## 4 Discussion  
This study revealed that adults of the two Coleopteran species consumed in Togo (_O. monoceros_ and _R. phoneicis_) are not just a traditional dish but are also a rich source of essential nutrients (e.g., results presented in Tables 2-5). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Heavy Metals**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Average Heavy Metals Content (\(\pm\)SD) ***} \\ \cline{2-3}  & _O. monoceros_ & _R. phoneicis_ \\ \hline Cadmium & \textless{}0.0005 & \textless{}0.0005 \\ Mercury & \textless{}0.0005 & \textless{}0.0005 \\ Lead & \textless{}0.01 & \textless{}0.01 \\ Arsenic & 0.0364 \(\pm\) 0.00 a & 0.0073 \(\pm\) 0.00 a \\ Nickel & 0.0209 \(\pm\) 0.00 a & 0.0767 \(\pm\) 0.00 b \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Means followed by different letters in the same line are significantly different (ANOVA-1 comparison tests, _p_\(<\) 0.05).  
\end{table} 
Table 6: Heavy metals content (mg/kg) of _O. monoceros_ and _R. phoneicis_. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Fatty Acids**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Percentage of Fatty Acids (\(\pm\)SD)**} \\ \cline{2-3}  & _O. monoceros_ & _R. phoneicis_ \\ \hline Lauric acid (C12: 0) & 0.64 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 0.58 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ Myristic acid (C14:0) & Not detected & 0.96 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\ Palmitic acid (C16:0) & 39.95 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 30.35 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ Stearic acid (C18:0) & 10.21 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 9.16 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ Oleic acid (C18:1 c(n-9) & 40.84 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 47.06 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\ Linoleic acid (C18:2 c(n-6)) & 4.49 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 5.07 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ \(\alpha\)-Linoleic acid (C18:2 c(n-3)) & 5.07 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 6.35 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Means followed by different letters in the same line are significantly different (ANOVA-1 comparison tests, _p_\(<\) 0.05).  
\end{table} 
Table 4: Fatty acid composition of lipids (% of all fatty acids) of _O. monoceros_ and _R. phoneicis_. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Vitamins**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Average Vitamin Content (\(\pm\)SD) ***} \\ \cline{2-3}  & **O. monoceros** & **R. phoneicis** \\ \hline Retinol (A) & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.00 a & 0.01 \(\pm\) 0.00 b \\ \hline Thiamine (B1) & 1.35 \(\pm\) 0.20 a & 0.96 \(\pm\) 0.11 a \\ \hline Riboflavin (B2) & 2.25 \(\pm\) 0.19 a & 2.33 \(\pm\) 0.33 a \\ \hline Niacin (B3) & 8.18 \(\pm\) 0.23 a & 7.44 \(\pm\) 0.3 b \\ \hline Tocopherol (E) & 3.43 \(\pm\) 0.04 a & 4.77 \(\pm\) 0.01 b \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Means followed by different letters in the same line are significantly different (ANOVA-1 comparison tests, _p_\(<\) 0.05).  
\end{table} 
Table 5: Vitamin contents (mg/100g dry weight) of insects. The results of this study show that adults of both species have very low moisture contents compared with conventional meat and fish commonly consumed in West Africa. The average moisture content of these meats and fish varies from 65 to 75% [29]. These contents are also very low compared with those of the larvae of these species, which average 64% [31]. On the other hand, the moisture content of the two species studied corroborates the results of certain studies carried out on adult Orthoptera, Coleoptera, and Isoptera consumed in Togo [32,33] and Nigeria [34,35]. The moisture content of the insects studied is low, which is advantageous for their preservation because moisture is a constituent related to difficulties encountered in food preservation [36]. The protein content of _R. phoenicis_ adults (45.89 \(\pm\) 0.28%) was significantly higher than that of _O. monoceros_ (44.32 \(\pm\) 0.83%). The protein percentages of _O. monoceros_ and _R.