## 2 Materials and Method
### Evaluation of Clinical and Bone Parameters  
The evaluation of the preoperative clinical parameters and at 6 months follow-up was performed by one investigator (T.B.). Criteria for the success of S-GBR grafting procedure were as follows: absence of fistula; flow out of the particles of the graft material; chronic inflammation. Implant success was defined according to Buser criteria: absent pain; lack of implant mobility or recurrent peri-implant infection; absence of peri-implant radiolucency at 6 months post-loading [18]. The CBCT exam (Sirona Orthophos XG) was used to record width and osteodensity values of the implant sites. CBCT scanning conditions were a s follows: 85 kV, 6 mA, 14.4 s irradiation time, 25-1025 uSv irradiation dose, and 1 mm slices thickness. CBCT images \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**No.** & **Procedure** & **Instruments and Materials** & **Role** \\ \hline
1. & Local anesthesia & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Ultracain DS-Forte \\ (Sanofi, Germany) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Ensure patient and \\ operator comfort \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
2. & \begin{tabular}{c} Full-thickness flaps in the \\ alveolar surgical areas \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} DeveMed GmbH, \\ (Tuttlingen, Germany) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Opened surgical field \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
3. & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Immediate implant placement \\ (length 10–13 mm, \\ diameter 3.5–4.5 mm) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} BioSTI implants (Tafers, Swiss) \\ Dentium implants (South Korea) \\ \end{tabular} & \\ \hline
4. & \begin{tabular}{c} Periosteal incisions in \\ flaps areas \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Aesculap AG \\ (Tuttlingen, Germany) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} The closure of the flaps \\ without tension \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
5. & \begin{tabular}{c} Osteosynthesis screws (1.5 mm \\ diameter, 8 mm length) \\ insertion on the buccal face of \\ the bone areas (in 45\({}^{\circ}\) angle to \\ the alveolar ridge) \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Implantology kits \\ Synthes GmbH, \\ (Zuchwil, Switzerland) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Maintain the space for the \\ bone regeneration \\ compartment \\ compartment \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
6. & \begin{tabular}{c} The exposed bone surface area \\ will be covered with a small \\ layer of autologous bone, \\ followed by the porcine/bovine \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Autogenous bone \\ Bovine xenograft CompactBone, \\ (Dentegris GmbH, Germany) \\ Porcine xenograft Purgo (Purgos \\ Biologics, Seongnam-si, Korea) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Isolated and protected graft in \\ front of the cells from the \\ gingival tissue. Promotion of \\ the gingival healing. Protect \\ the surgical site from gingival \\ dehiscence in the next \\ membrane BoneProtect Membrane \\ (Dentegris GmbH, Germany) \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
7. & Surgical site suture & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Nonresolvable sutures \\ (polypropylene 5.0, \\ Hu-Friedy, USA) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Protection for the \\ reconstructed bone and \\ peri-implant soft tissues \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
8. & \begin{tabular}{c} Postoperative care (7 days): \\ antibotherapy, analgesics, oral \\ cavity rinsing with \\ chlorhexidine 0.5\% \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Augmentin 625 mg, \\ GalaxoSmithKline Pharma, Viena, \\ Austria); Ibuflam 600 \\ (Zentvia, Lichtenstein) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Postoperative control of the \\ pain and inflammatory \\ processes \\ processes \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
9. & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Removal of the sutures at \\ 9–11 days postoperatively \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Second stage surgery: \\ osteosynthesis screws removal \\ at 4 months postoperative \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Operatory protocol in S-GBR technique and immediate implantation. were stored in DICOM file. An independent radiologist that was not involved in the study performed all the bone parameters measurements (preoperative, 6 months follow-up).