## 4 Capacity Analysis for Each Topology
### Application to Gimpo Airport  
For the current parking space of Gimpo Airport assumed as having a single story, the capacities of each linear, satellite, and pier topologies are shown in Figures 27-32, respectively, by applying the regulations of the FAA and EASA. The utilization and capacity for the satellite topology are calculated as the average of operating one TLOF pad and two gates and one TLOF pad and four gates because TLOF pads cannot share a gate. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Number of TLOF Pads** & **1** \\ \hline Number of gates & 4 \\ TLOF pad utilization (\%) & 91.7 \\ Gate utilization (\%) & 61.9 \\ Gate holding (\%) & 8.3 \\ Maximum number of passengers per hour & 80 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Analysis results of vertiport consisting of one TLOF and four gates. Figure 26: Example of vertiport capacity (one TLOF pad, four gates). Figure 28: The satellite topology capacity of the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the FAA’s new regulations: **(a)** 1 TLOF, 3 Gates; **(b)** 1 TLOF, 4 Gates. Figure 27: The linear topology capacity of the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the FAA’s new regulations. Figure 30: Capacity of a linear topology for the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the EASA’s new regulations. Figure 29: The pier topology capacity of the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the FAA’s new regulations. As shown in Table 7, the pier topology with 2 TLOF pads and 12 gates shows the best efficiency with 100% TLOF pad utilization. In addition, the arrival/departure pair (12, 12) with the most departures can be selected from the max-throughput because departures are important as a criterion for determining the number of accommodated passengers. Assuming that this vertiport operates an eVTOL aircraft carrying 4 passengers, excluding the pilot, it can carry 48 passengers in 15 min, through 48 arrivals and 48 departures, and can accommodate a total of 192 passengers per hour if 1 h operation time is used instead of 15 min. Figure 31: Capacity of a satellite topology for the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the EASA’s new regulations: (a) 1 TLOF, 4 Gates; (b) 1 TLOF, 5 Gates. Figure 32: Capacity of a pier topology for the current Gimpo Airport parking lot that complies with the EASA’s new regulations. As shown in Table 8, the satellite topology that complies with the EASA's new regulations shows the best efficiency with 95.8% TLOF pad utilization. In addition, the arrival/departure pair (18, 16) with the most departures can be selected from the max-throughput because departures are important as a criterion for determining the number of accommodated passengers. Assuming that this vertiport operates an eV-TOL aircraft carrying 4 passengers, excluding the pilot, it can accommodate a total of 256 passengers per hour. In the same way, the capacities of the linear, satellite, and pier topologies for the expanded space of Gimpo Airport are shown in Figures 33-38, respectively, by applying the regulations of the FAA and EASA. As shown in Table 9, the satellite topology with 3 TLOF pads and 11 gates shows the best efficiency of 88.9% TLOF pad utilization. For (18, 14) arrival/departure pairs with the maximum departures, assuming an eVTOL carrying 4 passengers, it can carry 56 passengers in 15 min, and can accommodate a total of 272 passengers with 72 arrivals and 68 departures per hour if 1 h operation time is used instead of 15 min. As shown in Table 10, the pier topology that complies with the EASA's new regulations shows the best efficiency with 100% TLOF pad utilization. In addition, the arrival/departure pair (24, 24) with the most departures can be selected from the max-throughput because departures are important as a criterion for determining the number of accommodated passengers. Assuming that this vertiport operates an eVTOL aircraft carrying 4 passengers, excluding the pilot, it can accommodate a total of 384 passengers per hour.