## 3 System Model Overview
After the creation of the cluster, vehicles exchange the hello packet to calculate the \(V\) and nominate the \(HV\) in its vicinity, as shown in Figure 3(b). If there are several \(HV\) nominated in the cluster, then this information is forwarded to the RSU along with the cluster ID and vehicle ID. When RSU receives the information, it maintains that information in \(CIT\) and selects the vehicle that has a maximum value of \(V\) as \(HV\), as shown in Figure 3(c). Figure 5 shows that the interest packets start forwarding to the \(HV\). The \(HV\) receives the interest packet and satisfies them using the data packet. The \(HV\) satisfies the interest of the network. If the requested content is not available in the cluster, then the \(HV\) forwards the interest packet to RSU, and RSU sends the response using the data packet to \(HV\). Scenario 2: Dynamic Network topology

The vehicles are highly mobile nodes, and the topology changes frequently. The frequent communication link disruption creates a broadcasting storm and increases communication delay. The proposed scheme maintains several entries of nominated \(HV\) on RSU. Therefore, if a head vehicle moves out of the cluster, then, while leaving \(HV\), it sends the leave packet to the RSU. The leave packet contains entries of vehicle id and cluster id. While leaving the cluster, the \(HV\) whose \(v_{id}\) is \(5\), send its information to RSU. Now the RSU has the information of other \(HV\)s of that cluster. It therefore selects the alternative vehicle as new \(HV\) and informs other vehicles about the updated \(HV\) ID, as shown in Figure 6. Now, all interest packets start forwarding to new \(HV\)s and \(HV\) stats forwarding data packets in response. Figure 4: \(Cont\). Figure 4: Multihead Selection Scheme working. Figure 5: Interest Packet Broadcasting and Data Packet Forwarding in Proposed Scheme. ## 4 Simulation Setup

In this section, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with IBFS [10], COMP [15], and MCRP2 [29] routing protocols. The proposed scheme extended the hello packet header and uses novel \(CIT\) to eliminate the broadcasting on disruptive communication links. In the case of disruptive communication links, it uses \(CIT\) entries to select the alternative communication delay because there is no need to restart the \(HV\). It also reduces the c head vehicle selection process. The elimination of broadcasting on broken edges and transferring the head vehicle selection process from vehicles to RSU minimizes the network load and excessive packet flooding. The proposed scheme is simulated in ns2 tcl script, and its performance is measured using awk script. The parameters and specifications used during implementation are defined in Table 1. The simulation parameters are selected from the literature. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using four parameters. There parameters and results are explained below:

1. Packet Delivery Ratio \((PDR\%)\) PDR is a successful packet delivery between various vehicles. The core goal of the proposed scheme is to ensure successful communication. Equation (4) shows the percentage calculation of PDR. The total received message (\(M_{r}\)) is divided by total sent messages (\(M_{s}\)) in the cluster, by various consumer vehicles, and multiplied by 100 for the percentage. \[d_{i}=\sqrt{\left(d_{x2}-d_{x1}\right)^{2}+\left(d_{y2}-d_{y1}\right)^{2}} \tag{1}\]0 (4)
2. Communication Delay \((sec)\) This is the average time (\(t\)) taken by the packet that was generated from the source and reached the destination. The communication delay is calculated in seconds. The following Equation (5) shows the summation of the average time taken by packets in communication. \[d_{i}=\sqrt{\left(d_{x2}-d_{x1}\right)^{2}+\left(d_{y2}-d_{y1}\right)^{2}} \tag{1}\]1 (5)
3. Interest Drop Fraction \((IDF\%)\) The proposed scheme eliminates the broadcasting of disruptive communication links. Therefore, the interest packet drop fraction is minimum on an increasing number of vehicles.