# An Investigation of the Policies and Crucial Sectors of Smart Cities Based on IoT Application
## 4 Results and Discussion
### Strategic Policies for Boosting Economic Recovery of Smart Cities through the IoT
Based on the comprehensive explanations presented above, the most important barriers and the most appropriate solutions related to IoT-based SC development are presented in Table 1.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Sectors** & **Barriers** & **Solution** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Public transport} & More CO2 emissions due to increased private cars, increase in noise from private cars in cities, lack of monitoring patterns of transport use by citizens, absence or low use of monitoring systems, lack of safety and evidence in roads, congestion and traffic, sudden accidents, and defective roads & Utilization of proper patterns and use of monitoring sensors, utilization of different types of sensors to accurately monitor roads and improve GPS systems using data from drivers’ smartphones, and impovement in the quality of roads & Utilization of different types of sensors to accurately monitor roads and improve GPS systems using data from drivers’ smartphones, and impovement in the quality of roads & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Street lighting} & Lack of sensor-equipped street lights and defective lights & Streetlights with sensors and establishment of a connection between the sensors and cloud management, utilization of a monitoring-system switch to scan conditions and send signals to increase or dim the lights, and use of new lights (low consumption) & Streetlights with sensors and establishment of management, utilization of a monitoring-system switch to scan conditions and send signals to increase or dim the lights, and use of new lights (low consumption) & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Utilities} & Excessive consumption, extra expenses for fuel and electricity for which there is no need, lack of or improper use of smart meters and smart billing, shortage of revealing consumption patterns, and limited remote monitoring for citizens & T-equipped smart-To complete this Table, other investigations can be added. For example one of the greatest challenges at present is the low or inadequate quality of the life in many areas of the world. This means that in many areas, use of energy is not based on world standards and there is less use of modern technologies to manage it. This affects the quality of life of citizens, and, in particular, the economy of households [104,105]. Without a doubt, collection of the wastes in crowded areas especially cities, is important for citizens, because it prevents illness. Utilization of IoT is very important in providing more efficient waste management and overcoming other problems in this area [106]. Healthcare is one of the most important challenges for governments because low health of the citizens can have negative effects on people. In this regard, IoT systems can improve net health and increase people's health knowledge [107]. In addition, using e-health services, for instance in a global pandemic such as COVID-19, for data collection by citizens, for giving health advice through the Internet, and for increasing the health of medical staff is fruitful [108]. On the other hand, as mentioned previously, transportation systems are one of most important sectors in many countries because transport has a large effect on the environment and the movement of people. Therefore, today, the emergence of IoT systems inside cars and the conversion to smart cars (vehicles), helps the environment and can also move people easily without loss of time [109,110]. In addition, in order to reduce traffic and help the environment, greater utilization of bicycles and an increase in bike-sharing services has been implemented through IoT systems [111]. Moreover, to improve the electrical energy saving of the cars, increasing the lifetime of battery-operated devices (by up to a couple of years) by using of IoT systems is possible because IoT systems are able, during inactive periods, to keep the device in a low-power state [112]. The issue of the elderly and their care is also important in many countries.