## 1 Introduction
[13] and [PERSON] et al. [29], but these studies only focused on the northwestern segment of the fault zone. This paper aims to utilize the three-dimensional deformation field obtained by integrating InSAR and GNSS data to assess the comprehensive characteristics of creeping movement along the XSHFZ. The XSHFZ experiences frequent and intense seismic activity, with previous studies indicating that historical earthquake records of magnitude 7.0 or higher since 1700 and magnitude 6.0 or higher since 1900 are complete for the XSHFZ region [34; 35; 36; 37; 38]. Within the XSHFZ, there have been nine significant earthquakes with a magnitude of \(M_{\rm S}\geq 7.0\) in the last 320 years since 1700. Additionally, 10 earthquakes with magnitudes larger than 6.0 have occurred in the XSHFZ since 1900 (Figure 1). The most recent earthquake of magnitude 6 or higher was the 6.8-magnitude Luding earthquake on 5 September 2022. In conjunction with seismic activity, several researchers have conducted studies around strong seismic activity behavior and seismic hazard. [PERSON] [10; 39; 40] and [PERSON] et al. [41] conducted thorough and systematic studies utilizing historically significant earthquakes, seismic activity parameters, and time-dependent probabilistic approaches for XSHFZ. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [42] established a rupture model based on the geologic parameters of the northwest segment of the XSHFZ,  
Figure 1: Seismotectonic background of the XSHFZ. **(a)** Index location map of the study area. The primary and secondary active landmass boundaries on the map are based on [PERSON] et al. [32]. **(b)** Segmentation and seismic activity characteristics of the XSHFZ. The fault zones depicted on the map are sourced from [PERSON] et al. [33]. Fault names: XSHF = XianshuIhe fault; LMSF = Longmenshan fault; LRBF = Longrigha fault; GZYSF = Ganzi-Yushu fault; ANHF = Anninghe fault; DLSF = Daling-shan fault; LJXJHF = Lijiang–Xiaojinhe fault; LTF = Litang fault; ZDDJF = Zhongdian–Daju fault; JSJF = Jinshajiang fault. The gray areas with numerical labels enclosed by dashed blue lines represent the seismic gaps in the XSHFZ and Longmenshan fault zone. LHS, DFS, QNS, KDS, and MXS represent the Luohuç, Daofu, Qianning, Kangding, and Moxi segments of the XSHFZ, respectively. The Kangding segment is divided into three sub-secondary faults: Ylaha fault (Yh.F), Selaha fault (Slh.F), and Zheduotang fault (Zdt.F). The green border signifies the trajectory of the InSAR data, where T26 denotes the ascending track and T135 signifies the descending track. and used the seismic moment method to assess the future seismic recurrence period of the northwest segment as 100-150 years. [PERSON] et al. [43] used b-value scanning to discuss the danger areas for future strong earthquakes in the south-central segment of the XSHFZ and concluded that there is a danger of strong earthquakes in the segment between Daofu and Qianning. [PERSON] et al. [44], [PERSON] et al. [45], and [PERSON] et al. [46], on the other hand, discussed the future risk of strong earthquakes in the XSHFZ through the relationship between the Coulomb stress changes and strong earthquakes. Most of the aforementioned studies have been conducted on specific segments of the fault zone, with the Coulomb stress analysis emphasizing the examination of triggering mechanisms between significant earthquakes. The XSHFZ traverses several cities such as Luhuo, Daofu, and Kangding from northwest to southeast. Given the large population residing along the fault zone, conducting a comprehensive study on the strong seismic hazard background of the XSHFZ holds great practical significance. The earthquake cycle is a process of energy accumulation and release, and it is necessary to systematically study the risk of strong earthquakes in the whole fault zone from the perspective of the balance between the accumulation and release of seismic moments. In this paper, the high-precision three-dimensional (3D) deformation field is obtained by integrating InSAR and GNSS data.