## 3 Results and Discussion
### Myofibrillar Proteins
#### 3.1.2 Surface Hydrophobicity  
Surface hydrophobicity can be used as indicator that reflects conformational alteration in MP structures. The structural properties of the MPs that would be changed adversely include the alteration in the surface hydrophobicity and SH groups under frozen conditions. In the initial stage of storage, there was no significant (\(p>0.05\)) difference in the surface hydrophobicity of the samples in each group, as shown in Figure 1. However, from day 15 onwards, the surface hydrophobicity increased significantly (\(p<0.05\)), particularly in the samples with lower OVA/\(\beta\)CD concentrations. The samples with 0% and 2% OVA/\(\beta\)CD treatments showed an obvious rise in surface hydrophobicity during the frozen storage. At the same time, the 6% treatment exhibited stronger stability in structure. The changes to surface hydrophobicity were due to the stretching and unfolding of unstable protein molecules during frozen storage, facilitating the exposure of the hydrophobic amino acid residues that are previously buried in the internal region, and thereby triggering \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Total Sulphhydryl Content (mmol/mg)**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Free Sulphhydryl Content (mmol/mg)**} \\ \cline{2-9}
**Days** & **0\%** & **2\%** & **4\%** & **6\%** & **0\%** & **2\%** & **4\%** & **6\%** \\ \cline{2-9}  & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** & **OVA/\(\beta\)CD** \\ \hline
0 & 59.75 \(\pm\) 0.67\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 59.85 \(\pm\) 1.17\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 59.96 \(\pm\) 1.53\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 60.28 \(\pm\) 0.93\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 44.54 \(\pm\) 0.81\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 44.75 \(\pm\) 0.75\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 44.97 \(\pm\) 0.57\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 44.86 \(\pm\) 0.49\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) \\
15 & 52.20 \(\pm\) 0.99\({}^{\text{\tiny{IC}}}\) & 55.00 \(\pm\) 0.86\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{MB}}}}\) & 57.26 \(\pm\) 0.65\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 58.34 \(\pm\) 0.93\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 38.39 \(\pm\) 1.04\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{MB}}}}\) & 40.66 \(\pm\) 0.93\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 41.90 \(\pm\) 0.86\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{MB}}}}\) & 41.84 \(\pm\) 0.67 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{BA}}}}\) \\
30 & 40.44 \(\pm\) 1.35\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{IC}}}}\) & 43.59 \(\pm\) 1.12\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 46.01 \(\pm\) 0.68\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 47.27 \(\pm\) 0.78\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{BA}}}}\) & 34.15 \(\pm\) 0.82\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) & 35.14 \(\pm\) 1.09\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) & 37.12 \(\pm\) 0.87 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AB}}}}\) & 38.46 \(\pm\) 1.22 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) \\
60 & 33.25 \(\pm\) 1.84\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 35.86 \(\pm\) 1.51 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AB}}}}\) & 38.91 \(\pm\) 0.62\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 40.98 \(\pm\) 1.55\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 31.18 \(\pm\) 1.02\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AI}}}}\) & 38.99 \(\pm\) 1.24\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) & 34.60 \(\pm\) 0.68\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 35.77 \(\pm\) 1.36 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) \\
90 & 31.72 \(\pm\) 1.8\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) & 33.79 \(\pm\) 1.63\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AC}}}}\) & 36.04 \(\pm\) 1.8\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AB}}}}\) & 37.57 \(\pm\) 0.95\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AA}}}}\) & 29.30 \(\pm\) 1.02\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AI}}}}\) & 30.38 \(\pm\) 0.95\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AB}}}}\) & 33.04 \(\pm\) 1.32\({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AI}}}}\) & 33.388 \(\pm\) 1.27 \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{AI}}}}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* \({}^{\text{\text{\tiny{a}}}}\)– means significant differences (\(p<0.05\)) within the similar treatments with different storage times. \({}^{\text{\tiny{A}}}\)– means significant differences (\(p<0.05\)) within the same storage period of different concentrations.  
\end{table}