## 5 Cloud Connectivity  
### Cloud-Based Healthcare Platforms  
The integration of cloud computing technologies into healthcare systems has ushered in a transformative era, reshaping patient care, data management, and overall system efficiency [110]. This innovative approach leverages the scalability, accessibility, and computational power of cloud platforms to address challenges faced by traditional healthcare systems, marking a significant paradigm shift.  
In the realm of health monitoring, cloud-based platforms provide a dynamic and interconnected ecosystem. Patient data can be securely stored, analyzed, and shared among healthcare professionals, departing from traditional localized systems [111]. This introduces a new era of real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and streamlined collaboration, where scalability, interoperability, and data security play pivotal roles in shaping the future of health monitoring.  
Cloud-based patient monitoring platforms revolutionize healthcare delivery, incorporating advanced technologies for patient care. These platforms encompass solutions for remote patient monitoring, data analytics, wearable technologies, and IoT integration [112]. Remote patient monitoring platforms utilizing cloud computing capabilities enable real-time transmission and storage of patient data, empowering healthcare professionals to make timely interventions.  
This transformative shift in healthcare leverages the capabilities of cloud-based platforms, fostering innovation, efficiency, and interconnected healthcare ecosystems. The convergence of cloud computing and healthcare technologies represents a fundamental change in how healthcare services are delivered and how health-related data are managed and utilized.  
Several cloud platforms cater to the specific needs of patient monitoring, offering robust features and services tailored to the healthcare industry [111]. Below are listed some prominent cloud platforms commonly utilized in the healthcare domain.  
* Amazon Web Services: AWS is a widely adopted cloud platform that provides a comprehensive set of services for healthcare applications. It offers scalable computingpower, storage, and databases, along with tools for ML and analytics. AWS has established itself as a reliable choice for healthcare organizations aiming to leverage cloud capabilities.
* Microsoft Azure: Microsoft is another major player in the cloud services arena, offering a range of Azure tools and services suitable for patient monitoring applications. Azure provides scalable infrastructure, data storage, and advanced analytics. Its compliance certifications make it an attractive option for healthcare providers concerned with regulatory requirements.
* Google Cloud Platform: GCP offers a suite of cloud services that can be employed for patient monitoring solutions. Google Cloud's data analytics and ML tools, combined with its robust infrastructure, make it a contender for healthcare organizations seeking cloud solutions.
* IBM Cloud: A platform for healthcare organizations to build, deploy, and manage applications and with a focus on security and compliance, IBM Cloud offers services for data storage, processing, and analytics, making it suitable for patient monitoring systems.
* Oracle Cloud: Known for its database and cloud infrastructure services, Oracle Cloud has been increasingly utilized in the healthcare sector. It provides scalable and secure solutions for storing and managing health data, ensuring compliance with industry regulations.  
These cloud platforms offer a range of services, including data storage, computing power, analytics, and ML, which are integral to patient monitoring applications. The choice of a specific platform depends on factors such as the organization's existing infrastructure, compliance requirements, and specific use-case needs.