## 3 Problem Statement
### Supply Chain Management-Oriented Biodiversity Protection Practices
The application of sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) technology in logistics processes enables the monitoring of the transport and storage of goods, minimizing the negative impact on the environment. This tracking accuracy contributes to reduced emissions, the optimal use of resources, and more efficient supply chain management. Using data analytics and artificial intelligence, businesses can identify areas where sustainable practices can be implemented. These analysis systems enable the identification of ecological hot-spots, improving resource management and reducing negative impacts on biodiversity. Blockchain technology can be used for traceability and transparency in the supply chain, especially in industries that use natural resources. This helps prevent illegal trade and illegal exploitation, supporting the fair and sustainable use of resources. The integration of technologies such as drones and geographic information systems (GISs) enables the precise mapping of terrain, the identification of sensitive habitats, and monitoring of changes in ecosystems. These technological solutions contribute to the sustainable management of resources and a reduction in the negative impact on biodiversity. Essentially, technological innovations in supply chains not only increase business efficiency but also provide tools to actively reduce negative impacts on biodiversity, making sustainability an integral part of business operations [67]. This practice aligns with SDG 9, SDG 12, and SDG 15 through enhanced efficiency, transparency, and data-driven strategies that actively reduce environmental impacts and support biodiversity conservation. The application of green technologies (P\({}_{6}\)) in the context of logistics activities directly affects the reduction in negative impacts on ecosystems [68]. The use of energy-efficient means of transport, such as electric and hybrid trucks, contributes to reducing harmful gas emissions and minimizes the impact of transport on biodiversity. Tracking and transport management systems enable route optimization, reducing the need for additional journeys and reducing pressure on ecosystems. In warehouses, the application of green technologies includes the use of automated inventory management systems and temperature control systems. These systems not only increase storage efficiency but also reduce product losses, reducing the need for intensive agricultural practices that can negatively impact biodiversity. Handling and packaging management platforms also contribute to reducing waste and negative impacts on nature. Integrating recyclable and reusable materials into packaging reduces resource consumption and helps preserve natural habitats. Through all these applications of green technologies, supply chains become more sustainable, reducing their ecological footprint and contributing to the preservation of biodiversity. These innovations not only increase the efficiency of logistics processes but also lay the foundation for a long-term balance between economic activity and nature protection. This practice aligns with SDG 12, SDG 13, and SDG 15 through energy-efficient transport, waste reduction, and sustainable resource use, thereby minimizing ecological footprints and preserving biodiversity. Sustainable use of resources (P\({}_{7}\)) implies efficient and responsible access to resources along the entire supply chain, from production to distribution [69]. The implementation of the sustainable use of resources includes various aspects. One of them is the optimization of the production process to minimize waste and reduce the consumption of raw materials. Through the use of efficient technologies and innovations, companies can increase resource efficiency, reducing the negative impact on biodiversity. There cycling and reuse of materials are becoming key elements of sustainable resource use. The integration of circular models into supply chains implies the reuse of products, parts, or materials, reducing the need for new resources and minimizing the amount of waste.