## 1 Introduction  
With the extensive deployment of \"new energy and new business\", the production and operation links covered by smart grids continue to increase. In power transmission and distribution application scenarios such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) transmission line inspection, robot power facility inspection, and emergency communication, etc., the power transmission and distribution devices (PDs) will generate a large amount of data such as monitoring data and video data, which need to be uploaded to the cloud server data center in time for power grid regulation and control [1, 2, 3]. Facing the trend of explosive growth of power transmission and distribution device information data, the traditional ground network data collection method will not be able to carry massive data transmission; therefore, the existing power communication method needs to be upgraded to monitor more production links and accommodate more power data. Building a fifth generation (5G) and satellite converged network is a feasible way to solve the above-mentioned challenges. The 5G network is based on a software-defined network [4], network function virtualization [5] and other technologies, which can support on-demand customization, high dynamic expansion, and the automated deployment of network resources. Applying 5G communication technology to power transmission and distribution scenarios can further improve the system performance of wireless private networks and enhance the differentiated and secure bearing capacity of multiple services. Meanwhile, the Internet of Satellite (IoS) has developed rapidly in recent years, which can provide navigation and positioning, precise timing, short message communication and other services for the construction of power transmission and distribution scenarios. IoS usually uses a Ka or Ku frequency band [6] to make the system capacity increase significantly, and it can provide high-speed broadband Internet access services for areas where traditional Internet erection costs are too expensive or ground base stations cannot provide coverage. Furthermore, ref. [7] also studied the performance limits of cognitive-uplink fixed satellite service (FSS) and terrestrial fixed service (FS) operating in the range 27.5-29.5 GHz for the Ka band, which provided useful guidance for system design and performance evaluation. Therefore, the fusion of a 5G network and satellite network applied to power transmission and distribution scenarios can accommodate more power data and meet the bearing needs of power business. However, the resource scheduling and energy efficiency optimization of a 5G and satellite converged network for power transmission and distribution scenarios still faces some key issues. Firstly, since satellites are far away from ground PDs, the direct uploading of data from ground to satellite may lead to large transmission loss; at present, the research studies on data transmission in 5G and a satellite converged network rarely consider the advantages of UAVs, while the introduction of a UAV in 5G and the satellite converged network of a UAV as a relay for data transmission [8] as well as the data forwarding by the UAV through the designated air-space link can appropriately reduce this transmission loss. Therefore, it is necessary to consider adding a UAV to the 5G and satellite converged network architecture for power transmission and distribution scenarios. Secondly, device association is an essential technology for improving system energy efficiency in 5G and satellite converged heterogeneous networks [9]; therefore, a reasonable device association strategy needs to be designed. Finally, power control techniques play an important role in reducing device energy consumption, which has a significant impact on system performance [10]; further, joint optimization of device association and power control can better improve system performance and user experience.