## 1 Introduction  
Steel plate concrete shear wall is a composite structural wall system that is formed by placing steel plates on one or both sides of a concrete slab or inside a concrete core. The steel and concrete are typically combined using shear nails or bolt tie rods on steel plate. Depending on the layout of the steel plate, such composite shear wall systems can be classified into three main categories, i.e., single-sided, double-sided, and embedded steel plate concrete composite shear walls [1]. A large amount of research has been performed on various types of steel plate concrete composites. On the basis on previous research, steel plate concrete composite shear walls normally possess high load resistance, high stiffness, and excellent ductility and energy dissipation capacity [2; 3; 4; 5].  
Despite their excellent performance, traditional steel plate concrete composite shear walls may experience buckling failure of the steel plate, which affects the overall seismic behavior of the system. Furthermore, conventional steel plate concrete composite walls may also require some reinforcing bars when used in the design of wall sections. To improve the performance of existing plate concrete composite shear walls, [PERSON] et al. [6] proposed an innovative grille-type steel plate concrete composite shear wall (GSPCW). As shown in Figure 1, GSPCW is consists primarily of steel faceplates, steel tie plates and infilled concrete, and steel channels are normally placed at the wall ends. The grille-type steel plates are arranged so as to improve the buckling capacity of the steel plate, while maintaining the advantages of conventional steel plate concrete composite shear wall systems.  
To date, only limited research has been performed regarding GSPCW wall systems. This research was initiated by [PERSON] et al. [7], and was focused on analyzing the effects of different design parameters on the seismic behavior of GSPCW with embedded corrugated steel plate on the basis of laboratory testing and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the out-of-plane deformation of steel plates on both sides of the shear wall were effectively constrained due to the concrete slab and the corrugated steel tie plates, thereby significantly improving the out-of-plane buckling resistance of the steel plates. [PERSON] et al. [8] and [PERSON] et al. [9] further improved the structure of GSPCW systems and replaced the embedded corrugated steel plates with single independent steel plates. [PERSON] et al. [10]  
Figure 1: Schematic of grille-type steel plate concrete composite shear walls (GSPCWs).  
recently conducted seismic performance tests on three GSPCW walls. The results of their study demonstrated that the improved GSPCW shear wall system exhibited good seismic performance.  
This paper aims to further evaluate the effects of various design parameters on the seismic behavior of GSPCW walls, as well as its application in engineering practice. First, a two-dimensional numerical model for GSPCW walls is established using DIANA software based on the test specimens from [PERSON] et al. [9]. A total of eighteen GSPCW wall models with varying design parameters are established to systematically to investigate the effects of different design parameters, including steel ratio, axial load ratio, height-width ratio, aspect ratio of the grille, and concrete compressive strength. The conclusions from the parametric analyses can act as a reference for engineering practice. Second, a super-high-rise building is selected as a case study with the use of GSPCW for the core walls of the structure. The seismic performance of the analytical structure is analyzed using both nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA) and modal pushover analysis (MPA), and the results obtained using these two distinct methods are compared to evaluate the potential capability for application of GSPCW walls in super-high-rise buildings. Finally, a simple economic assessment of the GSPCW building is performed in comparison with conventionally reinforced concrete wall buildings.