## 5 Simulation  
The simulation scenario is configured using the analysis results for the Moon exploration mission trajectory obtained in Section 2. The configured simulation scenario is shown in Figure 9. The overall length of the simulation is 600 s. The C/N\({}_{0}\) starts from 57 dB-Hz and decreases to 5.4 dB-Hz for 300 s. The value of 5.4 dB-Hz is selected as a minimum C/N\({}_{0}\) because it is the minimum C/N\({}_{0}\) that allows the receiver to operate, which is obtained from the optimal bandwidth table generation procedure in Section 3. The C/N\({}_{0}\) decreases with a repeated uniform pattern that maintains its value for 30 s and decreases by 10 dB-Hz for 30 s. Furthermore, the C/N\({}_{0}\) maintains 5.4 dB-Hz starting from 300 s for 150 s and then quickly recovers to 57 dB-Hz at 450 s. After the SNR has recovered, the high dynamics region begins; the jerk dynamic stresses occur four times, starting from 510 s with an interval of 10 s. Each of these occurrences is set to a magnitude of 411 g/s and a length of 1 s because the observed jerk dynamic stress in the Moon exploration mission lasted only for 1-2 s.  
The simulation was configured like this because the Moon exploration mission has a critical characteristic, as can be observed from Section 2. The very strong jerk dynamic stress only occurs at the high C/N\({}_{0}\) region, so the low signal power and high dynamic stress do not coexist in our situation. Therefore, the low SNR region and high jerk region were intentionally separated in the simulation to imitate such mission conditions. From this point, it is thought that the configured simulation scenario well reflects the characteristics of the mission, and the harshness of both situations is similar. The other signal components for generating the simulation signal, such as the code delay, carrier phase, Doppler frequency, and Doppler rate, are generated by integrating the configured jerk value. The starting values for integrating the Doppler frequency and the Doppler rate are set to the mean values obtained from the mission trajectory information of the Moon exploration (mean Doppler frequency: 7744.03 Hz, mean Doppler rate: 2.33 Hz/s). The simulation signal is generated according to the generated signal components and processed by the software receiver. The properties for the GNSS signal generation are set identically to that of the GPS L5 pilot signal with an assumption of the synchronized secondary code (i.e., no phase transition). Since the GPS L5 signal has a larger off-nadir angle (26 degrees) than the GPS L1 signal (23.5 degrees), the SSV users benefit due to the larger main-lobe beamwidth [29; 30]. The tracking loop of the receiver is composed of the code tracking loop and carrier tracking loop. The code tracking loop is set to the carrier-aided first-order delay-locked loop (DLL) with the noncoherent early-minus-late discriminator. The noise bandwidth of the DLL is fixed at 1 Hz, which is a very narrow bandwidth. However, because it is aided by the carrier tracking loop, most of the dynamics can still be captured. The carrier tracking loop is set to the third-order DPLL with the four-quadrant arctangent discriminator and uses the proposed table-based adaptive algorithm. The DFL is intentionally disconnected in the carrier tracking loop to focus on the DPLL. The noise bandwidth variation, which uses the optimal bandwidth table during the simulation, is presented in Figure 10. As intended, the selected optimal bandwidth is  
Figure 9: Configured simulation scenario information. The C/N\({}_{0}\) has a range of 5.4–57 dB-Hz and the maximum jerk is 411 g/s. decreased for the first 300 s as C/N\({}_{0}\) decreases. From 300 s to 450 s, the noise bandwidth is set to 0.7 Hz, which is very narrow to suppress the noise effect. When the jerk dynamic stress exists after 500 s, the noise bandwidth is widened to 213.3 Hz to track the high dynamics of signal components.