## 1 Introduction  
In the last two decades, there have been increases in the population around the world, consequently generating an increase in vehicle users over the world [1]. This has resulted in an increase in the number of accidents on land roads [2]. It should be noted that sometimes it is difficult to retain the position of vehicles after an accident. This is problematic because some authorities and institutions need this information to make decisions. Also, if there is no information about the speed of the vehicle, videos, or GPS signals, it is difficult to reach the best decision for both drivers regarding the accident. A solution to determine the causes of an accident is to collect an accurate record of the actions carried out by the drivers, which are reflected by different parameters of the vehicle. Some parameters could be collected by means of a car's black box system located in the unit [3, 4]. In general, a car's black box is different from an aircraft's black box [5, 6, 7]. In a commercial aircraft, the black box is comprised of two separate devices--a flight data recorder (FDR) and a cockpit voice recorder (CVR)--which are often combined to form a single unit [8, 9, 10]. The FDR monitors a minimum of 88 parameters, including time, altitude, airspeed, heading, pilot input, pitch, roll and yaw angles, etc. The CVR is required to record four channels of cockpit audio data for a minimum duration of two hours. The aircraft's black box does not perform any safety functions; it is simply there to record flight data and serve as a crash-survival memory unit. In the same way, a car's black box or event data recorder (EDR) stores data to a flash memory, typically in the vehicle's airbag control module (ACM) [11, 12, 13, 14]. The primary function of the ACM is to sense a developing collision, determine if any safety devices need to be deployed, and deploy any necessary devices accordingly. Crash data recording is a secondary function of the ACM. The crash data recording of a car is similar to an aircraft's FDR in that it records valuable information about the vehicle in the moments before a collision; however, the amount of data that are recorded is not as extensive [15]. Furthermore, a car's black box does not record any audio as in the case of an aircraft's CVR [5]. While the automotive black box does not record as much data as an aircraft's black box, it is still capable of recording an abundance of data. In 2006, regulations were introduced in the Part 563 rule which specified 15 minimum parameters that must be recorded, should a manufacturer decide to install an EDR in a vehicle. These parameters include latitudinal and longitudinal delta-v (speed change), vehicle indicated speed, engine throttle percentage, brake status (on/off), ignition cycle-crash, ignition cycle-download, and safety belt status-driver [16]. In addition to the required data, the Part 563 rule also set standards for 30 other types of data if manufacturers voluntarily configured their EDRs to record them. For example, if a manufacturer configured their EDR to record steering input or anti-lock braking system (ABS) activity, it would have to record 5 s of data sampled twice per second. Other optional parameters include latitudinal and longitudinal acceleration, engine RPM, and vehicle roll angle, among others. The research on developing a car's black box system continues, and some efforts have been carried out. For example, the authors of [4; 11; 17; 18; 19] proposed systems using GSM modules that focused on notifying the authorities about accidents. The authors of [13; 14] proposed systems that collected data about the vehicle as well as the position of the brake, intensity of lights, and speed of the car. This information was stored in an EEPROM memory. A black box system was proposed in [20], which obtained visual information on the route, the vehicle speed, the location, the brake status, and the current time. This system used a processor that manipulated the information after it was acquired.