## 1 Introduction  
Over the past decades, Colombia has suffered from complex social problems related to illicit crops, including forced displacement, violence, and environmental damage, among other consequences for vulnerable populations [1]. Considerable effort has been made in Colombia to address this issue by creating a regulatory framework for import, export, cultivation, extraction, and research activities, especially of _Cannabis sativa_[2; 3]. When the contingency caused by the coronavirus began, the former Minister of Health authorized Resolution 315 of 2020, which updates the lists of precursor drugs subject to state control and gives free access to the sale of master formulations (preparations made for medical indications) in order to eliminate some access barriers for research, medical, and scientific use [4]. In addition, two years later, Resolution 227 of 2022 was approved, regulating the use of medicinal _C. sativa_ (non-psychoactive components) in food, beverages, and dietary supplements. Furthermore, since the beginning of this year, the national government, through Resolution 2808 of 2022, decided to include magistral preparations of _C. sativa_ medicines within the health benefits plan for patients with pathologies such as refractory epilepsy, fibromyalgiaalgia, sleep and appetite disorder, cachexia due to cancer, insomnia, chronic pain, neuropathic pain, and pain associated with cancer, in order to address those public health concerns [5]. These laws laid the groundwork for the cultivation of _C. sativa_ plants, the emergence of the medical cannabis industry, and safe access to medical and scientific use, among other developments. Hence, the current regulatory framework promotes scientific knowledge of _C. sativa_ and allows for the exploration of potential markets for its alternative uses [6]. The field of research related to _C. sativa_ has been expanding at an accelerated rate [7] thanks to the biotechnological capacity hidden in the plant. It is estimated that _C. sativa_ can produce approximately 750 specialized secondary metabolites [8; 9; 10]. Some of the most relevant are monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, essential oils, flavonoids, phenolic compounds (known as polyphenols [7]), lignans, stilbenoid derivatives, alkaloids, amino acids, spiro-indans, steroids, and glycoproteins, mainly due to their anticancer properties [8; 11; 12; 13; 14]. Previous studies have shown a synergy among the metabolic compounds of the plant that, as a whole, show different behavior compared to the individual performance of each metabolite due to the \"entourage effect\" [15; 16]. It is established that _C. sativa_ chemotypes' rich cannabinoid and terpenoid content offer better pharmacological activities that are able to broaden clinical applications and improve therapeutic issues [17; 18; 19]. In the same way, remarkable anticancerrogenic activity has been demonstrated for _C. sativa_ extracts against different carcinoma cell lines such as melanoma [20], ovarian [21], prostate [22], breast [23], and pancreatic cancer [16]. These studies have revealed a reduction in tumor growth and promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in carcinoma cells [15; 23; 24; 25]. At the taxonomic level, chemotypes are grouped in terms of the relative amounts of their main compounds, the cannabinoids. Drug-type plants (chemotype I) contain high concentrations of the most prevalent cannabinoid known for its psychotropic capacity, (-)-trans-\(\Delta\)9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or D9-THC. When the cannabinoid content corresponds mostly to the second most abundant cannabinoid in the _C. sativa_ plant, cannabidiol, CBD, it corresponds to chemotype III [26]. Finally, chemotype II, which is very scarce, is defined as a balanced content of the two main cannabinoids [27].