# Enhancing Space Management through Digital Twin: A Case Study of the Lazio Region Headquarters
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Digital Transformation in Modern Work Environments  
A modern working environment could never foster employee engagement without a strong technological contribution to underpin the new working paradigms. Sensors, devices, and analytics platforms make the most advanced offices almost'sentienti', ready to adapt to the needs of those who occupy them. The only management approach capable of creating engagement is one based on the exploitation of data: these, collected and processed by IoT platforms, devices, and systems available to the workforce, can guide the SM processes of the building, increasing knowledge of the use of resources and the interactions between space and people. Today, technology is not limited to monitoring services, and, far from being secondary, it can intervene proactively to ensure continuity; however, it can go much further, measuring subjective well-being and the quality of relationships to understand whether the ecosystem is growing or not, whether virtuous relationships are developing, and whether the system of relationships is positive, generating value. The digital competencies of a company, that is to say, its managers' capacity to use a variety of technologies for the integration of data and processes, are indispensable to the development of novel business strategies. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the corporate landscape, driving an acceleration in the adoption of digital solutions to overcome interpersonal restrictions and ensure business continuity. During the crisis, companies encountered several challenges, including liquidity issues,risks to business continuity, and significant job losses. In this context, digital technologies have played a pivotal role, enabling companies to adapt swiftly and maintain their operations. This transformation has had a profound impact on lifestyles and working patterns, marking a significant turning point for several sectors [86; 87]. The adoption of advanced digital systems during the pandemic has stimulated considerable research, which has highlighted the importance of adopting and integrating new technologies to overcome the crisis. These studies align with Dynamic Capability Theory, highlighting the ability of organizations to detect, seize, and reconfigure resources in times of turbulence, as described by [PERSON] et al. [88]. In support of this, McKinsey & Company and the OECD (2020) have observed that strategies such as teleworking and the expansion of digital sales channels have become common responses to the crisis, resulting in increased investment in ICT, indicating that technology skills will be essential to the resilience and future success of businesses [89; 90]. This research examined the potential of digital transition and strategic change to enhance operational efficiency while simultaneously opening up new avenues for value creation [91]. It is evident that, in addition to supporting companies during the crisis, this transformative process has also paved the way for future innovations in business models. By embracing digital transformation, companies aim to use technological innovation to enhance their efficiency, effectiveness, and competitiveness in the market. In this context, the term \"digital transformation\" assumes a more strategic connotation, as digitization facilitates the improvement of business processes and operations, thereby increasing efficiency and innovation [92]. Nevertheless, despite the advantages, it is crucial to acknowledge that small- and medium-sized enterprises frequently encounter significant obstacles, such as a lack of financial resources and technological expertise, which can impede their progress towards digital transformation [93; 94; 95; 96]. The main challenges in developing the methodology were found in the implementation of the different technologies used, i.e., the integration of BIM with IoT, AI, and DT systems.