###### Abstract
Three-dimensional blind watermarking schemes have a very challenging issue, which consists of the geometric distortions causing damage to the mesh appearance. This problem can be more complex in some applications such as medical diagnostic or manufacturing, where a small modification can cause a significant difference between the original mesh and the watermarked one. The obvious way to overcome this issue is to use techniques that preserve the important regions of the 3D mesh. The importance of a vertex of a region can be different throughout the 3D surfaces for the human eye. To describe this importance, some techniques used the mesh saliency in order to define salient and non-salient regions [10; 11; 12]. Therefore, to ensure the invisibility requirement of the 3D mesh, the embedding of the watermark should not have a visual impact in the geometry of perceptual important regions. Thus, mesh saliency can provide important information and adjust the effects to the perceived quality of 3D models. In [3], [PERSON] et al. proposed a hierarchical watermarking scheme for semi-regular meshes in which fragile, high-capacity, and robust watermarks have been embedded at different levels of resolutions using wavelet transform. In fact, a few saliency-based watermarking methods for 3D meshes have been proposed. In [10], a 3D mesh watermarking algorithm based on the mesh saliency of [PERSON] et al. [13] is presented. First, using the mesh saliency, perceptually conspicuous regions have been identified. Second, for each vertex, the norm is calculated and its histogram is constructed. Finally, the associated vertex norms of each bin are normalized. In [11], [PERSON] et al. presented a 3D watermarking technique aiming to preserve the appearance of the watermarked 3D mesh. The vertex norm histogram is used as a watermarkingprimitive, which has been already proposed by [PERSON] et al. [14]. Indeed, the watermark is embedded by modifying the mean or the variance of the vertex norm histogram. Recently, [PERSON] et al. [12] proposed a robust and blind watermarking method for 3D meshes based on auto diffusion function (ADF). The authors extract the salient point using the (ADF), and the mesh is segmented according to these points and the watermark is inserted statistically in each region. In this context, the proposed method takes the full advantage of mesh saliency and (QIM) quantization to design a watermarking method robust to a wide range of attacks and ensures high imperceptibility. The proposed method is based on the visual saliency associated with wavelet coefficient vectors. The watermark bits are inserted in the original 3D mesh by quantization of wavelet coefficient vectors after carrying out one wavelet decomposition. The coefficients to be quantized are chosen based on visual saliency of the 3D mesh, while the watermarking synchronization is the distance between the mesh center and salient points. This order has been found to be robust to different attacks such as similarity transformations and elements reordering. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the used terminologies. The proposed method is reported in Section 3 followed by a presentation of the experimental setup in Section 4. Section 5 discusses the experimental results. The paper is concluded in Section 6.