## 1 Introduction  
Stereolithography (SLA) is a flexible three-dimensional printing process for rapid prototyping, and it is a successful additive manufacturing (AM) technique for producing highly accurate components. It is a layer-by-layer process of producing parts from photosensitive resin exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light [1, 2]. An increasing number of materials have been created using SLA for a wide variety of applications, including soft robotic actuators, sensors, microfluidics devices and energy storage components [3, 4]. Among the various AM techniques, stereolithography (SLA) is the most popular for dental applications, offering the most remarkable accuracy and resolution, fine building details and a smooth surface finish [5]. Light-curing technology is now employed in more than 75% of dental 3D printing applications, and light-cured resins are often used in dentistry as fillers and restorative materials [6]. However, the stereolithographic (SLA) printing process's major drawback is the compromise in terms of accuracy and surface roughness. While SLA offers advantages in terms of flexibility and the ability to create complex dental structures, it may need to be improved in achieving the desired precision and smoothness of components [7]. Moreover, correctly selecting the process's printing variables to achieve the desired objectives may not be possible even for qualified users [8]. The printing parameters in SLA 3D printers present critical and challenging tasks for determining the dimensional accuracy and the surface roughness of the resulting parts [9]. Many researchers have previously made an effort to investigate the impacts of process factors, namely part orientation, layer thickness, laser power, scan pitch, scanning speed, spot overlap, hatch spacing, hatch style, hatch overcure and fill cure depth, on the dimensional accuracy in stereolithographic (SLA) printing of 3D objects [10; 11; 12; 13]. They examined these parameters' impact and relative importance for dimensional accuracy following mathematical models or numerical analysis for the resin shrinkage and distortion. They concluded that accuracy increases with increasing layer thickness, which is the most significant affecting parameter; also, part orientation factors effects significantly onto dimensional errors. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [14] employed the Taguchi approach in their experimental research to optimize the building parameters for a better stereolithographic surface finish. Their analyses considered the following build parameters--layer thickness, hatch spacing, hatch style, hatch overcure and fill cure depth--to improve the SLA part surface quality. It could be said that hatch spacing and fill cure depth significantly affect the surface finish, and low layer thickness gives minimum surface roughness. [PERSON] et al. [2] used a Taguchi experimental design with ANOVA to optimize five build parameters affecting SLA parts' accuracy: layer thickness, overcure, hatch space, blade gap and part position. It was concluded that the optimal build conditions corresponding to a small layer thickness had the greatest influence on accuracy. Other articles in the literature review examined the effects of the SLA process factors on various dimensional and geometrical features [15; 16; 17]. In order to optimize the printing factors, like layer thickness, hatch spacing, hatch overcure, hatch space, blade gap and part orientation, they used a neural network and a genetic algorithm for the analysis. Their studies indicated that for achieving minimum shrinkage and distortion and more dimensional accuracy, parameters such as a small layer thickness value, slight hatch overcure and medium-to-large hatch spacing are desirable. [PERSON] et al. [18] determined the optimum part deposition orientation to achieve minimum average surface roughness in stereolithography. An optimization technique based on trust region methods was used. Statistical analysis using the Taguchi method was employed by [PERSON] et al.