# Technical-Tactical Analysis of Corner Kicks in Male Soccer: A Systematic Review
## 3 Results  
### Search and Selection of Studies  
The initial search yielded 64 studies from Scopus and 44 from Web of Science. After removing 36 duplicates, 72 studies remained. These were screened based on their titles and abstracts, leading to the exclusion of 37 studies that did not meet the selection criteria. Of the 35 remaining studies, 14 were excluded after a full-text assessment (5 because of language, 4 because they were experimental studies, and 5 because the subject of the article was not corner kicks), resulting in a final inclusion of 21 studies in the present review. The entire process is detailed in the flowchart in Figure 1.  
The 21 included studies are listed in Table 3, where the following information is provided for each study: title, authors, year of publication, data analysis methods, competition, number of matches observed, and number of corners analyzed. The studies are presented in chronological order of publication, from the oldest to the most recent. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Number** & **Question** \\ \hline Q1 & The study objective(s) is/are clearly set out \\ Q2 & Relevance of background literature \\ Q3 & The characteristics of the sample are clearly defined (competition, number of matches, and corners) \\ Q4 & Variables apply to attacking and defending team \\ Q5 & After the ball is lost for the team executing the corner kick, the transition phase is investigated \\ Q6 & The reliability/validity of the data provider is stated, is mentioned, or is measured \\ Q7 & Match status and time are taken into account, reflecting the dynamic nature of the sport \\ Q8 & Other contextual variables (eg., location, team quality, and opponent team quality) are taken into account \\ Q9 & Statistics are appropriate \\ Q10 & The results are clearly presented \\ Q11 & A distinction is made according to the spot (zone) of the kick \\ Q12 & Conclusions supported by results \\ Q13 & Specific practical applications are suggested for practitioners \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Questions used for the quality assessment of the included studies. Figure 1: PRISMA flow diagram illustrating the study-selection process. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Title** & **Author/Reference**/**/**/**/**/** & **Data Analysis Methods** & **Competition** & **Sample Matches** & **Main Outcomes** \\ \hline  & & & & & Winning teams prefer short and \\  & & & & & outswing corners, avoiding central \\  & & & & & finishes, while drawing or losing \\ Analysis of corner kicks in relation to match status in the 2006 World Cup & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] (2012) & [PERSON] & 2006 World Cup & 653 (64) & toward the goalposts. No \\  & & & & & significant differences were found \\  & & & & in effectiveness, subsequent play, \\  & & & & body part used, goal zone, or \\  & & & & defensive system. \\ An Application of SaTScan & & & & The overall goal rate was 2.2\%, \\ to Evaluate the Spatial & & Chi-Square Goodness of & & with only the central box (6–9 yards from goal) showing a \\ Distribution of Corner & [PERSON] [17] (2013) & Fit Tests, Spatial Scan & 2010 Major League & 1859 direct & significantly higher scoring \\ Kick Goals in Major & & Statistic, Monte Carlo & Soccer season & comes (239) & rate (5.0\%), unaffected by home \\ League Soccer & & method, Percent-at-Risk & & field, kick trajectory, or \\  & & & & time period. \\ \hline  & & & & Man-to-man marking was used in \\  & & & & 90.1\% of corners, with zonal \\  & & & & marking less common (9.9\%). \\ Defending Corner Kicks: & & & & Although no significant \\ Analysis from the English & [PERSON] et al. [32] (2013) & Chi-square & English Premier & & associations were found, zonal \\  & & & League during the & 436 (50) & systems conceded fewer goals and \\  & & & & attempts. The most frequent \\  & & & & goalpost setup was a defender on \\  & & & & the far post (47.3\%), with no \\  & & & & significant link to goal \\  & & & & attempts conceded. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}