## 3 Description of the State of Knowledge
### Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Antifungal Properties
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Organism Used for Synthesis**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Target Fungi**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Antifungal Activity**} \\  & & **MIC [ug/mL] or** & \\  & & **Inhibition Zone [mm] or** & \\  & & **Inhibition Rate [\%]** & \\ \hline _Agave americana, Mentha_ & _Verticillium dahliae, Aspergillus niger,_ & & \\ _Spiata, Mangifera indica_ & _Aspergillus parasitic, Fusarium oxysporum,_ & 12-89\% & [63] \\ _Penicillium notatum_ & & & \\ \hline _Aspergillus kambrenesis_ & _Candida albicans_, _Candida tropicalis, Fusarium_ & & \\ _Aspergillus kambrenesis_ & _ oxysporum, Aspergillus niger_ & 13.1–44.2 mm & [64] \\ _niger_ & & & \\ \hline _Cinnamom cumplona_ & _Fusarium oxysporum_ & 154.39 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [65] \\ \hline _Marinobacter lipolytica_ & _Candida albicans_ & 16 \(\pm\) 2 mm & [66] \\ \hline _Naxicula cintata_ & _Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus_ & 3.01–6.02 mg/\(\upmu\)L & [67] \\ _fumigatus, Rhizous stolonifer_ & & & \\ \hline _Sidr honey_ & _Candida albicans_ & 9.70 \(\pm\) 0.09–15.20 \(\pm\) 0.29 mm & [68] \\ \hline _Zea mays_ & _Fusarium sp., Rhizous oryzae, Candida albicans_ & 12 \(\pm\) 1.0–14.6 \(\pm\) 0.57 mm & [69] \\  & _albicans_ & & \\ \hline _Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana_ & _Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger,_ & & \\ _Fusarium solani, Mucor piriformis,_ & & 10–20 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [70] \\ _Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans_ & & & \\ \hline _Trichoderma asperellum_ & _Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum,_ & 20.0 \(\pm\) 2.0–28.67 \(\pm\) 3.05 mm & [71] \\ _Pythinum ultimum_ & & & \\ \hline _Artemisia afra_ & _Candida albicans_ & 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [72] \\ _Phoma gardeniae_ & _Candida albicans_ & 5.95 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [73] \\ _Cassia fistula_ & _Candida krusei, Trichophytron mettagrophytes_ & 21.6 \(\pm\) 1.1–23.3 \(\pm\) 1.1 mm & [74] \\ _Trifolium resupinatum_ & _Rhizoctonia solani, Negfusicoccum Parvum_ & 84–91\% & [75] \\ _Bipolaris maydis_ & _Exserolimum turcicum_ & 5.0 \(\pm\) 0.84–10.7 \(\pm\) 1.26 mm & [76] \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ \hline _Helminthosporium sp.,_ & _Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus,_ & & \\ _Aspectillus niger, Curvalaria sp.,_ & 30–70 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [78] \\ _Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp._ & & \\ _Phoma capsulatus,_ & _Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans_ & 5.95 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [79] \\ _Phoma putaminum, Phoma citri_ & _Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans_ & & \\ \hline _Trichoderma asperellum_ & _Aspergillus niger, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ \hline _Helminthosporium sp.,_ & _Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus,_ & & \\ _Aspectillus niger, Curvalaria sp.,_ & 30–70 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [78] \\ _Pibolaris sp., Fusarium_ & _Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp._ & & \\ \hline _Phoma capsulatus,_ & _Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans_ & 5.95 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [79] \\ _Phoma putaminum, Phoma citri_ & _Aspergillus niger, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ \hline _Trichoderma asperellum_ & _Aspergillus niger, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ _Phoma gardeniae_ & _Candida albicans_ & 5.95 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [73] \\ _Cassia fistula_ & _Candida krusei, Trichophytron mettagrophytes_ & 21.6 \(\pm\) 1.1–23.3 \(\pm\) 1.1 mm & [74] \\ _Trifolium resupinatum_ & _Rhizoctonia solani, Negfusicoccum Parvum_ & 84–91\% & [75] \\ _Bipolaris maydis_ & _Exserolimum turcicum_ & 5.0 \(\pm\) 0.84–10.7 \(\pm\) 1.26 mm & [76] \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ \hline _Helminthosporium sp.,_ & _Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus,_ & & \\ _Aspectillus niger, Curvalaria sp.,_ & 30–70 \(\upmu\)g/mL & [78] \\ _Pibolaris sp., Fusarium_ & _Bipolaris sp., Fusarium sp._ & & \\ \hline _Phoma capsulatus,_ & _Aspergillus niger, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ _Phoma putaminum, Phoma citri_ & _Aspergillus niger, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ \hline _Trichoderma asperellum_ & _Aspergillus, Canadian albicans_ & & \\ _Trichoderma atroviride_ & _Phomopsis theae_ & 75.7–80.3\% & [77] \\ _Pibolaris sp.,_ & _Aspergillus nigerRecently, there has been growing interest in synthesis methods that utilize templates such as viruses' DNA, membranes, or diatoms [90; 91].