## 1 Introduction  
Pancreatic cancer or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the second cause of cancer-related deaths in the last decade [1]. Risks that can lead to developing pancreatic cancer include family history, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and tobacco use. Pancreatic cancer can be diagnosticated into 4 stages: resectable, borderline resectable, locally advanced, and metastatic, [2]; but due to the lack of relevant symptoms, it is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. Classical treatment methods for pancreatic cancer usually include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and palliative care [3]. Radical resection of the pancreas is preferred in most cases to eliminate the tumor in the case of patients with a borderline or locally advanced tumor [4]. Along with traditionally open surgery of the pancreas, several minimally invasive approaches were developed. Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery was considered not feasible until 1996 when [PERSON] et al. performed the first successful laparoscopic distal pancreectomy [5]. Two minimally invasive techniques distinguished over time: minimally invasive distal pancreatic resection (MIDP) and minimally invasive pancreetuduodenectomy (MIPD). MIPD presents technical challenges, especially during the complex reconstructing phase, limiting its widespread adoption. Although current studies suggest that it is both feasible and safe for carefully selected patients, there is not enough evidence to show its advantages over the open pancreaticoduodenectomy. MIDP can lead to shorter lengths of hospitalization and better quality of life than open pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, its effectiveness for larger tumors that involve blood vessels or other organs remains under-researched, and thus further studies are necessary. Despite these limitations, MIDP is still considered an effective treatment option for smaller tumors that do not involve vascular or organ complications [6]. Robotic distal pancreatectomy offers oncologic outcomes comparable to those of laparoscopic and open approaches. However, it is associated with a shorter hospital stay and a lower rate of postoperative morbidity and complications [7]. The first robotic-assisted pancreatic surgery was documented by [PERSON] et al. [8] in 2003 when 13 robotic minimally invasive pancreas surgeries were performed using the da Vinci (Intuitive Surgical, California, CA, USA) robot, using articulated instruments with up to seven degrees of freedom (DOF), allowing for enhanced dexterity and precision that achieved outcomes comparable to those of conventional open surgery. While the well-known commercial robotic systems for surgery like da Vinci (Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) [9], Hugo(tm) (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) [10], Versius (CMR Surgical, Cambridge, UK) [11], Senhance (Asensus Surgical, Inc., Durham, NC, USA) [12], and Revo-i(tm) (MEREcompany, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea) [13] dominate the clinical applications, several research prototypes have been developed for pancreatic surgery, particularly for pancreatoduodenectomy or distal pancreectomy. [PERSON] et al. [14] introduced Raven-II, an open-architecture robotic platform characterized by a modular hardware design and an open-source software framework. This configuration enables the extensive customization of the kinematic chain, leading to adjustments in the number and configuration of degrees of freedom to suit specialized surgical tasks. Preliminary evaluations demonstrated robust performance in simulating standard surgical maneuvers, indicating the system's potential for refined spatial control. [PERSON] et al. [15] presented the Intuitive Imaging Sensing Navigated and Kinematically Enhanced robot (i2 Snake), designed to advance endoscopic surgery. The i2 Snake features a snake-like robotic endoscope equipped with a camera, light source, and two articulated instruments, supported by a robotic arm for precise global positioning and insertion.