# Exploring Space Syntax Integration at Public Transport Hubs and Public Squares Using Drone Footage
## 3 Results
### Folkets Park  
Folkets Park is a transport hub with a bus rapid transit stop and several micromobility services including e-scooters and shared bicycles (shown in Figure 2). The studied area is about 125 m \(\times\) 80 m.  
We start with the calculation of syntax theory integration. Figure 3 shows the polygon map used to calculate the isovist fields and the corresponding network. The two large overlapping polygons show the camera view and the satellite map image used to make the calibration (the rectangle showing the camera view is blue). The green, pink, and brown polygons indicate areas that are unavailable to pedestrians (buildings, roads, etc.). Using the polygon map, the syntax theory integration (or the mean shortest path) can be calculated for each point in the graph resulting in the integration map shown in Figure 4. Note that the integration values are calculated in meter-based coordinates and have been translated back to pixel coordinates in the figure. The results show that the most integrated areas (yellow/orange) at this location are on the pedestrian crossing; this makes sense, since the area only includes a single crossing, making it necessary to pass by it when travelling between any points located on opposite sides of the road. Moving on to the result from the video analysis, Figure 5 shows the pedestrian detection heat map at Folkets Park. This map shares major similarities with the integration map (Figure 4) with most pedestrians being detected around the pedestrian crossing. Note that the top 4% of detection areas have been removed to generate this image due to some outliers that would otherwise completely dominate the heat map. This was done only to generate the image: the values were not removed in the actual analysis. Figure 4: Integration map of Folkets Park showing low/good integration values in yellow and high/bad integration values in blue. Polygon map of Folkets Park, Malmö. Figure 3: Polygon map of Folkets Park, Malmö. Looking a little deeper into the result obtained for Folkets Park, it quickly becomes clear that there is a general correlation between integration value and pedestrian detections, but there is also a lot of variation in the data. On one side, there are points with high (bad) integration and many pedestrians; but there are also points with low (good) integration and fewer pedestrians. This is to some extent obvious and expected, since the movement of people does not solely depend on the spatial configuration of the area, but it is also caused by the usage of a 2 m \(\times\) 2 m grid. The area (Figure 3) contains 1197 points which all have a corresponding integration value and pedestrian detection count. This high level of detail means that if, for instance, pedestrians mostly walk a little away from the roadside, the points closer to the roadside will have fewer detections even though they have good integration values. This effect can be reduced by dividing the study location into percentile areas depending on their integration value. By dividing the area this way, it becomes possible to classify different parts of the study area depending on their integration value and compare them with the number of pedestrians detected in the same area. With four different areas of integration, the resulting integration map can be seen in Figure 6 and the correlation between integration level and pedestrian detections is shown in Figure 7. Note that integration level 1 in Figure 7 is defined by the yellow area in Figure 6 and corresponds to area 1 with the lowest integration values (0-25%), the green area corresponds to area 2 with integration values between 25-50%, the light blue corresponds to area 3 with integration values between 50-75%, and the dark blue area corresponds to the area with the highest integration (75-100%). A sensitivity analysis of how the number of zones affects the result is then presented in Section 3.3. Figure 5: Pedestrian movement map at Folkets Park.