# Personalizing Environmental Awareness through Smartphones Using AHP and PROMETHE II
## 5 Evaluation
### Data Analysis and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Environmental Awareness Survey: Reducing Waste and Recycling**} \\ \hline
**Pre-Score** & **5** & **4** & **3** & **2** & **1** & **Mean** & **Awareness** \\
**Post-Score** & **N (\%)** & **N (\%)** & **N (\%)** & **N (\%)** & **N (\%)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** \\ \hline
1. I prefer to use reusable shopping & 17 (14.17) & 16 (13.33) & 23 (19.17) & 31 (25.83) & 33 (27.50) & 2.61 & 52.17 \\ bags rather than plastic ones. & 52 (43.33) & 36 (30.00) & 17 (14.17) & 10 (8.33) & 5 (4.17) & 4.00 & 80.00 \\ \hline
2. I use recycling bins for paper, & 18 (15.00) & 19 (15.83) & 28 (23.33) & 41 (34.17) & 14 (11.67) & 2.88 & 57.67 \\ plastic, and metal. & 57 (47.50) & 31 (25.83) & 19 (15.83) & 10 (8.33) & 3 (2.50) & 4.08 & 81.50 \\ \hline
3. I use rechargeable batteries & 5 (4.17) & 13 (10.83) & 17 (14.17) & 33 (27.50) & 52 (43.33) & 2.05 & 41.00 \\ instead of disposable batteries. & 16 (13.33) & 30 (25.00) & 33 (27.50) & 17 (14.17) & 24 (20.00) & 2.98 & 59.50 \\ \hline
4. I look for the recycled option in the products I buy. & 4 (3.33) & 14 (11.67) & 20 (16.67) & 27 (22.50) & 55 (45.83) & 2.04 & 40.83 \\ the products I buy. & 34 (28.33) & 35 (29.17) & 29 (24.17) & 17 (14.17) & 5 (4.17) & 3.63 & 72.67 \\ \hline
5. I throw the garbage into dustbins & 32 (26.67) & 38 (31.67) & 25 (20.83) & 25 (20.83) & 0 (0.00) & 3.64 & 72.83 \\ before leaving a place. & 71 (59.17) & 37 (30.83) & 12 (10.00) & 0 (0.00) & 0 (0.00) & 4.49 & 89.83 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{_Pre-test Mean_} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{_52.9_} \\ _5: Every Time_ & & & _Post-test Mean_ & & & _76.7_ \\ _4: Often_ & & & Difference & & & \(-23.8\) \\ _3: Sometimes_ & & & Standard Deviation & & & & \\ _2: Rarely_ & & & Confidence Level (95\%) & & & & \\ _1: Never_ & & & & & & \\ _N: Number of Students_ & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Frequency distribution of the answers and pre-test/post-test results related to reducing waste and recycling. Concerning the environmental awareness survey on reducing waste and recycling (Table 7), participants' behavior indicates that after the use of the application the majority stopped using plastic shopping bags, preferring the reusable ones (\"every time\": from 14.17% to 43.33%, \"often\": from 13.33% to 30.00%). Moreover, a change was made in the habit of recycling paper, plastic, and metal using corresponding bins. Before the application the students sometimes (23.33%) or rarely (34.17%) did so, and after the application these percentages were reduced to 15.83% and 8.33%, respectively, while a significant improvement was observed in the frequency of this habit, namely \"every time\": 47.50% and \"often\": 25.83%. At lower rates, there was a trend in use of rechargeable batteries every time (from 4.17% to 13.33%) or often (from 10.83% to 25.00%). This low increase may be due to the need to procure a suitable adapter; however, the percentages of the participants who never or rarely use rechargeable batteries were reduced by half (\"never\": from 43.33% to 20.00%, \"rarely\": from 27.50% to 14.17%). Moreover, it should be noted that participants' market behavior was changed, since after using the application they looked every time (28.33%) or often (29.17%) for a recycled option for the products they bought, in comparison to their behavior before the application, when almost the majority of them never did so (before: 45.83%, after: 4.17%). The application also seems to have improved the participants' habits around picking up their garbage when leaving a place, as the percentage of the option \"every time\" was doubled (from 26.67% to 59.17%).