## 1 Introduction
The substantial energy and material costs involved in these procedures significantly elevate the overall production expenses. As a result, these high costs limit the feasibility of large-scale production of aluminum nanoparticles [14], making it challenging to meet the growing demand in various industrial sectors. Additionally, the high costs hinder the adoption of these technologies in emerging markets, where economic constraints are more pronounced and sustainable, and cost-effective solutions are in greater demand. In this context, green synthesis emerges as a promising alternative to the production of aluminum nanoparticles. This approach relies on the use of environmentally friendly reagents and reaction conditions, thereby minimizing the generation of toxic waste and energy consumption. The benefits of green synthesis extend beyond reducing environmental impact; they also include cost reduction and improved biocompatibility of the resulting nanoparticles. Therefore, the implementation of green synthesis techniques represents a significant advancement toward the sustainable and economical production of aluminum nanoparticles, opening new opportunities for their application across various industries [15]. The principle behind green synthesis lies in harnessing the reducing power of biomolecules such as phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and enzymes present in these natural sources. These biomolecules act as both reducing agents, facilitating the reduction in metal ions (e.g., silver, gold, iron) to their respective zero-valent states, and as stabilizing agents, preventing aggregation and ensuring the stability of the resulting nanoparticles [16]. The process usually involves mixing a precursor solution of metal salts with an extract or biomass under controlled conditions. As the reduction reaction proceeds, nanoparticles nucleate and grow, guided by the biomolecules present in the natural extract. Phytates, also known as phytic acid or inositol hexaphophate (IP6), are chemical compounds belonging to the family of polyphosphates. They consist of an inositol ring with six phosphate groups attached at specific positions (Figure 1). Due to their structure, phytates possess the unique ability to form insoluble complexes with metals. In green synthesis processes, the presence of phytates (or phytic acid) in plant extracts can play a significant role. Phytates, abundant in various plant tissues [18], act as natural chelating agents due to their ability to bind metal ions through their multiple phosphate groups [19]. In the context of green nanoparticle synthesis, phytates can serve dual roles: they can act as reducing agents, facilitating the reduction in metal ions to form nanoparticles, and as stabilizing agents, preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles by binding to their surfaces and providing stability. Phytates serve as phosphorus storage compounds in seeds and grains, playing a crucial role in phosphorus metabolism regulation in plants [20]. In the context of somatic embryos, phytates are notably present due to their analogous role to seeds in mature plants [21]. Somatic embryos are multicellular structures developed in vitro from plant tissues, essentially functioning as initial \"seeds\" for the growth of new plants. Within these structures, phytates act as natural phosphorus reservoirs, crucial for the metabolism and early growth stages of plants during their initial developmental phase. The presence of phytates in somatic embryos not only ensures the availability of phosphorus essential for early growth but also influences key biological and biochemical processes that support the viability and development of these precursor plant structures. The objective of this study is to investigate and demonstrate the role of phytates extracted from cork oak somatic embryos in the environmentally friendly synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles. By leveraging their natural chelating and reducing properties, this research aims to advance the green synthesis of sustainable and biocompatible materials.