# Characterization of the Aroma Profile of Commercial Prosecco Sparkling Wines
## Results and Discussion
### Sorting Task Analysis
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{r c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Cluster A**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Cluster B**} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Compound**} & **Odor Threshold** & **Mean** & \multirow{2}{*}{**SD**} & **Mean** & \multirow{2}{*}{**SD**} & **\multirow{2}{*}{**SD**} & **\multirow{2}{*}{**_p_-Value**} & **Level** \\  & **(\#g/L) 1** & **(\#g/L)** & & & & & \\ \hline Carbon disulfide & 38 & 14.2 & \(\pm\)3.38 & 15.83 & \(\pm\)4.04 & 0.277 & \\ Dimethyl sulfide & 10 & 4.91 & \(\pm\)1.58 & 8.89 & \(\pm\)3.81 & 0.002 & *** \\ Diethyl sulfide & 18 & 0.64 & \(\pm\)0.38 & 1.7 & \(\pm\)0.6 & \(<\)0.0001 & *** \\ Dimethyl disulfide & 30 & 0.71 & \(\pm\)0.86 & 2.42 & \(\pm\)1.18 & 0.005 & *** \\ Ethyl thiacetate & 40 & 13.89 & \(\pm\)8.39 & 18.27 & \(\pm\)9.39 & 0.207 & \\ Diethyl disulfide & 4.3 & 0.09 & \(\pm\)0.1 & 0.41 & \(\pm\)0.3 & 0.000 & *** \\ Dimethyl trisulfide & 0.2 & 0.34 & \(\pm\)0.34 & 1.1 & \(\pm\)1.4 & 0.744 & \\ Sum of VSC & & 34.77 & \(\pm\)7.99 & 48.61 & \(\pm\)10.65 & 0.006 & *** \\ \hline
1-Butanol & 150,000 & 89.22 & \(\pm\)22.36 & 84.44 & \(\pm\)22.61 & 0.531 & \\ Isoamyl alcohol & 30,000 & 93,446.18 & \(\pm\)8421.84 & 92,598 & \(\pm\)11,058.2 & 0.955 & \\ Phenylethyl alcohol & 14,000 & 5701.79 & \(\pm\)1110.78 & 5148.49 & \(\pm\)1176.82 & 0.277 & \\ Benzyl alcohol & & 88.04 & \(\pm\)80.2 & 63.96 & \(\pm\)19.37 & 0.776 & \\ Methionol & 1000 & 176.98 & \(\pm\)52.42 & 203.58 & \(\pm\)66.71 & 0.331 & \\ Sum of higher alcohol & & 99,412.99 & \(\pm\)9275.54 & 98,014 & \(\pm\)12,077.15 & 0.955 & \\ \hline
1-Hexanol & 8000 & 844.62 & \(\pm\)143.82 & 1002.5 & \(\pm\)166.54 & 0.022 & ** \\ cis-3-Hexen-1-ol & 1000 & 14.07 & \(\pm\)2.64 & 16.66 & \(\pm\)3.42 & 0.040 & ** \\ trans-3-Hexen-1-ol & 400 & 138.91 & \(\pm\)21.85 & 143.11 & \(\pm\)27.59 & 0.569 & \\ cis-2-Hexen-1-ol & & 13.37 & \(\pm\)3.84 & 12.93 & \(\pm\)2.51 & 0.776 & \\ Sum of C6 alcohols & & 1010.96 & \(\pm\)147.9 & 1175.2 & \(\pm\)173.47 & 0.018 & ** \\ \hline Isoamyl acetate & 30 & 2164.76 & \(\pm\)1270.04 & 1073.78 & \(\pm\)617.39 & 0.041 & ** \\ n-Hexyl acetate & 1500 & 92.57 & \(\pm\)48.72 & 52.88 & \(\pm\)31.71 & 0.106 & \\ Phenethyl acetate & 250 & 196.24 & \(\pm\)135.08 & 115.82 & \(\pm\)55.45 & 0.063 & * \\ Sum of acetates & & 2453.57 & \(\pm\)1442.73 & 1242.49 & \(\pm\)696.56 & 0.041 & ** \\ \hline Ethyl acetate & 12,264 & 59.72 & \(\pm\)25.55 & 45.66 & \(\pm\)19.15 & 0.228 & \\ Ethyl butanoate & 20 & 290.62 & \(\pm\)48.25 & 254.11 & \(\pm\)75.9 & 0.082 & * \\ Ethyl hexanoate & 14 & 1185.59 & \(\pm\)272.96 & 1059.89 & \(\pm\)184.97 & 0.277 & \\ Ethyl octanoate & 5 & 743.37 & \(\pm\)102.26 & 738.53 & \(\pm\)203.34 & 0.820 & \\ Ethyl decanoate & 200 & 95.33 & \(\pm\)35.99 & 85.8 & \(\pm\)32.16 & 0.733 & \\ Sum of ethyl esters of straight-chain & & 2374.63 & \(\pm\)388.97 & 2184 & \(\pm\)433.82 & 0.277 & \\ fatty acids & & & & & & \\ \hline Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate & 18 & 5.8 & \(\pm\)2.66 & 11.06 & \(\pm\)8.67 & 0.072 & * \\ Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate & 3 & 12.42 & \(\pm\)5.65 & 20.55 & \(\pm\)15.02 & 0.167 & \\ Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyraterate & & 71.84 & \(\pm\)11.55 & 60.12 & \(\pm\)23.21 & 0.277 & \\ Ethyl 2-hydroxyhexanoate & & 0.89 & \(\pm\)0.27 & 1.06 & \(\pm\)0.44 & 0.258 & \\ Sum of ethyl esters of branched & & 90.96 & \(\pm\)11.61 & 92.79 & \(\pm\)33.04 & 0.776 & \\ acid & & & & & & \\ \hline Ethyl cinnamate & & 5.11 & \(\pm\)2.29 & 6.05 & \(\pm\)3.05 & 0.109 & \\ Ethyl lactate & 154,000 & 4386.48 & \(\pm\)2800.75 & 4538.15 & \(\pm\)1626.96 & 0.303 & \\ Sum of other esters & & 4391.59 & \(\pm\)2802.26 & 4544.2 & \(\pm\)1627.98 & 0.303 & \\ \hline
3-Methylbutanoic acid & 33 & 256.6 & \(\pm\)44.42 & 261.7 & \(\pm\)40.81 & 0.865 & \\ Hexanoic acid & 420 & 6435.45 & \(\pm\)579.8 & 6051.99 & \(\pm\)861.38 & 0.361 & \\ Octanoic acid & 500 & 9578.26 & \(\pm\)554.32 & 8178.39 & \(\pm\)2520.8 & 0.009 & *** \\ Sum of fatty acids & & 16,270.3 & \(\pm\)1090.48 & 14,492.1 & \(\pm\)2660.71 & 0.041 & ** \\ \hline cis-Linalool oxide & 3000 & 3.93 & \(\pm\)1.87 & 8.6 & \(\pm\)6.76 & 0.018 & ** \\ trans-Linalool oxide & 6000 & 2.49 & \(\pm\)1.15 & 4.04 & \(\pm\)3.22 & 0.186 & \\ Linalool & 25 & 11.13 & \(\pm\)6.03 & 12.52 & \(\pm\)23.11 & 0.106 & \\ Ternipen-1-ol & & 0.04 & \(\pm\)0.03 & 0.19 & \(\pm\)0.33 & 0.010 & ** \\ Terpinen-4-ol & & 1.43 & \(\pm\)0.82 & 1.04 & \(\pm\)0.43 & 0.353 & \\ Ho-trienol & 110 & 0.06 & \(\pm\)0.07 & 0.07 & \(\pm\)0.17 & 0.264 & \\ \(\alpha\)-Terpineol & & 6.8 & \(\pm\)2.66 & 5.68 & \(\pm\)3.04 & 0.339 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}