## 3 Results and Discussion
### Other Substances
#### 3.1.6 Other Variables
[112] studied the difference in power levels obtained on the WAT with and without the use of carbon templates in the course of which they obtained no significant differences in PP or PM;
* [PERSON] et al. [113] found no significant differences in performing the WAT with either mouth or nose breathing;
* [PERSON] et al. [114] studied the influence of variations in bicycle seat angle of 72\({}^{\circ}\) or 82\({}^{\circ}\) on muscle activation and power generation of experienced cyclists. Although quadriceps and hamstring activation varied, power levels were not modified by the change in angulation. For their part, [PERSON] et al. [115] studied the effect of adjusting the height of the saddle on power levels obtained on the WAT, concluding that the knee angle of 25 to 35\({}^{\circ}\) makes it possible to reach higher levels more safely than at other angles;
* [PERSON] [116] and [PERSON] et al. [117] studied the effect of dehydration on WAT performance. While in his thesis, [PERSON] found no decrease in performance in passively dehydrated subjects by 2 to 4 and 5%, [PERSON] et al. also found no decrease in power in the WAT conducted on 15 healthy dehydrated subjects;
* A systematic review was recently published that studied the effect of music on WAT performance, concluding that although it appears that it may help to improve PP and MP, more studies are needed to corroborate this claim [118];
* As far as the effect of temperature and humidity is concerned, there were no significant differences in PP when the WAT was performed under three different environmental conditions (neutral (22-23 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 55-60% relative humidity), hot-dry (38-39 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 25-30% relative humidity), and hot-humid (30 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 85-90% relative humidity) [119];
* [PERSON] et al. [81] studied the effect of compression garments on WAT performance. They recorded a significant improvement in MP but not in PP or FI in a study on basketball players;
* [PERSON] et al. [120] studied the effect of a Mediterranean diet, compared to a Western diet, on WAT performance in the short term. They compared the differences in performance of 11 active subjects following 4 days of the Mediterranean diet or 4 days of the Western diet. Although they obtained significant differences in aerobic tests (also analysed in the study), they failed to obtain any improvements in the power levels reached in the WAT;
* [PERSON] et al. [121] studied the effect of 10 days of intermittent fasting on WAT performance, finding a decrease in PP in fasting subjects;
* [PERSON] et al. [122] did not observe any significant differences in power levels recorded, although they did so in the total work carried out and in physiological values such as lactate concentrations, following 4 weeks without ingesting carbohydrates or one week with a carbohydrate load;
* The size of the chain or chainring used is also a variable that may modify the results obtained in the WAT. [PERSON] et al. [125] compared results obtained in the test on 20 trained men with two different plate sizes, obtaining significant differences between both;
- The application of different stretching techniques before performing the WAT was also studied by [PERSON] et al. [126] in 15 male participants, with decreases in power levels being observed as well as in the time needed to reach PP after stretching. [PERSON] also found a significant decrease in PP performing static stretching before WAT [127];
- [PERSON] et al. [128] compared a classical warm-up with a full-body vibration warm-up without obtaining any significant differences, although they point out the importance of studying the effect of different types of vibration in greater depth;
- With the development of new cyclo-ergometers that record power data more comprehensively, it was possible to change the protocol by eliminating the output used. In the usual protocol, the WAT test commences with a moving start of around 60 rpm against low resistance, and then the load is quickly established.