# Analysis and Design of Protection Device for Anchor Cable Pull-Out in High-Stress Roadways
###### Abstract  
In regions with high-stress roadway stress, anchor cables frequently experience damage, leading to risky pull-outs and ejections. This study aimed to determine the dynamics of such incidents, refine protective devices, and validate their efficacy in enhancing safety. Drawing from an ejection accident in the 1632 (3) roadway of Pan San Mine, a combination of laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, simulations, and field applications was utilized. The kinetic energy and speed of cable ejections were determined from single-axis tension test data. Based on these insights, a spring-based protection device was conceptualized. Subsequent experiments and simulations evaluated the energy absorption and deformation characteristics of these devices with different diameters. The results included the following: A cable, during ejection, moved at 48 m/s. Spring protective devices of 4 mm can absorb more energy than the 5 mm, but the anti-ejection effect is poor respectively. Increasing the device diameter improved its performance, especially in controlling spring deformation rate and preventing cable lock-ups. This devised protection mechanism showed promising results when implemented in the 1511 (1) roadway of Zhangji Mine. anchor cable; ejection; strain energy; protective devices of spring Article Analysis and Design of Protection Pull-Out in High-Stress Roadways  
[PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] Analysis and Design of Protection Device for Anchor Cable Pull-Out in High-Stress Roadways  
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and shear failure characteristics of anchors; and studied the helical structure of anchors via ABAQUS 2020. Their study results showed that the shear stress of anchors experienced an alternate change process from strong to weak, from weak to strong, and finally, from strong to weak. [PERSON] et al. [12] and [PERSON] et al. [13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18] proposed a combination of anchors and C-shaped canals for conducting double-shear tests. Their results proved that anchors and C-shaped canals could improve the transverse shear capacity of supporting materials during the shear process and strengthen the axial ultimate bearing capacity of anchors. [PERSON] et al. [19], [PERSON] et al. [20], [PERSON] et al. [21], and [PERSON] et al. [22] studied the mechanical and supporting characteristics of anchors with negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) through field investigation and numerical simulation. [PERSON] et al. [23] conducted a single-shear test of full-wrapping-type anchors and determined that the shear strength of spiral and groove-type anchors was lower than that of ordinary anchors and the peak shear load of anchors could be reduced by increasing the pre-tightening load. By conducting double-shear tests, [PERSON] et al. [24] concluded that the peak shear load of round steel strand anchors was higher than those of indented and spiral steel strand anchors. [PERSON] et al. [25] believed that the key to the stability of surrounding rocks in a roadway with a soft rock composite roof lay in reasonably arranging anchors and elevating their effective stress diffusion efficiency. This author explored the influence of different anchor supporting parameters on the stress diffusion of surrounding rocks through numerical simulation software and proposed the optimal parameters. [PERSON] et al. [26] believed that tensile load presented a cubic polynomial relationship with torque and essentially exhibited linear relationships in different stages. The failure mechanism of the anchorage section was manifested by initial tensile failure, followed by shear failure. The drawing-torque-displacement relations of anchors experienced three stages: loading, softening, and residual. [PERSON] et al.