## 2 Data, Methodology and Results
Figure 3: Rayleigh-wave group velocity determination: (**a**) the observed seismogram (red line) corresponding to the event 70 (Supplement 1) recorded at station: RAYN (Supplement 2, vertical component), instrument corrected. The time-variable filtered seismogram (blue line) calculated from the observed seismogram (red line) and the initial group velocity (**b**,**c**). (**b**) Contour map of relative energy (normalized to 99 decibels) as a function of the period and the group time calculated from the observed seismogram (**(a)**, red line) with the MFT. The red points denote the group times inferred from the energy map. (**c**) The initial (red points, (**b**)) and the final (magenta line, (**d**)) group velocities calculated from the group times and the epicentral distance. (**d**) Contour map of relative energy calculated from the time-variable filtered seismogram ((**a**), blue line) with the MFT. The color scale is the same as in (**b**). Figure 5: Love and Rayleigh phase velocities determined for the events involved in the path S23-RAYN (Supplements 2, 3 and Figure 1). The small black circles show the mean of these velocities for each period, and the black vertical bars show the standard deviation. Figure 6: Azimuthal variation in Love and Rayleigh phase velocities for the periods: 20, 40, 60 and 80 s. The black line shows the phase velocity determined by Formula (1) with the coefficients shown in Figure 7 for each selected period. The small black circles denote Love waves, and the small black triangles denote Rayleigh waves. The black vertical bars denote the standard deviation in phase velocity. Figure 8: (**a**) Error \(\varepsilon\) calculated by Formula (2), considering five (solid line) and three (dashed line) Ai coefficients in Formula (1). The red and magenta lines denote Love waves, and the blue and cyan lines denote Rayleigh waves. (**b**) Azimuthal variation in Love and Rayleigh phase velocities for the periods of 40 s. The solid lines show the phase velocity determined by Formula (1) with five (black line) and three (gray line) Ai coefficients. The small black circles denote Love waves and the small black triangles denote Rayleigh waves. The black vertical bars denote the standard deviation in phase velocity. Figure 7: Ai coefficients of Formula (1). The small black circles denote Love waves, and the small black triangles denote Rayleigh waves. The black vertical bars denote the standard deviation in these coefficients. Figure 10: Region 1: (**a**) The S-velocity distribution with depth of the initial model (Table 1) is plotted only from 0 to 260 km of depth. (**b**) The theoretical Love and Rayleigh phase velocities (continuous line), calculated from the initial model (Table 1), are compared with the Love (black circles) and Rayleigh (black triangles) phase velocities determined for this region. The vertical bars show the error in the phase velocities at each period (1-\(\sigma\) errors), for both Love and Rayleigh waves. (**c**) Resolving kernels calculated for the isotropic inversion of the Love and Rayleigh phase velocities. The reference depths are marked by vertical bars for the media depth of each layer considered. \[\varepsilon(\mathrm{T})=\sqrt{\frac{\sum\limits_{i=1}^{N}\left[\mathrm{c_{ob} (T)-c_{th}(T)}\right]^{2}}{N}} \tag{2}\]0 (**a**) Schematic map of the study area [10]. The 1500 m isoline is plotted to show the elevated area resulting from the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian plates: the Turkish–Iranian continental plateau. OFZ: Oman folded zone, TZFZ—Taurus–Zagros folded zone. (**b**) Regions in which the seismic anisotropy will be determined (delimited by gray lines). The black circle denotes source zone (Supplement 3 and Figure 1a) and the black triangle denotes station (Supplement 2 and Figure 1a).