# Recent Advancement in Assessment and Control of Structures under Multi-Hazard
###### Abstract
discussed in [PERSON] and [PERSON] [12]. Performance and fragilities of special structures, such as dams and floodwalls exposed to multiple hazards, are studied in [PERSON] and [PERSON] [13] and Bodda [14]. Natural events, such as wind and earthquakes, impose dynamic forces on buildings and other civil engineering structures. Damage caused by such forces depends on the dynamic properties of the structure, as well as the characteristics of the wind forces and ground motion. In most cases, structural damage is a result of excessive vibration. Vibration control, which refers to reducing oscillations of structures exposed to dynamic forces, can, therefore, be used as a protective measure. Vibration control makes use of active, passive, or hybrid secondary devices that are installed on the structure and designed/tuned/actuated for optimal reduction in structural responses such as displacement, acceleration, etc. Base-isolation, for example, has been a popular and effective protection against earthquakes (see, for example, [15; 16; 17; 18; 19]). Tuned mass dampers (TMD) and other supplemental damping devices of different designs and configurations have also been known to effectively reduce wind and earthquake-induced vibrations of different types of structures (see, for example, [20; 21; 22]). Vibration control systems can provide an alternative protection for existing structures where retrofitting or strengthening is considered too costly or not feasible, due to factors such as aesthetics, cultural aspects, etc. Control devices that are effective against the forces generated by one type of natural hazard might not be effective against other hazards. For example, base isolation systems, which are effective for seismic protection of structures, might cause an adverse response during strong wind [23]. Due to the uncertainties in the amplitude and frequency content of dynamic forces, induced by wind and earthquakes, and their relationship with the properties of the affected structures, consideration of a multi-hazard scenario is especially important when designing vibration control systems. This work is an attempt to bring together and synthesize valuable information and conclusions presented in a vast body of research literature on multi-hazard effects and control of civil engineering structures. The work is based on a review and synthesis of published literature. Relevant studies were searched through scholarly databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The keywords used for searching were \"multi-hazard\", \"vibration-control\", \"seismic control\", \"tuned mass dampers\", \"seismic fragility\", and \"life-cycle assessment\". The search results were then narrowed first by scanning the titles of articles to include only those that indicated relevance in the multi-hazard problem, addressing one or more of the criteria: (a) hazard mapping/quantification, (b) performance assessment, (c) design and/or optimization, (c) fragility assessment, (d) life-cycle and/or cost-benefit analysis, and (e) vibration control. This resulted in more than 400 articles. The Abstract and Conclusion sections of these articles were then studied to further filter out studies that did not address the multi-hazard problem. This resulted in 220 articles. The references listed in these articles were then checked to search for more relevant articles. Special attention was given to state-of-the art review studies. References listed in studies were checked in detail to search for additional relevant articles. In total, 263 articles were studied and are referenced to in this work. Among these, there are 210 journal articles, 17 books/reports, 11 theses, 14 book chapters, and 11 conference papers. These include 18 state-of-the art reviews. Initial thematic development of the work was, first and foremost, based on the keywords listed in these articles. The keywords in these articles were extracted, and their frequencies were counted. In total, 699 unique keywords were found.