## 3 Results
### Analysis of the LTA Structure  
LTA is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria, and the structure of LTA differs by species. The most common LTA structure consists of a glycolipid anchor fixed to the membrane glycolipid, about 50 repeated polyglycerol phosphate chains, and a sugar moiety connecting them [13]. Glyceride (glycerol + fatty acid) from the lipoteichoic acid-like structure is obtained from free fatty acid through alkaline hydrolysis. In addition, the hydroxyl group bonded to the carboxyl group of the fatty acid is methylated to form a \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TLR2**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TLR4**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**CD14**} \\ \cline{2-9}
**Analyytes** & **Ka** & **KD (S\({}^{-1}\))** & **KD (M\({}^{-1}\)S\({}^{-1}\))** & **Kd (S\({}^{-1}\))** & **KD (M\({}^{-1}\)S\({}^{-1}\))** & **Kd (S\({}^{-1}\))** & **KD (M\({}^{-1}\)S\({}^{-1}\))** & **KD (M\({}^{-1}\)S\({}^{-1}\))** & **KD (M\({}^{-1}\)M)** \\ \hline LPS & \(4.58\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.65\times 10^{-4}\) & \(7.97\) & \(6.93\times 10^{4}\) & \(2.08\times 10^{-4}\) & \(30.1\) & \(3.71\times 10^{4}\) & \(2.36\times 10^{-4}\) & \(6.36\) \\ K8 & \(9.50\times 10^{3}\) & \(5.90\times 10^{-4}\) & \(62.1\) & \(8.98\times 10^{3}\) & \(6.20\times 10^{-4}\) & \(69.0\) & \(1.09\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.37\times 10^{-4}\) & \(30.8\) \\ K8 & \(1.20\times 10^{4}\) & \(5.80\times 10^{-4}\) & \(48.3\) & \(1.15\times 10^{4}\) & \(5.90\times 10^{-4}\) & \(51.3\) & \(1.30\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.27\times 10^{-4}\) & \(25.2\) \\ K5-5 & \(2.00\times 10^{4}\) & \(5.02\times 10^{-4}\) & \(25.1\) & \(1.61\times 10^{4}\) & \(6.00\times 10^{-4}\) & \(37.2\) & \(1.83\times 10^{4}\) & \(2.76\times 10^{-4}\) & \(15.09\) \\ K55-5 & \(3.16\times 10^{4}\) & \(5.84\times 10^{-4}\) & \(18.5\) & \(2.14\times 10^{4}\) & \(6.51\times 10^{-4}\) & \(30.5\) & \(1.68\times 10^{4}\) & \(2.04\times 10^{-4}\) & \(12.14\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Analysis of interaction affinity between LTAs isolated from four strains of \(L\)_plantarum_ and receptors. Figure 2: Different immune activities according to strain. (**A**) TNF-\(\alpha\) expression level by four strains of \(L\)_plantarum_ live cells. (**B**) TNF-\(\alpha\) expression level by LTAs isolated from four strains of \(L\)_plantarum_. (**C**) The activation of NF-kB-p65, p38, and JNK signals was examined by Western Blot. (**D**) Density analysis of Western blots was performed with ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Statistical analysis of the experimental data was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by [PERSON]’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test (**A**,**B**) and two-way ANOVA (**D**). * \(p\) \(<\) 0.05; **_p_ \(<\) 0.01; and ***_p_ \(<\) 0.001 as compared to none. n.s. means not significant. volatile compound that can be easily analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total ion chromatogram (TIC) analysis of GC for the four LTAs, the same peaks were detected at RT 14.01 and 16.75 min (Figure 3A). Further, for the three LTAs, K88, K88, and K55-5, the same peak was detected at RT 15.2 min, while a peak at 15.86 min was produced for K8 and K88 LTAs, but not for K55-5. These results show that the compounds have a similar structure. The structure was confirmed using the m/z value and the DB library based on the mass spectrum, which confirmed the structure shown in Figure 3B. The proportion of each fatty acid present in the structure was determined according to peak area. Additionally, structural analysis of the four types of LTAs was performed using liquid chromatography (LC)-MS. Peak patterns grouped by strains of K8, K88, K5-5, and K55-5 were confirmed. Based on this, the structure of each fatty acid was analyzed and the difference in structural material predicted by the fatty acid structure was confirmed. LC-MS structural analysis showed a difference in the content of LTA types.