# Oceania's 5G Multi-Tier Fixed Wireless Access Link's Long-Term Resilience and Feasibility Analysis
## 3 5G Base Coverage Network Layout
### Resilient Communication Is Made Possible for the Linked Intelligent Edge by 5G  
The number of connected smart devices keeps growing and diversifying as 5G drives the creation of the connected intelligent edge and speeds up the cloud economy [73]. The attack surface of end-to-end systems grows even as that expansion propels digital transformation across a wide range of businesses. We therefore require a flexible and reliable platform that can deliver security and privacy at scale across numerous deployments and use cases. One such platform is 5G with a connected intelligent edge [74]. While 5G currently satisfies the high standards of today, we anticipate that 5G advanced will introduce new levels of data safety for a rising number of connected devices and services throughout the course of this decade [75]. The initial 5G concept included support for a strong and secure system in addition to a wide range of devices, services, and deployment scenarios [76]. A wide range of security improvements were added with 5G, building on the established LTE security framework and implementation expertise. The user-plane integrity protection upgraded and flexible authentication procedures, slice-specific authentication and authorization, and service-based interface security were among the key features. All of these sought to provide a system architecture with an end-to-end security strategy. These features also provide a flexible framework that enables the protection of various deployments outside of mobile broadband, such as sidelink, vehicle-to-everything (V2X), multi-access edge computing, mobile broadcast, private networks, IoT, and more [77]. Furthermore, these features were designed in alignment with functional enhancements developed for various verticals. The 5G network is built to adhere to zero-trust cybersecurity principles [78]. The foundation of a zero-trust security model is the idea that no user or network function can be relied upon. Every time someone attempts to access system resources, whether they are located inside or outside of the network, verification is required. By implementing strong authentication and granular permission, this approach shifts the emphasis away from network perimeter security and toward limiting access by internal and external users and software components. Instead of emphasizing network segment security, it focuses on securing resources, including data, computer resources, applications, and services. With fine-grained service authentication and authorization, the core network's service-based architecture (SBA), introduced with 5G, enables zero-trust security. Figure 15 shows 5G communication's long-term resiliency. Additional end-to-end security features include  
* Mutual identification and approval;
* Integrity verification and encryption in the user and signaling planes;
* Encryption using the Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI);
* Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)-encrypted radio communications with the core network;
* Interconnection for secure roaming using a Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP). It will be necessary to disaggregate and distribute cloud computing throughout the connected intelligent edge, closer to the user, to effectively handle the rising demand for data and 5G services. Likewise, projects like the open RAN (O-RAN) have changed the topologies of mobile network designs to include disaggregation and virtualization for scalability, efficiency, and performance [79]. From a security standpoint, the disaggregated RAN architecture outlined in O-RAN offers numerous advantages, including increased security agility, adaptability, and resiliency. Cellular system security will be strengthenedin several ways, including interface and software security and the adoption of zero-trust security, thanks to the transparency offered by O-RAN, among other qualities. A 5G system that is resilient is consistently available, dependable, operates as expected, and bounces back rapidly from attacks or disruptions.