# State-of-the-Art and Opportunities for Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenes from Native Mexican Plants
## 2 Pentacyclic Triterpenes from Mexican Plants
### Biological Activity Survey of PCTs Found in Mexican Plants
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Plant Species** & **Identified Compounds** & **Subgroup** & **Activities** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Sehestania adenovirus_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupenone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupane} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_Levergencion esculentum:_ –21\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_Echinrola cus-galli:_ –36\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_Amananthus hypochondraicus:_ +55\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Sehestania adenovirus_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupenone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupane} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_L esculentum:_ –28\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_E. crus-galli:_ –28\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +39\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Sehestania adenovirus_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupenone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupane} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_L esculentum:_ –32\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_E. crus-galli:_ –9\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +47\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Shestania adenovirus_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupenone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Lupane} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_E. crus-galli:_ –5\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +27\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Calbinmia glauca_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taraxerone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taraxerone} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_E. crus-galli:_ –77\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +39\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Calbinmia glauca_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taraxerone} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taraxerone} & Approximate effect on root growth at 250 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)/mL \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_E. crus-galli:_ –44\% \\  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +23\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Calbinmia glauca_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Glaubimidin B} & \multirow{2}{*}{Nor-sec} & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Calbinmia glauca_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Glaphimidin} & \multirow{2}{*}{Tar-sec} & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +23\% \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +23\% \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_Calbinmia glauca_} & \multirow{2}{*}{Glaubimidin B} & \multirow{2}{*}{Nor-sec} & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & Anxiolytic effect on mice at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +39\% \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2} \cline{4-4}  & & & \(\bullet\)_A. hypochondraicus:_ +23\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._Figure 4: _Cont._  
Figure 4: _Cont_. Another contribution to this field was performed by [PERSON] and collaborators [30]. They isolated 21\(\beta\)-hydroxyolean-12-en-3-one **(4)**, 21\(\alpha\)-hydroxy-3-oxofriedelane **(5)**, prism-timeire **(6)**, and tingenone **(7)** from the root bark of _Hipporcratea excelsa_. The activity against _Giardia intestinalis_ was tested at a concentration for each compound in the range from 1.6 to 13.3 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro mL}\) with an inoculum of 5 \(\times\) 104 trophozoites/mL, using metronidazoleae as the positive control. The results showed that compound **(6)** had the greatest activity (IC\({}_{50}\) 0.11 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)), followed by **(7)** (IC\({}_{50}\) 0.74 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)), **(5)** (IC\({}_{50}\)19.8 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)), and lastly, **(4)** (IC\({}_{50}\) 27.4 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro m}\)).