# Enhancing Real-Time Video Streaming Quality via MPT-GRE Multipath Network
## 8 Evaluation of Video Streaming Performance  
We conducted two separate experiments to evaluate the quality of real-time video streaming over the MPT-GRE network layer multipath communication library. We measured video quality metrics in each experiment before and after transmission through two network configurations: single-path transmission using the first physical path and multipath transmission using the MPT-GRE tunnel. In the first scenario, we assessed the quality metrics SSIM, MSE, and PSNR for 20 videos at the highest resolution in the Waterloo database, 1920 \(\times\) 1080, with a bitrate of 7000 Kbps and a transmission speed of 5 Mbps. Analyzing the SSIM results in Figure 5 shows that the MPT-GRE tunnel effectively maintains video quality, for instance, in the \"BirdOfPrey\" video, the SSIM metric calculated between the original video and the video transmitted via the single path is 0.6911, indicating a noticeable decline in structural similarity. In contrast, the SSIM value between the original video and the video transmitted usingthe MPT-GRE tunnel is 0.9855, demonstrating significantly higher structural similarity. This improvement proves the tunnel's ability to maintain video quality more effectively than the single path. Another example is the \"TallBuildings\" video for evaluating the impact of transmission methods on video quality. When transmitted via a single path, the SSIM value is 0.9129, reflecting a reasonable structural quality loss. While this reduction is less pronounced compared to other videos, it still signifies the limitations of single-path streaming in preserving video fidelity. Conversely, the MPT-GRE tunnel achieves an SSIM of 0.9775, closely approximating the original video's structural similarity. This minimal reduction highlights the tunnel's effectiveness in maintaining the original video's structure and visual fidelity. Thus, for the \"TallBuildings\" video, the MPT-GRE tunnel once again outperforms the single path, ensuring that video quality remains nearly identical to the original. This performance demonstrates that the MPT-GRE tunnel preserves video quality with less degradation in the SSIM metric. The MSE metric results, shown in Figure 6, support the findings from the SSIM analyses. The \"BirdOffrey\" video contrasts the performance of the two transmission methods when assessed through MSE values. The single path yields a significantly higher MSE of 163.5632, reflecting significant quality degradation during streaming. The MPT-GRE tunnel achieves a substantially lower MSE of 54.3437, approximately one-third of the single-path's value. This comparison underscores the tunnel's efficiency in minimizing video quality loss, as its MSE is considerably closer to the ideal level, preserving the original video's integrity far more effectively than the single path. This performance presents the tunnel's capability to provide more reliable and higher-quality video streaming. For a deeper understanding, an analysis of the \"Tall Buildings\" video demonstrates how transmission paths impact video quality. Streaming through a single path results in an MSE of 126.8007, indicating a moderate quality degradation level. However, this degradation is less severe than in other videos under similar conditions. In contrast, the MPT-GRE tunnel achieves a significantly lower MSE of 69.7457, representing a notable improvement over the single path. This reduction emphasizes the tunnel's ability to  
Figure 5: SSIM comparison for different videos streaming via the single path and MPT-GRE tunnel. effectively minimize quality loss and maintain a higher level of video fidelity. This result demonstrates the tunnel's effectiveness in mitigating quality degradation compared to the single path. Analyzing the PSNR results in Figure 7 illustrates the advantage of the MPT-GRE tunnel over the single-path method in preserving video quality.