## 1 Introduction  
Dear antler is the only mammalian organ that can fully grow back once lost from its pedicle. Therefore, antlers probably offer the most pertinent model for studying organ regeneration in mammals. Antler regeneration is a stem-cell-based process, and antler stem cells reside in the periosteum of the pedicle, the permanent bony protuberance, from which antler regeneration occurs [1]. Pedicle periosteum (PP) cells are direct derivatives of cells resident in the antlerogenic periosteum (AP), a tissue that exists in prepubertal deer calves and can induce ectopic antler formation when transplanted elsewhere in the deer body. Both AP and PP cells express key embryonic stem cell markers (STRO-1, CD133,CD271 POU5F1, SOX2, and NANOG) [2; 3] and can be induced to differentiate into multiple cell lineages in vitro, and, therefore, they are termed antler stem cells, and antler regeneration is a stem cell-based epimorphic regeneration [4]. The antler stem cells express both classic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and are able to differentiate into multiple cell types in vitro. Thus, ASC were defined as MSCs but with partial ESC attributes [5]. The cornea is a highly specialized transparent tissue, which is an important refractive center. It is essential for normal vision, and any disturbances of the cornea usually leads to a decrease in visual acuity or even loss of vision. Being the most anterior part of the eyeball, it is also more vulnerable than other structures to trauma from impact, infection, or surgery. The cornea is made up of several layers: the anterior epithelium, the anterior limiting lamina, the Bowman's membrane, the stroma, the posterior limiting lamina, Descemet's membrane, and the posterior epithelium, the endothelium [6]. Depending on the extent of corneal damage and which layers of the cornea were damaged in the repair process, there is an inflammatory reaction with or without fibrosis, which usually leads to opacity and scar formation, followed by permanent visual impairment [7]. However, by far the most common result of various corneal injuries is superficial corneal erosion, which does not result in scar formation after healing. It involves only the corneal epithelium, very well innervated, whose damage causes the patient severe pain, as well as tearing, conjunctival redness, swelling, and great discomfort. When the erosion is large, multiple corneal erosions are present, or the patient is taking medication to inhibit re-epithelialization, the recovery process is prolonged, resulting in longer pain for the patient [8]. The way to rebuild a damaged cornea is to heal or replace it. Initially, a variety of therapeutic substances are used, but if these are ineffective, surgical methods are used [9]. The introduction of substances that accelerate corneal reepithelialization could significantly help patients by relieving the usually very severe pain. One of the directions of current research on substances accelerating wound healing is stem cells, whose potential therapeutic application is also being tested in ophthalmology. Successfully mesenchymal stem cells and limbal epithelial stem cells for ocular surface reconstruction and reepitalisa-tion was used [10]. One of the most serious eye surface injuries is a chemical corneal burn. It can cause permanent loss of transparency, ingrowth of new abnormal vessels, secondary glaucoma, and lead to blindness [11]. In an alkali burn corneal wound healing model, it was investigated whether systemically transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could nest and implant into tissue to promote corneal wound healing. At the 1-month follow-up, it was found that systemically transplanted MSCs could implant into the injured cornea to accelerate wound healing through differentiation, proliferation, and synergy with hematopoietic stem cells. Although there are known and applied in corneal regeneration stem cells, e.g., limbal epithelial, embryogenic, stromal, etc.