## 3 Results and Discussion  
The technique of obtaining spectral images of lesions of biological objects represented by potato tubers includes several stages from the beginning of vegetation of the studied samples, including harvesting and storage processes, up to the exposure to the fluorimetric and RAMAN lidar system. The complete procedure is as follows:  
The lidar was mounted on a tripod above the table, at a distance of 15-20 cm from the sample located on a white sheet of paper. The samples were illuminated by three halogen lamps, two of 500 W, and one of 700 W, as recommended by the camera instructions. The lidar was calibrated with a calibration panel before taking the images. Then the panel was removed from the frame when a series of images were taken. Tuber cuts were used for the fluorimetric and RAMAN lidar images. Using a blade, we made transverse central cuts in the tubers to get two approximately equal lobes. One of them was used for making a cut as uniform in thickness as possible in its different parts. All cuts were between 2 and 3 cm thick. In cases where it was impossible to make a cross-section in the tuber core (defects detected only when the tuber was cut, such as those resulting from various infections), a longitudinal cut was made in the center of the tuber lobe obtained in the cross-sectional cut. For the studied variety, the cuts were made immediately before imaging. Image processing methods can be divided into two classes: spatial (those performed directly over the image matrix) and frequency. When images are fed into a computer, a continuous image is converted into a discrete form. Thus, only signal (image) values fixed at specific points can be used in further processing [6]. The obtained spectral images were processed with a window method, i.e., not all images were successively processed in one stage but only their certain parts or \"windows\". After processing, their coordinates change according to specific algorithms on the initial image, and the image of the next window is processed similarly. Thus, it is possible to reduce memory consumption and processing time on the computer considerably. These actions must be performed at the first stage of preprocessing [8]. The monochrome 128 \(\times\) 128 image was processed in the experimental program. The technique of obtaining data on mechanical damage to tubers during the growing season and harvesting did not differ from that for a fluorimetric lidar: an object table was also used, a laser was placed above it, data were taken from slices of potato tubers of the same thickness. Figure 5: General view of experimental installation used to register the fluorescence spectra based on the fluorimetric and RAMAN lidar system. We selected the areas of the tuber cuts based on the signal intensity analysis along different spectrum lines (the white background had almost the same intensity of reflection along all lines of the spectrum). Three to five hyperspectral images of marketable and damaged potato tubers were taken for the study. When obtaining spectral curves, the images were segmented, and the average values of spectral brightness of selected segments over several images were used. Figure 6 shows a graphical display of the research results describing the force impact of a separating surface, represented by the rod drum simulating the operation of a rod elevator of the potato harvester.