## 4 Results
### Multi-Temporal InSAR Results
#### 4.1.2 Time Series  
Three measurement points are selected from different areas of the city that are exposed to different deformation rates. The points are selected as close as possible to the photo locations that were taken during the field study. The locations of the selected points are displayed in Figure 4c,d. The point P1 is selected from the southern part of the town at a location where the most severe subsidence is observed. P2 and P3 points are selected from two different regions that show different subsidence rates. The point P2 is located in the western part of the city, and the point P3 is located in the eastern part of the city where relatively low deformation rates are observed. Figure 6a-f show ascending and descending LOS time-series at all selected points, respectively. The mean of all points on a radius of 100 m is calculated as a LOS displacement. The original displacement values are shown together with the linear fit result.  
In the long term, both datasets indicate secular movements away from the sensor at all points, which is an indication of subsidence. While observed cumulative displacement at P1 in ascending LOS is approximately 8 cm, it is about 12 cm in the descending dataset. The difference of cumulative measured displacement in LOS between the ascending and descending datasets can be explained with the existence of horizontal movements in that region as shown in Figure 5b. LOS cumulative displacements at P2 decrease to about 7 cm for both datasets. P3 is a relatively more stable point that shows about 2 cm of LOS cumulative displacement in both datasets. Similar displacement values and patterns at P1 and P2 are indicative of pure vertical deformation. Additionally, short-term oscillations are observed in all selected points. As the general deformation trend decreases, the amount of oscillation decreases from P1 to P3. Effects of seasonal variations on oscillation will be analyzed in details in the following subsections.  
Figure 5: Decomposition of LOS velocities into vertical and horizontal (E-W) components. Dashed red-white lines show possible extension of the Bolvadin fault (solid red line). Deformation rates over profiles AA’ to DD’ are shown in Figure 8. (**a**) Vertical mean deformation velocity. Warm colors (negative values) represent subsidence. (**b**) Horizontal E-W mean deformation velocity. Warm colors (negative values) represent movements towards west direction and cold colors (positive values) towards east.  
In order to illustrate how the rate of deformation changes between two different regions during the analysis period, all displacement time series along the profile line between the points P2 and P3 are combined. For the sake of simplicity, only the linear approximations of LOS displacements are shown in Figure 6c,d for ascending and descending datasets. Obviously, all measurement points over the P2-P3 line are exposed to subsidence. However, there has been an increase in subsidence over the years from point P3 to P2. While about 2 cm of cumulative displacement is observed at the point P3, there is approximately 7 cm of subsidence at the point P2 in LOS direction. Cumulative displacement values in LOS correlate with ascending and descending dataset since negligible horizontal E-W movement is observed in the region.