# Sustainable Plant-Based Diets and Food Allergies: A Scoping Review Inspired by EAT-Lancet
## 3 Results
### Overview of Included Studies
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Author and Year** & **Level of Evidence** **(CEBM 2009)** & **Study Population and Design** & **Main Findings** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & & The review concludes that well-planned plant-based diets can be safe in food allergy prevention, provided professional supervision is ensured. Special caution is required for ultra-processed vegan items. Professional guidance supports allergy prevention; benefits may relate more to increased intake of immunomodulatory plant foods than to mere exclusion of animal products. \(p\)-values not applicable. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & & Vegan diets may help exclude common allergens but could introduce new allergenic sources. Preventive guidance and standardized diagnostic approaches are advocated. Novel allergens present in processed vegan foods highlight the need to distinguish whole-food-based from ultra-processed plant-based diets in allergy management. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & Narrative review on dietary management of peanut and tree nut allergy; \(\
eg 45\) studies reviewed; focused on exclusion diets and food labeling. & The review highlights how plant-based diets may inadvertently increase allergen due to widespread use of nuts and seeds as substitutes. It underscores the importance of clear labeling and dietary education in allergen avoidance. \(p\)-values not applicable. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & Case study on occupational IgE-mediated psyllium allergy in vegan/glutent-free baking; single patient evaluated. & A case of allergic rhinitis due to psyllium powder exposure during vegan food preparation was reported. Although not generalizable, it highlights emerging allergen risks in plant-based food environments. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & Review article analyzing new allergenic risks associated with vegan diets; \(\
eg 40\) studies reviewed including case reports and surveys. & The study reports increased allergy risk from novel ingredients (e.g., pea, lupin, and soy proteins) used in vegan products. Attention to labelling, surveillance, and regulatory oversight is emphasized. \(p\)-values not applicable. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & & Cross-sectional analysis of children with food allergies following vegan diets; \(\
eg 62\); focus on clinical safety and dietary adequacy. & Among allergic children on vegan diets, increased risk of nutritional deficiency and accidental exposure to allergens was observed (\(p\)-values not applicable.) The findings stress preventive diet strategies. Statistical analysis: \(\chi^{2}=7.83\), \(p=0.02\). \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & & & No statistically significant difference in allergy prevalence between vegans and omnivores (\(p\) = 0.64). However, the vegan subgroup showed higher rates of food restriction and need for monitoring in preventive contexts. Data suggest that diet quality and balance, rather than vegan status per se, are critical for preventive outcomes \(p\)-values not applicable. \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & No statistically significant difference in allergy prevalence between vegans and omnivores (\(p\) = 0.64). However, the vegan subgroup showed higher rates of food restriction and need for monitoring in preventive contexts. Data suggest that diet quality and balance, rather than vegan status per se, are critical for preventive outcomes \(p\)-values not applicable. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Plant-based dietary patterns and their implications for food allergy prevention.