###### Abstract  
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are nosocomial infections, causing more than one million cases per year. CAUTIs cause serious health issues; in addition, the cost of replacement of the device constrains the employment of urological devices. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel biomaterials for use in catheters. In this study, poly hydroxyethyl-methacrylate p(HEMA) and drugs-loaded p(HEMA) with ampicillin trihydrate (AMP), levofloxacin (LVX), and drug combinations were prepared using free radical polymerization. The characterization of the dried films included the determination of glass transition temperature (Tg), ultimate tensile strength, elongation percentage, and Young's modulus. Formulation toxicity, antimicrobial activity, and biofilm-formation ability were tested. Decreases in Tg value, U.T.S., and Young's modulus, and an increase in elongation percentage were observed in AMP-loaded p(HEMA). Different ratios of drug combinations increased the Tg values. The films exhibited a cell viability higher than 80% on HEK 293 cells. Antimicrobial activity increased when p(HEMA) was loaded with LVX or a combination of LVX and AMP. Biofilm-forming ability reduced after the addition of antimicrobial agents to the films. p(HEMA) impregnated with AMP, LVX, and drug combinations showed significantly increased antimicrobial activity and decreased biofilm-forming ability compared with p(HEMA), in addition to the effects on (HEMA) mechanical properties.  
poly hydroxyethyl-methacrylate p(HEMA); levofloxacin; ampicillin trihydrate; pH sensitive hydrogels; microbial biofilm; antimicrobial activity +
Footnote †: journal: Appl.  
broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections [11] with a respectable spectrum of activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [12].  
pH-responsive hydrogels are stimuli-responsive polymers responding to pH changes through structural and property modifications, such as surface activity, chain conformation, and solubility [13; 14]. Therefore, drug-loaded pH-responsive hydrogels have been organized as delivery systems, such as anti-bacterial agents for pH-tunable drug release [15].  
Poly hydroxymethyl-methacrylate p(HEMA) is a pH-sensitive polymer, containing anionic hydrogel with a primary alcohol [16] that has hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties; it is non-toxic, transparent, and insoluble in water [17; 18]. Furthermore, p(HEMA) offers stable mechanical properties [19]. p(HEMA) is reported to be prepared by additional polymerization (free radical polymerization) of free radical initiator (2.2-azobis (2-methyl-propionitrile)) [20]. p(HEMA) has been used in various applications such as contact lenses, drug delivery vehicles, tissue engineering scaffolds, and in urinary catheters [21; 22; 23].  
The objective of the study was to develop a coating layer for the urological devices composed of poly hydroxymethyl-methacrylate p(HEMA). p(HEMA) loaded with ampicillin trihydrate (AMP), levofloxacin (LVX), and equal and different ratios of the drug combinations. This was subsequently followed by an examination of the glass transition temperature, tensile properties, cell line toxicity, antimicrobial activity, and biofilm-formation ability.