# Framework for Video Steganography Using Integer Wavelet Transform and JPEG Compression
## 2 Literature Review
This technique has good visual quality. The hidden secret message is exposed to attacks on compression. It also has a low concealing capacity [11]. In the proposed work [12], the Hash-based Least Significant Bit (HLSB) technique conceals secret information inside carrier video files having any format. Carrier video is divided into several frames, then a particular frame is selected to conceal secret information. Information about the carrier video like the number of frames, speed of frame, the height and width of the frame, etc. are retrieved from the header. The HLSB technique is used to embed secret data inside a particular frame. The size of secret information does not matter as in video there are multiple frames so secret information can be concealed in more than one frame. This technique is capable to conceal eight bits of secret information in the LSB of the RGB model. It conceals 3 bits in R, 3 bits in G, and 2 bits in B pixel of the RGB model. A 3-3-2 pixel scattering pattern is used due to the chromatic impact of the blue pixel on the human being more than that of the red and green pixel. In this way, video quality is not affected because of information concealing and a large amount of secret information can be concealed. A little change in the quality of the video is not detected by the human eyes. The location where secret information is concealed can be calculated by using the hash function as shown:  
\[k=p^{\prime\prime}\omega n.\]  
where \(k\) is the LSB bit location inside a particular pixel; \(p\) denotes the location of every concealed image pixel and \(n\) is the total number of bits of LSB [13]. In the proposed paper, the IWT steganography technique has been implemented on images. The high frequency components were used for embedding the secret message. As these coefficients represent image edges and embedding data into edges is safe compared to embedding in any other part of the image. The targeted coefficients were selected based on the intensity of edges. These selected edges were compared to the neighbouring coefficients. The input image was decomposed into blocks and IWT technique was applied on each block. The output stego generated was found to be of good visual quality. The PSNR and MSE were calculated for the evaluation of the work. The comparison of the work also has been done with some existing work for analysis of visual quality and robustness [14]. It has been concluded that a trade-off exists between embedding capacity, imperceptibility, and robustness. In the proposed work, a video steganography technique using IWT has been implemented. The IWT technique works in transform domain, so it is able to conceal the secret information in appropriate coefficients. It used a high frequency component to embed the secret data as these coefficients have a noise part of the signal. Embedding data in the noise part of the signal results in more security. The research work was implemented in MATLAB. Experimental results proved that the proposed work carry high robustness against attacks [15]. The security system is divided into two parts which are information encryption and embedding. There are many information encryption techniques in the market, but these techniques are only able to encode the secret data, their existence cannot be hidden. Information embedding techniques are able to hide the existence of secret data. In this proposed paper, an IWT-based image steganography technique has been implemented by the author. IWT transforms the high frequency components to embed the secret message. For the embedding of the secret message, the coefficients were segregated into 6 different categories by calculating value of Most Significant Bit (MSB). Coefficients lying in higher bands were used first to embed the secret data and so on. In the proposed work, a 67.7 KB secret message was embedded and then the PSNR of stego was calculated, which was found to be 54 DB. Because of the IWT technique, secret message reconstruction was done efficiently [16].