## 5 Results and Discussion  
### Multiple Factor Experiment Analysis  
ANOVA analyses for the BGR and UGR are shown in Tables 5 and 6, respectively. In Tables 5 and 6, the \(p\)-value represents the probability of an event happening. The \(p\)-values were obtained by  
Figure 12: Simulation results of the ear threshing process. (**a**) Nephogram of the ear in the threshing device; (**b**) velocity of the ear in the threshing device; (**c**) force of ear in the threshing device. a statistical significance test; \(p<0.05\) was significant, \(p<0.01\) was very significant, \(p<0.001\) was extremely significant. From Table 5, the BGR was analyzed as the target, the linear term of C and quadratic terms of C\({}^{2}\) were significant to BGR, the factors of clearance between the concave and cylinder B was very significant, and the linear term of A and quadratic terms of A\({}^{2}\) were extremely significant. Therefore, the order of factors affecting the BGR are as follows: A \(>\) B \(>\) C. Since the smaller the BGR, the better the threshing effect, [PERSON] et al. found that the damage rate of frozen corn grain using longitudinal axial threshing cylinder was at a range of 2.634% to 6.114%, and the speed of the threshing cylinder was the strongest factor for the grain damage rate [31]. As shown in Table 6, the UGR was analyzed as the target, the factors of the linear term of B were significant to UGR, the linear term of B and interactive items of AB were very significant to the UGR, and the linear terms of A and quadratic terms of A\({}^{2}\) and B\({}^{2}\) were extremely significant to the UGR. Judging from the analysis of the test target as the UGR, the order of factors was A \(>\) B \(>\) C. Obviously, the main effects were significant, and therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \begin{tabular}{c} **Variance** \\ **Source** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Sum of Squares of** \\ **Deviations** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Freedom \(f\)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **\(F\) Value** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **\(p\)-Value** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Significance** \\ **Marker** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Model & 38.66 & 9 & 33.65 & \textless{}0.0001 & ** \\ A & 12.10 & 1 & 94.82 & \textless{}0.0001 & *** \\ B & 1.02 & 1 & 7.95 & 0.0258 & * \\ C & 1.68 & 1 & 13.19 & 0.0084 & ** \\ AB & 2.16 & 1 & 16.93 & 0.0045 & ** \\ AC & 0.34 & 1 & 2.64 & 0.1485 & \\ BC & 0.33 & 1 & 2.59 & 0.1516 & \\ A\({}^{2}\) & 13.25 & 1 & 103.78 & \textless{}0.0001 & *** \\ B\({}^{2}\) & 6.59 & 1 & 51.64 & 0.0002 & *** \\ C\({}^{2}\) & 0.53 & 1 & 4.13 & 0.0817 & \\ Residual & 0.89 & 7 & & & \\ Lack of Fit & 0.45 & 3 & 1.35 & 0.3775 & \\ Pure Error & 0.44 & 4 & & & \\ Cor Total & 39.55 & 16 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: A is cylinder rotational speed/(r-min\({}^{-1}\)); B is clearance between concave and cylinder/mm; C is feed amount/(kg\(\cdot\)s\({}^{-1}\)); * is significant (\(p<0.05\)); ** is very significant (\(p<0.01\)); *** is extremely significant (\(p<0.001\)); \(F\) is [PERSON]’s variance ratio; \(p\) is probability value.  
\end{table} 
Table 6: ANOVA analysis for the rate of uncleared grain (UGR).