# Enhanced YOLO- and Wearable-Based Inspection System for Automotive Wire Harness Assembly
## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Detection System Device  
#### 2.1.1 Detection System Introduction  
To meet the demands of rapid and accurate relay installation on automotive assembly lines, the automotive wiring harness assembly vision inspection system employs electronic glasses as a wearable image acquisition device for the real-time monitoring of workers' relay installation process. Under the premise of not interfering with the workers' normal assembly workflow and operations, the system incorporates \"electronic eyes\". This allows workers to focus on their manual assembly actions, delegating the more detailed and efficient inspection tasks to the \"electronic eyes\". The system, based on the assembler's first-person perspective, captures images of the assembly state, actions, and materials during the process. These images are then transmitted wirelessly to a vision inspection server for processing and analysis. Ultimately, the system outputs assembly prompts and quality assessment results, verifying whether the workers' operations conform to the technical requirements. The workers can then use these results to make corrections and standardize their assembly actions, ensuring the completion of the assembly correctly. The implementation of this system helps prevent missed and incorrect installations, enhances quality assurance, and achieves flexible inspection in industrial assembly operations.  
The work cycle for the automotive wiring harness assembly station is 55 s, characterized by a high frequency of operations, tight working hours, and limited surrounding space. The wiring harnesses for relay installation are in irregular states, and the installation positions vary. The automotive wiring harnesses and relays are shown in Figure 1.  
The vision detection system for automotive wiring harness assembly utilizes electronic glasses as the imaging device. This device, weighing a total of 120 g (including the battery), employs advanced optical imaging technology. It is designed with various wearing options such as a duckbill cap, safety helmet, and protective goggles, offering high comfort for all-day wear and adaptable to the needs of various work environments.  
Figure 1: Wiring harness and relay physical diagram.  
The electronic glasses have a hot-swappable battery power supply mode, which meets the 24 h working requirements through a lithium battery power supply method for one use and one backup. Equipped with up to 4 K 30 fps video streaming capabilities and a 12-megapixel autofocus camera, they fulfill the needs for image information collection. With an 8-core 2.52 GHz CPU, 64 GB storage, and 6 GB RAM, along with the Android 9.0+ operating system, they can handle high-performance processing demands in industrial scenarios. A 28\({}^{\circ}\) field of view with two-axes vision adjustment meets the requirements for a wide collection range. The WiFi network connection, combined with light waveguide screens, voice, touchpad, and button controls for display and operation, makes the device user friendly. The wearable electronic glasses image acquisition device is shown in Figure 2.