## 3 Results
### Characteristics of Included Studies  
Table 1 presents the main characteristics of the 11 studies included in this review. One important finding is that most of the studies (10) were conducted in Saudi Arabia, and the other in the United Arab Emirates (1). More than half of the studies (6) were published after 2018. Four of the papers are conference proceedings, while five are journal articles. The other two papers are dissertations. Most papers (7) utilized a quantitative research approach. Only one paper used a qualitative research approach, and three used mixed-method strategies. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Included Papers Are**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Excluded Papers Are**} \\ \hline Primary/empirical studies & \\ Peer-reviewed & \\ Published in English or Arabic & Gray literature \\ Published from 2016 onwards & Conducted outside the 22 Arab League countries \\ Targeting and engaging older persons in the research & Not available in full-text format (e.g., abstracts, posters) \\ Studies conducted in Arab League countries & \\ Focusing on technologies accessed and used by older persons & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Inclusion and exclusion criteria. Figure 2: Overview of factors affecting technology use identified in the review. Table 2 presents the demographics of the participants of the 11 studies included in this review. Eight out of the 11 included studies reported their participants' number and gender distribution. Both female and male older persons took part in the included studies. The percentage of male participants in the included studies outweighed the female participants in six out of the 11 papers [3; 6; 9; 32; 33; 34]. The average age group of the older persons was from 60 to 80+ years old [2; 3; 3; 32; 33; 34]. Only one study reported on older persons under 60 [9]. The living setting was classified in this review into participants who are: (1) living alone, (2) living with family, (3) living with extended family, (4) living with friends, (5) living in a residential home, and (6) living in a long-term health facility. In the included studies, four out of 11 papers reported that participants over the age of 55-80+ lived with their family members, particularly in Saudi and Arab households [2; 9; 32; 33]. Three studies reported that the older persons' living context was with their extended family [9; 32; 33]. Moreover, our analysis identified several methodological concerns in the reviewed papers, mainly the non-mention of any ethical approval prior to the research and details related to the data collection and analysis such as the number of the participants and their characteristics (see Table 3). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**[Reference N]** & **Country** & **Type of Publication** & **Research Approach** \\ \hline
[7] & United Arab Emirates & Conference proceeding & Quantitative \\ \hline
[4] & Saudi Arabia & Conference proceeding & Quantitative \\ \hline
[6] & Saudi Arabia & Thesis & Quantitative \\ \hline
[32] & Saudi Arabia & Journal article & Quantitative \\ \hline
[33] & Saudi Arabia & Journal article & Mixed \\ \hline
[8] & Saudi Arabia & Journal article & Quantitative \\ \hline
[34] & Saudi Arabia & Journal article & Quantitative \\ \hline
[3] & Saudi Arabia & Conference proceeding & Mixed \\ \hline
[5] & Saudi Arabia & Journal article & Quantitative \\ \hline
[2] & Saudi Arabia & Dissertation & Mixed \\ \hline
[9] & Saudi Arabia & Conference proceeding & Qualitative \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Characteristics of included studies.