## 4 Discussion  
The main objective of the study was to determine post-exercise physiological changes in judo athletes under varying thermal conditions. The research concerned determining the level of change in total anaerobic work (TW) and relative peak power (RPP) during a special judo fitness test. During the tests, the dynamics of changes in anaerobic capacity indices were defined in sets of exercises with different loads and varying ambient temperatures. [PERSON] [27] found that in trained individuals, homeostasis is restored more quickly after physical work, thus reducing recovery time and allowing for subsequent physical activity. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [21] and [PERSON] et al. [42] indicated that endurance training improves the function of oxygen supply mechanisms and, consequently, ATP resynthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. Thermoregulatory mechanisms also become improved [43; 44]. The results of our study showed that specialised stimuli used in the training of judo athletes significantly develop the anaerobic efficiency of the human body, while they do not modify the aerobic capacity (VO\({}_{\text{2 max}}\)) [10; 45]. Furthermore, the level of relative peak power (PP) and total work (TW), as well as the level of VO\({}_{\text{2 max}}\) are significantly related to the way of conducting the fight [2]. The thermal factor can also have a significant effect on physiological and biochemical changes and the effectiveness of the fight. In the opinion of the authors, the results of the present research have practical implications for training staff in designing training programmes and for athletes of combat sports. In terms of body height, body mass and body composition, the judo athletes from Poland participating in the study were similar to those from other countries [46]. During judo competitions, the athlete should be able to perform short bouts of physical exercise at peak power. The very frequent choice of the Wingate test to assess the anaerobic capacity of judo athletes is not coincidental, as it is highly specific for the assessment of anaerobic capacity since the contribution of anaerobic processes in such an effort can reach up to 90% [47]. The peak power and total work recorded in the Wingate test highly correlate with the effectiveness of athletes during the fight [19]. [PERSON] et al. [48] demonstrated a high correlation between post-exercise LA and the temporal structure of the bout. Correlations between post-exercise LA levels and the course of the judo fight have also been demonstrated in previous studies [48; 49]. Moreover, in many of them, it was found that it is the high efficiency of glycolytic (anaerobic lactate) processes that may play a decisive role in combat sports, including judo, and that the level of oxygen supply to tissues, which determines the resynthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, affects an athlete's performance, having a significant impact on the course of the fight [6; 50]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Measurement** & \(\boldsymbol{p}\) \\ \hline sp & 0.314 \\ \hline After 1 st effort & 0.382 \\ \hline Before 2 nd effort & 0.649 \\ \hline After 2 nd effort & 0.662 \\ \hline Before 3 rd effort & 0.751 \\ \hline After 3 rd effort & 0.481 \\ \hline Before 4 th effort & 0.537 \\ \hline After 4 th effort & 0.871 \\ \hline Before 5 th effort & 0.409 \\ \hline After 5 th effort & 0.748 \\ \hline After 1 h & \textless{}0.001 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Differences in lactate levels between 21 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 31 \({}^{\circ}\)C, separately for each measurement (ANOVA, planned comparisons). The main parameters of anaerobic capacity are relative peak power (RPP) and total work (TW). The tested athletes had a peak power of 12.12 \(\pm\) 0.87 W\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\) in the test performed with LL. These values were higher than those of Polish judo athletes, who achieved results of 11.46 \(\pm\) 1.17 W\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\)[49], similar to national team members from Canada, Brazil and Great Britain [46].