## 5 Conclusions  
In this work, we presented the screening of 16 commercially available lipase formulations for the DES-mediated and lipase-catalyzed production of glycolipid sorbitol-6-O-laurate. We determined the influence of several factors, such as time of reaction, enzyme dosage, substrate concentration and water content, when using Novozym 435(r) as bio-catalyst owing to our newly HPLC-ELSD quantification method. We, therein, elucidatedand identified, with complete spectroscopy and spectrometry analysis, the structure of the targeted compound. To finalize our report, we brought evidence of the possible scalability of the process and its importance for sustainable biocatalysis by highlighting analogous knowledge and facts from the literature. Overall, we show that despite many challenges and limitations, DESs demonstrate factually potential for mediating bioprocesses. Thus, it is foreseeable that more and more concrete applications will emerge concerning this specific topic.  
The following are available online, Figure S1: Chromatogram of HPLC-ELSD separation of extracts from glycolipid synthesis. At 2.1 min elutes the sorbitol, at 3.6 min the sorbitol-6-O-laurate and around 9.5 min the lauric acid (not integrated); Figure S2: 2D-NMR experiment: \({}^{1}\)H-\({}^{1}\)H COSY of SL; Figure S3: 2D-NMR experiment: \({}^{1}\)H-\({}^{1}\)H TOCSY of SL; Figure S4: 2D-NMR experiment: \({}^{1}\)H-\({}^{13}\)C HSQC of SL; Figure S5: 2D-NMR experiment: \({}^{1}\)H-\({}^{13}\)C HMBC of SL; Figure S6: Mass spectroscopy using ESI-Q measurements: spectra of the purified sorbitol-6-O-laurate; Figure S7: (A) Chromatogram of the flash-chromatography purification of sorbitol-6-O-laurate. (B) Chromatogram for the purity assessment of the resulting sorbitol-6-O-laurate standard; Figure S8: Chromatogram for the purity assessment of the resulting sorbitol-6-O-laurate from the STR production using liquid-liquid extraction for DSP.  
Conceptualization, A.D.; methodology, A.D., O.O., H.S., C.M.-G. and K.O.; formal analysis, A.D., O.O., L.L., H.S. and C.M.-G.; investigation, A.D., O.O., L.L., H.S. and C.M.-G.; writing--original draft preparation, A.D.; writing--review and editing, A.D., O.O., H.S., C.M.-G. and K.O.; supervision, C.S. and K.O.; funding acquisition, C.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work by [PERSON] was supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF Allianz Biotenside AZ: 031B0469C). H.S. acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy via the Excellence Cluster 3D Matter Made to Order (EXC-2082/1-390761711). C.M.G. acknowledges funding by the Helmholtz-Society. We gratefully thank the Open Access Publishing Fund of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.  
Not applicable.  
The main data presented in this study are available in the Supplementary Materials.  
The authors gratefully acknowledge [PERSON] (Denmark) for the gift of enzyme formulations that helped this work and especially [PERSON]. We thank [PERSON] from c-Lecta (Germany) for the gift of Calb Immo Plus(r). Additionally, we thank [PERSON] from Macherey-Nagel (Germany) for his advice concerning chromatography purification. We also express deep thanks to [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and the team of [PERSON] from the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the KIT (Karlsruhe, Germany) for performing the MS analysis.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.  
Samples of sorbitol-6-O-laurate are available from the authors.