## 3 Results  
The research sample comprised 160 participants of which 61 were men (38.1%) and 99 women (61.9%). The mean age was 52.7 \(\pm\) 17.2 years (range 20-88). The descriptive and comparative results referred to the demographic variables and patient habits are reported in Table 1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline  & **No Implant** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**No Implant**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Healthy Implant**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Periodontiti**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} \\  & **Healthy** & **Periodontitis \(p\) Value** & & & & \\ \hline Gender. \(n\) (\%) & & 0.822 & & 0.630 \\ Male & 17 (42.5) & 18 (45) & & 12 (30) & 14 (35) & \\ Female & 23 (57.5) & 22 (55) & & 28 (70) & 26 (65) & \\ Age. average & 36.9 (14.9) & 57.2 (15.3) & & 55.43 (15.80) & 61.20 (11.77) & 0.068 \\ Medical Treatment \(n\) (\%) & & & 0.007 & & & 0.108 \\ No & 36 (90) & 26 (65) & & 28 (70) & 21 (52.5) & \\ Yes & 4 (10) & 14 (35) & & 12 (30) & 19 (47.5) & \\ Tobacco consumption. \(n\) & & & 0.045 & & & 0.160 \\ (\%) & & & & 29 (72.5) & 23 (57.5) & \\ No & 33 (82.5) & 25 (62.5) & & 29 (72.5) & 23 (57.5) & \\ Yes & 7 (17.5) & 15 (37.5) & & 11 (27.5) & 17 (42.5) & \\ Alcohol consumption. \(n\) & & & 0.217 & & & 0.644 \\ (\%) & 31 (77.5) & 26 (65) & & 26 (65) & 24 (60) & \\ Yes & 9 (22.5) & 14 (35) & & 14 (35) & 16 (40) & \\ BMI. average & 23.59 (3.06) & 24.83 (4.29) & 0.14 & 24.92 (3.66) & 24.47 (2.65) & 0.528 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Demographic data between healthy patients and patients with periodontal disease in maintenance, with and without dental implants. With respect to clinical measures (Table 2) the number of amalgam fillings, the number of metal-ceramic bridges and the plaque index scores were significantly greater among the patients with periodontitis. When it comes to the periodontal variables and implant characteristics (Tables 3 and 4), the percentage of patients with stage I periodontitis was significantly greater in the patients with dental implants (21.3%) than in those without implants (3.8%). On the other hand, the percentage of patients without implants that showed bleeding (25%) was significantly greater than among the patients with implants (8.8%). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Clinical Variables**} & **Healthy + No Implant** & **Periodontitis + No Implant** & \multirow{2}{*}{_p-Value_} & **Healthy + Implant** & **Periodontitis + Implant** & \multirow{2}{*}{_p-Value_} \\ \hline Amalgam & & & & & \\ Fillings. Median & & & & & \\ \hline Metal-Ceramic & & & & & \\ Crowns. \(n\) (\%) & & & & & \\ \hline - 0 & 38 (95\%) & 28 (70\%) & 28 (70\%) & 27 (67.5\%) & \\ - 1 & 2 (5\%) & 6 (15\%) & & 7 (17.5\%) & 8 (20\%) & \\ \hline - 2 & & 3 (7.5\%) & & 3 (7.5\%) & 5 (12.5\%) & \\ \hline - 3 & & 1 (2.5\%) & & 1 (2.5\%) & \\ \hline - 4 & & 1 (2.5\%) & & 1 (2.5\%) & \\ \hline - 5 & & 1 (2.5\%) & & 2 (5\%) & \\ \hline Metal-Ceramic & & & & & \\ Bridges. \(n\) (\%) & & & & & \\ \hline - 0 & 39 (97.5\%) & 35 (87.5\%) & & 32 (80\%) & 32 (80\%) & \\ - 1 & & 3 (7.5\%) & & 5 (12.5\%) & 4 (10\%) & \\ - 2 & 1 (2.5\%) & 2 (5\%) & & 2 (5\%) & 3 (7.5\%) & \\ \hline - 3 & & & & 1 (2.5\%) & 1 (2.5\%) & \\ \hline \% O’Leary’s Plaque & & & & & \\ Index Median & & & & & \\ \hline Last Dental Visit. \(n\) (\%) & & & 0.001 & & 0.062 \\ \hline - \textless{1 year} & 30 a (75\%) & 13 b (32.5\%) & & 12 (30\%) & 22 (55\%) & \\ - 1 year & 9 a (22.5\%) & 21 b (52.5\%) & & 24 (60\%) & 14 (35\%) & \\ - \textgreater{1 year} & 1 a (2.5\%) & 6 b (15\%) & & 4 (10\%) & 4 (10\%) & \\ \hline Brushing & & & & & \\ Frequency. \(n\) (\%) & & & 0.001 & & 0.595 \\ - 1/day & & 1 a (2.5\%) & & 1 (2.5\%) & \\ \hline - 2/day & 18 a (45\%) & 33 b (82.5\%) & & 27 (67.5\%) & 27 (67.5\%) & \\ \hline - 3 or more/day & 22 a (55\%) & 6 b (15\%) & & 13 (32.5\%) & 12 (30\%) & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} a, b: Two-by-two comparison (Bonferroni correction).  
\end{table}