# Advances and Challenges in IoT-Based Smart Drug Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review
## 3 Applications of Smart Drug Delivery Devices
### Wearable Smart Drug Delivery Devices
#### 3.1.2. Wearable Infusion Pumps  
Wearable infusion pumps deliver medications through a catheter under the skin. They are portable, discreet, and programmed to administer precise doses at specific times, providing continuous medication throughout the day. Wearable infusion pumps offer convenient and mobile delivery of medication while minimising infection risk by avoiding disturbance to the infusion site. Wearable infusion pumps offer precise dosing and can adjust medication based on real-time glucose levels for personalised treatment. The wearable infusion pumps for smart drug delivery, and their limitations, are listed in Table 2.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Ref.** & **Brand Name** & **Name** & **Key Features** & **Drug Delivered** & **Limitations** \\ \hline
[22] & \begin{tabular}{c} Tandem Diabetes \\ Care \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Tsim X2 Insulin Pump \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Wearable insulin pump with \\ touchscreen interface and \\ Bluetooth connectivity. \\ \end{tabular} & Insulin &
\begin{tabular}{c} Device recharging required, \\ infection risk, malfunctions. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[23] & \begin{tabular}{c} Insulet \\ Management System \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Omnipod DASH® Insulin \\ Customizable insulin delivery, \\ waterproof for 72 h. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Wireless pump with \\ handheld controller, \\ customizable insulin delivery, \\ waterproof for 72 h. \\ \end{tabular} & Insulin &
\begin{tabular}{c} Training required, frequent \\ pod changes. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[24] & \begin{tabular}{c} Medtronic \\ Infusion System \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} SynchroMedTM II \\ Infusion System \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Programmable implanted \\ pump for spinal drug \\ delivery. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Pain and spasticity \\ medications \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Implant surgery needed, \\ finite battery, \\ complications. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[25] & \begin{tabular}{c} Zyno Medical \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Z-800F Infusion Pump \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Portable wearable pump for \\ medication infusion. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Pain medications, \\ chemotherapy, and \\ other medications \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Single medication delivery, \\ incompatible with certain \\ medicines. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[26] & \begin{tabular}{c} Smith’s Medical \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} CADD® Solis Ambulatory \\ Infusion Pump \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Programmable wearable \\ pump that delivers \\ medication via a small, \\ lightweight pump. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Pain medications, \\ chemotherapy, and \\ other medications \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Limited mobility, not \\ suitable for all patients. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[27] & \begin{tabular}{c} Insulet \\ Control System \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Omnipod® HorizonTM \\ Automated Glucose \\ Control System \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} A tubeless, wearable insulin \\ pump that is currently in \\ development for the delivery \\ of both insulin and glucagon \\ to automatically control \\ glucose concentrations in \\ people diagnosed with type \\ 1 diabetes. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Insulin and glucagon \\ for people with type \\ 1 diabetes \\ conditions exclusion. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: List of wearable infusion pumps for smart drug delivery.