## 4 Case-Study Building  
### Geometrical and Mechanical Properties  
The three-story Blockhaus building schematized in Figure 4 was taken into account in this paper, as an illustrative design example. The system has plan dimensions of \(5.64\) m \(\times\)\(7.3\) m, with opening details according to Figure 4a,b for the ground floor and upper levels respectively. The elevation views are also shown in Figure 4c-f, with ground/first floors having both a nominal height of \(2.72\) m.  
The building layout was defined by taking inspiration from the past Rusticasa 3D prototype that was experimentally investigated in [23] and then numerically analyzed in [24]. Compared to the past research project, however, the major difference of the current investigation is represented by the presence of one additional story in the top. The total height of the building, accordingly, is in the order of \(6.88\) m at the edge to \(8.00\) m at the ridge, forming a duo-pitch (gable) roof.  
In terms of door/window openings, the plan of the structure is symmetrical in the longitudinal X-direction (walls P2 and P4) and asymmetrical in the transverse Y-direction (walls P1 and P2).  
The timber logs in use for the walls (see also [23; 24]) are shaped with small tongues and grooves both at the top and bottom surfaces. The outer log's cross-sectional dimensions are assumed in \(160\) mm \(\times\)\(160\) mm (four \(40\) mm lamellas) while the inner logs have dimension \(80\) mm \(\times\)\(160\) mm (two \(40\) mm lamellas). All the log ends are then notched to facilitate the intersection of the orthogonal walls, and thus to realize an efficient mechanical connection between the load-bearing components of the 3D assembly. For the corner joints, the presence of construction gaps is also accounted (with \(t_{gap}\) = \(1\) mm).  
All the wooden members, finally, are made of glu-lam timber derived from Scots Pine trees (_Pinus sylvestris_ L.) and belonging to a C24 resistance class. For design calculation purposes (given the lack of a more detailed material characterization), the nominal mechanical properties in Table 1 were taken into account.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Property** & **Symbol/Unit** & **Nominal Value** \\ \hline Bending strength & \(f_{m,k}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 24 \\ Tensile strength & \(f_{t,90,k}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 14 \\  & \(f_{t,0,k}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 0.5 \\ Compressive strength & \(f_{c,90,k}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 21 \\  & \(f_{c,0,k}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 2.5 \\ Modulus of Elasticity & \(E_{0,mean}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 11,000 \\  & \(E_{90,mean}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 370 \\ Shear Modulus & \(G_{mean}\) (N/mm\({}^{2}\)) & 690 \\   Density & \(\rho\) (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & 530 \\   Poisson’s ratio & \(\
u\) & 0.3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Nominal mechanical properties of Scots Pine wood (_Pinus sylvestris_ L.), resistance class C24 according to [22].  
Figure 4: Case-study system: (**a,b**) floor views and (**c–f**) elevation views (dimensions in m).  
At the level of each intermediate story, in-plane rigid diaphragms are taken into account. The floor beams have nominal cross-section of 90 mm \(\times\) 165 mm, and are then superimposed by Oriented Strand Board (OSB) studded panels, which are 22 mm thick.