## 2 Systematic Assessment of Innovative Crisis Management Solutions
### Applying KeepOperational and ZKI in the Trial
#### 2.3.2 Trialing ZKI and KeepOperational  
KeepOperational is tailored to the needs of tactical and operational level actors. Within the preparation phase of the trial, the AC police was chosen to operate and assess KeepOperational, as it is the responsible actor of the safety region to generate traffic circulations plans. Further, it was expected that police would be reached by other emergency services to analyze the accessibility of certain points-of-interest on their behalf. By using crisis information from ZKI, it was suspected that KeepOperational shows the greatest value in the impact phase of the event. To assess its full potential in different phases of the CM cycle, the module was also set-up to support decision making in the threat phase by coupling predictive flood information from another tested technology called 3 Di [34]. The information manager of the Regional Operational Team was identified by the involved practitioner working group as the appropriate point of contact for the rapid mapping request to ZKI He was trained on how to request for support by ZKI and how to spread the delivered information with the means available. Data provision was scheduled at a realistic point in time, which meant delivery of the flood extent information in Block 3 (\"situation assessment and evacuation\") of the scripted scenario. After verifying the data received from ZKI, the information manager triggered the integration of the Web Map Service layers into the common operational picture of the Dutch legacy emergency management system called LCMS [35] (Figure 2). Information shared through the information manager in the situational overview of LCMS was transferred to a second emergency management system called CrisisSuite [36] that connected external CTs on demand of the Regional Operational Team to this information flow. Sharing of the flood extent between ZKI and KeepOperational, but also with the other innovative tools, was technologically realized via the Web Feature Service interface of DLR's EOC geoservice. The tools gained access to these services via large data update message. This message was distributed through the common information space of the TTI to the connected innovations. This enabled additional systems to utilize the flood information, but also to track interactions for evaluation purposes. When receiving the flood information immediately upon availability from the ZKI module, the resulting network restrictions were applied to the underlying routing graph in KeepOperational. Additional restrictions of the traffic infrastructure or damages could be added manually through drawing functions or through the import function via standardized formats such as GeoJSON. Consequently, the current disaster situation was considered by the routing algorithm. By selecting start and endpoints, the AC police queried suitable routes to be used for evacuation of the remaining population that avoided impaired areas with the route planning feature. The operator defined characteristics for special vehicles or convoys in his routing request to KeepOperational. The vehicle type each with characteristic dimensions and weight influences turning times, travel speed, or restricts available routes (due to occurrence of bridges, tunnels, or underpasses on the way). The respective restrictions are consequently considered in the proposed route. Other ACs also reached out to the police with special routing requests due to response activities. By using the isochrones router (Figure 3), the police assessed the current accessibility of the affected area to discuss appropriate measures or used the tool to analyze the best distribution of assembly points for evacuation according to situation specific infrastructure constraints. Figure 2: Flood extent layer of Center for Satellite-based Crisis Information (ZKI) provided via Web Map and Web Feature Services for use in an emergency management system. Due to the additional effort of value adding, response times for the damage assessment products took longer than for the flood extent layer.