## 4 Discussion  
This study aimed to establish the prevalence of radiographic abnormalities in class II composite restorations. The prevalence rates and data obtained in this radiographic analysis resonate with the previously comprehended notion that radiographic assessment, class II composite, continues to be underrecognized. Voids within the body of the restoration are also referred to as porosities or bubbles. Here, referred to as internal voids, represented a large subset of these atypical findings. This study found a prevalence of 16.5% of voids, while [PERSON] [20] found a majority of 70% of voids in vitro study using a light microscope to assess the presence of voids in the composites. Voids are caused by air entrapment and incorporated inadvertently into composites during their manipulation or even while being manufactured [20]. [PERSON] et al. found that internal voids correlated with marginal microleakage in class II composite restorations. Voids can affect the mechanical properties and indirectly reduce the lifespan of dental composites [21]. They mainly degrade matrix-dominated properties such as interlaminar shear strength, longitudinal compressive strength, and transverse tensile strength [22]. The presence of voids within composites can trigger the crack formation and stress development. The stress development varies according to the location of the void in the restoration. Suppose the void is located at the restoration/tooth interface. In that case, the volumetric shrinkage will harm the immediate area of the void due to the stress development around it, resulting in increased vulnerability to the adhesive failure of the composite [18]. In addition, the force distribution within the material causes stress development due to the volumetric shrinkage of the material on the void [22]. Voids between the layers of class II composite were another subset of our study. In the previously \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Radiographic Finding**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Gender**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Age**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Tooth**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Restoration Surface**} \\ \cline{2-13}  & & **F** & **M** & **<21** & **21-45** & **46-65** & **>65** & **PM** & **M** & **MO** & **DO** & **MOD** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{No Voids} & freq. & 36/55 & 19/55 & 0/55 & 29/55 & 20/55 & 6/55 & 24/55 & 31/55 & 20/55 & 28/55 & 7/55 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 65.5\% & 34.5\% & 0.0\% & 52.7\% & 36.4\% & 10.9\% & 43.6\% & 56.4\% & 36.4\% & 50.9\% & 12.7\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Internal Void} & freq. & 37/55 & 18/55 & 2/55 & 29/55 & 22/55 & 2/55 & 38/55 & 17/55 & 11/55 & 36/55 & 8/55 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 67.3\% & 32.7\% & 3.6\% & 52.7\% & 40.0\% & 3.6\% & 69.1\% & 30.9\% & 20.0\% & 65.5\% & 14.5\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Interlayer} & freq. & 15/26 & 11/26 & 2/26 & 16/26 & 6/26 & 2/26 & 18/26 & 8/26 & 4/26 & 15/26 & 7/26 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 57.7\% & 42.3\% & 7.7\% & 61.5\% & 23.1\% & 7.7\% & 69.2\% & 30.8\% & 15.4\% & 57.7\% & 26.9\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Overhang} & freq. & 5/10 & 5/10 & 1/10 & 4/10 & 5/10 & 0/10 & 6/10 & 4/10 & 6/10 & 3/10 & 1/10 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 50\% & 50\% & 10\% & 40\% & 50\% & 0\% & 60\% & 40\% & 60\% & 30\% & 10\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Interface} & freq. & 35/69 & 34/69 & 3/69 & 36/69 & 21/69 & 9/69 & 44/69 & 25/69 & 24/69 & 38/69 & 7/69 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 51\% & 49\% & 4\% & 52\% & 30\% & 13\% & 64\% & 36\% & 35\% & 55\% & 10\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Caries} & freq. & 23/42 & 19/42 & 3/42 & 16/42 & 19/42 & 4/42 & 30/42 & 12/42 & 13/42 & 19/42 & 10/42 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 55\% & 45\% & 7\% & 38\% & 45\% & 10\% & 71\% & 29\% & 31\% & 45\% & 24\% \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Other} & freq. & 58/77 & 19/77 & 2/77 & 43/77 & 26/77 & 6/77 & 65/77 & 12/77 & 11/77 & 53/77 & 13/77 \\ \cline{2-13}  & perc. & 75\% & 25\% & 3\% & 56\% & 34\% & 8\% & 84\% & 16\% & 14\% & 69\% & 17\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}