## 3 ICX Model
### ICX Factors in the TMIM Process  
This section integrates ICX-influencing factors (identified in a prior systematic literature review [3]) into the three stages of the TMIM process. The Personal Dimension includes preferences and aptitudes such as data access and exposure, which can boost performance but also blur work-life boundaries [55]. Behavioral influences in this dimension include power distance [10], sociability and dominance traits [40], resistance to change [14], and self-sufficiency [56]. The Social Dimension focuses on peer interaction, including information sharing [57], communication across hierarchies [10], and workplace relationship opportunities [11]. The Organizational Dimension encompasses policies, infrastructure, and job-related mechanisms that affect access and information use [10; 12; 46]. These dimensions offer a comprehensive framework for evaluating ICX, integrating behavioral traits, system attributes, and contextual factors. Information consumption spans the entire TMIM process--from recognizing an information gap to acquiring and using information. Table 2 shows how ICX factors align with TMIM phases. The Interpretation Phase involves recognizing an information gap and the anxiety that it generates. In ICX, this equates to employees becoming aware of information needs and evaluating the organization's tools and services. A data analyst, for example, may notice limited data access impeding their work. Similarly, an executive may perceive \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**TMIM Process Component** & **ICX Dimension** & **Related Factors** \\ \hline Interpretation & Personal & Access, Exposure, Power Distance, Sociability, Dominance, Stress, Resistance Behavior, Self-Sufficiency \\ \cline{2-3}  & Social & Communication, Hierarchical Communication, Quality of Working Life, Friendship Opportunities, Experience Level \\ \hline Evaluation & Organizational & Accuracy, Completeness, Opportunity, Technology Reconfigurability, Customization, Usage Policies, Equipment, Task Standards, Authority Rules, Hierarchical Level, Responsibility, Culture \\ \hline Decision & Organizational & Task Standards, Usage Policies, Authority Rules, Hierarchical Level, Equipment Policies, Customization \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Relationship between ICX Dimensions (from [3]) and TMIM process components (from [18]). Figure 3: The ICX dynamics conceptual diagram illustrates the hierarchical relationships between individual, social, and organizational dimensions. Individual interactions with systems produce cognitive and behavioral responses, which aggregate through collaboration. Social behaviors are formalized into organizational policies and decision-making structures, creating feedback loops across levels. communication barriers across hierarchies. Anxiety may stem from resistance to change or power imbalances. Traits like sociability and dominance also shape the perceptions and awareness of information discrepancies. In the Evaluation Phase, individuals assess the quality and usability of available information and their ability to act on it [56]. In ICX, this includes evaluating the accuracy and completeness of tools like reporting systems [58], or expectations for reconfigurability and customization [59]. For instance, HR professionals may evaluate a communication system based on its contribution to working life quality or relational dynamics. Experience level also plays a role: experienced employees may hold higher expectations and better assess system performance [60; 61]. The Decision Phase concerns behavioral outcomes based on prior evaluations. In ICX, employees decide whether and how to use information systems. Their choices depend on perceived system value and organizational constraints. For example, employees may adopt a visualization tool if it aligns with task standards and usage policies [62], or adhere to authority and hierarchy protocols when integrating new reporting processes [10].