# Oceania's 5G Multi-Tier Fixed Wireless Access Link's Long-Term Resilience and Feasibility Analysis
## 3 5G Base Coverage Network Layout
### Challenges for 5G Network Implementation in Oceania  
The next major step in the industrial revolution is the deployment of 5G, which must be completed correctly. High data speeds, low latency, and other promises made by the  
Figure 14: The BER for the SISO, MISO, SIMO, and MIMO communication systems utilizing BPSK modulation: (**a**) BER for SISO and MIMO communication systems with LOS setups using BPSK modulation; (**b**) the slope of the BER curve for the MIMO system is likewise steeper. The term “diversity gain” is frequently used to describe the gain reflected by the slope change; (**c**) the BER for a channel with fading of 1000 frames and 100,000 bits/frame; (**d**) system capacity comparison of the two power distribution systems.  
5G network can help communication service providers (CSPs) and businesses boost their revenue significantly because of the superior 5G services. Swift deployment of 5G for end users is the objective of telecom carriers. However, CSPs face several obstacles in the fast adoption of 5G technology [65].  
After 5G technology adoption is carried out on a large scale, brand-new use cases will emerge. High-frequency bands will become more in demand as a result. The CSPs are compelled to create a compelling economic use case since spectrum is a crucial resource due to its cost and availability. The telecom operators must decide on the frequency bands and modify their 5G network and features accordingly because these spectra must be obtained from governments at auction. As a result, providing top-notch 5G services with a constrained spectrum may result in greater operational costs.  
First and foremost, CSPs need to have a well-defined plan for implementing 5G network slicing and other arrangements. Second, after settling on a strategy, how they approach deployment will determine how the deployment process turns out. To finally target specific 5G use cases, CSPs will create their deployment model and approach based on the spectrum networks they have purchased. The widespread use of mm-Wave frequencies and 5G small-cell towers, which call for a new deployment strategy and compliance with regulations, are further obstacles to the installation of 5G networks.  
Additionally, 5G transmits and receives data across several frequencies. For ultra-low-latency connections over short distances and dependable long-distance communication, numerous bands are essential. To ensure that data are transmitted along the most effective route, 5G uses high, medium, and low bands [66].  
For instance, IoT sensors on the factory floor will use the high band for optimum performance, while 5G signals that can travel dozens of miles will use the low band. By using these bands, 5G signals may not only travel farther distances but also pass through materials like glass, sheet metal, and concrete.  
In theory, 5G coverage should be superior to 4G coverage in LOS scenarios due to 5G beamforming, and near- and far-field SINR should be comparable to or better than 4G. According to the measured statistics, the Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) of the 5G network is better than the RSRP of the 4G network in most of the sample scenarios under the same circumstances. The measured SINR value is consistent with the expected theoretical analysis and can demonstrate the advantages of 5G beamforming. Moreover, in the case of light blockage, 5G should match LOS better than 4G; in the case of heavy siege, both 4G and 5G networks will suffer from significant attenuation, and 5G penetration and coverage will be lower than that of 4G networks [67].