# Intelligent Traffic Model for Unmanned Ground Vehicles Based on DSDV-AODV Protocol
## 1 Introduction  
Recent technological advancements have enabled the development of traffic systems, which require dependable communication technology in order to function. VANET technology is used to communicate data about intelligent traffic lights, which are focused on improving infrastructure during accidents and reducing traffic congestion. In order to ensure reliable data transmission, suitable routing protocols must be used in VANET. The globe is facing the challenges of increased traffic, pollution, and traffic accidents. One of the major issues produced by a significant number of transport vehicles is the emergence of traffic congestion at city junctions. Current technical advancements have led to the creation of an intelligent traffic system called intelligent traffic light. This technology improves the efficiency of traffic management, monitoring, and control in terms of cost, performance, and maintenance. To communicate with UGV networks in the use of intelligent traffic lights, dependable communication network technology is required. Aside from the advancement of wireless networks, several technologies have evolved to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of communication. The Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) and its interaction with routing protocols are two developing technologies. Previously, the authors of [1; 2; 3] performed a study on the full potential of the convergence of VANET and WSNon the Internet of Things for urban data collecting. Additionally, some experiments [4; 5] using VANET to handle file transfers use data communication on intelligent traffic lights, emphasizing the interface infrastructure. Some reviewers provided an overview of various computing paradigms related to vehicular networks. It outlined the key features of each computing paradigm and highlighted the open research challenges in vehicular networks. Choosing the correct routing protocol in VANET is important in establishing reliable data transfers, especially given the necessity for a network design that adapts to demands and situations. According to the research of [6; 7], who investigated Dedicated On-Demand Routing Protocols (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector Routing Protocol (DSDV) on VANET, DSDV and AODV routing protocols are the recommended routing protocols, and they have the best performance when compared to other routing protocols. Based on this background, research is required to compare AODV and DSDV-AODV routing protocols to examine a reliable intelligent traffic light data transmission system on a chassis built using VANET network technology. However, because the ad hoc attribute is difficult to understand and difficult in forecasting an application's performance when it is implemented for a network, one effective technique to analyze this system is to simulate it in real time. Much research on network simulation tools [8; 9; 10] has shown that the Optimized Mobile Network Engineering Tool (OMNET++) is the best solution for executing VANET simulations. Researchers can simply extract metric parameters on the network because the OMNET++ emulator supports most VANET protocols. As a result, this study's contribution is to simulate and implement data transmission on intelligent traffic lights utilizing the DSDV-AODV routing protocol on the VANET. Because of its simulation employing wireless network technology, the OMNET++ simulator employs the 802.11b wireless standard, which has long-term advantages and is now more frequently used than the 802.11a standard [11; 12; 13]. Some researchers have evaluated the performance of AODV, DSR, and DVR routing protocols, where the simulation results showed that AODV was more efficient, but DSR achieved the best results in terms of energy consumption [14]. In addition, some researchers have studied a new way to integrate proactive and reactive routing in ad hoc networks [15].