## 1 Introduction
The capability to obtain clinker wall products at 1000-1170 \({}^{\circ}\)C from easy-melting clay from the Alekseev deposit with diatomite from the Inzen deposit (the ratio of clay and diatomite is 70:30) has also been established. The composition of feldspars and quartz decreases, the content of cristobalite increases significantly, and the fraction of the glass phase increases significantly, accompanied by an increase in the compressive strength of the samples from 80 to 120 MPa and the flexural strength from 27 to 50 MPa. The authors of [6] proposed technology for the manufacturing of ceramic wall productions from a raw mixture consisting of 65% high-calcium fly ash, 35% microsilica, and 32% tall pitch emulsion (over 100%) with the addition of sodium hypochlorite at 5% (from weight) pitch. Lightweight ceramic products have been produced that meet the requirements of GOST 530-95 (GOST-Government standard) for wall ceramic products with an average density of 1230 kg/m\({}^{3}\), strength-grade M 100, frost resistance F 25, and thermal conductivity of 0.57 W/(m \({}^{\circ}\)C). In [7], to reduce the density of ceramic bricks, tuff wastes with particle sizes less than 1 mm were added to raw clay materials. Ceramic products with an average density ranging from 1550 to 1700 kg/m\({}^{3}\), compressive strength of 15.2 to 24.3 MPa, and water absorption of 9 to 12.2% were obtained. Further, volcanic ash with a particle size of 1 mm was introduced into the raw clay material with montmorillonite and polymineral compositions. The resulting ceramic samples had a density of 1710 (1700) kg/m\({}^{3}\), compressive strength of 22.1 (15.8) MPa, and water absorption of 9.8 (13.9)%, respectively. Compared to the original samples (without ash), their density was reduced by 18%. The test results showed that volcanic ash and volcanic tuff waste are effective processing aids for clay in the production of ceramic wall materials with enhanced thermal insulation characteristics. In [8], the ability to produce a lightweight aggregate based on loam from the Chagan field in the range of 50 to 80 wt.% and bentonite clay Pogadaev deposit (West Kazakhstanregion) in the range of 20 to 50 wt.% was investigated. Raw materials were mixed, moistened, and pelletized after preparation. Burning at 1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 20-30 min was conducted. The resulting lightweight aggregate showed the following characteristics: bulk density varied from 550 to 870 kg/m\({}^{3}\) and grade under compression in the cylinder 50-150 MPa. It has been established that the addition of bentonite to loess-like loam makes it possible to transfer loans from the non-intumescent category to the medium intumescent clay category. In addition, the presence of loess-like loam during the production of claytite increased the strength of the granules from 2.5 to 3 times. The authors of [9,10] present the results of studies on technology for the application of lightweight aggregates to natural diatomite. Aggregates were prepared using clinker and burning technologies. In the clinker technology, Portland cement M 400 was applied as a binder. Light aggregate granules were hardened in wet conditions. In the burning technology, local loam, sawdust, and coal were used as additives. Aggregates with a bulk density of 610 to 627 kg/m\({}^{3}\) and a compressive strength in the cylinder of 2.82 to 3.84 MPa were produced using clinker technology. According to the burning technology, aggregates with a bulk density of 532 to 819 kg/m\({}^{3}\) and a compressive strength in the cylinder ranging from 12.5 to 19.4 MPa were obtained. The resulting lightweight aggregates met the requirements of GOST (government standard) 32496-2013 \"Porous Aggregates for Lightweight Concrete. Technical regulations\". In [11], the development mass compounds based on local loam for the production of conditionally effective ceramics was studied.