## 5 Conclusions  
With over 6.6 million refugees and displaced people living in camps (temporary shelters) [2], often in extreme climatic conditions, it must be ensured that these camps provide adequate living conditions that are compatible with basic standards with regards to human safety, wellbeing and hygiene.  
In response, this paper introduces a mobile energy generation unit with integrated PV panels, a heat pump and an air-to-air heat recovery device to ensure adequate air hygiene and occupants' comfort in temporary camps. Two modifications were examined--one using a physical prototyping (recreating a small-scale temporary shelter) and the other using simulations based on real data for different climatic conditions.  
Looking at the efficiency of the recreated temporary mobile energy generation shelters, it can be concluded that such units can provide a sufficient amount of electricity in an off-grid setting. The modeling results also showed how the use of a PV-based mobile energy generation unit could significantly reduce diesel fuel consumption in temporary camps/shelters from 54% per year (in Riga, Latvia) to 96% per year (in Jerusalem, Israel). The PV-generated electricity output is higher (in most cases) than the consumed electricity amount. The main advantage of such installation is its mobility, which makes it possible to move it without hindrance, and thus, if necessary, track the sun and clean the PV from dirt and dust, as well as relocate it using a regularly sized vehicle. Moreover, if the intensity of solar radiation is not sufficient or if the required electricity output increases, the accumulated energy from the storage batteries or a diesel generator for electricity production can be used, to ensure consistent supply of the necessary energy for temporary camps/shelters in off-grid conditions.  
Conceptualization, A.B. and K.L.; methodology, D.Z.; software, R.B.; validation, K.L., D.Z. and R.B.; formal analysis, D.Z.; investigation, A.B., K.L. and D.Z.; data curation, K.L.; writing--original draft preparation, A.B.; writing--review and editing, A.B., D.Z. and K.L.; visualization, R.B.; supervision, A.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Town, TRNSYS** & **Total Required** & **PV Produced** & **Difference, \% (PV Produced** \\  & **el, kWh** & **el, kWh** & **Electricity/Electricity** \\  & **el, kWh** & **Consumed)** \\ \hline Garissa (Kenya) & 6057 & 4732 & 78 \\ Jerusalem (Israel) & 1659 & 4769 & 287 \\ Malakal (South Sudan) & 4900 & 4417 & 90 \\ Kigoma (Tanzania) & 2766 & 3588 & 130 \\ Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) & 1163 & 4496 & 387 \\ Peshawar (Pakistan) & 3694 & 4213 & 114 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 10: PV produced and consumed electricity amount.  
**Funding:** This study was supported by: the European Regional Development Fund project No. 1.1.1.1/16/A/048 \"Nearly Zero Energy Solutions for Unclassified Buildings\", Riga Technical University's Doctoral Grant programme DOK.BIF/20 and EIC Manufacturing Grant \"Mobile energy supply unit--RENGO\".  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.