## 3 Integration of 5G NPN Deployment Options and Edge Computing Scenarios
### Edge Integrated with PNI-NPN Hosted by the Public Network  
MNO-offered edge computing provides well-defined benefits for the enterprise customers leveraging the proximity to the end devices thanks to the large footprint of an MNO. The geographical density of points of presence (e.g., radio access sites) of an MNO enables the deployment of edge premises even in a 10 km range from the end devices. Considering the 3 GPP URLLC features combined with edge computing service provided by the MNO enables the support of industrial use cases, which have low-latency requirements, to become realistic.  
One option is when the MNO provides IaaS (connectivity, compute, and storage infrastructure) for a third-party edge service provider, which can use this infrastructure to provide platform services to the customers. The edge service provider may offer a full commercial PaaS for the customer or act as an IaaS provider by enabling other (cloud) service providers to integrate the MNO edge infrastructure into their cloud services, which can be offered to the customers as PaaS and/or SaaS.  
Alternatively, an MNO may act as an edge service provider; in this case, the MNO can deploy its own edge platform on its own infrastructure and offer managed edge services (PaaS) directly to the customers.  
The integrated public network-hosted PNI-NPN and edge solution offered by the MNO enables the MNO to offer a fully-fledged end-to-end solution for the manufacturing use cases, covering both the connectivity and the compute domains.  
Figure 6 shows the case when the edge computing service is offered by the MNO as PaaS (as mentioned above, third-party edge service provider can also provide PaaS).  
The MNO can orchestrate the resources required for the PNI-NPN (which could be realized as a network slice), as well as a (customized) Kubernetes can be offered to manage the placement of the enterprise customer application workloads. The management of application instances (placement, life-cycle management) can be handled by the enterprise customer, but it also can be managed by the MNO according to a business relationship.  
Depending on the footprint of the MNO, this scenario can support the case when the enterprise owns multiple factory premises. In this case, the crucial point is the selection of an appropriate edge premises that can serve a given industrial use case according to the end-to-end communication service requirements. If the UE is edge-aware according to 3 GPP SA6 TS23.558, then the interaction between the edge-enabled client and server supports the fine-grained selection of an application server, considering detailed client and server profile and capability information.  
Figure 7 shows another scenario, where the edge is deployed at the factory premises, and the MNO-provided PNI-NPN is used to connect the industrial devices equipped with UE to the on-premises edge.  
The key point in the option is the proper selection of UPF that is close enough to the edge premises in order to meet the latency requirements. According to the 5G system architecture specified by the 3 GPP working group SA2 [9], the UPF selection can be performed by considering the UE subscription and/or UE location, which is suitable for industrial scenarios. Depending on the relationship/agreement between the MNO and the enterprise customer (industry party), information from the 3 GPP application function (AF) entity could also be used to influence the UPF selection and traffic steering. The  
Figure 6: Edge computing service and PNI-NPN offered by MNO.  
Figure 7: On-premises factory edge with PNI-NPN.  
on-premises factory network can be considered as a local data network and can be reached from the UPF via the N6 interface [9].