## 3 Proposed Architecture  
In this section, we propose an architecture for implementing the internet of things (IoT) enabled water management and water quality of water tanks. The proposed system includes two different components for monitoring the level of water in the lower tank and upper tank and also monitoring the quality of the water in the upper tank. The two components are the lower tank monitoring unit and the upper tank monitoring unit are shown in Figure 1. Generally, these components communicate through 2.4 GHz RF communication. The main function of the upper tank monitoring unit is to check the level of the water in the tank. In case if the amount of the water is less than the threshold level then it sends a request to the lower tank monitoring unit. Here the lower tank monitoring unit also checks the level of the water in the tank. If the water level is more than the threshold level in the lower tank, then it triggers the water pump of the lower tank to fill the upper tank. Moreover, the upper tank monitoring unit is integrated with a pH sensor to check the quality of water. All the information related to both the lower tank and upper tank is logged in the cloud server through the internet connectivity that is activated by the Wi-Fi module in the upper tank. The house owner can access, monitor, and control the activities of both water tanks through the cloud-based mobile app. Moreover, the flow sensor integrated with the upper tank assists the house owner regarding the amount of water is consumed. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Reference** & **Findings** & **Conclusion** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{[5]} & Radio Frequency (RF), Global System for Mobile & \\  & Communications (GSM), Graphical & \\  & User Interface (GUI), Ultra High Frequency (UHF), & \\  & General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{[7]} & \multirow{3}{*}{Water level detection system with wireless} & The ping sensor is used as a distance sensor for detecting water levels by measuring the distance between the sensor and water surfaces. \\  & & and water surfaces. \\ \hline
[18] & Water level monitoring using pH sensors and FSR & Water Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network \\ \hline
[19] & Level control using fuzzy logic & Water management system with remote access having intelligence. \\ \hline
[29] & Automation of Water Management System Using & Water Management, LabVIEW, Automation \\  & LabVIEW & \\ \hline
[30] & Water level; water pump; water conductivity monitoring & \\  & using microcontroller and GSM modem & \\ \hline
[31] & Water filter system bacterial contamination drinking water & Determine the microbiological quality of drinking water \\  & & from building water filter systems \\ \hline
[32] & The ensemble learning method is recommended to & The results of the experiments show and validate that the \\  & examine water quality, which requires a scientific basis for & proposed system can meet water quality monitoring \\  & wide-area water quality testing & criteria and improve overall working efficiency. \\ \hline
[33] & Technical implementation and practical utilization for & \\  & real-time acquisition of water quality indicators on fish & Autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and the principle \\  & farms of a mini-converted sensor system integrated with & of the sensor system \\  & an autonomous underwater vehicle & \\ \hline
[34] & Examining the feasibility of employing for water quality & The testing at different locations should generate \\  & monitoring with Arduino. & much-needed additional data and accuracies for the \\  & & assessment and validation of the river health system. \\ \hline
[35] & The new algorithms have improved the system & \\  & performance by 36\% and the fairness index by 13\% for & The recommended WIPT system is energy-efficient and \\  & two-sensor systems. & confirms sustainable communication. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Findings of the previous studies.