Conversion of a Network Section with Loads, Storage Systems and Renewable Generation Sources into a Smart Microgrid  
[PERSON]  
1 CEDER-CIEMAT, Autroia de Navarra Al5 Salida 56, 422290 Lublia (Soria), Spain; 1 oscarizquierdo@ciemates (O.I.-M.); paula.pena@ciemates (P.-C.) 1 CEDER-CIEMAT, Autroia de Navarra Al5 Salida 56, 422290 Lublia (Soria), Spain; 1 oscarizquierdo@ciemates (O.  
in grid or island mode. A remote microgrid is a variation of a microgrid operating in island conditions\".  
Another option is the smartgrid, a newer concept than microgrid but increasingly implemented due to the advantages it offers. It can be defined as a microgrid that has been equipped with an intelligent communications infrastructure, allowing it to operate and act semi-autonomously and/or autonomously on all the elements that make up the microgrid. This management method improves reliability, safety, and efficiency. It optimizes energy flows and improves the detection of grid supply shortages, making quick decisions to provide the necessary supply to the microgrid.  
In either case, whether it is a microgrid, or a smartgrid, the installation of storage systems (such as batteries, super-capacitors, or flywheels) is highly recommended. They can counteract the energy imbalances produced [2] and curb energy fluctuations, managing to adjust the generation and overall load curve of the microgrid [3,4], which is affected by the uncontrollable generation associated with such systems [5, 6, 7, 8].  
The current trend is either the creation of smartgrid or the conversion of an already created microgrid into a smartgrid due to the operational improvements that can be obtained from the whole.  
Nowadays, there are many installations or buildings that have micro-generators and storage systems but do not have them integrated in an intelligent way, which means that these installations are not efficient. The problem that this work aims to solve is to show how these networks can be made intelligent in a straightforward way and using free software.  
The procedure described in this paper has already been implemented in practice, being the main objective of this work to present the procedure followed at CEDER to convert a grid section with renewable generation sources and different storage systems and loads into a smart microgrid. To achieve this, the Home Assistant tool has been used to create a control software (CMEMS-CEDER Microgrid Energy Management System).  
All the elements that make up the microgrid are integrated in CMEMS, which allows real-time monitoring and management to achieve greater efficiency and autonomy.  
This procedure consists of four steps: identification and description of the elements, integration of the elements in the same data network, establishment of communication between the elements and the control system, creation of an interface that allows control of the entire network.  
Although the work describes a procedure for an \"experimental application case\", it could be applied generically to other similar network sections with generation, storage, and consumption elements, since the steps described are valid for any grid.  
The development of the article continues in Section 2, which presents a revision of literature. Section 3 present the four steps procedure to transform a grid section into a microgrid. Section 4 presents the experimental application case. Finally, conclusions are drawn.