# Flexible Antennas: A Review
## 8 Performance of Different Types of Flexible Antennas
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Reference No** & **Aetation Type** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Dimension mat\({}^{\text{a}}\)** \\ **and Application** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Substrate**, \\ **Conductive Element** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Bandwidth** \\ **(BWW\({}^{\text{a}}\))** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Resonant** \\ **Frequency** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Bandwidth and Removal** \\ **Frequency** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Antenna Gain and Efficiency** \\ **Frequency under Reading** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Normal Condition** \\ **Under Reading** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[23] & Minority Patch & \begin{tabular}{c} 6\(\times\)4 \(\times\) 0.127, \\ EM band application \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Kapten Projjjjjjjj, \\ Flexible Copper Type \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 900 MHz \\ 93.75 GHz \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Increased 31.75, and 31.5 GHz, \\ weak and small cells for expensive \\ bonding, and decreased (24%) and \\ 3.75 GHz spacing and visual level for \\ breakable bending \\ \end{tabular} & NA & NA \\ \hline
[24] & Minority-based & \begin{tabular}{c} 37\(\times\)3 \(\times\)0.58, \\ Koch fractal \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Viral polymer based \\ WBAN applications \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.36-25.5 GHz \\ flexible substrate, Cu \\ \end{tabular} & 2.46-25.5 GHz & 2.48 GHz &
\begin{tabular}{c} A slight in the new frequency, \\ bandwidth remained almost \\ identical. \\ \end{tabular} & 2.66-28.79\% & -0.85 GHz (non-hybrid) \\ \hline
[25] & Minority patch, & \begin{tabular}{c} 60\(\times\)6 \(\times\)6 \(\times\)613, Cboard and future \\ organic electronics applications \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 60\(\times\)6 \(\times\)613, Cboard and future \\ PNA/MWCN \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 600 MHz \\ 7.375 MHz width \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 4.43-45.5 GHz \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} N/A \\ 7.35 MHz width \\ \end{tabular} & 5.38-48.68 & NA \\ \hline
[23] & \begin{tabular}{c} Elliptical \\ quasi-dipole \\ antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 46\(\times\)4 \(\times\)4 \(\times\)49, and 19.5 GHz \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Kapten Projjjjjjj, \\ Efficient \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 1-5 GHz \\ \end{tabular} & 2.50 MHz &
\begin{tabular}{c} 25,000 bending cycles decrease the \\ number of the graphene \\ \end{tabular} & 23.48 GHz at 45 GHz, 56.8 & NA \\ \hline
[23] & \begin{tabular}{c} Elliptical \\ quasi-dipole \\ antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 22.31 \(\times\)13, Cboboarger, \\ pitch antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} [PERSON], \\ Efficient \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 1-5 GHz \\ \end{tabular} & 2.64-25.5 GHz & NA \\ \hline
[24] & \begin{tabular}{c} Multilayer \\ microbinary fractal \\ path antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 22.31 \(\times\)13, Cboarger, \\ pitch antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} [PERSON], \\ Efficient \\ \end{tabular} & 4.79-50.56 GHz & NA & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Bandwidth for delivering benefits \\ radio antenna via blocking \\ \end{tabular} & Peak gain 4.5-411 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Gain Increase of 0.3 \\ and 0.48 dB at 45 GHz for bending \\ GHz for bending \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[24] & \begin{tabular}{c} CYW-led Standard \\ Due monopoly \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 64\(\times\) \(\pm\) 0.335, WLAN, WMo, \\ 3C, and GC application \\ \end{tabular} & PFL, AG NP &
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.11 GHz to 4.25 \\ GHz (69.773) \\ \end{tabular} & 21.33, and 41.6 GHz & Bandwidth defined to the lower \\ frequency region & & & & & & \\ \hline
[24] & \begin{tabular}{c} CYW-led Standard \\ Due monopoly \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 40\(\times\)3 \(\times\)0.13, KM band, suitable \\ core entity detection of fusion particle \\ \end{tabular} & PFL, AG NP & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.28-2.5 GHz \\ (95.905) \\ \end{tabular} & 2.45 GHz &
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.45 GHz, The measured frequency \\ 2.48 GHz at 2.5 GHz \\ radio antenna \\ \end{tabular} & 2.41 GHz, 85 GHz & 2.51 dB at 2.53 GHz \\ \hline
[24] & \begin{tabular}{c} Minority patch \\ antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 40\(\times\)3 \(\times\)6 \(\times\)6 \(\times\)6, induced \\ intermediate systems in the 24 \\ GHz at 380 \\ \end{tabular} & PFL, AG NP & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.23-25.5 GHz \\ (9,305) \\ \end{tabular} & 2.45 GHz &
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.45 GHz, \\ 2.48 GHz, and 4.5 GHz \\ \end{tabular} & 2.48 GHz & 2.41 GHz, 85 GHz & 2.51 dB at 2.53 GHz \\ \hline
[25] & \begin{tabular}{c} CYW-led \\ rectangular path \\ with spectral index \\ and size \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 11\(\times\) 12.1 \(\times\)12, Future Double 5-50 \\ front antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 100 MHz \\ 600 MHz \\ 100 MHz \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.34-25.0 GHz \\ (640 MHz) \\ \end{tabular} & 26-40 GHz & 28 GHz, 35 GHz &
\begin{tabular}{c} Bandwidth and receive \\ frequency sensitive currently \\ of the prototypes are readout and frequency for entire Ke-band \\ \end{tabular} & NA \\ \hline
[111] & \begin{tabular}{c} Dipole RFID tag antenna \\ antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Refain 15 mm, height 7.5 mm, \\ RFID applications for renewable \\ devices in PCUs. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Bothun shaped ABS \\ substrate, 46\(\times\)37 \\ \end{tabular} & 910-4025 MHz & 920 MHz & NA & NA & NA \\ \hline
[116] & \begin{tabular}{c} Monopole antenna \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 3.74-2.4 GHz, \\ chip-capple \\ chip-capple \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 53.5-45.5 GHz, \\ 27\(\times\) 21 \(\times\) 0.08, Ultra-wideband \\ complementary \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 2.45 GHz, \\ 53.55-53.5 GHz, \\ 27\(\times\) 53 \(\times\)53 \(\times\)525 \\ (Method frequency) \\ \end{tabular} & NA &
\begin{tabular}{c} The counter-regous shifts a line \\ to a higher frequency for all the \\ needed bands \\ \end{tabular} & NA \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}