## 3 Analysis and Results
### Distrito Tec Area
However, hospitals are very expensive infrastructures to build and run; hence, they usually have a metropolitan or regional radius of incidence in their planning processes (see Table 4). This section analyses what effects these planning processes have at the local level by measuring the average travel time by foot and bicycle to the closest public general hospital. Figure 15: Average time to the 5 closest public high schools travelling by foot. Figure 16 presents the average travel time by AGEB to the closest public general hospital by foot. The map shows that the number of destinations is extremely low, and within the Distrito Tec Area, there are no public general hospitals whatsoever. The surrounding areas of the polygon show a lack of destinations, with the only exceptions at the northeast area with two available hospitals and the southwest area with also two destinations. As a result of the lack of destinations available within Distrito Tec and in most surrounding areas, eight out of eleven AGEBs of the Distrito Tec's polygon require over a 31 min travel time to reach the closest destination. From the three AGEBs left, a travel time between 26 and 30 min is needed to reach the closest public general hospital. These results highlight that the location of hospitals follows metropolitan and regional planning processes, where access at the local scale is not relevant. Additionally, as seen in Figure 16, most of the hospitals tend to cluster. This has to do with the complementarity that one can give to others. A consequence of these localisation patterns is that travel distances from all neighbourhoods that do not have a nearby hospital are considerably high and demand motorised transport modes. From the previous results, it can be said that Distrito Tec Area is far from becoming a 15 minutes city, if people travel only by foot. Figure 17 shows the average travel time by AGEB to the closest public general hospital travelling by bike. In comparison to Figure 16, the travel times, both for Distrito Tec and the surrounding areas, drastically decrease. Nonetheless, many AGEBs still are beyond the 15 min parameter. In the Distrito Tec Area, six AGEBs require a 6-10 min travel time, three an 11-15 min travel time and two a 16-20 min travel time. As nine out of eleven AGEBs meet the parameters to access a public hospital in under 15 min of travel time, the Distrito Tec Area could be considered a 15 minutes city. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l} \hline \hline
**Type of Hospital** & **Regional** & **Urban** \\ \hline General Hospital (SSA) & 60 km (or max. 2 h) & population centre \\ General Hospital (IMSS) & 30 km to 200 km (or 30 min to 5 h) & 1 h to the population centre \\ Urban Health Centre (SSA) & 5 to 15 km (or 30 min) & 1 km (or max. 30 minutes) \\ Medical Unit (IS8 STE) & 30 to 60 min & 30 min \\ Medical Unit (IMSS) & 15 km (or 20 min) & 5 km (or 10 min) \\ Health Clinic (IS8 STE) & only local scope & 30 min \\ Hospital Clinic (ISSSTE) & 2 h max. & population centre \\ Regional Hospital (ISSTE) & 3 to 4 h & population centre \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Urban equipment regulatory system, recommended service radius. Source: Secretaria de Desarrollo Social (SEDESOL), 1999. Figure 16: Average time to the closest public general hospital travelling by foot. Here, it becomes evident that transport modes dramatically influence access levels and that the location and number of destinations are not the only relevant factors in terms of accessibility. There are two important lessons from the previous results. The first has to do with the importance that infrastructure at different scales has. One possible solution to improve the access to public general hospitals would be to increase the number of small clinics or medical centres throughout the city. By doing this, people could solve most of their basic health issues at local destinations and travel to large hospitals only when they have complications.