# Ranking Authors in an Academic Network Using Social Network Measures
## 4 Results and Discussion
### Comparing Social Network Measures with Academics Indexes  
The results of centrality and prestige measures were validated against the academic measures. For validation, Spearman, Kendall and OSim rank order correlations between prestige measures (PageRank and Eigenvector) and the h-index were used. We also found the correlation of degree centrality, betweenness and closeness with citation count using same correlation techniques. The results of all three performance evaluation measures are described in Tables 7-9. According to the results, two prestige measures had a significant high correlation with the h-index for a \(p\)-value of 0.01, where the correlation coefficient of the Eigenvector was higher than PageRank. The high correlation of the h-index with prestige suggests that prestige measures have the potential to rank authors. In addition, according to the results of OSim based on the top 250 authors, the h-index and Eigenvector had the highest similarity with a value of 67%, whereas PageRank and Eigenvector had a similarity of 59%. Finally, the h-index and PageRank had the lowest similarity with a value of 52%. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Author**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**H-Index**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Prestige Measures**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **Counts** & **Ranking** & **PageRank** & **Eigenvector** \\ \hline [PERSON] & 19 & 10 & 127 & 93 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 98 & 18 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 17 & 1 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 87 & 24 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 41 & 5 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 9 & 37 \\ [PERSON] & 18 & 14 & 145 & 22 \\ [PERSON] & 17 & 20 & 142 & 23 \\ [PERSON] & 17 & 20 & 196 & 56 \\ [PERSON] & 17 & 20 & 209 & 153 \\ [PERSON] & 16 & 23 & 71 & 260 \\ [PERSON] & 16 & 23 & 221 & 48 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 323 & 916 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 258 & 194 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 150 & 200 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 198 & 112 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 195 & 138 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 268 & 378 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 20 & 38 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 60 & 16 \\ [PERSON] & 15 & 25 & 86 & 29 \\ [PERSON] & 14 & 34 & 12 & 12 \\ [PERSON] & 14 & 34 & 200 & 125 \\ [PERSON] & 14 & 34 & 110 & 50 \\ [PERSON] & 14 & 34 & 217 & 573 \\ [PERSON] & 14 & 34 & 27 & 26 \\ [PERSON] & 13 & 39 & 350 & 989 \\ [PERSON] & 13 & 39 & 382 & 611 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Technique** & **H-Index** & **PageRank** & **Eigenvector** \\ \hline H-index & 1 & 0.84 ** & 0.79 ** \\ PageRank & - & 1 & 0.83 ** \\ Eigenvector & - & - & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Correlation is significant at the level of 0.01.  
\end{table} 
Table 7: Spearman correlation between PageRank, Eigenvector and the h-index. that the degree centrality, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality measures are significantly correlated with citation counts. Among these three measures, degree centrality has a high correlation with the citation count. It confirms that that the degree centrality has potential to be used for author ranking. However, in some cases, a few authors have a higher citation count, but they have low rank in the centrality measures. This shows that citation count measures the quality and influence of articles, whereas social network measures the quality of articles and the impact of the author's discipline, because citations and centralities measure different contents. Moreover, the results show that in the case of prestige measures, high correlation exists between Eigenvector and the h-index; whereas in the case of centrality measures, high correlation exists between degree centrality and citation count. According to the results, the degree centrality measures a scholar's co-authorship capacity; closeness centrality measures a scholar's position in a co-author network and the closest distance with other co-authors in the field; and betweenness centrality measures an author's importance for other authors in their virtual communication.