# A Modular Experimentation Methodology for 5G Deployments: The 5 GENESIS Approach
## 5 Experimental Setup
### Scenario Definition  
Three different scenarios have been defined. Table 3 shows the SC_LoS_PS scenario, which refers to a LoS situation, where Proactive Scheduling (PS)--a vendor-specific feature in the gNB--is activated. The other two scenarios, which are denoted SC_LoS and SC_NLoS_PS, are similar to SC_LoS_PS, but differ in PS deactivation (SC_LoS) or UE location, which is non LoS (NLoS) in SC_NLoS_PS. (For simplicity, in the following we will also refer to SC_LoS_PS (and SC_LoS) and SC_NLoS_PS as LoS and NLoS scenarios, respectively, with clear mapping between the two notations.) Next, we discuss, with more detail, the configurations in Table 3.  
After identifying the technology (5G NR) and the deployment mode (NSA), the next scenario parameter is the LTE to NR frame shift. This setting governs the relative time difference between the start of the frame timing for both technologies. With a shift of 3 ms, subframe 0 in one technology will start together with subframe 3 in the other. Regarding the cell power, the 5G NR cell transmits at 10 W (40 dBm), with an average power density of 0.25 W/MHz in the full channel, which is located in n78 band, i.e., 3300 to 3800 MHz. A 5G NR channel of 40 MHz is nominally adopted, with 5G NR numerology 1 and SubCarrier Spacing (SCS) of 30 kHz. In this case, the maximum number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) that can be used is 106, as per 3 GPP TS 38.101-3 ([55] Section 5.3.2). Moreover, the 5G carrier is currently configured to use two antennas. Hence, we can enable a maximum of two layers to increase the throughput, taking advantage of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) diversity using close loop spatial multiplexing. We also use a single beam and a maximum modulation of 256-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (256-QAM). As per 5G NR Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) mapping in TS 38.214 ([56] Table 5.1.3.1), 256-QAM modulation is enabled with the maximum MCS of 27, 8 bits encoded per OFDM symbol, and a coding rate of 948/1024. In this setup, the L1 payload spectral efficiency results of 7.4063 bits per symbol. The use of Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, together with 30 kHz SCS, results in a time resolution of 500 \(\upmu\)s for each individual transmission. Within such a time slot, there are 14 OFDM symbols. Of those, 11 symbols are effectively used for data transmission, as the other three are used for control information and demodulation of reference signals. At frame level, a 2/8 pattern translates to DDDDDDDDUU, i.e., a 5 ms pattern of seven DL slots (two patterns per 10 ms frame), one special slot, and two uplink (UL) slots is used. When considering that our test cases focus on DL throughput, only the DL slots are effectively used for user data transmission. With the above setup, the maximum theoretical DL throughput is of approximately 290 Mbps, derived from multiplying the number of layers (2), PRBs (106), OFDM data symbols (11), and bits per symbol (8 bits), with the coding rate (0.926), the number of slots in DL used for data transmission (7), the patterns per frame (2), and the number of frames in one second (100). As anticipated above, we use PS in SC_LoS_PS and SC_NLoS_PS scenarios, which is a feature that is available in the gNBs of the UMA deployment. On the one hand, in a generic scheduling configuration, when a UE needs to transmit data after being inactive for a long interval, it has to request an UL grant via scheduling requests or even a dedicated connection through Random Access Channel (RACH). Once the RACH contention is resolved or a scheduling request is successfully received, the UE will be able to transmit data. This process takes non negligible time and it may not be optimal for delay-critical use cases. On the other hand, when PS is used, the transmission latency is minimized, since the gNB pre-assigns resources to the UE, even if the latter has not explicitly requested them yet.