# Development and Application of MAGIC-f Gel in Cancer Research and Medical Imaging
## 7 Discussion and Future Works
diameter 15 nm and concentration of 0.1 mM, when irradiated with 18 Mev photons beams of an Elekta LINAC accelerator, was measured experimentally; the same configuration is made in Monte Carlo code Geant4 and computed. The result of the study of the MAGIC-f gel tube embedded with GNPs characterized with a dose-enhancement factor of 1.12 \(\pm\) 0.08 and 1.13 \(\pm\) 0.04 from Geant4 and experimental measurement, respectively, shows that MAGIC-f gel can be a suitable dosimeter for three-dimensional dose distribution in high-energy radiotherapy procedures where GNPs are used [88]. Although this field rapidly growing, with several improvements in dosimetry using MAGIC-f gel, many aspects of its application still need to be addressed, including the problem associated with the most efficient way to read dose where imaging techniques have imaging artifacts. As discussed by [PERSON] [54], such artifacts are susceptible to interference artifacts in MRI, and streak and ring artifacts in CT. The susceptibility artifacts in MRI can most probably result from variations in the gel volume's conductivity whose image is captured, or by the presence of air having low density, and the interference artifacts due to the multiplanar imaging of adjacent planes [89]. Streak artifacts are caused by the blocking of lights beam by any structures, whereas ring artifacts are due to the refraction of light at interference between gel and other materials [52]. [PERSON] et al. discuss the technical consideration for using X-ray CT for dosimetric evaluation: the low signal-to-noise ratio that occurs because of the very small density differences present in the gel may cause artifacts [90]. Thus, mitigating the imaging artifacts while reading the dose from imaging techniques would be a current research interest in the field of dosimetry, using MAGIC-f gel. Although the MAGIC-f gel shows low dependence on varying dose rates and energy, several studies using other polymer gels show the dependence at a low-dose-rate therapy such as LDR brachytherapy [78; 91]. Hence, a detailed investigation of dependence at low dose rate and energy is required to validate the claim. Similarly, the dependence on the temperature during the MAGIC-f gel irradiation has not been investigated so far. The increase in temperature during irradiation may affect gel polymerization, which further leads to affect the dose measurement. Another area that has not been studied in detail so far is a simulation of low-density tissue, such as lungs, by making gel, which is equivalent to low-density tissue. However, small efforts have been made by [PERSON] et al. in regard to this subject [92]. Radiotherapy dosimetry needs to achieve a dosimetric uncertainty better current result, which is up to 5% [84]. Therefore, a detailed investigation to find a more critical approach is required to enhance the dosimetric uncertainty. Hence, the polymer gel dosimetry, which is now at a promising phase of use in various applications, needs more investigation, which will create more confidence in routine use in clinical applications.