## 2 Materials and Methods
### Phenolic Profile by HPLC-DAD/FLD and LC-QqQ-Ms  
The phenolic compounds were analysed by HPLC-DAD/FLD, as described by [PERSON], et al. (2020) [12], and offline HPLC-ESI(-)/QqQ/MS for the tentative identification of compounds. Briefly, a Eurosphere II Knauer (250 mm \(\times\) 4.6 mm \(\times\) 5 um, C18) from Lab Service Analytica, Bologna, Italy) with a C18 stationary phase was used, and mounted on a Nexera X2 UHPLC system (Shimadzu, Milano, Italy) equipped with a UV-Vis diode array (DAD) and a fluorescence detector. The HPLC mobile phase was solvent A (0.1% of LC-MS grade formic acid purchased from Merck Life Science S.r.l., Milano, Italy, in ultrapure water) and solvent B (0.1% formic acids in acetonitrile, MS grade). The gradient separation program was as follows: 1% B from 0 to 2.5 min; 1 to 25% B from 2.5 to 50 min; then 25% to 99% B in 1 min; 99% B from 51 to 55 min; back to 1% B from 55 to 58 min; and final reconditioning at 1% B phase from 58 to 60 min. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min. The peak integration was performed automatically by the software provided by Shimadzu (Labsolution) and the peak alignments were performed manually. Besides, unknown compound assignment was performed offline on an LC-DAD-ESI/QqQ/MS in negative mode (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) applying the same separation conditions and ESI- ionization mode. Table S1 shows the tentative compound identification by offline HPLC-DAD-ESI/QqQ/MS in negative mode [13; 14; 15; 16; 17]. Profile of Volatile Compounds with Headspace Microextraction Bidimensional Gas-Chromotagraphy Mass Spectrometry  
The volatile profile has been characterized by headspace solid-phase microextraction-bidimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME GC \(\times\) GC-ToF/MS, (LECO Italy S.r.l., Cassina de' Pecchi, Milano, Italy). For each  
Figure 1: Configuration of the shelves hosting the wine bottles during the storage. The image shows the bottles for the two shelves used in the study. wine sample, 4 mL was placed in a 10 mL vial along with 500 mg of NaCl and 5 \(\upmu\)L of a stock solution of internal standard (100 \(\upmu\)L of 3-methyl-2-pentanol--purchased from Merk Life Science S.r.l., Milano, Italy--in 10 mL of ethanol). For the analysis, each sample was incubated with 300 rpm stirring at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 15 min. Then, a pre-conditioned triphasic SPME fibre (50/30 \(\upmu\)m DVB/CAR/PDMS, Stableflex, 23 Ga, 1 cm--Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was inserted into the sample headspace. Then, the sample was injected for the analysis using an autosampler: the injection time was 6 min and the GC inlet was set at 240 \({}^{\circ}\)C. In the GC \(\times\) GC gas chromatograph, the first dimension was a polar MEGA-WAX spirit column (PEG phase) 40 m/0.18 mm/0.30 \(\upmu\)m, and the second column was a MEGA 1-HT 1.2 m/0.1 mm/0.1 \(\upmu\)m (MEGA, Milano, Italy). The flow modulator was a FLUX (Leco, Gelean, The Netherlands) that uses helium to modulate the passage of the eluent and the analytes from the first to the second dimension; the modulator parameters were set as a modulation period of 2.5 s and an injection time of 0.08 s. The fibre injection at the GC \(\times\) GC front inlet lasted 6 min at 240 \({}^{\circ}\)C, in spitless mode; the carrier gas flow rate applied was 1 mL/min. The separation was performed at a constant flow rate. The temperature ramp of the main GC oven was 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 6 min (injection), then from 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 180 \({}^{\circ}\)C at 3 \({}^{\circ}\)C/min, then from 180 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 240 \({}^{\circ}\)C at 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C/min, and 1 min at 240 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The secondary oven was kept constantly at +5 \({}^{\circ}\)C above the primary oven. Detection was performed on a pre-tuned ToF detector, according to the following parameters: solvent delay, 0 min; acquisition rate, 150 spectra/sec; acquisition mass, 35-650; extraction frequency, 32 kHz. The processing software ChromaToF(r) (LECO Corporation, Berlin, Germany) ver.