# Recent Trends of Authentication Methods in Extended Reality: A Survey
## 3 Related Work
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Ref.** & **Year** \\ \hline
[34] & 2022 & SoK: Authentication in augmented and virtual reality \\ \hline
[35] & 2022 & SoK: A Systematic Literature Review of Knowledge-Based Authentication on Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Displays \\ \hline
[36] & 2022 & A literature review on virtual reality authentication \\ \hline
[37] & 2022 & Security of Virtual Reality Authentication Methods in Metaverse: An Overview \\ \hline
[38] & 2023 & Biometric as Secure Authentication for Virtual Reality Environment A Systematic Literature Review \\ \hline
[39] & 2021 & Recent advances in biometrics-based user authentication for wearable devices: A contemporary survey \\ \hline
[40] & 2018 & A Review of multimodal facial biometric authentication methods in mobile devices and their application in Head mounted displays \\ \hline
[41] & 2020 & Gaze-based authentication in virtual reality \\ \hline
[43] & 2023 & A Survey on metaverse: fundamentals, security, and privacy \\ \hline
[44] & 2023 & Security and privacy in metaverse: A comprehensive survey \\ \hline
[45] & 2023 & Identity Threats in the Metaverse and Future Research Opportunities \\ \hline
[46] & 2022 & Visualization and cybersecurity in the metaverse: A Survey \\ \hline
[47] & 2022 & Cybersecurity in the AI-based metaverse: A Survey \\ \hline
[48] & 2022 & Metaverse security and privacy: An overview \\ \hline
[49] & 2021 & Metaverse: Security and privacy issues \\ \hline
[50] & 2022 & Vision: Usable privacy for XR in the era of the metaverse \\ \hline
[51] & 2022 & Implications of XR on privacy, security, and behaviour: Insights from experts \\ \hline
[52] & 2019 & Security and privacy approaches in mixed reality: A literature survey \\ \hline
[53] & 2023 & Security and Privacy Evaluation of Popular Augmented and Virtual Reality Technologies \\ \hline
[54] & 2022 & A systematic literature review on Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in terms of privacy, authorization, and data-leaks \\ \hline
[55] & 2022 & Overview of vulnerabilities of decision support interfaces based on virtual and augmented reality technologies. \\ \hline
[56] & 2023 & SoK, Data Privacy in Virtual Reality \\ \hline
[57] & 2022 & Security and privacy in virtual reality—A literature survey \\ \hline
[58] & 2022 & Security and privacy in virtual reality: A literature review \\ \hline
[59] & 2022 & Partially secure: A taxonomic assessment of cybersecurity challenges in virtual reality environments \\ \hline
[60] & 2022 & Digital body, identity and privacy in social virtual reality- A systematic review \\ \hline
[61] & 2014 & Security and privacy for augmented reality systems \\ \hline
[62] & 2022 & Artificial intelligence for the metaverse: A survey \\ \hline
[63] & 2022 & The Eye in Extended Reality: A Survey on Gaze Interaction and Eye Tracking in Head-worn Extended Reality \\ \hline
[64] & 2022 & Eye tracking in virtual reality: A broad review of applications and challenges \\ \hline
[65] & 2017 & Hand posture and gesture recognition techniques for virtual reality applications * survey \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Summary of recent surveys on authentication, security, and privacy in the Metaverse and XR. Moreover, several recent surveys focused on the different security and privacy concerns that the metaverse faces and their solutions. For example, in [43; 44; 45; 46; 47; 48; 49], the authors presented the architecture, technologies, and characteristics of the metaverse and discussed its different security challenges and their associated countermeasures. Other related works focused on only the security and privacy of sub-fields of the metaverse, like XR [50; 51], MR [52], VR/ AR [53; 54; 55], VR [56; 57; 58; 59; 60], and AR [61]. In addition, there are few surveys that concentrate on the numerous technologies embodied in the metaverse and its sub-fields. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [62] explored the role of AI, its branches, and its primary areas of application in the establishment and advancement of the metaverse.