## 1 Introduction  
In China, Hebei Province and Guangdong Province have many pollution-intensive industries; yet Hebei suffers more serious atmospheric or environmental pollution than Guangdong. Why? Environmental pollution is not only related to the emission of pollutants, but is also affected by the self-purification capacity of the environment. In terms of the same pollution source, the degree of environmental pollution degree varies in regions with as their different environmental self-purification capacities are different. This paper mainly examines the impact of atmospheric self-purification capacity on environmental pollutants. When the value of the atmospheric self-purification capacity remains high, it means that the atmosphere has a strong capacity to remove pollutants; otherwise, it means that the atmosphere has a weak capacity to remove pollutants. However, atmospheric self-purification capacity is limited. When the harmful substances that enter the atmospheric environment exceed its self-purification capacity, environmental pollution occurs. This paper attempts to answer these questions. Can the current atmospheric self-purification capacity effectively reduce environmental pollution? Given the spatial spillover effect of environmental pollution, is there a spatial correlation between atmospheric self-purificationcapacity and the governance of environmental pollution in local and neighboring regions? Considering the differences in economic development, urbanization process, population density, and industrial structure among various regions, under what conditions can atmospheric self-purification capacity play a better role in the governance of environmental pollution? Today, China vigorously fosters high-quality development. It is of practical and theoretical significance to research the impacts of atmospheric self-purification capacity on environmental pollution. Atmospheric self-purification capacity signifies the capacity to purify environmental pollutants with physical and chemical actions. The concentration and toxicity of pollutants naturally dilute, drop, and disappear, so that environmental elements return to their originally clean state. The movement of the atmosphere per se can remove pollutants in the atmosphere. For instance, similar to the purification capacity of water, Examples are the diffusion and dilution of strong wind caused by the transit of cold air and wet removal of atmospheric pollutants by precipitation (similar to the purification capacity of water). Atmospheric self-purification capacity is defined as the capacities of diffusion, dilution, and wet removal of pollutants in the atmosphere owing to the movement of the atmosphere per se ([PERSON] et al., 2018) [1]. The pollutants that enter the atmosphere can be diffused and diluted to a wide space via physical and chemical actions, substantially reducing their concentration. Owing to the action of gravity and the washing of rain, heavier particulate matters fall on the ground. The pollutants can also decompose under the irradiation of light and the participation of other physical and chemical actions, which purifies the air and reduces atmospheric-pollution concentration. [PERSON] et al. (2005) [2] and [PERSON] et al. (2003) [3] reveal that low wind speed and weak turbulence make pollutants easily accumulate around the emission source. [PERSON] et al. (2004) [4] confirm that air pollution in New York mostly occurs in the southwest-wind environment with high humidity, high temperature, and low wind speed. [PERSON] et al. (2020) analyze and conclude that atmospheric relative humidity forms a positive correlation with PM2.5 in Changzhou, China, that precipitation has a removal effect on PM2.5, and that wind speed forms a negative correlation with PM2.5 concentration [5]. Theoretically speaking, when the quantity of pollutant emission is determined, atmospheric self-purification capacity represents the capacity of the atmosphere to contain pollutants.