###### Abstract  
The AC and DC power system structures need to be modernized to meet consumer demands. DC microgrids are suitably admived due to their high efficiency, consistency, reliability, and load sharing performance, when interconnected to DC renewable and storage sources. The main control objective for any DC microgrid is providing proper load-power balancing based on the Distributed Generator (DG) sources. Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, batteries play an important role in load-power balancing in a DC microgrid. The existing energy management strategy may be able to meet the load demand. However, that technique is not suitable for rural communities' power system structure. This research offers an energy management strategy (EMS) for a DC microgrid to supply power to rural communities with solar, wind, fuel cell, and batteries as input sources. The proposed EMS performs the load-power balancing between each source (renewable and storage) in a DC microgrid for dynamic load variation. Here, the EMS handles two battery sources (one is used to deliver power to the priority load, and the other is utilized in the common DC bus) to meet the required demand. The proposed EMS is capable of handling load-power balancing using renewable energy sources with less consumption of non- conventional energy sources (such as a diesel generator). The performance of the system is analyzed based on different operating conditions of the input sources. The MATLAB/Simulink simulation model for the proposed DC microgrid with their EMS control system is developed and investigated, and their results are tabulated under different input and load conditions. The proposed EMS is verified through a laboratory real-time DC microgrid experimental setup, and the results are discussed. energy management strategy (EMS); distributed generator (DG); state of charge (SoC); circuit breaker (CB); standard test condition (STC); photovoltaic (PV) +
Footnote †: journal: Applied  
in distributed energy resources have taken place even during and after the financial crisis affecting the world economy from 2008 to 2012. As per an international energy agency report on world energy investment in 2017, China, the United States, Europe, India, Russia, and South Africa have invested a considerable amount to harvest renewable energies in comparison to other countries [1]. According to the international energy investment report [2], many countries have started investing much in solar and wind rather than other renewable energy sources. The best solution to overcome environmental depletion is by harvesting a renewable energy-sourced microgrid. Most of the non-conventional energy sources are synchronized with the utility or load through power converter interfaces, which constitutes a microgrid. Microgrids are sub-categorized into three types: AC, DC, and hybrid [3]. AC microgrids have the benefit of using power from the utility.However, an AC microgrid needs a relatively complex controller for synchronizing the system and importing and exporting power while maintaining system stability. The DC microgrid has certain advantages with many features. On the generation side, some of the renewable energy sources, generating power in a DC microgrid include fuel cells and photovoltaic and storage systems, whereas on the load side, modern electronic loads like computers, telephone base stations, vehicle charging stations, and telecommunication applications require DC power. Both the AC and DC loads will be fulfilled by a hybrid microgrid. The main advantage of a microgrid is having a less transmission loss, electrification of remote villages, improving power system stability by supporting reactive power balance in the utility grid, and high reliability with energy storage devices to sustain power balance among the generation and demand. The total energy conversion loss of AC to DC to supply DC loads is approximately 10-25% [4; 5]. To resolve this issue, the DC microgrid feeds the load directly, which will reduce the conversion loss [6; 7].