# A Survey of the Effects of Vehicle Configuration on Urban Air Mobility +
## 3 Applications in UAM
This is while an air taxi typically has 4-8 passengers. This may increase up to 50 passengers for larger transport vehicles like air-bus and aerial tour vehicles;
* Range: PAVs should have a sufficient range to allow for travel within urban areas or to and from nearby cities or airports. This is almost equal for air-taxies with a little increase that allows for more flexible flight schedules. This is while larger transport vehicles are expected to travel to more distant cities or airports;
* Endurance: This has a direct relationship with the max range and depends on many factors like the source of energy and the number of passengers. Personal air vehicles designed for short-haul trips within urban areas may have a shorter endurance requirement than larger transport vehicles designed for longer-haul trips between cities;
* Flight altitude: the flight height will depend on the specific mission and may be influenced by factors such as airspace regulations, the presence of obstacles such as buildings or towers, and the desired level of noise pollution. Most UAM vehicles designed for urban transportation may need to fly at a lower altitude whereas larger transport vehicles flying between cities may need to fly at a higher altitude to avoid other air traffic;
* Speed: The speed of a UAM vehicle may be influenced by factors such as the distance to be traveled, the desired level of service frequency, and the competitive landscape. For example, air taxis designed for on-demand transportation within urban areas may need to be faster than ground-based transportation options to provide a competitive advantage, whereas larger transport vehicles flying between cities may prioritize fuel efficiency over speed. Comparing UAM applications to each other, larger transportation vehicles are required to have faster speeds;
* Source of energy: The choice of energy source will depend on the specific mission and may be influenced by factors such as the desired level of environmental sustainability, the availability and cost of different energy sources, and the desired level of noise pollution. For example, electric propulsion systems may be well-suited for personal air vehicles designed for short-haul trips within urban areas due to their lower noise and emissions compared to internal combustion engines, whereas larger transport vehicles may require more powerful and fuel-efficient engines for longer-distance travel. However, a primary challenge confronting electric UAM designs is battery performance. Current battery technology necessitates improvements in both energy capacity and recharge rate to fully realize the potential of UAM. In emergency situations, every second is important. That is why speed is so critical for UAM vehicles designed for emergency services. Emergency response aircraft may need to be able to travel long distances to reach remote or hard-to-access areas. Currently, aerial emergency services include traveling between cities. If we define or design UAM for in-city emergency situations the required range may be different. Emergency response aircraft may need to carry a variety of equipment and supplies, such as medical equipment, search and rescue gear, or firefighting equipment. Although this may vary based on the specific emergency case for which the aircraft is designed, it is not expected from a UAM emergency response aircraft to carry large cargoes. These aircraft need to be agile and highly maneuverable, allowing them to fly in tight spaces and land in difficult terrain. They also need to be able to hover and maintain a stable position above the accident area, to collect information, get pictures, or find the people which is only possible using specific configurations. The main requirement of cargo UAM aircraft is obviously high payload capacity. But it is not always true. The aircraft needs to be able to carry a variety of cargo, ranging from small packages to large and heavy items. The payload capacity, in fact, will depend on the specific mission the aircraft is designed for.