## 3 Results
### Anthropometric Characteristics of Older Persons
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variables** & **All, \(n\) = 350** & **Men, \(n\) = 165** & **Women, \(n\) = 185** & **\(p\)-Value** \\  & \(n\) (\%) & \(n\) (\%) & \(n\) (\%) & \(p\)-Value \\ \hline BMI (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & & & & \\ Mean & 29 (\(\pm\)SD = 5) & 28 (\(\pm\)SD = 4) & 31 (\(\pm\)SD = 6) & \\ Underweight & 2 (1) & 2 (1) & 0 (0) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Normal & 61 (17) & 33 (20) & 28 (15) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Overweight & 162 (46) & 94 (57) & 68 (37) & \\ Obese & 125 (36) & 36 (22) & 89 (48) & \\ \hline Waist (cm) & & & & \\ Mean & 91 (\(\pm\)SD = 12) & 88 (\(\pm\)SD = 11) & 93 (\(\pm\)SD = 13) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Normal & 151 (43) & 127 (78) & 24 (13) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Abdominal obesity & 199 (57) & 38 (23) & 161 (87) & \\ \hline WHR & & & & \\ Mean & 0.95 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.01) & 0.97 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.01) & 0.92 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.07) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Normal & 41 (12) & 18 (11) & 23 (12) & 0.658 \\ Abdominal obesity & 309 (88) & 147 (89) & 162 (88) & \\ \hline WHR & & & & \\ Mean & 0.58 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.08) & 0.55 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.07) & 0.60 (\(\pm\)SD = 0.09) & \(\leq\)0.0001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Normal & 7 (2) & 6 (4) & 1 (1) & 0.039 \({}^{*}\) \\ Abdominal obesity & 343 (98) & 159 (96) & 184 (99) & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \(n\) stands for frequency, % stands for percentage, * indicates significant differences. BMI stands for body mass index: normal (19 to 24.9 kg/m\({}^{2}\)), underweight (\(<\)18.5 kg/m\({}^{2}\)), overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m\({}^{2}\)), obesity (\(>\)30 kg/m\({}^{2}\)). WC stands for waist circumference: normal (\(<\)88 cm), abdominal obesity (\(>\)94 cm for men and \(>\)80 cm for women). WHR stands for waist-thj ratio: normal (\(<\)0.85), abdominal obesity (\(>\)0.90 for men and \(>\)0.85 for women). WHR stands for waist-to-height ratio: normal (\(<\)0.5), abdominal obesity (\(\geq\)0.5).  
\end{table} 
Table 2: \(Cont.\) \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variables** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Normotensive, \(n\) (\%)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Hypertensive, \(n\) (\%)**} \\ \hline  & **All** & **Male** & **Female** & **All** & **Male** & **Female** \\  & \(n\) = 189** & \(n\) = 87 & \(n\) = 102 & \(n\) = 161 & \(n\) = 78** & \(n\) = 83 \\ \hline BMI & & & & & \\ (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & & & & & \\ Normal & 37 (20) \({}^{*}\) & 20 (23) & 17 (17) \({}^{*}\) & 24 (15) \({}^{*}\) & 13 (17) & 11 (13) \({}^{*}\) \\ Overweight & 98 (52) & 53 (61) & 45 (44) & 64 (40) & 41 (52) & 23 (28) \\ Obesity & 52 (27) & 12 (14) & 40 (39) & 73 (45) & 24 (31) & 49 (59) \\ Underweight & 2 (1) & 2 (2) & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \hline Waist (cm) & & & & & \\ Normal & 91 (48) \({}^{*}\) & 71 (82) & 20 (20) \({}^{*}\) & 60 (37) \({}^{*}\) & 56 (72) & 4 (5) \({}^{*}\) \\ Abdominal obesity & 98 (52) & 16 (18) & 82 (80) & 101 (63) & 22 (28) & 79 (95) \\ \hline WHR & & & & & \\ Normal & 19 (10) & 6 (10) & 13 (13) & 22 (14) & 12 (15) & 10 (12) \\ Abdominal & 170 (90) & 81 (90) & 89 (87) & 139 (86) & 66 (85) & 73 (88) \\ Obesity & & & & & \\ \hline WHR & & & & & \\ Normal & 5 (3) & 4 (5) & 1 (1) & 2 (1) & 2 (3) & 0 (0) \\ Abdominal & 184 (97) & 83 (95) & 101 (99) & 159 (99) & 76 (97) & 83 (100) \\ obesity & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \(n\) stands for frequency, % stands for percentage, * indicates significant difference (\(p<0.05\)) between normotensive and hypertensive groups.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Comparison of anthropometric indices in men and women by blood pressure status. In Figure 1, ROC analyses for elevated SBP among men showed that the WC (AUC = 0.69, \(p\) = 0.001), WHtR (AUC = 0.66, \(p\) = 0.001) and BMI (AUC = 0.64, \(p\) = 0.002) were the largest and most significant as compared to WHR (AUC = 0.46, \(p\) = 0.363). On the other hand, no significant predictor was observed among men for elevated DBP with obesity indicators (WC, WHtR, WHR and BMI), Figure 2.  
Figures 3 and 4 demonstrate that the WC and WHtR were the greatest and most significant predictors of elevated SBP and DBP in women.