## 2 Results and Discussion
### Gene Ontology Enrichment Analyses of PbPP1c-Interacting Proteins
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**GO ID** & **GO Term** & **Number of Genes Detected 1** & **Fold Enrichment** & **\(p\)-Value** & **Benjamini FDR** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Bonferroni Adjusted** \\ _p-Value_ \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline GO:0022607 & Cellular component assembly & 27/108 & 2.18 & \(4.48\times 10^{-5}\) & \(1.04\times 10^{-3}\) & \(1.88\times 10^{-3}\) \\ GO:0065003 & Protein-containing complex assembly & 22/80 & 2.4 & \(4.97\times 10^{-5}\) & \(1.04\times 10^{-3}\) & \(2.09\times 10^{-3}\) \\ GO:0022618 & Ribonucleotideprotein complex assembly & 14/43 & 2.84 & \(1.75\times 10^{-4}\) & \(2.45\times 10^{-3}\) & \(7.35\times 10^{-3}\) \\ \hline GO:0015031 & Protein transport & 24/109 & 1.92 & \(9.32\times 10^{-4}\) & \(9.79\times 10^{-3}\) & \(3.91\times 10^{-2}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Number of genes detected/total number of genes in the background with this term.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Analysis of biological processes enrichment in the PbPP1c interactome in gametocytes limited to GO SLIM terms. and lipids destined for the plasma membrane, lysosomes or other post-Golgi compartments (COPII) or in retrograde transport from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (COPI). In _Plasmodium_, PfSarp1 and PfSec31 (COPII proteins) have been shown to be exported to the erythrocyte cytosol where they appear to play a role in the trafficking of proteins across the erythrocyte cytoplasm [31; 32], while PfCOP8 (COPI subunit) was located entirely within the parasite associated with the endoplasmic reticulum [33]. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of COPI \(\beta\) and \(\delta\) subunits have been shown to be involved in coatomer assembly and function [34; 35]. In the gametocyte PbPP1c interactome, five COPs were detected of which four contain at least one potential RVxF binding motif to PP1c. These data, along with the information from PlasmoDB about the phosphorylation status of their counterparts in _P. falciparum_, strongly suggest the contribution of PP1 to the regulation of the function of the COP complex in gametocytes via dephosphorylation. Figure 4: STRING network visualization of PbPP1c-interacting proteins belonging to “cellular component assembly” GO Slim in gametocyte stages. Using the Cytoscape STRING application, a network was retrieved for the 27 proteins from the cellular component assembly GO Slim of the PbPP1c interactome in gametocyte stages. With a protein–protein interaction enrichment \(p\)-value of 9.99 \(\times\) 10\({}^{-16}\), the resulting network contained 70 functional associations among 23 proteins; four proteins (i.e., PBANKA_0211300, cysteine desulfurase Iscs; PBANKA_0607800, cytosolic iron–sulfur protein assembly protein 1; PBANKA_0942300, radial spoke head protein; PBANKA_0917400, armadillo repeat protein PF16) with no associations to other proteins in the network were removed. Proteins from KEGG pathways map03050 (proteasome), map03013 (RNA transport), and map03040 (spliceosome) are colored in blue, green, and orange, respectively. Assignation to Eukaryotic translation initiation 3 subunits and to microtubule-associated proteins was conducted manually, based on protein description in PlasmoDB and literature. Black stars indicate proteins with RVxF motifs based on the Wakula consensus sequence [19]. Proteins of each network are listed in adjacent tables showing PlasmoDB geneID, short name, and protein description. STRING analysis was performed using the 11.0b version of the software.