## 4 Discussion
Although the jump-landing task used in the present study is relatively straightforward, the choice of jump-landing task is a trade-off between the rules of netball (i.e., stick the landing) and the evaluation of dynamic stability. Because single-leg landings are likely to challenge the postural control system of individuals, baseline reference data such as that provided in the present study may allow clinicians to identify specific unstable landing patterns that may be associated with injury [17, 33, 45]. Experimental evidence suggests that dynamic stability is associated with lower-extremity strength, as well as neuromuscular control [20, 21]. The present study appears to corroborate such findings, as there seems to be credible evidence that TTS data are likely associated with eccentric knee extensor and flexor strength. More specifically, a novel finding of the present study is that moderately large negative correlations were evident between peak isokinetic knee-joint torques and peak landing forces specifically for the diagonal landing directions. Diagonal inside and outside landings seemed to yield substantially larger forces compared to straight-line landing, which can likely be ascribed to a potential lack of multidirectional training variability and/or specificity in netball conditioning and injury prevention programs (i.e., mostly dominated by sagittal plane movements not directly evaluated in the present study) [46, 47]. Given such findings, coupled with the CoM displacements in the present study (see Figures 4 and S1-S4), it is plausible to infer that those with higher capacities for generating greater torques tend to exhibit'softer' landings, given that larger knee angles are typically associated with lower GRF values upon landing [22, 28]. Transferability of training and the potential for injury mitigation should therefore be a central tenet of any strength and conditioning program and is an area of research that should receive much more attention [48]. [PERSON] et al. [49] showed that in healthy controls, the knee joint contributes the most joint work (e.g., \(\sim\)65%) during single-leg landing, followed by the hip (\(\sim\)22%) and ankle (\(\sim\)13%). Additionally, the relative contributions of the knee are taxed to an even greater extent during landing following horizontal jumping (64.7%) compared to vertical jumping (34.3%) [50]. Although the general relationship between knee strength and jumping performance is well understood, no previous research has investigated the associations between these parameters at different time points during landing subphases [50, 51, 52]. The present study is the first to use SPM techniques to better understand the continuous association between unilateral knee joint torques and landing forces at specific time nodes, thereby providing insights into the relationship that extends beyond simple correlations such as those shown in Figure 3 (i.e., peak torque and peak landing force). More specifically, the SPM results demonstrate that CON strength was, on average, positively associated with force during the _early_ weight-acceptance phase of jump landing (i.e., shortly after peak landing force) and negatively associated with force during the _late_ weight-acceptance phase (i.e., shortly before TTS) (see Supplementary Figures S1-S4). The ECC strength was, on average, negatively associated with force during _initial contact_ and positively associated with force during the early weight-acceptance phase (see Supplementary Figures S1-S4). Importantly, these associations were found to vary according to the landing direction, showing that multidirectional single-leg landings require both strength and propriception to varyingdegrees for stabilisation in uninjured participants [45]. Future research should explore the extent to which these associations are malleable with regard to injury and/or conditioning. Although the present study has several strengths, the limitations must also be acknowledged.