# Advanced Rating Method of Airborne Sound Insulation
## 3 Measured and Calculated Values
### Sound Signals  
To quantify the sound insulation effect of different sound signals and to allow a numerical investigation of the results, a series of measurements were carried out. The influence using different signals was investigated via two categories of signals, namely, steady-state and non-steady-state signals.  
The steady-state signals are the broadband noise signals, \"pink noise\" (PN) and \"white noise\" (WN). These signals were chosen because they are recommended in the standards for measuring airborne sound insulation.  
The non-steady-state signals, i.e., the transient signals, were music samples, namely, rap ([PERSON]: \"Lose Yourself\") (E) and classic music ([PERSON]: Symphony Nr. 9: \"Poco Allegro, Stringendo Il Tempo, Sempre Piu Allegro--Prestissimo\") (B). This type of music has also been investigated earlier [15; 16; 17].  
Additionally, a sound sample called \"party sound\" was used as a source signal. This sound was a combination of people talking and laughing and dance music.  
The time spectra of the used signals are shown in Figure 1.  
For the investigated sound source signals, the psychoacoustic parameters loudness level and specific fluctuation strength were calculated, and the results are listed below in Table 2.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sound Sample** & \(L\) **(dB)** & \(L_{N}\) **(Phon)** & \(Fls^{\prime}\) **(Vacil)** \\ \hline White Noise & 85 & 98.5 & 0.0166 \\ Pink Noise & 85 & 99.1 & 0.0225 \\ Beethoven & 85 & 97.2 & 0.1182 \\ Eminem & 85 & 94.8 & 0.223 \\ Party Sound & 85 & 94.8 & 0.129 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Psychoacoustic factors of the unprocessed signals: sound pressure level (\(L\)), loudness level (\(L_{N}\)), and specific fluctuation strength (\(Fls^{\prime}\)) 1.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \(t\) **(mm)** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**70 mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**115 mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**150 mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**175 mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**240 mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**300 mm**} \\ \hline  & **Meas.** & **Calc.** & **Meas.** & **Calc.** & **Meas.** & **Calc.** & **Meas.** & **Calc.** & **Meas.** & **Calc.** & **Meas.** & **Calc.** \\ \hline \(R_{\text{tr}}\) (dB) & 43 & 42 & 46 & 45 & 54 & 51 & 56 & 54 & 60 & 59 & 63 & 63 \\ C (dB) & \(-1\) & \(-1\) & \(-1\) & 0 & \(-1\) & 0 & \(-1\) & \(-1\) & \(-1\) & \(-2\) & \(-1\) \\ \(C_{tr}\) (dB) & \(-5\) & \(-3\) & \(-4\) & \(-3\) & \(-5\) & \(-4\) & \(-5\) & \(-5\) & \(-5\) & \(-5\) & \(-5\) & \(-6\) \\ \hline \(m^{\prime}\) (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & 130 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{180} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{285} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{341} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{475} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{614} \\ \hline \(f_{c}\) (Hz) & - & 423 & - & 237 & - & 200 & - & 173 & - & 127 & - & 104 \\ \hline \(L_{nor}\) (-) & 1.029 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.969} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{1.057} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{1.064} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{1.025} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{1.018} \\ \hline \(w\) (-) & 1.047 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.996} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.889} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.858} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.841} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.889} \\ \hline \(L_{nor;w}\) (-) & 1.078 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.964} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.940} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.912} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.862} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.905} \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{1}\) The calculation of the respective airborne sound insulation was performed using the software INSUL 8.0.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Calculated \({}^{1}\) and measured \(R\)- and \(R_{w}\)- values, and related values. Signal: pink noise.