###### Abstract
[8] investigated the damage to the Nanjing city wall and proposed a model for rainwater infiltration into the wall. The simulation results showed that rainwater infiltration gradually affects the water content in bricks and mortar inside the wall [8]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a system using evaporative cooling and ultrasonic humidification devices to control the local environment in relic conservation areas and to provide supersaturated relative humidity conditions for inhibiting soil cracking [9]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] monitored the indoor conditions and external climate of an 18 th century wooden church in Wisniowa (Poland). The results of year-round simulations were compared with those of an experimental study resulting from model calibration, which, in addition to the goodness of fit, provided [PERSON] flexibility [10]. [PERSON] et al. conducted localized environmental management of museum burial pits at the site of the Musoaleum [PERSON] [11], [PERSON] et al. [12] outlined a multistep approach to investigate the ability of BES tool coupled with the HAM model (BES + HAM) as a diagnostic and preservation technique in complex environments. The 17 th century Church of Santa Rosalia (Italy) was used as a historical monument within an authentic context, and it was demonstrated that the BES + HAM tool could be used to identify potential moisture-induced conservation risks [12]. [PERSON] et al. [13] analyzed hygrothermal transfer in the cave wall of Mogao Cave experimentally and numerically. A one-dimensional model of moisture-heat coupling was established to simulate the moisture and heat behavior patterns of Mogao Cave walls with the temperature and water vapor pressure as driving potentials. The model provides theoretical support and a scientific methodology for the conservation of cave sites, while mural paintings should still be quantitatively analyzed [13]. [PERSON] et al. [14] investigated the changes in heat and humidity conditions during the burial period of the Musoaleum of Zhang Anshi from tomb sealing to excavation by means of on-site tests and CFD modeling. Moreover, it was noted that drastic changes in the heat and humidity environmental conditions could trigger deterioration of historical relics. The local annual average temperature should be considered in the protection of underground relics excavated from the thermostatic layer of soil. This study paved the way for describing the environment of ancient burial chambers, museum design, energy conservation, and support for cultural heritage preservation and preventive conservation [14]. [PERSON] et al. [15] adopted three approaches, namely: (i) experimental work, (ii) CFD simulation, and (iii) cooling load analysis. Temperature distributions were measured for establishing a reduced model of a mosque and a church, and CFD modeling (with the MSJ-CFD model) was performed to study the flow fields associated with two configurations under three distinct scenarios [15]. [PERSON] et al. [16] investigated the potential effect of coupled moisture-heat migration on the heat transfer characteristics of buried pipes through a series of modeling tests. A three-dimensional model considering the variation in the soil thermal conductivity with temperature was established and validated. The model was utilized to further evaluate the effects of the heat storage temperature and initial soil moisture content on the heat transfer characteristics of buried pipes [16]. [PERSON] et al. [17] proposed an energy-balanced routing protocol that could minimize the energy consumption of the network. An improved artificial intelligence population optimization algorithm combining particle swarm and ant colony optimization techniques was used to construct an environmental monitoring system for relic protection [17]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] simulated and predicted the spatial and temporal patterns in 2030 and 2060 using the cellular automata (CA) model and landscape index and assessed the achievement of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets [18]. [PERSON] et al.