# Wireless Channel Models for Over-the-Sea Communication: A Comparative Study
## 6 Possible Applications and Improvements
### Possibility of Unique and Novel Applications of the Channel Models  
In this subsection, the possibilities of unique and novel applications of the channel models are exploited and discussed. **Ocean surveillance for military applications:** Applications of UAVs have increased a lot these days. They can be applied to monitor the sea surface in different regions. After data acquisition, it is necessary for them to transmit the data to the nearby sea vessels, ships, etc. To do that, it is mandatory to use an efficient channel model that is robust enough to support the communication between UAVs and sea surface vessels by considering atmospheric duct effects, path loss, fading caused by Doppler effects, etc. It is also possible to support a high data rate by using appropriate frequencies. Channel models proposed in [9; 21] are suitable for this purpose. With the loss of communication, it is inevitable to lose the aircraft in the sea or have vehicular collision, but such kind of phenomenon is not acceptable in military operations. In [9], a great effort was put to avoid the aircraft loss and it is highly suitable for military applications requiring ocean surveillance through UAVs. **Resource expedition in deep sea:** Expeditions are undertaken often in the deep sea for resource exploration. This requires reliable long-range communication supporting bLoS links. bLoS links are necessary in this case because it is quite impossible to predict the obstructions that the transmitted signals may face. The channel model proposed in [13] considered bLoS of propagation and it has a huge range of 500 km. Therefore, this channel model is highly applicable for resource expedition in deep sea regions. Furthermore, using the channel model proposed in [15], transmitters and receivers can communicate even if there are obstructions such as big as islands. It can also be applied for deep sea expedition. **Marine forecast and warning system:** Marine activities are often threatened by frequently changing climate and potential natural disasters. Channel models that are capable of providing reliable communication, with a fair amount of fading and attenuation in an adverse natural situation, can be used to design ship-to-shore marine forecast warning systems. The channel model presented in [5] is suitable for this kind of application. **Marine protection:** We all know that seas all around the world are full of natural resources. They need continuous monitoring. Under water sensor networks or typical wireless sensor networks can be deployed for ocean monitoring for marine protection to the natural resources. The channel model proposed in [16] can be used to integrate sensor networks with the transceiver platforms. **Integrating wireless multimedia sensor nodes:** Sensor nodes capable of capturing and processing multimedia data, such as image, audio, or video, are considered as multimedia sensor nodes. Ocean surveillance and environment monitoring may require capturing multimedia data, whereby these nodes can play a crucial role. But wireless multimedia sensor nodes have high chunks of data that require a high data rate. In [21], a channel model was designed that can support a high data rate. Wireless multimedia sensor networks can be integrated with the channel model proposed in [21].