# Security Perception of IoT Devices in Smart Homes
## 3 Data Analysis and Results  
### IoT Device Use  
The participants were asked whether they were familiar with IoT devices like smart refrigerators, automatic A/C or heating systems, smart assistants, smart lighting, smart  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Sample Results** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{7}{*}{Age} & 18–24 years (46.7\%) \\  & 25–34 years (32.7\%) \\  & 35–44 years (12.1\%) \\  & 45–54 years (5.2\%) \\  & 55–64 years (2.0\%) \\  & 65+ years (1.3\%) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Gender} & Male (60.5\%) \\  & Female (38.9\%) \\  & Other (0.70\%) \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{Status} & Employed (48.4\%) \\  & Student (45.1\%) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Unemployed (3.6\%) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Retired (1.6\%) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Other (1.3\%) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Type of housing} & House (70.3\%) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Apartment building (29.7\%) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Area of living} & Rural (51.0\%) \\ \cline{1-1}  & Urban (49.0\%) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Sample of demographics (\(n=306\)).  
locks, smart alarms and sensors, IP cameras, and smart washing machines and dishwashers. They were also asked whether they owned any of these devices, and 40% of the participants reported owning at least one IoT device. Later on, participants were asked whether they wished to own any of these devices. The detailed statistics are presented in Table 2.  
In Figure 2, a percentage of participants in each of the four sections has been cumulated into a percentages scale. As can be seen from Table 2, the least owned devices were smart refrigerators and smart locks, and on the other hand, these were also the most wished for devices among participants who already had at least one IoT device. Users who did not have any IoT devices yet most wanted to use automatic A/C or heating systems and smart locks.  
We also asked the participants why they did not use IoT devices. The frequencies of this analysis are presented in Table 3. Mostly, the participants did not feel the need to use such devices, or the costs of installment were too high. Not a lot of participants were concerned about the security of IoT devices.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & **Have** & **Own a Device** & **Wish to Have a Device but Do Not Own Any** & **Wish to Have a Device and Has at Least One** \\  & **(\(n\) = 306)** & **(\(n\) = 121)** & **Device but Do Not Own Any** & **Least One** \\  & & & **Yet (\(n\) = 185)** & **Already (\(n\) = 121)** \\ \hline Smart refrigerator & 201 & 7 & 27 & 49 \\ \hline Automatic A/C or heating systems & 240 & 67 & 56 & 39 \\ \hline Smart assistants (Google Home, Alexa) & 230 & 49 & 17 & 27 \\ \hline Smart lighting & 196 & 54 & 32 & 41 \\ \hline Smart locks & 202 & 21 & 50 & 49 \\ \hline Smart alarms and sensors & 244 & 43 & 48 & 41 \\ \hline IP cameras & 231 & 45 & 36 & 42 \\ \hline Smart washing machines and dishwashers & 166 & 38 & 33 & 34 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Familiarity with IoT devices and use.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Reasons for Not Using IoT Devices**} & **Frequency** \\ \hline Excessive cost of installment & 60 \\ \hline Unfamiliarity with smart home devices & 22 \\ \hline Do not feel the need to use such devices & 95 \\ \hline Concerns about the security of IoT devices & 35 \\ \hline Resistance to new technologies & 8 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Sample of demographics (\(n\) = 185).