## Results
### Unilateral Impairment Group
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**ADL Item \({}^{*}\)** & **Dependency\({}^{*}\)** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Extural Robotic Arm**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Upper Limb Consideration**} \\ \cline{2-10}  & **Implement\({}^{\mathbf{b}}\)** & **Necessary\({}^{*}\)** & **Highly Necessary\({}^{*}\)** & **Net Necessary \({}^{*}\)** & **Imputation\({}^{\mathbf{b}}\)** & **Necessary \({}^{*}\)** & **Highly Necessary \({}^{*}\)** & **Net Necessary \({}^{*}\)** \\ \hline
**Training foods** & 2.6 & 75.0 (7) & 70.5 (2) & 33.3 (4) & 20.8 (1) & 87.5 (1) & 75.0 (1) & 45.8 (5) & 16.7 (3) \\
**Computer** & 2.9 & 75.0 (3) & 54.2 (6) & 33.3 (4) & 25.0 (7) & 70.8 (2) & 50.0 (3) & 25.0 (4) & 25.0 (6) \\
**Cleming** & 3.4 & 45.8 (1) & 41.7 (1) & 16.7 (2) & 20.8 (1) & 70.8 (12) & 58.3 (2) & 25.2 (2) & 28.2 (4) \\ Self-ceriore & 3.4 & - & - & - & - & 87.5 (1) & 66.7 (7) & 50 (2) & 83.3 (1) \\
**Moving** & 3.5 & 62.5 (6) & 75.0 (1) & 37.5 (2) & 25.0 (7) & 79.2 (7) & 75.0 (1) & 33.3 (1) & 20.8 (1) \\
**Dressing** & 3.5 & 542.9 (6) & 42.5 (5) & 41.6 (1) & 16.7 (4) & 79.2 (7) & 64.7 (7) & 54.2 (1) & 12.5 (6) \\
**Washing Face** & 3.8 & 65.8 (1) & 45.8 (9) & 25.7 (7) & 29.2 (5) & 83.3 (6) & 26.7 (1) & 47.7 (7) & 12.5 (6) \\
**Transfer** & 3.8 & - & - & - & 87.5 (1) & 58.3 (2) & 25.0 (4) & 25.0 (4) & 25.0 (6) \\
**Hidnessing** & 3.8 & 70.8 (5) & 83.3 (4) & 37.5 (2) & 20.8 (1) & 79.2 (7) & 64.7 (7) & 45.8 (5) & 16.7 (3) \\
**Breathing teeth** & 3.8 & 58.3 (7) & 33.3 (4) & 25.7 (7) & 37.5 (1) & 108.2 (1) & 64.7 (7) & 41.7 (7) & 16.7 (3) \\
**Home clils** & 3.8 & 58.3 (7) & 37.5 (1) & 16.7 (2) & 33.3 (7) & 29.7 (3) & 37.9 (1) & 16.7 (7) & 37.5 (1) \\
**Willing** & 3.8 & 66.7 (4) & 54.2 (6) & 16.7 (2) & 29.2 (5) & 75.0 (1) & 42.5 (9) & 45.8 (5) & 25.0 (6) \\
**Wheedium coated** & 3.9 & - & - & - & - & 66.7 (3) & 50.0 (3) & 25.2 (2) & 33.3 (1) \\
**Fuse** & 4.0 & 54.2 (9) & 50.0 (9) & 25.0 (7) & 25.0 (7) & 64.7 (6) & 54.2 (1) & 25.0 (4) & 25.0 (4) \\
**Santantphone** & 4.0 & 66.7 (4) & 58.3 (4) & 29.2 (6) & 25.0 (7) & 83.3 (4) & 66.7 (3) & 37.5 (3) & 20.8 (1) \\
**Switch control** & 4.1 & 37.5 (1) & 41.7 (1) & 16.7 (3) & 37.5 (1) & 38.3 (1) & 65.8 (1) & 16.7 (2) & 37.5 (1) \\
**Easing** & 4.1 & 45.8 (1) & 45.9 (1) & 16.7 (3) & 33.3 (7) & 70.8 (2) & 62.5 (9) & 41.7 (7) & 29.2 (4) \\
**Table use** & 4.3 & - & - & - & - & 83.3 (6) & 62.5 (9) & 45.8 (5) & 25.0 (6) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* ADL items are listed in the order of highest dependence to lowest dependency. \({}^{*}\) dependency in 5-Likert scale. 1 (totally dependent), mean. \({}^{\mathbf{b}}\) percentage of respondents who applied corresponding ADL as important (4) or very important (5) in a 5-Likert scale, numbers in (1) indicate ranking in the group; \({}^{*}\)percentage of respondents who applied corresponding ADL as necessary (4) or highly necessary (5) in a 5-Likert scale, numbers in (1) indicate ranking in the group; \({}^{*}\) percentage of respondents who applied corresponding ADL as highly necessary (5) in a 5-Likert scale, numbers in (1) indicate ranking in the group; \({}^{*}\) percentage of respondents who applied corresponding ADL as not necessary (1) or of little necessity (2) in a 5-Likert scale, numbers in (1) indicate ranking in the group. \({}^{*}\) percentage of respondents who applied corresponding ADL as not necessary (1) or of little necessity (2) in a 5-Likert scale, numbers in (1) indicate ranking in the group. \({}^{*}\)  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Dependency, importance, and necessity for assistive robots in the unilateral impairment group (\(n=24\)). Figure 1: The percentage of respondents who replied ‘important’ or ‘very important’ for importance (dotted line) and ‘necessary’ and ‘highly necessary’ for necessity (solid line) of an external robotic arm to each activity of daily living (ADL) function in each impairment group (unilateral impairment group: circle, bilateral impairment group: rhombus). The ADLs in the \(x\)-axis are in the order of high to low dependency for all survey participants.