## 2 Ground Motion Parameters  
To understand how structures respond to dynamic loading such as earthquakes, it is crucial to perform dynamic analysis. A comprehensive documentation of the horizontal components of ground acceleration is necessary to accurately evaluate the impact of vibrations on structures and determine the system's dynamic response. In this work, five representative seismic events were adopted. The events were selected based on the intensity described by PGA and PGV and the duration of the intense phase of duration. The authors also took into consideration the value of the PGA/PGV parameter. Historical tremors such as El Centro and current ones concerning earthquakes in Turkey in 2023 were selected. A summary of the characteristics of the five earthquakes that were selected for analysis is provided in Table 1.  
The waveform of the horizontal components of the vibration accelerations from the districts of stations No. 2703 and No. 3134 for the Turkey-Syria, Sitka, L'Aquila, and El Centro earthquakes, along with [PERSON]'s graphs and the results of the FFT analysis of the records, are displayed in Figures 1-5. The Husid plot was used to calculate the strong motion duration for the horizontal components [22; 32]. The vibration records from Figures 1 and 2 reveal that the primary frequencies of the ground acceleration vibrations are consistently below 5 Hz. Furthermore, the maximum values of the horizontal components x and y (PGAx, PGAy) of the acceleration records in station No. 3134 were found to be higher than the corresponding components of the vibrations in station No. 2703--comp. This is shown in Figures 1 and 2, and Table 1. Station No. 2703 and 3134 are located on grounds A and B corresponding to Eurocode 8 [15], respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Parameter**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Direction**} & **Station** & **Station** & **Sitka** & **El Centro** & **LAquila** \\  & & **No. 2703** & **No. 3134** & **Sitka** & **El Centro** & **LAquila** \\ \hline Magnitude [-] & & 7.8 & 7.8 & 7.3–8.1 & 6.9 & 6.3 \\ \hline PGA & X & 1650.64 & 2039.09 & 765 & 2099.3 & 2677 \\ (mm/s\({}^{2}\)) & Y & 1566.34 & 2461.07 & 894 & 3423 & 3975 \\ \hline PGV & X & 165.29 & 396.42 & 74.2 & 487.9 & 109 \\ (mm/s) & Y & 130.67 & 391.53 & 67 & 380.9 & 318 \\ \hline PGA/PGV & X & 9.986 & 5.144 & 10.3 & 4.3 & 24.5 \\ (s\({}^{-1}\)) & Y & 11.987 & 6.286 & 13.3 & 9.0 & 12.5 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{t\({}^{*}\)(s)} & X & 52.68 & 44.56 & 28.88 & 24.42 & 7.4 \\  & Y & 52.16 & 44.83 & 27.1 & 24.54 & 8.1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{*}\)Duration of the intensive phase of acceleration.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Characteristics of the analyzed components of vibrations. On 30 July 1972, an earthquake occurred 48 km away from Sitka, Alaska, in the US. The earthquake had a magnitude of Mw between 7.3 and 8.1 [33]. Fortunately, there were no reported injuries or loss of life, and only minor damage was reported. However, light damage was observed in Hoonah, Juneau, Pelican, and Yakutat [34; 35]. The cause of the earthquake was linked to the existence of the Fairweather-Queen Charlotte fault, which resulted in several intense shakes from 1949 to 1972 [36; 37]. An example of the horizontal acceleration vibrations recorded in the x and y components is presented in Figure 3.  
Figure 4: Components of x (**a**) and y (**b**) for the El Centro earthquake. Figure 3: Components of x (**a**) and y (**b**) for Sitka earthquake. In 1940, a powerful earthquake struck the Imperial Valley in California, known as the El Centro earthquake. The earthquake had a magnitude of 6.9 and resulted in a maximum displacement of 4.5 m [38; 39]. According to the authors of [39], an event is defined as an occurrence of energy release that generates seismic phases, which can be resolved and identified. They stated that the size of those discrete events was abnormally strong compared to regular aftershocks. The earthquake caused extensive damage to irrigation systems and resulted in the death of nine people.