## 1 Introduction  
Melanosis coli (MC) is characterized by a brownish-black color change in the colon caused by anthraquinone (C\({}_{14}\)H\({}_{8}\)O\({}_{2}\))-containing laxative agents. MC is diagnosed by images from colonoscopy or capsule endoscopy. Patients with MC are likely to experience colon polyps [1] and require close tracking with colonoscopies. The mechanism underlying anthraquinone-containing drug-related MC and colorectal hyperplasia polyps [1, 2] involves the conversion of anthraquinone to lipofuscin, which causes mild inflammation in these cells and eventually leading to black or dark brown mucosal appearance on colonoscopy [3]. MC-affected colon mucosal membranes and polyps have special textures, which can be used for imaging analysis. A literature review demonstrated proteomic differences between normal colorectal mucosa and MC with colon cancer [4]. A 2002 study used a computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) system to assist radiologists in computer tomography colonoscopy to detect colon polyps [5]. Computer-assisted colonoscopy analysis in terms of endoscopy has been published: In 2003 [6], it was used for colonoscopy video images to label abnormal colorectal mucosa for helping gastroenterologists to diagnose colon polyps and tumors. The paper recorded good results with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 97%. The result proves that it is feasible to assist endoscopic physicians with computer-assisted methods. According to research, CAD analysis of colonoscopy images has been proven to be useful, but no studies have yet used gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCMs) or other texture analysis models to analyze images obtained from patients with MC during general endoscopy nor the relationship between mucosal image texture and pathological results in patients with MC. Therefore, this study analyzed the pathological results of polyps of patients with MC through the texture features of general colonoscopy images. The GLCM model can analyze image data suitably [7] and is suitable for MC with special textures. If MC and polyps are detected during colonoscopy, the possible pathological results can be predicted by analyzing images. The patients can be subsequently instructed to stop using anthanoid laxative agents, and a polypectomy is scheduled for poor differentiated polyp which means a better prognosis. [8]. MC is a historical disease [9; 10]. [PERSON] first discovered this phenomenon in 1829, and in 1857, [PERSON] officially named it MC [11]. Long-term use of anthanoid laxative or of these herbs can cause MC after 3-13 months [12], these drugs include sennoside; Normacol; the Chinese herbal medicine containing polygonum, aloe, senna, and rhubarb; and cascara sagrada [13]. MC can be divided into three phases according to chromaticity and texture [11]: (1) light brown colonic mucosa with no apparent boundaries with normal mucosa, (2) dark brown colonic mucosa with clear linear or noncontinuous boundaries with normal mucosa, and (3) dark black colonic mucosa with linear or spotted boundaries with normal mucosa. MC often disappears after the relevant drug is stopped for six months to one year. Colon polyps are epidermal protrusions in the lumen of the colon and can be roughly classified into six categories according to the Paris classification: pedunculate, sessile, superficial and elevated, superficial and flat, superficial and depressed, and concave [14]. In general, colorectal polyps can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) hyperplastic polyps, (2) adenoma polyps (adenoma; potentially divided into tubular adenoma, tubulovillous adenoma, and villous adenomas, which is the most malignant), and (3) neoplastic polyps (including carcinoma in situ, carcinoid polyp, and adenocarcinoma). The earlier detection of neoplastic polyps makes the treatment become more effective [8]. Auxiliary methods can help gastroenterologists to gauge which polyps most urgently require treatment. This can solve problems related to malignant adenoma and even colorectal cancer in patients with MC.