## 1 Introduction  
Archaeogeophysics and archaeological prospecting are focused on the description of disparities between subsurface ancient relics and their surrounding rocks. Various geophysical investigations on the surface, such as geomagnetism, electric resistivity, electromagnetic method, and ground penetrating radar (GPR), can be used to properly locate the depth and dimension of subsurface remains, allowing for precise excavations.  
Ground magnetic survey relies on the differences in the magnetic characteristics of an object of interest and its surroundings. For archaeological study, the two most crucial magnetic factors are magnetization and magnetic susceptibility. Most archaeological materials contain magnetic particles, which have magnetic properties and allow them to create magnetic anomalies that can be utilized in a number of different ways. The produced total magnetic intensity (TMI) map may track the changes in the strength of the Earth'smagnetic field because of the different compositions of the archaeological features and the surrounding soil. Depending on how susceptible rock is to magnetic anomalies, they can either be positive (a stronger field than normal) or negative (a weaker field) [1].  
GPR is a geophysical technology used to properly map the geometrical dimensions of near-surface objects, archaeological artifacts, and produce 3D imaging of subsurface materials. GPR technique is employed in geological and environmental studies, engineering and construction purposes, glaciological studies, forensic science, and archaeological explorations. Since it is a very affordable, safe, and non-destructive tool for imaging shallow subsurface objects, this technology is ideal for investigating the geometry of archaeological features [2]. GPR is a high-resolution geophysical device that utilizes high-frequency electromagnetic signals from a transmitting antenna to propagate through the earth and be reflected back to the surface, where they are recorded by another receiving antenna. The time it takes for the reflections to return to the surface is then measured [3; 4; 5]. This technique is based on the vertical and horizontal changes in dielectric constant and conductivity of the underlying materials. Due to the varied reflection coefficients of the interfaces, this feature causes changes in the velocity of radar waves through the material.  
Many authors used both GPR and magnetic methods or one of them, to investigate archaeological structures in various Egyptian ancient sites for archeological investigation [6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33]. On the other hand, this technique was employed worldwide in numerous countries for the same purposes [34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45; 46; 47; 48; 49; 50; 51; 52; 53].  
The main objective of this paper employing both ground magnetic and GPR surveys for investigation of Abydos site in order to detect and determine the depth and the geometry of any unearthed archaeological features. The findings of this study could be utilized as a guide by authorities during the excavation process, saving money and time by providing accurate positions, depths, and geometries of undiscovered/unearthed archaeological remains.