## 4 Results and Discussion
### Superimposing People's Perceptions on Space Syntax Results  
The results of the space syntax analysis provided valuable insights into where creativity can potentially occur according to the spatial structure of the campus masterplan. However, it is important to understand, through user perceptions, which campus public spaces have high or low opportunities for creative encounters. Therefore, the space syntax analysis (NACH R800m) was superimposed on the VGI perceptual data (Figure 6). The grey colour range represents the polygons drawn by the interviewees in Maptionnaire. The darker the colour, the greater the opportunity for _spontaneous encounters_, _socialization_, and _MPFOC_. The results show that the location of the urban functions-such as academic activities, cafes and restaurants-influence the choice of indoor or outdoor routes, as well as combined routes. For example, the users indicated a high potential for creativity through _socialisation_ and _spontaneous encounters_ around Landleven Street and the Duisenberg building, which are centrally located and have a mixed land use. For high opportunities for _MPFOC_, the users mainly indicated the Sports Centre as a favourite place. Therefore, if interactions between people are to generate new knowledge through creativity, it is likely to occur between people from the same institution (UG), clustered in the south of the campus.  
Figure 7 presents the interface between the space syntax and VGI perceptual data, categorised by (1) high VGI and high NACHR800m (red), (2) high VGI and low NACHR800m (yellow), (3) low VGI and high NACHR800m (blue), and (4) low VGI and low NACHR800m (grey). Although the grey category includes a considerable number of the segments, this research only focuses on spaces with high VGI or space syntax values. The results show that the public spaces (or segments) with the highest 'potential for creativity' belong to the red category, and that _spontaneous encounters_ and _socialisation_ are clustered around Landleven Street and the indoor and outdoor public spaces of the Duisenberg building. The opportunities for _MPFOC_ occur predominantly at the Sports Centre. These results confirm the research hypothesis, showing that a high potential for creativity occurs in public spaces that enable an interplay between the high potential for movement and co-presence and, at the same time, high opportunities for _spontaneous encounter_, _socialisation_ and _MPFOC_ (see Figure 3).  
For the yellow category (high VGI and low NACH R800m), the results show a few segments, which will be further addressed in the observation analysis. The blue category (low VGI and high NACH R800m) depicts a great number of segments. The high NACH R800m values essentially highlight the long and straight lines on the campus, which is a typical 'creative solution' for modernistic masterplans. However, for this category, only a few respondents drew polygons that overlap with high NACH R800m values. This is consistent with previous studies, which suggested that reducing places and a sense of place to syntactic properties might overlook social interactions, bodily presence, and the micro-morphology of public spaces [44; 45; 46].  
Figure 6: VGI perceptual data superimposed on NACH R800m.