## 1 Introduction  
Due to its significant seismic activity, numerous slopes, and delicate geological environment, southwest China is particularly vulnerable to instability during seismic activity [1, 2, 3]. A common type of slope in this region is the steep bedding rock slope. When instability arises during an earthquake, it frequently results in significant damage, which presentsa significant hidden risk to the security of nearby infrastructure as well as the lives and property of local residents [4; 5]. There have been tens of thousands of landslide disasters since the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The SBRS caused significant damage at the time, including the Dazhuping landslide in Gaochuan Township, the Tangjiashan landslide in Beichuan County, and the Qianfoyan Ganmofang landslide in Anxian County [6; 7; 8; 9]. For instance, the safety of 300,000 people downstream of Miayang City was seriously threatened by the Tangjiashan landslide, which produced the greatest weir following the Wenchuan earthquake [10]. Therefore, studying the dynamic response and failure mode of the SBRS under earthquake activity is extremely important from both a theoretical and practical standpoint. At present, the primary technical tools for analyzing the dynamic response and failure mode of the SBRS under earthquake action are numerical simulations and the shaking table test [11; 12; 13; 14]. [PERSON] et al. [15] used a numerical simulation to examine the collapse process of an SBRS and suggested that the primary cause of this kind of landslide's instability was the weakening of the internal layer. Using a numerical simulation and shaking table model testing, [PERSON] et al. [16] discovered that when seismic activity occurs, the acceleration close to the weak surface increases suddenly, creating a lot of secondary cracks before the weak surface changes into a sliding surface. Through a numerical simulation, [PERSON] et al. [17] discovered that the weak surface significantly impacted the bedding slope's shear failure process, exhibiting clear nonlinear deformation and tensile shear failure characteristics. Shaking table studies on bedding rock slopes and clastic rock slopes were performed by [PERSON] et al. [18]. They discovered that the accumulation layer on the slope surface amplifies seismic waves and can lead to slope failure. By using a shaking table model test to replicate the progressive failure process of the SBRS, [PERSON] et al. [19] suggested that the weak surface was a major factor in the deformation and failure of bedding rock slopes. This provided a plausible explanation for the widespread shallow rock slope sliding that occurs during earthquake activity. [PERSON] et al. [20] conducted a shaking table test. Tensile-shear sliding failure was identified as the SBRS's failure mode after an analysis of the slope's acceleration, displacement, and acoustic emission response under various seismic wave frequencies. Note that while the majority of the aforementioned studies concentrate on the failure mode and acceleration amplification effect of the SBRS under seismic activity, there is still a lack of thorough research on the seismic energy within the slope. In fact, seismic energy is the key trigger factor for dynamic failure of slopes. Analyzing the slope's dynamic response and failure mode from an energy perspective is crucial [21]. The most widely utilized analytical techniques for efficiently determining the energy distribution of seismic signals in the time-frequency domain are the Hilbert-Huang transform and marginal spectrum theory. Previous researchers have used this method to study the dynamic response law of slopes [22]. An energy-based approach based on the HHT and MSP theory was put forth by [PERSON] et al. [23] to analyze the dynamics of landslides caused by earthquakes. Based on the HHT and the MSP theory, [PERSON] et al. [24; 25] discovered that the HHT and the MSP, respectively, can represent the slope's overall deformation and local deformation.