## 7 Applications
Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction (DFPSE) was applied using sol-gel Carbowax 20M material, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This approach was evaluated for the extraction of a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from environmental water samples. Different experimental parameters affecting the extraction were investigated and optimized. Best performance was achieved using ethyl acetate as elution solvent. Recovery rates were higher than 60% for most of the compounds, with the exception of the most polar ones (between 8% and 38%). The analytical method was validated and applied to river water, effluent and influent wastewater, and good performance was obtained. The analysis of samples revealed the presence of some PPCPs at low ng L\({}^{-1}\) concentrations. [PERSON] et al. in 2016 [PERSON] et al. (2016) in order to investigate the migration of additives added to food packaging materials to food in contact with them during storage and shelf life, developed a novel simple, fast, and sensitive analyte extraction method based on fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), followed by analysis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry detection (UPLC-MS). The method was applied to the analysis of 18 common non-volatile plastic additives. Three FPSE media coated with different sol-gel sorbents characterized by different polarities, including sol-gel poly(dimethyl siloxane) (sol-gel PDMS), sol-gel PEG, and sol-gel PTHF, were investigated, and all showed very satisfactory results. Analytes with low logP values (polar analytes) showed higher enrichment factors (EFs), especially with sol-gel PTHF and sol-gel PEG membrane. For compounds with high logP values (nonpolar compounds), the use of sol-gel PDMS improved the enrichment capacity. For compounds with low logP values (logP \(<\) 5), sol-gel PEG coated FPSE media showed higher enrichment factors. Sol-gel PTHF coated FPSE media, with an intermediate polarity, showed the best EFs values. Ten compounds obtained enrichment factors above 3 with sol-gel PTHF coated FPSE membrane, whereas for sol-gel PDMS or sol-gel PEG, only six compounds were above this value. Acetonitrile showed best desorption efficiency yielding recoveries over 70% for 13 out of 18 selected compounds in all FPSE media. [PERSON] et al. in 2017 [PERSON] et al. (2017) presented a novel sampling device that integrates air sampling and preconcentration based on fabric phase sorptive extraction principles. The determination of the main components of the sexual pheromone of _Tuta absolute_ [(3E,8Z,11Z)-tetradacetrien-1-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-tetradacetrien-1-yl acetate] traces in environmental air in tomato crops has been selected as a model system. A laboratory-built unit made up of commercial brass elements as a holder of the sol-gel coated fabric extracting phase was designed and optimized. The unit proved to efficiently work under sampling and analysis modes which eliminated any need for sorptive phase manipulation prior to instrumental analysis. In the sampling mode, the unit is connected to a sampling pump to pass the air through the sorptive phase under controlled flowrate. In the analysis mode, the unit is placed in the gas chromatograph autosampler without any instrumental modification, thus eliminating the risk of cross contamination between sampling and analysis. The limits of detection for both compounds resulted to be 1.6 \(\upmu\)g and 0.8 \(\upmu\)g.  
Three different fabric phases coated with sol-gel PEG, sol-gel PTHF, and sol-gel PDMDPS were evaluated for the extraction of two sexual pheromomes components from a gaseous standard. The results indicated that the sol-gel PDMDPS proved to show optimum results. In fact, the results confirmed the expected behavior considering the high hydrophobicity (log K\({}_{\mathrm{o/w}}\) are 5.76 and 6.28 for component A and B, respectively) of the target compounds. [PERSON] et al. in 2017 [PERSON] et al.