## 3 Results and Discussion
### Assessment of Energy Generation Potential  
Within the Czech and even the European market, there exist a number of agricultural-industrial and processing plants that can provide a somewhat substantial amount of waste materials. These producers have a relatively difficult time disposing of this material considering its quick spoilage, increased treatment costs, composting or transport. Our findings are consistent with other work [43; 53] suggesting that there is a potential for energy generation from a range of materials, although the use of some will entail significant costs for the construction or modification of combustion and preparation facilities. For example, as reported by [PERSON] et al. [53], the total heat energetic potential from fruit waste in Poland can be considered negligible (0.15% of total Poland energy consumption in 2016). However, there are many others reasons why its use should be interesting. The advantage of the waste combustion is its relatively stable production, both over the years and seasonally. Many plants are oriented towards processing commodities with similar characteristics and are designed to process them throughout the year. The use of waste can provide diversification and locally independent sources of energy and, with the use of modern technologies, will also be environmentally friendly [6]. The bulk density of the different studied materials (Table 2) is quite variable. However, it may not play a significant role for the on-site energy generation utilization. On the other hand, when these materials need to be transported to another place for utilization, the lower calorific value of those materials (pomace, almond seed coat, or pistachio shells) may already reduce their economic efficiency. Another factor to be considered is the required drying of wetter materials (pomaces and almond seed coat), which could be done with the waste heat produced at the processing plant, but is technology- and space-intensive [62]. The most advantageous for energy generation from the samples in our study would appear to be grape vine seed cake. While there is fairly similar calorific value for all the dry materials assessed, the cake stands out by two features; first, it is already very dry and, thus, additional energy used for drying is minimized, and second, it has significantly higher mass density, which reduces the volume of the material to be transported and handled. The presented results are in line with the new requirements of the market, business and the governmental policies in the Czech Republic and the EU. The results of our analyses and the findings of similar studies allow us to recommend most of the studied materials be utilized for energy generation. Based on our knowledge of the market, legislative constraints, subsidies, preferences of residents and businesses and the properties of the materials, we expect to use them directly in the processing plants at the local level. We even lean towards the recommendation of the studies that suggest to co-fire these materials with conventional biofuels [63; 64; 65; 66]. Of course, the energy obtained from burning such biomass will be lower than from conventional biofuels. The waste biomass that we have tested normally reaches a calorific value (HHV) of 17 to 21 MJ\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\), compared to biofuels such as, e.g., wood pellets reaching 15 to 18 MJ\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\), coniferous dried wood 16 MJ\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\), or possibly black coal of 27 to 31 MJ\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\). However, the efficiency comes through cost savings after taking into account the reduced costs of waste treatment and disposal, the potential to use cheaper energy (in the case of CHP, combined heat and power) to provide energy at times of high tariffs and the certain self-sufficiency of the processing plant. Local thermal energy generation needs to be addressed in a feasible solution directly in the processing plant. To this end, lower energy efficiency can also be offset by subsidies or, conversely, higher fees for biowaste disposal.