## 1 Introduction
Consequently, steel slag can be utilized as a potential raw material for geopolymers [19]. [PERSON] et al. discovered that substituting cement with steel slag can significantly enhance the compressive strength of solidified clay, thereby achieving low-carbon green soil consolidation [20]. [PERSON] et al. investigated the use of a fly ash-slag geopolymer mortar for recycling waste cathode ray tube glass (CRT). Through their study, they determined that the optimal alkali content and silica powder modulus for geopolymer recycled CRT were 6% and 1.5, respectively [21]. [PERSON] et al. conducted a study where they utilized volcanic ash and tailings to solidify the road base soil. They discovered that the bearing capacity of the solidified soil, as determined through unconfined compression tests, was higher than that of the undisturbed soil [22]. [PERSON] et al. and [PERSON] et al. conducted research on the use of alkali-activated fly ash for solidifying loess and enhancing soft soil. The experiments demonstrated that the alkaline-activated fly ash was successful in enhancing both the strength of the soil and its microstructure [23; 24]. [PERSON] et al. observed that the microscopic morphology and physical phase of steel slag powder cement-solidified muddy soil undergo changes with erosion time. They found that C\({}_{4}\)AF and C\({}_{2}\)AF in steel slag powder can effectively reduce ion erosion. The lower steel slag powder demonstrates a good solidification effect and promotes early strength development in the solidified soil [25; 26]. [PERSON] et al. conducted a study on the use of steel slag base material for the reinforcement of soft soil. They discovered that when the steel slag base material content is 20%, the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soft soil can reach 1.2 MPa after 28 days [27]. In their experimental study on the compressive strength of fly ash-steel slag geopolymers, [PERSON] et al. discovered that the combination of fly ash and steel slag in preparing geopolymer composite cementitious materials resulted in improved early and later strength, thanks to their synergistic effect [28]. [PERSON] et al. discovered that the vitreous body of fly ash in alkali-activated fly ash geopolymer undergoes a depolymerization-condensation reaction when exposed to alkaline solution, leading to erosion and damage. This reaction results in the formation of N-A-S-H gel, which fills the pores of the sample and enhances the growth of its unconfined compressive strength. The maximum value of 10.3 MPa for the unconfined compressive strength of the sample is achieved when the modulus is 1.1 and the curing age is 28 days [29]. [PERSON] et al. investigated the use of water glass solution to enhance the activity of fly ash for solidifying loess. The experimental study revealed that a decrease in the modulus of water glass and an increase in the Baume degree resulted in a continuous increase in the compressive strength of the solidified loess. When the molding condition was set at 1.5 and the Baume degree was 30, the compressive strength measured 3.42 MPa [30]. [PERSON] et al. discovered that by utilizing steel slag and deslufurized gypsum as soil stabilizers, the ultimate compressive strength of the stabilized soil can be enhanced and the curing period can be reduced when subjected to carbonization curing [31]. Currently, numerous studies utilize single steel slag, fly ash, or cement as the raw material for geopolymer, either individually or in combination. However, the use of these geopolymers as a single raw material or the absence of activators greatly restricts their ability to solidify soil. There is a scarcity of research on the solidification of loess using a mixture of steel slag and fly ash as admixtures, along with water glass as an activator. Fly ash has the ability to eliminate the unstable influence in steel slag. Additionally, water glass can effectively activate the hydration reaction of the combination of steel slag and fly ash, resulting in the formation of a material with gelling properties.