## 5 Experimental Results of the Ultra-High-Speed ICS CDM Transmission System
It should be noted that because the network management system can only show BER values at fixed intervals, the results displayed in Figure 5 are not continuous. These results demonstrate the feasibility of a real-time 267.8 Tb/s (1.2 b/s \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 6 + 1.2 Tb/s \(\times\) 31 + 200 Gb/s) transmission over a 141.52 km field-deployed MCF cable, which is a record real-time field ICS transmission capacity over deployed MCF cable just utilizing the C-band signals, to the best of our knowledge. Figure 4: Measured BER values of the three tested wavelength channels after 70.76 km and 141.52 km CDM transmissions in each fiber core. Figure 5: Measured BER values of the 32 wavelength channels after 141.52 km CDM transmission. Finally, the sensing ability of the ICS transmission system is also investigated in the field through the 200 Gb/s ICS signals at 1540.16 nm over the central core of the MCF. The 1.2 Tb/s OTN transponders and the ASE sources are also kept operating during this test. At this testing stage, we shake, periodically vibrate, and strike different positions of the overhead-installed MCF cable through a long rod, as illustrated in Figure 3e, and check the monitored results via the network management system. We conduct 200 tests for each type of disturbance, and the results show that the ICS system can accurately perceive and classify environmental disturbances to the cable in over 192 tests on average after approximately 5 s of sensing and processing. And the minor cases of undetected disturbances or the inaccurate identification of disturbances have no obvious correlation with the disturbance location but are primarily caused by a relatively low disturbance magnitude. The sampling SOP curves of the received signals when perceiving external shaking, periodic vibration, and striking are depicted in Figure 7a-c, respectively. We present three sampling SOP curves of the received signals for each kind of environmental disturbance with a time window of 2.5 s, which are obtained from the network management system. It can be observed that different types of disturbances will cause obvious changes, with distinct characteristics in the SOP of the received signals, which is the basis for our ICS system to sense and classify different types of external disturbances. Notably, during the experiments, we observe that relatively large-magnitude shaking or mechanical striking to the MCF cable is required to trigger external disturbance detection and alarm reporting at the receiver. This phenomenon primarily arises from the protective cable structure, which attenuates the impact of external disturbances on the SOP of the optical signals within the MCF. It is considered that this is actually reasonable, as only significant disturbances to the fiber cable, such as mechanical impacts or structural deformations, warrant prioritized attention in practical scenarios. Routine environmental factors such as natural wind exposure do not necessitate the triggering of an alarm. To further enable the detection of disturbances with different magnitudes, it is necessary to train the CNN model using disturbed optical signals collected from existing optical cable networks. These results indicate that the ICS system can simultaneously achieve ultra-high-speed data transmission and real-time monitoring and alerts concerns environmental disturbances, which is vitally important for next-generation ultra-high-speed highly reliable optical transmission networks. Figure 6: Normalized optical spectrum of the received 32 \(\lambda\) signals over the C-band.