# A Trust-Based Predictive Model for Mobile Ad Hoc Network in Internet of Things +
## 2 Related Work  
MANET has been well studied since the last decade. In recent years, the proliferation of the internet of everything concept increases the use and utility of MANET significantly. IoT-MANET is a budding topic because devices are wirelessly connected and most of them may be energy constrained, and networks are self-organized. Therefore, security and reliability requirements of such networks need to be re-investigated. Several trust-based routing protocols have been designed and evaluated in an ad hoc networking scenario. In the present section the state-of-the-art study has been summarized. Trust management schemes for MANET are the central point of attraction. We also discuss secure routing and trust propagation as well. Most reputation-based trust management schemes are devised for collaborative secure routing by detecting misbehaving nodes that are either selfish or malicious. Upon designing secure routing protocols, researchers assumed a-priori trust relationships between mobile nodes. [PERSON] et al. proposed a mechanism [6] to distinguish selfish peers from cooperative ones based solely on local observations of ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. They use a finite state machine model of locally observed AODV actions to construct a statistical description of each peer's behavior. An interesting extension of this work would be to consider various patterns of node mobility, which can give additional insights. [PERSON] et al. proposed a trust-based security architecture [7] for key management in WANETs. The unique part of this work is that it considers the trust level of each node in a physical as well as a logical sense. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] addressed distributed trust computation and establishment using random graph theory and the theory of dynamic cooperative games. [PERSON] et al. proposed an extension of AODV-based routing protocol B-AODV [9], where trust plays an important role to secure end-to-end delivery. [PERSON] et al. proposed a trust management scheme [10] for a proposed human-based model for establishing trust relationships between the nodes of an ad hoc network where local trust ratings are sufficient for calculating trust. They showed that their proposed scheme required a minimum number of messages for a large global network. In [11; 12], [PERSON] et al. proposed a trust-based framework to mitigate wormhole attack in an ad hoc network scenario. In extension to their work, [PERSON] et al. proposed an extension of AODV by incorporating a quantitative trust model [13], which takes different metrics from the physical and application layers to provide a secure routing solution. In [14], [PERSON] et al. proposed a formal analysis of a trust-based routing method that used routing algebra and group-based trust computation. In [15], [PERSON] et al. proposed a predictive routing model where they identified the detect sequence number attacks. [PERSON] et al. discussed the performance of AODV, DSR, and ZRP under the impact of multiple wormhole attacker nodes in [16]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a number of distributed, secure, trust-aware clustering protocols [17; 18; 19; 20; 21] in order to provide secure solution for end-to-end data delivery. In [22], [PERSON] et al. presented a mathematical framework and analyzed the routing protocols in order to find the efficacy of the algorithms. In [23], [PERSON] et al. described major safety and security related issues for MANET connected Internet of Things (IoT). They focused on the vulnerability and security threat for ubiquitous computing and IoT in light of ad hoc network formation on the fly. A privacy-preserving and secure link-state based routing protocol (ALARM) has been proposed by [PERSON] et al. in [24]. They demonstrated the capability of ALARMto achieve privacy and security, and anonymity, authentication, integrity as well. In [25], [PERSON] et al. designed a secure routing protocol to evade both outsider and insider adversaries.