# A Systematic Review of the Usability of Telemedicine Interface Design for Older Adults
## 3 Results
### Usability Evaluation Methods for Interface Design  
After examining the key factors affecting the usability of telemedicine interfaces for older adults, including a functional framework, interaction logic, visual design, and user experience, it becomes evident that these design elements directly impact users' perceived \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Modules** & **Elements** & **Specification/Definition** & **Reference** & **Numbers of Papers** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Gamification} & Utilize rewards systems and competition to & & & \\  & motivate elderly users, and incorporate a & & & \\  & flashing “done” button along with task & & & \\  & countdowns to enhance engagement levels & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Sociability} & Enhance user engagement through social & & & \\  & dimensions that foster a sense of belonging & & & \\  & within the application environment & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Personalization} & Customize the main page layout while & & & \\  & offering personalized health feedback and & & & \\  & content, integrating accessibility features & & & \\  & like screen reader compatibility, adjustable & & & \\  & contrast, audio prompts, and tailored & & & \\  & notifications to meet individual needs & & & \\ \cline{2-5}  & Provide links to external sites for & & & \\  & personalized medical information related to & & & \\  & injuries or conditions & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{User Experience} & Organize information in a logical and & & & \\  & straightforward manner suitable for all & & & \\  & & cognitive levels, creating an intuitive & & \\  & interface that is easy to read and learn & & & \\  & without prior experience. Ensure that tasks & & & \\  & & are uncomplicated and easily transferable & & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & Develop a cohesive and consistent design & & \\  & & featuring familiar buttons and menus, & & \\  & Simplicity & utilizing clear and recognizable images & & & \\  & along with straightforward language. Avoid & & & \\  & clutter and unnecessary complexity to & & & \\  & maintain clarity & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Fault Tolerance} & Implement immediate error correction, & & & \\  & provide timely feedback, offer help & & & \\  & resources, and ensure easy recovery options. & & & \\  & Additionally, make support readily & & & \\  & accessible for troubleshooting and assistance & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Security} & Guarantee data protection, privacy, and user & & & \\  & safety through professional practices and & & & \\  & robust system safeguards & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Emotional} & Create a realistic experience that evokes an & & & \\  & emotional response and promotes a sense of & & & \\  & achievement on the first attempt & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{User Center} & Recognize the accomplishments of older & & & \\  & users with praise and rewards, provide extra & & & \\  & incentives, organize contacts for easier & & & \\  & access, and incorporate automated features & & & \\  & to enhance overall performance & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._usefulness, perceived ease of use, operational efficiency, and overall satisfaction. However, merely analyzing the design factors influencing the interface usability is not sufficient. It is essential to systematically assess these factors using scientific usability evaluation methods to verify whether the interface truly meets the needs of older users. Understanding the elements that impact usability provides a solid foundation for ensuring that interface designs align with user needs and expectations. To translate these insights into actionable improvements, a structured approach to usability evaluation is required. The System Usability Scale (SUS) is widely recognized for evaluating usability. This is consistent with the review by [PERSON] [24], as SUS is simple and effective in evaluating the user experience of data health for the elderly.