# Technical-Tactical Analysis of Corner Kicks in Male Soccer: A Systematic Review
## 4 Discussion
### Qualitative Synthesis
#### 4.1.3 Outcome  
[PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] found that for direct corner kicks, the first player to touch the ball after the execution is most likely to be the goalkeeper (23.9%), the defender (28.1%), or the attacker (48.0%). In contrast, [PERSON] et al. [37] found these probabilities to be 16%, 44%, and 31%, respectively. Regarding the body part that makes the first contact after direct corners, it appears to be the head [4; 33], unaffected by the match status [10]. Research indicates that corners result in a final attempt (without a goal) in 20.7-31.2% of cases [5; 9; 11; 14; 15; 20; 32; 33]. The highest rates of final attempts occur in the central area between the six-yard box and the penalty spot, as well as in front of the near post within the six-yard box [5; 34]. [PERSON] et al. [32] reported no significant relationship between the marking system or the positioning of defenders at the posts and the number of final attempts. In contrast, [PERSON] et al. [5] observed that outswinging corners resulted in significantly more final attempts compared to inswinging deliveries. [PERSON] et al. [33], using multivariate analysis, found that the probability of producing a shot or a shot on target increased when three or four attackers were involved, when attacks were dynamic, and when the ball was delivered indirectly to the far post. They also observed that shots on target from corner kicks were more frequent during the first and last 30 min of a match. Additionally, corners taken with the same foot as the side of the pitch, or deliveries aimed at the far post, were more likely to result in a shot. The percentage of corners that result in goals ranges from 2.2% to 4.43% [5; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 14; 17; 18; 20; 32; 33; 34]. An exception was found in the study by [PERSON] et al. [37], which reported a rate of 6%, but this study was not conducted at a professional level (Portugal Championship, third national division). Goals from corners appear to be more frequent in the last two quarters of the match [4; 33], particularly after the 70 th min [17], although [PERSON], et al. [14] found similar success rates between the 45 and 60 min mark. Notably, [PERSON] [17] found that the success rate increases in corner kicks taken after the 90 th min (i.e., stoppage time). [PERSON] and [PERSON] [9] and [PERSON] et al. [21] found that most goals came from inswinging corners, but [PERSON] et al. [5] and [PERSON] et al. [7] did not find a statistically significant difference between inswinging and outswinging corners. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. [14] found that the most effective delivery was natural, meaning a right-footed kick from the right side or a left-footed kick from the left side. Regarding the zone from which goals originate, most goals came from the center of the 18-yard box and the first goalpost [5; 9; 32; 34]. [PERSON] et al. [7], who conducted a large-scale study analyzing 455,898 corner kicks, found that most goals were scored near the near-post area, specifically in the space between the goal area and the penalty spot. However, since this was also the zone with the highest number of deliveries, the analysis ultimately showed that the area with the highest goal-to-delivery ratio was the far-post zone--particularly within the goal area. Nevertheless, the authors did not clarify whether the ball was delivered directly to this zone or if a first touch by an attacker at the near post preceded the goal. Furthermore, most goals are scored by the winning teams [14], the home teams [21], and when the score is tied [18; 21]. Finally, only two studies have focused on the continuation of play after a corner kick when the defending team regains possession. [PERSON] et al. [5] found that the probability of a counterattack increases significantly for corners executed in the goalkeeping zone compared to those executed in the near post zone, whereas [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] found no significant association between match status and subsequent play.