# On the Needs and Requirements Arising from Connected and Automated Driving  
[PERSON]  
1 King's College London, London WC2R 2 LS, UK; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
2 Robert Bosch GmbH, 31139 Hildesheim, Germany; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
3 Volvo Car Corporation, SE-405 08 Gothenburg, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
4 Groupe PSA, 92563 Rueil-Malmaison, France; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
5 Huawei Munich Research Center, 80992 Munchen, Germany; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.B. ); [PERSON].) [PERSON]  
6 VisCOAD GmbH, 30167 Hannover, Germany; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.F. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.S.) [PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.F. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.S.) [PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.F. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.S.) [PERSON]  
8 Orange Labs Networks, 92326 Chatillon, France; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
5 Hoang-Juong, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.S.) [PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.F. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.S.) [PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.F. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.S.) [PERSON]  
8 Orange Labs Networks, 92326 Chatillon, France; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
5 Hoang-Juong, Sweden; [PERSON]RESS] (E.S. ); [PERSON]] (T.S.) [PERSON]  
7 Ericsson Research, SE-164 83 Kista Stockholm, Sweden; mikael. and enhance driving comfort and convenience. However, such applications introduce new challenges and impose stringent requirements on communication performance, especially in terms of latency and reliability, due to their safety-critical nature. A solid understanding of the emerging V2X use cases and their associated requirements is a fundamental prerequisite in order to efficiently address the challenges and design new solutions. First analyses of automated and cooperative driving use cases, in the cellular context, have been already initiated by the Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance [1] and the 5G Infrastructure Association (5G-IA) through the Public Private Partnership (5 GPPP) white papers on the automotive sector [2]. The 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) also identified and studied a broad range of V2X use cases. First, in the 3 GPP Technical Specification (TS) 22.185 [3], where the focus was on the first release of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) use cases and requirements covering basic safety and traffic management scenarios [4]. Subsequently, a following document, named TS 22.186 [5], was developed to cover the requirements for more advanced use cases such as platooning, use of extended sensors, advanced driving and remote driving. These use cases introduce more rigorous functional requirements for advanced features as well as more challenging performance requirements. In addition, the second release of the ETSI ITS specification has recently started. Furthermore, 5G automotive association (5 GAA) (5 GAA is a global, cross-industry organization of companies from the automotive, technology, and telecommunications industries (ICT), working together to develop end-to-end solutions for future mobility and transportation services.) [6] is also currently working on the definition of use cases and requirements. More recently, the 5G Communication Automotive Research and innovation (5 GCAR) project [7, 8] brought together a consortium of partners from the automotive industry, the mobile communications industry, and academia to conduct research at the intersection of those sectors to support safer and more efficient future driving.