## 2 Related Works  
In compliance with the standards of quality, safety and reliability of the electrical infrastructure, it is imperative to have a communication system that allows meeting the transactional needs of supply and demand [9], also considering that the electrical phenomena of the network in the face of changes in chargeability or availability of generation may occur due to the inclusion of renewable energies and electric cars [19]. As indicated by the study of [11], the most appropriate available means of communication should be used for the interconnection of the network elements since the bidirectional communication required implies a reasonably robust network for the handling of measured data. Consequently, in previous studies in smart metering, there are two types of control architectures for the MG [20; 21; 22]. For such reason, it can differentiate the centralized architectures, where a central MG controller (CCMG) agglomerates the data for further processing and decision making; on the other hand, if we consider a decentralized system, each DG unit (distributed generation) and controllable load has its controller; to subsequently manage actions based on predefined strategies. If we consider a centralized scheme, the CCMG controls the information exchanges at three levels: distributed generation DG, Grid and Load; these levels consider aspects related to the customer's load profile, intermittent sources and electricity markets. Three types of areas can be identified in communication infrastructures. The first is HAN, Home Area Network, which represents the first section of the communications process, as shown in Figure 1, which encompasses communications by the interaction of intelligent devices within the home, the SM and the UDAP in a configuration is usually star type. However, optimization functions can consider P2P (point to point) or meshed networks. The bidirectional communication of the elements of this is necessary for control and monitoring, making use of wired or wireless technology to exchange information of power, voltage, current and frequency measurements. The information collected by the SM should be treated according to the residential, commercial or industrial origin. NAN, Neighborhood Area Network, represents the intermediate section of the smart metering communications process, as shown in Figure 1. Within the micro-electrical grid, this network aims to form the links between the UDAP and the CCMG. In this area, bidirectional communication must be ensured to transfer information from the customers to the micro grid controller and vice versa, using the UDAP [20]. Wide Area Network (WAN), represents the upper section of the smart metering communication process as seen in Figure 1. This network is characterized by handling long distances of the communication links between central offices of the network with the different power substations and the interaction between the public power grid and the micro grid by using base stations for data transmission. This network, also known as an access area network, allows the external exchange of information between the distribution network operator, market operator, and other CCMG. The concept of heterogeneous networks contemplated in previous studies establishes that using different technologies in the transfer of information from the AMI allows reducing costs, ensuring that the connectivity required by the service between customers, neighboring micro grids and the distribution or marketing company within the concession area is not compromised. Consequently, also warns that it is necessary to consider the nature of the technologies that can be chosen as solutions; since network topologies, communication protocols, security, interference, among other aspects are determinant for the optimal performance of the network. Following this line of work, cellular technology can be considered an option for transferring last-mile information between the universal data aggregation points (UDAP) and the base stations (BS).