## 2 Materials and Methods
### Crucial Factors Summarization and Experimental Methodology  
As LoRaWAN is using the license-free ISM bands, one can think of that as a huge advantage. If we analyze it from the scope of fixed costs, it is. On the other hand, when we are planning massive-capacity IoT networks in suburban and rural areas within Europe we are also facing problems that arise from the ISM spectrum access regulations. The duty cycle limitations revealed a lot of issues that are common for the majority of large-scale deployments. To overcome this issue the obvious answer is to set communication parameters in a way to achieve balance between capacity and coverage without reaching the duty cycle limits. Some studies have proven that in this step of the deployment several other problems could occur related to collisions, interference and power consumption of the EDs. As we mentioned before, both the ADR mechanism and bidirectional traffic issues are pointing somehow to these spectrum access regulations as a factor that exponentially affects the network performance in a non-recovery way. ADR mechanism convergence time is increasing as DR is increasing. Convergence time indirectly affects the ToA, which is increased directly when SF or payload size increases. Additionally, we have seen that bidirectional traffic causes issues of scalability, especially because downlinks in Europe are transmitted with SF12 which results in long transmission ToA. The impact is that as the number of EDs asking for ACKs increased, the successfully transmitted downlinks decreased, while as the number of retransmissions of EDs decreased the acknowledged uplinks decreased. The main issue is that all variables between uplinks that were acknowledged, successfully transmitted downlinks and convergence time are indirectly negatively affected by the increase of the number of deployed EDs, which drives us to the conclusion that every crucial factor tends to reflect on scalability. Simultaneously, a frequent and significant level of external interference is also argued as causing issues that lead to the limitation of LoRaWAN deployment capacity. This is a reasoning that undermines the optimal planning of the network itself even if scalability issues have been solved. Alt is drives us to the restriction of the total network capacity. Our methodology will be led by previous experiments in several literature evaluations. To facilitate the LoRaWAN community with some new insights about the utilization of worthwhile network deployment recipes we will try to evaluate different configuration scenarios to export the crucial communication factors' proximity. To claim anything on these we have to make a lot of observations on the cross relation of different factors. These observations will be led by the exploration of data rate allocation methodologies without ADR and SF12 and ACK avoidance, in an effort to break down these issues into simpler ones. The observations need to be made in a series of cases in a cause-to-response manner. We are defining our significant inputs (controlled variables) for this study (Table 1) among the DR, TX, distance of ED from GW, GW number, payload size, transmission interval, retransmissions, ACKs and the number of EDs. The goal is to study the relationships and causalities of these independent variables in order to create some directions for the network design process. These directions must be in a way that the aforementioned application-oriented QoS demands are respected.