## 1 Introduction
[PERSON] and [PERSON] [29] analyzed the seismic behavior of a historical masonry minaret in the Ahlat district, taking into account the previous seismic design code in Turkiye, and obtained the stress and displacement values. The impact of changing geometric characteristics on the earthquake behavior of different masonry historical minarets in Bursa was demonstrated by [PERSON] et al. [30]. The outcomes of vibration testing and numerical modeling in historical minarets by using various variables were compared by [PERSON] et al. [31]. Nine medieval brick masonry minarets in Isfahan had structural evaluations conducted by [PERSON] et al. [32] to account for dead loads, wind, temperature, and seismic effects. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [33] investigated the dynamic behavior of seven masonry minarets in the city center of Aksaray (Turkiye). [PERSON] et al. [34] conducted a dynamic analysis using three earthquake acceleration records by considering the minarets of Hagia Sophia. The master's thesis of [PERSON] [35] examined wooden minarets with various construction systems and analyzed two of them in detail. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [36] examined the four-legged minaret in Diyarbakir (Turkiye) using the finite element method (FEM) and analyzed the cracks formed in the minaret. The study of [PERSON] et al. [37] concerns the seismic behavior of Hizirbey Mosque Minaret in the central district of Kurklareli (Turkiye). Seismic damage estimation of different ground motion levels in a historical brick masonry minaret was investigated using updated finite element models,which were validated using the ambient vibration data [38]. [PERSON] et al. [39] presented the condition assessment and structural analysis of the Al-Rifa'i minaret in Egypt. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [40] examined the seismic behavior of the Alkifil minaret in Iran. Each of these studies can be considered a case study. These studies focused on FEM modeling, strengthening the masonry minarets, and identifying the minarets' structural characteristics and seismic behavior. Only the material properties currently used in the minaret were considered, and the variety of materials used in minarets was not examined in detail as in this study. Unlike many other studies, nine different minaret heights were considered in the structural analysis. In this study, unlike other studies, the effect of thirteen different building material types, which are widely used in today's minarets, on the earthquake behavior of minarets has been revealed. This study's main goal is to examine the behavior of minarets, which were built using different building materials and have an important place in Islamic architecture under the influence of earthquakes. This study aimed to reveal the impact of material mechanical properties on the seismic and dynamic behavior of minarets. Different building materials were taken into consideration, such as Ahlat stone, Bitlis stone, Kufeki stone, Diyarbakir basalt, brick, Andesite stone, natural stone, cut stone, adobe, Edremit traverting, Suphan basalt, Karamursel Od stone, and the C25-concrete class. The mechanical properties of each material are taken directly from the literature, or if this information was unavailable, then the data were taken from the relevant standards. The sample minaret was modeled using the FEM, and structural analyses were performed for each material separately. Modal analysis of the minaret was conducted for each material type from which stresses and displacements were obtained. Eigenvalue analysis was used to determine the fundamental natural periods for different minaret materials and heights since the fundamental natural period of the building should be known for the analysis of a building under the influence of an earthquake. At the same time, natural fundamental periods for the first ten modes for 13 different types of materials used in the study were estimated with the established ANN model.