# Polymer-Derived SiOC Ceramics by Digital Light Processing-Based Additive Manufacturing
###### Abstract  
Polymer-derived SiOC ceramics (PDC\({}_{\text{g}}\)-SiOC) possess advantages such as high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, and customizable mechanical and dielectric properties. These attributes make them a promising material for high-temperature structural and functional applications. Based on polymer-derived ceramic conversion technology, this study synthesized a photosensitive resin with high ceramic yield and low shrinkage from commercial MK resin, 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate, and trimethylopoprene triacrylate monomer. Using digital light processing additive manufacturing technology, 3D diamond-structured SiOC ceramic and 3D octahedron-structured SiOC ceramic with high precision were fabricated. The pyrolysis of both structures at different temperatures (1000 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 1400 \({}^{\circ}\)C) yielded SiOC ceramics, which exhibited uniform shrinkage in all directions, with a linear shrinkage rate ranging from 31% to 36%. The microstructure was characterized by FTIR, XRD, and SEM, respectively. Additionally, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the three-dimensional SiOC ceramics were studied. The SiOC ceramic diamond lattice structure, fabricated through pyrolysis at 1200 \({}^{\circ}\)C, demonstrated good mechanical properties with a geometric density of 0.76 g/cm\({}^{3}\). Its compressive strength and elastic modulus were measured at 7.66 MPa and 1.47 GPa, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into the rapid and customized manufacturing of lightweight ceramic structures. SiOC; additive manufacturing; digital light processing; polymer-derived ceramics 2025 15 2921 2025  
Despite the significant applications of SiOC ceramics in various fields, traditional manufacturing methods typically rely on high-temperature sintering and complex shaping processes, such as injection molding, pressing, and casting. These methods often face challenges related to difficulty in shaping, low precision, and low manufacturing efficiency [10]. The limitations of traditional techniques are particularly evident when producing complex geometries and intricate structures [11; 12; 13]. Furthermore, the inherent brittleness and high hardness of ceramic materials make conventional processing methods, such as machining and electrical discharge machining, prone to causing material damage, which, in turn, affects the performance and reliability of the final products [14; 15]. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for more efficient and cost-effective methods to fabricate complex SiOC ceramic shapes. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) provides a means for the direct fabrication of complex ceramic components. This technique constructs intricate ceramic structures from digital models by sequentially stacking layers of ceramic powders or liquids [16; 17; 18]. This approach offers notable advantages in producing complex geometries that are difficult to achieve through traditional molding techniques. Additive manufacturing effectively addresses the challenges inherent in forming the complex structures typically encountered in traditional ceramic manufacturing methods. By facilitating the precise and efficient creation of intricate ceramic geometries, this technology expands the possibilities for fabricating complex ceramic components [19]. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) enables highly flexible and customized production by constructing structures layer by layer from digital models. This technology integrates computer-aided design with material processing, transforming conventional manufacturing processes. Its versatility and precision have resulted in widespread applications across numerous fields [20]. In recent years, additive manufacturing has rapidly developed into one of the most promising methods for producing 3D structures, showcasing considerable potential across multiple fields.