## 2 Materials and Methods  
4_4_-_Dibromobenzyl, 1,3-diphenylacetone, Pd complexes, methanol, ethanol (CH\({}_{3}\)CH\({}_{2}\)OH), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane (CH\({}_{2}\)Cl\({}_{2}\)), toluene, and acetonitrile (CH\({}_{3}\)CN) were acquired from commercial sources. The \({}^{1}\)H and \({}^{13}\)C NMR spectra were recorded for solutions in CDCl\({}_{3}\) and DMSO-\(d_{6}\) on a Bruker Avance III 400 MHz BBPO Probe and Bruker AVANCE NEO 400 NMR with the solvent residual proton signal. Flash column chromatography was performed using Silicycle Silica gel 60 (7-230 Mesh, pH 7). UV-vis absorption spectra of all samples in Methanol, DMSO, and H\({}_{2}\)O were acquired using a Thermo Scientific Multiskan G0 microplate and cuvette spectrophotometer in the range of 200-1000 nm, respectively. Fluorescence spectra were detected with an Edinburgh instruments F55 Spectrofluorometer equipped with an SC-05 standard cuvette holder and Perkin Elmer LS50B Luminescence Spectrometer. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diphenylcyclopentadiene (3)**. 4, 4-Dibr omboenzil **1** (1.2 g, 3.26 mmol), 1,3-diphenylacetone **2** (600 mg, 2.86 mmol), anhydrous KOH (200 mg, 3.59 mmol), and absolute ethyl alcohol (15 mL) were charged in a 250 mL round bottom flask. The mixture was stirred for 30 min under reflux. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Column chromatography on silica gel and cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 95:5 as the mobile phase afforded pure product as a red solid (920 mg, 1.70 mmol, yield 59%). \({}^{1}\)H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, \(\delta\): 7.35 (dd, \(J\) = 2.0, 8.6 Hz, 4H), 7.30-7.24 (m, 6H), 7.22-7.19 (m, 4H), 6.80 (dd, \(J\) = 2.0, 8.6 Hz, 4H). \({}^{13}\)C-NMR (100.61 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, \(\delta\): 199.62, 152.59, 131.67, 131.54, 130.97, 130.21, 130.10, 128.26, 127.87, 125.92, 123.16. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diphenyl-1,1\({}^{\prime}\)-bis-methylanolyl-fulvene (5m). ** To an ice-cooled solution of 3,4-Bis-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diphenylcyclopentadiene **3** (0.563 g, 1.039 mmol) and dimethyl malonate **4m** (549 mg, 0.5 mL, 4.156 mmol, 4 eq) in 20 mL of dichloromethane (dry) under argon atmosphere, TiCl\({}_{4}\) (5 eq, 5.195 mmol, 985.39 mg, 0.570 mL) over 5 min and pyridine (24 eq, 1.964 g, 24.83 mmol, 2 mL) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm at room temperature and stirred overnight. A total of 50 mL of dichloromethane and 50 mL of HCl 0.1 M were added. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3 \(\times\) 100 mL) and dried with Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\). Column chromatography on silica gel and cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 85:15 as the mobile phase afforded pure product as a red solid (674 mg, 1.027 mmol, 99%). \({}^{1}\)H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, \(\delta\): 7.28-7.22 (m, 6 H), 7.16 (dd, \(J\) = 2.0, 8.6 Hz, 4H), 7.15-7.13 (m, 4 H), 6.57 (dd, \(J\) = 2.0, 8.6 Hz, 4H), 3.05 (s, 6 H). \({}^{13}\)C-NMR (100.61 MHz, CDCl\({}_{3}\)) ppm, \(\delta\): 164.46, 149.63, 146.16, 134.40, 133.37, 132.57, 132.42, 131.45, 130.77, 130.49, 127.97, 127.17, 121.67, 52.49. **Synthesis of 3,4-Bis-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diphenyl-1,1\({}^{\prime}\)-bis-malononitril-fulvene (5m). ** To an ice-cooled solution of 3,4-Bis-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diphenylcyclopentadiene 3 (0.563 g, 1.039 mmol) and malononitrile **4n** (275 mg, 4.156 mmol) in 20 mL of dichloromethane (dry) under argon atmosphere, TiCl\({}_{4}\) (5 eq, 5.195 mmol, 985.39 mg, 0.570 mL) over 5 min and pyridine (24 eq, 1.964 g, 24.83 mmol, 2 mL) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm at room temperature and stirred overnight. A total of 50 mL of dichloromethane and 50 mL of HCl (0.1 M) were added. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3 \(\times\) 100 mL) and dried with Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\). Column chromatography on silica gel and cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 9:1 as the mobile phase afforded pure product as a dark-green solid (313 mg, 0.530 mmol, 51%).