# Converging Telco-Grade Solutions 5G and beyond to Support Production in Industry 4.0
## 7 Conclusions  
This paper provided an overview of various current infocommunication technology-related solutions that support industry 4.0. Due to the low latency, high availability, and high security requirements of the industrial domains, the paper surveyed various telco-grade solutions, as these aim to satisfy such requirements by their definition.  
Since manufacturing is an important part of the industry 4.0 movement, many of the above mentioned requirements are initiated from this domain. This paper pays special attention to communication and interoperability aspects of manufacturing, and since these fundamentally affect system planning, the paper provides an overview of related modeling approaches, as well. A complete chapter is dedicated to system interoperability, another to modeling, and yet another to 5G functions and features that support the desired levels of information flow. Human-in-the-loop is considered in many ways throughout the paper, but as speech is becoming a major interface in industrial applications, issues related to speech technology applications received a complete chapter in this paper as well.  
The paper covers broad areas of the converging areas of 5G technologies and industry 4.0, with a brief insight of 6G requirements and--so far--promises. Altogether, it provides a state-of-the-art survey on this honeymoon of 5G/6G and the industry 4.0 movements from engineering, interoperability and integrability, telco-cloud infrastructure and speech application points of view. First, it provides a comprehensive overview on model-driven engineering (MDE) techniques and tools to be used for planning, modeling and designing complex systems. Second, it outlines interoperability and integrability frameworks for cyber-physical system of systems to be applied in multi-level, multi-stakeholder industrial production. Third, it extends the 5G service slicing guarantees with the offerings of telco-clouds, with a comprehensive comparison of traditional and telco-cloud solutions. Fourth, it provides an overview of speech recognition applications in the production area, including security-related issues and handling noisy environments.  
In each of the chapters, the paper provides comparative tables and lessons learned sections to highlight the main points of the state-of-the-art and the main achievements in these converging domains.  
Conceptualization, P.V.; Methodology, P.V., S.B., R.S., A.F. (Abduhlahim Fayad), A.R.M., G.S., A.F. (Attila Franko), T.F., and D.F.; Investigation, P.V., S.B., R.S., A.F. (Abduhlahim Fayad), A.R.M., G.S., A.F. (Attila Franko), T.F., and D.F.; Resources, P.V.; writing-original draft preparation, P.V., S.B., R.S., A.F. (Abduhlahim Fayad), A.R.M., G.S., A.F. (Attila Franko), T.F., and D.F.; writing-review and editing. P.V., A.F. (Attila Franko), T.F., and D.F.; supervision, P.V.; funding acquisition, P.V., A.F. (Attila Franko), and G.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was partially funded by ARROWHEAD Tools from the European Programme ECSEL Joint Undertaking (JU) (Grant Agreement number 826452), and its national counterpart in Hungary by NKFIH, under agreement number 2019-2.1.3-NEMZ_ECSEL-2019-00003.  
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.