# Research on the Influence of Anxiety Psychology on Unsafe Behavior Among Construction Workers
## 2 Literature Review and Theoretical Model
### Mediating Roles of Organizational Climate, Safety Competency, and Job Satisfaction  
The organizational environment constitutes the primary context for construction workers' long-term engagement, where heightened organizational emphasis on safety--manifested through standardized safety education and robust safety protocols--correlates with increased worker safety awareness and reduced accident incidence [33]. Organizational climate exhibits a direct predictive relationship with safety behaviors, serving as one of the most critical antecedents of safe practices. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [34] developed a theoretical framework integrating interpersonal relationship theory and group dynamics, demonstrating that group safety climate significantly enhances workers' safety behaviors through SEM validation. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [35] conceptualized organizational climate, unsafe motivations, safety attitudes, safety competency, and unsafe behaviors as an interconnected system, employing structural equation modeling (SEM) and DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) methods to explore unsafe behavior mechanisms. Their findings delineate the pathways through which organizational climate influences safety behavior norms and propose targeted countermeasures. [PERSON] et al. [36] analyzed data from 119 supervisors and 536 workers across 22 Chinese construction projects using SEM, revealing that safety behaviors partially mediate the impact of safety climate on safety outcomes, while highlighting the necessity of prioritizing supervisors' mental health under high-pressure conditions. Social exchange theory posits that the organization-employee relationship operates on reciprocal exchanges: organizations provide supportive work environments, and employees reciprocate through productive contributions [37]. Discrepancies between organizational climate and worker expectations, however, may yield detrimental outcomes, undermining both safety performance and psychological well-being. Based on the above analysis, organizational climate is hypothesized to mediate the relationship between anxiety psychology and unsafe behaviors:  
**H2:**: _Organizational climate is negatively correlated with construction workers' unsafe behaviors._
**H3:**: _Organizational climate is negatively correlated with construction workers' anxiety psychology._
**H4:**: _Organizational climate mediates the relationship between anxiety psychology and unsafe behaviors._  
Safety competency encompasses the knowledge, cognitive abilities, technical skills, and physical fitness that enable workers to mitigate safety risks. The construction industry's complexity, high hazards, intense workloads, and prolonged operations necessitate strong safety competencies. [PERSON] et al. [38] classified safety competency into two dimensions--safety behavioral capacity and safety literacy--based on an analysis of construction workers' safety performance requirements. Broadly, safety competency encompasses three domains: safety cognition, job skills, and physical fitness. Research further indicates that safety competency--defined as the capacity of organizations or individuals to govern risks through intrinsic attributes such as knowledge, experience, skills, value orientations, and motivational drivers--requires systematic enhancement across three dimensions: safety knowledge acquisition, experiential learning, and skill mastery [39]. Within the construction industry's context of high-risk operations, complex environments, and intensive labor demands, this tripartite competency development framework is essential to meet workers'heightened safety requirements when addressing hazardous scenarios. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [40] conceptualize safety competency as a skill set integrating knowledge, expertise, and experience essential for safe task execution, which significantly influences safety behaviors through multifaceted mediating effects across structural and cognitive dimensions.