## 6 Conclusions  
In MASS communication scenarios, the mobility of nodes results in dynamic changes in network topology. This paper proposes an outage capacity-based link persistence estimation scheme tailored for dynamic maritime environments. The scheme initially accounts for mutual node movement and predicts link persistence based on relative node distances. Subsequently, an objective function is formulated for maritime transmission modes to optimize channel capacity. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in accurately predicting link duration and capacity, thereby enabling higher network capacity compared to direct transmission. Moreover, an increase in interruption probability leads to further enhancements in topological performance. Using the proposed link persistence as a metric for routing protocol can result in better performance in terms of packet loss ratio, end-to-end delay and throughput, compared to traditional metrics. The proposed mobility model exhibits better accuracy and reliability in describing the mobility of nodes, compared with other mobility models. However, there are limitations arising from the scene assumptions and simulation settings used in this paper. Due to the absence of global information, we resorted to initial path interference. Future research endeavors could explore the utilization of machine learning algorithms for interference prediction, or create distributed cooperation mechanisms between network nodes. This would enable nodes to share local interference information, resulting in a more accurate estimation of link persistence. Future research should also focus on combining environmental perception technologies or probabilistic models to supplement the description of environmental factors and quantify the impact of environmental factors on link persistence. Finally, in our own future work, we will incorporate more parameters and constraints related to actual maritime communication, to better reflect real-world application scenarios.  
This study strictly focuses on civilian MASS communication technologies, with all proposed models and algorithms designed solely to enhance public service capabilities. The research explicitly excludes any military applications, and fully complies with civilian standards, including the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea and the MASS Code.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Packet Loss Ratio** & **End-to-End Delay** & **Throughput** \\ \hline Proposed model & 0.6456 & 12.38 & 18.98 \\ Model in [7] & 0.8964 & 45.34 & 15.62 \\ Actual vessel trajectories & 0.6116 & 16.86 & 17.23 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Comparison of different mobility models.  
**Author Contributions:** S.H.: Conceptualization, methodology, software, and writing--original draft preparation. X.D.: Software, writing--review and editing, validation, and investigation. Q.H.: Investigation and supervision. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This work was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2021M690504.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data can be shared up on request.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.