## 5 Meta Heuristic Strategies for Node Scheduling
### Bio-Inspired Optimal Mechanism for VBNL
To validate the preliminary results, we take the following parameters: localization accuracy, node losses, end-to-end delay, energy tax and beacon-based broadcasting error. Our preliminary results concern the evolving of a bunch of 300 nodes until it reaches 550 according to the simulation scenario environment. Inside the evaluation: the number of rounds for energy exhausted, number of received packets, surviving nodes, packet delivery ratio, number of successfully received packets with increased the quality of nodes, energy consumption, residual energy, alive/surviving and dead nodes during broadcasting and localization scenario when localization accuracy is set against different base loads. For smooth simulation purposes and understanding the behavior under study technique, these parameters are grouped into two categories. In Figure 5, the x-axis shows the number of nodes that as used in the experiment while the y-axis shows energy exhausted rounds. Figure 5 represents the energy exhausted during the mining of BC nodes to get VBN against LFA and the BFA output. These VBN nodes are also called verified beacon nodes (VBN). Further, the data forwarding is smooth as the number of nodes is increased. Moreover, the relationship between BNL and VBNL selection that used further beacon-based broadcasting is interlinked. This pattern with increasing number of nodes from 500 to 520 can be observed in Figure 5 and it reached

Figure 4: Nodes Deployment in dimension of 2000*2000*2000. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Simulation Parameter** & **Value** \\ \hline Network Simulator & NS-3 (v3.35) \\ \hline Topology Size & 2000 m \(\times\) 2000 m \(\times\) 2000 m \\ \hline Initial Energy & 100 J \\ \hline Acoustic Network Speed & 1500 m/s \\ \hline Number of Nodes & 700 (including sinks) \\ \hline Transmission range & 200 m \\ \hline Data packet size & 50 B \\ \hline Beacon message size & 54 B \\ \hline Bandwidth & 2 Mbps \\ \hline Traffic Type & CBR \\ \hline Packet Size & 512 bytes \\ \hline Previous Hash & 16 bytes \\ \hline Block Header/Block Size & 80/8 bytes \\ \hline Link Type of Queue & Queue Drop Trail \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Simulation Parameters and their Values. 540 with increasing trend. Our findings show that the increasing trends of the number of nodes do not sufficiently impact the energy exhausted. Figure 6 represents the behavior of number of received packets vs. number of rounds that are being recorded. The x-axis shows that the total number of received packets for VBNL is maximum. It also recorded the pattern when the rounds are increased and the packets recounts also rapidly increased; therefore, a directly proportional relation exists between these two variations. The impacts of alive nodes and dead nodes are shown in Figures 7 and 8, respectively. Similarly, the PDR is represented in Figure 9. From Figure 10, it can be observed that one third of the total number of nodes (almost 270) has survived during simulation, for example, if 1200 rounds are applied, only 400 nodes survived rest of the simulation. The energy consumption and residual energy have been analyzed in Figures 11 and 12, respectively. The energy is measured in joules (i) for beacon broadcasting and data forwarding processes with respect to 900, 1000 and 1100 rounds as depicted in Figure 13. In order to evaluate the performance of the system, we take different network loads and record the waiting time values when a BC functioning are onboard. It is interesting to know that, regarding the different loads the node losses and localization accuracy is not much disturbed while E2E delay has a slight impact on the overall performance of the proposed scheme. In Figure 13, the waiting time was recorded as 5 and 5.5 h while the additional waiting time of 1 h to its previous value for localization accuracy, E2E delay, and node loses are observed. Figure 6: Number of received packets. Figure 7: Analysis of alive nodes. Figure 8: Analysis of dead nodes. Figure 9: Analysis of PDR. Figure 11: Energy consumption.