# Networked Microgrids: A Review on Configuration, Operation, and Control Strategies
## 5 Future Research Direction  
This section lists all of problems that require further exploration and innovation, considering the continuously changing landscape of energy systems and operationalparadigms. The following outlines key areas for prospective research in the domain of networked microgrids. * Cyber-Physical Security: As digital technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT) become more integrated into NMGs' research, particularly in studies such as [53; 57; 64; 131; 193; 194; 195], it is imperative for future research to prioritize robust cybersecurity measures. Ensuring the security of NMGs against cyber threats, including concerns such as hacking and data breaches, should be a central focus. * Energy Market Participation: While dynamic networked microgrids proposed in [53; 55; 56; 57; 60] offer enhanced resilience compared to predetermined ones, the substantial costs associated with high-tech components, network reconfiguration, installation, and maintenance present a considerable investment challenge. Hence, future research could delve into cost analysis for these methods and investigate regulatory and market frameworks needed to enable the active participation of dynamic networked microgrids in energy trading and demand-response programs. * Environmental Sustainability: In the pursuit of minimizing the carbon footprint, researchers can investigate inventive strategies to improve the environmental sustainability of networked microgrids, as suggested in certain studies such as [46; 64]. This involves optimizing the use of renewable energy resources and energy storage technologies, coupled with integrating environmental metrics into proposed frameworks. * Demand Response: While some studies [30; 46; 51] incorporate demand response in their approaches, there is a need for further research to delve deeper into understanding load demand variations during large-scale disturbances. It is crucial to thoughtfully integrate these variations into models, placing emphasis on developing efficient responses. * Exploration of Resilience Indices: In resilience metrics, all aspects of resiliency, including energy not supplied, load shedding, cost, and recovery time, are considered. Despite numerous proposed resilience indices for power systems, only a few studies, such as [51; 64], incorporate them into their NMGs' configuration approaches. Given that the primary goal of establishing NMGs is to enhance power system resilience, it might be essential for research to include resilience indices in creating NMGs. * Accidental Outage Consideration: Given the inherent unpredictability of power systems and the impossibility of foreseeing all events or guaranteeing their current state, it is crucial for the research to evaluate proposed models, such as those outlined in [113; 113; 192; 25; 26; 28; 53; 56; 64; 112; 193; 25; 26; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39; 40; 41], in the context of accidental events like switching faults, component losses, losing data, and short-circuit faults. These events have the potential to disrupt power systems during the formation and control of NMGs. * Switching Delay: Researchers should include mechanical component delays, telecommunication lags, and reliability-oriented delays as constraints in their methods, particularly in dynamic approaches like those discussed in [11; 26; 53; 55; 57; 64; 53]. These approaches involve operating numerous switches, resulting in a more intricate and delayed restoration process. Additionally, it is essential to note that the assumed rapid on-and-off switching in proposed methods may not align with the practical constraints and feasibility in real-world scenarios. * Real Conditions Analysis: The absence of evaluations under real-world natural disasters and severe conditions in numerous studies, such as those outlined in [190; 24; 25; 28; 29; 42; 43; 46; 53; 56; 57; 60; 64; 149; 190], may render the proposed methods universally inapplicable.