in all construction units, regardless of their physical structure. In general, an IPS has three requirements to be met for large-scale use: (i) the system must provide accurate position estimates, (ii) the system must be easily scalable, and (iii) the cost of implementation must be reduced. The current trend to reduce system cost is to use the wireless infrastructure already deployed for communication as reference points for positioning [2]. Many communication technologies are available for use in indoor environments, among them are, LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and ultra-wide band (UWB). The most used so far is Wi-Fi technology. In addition to Wi-Fi network devices, other technologies have been investigated to build more robust schemes and bring the level of indoor accuracy closer to the results already perceived with outdoor systems. Among the technologies are inertial, sound, light, and visual systems. Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) provide low-cost inertial sensors that can estimate the positions of pedestrians without the need to implement any infrastructure in building units [3]. Sound systems use hardware that emits audible and inaudible sounds and make it possible to insert coding that provides information to the system without disturbing human users [4]. Light-based systems use natural and artificial light to define points of interest in location systems. In these light signals, it is also possible to insert coding that acts as a language, containing instructions for the localization system [5]. Vision-based systems use cameras with various characteristics and can be applied in two ways, in the infrastructure or on a mobile device [6]. When applied to the infrastructure, the cameras are arranged to cover the largest visual field so that the targets can be located and tracked. When cameras are used on mobile devices, the objective is to cover the largest visible area around the user and visually identify information registered as a reference. Most of these technologies are already available on today's smartphones, which allows researchers to focus their efforts on defining algorithms that manipulate signals and data obtained from sensors to provide more reliable information. Several studies have attempted to review the current state-of-the-art of IPS. Since the first review, several advances have been made in these studies, showing that the area is still open and there are several gaps to be corrected or filled. For example, [PERSON] et al. described the use of ubiquitous technologies for indoor location systems, and [PERSON] et al. advanced the study, introducing new technical and technological approaches [7; 8]. From this work, the latest reviews were carried out, mainly advancing hybrid approaches [9; 10; 11]. Still, within indoor positioning system studies, other research has been directed toward the construction of maps, which allow relating the records to provide routes to users, as in the investigations of [PERSON] et al., [PERSON] et al., and [PERSON] et al. [12; 13; 14]. Despite the numerous, quite comprehensive, studies of the state-of-the-art of IPSs, it is always necessary to revisit the evolution of technologies and techniques and to make advances in the domain of resources to make the systems of location, navigation, and tracking in indoor environments more robust. In this work, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art of IPSs, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the systems described by the authors of the referenced works, with a focus on providing a higher level of accuracy in order to serve visually impaired users. First, we classify and review individual IPSs, and then we highlight hybrid systems. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents a set of surveys that deal with technological and technical updates of the resources used in indoor positioning systems. Section 3 examines radio-based, inertial, sound-based, light-based, and computer-based systems.