# An IoT-Based Computational Framework for Healthcare Monitoring in Mobile Environments
## 4 Case Study
### Infrastructure Deployment  
The next design step is to set the devices that will collaborate in sensing the data and processing each task. This is the set of the devices \(D\), and it may contain local sensors, wearables, smartphones and tablets. These devices are in the IoT communications network. The set of devices of the BAN consists of a chest strap sensor and a smartwatch. * The chest strap sensor is a wearable biomedical sensor that reads athletes' heart rates. Each athlete should wear this sensor for acquiring the most relevant data. The device basically consists of a chest strap sensor that monitors the heart rate and a communication module for sending the data to the display devices. This device does not have computing capabilities due to size and battery constraints. Thus, the chest strap sensor is limited to sensing the heart rate per second and sending it to the athlete's smartwatch. A Bluetooth link is established to accomplish this goal. * The smartwatch is a modern wearable basically designed for display purposes. The device can acquire other data such as the field position, the distance covered, GPS and altitude position and the number of minutes played. The wearable has good communication features. Usually, it supports several communication standards such as Bluetooth, WLAN and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) modes. In our proposal, each smartwatch receives the athlete'sheart rate from the chest strap sensor and makes a data package that includes the heart rate, GPS coordinates (position in the field), covered distance and number of minutes played. This data package is sent to the mobile devices of the medical staff repeating this process each second. The communication between them is by means of a dedicated WLAN network. In addition, an environmental sensor has been added to the system. The ambient conditions could influence the performance of the athletes and the risk of SD. In this case, the IoT environment can take into account more than just the health sensors in order to reach a better prediction. The environmental sensor reads ambient conditions during the match such as ground temperature, wind speed, wind temperature, and ambient humidity. These data are packaged and sent to the mobile devices of the medical staff repeating this process each minute. The available computing devices are of different types. Firstly, the athletes' smartwatches can perform some processing work. In addition, the sport coaches and medical staff have mobile devices (such as smartphones, tablets or laptops) for performance assessment and medically monitoring the players. Figure 4 shows the scheme of the infrastructure deployment, the communication methods and the users of the system. According to this deployed infrastructure, the IoT environment consists of the following devices (Figure 4):  
\(\text{B}=\{\text{b}_{1}\text{: chest strap sensor; b}_{2}\text{: smartwatch}\}\)  
\(\text{M}=\{\text{m}_{1}\text{: coach's tablet; m}_{2}\text{: medical staff's mobile computer}\}\)  
\(\text{E}=\{\text{e}_{1}\text{: environmental sensor; e}_{2}\text{: thermometer}\}\)  
So that, \(\text{D}=\{\text{b}_{1},\text{b}_{2},\text{m}_{1},\text{m}_{2},\text{e}_{1}, \text{e}_{2}\}\)  
The IoT communication network uses different modes. Communication between the biosensor that footballers wear on their bodies and the smartwatch is made through Bluetooth. This method is usually used for exchanging data over short distances using short-wavelength Ultra High Frequency (UHF) radio waves [100]. The communication between the wearable and the remote devices is performed by means of a dedicated WLAN deployed on the football pitch. The next generation of 802.11 ah standard is being developed for IoT applications. Its main features are greater coverage and higher power efficiency [81; 82]. This standard can cover a long distance for outside environments that is sufficient for a football match. Finally, the environmental sensor data are communicated via wired LAN to be displayed and/or processed.