# A Lexicon-Based Framework for Mining and Analysis of Arabic Comparative Sentences
## 3 Proposed Framework
### Arabic Comparative Sentence Type Identification  
This section describes the detailed steps of the ACSTI algorithm. In general, comparative sentence are categorized into four types, namely non-equal gradable, equative, superlative and non-gradable comparative [1]. Identifying an Arabic comparative sentence type is based on the type of the Arabic comparative keyword which exists in the sentence. This type is determined based on the Arabic comparative keywords lexicon where every type has its own Arabic comparative keywords. The four types are described as follows, together with some examples for the sentences that represent each type [1]:  
1. **Non-Equal Gradable Comparison Type:** Relations of this type express an ordering of objects with regard to some of their features. An example of this sentence type is the sentence that contains the Arabic comparative keyword, whose format is _List_. This keyword has an original verb that consists of three letters. An example of such sentence is _List_. (studying Oracle is deeper than Microsoft) where the comparative keyword is directly mentioned in the comparative sentence. On the contrary, if the verb contains more than three letters, the sentence will contain the Arabic word _List_. (less or more) and the sentence will be like the following _List_. ([PERSON] has more diligence than his brother). 2. **Equative Comparison Type:** Relations of this type state that two objects are equal with respect to some of their features. An example of such sentence is _List_. _List_. _List_. (the two universities have the same level of education). 3. **Superlative Comparison Type:** Relations of this type ranks one object over other objects. In Arabic language this type may add _List_ to the comparison word or not. Examples of this type are _List_. (the Egyptian Club Al-Ahly is the best in the history) and _List_. ([PERSON] is the best player in the world). 4. **Non-gradable Comparison Type:** Non-gradable comparative sentences type compares features of two or more objects, but do not grade them. There are three subtypes as follows:  
* Object A is similar to or different from object B with regard to some features. An example of this type is _List_. (the teaching style of doctor [PERSON] differs from from the teaching style of doctor [PERSON]). example, in the comparative sentence \"Canon's optics is better than those of Sony and Nikon.\", the corresponding relation vector is (better, optics, Canon, (Sony and Nikon), non-equal gradable). Extracting a relation vector from an Arabic comparative sentence depends on the Arabic comparative sentence type. The following are examples of different sentences that illustrate the relation extraction from each of the four Arabic comparative sentences types mentioned in the previous section. An example of the Arabic non-equal gradable comparative sentence type is \(\tilde  
many words will represent each of entity 1, entity 2 and the comparison feature. To resolve this problem, in our work, we extracted each of entity 1 and entity 2 as the set that is formed of 2-5 words that appear in the non-gradable comparative sentence type before and after the comparison keyword, respectively. Algorithm 3 shows the pseudo-code of the proposed REACS algorithm specifically for Arabic non-equal comparative sentence type. In the discussion of the REACS algorithm, there will be some notes on the differences between the relation extraction steps that apply for each of the other three Arabic comparative sentence types. Input: dataset of NonEqual comparative sentences. Output: extracted relations from the input dataset.