###### Abstract  
Freshwater scarcity demands innovative solutions, and Atmospheric Water Generation (AWG) technology offers a promising approach. This study applies a data-driven optimization methodology to enhance AWG efficiency by improving condensation surface design using Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures. Five TPMS types (Gyroid, Diamond, Lidinoid, SplitP, and Schwartz) were evaluated using thermal simulations in nTop, and a regression-based predictive model was developed to assess the impact of lattice thickness and cell size on surface area to volume ratio (SA/V\({}_{\text{S}}\)) and temperature difference (\(\Delta\)T). A multi-objective optimization approach, incorporating sensitivity-weighted desirability analysis, identified optimal design parameters under varying performance priorities. Results show Schwartz exhibits the highest tunability, with both factors significantly influencing its performance, while other TPMS types are primarily governed by lattice thickness. By integrating regression modeling, multi-objective optimization, and sensitivity analysis, this study provides a systematic framework for AWG surface design, offering scalable insights for thermal management and moisture collection efficiency in sustainable water harvesting applications. The two main atmospheric factors that directly affect the amount of water that can be condensed are the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity. The process of producing water from air humidity requires less energy when the humidity is high and thus the most suitable atmospheric conditions are hot and humid. This is why AWG has been often integrated with other systems such as rainwater or city water supply to ensure a consistent water supply [5]. Some popular methods for AWG are based on the ideal gas law, desiccation, and separation membranes [6]. Thermoelectric cooling by Peltier device [7] and thermoacoustic refrigeration (TAR) are other innovative clean technology [8]. The primary goal of this research is to advance the efficiency of Peltier-driven AWG by optimizing the properties of condensation surfaces. Previous research has shown that hybrid and modified surfaces with ridge and structures have improved the amount of water collected by AWG [9]. The most popular condensation surfaces for Peltier-based AWG are coated metal flat plates, heatsink-like fins [10], parallel array of cooling plates [11], etc. Ribbed or grooved structures such as micro-grooved copper wires are used for significant enhancement of fog and dew harvesting [12]. Additionally, biomimetic designs inspired by plants and animals often incorporate surface grooves to enhance water flow and retention during fog harvesting. All these structures have one thing in common--a two-dimensional condensation surface. For fin-like structures, the flat plates are arranged in a way that looks like a heatsink to make a three-dimensional capturing surface. While having flat plate-like structures have the advantage of altering the surface wettability in various ways, such as laser texturing, sandblasting, chemical etching, etc., it lacks the opportunity of maximizing the surface area of a given 3D space. TPMS structures modeled in nTop are considered here to be the condensation surface that is to be mounted on the cold side of the Peltier. These three-dimensional structures possess an exceptionally large surface area due to their intricate surface design and are expected to condensate a larger amount of atmospheric moisture. Previous research has shown that hybrid and modified surfaces with ridge and structures have improved the amount of water collected by AWG [9]. This study explores the viability of TPMS in terms of providing a maximum surface area to volume ratio and minimum temperature difference between the cold base and warm top surface of the models. The former is to achieve the largest possible surface area for condensation and the latter is to achieve efficient cooling from the Peltier.