## 1 Introduction
The various species have different half-lives and react with each other in PAWs, making it challenging and time-consuming to detect them all. Therefore, this study only analyzed long-lived species in PAWs [12; 17; 18]. Various techniques have been utilized by researchers to identify the concentration of RONS in PAW. For example, [PERSON] et al. measured the concentration of H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) by assessing the absorbance value at 450 nm of the reaction product of H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)-induced oxidation of o-phenylenediamine, 2-3-dainmophenylazine. Additionally, they employed the Griess reagent kit to measure the concentration of NO\({}_{2}^{-}\)[19]. Meanwhile, [PERSON] and [PERSON] employed multiple methods, such as the NO\({}_{3}^{-}\) ion UV shielding method, NO\({}_{2}^{-}\) ion Griess reagent method, H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) titanium oxide sulfate method, and dissolved O\({}_{3}\) indigo colorimetric method, to evaluate RONS in PAW while investigating its properties [12]. Despite the accuracy of these methods in detecting specific RONS species in PAW, they do not provide a comprehensive view of PAW as a whole. [PERSON] et al. used a UV-visible spectroscopic method and a curve-fitting procedure to well describe the chemical properties of long-lived RONS and O\({}_{2}\) in PAWs, and investigated the effects of two parameters, the exposure time of the plasma jet and the treatment distance, on the concentration of RONS [15]. This is a method that can comprehensively reflect the chemical properties of active substances in PAW. Similarly, the combination of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and aquaphotomics used in this study reflected the corresponding chemical properties of PAW. NIR spectroscopy serves as a vital analytical tool in aquaphotomics. The NIR region 680-2500 nm proves to be an excellent tool for water observation [20] and offers abundant information about water molecule structure in this range. This information facilitates the deconstruction of the physicochemical properties of water systems. Aquaphotomics is an emerging scientific discipline for the study of water and aqueous systems, founded in 2005 by Professor [PERSON] of Kobe University, Japan [21; 22; 23]. Work in aquaphotomics is mainly performed using NIR spectroscopy. In aquaphotomics, water structural information is related to the water system under study, and using light-water interactions, many different absorption bands reflecting the structural information of water can be obtained [24; 25; 26; 27]. By collecting a large amount of spectral data and combining chemometric methods to analyze the spectral data, removing non-essential effects, and identifying highly reproducible and characteristic wavelengths, the water matrix coordinates (WAMACS) containing the characteristic absorption bands with high contribution in all spectral models were established [20; 27]. Using WAMACS as a reference, it is possible to determine the production and changes of RONS in the PAW. Chemiluminescence (CL) is one of the most common means of detecting ROS. The basic principle is to use the energy released by the chemical reaction between ROS and the detection agent to excite the product molecules, causing the electrons to undergo a non-radiative jump, and the energy is released in the form of photons when they return to the ground state. The concentration of ROS can be measured by using an instrument to detect the light intensity [17]. Based on chemiluminescence, the fluorescent probe method has been gradually derived. The fluorescent probe method uses a fluorescent probe with reducing properties to react with ROS and indirectly detects the presence and content of ROS by measuring the fluorescence intensity. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity and precision, easy operation, and good reproducibility, and is widely used in the biological field [17]. The working solution of the ROS kit comprises fluorescent probes possessing reducing properties, which follows the fluorescent probe method's principles.