## 3 Results and Discussion
### Do the Tomato Responses to the Single and Combined Stress Occur at Between- or Within-Plant Levels?
By considering that each treatment pointed out an important within-plant variation for the morpho-physiological traits, we asked if a well-defined spatial pattern of these responses among the leaves of the tomato shoot could be revealed. In this respect, by one-way ANOVA, we compared the morpho-physiological responses to each treatment on three mature leaves located at three different positions (basal (B), intermediate (I) and apical leaf (A) placed at first, second and third node, respectively) along the shoot axes on the morpho-physiological traits for each treatments. Further, the B, I and A leaf can be also considered as local (L), no-orthostichous (nO) and orthostichous leaf (O), respectively, because the apical leaf, but not the intermediate, is linked to the basal one by vasculature connection (Figure S3). Hence, such leaf selection allowed to evaluate which among the vascular (L vs. O vs. nO) or architectural patterns (B vs. I vs. A) caused the within-plant phenotypic variability. Figure S5 depicted the vascular or architectural pattern or no pattern of the tomato responses to each treatments. The Figures 8-14 showed the results of gas exchanges (A, gs, T, and iWUE) and morphological traits (LFW, LDW, LWC) for each treatment. Figure 7: Nested within-treatment variance partitions (% of the total) in the morpho-physiological responses of tomato plants to different abiotic and biotic stress. The between-plant variance comprises plant within treatment (red color) and the within-plant variance involved the leaves within plant within treatment (green color). The black color indicated the model error. Figure 8: Photosynthetic rate of three different leaves of tomato plants exposed for 8 days at diverse stresses (abiotic (ABIO); biotic (BIO); combined (COMB)). No stresses (CTR). The box plot indicated the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value. Different letters indicated significant difference among the mean groups (N = 8; \(p\) < 0.05 test of Tukey). The values within each panel indicated the F statistic with the \(p\) values (***\(p\) < 0.001) derived from one-way ANOVA. Figure 9: Stomatal conductance of three different leaves of tomato plants exposed for 8 days at diverse stresses (abiotic (ABIO); biotic (BIO); combined (COMB)). No stresses (CTR). The box plot indicated the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value. Different letters indicated significant difference among the mean groups (N = 8; \(p\) < 0.05 test of Tukey). The values within each panel indicated the F statistic with the \(p\) values (* 0.05 \(<p\) < 0.01; ** 0.01 \(<p\) < 0.001; NS not significant) derived from one-way ANOVA. Figure 11: iWUE of three different leaves of tomato plants exposed for 8 days at diverse stresses (abiotic (ABIO); biotic (BIO); combined (COMB)). No stresses (CTR). The box plot indicated the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value. Different letters indicated significant difference among the mean groups (N = 8; \(p\) < 0.05 test of Tukey). The values within each panel indicated the F statistic with the \(p\) values (* 0.05 \(<p\) < 0.01; NS not significant) derived from one-way ANOVA. Figure 10: Transpiration rate of three different leaves of tomato plants exposed for 8 days at diverse stresses (abiotic (ABIO); biotic (BIO); combined (COMB)). No stresses (CTR). The box plot indicated the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value. Different letters indicated significant difference among the mean groups (N = 8; \(p\) < 0.05 test of Tukey). The values within each panel indicated the F statistic with the \(p\) values (* 0.05 \(<p\) < 0.01; ** 0.01 \(<p\) < 0.001; NS not significant) derived from one-way ANOVA. Figure 12: Leaf fresh weight of three different leaves of tomato plants exposed for 8 days at diverse stresses (abiotic (ABIO); biotic (BIO); combined (COMB)). No stresses (CTR). The box plot indicated the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value.