## 3 UAV Platform for Multi-Sensor Photogrammetry Aerial Mapping
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Technology/Method**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Advantages**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Disadvantages**} \\ \hline
**UAV** & & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Affondable & \(\bullet\) & Limited battery capacity \\  & \(\bullet\) & Fast (or no) preparation & \(\bullet\) & Depends on weather conditions \\  & \(\bullet\) & Ease of use & \(\bullet\) & Legal restrictions related to drone flight \\  & \(\bullet\) & Immediate results & \(\bullet\) & Limited amount of damage which can be detected \\  & \(\bullet\) & Nondestructive & \(\bullet\) & Constant improvement of technology \\  & \(\bullet\) & Safety–remote control of the vehicle & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Available inspection of literally any place of & & \\  & & the building & & \\ \hline
**LiDAR** & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\ \hline
**Infrared thermography** & & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Rapid evaluation of big areas & \(\bullet\) & High skilled and educated working force needed \\  & \(\bullet\) & NDT method & \(\bullet\) & Affected by moisture content, texture, or reflections \\  & \(\bullet\) & Real-time measurements & \(\bullet\) & which can lead to inaccurate measurements \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\  & & & & \\ \hline
**Photogrammetry** & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Nondestructive method & \(\bullet\) & Not possible without the presence of light (during \\  & \(\bullet\) & Cheap, simple, and fast data collection process & the day) & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Very precise & \(\bullet\) & Depends on the weather conditions \\  & \(\bullet\) & It is possible to measure displacements and & \(\bullet\) & Vegetation can create problems when taking photos \\  & & deformations of structures without contact & \(\bullet\) & Large data sets \\  & \(\bullet\) & High-resolution photorealistic 3D & \(\bullet\) & Complex preprocessing \\  & \(\bullet\) & building models & \(\bullet\) & Required postprocessing to get 3D data \\  & \(\bullet\) & High-resolution textures & & \\  & & Better for smaller building cracks detection & & \\  & compared to LiDAR & & & \\ \hline
**360 cameras** & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Fast and efficient technology & \(\bullet\) & If the distances at which the photos were taken are \\  & \(\bullet\) & Can be mounted on vehicles that are then & large or the vehicle is moving to fast, there may be a \\  & \(\bullet\) & passed through the area affected by & \(\bullet\) & Problem connecting the images \\  & \(\bullet\) & The earthquake. & \(\bullet\) & Vegetation and certain objects can create problems \\  & \(\bullet\) & Possible to create an online platform (such as & when taking photos \\  & \(\bullet\) & Google Street View) where earthquake damage & \(\bullet\) & Inability to detect root damage \\  & \(\bullet\) & can be identified and documented & \(\bullet\) & Unprofitable for detecting small building cracks \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Basic advantages and disadvantages of new technologies for the rapid assessment of the vulnerability of structures. and seismic vulnerability of existing structures, the systems are equipped with sensors that measure the obstacle distance and therefore enable flights at a close distance to buildings (e.g., microradar and/or LiDAR). Furthermore, these systems are the foundation for fast and accurate collection of large amounts of spatial data for building damage detection and mapping. In Figure 1, one scenario of the post-earthquake assessment with a UAV is shown. An engineer cannot see what happened to a building at higher floors or roof of a structure when doing on-site assessment from the street. Very often, the main problems (especially for moderate intensity earthquakes) are chimneys, damaged roof structures, damaged gable walls, etc. With a UAV device, all of the mentioned information can be easily assessed. Figure 1: _Cont._