# Soil Trail as a Tool to Promote Cultural and Geoheritage:
## 3 Results
### Trail Structuring
The surface soil unit, in almost all sites of potential pedagogical interest, is developed from colluvial deposits and with a low degree of evolution. The paleosols, on the other hand, despite being a leached brown soil in all profiles, have specific and different characteristics for each site selected. Stops 4, 5, 6, and 9 have an interesting pedost stratigraphy from both a geopoological, geomorphological and, above all, geoarcheological viewpoint, while Stop 7 reveals particular geopedological and geomorphological evidence. All the profiles selected allow us to focus on how the combined analysis and interpretation of geomorphology, geopedological, and geoarcheological evidence of the area are essentially important for understanding the evolution of the area. Description of the main evidence of the sites of potential pedagogical interest is proposed below. Stop 4--Bagioletto Basso--The profile shows three different soil units that testify the alternation of many phases of stability and instability. The two more superficial soil units are both characterized by a low degree of development as they are developed from colluvial deposits (Figure 4a). The different grain size distribution (i.e., gravel and sandy-silty) of the two deposits testifies a different contribution of material over time, highlighting how the soil can trace the instability events. The third soil unit is located at the bottom of the profile and is characterized by a dark horizon rich in clay and hematite (Figure 4a). It is only a portion of the brown leached soil developed during the Atlantic period, which was eroded and buried by upstream sediments. About 350 manufactured flint artefacts dating back to the Mesolithic were found within these sediments, testifying to human occupation in the upstream area, and how even human traces have been subject to the same processes involving the soil. Stop 5--Bagioletto Alto--The selected soil profile is composed of three units (Figure 4b). As in the previous stop, the soil surface unit is the result of the current pedagenesis developed starting from a colluvial deposit. This soil unit shows a basic horizon differentiation; inside it, artefacts related to the Iron Age were found. The buried paleosol has a preserved, very rich in clay horizon belonging to a brown leached soil, developed during a period characterized by a mild climate and dense forest cover (Figure 4b). During the Mesolithic, hunter-gatherers temporarily settled in this area in basic huts near a large and dense oak forest. The buried black horizon found at the bottom of the profile reveals how they carried out their daily activities around the essential fireplace, including cooking and producing the flint tools that have been found at the Bagoletto Basso. Discovered in 1977, the site was the subject of recurrent archeological excavations in 1978, 1979, and 1980 [38] (Figure 2c). Stop 6--Montarozzi--The soil profile is composed of two units, a more superficial and poorly developed one and a buried brown leached paleosol developed during the Atlantic period (Figure 4c). The paleosol was eroded and truncated by a colluvial event probably caused by a phase of climatic instability, the instability could be promoted by the slash and burn carried out during the Medieval period, as evidenced by the charcoals found in the soil. The area has been subject to colluvial events in more recent times too. The morphology of the \"Montarozzi\" (residual hill subject to erosion on the entire perimeter) and also the presence of beech-tilted stems highlight how in the recent past and still today the area is affected by slope processes (Figure 2f). Stop 7--Mirtilleto--In this site, two profiles are selected as sites of potential pedological interest. This stop is related to the Montarozzi one, forming a toposequence of soils along the slope. Depending on the position along the slope, we can observe soils with different peculiarities. The upstream profile has two units with the same characteristics as the profile of the Montarozzi (Figure 4d).