## 2 Materials and Methods
\({}^{13}\)C-NMR (100.61 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, _s_: 164.80, 147.35, 141.49, 139.67, 134.98, 132.77, 132.44, 131.25, 130.62, 130.49, 127.89, 126.90, 126.21, 124.12, 122.97, 52.40, 15.49. MALDI-TOF mass [M + H]\({}^{+}\) calc. 691.1971, exp. 691.1945. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-4-[(5-methyl)-tiofenyl]-phenyl-2,5-diphenyl-1,1\({}^{\prime}\)-bis-malonononity-fulvene (5 mT). ** To an ice-cooled solution of 3,4-Bis-4-[(5-methyl)-tiofenyl]-2,5-diphenylcyclopenta dienone **5T** (0.343 g, 0.595 mmol) and malononitrile **4n** (0.157 g, 2.38 mmol, 4 eq) in 20 mL of dichloromethane (dry) under argon atmosphere, TiCl\({}_{4}\) (5 eq, 2.975 mmol, 0.326 mL, 0.564 g) over 5 min and pyridine (24 eq, 1.129 g, 14.28 mmol, 1.16 mL) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm at room temperature and stirred overnight. A total of 50 mL of dichloromethane and 50 mL of HCl 0.1 M were added. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3 \(\times\) 100 mL) and dried with Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\). Column chromatography on silica gel and hexane/ethyl acetate 8:2 as the mobile phase afforded pure product as a light-brown solid (130 mg, 0.189 mmol, 54%). \({}^{1}\)H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, _s_: 7.49-7.43 (m, 4H), 7.30-7.18 (m, 14H), 7.05 (d, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 4H), 6.81 (d, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 4H), 3.08 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (100.61 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, & 164.72, 163.69, 150.32, 147.34, 138.58, 136.50, 136.47, 134.94, 132.99, 132.89, 131.58, 130.66, 130.52, 128.44, 128.35, 127.89, 126.95, 125.72, 115.68, 115.46, 52.44. MALDI-TOF mass [M + H]\({}^{+}\) calc. 687.2341, exp. 687.2338. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-4-[(4-fluoro)-phenyl]-phenyl-2,5-diphenyl-1,1\({}^{\prime}\)-bis-malonytil-fulvene (5 nF). ** To an ice-cooled solution of 3,4-Bis-4-[(4-fluoro)-phenyl]-2,5-diphenylcyclopentadiene **5F** (200 mg, 0.349 mmol) and malononitrile **4n** (92.41 mg, 1.396 mmol, 4 eq) in 20 mL of dichloromethane (dry) under argon atmosphere, HCl\({}_{4}\) (5 eq 1.745 mmol, 331 mg, 0.91 mL) over 5 min and pyridine (24 eq, 0.662 g, 8.37 mmol, 0.67 mL) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm at room temperature and stirred overnight. A total of 50 mL of dichloromethane and 50 mL of HCl 0.1 M were added. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3 \(\times\) 100 mL) and dried with Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\). Column chromatography on silica gel and hexane/ethyl acetate 8.51.5 s the mobile phase afforded pure product as a dark-green solid (79 mg, 36%). \({}^{1}\)H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, & 7.50-7.40 (m, 12H), 7.29 (d, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 4H), 7.07 (t, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 4H), 6.97 (d, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 4H), 13C-NMR (100.61 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, & 168.23, 163.92, 161.46, 150.41, 140.16, 136.06, 131.93, 131.83, 131.39, 131.17, 130.53, 129.21, 128.85, 128.54, 125.94, 115.83, 115.62, 111.36. MALDI-TOF mass [M + H]\({}^{+}\) calc. 621.2137, exp. 621.2113. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-4-[(1-phenotyazenyl)-phenyl-2,5-diphenyl-1,1\({}^{\prime}\)-bis-methylanolyl-fulvene (5 mP). ** A mixture of 5m (0.24489 g, 0.379 mmol), phenothiazize **4P** (151 mg, 0.758 mmol), catalyst palladium diacetate (6.8 mg, 0.030 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (17.5 mg, 0.0606 mmol), and sodium tert-butoxide (109.55 mg, 1.14 mmol) in toluene (30 mL) was stirred at 110 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 72 h. After the reaction cooled to room temperature, 50 mL dichloromethane was added into the reaction solution, which was then washed with 100 mL of brine followed by 100 mL of distilled water. The organic layer was collected, dried over Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\), and evaporated under reduced pressure. Column chromatography on silica gel and ethyl acetate/hexane 2:8 as eluent afforded the pure product (133.83 mg, 44%). \({}^{1}\)H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, & 7.30-7.20 (m, 10H), 7.03 (d, \(J\) = 3.4, 4H), 6.96 (t, \(J\) = 8.6 Hz, 8H), 6.78-6.68 (m, 8H), 6.08 (d, \(J\) = 7.6 Hz, 4H), 3.07 (s, 6H).