## 5 Conclusions  
1. The data test analysis of 28 consecutive days showed that the average indoor air temperature at night was 15.51 and 15.07 \({}^{\circ}\)C for SG and PG, respectively. Meanwhile, the average outdoor air temperature at night was 4.41 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Therefore, both modular greenhouses can effectively increase the nighttime temperature by 10-12 \({}^{\circ}\)C. That is, the nighttime insulation performance of both greenhouses was good. However, SG was slightly better than PG. 2. In terms of the active heat transfer characteristics, the difference of average air temperature between the inlet and outlet of SG and PG during the heat storage period was 5.03 and 5.98 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. The average relative humidity difference was 17.15% and 11.40% and the average heat storage duration was 6.8 and 6.6 h, respectively. In addition, the difference of average relative humidity between the inlet and outlet of SG and PG was 1.04 and 2.37 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The average relative humidity difference between the inlet and outlet of SG and PG was 15.99% and 11.50%, respectively. The average heat release duration was 10 and 10.5 h. The difference of the average temperature and the relative humidity between the inlet and outlet of SG and PG indicated that the insulation effect of SG was better and the speed of increasing temperature was faster at night than that of PG. On typical cloudy days, the average temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of SG and PG was 2.89 and 3.90 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. The difference of average relative humidity was 19.92% and 15.87%, respectively. Besides, the average duration of heat release was 11 h. The difference of average temperature between the inlet and outlet of SG was smaller than that of PG in the heat release. The difference of average relative humidity was SG \(>\) PG. Therefore, the heat preservation and storage performance of SG was slightly better than PG. The thermal performance of heliogreenhouse with a modular heat storage wall can effectively improve the growth of crop tomatoes. 3. During the heat storage and release period on sunny heat storage stage, sunny day exothermic phase, and cloudy exothermic phase, the total heat transfer of SG was 464.87, 110.44 and 54.82 MJ, respectively, while the total heat transfer of PG was 264.16, 61.60 and 46.89 MJ, respectively. The heat storage capacity of the two greenhouses was much larger than the heat release, which indicated that the heat storage performance of the two greenhouses was good. Thereinto, the heat storage and heat release of SG were higher than that of PG. In addition, the maximum energy efficiency ratio of SG and PG was 92.12 and 79.55, respectively, in the heat storage phase on typical sunny days. The maximum energy efficiency ratio of SG and PG was 16.78 and 15.21 in the heat release phase on typical sunny days, respectively. Additionally, the maximum energy efficiency ratio of SG and PG was 30.11 and 28.15 in the heat release phase on typical cloudy days, respectively. This revealed that the energy saving effect of the active system in the greenhouse under different weather is very good, where the heat storage phase on typical sunny days was the optimum. 4. The construction cost of the modular heat storage wall heliogreenhouse was reduced by 70-160 yuan/m\({}^{2}\) compared with the traditional heat storage solar greenhouse and backfilled assembly heat storage wall solar greenhouse. Moreover, the construction time of the modular heat storage wall solar greenhouse was short. In summary, both modular heat storage wall heliogreenhouses have good thermal insulation and heat storage performance, and the thermal insulation and heat storage performance of SG were slightly better than that of PG. The conclusions of this paper could provide data reference and practical value for the production and application of a modular heat storage wall heliogreenhouse. Conceptualization, D.W., B.C. and Y.Z. ; methodology, D.W., B.C. and Y.Z. ; software, D.W., B.C. and Y.Z. ; validation, D.W., Y.Z.