# Lavandula Species, Their Bioactive Phytochemicals, and Their Biosynthetic Regulation
## 6 Conclusions  
Diversity in the production of large amounts of terpenoid compounds in the lavender species is a result of their adaptation to different environmental conditions. The benefits of lavender are unquestionable, as evidenced in the review, focusing on the genetic diversity, distribution, abundance, and importance of lavender's bioactive compounds. We summarised the current knowledge of the genomic and transcriptomic data of traits underlying secondary metabolite production in lavender. Gene regulation by transcription factors is crucial to ensure that the appropriate genes are activated or repressed at the time and place that enables cells to respond to different stimuli and undertake various functions. However, structural genes and transcription factors can be regulated by small noncoding RNA molecules-miRNAsA. An area of intense research is the regulatory role of miRNAs in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in _Lamiaceae_ species. The predominant approach is the computational analysis of miRNA molecules involved in secondary metabolism synthesis. In terms of the prospective use of lavender species, we highlighted genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, their content, and composition that predetermine the use of lavender.  
Conceptualization, M.H. and K.R.; writing--original draft preparation, M.H., J.K.-S., S.C. and K.R.; writing--review and editing, J.K.-S., K.R., M.H. and S.C.; visualization, S.C. and J.K.-S.; supervision, M.H. and K.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
\"This research was funded by VEGA (Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sports of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences), 1/0749/21 \"Environmental screening of variability of secondary metabolites of plant natural resources in soil-climatic conditions of Slovakia\" (70%) and the Operational Programme Integrated Infrastructure for the project: longterm strategic research of prevention, intervention, and mechanisms of obesity and its comorbidities, IMTS: 313011V344, cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund\" (30%).  
Data Availability Statement: Data sharing not applicable.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**miRNA** & **Target** & **Plant Species** & **Reference** \\ \hline miR156 & deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase & _Menthu_ spp. & [104] \\  & SPL transcription factor & _Salvia sclarea_ L. & [115] \\ \hline miR414 & terpene synthase 21 & _[PERSON]_ spp. & [104] \\ \hline miR5021 & deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase & _[PERSON]_ spp. & [104] \\  & isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase & _[PERSON]_ spp. & [104] \\  & geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase & & \\ \hline miR5072 & acetyl-CoA C-acetyl transferase & _Salvia sclarea_ L. & [115] \\  & & _Salvia millitorhiza_ Bunge & [114] \\ \hline miR172 & AP2 domain-containing transcription factor & _Salvia sclarea_ L. & [115] \\ \hline miR828 & MYB12 & _Salvia sclarea_ L & [115] \\ \hline miR858 & MYB family transcription factor & _Salvia millitorhiza_ Bunge & [114] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: miRNA involved in the terpenoid biosynthesis regulation.