## 1 Introduction  
For the industrial transportation of liquid and metal, diaphragm pumps are widely used in the chemical engineering and pharmaceutical industries [1,2]. The realization of pump systems plays an essential role in manipulating and driving volumes of solution [3]. The diaphragm pumps, considered to be positive displacement pumps, control the flow rate of the liquid with various levels of viscosity and are used to avoid the problem of the contamination of liquid or corrosive chemicals that affect several processes [4]. One type of diaphragm pump considered is the electromagnetic diaphragm pump (EMP), which has a pump body, a spring, a diaphragm, and an electromagnetic with variable pole areas and single-direction valves [5,6]. The electromagnet with variable pole areas is composed of an electromagnetic coil, an iron core, a magnetic isolation ring, and an inner and outer armature [7]. In the EMP, the fluid flow, the magnetic field and the electric field parameters are studied as functions of the geometry of magnets and channel heights to achieve the maximum flow rate and efficiency of the pump [8, 9, 10]. An integral DC electromagnet with a conical armature was simulated using Ansoft Maxwell software (ANSYS, Inc. Headquarters, Southpointe, 2600 Ansys Drive, Canonsburg, PA 15317 USA) and compared to the displacement-force characteristics of the high-speed electromagnets in [11]. The electromagnet with variable pole areas is determined by analyzing the equivalent magnetic circuit,and experiments were conducted to verify the results of theoretical calculations [12; 13]. The electrode material in Mo and NdFeB, the permanent magnet, to develop a pump was designed to transport liquid metal in [14; 15; 16]. The electromagnetic pump for microfluidic applications presents the fluid driven periodically through the channel with the coil input current that generates an electromagnetic force and a diaphragm deflection in [17]. The characteristics of an EMP with a rotating magnet under low inlet pressure is studied in [18; 19]. Furthermore, in recent studies, the problem of design based on 3D printing technology, and the numerical analysis of electromagnetic pumps through simulation and experiments using a single chamber and three chambers, for enhancing their performance, have attracted the attention in the literature [20; 21; 22]. In this article, we proposed the design of an electromagnetic diaphragm pump prototype in which the mechanism is performed by the means of a magnetic field that attracts or repels a permanent magnet placed within a flexible film. The two electromagnetics change the position of the permanent magnet located on the membrane of the pump. The electromagnetic forces allow us to change the position of the permanent magnet, giving the pressure to pump the water [23]. The electromagnet generates a magnetic field by passing an electric current through a coil wound around a cone made of ferromagnetic material. Therefore, the pump can suck water, as well as dirty water, and it can be possible to clean and filter it using membranes. For this reason, the device could be used in solar panels to pump water and warm it. Therefore, a control system of the electromagnetic diaphragm pump based on the Arduino NANO ATmega328 controller includes a display, two drivers to change the polarization of the magnets, and safety devices. The mechanical and electric elements and the peripheral devices, such as fans for cooling the electromagnetic system, are controlled by the software program. Therefore, to control the direction of the polarity change, the H-bridge is included. The performance of the device and the check valves, as well as the design and selection of materials for the pump body, including the material used to make the pump diaphragm, were analyzed.