## 3 Results
### Nanoparticles for Gastric Cancer Treatment  
Different strategies for the treatment of gastric cancer have been employed among the studies analyzed in this systematic review using different combinations of chemotherapeutics, and siRNAs targeting different aspects of the neoplasm have been encapsulated in nanoparticles. [PERSON] et al. (2024) encapsulated navitoclax in combination with siRNA against Bcl-2. In this study, the combined NP increased the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy, and the synergistic treatment reduced the tumor weight on the mouse stomach reaching a minimum weight, which was negligible compared to the weight of a healthy organism's stomach. Furthermore, the individualized treatments increased the weight by 50% due \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline
**Nanformulation (Loading Method)** & **Chemotherapeutic Agent** & **siRNA** **Target** & **Targeting Ability** & **In Vitro Results** & **In Vivo Results** & **Ref.** \\ \hline Nanocomplex with cholesterol conjugated core with N short-peptide end (micro-flow mixing method) & Gemcitabine & PCBP2 & NS & Reduced PCBP2 & ECM, reduced tumor volume (36.66\%) & \\ \hline Magnetic carrier  nanoparticle covered in dextran and reticulated with epichlorohydrin (NS) & Gemcitabine & PD-L1 & NS & Not performed & \begin{tabular}{c} Higher tumor volume \\ decrease, with a \\ 93.75\% reduction \\ between the synergic \\ light dose treatment and \\ gemcitabine alone. \\ \end{tabular} & [58] \\ \hline PAMD-CHOL (NS) & Gemcitabine & PLK1 & \begin{tabular}{c} Cholesterol \\ modifications in the structure \\ (passive) \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Cell migration (75\%) and \\ cell growth (30\%) \\ inhibition in the \\ compared with the \\ compared with the \\ gemcitabine alone. \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Reduction in tumor \\ volume (75\%) and tumor \\ weight (50\%) compared \\ to the free drug and \\ preapoptotic capsule 3. \\ \end{tabular} & [59] \\ \hline PMBOP-CP (NS) & FuOXP (5-FU + oxaliplatin) & Xkr8 & Lipidic motif in the polymeric structure (active) & Reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis induction compared to the combination of the free drugs. & [37] \\ \hline  & & & & Tumor volume in vivo decreased 75\% with the \\ \hline LYClustersiPD-L1 (NS) & Inhibitor TGF-ß receptor & PD-L1 & NS & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Reduction of 26\% in \\ survivance of tumor cells \\ with the complete \\ therapy compared to the \\ one without siRNA \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} compared to \\ chemotherapeutic alone. \\ PD-L1 expression by 75\%, \\ and mice treated with it \\ exhibited a strong increase \\ T cells (9-fold higher) and \\ in the expression of IFN-\(\gamma\). \\ \end{tabular} & [61] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._to the accumulation of tumor mass. In vitro, it achieved an increase in apoptosis rate of 2.5-fold along with a 33% decrease in the expression of Ki67, a tumor prognostic factor [62]. On the other hand, another study incorporated cisplatin employing a plasma exosome, which simultaneously carries siRNA against C-Met, which is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors and involved in tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, to enhance tumor sensitivity to cisplatin in vivo and induce antitumor activity. Through this, the cisplatin resistance was reversed, and the apoptosis rate improved by about 7% with synergistic treatment and produced a decreased cell migration. Furthermore, the tumor volume between controls and treatments showed a difference of up to 50% and 71.42% in tumor weight [63]. Furthermore, a study performed by [PERSON] et al. (2022) used salinomycin encapsulated in cholesterol-loaded chitosan micelles carrying siRNA (siRNA@C-SAL). This monotherapy showed enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the free drug at low concentrations with a decrease of about 55% in cell viability. In addition, the tumor volume in mice was reduced by 55.71% at the end of the study compared to the free drugs, and its weight was halved [64].