## 3 Proposed Solution
### Overview  
We enable the Intel HT (hyperthreading) technology to improve the performance of the CPU cores [25]. HT technology was the origin of bringing parallel computation to PCs. Using this technology, a single processor presented physically appears as two logical processors that share physical resources and use the duplicated architecture in the operating system. In other words, the operating system considers each CPU core as two separated CPUs. Hyperthreading technology improves utilization of CPU resources; if we enable the HT then we can utilize the resource efficiently. The performance of threaded applications is improved and processing throughput is also increased. Not only is HT used to maximize the performance of processors, but utilization of resources is enhanced that leads to the higher throughput for specific types of scientific workloads. The processing cores performance increases at some extent to their capacity by enabling HT on the system, where virtual machines and containers are running the scientific workloads. The first technique of study mentions that HT must be enabled on physical machines so that virtual machines or containers running scientific workload produces higher throughput. The underutilization of processor resources is also incorporated by HT technology. Application level performance and system level performance can be boosted using HT. The second proposed technique is used to improve performance of VMs or containers by selecting a greater number of vCPU (virtual CPU) cores that run on virtual machines or containers. Bare metal performs comparatively better than virtual machines and containers with higher vCPU cores in scientific workloads. This performance degradation is caused by the scheduling policy of hypervisor, and performance also decreases when loosely coupled scientific tasks with a higher number of vCPUs runs on virtual machines or containers. In VMs or containers, the performance of a single core might be increased when HT is enabled because it adds the additional vCPU cores to the virtual machine or container. This study proposes that to achieve real-time performance, virtual machines or containerswould operate with fewer vCPU core numbers. The third technique suggested is used to enhance the overall throughput and efficiency of virtual machines or containers by physically isolating the processor's cores. In the host operating system, there are several interferences running on the physical processing core, which decrease virtual machine or container performance. Complete isolation of physical processing cores from the kernel of the host OS improves the performance of VMs or containers. Using isolation, tasks in the system do not follow scheduler assignment. The fourth technique suggests pinning of CPU cores of VM or containers. For scientific workloads, CPU cores must be pinned properly in order to improve performance. This pinning is required to consider NUMA multicore processor architecture. Pinning needs to be performed on every logical CPU of the guest virtual machine or container using the ID of host system. To execute the scientific workloads efficiently, the NUMA architecture with pinning technique can maximize the overall performance of virtual machines and containers. The proposed combinations of four strategies are evaluated with several modifications to achieve higher efficiency and performance of the virtual machine and container in the cloud computing world.