## 3 Results and Discussion
### LAB as Inhibiting Species  
Interestingly, in this study, the LAB inhibitory activity was detected only on culture medium agar (Table 4). In this study, it has been detected inhibitory activity of _S. cerevisiae_ T2 toward two other strains of _S. cerevisiae_: superlievito alocligens (on wine agar) and on the autochthonous strain I6 (on culture medium and wine agar). This second inhibition represents the only case in which the same inhibition occurred on more than one substrate by means of interactions plate assay in the present study. In the last years, intra-specific inhibitions between different strains of _S. cerevisiae_ have been reported, also with contrasting results in terms of prevalence among wild and commercial _S. cerevisiae_ strains [77; 78; 79]. ### LAB as Inhibiting Species  
Interestingly, in this study, the LAB inhibitory activity was detected only on culture medium agar (Table 4). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Inhibiting Species** & **Inhibited Species** & **Inhibitory Activity** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{5}{*}{_L. plantarum_ Lp90_} & _L. plantarum_ 44 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. brevis_ IOEB & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _P. parvulus_ 126 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. hilgardii_ CECT 4786 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & \(+\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _Pediococcus_ spp. & \(\pm\) C \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{_L. plantarum_ 44_} & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. brevis_ IOEB & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _P. parvulus_ 126 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. hilgardii_ CECT 4786 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & \(+\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _Pediococcus_ spp. & \(\pm\) C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Inhibitory activity of lactic bacteria species according to the diameter of halo of inhibition: “\(\pm\)” = lower than 3 mm, “+” = ranging from 3–6 mm and “++” = more than 6 mm. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Inhibiting Species** & **Inhibited Species** & **Inhibitory Activity** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{5}{*}{_S. cerevisiae_ T2} & _S. cerevisiae_ superlievito alocligens & \(\pm\) W \\ \cline{2-3}  & _S. cerevisiae_ I6 & \(\pm\) C,W \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{_S. cerevisiae_ T2} & _L. plantarum_ Lp90 & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 44 & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. brevis_ IOEB & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _P. parvulus_ 126 & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. hilgardii_ CECT 4786 & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & \(++\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & \(++\) C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Inhibitory activity of _S. cerevisiae_ strains according to the diameter of halo of inhibition: “\(\pm\)” = lower than 3 mm, “+” = ranging from 3–6 mm and “++” = more than 6 mm. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Inhibiting Species** & **Inhibited Species** & **Inhibitory Activity** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_L. plantarum_ V22} & _L. plantarum_ Lp90 & + C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 44 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. brevis_ IOEB & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _P. parvulus_ 126 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. hilgardii_ CECT 4786 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & + C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _Pediococcus_ spp. & \(\pm\) C \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_L. plantarum_ V22} & _L. plantarum_ Lp90 & + C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 44 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. brevis_ IOEB & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _P. parvulus_ 126 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. hilgardii_ CECT 4786 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 38 CDS & + C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _Pedicococcus_ spp. & \(\pm\) C \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{_P. parvulus_ 126} & _L. plantarum_ Lp90 & + C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ 44 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L. plantarum_ V22 & \(\pm\) C \\ \cline{2-3}  & _L.