## 1 Introduction  
Recent developments in sensor and communication technologies are playing a vital role in many smart applications due to their adaptability, low cost, quick expansion, and availability [1]. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are frequently used to gather data from the target region and transmit it to the sink. The capability of a sensor node to self-configure with its neighbours and build the network without human intervention is one of its key characteristics [2, 3]. Sensor nodes are placed in the intended region to collect the physical parameters like pressure, temperature, vibration, light, humidity, etc. Sensor technology is essential to many real-time applications, including smart farming, smart aquaculture, earthquake monitoring, gas leak detection, nuclear radiation detection, landslide detection, tsunami detection, and so on [4, 5, 6, 7]. One of the dangers to human life around the world is the use of land mine bombs. A land mine bomb is an explosive device used in battle to destroy enemy targets and vehicles that is buried in or on the ground [8]. The Royal Demolition Explosive (RDX), Trinitrotoluene (TNT), Tetryl, High Melting Explosive (HMX), acetone peroxide, a metal or plastic container, and a pressure sensor are the main components of the land mine. It is divided into two categories: (i) antipersonnel land mines and (ii) anti-vehicle land mines. The antipersonnel land mine, often called VS 5.0, PMD 6, VAL 69, or PMA3, is a small, explosive device that bursts into flames when stepped on or disturbed. It is used by the military to harm the enemy. VS 1.6, TMA 4, M15, and M19 are a few examples of anti-vehicle land mines that are buried beneath the earth of the roadway to target the trucks and cars of the opposing side [9; 10]. Landmine is electrically triggered and incurs significant monetary and personal losses when the heavy vehicle passes over them. The unexplored land mines remain a threat, even after the war is over. Numerous mine awareness initiatives were established to inform the public and promote safe conduct among residing communities. According to the United Nations (UN), it would take approximately 1100 years to entirely remove all hidden land mines from the earth. According to the land mine monitor database, more than 12,000 casualties from anti-personnel and anti-vehicle land mines were reported between 1999 and 2017. Table 1 shows the list of countries that are most affected by the land mine and the total number of casualties reported [8]. The present routing algorithms are closely related to static WSNs which deploy numerous sensor nodes to expand coverage and improve data accuracy. When using the present random node deployment and routing technique, it is very difficult to pinpoint the exact position of events in the hazardous region, such as the detection of land mine bombs, gas leaks, and radiation emitting sources. Furthermore, the mobile WSN's random node placement is not sufficient to provide full coverage for the land mine search. Furthermore, it does not guarantee that the location being tracked will be secure or qualified as a safe zone. According to the UN, finding the exact location of the buried land mine is still required in order to dispose of the explosive safely. The land mine is typically located using a metal detector, a dog, a rat, and a person. However, if the land mine is not located precisely, it can cause severe damage, death and financial loss. In order to address these problems, it is planned to employ a completely automated technology to locate and destroy landmines without endangering people. An energy-efficient T-based Routing Topology (TRT) is proposed, in which the robotic vehicle incorporates the sensor nodes and Global Positioning System (GPS) to find and lock the precise location of land mines. The major goal of this paper is to create networks in the targeted area and to gather information about the buried device, including its precise location and picture.