## 3 Results and Discussion
### Discussion  
This study follows a practical evaluation methodology rather than a predictive modelling approach. By physically producing and analysing five distinct knitted designs, the work explores the structural responses of complex knit macrostructures under standardised washing conditions, highlighting practical insights for intelligent textile manufacturing. A comparative summary of the key characteristics of all five samples, including production parameters and shrinkage performance, is provided in Table 9.  
The five knitted samples demonstrate how structural design, module selection, and stitch configuration directly affect production parameters and post-wash dimensions. Sample 1 incorporates complex Aran and Cable modules, forming highly embossed patterns with dense loop formations. The sample exhibits the highest shrinkage in length (\(26.17\%\)), which can be attributed to the structural tension resulting from the compact stitch configuration. The relatively short production time (\(3\) min) reflects the linear construction of the design, despite its visual complexity, and is not associated with the observed shrinkage. The moderate shrinkage in width (\(6.25\%\)) indicates that the deformation is predominantly vertical. These findings suggest that visually rich and dense macrostructures may require compensation in product sizing or the use of alternative yarns to achieve greater dimensional stability. Sample 2, also based on Cable and Aran elements but arranged more symmetrically and with consistent density, shows minimal shrinkage in length (\(4.76\%\)) and expansion in width (\(-6.28\%\)). Although it has the longest production time (\(9\) min) due to the repetition \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Sample**} & **Main Modules** & **Visual** & **Production** & **Shrinkage** & **Shrinkage** & **Area** & **Dimensional** & **Notes** \\  & **Used** & **Complexity** & **Time (min)** & **Length (\%)** & **Width (\%)** & **Shrinkage (\%)** & **Stability** & **Used** \\ \hline
**1** & Aran + Cable & High & 3 & 26.17 & 6.25 & 30.69 & Low & Dense structure, vertical shrinkage \\ \hline
**2** & Cable + Aran & Moderate & 9 & 4.76 & \(-6.28\) & 1.22 & High & Most stable overall \\ \hline
**3** & Pointelle (openwork) & Moderate & 3 & \(-6.52\) & \(-7.50\) & \(-13.64\) & Low & Structure expands \\ \hline
**4** & Text motif (knit/pull) & Moderate & 10 & \(-7.29\) & 6.25 & 0.01 & Low– Moderate & Unstable in length \\ \hline
**5** & Pointelle (geometric) & Moderate & 5 & 11.11 & 10.00 & 19.99 & Moderate & Balanced shrinkage, good control \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 9: Summary of structural and performance characteristics of the samples. of symmetrical cable elements, its post-wash behaviour indicates high structural stability. This balance between complexity and consistency makes it a promising option for precise, size-dependent textile products. Sample 3 employs Pointelle modules, generating a lightweight openwork structure through frequent half-loop transfers. The sample shows negative shrinkage (\(-\)6.52% in length, \(-\)7.50% in width), which in this context indicates dimensional expansion. This is probably due to internal relaxation of the structure during washing. With its low production time (3 min) but poor post-wash stability, such a structure may require reinforcement or pre-treatment when used in functional garments. Sample 4 includes a textual motif within the scarf structure, created through alternating knit and purl stitches. The pattern results in length expansion (\(-\)7.29%) and moderate shrinkage in width (6.25%), revealing asymmetrical dimensional properties. The longest production time (10 min) is expected due to the added complexity of stitch sequencing and motif placement. This design approach is suitable for visual or branding elements but may need structural compensation or stabilisation to ensure size retention. Sample 5 is developed using Pointelle modules in geometric arrangements.