## 4 Experiment
### Results  
#### 4.4.1 Quantitative Results  
* Result of Exploration Task  
Figures 11-13 show the behavioral and subjective measurement results of the exploration task.  
Figure 11 shows the number of points of interest collected in the exploration task. The number of collected points of interest was significantly (\(p<0.005\)) higher in the simplified mode. The results mean that the participants could arrive at and collect much more points of interest via the simplified-mode virtual minimap. As for the results of the interview, we found that participants also mentioned that the simplified mode could help them navigate the points of interest efficiently, so they could perform better in collecting the points of interest in the simplified mode.  
Figure 10: Virtual scenes and minimap interfaces in the task.  
Figure 9: Some participants in the task.  
The NASA-TLX trial was conducted immediately after completing each exploration trial, and the overall scores and every independent component score were calculated [34]. In Figure 12, we can see the mean values of overall NASA-TLX scores. Additionally, we can see that participants rated their overall workload scores significantly (\(p<0.005\)) lower in the simplified mode, which indicates that the simplified mode in this work resulted in a lower overall workload score in the exploration task than in the normal mode. However, as for the mean values of independent component scores in the two map modes in Figure 13, we can see that participants only rated the mental demand score of the simplified mode statistically significantly (\(p<0.05\)) lower than that of the normal mode. Although the mean values of all the other independent component scores are lower in simplified mode than in normal mode in Figure 13, the differences are insignificant (\(p>0.05\)). The results mean that the simplified map mode resulted in lower overall workload and mental demand in the exploration task.  
Figure 11: Box plot of collected points of interest in an exploration task with two map modes.  
Figure 12: Box plot of overall workload scores in an exploration task with two map modes.  
* Results of Navigation Task Figures 14-16 show the behavioral and subjective measurement results of the navigation task.  
As shown in Figure 14, in the navigation task, the navigation time in the normal mode was significantly (\(p<0.01\)) higher than in the simplified mode, which means that the simplified mode could assist participants in finding destinations more efficiently, so the participants performed better in simplified mode.  
Figure 14: Box plot of navigation times in the navigation task with two map modes.  
Figure 13: Box plot of scores of each independent component of NASA-TLX in the navigation task with two map modes.  
The NASA-TLX trial was conducted immediately after completing each navigation trial. In Figure 15, we can see that the mean value of the overall workload score was significantly (\(p<0.05\)) lower in the simplified mode, and from Figure 16, we can see that participants rated scores of the mental demand and effort independent component significantly lower (\(p<0.05\)) for the simplified mode than the normal mode. The results mean that the simplified map mode resulted in lower overall workload, mental demand, and effort demand in the navigation task.  
Figure 16: Box plot of scores of each independent component of NASA-TLX in the navigation task with two map modes.  
Figure 15: Box plot of overall workload scores in the navigation task with two map modes.