# Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review
## 3 5G Networks--Outlook
### Architecture of 5G Networks  
The 5G networks for future applications in all domains provide prospects for a fully connected society. The proliferation of all connectivity between the devices provides a broader range of new business structures, which subsequently paves a path towards different industry profiles, such as energy and manufacturing sectors. In accordance with this, 5G shall provide subsequent connections between different analyses for human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interactions. The simultaneous co-existence with human and machine interactions shall provide different performance indications where a 5G network can provide magnificent support. There is a need to produce suitable architectures with slicing networks to satisfy the present day telecommunication paradigm. There are different existing 5G architectures, which are described thoroughly in Table 2 with comparisons made between them. In reference [45], a detailed analysis of cognitive radio based communication is explained in order to manage the need for proper network analysis in a smart grid with respect to the ranges involved. In references [46; 47; 48], a large measure of data was transferred for monitoring and control with respect to smart grid communications. This led to a massive competition regarding data transfer, which moved on to large radio spectrum. This work exhibits the need for multimedia communications and cognitive-based communication for the transfer of data. In [49; 50; 51], the importance of millimeter wave communications for 5G cellular is explained, which helps in understanding the 5G architecture with scalable interference for applications in various domains. The understanding of various domains for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) advanced networks and the different architecture delivery for energy efficient requirements through device-to-device communications with its advantages are explained in [52; 53; 54], which provide desirable architecture for 5G cellular networks for smart cities. The need for the proposed 5G architecture depends on different techniques. The new emerging concept of the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique [55] is very much capable of optimizing and improving the performance of 5G networks. This technique ensures the simultaneous usage of common spectra by different multiple users, but it also provides minimum interference among the users. Furthermore, this allows clusters of users with variable channel gains to transmit on the same radio resources. It also uses continuous interference cancellation during decoding of the signal at the receiver side. Figure 2 represents the overall 5G architecture, explaining the different advantages of each. An intracellular scheduling component is another important feature to build in 5G architecture. Opportunistic scheduling of the cells [56; 57] is imperative for achieving high throughput where there are more overloaded cells in the network. This provides the need for allocation resources to the active mobile network areas with the highest beneficial channel at the required time juncture. In accordance with the time, proper resource allocation is done with the channel based on the ratio between the cell