## 4 Joint Test of _Sta_ and _Sttp_ in the City of Vienna
### Discussion of Results
This is related to the lack of time to engage in discretionary activities (h23/day are constrained) that decreases _STA_; it also depends on the high average speed of private car (_AS_ = km47/h, the highest value registered) and the moderate detour effect (_DE_ = 133%) that increase _STTP_. * In contrast, Individual B has the second highest _rSTA_ (29.93) and the second lowest _rSTTP_ (68.48). The high density of discretionary opportunities at disposal (_OD_ = 125.7/km2) affects _STA_ positively, as well as their possibility to reach the city centre of Vienna during their free-time span in the afternoon (see Figure 4). Conversely, the high detour effect experienced during mandatory travels (_DE_ = 182%) and the monetary cost (_AKC_ = \(\Theta\).42/km) affects _STTP_ negatively. * Compared with the other individuals, Individual C registers low values for both _rSTA_ and _rSTTP_ (4.10 and 61.62). On the one hand, this depends on the lack of discretionary opportunities in their _DPPA_ (_OD_ = 31.3/km2), which decreases _STA_. On the other hand, this condition is influenced by a low average speed of mandatory travel and the high average travel-time cost associated with them (_AS_ = km11/h; _ATC_ = \(\Theta\).18/min), which affect _STTP_. In particular, it is worth mentioning that Individual C spends almost 1 h each day in out-of-vehicle travel time (by walking, waiting and transferring), which \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Individuals**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Time, Space and Transport Variables**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{_STA_} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{_STTP_} \\ \cline{2-13}  & _CT_ & _OD_ & _AS_ & _AKC_ & _ATC_ & _DE_ & _PMT_ & _STA_ & _rSTA_ & **CV** & _STTP_ & _rSTTP_ & **CV** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**A**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**h/day**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**n/km2**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**km/h**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**6/km**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**6/km**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**6/min**} & \multirow{3}{*}{**\%**} & _Perferth mode(s)_ & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
**B** & 20 & 125.7 & 42 & 0.42 & 0.14 & 182 & _Car driver_ & 8947 & 29.93 & & 1.07 & 68.48 & \\ \hline
**C** & 18 & 31.3 & 11 & 0.05 & 0.18 & 114 & _PT_, _Walking_ & 1227 & 4.10 & 153 & 1.20 & 61.21 & \\ \hline
**D** & 18.5 & 160.1 & 9 & 0.08 & 0.10 & 127 & _PT_ & 29,892 & 100.00 & & 0.94 & 78.46 & \\ \hline
**E** & 20 & 14.9 & 17 & 0.02 & 0.12 & 161 & _Car passenger_, _PT_ & 330 & 1.10 & & 0.73 & 100.00 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Results of _STA_ and _STTP_ for individuals A–E. corresponds to about 50% of their daily travel time. This has great impacts on their _AS_ and _ATC_. * Contrary to Individual C, Individual D registers high or average values for both _STA_ and _STTP_. This is linked to various factors. As for _STA_, (s)he has the second lowest amount of constrained time (\(CT=\) h18.5/day) and the highest density of opportunity at disposal (\(OD=\) 160.1). These two conditions are interlinked: thanks to the amount of free time and proximity of the home location to a stop of the subway line U1, Individual D could reach the central district of Vienna (see Figure 4). As for _STTP_, Individual D has the lowest average speed among individuals (\(AS=\) km9/h). However, this negative factor is offset by the low travel-time and monetary cost paid for their daily travels (\(AKC=\) 60.08/km; \(ATC=\) 60.10/min). Indeed, Individual D is a pensioner and their time has the lowest value among the observed individuals (see Table 4), meaning that the low speed has a smaller impact on his _STTP_. At the same time, (s)he benefits from the convenient PT subscriptions offered from the City of Vienna to people aged +65. * Finally, Individual E registers the lowest _STA_ and highest _STTP_. In this case, _STA_ is most negatively influenced by their home location, which is in a mainly non-urbanised area.