## 4 Results and Discussion  
### PTE and LOP of WPT System  
The azimuthal deflection characteristics of the WPT system in the coaxial alignment case were investigated, and the power transfer efficiency (PTE) and load output power (LOP) of the HTS-Cu and Cu-Cu WPT systems were presented for the coil deflection range of 0\({}^{\circ}\)-90\({}^{\circ}\) in the coaxial direction, as shown in Figure 6. The results indicate that as the azimuthal deflection angle of the coil increases, the system PTE gradually decreases. However, there is a flat interval of system PTE and the transmission efficiency remains stable without significant changes in the range of 0\({}^{\circ}\)-50\({}^{\circ}\). The decrease in coupling flux between the coils with increasing azimuthal angle results in a reduction in the system PTE. As the azimuthal deflection angle increases to 60\({}^{\circ}\), the system PTE exhibits a sharp decrease, and with further increase in the azimuthal deflection angle, the system PTE continues to decrease until the azimuthal deflection angle reaches 90\({}^{\circ}\), where the system PTE tends to approach 0. The reduction in coupling flux between the coils with an increasing azimuthal angle causes a decline in the system PTE. When the transmitting coil is perpendicular to the receiving coil, the mutual inductance coefficient of the system approaches zero, in accordance with Equation (5). Furthermore, the load output power (LOP) of the WPT system exhibits a similar decreasing trend with increasing azimuthal deflection angle as the power transfer efficiency (PTE), but with a longer period of stability between 0\({}^{\circ}\) to 60\({}^{\circ}\), after which the LOP starts to decrease sharply until it reaches zero as the azimuthal deflection angle exceeds 70\({}^{\circ}\). This behavior can be attributed to the gradual decrease in the coupling flux between the coils with increasing azimuthal angle, leading to a decrease in both PTE and LOP. In the case of coaxial alignment between the transmitting coil and receiving coil in the HTS-WPT system, the system's transmission performance remains nearly unchanged for azimuthal deflection angles less than 60\({}^{\circ}\), which is often encountered in practical applications. This finding suggests a promising future for high-temperature superconducting WPT. In addition, we conducted further investigation into the transmission characteristics of the WPT system with superimposed azimuthal deflection in the case of lateral misalignment. Figure 7 depicts the PTE and LOP of the HTS-Cu and Cu-Cu WPT systems for the coil azimuthal deflection of 0\({}^{\circ}\)-90\({}^{\circ}\) at lateral misalignment distances of 4 cm and  
Figure 6: Transmission characteristics of the system with a deflection angle of 0\({}^{\circ}\) to 90\({}^{\circ}\) in the coaxial state. 8 cm, respectively. It is noteworthy that, in contrast to the transmission characteristics of the system at coaxial azimuthal deflection, for the lateral misalignment distance of 4 cm, the PTE of the system exhibits a changing pattern of increase and then decrease as the coil azimuthal deflection angle varies. At an azimuthal deflection angle of 0\({}^{\circ}\), the power transfer efficiencies (PTEs) of both the HTS-WPT and Cu-WPT systems are at their lowest, with values of 45.2% and 37%, respectively. The PTE of both systems reaches a peak at an azimuthal deflection angle of approximately 70\({}^{\circ}\), with values of 58.3% and 49%, respectively. It is worth noting that the PTE growth rate is higher for the HTS-WPT system than for the Cu-WPT system from 0\({}^{\circ}\) to 25\({}^{\circ}\), indicating stronger coil coupling performance and more dramatic changes in mutual inductance under small-angle misalignment conditions. Consequently, the transmission efficiency of the HTS-WPT system increases more rapidly, suggesting that this advantage can be fully exploited in actual misalignment deflection applications of HTS-WPT.