## 5 Paleomagnetic Mapping
### Paleomagnetic Mapping in Northern Israel
#### 5.1.3. Hermon Paleomagnetic Map  
One of the brightest and the most exotic in geological-geophysical terms is Hermon Mt., belonging to the Antilebanon terrane [26]. This mountain is the most elevated tectonic block of the Easternmost Mediterranean, reaching an absolute elevation of 2482 m above sea level and with an abnormal depth of the Moho discontinuity--over 37 km [89]. Figure 20: Paleomagnetic–geodynamic map of the Hula Basin (see its location in Figure 3) and adjacent areas of the Golan Plateau, Hermon Mt., and Galilea uplift (modified after [57]). (1) Volcanic cones, (2) Cretaceous traps, (3) outcrops with the radiometric ages of basalts (in Ma), (4) boreholes, (5) faults: (a) observed, (b) reconstructed, (6) pull-apart basin, (7) tectonic blocks rotations: (a) counterclockwise, (b) clockwise, (8) outcrops with the determined reversely magnetized basalts, (9) outcrops with the determined normally magnetized basalts, (10) chrons of the Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale, (11) areas of the reversely magnetized basalts, (12) areas of the normally magnetized basalts, (13) Gissar superzone, (14) Jalal superzone, (15) Tuarkyr–Khorezm superzone, (16) Sogdiana superzone. The paleomagnetic scale for this area is presented in Figure 19B. The area (see its location in Figure 3) is composed mainly of Jurassic limestones and dolomites permeated by vast Mike complexes of alkaline basalts and, in the south, byeruptive volcanic breccias filling the diatremes with a width of 200 to 1500 m [90,91]. In the southeastern part of the area (Figure 21A), a strip of the Cretaceous volcanic apparatuses--lavas, tuffs, and volcanic cones--was replaced to the south by the Early Cretaceous sandstones and the Late Cretaceous carbonate rocks. The latter are sharply, unconformably overlapped by the Quaternary basalts belonging to the traps occurring on the northern part of the Golan Plateau [79]. Figure 21: Mt. Hermon geodynamic–paleomagnetic map (see the location of this area in Figure 3). (**A**) Tectono-paleomagnetic indicators. (1) Lower Cretaceous basalt–basalnité dikes, (2) Lower Cretaceous alkaline basalt flows and tuffs, (3) Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous diabase, (4) Lower–Upper Cretaceous alkaline basalt flows, (5) Lower Cretaceous diatreme pipes, (6) Upper Cretaceous alkaline basalt cone, (7) faults, (8) axis of the Hermon anticline, (9) counterclockwise (a) and clockwise (b) rotation of faults and magmatic bodies, (10) radiometric age of magmatic rocks, (11) points of Mesozoic magmatism studied by different methods: (a) by K-Ar, Ar-Ar data, (b) Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic data, (12) paleomagnetic measurements of the Pleistocene magmatic rocks: (a) reverse polarity, (b) normal polarity; ((1–8) and (10–12) from [88,90–99], paleomagnetic zones (13–16): (13) Gissar, (14) Jalal-1, (15) Jalal-2, (16) Sogdiana-2 (Matuyama and Brunhes Chrons). (**B**) Geodynamic changes of Antilebanon terrane displacement in the Middle Mesozoic-Cenozoic. (**C**) Paleomagnetic scale. The Jurassic carbonate rocks form a gentle brachyanticlinal fold burrow Hermon, the axis of which extends in the central part of the area in the SSW-NNE direction. In general, the limestone Jurassic massif is penetrated by numerous diagonal tectonic faults parallel to the Hermon anticlinal axis and sub-latitudinal arcuate faults, very characteristic of the region of the EMM, where the primary regional rotation of tectonic blocks counterclockwise is developed [14]. The paleomagnetic map of the Mt. Hermon area has been constructed for the first time (Figure 21A-C). It is based on an integration of sufficiently detailed aforementioned geological data, as well as petrological [93; 95], petrostructural [91], radiometric [88; 93; 94; 95; 96; 97], and paleomagnetic [88; 100] data. All these data enable us to conclude that within the study area, three paleomagnetic complexes are developed, two of which are Mesozoic (Gissar and Jalal), and one is Late Cenozoic; the youngest zones of the Brunhes and Matuyama relate to the Sogdiana superzone (Figure 21C).