## 1 Introduction  
Over the last twenty years, considerable attention has been given to the \({}^{68}\)Ga isotope because of its wide commercial availability, resulting from advances in procedures for its purification [1]. Hence, its application in diagnostics has become more dominant for several diseases, replacing some isotopes that are more difficult to prepare [2]. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning was the first diagnostic tool that used the \({}^{68}\)Ga isotope, in the mid-2000s, which is considered to be the starting point for the medical use of this isotope [3]. Significant developments in manufacturing the specific generator used for producing this isotope, i.e., \({}^{68}\)Ge/\({}^{68}\)Ga, have been among the most important factors affecting growth in the medical use of gallium [4]. The \({}^{68}\)Ga isotope has a half-life of 67.7 min, whereas the parent \({}^{68}\)Ge has a half-life of 270.8 days [2]; most \({}^{68}\)Ga energy (i.e., 89%) decays through positron emission, the maximum beta emission from gallium is 1.92 MeV, and the remaining energy is emitted by orbital electron capture. Gamma rays emitted from the \({}^{68}\)Ga isotope have higher energy compared with other isotopic emissions and it is therefore associated with a greater occupational health hazard [3]. Oxidative stress is the inability of cells and tissues to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as a result of exposure to ionizing agents [5]; oxidative stress is based on impaired intracellular redox homeostasis due to several types of inducers; for example, ionizing radiation is biologically described as oxidative stress [6]. Elevated oxidative stress leads to the massive production of free radicals, which can result in biological damage and numerous diseases [7]. The oxidative stress level is determined by the body's ability to detoxify the produced ROS. Fatigue, memory loss, muscle and joint pain, decreased vision, headaches, and nose sensitivity are ranked as moderate oxidative stress symptoms [8]. Cancer, respiratory disease, Parkinson's disease, heart disease, arthritis, stroke, immune deficiency, emphysema, and many ischemic or inflammatory conditions are symptoms of higher levels of free radical production [9]. The binding of oxygen to a hemoglobin molecule is highly dependent on the energy state of the iron atom inside the hemoglobin molecule. Oxyhemoglobin (Hb-O\({}_{2}\)) is the functional (i.e., oxygen-loaded) form of hemoglobin (Hb). When hemoglobin is exposed to oxidizing agents, the heme iron may be converted from a ferrous (+2) to a ferric state (+3), generating methemoglobin (Met-Hb), which ineffective for the binding and the transport of oxygen [10; 11]. Other non-functional forms of Hb are carboxyhemoglobin or carbonylhemoglobin (Hb-CO) and sulfhemoglobin (S-Hb), generated respectively by the irreversible coordination of CO to the heme iron or by the addition of a sulfur atom in the pyrrole ring [12]. The body's intracellular antioxidant defense system is essential for maintaining normal levels of oxyhemoglobin, and the first-line defense antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are important components of the system responsible for carrying out this essential role [13]. _Angelica archangelica_, or Norwegian angelica, is a member of the Umbelliferae family, with a long folk history of medical uses [14]. Leaves and roots have commonly been used as traditional treatments for digestive disorders and to enhance blood circulation [15]. The herb root can be crushed and stored for years, thereby allowing its benefits to be saved and then retrieved through water extraction, which is known to produce an extract containing an effective dose of antioxidants. Specifically, root water extracts have been recommended for treating loss of appetite and dyspeptic complaints [16]. The _German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines_ approved _A.