## 1 Introduction  
Granular materials have garnered significant attention as a distinct state of matter, finding wide-ranging applications in nature, everyday life, manufacturing, and technology. Examples include sand, soil, sugar, salt, and various industrial chemicals. The mechanical behavior of granular materials is influenced by multiple factors, such as particle size [1], particle shape [2], particle arrangement [3], and inter-particle friction [4]. However, due to the intricate interplay of these factors, isolating the specific impact of each one presents a challenge for researchers. To overcome this challenge, binary mixtures have emerged as a valuable approach for investigating the mechanical behavior of granular materials, wherein a specific influential factor is varied between two distinct states. By employing binary mixtures, researchers can effectively examine the isolated effects of individual factors, enabling a deeper understanding of granular material behavior. Researchers have dedicated considerable efforts to investigating binary mixtures of granular materials using both experimental and numerical simulation approaches. Previous studies have highlighted the significant influence of volume fraction on the shear behavior of granular materials, wherein particle size heterogeneity affects packing density, shear strength, and energy dissipation. Moreover, the anisotropic fabric and stress tensors of granular media are directly related to integrated packing properties, which in turn, depend on particle size distribution. Additionally, it has been observed that fine and coarse particles play distinct roles in the formation of contact force chains. In the presence of coarse particles, fine particles dominate the contact force chains when in a floating state, whereas coarse particles determine the force chain networks in a non-floating state. While existing studies have predominantly focused on the impact of particle size, limited research has explored the effects of particle shape. Notably, the shape of particles, whether non-spherical or spherical, has pronounced implications for the macro- and micro-mechanical properties of granular media. Non-spherical particles face greater resistance to rolling compared to spherical particles when subjected to forces and moments due to their shape barriers. Consequently, it is essential to investigate how particle shape influences the behavior of binary mixtures. The discrete element method (DEM), proposed by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [5], is a powerful tool for studying the mechanical behavior of granular materials [6; 7; 8]. The discrete element method offers advantages over the finite element method (FEM) in this topic, because FEM is a numerical simulation technique designed for continuous media. Specifically, when studying the physical and mechanical properties of granular media, the discrete element method proves to be more advantageous. DEM addresses individual particles and their interactions, making it ideal for studying granular media behavior [9]. DEM can capture the key response features of granular media at the macroscopic level, including those involved in large-displacement geomechanics problems, and can also be used to investigate microstructural changes such as contact force chains, displacement, and rotation field distribution, and coordination number fluctuation [10; 11]. DEM has been used to simulate binary mixtures and to investigate the impact of particle shape. Non-spherical particles can be modeled using clump particles [12; 13; 14; 15] or polygon particles [16; 17; 18; 19]. The former modeling method uses multiple spherical particles to generate one clump particle, while the latter uses one spherical particle to create one polygon particle. In some cases, the rolling friction coefficient is used to reduce the rolling efficiency of spherical particles when modeling non-spherical particles [20; 21; 22; 23]. The concept of polygon particles is simulated in the binary media to investigate the impact of particle shape on binary mixtures.