## Appendix D
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
**References** & **PC** & **Highest MV on MP of (...) in Comparison with (...)/Lengths/** & **Studied Properties** & **TM** & **TS** & **FM** & **FS** & **IS** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{10}{*}{**Authors Findings**} & **PC** & **Highest MV on MP of (...) in Comparison with (...)/Lengths/** & **Studied Properties** & **TM** & **TS** & **FM** & **FS** & **IS** \\ \cline{2-10}  & **Type** & **Contents (wt \%)** & **Properties** & & & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
**References** & **PC** & **Highest MV on MP of (...) in Comparison with (...)/Lengths/** & **Studied Properties** & **TM** & **TS** & **FM** & **FS** & **IS** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{10}{*}{**Authors Findings**} & **The mererization of BF results in an improvement in interfacial bonding into the IR, which is probably because of the formation of additional sites created for mechanical interlocking. This contributes to more fiber interpenetration at the IR, thereby increasing the strength in the PC. A marginal increase in TS of 9\% was obtained for UPCMBF(NaOH) as compared with UPCUBF. Some authors reported the fact that NaOH treatment results in the removal of surface imperfection of the fibers, which helps efficient mechanical interlocking with the matrix. However, 19\% improvement in TS was observed when BF was treated with APS. Some authors suggested that APS has the ability to interact with the polyloide chain, which plays a vital role in making it compatible with the BF. During the treatment, APS hydrolases to silanol, which can bond effectively with carboxylic groups of BF through ester linkage. Amino groups from APS can also form hydrogen bonds with C=O sites on the PLA backbone. This induces improvements in the compatibility of the BF with the PH matrix, thereby increasing the strength. A significant improvement of 136\% in TS was achieved with the incorporation of MBF (Sto9) into the PLA. This was due to the theory group of Si69, which reacts with the carbonyl group of the cellulose fiber in ethanol media, which further interacts with PLA through hydrogen and covalent bonds. The sulfur atom present in Si69 can also impart polarity in the system to enhance the interaction with the PLA matrix. Thus, it is a bridge between BF and PLA, enhancing the interfacial interaction into the IR. In all the cases, the UPCMBF (except for Si69) showed a decrease in TM as compared with the UPCUBF UPCMBF (treated with NaOH and APS) showed the smallest losses for TM as compared with the UPCUBF and the pristine PC. UPCMBF treated with Si69 showed a marginal increase in TM because of increased interaction into IR. By showed a similar trend. These obtained results confirm the improvement quality of the IR by the Si69 CCD of BF. In fact and as explained by the authors [48], the enhancing quality of the IR was the responsibility of the ethoxy group and the sulfur atom present in Si69. The first one reacts with the carbonyl group of the BF in ethanol media interacting with the UPLA through hydrogen and covalent bonds, and the second one changes the polarity of the system. These are the satisfactory conditions to hence the interpretation of the MBF at the IR, increasing the strength in the final UPCMBF(Sto9). However, an opposite trend was observed for MBF (acetylation) results, which showed a considerable decrease in the variation of the TF. The decrease was attributed to the cross-linking reactions and agglomeration of MBF during the manufacturing of the UPCMBF. This fact induces degradation on MBF and on the PM, at 1\% in poor stress transfer across the IR, which implies a reduction in MP. The SCT of BF enhance the IS of the UPCMBF as compared with UPCUBF. Nearly 8\% improvement in IS was observed for UPCMBF(NaOH), Significant improvements of 24\% and 49\% in IS were observed for UPCMBF(APS and Si69), respectively. These results confirm an increasing in IR adhesion upon surface treatments. Finally, among all the UPCMBF, UPCMBF(Sto9) showed optimum PS as compared with the virgin PM and other PC.
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline  &... UPCUBF... pristine PC... & & & & +85 & +5 & +40 & +1 & \(-\)41 \\ \cline{2-10}  &... UPCMBF (APS)... pristine PC... & & & & +112 & +19 & +83 & +9 & \(-\)28 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & 30(BF)+5 CG & \(-\)5 & +2 & \(-\)4 & +9 & +24 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & 30(BF)+10 CG & \(-\)7 & +10 & \(-\)7 & +17 & +29 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & 30(BF)+15 CG & \(-\)8 & +13 & \(-\)7 & +20 & +54 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & & & 30(BF)+20 CG & \(-\)19 & +6 & \(-\)10 & +7 & +61 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}