## 3 Results
### Scientific Mapping
#### 3.2.4 Software  
Similar to what we observed on hardware devices, we identified a diverse set of editors, programs, engines, and frameworks that were utilized, in terms of both the overall category and the models used in each category. The software employed, like the hardware, is not mutually exclusive; on the contrary, we observed that there is frequently a mix of several complimentary solutions. Table 5 shows the software mentioned in the articles reviewed. Industrial Path Solutions Intelligently Moving Manikin (IPS IMMA) and Jack Siemens, which were utilized by a comparable number of studies, were the most commonly used digital human modeling software. Digital human modeling software are tools for human representation in a virtual environment that incorporates numerous applications [13]. We observed that some software package is intended for everyday application, whilst others, in addition to having specific uses, give complementary features. DELMIA and CATIA are two such software that simulate and assess various body positions and build virtual manikins that emulate worker motions. The simulations performed using the DELMIA software allow for the creation of a database for fatigue indices, which will accelerate future analyses and facilitate information sharing. Figure 14: An apparatus combining 3D glasses, 3D printing, Vicon tracking, and other devices [6]. Figure 13: Use of HTC VIVE head-mounted display with Leap Motion optical tracking [43]. Software is used to assess the ergonomic conditions of the manufacturing process, with a focus on decision assistance for modifying the workplace layout, producing assistive assembly devices, replacing tools, providing specific operator training, and changing routines and assembly processes. In terms of virtual reality software, the most used is Unity, a platform for game creation that includes a game engine. [PERSON]. [37] selected Unity due to its maturity, its user and developer community, and its zero cost of acquisition. Instead of Unity, the game engine Unreal was cited in two investigations, for example, [42] justified that Unreal was chosen to develop the virtual reality application because it has a more user-friendly interface than Unity Engine and allows Blueprint Visual Scripting to be used to generate virtual reality interactivity. Ref. [13] also found that in recent years, game engines such as Unity 3D and Unreal have been applied to virtual manufacturing and digital human modeling. Such game engines can provide helpful application programming interfaces for rendering, interaction, and physics, facilitating the construction of high-quality and high-fidelity virtual environments, as well as a good online documentation [13; 37]. Figure 15 is an example of a study's hardware and software architecture that use the Unity gaming engine. A wide variety of software, such as plugins, editors, and libraries, among many others, were cited by only one study and have been grouped under the category \"Other\". Table 14 lists the software specified in each of the articles reviewed. Q3: What are the most recent advances, challenges, and opportunities in the combination of virtual reality and digital human modeling in industry for physical ergonomics studies throughout product development phases? The stage of product development at which ergonomic assessments are undertaken is a noteworthy contradiction, which we identified in our study. On the one hand, as mentioned, there is general consensus in the literature on the benefits of carrying out this assessment early--benefits in terms of time, costs, optimization of the assembly line, human-machine interactions, improvement of the overall performance and well-being of the user, and mitigating hidden dangers, among many others [1; 4; 6; 7; 13; 31; 32; 36; 38]. Considering that, after the design stage, the product development moves on to manufacturing-related stages, these would be limiting stages for the early identification of