# A Framework for Cloud Based E-Government from the Perspective of Developing Countries
## 1 Introduction  
The phenomenon of e-government in the past couple of decade has taken the government service delivery approach to the next level. The advancement in technology has brought such a dramatic change that almost every government service could be delivered and acquired electronically in the developed countries [1]. This trend has attracted many developing and less developed countries to implement e-government solutions in order to enhance the government service delivery approach that would save government resources. However, e-government projects in developing countries suffer a poor success rate in that only 30 percent of e-government projects manage to sustain the actual delivery stage [2]. [PERSON] et al. [3] found that e-government users in developing countries have minimal access to the ICT tools that ultimately restricts access to the offered e-government services. Among the various reasons for e-government failure, the lack of adequate ICT infrastructure, payment gateway and e-government service delivery channels are some of the major issues [4]. Beside this, the lack of attention to e-government adoption while designing and implementing e-government projects is one of the major contributors to e-government project failure. [PERSON] et al. [5] found that governments put a high emphasis on the sophistication of the technology for e-government implementation while the adoption part is often overlooked, creating a gap in the implemented service and user strength to adopt those services. Therefore, merely having an online portal and offeringgovernment services through this portal is not enough to gain citizen participation [6]. [PERSON] [7] found that the government approach for initiating an e-government in the government-to-citizen (G2C) dimension is problematic for developing countries especially when e-government systems are not integrated. [PERSON] et al. [8] also identified that the lack of integrated e-government systems makes the offered services incomplete and discourages users from getting involved. In the context of aforementioned scenario, it is imperative to develop a viable e-government implementation solution that supports governments to effectively implement and integrate existing e-government systems to better align them with citizens need.  
The novel contribution of this paper is a framework that: (i) supports a cloud-based government-to-government (G2G) e-government solution that would provide a strategic roadmap for successful e-government implementation from the perspective of developing countries; and (ii) includes several concepts and a systematic process that are necessary for e-government implementation and justifies different service delivery channels and transaction processing models to deliver e-government services through a more citizen-centric approach. The proposed framework has been validated for its usability and adoptability in the context of developing countries and the impact it would bring in the government service delivery. The framework further supports to identify various e-government service delivery channels and payment processing models for the citizen-centric services. We have adopted participatory action research in order to evaluate the framework and the findings show its positive impact in line with the aim and objective of this paper.