## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Composition of Seed and Cone EOs  
The EOs isolated from hemlock seeds and cones were characterized by a yellowish color and an intense forest-like scent. The seed EO exhibited a fresher and greener odor due to its higher bornly acetate content. The yield of EOs was 0.1% for both seeds and cones, with the seed EO yield being lower compared to previous studies on _Abies_ or _Picea_ seed EOs [9; 13; 14]. There is no literature data on EO yield of Canadian hemlock seeds or cones. The observed EO yield of 0.1% for _T. canadensis_ is lower compared to other coniferous species belonging to _A. alba_ and _P. orientalis_, which is irrevocably attributed to plant genera related to shape of cones and seeds, geographical origin, seasonal variations, and EO isolation conditions. Environmental factors such as soil composition, altitude, and climate at the collection site likely impact EO production, while seasonal fluctuations in secondary metabolism could explain yield differences in many plant genera. Additionally, the use of hydrodistillation may not fully optimize yield, as conditions like temperature and duration can affect EO recovery and thermolabile compound preservation. Table 1 presents the detailed composition of the EOs. Using the GC-FID-MS method it was possible to identified nearly 100 volatiles in examined EOs. In the seed oil, the major components were bornly acetate (41.4%), camphene (11.7%), and \(\alpha\)-pinene (10.2%). In contrast, the cone oil was primarily composed of myrcene (23.1%), \(\alpha\)-pinene (22.9%), and \(\beta\)-pinene (19.6%). Notably, bornly acetate, a significant component of the seed oil, was present in much lower amounts in the cone oil (7.1%). The identified compounds accounted for 99.1% and 99.7% of the total composition in the seed and cone oils, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Compound** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Seeds** \\ **[\%]** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Cones** \\ **[\%]** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **RI\({}_{\text{exp.}}\)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **RI\({}_{\text{lit.}}\)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
1 & Tricylene & 5.4 & 1.5 & 916 & 927 \\
2 & \(\beta\)-Thujene & 0.1 & 0.1 & 921 & 932 \\
3 & \(\alpha\)-Pinene & 10.2 & 22.9 & 931 & 936 \\
4 & Camphene & 11.7 & 3.9 & 940 & 950 \\
5 & Thuja-2,4(10)-diene & 0.0 & 0.6 & 943 & 957 \\
6 & Sabinene & 0.3 & 0.0 & 970 & 973 \\
7 & \(\beta\)-pinene & 1.3 & 19.6 & 973 & 978 \\
8 & Myrcene & 0.6 & 23.1 & 985 & 987 \\
9 & \(\alpha\)-Phellandrene & 0.3 & 2.8 & 995 & 1002 \\
10 & \(\delta\)-Car-3-ene & tr & 0.0 & 1005 & 1010 \\
11 & \(\alpha\)-Terpinene & tr & 0.2 & 1006 & 1013 \\
12 & p-Cymene & 0.7 & 1.8 & 1009 & 1015 \\
13 & Limonene & 0.3 & 3.1 & 1018 & 1020 \\
14 & \(\beta\)-Phellandrene & 1.3 & 1.7 & 1019 & 1025 \\
15 & \(\gamma\)-Terpinene & 0.1 & 0.2 & 1046 & 1051 \\
16 & _trans_-Sabinene hydrate & 0.1 & tr & 1053 & 1053 \\
17 & Camphenilone & tr & tr & 1058 & 1058 \\
18 & \(\alpha\)-Pinene epoxide & 0.2 & tr & 1063 & 1071 \\
19 & Campholen-6-ol & tr & 0.1 & 1065 & 1074 \\
20 & p-Cymenene & tr & tr & 1068 & 1075 \\
21 & Terpinolene & 0.1 & 0.4 & 1075 & 1082 \\
22 & _cis_-Sabinene hydrate & 0.1 & 0.0 & 1079 & 1082 \\
23 & Linallol & 0.1 & tr & 1082 & 1086 \\
24 & Perillene & 0.1 & 0.1 & 1084 & 1090 \\
25 & \(\alpha\)-Fenchol & tr & 0.1 & 1093 & 1086 \\
26 & \(\alpha\)-Campholanal & 0.3 & 0.3 & 1099 & 1105 \\
27 & _trans_-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol & 0.1 & 0.1 & 1100 & 1113 \\
28 & _trans_-p-Menth-2-en-1-ol & 0.1 & 0.1 & 1102 & 1116 \\
29 & Camphor & 0.3 & 0.1 & 1114 & 1123 \\
30 & _trans_-Pinocarveol & 0.7 & 0.0 & 1120 & 1126 \\
31 + 32 & _trans_-Pinocarveol + _cis_-Verbenol & 0.0 & 1.5 & 1119 & 1126 + 1132 \\
32 & _cis_-Verbenol & 0.3 & 0.0 & 1121 & 1132 \\
33 & _trans_-Verbenol & 1.8 & 0.3 & 1124 & 1136 \\
34 & p-Mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol & 0.0 & 0.3 & 1126 & 1136 \\
35 & Pinocarvone & 0.1 & 0.3 & 1133 & 1136 \\
36 & _cis_-Sabinol & tr & tr & 1139 & 1140 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}