## 4 Discussion  
The formation mechanism of landslides needs to consider various factors such as displacement and precipitation. In this paper, we analyze comprehensively various aspects of landslide features by integrating ERT data, geological survey data, and drilling data. This analysis provides a more comprehensive reference basis for studying the formation mechanism of landslides. The profile data obtained from the ERT effectively demonstrate the morphology and burial depth of the sliding surface of the landslide.  
Based on the measured results of ERT and combined with borehole data, Figure 9 presents a geological profile of the Lijiazu landslide project. The existence of gravel in the soil layer provides a pathway for the infiltration of surface rainwater. When rainwater infiltrates the contact surface of the underlying bedrock, the permeability coefficient of the bedrock is relatively lower compared to the Quaternary cover layer. As a result, groundwater accumulates, leading to the softening of the weathered layer on the upper part of the bedrock. The authors believe that the presence of gravel in the soil layer serves as a pathway for the infiltration of surface rainwater. Comparatively, the permeability coefficient of the bedrock is lower than that of the Quaternary cover layer, leading to the accumulation of groundwater and the subsequent softening of the weathered layer on the upper part of the bedrock. In geological formations, mineral ions undergo physical and chemical transformations such as hydration and hydrolysis. As the moisture content increases, the electrical resistivity of these formations decreases. Eventually, when the formation reaches a state of complete saturation, the electrical resistivity is stabilized and no further changes occur. With the continuous infiltration of rainwater, the physical properties of sandy shale change and gradually soften. Additionally, the villagers in front of the slope had excavated the slope to construct houses, resulting in the formation of a steep slope on the front edge of the slope. Due to these two factors, the sliding mass continuously penetrates and forms a sliding surface under the influence of gravity. Simultaneously, cracking gradually occurs in the middle and rear of the sliding mass. These cracks provide convenient channels for surface water infiltration, causing water to accumulate at the crack locations. Under the pressure of water, the sliding surface continues to develop, and the entire slope is continuously compressed downward, leading to cracks in the houses in front of the slope.  
Figure 9: Engineering geological profile AA’ of Lijiazu landslide.  
Through the investigation of the landslide and geophysical surveys, along with the collective data analysis, it was determined that the landslide had entered the stage of creeping deformation. The occurrence of cracking in residential houses in front of the landslide indicates that the entire slope is still undergoing continuous development. Under the influence of heavy rain or prolonged rainfall, the landslide may further expand its movement, leading to an increased extent of displacement. Consequently, this poses a threat to the lives and properties of individuals in the vicinity, as well as endangering buildings and infrastructure in the area. Given the substantial threat the landslide poses to both individuals and buildings, the high cost of re-homing the population makes it advisable to address promptly the landslide through effective remediation measures.