## 1 Introduction
However, using the \"laminar\" model for turbulent flow, actually, a DNS on a coarse grid unable to capture the small-scale fluid motions, introduces error since the influence of the sub-grid vortices on the large-scale (resolved) turbulent motions is neglected. The second approach is the current industry standard, unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), which completely gives up resolving the turbulent fluctuations and dynamic evolution of vortical structures, and aims to calculate the mean, time-averaged flow. The influence of turbulence on the mean flow is modeled using some of the plethora of more or less complex turbulence models. Clearly, RANS is unsuitable for aeroacoustic simulations of voice where the unsteady turbulent motions represent a crucial portion of the aeroacoustic sources. With rigorous DNS being infeasible and RANS inapplicable, numerical modeling of the aeroacoustic principles of voice production can use either the laminar simulations (such as in [12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20]PA/USA) to study the laryngeal airflow both during phonation and inspiration. The work of [PERSON] et al. [24] explores a variant called Implicit LES, where the intrinsic dissipation of the numerical method is assumed to act as a sub-grid scale (SGS) model. Another compressible LES simulation on a static glottis was published by [PERSON] et al. [25]. Recently, [PERSON] [6; 7; 26] simulated the laryngeal flow and effect of ventricular folds using the LES feature of STAR-CCM+ (Siemens PLM Software, Plano, TX/USA) and quantified the computational requirements on parallel architectures. In the study by [PERSON] et al. [27], the same software and similar numerical approach was used to study the influence of the supraglottal coherent structures produced by flow through static glottis on the far-field sound signal on a realistic vocal tract geometry from MRI data. A systematic comparison of the airflow and sound generated in human larynx, obtained using laminar and LES flow simulations, should help to assess the importance and impact of turbulence modeling in aeroacoustic simulations of voice generation. This study builds on the previous publications [18; 28] and compares the acoustic spectra obtained using a laminar simulation (i.e., with no SGS modeling) and two variants of Large Eddy Simulations with different sub-grid scale models--the One-Equation Eddy-Viscosity SGS model [29] and the Wall-Adaptive Local Eddy-Viscosity (WALE) model [30]. The impact of the sub-grid scale model on the spectrum of the generated voice for vowels [u:] and [i:] is analyzed and discussed. This paper is organized into two major sections, describing the fluid dynamic and aeroacoustic models. Section 2.1 explains the Large Eddy Simulation framework, SGS models used and boundary conditions of the mathematical model. This is followed by Sections 2.3 and 2.4 on the geometry, mesh and numerical solution of the CFD problem, and eventually Section 2.5 presents the results of the CFD simulations. Section 3 has a similar structure, explaining first the mathematical model, then the numerical approach and finally the presenting the results of the aeroacoustic simulations.