## 4 Discussion  
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare muscle power and body composition of IBJJF-ranked and unranked athletes. The primary finding was that no significant differences were observed between the experimental groups. Nevertheless, percentage variations were noted with superior outcomes for the RG in comparison to the NRG across all variables, with the exception of body fat %. In this context, athletes who have achieved a high ranking tend to be older, which may be related to greater experience. The moderate ES and the larger percentage difference (24.22%) found between the groups are consistent with this when looking at the Age variable. They also tend to have greater height, body mass, bone mineral density, percentage of body water, lean mass, absolute and relative power of the upper and lower limbs, and a lower percentage of body fat. These results become even more interesting when we consider that the athletes studied here had very similar training regimes and structures (frequency, volume, and environment). Although not significant, RG had 14.43% and 13.11% more lean mass and BMR and 20.21% less fat than NRG. These results are in line with previous findings [7, 25], which reported that a greater amount of lean mass is associated with improved performance in athletes from various sports disciplines. Moreover, other studies have also identified low body fat percentages (9-12%), with values comparable to those observed in our study [9, 10, 14], \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Group** & **Mean** & **SD** & **Median** & **IQR** & **Delta \%** & \(p\)-Value** & **ES** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Age (years)} & NRG & 22.00 & 3.08 & 22.00 & 2.00 & 24.22 & 0.115 & \(-\)0.61 \\  & RG & 27.33 & 3.79 & 29.00 & 3.50 & & & \\  & NRG & 1.75 & 0.09 & 1.74 & 0.05 & 5.14 & 0.139 & \(-\)0.50 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Height (m)} & RG & 1.84 & 0.06 & 1.85 & 0.06 & & & \\  & NRG & 82.38 & 16.77 & 83.40 & 8.30 & 7.22 & 0.493 & \(-\)0.23 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Body Mass (kg)} & RG & 88.33 & 5.13 & 87.00 & 5.00 & & & \\  & NRG & 12.12 & 2.86 & 11.90 & 2.60 & \(-\)20.21 & 0.334 & 0.37 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Body Fat (\%)} & RG & 9.67 & 3.17 & 8.20 & 2.90 & & & \\  & NRG & 64.26 & 3.46 & 64.00 & 3.00 & 5.39 & 0.210 & \(-\)0.46 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Body Water (\%)} & RG & 67.73 & 3.17 & 68.10 & 3.15 & & & \\  & NRG & 3.52 & 0.50 & 3.60 & 0.20 & 13.63 & 0.128 & \(-\)0.51 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Bone Mass (ua)} & RG & 4.00 & 0.26 & 4.10 & 0.25 & & & \\  & NRG & 67.46 & 10.65 & 68.60 & 5.80 & 14.43 & 0.136 & \(-\)0.50 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Lean Mass (kg)} & RG & 77.20 & 5.27 & 77.70 & 5.25 & & & \\  & NRG & 2110.20 & 353.47 & 2124.00 & 184.00 & 13.11 & 0.180 & \(-\)0.45 \\ \multirow{3}{*}{BMR (Kcal)} & RG & 2387.00 & 155.56 & 2382.00 & 155.50 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Model** & **Model** & **Model** & **Model** & **Model** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Descriptive and comparative measures of the muscle power variables studied in Ranked (RG = 3) and Unranked (NRG = 5) Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu athletes. and without differences between novice and expert athletes or between elite and non-elite athletes [7]. In regard to upper limb muscle power, the findings of this study indicate an average distance of 4.87 m in the medicine ball throw for NRG, which is higher than the results reported by [PERSON] et al. [7] in non-advanced or non-elite athletes (3.8 m and 4.2 m, respectively). With regard to the upper limb muscle power of the RG, this was observed to be higher (5.3 m) than the results obtained in professional athletes (4.9 m) [26]. Nevertheless, no distinction was observed between RG and NRG when the data were analyzed in either absolute (m) or relative form (m/kg). Additionally, the smallest percentage difference was identified between the groups for the relative data (MBT RP = 0.66%).