## 4 Sampling and Analytical Methods
### Microthermometric and Laser Raman Spectroscopy  
The fluid inclusion and Laser Raman spectroscopic analyses were performed at The State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research at Nanjing University. The study primarily focused on microthermometric and Raman analysis investigations on quartz of ores. The LinkamTHMS600 heating-freezing stage, with a temperature range of \(-\)196 to +600 \({}^{\circ}\)C, was used for the fluid inclusion microthermometry. Calibration of the stage involved measuring the melting points of pure water inclusions (0 \({}^{\circ}\)C), pure CO\({}_{2}\) inclusions (\(-\)56.6 \({}^{\circ}\)C), and potassium bichromate (398 \({}^{\circ}\)C). The temperature measurements had an accuracy of approximately \(\pm\)0.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C during cooling and slightly deviated to approximately \(\pm\)2 \({}^{\circ}\)C between 100 and 600 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The salinities of the NaCl-H\({}_{2}\)O fluid inclusions were calculated using the final ice melting temperatures, following the revised method of [PERSON] (1993) [49]. The model of [PERSON] et al. (1988) [50] and [PERSON] (1983) [51] were used to estimate the salinity and density of halite-bearing inclusions. The ore-forming pressure was calculated using the empirical equation proposed by [PERSON] (1984) [52]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multicolumn{13}{c}{**Type-1 Massive Ores**} \\ \hline
**Sample No. ** & **Mineral** & **Li** & **Be** & **Sc** & **V** & **Cr** & **Co** & **Ni** & **Cu** & **Zn** & **Ga** & **Rb** & **Sr** & **Y** & **Mo** & **Cd** & **In** & **Sb** \\ \hline
1 & Pyrrhoite & 0.477 & 0.047 & 0.88 & 8.8 & 2.31 & 0.002 & 4.71 & 1557 & 1769 & 4108 & 127 & 0.888 & 2.06 & 0.462 & 0.444 & - & 23.5 \\
2 & Pyrrhoite & 0.436 & 0.043 & 1.81 & 36.6 & 24.7 & 1.39 & 2.42 & 240 & 2265 & 60.6 & 1.15 & 4.25 & 2.29 & 0.707 & 9.48 & 0.758 & 0.786 \\
3 & Pyrrhoite & 0.216 & 0.079 & 1.67 & 22.1 & 8.01 & 2.43 & 18.2 & 5889 & 3067 & 216 & 0.532 & 3.08 & 16.9 & 1.89 & 10.7 & 0.743 & 1.76 \\ avg & Pyrrhoite & 0.376 & 0.056 & 1.453 & 22.500 & 11.673 & 21.74 & 8.443 & 256000 & 2867.000 & 1461.533 & 24894 & 27.39 & 7.083 & 1.020 & 6.875 & 0.751 & 8.682 \\
4 & Pyrrito & 0.043 & 0.037 & 0.567 & 0.431 & 30.1 & 276 & 7.32 & 454 & 587 & 0.19 & 0.258 & 0.372 & 0.046 & 0.626 & 1.78 & 0.088 & 0.236 \\
5 & Pyrrito & 0.022 & 0.006 & 0.128 & 0.548 & 30.6 & 302 & 6.77 & 218 & 138 & 0.155 & 0.074 & 0.311 & 0.022 & 0.17 & 0.367 & 0.047 & 0.134 \\
6 & Pyrrito & 0.028 & 0.024 & 0.316 & 1.21 & 0.064 & 395 & 5.77 & 677 & 729 & 0.269 & 0.088 & 0.351 & 0.039 & 0.296 & 2.17 & 0.25 & 0.19 \\
7 & Pyrrito & 0.029 & 0.033 & 2.7 & 1.49 & 34 & 402 & 8.62 & 1034 & 301 & 20.07 & 0.127 & 0.34 & 0.051 & 0.685 & 0.95 & 0.128 & 0.305 \\ avg & Pyrrito & 0.031 & 0.025 & 0.928 & 0.920 & 23.691 & 3847.50 & 7.120 & 5957.40 & 438.70 & 20.25 & 0.135 & 0.334 & 0.039 & 0.444 & 1.317 & 0.123 & 0.216 \\ \hline
**Sample No. ** & **Mineral** & **Co** & **Ba** & **La** & **Ce** & **Pr** & **Nd** & **Sm** & **Eu** & **Cd** & **Tb** & **Dy** & **Ho** & **Er** & **Tn** & **Yb** & **La** & **W** \\ \hline
1 & Pyrrhoite & 0.037 & 0.131 & 1.84 & 0.627 & 1.47 & 0.829 & 0.779 & 0.192 & 0.081 & 0.238 & 0.034 & 0.243 & 0.054 & 0.222 & 0.037 & 0.245 & 0.027 \\
2 & Pyrrhoite & 0.491 & 9.49 & 1.77 & 3.57 & 0.421 & 1.63 & 0.356 & 0.156 & 0.337 & 0.066 & 0.389 & 0.082 & 0.232 & 0.043 & 0.294 & 0.043 & 0.556 \\
3 & Pyrrhoite & 0.345 & 5.28 & 11.7 & 25.5 & 3.2 & 13.7 & 3.01 & 0.59 & 2.8 & 0.552 & 2.88 & 0.548 & 1.53 & 0.234 & 1.38 & 0.187 & 0.926 \\ avg & Pyrrhoite & 0.278 & 4.967 & 5.103 & 9.899 & 1.697 & 5.386 & 1.382 & 0.133 & 1.073 & 0.285 & 1.101 & 0.291 & 0.605 & 0.166 & 0.570 & 0.158 & 0.503 \\
4 & Pyrrito & 0.022 & 1.44 & 0.053 & 0.101 & 0.014 & 0.043 & 0.