## 1 Introduction
While these alternative mechanisms hold potential, they do not consistently meet the varying energy demands of IoT devices across dynamic industrial environments. These energy harvesting methods may offer a more resilient and adaptive energy solution, but within the context of an industrial environment, the availability of solar or thermal energy is highly limited, while the IoT devices cannot operate under vibration energy without disrupting the transmission process. Thus, the development of a suitable EH mechanism within an IoT network requires a clear understanding of the overall potential of the selected method. Recent research has explored the potential of combining ABCS and SWIPT to leverage their respective strengths. Several studies have proposed integrating ABCS and SWIPT in relay networks. While these approaches show promise in enhancing energy efficiency, they often rely on fixed configurations that may not adapt well to dynamic industrial environments. Furthermore, the complexity of implementing both technologies simultaneously may lead to increased hardware costs and potential reliability issues. These studies have also focused on optimizing various aspects of combined ABCS-SWIPT systems, such as power allocation, time scheduling, and antenna configurations [17; 18; 19]. While these studiesprovide valuable insights into system performance optimization, they often make simplifying assumptions about channel conditions or network topology that may not hold in real-world industrial settings. Also, the combination of other transmission techniques, such as visible light communication with energy harvesting-enabled SWIPT, creates complexities in the hardware units, making them less feasible and more cost-inefficient [20]. Another strand of research has explored innovative modulation schemes and communication protocols for hybrid systems [21; 22]. These approaches aim to improve spectral efficiency and energy harvesting capabilities. Yet, many of these proposed schemes require significant changes to existing hardware and protocols, potentially limiting their practical applicability in the near term. Despite these advances, achieving a balance between energy efficiency and data transmission rate remains a challenge, especially in dynamic and complex industrial environments. There is a lack of in-depth analysis on how to optimize this balance and on how to select the optimal approach for different application scenarios. This challenge is further compounded by the need to ensure that IoT devices can dynamically adapt to changing energy availability and network demands without compromising performance. Another aspect that has been studied is the use of systems with dynamic SWIPT ratio allocation. Although SWIPT offers flexibility in allocating signal power between EH and information decoding ID, its application in very-low-power environments presents specific limitations. In such settings, the power received may be insufficient to sustain both EH and ID simultaneously, even when dynamically adjusting the power split ratio. This limitation is particularly challenging in industrial environments where IoT devices operate with minimal power availability and may be reliant on inconsistent or weak RF sources. Additionally, continuous dynamic adjustments in the power splitting ratio to optimize energy and data needs can introduce higher processing overhead and complexity, which may be impractical for devices with limited computational resources. These constraints suggest that in ultra-low-power conditions, alternative or supplementary energy management techniques might be necessary to support consistent IoT device functionality [23; 24; 25]. To address these gaps, we propose a novel hybrid switching mechanism that dynamically selects between ABCS and SWIPT based on real-time channel conditions and energy requirements, optimizing for both energy efficiency and data transmission rate across various industrial scenarios.