## 1 Introduction  
The glass curtain wall is an aesthetically innovative method of architectural wall decoration and a distinctive feature of modernist high-rise buildings [1]. However, the extended life of glass curtain walls may result in sudden and dangerous detachment which can cause serious injury or property damage [2]. For instance, structural adhesives can suffer from deterioration and debonding problems. Debonding damage to existing glass curtain walls is mainly identified by visual inspection [3], manual inspection [4], contact sensors [5], numerical simulation [6], health monitoring systems [7], etc. These methods rely on experienced workers or contact sensors for stationary testing, which are insufficient to cope with the increasing height of skyscrapers, the emerging variety of curtain walls and the various extreme working conditions in modern buildings. Since these conventional stationary inspection approaches are inefficient [8], hazardous [9], complicated [10], and hard to employ [11], despite being very effective at detecting debonding damage of glass curtain walls, they cannot be widely used. In light of the rapid development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and new laser vibrometry technologies, mobile inspection approaches show promising advantages in application [12] and further investigations. The increasing demand for structural inspections, focusing on safety [13], durability [14; 15], and comfort [16; 17], makes the intelligent inspection of UAVs an inevitable trend in health monitoring processes [18]. The development of UAV technology has provided formidable technical support for this demand, including improved stability [19], enhanced wind resistance [20], increased load capacity [21], extended endurance [22], strengthened obstacle avoidance capability [23], etc. For example, the DJI Mavic 3 is a powerful and efficient drone available to the consumer designed by SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. (Suzhou, China). It can bear strong winds up to 12 m/s (strong breeze) and has a vertical hovering accuracy of \(\pm\)0.1 m and a horizontal hovering accuracy of \(\pm\)0.3 m when the visual positioning system is working properly [24]. These outstanding properties make such UAVs reliable for inspecting structural health in windy scenarios, such as high-altitude inspections of curtain wall structural damage, seismic performance of bridges [25], blade damage of wind turbines [26], etc. Additionally, UAVs have been involved in numerous civil engineering applications for structural health inspections. They have been used for detecting bridge cracks [27], identifying dynamic parameters of bridge components [28], measuring geometry shapes of bridge components [29], and the 3D reconstruction of bridges [30]. The utilization of UAVs under certain weather conditions can improve efficiency and ensure the safety of the inspection personnel compared to manual inspections [31]. Similarly, wind turbines are often constructed in remote locations, such as offshore [32], in deserts [33], on mountainouss [34], and other areas where wind energy is abundant but difficult for humans to access. The application of UAVs replaces manual detection and shutdown maintenance, making regular inspections of wind turbines possible [35]. UAVs are also increasingly employed in other inspection processes, such as power transmission lines [36], pipelines [37], dams [38], and water towers [39]. This technology has become a promising solution for labor-intensive, accessibility-challenging, and sometimes dangerous inspection tasks in civil engineering [40]. There are a variety of practical difficulties associated with detecting debonding damage on glass curtain walls using traditional methods. Manual inspections on the facade of an office building can be disruptive to the normal work of the building's occupants, challenging for the inspector [4], and costly for the maintenance company. Wall-climbing robots struggle with the diverse shapes of glass curtain walls and often require manual assistance [41].