# HAE: A Hybrid Cryptographic Algorithm for Blockchain Medical Scenario Applications
## 5 Conclusions  
To address the challenge of encrypted storage and secure blockchain data sharing, this paper introduces a hybrid cryptographic algorithm, HAE, based on AES and ECC, and applies it to blockchain medical scenarios. During encryption, HAE uses the ECC public key to encrypt the AES initial key and employs the complete AES key to encrypt the original data. For decryption, the ECC private key is used to decrypt the AES initial key, which is then used with the complete AES key to retrieve the original data. HAE ensures data security while addressing the challenge of managing the AES key. We conducted comparative experiments between the HAE algorithm and both the ECC and AES+RSA hybrid cryptographic algorithms. The results indicate that HAE outperforms ECC and AES+RSA in terms of time efficiency and resource consumption, while maintaining superior security. Within the medical application framework proposed, HAE synergizes with the blockchain, IPFS, and other technologies to securely store and share medical data. Our experimental findings underscore HAE's commendable performance in security, time efficiency, and resource consumption, suggesting its viability for real-world applications in blockchain medical scenarios. In summary, this study presents a novel direction for ensuring data security and privacy protection within the medical sector. The HAE algorithm guarantees the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of medical data during transmission and storage, thereby mitigating the risks of data breaches and unauthorized access. By paving the way for an era of enhanced protection in the medical domain, HAE ensures that patient data remain confidential and secure in an increasingly digitalized healthcare environment.  
In future endeavors, we aim to refine the efficiency of the HAE algorithm and broaden its applicability to sectors like finance and public services. However, deploying the HAE algorithm in these sectors presents distinct challenges. The financial sector, given the critical nature of its transactions, demands heightened security. Conversely, the public service sector necessitates scalability to cater to an expansive user base. Addressing these unique requirements will entail further research and potential refinements to the HAE  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Cryptographic** & **Security Level** & **Encryption Speed** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Resource** \\ **Consumption** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline ECC & high & slow & high \\ AES+RSA & relatively high & relatively fast & relatively low \\ HAE & high & fast & low \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Performance comparison of three cryptographic algorithms.  
algorithm. Concurrently, we are looking to incorporate user authentication features into our blockchain healthcare application framework. Comprehensive evaluations will be undertaken to assess the framework's security and performance, ensuring HAE's resilience and adaptability across diverse sectors.  
Conceptualization, Z.C. and J.G.; methodology, Z.C.; software, Z.C.; validation, Z.C.; formal analysis, Z.C.; investigation, H.Y.; resources, J.G.; data curation, Z.C.; writing--original draft preparation, Z.C.; writing--review and editing, Z.C. and J.G.; visualization, Z.C.; supervision, H.Y.; project administration, Z.C. and J.G.; funding acquisition, H.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the Hebei Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Program grant number (2020 GJ)[G158], and by the Ministry of Education Industry-University-Research Cooperative Education Program grant number (202101107009).  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy.  
Support by colleagues and the university is acknowledged.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.