## 1 Introduction
[11] investigated the distribution and deformation mechanism of fractures in surrounding rocks of bidirectional, unequal-pressure soft-rock roadways, analyzed the effects of old and new support schemes, and proposed a new support scheme. [PERSON] et al. [12] analyzed the fracture patterns and evolution of roadway surrounding rocks under high deviatoric stress conditions through the establishment of a three-dimensional finite element model and similar simulation experiments. The results indicated that high deviatoric stress is the main cause of severe deformation and failure of coal seam roadway surrounding rocks. Based on this,they proposed zonal support measures for the roadway to effectively control the stability of the surrounding rocks. [PERSON] et al. [13] studied the expansion characteristics of butterfly-shaped plastic zones in soft-rock roadway surrounding rocks under tectonic stress, clarified the failure mechanism of roadway surrounding rocks, and further proposed targeted surrounding rock control techniques. The effectiveness of these techniques was ultimately validated through actual case studies. [PERSON] et al. [14] conducted a mechanical analysis, numerical simulation, and field experiments for the No. 3 coal seam roadway in Xiayukou Coal Mine, revealing that the uneven stress distribution caused by remnant coal pillars in the upper coal seam and adjacent goat is the main reason for butterfly-shaped failure in the roadway. [PERSON] et al. [15] analyzed the stress environment characteristics of surrounding rocks in coal pillar roadways and their impact on deformation and failure, and based on the analysis results, they proposed a series of control strategies. [PERSON] et al. [16] conducted a numerical simulation to study the deformation and failure patterns of surrounding rocks in closely spaced cross-mining soft-rock roadways, proposing a comprehensive control scheme that includes short cables for the roof, rib bolts and timely initial support, full-section delayed grouting for surrounding rock reinforcement, and long cables for secondary reinforcement of the roof, effectively reducing the support density. [PERSON] et al. [17] experimentally studied the \"butterfly-shaped\" distribution characteristics of the plastic zone during uniaxial loading and analyzed the acoustic emission (AE) events at different stages using AE technology, discussing the shape of the plastic zone and the distribution pattern of AE events. [PERSON] et al. [18] investigated the impact of pre-notched holes of various shapes and sizes on the mechanical properties of rocks and analyzed the influence of these holes on the stability of mine roadways through numerical simulation methods. [PERSON] et al. [19] studied the development patterns of plastic zones in surrounding rocks during tunnel excavation, analyzing the evolution of plastic zones at different stages through simulations, and verified the rationality of the mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks and concrete used in the numerical simulations. [PERSON] et al. [20] studied the shape characteristics of plastic zones around circular tunnels under different strength criteria and compared the variation patterns of plastic zone distributions under these criteria. [PERSON] et al. [21; 22] conducted a comparative study on the plastic zones around circular openings under anisotropic initial stress conditions, evaluating and validating different calculation methods through analytical and finite element methods. They further investigated the impact of strength theories on the distribution of plastic zones around roadway surrounding rocks, including the shaped characteristics of plastic zones, the maximum plastic radius, and their location. Additionally, they summarized six commonly used strength criteria and compared their applications in engineering. The above research results provide significant theoretical support and technical guarantees for the deformation and failure mechanism of the dynamic pressure roadway of the floor.