## 1 Introduction  
Multiphase flows can be defined as a fluid flow system comprising two or more phases that are distinct, simultaneously co-flowing in a mixture where the level of separation between phases is at a scale well above the molecular level [1]. Multiphase flow through pipelines is encountered in many engineering installations. In the petroleum, chemical processing, and many other industries, problems associated with the multiphase flow through pipelines have been of interest for a long time. In the petroleum industry, it occurs in oil and gas wells, gathering systems, many piping systems, and critical pieces of equipment needed in refineries and petrochemical industries, such as boilers, condensers, and separators. The low temperature and high-pressure conditions in production pipelines at the subsea region often result in the formation of gas hydrates, causing blockage and affecting transmission safety. Sir [PERSON] first identified gas hydrates or clathrate in 1810. They are solid crystalline inclusion compounds consisting of polyhedral water cavities that enclathrate small gas molecules [2]. Natural gas hydrates removal is essential industrially, because the occurrence of these solids in pipelinespresents high economic loss and ecological risks, as well as potential safety hazards to exploration and transmission personnel [3]. The concept of gas hydrate growth in multiphase gas dominant transmission pipelines, which is as well-known as the gaseous phase, dominates the significant portion of the pipeline alongside the other phases like oil and water. When a gas dominant multiphase system is observed, the representation of Gas hydrate growth at various stages is displayed [4]. Besides, they also have technological importance in separation processes, fuel transportation, and storage [5]. They are also a potential fuel resource. So far, gas hydrates have provided more problems than solutions. The formation of gas hydrates in deep-water production can hinder operations; managing or preventing their accumulation in deep-water oil and gas wells and pipelines has been a challenge for many decades, and addressing the existence of gas hydrates is a significant part of planning for deep-water drilling and production. The transportation of natural gas is often achieved through underground transmission lines, and the safety of gas transportation deserves our attention. Due to complex operating temperature and pressure changes, condensation occurs in the transmission pipelines that leads to the generation of gas hydrates [6]. The reported work presents the gas hydrate formation in multiphase systems at various pressure and temperature conditions. Numerous researchers came up with different types of thermodynamic as well as kinetic models that can predict gas hydrates formation and the performance of various gas hydrate inhibitors. Most of them are based on principles such as reaction kinetics, mass transfer, heat transfer, and fluid flow. These studies have played a vital role in research on hydrate formation and growth [7]. There are numerous research studies on hydrate formation and flow in gas dominated pipelines, done to investigate the gas hydrates formation in pipelines and deposition process on the pipe wall in the saturated water containing system. However, the research that focuses on describing the formation of hydrates and the degree of blockage in multiphase gas dominant transmission pipelines is limited. The first discussion about the formation of gas hydrates in multiphase flow lines was noted to be in the 1980s. A theoretical study has been done on multiphase system gas hydrates with the interest's in-phase behavior of hydrate formation, temperature, pressure, and quantity of liquid in a gas pipeline to form gas hydrates [8]. Further researchers found that the flow parameters like velocity and discharge of fuel in the pipelines also affect the kinetics of gas hydrates.