## 5 Application
### Result and Discussion  
The geochemical background values of Cr of the 22 rock samples from the Pados-Tundra complex were calculated using Equation (3) and are illustrated in Figure 4 with their analytical values.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Name** & **Cr (\(\mu\)g/g)** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Cr\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\)** \\ **(wt\%)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **lg(Cr, \(\mu\)g/g)** \\ **Calculated** \\ \end{tabular} & \(\pm\)**AlgCr** & **Type** \\ \hline PDS-1 & 5623 & 0.79 & 3.54 & 0.21 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-3 & 5717 & 0.8 & 3.48 & 0.27 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-11 & 5643 & 0.79 & 3.60 & 0.15 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-27 & 5752 & 0.8 & 3.49 & 0.27 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-30 & 4346 & 0.61 & 3.58 & 0.06 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-41 & 6242 & 0.88 & 3.64 & 0.16 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-50 & 6078 & 0.88 & 3.61 & 0.17 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-54 & 6224 & 0.93 & 3.59 & 0.20 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-64 & 5039 & 0.74 & 3.60 & 0.10 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-77 & 6217 & 0.95 & 3.64 & 0.15 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-80 & 6373 & 0.96 & 3.61 & 0.19 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-82 & 5412 & 0.83 & 3.59 & 0.14 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-88 & 7535 & 1.16 & 3.71 & 0.17 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-90 & 8976 & 1.3 & 3.71 & 0.24 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-93 & 9012 & 1.36 & 3.69 & 0.27 & Slightly altered \\ PDS-212 & 19,774 & 2.89 & 3.70 & 0.60 & Altered \\ PDS-215 & 98,389 & 14.38 & 1.90 & 3.10 & Mineralized \\ PDS-400 & 15,196 & 2.41 & 3.70 & 0.48 & Altered \\ PDS-406 & 55,284 & 8.08 & 1.24 & 3.50 & Mineralized \\ PDS-409 & 11,5768 & 16.92 & 1.52 & 3.55 & Mineralized \\ PDS-423 & 12,8768 & 18.82 & 1.60 & 3.51 & Mineralized \\ PDS-432 & 18,2820 & 26.72 & 1.63 & 3.63 & Mineralized \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: PDS-1–PDS-93 were at the orthopyroxonite zone and PDS-212–PDS-432 at the dunite zone.  
\end{table}
Table 4: Rock samples from the orthopyroxonite zone and the dunite zone of the Pados-Tundra complex.  
Figure 4: Relationship between geochemical background values and analytical values of Cr of the 22 rock samples from the Pados-Tundra complex. The 45\({}^{\circ}\) diagonal line with lines deviating by \(\pm\)0.2 indicates the geochemical background value with its error range.  
Fifteen samples from the orthopyroxenite zone (PDS-1 to PDS-93) were slightly altered (Table 4), and their geochemical background values were close to their analytical values based on the criterion of \(\pm\)0.2 logarithmic deviation (Figure 4), although five samples fell outside of the error range with logarithmic residuals between 0.21 and 0.27. If the suggested criterion of \(\pm\)0.2 logarithmic deviation was adopted here, 10 samples would be normal and the other 5 anomalies. The five anomalous samples were also close to the normal samples due to minor residuals. This judgment is supported by [PERSON]'s [47] assertion that slightly altered rocks can retain compositions similar to their original state.  
Seven samples from the dunite zone were divided into two categories as altered (PDS-212 and PDS-400) and mineralized (PDS-215, 406-432) samples (Table 4). For the two altered samples, their analytical values of Cr were clearly higher than their geochemical background values. With respect to the five mineralized samples, their analytical values were significantly higher than their geochemical background values (Figure 4). If the suggested criterion of \(\pm\)0.2 logarithmic deviation was adopted here, the seven samples would all be considered anomalies, which is consistent their geological facts.  
Based on the results of the application cases, the \(\pm\)0.2 logarithmic deviation between calculated and analyzed values can be viewed as an appropriate criterion for discriminating background or anomaly samples.