## 2 Materials and Methods
### Data Analyses  
The statistical significance of the data was analyzed in SPSS statistics software (Version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results are expressed as mean \(\pm\) SD. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA) was used to determine the variance and difference in overall performance (shooting score), stability of hold (DevX, DevY, DevTotal),  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Component** & **Variable (Unit)** & **Description** \\ \hline Overall performance & Shooting score (pts) & Shot score as measured in air rifle shooting: 0–10.9 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Stability of hold} & DevX (mm) & Horizontal and vertical standard deviations of the aiming point at 10–50 ms \\  & DevY (mm) & point at 10–50 ms \\  & DevTotal (mm) & Total standard deviation of the aiming point at 10–50 ms \\ \hline Time on target & Total time (s) & Total aiming time \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
Variable abbreviations have been selected according to the SCATT manufacturer abbreviations in order to facilitate the application of results in practice. DevTotal, deviations-total in rings; DevX, deviations-X in rings; DevY, deviations-Y in rings.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Variables calculated from the aiming point trajectory.  
Figure 1: Whole-body vibration and unstable surface training setup and procedure.  
For the shooting score, the one-way RM ANOVA showed a significant difference between testing times (F = 23.730, \(p<0.01\), power = 0.985). The shooting scores during the 6 week WBV+UST (\(p<0.01\), 6.25%) greatly improved, relative to those of the pretest. Post hoc testing indicated that the 6 week WBV+UST led to improvements after the pretest performances (Table 3). For the total time, the one-way RM ANOVA showed a significant difference between testing times (F = 5.909, \(p<0.05\), power = 0.553). The shooting score after the 6 week WBV+UST (2.00%) greatly improved, relative to the pretest performance (Table 3 and Figure 2).  
On the shooting performance test, we recorded the trajectory values of the rifle under the 10-50 ms-DevTotal and 10-50 ms-DevY categories. For the 10-50 ms-DevTotal values, the one-way RM ANOVA showed a significant difference between performances at different times: 10 ms (F = 10.610, \(p=0.01\), power = 0.979), 20 ms (F = 6.292, \(p=0.04\), power = 0.579), 30 ms (F = 9.811, \(p=0.02\), power = 0.766), and 40 ms (F = 9.025, \(p=0.02\), power = 0.732). Furthermore, the 10 ms-DevTotal values after the 6 week WBV+UST (\(p=0.04\), 17.68%) greatly improved compared with that of the pretest performance. Post hoc testing indicated that the 6 week WBV+UST led to improvements after the pretest performance.  
Figure 3: The difference phase during 10–50 ms-DevTotal of the shooting performance.  
Figure 2: The difference phase during score and time of the shooting performance.  
performances (Table 3 and Figure 3). For the 10-50 ms-DevY, the one-way RM ANOVA showed a significant difference between performances at different times: 10 ms (F = 29.887, \(p\) < 0.01, power = 0.996), 20 ms (F = 31.337, \(p\) < 0.01, power = 0.997), 30 ms (F = 30.624, \(p\) < 0.01, power = 0.997), 40 ms (F = 31.285, \(p\) < 0.01, power = 0.997), and 50 ms (F = 33.699, \(p\) < 0.01, power = 0.998). Furthermore, the 10-50 ms-DevY after the 6 week WBV+UST greatly improved, relative to the pretest performance (10 ms (\(p\) < 0.01, 26.70%), 20 ms (\(p\) < 0.01, 27.10%), 30 ms (\(p\) < 0.01, 27.25%), 40 ms (\(p\) < 0.01, 26.32%), and 50 ms (\(p\) < 0.01, 26.84%)). Post hoc testing indicated that the 6 week WBV+UST led to improvements after the pretest performances (Table 3 and Figure 4).  
For COP, the one-way RM ANOVA showed no significant difference between testing times. The time score performances of the shooters at each of the separate testing intervals did not significantly improve compared to those in the pretest performance (Table 4).