## 3 Results
### Nanoparticles for Esophageal Cancer Treatment  
Different strategies for the treatment of esophageal cancer have been employed among the studies analyzed in this systematic review, using different combinations of chemotherapeutic agents, and siRNAs targeting different aspects of the neoplasm have been encapsulated in nanoparticles. Among all the studies, the ones focused on esophageal cancer were the least represented.  
[PERSON] et al. (2020) employed doxorubicin co-administered simultaneously with siLP-CAT in the same low lipid toxicity nanovector (EYLN). These NPs achieved excellent blood compatibility analyzed by hemolysis assay with only 2% cell lysis at the maximum concentration tested. In addition, the circulation time of the drugs increased by 20% at 72 h post-injection. Finally, a consistent in vivo antitumor effect was obtained, reaching an almost 90% tumoral volume reduction with respect to the PBS control and almost 80% with respect to the individual drugs 35 days after inoculation of the treatment [67].  
The last study was carried out by [PERSON] et al. (2022) using the drug Adriamycin combined with siRNAs targeting MVP and Bcl-2 using a pH-sensitive nanoplatform and functionalized with an EGFR antibody. The combined therapy induced superior G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and therefore improved cell cytotoxicity. In addition, the complete synergistic therapy was the only one that reduced esophageal tumor volume in vivo to below 100 mm\({}^{3}\), reaching a tumoral volume reduction of 80% compared to the chemotherapeutic agent alone; the other therapies simply reduced growth [68].  
Finally, in esophageal cancer, only two articles have been found that use this combination of treatments. Among the chemotherapeutic agents, we found Adriamycin and DOX, which have been combined with siRNAs aimed at inhibiting LPCAT1, Bcl-2 and MVP, reducing cell proliferation capacity and tumor growth in vivo (Table 5).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Nanoformulation** & **Chemotherapeutic** & **siRNA** & **Target** & **Targeting Ability** & **In Vitro Results** & **In Vivo Results** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Cationic liposomes \\ modified with PEG \\ (condensation) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{4}{*}{Paclitaxel} & \multirow{4}{*}{ABL} & \multirow{4}{*}{NS} & Decreased clonogenicity and increased apoptotic rate compared to the free chemotherapy. & A 55\% tumoral volume reduction between the complete therapy and the free drug and 5-fold decrease in tumor weight. & [65] \\ \cline{3-6}  & & & & Improved cell growth inhibition (50\%) and increased apoptosis (12.1\%) compared to the administration of the free drugs. & Reduction in tumor weight (71.4\%) and in metastasis (50\%) compared to free drug. & [66] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: _Cont._  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Nanoformulation** & **Chemotherapeutic** & **siRNA** & **Target** & **Targeting Ability** & **In Vitro Results** & **In Vivo Results** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{4}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} mEYLNs (sonication) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{4}{*}{DOX} & \multirow{4}{*}{LPCAT1} & \multirow{4}{*}{LFA-1 coating (active)} & Reduced clonogenicity (66\%) and cell migration (72\%) compared with the individual treatments. & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} \\  & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-6}