## 3 Results
This would also allow for the consolidation of scattered findings, provide more robust theoretical frameworks, and facilitate informed decision-making in curriculum design and AI literacy within higher education. RQ4. How does the geographical distribution of publications behave? The most relevant countries, according to the corresponding author, are shown below (see Table 6). The above is complemented by a graph that visually shows the proportion of publications from each country; the blue part of the bar represents publications by authors \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Country** & **Manuscripts** & **SCP * & **MCP ** & **Freq *** & **MCP\_Ratio ****** \\ \hline China & 56 & 5 & 7 & 0.021 & 0.583 \\ United Kingdom & 37 & 10 & 3 & 0.023 & 0.231 \\ USA & 21 & 13 & 4 & 0.03 & 0.235 \\ Australia & 19 & 8 & 10 & 0.032 & 0.556 \\ Hong Kong & 18 & 12 & 7 & 0.033 & 0.368 \\ Spain & 17 & 17 & 4 & 0.037 & 0.19 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Notes—* SCP (Single Country Publications): Number of publications published exclusively by authors from a single country, i.e., without international collaboration; **MCP (Multiple Country Publications): Number of publications published in collaboration with authors from other countries; *** Frequency: Number of articles published by corresponding authors from a country; *** MCP\_Ratio: It is the ratio of international collaborative publications (MCP) to total articles. A higher value of MCP\_Ratio indicates that a country has more international collaborations in proportion to its total articles.  
\end{table} 
Table 6: Most relevant countries, according to the corresponding author. Figure 5: Distribution of scientific production by type of document. from a single country (SCP), while the red part represents publications in international collaboration (MCP). See Figure 6.  
China leads in several articles, Hong Kong stands out for its high proportion of publications in collaboration with authors from several countries (international collaboration), while Spain and the USA prioritize research within their borders. In raw data, the scientific production analysis reveals that China leads the ranking with 128 publications, followed by the United Kingdom with 107 and the United States with 95, consolidating its position as the three countries with the greatest contribution in the field. Australia occupies fourth place with 73 documents, followed by India with 59. In a second productivity band are Spain, with 43 publications; Indonesia and Jordan, with 41 each; finally, Malaysia and Peru, both had 38. In summary, scientific production is led by traditional powers, but the growing participation of emerging countries stands out, reflecting a greater geographic diversification of knowledge (see Figure 7). RQ5. What thematic areas stand out in scientific production on the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in higher education? Below is a graph showing the distribution of thematic areas involved in the scientific production of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education (see Figure 8). The results show that Social Sciences stand out as the most represented field, suggesting a predominant interest in studying the impacts of generative AI from social, pedagogical, or educational perspectives. In second place, Engineering appears, with a notably lower but significant volume, indicating its importance in the technical development and  
Figure 6: Corresponding author’s countries. Figure 7: Country scientific production. Note: The most intense blue colors represent the most prominent countries. application of generative AI. Other areas such as Mathematics, Arts and Humanities, and Health Professions present smaller but also relevant contributions related to technical methodologies, creative applications, or ethical implications in the context of AI in higher education, and finally, the other areas show a low representation, indicating that the connection between these disciplines and the use of generative AI in education is more limited.