# 3D Facial Plastic Surgery Simulation: Based on the Structured Light
## 4 Conclusions  
The 3D quantitative analysis of facial morphology, such as face reconstruction and surgical simulation, is important in plastic surgery (PS). Both can help surgeons design appropriate plastic procedures before performing the surgery. In parallel to increased demands for plastic surgeries, desires are emerging to verify the patient's satisfaction and reduce the risks during the surgery. By interactively virtual surgery on 3D face models, doctors can design surgery by comparing the changes in face models before and after virtual surgery to obtain the accurate data required in plastic surgery. This can change the empirical blind operation, improve the operation accuracy, help improve the operation effect, and shorten the operation time. In this paper, we present a new 3D system for guiding plastic surgeons to design surgical plans. The system can suggest, for any selected facial area, new 3D shapes able to improve the general harmony of the face, which meets the esthetic evaluation criteria. A face 3D data acquisition system is built based on a highly integrated, miniaturized, and convenient depth camera. The 3D face model is picked up by employing the bounding box theory, the 3D face morphing is controlled based on the finite element method, and the face feature points are extracted by the Dlib library. The esthetic strategy is used to evaluate the face shape, eyes, eyebrows, and nose. All corresponding subsystems have been implemented and tested. Several surgical simulation examples are provided to show how the system works on key facial areas such as the nose, mouth, and chin (it is worth noting that our subjects are not real patients, and test cases were selected from our research staff). The tests showed that our method is effective. An accurate display of the reconstructed areas after facial micropigmentation and facial micropigmentation recommendations can be presented. Despite the small database of faces used, experts evaluate the results and demonstrate that the proposed system can improve the esthetic quality of 3D faces. The 3D facial virtual PS method proposed in this paper has the following advantages. Firstly, it personalizes, quantifies, and digitizes the plastic surgery design process, gives patients a better and more graphic understanding of the post-operative results in advance, and facilitates communication between doctors and patients. Secondly, as an excellent expansion product, it can assist plastic surgeons in effectively determining whether the face meets the relevant standards. Finally, by performing interactive virtual surgery on the 3D face model, the doctor can design the surgery by comparing the changes in the face model before and after the virtual surgery, thus obtaining the accurate data required for plastic surgery. This can change the blind operation by virtue of experience and improve the accuracy of the operation, which is conducive to improving the surgical results and shortening the operation time. Further work for improving the system will be carried out in three directions. It has already been observed that a 3D scanning system requires a good lighting environment when it is operating and requires users to keep still. If there is blinking or slight movement,it will lead to texture color inconsistency in the 3D facial model. To improve the 3D reconstruction performances, we plan to implement image processing algorithms to remove the effects of uneven illumination and motion artifacts. The second important area of improvement is extending sculpt of the system described, which deals with the esthetic planning of surgery, and also deals with the cosmetology constraints, combining the whitening, freckle removal, and Spot nevus. Finally, the volume calculation algorithm will be developed to improve the accuracy of volume measurement to assist doctors in facial filling surgery effectively. Conceptualization, X.J. and Z.R. ; methodology, Z.R. and S.S.; software, Z.R. and S.S.; validation, X.J., S.S. and Z.R. ; formal analysis, Z.R. and S.S.; investigation, Z.R., S.S., X.J.