# Advancing Spanish Speech Emotion Recognition: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Pre-Trained Models
## 4 Results
### LOSO Validation Results
#### 4.2.1 Performance Insights in LOSO Validation
These two datasets, generally larger and more diverse, appear to foster better generalization  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Database**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**FTM (Layer)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**KNN**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**MLP**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**SVM**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & & **UAR** & **Accuracy (\%)** & **F1** & **UAR** & **Accuracy (\%)** & **F1** & **UAR** & **Accuracy (\%)** & **F1** \\  & & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **Accuracy (\%)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **Accuracy (\%)** & **(\%)** \\ \hline \multirow{10}{*}{EM-SpDB} & HuBERT-L-1160k (9) & 51.42 & 61.45 & 58.11 & 67.88 & 75.92 & 74.38 & 68.46 & 75.80 & 74.34 \\  & L-CLAP-G & 41.32 & 51.79 & 48.07 & 50.59 & 58.94 & 56.99 & 49.87 & 59.58 & 57.59 \\  & TRILsson & 49.76 & 60.03 & 56.26 & 70.82 & 78.17 & 76.99 & 71.42 & **79.66** & **78.48** \\  & W2V2-L-R-Libri960h (3) & 48.99 & 57.72 & 54.16 & 68.02 & 74.98 & 73.36 & 64.33 & 71.38 & 69.62 \\  & W2V2-XLSR3-ES (6) & 52.25 & 62.96 & 59.87 & **73.24** & 79.56 & 78.15 & 70.63 & 77.66 & 76.35 \\  & W2V2-XLSR-ES (11) & 51.68 & 60.66 & 56.96 & 70.94 & 78.21 & 76.68 & 70.37 & 77.40 & 75.89 \\  & WavLM-L (6) & 49.08 & 59.20 & 55.35 & 66.64 & 73.84 & 72.06 & 69.05 & 75.30 & 73.82 \\  & Whisper-L-v3 (14) & 41.57 & 50.71 & 46.47 & 65.23 & 73.41 & 71.96 & 65.53 & 72.34 & 70.81 \\  & Whisper-L-v3-ES (14) & 44.28 & 54.28 & 50.08 & 64.68 & 72.91 & 71.48 & 63.98 & 70.33 & 68.84 \\ \hline \multirow{10}{*}{EmoFilmES} & HuBERT-L-1160k (9) & 50.94 & 61.72 & 63.39 & 69.87 & 79.93 & 81.60 & 63.79 & **82.95** & 83.24 \\  & L-CLAP-G & 48.77 & 57.69 & 60.37 & 51.44 & 54.44 & 56.14 & 42.16 & 50.06 & 53.21 \\  & TRILsson & 51.19 & 64.58 & 69.32 & 67.68 & 80.09 & 82.08 & 66.76 & 70.69 & 73.27 \\  & W2V2-L-R-Libri960h (3) & 56.34 & 73.74 & 74.71 & 65.56 & 74.54 & 74.80 & 57.36 & 68.88 & 70.45 \\  & W2V2-L-XLSR3-ES (6) & 62.45 & 76.05 & 76.96 & 69.09 & 83.68 & 83.01 & 65.13 & 79.13 & 80.66 \\  & W2V2-XLSR-ES (11) & 53.47 & 71.22 & 72.21 & 72.68 & 81.93 & 83.86 & 67.15 & 82.27 & **83.78** \\  & WavLM-L (6) & 57.29 & 70.85 & 72.33 & 66.78 & 81.15 & 81.86 & 62.01 & 74.41 & 76.13 \\  & Whisper-L-v3 (14) & 53.12 & 64.16 & 66.99 & 58.56 & 75.40 & 78.82 & 63.34 & 79.48 & 82.08 \\  & Whisper-L-v3-ES (14) & 59.35 & 68.96 & 71.15 & 57.67 & 73.37 & 77.24 & **71.72** & 77.60 & 79.61 \\ \hline \multirow{10}{*}{EmoWisconsin} & HuBERT-L-1160k (9) & 25.22 & 43.07 & 40.53 & 30.19 & 47.46 & 45.47 & 29.35 & 43.97 & 43.21 \\  & L-CLAP-G & 22.89 & 41.38 & 38.93 & 28.37 & 48.23 & 44.66 & 25.68 & 43.39 & 42.54 \\  & TRILsson & 28.40 & 47.60 & 43.81 & 34.48 & 52.65 & 50.33 & 32.66 & 54.03 & 49.72 \\  & W2V2-L-R-Libri960h (3) & 25.21 & 46.13 & 40.23 & 30.55 & 46.97 & 44.94 & 28.11 & 49.38 & 42.23 \\  & W2V2-L-XLSR3-ES (6) & 25.61 & 47.37 & 43.10 & 32.72 & 50.74 & 48.37 & 32.14 & **54.85** & 48.89 \\  & W2V2-XLSR-ES (11) & 25.19 & 44.61 & 42.36 & **34.71** & 53.08 & **50.75** & 30.47 & 43.67 & 43.66 \\  & WavLM-L (6) & 22.98 & 40.92 & 38.76 & 29.81 & 47.80 & 45.35 & 28.21 & 41.10 & 41.56 \\  & Whisper-L-v3 (14) & 25.60 & 43.76 & 41.09 & 30.22 & 50.92 & 49.15 & 29.01 & 43.51 & 43.70 \\  & Whisper-L-v3-ES (14) & 25.51 & 43.36 & 40.04 & 28.79 & 48.92 & 46.95 & 28.41 & 42.65 & 42.22 \\ \hline \multirow{10}{*}{INTER1 SP} & HuBERT-L-1160k (9) & 50.20 & 52.96 & 50.32 & 61.08 & 63.83 & 63.47 & 55.84 & 64.73 & 62.04 \\  & LCLAP-G & 33.68 & 33.80 & 30.40 & 39.99 & 37.95 & 34.41 & 36.40 & 38.78 & 34.43 \\  & TRILsson & 53.40 & 57.92 & 56.99 & 52.46 & 57.07 & 55.32 & 60.50 & 65.61 & 64.52 \\  & W2V2-L-R-Libri960h (3) & 49.66 & 49.38 & 45.54 & 55.32 & 55.45 & 51.88 & 52.25 & 59.67 & 55.57 \\  & W2V2-L-XLSR3-ES (6) & 58.85 & 59.89 & 57.45 & **65.99** & 67.34 & 65.45 & 60.98 & **70.04** & **67.44** \\  & W2V2-XLSR-ES (11) & 54.94 & 57.15 & 55.32 & 61.25 & 66.37 & 64.30 & 60.45 & 68.63 & 66.52 \\  & WavLM-L (6) & 51.61 & 53.83 & 50.41 & 50.94 & 54.43 & 49.97 & 50.56 & 57.83 & 53.35 \\  & Whisper-L-v3 (14) & 42.10 & 43.98 & 41.08 & 49.75 & 51.79 & 49.53 & 54.  
to unseen speakers.