## 3 Results
### Changes in Wind Loads after Installing a Glass Canopy over the Courtyard  
After enclosing the glass canopy over the courtyard of the ancestral hall and comparing the wind pressure distribution maps before and after (Figure 12), the following results can be observed:  
At a wind direction angle of 0\({}^{\circ}\), the maximum positive and negative pressure values on the roof of the ancestral hall have decreased, particularly noticeable on the roofs of the front and rear courtyard corridors and the rear hall. At a wind direction angle of 45\({}^{\circ}\), the most significant change in wind load occurs on the roof of the central hall of the ancestral hall, where both the magnitude and extent of negative pressure increase, posing challenges to roof wind protection. At a wind direction angle of 90\({}^{\circ}\), changes in wind pressure on the roofs of various sections of the ancestral hall are minimal. However, there is an increase  
Figure 12: Distribution of surface wind pressure on the building after installing a glass canopy over the courtyard. **(a)** Wind angle of 0\({}^{\circ}\); **(b)** Wind angle of 45\({}^{\circ}\); **(c)** Wind angle of 90\({}^{\circ}\).  
in negative pressure on the roofs of the corridors flanking the courtyard, with the glass canopy experiencing negative pressure.  
After enclosing the glass canopy over the courtyard of the ancestral hall, an increase in negative pressure can be observed on the roof of the central hall under specific wind directions. This results in unfavorable negative pressure areas on the eaves, corridor roofs, and other sections, contributing to potential roof damage in the ancestral hall.  
Summarizing and Comparing the Wind Pressure Distribution at Roof Control Points for Different Sets of Facade Enclosures  
Along the central axis of the ancestral hall building, a series of control points labeled A to O were established on the roof to extract simulated wind pressure values, as depicted in Figure 13. This figure summarizes and compares the wind pressure distribution characteristics on the roof of the temple building under different wind directions and facade enclosure configurations.  
At a wind angle of 0\({}^{\circ}\), methods such as enclosing courtyards with glass curtain walls and installing a glass canopy significantly increased the wind pressure on the windward side of the roof, while effectively reducing extreme positive and negative pressures on the leeward side. At a wind angle of 45\({}^{\circ}\), both renovation methods had minimal impact on the distribution of wind pressure on the roof, with no amplification of negative pressure extremes observed. At a wind angle of 90\({}^{\circ}\), enclosing courtyards with glass curtain walls significantly reduced extreme negative pressures on the roof, thereby enhancing its wind resistance performance. However, installing a glass canopy amplified negative pressure extremes at the building's eaves.  
Numerical simulation analysis data reveal significant changes in the internal pressure of the open halls of the ancestral hall under different wind directions, primarily negative pressure. These pressures, when combined with external forces, can easily lead to damage to roof eaves, ridges, etc. Enclosing the courtyard of the ancestral hall with glass curtain walls caused the most notable change in the wind load on the originally open roof of the central hall, effectively reducing upward suction forces and benefiting wind protection. Conversely, enclosing the courtyard with a glass canopy may increase unfavorable negative pressure areas on eaves, corridor roofs, etc., potentially leading to roof damage.  
Figure 13: The wind pressure distribution at roof control points for different sets of facade enclosures.