## 3 Results
### Effects of the 80% EtOH Extracts of BR, BRB, and MBR on Anti-Obesity and Anti-Obesogenic Activities  
Based on previous experimental results, we selected the 80% EtOH extracts of BR, BRB, and MBR with the best antioxidant activities for in vitro experiments. The results of the XTT assay indicated no significant differences between the treatment groups and the control group, and the experimental groups at a concentration of 400 \(\upmu\)g/mL had no cytotoxic effects on 3T3-L1 cells (Figure 4A). Therefore, BR, BRB, and MBR extracts in 80% EtOH at a concentration of 400 \(\upmu\)g/mL were selected for further experiments. Lipid accumulation was determined using ORO staining. As N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits lipid accumulation, it was used as a positive control group [14]. The results suggested that lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 cells treated with 400 \(\upmu\)g/mL of BR, BRB, and MBR extracts was 93.16%, 96.67%, and 100.01%, respectively. The 80% EtOH extract of BR significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids (Figure 4B). Therefore, the anti-obesity effect of the 80% EtOH extract of BR was demonstrated. No cytotoxicity was observed when the 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 20 \(\upmu\)M BPA or 400 \(\upmu\)g/mL of BR, BRB, or MBR (Figure 4C). ORO staining was performed to confirm the effects of BR, BRB, and MBR on BPA-induced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. The cells in the MDI (DEX-treated group) control group exhibited intense staining, which suggested a significant accumulation of lipids. In contrast, lipid accumulation was significantly reduced in the MI (without 1.0 \(\upmu\)M DEX) control group compared with that in the MDI group. When treated with 20 \(\upmu\)M BPA, lipid accumulation increased to 75.23%, indicating that BPA promotes adipogenesis. However, when BPA-induced cells were treated with 400 \(\upmu\)g/mL of the 80% EtOH extract of BR, BRB, or MBR, lipid accumulation reduced to 48.82% and 56.30% in the cases of BR and BRB, respectively, both of which could inhibit lipid accumulation in adipocytes, with BR showing the most significant inhibitory effect (Figure 4D). Figure 3: Heatmap of the correlation coefficients between the total phenolic (TP) content, total flavonoid (TF) content, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS radical-scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and bioactive compounds of the 80% EtOH and DW extracts of BR, BRB, and MBR. Blue and red colors indicate negative and positive correlations between individual parameters. Significant correlation differences are represented by a white asterisk, * \(p<0.05\) and ** \(p<0.01\). Effects of the 80% EtOH Extract of BR on Adipogenesis and Lipolysis-Related Proteins in BPA-Induced 3T3-L1 Cells  
To determine the effect of the 80% EtOH extract of BR on adipogenesis-related proteins in BPA-induced 3T3-L1 cells, we measured the levels of PPAR-\(\gamma\), C/EBP-\(\alpha\), and FAS proteins using Western blot analysis. Garcinia cambogia (GAR) was used as the positive control group. As shown in Figure 5A-C, the levels of PPAR-\(\gamma\), C/EBP-\(\alpha\), and FAS were significantly increased in BPA-treated cells compared with those in the MI control group (without 1.0 uM DEX). However, when BPA-induced cells were treated with the 80% EtOH extract of BR, a significant decrease in the protein expression levels of FAS, C/EBP-\(\alpha\), and PPAR-\(\gamma\) was observed. Therefore, the 80% EtOH extract of BR significantly inhibited the expression levels of these markers. In addition, compared with the MI control group, the expression levels of lipolysis-related proteins (PGC-1\(\alpha\) and CPT-1) were reduced in the BPA-treated group (Figure 5D,E). However, treatment with the 80% EtOH extract of BR, the protein expression levels of PGC-1\(\alpha\) and CPT-1 were significantly increased.