## 4 Drone Forensics and Security Solutions--Review
The experimental results demonstrated the potential of drone forensics in aiding law enforcement agencies by providing valuable information that is crucial for criminal investigations. In the same year in 2021, [PERSON] et. al., [122] addressed the opportunities in drone forensic models. They acknowledged the significant impact of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones on surveillance and supply chain logistics by enabling access to previously inaccessible areas. However, the increased adoption of drones has also led to an upsurge in drone-related criminal activities, raising concerns related to security and forensics. To gain a deeper understanding of the current state of research and potential mitigation approaches, the authors conducted a detailed review of existing digital forensic models using a Design Science Research method. This study provides valuable insights into research challenges and opportunities in investigating drone-related incidents. The authors propose a potential generic investigation model and emphasize the relevance of these findings for forensic researchers and practitioners for developing a guided methodology for drone-related event investigation. Additionally, they highlighted the importance of this study as a foundation for the development of international standardization for drone forensics. In their seminal work in 2022, [PERSON] et. al. [123] proposed a novel framework aimed at improving the readiness of forensic investigations in the drone field. Recognizing the unique complexities and challenges associated with drone forensics, the authors proposed a comprehensive model that emphasized preparedness to efficiently collect, analyze, and preserve the data involved in drone-related incidents. Their framework offers a structured approach to digital evidence handling, which is key to successful forensic investigations. Importantly, it is designed to be applicable in diverse scenarios, regardless of the specificities of the drone system or nature of the incident. This contribution is significant because it enhances the capabilities of forensic teams for dealing with drone-related security breaches, thereby improving the overall security landscape of the rapidly evolving UAV sector. In 2022, [PERSON] et al. [124] focused on drone forensics: specifically, by conducting a case study of the DJI Mavic Air 2 drone. They acknowledged the increasing prevalence of cost effective and high-performance unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the consumer market, which leads to an increase in their leisure and business applications. Consequently, there has been growing demand for digital forensic examinations of these devices. The authors explored and discussed the forensic examination process specifically for DJI drones, which are popular in Singapore. They presented their findings by examining the exposed File Transfer Protocol (FTP) channel and extracting the data-at-rest from the drone's memory chip. The extraction was carried out using the chip-off and chip-on techniques, and the authors demonstrated their methodology for retrieving data from the drone. This research contributes to the field of drone forensics by providing insights into the forensic examination process for DJI drones, thus contributing to our understanding of the digital forensics of UAVs. In 2022, [PERSON] et al. [125] developed an efficient platform using the MQTT protocol for UAV control and DoS attack detection and demonstrated its robustness through tests on latency and network and memory consumption with a high true positive rate for DoS detection using advanced machine learning techniques. In 2023, [PERSON] et al. [126] addressed the need for communication anonymity within MQTT for IoT networks by proposing MQTT-anonymous (MQTT-A), which ensured the anonymity of publishers and subscribers through P2P collaboration among intermediate bridge brokers by using standard MQTT primitives and without requiring changes to existing infrastructure.