## 6 Discussion  
### Cost-Effectiveness and Life-Cycle Considerations  
The integration of supplementary dampers into structural designs aimed at improving seismic resilience requires a thorough assessment of both cost-effectiveness and life-cycle implications. [PERSON] [167,168] posits that while the initial costs associated with damping systems can be considerable, the advantages realized over the lifespan of the structure frequently surpass these initial expenditures. The economic viability of supplementary dampers is largely influenced by their effectiveness in minimizing seismic-related damage and lowering repair and downtime expenses in the aftermath of an earthquake. Research by [PERSON] et al. [169] indicates that structures fitted with sophisticated damping mechanisms exhibit markedly lower levels of damage and quicker recovery periods when compared to traditional designs. This enhanced performance yields significant financial advantages, especially in areas that experience regular seismic events. Figure 14: Installation and connection details of a seesaw system within an RC frame [160]. Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is essential for evaluating the long-term economic feasibility of supplementary dampers. According to the findings of [PERSON] et al. [170], LCCA must consider not only the initial costs associated with design and installation but also the ongoing expenses related to maintenance, inspection, and possible replacement throughout the lifespan of the structure. Their research indicates that while structures equipped with dampers may incur higher upfront costs, the subsequent reduction in damage and maintenance needs can lead to lower overall life-cycle costs. The economic advantages of supplementary dampers are further amplified by their ability to facilitate more cost-effective structural designs. [PERSON] et al. [171] highlight that the integration of damping systems can decrease the necessary strength and stiffness of primary structural components. This optimization not only results in material savings but may also significantly mitigate the installation costs associated with the dampers. It is crucial to acknowledge the variability in seismic hazard when assessing the cost-effectiveness of additional dampers. Research by [PERSON] et al. [172] indicates that the economic advantages of damping systems are most significant in areas characterized by high seismic risk, where the likelihood of encountering strong ground motions is considerable. Conversely, in regions with lower seismic hazards, the cost-benefit ratio may not be as advantageous, thereby requiring a thorough analysis to validate the investment. Furthermore, the life-cycle implications of dampers encompass more than just economic considerations. Factors related to environmental impact and sustainability must also be evaluated. As noted by [PERSON] et al. [173], the diminished material requirements and enhanced structural durability associated with buildings equipped with dampers can lead to reduced carbon emissions and improved sustainability throughout the lifespan of the structure. The requirements for maintenance and inspection are pivotal elements in the life-cycle assessment of supplementary dampers. Although these systems typically necessitate less frequent maintenance than other structural components, it remains essential to conduct regular inspections and occasional replacements to guarantee optimal functionality. Research by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [174] introduced a risk-based maintenance framework that fine-tunes inspection frequencies and replacement timelines according to the type of damper, prevailing environmental conditions, and anticipated seismic activity, thus reducing life-cycle expenses while ensuring system reliability. The capacity of supplementary dampers to adapt to evolving structural demands and varying seismic risk levels over time is a significant factor in life-cycle evaluations. As highlighted by [PERSON] et al.