# Mobile Internet Technology Adoption for Sustainable Agriculture: Evidence from Wheat Farmers
## 1 Introduction  
Agriculture is not only a source of food but also a source of employment and opportunities, especially in rural areas. Therefore, the development and growth of agriculture, significantly advancing technology, must be highly prioritized, especially in developing countries [1, 2]. This is because food security is one of the main goals of the governments of these developing countries. It is worth noting that the United Nations defined food security as all people, at all times, having physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food, meeting their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life [3]. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in poverty alleviation and economic development. The link between agricultural productivity growth and poverty reduction is well documented by [PERSON] et al. [4]. Advancing the agricultural system is critical to ensure food security and reduce poverty. However, in developing countries, small farmers frequently encounter several challenges that prevent them from advancing the agricultural system. These barriers include, for instance, asymmetric information regarding importing traders and exporting consumers, high transaction expenses, insufficient agricultural services, and insufficient access to credit resources [5, 6]. Especially due to informationasymmetry (when one party or group, or community has more information than others), small farmers, particularly rural farmers, are not equally informed and equipped with advanced technologies which help advance their skills and knowledge of farming [7]. Due to a lack of appropriate training and skills, they may not be able to adopt/use the latest equipment such as digital technologies (e.g., mobile phone, internet, and computer) and inputs (e.g., seeds, fertilizers, fungicides, and pesticides or effective use of existing agricultural inputs) to increase agricultural productivity [8]. Therefore, the crop yields and incomes of these farmers are low, which is not conducive to their livelihoods and rural development [9; 10; 11; 12]. Hence, advanced methods used to reduce information asymmetry are worthwhile, especially when using information and communication technology (ICT) to improve farm performance and overall agricultural productivity. Technological innovations are becoming increasingly crucial in agricultural development and productivity. The use of ICTs in agriculture provides a more efficient and cost-effective way of sharing and exchanging knowledge more widely. Farmers benefit from access to key information such as pest reports, weather conditions, and market prices [13]. The use of Internet technology (IT) can help reduce information asymmetry as it disseminates information fast and at a low cost. Mobile phones have a long history of only being used for voice communication and text message. Recent advancements in mobile phones, including smartphones, revolutionized using the internet on mobile phones. The essential primary features of mobile phones allow users to access the internet without using a computer. Internet access through a mobile phone influenced us, including farmers [14]. Previous evidence has proven that the adoption/use of mobile Internet technology (MIT) can improve the accessibility of financial and agricultural services for smallholder farmers [8; 15], the availability of input and output markets [16], and the promotion of income activities (such as non-agricultural commodities). Due to the significant advantages of MIT, some developing countries have adopted many Internet-based agendas to implement farms better for rural development [17; 18; 19]. For example, the internet + agriculture + finance model, rural e-commerce, and farmer's field school are Internet-based agendas used in China [20]. The ICT has drastically modified communication, sales and information methods [21]. Several studies have investigated the effects of Internet use by ICTs, such as mobile phones and computers on-farm performance and rural household's productivity income [22; 23; 24].