# Concept to Reality: An Integrated Approach to Testing Software User Interfaces
## 2 Literature Review
To address and improve these issues, in our research, we tried to correlate both parties (i.e., users and experts), and we modified ten questions from three domains for the purpose of the survey. Recently, several authors have tried to improve the usability of software platforms using a newly evolved cognitive walkthrough [18] and assessed the actions needed to fix those issues. Scenarios, individual or group tasks and sub-tasks, and actions are all part of the newly evolved cognitive task model. The scenario overviews the necessary activities to achieve a specific outcome. The task analysis process begins with gathering data about the software to be assessed and progresses to identifying instances of collaborative communication [19]. Both scenarios and tasks can be defined, and teamwork can be evaluated by analyzing the collaboration dynamics [20]. Some researchers have contributed to the usability evaluation method design to extend the research dimension while performing their research on empirical and inspection methods [21; 22]. While performing experimental data analysis, the collected data are analyzed based on quantitative and qualitative contexts. Yet, these research works failed to allow an in-depth understanding of the software products being evaluated and to set a benchmark for comparison with other platforms. In addition, [PERSON] et al. emphasized evaluating the user interface based on two intuitive methods: user testing and heuristic evaluation [23]. The heuristic evaluation was performed to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the software, while the user testing focused on evaluating the satisfaction of novice users and the efficiency levels of the UI. Based on the heuristic reports from the experts, several recommendations were provided to improve the usability issues faced by its users. [PERSON] et al. [24] proposed a new framework to categorize Hostel Management software into five classes based on users' feedback, which was analyzed further to recommend the improvements required to solve the deficiencies. This research was conducted in a prescribed domain with 29 questions divided into ten different dimensions. Another research work focused on customer satisfaction attributes [25] to understand traditional customer perceptions by surveying users' data [26] of a Hostel Management software. A website's overall look and feel can significantly impact the users' experience and determine whether they stay or leave. A well-designed website with appealing aesthetics [27] can convey a sense of professionalism and trustworthiness, boosting the site's credibility. Aesthetics can also influence the user's emotions, aiding in the creation of a positive first impression and encouraging them to interact with the site's content [28]. Furthermore, a visually appealing website with a clear layout and simple navigation can help reduce user frustration and improve the overall user experience [29], resulting in higher engagement, longer visits, and a higher likelihood of returning to the site. While most of the research has focused solely on design perceptions based on human opinions, a few researchers have contributed to this field with artificial intelligence to assist developers while designing user-oriented web applications. This automates the concept design for the web applications in terms of the architectural design paradigm and shortens the time span instead of performing a rigorous user study. Machine learning models [30] and neural networks can be useful in creating user-friendly websites. Web designers can use these technologies to create personalized user experiences [31] that are tailored to individual user preferences, behavior [32], and demographics. Machine learning models can analyze user data such as click patterns, search queries, and page views to provide insights into how users interact with the website. These data can be used to enhance the user interface, increase user engagement, and boost conversion rates.