## 1 Introduction  
The materials that are found surrounding us from nature can attain positive permittivity (\(\varepsilon\)) and permeability (\(\mu\)). Perversely, an artificial engineered structure that can achieve some exotic characteristics, which are not found in nature, is called a metamaterial (MM). When a metamaterial exhibits negative permittivity or negative permeability, then it is termed as a single-negative (SNG) metamaterial, and if attains both negatives, then it is named as a double-negative (DNG) metamaterial [1]. The characteristics of a metamaterial not only depend on its elements, but rather, it is quietly subjected to its configuration [2], i.e., dimension, pattern, etc. A theoretical metamaterial with negative permittivity (\(\varepsilon\)) and negative permeability (\(\mu\)) called a double-negative (DNG) metamaterial or left-handed metamaterial (LHM) was introduced by Russian physicist [PERSON] in 1968 [3]. Metamaterial researchers are fascinated by the metamaterials' cloaking, absorbing, blocking or meandering for their exotic electromagnetic properties [4; 5]. A metamaterialstructure embossed metal element showed the effect of temperature with the thickness of the metal [6]. This metamaterial is used for sensitive microwave sensor. A Greek-key pattern metamaterial of dimension 10 \(\times\) 10 mm\({}^{2}\) was fabricated using Rogers RT5880 that showed triple peaks of frequencies 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 4 GHz [7]. In ref. [8], [PERSON] et al. presented an epsilon-negative modified hexagonal-resonator-shaped metamaterial with EMR 11.53. Numerical analysis showed triple band resonance that covered the S-, X- and Ku-bands. In 2018, an experimental 3D metamaterial was demonstrated by [PERSON] et al. [9] based on thin wire assemblies with an SSR that showed LHM characteristics with wide bandwidth. For the advancement of technology, SNG metamaterials and LHM have great contributions. Metamaterials with synthetic dielectric substrates started to be used after the Second World War for microwave applications. In 2020, [PERSON] et al. [10] designed a rectangular SSR-shaped metamaterial based on sensor structure to detect the influence of humidity on concrete materials in open space. Another study presented an S-shaped metamaterial of EMR 4.8 [11]. This L-band metamaterial was dedicated to the application of microwave sensors. A substrate with a dimension of 12.5 \(\times\) 10 \(\times\) 1.5 mm\({}^{3}\) that was synthesised using a nickel-aluminate with a concentration of 42% aluminum [12] was designed for microwave application with the X- and Ku-bands. [PERSON] et al. proposed a metamaterial with negative permittivity (ENG) to enhance the horizontal gain of patch antenna [13]. In 2016, [PERSON] et al. [14] proposed a dual-band metamaterial (5 \(\times\) 5 mm\({}^{2}\) in dimension) with a reformed circular electric resonator (RCER) with an EMR 5.45 covering frequency ranges from 9.70 GHz to 10.50 GHz and 15 GHz to 15.70 GHz. In another study, a three-layered wide metamaterial in the terahertz frequency was designed for heavy solar radiation absorption [15]. Metamaterials that reveal a vigorous localisation and boost of field may deliver novel tools to significantly enhance the sensitivity and tenacity of sensors. [PERSON] et al. designed an ultrasensitive microwave sensor to monitor the glucose in blood serum concentration [16]. Meanwhile, [PERSON] et al. [17] recently introduced a reflective sensor that organises coupled split ring resonators as the front-end sensing element to be used in dielectric medium categorisation. It can used in dielectric medium categorisation. Meanwhile, a composite LR-handed based microfluidic sensor [18] exhibited resonance by surface capacitance and inductance. On the other hand, an NRI metamaterial that was based on SRR with wire strips is a 2D array of repeated unit cells [19]. Moreover, [PERSON] et al. designed a non-natural magnetic metamaterial using different types of SRRs which were printed on the dielectric substrate [20].