## 1 Introduction  
Coal resources, being a significant worldwide energy mineral resource, are highly valued by many countries due to their abundant reserves and affordable cost. However, extensive exploitation of coal resources disrupts soil stability, resulting in surface collapse. The occurrence of extensive surface subsidence will result in the devastation of terrestrial vegetation and other valuable resources, posing a significant threat to the regular productivity and livelihood of the local population [1]. At the same time, due to the occupation and destruction of a large area of land, the habitat environment has been destroyed, resulting in the reduction in biodiversity and the disturbance of ecological functions in the mining area. The completion and operation of the Zhaogu Mining Area has benefited the local economy and employment of inhabitants. As a result of prolonged coal mining operations, numerous zones of subsidence have been created within the mine. The coal seam beneath the Zhaogu Mining Area is of greater thickness, leading to a more significant degree of subsidence. Consequently, certain regions have become perpetually flooded, as reported by [PERSON] et al. [2]. This has resulted in severe harm to the local land resources. A management model for the subsidence land in the Zhaogu Mining Area is proposed based on the extent of damage caused by subsidence and the conditions of the mine area. This model takes into account the different types of land use and provides technical support and data reference for the comprehensive management of the subsidence area in the Zhaogu Mining Area. During the initial phase, Chinese researchers mostly integrated remote sensing photos, visually analyzed them, and incorporated them with on-site research to detect and extract areas of coal mine surface subsidence [3; 4]. The utilization of optical remote sensing image data, following the processes of image fusion, analysis, interpretation, and field verification, has demonstrated a certain level of efficacy in identifying coal mine subsidence areas. However, this method is primarily effective in detecting surface deformations in large subsidence areas, while identifying smaller deformations proves to be more challenging. With the rapid advancement of radar remote sensing technology in recent years, with no spatiotemporal limitations and high penetration capabilities [5], researchers both domestically and internationally have started utilizing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to investigate surface subsidence. Remote sensing technology has led to the advancement and widespread application of advanced InSAR technology in measuring deformation fields related to mining, volcanoes, earthquakes, and glaciers [6]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [7] employed InSAR technology to measure the surface subsidence of a coal mine in close proximity to Gardanne, France. The observed surface subsidence was found to be closely correlated with the mining activities taking place in that particular coal mine. The progress of the working face is more uniform and aligns closely with the actual measurements taken on the ground. [PERSON] et al. [8] investigated the use of InSAR technology for monitoring surface deformation in coal mines and analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of D-InSAR and Satellite-Based Augmentation System-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technology. Radar remote sensing imagery was utilized as the data source, and SBAS technology was employed to determine the subsidence of the Lengshuijiang mining area. [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed a predictive method for subsidence basins by combining the InSAR technique and genetic algorithm. Remote sensing photos offer extensive spectrum data and are frequently utilized for land use extraction.