## 1 Introduction  
The exploration and development practice of deep shale gas in the Southern Sichuan basin has revealed that some wells encountered low-resistance reservoirs during drilling in the Longmaxi Formation, such as Well JYT1, H201, H206, L211, N227, etc. After hydraulic fracturing, there is a great difference in shale gas production capacity for these wells. For example, Well L211 and H201 do not produce gas, while Well JYT1 produces a small amount of gas, about 10,000 m\({}^{3}\)/d. Well N227 has a good gas production effect, with a daily gas production of 190,000 m\({}^{3}\)/d. There are individual wells with low resistance and high gas content, indicating that the exploration potential of low-resistance shale reservoirs is not the same [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7]. Therefore, it is of great significance to reduce the risk of avoiding the missed selection of \"desserts\" to implement of the characteristics, genesis, and impact on gas bearing capacity of low-resistivity shale gas reservoirs in different areas. Previous studies have conducted extensive research on the genesis and evaluation of conventional low-resistivity oil and gas reservoirs [8; 9; 10]. However, there is relatively little systematic research on the low-resistance characteristics and genesis of shale reservoirs. Itis generally believed that shale reservoirs with resistivity logging values below 10 \(\Omega\cdot\)m are considered low-resistance reservoirs [7; 11], but the academic community has not yet formed a unified view on its causes [3; 6; 12; 13]. Some studies have shown that a high content of highly conductive minerals (pyrite) in rock fabrics or strong cation exchange ability of clay minerals can cause low-resistivity of shale [14; 15]. Organic matter graphitization is an important reason for the decrease in resistivity of shale reservoirs [7; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16]. Under the influence of tectonic action, high conductivity minerals or fluids can also produce low resistance when filled or injected into shale reservoirs through fractures [17; 18; 19]. Some scholars proposed that organic matter forms an interconnected network structure during organic-inorganic diagenesis, which enhances conductivity and leads to a decrease in shale reservoir resistance. After natural gas migration, there is a large amount of bound water stored in the small pores, which may also form low-resistance shale [7]. From this, it can be observed that rock composition, organic matter content and distribution, degree of thermal evolution, additional conductivity of clay, and water saturation may all contribute to low-resistivity shale reservoirs. This results in differences in mineral composition, degree of organic matter thermal evolution, pore structure, gas content, and other parameters between low-resistivity shale reservoirs and conventional shale reservoirs. Therefore, clarifying the genesis of low-resistance shale in different regions, the characteristics of low-resistance shale reservoirs, and their impact on gas capacity is beneficial for further guiding the exploration and development of low-resistance shale gas areas. This article takes the rich-organic black shale layer at the bottom of the Longmaxi Formation in the Luzhou area as the research object. Based on the relationship between single well productivity, resistivity, and low-resistance shale reservoir thickness, the identification criteria for low-resistance shale reservoirs are redefined. The TOC content analysis, whole rock X-ray diffraction testing, porosity testing, resistivity experiments, field emission scanning electron microscopy maps observation, nitrogen adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection, methane isothermal adsorption, and other experimental analyses were conducted to clarify the macro and micro characteristics of low-resistance shale reservoirs.