## 3 Dataset and Methodology
### Active Landforms Detection with DInSAR  
The identification of active landforms has been done by the visual interpretation of wrapped and unwrapped interferograms. The former makes it possible for researchers to identify the deformation phenomena; however, in some cases, the latter can help improve the interpretation of the movement. Figure 2 features some examples of the identification of different active landforms. The detection of the active landform patterns in the interferograms was performed in satellite geometry. Once the patterns were identified, they were geocoded in order to locate their position on the ground. Then, the discrimination between rock glaciers and other landforms was achieved using optical images acquired by the satellites SPOT 6 and 7, provided by the Argentinian National Commission of Spatial Activities (CONAE). This step was necessary because there were different processes and landforms present in the region (debris-covered glacier, protalus rampart, landslide, etc. ), with movement rates similar to those of the active rock glaciers. In particular, debris-covered glaciers sometimes show interferometric patterns that are very similar to those of rock glaciers (see Figure 2). To avoid misclassification, different morphological criteria were considered in the optical images (present or past glacier presence, U-shaped valley, presence of extensional cracks, abundance of thermokarst, surface roughness, and material organization) to identify debris-covered glaciers. An increase in the debris/ice ratio leads to the evolution of glaciers in debris-covered glaciers and finally in rock glaciers. This morphological change between a debris-covered glacier and rock glacier usually implies a change in the movement rate. The flow of debris-covered glaciers is very similar to glaciers, while rock glaciers have greater internal deformation (and very irregular surface morphology), leading to a more viscous flow and lower speeds. Occasionally, this is detectable in the interferograms, because the upper part (debris-covered glacier) could show decorrelation (due to the higher speed) and the lower part (rock glacier), a clear pattern of movement. In these cases, both the dynamic and geomorphological criteria have been used to establish the boundary between both units. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Master Image Date** & **Slave Image Date** & **Temporal Baseline [Days]** & **Perpendicular Baseline** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Ascending 1_} \\ \hline
4 April 2015 & 28 April 2015 & 24 & 14 \\
17 January 2016 & 10 February 2016 & 24 & \(-32\) \\
10 February 2016 & 5 March 2016 & 24 & \(-52\) \\
5 March 2016 & 29 March 2016 & 24 & 61 \\
29 April 2017 & 5 May 2017 & 6 & \(-51\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Ascending 2_} \\ \hline
12 December 2014 & 5 January 2015 & 24 & 37 \\
5 May 2015 & 22 June 2015 & 48 & 65 \\
31 December 2015 & 24 January 2016 & 24 & 14 \\
24 January 2016 & 17 February 2016 & 24 & 32 \\
17 February 2016 & 12 March 2016 & 24 & 26 \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Descending 1_} \\ \hline
15 January 2016 & 3 March 2016 & 48 & 46 \\
3 March 2016 & 27 March 2016 & 24 & \(-12\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Descending 2_} \\ \hline
8 June 2015 & 2 July 2015 & 24 & \(-57\) \\
15 February 2016 & 27 February 2016 & 12 & 16 \\
27 February 2016 & 22 March 2016 & 24 & \(-43\) \\
4 April 2017 & 16 April 2017 & 12 & \(-25\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Generated interferometric pairs. On the other hand, some protalus ramparts, considered as a small phenomenon of the permafrost creep [68], have also been recognized. In this case, the identification was done though geomorphological criteria, such as location with respect to the hillside, wide/long relation, and the development of furrows and ridges. The entire inventory of active rock glaciers was prepared in an open-source GIS environment QGIS [69]. The active rock glaciers detected in the interferograms were manually located with a point located in the central area of the area they cover.