# Immersive Virtual-Reality System for Aircraft Maintenance Education: A Case Study
## 3 Materials and Methods
### Design Process
This fact not only motivates the user to progress until all the objectives are successfully achieved but also encourages repeatability of the missions, improving their professional skills. * **Empowerment of Creativity and Feedback**: This Core Drive refers to the users' impulse to find different combinations of solving the proposed target and the feedback received lately. Although the problem to be performed has been previously established, the way it is solved can vary according to the user's own experience. It is given the possibility of moving freely around the scene and analyzing the different 3D models generated before performing the task. In order to promote engagement, the possibility of sharing the achievement on social networks is also offered (Figure 3). This provides an opportunity to receive feedback from the community suggesting new ways to explore the environment. * **Ownership and Possession**: The ownership feature is the one that is identified with the possession of goods or benefits of the user in the application. Some prizes were designed to accomplish this driver. They are a set of collectible miniatures of airplanes that are obtained by the user once per every task successfully performed (Figure 4). As the user overcomes different challenges, such as successfully completing the initial tutorial, a 3D model of a specific plane is unblocked, losing its initial red color, and it is offered on the table that contains the collection. Aircrafts representing missed or failed tasks are colored in red to motivate the user to repeat missions or perform new activities in order to obtain the complete collection. * **Social Influence and Relatedness**: Feeling accepted by a group is key to the motivation to carry out any activity, and that is characteristic of this axis. In the gameful experience, the user's interaction with the community is encouraged, allowing them to share the different achievements or unlocks that they carry out on social networks (Figure 3). This makes it possible to check the achievements of other users, comparing, commenting on, and valuing the different interactions carried out by them. * **Scarcity and Impatience**: This type of feature is traditionally used in games where scarcity (of resources or time) conditions the game. In the educational context, depriving the user of access to learning content is not considered an effective tool. However, there are two features of the virtual environment that cover this axis of the methodology. On the one hand, there is the \"Collection\" section (Figure 4), where the user will see the planes they have not yet achieved colored in red. On the other hand, to access the new missions, it is mandatory to have passed the first ones, which generates a delay and reduced availability of content until the user achieves the previous objectives. The use of these tools encourages users to advance in the tasks, thus enhancing their skills. * **Unpredictability and Curiosity**: Encouraging curiosity is a tool used in many games as a measure of attraction (and, in many cases, monetization): reward boxes or envelopes are some of the most commonly used examples. In this gameful experience, the possibility of collecting miniature aircraft is complemented by this feature. Each time the user successfully completes a mission, the aircraft provided to the user from the ones blocked is randomized (Figure 5), so if the user wants to obtain a different one, they could repeat the experience to try to obtain a different one. This technique is intended to encourage the re-playability of the scenarios, thus receiving more practice with the training content. * **Loss and Avoidance**: Although the loss of content is a tool used in motivation, it was not considered to be positive in the training context. However, covering this drive, the gameful experience includes a \"full\" mode (Figure 6) where the user must pass all the phases in a row without abandoning or failing any of the missions.