# Advancing the State of the Fog Computing to Enable 5G Network Technologies
## 8 Future Directions of Fog Computing to Enable 5G  
A sustainable technology optimizes the environmental influence and economic value of fog computing to a reasonable extent. However, the sustainability of the overall FC architecture is subject to varying challenges such as reusability of services, efficient energy resource management, and the assurance of the quality of services. On the other hand, the consistency of fog nodes can be termed as reliability. It could also mean fault tolerance, high-performance services, and secured interactions [39]. In past studies, a small discussion on the reliability and sustainability fog computing has been provided as follows:  
* It is highly recommended that more research should be performed to improve the performance of fog computing besides the state-of-the-art networking activities such as packet forwarding, routing, and switching. In some cases, fog nodes have special networking components by performing more like a computational component instead of performing traditional networking activities. In other scenarios, the networking activities or capabilities of fog nodes become more prominent than its networking capabilities [22]. * Interoperability of fog nodes with 5G architecture can be self-customized according to the needs of the user. From previous studies, many special fog nodes have been proposed. Still, there is a need for real interoperable fog nodes architecture to be investigated, developed, and deployed for real-world testing. The overall data produced by IoT devices is increasingly becoming big data. According to Big Data, challenges can be divided into two main folds, which may lead to the efficient storage of data activities and semantics extracted from the stored data. The semantic data extracted can be used for meaningful and useful information from the massive volume of information produced by [35]. * It is known that fog nodes are distributed across edges, but not all the fog nodes are resourceful. Large-scale deployment on single fog nodes is not often feasible. Therefore, an effective solution is needed, like the modular development of large-scale applications, as well as their distributed deployment over constrained fog nodes is an effective solution along with 5G approaches. Previous studies on fog computing proposed different platforms for developing and deploying distributed applications. Thus, the challenges regarding the deployment of distributed applications like latency management, assurance of QoS, dataflow management, and affinity of real-time based on edge-centric applications are yet to be properly addressed [67]. * For future studies, the development of an efficient simulator for the fog-5G network is a basic need to accomplish. FC is basically designed to extend cloud services to the proximity of IoT devices. An extensive modification and improvement of existing programming languages and standards are highly required to enable cloud services in Fog, as the architecture of Fog is quite different from the cloud, [68]. Moreover, the development and management of seamlessly flexible large number of connections in fog computing for efficient networking protocols and user interfaces are necessary. Many fog-based types of research consider works on contextual information to estimate the resources and other important aspects of Fog that are unexplored. * A hierarchical 5G VANET architecture can be developed by emerging the concept of FC approaches. It can be developed at the edge of the network. Therefore, the distributed architecture will support the 5G network technology in terms of location awareness, real-time services, and delay-sensitive that will be suitable for future 5G networks. Moreover, it will reduce the data transmission latency, overhead, operating cost, and it will improve the throughput of the emerging network. * FC and 5G network technologies soon will face difficulties in providing efficient data, dissemination services, and applications.