# Distribution and Prediction of Incremental Cutter Flank Wear in High-Efficiency Milling
## 2 Milling Cutter Tooth Flank Feature Point-Selection Method  
In order to reveal the distribution of contact stiffness and incremental wear between the cutter tooth and the machined transition surface of the workpiece during the cutting process, the experiment of cutting titanium alloy (Ti6 Al4V) with a high-feed cemented carbide milling cutter was carried out, and is reported in this paper. The experimental scheme is shown in Table 1, and a picture of the cutting experiment scene is shown in Figure 1a. The machine model was VDL-1000E (three-axis milling machining center), and the milling method was climb-milling. The cutting tool employed in the experiment is an F2330.Z25 high-feed milling cutter (produced by Walter). During the experiment, the signal sensor was attached to the different surfaces of the workpiece along the X, Y, and Z directions. The vibration test system and vibration acceleration signal are shown in Figure 1b,c, and the cutter tooth was a P26339R14 indexable blade (produced by Walter), as shown in Figure 1d. Figure 1: High-feed milling cutter: cutting and cutting acceleration signal measurement experiment. (**a**) Cutting experiment; (**b**) signal measurement experiment; (**c**) vibration acceleration signal; (**d**) milling cutter and cutter tooth construction. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Cutting Velocity** **(m/min)** & **Spindle Speed** **(rpm)** & **Milling Depth** **(mm)** & **Feed Rate** **(mm/min)** & **Milling Width** **(mm)** & **Milling Stroke** **(m)** \\ \hline
115 & 1143 & 0.5 & 500 & 16 & 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Experimental scheme. In Figure 1a,d, \(O\)-\(XYZ\) is the workpiece co-ordinate system; \(\alpha_{c}\)-\(u_{c}v_{c}w_{c}\) is the co-ordinate system of the cutter tooth structure. The point \(\alpha_{c}\) is a point on the intersection of the plane where the lowest point of the cutter tooth structure is located and the plane where the end face of the cutter tooth is located. The vertical line of the end face is taken as the projection surface along the \(z\)-axis direction of the workpiece. The \(u_{c}\)-axis passes through the intersection of the plane where the lowest point of the cutter tooth structure is located and the plane where the end face of the cutter tooth is located. \(\alpha_{d}\)-\(u_{d}\)\(\alpha_{d}\)\(\omega_{d}\) is the milling cutter structure co-ordinate system; \(D_{t}\) is the tool diameter. \(L_{t}\) is the length of the milling cutter, \(l_{c}\) is the length of the cutter teeth, and \(h_{c}\) is the height of the cutter teeth. The motion trajectory and attitude of the milling cutter and its cutter teeth directly affect the contact relationship between the cutter teeth and the workpiece, thus affecting the change in the contact stiffness and incremental wear of the flank. In order to reveal the dynamic tool-workpiece relationship under vibration, a dynamic cutting process model is established, as shown in Figure 2, and the material and structural parameters of the milling cutter and the workpiece are shown in Table 2.  
After determining the structure of the high-feed milling cutter and the structure of the cutter tooth, it is necessary to analyze the structure of the cutter tooth flank. The geometric model of the projection of the cutter tooth flank in the \(u_{c}\)-\(\alpha_{c}\)-\(v_{c}\) direction in the cutter tooth co-ordinate system is given in Figure 3. Among them, the width of the flank projection is 10.7 mm, and the height is 3.98 mm. Make a dividing line along the vertical projection direction of the cutting edge of the cutter tooth, divide it into 42 equal-width distances on average, and make a dividing line parallel to the projection direction of the cutting edge.