); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.G.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.G.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.C. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.G.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.G.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.G.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (B.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z.) [PERSON]
1 Department of Networks, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100033, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (C.W. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.D. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.Z. order modulation format, broadband wavelength-division multiplexing, and polarization-division multiplexing have been widely investigated and applied, effectively meeting the ever-growing demand for network traffic [1; 2; 3]. However, due to the limited low-loss wavelength windows and nonlinear effects in single-mode fibers (SMFs), the capacity of a standard SMF has approached its nonlinear Shannon limit [4]. Although ultra-low-loss large-effective-mode-area fibers can mitigate the nonlinear impact and enhance the transmission capacity, it is still a formidable challenge to keep up with the exponentially growing traffic demands of future ultra-high-speed coherent optical transmission networks [5; 6]. Recently, the space-division multiplexed (SDM) transmission technique has attracted extensive research interest and is considered a promising candidate for next-generation ultra-high-speed optical transmission networks due to its huge capacity potential. So far, there are two main technical routes for achieving SDM optical transmission. One is the mode-division multiplexed (MDM) transmission approach based on few-mode fibers (FMFs) or multi-mode fibers (MMFs), and the other is the core-division multiplexed (CDM) transmission technique utilizing multi-core fibers (MCFs). The fiber modes or fiber cores in SDM fibers can serve as multiplexed transmission channels and can significantly enhance the transmission capacity of a single fiber [7; 8]. For the MDM transmission technical route, a key issue is the difficulty in suppressing the modal crosstalk among different spatial modes. This crosstalk severely affects the quality of the received signals.