# Precast Bridges of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete in Disadvantaged Village Areas in Indonesia
## 1 Introduction
The soaking causes the bamboo's water content to increase and decrease its strength; however, after drying it undergoes a transition from a brittle behavior to a very resilient behavior [10]. The effect of alkaline cement does not cause the bamboo to decrease in strength. According to [PERSON] (2017) [11], the content of bamboo fiber (BF) treated with the right alkaline can effectively increase toughness, flexural strength, and tensile strength. [PERSON] (2003) [12] conducted a study on the durability of bamboo with treatment using calcium hydroxide (CaOH2) to increase flexibility and durability. In this study, the technology used to prevent decay and absorption, and the effect of a high pH, is to provide a Sikadur adhesive that is also a waterproof layer, and the basis is previous research that has been conducted by several researchers, including (1) [PERSON] (2005) [1], who researched the attachment of bamboo reinforcement with several adhesives applied to the pull-out test and beam test. From the results of his research concluded that the best adhesive is Sicadur 32 Gel; (2) [PERSON] et al. (2014) [13], who researched bamboo reinforcement treated with Araldite adhesive, Tepecrete P-151, Anti Corr RC, and Sikadur 32 Gel. From the sticky strength test, it was found that the best adhesive was the Sikadur 32 Gel; (3) [PERSON] et al. (2008) [14], who experimented on the _Dendrocalamus giganteus_ bamboo species, showing that bamboo with 60 cycles of wetting and drying in a calcium hydroxide solution and tap water did not reduce its tensile strength or Young's Modulus; (4) [PERSON] et al. (2016) [15], who did research on several types of epoxy coatings to determine the bonding behavior between concrete and bamboo-composite reinforcement. The results showed that the bamboo-composite reinforcement without bonding layers was adequate with the concrete matrix, but with an epoxy base layer and sand particles, it could provide extra protection without losing bond strength. However, tests for decay resistance, absorption, and the effect of a high pH on the strength properties will be carried out in future studies; and (5) [PERSON] et al. (2019) [8], who processed bamboo reinforcement by immersing in water for 1 month, coating with Sikadur\({}^{\circledR}\)-752, and applying a hose clamp. The pull-out test results show that the bond-stress increases by 200% when compared to untreated bamboo. Sikadur\({}^{\circledR}\)-752 adhesive is quite effective in preventing the occurrence of hygroscopic and hydrolysis processes between bamboo and concrete. The non-adhesive hose-clamp does not affect bond stress. Several researchers who have concluded that bamboo is suitable for use as concrete reinforcement include (1) [PERSON] (2005) [PERSON] (2005) [PERSON] (2005), who concluded that bamboo can be used as a structural concrete element, including beams, windows, frames, and elements that experience bending stress; (2) [PERSON] et al. (2014) [PERSON] et al. (2014), who conducted tests of treated bamboo reinforced columns and beams and concluded that all tests indicated that bamboo has the potential to replace steel as reinforcing beam and column elements; (3) [PERSON] et al. (2012) [PERSON] et al. (2012), who conducted a feasibility test for the moso-type bamboo as a reinforcing material for concrete and the conclusion was that bamboo could be used as a substitute for steel in concrete; (4) [PERSON] et al. (2013) [PERSON] et al. (2013), who conducted a study to analyze the effect of replacing steel reinforcement with bamboo reinforcement. One of the conclusions wrote that bamboo reinforcement is three times cheaper than steel reinforcement and that the engineering technique is cheaper than steel reinforcement; (5) [PERSON] et al. (2013) [PERSON] et al.