## 2 Material and Methods  
### Data Gathering and Editing  
A search for genomic regions associated with behavioral traits in cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep was conducted using the Animal QTL database (Animal QTLdb; www.animalgenome.org/cgi-bin/QTLdb/index; accessed date: 1 February 2020), National Center for Biotechnology Information (PubMed; www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/; accessed date: 1 February 2020), and Google Scholar ([[https://scholar.google.com](https://scholar.google.com)]([https://scholar.google.com](https://scholar.google.com)); accessed date: 2 January 2020) web search engines. The search queries consisted of combinations of keywords based on the following criteria: species term (e.g., bovine, cattle, caprine, goat, swine, pig, ovine, sheep); type of analysis [e.g., candidate genes, genome-wide association, gene expression, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), single-step GWAS (ssGWAS)]; and trait-related term (e.g., aggression, behavior, chute score, courtship, cortisol, dominant, docility, exit velocity, flight, fearfulness, grazing, infanticide, learning ability, locomotion, lesion score, pen score, savaging, stress, social, sociability, struggle, speed, sucking behavior, temperament, tameness, time spent, tail biting, welfare). A file compiling all genomic regions associated with any previously defined species and behavior-related traits was downloaded from the Animal QTLdb (www.animalgenome.org/cgi-bin/QTLdb/index; accessed date: 1 February 2020). Various keyword combinations were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar, such as \"('bovine' AND 'GWAS' AND 'behavior') OR ('cattle' AND 'GWAS' AND 'behavior')\". All genomic regions reported in peer-reviewed scientific papers, conference proceeding papers, and theses from the three web search engines were summarized. The genomic regions reported as candidate in association with the target traits were catalogued and, thus, no statistical test was provided in all the studies. Furthermore, the relevance criterion for genomic regions varied across studies (e.g., [PERSON] et al. [55] selected genomic regions with largest effects while [PERSON] et al. [53] used a \(p\)-value criterium). Ideally, a meta-analysis using the summary statistics for all markers included in all the studies should be performed. However, this information was not available. We recommend that future studies report the summary statistics for all SNP markers and not only the significant regions. Beforehand, no behavioral studies at the genomic level were found for goats.  
After gathering all genomic regions associated with behavioral traits, a quality control procedure was performed. The first control consisted of removing redundant studies published by the same author set and using the same dataset and methodologies. The priority order was peer-reviewed paper, thesis, and conference proceeding papers (peer-reviewed, but not yet reported as a full paper). Subsequently, genomic regions were retained if there was at least one of the following information: labelled genomic region (i.e., gene name; gene Ensembl identification; single nucleotide polymorphism identification; microsatellite identification that renders a genome coordinate in base pair (bp) unit), or genomic region annotated in physical map (i.e., in bp). Lastly, genomic regions with the differ ence between start and end chromosome position lower than one mega base pair (Mbp; 1 Mbp = 1,000,000 bp) remained for further analyses. The systematic review scheme is presented in Figure 1. Please note that no studies were found for goats (i.e., thus not included in the illustrative scheme).