## 1 Introduction  
With the increasing depth of coal resource extraction and the enhancement in the production capacity of individual mines after the integration of mining resources, the number of rock burst mines has gradually increased and the coverage area has also been expanding [1, 2]. In this context, rock burst accidents have occurred frequently nationwide and have become one of the most serious coal and rock dynamic disasters in coal mining production. According to statistics on various dynamic ground pressure accidents that have occurred, most of them are primarily manifested as roadway impact. In recent years, with the increasing frequency of coal seam main roadway usage, incidents of main roadway rock burst accidents have also become more frequent, for example, main roadway rock burst accidents in mines such as Cuimu, Mengcun, and Gaojiapu. Coal seam main roadways, as a critical component of the mine production system, play a crucial role; once a rock burst accident occurs, it not only results in casualties and significant economic losses but also leads to prolonged production downtime in the mine [3; 4]. With the continuous development of mining technology, the frequency of coal seam main roadway usage is expected to increase further. Therefore, the prevention and control of rock burst in coal seam main roadways have gradually become a key aspect in addressing rock burst issues, and it is also an important scientific problem that urgently needs to be solved in the current coal mining industry. Regarding the research on rock burst issues, scholars from various countries have made a series of mature achievements through continuous exploration, including strength theory, stiffness theory, dynamic static load superposition principles, and so on. At the same time, different countries have constructed corresponding systems for the prevention and control of rock burst based on their actual mining conditions [5; 6; 7]. A large number of scholars have conducted relevant research on the impact problem caused by underground excavation; for example, [PERSON] et al. [8] introduced the impact of rock bursts in underground excavation and related prevention and control measures; [PERSON] et al. [9] studied the mechanism, types, and corresponding prediction methods of rock bursts in tunnel excavation; [PERSON] et al. [10] studied the correlation between the magnitude of dynamic loads from seismic sources on roadways and their propagation distance; [PERSON] [11] proposed the TCR classification method through the analysis of over 200 cases; [PERSON] et al. [12] conducted a study on the rock burst mechanism considering the time-varying characteristics of coal seam main roadways, and developed a weakening and unloading plan primarily based on roof hydraulic fracturing; [PERSON] et al. [13] constructed a mechanical model for the instability and failure of roadways based on the stress distribution characteristics of coal, explaining the mechanism behind the overall instability and failure of coal pillars; [PERSON] et al. [14] proposed a fully anchored support technology by analyzing the main controlling factors of main roadway roof impact failure; [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [15] identified the mechanism of repeated impact in main roadway groups in complex structural areas through factor analysis, and formulated targeted prevention methods by mainly utilizing roof super-long-hole horizontal segmented fracturing; [PERSON] et al. [16] studied the mechanism of rock burst in the roadway region under working face mining influence, determining that preventing main roadway shock damage lies primarily in adjusting the width of coal pillars; [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [17] considered the role played by hard roofs in causing roadway impact damage and proposed a method to weaken roof bands; [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. [18; 19] studied the stress state of the roof and the potential stress concentration of the roof under support.