## 4 Discussion of System Configuration and Performance Analysis
### System Algorithm Development
Critical alert maximum set temperature (temp) = above 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C  
Algorithm simulation in Figure 5 shows 12 \({}^{\circ}\)C is configured in step 2 to run the algorithm test. The value is considered as the temperature below the minimum set threshold of 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C. In step 3A, the algorithm simulation responded with an error, which is regarded as default error input since it is below 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C. This condition was redirected to step 3B (Error correction/Run/Checks/Updates). The outcome of this simulation was successful according to the configuration criteria. Any temperature below the minimum set value for the iteration process would be considered an error and redirected for correction. The activity time elapsed is 6.302 s.  
In Figure 6, 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C was configured as a minimum input temperature set value to run the algorithm through steps 2 and 3A successfully. However, during the process at steps 4 and 5, the temperature fell to 12 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 13 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. The EEPROM failed to save any of these as operating temperatures because the values were below the minimum set operating temperature threshold of 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C, although it has passed step 3A. The critical alert minimum constrained temperature is set below 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Therefore, the process is routed through step 7A for rescan of another cycle and 7C as abnormal system scenario which requires control remedial action through step 7C. The temperature value is below the minimum operating range which cannot guarantee reliable performance. The condition could be attributed to weak solar PV irradiance during the night or in situations where irradiance will not be enough to generate needed power for the systems optimal performance. This condition then prompts SMS alerts for correction or proposes contingency control solution to remedy the situation through step 6 and 7C. Figure 5: Default error input simulation. It is also a possible indication to trigger an alert notification for battery low-temperature condition during extreme cold weather conditions for remedial actions. The elapsed time for this simulation was 22.11 s.  
Figure 7 shows the normal operating temperature simulation. The iterative temperature for the process was set at 45 \({}^{\circ}\)C to allow system temperatures above normal operations. The temperature, however, fell to the reasonable operating threshold of 23 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 29 \({}^{\circ}\)C at steps 4 and 5 respectively. The EEPROM saved 29 \({}^{\circ}\)C as normal temperature variable for the system at step 6. Since it is within threshold settings, the temperature was confirmed normal operating threshold and stored through the ZigBee transceiver WSNs nodes step 7B and finally displayed and archived at the DMS-DMU for operations and maintenance purposes. The process elapsed time was 8.541 s.  
The algorithm simulation in Figure 8 shows critical alert maximum constrained temperature above 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C, with an iterative temperature value of 43 \({}^{\circ}\)C. During the process, the temperatures passed through steps 4 and 5 with values of 31 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 43 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. The temperatures indicate out of range threshold. The scenario is considered high-temperature thermal condition, hence rendering the system abnormal. The abnormal condition was routed through step 7C to trigger SMS alert for remedial action. The situation impedes optimal system operations and affects reliability. Control solutions could be set to activate remedial functions through this SMS notification. The scenario could be attributed to the high temperature on solar PV which could affect power generation. It could also be an indication of a high thermal impact on the transformer and protection control cooling system, which can ruin operations. The time elapsed for the simulation process was 21.47 s.  
Figure 6: Critical alert minimum temperature below 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 7: Normal operating temperature (15-30 \({}^{\circ}\)C).