## 4 Discussion
The experiment was conducted in a double-blind fashion. Experimenters were unblinded after all data were collected. A total of 13 individuals, 6 in Group A (male = 0, female = 6, 75.7 \(\pm\) 4.1 years old) and 7 in Group B (male = 0, female = 7, 79.3 \(\pm\) 7.9 years old), completed the entire protocol. All 25 participants completed the ubiquinol intake and exercise trials, but for 12 of the subjects, at least one of the various measurements required for this study was unavailable due to human error (either on the part of the researchers or the subjects). This resulted in only 13 subjects being included in the analyses. All subjects with complete data were included. No bias was involved in removing subjects with missing data. Males were not specifically excluded from this study. Although we expected approximately equal numbers of male and female participants, only females chose to or were able to fully participate in our study. The population of Japan has the longest life expectancy of any country worldwide. According to the Statistics Bureau of Japan, in 2011, there were 1707 million females and 1268 million males aged 65 years and older. Consistent with the trend of more females than males, in 2021, there were 2057 million females and 1583 million males 65 years of age and older. The older adults who used this service, provided by a city home for the elderly in a Tokyo suburb, were originally approximately ten times more likely to be female. Beyond addressing the experimental question, our study also provided an avenue to communicate with older adults in the community and provide them with a healthy experience while also providing field training for our students. In another study, ubiquinol supplementation, as assessed by the SF-36 subjective quality of life score, resulted in genotype-dependent (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) physical and mental health benefits, but this study also only included females [57]. In order to generalize these results to a broader population, additional, larger studies will need to be performed involving females and males. The development of wearable sensor systems that track and record human physiological states has been actively underway [58; 59], but given the limitations unique to wearables, infrared imaging sensors, which are non-contact, with less stress and thus physiological recording is available with low basic influence on the target person [36; 60], were used in this trial. Although it was difficult to address significant effects given the presence of disturbing artifacts associated with the infrared light, the integrated results were consistent with the results indicating that ADH and positive psychological indicators were related to body surface temperature fluctuation [61], suggesting the possibility of successful validation based on previous reports. The mean (IR_ave) and standard deviation (IR_sd) of infrared intensity, i.e., the body surface temperature, were not related to ubiquinol intake (Figures 3 and 4, and Table 1), whereas IR_sd was significantly associated with plasma ADH levels and positive mood scores (STAY-positive) (Table 2). The relationship between alterations in body temperature rhythm and psychological states [36] might be explained by the reported mechanism linking vasopressin and oxytocin with adrenocorticropin (ACTH)regulated in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) that are involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system [62]. Because we used low-resolution infrared image sensors to detect the temperature on the same body part, usually the head, there were some potential limitations associated with measuring body surface temperatures. In this study, subtle differences between anxiety states, as determined by STAI-positive and -negative indicators, and depression as determined by BDI-II, which is induced by antioxidant supplementation [63], may be observed in multivariate analysis using our BOUQUET method and multiple regression analysis.