## 3 Results and Discussion
### Real-World Implementation of the Baffle  
Based on the presented results, the Nurnberger Dauerwelle e.V. decided to implement a baffle into the actual _Fuchslochwelle_, which is shown in Figure 10A,B. The used geometry of the real baffle [Figure 10C] was slightly modified in comparison to the baffle geometry used for the simulation [Figure 10D] to facilitate easier manufacturing. The top edge of the baffle was cut off to reduce the risk of injuries for falling surfers. Due to installation constraints, the baffle's position was fixed at a distance of \(l_{c}=3\) m to ensure safe installation and prevent the baffle from being torn out due to water pressure. To accurately simulate the dimensions of the modified and built-in baffle [Figure 10C], the cell width was limited to a maximum of 3 cm. This refinement around the baffle increased the number of cells in the simulation from approximately \(3.5\times 10^{6}\) to \(6.2\times 10^{6}\). The results are presented in Figure 11.  
The land section [Figure 11(C1)] shows notable differences to the previous simulations. In \(S_{MF}\), instead of the large and stable vortex observed in \(S_{C}^{3m}\), an unstable behavior emerges. The jet is redirected by the baffle but does not reach the water surface. Instead, it is redirected again by a current flowing from the surface to the ground, with the result that the jet ends up in the middle of the water with a tendency toward the ground before spreading upward. The jet remains attached to the vortex behind the baffle, whose center moves over time but never detaches. In the center section of simulation \(S_{MF}\) [Figure 11(C2)], the behavior is mostly comparable to the land section of simulation \(S_{C}^{3m}\). A vortex forms behind the baffle, redirecting the jet and creating a distinct water surface shape. This behavior is unstable over time, with the vortex constantly moving. The island section behaves similarly in both simulations, with vortices arising sporadically. The wave height is comparable between both simulations. However, an evaluation of the \(\Psi\) values is not feasible due to the mesh refinement, which leads to an increase in these values as more vorticity vectors are calculated within the same area, resulting in incomparability. Following a two-month test phase with inflows ranging from 5.5 to 10.5 m\({}^{3}\)/s, the wave operator and surfers provided very positive feedback regarding the system's performance with the installed baffle. Previously, inflows exceeding 8.5 m\({}^{3}\)/s created a strong backflow on the water surface behind the wave, leading to challenging and, at times, dangerous situations for less-experienced surfers. Surfers had to either swim vigorously against the backwash or dive beneath it to reach deeper currents and escape the turbulent zone behind the wave. Hence, inflow was limited to 7.5 m\({}^{3}\)/s water for safety reasons. The introduction of the baffle has substantially mitigated these issues. The modification now allows for the wave to be operated at higher inflows, even above 8.5 m\({}^{3}\)/s, without the risk of recirculation pulling surfers back into the wave. This adjustment has broadened access of higher inflows to the  
Figure 10: The actual (**A**,**B**) _Fuchslochwelle_ is shown in a drained condition in which the baffle is implemented. Subfigures (**C**,**D**) show the geometry of the installed baffle with its dimensions. wave system, making it suitable not only for experienced surfers but also for beginners and first-time surfers, thereby enhancing their safety and overall experience. Hence, inflow up to 9 m\({}^{3}\)/s can be achieved without any safety concerns, i.e., increase in inflow of 20% considering the previous possible inflow of 7.5 m\({}^{3}\)/s. To comprehensively assess the impact of the baffle, feedback was collected from a diverse group of surfers, varying in body size, weight, and skill level. This broad range of input was critical for understanding how the modification affected different types of users.