## 3 Results  
Figure 2 depicts a typical underwater force-time curve during horizontal adduction of upper limbs. A single peak profile is shown for the horizontal adduction, with the peak force value happening nearest 60% of the adduction phase. Moreover, using visual inspection, the peak force value clearly differs between the young and the older women group during the horizontal adduction phase.  
Figure 1: The differential pressure system (Aquanex System) used to measure in-water force.  
Figure 3 shows the comparison of music cadences and upper limbs throughout the incremental protocol according to each age group. Differences were found between cadence 105-120 and 120-135 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\) in the force of the dominant limb for young adult women (Panel A) and older women (Panel B). The F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) of non-dominant limb was different between all music cadences for young adult women, while it remained similar in older women (except between cadences 105 and 120 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\)). Despite this, the overall trend was to increase F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) from a slower to faster music cadence. No differences were found between the dominant and non-dominant limbs at the same cadence in the young adult  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Music Cadence**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Age Group**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Mean**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**\(p\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**ES**} \\ \cline{3-4} \cline{6-7}  & & **Young Adult** & **Older** & **Difference(95 CI)** & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{105 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\)} & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) D (N) & 44.14 \(\pm\) 7.19 & 35.82 \(\pm\) 8.01 & 8.32 (2.16 to 14.48) & 0.010 & 1.09 \\  & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) ND (N) & 43.40 \(\pm\) 8.04 & 31.37 \(\pm\) 8.59 & 12.04 (5.30 to 18.77) & 0.001 & 1.45 \\  & SyI (\%) & 10.77 \(\pm\) 7.58 & 15.75 \(\pm\) 12.75 & \(-\)4.98 (13.47 to 3.51) & 0.238 & 0.47 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{120 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\)} & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) D (N) & 50.10 \(\pm\) 6.59 & 42.53 \(\pm\) 8.62 & 7.33 (1.20 to 13.47) & 0.021 & 0.99 \\  & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) ND (N) & 48.22 \(\pm\) 8.47 & 41.48 \(\pm\) 9.52 & 7.51 (0.40 to 14.62) & 0.039 & 0.75 \\  & SyI (\%) & 10.66 \(\pm\) 8.84 & 13.58 \(\pm\) 9.41 & \(-\)2.92 (\(-\)10.32 to 4.47) & 0.422 & 0.32 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{135 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\)} & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) D (N) & 55.83 \(\pm\) 9.42 & 49.85 \(\pm\) 6.50 & 8.44 (2.77 to 14.11) & 0.005 & 0.74 \\  & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) ND (N) & 56.18 \(\pm\) 9.58 & 46.05 \(\pm\) 9.71 & 11.44 (4.40 to 18.49) & 0.003 & 1.05 \\  & SyI (\%) & 10.24 \(\pm\) 5.95 & 13.46 \(\pm\) 15.52 & \(-\)3.22 (\(-\)13.03 to 6.58) & 0.495 & 0.27 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{150 b\(\cdot\)min\({}^{-1}\)} & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) D & 63.36 \(\pm\) 10.04 & 55.47 \(\pm\) 9.13 & 8.35 (0.75 to 15.96) & 0.033 & 0.82 \\  & F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\) ND & 67.05 \(\pm\) 13.84 & 49.75 \(\pm\) 9.98 & 17.30 (7.53 to 27.06) & 0.001 & 1.43 \\  & SyI (\%) & 11.74 \(\pm\) 5.73 & 17.47 \(\pm\) 12.27 & \(-\)5.73 (\(-\)13.65 to 2.20) & 0.146 & 0.60 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Descriptive statistics and comparison of age groups in force production and symmetry.  
Figure 2: Example of the underwater force–time curve between young adult women (black line) and older women (gray line) during the horizontal adduction. F\({}_{\text{PEAK}}\), resultant peak force.  
group. However, the FPEAK of older women differs according to limbs at the cadence of 105 and 150 b-min\({}^{-1}\).