# Design of a Cultural Heritage Gesture-Based Puzzle Game and Evaluation of User Experience
## 3. Haptic Puzzle Game  
### Design  
According to the classification of [32], the Haptic Puzzle was an assembly-type puzzle in which users assembled a set of parts of the traditional Cretan lute into the whole instrument. The selection of a puzzle-type game is suitable for deployment in a museum, as puzzle games have simple game mechanics [11] that are independent of the game's content and underlying technology [3], thus users do not need familiarization time to learn how to play the game. Nevertheless, puzzle games stimulate users' creativity, as they foster problem-solving, analytical, and memory skills [33]. The Haptic Puzzle was a gesture-based game; it utilized hand gesture recognition technology that allowed users to interact with the game's elements with their bare hands without handling a controller. The utilization of gesture recognition technology increased the intuitiveness and naturalness of the interaction, improved the efficacy of the Haptic Puzzle, and was expected to improve the usability of the game [34]. The design of the Haptic Puzzle was based on the conceptual model for the design of puzzle-based games (puzzle games model) proposed in [3]. The remainder of this section explores the design of the Haptic Puzzle, presenting the most important elements of the puzzle game model and how they were realized in the design of the Haptic Puzzle. The elements of the model were analyzed from gaming, learning, and instructional perspectives. The gaming perspective embraced the activities performed by the user as a gamer, the learning perspective contained the activities performed by the user as a learner, and the instructional perspective included the instructions provided with the game in order to provide help, guidance, and feedback to the user. * Location: The context in which the Haptic Puzzle was deployed was the Cretan Ethnology Museum in Heraklion, on the Greek island of Crete. The game activities took place indoors on the platform of the HapticSOUND system, which contains a single-user interface. One user was allowed to engage with the game at a time, and the presence of an instructor, curator, or museum staff was optional. * Objectives: The gaming objective of the Haptic Puzzle was for the user to assemble the traditional Cretan lute. The learning objective of Haptic Puzzle was to make users identify the parts of the lute and to reflect on the lute's structural model. However, the primary learning objective of the Haptic Puzzle was attitude based: it aimed to provide a motive for the users to act and engage in a creative activity while experiencing pleasant feelings and enjoyment. Thus, the Haptic Puzzle was expected to foster a positive attitude of the users towards CEM and museums in general. For this reason, the design of the Haptic Puzzle particularly focused on the UX aspect of the game and especially on its attractiveness and usability. * Activities: The Haptic Puzzle user performed the gaming activity of moving and pairing 3D parts of the lute to align them and properly combine them to assemble the traditional Cretan lute. From the learning perspective, users reflected on the lute demonstrated in the CEM's collection to visualize it, identify the parts of the lute among parts of other musical instruments (e.g., the traditional Cretan lyra and the violin), combine the lute parts in the appropriate manner and order, receive feedback, and verify that they remembered and comprehended the structural model of the lute. * Story and levels: As only a single user can use the HapticSOUND system at a time, the Haptic Puzzle was constrained to be brief with an easy to follow narrative. The user assumed the role of a CEM curator who is a manufacturer of musical instruments and is responsible for reassembling a traditional Cretan lute that has been disassembled into pieces. The story contained three different difficulty levels (i.e., novice, moderate, and professional), which all shared the same gaming objective and activities (i.e., the reassembling of the lute), but with different conditions.