## 2 Experimental Assessment of Curtain Wall Seismic Performance
### Dynamic Behavior of Curtain Walls: Description, Experimental Setup, and Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline Dimension & Facade Frame & 4005 mm (W) \(\times\) 4200 mm (H) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Story Height} & 4000 mm \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Frame} & Mullion & 60 mm \(\times\) 175 mm (Aluminum extruded bar) \\ \cline{2-3}  & Transom & 60 mm \(\times\) 175 mm (Aluminum extruded bar) \\ \cline{2-3}  & Thermal Break & PVC (Mullion and Transom) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Glass Spec.} & Glass Thickness and General & 42 mm Triple glass (6 Low-e + 12 Air + 6 Clear + 12 Air + *6 Low-e) \\ \cline{2-3}  & Spec. & 400 mm \\ \cline{2-3}  & Reinforced Glass Spec. & 6 Low-e: SKN154 II (Semi-reinforced glass) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Designed member specifications of seismic specimen components. In the dynamic seismic performance test, a vibration of 0.8 Hz was applied up to the displacement of 75 mm, and vibration of 0.4 Hz was applied up to the displacement of 150 mm, as shown in Figure 12, according to the AAMA 501.6 standard. The test was conducted while gradually increasing the displacement by four cycles at intervals of 6 mm. Table 6 compares the results of the dynamic behavior analysis after the dynamic cracking crescendo test for non-seismic and seismic curtain walls. \(\Delta\)Fallout is an essential requirement, \(\Delta\)Seal cracking and \(\Delta\)Cracking are considered to be optional. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Laminated Glass Spec.} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{None} \\ \hline Glass & a & 1279 mm (\(b_{p}\)) \(\times\) 1449 mm (\(h_{h}\)) & \\ \cline{2-5} Dimension & b & 1279 mm (\(b_{p}\)) \(\times\) 734 mm (\(h_{b}\)) & \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Gasket} & None \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Sealant} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{External: Weather sealant/Internal: Structural sealant} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Glass Bite Depth} & \multirow{2}{*}{Glass Bite Depth} & Left(L)/Right(R) & 120 mm & Cap type \\ \cline{3-5}  & & Up(U)/Down(L) & 120 mm & Cap type \\ \cline{3-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Classification} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Glass size (mm)} & Frame inner diameter (mm) & Clearance \\ \cline{3-5}  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Fix} & \(c_{1}\) (L/R) & 1279 & 1298 & 9.5 mm \\ \cline{3-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Glass-Frame} & \multirow{2}{*}{Cleanement} & \(c_{2}\) (U/D) & 1449 & 1468 & 9.5 mm \\ \cline{3-5}  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Cleanement} & \(c_{1}\) (L/R) & 1279 & 1298 & 9.5 mm \\ \cline{3-5}  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Cleanement} & \(c_{2}\) (U/D) & 734 & 753 & 9.5 mm \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{AL. Sleeve of Expansion Joint} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{None} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Finish} & AL. Bar & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Powder coat} \\ \cline{3-5}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Steel Anchor} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Hot-dip galvanizing} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: _Cont._  
Figure 12: Dynamic seismic waveform applied to the AAMA 501.6 test method. In the case of the non-seismic curtain wall test specimen, it was confirmed that the glass fallout occurred at a displacement of 90 mm due to severe damage to some members, as shown in Figure 13, in the static seismic performance test. However, in the case of the seismic curtain wall to which the mobile fastener was applied, no cracks, breakage, or fallout occurred in the entire frame following the test, as shown in Figure 14, and the upper fastener to which the dynamic displacement was applied had no abnormality. The comprehensive assessment of the results of the dynamic seismic performance test showed that due to the application of a fastener with a displacement control function, even if a dynamic cracking crescendo is applied to the curtain wall, the wall can respond to earthquakes with a displacement of up to 150 mm, which is 3.75% of the floor height, thus ensuring the seismic performance.