## 2 Related Works  
The work presented in this document focuses on the telecommunications landscape in Mexico, particularly the digital divide, broadband penetration, and the adoption of fiber-optic networks across different regions. We describe a summary of the most relevant  
Figure 2: Key barriers to telecommunications and information technology immersion, including lack of broadband access, high infrastructure costs, regulatory constraints, digital literacy gaps, and urban–rural disparities. works in Table 1. This analysis aligns with similar research efforts worldwide, where the correlation between economic development and telecommunications infrastructure is a pivotal focus. In [12], the authors emphasize the role of digital inclusion, identifying economic and educational determinants that influence broadband access, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, in [13], the authors investigate how Mexico's educational system faces challenges in bridging the digital divide, correlating regional disparities with gaps in technology adoption. These works underline the critical importance of internet access in enabling socio-economic development, a key theme explored in our study, which uses predictive models to guide public policies aimed at fostering equal access to ICT across Mexico. Studies by [PERSON] et al., in [5], and [PERSON], in [4], highlight the direct link between broadband penetration and economic growth, where regions with higher broadband access consistently demonstrate greater economic activity. These findings are corroborated by [PERSON] et al., in [9], who propose strategic models for improving broadband connectivity in developing regions, particularly in Latin America. These strategies include targeted investment in fiber-optic networks and service bundling, which is reflected in the correlations presented in this work. The thesis highlights the need for robust telecommunications infrastructure, which directly influences household service bundling and regional GDP, a relationship also explored in [14], in his seminal work on bridging the global digital divide. Table 2 compares the digital divide and telecommunications infrastructure across Mexico and other regions, emphasizing key aspects such as broadband access, socioeconomic impact, technological adoption, and public policy. The findings reveal that broadband access disparities, particularly between urban and rural areas, are prevalent in both Mexico and nations like China and Southeast Asia, where fiber optic development is prioritized to bridge digital gaps. The socioeconomic impact is also significant, as broadband penetration correlates with regional GDP in Mexico and other areas, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, where mobile networks drive economic development. In terms of technological adoption, both Mexico and South Korea show a shift from cable to fiber optics, with mobile broadband remaining crucial in rural locations, as seen in Nigeria. Lastly, targeted public policies and investments are essential; Mexico's emphasis on regional investment aligns with ASEAN and Middle Eastern strategies to enhance digital inclusion and economic growth through infrastructure development.