# Multimedia Vision for the Visually Impaired through 2D Multiarray Braille Display
## 3 Proposed eBook Reader Application for 2D Braille Display
### Parsing Method of Multimedia Contents for the VI
#### 3.3.1 DAISY Formats  
Figure 9 shows an example of text contents extracted from DAISY v2.02. In the relatively simple DAISY v2.02 format, there exist the Navigation Control Center (NCC) document and Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) file corresponding to each chapter or section and the text, images, and audio contents are tagged in the SMIL file [33]. On the other hand, books in the v3.0 format have less complex structure and can support more image and audio files, which was achieved by enhancing the navigation function one level higher through the Navigation Control for Extensible markup language (XML) file (called the NCX file), and strengthening the multimedia functions [9; 34]. Table 3 shows the file types existing in the DAISY v3.0 format. This structure of DAISY v3.0 is similar to the book structure of EPUB explained in [35]. The approach of DAISY v2.02 in this study is a typical method that extracts tagged contents by accessing the NCC file. However, because v3.0 had a compatibility problem with conventional applications during the implementation of the application, various contents were extracted using a direct tag-parsing method via XML files, instead of going through the NCX file. In a previous study [37], the open source Android Daisy Reader was used to extract text contents and additionally extract images and MP3 files that can be used as information contained in a book. Through this open source, DAISY v2.02 can browse the SMIL file and its lower level files based on the NCC document. However, when the application is implemented via the open source used in this study, certain chapters \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Format** & **Contents** \\ \hline OPF & Open eBook Publication Structure (OEBPS). It includes bibliography for each book \\ XML & Text content file containing some or all text in the book with the appropriate markup \\ NCX & A file containing all the positions of a book that users can browse \\ SMIL & A file containing information to link audio and text content files \\ RES & A file containing text segments, audio clips, images, etc., representing the movement information \\ Others & Audio, image, CSS \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: The contents of DAISY v3.0 format. Figure 9: An example of extracting sample content using SMIL and NCC file within smartphone (Android OS). “WIPO Treaty for the Visually Impaired” is the DAISY v2.02 sample book of DAISY Consortium [36] and extracted by modifying [13]. in the book were omitted because the content types were differently entered in some DAISY v2.02 files. This problem occurred because, for every author, as well as for every DAISY v2.02 book, the structure is different, and the chapter list did not match correctly with the text contents. Besides, even when there is corresponding content for a certain chapter, either a blank page, or the text of a different chapter was displayed. To prevent this problem, we applied Algorithm 1 to properly extract the entire text in the original eBook by inserting conditional statements that use three types of categories (i.e., Level, Pagenumber, Unknown), and by creating a chapter-wise index of the text contents. ```
Input :The DAISY v2.02 book Output:Text contents and appropriate chapter index of the DAISY v2.02 book chapter. DAISYItemType LEVEL, PAGENUMBER, UNKNOWN for0 to lengthdo ifnavig.getType() == LEVELthen  add to text contents elseifnavig.getType() == PAGENUMBERthen  length++ elseifnavig.getType() == UNKNOWNthen  length++ else  Add to text contents end Insert size of chapters to the index return text contents and chapter index
```  
**Algorithm 1**Chapter-wise extraction of text contents from DAISY v2.02 books using an open source [13]. These three types were declared as enumerated types in the Android Daisy Reader. level category indicates where the real text content is located, and pagenumber category is separately specified by the author regardless of the text content in the book.