# Study on the Law of Mine Pressure Manifestation in Three-Soft Coal Seam Isolated Working Face
## 5 Simulation Study of Mine Pressure Law in Gudao Working Face
### Stress Distribution and Deformation Characteristics of Roadway Surrounding Rock During Mining  
In the mining process of an isolated island working face, working face mining has a significant impact on the stability of surrounding rock. In the process of mining, the stress of the surrounding rock is redistributed, which leads to the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock present a complex spatio-temporal evolution law. Studying the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of roadway surrounding rock not only helps to reveal the response mechanism of surrounding rock but also provides  
Figure 9: Original computational model. (**a**) Three-dimensional model stereogram, (**b**) coal seam cross-section diagram of 3D model. a theoretical basis for roadway support optimization and safety management. The vertical stress results under different propulsion distances are shown in Table 3. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Advance Distance (m)** & **Stress Distribution Characteristics** & **Peak Stress** & **Change Trend and Analysis** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{0–40 m} & The vertical stress increases rapidly, especially at both ends and in front of the mining work, forming a saddle-shaped stress distribution & Head end: 38.2 MPa; Middle section: 14.3 MPa & The stress distribution at the end and the middle is extremely uneven with obvious stress concentration at the end. Special attention should be paid to the support and pressure control at the end. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{40–80 m} & The vertical stress increases the fastest, and the stress change in the coal body is the most intense & End: higher; Middle: lower & The stress growth rate reaches its peak, and the rapidly increasing stress requires enhanced support at the ends and optimized mining layout to cope with the drastic pressure increase. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Summary of vertical stresses at different propulsion distances. Figure 10: Formation process of island working face. (**a**) Post-mining at face 8212, (**b**) post-mining at face 8214. Figure 11 illustrates the vertical stress distribution of the isolated working face at different advancement distances, revealing that the overall surrounding rock structure exhibits a \"C\"-shaped stope characteristic under the conditions of goaf on both sides of the working face. This structure forms due to the stress distribution caused by the interaction of gravity and geomechanics during the mining process of the isolated working face and its upper and lower sections. When the isolated working face begins to retreat, the vertical stress within the coal body increases rapidly, particularly at both ends of the working face and the front area of the retreating face. These locations become stress concentration points, displaying a saddle-shaped stress distribution. When the island working face is advanced to 40 m, the vertical stress of the two ends reaches the peak value of 38.2 MPa, while the peak value of the stress in the middle of the working face is relatively low, which is 14.3 MPa. This difference indicates that the stress distribution at the end and middle of the slope is very uneven in the early stage of stope advancement. With the further advance of the working surface, the change in the vertical stress shows a certain regularity. When the working face is pushed from 40 m to 80 m, the growth rate of vertical stress reaches the highest, which reflects that the stress change in the coal body is the most intense at this stage. When the advancing distance increased to 160 m, the peak value of vertical stress at each position of the whole working face increased, indicating that the pressure on the working face increased with the extension of the stope. However, there are differences in the rate of stress change at different locations. When the working face advances to 200 m, the peak vertical stress at the ends begins to decline, falling below the peak observed at 160 m of advancement.