## Abbreviations  
AI: Artificial general Intelligence  
AI4 DIAS: Artificial Intelligence for Data and Information Access Services (at the ground segment)  
AI4 Space: Artificial Intelligence for Space (segment)  
ARD: Analysis Ready Data (format)  
ATCOR: Atmospheric/Topographic Correction commercial software product  
AVHRR: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer  
BC: Basic Color  
BIVRFTAB: Bivariate Frequency Table  
Cal: Calibration  
Cal/Val: Calibration and Validation  
CBIR: Content-Based Image Retrieval  
CEOS: Committee on Earth Observation Satellites  
CESBIO: Centre d'Etudes Spatiales de la Biosphere  
CFMask: C (programming language version of) Function of Mask  
CLC: CORINE Land Cover (taxonomy)  
CNPS: Centre national d'etudes Spatiales  
CNN: Convolutional Neural Network  
CORINE: Coordination of Information on the Environment  
CV: Computer VisionDCNN: Deep Convolutional Neural Network  
DEM: Digital Elevation Model  
DIAS: Data and Information Access Services  
DLR: Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center)  
DN: Digital Number  
DP: Dichotomous Phase (in the FAO LCCS taxonomy)  
DRIP: Data-Rich, Information-Poor (syndrome)  
EO: Earth Observation  
EO-IU: EO Image Understanding  
EO-IU4 SQ: EO Image Understanding for Semantic Querying  
ESA: European Space Agency  
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization  
FIECS: Future Intelligent EO imaging Satellites  
FMask: Function of Mask  
GEO: Intergovernmental Group on Earth Observations  
GEOSS: Global EO System of Systems  
GIGO: Garbage In, Garbage Out principle of error propagation  
GIS: Geographic Information System  
GIScience: Geographic Information Science  
GUI: Graphic User Interface  
IGBP: International Global Biosphere Programme  
IoU: Intersection over Union  
IU: Image Understanding  
LAI: Leaf Area Index  
LC: Land Cover  
LCCS: Land Cover Classification System (taxonomy)  
LCLU: Land Cover Land Use  
LEDAPS: Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System  
MAACS: Multisensor Atmospheric Correction and Cloud Screening  
MAJA: Multisensor Atmospheric Correction and Cloud Screening (MACCS)-Atmospheric/Topographic Correction (ATCOR) Joint Algorithm  
mDMI: Minimally Dependent and Maximally Informative (set of quality indicators)  
MHP: Modular Hierarchical Phase (in the FAO LCCS taxonomy)  
MIR: Medium InfraRed  
MODIS: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer  
MS: Multi-Spectral  
MSI: (Sentinel-2) Multi-Spectral Instrument  
NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration  
NIR: Near InfraRed  
NLTCD: National Land Cover Data  
NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  
NP: Non-deterministic Polynomial  
OBIA: Object-Based Image Analysis  
OCC: Open Geospatial Consortium  
OP: Outcome (product) and Process  
OP:-Q2I: Outcome and Process Quantitative Quality Index  
QA4 EO: Quality Accuracy Framework for Earth Observation  
Q2I: Quantitative Quality Indicator  
RGB: monitor-typical Red-Green-Blue data cube  
RMSE: Root Mean Square Error  
RS: Remote Sensing  
RTD: Research and Technological Development  
SCBIR: Semantic Content-Based Image Retrieval  
SCM: Scene Classification Map  
SEIKD: Semantics-Enabled Information/Knowledge Discovery  
Sen2 Cor: Sentinel 2 (atmospheric, topographic and adjacency) Correction Prototype Processor  
SIAMTM: Satellite Image Automatic MapperTM  
STRATCOR: Stratified Topographic Correction  
SURF: Surface Reflectance  
TIR: Thermal InfraRedTM (superscript): (non-registered) Trademark  
TMask: Temporal Function of Mask  
TOA: Top-Of-Atmosphere  
TOARD: TOA Radiance  
TOARF: TOA Reflectance  
UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle  
UML: Unified Modeling Language  
USGS: US Geological Survey  
Val: Validation  
VAPS: Value-Adding information Products and Services  
VQ: Vector Quantization  
WGCV: Working Group on Calibration and Validation