## 3 Results and Discussion
### Textural Features
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{(a) **Starch Hydrogels**} \\ \hline  & **T \({}^{*}\)** & **Firmness** & **Adhesiveness** & **Cohesiveness** & **Springiness** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(kgf)** & **(kgf s)** & **(\({}^{\circ}\))** \\ \hline  & 140 & \(6.2\pm 0.4\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.18\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.59\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\  & 160 & \(5.3\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.14\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.55\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\
**Bark** & 180 & \(4.3\pm 0.4\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.50\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\  & 200 & \(3.6\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.13\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.09\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.43\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) \\  & 220 & \(2.8\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.05\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.07\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.39\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) \\  & 240 & \(2.4\pm 0.4\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.13\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.06\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.38\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) \\  & 140 & \(4.1\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.51\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\  & 160 & \(3.5\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.08\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.44\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) \\
**Leaves** & 180 & \(2.9\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.13\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.06\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.38\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) \\  & 200 & \(3.2\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.06\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) & \(0.37\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{g}}\) \\  & 220 & \(3.8\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.09\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.44\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) \\  & 240 & \(4.3\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.05\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.49\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\  & 140 & \(8.3\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.22\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.62\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) \\  & 160 & \(6.2\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.19\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.59\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\
**Petioles** & 180 & \(5.5\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.11\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.15\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.54\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\  & 200 & \(4.9\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.06\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) & \(0.50\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) \\  & 220 & \(4.0\pm 0.3\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.03\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) & \(0.46\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\  & 240 & \(3.5\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.13\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.09\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.41\pm 0.02\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{(b) **Gelatin hydrogels**} \\ \hline  & **T \({}^{*}\)** & **Firmness** & **Adhesiveness** & **Cohesiveness** & **Springiness** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(kgf)** & **(kgf s)** & **(\({}^{\circ}\))** & **(\({}^{\circ}\))** \\ \hline  & 140 & \(1.7\pm 0.2\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.13\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.28\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(0.23\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\  & 160 & \(1.3\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.12\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.24\pm 0.00\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(0.19\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\
**Bark** & 180 & \(1.0\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.14\pm 0.05\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.18\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(0.14\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\  & 200 & \(0.7\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.14\pm 0.04\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(0.15\pm 0.01\)\({}^{\text{f}}\) & \(0.10\pm 0.01\