# Fungi of the _Trichoderma_ Genus: Future Perspectives of Benefits in Sustainable Agriculture
## 4 Application of _Trichoderma_ Fungi in the Control of Fungal Plant Pathogens
### Antibiosis
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Species of Trichoderma** & **Pathogens** & **Secondary Metabolites** & **Reference** \\ \hline _Trichoderma harzianum_ & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & volatile organic compounds: alcohols, acids, esters, ketones, sesquiterpenes & [77] \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & \multirow{2}{*}{harzianopyridone, anthrac�} & \multirow{2}{*}{[78]} \\  & _Macrophumina phaseolina_ & & \\  & _Rtizoctonia solani_ & anthraquinones, stigmasterol & \\  & _Sclertoium rolfsii_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Rtizoctonia solani_ & \multirow{2}{*}{T22 zaaphilone} & \multirow{2}{*}{[79]} \\  & _Gaeumannomyces graminis_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Botrytis cinerea_ & \multirow{2}{*}{harzianopyridone} & \multirow{2}{*}{[79]} \\  & _Rtizoctonia solani_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Rtizoctonia solani_ & & \\  & _Sclertoitinia sclerotorium_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Botrytis cinerea_ & \multirow{2}{*}{harzianolide, T39 butenolide} & \multirow{2}{*}{[61]} \\  & _Gaeumannomyces graminis_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma harzianum_} & _Sclertoitinia sclerotorium_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma kontingsii_} & _Botrytis cinerea_ & \multirow{2}{*}{trichokonins VI, trichokonins VII, trichokonins VIII} & \multirow{2}{*}{[61]} \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & trichokonins VIII & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma koningsiopsis_} & _Botrytis cinerea_ & \multirow{2}{*}{volatile organic compounds: alkenes, alkanes, esters} & \multirow{2}{*}{[80]} \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma koningsiopsis_} & _Fusarium flocciferum_ & \multirow{2}{*}{koninguins R, koninguins S} & \multirow{2}{*}{[81]} \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma koningsiopsis_} & _Apergillus fumigatus_ & trichodermin, volatile organic compounds: alcohols, esters, lactones, acids, furanes, lipids & \\  & _Botrytis cinerea_ & compounds: alcohols, esters, lactones, acids, furanes, lipids & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma longiphrachiatum_} & _Rhizctonia solani_ & & \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & volatile organic compounds: alcohols, & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma longiphrachiatum_} & _Sclertoitinia sclerotorium_ & ketones, aldehydes, esters, acids, & \\  & _Sclertotium rolfsii_ & ethers, terpenes, hydrocarbons & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma pseudokoningii_} & _Botrytis cinerea_ & \multirow{2}{*}{trichokonin VI} & \multirow{2}{*}{[84]} \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma viridae_} & _Sclertotium rolfsii_ & & \\  & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & volatile organic compounds: alcohols, acids, esters, ketones, sesquiterpenes & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_Trichoderma virens_} & _Macrophumina phaseolina_ & \multirow{2}{*}{} & \multirow{2}{*}{[77]} \\  & _Sclertotium rolfsii_ & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & _Rtizoctonia batticola_ & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & _Rtizoctonia solani_ & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._Application of the extract increased the growth and weight of plants and reduced lesion size by 28.5% (metabolite concentration \(-\) 1 ppm) and 30.7% (metabolite concentration \(-\) 0.1 ppm) compared to the control.