## 5 Results: Application of the European Drone Regulation to Mosquito Release Operations
### Urban Scenario
However, it is possible to consider one of the STS published by EASA for this scenario, under which, as explained in Section 2, the regime is declarative by the operator and it is not necessary to have an operational authorization, which would greatly facilitate the operation in the regulatory aspect. The STS-01 scenario is the one that best fits the ConOps described, with the following characteristics: VLOS operation at a maximum height of 120 m, at a ground speed of less than 5 m/s, over controlled ground areas that can be in a populated environment, using drones with maximum weight up to 25 kg. Hence, the operator must declare that the conditions of its operation comply with the characteristics of STS-01. The difference from the previous formal application of SORA is that in STS-01 the ARC level considered is ARC-b, which finally results in a much lower final SAIL (SAIL II). In order to consider this ARC-b, the airspace in which operations are intended to be conducted must have a low probability of the drone encountering manned aircraft or other airspace users. Even in urban areas with controlled airspace, as it is the analyzed airspace, this could be achieved by means of limiting the altitude of the operation (for example, fly always below the highest surrounding buildings) or following coordination procedures with ATC of the nearby airport/aerodrome. However, other restrictions imposed by the STS-01 definition are required, such as the control of the ground area from uninvolved people. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & & **Residual ARC** & \\ \hline
**Final GRC** & **a** & **b** & **c** & **d** \\ \hline \(\leq\)2 & I & II & IV & VI \\
3 & II & II & IV & VI \\
4 & III & III & IV & VI \\
5 & IV & IV & IV & VI \\
6 & V & V & V & VI \\
7 & VI & VI & VI & VI \\ \(>\)7 & & & Category C operation & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The SAIL determination table adapted from [24] is used to obtain the SAIL assigned to a particular ConOps. For this STS-01 it has been proposed that drones operating under this scenario should carry a C5 class mark. The main requirements that apply to class C5 drones are as follows. * Be an aircraft other than a fixed-wing aircraft, with less than 25 kg of weight, which is the case considered in our analysis;
* Be equipped with a geo-awareness function;
* Provide to the remote pilot clear information about height of the drone above surface or take-off point;
* Limit the groundspeed to not more than 5 m/s;
* Limit the maximum height above take-off point or surface to 120 m;
* Provide means to the remote pilot to terminate the flight of the drone;
* Provide means to the remote pilot to monitor the quality of the command and control link, providing alerts in case of degradation or loss of communications. Thus, by complying with the conditions described for STS-01, which fit very well with the ConOps described above, the operator could use this scenario and work under a declarative regime, which greatly speeds up all the bureaucracy associated with the operation in all aspects.