# [UOM - Free5 gc]
## 5 B5 gemini AI Components
### Intent-Based Networking  
Intent-based networking is an approach to network operation that focuses on user intent rather than network details. In an intent-based network (IBN), operators can define the desired objectives or outcomes in a declarative manner and then rely on the network to automatically provision all the required resources and configure itself to achieve those objectives, ideally, in an optimal manner. This contrasts with the more traditional approach of configuring a network by manually specifying all the required configuration parameters.  
Intent-based networking is particularly well suited to manage large, complex networks because it greatly simplifies operation tasks by automating highly specialized and time-consuming processes such as network configuration and troubleshooting, ultimately reducing the time and resources required to manage the network and making it easier and quicker to deploy new applications. In addition, by reducing manual interactions with the network, IBNs can also help reduce the risk of human error. IBN is also a valuable tool for NDT management, as the same advantages can be transferred to this environment, where the need for manual setup and maintenance is greatly reduced, and operational efficiency is increased.  
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) are two key enablers of IBN. NFV and SDN are complementary technologies that are often used together to provide a more complete IBN solution. NFV decouples network functions from dedicated hardware devices, allowing them to be run on standard server hardware. This greatly increases the flexibility of the network, as different functions can be quickly and easily deployed, reconfigured, or upgraded as needed. SDN, on the other hand, provides a centralized control plane that can be used to manage and configure the network. Together, NFV and SDN allow for the creation of virtualized networks that are much more flexible and easier to manage than traditional networks [75].  
IBNs are based on the principle that guides Infrastructure as Code (IaC). In this context, the network is treated as a software system, and is configured and managed by code. Driven by this conceptual analogy, one approach to achieve an intent-based network is to create a Domain Specific Language (DSL) to formally specify network policies. This DSL can be used to define the appropriate configuration of network devices and traffic routes. This configuration, often referred to as a \"policy\" in this context, is defined as a sequence of actions to be performed on the network, which can be formulated as a Markov Decision Process (MDP).  
There are still some challenges to be solved before IBN can be fully realized. Chief among them is the need for more intelligent algorithms that can automatically and reliably translate high-level user intentions into a low-level network configuration policy that copes with the ambiguities and lack of proper context that human language often presents. In addition, these algorithms must take into account the subtle conflicts and incompatibilities in the execution of each user intent and be able to automatically resolve them or suggest a possible resolution to the network operator [76]. Currently, there is no clear consensus on how to solve these problems in a scalable and efficient manner. For this reason, although IBNs have been widely recognized as a promising paradigm for future network operation, the lack of efficient methods for policy inference limits their applicability. Further research is needed to enable the widespread adoption of this concept.