## 4 Results and Discussion
### Case Study for DMSA in Dynamic Scheduling
#### 4.2.3 Simulation Results Analysis  
After iterations of APSOA in static scheduling, the initial plan is output, as shown in Table 7. In the initial plan, visible light Target17 is not allocated any satellite resources because of limitation in time window (the target cannot be observed by any optical payload satellite due to lighting constraints). Then, we set an emergency circumstance where a  
Figure 7: Comparison of scheduling time between DMSA and CPSOA. satellite malfunction occurs: Target8, Target12, and Target21 cannot be observed as planned. Moreover, 5 emergency targets with high priority are added. After dynamic scheduling, for those initial targets with malfunction problems, microwave Target8 and Target12 are rescheduled to new satellite resources with new time windows; visible light Target30 is deleted from plan due to limited time window. For those newly arrived missions, all targets except for the visible light Target31 are directly inserted to new scheduling plan. Target31 is deleted because it cannot be observed by any satellite. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **S1** & **S2** & **S3** & **S4** & **S5** & **S6** \\ \hline Type & Sar & Opt & Sar & Sar & Opt & Opt \\ Resolution & 0.5 & 0.3 & 0.7 & 0.7 & 0.5 & 0.3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Satellite Information. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Target ID**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Priority**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Geographical Position**} & **Observation Type** & **Resolution Requirement** \\ \hline Target1 & 4 & (113\({}^{\circ}\) W, 56\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.7 \\ Target2 & 4 & (176\({}^{\circ}\) W, 43\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target3 & 4 & (121\({}^{\circ}\) W, 29\({}^{\circ}\) S) & visible light & 0.5 \\ Target4 & 3 & (40\({}^{\circ}\) W, 11\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target5 & 4 & (113\({}^{\circ}\) E, 49\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.7 \\ Target6 & 5 & (160\({}^{\circ}\) W, 55\({}^{\circ}\) S) & visible light & 0.6 \\ Target7 & 4 & (32\({}^{\circ}\) E, 26\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target8 & 2 & (89\({}^{\circ}\) E, 33\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target9 & 3 & (153\({}^{\circ}\) W, 27\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target10 & 3 & (112\({}^{\circ}\) E, 12\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target11 & 5 & (36\({}^{\circ}\) W, 19\({}^{\circ}\) S) & visible light & 0.4 \\ Target12 & 4 & (9\({}^{\circ}\) W, 60\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target13 & 2 & (7\({}^{\circ}\) W, 47\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0.5 \\ Target14 & 4 & (119\({}^{\circ}\) W, 51\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target15 & 2 & (78\({}^{\circ}\) E, 43\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target16 & 4 & (89\({}^{\circ}\) W, 9\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target17 & 4 & (141\({}^{\circ}\) E, 2\({}^{\circ}\) S) & visible light & 0.5 \\ Target18 & 2 & (42\({}^{\circ}\) W, 32\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0.4 \\ Target19 & 1 & (17\({}^{\circ}\) W, 49\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0.6 \\ Target20 & 5 & (78\({}^{\circ}\) E, 37\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.7 \\ Target21 & 3 & (15\({}^{\circ}\) E, 18\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0.5 \\ Target22 & 2 & (43\({}^{\circ}\) E, 28\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.7 \\ Target23 & 2 & (151\({}^{\circ}\) E, 4\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target24 & 4 & (137\({}^{\circ}\) W, 18\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target25 & 4 & (49\({}^{\circ}\) W, 44\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0.5 \\ Target26 & 2 & (13\({}^{\circ}\) W, 44\({}^{\circ}\) S) & microwave & 0.9 \\ Target27 & 1 & (46\({}^{\circ}\) W, 45\({}^{\circ}\) N) & microwave & 0.8 \\ Target28 & 3 & (113\({}^{\circ}\) E, 19\({}^{\circ}\) N) & visible light & 0 As shown in Table 8, it can be seen that in this scenario, 29 of 30 targets are scheduled under regular circumstances.