## 1 Introduction
The hydrogen yield increases with the rise in temperature and the decrease in particle size. The conversion rate can be maximized by increasing the reaction temperature [32]. [PERSON] et al. significantly improved the hydrolysis kinetic performance by ball-milling magnesium with low-melting-point metals. Mg-10 In% has a relatively low corrosion potential and a high corrosion current density, thus exhibiting good hydrogen production performance through hydrolysis [33]. [PERSON] et al. prepared the intermetallic compound Mg17 Al12 in the Mg-Al alloy through alloying. They utilized the potential difference between Mg and Mg17 Al12 to accelerate the corrosion rate of hydrogen evolution of the Mg-Al alloy in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution [34]. Magnesium metal and its hydrides can spontaneously react with water under ambient temperature and pressure conditions to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction equations are as follows:  
\[\text{Mg}+2\text{H}_{2}\text{O}=\text{Mg(OH)}_{2}+\text{H}_{2} \tag{1}\]  
\[\text{MgH}_{2}+2\text{H}_{2}\text{O}=\text{Mg(OH)}_{2}+\text{H}_{2} \tag{2}\]Herein, a novel hydrogen production method for pure Mg and its alloys utilizes high-temperature water vapor. High-temperature hydrolysis significantly boosts the hydrogen production rate and conversion efficiency. Introducing low-melting-point alloy phases such as Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) accelerates hydrolysis kinetics, thereby reducing the critical reaction temperature and enhancing hydrogen production performance. The chemical equations for the reactions of pure Mg, Mg-Al alloys, and Mg-Zn alloys with water vapor in a high-temperature environment are as follows:  
\[\rm{Mg}+2\rm{H}_{2}O=MgO+H_{2} \tag{3}\]  
\[\rm{Mg}+Zn+2\rm{H}_{2}O=MgO+ZnO+H_{2} \tag{4}\]  
\[\rm{5 Mg}+2\rm{Al}+6\rm{H}_{2}O=MgO+Al_{2}MgO_{4}+6\rm{H}_{2} \tag{5}\]  
This study investigates the high-temperature hydrolysis reaction of pure Mg and low-melting-point Mg-Al and Mg-Zn alloys. Magnesium, aluminum, and zinc are abundant and cost-effective metals. The research systematically examines how temperature, alloy composition, and low-melting-point alloy content influence the hydrolysis-based hydrogen production of Mg-based metals. It reveals the significant impact of the Mg(OH)\({}_{2}\) passivation layer on hydrogen production efficiency. The results demonstrate that adjusting alloy composition and content can lower the reaction temperature and enhance efficiency. Both Al and Zn improve hydrogen production, with Zn exhibiting superior performance. This work paves the way for designing Mg-based materials for high-yield \"green\" hydrogen production and portable hydrogen devices. Aluminum and zinc were added to the Mg matrix through alloying to form Mg-10 Al, Mg-20 Al, Mg-30 Al, Mg-10 Zn, Mg-20 Zn, and Mg-30 Zn, respectively, introducing the low-melting-point second phases Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\). Firstly, compared to pure magnesium, there exists a significant difference in melting points between the Mg matrix and the Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) secondary phases in Mg-Al and Mg-Zn alloys. Consequently, under high-temperature reaction conditions, the low-melting-point Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) phases react first, providing accessible channels for water vapor to enter and facilitate the subsequent hydrolysis reaction of the Mg matrix. The reaction of Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) phases subsequently provides more effective channels for water vapor to penetrate into the interior of the magnesium matrix. Secondly, due to the differences in electrochemical activity between the magnesium matrix and the Mg\({}_{17}\)Al\({}_{12}\) and Mg\({}_{7}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) secondary phases, the formation of micro-galvanic cells promotes the occurrence of the hydrolysis reaction.