## 2 Material and Methods
### Instruments Monitoring System  
The influence of geologically weak zones through multilayer site conditions has dramatically changed the designing parameters when the majority of these parameters change by depth. In other words, new global strain extensometer (GSE) sensors have recently measured the change of design parameters through the depth, so the pile top settlement has been monitored using: (1) four linear variation displacement transducers (LVDTs) mounted on the reference beams with their plungers vertically placed against glass plates fixed on the pile top, and (2) vertical scale rules attached to the pile top and sighted by a precise level instrument. Vertical scales have also been shown on the reference beams to check any movement in the loading test. Indeed, VWLC, global strain extensometer (GSE) sensors, VWSG, and LVDTs have been automatically logged across the use of Micro-10x data logger and Multi logger at 5-minute spaces for precise controlling during loading/unloading stages, adding that only accurate level readings have been taken manually. Figure 4 shows the cross section of BP# 1 (D = 1,800 mm) and BP# 2 (D = 1,000 mm) and the sensors' placement along the main steel rods. Figure 4: Cross-section of BP# 1 (D = 1,800 mm) and BP# 2 (D = 1,000 mm). Figure 3: Variation of the total applied static stress on pile versus time, (**a**) Bored pill (BP)# 1 and (**b**) BP# 2. Accordingly, the bored-pile has been tested using MLT through the reaction pile. All instruments using Micro-10 data logger and multilevel software have been automatically logged. The conventional instrumented method used VWSG and mechanical tell-tales. While by being attached to the steel cage of bored-pile, VWSG and mechanical tell-tales have permanently been embedded in the concrete. GSE is the second instrument applied in axial load measurement and settlement distribution in the bored-pile. On static load testing, loaded pile deformation has produced a related moving between every two anchored intervals changed in strain gauge wire tension, in addition to a corresponding change in its resonant vibration-frequency measured by plucking GSE sensors/transducers through a signal cable to readout box/data logger to measure the frequency and display of the shortening and strain reading. Considering the installation set up, GSE has measured shortening and strains on all test pile sections in every load step of a static pile load test, so it has integrated the strains on a larger and more representative sample. Therefore, using a defined instrumental scheme, data derived from instrumented load testing have provided reliable information. The results of GSE have been compared to the conventional instrumentation bored pile results. Subsequently, regarding the test piles, including BP# 2, the Geokon VWSG and tell-tale extensometers have been installed internally to monitor the strain developing and shortening of pile behavior on the test. BP# 1, with the instrumentation of GSE, has been placed with seven levels depending on the pile length and vertical varieties of sub-soil cases in sonic logging tubes (Figure 5). Due to calibration of the applied axial load and the measured average strain, a calibrated GSE sensor has been installed near the pile's head, in which there is no interaction between the soil friction and pile shaft. The GSE sensor measured the strain of other levels to determine the axial load transferring in all pile shaft sections, also to measure the loads contributed from the toe or/to end bearing resistance. VW Extensometer is installed on the anchored interval at eight levels (Figure 6). Pile deformation in loading has produced a related motion between every two anchored intervals producing strain gauge wire tension alteration in VW transducers, in addition to a correspondent variation in its frequent resonant vibration measured by plucking GSE sensors to the readout box/data logger. Therefore, the process measured the frequency displayed by the shortening reading and strain reading.