## 3 Results and Discussion  
### The Extraction Yield  
The dichloromethane extraction yield of _P. pinaster_ bark (2.56 \(\pm\) 0.11% \(w/w\)) was slightly higher than that of _P. pinaea_ bark (1.951 \(\pm\) 0.002% \(w/w\)). Both values were within the lipophilic extracts yield range reported in earlier works for bark of _P. pinaster_ (1.1-4.0% \(w/w\)) [26; 27] and _P. pinea_ (2.1% \(w/w\)) [28] grown in Portugal. The Chemical Characterization of Lipophilic Fractions Derived from the P. pinaster and P. pinea Barks  
Five major families of lipophilic components were identified and quantified in the lipophilic extracts from the bark of _P. pinaster_ and _P. pinea_ by GC-MS. These were terpenic compounds, aromatic compounds, fatty acids, long-chain aliphatic alcohols (LCAAs), and sterols, as demonstrated in Figures 1 and 2 and detailed in Table 1. The total content of identified compounds varied between 2910 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) dw in _P. pinea_ bark and 4746 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) dw in _P. pinaster_ bark. Terpenes are the main family present in these extracts, ranging from 965 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) dw in _P. pinea_ bark to 2865 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) dw in _P. pinaster_ bark, which accounted for 33% and 60% \(w/w\) of the total content of identified compounds, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline
**RT (min)** & **No.** & **Compound** & _P. **pinaster**_ & _P. **pinea**_ \\ \hline  & & **Terpenic compounds** & **2865** & **965** \\  & & _Diterpene resin acids_ & **2353** & **960** \\  & & _Pimarane-type resin acids_ & 399 & _166_ \\
41.26 & 1 & Pimaric acid & 217 & 27 \\
41.59 & 2 & Sandaracoimaric acid & 54 & 19 \\
41.81 & 3 & Isopimaric acid & 128 & 120 \\  & & _Abietane-type resin acids_ & 1954 & 794 \\
42.07 & 4 & Di(dehydroabietic acid) & 18 & 4 \\
42.71 & 5 & Dehydroabietic acid & 954 & 452 \\
43.41 & 6 & Abietic acid & 62 & 14 \\
45.39 & 7 & 79-Hydroxydheydrobaietic acid & 99 & 39 \\
45.81 & 8 & 7\(\alpha\)-Hydroxydheydrobaietic acid & 198 & 120 \\
46.50 & 9 & 7-Oxodehydroabietic acid & 179 & 57 \\
46.98 & 10 & 15-Hydroxydheydrobaietic acid & 269 & 67 \\
49.86 & 11 & 7,15-Dihydroxy dehydroabietic acid & 100 & 24 \\
50.28 & 12 & 15-Hydrox-7-oxodehydroabietic acid & 75 & 17 \\  & & _Monoterens_ & 55 & _n.d._ \\
7.86 & 13 & Camphor & 2 & n.d. \\
8.46 & 14 & Pinocavrone & 6 & n.d. \\
11.30 & 15 & Geraniol & 4 & n.d. \\
11.74 & 16 & Borneol & 10 & n.d. \\
14.08 & 17 & Myrtenol & 4 & n.d. \\
15.06 & 18 & \(\alpha\)-Terpineol & 13 & n.d. \\
22.07 & 19 & Terpin & 16 & n.d. \\  & & _Sesquiterpennes_ & 32 & 5 \\
17.47 & 20 & Longifolene & 21 & 2 \\
22.67 & 21 & Caryophyllene oxide & 7 & 3 \\
26.11 & 22 & Isolongifololol & 4 & n.d. \\  & & _Pentacyclic triterpennes_ & **425** & _n.d._ \\
73.75 & 23 & Beutin & 425 & n.d. \\  & & **Aromatic compounds** & **366** & **53** \\  & & _Aldehydes_ & 37 & 9 \\
15.83 & 24 & \(p\)-Hydroxygenzaldehyde & 4 & 3 \\
20.97 & 25 & Vanillin & 33 & 6 \\  & & _Acids_ & 83 & **29** \\
28.39 & 26 & Vanillic acid & 6 & n.d. \\
31.85 & 27 & Syringic acid & 1 & n.d. \\
32.34 & 28 & (\(Z\))-Ferulic acid & 3 & n.d. \\
32.87 & 29 & \(p\)-Coumaric acid & 8 & n.d. \\
36.51 & 30 & (\(E\))-Ferulic acid & 58 & 29 \\
38.07 & 31 & Caffeic acid & 7 & n.d. \\  & & _Resinids_ & **246** & **15** \\
61.66 & 32 & Pinoresinol & 246 & 15 \\  & & **Fatty acids** & **749** & **1146** \\  & & _Saturated fatty acids_ & **670** & **1058** \\
6.22 & 33 & Hexanoic acid & 3 & 4 \\
12.88 & 34 & Octanoic acid & 1 & 4 \\
16.27 & 35 & Nonanoic acid & 1 & 11 \\
19.51 & 36 & Decanoic acid & tr & 3 \\
30.87 & 37 & Tetradecanoic acid & 1 & 4 \\
33.38 & 38 & Pentadecanoic acid & 1 & 2 \\
35.79 & 39 & Hexadecanoic acid & 55 & 50 \\
37.46 & 40 & Heptadecanoic acid & 4 & 4 \\
40.30 & 41 & Octadecanoic acid & 23 & 42 \\
44.46 & 42 & Eicosanoic acid & 67 & 156 \\
48.32 & 43 & Docosanoic acid & 251 & 401 \\
50.14 & 44 & Tricosanoic acid & 30 & 36 \\
52.00 & 45 & Tetracosanoic acid & 213 & 326 \\
56.05 & 46 & Hexacosanoic acid & 20 & 15 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}