## 1 Introduction  
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and is included by _International Agency for Research on Cancer classification_ as carcinogenic to humans (group I) [1]. The sources of Cd contamination are industry, where is used as a corrosive reagents, color pigments,and especially as batteries, and agriculture where is present as impurity in commercial inorganic fertilizers [1; 2; 3; 4]. Cd absorption in the body takes place mainly through respiratory and gastro-intestinal tract (by consumption of contaminated food and water) [5]. In the body, Cd is transported by erythrocytes and albumin in the bloodstream and then accumulated in the kidneys, liver, and gut [6; 7; 8]. The critical organ of Cd action is kidneys, where has a lot of cytotoxic and metabolic effects. Cd is accumulated throughout a lifetime, a dangerous feature because it produces renal and hepatic dysfunction, anemia, and cancer in different organs, including the kidneys [9; 10]. After exposure to Cd through diet, Cd may be absorbed as complexes with different dietary constituents or with metal-binding protein (metallothioneein, MT). MT is cysteine-rich protein, with a low molecular weight and has a protective contribution in Cd-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity [9; 11; 12; 13]. The inorganic or organic chelators of heavy metals (calcium or zinc trisodium-ethylenetriaminepentaacetate; carbodithoates; dimercaprol, etc.) were successfully used in remediation of intoxication with heavy metals [9], but this conventional treatment has several adverse effects such as anemia, mineral deficiency, cardiac arrest, or kidney overload [9]. In the last years, the researchers were focused on probiotics [5; 14] and nanoparticles [15] as option for the treatment of heavy metals intoxications. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are safe microorganisms (included in GRAS category) and are widely used in food industry to produce especially dairy fermented foods, such as yogurt and cheese, besides fermented vegetables, and meals. In addition, lactic acid bacteria are considered probiotics for human with positive effects on health [5; 16]. LAB were studied for their ability in removing heavy metals from environment, mainly from contaminated water [17]. Because LAB have negative surface charge, the cations (Cd, Pb, and As) could be binding at the bacteria surface by ion exchange mechanism [17; 18]. _Lactobacillus_ species could include selenium (Se) intracellular in the organic form such as selenocysteine [19]. On the other hand, the research studies demonstrated the ability of _Lactobacillus_ species to convert inorganic form of selenium in nanoparticles [20; 21; 22]. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human [23] and in the same time is a contradictory mineral, because at higher level become toxic for the organism, while its deficiency produce several health problems [24]. The World Health Organization has established for Se a value of 70 ug/day for the maximum daily intake, considering that doses above 400 ug/day may exert toxic actions [25]. The foods, like as meat, cereals, and seafoods are the mainly sources for Se in the human body. The forms of Se include (i) organic such as selenomethionine (in cereals and yeast), selenocysteine (in foods of animal origins); (ii) inorganic, i.e., selenite and selenate (Se in the +4 and +6 oxidation state, respectively), which are present in dietary supplements and water [26; 27]; and (iii) elemental SeNPs (in the 0 oxidation state) biosynthesized by different microorganism or plants [20; 28]. In this moment, some research study on animals or cell cultures, have investigated and demonstrated that Se supplementation can alleviate the toxic effects generated by Cd [26], but there are few studies on human populations [29]. [PERSON] et al. [29] investigated the renal effects of chronic co-exposure to high levels of Cd and Se of subjects from China's Hubei Province by determining the content of metals from blood, urine, and hair along with urine and blood biomarkers.