## 3 Data Analysis Results and User Feedback
### Review of ZKI Products  
The ZKI module aimed at the shortcomings in information exchange among emergency services and external organizations. In the trial, each of the 10 response teams (ACs and CIs) received support from ZKI through airborne remote sensing data (simulated results). Through capabilities of Web Map Service, the flood extent was displayed simultaneously in both emergency management systems once published. This has been confirmed by the technical records. According to the record of observations, 9 out of 10 response teams actively used the flood extent layer provided by ZKI to gain situation awareness and to fulfil their task in the trial. Regarding the flood extent layer, consenting appraisal predominates over the critical ones, overall. The evaluation of usability aspects shows that in relative terms, effectiveness scored best with about 55% of responses referring to \"Agree\" or \"Strongly agree\", whereas efficiency and satisfaction rated only slightly lower. Looking at the aspect of utility, the positive valuations outweigh the unfavorable ones even more clearly. Only about 20% expressed a negative impression on utility aspects (Figure 5, flood extent layer). Practitioner commentaries highlight the strength of the flood layer in proving more detailed information compared to common practices. The objective nature of images as data source of the flood information was further appreciated by the practitioners. Taking a closer look at the underlying data, it also reveals that the aspect of an easy integration into existing workflows through geospatial web services has also contributed to its positive utility assessment. According to the individual feedback and debriefing discussions, the negative share of the ratings for the flood mask are to be attributed to the explicit desire of the practitioners to not only receive flood extent, but also associated water depth information in order to perform the required tasks satisfactorily. This was brought up for discussion several times. The interactive 2D and 3D map products could also be distributed successfully to all ACs and CTs. As the value-added damage assessment maps are PDF based, no specialized software, rather only an Adobe PDF Reader, was required on the machines of the end-users to display the interactive maps and show the analysis results. Eight out of 10 response teams actively accessed the maps to test them for their purposes. 2D and 3D maps were both valued very similarly. Overall, critical response dominates the graph drawn from the data on the map products. For the share of efficiency, the valuation was noticeably low with about 60% denying efficiency-related items. Reviewing utility values for the map products, only about one-quarter of the responding participants indicated to receive additional assistance by using the products (Figure 5, 2D PDF map/3D PDF map). A review of the commentaries on the map products provides an explanation for the restrained results: Some practitioners stated that, compared to the flood extent layer, the extra information provided by the map products was not required to fulfill their specific tasks. Others expected that all information should be fully integrated into the emergency management system, e.g., LCMS, rather than to refer to additional files or interfaces, just as it was done before with the flood information. Especially for the 3D version's usability deficits were reported, such as faltering movements on slow machines or orientation issues in the 3D space. Further, comments such as \"it takes some time to understand all the possibilities\" or \"needs more training to use\" reflect that users were insecure and not sufficiently trained by the pre-trial training condensed to one hour for grasping full potential from the maps. Also taking the trial setup and available means into account, it is very likely that traditional emergency services were already sufficiently supported by utilizing the flood extent information, which was provided by ZKI earlier in the scenario already.