## 4 Conceptual Framework  
The conceptual framework depicted in Figure 6 synthesizes the main clusters identified in Table 4 and discussed earlier in this paper, illustrating critical factors influencing preflight planning for general aviation (GA) pilots. The arrows in the conceptual framework indicate a linear directional flow progression from \"aviation\" to \"information management\", which shows the steps involved in a typical aviation operation, from general concepts to specific areas. This mirrors the logical structure in the table, where each cluster represents a stage in aviation with keywords covering associated concepts. Starting from \"aviation\" and moving through \"general aviation\", \"human factors\", and so on, it suggests a pipeline of information processing and decision-making. The keywords in the table reflect various types of data, such as \"flight dynamics\", \"general aviation\", and \"situational awareness\", emphasizing the importance of information flow. The flowchart's path also suggests an increasing focus on safety and risk management as operations progress. The transition from \"critical accidents\" to \"decision-making\" and \"intelligent decision-making\" aligns with the table's keywords, indicating a logical flow toward enhanced safety and risk mitigation. The arrows represent addressing risks, learning from critical accidents, and implementing decision-making strategies to improve safety. The flowchart's connections signify the interdependence of various aviation elements, from training and human factors to task management and information processing. The keywords in the table, like \"resource management\", \"crew behavior\", \"risk analysis\", and \"task\", emphasize this interconnect-edness, showing how different systems within aviation are related. The sequence indicates a workflow for aviation operations, highlighting the step-by-step process from departure to arrival. This flow reflects the transition from broader aviation concepts to specific safety and information management aspects. The table's clusters and keywords support this idea, with keywords like \"workflow\", \"training curriculum\", and \"situational awareness\" showing a structured operational process. Finally, the arrows connecting the flowchart's stages can represent a logical flow in aviation operations, from general to specific concepts, focusing on information flow, risk management, interconnected systems, and operational workflow. The table's keywords align with this structure, illustrating the diverse elements involved in aviation and how they are logically connected. This framework captures the key dimensions the GA pilots must navigate to ensure a safe and effective flight from departure to arrival. It highlights the multifaceted nature of preflight planning and underscores the various aspects, such as decision-making and task management, which can profoundly impact flight safety. This framework also addresses the following problems by dimension, namely: aviation/general aviation (type of flight visual VFR or instrument IFR, weather stability, aircraft visual inspection, aircraft performance, mass and balance calculations, day or night flight, highest crosswind); human factors (rest in the last 24 h, previous meal, duration of the flight, hours in aircraft type, hours in the previous 90 days, aircraft proficiency); critical accidents (history of accidents in aircraft type, route and destination), decision-making (go/no go); intelligent decision-making (satellite charts, digital preflight tools); task management (all tasks are straightforward for the crew or solo pilot); safety (all preflight briefings are executed); and information management (all information regarding preflight is acquired). By enumerating these dimensions, this framework helps pilots and flight institutions/companies address these critical steps during preflight planning in a comprehensive, logical, and safer manner.