## 3 Results and Discussion
### Microclimate Monitoring of La Specola Museum  
This section summarizes the main results of the microclimate monitoring in the La Specola museum. For each analyzed zone (rooms X and XXII), temporal profiles, minimum, medium, and maximum values, daily gradients, and the performance index of the monitored parameters are analyzed. Figures 17 and 18 show the time profiles of T and RH in the two monitored positions for the whole analyzed year (May 2012-April 2013) with respect to the corresponding outdoor values (EXT).  
Figure 16: Trend of historic climate hourly values of RH and statistical limits of 93 rd and seventh percentiles in position B vs. the range recommended by the Italian D.M. 10.05.2001 [16] (gray band).  
Figure 15: Trend of historic climate hourly values of RH and statistical limits of 93 rd and seventh percentiles in position A vs. the range recommended by the Italian D.M. 10.05.2001 [16] (gray band).  
The T and RH trends were similar for the two analyzed rooms (X and XXII) and follow the outdoor climate, especially in room X. On the contrary, in room XXII the indoor microclimate was significantly dampened in terms of both temperature and relative humidity compared to the outdoor fluctuations; this was due to the fact that the room is an internal room without external walls and, thus, more protected from the outdoors.  
Figure 17: Time profiles of temperature T values measured from May 2012 to April 2013 in rooms X and XXII, and outdoors (EXT).  
Figure 18: Time profiles of relative humidity RH values measured from May 2012 to April 2013 in rooms X and XXII, and outdoors (EXT).  
Figure 19 shows the PI monthly values for T and RH daily variation for rooms X and XXII. The PI\({}_{\text{AT24}}\) is low, especially during summer period, and the values are similar for the two rooms, while the PI\({}_{\text{ARH24}}\) is higher, especially in room XXII, throughout the year.  
Historical Climate of La Specola: Calculation of the Target Values for T and RH  
For La Specola, the values of the conservation range in terms of T and RH were also evaluated according to the assessment of the historical climate.  
Figures 20 and 21 show the trend of monthly and annual mean values of T and RH, respectively, for rooms X and XXII. In room XXII, the RH monthly fluctuation was always within the range of acceptability.  
The ranges of oscillation of T and RH included in the 93 rd and seventh percentile, as suggested by the UNI EN 15757 [17], for rooms X and XXII are shown in Figures 22-25.  
Figure 21: Trend of monthly and annual (horizontal line) mean values of RH for rooms X and XXII. The rectangles define the range of acceptable values for the two zones.  
Figure 22: Trend of historic climate hourly values of T and statistical limits of 93 rd and seventh percentiles in room X vs. the range recommended by the Italian D.M. 10.05.2001 [16] (gray band).  
Figure 23: Trend of historic climate hourly values of T and statistical limits of 93 rd and seventh percentiles in room XXII vs. the range recommended by the Italian D.M. 10.05.2001 [16] (gray band).  
Figure 24: Trend of historic climate hourly values of RH and statistical limits of 93 rd and seventh percentiles in room X vs. the range recommended by the Italian D.M. 10.05.2001 [16] (gray band).  
In line with the results obtained for the Vasari Corridor, if the range of statistical values deriving from the analysis of the historical climate in La Specola museum is compared with the recommended reference values for the conservation according to the standards reported in Table 5, a substantial difference emerges with much wider margins of tolerance. It is also noted that, since the trend of RH in room XXII is flatter, the percentile limits are close to the range that is obtained from the annual average with limits (\(\pm\)10%). A comparison of the results is analyzed in detail in Section 3.3.