## 3 Monitoring Campaign  
At present, it is not possible to think about a way to deal with an artificial pancreas without a CGM gadget. This instrument established an upheaval in diabetes care, since it can accommodate the magnitude, tendency, frequency, and duration of the dynamics of the glucose levels in diabetic patients. Contrary to customary glucose monitoring (fingerstick--capillary blood glucose checking), which gives between three to ten estimations of the glucose level every day, CGM can convey up to one estimation per minute (e.g., 1440 data points per day). Therefore, this sampling frequency is adequate to be the input of a control framework. In this way, in order to perform the global monitoring of a person with diabetes, the principal choice is to consider a CGM device. In this sense, Abbott launched the Freestyle Libre by the end of 2014. The biosensor is on the patient's arm and the glucose data can then be transmitted, via NFC, through the so-called \"flash system.\" It achieves a mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of 11.4% [34] and the sensors have a long life (14 days) but they cannot be restarted. One of its advantages is that it does not need to be calibrated. As discussed above, to make an effective comparison for clarifying the most ideal glycemia modeling choice--as far as precision is concerned--utilizing the approaches discussed here, a monitoring campaign needs to be completed. In doing so, patient monitoring techniques were achieved using wearable Abbott Freestyle Libre (a CGM System), in partnership with smartphone technology so that a range of vital data could be obtained and communicated to a central processing server. The CGM sensor is equipped with a local memory with the capacity to collect and store readings for up to eight hours. In this manner, the software functioning on the individual's smartphone or tablet communicates with the CGM device periodically via a secure and short-range wireless connection, as per NFC standards, to obtain the most current readings. Nevertheless, certain devices act as transductors instead, such as NFC-Bluetooth (\"miao-miao\"; [[https://miaomiao.cool/?lang=en](https://miaomiao.cool/?lang=en)]([https://miaomiao.cool/?lang=en](https://miaomiao.cool/?lang=en))). This device is connected to the Libre sensor to ensure the smartphone receives a timely transfer of glucose readings. Such information is then passed on to a centralized and secure database where it becomes enhanced for additional processing by cloud prediction models. Further details regarding the ICT model applied to obtain data are offered in [7]. The CGM sensor is able to detect blood glucose readings (milligram/deciliter, mg/dL) each minute [35] thanks to drawing data from a sensitive filament implanted beneath the skin. The CGM sensor's value comes from an estimation of the glucose value within the bloodstream, taking a mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of 11.4% [36], as per the manufacturer's guidance. The sensor is equipped with a sensitivity range of 40 mg/dL to 500 mg/dL--beneath this range, a \"low\" reading is obtained by the sensor, and a \"high\" reading for anything above. It is, however, important that the readings can only be obtained after a several-minute delay. As a result, a lag time of somewhere between 5 and 10 min needs to be accounted for between the readings obtained by the CGM sensor and the actual bloodstream glucose levels [37]. The ability of mathematical techniques to account for precision issues as a consequence of this delay is significantly impressive [38], lessening the impact to just six minutes. With the CGM sensor in place, a self-calibration period of several hours only needs to pass [39], before the sensor itself will then expire within two weeks. So, overall, 8400 h of measurements were obtained from each patient during the monitoring process. By applying the smart band Fitbit Charge HR(r) the dataset was completed. This is an advanced smart band that gives automatic tracking activity and a continuous heart rate throughout the day.