## 3 State of the Art  
The present section systematically delimits the scope of this research by providing an analysis of the state of the art. Therefore, drawing on the basic principles explained in the previous section, the delimitation is made object-, subject-, and process-related. Firstly, the considered objects of the developed approach are described. The main object-related categories are manufacturing and the innovation project. Therefore, only approaches aiming at improvements within the functional area of manufacturing are to be considered. Second, innovation projects can be differentiated regarding their content dimension. In manufacturing, innovations related to processes, organizations, manufacturing systems, and management are relevant [12]. Consequently, [PERSON] [26] proposes the Human-Technology-Organization Model (HTO), differentiating the content dimensions of innovation projects in human, technological, or organizational innovation. Regarding the process-related delimitation, the proposed model serves as a support for the early phases of the innovation process, whereby the initial phases of Problem Identification and Idea Generation are not considered. The approach aims to accompany the phase of Idea Conceptualization, including evaluation and decision-making. The subject-related delimitation describes the users of the approach. It is primarily directed to industrial and scientific committees and general experts in innovation management. The following section presents the state of research based on a comprehensive literature analysis to identify the relevant criteria for holistic innovation assessment and existing methodical approaches. Figure 1 provides an overview of the conducted Systematic Literature Review according to [PERSON] and [PERSON] [27]. A specific method structured in consequential steps was deployed to derive the most critical and relevant contributions. To reduce the number of results, sources that lay outside the scope were excluded by analyzing their titles, abstracts, and tables of contents. The remaining sources were listed and passed on to the final full-text analysis. In addition, a Backward and Forward Snowballing search, according to [PERSON] and [PERSON] [28], was applied to find further relevant contributions. More than 1600 journal and conference papers, dissertations, and books were identified using the databases OPAC, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and SciVal. The search terms (keywords) displayed in the following table (Table 1) and their German translations were used, as numerous relevant authors in the research field have published their works and doctoral theses in German. The keywords were linked with logical operators of Boolean algebra for conjunction (and) and disjunction (or) to refine the results. To identify the most recent publications but also to understand the evolution of models for assessing innovation in manufacturing over time, publications from 1970-2022 were analyzed. Further, the results were filtered using the criteria shown in Table 1.  
As a result, 121 relevant contributions, including 27 methodical innovation assessment approaches, were identified and analyzed systematically. The review results are presented in Table 2. Within the analysis, various criteria were used to classify the approaches. First, it was examined whether the approach was focused on the manufacturing area. Second, the approaches were temporally assigned to the innovation process to examine their applicability within the early phase of the process. Third, the approach was focused on the innovation objects considered. Here, a differentiation following the HTO-Model proposed by [PERSON] [26] was applied to identify if the approach focused on human, technological, or organizational innovation. Further, the criteria used to assess the innovation projects were analyzed. There, potentials, efforts, and risks were differentiated according to the identified approaches. Fifth, the MADM assessment methods used by the state-of-the-art contributions were examined.