###### Abstract
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Sources** & **Dose Ranges** & **World Averages** \\ \hline Inhalation (Rn-222) & 0.20–10.00 & 1.26 \\ Cosmic Rays & 0.30–1.00 & 0.39 \\ Terrestrial Gamma Rays & 0.30–1.00 & 0.48 \\ Ingestion (K-40) & 0.20–1.00 & 0.29 \\ \hline Total & 1.00–13.00 & 2.40 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Annual effective doses of natural background radiation millisieverts [2; 3]. Figure 1: Natural background radiation levels in different regions of the world (annual average natural radiation, mSv) [3]. of radioactive pollution in a given region, it is essential to establish baseline measurements of environmental radioactivity before contamination occurs. Regular monitoring of radioactivity levels allows for the tracking of changes over time and the detection of potential pollution. Therefore, conducting routine activity measurements in regions with high radioactive contamination is crucial for public health. Establishing baseline radioactivity levels is essential for determining potential risks and tracking changes over time. Many studies have assessed background radiation levels in various regions, including cities, such as Artvin-Ardahan [13], Osmaniye [14], Rize [15], Kars [16], Gumushane [17], Kayseri [18], Kilis [19], and Edirne [20]. However, no comprehensive study has yet been conducted on Mardin province, a region of historical and cultural significance in southeastern Turkiye. Given the importance of natural radioactivity assessments in public health and environmental safety, it is crucial to fill this gap in research. While similar methodologies have been applied in other regions, no study has specifically focused on Mardin province. This research applies established radiological assessment methods to Mardin, providing updated spatial data and a reference point for future studies on naturally occurring radioactivity in the region  
Mardin's geological characteristics make it an important location for evaluating natural radioactivity. The region's soil and rock formations contain varying concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides, which can contribute to external and internal radiation exposure through inhalation, ingestion, and direct radiation. The determination of natural radioactivity levels in soil samples from this region will help in assessing the radiological risks associated with environmental exposure. This study aims to systematically evaluate natural radioactivity levels in Mardin and assess the associated radiological risks. Key radiological hazard indices, including radium equivalent (Raeq), air-absorbed gamma dose rate (DR), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), and external radiation hazard index (Hex), will be used to quantify potential health impacts. By comparing these findings with data from other regions in Turkiye and worldwide, this study will provide valuable insights into the radiation hazards in Mardin and contribute to future research on naturally occurring radioactivity. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for environmental and public health authorities in developing radiation protection strategies. Additionally, the results will contribute to the scientific literature by providing baseline data for future studies in the region. Given the increasing importance of monitoring environmental radiation, particularly in areas with high geological variability, such research is essential for ensuring long-term radiation safety and public health protection.