# Post-Flood Risk Management and Resilience Building Practices: A Case Study
###### Abstract  
The study was conducted to assess the post 2010 flood risk management and resilience-building practices in District Layyah, Pakistan. Exploratory research was applied to gain knowledge of flood risk management to embed the disaster risk reduction, mitigation, and adaptation strategies at the local government and community level. Around 200 questionnaires were collected from the four devastated areas/union councils. Primary data from the field uncovered flood risk management practices by organizations, local government, and the community. It highlights resilience-building practices undertaken by the community through rehabilitation, community participation, and local indigenous practices. The role of the District Layyah's local government and organizations to mitigate the 2010 flood and their contribution towards flood resilience in affected communities was investigated, as no comparable studies were carried out in the riverine belt of District Layyah previously. Moreover, the tangible and non-tangible measures to lessen the vulnerability to floods and improve flood risk governance at a local level were identified. This study makes a valuable contribution in strengthening the resilience building of vulnerable communities by recommending few changes in existing practices concerning flood risk at a local level. flood; integrated flood risk management; resilience building; emergency planning; disaster risk reduction; community participation; disaster preparedness +
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sector, community, national and international organizations during, pre and post-disaster situation [3; 4]. Amongst all-weather events, floods are most common. There is a trend of increasing urbanization and it is estimated that 61% of the world population will live in cities by 2030 [5]. The persistent urban growth and shortage of diligent planning boost the cities' vulnerability to flooding disasters [6]. So, understanding flood risk is very crucial to manage and make timely decisions to address flood challenges. The European Flood Directive (2007) has defined flood risk as an association of the likelihood of flood disaster and its possible detrimental impacts on the environment, health, culture, and economic life of human beings [7]. Floods are a bare opportunity for a city to get rightful economic and social advantages, and the relative potency of institutions that take part in flood risk management can be scrutinized against their area. In developing countries like Pakistan reactive practices have been adopted to mitigate flood hazards and using ad hoc structural inventions for diverting flood risks rather than reducing them. These practices are deemed to be effective partially. Risk, hazard, vulnerability, exposure, resistance, resilience, coping, and adaptive capacity of communities; form an ally to describe flood risk management. Flood risk management needs a strategy that can stabilize sustainability with present needs. So, integrated flood risk management includes a combination of both structural and non-structural measures [8; 9; 10; 11]. River defenses such as the construction of levees, dams, dikes, embankments, and channelization are included in structural measures. While nonstructural measures reduce the impacts of floods and the vulnerability of people and communities with the help of early flood warning systems, flood emergency response, disaster risk reduction (DRR), and evacuation schemes. There is a need to improve existing structural measures by increasing the water storage capacity. Pakistan's existing reservoir capacity is 9% which is quite lower than the world average, i.e., 40%. The current storage capacity is 22.8 bcm which is expected to reduce by 57% by 2025 [12; 13; 14]. A lot of emphases have been laid on developing small dams which can provide irrigation facilities to small-scale farmers. The country has heavily invested in its water infrastructure, however, due to lack of management, much of the infrastructure is decaying and needs an asset management plan [15; 16; 17].