###### Abstract  
Essential oils (EOs), the odorous and volatile products of a plant's secondary metabolism, have wide applications in folk medicine, in food flavoring and preservation, and in fragrance industries. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the EO from the aerial parts (including the infloreses) of wild _Teucrium luteum_ subsp. _flavovirens_ from Tunisia. The EO obtained by the hydrodistillation of air-dried plant material in a Clevenger-type apparatus was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifty-three components representing 83.9% of the total constituents were identified. The EO of T. _ luteum_ subsp. _flavovirens_ is characterized by the presence of \(\beta\)-elemol (7.2%), (+)-\(\alpha\)-pinene (6%), \(\beta\)-eudesmol (5.5%), guaioal (4.2%), \(\alpha\)-bisabolol (4.2%), and \(\beta\)-caryophyllene (4.1%) as principal chemical components. In vitro (DPPH and \(\beta\)-carotene bleaching assays), it showed significantly higher radical scavenging and antioxidant properties than the reference compound, BHT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the composition and antioxidant properties of the EO from Tunisian _T. luteum_ subsp. _flavovirens_. Our preliminary data will help to valorize this potentially useful plant species from Tunisia and represent a starting point for further studies on its volatile fraction. Teucrium luteum subsp. _flavovirens_; Lamiaceae; volatile compounds; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; antioxidants +
Footnote †: journal: Medical Imaging  
0
Footnote 0: _Applied Sciences_  
0
Footnote 0: _Applied Sciences_  
+++ ==WARNING: Truncated because of repetitions==
footnotetext: _Applied Sciences_  
0  
0
Footnote 0: Many species of the genus _Teucrium_ possess several biological activities. Some of the properties are antinociceptive, antihypertensive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and antibacterial [6; 7; 8; 9]. Moreover, plant species from this genus are used in traditional medicine for their diaphoretic, tonic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, and chologogue purposes [10]. From the chemical point of view, previous investigations have shown that _Teucrium_ species are rich in EOs, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, flavonoids, polyphenic compounds, iridoids, fatty acids, sterols, saponins, and alkaloids [10; 11]. The genus _Teucrium_ is one of the richest sources of neoclerodane diterpenes: more than 220 diterpenes have been described, many of them being of interest due to their insect-repellent and medicinal properties [12; 13]. In Tunisia, the genus _Teucrium_ is represented by twenty-four taxa. Among them, _Teucrium_ (policy) includes three subspecies: _polium_, _gabesianum_, and _flavovirens_[14]. The plant is a perennial herb known by the name of \"germander\" and is known in Arabic as \"Gattabet Al-Ajrah\" [15]. A survey conducted by herbalists identified that in Tunisian folk medicine, a decoction of the leaves of _T. polium_ is used as a cardiac analeptic [16]. _T. polium_ has also been used in folk remedies to treat various diseases and illnesses such as smallpox, malarial fever, biliary retention, upset stomach, diarrhea, colic, and gastric and intestinal pains [15]. Among the other subspecies, _T. polium_ subsp. _flavovirens_ (syn. _T. luteum_ subsp. _flavovirens_ (Batt.) Greuter [PERSON]) is of particular interest since it is one of the most important perennial plants growing in Tunisia. From a botanical point of view, the unusual features of this species compared to other members of Lamiaceae are that it is a yellowish green plant with prostrate stems, yellow flowers (7-8 mm), crenate leaves, and ramified indumentum [14]. Several papers have reported the extraction of EOs from subspecies of _T. polium_, such as _T. polium_ subsp. _valentinum_ from Spain [11], _T. polium_ subsp. _capittatum_ (L.) from Corsica [17], _T. polium_ subsp. _aurasiaum_ from Algeria [18], _T. polium_ subsp. _capittatum_ (L.) from Iran [19], and _T. polium_ subsp.