found that compared with landfill and material recovery, incinerating directly led to the highest GHG emissions because of diesel consumption of facilities and equipment, but it would have a significant reduction in GHG emissions when considering recycling of materials [11]. MSW landfills are amongst the largest human-related sources of methane emissions [21], so there are many studies on GHG emissions from landfill of MSW. [PERSON] et al. studied the CH\({}_{4}\) emissions from landfill sites between 2003 and 2013 in China, and they further compared the emissions from different regions. The results showed that CH\({}_{4}\) emissions increased by 62.9% in the 10 years, and the growth was higher in the north and west than in the south and east [22]. [PERSON] et al. estimated the GHG emissions from landfill sites in Africa, and found that it accounted for 8.1% of the total African GHG emissions, and they also emphasized the importance of avoiding direct landfill of degradable organic carbon from the waste for emission reduction [23]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] analyzed and compared the GHG emissions under three landfill scenarios by combining the processes of transportation, recycling, composting, and landfill gas recycling [24]. [PERSON] et al. showed that kitchen waste is the key category affecting the GHG emissions from landfill, and kitchen waste separation and improvement of the incineration percentage of mixed waste can reduce GHG emissions from landfill [10]. MSW landfills emit large amounts of methane, which means that efficient methane recovery is an effective method of the reduction of GHG emissions. [PERSON] et al. estimated the GHG emissions from landfill sites in Delhi, India, and they pointed out that effective CH\({}_{4}\) recycling is a sustainable waste management scheme [25]. Besides, Carbon dioxide capture and recycling methods such as the production of biobased products through microalgae can be used as effective means of reducing GHG emissions [26; 27]. Incineration is a type of treatment technology that can convert the energy in waste into electricity with GHG emissions and efficiently reduce the volume of waste [28], which is a primary way in some countries such as Japan and still remains a secondary option in countries such as China because of economic and technical reasons but is gradually spreading [29]. However, incineration releases pollutants such as fly ash and chemical gases, causing negative impact on environment. And the treatment technologies for the pollutants were drawn special attention. [PERSON] et al. discussed the degradation technologies for dioxins in MSW incineration fly ash [30]. [PERSON] et al. researched the application of adsorbents derived from coal fly ash in removing aqueous and gaseous pollutants [31]. [PERSON] et al. presented one technology to catalyze the oxidation of calcium bisulfite as the key step in the flue gas desulfurization process [32]. And [PERSON] et al. introduced a mercury adsorption technology [33]. Moreover, the impact of incineration on GHG emissions was also considered. [PERSON] et al. analyzed that either incineration with energy recovery or landfill with landfill gas utilization is more effective under different climatic conditions in China in terms of GHG emission reduction [34; 35]. [PERSON] et al. found that refuse-derived fuel production and incineration can have a more positive environmental impact including global warming potential, acidification potential, and eutrophication potential than the co-incineration of MSW with coal in Hangzhou, China [36]. Waste separation and recycling are considered to be important activities that affect GHG emissions from MSW. [PERSON] studied the impact of electricity generation from waste incineration on reduction of GHG emissions in Taiwan, China, and indicated that recycling of paper, metal, and food waste is conducive to the reduction of GHG emissions [37].