# A Survey of the Effects of Vehicle Configuration on Urban Air Mobility +
## 3 Applications in UAM  
As we have studied so far, UAM is a developing industry and there are few applications. But we can provide a simple classification here as shown on Figure 23. Generallyspeaking, four main categories can be considered. Transportation within urban areas is the main application of UAM of course. This can include shuttle services to and from airports, intra-city transportation for commuters, and on-demand ride-sharing services. We may consider sub-categories like personal transportation, air taxi, and air bus in this group for differing missions. Personal transportation includes small, single, or multi-passenger aircraft designed for personal use. These vehicles can be owned by individuals or shared through a mobility service provider. They are typically smaller and lighter than traditional aircraft and can take off and land vertically, allowing for greater flexibility in urban environments. Air taxi includes larger passenger-carrying aircraft designed to provide on-demand transportation services in urban areas. Air taxis can be operated by a mobility service provider, similar to ride-sharing services, or owned and operated by individuals or corporations. Air taxis can accommodate more passengers than personal air vehicles and offer a competitive alternative to ground-based transportation. We can consider larger aircraft to transport larger numbers of passengers within urban areas. These vehicles may be operated by commercial airlines or UAM operators and can provide point-to-point transportation services for commuters, business travelers, and tourists. UAM can also be used for emergency response services such as medical transport, search and rescue operations, and disaster relief efforts. By providing rapid and efficient transportation, UAM can help save lives in critical situations. Another application of UAM is the delivery of goods and packages within urban areas. This can include last-mile delivery of packages from warehouses to customers, as well as delivery of critical medical supplies and equipment. UAM also contains aerial surveillance and monitoring of urban areas, including traffic monitoring, environmental monitoring, and public safety monitoring. Another possible application is entertainment and tourism. UAM can also provide a unique and exciting experience for tourists, including aerial tours of urban areas and sightseeing flights. In designing aircraft for UAM, there are some common requirements; these are requirements of almost any other type of aircraft, but the factors that must be considered are different from other types of vehicles. For example, collision avoidance is not a critical requirement in commercial jets, but there are safety systems working especially during take-off and landing in or near the airport where the traffic is high. This is while, in the crowded environment of cities, considering a developed and accepted UAM system in which many aircraft are flying, it would be a critical requirement in safety. To sum up, these requirements can be mentioned:  
Figure 23: Classification of UAM applications. * Safety: UAM vehicles should be designed with safety in mind, including features such as redundant systems, collision avoidance systems, and emergency landing capabilities;
* Maneuverability: UAM vehicles should be highly maneuverable for takeoff and landing in tight spaces, as well as in-flight maneuvering in crowded urban environments;
* Comfort: UAM vehicles should provide a comfortable and quiet flight for passengers, with amenities such as noise reduction systems. This is while some other factors vary in different groups, for example, the cargo capacity in personal vehicles is way much lower than large transportation vehicles. It also applies to range and endurance. Personal vehicles are expected to be easy to use, small, and affordable [5]. We can summarize such requirements as follows:  
* Passenger capacity: personal aerial vehicles may be expected to carry one or two passengers. For a family-designed product, this number may increase to 4-5 passengers.