# Smart Home Technology Solutions for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Study Selection Criteria
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Inclusion Criteria:** \\ \hline \(\bullet\) & CVD patients. \\ \(\bullet\) & English language. \\ \(\bullet\) & Year of publication: January 1990—March 2020. \\ \(\bullet\) & Participants aged \textgreater{}18 years. \\ \(\bullet\) & Studies describing SHT for CVD management with sensor devices (wearable and non-wearable sensors) connected to a gateway and has a web-based user interface. \\ \(\bullet\) & SHT prototype/architecture deployed and evaluated in real-time with \textgreater{}5 patients. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Exclusion Criteria:** \\ \hline \(\bullet\) & Publications on incomplete or part of research (e.g., editorials, abstracts, workshop/conference summaries, research proposals, descriptive survey, clinical protocols, research methods, literature reviews, conceptual papers). \\ \(\bullet\) & Studies evaluated healthy adults and non-CVD patients. \\ \(\bullet\) & Non-human focused (e.g., animals, building, physical structures, bridges, health economic, evaluation of study ethics). \\ \(\bullet\) & Non-SHT used amongst CVD patients (e.g., questionnaire, apps to monitor health and well-being, cardio signal processing, the influence of day-to-day activity on cardio health, home-based rehabilitation programme). \\ \(\bullet\) & Hardware such as heart pump, pacemaker, microcontrollers used to measure a particular physiological parameter, oximeter, accelerometers, hardware assisting in the functioning of heart, and ECG device including portable ECG and ECG monitor. \\ \(\bullet\) & Evaluation and development of research tools (e.g., hardware and algorithm improvement studies, signal processing, and clinical measurement technology to access and analyse secondary data). \\ \(\bullet\) & Stand-alone devices (smartwatch, tablet, and smartphones). \\ \(\bullet\) & Lack of sensors. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Exclusion Criteria:** \\ \hline \(\bullet\) & Publications on incomplete or part of research (e.g., editorials, abstracts, workshop/conference summaries, research proposals, descriptive survey, clinical protocols, research methods, literature reviews, conceptual papers). \\ \(\bullet\) & Studies evaluated healthy adults and non-CVD patients. \\ \(\bullet\) & Non-human focused (e.g., animals, building, physical structures, bridges, health economic, evaluation of study ethics). \\ \(\bullet\) & Non-SHT used amongst CVD patients (e.g., questionnaire, apps to monitor health and well-being, cardio signal processing, the influence of day-to-day activity on cardio health, home-based rehabilitation programme). \\ \(\bullet\) & Hardware such as heart pump, pacemaker, microcontrollers used to measure a particular physiological parameter, oximeter, accelerometers, hardware assisting in the functioning of heart, and ECG device including portable ECG and ECG monitor. \\ \(\bullet\) & Evaluation and development of research tools (e.g., hardware and algorithm improvement studies, signal processing, and clinical measurement technology to access and analyse secondary data). \\ \(\bullet\) & Stand-alone devices (smartwatch, tablet, and smartphones). \\ \(\bullet\) & Lack of sensors. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Selection criteria for review articles (adapted from reference [43]). Figure 1: A smart home system for CVD and vital signs monitoring. (The arrows indicate the direction of the communication/transfer. Arrow 1: Transfer of recordings from patient to server for processing, Arrow 2: Processed information transfer to healthcare providers for analysis and initiate necessary care and intervention, Arrow 3: Alerts and intervention initiated by the health care provider, and Arrow 4: Patient receiving necessary notification, including alerts and intervention to upkeep their health and well-being).