## 4 Results
### The Mapping between the Proposed Microgestures and Commands  
A total of 2113 microgesture-command combinations (40 participants * (2 to 4) microgestures * 20 commands) were selected by participants for the 20 commands. Only two new microgestures were proposed by the participants, and, since they were so few, the two new microgestures were not considered for further analysis. A final set of 19 microgestures linked to 20 commands is proposed (Figure 5) primarily based on popularity. Gesture popularity was determined by the number of participants who assigned the same microgesture to a command. For example, gesture _x (index and middle finger swipe left/right with the pronated forearm)_ was assigned to two commands _previous/next_ and _scroll left/right_ because of its high popularity, with values of 27 and 34, respectively. The commands _accept/decline a call_ were assigned different gestures. Gesture _p (form okay posture from the palm posture with the forearm in neutral position)_ was preferred by 24 participants for command accept a call and gesture _y (palm swipes on the table back and forth with the pronated forearm)_ was most preferred by 21 participants for command _decline a call_. Similarly, the commands _duplicate_ and _delete the object_ were assigned different gestures. Gestures _k (index finger taps on the table with the palm down)_ was selected by 34 participants for command _duplicate the object_ and gesture _w (index finger swipes back and forth with the pronated forearm and the hand in index fist posture)_ was selected by 22 participants for command _delete the object_. Twenty-nine participants preferred performing gesture _q (form okay posture from the fist posture or the reversed one)_ to activate the interface to start hand gesture recognition to detect hand gestures as the input command or deactivate the input interface. To display or close the menu bar, gesture _l (palm taps on the table once or twice)_ was selected and was the most popular among participants. The commands _scroll up/down_ were used to select  
Figure 5: The assignment of microgestures to 20 commands. different menu bars to change the system settings, and the most popular microgesture was gesture \(t\) (_index and middle finger scratch to the toward/away with the pronated arm_), selected by 28 participants. When the menu bar was designed in the form of a circle, 23 participants expressed that they would like to perform gesture \(e\) (_index finger circles CW/CCW with the pronated forearm_) to select the previous or next circled item. If participants were provided with VR to watch a movie, 29 of them selected gesture \(j\) (_index finger taps on the table once or twice with the pronated forearm_) to play or pause the video. To mute or unmute the system sound while interacting with the VR/AR, 26 participants preferred performing gesture \(m\) (_first knocks on the table once or twice with the pronated forearm_). Moreover, 24 participants preferred using gesture \(f\) (_thumb slides on the index finger to the left/right with curled palm and a neutral forearm_) to turn up or turn down the volume. The popularity of gestures to activate or deactivate the marker was lower, with the most popular selection by 16 participants being gesture \(r\) (_index finger scratches forward/backward with the pronated arm_). Moving the cursor is an important command. Twenty-five participants assigned gesture \(z\) (_the hand in index finger fist posture with the forearm in a neutral position_) to control the cursor with the conversion of the fingertip location to the movement of the cursor. Once users moved the cursor to the target, gesture \(i\) (_thumb tip taps on the side of the middle finger with a neutral forearm once or twice_) was selected by 18 participants to select the target or undo the selection. After confirming selecting the object, the users could manipulate the object with hand gestures. Thirty-seven participants preferred gesture \(a\) (_grab/expand with the forearm in the neutral position_) to shrink/enlarge the object.