## 4 Results
### Best-Practice Framework  
The analysis of the ten case studies allowed the perception of the management team's interest/commitment in this 4.0 transition, making it possible to emphasize the companies' investment in consulting services. Data security is also a concern in digital paradigms, with cybersecurity best practices, the knowledge about norms/requirements, and the definition of data privacy/cybersecurity policies, as well as responsible teams, being possible to state. Still in the cybersecurity chapter, cloud storage can be equated, since data storage service providers normally have different data centers located in different countries that avoid data loss. The technological infrastructure should also be evaluated, implementing security control systems (e.g., antivirus) and redundancy in data records. Systems may be monitored/evaluated, ideally with regular actualizations. The workforce should also be trained for potential external threats (e.g., malware). Companies must have a plan for an attack situation and record the lessons learned. ERP implementation for operational activities such as financial, accounting, or human resource management is one best practice identified in enterprises. Some of them have more advanced solutions such as warehouse/stock management systems or BD usage. Physical document management is being replaced by systems that ensure this administration, reducing resources and facilitating information search. Some companies are also following UI/UX principles in app development, making it possible to consider another best practice. Still in the best practices domain, dashboard creation, allowing accessible information for the teams, may be highlighted. Regarding infrastructure, it can be perceived in the case studies that physical support is preferred instead of cloud solutions, which may provide security/disaster recovery mechanisms. In various case studies, OEE calculation is essential, and for that, it becomes crucial to collect data from different sources, with mechanisms being important to ensure this. Concerning smart infrastructure adoption, it is possible to highlight as best practices the comprehension of the criticalness of variables and how they are measured. The development/choice of systems that answer the company's needs and the integration between company systems (ERP, MES, etc.) are two best practices. This smart infrastructure will allow the smart management of operations, transforming traditional spreadsheets into ERP data, and using dynamic planning systems to manage the traditional companies' tasks. Case studies show the desire to obtain data about entire processes, to create indicators, and consequently to make decisions. Another best practice is transferring traditional knowledge present in the workforce (that is vital to the organization) to algorithms and systems. In the 14.0 paradigm, prototyping the use of digital tools, such as virtual reality, may reduce resource usage, and is considered a best practice. Regarding the human resource component, best practices that may be pointed to include the evaluation of workers' digital literacy, identifying vital skills and providing the right development plans. In the DT domain, all lessons learned should be analyzed and documented for future development. Based on empirical research conducted across the ten cases under study, a best-practice framework was formulated, in which best practices are combined with different stagesof DT. This does not occur at the same time for every company and so the concerns, and consequently recommendations, are different. In this sense, the framework was divided into three major stages: necessity, operationalization, and advanced solutions. Regarding the necessity phase, this refers to entering DT. Here, the focus relies on the understanding of company's requirements/needs and the answers it wants technology to provide, functioning as the strategic vision of DT.