# Converging Telco-Grade Solutions 5G and beyond to Support Production in Industry 4.0
## 4 5G Functions and Features to Support the Information Flow within Industry 4.0
### Programmable Logic Control (PLC) and Human Machine Interface (HMI)  
The Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems is the main controlling system of a factory, which regulate and control all the complex operations of a typical industrial plant. The SCADA systems confide on embedded HMI components for all the efficient operations. The PLC connected with HMI, to assist HMI to integrate with a manufacturing plant. The HMI display the data received from PLC to get input from users. For complex manufacturing industries using 5 Gs, eMBB can be crucial to create intelligent manufacturing for real-time monitoring, cloud-based operation and management, service-oriented technologies, and data streaming-based assembly maintenance [112]. All these requirements can only be achieved by the higher communication rate of eMBB. Academia and industry researchers are continuously working on the development of eMBB. The efficiency of the spectrum and simultaneous connections is improved by developing a non-orthogonal multiple access scheme [113] using pattern division multiple access (PDMA). The eMBB control channel is improved using polar codes with a joint successive cancellation list decoding method [114] using the hash-based cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The eMBB's bandwidth, coverage, as well as signaling and spectral efficiency are improved using coding schemes of [115] in terms of bit error rate (BER), block error rate (BLER), flexibility, and computational complexity. The multipath high channel protection along with low latency and high spectrum efficiency is achieved in [116] using a flexible data frame based on Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). The Industrial IoT-driven advanced manufacturing system, which uses the network of networks system for remote controlling, accessing, and manipulating object process in real-time, same as the human being does, requires 5 Gs mMTC [117]. The volume of data generated by densely deployed sensors in the manufacturing industry is a challenging hindrance in the implementation of IIoT, which may be overcome by 5G's antenna array technology [118,119]. The 5G mMTC overhead feedback signaling is enhanced by the [120] compressed sensing-based ACK feedback (CSAF) scheme using grant-free data transmissions (GFDT). The Neighbor-Aware Multiple Access (NAMA) protocol of [121] is scalable and improves heterogeneous communication in mMTC. It is an energy-efficient protocol that improves traffic load and system throughput. With a stable and efficient group-based handover authentication and re-authentication protocol [122,123], the protection against malicious attacks on mMTC in 5G wireless networks is improved. The huge multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is an extension for groups of transmitter and receiver antennas for increased spectrum quality and throughput is the key technology for mobile 5G distribution [124,125]. Huawei and NTT DOCOMO have conducted a large-scale field trial to evaluate the feasibility of massive MIMO to evaluate the efficiency of linear, nonlinear, and hybrid precoding multi-user MIMO schemes [126]. The 5G's uRLLC is mainly designed for areas that require incredibly accurate, sensitive, high data transmission, and low latency instruction transmission in machine-to-machine interaction [127]. 5G communication networks are decentralized portable data centers deployed at the edge of networks to perform localization requests to fulfill uRLLC's ultra-low-latency criteria. The small data packet transmissions to improve the 5G uplink are well adapted for uRLLC scenarios using the collision-free and contention-based radio access protocol [128]. Theoretical queuing analysis and system-level simulations of Qualcomm [129] are used to support 5G uRLLC services. The efficiency and performance of industrial wireless sensor networks are improved by the hybrid multi-channel [123; 130; 131] schemes, which integrates a large number of nodes using multi-channel diversity.