## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Scale/percent** & \begin{tabular}{c} **5 Extremely** \\ **motivated 4.8\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **4 Very motivated** \\ **36.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **3 Medium** \\ **motivated 38.8\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **2 Less motivated** \\ **17\%** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **1 Totally** \\ **unmotivated 2.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-6}
**F3.1.** & **Indicator** & **Mean** & **Dif.** & **F(1.143)** & **Sig.** & \(\mathbf{n}^{2}_{\mathbf{p}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Boys** & 3089 & \(-0.295\) & 3.814 & 0.053 & 0.026 \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Girls** & 3384 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Urban** & 3332 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Rural** & 3141 & 0.191 & 1.595 & 0.209 & 0.011 \\ \hline  & **Scale/percent** & \begin{tabular}{c} **5 Very involved** \\ **6.8\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **4 Actively** \\ **involved 42.2\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **3 Medium** \\ **involved 34.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **2 Weakly** \\ **involved 15.6\%** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **1 Not involved** \\ **0.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-6}
**F3.2.** & **Indicator** & **Mean** & **Dif.** & **F(1.143)** & **Sig.** & \(\mathbf{n}^{2}_{\mathbf{p}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Boys** & 3280 & \(-0.197\) & \(1.804\) & 0.181 & 0.012 \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Girls** & 3477 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Urban** & 3476 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Rural** & 3281 & 0.195 & 1.760 & 0.187 & 0.012 \\ \hline  & **Scale/percent** & \begin{tabular}{c} **5 Very interested** \\ **11.6\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **4 Interested** \\ **56.5\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **3 Partially** \\ **interested 24.5\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **2 Little interest** \\ **6.1\%** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **1 Totally not** \\ **interested 1.4\%** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-6}
**F3.3.** & **Indicator** & **Mean** & **Dif.** & **F(1.143)** & **Sig.** & \(\mathbf{n}^{2}_{\mathbf{p}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Boys** & 3545 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6} at courses and & **Girls** & 3922 & \(-0.377\)\({}^{*}\) & 7.701 & 0.006 & 0.051 \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Urban** & 3742 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Rural** & 3725 & & & & \\ \hline  & **Scale/percent** & \begin{tabular}{c} **5 A lot of free** \\ **time 12.9\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **4 More free time** \\ **46.9\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **3 The same free** \\ **time 32.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **2 Less free time** \\ **6.1\%** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **1 Very little free** \\ **time 1.4\%** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-6}
**F3.4.** & **Indicator** & **Mean** & **Dif.** & **F(1.143)** & **Sig.** & \(\mathbf{n}^{2}_{\mathbf{p}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Boys** & 3450 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6} compared to the & **Girls** & 3798 & \(-0.348\)\({}^{*}\) & 6.124 & 0.015 & 0.041 \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Urban** & 3771 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Rural** & 3477 & & & & \\ \hline  & **Scale/percent** & \begin{tabular}{c} **5 For all** \\ **disciplines 32.7\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **4 Most** \\ **disciplines 35.1\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **3 Half the** \\ **disciplines 4.8\%** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **2 Few disciplines** \\ **5.4\%** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **1 None of the** \\ **disciplines 2\%** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-6}
**F3.5.** & **Indicator** & **Mean** & **Dif.** & **F(1.143)** & **Sig.** & \(\mathbf{n}^{2}_{\mathbf{p}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Boys** & 4055 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6} teaching materials for & **Urban** & 4091 & & & & \\ \cline{2-6} learning & **Rural** & 4173 & \(-0.083\) & \(0.295\) & 0.588 & 0.002 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
*—the mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.  
\end{table} 
Table 9: Tests of between-subjects effects—the cumulative effect of gender variables * area variables on F4 factor items/efficiency.