## 3 Experiments and Results  
### Extraction of Landslide Disaster-Causing Factors  
The genesis of slope disasters is influenced by a complex array of factors, including topography and geomorphology, regional geological conditions, geological composition, hydrogeological regimes, climatic conditions, and anthropogenic engineering activities. However, it is important to recognize that the impact of these factors varies among different types of landslides. When selecting the factors that contribute to landslides, it is crucial to consider the specific context of the study area, conduct a focused analysis, and identify the most influential factors. The choice of these causative factors is critical, as it significantly impacts the outcomes of the susceptibility assessment. In this study, we have extracted a comprehensive set of factors, including stratigraphy, fault-influence distance, surface slope, slope aspect, elevation, terrain undulation, direction of terrain undulation, planar curvature, profile curvature, mean curvature, relative elevation, surface roughness, land use types, water system-influence distance, catchment accumulation, and the NDVI. These seventeen factors have been carefully considered as part of the analysis. For instance, we have taken into account the volume, NDVI values, annual rainfall per square meter, and the influence of roads, among other indicators, for evaluation. By employing the DNN-I-SVM and DNN-I-LR coupled models, we have assessed the vulnerability of the study area. The evaluation results will be instrumental in informing subsequent disaster prevention strategies and measures.  
Moxi Town is nestled within the confines of Kangding County, and the study area is situated within a relatively constrained geographical zone. The region features a singular stratigraphic outcrop, which is exclusively attributed to the Quaternary period. Consequently, the stratigraphic layering cannot be considered as a contributing factor in the analysis of landslide geobazards for this area. To create the geological formation-distance factor map, we utilized the fault buffer feature in the advanced ArcGIS software mapping tools, resulting in a detailed representation, as depicted in Figure 3a.  
The factor maps for slope gradient (b), elevation (c), slope aspect (d), and surface roughness (e) were systematically extracted and integrated with a suite of additional maps to provide a comprehensive analysis. These include maps of topographic relief (f), relative elevation (g), slope curvature (h), (i) and (j), influence distance of water systems (k), flow direction (l), catchment accumulation (m), rainfall (n), vegetation cover (o), influence distance of roads (p), and land use types (q). These layers were combined within the ArcGIS environment to delineate potential landslide sites, as illustrated in the subsequent figures.  
Figure 3: _Cont._  
Figure 3: Disaster-causing factor map of the research area. (**a**) Fault buffer-zone distance; (**b**) slope-gradient factor map; (**c**) elevation distribution; (**d**) slope aspect distribution; (**e**) surface roughness; (**f**) terrain undulation degree; (**g**) relative elevation; (**h**) planar curvature; (**i**) profile curvature; (**j**) mean curvature; (**k**) water system-influence distance; (**l**) flow direction distribution; (**m**) catchment-accumulation distribution map of the study area; (**n**) annual rainfall distribution map of the study area; (**o**) NDVI factor; (**p**) road-influence distance; (**q**) land use type.