## 5 Limitations of the Research and Future Directions  
The study was confined to examining samples produced from BioMed Durable resin, a FormLabs polymer material that emulates the strength and rigidity of polyethylene, with layer thicknesses of 50 microns. Additionally, the tests were conducted with the sole objective of calculating the fracture toughness in Mode I. This focus on a specific material and fracture mode inevitably entails certain limitations in the broader understanding of the material's behavior under varied conditions. As can be seen from Figure A1 in Appendix A, the research methodology proposed in the empirical study for examining and characterizing materials printed by stereolithography can be extended to other resins. This provides a scalable research solution for stakeholders interested in enabling progress in the understanding of additive manufacturing techniques based on low-force stereolithography. To build on this research, further tests must be performed to estimate the fracture toughness for modes II and III at different orientation angles of the print. An expanded scope would facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the material's performance under different loading conditions and orientations. Furthermore, an investigation of the fracture toughness of the material when subjected to alternative resins and changes in printing parameters, such as layer thickness, would facilitate a deeper understanding of the impact of these variables on mechanical properties. To complement these efforts, dynamic tests such as impact and fatigue will be incorporated to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the material's performance in real-world applications. Additionally, further experiments will be conducted to explore the effects of varying layer thicknesses, printing speeds, and post-curing parameters on the mechanical properties of the resin. These follow-up studies will help refine the optimization of printing parameters for different industries and expand the practical applications of LFS-printed resins. Furthermore, future research could investigate the long-term durability and biocompatibility of BioMed Durable Resin in authentic medical applications. Studies on the interaction of this material with biological tissues, its response to sterilization processes, and its performance under physiological conditions would provide critical data for its practical use in medical devices. Moreover, collaboration with medical professionals and industry experts can facilitate the identification of novel applications and design innovations, thus accelerating the adoption of 3D-printed biocompatible materials in healthcare. In conclusion, these prospective avenues of inquiry will not only address the shortcomings of the present study but also pave the way for advances in both material science and biomedical engineering, thereby fostering innovation and improving the efficacy of 3D-printed medical solutions. The following supporting information can be downloaded at: [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app14209529/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app14209529/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app14209529/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app14209529/s1)). Conceptualization, M.B., A.M.R. and J.A.-R.; methodology, M.B., J.A.-R. and G.S.-A. ; software, J.A.-R.; validation, J.A.-R., G.S.-A. and S.M.J. ; formal analysis, G.S.-A. ; investigation, S.M.J. ; resources, J.A.-R.; data curation, M.B. ; writing--original draft preparation, M.B. and A.M.R. ; writing--review and editing, A.M.R. ; visualization, M.B. and A.M.R. ; supervision, A.M.R. ; project administration, A.M.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. The authors are grateful for the support of the Regional Government of Madrid and the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities of the Kingdom of Spain with the funding provided by the European Union (EU) to M.B. from NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1). Not applicable.