## 1 Introduction  
Gas detection is an indispensable component in a wide range of industries, including environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, human health, and process optimization [1]. In industrial scenarios [2], accurate identification and quantification of gas concentrations are critical to maintaining safe operating conditions. In the healthcare sector, gas detection techniques have found applications in non-invasive diagnostics. For instance, the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath can be utilized to detect and monitor a range of diseases [3, 4, 5]. In the domain of environmental monitoring, gas detection plays a crucial role in the continuous monitoring of air quality and the quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [6]. This capacity is imperative for evaluating pollutant levels, enforcing environmental regulations, and informing policy decisions aimed at mitigating the impact of anthropogenic activities on climate change. Consequently, measures are being implemented to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO\({}_{2}\)) [7]. Among these, the introduction of carbon-neutral fuels such as hydrogen or ammonia (NH\({}_{3}\)) has garnered significant attention [8, 9]. Ammonia (NH\({}_{3}\)) is a promising option for cleaner energy sources because it has the potential to be a fuel that does not produce CO\({}_{2}\)[8]. Nonetheless, it can also be very dangerous to people and the environment if it is not handled correctly. High concentrations can cause irritation to the eyes, skin and lungs. It can even cause death. It can also pollute the air and water [10]. Consequently, the generation of \"green ammonia\" becomes a possibility. Green ammonia is produced using renewable energy sources such as wind or solar power, through the electrolysis of water [11; 12]. This hydrogen is then combined with nitrogen from the air to produce NH\({}_{3}\). The accurate and efficient detection of NH\({}_{3}\) is crucial, and infrared absorption spectroscopy is a useful tool for this purpose [13]. In particular, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) allows for the accurate and rapid detection of gases, due to its ability to tune the laser to specific wavelengths. This makes it a valuable tool in industrial and environmental applications [14; 15]. However, its effectiveness can be affected by optical or environmental interference, and it requires constant calibration and maintenance. Alternatively, indirect detection techniques, such as photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), have emerged as a viable alternative [16; 17]. A key strength of photoacoustic spectroscopy lies in its high sensitivity and accuracy in detecting extremely low concentrations, as it directly measures the thermal energy released by light absorption through the generation of acoustic waves [18]. This capability ensures its applicability in complex environments where other techniques might fail due to optical interferences. Furthermore, photoacoustic spectroscopy demonstrates high sensitivity in high-pressure, high-temperature environments and under normal environmental conditions [19; 20; 21]. The classical PAS configuration utilizes resonant cells to enhance detection, particularly cylindrical cells. Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) is a highly sensitive detection method for trace gases, even in difficult environmental conditions, reaching levels in the order of parts per billion [22; 23; 24]. It uses a quartz resonator to detect acoustic signals generated by light absorption. Another technique that enhances the averaging element is cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (CEPAS), which uses a thin cantilever as a sensor that responds mechanically to light absorption [25; 26]. Furthermore, optical microphones based on interferometry enable the precise measurement of changes in the cantilever [19].