## 1 Introduction  
Electric vehicle transport is becoming a key element of sustainable development initiatives in the global effort to decrease carbon dioxide emissions and shift to renewable energy sources [1]. Nations globally are dealing with the consequences of climate change and working to reduce its impact. Currently, Europe is the global front-runner in the adoption of electric vehicles. For example, according to European Environmental agency data [2], in 2022, the share of electric vehicles in new car registrations increased in almost all countries (EU-27, Iceland, Norway) compared with 2021. The highest shares were found in Norway (89%), Sweden (58%), and Iceland (56%). The use of electric vehicles is a crucial step in reaching these objectives outside Europe as well [3]. Electric vehicles provide numerous benefits compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, such as decreased noise pollution, no exhaust emissions, and lower operational expenses [4, 5]. A significant proportion of Europe's urban population lives in cities where EU air quality standards for the protection of human health are regularly exceeded. Air pollution continues to significantly impact the health of Europeans, particularly in urban areas, leading to economic costs such as shortened lifespans, increased medical expenses, and reduced productivity through lost working days. The pollutants with the most serious impacts on human health are particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ground-level ozone [6]. This backdrop of environmental and health challenges has driven the rapid global adoption of electric vehicles as part of broader sustainability strategies. According to the Energyprom analytical website, the surge in electric vehicle adoption in Kazakhstan is partly attributed to the Eurasian Economic Commission's Council decision to extend duty-free imports of electric vehicles until the end of 2025. This aligns with global trends highlighted by the International Energy Agency, which reports that electric vehicle sales increased dramatically worldwide, from approximately 1 million in 2017 to over 10 million in 2022. However, while the global market reflects a growing acceptance of electric vehicles, Kazakhstan faces distinct challenges. Kazakhstan represents an evolving and rapidly growing market for electric vehicles, with significant potential driven by its energy market. As a country with abundant energy resources, including renewable energy development initiatives, Kazakhstan is well positioned to support the transition to electric vehicles. However, issues with infrastructure, such as insufficient charging networks and an uneven distribution of charging stations, pose significant obstacles to widespread EV adoption. These barriers must be addressed to fully realize the potential of Kazakhstan's electric vehicle market. This research addresses these barriers by focusing on the development of an integrated decision-making system tailored to Kazakhstan's unique geographical, economic, and infrastructural conditions. Such a system is vital, as evidenced by the rapid growth in the number of electric vehicles in Kazakhstan, which increased by 9.2 times between 2021 and 2023, from 914 to 8366 units [7]. Most of these vehicles are concentrated in urban centers like Almaty (4946 units), Astana (1044 units), and the Almaty Region (379 units), indicating uneven adoption across the country. By linking global electric vehicle trends with Kazakhstan's specific constraints, this work highlights the need for context-sensitive solutions to bridge the gap between global innovations and local realities, ultimately fostering sustainable mobility solutions tailored to the region's needs. This research was performed to ensure that Kazakhstan can fully utilize electric vehicles to further its environmental, economic, and social goals. Kazakhstan's climatic conditions, such as extreme temperatures, reduce battery performance and require electric vehicles to be adapted to these challenges.