## 1 Introduction
In (**b**): ACS1/FUN44: acetyl-CoA synthetase 1, ACS2: acetyl-CoA synthetase 2, ADH1: alcohol dehydrogenase 1, ADH2: alcohol dehydrogenase 2, ADH3: alcohol dehydrogenase 3, ADH4: alcohol dehydrogenase 4, ADH5: alcohol dehydrogenase 5, ALD4/ADL7: aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP\({}^{+}\)), ALD5: aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP\({}^{+}\)) 5, CDC19/PYK1: pyruvate kinase, ENO1/HSP48: phosphoglycerate hydratase, GPM2: phosphoglycerate mutase, HFD1: hexadecan dehydrogenase/aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP\({}^{+}\)), LAT1: pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component, LPD1/HPD1: dihydroplopoly dehydrogenase, PCK1/PJM2/PPC1: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, PDA1: pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, PDB1: pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, PDC1: pyruvate decarboxylase 1, PDC5: pyruvate decarboxylase 5, PDC6: pyruvate decarboxylase 6, SFA1/ADH5: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase/alcohol dehydrogenase, THI3/KID1: pyruvate decarboxylase. Similarly colored and shaped marks in figures mean transcription levels of the same enzyme genes. (**a**) Comparison of gene transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium on upstream of glycolysis. (**b**) Comparison of gene transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium on downstream of glycolysis and partial reactions in mitochondrion. Figure 5: Comparison of gene transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium on TCA cycle and relating reactions. Data are shown as relative mRNA transcription levels normalized  
by the level of _RDN18_ as a housekeeping gene. Relative transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium at 15-20 h of main fermentation are shown in black and red, respectively. Error bars indicate SD of 3-8-time replicates experiments. Gene abbreviations in Figure 5: _ACO1_: _aconitate hydratase_, _CIT1_: _citrate synthase 1_, _CIT2_: _citrate synthase 2_, _CIT3_: _citrate synthase 3_, _FUM1_: _fumarate hydratase_, class II, _IDH1_: _isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD\({}^{+}\)) 1_, _IDH2_: _isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD\({}^{+}\)) 2_, _IDP1_: _isocitrate dehydrogenase 1_, _IDP2_: _isocitrate dehydrogenase 2_, _IDP3_: _isocitrate dehydrogenase 3_, _KGD1/GGD1_: 2-oxoglutrate dehydrogenase E1 component_, _KGD2_: 2-oxoglutrate dehydrogenase E2 component (dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase)_, _LSC1_: _succinyl-CoA synthetase alpha subunit_, _LSC2_: _succinyl-CoA synthetase beta subunit_, _MDH1_: _malate dehydrogenase 1_, _MDH2_: _malate dehydrogenase 2_, _MDH3_: _malate dehydrogenase 3_, _PYC1_: _pyruvate carboxylase 1_, _PYC2_: _pyruvate carboxylase 2_, _SDH1_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit_, _SDH2_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) iron-sulfur subunit_, _SDH3_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) cytochrome b560 subunit_, _SDH4/ACN18_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) nucleonate anchor subunit_, _SDH9_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit_, _SHH3_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) cytochrome b560 subunit_, _SHH4_: _succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) membrane anchor subunit_. Similarly colored and shaped marks in figures mean transcription levels of the same enzyme genes. Figure 6: _Cont_. Figure 6: Comparison of gene transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium on biosynthesis of amino acids. Data are shown as relative mRNA transcription levels normalized  
by the level of _RDN18_ as a housekeeping gene. Relative transcription levels in YG+HLMU medium and WG+HLMU medium at 15-20 h of main fermentation are shown in black and red, respectively. Error bars indicate SD of 3-8-time replicates experiments.