## 6 Analysis Conducted
Number of articles per year (**a**) and countries of authors (**b**), the legend represents the number of articles per country. As only articles published in the year 2025 up to the month of January have been analyzed, this year appears with a dotted line (**a**). Regarding the number of citations of these articles, the article published in the journal Oecologia in 2008 [137] stood out, with 148 citations (Scopus). In second place, we found an article published in 2019 in the journal Applied Soil Ecology [61], with 109 (Scopus) and 98 (WoS) citations, and another one published in 2000 in the journal Ecological Entomology [116], with 98 citations in WoS. Only one article less than 5 years old ranked among the top 10 most cited articles, published in the journal Applied Soil Ecology in 2021 [77], with 37 (WoS) citations (Table 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Journal** & **Number of Papers** & **Paper References** \\ \hline Journal of Pest Science & 4 & [84; 85; 86; 87] \\ Pest Management Science & 4 & [88; 89; 90; 91] \\ Agonomy & 3 & [92; 93] \\ Annals of Applied Biology & 3 & [83; 94; 95] \\ Journal of Chemical Ecology & 3 & [96; 97; 98] \\ Applied Soil Ecology & 2 & [61; 77] \\ Biological Control & 2 & [99; 100] \\ Bulletin of Entomological Research & 2 & [101; 102] \\ Environmental Entomology & 2 & [103; 104] \\ Phytopathology & 2 & [105; 106] \\ African Entomology & 1 & [107] \\ Applied Biological Chemistry & 1 & [108] \\ Applied Sciences & 1 & [109] \\ Behavioral Ecology & 1 & [110] \\ Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology & 1 & [111] \\ BioControl & 1 & [112] \\ BMC Evolutionary Biology & 1 & [113] \\ Chemoecology & 1 & [114] \\ Current Science & 1 & [115] \\ Ecological Entomology & 1 & [116] \\ Ecotoxicology & 1 & [117] \\ Elife & 1 & [118] \\ Entomologia Experimentals et Applicata & 1 & [119] \\ Environmental Pollution & 1 & [120] \\ Environmental Science and Pollution Research & 1 & [20] \\ Forest Pathology & 1 & [121] \\ Frontiers in Microbiology & 1 & [122] \\ Frontiers in Plant Science & 1 & [123] \\ Fungal Ecology & 1 & [124] \\ Insects & 1 & [125] \\ Journal of Applied Entomology & 1 & [126] \\ Journal of Economic Entomology & 1 & [127] \\ Journal of Entomological Science & 1 & [128] \\ Journal of Insects as Food and Feed & 1 & [129] \\ Journal of Insect Science & 1 & [130] \\ Journal of Plant Protection Research & 1 & [131] \\ Journal of Stored Products Research & 1 & [132] \\ Microbial Ecology & 1 & [133] \\ Microorganisms & 1 & [134] \\ Nematology & 1 & [135] \\ Neotropical Entomology & 1 & [136] \\ Oecologia & 1 & [137] \\ Physiological Entomology & 1 & [138] \\ Phytoparasitic & 1 & [139] \\ Plant Physiology & 1 & [97] \\ PLoS ONE & 1 & [140] \\ The Plant Pathology Journal & 1 & [141] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Journals in which the reviewed papers were published. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that comprehensively analyzes the effects of insect frass on both abiotic and biotic agricultural stresses, as well as its potential drawbacks. This review provides a critical comparison of the existing studies and a practical perspective on the agricultural applications of insect frass, setting the foundation for future research and its potential implementation in sustainable farming.