## 3 Case Validation: Typhoon Haikui
### Impact Awareness
#### 3.2.2 Traffic Impact  
Through spatial visualization analysis of road closures mentioned in Weibo posts, the results are shown in Figure 12 that traffic control sections are primarily concentrated in Fuzhou's core administrative areas, including Gulou District, Taijiang District, Jin'an District, Cangshan District, Mawei District, and Crangle District. Further spatial statistical analysis revealed that 89.8% of the total traffic control sections are located in these core urban districts. This concentration suggests that the impact of the typhoon on roads is particularly significant in the city's core areas, likely due to higher traffic density, denser populations, and more complex infrastructure, making these areas more susceptible to disruption from severe weather.  
A quantitative analysis of Fuzhou's public transportation system during the typhoon revealed its vulnerability. By analyzing the suspension durations of bus routes and using the mode to determine the most common suspension duration, we performed a regional classification based on the geographical distribution of Fuzhou's county boundaries and created a map showing the distribution of bus suspension times. The results indicate that bus service suspension times within the central urban districts were relatively short, likely due to more robust infrastructure and faster deployment of emergency resources such as debris removal vehicles, repair teams, and emergency supplies, which are typically prioritized in central areas. Additionally, the heavy reliance on the bus system by central district residents made the restoration of bus services a top priority. In contrast, the bus suspension times in the peripheral counties around the central district generally lasted around 24 h. Notably, the suspension duration in Fuqing City was significantly higher than in other regions, peaking at 100 h, followed by Yongtai County with a suspension time of 58 h. Further analysis suggests that the prolonged suspension in Fuqing City was mainly due to persistent heavy rainfall in the area. These findings provide critical data support and decision-making references for managing public transportation and emergency responses during extreme weather events.  
Fuzhou's metro system experienced a city-wide service disruption from 6:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on 6 September. Apart from this specific period, the main disruptions to metro operations were caused by flooding, which led to the temporary closure of some metro station entrances. Specifically, from noon on 6 September, the section of Line 1 between  
Figure 12: Total traffic impact map.  
Chengmen and Sanjiangkou was suspended. After repairs and adjustments, this section resumed service at 6:30 a.m. on 8 September, restoring operations between Xiangfeng and Sanjiangkou. This suspended section is located in Cangshan District, which recorded the highest rainfall on 6 September, suggesting a direct correlation between rainfall and metro operation disruptions. Additionally, the temporarily closed metro station entrances showed significant spatial overlap with areas of severe flooding.  
Furthermore, landslide disasters were mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas surrounding the central urban districts and along nearby roads. The majority of landslide points were located near major traffic routes, leading to traffic interruptions and frequent occurrences of washed-out roadbeds and culverts. These events severely impacted road capacity and posed significant threats to traffic safety in the affected areas.