## 5 Case Study
### Drinking-Water System Calculation
#### 5.1.1 Drinking-Water System Calculation--Case Study 1  
The designed house has the basic appliances for a structure of this type distributed on a single floor. It is assigned an occupancy of five habitants and a garden area of 20 m\({}^{2}\). As mentioned in Section 4.1, the input parameters incorporated by the user correspond to the preliminary layout of the drinking water and sewage networks and the global characteristics of the project. Figure 5 shows the 3D model created with Autodesk(r) Revit(r), where the fixtures and cold-water, hot-water and drainage networks are identified. Table 6 details the global project data in accordance with the requirements of Chilean regulations. The second step of the process is the insertion of the preliminary information for the project into the project information chart, as shown in Table 6 and Figure 6.  
Once the information for the architectural model has been complemented with the manual routing and the general information for the project, it is necessary to ensure the correct modelling of the connections between pipes and fixtures so that the data will not present errors resulting from manual routing. Then, script 1 and script 2 from Dynamo are executed, which extract and order the information, identify the fixed and variable parameters for the design, group them and create nodes that determine the pipe sections and their connections in order to determine of the critical route of the system. This information assigns names to the systems and nodes (through scripts 3 and 4). Figure 7 shows the result of the identification of the nodes and systems within the structure. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Building Type** & **Subtype** & **Number of** & **Garden or** & **Recirculating** & **Pool Volume** & **Pool Volume** & **Firefighting** \\  & & **Occupants** & **Lawn Surface** & **Pool Volume** & **Recirculation** & **Network** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Single-family \\ house \\ \end{tabular} } & House with one & \multirow{3}{*}{Five residents} & \multirow{3}{*}{20 m\({}^{2}\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{0} & \multirow{3}{*}{0} & \multirow{3}{*}{0} \\  & and a half & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & bathrooms & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Global data for the single-family house case study. Figure 5: Sanitary plumbing network layout in a single-family house. The information generated and extracted from the model is inserted into the spreadsheet. Each system present in the house (cold water and hot water) is differentiated and the information is sorted according to the entities derived from the 3D model. Figure 8 shows the distribution of the information in the parameter insertion spreadsheet. The information is then processed using automatic iterative formulations in MS Excel(r), modifying the diameter of each pipe section until a value that complies with the minimum standards of the regulation and the previously adopted criteria is obtained (Table 4). As a result, the data corresponding to the tables for the total flow rates of the fixtures contained in the house (Table 7) and for the calculation of the meter (Table 8) are obtained. The diameter of and losses in the drinking water-meter can be calculated similarly. According to Table 9, the actual maximum daily consumption is not high enough for the pressure losses to be less than 5 mca. Therefore, the consumption corresponding to the 19 mm meter, obtained from Table 4 with the probable maximum flow, is automatically assigned, resulting in a pressure loss that complies with the regulations. Table 9 shows the losses in the cold-water network of the house, summarising the results subject to restrictions and improving the general visualisation of the values. Table 10 summarises the losses corresponding to the hot-water network of the house. Figure 6: Project information chart for single-family house. Figure 7: Results after the application of scripts 3 and 4: (a) node identification and (b) sanitary plumbing system recognition.