## 5 Conclusions  
Water electrolysis is an effective method for converting renewable energy into hydrogen, significantly enhancing energy supply diversity, ensuring security, fostering technological innovation, and promoting the development of a green economy. However, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Parameters** & **FLC Strategy** & **Combined FLC with LSTMNN Strategy** \\ \hline Temperature Control and Stability & Maintained stack temperature within a \(\pm\)2 \({}^{\circ}\)C range, but noticeable fluctuations occurred during rapid changes in operating conditions. & Reduced temperature variations, maintaining the stack temperature within a \(\pm\)1 \({}^{\circ}\)C range. The LSTMNN predicted temperature changes and proactively adjusted control parameters, thereby enhancing stability. & Reduced temperature variations, maintaining the stack temperature within a \(\pm\)1 \({}^{\circ}\)C range. The LSTMNN predicted temperature changes and proactively adjusted control parameters, thereby enhancing stability. & Reduced temperature variations, maintaining the stack temperature within a \(\pm\)1 \({}^{\circ}\)C range. The LSTMNN predicted temperature changes and proactively adjusted control parameters, thereby enhancing stability. & Predicted temperature changes and proactively adjusted control parameters, thereby enhancing stability. \\ \hline Power Output Stability & Significant power output fluctuations, especially when adjusting to temperature changes, may have reduced production efficiency and increased equipment wear. & Maintained power output consistently around 10 kW with minimal variations, indicating higher energy utilization efficiency and a more stable hydrogen production process. & Maintained power output consistently around 10 kW with minimal variations, indicating higher energy utilization efficiency and a more stable hydrogen production process. \\ \hline Hydrogen Production Rate & Similar cumulative hydrogen production, but slightly lower production efficiency due to less precise temperature control, leading to higher energy loss. & Slightly improved production efficiency was achieved due to precise temperature control, which optimized electrolysis conditions, reduced energy loss, prevented thermal stress, and significantly enhanced overall system efficiency and performance. \\ \hline Overall Performance and Implications & Performed well under certain operating conditions but had room for improvement overall stability and efficiency. & Outperformed the FLC-only strategy by enhancing temperature stability, power output consistency, and hydrogen production efficiency, while also extending the equipment’s lifespan. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Performance analysis of FLC versus the combined FLC and LSTMNN strategies. Figure 8: Temperature response of the electrolysis stack in a long-term hydrogen production experiment, showing temperature trends over an extended period and demonstrating the effectiveness of the thermal control strategy in maintaining stability during prolonged operation. precise thermal control during water electrolysis is essential for optimizing the efficiency, performance, and safety of an electrolysis stack. Proper thermal control can maximize energy conversion efficiency, reduce energy losses, prevent equipment damage, extend equipment lifetime, and lower long-term operational costs. Hence, developing effective thermal control strategies is important for ensuring the stability, safety, and economic efficiency of a water electrolysis process. This study proposes a thermal control strategy combining fuzzy logic control (FLC) and a long short-term memory neural network (LSTMNN) to enhance the stability and efficiency of a hydrogen production system. Water electrolysis is crucial for converting renewable energy into hydrogen, but precise thermal control is needed to optimize the efficiency, performance, and safety of the electrolysis stack.