## 2 Materials and Methods
### Techno-Economic Model  
Maintenance cost, interest rates, and annual operating time were considered for the economic analysis. Given that each component in a process is anticipated to run during a specific timeframe, the capital cost rate expressed in \(\$/\)s is denoted by \(\dot{\mathrm{Z}}\) and can be found in Equation (8) [20]. \[\dot{\mathrm{Z}}=\frac{\mathrm{PEC}\phi\mathrm{CRF}}{3600\mathrm{N}} \tag{8}\] \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Cycle** & **Component** & **Equation** \\ \hline SRC & Steam turbine & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{t,SRC}}=\mathrm{n}_{\mathrm{SRC}}(\mathrm{h}_{3}- \mathrm{h}_{4})\) \\ Condenser & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{SRC}}(\mathrm{h}_{4}-\mathrm{h}_{1})=\mathrm{m}_{ \mathrm{CO2}}(\mathrm{h}_{7}-\mathrm{h}_{6})\) \\ Water pump & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{P,SRC}}=\mathrm{n}_{\mathrm{SRC}}(\mathrm{h}_{2}- \mathrm{h}_{1})\) \\ Evaporator & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{SRC}}(\mathrm{h}_{3}-\mathrm{h}_{2})=\mathrm{\epsilon }_{\mathrm{Hex}}\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{fg}}\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{P,fg}}(\mathrm{T }_{a}-\mathrm{T}_{b})\) \\ Turbine & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{t,CO2}}=\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{CO2}}(\mathrm{h}_{7}- \mathrm{h}_{8})\) \\ CO\({}_{2}\) & Condenser & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{CO2}}(\mathrm{h}_{8}-\mathrm{h}_{8})=\mathrm{m}_{ \mathrm{oxygen}}(\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{H}}-\mathrm{h}_{1})\) \\ Pump & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{p,CO2}}=\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{CO2}}(\mathrm{h}_{6}- \mathrm{h}_{5})\) \\ Turbine & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{t,ORC}}=\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{ORC}}(\mathrm{h}_{ 11}-\mathrm{h}_{12})\) \\ ORC & Condenser & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{ORC}}(\mathrm{h}_{12}-\mathrm{h}_{9})=\dot{\mathrm{m} }_{\mathrm{oxygen}}(\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{V}}-\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{H}})\) \\ Pump & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{p,ORC}}=\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{ORC}}(\mathrm{h}_{ 10}-\mathrm{h}_{9})\) \\ Evaporator & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{ORC}}(\mathrm{h}_{11}-\mathrm{h}_{10})=\mathrm{\epsilon }_{\mathrm{Hex}}\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{fg}}\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{P,fg}}(\mathrm{T }_{b}-\mathrm{T}_{c})\) \\ Turbine & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{t,Kalina}}=\mathrm{\dot{m}}_{18}(\mathrm{h}_{18}- \mathrm{h}_{19})\) \\ Condenser & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{23}(\mathrm{h}_{23}-\mathrm{h}_{13})=\mathrm{m}_{ \mathrm{oxygen}}(\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{H}}-\mathrm{h}_{1})\) \\ Pump & \(\dot{\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{p,Kalina}}=\mathrm{\dot{m}}_{13}(\mathrm{h}_{14}- \mathrm{h}_{13})\) \\ KC & Evaporator & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{17}(\mathrm{h}_{17}-\mathrm{h}_{16})=\mathrm{\epsilon }_{\mathrm{Hex}}\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{fg}}\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{P,fg}}(\mathrm{T}_{c}- \mathrm{T}_{d})\) \\ Mixer & \(\mathrm{m}_{19}\mathrm{h}_{19}+\mathrm{m}_{24}\mathrm{h}_{24}-\mathrm{m}_{22} \mathrm{h}_{22}\) \\ Expansion valve & \(\mathrm{h}_{21}=\mathrm{h}_{24}\) \\ LTR & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{14}\mathrm{h}_{14}+\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{22}\mathrm{h}_{22}= \mathrm{m}_{15}\mathrm{h}_{15}+\dot{m}_{23}\mathrm{h}_{23}\) \\ HTR & \(\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{15}\mathrm{h}_{15}+\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{20}\mathrm{h}_{20}= \mathrm{\dot{m}}_{16}\mathrm{h}_{16}+\dot{\mathrm{m}}_{21}\mathrm{h}_{21}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Energy balance equations [12]. Here, PEC, \(\phi\), CRF, and N are the purchased equipment cost, maintenance factor, the capital recovery factor, and the operation duration per year, respectively. The maintenance factor is considered as 1.12, and the CRF is given as in Equation (9) [21]:  
\[\text{CRF}=\frac{\text{i}\left(1+\text{i}\right)^{n}}{\left(1+\text{i}\right)^{ n}-1} \tag{9}\]  
Interest rate \(\left(\text{i}\right)\) and system life (n) were accepted as 10% and 30 years. Electricity product cost is calculated for each combined system in Equation (10) [10]. \[\dot{Z}_{\text{elec}}=\frac{\dot{Z}_{\text{k}}}{\dot{W}_{\text{net}}}3600 \tag{10}\]  
\(\dot{Z}_{\text{k}}\) indicates the total cost rate of systems. The subscript stands for the component number. HXs in all systems were modeled using the following Equation (11) [17].