# A Needs-Based Augmented Reality System
## 3 Theoretical Framework
### Personalization in Augmented Reality  
In many cases, AR is used to enhance the user experience in museums and tourism [24; 25], education [26; 27], entertainment, and medicine by adding digital information to the real environment. These approaches usually focus on the experience and the object requiring enhancement. Another way to conceive experiences is to concentrate on the user/users viewing them. This is the concept of personalization, defined as \"a process that changes the functionality, interface, information access, and content, or distinctiveness of a system to increase its relevance to an individual or a category of individuals\" [28]. The core elements of personalization definitions are: \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Platform** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Publish Application** \\ **or Web-Based** \\ \end{tabular} & **SDK** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Types of** \\ **Eperiences** \\ \end{tabular} & **Experience Trigger, AR-type** \\ \hline AWE Media Studio & & & & \\ [[https://awe.media/](https://awe.media/)]([https://awe.media/](https://awe.media/)) & Web & No & \begin{tabular}{c} Image, spatial, face tracking, \\ GPS location, 360\({}^{\circ}\) \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Weblink, \\ Non-specific digital \\ augmentation \\ \end{tabular} \\ \begin{tabular}{c} Zap Works \\ \end{tabular} & Either & Yes & Image, face tracking, 360\({}^{\circ}\) & Marker-based (special marker) \\ \
\begin{tabular}{c} (accessed on 18 August 2021). \\ \end{tabular} & & & & \\ BlippAR Builder & & & & & \\ [[https://www.blipparcon/build-ar](https://www.blipparcon/build-ar)]([https://www.blipparcon/build-ar](https://www.blipparcon/build-ar)) & Either & Yes & Image & Marker-based (image scan) \\
\begin{tabular}{c} (accessed on 18 August 2021). \\ \end{tabular} & & & & & \\ Spark AR Studio & & & & & \\ [[https://sparkar.facebook.com/ar-studio/](https://sparkar.facebook.com/ar-studio/)]([https://sparkar.facebook.com/ar-studio/](https://sparkar.facebook.com/ar-studio/)) & & & & & \\ (accessed on 18 August 2021). & & & & & \\ Wikitude AR & & & & & \\ [[https://www.wikitude.com/](https://www.wikitude.com/)]([https://www.wikitude.com/](https://www.wikitude.com/)) & & & & & \\ (accessed on 18 August 2021). & & & & & \\ Unity MARS & & & & & \\ [[https://unity.com/products/unity-mars](https://unity.com/products/unity-mars)]([https://unity.com/products/unity-mars](https://unity.com/products/unity-mars)) & & & & & \\ (accessed on 18 August 2021). & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Comparison of AR platforms with types and triggers. * \"a purpose or goal of personalization\". * \"What is personalized\". Four aspects of information systems may be personalized: the information (content), the presentation of information (user interface), the delivery method (channel), and the action. * \"The target of personalization\". The target can be a group of individuals or a specific individual. Personalization enables users to acquire information specific to their \"needs, goals, knowledge, interests or other characteristics\" [29]. Studying the types of AR experiences in literature, three primary levels of personalization are evident. The first level is generic experiences in which no personalization is implemented. The AR experience displays the same information to all viewers at any time, such as in museum displays. The second personalization level includes experiences receptive to external factors such as location and context [30,31]. The third level displays information about a specific user. An example of this is SentiAR ([[https://sentiar.com/](https://sentiar.com/)]([https://sentiar.com/](https://sentiar.com/))) (accessed on 18 August 2021) an AR experience about a patient in a surgery room or an AccuVein ([[https://www.accuvein.com/](https://www.accuvein.com/)]([https://www.accuvein.com/](https://www.accuvein.com/))) (accessed on 18 August 2021) device enabling the view of a patient vein in blood sampling.