## 5 Discussion  
This paper proposed and tested a conceptual model on the relationship between the constituents of digital citizenship and digital transformation enablers, as well as examined the influence of digital transformation enablers on innovation and problem-solving capabilities. The indirect relationship between digital citizenship and innovation, as well as with problem-solving capabilities, through digital transformation enablers is included in the model. The results of the study indicated that a one-point increase in information and data literacy, responsibility, and collaboration would increase digital transformation enablers based on technology by 0.318, 0.242, and 0.284 points, respectively. These results also lead to the conclusion that among all the constituents of digital citizenship included in the study, facet information and data literacy contribute the most to digital transformation enablers. Two facets of digital citizenship, namely information and security management and digital piracy, meet the necessary verification criteria obtained through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and measurement assessment (convergent validity, VIF, composite reliability, \(\alpha\), AVE), but their direct relationship with digital transformation enablers was not confirmed, nor was there an indirect connection with innovation and problem-solving capabilities. A very strong relationship between digital transformation enablers and innovation was confirmed, as well as an association between digital transformation enablers and problem-solving capabilities. In fact, a one-point increase in digital transformation enablers would increase innovation and problem-solving capabilities by 0.463, and 0.483, respectively. The obtained results of the study have a significant theoretical and practical contribution. Despite the unexpected absence of a statistically significant relationship between information security management and digital piracy on the one hand, and digital transformation enablers on the other hand, this result has extremely significant practical implications. The results of our study contribute to the extension of digital transformation theory in a number of ways. First, our study confirmed that digital citizenship comprises different behavioral domains [23; 27]. Information and data literacy, information security management, digital piracy, and responsibility have been identified and verified as elements of digital citizenship. Second, our study showed that digital citizenship has an active role in digital transformation through the strengthening of digital transformation enablers based on technology and the transformation of business models through innovation [29]. Third, the strong relationship between technological facets of digital transformation enablers and innovation [15; 20] and problem-solving capabilities [30] were confirmed by our research. This is in line with previous research that identified technology as an enabler of digital transformation [51]. Fourth, our study indirectly confirms the postulates of STS theory by emphasizing the importance of digital citizenship, as a social aspect of complex systems, and digital transformation enablers, based on technological developments for achieving positive effects of digital transformation, such as innovation and problem-solving capabilities. This was confirmed by previous research that revealed that enablers of digital transformation integrate technological factors and the social system [49]. Fifth, our study contributes to the body of literature on digital transformation in general, and particularly on digital citizenship, digital transformation enablers, innovation and problem-solving capabilities related to digital transformation requirements. The study has significant managerial implications. First, information and data literacy, responsibility, and collaboration can serve as incentives for digital transformation enablers based on technology and technological developments.