# The Use of Mobile Applications for Sustainable Development of SMEs in the Context of Industry 4.0
## 2 Materials and Methods
### \"Motivation\" Stage  
Since the proposed research was aimed at practical testing of the mobile application, as employee training and supporting tool in manufacturing enterprises, \"Motivation\" had to be supported not only by theory but also by the functionality of the application, which determined the main requirements for the mobile application sample:  
- access to digital work instructions [29; 30] and tests,  
- two-level access to learning materials: for managers and operators,  
- integrated data collection process about employees,  
- automatic data exchange with the enterprise's database,  
- feedback [31]. Figure 2: The enterprise’s cycle of innovation. Such requirements were proposed to reduce requirements on users and reduce the engagement of humans in the data collection and processing process [29; 30]. The emphasis on placing work instructions in the mobile application was justified by the fact that the company has mass production and the product range changes frequently. Changes in the range of products at the enterprise lead to constant training of employees and the creation of new work instructions. All employees' activities and test results automatically will be put into the general table of personnel assessments on the server. The managers' interface includes some more options such as:  
- quality reporting,  
- adding tests,  
- adding instructions,  
- access to collected data from welders. The structure of the mobile application was designed in accordance with the ERP program to reduce the time of data collection and proceeding. ERP program is used by all employees; therefore, it was important to connect the data collected by the mobile application and the ERP program within the database. The connection was realized on the level of the server. In theory and practice, a quantitative indicator of labor productivity is calculated with the use of strict values [32; 33]. To ensure soft adaptation to new technologies, a combination of classical methods and data collected from the application, namely the start and end times of work shifts, was proposed. Such application features were supposed to reduce the amount of paper documentation and data collection time. Time losses, production defects, and production downtime--all these factors directly affect the profit of the enterprise and its place in the market [34]. Based on this information, it follows that there is an important factor in providing sustainable HR management and adaptation [35] to new technologies. The mobile application in this way should be tested on the biggest part of employees, welders, because they create product quality in the enterprise. Managers provide support to this group of employees and create \"motivation\", which is why it was decided to test the application in two steps: on managers and welders. As \"motivation\" pros for managers, the following were selected:  
- Corporate E-learning or M-learning [36] takes from 40% to 60% less time than the traditional learning process [25],  
- 67% of people use mobile devices for access to E-learning courses and all active mobile phone users are 43 percent more productive than non-mobile devices users [34; 35],  
- Effectiveness of M-learning is proven by research by Globe News Wire, where it was written that in 2015, the mobile learning market was worth just 7.98 billion US dollars but by the end of 2019, that number had risen to 27.32 billion US dollars which proves that this market is promising. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a steady worldwide increase in mobile users.