## 1 Introduction
[PERSON] [9] proposed the use of the Detection-Based Power Control Routing protocol for network data transmission, which reduces the duration of data collection. [PERSON] et al. [10] proposed an adaptive competitive window mechanism that dynamically selects the optimal backoff window. [PERSON] et al. [11] proposed a hybrid visible light communication and radio frequency femtocell network access protocol based on the CSMA/CA algorithm. [PERSON]'s team proposed a CSMA/CA communication protocol to solve the collision problem among multiple robots [12]. [PERSON] et al. [13] constructed an underwater network environment consisting of a physical layer and a data link layer and analyzed the transmission characteristics of underwater acoustic channels. For underwater robots, static channel allocation is not suitable due to disconnections or joining the network during the deployment process or due to insufficient energy, and there is a problem of wasted channel resources. However, for dynamic media access control, the most typical CSMA/CA protocol has been widely used. Currently, the CSMA/CA protocol has been applied in underwater communication systems and has been verified for its feasibility. Due to the prioritized channel resources and distributed topology structure of the system, the underwater electric field cluster communication system is more suitable for adopting the CSMA/CA protocol. The complex underwater environment severely attenuates commonly used communication methods in terrestrial communication, making it a technical challenge to ensure smooth information exchange between autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). [PERSON] et al. [14] found that various temporal and spatial scales of ocean dynamics seriously affect the reliable detection and decoding of signals by underwater acoustic communication devices. [PERSON] et al. [15] found that underwater optical communication is susceptible to hydrological conditions and scattering of water. However, the discovery of weakly electric fish provides a new approach to integrated underwater group communication [16]. [PERSON] et al. [17] found that weakly electric fish can emit weak electric fields through their electric organ discharge and sense distorted electric fields on their body surface. The concept of signal transmission through electric field conduction was first proposed by [PERSON] [18], and the emission and detection processes of electric field communication signals were realized. [PERSON] et al. [19] discovered that the effective distance of electric field communication is a function of current, and the feasibility of electric field communication was verified through experiments. [PERSON]'s team analyzed the factors affecting communication distance in underwater current field communication [20]. At the same time, the team integrated the underwater electric field communication system into a bionic robotic fish and successfully controlled the fish's swimming mode through an external emission device, demonstrating the promising application prospects of this communication system in close-range communication of underwater robots [21]. [PERSON] et al. [22] proposed an integrated method for underwater electric field detection and communication based on P4 code modulation OFDM signals to meet the requirements of underwater robot cluster operations. [PERSON] et al. [23] proposed a dynamic velocity potential field method to enhance the swarm performance for the cooperative hunting task of multi-autonomous underwater vehicles with moving obstacles. Therefore, this article adopts underwater electric field communication for signal transmission, which has good communication omnidirectionality, high speed, and low delay, and meets the requirements of dynamic communication among AUV multi-nodes. This article proposes a novel underwater electric field multi-node networking protocol for the application scenario of AUV collaborative networking.