35% to 7.69% over the reference cycle. This indicates that the novel cycle demonstrates superior comparative performance under lower turbine efficiency conditions, highlighting its robustness in less ideal operational scenarios. The effect of isentropic efficiency of pump on net power production for the proposed novel cycle and performance improvement in comparison with the reference cycle for each fluid is given in Figure 20. The effect of pump isentropic efficiency on the net power output is minimal compared to that of the turbine and compressors. Variations in pump efficiency influence the cycle's net power primarily through changes in pump power consumption, which is inherently low and thus has limited impact. Within the investigated range of pump isentropic efficiency, the net power output of the proposed novel cycle increases from 174.49 kW to 186.20 kW for R290, corresponding to a 6.71% improvement, while  
Figure 18: Net power comparison of the proposed novel and reference cycle with isentropic efficiencies of compressors.