## 3 Results
### Results  
#### 3.2.1 Visualization of the Conceptualizations  
The sorting of the given public spaces for both samples is based on the participants inferring their experience of the places in the photographs. The descriptors the participants used in relation to this experience involve expected activities at those places, as well as emotions, feelings and senses felt from viewing the environments the photographs depicted. These descriptors either reflect an element of the three facets of place [102], or some combination of them. For example, descriptors for physical activities noted by participants include shopping, meeting friends, passing through, sitting, motion, etc. ; descriptors for emotions, feelings, and senses included tourism, cultural, happy, relaxed, meditative places or passive places, and other places. As each picture is coded and given an ID in the MSA procedure, it is possible to insert the original picture back into the two-dimension MSA outputs, which are originally presented with dots (with ID number) in the space (Figure 2). For _Sample One_, five regions emerged from the MSA output. 'General purpose places' (GPP) cluster situates in the middle of the plot, 'enclosed places' (EP) locates in the upper part and 'open places' (OP) positioned in the lower left area,'soft environment places' (SEP) are on the left side and 'hard environment places' (HEP) on the lower right. The structure progressed from the lower left 'OP'/SEP' region upward towards 'SEP'/GPP' then through 'GPP'/'EP' and finally ends at 'HEP'/'OP' which were in the lower right corner. Similarly, for _Sample Two_'s first sorting focusing on place experience, five regions appear in the MSA output. After plotting the original picture back to the map (Figure 3), one can see two 'GPP' items  
Figure 2: MSA output of Sample one. right in the center of the plot, adjacent to a pair of 'OP' in the mid-upper plot and several 'HEP' in the mid-upper right area; a group of 'EP' hangs in the mid to lower right area; and a set of 'SEP' appears at the lower left. The structure progresses from 'SEP' on the lower left side up to 'GPP' and 'OP' then ends at 'EP' on lower right side. Sorting directly addressing loneliness was carried out in the second sorting round of _Sample Two_. It presents a different MSA output than the first sorting. Repeating the same technique, places can be visualized on a two-dimensional map (Figure 4). Four regions emerged in this map. One is a set of places noted by the participants as 'general purpose places in the city that they can go to alone but are better to go to together with someone' (GPP-CP- GA/BT) which clusters in the middle of the plot. A second group of places that features a major presence of nature was given the descriptor 'local places that they can go to alone but are better to go to together with someone' (LP-GA/BT) gather in the left and upper left region. A set of places featuring mostly hard surfaces or built environment structures were noted as 'city places maybe they can go alone' (CP-MGA) are placed in the middle right region. A group of four described as 'local places that they can go alone' (LP-GA) that feature enclosed settings are located in the lower region of the plot. Although the two samples explored have chosen different sets of photographs, which can make any comparison challenging, they both carried out the sorting with a focus on a general place experience and their MSA outputs are mostly consistent. The 'SEP' region in Figures 2 and 3 are similar with  
Figure 3: MSA output of the first sorting round of Sample two. natural features such as water and greenery present. Public architecture venues with relatively classical building styles, such as museums, appear in the 'OP' region of both figures. Places for shopping and consumption can be seen in the 'EP' and 'HEP' regions in both samples as well. One exception was picture C (a local cafe), which was located slightly more toward the center in Figure 2 than in Figure 3, where it is on the edge of the plot.