# Analysis of Disinfection in Greenhouse Soils with Medium-Temperature Steam Produced by Solar Energy
## 3 Results
### Test on Cucumber Growing Soil  
The test soil was from the greenhouse cucumber cultivation soil [59; 60] of the Universidad Veracruzana. This was placed in a conical-shaped container which was perforated at the bottom for water drainage. This test was performed with the tube with four holes at different heights and directions each. The ambient temperature was taken from the Google Weather data (Version 6.0.12) so that the changes over the duration of the test were recorded. Tables 7-10 show the data obtained. In Table 7, it can be seen that the duration of the average heating time of the system is 30\({}^{\prime}\)86\({}^{\prime\prime}\), with a standard deviation of 17.24; this is because the maximum time is 69 min since the sky began to cloud, and the minimum time with a clear sky was 19 min at 11:06 a.m. As mentioned previously, the speed with which the temperature increases is greater when more cloudiness is present in the sky, which is why, for test 6, the heating time was 69 min, and a pressure of only 50 psi was achieved. As a consequence, little steam was produced at a low pressure, and with this, the exit time was the lowest at 40 s. In this test, the longest exit time on that day was obtained with 156 consecutive seconds of steam flow. In Figure 2 shows the temperature distribution in the container with soil when the test is carried out and how the steam from the PCC increases the temperature of the test soil. The part shown in red represents the highest temperature at the intake with a value of 51.4 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
### Test on Cucumber Growing Soil  
To carry out the tests on cucumber growing soil, the configuration of test #1 was considered. It was carried out on 25 January to 31 January 2022. Tables 8 and 9 show the results. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Trial**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Temp. Environmental**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Start Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**End Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Warm Up Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Pressure**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Steam Output**} \\  & (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & & & & \\ \hline
1 & 21 & 10:01 & 10:12 & 11 & 80 & 123 \\
2 & 21 & 10:16 & 10:27 & 11 & 80 & 130 \\
3 & 21 & 10:30 & 10:39 & 9 & 80 & 145 \\
4 & 21 & 10:41 & 10:56 & 15 & 80 & 147 \\
5 & 21 & 10:59 & 11:08 & 9 & 80 & 145 \\
6 & 22 & 11:11 & 11:21 & 10 & 80 & 153 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Test data 3. Tomato soil. Figure 2: System starting steam injection and Thermographic view—test 1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Trial**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Environmental**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Start Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**End Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Warm Up Time**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Pressure**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Steam Output**} \\  & & **Temp. (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & & & & \\ \hline
1 & 18 & 11:31 & 11:43 & 12 & 80 & 116 \\
2 & 18 & 11:46 & 11:59 & 13 & 80 & 134 \\
3 & 19 & 12:02 & 12:14 & 12 & 80 & 128 \\
4 & 19 & 12:20 & 12:31 & 11 & 80 & 116 \\
5 & 19 & 12:34 & 12:46 & 12 & 80 & 112 \\
6 & 19 & 12:50 & 13:01 & 11 & 80 & 114 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 9: Test 2 on cucumber growing soil. In Table 8 shows that the average heating time of the system is 14 min in order to reach 80 psi of pressure. It was also observed that the longest steam output time was 210 s at 11:01 a.m., with a heating time of 13 min. We can also see that in test 4, we had the longest steam release time, with a maximum of 156 s and a minimum of 40 s. The difference between these values is due to sudden climate changes. On the other hand, in 83.33% of the tests, a pressure of 80 psi could be reached. Table 9 shows the second test with the cucumber soil; in this, we can see that the ambient temperature was two degrees less than in the first test. However, this ambient temperature was constant during the time of the tests, so the time steam output fluctuated between 112 and 134 s, which is an acceptable variation. On the other hand, the pressure was kept constant at 80 psi.