## 4 Use Cases and Application Scenarios of Internet of Emergency Services
### Industrial Accident  
The Industrial Accident scenario in the Internet of Emergency Services (IoES) refers to situations where an accident or incident occurs in an industrial or workplace environment, requiring immediate response and assistance [67, 107]. In such scenarios, the IoES can play a crucial role in ensuring an effective emergency response and minimizing the impact of the incident on both personnel and the environment. One example of the Industrial Accident scenario is a chemical spill in a factory or plant. When such an incident occurs, the safety of personnel and the surrounding environment must be ensured, and the spill must be contained and cleaned up as quickly and efficiently as possible. The IoES can assist in this scenario by facilitating rapid communication and coordination between the factory or plant management, emergency services, and cleanup crews. Another example is a machinery malfunction in a manufacturing plant, which could lead to injury or even death of workers if not addressed promptly. The IoES can assist in this scenario by providing real-time information on the status of the malfunctioning equipment, enabling prompt and effective repair or replacement, and preventing further harm to workers. The IoES can also be used in proactive measures to prevent industrial accidents, such as by monitoring equipment and systems for potential issues or hazards and alerting workers or management before an incident occurs. For example, sensors can be deployed to detect leaks or malfunctions in equipment, and automated alerts can be sent to workers or management, enabling them to take appropriate action before an incident occurs. Real-world examples of the use of IoES in industrial accident scenarios include the deployment of IoT sensors and cameras in factories and plants to monitor equipment and worker safety, the use of drones to survey and assess damage in hard-to-reach areas, and the use of cloud computing and AI to process data and provide real-time insights and analysis for emergency responders. An example of the Industrial Accident scenario in The Internet of Emergency Services (IoES) could be an explosion in a chemical plant that results in a fire and the release of hazardous materials into the environment. The explosion may damage the plant's communication systems, making it difficult for workers to call for help or for emergency responders to coordinate their efforts. The plant's sensors may detect the release of hazardous materials and transmit the data to the cloud for analysis. Further, we discuss a possible sequence of events in the Industrial Accident scenario (Figure 9):  
1. A chemical plant experiences an explosion and a fire, resulting in the release of hazardous materials. 2. The plant's communication systems are damaged, making it difficult for workers to call for help or for emergency responders to coordinate their efforts. 3. The plant's sensors detect the release of hazardous materials and transmit the data to the cloud for analysis. 4. The cloud analyzes the data and determines the extent of the hazard. 5. The cloud sends alerts to emergency responders, nearby hospitals, and other relevant parties, providing them with the necessary information about the hazard and the plant's location. 6. Emergency responders arrive at the scene and use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with sensors to collect data about the hazard and the surrounding environment. 7. The UAVs transmit the data to the cloud for analysis, which is used to develop an emergency response plan. 8. The cloud communicates the emergency response plan to the emergency responders and provides them with real-time data on the hazard and the surrounding environment. * Emergency responders use augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies to visualize the hazard and the environment, helping them to make informed decisions and take appropriate action. * Blockchain technology is used to record and manage emergency response activities, providing a secure and transparent record of the response efforts.