# BIM-Based Management System for Off-Site Construction Projects
## 6 Conclusions  
This study was aimed at developing a BIM-based management system to effectively implement OSC projects. According to a literature review, considerable research is being performed for OSC project and system development to facilitate project management, and cutting-edge technologies, including BIM, are being integrated. Despite these efforts, the existing systems could not effectively accomplish the management tasks of the OSC projects, owing to their unique characteristics. Based on OSC project case studies and expert interviews, the authors analyzed the OSC project management characteristics considering six aspects, including the location and time. In this manner, the BIM-based management system requirements were derived from the project, usability, and system perspectives. These requirements were reflected through several functions. Specifically, the proposed system involved functions for linking and integrating the production-logistics-installation processes and performing each of them efficiently considering six aspects, including drawing management. These functions were implemented through BIM-based parametric modeling, object-based data management, and integrated attribute information management for each element. The proposed system was applied to four OSC projects. Using this BIM-based management system, the users could smoothly manage the drawings and models of the OSC project, which increased the interoperability of the planning and execution. This interoperability facilitated the SCM of the OSC project, which is typically  
Figure 10: Automatic progress payment management using the BIM-based system. performed separately in factories, vehicles, and construction sites. In addition, because each task in the production, logistics, and installation stages was performed based on data through the management system, the task accuracy increased. Overall, the use of the BIM-based management system helped to improve and automate the existing processes and decrease the time and labor required. The contributions of this research can be summarized as follows. A BIM-based OSC project management system was developed, thereby highlighting the potential of the application of BIM technologies in the field of OSC management. Although BIM has already been applied to a certain extent in OSC project management, the implementation has been limited to several stages, such as factory production, logistics, and onsite installation, or to a few domains, such as process, cost, management, transportation, and installation management. In contrast, the proposed BIM-based management system can enable the integrated management of the entire supply chain of OSC projects. To enhance the management efficiency, the proposed system uses BIM technologies to develop element technologies for various OSC project management aspects, such as production-logistics-installation integrated monitoring, automatic equipment planning, automatic payment calculation, and real-time communication. In this study, the characteristics of the OSC project management were studied and used to derive the requirements for management system development. Although several researchers have focused on developing a management system for OSC projects, the focus was on implementation and development rather than the analysis and design of the OSC requirements. In contrast, in this study, literature reviews, case studies, and expert interviews were performed to comprehensively derive the requirements. Using this information, the authors developed a BIM-based management system tailored to OSC projects. Most of the existing studies on OSC management or management systems were performed based on the management techniques or management systems of onsite production methods. In contrast, this study was based on the characteristics of OSC project management and the corresponding requirements for system development. Because of the use of targeted information, a system suitable for OSC project execution equipped with the necessary functions was developed.