# A Novel ICT Framework for Sustainable Development Goals
## 5 The ICT Framework Description
### Governance Module
[PERSON] [210] distinguishes no less than five different dimensions of accountability: transparency, liability, controllability, responsibility, and responsiveness. Accountable governance has been studied in [211; 212; 213]. Proposals for implementingvarious governance theories are often made in pure normative terms. A brief description on concrete approaches for implementing them includes:  
* Adaptive governance can be implemented by addressing institutional, cross-scale challenges and the structures and incentives, by considering Iterative decision-making mechanisms, by providing feedback between monitoring and decisions learning, by explicit characterization of system uncertainty through multi-model inference, and by implementing legal and institutional oversight, or built-in mechanisms for adaptation;
* Network governance can be implemented as a network of local ICT platforms, offering an approach to organize and mobilize stakeholders for improving social, economic and environmental outcomes;
* Collaborative governance can be implemented as a collaborative unit that consists of individuals with diverse backgrounds by providing methods and tools for the members of the unit to develop and adopt a collective consciousness in addition to their own identities, preferences and motivations; and
* Accountable governance can implement two aspects of accountability: (1) accountability of officials, governmental agencies, or organizations involved in the decision making process, and (2) accountability of the ICT framework itself, by involving systems and coordinated actions for control, sanctions, and for creating conditions for improved accountability and governance. In addition, this module introduces two new forms of governance. Fair governance here refers (1) to fairness of the whole governance regime supported by the platform and (2) to fairness of the automated decision-making algorithms. Trustworthy governance refers to (1) consideration of the full range of stakeholders within the framework; (2) ability to audit data use and data management within the framework; (3) transparency of operations, governance, and decision making supported by the framework; and (4) consideration of the long term financing and management of the implemented framework. To address fair governance, the ICT framework can implement techniques for avoiding outcomes of decision-making processes that could be considered discriminatory [120]. Trustworthy governance can be implemented as distributed trust by providing mechanisms for increased levels of trust among participants (individuals), for example, by using blockchain technology [214]. The possibility to ensure proportional-fairness of the governance process can be addressed by considering a custom-designed blockchain mechanism that maintains a distributed database trusted by all peers. One can adopt Hyperledger Fabric [215] for novel blockchain global governance model. Hyperledger Fabric has a ledger, uses smart contracts, and is a system by which participants, enrolled through a membership service provider, manage their transactions.