# Development of a Power and Communication Bus Using HIL and Computational Intelligence
## 4 Auto Addressing Method
### Auto-Addressing Configuration
During the final test, the authors recognized that internal ADC was precise enough, and was much cheaper. Therefore, the authors decided to use only the internal one. During the first tests, using an oscilloscope, the authors observed a response from a line. Depending on additional elements on the line, the authors were able to detect the signal from the line. The authors also showed that the internal ADC from ESP32 is not a good indicator of the signal. Figure 4: schematic of pulse generator. Figure 3: Auto-addressing signal. (**a**) Standard signal (**b**) Zoom to auto-addressing pulse (**c**) Zoom for preparationline to the first pulse (**d**) Zoom to pulse generation and sampling the answer on the line. the response signal is characterized by different parameters, such as amplitude or length of the wave form. Due to the usage of active peak detector, it is essential when the analogue value will be taken. Variable \(p_{s_{2}}\) defined the delay between generating pulse and first ADC sample, Variable \(p_{s_{3}}\) defined the delay between four measures. To generate disturbance on the line, a coil, or capacitor, was connected to the line. The schematic on Figure 5 shows the idea of connection. For switches, the authors chose transistors with high peak current and fast opening time. To provide many configuration options, components as shown in Table 1 were chosen. Later in the article, these components will be named LC terminators. Four auto-addressing strategies have been developed. Algorithms chose a strategy using parameter \(p_{s_{4}}\) [see Table 2]. In the case of 15 nodes (1 master + 14 clients), measurements have to be repeated 15 times (R0-R14 in Figure 3a). Strategies define which clients have to connect the LC terminator parallel with the signal line. Table 3 shows the first strategy. In all variants, LC terminators are always used by the master board. Parameters \(p_{h_{2}}\) and \(p_{h_{3}}\) can be set to not use the LC terminator--it allows us to reduce the quantity of strategy from eight variants to four variants giving the same effect. Strategy 2 is similar to the first one, but all LC terminators are, as a default, disconnected from the line, and with every next repeat (R0-R14) the proper client connected his LC terminator. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & **Inductor** & **Capacitor** \\ \hline
1 & 330 nH & 330 pF \\ \hline
2 & 1 nH & 1 nF \\ \hline
3 & 3.3 nH & 3.3 nF \\ \hline
4 & 10 nH & 10 nF \\ \hline
5 & 33 nH & 33 nF \\ \hline
6 & 100 nH & 100 nF \\ \hline
7 & 330 nH & 330 nF \\ \hline
8 & 1 mH & 1 nF \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The components of the LC terminator. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Indicator** & **Range** & **Description** \\ \hline \(p_{s_{1}}\) & 1–150 [\(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro s}\)] & (Signal A22)—Pulse generator charging time. See Figure 3 \\ \hline \(p_{h_{1}}\) & 1–9 & Selection capacitor on Master (see Table 1). \\ \hline \(p_{h_{2}}\) & 1–9 & Selection coil on Master. See Table 1 \\ \hline \(p_{h_{3}}\) & 1–9 & Selection capacitor on Client. See Table 1 \\ \hline \(p_{h_{4}}\) & 1–9 & Selection coil on Client. See Table 1 \\ \hline \(p_{s_{2}}\) & 1–999 [\(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro s}\)] & (Signal A31)—delay before first ADC measure. See Figure 3 \\ \hline \(p_{s_{3}}\) & 1–40 [\(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro s}\)] & (Signal A32)—delay between ADC measure. See Figure 3 \\ \hline \(p_{s_{4}}\) & 1–4 & Strategy of using coils and capacitors—see Tables 3 and 4 \\ \hline \(p_{s_{5}}\) & 0–7 & Method of data analysing \\  & & 0–median:1—mean; 2—max; 3—min; 4—mode; 5—summar;3—size; 6—value of C0—See Figure 3b; 7—max-min ; \\ \hline \(p_{s_{6}}\) & 0–3 & Source of data for analysing \\  & & 0—50—See Figure 3d—ADC \\  & & 1—S1—See Figure 3d—ADC \\  & & 2—S2—See Figure 3d—ADC \\  & & 3—S3—See Figure 3d—ADC \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: A list of decision variables with descriptions.