# Survey of Smart Parking Systems
## 3 Types of SPS Reported in the Literature
### Data Synthesis for Types of SPS Reported in the Literature
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**SPS** & **Advantages** & **Disadvantages** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{PRS} & Previous reservations are used. & \multirow{4}{*}{Establishes static routes to destinations.} \\  & A free parking spot is guaranteed for the driver. & \multirow{4}{*}{Most do not allow a merger of free and} \\  & Most implement the payment system directly in the applications. & \multirow{4}{*}{Reserve parking.} \\  & Implementation is simple compared to other systems. & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{PGIS} & The route that leads users to the parking slot is set. & \multirow{4}{*}{Can lead to competition among drivers} \\  & Can process information in real time. & \multirow{4}{*}{for a parking slot.} \\  & Can implemented in diverse contexts, whether public, & \multirow{4}{*}{Are more complicated to develop} \\  & private, or semi-private parking slots. & \multirow{4}{*}{and implement.} \\  & Can be supported by a decentralized infrastructure. & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{CITS} & Can be implemented without the need for a large & \multirow{4}{*}{Its operation depends on the users.} \\  & underlying infrastructure. & \multirow{4}{*}{There is a risk of not providing} \\  & Can process information in real time. & \multirow{4}{*}{accurate information.} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{CAPS} & Can process information in real time. & \multirow{4}{*}{Processing depends on a single server.} \\  & Can implement first-come-first-served assignments by & \multirow{4}{*}{Are more efficient in closed car} \\  & avoiding competition for parking slot. & \multirow{4}{*}{parks (off-road).} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{AGS} & The route that leads users to the parking slot is set. & \multirow{4}{*}{Implementation is very complex.} \\  & Can be implemented in diverse contexts, whether public, & \multirow{4}{*}{Higher cost in time and} \\  & private, or semi-private parking slots. & \multirow{4}{*}{algorithm development.} \\  & Can be supported by a decentralized infrastructure. & \\  & Can use artificial intelligence to process the information. & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{EVPS} & There is not that much competition for a parking space. & \multirow{4}{*}{Its implementation is costly.} \\  & The system can communicate with the charge station to & \multirow{4}{*}{This type of system contributes to the reduction of} \\  & The algorithms weigh the optimization of resources. & \\  & This type of system contributes to the reduction of & \\  & polluting gas emissions from vehicles. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: SPS types, as well as principal advantages and disadvantages. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**SPS** & **Number of Papers** & **Summary** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{DS} & \multirow{4}{*}{54} & Studies focused on information \\  & & concerning VDT and parking places \\  & & that can used in an SPS. & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{APS} & \multirow{4}{*}{39} & Papers focused on the research \\  & & concerning algorithms for SPS in terms \\ \cline{1-1}  & & of routing vehicles, information on the \\ \cline{1-1}  & & current state of parking, and solving \\ \cline{1-1}  & & potential problems. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Number of publications for unclassified work, along with a summary and references. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**SPS** & **2012** & **2013** & **2014** & **2015** & **2016** & **2017** & **2018** & **2019** & **Total** \\ \hline PRS & 2 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 8 & 6 & 12 & 11 & 49 \\ PGIS & 4 & 2 & 7 & 12 & 9 & 4 & 3 & 6 & 47 \\ CITS & 2 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 1 & 4 & 25 \\ CAPS & 5 & 2 & 3 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 9 & 8 & 39 \\ AGS & 2 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 3 & 6 \\ EVPS & 1 & 4 & 1 & 1 & 3 & 1 & 1 & 3 & 15 \\ DS & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 8 & 13 & 16 & 54 \\ APS & 3 & 2 & 6 & 3 & 4 & 8 & 10 & 3 & 39 \\ Total & 21 & 23 & 28 & 31 & 35 & 33 & 49 & 54 & 274 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Relationship between type of SPS and year of publication.