## 3 Results and Discussion  
The modeling methods that are used widely today are difficult for ordinary people to understand. Therefore, this research tried to design a method that ordinary people can easily understand. The method used here for tsunami modeling involves the application of photogrammetry techniques from drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). The resulting 3D orthomosaic pictures are further processed to simulate tsunami waves using 3D modeling software (3 ds max). The simulation involves the implementation of distribution area formulations. The results of mathematical calculations used to measure tsunami characteristics, such as wave distribution, height, and distance from the starting and ending points, are plotted into an orthomosaic 3D image resulting in visualization or animation that is similar to the actual tsunami event. Therefore, the visualization is easily understood by ordinary people. This research developed a formula to calculate the distribution area of tsunami waves and the distance of tsunami waves to the endpoint. The formulation was obtained through a comparison between the DEM of the first building closest to the shoreline, the maximum height of the building closest to the shoreline, the maximum height of the tsunami wave, and the degree of inclination of the tsunami wave after hitting land, a building, a tree, or stones. The formula can be used as a guide to conduct 3D modeling of tsunami waves, the height of the tsunami, the distribution of the tsunami waves, and the furthest distance (endpoint) from the tsunami waves. When a tsunami wave reaches the beach and collides with the ground, buildings, trees, or rocks, the slope of the tsunami wave decreases, about a \(10^{0}\) drop in altitude, allowing a straight line to be drawn and the tsunami's endpoint location to be determined. The 3D modeling of tsunami waves was conducted using 3 ds max software, while the 3D orthomosaic results from the sample area in the research location (Cilacap) were produced using Agisoft metashape professional software. For this orthomosaic process, photogrammetry data obtained from the UAV/Drone process were required from the sample research area (Cilacap). Although the 3D tsunami model developed in this research can be carried out for any area, a location must be selected to be used as a sample. In this research, Cilacap was chosen as the sample location for tsunami simulation, because it has a historical record of past tsunami events (paleotsunamis), and there is a prediction that an 8.7-9.2 magnitude megathrust earthquake will occur in southern Java with the potential to cause a tsunami up to 20 m in height'. Therefore, the 3D tsunami model generated in this research is expected to convey information about the coordinates of the tsunami wave distribution and the  
Figure 11: Measuring the distance spread of tsunami waves using Agisoft metashape professional software. furthest distance (endpoint) from the tsunami wave (refer to Table 5). The model can be used as a recommendation to determine safe locations for evacuation routes and locations to build a shelter or to determine which existing buildings can be used as alternative shelters when tsunamis happen. From the visualization of 3D tsunami modeling, the wave direction, how the water has infiltrated land and entered the river, the height of the wave, and the distribution area can be understood. Therefore, this tsunami model can also be used as a disaster education media to deliver accurate disaster information. Tsunami hazard modeling through three-dimensional animations is predicted to mitigate wider negative consequences from tsunami disasters. A visually appealing and realistic model could help to boost public acceptance of the tsunami preparedness education program. According to our research, three-dimensional modeling can more correctly depict the power of tsunami waves by integrating three-dimensional models of nearby buildings. Three-dimensional modeling at a high resolution allows for a more accurate description of complicated tsunami events.