# Business Models for the Internet of Services: State of the Art and Research Agenda
## 6 Research Agenda
### Exploring the IoS' Application Fields  
Future studies could promote the IoS expansion in any field that have not yet been assessed in relation to IoS-based business models, considering the service dominance is not restricted to the more traditional services as education, hospitality, and healthcare. It also appears in traditional product-oriented industries such as the manufacturing, building sector, and agriculture.  
In traditional service sector, there is a range of applications. In healthcare, \"the IoS, as a new concept of Internet evaluation, depends not only on technological solutions but also on service innovations in the field of new value propositions where a patient-centered model is needed. Such a model would consider patient preferences, values, and the need for information as the leading characteristics of care. Patient and medical unit engagement is an essential prerequisite for the new value proposition development process\" [72]. Similar research topics could be studied in other services, such as education.  
In manufacturing, the IoS role is not totally clear and there are challenges in addressing an IoS-based business model. [PERSON] et al. [73] question \"how to customize products and services to user requirements while producing products of \"zero lot size\" and \"mass production costs\". Despite the relevance of the IoS as a pillar for the Industry 4.0 [1, 6], the relationship between IoS and business model is not deeply covered by the current scientific research. Although there are theoretical archetypes for data-driven business models in Industry 4.0 [74], they can be further developed to address the IoS and its features.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Research Stream** & **Research Question** & **Supporting Literature** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Exploring the business model meta-components for IoS adoption} & How to adapt the business model and its structure for applying IoS, regarding value proposition, value creation, value delivery and value capture? & [8, 10, 25, 74] \\ \cline{2-3}  & How the shift toward IoS-based business model meets social motivations and customer value proposition & [36, 41] \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & while being compliant with data privacy and security? & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Exploring the IoS’ application fields} & Which would be an IoS-based business model archetype in traditional service sectors like healthcare and education? & [32, 72] \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & How to expand the business model in manufacturing sector for an IoS ecosystem perspective, shaping the firm-centric models as servitization and digitalization? & [29, 35, 67, 73, 74] \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & What is being applied for innovations toward IoS-based business model in agri-business sector? & [68, 71] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Research agenda.  
In agri-business, [PERSON] et al. [71] highlight the diversity of stakeholders integrating agri-food chains, and suggest that an integrated platform could support the several players in delivering new valuable services.