## 2 Methods
### Eligibility Criteria  
Studies were eligible for inclusion if they met the following Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) criteria.  
Population (P): The Population criterion included patients diagnosed with Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (FAIS), a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by abnormal contact between the femoral head and the acetabulum, leading to pain, reduced range of motion, and functional impairment. Studies were eligible if they included patients diagnosed based on clinical assessment and/or imaging findings such as radiography, MRI, or CT scans. The age range considered was 16 years and older, as FAIS primarily affects young and middle-aged adults. Patients with significant comorbidities, including oncological, rheumatological, or neurological conditions that could interfere with rehabilitation outcomes, were excluded. Pediatric populations under 16 years of age were also not considered. Additionally, studies without full-text availability were excluded from the review, as their content could not be critically assessed.  
Concept (C): The Concept criterion focused on conservative physiotherapeutic interventions for FAIS management. Studies were considered if they examined rehabilitation strategies, including exercise therapy, manual therapy, education-based interventions, or multimodal rehabilitation programs. Exercise therapy included strengthening programs targeting hip and core muscles, neuromuscular training, flexibility exercises, and motor control interventions. Manual therapy encompassed joint mobilization, soft tissue techniques, and myofasical release, while education-based interventions involved patient education on activity modification, posture correction, and self-management strategies. Multimodal rehabilitation programs combining different therapeutic approaches were also considered. Studies were excluded if they focused solely on surgical interventions or compared different surgical techniques without incorporating conservative treatment. Additionally, research that did not specify physiotherapy-based treatments or lacked a structured rehabilitation protocol was not included.  
Context (C): The Context criterion focused on clinical settings where conservative management of FAIS was applied. Eligible studies were those conducted in outpatient rehabilitation centers, hospitals, sports medicine clinics, or research institutions where physiotherapy interventions were implemented for FAIS patients. Studies that took place in primary care settings or general orthopedic clinics were included if they provided structured rehabilitation programs delivered by physiotherapists or rehabilitation specialists. The review excluded studies conducted in exclusively surgical settings or those that did not involve a physiotherapy-based rehabilitation approach. Contextual variability across different healthcare systems and patient populations was considered to ensure that findings were generalizable to diverse clinical environments.  
Although the eligibility criteria did not explicitly limit the selection to Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), the methodological rigor and inclusion criteria focusing on comparative studies led to the exclusive selection of RCTs.