## 2 The Literature Review  
The literature review analyzed the articles based on their coverage of IoT (Internet of Things) applications, with an emphasis on remote sensing and its benefits, exploration of innovative frameworks and systems, advancements in real-time quality monitoring and predictive analysis, and a focus on specific aspects of defect detection, quality assurance, and fault diagnosis. The collective findings from these studies highlighted the growing interest in integrating IoT with remote sensing techniques in the textile industry and emphasized the potential for improved efficiency and quality control. However, the review also identified the need for further research to address challenges related to data integration, security, and scalability in implementing IoT and remote sensing systems in this industry. Several articles were identified that contributed to the state of the art in this field, and their analysis is mentioned in Figure 1. The literature review highlights gaps in comprehensive solutions for IoT implementation, particularly in Industry 4.0 initiatives, due to challenges like cybersecurity and interoperability in this sector. Existing research lacks practical frameworks addressing data security, data integration, device interconnection, timely decision-making, scalability, and deployment strategies effectively. The digital and sustainable transition in the textile industry through IoT technologies and remote sensing of physical parameters is a global trend, as evidenced by research in various countries. The textile industry in Pakistan, a key contributor to the nation's economy, is grappling with the imperative to transition towards more sustainable and digitalized practices [13]. The emergence of Industry 4.0 and the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies offer promising avenues to address the industry's environmental impact and operational inefficiencies [14]. A review of the existing literature reveals several critical challenges and opportunities in this domain [15]. The textile industry, though not considered energy-intensive, collectively consumes a significant amount of energy and water, and produces substantial pollution [13]. The integration of IoT technologies can further enhance the textile industry's sustainability and digital transformation. IoT and its associated smart manufacturing solutions can optimize resource utilization, streamline production processes, and enable real-time monitoring and control of environmental parameters [14]. As evidenced in the literature, policy interventions and a holistic approach to sustainable practices are crucial to driving the necessary changes within the Pakistani textile industry. Studies highlight the integration of IoT, RFID, and sensors in the textile supply chain to enhance sustainability, data-driven decision-making, and traceability [16]. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. introduce a wireless multi-point temperature sensor system for machine tools, enabling a robust estimation of thermal displacement [17]. By measuring temperatures at multiple points and utilizing Finite Element Analysis (FEA), this study achieves an accurate estimation of thermal errors and their impact on the volumetric error model. This research aligns with previous papers by emphasizing technological advancements and their relevance in optimizing machine tool performance within the framework of Industry 4.0. [PERSON] et al. 's study complements the use of IoT in textile manufacturing by investigating the effect of machining processes and fiber architectures on textile fiber-reinforced structural composites. By analyzing the machine's hole behavior, bearing strength, and failure mechanisms, it provides valuable insights for optimizing composite manufacturing through IoT-driven monitoring and control [18]. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. present a review article that examines the integration of textile technologies and sensor-based garments for continuous monitoring of physiological parameters [19].