## 3 Description of Comprehensive Techno-Economic (CTE) Model
### Business Level in the CTE Model
#### 3.4.1 Two Business Level Areas in CTE Model: Products Development and Services Development  
The Products Development Area is best described as \"_creating and developing different types of tariff models, tariff options, groups of tariffs and/or tariff groups for different types of private, business, and/or public service customers_\". The Services Development Area is best described as \"_creating and developing different types of service models for satisfying and meeting different customer needs for communication, entertainment, business or any other purpose_\".  
Products development items represent the quality of different tariff packages, tariff options, groups of tariffs and tariff groups. The emphasis will be on the access to the mobile Internet and on the offer of various new services. For this reason, these items will have to be analyzed from time to time, continuously monitored and changed according to the development of this market in the future. This article gives us an example of the equation \"Pre-paid mobile tariff packages\", which is described by the following equation:  
\[QoTM_{PP}=\left(\frac{QoD_{MO}\cdot F_{Data}}{QoD_{Ref}}+\frac{QoV_{MO}\cdot F_{ Voice}}{QoV_{Ref}}+\frac{QoS_{MO}\cdot F_{SMS}}{QoS_{Ref}}\right).0.1\]  
This equation consists of three parts, which explain the main segments for pre-paid customers: voice (minutes), SMSs and data traffic included in tariff model(s). The importance of these segments is defined by different factors F. The CTE model defines all important issues regarding referent values (Ref) and factor F values. This item will give results for pre-paid product potential in the analyzed telecom operator, but also indicates the possibility of, and gives guidelines for, improving the offer [64; 65; 66].  
Another area on this level is the Services Development Area. Almost all items in this area will be based on new technologies, and this is the most important direction for all modern telecom operators. The items in this area will give us assessments of quality and mass of new services, as well as diversity of services in terms of different business areas (industry, medicine, cities, agriculture, etc.) which the telecom operators offer [67; 68; 69]. Appendix G gives us all the important explanations and equations of these items. In this article, we show one example of the item equation \"IoT specialized services\".  
The equation for \"IoT specialized services\" is as follows:  
\[QoIoT_{SS}=\left(\frac{QoIoT_{SS1}\cdot F_{SS1}}{QoIoT_{RefSS1}}+\frac{QoIoT_{ SS2}\cdot F_{SS2}}{QoIoT_{RefSS2}}+\frac{QoIoT_{SS3}\cdot F_{SS3}}{QoIoT_{ RefSS3}}+\frac{QoIoT_{SS4}\cdot F_{S4}}{QoIoT_{RefSS4}}+\frac{QoIoT_{SS5}\cdot F_{SS5}}{QoIoT_{ RefSS5}}\right).0.1\]  
This equation shows that the top five \"specialized IoT services\" will be analyzed. After a detailed analysis and research, the actual top five specialized services are smart city services, smart home services, smart medicine services, smart agriculture services and smart energy services. These top 5 specialized services might be changed in the following months or years, and will be necessary to analyze and change this ranking. Factors F define the numerical value (percentage) of each of the specialized services. The CTE model defines all necessary information and inputs how to calculate QoIoT\({}_{SSN}\) and QoIoT\({}_{RefSSN}\) (N = 1 to 5).