# Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Tools to Support
## 4 Future Perspective  
As a part of the systematic review of the literature, this study also proposes the following three general suggestions for future research in order to shed light on issues identified during the review process (Figure 21). Considering the ever-increasing stresses upon and loss of wetland areas, implementing the following suggestions in the future seems both appropriate and necessary, and has a high potential to make a difference to practitioners and policymakers. (1)  
Wetland sustainability policy: wetlands are at risk, and those around agricultural land or near urban areas have suffered huge losses with extended cultivation and urbanization. This indicates that upgrades and reinforcements of existing legislation,  
Figure 21: General overview of key recommendations for future studies to combat the challenges of wetland monitoring. Figure 20: The main tools used for data preprocessing and processing in wetland studies. The larger the text, the more frequently the tool used in papers. policies, programs, and strategic ecosystem plans are seriously required to protect and preserve wetlands habitat. Land use decisions are mostly influenced by agricultural policies and urban planners. On the one hand, agricultural policies try to act as an economic stimulus (economic gain trumps) for crop production and cultivation expansion, which constitutes an encroachment on wetland areas. On the other hand, with the expansion of urbanization around wetlands, many people now live in and around wetlands and rely on their resources for their livelihoods. Moreover, wetlands near urban centers are under increasing developmental pressure for residential purposes. Accordingly, educating the community about the importance and benefits of wetlands and encouraging volunteer monitoring programs are perhaps the best ways to protect them. Indeed, developing community advocacy that is persistent, watchful, and active to empower communities to be more active stewards of wetlands would be wise to preserve wetlands. Doing so could minimize the adverse/negative effects of agricultural activities and urban expansion on neighboring and adjacent wetlands. As a consequence, decisions by local communities are critical to the successful sustainable management of wetlands. 2. The use of state-of-the-art DL models combined with GEE has the potential to make substantial progress toward wetland status monitoring, which has remained undocumented in the literature. Utilizing such a system would allow a large area of wetlands, whether globally or nationally, to be studied for automatic and efficient monitoring, thereby minimizing human involvement in data processing and enhancing the accuracy of monitoring results. Therefore, intelligent monitoring and assessment of wetland status are essential for wetland management and strategy formulation. 3. Based on Figure 19c, SAR images show high potential for wetland monitoring. The recent deployment of SAR systems in RS, such as in the RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM), has resulted in a number of new applications [188]. This mission is a continuation of RADARSAT-1 and RADARSAT-2 and is conducted by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) under the RADARSAT project. It offers a variety of imaging modes from 100 m low resolution to high 3 m resolution [188,189]. As noted before, the primary advantage of SAR is that it provides repeatable data acquisition while being relatively unaffected by atmospheric effects, making it a reliable data acquisition technology. In the ongoing efforts to inventory wetlands and monitor their changes, RCM is expected to provide an essential source of C-band SAR data. Although the RCM is a Canadian commercial mission, given the high number of papers affiliated with Canadian researchers, it is somewhat strange that the RCM compact polarimetry data have not yet attracted the interest of wetland researchers. This is partly due to the lack of a suitable standard coverage, but one has been added by the CSA to improve the availability of suitable data.