## 3 Results
### Evaluation by Channel Configuration
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Experiment** & **Class** & **Precision** & **Recall** & **F1-Score** & **mIoU** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{RGB} & Clear Sky & 90.75\% & 97.26\% & 93.89\% & 88.49\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 48.84\% & 95.76\% & 64.68\% & 47.80\% \\  & Thin Cloud & 68.35\% & 34.63\% & 45.97\% & 29.84\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 56.18\% & 22.28\% & 31.91\% & 18.98\% \\  & Overall & 66.03\% & 62.48\% & 59.11\% & 46.28\% \\  & Clear Sky & 89.75\% & 97.20\% & 93.33\% & 87.49\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 48.33\% & 90.75\% & 63.07\% & 46.06\% \\  & Thin Cloud & 64.88\% & 27.60\% & 38.73\% & 24.02\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 62.92\% & 27.85\% & 38.61\% & 23.92\% \\  & Overall & 66.47\% & 60.85\% & 58.43\% & 45.37\% \\  & Clear Sky & 89.76\% & 97.86\% & 93.63\% & 88.02\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 49.92\% & 92.76\% & 64.91\% & 48.05\% \\  & Thin Cloud & 70.76\% & 26.79\% & 38.87\% & 24.12\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 61.80\% & 27.24\% & 37.82\% & 23.32\% \\  & Overall & 68.06\% & 61.16\% & 58.80\% & 45.88\% \\  & Clear Sky & 89.87\% & 96.84\% & 93.22\% & 87.31\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 44.19\% & 92.79\% & 59.87\% & 42.73\% \\  & Thin Cloud & 65.55\% & 27.43\% & 38.67\% & 23.97\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 50.87\% & 23.76\% & 32.39\% & 19.33\% \\  & Overall & 62.62\% & 60.20\% & 56.04\% & 43.33\% \\  & Clear Sky & 90.12\% & 97.91\% & 93.85\% & 88.42\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 48.27\% & 88.40\% & 62.44\% & 45.39\% \\ TOA & Thin Cloud & 71.75\% & 29.99\% & 42.30\% & 26.82\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 59.43\% & 24.68\% & 34.87\% & 21.12\% \\  & Overall & 67.39\% & 60.24\% & 58.37\% & 45.44\% \\  & Clear Sky & 90.19\% & 97.58\% & 93.74\% & 88.22\% \\  & Thick Cloud & 51.89\% & 86.88\% & 64.97\% & 48.12\% \\ TOA+NDVI & Thin Cloud & 69.18\% & 35.16\% & 46.62\% & 30.40\% \\  & Cloud Shadow & 66.06\% & 20.89\% & 31.75\% & 18.87\% \\  & Overall & 69.33\% & 60.13\% & 59.27\% & 46.40\% \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: The performance metrics of the cloud masks for each of the channel combination cases of the KOMPSAT-3 and 3A test datasets whether TOA reflectance was applied or not. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline
**group1** & **group2** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Clear Sky**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Thick Cloud**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Thin Cloud**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Cloud Shadow**} \\  & **MD** & **p-adj** & **MD** & **p-adj** & **MD** & **p-adj** & **MD** & **p-adj** \\ \hline NGR & RGB & 0.002 & 0 & 0.0507 & 0 & 0.0723 & 0 & \(-0.0432\) & 0 \\ NGR & RGBN & 0.008 & 0 & \(\mathbf{-0.0024}\) & \(\mathbf{0.0966}\) & \(-0.015\) & 0 & \(\mathbf{-0.0011}\) & \(\mathbf{0.9723}\) \\ NGR & RGBNNDVI & 0 & 0 & 0.018 & 0 & \(-0.016\) & 0 & \(-0.0204\) & 0 \\ NGR & TOA & 0.01 & 0 & \(-0.0305\) & 0 & 0.014 & 0 & \(-0.022\) & 0 \\ NGR & TOANDVI & 0.005 & 0 & \(-0.0354\) & 0 & 0.0741 & 0 & \(-0.058\) & 0 \\ RGB & RGBN & 0.007 & 0 & \(-0.0531\) & 0 & \(-0.088\) & 0 & 0.0422 & 0 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: The Tukey HSD post hoc analysis of F1-scores across channel combinations for each class. The Mean Difference (MD), defined as MD = \(\pi_{group1}-\pi_{group2}\), quantifies the difference in F1-scores between the two channel pairs. A positive MD indicates that the first channel (group1) has a higher F1-score than the second (group2), while a negative MD suggests the opposite. The adjusted \(p\)-value (p-adj) indicates the statistical significance of the difference, with values below 0.05 marked in Bold Italic to denote significance. When compared to the ground truth cloud labels (g) shown in Figure 8, the results in (c) reveal that all the models except the model trained with NGR data mistakenly classified a clear sky area as a light cloud in the lower-left portion of the satellite image. In contrast, (e) and (f), where TOA correction was applied, exhibited less over-detection of dense clouds compared to that of the other datasets. This indicates that the TOA correction contributed to improving cloud detection accuracy and reducing unnecessary false positives.