## 5 Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Control Strategies
### Power Generation Control
The minimization of regular operation costs while providing purified water to the remote communities, sustaining practical functioning parameters of microgrids, and meeting the consumer preferences is the major goal to achieve by the new energy management technique. This goal is achieved by performing the real-time supervisory control on all present controllers of a system in both demand and generation sides. On the demand side, to attain the lowest operational cost and to satisfy consumers' requirements for the water purification units and domestic appliances, an optimal operational schedule was developed, while on the generation side, conventional and renewable generation units were integrated to make a distributed system. Droop parameters were used to satisfy the demand in conventional distributed generators, while the maximum power point tracking algorithm was used in renewable sources of energy to increase the efficiency of a system. Furthermore, the bidirectional power flow allowed by DC/AC interlinking converters for both DC and AC sections of a microgrid is also controlled by a new energy management technique [105]. An adaptive rolling-time horizon is utilized by the proposed energy management technique in response to disturbances/changes in user input or by the system in a practical real-time operation. Mixed-integer nonlinear programming modeled the assets schedulingproblems. The effectiveness of the new energy management technique is tested on a hybrid AC/DC microgrid in a simulation. The purpose of delivering an anticipated power-sharing and uniform DC-link voltage for a distributed energy storage system is built on the base of a hybrid microgrid during load changes. A zero dynamics-based mathematical equation for all the converters used in a system-based controller was designed, which controls a grid-connected DC/AC converter, lithium battery-based storage system, and PV system [106]. A bidirectional buck-boost converter was used in a distributed energy storage system, and two buck converter photovoltaic system, supply, and a grid power quality of grid-connected loads were enhanced by a grid-connected converter and also responsible for the damping of the DC-link voltage variation. Moreover, in dynamic and steady-state conditions, a proposed model is delivering accurate coordinates. The system is tested on different operating conditions, and the results were satisfactory. All over the world, most of the rural areas are isolated from the urban areas and the absence of electricity affects the development of the areas. It is due to the accessibility, less generation capacity, and affordability of the electric power in that area. A user-friendly power supply is designed to overcome that long-standing problem which generates power from renewable power generation systems using microgrid topology. For isolated rural areas' power supply, a wind augmented, cogeneration solar photovoltaic-based power generation scheme is designed. The designed hybrid microgrid provides uninterrupted electricity to the village at a very low cost. As the nature of wind and solar is not consistent, a coordinated control mechanism is also present that confirms automatically exchange of the power facility within the microgrid efficiently [107; 108]. Table 3 shows the different control strategies regarding power generation in hybrid microgrids. It shows that modern research is focused on interlinking converters and droop control mechanisms, but model predictive control has recently been employed and has shown promising results in this field. Using the tuned values of PID gains fetched from optimization and the model-based controller results of the modified model show improved results. Passivity theory is used to make converge the dynamics of state variables to zero by contemplating the inserted impedance and resistance for b-q components; currents of converters and DC/DC converter were used, respectively.