# Mechanical Design and Testing of Mobile Monitoring Units for Security Systems
###### Abstract
In addition to the monitoring of the environment and smart agriculture, for the purposes of protecting nature, mobile monitoring systems for endangered animals have also been developed [24]. However, mobile monitoring systems have been used not only for the monitoring of the environment. One interesting application of mobile systems is for the monitoring of roads [25], transportation infrastructure [26], construction [27] and construction sites [28], or diesel tanks [29]. With the arrival of the pandemic and the unavailability of conventional healthcare during that period, global research has become more focused on the development of mobile and remote health monitoring systems [30; 31; 32], involving, for example, patients with cardiovascular problems [33] or [PERSON]'s disease [34]. Research has also been directly focused on COVID-19 [35] and related screenings [36]. Seniors and elderly people were the most vulnerable group during the pandemic [37; 38], and many IoT-based systems have been developed directly for them. The obtained knowledge was consequently applied to support workers [39], and especially lone workers [40], to monitor sport training [41] or even children's activities in kindergartens [42]. Another interesting example involves research dealing with the disparities in pollutant exposure and health burdens existing among urban and rural areas, with the data collected by a taxi-based mobile monitoring system [43]. Regarding the pandemic, the necessity to protect vulnerable groups, such as seniors or patients with serious diseases living in facilities, has arisen. On the other hand, it was also necessary to secure facilities for infected patients or groups of people in quarantine with a high probability of infection. For these applications, many financial and human resources were necessary, because nowadays, security systems are, in general, used to detect and prevent false alarm situations within protected areas of interest, such as buildings or objects, and usually, security systems are chosen and designed directly for the monitoring of that area of interest. Therefore, they are not mobile or portable. Their primary function is to ensure safety by providing advance notifications of potential dangers or enabling timely responses in the event of an incident, thereby minimizing losses. Currently, the most challenging topic in security is cyber security. Therefore, research in the field of security systems is often interconnected with cyber security [44], as many of the security and monitoring systems have been a part of IoT systems [45] and use wireless sensor networks [46; 47], Bluetooth technology [48] or LoRa technology [49], as multi-sensor data fusion [50] and sensor arrays [51] are the most effective methods for the design of security systems. Many of the security sensors can be used only in indoor environments, even in the form of mobile monitoring systems [52]. Furthermore, as it was mentioned above, security monitoring systems are usually designed for the specific area of interest, even if the mobile robots are part of these systems [53]. Research in the area of monitoring and security systems has been mainly focused on the sensors themselves [54], IoT integration [55], big data collection and analysis [56] or energy consumption [57]. Only very few research groups have focused on the development of mobile monitoring systems [58] and systems for the monitoring of people [59]. However, if we consider the fluctuation of infectious disease outbreaks, the goal of our research was to design and develop a mobile monitoring and security system [60], to protect isolated and at-risk population groups from the spread of viral diseases. In this article, one very important part of our research, the mechanical design and construction of the mobile monitoring units, is presented.