# Emotions and Colors in a Design Archiving System: Applying AI Technology for Museums
## 2 Background and Related Research
### The Connection between Colors and Emotion
The monochrome image scale (Figure 1) and the emotional adjective scale of the IRI Institute visually present the emotions related to various colors on a two-dimensional scale by conducting a semantic differential (SD) factor analysis and projective methods [30]. The scale is a quadrant divided according to dynamic-static and soft-hard axes. A total of 118 words are positioned at coordinates on the plot and divided into 12 categories: \"clear\", \"gentle\", \"pretty\", \"natural\", \"springy\", \"gorgeous\", \"elegant\", \"faint\", \"dynamic\", \"modern\", \"decent\", and \"high\" (Figure 1). Descriptive emotional adjectives are grouped with the main emotional adjectives. For instance, the main emotional adjectives include descriptive emotional adjectives such as \"clear\", \"soft\", \"mild\", \"delicate\", \"neat\", \"transparent\", \"light\", and \"refreshing\"; other emotional adjectives groups can be found in Figure 1. This IRI image scale providescolor analysis tools and a color image scale that can be used offline or online at the IRI Institute [29]. Figure 1: IRI hue and tones palette, IRI monochrome image scale, and IRI adjective image scale. **(A)** IRI hue and tones palette; **(B)** IRI monochrome image scale; **(C)** IRI adjective image scale. It is important to know the relationship between color and emotion from an exhibition design perspective for curators. Colors must be selected that will instantly convey the desired messages, because colors create a particular mood and ambiance [14]. Visitors respond to color both emotionally and physically, and it is important that exhibit colors evoke the correct response and convey the proper messages [14]. In this sense, how a particular color affects a visitor is always a major concern for the designer during the color selection process [14]. As visitors move from one exhibit area to another, there are times when it is necessary for them to be relaxed, and at other times, to be stimulated [14]. A good rule to remember is that warm colors such as yellow, yellow-orange, orange, red-orange, red, and red-violet stimulate, and cool colors such as yellow-green, green, green-blue, blue, blue-violet, and violet calm and relax [14]. Meanwhile, the previous studies presented above focused on the use of color to provoke an emotional response from the audience, but few studies have been conducted that bridged emotions and artworks. In addition, few archival systems have been designed for this purpose. If there is a system that reads the emotion of artworks based on colors, it will assist curators when they are designing exhibitions. Considering the literature, it is evident that color stimulates a person to perceive specific emotions and symbolism [31]. The symbolism of colors, especially those related to emotions, has been extensively explored through previous studies, but this has not been properly archived. In the current research, we studied how we can utilize these emotional data from color to build a new design archiving system.