# Toward Addressing Location Privacy Issues: New Affiliations with Social and Location Attributes
## 3 Results  
In this systematic review, we have included 36 papers in an attempt to focus on the papers that covered users' geospatial and social characteristics and at the same time identify location privacy issues. For the purposes of our study, it was important to proceed with a categorization of the papers that to the best of our knowledge have already discussed geolocation and social identity issues. That was our primary goal when organizing the respective subsections, namely geosocial networks; users' identity through geolocation information; identifying users' identity--location privacy concerns and identifying users' identity--threats; attributes of geolocation information and digital identities; location privacy issues through geolocation information, and digital identities attributes. More specifically, the papers have been divided into the following six categories: namely, papers that refer to geosocial networks, papers discussing the representation of user's identity in geosocial networks through geolocation information, papers that examine users' concerns and privacy issues, and papers focusing on threats that may arise due to the information leak of a user's location. After that, we also focus on matching attributes of geolocation information to attributes of social identity, and we discuss the location privacy issues that arise due to geolocation information or digital identities attributes disclosure.  
In particular, this categorization of the papers reflects the rationale of our study. First and foremost, it was important to gain a better understanding of geosocial networks, which is considered to be a milestone in deepening our study. That is because building upon the way that users tend to use social media and at the same time represent themselves while online may raise questions about their online representation, which apart from social characteristics, utilizes geospatial descriptions. On the second category we focus on geospatial landmarks that frequently aim to add social characteristics to users profiles, i.e., social media users may state the name of their institution not only to describe their place in the world but rather represent themselves as members of academia or alumni of a higher institution in order to offer their online representations an educational status [12]. Deepering our understanding  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Location Privacy** & **Social Identity** \\ \hline GPS & Global Positioning System \\ MSN & Mobile Social Network \\ LBS & Location-Based Service \\ LBA & Location-Based Application \\ LSA & Location-Sharing Applications \\ PIR & Private Information Retrieval \\ LPPM & location privacy preservation mechanism \\ OSNs & Online Social Networks \\ mOSNs & mobile Online Social Networks \\ GeoSNs & Geo-Social Networks \\ LBSNs & Location-Based Social Networking services \\ LBRTD & Location-Based Real-Time Dating app \\ PETs & Privacy Enhancing Technologies \\ TPLBSP & Third Party Location-Based Service Provider \\ SI & Social Identity \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Summary of Important Abbreviations Used in the Reviewed Papers.  
of geosocial networks and how users represent themselves online, we move to the third category, as we cannot disregard users' privacy concerns. It is worth mentioning that although users seem to express their concerns about potential information leaks and malicious users, they do not hesitate to use geosocial networks or geotag themselves [6; 7]. That incompatibility, which has already caught our attention in the introduction, motivates us to shed light upon the fourth category of papers in our study, which aims to identify possible threats (malware or private profit) that could harm users' online activity. The fifth category of papers matches geolocation attributes to attributes of social identity, while the sixth category discusses location privacy issues, which should be discussed due to the leaks related to geolocation information or digital identities attributes.