# Development and Application of MAGIC-f Gel in Cancer Research and Medical Imaging
## 6 Application of MAGIC-f Gel
obtained a dose-response in MAGIC-f gel after exposing it to \({}^{131}\)I source [83]; the sensitivity of transversal relaxation rate (R2) value versus absorbed dose in gel obtained was \(0.23\) s\({}^{-1}\)Gy\({}^{-1}\); this observation was verified by comparison with Monte Carlo simulation using PENELOPE code and thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), the Monte Carlo simulation result was agreed more to MAGIC-f gel dosimetry than TLD, which showed the potential of using MAGIC-f gel in nuclear medicine when three-dimensional dose distribution is required [83]. [PERSON] et al. used MAGIC-f gel for nuclear medicine application along with MRI, where it was used to calculate complex three-dimensional dose distributions of two prostate intensitymodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatments which required high-quality assurance [84]. This study shows that MAGIC-f gel qualifies for the quality assurance standard of the IMRT treatment system as the gamma index obtained from the dose distribution using MAGIC-f gel is higher (95.5%) in comparison with the dose distribution using treatment planning system (94.0%) [84]. The electron beam therapy treatment in nuclear medicine is used to deliver a high dose rate. [PERSON] et al. show that MAGIC-f gel can be utilized as a feasible dosimeter to measure the percentage depth dose (PDD) and beam profile in treatment planning as it has strong spatial resolution characteristics and can create three-dimensional dose distribution [44]. In that research, the response of MAGIC-f gel for a 6 MeV electron beam is studied using different doses and levels of dose along with the determination of dose-metric parameters for clinical beam such as PDDs and beam profile [44]. [PERSON] et al. showed that the use of MAGIC-f gel with few modifications in composition is promising in dosimetry of high-gradient sources used in clinical brachytherapy. In this study, phantom of 5 \(\times\) 5 \(\times\) 7 cm\({}^{3}\) of MAGIC-f gel manufactured by modifying the concentrations of the reagents, i.e., 11 g of gelatin, 2 mL of copper sulfate solution, 50.2 mg of ascorbic acid, 5.9 mL of acid methacrylate, and 4 mL of formaldehyde, was irradiated with a widely used dose of 7.5 Gy in gynecological treatment, using the clinical source \({}^{192}\)Ir (Varian, GammaMed Plus model), and the measurement of dose distribution was taken by using MRI after 24 h of irradiation [85]. For the same configuration using the Monte Carlo PENELOPE code, whereby, for both the experimental and simulated studies, energy is kept limited at 100 keV and primary condensation parameters of particles is kept to 0.3 (0.3% of the particles enables the formation of droplets), the comparison of the experimental and simulated dose distributions obtained in two perpendicular sources showed an average variation of 12.5% and 6.4% [4]. Radiotherapy is the most common cancer therapy treatment. The dosimetric properties of various energy beams used in the therapy need to be studied for the efficient cancer treatment. [PERSON] et al. used MAGIC-f gel to calculate the absorbed doses from these energy beams and theoretically verified them by using the PENELOPE Monte Carlo code. Moreover, a dependency of energy and dose rate was obtained in a range from 60 kV to 10 MeV and from 0.44 to 10 Gy/min, respectively. The MAGIC-f shows a linear relationship to all energies used in the study where the maximum and average variation was 8.6% and 7.7%, respectively. Moreover, the research on dose rate dependency reveals that the MAGIC-f gel shows no major variations of responses in different clinical dose rates which vary from 0.44 to 10 Gy/min, i.e., lower than 0.7% when X-rays are considered for evaluation and lower than 1.9% when all high- and low-energy beams (X-ray, \(\gamma\)-rays, photons, etc.) are produced from different accelerators [34]. [PERSON] et al.