## 3 Results and Discussion
### Volatile Compounds
#### 3.4.10. Furanoids and Lactones
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & & & & & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Differences in Concentration**} \\ \cline{6-13}  & & & & & & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**One-Way ANOVA**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Two-Way ANOVA**} \\ \cline{6-13}
**Co.** & **Volatile Compounds** & **ID** & **LRI\({}_{\text{e}}\)** & **LRI\({}_{\text{l}}\)** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**2021**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**2022**} & \\ \cline{6-13}  & & & & & **SCE** & **SPA** & **SCE** & **SPA** & **Y** & **H** & **Y**\(\times\)**H** \\ \cline{6-13}  & & & & & **SCE** & **SPA** & **SCE** & **SPA** & **Y** & **H** & **Y**\(\times\)**H** \\ \hline BE58 & Benzyl alcohol & A, B, C & 1879 & 1877 & 2.64 & 2.68 & 2.58 & 2.79 & n.s. & n.s. & n.s. \\ BE59 & Ethyl hydrocinamate & B, C & 1887 & 1880 & n.d. & n.d. & **0.54 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **0.30 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & - & - & - \\ BE60 & 1-Methylhaphthalene & B, C & 1897 & 1893 & **0.15 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **0.11 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE61 & Isoamyl benzoate & B, C & 1913 & 1916 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.10 & 0.11 & - & - & - \\ BE62 & _trans_-4-Phenylbut-3-en-2-one & B & 1961 & - & 0.57 & 0.63 & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE63 & Biphenyl & B, C & 1992 & 2012 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.53 & 0.57 & - & - & - \\ BE64 & 1-Ethyl-2-3-dihydro-1H-indene & B & 1992 & - & n.d. & n.d. & 0.09 & 0.09 & - & - & - \\ BE65 & 4-Phenylbuttone & B, C & 1997 & 2032 & 0.31 & 0.35 & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE66 & 2\({}^{\prime}\),\({}^{\prime}\)S-Dimethylcrotonophenone & B & 1997 & - & **0.17 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **0.28 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **0.68 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **0.83 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **SPA** & **22** & n.s. \\ BE67 & 2,6-Disopropylhaphthalene & B, C & 2230 & 2242 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.07 & 0.05 & - & - & - \\ BE68 & 4-Acetylbenzaldehyde & B & 2235 & - & 0.85 & 0.89 & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE69 & 3-Hydroxy-4-phenyl-2-butanone & B, C & 2260 & 2259 & n.d. & n.d. & **0.06 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **0.04 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & - & - & - \\  & 1-Hydroxy-2-4-di-tert-butylbenzene & B, C & 2299 & 2294 & n.d. & n.d. & 43.78 & 44.38 & - & - & - \\ BE71 & 1,3-Diacetylbenzene & B, C & 2332 & 2333 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.19 & 0.17 & - & - & - \\ BE72 & 1-Phthalanone & B, C & 2357 & 2356 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.11 & 0.09 & - & - & - \\ BE73 & Benzoic acid & B, C & 2438 & 2432 & 5.11 & 7.20 & 4.66 & 5.24 & n.s. & n.s. & n.s. \\ BE74 & 1H-Indole & B, C & 2455 & 2454 & 0.80 & 0.82 & 0.27 & 0.33 & n.s. & **21** & n.s. \\ BE75 & \(p\)-Isopropylphenol & B & 2455 & - & 0.07 & 0.08 & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE76 & Benzophenone & B, C & 2482 & 2470 & n.d. & n.d. & 0.09 & 0.08 & - & - & - \\ BE77 & 3-Methylbenzoic acid & B & 2532 & - & 0.18 & 0.14 & 0.31 & 0.27 & n.s. & **22** & n.s. \\ BE78 & Phenylacetic acid & B, C & 2560 & 2560 & **0.62 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **0.46 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE79 & 3-Phenylbutyric acid & B & 2628 & - & 0.04 & 0.26 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE80 & 4-Ethylbenzoic acid & B & 2635 & - & n.d. & n.d. & **0.16 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **0.29 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & - & - & - \\ BE81 & 3-(1-Methylethyl)benzoic acid & B & 2642 & - & 0.03 & 0.11 & 0.04 & 0.03 & n.s. & n.s. & n.s. \\ BE82 & 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoic acid & B & 2714 & - & 0.06 & 0.08 & n.d. & n.d. & - & - & - \\ BE83 & \(p\)-tert-Butylbenzoic acid & B & 2749 & - & n.d. & n.d. & **0.21 \({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **0.51 \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & - & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 14: Concentrations (\(\text{g}/\text{L}\)) of fumaiods and lactones found in Malvazija istarska white wines produced by fermentation with _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ (SCE) and _Saccharomyces paradoxus_ (SPA) yeasts in two harvest years determined by untargeted two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC \(\times\) GC/TOF-MS).