## 3 Related Research  
### Status of Digital Mine Construction  
Although the concept of \"digital mine\" has not been clearly put forward in the construction process of mining enterprises in countries other than China, it still exists in the process of construction and development. It can be traced back to 1952 when [PERSON] applied the Kriging reserve calculation method to realize the digitalization of resource evaluation [20]; by the 1980s, European and American countries had developed and launched three-dimensional visualization mining software systems, such as the GOCAD, Surpac, Datamine Studio, for exploration data management and analysis, ore deposit and orebody modeling, mine roadway model building, mining design and planning and so forth. [21; 22; 23; 24]. Then, by the 1990s, mine information and management systems and mine information system integration technology [25; 26] were widely used by mining enterprises in countries other than China. The level of digitalization and informatization of mining enterprises in countries other than China has been comprehensively improved and the effect is remarkable for improving work efficiency and quality and reducing production cost. Therefore, some universities, design and research institutions and mining enterprises in China have successively introduced 3D mining software and information systems from other countries [27] and put forward the concept of \"digital mine\" [28], studied the construction framework, construction content and key technologies of digital mine [29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36] and developed a series of digital mine related products, such as 3D mining software system (for example DIMINE, 3 DMine), mine information management system, monitoring and controlling system and in large mining groups, such as China Aluminum and China Minmetals, China Minmetals Corporation and China National Gold Group Co., Ltd., has been promoted and applied [14; 15; 16], which has greatly improved the level of digitization and informatization of Chinese mining enterprises and has played its due value in reducing production costs and safety accidents and improving work efficiency and quality. Through the analysis of domestic and international research and development trends, China's digital mine construction has achieved remarkable results, forming a series of theories, norms, technologies and products of mine digitization and informationization. However, due to the limitations of the practical conditions and technological development, there are still some problems in the construction of the digital mine in China. As mentioned in Section 1, there are problems in information and management. On this basis, it is further summarized and analyzed. The specific contents are as follows:  
1. The lack of uniform standards and norms for digital mine related products has led to a serious \"information island\" phenomenon. The digital mine construction process is based on the existing digitalization and informatization level of the mine and the overall planning and deployment of digital mine related software and hardware products. However, the software and hardware products related to digital mine construction must come from different manufacturers and there is no uniform standard and norm existing between the manufacturers. As a result, interoperability between the products cannot be achieved and a large number of \"information islands\" are formed [18]. In the situation where there is information that cannot be used, sometimes it is necessary to reacquire the original data or reprocess the data to meet the needs of the products, resulting in the waste of information resources and labor costs. Moreover, due to the existence of a large number of \"information islands,\" the business processes in the mine's whole life cycle are not smooth and the business is seriously disconnected and inefficient, which causes the digital mine construction investment and output to be inconsistent, which seriously hinders the digital mine construction process in China. 2.