## 1 Introduction  
Myopia, or reasightedness, is an eye disorder in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are focused in front of the retina when ocular accommodation is relaxed [1]. It is well recognized as a significant public health issue, leading to evitable vision loss and serving as a risk factor for a range of other sight-threatening conditions [2, 3]. For nearly a decade, preventing and managing myopia has been a key focus in the fields of optometry and ophthalmology. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a study that raised awareness among researchers and clinicians worldwide about this eye condition, emphasizing its rapidly growing prevalence [4]. The WHO conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, which included more than 100 studies and over 2 million participants, to assess the trends in myopia and high myopia from 2000 to 2050. At the start of the study period, 1.406 billion individuals were affected by myopia, including 163 million with high myopia. By 2050, the WHO projected that half of the global population would be nearsighted, with 10% experiencing high myopia. If not addressed, myopia could lead to an increased risk of vision impairment in adulthood and potentially accelerate the development of serious eye conditions, such as myopic maculopathy, glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal detachment [5, 6]. The diagnosis relies on clinical assessments such as objective cycloplegic refraction (considered the gold standard and best practice) and subjective refraction, the evaluation of distance visual acuity, and, when feasible, the measurement of axial length [7]. Visionscreening campaigns and eye examinations are typically conducted by eye care professionals and skilled volunteers, depending on the personnel's level of training, available equipment, and the setting. For example, the study by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] describes the findings of a school-based cross-sectional comparative study conducted from January to April 2016. The research aimed to assess the prevalence of refractive errors among school-aged children, with the examinations carried out by qualified eye care specialists. The eye examination procedures used in the study comprised measuring monocular unaided visual acuity, monocular aided visual acuity for those wearing glasses, evaluating the external eye and anterior segment, and performing red reflex testing and refraction using a portable photo-refractor device. In contrast, [PERSON] et al. [9] report results from a vision screening program performed by school teachers. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of such programs. The findings indicated that teachers were more accurate in detecting children with normal vision through a visual acuity test (specificity of 99.6%) compared to identifying those with vision problems (sensitivity of 25%). Factors contributing to discrepancies in screening accuracy include the quality of teacher training, the screening procedures used, and the adherence to those procedures. The low sensitivity suggests that a significant number of children with vision problems are overlooked and not correctly identified, which could have serious health consequences. This highlights the need for improved screening techniques and underscores the potential for further research to develop more objective, standardized, and cost- and time-efficient tools. Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has recently reached new heights. In ophthalmology and optometry, various studies have proposed AI approaches for the screening and diagnosis of different eye diseases, facilitated by the widespread adoption of diagnostic imaging technologies such as fundus cameras (FC) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) [10; 11; 12; 13; 14]. While FC and OCT are standard procedures in myopia management, their implementation is still ongoing, and the integration of AI requires further improvement and thorough investigation [15].