## 1 Introduction
It should be kept in mind that residential buildings are used by many millions of consumers, and there is some inertia in the adoption of efficient energy consumption standards, due not only to consumer behavioral reasons but also to the period necessary for the replacement of equipment and progressive restoration of buildings [10]. The housing and services sector, composed mostly of buildings, absorbs circa 40% of final energy consumption in the European Union and 39% in the United States, and is in the expansion phase, a trend that is expected to increase energy consumption [1]. The energy necessary for the operation of a building is mainly used to maintain thermal comfort and also in the use of electrical equipment that covers other functions than AC, such as lighting, computer equipment, elevators, etc. The amount of energy used in the AC depends on the overall insulation level of the thermal envelope (sufficient thickness of the insulation, reduction of thermal bridges and tightness of the joinery) and the degree of efficiency of the thermal installations [11]. The amount of energy necessary to have a good thermal comfort in a building depends not only on its volume, orientation, rigor of the climate and temperature to be maintained, but also on the heat losses or gains that the building has through its external envelope, which determine the energy demand of the building for AC. The degree of thermal insulation of the external enclosures of the building and its tightness are determining factors of these heat losses or gains, as well as the proportion of the facade surface in relation to the volume of the building [12]. Intelligent sector coupling will address new approaches to the use of efficient and renewable energy systems in residential and commercial areas. Considering the background of a building control system, which includes an energy-optimized system and data management, the interplay of electricity, heat and mobility needs to be rethought. Therefore, the elements of the building to be considered for saving and energy efficiency are: the insulation and the sealing of the building, the thermal installations, the electrical installation, AC, the lighting and the equipment for the treatment of the information and facilities for the use of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy [13]. The concept of building energy management systems caught the attention of researchers for quite some time [14]. Energy management is not a new application of home automation and building automation systems have begun to introduce the control of energy demand in the home using a home automation system. Typically, these systems target commercial office buildings to manage the consumption of heating, AC, domestic hot water and lighting services. Today, this management system ensures the control and operation of the \"Smart Home\" for better energy performance of facilities, and better comfort, such as heating control [15]. A home automation system consists essentially of household appliances connected via a communication network allowing interactions for a management purpose. Via this network, we can turn an ordinary house into a smart home. As a result, the building is a complex living space where production and energy consumption systems vary widely from one space to another but also where the occupants express demands for complex services. Indeed, the energy manager will be able to control the different automation of the building (start of the washing machine, reference temperature and on/off for heating, opening or closing flaps, lighting,...) [16]. In a building the AC system is responsible for approximately 40% of electric energy consumption. If involving heating, cooling and air movement activities it could be 45% of total power consumption of a building [17] and as high as 60% in countries such as Canada. The increase of electric energy has motivated the development of new technologies to reduce consumption [18]. Thus, AC systems have to be operated as much energy efficiency as possible.