###### Abstract  
In the last few years, many examples of blood and medicine delivery drones have been demonstrated worldwide, which mainly rely on aeronautical experience that is not common in the medical world. Speaking about drone delivery, attention should focus on the most important thing: the transported lifesaving good. Traditional boxes that monitor temperature are not usually in real time, and are not suitable for drone transportation because they are heavy and bulky. This means that the biomedical characteristics of delivery are of primary importance. A Smart Capsule, equipped with artificial intelligence (AI), is the first system ever proposed to provide a fully autonomous drone delivery service for perisable and high-value medical products, integrating real-time quality monitoring and control. It consists in a smart casing that is able to guide any autonomous aerial vehicle attached to it, specifically designed for transporting blood, organs, tissues, test samples and drugs, among others. The system monitors the conditions of the product (e.g., temperature, agitation and humidity) and adjusts them when needed by exploiting, for instance, vibrations to maintain the required agitation, ensuring that goods are ready to be used as soon as they are delivered. The Smart Capsule also leverages external temperature to reduce energy uptake from the drone, thus improving the drone's battery life and flight range. The system replaces the need for specialized drivers and traditional road-bound transportation means, while guaranteeing compliance with all applicable safety regulations. A series of 16 experimental tests was performed to demonstrate the possibility of using the smart capsule to manage the flight and internal good delivery. Eighty-one missions were carried out for a total of 364 min of flight. The Smart Capsule greatly improves emergency response and efficiency of healthcare systems by reducing delivery times by up to 80% and costs by at least 28%. The Smart Capsule and its enabling technology based on AI for drone deliveries are discussed in this paper. The aim of this work is to show the possibility of managing drone delivery with an AI-based device. medical delivery; drone delivery; telemedicine; autonomous robot; AI +
Footnote †: journal: Medical Medical Material through Drones  
16 July 2021 26 August 2021 2  
remote mountain areas and islands in a short time. A Smart Capsule, which is flexible and modular, and equipped with artificial intelligence, is introduced in this paper. The Smart Capsule is able to guide whichever drone (or autonomous vehicle) it is attached to, with the final aim of replacing the presence of specialized drivers and traditional wheel-based means, regardless of the weather, and guaranteeing the conditions of its cargo according to current regulations. It also monitors the status (i.e., temperature and humidity) of the transported health goods, and modifies it when needed in order for it to be ready to be used as soon as it is delivered to the final destination. Artificial intelligence enables the possibility for the Smart Capsule to act as a supervisor during autonomous delivery missions in a broad range of medical applications. Blood and blood components (i.e. plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) are vital healthcare resources used in a broad range of clinical services and are included in The World Health Organization's (WHO) model lists of essential medicines [2]. Transfusion is commonly used for supportive care in cardiovascular and transplant surgery, massive trauma, burn patient treatment, therapy for cancer, anemia, and pregnancy-related complications. Similarly, transplantation of organs is increasingly used as a medical treatment to save lives. Organ transplantation is necessary to treat end-stage organ failure and degenerative diseases. Access to sufficient, secure supplies of blood, blood products, and organs is an essential part of any strong health system.