## 4 Research Process
### Classification of City Information according to Data Source  
City information can be classified as either physical environment information or social activity information. In urban planning, physical environment information includes the buildings, streets, infrastructure, and any hardware data. Hardware data include information regarding the coverage rate, plot ratio, road configuration, signal arrangement, and administrative area. This is confirmable at the city planning stage and makes up the city hardware plan. Most social activity information (referred to as \"software\") is derived from the activities of people in a city. Population, industrial structures, vehicle flow, electricity consumption, water consumption, and waste are examples of software information. Obtaining this type of information requires a sensor network and general investigation or any other data collection method. We can understand the effect of social activities due to environmental development by classifying this information into several layers and by analyzing them individually. In the first step of data classification, the psychological information was sorted into three indexes: urbanization, traffic accessibility, and information about personal feelings. The urbanization index refers to information about an urban space. The traffic infrastructure index refers to the paths and the edge of an urban space. We combined these two indexes with citizens' personal feelings about the environment because the city sources were usually distributed according to the population density, which was determined during urban planning. If an urban planner decided to place some sources in certain places, but citizens do not agree with the policy or location, then the sources are wasted. However, feelings are complex and can change throughout the day. To elucidate the factors of urban phenomena, qualified feelings were sorted during data collection. Citizens sense the city environment through the buildings and streets. The questionnaires asked citizens about their views of buildings, streets, and infrastructure instead of about their views on urbanization or traffic accessibility. People may feel that a location is good because of the weather, the food, or other reasons that have nothing to do with the physical environment. Buildings and roads are designed in ways to guide users to have certain feelings toward their environment. Table 1 presents the classifications of citizen feelings into several categories. The value from citizen feelings was exported to the three selected classifications. The system collected the citizen feelings that were simpler and directed toward the environmental phenomena in the city, in the second step after data classification. For example, citizen feelings toward \"urbanization\" vary from person to person. Some people think that high levels of urbanization are good, while others think the opposite. Some people may consider high levels of urbanization to be good in a specific place, but, when the place or time changes, they may then think differently. Therefore, the questionnaires were designed to turn personal feelings into calculable data within the extraction system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Extraction Methodology**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Data Classification**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Urban Physical**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Citizen Feelings Information**} \\ \cline{3-5}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Environment Information**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Subjective**} & **Objective** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Sampling Area} & (a) Global & IoT & \multirow{3}{*}{Few} & \multirow{3}{*}{Few} \\  & Environment & Sensor Network & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-5}  & \multirow{3}{*}{(b) District} & IoT & \multirow{3}{*}{Interview or Questionnaire} & \multirow{3}{*}{Personal Device Sensing} \\  & & Sensor Network & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-5}  & \multirow{3}{*}{(c) Zone} & Few & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-5}  & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}