## 2 Analysis of the Designing for Fairway Width  
### Traffic Status Analysis  
In this study, in order to determine the appropriate width for the marine transportation network, the current status of coastal ship fairways in Korea and the current status of the planned construction of an offshore wind power plant were analyzed. The offshore wind  
Figure 1: Flowchart of the study.  
power generation complex is scheduled to be built in the Incheon, Jeon-buk, and Jeon-nam regions of the West Sea, Nam-hae, and off the coast of Ulsan. In this study, the target sea area off the coast of Gun-san was selected and analyzed, with the fairway intersecting the north-south direction and the east-west direction. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, most ships, except for fishing boats and other small ships, show a certain customs pattern depending on their destination and can be divided into the main flows where ship fairways are concentrated, and branch-type flows generated when entering each port.  
In order to build an offshore wind farm, the wind conditions must be measured for one year and a wind turbine can be built within a range of 10 km for each instrument [20]. Currently, in the coastal waters of Korea with depths below 200 m, wind condition gauges are installed and there are many planned installation sites.  
Figure 2 shows the current status of wind conditions and the maritime traffic flow to be achieved in the sea area near Gun-san Port, which is the focus area of this study.  
Figure 2 shows the trajectory of ships over 50 m long: the blue circle represents the wind measuring instrument installation permit area in coastal waters, while the yellow circle represents the wind measuring instrument installation permit area in the EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone). Some of the wind measuring instruments in the coastal waters  
Figure 2: Status of the marine traffic and offshore wind farm planned in the area.  
are located in the middle of the main traffic flow going north and south. Most of the wind measuring instruments in the EEZ are located in the middle of the vessel traffic flow. If an offshore wind farm is built in the relevant water area in the future, the navigation flow of ships will change significantly. Therefore, before the establishment of an offshore wind farm construction plan, an appropriate vessel fairway should be established to ensure navigation safety.  
Currently, when designing the width of approach channels for a port or fairways near a port, the \"Harbour Approach Channels Design Guidelines\" provided by the International Water Transportation Facility Association (PIANC) or the Korean port and fishing port design standards are considered. However, this method is useful when setting the width of a waterway and waters near to a port, and when ships with various destinations are navigating a wide area, the ships must pass by each other, which can lead to economic losses.  
As one method of maritime traffic management, the setting of a traffic separation zone is frequently conducted at home and abroad. However, there is no unified guideline for the design of these traffic partitions, so they are set according to the subjective judgment of experts. Although there are some studies on reducing maritime accidents when setting up traffic partitions, there are few studies on design guidelines for traffic partitions [19]. In this chapter, we conducted an analysis of Korea's Traffic Separation Scheme and various route design standards for the basic survey of proper fairway width designs.