# Study of Force Changes Based on Orthotic Elements Under the First Ray
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline  & & & \multicolumn{3}{c}{R2} \\ \hline  & & **Fx** & **Fy** & **Fz** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{C} & G1 & 0 & 0.108 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & G2 & 0.507 & 0 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L2 & 0.219 & 0 & 0.169 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{D} & G1 & 0 & 0.090 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L1 & 0 & 0.081 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & G2 & 0.132 & 0 & 0.082 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L2 & 0.394 & 0.257 & 0.173 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{E} & G1 & 0.259 & 0.113 & 0.096 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L1 & 0.275 & 0.131 & 0.141 \\ \cline{2-5}  & G2 & 0 & 0.211 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L2 & 0.254 & 0.113 & 0 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{F} & G1 & 0 & 0.515 & 0 \\ \cline{2-5}  & L1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-5}  & G2 & 0.470 & 0.104 & 0 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-5}  & L2 & 0.392 & 0 & 0.172 \\ \hline \end{tabular} R2 values represent the proportion of variance in each ground reaction force component explained by the combined effect of the descriptive variables. Values are shown separately for each orthotic condition and for the mid-stance and propulsion phases. Abbreviations: WFO, without a foot orthosis; A, a foot orthosis without elements; B, metatarsal elevation plus hallux, C, Morton’s extension; D, proprioceptive stimulation, E, a cut-out; F, a kinetic wedge; Fx, medio-lateral force; Fy, antero-posterior force; Fz, vertical force; G1: greatest values of forces during mid-stance phase; L1: lowest values of forces during mid-stance phase; G2: greatest values of forces during propulsion phase; L2: least values of forces during propulsion phase.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**FORCE**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fx**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fy**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fz**} \\ \hline  & & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{WFC} & G1 & 3.9 & 6.2 & 6.1 & \(-\)32\(\cdot\)9.4 & 7.0 & 5 \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**FORCE**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fx**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fy**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fz**} \\ \hline  & & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** & **MEAN** & **SD** & **MED** & **IQR** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{E} & G1 & 3.4 & 6.5 & 5.4 & \(-\)3.9-8.7 & 9.2 & 5.3 & 10.1 & 4.9-13.0 & 91.5 & 27.3 & 99 & 84.4-106.3 \\ \cline{2-13}  & L1 & \(-\)0.03 & 5.9 & 0.7 & \(-\)6.2-4.2 & \(-\)4.4 & 1.9 & \(-\)4.1 & \(-\)5.8; \(-\)3.1 & 55.7 & 26.3 & 57.2 & 32.2-80.0 \\ \cline{2-13}  & G2 & 4.3 & 4.3 & 4.8 & \(-\)0.3-8.4 & 2.1 & 3.8 & 0.7 & \(-\)0.04-3.6 & 98.9 & 23.5 & 104.5 & 91.0-109.8 \\ \cline{2-13}  & L2 & \(-\)2.4 & 5.1 & \(-\)0.6 & \(-\)7.6-2.5 & \(-\)15.1 & 6.3 & \(-\)16.7 & \(-\)20.3-8.1 & 13.8 & 15.4 & 1.1 & 0.7-30.7 \\ \cline{2-13}  & G1 & 3.3 & 6.2 & 5.3 & \(-\)3.4-9.0 & 8.8 & 6.2 & 10.3 & 27.4-1.1 & 92.5 & 25.0 & 97.2 & 70.9-107.0 \\ \cline{2-13}  & L1 & \(-\)0.1 & 6.5 & \(-\)0.1 & \(-\)5.9-6.2 & \(-\)4.6 & 3.3 & \(-\)4.3 & \(-\)5.3 & \(-\)2.8 & 56.1 & 24.2 & 63.6 & 32.8-77.3 \\ \cline{2-13}  & G2 & 4.7 & 4.4 & 4.4 & 0.1-9.0 & 3.2 & 5.8 & 0.8 & \(-\)0.1-5.9 & 105.6 & 21.9 & 105.4 & 95.1-111.3 \\ \cline{2-13}  & L2 & \(-\)2.6 & 5.6 & \(-\)2.4 & \(-\)7.8-1.9 & \(-\)14.6 & 6.1 & \(-\)15.5 & \(-\)18.9; \(-\)8.7 & 16.9 & 17.2 & 10.6 & 0.8-33.2 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._On the other hand, the Wilcoxon test compared the force vectors between the no-insole condition (WFO-A) and each orthotic intervention. Table 5 presents the \(p\)-values obtained from these comparisons. For FY, only one statistically significant difference was found: the maximum antero-posterior force during mid-stance showed significance when comparing WFO-A with WFO-D (\(p\) = 0.0332). Regarding FZ, a statistically significant difference in the maximum vertical force during propulsion was found between WFO-A and WFO-C (\(p\) = 0.0492).