Energy from renewable sources creates far lower emissions than conventional fossil fuels [10]. The term hybrid refers to the combination of two or more systems integrated for increasing the efficiency of the whole system. The use of renewable energy has attracted more and more attention globally [11]. The evolution toward solar air conditioning has emerged in recent years to alleviate energy consumption and environmental problems [12]. Solar energy is the green and free form of energy available to the world and can be utilized as an alternative to energy from conventional resources. In recent years, solar energy has become one of the research hotspots for building applications [13]. The solar photovoltaic using phase-change material for panel cooling decreases the panel temperature by 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C and increases the power output [14]. The average solar radiation received in Riyadh at coordinates 24.7\({}^{\circ}\) N and 46.6\({}^{\circ}\) E is around 5.8 kWh/m\({}^{2}\)/day [15]. Analysis shows that among many cities in the KSA, Riyadh receives the maximum solar radiation, whereas the minimum is at Yanbu (24.0\({}^{\circ}\) N and 38.19\({}^{\circ}\) E) [16]. During the summer months of May-August, Riyadh receives a high intensity of solar radiation: 7.15 kWh/m\({}^{2}\)/day to 7.87 kWh/m\({}^{2}\)/day [17]. The average daily global radiation varies from minimum values of 4493 Wh/m\({}^{2}\) at Tabuk (28.3\({}^{\circ}\) N and 36.5\({}^{\circ}\) E) to a maximum of 7014 Wh/m\({}^{2}\) at Bisha (19.9\({}^{\circ}\) N and 42.5\({}^{\circ}\) E) [18]. The demand for air conditioning is rapidly increasing due to the increase in the social lifestyle and increasing global warming [19]. Solar air conditioning is vital to reduce electricity consumption and CO\({}_{2}\) emission [20]. Complete evaluation and design methods to achieve the maximum benefits of solar air conditioning are crucial [21]. Although the performance of various solar hybrid cooling systems has been evaluated from various viewpoints such as energy, exergy, exergoenvironment, and economics, there is often conflict concerning the cost and efficiency of a solar air conditioning system [22]. A hybrid cooling system is a combined system of VCR and VAR. The experimental results of a hybrid cooling system using the evaporator of VAR to cool the condenser of the VCR system resulted in the increased exergy and energy efficiency of the conventional VCR system [23]. The number of conventional vapor compression refrigeration air conditioning systems is gradually increasing with 2 billion air conditioning units in operation globally, which contributes directly to greenhouse gases [24]. Analysis reveals that the coefficient of the performance of a solar-assisted cascade refrigeration system in series brings about 44.7% of savings in energy during peak load demands in the KSA [25]. Thermally driven solar cooling systems are considered sustainable because they have no moving parts and are driven by renewable energy sources [26]. The analysis of a hybrid system using LiBr-H\({}_{2}\)O in VAR and R74 in VCR results in a 28.6% and 26.9% increase in COP and exergetic efficiency, respectively, when compared to a conventional VCR system. With a payback period of 1.8 years, this is 17.8% less than for the conventional VCR system [27]. The experimental results lead to the conclusion that liquid desiccant (LiBr) is effective for high latent heat cooling loads with an inlet temperature of 24-32 \({}^{\circ}\)C and a concentration of 30-42% [28]. The investigation of a VCR-VAR configuration with LiBr-H\({}_{2}\)O as a working fluid in the VAR and R410A as a refrigerant in the VCR for a cooling load of 170 kW observed reductions of 50%, 76.8%, and 88.3% in the compressor power consumption respectively by using parallel, series, and combined configurations [27]. The performance of a 66.67 kW cascade VCR-VAR was evaluated, where R22, R407C, R410A, and R134A were the refrigerants in the VCR and LiBr/H\({}_{2}\)O/in the VAR.