# Determinants to Adopt Industrial Internet of Things in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
## 3 Results
### Theme 3: Impediments and Challenges Preventing IIoT Implementation in SME Environment
#### 3.3.3 Approaches to Mitigate IoT Challenges (Subtheme 3)  
The understanding of individuals and the collective knowledge of organizations are crucial to successful IIoT implementation. Organizations must seize the opportunities and eliminate the obstacles, ensuring effective implementation. However, individuals responsible for implementing these solutions must acquire the required skills to commission IoT technologies in their workplaces. Thus, adequate training and workshops are required to provide practical insights and procedures to guarantee a successful IIoT commission. Tech-savvy employees in SMEs often find it trivial to adopt IIoT systems in their workplaces. However, this can be challenging for another workforce, indicating the increasing reliance on high technical skills because IIoT solutions can alter the processes in SME factories. Therefore, proposing workshops can benefit SMEs by educating different levels of stakeholders. \"The use of the IoT in the industrial sector depends on several capabilities. These capabilities are divided into knowledge capabilities related to the organization and individuals\". (Participant 2)  
\"Factories usually outsource IoT deployment to international companies from abroad because they already have the experience and skilled people to build the system. Subsequently, the factory workers will follow and use the system as it is. I do not see significant challenges in adopting technology for workers because the labor force that requires manual skills will be significantly reduced, and most factory workers will depend on technical skills, computer things, and other things. It will be easy for them to match the IoT system\". (Participant 7)\"We must give young people a chance to work and let them experiment in some companies. Technical programs for designing hardware and software systems must be provided. At least three to five years of training and fully developing skilled workforce assets\". (Participant 1)  
Enabling youth workforce involvement by providing an inclusive environment is crucial for employing innovative solutions such as the IIoT. Another crucial factor is providing generous training programs to deploy IoT solutions to ensure sustained development and successful implementation. Moreover, it is essential to enable them to implement and design IIoT systems in their workplaces. \"We must give young people a chance to work and let them experiment in some companies. Technical programs for designing hardware and software systems need to be provided. At least three to five years of training and fully developing skilled workforce assets\". (Participant 1)  
Cost-effectiveness is crucial when planning to adopt the IIoT. Thus, by implementing IIoT solutions within the specific budget that the cost of development and deployment will cover, the SME stakeholders will be motivated to invest in this technology. Thus, affordable and effective results are a top priority. For example, using an affordable IoT kit on legacy machinery such as compressors can be a significant benefit in allowing for early warnings and timely maintenance, reducing the costs associated with equipment failures, compared to replacing new machinery with IoT sensors and technologies, which will cost more than adopting ad hoc solutions. \"If the cost we pay by implementing the IoT system is what we will reap from sales, then it is feasible to adopt it\". (Participant 7)  
\"Effective and cost-effective steps can be taken in these areas. Using IoT kits installed on the compressor can help mitigate any failure that could occur and provide an early warning\". (Participant 1)  
Adopting the IIoT in SMEs to increase production output is beneficial. Moreover, the IIoT can help optimize production, automate repetitive tasks, and minimize downtime. This leads to faster production cycles, efficient meeting of customer demand, and a competitive edge over other competitors for SMEs adopting the IIoT. \"It improves production by speeding up the output rate from the production line\".