# Adaptive Energy Management in 5G Network Slicing: Requirements, Architecture, and Strategies
## 3 Energy Management Proposal for 5G Network Slicing
### Requirements for the Energy Management in 5G Network Slicing
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Requirements** & **Related Technical** & **Proposed Solution** \\ \hline
**ID** & **Description** & **Documentation** & **Apprope energy management solution for 5G network slicing, in which \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{R1} & Energy management for network slices and corresponding services throughout all components of the 5G system, in which the service & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & Adaptive energy management solution for 5G network slicing, in which \\  & processing is aware of energy supply with the aim of optimizing the consumption at all times. & 3 GPP TS 28.310 & generation and consumption conditions. \\ \cline{2-3}  & Definition of priority order for services within a network slice in the case & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & Prioritization scheme at service level (intra-slice priority scheme) for the energy allocation process. In the proposed architecture, the MNO decides the access to the energy resource and the application of management strategies for each service. & \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 28.831 & the number of priority levels to implement and the assigned level to each \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 28.801 & service. The association of priority level can also be established through \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 28.804 & agreements with customers. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{R3} & Use of software-based platforms and virtualization to facilitate the creation & 3 GPP TS 23.501 & Use of NFV and SDN technologies, to bring agility, flexibility, and reconfigurability to the proposal. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 28.310 & Promotion and prioritization of the use of green energy, and implementation adaptive energy management strategies (see Section 3.2) to leverage its dynamic and intermittent generation. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 23.501 & Implementation of strategies for adaptive energy consumption on \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & network slices of services (see Section 3.2). In the proposed architecture, the customer is aware of the configuration of network slices and services (e.g., modification of execution time, the power demanded, or activation/deactivation state) performed by the MNO to optimize the energy consumption. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{R4} & Implementation of mechanisms to achieve energy efficiency through optimization of energy use and reduction in consumption (i.e., energy saving). These mechanisms must be executed by the MNO and must produce or minimal performance degradation for customers. Services & 3 GPP TS 23.501 & Promotion and prioritization of the use of green energy, and implementation adaptive energy management strategies (see Section 3.2) to leverage its dynamic and intermittent generation. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 23.501 & Implementation of strategies for adaptive energy consumption on \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & network slices of services (see Section 3.2). In the proposed architecture, the customer is aware of the configuration of network slices and services (e.g., modification of execution time, the power demanded, or activation/deactivation state) performed by the MNO to optimize the energy consumption. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & To offer an adaptive energy management solution that optimizes the use of energy resources and reduce consumption, the following management strategies for services are considered in the proposed management model: (i) degradation of service quality, which represents a decrease of consumption (i.e., low power consumption) (ii) protection or non-execution of services) (i.e., deactivation of service) and (iii) application of time shifting (forward or backward) in the service execution time. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{R5} & Definition of metrics or indicators to assess the energy efficiency achieved with the proposed energy management model. & 3 GPP TS 22.261 & Definition of three performance metrics: (i) percentage of services processed; (ii) percentage of energy used by services processed, and (iii) amount of missing energy to process all services.