## 5 Conclusions  
Fire safety is a vitally important issue for all buildings. Annual fire safety inspections performed by the local fire safety management office is the current practice to ensure there are no violations for any fire safety-related requirements. Commercial and public buildings are deemed to be more vulnerable to fires because of their complex use functions, large number of centralized building occupants, and the dynamic nature of the use of these buildings. Ideally, there needs to be an approach to track the status of all fire safety-related facilities in a real-time manner, or at the very least to conduct safety inspections on a more frequent basis. However, the reality is that many cities lack a sufficient number of skilled fire safety inspectors to ensure continuous compliance of all fire codes for the large number of commercial and public buildings under their jurisdictions. This paper proposed a crowdsourcing application, inspect, which can be used to recruit members of the general public to carry out fire safety inspection tasks through the assistance of BIM + VR and indoor RTLS. iInspect assigns inspection tasks to its users when an indoor RTLS detects there are fire safety-related facilities nearby, and it employs BIM + VR technology to help the user find the facility and understand what needs to be inspected. In this way, iInspect can harvest collective intelligence, which is the key benefit of a crowdsourcing project. Since the general public cannot access and inspect all fire safety-related facilities, this research summarized a list of items that can be easily checked by a typical building occupant. The items on the list are all accessible by the general public and have highly dynamic features, including building access and outdoor premises, exits and escape routes, electrical systems, emergency lighting, fire extinguishers, fire alarm systems, fire sprinkler systems, heat-producing devices and appliances, maintenance of building areas, and smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) detectors. An appropriate incentive model is the key for the success of any crowdsourcing project. This research proposed a reputation-based monetary incentive model for inspect. An inspect user will gain a higher RS when he/she takes on more inspection tasks and produces high-quality inspection reports. The actual money an inspect user will earn is the product of a base amount and his/her RS, which means that a user with a higher reputation score will earn more money than other users when performing the same inspection task. Some other non-monetary incentives are also considered in this research, such as the development of personal skills and altruism/honor. A prototype application of inspect was created for mobile devices using the Android platform, and a case study was conducted to verify the developed system by considering an office building located in Tianjin, China. A BIM model was developed along with VR photos of all major items to be inspected. An indoor RTLS was deployed using BLE technology, and an accuracy of 1.5-1.8 m was achieved. The prototype app, which runs on a mobile phone, follows the iInspect framework shown in Figure 4 and has verified major functions. This crowdsourcing approach can be applied to many other inspection circumstances with a lack of inspectors that present a highly dynamic status of compliance. For example, the on-site safe management of a construction project is a challenge due to its dynamic nature. By using a crowdsourcing approach, every on-site worker with a smartphone has the potential to be an inspector, and any potential risk could be identified and reported in a timely manner. Similarly, for some infrastructure facilities such as highways, the spatial distribution of networks makes continuous inspection/assessment of the network condition difficult and costly. This issue will be well handled if an adequate number of infrastructure users can be recruited as defect inspectors. There are some limitations in this research.