## 3 Results  
Initially considered to be potentially eligible for inclusion were 104 studies but after inspection of the full papers, 79 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria for this umbrella review. Results were expressed as descriptive statistics because of the significant heterogeneity in the published data. A total of 25 systematic reviews were therefore included in this study. The included systematic reviews involved a total of 80,840 patients. All the published data described patients evaluated from 2006 to 2021 (Table 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Authors** & **Focused Question** & **Type of Patients** & **Type of Reviews** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2017) [40] & What is the effect of ARDs on MRONJ development in osteoporosis patients? and what are the risk factors, demographical and clinical characteristics associated with MRONJ in this particular group of patients? & Osteoporosis & SR \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2017) [41] & What are the effects of different interventions to either prevent or treat medication-related osteeorecross of the jaw compared with no treatment or an inactive intervention (’placebo’)? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2021) [42] & In populations of patients treated with antiresorptive agents undergoing tooth extraction, which antibiotic is more effective in reducing risk of MRONJ, compared to other antibiotics or placebo? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2017) [43] & Is the C-terminal telopeptide test effective in predicting the development of bisphosphonate-related osteeorecrossis of the jaw? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2020) [44] & Can children be affected by bisphosphonate-related osteeorecrossis of the jaw? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2018) [45] & Is dental implant placement purposeful for patients using bisphosphonates? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2020) [46] & NR & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2014) [47] & NR & Osteogenesis & SR \\ [PERSON] et al. (2008) [48] & NR & Non-Oncology & SR \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2020) [49] & NR & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2019) [50] & What are the most effective biomarkers for the risk assessment of developing BRONJ? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] \& [PERSON] (2009) [51] & In patients on IV or orally administered BPs, what is the risk of developing BRONJ when dental implants are placed and what is the impact of BP therapy on implant outcome? & Unclear & SR \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2009) [52] & NR & Oncology & MA \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2018) [53] & NR & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2010) [54] & NR & Oncology & SR \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{Is a high-dose AR drug holiday at the time of tooth extraction, or other dentonalveolar surgery, necessary to prevent the development of MRONJ in patients with cancer?} & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2009) [56] & NR & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2021) [57] & Are bisphosphonate-related ONJ and denosumab-related ONJ any different, regarding clinical and imaging aspects? & Mixed (Oncology \& \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Systematic reviews included within this analysis. Systematic review (SR); meta-analysis (MA). The types of systematic review included in this research were: systematic reviews (\(n=21\); 84%) and meta-analysis reviews (\(n=4\); 16%). Of these reviews \(n=16\) (64%) were non-interventional and \(n=9\) (36%) were interventional. The general characteristics of the studies included are shown in Tables 2 and 3. The general overview of the studies included within respective systematic reviews. Randomized controlled trial (RCT); prospective (PR); retrospective (RE); case series (CS); case report (CR); prospective case-controlled study (P-CCS); retrospective case-controlled study (R-CCS); case-controlled study (CCS); cross-sectional study (CCS); letter to the editor (LE).