## 3 Results
### Demographic Differences among Respondents and Physical Features of Photos
Error** & **Beta** & & & **Tolerance** & **VIF** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.509,n=180\))} & (Constant) & 1.188 & 1.702 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.133\)} & 1.698 & 0.235 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.222} & 4.513 \\  & M & \(-0.064\) & 0.306 & \(-0.133\) & \(-2.211\) & 0.047 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\  & E & 0.395 & 0.352 & 0.968 & 2.121 & 0.044 & 0.119 & 8.429 \\  & P & \(-0.104\) & 0.169 & \(-0.337\) & \(-4.616\) & 0.011 & 0.296 & 3.375 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.613,n=140\))} & (Constant) & 5.167 & 3.350 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.564\)} & 2.542 & 0.121 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.222} & 4.513 \\  & M & \(-0.340\) & 0.602 & \(-0.556\) & \(-4.566\) & 0.011 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\  & D & \(-0.993\) & 0.934 & \(-1.037\) & \(-5.064\) & 0.006 & 0.225 & 4.447 \\  & P & 0.115 & 0.332 & 0.294 & \(2.347\) & 0.042 & 0.296 & 3.375 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.581,n=98\))} & (Constant) & 1.974 & 1.879 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.356\)} & 3.050 & 0.071 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.222} & 4.513 \\  & M & \(0.227\) & 0.338 & 0.356 & \(2.772\) & 0.050 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\  & D & 0.146 & 0.524 & 0.146 & \(5.078\) & 0.009 & 0.225 & 4.447 \\  & C & \(-0.331\) & 0.386 & \(-0.294\) & \(-3.860\) & 0.039 & 0.534 & 1.873 \\  & E & \(-0.046\) & 0.389 & \(-0.085\) & \(-4.117\) & 0.014 & 0.119 & 8.429 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{35–59 years old (adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.711,n=93\))} & (Constant) & 1.950 & 1.771 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.280\)} & 2.601 & 0.151 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.053} & \multirow{4}{*}{1.873} \\  & M & \(-0.133\) & 0.318 & \(-0.280\) & \(-5.419\) & 0.003 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\  & E & \(-0.450\) & 0.366 & \(-1.120\) & \(-3.229\) & 0.027 & 0.119 & 8.429 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{60 years old or older (adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.539,n=129\))} & (Constant) & 2.357 & 0.381 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.423\)} & 6.192 & 0.008 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.222} & 4.513 \\  & M & \(-0.188\) & 0.068 & \(-0.423\) & \(-7.750\) & 0.001 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\  & D & \(-0.571\) & 0.106 & \(-0.820\) & \(-5.376\) & 0.013 & 0.225 & 4.447 \\  & C & \(0.618\) & 0.078 & 0.783 & \(9.907\) & 0.001 & 0.534 & 1.873 \\  & P & 0.361 & 0.038 & 1.272 & 2.568 & 0.072 & 0.296 & 3.375 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Higher education (adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.714,n=137\))} & (Constant) & 2.781 & 0.653 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.742\)} & 4.262 & 0.024 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.054} & \multirow{4}{*}{1.873} \\  & C & \(0.668\) & 0.134 & 0.742 & 4.986 & 0.016 & 0.534 & 1.873 \\ \cline{1-1}  & E & \(-0.680\) & 0.135 & \(-1.590\) & \(-3.042\) & 0.050 & 0.119 & 8.429 \\ \cline{1-1}  & P & 0.393 & 0.065 & 1.212 & 6.072 & 0.009 & 0.296 & 3.375 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{No higher education (adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.631,n=183\))} & (Constant) & 1.228 & 1.160 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-0.280\)} & 2.259 & 0.067 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.222} & 4.513 \\  & M & \(0.138\) & 0.208 & 0.325 & 3.662 & 0.045 & 0.222 & 4.513 \\ \cline{1-1}  & D & \(-0.016\) & 0.323 & \(-0.024\) & \(-6.454\) & 0.006 & 0.225 & 4.447 \\ \cline{1-1}  & E & \(-0.109\) & 0.240 & \(-0.305\) & \(-5.537\) & 0.025 & 0.119 & 8.429 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{With design experience (adjusted \(\mathbb{R}^{2}=0.58,n=126\))} & (Constant) & 5.231 & 1.129 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(-1.061\)} & 4.634 & 0.019 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.019} \\  & D & \(-0.988\) & 0.315 & \(-1.061\) & \(-4.140\) & 0.042 & 0.225 & 4.447 \\ \cline{1-1}  & C & \(-0.190\) & 0.232 & \(-0.180\) & \(-4.119\) & 0.043 & 0.534 & 1.873 \\ \cline{1-1}  & P & 0.276 & 0.112 & 0.726 & 5.766 & 0.019 & 0.296 & 3.375 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Without design experience (adjusted \(\mathbbFor the respondents aged 18-34 years, the exterior contour of the entrance pavilion (M), facade permeability (D), cultural characteristics (C), and decorative materials (E) were reliable predictors. For the respondents aged 35-59 years, the exterior contour of the entrance pavilion (M) and decorative materials (E) were reliable predictors.