###### Abstract  
Although mobile hemodialysisist treatments have been found to be an effective alternative to current in-center and home-based hemodialysis treatments, many barriers to its successful implementation remain. These barriers include the lack of considering user-centered monitoring protocols. This study investigates 24 patients' and 12 care partners' expectations for monitoring procedures for a mobile hemodialysis device. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted at three locations within the Veterans Affairs Health Care System: Seattle, WA; Nashville, TN; and Louisville, KY. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed using inductive or deductive content analysis approaches. We identified 10 categories of indicators suggesting patients' needs to receive dialysis treatment and 11 categories of indicators suggesting patients' successful dialysis treatment. Furthermore, we identified six categories of patients' and care partners' design expectations for monitoring procedures. The findings from this study have the potential to guide the development of a monitoring system to help ensure users' acceptance of future mobile hemodialysis devices.  
mobile dialysis device; monitoring procedures; dialysis patients; content analysis; human factors engineering +
Footnote †: journal: Medical  
a distance away from the patient's home [2,11]. Evidence suggests that frequent home hemodialysis treatments not only reduces the risk of mortality but also improve health outcomes and quality of life [12, 13, 14]. In addition, performing home hemodialysis improves patients' independence and employment potential [9,15]. Despite these advantages, home-based dialysis remains severely underused in the United States. In 2018, only 1.8% of all ESRD dialysis patients performed hemodialysis in their homes [16], indicating only a small number of patients successfully adopt home hemodialysis treatments. Challenges to adoption have been linked to the designs of current home hemodialysis devices. Home hemodialysis devices in the United States are large, heavy, and stationary devices with limited portability, restricting patients' mobility during treatment. Currently, patients on home hemodialysis spend multiple hours several times a week connected to a stationary device, with a subsequent loss of independent living [17,18].  
To overcome the limitations of current home hemodialysis treatment, researchers have begun envisioning and designing a mobile dialysis device [17,19, 20, 21, 22]. Mobile dialysis treatments allow an ESRD patient to undergo continuous dialysis treatments that more closely resemble normal kidney functioning [17]. Such treatment modifications provide the patient with increased freedom of treatment timing and location by allowing the patient to wear a dialysis device during their daily routines [22]. Research has shown that treatment using a mobile dialysis device is an effective alternative to current dialysis technology [19]. The Center for Dialysis Innovation (CDI) at the University of Washington is developing a mobile hemodialysis device called the Ambulatory Kidney to Improve Vitality [22]. The AKTV aims to improve the lives of patients with ESRD by providing them with increased mobility and confidence in self-managing their dialysis treatments.