# Bat Optimized Link State Routing Protocol for Energy-Aware Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
[PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.M.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.A-A.-J.) [PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Johor, Malaysia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.A.J. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.M.M. sharing, and file exchanging [1]. This electronic communication occurs over long distances through the use of routers, switches, and Internet servers. Hardware and computer software devices, such as cables, radio, and satellites, are combined by the network. An ad hoc network refers to a single session connection that does not use wireless base stations or routers [2] and is mainly developed for transitory network connections. In this kind of network, all nodes participate in the routing activities without the use of any infrastructure. Instead of classic routing, a flooding technique is employed by the network for data transition [3]. An ad hoc network is mainly used for emergency situations involving natural disasters and military operations [4]. The mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a multi-hop, dynamic topology mobile network that performs autonomous operations offering routing services throughout the nodes [5]. The nodes have limited computing capability and can transmit the data packets from the sources to the required destinations [6]. This kind of network is appropriate for different applications involving outdoor activities, emergency situations, specific military operations, natural calamities, and communications in places without wireless facilities [7]. The MANET functions under conditions that hinder the recharging of nodes. Therefore, the energy utilization of the nodes must be equilibrated to increase the lifespan of the network [8; 9]. In typical ad hoc network routing protocols, the routes that are under a minimal hop count metric are selected, and the energy usage of the nodes is not considered [10; 11]. Under such conditions, the energy needed for transmitting and forwarding data packets can be easily exhausted by the routing process [12; 13]. As mentioned above, MANET is a collection of nodes that are connected without infrastructure. An overview of a MANET is presented in Figure 1.  
In MANETs, direct communication between the source and the destination nodes is required by routing protocols, such as the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol [14; 15]. Thus, routing is crucial to determine the required optimal path for the transfer of data between the source and the destination nodes [16].