# A Multidimensional Evaluation Approach for the Natural Parks Design
## 4 Application of the Complex Social Value: Research Steps
### Protection Levels: Classification of Homogeneous Areas  
The complex social value enables the measure of the protection degree to be achieved in the individual park areas. It must, therefore, be determined for each homogeneous zone. The comparison of the results leads to the ranking and classification of the zones: zones with the highest complex social value are those in which it is preferable not to carry out any transformation; for areas with a lower complex social value, modifications of the use characters may be envisaged. Multicriteria qualitative-quantitative analysis was applied to estimate the complex social value for the single homogeneous zones. Based on the reference literature [30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45], the criteria considered are the following: \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Zone** & **Location** & **Mining Activities** & **Landfills** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{A} & Calvanico & Fossils & Illegal landfills \\ \cline{2-4}  & Costa Grande & - & Landfill of municipal solid waste \\ \hline B & - & - & - \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{C} & Rocca dell’Aquila & Disused quarry & - \\ \cline{2-4}  & Fisciano & - & Landfill of municipal solid waste \\ \hline D & San Cipriano Picentino & Active quarry & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Land use and productive activities. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Zone**} & **Main Flora–Vegetational–Forest** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Main Wildlife**} \\ \cline{3-5}  & **Presences** & **Mammals** & **Amphibians** & **Reptiles** & **Birds** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{A} & Beech & Marten & & \begin{tabular}{c} Pregrine Falcon, \\ Landrio \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-5}  & Chestnut & Weasel & - & \begin{tabular}{c} Buzzard \\ Hoopoe \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-5}  & Holm oak & Badger & & \begin{tabular}{c} Cottressola \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-5}  & Aquilina fern & Wolf & & \begin{tabular}{c} Orbettina \\ \end{tabular} & Codirosso \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{B} & Oak & Surnottolo & - & Biacco & Frosone \\ \cline{2-5}  & Cerro & & & \begin{tabular}{c} Sorpone \\ \end{tabular} \\ \cline{2-5}  & Chestnut & Flour & & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Sorpone \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{C} & Orniello & Tree frog & Cervone & Taccola \\ \cline{2-5}  & Hornbeam & - & Fire salamander &
\begin{tabular}{c} Grass snake of \\ the collar \\ \end{tabular} & Zigolo \\ \hline D & - & - & - & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Flora and wildlife present in the park area. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Zone** & **Land Use** & **Productive Activities** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{A} & Prevalence of woods, chestnut and beech woods, & \\  & grazing and bushy pasture & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{B} & Woods, chestnuts, hazelnuts and beeches, with the & Agriculture \\  & presence of specialized crops: citrus and olive & \\  & groves; grazing and bushy pasture & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{C} & Prevalence of arable land and specialized crops: & \\  & citrus and olive groves; grazing and bushy pasture & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{D} & Prevalence of arable land and specialized crops: & Agriculture and farming, industrial activities: \\  & citrus and olive groves & light manufacturing and tanneries \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Land use and productive activities. * C1. landscape/perceptual quality;
* C2. archaeological/cultural quality;
* C3. vegetation quality;
* C4. wildlife quality;
* C5. quality of production activities;
* C6. accessibility. Criteria C1 to C4 reflect the \"intrinsic\" quality of the area (value independent of use); C5 and C6 reflect the \"extrinsic\" quality (use value). The indicators selected to express the chosen criteria are:  
* I1. level of presence in the area of sites with particular aesthetic value;
* I.2. state of archaeological/cultural emergencies;
* I.3. level of presence of flora-vegetational species with particular interest and rarity;
* I.4. level of presence of rare wildlife species;
* I.5.