## 3 Result  
### Progress of Stress-Energy of Surrounding Rock during Mining Excavation Disturbance  
#### 3.1.1 Stress Evolution in the Process of Mining Excavation Disturbance  
In this similar test, a total of 40 thin-film pressure sensors were arranged, among which 13 sensors failed to collect effective data due to reasons such as false vibration of the consolidation material and water intake of the sensors. The monitoring data of the remaining 27 sensors were analyzed with emphasis. The stress analysis started from the excavation of the working face, and the formal excavation of the mining face, and stopped after the completion of the excavation of 18 cycles. As shown in Figure 2a, 1# and 2# monitoring points are located at the coal body floor on the left side of the heading face, 3 m and 6 m away from the left side of the roadway, respectively. In the early stage of working face stopping (5-20 m), the pressure at measuring point 1# rapidly rises to the second highest value and then slightly decreases. When the mining of the working face is in the range of 20-45 m, the advanced abutment pressure moves forward continuously, which results in a significant stress concentration under the influence of the opposite mining and mining disturbance. The pressure of the measuring point rises to the highest value again, which is 1092 N. When the mining range of the working face is 50-60 m, due to the plastic failure of surrounding rock the mining face, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Test** \\ **Number** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Pendulum** \\ **Lifting** \\ **Height/m** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Simulate** \\ **Angle**\({}^{c}\) \\ **Angle**\({}^{c}\) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Test** \\ **Dynamic Load** \\ **Energy/J** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Pendulum** \\ **Lifting** \\ **Height/m** \\ \end{tabular} & & & & & & \\
1 & 0.1 & 25.9 & 3.27 \(\times 10^{5}\) & 9 & 0.9 & 84.3 & 2.95 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
2 & 0.2 & 36.8 & 6.55 \(\times 10^{5}\) & 10 & 1.0 & 90 & 3.27 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
3 & 0.3 & 45.6 & 9.82 \(\times 10^{5}\) & 11 & 1.1 & 95.6 & 3.60 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
4 & 0.4 & 53.1 & 1.31 \(\times 10^{6}\) & 12 & 1.2 & 101.1 & 3.93 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
5 & 0.5 & 60.0 & 1.64 \(\times 10^{6}\) & 13 & 1.3 & 106.5 & 4.26 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
6 & 0.6 & 66.4 & 1.96 \(\times 10^{6}\) & 14 & 1.4 & 111.8 & 4.58 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
7 & 0.7 & 72.5 & 2.29 \(\times 10^{6}\) & 15 & 1.5 & 117.0 & 4.91 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\
8 & 0.8 & 78.5 & 2.62 \(\times 10^{6}\) & 16 & 1.6 & 122.1 & 5.24 \(\times 10^{6}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Pendulum lifting height and simulated impact dynamic load energy. the pressure starts to drop like a step. When the working face is mined 65-90 m, the overburden movement is stable, and the stress is gradually maintained at a certain level. Relatively speaking, the 2# monitoring point only showed an upward trend at the initial stage and then remained stable. Next, 5#, 7#-10# monitoring points are in the middle and high roofs of different levels above the excavation face, 11 m, 29 m, and 47 m away from the roadway roof, respectively. Figure 2: Stress evolution characteristics of measuring points in the process of mining and excavation disturbance: (**a**) 1#, 2#; (**b**) 5#, 7#-10#; (**c**) 11#, 14#; (**d**) 26#, 27#; (**e**) 29#, 31#; (**f**) 34#, 35#, 39#, 40#. It can be seen that, except for the measuring point 10\(\#\), the farther away from the coal roadway roof, the less influenced by the stopping face, the higher the roadway integrity, so the higher the relative pressure value. The overall law in the mining process of the working face can be roughly divided into four stages: the rapid rise and slight decline in the early stage, continuous rise to the extreme value, step-like decline in the middle stage, and slow rise in the late stage.