## 4 Testing and Result Discussion
### System Deployment in the Real Scenario
UAV flight over flat terrain: this experiment was performed to test the performance of the UAV that had been built from the scratch with the purpose of checking how good its flying abilities were. It was expected that the UAV would fly with ease and no issues. Results matched the expectations. 2. UAV flight over hilly/rocky terrain: this experiment was performed to know how different terrain conditions would affect the UAV flight, or if any change would take place at all. While flight itself was fine, the UAV flipped over when landing had to be taken (this resulted in no damage for the UAV). More careful planning for landing was performed afterwards. 3. UAV flight over cattle: the flight of the UAV was tested to know to what extent the system built with FPV equipment, along with the UAV, would work for cattle monitoring when the UAV flies at a certain altitude above the animals. They worked as expected with no issue. Due to altitude flight, animals were oblivious to the existence of the hovering UAV in this experiment. 4. UAV shepherd-like flight: this experiment was carried out with the purpose of gathering the sheep scattered in the countryside, in a functionality that would mimic what a shepherd dog would do. There were some previous ideas about what to expect from this experiment due to the reviewed literature, so it was believed that the cattle would behave in way comparable to how they would behave with an actual shepherd. This expectation was indeed confirmed by the field tests: the UAV would push the sheep around so that they became a compact herd that could be rounded up and guided with ease. 5. Data collection from UAV: the experiment described shows that information could be obtained from the UAV, and it would be relevant enough. Since images of the gathered sheep and their location were obtained, expectations regarding this experiment were regarded as fulfilled. 6. Data sharing via blockchain: this experiment had as target the information that had been collected from the UAV, as it was expected to include it in a blockchain tailored for this proposal that would enhance its availability. Once the images were converted to Base64 text, there were no issues adding the to the tailored blockchain that was developed for the project. 7. Data sharing via IPFS: the experiment involved sharing he data that had been integrated in the blockchain as JSON-formatted files among the participants of the IPFS network. Although it was possible to perform this action, the public caching website described in [51] was used to enhance data availability. These experiments have been further summarized in Table 8. It is the opinion of the authors of the paper that the hypothesis that was presented in Section 2 (_\"can a UAVs-based framework be used to monitoring livestock so that data can be collected and can be kept in a secure way?\"_) has been answered positively, as it has been proven that the UAV can be used to monitor cattle with significant precision, and the data collected from have been gathered and shared in a secure way via a system that made use of a theoretical model that was implemented and tested in real world conditions. From the point of view of the hypothesis, a prototype was designed and implemented as described in Section 3 (which fulfills the requirements formulated in such section) and the testing activities performed in Section 4 prove that, judging from the usual functionalities expected by farmers, the described system has been validated.