# Secure and Efficient High Throughput Medium Access Control for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network
## 5 State-of-the-Art Technology Comparison  
Table 5 shows the comparison between \(\mathrm{S-PECA}\) with the state-of-the-art technology. To improve the system efficiency, \(\mathrm{S-PECA}\) supports distribute channel sharing mechanism in V2 V environments and helps the system to achieve maximum throughput and minimum overhead. The \(\mathrm{S-ENCCMA}\) adopts the enhanced non-cooperative cognitive division multiple access (ENCCMA) [37] real-time MAC communication protocol. To provision real-time access, the ENCCMA combines Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), and Cognitive Radio (CR) techniques. The ENCCMA MAC protocol avoids signaling; this aids in enhancing the system's efficiency. However, ENCCMA did not consider message authentication and security for personal user information. Reference [53] evaluated the performance of transmission of packet data considering different environments. However, they did not consider the movement and the numbers of the vehicles. In [54], the author performed an experimental analysis that considers different speeds for collision performance evaluation. However, their model did  
Figure 14: Successful transmission for highway. Figure 15: Successful transmission performance for rural. not consider experimental study under different environmental conditions such as city, highway, and rural and induced MAC protocol overhead [17]. Compared with the other models, our model presents a secure and efficient distributed design for channel allocation that maximizes the system throughput and reduces packet collision considering different environmental conditions. The list of the abbreviation and acronyms used in the text are presented in Table 6. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Acronyms**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Definition**} \\ \hline VANET & Vehicular Ad hoc Network \\ S \(-\) PECA & Secure Performance Enriched Channel Allocation \\ S \(-\) ENCCMA & Secure Non-Cooperative Cognitive Division Multiple Access \\ TDMA & Time Division Multiple Access \\ FDMA & Frequency Division Multiple Access \\ RSA & Rivest-Shamir–Adleman \\ CR & Cognitive Radio \\ V2V & Vehicle to Vehicle \\ V2I & Vehicle to Infrastructure \\ V2X & Vehicle to Everything \\ OBU & On Board Unit \\ RSU & Road-Side Unit \\ DSRC & dedicated short range communication \\ MAC & Medium Access Control \\ MANET & Mobile Ad hoc Network \\ FCC & Federal Communications Commission \\ ITS & Intelligent Transportation Systems \\ RFID & Radio-frequency identification \\ WAVE & Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment \\ GPS & Global Positioning System \\ LTE & Long-Term Evolution \\ V2N & Vehicle-to-Network \\ PLS & Physical Layer Security \\ IoV & Internet of Vehicles \\ CRL & Certificate Revocation List \\ RIS & reconfigurable intelligent surface \\ IoT & Internet of things \\ SVC & Secure VANET Communication \\ NSCA & Non-Shared Channel Allocation \\ ECC & Elliptical Curve Cryptography \\ CRSA & Commutative RSA \\ CHR & City, Highway, and Rural \\ MS-Aloha & Mobile Slotted Aloha \\ VISSIM & Verkehr In Staden Simulationsmodell \\ EDF \(-\) CSMA & Earliest Deadline First based Carrier Sense Multiple Access \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Abbreviations and Acronyms.