## 5 Conclusions  
A collaborative switching multi-microwave sources heating model is proposed to improve material temperature uniformity and energy utilization efficiency in microwave heating. We are optimizing the system control architecture to handle communication  
Figure 10: Compare the temperature distribution of potatoes in the heating model of the simulation experiment. (**i**) Heating effect of potato under the multi-microwave sources constant power strategy. (**ii**) Heating effect of potato under the multi-microwave sources consistent variable power. (**iii**) Heating effect of potato under the group switching consistent variable power. (**iv**) Heating effect of potato under the multi-microwave sources collaborative switching heating strategy. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Heating Strategies** & \(|\mathbf{S_{1}}|\) & \(\boldsymbol{COV}\) \\ \hline (i) Multi-microwave sources constant power strategy & 0.4502 & 0.2435 \\ (ii) Multi-microwave sources consistent variable power (method of [29]) & 0.1209 & 0.3801 \\ (iii) Group switching consistent variable power (method of [16]) & 0.1454 & 0.3729 \\ (iv) Multi-microwave sources collaborative switching heating strategy & 0.3587 & 0.1928 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Heating effect parameters of potatoes under different strategies in multi-microwave sources systems. congestion caused by DoS attacks and adopting a fixed lower bound event-triggered scheme to prevent Zeno behavior resulting from DoS attacks. We used the distributed combined heating strategy of multi-microwave sources based on collaborative switching to balance the conflict between microwave heating efficiency and material temperature uniformity. A numerical model of multi-microwave sources coordinated consistent switching heating is constructed using the finite element method. SiC has the best temperature uniformity distribution and energy utilization efficiency among the eight heating strategies, the minimum values for \(COV\) and \(|S_{11}|\) are 0.0066 and 0.4449, respectively. The microwave energy utilization efficiency is increased by 4.3\(\sim\)10.7%, and the temperature uniformity is improved by 25.6\(\sim\)43.6% compared to constant power heating with multi-microwave sources. The numerical examples effectively demonstrated the proposed switching model can optimize the temperature field distribution during microwave heating. Four comparative heating experiments were performed on potatoes to highlight the effectiveness and universal applicability of the multi-microwave sources collaborative switching heating strategy. The total power input of the cavity was kept constant throughout the experiments. The results demonstrated that the collaborative switching heating strategy improved the temperature uniformity of potatoes by 20.82% compared to the constant power strategy; it is important to note that this improvement was lower than heating strategies (ii) and (iii). However, in the four comparative heating experiments, the microwave energy utilization efficiency of the multi-microwave source collaborative switching heating strategy was the highest, reaching 64.17%. The results above demonstrate that the distributed combined heating strategy of multi-microwave sources based on event-triggered collaborative switching can effectively optimize material temperature uniformity. We have also discovered an interesting phenomenon where there is a subtle balance between enhancing heating efficiency and improving temperature distribution uniformity. In the future, we will further study the diversity of group switch topology patterns and the temporal order of group switch topology modes throughout the heating period to better optimize the temperature field distribution, which will be an exciting area of focus. Conceptualization, B.Y. and Z.Z. ; methodology, Z.Z. ; software, Z.Z. ; validation, B.Y., Z.Z. and H.Z. ; formal analysis, Z.Z. ; investigation, Y.C. ; resources, B.Y. ; data curation, B.Y. ; writing--original draft preparation, Z.Z. ; writing--review and editing, B.Y.