## 2 Seismicity of the Selected Countries
### Bosnia and Herzegovina  
Bosnia and Herzegovina is located in the central part of the Dinaridic Mountain System [56]. The location of Mediterranean is characterized by various types of faults that have been identified in this region. The Adriatic coast and the Dinarides are specific for reverse faults, while normal faults are mainly identified in the Apennine Peninsula. The fault plane solution for major earthquakes in Adria has been presented by [PERSON] et al. [57], while obtaining data from various sources; [PERSON] et al. [58], [PERSON] et al. [59], [PERSON] et al. [60], [PERSON] et al. [61], and Harvard [62]. As stated in the article in [63], quote: \"It is evident that with the increase of population in seismically prone areas, urban areas are becoming more vulnerable to seismic risk. Record losses were registered in 2011 [64] after earthquakes that hit Japan and New Zealand, for developed countries with a high degree of earthquake disaster awareness and preparedness. In absolute terms, the costliest disasters happen in the most developed countries, however, with respect to their GDP, it was limited to a few percentage points [65]. The analysis showed that countries of middle income in the last two decades were at a higher risk in comparison to the countries with low and high GDP. From the available data [65], Bosnia and Herzegovina falls into lower-middle-income.\" \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Date**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Lat.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Lon.**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Magnitude**} & **Loss of** & **Damaged** & **Loss of Life/Damaged** & \multirow{2}{*}{**Location**} \\ \cline{5-6}  & & & **Mb** & **Ms** & **Mw** & **Life** & **Buildings** & **Buildings** & \\ \hline
1 & 26/11/2019 & 41.51\({}^{\circ}\) & 19.52\({}^{\circ}\) & 6.4 & 52 & \(\sim\)90,000 & 0.0006 & Durrés/Albania \\
2 & 26/11/2019 & 41.51\({}^{\circ}\) & 19.52\({}^{\circ}\) & 6.4 & 52 & \(\sim\)90,000 & 0.0006 & Durrés/Albania \\
3 & 21/09/2019 & 41.43\({}^{\circ}\) & 19.71\({}^{\circ}\) & 5.6 & - & 120 & - & Durrés/Albania \\
4 & 09/01/1988 & 41.20\({}^{\circ}\) & 19.80\({}^{\circ}\) & 5.9 & - & 188 & - & Tirana/Albania \\
5 & 15/04/1979 & 42.096\({}^{\circ}\) & 19.209\({}^{\circ}\) & 6.9 & 136 & \(\sim\)1000 & 0.14 & Shkoder/Albania \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Data of selected earthquakes in Albania. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Earthquake**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Station**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Year**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Earthquake**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**PGA(g)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Seismic Risk Zone**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**(A(g)**)**} \\  & & & & **(Mw)** & & **(As Per KTP-N.2-89)** & & \\ \hline
1 & Albania & Tirana & 2019 & 6.4 & 0.11 & High & 0.30 \\
2 & Albania & Durrés & 2019 & 6.4 & 0.12 & High & 0.28–030 \\
3 & Albania & Tirana & 2019 & 5.6 & 0.18 & High & 0.32–0.36 \\
4 & Albania & Tirana & 1988 & 5.4 & 0.40 & High & 0.28–0.30 \\
5 & Albania & Shkoder & 1979 & 6.9 & 0.46 & High & 0.30 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Comparison of the measured and suggested PGA values of the selected earthquakes for Albania. Taking into account the high density of the population, high level of vulnerability of buildings, and moderate to high in some locations PGA results in a high risk of earthquakes in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the Zagreb 2020 earthquakes, the engineering community awakened regarding the potential risk and level of devastation to the existing building stock in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It should be mentioned that the last devastating earthquake that hit Zagreb was in 1880. Then, 140 years later, the Zagreb 2020 earthquake and Petrinja earthquake occurred and had a major effect on the building and clearly showed the high vulnerability of the existing stock. It is important to state that the Pokupsko- Petrinja Fault is oriented in the NW-SE direction within the Eurasian plate.