# An Evaluation Survey of Knowledge-Based Approaches in Telecommunication Applications
## 4 Knowledge-Driven Applications in Telecommunications
### Limitations, Challenges, and Future Research
* _Cyber-security threats_--In the age of digitization, protecting the knowledge base from cyber threats is a significant challenge for the protection of telecommunications businesses. Access to knowledge base contents implies access to critical business processes and technology know-how. Cyber attacks may enable the infection of knowledge bases with malicious knowledge and misbehaving models. The rich range of limitations and challenges and the use-case discussions reveal that knowledge-based applications are still in their infancy. In addition to the future work suggested above for the top three technologies, some further future research and development directions can be outlined based on the general challenges and limitations discussed. To this end, we envisage different research areas on how to use, experiment, and develop knowledge-driven solutions for wireless networks:  
* _Optimization_ of network operation including advanced self-optimized, self-configured, and self-headed networks where resource allocation is performed intelligently and in real-time based on context awareness and accurate data;
* _Security_ of knowledge utilization to improve privacy-preserving techniques and enhance security protocols in wireless networks. The former should aim at using knowledge representation to understand data sensitivity and reasoning to enforce data protection policies, while the latter should aim to understand complex attack patterns and to implement proactive defense mechanisms;
* _Automation_ where KRR and emerging technologies like 5G/6G, IoT, and edge computing are integrated to develop cross-domain applications enabling network automation;* _User experience_ where KRR is utilized to model user preferences or behavior and to adapt network services accordingly for enhanced user experience. In addition, KRR can be also utilized to implement QoS-aware protocols that can dynamically adjust to meet the varying service quality requirements of different applications;
* _Sustainability_ where KRR is applied to reduce the carbon footprint of wireless infrastructure and improve the energy-efficient operation of the network, as well as to model renewable energy sources while integrating them into the network's energy management strategies;
* _Interoperability_ that require working towards standardizing KRR approaches for wireless networks to ensure interoperability between different systems and vendors, as well as collaborating with international bodies to develop guidelines and best practices for the introduction of KRR in telecommunications. Each of these research areas not only presents opportunities for technological advancement, but also indicates the key research directions, such as the need for robust data management, advanced algorithmic development, and the balancing of efficiency with user privacy and security concerns. Collaboration between academia, industry, and regulatory bodies will be crucial to address these challenges and harness the full potential of KRR in wireless communications.