## 4 Conclusions  
This study emphasizes the significance of approximate structural modeling in the early design phases of high-rise buildings with a focus on natural wind load conditions. The specific conclusions from the work are  
* These early-phase structural models often exhibit inherent limitations due to simplifying assumptions. These limitations can greatly influence the accuracy of the measured responses to dynamic loads, especially wind loads. As a designer, one needs to be aware of the limitations of respective modeling assumptions.
* The parametric study reveals that low-fidelity models are a good representation of high-fidelity models, provided that the frequencies of the modes are matched.
* This study demonstrates that reduced structural models, specifically lumped-mass models with three lumped masses, can effectively capture the behavior of high-rise structures under wind loads, provided that the frequencies and mode shapes are matched.
* These models can approximate the behavior of complete systems with a certain degree of accuracy, quantified as around \(11\%\) for displacements and \(20\%\) for accelerations. Moreover, these LF models are fast and easy to evaluate.  
Figure 17: Modal reduction—RMS of top-floor acceleration as a ratio of the finest resolution model against the number of modes considered with no turbulence in the incoming wind. Four damping ratios \(\zeta\) are plotted. The title of each sub-figure is on top.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**No. of Modes** & \(\mathbf{Disp_{max}}\) & \(\mathbf{Disp_{RMS}}\) & \(\mathbf{Acc_{max}}\) & \(\mathbf{Disp_{RMS}}\) \\ \hline
3 & 0.1997 & 0.1249 & 0.1722 & 0.0549 \\
6 & 0.1978 & 0.1232 & 0.1723 & 0.0549 \\
12 & 0.1979 & 0.1233 & 0.1724 & 0.0549 \\
18 & 0.1979 & 0.1233 & 0.1724 & 0.0549 \\
90 & 0.1979 & 0.1233 & 0.1724 & 0.0549 \\These models are particularly beneficial in the initial design stages, where rapid, cost-effective, and moderately accurate evaluations are required. They are also useful for computationally intensive tasks, like optimization, uncertainty quantification, optimization under uncertainties, and the design of damping devices to reduce the structural acceleration responses with supplemental damping.  
Conceptualization, M.P., R.W. and F.W.; Methodology, A.K. and M.P.; Software, M.P.; Validation, A.K.; Formal analysis, A.K.; Investigation, A.K. and M.P.; Data curation, A.K.; Writing--original draft, A.K.; Writing--review & editing, M.P., R.W. and F.W.; Visualization, A.K.; Supervision, K.-U.B. and R.W.; Project administration, K.-U.B. and F.W.; Funding acquisition, K.-U.B. and F.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
We would like to thank [PERSON] and [PERSON] for providing helpful discussions and contributing to this work.  
Author [PERSON] was employed by the company Maurer Switzerland GmbH. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflicts of interest.