# Reality-Virtuality Technologies in the Field of Materials Science and Engineering
## 3 Results
### Features of the Applications and Description
* Work 33: Effects of Time in Virtual Reality Learning Environments Linked with Materials Science and Engineering [64]  
[PERSON] et al. reported a paper that describes the methodology for creating learning environments based on immersive and non-immersive VR, the purpose of which is to facilitate the teaching of materials testing and crystallography concepts. This work focuses on analyzing the design process of educational platforms and their obsolescence with their educational effectiveness. * Work 34: _How Can Instructors Strengthen Students' Motivation to Learn Complex 3D Concepts in an Engineering Classroom?_[65]  
[PERSON] et al. described a work that investigated the influence of VR on the motivation in students during a class in which they are taught concepts related to excitons. During this class, students viewed 3D animations through the YouTube app in \"VR mode\" running on smartphones coupled with low-cost HMDs (Google Cardboard). In this way, the students could visualize the animated 3D models from different angles simply by moving their heads. * Work 35: _Imparting Materials Science Knowledge in the Field of the Crystal Structure of Metals in Times of Online Teaching: A Novel Online Laboratory Teaching Concept with an Augmented Reality Application_[66]  
[PERSON] et al. described an AR-based application usable on smartphones, which aims to facilitate the understanding of crystallographic networks. This app visualizes crystallographic networks (created by the user or the app developers) from different angles, as well as explores interatomic distances or defects. * Work 36: _Implementing Interactive 3-D Models in an Entry Level Engineering Course to Enhance Students' Visualization_[67]  
[PERSON] and [PERSON] proposed a methodology to visualize 3D objects that allow understanding concepts related to the mechanics of materials. This methodology is based on using the Sketchfab platform so that teachers can upload three-dimensional models and students can view them through the app associated with the said platform using non-immersive VR or AR. * Work 37: _The Technological Obsolescence of Virtual Reality Learning Environments_[29]  
[PERSON] et al. presented two applications aimed at improving the understanding of ternary phase diagrams [22,74], on the one hand, and Bravais networks [23,75] on the other. The first application allows the user to view a 3D ternary phase diagram and explore each of the component phases. The second application allows the user to explore a three-dimensional model of each of the Bravais networks. * Work 38: _Toward \"on-Demand\" Materials Synthesis and Scientific Discovery Through Intelligent Robots_[68]  
[PERSON] et al. reported a robotics intelligent system for on-demand materials synthesis. This system has a real laboratory in which the synthesis of different materials requested by a remote user can be carried out. An immersive VR environment recreates the real laboratory so that a user can remotely interact with the said virtual environment so that operations can be carried out in the real laboratory. * Work 39: _Virtual and Augmented Reality for Teaching Materials Science: A Students as Partners and as Producers Project_[69]  
[PERSON] et al. reported two applications based on immersive VR and AR, respectively. The first application allows a virtual Rockwell hardness test to be carried out on three different alloyed metal samples. The second application allows for checking the optical transmittance of a virtual sample of a polymethyl methacrylate, using QR codes and Epson AR glasses. * Work 40: _Virtual Reality and Its Role in Improving Student Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Attitude in the Materials Testing Laboratory_[70]  
[PERSON] et al. presented two applications whose purpose is to facilitate the learning of tensile tests. The first application uses immersive VR to simulate performing a tensile test in a 3D virtual laboratory. The second application uses AR coupled with Holo Lens goggles to give instructions to students as they operate a real testing machine.