# Towards the Evaluation of Augmented Reality in the Metaverse: Information Presentation Modes
## 5 Discussion  
The user evaluation of the proposed DSTE was useful for an initial answer to our research questions. We applied it in a pilot user study, where we looked for visual assets that convey the needed information without redundancy. The DSTE was useful for the research goals of that user study, as reported by the focus group and further confirmed by the results of the UEQ. Users judged the pragmatic qualities of efficiency, perspicuity, and dependability as \"good\". Additionally, the hedonic quality of novelty can be considered \"good\", while attractiveness and stimulation are \"excellent\". This result confirms what was reported by the experimenters, who observed that participants were focused and excited during the experiment, even though it lasted 50 min on average. This outcome was also achieved due to the intuitive interface and the fact that users conducted the experiments from home. These factors themselves reinforce the great potential offered by the emerging Metaverse concept. It turns out to effectively be a paradigm in which technologies and the contents of AR and VR are expanding and evolving into the virtual world, connecting people together regardless of their location. However, some improvements are needed to the DSTE regarding the dual-task exercise and error counting to allow users to perform the experiments autonomously, without invalidating the results. An alternative secondary task (e.g., a sound) or an automatic reminder could be evaluated in future works. The results about user satisfaction confirm the appropriateness of our choices regarding the proposed interaction with simulated LEGO bricks. Only the slider used to rotate the point of view needs to be reconsidered. Its lower satisfaction may be related to the rotation speed, but it can be easily reduced in the editing phase. Another possible reason is that changing the point of view with the slider requires a task performed by the hands, while in true AR, it can be obtained by normal head movement. All other interactions require a task performed by the hands both in the DSTE and in true AR. The better satisfaction with the \"disassembly\" interaction metaphor may be attributable to the fact that it is the easiest task, requiring pushing a button rather than detaching a LEGO brick, which may compromise the entire LEGO assembly due to unwanted movements. The results obtained regarding user experience and interaction metaphors allowed us to validate our DSTE as a framework to conduct experiments on information presentation  
Figure 8: Mean values of user satisfaction reported by participants for interaction with LEGO bricks in the DSTE and in true AR. The asterisks indicate statistically significant different conditions. in AR. Our proposal was implemented with Unity 3D. The interface could also have been realized with other simulation software, such as Blender and Maya. However, doing so would require integrating additional software to develop an application capable of ensuring the right metaphors for human-computer interaction or collecting data automatically. On the other hand, Unity 3D is standalone software for creating an application to conduct experiments remotely, especially for our framework. Moreover, if there is a need to move to true AR, developers can easily make a porting of the application considering that Unity 3D is seamlessly integrated with Vuforia Engine as an AR platform. In the presented DSTE, we decided to use assembly tasks based on LEGO Duplo bricks because they are an established method to minimize the effect of user experience and to generalize tasks [17, 18, 19]. The aim was to propose an assembly task (or a disassembly one in case of a wrongly placed brick) to reproduce behavior similar to true AR without worrying about additional factors unrelated to the experiment, such as optimizing tracking. Indeed, an alternative solution to reach this goal consists of distributing a mobile AR application to users on their smartphones/tablets [37].