## 2 Results
### _D. quadriceps_ venom Kunitz protease inhibitor (Contig511_B2-2)
#### 2.2.10. Inhibitor Cysteine Knot (ICK)-Like Venom-Peptides  
From the in-solution proteomics analysis, three types of knottins (1_D07_A11_4_DVB1-protein 88; Contig516_B2-2 gij5788953991 - protein 77; XM_014620749.1 - protein 99), referred to asICK-like toxins, were found in the venom of _D. quadriceps_ (Figure 11). The experimental data are presented in summarized information in Table S2. The transcript precursors for two of them are shown in Figure S10A,B. These ICK-like toxins (Figure 11,B) expressed in the giant ant venom are consistent  
Figure 10. Dinoponeratoroxins (DNTxs), pilosulin- and ponercin- like peptides found by proteomic and transcriptomic analysis as part of the major components of _D. quadriceps_ venom. (**A**) Sequence that corresponds to mature peptide encoded in the transcript contig 1_A12_G5_1_DVC1, a pilosulin-like precursor peptide [Dq-1969]; (**B**) Contig 1_F07_C7_2_DVB1, a pilosulin-like precursor peptide [Dq-2532]; (**C**) product from transcript Contig Consensus 34, a pilosulin-like precursor peptide; (**D**) product from transcript contig 1_F12_E3_DVA2, a pilosulin-like precursor peptide [Dq-2562]. The peptide signal in each case is colored in gold, the prepropeptide in magenta. The mature, processed peptide and fragments are boxed in red and black and the experimental molecular mass indicated. Note. the _D. quadriceps_ dinoponeratoroxins, pilosulin- and poneccin- like peptides detected in the venom proteome are listed in Table S2. with similar structures that are known neurotoxins in other venoms, like spider huwentoxins and anemone IKKs (e.g., BcsTx3 and \(\kappa\)-activoxin-Bcs4a), while the third ICK-like toxin is structurally similar to defensin-like-2 of insects (hymenoptera canonical invertebrate defensin-like-2 peptides). In Figure 11A, the \(D\). _quadriceps_ ICK-like toxins that share high level of similarity (\(\sim\)60-90%) with honey bee and spider homologues are compared by amino acid sequence alignment. In Figure 11B, the giant ant knottin-like peptides that are highly similar (>90%) to conotoxin-like neurotoxins from _A. mellifera_ and _Conus_ sea snail are presented. The defensin-like venom peptides from _A. mellifera_ and _Odontomachus monticola_, with antimicrobial activity associated to their structures, are shown in C, and are compared with similar (\(\sim\)50% identical) sequence found in the venom of _D. quadriceps._  
Figure 11: Knottins, ICK-like toxins, found in the crude venom of the giant ant \(D\). _quadriceps_. **(A)** Defensin-like-2 venom-peptides that corresponds to the gene product of the nucleotide sequence XM_014620749.1 from _D. quadriceps_. **(B)** Knottin-like toxin found as the product from the venom gland transcript contig516_B2-2 gi578895399. **(C)** Sequence that corresponds to mature homologous peptide encoded in the transcript clone 1_D07_A11_4_DVB1 (U1-poneritoxin-Dq5a) from _D. quadriceps_ transcriptome. The peptide signal in each case is colored in gold, the prepropeptide is indicated by a dashed line (in A). Disulfide bonds are represented by connecting solid lines, as known from the S-S patterns of homologous sequences. The mature, processed toxins are seen downstream the cleavage site, in the prepropeptide (in A) or downstream the signal peptides (in B and C). The gene and protein  
database access codes are as follow: DEF2_APIME [Q5 MQL3], defensin-2 from the honey bee _A. mellifera_; A0A348G5W3; Conotoxin-like_S1 from the ponerine ant _O. monticola_; A0A348G6A9_ODOMO, defensin2_ODOMO: defensin 2 from _O. monticola_; OCLP1_APIME [H9 KQJ7], omega-cnotoxin-like protein 1 de _A. mellifera_; A0A35G5 IID7_9 MUSC, venom polypeptide from the giant assassin fly _Dolopus genitalis_; O16B_CONMR [Q26443], Na+-sodium channel gating-modifier toxin \(\omega\)-cnotoxin MrVIB from the sea snail _Cous marmerous_; TXFK1_PSACA U1-theraphotoxin-Pc1a [P0C201] from the spider _Psalmopoeus cambridgei_; (**D**). Structural model of _D. quadriceps_ICK-like venom peptide predicted from the venom gland transcript contig1_D07_A11_4_DVB1.