## 3 Results
### Changes in Oral Health Habits of Young Patients with Hemophilia
According to the questionnaires collected from the subjects, 25% of the mixed dentition group used dental floss at the initial visit (Figure 3A). In all subsequent years, the rate of dental floss use increased from the initial visit, especially in the third and fourth years, when more than half used dental floss. Regarding toothbrushing by parents of subjects in the mixed dentition group, 50% (4 of 8 parents) reported brushing their child's teeth daily at the first visit, while 37.5% (3 of 8) reported that they rarely or never brushed their child's teeth. In the second year, the percentage of parents who brushed their child's teeth daily \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Stage** & **Clinical Information** & **1 st Visit** & **2 nd Visit** & **3 rd Visit** & **4 th Visit** & **5 th Visit** \\ \hline Number of subjects & 8 & 6 & 8 & 9 & 11 \\ Sex (male:female) & 8:0 & 6.0 & 8:0 & 9:0 & 11:0 \\ Average age & 8:878M & 8710M & 8710M & 8710M & 879M \\ Hemophilia type (A:B) & 7:1 & 5.1 & 6.2 & 7:2 & 8:3 \\ Onset age & 8.3M & 6.8M & 6.6M & 6.7M & 3.1M \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 5) & (n = 7) & (n = 7) & (n = 7) \\ Recent clotting factor activity & 3.4\% & 2.3\% & 5.0\% & 4.3\% & 9.0\% \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 3) & (n = 5) & (n = 6) \\ Number of participations in comprehensive outpatient & 5.5 & 8.0 & 5.5 & 5.3 & 7:3 \\ clinic for children with hemophilia & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 6) & (n = 7) & (n = 8) \\ Subjects with current preliminary and regular & 8.0 & 6:0 & 6.2 & 9:0 & 9:1 \\ replacement therapy (presence:absence) & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 10) \\ Number of visits to family physicians per year & 5.3 \(\pm\) 4.3 & 2.8 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 4.2 \(\pm\) 3.2 & 4.1 \(\pm\) 4.0 & 8.5 \(\pm\) 4.8 \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 11) \\ Mixed dentition & Explanation about importance of regular dental & 1:7 & 2+4 & 6.2 & 5.3 & 7:0 \\  & checkup from family physicians (presence:absence) & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 7) \\ Frequency of brushing (every day:several times a week: rarely:never) & 8:0:0:00 & 6:0:00 & 8:0:00 & 11:0:00 \\  & week: rarely:never & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\ Number of times to brush teeth per day & 2.1 \(\pm\) 0.6 & 2.3 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 2.3 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 2.1 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 1.7 \(\pm\) 0.8 \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\  & Frequency of brushing by parents (every day:several times a week: rarely:never) & 4:1:12 & 3:0:1 & 6:1:0 & 8:0:10 & 8:2:10 \\  & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\ Fluoride application (dental clinic and homedental clinic: homedental clinic: homedental clinic: homedetence) & 24:1:11 & 5:1:00 & 4:2:20 & 4:4:10 & 6:3:20 \\  & Experience of tooth brushing instruction & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\  & (presence:absence) & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\  & & & & & & & \\ Presence of attending a family dentist & 7:1 & 6:0 & 8:0 & 9:0 & 10:1 \\  & (presence:absence) & (n = 8) & (n = 6) & (n = 8) & (n = 9) & (n = 11) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Responses to the questionnaire of young patients with hemophilia in the mixed dentition.