Shortly, ERPs are comprised by a series of positive and negative voltage deflections, such as the P200 potential peak representing visual processes appearing about 200-300 ms after the stimuli [28], followed by the P300 appearing 300 ms or later after the stimuli, representing more cognitive processes, arising in the centro-parietal cortex [29]. The ERP responses provide information about the visual and cognitive processes [30] and along with investigations on the oscillations in different frequencies will shade a light into the human interpretation of the complexity of fractal and natural textures, as this research will further demonstrate. We evaluate the brain responses to two distinct groups of images, natural and fractal synthetic textures, with similar complexity ranges according to Color Fractal Dimension [31], in comparison with reference images of no complexity. For that, we use specific instruments for image analysis, and instruments of brain signal processing (EEG analysis). The study proposes the investigation of first visual perception triggered by subconscious processes and cognitive human interpretation over the complexity of color images (conscious), both synthetic fractal and natural texture images, in an experimental study with healthy participants. We perform preparatory experiments to get insights into human perception regarding the texture and its naturalness and form the ground basis for a more in-depth study. We start by quantifying complexity in simple textural structures from the surrounding environment (no complex scenes) and complement with synthetic fractal images which do not have a well-defined content and interpretation at the brain level, supported by the fact that complex systems are neither completely regular nor completely random [32]. Further we are interested in the connections between perception and complexity which can be further useful not only for image quality assessment applications [33] (e.g., for Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality systems, where the naturalness of the computer-generated environment plays a vital role for the complete immersion of the human in the virtual environment [34]). The experimental concept used to investigate brain responses relates to the Oddball paradigm, where the visualization and perception of the stimuli, in our case visual stimuli, will generate the Event-Related Potential (ERP), complemented by the ERD/ERS phenomena expected to appear in the alpha band or higher as response to cognitive sub-processes and reasoning. While the majority of scientific research focuses on more informative EEG setups with 16 channels or more, with robust systems and in controlled environments, the practical applications would benefit more from flexible and compact systems [26; 35; 36; 37]. Therefore, in this study we start by investigating human brain perception, by accessing less information from the EEG (6 channels), using a trade-off between a controlled environment and a WiFi EEG system. In the following, the experiment will be described in Section 2. In Section 3, an overview of the methods used to analyze the brain signals: cleaning and filtering, investigation methods in the temporal, spectral and tempo-spectral domains and classification. The analysis and classification results are comprised in Section 4, while Section 5 presents conclusions and opens the directions to future work.