## 5 Conclusions  
This study establishes and verifies a zero-energy building planning methodology that considers the building's energy consumption and energy production, which are critical in the design process. Therefore, the effect of the S/V ratio of the same volume building on the energy consumption, the effect of solar panels installation on the energy production, and the final energy requirement were analyzed. The results are summarized as follows.  
(1) The planning methodology focused on a zero-energy building should minimize the energy consumption by applying passive technology and reduce the final energy demand by producing renewable energy. In addition to increasing the amount of energy consumption through passive design elements, energy production elements centered on solar energy source must be considered in the planning methodology.  
(2) An area that consumes a lot of heating and cooling energy has a high energy requirement, so any reduction in the energy requirement strongly affects the final energy requirement considering the energy production. In such an area, since the energy requirement is proportional to the envelope area, the energy-saving S/V ratio should be considered in the planning methodology of a zero-energy building.  
(3) In order to increase the building's solar energy production, a plan for the maximum application of new and renewable energy sources such as BIPV and rooftop solar power must be implemented. Also, the building's S/V ratio and orientation must be considered in a design process to reduce the final energy consumption through solar energy production.  
(4) Insulation is most important in the central region of Korea, and solar power installation in the southern region. Therefore, the process of planning a zero-energy building needs to integrate the energy consumption and production according to the building location.  
In the future, there are plans to study the effect of achieving zero energy buildings by applying various renewable energy sources and to evaluate them in terms of LCA (life cycle assessment) in order to optimize the design methodology.  
Figure 11: Final energy consumption and reduction rate according to region.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Contents**} & **Average of Energy** & **Average of Energy** & **Final Average of Energy** \\  & **Demand [k/h]** & **Generation [k/h]** & **Demand [k/h]** \\ \hline Seoul & 3,089,933,688 & 520,313,958 & 2,569,619,730 \\ Daejeon (Southern U-Value) & 3,502,698,245 & & 2,857,712,588 \\ Daejeon (Central U-Value) & 3,198,209,746 & & 2,553,224,089 \\ Busan & 2,684,092,649 & 631,502,370 & 2,052,590,279 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 15: Final energy consumption.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, S.L.; methodology, S.P.; software, S.L.; validation, S.P.; investigation, S.P.; data curation, S.L.; writing--original draft preparation, S.L.; writing--review and editing, S.P.; visualization, S.L.; supervision, S.P.; project administration, S.L.; funding acquisition, S.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the Sun Moon University Research Grant of 2019.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement** Not applicable.  
**Acknowledgments:** This work was supported by the Sun Moon University Research Grant of 2019.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.