# The Effect of Different Socket Types on Implant Therapy While Using Flapless Ridge Preservation
## 3 Results
### Mandibular Implants
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Socket Classification**} \\ \cline{3-6}  & & **I** & **II** & **III** & **IV** & \(p\)**-Value** \\  & & **(_n = 6_)** & **(_n = 16_)** & **(_n = 28_)** & **(_n = 3_)** & \\ \hline Implant site & UM & 1 (16.7\%) & 4 (25.0\%) & 14 (50.0\%) & 2 (66.7\%) & 0.191 \\  & Non-UM & 5 (83.3\%) & 12 (75.0\%) & 14 (50.0\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\ Extraction aetiology & Periodontitis & 1 (16.7\%) & 5 (31.3\%) & 23 (82.1\%) \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 2 (66.7\%) & \textless{}0.001 \({}^{\ast}\) \\  & Non-periodontitis & 5 (83.3\%) & 11 (68.8\%) & 5 (17.9\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\ Materials and methods & A & 4 (66.7\%) & 13 (81.3\%) & 25 (89.3\%) & 0 & 0.008 \({}^{\ast}\) \\  & B1 & 0 & 1 (6.3\%) & 2 (7.1\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & B2 & 2 (33.3\%) & 2 (12.5\%) & 1 (3.6\%) & 2 (66.7\%) \({}^{\ddagger}\) & \\  & D1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0.247 \\ Bone density & D2-D3 & 2 (33.3\%) & 2 (12.5\%) & 3 (10.7\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & D4 & 4 (66.7\%) & 14 (87.5\%) & 25 (89.3\%) & 2 (66.7\%) & \\ Bone re-grafting & Yes & 4 (66.7\%) & 10 (62.5\%) & 18 (64.3\%) & 3 (100.0\%) & 0.786 \\  & No & 2 (33.3\%) & 6 (37.5\%) & 10 (35.7\%) & 0 & 0 \\  & \textless{}20 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 1 (16.7\%) & 3 (18.8\%) & 6 (21.4\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & 0.965 \\ Primary stability & 20-35 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 3 (50.0\%) & 5 (31.3\%) & 8 (28.6\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & \textgreater{}35 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 2 (33.3\%) & 8 (50.0\%) & 14 (50.0\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & Success & 6 (100.0\%) & 16 (100.0\%) & 27 (96.4\%) & 3 (100.0\%) & \textgreater{}0.999 \\ Implant survival & Late failure & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & \\  & Early failure & 0 & 0 & 1 (3.6\%) & 0 & \\ Period from extraction to stage I surgery & 3.3 (2.8, 4.0) & 3.6 (2.8, 4.1) & 4.1 (3.6, 5.8) & 3.2 (3.2, 6.0) & 0.085 \\  & \textless{}20 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 1 (16.7\%) & 3 (18.8\%) & 6 (21.4\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & 0.965 \\ Primary stability & 20-35 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 3 (50.0\%) & 5 (31.3\%) & 8 (28.6\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & \textgreater{}35 N/\textbackslash{}cm & 2 (33.3\%) & 8 (50.0\%) & 14 (50.0\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & \\  & Success & 6 (100.0\%) & 16 (100.0\%) & 27 (96.4\%) & 3 (100.0\%) & \textgreater{}0.999 \\ Implant survival & Late failure & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & \\  & Early failure & 0 & 0 & 1 (3.6\%) & 0 & \\  & Period from extraction to stage I surgery & 3.3 (2.8, 4.0) & 3.6 (2.8, 4.1) & 4.1 (3.6, 5.8) & 3.2 (3.2, 6.0) & 0.085 \\  & & & & & & \\ Period from stage I surgery to final prosthesis & 11.7 & 12.4 & 14.0 & 9.4 & \\  & placement (months) & (9.7, 14.2) & (10.8, 14.3) & (11.0, 16.6) & (8.2, 10.8) & 0.057 \\ Total treatment time between extraction and & 15.1 & 15.9 & 19.0 & 14.0 & \\  & final prosthesis placement (months) & (13.6, 16.0) & (14.8, 17.8) \({}^{\lx@sectionsign}\) & (15.1, 21.5) \({}^{\lx@sectionsign}\) & (12.5, 14.2) & 0.004 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{\ast}\) Indicates \(p\) \(<\) 0.05 and a significant difference is observed among the four-socket classes I-IV. \({}^{\ddagger}\) For materials and methods, the proportion of B2 in Class IV is significantly higher than that of B2 in Class III (\(p\) \(<\) 0.001). \({}^{\ddagger}\) For extraction aetiology, the proportion of periodontitis in Class III is significantly higher than that in Class I and II (both \(p\) = 0.001). \({}^{\lx@sectionsign}\) The total treatment time for those with Class II and III is significantly longer than that for those with Class IV (\(p\) = 0.008 and 0.007). UM, upper molar.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Association of socket classification and implant site development for maxillary implants with gapless ridge preservation.