## Abbreviations  
The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript:  
\begin{tabular}{l l}
2-D SST & 2-Dimentional SST \\ ARIMA & Autoregressive integrated moving average \\ BBH & Bright band height \\ BPNN & Backpropagation neural network \\ CCDF & Complementary cumulative distribution function \\ CCIR & Comite Consultatif International \\  & des Radiocommunications \\ CDF & Cumulative distribution function \\ DBSG3 & Study group 3 databanks \\ DSD & Drop size distribution \\ ECMWF & European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts \\ EMPI & Empirical \\ ERA-15 & ECMWF Re-Analysis-15 \\ ESST & Enhanced synthetic storm technique \\ EXCELL & EXponential CELL \\ FADE & Fade slope \\ FFT & Fast Fourier transform \\ FSL & Free space path loss \\ GA & Genetic algorithm \\ GE23 & General Electric 23 \\ GEO & Geostationary \\ GRV & Gaussian random variable \\ GSST & Global synthetic storm technique \\ HYCELL & Hybrid CELL \\ IDW & Inverse distance weighting \\ INTELSAT & International Telecommunications Satellite Organization \\ IoT & Internet of Things \\ ITU-R & International Telecommunication \\  & Union-Radiocommunication sector \\ LB & Learning-based \\ LEO & Low-Earth orbit \\ LPF & Low-pass filter \\ MAF & Moving average filter \\ MARIMA & Modified genetic algorithm-ARIMA \\ MEO & Medium-Earth orbit \\ M-K & Maseng-Bakken \\ MultiEXCELL & Multi-EXCELL \\ NM & Not mentioned \\ PDF & Probability density function \\ PEARP & Prevision d'Ensemble ARPEGE \\ PHY & Physical \\ PLF & Path length factor \\ PM & Physical-mathematical \\ POR & Pacific Ocean Region \\ PRF & Path reduction factor \\ RF & Reduction factor \\ RHCP & Right-hand circular polarization \\ RMS & Root mean square \\ RMSE & Root mean square error \\ RN & Random number \\ RSL & Received signal level \\ RV & Random variable \\ SAM & Simple rain attenuation model \\ \end{tabular}  
SCEXCELL  
Stratiform convective exponential CELL model  
SNR  
Signal-to-noise ratio  
SST  
Synthetic storm technique  
STAT  
Statistical  
STD  
Standard deviation  
TC  
Two component  
TS  
Time series  
UAV  
Unmanned aerial vehicle  
VDK  
Van de Kamp  
WINDS  
Demonstration Satellite  
**Meanings of Used Symbols**  
A shift along horizontal axis due to the presence of layer B  
(Figure 2)  
Rainfall rate conversion factor  
Decay profile along horizontal axis [Equation (16)]  
Specific attenuation  
Log-normal distribution  
Free-space wavelength (m) ()  
Rain cell radius  
Elevation angle in degrees of the earth station  
Latitude of the earth station (degrees)  
Slant path  
Vertical adjustment factor (Algorithm 7)  
Horizontal length of rain cell  
Coefficient defined in \"characteristic length\"  
(Algorithm 6)  
Breakpoint attenuation [Equation (23)]  
Rain attenuation [Equation (13)]  
Slant path attenuation  
Slant length of rain cell  
Bandwidth (Hz)  
Rainfall rate conversion factor  
Rain cell diameter [Equation (36)]  
Recieve antenna gain  
Transmit antenna gain  
Top of melting level  
Rain height  
Height above mean sea level of the earth station (km)  
isotherm height  
Central moments of inertia  
Boltzmann constant ()  
Characteristic length  
Average long term slant path in the precipitation  
Effective path length  
Horizontal projection length in the precipitation  
System loss at the receiver and transmitter  
Projected path-length (Table 4)  
Link distance (m)  
Losses due to the presence of atmospheric gases, clouds, and fogs  
Effective number of rain cells (Table 4)  
Number of tips [Equation (10)]  
Probability of the mean rainfall rate is exceeded for -min  
Transmitter power expressed in dBm