## 4 Experiment  
### Model Calculations  
Mathematical modelling was used to simulate a depth dose profile for electron beam irradiation and energy spectrum of bremsstrahlung radiation, to calculate the conversion yield of electrons of different material and the range of electromagnetic radiation in water and air [13]. The Monte Carlo method for simulation of the transport of ionizing radiation through certain material was applied to realize the computer experiment and solve the practical problem of spatial dose distribution. Radiation-Technological Office (RT-Office) was applied as the common program shell, which provided a flexible interaction between specialized modules and the database for optimum planning of the process of irradiation and control of its realization. The module structure was developed in relation to the geometrical and physical properties calculation of EB and the X-ray irradiation process (ModeRL-LE and ModeXR-v-2.3 sub-programs), based on the Monte Carlo Method. RT-Office corresponds to the basic position of ASTM Standard E2232-21, the \"Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Mathematical Methods for Calculating Absorbed Dose in Radiation Processing Applications\" [36]. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation uses a randomization of the EB scanning process which is used for an effective calculation scheme and the statistics. The MC simulation was chosen and through this method the required statistical error for simulation results were rendered. This method is intended for the effective solution of non-stationary tasks in which the desired quantity is the time integral of a process. The problem of a dose calculation in an irradiated object after its passage through an irradiation zone (travel or crossing through a zone) falls into such a class of tasks. The uncertainty of the modelling results essentially depends on the values of the adjusting parameters of the models, which are used for the interaction processes of radiation with materials. Therefore, in the computation scheme the model parameters of the simulation are chosen according to the geometrical and physical characteristics of an irradiation process in order to minimize the run-time for obtaining the simulation results with the established accuracy. For the optimization of the model parameters the adaptive algorithm on the basis of semi-empirical formulas was used [36]. The physical model of an irradiation process for EB and X-ray radiation processing includes the characteristics of an ionizing radiation source. The system parameters provide the necessary spatial characteristics and requirements for the simulation of the radiation process. A set of interaction processes for the ionizing radiation with the irradiator and product are used in the simulation and are necessary to provide results with the required accuracy. In the physical model, the relevant parameters of an electron accelerator, an EB scanner, an X-ray converter, a conveyor line, and an irradiated object as input data include:  
* Parameters of the electron beam: Average beam current, electron energy spectrum, angular distribution, beam diameter and spatial distribution of the beam intensity. * Parameters of the scanning system: Modes of operation, the type of scanned EB; width of scanning; distance between scanner and conveyer, form of scan magnet current; repetition frequency of scanner; parameters of the exit window for EB. * Parameters of the X-ray converter with cooling system: Geometrical characteristics of the X-ray converter with cooling system, thickness of plates (layers) and cooling agent, materials composition, distance between exit window and X-ray converter. * Parameters of the conveyor: Speed and geometrical characteristics of the conveyor. * Parameters of irradiated product: Geometrical characteristics of the irradiated product; elemental composition of the target material and density of the components; geometrical characteristics and size of the irradiation container; geometrical characteristics of the dosimetric film, elemental composition of the film material.