# Modeling and Resolving Uncertainty in DIKWP Model
## 1 Introduction
* **Wisdom (DIKWP-Wisdom):**
* **Definition:** Wisdom corresponds to aspects such as ethics, social morality, and human nature, representing a set of values that are relatively fixed in relation to the current era, derived from culture and human social groups, or individual cognitive values. When processing wisdom, it is necessary to integrate these data, information, knowledge, and wisdom, and apply them to guide decision-making. In the Concept Space, wisdom functions as a sophisticated concept that represents the extensive application and deep understanding of data, information, and knowledge. Wisdom's role within this space is not only as an integrator of information but also as an embodiment of values and principles. It encompasses concepts such as ethics, morality, and humanity, which are formed within socio-cultural contexts and interact within the Concept Space to collectively guide decision-making processes. In the Semantic Space, the application of wisdom demonstrates how to select and balance between various concepts and values. Wisdom in Semantic Space serves to explain and connect these concepts, identifying their interrelationships and potential conflicts, thereby guiding how to make appropriate decisions in specific situations. Therefore, wisdom is not merely a result of data or information processing; it is a profound and value-driven decision-making process. It involves not just computation or logical reasoning but a deeper understanding and application of human behavior, social norms, and ethical principles. The complexity and depth of wisdom are indispensable in the decision-making process, ensuring that decisions are not solely focused on efficiency but are also a profound expression of humanity, ethics, and morality. For example, when facing decision-making challenges, Cognitive agents should consider a comprehensive set of factors including ethics, morality, and feasibility, rather than solely focusing on technical efficiency or effectiveness. * **Mathematization of wisdom:** Wisdom \(W\) functions as a decision function that integrates data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and purpose to produce value-driven data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and purpose: \[W:\{D,I,K,W,P\}\rightarrow\{D^{*},I^{*},K^{*},W^{*},P^{*}\}\] (8) where \(D,I,K,W\) and \(P\) respectively represent data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and purpose, while \(D^{*},I^{*},K^{*},W^{*}\) and \(P^{*}\) processed by the wisdom function represent the corresponding output data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and purpose respectively. * **Differences between information and wisdom:** Information primarily involves semantic associations and logical verifications of various data, knowledge, and viewpoints within the Semantic Space, forming specific informational semantics. This process is usually driven by specific purpose, incorporating and transforming known cognitive objects to generate new semantic associations. The core of information lies in its expression of \"different\" semantics within cognition, and through intention-driven cognitive processing, it identifies and differentiates these distinctions for classification and understanding. Wisdom, on the other hand, represents a higher level of cognitive activity. It involves not only the acquisition and processing of information but also how to utilize this information for effective decision-making and action. The manifestation of wisdom is based on information, combined with individual or collective experiences, values, and long-term objectives, to conduct ethical and moral considerations, and engage in more complex thinking and planning. Wisdom thus involves a broader semantic understanding, such as considering information within a larger social, cultural, and ethical framework, as well as predicting and planning for future possibilities. * **Significance of wisdom:** Wisdom represents an advanced form of the comprehensive application and deepened understanding of data, information, and knowledge.