## 4 Conclusions  
Several of the connections utilized in SMF are not homological under current design regulations. Therefore, studies are required to ensure that the designed frames dissipate their energy in the beams without affecting the connections. In this context, this paper presented an analysis of the inelastic behavior of a steel beam-to-concrete-filled steel tubular column connection using diaphragms.  
During the experimentation, it was observed that the auxiliary beams showed deformations out of the plane due to their low rigidity. Thus, torsional lateral buckling occurred in the beam. Nonetheless, this occurred at a 0.07 rad of rotation for a moment resistant capacity of 453.9 kNm. Therefore, the hysteresis diagram did not show a significant loss of resistance due to this phenomenon.  
Since the general behavior of the specimen until the displacement of 0.04 rad did not present a degradation in its resistance in terms of the load applied to the actuator, it was decided to continue with the protocol to the maximum allowed by the frame. That is, up to a rotation of 0.07 rad with increments of 0.01 rad for every two cycles. At this point, a local buckling occurred in one of the skates.  
It was observed that at a rotation angle of 0.04, the flexural strength of the connection measured to the face of the column was 402.07 kNm. This value exceeded 1.4 times 80% of the plastic moment \(M_{\text{P}}\) (285.37 kNm). Thus, satisfying the requirement of AASC 358 for the qualification of connections belonging to porticos resistant to moments with special dissipation of energy [4]. The maximum resistance moment achieved by the connection was 472.39 kNm at a rotation of 0.06 rad.  
Figure 11: Experimental moment-rotation envelope.  
Regarding the pinching effect of the hysteresis curve due to crack nucleation of the concrete, it was determined that the specimen did not present an incursion into the inelastic range. Moreover, pinching due to bolt slip and to the sequence of yield and strength hardening does not prevent the connection from being utilized in an SMF with special energy dissipation capacity. Indeed, this effect is well known and has been documented for the qualification process of the bolted flange plate (BFP) moment connection covered by AISC 358-16 [4].  
For the plastic hinge \(S_{\text{h}}\), its location was 24% farther from the face of the column than initially assumed at the design stage.  
The connection exhibited ductile hysteretic behavior with stable cycles and large areas of energy dissipation. It should be noted that the inclusion of the diaphragms contributed greatly to the beneficial behavior of the connection. This is achieved by transmitting the compression and tensile stresses generated by flexion while allowing adequate distribution over a large part of the periphery of the column. In addition, a positive effect was observed when filling the column with concrete because this decreased the possibility of the local buckling, as reported by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [34].  
Not applicable.  
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.  
We thank the Universidad del Valle for supporting this research through the Internal Call for Presentation of Research Projects and Artistic Creation in Sciences, Arts, Humanities, Technologies and Innovation 2019 Award--Project ID 21090.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.