## 4 Conclusions  
This paper explores a method for simulating high-rise building fires in wind environments, by coupling WRF with Fluent and FDS. Major conclusions can be drawn as follows:  
1. Wind speeds in urban spaces increase with height. Kilometer-scale urban wind fields simulated using mesoscale WRF models showed that wind speed distribution increases with height, and wind direction varies significantly over time. Subsequently, the wind fields obtained from WRF simulations were applied to Fluent for further downscaled simulations around high-rise buildings at a meter-level resolution. The results from Fluent software (Ansys Fluent 2021)simulations exhibited consistent patterns with those from WRF simulations, showing that wind speeds increase with height. Coupling WRF with Fluent could provide a better simulation of actual atmospheric wind environments. 2. As for the propagation patterns of high-rise building fires under different strong wind boundary conditions, full-scale FDS numerical simulations with a four-layer stratified air supply at vertical heights revealed that forward winds mainly promote vertical flame spread. Under the influence of forward winds, temperatures on the left, middle, and right sides of the fire-exposed wall all increase, with relatively small temperature differences. Lateral winds promote lateral flame spread and inhibit vertical flame spread. Under lateral wind conditions, when the fire point is at the base of the building, the flame front reaches only up to 18 m on the fire-exposed wall. Due to lateral winds, the flame deflects to the left, concentrating high-temperature areas mainly in the middle and left areas at the base of the building. Backward winds simultaneously promote lateral and vertical flame spread, primarily enhancing vertical flame spread. Under backward wind conditions, temperatures on the left,  
Figure 36: Temperature changes in fired wall under Working Condition 3-2.  
middle, and right sides of the fire-exposed wall all increase, with relatively small temperature differences. This article combines multi-scale coupling simulation with model experiments to study the flame deflection, flame propagation speed, and temperature distribution of a fire-prone wall. The main focus of the research is on the exterior walls of the building's fire-prone surface, and there are some limitations to this study. Therefore, further research should be conducted on the following aspects:  
1. The impact of facade fires on the interior of buildings is one of the key research topics in building fires. When the exterior of a building catches fire, the spread of smoke into the interior of the building and the impact of the fire on the temperature inside the building are important factors affecting the evacuation of personnel inside the building. Therefore, we recommend efforts to investigate the impact of facade fires on the interior of buildings in strong wind environments. 2. The main focus of this article is on the study of the spread characteristics of fire walls in buildings that catch fire in strong wind environments. Beyond this, strong winds can cause significant deflection of flames in exterior facade fires, thereby affecting other non-fire walls and even adjacent buildings to those that catch fire. Therefore, research should be conducted on the impact of strong winds on non-fire walls and adjacent buildings. The main author [PERSON] was responsible for the initial drafting of the manuscript, research methods, software utilization, data validation, interpretation of results and raw data, and formal analysis. [PERSON], the corresponding author, was responsible for manuscript review, supervision, and project management. The second author [PERSON] provided comprehensive supervision and undertook the work of model guidance and paper guidance. The third author [PERSON] was responsible for supervising the paper and providing valuable suggestions for its writing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.