## 3 Results and Discussion
### Microstructure of Hydrolytic Alloys  
Solid products were collected after the complete reaction of pure Mg, Mg-Al alloys (10/20/30 wt.% Al), and Mg-Zn alloys (10/20/30 wt.% Zn) with water vapor under various temperature conditions. Figure 9 presents the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the hydrolysis products of these materials at high temperatures. Specifically, Figure 9a shows the XRD pattern of the reaction products after the complete hydrolysis of pure Mg, where only MgO diffraction peaks are observed. Figure 9b displays the XRD patterns of the reaction products after the complete hydrolysis of Mg-10 Al, Mg-20 Al, and Mg-30 Al, where both MgO and A\({}_{\rm l2}\)MgO\({}_{4}\) diffraction peaks are present. As the aluminum content increases from 10% to 20% and 30%, the MgO diffraction peak gradually weakens, while the A\({}_{\rm l2}\)MgO\({}_{4}\) diffraction peak gradually intensifies, albeit remaining relatively weak compared to the MgO peak. This is due to the increase in the Mg\({}_{\rm l7}\)Al\({}_{\rm l2}\) secondary phase with rising aluminum content. Consequently, after complete hydrolysis, the MgO diffraction peak decreases, while the A\({}_{\rm l2}\)MgO\({}_{4}\) diffraction peak becomes more prominent. Figure 9c presents the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the reaction products after the complete hydrolysis of pure Mg-10 Zn, Mg-20 Zn, and Mg-30 Zn. It is observed that both MgO and ZnO diffraction peaks are present. As the zinc content increases, the MgO diffraction peak gradually weakens, while the ZnO diffraction peak gradually intensifies, albeit remaining relatively weak compared to the MgO peak. This is attributed to the increase in the Mg\({}_{\rm l7}\)Zn\({}_{\rm 3}\) phase with rising zinc content. Consequently, after complete hydrolysis, the MgO diffraction peak decreases, while the ZnO diffraction peak becomes more prominent. Among the reaction products of Mg, Mg-Al, and Mg-Zn alloys, no characteristic peaks of metallic magnesium (Mg) or Mg (OH)\({}_{\rm 2}\) were observed. The primary reason may be that after complete hydrolysis, magnesium initially forms Mg (OH)\({}_{\rm 2}\) as a byproduct, which gradually converts to MgO under high-temperature conditions. This also indicates that Mg, Mg-Al, and Mg-Zn alloys can undergo complete hydrolysis to produce hydrogen at the reaction temperatures set in this study. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Samples**} & **Reaction** & **Maximum Hydrogen** & \multirow{2}{*}{**Conversion Yield (\%)**} & **Reaction** & **Induction Time** \\  & **Temperature** & **Generation Rate** & & **n Time** & **(s)** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(L/min)** & & **(s)** & **(s)** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Mg-10 Zn} & 300 & 0 & 0 & — & — \\  & 330 & 9.781 & 91 & 140 & 225 \\  & 360 & 11.441 & 91 & 128 & 209 \\  & 390 & 14.506 & 91 & 112 & 183 \\  & 420 & 16.385 & 91 & 98 & 164 \\  & 450 & 19.681 & 91 & 84 & 133 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Mg-20 Zn} & 300 & 10.501 & 94 & 134 & 247 \\  & 330 & 11.703 & 94 & 119 & 214 \\  & 360 & 13.501 & 94 & 104 & 195 \\  & 390 & 17.491 & 94 & 95 & 170 \\  & 420 & 20.802 & 94 & 80 & 150 \\  & 450 & 23.073 & 94 & 72 & 112 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Mg-30 Zn} & 300 & 11.749 & 98 & 115 & 225 \\  & 330 & 13.409 & 98 & 109 & 201 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 360 & 14.373 & 98 & 97 & 184 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 390 & 18.299 & 98 & 82 & 162 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 420 & 21.433 & 98 & 68 & 131 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 450 & 23.521 & 98 & 54 & 98 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Hydrogen generation performance of the Mg-Zn alloy samples in water vapor. As shown in Figure 10, the SEM and EDS images depict the products of pure magnesium after complete hydrolysis at high temperatures. It is evident that the morphology of the reaction products consists of small, aggregated square-like particles. The EDS spectrum reveals the presence of only magnesium and oxygen elements, further confirming that the hydrolysis product of pure magnesium under high-temperature conditions is solely MgO, with no remaining metallic magnesium.