## 4 Performance Modeling of the IASF-IoT Framework
### Performance Evaluation and Implications  
To evaluate the potential performance of the IASF-IoT framework, the model was applied to a theoretical low-power IoT sensor scenario. The following parameters were used, derived from average specifications of commercially available IoT sensors [66; 67]:  
* \(P_{c}=80\) MHz;
* \(M=64\) MB;
* \(E_{b}=1000\) mAh;
* \(B=1\) Mbps;
* \(S_{o}=10\) KB;
* \(F=6\) (security check every 10 min);
* \(V=3.3\) V;
* \(T=24\) h;
* \(L_{base}=0.05\) s.  
The results of the performance evaluation suggest promising potential across all measured parameters. The model indicates that the processing impact of the IASF-IoT framework could be minimal, potentially utilizing only 0.0208% of the device's processing power. This low projected impact suggests that the device's primary functions might remain largely unaffected, potentially allowing for the seamless integration of security features without significantly compromising performance. Memory usage is similarly projected to be low at just 0.0152% of available memory, indicating that the framework might have a negligible footprint on the device's storage capacity. This efficient memory utilization could be crucial for resource-constrained IoT devices, potentially enabling the framework to be deployed even on devices with limited memory. Energy consumption, a critical factor for battery-powered IoT devices, is projected to be low at 0.0286 mAh per hour, or 0.6864 mAh per day. This minimal energy draw suggests that the framework might be implemented in long-term deployments without significantly affecting the battery life of IoT devices, a key consideration for many IoT applications where frequent battery replacement is impractical. The network latency introduced by the framework is projected to be an additional 0.05008 s per security operation, which could be unnoticeable in most applications and falls well within acceptable limits for real-time data processing and transmission. Calculations  
For transparency, the calculations for each parameter are provided below:  
1. Processing impact (PI):  
\[PI=\frac{S_{o}\times F}{P_{c}\times 3600}=\frac{10\text{ KB}\times 6}{80\text{ MHz}\times 3600}\approx 0.0002083\text{ or }0.0208\% \tag{14}\]  
2. Memory usage (MU):  
\[MU=\frac{S_{o}}{M}=\frac{10\text{ KB}}{64\text{ MB}\times 1024\text{ KB}/\text{MB}}\approx 0.000152\text{ or }0.0152\% \tag{15}\]  
3. Energy consumption (EC):  
\[EC=\frac{PI\times E_{b}\times V}{T}=\frac{0.0002083\times 1000\text{ mAh}\times 3.3\text{ V}}{24\text{ h}}\approx 0.0286\text{ mAh per hour} \tag{16}\]  
Daily consumption = 0.0286 mAh/h \(\times\) 24 h \(\approx\) 0.6864 mAh per day  
4. Network latency (L):  
\[L=\frac{S_{o}\times 8}{B\times 10^{6}}+L_{base}=\frac{10\text{ KB}\times 8}{1\text{ Mbps}\times 10^{6}}+0.05=0.05008\text{ s} \tag{17}\]  
These results demonstrate the potential for the IASF-IoT framework to have a minimal impact on device performance and resource utilization. Figure 2 illustrates the projected processing power and memory usage impact compared to their respective thresholds. As shown in Figure 2, both the projected processing power impact (0.0208%) and memory usage impact (0.0152%) are well below their respective thresholds of 1% and 5%. This suggests that the primary functions of the IoT device might not be significantly hindered by the security operations. Figure 2: Processing power and memory usage impact. Note that the threshold of 5% is not shown in the diagram as the vertical axis is cut at 1.2%. The processing power impact percentage is scaled by a factor of 10 for visibility. The actual projected value is 0.0208%. Figure 3 presents the projected energy consumption and network latency impact of the framework. The projected energy consumption of 0.6864 mAh per day, as depicted in Figure 3, represents less than 0.1% of the battery capacity, which could be crucial for maintaining long operational lifetimes in battery-powered IoT devices.