## 2 Materials and Methods
### Testing Procedure
Participants performed the test three times, with a 1 min rest between attempts. * The medicine ball throw (MT) test was used to assess explosive power for an analogous total body movement pattern [39]. The medicine ball throw was performed using a 2 kg ball. The participant started in a standing position with the ball held above the head. The athletes were instructed to throw the ball over their heads as far as possible, with the distance of each throw measured in centimeters. Participants performed the test three times, with a 2 min rest between attempts. Vertical and horizontal jump  
To assess jumping ability and explosive leg power, we employed the squat jump (SJ), squat jump with arm swing (SJA), squat jump with hands on chest (SJC), countermovement jump without an arm swing (CMJ), and countermovement jump with an arm swing (CMJ)A) tests [40; 41; 42]. All jump tests were performed in 3 trials, with a 2 min rest between each trial to allow for adequate recovery and to achieve maximal performance. * The SJ test began with the subject in a standing position, with their knees flexed at 90 degrees and feet placed hip-width apart. The subject's hands remained on their hips throughout the test. From this static position (without any pre-stretching), the subject performed a quick upward vertical jump, aiming to jump as high as possible. * The SJA test began with the subject in a standing position, with knees flexed at 90 degrees and feet placed hip-width apart. The subject's arms were initially raised above the head. During the jump, the arms were swung to assist the movement. From this static position (without any pre-stretching), the subject performed a quick upward vertical jump, aiming to jump as high as possible, utilizing the arm swing to increase jump height. * The CMJ test begins with the subject in an upright position, with their feet placed hip-width apart and knees slightly bent. The hands are positioned on the hips. From this static position, the subject quickly lowers into a squat, and then from the squat, performs an explosive upward jump, aiming to jump as high as possible. * The CMJA test begins with the subject in an upright position, with their feet placed hip-width apart and knees slightly bent. The arms are raised above the head in a position of elevation. From this static position, the subject quickly lowers into a squat, using their arms to assist the movement. Then, from the squat position, they perform an explosive upward jump, aiming to jump as high as possible, utilizing the arm swing to increase jump height. * The standing long jump (SLJ) serves as a field test for evaluating explosive leg power or the ability to generate force horizontally [43] and was conducted according to the protocol described by [PERSON] et al. [44]. A flat, non-slippery surface with a marked take-off point, with the take-off and landing areas at the same level. The examinee jumps with both feet from behind the take-off line and lands as far as possible. Both feet must land simultaneously. Each examinee is allowed two attempts. Any improperly executed jump must be repeated. The measurement point is the location where the heel first contacts the surface, closest to the take-off line. The measurement is recorded in centimeters, with the longest jump being noted. The jump should be performed with both feet taking off simultaneously. examinees are allowed to rise onto their toes before take-off. One agility test was conducted, namely, a \(t\)-test. The \(t\)-test procedure is described in the study by [PERSON] [45]. For the \(t\)-test agility test, the participants performed 3 trials with a 2 min rest between each trial to allow for recovery and to ensure more accurate results. For the \(t\)-test, four cones were arranged in a T-shape. One cone was placed 9.14 m from the starting cone, and two additional cones were positioned 4.57 m on either side of the second cone. All times were recorded using an electronic timing gate (Brower timing system) with a height of 0.75 m and a width of 3 m, aligned with the marked starting point.