# Flexible Phased Antenna Arrays: A Review
## 5 Performance Comparison
The field of FPAs has evolved to include high-performance, thermally stable, and reconfigurable antenna arrays with considerable mechanical flexibility. Emerging trends highlight the adoption of AM, microfluidic cooling systems for thermal management, advanced phase compensation techniques, and hybrid rigid-flex designs. The comparative analysis emphasizes the need to balance flexibility, electromagnetic performance, and environmental resilience to meet the requirement for real-world applications. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**NO**, & **Freq. ** & **Size** & **BW** & **Cain** & **Sterying** & **Incertain Loss** & **Resal Width** & **Breability** & **Freq Curve** & **Readling** & **Pel. ** & **Thermal Perl. ** \\ \hline
[30] & 1.26 & 2.4 & 0.08 & R1.717.33 & 0\({}^{-15}\) & – & – & – & Enable-sub. & – & Good & – & – \\ \hline
[34] & 14 & – & 4 & – & – & 0.90(-140) & – & Reach-sub. & – & Calling & – & \(\times\)10 \\ \hline
[35] & 14 & 2.7 & \(\pm\)0.7 & 7.75 & \(\pm\)12\({}^{\circ}\) & 4.57 & – & Reach-sub. & – & Minimal impact & – & Max150-C \\ \hline
[36] & 2.45 & 1.4 & \(\pm\)0.02 & 5.9(-140) & \(\pm\)30\({}^{-45}\) & 2-3 & Broad, Narrow & Reach-sub. & 30\({}^{-47}\)-sub. & Autonomous & – & – \\ \hline
[37] & 2.25 & 1.8 & 1003 MHz & 14.79.88 & \(\pm\)0.07 & – & \(\approx\)37\({}^{\circ}\) & Fine-sub & 13.2m & – & C7 & – \\ \hline
[38] & 5 & 4.4 & – & 14.6 & \(\pm\)34\({}^{\circ}\) & 8.37 & – & Flexible-sub & – & Dunneralded & – & – \\ \hline
[39] & 19 & 2.2 \(\pm\)26 & – & 16 & 8.50\({}^{\circ}\) & – & 15\({}^{-25}\) & Flexible-sub & – & Retain-per. & – & Stable \(\times\) 400-C \\ \hline
[36] & 10 & 1.4 & 1.3 & 12.4 & \(\pm\)30\({}^{\circ}\) & – & Vattos & Semi-Flex & 23.0m & – & – & – \\ \hline
[39] & 27.33 & 4.4 & 0.6 & 16.9 & – & Vattos & – & Fine-sub. & All-2.12m & Cohen-selection & BICP & – \\ \hline
[38] & 24.40 & – & Wide-band & Max-10.09 & \(\pm\)37\({}^{\circ}\) & – & Road & Has-sub. & 3.0m & Minimal-shift & Circular & Monodable-Coiling \\ \hline
[39] & 24.40 & – & Wide-band & Max-10.09 & \(\pm\)30\({}^{\circ}\) & – & Road & Has-sub. & 3.0m & Stable free 10.00 & Circular & Monodable-Coiling \\ \hline
[39] & 30 & 5.1-problems & 0.6 & 12.5 & \(\pm\)30\({}^{\circ}\) & 1.17 & – & Has-sub. & 3.0m & Minimal-NCS & LP(Dual) & Robust \\ \hline
[40] & Sob-6 & 2.2-z.amy & 0.47 & 7.7 & – & – & – & Has-sub. & 3.0m & – & C7 & – \\ \hline
[41] & 4.99 & 1.4 & – & – & \(\pm\)27\({}^{\circ}\),48\({}^{\circ}\) & – & – & Pres-sub & 6.5m & 24.0m & – & – \\ \hline
[42] & 47.95-40 & 1.4 & 0.25 & 4.5 & \(\pm\)20\({}^{\circ}\) & – & \(\lesssim\)5,1 HW & Res-sub. & 3.0m & Semi-25m & Stable & C7 & Moderate-Hoarding \\ \hline
[43] & 22.35 & 2.4 & 22.02 GHz & 13.481 & – & – & – & Pres-sub & – & Effective & – & Temp, stable \\ \hline
[44] & 2.18 & 6.6 & 15 GHz & – & – & – & – & Pres-sub & 23.0m & – & – & – \\ \hline
[45] & 10 & 30.20/orth/ortho. & \(\pm\)65.5/ortho. & \(\pm\)11\({}^{\circ}\) azimuth. & \(\pm\)10\({}^{\circ}\) & \(\pm\)30\({}^{\circ}\) & \(\pm\)17\({}^{\circ}\) & Has-sub. & 3.0m & Stable & LP(Dual) & Specamp-Coiling \\ \hline
[46] & 4.4-104 & 4.4-cls & 1.0 & \(\pm\)37.18/EP & \(\pm\)56\({}^{\circ}\)–