## 2 Results and Discussions
### Total Polyphenolic Content of Pinus cembra L. Extracts in Relation to Altitude
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sample Code** & \begin{tabular}{c} **TPC** \\ **(mg GAE/g Extract)** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **DPPH** \\ **(IC50—mg/mL)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **ABTS** \\ **(IC50—mg/mL)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline IR1919 & 255.01 \(\pm\) 5.57 \({}^{\mathrm{a,d,e}}\) & 6.58 \(\pm\) 1.62 \(\mathrm{d}\).e & 0.49 \(\pm\) 0.03 \({}^{\mathrm{b}c}\) \\ IIIR1620 & 205.97 \(\pm\) 3.13 \({}^{\mathrm{a,b,d,e}}\) & 2.26 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\mathrm{b}c}\) & 0.35 \(\pm\) 0.01 \({}^{\mathrm{b}}\) \\ IV81790 & 140.33 \(\pm\) 40.64 \({}^{\mathrm{a}}\) & 3.72 \(\pm\) 0.92 \({}^{\mathrm{b}c}\) & 0.71 \(\pm\) 0.01 \({}^{\mathrm{c}}\) \\ VR2429 & 306.17 \(\pm\) 0.95 \({}^{\mathrm{a,d,e}}\) & 2.20 \(\pm\) 0.70 \({}^{\mathrm{b}c}\) & 0.40 \(\pm\) 0.00 \({}^{\mathrm{b}}\) \\ IP1919 & 137.07 \(\pm\) 39.79 \({}^{\mathrm{a}}\) & 3.83 \(\pm\) 0.48 \({}^{\mathrm{b,c,d}}\) & 1.39 \(\pm\) 0.15 \({}^{\mathrm{d,f}}\) \\ IIIP1620 & 86.39 \(\pm\) 23.23 \({}^{\mathrm{a,b,c,d}}\) & 6.55 \(\pm\) 0.22 \({}^{\mathrm{c,d,e}}\) & 1.04 \(\pm\) 0.12 \({}^{\mathrm{d,e}}\) \\ IVP1790 & 91.74 \(\pm\) 1.64 \({}^{\mathrm{a,b,c}}\) & 8.24 \(\pm\) 0.82 \({}^{\mathrm{d}}\) & 1.19 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\mathrm{d,e,f}}\) \\ VP2429 & 79.73 \(\pm\) 1.04 \({}^{\mathrm{a,b,c}}\) & 15.36 \(\pm\) 0.14 \({}^{\mathrm{f}}\) & 1.22 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\mathrm{d,e,f}}\) \\ \hline \end{tabular} Note: dw—dry weight. Statistical analyses were performed in triplicate. Different superscript letters (b–f) in the same column mean statistically significant differences at \(p<0.05\) and the same alphabetical superscript in a column indicates no statistically significant difference and the letter “a” does not interact with anyone. \(\pm\) standard deviation. TPC—total polyphenolic content; GAE—gallic acid equivalent; DPPH—2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydraz; ABTS—2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; IR1919—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1919 m from the Rodnei mountains; IIR1620—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1620 m from the Rodnei mountains; IVR1790—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1790 m from the Maramures mountains; VR2429—thyridome dry extract harvested at 2429 m from the Rhaetian Alps; IP1919—periderm dry extract harvested at 1620 m from the Rodnei mountains; IVP1790—periderm dry extract harvested at 1790 m from the Maramures mountains; VP2429—periderm dry extract harvested at 2429 m from the Rhaetian Alps.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Total polyphenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of _Pinus cembra_ L.  
Figure 2: Analysis of TPC in _Pinus cembra_ extracts and evaluation of significant differences used [PERSON]’s post hoc test, symbols _“*\"_ (for \(p<0.05\)), _“*\"_ (for \(p<0.01\)) and _“*\"_ (for \(p<0.0001\)). TPC—total polyphenolic content; GAE—gallic acid equivalent; IR1919—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1919 m from the Rodnei mountains; IIIR1620—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1620 m from the Rodnei mountains; IVR1790—thyridome dry extract harvested at 1790 m from the Maramures mountains; VR2429—thyridome dry extract harvested at 2429 m from the Rhaetian Alps; IP1919—periderm dry extract harvested at 1919 m from the Rodnei mountains; IIIP1620—periderm dry extract harvested at 1620 m from the Rodnei mountains; IVP1790—periderm dry extract harvested at 2429 m from the Rhaetian Alps. by [PERSON] et al., it was found that the TPC in extracts obtained from the bark of this species has a value of 299.3 \(\pm\) 1.4 mg GAE/g [6]. Moreover, the variation in the TPC in relation to altitude has also been previously studied on other species of _Pinus_, one study by [PERSON] et al. evaluated the impact of altitude on the production of suberin in the period of _Pinus sylvestris_, reporting that the content of suberin grew proportionally with the altitude [14]. In another study, performed by [PERSON] et al.