## 4 Empirical Results
### Analysis before Alliance  
Table 8 shows the changes in the efficiency of 20 IC packaging and testing companies from 2015 to 2019. The results of the efficiency before alliance are calculated by the Super-SBM model. The efficiency scores and rankings change to varying degrees each year. Comparing the results through the five-year average, we found the average score in 2017 to be the highest at 1.2887. The average for 2015 was the lowest at 1.2092.  
The results of future efficiency and ranking before strategic alliance are shown in Table 9. The results show that DMU11 ranked first and had the best efficiency score of  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**DMU**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**97.50\%**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Forecast 2019**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Actual 2019**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**2.50\%**} \\ \cline{3-3} \cline{5-6}  & & **Average** & **Rank** & **Average** & **Rank** & \\ \hline DMU1 & 1.1884 & 0.6423 & 14 & 0.76 & 12 & 0.499 \\ DMU2 & 1.1811 & 0.9603 & 7 & 1.4762 & 8 & 0.5485 \\ DMU3 & 1.192 & 0.8281 & 10 & 1.4438 & 10 & 0.5184 \\ DMU4 & 1.2634 & 0.408 & 20 & 0.4299 & 20 & 0.2746 \\ DMU5 & 1.1152 & 0.4751 & 18 & 0.5423 & 18 & 0.363 \\ DMU6 & 0.577 & 0.4346 & 19 & 0.4607 & 19 & 0.3484 \\ DMU7 & 0.7587 & 0.6386 & 15 & 0.6852 & 13 & 0.4789 \\ DMU8 & 0.9943 & 0.8928 & 9 & 1.4383 & 11 & 0.5101 \\ DMU9 & 0.572 & 0.5168 & 17 & 0.5694 & 16 & 0.4224 \\ DMU10 & 1.1579 & 1.0643 & 6 & 1.2201 & 5 & 0.6235 \\ DMU11 & 4.0707 & 2.3817 & 1 & 2.8892 & 2 & 1.4945 \\ DMU12 & 1.1029 & 0.8957 & 8 & 1.1224 & 6 & 0.6215 \\ DMU13 & 1.3712 & 1.1436 & 5 & 1.0747 & 4 & 0.8151 \\ DMU14 & 2.5575 & 1.569 & 2 & 1.3927 & 1 & 1.9958 \\ DMU15 & 1.3667 & 0.7365 & 12 & 0.75 & 17 & 0.4198 \\ DMU16 & 2.2369 & 1.4532 & 4 & 1.3927 & 3 & 1.168 \\ DMU17 & 1.7884 & 1.4572 & 3 & 1.839 & 9 & 0.5341 \\ DMU18 & 0.8622 & 0.5594 & 16 & 1.4692 & 15 & 0.4537 \\ DMU19 & 1.2115 & 0.7629 & 11 & 0.7323 & 14 & 0.4722 \\ DMU20 & 0.7499 & 0.6895 & 13 & 1.0695 & 7 & 0.5915 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 7: Forecast DEA scores, actual (2019), and confidence interval by [PERSON] weighted model.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**DMU** & **2015** & **2016** & **2017** & **2018** & **2019** \\ \hline DMU1 & 0.8445 & 0.883 & 0.9125 & 0.783 & 0.76 \\ DMU2 & 1.1989 & 1.3894 & 1.0786 & 1.5127 & 1.4762 \\ DMU3 & 1.2413 & 1.2533 & 1.2058 & 1.1736 & 1.4438 \\ DMU4 & 0.371 & 0.4708 & 0.5571 & 0.5298 & 0.4299 \\ DMU5 & 0.5493 & 0.6153 & 0.7292 & 0.6148 & 0.5423 \\ DMU6 & 1.6521 & 0.4639 & 2.9001 & 0.6971 & 0.4607 \\ DMU7 & 0.723 & 1.0554 & 1.0761 & 0.6302 & 0.6852 \\ DMU8 & 0.7983 & 0.7973 & 1.3219 & 0.8574 & 1.4383 \\ DMU9 & 0.7217 & 0.6264 & 0.5524 & 0.5924 & 0.5694 \\ DMU10 & 1.3158 & 1.2006 & 1.0945 & 1.1961 & 1.2201 \\ DMU11 & 2.5322 & 2.7663 & 2.5189 & 2.5861 & 2.8892 \\ DMU12 & 1.1827 & 1.1246 & 1.0876 & 1.0459 & 1.1224 \\ DMU13 & 1.1437 & 1.2334 & 1.1999 & 1.2349 & 1.0747 \\ DMU14 & 3.6229 & 2.8724 & 3.2927 & 2.9655 & 1.3927 \\ DMU15 & 0.8352 & 0.8748 & 1.4045 & 0.6875 & 0.75 \\ DMU16 & 1.6204 & 1.5287 & 1.424 & 2.3044 & 1.3927 \\ DMU17 & 1.3045 & 1.4949 & 1.1628 & 1.7085 & 1.839 \\ DMU18 & 0.8022 & 0.6598 & 0.7085 & 0.7123 & 1.4692 \\ DMU19 & 1.0595 & 0.7251 & 0.7781 & 0.8735 & 0.7323 \\ DMU20 & 0.6654 & 0.7164 & 0.7699 & 1.0242 & 1.0695 \\ \hline \hline
**AVG** & **1.2092** & **1.1376** & **1.2887** & **1.1865** & **1.1379** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: Efficiency and ranking before strategic alliance.  
2.2826. This was followed by DMU14 and DMU17, ranking second and the third, respectively. However, the target DMU1 ranked 15 th. This ranking once again proved the target company needs to conduct strategic alliance to improve performance.