# Innovative Orthopedic Solutions for AI-Optimized Piezoelectric Implants for Superior Patient Care
## 3 Results Presentation
### Mechanical and Electrical Performance  
The custom-fabricated orthopedic implants embedded with piezoelectric elements were subjected to various mechanical loading conditions. The mechanical simulations and physical testing revealed that the optimized KEHDs could generate a maximum power output of 4.10 Watts, significantly surpassing traditional battery-powered solutions used in implants. This substantial power output was sufficient to support the continuous operation of embedded sensors and telemetry systems, enabling real-time health monitoring without external power sources. Finite element analysis was employed to simulate the behavior of the KEHDs within the implants under different loading scenarios. The FEA results indicated that the piezoelectric elements were strategically positioned to maximize energy capture while minimizing mechanical stress concentrations. The stress distribution within the implants was uniform, and the strain levels remained within safe operational limits, ensuring the structural integrity and longevity of the implants. The predictive model developed from the FEA data displayed a high accuracy rate of 97.8% in correlating displacement with power generation, highlighting the robustness and reliability of the model for clinical applications. Figure 3 comprises four subplots highlighting critical aspects of piezoelectric implants' optimization and performance analysis. Figure 3a shows the lagrange multiplier analysis. This plot shows the values of Lagrange multipliers for three different constraints during the optimization process across ten iterations. The blue, green, and red lines represent constraints 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The variations in the Lagrange multiplier values indicate how the optimization algorithm adjusts the importance of each constraint to achieve the best possible design. This analysis is crucial for understanding the trade-offs between competing objectives, such as maximizing power output while maintaining structural integrity. Figure 3b shows a power output comparison. Bar graph comparing traditional battery-powered implants' power outputs with the optimized piezoelectric implants. The optimized design achieved a power output of 4.1 Watts, significantly higher than the 2 Watts produced by conventional solutions. This demonstrates the superior energy harvesting capability of the optimized piezoelectric implants, highlighting their potential for continuous, self-sufficient operation without frequent battery replacements. Figure 3c shows the S-N curve (stress-number of cycles to failure). The S-N curve illustrates the relationship between applied stress (MPa) and the number of cycles to failure (N) in fatigue analysis. As stress decreases, the number of cycles to failure increases, showing the material's endurance limit. This curve is vital for assessing the long-term durability of the piezoelectric implants under cyclic loading conditions, ensuring they can withstand the mechanical demands of orthopedic applications. Figure 3d is a Weibull probability plot that presents the Weibull probability distribution for fatigue data. The x-axis represents the number of cycles to failure, while the y-axis indicates the cumulative probability. The data points (blue crosses) and the fitted Weibull line (dashed) statistically analyze the fatigue life. The Weibull distribution helps to predict the probability of failure at different stress levels, offering insights into the reliability and safety of the implants. Figure 3 encapsulates the multi-faceted approach of optimizing and validating piezoelectric implants for orthopedic use. The Lagrange multiplier analysis in Figure 3a demonstrates the sophisticated optimization process, balancing multiple design constraints. The power output comparison in Figure 3b underscores the significant improvement in energy harvesting efficiency achieved through optimization. Figure 3c,d provides a robust analysis of the implants' durability and reliability under cyclic loading, which is crucial for their long-term performance.