## 5 Results
### Question III--Color and Mood Relations  
The third part of the questionnaire followed the same schematic from the second part but changed the focus point to moods and color connections. We asked the question: Do you have a feeling of joy, fatigue, attention or relax by seeing a defined color? Answers were collected with Likert-like scales and static calculations were performed according to Section 5.2. The results are displayed as follows, first for feeling joy, Figure 3.  
The first observation was that we could not identify any color that, just based on the visual perception of it, is able to create a feeling of joy. Nevertheless, red and cold-white had for most gender or origin groups an opposite effect. Second, within all gender and origin groups there are no big differences and the major tendency is around Likert item three, meaning \"neutral\".  
The second feeling, which was investigated was the feeling of fatigue. In the following Figure 4, the results are displayed. Statistical evaluation followed the same procedure as in the last section.  
Figure 4: (a) Color-fatigue rating and (b) statistical evaluation separated between Chinese and European participants and genders. Statistical significances \(p<0.05\) marked with *.  
Figure 3: (a) Color-joy rating and (b) statistical evaluation separated between Chinese and European participants and genders. Statistical significances \(p<0.05\) marked with *.  
Similar to the feeling of joy, there was no color observed which has a positive impact to make people sleepy. There is a small tendency observed that for the color green, cyan and blue there might be an opposite effect observed within the color blue for all investigated groups. The highest confirmation rating was identified within the color range red, orange and yellow with a meaning around \"neutral\".  
In the third round, we asked about the feeling of attention. Statistical evaluation was performed in the same way as before. Figure 5 shows the result.  
Compared to the other two feelings, joy and fatigue, there are controversial ratings between origin and gender observed. The highest attention level was achieved within the red and orange group for the English survey participants. Within the Chinese participants, the color blue was rated as the color with the highest attention potential. Significant differences for red within the Chinese participants were calculated as \(z=2.17\), \(p=3.00\times 10^{-2}\) and \(r=0.17\) indicating a weak effect power. Between Chinese women and English men as, \(z=-4.87\), \(p=1.21\times 10^{-6}\) and \(r=0.48\) indicating a medium effect power.  
The last feeling was relaxing. Following the same procedure for questioning, answering and statistical evaluation, the result is shown in Figure 6.  
Figure 5: (**a**) Color-attention rating and (**b**) statistical evaluation separated between Chinese and European participants and genders. Statistical significances \(p<0.05\) marked with *.  
Figure 6: (**a**) Color-relax rating and (**b**) statistical evaluation separated between Chinese and European participants and genders. Statistical significances \(p<0.05\) marked with *.  
The first two colors with the lowest hue angles showed an opposite effect for relaxing, similar to purple and cold-white. From the color yellow to blue there was a medium level of relaxing observed. The final two multichromatic colors, out of that especially the warm-white color, had the highest potential to create a feeling of relaxing within the 238 participants asked. Complete statistical tables for the color and mood relations are added in the Supplementary Materials of this study, Section S1, Tables S1-S8.