# High-Resolution Pixel LED Headlamps: Functional Requirement Analysis and Research Progress
## 4 Conclusions  
Car lights have witnessed the development history of automobiles, and vehicle lighting technology has continuously been innovated. With the development of automobile intelligence, the intelligitization of vehicle lighting has become a general trend. The pixel-based intelligent headlight system has been used in a large number of technological innovations in the field of sensors and algorithms, and, as a consequence, the car headlight system has its own \"eyes\" and \"brains\", which can be combined with complex road environments pedestrians, vehicles, and other objects on the road. Intelligent calculations on the recognition are performed, then the light path is programmed, and the pixel level is controlled. There is no need for cumbersome adjustment operations by the driver. The pixel headlights can automatically judge and adjust the illuminance of far and near lights according to road scene, vehicle speed, and steering wheel angle, thereby comprehensively improving the safety of night driving. With the continuous development of autonomous driving technology, in the next 20 years, new infrastructures for organizing large-scale urban traffic will continue to increase in number. Environmental aspects require the provision of high-efficiency and low-power solutions with optimized safety and a reduction of personal-based traffic volume, which will lead to a demand for simplified, reliable, and fully automated and controlled lighting systems. In the future, lighting will be capable of building a database based on real time information of vehicle driving, the surrounding environment, and traffic conditions and will automatically optimize the best lighting distribution. LED pixilation is a major trend. Matrix LEDs are less than 100 pixels, and silicon lenses must be used. The current matrix LED system has a low resolution, and it struggles to project clear symbols on the road. The matrix LEDs module with more than 100 pixels is basically a single-chip package placed on the PCB, using the gap between the LEDs to achieve crosstalk prevention, but the existence of dark areas makes the spot unbalanced; this problem is difficult to solve, and the resolution is low. Although some LED matrix car lights with more than 1000 pixels solve the problem of resolution to some extent, they still cannot solve the problem of anti-crosstalk. The main requirement for high-resolution pixel headlamps in the future is high-definition, that is, high pixel distribution, and the micro LED system is the key to this solution. MicroLEDs can overcome the shortcomings of matrix LEDs by aligning traditional discrete LED chips one by one and solving the problems of low contrast and scalability. Matrix LEDs are difficult to align with traditional discrete LED chips due to problems such as the offset between the chips and the distance between the rotation distortions. In contrast, pixel technology based on GAN technology of the Si LED on the sapphire substrate solves the problems of alignment distortion between chips and low contrast and low scalability. Micro-LED is the best choice for high-resolution pixel headlamps. With a small lens and module package, it can provide very comfortable and efficient lighting for roads at night to meet today's headlight design requirements. In addition to lighting, this system can also provide some basic image projection functions, such as highlighting simple patterns, information, and driving-related obstacles for the driver. The next challenge of this technology is to increase the number of pixels per module to 10,000 to achieve a pixel pitch of 0.1\({}^{\circ}\). The challenge lies in the research progress of the high-resolution pixelated LED itself, maintaining clear pixels, efficiency to avoid glare, and optical and electronic complexity of the module. Conceptualization, L.W. and P.S. ; methodology, L.W. and J.M. ; formal analysis, J.H. ; investigation, L.W. ; resources, P.S. ; data curation, J.H. ; writing--original draft preparation, L.W.