## 1 Introduction  
To date, the requirements for the performance and accuracy of machine tools are only increasing due to the need to manufacture increasingly accurate and high-quality products [1]. All this is because the performance of the machine depends on its individual elements, which are subjected to different loads during operation [2]. In this regard, the need for new special technologies and materials for the manufacture of machine tool elements has increased [3]. Such elements of the machine as the bed, base, and frames are subjected to the greatest load; these elements are made of cast iron and steel, but elements made of steel and cast iron do not meet the set requirements today since they have low vibration resistance and cannot provide dimensional stability for a long time. In this regard, it became necessary to use new materials in the load-bearing structures of machine tools, namely, in composite materials [4]. When designing and operating metal-cutting machine tools, in order to increase their quality, productivity and labor efficiency, it is necessary to consider the requirements for strength, rigidity and stability of the structure; all these indicators are ultimately reflected in the vibration of the entire structure as a whole. In Europe, a mineral-polymer composite that consists of a stone base and synthetic resin as a binder has become widespread in the field of machine tool building. Polymer concrete differs from cement concrete in that a polymer is used in the presence of a binder [5]. In European and Asian machine tool industries, cast iron was mainly used as a material for the manufacture of machine tool frames [6]. It was much superior to copper and iron alloys in terms of vibration stability and rigidity. An alternative for these properties was only natural stone, but its fragility and the complexity of processing and pairing parts did not allow for the development of this direction. Consequently, all technological lines related to the production of cast iron have brought the process of manufacturing frames to perfection. All available types of this alloy have been researched and tested, and cast iron became the leader for the manufacture of beds due to the successful matching of two properties: price and ability to damp (suppress vibrations of machine mechanisms) with the proper volume and weight [7]. Polymer concrete is a current innovative substitute for ordinary concrete as a stronger and more durable alternative [8]. Synthetic binders and hardeners give polymer concrete increased resistance to frost, moisture and various chemical factors. The resistance of polymer concrete depends on the choice of polymer binder and, consequently, the resistance of the fillers. The dense structure of polymer concrete provides high durability. The main disadvantage of using polymer concrete is its relatively low heat resistance [9]. The limiting temperature at which polymer concrete structures can be operated should not exceed 150-180 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Compared with cast iron, polymer concrete has less strength, but given that the basic parts of machine tools, such as beds, are calculated for rigidity and not for strength, this cannot entirely be attributed to the disadvantages of polymer concrete. Consequently, operational loads do not exceed 10% of the strength of cast iron [10]. From a technological point of view, composite materials make it possible to perform the high-precision casting of parts, which often does not require further mechanical and heat treatment, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for the production of large-sized parts with developed geometry. It has been established that in mass production, the period for manufacturing parts from composites by free casting and transferring them to a further stage of production is 3-10 days depending on the dimensions of the parts.