## 1 Introduction
The strengths and limitations of the so-called conventional exergy-based methods, especially of a conventional exergetic analysis, have already been discussed elsewhere. An advanced exergetic analysis can significantly reduce the most important limitations of a conventional analysis by evaluating (a) the detailed interactions among components of the overall system, and (b) the real potential for improving a system component. The main objective of advanced exergy-based analyses is to provide engineers with additional useful information for a better understanding and improving the design and operation of energy conversion systems. This information cannot be supplied by any other approach, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16]. An advanced exergetic analysis includes splitting the exergy destruction within each component into endogenous and exogenous parts and avoidable and unavoidable parts. A combination and an extension of these two splitting approaches provides engineers with additional, unambiguous, valuable and detailed information with respect to the options for improving the overall efficiency. This splitting of exergy destruction overcomes the most important limitations of a conventional exergetic analysis and, therefore, assists engineers in better understanding how thermodynamic inefficiencies are formed. Through several applications, the advantages of advanced exergetic analyses became clear, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16]. In this regard, [PERSON] et al. [17] conducted both an advanced and conventional analysis of exergy to explore the potentials of a supercritical coal power plant of 750 megawatt (MW). The results illustrated that the highest exergy destruction is related to the condenser (1.25%) and boiler (1.23%), respectively. Moreover, by improving the avoidable endogenous exergy destruction of the turbines, condenser and boiler, they would benefit more. The power plant had a total unavoidable exergy destruction of about 42.8%, while the power improvement potential was around 2.5%. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [18] simulated an integrated system including IRSOFC (Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) and a gas turbine based on an organic ranking cycle. They reported the increase of 1.1 MW and 7.7% in net power and the total efficiency of the cycle, respectively. Matched up with exergy analysis, the efficiency of the proposed system and initial base case was 40.95% and 37.3%, respectively. [PERSON] et al. [5] studied an advanced exergo-economic analysis of an exhaust waste recovery system of an internal combustion engine (IC) based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). An ORC uses a lower boiling point organic fluid to better match its operation to lower temperature heat sources. ORC systems can achieve better efficiencies than steam turbines for smaller systems (less than a few MWe). However, the capital and operating and maintenance (O and M) costs are higher per installed MW than for a water/steam system. ORC technology is being actively pursued for geothermal power applications because of its better match to lower temperature sources. ORC systems have been applied to a few modest sized linear concentrator concentrating solar power (CSP) systems, Lovegrove and Pye [19]. To specify the exergy destruction of components, the rate of product exergy, rate of fuel exergy and losses and different operating conditions were developed. The heat exchanger had the highest exergy destruction which included a shell and tube with the highest mean temperature in the cycle. However, the product cost rate (197.65 USD.GJ\({}^{-1}\)) and the fuel cost rate (47.85 USD.GJ\({}^{-1}\)) indicated that the organic fluid pump was a main component for improvement, with an exergo-economic factor greater than 91%. Moreover, the heat exchanger had the highest investment costs of 2.769 USD.h-1. [PERSON] et al. [20] proposed a solar based combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP) system from thermo-economic and thermodynamic perspectives. In this regard, advanced exergo-economic and exergo-environmental analyses were performed.