Despite efforts by the specialized community to propose VLC-based systems to improve localization applications in hospital environments, to the authors' knowledge, localization accuracy can still be improved. We believe that this improvement can be achieved with the implementation of tools widely used today, such as artificial intelligence algorithms or machine learning. On the basis of this premise, the objective of this work is to present a medical equipment localization system within the hospital environment. The proposed system uses three LEDs as transmitters with different wavelengths as a modification of Color Shift Keying (CSK) modulation, which allows one to form a trilateration with the position of the target to be located. Taking into account the intrinsic characteristics of light, an efficient localization mechanism can be obtained, which is improved by introducing a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This algorithm along with the complete VLC system is validated through simulations that involve positioning using the proposed PSO algorithm. Initially, the simulations do not include the use of specific optical filters for the application, but future work will incorporate this feature to enable a comprehensive comparison. It is important to note that this methodology is highly applicable in hospital environments due to its strategic use of VLC and existing lighting infrastructure. Some important technical reasons are described below to justify this statement:* **Utilization of LEDs with different wavelengths:** The implementation of three transmitting LEDs with different wavelengths serves a crucial purpose. First, it enables multiplexing, allowing simultaneous data transmission using different light frequencies. This feature significantly improves the system's capacity, accommodating more information transmission channels. In addition, different wavelengths provide diversity, reducing the likelihood of interference and enhancing the reliability of communication in complex hospital settings with various electronic devices [29]. * **CSK modified modulation:** The implementation of three transmitting LEDs with different wavelengths serves a crucial purpose. First, it enables multiplexing, allowing for simultaneous data transmission using different light frequencies. This feature significantly improves the system's capacity, accommodating more information transmission channels. In addition, different wavelengths provide diversity, reducing the likelihood of interference and enhancing the reliability of communication in complex hospital settings with various electronic devices [29]. * **Employment of Received Signal Strength (RSS) method:** The RSS methodology is preferred for its ability to precisely measure signal strength, which correlates directly with the distance between the transmitter and receiver. This method offers a more accurate and stable distance estimation compared to other techniques, such as Time of Flight (ToF) or Angle of Arrival (AoA), which can be susceptible to environmental interference and multipath effects. In a hospital environment, where precision is paramount, the robustness and reliability of RSS make it a superior choice. * **Integration of the PSO scheme in trilateration:** The incorporation of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) scheme within the trilateration algorithm improves the efficiency of the method in determining the precise location of equipment or instruments. PSO is particularly adept at optimizing complex, non-linear functions, making it well suited for refining the calculation of coordinates in a three-dimensional space. This adaptability and optimization capability contribute to minimizing localization errors, which is critical in healthcare settings where accuracy is non-negotiable [30]. * **Advantages over other methods:** Compared to traditional technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth, and RFID, the proposed method excels in addressing the unique challenges posed by hospital environments.