## 2 Materials and Methods
### Procedures
#### 2.2.2 Experimental Session (Session 2)  
Forty-eight hours after the first session (i.e., familiarization), the participant returned to the laboratory for evaluation. The isometric strength was evaluated using a FEMD (Myoquality, Model M1, Granada, Spain) with a distance sensing accuracy of 3 mm and 100 g over the detected mass and a load range of 1-400 kg. The FEMD has a sampling frequency of 1 kHz and a velocity range from 0.05 ms\({}^{-1}\) to 2.80 ms\({}^{-1}\)[24]. The general warm-up began with global activation on a cycle ergometer at 60 rpm for 5 min, followed by joint mobility of the upper limbs. The specific warm-up consisted of performing 10 repetitions of bicep curl and 10 repetitions of wrist curl with 2 kg dumbbells for both arms. The order in which the exercises were performed, the condition (SiP or StP), and the arm evaluated (unilateral D, unilateral ND, or BL) were randomized. Following the recommendations of [PERSON] et al. [28], a duration of 8 s of maximal isometric contraction was set for each trial, with a 3 min rest before performing the next trial. This procedure was repeated for each of the six evaluated positions. The 90\({}^{\circ}\) measurement was ensured using a manual goniometer. All three assessments performed in the seated condition were performed on a Scott bench. The seat height was adjusted for each participant before beginning the test. For the BL evaluation, the arms were resting on the Scott bench with a separation between them equal to the width of the shoulders. The ventral portion of the thorax and posterior portion of the arm were placed in contact with the edge of the Scott bench. The grip was performed in a supine position with the shoulders in a neutral position and the elbows flexed at 90\({}^{\circ}\) (Figure 1). For the unilateral seated assessment, the initial position was the same as that adopted for the BL assessment, with the only difference being that the non-performing arm was placed in a stretched (i.e., full extension) and relaxed way. The elbow joint of the performing arm was placed at 90\({}^{\circ}\) of flexion, and both shoulders were kept in a neutral position (Figure 2). BL assessment was performed in the standing position at 0\({}^{\circ}\) of plantar flexion. The feet were placed parallel to each other with a separation between them equal to the width of the shoulders. The knees were semi-flexed. The grip was performed in a supine position while the shoulders were in a neutral position and the elbows were flexed at 90\({}^{\circ}\). Participants were instructed to keep their heads straight with their eyes fixed forward throughout the isometric performance (Figure 3). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Forearm Length (cm)** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Forearm Cire-** \\ **cumference** \\ **(cm)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Arm Length (cm)** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Relaxed Arm** \\ **(cm)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Contracted** \\ **Arm Circumference (cm)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Mean & 25.99 & 27.34 & 35.77 & 30.96 & 33.66 \\ \hline Standard deviation & 1.02 & 1.74 & 1.64 & 3.27 & 3.20 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Upper limb lengths and circumferences. The unilateral assessment was performed in the standing position at 0\({}^{\circ}\) of plantar flexion with the opposite leg in front of the executing arm. The knees were semi-flexed. The  
Figure 1: In the sitting position, bilateral elbow flexion is performed at a 90\({}^{\circ}\) angle: (**A**) side view, (**B**) back view. Figure 3: Standing upright, performing: (**A**) bilateral elbow flexion with both arms bent at a 90\({}^{\circ}\) angle, (**B**) unilateral right elbow flexion with the right arm bent at a 90\({}^{\circ}\) angle, and (**C**) unilateral left elbow flexion with the left arm bent at a 90\({}^{\circ}\) angle. Figure 2: In the sitting position, perform unilateral elbow flexion at a 90\({}^{\circ}\) angle: (**A**) right arm, (**B**) left arm.