## 6 Discussion  
This paper reviews current literature on the topic of VRET and ARET and answer several questions regarding the usability of the treatments. It investigates the previous studies that used either VR and/or AR to treat any type of specific phobia in the last five years. It also provides some additional research direction for improving the case for mainstream VRET and/or ARET. The main finding of this systematic review is focusing on the feasibility of using virtual reality or augmented reality as an exposure therapy to treat different types of specific phobia. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Paper** & **Phobia Type** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Treatment Condition and** \\ **Sample Size** \\ \end{tabular} & **Age Range** & **Solution** & **Session Number** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Session** \\ **Length** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[40] & \begin{tabular}{c} Blood-Injection- \\ Injury (BII) \\ Phobia \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 1: VRET (\(n=21\)) \\ 2: IVET (\(n=22\)) \\ \end{tabular} & \(\geq\)18 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Patient exposed to two \\ 360 videos of a nurse \\ taking a blood sample and \\ giving an injection \\ \end{tabular} & 2 sessions &
\begin{tabular}{c} VRET 90 min \\ WL 30 min \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[41] & \begin{tabular}{c} Spider/Cockroach \\ Phobia \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 1: AR (\(n=32\)) \\ 2: IVET (\(n=31\)) \\ \end{tabular} & 20–70 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Participants exposed to a \\ 3D spider or cockroaches \\ \end{tabular} & 1 session & 180 m \\ \hline
[42] & Driving Phobia & VRET (\(n=14\)) & 28–53 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Each session contains 4 \\ scenarios that start with \\ the least anxiety level \\ \end{tabular} & 5 sessions & 5 to 60 min \\ \hline
[21] & Height Phobia & \begin{tabular}{c} 1: VRET (\(n=95\)) \\ 2: WL (\(n=95\)) \\ \end{tabular} & 18–65 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} A self-guided game that \\ asks the user to complete \\ several assignments and \\ view four 360 videos \\ \end{tabular} & 6 modules &
\begin{tabular}{c} 5 to 20 min \\ for each \\ module \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[43] & Spider Phobia & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 1: VRET (\(n=38\)) \\ 2: psychological only \\ control group (\(n=39\)) \\ \end{tabular} & 18–65 &
\begin{tabular}{c} A self-guided game that \\ asks the user to complete \\ several assignments and \\ view four 360 videos \\ \end{tabular} & 6 sessions & 30 min \\ \hline
[46] & Height Phobia & VRET (\(n=20\)) & 20–30 &
\begin{tabular}{c} The session starts with the \\ user finding himself on a \\ high floor inside an \\ apartment room and must \\ accomplish several tasks \\ including getting out of \\ the balocyn open door, \\ then they must hold onto \\ the balocyn the railing for \\ minutes, and finally get \\ the hanging object in front \\ of him \\ \end{tabular} & 1 session & 45 min \\ \hline
[44] & Height Phobia & 1: VRET (\(n=49\)) & 30–58 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Patients find themselves \\ in a building consisting of \\ 10 floors and the couch \\ guides the user through \\ the process and provides \\ them with the full \\ description of each task. \\ Moreover, the user can \\ choose one of the first 5 \\ floors to achieve certain \\ activities, but each floor \\ has a certain activity, \\ ranging from easier tasks \\ to harder ones \\ \end{tabular} & 6 sessions & 30 min \\ \hline
[45] & Flight Phobia & VRET & 20–65 &
\begin{tabular}{c} The patient was exposed \\ to three different virtual \\ flights \\ \end{tabular} & 3 sessions & 75 min \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: _Cont._Virtual reality has proved its ability to treat various types of a specific phobia including animal phobia, natural phobia, situational phobia, and blood-injection-injury phobia. On the other hand, augmented reality has proved its efficiency in only one type of specific phobia: animal phobia. Figure 4 shows the types of specific phobias discussed in this review. Figure 5 shows that AR and VR vary in treatment.