# The Role of Transliterated Words in Linking Bilingual News Articles in an Archive
## 1 Introduction  
A plethora of digital information is available from many sources, and the WWW (World Wide Web) is growing rapidly and is an essential and fragile source. According to a study, Google and Bing indexed about 5.47 billion web pages [1]. Search engines index and store approximately one hundred million gigabytes of digital information, and hundreds of gigabytes are added every day [2; 3]. The web's fragile nature prompts them to disappear digital information quickly. Most of the digital information disappears, as much as eighty percent (80%) of webpages become unavailable after one year, and thirteen percent (13%) of references to scholarly articles and web links appear broken over a period of 27 months [3; 4]. According to a Google survey, the people using Google search engine expect to load a webpage within two seconds, and they abandon it if it takes more than three seconds. The question remains as to how it will be if the webpage is not accessible at all [5]. Thus, information fragility causes this valuable information to vanish and become unavailable. The worst-case may be the inaccessibility or loss of digital objects from online sources providing this information. Numerous different resources provide a variety of information to users. Digital information must be protected from being lost and preserved in a centralized or local digital collection [1]. A digital collection with a considerable volume ischallenging to utilize and manage, whether online or offline, such as digital archives or any digital library. A massive collection of online digital information for web users is available, including news articles, research articles, hotels, restaurants, blogs, movies, and opinions on various products in the form of forms or books, etc. However, the information provided by the news is one of the important types covering different aspects of life and an established source of knowing history. News is instantly generated activity published online, but the lifespan is very short. Hence, it is required to preserve this digital news for use in the future and ensure that the news remains accessible, usable, and available, as long as they are conceived as important [6]. There are many approaches introduced that preserve digital information, such as the preservation of research data [7] and the model migration approach that preserves databases [8]. However, the preservation of news is complicated and has many challenges because it is not easy to access related news articles from multi-source and multi-lingual news archives such as a Digital News Stories Archive [9]. The metadata helps to organize digital news objects in the digital archives or libraries and helps to locate, retrieve, manage, structure, and preserve the digital objects [10]. Linking mechanisms and metadata are highly important to ensure the dissemination of archived news articles extracted from multiple sources in multiple languages during the preservation process. Artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant impact on the accessibility of news or other digital information for a huge collection of multilingual archives using advanced natural language processing tasks. For example, to provide a personalized recommendation based on user interaction and browsing history of news reading behavior, machine learning technique-based language models can help to predict accurate searches in a multilingual environment for multilingual retrieval and query manipulation. Similarly, translation tools and techniques can help to manage digital content during the information dissemination process, which encompasses a number of challenges [11]. The use of English transliteration words is common in most low-resource languages such as Urdu and may have a great impact on linking digital content for dissemination purposes in the future.