esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Research Methodology  
The reviewed research studying the relation between COC and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes, shows that although all disciplines participating in the treatment of T2 DM are important, COC has only been studied in depth for physicians. Furthermore, the specific features of the setting of the present study, which includes a high turnover of physicians in the healthcare centers, could affect the characteristics of COC for physicians. These issues generate the following research questions:  
* Does a scenario with high turnover of physicians in primary care affect the positive relation between continuity of care and patient outcomes described in the literature?
* Is it possible to find an association between COC for the other disciplines involved in the treatment of diabetes (nurse and dietitian), and patient evolution?  
To answer these questions, we analyzed data regarding appointment scheduling and HbA1c test results captured by information systems in three primary healthcare centers. We calculated COC using the most frequently used metrics available in the literature (UPC, HI, COCI, SECON) for the three involved disciplines, separately (physicians, nurses and dietitians). As clinical outcome, we used patient evolution, described as a categorical variable (stable, improved, worsened, moderately decompensated, and highly decompensated). We compared whether there were statistically significant differences in COC for the different patient evolution segments.  
This section describes the research methodology used in this study in detail. First, we describe the setting of the study, followed by the patients that were selected for it. Then, we describe how the patient evolution segments were determined, the continuity metrics that we used, the descriptive variables of the population, and the statistical methods employed.
# Sustainability in Bio-Based Edible Films, Coatings, and Packaging for Small Fruits
## 5 Edible Film and Coating Functionalities Important for the Small Fruit Industry
### Bioactivity of the Edible Films and Coatings
#### 5.1.1 Antimicrobial Properties
The results of the antimicrobial assays indicate that the peony extracts in chitosan were able to counteract effectively the growth of the fungus _Candida valida_ and _Pichia kluyveri_ isolated from deteriorated strawberries, which prolongs the shelf life of strawberries to about 16 days [139]. Extracts obtained from food industry waste products are worthy of attention. Graprefruit seed extract incorporated into carnauba wax coating caused total growth inhibition of _M. frutticola_ and _R. stolonifera_[166]. Chitosan coatings enriched with leaf and olive pomace extracts showed antifungal activity against _P. expansum_ and _R. stolonifer_ applied to strawberries [140]. Coating blackberries with chitosan at 17.5 mg/mL dissolved with lactic acid (LA-17.5) effectively reduced soft mold caused by _M. racemosus_ during the postharvest period [126]. Films based on Brazilian pine seeds starch, citric pectin, and feijoa fruit extracts applied on grapes demonstrated the effectiveness for food conservation. The release of bioactive compounds indicates that the films are a rich source of compounds with potent antimicrobial activity against _Escherichia coli_, _Salmonella_, and _Shigella_[134]. The number of mesophilic and psychotrophic bacteria and the number of yeasts and molds in blackberry fruits coated with edible starch-nystose during 20 days of cold storage resulted in recommended microbial counts of less than \(10^{6}\) CFU/g of fruit. They were statistically lower than that determined for uncoated fruits [126]. Among the bactericidal ingredients incorporated into edible films and coatings are also ingredients of animal origin, including enzymes, e.g., lysozyme isolated from hen egg or lactoferrin or lactoperoxidase from milk. Lysozyme causes hydrolysis of peptidoglycan, a component of gram-positive bacteria's cell wall. A particular advantage of antibacterial-enriched edible films is that they eliminate food-borne pathogens or food-spoilage microorganisms on food surfaces by diffusing the antibacterial agent into the food product, but do not result in the overall increase of the additive in the food.
# Optimal Scheduling of Hydro-PV-Wind Hybrid System Considering CHP and BESS Coordination
## 2 Coordinated Optimal Scheduling Model of Hybrid System
### Objective of Optimal Scheduling Model in Hybrid System
#### 2.2.2 The Model of PV and WT  
Different from those of a conventional thermal power unit, the operation characteristics and uncertainties of renewable energy sources make it hard to adjust their grid power.  
The output power of wind turbines is mainly determined by the speed of wind and based on the nature of the turbine's power curve. The energy output can be expressed as follows considering the character of wind turbine operation:  
\[\left\{\begin{array}{l}P_{W}=0,\ v<v_{ci}\ \&\ v>v_{co}\\ P_{W}=P_{r}\frac{(v-v_{ci})}{(v_{r}-v_{ci})}=a+bv,\ v_{ci}<v<v_{r}\\ P_{W}=P_{r},\ v_{r}<v<v_{co}\end{array}\right. \tag{11}\]  
As another renewable resource, the output of solar power mainly depends on factors such as temperature, light intensity, and panel area. The output of PV can be estimated as follows:  
\[P_{solar}=P_{sc}I_{T}[1+k(T_{c}-T_{r})]/I_{sc} \tag{12a}\] \[T_{c}=T_{a}+30I_{T}/1000 \tag{12b}\]  
Equation (12b) calculates the working temperature of photovoltaic cell components in order to estimate the output power in Equation (12a).
## 3 Results
### Comparison of the Three Methods  
The number and combination of map units control the mapping result when using the SOM technique, while thresholds determine the results when using [PERSON]'s criteria and geomorphons. Table 2 lists the statistical results of elements for the three methods under suitable parameter settings. In this respect, a curvature tolerance of 0.01 and a slope tolerance of 5\({}^{\circ}\) is considered to be a suitable combination for separating relatively flat areas from subaqueous dunes areas when using the plane element in [PERSON]'s criteria. In this study, 2\({}^{\circ}\) was set as the optimal flatness to match flat elements with relatively flat areas. For Chizhou Reach, the total area of all the geomorphic elements defined by [PERSON]'s criteria and the SOM technique was 114,168 m\({}^{2}\), and an area of 16,873 m\({}^{2}\) provided a NODATA value or caused data loss. For the Yangtze Estuary, the total area was 120,033 m\({}^{2}\) and an area of 18,590 m\({}^{2}\) provided a NODATA value or caused data loss (Table 2). These morphometric parameters were calculated in a window of 7 \(\times\) 7 m. A geomorphic element was defined as NODATA when the window contained a NODATA value (a cell of blank area). In contrast, geomorphons provided a superior result, and the area between output and input was equal.  
For the description of flat bed, [PERSON]'s criteria uses the plane element to indicate relatively flat areas, and curvature tolerance determines the distribution of the plane element, which can host a  
Figure 8: Water depth profile overlaid by geomorphons-based elements for Cross-sections 1–6 under various flatness degrees.  
relatively larger slope angle. The SOM technique indicates a relatively flat area with flat, planar element corresponding to middle curvature and lowest slope. Middle curvature and relatively large slope relate to relatively steep, planar areas. Geomorphons uses flat elements to indicate relatively flat areas, and the definition of flat is related to a basically horizontal surface. As a result, the percentage of flat elements (in geomorphons) is the lowest, while that of plane (in [PERSON]'s criteria) is the largest (Table 2). For the description of scour pit, the size of the pit element is determined by the set of curvature and slope tolerance in [PERSON]'s criteria, and by the assignment of the flatness value in geomorphons; however, it cannot be defined using the SOM technique. To describe trough and crest, the SOM technique not only divides surface into channel and ridge but also further divides them based on their slope. Gentle-sloping ridge and channel tend to be the linear crest and trough of bedforms. For [PERSON]'s criteria and geomorphons, the crest and trough are present in an areal form, and their sizes change in accordance with slope tolerance and flatness. In comparison to the SOM technique, [PERSON]'s criteria and geomorphons provide a relatively simple element map matching with bedforms' features.
## 3 Circularly Polarized 5G Antenna Design and Optimization
### Geometry of the Proposed CP 5G Rdra  
The final design geometry was developed by adding the fifth and last length to the feeding strip to make the desired 5G Sub-6 GHz rectangular DRA, as depicted in Figures 1 and 2b. The optimized strip lengths were \(l_{1}=5.5\) mm, \(l_{2}=7\) mm, \(l_{3}=5\) mm, \(l_{4}=10\) mm, and \(l_{5}=1.5\) mm. The feed parameters were optimized by running a number of simulation sweeps to get the desired CP response. An impedance matching (\(\,\)\(\rm 1S_{11}\)\(\,\leq\)\(\,\)10 dB) over a bandwidth of \(\sim\)17% was provided by the proposed geometry, as presented in Figure 3. As shown, the degenerate modes TE\({}^{\rm x}_{\rm 813}\) at 4.13 GHz and TE\({}^{\rm y}_{\rm 183}\) at 4.52 GHz were excited to generate the circularly polarized response. The E-field and H-field distribution of the proposed CP 5G RDRA aare depicted in Figures 5 and 6, respectively.  
The CP response over a bandwidth of \(\sim\)10% was provided by the antenna. The achieved 3 dB axial ratio extended from 4.4-4.84 GHz which was good enough to cover the targeted n79 band. The AR and S11 bandwidths were achieved over the same range, as shown in Figure 7. Moreover, as the DRA radiated away from the ground the size did affect the performance much [26]. The antenna was simulated on different ground plane sizes and the results of S11 and the axial ratio are presented in Figures 8 and 9. The simulated surface current distributions of the antenna at 4.13 GHz (Minimum of S11) are depicted in Figure 10. As can be seen the composite current surface currents on the novel feed were orthogonal at 0\({}^{\circ}\) and 90\({}^{\circ}\), which provided the required condition for CP generation.  
Figure 6: H-field distribution of the CP 5G RDRA (**a**) TE\({}^{\rm x}_{\rm 813}\) at 4.13 GHz; (**b**) TE\({}^{\rm y}_{\rm 183}\) at 4.52 GHz.  
Figure 7: S11 and AR ratio overlapping bandwidths of the CP 5G RDRA.  
The wideband CP response and higher-order mode excitation were achieved using a low-cost simple design configuration without any complexity, which is a good contribution to those reported in the literature. The performance comparison of different geometries in the development of the desired CP 5G Sub-6 GHz antenna is summarized in Table 2. The optimized circularly polarized antenna was then fabricated to experimentally validate the proposed design which is demonstrated and explained in the next section.  
Figure 8: S11 of the CP 5G RDRA with different ground plane sizes.  
Figure 9: AR ratio of the CP 5G RDR with different ground plane sizes.
## 5 Discussion
### Contours of Equal DCP Penetration  
The evaluation of homogeneous clay-sand layers can be performed using dynamic cone penetration soundings, which provide useful and quick information about the status of the layer quality with regard to the density and shear strength. For efficient assessment, a grid of points with about 10 m spacings is created, and the penetration obtained is recorded for a fixed number of blows. Alternatively, a suggested penetration level is defined with a mark on the penetration tool, and then the number of blows needed to achieve this penetration is counted. This method can enable plotting a contour drawing showing the penetration or the number of blows. Very dense, dense, and loose zones can be identified  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Mixture Bentonite Content** & **Moisture State** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Compression Index** \\ **(Cc)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Swelling Index** \\ **(Cr)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{5\% B} & DOMC & 0.034 & 0.012 \\ \cline{2-4}  & OMC & 0.033 & 0.011 \\ \cline{2-4}  & WOMC & 0.031 & 0.010 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{10\% B} & DOMC & 0.038 & 0.015 \\ \cline{2-4}  & OMC & 0.032 & 0.011 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & WOMC & 0.026 & 0.011 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Compression and swell index properties of clay–sand mixtures tested.  
and labeled. Fine-tuning can be made by closer grids of 5 m or smaller for areas showing large variations or unusual measurements.  
It is known in practice that the control of compaction works is based on the deviation from the optimum moisture content. The compaction effort needed to achieve the maximum dry density is low when the material is compacted at the optimum moisture content. However, after compaction, weather conditions can affect the moisture content within the top soils, but the dry density remains unchanged. The use of the dynamic cone penetrometer as a predictive and measurement tool is widely accepted in geotechnical engineering but needs to be enhanced by additional testing in order to correct and refine the data.  
The required testing includes moisture profiling and grain size distribution. Grouping the data of equal moisture content can help with comparisons. The grain size distribution can introduce the clay content, which has an impact on the number of blows. The correction factor can be based on a chart of different clay contents prepared for each site. For example, for an adjustment of a zone showing 10% clay content compared to a zone with 5% clay content, an average factor of 2.1 can be applied based on the outcome of this study. Figure 15 shows the contour lines for an equal number of blows for 5% bentonite mixture and 10% bentonite mixture.
# Changes in Meteorological Elements and Its Impacts on Yunnan Plateau Lakes
## 4 Discussion
### Possible Impacts of Climate Change on Highland Lakes in Yunnan
The results obtained in this study indicate that the Yunnan Plateau lakes are undergoing a long-term increase in rising air temperatures, particularly in the spring and winter, whereas wind speeds are declining, thereby providing conditions that are conducive to an increase in algal biomass during the growth season, along with an extension of the growth period of thermophilic algae such as cyanobacteria. The thermodynamic stratification and mixing of deep-water lakes are the most important limnological characteristics influencing the vertical heterogeneity of water quality and aquatic biological components of deep-water lakes [41]. Increases in lake heat input caused by climate warming will directly modify the thermodynamic structure of deep-sea lakes [42; 43], thereby resulting in a prolonged period of stratification, lower thermocline depth, and increased thermal stability [44; 45; 46; 47], which could even result in the conversion of some seasonally stratified lakes to perennially stratified lakes. Dissolved oxygen is among the key factors necessary for the maintenance of lake ecosystem health, and the rate of vertical diffusion of substances such as oxygen in the thermocline will be significantly reduced under conditions of long-term stable stratification [48; 49]. Given that dissolved oxygen does not readily diffuse to the bottom of lakes and that oxygen is continually being consumed by organic matter in lake sediments, an increase in the thermal stability of deep-water lakes will strengthen the stratification of dissolved oxygen, and thereby lead to hypoxia in the lower layers of lakes [50]. Among the Yunnan Plateau lakes, Lake Erhai is exceptional, in that it is completely thermally mixed, owing to specific geothermal conduction [51]. Of the other lakes, the thermal stratification and circulation in lakes Fuxian, Lugu, Chenghai, and Yangzonghai are characterized by mixing in winter and stratification in spring, summer, and autumn, which is typical of warm single-mixed lakes [52; 53; 54]. Combined with reductions in wind speed, the clear increases in the autumn and winter air temperatures of the Yunnan Plateau lakes will inevitably lead to increases in thermal stability and extension of the stratification period in lakes Fuxian, Lugu, Chenghai, and Yangzonghai, whereas the semi-enclosed characteristics of the Yunnan Plateau lakes will be more conducive to the accumulation of organic matter in lake sediments. Climate change is thus predicted to have adverse effects on dissolved oxygen contents in the lower layers of deep-water lakes on the Yunnan Plateau, thereby contributing to a decline in the ecosystem health of these lakes.
# Replication-Based Dynamic Energy-Aware Resource Provisioning for Scientific Workflows
## 1 Introduction
This research work presents a dynamic energy-aware resource-provisioning (DEAR) strategy for SWs in an IaaS cloud service model. 2. This work also implements a replication-based fault-tolerant mechanism in the proposed DEAR strategy to make it R-DEAR, a failure-free resource-provisioning technique for the IaaS cloud service model. 3. In the proposed R-DEAR strategy, one or more users will submit SWs to the workflow manager. 4. The workflow/resource information provider (WRIP) will obtain the details of resources and scientific workflow requirements. It is presumed that the energy consumption for each resource is predefined for the submitted workflow on the basis of tasks contained within it. 5. The workflow scheduler obtains information regarding the workflow tasks from the workflow manager. The tasks are sorted per their energy consumption in ascending order \(\text{T1}<\text{T2}<\text{T3}\dots\) Tn. The WRIP provides information about resources and workflows to the workflow scheduler. The accessible resources are arranged in descending order by energy consumption: R1 > R2 > R3... Rn. 7. The workflow scheduler sends the information about tasks and resources to the workflow engine. 8. The workflow engine assigns tasks to resources in each process based on sorted lists, and then starts the workflow. The workflow engine distributes the workload across available resources and reports task and resource status to the workflow replica manager. 9. During task execution, the workflow replica manager keeps a copy of each task and checks the resource status. If a task fails, a duplicate of the task will be sent to the resource to finish the execution. 10. The workflow engine will compile the result after successful execution and return it to the end user. The remaining parts of the paper are presented as follows: work related to the proposed research is given in Section 2; the system design and model are provided in Section 3; the details of the evaluation methods are highlighted in Section 4; the experimental setup, results, and discussion are presented in Section 5; and the conclusion, limitations and future work are given in Section 6.
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Column Experiments--Operation System  
#### 2.2.1 TWWE Infiltration  
Only TWWE was infiltrated in the first experimental phase to simulate a typical operational mode of a standard on-site infiltration system. In addition, stable biodegradation was achieved prior to initiating the second experimental phase with joint infiltration of TWWE and additional water originating from precipitation. The amount of TWWE to be infiltrated per day was defined on the basis of the requirements of two German DIN standards [8, 25]. There, it is specified that the daily TWWE of 150 L per population equivalent (PE), corresponding to the mean amount of domestic wastewater in rural areas, is to be infiltrated on a minimum area of 1 m\({}^{2}\). Based on a column surface area of 0.018 m\({}^{2}\), the amount of TWWE to be infiltrated per day was 2.62 L.  
TWWE was intermittently applied according to the hydrograph of the daily water consumption [26] directly at the column top and therefore on the soil representing the first soil layer below the infiltration ditch (see Supplementary Materials S1). Thus, a realistic infiltration pattern with increased wastewater accumulation in the morning and evening hours of a day was realized. The average residence time of the TWWE in the soils, determined by tracer experiments, was 3.1 d (soil1), 3.15 d (soil2), 2.38 d (soil3), and 2.71 d (soil4).  
The TWWE originated from an SWWTP with 50 residents and was collected every four weeks. The concentrations of the constituents varied in a significant range, depending mainly on the sampling date (Table 2). The TWWE was stored at a constant temperature of 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C to ensure stable composition.  
When assessing the shown TWWE concentrations, it becomes apparent that a potential amount of residual concentrations still remains (e.g., NH\({}_{4}\)-N), which might have an impact on groundwater quality under certain circumstances (e.g., short distance to the aquifer, soils with high hydraulic conductivity). Therefore, the experiments were carried out to provide evidence of the degradation potentials of the residual concentration on the first 1.4 m of soil passage.  
The occurrence of clogging, especially in soil 2, was observed during the experimental runtime. The accumulation of organic matter and suspended solids as well as the growth of biofilms in the upper soil layer led to a reduction of the infiltration capacity. The uppermost centimeter of the soil had to be replaced regularly by scraping the material.
## 1 Introduction
Additionally, their hardware incorporates various embedded tracking sensors, which has the possibility to eliminate reliance on external devices. For example, the second iteration of HoloLens has four head-tracking cameras, one time-of-flight and one 8-MP RGB camera, which compose the system, capable of registering and tracking the markers. Commonly, the selection of markers for AR applications often involves choosing from widely utilized options such as ArUco [11] and its variants or the popular Vutoria library (PTC Inc, Boston, MA, USA). While there is plenty of research on the use of HoloLens with marker-based tracking in medicine [12], the same cannot be said for dentistry applications, particularly in the field of implantology (see Section 2). The objective of this in vitro study is to assess the suitability of utilizing the AR headset HoloLens 2 for marker tracking in the dentistry scenario, preferring application in dynamic navigational guidance, and determine its accuracy. Accuracy in this sense is defined as the combination of trueness and precision [13]. Trueness explains how close the measured values are to actual ones, and precision defines the closeness of agreement between repeated values. A few null hypotheses of accuracy in different experimental scenarios were stated. The first hypothesis was that there is no accuracy difference between locations in the dental arch that were identified as appropriate for the calibration procedure. The second hypothesis was that there is no accuracy difference in virtual model perspective in different view positions and settings. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In Section 2. we explore AR headset implementation in the implantology-related literature. In Section 3, we describe the experimental design of the calibration and virtual dental model alignment setups for accuracy evaluation. Section 4 presents the results obtained from each experimental setup. In Section 5, we discuss the results and their applicability in addressing the raised problem. Finally, Section 6 presents the conclusions of our study.