## 3 Results and Discussion
### MIC and MFC Determination  
The quantitative evaluation of the antifungal activity of S1, S2, S3 and S4 extracts was carried out. The effect of each extracts on the growth of all fungal strains was thus tested at different concentrations (0.078-20 mg/mL). The MIC and the MFC were determined and ratio of MFC/MIC was obtained (Table 3). The observed MIC values of the S1 (pomegranate peel) extract showed same values for the three strains: _Fusarium culmorum_ ISPAVE 21w, _Fusarium graminearum_ ISPAVE 271 and _Alternaria alternata_ CTM 10230 strains (0.312 mg/mL), while S2 (_Spirulina_) extract MIC value was about 0.156 mg/mL for all three strains. Some differences could be observed with previously reported literature. For example, [PERSON] et al. in 2015 stated that the ethanolic _Spirulina_ extracts exhibited antifungal activity against _A. niger_ at concentrations of 16, 35 and \(>\)35 mg/mL [50]. The MFC/MIC ratio was also calculated and an agent was considered fungicidal if the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio was \(\leq\)4 and fungistatic if the ratio was \(>\)4. MFC/MIC ratio indicated that S3 and S4 extracts showed interesting fungicidal effects on all studied pathogens fungi (Table 3). Comparing the mean of MIC and MFC values of all tested fungi strains, S3 and S4 exhibited approximately two times stronger inhibition than S1 and S2. Remarkably, S3 and S4 extracts exhibited the lowest ratio MFC/MIC values against all fungi with a value equal to 2 (Table 3). The combination of _Spirulina_ and pomergranate peel extracts showed a synergistic antifungal effect against all fungal strains. According to these observations, strong antifungal activity could be attributed to phenolic compounds (Table 1). Possible modes of action of phenolic compounds have been reported in different reviews [51; 52; 53; 54], however the mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. [PERSON] et al. in 2005 mentioned that the effect of phenolic compounds is concentration-dependent [51]. The authors reported that, at low concentration, phenols could affect enzyme activity negatively, especially of those associated with energy production, while at greater concentrations, protein denaturation could occur [51]. The effect of phenolic compounds on fungal growth and toxin production could be the result of cell permeability alteration, permitting the loss of macromolecules from the interior. They could also interact with membrane proteins, causing a deformation in their structure and functionality [51]. Once the phenolic compound crossed the cellular membrane, interactions with membrane enzymes and proteins would cause an opposite flow of protons, affecting cellular activity [51; 52; 53; 54]. Relationships between Phytochemical Content of Pomegranate Peel, Spirulina and Their Combinations and Antifungal Activities  
The correlation between phytochemical content (TPC, TFC and TAC) and antimycotoxicigenic fungal activities was investigated. Therefore, as shown in Table 4, for S1 samples, a significant negative correlation was found between TPC, TAC and five mycotoxicigenic fungi. This negative correlation was more significant for TAC in anti _F. oxysporum_ CTM10402 (\(r=-0.708\), \(p<0.05\)), anti _F. culmorum_ ISPAVE 21w (\(r=-0.861\), \(p<0.01\)) and _A. niger_ CTM 10099 (\(r=-0.837\), \(p<0.05\)) samples. These data consolidate our results shown in Table 1, in which the phenolic compounds (TFC) were rich in anthocyanins (TAC) for S1 samples. Our results are in agreement with those previously reported by [PERSON] et al. [55] where a correlations between TFC and the growth rates of _A. alternata_ (r = \(-0.85\), \(p<0.01\)) and _Fusarium_ spp., (r = \(-0.89\), \(p<0.05\)) was found. It is known that TPC, TAC and antibacterial activity are usually well correlated in red color-anthocyanin rich fruits [56]. Furthermore, contrary to the study of [PERSON] et al. [57], no significant correlation (\(p>0.05\)) was found between TPC, TAC and the yeast _Candida albicans_.