# Blockchain Applications in Agribbusiness: A Systematic Review
## 3 Results and Discussion
### A Qualitative Systematic Review
#### 3.2.5 Blockchain Application for Agriculture (Farm) in Agribusiness  
Agriculture is one of the most relevant fields in a country, since its production provides food security, nutrition, and health of the population, besides maximizing the economy. In recent years, the agricultural sector has adopted different technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, to reach higher yields in production processes [61]. Authors such as [PERSON] [17], [PERSON] et al. [62], [PERSON] et al. [24], and [PERSON] et al. [63] have been dedicated to researching the use of blockchain in agriculture, essentially directed to the production traceability. [PERSON] et al. [62] proposed an agricultural product based on blockchain and logical architecture in the supply chain, aiming at the involvement and adherence of farmers to technologies to minimize the problem of mutual trust. Those authors presented a food safety traceability system based on blockchain and Electronic Product Code (EPC) Information Services. They developed a prototype to track the product from the farm to the end consumer. [PERSON] et al. [64] suggested a collaborative tracking system based on blockchain and Electronic Product Code Information Services (EPCIS). The system adopts a smart contract at an innovative business level to solve the issues of disclosing information sensitive to data adulteration and reliability. [PERSON] et al. [65] analyzed smart contracts and the use of blockchain in fruits and vegetables in India, addressing sustainability issues in human relations between facilitators and Agriculture Supply Chain (ASC) practitioners. The intention was to convince the organizations to adopt blockchain in their supply chains to track production from farms to the final consumer. [PERSON] [47] and [PERSON] et al. [63] created blockchain inspired by IoT, that is, an architecture to create a transparent food supply chain. For this purpose, they used blockchain, IoT,and RFID indexing terms. According to the authors, the sensing modality was integrated with the identification for tracking and monitoring the quality of the packages, with the food being digitized at different times along the way and the sensor data being updated, in real time, using blockchain, providing a counterfeit-proof digital history. Therefore, any consumer can check, in public accounting, the information on the food packages. [PERSON] et al. [66] proposed a prototype for the certification and traceability of food products, aiming at tracing the origins of the raw materials without revealing confidential business information. They used the code within Rinkeby Testnet blockchain, applying it to practical examples, including peanuts, cocoa, and apple juice, which are basic ingredients of recipes, thus, demonstrating the feasibility of using the Ingredient Token (IGR) as a methodological figure of certification of ingredients from the farmer to the final consumer, without exposing the formula of the product mixture. [PERSON] et al. [67] presented a proposal for agriculture with a smart greenhouse, based on activities managed by blockchains, which works through IoT devices. In the project, the authors exhibited this model to achieve security, a light and decentralized privacy project, optimization of resources, and energy consumption. [PERSON] et al. [68] outlined a project, based on an IoT system, used to monitor gardens, controllable from anywhere using a smartphone. The system uses input data collected in real time by sensors that guide farmers and gardeners with a mobile device displaying a list of suggested plants, according to the climate of a particular region. [PERSON] et al. [69] demonstrated the application of blockchain to citrus fruit production in Italy, specifically that referring to Near Field Communication (NFC), in which the process phases involving orange juice are: production, processing, distribution, and sales, with records in a digital profile.