## 3 Results  
In the synthesis of permanently porous microspheres, a suspension polymerization technique was used. Compared to previous studies, we have significantly reduced the amount of the used PVA, still obtaining regular microspheres. In their synthesis, three commercially available monomers were copolymerized with 9,10-bis(methacryloyloxymethyl) anthracene. The chemical structures of the monomers used in the synthesis of porous copolymers are displayed in Figure 2.  
To settle the assumed chemical structure of the obtained microspheres, ATR-FTIR spectrophotometry was applied. The obtained spectra of the copolymers under study are displayed on Figure 3. As the copolymers exhibit some analogous functional groups, bands pointing the presence of aromatic rings, i.e., at 3066-3019 cm\({}^{-1}\) (\(\
u\) C-H), 1603 cm\({}^{-1}\) and 1458 cm\({}^{-1}\) (\(\
u\) C-C), ester groups at 1726 (\(\
u\) C=O) cm\({}^{-1}\) and 1249-1139 cm\({}^{-1}\) (\(\
u\) C-O) as well as alkyl and alkylene groups, i.e., at 2962-2830 (\(\
u\) asym. and sym. C-H) are visible on each spectrum. A weak absorption band at 1638-1630 cm\({}^{-1}\) connected with the unreacted C=C double bonds can be also seen in some spectra. In the case of BMA-_co_-DVB copolymers, bands at 755 and 708 cm\({}^{-1}\) (\(\delta\) oop C-H of monosubstituted benzene) and at 829-796 (\(\delta\) out-of-plane C-H of \(p\)-disubstituted benzene) are also visible. Figure 3: ATR-FTIR spectra of BMA-_co_-DVB (blue line), BMA _co_-EGDMA (pink line) and BMA-co-TRIM (red line) copolymers. Figure 2: The chemical formulas of the used monomers. The premediated objective of this research was to synthesize new polymeric materials with highly developed internal structure. In order to obtain this goal, BMA with different methacrylic and vinyl comonomers was polymerized in the presence of two different solvents. All of the used comonomers possess a high functionality, which leads to the high degree of crosslinking. The functionality of EGDMA and DVB is the same as that of BMA and is equal to four. It is even higher and equals six in the case of TRIM. This fact creates an excellent environment for \(\
u\)-syneresis. As evidenced in Table 2, the increase in monomer functionality expands the porous structure. BMA-_co_-TRIM copolymers have the highly developed internal structure. This phenomenon is reflected by high value of specific surface area, pore volume and diversified pore size distribution. What is important, not only is the type of comonomer important for the process of porous structure formation, but also its amount. In the first turn, the copolymers were synthesized using equimolar rations. Afterwards, the amount of the comonomer (EGDMA, DVB or TRIM) was increased and the molar ratio of BMA to comonomer was equal to 1:4. The increase in the comonomer amount in the polymerization medium gave rise to creation of a huge number of low energy and highly crosslinked nuclei during the phase separation. After the nuclei aggregation, the resulting microgels are very complex and create highly developed internal structure. The value of the specific surface area of copolymers obtained with the comonomer excess is considerably higher compared with their equimolar counterparts. A similar relationship can be observed with the pore volume. The chemical structure of the comonomer also has a great impact on the pore diameter. Figure 4 displays pore size distribution of microspheres obtained from equimolar amount of comonomers with toluene as porogenic solvent. As can be seen, the pore diameters strongly depend on the used comonomer. BMA-_co_-DVB copolymers are characterized by narrow pore size distribution and pore diameters approaching the micropore region. In the case of BMA-_co_-TRIM materials, the distribution is wider and apart from a small peak at 3.5 nm the maximum pore diameter is observed at 15 nm. The copolymers obtained on the basis of EGDMA possesses larger pores. Their size distribution is shifted towards macropores, and the maximum can be seen at 40 nm.