esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 4 CSAMT Experiment in the Jinding Lead-Zinc Deposit
### CSAMT Acquisition Design
#### 4.1.2 Acquisition Parameters  
The parameters for CSAMT field data acquisition mainly consist of two parts: transmitter parameters and receiver parameters. The transmitter operating parameters primarily include the transmitter position (transmitter-receiver distance), dipole length: AB, ground resistance: RAB, transmitting current: I, and transmitting frequency: f. The receiver operating parameters mainly include the measurement mode, receiver MN length, and acquisition time.  
For this CSAMT field measurement, the transmitter dipole is AB = 2.25 km, and the ground resistance is RAB = 20 \(\Omega\)m. To ensure an exploration depth exceeding 1 km, based on the previous forward modeling parameters, the transmitter-receiver distance is set to between 10.8 km and 14.2 km. The transmitting frequency ranges from 7680 Hz to 0.9375 Hz, with a total of 52 frequency points. The dipole spacing is MN = 40 m. The CSAET method is adopted for the field CSAMT measurement, with six channels of electric field data and one channel of magnetic field data collected each time. Two sets of V8 multifunctional electrical instruments are used for field data acquisition.
_Article_  
**Characterisation of Seasonal _Mytilus edulis_  
**By-Products and Generation of**  
**Bioactive Hydrolysates**  
**[PERSON] 1**, **[PERSON] 2** and **[PERSON] 1,*  
Footnote 1: footnotemark:  
Received: 6 August 2020; Accepted: 25 September 2020; Published: 1 October 2020  
**Featured Application: Functional foods for humans with the potential to prevent diabetes through inhibition of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) enzyme.**  
**Abstract:** Mussel cultivation results in tons of by-product, with 27% of the harvest considered as reject material. In this study, mussel by-products considered to be undersized (mussels with a cooked meat yield \(<\)30%), mussels with broken shells and barnacle-fouled mussels were collected from three different locations in the west, north-west and south-west of Ireland. Samples were hydrolys using controlled temperatures and agitation, and the proteolytic enzyme Protamex(r) was added at an enzyme:substrate ratio of 1:50 (_w:v_). The hydrolysates were freeze-dried and analysed for protein content and amino acid composition, lipid content and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition, ash and techno-functional and bioactive activities. The degree of hydrolysis was determined using the Adler-Nissen pH stat method and was found to be between 2.41% \(\pm\) 0% and 7.55% \(\pm\) 0.6%. Mussel by-products harvested between February and May 2019 had protein contents ranging from 36.76% \(\pm\) 0.41% to 52.19% \(\pm\) 1.78%. The protein content of mussels collected from July to October (the spawning season) ranged from 59.07% \(\pm\) 1.375% to 68.31% \(\pm\) 3.42%. The ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids varied from 0.68-0.96 and it was highest for a sample collected in November from the west of Ireland. All the hydrolysate samples contained omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are known anti-inflammatory agents. Selected hydrolysates which had angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE-I; EC 3.4.15.1) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV; EC 3.4.14.5) inhibitory activities were filtered using 3-kDa membrane filtration and the permeate fraction was sequenced using mass spectrometry (MS). Identified peptides were >7 amino acids in length. Following BIOPEP database mining, 91% of the by-product mussel peptides identified were found to be previously identified DPP-IV and ACE-I inhibitory peptides, and this was confirmed using in vitro bioassays. The ACE-I inhibitory activity of the by-product mussel hydrolysates ranged from 22.23% \(\pm\) 1.79% to 86.08% \(\pm\) 1.59% and the most active hydrolysate had an ACE-I inhibitory concentration (IC\({}_{50}\)) value of 0.2944 mg/mL compared to the positive control, captopril. This work demonstrates that by-product mussel hydrolysates have potential for use as health-promoting ingredients.  
**Keywords:** mussel by-products; _Mytilus edulis_; meat yield; protein hydrolysate; bioactivity; dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV); angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibition; acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
# Supporting Elderly People by Ad Hoc Generated Mobile Applications Based on Vocal Interaction
## 1 Introduction  
The elderly population is continuously growing and the World Health Organisation (WHO) foresees that its number will reach two billion by 2050. This population should live in the best way at home, in an autonomous way, well-being [2]. Smart home technologies are seen as a very promising support to in-home daily assistance by introducing automated control and assistive services [3] and by supporting context awareness (the capability of perceiving the surrounding physical environment and of adapting behavior accordingly). Multimodal interfaces are a key factor to improving the usability and accessibility of these systems to people with sensory limitations and elderly people [4, 5]. In addition, the design of a smart home should depend on user requirements and living styles, and, consequently, has to be customized to the user [3].  
The MicroApp Generator [1] is a system for generating mobile applications running directly on the mobile devices. It exploits a graphical service composition approach for composing applications starting from services that can be provided by the device (i.e., make a call to a specific number), web services available on the web (i.e., get the weather forecasts) or Internet of Things (IoT) services (i.e., turn off the air conditioner). In this paper, we extend the MicroApp Generator features that the caregiver of an elderly person may exploit to create for him an ambient assisting app that works also with vocal interaction. We provide some examples of MicroApps that can be exploited for supporting elderly people during their life at home, for their safety, including remote access, control features, and cross device notifications. We also let a sample of seventy elder people use the system and evaluate their user experience.  
The rest of the paper is structured as follows: Section 2 discusses related work, while Section 3 summarizes the main MicroApp Generator features; Section 4 presents the vocal interaction extension of the MicroApp Generator; Section 5 reports the preliminary evaluation we conducted and, finally, Section 6 concludes the paper.
# A Multi-Technology Communication Platform for Urban Mobile Sensing
## 2 Related Works
### MAC in LoRa
Besides an improved communication range, the transceivers have unique features derived from the employed modulation schemes. Thus, when creating a network using these transceivers, their capabilities along with the specific network requirements should be taken into account in order to maximize the overall network performance. For instance, in a LoRaWAN network, nodes are not associated with a specific gateway. Instead, data transmitted by a node is typically received by multiple gateways, creating redundancy and the need to filter duplicated packets. Therefore, replacing the LoRaWAN MAC layer while keeping the chirp spread spectrum (CSS) physical layer is an attractive option to develop and evaluate new MAC protocols under this technology. An example of a replacement for the LoRaWAN MAC layer was proposed by [PERSON] et al. [24]. They designed and implemented LoRaBlink, a MAC protocol to support reliable and energy-efficient multi-hop communication along with low-latency bi-directional communication. The protocol uses time synchronization to define slotted channel access, where the nodes can transmit their data packets. As an important aspect, the authors assume low density, low traffic volume, and a limited number of nodes within the network. Following an evaluation over a network composed of six nodes over an outdoor environment, the authors, by exploring LoRa's interesting physical capabilities such as its long-range and its non-destructive concurrent transmissions, concluded that LoRa radios (with the physical (PHY) layer) can be used for IoT applications in more general network architectures than LoRaWAN. Table 2 summarizes the main features of the above mentioned LoRa MAC protocols, and correlates them with the multi-gateway MAC LoRa employed in our smart city platform.
# Smart Collaborative Caching for Information-Centric IoT in Fog Computing
## 3 Smart Collaborative Caching for IoT
### Preliminary Foundation  
Driven by the requirements of SCC, our scheme is established based on a test of time solution: Chord [56]. We first introduce the shared concepts. Then the details of SCC will be proposed by considering the typical characteristics of an information-centric IoT. Relevant algorithms will also be presented. Only one operation was supported in the Chord protocol: _Map a key onto a node._ Let us assume that the key identifier is a fixed length \"abbreviation\" of original key (a file, a web page, a name, and so on). The node identifier is a fixed length \"abbreviation\" of a network node (a router, a switcher, a server, and so on). By using a hash function, one could easily map the original key into an \(m\)-bit key identifier. The associated network node information like IP address, MAC address, serial number, and so on, could be selected as the hash function input to generate the \(m\)-bit node identifier. For simplification, the term \"key\" (\"node\") will refer to both the original key (network node) and key (node) identifier under the hash function. _Consistent hashing_ is adopted to ensure each node will be in charge of roughly the same number of keys, which is useful not only for averaging the burden of nodes, but also for reducing large-scale key migration. Chord further enhance the scalability of consistent hashing by maintaining a small number of routing items in each node. If there are \(N\) nodes in the network, both the information of other nodes and lookup message of one request are \(O(\log N)\). _Identifier circle, successor, and predecessor_ are three significant elements in Chord. Both the key and node are sharing the same identifier circle space. All identifiers are anticlockwise placed in a circle based on their value modulo \(2m\). Key \(k\) will be assigned to the first node whose identifier is equal to or bigger than \(k\). This node is named successor node of key \(k\), expressed by a successor (\(k\)). If the key belongs to \(0\) to \(2m-1\), actually the successor (\(k\)) is just the first node clockwise from \(k\). The first node whose identifier is smaller than \(k\) is named predecessor node of key \(k\), expressed by predecessor (\(k\)). Similarly, the predecessor (\(k\)) is just the first node anticlockwise from \(k\). The _Finger Table_ is an essential element stored in each node. It is a particular routing table which contains \(m\) items at most. Each item records a mapping relationship between one interval and one successor node who is in charge of this range. The interval is the circular range separated by multiple break points. As long as a specific node \(n\) is provided, the identifier of each break point could be easily calculated based on:  
\[\left(n+2^{k-1}\right)\bmod 2^{m},1\leq k\leq m \tag{1}\]  
Then the interval range will be generated automatically. Since not all the slots in a circle can be filled with nodes, one node might be mapped to multiple intervals.
## 2 Radiolabeled Tacrine and Its Derivatives Used in Alzheimer's Disease
### Radiotracers Based on Tacrine
The results of these studies showed that the tacrine concentration in the brain after intranasal administration was significantly higher than after intravenous administration. The authors concluded that nasal-to-brain administration of tacrine may provide an alternative route to the currently used oral route, which is limited by tacrine's low bioavailability and pronounced side effects. [PERSON] et al. continued to study tacrine delivery to the brain via the nasal route using other tacrine formulations [25]. It is known that, in nasal drug administration, the application of microemulsion and mucoadhesive agent, due to the small size of the globules and their lipophilicity, effectively improves the delivery process of a drug by increasing the retention of formulations at the absorption site. The authors prepared and characterized tacrine solution (TS), tacrine microemulsion (TME) and tacrine mucoadhesive microemulsion (TMME) and assessed their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in the process of tacrine delivery to the brain. Then, similarly to previous studies [24], all three tacrine formulations were labeled with \"99 mTc radionuclide to obtain the radiopreparations [99 mTc]Tc-TS, [99 mTc]Tc-TME and [99 mTc]Tc-TMME. As before, the stability of all three radio tracers was tested in normal saline solution and in mouse serum as well as in a challenge experiment with DTPA. Using different routes of administration (intranasal (IN) and intravenous (IV)) and all three radiotracers, the authors performed biodistribution studies in mice and \(\gamma\)-scintigraphy imaging studies in rabbits. Analyzing the results obtained in all studies (for TS, TME, TMME, [99 mTc]Tc-TS, [99 mTc]Tc-TMME and IN or IV administration), the authors showed that, in the case of intranasal administration, the accumulation of a given tacrine formulation (TS, TME, TMME, [99 mTc]Tc-TS, [99 mTc]Tc-TME and [99 mTc]Tc-TMME) in the brain and the brain/blood ratio was higher than in the case of intravenous administration. They also showed that the most efficient transport of tacrine to the brain was observed in the case of TMME-based preparations, followed by TME-based preparations, and the lowest was observed in the case of TS-based preparations. The results of the study by [PERSON] et al. suggest that the intranasal administration of an appropriate tacrine formulation may minimize gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects and may play an important role in the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Concise information concerning radiotracers based on tacrine is presented in Table 1.
## 4 Discussion
In particular, the level of COX-2 expression in DMN with curcumin treatment was higher than normal liver, but COX-2 expression in the level of the DMN + AAE group was similar to normal liver in this study. We can infer that AAE may have a similar or better ameliorating effect on liver cirrhosis than curcumin. The contrast of electrical conductivity is primarily determined by the concentration and mobility of ions constituting the tissue [21]. Liver cirrhosis is closely related to changes in the extracellular compartments as well as hepatocytes, the electrical conductivity can provide sensitive information on tissue condition before and after treatments. In addition, conductivity is a material property with an absolute value, it is possible to quantify the difference in tissue condition between the experimental groups. In our results, the conductivity of the DMN-only group was lower than that of the normal liver group by more than 20%, but within 10% of the DMN + AAE group. [PERSON] et al. reported that, depending on the degree of fibrosis progression, the electrical conductivity was decreased due to the damaged tissues, anisotropy, and liver stiffness of fibrosis [8]. In contrast, [PERSON] et al. reported that the conductivity was increased in the fibrous regions due to the changes in the extracellular compartments [25]. However, conductivity decreased at the stage of advanced liver cirrhosis, which was affected by the decreased amount of water, the restriction of ion mobility, and limited additional collagen deposition in the stage of advanced liver cirrhosis. When comparing the effects between the DMN + AAE and DMN + Lac groups, the conductivity of the DMN + AAE group was closer to that of normal liver than that of the DMN + Lac group. Following the contrast mechanism of electrical conductivity [21], the high conductivity in DMN + AAE than that of DMN + Lac group indicates that the tissue damages by DMN is relatively small. This means that the electrical property of the DMN + AAE group was closer to the tissue condition of normal liver. Based on the results from electrical conductivity and immunohistochemical analysis, AAE treatments showed a potential for the hepato-protective effect against liver cirrhosis. Future studies through comparison with large samples and other herbal extracts are required to clearly identify the mechanism of the antifibrotic effect of AAE.
# Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China's Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions
## 3 Results of Performance Evaluation
### Results of Adjusting Aspect Ratio of Courtyard  
Based on different considerations of its northern enclosing walls, in the initial design, the northern enclosing wall of the house is low, and there is no rear patio space, while in the improved design, the northern enclosing wall of the house rises, and there is a rear patio. This study analyzed the impact on the indoor wind environment under different meteorological conditions in the two designs in both winter and summer.  
The same climate parameters and simulation software mentioned in Section 3.1 is used to improve the aspect ratio of the courtyard. Evaluation results of the summer monsoon environment from Figure 9 show that the northern enclosing wall is low, the patio is too low, and the effect of thermal pressure inducing the wind is weak in summer in the initial design. Therefore, the improved design raises the northern enclosing wall, together with the roof eave, forming a rear patio. In summer, the air at the opening of the rear patio rises after being heated and pulls the air from the bottom of the patio upward, so that the thermal effect increases ventilation. In the improved design, the wind speed in the rear patio space ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 m/s, within the human comfort range.  
Evaluation results of the winter wind environment from Figure 10 show that the northern enclosing wall is low in the initial design. The wind blows from the northwest to the building in winter, and there is no necessary obstruction on the northern side. This leaves the entire courtyard building vulnerable to the high-speed cold air, which reduces thermal insulation in the residential environment. After the northern enclosing wall is raised and improved, most of the cold wind is obstructed--the indoor wind speed of the building on the northern side declines tremendously in comparison with the wind speed in the initial design, thus ensuring a desirable thermal environment in winter. The comparative analysis of the wind environment in the initial design and the improved design in winter and summer shows that a solid wall to enclose a patio on the northern side of the house increases ventilation due to the interplay of both wind and thermal pressure. In addition, enclosing the patio with a solid wall on the northern side of the house can help to keep cold wind from penetrating indoor spaces in winter.  
Figure 9: The sectional plan of the wind speed contour in summer under the initial design (**top**) and improved design (**below**).
# An Overview on Deep Learning Techniques for Video Compressive Sensing
## 2 Compressive Sensing
### Sensing Matrix  
One of the most interesting research directions in compressive sensing is the construction of the sensing matrices. Indeed, the sensing matrix must satisfy some constraints. Firstly, it should be coherent with the sparsifying matrix \(\Psi\) to capture the salient information of the initial signal with the minimum number of projections. Secondly, it may satisfy the restricted isometry property (RIP) to preserve the original signal main information in the compression process. However, it has been proved in [13] that RIP property is not always required to hold neither the sparsity level in a CS context, nor the random model of a signal. In addition, for real-time applications and low power requirements, we should design low complexity and hardware friendly sensing matrices. In most works, especially for those who are focusing on the reconstruction stage, the problem of the sampling matrix is not discussed since it is chosen as a random matrix such as Gaussian or Bernoulli matrix which meets the restricted isometry property (RIP) of CS. Although random matrices are easy to implement and can ensure better reconstruction results, they have many disadvantages. In fact, they require a large storage resources and the recovery process may be difficult when dealing with large signal dimensions [14]. It can also be chosen as circulant sensing matrix [15]. However, other researchers use some features of the original input to design these matrices which is known as data-driven sampling matrix design. Other works are oriented to binary and bipolar sampling matrices that can be easily implemented on hardware devices and they do not require large computation resources.
## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Chemicals, Cells, and Cultures  
We purchased all standards from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA) for our analysis. The set of phenolic acid standards included gallic acid, protocatechic acid, chlorogenic acid, \(p\)-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, vanillin, \(p\)-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, sinapic acid, cinnamic acid, and gentisic acid. Additionally, we utilized five flavonoid standards: rutin, quercetin, apigenin, kaempfer, and myricetin. For amino acid determination, we employed twenty standard compounds (arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine). The standards of Tocopherol (\(\delta\)-tocopherol, \(\gamma\)-tocopherol, and \(\alpha\)-tocopherol) and \(\gamma\)-oryzanol were also used. The chemicals of analytical grade included \(n\)-hexane, acetone, and hydrochloric acid. The solvent of chromatography analysis involved acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid as HPLC grade.  
The Human oral epithelial carcinoma cell line (KB), Human cervical cancer cell line (Hela), and normal Vero cell line (African Green Monkey Kidney) were acquired from ATCC. Vero and KB cell lines were cultured in Eagle's minimal essential medium, while Hela cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. The media were supplemented with 1% (\(v/v\)) antibiotic and 10% (\(v/v\)) fetal bovine serum, and the cell cultures were maintained in a CO\({}_{2}\) incubator at 37 \({}^{\circ}\)C.