## 4 Conclusions  
Our results show that organic and inorganic molecules in dissolution can interact with the molecules of obsidian, as was shown in the biomorphs formed. Most of the borosilicate glasses and even igneous rocks like obsidian, when interacting with alkaline solutions, will be dissolved in the form of polysiloxanes. The groups silanol will interact with are alkaline metals (Ca and Ba), producing a massive crystallization of carbonates (obtained from the CO\({}_{2}\)) and forming the self-organized structures called biomorphs. When organic molecules  
Figure 6: Identification via Raman spectroscopy (**b**), IR (**c**), and DRX (**d**) of the barium silica–carbonate biomorphs synthesized on obsidian under conditions that emulated the Precambrian. (**a**): (**i**) SEM micrograph; (**ii**) optical image obtained with a coupled RAMAN; (**iii**) Raman map (1509 cm\({}^{-1}\)).  
are present in the synthesis of biomorphs, these biomolecules used to be incorporated into the structure via the silanol groups.  
Independent of the atmospheric conditions used in their synthesis, the biomorphs took the form of a Fontengite polymorph. Firstly, these findings contribute to the hypothesis that minerals or even igneous rocks participated in the concentration, alignment, polymerization, and protection of proto-biomolecules at the early stages when cyanobacteria were formed. Secondly, these findings also favor the hypothesis that biomorphs were one of the first inorganic structures that were formed in the first era of our planet and mimicked the shapes of living organisms. Finally, we observed that silica-carbonate biomorphs of barium synthesized under conditions emulating the Precambrian era adopted a spherical morphology, which may indicate that the first morphologies that protocells adopted, in which barium was present, were indeed spherical to properly protect them. This morphology is the most stable and, thus, allowed for increased survival, together with other environmental factors and the primitive metabolism of that era (which, in some cases, persists even up to our own time).  
M.C.-C. and A.M. Methodology, M.C.-C., S.R.I., E.A.Z.-E. and M.A.Z.-E.; validation, M.C.-C., S.R.I. and A.M.; formal analysis, M.C.-C. and A.M.; investigation, E.A.Z.-E., M.A.Z.-E., M.C.-C., S.R.I. and A.M.; writing--original draft preparation, M.C.-C.; writing--review and editing, E.A.Z.-E., M.A.Z.-E., S.R.I., M.C.-C. and A.M.; supervision, M.C.-C. and A.M.; project administration, M.C.-C.; and funding acquisition, M.C.-C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was carried out with the financial support granted to [PERSON] by project no. CF2019-39216 from the Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SECIIITI) and Proyecto-Institucional-UGTO-005/2024 from the Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico.  
Not applicable.  
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
The authors thank Laboratorio Universitario de Caracterizacion \"Electroscopic\" (LUCE) of the Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnologia, UNAM, for the Raman and FTIR measurements, and [PERSON] for their technical support. The authors thank the Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo for providing the facilities in the Earth and Materials Sciences Department laboratories for the analysis of the PXRD data. [PERSON] (CVU: 784081) and [PERSON] (CVU: 350391) thank CONAHCYT for the postdoctoral support nos. 2365907 and 2891301, respectively. The authors acknowledge [PERSON] for the English style corrections of this manuscript.  
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.