## 2 Materials and Methods
### Workpiece Material  
AISI 52100 steel is of considerable interest in bearing and shaft construction due to its higher strength and better corrosion resistance. However, the machining of bearing steel materials such as AISI 52100 steel is one of the challenging areas in metal cutting industries due to their high hardness, resulting in low productivity and high production costs. Table 2 provides a summary of the studies on the optimization of the cutting parameters of AISI 52100 bearing steel. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Author(s)** & **Input Parameters** & **Output Response** & **Result Achieved** & **Method Used** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [53] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Radial cutting vibrations and surface roughness & Cutting speed has the most significant effect on both the tool life and radial cutting vibration. The feed rate has the most important effect on the surface roughness & Taguchi method \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [54] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Surface roughness, flank warp, and chip morphology & The feed rate is the parameter that affects the output responses the most. & Gray relationship analysis based on the Taguchi method \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] [55] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Cutting feed, surface roughness, and maximum flank wear & The cutting speed is the most effect parameter for output responses & Central Composite Design (CCD) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [56] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Tool wear, surface roughness, and residual stresses & Better surface roughness, less tool wear, and higher compressive stresses were obtained with wiper inserts. & Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [57] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Cutting force and surface roughness & The feed rate and cutting speed strongly affect the surface roughness. The depth of cut is the parameter that affects the cutting force the most & Taguchi method \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [58] & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Surface roughness and cutting forces & The depth of cut has the maximum effect on the cutting forces. The feed rate is the most important parameter affecting the surface roughness & RSM \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [59] & Cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, tool nose radius, and negative rake angle & Machining force and surface roughness & The negative rake angle is the most important parameter in terms of the output responses & CCD and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: A summary of studies on the optimization of the cutting parameters of AISI 52100 bearing steel. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Author(s)** & **Output Response** & **Input Parameters Used** & **Material Used** \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] [47] & Surface roughness & Velocity of workpiece, feed rate, and depth of cut & 3X13 Steel \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] [48] & Cutting force & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Inconel 625 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [49] & Surface roughness and surface microhardness & Cutting depth, the cutting speed, and feed rate & TC17 titanium alloy \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [50] & Surface roughness and process time & Table feed rate, pulse on time, and pulse space & Ferritic ductile cast iron (GGG-40) \\ \hline [PERSON] [51] & Surface roughness & Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut & Al 7075 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [52] & Surface roughness & Pulse on time, pulse off time, wire feed, and wire tension & Al 7075 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._When the literature review in Table 2 was conducted, it was determined that there was no study investigating the effects of the cutting parameters on the temperature and power consumption with the Box-Behnken design in the turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel.