## 5 APT Loading and Evaluation of the 3 Different Seals Using the MMLS3
#### 5.1.3 A 20/7 mm Double Seal with a SASOBIT-M(r)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **APT Loading** & **No Loading** \\ \hline Solid volume (V\({}_{\text{T}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 81.50 & 93.16 \\ \hline Sample area (cm\({}^{2}\)) & 100.2 & 100.2 \\ Largest height difference (mm) & 15.4 & 15.8 \\ Aggregate volume (V\({}_{\text{S}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 21.67 & 28.01 \\ Void volume (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 59.84 & 65.25 \\ Void ratio (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)/V\({}_{\text{S}}\)) & 2.76 & 2.33 \\ Void ratio (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)/V\({}_{\text{T}}\)) & 0.73 & 0.67 \\ MTD (mm) & 5.97 & 6.50 \\ \hline MPD (mm) & 3.81 & 3.57 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Volume and void ratios calculated from a statistical analysis of the 3D data sets on the double seal shown in Figures 11 and 12. Figure 13: Condition of the Cape seal after APT at <20 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
The APT loading sample (left) illustrates more pronounced visibility of the 20 mm aggregate from below the slurry mix. This is likely due to the reorientation of the smaller particle sizes in the slurry mix moving towards a more closely packed, stable state. From the roughness analysis, it is seen that the APT area (left) illustrates the exposure (appearance) of the larger 20 mm aggregate. This could be an indication that not all voids were filled during the hand placement of the slurry mix. 1.5 A 20 mm Cape Seal--Second Test: Full APT Loading--Standard 100,000 Repetitions Applied within 24 h with the MMLS3 at a Controlled Temperature of 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C  
Visual and measured assessment: The comparative surfacings of the full 24 h MMLS3 test with 100,000 repetitions at 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C are shown in Figure 15, with the test area enhanced to emphasize the differences in visual appearance. The deformation measurements taken at different point along the test section, at different load repetitions of the full standard APT using the MMLS3 [15], on the Cape seal, are given in Table 5. The averages of the profile measurements as a function of the load results are shown in Figure 16. The average rut versus load repetitions and the extrapolation of the result to a million repetitions are shown in Figure 17. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **APT Loading** & **No Loading** \\ \hline Solid volume (V\({}_{\text{T}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 52.81 & 58.92 \\ Sample area (cm\({}^{2}\)) & 100.2 & 100.2 \\ Largest height difference (mm) & 5.3 & 5.9 \\ Aggregate volume (V\({}_{\text{S}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 21.67 & 28.01 \\ Void volume (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)) (cm\({}^{3}\)) & 31.14 & 30.91 \\ Void ratio (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)/V\({}_{\text{S}}\)) & 1.44 & 1.10 \\ Void ratio (V\({}_{\text{V}}\)/V\({}_{\text{T}}\)) & 0.59 & 0.53 \\ MTD (mm) & 3.11 & 3.08 \\ MTD (mm) & 1.83 & 1.59 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Volume and void ratios calculated from a statistical analysis of 3D scans of the Cape seal. Figure 14: A 3D scan of the 20 mm Cape seal. Left: APT loading. Right: no loading. Figure 15: Condition of the Cape seal after a full-scale 24 h MMLS3 (APT) test at 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C applying 100,000 load repetitions.