## 8 Conclusions
### Comparative Synthesis and Evaluation Framework  
To complement the preceding conclusions and support more informed decision-making, a comparative framework has been developed to assess the relative strengths and limitations of the three SRM streams analyzed in this review, cellulose fibers, mining tailings, and metallurgical slags, across multiple dimensions. While previous sections have explored their specific applications, technical performance, and environmental potential, this synthesis aims to articulate how these materials differ in practical deployment, maturity of use, and the trade-offs involved in their adoption. The framework presented in Table 5 is structured around four key evaluation criteria: (i) technical performance (e.g., strength, durability, workability), (ii) environmental impact (e.g., emission reduction potential, resource conservation), (iii) economic viability (e.g., cost of processing, scalability, market value), and (iv) regulatory and standardization context (e.g., availability of technical standards, acceptance in codes and regulations). This multi-criteria perspective enables a more integrated understanding of how each SRM aligns with different construction needs and sustainability goals. This analysis highlights that metallurgical slags generally score highest in terms of technical performance and standardization, benefiting from decades of research, codification, and widespread industrial integration. Mining tailings, though offering high potential for volume replacement and localized sourcing, are more heterogeneous in composition, and face greater regulatory and environmental scrutiny, requiring site-specific adaptation. Cellulose-based materials, on the other hand, stand out for their low environmental footprint and suitability in thermal and acoustic insulation, but raise questions of long-term durability in structural applications, especially under moisture exposure. Ultimately, this comparative evaluation reinforces the need for material-specific vaporization strategies guided not only by sustainability metrics, but by technical feasibility, life-cycle performance, and regulatory readiness. It also suggests that hybrid approaches, combining different SRMs according to context-specific priorities, may offer a pathway toward more robust and scalable circular construction solutions. To complement the comparative summary presented in Table 5, Figure 2 provides a visual synthesis of the relative strengths and limitations of each material stream across key performance and sustainability dimensions. This radar chart highlights the distinct profiles of the three material types: cellulose excels in insulation and environmental metrics, while metallurgy slags demonstrate superior mechanical performance and industrial maturity. Mining tailings, although versatile, show high variability and require tailored approaches depending on source and processing conditions. The values assigned to each criterion in the radar chart (ranging from 1 to 5) are qualitative and comparative, not absolute. They were derived directly from the cross-sectional analysis conducted in this section Table 5. This evaluation is based on the synthesis of the published literature included in the review. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
\begin{tabular}{c} \hline \hline
**Evaluation Criteria** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Technical performance} & Moderate; enhances tensile strength and crack control; durability \\  & depends on moisture protection \\  & Very high; renewable source, low \\  & & & \\  & & \\ Environmental impact & CO\({}_{2}\) footprint, promotes insulation \\  & and lightweight design \\  & & & \\  & & \\  & & \\ \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c} \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Comparative summary of reviewed SRM.