A summarization of the advantages and disadvantages of each method is presented in Table 1.  
In order to overcome mentioned issues, we propose an extension to guidance systems that exploits mixed reality without external trackers. It is designed to guide the operator \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Modality** & **Advantages** & **Disadvantages** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{US} & Fast acquisition time & \\  & Real-time needle evaluation & Operator experience-dependent \\  & Lack of radiation exposure & Poor needle visibility \\  & Vessel avoidance (Doppler) & Suitable acoustic window needed \\  & Shorter procedure time & Reliant on lesion type, size, and location \\  & Less expensive & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{CT} & Exceptional contrast & Higher risk of complications \\  & High spatial resolution & Exposure to radiation \\  & Applicable across various organs & Fluoroscopy for real-time imaging \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{MR} & High soft tissue contrast & Challenging lesion access \\  & No ionizing radiation & Difficult lesion sampling verification \\ \cline{1-1}  & Vessel visualization without contrast & Tough radiology–pathology matching \\ \cline{1-1}  & Able to elicit tissue characteristics & Compatible needles needed \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of image guidance techniques used for biopsy procedures. through the biopsy procedure with potentially enhanced certainty, precision, and efficiency, resulting in shorter procedural times. The system consists of superimposing patients' 3D-reconstructed diagnostic CT or MR scan onto the body and performing needle tracking through a combination of hybrid deep learning and deterministic methods. The results are visualized in holographic space using a uniform coordinate system that consists of a Head-Mounted Display (HMD), patient, and needle. This study aims to validate the proposed approach by assessing the needle injection precision, time required for procedure execution, and minimum adequate size of nodules. Mixed reality is a rapidly growing area of research in different medical specializations. Glasses can be used to display information that might be beneficiary to the operator, such as a stream of 2D video in holographic space, 3D volumetric visualization of the patient's body, or direct overlay of the patient, which is not possible with standard displays. Systems based on mixed reality have already been used in cardiac interventions and cardiac surgery [17; 18; 19; 20], orthopaedics [21; 22; 23], vascular surgery [24; 25], and surgical oncology [26]. Artificial intelligence can be an important supporting tool for mixed reality systems in the medical technology field. It is currently being utilized in various specialities, including oncology, radiology, radiotherapy, and surgery [27]. Deep learning models can be used to, e.g., detect cancer at an early stage [28], improve image quality, decide on important imaging examinations [29], predict spatial dose distribution [30], and automatically identify surgical phases or instruments [31]. An example of AI application is biopsy needle segmentation, which is a part of the proposed solution. Related work is described in the following section.