## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Materials  
The subjects of the studies were two multilayer composites (_A_ and _B_) of similar geometry and composition with potential use in thermal protective gloves (palm side). Both tested composites are based on basalt fabric connected with Mylar(r) foil using silicone. The choice of these three base components of both tested composites resulted from their favorable properties from the point of view of their potential application. _Basalt fabric_ has a mass per unit area of 398 g\(\cdot\)m\({}^{-2}\), a thickness of 0.55 mm, and a 2/2 twill weave. Basalt fibers are characterized by their high resistance to extreme temperatures. They can be successfully used in the temperature range of \(-260\)\({}^{\circ}\)C to +800 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Their thermal conductivity ranges from 0.031 W\(\cdot\)m\({}^{-2}\cdot\)K\({}^{-1}\) to 0.038 W\(\cdot\)m\({}^{-2}\cdot\)K\({}^{-1}\), while the thermal expansion coefficient is 8.0 ppm\(\cdot\)\({}^{\circ}\)C\({}^{-1}\). Basalt fibers are also characterized by high mechanical strength. They have a density of approximately 2.75 g\(\cdot\)cm\({}^{-3}\), a tensile strength of 4840 MPa, the Young's modulus of elasticity is 89 GPa, and the elongation at break is 3.15%. [15; 19]. _Mylar(r) polyester foil_ from Du Pont [32] is a flexible, strong, and durable foil that has many applications in industry. The film is obtained by condensation occurring between ethylene glycol and terephthalalic acid. Mylar(r) foil has very good insulating properties. Mylar(r) Type A is a durable, general-purpose film. Mylar(r) type A foil is available on the market in the thickness range of 12 \(\upmu\)m-100 \(\upmu\)m and 140 \(\upmu\)m-500 \(\upmu\)m. Moreover, it has an average tensile strength of 190 MPa, has high resistance to moisture and most chemicals, and is resistant to temperatures up to 150 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Mylar(r) foil does not contain plasticizers and does not become brittle after prolonged use under normal conditions. A 140 \(\upmu\)m thick foil was used in the tests carried out. _HT sealant_ silicone (Technicqll, Trzebinia, Poland) [33] is a one-component silicone adhesive. Silicome forms a layer that is flexible throughout use at temperatures ranging from \(-60\)\({}^{\circ}\)C to +300 \({}^{\circ}\)C. It perfectly bonds smooth surfaces in all metals, their alloys, and castings, as well as glass, ceramics, and plastics. It is used primarily for sealing engine components and connectors in construction and industry, where resistance to elevated temperatures is necessary. In the case of composite \(A\), a 30 \(\upmu\)m-thick ZrO\({}_{2}\)-TiO\({}_{2}\)-Al coating was applied to the inner side of the basalt fabric in the PVD process using magnetron sputtering (equipment). Its inner ZrO\({}_{2}\) layer and middle TiO\({}_{2}\) layer were 7.5 \(\upmu\)m thick each, while the outer Al layer was 15 \(\upmu\)m thick. The same coating was additionally applied to the outside of the Mylar(r) foil in both composites. In the case of composite \(B\), a 15 \(\upmu\)m thick coating of parylene C was applied to the basalt fabric on both sides in the CVD process using the PDS 2010 LaboaterTM 2 reactor from Specialty Coating Systems (Indianapolis, IN, USA). Due to the potential use of the tested composites in thermal protective gloves, all layers are resistant to high temperatures. The lining fabric, made of basalt fibers, is additionally mechanically durable. The use of a parylene C layer in composite \(B\) was intended to improve the sensory comfort of the glove user by reducing contact between the stiff, sharp basalt fibers and the user's skin. Moreover, parylene C, due to the low value of the thermal conductivity coefficient (0.08 W\(\cdot\)m\({}^{-1}\cdot\)K\({}^{-1}\)), was to act as an additional insulating layer and improve the adhesion between the basalt fabric and silicone.