# Mathematical Models for Named Data Networking Producer Mobility Techniques: A Review
## 2 NDN Architecture and Mobility Component  
NDN has a distinct methodology compared to IP, prioritizing data over hosts, rendering it a more suitable choice for numerous IoT and content-centric scenarios. Within the NDN architecture, consumers transmit interest messages to producers to request specific data explicitly. If a data packet is absent in the local Content Store (CS), the interest is transmitted around the NDN network until the producer can supply the required data. Subsequently, the received data packet is stored in the CS of the NDN routers along the route for future utilization. The NDN architecture offers a versatile and effective method for retrieving and disseminating data across the Internet. Similar to the basic NDN, NDN mobility generally has consumer and producer mobility. Additionally, it offers improved security functionalities, including cryptographic signatures and a naming structure, simplifying access control and data privacy implementation. NDN mobility, like its simple counterpart, encompasses consumer and producer mobility. Moreover, it offers improved security functionalities, including cryptographic signatures and a naming structure, simplifying access control and data privacy implementation. NDN mobility, like its simple counterpart, encompasses consumer and producer mobility. Figure 4 illustrates the operational procedure of consumer mobility and the support provided for producer mobility. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Year** & **Domain/Focus Area** & **Reference** & **Simulation Tools** & **Method** & **Parameter** \\ \hline
2021 & Vehicular, cache & [41, 42] & ndnSIM & Mobility, bloom filter & Speed, delivery, transmission range, and distance between vehicles \\ \hline
2022 & Vehicular, security, mobility, forwarding & [43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 54, 55, 56, 57] & Omnet++, SUMO, and Veins & Routing, caching, and security & Cache \\ \hline
2023 & Architecture, application, technology, security, caching & [49, 50, 51, 52, 53] & ndnSIM & Security, caching & Interest flooding attack \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._  
Figure 3: NDN review article percentages. The impact of NDN data access requirements on producer mobility strategies is significant. Consumers can efficiently retrieve content by indicating their interest in data through content names, thereby influencing the need for producer mobility solutions to enable continued access to content as producers move within the network. Effective caching solutions play a crucial role in minimizing latency and optimizing network resource utilization by storing content along the data stream. Consequently, producer mobility plans should consider the caching's impact on content availability and the efficiency of accessing cached material. An evaluation of routing algorithms and tactics is essential to enhancing the efficiency of data packet forwarding by considering content names. This evaluation influences the design of producer mobility strategies, enabling dynamic adjustment of routing tables based on changing content source locations. Furthermore, simulation of dynamic network conditions is necessary to assess NDN's responsiveness to changes in topology, producer mobility, and fluctuating demand patterns. Given the ever-changing nature of network conditions, producer mobility methods must adapt effectively to ensure uninterrupted access to content. Technological Advancement NDN Producer Mobility Strategies  
Recent research has focused on examining the tactics employed by producers to enhance their mobility. The Real-Time Adaptive Mobility (RAM) system implements a dynamic strategy to alter producer mobility in response to real-time changes in network conditions [59]. Other than that, it fulfills changing data access requirements by offering a dynamic and flexible approach to producer mobility in real-time situations.