## 6 Conclusions  
The degrees of surface deformation that were analyzed by means of Sentinel-1 satellite images with the ASF HyP3 program available on the Alaska Satellite Facility's WEB portal, to generate the DInSAR multi-temporal series between the years 2014 and 2021 in the ascending and descending satellite trajectories, describe clear patterns of surface displacement. Within the multi-temporal analysis, it was observed that the surfaces for the evaluated period have reached a positive phase (uplift) up to 117.5 mm (LOS-ascending) or 49.3 mm (LOS-descending) and a negative phase (subsidence) up to \(-86.2\) mm (LOS-ascending) or \(-71.5\) mm (LOS-descending), with a behavior that is mostly seen as oscillating. These changes in surface deformation are directly related to the seismic activity present in the study region, where it was possible to correlate the activity of the surface seismic event (\(\geq\)4 Mw; \(\leq\)50 km), the focal mechanism and the tectonic or structural environment with the degree of displacement and the satellite trajectory that observed it. At the same time, deep seismic activity (\(\geq\)5 Mw; \(\geq\)50 km) was also analyzed, because some segments within the multi-temporal analysis did not show a causative factor of this deformation. In response, it was observed that deep seismic activity is generating subtle changes in the surface in the order of \(\pm\)20 mm a condition that is evidenced recurrently due to the repetitive action that is exerted by its proximity to the tectonic environment of the Seismic Nest of Bucaramanga. This constant action of the changes in the behavior of the displacement exerted by these two sectors (surface and deep) creates conditions of tension stress on the rock massif,  
Figure 10: Linear least-squares regression between the total displacement in which the mass movement occurs and the number of mass movements for each satellite direction in LOS. comprising mostly igneous and metamorphic rocks, which favors the generation of planes of weakness that can manifest as micro-fissures or fractures in the rock that can later enable the generation of a mass movement. From the present study, it can be observed that the displacement in the direction of LOS-descending presents an almost linear relationship with the number of mass movements generated, clarifying that the generated linear function does not represent an action of the number of mass movements per generated displacement. This action of the deformation of the surfaces is framed in an indirect way with the generation of mass movements (action as a trigger), since it is generating conditions of instability on the surface that are later exploited by the effect of a trigger (e.g., rainfalls). On the other hand, from the correlation between the sequences of interferograms evaluated only on the dates of generation of mass movements, it was observed that the average deformation rates are between \(18.2\) mm and \(-21.1\) mm for LOS-ascending and \(13.9\) mm and \(-21\) mm for LOS-descending, in addition to the fact that the largest number of events occur in a subsidence phase associated with an oblique structural style. Therefore, the analysis of surface deformation would remain as an inherent factor of the terrain, as it is a condition of vital importance, since it provides the possibility of observing this behavior, giving the capacity for an early response both in time and in the sectors that present a maximum of deformation. This allows for the formulation of strategies and actions for possible mass movements within risk management plans, where a continuous process can also be established for the analysis of satellite images, thus providing positive feedback for the system. However, the acquisition of higher precision data by means of a GNSS system for the study region would greatly improve the quality of the degrees of surface deformation, as it would provide the opportunity to generate real-time data series that could be correlated in a timely manner with the seismic record.