# Hierarchical Resource Management for Mega-LEO Satellite Constellation
## 1 Introduction
Through effective beam scheduling, interference with GEO satellites can be avoided, and on-demand services can be realized, significantly reducing coverage in areas without service and optimizing overall system performance. Due to the size and platform limitations of LEO satellites, their single-satellite capability are relatively constrained. Hence, multi-satellite collaborative service enhancement is crucial to LEO satellite constellation. This includes multi-satellite collaborative scheduling to compensate for gaps in coverage caused by interference avoidance with GEO satellites, as well as multi-satellite service enhancement to improve service capabilities in hotspot areas. The purpose of radio resource scheduling in the MLSCS is to enable dynamic multi-satellite collaborative scheduling of at SBSs based on global service demands and resource usage. Additionally, multi-satellite radio resource scheduling serves as an effective approach to address the limitations of single-satellite service capacity and achieve global high-speed data service. To date, there is no global architecture or comprehensive scheme for managing radio resource management in the MLSCS that can effectively schedule various radio resources from space to ground, including spectrum, beams, slots and power. Currently, the competition for spectra among different systems, satellites and beams, as well as the competition for power, slots, and bands among users, cannot be effectively coordinated. Additionally, the challenges of intra-system and inter-system interference, along with mobility management in a highly dynamic environment, have not been fully addressed. To enhance radio resource management in the MLSCS, the following objectives are essential: (1) analyze the correlation and influencing factors of radio resource management; (2) establish a uniform and comprehensive radio resource management architecture with effective strategies and processing procedures from the NCC to SBSs and user terminals; (3) analyze and arrange the functions and procedures of each component in the system; (4) propose detailed and feasible strategies, approaches, and algorithms for specific functions and procedures; and (5) establish an indicator system to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the resource scheduling architecture, strategies, approaches, and algorithms. Despite advancements in satellite communication, comprehensive resource management solutions remain underexplored. To date, there have been no comprehensive achievements in this area; current research primarily focuses on specific functions or modules. This gap motivates us to investigate these issues in this paper. We conduct a review of the existing literature on resource management in satellite communication networks and space information networks, particularly focusing on the MLSCS, and present the following contributions:  
* To design and propose a resource management architecture, strategies, approaches, and algorithms, the influencing factors for resource scheduling and usage are presented first. This understanding serves as the basis for subsequent proposals aimed at enhancing resource management in satellite communication networks. * We study and design a hierarchical resource management architecture (at the NCC, SBSs, and user terminals, respectively) according to resource distribution and application requirements at different levels, so that resource scheduling is more flexible, efficient, and real-time compared with unified implementation in the whole network. * As part of our research, the functions and procedures of each component will be analyzed and depicted in detail. * In this paper, we present the approaches and algorithms associated with the main components, functions, and procedures of our proposed system. These methodologies aim to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in resource management.