# Effective Use of Flax Biomass in Biorefining Processes
## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Selection of Optimal Genotype for the Fiber Flax, Linseed and Dual Purpose  
A comparative analysis of selected lines of flax with a high degree of homozygosity was carried out in order to select the best genotypes for biorefining processes. The lines were compared in terms of the following yield-forming features: total yield, straw yield, seed yield, plant height, technical length and panicle length. The test results are presented in Tables 2-4. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Breeding**} & **Total** & **Straw** & **Seed** & **Plant** & **Technical** & **Panicle** \\  & **Yield** & **Yield** & **Yield** & **Height** & **Length** & **Length** \\ \cline{2-6}  & **(g)** & **(g)** & **(g)** & **(cm)** & **(cm)** & **(cm)** \\ \hline PET 16/02 & 146.4 \(\pm\) 47.3 & 76.4 \(\pm\) 25.6 & 48.0 \(\pm\) 11.4 & 50.5 \(\pm\) 3.1 & 39.3 \(\pm\) 2.0 & 11.2 \(\pm\) 2.5 \\ PET 16/06 & 126.4 \(\pm\) 22.5 & 52.8 \(\pm\) 5.2 & 31.6 \(\pm\) 9.8 & 46.3 \(\pm\) 2.5 & 36.6 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 9.7 \(\pm\) 2.9 \\ PET 16/07 & 92.8 \(\pm\) 21.9 & 32.4 \(\pm\) 17.7 & 31.6 \(\pm\) 9.8 & 42.5 \(\pm\) 2.8 & 33.9 \(\pm\) 1.5 & 8.6 \(\pm\) 1.5 \\ PET 16/16 & 200.4 \(\pm\) 16.6 & 79.6 \(\pm\) 17.8 & 70.0 \(\pm\) 4.5 & 50.0 \(\pm\) 2.7 & 40.5 \(\pm\) 2.8 & 9.4 \(\pm\) 1.4 \\ PET 16/21 & 111.2 \(\pm\) 28.2 & 48.8 \(\pm\) 11.5 & 28.8 \(\pm\) 9.9 & 47.6 \(\pm\) 5.1 & 36.3 \(\pm\) 4.6 & 11.2 \(\pm\) 1.7 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Comparison of tested lines in terms of yield structure traits. A significant differentiation of the tested lineed lines was found in terms of yield-forming features, i.e., total yield, straw yield and seed yield. The PET 16/16 line was characterized by significantly the highest total plant weight and seed weight compared to the other tested lineed genotypes. The straw weight of this line was also the highest, with significant differences observed in comparison to the lines: PET 16/06, PET 16/07 and PET 16/21. There was definitely less differentiation between the examined objects observed in the case of morphological traits, i.e., plant height, technical length and panicle length. For biomass biorefining processes, however, straw yield and total yield are the most important, and on this basis, the best line was PET 16/16. The differentiation of the tested dual-purpose lines in terms of yield-producing traits was lower than in the case of lineed lines. The highest total plant weight was found in line SW 16/01, whereas the highest mass of straw was characterized by line SW 16/13. The straw weight of the SW 16/13 line was 10.6% higher than the straw weight of the SW 16/01 line, with the total weight of the plants being lower by 6.6%. However, since the mass of straw is considered to be the most important trait for biomass biorefining processes, a line SW 16/13 was selected for further chemical research. Within fiber flax lines, very slight differences in the tested objects in terms of straw weight were observed. Therefore, the most important trait did not differentiate the compared lines to a sufficient extent to make a clear choice of the best one on this basis. The highest straw weight was found for line PET 16/20, but line PET 16/09 showed only 0.4 g less weight of straw. However, the line that showed the highest straw yield (PET 16/20) was also characterized by a slightly lower total yield than the best line (PET 16/23), and significantly higher than the line PET 16/09. On this basis, it was decided that the line PET 16/20 would be directed for further chemical research. Summing up, in this study, the straw yield was significantly highest among the fiber flax lines (an average of 69 g), and the lowest within the dual-purpose lines (an average of 55.2 g). However, dual-purpose lines were characterized by a slightly lower mass of straw than lineed lines (an average of 58 g). In turn, the seed yield was the highest in dual-purpose forms, slightly lower in lineed forms, and significantly lowest in fiber flax forms.