###### Abstract  
A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree of affectation of the signal in the urban area. Low-cost GNSS receivers were found to be sensitive to the multipath effect, which impacts positioning. The horizontal and vertical accuracy was evaluated with respect to Mexican regulations for the GNSS establishment criteria. Probable Error Circle (CEP) and Vertical Positioning Accuracy (EPV) were performed on low cost GNSS receiver observation data. The results show that low-cost dual-frequency GNSS receivers can be used in urban areas. The precision was obtained in the order of 0.013 m in the static relative method. The results obtained are comparable to a geodetic receiver in a geodetic baseline of <20 km. The study does not recommend using single and dual frequencies low cost GNSS receivers based on results obtained by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in urban areas. The inclusion of the GGM10 model reduces the vertical precision obtained by using low cost GNSS receivers in both methods, conforming to the regulations only in the horizontal component. Precise Point Positioning; static relative; urban areas; GNSS; low-cost receivers 23 September 2021 9 3 November 2 In addition, the PPP method has been tested in urban environments considering online scientific GNSS processing software [17; 18], studies of the atmosphere [19], geodetic control establishments [20], and real-time applications [21] on smartphones [22]. The standard PPP method also uses antenna phase center correction, phase shift corrections (phase advance and delay) due to the relative rotation between the satellite and receiver antennas (phase windup correction), solid-earth tides, and ocean tide loading despite having a long observation time, since it takes at least 30 min to achieve the first solution of the fixed ambiguity and to counter the effects caused by the noise of the pseudo range and the slowly changing spatial geometry satellites [23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28]. On the other hand, the new approach to integer ambiguity resolution has helped decrease convergence times and increase the precision of solutions [29]. The number of visible GNSS satellites is affected by the environment, such as urban areas, mountains, tree coverage, high voltage power lines, buildings, bodies of water, etc., which block, degrade, or scatter the signal, affecting accuracy [17]. The static relative method is commonly applied in urban areas because it offers high precision in less observation time. Moreover, the new generations of low-cost GNSS equipment make it possible to test explicit methodologies for geodetic receivers that allow innovation in applications where low-cost equipment may be used. Commonly, the cost of the low-cost GNSS receivers of a new generation is \(\sim\)200 \(\upcels\). The low-cost GNSS receivers were evaluated to study their performance in short and long baselines, real-time feasibility, the environment around receiving antenna, and positioning performance with single-frequency receivers by constraining the baseline distance among many studies [29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35]. Comparison studies of PPP with low-cost receivers on different platforms to test the possibility of using low-cost dual-frequency receivers for geodetic monitoring and inertial navigation system (INS) measurements have been attempted by many researchers [31; 32; 33; 34; 35]. This study focuses on the statistical analysis of the observations generated by PPP and static relative methods in urban areas using low-cost single and dual-frequency GNSS receivers. In both the cases, the resulting coordinates referred to the official reference frame in Mexico (i.e., ITRF08 at 2010.0 epoch). The quality control analysis was performed over the data as per IGS standard [36].