# Assessing and Priorities Delay Factors of Prefabricated Concrete Building Projects in China
## 5 Results and Analysis
### ANP Analysis  
The ANP method is applied for determining and prioritising the key risk factors for prefabricated construction based on the total influence matrix produced by Equation (3). Table 6 lists the influential weights of 7 dimensions and 24 delay factors that affect the schedule performance in the Chinese construction industry. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Dimension** & **Influential Weight** & **Ranking** & **Factor** & **Influential Weight** & **Ranking** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D1} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.11456} & \multirow{3}{*}{3} & F11 & 0.00018 & 16 \\  & & & F12 & 0.00026 & 14 \\  & & & F13 & 0.00026 & 15 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D2} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.23992} & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & F21 & 0.00016 & 17 \\  & & & F22 & 0.14886 & 3 \\  & & & F23 & 0.00006 & 19 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D3} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.11316} & \multirow{3}{*}{4} & F31 & 0.08545 & 6 \\  & & & F32 & 0.00466 & 9 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D4} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.08698} & \multirow{3}{*}{5} & F41 & 0.00005 & 20 \\  & & & F42 & 0.05462 & 7 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D5} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.05011} & \multirow{3}{*}{6} & F51 & 0.00074 & 13 \\  & & & F52 & 0.00003 & 21 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D6} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.36358} & \multirow{3}{*}{1} & F61 & 0.08933 & 5 \\  & & & F62 & 0.00225 & 10 \\  & & & F63 & 0.00121 & 12 \\  & & & F64 & 0.10703 & 4 \\  & & & F65 & 0.00222 & 11 \\  & & & F66 & 0.19158 & 2 \\  & & & F67 & 0.27701 & 1 \\  & & & F68 & 0.00014 & 18 \\  & & & F69 & 0.03391 & 8 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{D7} & \multirow{3}{*}{0.03169} & \multirow{3}{*}{7} & F71 & 0.00001 & 23 \\  & & & F72 & 0.00002 & 22 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & F73 & 0.00001 & 24 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Influential weights of dimensions and delay factors in prefabricated construction. Columns 2 and 3 of Table 6 indicate that the contractor-related category should be considered as the most important risk issue in scheduling management since its weight value accounts for 36% and ranks first among the dimensions. Figure 3 also illustrates that the factors under this dimension have the relative importance degrees, in terms of the values of \(r+c\). The results reveal that project managers also need to pay particular attention to the workforce-related risk indicators. To prioritiise the risk factors and identify the importance of each factor, a rank of all factors is created according to their final global weights and listed in the rightmost column. The factors under 'external conditions' rank 22 nd, 23 rd, and 24 th (the least influential factors). The DEMATEL-ANP analysis indicates that 'policy uncertainty' (F71),'severe weather' (F72), and 'energy and water supply failure' (F73) are the least influential elements for two reasons: (1) these issues rarely occur in comparison with other factors in prefabricated construction; and (2) new regulations and rules may experience a period before they come into force. Off-site production is rarely affected by poor weather conditions and on-site construction projects may still be progressing under the moderate weather conditions in China. For the major delay factors, this research strongly suggests giving the factors high priority and including them in the scheduling control. Factor 67, 'inefficient structural connections', is considered the most significant indicator due to having the highest global weight. Similarly, Figure 3 also indicates the major driving force for solving the construction delay issue is the time-saving in the assembly procedure. Advanced construction techniques could be introduced and visualisation platforms can be applied to predict potential construction issues. Moreover,'rehandling components' (F66) is shown to be more likely than 'lack of communication among participants' (F64) to result in poor scheduling performance within the contractor-related group. The issue that prefabricated components cannot be managed and placed in position on time results in a time-consuming procedure prior to the on-site assembly.