###### Abstract
Moreover, data have revealed that the adiponectin rs266729 gene polymorphism is reduced in colorectal cancer patients, implying that lower levels may be a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer in MetS patients [21]. Figure 1 demonstrates the factors affecting MetS and cancer. Although the burden of cancer rises at all human development index (HDI) levels, the epidemiological transition of cancer in developing HDI countries is anticipated to be the most affected. Many nations with low and medium HDI levels are seeing a significant increase in the incidence of known cancer risk factors that are also prevalent in high-income western countries (e.g., smoking, excess body weight, bad eating habits and physical inactivity). However, substantial work should be done to incorporate current effective interventions into existing health strategies as well as to cultivate novel interventions that either address global exposure or cancers with few preventative options [22]. Unfortunately, the prevalence of MetS is escalating worldwide [23]. It can also be noticed in developing countries due to sudden shifts in dietary habits and lifestyle patterns [24]. Globally, MetS ranges from 10-85%. Epidemiological studies highlighted that MetS probability increases with age [25]. It was reported to have a prevalence of 24.3% in Europe, with the chances of occurrence gradually increasing from 3.7% in <30-year-old to <30% in \(\geq\)70-year-old subjects [3]. Prevalence rates differ due to the presence of multiple criteria in its diagnosis. Therefore, it is accepted that as body mass index (BMI) and age increase, the incidence of MetS usually grows [26]. Although the prevalence of MetS was reportedly high (65.5%), it was observed that the occurrence of MetS was associated with acute and severe coronary artery disease [27] and may also increase the chances of CVD and diabetes [28]. The combined prevalence of overweight (>85 th percentile) and obesity (>95 th percentile) is 31%. Thus, sufficient and balanced nutrient consumption has been the main factor in prevention strategies. In the present era, the consumption of refined and processed foods could have contributed to the progression of MetS [24]. Research highlights that metabolic parameters (fasting blood glucose, abnormal lipid profile, and waist circumference) are greatly affected by diet and physical activity levels [29]. Increased consumer awareness has also altered consumption profiles. Foods and certain specific dietary components have recently gained a lot of attention in the treatment of MetS. In this regard, fruits and vegetables have been demonstrated to have health-promoting properties, making them promising sources of polyphenols [30]. Carrots are becoming more widely available plants in the midst of growing health concerns [31]. Due to higher production and utilization as a fresh and processed product, carrots are the most significant nutritive plants and are ranked among the top 10 plant crops in the world [32]. Among different colored carrot cultivars, the most well-known are orange. Purple (black) carrot varieties (_Daucus carota_ ssp. _sativus_ var. _atrorubens_ Alef.) are not so popular, but in some countries are still traditionally cultivated and consumed. Purple carrot roots are a rich source of nutrients, especially phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. All of these may play a potent role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Based on a number of available studies, an evaluation of the effects of purple carrots on MetS and cancer was undertaken. The present review is based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies and attempts to clarify the mechanisms of action and the importance of particular compounds in purple carrots.