## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Evaluation of the In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of BACs  
#### 3.1.1 Disc Diffusion Assay  
The results presented in Table 1 demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of each of the BACs from applying the filter paper disc method. The antibacterial activity of several BACs, namely AITC, thymol, eugenol, limonene, (\(-\))-\(\alpha\)-Bisabolol, \(\beta\)-citronell, cumialdehyde, geraniol, and synthetic compound (BHT), was evaluated. The result indicated that AITC had the broadest spectrum of antibacterial activity against the investigated bacteria, followed by thymol, eugenol, cuminaldehyde, geraniol, \(\beta\)-citronellol, and limonene. After 24 h of incubation, AITC, thymol, cuminaldehyde, eugenol, \(\beta\)-citronellol, and geraniol all showed an inhibition zone against the investigated strains. Additionally, AITC completely inhibited the growth of _P. lundensis_, _St. aureus_, and _S._ Typhimurium. In contrast, limonene, (\(-\))-\(\alpha\)-Bisabolol, and BHT had a minimal effect on the growth of studied bacteria, showing no inhibition against _L. monocytogenes_. Furthermore, BHT exhibited a zone of inhibition of less than 1.09 \(\pm\) 0.51 mm against _P. lundensis_, _St. aureus_, and _S._ Typhimurium.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Bacterial Strains**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Storage Time (b)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Through**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Engend**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Liminence**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cuninaldehyde**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**AITC**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**\(\beta\)-Chiverolololololololumn{1}{c}{**G**-**S**-**C**-**S**-**C**-**S**-**S  
In a study by [PERSON] et al. [50] the antimicrobial efficacy of specific BACs was evaluated against four G-veB bacteria (_E. coli_, _E. coli_ 0157:H7, _S._ Typhimurium, and _Vibrio vulnificus_) and one G+veB bacterium (_L. monocytogenes_). Using the disc diffusion method, they ranked the effectiveness of BACs against _E. coli_ as follows: citronellal > perillaldehyde > citral > geraniol > linalool > eugenol > terpineol > carvacrol and against _S._ Typhimurium as citronellal > citral > geraniol > perillaldehyde > linalool > eugenol > terpineol > carvacrol. Their finding was not in agreement with ours. They also found that geraniol, perillaldehyde, and citral (500 ug/mL) effectively eliminated _E. coli_, _E. coli_ 0157:H7, and _S._ Typhimurium, while citronellal (250 ug/mL) showed only minimal effect against _Vibrio vulnificus_ and limonene exhibited negligible activity. [PERSON] et al. [34] conducted an in vitro test of liquid AITC against G+veB bacterium (_L. monocytogenes_) and G-veB bacteria (_Salmonella_ Montevideo and _E. coli_ O157:H7). Their results indicate that _Salmonella_ Montevideo and _E. coli_ O157:H7 were more sensitive to AITC than _L. monocytogenes_. In their study, they found that concentration of 500 ug/mL (approximately 0.5 uL/mL) was needed to achieve a 3 to 4 log reduction in _E. coli_ O157:H7 and _Salmonella_ Montevideo; however, a higher concentration of 2500 ug/mL of AITC was required for _L. monocytogenes_. AITC can cause damage to the cell membrane of _E. coli_ and _Salmonella_ Montevideo. Although it did not result in cell lysis, it causes the leakage of cellular metabolites. These bacteria are more susceptible to AITC during the early and late exponential growth stages as compared to the lag and stationary phases. Additionally, a strong antimicrobial activity of thymol and eugenol against _B. cereus_, _S._ Typhimurium, _E. coli_, and _St. aureus_ was reported by [PERSON] et al. [51]. Meanwhile, _m_-Cymene, _trans_-Geraniol, terpineol, (\(\pm\))-citronellal, and (+)-bornel were among the least effective compounds against the strains. _R_-(+)-limonene, (\(-\))-\(\alpha\)-Bisabolol, and eucalypt did not have any effect on the studied strains. In this study, the BACs AITC, thymol, and eugenol were identified as potent antimicrobials in inhibiting the growth of both G+veB and G-veB. Inhibition zones were observed against all strains studied.