# Real-Time Evaluation of the Improved Eagle Strategy Model in the Internet of Things  
[PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberiaya 63100, Malaysia; r.  
Systems, 2023. IoT is expected to be used in smart enterprises, building and home automation, smart cities, healthcare, automotive, and other domains [3]. WSC in commercial applications is dynamic, requiring a flexible architecture to meet user needs and company standards. The edge-cloud continuum allows data to be processed closer to the source (edge) while using the cloud for larger computing duties. This hybrid method boosts IoT application response times and Quality of Service (QoS) [3]. IoT Service Composition is another name for the new paradigm that has emerged due to recent developments with the incorporation of WSC into IoT devices (IoTSC). According to [4], some approaches, such as improved genetic algorithm and Petri net approaches, fail to meet certain criteria and overlook fundamental aspects, such as real-time constraints, monitoring, and fault tolerance. According to [5], the number of services is increasing, and the existing issues are insufficient to handle large-scale problems. [PERSON] and [PERSON] proposed a multi-population parallel self-adaptive differential artificial bee colony (MPsaDABC) algorithm with NP-hard complexity, which had drawbacks due to the subjectivity of the weighted sum [6]. Author [PERSON] proposed a hybrid method, Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO), a combination of PSO and FOA, to achieve the optimal execution time. However, the proposed method drops in performance when population time exceeds 800 [7]. In addition to the non-functional service characteristics stated in the previous paragraph, such as service unavailability, poor performance, etc., the functional attribute of service also presents problems that have not been solved. The selected and available provider cannot provide the user with the correct service specified in their request. One study [8] mentions the existing model and approaches for verifying the correctness of a single service and statically composed services. Incorrect service selection violates the Service Level Agreement (SLA) and makes the user dissatisfied, both of which are SLA violations. Invoking the incorrect service could cause a composition to be halted due to a mismatch in parameters. There is no correlation between the output/input that was requested and the output/input that was provided by the service [9]. As a result, the continuity of the system is affected. One study [4] claimed the adaptation of service to provide continuous service to the user, but the researchers overlooked this criterion. The problem statement can be summarized as follows:  
1. Lack of robust implementation in IoT for efficient service selection from a large-scale repository, considering the total completion time. 2. Lack of dynamism and continuity in selecting the appropriate service during WSC. Considering these problems, such as high computation time while selecting a service from a large-scale repository and service termination due to choosing the incorrect service, we, therefore, put forward this research with the following objectives as listed below:  
1. To propose a bio-inspired hybrid model to reduce high computation time in selecting the services from a cloud-based large-scale WS repository. 2. To select the correct services from the service repository based on user requirements for WSC. 3. To evaluate the proposed bio-inspired hybrid model in a real-time environment. While the existing literature offers valuable insights into WSC, there remains a need for methods that not only focus on computational efficiency but also ensure high availability and reliability in service selection. This gap underscores the significance of our Improved Eagle Strategy (IES), which aims to fill these voids. The edge-cloud continuum is a vital framework that enhances the capabilities of cloud computing and IoT by enabling efficient data processing and service delivery.