# Placental Transcriptome Adapations to Maternal Nutrient Restriction in Sheep
## 2 Results
### Differentially Expressed Genes  
The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between treatment groups and days of pregnancy are shown in Figure 1 (FDR \(\leq\) 0.10 and \(p\)\(\leq\) 0.05). At day 70 of pregnancy, 9 genes were upregulated and 11 downregulated in NR SGA compared to 100% NRC placentomes, while 13 genes were upregulated and 10 genes downregulated in NR NonSGA compared to 100% NRC placentomes (Figure 1A). _Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau_ (_CSTET2T_) was downregulated in both NR SGA and NR NonSGA placentomes compared to 100% NRC placentomes. There were 8 genes upregulated and 10 genes downregulated in NR SGA compared to NR NonSGA placentomes (Figure 1A). _Myostatin_ (_MSTN_) was downregulated in NR SGA compared to both 100% NRC and NR NonSGA placentomes (Figure 1A, Table 1). _Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K_ (_HNRNPK_) was upregulated in 100% NRC, but downregulated in NR SGA placentomes compared to NR NonSGA placentomes. _Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO beta_ (_HLA-DOB_) and _peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM)_ were downregulated in 100% NRC placentomes compared to all NR placentomes (Figure 1A, Table 1). Figure 1: Venn diagrams depicting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 100% NRC (\(n=8\)), NR NonSGA (\(n=7\)), and NR SGA (\(n=7\)) placentomes at day 70 (**A**) and day 135 (**B**) of gestation. The number of DEGs between day 70 and day 135 within each treatment group is depicted in (**C**). Genes were considered differentially expressed when FDR \(\leq 0.10\) and \(p\leq 0.05\). At day 135 of pregnancy, 15 genes were upregulated and 16 genes downregulated in NR SGA compared to 100% NRC placentomes, while only 2 genes were upregulated and 3 genes downregulated in NR NonSGA compared to 100% NRC placentomes (Figure 1B). _H2A clustered histone 18_ (_H2 AC18_) was upregulated in all NR placentomes compared to 100% NRC placentomes (Figure 1B, Table 2). There were 44 genes upregulated and 40 downregulated in NR SGA compared to NR NonSGA placentomes (Figure 1B). _Ribosomal protein L6_ (_RPL6_) was downregulated in 100% NRC and NR SGA compared to NR NonSGA placentomes (Figure 1B, Table 2). _CD96_, _CD163_, _C-type lectin domain family 4 member A_ (_CLC4A_), _CLC4G_, _CST2T_, _cathepsin K_ (_CTSK_), _C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10_ (_CXCL10_), _interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1_ (_IFIT1_), _interferon-stimulated gene 15_ (_ISG15_), _leucine-rich repeat-containing 31_ (_LRRC31_), and _signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 6_ (_SLAMF6_) were upregulated in NR SGA compared to 100% NRC and NR NonSGA placentomes, while _glutamic pyruvate transaminase_ (_ALT1_), _centrosomal protein 295 n-terminal like_ (_CEP295 NL_), _clarin-2_ (_CLRN2_), and _MSTN_ were downregulated in NR SGA placentomes at day 135 of pregnancy (Figure 1B, Table 2). The majority of genes that are differently expressed between days 70 and 135 of pregnancy are the same between 100% NRC, NR NonSGA, and NR SGA placentomes (2193 genes upregulated, 2100 genes downregulated; Figure 1C). Interestingly, there are fewer genes overall that are differentially expressed between days in the NR SGA placentomes (5658 genes) compared to NR NonSGA (6490 genes) and 100% NRC (6479 genes) placentomes (Figure 1C). Additionally, 100% NRC and NonSGA placentomes have more differentially expressed genes in common (442 upregulated, 461 downregulated) than either group does with NR SGA placentomes (250 up- and 253 downregulated, and 178 up- and 143 downregulated, respectively; Figure 1C). All DEGs identified by treatment comparison at day 70 of pregnancy are listed in Table 1, and those from day 135 are listed in Table 2.