Analysis of Viscosity Change and Oil Leakage Characteristics According to CaCO\({}_{3}\) Particle Size and Anti-Sedimentation Agent Content on Bituminous Emulsion Mastic  
[PERSON]  
1 New Material & Convergence Laboratory Co., Ltd., 232 Gongue-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-Y.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (D.-B.K. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.-G.P. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.-S.P)  
Dong-Bum Kim  
1 New Material & Convergence Laboratory Co., Ltd., 232 Gongue-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-Y.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (D.-B.K. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.-G.P. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.-S.P)  
Wan-Gao Park  
1 New Material & Convergence Laboratory Co., Ltd., 232 Gongue-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-Y.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (D.-B.K. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.-G.P. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.-S.P)  
Jin-Sang Park  
1 New Material & Convergence Laboratory Co., Ltd., 232 Gongue-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-Y.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (D.-B.K. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (W.-G.P. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.-S.P)  
Sang-Keun Oh  
3 Seoul 01811, Korea  
property damage, and led to controversy about the defects of the waterproofing method using BEM. In addition, the need to examine the material stability of BEM has been raised because the oil leakage phenomenon of BEM may cause the degradation of waterproofing performance due to the cross-sectional loss of the waterproofing layer [3]. In this regard, research was conducted regarding the causes of oil leakage in BEM, and the results revealed that the biggest cause of oil leakage in BEM is material segregation due to the difference in specific gravity between the constituent materials. In relation to previous studies regarding BEM, [PERSON] [4] analyzed the causes of oil leakage in BEM and revealed that oil leakage in BEM is caused by material segregation due to the difference in specific gravity between organic and inorganic extenders among constituent materials. The mechanism of oil leakage described in the research is that a composite waterproofing system using BEM forms a solid waterproofing layer and performs its original function as a waterproofing layer in the early stages after installation. However, as time passes, organic additives with a relatively low specific gravity float to the top of the BEM layer, whereas inorganic additives with a relatively high specific gravity settle to the bottom. In this way, the BEM layer is separated, and then cracking occurs in the concrete structure, when the inorganic additive layer formed on the bottom of the BEM layer collapses along with the cracks, and the organic additive flows to the outside through the cracks [4]. The conceptual diagram of the oil leakage mechanism is shown in Figure 2.  
At present, there is no systematic material improvement research of BEM to address the oil leakage problem. In addition, even if relevant research has been done, it has failed to provide clear improvement plans because quantitative and systematic data accumulation and analysis were not made as the research focused on the experience of producers in the actual production plant [4,5]. Therefore, research was required to solve the oil leakage  
Figure 1: Oil leakage phenomenon and contamination status in underground parking lots: (**a**) oil leakage from slab in underground parking lot; (**b**) oil leakage from slab in underground parking lot. Figure 2: Oil leakage mechanism of asphalt mastic. problem of waterproofing materials using BEM, and through this, material stability was attempted to be secured. In this study, analysis was performed using the average particle size and content of CaCO\({}_{3}\) (CA) and anti-sedimentation (ASE), which are directly involved in material segregation among the raw materials of BEM, as variables with focus on the fact that the cause of oil leakage in BEM is material segregation between the constituent materials.