## 4 Conclusions  
In order to assess comfort in enclosures with low temperature and radiation uniformity, the standard EN ISO14505/2 proposes the equivalent temperature method, which allows the furth use of complex measurement tools such as thermal manikins. In our opinion, the assessment of thermal environments with strong transient characteristics shall always be based on the measurement of the equivalent temperature, allowing both global and local estimations. The indoor environment might be evaluated in terms of local effects for different areas of the human body. The local equivalent temperature shows us to what extent the parts of the body are in the area of acceptability in terms of heat loss. The equivalent temperature is a quantity that takes both the exchange of heat by convection and that by radiation between the human body and the environment into account. However, being a heat balance-based method, it does not take the subjective sensations that are perceived by the occupant into account, but in practice, it has been observed that there is a close connection between the thermal sensation that is felt by the occupant and the equivalent temperature. Figure 22: \(t_{eq}\) distributions given by the thermal manikin data using various air flow rates in the climatic chamber using conditions described in [54]. Let us start by saying that \(t_{eq}\) measurement can be conducted with dedicated individual sensors for all of the intervening variables, e.g., thermal comfort meters with heated sensor, local discomfort meters, plane surface sensors, and thermal manikins. Of these, the usage of thermal manikins is considered the reference method with which other methods are compared. Significant differences were found in the values of equivalent temperatures arising from different methods in tests that were performed in uniform environments inside of a climatic chamber. These differences can be attributed to different characteristics of the measuring devices, such as size, geometry, posture, number and type of sensors, control method, etc. Nowadays, scientific research shows only rare solitary set-ups that are used to assess thermal comfort in vehicles that use the equivalent temperatures experimentally. These are either very expensive or are only suitable for punctual measurements. However, data acquisition at different locations in the interior space of a vehicle is highly desired, generating the need for cost-effective and accurate systems that are supposed to provide access to the local equivalent temperatures and further, especially if strong thermal gradients are present if the real ventilation systems are considered, to simulate the impact of heat exchange on the real occupants of buildings and vehicles as well. The purpose of this paper was to present a recently designed and created thermal manikin with 79 superficial zones with independent neuro-fuzzy temperature regulation in detail. Both the component parts of the manikin and the acceptance strategy for this powerful measurement instrument were discussed. Following papers will integrate with model with one of the respiratory systems that were developed in our laboratory in order to combine the interactions of the respiratory flows with the functioning of the thermal manikin. Conceptualization, I.N., I.U., D.D.I-G. and P.A.D. ; methodology, I.N., I.U., D.D.I-G., P.A.D. and C.V.C. ; software, I.U., D.D.I-G., A.T. and D.E. ; validation, I.U., D.D.I-G. and P.A.D. ; formal analysis, F.I.B. ; resources, I.N., I.U. and D.D.I-G.; data curation, P.A.D. ; writing--original draft preparation, P.A.D., I.N. and I.U., writing--review and editing, F.I.B., M.S., D.E. and C.V.C. ; funding acquisition, I.N. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.