## 6 Simulation Results
An increasing number of layers tended to reduce the occurrence of failures, irrespective of the cell angle. Figure 18 summarizes the temporal evolution of the relevant mechanical parameters of one representative for each core type; the respective reference values of the monolithic plate are also included. These values are later used for normalization. Apart from the dissipated energy, all quantities reached their absolute maximum within 0.6 milliseconds. This applies to all core variants considered in the article. Both the substantial performance capacity of these variants and the considerable performance variations among the different core designs for sandwich structures are evident even from this first overview. Figure 17: Deformation states of selected sandwich variants under blast loading (t = 0.6 ms). The qualitative and quantitative displacement curves do not present a uniform picture. For both the prismatic and the lattice cores, the maximum displacements of the lower cover surfaces occurred significantly later than for the homogeneous reference plate, and these values were also above the reference value of almost 25 mm. The selected auxetic honeycomb core, on the other hand, exhibited a temporal behavior comparable to the reference, with a reduced maximum deflection of about 20 mm. This also corresponded to the development of the energy dissipated by plastic deformations. As the main global deformations subsided and the local maximum displacements were reached, the energy dissipation practically reached individual plateaus. Due to the clearly pronounced deformations in the core area, the dissipation curves of the sandwich components drastically exceeded the reference characteristic curve of the monolithic reference panel from the very start of loading. In addition, in the case of the reaction forces transmitted to the substructure, the timings of the highest occurring load varied considerably. However, a reduction in the maximum forces was observed throughout all core designs. The reference value of approximately 0,5 MN was undercut considerably in some cases. A similar result was obtained when evaluating the accelerations. The measuring points experienced frequent changes in acceleration direction. Since the greatest interest in practical applications is the protection of the opposite side of the load, (positive) accelerations in the positive z-direction are considered consistently throughout this article. Here, the use of sandwich structures of the same mass led to a significant reduction in the acceleration peaks at the rear cover surface in the center of the panel. Figure 18: Temporal evolution of the relevant mechanical parameters during blast loading. Since the selected examples provide insight into the spectrum of qualitative curves and absolute values, only the core-dependent changes in maximum values compared to the monolithic reference plate are of interest in the following examples. First, let us examine the group of honeycomb cores. Due to the dominating membrane stress of the core constructions in the examined loading situation, this type of sandwich core design exhibited very stiff behavior. The deflection of the bottom face was reduced by up to 25% compared to the monolithic reference panel by using a conventional regular hexagonal construction; see Figure 19.  
The displacements in the auxetic cores increased steadily with increases in honeycomb size; values of 12.5-17.5% below the reference value were observed. A qualitatively similar relationship was observed for the sandwich top cover, as seen in Figure 20. With increases in \"span width\" within the individual auxetic cells, the deformation also increased and finally reached values above the reference value. Despite its larger cell support spans, the honeycomb pattern tended to have slightly smaller deflections. The maximum values of the other topologies were in between for both evaluation points. The comparatively high buckling resistance of honeycomb core cell walls was also reflected in the ratio of lower to upper displacement.