## 1 Introduction  
Stress wave communication has emerged as a form of wireless communication through solid materials, including metal, rocks, concrete, and among others [1; 2; 3]. With the increasing need for reliable communication for special applications, such as within concrete structures, well drilling string, metal structures, etc., an increasing number of research works have reported on investigating and applying stress wave communication in many different fields [4; 5; 6; 7]. Piezoceramic material, with its unique sensing and actuating capacity [8; 9; 10], high bandwidth [11; 12; 13; 14], low cost, and wide availability in different shapes and sizes, can be used to build transducers to generate and detect stress waves for a variety of purposes [15; 16; 17; 18], including stress wave-based communication [19] and energy harvesting [20]. Recently, some portable, real-time and wireless systems using piezoelectric transducers have been developed successfully for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications [21; 22; 23; 24; 25]. With the piezoceramic transducer as an efficient and economic enabling tool, increasingly, stress wave communications also provide a promising approach to data transmission where the conventional electromagnetic wave-based wireless communication methods are difficult to implement. In the literature, stress wave communication is mainly applied among three types of structures, including concrete structures, metal walls, and pipeline structures. 1. _Concrete structures_: with the development of the embeddable piezoceramic transducers [26; 27; 28; 29; 30] researchers have embedded smart aggregate (SA) into concrete structures to build up different communication paradigms mainly using the phase shift keying (PSK) modulation scheme [2; 3; 6; 31]. 2. _Metal walls_: through-metal-wall data transmission is crucial for conveying information from within the interior of hermetical containers [32; 33; 34; 35; 36]. Stress wave communication is also one of the main techniques being investigated to achieve through-metal-wall data transmission [37; 38]. Researchers modulated stress waves with different schemes, such as differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), to achieve through-metal-wall data transmission under different configurations [39; 40]. 3. _Pipeline structures_: stress wave communication is applied on pipeline structures to achieve data transmission along the pipeline. For example, in a well drilling string, it is critical to obtain the measurements from the bottom of borehole in order to navigate the drilling path. However, as traditional wired communication suffers from practical difficulties such as cable installation and infrastructure adjustment when drilling string sections are added or removed, wireless communication is widely utilized in logging while drilling (LWD) [41]. In the development of stress wave-based LWD wireless communication, the drilling string, which consists of metal pipes and joints, is considered as a conduit for the propagation of information-carrying stress wave [42; 43; 44; 45; 2]. Compared to the conventional mud pulse telemetry in LWD, stress wave data transmission is less susceptible to the properties of the fluids in the borehole. Meanwhile, stress wave communication is more suitable for underbalanced drilling (UBD) than in mud pulse telemetry or in electromagnetic telemetry [43]. The successful implementation of orthogonal frequency multiplexing (OFDM) based acoustic borehole communication demonstrated the feasibility of stress wave communication through pipeline structures [47; 48]. Additionally, other than stress wave-based damage detection and structural health monitoring (SHM) on pipelines [49; 50; 51], [PERSON] et al. applied stress waves as carriers to transmit information along a steel pipe. Their method was based on time-reversal pulse position modulation (TR-PPM) scheme [52; 53]. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al.