# A Data Driven Approach for Raw Material Terminology
## 3 Resource Preparation
### Dictionary (Retro)Digitisation  
In order to expand and enrich the available digital resources, a number of paper dictionaries were digitised in the preparatory phase. After scanning, OCR and transformation to MS Word, with preservation of formats (bold, italic), manual correction was performed. The Word documents were then parsed, by a parsing procedure that was fine-tuned for each dictionary, according to its structure. Parsed data were finally transformed to structured formats: excel and xml, before being imported to the internal relational database. The procedure will be illustrated on one multilingual dictionary (MD) and one monolingual dictionary (DMMRT). The digitisation and parsing of MD produced 16,491 term entries (examples of term entries are given in (Figure 1), where Serbian terms were aligned with one or more English term equivalents (the remaining 3 languages were also stored in the database, but they were not used in this approach). The majority of dictionary entries (15,016) contained only one Serbian term, but there were 1355 entries with two terms, and 120 with 3-5 terms, resulting in a total of 18,092 Serbian terms, of which 16,916 distinct. As to the English part of the dictionary, there were 13,163 entries with one term, 2553 with two terms and 775 with 3-8 terms, resulting in a total of 20,878 English terms, of which 17,774 distinct. Raw material terminology, akin to general technical terminology, contains a large number of multi-component terms. In the dataset obtained from the dictionary 23% of English entries are single word terms, 50% are two-component terms, 18% have three components and the remaining 9% have four or more. As for Serbian entries, 22% are one-component terms, 47% have two components, 17% have three, and the remaining 14% have four or more. The majority of English multi-component terms are noun compounds. These linguistic constructions are most often composed of two or more nouns. for example, _'coal waste'--'jalovina'_, _'waste dump'--'ollegalsite jalovine'_, _'gas pressure'--'pritisk gasa'_. However, they can also contain three, four or more nouns, for example, _'gas protection apparatus'--'lichna zastitna sredstva od gasova'_, _'mul circulation pressure hose'--'isplacno creco'_. Given the frequency of multi-component terms, an analysis of translational equivalents in English and Serbian was performed in terms of the number of their components. It was found that in 20% of cases both translational equivalents have one component, in 31% of cases both have two components, in 15% of cases the Serbian term has one component more than the English term, while in 13% of cases the English term has one component more, in 5% of cases the Serbian term has two components more, and in 3% of cases English has two components more. All other cases cover the remaining 13% of cases. Figure 1: Examples of scanned Mining dictionary entries. Entries in DMMRT have one or more senses per each term, described by a definition, and labeled by small letters \(a\), \(b\), \(c\),..., \(u\). Each individual sense can be related to one or more other terms in the dictionary, and it can be followed by its bibliographic source. Digitization of DMMRT yielded 28,757 terms with a total of 37188 sense definitions, where 24,115 terms have only one sense, 2942 have 2, 890 have 3, 641 have 4-6, 139 have 7-10, and 34 have 11-21. The most polysemous word is _'head'_ with 21 senses, followed by _'drift'_ and _'bottom'_ with 20 senses. Types of relations between entries can be: See (4090), See also (3983), CF (compare, 1824), Ant (antonym, 20), Etymol. (etymology, 130), Syn: or syn. (synonym, 2532), Abbrev. (abbreviation, 77), etc. Figure 2) presents the entry _'accessory plate'_ with five senses, marked by letters a-e. Two senses (a and e) are related to other dictionary terms (a to _'quartz wedge'_ by CF, and e to three synonyms and two other terms by CF), and two senses (b and c) are followed by their source ([PERSON]).