## 4 Empirical Analysis
### Causal Relationship Analysis Based on DEMATEL
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Influencing** & \(O_{i}\) & \(O_{i}\) & \(P_{i}\) & \(R_{i}\) & \(R_{i}\) & \(S_{i}\) & **Factor** \\
**Factors** & **\(O_{i}\)** & **Rank** & & **Rank** & & **Rank** & & **Types** \\ \hline \(X_{1}\) & 2.0292 & 2 & 2.8369 & 2 & 4.8662 & 2 & \(-\)0.8077 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{2}\) & 1.5630 & 9 & 1.6672 & 8 & 3.2302 & 7 & \(-\)0.1042 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{3}\) & 1.6617 & 7 & 1.7079 & 7 & 3.3696 & 6 & \(-\)0.0463 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{4}\) & 1.4406 & 11 & 0.9360 & 13 & 2.3766 & 13 & 0.5047 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{5}\) & 1.6844 & 6 & 1.3659 & 10 & 3.0502 & 8 & 0.3185 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{6}\) & 2.3699 & 1 & 2.6207 & 3 & 4.9907 & 1 & \(-\)0.2508 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{7}\) & 1.7061 & 5 & 1.1787 & 12 & 2.8848 & 11 & 0.5275 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{8}\) & 1.5988 & 8 & 1.7788 & 6 & 3.3776 & 5 & \(-\)0.1800 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{9}\) & 1.1541 & 15 & 0.1309 & 16 & 1.2850 & 16 & 1.0232 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{10}\) & 1.3831 & 13 & 0.5984 & 15 & 1.9814 & 15 & 0.7847 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{11}\) & 1.5164 & 10 & 0.6935 & 14 & 2.2099 & 14 & 0.8228 & Causal Factors \\ \(X_{12}\) & 1.7549 & 4 & 2.1126 & 4 & 3.8676 & 4 & \(-\)0.3577 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{13}\) & 1.4304 & 12 & 1.6125 & 9 & 3.0429 & 9 & \(-\)0.1821 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{14}\) & 1.7796 & 3 & 3.0276 & 1 & 4.8072 & 3 & \(-\)1.2480 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{15}\) & 1.1101 & 16 & 1.7870 & 5 & 2.8970 & 10 & \(-\)0.6769 & Resultant Factors \\ \(X_{16}\) & 1.2243 & 14 & 1.3519 & 11 & 2.5762 & 12 & \(-\)0.1276 & Resultant Factors \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: DEMATEL calculation results of safety performance indicators in PBC. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \(Q_{\text{data}:\text{data}}\) & \(X_{1}\) & \(X_{2}\) & \(X_{3}\) & \(X_{4}\) & \(X_{5}\) & \(X_{6}\) & \(X_{7}\) & \(X_{8}\) & \(X_{9}\) & \(X_{10}\) & \(X_{11}\) & \(X_{12}\) & \(X_{13}\) & \(X_{14  
effect group, \(X_{6}\) (construction and implementation of safety management systems) has the highest centrality value (4.9907), followed by \(X_{1}\) (personnel safety awareness and attitude) and \(X_{14}\) (quality and safety status of prefabricated components). The results indicate that \(X_{6}\) is easily affected by other performance indicators, causing fluctuations in the safety performance of prefabricated building construction. Notably, the top four performance indicators in centrality ranking are all in the effect group, suggesting that \(X_{6}\) (construction and implementation of safety management systems), \(X_{1}\) (personnel safety awareness and attitude), \(X_{14}\) (quality and safety status of prefabricated components), and \(X_{12}\) (construction site working environment) play significant roles in the entire prefabricated building construction safety performance system and should be given focused attention. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \(\mathbf{C_{4\times 4}}\) & \(\mathbf{X_{1}}\) & \(\mathbf{X_{6}}\) & \(\mathbf{X_{12}}\) & \(\mathbf{X_{14}}\) & \(\mathbf{C_{4\times}}\) & \(\mathbf{E_{a}}\) \\ \hline \(X_{1}\) & 0.0896 & 0.2299 & 0.1424 & 0.1748 & 0.6368 & 0.1186 \\ \(X_{6}\) & 0.2672 & 0.0904 & 0.1122 & 0.2667 & 0.7365 & 0.1372 \\ \(X_{12}\) & 0.2364 & 0.1529 & 0.0556 & 0.2249 & 0.6698 & 0.1247 \\ \(X_{14}\) & 0.2051 & 0.1386 & 0.2178 & 0.0801 & 0.6416 & 0.1195 \\ \(\mathbf{C_{\bullet\beta}}\) & 0.7983 & 0.6118 & 0.5281 & 0.7464 & \(\sum C_{\bullet\bullet}=\sum C_{\bullet\bullet}=5.3694\) & — \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Comprehensive correlation matrix of key safety performance indicators in PBC. Figure 1: Causal relationship diagram of safety performance indicators in PBC. In Region I, this type of factor has the characteristics of “high centrality and high causality”. This type of factor has a high degree of importance and not only has a high impact on other factors, but is also greatly influenced by other factors.