## Appendix D  
It is very important to define what the terms \"urban areas\", \"rural areas\", \"highways and main state roads\" and \"regional and local roads\" mean for the \"Coverage and Accessibility to users\" area, but also for the whole CTE model. After the analysis of cities, towns and settlements in many countries with different populations [55; 56; 57; 58], four levels have been defined with an additional level and with Urban Areas explanations:  
1. Urban Area 1 (multiplication sampling factor 4 compared to UA4): cities with more than 2% population of the total population in that country,
2. Urban Area 2 (multiplication sampling factor 3 compared to UA4): cities over 1% and up to 2% population of the total population in that country,
3. Urban Area 3 (multiplication sampling factor 2 compared to UA4): settlements/ municipalities over 0.5% and up to 1% population of the total population in that country,4. Urban Area 4: settlements/municipalities over 0.1% and up to 0.5% population of the total population in that country,
5. Urban Area A (multiplication sampling factor 4 compared to UA4): exceptions: economic, religious or touristic centers/settlements/municipalities that do not belong into the 1 st or 2 nd level of distribution. The term \"rural areas\" means uninhabited areas and populated areas with less than 0.1% of the total population of that country. The terms \"highways\", \"main state roads\" as well as \"regional roads\" and \"local roads\" are defined in the states and this distribution is applied in this model as well [63; 64; 65]. The first item in the fixed part of this area (the sixth item in the area) refers to the fiber connectivity of populated places, that is, the distribution and connectivity of locations within the country. This item indicates the potential of an individual telecom considering the physical connection of collations in one country as a basis for faster and better expansion of telecoms in the territory of the country, i.e., better and better availability of most or all products and services offered by that telecom. This item is described by the following equation:  
\[QoFO_{\text{St}}=\left(\frac{NoU\text{A}_{4}\cdot\text{F}_{U\text{A}4}}{Max \text{A}_{4}}+\frac{NoU\text{A}_{3}\cdot\text{F}_{U\text{A}3}}{Max\text{U} \text{A}_{3}}+\frac{NoU\text{A}_{2}\cdot\text{F}_{U\text{A}2}}{Max\text{U} \text{A}_{2}}+\frac{NoU\text{A}_{1}\cdot\text{F}_{U\text{A}1}}{Max\text{U} \text{A}_{1}}+\frac{NoU\text{A}_{A}\cdot\text{F}_{U\text{A}A}}{Max\text{U} \text{A}_{A}}\right)\cdot 0.1\]  
where is:  
* QoFOSt--The quality of connection of urban areas with optical fiber systems (at the state level),
* NoUAx = The number of populated places of the UAx category that are connected to the telecommunications system of the observed telecom operator by optical fiber infrastructure (x = A, 1, 2, 3 and 4),
* MaxUAx = The maximum number of inhabited places from categories UAx in that country (x = A, 1, 2, 3 and 4),
* Fx = factors that indicate the importance of a particular category of populated places in that country (x = A, 1, 2, 3 and 4). The sum of these factors is one (1). Factors F are calculated according to the size of the settlement (number of inhabitants), their economic importance, tourist potential, which means according to the potential that operator has in that area, considering the previously mentioned factors.