## 2 Information about Materials  
Structures can be constructed using different types of materials. One important parameter that influences structures' behavior under loads is the structural material characteristics. These characteristics directly affect the behavior of structures under loads, especially seismic loads. In linear structural analysis, material features such as compressive and tensile strength, modulus of elasticity (E), unit volume weight, and Poisson's ratio (v) are considered directly. These properties are very important for revealing the advantages and weaknesses of the materials and further for the development of the materials. In this study, a masonry minaret constructed with different types of materials was considered. Materials in masonry buildings may differ according to region. A total of thirteen different building materials were taken into account for the sample minaret model within the scope of this study. The selected material properties were determined by using previous studies. Ahlat stone is a product of Nemrut volcanism and is widely used in constructing houses, tombstones, gravestones, bridges, and minarets in the Lake Van basin. It continues to be widely used today as both a material for load-bearing walls and a covering material. These stones are available in various colors, such as light brown, dark brown (chestnut), and ash [41; 42; 43; 44]. Ahlat stone is partially soft when removed from the ground and hardens under the influence of open air. The desired shapes can be easily acquired using the soft Ahlat stone by hand or machine [42; 45]. Kufeki stone mostly contains limestone, fossiliferous limestone, and clayey limestone. Fossil limestone with CaCO\({}_{3}\) composition, known as \"Kufeki stone\" since the Ottoman Empire, is soft and easily shaped when first taken out of the quarry and stored afterward. Kufeki stone provides increased strength and long-term use benefits in terms of material and strength properties over time [46; 47; 48]. Diyarbakir Basalt has been used as a structural material for thousands of years because it is a local material and is abundant in the Diyarbakir region and is still widely used today. Diyarbakir-Karacadag basalt deposits cover large areas in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkiye. Basalt stone, formed due to the cooling of lava sprayed by Karacadag, an ancient volcanic mountain, is among the hardest and most durable stones known in nature due to the metallic elements such as Fe, Si, Al, and Mg [49; 50; 51; 52]. Bitlis stone is a product of Nemrut volcanism as Ahlat stone and is widely used in the Lake Van Basin region. It is a good thermal insulation material due to its hollow structure. Bitlis stone is partially soft when removed from the ground and hardens under the influence of open air. The desired shapes can be easily given to the soft Bitlis stone by hand or machine [53; 54; 55]. In the 19 th century, depending on the technological developments experienced during the industrial revolution process, standard bricks were produced in Europe with increased physical qualities and mechanical strength [56]. Bricks (the main ingredient is clay) are classified as either fired or unbaked. Brick is widely used because of its cheapness, availability, and ease of use of soil material. In addition, it can be easily produced wherever there is suitable clay for brick production and is used as a building material in buildings [57; 58; 59; 60]. Adobe is one of the oldest building materials obtained by mixing the soil with straw and water, pouring it into molds, and drying it first in the shade and then in the sun. The first stage in making adobe is where the clay is kneaded and prepared by hand. The second stage is the stage where it is shaped in molds and dried in the shade and then in the sun [57; 61]. It is an indispensable material, especially for rural areas, it is a material of low cost, does not require the establishment of a production facility, and has a high thermal insulation value [62; 63].