# Acceleration Techniques for Teeth Movements in Extractive Orthodontic Therapy
## 4 Discussion
### PRP and PRF  
Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) injections can accelerate OTM. The branchial vein collects 20 mL of blood, which is then centrifuged once at 700\(\times\)\(g\) rpm for 3 min to obtain the L-PRF. To obtain PRF, which will subsequently be injected into the buccal and palate mucosa to quicken orthodontic movement, the yellow-orange section of the animal was employed [81]. [PERSON] et al. (2022) evaluated the effect of L-PRF on the rate of canine maxillary retraction [60]. A careful analysis of the study models observed some correlation but is not statistically significant between canine retraction and the concentration of cytokines such as IL-1\(\upbeta\) and TNF-\(\upalpha\).  
Acceleration mainly occurred in the first four weeks; after that, retraction between the experimental and C sides was equal [60]. [PERSON] et al. (2021) performed a similar split-mouth experimental study to evaluate the effect of PRF on accelerating OTM during orthodontic treatment [64]. PRF was injected into the mucosa before canine retraction, and the procedure was repeated one month later. Results show a statistically significant acceleration occurred on the experimental side compared to the C Side [64].  
On the other hand, [PERSON] et al. (2022) compared the efficacy of PRF injection and PRP during orthodontic canine retraction [53]. A significantly faster rate of canine retraction was obtained with PRP infiltration in the first month. It was shown that PRP infiltration was more impactful with accelerated canine movement than PRF infiltration [53]. [PERSON] et al. (2022) evaluated the effects of PRP on the acceleration of maxillary canine retraction [27,82]. The evaluation was performed by measuring the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor \(\upkappa\)b (sRANKL) and the osteoprotegerin (OPG) ligand in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). After alignment, the premolar was extracted and then freshly prepared PRP was injected. The motion was assessed using digital model superposition at T0, T1 (30 days), and T3 (60 days). Movement occurred 35% more on the PRP than on the C Side, altering the OPG and sRANKL levels in GCF [27,83].  
Therefore, the injection of PRF or PRP before a canine retraction in the post-extraction space may occur faster in the first few weeks. The prolonged PRF injections may be needed to achieve accelerated OTM, but this deserves more research.  
Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) injections show potential in hastening OTM initiation, with studies reporting accelerated movement [64,81,84]. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) demonstrates initial superiority in canine retraction speed compared to PRF. Both interventions hold promise for modulating biomarkers associated with enhanced movement. Challenges encompass outcome variability, required treatment duration, and biomarkercorrelations. While early OTM acceleration with PRP and PRF is encouraging, a thorough evaluation considering patient preferences, long-term effects, and cost-effectiveness remains crucial. Ongoing research is vital for refining protocols and establishing sustained orthodontic benefits.