## 6 Conclusions  
The feasibility of the sea ice motion measurement using the MCC technique and multi-temporal high-resolution optical satellite images from multi-sensors (which have become more available in polar regions with short acquisition time intervals) was tested. Although decreased complexity of image texture caused less favorable conditions for the MCC approach as it had overall lower cross-correlation coefficients, the sea ice motion extracted from the image pairs of the spatial resolution of 15 m yielded similar RMSEs and biases of the measurements to the image pairs resampled to the spatial resolution of 4 m as the dense motion vector field allowed the extraction of motion vectors for validations to be placed in the same rigid sea ice plate. The errors in the motion vector measurements were mainly affected by the geolocation error of the satellite images, and were improved compared with previous studies using low-resolution passive microwave or radar remote sensing datasets.  
The small-scale kinematics observable from the dense sea ice motion field were affected by enlarged pixel size as the discretization uncertainty. The openings and closings between ice floes, and shear were less detectable from the image pairs resampled to the spatial resolution of 15 m, when compared with the image pairs resampled to the spatial resolution of 4 m.  
Using multi-temporal high-resolution optical satellite images enabling precise image block matching (as shown in the results of this study) can be linked to the capability of specific or individual ice floe tracking that is applicable to validate wide-range sea ice motion modeling studies as a supplementary or alternative dataset to buoy based reference datasets. It has the further advantage of frequent image acquisition capability in multiple areas by means of multiple operational satellites, for example, the satellites of similar sensor characteristics such as Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2; the satellites managed by same operator such as KOMPSATs; the satellites phased on the same orbit such as SPOT 6, SPOT 7, Pleiades 1A and Pleiades 1B; and identical satellites forming constellation in orbits such as RapidEye and PlanetScope. In further study, the sea ice motion and deformation measurements using high-resolution optical satellite images extending to a wider range of sea ice concentration conditions in a longer time period could expand the applicability of this approach to wider polar regions over a longer melting period.  
This study was supported by the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) grant PE17120 (Research on analytical technique for satellite observation of arctic sea ice). Partial support was provided by the grant from the project titled K-AOOS (KOPRI, PM17040), funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the KOMPSAT satellite images provided from the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. The ITP80 data were collected and made available by the Ice-Tethered Profiler Program based at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ([[http://www.whoi.edu/itp](http://www.whoi.edu/itp)]([http://www.whoi.edu/itp](http://www.whoi.edu/itp))).  
[PERSON] conceived, designed, and performed the experiments; analyzed the results; and wrote the manuscript. [PERSON] contributed major materials and analysis tools, and provided constructive comments on the whole manuscript.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.