## 3 Results and Discussion
The red (blue) shading is applied for the periods when the temperature exceeds the upper (lower) threshold: (**a**) 1 STD (\(-\)1 STD); (**b**) 90% (10%); (**c**) 95% (5%) PDF quantile. The red shaded column (blue triangle) is applied for the days when the precipitation daily amount exceeds the upper (lower) threshold: (**d**) 90% (10%); (**e**) 95% (5%) PDF quantile. (Figure 2b). Prolonged heavy rainfalls were often accompanied by positive flux anomalies (increasing CO\({}_{2}\) release) due to soil wetting and solar radiation decrease (Figure S5c). Such positive daily CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies did not exceed 2.6 gC m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-1}\). The positive CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies occurred also during the dry period in the days with extreme high temperatures, resulting from suppressed photosynthesis and the respiration of vegetation (Figure S5b March-April-May). These daily anomalies were usually lower than 1.0 gC m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-1}\). Temperature extremes are quite rare in the equatorial climate; therefore, CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies in tropical rainforests are primarily related to precipitation variations. The precipitation intensity varies over the year, depending on the seasonal migration of the Intertropical convergence zone, resulting in drier and wetter seasons [31; 50; 51]. Inter-annual variability of precipitation in the Pacific is also induced by El Nino Southern Oscillation phenomenon [29]. During the wetter period, the positive daily CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies (up to 6.2 gC m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-1}\)) are observed in days with heavy precipitation due to decreased solar radiation, reducing GPP, and sufficient soil moisture conditions, enhancing soil decomposition and the mineralization processes (Figure S6a). The analysis also showed that even insignificant precipitation leads to positive CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies during dry seasons (Figure S6a, November-December). The positive CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies are also observed during the periods with positive temperature anomalies due to an increase in ER and CO\({}_{2}\) emissions into the atmosphere (Figure S6b). However, these anomalies are significantly lower than those induced by extreme precipitation and do not exceed 1.0 gC m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-1}\). The CO\({}_{2}\) fluxes in wetlands are primarily dependent on precipitation rather than on anomalous temperatures. Positive daily CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies (up to 3.1 gC m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-1}\)) tend to occur during heavy precipitation events (Figure S7), resulting in an increase in CO\({}_{2}\) release into the atmosphere. As annual temperature fluctuations are small, and temperature extremes are rarely exceeded in the wetlands, their influence on the anomalies of CO\({}_{2}\) fluxes is less than that of precipitation. The Statistics of Relationships between Extreme Weather Conditions and Daily CO\({}_{2}\) Flux Anomalies  
To quantify the relationships between extreme temperature/precipitation and CO\({}_{2}\) fluxes, we calculated the percentage of the days when the temperature (precipitation) and CO\({}_{2}\) flux thresholds were simultaneously exceeded from the total number of the days when one of the characteristics (temperature or precipitation or CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies) exceed the threshold values. For example, we considered the number of days when the temperature anomaly exceeded the threshold (95%, 90% quantile or 1 STD) or when it was lower than the threshold (5%, 10% quantile or \(-\)1 STD) during the analyzed period as 100%. Within this sample, we then calculated the percentage of days when the CO\({}_{2}\) flux anomalies occurred simultaneously with temperature extremes: higher than 1 STD (max), lower than \(-\)1 STD (min), and the anomaly was less than STD (norm). This percentage is presented in Figures 3a and 4a for extreme high temperatures and in Figures 3c and 4c for extreme low temperatures. The same procedure was applied to precipitation, where the 95 (90)% and 5 (10)% thresholds were considered (Figures 3b,d and 4b,d).