## 1 Introduction
In another in vivo study, oral administration of 1,8-cineole-rich essential oil resulted in a significant reduction in the fasting blood glucose level at 2 doses: 110 and 220 mg of essential oil per kg body weight [6]. The neuroprotective effectiveness of eugenol against the acrylamide-induced neuropathy model in rats has been observed as well [13]. The essential oils of _Ocimum basilicum_ L were also found to have a positive effect in vivo in a \(\beta\)-amyloid rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Exposure of basil EO was carried out via an electronic vaporizer by 60 min inhalation [14]. The cited studies were conducted in vivo for about 96 h; certainly, further studies of the long-term use and clinical trials are needed, but the properties observed are promising. It is known that the biological activity of essential oils depends to a large extent on the composition; therefore, factors responsible for the quantity and chemical composition of essential oils largely determine their bioactive properties [15]. The yield and chemical composition of essential oils are affected not only by methods of drying plant material or extraction processes, but also by some pre-harvest treatments and environmental conditions [7; 8]. As indicated in some studies, elicitation may represent a group of determinants of the biosynthesis of many groups of plant secondary metabolites, including essential oil compounds [9; 10]. Some studies have indicated that the exogenous application of some plant hormones (like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and arachidonic acid), which can be regarded as elicitors, may result in increased biosynthesis of plant bioactive compounds [15]. In our previous study, we found that jasmonic acid was the most effective in induction of the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites [16]. Additionally, there are many publications confirming the highly effective action of jasmonic acid in the improvement of some biological properties in lavage [17] and basil plants [18; 19]. In many studies, basil essential oil was shown to act as an antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-Alzheimer's agent [14; 20]. There are many investigations confirming that such compounds of essential oils as eugenol, linalool, 1,8-cineole, and \(\beta\)-pinene (present in basil essential oil analyzed in the present study) possess many biological activities connected with anti-diabetic and neuroprotective action [12; 21]. The bioactivities of essential oils probably depend on their composition. As differences in the composition of essential oils from control and jasmonic acid-elicited lettuce leaf basil leaves were observed in our previous study [22], it can be assumed that elicitation with jasmonic acid can also modulate the biological activities of essential oil obtained from these plants. Various components of essential oils are responsible for their diverse pro-health properties; hence, studies on other bioactivities may be very valuable. A novelty of this work is the determination of properties of basil essential oils that have not yet been tested in elicited herbs. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, potential anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of essential oil obtained from control and jasmonic acid-elicited lettuce leaf basil.