[16] investigated two advanced dual-fuel combustion modes using bioethanol as the main fuel for hybrid passenger vehicles, a pre-chamber ignition system (PCIS) using bioethanol and hydrogen, and reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode fueled with bioethanol/diesel. As a result, the RCCI mode has shown the highest potential to decrease the NOx emissions while presenting the highest benefits in energy consumption, however had penalties in terms of CO\({}_{2}\) emissions. [PERSON] et al. [17] also studied dual-fuel diesel and E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline) in a series hybrid vehicle concept and concluded that ultra-low engine-out emissions could be achieved for NOx. Furthermore, regarding advanced combustion strategies, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [18] recently reviewed the impact of partially premixed combustion (PPC) on CI engines and summarized that the integrated application of PPC mode in addition to high octane number fuels, such as ethanol and butanol, in modern CI engine is a promising key alternative to match the stringent emission legislation. [PERSON] et al. [19] evaluated the potential of synthetic fuels towards the forthcoming EURO VII emissions limits. The researchers reported that the 2030 target to CO\({}_{2}\) emissions could be achieved in a well-to-wheel base as well as they reached ultra-low NOx emissions (<0.2 g/kWh) with zero-soot emissions through the engine operational map. However, they concluded that in order to reduce CO\({}_{2}\) emissions and reduce fuel consumption, vehicle hybridization must be considered. Besides, the automotive industry is continuously developing diesel combustion system designs to achieve the CO\({}_{2}\) targets and improve overall engine-out emissions [20]. Most of these works have evaluated the energetic analysis of alternative fuels in CI engines in terms of the First Law of Thermodynamics. This is the most frequently employed method, but solely it is not sufficient to establish the losses and the efficiency of a system [21]. Exergy analysis is a method that combines both the First and the Second Laws of Thermodynamics to determine the losses (or irreversibilities) of a system [22]. It helps in assessing the source of these losses and allows more detailed information regarding the efficiency of the engine. Besides, it is an important tool to provide the exergy destruction analysis of a system [23]. Table 1 shows a summary of the results of energy and exergy analysis of previously conducted investigations. It becomes clear that the exergy efficiency is of great interest to the scientific community, as it directly identifies the existing destructions during the engine operation process. It is well established by the literature that increasing the engine load leads to an increase in the energy and exergy efficiencies [24; 25], whilst increasing the engine speed causes the opposite effect [26; 27]. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the effects of a specific fuel or blend on the energetic and exergetic efficiencies could be performed by comparing the efficiencies and the losses of the engine. Based on the aforementioned studies, this work contributes to the current literature by applying an energetic analysis (fuel energy, energy losses, outlet work, and energy efficiency) and exergetic analysis (fuel exergy, exergy losses, work outlet, irreversibilities, exergy destruction, exergy efficiency, entropy generation, and sustainable index) as well as the emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with F-T diesel, ethanol, and biodiesel blends. To obtain a comprehensive comparison of the effects of combining F-T diesel and ethanol/b biodiesel, the engine performance results were compared with the engine using diesel fuel, as baseline fuel. A steady engine condition was selected based on previous work of the research group [28].