# Psychological Foundations for Effective Human-Computer Interaction in Education
## 6 Implementation of the Framework and Case Studies
### Commercial Platforms in Educational Contexts  
The methodology for enhancing learning experiences in commercial educational platforms relies on integrating different engagement strategies. However, unlike EU-funded platforms that systematically address cognitive, emotional, and interactional engagement, commercial platforms primarily integrate key psychological principles to improve learning effectiveness. Their approach to engagement, however, is often fragmented, comprising a primary focus on cognitive engagement, some incorporation of interactional engagement, and limited emphasis on emotional engagement. While gamification and adaptive learning methods help sustain motivation, emotional engagement remains less explicitly developed. Thus, they apply Cognitive Load Theory, Emotional Intelligence Theory, and Self-Determination Theory to varying extents. Some notable examples include [49; 50; 51]:  
* Khan Academy: A free online platform offering structured lessons and adaptive learning pathways to support personalized education.
* Google Classroom: A learning management system that facilitates communication, collaboration, and assignment management in digital classrooms.
* Duolingo: A gamified language-learning platform that employs spaced repetition, adaptive feedback, and motivational elements to enhance engagement and retention.  
Cognitive, Emotional, and Interactional Engagement in Commercial Platforms  
Categorizing commercial platforms based on their support for cognitive, emotional, and interactional engagement helps clarify their strengths and limitations. While some platforms, such as Google Classroom and Duolingo, incorporate cognitive and interactional engagement through structured learning environments and gamified collaboration, emotional engagement remains largely unaddressed. Others, like Khan Academy, primarily focus on cognitive engagement, with minimal opportunities for interaction or emotional support.
* Duolingo: Designed primarily for language learning, Duolingo integrates cognitive engagement through adaptive learning pathways and spaced repetition algorithms. Motivational features like streaks, rewards, and gamified challenges help sustain user engagement. However, while these features support motivation, they are not explicitly structured for the true emotional engagement seen in EU-funded platforms. Additionally, its interactional engagement is limited to leaderboard-based competition rather than meaningful peer collaboration.
* Google Classroom: Enhances cognitive engagement by organizing lessons and assignments systematically. It supports interactional engagement through discussion boards, collaborative documents, and peer feedback. While it does not explicitly target emotional engagement, it fosters a supportive learning environment through teacher-student interactions and structured collaboration.
* Khan Academy: Focuses heavily on cognitive engagement through mastery-based progression and structured scaffolding. Its self-paced learning approach reduces stress and frustration, indirectly supporting emotional engagement. However, its interactional engagement remains minimal, as it lacks extensive peer collaboration tools beyond teacher-assigned tasks.  
While effective in structured content delivery, many commercial learning tools do not incorporate the same depth of psychological modelling seen in EU-funded projects. They often lack adaptive emotional responses or interactive social mechanisms that actively shape learning experiences based on user behavior and engagement patterns.  
This distinction underscores the differences between commercial and EU-funded platforms. The latter are specifically designed to integrate all three engagement dimensions more comprehensively, creating a strong synergy between theoretical learning and practical, real-world applications [52].