## 1 Introduction  
In the field of water conservancy, the protection of embankments, shorelines and wading structures in rivers, lakes, and coastal zones is very important for flood control and shipping safety. Traditional techniques for river revertment include solid revetment and current reduction revetment. The solid revetment is an engineering facility on the riverbed to prevent riverbank erosion by water flow. It mainly includes riprap, masonry, sinking rows, geotechnical pillows, concrete mold bags and reinforced concrete hinge rows. However, the foundation of a solid revetment is easily washed away, resulting in an obvious drawback of structural instability [1, 2]. The current reduction revetment aims to reduce the flow velocity to block sediment loss to lighten the washing of the river bank. In this area, the pervious frame and I-shaped block, especially the tetrahedron-like pervious frames, are widely applied. According to the hydraulic test results, the tetrahedron-like pervious frames play an important role in dispersing water flow, dissipating scour energy and blocking sediment. This makes it widely used in ecological waterway construction projects as a new protective structure. In recent years in China, tetrahedron-like pervious frames have been used for the repair and maintenance of erosion damage at the edge of the built beach protection zone, the protection of the edge of a rockfill dam head, and the promotion of siltation and consolidation of the beach body [2, 3]. The initial tetrahedron-like pervious frame consists of six precast reinforced concrete rods connected to each other to form a triangular tetrahedral structure. The length of rods is equal to about 600-1000 mm based on practical usage, and the cross-section is 100 mm \(\times\) 100 mm. A steel bar with 10 mm diameter is placed in the axis of each rod, and extends 150 mm out of the ends. Three rods as a group are welded or tied together at one end by the exposed steel bars, and their other end is linked with a rod to compose a trigonal pyramidal structure [4; 5; 6]. In practical engineering application, it is found that the exposed steel bars at the ends are easily corroded and lose their connection function, which reduces the service life of pervious frames. Therefore, by improving the production techniques, the integral pervious frame with a welded steel skeleton embedded in concrete rods was developed [3; 7]. This increases the production steps of the welding of steel bar skeleton, the compositing of the steel formwork, the positioning of the welded steel bar skeleton and the one-step forming of fresh concrete. As a result, the construction complexity was increased and the production efficiency was reduced [3; 8]. The self-compacting steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a kind of composite high-performance concrete, which is produced by adding steel fibers in the self-compacting concrete matrix [9; 10; 11]. Although the addition of steel fiber could bring down the workability of fresh SFRC, and even lead to an unsatisfactory flowability if the fiber content exceeds a certain value, the strengthening of tensile properties and bending toughness of hardened SFRC is remarkable [12; 13; 14; 15]. Except for excellent mechanical properties and durability including high tensile and flexural strengths, better resistance to impact and erosion, and lower shrinkage, the self-compaction of the fresh mix is also favorable for the convenient production of the pervious frame [14; 15; 16; 17]. At the same time, the flow-induced orientation of steel fibers along the axis of the rods benefits the cracking resistance and loading capacity of pervious frames during lifting for storage and stacking in service life. This provides the possibility of partially or completely replacing steel bars with steel fibers in self-compacting SFRC.