## 1 Introduction  
Technologies that are vital to the fields of medicine, agriculture, energy generation, and more, are based on utilizing different types of radiation to function. Even though this offers a multitude of benefits, exposure to some types of radiation can be extremely harmful [1; 2]. Radiation exposure can lead to permanent cell damage, cancer, and even death. Based on these risks, it is necessary to implement careful safety measures to protect people who are engaged in applications of radiation on a daily basis in various purposes [3; 4]. To reduce the possible harm against radiation, three principles can be used to protect against overexposure: time, distance, and shielding. The latter, shielding, has been widely investigated by researchers in the last couple of decades [5]. Radiation shielding provides a barrier between the radiation source and the person, with the material acting as a medium for reducing the incoming photon intensity. A range of materials are commonly used for the purpose of radiation shielding. Concretes are structurally strong and can be enhanced by introducing metals into its composition; however, they are prone to cracking and wear over time, making other materials possibly more efficient [6; 7; 8; 9; 10]. Another material, glass, offers the ability to have a transparent shield while having a wide range of compositions that can be altered to improve its shielding ability [11; 12; 13; 14; 15]. Lead is a common element used in radiation shields because of its high density and low cost, which greatly improves the efficiency of the material. As is widely known, however, lead is a highly toxic substance to both humans and their environment. Over recent years, its use has increasingly become more limited. Therefore, substitutes that offer the same efficiency as the lead while being environmentally friendly must be investigated [16]. In recent years, alloys have gained increasing attention as other possible shielding materials. Alloys are metallic substances composed of multiple elements. By creating alloys, the properties of the original metals are enhanced including characteristics such as strength, heat resistance, and shielding ability. Alloys can be classified based on their size, application, or base metal. A multitude of alloys with different base metals has been investigated for their radiation shielding ability. These include nickel, lead, tungsten, copper, iron, and more. Many of these base metals have shown great ability at attenuating radiation, making them viable materials for protection against the adverse effects of ionizing radiation [17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22]. Due to their excellent heat resistance properties, alloys are used predominantly in a wide range of applications, from aircraft and automobiles to electronics and batteries. Metal atom vibration due to the interaction with the radiation could lead to a reduction in thee ductility of the material. As a result, the breaking of the ionic and covalent bonds take place between the atoms in the materials. This can lead to a change in the material crystal structure, which results in permanent damage to the shielding equipment/materials [23]. Materials used for the purpose of radiation shielding in a reactor environment must have high radiation absorption capacity, a combination of strength and metallurgical stability, and have high resistivity against temperature, chemical corrosion, etc. [24; 25]. Materials with a stronger crystal structure such as superalloys can endure these effects and can serve better shielding, mechanical, and chemical performances. Co and Ni-based superalloys have the advantages of resisting many severely corrosive environments and show high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.