## 6 Conclusions  
In this paper, the thermal dynamic equilibrium of heat generation and heat dissipation in conductor structures, along with the evolution of their temperature field under extreme high-amperage current conditions, is analyzed. The key factors influencing the performance of conductor structures, namely the current-carrying cross-sectional area and contact area, are compared. Additionally, the dynamic effects of heat generation and heat dissipation are thoroughly examined through both extreme high-amperage current discharge experiments and multiphysics coupling simulations of the conductor structures. This dual verification provides a theoretical foundation and evaluation method for assessing the key factors affecting a battery's ability to withstand extreme high-amperage current, offering significant engineering practical value. Based on above analysis and discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn:1. Through a comprehensive evaluation method involving theoretical derivation, multiphysics coupling finite element analysis, and experimental verification, it has been confirmed that both the cross-sectional area and the contact area of the conductor structures are closely linked to the battery's ability to withstand extreme high-amperage current condition. 2. Under extreme high-current conditions and fixed welding areas, the positive conductor structure reaches the fusing temperature threshold of 660 \({}^{\circ}\)C within 0.45 s, indicating rapid heat accumulation. By increasing the conductor's cross-sectional area by 50%, the current-carrying duration improves modestly from 0.75 s to 0.8 s, demonstrating that enlarging the cross-sectional area alone is not sufficient for substantial thermal performance enhancement. 3. The dynamic effects of heat generation and heat dissipation in conductor structures differ markedly from those observed under low-current conditions. For low currents, increasing the cross-sectional area promotes thermal balance. However, for extreme high-amperage currents, it is necessary to simultaneously adjust both the cross-sectional area (to reduce heat generation) and the contact area (to enhance heat dissipation efficiency) to balance the difference between heat generation and heat dissipation. 4. By introducing a welded reinforcement structure, the thermal conduction path transitions from a \"welding-dominant\" to a \"welding-contact synergy\" model. This optimization involves a similar increase in cross-sectional area compared to the traditional design and an additional 100% increase in contact area, ultimately extending the current-carrying duration to 1.73 s (230% of traditional design's current-carrying duration). This synergy between structure and thermal balance significantly enhances the current-handling capacity of the conductor. Conceptualization, J.G. and H.L. ; methodology, J.G. ; software, Y.W. ; validation, Y.W. and H.L. ; formal analysis, J.G. and Y.W. ; investigation, J.G. and Y.W. ; resources, Y.L. ; data curation, Y.L. ; writing--original draft preparation, J.G. ; writing--review and editing, H.L. and X.Y. ; visualization, Y.L. ; supervision, H.L. ; project administration, Y.W. and H.L. ; funding acquisition, Y.W. and H.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project, 252102520048, and the Doctor Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Henan University of Science and Technology, 13480087, 13480130. Not applicable. Data available on request from the authors. One of the authors, [PERSON], would like to express sincere gratitude for the financial support provided by the Central Plains Talent Program--Central Plains Young Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Project in Henan Province. This support has been crucial in facilitating the research presented in this work. The authors also extend their appreciation to all collaborators and institutions involved in this study.