## 4 Discussion  
Postmortem biochemistry has emerged as an essential supplementary technique in forensic investigations, aiding in the identification of the particular tissue injury and overall organ dysfunction that occur during the death process [20; 21]. The total protein and globulin levels varied significantly among the groups (\(p<0.001\) vs. \(p=0.002\), respectively). Post hoc tests confirmed these differences for the alcohol vs. control and benzodiazep veins vs. control comparisons, but not among the alcohol and benzodiazep groups. The albumin levels (\(p=0.024\)) and cholesterol levels (\(p=0.030\)) were initially significantly different, but post hoc tests did not confirm these differences to be highly significant. The lipase levels initially showed significant differences (\(p=0.030\)), but post hoc tests did not confirm the significance of these differences in means. Conditions like cirrhosis or hepatitis can lead to decreased albumin production. In hypothermic patients with liver disease, the combination can exacerbate the effects of low albumin, leading to complications such as edema and impaired drug metabolism. Nephrotic syndrome results in significant protein loss through urine, leading to low serum albumin levels. Hypothermia in these patients can complicate their clinical management, as low albumin further contributes to fluid imbalances and potential cardiovascular issues. In cases of malnutrition, albumin levels may be low due to inadequate protein intake. Hypothermia can worsen the situation as the body's metabolic demands increase, further depleting available proteins. Abnormal albumin levels caused by disease can make differentiation between primary and secondary hypothermia complicated [29]. The clinical importance of determining primary and secondary hypothermia through biochemical analyses is related to power [30]. Biochemical tests help differentiate between primary hypothermia (due to environmental factors) and secondary hypothermia (resulting from medical conditions). This distinction is crucial for appropriate management. Identifying the underlying causes through biochemical markers can inform treatment strategies. For instance, if secondary hypothermia is due to toxication (alcohol consumption or drug), targeted therapy can be initiated promptly [31]. Regular biochemical assessments allow the patient's metabolic state to be monitored, helping clinicians evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and track recovery. Biochemical analyses can reveal complications such as electrolyte imbalances or coagulopathy, enabling early intervention to prevent further morbidity [32]. Understanding biochemical changes can provide insights into prognosis. Specific markers may correlate with outcomes, aiding in risk stratification and decision-making. This shows what is important in clinical medicine, as well as in forensic-legal cases too. In summary, biochemical analyses are vital for diagnosing, managing, and predicting outcomes in patients with hypothermia, leading to improved clinical care and patient safety [30]. The results of tests measuring total proteins, globulins, and amylase can provide valuable insights in distinguishing between primary and secondary hypothermia as causes of death, though they are not definitive on their own [23; 33]. Total protein levels can provide an indication of overall nutritional status and systemic health [33]. In cases of severe hypothermia, total protein levels might be affected by underlying acute stress responses. However, significant deviations from normal levels are not exclusively diagnostic for hypothermia but can suggest broader issues. Globulins are a group of proteins in the blood that play roles in immune response and inflammation [34]. Elevated or decreased levels of globulins might indicate chronic disease or an inflammatory response. In hypothermia cases, changes in globulin levels can reflect the body's response to the cold stress and possible secondary infections or complications.