## 5 Connected Vehicles
### Prospects
#### 5.4.1 Empowering Technology Development  
The popularization of CVs depends on a secure and reliable network environment, which is mainly reflected in the stringent requests for network speed and security. Regarding network security, a reliable Telematics environment is necessary, as vehicles are involved in the human safety of traffic participants. As soon as a vehicle accesses the Internet, it opens up new attack chances for offenders. Its security risks are mainly centered on five areas: CV, V2X communication, information security, smart devices, and service providers, the first three of which are primarily concerned with vehicle-side security [113]. CV cyber security involves the Telematics Box, the Controller Area Network bus, the Electronic Control Unit, in-vehicle operating system, onboard diagnostic, and In-Vehicle Infotainment system [114]. The networked vehicle may be attacked via wireless firmware upgrades, unlawful data infusion, appliance accessibility, etc. [115]. Therefore, a qualified CV should include safe bootloaders, secure network communications, partitions or firewalls between vehicles-side and cloud-side, software security updates, security defense, abnormality monitoring, intrusion prevention, data cryptography, and backup after updates fail. V2X communication network security involves various communication methods such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks, satellite communication, LTE V2X, and Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC). The diversity and variability of network communications make it extremely difficult to detect and defend against network attacks. Therefore, a V2X system should have a range of functions such as encryption and decryption, signature production and certification, authentication, and data privacy checking [116]. Data security is of great importance, as illegal tampering with traffic management data and vehicle operation data will directly threaten the lives of drivers and other traffic participants [117]. Therefore, vehicle manufacturers should set up stringent data standards, focus on enhancing the privacy management level of data, and tightly control the disclosure of sensitive data. Since traffic behavior has high real-time requests, except for the possibility of data privacy leakage and hacking, the communication speed of Telematics is another technical barrier to CV development. The ultimate solution for CVs will be 5G, due to its extremely low latency, higher band frequencies, more connection capacity, and higher security [103]. The 5G network has a throughput of up to 10 GB per second and a latency rate about ten times lower than traditional LET networks [118]. Many countries' research departments are currently focusing on 5G upgrades to their networks, with Mainland China leading the way to launch 5G commercial services in October 2019. Statistics forecast that 67 million vehicles will be available for 5G services by 2025. Based on 5G networks and more reliable security strategies, CVs will witness a surge phase of development and create unprecedented opportunities for participants in transportation matters* Vehicle information online management systems, assisted by annual inspection and monitoring, can identify the operational status of vehicles remotely, including vehicle and driver license validity, vehicle violation records, and illegal modification status, which can significantly cut vehicle maintenance costs and improve traffic safety;
* Vehicles can be registered with an online ID in the form of a quasi-real name, significantly reducing fake registration, smuggling and illegal modifications, and other illegal operations.