## 4 Discussion  
Recently, there has been a growing trend in dental research to explore innovative approaches for eliminating dental biofilms. Similar studies have shown that using organic products can eliminate bacterial biofilms in the oral cavity, that various forms of chlorhexidine in mouthwashes are effective, that fluoride-free toothpaste has benefits, as does toothpaste containing fluoride and fluoride varnish, and that the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate into oral hygiene products and its application is significant [27; 28; 29]. The benefits of sodium bicarbonate are described in many dental studies. Although not a  
Figure 14: Representation at the initial –final evaluation of the Silness–Löe dental plaque before/after brushing the teeth.  
Figure 13: Photo-index representation of Silness–Löe dental plaque in a participant before/after brushing his teeth with CBC.  
universal remedy for dental ailments, the properties of sodium bicarbonate, including its ingestion safety, low abrasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and synergy with fluoride, make it an excellent ingredient in dental hygiene products [30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36]. Moreover, recently introduced compounds have been shown to have a significant impact on the oral environment [37]. A turmeric toothpaste capable of keeping oral cavity warm and improving tooth cold, dental ulcers, and stomach stench is a patented invention that comprises sorbitol, water, silicon dioxide hydrate, polyethylene glycol-8, sodium lauryl sulfate, essence, cellulose gum, xanthan gum, sodium saccharin, sodium benzoate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, and turmeric extract [38]. A Chinese herbal medicine toothpaste offers the same tooth cleaning and oral health protective functions as common toothpaste and it is fortified with lavelander herbal extract to provide fragrance and antibacterial effects [39]. Another study aimed to assess the impact of activated charcoal toothpastes on enamel and dentin erosive wear, utilizing an optical profilometer. The results indicate that there is no increase in erosive tooth wear when using activated charcoal toothpastes. Furthermore, it was observed that certain charcoal toothpastes, as well as a reference toothpaste, offer protection against surface loss, and the results also suggested that the concentration of fluoride in the slurries for enamel has a strong negative correlation with surface loss, concluding that the use of activated charcoal toothpastes does not lead to an increase in tooth wear, and certain products may even provide additional protection against surface loss [40].  
In the present study, a comparative analysis was conducted on toothpastes formulated with organic components including sodium bicarbonate compounds, coconut oil, turmeric, lavender, and medicinal charcoal that do not cause insults to the body. The findings indicated that all four toothpastes, namely CB, CBT, CBL, and CBC, led to a reduction in the ISL score. Notably, the toothpaste containing medicinal charcoal was the most efficacious in this respect.  
The utilization of sodium bicarbonate [30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36], turmeric [38], lavelander [39], and charcoal [40; 41] has a notable impact on reducing the ISL value, and subsequently, has the potential to positively impact oral health by effectively decreasing the bacterial plaque film on teeth, thereby promoting optimal oral hygiene. Therefore, these products should be regarded as toothpushing adjuvants in future studies.  
This study details certain constraints, such as a narrow selection of naturally occurring constituents used in the toothpaste formulation, and the exclusion of fluoride, which decreases the caries index but may cause detrimental effects on human physiology. Nevertheless, this study is the first to compare four types of toothpaste with natural ingredients: CB, CBT, CBL, and CBC.