## 3 Materials and Methods
### Initial AHP-QFD Matrices
#### 3.2.2 Medical Product Design  
The study by [PERSON] et al. [30], focused on designing a temperature-controlled medicine bag as shown in prototype components in Figure 5. To address the shortcomings of the current product used at Songklanagarind Hospital in Thailand, the integration of the AHP and QFD techniques was employed to ensure that the new design met the requirements of various stakeholders, including pharmacists, patients, and their relatives, through the research framework as shown in Figure 6.  
Figure 5 provides a comprehensive view of the prototype components of the temperature-controlled medicine bag. The outer bag ensures insulation, the inner bag provides the primary storage area, the cooling agent bag helps maintain the temperature, and the temperature indicator label allows for easy monitoring. Figure 6: Research framework of designing a temperature-controlled medicine bag [30]. Figure 6 illustrates the framework used to identify key technical specifications for the temperature-controlled medicine bag through the integration of AHP and QFD techniques. The process consists of three main stages as follows: customer need analysis, AHP-QFD technique implementation, and product design. The process of developing the temperature-controlled medicine bag prototype began with the customer need analysis. The objective was to gather and assess the needs and requirements of customers. The activities involved identifying customer requirements, evaluating the importance and priority of these needs, and assigning importance ratings to different customer groups based on their specific requirements and preferences. The output was a comprehensive understanding of customer needs, which informed the subsequent stages of the design process. Next, the AHP-QFD technique implementation aimed to prioritize the important needs identified in the previous stage and develop a structured plan for addressing them. This stage involved using the AHP to rank the importance of the identified needs and creating a House of Quality matrix to translate customer needs into technical specifications that the product must fulfill. The output was a prioritized list of customer needs and a detailed matrix that served as a blueprint for product design. Finally, the Product Design phase focused on developing and testing the product prototype based on the specifications derived from the matrix. Activities included designing and creating a prototype of the temperature-controlled medicine bag and conducting tests to ensure that the prototype met the technical specifications and customer requirements. The initial AHP-QFD data from this case study are represented in the same QFD matrix structure as shown in Figure 2 for the logistics cargo center case, but applied to the context of the temperature-controlled medicine bag design. The detailed analysis is presented in Table 4.  
Table 4 presents the AHP-QFD matrix used to transform customer needs into important product control characteristics for designing a prototype of a temperature-controlled medicine container. The dominant features of the product prototype include a \"light and small bag with Ziploc enclosure,\" \"made from safe and disposable medical materials\", \"comes with a cooling agent and temperature indicator\", and \"lower price than the market\", with relative importance values of 12.62%, 9.95%, 9.28%, and 9.21%, respectively. The AHP-QFD matrix provides a structured approach to prioritize customer needs and align them with technical specifications. However, additional brainstorming was necessary to determine the relative technical requirement importance (%), using thresholds of 9% and 7%, which requires significant skill. From this process, eight technical requirements (TRs) were selected: TR8 (12.62%), TR13 (9.95%), TR11 (9.28%), TR6 (9.21%), TR2 (8.77%), TR5 (7.66%), TR3 (7.34%), and TR1 (7.63%). In conclusion, while the AHP-QFD matrix is effective, it requires further refinement through brainstorming to ensure accurate decision-making.