# A Sustainability Analysis Based on the LCA-Energy-Carbon Emission Approach in the Building System
## 1 Introduction
From the perspective of the carbon emission of building systems, a lot of investigations have been explored by scholars for reducing the carbon emission of building systems, so as to mitigate the impact of climate change. Several different ideas have been tried to analyze, such as carbon emissions from the building sector [50], a low-carbon cities view [51; 52], public building type [53], system dynamics carbon emission analysis [54], building supply chain [55], architectural renewal perspective [56], green space [57], passive architectural design [58], building operations [59], carbon emission quotas [60], zero-carbon analysis [61], etc. The details are as follows: Through the carbon emission model and data analysis, the challenges and opportunities of the building sector have been surveyed [50]. Models of carbon emissions up to 2060 are designed to predict the overall trajectory of carbon emissions [51]. From the perspective of a low-carbon city, the carbon emission of the building system was calculated and designed [52]. Taking public buildings as an example, the unbalanced state of carbon emissions is studied [53]. As an effective model, the carbon emission of urban buildings is analyzed and predicted using system dynamics [54]. On account of building supply chain consideration, the carbon emission reduction effect was focused on [55]. In order to improve living conditions, the renovation design of the building is combined with carbon emissions [56]. By integrating natural landscapes and building carbon emissions, green space and water bodies have been proposed due to their carbon reduction effects [57]. By focusing on passive house-certified measures, their carbon emissions and applications are taken into account [58]. The building operation stage has always been the most important aspect of the carbon emissions of a building system, which needs continuous attention [59]. Carbon emission quotas acting as a starting point, their fairness and balance are analyzed and explored [60]. Zero-carbon buildings, as the ultimate goal of building carbon emissions, are currently the research hotspot of building systems [61]. Similarly, besides the above research on carbon emissions, the LCA-Carbon emission estimation of building systems is also a hot topic. Typical studies are as follows. UsingBIM and LCA methodologies, the carbon emission intensity and cost have been studied recently [62]. Based on the carbon emission and driving factor perspective, a specific building case was selected and evaluated [63]. In terms of energy conservation, the LCA-Carbon emissions and economic effects of building systems have been investigated [64]. A large-scale national carbon emission study was carried out on the basis of the LCA approach [65]. Through ecological climate mitigation challenge analysis, the greenhouse gas of a building system was evaluated and displayed [66]. The life-cycle carbon emissions of zero-carbon building renewal design were followed with interest by several researchers [67]. In Sweden, a typical family house was selected for a life cycle cost study [68]. The carbon emissions of prefabricated building systems have been the focus recently, especially based on the integration of BIM and LCA [69]. Four types of rural houses were chosen for carbon reduction exploration by utilizing the LCA method [70]. Up to now, the relationship between ecological sustainability and the carbon emissions of building systems has not been discussed in relation to each other under LCA assessments, which is limited by two completely different methodologies. In this study, it has been considered and preliminarily verified. The innovation of this article lies in the comprehensive evaluation of the sustainability of building systems using energy methodology and carbon emissions calculation methods.