## 2 Properties and Test Methods of Newly Proposed Waterproofing Sheet and Layer
### Preparation of Pavement and Deck Concrete Materials
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Item** & **Criteria** & **Quality Standard** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Tensile performance} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Tensile strength \\ (N/mm) \\ \end{tabular} } & Untreated & \multirow{2}{*}{More than 13.0} \\ \cline{3-3}  & & \begin{tabular}{c} Tensile strength \\ (N/mm) \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Alkali-treated \\ Temperature- \\ variation-treated \\ \end{tabular} & & \\ \cline{2-3}  & & \begin{tabular}{c} Untreated \\ (\%) \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ Alkali-treated \\ Temperature- \\ variation-treated \\ \end{tabular} & & \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Permeability} & Should not leak \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Chloride ion} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Less than 100 \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \cline{3-3}  & & \begin{tabular}{c} penetration \\ resistance (Coulombs) \\ \end{tabular} & & & \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Impact resistance} & Holes should not \\ \cline{2-3}  & & \begin{tabular}{c} form \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Heat resistance} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 150 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 30 min \\ \end{tabular} } & Within \(\pm\) 2.0 \\ \cline{2-3}  & & \begin{tabular}{c} deformation \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Low temperature} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} No cracks should \\ form \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \cline{3-3}  & flexibility & & \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Overlap section} & More than 5.0 \\ \cline{2-3}  & strength (N/mm) & & & \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Fatigue resistance} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{No cracks, tears, or} \\ \cline{2-3}  & & \
\begin{tabular}{c} breakage should form \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Crack resistance} & \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C &
\begin{tabular}{c} No cracks, tears, or \\ breakage should form \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Note: Same applies regardless of the asphalt or concrete of the pavement layer according to the material property evaluation item.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Physical property evaluation criteria and performance standard of waterproofing sheet. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Composition** & **Asphalt** & **Coarse Aggregate** & **Fine Aggregate** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Filler** \\ **(Limestone** \\ **Powder)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Others** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Mixture ratio} & \multirow{3}{*}{4–5} & \multirow{3}{*}{65–80} & \multirow{3}{*}{14–26} & \multirow{3}{*}{1–2} & \multirow{3}{*}{2–4} \\ based on weight & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{6-6} \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\ weight & & & & & \\ percentage (\%) & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: APC pavement material composition. Test Methods for Performance Evaluation of Waterproofing Layer Applied to Pavement Layer 2.3.1. Specimen Preparation and Test Methods of Waterproofing Sheet  
(1) Specimen fabrication  
The specimens of APC and LMC pavement with the applied waterproofing sheet specimens were fabricated according to the specimen manufacturing method of the Korean standard KS F 4931-\"17\" [sheet waterproofing materials for concrete bridges], as shown in Figure 5, and placed in the constant room-temperature setting (20 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 3, RH 65%) for curing for 3 days. The 20 \(\times\) 20 cm-sized double-sided composite waterproof sheets were applied for each specimen type, and thickness of the concrete substrate (bottom part) and the pavement substrate (upper part) were prepared. For each substrate type (APC and LMC), three specimens were prepared. (2) Test method  
Figure 5: APC and LMC pavement specimens; (**a**) a double-sided waterproofing sheet, (**b**) surface of waterproofing sheet, (**c**) LMC pavement specimen with applied waterproofing sheet, (**d**) APC pavement specimen with applied waterproofing sheet.