# Development and Application of Intelligent Temperature Control System for Large Aqueduct
## 1 Introduction  
A large aqueduct is a typical thin-walled structure. In the early stage of concrete pouring, the structural parts of aqueduct such as the main beam and the upper wall are prone to cracking under the influence of temperature rise caused by the heat of hydration and temperature drop caused by the changes of the ambient temperature, thus destroying the water tightness of the structure and promoting the infiltration of water and salt, which seriously affects the construction quality and durability of the projects [1,2]. Therefore, it is necessary to take certain temperature control and crack prevention measures for the concrete during the construction of the aqueduct. Water cooling is an important temperature control and crack prevention measure in the construction of massive concrete; domestic and foreign research on the cooling theory of concrete water pipes and its application have reached a certain breadth and depth. An artificial water-cooling method has become a key temperature control and crack prevention measure in the construction of massive concrete structures. However, the traditional water-cooling method mainly relies on manual operation, the accuracy of data collection is poor, low efficiency and poor regulation and control accuracy. Especially when the rate of temperature drop of concrete exceeds the standard, it is difficult to avoid the temperature deviation from the design control curve during the cooling process of concrete by adjusting the flow velocity of water pipe or cooling water temperature only by artificial experience, which leads to the cracking of concrete. The pipe cooling method was implemented in 1931 for the construction of the Owyhee Dam in Oregon [3]. This technique has been used in many countries to control the temperature of large concrete masses, because it is suitable and less expensive for large concretestructures [4,5]. In recent years, with the vigorous promotion of information technology research in the construction industry, many scholars have combined pipeline cooling methods with modern information technology to study the intelligence and digitalization of concrete temperature control and crack prevention. [PERSON] [6] constructed a temperature monitoring database of Xiluodu Dam and analyzed the cooling water temperature and the maximum temperature using the correlation analysis method to limit the cooling water temperature. [PERSON] [7] proposed a two-dimensional temperature field reconstruction method based on distributed fiber optic dam field temperature monitoring data and kriging space temperature interpolation to determine the true temperature field of concrete blocks and improve the maximum temperature difference control standard of concrete blocks to 3.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C. [PERSON] [8] developed a BIM intelligent temperature control system, which builds a temperature measurement and control system and establishes a temperature warning mechanism based on the secondary development of BIM software, can achieve accurate and sensitive data acquisition, timely temperature early warning and ideal temperature control in practical tests. [PERSON] [9] based on the closed-loop control theory of \"multi-source sensing, real analysis, and intelligent control\", a new intelligent cooling control system (ICCS) suitable for the SCC is developed and is further applied to the Wudongde large-scale underground powerhouse. Through the use of on-site monitoring data, numerical simulation and field investigation, the effectiveness of the system for improving the quality of temperature control of the spiral case concrete is verified. [PERSON] [10] developed an intelligent temperature control software system, analysis model and hardware equipment based on the Datengxia Hydraulic Project. This technology can realize the accurate sensing and transmission of information of the whole process from precooling of raw materials to insulation and improve the management of concrete construction.