# Blockchain Technology Application in Security: A Systematic Review
## 3 Findings
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Ref** & **Data** & **Application Field** & **Category Type** & **Consensus Algorithm** & **Smart Contract** & **Integration with Other Tech** \\ \hline
[53] & Blockchain is used to provide an electricity market framework for energy transactions. & Energy & Public & Not specified & No & - \\
[51] & Blockchain is used to provide an energy trading framework that is designed for secure and optimal trading of AC microgrids. & Energy & Public & Not specified & No & - \\
[54] & Enhancing the security of smart microgrids using blockchain. & Energy & Public & Not specified & No & - \\
[55] & The vehicle trust management system is designed with blockchain to evaluate message sources. & Energy & Private/Consortium/PoA & No & Deep learning \\
[56] & A decentralized, secure model and authentication mechanisms for a lightning network with smart contracts are provided. & Energy & Private & PoA & Yes & - \\
[57] & The digital signature & Transportation & Not specified & PBFT & Yes & Edge computing \\
[58] & A secure and distributed model for intelligent traffic light systems is proposed. & Transportation & Consortium & PBFT & No & Fog/Edge computing \\
[59] & A trust management system with blockchain is introduced for the internet of vehicle systems. & Transportation & Consortium & PBFT & No & Fog/Edge computing \\
[60] & Blockchain guarantees logic & IoT & Private & Not specified & Yes & - \\ agriculture information preservation and accuracy. & & & & & & \\
[61] & Smart home security is & Smart home & Consortium & PoW & No & - \\
[62] & Multiled using blockchain. & & & & & \\
[62] & Cloud relational database is secured with blockchain-based systems. & Cloud computing Database & & & & \\
[63] & Blockchain is used to maintain the privacy of sensitive data. & Cloud server & Private & Not specified & No & Cloud computing \\
[64] & Blockchain warrants the security of image data. & Cloud Image & Not specified & Not specified & Yes & Cloud computing \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._Figure 3 shows the percentage of different fields of blockchain usage as a security solution in various works. Of all the studies, 38% concern IoT security. 'Health' is the second most common with 20%. Generally, healthcare has also gained much attention from blockchain research and security. 'Wireless Networks', including wireless sensor networks, satellite communications, UAVs, 5G, and 6G networks, are next, attracting 12% of the research. 'Energy' with 11% and 'Transportation' with 6% follow. The next is the 'Cloud' with 8%, and the last is solutions for 'Industry' with a portion of 5%. The next results focus on the most consensus algorithm used in the research (Figure 4). Some information about their consensus algorithm was provided in 38 papers, and others do not mention their consensus mechanism. Proof of work (PoW) is the consensus algorithm widely used in Bitcoin and other blockchain networks. Our results show that it is also widely used in blockchain security applications. However, it needs much computational power, and its algorithm is more popular. The next one is the PBFT algorithm, mostly used in private and consortium blockchains and needs less computational power than PoW. Proof of authority appeared the third most and is an algorithm mostly used in permissioned blockchains. It provides many advantages such as speeding up the consensus process, so it does not need huge computing, and data storage is also accelerated. Some novel consensus algorithms are based on time or capacity and are used based on the requirements in each use case. The next result concerns the blockchain categorization types used in studies (Figure 5). The percentage of different blockchain types is 38% for private, 35% for public, and 27% for the consortium, a combination of public and private. The results show that researchers