# Assessing Interactive Web-Based Systems Using Behavioral Measurement Techniques
## 5 Results  
This section aims to show the experimental results of the behavioral measurement techniques by comparing the effectiveness of the three techniques by listing the number of identified usability problems alongside the severity ratings. This section also covers the results of the selected techniques for both websites and analyzes these results. Table 21 shows a comparison of the effectiveness of the selected techniques for the Extra website. The initial evaluation of the Extra website using the three behavioral measurement techniques uncovered 36 problems, 28 of which were determined uniquely. Table 21 shows that 24 of the total detected problems (66.66%) were discovered by heuristic evaluation, 5 (13.9%) by usability testing, and the remaining 7 (19.44%) using eye-tracking analysis. Of these problems, 14 problems (38.89% of total identified problems) were major, 11 problems (30.55%) were minor, 6 problems (16.66%) were catastrophic, and 5 problems (13.9%) were merely cosmetic. As per each technique, a subsequent figure illustrates how each technique was performed in regard to the severity of the detected problems for the Extra website. The highest number of problems per all severity ratings was obtained using the heuristic evaluation, whereas usability testing and eye-tracking came next with comparable numbers of detected problems. For the minor and major severity ratings, 2 and 3, respectively, eye tracking achieved better results than usability testing. However, for the catastrophic rating of 4, usability testing detected 1 problem, but the eye-tracking technique detected none. The usability testing and heuristic evaluation yielded equal average severity of 2.6, while the average severity score of problems identified by eye tracking was 2.3. Overall, the problems were \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Participant 1** & **Participant 2** & **Participant 3** & **Participant 4** & **Participant 5** & **Average** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Extra Website} \\ \hline Usability Testing & 4 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 4 & & \\ \hline Eye tracking & 4 & 3 & 4 & 7 & 4 & 4.1 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Jarir Website} \\ \hline Usability Testing & 5 & 5 & 7 & 5 & 7 & \\ \hline Eye tracking & 4 & 3 & 7 & 3 & 4 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 20: Extra and Jarir websites’ SEQ Scores. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Technique**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Number/Percentage of Usability Problems Detected**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Average**} & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Unique Issues** \\ **Severity Score** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Common Issues**} \\  & & **Per Severity Rating** & & & **to the Method** & & **(in Two or All Methods)** \\ \cline{2-7} \cline{6-7}  & **Total** & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & & \\ \hline Heuristic Evaluation & 24 & 3 & 7 & 9 & 5 & \\  & 66.66\% & 8.33\% & 19.44\% & 25\% & 13.89\% & 2.6 & 19 & 5 \\ \hline Usability Testing & 5 & 1 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2.6 & 1 & 4 \\ \hline Eye Tracking & 13.9\% & 2.78\% & 2.78\% & 5.56\% & 2.78\% & 2.6 & 1 & 4 \\ \hline Eye Tracking & 7 & 1 & 3 & 3 & 0 & 2.3 & 3 & 4 \\  & 19.44\% & 2.78\% & 8.33\% & 8.33\% & 0 & & \\ \hline Total & 36 & 5 & 11 & 14 & 6 & & & \\  & 13.9\% & 30.55\% & 38.89\% & 16.66\% & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 21: Effectiveness of behavioral measurement techniques for extra website. mainly related to the website functionalities, such as weak search and lack of compare and undo functionalities, and the website design, such as menu complexity, inconsistent item cards, and system response. Figure 21 shows the severity rating for the Extra website based on the behavioral measurement techniques. On the other hand, Table 22 shows a comparison of the effectiveness of the selected techniques for the Jarir website. The initial evaluation of Jarir's website using three behavioral measurement techniques uncovered 35 problems, 30 of which were determined as unique.