## 6 Conclusions, Recommendations and Challenges  
This study was conducted under the hypothesis that the ship construction standards set by the IMO regulations may not sufficiently reduce noise to levels that ensure seafarers feel secure, potentially impacting sleep and work performance, thereby exacerbating seafarer fatigue and leading to maritime accidents. It was initiated to prove this content. In the IMO regulations, the noise levels in seafarer cabins are set at 55 dB for vessels under 10,000 gross tonnage and 60 dB for those over 10,000 gross tonnage. However, the WHO stipulates that noise levels in personal bedrooms during sleep should not exceed 40 dB. Current surveys conducted among cadets indicate that 79.6% experience sleep disturbances, work disruptions, and stress due to noise. Therefore, the current IMO standard for noise in individual cabins should be reduced to below 40 dB, which will significantly contribute to reducing maritime accidents. Our findings reaffirm the critical link between excessive ship noise and the heightened risk of fatigue among seafarers, which significantly contributes to the increased likelihood of maritime accidents. This research delineates the multifaceted nature of ship noise as a contributor to sleep disturbances, thereby exacerbating seafarer fatigue, which is a recognized precursor to human error in maritime operations. Quantitative Impact of Ship Noise: Our survey of 221 cadets provides empirical evidence that ship noise significantly disrupts sleep patterns, contributing to fatigue. Notably, over 79.6% of respondents reported that noise adversely affected their sleep and work performance. This study highlights inadequacies in existing regulations by the IMO and ISO concerning noise mitigation onboard ships, pointing to a critical gap between prescribed standards and the actual noise levels experienced by seafarers. This research substantiates the correlation between noise-induced fatigue and the risk of maritime accidents, emphasizing that human error, often stemming from fatigue, accounts for over 80% of maritime accidents. Enhanced Noise Regulation advocates for stringent noise regulation and enforcement by maritime regulatory bodies, including revising the IMO and ISO standards to reflect the actual noise conditions onboard ships. Innovative Noise Mitigation Strategies encourages the adoption of advanced noise reduction technologies and materials in ship design and construction to minimize ambient noise levels, especially in living quarters and workspaces. Crew Awareness and Training implements comprehensive training programs focusing on noise awareness and management strategies for seafarers to mitigate the impact of noise on their health and performance. Bridging the gap between academic findings and their practical application remains a significant challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts between researchers, shipbuilders, and regulatory bodies. The economic impact of retrofitting existing vessels with noise mitigation technologies and the potential increase in construction costs for new ships pose considerable challenges to widespread adoption. Ensuring global compliance with enhanced noise standards requires concerted international effort and robust enforcement mechanisms to ensure the well-being of seafarers. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the critical issue of ship noise and its implications for seafarer well-being and maritime safety. By addressing the identified gaps and implementing the recommended strategies, the maritime industry can make significant strides towards enhancing seafarer health, reducing human error, and ultimately, improving maritime safety. Conceptualization, [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON]-[PERSON]; methodology, [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON]-Y.J. ; formal analysis, [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON]-[PERSON]; data curation, [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON]-[PERSON]; writing--original draft preparation, [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON]-[PERSON]; writing--review and editing, Y.-C.L. and S.-J.K.; visualization T.-Y.J.