## 3 Results
### Vegetation Dynamics  
The vegetation trend analysis indicated different spatiotemporal patterns in the variables of albedo, EVI, GPP, and surface temperature (Figures 7 and 8). The JPRB and ANP-CSP areas presented little change in the albedo and GPP variables, with an average of less than 1% of significant changes. On the other hand, the EVI and surface temperature variables showed greater representativeness of substantial changes in both areas. In the JPRB, the albedo change varied between \(-0.0019\) and \(+0.0019\) per year (\(<\)0.5% of the area with significant changes). Meanwhile, the Cerrado values ranged between \(-0.0049\) and \(+0.0057\) (\(<\)1.2% of the area with significant changes). The ANP-CSP area was more susceptible to albedo changes, both positive and negative. Figure 6: Fire Recurrence during the period 2001–2016 for: (a) Ji-Paraná River Basin, and (b) Araguaia National Park and Cantão State Park. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Study Area**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Fire Recurrence (km\({}^{2}\)/Years)**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **0** & **1–3** & **4–6** & **7–9** & **10–12** & **\textgreater{}12** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{JPRB} & 10,774.4 & 1373.9 & 47.6 & 4.2 & 0.5 & 0.0 \\  & (88\%) & (11\%) & (0.4\%) & (0\%) & (0\%) & (0\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-7}  & 2126.8 & 877.4 & 1551.0 & 1651.9 & 337.1 & 14.0 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-7}  & (32\%) & (13\%) & (23\%) & (25\%) & (5\%) & (0.2\%) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Area burned in square kilometer (km\({}^{2}\)) by fire recurrence class in the period 2001–2016. Figure 8: Spatial distribution of the trend per pixel in the period 2001–2016 for: (**a**) Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) in the Ji-Paraná River Basin (JPRB), (**b**) surface temperature in the JPRB (**c**) GPP in the Araguaia National Park and Cantão State Park (ANP-CSP), and (**d**) surface temperature in the ANP-CSP. Figure 7: Spatial distribution of the trend per pixel in the period 2001–2016 for: (**a**) albedo in the Ji-Paraná River Basin (JPRB), (**b**) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) in the JPRB, (**c**) albedo in the Araguaia National Park and Cantão State Park (ANP-CSP), and (**d**) EVI in the ANP-CSV. The EVI trend indicates that approximately 22% of the ANP-CSP and 10% of JPRB showed statistically significant vegetation changes (Figure 7b,d,e). In the JPRB, significant negative EVI trends (up to \(-\)0.012 EVI per year) occurred in the region with higher deforestation and vegetation fragmentation, revealing pasture and forest degradation signs. In contrast, positive trends (up to \(+\)0.007 EVI per year) occurred mainly in conservation units and indigenous lands with little altered vegetation. In the ANP-CSP area, there were significant negative trends in the EVI (up to \(-\)0.011 EVI per year) in degraded vegetation and mobile riverbanks. In contrast, the positive EVI trends occurred mainly in forest areas that are also least affected by fire, earning up to 0.008 EVI per year, indicating biomass accumulation. In both study areas, GPP values had less than 2% of areas with significant changes (Figure 8a,c). In the JPRB, we observed GPP changes between \(-\)0.001 and 0.0005 kg C m\({}^{2}\) per Year, restricted to small areas of altered vegetation in cases of a negative trend. While in ANP-CSP, the GPP values had greater amplitude and varied between \(-\)0.163 and \(+\)0.0007 kg C m\({}^{2}\) per Year, and just as in the JPRB, the negative values occurred mainly in fragments of altered vegetation. The surface temperature was the variable with the highest number of pixels with a statistically significant change in the JPRB area (\(>\)30% of the area with significant positive changes), with an increase of up to 0.192 Kelvin per year. In contrast, the ANP-CSP area had 10% of the total area with significant positive changes in surface temperature. However, the maximum values were higher, with an increase of up to 0.252 Kelvin per year (Figure 8b,d).