## 5 Conclusions  
This article demonstrated how a trial as a user-driven innovation approach can support technology providers to effectively bridge the gap between research and practice in order to support a sustainable and demand-oriented R&D in the field of crisis management. The introduced imaging and analysis system composed of the modules \"KeepOperational\" and \"ZKI\" aimed at providing contextual route planning and extend situational awareness based on disaster information derived through aerial image processing. During a two-day trial conducted in May 2019, both components of DLR's interdisciplinary \"Airborne and Terrestrial Situational Awareness\" system were assessed positively by experienced crisis managers to support disaster response tasks in a large-scale flooding scenario. Specifically, the added value of the automated processing chain from the rapid acquisition of situational awareness information to a traffic management application has successfully been proven. Nonetheless, the trial has revealed a special need to invest further research efforts into the rapid provision of detailed 3D geo-information to effectively support disaster management and improve support capacities of both modules. One motivation for the simultaneous provision of 2D and 3D map information was to gain additional insights into differences in use cases and support capabilities subject to user affiliations, tasks, or prior local knowledge with respect to the application's dimension in emergency response. Even though task-dependent differences could be demonstrated on a general level, none of these topics could be investigated further from the data collected in the trial. Practitioners felt overwhelmed and lacked sufficient experience with the map products to selectively choose the most appropriate version depending on their tasks and to grasp full potential from the products provided. This creates additional research opportunities for the geospatial community with the aim to apply the strength of either 2D or 3D more purposefully and task oriented in the context of CM. Multiple innovative technologies were selected in the trial \"The Netherlands\" to reach the overarching goal of closing three capability gaps at once. As it is very unlikely that a single solution is found that matches perfectly with an experienced shortcoming in the individual CM processes, trial preparation requires a joint exchange between practitioners, technology providers, and trial staff to adapt the setup, solution(s), or even CM processes accordingly in order to succeed. Allowing for interaction between multiple technologies to close the trial gaps not only demonstrated the power of the net-centric approach to exploit the full innovative potential of the technologies used; it further promoted the discovery of new, interdisciplinary approaches. From a technology provider's perspective, this improved dialog at all levels, but especially between potential users and technical research in the context of an emerging need, has potential to make a major contribution that innovative ideas will find their way into practice more effectively. However, this rather complex setup impedes evaluation and the ability to draw informed conclusions on a single technology, since there is no distinct separation. From a trial organizer's perspective, focusing on multiple gaps in a broad-based scenario that included various stakeholders and interests simultaneously has been a very ambitious goal. According to our experience, we recommend narrowing the trial objective. Emphasizing a single gap, single solution, or a system-of-system setup as an entity in the trial eases evaluation and may help to obtain more explicit results. Nonetheless, participating in a trial event proved to be rewarding overall for CM practitioners as well as technology providers. The close collaboration, exchange of knowledge, and ideas for further development has been an inspiring experience. The results of DRIVER+ show a promising way forward on how to effectively approach innovation in CM.