## 3 Materials and Methods
### Planning the Review  
A common approach to conducting literature reviews is to use a keyword string search to locate appropriate literature sources from available electronic literature databases. A universally accepted search strategy is to base the search string on the research questions and to include a list of synonyms, alternative spellings, and abbreviations of the search terms [57]. Based on the research questions and considering the theoretical background in artificial intelligence and management information systems domains, this review focused on the following sample key phrase selection for identifying relevant source material: \"artificial intelligence\", \"machine learning\", \"deep learning\", \"neural networks\", \"cognitive enhancement\", \"speech recognition\", \"natural language processing\", \"intelligent process automation\", \"predictive analytics\", \"enterprise resource planning\", \"information management\", \"expert systems\", \"knowledge management systems\", \"business value\", \"cloud-based platform\", \"edge AI\", and \"federated learning\". The selected key phrases correspond to the choice of research questions. By focusing the key phrases on recently researched AI capabilities, terminology related to management information systems, and types of platforms for deploying AI applications, the possibility of gathering studies that are relevant to one or more of the posed research questions is increased. However, given the variety of AI capabilities, models, and methods in use by AI researchers and the lack of cohesiveness in the way they are referred to by researchers, a more thorough search strategy was needed. Thus, the initial database search was performed iteratively by including different variations of the key phrases, as well as enriching the search strings with terminology specific to the adoption of AI in MIS. The above-mentioned key phrases were used as the basis for formulating the string search; however, they do not represent the complete and exhaustive list of terms used in the search.  
The search for source material was conducted in three research databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Association of Information Systems e-library; however, all the sources extracted via the AIS e-library were duplicated in the Scopus and Web of Science extractions and the duplicate articles were later discarded.  
The following inclusion criteria were identified in accordance with the selected research methodology:  
* Journal and conference papers that addressed the intersection between AI and management information systems domains, containing the key phrases defined above in their title, abstract, or keywords.
* Journal and conference papers written in English.
* Journal and conference papers published since 2006, when research studies started focusing on overlapping topics in the AI and MIS research domains.
* Studies that directly answer one or more of the research questions.  
The following exclusion search criteria were identified in accordance with the selected research methodology:  
* Duplicate articles.  
Use of the key phrases only in the abstract to present the context of the study.
* Unavailability of the full study text as an electronic document.
* Simulation studies (no actual application of AI technology).  
As recommended by [61], the data extraction process was planned based on the research questions in order to outline similarities and differences between the research results of the examined studies. Thus, the following main search elements were highlighted: author(s); year when the paper was published; language of publication; source of publication; title; abstract; indexed keywords; AI capability in the organizational context addressed by the paper; challenges of adopting AI in the researched MIS application; research method; and the business value and benefits of the AI application.