## 4 Experimental Results and Comparative Analyses
### Empirical Analysis
This insight is crucial for understanding the future development of 6G integrated space-air-ground-sea communication systems, enabling stakeholders to focus on improving satellite communication and optimizing network computing resources. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Datasets** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Weak Signals in the Top 20 Topics**} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{NSTs} & Topic 17: 17\_channel estimation\_sparse\_millimeter wave channel\_deep learning \\  & Topic 18: 18\_millimeter wave radar\_wave radar\_doppler\_target detection \\  & Topic 19: 19\_graphene\_wave absorber\_terahertz wave\_substrate layer \\  & Topic 20: 20\_packaging\_packaging structure\_millimeter wave chip\_wave chip \\  & Topic 5: 5\_terahertz\_terahertz wave\_vanadium dioxide\_resonator \\  & Topic 9: 9\_display device\_pixel\_grating\_light emitting \\  & Topic 10: 10\_holographic\_nano brick\_micro nano optic\_nano optic \\  & Topic 12: 12\_energy efficiency\_wireless energy\_power\_intelligent reflecting surface \\  & Topic 13: 13\_ intelligent reflecting surface\_relg\_inelligent reflector\_communication system \\ \multirow{2}{*}{RISs} & Topic 14: 14\_supercell\_vibration\_wave\_insulation \\  & Topic 15: 15\_graphene\_absorber\_terahertz wave\_bias voltage \\  & Topic 16: 16\_aerial vehicle\_unmanned aerial vehicle\_unmanned aerial\_unmanned \\  & Topic 17: 17\_positioning\_mobile device\_reference signal\_configuration information \\  & Topic 18: 18\_wave absorbing\_honeycomb\_absorber based\_metasurface wave \\  & Topic 19: 19\_vortex wave\_orbital angular\_vortex beam\_oam \\  & Topic 15: 15\_grating\_waveguide\_wavelength\_coupler \\  & Topic 16: 16\_offloading\_sensor network\_wireless sensor network\_cluster \\ \multirow{2}{*}{ISAC} & Topic 17: 17\_touch\_fingerprint\_display device\_touch screen \\  & Topic 18: 18\_millimeter wave\_mimo\_hybrid beamforming\_mmwave \\  & Topic 19: 19\_underwater\_marine\_boat\_navigation \\  & Topic 11: 11\_frequency offset\_clock error\_doppler frequency\_time frequency \\  & Topic 12: 12\_laser communication\_satellite laser\_optical communication\_leo satellite \\  & Topic 13: 13\_conditional\_handover command\_handover terrestrial\_handover terrestrial network \\ \multirow{2}{*}{ISAGSC} & Topic 14: 14\_switching method\_satellite switching\_beam switching\_satellite base station \\  & Topic 15: 15\_disclosure relates\_system supporting\_data transmission rate\_pdu \\  & Topic 17: 17\_constellation\_constellation configuration\_satellite constellation\_design method \\  & Topic 18: 18\_data transmission\_method\_data transmission\_transmission method\_transmission \\  & Topic 19: 19\_edge\_edge computing\_offloading\_ground integrated network \\  & Topic 11: 11\_transformer\_fault\_gas\_utility \\  & Topic 12: 12\_syntactic\_query\_semantic\_word vector \\  & Topic 13: 13\_radar\_radar signal\_doppler\_chirp signal \\  & Topic 14: 14\_ai mod\_terminal device\_application\_channel access \\ \multirow{2}{*}{EAIs} & Topic 16: 16\_voice\_speech\_audio\_microphone \\  & Topic 17: 17\_ldpc\_ldpc code\_parity check\_channel input \\  & Topic 18: 18\_amplifier\_impedance\_transistor\_rf signal \\  & Topic 19: 19\_image quality\_image classification\_wavelet\_image data \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: This table shows the weak signals in 5 subjects in patent datasets of 6G. Our TEM reveals emerging trends in areas like radar signal processing and AI-based terminal device applications in the EAI dataset. Topics such as '13_radar_radar signal_doppler_chirp signal' and '14_ai model_terminal device_application_channel access' in the weak-signal quadrant suggest that these technologies are evolving. This information is valuable for enhancing the performance of 6G-enhanced air interfaces, guiding research toward better radar-based communication and AI-enabled terminal device capabilities. Overall, we demonstrate that the DTM framework with TEMs offers valuable insights into emerging technologies in each field.