## 4 Discussion of System Configuration and Performance Analysis
### System Algorithm Development  
The design has 10 algorithm implementation steps. The algorithm scheme coordinates the system state functions. The cycle scans state events between the DMS and WSNs nodes per the proposed time intervals to take account of overlapping activities due to temperature latency. The scan cycle does not interfere with system performance. Figure 4 shows the algorithm flow chart whiles Table 3, as explained by the function steps. Figure 3: System architectural illustration. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c p{284.5 pt}} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Steps**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Algorithm Functions**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Step 1**} & The system is powered and regularized. \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 2**} & Checks and confirmation of WSNs nodes communication with microcontroller and DMS–DMU system \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 3A**} & Sensor nodes are initialized to communicate with other end devices via Arduino ATMega328P Microcontroller (MC) ZigBee WSNs/GSM through gateway interface \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 3B**} & Error/Correction/Checks. “NO” from step 3A, system updates and confirms operations after error checked and cleared \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 4 \& 5**} & WSNs confirm threshold data for respective sensor nodes, which should not exceed the set threshold values. The threshold values are saved in the EEPROM to avoid data loss should there be an incipient power failure \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 6 \& 7**A**} & Sensor nodes threshold data compares with the set threshold. If “Normal” (re-route to step 3A for next cycle from 7A), and if “Abnormal” (process activates GSM SMS Text Alert to send the message to DMS-DMU gateway interface for end field remedial action) through step 7C \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 7B**} & Normal threshold data processed for storage through ZigBee transceiver for archives \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 7C**} & Data exchange at DMS-DMU for “Abnormal” triggers SMS Text alert set from step 6 on transitioning”. Abnormal” SMS Alert/Display at DMS – DMU. The abnormal alert could be configured for control solutions or remedial action. \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 8**} & ZigBee transceiver at DMU Normal Data Process \& Storage and display) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Step 9**} & End of program \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Algorithm implementation steps. Figure 4: An algorithm flow chart. Algorithm Simulation and Analysis  
The proposed design algorithm performs according to the temperature threshold settings of the DERs network components. The temperature values are configured for the measuring sensors. Profiles of temperature scenarios are transmitted to the DMS-DMU during the normal state for data storage. An SMS alert is also sent in times of system abnormal temperatures threshold. The primary function of the monitoring system is to coordinate and profile temperature thresholds. Moreover, the objective function is to trigger SMS alert activation for control solutions when there is out of range thresholds, for end field devices through gateway interface application layer at DMS-DMU. The simulation results provide a clear understanding of the ZigBee WSNs system configuration for the algorithm performance. Different operating temperature conditions were set to ascertain the algorithm performance response during the process according to the temperature threshold settings for verification and alert notifications for control and remedial solutions. Below are the configuration temperature settings of the design for simulations. The values are randomly selected. 1. Minimum set threshold operating temperature (temp) = 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C
2. Maximum set thresholds operating temperature (temp) = 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C
3. Normal operating temperature (temp) range = 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C-30 \({}^{\circ}\)C
4. Critical alert minimum set temperature (temp) = below 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C
5.