# Resilience Assessment of Beijing Subway Lines under Extreme Precipitation Weather
## 5 Conclusions and Remarks  
Through FMEA analysis and the risk matrix method, this paper established the complete operation index of a subway system, and analyzed the important indicators that affect the normal operation of the system. The resilience values of these important indicators were evaluated to obtain the results of the line resilience of the rail transit system. This paper takes the Beijing Subway Changping Line as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Through the analysis of the failure data in the past five years, the important indicators affecting the operation of the Changping Line were obtained, and the resilience evaluation was carried out. For two days with extreme rainfall events in 2022, all five key indicators as well as the whole Changping Line were predicted to have high resilience levels. Only \"escalators, moving walks and barrier-free\" access had a slightly lower resilience score compared with the other four critical sub-systems. The evaluated resilience results agree with the true resilience scores on the same days. Our approach supports the emergency management of subway lines under extreme rainfall events. However, due to the lack of data, the method proposed in this article has not been verified on more lines and stations of the Beijing subway system. At the same time, because of the poor failure and extreme weather data, the accuracy of the Bayesian network training results is not high enough. On the basis of this research, the authors plan to combine the percolation theory with the Bayesian network model to evaluate the resilience of complex networks in the future. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Line** & **Key Indicator** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Resilience** \\ **Score** \\ \end{tabular} & **Weight** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Resilience** \\ **Level** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
**Changing Line** &
\begin{tabular}{c} Escalators, moving walks \\ and barrier-free access \\ \end{tabular} & 91.49 & 1/9 & High \\ \hline
**Changing Line** &
\begin{tabular}{c} Low-voltage power \\ distribution system \\ \end{tabular} & 100 & 2/9 & High \\ \hline
**Changing Line** &
\begin{tabular}{c} Traction power \\ supply system \\ \end{tabular} & 100 & 2/9 & High \\ \hline
**Changing Line** & Switch equipment & 100 & 2/9 & High \\ \hline
**Changing Line** & Vehicle connection system & 100 & 2/9 & High \\ \hline
**Changing Line** & Weighted average & 99.05 & & High \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Resilience assessment of the Changping Line under a new rainstorm event (28 July 2022). **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, Y.W. and J.L. ([PERSON]); methodology, J.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.D. ; software, Y.D. and D.Z. ; validation, Y.W., Y.N. and F.D. ; formal analysis, J.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.D. ; investigation, Y.W. and F.D. ; resources, F.D. ; data curation, Y.N. ; writing--original draft preparation, J.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.D. ; writing--review and editing, D.Z. and J.L. ([PERSON]); visualization, J.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.D. ; supervision, [PERSON] ([PERSON]); project administration, Y.W., D.Z. and J.L. ([PERSON]); funding acquisition, Y.W. and D.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research was funded by The National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number 72171009; National Key Technology Research, Development Program of China grant number 2020 YFB160070X; Beijing Nova Program grant number Z211100002121098; Beijing Subway Scientific Research Project grant number 2022000581000003. **Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable. **Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable. **Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to the data comes from the operation process of Beijing subway and cannot be obtained from outside. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.