## 5 Definition of Main Aspects Related to Space Mission Planning  
Risk management in space mission: Risk management in space mission refers to the process of identifying, analyzing, and mitigating potential risks and uncertainties associated with space exploration. It involves assessing and understanding the various risks involved in a mission, such as technical failures, human errors, environmental hazards, and financial constraints. The goal of risk management is to minimize the likelihood and impact of risks, ensuring the safety of crew members, spacecraft, and mission objectives [53; 54; 55]. Sustainable space exploration: Sustainable space exploration refers to the practice of conducting space missions in a manner that balances social, economic, and environmental considerations over the long term. It entails reducing the harmful effects of space activities on Earth and in space, as well as improving resource usage, energy efficiency, and waste management. Sustainable space exploration aims to ensure that our exploration and \begin{table}
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**Sustainability** & **Factor** \\ \hline Environmental Sustainability & Conservation of natural resources, minimization of waste generation, and reduction of environmental impact. \\ \hline Resource Utilization & Efficient and responsible use of resources, including water, energy, and materials, to maximize mission effectiveness and minimize waste. \\ \hline Ethical Considerations & Ensuring adherence to ethical standards in space missions, including considerations for human rights, equity, and social responsibility. \\ \hline Long-Term Planning & Incorporating long-term perspectives in mission planning, including sustainability of infrastructure, operations, and exploration efforts over extended periods. \\ \hline International Cooperation & Important preconditions for sustainability-driven international cooperation in space mission supply chains: the presence of economic benefits from sustainability initiatives. The potential synergy of competitors’ space mission supply chain operations. The beneficial facilitative role of third-party organizations. Overcoming the cultural and psychological difficulties that come with working with competitors. Being able to work efficiently within the confines of anti-trust rules. Creating performance management scales and constantly evaluating the relationship. Being able to balance short-term and long-term gains and transform collaboration into a strategic competency. Promoting collaboration and cooperation among nations and space agencies to share resources, knowledge, and expertise for mutual benefit and advancement of space exploration. \\ \hline Education and Public Outreach & Engaging the public and promoting awareness and understanding of space missions, their goals, and their impacts to foster support, enthusiasm, and participation in sustainable space exploration. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 2: Sustainability in the space mission. utilization of space resources are conducted responsibly and do not compromise future space missions or harm the environment [56; 57]. Space mission sustainability: Space mission sustainability refers to the ability of a space mission to continue and achieve its objectives over an extended period while considering environmental, economic, and technological constraints. It involves designing and operating space missions in a way that maximizes their longevity, efficiency, and effectiveness. This includes managing resources, reducing waste, adopting sustainable technologies, and implementing strategies for long-term mission success [58]. Environmental impact of space mission: The environmental impact of space mission refers to the effects and consequences of space activities on the Earth's environment and outer space.