###### Abstract  
In response to the problem of no supporting equipment for the cultivation of Codonopsis in the hilly and mountainous areas of northwest China, a combined machine for transplanting outcrop of Codonopsis with micro ridges covered with film is designed. The key components of the prototype are analyzed and designed, and the structures and working parameters of the seedbed preparation device, seedling-casting device, rotary tillage soil-covering device, film-covering device, seedling head burial, and film edge soil-covering device are determined. The transmission system scheme is established, and the working mechanism of the core components is analyzed. Field experiments show that when the target seedling spacing is 4.4 cm and the machine moves forward at a speed of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 m/s, the variation coefficient of planting spacing and the qualification rate of planting depth meet the standard requirements. The qualified rate of planting posture and film side outcrop are greatly affected by the operating speed of the machine and decrease with the increase in operating speed. When the operating speed reaches 0.1 m/s, the average variation coefficient of planting spacing is 0.08% and the average qualified rate of planting depth, planting posture and film side outcrop is 95.83%, 94.17%, and 93.33%, respectively, which shows that the operating performance is better than that of the operating speeds of 0.15 m/s and 0.2 m/s. This study provides a new reference for the theoretical research and design of mechanized and automated transplanting machinery for Codonopsis seedlings. m 202 According to the falling posture of seedlings, transplanting mode can be divided into vertical planting, horizontal planting and oblique planting. In order to meet the planting mode and agronomic requirements of different plants, researchers have made many innovations and carried out studies on transplanting machines. The self-propelled pepper transplanter designed by [PERSON] et al. [4] has reduced the breakage rate of plastic film caused by working parts and improved the upright degree of seedling transplanting by analyzing and designing the working speed of the gear-driven direct insert mechanism. [PERSON] et al. [5] proposed a self-propelled fully automatic rice transplanter, which combined mechanical, electrical, and pneumatic technologies to realize the automatic feeding and transplanting process of vegetable seedlings, greatly improving the planting efficiency. [PERSON] et al. [6] designed a vegetable single-row transplanting device using mechatronics technology based on tomatoes, which can meet the high-speed transplanting requirements of vegetable seedlings. The above models are mainly used for vertical transplanting of vegetables and other crops. Other scholars carried out horizontal mechanized transplanting of some crops. [PERSON] et al. [7] designed a horizontal sweet potato transplanting machine to achieve horizontal transplanting of naked sweet potato seedlings, which saved labor and improved planting quality. In view of the oblique transplanting mode of naked seedlings, [PERSON] et al. [8] developed the oblique transplanting device for Salvia militorhiza film, [PERSON] et al. [9] developed the automatic transplanting machine for naked sweet potato seedlings based on pre-treatment seedlings, and [PERSON] et al. [10] developed the liquorice oblique transplanting ditch cutter. Mulching is essential in the process of spot seedling transplanting in drylands. The compound operation machine designed by [PERSON] et al. [11] integrates holes, in-hole fertilization, transplanting, water injection and soil covering in the hole, and mulching, which meets the requirements of mulching and drought resistance, but the film needs to be broken and seedlings be released in the later stage of planting. [PERSON] et al. [12] designed a dryland canaltoupe transplanting machine, which realized the precise formation of soil in the seeding hole and solved the problem of transplanting dryland canaltoupe.