# Dwarf Mongoose Optimization-Based Secure Clustering with Routing Technique in Internet of Drones
## 1 Introduction
### Existing Works on Cluster-Based Routing in IoD  
In [11], the operation of drones in ad hoc mode and their cooperation with vehicles in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) were learned to aid the detection and routing procedure of malicious vehicles. A routing protocol termed vehicular routing unit (VRU) can be devised that involves two different ways they are routing packets of data between UAVs using a protocol termed VRU_u and supplying packets of data between vehicles by using drones utilizing a protocol called VRU_vu. In [12], a novel systematic structure can be presented for solving the issue of multi-drone collaborative task allotment. It can be developed as a combinatorial optimizing issue and resolved by the enhanced clustering technique. The main goal was to enable multi-drone for completing tasks has less energy utilization. Since the drone count increased, it appears that flight safety problems such as collisions between the drones, and an enhanced multi-UAV collision-resistant approach related to the enhanced artificial potential domain were devised. [PERSON] et al. [13] modeled a whale optimization algorithm-related optimized link state routing (WOA-OLSR) over a flying ad hoc network (FANET) for providing optimum routing for secure and energy-efficient FANET. The efficacy of OLSR can be improvised with the help of WOA and assessed performance displays superior efficacy of WOA-OLSR.  
In [14], the optimal CH selection depends upon blockchain (BC) transactions, residual energy (RE), mobility, online duration, connectivity, and reputation by utilizing improved artificial bee colony optimization (IABC). The presented IABC uses two distinct search equations for onlooker bee and employee bee for enhancing exploitation abilities and convergence rate. In addition, a lightweight BC consensus technique, the AI-proof of witness consensus algorithm (AI-PoWCA) can be projected that employs the optimal CH for mining. In [15], drones that can act as mobile sinks were taken into account and prevailing work on wireless sensor network (WSN)-UAV atmosphere authentication was protracted. A secure authentication structure utilizing an elliptic-curve crypto-system was provided. The projected structure can be assessed to assure it is resilient to renowned potential assaults relevant to password guessing, data confidentiality, key impersonation, and mutual authentication.  
In [16], a secure and reliable routing protocol (SecRIP) for the FANET can be devised for reliable and efficient data communication. This script operates toward the improvement of the quality of experience (QoE) metrics and quality of service (QoS). The script operates on two methods: the dragonfly technique and the chaotic algae technique; such methods serve the functionalities of cluster management, selection, and data communication in intercluster. [PERSON] et al. [17] project a new routing approach as the extension of AntHocNet because of mobile features; it is called a flying nature-inspired method. Moreover, a case study was performed for improving the signal power with the help of modeled learning technique named decision tree (DT).