## 6 Conclusions  
Though traditional methods for evaluating intrinsic meat quality and safety characteristics comprising instrumental texture and color studies, pH and sensory traits deliver evidence on meat quality, they are not appropriate for estimating the biochemical mechanisms, linking meat quality modifications or inspecting meat quality. Unquestionably, proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic methodologies or combinations of them are considered complementary tools. In this sense, these attractive measurement tools are becoming progressively more popular for researchers intending to clarify quality differences of meat products caused by many features from farm to fork.  
While reliability of the discussed proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic tools is shown in practical applications, mostly in the scope of data investigation, chemometrics should assist towards a comprehensive evaluation of experimental data and a profound understanding of how internal metabolic pathways or biological processes change in meat and meat derivatives. Accordingly, to expand the metabolite range and increase data quality with the grouping of diverse analytical approaches and platforms, it is indispensable to improve the precision and the sensitivity of instruments. As an illustration, the new technology of ion mobility separation (IMS) was able to grant a novel dimension for chromatography and MS, permitting the tracking of quality traits through meat processing  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Method** & **Advantages** & **Drawbacks (Limitations)** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Proteomics} & \(\bullet\) & Proper tool for the assessment of the meat quality & \(\bullet\) & Lack of available protein sequences from different animal species in the databases \\  & \(\bullet\) & Traceability and authenticity & \(\bullet\) & Need for information on the relevance of some detected proteins \\  & \(\bullet\) & Suitable strategy to authenticate & \(\bullet\) & Database availability or access to proteomics platforms and funding \\  & \(\bullet\) & processed meat & \(\bullet\) & \(\bullet\) \\  & \(\bullet\) & MALDI-MS was the main technique & & Proteins \\  & & which was well suited for peptide mass fingerprinting & \(\bullet\) & Database availability or access to proteomics platforms and funding \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Metabolomics} & \(\bullet\) & \(\
earrow\)accuracy value & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\bullet\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{Needs suitable tools for analytical processes such as LC-MS and metabolomic analysis} \\  & \(\bullet\) & Complete investigation of the whole & & & \\  & & metabolome & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Exploration of all kinds of molecules & & metabolomic analysis \\  & \(\bullet\) & Investigation of organic components & \(\bullet\) & Costly equipment \\  & \(\bullet\) & MS can detect and measure metabolites at very low concentrations & \(\bullet\) & MS only detects metabolites that can punctually ionize \\  & \(\bullet\) & \(\
earrow\)dynamic range and resolution & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Lipidomics} & \(\bullet\) & Properly explored in meat adulteration Quick detection of meat quality and safety, processing and authenticity & \(\bullet\) & Attained data are restricted to lipid compounds and sublipids & [118; 119] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Advantages and disadvantages of proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics in the authentication of meat products.  
with in situ automatic sampling. Additionally, potent statistical program tools need to be developed to manage and control huge amounts of experimental data for efficient determination of the security of new or traditional processing technologies in meat systems. Similarly, metabolite libraries of MS/NMR software and web servers require frequent additions of more metabolites, forming and recording more reliable standards, mining data from the literature and explaining structures of new metabolites.  
This research received no external funding.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.