## 3 Results  
The entire benchmark execution achieved a runtime of approximately 0.5 s on an eight-core CPU. This process encompassed data retrieval from Primavera P6 EPPM and Synchro 4D to obtain the initial project plan and resource conflict information. The extracted data were then preprocessed to facilitate the generation of an RCPSP model that captured project requirements and constraints. Subsequently, a heuristic-based scheduling algorithm was employed to simulate and generate feasible project schedules. The quality and feasibility of the generated schedules were then assessed using user-defined key performance indicators (KPIs). Finally, the optimized schedule was exported in an XML format compatible with Primavera P6 EPPM project management software, enabling further analysis and decision-making within the familiar project management environment.  
The resource overallocation identified in the initial project plan, as shown in Figure 1a, could lead to various challenges during project execution, such as delays, conflicts, and inefficient resource utilization. By incorporating the Optimizio algorithm integrated with the resource availability verification module, the output schedule exported to Primavera P6 EPPM showed to more resource overallocation issues, demonstrating the effectiveness of the integrated scheduling optimization approach, as demonstrated in Figure 1b.  
The baseline project schedule demonstrated the occurrence of spatial conflict. This conflict is visualized in Figure 2 for a comprehensive understanding, showcasing two distinct perspectives: a 3D representation (a) and a top-down view (b). To address this incompatibility, the proposed approach offered useful insights into the scheduling simulation process. The tool generated KPIs that quantified resource occupancy, illustrating the time periods when resources were utilized throughout the simulated project schedule. Figure 2c revealed the overlapping usage of incompatible resources, Resource B and Resource C, in the initial plan. In contrast, the output from Optimizio, as illustrated in Figure 2d, showcased the successful elimination of overlapping occupancy for these two resources. Furthermore, the tool possesses the capability to generate a report of identified spatial conflicts during the simulation (Figure 2e). This report details the resources involved and time frames of the clashes as well as the total duration of the conflicts. These detailed KPIs serve as a valuable tool for project managers, enabling them to anticipate and address co-activity conflicts before they disrupt the project's execution.  
Figure 1: Resource allocation verification. Resource overallocation in the initial project plan, indicating potential issues during project execution (**a**). The schedule generated by Optimizio, demonstrating improved resource allocation for a more efficient and feasible execution plan (**b**).  
Figure 2: Analysis of co-activity conflicts. The initial project schedule reveals overlapping workspace requirements when visualized from multiple viewpoints, including a three-dimensional representation (**a**), a top-down perspective (**b**), and the aspect reflected by Optimizio’s KPI (**c**). (**d**) The updated schedule generated by Optimizio, highlighting conflict resolution. (**e**) List of identified spatial conflicts, including resources involved, start/end times, and total duration of the conflict.