## 7 Conclusions  
The uses and benefits of space technology are myriad and too many to itemise. Earth observation, remote sensing and geoscientific ground investigations specifically are revolutionising the application of scientific method to problem solving and conduct of international relations in Africa. Three of such important areas are (a) boundaries delimitation, demarcation, management and conservation; (b) discovery, protection and monitoring of relict and other archaeological features and heritage sites; (c) Disaster regulation and management of natural and human-induced threats to health and conservation. In all these areas international laws and specifically Space Law is yet to develop an impressive body of jurisprudence and provisions. Yet there is a good number of international legal instruments to which most countries of the world and impressively nearly all African countries are well subscribed to. The benefits to African countries are manifest in many areas but particularly in the areas discussed and highlighted above. Space applications now provide means of verification of truth and practical solutions to legal problems beyond the wildest imagination and expectations of even 20 th Century lawyers, judges, diplomats, statesmen and administrators. Space science thus, enriches lives in fulfilment of much of the dreams of space exploration as envisaged by the drafters of the space treaties. The manifestation of progress in the areas highlighted above within Africa is exactly what UN member states had in mind when they agreed that there are \"... great prospects opening up before mankind as a result of man's entry into outer space\" and expressed the belief that \"the exploration and use of outer space should be carried on for the benefit of all peoples irrespective of the degree of their economic or scientific development.\"  
Space science and technology will furthermore unleash tremendous growth in many African states over the next few years and decades. A bottom up approach to the teaching and practice of science and technology in general is required. Education relating to the geospatial sciences will be crucial to solving the future challenges in all the major areas of activities explored in this paper. Africa must therefore, rapidly improve upon the numbers of graduates of space sciences and indeed in space law. Whether a state is complying with international obligations or not will be decided upon through earth observation, remote sensing and geoscientific ground investigations. In May 2018 North Korea's leader, [PERSON] as a show of good faith of his commitment to building \"a nuclear-free peaceful world\" allowed a select group of journalists from Britain, China, Russia, South Korea and the United States to witness the destruction of a nuclear test site. It was really the emergence of before and after satellite imagery pictures of the test site that granted popular verification of the event. Further Satellite imagery showing the apparent dismantling of facilities at the Sohae satellite launching station, North Korea, emerged on 22 July 2018. These indicate North Korea has begun dismantling key facilities at a site used to develop engines for ballistic missiles in further proof of its denuclearisation policies. [PERSON] \"Destruction of Test Site is viewed by Journalists\" _The New York Times International_ Friday 25 May 2018, p. A8; [PERSON], \"Satellite images indicate North Korea has begun dismantling key facilities at a site used to develop engines for ballistic missiles\" [145; 146]. The spread of and extent of ownership of resources around and across state boundaries will be routinely determined via remote sensing just as the evaluation of threats to these reserves will be done on real time basis. Judges are not geospatial experts and they are not expected to be; however, courts will under their pertinent legal rules of procedure take evidence and/or judicial notice of the basic scientific facts that are adduced before them by experts.