# Comparative Analysis of Usability and Accessibility of Kiosks for People with Disabilities
## 4 Results
### Analysis of Accessibility Items by Type of Impairment  
Participants with different impairments provided many comments on their experience regarding the accessibility of kiosks: participants with visual impairments provided comments such as \"providing voice support\", \"including a high-contrast function\", \"adjusting kiosk height\", and \"maintaining consistency in the design of the card slot\" (Table 3); those with hearing impairments provided opinions such as \"including non-vocal feedback\" and \"providing sign language interpreters when help button is pressed\" (Table 4); and those with physical disabilities provided comments such as \"equipping kiosks with wheelchair accessibility\", \"adjusting kiosk height\", and \"adjusting kiosk UI\" (Table 5). Figure 4: Number of opinions based on subcategories of usability. Figure 3: Number of opinions according to subcategories of accessibility. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Primary** & **Subcategory** & **Representative Scenario** & **Number** & **Example** \\ \hline  & & Providing voice support & 12 & \begin{tabular}{c} “Since voice support is rarely \\ available, I hope to receive such \\ services” \\ \end{tabular}  \\  & & Adjusting volume and speed & 3 & \"The voice speed needs to be \\ Multimodal & & of voice & 3 & adjusted” \\ information & & Implementing a screen reader & 3 & \begin{tabular}{c} “I need the support of a screen reader \\ to read the information in the middle \\ or listen to the information I want” \\ \end{tabular}  \\ User support & & Including a user identification & 2 & \"An alternative to biometric \\  & & method & 2 & \begin{tabular}{c} “An \\ recognition is essential” \\ \end{tabular}  \\ User support & & Providing privacy protection & 5 & \ \begin{tabular}{c} “An \\ self-service terminal to protect the \\ privacy of the user” \\ \end{tabular}  \\  & & & & \\ Privacy & & & \\  & & & \\  & & & \\  & & & \\  & & & \\ Feedback & & Providing error-related & 4 & \begin{tabular}{c} “Feedback should be provided to \\ help rectify any errors” \\ “The kiosk should be easy to \\ initialize” \\ \end{tabular}  \\  & & & & \\ Forgiveness & Including a “previous step” & 1 & \"The lack of a button to return to the \\  & & Including a high-contrast & 9 & \"I wish the kiosk had a high-contrast \\ Visibility & & \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Primary Category** & **Subcategory** & **Representative Scenario** & **Number** & **Example** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{User support} & \multirow{8}{*}{Multimodal information} & Including non-vocal feedback & 19 & \begin{tabular}{c} “I feel uncomfortable not having any \\ tools to provide feedback or interact \\ with the kiosk interface to provide \\ inputs” \\ \end{tabular} \\  & \multirow{8}{*}{User control} & Providing sign language & \begin{tabular}{c} “I pressed the help button at the cafe \\ and called the staff, but I had an \\ uncomfortable experience because the \\ staff could not sign” \\ \end{tabular} \\  & & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Increasing the volume of \\ the sound \\ \end{tabular} & 2 &
\begin{tabular}{c} “The sound from the kiosk cannot be \\ clearly heard if the volume of the sound \\ provided by the kiosk is low” \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Accessibility items for participants with hearing impairments.