## 1 Introduction  
Halophytes, that include more than 2500 species worldwide, are known to tolerate and grow in high salt concentration environments. Species belonging to the genus _Mesembryanthemum_, which are facultative haplotypes, have the ability to grow under saline stress conditions, but also without salt or at least in an environment where the salt concentration in the soil is quite low [1, 2]. Under stress conditions, haplotypes increase the production of secondary metabolites, such as polyphenic compounds (antioxidants, anti-inflammatory), to protect cell structures from oxidative effects [3; 4; 5]. These are produced in plant cells to prevent the accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) synthesized during environmental stress, which would otherwise be detrimental to tissues [5]. It has been shown that the growth of these plants in gradients of salt concentration, for example, plant zonation in salt marshes, yields different types of antioxidants (including total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbate, reduced/oxidized glutathione and reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes) in various quantities [6; 7; 8]. _Mesembryanthemum_ species are part of the _Aizoaceae_ family, commonly referred to as ice plants. The genus _Mesembryanthemum_ comprises about 70 species and is native to the Mediterranean region, the Atlantic Islands, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Australia and California [1]. _Mesembryanthemus_ species are known as halophytic models due to the methods of salt tolerance utilized by these plants [9]. The _Mesembryanthemum_ genus has three edible species of interest: _M. edule, M. crystallinum and M. nodiforum_[10; 11]. Several studies have shown that species belonging to the _Mesembrianthemums_ genus such as M. crystallinity possess bioactive molecules (e.g., antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial) [12; 13]. _M. nodiforum_ and _M. crystallinum_ have been used in both food and medical fields. In traditional Tunisian medicine, these species have been used for the treatment of eye infections [13]. The seeds of _M. forsskaolli_, due to their high protein content, have been used as flours replacing them with wheat [13; 14]. _M. nodiforum_, in addition to the aforementioned use to combat eye infection [10], leaf extracts from this plant are used for various treatments such as soaps and antiseptic poulices that can be applied to skin to treat burns and sores [12]. It was also observed that of _M. nodiforum_ extract showed extensive bactericidal activity [15] and anti-tumor properties [16]. Given its multiple beneficial effects, _M. nodiforum_ is a good candidate for the extraction of bioactive compounds, useful for pharmaceutical or cosmetic applications. Bioactive compounds can be extracted using traditional or innovative methods. Traditional extraction methods, often, involve the use of toxic solvents and have low selectivity and/or low extraction yields with very long extraction times [17]. Innovative methods, on the contrary, try to overcome these drawbacks. Extraction with supercritical fluids (SFE) is an innovative, clean and environmentally friendly technology, that has been shown to obtain high-quality extracts using CO\({}_{2}\)[7; 17; 18]. Knowing the beneficial effects of this species and the presence of bioactive compounds, it would be important to study the protective and anti-aging effect of this plant by evaluating some related biomarkers. In particular, alpha-1 Integrin and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) have been studied as proteins linked to oxidative stress and aging. Integrin alpha-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which plays an important role in the adhesion of the cell to the matrix and in the transduction of the signal to the cell, regulating events such as growth, division, cell survival and apoptosis [19]. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) is a nuclear deacetylase, with protective action against various types of stress: it has an anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic action and contributes to the cellular regulation of both growth and metabolism, acting positively on longevity [20].