## 3 Results and Discussion
### Optimal Waveband Selection Using ANOVA Analysis Results
#### 3.2.3 Development of Global Imaging Algorithm for Detecting Residues  
Based on these results, an algorithm was developed that allows the selected wavelengths to be applied for concentration, regardless of the type of fruit. The SWA was initially applied (Table 5). On the 2B-finished SS surface, a detection accuracy of 93.37%was obtained when a threshold value of 482 was applied at 488 nm for the original juices. Detection accuracies of 92.42%, 90.91%, and 83.34% were obtained when threshold values of 670, 545, and 382 were applied, respectively, at 484 nm for the 1:5 up to 1:20 dilution samples, respectively. For the 1:50 and 1:100 dilution samples, detection accuracies of 62.51% and 55.81% were obtained when thresholds values of 1633 and 1685 at 644 nm, were applied, respectively. On the #4-finished SS surface, the original juices were detected at an accuracy of 84.43%, when a threshold value of 670 was applied at 460 nm. Detection accuracies of 90.74%, 83.31%, and 75.71% were obtained when the threshold values of 611, 594, and 549 were applied at 484 nm for the 1:5 up to 1:20 dilution samples, respectively. For the 1:50 dilution sample at 652 nm and the 1:100 dilution sample at 660 nm, detection accuracies of 68.41% and 80.95% were obtained when threshold values of 301 and 332 were applied, respectively. For the detection of fruit residue, the 460 nm and 484 nm wavelengths related to carotenoids were selected for a 1:20 dilution concentration of the original juice, and 644-660 nm related to chlorophyll was selected for a dilution concentration of 1:50-1:100 [35; 36; 37]. Table 6 shows the results of applying the integrated wavebands using the TWRA. On the 2B-finished SS surface, detection accuracies of 92.49%, 88.07%, 86.53%, 86.92%, 76.52%, and 61.14% were obtained for original juices up to 1:100 dilution samples when the threshold values of 0.36, 0.32, 0.30, 0.28, 0.28, and 0.27 were applied in the combination of 460 nm and 656 nm, 460 nm and 652 nm, 472 nm and 644 nm, 468 nm and 648 nm, 468 nm and 652 nm, 472 nm and 652 nm, respectively. On the #4-finished SS surface, detection accuracies of 75.80%, 52.97%, 65.63%, 57.57%, 60.05%, and 58.09% were obtained for original juices up to 1:100 dilution samples when the threshold values of 1.31, 0.42, 1.69, 0.72, 0.45, and 0.24 were applied in the combinations of 488 nm and 676 nm, 464 nm and 612 nm, 476 nm and 580 nm, 476 nm and 612 nm, 580 nm and 676 nm, 560 nm and 664 nm, respectively. The combination of 460 nm and 650 nm was selected for the 2B-finished SS surface. The difference between the wavebands selected at each dilution concentration and the wavebands selected at the total dilution concentration on the 2B-finished SS surface was not greater than that on the #4-finished SS surface. Therefore, the integrated algorithms for the 2B-finished SS surface exhibited better detection accuracies than those for the #4-finished SS surface. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Total**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**2B-Finished SSS**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**\#4-Finished SSS**} \\ \cline{2-10}  & **No of Sample** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Ratio**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**TH**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Accuracy [\%]**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**No of Sample**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Ratio**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**TH**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Accuracy [\%]**} \\  & & & & & & & & **Waveband [nm]** \\ \hline original & 7533 & 460.8 & 656.4 & 0.36 & 92.49 & 9329 & 488.8 & 676.4 & 1.31 & 75.80 \\
1:5 & 8140 & 460.8 & 652.4 & 0.32 & 88.07 & 8526 & 464.8 & 612.5 & 0.42 & 54.97 \\
1:10 & 7825 & 472.8 & 644.5 & 0.30 & 86.53 & 8043 & 476.8 & 580.6 & 1.69 & 65.63 \\
1:20 & 7719 & 468.8 & 648.4 & 0.28 & 86.92 & 10,120 & 476.8 & 612.5 & 0.72 & 57.57 \\
1:50 & 7141 & 468.8 & 652.4 & 0.28 & 76.52 & 7665 & 580.6 & 676.4 & 0.45 & 60.05 \\
1:100 & 6935 & 472.8 & 652.4 & 0.27 & 61.14 & 7675 & 560.6 & 664.4 & 0.24 & 58.09 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: TH = Threshold value.  
\end{table}