# Smart Healthcare Network Management: A Comprehensive Review
## 2 Literature Review
### Smart Healthcare  
Smart IoT objects fulfill the requirements of ubiquitous communication, pervasive computing, and ambient intelligence [30]. These characteristics have encouraged scientific and industrial developers to propose services and applications for the healthcare industry. A direct and useful application of IoT in healthcare is the Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) application, which aims to help older people and people with disabilities and chronic diseases live their everyday lives without being restricted by conventional monitoring and assistive tools. Also, people can stay in their homes and receive treatment similar to that which they would receive if admitted to a hospital [31]. [PERSON] et al. [32] inferred the non-functional requirements for smart healthcare applications through the storyline of a person with diabetes. They highlighted the requirements for interoperability, bounded latency, reliability, and security as the main ones for successful monitoring and supervision. IoT can be used to manage the administration of diabetic therapy by developing a personal device to assist and manage the insulin therapy dosage calculation [33]. The authors provided an overall architecture based on new communications protocols developed by the IETF that enable the connectivity of personal devices with the global Internet. A new concept called 'Health Internet of Things (HIoT)' was proposed to exploit sensor technologies and wireless networks for monitoring medical conditions [34]. This work presents an interconnection framework for mobile Health (mHealth) based on IoT. [PERSON] [35] explored how wearable and motion sensors, in the context of a smart home, can be used to monitor the movement of senior citizens by continuously logging and reporting their vital signs and the surrounding environmental conditions. It is worth mentioning that pervasive computing, as part of the IoT paradigm, is becoming an essential part of consumers' electronics and can be integrated with a smart home environment to adopt a smart-home-based healthcare model [36]. Collected data from various sensors deployed throughout the home can generate a smart home visualization system that provides different analyses to help detect and understand abnormal behaviors of targeted household residents [37]. Integrating mobile health as part of smart cities is becoming inevitable [38]. The authors provided an overview of how smart health can complement mobile health as part of a smart city initiative. They discussed the various aspects needed to achieve a comprehensive strategy for providing smart healthcare applications as part of a smart city environment. [PERSON] et al. [39] proposed a mobile software platform for ubiquitous healthcare support in homes and small clinic areas. The IoT platform replaces the PC gateway used in traditional telemedicine with a mobile device to ensure mobility support. [PERSON] et al. [40] proposed an IoT-based mobile health and patient monitoring application. The proposed application is a set of health monitoring services deployed in a mobile gateway device. It collects real-time information about the user's heart rate, location, and environmental conditions and forwards them to an intelligent personal assistant platform called AMBRO. [PERSON] et al. [41] studied the performance of IoT-based mobile e-health applications and services. [PERSON] et al. [42] conducted a comprehensive survey on the technologies and methodologies used for connecting and monitoring medical sensors. They introduced a testbed architecture specifically designed for healthcare applications. Similarly, [PERSON] et al. [43] proposed the Smart e-Health Gateway, a system that facilitates the connection between sensor networks and the Internet. This gateway effectively addresses several challenges in ubiquitous healthcare systems, including energy efficiency, scalability, and reliability. Implementing Smart e-Health Gateways on a large scale can significantly enhance ubiquitous health monitoring, particularly in clinical settings.