# Expert System Based on Integrated Fuzzy AHP for Automatic Cutting Tool Selection
## 4 Expert System and Discussion  
The expert system based on the proposed fuzzy AHP method for cutting tool selection was implemented using Microsoft Visual Studio C# 2012, and an initial selection interface describing the cutting tool type selection process is shown in Figure 6. There are two methods that are used to determine the initial selection. The first is to enter the real values for all necessary information, such as the average width, depth, wall thickness, weight, and accuracy level for shoulder milling. The expert system will directly convert these values into selection types by level (e.g., low, medium, and high) based on rules. The second method is that you can directly select selection types for each criterion. The next step in the process is defined as the collection of alternatives, as shown in Figure A1. After determining the alternatives, the criteria, sub-criteria, and so on are defined. The hierarchy tree view of this selection problem is presented in Figure 7, with the initial selection underlined and showing the comparison matrix definition for each criterion. The experts can evaluate the importance of the criteria and alternatives based on their own experiences with respect to specific ones through this interface. The consistency of the comparison matrix and the priority levels of criteria or alternatives are automatically calculated. Based on the ranked scores of the alternative cutting tool types, the optimal cutting tool type is selected. Figure 8 shows the final evaluation result for cutting tool type selection in the case study. The results for all cases are automatically saved in the database for further use. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline  & **Weight** & **FM90** & **IEM90** & **LEM** & **SEM** & **SAFM** \\ \hline _SC_ & 0.193 & 0.219 & 0.234 & 0.211 & 0.226 & 0.11 \\ _WS_ & 0.261 & 0.192 & 0.245 & 0.107 & 0.322 & 0.135 \\ _FQ_ & 0.289 & 0.21 & 0.21 & 0.223 & 0.147 & 0.21 \\ _MRC_ & 0.086 & 0.148 & 0.109 & 0.4 & 0.057 & 0.286 \\ _PR_ & 0.038 & 0.193 & 0.273 & 0.063 & 0.408 & 0.063 \\ _TC_ & 0.057 & 0.168 & 0.27 & 0.103 & 0.391 & 0.068 \\ _FE_ & 0.075 & 0.33 & 0.33 & 0.156 & 0.07 & 0.114 \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Total} & 0.208 & **0.23** & 0.188 & 0.218 & 0.157 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Component and total weights. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline _WS3_ & _WS2_ & _WS1_ & _FM90_ & **IEM90** & **LEM** & **SEM** & **SAFM** \\ \hline _0.800_ & 0.121 & 0.193 & **0.307** & **0.307** & 0.125 & 0.064 & 0.197 \\ _0.100_ & 0.121 & 0.193 & 0.082 & 0.158 & 0.396 & 0.260 & 0.104 \\ _0.100_ & 0.121 & 0.193 & 0.044 & 0.099 & 0.245 & 0.542 & 0.070 \\ _0.800_ & 0.115 & 0.193 & 0.084 & 0.246 & 0.127 & **0.382** & 0.161 \\ _0.100_ & 0.115 & 0.193 & 0.126 & 0.394 & 0.243 & 0.079 & 0.159 \\ _0.100_ & 0.115 & 0.193 & 0.441 & 0.113 & 0.308 & 0.048 & 0.089 \\ _0.900_ & 0.764 & 0.193 & **0.243** & **0.243** & **0.243** & **0.243** & 0.027 \\ _0.100_ & 0.764 & 0.193 & 0.077 & 0.077 & 0.077 & 0.077 & 0.692 \\ _0.800_ & 0.261 & 0.182 & 0.248 & 0.085 & **0.357** & 0.128 \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & 0.100 & 0.261 & 0.295 & 0.295 & 0.058 & 0.196 & 0.155 \\ _0.100_ & 0.261 & 0.167 & 0.167 & 0.334 & 0.167 & 0.167 \\ _0.800_ & 0.289 & 0.223 & 0.223 & **0.265** & 0.066 & 0.223 \\ _0.100_ & 0.289 & 0.192 & 0.192 & 0.072 & 0.351 & 0.192 \\ _0.100_ & 0.289 & 0.127 & 0.127 & 0.034 & 0.585 & 0.127 \\ _0.148_ & 0.109 & **0.400** & 0.057 & 0.286 \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & 0.193 & 0.273 & 0.063 & **0.408** & 0.063 \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & 0.168 & 0.270 & 0.103 & **0.391** & 0.068 \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & **0.330** & **0.330** & 0.156 & 0.070 & 0.114 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: The weights of different criteria and alternatives. After determining the appropriate cutting tool type, it is searched in the available cutting tool library to select the cutter concept. Then, other characteristics, such as a cutting tool, insert, grade, and cutting parameters, can be determined using the rule-based method.