## 5 Artificial Intelligence and the Impact on the Three Knowledge Areas  
According to the experts' impact estimates, it is clear that AI will have an impact on all of the three knowledge areas in the next ten years. The overall impact estimates for each of the three knowledge areas were found by using the average scoring percentage for the statements. This indicates that AI would impact project schedule management the most, where 61% of the experts believe AI to have a very high or significant impact on that knowledge area. Similar results were attained for project cost management and project risk management, where the scores were 52% and 56%, respectively. Only 9% believed AI to have a very low or insignificant impact on project risk management, and 78% believed AI to have a moderate or significant impact. Overall, the experts agreed that AI will have more impact on schedule and risk management as compared to cost management. The overall impact on each of the three knowledge areas is presented in Table 5 below. The total scoring for the statements can be found in Table A2 in Appendix B. The experts were asked how they see project management developing in the next ten years. They all agreed that the project manager will never be replaced by AI. Human skills, intuition and experience will always be an important part of the profession. AI can feed the project manager with information, but the project manager has to know how to use it. AI makes it possible for project managers to focus on more complicated and specific tasks, which are often involved with the project team. Communication is the hard part, but a good project manager has good interpersonal skills. The human factor becomes important when all this technology is available, and using tools like AI will make project managers even better at their job. It makes their profession more powerful and enjoyable by eliminating routine tasks that may be complicated, such as extensive projects, where it is hard to monitor everything and compile data. AI without human oversight is not good because AI does not have human judgement. Figure 6: AI impact estimates on project risk management. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Very Much** & **Significantly** & **Moderate** & **Insignificantly** & **Very Little** & **Don’t Know** \\ \hline Project Schedule Management & 20\% & 41\% & 27\% & 13\% & 0\% & 0\% \\ \hline Project Cost Management & 19\% & 33\% & 28\% & 15\% & 3\% & 2\% \\ \hline Project Risk Management & 12\% & 44\% & 34\% & 7\% & 2\% & 1\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: An overview of AI impact estimates for the three knowledge areas. Based on the experts' answers, AI is already being used in scheduling in other fields; an example mentioned was a scheduler for robots on Mars. Scheduling is a large area within project management, and it is believed to be simple to make schedules for any kind of project to maximize utility. AI will be useful to collect, analyze, update and monitor schedules and tackle more tasks at once, and AI will most likely have a very high impact here in the next ten years. However, cognitive biases must be considered when designing AI software for scheduling. When considering project cost management, humans tend to estimate poorly, often due to cognitive biases, which can be expensive. However, if data are available from previous projects, they can be used to make a budget proposal. The project manager does not always decide on the cost, the cost is often defined in advance, which is a possible limitation for using AI in cost management. Today, project risk management is rather subjective in practice--according to the experts. However, AI is believed to reduce risk affinity if historical data are available. AI is also believed to be useful in risk analyses, but the data need to be significant and comparable to be able to use it. There are optimization methods available today that would be easy to expand and make more adaptive to react to changes if the system were more alive.