## 2 Wastewater Treatment by Microalgae
### Industrial Wastewater
#### 2.3.3 Microalgae Treatment of Industrial Wastewater
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Alage Used** & **Wastewater Type** & **Conditions of Culture** & **Nutrient Concentration** & **Average Nutrient Removal Rate** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{_Celestrelts sp._} & \multirow{3}{*}{Dairy} & pH: 8.65; P: 8.0 mg L\({}^{-1}\); NH\({}_{2}\)+N; N & P: 66.75\%; NH\({}_{3}\)+N: 90.38\%; & \multirow{3}{*}{[115]} \\  & & Under sunlight & 39.3 mg L\({}^{-1}\); NO\({}_{3}\)+8.64 1 mg L\({}^{-1}\); COD & NO\({}_{3}\)-N: 90.24\%; COD: 69.44\%; & \\  & & Heterotrophic: in the dark for & 1970 mg L\({}^{-1}\); TOC: 72.2 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & TOC: 85.81\% & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{_Desmodoms armatus_} & \multirow{3}{*}{Cassava} & \multirow{3}{*}{Hicotrophic: 420 light: dark} & pH: 5.70; COD: 1570.00 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 74\% & \\  & & & Microoptic: 420 light: dark & pH: 5.70; COD: 1570.00 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 92\% & \\  & & Green stage: 28 \({}^{-}\) C; 3000 lc & 12.12 light dark & TN: 28.2 mg L\({}^{-1}\); T: 4.4 mg L\({}^{-1}\); COD: & TN: 64.9\%; TP: 86.7\%; & \\  & & Red stage: 28 \({}^{-}\) C; 6000 lc & 217.40 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 50.9\% & \\  & & 240 light: dark & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{_Ischevpisia splum_} & \multirow{3}{*}{Al-Ahdab olfield} & \multirow{3}{*}{2000 lc 25\({}^{\circ}\); 186 light dark} & \multirow{3}{*}{COD: 1300 mg L\({}^{-1}\); NH\({}_{4}\)+N: 31 mg L\({}^{-1}\)} & COD: 83\% & \\  & & produced water & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{_Numachhoropsis aulata_} & \multirow{3}{*}{Palm oil mill effluent} & 23 \(\pm\) 10.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 100 \(\mu\)m\({}^{-2}\) s\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 4196.67 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 11.31 mg mg\({}^{-1}\) d\({}^{-1}\) & [121] \\  & & Immobilized microalgae on & COD: 3250 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 71\% & [130] \\  & & sodium alginate beads & & & \\  & & & TN: 11.5 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Cu: 850 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Ca: & TN: 0.27 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Cu: & \\  & & 25\({}^{-}\)C; 2500 lc & 1.31 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Ni: 0.16 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Ti: & 7.7 mg L\({}^{-1}\); C: & \\  & & 12:12 light: dark & 3.51 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Pb: 2.48 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & TN: 11.5 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Cu: 850 mg L\({}^{-1}\); & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & TN: 11.5 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Cu: 850 mg L\({}^{-1}\); & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & TN: 11.5 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Cu: 850 mg L\({}^{-1}\); & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & 13.1 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Ni: 0.16 mg L\({}^{-1}\); & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & 12.12 light: dark & 3.51 mg L\({}^{-1}\); Pb: 2.48 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & & \\ \multirow{3}{*}{_Scendleus simorphics_} & \multirow{3}{*}{Lactic acid} & 25\({}^{\circ}\)C; 2500 lc & COD: 12.57 mg L\({}^{-1}\); TN: 651 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & COD: 95.06\%; TN: 96.31\%; & \\  & & 140 light: dark & NH\({}_{3}\)-N: 160 mg L\({}^{-1}\); TP: 28.2 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & 25\({}^{\circ}\)C; 802 \(\mu\)m L\({}^{-2}\) s\({}^{-1}\); & NH\({}_{3}\)-N: 98.22\%; TP: 90.78\% & \\  & & 240 light: dark & TN: 96.6 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & TN: 98.98\% & \\  & & & TN: 96.6 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & TN: 98.98\% & \\  & & & TN: 96.6 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\  & & & TN: 99.6 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & TN: 98.98\% & \\  & & & TN: 50.6 mg L\({}^{-1}\); TP: 39.4 mg L\({}^{-1}\); COD: & TN: 42\%; TP: 67\%; COD: 82\% & \\  & & & 439.5 mg L\({}^{-1}\); & \multicolumn{3}{c}{} \\ \multirow{3}{*}{_Scendleus simorphics_} & \multirow{3}{*}{Palm oil mill effluent} & 25\({}^{\circ}\)C; 14,000 lc & TN: 330 mg L\({}^{-1}\); PQ: 27.3 mg L\({}^{-1}\); COD: & TN: 86\%; PO\({}_{4}\)-P: 85\%; COD: 48\%; & \\  & & & 240 light: dark & 2500 mg L\({}^{-1}\); TOC: 1400 mg L\({}^{-1}\) & TOC: 77\% & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 11: _Cont._