# A 5G V2X Ecosystem Providing Internet of Vehicles +
## 5 Materials and Methods
### Modeling and Simulation  
Table 2 lists the main tools and available frameworks to promote the 5G technology advance. Among the platforms listed, only the last two are not proprietary. National Instruments is an American company that provides tests, measurements, and embedded systems, besides proprietary software products for solution development. For 5G networks, it offers LabVIEW Communications software that is an engineering one designed for applications that require testing, measurement, and control, with quick access to hardware and information from the data plane, and was specially developed for wireless communication system prototyping [48]. MathWorks is a manufacturer that provides software such as MATLAB (analyses data, develops algorithms, and creates mathematical models) and Simulink (runs simulations, generates code, and tests and verifies embedded systems), that can offer an integrated environment for simulating, testing and prototyping wireless technologies [49]. Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems is a German institute that develops 5G networks and SDN research through next generation network infrastructures. Commercially, it provides, for prototyping and testing achievement, a set of tools through the 5G Playground composed by the components: 1 st, Open5 GCore--scalable, low-delay and highly reconfigurable approach to network core; 2 nd, Open Baton--NFV orchestration; 3 rd, Open SDN Core--SDN and NFV resources and backhaul addressing; and 4 th, Open 5 GMTC--connectivity of an endless number of network devices [50]. Developed by the Riverbed organization, the old Optimum Network Performance (OPNET) open software has gained a new name: Riverbed Modeler which is a discrete event simulation platform for communication networks analyzing and designing. It has a set of protocols and technologies with a development environment, allowing the network technologies modeling. Among its advantages, cited by the manufacturer, are tests and demonstrations of technology projects before production, productivity increase, protocols and proprietary wireless technologies development and, finally, the improvement evaluation on already consolidated standards-based protocols [51]. The Open Air Interface Software Alliance (OSA) is a French organization whose open platform of experiments and prototyping is made available to the community, where strategic work areas are established, such as 5G-SDN systems and heterogeneous 5G networks [52]. Several works in the literature use the discrete-event simulator on ns-3 network [53] and the LTE-EPC Network Simulator (LENA) module [54]. It is pointed out that the ns-3 simulator has already been validated for the LTE module and has been indicated as the best choice for complex scenarios, as demonstrated by [55]. Completing for the scope of work, the Keysight Technologies is a company \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{85.4 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Supplier** & **Name** & **Brief Description** \\ \hline National Instruments & Lab VIEW Communications & Prototyping of wireless communication systems \\ \hline MathWorks & MATLAB and Simulink & 5G wireless system model \\ \hline Fraunhofer Institute & 5G Playground & Prototyping of 5G networks, including SDN \\ \hline Riverbed Technologies & Riverbed Modeler & A suite of protocols and technologies to design, model, and analyze \\ \hline Keysight Technologies & Advanced Cellular Pack for Simulation & Pre-5G physical layer measurements based on the Verizon 5G specifications \\ \hline Open Air Interface & Open Air Interface & Software and tools for 5G wireless research \\ \hline NSNAM & ns-3 & Discrete-event network simulator \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Tools and frameworks for prototyping and simulation. that provides tools for 5G signal modulation, such as the Advanced Cellular Pack for Simulation and 5G Protocol R&D Toolset [56]. The Keysight Technologies provides a set of data transfer rate tests in eMBB scenarios, through emulation.