## 2 Materials and Methods  
Beech wood (_Fagus sylvatica_ L.) was used for the experimental measurements. Beech logs were harvested in the forest area Hronska Dubrava (457 m.a.s.l.), which belongs to the Technical University Forestry Enterprise in Zvolen (Slovakia). This area was dominated by deciduous trees, especially hornbeam (_Carpinus betulus_ L.), oak (_Quercus robur_ L.), and beech (_Fagus sylvatica_ L.). The selection of suitable logs was performed immediately after the logging of trees and on the same day. Six logs with a length of approximately six meters were selected for cutting.  
The selected log-sawing patterns were chosen based on the diameters of the logs. According to the central diameters of the logs, they were assigned to a specific type of log-sawing pattern (Table 1). The diameters of the logs ranged from 43.0 to 65.0 cm. Three log-sawing patterns were applied to the cut: through-and-through sawing, cant sawing, and quarter sawing.  
For each log (V\({}_{1}\)-V\({}_{6}\)), we selected a particular type of log-sawing pattern. The type of pattern was selected based on the previously measured central diameters. The log with the largest central diameter was used for cant sawing, that with the second-largest diameter was used for quarter sawing, and that with the smallest was used for through-and-through sawing. All log-sawing patterns are shown in Figure 1.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt}} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Log**} & **Diameter at the Thinner End of the Log [cm]** & **Mid Diameter [cm]** & **Diameter the Thicker End of the Log [cm]** & **Length [m]** & **Type of Cutting** & **Log-Sawing Patterns** \\ \hline V\({}_{1}\) & 40.0 & 43.0 & 43.0 & 4.1 & Through and through sawing \\ \hline V\({}_{2}\) & 46.5 & 45.0 & 46.0 & 4.0 & Through and through sawing \\ \hline V\({}_{3}\) & 52.5 & 52.0 & 53.0 & 4.0 & Cant sawing \\ \hline V\({}_{4}\) & 62.0 & 60.5 & 65.0 & 4.1 & Cant sawing \\ \hline V\({}_{5}\) & 46.5 & 48.0 & 47.5 & 4.2 & Quarter sawing \\ \hline V\({}_{6}\) & 46.0 & 50.0 & 52.0 & 4.0 & Quarter sawing \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Measured the diameters of the logs and their assigned log-sawing patterns.  
Figure 1: Selected log-sawing patterns for beech logs (_Fagus sylvatica_ L.).  
Each log was sawn on a horizontal band saw, the MEBOR 1000 HTZ. For this research, a standard thickness of lumber of 33 mm was chosen. Each lumber was cleaned and then marked after cutting. Edged or unedged lumber was also measured. Its thickness, width, and length were measured to calculate the quantitative and qualitative yields. The dimensions were measured using a digital caliper based on the STN EN 1309-1 standard [19].  
The manufactured lumber and its rounded sides could not be measured in full or partially in terms of volume. For this reason, to obtain higher quantitative yield values, it was necessary to use permissible measurements of rounded sides in the context of the standard used (STN EN 1309-1) [19]. The methods of width measurement are shown in Figure 2. Measurements of the width and thickness were performed by a caliper with accuracy \(\pm\) 0.03 mm. The length was measured with a tape rule.  
The timber was classified after cutting logs (Figure 3). It was classified into two groups: radial or tangential lumber. After cutting, all lumber was compared in terms of quantitative and qualitative yields. The quantitative yield consisted of the total amount of lumber obtained (tangentially and radially). Meanwhile, the qualitative yield focused on the amount of radial lumber.  
The results were processed at the level of inductive statistics. The method of analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significance level (\(p\) = 0.05) was chosen for the mentioned evaluation. For this evaluation, we chose to use box plots.