## 1 Introduction
### Protocol and Information Provided by the WAT  
First of all, it is important to know how this test was initially designed and its original protocol in order to then give the guidelines for its possible adaptations. The WAT requires pedalling with lower or upper limbs for 30 s, at maximum speed and against constant resistance. It is important to make the athlete understand that this is a maximum effort test. It is also important to know that maximum pedalling cadence peaks within 5 s of the test starting. Resistance is predetermined to produce supra-maximal mechanical power (equivalent to 2-4 times maximum aerobic power) and to elicit a noticeable increase in fatigue (i.e., a drop in mechanical power) within the first few seconds. In its simplest form, a cyclo-ergometer or mechanical bicycle can be used that has a device enabling the load to be added manually, as well as a revolutions per minute counter and a stopwatch to record these revolutions every five seconds. In laboratories, this equipment is often used for the above-mentioned types of tests. The original version of the WAT recorded the following activities [10]:  
* Warm-up: Roll 3-4 min at 60 rpm with 60 w (women) and 90 w (men), with two or three 3-4 s sprints being interspersed at maximum speed;
* After the warm-up: The subject rests for 2 min before performing the test;
* The original test weight/load used for the WAT was 7.5% of the participant's body mass, or 0.075 kg per kg of body weight [3]. This original workload was selected based on the use of young subjects rather than on adult (\(>\)18 years) or athletic populations The test is carried out as follows:
* Body mass (kg) is calculated by weighing with the minimum possible clothing/accessories;
* The weight/resistance that will be applied to the subject in the test is calculated: 7.5% of the participant's body mass, i.e., the subject's body weight in kg.0.075. The test: the subject starts pedalling at 60 rpm for about 10 s without resistance, and there is a 3 s countdown, after which the test resistance is set and the subject pedals at maximum power output for 30 s. The last 3 s of the test will be counted down. Once finished, the subject continues to ride at 60-80 rpm without resistance for at least 2-3 min. Although the test was originally designed with a jump-start, i.e., before starting the test, the subjects were asked to start pedalling as quickly as possible (without a load). Once they had reached about 80 revolutions per minute, the load was placed on the cyclo-ergometer and the stopwatch was started. This procedure was used to reduce any error associated with the work required to accelerate the flywheel. However, nowadays, most authors carry out the test with a stopped start, in the same way as a track cyclist would in a 500 m race, as cyclo-ergometers are capable of recording data from each of the pedalling operations performed. The information we can obtain from the test is as follows [17]:  
1. Peak Power: The highest level of power reached during the test is usually within the first 10 s if the test is performed properly. With electromagnetic cyclo-ergometers equipped with force sensors on the pedals or mechanical cyclo-ergometers equipped with high-resolution pedalling speed sensors, it is possible to calculate maximum instantaneous power in one pedalling [18; 19], which is a good measure of maximum anaerobic power. This value indicates the power generation capacity of the ATP-PCr system;
2. Relative PP: This value is obtained by dividing peak power by the weight of the subject. This result is of greater use than the previous one for the purpose of comparing subjects, since relatively speaking, a subject with less mass can reach higher energy levels than an athlete with more mass. PEmax = Pmax/mass (kg). The result is given in w/kg;
3. Mean power: The average power reached over 30 s. This value represents the capacity to produce energy through the ATP-PCr system and glycolytic metabolism-anaerobic capacity;
4.