## 3 Research about Impact of AI on Education
### Unique Needs of these Students  
The increasing number of international students has spurred countries to develop innovative strategies to attract even more students [5]. Traditionally, international students have moved from less developed to more developed countries, with North America and Europe being the most popular destinations [6]. However, a student's decision to attend a particular institution or country for their academic pursuits is influenced by a wide range of variables. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [7] note that the motives behind international students' decisions to study abroad are determined by \"push/pull factors\". Push factors encourage and influence students to move away from their home country, while pull factors attract individuals to a particular host country. Pull factors can include familiarity with the institution or country, the cost of living, the local environment, social connections, and more [8].  
Research on international student migration has identified various factors that motivate students to study abroad. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [9] found that primary motivators are the desire to attend a prestigious or innovative university and obtain an international education to establish a successful career in the global marketplace. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] similarly found that students are inspired by the opportunities for employment, lifestyle advancement, and recognition that come with earning a degree from an international institution. A thematic analysis conducted by [PERSON] et al. [11] identified \"learning and educational experiences, \"qualities and characteristics of the universities, such as program variety and prestige, and \"future career prospects\", as the most commonly cited reasons for choosing to study abroad. Financial benefits and filling skills gaps in technology-related employment [12] and a desire to improve language skills and learn about other cultures [13] also contributing factors.  
Figure 1: Number of students registered outside their country of citizenship (UIS Statistics, 2023).  
However, international students face numerous challenges when studying abroad. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [14] noted that a significant area of concern for international students is a loss of confidence in their language abilities, one of the most intimidating obstacles to a positive transition experience. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [15] identified several challenges and academic needs of international students, including language proficiency, understanding instructions, completing assignments, conducting research, participating in discussions, and keeping pace with the rest of the class. Addressing these challenges and meeting the academic needs of international students is essential for ensuring their success and improving the overall international student experience.  
The key drivers behind international student migration are providing students with a high-quality education and meeting their learning-related needs. As such, universities and colleges must focus on developing and implementing effective academic methods that incorporate the latest technological advancements to improve the overall educational experience for their students. In particular, the following sections will examine the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in education and how they can help support international students by providing personalized learning experiences, adaptive testing, predictive analytics, and chatbots for learning and research. These AI innovations have the potential to revolutionize higher education and enhance the learning experience for international students, but it is important to carefully consider and address the potential risks and limitations associated with their use [16].