# Systematic Analysis of Risks in Industry 5.0 Architecture
## 1 Introduction
### Threats and Risks Involved  
It is important to remember that the fifth industrial revolution will be fueled by cobots (collaborative robots), robots, and artificial intelligence, which will play critical roles in this sector. Despite its potential and capabilities, the industry will still require human modification and personalization skills [25]. As shown in Figure 4, most of the industries that have embraced the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 are responsible for the generation of significant value through the capture, storage, and mining of big data. This has led to the creation of several opportunities in a variety of industries, including government services and even healthcare [26; 27]. Given the multiple benefits that may be derived from big data, the industrial revolutions that resulted in the creation of ICT and other kinds of digital technology drove big data to become the present oil in the technological world. Because of the importance and influence of big data, organizations often spend a significant amount of money on issues related to privacy and cyber security. For instance, stricter access control restrictions must be put in place as big data are gathered and stored to guarantee that it can only be used for those purposes. However, because security and privacy issues will be treated extremely seriously, it is crucial to consider how data are shared and linked across numerous organizations and industries [25; 28]. Because most industries have automated and digitalized their operations, which has revealed a variety of vulnerabilities that can substantially harm the system, cyber security in the fourth and fifth industrial revolutions has become crucial. Even though both Industries 4.0 and 5.0 are already up and running, they have brought with them several operational issues that are problematic for digital supply networks and connected smart industries [25; 29]. This is because the industrial value chain may not be able to immediately mitigate the effects of a cyber-attack if one occurs. After all, those effects could be quite severe, and they are not prepared for such risks. Therefore, as Industry 4.0 transitions to Industry 5.0, addressing the cyber dangers necessitates developing robust cybersecurity strategies that must be vigilant, secure, and persistent, fully integrated into organizational and IT strategies [30]. In this discussion, cybersecurity threats in Industries 4.0 and 5.0 are evaluated. The need for maintenance and ongoing upgrades to handle these risks is highlighted [25]. The number of terminal and intermediary devices has significantly increased because of Industry 5.0's extensive adoption of IoT. Cyber threats have greater opportunities because of this increased attack surface. To safeguard infrastructure, Industry 5.0 uses blockchain-based access control systems and artificial intelligence (AI)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS). Compared to Industry 4.0, this represents a more complex and advanced approach to security. Cyber-physical systems and augmented reality (AR) are emerging supporting technologies for the Internet of Things. The harmonization of functionality may become more complex as a result of these technologies' potential introduction of new security requirements. In conclusion, Industry 5.0 highlights the use of cutting-edge technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence for security, expands the attack surface with an emphasis on the Internet of Things, and tackles particular difficulties related to the integration of various applications and auxiliary technologies [31]. Figure 4: Threats and risks in Industry 5.0 [26; 27]. This study aims to address the following research questions by focusing on key areas to enhance understanding and provide valuable information about the topic:  
* **Research Question 1:** What are the potential challenges in the adoption of Industry 5.0, considering factors like compatibility with existing systems, workforce training, and technological complexities?