# Oceania's 5G Multi-Tier Fixed Wireless Access Link's Long-Term Resilience and Feasibility Analysis
###### Abstract  
Information and communications technologies play a vital role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and bridging the gap between developed and developing countries. However, various socioeconomic factors adversely impact the deployment of digital infrastructure, such as 5G networks, in the countries of Oceania. The high-speed broadband fifth-generation cellular network (5G) will improve the quality of service for growing mobile users and the massive Internet of Things (IoT). It will also provide ultra-low-latency services required by smart city applications. This study investigates the planning process for a 5G radio access network incorporating sub-6 GHz macro-remote radio units (MRRUs) and mmWave micro-remote radio units (mRRUs). We carefully define an optimization problem for 5G network planning, considering the characteristics of urban macro-cells (UMa) and urban micro-cells (UMi) with appropriate channel models and link budgets. We determine the minimum number of MRRUs and mRRUs that can be installed in each area while meeting coverage and user traffic requirements. This will ensure adequate broadband low-latency network coverage with micro-cells instead of macro-cells. This study evaluates the technical feasibility analysis of combining terrestrial and airborne networks to provide 5G coverage in Oceania, with a special emphasis on Fiji. 5G networks; heterogeneous network planning; radio network; communication service providers; information and communication technologies; indoor hotspot; urban macro-cell; urban micro-cell; suburban macro-cell; rural macro-cell +
Footnote †: journal: _Future Internet_  
Fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks were suggested to overcome these restrictions and meet these needs in a variety of situations, including ultra-high traffic density, connection reliability, and low-latency mobility [9]. Unlike earlier generations, 5G cellular networks can benefit from virtual or cloud-based radio access networks (RANs) [10]. It supports massive IoT devices that are continually connected and require very little power. With a wide range of frequencies, up to GHz, 5G can meet the enormous traffic demand and offer quick access, deliver high data rates, extend coverage, and integrate network infrastructure into all mobile communication systems' hardware [11; 12]. Cutting-edge antenna technologies are driving the adoption of mmWave carrier frequencies. When compared to microwave, mmWave offers many unlicensed spectra that enable improved cell-edge coverage, large bandwidth (BW), reduced transmission interference from nearby cells, and, most critically, frequency reuse over a short distance. Cognitive radio techniques will be incorporated by 5G to provide the best delivery option in a dynamic radio environment. Many more IoT devices can be supported at substantially higher data rates thanks to hybrid beamforming and massive multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO). Low latency is achieved with network scalability and adaptability. However, its transformation into the realm of 5G networks is a costly and complex endeavor. It requires thorough planning and preparation. Both the subscriber radio access network and the data transmission network need to be updated. Since the change will take place within the subscriber network, it is essential to create strategies that make network resource updates transparent for users and affordable for mobile operators. Rethinking network planning tactics, which was shown to be an NP-hard problem, is crucial for achieving the best placement of the radio access networks because 5G comes with a huge installation price and an exponential increase in the consumption of mobile data services. The proposed new spectrum bands range from sub-6 GHz-frequency mid bands or Frequency Range 1 (FR1) to high-frequency bands in the mmWave range (24-100 GHz) or Frequency Range 2 (FR2), according to the 5G New Radio (NR) standards.