## 2 Materials and Methods
### Parametric Site Selection Methods  
According to the Park Design Code (2016), park entrance site selection generally considers the convenience, safety, and comfort of people arriving and leaving. In the traditional landscape design, designers will also consider the landscape design inside the park to make it convenient for people to reach the scenic spots of the park and to meet park management needs [4, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]. So, the parameters of park entrance site selection in traditional landscape design includes urban transportation direction and traffic, crowd direction and quantity, distance between the main entrances and the intersection of the city road, the per capita area of the gathering and evacuating square of the park entrance, and the landscape site design of the park (Table 2). Therefore, the park entrance site selection is related to crowd activities and site conditions. The parameters considered in this study included the park's service scope, crowd source, points of interest (POI) in the park, site topography, intersection with urban roads, and requirements for the area of the park entrance auxiliary sites (Table 3). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**No.** & **Parameters** & **Aims** & **Sources** \\ \hline
1 & Urban transportation direction, traffic & Easy for tourists to arrive and depart & \\
2 & Crowd direction, quantity & & Park Design Code (2016) \\
3 & Distance between the main entrances & Ensure the safety of crowds & \\  & and the intersection of the city road & & and vehicles \\  & The per capita area of the gathering & & \\
4 & and evacuating square of the & & Convenient for crowds to gather \\  & & park entrance & and evacuate \\
5 & Landscape site design of the park & Facilitate crowd arrival, evacuation, & The traditional methods of \\  & & and park management & landscape designers \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The parameters of the park entrances in traditional landscape design. The method of park entrance site selection in this study was as follows:  
1. Utilizing simulation techniques to track the trajectory of crowd movement towards the park and pinpointing locations where it intersects with the park perimeter, thereby identifying prospective entry points. 2. Conducting an assessment of the conformity between park entrance site parameters and pertinent standards and specifications in order to ascertain the optimal location for the park entrance. The process for the park entrance site selection involves four steps (Figure 2, Table 4): \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**No.** & **Steps** & **Aims** \\ \hline
1 & Arranging boundaries and key points & Defining boundaries and key points \\
2 & Selecting park entrance sites & Utilizing parameterized selection to choose the optimal entrance location \\
3 & Finding the primary and secondary & Determining the primary and secondary \\  & entrances & entrances \\
4 & Rechecking park entrances & Performing a final verification of the \\  & & auxiliary sites in the park entrance areas \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Steps of parameterized park entrance site selection. Figure 2: Process of parametric site selection of park entrance. (1) Arrangement of boundaries and key points  
The boundary is the boundary of the visitor source area within the park service scope (such as community borders and the office district) and the boundary of the park. Key points include inflection points in the design site, intersection of roads, primary sources of visitor traffic (which are determined based on the intended audience of the park), and the POI within the park which are pre-selected according to the geographical features of the park during the park's design phase. (2) Parameterized site selection of park entrance  
In this study, the Rhino + Grasshopper (R + G) platform was utilized for the parametric site selection of park entrances.