## 6 Results and Discussion
### Results
The effect of the four disturbance factors on the performance time of eight participants was examined, regarding setup conditions \"direct vision (binocular stereo) + hand\" (F1), \"direct vision (binocular stereo) + gripper\" (F2), \"HMD indirect vision (mono biocular) + hand\" \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l} \hline \hline  & & & **Traditional Interface** & **Immersive Interface** \\ \hline
**Task 1** & mean time performances & Key_Seq. 1 & \(\mu_{t}=29.39\), \(\sigma_{t}=8.78\) & \(\mu_{i}=32.15\), \(\sigma_{t}=10.13\) \\  & Key_Seq. 2 & \(\mu_{t}=23.39\), \(\sigma_{t}=7.82\) & \(\mu_{i}=26.18\), \(\sigma_{t}=7.22\) \\  & KeySeq. 1+2 & \(\mu_{t}=52.78\), \(\sigma_{t}=16.55\) & \(\mu_{i}=58.33\), \(\sigma_{t}=16.51\) \\ \hline
**Task 2** & mean time performances & \({}^{*}\) & \(\mu_{t}=136.75\), \(\sigma_{t}=61.93\) & \(\mu_{i}=94.95\), \(\sigma_{t}=25.28\) \\ \hline
**Task 3** & mean time performances & & \(\mu_{t}=26.75\), \(\sigma_{t}=14.31\) & \(\mu_{i}=25.50\), \(\sigma_{t}=11.52\) \\  & mean hits & \(*\) & \(\mu_{t}=8.8\), \(\sigma_{t}=2.52\) & \(\mu_{i}=6.6\), \(\sigma_{t}=1.73\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Mean performance measures summary of Tasks 1, 2, and 3. Figure 10: Mean task-time performance: pick and place in the box task. Comparison of individual disturbance factors introduced by each mediation technology (visual, haptic, shift between kinesthetic and visual feedback). Figure 9: Task 3: (**a**) mean task-time performance to follow a 3D path with a metallic loop avoiding contact with the guiding pipe; (**b**) mean hits. (F3) and \"HMD indirect vision (mono biocular) + gripper\" (F4). Its one-way repeated measures ANOVA analysis reveals that the comparison is statistically significant: \(F_{3,21}=23.62\), \(p<0.001^{*}\). Additionally, post-hoc tests and the pairwise multiple comparisons show which factors' means are significantly different and are summarized in Table 4.  
**Qualitative evaluation based on the user questionnaire:**  
Figure 11 presents a comparison of the scores for each question while performing Task 2 and Task 3 (\"pick and place in the box task\" and \"path following task\") using either the traditional interface (\(Fix_{Display}+Fix_{Cam}\)) or the immersive interface (\(Rift_{Display}+Mov_{Cam}\)). One-way ANOVA tests, without repeated measures, reveal the following statistically significant scores marked with an \({}^{*}\): \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**F1** & **F2** & **F3** & **F4** & **F5** \\
**Direct vision (binocular** & **Direct vision (binocular** & **HMD indirect vision** & **HMD indirect vision** & **HMD indirect vision** & **Monitor indirect vision (mono biocular) + Criper** & **bioular + Criper** \\ \hline \(\mu=8.75\) & \(\mu=30.875\) & \(\mu=15.625\) & \(\mu=41.375\) & \(\mu=56.4\) \\ \(\sigma=1.39\) & \(\sigma=14.91\) & \(\sigma=2.92\) & \(\sigma=8.56\) & \(\sigma=16.47\) \\ \(FI2F34\) : \(F_{52}=23.62\), & & & & \\ \(p<0.001^{*}\) & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{FI2}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{34}=17.45\), \(\mathrm{FI3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=113.023\), \(\mathrm{FI4}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=113.023\), \(\mathrm{FOOTNOTE:3]Footnote 3: footnotemark: [ENDFOOTNOTE] } & \(\mathrm{FI4}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=36.07\), \(\mathrm{}\) \\  & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{F2}\mathrm{F3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=80.5\), \(p=\mathrm{F24}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=2.98\), \(p<0.106\) \\ \end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{F3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=80.5\), \(p=\mathrm{F24}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=2.98\), \(p<0.106\) \\ \end{tabular} & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{F3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=80.5\), \(p=\mathrm{F24}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=2.98\), \(p<0.106\) \\ \end{tabular} & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{F3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=80.5\), \(p=\mathrm{F24}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=2.98\), \(p<0.106\) \\ \end{tabular} & \(\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{F3}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=80.5\), \(p=\mathrm{F34}\ ;\ \mathrm{F}_{14}=64.71\), \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}