## 1 Introduction  
At present, with the development of urbanization in China, urban land resources have become increasingly large along with the continuous development of high-rise buildings and underground space. Even though deep excavation is temporary, underestimating its significance has unfavorable effects. As a result, more and more projects in urban construction require a large area, and deep foundation pit construction; however, the traditional pile bracing or wall bracing support method is not only complicated in construction, covering a large area, and repeated removal and replacement of bracing construction operations are very likely to cause delays and waste of resources. On the other hand, deep excavation causes both vertical and lateral ground movements, which result in surface subsidence, inclination, discontinuous deformation, and curvature change. These changes have an impact on the stability and safety of nearby existing buildings within the settlement range of strata, potentially posing a threat to their structural safety [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6]. It is widely accepted that the soil movement that takes place during the process of deep excavation has a substantial impact in this regard. Increased soil movement causes excessive settlement of nearby structures, which can result in a variety of damages [7; 8; 9]. Recently, many experts and scholars point out that compared with vertical pile support technology, inclined pile support technology has good advantages in pile displacement control and out-of-pit settlement control [10]. However, ref. [11] pointed out that in soft soil pits, the overturning resistance of inclined piles with the same inclination angle is stronger than that of single inclined piles; the settlement of the soil around the pit and the maximum displacement of the pile are inversely proportional to the inclination angle, by comparing and analyzing the finite element simulation results of purely inclined piles and inclined-straight combination piles. In addition, ref. [12] carried out that the internal force and deformation of the inclined-straight combination pile are less than the former and the stability is superior compared with the straight and purely inclined pile. On the other hand, [PERSON] et al. [13] derived the deformation control mechanism of the actively inclined pile by finite element simulation and confirmed that the use of active control technique in inclined and straight combined inclined pile support can well control the deformation of the soil body and effectively reduce the deformation and displacement of the soil body. However, pit construction can affect the pile foundations of adjacent structures, therefore it is necessary to analyze the impact of foundation construction on the pile foundations of adjacent structures. In addition, ref. [14] studied the effects of excavation distance, pit size, excavation depth, number of pits, and construction process on adjacent elevated subway structures. Along the same line, ref. [15] used finite element software to analyze the damage and effects of pit excavation on adjacent pile foundations. They found that the maximum pile lateral deformations observed at the site after excavation depths of 6.71 and 15.24 m are 38 and 63 mm. [PERSON] et al. [16] concluded that the absence of support measures for the pit support structure would lead to increased deformation of the surrounding pile foundations. Moreover, ref. [17] used centrifugal tests combined with the effect of deep pit excavation on the deformation of the surrounding pile foundations that was studied by [PERSON] using centrifugal tests combined with 3D numerical simulation software. Ref. [18] used 3D numerical analysis software for analysis and concluded that there is a close relationship between soil deformation and pile foundation deformation. Although the aforementioned previous studies examined the impact of foundation pit excavation on the deformation of pile foundations, a great deal of expertise has been gained in foundation pit design and construction.