# Smart Healthcare Network Management: A Comprehensive Review
## 5 Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare System Network Management  
In this work, architecture is defined as the structure of components that are involved in the network management practice of smart healthcare systems, the relationships between them, and the policies, requirements, compliance, and standards that govern the operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning of networked systems. Network management architecture consists of three primary functions: (1) the transport of management information across the system, (2) the management of network elements, networks, services, and business, and (3) the storage of configuration management data. Even though the reference architecture deals with end-to-end network management, the focus of this work is on the segment that constitutes the patient's context (i.e., the sensors, actuators, gateways, and Internet interfaces). The rest of the network consists of traditional networks and elements managed by existing protocols. The requirements for smart healthcare system network management architecture are outlined in Table 3, detailing the key design considerations necessary for ensuring efficient, secure, and scalable network management in smart healthcare environments [88]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Requirement** & **Description** & **Measurable Criteria** & **Importance** & **Management Function** \\ \hline Fault management & Deal with faults that occur in the network, such as device or software failures. Expand to serve the growing demand for smart healthcare services. Move data, components, applications, and resources efficiently. Support new functionalities and new environments. Limit radio transmission power to prevent heating effects. & Network monitoring, alarm management, and trouble ticketing. The number of users, sensors per user, data volume. & Critical & Fault \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Move data, components, applications, and resources efficiently. Support new functionalities and new environments. Limit radio transmission power to prevent heating effects. & Temperature threshold, time at threshold. Energy dissipation metrics. & Important & Configuration \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Efficient monitoring and configuration to save energy. Implement inventory & & Energy dissipation metrics. & Important & Configuration \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Implement inventory & Asset management system. & Important & Configuration \\  & tracking as part of network management. & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Monitor the entire system from a single location. & Configuration management support. & Useful & Configuration \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Ensure compliance with SLAs and policies. & SLA adherence. & Important & Account \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Support real-time WBAN Communication Services for use. & QoS metrics. & Important & Performance \\  & Proactive failure detection and management. & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Restore the system after failure or interruptions. & & & \\  & Protect infrastructure, data, and applications. & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Support patient independence with mobility features. & Tracking mobility using protocols. & Critical & Mobility Management \\ \multirow{3}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Identify objects like healthcare recipients, sensors, and PDAs. & The uniqueness and correctness of object IDs. & Critical & Identity Management \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Smart healthcare system network management architecture requirements. Smart healthcare systems integrate sensing, actuation, and control functions to assess and analyze situations, enabling predictive or adaptive decision-making that leads to intelligent actions.