# A Novel Hybrid Edge Detection and LBP Code-Based Robust Image Steganography Method
## 5 Conclusions  
Steganography is the art of sending digital images securely from a sender to a recipient. This paper suggests a novel hybrid edge detection and LBP code-based image steganographic technique that is robust and useful in image data security and transmission. In this proposed approach, the \(m\)-numbers of edge detection operators are applied on \(n\)-bits cleared cover images. Then, those edge images were hybridized using the logical OR operator and morphological dilation operation. Only the edge pixels are selected, from the edge image. It was divided into 3 \(\times\) 3 block sizes, and LBP codes were generated. Secret bits are implanted in a cover media and generated in the stego media. At the recipient's end, both the secret bits and cover media are extracted. Only edge pixels are selected and arranged into a two-dimensional matrix to collect LBP code, before the LPB code and secret bits are XORed and shuffled. Subsequently, the stego image is generated, and the changes to the cover image are tracked. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs better than the other competing methods. The proposed scheme demonstrates 27.45%, 36.87%, 60.21%, and 45.56% higher PSNR values than [PERSON] [24], [PERSON] [27], [PERSON] [25], and [PERSON] [44], respectively.  
This suggested hybrid LBP code-based image steganographic strategy, combining edge detection and LBP code in image steganography opens a new era of research and applications. This universal embedding technique applies to all current-generation image steganography techniques, considerably enhancing their security performance. Additionally, this research combined edge detection and LBP code; however, the combination can be conducted in various ways to achieve the expected performance. The proposed method is reversible, so the embedding capacity is small. This paper investigated several statistical methods, including the entropy, correlation coefficient, cosine similarity, and pixel difference histogram, and the results show that the proposed method is more resistant to different types of cyber-attacks. Moreover, future work will emphasize the full utilization of the embedding space and increase the embedding capacity.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c} \hline \hline
**ImageName** & **\(t\)-Test Values** \\ \hline F16.jpg & 6.3822 \\ baboon.jpg & 3.0015 \\ basketjpg & 0.3493 \\ boat.jpg & 0.0039 \\ brbra.jpg & 0.0391 \\ lena.jpg & 7.5305 \\ livingroom.jpg & 0.2402 \\ pepper.jpg & 0.0039 \\ walkbridge.jpg & 0.0088 \\ wheel.jpg & 2.1080 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: \(t\)-Test values of proposed method.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, H.S. and A.H.M.K.; methodology, H.S. and A.H.M.K.; Experiment, H.S.; writing--original draft preparation, H.S.; writing--review and editing, A.H.M.K., G.H. and M.A.K. This work is a contribution of Ph.D. research work of H.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research work is partially supported by the University Grants Commission of Bangladesh through its research project and the Information and Communication Technology division of the Ministry of Post, Telecommunication, and Information Technology of the Government of Bangladesh.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** We used data from \"The Bank of Standardized Stimuli (BOSS), a New Set of 480 Normative Photos of Objects to Be Used as Visual Stimuli in Cognitive Research, [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON]\" and various reliable sources (Internet).  
**Acknowledgments:** [PERSON] is a Ph.D. fellow of the Information and Communication Technology division of the Ministry of Post, Telecommunication and Information Technology of the Government of Bangladesh. So, we would like to acknowledge their support.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.