# Blockchain-Embedded Strategic Options for Satellite Operators: Sell, SataS, or Dual?
## 6 Managerial Implications and Conclusions
### Conclusions  
As the commercial satellite industry is growing rapidly, there is a limited amount of literature that addresses the business strategies of SOs. With the rise of SataaS as technology improves, our paper examined how the SO can choose between traditional channels for selling satellites, SataaS, and dual-channel strategies. Commercial satellites display several distinct characteristics that differentiate them from other physical commodities, most notably their exposure to significant launch risks. In addition, SataaS suffer from the risks associated with secure data transmission. However, the emergence of novel technologies such as blockchain could help to mitigate such risks. Therefore, our study analyzed the optimal strategy for the SO by considering the above distinctive characteristics of the sell, SataaS, and dual channels for cases with and without blockchain. Firstly, by deriving and comparing these three channel models in the absence of BCT, we determined the optimal channel under different conditions. Next, akin to the case above, we examined these three channels when embedded with BCT and revealed which channel is optimal with the adoption of BCT. Furthermore, by compare these two cases, this paper shed light on the value of BCT. Our paper revealed that the dual-channel strategy is possible and generates the highest profit for the SO and the highest consumer utility when the launch success is high and when the SataaS fixed costs are low. The reason for this is that under these two conditions, the dual channel satisfies not only the users who choose to launch their own satellites, but also the needs of users who choose SataaS. Thus, choosing the dual-channel strategy  
Figure 4: The value of BCT for the SO and customers in the sell channel. and offering multiple marketing models can reach a larger market of users and increase the overall consumer surplus and the SO's profitability. When the launch success rate is very high, the dual-channel strategy transforms into a pure sell strategy, because at that point, most users will choose to launch their own satellites. However, when the launch success rate is very low, the dual-channel strategy transforms into pure SataaS, as at this point, satellite users cannot accept the loss of launch failures and most of them choose the subscribe service. After the adoption of BCT, when the cost of BCT is low, the SO's profit is enhanced in all three sales channels compared to the case without blockchain. Notably, in SataaS as well as in the dual-channel strategy, the adoption of BCT always improves consumer utility compared to the case without blockchain. However, in the sell channel, the consumer benefit depends on the relatively low cost of blockchain customization. Although this study achieved remarkable results, there are still some limitations to be considered: (1) Our current theoretical model primarily focuses on a single satellite operator, failing to account for the presence of multiple operators in the real-world satellite industry, thereby limiting our exploration of competition between various entities. (2) In the SO's payoff function, we did not consider the life cycle of satellites. By including the satellite operation cycle in the model, the optimal strategy and conditions may be different. (3) From the perspective of finance, we did not take into account the financial constraints of the SO. Under the fixed-budget constraint, the optimal channel choice and conditions may change. In conclusion, addressing these limitations will facilitate the formulation of more comprehensive and realistic strategies for optimal sales channels in the satellite industry. Conceptualization, J.D. and Z.H; methodology, Z.H. and Y.J. ; formal analysis, Y.J. ; investigation, Y.J. ; writing--original draft preparation, Y.J. and C.C. ; writing--review and editing, Z.H. ; supervision, J.D. and Z.H. ; project administration, J.D. ; funding acquisition, J.D. and Z.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.