); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.T.)  
[PERSON]  
1 College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (WJH); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (G.J. : [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.T.)  
[PERSON]  
1 College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (WJH); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (G.J. : [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.T.)  
[PERSON]  
1 College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang Universityan increase in extreme weather events, resulting in unprecedented losses to terrestrial vegetation, with drought having a particularly severe impact [9; 10]. Therefore, assessing the losses inflicted upon terrestrial vegetation by drought and the subsequent recovery of vegetation after drought is an essential issue that cannot be overlooked. Currently, under the trend of climate warming, drought events are becoming increasingly frequent [11]. Prolonged insufficient precipitation and extended high temperatures can lead to severe atmospheric moisture deficits, resulting in accelerated rates of water loss from vegetation and soil [12]. This can seriously affect the efficiency of vegetation water use, limiting its normal activity [13; 14]. If vegetation remains in this state for a prolonged period, its risk of death increases [15; 16]. Research on the impact of drought on vegetation has been carried out at both the regional and global levels, mainly using long time series data to analyze the changes in vegetation under drought stress. As is seen in the analysis by [PERSON] et al., which examined the impact of meteorological drought (SPEI) and soil moisture (SM) on global vegetation greenness (SIF) and productivity (NPP) from 2001 to 2020 [17]. [PERSON] et al. and [PERSON] et al. conducted studies on the probability of drought stress-induced vegetation loss in China and Central Asia, respectively, using SPEI and NDVI [18; 19]. [PERSON] et al. and [PERSON] et al. each analyzed the cumulative and lag effects of drought on vegetation in Central Asia using long-term time series data [20; 21]. Previous research focused more on the effects of long-term climate change on vegetation [10; 22]. However, drought often occurs more severely in a certain year, and the degree of vegetation loss during this period may be greater. As a result, monitoring and assessing vegetation changes (degree of vegetation loss and recovery time) during a period or year when drought is more severe needs to be enhanced and supplemented. Various vegetation indices derived from remote sensing data are used for large-scale vegetation monitoring [23], and the ecological significance of these indices differs. Specifically, indices commonly used include the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) for vegetation greenness monitoring [24; 25], the fraction of vegetation cover (FVC) for monitoring vegetation coverage after NDVI transformation [26], the gross primary production (GPP) and net primary production (NPP) for monitoring vegetation productivity and carbon storage [27; 28], and the leaf area index (LAI) for monitoring canopy structure [29; 30]. In utilizing these indices with varying ecological significance for vegetation monitoring and assessment, different outcomes are often observed [31; 32]. In addition, different indices may also differ when characterizing the same ecological significance [33; 34]. Overall, the diversity of index definitions, research periods, and other factors can all contribute to the uncertainty of vegetation change assessments [35; 36]. The establishment of a novel index for vegetation assessment based on the ecological significance of different indices is warranted.