## 3 The Ontology Conceptualization  
The goal of the proposed SPO ontology is to ensure a formal, computer-readable representation of the strategic planning process, development priorities, specific goals, and answers to questions such as _what_ development priorities are (strategic elements), _how_ they will be implemented (action plan elements), _who_ is responsible for their implementation (action plan elements), and _where_ and _why_ they are being implemented in the first place (strategic elements).  
To build the ontology, we used the Methontology methodology [6], and the Protege editor [31] was used to create machine-readable ontologies. The OWL language [32] was used to formalize the SPO ontology. SPARQL [33], both language and protocol, are used for ontology prompts and Pellet [34] was used for reasoning.  
We used the ontology for SP process [7] as the basis for the ontology construction. The semantic representation of the SWOT analysis from [7] as a part of the strategic planning process is extended with the ontology concepts of the regional administrative bodies and development funds given in [35]. To ensure the basis for the ontology-driven simulation method for assessing economic impact, the SPO ontology was annotated with multipliers obtained from the economic impact model described by the Australian Institute for Social Research [24].  
The taxonomy of the main concepts of the SPO ontology that semantically represents an SP process and the planning strategy is shown in Figure 1. These concepts are connected to the _is-a_ relations.  
The ontology proposed by [7] is extended as follows:  
Figure 1: SPO ontology.  
To ensure the necessary elements for the impact analysis model construction, geographical, industrial, and business sector data should be provided. To fulfill this, we extend the ontology from [7] with an ontological concept that describes the spatial aspect of the analyzed domain, which includes populated areas and their administrative organization (city, county, and municipality). The concept of _Regional_environment_ is illustrated in Figure 2.  
As shown in Figure 2, the _Environment_information_ concept provides geographical data that will be used by the impact analysis model.  
Next, we extend the _Environment_information_ concept using the concepts of _Economy_environment_ and _Social_environment_. These two concepts describe the socio-economic parameters of the relevant region and business sector data. They provide insight into the current state and enable the identification of problems and limits of development. This extension is illustrated in Figure 3.  
The _agent_ concept from [7] represents the stakeholders involved in the SP process. To ensure the semantic representation of the state and local government, we created the _Public_authority_ concept. The _agent_ concept from [7] was extended to the created _Public_authority_ concept (Figure 4).  
The _priority_ concept defines the priority levels of the chosen strategic objectives and grades every priority level. In this way, the ontology is enabled to grade the priorities of the objectives. The priorities should be given by professionals after assessing the economic impact of the selected strategic goals and objectives. This ontological concept predicts four priority levels (_LowPriority_, _MiddlePriority_, _HighPriority_, and _TopPriority_), and every level has been assigned a value. The priority assessment and priority index value procedure are  
Figure 4: _Agent_ concept.  
Figure 3: _Environment_information_ concept.  
described in detail in the following section. The concept _action_ from [7] was extended using the _priority_ concept (Figure 5).  
The ontology in [7] was extended using the _multiplier_ concept. The _multiplier_ concept represents an I/O multiplier, and its values are obtained from the economic impact analysis of the analyzed region (Figure 6).  
In Table 1 the object properties and instances of the concepts with which the ontology from [7] is extended are shown.