# Solutions to the Problem of Freight Transport Flows in Urban Logistics
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Codes of Experts**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Factors That Have the Greatest Influence on the Optimization of a City Logistics System (\(j\)**} \\  & & & & & **= 1, 2,..., 8)** & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & **B1** & **B2** & **B3** & **B4** & **B5** & **B6** & **B7** & **B8** \\ \hline E1 & 3 & 1 & 5 & 4 & 8 & 7 & 2 & 6 \\ \hline E2 & 1 & 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 5 & 7 & 3 \\ \hline E3 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 8 & 5 & 7 & 6 & 4 \\ \hline E4 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 8 & 6 & 5 & 7 & 4 \\ \hline E5 & 1 & 2 & 8 & 3 & 6 & 4 & 7 & 5 \\ \hline E6 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 7 & 5 \\ \hline E7 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 5 & 7 & 8 & 6 & 4 \\ \hline E8 & 1 & 4 & 7 & 6 & 8 & 5 & 3 & 2 \\ \hline E9 & 5 & 6 & 3 & 7 & 8 & 2 & 4 & 1 \\ \hline E10 & 1 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 7 & 8 & 6 & 3 \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Sum of the Ranks \(R_{j}=\frac{\pi}{i=1}R_{ij}(j=1,2,...m)\).} & 18 & 28 & 38 & 56 & 69 & 59 & 55 & 37 \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Average Rank \(\bar{R}=\frac{\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}R_{ij}}{m}=\frac{\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}R_{ij}} {m}\),} & 1.8 & 2.8 & 3.8 & 5.6 & 6.9 & 5.9 & 5.5 & 3.7 \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Subtraction of the sum of ranks \(\quad\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-27\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-17\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-7\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(11\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(24\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(14\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(10\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-8\)} \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{and a constant \(\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}R_{ij}-\frac{1}{2}n(m+1)\)} & & & & & & & \\ \hline \(\left[\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}R_{ij}-\frac{1}{2}n(m+1)\right]^{2}\) & 729 & 289 & 49 & 121 & 576 & 196 & 100 & 64 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Calculations of factors that have the greatest influence on the optimization of a city’s logistics system. The calculations showed that the opinions of the ten respondents agree on eight factors that influence the optimization of a city's logistics system, and the opinions of all respondents are summarized. According to the same methodology, indicators of the importance, \(Q_{j}\), of factors influencing the optimization of a city's logistics system were calculated. The normalized subjective weights of the main factors with the greatest influence on the optimization of a city logistics system were calculated in the same way as the previous calculations and are summarized in Table 5.  
The obtained results show that when optimizing s city's logistics system, it is necessary to take into account the ban on entering the city center (indicator 0.2) and the ecological tax (indicator 0.172), because these indicators have the greatest importance. The second most important indicators are the creation of a network of self-service terminals on the outskirts of the city (index 0.147) and support for the purchase of environmentally friendly vehicles (index 0.144). The third is the integration of logistics companies into a unified one, followed by an urban freight transport information system (index 0.097) (Figure 2). The results obtained from the research show that the role of the state is strategically important in optimizing freight transport flows in a city logistics system. Factors that have the greatest impact on the optimisation of the urban logistics system  
Figure 2: Factors that have the greatest impact on the optimization of an urban logistics system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Indicators** & **B1** & **B2** & **B3** & **B4** & **B5** & **B6** & **B7** & **B8** \\ \hline \(\vec{q}_{j}\) & 0.050 & 0.078 & 0.106 & 0.156 & 0.192 & 0.164 & 0.153 & 0.103 \\ \hline \(d_{j}\) & 0.950 & 0.922 & 0.894 & 0.844 & 0.808 & 0.836 & 0.847 & 0.897 \\ \hline \(Q_{j}\) & 0.136 & 0.132 & 0.128 & 0.121 & 0.115 & 0.119 & 0.121 & 0.128 \\ \hline \(\widetilde{Q}_{j}\) & 0.200 & 0.172 & 0.144 & 0.094 & 0.058 & 0.086 & 0.097 & 0.147 \\ \hline Importance & 1 & 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 7 & 6 & 3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Distribution of indicators according to importance.