# State of Industry 5.0--Analysis and Identification of Current Research Trends
## 3 Data Analysis and Discussion
### Frequently Used Terms Extraction from the Data  
Term extraction and frequency analysis is focused on pinpointing the relevant terms in each collection of text. Identifying the unique terms with statistical techniques such as calculating relative term frequency among the documents in a dataset enables better understanding of the information provided from the text [18]. The Inverse Documentation Frequency (IDF) measure is a widely utilized method for determining the contribution of terms. The greatest advantage of IDF is that it can aid in determining the influence of term in a group of given documents by identifying the frequency of term in a document and the number of times it occurs in a document [18,19]. When it comes to \"low\" and \"high\"  
Figure 1: Framework used for the analysis of Industry 5.0 abstracts. IDF values, low values represent less informative terms appearing in several documents, and high values represent more informative terms appearing in only a few documents. In this paper, frequency analysis was utilized to identify the primary terms associated with Industry 5.0. Table 3 represents the top 20 frequently observed terms in the data along with their corresponding frequency. The term \"Industrial Revolution\" was observed to occur the most in the database. This is indeed expected since Industry 5.0 is referred quite often to as the fifth industrial revolution. Several publications in the data gathered use this term in comparing the different industrial revolutions throughout the years. Industry 5.0, just as past industrial revolutions, is predicted to have major impacts on the dynamics of socio-economic systems more specifically to have a large impact in industrial production systems [20]. The term \"Artificial Intelligence\" is observed to have the second highest count. Artificial intelligence seems to be one of the central components of Industry 5.0, mostly addressed for automating manufacturing processes, furthering the primary focus of cooperation between man and machine [21]. The term with the third highest count was \"Supply Chain.\" This is highly significant since it is believed that Industry 5.0 will influence supply chains to an unprecedented level. The trends for Industry 5.0 supply chains include the incorporation of collaborative robots (co-bots), intelligent systems, mass personalization, and mass customization [22]. The term with the fourth highest count is \"Big Data.\" Big Data is integral to Industry 5.0. It is believed that Industry 5.0 will introduce new innovations in management framework that takes Big Data into consideration. Furthermore, Big Data will be crucial for reaping the maximum benefit of Industry 5.0 such as modern technologies and new innovations in Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence [23]. The term \"Digital Transformation\" has the fifth highest count. This follows the prediction that Industry 5.0 will bring about a transformation towards digital platforms and a digital economy. In all, it is predicted that there will be a digital ecosystem, an open, distributed, self-organizing, system of system. The intention of this digital transformation is to unite subsystems to provide a common information space with access to a rich set of re-usable applied services that can support resource planning and control in real time. The digital transformation for Industry 5.0 should also provide standard access to cloud resources and services and to data perceived by external smart sensor networks [24]. The use of terms \"manufacture industry\", \"production system\", and \"manufacture system\" are centered on the dialogue from the