## 2 Methods
### Noise Regulation Regarding the Studied Area
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|p{113.8 pt}|p{113.8 pt}|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{**Decrees Implementing the Framework Law on Noise Pollution 26 October 1995, n. 447**} \\ \hline
**D.M. 11 December 1996** & Application of the differential criteria for continuous productive cycle plants \\ \hline
**D.P.C.M. 14 November 1997** & Determination of the limit values of the noise sources according to different urban areas \\ \hline
**D.P.C.M. 5 December 1997** & Determination of passive acoustic requirements of buildings (sound insulation of internal partitions and facades, impact noise on floors, and service equipment noise) \\ \hline
**D.M. 31 October 1997** & Methodology for measuring airport noise \\ \hline
**D.P.R. 11 December 1997, n. 496** & Rules for a reduction in noise pollution produced by civil aircraft \\ \hline
**D.M. 16 March 1998** & Techniques for detecting and measuring noise pollution (measuring equipment, reference times, correction for impulsive or tonal noise, rules for road traffic and rail traffic noise, etc.) \\ \hline
**D.P.C.M. 31 March 1998** & Act of direction and coordination containing general criteria for the exercise of the activity of the technician competent in acoustics \\ \hline
**D.P.R. 18 November 1998, n. 459** & Noise pollution due to rail traffic \\ \hline
**D.M. 3 December 1999** & Anti-noise procedures and buffer zones at airports \\ \hline
**D.P.C.M. 16 April 1999, n. 215** & Requirements for determining the acoustic requirements of sound sources in places of dancing and public entertainment and in public establishments \\ \hline
**D.M. 20 May 1999** & Criteria for the design of monitoring systems for the control of noise pollution levels near airports, as well as criteria for the classification of airports in relation to the level of noise pollution \\ \hline
**D.M. 29 November 2000** & Criteria for the preparation, by companies and bodies managing public transport services or related infrastructures, of noise containment and abatement intervention plans \\ \hline
**D.P.R. 3 April 2001, n. 304** & Regulation of noise emissions produced during motorsport activities \\ \hline
**D.M. 23 November 2001** & Introduction of systems for the photovoltaic conversion of solar energy on noise barriers \\ \hline
**D.P.C.M. 30 March 2004, n. 142** & Provisions for the prevention of noise pollution caused by road traffic \\ \hline
**D. Lgs. 19 August 2005, n. 194** & Implementation of Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise (noise mapping and action plans) \\ \hline
**D. Lgs. 17 February 2017, n. 41** & Provisions for the harmonisation of national legislation on noise pollution with Directive 2000/14/EC and with Regulation (EC) no. 765/2008 \\ \hline
**D. Lgs. 17 February 2017, n. 42** & Provisions regarding the harmonisation of national legislation on noise pollution \\ \hline
**D.M. 1 June 2022** & Determination of the criteria for measuring the noise emitted by wind farms and for the containment of related noise pollution \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Evolution of the Italian regulations on environmental noise (including noise barriers): Framework Law 26 October 1995, n. 447 and its implementing decrees. D.M stands for Ministry of Environment Decree, D.P.C.M. stands for Decree of the President of the Council of Ministers, D.P.R stands for Decree of the President of the Republic, and D. Lgs. stands for Legislative Decree. to a substantial increase in road traffic, especially on Terracini Street, one of the busiest streets in the area [22]. An essential factor to be considered in this analysis is the locations of classrooms, laboratories, and offices of the \"Alma Mater Studiorum--University of Bologna\", which mostly overlook Terracini Street and whose activities are disturbed by the high and continuous noise produced by road traffic. According to the acoustic zoning of Bologna, the site falls into class III according to the national decree [21] and the municipal classification [22] (see Table 2).