# Multiband and Lossless Compression of Hyperspectral Images
## 4 Experimental Results
### 1997 AVIRIS Dataset
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c|c c|c c|c c|c c|c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Scenes**} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{**Lunar Lake**} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{**Moffett Field**} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{**Jasper Ridge**} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{**Cuprite**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Low Altitude**} \\ \cline{2-11}  & **AC** & **PAQ8** & **AC** & **PAQ8** & **AC** & **PAQ8** & **AC** & **PAQ8** & **AC** & **PAQ8** \\ \hline Scene 01 & 5.0141 & 4.9707 & 5.0934 & 5.0462 & 5.0140 & 4.9658 & 4.9364 & 4.8929 & 5.3295 & 5.2879 \\ Scene 02 & 4.9689 & 4.9259 & 5.0172 & 4.9525 & 5.0072 & 4.9583 & 5.0326 & 4.9918 & 5.3491 & 5.3065 \\ Scene 03 & 4.9558 & 4.9111 & 4.8890 & 4.8064 & 5.0501 & 5.0005 & 4.9625 & 4.9204 & 5.2648 & 5.2221 \\ Scene 04 & _N.P._ & 5.1254 & 5.0715 & 5.0654 & 5.0200 & 5.0105 & 4.9693 & 5.2881 & 5.2451 \\ Scene 05 & _N.P._ & & _N.P._ & 5.0095 & 4.9624 & 5.0012 & 4.9608 & 5.3281 & 5.2866 \\ Scene 06 & _N.P._ & & _N.P._ & 5.0162 & 4.9639 & _N.P._ & 5.2707 & 5.2297 \\ Scene 07 & _N.P._ & & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & 5.2732 & 5.2326 \\ Scene 08 & _N.P._ & & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & _N.P._ & 5.2927 & 5.2552 \\ \hline Average & 4.9796 & 4.9359 & 5.0313 & 4.9692 &  
Comparison with other Approaches  
In order to compare the experimental results achieved by our approach, we consider the Compression Ratio (C.R.) as a measure for the compression performances. In detail, Table 10 reports the results achieved by considering several parameters on all the hyperspectral images of the used dataset. More precisely, the results are reported in terms of C.R. and they are compared with other state of the art lossless compression schemes. From the experimental results, it should be observed that LMBHI gets its best results by using two previous bands as references (_i.e._ when the following parameter is used: \(B=2\)), LMBHI outperforms, in average, all the other state of the art approaches. On the other hand, when only the previous band is used (_i.e._, when \(B=1\)), LMBHI outperforms all the compared state of the art techniques, with the exception of LPVQ. But, LPVQ is not suited for on board implementation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Methods/Images** & **Lunar Lake** & **Moffett Field** & **Jasper Ridge** & **Cuprite** & **Low Altitude** & **Average** \\ \hline \(3D\)-MBLP + PAQ8 (\(N=16\), \(B=2\)) & 3.31 & 3.27 & 3.26 & 3.30 & 3.09 & 3.25 \\ \(3D\)-MBLP + PAQ8 (\(N=8\), \(B=2\)) & 3.24 & 3.22 & 3.21 & 3.23 & 3.04 & 3.19 \\ \(3D\)-MBLP + PAQ8 (\(N=8\), \(B=1\)) & 3.22 & 3.20 & 3.21 & 3.23 & 3.03 & 3.18 \\ \(3D\)-MBLP + AC (\(N=16\), \(B=2\)) & 3.27 & 3.23 & 3.23 & 3.27 & 3.07 & 3.21 \\ \(3D\)-MBLP + AC (\(N=8\), \(B=2\)) & 3.21 & 3.18 & 3.18 & 3.21 & 3.02 & 3.16 \\ \(3D\)-MBLP + AC (\(N=8\), \(B=1\)) & 3.18 & 3.14 & 3.16 & 3.19 & 2.99 & 3.13 \\ \hline LPVQ & 3.31 & 3.01 & 3.12 & 3.27 & 2.97 & 3.14 \\ SLSQ & 3.15 & 3.14 & 3.15 & 3.15 & 2.98 & 3.11 \\ JPEG-2000 & 2.98 & 2.99 & 2.96 & 2.98 & 2.82 & 2.95 \\ LP & 3.05 & 2.88 & 2.94 & 3.03 & 2.76 & _2.93_ \\ JPEG-LS & 2.87 & 2.90 & 2.87 & 2.87 & 2.74 & _2.85_ \\ Diff. JPEG2000 & 2.94 & 2.83 & 2.82 & 2.92 & 2.69 & _2.84_ \\ Diff. JPEG-LS & 2.93 & 2.84 & 2.81 & 2.91 & 2.7 & _2.84_ \\ M-CALIC & 3.19 & 3.27 & 3.06 & 3.14 & N.D. & _N.D._ \\ CALIC-3D & 3.06 & 3.08 & 3.09 & 3.25 & N.D. & _N.D._ \\ LUT & 3.44 & 3.23 & 3.40 & 3.17 & N.D. & _N.D._ \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Compression results, in terms of compression ratio (C.R.) achieved by LMBHI (by using various parameter configurations), compared to other lossless compression methods. Figure 5: Graphical representation of the average results by using the PAQ8 scheme for the coding of the prediction errors. \(N=8\) (**a**) and \(N=16\) (**b**). In this latter case, our approach achieves better results with respect to LPVQ on three of the five hyperspectral images: Moffett Field, Jasper Ridge, and Low Altitude, but LPVQ gains on Cuprite and especially on Lunar Lake.