# Communication Technologies in Emergency Situations
## 5 Discussion
### Conclusions of the Literature Review  
The 27 papers included in this systematic reviewed have been described with a special focus on the technologies addressed either for short range communications (between FRs and/or users/objects in the affected area), for CIRS communications from the affected area to coordination offices, or between several coordination offices, and warning systems communication for broadcasting important information to the entire population.  
Table 5 shows a summary of the most relevant information extracted from each of the references. First, the communication technologies addressed, second, the type of communications considered, third, the communication layer affected by the research, and fourth, the ECS Requirements (from Section 2) targeted by the works.  
Regarding the technologies, the importance of Aerial Wireless Networks as a rising topic of interest (already mentioned in the desk research) has been confirmed, but their actual relevance within this review is surprising, considering that many of the reviews analysed in Section 3 hardly mentioned them.  
Furthermore, it can be concluded that most of the works included the integration of several technologies, but the most prominent issue is that the integration itself is hardly ever addressed, but very often identified in the future lines of research.  
Regarding the types of communications, it has been identified that most of the references only focus on the SR communications, only sometimes including a brief reference to a possible backhaul node to connect to the core network. This is probably because the emergency affected area is where the most challenging scenario related to Aerial Wireless Networks and the deployment of new communication networks can be located. Nevertheless, any Emergency Communication System needs to be addressed as a whole and without neglecting the existing technologies, and in this line, only a couple of works have been identified.  
From the ECS requirements point of view, most of the research works included in this review address them slightly, or even, many times, implicitly. That is, most of the references associate drones with scalability, fast deployment, and low-cost, but without really addressing them, and focusing only on the network robustness or reliability of the Aerial Wireless Network. Moreover, voice and data support are mentioned as possible network capabilities without including specific contributions or solutions for them. Nevertheless, due to the imposed requirement for the review to include at least some technological innovation, more general articles addressing many ECS requirements have been discarded (by the defined search criteria), and thus, in this part of the review, all the ECS requirements addressed by each work in more or less depth have been included in Table 5.  
Finally, Table 5 also includes the extracted information regarding the communication layer being addressed by each work, as this information will be very useful in the next section of this paper, where the mapping of the identified technologies into a proposed architecture will be conducted as part of the discussion derived from the conclusions extracted from this systematic review.