## 3 Results  
### Analysis of the Composition and Nutritional Value of the Tested Rice Drinks  
Analysis of the composition and nutritional value of the studied rice drinks were based on the manufacturer's declarations on the labels of the studied products and the available literature. The results obtained are presented in Table 2. The rice drinks consisted of a rice base (water and 11-17% rice), sunflower oil, table salt in drink RB_4, and sea salt in the other drinks. The analysed rice drinks varied in rice content, with the highest percentage of this ingredient in drink RB_7 (17%) and the lowest in drink RB_4 (11%). The same content was reported in a study by [PERSON] et al. (2021) [4]. The tested rice drinks had a similar, reasonably low energy values (37-54 kcal/100 mL). A similar energy value, amounting to an average of 55.5 \(\pm\) 8.4 kcal/100 mL, was demonstrated by [PERSON] et al. (2023) [29] for 21 analysed products of this type. Similarly, [PERSON] et al. (2023) [30] showed the energy value of rice milk at 47 kcal/100 g. According to the literature, rice drinks have a low, although varied, energy value, ranging from 24.21 \(\pm\) 0.94 kcal/100 g to 62.71 \(\pm\) 0.79 kcal/100 g [31]. These authors showed significant differences in the energy value of rice drinks depending on the type of raw material used for their production (white, black, red rice) or the heat treatment used (pasteurisation/sterilisation), which significantly reduced the energy value of rice drinks [31]. The energy value of the drinks was mainly derived from naturally occurring carbohydrates, which ranged from 8.0-11.0 g/100 mL. A study by [PERSON] et al. (2018) [32] on analysing the composition of essential nutrients in rice drinks showed a similar carbohydrate content of approximately 9.2 g/100 mL. The relatively high content of these components is mainly due to the starch and other sugars contained in the rice grains [32]. In addition, in the study by [PERSON] et al. (2023) [30], rice drinks had a similar carbohydrate content (9.17 g/100 g), which mainly consisted of sugars (5.28 g/100 g), such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, and galactose. [PERSON] et al. (2023) [29] showed a similar carbohydrate content (11.2 \(\pm\) 1.8 g/100 mL), which mainly consisted of sugars (6.0 \(\pm\) 1.6 g/100 mL). [PERSON] et al. (2023) [31] found significant differences in the content of these nutrients (from 4.43 \(\pm\) 0.42 g/100 g to 12.52 \(\pm\) 0.02 g/100 g), depending on the type of rice used in the production of the drink and the thermal test used. The analysed beverages were characterised by a low fat content of 0.6-1.3 g/100 mL, derived mainly from added sunflower oil. In the available literature, similar fat contents can be found in rice drinks, ranging from 0.83 g/100 mL to 2.64 g/100 mL, mainly resulting from the addition of different oils (mostly sunflower oil) [12; 30; 31; 32]. The protein content of all rice drinks was shallow, not exceeding 0.5 g/100 mL. The low protein content of <2% in rice beverages is primarily related to the low proportion of rice in these beverages (11-17%) and their production process, during which there is a high loss of various nutrients (including protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals) naturally present in the hull, germ, and bran and removed during grain purification [20]. The studied beverages had a shallow dietary fibre content (0.1 to 0.3 g/100 mL). The available literature confirms the data for the rice drinks analysed in this study [29; 31; 30]. In the study by [PERSON] et al. (2023) [29], the protein contents in the 21 analysed rice drinks were, on average, 0.36 \(\pm\) 0.20 g/100 mL; an even lower amount of these nutrients was recorded by [PERSON] et al. (2023) [30], amounting to 0.028 g/100 g. In turn, [PERSON] et al. (2023) [31] showed a significantly higher protein content in rice drinks,