###### Abstract  
In the field of mineral exploration, geophysical method selection often relies on experience, yet research on ore deposit geophysical models remains insufficient. Addressing this gap, a new exploration model was proposed based on the Jinding lead-zinc mining area, which was integrated as follows: geophysical model-numerical simulation-exploration method selection-field experiments-electrical structure. Firstly, based on geological models and rock-ore resistivity data, a three-dimensional geophysical electrical model of the mining area was constructed for the first time. Secondly, in response to the demands of deep mineral exploration, the CSAMT method with a large exploration depth was initially selected. Then, the coupled finite element-infinite element method was employed to perform forward modeling on the three-dimensional model in order to verify the effectiveness of the CSAMT exploration. Subsequently, the CSAMT exploration experiment was conducted in the Jinding mining area to verify its true effectiveness. During CSAMT data acquisition, high-quality data were obtained through new signal-to-noise ratio experiments and different acquisition time experiments, which built a solid foundation for the reliability of the inversion results. Finally, through CSAMT data processing and inversion interpretation, the electrical distribution at a depth of 1 km below the mining area was obtained. The electrical characteristics of the lithologic system in the mining area were revealed by interpreting the electrical structure characteristics of the survey lines, which provided reliable data support for understanding the geological genesis and metallogenic model in the Jinding lead-zinc deposit. The new exploration model proposed in this study, along with measures to improve data acquisition quality, could serve as a valuable reference for geophysical exploration personnel. C 2025 15 4303 2025 15  
lead-zinc deposit [1; 2]. Regarding its geological genesis, [PERSON], 2001; [PERSON], 1997; [PERSON], 2016; [PERSON], 2010; and [PERSON], 2016, among others, have conducted extensive research but with different perspectives of the origin, including hydrothermal filling metasomatic type, stratabound epigenetic deposit, syngenetic sedimentary deposit, and exhalative (hydrothermal) sedimentary deposit [3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8]. Among them, the viewpoint of the exhalative (hydrothermal) sedimentary deposit dominates. However, some studies have shown that the Jinding lead-zinc deposit is more likely to be an epigenetic filling-type stratabound deposit, with this view supported by geological evidence such as the paleoenvironment of the ore-bearing strata. However, these geological research achievements lack support from geophysical exploration evidence, especially in the absence of establishing a geophysical model of the ore deposit related to geological genesis and mineralization patterns. Geophysical modeling is known to be a crucial link in both theoretical research and production practices in geophysics. With the continuous development of geophysical exploration methods and technologies, the construction and research of geophysical models have become the key to the success of geophysical exploration. By constructing and studying geophysical models and using forward numerical simulations to validate exploration methods, the multiplicity of solutions in geophysical exploration inversion and interpretation can be reduced. Therefore, constructing a geophysical model for the Jinding lead-zinc deposit is particularly important for studying the geological genesis and mineralization patterns of the deposit. In the Jinding mining area, geological surveys at scales of 1:200,000, 1:250,000, and 1:500,000; physical property measurements of rocks; and drilling verification work have been conducted. These geological data and lithological research findings provide a solid foundation for establishing a geophysical model.