## 1 Introduction  
Due to growing use of electronic devices and wireless satellite communication networks, the need for many high-frequency applications has increased accordingly. With the widespread use of electromagnetic waves in communication systems, an unexpected result is the large number of undesired electromagnetic waves forming. This phenomenon, characterized by the harmful spread of electromagnetic pollution, is generally called electromagnetic interference (EMI) [1]. The GHz frequency range is widely preferred and used in communication networks and most technological devices. Another cause of pollution in the environment is currently thought to be the prevalent electromagnetic radiation brought on by the quick development of electronic equipment like GPS, wireless communication, and mobile phones [2]. Significant hazards to human health and the health of our environment are presented by this pervasive electromagnetic pollution phenomenon [3,4]. Electromagnetic radiation can damage the sensitivity and functionality of many electrical equipment, as well as have negative effects on various aspects of daily life. In the environment we live in, we are constantly exposed to wireless microwave signal networks that we are not aware of and that can harm us. Exposure to these electromagnetic waves at high intensity, which do not make sound and are invisible, can lead to a series of health problems and harmful effects that primarily occur through physiological changes [5, 6, 7]. Besides the electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by regular electrical devices and environmental infrastructure, the idea of electromagnetic safety and security has gained significant attention. Shielding serves as an effective measure to protect against external EMI threats, including intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) attacks [8]. To stop and lessen exposure to electromagnetic waves, there are several control methods. The use of engineering methods, personal protective equipment (PPE), exposure duration limitation, and lowering exposure levels to safe levels are some of these [5]. It is essential to utilize EMI shielding materials to safeguard people and systems from this electromagnetic pollution. Because EMI shielding materials have systems that are intended to either absorb or reflect undesirable electromagnetic waves, they can offer protection against these waves. From an environmental point of view, it is worth noting that the absorption mechanism is more preferred than reflection [9,10]. Reflection loss is one of the elements affecting EMI shielding. This element is predicated on how incoming electromagnetic waves interact with mobile charge carriers, such as electrons or holes. Absorption loss, which is influenced by the interaction of electric and magnetic dipoles with electromagnetic waves, is another important element. When the shielding material has broad surface or contact regions, the third mechanism, referred to as the multiple reflection effect, comes into effect and causes internal reflections [11,12]. Examples of EMI shielding include composite materials containing discontinuous conductive additives such as metallic wires, metal flakes, some particles and carbon fibers. These composite materials are composed of a blend of multiple microcomponents, each taking different forms and remaining insoluble in one another. Polymer matrix composites are more preferred because they offer a wide product range, and these composites can overcome the shortcomings of the new material [13]. Polyaniline (PANI) aniline monomer is used more widely than other conductive polymers because of its cheapness, high polymerization efficiency and conductivity, being unaffected by external conditions, excellent chemical stability and good thermal properties. In controlled environments, PANI can be produced by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. PANI can indeed be easily doped and shows sufficient stability. Polyaniline is the most preferred polymer among polymers due to its inherent conductivity.