## 1 Introduction  
Yttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide (YSZ) coatings have attracted considerable attention due to a combination of unique physicochemical properties, including a high melting point (2700 \({}^{\circ}\)C), low thermal conductivity (1.1 \(W\)/mK at 1200 \({}^{\circ}\)C), high coefficient of thermal expansion (11 \(\times\) 10\({}^{-6}\)-13 \(\times\) 10\({}^{-6}\) \({}^{\circ}\)C), as well as high hardness and strength [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. These characteristics make YSZ particularly effective under high-temperature and aggressive environments. Due to these properties, YSZ-based coatings are widely used as thermal barrier coatings for aircraft and gas turbine engine turbine blades, solid oxide fuel cell components, oxygen sensors, catalyst carriers, and other functional elements [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. In recent years, YSZ has also been considered as a promising wear-resistant material for operation under intense friction, which is especially important for the aviation, space, power, and mechanical engineering industries [13, 14, 15, 16, 17]. The most efficient operation of such coatings is demonstrated by a multilayer structure including a metal sublayer, usually based on the NiCrAlY alloy [18, 19, 20]. This intermediate layer provides chemical and thermal stability, improves adhesion between the substrate and ceramics, and protects the base from oxidation under thermal cycling loads. Currently, the main methods for producing a YSZ/NiCrAlY system coating are atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) [21; 22; 23; 24], electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) [5; 25; 26; 27], and high-velocity air fuel spraying (HVAF) [28; 29; 30]. Each of these technologies forms coatings with different microstructures and performance characteristics. Thus, APS forms a relatively porous, lamellar structure with microcracks. This allows the coating to better withstand temperature changes without destruction. Coatings obtained using the EB-PVD method have a directional columnar structure with low porosity, which ensures high thermal stability. In recent years, the detonation spraying (DS) method has also been used to produce coatings that feature high density, good adhesion, and increased wear resistance due to the high kinetic energy of the sprayed particles [23; 31]. The technology is based on the cyclic explosions of a combustible mixture in a detonation chamber, where a shock wave and a high-speed flow of combustion products are formed. A powder material is introduced into this flow, the particles of which are accelerated to supersonic speeds, partially heated, and then deposited on the substrate, forming a dense and strongly bonded coating [32; 33; 34; 35]. Studies show that coatings obtained using detonation spraying (DS) are characterized by improved mechanical properties, high hardness and density, low porosity, and excellent adhesion to the substrate [36; 37]. However, despite the known advantages of YSZ/NiCrAlY coatings, their durability depends to a large extent on tribological properties at elevated temperatures. Under thermal operation conditions, the coatings are subject to abrasive and oxidative wear, which can lead to the destruction of the structure and a decrease in protective properties. The tribological properties of YSZ/NiCrAlY coatings obtained using APS, EB-PVD, and other traditional technologies are actively studied. For example, in [7], APS coatings are studied, where the friction coefficient decreased from 0.68 to 0.39 due to the formation of a thin protective film on the wear surface. However, the tribological properties of YSZ/NiCrAlY coatings obtained by detonation spraying, especially under high-temperature friction conditions, remain virtually unstudied. Meanwhile, the wear resistance of such coatings plays a decisive role in their application, especially under friction, abrasive action, and thermal cycling loads.