## 3 Results
### Literature Search and Study Characteristics
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Study** & **Participants** & **Age** & **Arms** & **Outcomes** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [28] & 13 obese adults & 66 \(\pm\) 6 & Sitting 7.5 h & \\
2017, UK & 13 obese adults & & 5 min arm ergometry every 30 min, total & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [40] & 34 healthy adults & 40 \(\pm\) 9 & Sitting 7.5 h & \\
2017, UK & 34 healthy adults & 5 min light walking bouts every 30 min, total 1 h & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [52] & 15 postmenopausal & 68.8 \(\pm\) 3.2 & Sitting 8 h & \\  & & Sitting 1 h, 20 \(\times\) 1.5 min walking every & \\
2016, Japan & 15 postmenopausal & 15 min (3.7 km/h) & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC \\  & & Sitting 1 h, 30 min walking (3.7 km/h), & Insulin iAUC \\  & & 6.5 h sitting & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [29] & & 28 \(\pm\) 2 & Sitting 480 min & Glucose AUC; Sitting and a single bout of exercise (\(\sim\)55 min, 65\%\(\
u\)O2 max) & Insulin AUC \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [41] & 70 normal-weight & & 25.9 \(\pm\) 5.3 & Sitting 9 h \\
2013, New Zealand & 70 normal-weight & & Sitting 8.5 h and 100-s bouts of brisk walking (60\% of VO2 max) every 30 min & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC; TAG iAUC \\  & & adults & Sitting 0.25 h, 30 min treadmill walking & \\  & & @60\% VO2 max, 8.25 h sitting & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [42] & 18 healthy, normal & 23.5 \(\pm\) 5 & Sitting 6 h & \\
2021, New Zealand & 1 weight & & 2 min walking (5 km/h, 10\% incline) & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [47] & & 40.2 \(\pm\) 12.2 & Sitting 420 min & \\  & 25 inactive males & & 2 min bouts of light-intensity walking & Glucose AUC; Insulin AUC \\  & 2017, UK & & (3.2 km/h) every 20 min & \\  & & & 2 min bouts of standing every 20 min & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [30] & 67 overweight/obese & 67 \(\pm\) 7 & Sitting 8 h & \\
2020, Australia & 67 overweight/obese & & sitting 1 h, moderate-intensity walking & Glucose AUC; Insulin AUC \\  & & & (30 min), uninterrupted sitting 6.5 h & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [33] & 21 young centrally & 23 \(\pm\) 4 & Sitting 360 min & \\
2021, China & 21 young cells & & 2 min bouts of light-intensity walking & Glucose iAUC; Insulin iAUC; TAG iAUC \\  & & obese males & (3.2 km/h) every 30 min & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [31] & & 67–75 & Sitting 7.5 h & Time-averaged \\
2020, UK & 60 overweight/obese & & 5 min of self-paced light walking every & AUC for Glucose, Insulin, TAG \\  & & & 30 min & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [25] & 22 overweight/obese & 66.6 \(\pm\) 4.7 & Sitting 7.5 h & \\
2016, UK & 20 postmenopausal & & 5 min bouts of standing every 30 min & Insulin iAUC; TAG iAUC \\  & & women & 5 min bouts of light-intensity walking & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [45] & 10 Inactive older & & \\
2013, USA & 10 Inpaired fasting & & One bout of 45 min morning walking (moderate intensity) & Glucose time-averaged \\  & & glucose & Three 15 min bouts of moderate postmeal & CGMS \\  & & walking & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [49] & & 63 \(\pm\) 9 & Sitting 14 h & \\  & & Sitting 13 h + 1 h moderate cycling & Glucose \\
2017, The & 19 T2 DM & & (5.9 METs) & time-averaged \\ Netherlands & & & Interrupted with light-intensity walking & CGMS \\  & & and standing every 30 min & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._