## 1 Introduction  
Shield muck is a high-water-content, low-permeability fluid-plastic soil containing clay minerals and foaming agents. Due to its unique composition and physicochemical characteristics, conventional construction waste disposal and recycling methods cannot be fully extended to its treatment and resource utilization [1, 2, 3, 4]. Based on the study by [PERSON] et al. on the application of slag in ultrafine tailings [5], it was found that slag was employed in tailing remediation and resource utilization research, demonstrating favorable mechanical properties in practical applications. This indicates that slag contributes to the performance enhancement of solidified materials. Alkali-activated solidification technology employs alkaline activators to dissociate calcium aluminosilicate phases in industrial solid wastes, such as fly ash and slag, inducing depolymerization-reorganization reactions that form an interwoven C-(A)-S-H/N-A-S-H gel structure. By modulating parameters like activator modulus and alkali dosage, this technology can be precisely tailored to shield muck systemswith diverse mineralogical compositions, achieving the chemical immobilization of heavy metal ions while markedly enhancing the early-stage mechanical properties of solidified matrices [6; 7; 8; 9]. However, engineering applications still face challenges such as sluggish strength development and suboptimal mechanical performance, which hinder compliance with modern underground construction demands for rapid shield much processing and performance requirements of engineering materials derived from shield muck. Carbonation curing technology, based on the carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration principle, enhances material performance through controlled reactions between calcium/magnesium components and CO2 to form carbonates (e.g., CaCO3), achieving CO2 immobilization [10; 11; 12]. The implementation process involves three stages: preprocessing, carbonation reaction, and post-curing [13; 14; 15; 16]. Alkali-activated materials, though primarily composed of calcium aluminosilicate network structures, can be optimized through raw material modification (e.g., incorporation of high-calcium industrial solid wastes such as slag powder) to construct a composite system combining a siliceous matrix with supplementary calcium sources. This strategy effectively addresses the limited carbonation activity of conventional alkali-activated materials, thereby expanding their application potential in carbonation curing technologies [17; 18; 19; 20]. The mechanism of temperature effects on carbonation reactions exhibits multifactorial coupling characteristics, making its comprehensive influence challenging to quantify through single-parameter evaluations [21; 22; 23; 24]. From a reaction kinetics perspective, elevated temperatures significantly reduce Ca2+ solubility in pore solutions, directly weakening the driving force for carbonation. However, temperature increases also enhance CO2 diffusion coefficients, facilitating its penetration through the formed carbonate surface layers into the matrix interior [25; 26; 27]. More complexly, temperature field variations reconfigure the moisture transport equilibrium in material-environment systems. Under constant humidity conditions, matrix water retention capacity diminishes with rising temperatures, while dynamic water content evolution concurrently influences CO2 dissolution/permeation and governs ion migration rates, resulting in mutually constraining dual effects [28; 29; 30; 31]. These multi-scale, multi-physics interactions necessitate experimental characterization to systematically resolve the net impact of temperature on carbonation rates. The moisture distribution within pore systems exerts a dual regulatory mechanism on carbonation processes, governing the dynamic equilibrium of gas-liquid-solid phase reactions.