## 1 Introduction  
Rapid excavation and safe, efficient anchoring support are key preconditions in modern underground space engineering. In the past, tunneling and anchoring were handled separately [1, 2]. Now, in order to improve efficiency, tunneling-bolting combined machines have begun to attract significant attention in research and look set to become an important aspect of the development of modern mining technology. However, due to the technical difficulty and expense of constructing such machines, only a very small number of manufacturers are currently able to produce them. As a result, there are very few studies regarding tunneling-bolting combined machines, and geotechnical cutting theory relating to their cutting heads is still in its infancy [3, 4, 5]. As coal mining machines and anchoring machines bear certain similarities regarding their cutter arrangement and the movement of their roller picks [6, 7], some of the theoretical analysis relating to coal mining machines can be used to study the mechanical behavior of the drum cutter in tunneling-bolting combined machines [8, 9]. In this regard, [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] have studied the load characteristics of the shearer picks in coal mining machines [10, 11, 12]. [PERSON] has established a specific energy consumption model based on the resistance spectrum of shearer picks [13]. [PERSON] has studied the wear characteristics of shearer picks [14]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] have studied the effect of the pick arrangement on the load, reliability, and likely life-span of shearers [15; 16]. [PERSON] studied the influence of housing topological optimization on the dynamic characteristics of the drum driving system [17]. [PERSON] studied the cutting strategy to lower the influence of cutting forces on the shearer and its drum [18]. [PERSON] found that in order to improve coal sizing and reduce methane release in the longwall face, as well as for the uniform distribution of loads on picks, the picks should be arranged on the drum at unequal spacing in accordance with the exponential law [19]. [PERSON] has explored the influence of factors such as the helix angle of the shearer cutting head [20; 21]. [PERSON] [22], meanwhile, has studied the influence of bit motion parameters on cutting performance. Unlike traditional coal mining machines, there is no helical blade in the cutting head of a tunneling-bolting combined machine, and the fragmentation and mode of conveyance are different, as shown in Figure 1. As a result, the force of the cutting head differs significantly from that of a helical drum during the cutting process. Rock breaking is a complex and cumulative process, with non-equilibrium and non-linear characteristics. The main reason that a rock can be broken with a pick lies in its compressive effect on the rock. Specifically, the compressive stress generated in front of the blade quickly destroys the weak connections inside the rock, with the damage gradually accumulating. A constitutive model of this type of damage was proposed by [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] in 1993 (hereinafter referred to as the HJC model). This describes the nonlinear deformation, breakage, and damage of materials like concrete and rock. It also considers the pressure correlation, strain rate effect, and damage softening effect of the material's compressive strength, which is consistent with the fragmentation characteristics for coal and rock. The HJC model was used by [PERSON] to simulate the process of breaking rock with a cutter [23]. [PERSON] later explored ways of determining its parameters [24]. [PERSON] subsequently revised these parameters on the basis of a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiment, so as to make it better-suited to coal and rock [25]. In this paper, a finite element model of cutting rock with the cutting head of a tunneling-bolting combined machine is presented. This model incorporates a constitutive model of rock dynamic compression damage based on a double-failure criterion.