# Modernization of Heavy Loaded Tram Radial Effect on Noise and Vibration
## 3 Noise and Vibration Effects of Modernisation
### Experimental Measurement on Stur Street
#### 3.1.4 Results of Experimental Vibration Measurements  
The application of analytical and numerical procedures, for the established dynamic characteristics of the geological environment, allows us to calculate further the necessary parameters of the criteria for assessing the state of vibration with respect to the requirements of relevant standards and regulations. It is also possible to calculate the expected level of vibrations in the rocks in the road vicinity in the form of a power spectrum of acceleration amplitudes and velocities vibration at a certain point in the space (near the building). Such a spectrum then serves as an input spectrum for calculating the dynamic response of a building structure to traffic on transport routes (railways, roads, trams, etc.). The results can be divided into amplitude and spectral analyses. The **amplitude analysis** revealed the basic characteristics of the time histories of the amplitudes of the vibration velocity of the subsoil--\(v(t)\) at the monitored points  
\(\mathbf{v}_{rms}\)--effective value of the amplitude of the subsoil vibration velocity;  
\(\mathbf{v}_{max}\)--maximum amplitude of the subsoil vibration velocity;  
\(\mathbf{v}_{min}\)--minimum amplitude of the subsoil vibration velocity;  
\(\mid\mathbf{v}_{max}\mid+\mid\mathbf{v}_{min}\mid\)--maximum range. These characteristics suitably describe the vibration intensity in the form of parameters of the subsoil vibration velocities. Specific results were obtained using the evaluation line of the University of Zilina from the 12 above-mentioned experimental measurements in two directions, on two channels of measuring and recording apparatus. Statistical amplitude \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Measurement Number 10**} & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Measurement Number 12**} \\ \hline Frequency & \(LZF_{max}\) & \(LZS_{max}\) & \(LZF_{min}\) & \(LZS_{min}\) & \(LZ_{eq}\) & \(LZF_{max}\) & \(LZS_{max}\) & \(LZF_{min}\) & \(LZS_{min}\) & \(LZ_{eq}\) \\ (Hz) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) & (dB) \\ \hline
12.5 & 66.90 & 66.90 & 54.88 & 54.88 & 61.16 & 58.60 & 58.60 & 51.12 & 51.12 & 55.08 \\
**16.0** & **64.85** & **64.85** & **55.66** & **55.66** & **60.85** & **58.97** & **58.97** & **53.45** & **53.45** & **55.90** \\
31.5 & 66.28 & 65.48 & 59.32 & 60.32 & 63.02 & 70.61 & 69.73 & 56.40 & 58.35 & 64.93 \\
**63.0** & **80.27** & **76.70** & **59.40** & **64.99** & **71.57** & **71.99** & **69.87** & **56.30** & **60.91** & **65.31** \\
125.0 & 71.13 & 64.84 & 50.38 & 54.39 & 61.34 & 74.24 & 69.90 & 54.26 & 58.84 & 65.06 \\
**500.0** & **77.88** & **75.34** & **52.63** & **60.31** & **70.54** & **78.57** & **76.40** & **58.47** & **63.29** & **71.71** \\
1000 & 69.85 & 68.47 & 49.11 & 56.12 & 64.51 & 69.58 & 66.85 & 51.32 & 56.30 & 62.30 \\
**2000** & **61.88** & **60.64** & **41.84** & **45.96** & **56.01** & **66.18** & **62.12** & **47.83** & **52.82** & **57.65** \\
**4000** & 51.24 & 50.05 & 35.59 & 38.98 & 46.94 & 56.29 & 54.11 & 40.29 & 44.55 & 49.77 \\
**8000** & **47.72** & **43.01** & **25.33** & **29.23** & **39.65** & **50.27** & **44.19** & **28.17** & **33.88** & **39.93** \\
**16.000** & **34.77** & 30.83 & 11.45 & 15.65 & 27.46 & 47.39 & 39.31 & 13.89 & 20.71 & 30.87 \\
**20.000** & **36.38** & **30.01** & **10.41** & **13.13** & **25.80** & **39.72** & **31.75** & **11.02** & **15.73** & **24.43** \\
**A** & 78.67 & 76.73 & 59.82 & 64.32 & 72.90 & 81.58 & 79.77 & 66.39 & 68.36 & 75.56 \\
**C** & 85.58 & **82.22** & **68.61** & **72.37** & **78.52** & **86.58** & **84.48** & **71.84** & **73.46** & **80.03** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Values of noise levels in the 1/3 octave frequency spectrum band at **B1H** of selected measurements. analysis allowed for the obtaining of 12 \(\times\) 4 \(\times\) 9 = 432 statistical data to determine the levels of vibration at the monitored points of the site.