# Mobile-AI-Based Docent System: Navigation and Localization for Visually Impaired Gallery Visitors
## 1 Introduction
Therefore, the guide system for visually impaired people needs to consider how to adaptively provide the information. Therefore, we propose a smart decent system designed to address existing limitations in museum accessibility while significantly enhancing art interpretation capabilities among visually impaired patrons. The proposed AI-based navigation system demonstrates several distinct advantages over existing technologies, detailed as follows:  
1. **Integrated assistance service:** Our service unifies multiple assistive functionalities, overcoming the compartmentalization prevalent in conventional solutions that separately provide directional guidance, hazard detection, or audio descriptions. Instead, this approach integrates navigational assistance and in-depth audio interpretation within a single cohesive platform, ensuring consistent and convenient user engagement throughout the museum experience. 2. **Adaptive information provision:** Utilizing real-time behavioral analysis algorithms, the system monitors visitor engagement patterns--including proximity to exhibits, dwell time, departure cues, and ambulatory velocity--to dynamically adjust content delivery. This approach mitigates the passive information delivery and unnecessary repeated information characteristic of existing solutions, thereby providing visually impaired visitors with a more immersive and enriched experience beyond superficial descriptions. 3. **Real-time obstacle detection and alerts:** Utilizing an on-device object detection model, our system actively identifies obstacles in real-time and promptly alerts users, enhancing visitor safety and facilitating a secure and comfortable museum environment. 4. **Accurate and reliable positioning:** The solution employs a dual-method positioning approach that synthesizes BLE beacon technology with continuous analysis of movement trajectories. This integration effectively mitigates the localization inaccuracies inherent in conventional indoor positioning systems, particularly those resulting from signal interference or unpredictable movement patterns. To effectively implement these functionalities, the proposed system operates in two distinct modes. A Navigation Mode that incorporates real-time obstacle detection to safely guide visitors through exhibition spaces. A Docent Guide Mode that offers more in-depth and context-sensitive audio descriptions, significantly enhancing the overall visitor experience and artwork comprehension. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 discusses the related work. Section 3 examines the structural configuration and methodological principles underlying the Navigation, Localization, and Detection Modules. These modules form the technological foundation required to deliver spatial orientation assistance--navigation services--and contextually enriched interpretive content--guide services--throughout the museum environment. Additionally, the experimental environment is described. Section 4 presents and discusses the experimental results and delves into the quality of user experience, and finally, Section 5 concludes the paper and outlines directions for future research.