# Oceania's 5G Multi-Tier Fixed Wireless Access Link's Long-Term Resilience and Feasibility Analysis
## 3 5G Base Coverage Network Layout
### 5G Radio Channel Signal Analysis at Sava City  
The shape of the building's wall or other structural elements has an impact on the electromagnetic waves that are propagating nearby or inside of it, making their propagation difficult. This results in a region where a strong enough electric field can be created and a portion where this is not possible. It is important to take wireless communication seriously in this situation. The distribution of the electric field strength around the building must first be understood to tackle this issue. Three different types of building materials, bricks, prefabricated housing, and passive structures that are employed in building engineering have a greater impact on electromagnetic wave propagation [59]. To investigate 5G transmission modes, including the various MIMO concepts, radio channel predictions in the time, frequency, and spatial domains are needed [60]. Using the MIMO antenna arrays on the Tx and Rx sides, beamforming, spatial multiplexing, or a mix of the two technologies will be carried out. The contribution of each ray to the field strength, as well as the times and angles at which they depart Tx and arrive at Rx, must all be considered. MATLAB 2023a, which has a broad frequency range of up to GHz or even higher, provides the simulation result for this radio channel. Figure 12 shows the location of the 5G radio channel signal strength analysis at the LOS base station of the 30 GHz band at Fiji National University, Samabula Campus, Suva City. The map displays which base station is more effective at reaching each covered area based on the receiver's location. The delay spread and angle spreads on the Tx and Rx sides have both been studied to evaluate 5G beamforming techniques. Figure 12: 5G line-of-sight base station in 30 GHz band at Fiji National University, Samabula Campus is listed as (**a**) 5G system line-of-sight Tx and Rx at Fiji National University, Samabula Campus; (**b**) 5G line-of-sight Rx antenna radiation pattern at Fiji National University, Samabula Campus; (**c**) 5G system Tx and Rx antenna signal strength prediction in free space with beamforming; (**d**) steering vector for Tx site updated base station radiation pattern for 5G systems. Beamforming, which enables the transmission of various signals to many mobile devices while utilizing the same frequency and time resources, uses massive MIMO antennas [61]. The outcome is a decrease in interference from other users and a boost in SNIR and Rx power levels for the dedicated user. Higher frequencies produce a large increase in path loss due to the characteristics of radiated waves. A 5G NR device operating at 28 GHz has a far-field distance of 42 m and a path loss of 73 dB, whereas the far-field region of a 4G LTE 15 cm device operating at 2 GHz begins at 30 m and has a path loss of 28 dB. Figure 13 shows an investigation of a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) 5G urban link for Suva City (latitude, \(-18.138916\), longitude \(178.426959\), antenna height 10 m, transmitter power 5 watts, transmitter frequency 75 GHz) using the shooting and bouncing rays tracing method with varying amounts of reflections, diffractions, and launched rays. The outcomes of the wave propagation analysis and radio coverage for Suva City's small-cell 5G transmitter are presented in Table 5[62]. The most users possible with the quickest data rates are supported by 5G wireless communication systems, which are designed to adhere to radiated power restrictions and operating budgets. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be raised to boost data rates. Additional consumers can be served by reusing channel resources.