# Physical and Morphological Differences between Young Elite Taekwondo and Karate Players
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Taekwondo**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Karate**} & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **95\% CI** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **95\% CI** & **\(p\) Value** & **Cohen’s \(d\)** \\ \hline Age (years) & 13.40 \(\pm\) 1.48 & 12.03–14.77 & 12.20 \(\pm\) 1.09 & 11.36–13.04 & 0.08 & 0.92 \\ APHV (years) & 12.13 \(\pm\) 0.31 & 11.84–12.42 & 11.78 \(\pm\) 0.32 & 11.54–12.02 & **0.04** & 1.11 \\ Maturity & 1.24 \(\pm\) 1.52 & \(-\)0.16–2.65 & 0.39 \(\pm\) 1.02 & \(-\)0.40–1.18 & 0.2 & 0.66 \\ Weight (Kg) & 53.34 \(\pm\) 11.63 & 42.59–64.10 & 46.42 \(\pm\) 10.12 & 38.65–54.20 & 0.22 & 0.63 \\ Height cm) & 159.93 \(\pm\) 12.80 & 148.09–171.77 & 153.57 \(\pm\) 7.15 & 148.07–159.06 & 0.23 & 0.61 \\ Sitting height (cm) & 83.26 \(\pm\) 6.29 & 77.44–89.08 & 84.10 \(\pm\) 6.68 & 78.96–89.24 & 0.8 & 0.13 \\ Arm span (cm) & 162.34 \(\pm\) 12.87 & 150.44–174.25 & 154.97 \(\pm\) 7.77 & 148.99–160.94 & 0.18 & 0.69 \\ \(\Sigma\) 6 skinfolds (mm) & 85.43 \(\pm\) 25.58 & 77.60–139.83 & 76.89 \(\pm\) 27.62 & 55.65–98.12 & 0.54 & 0.32 \\ \(\Sigma\) 8 skinfolds (mm) & 108.71 \(\pm\) 33.65 & 15.95–27.81 & 98.39 \(\pm\) 38.40 & 68.87–127.91 & 0.58 & 0.29 \\ FM percentage (\%) & 21.88 \(\pm\) 6.42 & 37.57–41.04 & 21.13 \(\pm\) 5.48 & 16.92–25.34 & 0.8 & 0.13 \\ MM percentage (\%) & 39.30 \(\pm\) 1.88 & 16.74–33.29 & 40.52 \(\pm\) 3.44 & 37.87–43.16 & 0.42 & 0.44 \\ Right hand grip (kg) & 24.61 \(\pm\) 8.52 & 15.40–28.12 & 18.91 \(\pm\) 5.43 & 14.74–23.09 & 0.12 & 0.8 \\ Left hand grip (kg) & 21.76 \(\pm\) 6.88 & 19.60–40.21 & 16.99 \(\pm\) 6.35 & 12.10–21.87 & 0.17 & 0.72 \\ CMJ (cm) & 29.91 \(\pm\) 9.82 & 24.60–33.00 & 26.08 \(\pm\) 3.99 & 21.12–31.04 & 0.44 & 0.51 \\ Head girth (cm) & 55.21 \(\pm\) 1.27 & 21.94–27.72 & 53.17 \(\pm\) 1.59 & 51.94–54.39 & **0.01** & 1.42 \\ Relaxed arm girth (cm) & 24.83 \(\pm\) 3.13 & 23.62–28.73 & 23.96 \(\pm\) 3.77 & 21.06–26.86 & 0.63 & 0.25 \\ Flexed and tensed arm girth (cm) & 26.17 \(\pm\) 2.76 & 20.15–24.43 & 24.64 \(\pm\) 3.54 & 21.92–27.37 & 0.36 & 0.48 \\ Corrected arm girth (cm) & 22.29 \(\pm\) 2.31 & 20.48–24.12 & 20.70 \(\pm\) 2.53 & 18.75–22.65 & 0.22 & 0.66 \\ Forearm girth (cm) & 22.30 \(\pm\) 1.97 & 13.66–15.74 & 21.99 \(\pm\) 2.37 & 20.16–23.81 & 0.78 & 0.14 \\ Wrist girth (cm) & 14.70 \(\pm\) 1.13 & 73.08–85.75 & 14.86 \(\pm\) 0.87 & 14.19–15.52 & 0.76 & 0.15 \\ Chest girth (cm) & 79.41 \(\pm\) 6.85 & 61.29–69.85 & 77.41 \(\pm\) 8.07 & 71.21–83.61 & 0.61 & 0.27 \\ Waist girth (cm) & 65.57 \(\pm\) 4.63 & 78.15–94.48 & 65.52 \(\pm\) 6.96 & 60.17–70.87 & 0.99 & 0.01 \\ Hip girth (cm) & 86.31 \(\pm\) 8.83 & 48.65–63.35 & 85.30 \(\pm\) 8.46 & 78.79–91.81 & 0.82 & 0.12 \\ Max thigh girth (cm) & 56.00 \(\pm\) 7.94 & 42.11–51.41 & 50.19 \(\pm\) 6.78 & 44.98–55.40 & 0.14 & 0.79 \\ Thigh girth (cm) & 46.76 \(\pm\) 5.03 & 30.45–35.66 & 44.52 \(\pm\) 5.73 & 40.12–48.93 & 0.43 & 0.41 \\ Medial calf girth (cm) & 33.06 \(\pm\) 2.82 & 25.98–30.62 & 34.22 \(\pm\) 7.33 & 28.58–39.85 & 0.7 & 0.21 \\ Corrected thigh girth (cm) & 28.30 \(\pm\) 2.51 & 19.89–23.06 & 29.91 \(\pm\) 7.22 & 24.35–35.46 & 0.59 & 0.3 \\ Ankle girth (cm) & 21.47 \(\pm\) 1.72 & 11.64–14.28 & 21.26 \(\pm\) 1.26 & 20.29–22.22 & 0.78 & 0.14 \\ Leg length (cm) & 76.67 \(\pm\) 7.20 & 70.01–83.33 & 69.47 \(\pm\) 6.92 & 64.15–74.79 & 0.06 & 1.02 \\ Anterior-posterior chest & & & & & & \\ breadth (cm) & 12.96 \(\pm\) 1.43 & 5.65–6.35 & 15.93 \(\pm\) 1.74 & 14.60–17.27 & **<0.001** & 1.87 \\ Humerus breadth (cm) & 6.00 \(\pm\) 0.38 & 4.61–5.59 & 6.04 \(\pm\) 0.29 & 5.82–6.27 & 0.79 & 0.13 \\ Wrist breadth (cm) & 5.10 \(\pm\) 0.53 & 8.33–9.52 & 4.93 \(\pm\) 0.50 & 4.55–5.32 & 0.53 & 0.32 \\ Femur breadth (cm) & 8.93 \(\pm\) 0.64 & 5.60–6.80 & 8.64 \(\pm\) 0.66 & 8.14–9.15 & 0.4 & 0.44 \\ Ankle breadth (cm) & 6.20 \(\pm\) 0.65 & 12.78–16.36 & 6.53 \(\pm\) 0.43 & 6.20–6.86 & 0.24 & 0.61 \\ Hand breadth (cm) & 6.86 \(\pm\) 0.41 & 61.77–109.09 & 7.09 \(\pm\) 0.39 & 6.79–7.39 & 0.27