# Biclustering of Smart Building Electric Energy Consumption Data
## 2 Our Proposal
### Data  
The data used in this work are related to the electric energy consumption of various buildings located at the campus of the Pablo de Olavide University of Seville, Spain. The geographical location of the Campus is characterized by extremely high temperature, with maximum temperature higher than 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C, during the summer months, and by relatively mild winters, with minima of around 0-2 \({}^{\circ}\)C and maxima of around 18-20\({}^{\circ}\). This climate is considered Hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) according to the Koppen-Geiger classification. Table 1 shows the average temperatures, the average maximum and minimal temperatures, and rainfall registered between 2011 and 2015, the years in which the data used in this paper were collected. The campus consists of 33 buildings with different characteristics. However, not all buildings are monitored for energy consumption, and of the ones that are monitored, many are characterized by a low quality of the collected data. For this reason, we selected five buildings, namely those with more higher quality data. A brief description of the selected buildings is provided in Table 2 including year of construction (and refurbishment year if applicable), size and a short description of the purpose of the building. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline
**Year** & **Avg. Temp.** & **Avg. Max. Temp.** & **Avg. Min. Temp.** & **Rainfall (mm)** \\ \hline
2011 & 19.2 & 26.4 & 13.5 & 369.03 \\
2012 & 18.7 & 25.8 & 12.4 & 324.13 \\
2013 & 18.5 & 25.3 & 12.6 & 425.67 \\
2014 & 18.9 & 25.6 & 13.3 & 636.50 \\
2015 & 19.1 & 26.8 & 13.1 & 318.46 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Average temperatures and rainfall in Seville. The five selected buildings automatically perform a read regarding the electric energy consumption every 15 min, giving in this way the possibility of monitoring the energy consumption in real time. It should be noted that the energy consumed includes lighting, air conditioning, office and lab equipment, but only the total energy consumption is registered, meaning that we cannot access finer grained energy consumption data. Moreover, the occupancy rate of the buildings and the external temperature are also monitored every 15 min. The external temperature data are the same for all buildings, while the occupancy rate is registered only for classrooms and computer laboratories, so it does not really reflect the real occupancy of a building, as it does not consider, for example, the occupancy of offices. For this reason, we did not considered these data in our study. Water consumption is also registered, but it is not relevant for this study, and thus it was not taken into account. The data used in this paper were collected from 2011 to 2015. The resulting data had to be preprocessed, since they presented various issues. First, some reads were missing. In most cases, a series of \(n\) missing reads were followed by the cumulative consumption over that interval. In this case, we computed the average consumption over \(n+1\) reads and used it for replacing the missing values. After this phase, we calculated the total electric energy consumption for each day, since we considered the daily consumption of the five selected buildings. However, if less than 4 h of reads were available for a day, it was discarded, as it was not considered representative. After this preprocessing phase, we obtained 16,512 reads per year, i.e., 172 days for each building, and a total of 412,800 reads for the five buildings over the years taken into consideration, i.e., 860 days. The data were then organized in a matrix, where rows stand for buildings and columns represent days. Notice that the month of August was not included in this study, since during that month the buildings of the campus remains closed, so there would be little meaning in considering it for this study. For the same reason, the Christmas period was also not considered. Some of the data used in this work are available at [29].