## 4 Conclusions  
The morphologies of ZPPs of P(St/AA), prepared by mini-EP and varying from Pickering-like to core-shell, were kinetically controlled by adjusting the polymerization factors, i.e., the amount of SDS, KPS, and DVB. When increasing the SDS concentration (0.5-3.0%), the size of the ZPPs decreased from 200.5 \(\pm\) 74.8 nm to 64.5 \(\pm\) 4.3 nm. The Pickering-like ZPPs were obtained at below and equal to its CMC. At above the CMC, the complete encapsulation of the OA-ZnO NPs within the ZPPs depicted a kinetically controlled morphology due to the higher polymerization rate and, hence, higher viscosity in miniemulsion. The amount of KPS influenced the location of the OA-ZnO NPs on the ZPPs, i.e., the transition from the non-Pickering (at 2% KPS) to Pickering-like (at 0.5-1% KPS), was kinetically controlled. Incorporation of DVB further validated the kinetic contribution on the morphology. The acceleration of polymerization rate and high viscosity of DVB caused the entrapment of OA-ZnO NPs within the polymer particle. The ZPPs morphology changed from Pickering-like (1% DVB) to PS-coated ZnO NPs (5% DVB) and, finally, to PS inhomogeneously decorated with ZnO NPs (10% DVB) on the surface. For the further study of interfacial tension and kinetic effect, St was replaced by MMA. Figure 8: UV-visible absorption (**A**) and % transmittance (**B**) spectra in UV-visible range (300–700 nm) of Pickering-like, core-shell, and hollow ZPPs compared to OA-ZnO NPs. The sufficient amount of 10% DVB provided not only the high crosslinked density, but also the stable hollow ZPPs. In addition, all ZPP-incorporated PVA films showed superior UV shielding performance in comparison with pristine PVA and ZnO NP-incorporated PVA films. The large amount of ZnO NPs located in core were responsible for the high absorption of core-shell ZPPs, while the difference in refractive index between ZnO NPs on the interface and the polymer/void core caused the multiple light scattering as a dominant mode of shielding for hollow and Pickering-like ZPPs. All PVA films containing ZPPs also showed relatively high transparency. Therefore, understanding reaction kinetics attributed from polymerization parameters allows for the design of the morphology of inorganic polymeric composites to meet specific needs. The following are available online at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/polym13152526/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/polym13152526/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/polym13152526/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/polym13152526/s1)), Figure S1: TEM (A) and SEM (B) images and XRD pattern (C) of ZnO NPs, Figure S2: Differential TGA diagram of bare ZnO NPs and OA-ZnO NPs using the added OA content of 0.01, 0.04, 0.10, and 0.4 mL, Figure S3: (A) FTIR spectra and (B) TGA thermograms of ZPPs prepared by varying the amount of SDS, i.e., 0.5 (black), 1.5 (red), and 3.0% (blue), Figure S4: (A) FTIR spectra and (B) TGA thermograms of ZPPs prepared by varying the amount of KPS (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%), Figure S5: TGA thermograms of ZPPs using PMMA mixed with 1, 5, and 10% DVB, Figure S6: Photographs of PVA film and PVA films containing 1 wt% of OA-ZnO NPs, core-shell ZPPs, Pickering-like ZPPs, and hollow ZPPs coated on glass slide placed on black and white backgrounds, and Figure S7: Schematic diagram of light absorption and multi light scattering of core-shell, Pickering-like and hollow ZPPs. Conceptualization, T.S. and P.T. ; methodology, N.S. ; validation, T.S. and P.T. ; formal analysis, T.S. ; investigation, N.S. ; data curation, N.S. ; writing--original draft preparation, N.S. ; writing--review and editing, T.S. and P.T. ; visualization, P.T. ; supervision, project administration and funding acquisition, T.S. and P.T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was supported through grants BRF2-NDFR17/2564 from Basic Research Fund: fiscal year 2021 by Mahidol University. Not applicable. The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.