## 1 Introduction
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**Reference** & **Definition** & **Highlights** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[20]} & Cycle Type: Indirectly Combined, Dual Refrigeration & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-32\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-8\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Evaporator & Key Outcomes: A CO\({}_{2}\) booster refrigeration system was combined with an ORC using octamethyltrisiloxane to recover compressor \\  & Fluids: Octamethyltrisiloxane, CO\({}_{2}\) & waste heat. The system reduced electricity consumption by up to 7.03\% and achieved a COP improvement of up to 7.60\%, with a 5.45-year payback period. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[21]} & Cycle Type: Directly Combined, Dual Refrigeration & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-32\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-8\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Evaporator & Key Outcomes: A solar-driven CO\({}_{2}\)-based polygeneration system was proposed for supermarket cooling, heating, and power. It achieved 67.8\% energy efficiency, 10.1\% energy efficiency, and a net present value of 543 k\(\epsilon\), with a 7.55-year payback period. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[22]} & Cycle Type: Directly Combined, Dual Refrigeration & Operating Conditions: ORC evaporator temperature \(100\)\({}^{\circ}\)C, condenser temperature \(40\)\({}^{\circ}\)C, refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(5\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Fluids: Hexane, Butane, R245 fa, Pentane, Isopentane & Key Outcomes: A dual-evaporator VCC system combined with an ORC was evaluated using five working fluids. Butane yielded the best performance with 0.377 COP, 10.91\% exergy efficiency, and a 5.8-year payback period. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[23]} & Cycle Type: Indirectly Combined, Dual Refrigeration & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-32\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-8\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Evaporator & Key Outcomes: An ORC was integrated into a transcritical R744 \\  & Fluids: CO\({}_{2}\), Isopentane & supermarket system with and without parallel compression. In hot climates, the ORC supplied up to 24\% of electricity demand, with a payback period below 0.5 years. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[26]} & Cycle Type: Refrigeration, Dual Refrigeration Evapor & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-35\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Fluid: CO\({}_{2}\) & Key Outcomes: Three transcranial CO\({}_{2}\) cycles with eject expansion were analyzed for Turkey’s varied climates. Elector cycles reduced annual energy use by up to 17\% and exergy costs by 28\%, with exergy efficiency gains up to 46\% over the booster cycle. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[27]} & Cycle Type: Refrigeration, Dual Refrigeration Evapor & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-35\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Fluid: CO\({}_{2}\) & \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[28]} & Cycle Type: Refrigeration, Dual Refrigeration Evapor & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-35\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Fluid: CO\({}_{2}\) & Key Outcomes: Three transcranial CO\({}_{2}\) cycles with eject expansion were analyzed for Turkey’s varied climates. Elector cycles reduced annual energy use by up to 17\% and exergy costs by 28\%, with exergy efficiency gains up to 46\% over the booster cycle. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[31]} & Cycle Type: Indirectly Combined, Single Refrigeration Evapor & Operating Conditions: Refrigeration evaporator temperature \(-35\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(-10\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Fluids: R123, R134a, R245 fa, R227 ea, R1234 ze, R1234f, Propane, Butane & Key Outcomes: A dual-di-el vector CO\({}_{2}\) system was analyzed for 64 fluid combinations. The R123-propane pair achieved the best performance with 16.48\% efficiency and a COP of 2.85 at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C condenser temperature. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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