## 4 Use Case and Simulation of the Proposed System
### Description Performance Analysis and Simulation of PMIPv6/AAND  
To assess the efficiency of the proposed Technique-1, the following parameters are used in PMIPv6/AAND within the system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**MN-ID** & **CoA** & **LL-ID** & **HNP List** \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA1 (PCoA1) & XXX & [HNP1, **Pei**],[HNP2, sec] \\  & & & [HNP1, **Pei**],[HNP2, sec] \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA2 (PCoA2) & YYY & [HNP1, sec],[HNP2, **Pei**] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: MAG2 Binding Update details. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**MN-ID** & **CoA** & **LL-ID** & **HNP List** \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA1 (PCoA1) & XXX & [HNP1, **Pei**],[HNP2, sec] \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA2 (PCoA2) & YYY & [HNP1, sec],[HNP2, **Pei**] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Binding Cache Details after Update. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**MN-ID** & **CoA** & **LL-ID** & **HNP List** \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA1 (PCoA1) & XXX & [HNP1, **Pei**],[HNP2, sec] \\  & & & [HNP1, **Pei**],[HNP2, sec] \\ \hline MN-1 & Proxy CoA2 (PCoA2) & YYY & [HNP1, sec],[HNP2, **Pei**] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Proxy Binding Updating List after Triggering. Here, MMAG represents the modified MAG (M-MAG) which also represents the number of hops in Hop Distance (HD). It is believed to be circular. It is determined using the Poisson distribution [11]. ([PERSON] and others, 1994). Thus to enable the suggested system to be workable, the foregoing factors are considered in the simulation. * Use of stateless address configuration is presumed. The time delay of the connecting network prefix and its address interface is negligible. * Constant traffic between MN and CN is assumed, and the packets are transferred through the optimized path. * The RS and RA message are presumed to have the same time delay in attaching the MN. * The very first AP is known as a hop first. * The arrival and receiving session rates are the same. The current proposal follows a Poisson process which calculates the packet's total waiting time [12] ([PERSON] 1975). Mobility Model Ratio  
A mobility ratio is calculated based on the speed that the packets take to reach to the mobile node. It is represented as the signal mobility ratio (SMR). SMR = Session arrival rate/average time delay between AP-MN  
Session arrival rate is represented as \(\lambda_{\text{s}}\). are shown the SMR value in the Equation (1)  
\[\text{SMR}=\frac{\lambda_{\text{s}}}{\text{TD}_{\text{AP-MN}}} \tag{1}\]  
The simulation tool is a Network Simulator-3 (NS-3) [13] ([[http://nsnam.org/](http://nsnam.org/)]([http://nsnam.org/](http://nsnam.org/))). Based on [PERSON] et al. [14] (2010), the PMIPv6 setup is created. Figure 11 displays the topology of the simulation. The topology for simulation is conceived with three different physical interfaces such as WLAN, Wi-Max and 3G. For simulation, the following parameter values are given, and the simulation parameters are set because of the IEEE standard [15]. The linked delay (LD) is 0.1 msec (simulation is done with minimum velocity to effectively show the difference in the results of the transfer in seconds). Table 5 displays the parameter values for various interfaces in the simulation. The table below shows the parameters for PMIPv6, F-PMIPv6 and PMIPv6/AAND simulations. The simulation takes 30 seconds to run. The speed of motion is 100/Mbps (Megabits per second)  
Here, it is desired to hit simulation from one MN to one CN. Table 6 represents BCE's LMA flow binding list and shows the priority flow of the different interfaces. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Flow ID** & **MN-ID** & **LL-ID** & **Priority of Flow** \\ \hline UDP1 X (WLAN) & MN-\(1\) & XX: XX & WLAN-\(>\)3G-\(>\)Wi-Max \\ \hline UDP2 Y (Wi-max) & MN-\(1\) & YY: YY & Wi-Max-\(>\)3G-\(>\)WLAN \\ \hline UDP3 Z (3G) & MN-\(1\) & ZZ: ZZ & 3G-\(>\)Wi-Max-\(>\)WLAN \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: LMA Binding flow list of BCEs.