## 3 Results
### The Probability of Landslide Occurrence in Cluj County

Table 2: Distribution of landslides in land use classes. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**The Probability of Landslide Occurrence** & **High** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Low** \\ **(Km < 0.10)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Medium** \\ **(0.10 \textless{} Km > 0.30)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Medium-High** \\ **(0.30 \textless{} Km > 0.50)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{1}{c}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **High** \\ **(0.50 \textless{} Km > 0.80)** \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \hline
**ha** & **\%** & **ha** & **\%** & **ha** & **\%** \\ \hline
630.8 & 9.5 & 3007.7 & 45.1 & 2938.5 & 44.1 & 92.3 & 1.4 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: The distribution of classes of landslide occurrence probability in Cluj County. A medium-high probability of landslide occurrence characterizes 1.4% of the study area, including most of the administrative units located in the mountains, such as Belis, Valea Ierri, Margau, Marisel, and Baisoara, where more than 5% of the administrative territory was included in the class of medium-high probability. In this case, the medium-high probability was determined by morphometric features, especially the slope, but also the higher amount of precipitation and the higher primary drainage network density, factors which cause and trigger landslides. Based on examples of measures from the literature, each landslide affected area was adapted to the specificity and severity of the hazard occurrence. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC = 0.783) validation were used to assess and compare the obtained information map and spatial analysis techniques (Figure 11), where AUC values above 0.7 are generally considered satisfactory in landslide research [55,56]. Figure 10: The probability of landslide occurrence in Cluj County. One of the most common causes of landslides is erosion at the base of the slope, which can be caused by excavations for the construction of buildings or to access infrastructure. The risk maps produced were intended to identify slopes prone to landslides and to contribute to the establishment of building restrictions in those areas, manifested in general urban plans or zonal urban plans at the level of administrative-territorial units. Other anthropogenic activities that can cause the manifestation of geomorphological processes include agricultural works, infrastructure development through embankments, overloading of the land with bulky constructions, modification of surface and groundwater drainage, vibrations produced by heavy traffic, deforestation, etc. [57]. Land use and urban planning can be used to establish measures to prevent and combat landslides, such as earthworks, drainage, fixing with posts or pillars, support and anchoring works (using gabions, sheet piling, cellular walls), and afforestation [57]. Other examples of long-term measures that can be implemented through spatial planning include establishing building bans in risk areas, restricting land use patterns to prevent risks from occurring, relocating existing activities away from risk areas, refusing to issue building permits in risk areas, and imposing building standards (height, building materials, foundation structure, etc.). Short-term measures include evacuation plans, establishing emergency shelters and ensuring accessibility [15; 18]. [PERSON] et al. (2005) [58] primarily proposed the afforestation of slopes and avoidance of overloading with construction and technical infrastructure. Other measures (that are more expensive however) include the construction of drainage ditches and stone or concrete walls.