# The Analysis of Key Technologies for Sustainable Machine Tools Design
## 4 Strategies and Technologies for Sustainable Design of Machine Tools
### Other Technologies  
With the development of high-speed networking and smart manufacturing technology, there are new requirements for machine tool design in real-time signal monitoring related to the machine state [126], real-time early warning system [127]. For instance, the 5G network not only assists the establishment of machine tool system wireless monitoring platform, but also promotes real-time signal characteristics capture related to energy efficiency increasing [128]. Big data analytics for kinds of machine tools could also support the future design improvement and innovation, which already has application in sustainable smart manufacturing [129]. In short, new network techniques will be inevitable for accelerating the realization of sustainable machine tools design in industry field. The intelligent design of machine tools is mainly reflected in state monitoring, maintenance, and diagnostics through wireless method. [PERSON] et al. [130] proposes the concept, characteristics, and systemic structure of the Intelligent Machine Tool, which presents detailed technology information. Figure 9 shows the integration process of intelligent technology and machine tools. Intelligent techniques could assist designers to extract the potential improvement information related to sustainable machine tool design, especially for CNC machine, which includes the big data monitoring from the control system such as applied widely Siemens series, FANUC Fanuc. The important step for achieving intelligence manufacturing is the how to obtain real-time monitoring data involving the data acquisition using standard communication interface, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and electrical circuit methods; data wrapping and transmission bus, operation and storage [131]. Nevertheless, the intelligence goal should be considered in the design process of the structure, control system, and sensor installation to enhance the function of machine tools. Smart sensor design for structural components of machine tools as a crucial step must be taken into account under the condition of keeping the reliability of data [132] and enhancing signal quality like capacitive displacement measurements [133]. Additionally, the process of integrating intelligence into machine tools design contributes to making decisions in the sustainable machining planning [134]. [PERSON] et al. [135] reviewed the role of artificial intelligence algorithms on smart machine tools, which could be a reference for sustainable machine tools. Therefore, intelligence techniques will become the essential part of sustainable machine tool design for obtaining real-time monitoring data like energy consumption, cutting temperature, noise, tool wear and so on. They promote the application of sustainable machine tools in the field of sustainable manufacturing, smart manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, and the smart factory. In all, the application of intelligent technology in sustainable machine tools should consider the following aspects: sensors selection with high reliability, data acquisition, wrapping and transmission bus, storage, and data handling with artificial intelligence algorithms. Meanwhile, the installation position of sensors must be determined due to the limitation of space. In the other aspect, there are also techniques improving function reconfiguration, control systems with networks [136], stiffness, and high precision. The manufacturing process of key components also has a significant role in sustainable machine tool design and manufacturing, like the bearing manufacturing process [137]. The optimization of moving component like the guideway and spindle system could decrease energy consumption by reducing mass with new structure or material [138]. Technological innovation for MT design concentrating on increasing productivity is still an important research direction as a main driver.