## 2 Construction Aspects for Energy Performance Improvement
### Location and Orientation
The F-DEMATEL methodology is an advanced approach within Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) that uses fuzzy logic to address uncertainties and subjectivities in the evaluation of criteria and their interactions, when choosing the location and orientation of renewable energy facilities, infrastructure projects, and urban planning, considering the environmental, social, and economic impacts of such decisions. This technique allows a detailed analysis of the interdependencies between variables such as water resources, soil quality, and sun exposure, improving decision-making under uncertain conditions. However, its effectiveness depends on the quality of the input information and the correct application of fuzzy logic concepts, posing challenges such as potential subjectivity in evaluations and the need for specialized knowledge for their implementation. Despite these limitations, F-DEMATEL offers a powerful tool for the systematic and enhanced analysis of the complexities involved in site selection and guidance for sustainable development projects, critical infrastructure, and implementation of renewable energy technologies, promoting more informed and robust decisions ([PERSON], 2018; [PERSON], 2018). After research, no record of direct use of the F-DEMATEL methodology was found in the selection of sites and guidelines for greenhouses, which indicates an opportunity for future research to explore its applicability in this specific context. Therefore, the location and orientation of the greenhouses are decisive for their thermal and energy efficiency and productivity. The careful choice of these aspects, combined with the use of advanced geographic analysis and climate modeling technologies, can lead to an optimized performance of the greenhouses, maximizing the sustainability and profitability of the agricultural project. The orientation of the greenhouse in relation to the sun, the use of natural shade and the adaptation to local climatic characteristics are determinants for the efficiency of solar energy harvesting ([PERSON], 2018). Figures 2 and 3 illustrate comparative studies of the daily solar incidence in greenhouses with two distinct orientations: east-west and north-south. In both figures, the  
greenhouses are represented by even-span models, and the sun's trajectory is symbolized by solar icons positioned at key times of the day: sunrise, noon, and sunset. Several recent studies on greenhouses highlight the importance of orientation, shape, and cover in energy efficiency and productivity. [PERSON] et al. [30] compared two different orientations of a vegetable greenhouse with respect to the east-west axis in Romania. The solar irradiation received by the greenhouse is estimated and the indoor air temperature profiles are numerically simulated throughout the day, in the winter and summer periods. The heating and cooling loads required to maintain a constant indoor air temperature during vegetation are calculated. The simulations reveal energy savings for east-west versus North-south orientation in both summer and winter. This study provides valuable insights for the design of heating and cooling equipment, ensuring the optimal microclimate within the greenhouse. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [31] looks at how solar radiation intensity and wind direction affect the internal temperature of tunnel greenhouses. It was observed that airflow patterns (laminar, transitional, and turbulent) influence the temperature behavior, also related to the variation of the drag coefficient as the Reynolds number changes. Using simulations in the Fluent software, the study integrates aerodynamic and thermal phenomena to understand the temperature variations inside the greenhouse as a function of wind direction and speed, concluding that these factors have a significant impact on the internal temperature of the greenhouse. [PERSON] et al.