## 7 Conclusions and Future Work
The system must be able to handle an increasing volume of data as the network of vehicles grows, especially during expansion at an urban or national level. Without the effective management of scalability, the Onto-CMS could fail to respond in real-time to traffic requests or interactions between vehicles, potentially leading to delays or malfunctions that could jeopardise traffic safety. This requires implementing technologies that support seamless and sustainable growth while ensuring the reliability of the system. Additionally, the Onto-CMS must be designed to interact seamlessly with vehicles from various manufacturers. The primary challenge is to develop a system capable of accessing data, interacting and operating in a consistent and effective manner across all these vehicles, avoiding issues of incompatibility or malfunctions caused by differing protocols and architectures among manufacturers. Each vehicle manufacturer employs proprietary technologies and systems for monitoring driver preferences, managing on-board networks and controlling sensors. This limitation is closely linked to another critical issue: the fact that the Onto-CMS's current ontology is not designed to represent and manage specific technical characteristics of vehicles, such as engine types, communication protocols or advanced functionalities. This shortfall prevents the Onto-CMS from tailoring its services to the unique features of individual vehicles. In the future, the focus will be on expanding and improving the system, testing it with a larger number of driver profiles encompassing an even broader range of preferences and complex sensory conditions. This will enable an assessment of how the Onto-CMS can handle a greater variety of variables and scenarios in real-world conditions. The aim is to ensure that the system can adapt effectively to an increasing number of diverse conditions, providing more sophisticated customisation to meet individual driver needs while maintaining high safety standards. Another key area for future development is improving the system's adaptability in complex scenarios through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). AI algorithms could enable the Onto-CMS to respond dynamically to unforeseen conditions, such as sudden environmental changes or variations in the driver's physical state. Finally, to fill the gap of a technical ontology and improve vehicle integration across various manufacturers, future work will focus on extending the ontology to manage vehicles' technical features, including elements such as engine type, battery capacity, sensors, communication standards and integration with industry standards to simplify adaptation to different manufacturers. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualisation, M.A.C. and G.D.M.S. ; Methodology, M.A.C. ; Validation, M.A.C. and G.D.M.S. ; Writing--Draft Preparation, Writing--Review and Editing, M.A.C. ; Supervision, G.D.M.S. ; Project Administration, M.A.C. and G.D.M.S. ; Funding Acquisition, M.A.C. and G.D.M.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research was funded by UNIGE COFUNDS: University of Geneva Strategic Partnerships Joint Seed Funding with Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Call 2020). The project's name is The Role of the Standard on the Liability of the Driver-Vehicle Interfaces (DVI) Designers for the 3L (3 rd level) AVs (autonomous vehicles). **Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable. **Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable. **Data Availability Statement:** The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. **Acknowledgments:** This work was supported by the use of ChatGPT-4 by OpenAI, which was utilised in some phases of the ontology development process. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.