## 3 LCA of Pineapple Cultivation and Processing
### Life Cycle Inventory
Nursery maintenance is shown first, with water, diesel, transportation, and agrochemicals being the most important supplied resources. During the land preparation labor, the main inputs were accounted for the use of heavy machinery, as a result, fuels were consumed and plastic was used for mulching. On the other hand, water, pesticides, and transportation were needed as basic inputs for planting. However, for the development and growth of the pineapple plant, the use of specific machinery, water, agrochemicals products, and plastic, as well as their transportation from production sites, were quantified. For the packaging of fresh fruit, the number of cardboard \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Type of Energy**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**PFS (2018)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**NCV Factor**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**PES b**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\eta\)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**PF c**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**EPG**} \\ \cline{5-8}  & & & & **\%** & & **\%** & & **GWh** & **\%** \\ \hline Natural gas & \(15.6\times 10^{9}\) & m\({}^{3}\) & 38.13 & MJ/m\({}^{3}\) & 40.48 & 38.6 & 56 & 63779 & 37.27 \\ Coal & \(16.3\times 10^{9}\) & kg & 19.43 & MJ/kg & 21.59 & 32.6 & 61 & 28680 & 16.76 \\ Fuel oil & \(6.4\times 10^{9}\) & L & 40.23 & MJ/L & 17.53 & 37.6 & 33 & 28692 & 15.71 \\ Diesel & \(687.6\times 10^{6}\) & L & 38.12 & MJ/L & 1.79 & 31.3 & 10 & 2279 & 1.33 \\ Uranium & \(47.4\times 10^{3}\) & kg & 3.29 & GJ/g & 10.63 & 31.5 & 77 & 13645 & 7.97 \\ Hydro-energy & & & & & & 7.97 & 93.9 & 40 & 30496 & 17.82 \\ Geothermal & & & & & & 7.72 & 16.6 & 73 & 5222 & 3.05 \\ Wind & & & & & & 0.03 & 99.6 & 27 & 122 & 0.07 \\ Solar & & & & & & 0.003 & 99.2 & 16 & 12 & 0.007 \\ (photovoltaic) & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Notes: a A factor of 17.7% of losses from the distribution in the electrical grid was included. b The total primary energy (TPE) was \(1.466698\times 10^{12}\) MJ. c The plant factor was initially used to correct the real fuel consumption for the effective operating time per electric power generation plant. Source: own elaboration with information from [39; 40; 41; 42].  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Representative values that characterize the generation of electrical power at the national level a.  
boxes required and the water and electrical energy consumed were considered important. For the fruit in syrup, can containers, fuel oil, electricity, and water were quantified. In the case of the dehydration process, the amount of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) was required and the packaging material for the final product were considered. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Process**} & **Flow** & **Quantity, kg** & **Price, USD/kg** & **Flow Value, USD** & **Allocation** \\ \cline{2-5}  & & **Q1 or Q2** & **P1 or P2** & **Q1**\(\times\) P1 & \(\frac{\textbf{Q}_{1}\times\textbf{P}_{1}}{\textbf{Q}_{1}\times\textbf{P}_{1} +\textbf{Q}_{2}\times\textbf{P}_{2}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Packed pineapple} & Accepted fruit & 1.00 & 0.23 & 0.23 & 0.968 \\  & Rejected fruit & 0.08 & 0.10 & 0.008 & 0.032 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Pineapples in syrup} & Accepted fruit & 1.23 & 0.17 & 0.21 & 0.970 \\  & Rejected fruit & 0.06 & 0.10 & 0.006 & 0.030 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Dehydrated pineapple} & Accepted fruit & 9.85 & 0.17 & 1.66 & 0.994 \\  & Rejected fruit & 0.10 & 0.10 & 0.010 & 0.006 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Economic allocation applied to pineapple inflows to processing stages.