## 2 Results
### The Correlation between Environmental Factors and Ginensosides and Gene Expression  
The correlation analysis results of ecological factors and ginensoside content are shown in Tables 7 and 8. In the roots, PAR was significantly positively correlated (\(p<0.01\)) with Rg1, Rf, and PPT-type ginensosides. Soil water potential was negatively correlated with most of the individual ginensosides. This indicated that PAR and soil water potential have certain effects on the biosynthesis of root ginensosides. Soil water potential, relative humidity, and rain were negatively correlated with most ginensosides, which inhibited the synthesis of those ginensosides, indicating that the soil water potential, relative humidity, and rain were appropriately reduced, and suitable drought can improve the biosynthesis of ginensosides. However, in the leaves, relative humidity was significantly positively correlated (\(p<0.01\)) with all ginensosides, except for the Ro and PPT-type ginensosides. The results showed that in the leaves, relative humidity played an important role in the biosynthesis of ginensosides, having a direct effect on ginseng leaves. The appropriate increase in relative humidity promoted the biosynthesis of ginensosides. The correlation analysis results of ecological factors and gene expression are shown in Tables 9 and 10. In the roots, PAR was significantly positively correlated (\(p<0.01\)) with HMGR and SS, but it was significantly negatively correlated with DS and PPTS. Relative humidity was significantly negatively correlated (\(p<0.01\)) with HMGR, FPS, and \(\beta\)-AS, and it was positively correlated with PPTS and OAS. Soil water potential was significantly positively correlated with PPDS and \(\beta\)-AS. In the leaves, relative humidity and rain play a large role. Relative humidity and rain were negatively correlated with most of the genes. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **HMGR** & **SS** & **FPS** & **SE** & **DS** & **PPDS** & **PPTTS** & \(\beta\)**-AS** & **OAS** \\ \hline HMGR & 1 & 0.32 & 0.91  & 0.33 & \(-0.77\)  & 0.85  & 0.54 & 0.26 \\ \hline SE & & & 1 & 0.96  & 0.75  & \(-0.59\) & 0.81  & 0.92  \\ \hline OAS & & & & & & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Correlation analysis of gene expression in leaves at different growth times. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **HMGR** & **SS** & **FPS** & **SE** & **DS** & **PPDS** & **PPTTS** & \(\beta\)**-AS** & **OAS** \\ \hline HMGR & 1 & 0.59 & 0.89  & \(-0.06\) & \(-0.99\)  & \(-0.67\)  & \(-0.78\)  & 0.59 & \(-0.59\) \\ SE & & & & 1 & \(-0.72\)  & \(-0.81\)  \\ PPDS & & & & & 1 & 0.22 & 0.59 & \(-0.60\) \\ PPTS & & & & & & 1 & \(-0.63\) & 0.55 \\ \(\beta\)-AS & & & & & & 1 & \(-0.98\) [FOOTNOTE:]Footnote * indicates a significant correlation (\(p<0.01\)). [ENDFOOTNOTE] \\ OAS & & & & & & & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Correlation analysis of gene expression in roots at different growth times. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Temperature** & **PAR** & **Relative Humidity** & **Rain** & **Soil Water** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(\(\mu\)E)** & **(\%)** & **(mm)** & **Potential (J/g)** \\ \hline Rg1 & 0.07 & 0.91 ** & \(-\)0.85 ** & \(-\)0.13 & 0.45 \\ Re & \(-\)0.23 & 0.58 & \(-\)0.51 & \(-\)0.71 * & \(-\)0.55 \\ Rf & 0.03 & 0.87 ** & \(-\)0.65 & \(-\)0.46 & \(-\)0.26 \\ Rb1 & 0.77 * & 0.66 & 0.12 & 0.31 & \(-\)0.45 \\ Rc & 0.71 * & 0.41 & 0.36 & 0.26 & \(-\)0.69 * \\ Rb2 & 0.62 & 0.64 & 0.07 & 0.10 & \(-\)0.60 \\ Rb3 & \(-\)0.28 & \(-\)0.12 & 0.16 & \(-\)0.62 & \(-\)0.94 ** \\ Rd & 0.83 ** & 0.64 & 0.17 & 0.40 & \(-\)0.40 \\ Ro & \(-\)0.10 & \(-\)0.49 & 0.60 & \(-\)0.28 & \(-\)0.92 ** \\ PPT & \(-\)0.03 & 0.93 ** & \(-\)0.84 ** & \(-\)0.40 & 0.07 \\ PPD & 0.73 * & 0.54 & 0.23 & 0.26 & \(-\)0.59 \\ Total saponins & 0.60 & 0.76 * & \(-\)0.08 & 0.08 & \(-\)0.48 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* indicates a significant correlation (\(p<\) 0.05). ** indicates a significant correlation (\(p<\) 0.01).  
\end{table}