## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Characterization of the BSE:\(\beta\)-CD Inclusion Complexes  
Cyclodext (CDs) are water-soluble cyclic oligomers derived from starch used to improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of drugs [49; 50; 51; 52]. In addition, some studies have reported that the formation of the inclusion complex can prolong and increase the duration and intensity of medications [49; 50; 51; 52; 53]. Cyclodext can be found in more than 35 commercially available drugs, including pills, parenteral solutions, eye drops, ointments, and suppositories [54; 55; 56; 57]. The formation of the inclusion complex is facilitated by the removal of water molecules from the inside of the DC cavity, partially hydrophobic, and their replacement by nonpolar molecules spontaneously, being, therefore, an energetically viable process [49]. This process is facilitated by the action of several forces of interactions, such as the formation of hydrogen bonds, van der Waals interactions, the very change in the surface tension of the medium,  
Figure 2: General scheme of ethanol and ischemia/reperfusion-induced gastric ulcers in rodents. Legend: CARB = carbenoxolone; NAC = N-acetylcysteine. and the reduction of the tension of the cyclodextrin ring, which, combined, strongly influence the formation of the inclusion complex [53; 55; 56; 57]. Figure 3 corresponds to the concentration of BSEE versus the concentration of cyclodextrin. In order to calculate the stability constant (Kc) and the stoichiometry of the complex formation from the intrinsic solubility of the substrate (So) and the slope of the straight line resulting from the solubility diagram, the complexation study allows for the analysis of the solubility results of the guest molecule in solutions with increasing concentrations of CDs [55; 56; 58; 59; 60]. The average molar mass of the BSEE, necessary for the realization of the diagram, was obtained through the analysis of the chemical constituents of the hexanic extract and their respective contents, obtained through the total ion chromatogram of the fraction of this extract, as shown in Table 1. The diagram obtained from \(\beta\)-CD is of the increasing linear type because its solubility increases in direct proportion to the concentration of the complex agent. From the diagram, the angular coefficient was obtained, with a result of less than 1 (0.01031), indicating the stoichiometry of the 1:1 complex [61; 62; 63]. From the straight-line equation obtained from the \(\beta\)-CD solubility diagram, the stability constant (Kc) was calculated based on the equations created by adapting [PERSON] and [PERSON] (1965), which assesses the mechanism by which the solution containing cyclodextrin (CD) and drug (F), forms the complex (CD.F), and complexation efficiency (Ec) [62; 63; 64; 65], described below (Equations (2)-(4)):  
\[\mathrm{K_{Cl:1}}=\frac{\mathrm{Angular\ coefficient}}{\mathrm{S0\ (1-\ Angular\ coefficient)}} \tag{2}\]  
\[\mathrm{Ec\ =\frac{\mathrm{Angular\ coefficient}}{\mathrm{(1-\ Angular\ coefficient)}}} \tag{3}\]  
\[\mathrm{CD\ +\ F\stackrel{{\mathrm{Kc}}}{{\Leftrightarrow}} \mathrm{CD.F}} \tag{4}\]  
The higher the (Kc) value obtained, the easier it is to form an inclusion complex. In the inclusion complex formed between the hexanic extract of bacuri seeds and the \(\beta\)-CD molecule, a constant value (Kc) of 416 mol/L was obtained. In pharmaceutical terms, it is desirable to use formation complexes whose constant is between 100 and 1000 M\({}^{-1}\)  
Figure 3: Solubility diagram of the BSEE:\(\beta\)-CD inclusion complexes. Drugs having a lower formation constant form unstable complexes, while those with high formation constants are too stable to release the drug into the body [66]. Therefore, Figure 1 shows that EHSB complexation is feasible and can improve the solubility of the system in view of the characteristics of cyclodextrin. For the aspect ratio 1:9, 2:8, and 3:7 of EHSB:\(\beta\)-CD (\(w/w\)), complexation yields were, respectively, 5.51%, 21.46%, and 20.11%.