# Intelligent Reasoning Rules for Home Energy Management (IRRHEM): Algeria Case Study
## 4 Analysis and Discussion
* Energy savings of 1.34% and 29.47% were obtained during the periods of 09 h: 00 min: 00 s to 10 h: 00 min: 00 s and from 11 h: 00 min: 00 s to 12 h: 00 min: 00 s, respectively, based on:
* Exploiting the external lighting by opening windows and curtains and turning off some (or all) of the lights bulbs;
* Turning off electrical equipment in the absence of family members. This solution also addresses the case of an individual forgetting or operating equipment without exploiting it. Finally, this solution aggregates the similar activities of family members, simultaneously. * Energy savings of 0.73%, 1.93%, 5.45%, 3.49%, and 3.49% were obtained during the periods of 12 h: 00 min: 00 s to 13 h: 00 min: 00 s, 15 h: 00 min: 00 s to 16 h: 00 min: 00 s, 16 h: 00 min: 00 s to 17 h: 00 min: 00 s, 17 h: 00 min: 00 s to 18 h: 00 min: 00 s, and from 18 h: 00 min: 00 s to 19 h: 00 min: 00 s, respectively, based on:
* Turning off some or all of the light bulbs by taking advantage of the sunlight;
* In case of the absence of all peoples from a room, the proposed solution take the turning off of electrical appliances (except for some appliances, such as refrigerators and security equipment);
* Correcting some errors committed in the exploitation of electrical equipment, as well as cases of forgetfulness. The employment of the IRRHEM solution in different regions results in energy-saving that differs from one region to another. Even if this solution is applied to the same family, we logically obtain different rates of energy consumption; this is due to three main reasons. The first is the climatic factor, which has a great impact on energy saving, thanks to the optimal exploitation of natural resources, such as temperature, lighting, wind. The second factor focuses on home construction that concerns several points, such as home orientation, the quality of the materials used in the construction, and home architecture. Finally, the factor linked to the habits, cultures, and activities of residents also has a significant impact on energy saving. However, for the IRRHEM solution to be universally applied in different regions, a good design of the following elements is necessary:* Profile: this concept is used to provide an explicit representation of many elements of a smart home in a structured information model. In the IRRHEM solution, the profile concept is divided into several subcategories to describe each concept in a particular category as \"ResidentProfile\" for \"Resident\". In addition, this concept is very important and used for several purposes, such as increasing the comfort of the residents and meeting the needs of the residents. Additionally, the category of the profile concerns the \"Home\" concept that is considered as the starting point for all other concepts, since this concept contains properties or information to describe the smart home, such as: \"HomeID\", \"HomeLocation\", and \"HomeSurfaceSize\". * Activity scheduling: this concept presents a passive approach to energy efficiency based on determining the optimal schedule for resident activities. It is characterized by several advantages, among which is the optimization of energy consumption. An important point that characterizes this solution concerns the possibility of extending this solution to future works (the flexibility in updating or exporting the ontology of this solution to develop others), due to the use of the ontological approach, where the latter presents one of the main reasons for choosing this approach.