## 1 Introduction  
Visual comfort refers to the extent to which our eyes and brain feel at ease when we look at something. It is the perception of the light environment [1]. Visual comfort is important for indoor environments because it affects our ability to perform visual tasks and our overall well-being. Eye strain, headaches, and other types of discomfort brought on by poor illumination can have a detrimental effect on our mood and productivity [2]. Moreover, poor lighting can cause mishaps and injuries, particularly in work places or locations where tasks call for keen visual acuity [3]. A more pleasant and inviting ambience can be created using good lighting to improve the aesthetic appeal of indoor spaces. Furthermore, for those with visual impairments or other disorders that impact their vision, visual comfort is crucial. Indoor venues can be made more accessible and inclusive for these people using proper lighting and visual signals [4]. Overall, visual comfort is an important aspect of our visual experience, affecting our health, productivity, aesthetics, and safety. Visual comfort should be considered during the design phase of a building to ensure that appropriate lighting and visual conditions are incorporated into the interior [5]. There are a plethora of important factors to consider during this early phase of a building [6]. These factors include natural light, as the design should take advantage of natural light sources, such as windows and skylights, to provide a comfortable and healthy environment. Artificial light is another such factor, as the lighting design should provide appropriate levels of illumination for the activities performed in each area while avoiding glare or excessive contrast [7]. Moreover, the design should consider the use of color and texture to create a visually interesting and comfortable environment. The design should also incorporate lighting and visual cues that are accessible and inclusive for individuals with visual impairments or other disabilities. By considering all the above factors during the design phase, architects and designers are capable of creating indoor environments that are visually comfortable, functional, and welcoming for all occupants [7]. Using all the above information, designers may evaluate the visual comfort of indoor environments and make all the necessary adjustments to ensure that they meet the needs of the occupants. However, it is difficult to estimate visual comfort in an already-designed building [8]. While changes to the lighting design and visual environment may necessitate substantial alterations to the building structure or systems, estimating visual comfort in an already-constructed building can be difficult [9]. Estimating visual comfort involves evaluating the lighting conditions and visual environment to ensure that they meet the needs of the occupants. There are many methods for assessing visual comfort depending on different factors. Specifically, illuminance measures the amount of light that reaches a surface and is typically measured in lux or foot candles. Illuminance measurements can help ensure that the lighting levels are appropriate for the activities performed in each area [10]. Glare is a visual sensation caused by excessive brightness or contrast and can be assessed using tools such as the unified glare rating (UGR) [11]. By analyzing glare, designers can ensure that the lighting design does not cause discomfort or visual impairment. Color rendering measures the ability of a light source to accurately render colors, which can affect the visual quality of a space. Color rendering can be assessed using the color rendering index (CRI) [12]. Finally, there are subjective evaluations that involve soliciting feedback from occupants to determine their level of visual comfort. This can be carried out through surveys, interviews, or other feedback methods [12].