## 1 Introduction  
Due to its advantages, such as good water tightness, space-saving, and easy construction, steel sheet pile cofferdams are increasingly widely used in water-related projects in China and abroad [1, 2]. However, due to the complexity of foundation pit construction and hydrogeological engineering conditions, steel sheet pile cofferdams can easily become uncertain factors in engineering safety. This study explored the double-row steel sheet pile cofferdam tunnel project on the bank of Suzhou Yinshan Lake. Due to the close distance between the cofferdam and the tunnel, tunnel construction is prone to disturb the cofferdam. Therefore, the problem of the influence of tunnel construction on the mechanical properties of double-row steel sheet pile cofferdam needed to be studied. Double-row steel sheet pile cofferdams are usually used for water-related projects or deep foundation pit engineering [1]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [2] and [PERSON] et al. [3] conducted experiments and research on the deformation characteristics of steel sheet piles, providing some suggestions for the stress analysis of steel sheet piles and a study of the pile-soil interaction mechanism. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [4] used the Euler-Lagrange coupling method for numerical analysis to study the stress and deformation characteristics of steel sheet piles during the driving process. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [5] established a two-dimensional simplified model to analyze the stress and deformation characteristics of steel sheet piles during construction. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [6]studied the failure of the cofferdam and found that the main reason for the failure of the double-wall cofferdam was the dislocation of the weld. [PERSON] et al. [7], based on finite element calculations, summarized the relationship between the design parameters and the structural response of steel sheet pile cofferdam through optimization algorithms and design experiments. [PERSON] et al. [8] compared and analyzed indoor and centrifugal machine tests to reveal the factors affecting the lateral bearing capacity of the double-row steel sheet pile cofferdam. The Finite element analysis model was used to analyze the seepage path and seepage flow rate of water in the steel sheet pile cofferdam [9; 10]. [PERSON] et al. [11] studied the basic problems of steel sheet pile seepage failure through a two-dimensional fluid-solid coupling model. The fully coupled three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis method was adopted. The dynamic response of a single pile in liquefiable sand under a bidirectional load is studied [12]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a numerical solution to evaluate the cofferdam collapse block and landslide thrust patterns based on a power-law nonlinear damage criterion and limit analysis. Parametric studies were used to optimize the cofferdam design and improve the stability analysis [13]. Steel sheet piles were used as pile foundations with a large surface area and high strength to improve the bearing capacity. Model tests were conducted using the OFDR technique, and the results showed its strain distribution characteristics [14]. The effect of the surface roughness of steel sheet piles on the lateral bearing behavior of piles embedded in the sand was investigated. It was found that the surface roughness of the piles significantly affected their lateral bearing capacity [15]. [PERSON] et al. studied the parameters of sheet pile walls made from U-shaped piles interacting with the soil through full-scale physical models and laboratory simulations, and analyzed the effect of soil friction and resistance in the interlocking body [16]. There were also some research results on the numerical simulation of tunnel construction. In the numerical study of a deep tunnel, [PERSON] et al. [17] carried out numerical model calculations based on advanced material models, which provided important insights into the potential failure mechanism of deep tunnel structures. [PERSON] et al.