## 3 Results  
No statistically significant pre-post-training effects were found among the variables, sexes, or groups (\(p>0.05\)). However, the magnitude of changes (effect sizes) was different between the AEL and TRAD groups (Table 7). While not statistically significant, the changes in the circulatory level of testosterone were notably different between the AEL (9.12% and g = 0.30) and TRAD (\(-11.44\%\) and g = \(-0.34\)) groups. The circulatory level of cortisol increased in both groups but more so in the TRAD group (Figure 2). The FFM, FM, and BM all increased more in the AEL group than in the TRAD group. The CREA levels decreased slightly in both groups. A moderate correlation was found between the FFM with CREA pre-intervention (r = 0.48) and post-intervention (r = 0.36). Additionally, very large correlations were found between the FFM and back squat (r = 0.81), bench press (r = 0.83), and ISOPF (r = 0.86) pre-intervention and also between the FFM and back squat (r = 0.86), bench press (r = 0.87), and ISOPF (0.88) post-intervention.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Pre-Test AEL** & **Post-Test AEL** & **Pre-Test TRAD** & **Post-Test TRAD** \\ \hline Body Mass (kg) & 75.62 \(\pm\) 17.04 & 76.24 \(\pm\) 17.38 & 87.68 \(\pm\) 26.55 & 88.0 \(\pm\) 26.89 \\  & (64.49–86.75) & (64.89–87.59) & (69.28–106.08) & (69.36–106.64) \\ Fat-Free Mass (kg) & 52.50 \(\pm\) 11.14 & 52.97 \(\pm\) 11.34 & 60.64 \(\pm\) 17.47 & 60.95 \(\pm\) 17.62 \\  & (44.78–59.78) & (45.11–60.83) & (48.54–72.74) & (48.73–73.16) \\ Fat Mass (kg) & 23.12 \(\pm\) 5.90 & 23.24 \(\pm\) 6.08 & 27.04 \(\pm\) 9.09 & 27.05 \(\pm\) 9.28 \\  & (19.03–27.21) & (19.02–27.45) & (20.74–33.34) & (20.62–33.48) \\ Testosterone nmol/L & 12.32 \(\pm\) 7.77 & 13.44 \(\pm\) 9.02 & 11.31 \(\pm\) 9.97 & 10.02 \(\pm\) 8.46 \\  & (6.93–17.00) & (7.19–19.69) & (4.40–18.22) & (4.15–15.88) \\ Cortisol nmol/L & 438.39 \(\pm\) 183.95 & 482.83 \(\pm\) 153.29 & 552.97 \(\pm\) 135.88 & 624.00 \(\pm\) 277.54 \\  & (310.93–565.86) & (376.61–589.05) & (458.81–467.13) & (431.68–816.32) \\ T.C Ratio & 3.60 \(\pm\) 2.43 & 3.16 \(\pm\) 2.19 & 2.26 \(\pm\) 2.36 & 1.99 \(\pm\) 1.93 \\  & (2.43–5.28) & (1.65–4.68) & (0.62–3.89) & (0.65–3.32) \\  & 0.97 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 0.96 \(\pm\) 0.10 & 1.04 \(\pm\) 0.16 & 1.03 \(\pm\) 0.16 \\  & (0.90–1.05) & (0.89–1.03) & (0.93–1.15) & (0.92–1.14) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Descriptive statistics using mean \(\pm\) SD (upper and lower limit of CI).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AEL**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**TRAD**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **\% Change** & **Hedge’s g** & **\% Change** & **Hedge’s g** \\ \hline Body Mass & 0.82\% & (0.33) & 0.36\% & (0.16) \\ Fat Free Mass & 0.90\% & (0.39) & 0.51\% & (0.23) \\ Fat Mass & 0.49\% & (0.16) & 0.05\% & (0.02) \\ Testosterone & 9.12\% & (0.30) & \(-11.44\%\) & (\(-0.34\)) \\ Cortisol & 10.14\% & (0.18) & 12.85\% & (0.29) \\ Creatinine & \(-1.54\%\) & (\(-0.19\)) & \(-0.84\%\) & (\(-0.11\)) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 7: Percent change and Hedge’s g for AEL and TRAD groups in response to 4 weeks of training.