# Alkaline Extraction of Organomineral Potassium Humate from Coal Mining Waste
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Characteristics of the Obtained Potassium Humate  
The results of a comprehensive study of the composition and structure of the obtained potassium humate are given below. Based on chemical and elemental-weight analysis, carbon and potassium oxide were found to occupy a predominant share (Tables 6 and 7, Figure 9). The content of impurity compounds such as aluminum, silicon and iron oxides decreased significantly. This wasdue to the fact that they passed into the washing alkaline solution during extraction. The production of potassium humate with this composition can be used in the form of fertilizers and plant growth stimulants. organic part of the resulting product and describe its organic structure, an IR spectral analysis was performed on the Shimadzu IR-Prestige 21 device (Table 8, Figure 10). The results of IR-Fourier spectroscopy established that the wave numbers between 3400 and 3300 cm\({}^{-1}\) werecharacteristic of hydroxyl groups, mainly interconnected by hydrogen bonds. The same opinion washed by scientists in otherworks [26]. Nitrogen-containing compounds in the structure of humic acid were determined at maxima with values of 3200-3100 cm\({}^{-1}\). According to other data, nitrogen-containing compounds in these absorption regions shows the presence of amides and amines with hydrogen bonds [27]. Absorption peaks in the region of 1650-1531 cm\({}^{-1}\) are characterized by carboxyl groups. In other studies [26; 28; 29], this value indicates aromatic stretching of the phenolic ring, and the presence of carboxylate anions \(\rm{v_{C\text{-O}}}\). It is also necessary to take into account the fact that quinones are characterized in the same area [29]. Valence fluctuations of hydroxyl groups of the aliphatic series in the absorption region of 1150-1000 cm\({}^{-1}\) are also noticeable. The following absorption peaks correspond to inorganic compounds and impurity elements in the composition of coal mining waste. For example, 975-900, 795-750 cm\({}^{-1}\)correlate to Si-O valence vibrations, and 660-420 cm\({}^{-1}\) to Si-O-Al val  
Figure 10: IR spectra of potassium humate. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline
**No.** & **Peak** & **Intensity** & **Corr. Intensity** & **Base (H)** & **Base (L)** & **Area** & **Corr. Area** \\ \hline
1 & 601.79 & 72.808 & 0.759 & 609.51 & 597.93 & 1.576 & 0.033 \\
2 & 648.08 & 63.858 & 1.094 & 651.94 & 613.36 & 6.041 & 0.039 \\
3 & 667.37 & 61.698 & 0.910 & 675.09 & 675.80 & 3.933 & 0.062 \\
4 & 682.80 & 61.226 & 1.322 & 871.82 & 675.09 & 31.869 & 1.708 \\
5 & 883.40 & 79.655 & 0.946 & 914.26 & 871.82 & 3.960 & 0.052 \\
6 & 937.40 & 79.228 & 4.267 & 1014.56 & 914.26 & 7.291 & 0.718 \\
7 & 1072.42 & 81.501 & 9.272 & 1103.28 & 1018.41 & 5.402 & 1.765 \\
8 & 1153.43 & 85.666 & 4.698 & 1195.87 & 1118.71 & 4.407 & 0.994 \\
9 & 1643.35 & 82.088 & 13.154 & 1739.79 & 1566.20 & 8.961 & 5.333 \\
10 & 3240.41 & 74.757 & 0.327 & 3244.27 & 2916.37 & 25.535 & 0.744 \\
11 & 3263.56 & 74.475 & 0.114 & 3271.27 & 3248.13 & 2.945 & 0.009 \\
12 & 3332.99 & 74.218 & 0.053 & 3336.85 & 3302.13 & 4.473 & 0.009 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Peaks of the IR spectra of potassium humate. The results of the X-ray diffraction analysis carried out on the D8 Advance (Bruker) device in order to describe the inorganic structure of the extraction potassium humate are shown in Figure 11.  
The diffractogram shown in the figure shows that the inorganic part of potassium humate contained minerals such as kalcinite 57.6% and buetschlite 32.5%, as well as quartz 9.9%. The presence of minerals such as kalcinite and buetschlite, which are well soluble in water, indicates the reaction between coal mining waste and an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. The ecological and socio-economic advantages of using coal mining waste for the extraction of potassium humates is to improve the ecological situation of the Lenger by utilizing these technogenic resources. In addition, Lenger is located in the Turkestan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where agriculture is very developed.