## 3 Results
In addition, the pre-treatment with asiatic acid increased the expression levels of active nuclear-localized sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (nSREBP-1); however, fatostatin, a suppressor of SREBP-1, reduced the levels of nSREBP-1 and 15d-PGJ2. The findings provided novel insights concerning the antifibrosis actions of asiatic acid, possibly involving PPAR-\(\gamma\)[62]. Chromium histidine and biotin are frequently utilized to promote health in athletes and to manage the blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. In this regard, a survey investigated the impacts of eight weeks of systematic exercise in rats combined with chromium histidine and biotin intake on glucose, lipid, and transaminase concentrations, and PPAR-\(\gamma\), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and NF-\(\kappa\)B protein expression [63]. Regular exercise has been shown to significantly reduce glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels. It also increases HDL lipoprotein levels [63]. In comparison with the exercise group, the co-treatment with dietary chromium histidine and biotin presented significant decreases in the glucose and TG concentration and an upregulation in HDL. Moreover, chromium histidine/biotin was found to improve the amounts of IRS-1, PPAR-\(\gamma\), and NF-\(\kappa\)B protein expression in the hepatic tissue and the muscle of inactive rodents and rodents following exercise regularly [63]. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone molecule found in the rind of _Citrusaurantum_ L. (Rutaceae). Some surveys have shown that hesperetin may have diverse beneficial health properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. In this context, hesperetin derivative-14 (HD-14) is a derived form of hesperetin with reduced lipophilicity and high bioavailability. In this regard, a survey showed that HD-14 (2 \(\mu\)M) substantially diminished the inflammatory process in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells [64]. In addition, HD-14 showed liver-protecting and anti-inflammation activities in C57 BL/6J mice with acute hepatic damage [65]. Interestingly, PPAR-\(\gamma\) knockdown with small interfering RNA showed pro-inflammation actions in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells, whereas PPAR-\(\gamma\) overexpression was related to anti-inflammation properties by reducing the expression of TNF-\(\alpha\), IL-6, and IL-1\(\beta\)[64]. Collectively, the above findings demonstrate that HD-14 reduces inflammation, at least partially, by activating PPAR-\(\gamma\) expression [64]. Further research supported the evidence that HD-14 significantly suppressed the expression of phospho-Janus kinase 1 (p-JAK1) and phosphor signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (p-STAT1), which may be involved in the development of the inflammation process, through the upregulation of PPAR-\(\gamma\). Therefore, HD-14 might be considered as a possible anti-inflammatory agent against acute hepatic injury [64]. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound that may exert multiple beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease, including the suppression of platelet adhesion and aggregation, decreased myocardium ischemia reperfusion damage, and neointimal hyperplasia inhibition of damaged vascular tissues [65]. In this regard, one trial evaluated the action of resveratrol on oxidative stress and endothelium progenitor cellular senescence, and its potential properties on the vascular preventive ability of endothelial progenitor cells [65]. There has been evidence that endothelial progenitor cells can promote the endothelial repair of a damaged artery [65]. Resveratrol reduced the endothelial progenitor cell oxidation response and inhibited endothelium progenitor cellular senescence through the PPAR-\(\gamma\)/heme oxygenase-1 signal handling path [65]. Furthermore, the Huangkui capsule (HKC), an extract of _Abelmoschus manilot_, has been shown to be clinically effective in the amelioration of renal inflammation and glomerular impairment in chronic nephropathy [66].