## 4 Discussion  
Demographic Information, Physical Capability, ADL, and Sleep Quality of Older People with Sarcopenia  
The results of this study suggested that most older people with sarcopenia living in care facilities are men; these results concur with those of [PERSON] et al. (2018) and [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] (2018). Moreover, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variables** & **Min** & **Max** & **IQR** & **n** & **\%** \\ \hline Grip: Right-hand grip strength (kg) &.0 & 27.5 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 6.0(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR50 & & & 10.1(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR75 & & & 15.0(11.8) & 2 & 11.8 \\ Grip: Left-hand grip strength (kg) & 2.0 & 25.0 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 7.7(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR50 & & & 12.0(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR75 & & & 18.0(11.8) & 2 & 11.8 \\ Five sit–stand repetitions (s) & 20.0 & 90.0 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 27.0(8.3) & 1 & 8.3 \\ PR50 & & & 36.0(8.3) & 1 & 8.3 \\ PR75 & & & 60.0(8.3) & 1 & 8.3 \\ Body index mass & 14.92 & 28.39 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 19.2(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR50 & & & 20.9(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ PR75 & & & 23.9(5.9) & 1 & 5.9 \\ \hline
**ADL** & & & & & \\ Highly dependent (21–60 points) & 30 & 60 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 30(28.6) & 2 & 28.6 \\ PR50 & & & 45(14.3) & 1 & 14.3 \\ PR75 & & & 60(28.6) & 2 & 28.6 \\ Moderately dependent (61–90 points) & 65 & 90 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 66(25.0) & 1 & 25.0 \\ PR50 & & & 72(25.0) & 1 & 25.0 \\ PR75 & & & 86(25.0) & 1 & 25.0 \\ Slightly dependent (91–99 points) & 95 & 95 & 100(100) & 1 & 100 \\ Completely independent (100 points) & 100 & 100 & 100(100) & 5 & 100 \\ \hline
**Sleep quality** & & & & & \\ Satisfactory sleep quality (\(<\)5 points) & 2 & 4 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 2(50.0) & 1 & 50.0 \\ PR50 & & & 4(50.0) & 1 & 50.0 \\ PR75 & & & - & & \\ Unsatisfactory sleep quality (\(>\)5 points) & 6 & 19 & & & \\ PR25 & & & 8(20.0) & 3 & 20.0 \\ PR50 & & & 11(13.3) & 2 & 13.3 \\ PR75 & & & 13(6.7) & 1 & 6.7 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._diabetes was the most common comorbidity among the participants in the present study, followed by hypertension. [PERSON] et al. [37] investigated 145 people aged 65 years or older with sarcopenia and found that 73% had diabetes and 56% had hypertension. [PERSON] et al. [38] investigated 40 people aged 70 years or older with sarcopenia in nursing homes and discovered that 66% experienced hypertension and 18% experienced diabetes. Another study investigated the muscle mass of 359 older people in the general community with sarcopenia, in which 48.5% experienced hypertension and 13% experienced diabetes [39]. According to the aforementioned studies, most older people with sarcopenia experience chronic diseases, indicating the existence of comorbidities. More than half of the participants in the present study had experienced a fall; this finding accorded with those of related studies, which have shown that older people with sarcopenia are at high risk of falling. [PERSON] et al. [40] investigated 414 older people with sarcopenia and revealed that most such people were worried about falls and had experienced a fall. They also discovered that falls were related to sarcopenia [40]. Regarding frailty, the present study showed that 88.2% of participants were in the early stages of frailty. According to [PERSON] et al. [41], sarcopenia reduces muscular strength and slows walking speed, resulting in reduced activity, reduced overall calorie consumption, and increased frailty. In addition, one study indicated that sarcopenia is an expression of frailty; both sarcopenia and frailty are associated with aging of the musculoskeletal system [42]. Regarding body composition and physical fitness, average torso muscle mass (for both men and women) was 20.58 \(\pm\) 2.83 and walking speed was less than 0.8 m/s. The average value of shoulder-arm flexibility was less than 35 cm, and women were superior to men in this regard. The average time for one-foot standing did not exceed 5 s. The average grip strength of men was lower than 26 kg and that of women was lower than 18 kg.