## 4 Conclusions and Future Work  
In this research paper, the modified sequential switch opening and exchange (MSSOE) has been developed for reducing power losses through distribution system reconfiguration with and without the integration of distributed generations. The novel approach is based on the existing method in which the search space for each iteration process is modified for reconfiguration thanks to predefined individual loops of the distribution systems. The simulation results of selected three different standards of IEEE 33-bus, IEEE 69-bus, and 119-bus systems provide the effectiveness of the proposed method over the existing methods.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Items** & **Base Case** & **SFS [30]** & **SSOE [4]** & **MSSOE** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Tie-switches} & 118,119,120,121, & 21,25,33,39,43,53,60, & 22,25,33,39,42,58, & 22,26,33,39,42,59, \\  & 122,123,124,125, & 70,74,121,125,128,129, & 70,74,76,82,121,122, & 70,74,121,122,125,128, \\  & 130,131,132 & 130,131, & 125,130,131, & 129,130,131, \\ \multirow{2}{*}{\(\mathrm{P_{Dcs}}\) in kW (placement)} & 28833 (50),2978.6 (71), & 28833.3 (50), 2978.6 (71), & 2883.3 (50), 2978.6 (71), & 2883.3 (50), 2978.6 (71), \\  & 3119.9 (109) & 3119.9 (109) & 3119.9 (109) \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Power loss (kW)} & 666.04 & 620.65 & 617.9 & 616.8 \\  & N/A & 6.80 & 7.22 & 7.39 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{\(\mathrm{V_{min}}\) (pu)} & 0.9545 & 0.9549 & 0.9599 & 0.9549 \\ Voltage node & 99 & 85 & 85 & 85 \\ Computation time (s) & N/A & N/A & 3.8419 & 2.5692 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Simulation result of reconfiguration for IEEE 119-bus with DGs.  
Figure 11: Voltage profile of IEEE 119-bus before and after the reconfiguration.  
Figure 10: Voltage profile of IEEE 69-bus before and after the reconfiguration with DGs.  
Moreover, the more the large systems, more is the difference of computation time; this is compared to the proposed method. The global optimization solution and fast computation time compared to existing methods are also a challenge in this research paper. It can be concluded that the proposed method based on MSSOE is the fastest algorithm compared to existing methods. To extend the implementation of the proposed method, the integration of distribution generations and load demand uncertainties over various times will be investigated. In addition, the challenge of allocation and sizing of distributed generations including its maximum penetration with the proposed reconfiguration technique will be considered. A prototype development at the laboratory to narrow a gap between simulation and experiment is also considered in the future work.  
Conceptualization, V.V. and S.E.; methodology, V.V.; software, R.L. and S.S.; validation, R.L., S.S., and V.V.; formal analysis, V.V.; investigation, R.L., S.S., and V.V.; resources, R.L., S.S., and S.E.; data curation, R.L., S.S., and S.E.; writing--original draft preparation, V.V.; writing--review and editing, V.V., S.E., R.L., S.S., C.C., and L.B.; visualization, S.S., C.C., and L.B.; supervision, V.V., S.E., and L.B.; project administration, C.C., V.V., and L.B.; funding acquisition, V.V. and L.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through Laboratory-based education (LBE) in the Department of Electrical and Energy Engineering at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC), CAMBODIA.  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.