# Current Problems of Forest Protection (25-27 October 2022, Katowice Poland)
## 1 Introduction
* The role of mycorrhizal fungi is to stabilize the ecosystem; therefore, the selection of drought-resistant tree genotypes and mycorrhizal fungal species is necessary for future forest management. * The protection of old trees, and thus, the forest microbiota, is one of the issues to reduce the negative effects of drought. * Mycorrhizal of seedlings with mycorrhizal fungi with hydrophobic mycelium, such as Scleroderma spp. or Rhizopogon spp., is worth considering under the current climatic conditions. In conclusion, the challenges caused by climate change may lead to a change in the main objective of forest management, going far beyond the mere maintenance of natural functions of the forest. Therefore, climate change may force the development of entirely new models of forest management. Guy Ryder-UN-Water Chair at the 24 th UN -Water meeting in Geneva 2016 stated: \"There is no life without water\"--but this is not the whole truth-\"There is no forest without fungi\" and any effort to improve forest conditions must take into account the status of local mycobiota. water deficit; mycorrhiza; pathogens; endophytes; forest dieback  
O.V.T.Ozako, H.S.Szmida and I.S. **Abstract:** The intensification of transport and the shortening of its duration, as well as climate change, favour the introduction of various organisms, including bark beetles (Scolytinae). As a result of various types of inventories and monitoring, five new bark beetle species have been discovered in Poland in the last decade, bringing the number of species considered alien to nine. One of them is _Gnathotrichus materarius_, which grows on conifers, but prefers pines and sprues. In Poland, the species was first detected in 2015 in the southwestern part of the country (Regional Directorate of State Forests in Wroclaw). Based on the data on the occurrence of the species, a model was developed indicating areas with optimal climatic conditions for the development of the species. In addition, a forecast of the species' distribution for the period 2061-2080 was prepared. Other alien species colonising oaks and/or ash bark beetles (e.g., _Pilboetribus caucasicus_) are other factors that will contribute to the decline of the species. It should also be noted that pathogens can be transmitted by insects that pose an additional threat to forest stands. High temperatures and long periods without rain cause physiological stress in trees, making plants susceptible to disease and insect colonisation. Poor tree conditions create favourable conditions for the development of various insects, including alien and invasive insects. Invasion dynamics depend on many abiotic and biotic factors; therefore, this process is diverse and difficult to predict. Therefore, it is important to monitor populations of these species to minimise negative impacts on the environment and economy. The research presented shows that monitoring is an important tool for collecting data on native and alien species, which provides the basis for developing conservation measures. alien species; insect pests; bark and ambrosia beetles  
**Algorithms:** A New Challenge for Silviculture and Protection of Deciduous Stands in Poland? Marlena Baranowska, Adrian Lukowski, Robert Korzeniewicz, Wojciech Kowalkowski and Lukasz Dylewski  
Poznan University of Live Sciences, Poznan, Poland  
\({}^{*}\) Correspondence: marlena.baranowska@up.poznan.pl  
**Abstract:**_Loranthus europaeus_ Jacq. (Oak Mistletoe) is a semi-parasitic plant that mainly attacks oaks. It usually occurs as a medium-sized shrub that deprives the host plant of water, minerals and organic compounds. _Loranthus europaeus_ restricts the process of photosynthesis and respiration of host plants. Trees colonised by this mistletoe are more susceptible to the influence of stress factors, the effect of which accelerates the death of the trees. Heavily infested trees respond with premature crown ageing, which can eventually lead to tree death. Information on the occurrence of _L. europaeus_ in Poland is contradictory.