# Deployment Strategy of Shore-Based Cooperative Units for the Internet of Inland Vessels
## 3 Deployment Strategy of Shore-Based Collaborative Units
### Deployment Principles and Planning Objectives  
Base-station planning considers the data transmission rate of the ship and shore, the power consumption of the base station, and the deployment cost. The data transmission rate of a base station refers to the number of bits transmitted by the base station per unit time. The maximum data transmission rate of a single base station is related to the bandwidth of the base station and its spectral efficiency. Spectral efficiency is an index used in wireless communication to evaluate the efficiency of radio-channel resource utilization and is mainly related to the modulation and coding method of base stations (i.e., the types of base stations).  
\(\eta_{m}\) is the spectral efficiency of type-m base stations. The maximum data transmission rate of a single base station can be calculated by spectral efficiency \(\times\) bandwidth, namely \(\eta_{m}\cdot B_{km}\). Therefore, the maximum data transmission rate that the system can provide is  
\[f_{1}(A)=\sum_{m=1}^{M}\sum_{k=1}^{K}a_{km}\cdot n_{km}\cdot\eta_{m}\cdot B_{km} \tag{10}\]  
The planning of the data transmission rate of the base station is generally related to communication service requirements in the region. According to the calculation of the communication requirements in Section 2.2, the maximum throughput \(Q_{sys.max}\) in the system can be obtained. Therefore, the objective function is \(f_{1}(A)\geq Q_{sys.max}\).  
The power consumption of a base station refers to the energy consumption required by the base station to maintain normal operation, which increases with increased transmission power. Therefore, the transmission power of the base station can reflect the power consumption of the system. The objective function of the total system power consumption can be equivalently defined by  
\[f_{2}(A)=\sum_{m=1}^{M}\sum_{k=1}^{K}a_{km}\cdot P_{km}\cdot n_{km} \tag{11}\]  
The costs of station deployment account for most of the investment in wireless network construction. Therefore, the costs of station deployment should be reduced as much as possible under the premise of ensuring network quality. Assuming that the construction costs of the same type of station are the same, the construction cost of the communication base station is related to the type, configuration, and number of base stations. When the \(k^{th}\) configuration of the \(m^{th}\) type is selected, \(C_{km}\) is the construction cost of a single site of the base station. The objective function of the total system cost can be defined by  
\[f_{3}(A)=\sum_{m=1}^{M}\sum_{k=1}^{K}a_{km}\cdot n_{km}\cdot c_{km} \tag{12}\]  
An optimization model is established, and its objective function and constraints are  
\[\begin{array}{l}max\ f_{1}(A)\\ min\ f_{2}(A)\\ min\ f_{3}(A)\end{array} \tag{13}\]  
\[\begin{array}{l}st1:f_{1}\geq Q_{sys.max}\\ st2:f_{2}\leq P_{max}\\ st3:f_{3}\leq c_{budget}\\ st4:R_{km}\geq R_{min}\end{array} \tag{14}\]  
where \(c_{budget}\) represents the budget cost of the system communication planning; \(P_{max}\) represents the maximum power allowed by the system; \(st1\) indicates that the transmission rate supported by the system is greater than the total throughput required for ship-shore communication services; \(st2\) indicates that the total transmission power of the base stationin the system does not exceed the maximum allowable power; \(st3\) shows that the total cost of base station planning does not exceed the budget value; \(st4\) shows the edge rate of the base station not lower than the specified minimum value.