## 3 Results
### Between-Group Analysis  
Statistical analysis of the two groups showed (see Table 5) that the U14 group achieved significantly higher improvements in the \(t\)-test (\(p\) < 0.01; moderate effect) and push-up test (\(p\) < 0.05; moderate effect) than the U16 group. Although not statistically significant (\(p\) > 0.05), the U14 group showed a small magnitude of improvement in body composition, ISRT, SLJ, and the 30 m sprint (effect size from 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.24 to 0.41 \(\pm\) 0.88). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Parameters**}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Pre** \\ **Intervention** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Post** \\ **Intervention** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Change in Mean (\%)**}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Standard Differences** \\ **(95\% Cl)** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\)**Value**} \\ \hline Body Fat (\%) & 9.9 \(\pm\) 1.8 & 9.4 \(\pm\) 1.6 & \(-\)5.6 \(\pm\) 5.0 & \(-\)0.28 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 0.031 \\ ISRT 1 min recovery (bpm) & 48.0 \(\pm\) 8.5 & 51.1 \(\pm\) 8.7 & 6.6 \(\pm\) 9.0 & 0.33 \(\pm\) 0.43 & 0.115 \\ NIRES (N) & 263.4 \(\pm\) 45.8 & 291.3 \(\pm\) 37.0 & 11.5 \(\pm\) 6.7 & 0.55 \(\pm\) 0.28 & 0.002 \\ CMJ (cm) & 36.8 \(\pm\) 3.3 & 39.7 \(\pm\) 2.6 & 7.8 \(\pm\) 5.7 & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.57 & 0.015 \\ SLJ (cm) & 23.6 \(\pm\) 2.8 & 24.2 \(\pm\) 1.1 & 3.3 \(\pm\) 7.9 & 0.21 \(\pm\) 0.56 & 0.408 \\ SPrint 10 m (s) & 1.81 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 1.79 \(\pm\) 0.07 & \(-\)1.2 \(\pm\) 1.8 & \(-\)0.28 \(\pm\) 0.41 & 0.150 \\ SPrint 30 m (s) & 4.35 \(\pm\) 0.14 & 4.36 \(\pm\) 0.14 & 0.3 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.24 & 0.399 \\ Modified \(t\)-test (s) & 8.93 \(\pm\) 0.12 & 8.91 \(\pm\) 0.24 & \(-\)0.3 \(\pm\) 1.5 & \(-\)0.18 \(\pm\) 1.03 & 0.696 \\ Pull Ups & 4.1 \(\pm\) 2.6 & 6.3 \(\pm\) 2.6 & 72.1 \(\pm\) 27.0 & 0.78 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 0.000 \\ Push Ups & 33.6 \(\pm\) 6.5 & 36.2 \(\pm\) 9.6 & 6.8 \(\pm\) 14.1 & 0.37 \(\pm\) 0.65 & 0.226 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Within-group changes in the U16 group (n = 9) after training intervention. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Parameters**}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Pre** \\ **Intervention** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Post** \\ **Intervention** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Change in Mean (\%)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Standard Differences** \\ **(95\% Cl)** \\ \end{tabular} }} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\)**Value**} \\ \hline Body Fat (\%) & 10.0 \(\pm\) 2.3 & 8.98 \(\pm\) 2.31 & \(-\)11.0 \(\pm\) 3.4 & \(-\)0.42 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 0.000 \\ ISRT 1 min recovery (bpm) & 38.9 \(\pm\) 7.2 & 46.1 \(\pm\) 9.1 & 18.3 \(\pm\) 21.5 & 0.89 \(\pm\) 1.03 & 0.080 \\ NHEes (N) & 201.8 \(\pm\) 45.3 & 235.4 \(\pm\) 48.7 & 17.1 \(\pm\) 6.9 & 0.69 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 0.000 \\ CMJ (cm) & 35.7 \(\pm\) 5.8 & 38.6 \(\pm\) 4.8 & 8.6 \(\pm\) 11.8 & 0.46 \(\pm\) 0.61 & 0.128 \\ SLJ (cm) & 21.1 \(\pm\) 2.2 & 22.8 \(\pm\) 2.2 & 8.4 \(\pm\) 6.9 & 0.73 \(\pm\) 0.63 & 0.027 \\ Sprint 10 m (s) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.10 & 1.84 \(\pm\) 0.09 & \(-\)0.3 \(\pm\) 1.8 & \(-\)0.05 \(\pm\) 0.31 & 0.717 \\ Sprint 30 m (s) & 4.53 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 4.48 \(\pm\) 0.22 & \(-\)1.0 \(\pm\) 1.6 & \(-\)0.17 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 0.176 \\ Modified \(t\)-test (s) & 9.65 \(\pm\) 0.38 & 9.30 \(\pm\) 0.37 & \(-\)3.7 \(\pm\) 1.6 & \(-\)0.87 \(\pm\) 0.37 & 0.000 \\ Pull Ups & 2.0 \(\pm\) 2.9 & 4.1 \(\pm\) 4.2 & 65.0 \(\pm\) 32.4 & 0.67 \(\pm\) 0.38 & 0.003 \\ Push Ups & 23.3 \(\pm\) 8.4 & 32.1 \(\pm\) 9.1 & 39.9 \(\pm\) 11.5 & 0.97 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 0.000 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Within-group changes in the U14 group (n = 12) after training intervention.