## 4 Discussion
The final decision regarding the design parameters was made by considering the forecasted values of precipitation and temperature variability during the life of the project/planning period and/or the trends in the changes. The final decision is generally based on the application of an evaluation method using expert judgment estimation. The results show that the most important factor influencing the vulnerability of the water resource system is the flexibility between the output and input variation, as defined by the system characteristics related to the dynamic capture and storage of water and energy under water/energy flow. This issue can be effectively solved by installing manmade surfaces and underground structures required for dynamic flow capture and regulations. The appropriate dimensions and positions of such water structures were determined using the usual methods of leveling the flow in accordance with the inflow nature and water demand. The Jadro Spring, with its dominant flow patterns, is optimal in terms of minimizing the total energy dissipation at a given recharge under the constraint of a given total porosity, whereas the Kraka River has the lowest energy expenditure in the river network. In these hypotheses, the network systems are viewed as a completely integrated unit. The sensitivity and autonomous adaptive capacity of the system, consequences of the energy minimization principle at the reference point, and impacts on streamflow characteristics and water structures (for example, water abstraction facilities) cannot be realistically modeled by a single or several representative system elements. Therefore, it is important to consider the relationships between the inputs and outputs from the system during dry and rainy periods, as well as the transformation processes that occur in the system. For the Jadro Spring, the concept of processes in karst aquifers is frequently discussed using three types of porosity: micropores, small cracks and fractures, and large fractures or conduits [26]. In this system, the surface channel network and storage are not developed, and the infiltration of water into the ground occurs rapidly [32]. During the wet period, the energy system had greater potential energy and lower resistance to flow, whereas the situation was reversed during the dry period. Therefore, the reactions to rainfall input energy are majorly different, which affects the sustainability of the abstraction facility. These results comprehensively illustrate this phenomenon. The Kraka River presents a different situation because the topological structure of the river network controls discharge and drains through different links. Hillslopes are runoff-producing elements that are connected by networks. The spatially distributed potential energy generated by rainfall and snow in the watershed was converted into kinetic energy in the flow through the channel reaches. This occurs in the dry and wet seasons so that the river flow reacts/oscillates similarly to the rainfall input in the dry and rainy periods but with varied capacity/flow. The water resource system differences are simplified by comparing \(Q^{x}\)_average_\(<\)=\(>D(Q^{x})\), which confirms that the proposed indicator \(k^{x}\) is an excellent indicator of climate hazard-related sensitivity and adaptive capacity, that is, the vulnerability of the water resource system and associated water structures at a particular location. This relationship qualitatively indicates the system's residence time, and thus provides information about the storage and flow processes in the system in the current climate. Together with the value of \(k^{x}\), this directly indicates the need to strengthen resilience and adapt the water abstraction facility in relation to specific climate hazards (floods and droughts) and their priorities. The presented information should be used to supplement other standard project evaluation criteria, including the distribution of project benefits and costs as well as various social and environmental impacts (sustainability).