## 2 Biosorbent-Based Extraction Phases
### Cork as a Biosorbent
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Biosorbent** & **Technique** & **Analyle** & **Matrix** & **LOQ** & **LOD** & **Linear Range** & **Recovery** & **Precision** & **(SSD)\%** & **Method** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Cork} & \multirow{4}{*}{SPME} & polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) & River water & 0.1 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.03 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.1–10 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 70-103 & 1.9–157 & GC-MS & [14] \\ \cline{3-10}  & & Organochlorure pesticides & River water & 1–10 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.3-3 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 1–50 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 60-112 & 0.5–255 & GC-CCD & [13] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & UV filters & River water & 0.01–01 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.004-0.03 ug & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & TAME & Emerging contaminants & River water & 0.8–15 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.3–55 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 5-400 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 72-125 & 4-18 & HPLC-DAD & [17] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & 16-29 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.5–45 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 1–600 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 1–600 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & Parabens, benzophenone and tridiocarban & Leftwater, & 1–55 mm & (15 mm) & (15 mm) & (15 mm) & 65-123 & 3-22 & HPLC-DAD & [18] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & wastewater & 0.64 \(\pm\) 5 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.2–25 ug \({}^{-1}\) & 0.64–40 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & (7.5 mm) & (7.5 mm) & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & (7.5 mm) & (7.5 mm) & (7.5 mm) & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Heanal and heptanal} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Human} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \\  & & urine & 2.19-3 umL\({}^{-1}\) & 0.73-1 umL\({}^{-1}\) & 2.19-8 umL\({}^{-1}\) & 88-111 & 3-7 & HPLC-DAD & [19] \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Bract} & \multirow{4}{*}{SPME} & Organochlorure pesticides & River and lake water & 0.65–238 ng L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.19–071 ng L\({}^{-1}\) & 5–100 ng L\({}^{-1}\) & 60-110 & 5-19 & GC-CCD & [20] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & lake water & 0.01–01 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.003-0.03 ug & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & TAME & Steroid estrogens & Human & 0.1–10 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.3–3 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.1–400 ng L\({}^{-1}\) & 71-105 & 1-17 & HPLC-FLD & [21] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & SPME & PAHs & River water & 0.1–05 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.03-0.16 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.1–25 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 83-100 & 2-15 & GC-MS & [23] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & TAME & Endocrine disrupors & River water & 3–23 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 1–8 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 5–285 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 70-117 & 1-21 & HPLC-DAD & [24] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & BAAE & Methyl and ethyl parabenz, benzophenone, tridiocarban & Lake water & 0.63–69 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.19-2 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.63–100 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 63-124 & 1-20 & HPLC-DAD & [25] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Bamboo charcoal} & \multirow{2}{*}{SPME} & \multirow{2}{*}{PHhhalate esters} & Tap and & & & 0.004-0023 ug & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & river water & & L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.1–100 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 61-87 & 1.89–985 & GC-MS & [24] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{MMT clay} & \multirow{2}{*}{RISE} & polychlorinated biphenyl & \multirow{2}{*}{Wastewater} & \multirow{2}{*}{6.5–103.8 ng L\({}^{-1}\)} & 3.9\(\pm\) 1 \({}^{-1}\) & 3.9\(\pm\) 1 \({}^{-1}\) & 63-10 & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Cork and MMT clay} & \multirow{2}{*}{RISE} & \multirow{2}{*}{Parabens} & River and & 0.89 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.24 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.8–75 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 80-118 & 1.15–1429 & & \\  & & & (work) & (work) & (work) & (work) & (work) & (work) & (work) & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & tap water & & 3 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 0.90 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 3–100 ug L\({}^{-1}\) & 80-119 & 3.24–1814 & & LC-MS/MS & [29] \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & (MMT clay) & (MMT clay) & (MMT clay) & (MMT clay) & (MMT clay) & (MMT clay) & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Applications and validation parameters of different microextraction techniques using biosorbents as the extraction phase for organic compound determination.