## 1 Introduction  
Fourier-transform imaging spectroscopy (FTIS) technology is based on the two-beam interference principle, where spectral information from the object plane is converted into an interferogram through optical Fourier transformation, and hyperspectral data are subsequently retrieved via interferogram inversion [1]. With the rapid advancement of spectroscopy, fields such as atmospheric environmental monitoring, water quality assessment, and mineral exploration increasingly demand higher spectral resolution from interferometric spectrometers [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. In FTIS systems, spectral resolution is fundamentally determined by the maximum optical path difference (OPD), while the OPD sampling interval governs the operational spectral range. FTIS implementations can be categorized by modulation type:temporally modulated FTIS (TMFTIS), spatially modulated FTIS (SMFTIS), and temporally and spatially modulated FTIS (TSMFTIS). TMFTIS relies on the mechanical scanning of a moving mirror. TMFTIS imposes stringent requirements on the precision and stability of its moving mirror control system, making large-stroke reciprocating mirror motion challenging to implement [8; 9; 10]. To enhance the maximum effective OPD, researchers have employed cube-corner mirror motion to fold interference paths, thereby multiplying optical path lengths. However, this approach increases optical system complexity, introduces lateral shift and vibration-induced errors during mirror motion, and amplifies these errors with increasing folding cycles [11; 12]. Additionally, novel interferometer designs--such as corner reflector interferometers, swing interferometers, and rotating parallel-mirror interferometers--have been proposed to reduce sensitivity to motion errors [13; 14; 15]. Nevertheless, constraints in uniformity, stability, and size/weight limitations further restrict the maximum achievable OPD. SMFTIS and TSMFTIS face inherent trade-offs between spectral resolution and coverage due to channel quantity limitations [1; 16]. Although these systems exhibit superior mechanical stability, their relatively low resolution significantly hinders applications in high-precision remote sensing. Consequently, there is an urgent need for spectral super-resolution methods that maintain system stability and interferogram uniformity while remaining universally applicable to conventional FTIS architectures. The Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) operates on the principle of multi-beam interference and offers advantages such as compact size, high transmittance, strong spectral resolution, and structural stability, making it ideal for lightweight, high-precision hyperspectral imaging applications [17; 18; 19; 20]. Beyond its traditional role as a spectral disperser, prior studies have integrated tunable FPIs into FTIS systems to enhance spectral resolution [21; 22; 23; 24]. However, these approaches face challenges, including stringent requirements for cavity spacing tuning precision, prolonged spectral acquisition times, high costs, and difficulties in achieving large clear apertures, limiting their further development and practical application. To address these limitations, we propose the multi-component joint interferometric hyperspectral imaging (MJI-HI) technique [25; 26]. This method leverages a fixed-cavity, low-reflectivity FPI to modulate the object's spectral information periodically. A dual-beam interferometer then performs an optical Fourier transformation on the modulated spectral signal to acquire the interferogram. The FPI's modulation encodes high-frequency interference components (beyond the maximum OPD) into low-frequency interference regions. Through advanced inversion algorithms, these high-frequency components are separated and reconstructed, effectively extending the maximum OPD and thereby enhancing the spectral resolution of FTIS. The fixed-interval low-resolution FPI is used, which offers high stability, relaxed manufacturing and alignment precision requirements, and minimal error induction into FTIS systems.