## 4 Discussion  
This is the first study to investigate the effects of FB intervention on the flexibility of the thigh, knee proprioception, muscle force output, and dynamic balance. Our study indicated that participants had significantly improved flexibility of the quadriceps and hamstrings, with a large effect size, immediately following FB intervention, and the effects lasted for 20 min. In addition, participants demonstrated significantly improved quadriceps muscle force output and YBT results. However, knee joint reposition error was not impeded. The flexibility of the quadriceps and hamstrings was the primary outcome of our study. After wrapping the FB and undergoing 3 min of functional exercises, participants' flexibility was significantly improved. Notably, the effect lasted for at least 20 min after removing the FB. A possible mechanism for an increase in flexibility of quadriceps and hamstrings following a single session of flossing may increase stretch tolerance [5, 12] and the thixotropic effect [12]. The use of FB generates compressive pressure on the target muscle, skin, and fascia. This compressive pressure could affect fluid viscosity and lead to less resistance to movement [35]. Regarding the application to the shoulder joint, [PERSON] et al. demonstrated that after five 30-second child's pose stretches, the shoulder ROM of the FB-wrapped shoulder improved significantly [2]. By contrast, [PERSON] et al. indicated that the FB did not achieve a significant difference in shoulder ROM in male athletes; moreover, no improvement in the explosive performance of the upper limbs on the bench press was observed [36]. Regarding the application to the elbow joint, [PERSON]'s study demonstrated that using an FB on elite tennis players for 2 min did not significantly improve elbow ROM between the preintervention and postintervention assessments or compared with a bandless control group [37]. In contrast to our study, related studies on elite athletes have observed no significant difference in ROM [37, 38]. Maximum quadriceps force output significantly improved after the 3-min FB intervention. This improvement is supported by a study that indicated that the short-term increase in muscle force output occurred due to the improvement of muscle elasticity after tissue flossing [29]. This finding is also consistent with that of [PERSON], who indicated that the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) knee extensor exhibited increased significant improvement after FB intervention for 2 min on the thighs in healthy men [39]. Possible reasons for an increase in muscle force output following FB intervention could be (1) enhanced growth hormone response, increased sympathetic hormone levels, and improvement in the short latency stretch reflex after the release of the flossing band [7, 40, 41]; or (2) termed as post-activation potentiation (PAP) and could be provoked after sub maximum muscular contraction. The effect may be induced by the enhanced phosphorylation of myosin, increased calcium sensibility, and increased motor neuron excitability [42; 43]. However, the maximum strength of the hannstrings decreased significantly in our study. We postulated that the current result may be attributed to the participants being in a sitting position for the Biodex exercise rather than the desired prone position; if the isokinetic maximum muscle strength is measured in this position, the hamstring muscles may be placed in a relatively unfavorable position for contraction because the muscles are being compressed. As is consistent with [PERSON]'s findings, MVC knee flexors exhibited no significant change in recreationally trained adults [4]. Additionally, in [PERSON]'s and [PERSON] studies on professional rugby players, athletic performance (i.e., sprinting and jumping) after FB intervention increased slightly immediately after banding, but the increase was not significant, and its status returned to the preintervention level after 15 min [15; 38]. Therefore, further investigation of the magnitude of change of muscle force output is required.