## 3 Results
### Biophysical Changes and Recurrence of Fire  
Figure 9a,d illustrate the relationship between the MODIS biophysical parameters and fire recurrence from the linear regression analysis. The significant temporal changes of EVI and GPP showed a strong relationship with the increase in fire recurrence (R\({}^{2}\)\(>\) 0.74) (Figure 9b,c). We did not observe a significant relationship between albedo changes and fire recurrence (R\({}^{2}\)\(<\) 0.29) (Figure 9a). The relationship between LST and fire recurrence was greater in the JPRB area (R\({}^{2}\)\(=\) 0.62) compared to the ANP-CSP area (R\({}^{2}\)\(=\) 0.52) (Figure 9d). However, the fire recurrence did not fully explain the variations in surface temperature. Table 4 shows the result of R\({}^{2}\) for all analyzed combinations of land use/vegetation and fire recurrence. The relationship between fire recurrence and albedo was irregular in the different classes  
Figure 9: Fire recurrence relationship in the Ji-Paraná River Basin (JPRB) and Araguaia National Park/Cantão State Park (ANP-CSP) areas with (**a**) Albedo, (**b**) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), (**c**) Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), and (**d**) Land-Surface Temperature (LST). of land use/vegetation. Some areas showed no association with the increase of fire recurrences (R\({}^{2}\) = 0), such as seasonal forest and altered Ombrophilous forest. In contrast, others showed a medium relationship (R\({}^{2}\) < 0.57), such as grassy-woody savanna and woody savanna. In most phytophysiognomies analyzed, pixels with significant EVI changes showed medium to a high relationship with increased fire recurrence (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.50 to 0.90). In the JPRB area, the greatest relations between EVI and fire recurrence were altered vegetation areas, compared to preserved vegetation areas (Table 4). The ANP-CSP area showed the same pattern, except the savanna parkland, which had the highest R\({}^{2}\) in the period. The GPP R\({}^{2}\) values do not follow the same direction as the EVI values. Despite the GPP changes had low spatial representativeness, showed the most significant relationship with the recurrence of fire in forested savannas and woody savannas (including the altered woody-savannas) (R\({}^{2}\) > 0.92). However, there are phytophysiognomies with less relation as altered forested savannas and Ombrophilous forests (R\({}^{2}\) < 0.70). The relationship between trends in surface temperature and fire recurrence differs in the analyzed physiognomies. The largest association occurred in the savanna parkland in the ANP-CSP area (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.91). The vegetation classes with anthropic alterations did not have a constant pattern in the GPP and LST parameters. In some cases, the altered vegetation has a greater relationship with the fire recurrence than the native vegetation, such as Ombrophilous forest (GPP) and savanna/forest transition (LST). In contrast, the forested savanna (native vegetation) had a most significant association with the fire recurrence. We selected some of the variables with the most significant inclinations to exemplify their temporal pattern. In this case, we selected the classes of pasture and altered Ombrophilous forest in the JPRB area; and altered forested savanna and grassy-woody savanna in the CSP-ANP area; to exemplify the variables of EVI and surface temperature in different burning scenarios (Figures 10-13). Pastures in the JPRB area (Figure 10a) have distinct EVI patterns since the beginning of the time series due to the different management. Furthermore, there is a gradual increase in pasture with many fires, where both showed decreasing EVI pattern. The altered Ombrophilous forests (Figure 10b) also show drastic differences in the EVI pattern, whether selective cutting, difference in biomass or quantity of tree species.