## 3 Network Framework Design to Communicate Interaction in Virtual Concerts  
The network framework proposed in this paper represents the biggest difference between the network configuration of the existing metaverse-based virtual concert system and the network configuration described in Section 2, Section 3, Section 4. To solve the problem of exponentially increasing the number of users accessing the virtual concert channel as the size of the existing virtual concert users is expanded to a large scale, we applied virtual channelization technology. In an environment where the number of channels changes variably, the bidirectional interaction data channel was separated to ensure that interaction data can be well synchronized and represented in the virtual concert channel. Figure 7 below proposes a method for sending data, including information to identify the interaction target, for the audience to transmit interaction data to the performer. Considering the virtual channel and the dynamically changing network environment, we adopted an SDN (software-defined networking) type of framework. The Data Plane is composed of node models that receive information from the audience in the virtual concert and perform SDN switch functions. The node and the process models inside the node send their information to the Control Plane, which is then delivered to the MCF (Media Control Function) microservice of the XDN for the preparation of authenticating audience information and assigning zones. Some studies receive and store the node's information in the form of a pointer using a shared memory interface [33], but this study does not deal with specific packet processing methods for synchronizing other network depths outside of the interaction channel. The main information of the node received from the Control Plane includes the node's Id, ToS for traffic path information, location in the virtual concert, and access environment information. Before the virtual concert begins, if the entire audience has entered, the MCF sends the node information to the Intelligence Controller. Once the MCF receives information about the audience that has entered the virtual concert, it sends the node's packet information to the Intelligence Controller to create zones and assign audiences to each zone. First, 2D (which could also be 3D depending on the nature of the world) coordinates are generated through the audience location coordinates within the virtual concert world, and clustering is carried out in the Zone Better. Various metrics including the elbow method are used to determine the appropriate number of clusters c, and the fuzzy c-means algorithm is performed accordingly to generate the number of zones and centroids. Once the coordinates of the centroid within the virtual concert are determined, the Zone Better performs clustering and assigns zones to each node. Then, the MIF ingests the node information, including zone information, after compressing it. After the concert starts and interaction data are sent from the node, the process mentioned above is followed until the MIF accumulates interaction data within zones. The MIF classifies the types of interaction data accumulated over a period of time, measures the amount of data transferred for each type, and sends it all to the Interaction Group Manager. This information is then sent entirely to the Interaction Group Manager. The  
Figure 7: Network framework that transmits audience interactions. types of interactions can be configured as shown in Table 2, but the virtual concert producer has the discretion to specify more diverse interaction data types. The interaction data from the node are sent to the performer and, to avoid affecting the performance provided in the form of streaming, the interaction transmission channel is kept separate. Furthermore, to synchronize the streaming and interaction, the MIF performs the task of synchronizing both channels.