## 4 Results II--Review of Research Clusters
### Cluster 2: Human Factors  
In any field, the impact of human factors can be reflected in accidents. [PERSON] et al. (2023) [60] systematically analyzed human factors involved in accidents in aviation and maritime sectors, demonstrating that classification and structuring of these human factors can contribute to accident prevention. When focusing on human-centered safety and accidents on fishing vessels, it is evident that various factors can influence human behavior, such as human error, perceived risk, organizational and social factors, and working environment. This cluster includes studies that analyze and research the resulting damages and accidents, and this section aims to review related research on this topic. Human behavior can be a crucial factor when analyzing the causes of accidents, as individuals act based on their psychological state and perception. Additionally, their behavior is significantly influenced by organizational, social, and cultural factors. The study by [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2007) [21] aimed to analyze accident risks on small fishing vessels and offshore service vessels in the Norwegian maritime industry, evaluating the impact of risk perception on accident behaviors. Through the analysis of accident statistics, surveys, interviews, and field observations, the relationship between risk perception and risk behaviors was comprehensively assessed. The study found a significant discrepancy between the official risk estimates and the crew's subjective risk perception on both fishing and service vessels. In particular, crew members on small fishing vessels tended to underestimate the perceived risk despite high objective risk levels, which appeared as part of their risk-avoidance and coping strategies during work. This phenomenon was influencedby the working environment and cultural factors, indicating that risk perception might not be a reliable indicator of the organizational safety level. [PERSON] et al. (2017) [28] analyzed the working environment and health conditions of Norwegian fishing vessel crews, investigating the primary accident causes and risk factors in the working environment. The study collected data from 830 full-time fishermen through phone surveys and evaluated the relationship between various occupational risk exposures and health conditions using Relative Risk (RR) analysis. The results showed that coastal fishermen were exposed to higher risks due to climatic, ergonomic, and work-processing conditions, leading to more musculoskeletal problems and a higher rate of sickness absence. The study concluded that long-term health promotion programs and the adoption of safety technologies are needed to improve the working environment for fishermen. Although the study systematically analyzed risk perceptions and health conditions under various working conditions, it had limitations due to the subjective biases inherent in survey-based research. The suggested improvement was to conduct a comprehensive research approach that includes field observations for an objective risk assessment, thereby developing tailored health promotion strategies. [PERSON] et al. (2021) [37] used the OOBN technique to analyze the causes and risk factors of man-overboard (MOB) incidents on small fishing vessels and derive risk control measures. The study quantitatively evaluated MOB scenarios and identified risk factors through literature reviews, accident report analysis, and expert opinions. The OOBN model was used to assess the dependencies and interactions between these factors, with key risk factors identified as the lack of safety gear, working under the influence of alcohol, and working near low guardrails. The proposed model quantitatively predicts accident probabilities and evaluates risk control options based on the results. However, more scenarios need to be considered to account for diverse situations, and empirical validation in various fishing environments would be necessary to complement the model.