## 2 Review Available Literature
### AA5083-Based MMCs  
[PERSON] et al. [40] is the founder of FSP-based composite production. In this investigation, composites were made using SiC as reinforcement and AA5083 alloy as the base material. They were successful in fabricating AA5083-SiC surface composites with various particle volume fractions. The surface of the AA5083 plates was cleaned before processing. A thin coating of silicon-carbide particles was formed on the surface of the plates by combining a small quantity of silicon-carbide powder with methanol. The process is the same as tape casting, with the exception that there is no binder in the mixture. After drying in air, the aluminium plates with a pre-applied SiC particle coating were exposed to FSP. The pin height of the tacking tool was 1.0 mm. The traverse rate and shoulder depth were changed while the tool was rotating at a constant speed of 300 rpm. To help with the forging process near the trailing edge of the shoulder, the tool spindle angle was fixed at 2.5\({}^{\circ}\). The results of the investigation showed that the thickness of the surface composite layer ranged from 50 \(\upmu\)m to 200 \(\upmu\)m. The aluminium base material was uniformly coated with silicon-carbide particles. When reinforced with silicon carbide with a volume percentage of 27 and an average particle size of 0.7 \(\upmu\)m, the surface composite has a microhardness of 173 HV, which is over twice that of the base material. The solid-state processing produced high-performance surface composites with very fine microstructures. In comparison to the base material, the microhardness and wear resistance were both 51% higher. [PERSON] et al. [41] used FSP to investigate the effect of processing variables on the formation of Al-Mg/copper composites. This work investigated the creation of an AA5083-copper surface composite layer employing aluminium alloy 5083 with copper particles by FSP. The FSP settings were 25 mm/min traverse speed, 750 rpm and 1900 rpm tool rotational speeds, and a tilt angle of 3\({}^{\circ}\). The microstructure was analysed using SEM and optical microscopy. The effects of FSP pass numbers, rotational speed, and copper particle size on particle distribution patterns, microstructure, and microhardness were investigated. The samples containing micro- and nano-sized particles had small grains and a higher level of microhardness, according to the findings. In terms of tensile strength and ductility, the nano-sized particle composite outperformed the AA5083. To determine the phases present in the nugget zone, X-ray diffraction experiments were performed on specimens FSPed with Cu particles. Some reactions between the alloying elements are seen in XRD observations. After four passes using Cu-reinforcing particles, a considerable increase in strength and hardness was noted. The chemical interaction between Cu particles and the aluminium material was also observed to increase with rotational speed. [PERSON] et al. [42] studied the mechanical properties of an AA5083-SiC surface composite made via FSP. A CNC milling machine's spindle was configured to rotate at 1200 rpm with a machine bed traverse speed of 40 mm of the FSP tool. The findings demonstrated a considerable increase in the microhardness of the surface composite produced on the friction-stir-processed sample layer by doping AA5083 with hard SiC particles via FSP. The microhardness is highest in the middle of the FSPed zone at 155 HV and drops to roughly 84 HV at a distance of around 2 mm from the middle of the FSPed zone on each side. Despite its enhanced hardness, the FSPed sample had a worse wear resistance than AA5083. During wear testing, the FSPed sample had a higher friction force and a high coefficient of friction. This might be owing to the greater friction force and coefficient of friction reported during wear testing in the FSPed sample. [PERSON] et al. [43] used FSP to examine how process variables and tool geometry affected the production of AA5083-Ni composites.