## 4 Discussion  
This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined training (WBV+BOSU) on shooting performance and movement stability. Post-training, every parameter is affected. No previous study has conducted UST on WBV; hence, its possible benefits to shooters were uncertain. According to the results of this study, WBV+UST could effectively improve the shooting score by 6.25%. The training also shortened the shooting movement time by 2.00%, reducing fatigue. With the shortened time and improved score, maximum benefit can be obtained. Additionally, after the 6 week WBV+UST, the overall movement control 10 ms before firing improved by 17.68%, as measured using DevTotal, and the vertical stability of hold (DevY) improved by 26.70%, 27.10%, 27.25%, 26.32%, and 26.84% in 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ms, respectively, with the stimulation of a vertical sine wave. It can, thus, be seen that WBV+UST is a feasible auxiliary training method for shooting. This study also aimed to explore the influence of the 6 week training on the important factors of elite air rifle players in shooting and identify the best training method to improve their performance. Among air rifle shooting skills, stability maintenance, accurate aiming, smooth firing, and firing time have been confirmed as the most relevant factors influencing air rifle shooting scores. The degree of gun stability is a condition that is essential to movement in shooting skills. Our study results showed that the 10-40 ms-DevTotal and 10-50 ms-DevY values significantly improved, which was consistent with the results of the  
Figure 4: The difference phase during 10–50 ms-DevY of the shooting performance. previous studies. Based on this, the influence score was determined, which revealed that muzzle movement contributed to 54% of the shooting score [11]. Shooting demonstrated a static, relatively subtle movement. The results showed that the 6 week WBV+UST training reduced the muzzle trajectory and shooting time, indicating improvements of body stability and shooting performance. Further, all the parameters recovered to the initial condition after the 6 week detraining period, confirming the strong evidence of positive effects of WBV+UST. The results of this study emphasize the importance of gun-holding stability in achieving excellent shooting skills. DevTotal values showed significant improvement, specifically the improved stability of posture control 10 ms before firing due to training. However, the ability of elite athletes to reduce posture swing in the forward and backward directions in the last second before firing is related to gun-holding stability. Therefore, maintaining posture control is important as this indirectly influences performance score. Previous studies have investigated the association between stability and shooting score in novice rifle shooters, and the results were consistent with those of the present study [6]. Therefore, when designing training programs for improving the abilities of novice and elite athletes, stability maintenance should be considered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effect of WBV+UST on professional sports proficiency and balance. We speculated that UST by standing on a vibration platform is an effective method to improve lower limb stability. In this study, vertical sinusoidal oscillations at 30 Hz were adapted, similar to those in previous studies. Some studies also showed that squatting on the left and right electric balance plates can improve the activation method of the lower limb muscles, as evaluated through surface electromyography (EMG). EMG was not used to evaluate muscle activation in this study; thus, the conclusion cannot be extrapolated for a more detailed explanation. The absence of a time limit in shooting competitions has prompted studies to investigate aiming time or firing fluency. This study showed improvements in the players' total time. The longer the shooting time, the more the players experience fatigue.