# Consumer Characterization of Wet- and Dry-Aged Mutton Flavor Profile Using Check-All-That-Apply
## 3 Results
### Chemical Analysis Results
#### 3.4.3 Volatile Analysis Results  
Table 6 summarizes the effect of ageing method on the volatile concentration. For the aldehydes in general, the dry-aged treatment had higher concentrations of aldehydes than the wet-aged treatment (\(p<0.05\) for all), with the exception of 3-metylbutanal, (E)-2-octenal and tridecanal, where there was no difference in concentration between wet- and dry-aged treatment (\(p>0.05\) for all), and (E)-2-heptenal, which was higher in the wet-aged treatment compared to dry-aged (\(p=0.001\)). For the detected alcohols, all but 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol were higher in the dry-aged treatment compared to the wet-aged treatment (\(p<0.05\) for all). The alkanes nonane, decane, unadecane, dodecane and tridecane were all found at higher concentration in the dry-aged treatment compared to wet-aged treatment (\(p<0.05\) for all). The aromatic hydrocarbons benzeneacetaldehyde and p-cresol were higher in the dry-aged treatment, while 1_A_-dimethylbenzene (p-xylene) and acetophenone were higher in the wet-aged treatment (\(p<0.05\)). Concentrations of 2-ethylfuran and 2-pentylfuran were higher in the dry-aged treatment (\(p<0.05\) for both). Ketone concentrations were generally higher in the dry-aged treatment (\(p<0.001\) for all), with the exception of 1-octen-3-one, which was higher in the wet-aged treatment (\(p=0.003\)). For the indoles, only skatole (3-methylindole) was detected and then only in the wet-aged sample. For the organic acids, ethyl-butanoate was higher in the dry-aged treatment (\(p=0.001\)), while hexanoic and octanoic acid were higher in the wet-aged treatment (\(p=0.005\) and \(0.022\), respectively). All pyrazines and 2-acetylpyrrole were higher in the dry-aged treatment compared to the wet-aged (\(p<0.05\) for all), with the exception of methyl-pyrazine. Dimethyl disulfide was higher in the wet-aged treatment (\(p=0.001\)) and 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline was higher in the dry-aged treatment (\(p<0.001\)). \(\alpha\)-Terpineol was higher in the dry-aged sample (\(p=0.011\)), while neophytadiene concentrations did not differ between treatments (\(p=0.54\)). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Fatty Acid Methyl Ester mg/g** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Wet-Aged**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Dry-Aged**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**t\({}_{2}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} \\
**Meat** & **Mean** & **S.D.** & **Mean** & **S.D.** & **t\({}_{2}\)** & \(p\)**-Value** \\ \hline Methyl octanoate (C8:0) & nd 1  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{nd} & & & \\ Methyl decanoate (C10:0) & 0.263 & 0.000 & 0.370 & 0.004 & 36.7 & 0.001 \\ Methyl laurate (C12:0) & 0.144 & 0.000 & 0.365 & 0.004 & 75.0 & \textless{}0.001 \\ Methyl tetradecanoate (C14:0) & 2.30 & 0.003 & 4.73 & 0.089 & 38.4 & 0.001 \\ Methyl palmitate (C16:0) & 17.4 & 0.023 & 30.9 & 0.588 & 32.4 & 0.001 \\ Methyl palmitoteate (C16:1) & 1.58 & 0.003 & 3.92 & 0.071 & 46.7 & \textless{}0.001 \\ Methyl octadecanoate (C18:0) & 16.6 & 0.020 & 4.92 & 0.167 & \textless{}98.7 & \textless{}0.001 \\ Cis-9-oleic acid methyl ester & & 35.8 & 0.045 & 16.4 & 0.241 & \textless{}112 & \textless{}0.001 \\ (C18:1) & & 0.009 & 5.04 & 0.094 & 58.1 & \textless{}0.001 \\ Methyl linoleate (C18:3) & 0.127 & 0.000 & 0.129 & 0.001 & 4.45 & 0.047 \\ Methyl arachidonicate (C20:0) & 1.31 & 0.002 & 2.14 & 0.038 & 30.8 & 0.001 \\ Methyl docosanoate (C22:0) & 0.446 & 0.002 & 0.441 & 0.005 & \textless{}1.21 & ns 2  \\ Methyl circate (C22:1) & nd & & nd & & & & \\ Methyl linoacetate (C24:0) & nd & & nd & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Effect of ageing method (dry vs. wet) on fatty acid methyl ester concentration (mg/g) in raw mutton patties, standard deviation (s.d. ), t-value (t) with subscript degrees of freedom and statistical significance (\(p\)-value).