# Performance Analysis of Internet of Vehicles Mesh Networks Based on Actual Switch Models
## 2 Related Works  
Since the pioneering work of [PERSON] and [PERSON] in 2000 [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2000), an increasing amount of research has focused on the performance of wireless communication networks. As elements such as the spatial distribution of network nodes, wireless channel fading characteristics, and other factors influence the interference distribution in wireless networks, current analyses of wireless multi-hop networks primarily concentrate on interference and outage probability, as well as capacity and throughput assessments. For example, [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) derived the system outage probability based on a specific fading model for a relayed two-hop collaborative relaying system containing multiple relay nodes for a pair of communication users using amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward protocols, respectively. [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) proposed a wireless TCP protocol improvement considering Negative Acknowledgment (NACK), which allowed for distinguishing between losses due to congestion and losses due to wireless channel problems. This method improved QoS and throughput. [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) analyzed the outage probability and throughput of a full-duplex orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing relay network based on the amplify-and-forward protocol and calculated the energy harvesting duration and the signal transmission time, and the capacity and throughput. The optimal time slot interval between energy harvesting duration and signal transmission time was used as a way to maximize the network throughput. However, the research on wireless communication network performance has generally overlooked the influence of mobility on network layout and node distribution. Consequently, analyzing the performance of IoV mesh networks requires an exploration of the relationship between system parameters and network performance in the context of system characteristics. [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) conducted a comparison of various network topologiesfor designing a suitable IP/Ethernet network for audio and video communication in vehicles, considering QoS performance and production costs. Different vehicular networks' capacities were analyzed in the literature [18; 19; 20], with the capacity determined using the proportionality criterion approach. Distinctions exist among these studies; [PERSON] et al. [18] assumed all vehicles travel along a single road, while [PERSON] et al. [19] assumed that there are multiple roads in the network, but the vehicles can only move around the designated centers. [PERSON] et al. [20] expanded on these scenarios by allowing vehicles to move freely within the network area. By maximizing the throughput of information transfer between vehicles and RSUs, efficient information transfer path algorithms were derived from this model. [PERSON] et al. [21] compared the latest IEEE standard 802.11 ac with previous MAC protocols based on parameters such as throughput, jitter, and end-to-end delay using real traffic pattern scenarios. Realistic traffic patterns were generated using SUMO, and NS-3 evaluated protocol performance. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. [22] examined the average packet loss rate's impact under distributed relay selection for multihop broadcasting in vehicular networks, taking into account vehicle mobility, wireless channel conditions, and media access control. They proposed an analytical model to analyze the average packet loss rate. [PERSON] et al. [23] introduced a model for analyzing the QoS and capacity of vehicular networks on one-dimensional motorways and two-dimensional intersection roads. The validation of the proposed model was conducted through NS-2 simulations and further expanded to include the derivation of additional QoS metrics like packet reception probability, packet acceptance rate, and broadcast link capacity. [PERSON] et al. [24] proposed a distance-weighted back-pressure dynamic routing (DBDR).