## 5 Conclusions  
This research we carried out showed a different width of the incisal canal depending on the gender. The anteroposterior length of the canal largely depended on its width. The inclination of the canal depended on the inclination of the incisors in different age groups. The width of the canal depended on the sex-related converging or diverging position of the incisors. Knowledge of the anatomy of the incisive canal and the use of 3D imaging in high-risk patients can prevent resorption of the incisor root by considering the individual anatomical conditions of the patient when planning orthodontic tooth movement. It is reasonable to consider performing CBCT before the start of orthodontic treatment in the case of moderate and significant retraction of the incisors or a significant change in their inclination due to the high anatomical diversity of the incisive canal area, especially in adult patients.  
More high-quality studies are needed, primarily RCTs with a clearly defined methodology, for better-quality analyses and more reliable conclusions.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Risk Factor** & **Potential Risk Group** \\ \hline Incisive canal width & Males \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{AP canal length} & Males—cervical (excessive lingual movement of the incisors) \\  & Females—apical (axial movement, torquing, and proclination) \\  & Females over 40 years—lingual movement, torquing and \\  & retraction, especially after osteodistraction \\ \hline Root angulation of the upper central incisors & Males aged 13–30 years (axial movement, excessive torque, \\ (convergent/divergent) & and proclination) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Canal inclination vs. incisor inclination} & Age 13–20 years \\  & Females—pericervical (lingual movement, excessive retraction) \\  & Males—apical (proclination, torque and axial movement) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Canal width vs. root distance from the canal} & Males—pericervical (lingual movement, excessive retraction) \\  & Males 13–20—L2 (axial movement) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Females over 40 years—pericervical and apical (all movements) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Risk groups for sex, age, and orthodontic movements in relation to the anatomy of the incisive canal.  
**Author Contributions:** [PERSON] and [PERSON] were the authors of the research concept; [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] collected the data and were the main co-authors in terms of writing the manuscript. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] analysed and interpreted the data. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] were responsible for preparing tables and references. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This study did not receive external funding.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Wroclaw Medical University (nr KB-231/2021, accessed on 19 March 2021).  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available because the data was provided in a raw form to the statistician for analysis, potentially remaining incomprehensible to others without detailed explanations.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.