# Qom--A New Hydroologic Prediction Model Enhanced with Multi-Objective Optimization
## 5 Experimentation
### Results After Choosing Solutions
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l r r} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Concept**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Parameter**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Volume**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **(mm)** & **(Hm\({}^{3}\))** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Initial condition} & Rain & 80,544.35 & 354,300.07 \\  & Superficial Storage & 0.00 & 0.00 \\  & Soil Storage & 0.00 & 0.00 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Qom solution} & EVT & 8855.45 & 38,953.54 \\  & Superficial Storage & 0.00 & 0.00 \\  & Soil Storage & 20.13 & 88.55 \\  & Groundwater Runoff & 47,329.02 & 208,191.81 \\  & Superficial Runoff & 24,339.74 & 107,066.15 \\  & Total volume estimated & 80,544.35 & 354,300.07 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Balance AE} & EVT & 0.00 & 0.00 \\  & Relative Error (RE) & 0.00 & - \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Total Volume Runoff} & In previous superficial & - & 96,359.53 \\  & In impervious superficial & - & 10,706.61 \\  & Off groundwater & - & 208,191.81 \\  & Corff. Runoff & - & 0.30 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Comparison of water volumes} & Observed hydrograph & 28,287.22 & 124,430.37 \\  & Estimated for Clark (RE = 2.05) & 28,866.98 & 126,980.63 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Estimated for Qom (RE = \(-\)13.95) & 24,339.74 & 107,066.15 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Hydrologic results for instance 6.2 CV (Cuenca del Alta del Rio Bermejo, Argentina), Qom-Clark model for period 2 February 1971 09:00 to 3 April 2014 09:00 step 24.0 h. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l r} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Concept**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Parameter**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Streamflow (m\({}^{3}\)/s)**} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Hydrograph} & Estimated & 2726.94 \\  & Superficial impervious & 41.26 \\  & Superficial pervious & 2677.15 \\  & Groundwater & 17.58 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Flow peak of Hydrograph} & Observed maximum & 3278.74 \\  & Relative error max peak & \(-\)16.83 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Observed second & 2464.00 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Relative error second max peak & 10.67 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Minimum flowrates} & Observed & 6.58 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Estimated & 7.00 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Specific hydrograph results for instance 6.2 CV (Rio Bermejo, Argentina), Clark model for period 2 February 1971 09:00 to 3 April 2014 09:00 step 24.0 h.  
A similar observation can be extracted from problem instance 2 (Artibai review basin), for which Figures 10 and 11 show the corresponding hyteographs and hydrographs of calibration and validation. In this case, although the amount of data used for calibration is lower than for validation, the precision power of the model is satisfactory, as changes in streamflow are usually detected and modeled for several years. With respect to the San Antonio River, two hydrometric stations were considered, in Loop 410 and Goliad. The calibration and validation histograms and hydrograms for the two stations are represented in Figures 12-15, respectively. It is worth noting that for San Antonio and Juquia problem instances, similar hydrographs are obtained (see Figures 16 and 17), which lead us to suggest that Qom is useful and accurate when applied to multiple and heterogeneous river basins and time periods. The hyteograph and hydrograph of the basin that belongs to Balapuca (Bermejo river) are shown in Figure 18. In this regard, an interesting comparison can be also extracted from the duration curve of the observed and estimated flows in Figure 19. It is another way to evaluate the behavior of the simulation model and the parameters, allowing to appreciate for which groups of flows better adjustments were obtained. Figure 8: Hyteograph and Hydrograph from calibration data series 1.1 CC of Asua basin, Bizkaia, Spain. Figure 9: Hyteograph and Hydrograph from validation data series 1.3 CV of Asua basin, Bizkaia, Spain. Figure 11: Hyetograph and Hydrograph from validation data series 2.3 CV of Artibai barin, Bizkaia, Spain. Figure 12: Hyetograph and Hydrograph from validation data series 3.1 CC of San Antonio river, at Loop 410, USA.