# Accounting for Resilience in the Selection of R Factors for a RC Unsymmetrical Building
## 3 Design Concept and Structural Details of the Building
### Resilience of Each Building Case under Unidirectional Loading  
Under conditions of unidirectional loading, functionality curves corresponding to each design level were developed (Figures 17-20) based on several recovery paths. The area below and above the functionality curves demonstrates the building resilience and loss of resilience (LOR). Utilising the Origin software, the curve area was discovered. Figure 17: Functionality curves for unsymmetrical building Case I (R = 3) using various recovery paths (**a**) with respect to DBE level and (**b**) with respect to MCE level. Figure 19: Functionality curves for unsymmetrical building Case III (R = 4) using various recovery paths (**a**) with respect to DBE level and (**b**) with respect to MCE level. Figure 18: Functionality curves for unsymmetrical building Case II (R = 4) using various recovery paths (**a**) with respect to DBE level and (**b**) with respect to MCE level. The functionality curves were plotted using five different recovery paths at each design level for Case I building (Figure 17). At the time of the occurrence of a seismic event, the functionality of the building dropped down from 100% to 61.00% at the DBE design level and from 100% to 26.50% at the MCE design level. The loss in functionality was estimated to be 39.00% and 73.50% at the DBE and MCE design levels, respectively. The loss of functionality was higher at the MCE level which was due to a higher damage-loss ratio when compared with the DBE design level. Figure 18 shows the different functionality curves at various design levels for the Case II building. The functionality drops from 100% to 54% at the DBE level and from 100% to 23% at the MCE level. The functionality loss was estimated to be 46% and 77% at the DBE and MCE design levels, respectively. For the Case III building, the different functionality curves were developed at design levels (Figure 19). At the time of occurrence of the seismic event (on the 50 th day), the functionality is reduced from 100% to 48% and 17% at the DBE and MCE design levels, respectively. The functionality loss was estimated to be 52% and 83% at the DBE and MCE design levels, respectively. Figure 20 depicts the functioning curves for the Case IV building utilising various recovery pathways. The functionality decreases from 100% to 41% at the DBE design level and from 100% to 13% at the MCE design level at the time of the seismic event (on the 50 th day). At the DBE and MCE design levels, the functionality loss was calculated to be 59% and 88%, respectively. The region under and above the functioning curves (Figures 17-20) represents the building resilience and loss of resilience (LOR), respectively. Origin software was used to calculate the area of the curve. The functionality curves were used to calculate the resilience for each building case (Tables 12-15). Figure 20: Functionality curves for unsymmetrical building Case IV (R = 6) using various recovery paths (**a**) with respect to DBE level and (**b**) with respect to MCE level. At the DBE design level, building resilience corresponds to Case I ranging from 81% to 76%, and at the MCE design level resilience ranges from 63% to 55% (Table 12). When compared to the DBE level for RP-5, the highest reduction in resilience at the MCE level was around 28%. The recovery path RP-2 was not always realistically feasible, as was already mentioned. The remaining recovery pathways were contrasted with each other (RP-1, RP-3, RP-4 and RP-5). When compared to the standard recovery path RP-3, roughly 13% lesser resilience was seen at the DBE level and 15% less was seen at the MCE design level for the proposed recovery path RP-4. This resulted from the recuperation process breaks and the early delay in the beginning. At the DBE and MCE design levels, the maximum loss of resilience (LOR) was discovered to be approximately 24% and 45%, respectively.