# VidBlock: A Web3.0-Enabled Decentralized Blockchain Architecture for Live Video Streaming
## 2 Background and Related Works
### Comparison of Existing Decentralized Approaches

Table 2: Comparison of features between VidBlock and related decentralized streaming research. VidBlock sets itself apart by aiming for a fully decentralized, Web3.0-based architecture tailored to real-time P2P streaming. It emphasizes user data ownership and privacy, providing users with direct control over their data through blockchain-based smart contracts and personal storage solutions. In addition, VidBlock leverages relay nodes within its P2P architecture to enhance content distribution efficiency, minimize latency, and ensure stable performance during high-traffic scenarios. This approach contrasts with other studies, which incorporate blockchain into video streaming in more limited and specific ways without fully utilizing relay nodes for performance optimization. [PERSON] [24] focuses on enhancing content delivery networks (CDNs) by integrating blockchain to improve adaptive streaming and democratize content delivery. Their approach uses decentralized storage (e.g., IPFS, Filecoin) and smart contracts to enhance security and transparency in traditional CDN models. While their study highlights blockchain's potential to address issues such as content piracy and unauthorized access, it remains rooted in a CDN-based structure and does not fully integrate P2P streaming or relay nodes for performance enhancement. Unlike VidBlock, which employs relay nodes to dynamically distribute network load and optimize real-time streaming, [24] retains a reliance on centralized CDN elements and focuses more on content delivery optimization rather than real-time performance. [PERSON] et al. [25] offer a conceptual analysis of blockchain's role in video streaming, identifying technical challenges and open research questions without implementing a specific solution. Their study discusses the gap between industry practices and academic research in blockchain streaming applications and stresses the importance of standardization for blockchain adoption in media streaming. Ref. [25] proposes a theoretical framework with possible network architectures but does not focus on practical, real-time performance or data sovereignty. Unlike VidBlock, which prioritizes low-latency P2P streaming and user-controlled data, [25] concentrates on conceptual aspects and high-level challenges rather than developing a concrete, user-focused solution. VidBlock's experimental focus \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|p{56.9 pt}|} \hline
**Feature** & \begin{tabular}{c} **VidBlock** \\ **(The Proposed System)** \\ \end{tabular} & [PERSON][PERSON] [24]** & **[PERSON] et al. [25]** & **[PERSON] et al. [26]** & **[PERSON] et al. [27]** & **[PERSON] \& [PERSON] [28]** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Performance evaluation of main process, memory usage, and relay node recovery performance & No experiments, primarily focuses on improving CDN limitations & Theoretical discussion and case studies only & Performance evaluation using Ethereum Rinkeby test network & Experimental validation of P2P efficiency with swarm blockchain-based access control \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & Increased stability and scalability for scalability for real-time streaming through a decentralized, serverless, architecture & Improved CDN performance and enhanced copyright protection & Defined potential benefits and slowest of blockchain in streaming & Introduced a novel economic model for charging based on usage & Efficient and cost-effective video delivery & Secure video sharing platform addressing privacy and intellectual property \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-6}  & & & & usage & techniques & property concerns \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._on real-time streaming and data ownership directly addresses the practical applications that [25] only outlines theoretically. [PERSON] et al.