# Content Management Based on Content Popularity Ranking in Information-Centric Networks
###### Abstract  
Users can access the Internet anywhere they go at any time due to the advancement of communications and networking technologies. The number of users and connected devices are rapidly increasing, and various forms of content are becoming increasingly available on the Internet. Consequently, several research ideas have emerged regarding the storage policy for the enormous amount of content, and procedures to remove existing content due to the lack of storage space have also been discussed. Many of the proposals related to content caching offer to identify the popularity of certain content and hold the popular content in a repository as long as possible. Although the host-based Internet has been serving its users for a long time, managing network resources efficiently during high traffic load is problematic for the host-based Internet because locating the host with their IP address is one of the primary mechanisms behind this architecture. A more strategical networking paradigm to resolve this issue is Content-Centric Networking (CCN), a branch of the networking paradigm Information-Centric Networking (ICN) that is focused on the name of the content, and therefore can deliver the requested content efficiently, securely, and faster. However, this paradigm has relatively simple content caching and content removal mechanisms, as it caches all the relevant content at all the nodes and removes the content based on the access time only when there is a lack of space. In this paper, we propose content popularity ranking (CPR) mechanism, content caching scheme, and content removal scheme. The proposed schemes are compared to existing caching schemes such as Leave Copy Everywhere (LCE) and Leave Copy Down (LCD) in terms of the Average Hop Count, content removal schemes such as Least Recently Used (LRU) and Least Frequently Used (LFU) in terms of the Cache Hit Ratio, and finally, the CCN paradigm incorporating the LCE and the LRU schemes and the host-based Internet architecture in terms of Content Delivery Time. Graphical presentations of performance results utilizing the proposed schemes show that the proposed CPR-based schemes for content caching and content removal provide better performance than the host-based Internet and the original CCN utilizing LCE and LRU schemes. content caching; content-centric networking; content popularity ranking; content removal; information-centric networking +
Footnote †: journal: Applied  
mobility support, high bandwidth consumption, and higher latency. These disadvantages are caused primarily because the original architecture of the host-based Internet was focused on fixed machines. The IP address-based host-to-host communication mechanism creates bottlenecks and stumbles upon these drawbacks. These downsides can be alleviated by introducing a content-centric communication system that is termed Content-Centric Networking (CCN) [2], which is a variation of the networking paradigm named Information-Centric Networking (ICN) [3]. CCN achieves flexibility in content retrieval by looking for the requested content itself and not becoming lost searching for the host that has the content. CCN provides the desired content from the nearest source by implementing an in-network caching policy that replicates all content that go through all the machines. The promising potential of CCN has prompted further research on areas including routing, security, congestion control, mobility support, and caching. The idea of storing the requested content in advance at a closer location is called caching, and it can help deliver the content faster. If the intermediate machines cache content, the availability of that content will be increased within the network, and the content can be downloaded quickly from the intermediate machines instead of fetching it from the remote server [2]. Several policies are available that determine which content to cache and which content to discard, and the caching decision based on the popularity of the content is one of the prominent ones.