# Nexus between Building Information Modeling and Internet of Things in the Construction Industries
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Nexus between Building Information Modeling and Internet of Things  
As a result of advancements in technology, building systems have gotten more complicated than ever before to account for things like advanced technologies, security concerns, and eco-friendliness. Hence. Integrating BIM with IoT will help to overcome these challenges and helps to proffer lasting solutions to the concerns.  
Building Information Modeling (BIM) combined with real-time data from IoT devices creates a strong concept for improving construction and operating efficiency [57]. Integrating real-time data streams from the constantly growing number of IoT sensing devices to strong BIM models opens up a world of possibilities. Nevertheless, considering BIM and IoT device integration research is still in its infancy, it is necessary to comprehend the current state of BIM and IoT device integration. BIM and IoT data provide unique views on the construction project that balance each other's limitations. At the construction component level, BIM models provide high-resolution representations of the project. Whereas data collection for a construction project can be enhanced using an IoT platform that provides real-time and recordable status from actual construction and activities. An extensive study by [PERSON] et al. [19] shows that BIM-IoT integration in the construction industries is applicable in four different domains namely: Construction operation and monitoring; health and safety management; construction logistics and management; facility management. The details of the BIM-IoT integration possibilities are summarized in Figure 4. The specific applications of the BIM-IoT integration in the construction operation and monitory domain include onsite environment monitory, resource monitory, communication, and collaboration as well as construction performance and progress monitory. In the health and safety management domain, the specific applications are health and safety training as well as onsite monitoring for health and safety. The construction logistic and management domain has automation in fabrication and lean construction as possible areas of BIM-IoT integration. While the facility management domain has building operation and maintenance, building performance management, energy management as well as disaster and emergency response as possible areas of BIM-IoTs integration opportunities.  
Various ways to facilitate the integration of IoT and BIM systems have previously been presented in the literature. [PERSON] & [PERSON] [58] presented the integration of BIM and IoT in construction logistic management. The study evaluated the new characteristics of building logistics management in the context of big data, developed a collaborative logistics management system with data-driven and BIM technology and assessed the collaborative logistics management solution based on big data. [PERSON] et al. [20] opened that integrating BIM and IoT could produce a smart and sustainable environment. The authors suggested a modular design for integrated BIM-IoT systems based on their analysis. The authors include several blocks for the insertion of data from BIM systems and IoT middleware. All data were collected into a Central Control Unit, which is composed of several highly specialized sub-blocks that facilitate data collecting, storage, sharing among the unit's other blocks, presentation, and the application of Artificial Intelligence algorithms to fine-tune acquired data. [PERSON] & [PERSON] [59] investigate the integration of BIM and IoT in the construction safety risk of underground engineering construction. The authors analyzed the new characteristics of BIM and logistics management in the era of big data and IoT, building the logistics collaborative management platform based on big data and BIM technology, as well as an evaluation of the logistics collaborative management platform.