## 8 Conclusions  
Building efficient services based on nanosatellites is a praiseworthy objective, especially in light of the inefficiency and lack of infrastructure in terrestrial communication networks. Therefore, the authors presented a project proposal, in this paper, for carrying the nanosatellite challenge and its technology transfer to developing and emerging countries. Furthermore, the communication system embedded in these nanosatellites in a constellation can have the ability to provide technical information based on the Internet of Space Things (IoST) to generate solutions for different applications, such as Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) and fire detection. The proposed technology within this space project was initially developed as a collision prevention tool by AIS, intending to track data (global vessel locations, informing the movement of vessels over time) collected by nanosatellites from maritime transportation systems. The second application has the crucial capability of monitoring wildfire processes and their consequences on ecosystems, the environment, and global warming. Therefore, the mission objective of the nanosatellite project is to develop an effective and functional constellation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) nanosatellites specifically designed to address the aforementioned purposes. The proposed constellation  
Figure 27: Position coordinates obtained by GPS used for AIS. Figure 26: (**a**) Wind speed and (**b**) wind direction. aims to overcome the limitations of a single nanosatellite by leveraging multiple satellites working in concert, enabling improved revisit times and enhancing the overall efficiency and functionality of the system. Meeting pre-established criteria, such as accomplishing the required revisit time, access duration, and response time to assure 100% of coverage of the areas of interest through the nanosatellite constellation, proved the viability of the planned mission. Additionally, the findings of the budget analysis (data, link, power, and mass) and estimations of lifetime offer convincing proof that the suggested nanosatellite platform is well-suited to successfully conduct the necessary missions (AIS tracking and fire detection). Based on the experimental findings, it is clear that the suggested low-cost sensor node architecture and AIS technology effectively proved the feasibility of fire monitoring and marine safety. The system's integration of numerous sensors, such as temperature, humidity, gas and fume sensors, flame, wind speed, and direction sensors, allows for the reliable identification of fire occurrences and offers important information for effective emergency preparedness. Furthermore, the successful testing of GPS technology shows AIS localization's significant contribution to maritime safety measures and the protection of marine ecosystems. These experimental findings provide persuasive proof of the proposed technology's enormous potential in increasing fire monitoring, disaster preparedness, and maritime navigational procedures, ultimately leading to a more secure and sustainable future within the IoST. Furthermore, establishing a strong strategy among countries to a large long-lasting cooperation between the academic community and the rising industries in this sector could lead to high competence in space technology projects. Consequently, this space project is open to students and engineers from different countries. In this context, problem-based learning (PBL), which has been effectively applied at Beihang University, can be thought of as the use of educational and technical methodologies. PBL can undoubtedly assist to create a network of scientists interested in space technology. Three main levels of operation are possible for this project: production and field deployment of applications, education, and research. These levels are connected to foster cooperation within the educational space program.