## 5 Evaluation and Discussion
### Experimental Setup  
For the experiment, we selected 20 queries and evaluated the state of querying and analysis of large-scale astronomical data by comparing the current system with the IRSA \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Evaluation Framework** & **BigDAWG** & **CloudMdsQL** & **Proposed System** \\ \hline Heterogeneity & \(\bullet\) & Multiple Data Stores with Multiple Query Interfaces Query Processed through Islands and Shim Operators & \(\bullet\) & Multiple Data Stores with Single Query Interface Query Processed through Mediators/Wrappers & \(\bullet\) & Multiple Data Stores with Single Query Interface Query Processed through APIs \\ \hline Autonomy & \(\bullet\) & Use of Shims, where catalog information updated automatically and manually native API calls & \(\bullet\) & Use of Wrappers where catalog updated automatically and manually Native API calls \\ \hline Transparency & \(\bullet\) & Specify information islands with SCOPE operators and hide transformation detail with CAST operators & \(\bullet\) & Specify data stores, data types and automatic transformation into table representation which is representation & No need to specify data store, automatic transformation into table representation which is hidden \\ \hline Flexibility & \(\bullet\) & No schema flexibility Query interfaces of fixed islands, not readily extensible & \(\bullet\) & No schema flexibility & \(\bullet\) & No schema flexibility (can be updated manually) \\ \hline Optimality & \(\bullet\) & Query Rewriting, data transformation and active data migration & \(\bullet\) & No active transformation and migration & \(\bullet\) & Active query transformation with user defined data migration \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Evaluation based on features of Polystore systems. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Evaluation Framework** & **IRSA ZTF Images GUI** & **Datawnt0 GUI (Past Work)** & **Proposed Systems GUI** \\ \hline Data support & \(\bullet\) & Reference images and catalog files & \(\bullet\) & Epochal science images and catalog files & \(\bullet\) & Reference images and catalog files \\  & \(\bullet\) & Epochal science images and catalog files & & \(\bullet\) & Epochal science images and catalog files \\ \hline  & \(\bullet\) & Single-Object Search & \(\bullet\) & Single-Object Search & \(\bullet\) & Single-Object Search \\  & \(\bullet\) & Multi-object Search, user upload, manually predefined table & \(\bullet\) & Multi-object Search & \(\bullet\) & Multi-object Search \\  & \(\bullet\) & Query by Fields, CCDs, and Galaxies name & \(\bullet\) & Query by Fields, CCDs, Nights & \(\bullet\) & Query by Fields, CCDs, Nights, Galaxy name \\ Query Support Function & \(\bullet\) & Querying by Fields, CCDs, and Galaxies name & \(\bullet\) & Support Relate and Join Function & \(\bullet\) & Support Relate and Join Function \\  & \(\bullet\) & No Relate and Join Function & \(\bullet\) & Filtering option is not present in the result table & \(\bullet\) & Filtering option present in the result table \\  & \(\bullet\) & Filtering option present in result table & \(\bullet\) & No Query by Example Function & \(\bullet\) & The result table \\  & \(\bullet\) & No query by Example Function & \(\bullet\) & Function & \(\bullet\) & Support Query by Example Function \\ \hline Architecture Flexibility & \(\bullet\) & Local: Catalogs and images Remote: Multiple directories with images and logs files & \(\bullet\) & Local: Catalogs with index Remote: Single directory for images accessible & \(\bullet\) & Local: Catalogs with index Remote: Multiple directory for images accessible \\ \hline Users & \(\bullet\) & Expert SQL users & \(\bullet\) & Amateur SQL users & \(\bullet\) & Novice users \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Evaluation based on Existing Work. web-based system.