## 3 Evaluation Results and Considerations
### Performance Properties of Waterproofing Sheet after Construction of APC or LMC Pavement Layer
#### 2.2.2 Effect of LMC Pavement Layer  
(1) Test results  
Table 9 shows the performance evaluation results of the waterproofing sheet effect on the LMA pavement layer. Under the column 'test results,' arrows (\(\uparrow\)) mark the increase in the value in terms of percentage ratio from the minimum requirement outlined in the test standard. The shear adhesive performance (strength and deformation) and tensile adhesive strength values of the waterproof sheet attached to the LMC pavement layer are higher than the KS quality standards in all evaluation items under both \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C conditions.  
(2) Consideration  
As a result of evaluating the performance of the waterproofing material after installing the LMC pavement, shear adhesive strength is found to be about 13% higher at \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and about 120% higher at 20\({}^{\circ}\)C, and shear adhesive deformation is about 160% higher  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Evaluation Items** & & **Test Results** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Quality** \\ **Standard** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Shear adhesive \\ performance \\ \end{tabular} } & Shear adhesive strength (MPa) & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.89 (11.25\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.80 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Shear adhesive & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.28 (86.67\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.15 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Shear adhesive & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.8 (60\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.5 \\ \cline{2-5}  & deformation (\%) & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 2.3 (130\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 1.0 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Tensile adhesive strength (MPa) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 1.3 (8.33\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 1.2 \\ \cline{2-5}  & 20\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.7 (16.67\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.6 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Tensile adhesive strength after 7 days \\ of water immersion (\%) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 89\% (27.14\%) &
\begin{tabular}{c} 70\% or more \\ before water \\ immersion \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: Performance test results of waterproofing sheet effect on APC pavement layer.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Criteria** & & **Test Results** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Quality** \\ **Standard** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Shear adhesive \\ performance \\ \end{tabular} } & Shear adhesive strength (MPa) & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.91 (13.75\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.80 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Shear adhesive & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.33 (120\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.15 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Shear adhesive \\ deformation (\%) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 1.3 (160\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.5 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Shear adhesive \\ deformation (\%) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 4.2 (320\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 1.0 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Tensile adhesive strength (MPa) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 1.3 (8.33\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 1.2 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} 20\({}^{\circ}\)C \\ of water immersion (\%) \\ \end{tabular} } & \(20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C & 0.8 (33.33\% \(\uparrow\)) & More than 0.6 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 9: Performance test results of waterproofing sheet effect on LMC pavement layer.  
at \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and about 130% higher at 320 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The tensile adhesive strength is about 8% higher at \(-20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and about 33% higher at 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the tensile adhesive strength after immersion in water is about 28% higher. Further investigation will be required before the proposed double-bonding waterproofing sheet is feasible for providing a stable waterproof performance even when applied to LMC pavements.