## 1 Introduction  
The limited availability of _Erryingium planning_ L., _Lychnis flos-cuculi_ L., and _Kickxia elatine_ (L) Dumor from natural habitats poses a significant challenge to their sustainable use. Overharvesting, habitat destruction, and environmental changes threaten wild populations, making alternative production methods necessary. Plant cell cultures offer an efficient and sustainable solution, ensuring a stable supply of bioactive compounds without depleting natural resources. Unlike wild-harvested plants, cell cultures provide a continuous and reliable source of secondary metabolites, independent of seasonal and environmental fluctuations. Natural plant material often varies in chemical composition due to environmental influences. In vitro cultures offer consistent phytochemical profiles, ensuring reproducibility. Cultivation in controlled laboratory conditions prevents overexploitation of endangered species and helps conserve biodiversity. Specific conditions in in vitro cultures can be optimized to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in these species. Moreover, the absence of environmental pollutants and microbial contamination improves the quality and safety of the obtained extracts. Plant cell cultures have a shorter production cycle compared to traditional cultivation, allowing rapid biomass accumulation. Moreover, suspension cultures can be scaled up in bioreactors, enabling large-scale industrial production of medicinal compounds [1, 2, 3, 4]. The plant species _Erryingium planning_, _Lychnis flos-cuculi_, and _Kickxia elatine_ are rich sources of bioactive compounds. Their diverse phytochemical profiles contribute to a wide range of pharmacological activities. The presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids enhances the ability to scavenge free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and potentially preventing degenerative diseases. All three species have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting key mediators involved in inflammatory pathways, supporting their traditional use in wound healing [5, 6, 7]. _E. planum_ and _L. flos-cuculi_ exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activity, suggesting potential applications in infection management [8, 9, 10]. The phytochemical complexity and pharmacological potential of these species make them promising candidates for further research in drug development. Their diverse bioactive compounds support their traditional medicinal uses and provide a basis for modern therapeutic applications. _Erryingium planning_ L. (flat-sea ervingo, from the Apiaceae family) is known for its complex chemical composition, including triterpen saponins, flavonoids (quercetin and kaempfer derivatives), coumarins, polyacetylenes, phenolic acids, essential oil, and phytosterols (mostly sesquiterpene and monoterrene hydrocarbons) [11, 12]. Among its bioactive compounds, barrigenol-type triterpen saponins have been identified, exhibiting strong cytotoxic activity [11]. Phenolic acids such as rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and caffe acid contribute to its antioxidant properties [13, 14]. Pharmacologically, extracts from _E. planum_ demonstrate anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects [5, 6, 9, 12]. Furthermore, the plant has been traditionally used for wound healing and respiratory conditions [11]. _Lychnis flos-cuculi_ L. (ragged robin, from the Caryophyllaceae family) is rich in phytoedysterosids, flavonoids (\(C\)-glycosyl and \(O\)-glycosyl derivatives), saponins, and phenolic acids (benzoic and _trans_-cinamic acid derivatives) [15, 16]. Phytoedysterosids, particularly those structurally related to ecodystore, have been associated with adaptogenic and anti-stress effects. The plant also contains quillaic acid and gy myogenic acid derivatives, known for their biological activity [8]. The pharmacological effects of _L. flos-cuculi_ include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities [8, 16, 17]. The presence of caffe acid and flavonoids enhances its anti-inflammatory properties, supporting traditional uses in wound healing [18].