## 1 Introduction  
Atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), where they attain large amplitudes, play an important role in the general circulation of the atmosphere. The tidal components, which follow the apparent westward propagation of the Sun relative to the Earth's surface, are called migrating tides, and are a function of local time (LT) alone [1]. They are predominantly forced by solar radiation absorption in the tropospheric water vapor and stratospheric ozone. All non-Sun-synchronous tidal components are called nonmigrating tides [2], or these are all tides propagating eastward, zonally symmetric ones, and those propagating westward but with a different phase speed from that of the apparent motion of the Sun. Nonmigrating tides are thought to have two major sources: nonlinear wave-wave interaction processes in the stratosphere-mesosphere region [3; 4; 5; 6], and the release of latent heat by deep convective clouds in the tropical troposphere [7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12]. Deep convection largely depends on land-sea distribution and sea-surface temperatures; hence, such a source of nonmigrating tides leads to their dependence on universal time (UT) and longitude. The presence of nonmigrating tides in the surface pressure observations was reported first by [PERSON] and [PERSON], 1970 [1], and further developed by [PERSON], 1989 [2]. Their detection in the upper levels of the atmosphere, however, was possible only after the advent of global satellite measurements at altitudes where the tidal signal is significantly large in comparison with other variations. It is also important to note that satellite observationsallow us to separate the nonmigrating from migrating tides and to study their global structures and temporal variability [5; 6; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21]. Based on the above-mentioned studies, it appears that the nonmigrating tides are quite large, and often exceed the corresponding migrating tides in the lower thermosphere [6; 16; 22; 23; 24; 25]. They lead to longitudinal variations in the local time structures of neutral winds and temperatures in the MLT region [26]. Among the most frequently used space-based instruments for investigating atmospheric tides in the MLT region during the last decade has been the SABER instrument onboard the TIMED satellite, which provides continuous temperature profiles from the lower stratosphere to the lower thermosphere (20-110 km) at middle and low latitudes (\(\pm 50^{\circ}\)). Owing to the orbit design of the satellite, the SABER data of the 60 days resolution has been usually utilized for clarifying the global structures and climatological features of the temperature migrating and nonmigrating tides in the middle atmosphere [20; 22; 23; 27; 28; 29]. Recently [PERSON] et al., 2015 [30], proposed a new approach for extracting the tidal characteristics with 1 day resolution, and particularly investigated the diurnal eastward-propagating tide with zonal wave number 3 (noted as DE3). The authors found that the DE3 components, based on 11 years of observations (2002-2012), are similar to those of previous works [16; 27]. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al., 2015 [30], reported that the DE3 component is slightly stronger during the eastward wind QBO phase than the westward phase, a result obtained before by [PERSON] et al., 2010 and 2014 [27; 31]. The same method for extracting the tidal characteristics with 1-day time resolution was applied by [PERSON] et al., 2017 [32], to study the semidiurnal eastward propagating tide with zonal wavenumber 2 (marked as SE2) tide; again, it was found that the climatology is analogous of the previous result presented by [PERSON] et al., 2010 [27], and [PERSON], 2011 [21]. Very recently, [PERSON] et al., 2023 [33], reported the climatology and QBO influence on the nonmigrating DE3 tide in the zonal wind extracted with 1-day resolution from the TIDI instrument onboard the TIMED satellite.