## 2 State of the Art
### Deep Audio in News Verification: Multidisciplinary Initiatives  
The IVERES project seeks to promote cooperation between universities, technology companies, and the media to develop innovative tools and methods in the fight against disinformation. Within this framework, the RTVE-UGR Chair plays a crucial role, combining academic and practical resources to create a robust audio verification environment. In this context of developing tools for detecting fake audio, multidisciplinary projects such as the RTVE-UGR Chair highlight their fundamental value. These collaborations, which integrate the knowledge and skills of computer scientists and journalists, both researchers and practitioners, are essential to face current and complex challenges such as audio verification. Several projects funded by the European Union (EU) have adopted this multidisciplinary vision to address news verification, and some of the most relevant are the following:  
* InVID: Project that developed a set of software tools to help journalists verify and legitimize amateur video and social media content. Includes features such as social media analysis, video forensics, and digital rights management [51; 52]. * WeVerify: This project expanded and improved existing verification tools, including a web browser plugin, a deepfake detector, and a domain credibility service [53]. * FANDANGO: In this project, the spread of fake news on social networks was analyzed using big data and artificial intelligence techniques. It also developed tools to detect and combat disinformation [54]. * AI4 Media: Focuses on research and training in artificial intelligence for the media sector. Its objective is to develop tools and resources that help the media combat misinformation and improve the quality of information [55]. * IBERIFIER ([[https://iberifier.eu/observatorio/](https://iberifier.eu/observatorio/)]([https://iberifier.eu/observatorio/](https://iberifier.eu/observatorio/)), accessed on 23 October 2024): It is a digital media observatory focused on Spain and Portugal, supported by the European Commission, and is part of the European Digital Media Observatory (EDMO). It is coordinated by the University of Navarra and agglutinates twelve universities, five organizations dedicated to news verification, several news agencies, and six multidisciplinary research centers. Its objectives include research into the characteristics and trends of the digital media ecosystem, the development of technologies for the detection of disinformation, the verification of disinformation, the preparation of reports on disinformation threats, and the promotion of media literacy initiatives. In the RTVE-UGR Chair, we seek to integrate the strengths observed and address the weaknesses found in these projects by being more specific about the roles and collaborative tasks. Given the current challenges, describing specific approaches to multidisciplinary work to combat deepfakes represents a great opportunity to innovate and improve audio verification practices [24]. We envisioned the following objectives for the Chair:  
1. Incorporate emerging technologies: Explore new applications of artificial intelligence in analysis and detection of fake audio, ensuring that this technology is useful and effective. 2 Promote multidisciplinary collaboration: We seek to contribute multidisciplinary approaches and strengthen our collaboration with other universities in the IVERES project as well as with the rest of the multidisciplinary team of the RTVE-UGR chair. 3. Training and dissemination: We aim to train journalism professionals in the use of tools for news verification as well as the ability to understand and evaluate the ethical implications of these technologies and disseminate the advances of this chair. With these objectives, the RTVE-UGR Chair, in addition to audio verification, seeks to equip the media with knowledge about the use of these tools while offering assistance and training to verification teams.