## 1 Introduction  
China's resource endowment is characterized by \"lack of gas, less oil and rich coal\", which means that coal will remain the dominant energy source in China for a long time in the future [1,2]. In recent years, in order to meet the economic development, the total energy demand is increasing year by year. To ensure energy supply, the mining of coal resources in Northeast China and East China is advancing at a speed of 10-25 m/a to a depth of 800-1000 m. After entering deep mining, the mining environment changes dramatically [2, 3, 4]. The main change is that the ground stress increases evidently, which is caused by the high vertical stress and tectonic stress caused by the weight of overburden rock. Therefore, the safe mining of deep coal resources is a huge challenge [5]. Overburden movement is easy to occur in deep stope under high stress. Mining-induced overburden movement is the root of all mine pressure in the stope, i.e., overburden rock migration causes stress transfer in surrounding rock. Consequently, it has the occasion to analyze the migration law and stress transfer characteristics of overburdened strata to control the roadway surrounding rock. Regarding the law of overburden rock migration, scholars have proposed many hypothesis models, including the pressure arch hypothesis, the cantilever beam hypothesis, the hinged rock beam hypothesis, the masonry beam hypothesis, and the key stratum theory [6; 7; 8; 9; 10]. Taking the key stratum theory as an example, the theory holds that there is a key stratum in the overburden movement, i.e., a certain layer or a few layers of thick and hard rock strata are broken, and then the overburden movement occurs. In terms of stability, the key stratum determines the entire strata. Therefore, the local stability of key strata is the prerequisite for controlling overall stability. This theory illustrates the migration law of overburden rock from the perspective of underground pressure and provides a new idea for coal mine safety mining [11; 12; 13; 14]. In view of the key stratum theory, scholars have conducted extensive research and achieved fruitful results. [PERSON] [15] studied the movement and weighting law of overlying strata through theoretical analysis, similar simulation, and field monitoring of an extra-thick coal seam. [PERSON] et al. [16] analyzed the law of overlying strata movement through in situ investigation, combined with ground monitoring and pressure data, and determined the spatial and temporal relationship between key strata fracture and stope pressure. [PERSON] et al. [17] analyzed the link between overburden rock movement and roof pressure by studying the motion law of the voussoir beam structure formed by key strata. The roadway stability is the precondition for safe production. The theory and technology of roadway surrounding rock control have been developed and improved, and many representative surrounding rock control theories have been formed, such as loose circle support theory [18], strength strengthening theory [19], primary and secondary bearing area support theory [20], and key parts coupling support theory [21]. Based on these classical theories, the control technology of roadway surrounding rock has been continuously developed. Based on laboratory tests and energy theory, [PERSON] et al. [22] proposed the supporting principle of accelerating supporting speed and strengthening supporting strength, designed the supporting scheme, and monitored and verified the anchoring force of the bolt. [PERSON] et al. [23] improved the energy support theory and proposed that the energy released in the roadway should be less than the absorbed by the support structure, which was applied to the deep roadway support and achieved good on-site practical results. By analyzing the evolution law of stress from the roadway to surrounding rock, [PERSON] et al. [24] proposed the theory of equal strength support, i.e., the surrounding rock stress is kept in an equal state by means of pressure relief or support.