## 5 Results of the WDM and OAM Channel Allocation Methods
### Algorithms for Allocation Methods Used in the WDM Operating Technology
* WDM operating technology is more suitable than OAM operating technology due to the fact that the WDM provides more transmission channels than the OAM and more utilized optical fibers can be spared. The OAM/WDM combination seems to be the most suitable solution because it provides more transmission channels, and the number of optical fibers utilized can be rapidly decreased. * The utilization of WDM and OAM channel allocation methods in a real network environment depends on numerous factors, for example, population density, network capital expenditures, and more. * In the case of sparsely populated areas, static allocation methods for WDM or OAM operating technologies are preferable due to savings of capital and operational expenditures. * In the case of densely populated areas, dynamic customized allocation methods based on SLA values utilized in the OAM/WDM combination bring savings of transmission channels in the utilized optical fiber, and in this way, savings of capital and operational expenditures can be achieved. * The correct selection of WDM and OAM channel allocation methods depends on the requested aims of network operators. The most related works are included in the State of the Art section, where each part is richly referenced to indicate that the applied research aim of this contribution is original and there are no known papers suitable for a near comparison in terms of the resource efficiencies in passive optical networks utilizing the hybrid OAM/WDM operating technologies. Therefore, other published works are taken into consideration, and a comparison of obtained results with other studies that appropriately refer to additional references is presented. In [24], authors present tests of DBA algorithms in the XG-PON where no OAM and WDM operating technologies are considered. In [25], a real-time demonstration of the WDM-PON with the intention of latency and jitter is presented, where only fixed 25 Gbps interfaces are expected without OAM channels. A tutorial of traditional TDM-PON progress is processed in [26], where only the dynamic bandwidth allocation is included. In current ITU-T standards [27], it is supposed that the NG-PON2 system may contain a set of WDM channels. However, no OAN transmission channels are expected. Moreover, the issues associated with the dynamic assignment of wavelength channels are left to the implementor's discretion. Simultaneously, a bandwidth allocation within the individual channel with a single upstream line rate is based on the dynamic indication of ONU activities and their configured traffic contracts. In [28], the bandwidth utilization and data transmission performance in the specific WDM-PON architecture are improved using AI (Artificial Intelligence) techniques. Another way for the wavelength allocation based on deep Q-learning is proposed in [29] for the WDM-PON. However, there is considered no OAM multiplexing together with real traffic loading in both cases. In [30], two different passive optical networks, WDM-PON and TDM-PON, are designed, optimized, and compared with each other for high-rate information communications. A comparative analysis of WDM-PON and TDM-PONs based on laboratory-based investigation in terms of their performance efficiency is also presented in [31]. Nevertheless, no wavelength and/or bandwidth allocation methods, together with the possibility of using the OAM channels in both works, are considered. ## 7 Conclusions

In this paper, we introduced a proposal for the novel OAM&WDM-PON architecture with a conventional point-to-multipoint topology and with the utilization of only passive optical splitters in remote nodes. For this proposed network architecture, novel static, dynamic, and dynamic customized allocation methods for effective utilization of network resources can be considered and oriented on minimizing the number of working WDM and OAM channels that will be used for compliance with customers' requests for data transmitting in the proposed OAM&WDM-PON architecture.