## 1 Introduction  
In Algeria, the first attempt to connect the wind energy conversion system (WECS) to the electricity distribution network dates back to 1957, with the installation of a 100-kW wind turbine at the Grands Vents site (Algiers) by the French designer [PERSON]. Nowadays, the depletion of fossil fuels reserves in Algeria, fluctuations in oil price and the location of energy resources are causing instability in energy policy. In addition, the use of fossil fuels for conventional power plants triggers alarms of an environmental disaster. Currently, to reduce the harmful impact of conventional resources and improve Algerian energy efficiency, the energy policy program announced by the Ministry of Mines and Energy aims, by 2030, to produce 40% electrical energy from renewable resources [1]. For WECS, the power to be produced over the period 2012-2022 is estimated at approximately 516 MW, of which 10 MW are installed at Kabertene (70 km from Adrar) in the Algerian desert [1; 2; 3; 4]. This pilot wind farm consists of 12 wind turbines with a unit capacity of 0.85 MW, the energy produced will be injected to the 30/220 kV step up transformer situated in the same locality [1], as shown in Figure 1. Currently, the Algerian electrical grid code does not consider WECS. In the region of Adrar, the electrical grid is not interconnected with the north; it is a local grid (or micro-grid). Therefore, this program of the energy policy must be accompanied by continual development of wind energy technology and optimization techniques, looking for better options concerning reduced costs, improvement regarding wind turbine performances, reliability of electrical groups and electrical grid integration. In the period of 2009-2010, [PERSON] et al. [6] and [PERSON] et al. [7] undertook the first study to identify a suitable site in Adrar region for the wind farm installation. In addition, [PERSON] et al. [7] used data of wind speed over a period of nearly 10 years to assess the potential of wind power stations in two southern Algerian regions, namely, Timimoun and Tindouf. In [8], a study of the wind potential in seven southern Algerian sites was undertaken, from west to east, Tindouf, Bechar, Adrar, and Ghardaa, In Amenas and In Salah (Tamanrasset). In [9] wind speed data was collected over a period of almost 5 years, from three selected stations in northern Algeria. Within this context, some studies in the Algerian high plateau region were performed in [10; 11; 12]. However, the authors did not consider the integration issue of the wind farm into the electrical grid and it is well known that the electrical grid influences greatly the performance of wind farm installation and production. At the present time, doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) are the most used in WECS [13; 14] and especially in the Algerian wind farm at Kabertene in Adrar. Simple induction generators have some weaknesses such as reactive power absorption and uncontrolled voltage during variable rotor speed. These complications are avoided by the installation of DFIG and power converters or power drives [15; 16]. The particular feature of the DFIG is that the injected power by the rotor converter is only a small part from the total provided power with its stator directly connected to the electrical grid [17; 18; 19]. Hence, the size, the cost and losses of the power converter are optimized compared to a full-size power converter of the other generators. Figure 1: Wind farm at Kabertene in Adrar. Reproduced for reference [5]. One of the most important considerations in a wind farm grid-connected project is fault ride-through (FRT) capability, where the energy grid is often weak and the DFIG is frequently working under grid faults when the wind farm is located relatively far from this electrical grid [20]. Therefore, many research works focus on studying the dynamic behaviors of wind farms during and after the clearance of the grid fault conditions without disconnection from the electrical grid.