## 1 Introduction  
The ED Basin is a significant production area of tight gas in China with a total gas reserve up to 10.37 \(\times\) 10\({}^{12}\) gm\({}^{3}\), indicating a promising and sustainable potential for exploration and development [1, 2, 3]. Although the gas reservoirs in the eastern region of the ED Basin are vertically superimposed in multiple layers with their stable distributions, each of the individual layers is relatively thin with a small reserve [4]. The single-layer development of these multilayer tight gas reservoirs often falls short of achieving industrial or commercial production capacity and yields subpar economic benefits, thus necessitating the implementation of commingled multilayer production [5, 6]. Both the heterogeneity of these reservoirs and their significant pressure differentials between layers, however, result in interlayer gas backflow and uneven reserve utilization in commingled multilayer production, ultimately leading to a reduction in gas output compared to the cumulative production from single-layer development [7, 8]. Therefore, it is of a practical significance to delineate interlayer interference characteristics and determine the reasonable multilayer development strategies in the ED Basin. In practice, commmingled multilayer production involves employing reasonable completion techniques within a single wellbore to effectively and efficiently extract gas from multiple vertically superimposed reservoirs, thereby optimizing gas yield and offsetting drilling expenses [9]. Due to differences in sedimentary depositions, diagenesis, and other factors between gas layers, not only do the porosity, permeability, and pore-throat structure of each layer vary significantly, but also the effect of pressure differences between any two vertical layers is noticeable [10; 11]. During commmingled multilayer production, significant variations in reservoir pressure and pressure coefficients between different layers result in fluids flowing back from a high-pressure layer into a low-pressure one, causing interlayer crossflow and thus affecting the production contribution and recovery factor of each layer [12; 13]. The commmingled exploitation scheme, together with the prorated flow rate of each layer, imposes an impact on the degree of interlayer interference, productivity together with its dynamic variation characteristics, and recovery efficiency [14; 15]. Physical simulation experiments allow us to visualize the interlayer interference between various layers during commmingled multilayer production. In practice, gas depletion experiments were conducted by employing two or three single-core plugs in a parallel manner to simulate the commingled production of multiple gas layers, aiming to instantaneously investigate the impact of pressure, permeability, and other factors on the interlayer interference, gas flow rate, and recovery efficiency for each layer [16]. To ensure the consistent petrophysical properties of the inherent randomness of a single-core plug, an elongated core plug was cut into multiple short ones to simulate a specific production layer, thereby enhancing the accuracy of simulating gas flow between various layers during commingled multilayer production [17]. Based on permeability and pressure difference, together with the contribution ratio of gas production during commingled coabled methane production, a framework for assessing the associated compatibility was proposed [18]. To quantify the degree of interlayer interference during commingled multilayer production, the concept of an interlayer interference coefficient was proposed based on actual gas well production data [19; 20; 21]. So far, not only have no systematic attempts been made to physically simulate commingled multilayer production by taking the petrophysical properties, pore-throat structure, pressure, and controlled reserves of each layer into account, but also no methods have been proposed to evaluate the extent of interlayer interference in physical simulation experiments.