# Blockchain Technology and Its Potential to Benefit Public Services Provision: A Short Survey
## 3 Related Works  
Let us compare our findings with related reviews to delve into the unique contributions of our paper (see also Table 1 for a summary). In [14], the authors conducted an LR (including 32 papers published between 2016 and 2022) to address the data security concerns of thousands of individuals. To answer research questions concerning blockchain implementations in certain sectors of public administration and its challenges/disadvantages, the authors assessed existing literature following [PERSON]'s guidelines [15]. The main contribution of this paper is that it provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain adoption in public administration, focusing on potential applications as well as the stakeholders involved. The SLR was performed following a five-step guideline based on the Petersen principle [16]. The authors identified the following public services potentially affected by the blockchain, and real-world implementations are mentioned for some sectors of public administration. In [17], the authors propose an SLR (including 21 papers published between 2016 and 2017) that focuses on current research topics, challenges, and future directions for blockchain adoption in e-governments. The authors performed it by following [PERSON]'s guidelines. The vast majority of papers included in the review are conceptual; that is, they are not linked to practical implementations or empirical evidence. Challenges are organized using the TOE (technology-organization-environment) framework, and the main challenges identified are technology immaturity, organizational readiness and acceptability, regulatory uncertainty, and accessibility. In [18], the author conducts a survey of different blockchain use cases: notary (time-stamping) and (land and real estate) registry services, digital identity management, digital certificates and records, (multi-party and omni-purpose) platforms supporting a wide range of applications, digital sovereign fiat currencies (CBDCs), and international financial transactions. Illustrative examples are provided for each of the identified use cases. After presenting several use cases, the author chooses to focus on sovereign digital currency, digital identity management (seen as a prerequisite for other use cases), and blockchain as an omni-purpose platform that can be integrated to accommodate emerging applications/use cases. The authors in [19] present, to the best of our knowledge, the first SLR (including 92 papers, updated as of June 2020) on the use of blockchain technology across all the main public services. The authors followed the PRISMA guidelines [20] to address the main research questions concerning public services that are likely to be affected by blockchain and the risks/costs/benefits of blockchain technology for governments/civil servants/citizens. The 92 records included in the review are presented in terms of the field/journal of application, country of publication, method of analysis (theoretical vs. empirical), content (using a word cloud), and public services potentially affected. According to the authors, one of the main limitations of this work is its theoretical/abstract nature and the lack of empirical analyses focusing on cases that have already been implemented. In [21], the authors conduct a literature review (including 19 works published between 2015 and 2020) to identify e-government services that are likely to benefit from blockchain adoption, the types of technologies for the proposed solutions, and their corresponding maturity levels. Examples of case studies/real-world implementations are provided for each identified e-government service. In [22], the authors conduct an SLR (including 89 works published between 2008 and August 2020) of blockchain-based G2C e-government services to identify which use case-independent requirements the latter need to fulfill. The review was carried out following [PERSON]'s guidelines. Requirements are categorized by user/system/data.