# The Algorithms of Image Processing and Analysis in the Textile Fabrics Abrasion Assessment
## 4 Results  
The results of abrasion resistance test are shown in Table 2. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Fabric No** & **Abrasion Resistance, Rubs** & **The Mean Loss of Mass, g** \\ \hline
1 & 45,000 & 0.013 \\
2 & \textgreater{}50,000 & 0.030 \\
3 & 51,200 grade 1 (slight vividness changes) & 0.009 \\
4 & 10,000 & 0.013 \\
5 & sample 1-20,000; sample 2 and 3-25,000 & 0.029 \\
6 & 14,000 & 0.015 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The abrasion resistance test results—standard method. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Fabric** & **Composition** & **Construction and Utility Purpose** & **Finishing** & **M, g/m\({}^{2}\)** \\ \hline
1 & 100 PES & upholstery pile fabric & raising fabric & 325 \\
2 & 100 PES & technical textile, Cordura-type fabric & standard & 412 \\
3 & 100 PU & technical textile, plain weave & coated fabric & 651 \\
4 & 100 CO & fabric dedicated for garment, plain weave & bleached & 172 \\
5 & 100 CO & fabric dedicated for garment, broken will weave & bleached & 200 \\
6 & 100 CO & fabric dedicated for garment, skin weave & bleached & 188 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The characteristic of fabrics. During the abrasion, the following phenomena took place, which were not covered by criteria described in EN ISO 12947-2:2016:  
* Fabric 1 showed gradual damage of pile and progressive colour fade (grade 4 after initial 3000 rubs-assessment according to standard requirements for upholstery fabrics), which caused the loss of aesthetic properties without reaching the breakage criteria described in the standard,
* Fabric 2 showed intense damage of singular filaments in threads after just 6000 rubs, which caused the occurrence of a dense pile-like structure on the fabric surface made of damaged filaments. This structure significantly decreased the aesthetic properties of the fabric and additionally, its colour changed. According to the standard, the breakage criteria were not reached up to more than 50,000 rubs. In the case of Fabric 3, evaluated according to EN ISO 5470-2:2003, a slight change in the colour vividness of the coat surface was found. Assessment regarding the damage degree of particular layers of the coated fabric did not take place in this case. The tested fabrics showed varying abrasion resistance (from 10,000 to more than 50,000 rubs). The higher values of mass loss during the abrasion process (excluding Fabric 3) are recorded. The presented relation is the most significant for woven fabric made of cotton (Fabrics 4 to 6) and for Fabric 2 as well. The lowest value of mass loss was shown in Fabric 3, which was connected with its structure and the presence of a coating layer on the fabric's surface. The sample evaluation results, obtained using image analysis tools, are presented in Table 3. The algorithms: FHT transform and wavelet transform were not sensitive to surface changes on the sample surface as a result of the abrasion process. The next two algorithms groups gave results marking as follows:  
* ++ algorithm was sensitive to surface changes occurring on the sample during the abrasion process;
* + algorithm was potentially sensitive to surface changes existing on the sample surface during the abrasion process, but not for each fabric (which generally decreases its effectiveness)  
The preliminary test results, presented in Table 3, show the best efficiency of surface change identification for algorithms based on brightness level histogram features (e.g., median, third and fourth moments of brightness function, skewness and kurtosis). For the final analysis, among histogram-based parameters, the skewness was chosen as the most sensitive numerical parameter used in the assessment of surface changes caused by the abrasion process. The skewness values were determined for two channels (\"a and \"b) of CIELAB colour space images. The images, captured for each stage of standard assessment, were processed from RGB to CIELAB colour space.