## 5 Design Comparisons of Web Bearing Capacity with Current Design Codes
This shows that this design code is too unconservative as much as 34% to predict web-bearing capacities. To assess the reliability of the current and new design equations, a reliability analysis is conducted. As per AISI S100-16 [31], a design equation reliably is used for cold-formed steel component design when the reliability index (\(\beta\)) is more than 2.5. The web-bearing capacity coefficients required to perform such analysis are given in Table F1 of AISI S100-16 [31]. From Table 4, the experimental average value (Pm) and coefficient of variations (V\({}_{\text{P}}\)) have been applied. The correcting factor (Cp), as well as the resisting factor (\(\varphi\)) equal to 0.85, were used as per guidelines from AISI S100-16 [31] for reliability index (\(\beta\)) determination. The detailed procedure and calculation guidelines have been presented in the AISI S100-16 [31] for more information. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Channel**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Failure Load**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Single Web Bearing Capacity**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Comparison**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & \(\mathbf{F_{F}}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{ASCE}}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{EURO}}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{F}/F_{ASCE}}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{F}/F_{EURO}}\) \\ \cline{2-6}  & \(\mathbf{(kN)}\) & \(\mathbf{(kN)}\) & \(\mathbf{(kN)}\) & \(\mathbf{(kN)}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{F}/F_{ASCE}}\) & \(\mathbf{F_{F}/F_{EURO}}\) \\ \hline C100\(\times\)50-41.50-N50 & 5.23 & 9.29 & 8.32 & 0.56 & 0.63 \\ C100\(\times\)50-41.50-N75 & 5.49 & 9.63 & 8.62 & 0.57 & 0.64 \\ C100\(\times\)50-41.50-N100 & 5.72 & 9.67 & 8.66 & 0.59 & 0.66 \\ C125\(\times\)50-41.50-N50 & 5.43 & 8.90 & 7.97 & 0.61 & 0.68 \\ C125\(\times\)50-41.50-N75 & 5.56 & 9.20 & 8.24 & 0.60 & 0.67 \\ C125\(\times\)50-41.50-N100 & 5.81 & 9.39 & 8.41 & 0.62 & 0.69 \\ C150\(\times\)60-42.0-N50 & 10.45 & 18.29 & 16.39 & 0.57 & 0.64 \\ C150\(\times\)60-42.0-N75 & 10.64 & 18.62 & 16.68 & 0.57 & 0.64 \\ C150\(\times\)60-42.0-N100 & 10.94 & 18.47 & 16.55 & 0.59 & 0.66 \\ C175\(\times\)60-42.0-N50 & 10.28 & 17.24 & 15.44 & 0.60 & 0.67 \\ C175\(\times\)60-42.0-N75 & 10.69 & 17.73 & 15.89 & 0.60 & 0.67 \\ C175\(\times\)60-42.0-N100 & 10.97 & 18.05 & 16.17 & 0.61 & 0.68 \\ C200\(\times\)75-43.0-N50 & 26.04 & 44.52 & 39.89 & 0.58 & 0.65 \\ C200\(\times\)75-43.0-N75 & 26.50 & 44.65 & 40.01 & 0.59 & 0.66 \\ C200\(\times\)75-43.0-N100 & 27.10 & 45.46 & 40.74 & 0.60 & 0.67 \\ C225\(\times\)75-43.0-N50 & 26.45 & 43.23 & 38.74 & 0.61 & 0.68 \\ C225\(\times\)75-43.0-N75 & 27.08 & 43.32 & 38.81 & 0.63 & 0.70 \\ C225\(\times\)75-43.0-N100 & 26.09 & 43.46 & 38.94 & 0.60 & 0.67 \\ C250\(\times\)75-43.0-N50 & 24.01 & 41.59 & 37.26 & 0.58 & 0.64 \\ C250\(\times\)75-43.0-N75 & 24.39 & 41.99 & 37.62 & 0.58 & 0.65 \\ C250\(\times\)75-43.0-N100 & 23.05 & 42.48 & 38.06 & 0.54 & 0.61 \\ \hline Mean value, (Pm) & & & & 0.59 & 0.66 \\ Coefficient of variation, (Vp) & & & & 0.04 & 0.03 \\ Reliability & & & & 0.42 & 0.88 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Comparison of laboratory web bearing capacities with design codes under IL loading scenario. As for reliability assessment, it is clear from Table 4 that the reliability index for SEI/ASCE-8 [25] is equal to 0.42 where it is less than the threshold of 2.5 for reliable design, indicating the SEI/ASCE-8 [25] is unreliable to use for the design of such channels. Accordingly, the reliability index for EN 1993-1-4 [26] is equal to 0.88. While it is slightly better than SEI/ASCE-8 [25], it is less than the threshold of 2.5, indicating that EN 1993-1-4 [26] is unreliable to use for the design of such channels. Assessing the suitability of the web-bearing equations in the current design codes, the results demonstrate that the SEI/ASCE-8 [25], and EN 1993-1-4 [26] design codes for stainless steel structural components could be generally unreliable and unconservative to use for austenitic stainless steel channels under localised web bearing interior loading, and thus, may lead to very unsafe design practice.