# Comparison of Genotoxicity and Pulmonary Toxicity Study of Modified SiO2 Nanomaterials
## 3 Results
### Acute Pulmonary Toxicity Test (1 D)

Table 9: Clinical signs and time course of death of rats after intratracheal instillation with unmodified and modified nano-silica on Day 1. Figure 2: Gross lesion of lungs of rats after intratracheal instillation with unmodified and modified nano-silica in the acute pulmonary toxicity on Day 1. Gross lesions of lungs in negative control group (**A**), SA group (**B**), mSAH group (**C**), mSAL group (**D**), SB group (**E**), and mSB group (**F**) were found in rats at Day 1. Arrow. Figure 4: _Cont._  
Figure 3: Histopathological changes of rats after intratracheal instillation with unmodified and modified nano-silica at Day 1 in the acute intratracheal instillation toxicity study. Normal architectures of lung in the control group (**A**), edema and inflammation of lung in the SA group (**B**), edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation of lung in the msa low dose group (**C**), edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation of lung in the SB group (**D**), hemorrhage and inflammation of lung in mSB group (**E**) were found in rats at Day 1. H&E stain. Negative control: R.D.W, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; SA: sample A, 2.58 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; mSAL: modified sample A low dose, 0.06 mg/kg bw, 320\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; SB: sample B, 2.24 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; mSB: modified sample B, 0.24 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. H&E stain. 400\(\times\). Arrow. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Pathological Incidence**} \\ \hline
**Organ** & **Lesions** & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Group**} \\ \cline{3-6}  & **NC 1** & **SA** & **mSAL** & **SB** & **mSB** \\ \hline Lung & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Léma, extensive**} & - & 4/6 & 2/5 & 3/6 & - \\  & Hemorrhage, focal & - & - & 3/5 & 3/6 & 1/6 \\  & Inflammation, alveolar, focal & - & 6/6 & 4/5 & 6/6 & 3/6 \\  & Necrosis, alveolar wall, focal & - & 5/6 & 2/5 & 4/6 & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Summary of pathological incidence and pathological scores of rats after intratracheal instillation with unmodified and modified nano-silica on Day 1. Figure 4: Relative lung weight, BALF protein concentration, and BALF TNF-\(\alpha\) concentration of rats after intratracheal instillation with unmodified and modified nano-silica at Day 1 in the acute pulmonary toxicity study. Relative lung weights of SA, mSAL, and SB groups were significantly increased versus the control group (**A**), SB was significantly increased versus mSB group (**A**). BALF protein expression of SA and mSAL groups were significantly increased versus the control (**B**). BALF TNF-\(\alpha\) concentrations of mSAL and SB groups were significantly increased versus the control group (**C**). NC: negative control, R.D.W, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; SA: sample A, 2.58 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; mSAL: modified sample A low dose, 0.06 mg/kg bw, 320\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; SB: sample B, 2.24 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. ; mSB: modified sample B, 0.24 mg/kg bw, 80\(\times\) diluted, 0.5 mL/kg bw, i.t. * Significant difference between the control and treated groups at \(p<0.05\). * Significant difference between the SB and mSB groups at \(p<0.05\). Relative lung weight = lung weight (g)/body weight (g).