# OpenCare5G: O-RAN in Private Network for Digital Health Applications
## 1 Introduction  
Digital Health uses information and communication technology (ICT) resources to produce, provide and make available reliable information about the health conditions of patients. It is a strategic inclusion mechanism, making specialized health assistance available to remote places in Brazil [1]. Digital Health incorporates recent advances in health innovation technology by implementing hardware (HW), software (SW), IoT devices, big data and artificial intelligence (AI) [2] to concentrate high volumes of information indatabases, applications, and networks. It enables more accurate follow-up and brings greater security to patients, especially when performing tests remotely in near-real time to obtain the fastest diagnoses. Private networks are also a good tool for ensuring that communication can be safe and provide the desired network quality for health professionals and public managers in the healthcare system [3]. Doctors from InovaHC, Center for Technological Innovation at the Hospital of Clinics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), started an evolutionary 5G technological project to improve the provision of basic services to populations living in remote areas of Brazil. The initiative, called \"Aysu\" in the Tupi-Guarani language, will bring medical assistance to the riverside and indigenous population of the Amazon Region. In August 2021, interventional radiologists from the Institute of Radiology at HCFMUSP (InRad) landed on the banks of the Tapajos River, Para State, 2348 km from HCFMUSP in the city of Sao Paulo, to perform ultrasound exams and assist in the medical care of populations in situations of vulnerability to diseases and epidemic. The doctors at InRad are part of Zoe, a non-governmental organization (NGO) established to offer treatment and care to those without or with little access to qualified healthcare. The doctors spent a few days providing care on the boat Abare, a kind of basic floating health unit on the river that offers primary care, carrying out 200 exams with two pieces of portable ultrasound equipment of the most varied types in children, young people, men, and women. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of the Abare boat in assisting riverside communities became even more important. The vessel is where people receive basic supplies and protection items, such as masks and alcohol gel [3]. HCFMUSP is a large public technological health center with equipment and devices with all the necessary resources in place, but in the remote places served, these resources are minimal. In addition to primary care, the doctors performed cancer and thyroid diagnoses, pregnancy and hernia tests, not to mention the exchange of experiences between doctors and the local population and interaction with the local communities' indigenous leaders, shamans, and chiefs. Through this exchange, the doctors were able to experience the dynamics of the village and gain access to knowledge about the forest and local wisdom based on the concept of community life. In the third expedition of the InRad doctors in 2022, they carried out 377 clinical consultations in children, the elderly, and chronic patients, in addition to 125 ultrasound examinations in indigenous communities of Alto do Xingu. The action, carried out in partnership with \"SESAI, more Indian Health\" and the NGO \"Xingu + Catu\". The difference in this expedition was the provision of on-site service to assist the indigenous people in the villages, allowing them to remain in their homes, as shown in Figure 1.  
To reach the villages at the base pole in Alto Xingu, in the northeast region of the State of Mato Grosso, in the southern portion of the Brazilian Amazon, the path taken by health professionals is long and they need to travel by ferry, boat, car, and even by foot,  
Figure 1: Indigenous patient care by InradHC doctors in the village of Alto do Xingu. but the effort is rewarded by being able to take the portable ultrasound equipment to these communities.