# Phosphorus Distribution in Soils from Australian Dairy and Beef Rearing Pastoral Systems
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sampling** & & & & & & & & \\
**Sites** & **Soil Parameters** & **Site W1** & **Site W2** & **Site W3** & **Site W4** & **Site W5** & **Site W6** & **Site W7** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Warragul Area} & pH\({}_{\text{W}}\) & 5.5 & 5.4 & 5.0 & 5.1 & 5.4 & 5.6 & 5.2 \\ \cline{2-10}  & pH\({}_{\text{Ca}}\) & 4.9 & 4.8 & 4.4 & 4.3 & 4.8 & 4.8 & 4.1 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Electrical Conductivity & & & & & & & \\ (dS/m) & 0.542 & 0.483 & 0.322 & 0.351 & 0.291 & 0.223 & 0.092 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Total P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 1838 & 1941 & 3009 & 2680 & 1779 & 2062 & 1103 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Colwell P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 730 & 671 & 418 & 446 & 126 & 251 & 110 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Olsen P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 93 & 80 & 114 & 99 & 36 & 74 & 39 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Water extractable P & & & & & & & \\ (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 17.5 & 11.7 & 3.7 & 6.6 & 3.0 & 10.1 & 8.9 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Calcium chloride & & & & & & & \\ extractable P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 6.7 & 4.3 & 1.7 & 2.9 & 0.9 & 5.0 & 3.3 \\ \hline
**Sampling** & **Soil Parameters** & **Site M1** & **Site M2** & **Site M3** & **Site M4** & **Site M5** & **Site M6** & **Site M7** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Maffra Area} & pH\({}_{\text{W}}\) & 5.3 & 5.6 & 4.9 & 6.1 & 5.4 & 6.0 & 6.2 \\ \cline{2-10}  & pH\({}_{\text{Ca}}\) & 4.9 & 5.3 & 4.5 & 5.3 & 5.0 & 5.6 & 5.6 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Electrical Conductivity & & & & & & & \\ (dS/m) & 0.766 & 1.713 & 1.293 & 0.689 & 1.225 & 0.874 & 0.535 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Total P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 1936 & 2381 & 1447 & 1470 & 1775 & 2000 & 1743 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Colwell P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 314 & 443 & 106 & 89 & 334 & 319 & 306 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Olsen P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 77 & 133 & 33 & 36 & 108 & 86 & 81 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Water extractable P & & & & & & & \\ (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 29.5 & 53.0 & 13.7 & 19.5 & 48.4 & 47.8 & 32.1 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Calcium chloride & & & & & & & \\ extractable P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 11.7 & 40.2 & 7.8 & 7.2 & 46.2 & 22.1 & 12.7 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Measured soil parameters for the surface soil (0–20 mm) of individual sampling sites of the Warragul and Maffra areas. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sampling** & & & & & & & & \\
**Sites** & **Soil Total P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **Site W1** & **Site W2** & **Site W3** & **Site W4** & **Site W5** & **Site W6** & **Site W7** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Warragul Area} & Soil Total P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 1838 & 1941 & 3009 & 2680 & 1779 & 2062 & 1103 \\  & Extract Total P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) a & 1663 & 1708 & 2237 & 2072 & 1304 & 1771 & 836 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Extract Total P (\%) b & 90.5 & 88.0 & 74.3 & 77.3 & 73.3 & 85.9 & 75.7 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Extract Organic P (mg P kg\({}^{-1}\)) & 577 & 559 & 508 & 547 & 447 & 572 & 399 \\ \cline{2-10}  & Extract Organic P (\%) c & 34.7 & 32.7 & 22.7 & 26.4 & 34.3 & 32.3 & 47.8 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Selected soil and soil extract (NaOH-EDTA) characteristics of individual sampling sites of the Warragul and Maffra areas. The \({}^{31}\)P NMR spectra of NaOH-EDTA extracts of all fourteen soils are shown in Figure 2. These spectra are similar to \({}^{31}\)P NMR of NaOH-EDTA soil extracts published previously [8,11,18,46,47]. The distribution of P species, as determined by integration of the \({}^{31}\)P NMR spectra across broad chemical shift regions is given in Table 4.