# A 5G NR FR2 Beamforming System with Integrated Transceiver Module
## 3 Fabrication and Measurement
### Measurement of 28 GHz RF Transceiver Module
The LO of the receiver applied a 0 dBm signal at a frequency of 6.8 GHz, and a quadrupler was built inside the receiver, so the LO frequency of the actual frequency converted was applied at 27.2 GHz. At this time, the IF signal output at a frequency of 802 MHz was as shown in Figure 17.  
Figure 14. RF transceiver up-converter output signal measurement at 28 GHz. Figure 13. Measurement setup of 28 GHz frequency up-converter. Measurement of 28 GHz Integrated RF Beamforming System and Transceiver Module Real-Time Video Transmission Experiment  
The manufactured 28 GHz RF beamforming system and transceiver module were combined using a K-type connector. The integrated 28 GHz RF beamforming system and RF transceiver module antenna-side view is shown in Figure 18a, and the back  
Figure 16: Measurement setup of 28 GHz frequency down-converter. Figure 12:0 RF transceiver down-converter output signal measurement at 802 MHz. Figure 12:1 RF transceiver up-converter phase noise at 28 GHz. side view is shown in Figure 17(b). The integrated module can operate with 8 Tx-8 Rx mode simultaneously. In particular, the 28 GHz RF beamforming system and transceiver module offer simultaneous data transmission and reception. To verify the communication performance of the manufactured transmission and reception system, a wireless video transmission and reception experiment was performed at a millimeter-wave frequency of 28 GHz. Figure 19 shows the 28 GHz real-time video transmission and reception test setup of the developed video transmission system. The IF transmitter can transmit and receive videos in TS (Transport Streaming) format through a PC, with the capability to transmit signals up to 900 MHz. The receiver can scan a signal up to 900 MHz and display the video. The high-definition video files at 28 GHz are transmitted smoothly in real time without interruption. In the wireless video transmission experiment at 28 GHz, the IF transmitter used a frequency of 802 MHz, which was up-converted to high-frequency signals using the integrated transceiver module proposed in this paper. An IF signal with a frequency of 802 MHz was sourced from a DVB-T system, employing 64 QAM modulation. The LO frequency was set to 6.8 GHz, and video transmission was performed at an RF frequency of 28 GHz using a beamforming antenna. Similarly, the receiver used a beamforming antenna to receive the 28 GHz RF signal, and like the transmitter, utilized the transceiver module to down-convert the received signals to 802 MHz. A DVB-T2 receiver was utilized to receive  
Figure 12:2 Real-time video transmission experimental setup at 28 GHz. Figure 12:3 Integrated 28 GHz RF beamforming system and RF transceiver module: (**a**) front view and (**b**) back view. the signal from the transceiver module and displayed the received video in the device. The experimental setup for real-time wireless video transmission at a distance of 15 m is shown in Figure 20a. To assess the effectiveness of the phased-array system, a video transmission test was conducted, maintaining a stationary transmitting location while moving the receiver in different directions. Remarkably, the video was successfully transmitted without interruption within a range of \(\pm 50^{\circ}\). The phase and gain of each of the eight channels were fine-tuned via SPI. The transmitted OFDM measurement spectrum is illustrated in Figure 21, while the received OFDM measurement spectrum is presented in Figure 12:4 The system displayed image rejection of nearly 30 dB, confirming the effectiveness of the phased-array beamforming system. Figure 12:5 (**a**) The 28 GHz real-time video transmission outdoor experimental setup: (**b**) transmitter and (**c**) receiver.