## 4 Conclusions  
The study recapitulates and synthesises the results of predictions using the energy density and effort factor to explore the rockburst and seismic hazard in panel XVII/1 in the copper mine Rudna. The main objective was the back-analysis of the potentials of activating burst-prone layers in the main roof formations to highlight the origins and underlying causes of two registered rockbursts triggered by high-energy tremors. The provided analyses leads us to the following conclusions:  
1. The level of mining-induced seismicity during the mining operations was relatively high, showing a gradual increase in quantitative terms, revealing cyclical fluctuations in terms of energy release. Registered rockbursts were triggered by strong tremors whose epicentres were, to a large extent, located in the vicinity of the gob boundary and development works; only in a few cases were they located in the neighbourhood of tectonic faults of small downthrow.
2. At the time the two analysed rockbursts occurred, the main roof layers with a high rockbursting potential (including the anhydrite layers) were strongly deformed as a result of mining of the adjoining panels and due to the presence of vast areas of development openings and splitting pillars within the working zone in panel XVII/1. Furthermore, the structure of burst-prone formations might have been disturbed by dynamic interactions due to previous mining-induced seismicity, particularly high-energy seismic events.
3. The zones of shear strain elastic energy density concentration and maximal values of the effort factor derived by numerical modelling are located on the face range, encompassing the areas overlying the uncut sections of the orebody adjacent to old excavations and development sites.
4. The result of the back analysis and predictions have confirmed that the state of stress and strain in roof strata was nonuniform, locally most unfavourable. In the context of mining-induced seismicity, the anomaly zones in graphic representation would correspond with locations of epicentres of rockburst-triggering tremors.
5. The two high-energy rockburst events in the energy class of 5.1 \(\times\) 10\({}^{7}\) J and 1.5 \(\times\) 10\({}^{8}\) J can presumably be attributed to critical efforting of the rock strata due to progressing rock fracturing on the horizon of strongly deformed anhydrite formations. Identification of the underlying causes of these events allowed the plans of further mining operations to be verified accordingly. The implemented technical solutions proved to be justified and produced the desired effects limiting the mining-induced seismicity both in quantitative terms and in terms of energy release.  
In sum, it appears that predictions and forecasts underpinned by less complex geochemical models, when supported by ongoing geophysical observations, can be considered as a reliable source of information about the strata behaviour in the conditions of continuing underground mining operations, and can be effectively used in evaluations of the seismic and rockburst hazard levels. They provide the backgrounds for developing effective measures aimed at an optimal selection of the room and-pillar system components, as well as preventive measures and rockburst control strategies.  
D.C.: research/paper idea, data analysis and verification, stress state analytical modelling, results comparison, conclusions and final editing; Z.B.: data collecting and preliminary analysis, seismicity parameters calculation/processing, results visualisation and draft text editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** The research was funded by AGH University of Krakow; subsidy numbers 16.16.100.215.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Data are contained within the article.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.