###### Abstract  
Recently, many studies have been conducted on the stratum deformation induced by earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling in soft soil and sand. Movement laws vary largely among different strata. However, at present, relevant research mainly focuses on soft soil and sand, whereas little attention has been paid to the movement law of round gravel stratum with higher instability. In this study, a field monitoring test was carried out on the EPB shield machine when it passes through the round gravel stratum. Based on the analysis of monitoring results under different chamber earth pressures, thrust force, the torque of the cutter, grouting pressure, and grouting volume, the relationships between shield tunneling parameters and their influence on the disturbance of the surrounding soil mass were investigated. It was found that the surface deformation shape of the monitoring section of the south and north lines conforms to the Gaussian curve. The vertical deformation of the stratum at the tunnel axis is the largest. The maximum value is observed when the cutter head reaches the monitoring section. The horizontal deformation reaches a maximum value at the stage of the shield tail pass section. The strata deformation is not only related to the strata properties but also has a strong positive correlation with the shield tunneling parameters. The chamber earth pressure is the main factor affecting the stratum deformation before the arrival of the cutter head, and the grouting volume is the main factor affecting the strata deformation during the stage of the shield tail pass section. round gravel stratum; field monitoring; strata deformation; chamber earth pressure; grouting volume +
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sensitivity, high compressibility, and significantly reduced strength after disturbance [2]. The study on the impact of the London subway tunnel excavation on the surrounding environment became a typical engineering example in soft clay areas [3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8]. According to field monitoring results, the soil will move \"outward\" in the radial direction when the EPB shield machine passes through the monitoring section. The ground surface will have first and then settle, which is mainly controlled by the surface pressure and shield tail grouting pressure [7]. However, [PERSON] et al. [8] monitored the strata displacements caused by EPB tunneling with a large burial depth. The results showed that the soil had an inward displacement, which is opposite to the \"outward\" displacement [7]. This result shows that the burial depth is also a key factor affecting the displacement of the strata. Similar phenomena were also observed in the Jubilee Line Extension (JLE) project. Many scholars have carried out research in the coastal area of eastern China as a typical shield tunnel project in a soft soil area. [PERSON] et al. [9] conducted field monitoring of Shanghai Metro Line 2 and found that the earth pressure ratio (EPR) is the key factor affecting the surface heave and settlement at two diameters in front of the cutter head. [PERSON] et al. [10] conducted a model test using Shanghai Tunnel M8 as a prototype to study the surface deformation of EPB shield tunneling. The research results show that the surface heave and settlement in front of the cutter head are related to the dumping rate, which has a high positive correlation with the ratio of the tunneling speed and the speed of the screw. [PERSON] et al. [11] found that the surface settlement curve meets the Peck settlement curve when the large-diameter EPB crosses the soft soil area of Shanghai. Grouting pressure is also a major factor affecting surface deformation. [PERSON] et al. [12] monitored and analyzed the horizontal displacement of soil caused by EPB in clay. The horizontal displacement of soil is affected not only by the shield tunneling parameters but also by the soil properties of the crossing strata.