## 1 Introduction  
Cell phone deployment is a phenomenon that has eliminated all gender and age limits, globally. Technological developments provide comfort; however, they also bring some unfriendly impacts [1]. People of every gender and age use mobile phones, but there are always differences in usage between older and younger generations [2]. Smartphones offer people ways to become involved in social communications and industry. The smartphone allows individuals to share information and knowledge, flexibly and rapidly. Currently, a significant part of the world uses smartphones because they have outpaced the Internet, personal computers (PCs), and the social networking boom. The older a person becomes, the more challenging it is to accept and adopt technology. The concern is that older people are often not adopting innovative mobile technologies, or do not know how to use them. Smartphone technology is so successful that its usage multiplies by tens of thousands daily [3]. The level of comfort individuals that have in interacting with advanced devices, accomplishing ideal execution concerning effectiveness, with their adequacy, and users' satisfaction, is considered usability [4]. Smartphones need to provide extreme usability to lessen the generation gap. Usability enables smartphones to replace many existing technologies such as calculators, digital cameras, and personal computers. It has not been confirmed that older individuals discard innovation more than individuals of different ages; older people, just as any other persons, accept and embrace innovation when it meets their requirements and desires [5]. The elderly can be relied upon to avail alternate ways to deal with the creation of smartphone technologies than younger individuals, due to their maturity. The world is aging rapidly; however, for the older populace, the ratio of smartphone adoption is relatively low. Older individuals seem to have been an ignored group in the process of smartphone design. The low adoption of smartphones by older users in every developing country may be a result of the learning troubles they experience, where older people are the leading growing age group that supports the acceptance, adoption, and usage of smartphones, which are generally used to perform fundamental functions. Individuals' particular characteristics influence their potential, and bring impediments to smartphone use, as well as endorsement and adoption. Prior studies suggested that older individuals seem to have been an ignored group in smartphone design in many countries [6]. Thus, there is a dire need to design technology for older persons that meet their requirements in different domains [7]. For instance, older users' low adoption of smartphones may be because of the learning troubles they experience. It is essential to consider individual attributes, and how these qualities impact technology adoption, in order to limit the digital divide between younger and older people. However, there is a lack of empirical studies addressing the issue of smartphone adoption among the elderly. This research aimed to fill the gap in the previous research by investigating and recognizing the factors that limit smartphone technology adoption by older people. The motivation of this research was to recognize the reasons that impact the acceptance, use, and adoption of smartphones by older people. This research determined to discover and recognize elements that affect smartphone adoption among older people; furthermore, it will add to an understanding of older people's motivations for adopting smartphones. Specifically, the research aimed to examine construct measures: social influences, perceived usefulness, compatibility, perceived ease of use, fear of failure (atychiphobia), perceived enjoyment, technology awareness, attitude towards service, and comfortability on smartphone acceptance among older people, using the technology acceptance model [8]. This research is necessary to industry, academia, and smartphone users.