## 4 Discussion  
Anthocyanins are natural phytonutrients that have beneficial effects on animals and humans. Revealing the anthocyanin content of herbal preparations is very important both in nutritional and pharmacological terms. According to our results, we can clearly say that _Vaccinium_ species possessed the highest number of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin content may vary between different plant sources; especially berry fruits are very rich in different polyphenols, including anthocyanins. The anthocyanin content of individual fruits may also be affected by environmental factors such as fruit maturity at harvest [19]. Moreover, the quantity of anthocyanins can be affected by process conditions. Our study confirms, as has been shown in research that the freeze-drying method is the best method to protect phenolics and anthocyanins, it has been reported in many studies before [20; 21]. Freeze drying is a useful method to preserve color, flavor, and nutrient compounds due to the lack of water, low pressure and temperature [22]. Anthocyanins are a water-soluble flavonoid class that exhibits a number of pharmacological effects, such as the prevention of various diseases such as cancer. Potential anti-cancer effects are reported to be based on a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant and anti-mutagenesis effects, inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \(\mathbf{\lambda}\) & **Samples** & **S. aureus** & _E. coli_ & _E. faecalis_ & _S. pyogenes_ & _C. albicans_ \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{1} & _Vaccinium myrtillus_ & _Vaccinium myrtillus_ & \multirow{2}{*}{9.11 \(\pm\) 0.29} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (ethanol) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{2} & _Vaccinium myrtillus_ & \multirow{2}{*}{12.33 \(\pm\) 0.58} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{11.33 \(\pm\) 0.58} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (acetone) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{3} & _Aronia melanocarpa_ & \multirow{2}{*}{13.00 \(\pm\) 1.00} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (ethanol) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{4} & _Aronia melanocarpa_ & \multirow{2}{*}{10.66 \(\pm\) 0.58} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (acetone) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{5} & _Sambucus nigra_ & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (ethanol) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{6} & _Sambucus nigra_ & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (ethanol) & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{7} & _Vaccinium myrombsum_ & \multirow{2}{*}{10.83 \(\pm\) 0.76} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (ethanol) & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Antimicrobial activity of anthocyanins against clinical strains, zones inhibition in millimeters including diameter of well, mm (n = 3, x \(\pm\) SD). (\(-\) : no inhibition). Anthocyanins have been studied in detail for their anticancer properties based on in vitro studies and animal models. Therefore preventing tumor growth, antiangiogenesis is a process that prevents the formation of new blood vessels that supply oxygen to tumor cells. Like many other phytochemicals, flavonoids and anthocyanins are potential anticancer and antiangiogenic agents [23]. Anticancer effects of anthocyanins from different herbal sources have been studied in many types of cancer, such as esophagus, colon, breast, liver, hematological and prostate. Findings from a previous study indicate that F344 rats bound to N-nitrozo methyl benzyl amine have a chemopre potential in freeze-dried black raspberry and anthocyanin-rich fraction [24]. Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death and affects more than one million patients worldwide each year [25].