## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline
**Variables** & **Total (n = 388)** & **T1 (n = 129)** & **T2 (n = 130)** & **T3 (n = 129)** & **\(p\) for Trend** & **\(p\) for Post Hoc Analysis** \\ \hline rHGS (Range) & 0.26–1.97 & 0.26–0.69 & 0.70–0.98 & 0.99–1.97 & & & \\ Age (years) & 60.8 \(\pm\) 7.1 & 62.4 \(\pm\) 7 & 61.8 \(\pm\) 7 & 58.1 \(\pm\) 6 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\  & & & & & & T2 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\ BMI (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & 28.7 \(\pm\) 4.4 & 30.8 \(\pm\) 5 & 27.9 \(\pm\) 4 & 27.3 \(\pm\) 4 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\  & & & & & & T1 vs. T2 \textless{} 0.001 \\ HGS (kg) & 25.5 \(\pm\) 9.3 & 17.9 \(\pm\) 3 & 22.4 \(\pm\) 4 & 36.1 \(\pm\) 7 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\  & & & & & & T2 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\ WHR & 0.91 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 0.89 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 0.89 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.94 \(\pm\) 0.09 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\ SBP (mmHg) & 125 \(\pm\) 16 & 125 \(\pm\) 16 & 126 \(\pm\) 18 & 125 \(\pm\) 13 & 0.85 & / \\ DBP (mmHg) & 76 \(\pm\) 10 & 76 \(\pm\) 11 & 76 \(\pm\) 9 & 77 \(\pm\) 9 & 0.56 & / \\ Glucose (mg/dL) & 99 \(\pm\) 21 & 99 \(\pm\) 16 & 98 \(\pm\) 24 & 99 \(\pm\) 22 & 0.92 & / \\ TC (mg/dL) & 208 \(\pm\) 42 & 210 \(\pm\) 39 & 208 \(\pm\) 42 & 206 \(\pm\) 46 & 0.68 & / \\ HDL-C (mg/dL) & 57 \(\pm\) 16 & 61 \(\pm\) 17 & 59 \(\pm\) 16 & 52 \(\pm\) 14 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\  & & & & & & T2 vs. T3 0.001 \\ TG (mg/dL) & 129 \(\pm\) 70 & 123 \(\pm\) 62 & 119 \(\pm\) 62 & 144 \(\pm\) 81 & 0.010 & T2 vs. T3 0.019 \\ LDL-C (mg/dL) & 125 \(\pm\) 38 & 125 \(\pm\) 36 & 124 \(\pm\) 37 & 125 \(\pm\) 40 & 0.99 & / \\ Creatinine (mg/dL) & 0.81 \(\pm\) 0.17 & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.2 & 0.75 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 0.91 \(\pm\) 0.2 & \textless{}0.001 & T1 vs. T3 \textless{} 0.001 \\ AST (IU/L) & 22 \(\pm\) 7 & 21 \(\pm\) 7 & 21 \(\pm\) 7 & 23 \(\pm\) 8 & 0.018 & T1 vs. T3 0.039 \\ ALT (IU/L) & 23 \(\pm\) 14 & 21 \(\pm\) 12 & 23 \(\pm\) 17 & 25 \(\pm\) 13 & 0.09 & / \\ \(\gamma\)GT (IU/L) & 29 \(\pm\) 26 & 36 \(\pm\) 41 & 23 \(\pm\) 15 & 29 \(\pm\) 24 & 0.15 & / \\ CAP (Db/m) & 256 \(\pm\) 48 & 266 \(\pm\) 48 & 252 \(\pm\) 49 & 249 \(\pm\) 47 & 0.012 & T1 vs. T3 0.021 \\ IQR (\%) & 20 \(\pm\) 6 & 20 \(\pm\) 6 & 21 \(\pm\) 6 & 20 \(\pm\) 6 & 0.90 & \\ aCAP \({}^{\lx@sectionsign}\) (Db/m) & / & 269 \(\pm\) 5 & 253 \(\pm\) 4 & 237 \(\pm\) 6 & 0.001 & T1 vs. T3 0.001 \\ Stiffness (KPa) & 4.8 \(\pm\) 1 & 4.9 \(\pm\) 1 & 4.7 \(\pm\) 1 & 4.7 \(\pm\) 1 & 0.49 & / \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{c}{_Prevalence (\%)_} \\ \hline Gender, female & 70 & 98 & 85 & 26 & \textless{}0.001 & / \\ Smokers & 27 & 19 & 25 & 38 & 0.001 & / \\ Physical activity & 35 & 18 & 37 & 50 & \textless{}0.001 & / \\ T2 DM & 9 & 12 & 9 & 7 & 0.22 & / \\ Dyslipidaemia & 69 & 65 & 62 & 81 & 0.007 & / \\ Hypertension & 47 & 54 & 45 & 42 & 0.06 & / \\ General Obesity & 34 & 50 & 32 & 20 & \textless{}0.001 & / \\ Android Obesity & 73 & 72 & 66 & 80 & 0.034 & / \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{\lx@sectionsign}\)aCAP score adjusted for gender, age, smoking habit, physical activity, hyperlipidemia, general and android obesity, HDL-C, TG, creatinine, and AST: rHGS = relative handgrip strength; BMI = body mass index; WHR = waist to hip ratio; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; CAP = controlled attenuation parameter; IQR = interquartile range; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglycerides; LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; \(\gamma\)GT = gamma glutamyl transferase; T2 DM = Type 2 diabetes mellitus; general obesity = obesity classified on BMI; and android obesity = obesity classified on WIR.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Demographic, clinical, and instrumental characteristics of the population according to relative handgrip strength tertiles. compared to those in the second and third tertiles of rHGS (OR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.49-8.82, \(p\) = 0.004; Table 2).