## 1 Introduction  
Logistics, a service network supporting the transportation of tangible products, plays a critical role in facilitating international trade through activities such as transport, delivery, terminal operations, brokerage, warehousing, and data handling. A country's capacity to participate effectively in international trade largely depends on traders with access to well-organized logistics frameworks [1]. Recent developments, including the growing competitiveness of less developed regions and the effects of globalization, have significantly influenced international trade. These factors have profoundly impacted logistics, an essential factor in lowering expenses during times of increased international trade by guaranteeing the security and efficiency of products and easing their transportation [2]. With globalization, logistics has become a fundamental component of international trade. Effective logistics services not only enhance the mobility, safety, and speed of products but also contribute to reducing costs in cross-border trade [3]. This has created a need for systems to evaluate logistics performance [4]. Various metrics can be used to evaluate logistics performance, which plays a critical role in promoting trade expansion and is a significant determinant of national economic growth [5]. Evaluation can occur on a granular scale for individual companies or departments, while the overall performance of a nation or continent can be assessed on a macro scale. Over time, different approaches have been suggested for evaluating performance, encompassing raw financial data, input/output metrics, cost statistics, and performance benefits to assess the attainment of objectives across different areas [6]. Recognizing the importance of logistics for the national economy, a thorough evaluation was required. This led the World Bank research team to develop the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) in 2007 [4]. The LPI is a comprehensive indicator designed to help nations identify both the obstacles and opportunities present in their trade logistics performance [7]. Created by the World Bank to evaluate logistics performance across 160 countries, the LPI ranks countries based on their logistics quality. It serves as an interactive tool for countries to identify obstacles and prospects in their trade and logistics activities and to receive recommendations for performance improvement [8]. The LPI functions as a tool to pinpoint obstacles and potential advantages in the logistics of the analyzed region or country, offering pathways for enhancing logistical effectiveness. It represents the average score adjusted by weights derived from six essential criteria: \"customs, infrastructure, international shipments, logistics competence and quality, timeliness, and tracking and tracing\" [9]. The LPI is derived from a survey capturing the views and experiences of logistics experts, freight forwarders, and customs brokers across different countries concerning logistics operations [10]. It assigns scores on a scale from 1 to 5, where higher scores reflect superior logistics performance [11]. By employing principal component analysis, the World Bank assigns equal weight to indicators when determining LPI values, which can impede countries from crafting effective policies [12]. Research on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) has gained significant traction within the field of operational research, especially over the past twenty years [13]. However, the use of MCDM techniques in the evaluation countries' LPI has been neglected. Currently, there are more than 200 types of MCDM methods [14]. Among these, the simple weighted aggregation method is the simplest and most primitive method used in LPI assessment. A classical approach is adopted to assign weights to the criteria in LPI. However, MCDM has several alternative weight coefficient assignment methods. Moreover, LPI is not interested in measuring the sensitivity of the rankings, nor does it benefit from MCDM insights in data normalization.