## 3 Results and Discussions
### Revenue and Cost Analysis of External Support Service  
Revenue and Cost Analysis of Communication Carrier  
Telecommunication operators, as key entities providing 5G communication services for ICVs, are assumed to deploy macro base stations and micro base stations along the roads of various types and bear the corresponding maintenance and power consumption costs. They aim to support the implementation of intermediate and advanced autonomous driving through 5G signal coverage for intelligent transportation. This paper considers three scenarios of user willingness to pay: the baseline scenario, the conservative scenario, and the optimistic scenario. In the baseline scenario, the vehicle communication service fee paid by users is the same as the 5G network service price of a mobile phone, which is V128/month. In the optimistic scenario, users fully recognize the role of high-performance communication networks in autonomous driving, and the vehicle communication service fee is V256/month. In the conservative scenario, users have a poor perception of the role of communication services and are willing to pay half the price of the mobile phone 5G network service for vehicle communication services. The paper calculates the relevant cost inputs of the 5G infrastructure for intelligent transportation by the telecommunication operators and the expected revenue under different scenarios, as shown in Figure 17.  
Assuming the simultaneous deployment of macro base stations and micro base stations within the road network of Beijing, considering the deployment costs combined with their service life, maintenance costs, and power consumption costs, the comprehensive annualized cost for the telecommunication operators is V2.938 billion. By breaking down the annualized costs related to infrastructure, the costs associated with macro base stations account for nearly 95% of the total cost of communication infrastructure for the operators, with the power consumption cost of macro base stations accounting for 19% of the total cost. With the increase in demand for 5G communication networks due to the rise in the penetration rate of ICVs, under the baseline scenario, the total revenue obtained by the operators from users through communication service fees is expected to cover the related cost inputs in communication infrastructure by 2028. Under the optimistic scenario, the total revenue from communication service fees is expected to cover the related cost inputs in communication infrastructure by 2025. From the perspective of per-vehicle annualized cost allocation, with the increase in the penetration rate of intelligent connected vehicles,  
Figure 16: Function-cost effectiveness analysis of collaborative intelligent system (urban road).  
the per-vehicle annualized cost allocation for communication infrastructure has decreased from V6467/veh /year in 2023 to V314/veh/year by 2050. The actual revenue situation of communication operators in the future may vary due to factors such as industry competition, but it can be affirmed that intelligent transportation will become a key application scenario for 5G networks in the future, further expanding the market size of the communication industry. Considering that the actual deployment plan for macro base stations is often carried out according to regional scope, as shown in Figure 11a, and that Beijing has currently completed the deployment of 96,200 5G macro base stations in the main urban areas, the actual cost input of operators in communication infrastructure for intelligent transportation will be lower than the above calculation results.