# Smart Healthcare Network Management: A Comprehensive Review
## 4 Smart Healthcare Network Management Protocols
### NetFlow/IPFIX in IoT for Healthcare  
NetFlow/IPFIX [87] collects and analyzes traffic flows in healthcare IoT networks. It monitors patterns, detects anomalies, and ensures the uninterrupted flow of critical health data, such as those from wearable devices or connected medical equipment. In NetFlow/IPFIX, the flow record \(R\) is  
\[R=\{S_{IP},D_{IP},S_{Port},D_{Port},\text{Protocol},T_{Start},T_{End},\text{ Bytes}\}. \tag{24}\]  
Traffic utilization is calculated as  
\[\text{Utilization:}\ U(t)=\frac{\text{Total\ Bytes\ Transferred\ at}\ t}{\text{Network\ Capacity}}. \tag{25}\]  
NetFlow/IPFIX supports key healthcare IoT applications by monitoring data flows from wearable devices, ensuring seamless transmission for real-time health assessments. It enhances cybersecurity by detecting and mitigating abnormal traffic, preventing threats such as unauthorized access and data breaches. Additionally, it ensures uninterrupted data transfer for remote surgery devices, maintaining stable connectivity for latency-sensitive procedures. These capabilities make NetFlow/IPFIX essential for secure, efficient, and reliable healthcare network management. A detailed comparison of different IoT network management protocols is provided in Table 1. Moreover, Table 2 offers a wide-ranging synthesis of heterogeneous IoT devices, core technologies, protocols, and essential requirements, establishing a robust foundation for analyzing and developing cutting-edge solutions across diverse application scenarios.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Protocol** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Resource** \\ **Efficiency** \\ \end{tabular} & **Scalability** & **Security Features** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Implementation** \\ **Complexity** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Message** \\ **Overhead** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Primary** \\ **Use Case** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline SNMP [71] & Moderate & High & \begin{tabular}{c} Weak (community \\ strings, SNMPv3 \\ improved) \\ \end{tabular} & Low & High & \begin{tabular}{c} Network \\ management \\ \end{tabular} \\ MQTT [72] & High & High & TLS, authentication support TLS, ACS authentication & Moderate & Low & IoT messaging \\ OMA & Moderate & High & \begin{tabular}{c} Weak (community \\ strings, SNMPv3 \\ improved) \\ \end{tabular} & High & High & \begin{tabular}{c} High \\ Moderate \\ \end{tabular} \\ RESTful [85] & High & High & \begin{tabular}{c} Weak (community \\ strings, SNMPv3 \\ improved) \\ \end{tabular} & Moderate & Moderate & \begin{tabular}{c} High \\ Management \\ \end{tabular} \\ OpenFlow [86] & Moderate & High & \begin{tabular}{c} TLS support, secure \\ channel \\ \end{tabular} & High & High & \begin{tabular}{c} High \\ High \\ \end{tabular} \\ NETflow [87] & Moderate & High & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Secure export options \\ available \\ \end{tabular} & Moderate & High &
\begin{tabular}{c} High \\ Monitoring \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Comparison of different network management protocols in IoT.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l} \hline
**Protocol** & **Resource** & **Scalability** & **Security Features** & **Implementation** & **Message** & **Primary** \\  & **Efficiency** & & & **Complexity** & **Overhead** & **Use Case** \\ \hline NETCONF [74] & Moderate & High & SSH, TLS for secure communication & High & Moderate & Network \\ gRPC [76] & High & High & TLS, authentication, encryption & Moderate & Low & High-performance \\ NETCONF & High & High & SSH, TLS & Moderate & Low & RPC \\ Light [77] & High & Moderate & DPLS, AES encryption & Low & Low-power IoT \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: \(Cont.\)  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l} \hline