## 6 Conclusions  
Recently, soundscape approaches have attracted more attention due to the increasing importance of evidence-based and perception-driven solutions to build better urban acoustic environments. Soundscape recording and reproducing techniques are essential tools for soundscape research and design. The present paper provides an overall picture of various spatial audio recording and reproduction techniques, which can be applied in soundscape studies and applications. Soundscape researchers should understand the strengths and weaknesses of these spatial audio recording and reproduction techniques, and apply the most appropriate techniques to suit their research purposes. Notably, the emerging VR/AR technologies, together with the advanced spatial audio recording and reproduction techniques, enable a more interactive and immersive auditory and visual perception, and would be a great fit for soundscape design with high ecological validity. Future research needs to focus more on spatial aspects of soundscape design elements for developing more accurate soundscape models. **Acknowledgments:** Vectors modified under creative commons CC BY 2.0 for Figure 8 are designed by Vvstudio and Freepik. The background used in Figure 8 is modified for reuse under creative commons CC BY 3.0, was created by guillaumpaumier.com. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. * [PERSON] (2012) [PERSON] A review of progress in soundscapes and an approach to soundscape planning. _Int. J. Acoust. Vib._**2012**, _17_, 73-81. [CrossRef]
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