# A Review on Two-Phase Volumetric Expanders and Their Applications
## 6 Two-Phase Vane Expander
### Literature Review of Two-Phase Vane Expander
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Article,** & **Yerar** & **Study** & **Use** & **Fluid** & **V** & **BVR** & **Pin** & **T\({}_{in}\)** & **P\({}_{out}\)** & **N** & **\(\dot{in}\)** & **P** & **Pin** & **Pin** & **Pin** & **Pin** & **Pin** \\
[60] & E & HP & CO\({}_{2}\) & & & 8.35 & & 4.51-4.94 & 1800– & 673 & 0.348– & 0.19– & & 0.17– & 0.30 \\ \hline
[61] & \multirow{2}{*}{Nc, E} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(2.1\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(7.5\)–\(9.0\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(32.4\)–\(4.3\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(4.8\)–\(6.4\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(400\)––\(1400\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.17\)–\(0.28\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.28\)–\(0.30\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.17\)–\(0.30\)} \\
2009 & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[61] & \multirow{2}{*}{E} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{CO\({}_{2}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(7.5\)–\(9.0\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(32.4\)–\(4.8\)–\(6.4\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(4.8\)–\(6.4\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(400\)–\(1400\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.17\)–\(0.28\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.17\)–\(0.30\)} \\
2009 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[63] & \multirow{2}{*}{E} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{CO\({}_{2}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.064\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(2.0\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(9.1\)–\(35\)–\(45\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(4.1\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(1000\)–\(2500\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.8\)–\(0.9\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.5\)–\(0.7\)} \\
2008 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[65] & \multirow{2}{*}{E} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{CO\({}_{2}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(7.91\)–\(8.98\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(34\)–\(42\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(3.78\)–\(4.08\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(800\)–\(1900\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(660.5\)–\(0.78\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.15\)–\(0.98\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.45\)–\(0.45\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.22\)–\(0.25\)} \\
2011 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[66] & \multirow{2}{*}{Nc} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{CO\({}_{2}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(1\)–\(3\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(1.729\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.584\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.85\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.85\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.85\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.85\)} \\
2007 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[67] & \multirow{2}{*}{E} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{R2134a} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(5.0\)–\(7.5\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.854\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(1.0\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(800\)–\(3000\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(331.2\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.4\)–\(0.36\)–\(0.6\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.47\)–\(0.37\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.37\)–\(0.6\)} \\
2010 & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
[69] & \multirow{2}{*}{Nc} & \multirow{2}{*}{HP} & \multirow{2}{*}{CO\({}_{2}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(1.69\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(9.0\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(35\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(4.5\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(3000\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.138\)–\(0.312\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.198\)–\(0.427\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(0.487\)–\(0.775\)} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}
2011 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Experimental and numerical results related to two-phase vane expanders. The last investigation related to the application of the two-phase vane expanders in CO\({}_{2}\) transcritical vapor compression refrigeration cycles was carried out in 2011 by [PERSON] et al. [65]. In particular, they experimentally investigated a prototype where high-pressure gas was introduced into the vane slots (together with springs) to decrease the leakage and friction losses. This implied a significant improvement of the vane movement and a tight contact between the cylinder wall and vanes. The measured outlet power was 0.98 kW, the volumetric efficiency was 0.35, and the isentropic efficiency was 0.45 at the inlet pressure of 9 MPa, inlet temperature of 42 \({}^{\circ}\)C and rotational velocity of 1500 rpm, respectively. An additional application of the two-phase twin-screw expanders was investigated between the late 2000s and early 2010s, in particular in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The review in this field is described as follows.