## 1 Introduction  
In seismic engineering, the shaking table test can genuinely reproduce the earthquake process by loading actual seismic records and is the most direct method for studying the seismic response and failure mechanism of structures. Meanwhile, many large and complex structures use shaking table tests to study and evaluate the seismic performance of structures [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6]. However, large-span structures located in mountain areas might need some help simulating seismic wave input due to the limitations of shaking table performance when using shaking table tests to study the seismic response of some unique structures, as shown in Figure 1. First, for large-span structures, due to the limited propagation speed of seismic waves, there will be significant time delays when seismic waves reach different supports of the structure, which are the traveling wave effects. At the same time, traveling wave effects can lead to different acceleration peaks and phases at different locations of the structure, significantly affecting the seismic response of various structures [7; 8; 9; 10; 11]. Therefore, some scholars have used shaking table arrays to simulate this effect in experiments for long-span structures which were affected by traveling wave effects [12; 13; 14; 15]. Since the shaking table array was arranged on the same horizontal plane, the shaking table array was generally used in the testing of large-span structures with supports at the same horizontal plane. However, there needed to be more test cases for large-span structures in mountainous areas with significant height differences between supports.  
Second, for the mountain buildings shown in Figure 1, the slope amplification effect of the cliff where some structural supports were located on the seismic wave plays a vital role in the seismic performance analysis of the structure [16; 17; 18]. Therefore, it was necessary to consider amplifying the seismic waves inputted at some supports when conducting shaking table tests on such structures to ensure the accuracy and rationality of the tests. However, there were no relevant research results on simulating the slope amplification effect at the support of structural parts in shaking table tests.  
In summary, the study of the influence of the traveling wave effect and slope amplification effect in shaking table tests of large-span mountain structures can further improve the fidelity of shaking table tests, which is essential for improving the seismic resilience, optimizing design strategies, and enhancing the safety and performance of these structures. Based on the delay effect of viscous dampers on seismic wave acceleration peaks [18] and the amplification effect of high-rise structures on seismic wave acceleration [19; 20; 21; 22], this paper proposed an experiment to make up for the shortcomings in the simulation of traveling wave effects and slope amplification effects proposed above in shaking table tests. In detail, a high-rise structure with viscous dampers was designed through finite element analysis to delay and amplify seismic waves following the original structural characteristics and building site conditions for the shaking table test of a large-span structure in the mountain area shown in Figure 1. Then, a dynamic scale model with a geometric similarity ratio of 1:40 was created based on the overall structure. By inputting white noise excitation into the model and simulating seismic waves, the seismic response of the model under the same seismic intensity before and after the seismic wave delay and amplification was tested and the test results were analyzed to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the test method for seismic wave delay and amplification.