## 3 Optically Pumped Lasers
### Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Active Material** & **Cavity Geometry** & **Threshold** & **Peak wav. (nm)** & **Pump Pulse Length** & **Pump wav. (nm)** & **Ref.** \\ \hline MAPb\({}_{3}\) & random & 11 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)780 & 400 ps & 532 & [42] \\ MAPb\({}_{5}\) & random & 220 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) (77 K) & \(\sim\)745 & 0.5 ns & 335 & [41] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & random & 200 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)784 & 0.8 ns & 335 & [39] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & random & 100 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)775 & 1.0 ns & 335 & [40] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) microhexagons & WGM & 9 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)782 & 50 fs & 400 & [58] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) microtriangle & WGM & 37 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)760 & 50 fs & 400 & [48] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) microsphere & WGM & 75 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) (80 K) & \(\sim\)755 & 2 ns & 355 & [62] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 228 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 789.5 & 300 ps & 532 & [73] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 100 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 786.5 & 1 ns & 532 & [67] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 270 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 784 & 1 ns & 532 & [71] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 225 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 784.3 & 5 ns & 532 & [72] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & 2D-DFB & 4 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 784 & 200 fs & 515 & [68] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & 2D-DFB & 68.5 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 788 & 270 ps & 532 & [75] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & 2D-DFB & 110 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 784 & 910 ps & 355 & [68] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DBR-DBR VCSEL & 7.6 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 778.4 & 30 ps & 532 & [78] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DBR-DBR VCSEL & 114 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 778.4 & 5 ns & 532 & [78] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & C\({}_{1}\) & DBR-metal VCSEL & 0.2 \(\mu\)J & 775 & 400 ps & 532 & [6] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & random & 1 nJcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)540 & 55 ps & 374 & [46] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & \(\sim\)10 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)540 & N/A & 374 & [44] \\ MAPb\({}_{5}\) microwire & WGM & 2.37 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 558.5 & 100 fs & 400 & [55] \\ MAPb\({}_{2}\) microprobev & WGM & 290 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 555 & 100 fs & 405 & [57] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) microcrystals & WGM & 3.6 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 557.5 & 120 fs & 400 & [53] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & microcapillary & WGM & 4.7 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 560 & 200 fs & 397 & [64] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 30 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)550 & 200-300 fs & 397 & [51] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & Fabry-Perot & WGM & 150 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)550 & 200–300 fs & 397 & [52] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & DFB & 3.4 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 555.3 & 300 ps & 532 & [66] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & 2D-DFB & 6 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & 547 & 1 ns & 355 & [18] \\ MAPb\({}_{3}\) & 30 opal & 1.6 mJcm\({}^{-2}\) & 544.56-545.54 & 500 ps & 532 & [69] \\ BAMPb\({}_{5}\)SrPbCl\({}_{3}\) microring & WGM & 12.2 \(\mu\)Jcm\({}^{-2}\) & \(\sim\)542 & 150 fs & 400 & [60] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Lasing properties of the perovskite lasers described in this review. The data are grouped taking into account the active material and then the cavity type, and are in order of increasing pump pulse time width. In papers discussing multiple devices the reported data are relative to the device with the minimum threshold. N/A evidences non available data.