## 4 Discussion  
In this study, we introduced the user-friendly \"plug-and-play\" tool DPIA click&go to simplify the process of creating DPIAs. This tool streamlines the identification of risk sources, their categorization into subgroups and warranty objectives, the calculation of risk scores based on likelihood and potential harm, the subsequent formulation of TOMs, as well as the reassessment of the risks after the application of TOMs. Since these steps are typically the most labor-intensive and challenging, this semi-automated tool significantly reduces the workload and human power involved. In the context of our project, the customized DPIA click&go tool demonstrated remarkable efficiency, significantly expediting the DPIA creation process compared with the manual generation of a DPIA. This was evidenced by a comparative analysis of time and personnel requirements, as well as the identification of risks and mitigation strategies. The enhancement in DPIA generation efficiency was attributed to the tool's user-friendly frontend. This aspect was rigorously assessed using an SUS evaluation, which yielded consistently high ratings, all surpassing the threshold of 68. These results firmly establish that the tool indeed excels in delivering a user-friendly interface and experience. Due to internal data protection considerations, it was not possible to publish the institute's specific risks and TOMs, but the ones published and recommended by the BSI. It should be noted though that these do not reflect a complete data protection set that suffices the requirements of a full DPIA and thus have to be extended. In addition to the existing risks and TOMs in the tool, users have to add their own risks and TOMs from existing DPIAs to tailor them to their specific institutional and project needs and to be able to use the full potential of the tool. This customization part is particularly advantageous for users of one institute planning multiple projects with similar use cases all requiring DPIAs, as the risk and TOM pool is continuously extended. Hence, it is anticipated that the quality of DPIAs formulated by domain specialists lacking legal proficiency is enhanced due to the inherent suggestions of additional risks and corresponding TOMs provided by the tool, addressing potential oversights that might otherwise be overlooked. This, in turn, affords researchers more dedicated time for their primary undertakings while concurrently alleviating the responsibilities of the data protection expert. In our institutional context, this hypothesis was validated within the tumor board DPIA category, comparing DPIAs manually generated with those produced using the DPIA click&go tool. Due to the tool's dockerization and its database in MS Excel or Postgres, extensive coding knowledge is not necessary for its utilization. This makes it accessible and adaptable to various hospitals, institutes, and personnel dealing with patient data, who need to conduct thorough DPIAs. Since it became apparent that the GDPR would be enacted, and especially since the broad content became known, the topic of DPIAs has engaged other institutions, their researchers, and their legal experts. When situating the DPIA click&go tool within the literature, it is noteworthy that other authors have either focused on the formal description [14] or the mathematical abstraction of DPIAs [15] or presented a framework for a specific multilayer application [16]. Another paper introduces a framework to evaluate and generate DPIAs for existing, clinically utilized, and self-contained software solutions in accordance with GDPR guidelines [17]. Yet another offers a case study with a hypothetical project, guiding the step-by-step generation of a DPIA for a hypothetical healthcare-related project in collaboration with a legal expert and a project specialist [18]. To our knowledge, none of the aforementioned works provide an open-source \"plug-and-play\" framework that streamlines the DPIA process, especially for complex, networked projects in the healthcare sector.