## 4 Concluding Remarks
NaOH + DMPO + Cu-Phen-simulation results, Table S19. NaOH + HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2-simulation results, Table S20. NaOH + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2-simulation results, Table S21. NaOH + DMSO + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2-simulation results, Table S22. NaOH + HCOOO + + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2-simulation results, Figure S6. X-band EPR spectra of DMPO + Cu-Phen and HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen-the simulation revealed the presence of four radical species with HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen: DMPO-OH, aN = 14.843 G, aH = 15.428 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.644 G, aH = 23.244 G; triplet, aN = 14.593 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.683 G, aH = 19.293 G-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, b = DMPO-R, b = triplet, b = DMPO-COO-, Figure S7. X-band EPR spectra of DMPO + Cu-Phen and HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen after heating--the simulation revealed the presence of four radical species with HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen: DMPO-OH, aN = 17.476 G, aH = 15.428 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.644 G, aH = 23.342 G; triplet, aN = 14.788 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.781 G, aH = 19.0 G-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, b = DMPO-R, b = triplet, b = DMPO-COO-, Figure S8. X-band EPR spectra of DMPO + H2O2 at ambient temperature and after heating. The simulation revealed the presence of three radical species after heating: DMPO-OH, aN = 14.756 G, aH = 15.391 G; DMPO-R, aN = 14.813 G, aH = 21.535 G; triplet, aN = 14.842 G-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, b = DMPO-R, b = triplet aN = 14.902 G, aH = 15.233 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.64 G, aH = 23.266 G; triplet, aN = 14.593 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.749 G, aH = 19.098 G-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, \(|\) = DMPO-R, \(|\) = triplet, \(|\) = DMPO-COO-, Figure S10. X-band EPR spectra of HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2 at ambient temperature at t = 0 and t = 10 min and after heating--the simulations revealed the presence of four radical species. At t = 10 min: DMPO-OH, aN = 15.049 G, aH = 14.976 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.651 G, aH = 23.872 G; triplet, aN = 14.463 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.781 G, aH = 19.098 G [26], [32]. After heating: DMPO-OH, aN = 15.0 G, aH = 15.074G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.602 G, aH = 23.607 G; triplet, aN = 14.512 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.781 G, aH = 19.049 G-Assignments: \(|\) = DMPO-COO-, Figure S11. X-band EPR spectra of NaOH + DMPO and NaOH + DMPO + Phen-Assignments: + = triplet, Figure S12. X-band EPR spectra of NaOH + DMPO + CuSO4 and NaOH + DMPO + Cu-Phen--the simulations revealed the presence of four radical species in both solutions. With CuSO4: DMPO-OH, aN = 15.195 G, aH = 15.294 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.741 G, aH = 23.488 G; triplet, aN = 14.549 G; other, aH = 17.975 G (2 H, uncertain). With Cu-Phen: DMPO-OH, aN = 15.234 G, aH = 15.623 G; DMPO-R, aN = 15.742 G, aH = 23.83 G; triplet, aN = 14.398 G; other, aN = 14.999 G, aH = 21.246 G-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, \(|\) = DMPO-R, \(+\) = triplet, Figure S13. X-band EPR spectra of NaOH + HCOO- + DMPO + Cu-Phen at t = 0, t = 5 min and t = 8 min--the simulations revealed the presence of two radical species: DMPO-R, aN = 15.595 G, aH = 22.756 G; DMPO-COO-, aN = 15.805 G, aH = 19.00 G, Figure S14. X-band EPR spectra at 100 K of (a) NaOH + Cu-Phen with and without DMPO-[Cu] = 0.15 mM, [DMPO] = 60 mM, and (b) NaOH + CuSO4 with and without DMPO-[DMPO] = 60 mM. The addition of DMPO at the same concentration as Cu-Phen (0.15 mM) did not seem to modify the structure of Cu(II) (not shown), Figure S15. X-band EPR spectra of NaOH + DMPO + Cu-Phen + H2O2 at t = 0 and at t = 5 min-Assignments: o = DMPO-OH, Figure S16. X-band EPR spectra of NaOH + DMPO + CuSO4 and NaOH + DMPO + CuSO4 + H2O2, Table S23. EPR hyperfine coupling constants of the observed radical species: experimental and reference values (see [PERSON]'s spin adduct parameter tables [13]) for comparison, Table S24. Simulation results for the EPR spectra recorded at 100 K: EPR parameters given as g-values and A-values for each experimental spectrum, Figure S17. X-band EPR spectrum at 100 K of CuSO4 and corresponding simulated spectrum, Figure S18. X-band EPR spectrum at 100 K of DMPO + CuSO4 and corresponding simulated spectrum, Figure S19.