# Detecting Atypical Values and Their Influence on Blast-Induced Seismic Measurement Results
## 2 Materials and Methods
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Borehole** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Distance** \\ **(m)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{v}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{v}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{v}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PVS** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Borehole** \\ **(m)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Distance** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{v}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PPV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **PV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **PV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **PV\({}_{\textbf{i}}\)** \\ **(mm/s)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{B1} & 5 & 39.2 & 173 & 161 & 207 & 5 & 84.3 & 69.1 & 79.2 & 116 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 10 & 11.7 & 55.9 & 47.8 & 64.5 & 10 & 26 & 46.7 & 87.1 & 98.9 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 15 & 16.5 & 23 & 26.2 & 29.8 & 15 & 28.8 & 10.7 & 31.9 & 42.6 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 25 & 15.1 & 26.5 & 20.1 & 34.6 & 20 & 21.6 & 9.91 & 19.3 & 25.9 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 30 & 12.3 & 9.27 & 6.6 & 15.8 & 25 & 8.51 & 5.46 & 9.02 & 9.24 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 35 & 10.9 & 8.89 & 9.78 & 15.3 & 30 & 6.48 & 4.83 & 11.2 & 12.6 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 40 & 4.19 & 7.11 & 6.48 & 8.05 & 35 & 7.37 & 5.08 & 12.1 & 12.5 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{B2} & 9.5 & 11.4 & 30.1 & 26 & 36.3 & 40 & 3.94 & 4.06 & 8.38 & 9.39 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 14.5 & 8.64 & 41.7 & 21.3 & 42.7 & 10 & 12.2 & 21.3 & 21.3 & 24.8 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 19.5 & 18 & 15.5 & 30.1 & 34.8 & 15 & 12.6 & 11 & 12.2 & 16.3 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 29.5 & 16 & 17.5 & 21.8 & 29 & 20 & 13.5 & 9.65 & 20.6 & 21.9 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 34.5 & 7.62 & 5.59 & 4.7 & 10.2 & 25 & 8.13 & 4.76 & 11.4 & 14 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 39.5 & 10.3 & 6.86 & 11.9 & 13 & 30 & 2.41 & 5.08 & 7.49 & 7.74 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 44.5 & 4.06 & 5.71 & 5.21 & 7.38 & 35 & 3.56 & 3.56 & 9.4 & 9.68 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{B3} & 10 & 69.2 & 53.8 & 58.5 & 83.1 & 40 & 6.1 & 4.7 & 11.4 & 12 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 15 & 10.7 & 31.5 & 27.4 & 35.08 & 45 & 3.94 & 2.03 & 7.49 & 7.55 \\ \cline{2-11}  & 20 & 9.78 & 21.8 & 17.7 & 24.1 & 15 & 21.3 & 28.4 & 16.8 & 31.2 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-11}  & 25 & 4.95 & 15 & 17.7 & 18.6 & 20 & 14.2 & 3.17 & 18.2 & 21.9 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-11}  & 30 & 4.06 & 11.2 & 15.2 & 16.2 & 25 & 15.9 & 10.5 & 23.7 & 24.8 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-11}  & 35 & 15.6 & 11.6 & 32.1 & 34.3 & 30 & 6.6 & 3.05 & 15 & 15.3 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-11}  & 40 & 5.33 & 8.64 & 14 & 15 & 35 & 3.3 & 3.81 & 10.4 & 10.5 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The measurement data of the blast-induced seismic effects for all 17 boreholes. Figure 1: Test site with the marked location of the test blasts area. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
The general form of the regression curve equation attained from the measurements during blasting works [32] is as follows:  
\[PPV=H(SD)^{-\beta} \tag{1}\]  
where \(SD\) is the scaled distance (m/kg\({}^{1/2}\)), \(H\) is coefficient in the blast design, and \(\beta\) is the attenuation coefficient. Both coefficients are determined by test blasts. The scaled distance (2) is required to determine the peak particle velocity when both charge weight per delay \(W\) (kg) and distance \(R\) (m) vary [3]. \[SD=\frac{R}{\sqrt{W}} \tag{2}\]  
It should be noted that the comparison of the effect of the detonation properties of the different explosives on blast-induced ground oscillation velocity, i.e., peak particle velocity, can be achieved through the equivalent weight approach.