# Challenges Associated with Implementing 5G in Manufacturing
## 6 Private 5G Networks  
For many of the world's businesses, private 5G will likely become the preferred choice, especially for industrial environments such as, manufacturing plants, logistics centres, and ports. A mobile private 5G network, as the name suggests, is a local area network that utilises 5G technology as its communication medium to build and create a 'private' network. Private 5G networks are in some circumstances referred to as local 5G networks or mobile private networks (MPN), and offer unified connectivity with various advantages and optimized services. A private network that is created for an organisation is expected to carry all the features of 5G public networks, including the reduced latency and higher speeds. Deploying a private network delivers several advantages in terms of efficiency and security this is why companies, regulators, organizations and other potential users are currently looking ahead to the arrival of private 5G networks to get the most out of this technology. Private 5G networks have the potential to become the future communication platform of the factory as they will be able to provide for the increase in bandwidth requirements coming from more connected equipment and the corresponding data being transmitted at the factory floor, as well as the millisecond latency required for real-time remote control of robotics. Since private 4G LTE networks are already commercial and in extensive use, deploying private 5G networks is obviously an expectation that will allow manufacturers to eliminate the tethered limitations of ethernet cables that litter their factory floors and connect the machines wirelessly to the cloud. The capacity of a network due to the number of IoT and wireless devices to be connected on a network will be considerably higher once a 5G network is deployed due to the increased bandwidth of 5G [44]. Due to the wide variations of IoT requirements, several overlapping topologies exist, from the sensor or actuator through local environments, to decentralized or core cloud capabilities, and reaching out to public, private or hybrid clouds [45]. A significant challenge for 5G in business terms is if the plant owners and operators are willing to pay for a licensed spectrum instead of using available unlicensed spectrum technology, which is effectively a potential cost-free improvement. To enable enterprise connectivity with ultra-reliable, high-speed, low-latency, power-efficient, high-density wireless connectivity a company essentially has two options:  
* Connect to a public 5G network. * Build and use a private 5G network. Deployments in industry have been mainly in the two formats mentioned above. These involve the deployment of a physically-isolated private 5G network (a 5G island) that is independent of the mobile operator's public 5G network. Audi, for example, has already started testing 5G for robotic motion control and Nokia is using 5G for in-factory private 5G connectivity. Another example of the private network deployment model is the e.GO car company in Aachen, Germany. In e.GO's factory, where the e.GO Life model is manufactured, an Ericsson private network with a 5G core and 5G new radio solution has been deployed to deliver secure and near real-time data networking across the production chain, from digital material management to autonomous vehicle control. The on-site private 5G network has helped establish an automated factory realizing and delivering connectivity for an array of connected devices such as machines, sensors, materials and robots can be managed through one standardized network, with the correct latency and bandwidth allocated as necessary. As 5G has developed it has been adopted by companies eager to test and potentially take first mover advantage. The second deployment scenario being adopted by companies is a more basic approach, to connect to a public 5G network, sharing the mobile operator's public 5G network with other users.