## 3 Results
### Effectiveness Outcomes between Baseline and Ending Treatment Assessments
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Control Group (\(u\) = 16)**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Intervention Group (\(\mu\) = 15)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**P\({}^{2}\)**} \\ \cline{2-11}  & **At** & **At** & **Difference** & & & **At** & **At** & **Difference** & & & \\  & **Baseline** & **Ending** & & & & & **Baseline** & **Ending** & & & \\  & **Mean** & **Mean** & **Mean** & & & **Mean** & & **Mean** & & & \\  & **(SD)** & **(SD)** & **P\({}^{*}\)** & & **(SD)** & **(SD)** & **(SD)** & **P\({}^{*}\)** & & & \\ \hline
**Range of motion (\%)** & & & & & & & & & & & \\
**Shoulder** & 67.10 & 57.74 & \(-\)9.35 & 0.140 & 0.158 \({}^{**}\) & 70.25 & 63.75 & \(-\)6.50 & 0.384 & 0.058 & 0.763 \\  & (28.56) & (17.73) & (23.17) & 0.140 & 0.158 \({}^{**}\) & 70.25 & 63.75 & \(-\)6.50 & 0.384 & 0.058 & 0.763 \\
**Elbow** & **106.20** & **148.96** & **37.01** & **0.008** & **0.477 \({}^{**}\)** & 122.38 & 119.91 & 6.16 & 0.888 & 0.001 & 0.346 \\  & (**33.89) & **60.32** & **69.02** & & & (51.51) & (50.77) & (70.38) & & & \\  & 264.70 & 192.24 & \(-\)72.45 & 0.146 & 0.196 \({}^{**}\) & 268.56 & 235.64 & \(-\)6.91 & 0.411 & 0.056 & 0.321 \\
**Wrist** & (154.19) & (85.01) & (160.62) & & & & (133.19) & (106.63) & (172.22) & 0.411 & 0.056 & 0.321 \\
**Total** & 98.83 & 107.16 & 15.28 & 0.304 & 0.104 \({}^{*}\) & 107.81 & 100.51 & 2.44 & 0.051 & 0.038 & 0.477 \\
**Kinematic Indices** & & & & & & & & & & \\
**(\%)** & & & & & & & & & & \\
**Efficiency** & 66.92 & 86.90 & 19.98 & 0.056 & 0.234 \({}^{**}\) & 89.51 & 86.91 & \(-\)2.59 & 0.860 & 0.002 & 0.198 \\  & (35.21) & (32.96) & (08.58) & & & & (57.49) & (28.86) & (58.89) & 0.860 & 0.002 & 0.198 \\  & 46.36 & 52.21 & 5.84 & & & & 50.09 & 52.74 & 2.64 & & \\  & (29.56) & (23.55) & (27.17) & 0.403 & 0.046 & & & (29.30) & (26.81) & (26.03) & 0.700 & 0.010 & 0.741 \\  & (43.13) & 50.31 & 7.17 & & & & 46.06 & 50.78 & 4.72 & 0.462 & 0.039 & 0.786 \\
**Agility** & (31.00) & (23.27) & (25.58) & & & & (30.07) & (27.67) & (24.16) & 0.462 & 0.039 & 0.786 \\
**Smoothness (S1)** & **44.86** & **57.48** & **10.75** & **0.028** & **0.251 \({}^{**}\)** & **45.18** & **62.69** & **25.51** & **0.005** & **0.438 \({}^{**}\)** & **0.034 \\
**Smoothness (S2)** & **(17.96)** & **(24.73)** & **(17.17)** & & & & (**31.49**) & **(46.41)** & **(19.64)** & **0.005** & **0.438 \({}^{**}\)** & **0.034 \\
**Smoothness (S2)** & **64.27** & **86.00** & **21.73** & **0.027** & **0.286 \({}^{**}\)** & 78.31 & 92.50 & 14.18 & 0.053 & 0.241 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.506 \\  & (**19.47) & **(29.16)** & **(55.43)** & & & & (21.61) & (22.52) & (25.98) & 0.053 & 0.241 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.506 \\
**Coordination** & 92.54 & 93.83 & 0.99 & & & & 78.18 & 90.35 & 12.16 & 0.093 & 0.188 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.175 \\  & (19.16) & (18.10) & (18.06) & & & & (17.27) & (20.65) & (26.14) & 0.093 & 0.188 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.175 \\
**Area** & **36.40** & **51.43** & **15.03** & & & & **33.10** & **56.35** & **13.24** & **0.002** & **0.494 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.775 \\
**Reaching amplitude** & **(19.95)** & **(24.13)** & **(19.86)** & **0.008** & **0.379 \({}^{**}\)** & **(26.21)** & **(33.67)** & **(13.86)** & **0.002** & **0.494 \({}^{**}\)** & 0.775 \\  & 71.26 & 74.66 & 3.39 & & & 79.85 & 76.96 & \(-\)2.89 & 0.491 & 0.034 & 0.345 \\  & (23.72) & (16.95) & (20.21) & 0.511 & 0.031 & & & (27.43) & (15.89) & (15.84) & 0.491 & 0.034 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Moderate effect and \({}^{**}\) large effect (clinical relevance following Cohen guidelines). Bold font indicates statistically significant differences found between baseline and ending assessments for both groups (control and intervention). p\({}_{1}\): intragroup comparison (comparison of baseline and ending scores with paired sample \(t\)-test), p\({}_{2}\): inter-group comparison (comparisons of differences baseline-ending scores with the independent \(t\)-test). Bold p\({}_{1}\) and p\({}_{2}\) values are statistically significant (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table}