# Blockchain Applications in Agribbusiness: A Systematic Review
## 3 Results and Discussion
### A Qualitative Systematic Review
#### 3.2.3 Blockchain Application for Logistics in Agribusiness  
The proper management of logistic processes is essential for every agribusiness supply chain. Blockchain has the potential to facilitate and streamline logistic processes in agribusiness supply chains, and these processes can be reproduced in real time due to complete digitalization and its automation. With the help of smart contracts, financial transfers can be optimized, making them easier [47; 48; 49]. For those authors, this generates a guarantee of a direct network between the incoming and outgoing of goods, and payment operations can be carried out with more autonomy and efficiency. The invoices that are currently created on paper and sent by post can become unnecessary with the use of technology.  
Blockchain can help lower costs, in addition to adding value to products. The consumer benefits from more transparency and control in the quality of the products. One of the critical points in long supply chains is ensuring food safety. Although the development of traceability mechanisms has brought more security to the consumer, blockchain has elements that can make it a great differentiator in this process. This is one of the most relevant topics in blockchain applications in agribusiness supply chains. Traceability via blockchains allows the consumer to track the food from its origin to retail marketing, where all of the information can be shared securely through a blockchain [50]. According to their preliminary analysis, [PERSON] et al. [51] concluded that traceability and blockchain-based certification can increase grain exports by 15% in the Brazilian context. Given that the blockchain allows for the identification of what type of fertilizer was used to grow a given crop, for example, this information can be accessed by retailers, auditors, and governments, among others interested in the supply chain [52].  
Another element that facilitates logistical processes in agribusiness supply chains is smart contracts. [PERSON] et al. [53] applied a mean-variance model to evaluate the risk sensitivity of decision-makers, examining the transactions and previous data using blockchain records. They concluded that this technology could facilitate the use of information and increase knowledge about the demand for the products, besides being accompanied by smart contracts, and it can be automated to the contracting mechanism, improving the efficiency of the processes. [PERSON] et al. [54] developed an alternative project of a private chain to increase transparency and collaboration in product process distribution. The project notifies status alterations to concerned parties specified in the smart contract registry; these are captured in real time and information changes are achieved through the push of a button. This technology system proposed in the blockchain achieves a better level of efficiency for logistics and operations. The participants of the supply chain can reduce costs associated with the manual operations for the confirmation of tracking, with installations of expensive information systems such as the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).  
It is worth noting that blockchains can be used in logistics, product identification, and contract design. They allow better visualization of transactions between buyers and sellers, without the intervention of intermediaries. The use of blockchain-based applications in supply chains can guarantee security and induce more consistent contract management among interested parties. Blockchains improve the management performance of complex supply chains and enhance the customer's services and transportation systems with new decentralized architectures.