# Assignment Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Using Traffic Data Collected by SUMO
## 1 Introduction  
Today, with the many manifestations of climate change and demand for electricity expected to increase by approximately 70% by 2040, energy sustainability and environmental preservation have become global concerns. A 40% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990, at least 32% of the EU's final energy consumption being renewable energy, and at least a 32.5% increase in energy efficiency are just a few of the ambitious goals set by the European Union for decarbonization, the greening of the energy mix, and energy sobriety by 2030 [1, 2]. As cities and countries move to adopt advanced technological plans, electricity consumption will increase to uncontrollable levels if we are not careful. In this context, the use of smart grids (SG) is emerging in the electrical system to achieve ecological and environmental goals while contributing to the reliability of the power supply for customers. These smart grids are made up of millions of components, such as control systems, computers, power lines, and a large number of real-time communication devices. The development of energy-efficient systems is facilitated by several solutions, including the smart grid, which enables the seamless integration of renewable resources, storage facilities, electric vehicles (EV), smart meters, and other intelligent, affordable, sustainable, energy-efficient, and cleaner devices [3, 4, 5]. The provision of bi-directional power flow and communication signals is the main duty of SGs in conventional power systems. SGs can react to changes in power generation, transmission, and substations thanks to a robust control and communication system. Thisfunctionality is derived from agent observations of sensor networks and the overall network. The embedded controller communicates instantly with each substation and power conversion unit, including transformers, converters, inverters, and generators [6]. Road transport is the leading emitter of CO\({}_{2}\) in France, accounting for 31% and 29% of emissions in 2019 and 2020, respectively [7]. The sector was also one of the main sources of air pollution in 2019, with CO\({}_{2}\) accounting for 97% of greenhouse emissions, 2% attributed to HFCs from air conditioning systems, and N\({}_{2}\)O accounting for the remaining percentage. Faced with this situation, electric vehicles have become a major issue for society due to rising environmental concerns, the volatility of oil prices, and the regal force of public authorities. The political will to depart pollutant emissions to energy production centers, on the one hand, on the need to reduce the energy bill, and on the other hand, it has led to several avenues of scientific reflection. The number of sales of EVs has increased from approximately 400 thousand vehicles in 2016 to 5 million vehicles in 2030, which is expected lead to an increase in the consumption of electrical energy from 700 GWh in 2016 to 10 TWh in 2030 [8]. The energy required to charge the vehicles is still reasonable, but the power demand is enormous (hundreds of GW for a total installed power of 130 GW in 2016). Thus, to avoid the negative impact of the power demand of EVs on the electrical network, solutions for electrical charge management are essential. In order to achieve electrical charge management and obtain the information in real time, wireless communication is the best solution. Some communication technologies are specially designed to support the functionality of V2X (vehicle-to-everything), which is a wireless technology that allows the exchange of data between a vehicle and its environment C-ITS (cooperative intelligent transport system), where ITS-G5 and LTE-V2X are existing solutions standardized respectively by the ETSI (European Telecommunication Standards Institute) and 3 GPP (3 rd Generation Partnership Project). These communication technologies provide the core of the vehicular network's performance, enabling improved real-time communication between various architectural elements.