# Study on the Influence of Rock Shape on Rolling Distance
## 5 Experimental Results and Theoretical Formula Calculation Comparison  
### Comparison Analysis for Single Slope Characteristics  
To validate the precision of the calculation formulas, we compared the experimental results of test blocks with diverse shapes rolling on wooden boards, the backside of ceramic tiles, and artificial turf to the outcomes derived from the formulas. These comparisons are illustrated in Figures 26-28. The discrepancies between the computed results obtained from the formulas and the experimental measurements for test blocks rolling on various rolling surface materials were as follows: 5.7% for wooden boards, 5.2% for the backside of ceramic tiles, and 7.5% for artificial turf. The relatively substantial error observed in the case of artificial turf can be ascribed to its lower hardness in comparison to the test blocks, leading to considerable surface deformation while rolling. Moreover, the uneven distribution of hardness and surface irregularities on the turf heightened the probability of test block deviations and energy dissipation during rolling, consequently resulting in a greater disparity between the computed and experimental outcomes. In contrast, wooden boards, which exhibited lower hardness than the test blocks, induced minimal surface deformation during the rolling process due to their high surface flatness. This minimized the likelihood of test block deviations and, as a result, diminished the error between the experimental and computed results. In the case of the backside of ceramic tiles, possessing hardness akin to that of the test blocks, the surface displayed shallow, fine-striped grooves, which were significantly smaller in dimension compared to the test block size. Consequently, the rolling behavior of the test block on the backside of ceramic tiles was essentially tantamount to rolling on a flat surface. Moreover, the minimal deformation of the rolling surface, attributable to its higher hardness, led to the smallest discrepancy between the experimental and computed values. The average discrepancies for test blocks A, B, and C were determined to be 8.4%, 7.1%, and 3%, correspondingly. In the analysis of test block A's shape characteristics, it was observed that the equal lengths of its long and short rolling axes resulted in consistent challenges in overcoming rolling resistance during the rolling process. Nevertheless, this  
Figure 28: Experimental and calculated comparison for test blocks rolling on artificial turf. Figure 27: Experimental and calculated comparison for test blocks rolling on the backside of ceramic tiles. also heightened the probability of test block A altering its rolling axis during the rolling, resulting in deviation as it transitioned from the slope to the ground. The block retained its rolling posture on the ground as it departed from the slope, which induced axis variation and deviation. This phenomenon contributed to escalated rolling resistance, a reduction in the rolling distance, and ultimately led to calculated values surpassing experimental values. In the case of test block B, an increase in the number of sides in its cross-sectional shape resulted in a reduction in rolling resistance caused by its shape. Moreover, a notable disparity in resistance was observed when rolling around the long and short axes. Additionally, the preservation of its original rolling axis during the rolling process, enabled by the constraint of rotational inertia, diminished the probability of axis variation. As a result, the observed error was mainly attributable to block deviation during the rolling process. Test block C demonstrated comparable rolling characteristics to test block B when on the ground. Nevertheless, its shape-induced rolling resistance was minimal, leading to reduced chances and magnitude of deviation during rolling. Typically, during experiments, test block C consistently rolled in a straight line, yielding longer rolling distances and minimal discrepancies between calculated and experimental values.