## 3 Results and Discussion
### Effect of Genotype on Total and Individual Anthocyanins
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**-**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Pelargonidin-3-glucose (mg kg\({}^{-1}\) Fresh Weight)**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cultivar**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Courary**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Courary**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Courary**} \\ \hline
**Location** & **Year** & **Can** & **Cle** & **Flo** & **Fri** & **Gar** & **Son** & _Mean per Location_ \\ \hline
**Norway** & **2017** & 184.3 \(\pm\) 23.9 & 228.4 \(\pm\) 23.1 & 330.3 \(\pm\) 26.7 & 328.1 \(\pm\) 36.7 & 178.97 \(\pm\) 39.8 & 145.4 \(\pm\) 13.9 & _232.6 A_ \\  & **2018** & 108.8 \(\pm\) 27.7 & 146.5 \(\pm\) 41.2 & 346.0 \(\pm\) 35.6 & 340.1 \(\pm\) 39.2 & 133.67 \(\pm\) 16.2 & 95.4 \(\pm\) 48.9 & _195.1 A_ \\  & _mean_ & _146.6 ab_ & _187.4 b_ & _338.1 c_ & 334.1 c_ & _156.3 ab_ & _120.4 a_ & \\ \hline
**Poland** & **2017** & 209.9 \(\pm\) 48.0 & 246.2 \(\pm\) 24.0 & 306.0 \(\pm\) 85 & 306.5 \(\pm\) 37.4 & 160.4 \(\pm\) 24.1 & 154.3 \(\pm\) 17.2 & _230.6 A_ \\  & **2018** & 162.2 \(\pm\) 15.2 & 177.9 \(\pm\) 18.5 & 333.4 \(\pm\) 54.6 & 253.2 \(\pm\) 50.8 & 131.6 \(\pm\) 25.5 & 146.7 \(\pm\) 21.3 & _200.8 A_ \\  & _mean_ & _186.0 ab_ & _212.1 b_ & _319.7 c_ & _279.9 c_ & _146.0 a_ & _150.5 a_ & \\ \hline
**Germany** & **2017** & 164.5 \(\pm\) 17.6 & 216.4 \(\pm\) 35.3 & 382.3 \(\pm\) 49.8 & 292.4 \(\pm\) 12.7 & 149.8 \(\pm\) 24.3 & 140.7 \(\pm\) 26.6 & _224.3 A_ \\  & **2018** & 189.5 \(\pm\) 21.6 & 233.2 \(\pm\) 15.7 & 420.8 \(\pm\) 16.8 & 268.1 \(\pm\) 18.8 & 183.8 \(\pm\) 9.0 & 158.4 \(\pm\) 37.6 & _242.1 A_ \\  & _mean_ & _177.0 a_ & _224.8 b_ & _401.5 d_ & _280.3 c_ & _166.8 a_ & _149.5 a_ & \\ \hline
**Italy** & **2017** & - & 288.5 \(\pm\) 22.4 & - & 306.2 \(\pm\) 41.7 & 222.2 \(\pm\) 19.9 & 160.1 \(\pm\) 15.8 & _244.3 B_ \\  & **2018** & - & 200.8 \(\pm\) 33.4 & - & 221.0 \(\pm\) 39.5 & 102.1 \(\pm\) 17.5 & 91.4 \(\pm\) 24.0 & _153.8 A_ \\  & _mean_ & - & _244.7 b_ & - & _263.8 b_ & _162.1 a_ & _125.8 a_ & \\ \hline
**France** & **2017** & 279.5 \(\pm\) 21.6 & 171.1 \(\pm\) 46.4 & 395.0 \(\pm\) 50.6 & 321.8 \(\pm\) 33.1 & 176.0 \(\pm\) 27.8 & 159.9 \(\pm\) 36.1 & _250.5 B_ \\  & **2018** & 271.0 \(\pm\) 39.5 & 274.0 \(\pm\) 53.1 & 345.7 \(\pm\) 55.5 & 225.2 \(\pm\) 42.7 & 125.5 \(\pm\) 31.6 & 140.7 \(\pm\) 33.6 & _230.4 A_ \\  & _mean_ & _275.2 b_ & _222.6 b_ & _370.3 c_ & _273.5 b_ & _150.8 a_ & _150.3 a_ & \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Cultivar mean over all locations_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_196.2 b_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_218.3 b_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_357.4 d_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_286.3 c_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_156.4 a_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_139.3 a_} & \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Significance_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Cultivar_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Location_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Year_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Cultivar x_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Cultivar x_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_Location x_} \\  & *** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_ns_} & *** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_ns_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_ns_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_ns_} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{_*_} \\ \hline \end{tabular} Data are expressed as means \(\pm\) SD (standard deviation) of two sampling dates per year. Before performing the statistical analysis, the homogeneity of the data were ensured using Bartlett’s test. Mean values (\(n=3\)) of different cultivars grown at a particular location followed by lower-case letters represent significant differences (\(p\leq 0.05\)) between cultivars. Mean values of all the cultivars grown in a particular location followed by different upper-case letters represent significant difference between the two years 2017 and 2018 (\(p\leq 0.05\)). Mean values of all cultivars grown at all the locations followed by different lower-case letters represent significant differences (\(p\leq 0.05\)). * = 0.005; *** = 0.001; ns = not significant. Can = “Candonga’; Cle = “Clery’; Flo = “Florence”; Fri = “Frida’; Gar = “Gariguette”; Son = “Sonata’.  
\end{table}