# Context-Based Model for Browsing the Web Through Voice
## 8 Conclusions  
This article proposed a context-based model for web browsing through voice, intended for people affected by the inequality caused by the digital divide. Specifically, for people with some degree of illiteracy or digital illiteracy, older adults, and people with visual or motor disabilities. Unlike other solutions, such as virtual assistants and even common search tools, this proposal takes into account the user's context, the web page's context, and the search string to obtain the results that best fit the user's interests. The methodology used in this proposal is a hybrid, combining the traditional waterfall methodology with an incremental development approach. Since our proposal seeks to facilitate web browsing, we relied on the analysis of related works and the ISO IEEE 29148-2018 and ISO 9241-11 standards to identify the functions and requirements of virtual assistants and web browsing tools. As a result, six main functions, ten functional requirements, and three usability requirements were identified. To validate the proposed model, a prototype was developed in the form of an application intended for a mobile device (tablet) with Android operating system. The prototype generally met most of the requirements positively, fully offering five of the six basic browsing functionalities proposed. The only functionality that was not fully fulfilled was the ability to navigate within a web page using voice commands, as the prototype cannot interact with some objects that generate events, such as checkboxes or embedded media. However, it was possible to implement browsing between sections of a web page and vertical scrolling on the page. The prototype was tested by users with different educational levels and experience in using virtual assistants in order to obtain a wider range of answers. The evaluation was carried out using two instruments to measure the level of user satisfaction with respect to the results obtained in a search and the comfort perceived by users when using  
Figure 17: Average match rate of results per tool. the prototype. In both cases, the results were quite positive. Also, a comparison of our prototype with the most popular web browser was carried out to analyze the impact of context on web search results. These obtained results suggest that our prototype offers competitive results, and even more suitable according to the user profile. Also, the tests carried out revealed that users maintain a strong connection with conventional browsing methods that involve the use of hardware, such as computer mouse, keyboard, and touchscreen, to interact with devices. This bias was clearly reflected in their comments and suggestions during the prototype evaluation. Despite this deep-rooted preference, it is noteworthy that our prototype was well received by users, as suggested by the graphs of usability and satisfaction results. It is important to mention that our proposal presents significant differences compared to tools that use voice interfaces, such as virtual assistants. While virtual assistants focus on providing a wide range of services and functions, from performing everyday tasks, such as setting reminders and sending messages, to interacting with smart devices in the home using preset commands, the proposal described in this article has a different approach. It seeks to provide content of genuine interest to the user, in audible and graphic format, by actively analyzing web pages for matching with the user's context and request. Additionally, the proposal includes the ability to browse results and web pages using flexible voice commands. This feature facilitates accessibility for those who are not familiar with current information technologies, which contributes to the reduction in the digital divide. The first prototype validated the requirements and functionalities for voice navigation, laying the groundwork for future prototypes that aspire to make a significant contribution to bridging the digital divide.