## 3 Methodology: Requirements Analysis, Selection of Buildings, and Technologies
### Choosing the Set of Buildings for Retrofitting Sensor and Control Networks
#### 3.2.2 Selection of Buildings
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Building Index** & **10** & **11** & **12** & **13** & **14** & **15** & **16** & **17** & **18** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{General Information} \\ \hline Construction Year & 2021 & 1967 & 2004 & 1970 & 2024 & 2009 & 2010 & 2024 & 1961 \\ Renovation Year & & & & & & & & 2006 \\ Number of Floors & 3 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 1 & 2 & 4 & 1 \\ Net Floor Area in m\({}^{2}\) & 2.003 & 6.937 & 4.231 & 4.895 & 240 & 401 & 1.204 & 7.168 & 4.118 \\ Orientation & NE, SW & NE & SW & SE, NW & SW & SE, NW & SE & SE, NW & SW \\ \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{Typical Usage} \\ \hline Offices & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & \\ Labs & & & & & & x & & x & \\ Lecture & & x & & & & x & x & \\ HPC\({}^{1}\) & & x & x & x & x & & & & \\ Canteen & & & & & & & & & x \\ \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{Occupants/Users} \\ \hline Researchers & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & x \\ Management & x & x & x & & & & & x & x \\ Operative Staff & & x & x & & & & & & x \\ \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{Heating} \\ \hline Radiators & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & x & & x \\ Floor Heating & & & & & & & & x \\ Underfloor Convector & & & & & & & & x \\ Concrete Core Activation & & & & & & & & x \\ \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{Ventilation} \\ \hline Manual & x & x & x & x & x & & x & x & \\ Automated & & x & x & x & & x & x & x \\ \hline Large Consumers & x & x & x & x & x & x & & & x \\ \hline Connection to LDTH \({}^{2}\) & & x & x & x & x & x & & x & x \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{1}\) High-performance computing; \({}^{2}\) low-temperature district heating network.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Further buildings to be equipped (Group 2). model-based, and predictive control strategies. For new buildings, additional requirements for the realization of the innovative control strategies are already taken into account in the planning phase. This serves the purposes of aligning with all stakeholders involved in the construction and building automation process and creating a wide range of access possibilities, including the required hardware. One major new-build project is the _climate-neutral administrative building_ (for general information, see Table 3, index 17). The main objective is to achieve climate neutrality in operation by integrating renewable energies and waste heat in the building's design and the application of optimal operations. The building is a planned mixed-usage office building, currently in construction, which will provide work spaces to approximately 300 employees with reoccurring occupancy patterns. It will be connected to the LTDH network of the campus. Accordingly, all heating systems are adjusted to low supply temperatures, such as a radiative heating concept, in the form of _thermally activated building systems_ (TABS). Likewise, cooling at a high-temperature level is investigated. TABS can be considered as passive storage with a high inertia covering the base load of the building. Room-integrated underfloor connectors cover the peak load and consider individual thermal comfort preferences of the users, which can be specified via a state-of-the-art HMI. The building is coupled to a thermal buffer storage and a heat pump in case the temperatures of the LTDH network are not sufficient. To further decrease the CO\({}_{2}\) footprint of the building, it is equipped with both roof-installed and facade-integrated photovoltaics. Moreover, an innovative energy- and cost-efficient ventilation concept is implemented in the building. A scheme of the ventilation concept is given in Figure 2, comprising a quadrant of a floor. The innovative ventilation concept consists of ventilation of the central, shared areas of each floor. Fresh air is supplied to the offices located along the central area if the corresponding doors are opened. To induce the required air exchange between the central area and the offices, the fresh air is supplied with a temperature below the temperature levels in the offices.