# The New Era of Business Digitization through the Implementation of 5G Technology in Romania
###### Abstract
Smart factories are characterized by the implementation of flexible modular production systems, which have versatile production assets and use efficient wireless communication services [60]. The materialization of the benefits derived from the implementation and use of 5G technology, respectively, the productivity increases in the economic and social sectors, the creation of new jobs, etc. require massive investments, time, and a favorable environment for the development of comprehensive digital ecosystems, both in private and public areas [42; 43; 44]. At the same time, 5G implies the evolution and emergence of new stakeholders presented in Figure 2.  
Figure 2: Stakeholders in the 5G era. The benefits of exploiting on 5G implementation are [61]: (i) immediate advantages for users of 5G customer services, resulting from their approach to enhanced outcomes and customer services (in conditions of costs, value, knowledge, security, etc. ); (ii) the considered advantages of vertical businesses, achieved over the better condition of data on manufacture chains, domestic processes, marketplace attributes, separation, consumption practices, etc., refereed by the usage of 5G services; (iii) operative assistances: increasing the production of vertical industries, as a outcome of actual capitalization of data on internal processes; and (iv) benefits for end-to-end or tertiary segments ensuing from the usage of the progressive techniques of real-time data handling interceded by 5G. There are also benefits for the commercial environment: introduction of new corporate models [62], arbitrated by the use of 5G diversity competences; and economic and social assistances, i.e., the cumulative economic output of companies and creating new jobs. The value capabilities proposed by 5G for vertical industries (Figure 3) are: (i) 5G aims to enable a ubiquitous video experience through virtual media, augmented reality, holograms and other immersive technologies that will allow real-time interaction; (ii) 5G will cause the Smart Office revolution, as all office equipment will be wirelessly connected and integrated, being accessible from anywhere using a screen and a user interface; (iii) 5G aims to deliver 50 Mbit/s anywhere, ensuring a high quality of services; (iv) 5G innovation, especially in the basic network, will allow the possibility of creating a user's own network; (v) 5G flexible architecture will allow the relocation of resources to increase the network's ability to serve a large number of users; (vi) 5G supports the evolution of the transport systems towards a higher level of speeds; (vii) the entire 5G system is designed to provide very large scale support to M2M/IoT networks; (viii) 5G will allow an ultra-reliable network for critical applications, for supporting the demands of current applications, as well as for future vertical industry specific applications; and (ix) 5G will make possible the realization of the tactile Internet that will use new user interface technologies, such as augmented reality and remote robotics [63; 64]. Figure 3: Vertical industries. In addition to the new corporate models facilitated by the digitization of the economic sectors [65], the expansion of 5G progress may be related with the modification of elements in traditional models of delivering facilities and infrastructure networks and the emergence of new positions in the value-producing chain [66].