## 1 Introduction
It improved the wind energy utilization by analyzing the influences of five main variables on the system performance. [PERSON] et al. [28] proposed a TC-CCES integrated with a heat pump subsystem, and the economic performance was analyzed by the life cycle cost method for CO\({}_{2}\) utilization. In the thermal energy storage (TES) subsystem, the heat pump cycle was applied to improve the quality of the heat stored in the thermal storage unit, and the working fluid of the heat pump was R245 fa with its low boiling point, fairly high molecular mass, and high critical temperature (427 K). Except for the above-mentioned TC-CCES systems, the SC-CCES has also aroused wide attention. [PERSON] et al. [29] proposed two SC-CCES systems, applying an underwater bag to reserve supercritical CO\({}_{2}\), which keeps the pressure constant during the energy conversion. [PERSON] et al. [30] constructed a SC-CCES system with two-stage compression. The system operation status was analyzed and the operational feasibility was discussed. [PERSON] et al. [31] came up with a SC-CCES coupled with the concentrating solar thermal subsystem, and a printed circuit heat exchanger was used to promote the system. This paper analyzed the influences of the mass flow and temperature of thermal oil, and calculated the economic indicators, identifying the viability of the system investment. Meanwhile, advanced exergy analysis was conducted on the SC-CCES system. [PERSON] et al. [24] performed the comprehensive analysis of the new two-stage SC-CCES by studying the conventional and advanced exergy analyses, finding that the result from the advanced exergetic analysis was more persuasive. [PERSON] et al. [32] found that the SC-CCES performs better than the CAES, and the recuperator has the biggest avoidable exergy loss. [PERSON] et al. [33] established an SC-CCES coupled with a TES and compared it with the compressed liquid CO\({}_{2}\) energy storage (LCES) and the AA-CAES, finding that the energy storage efficiency of the AA-CAES was better than that of the CCES, while the system efficiency of the CCES was 4.05% higher than that of the LCES, and the energy density of the CCES was 2.8 times bigger than that of the AA-CAES. Moreover, the results showed that system minimum pressures have a major effect on the system performance compared to system maximum pressures. [PERSON] et al. [34] placed emphasis on the system layout by dividing super-critical heat exchangers into two sets so that different masses of thermal fluid were adjusted to fit the specific heat of supercritical CO\({}_{2}\). The exergy destructions of high-pressure heat exchangers could be significantly lessened, while the system round trip efficiency was improved by 2.84-5.26% compared to the baseline system. [PERSON] et al. [14] put forward an SC-CCES system combined with a hierarchical water TES, which stored wind energy in the off-peak period and discharged it as the steady power in the peak period. [PERSON] et al. [35] proposed the SC-CCES system with a low-temperature TES. The influences of main variables on the system performance were analyzed and the system optimization was completed by the genetic algorithm method. In the ESS with trans-critical and supercritical CO\({}_{2}\) as the working fluids, each component needs to withstand high pressure. In case the operation pressure is higher than the CO\({}_{2}\) critical pressure, the difficulty and the cost for the system manufacturing increase and the safety for system operation are challenged. In response to these problems, [PERSON] et al. [36] and [PERSON] et al. [37] proposed the ESS based on the carbon dioxide phase transition process (PC-CCES). This system used a gas tank to reserve the gaseous working fluid at normal temperature and pressure. During the energy storage process, the working fluid was compressed first and then condensed, and finally reserved in the liquid tank. During the energy discharge period, the working medium evaporated and then expanded to generate power.