# The Ability to Control VOC Emissions from Multilayer Building Materials
## 1 Introduction
### The Research Issues Discussed in the Study  
There are numerous publications that investigate the influence of environmental parameters on VOC emission from products mostly on the building level, for example, [45, 46]. However, so far, no research team has analysed this issue by a chamber method for multilayer product systems where the heat source is built into the system of the emitting products. The basic thesis of the presented research was to demonstrate the significant influence of temperature on the emission from the multi-layer heated floor systems based on a chamber test.  
The need for research on the influence of temperature and humidity on emissions from products is demonstrated, for example, in the publication [45], with the intention to scale up and validate emission models from chambers held at constant conditions to actual buildings.  
The foundation of our research presented in this paper was the examination of emission of VOC profiles from multilayer construction products with a laboratory radiant floor heating system (LRFHS) in a chamber with a set of different environmental conditions. The VOCs concentrations in a time of 480 h were assessed under variables of three airflow rates (\(n=0.5\), 1 and 1.5), three temperatures (23, 29 and 33 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and two humidity (RH) levels (50% and 80%). Several variations of LRFHS samples with various multilayer structure were selected (dry and wet type) and prepared to determine the time-concentration VOC emissions profiles, using an environmental test chamber according to ASTM D 5116-06 [36]. The chamber method was used with a newly designed innovative ceramic housing allowing to test samples of multi-layered floor systems electrically heated.  
The experimental VOC chamber concentration results were used to determine the component parameters of the proposed emission model (see Section 2.1) and the emission regression line (trend profiles of \(C(t)\) (17)) from each floor system under different boundary conditions. In addition, the authors found that the model adequate to one layer should be enriched with the original delay parameter.  
This research paper takes into consideration and provides:  
* A comprehensive literature review on the emission models' types;
* The conditions and rules for conducting the experiment, i.e., research on changes in VOC emissions profiles over time from representative systems of multilayer construction products used in heating floors under changing boundary (environmental) conditions;
* A prototype of laboratory stand, the universal system for testing VOC emissions from multilayer building partition systems was built;
* Studies of the influence of temperature, humidity and the number of air changes on the emission from several multilayer systems (wet and dry conditions);
* A justified model of emission from multilayer product systems with a new delay factor (compared to models from single-layer systems) based on experimental results and theory;
* A discussion of results.  
Authors are aware that heated floors are a more and more frequently used method of heating low-energy buildings. With a significant reduction in energy consumption and low exchange rates, the VOC emissions from these floors are the important factor impacting users' comfort [47; 48].