## 1 Introduction
However, these manually executed processes are inadequate in terms of traceability, transparency, and quality control. In this regard, our study aims to transform cleaning and hygiene processes into observable and measurable structures through the use of digital technologies, as well as to integrate these processes into a quality assurance framework using a secure blockchain-based system. In this study, three consecutive key solution proposals are addressed to overcome various challenges related to efficiency, traceability, and compliance with standards in traditional cleaning processes applied to patient rooms. In the first phase of the solution, the focus is on planning all processes to ensure that all applicable standards for cleaning and hygiene in patient rooms within the healthcare sector are efficiently met. The activities within the processes will be carried out using a planned and organized management model. This model includes defining the scope of the types of cleaning to be applied and specifying the appropriate equipment and expert units required for the operations within the defined scope. In the second phase, the pre-planned and organized cleaning and hygiene processes, which have been aligned with healthcare standards, will be digitalized to ensure effective management, traceability, and auditability. This will help minimize the risk of adverse events related to cleaning and hygiene affecting patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. Additionally, it is expected to improve operational efficiency along with general hygiene standards and safety in patient rooms. In the third and final phase, the aim is to secure the designed and digitalized processes. In traditional systems, proving that cleaning tasks are performed accurately and on time generally relies on manual records and physical inspections. However, these methods carry significant limitations in terms of data security and audit reliability. Therefore, in our study, the use of blockchain technology is proposed to securely store data related to cleaning processes, enable easy verification of data accuracy, and allow retrospective audits when necessary. Accordingly, it is envisioned that blockchain technology will be integrated into a system that includes all stakeholders such as patients, caregivers, cleaning staff, healthcare professionals, hospital administrators, and public health authorities. Blockchain is one of the most advanced technologies used as a decentralized database system where records, once created, are extremely difficult to alter for each participant. With the integration of the model into a blockchain-based system, it is expected to function as a Quality Assurance Model in which all processes are secured through the participation of authorized personnel, administrators, and users. In summary, the cleaning processes of patient rooms in the healthcare sector are of great importance for patient safety and infection control. However, studies on the optimization of these processes in the literature are limited, and the integration of digital technologies remains insufficient. This study aims to establish a quality assurance system that ensures traceability, transparency, interoperability, and sustainability in cleaning and hygiene processes in healthcare services. Additionally, it seeks to create a reliable system by verifying the compliance of operations with established standards. By utilizing blockchain technology, digital-technology-supported cleaning processes ensure transparency in monitoring hygiene protocols, verifying sterilization processes, and maintaining immutable records of cleaning activities. The proposed model provides a foundation for achieving strategic goals such as improving operational efficiency and minimizing infection rates while enhancing patient safety standards in the healthcare sector's digital transformation journey.