## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Method: IO Analysis  
IO analysis, also called inter-industry analysis, has been widely applied to find the economic impacts of a particular sector within an economy. This is because the IO model is useful for analyzing and forecasting the overall economic impacts of a change in production or investment of a sector because it is characterized by a general equilibrium model that emphasizes the link between sales and purchase of inputs [24]. More specifically, the model can be utilized to identify the impacts of changes in final demand or output of a particular sector on the production, value-added, employment, wages, income, etc. of the economy as a whole, as well as in each sector. In particular, the IO table, which is used as an input to the IO model, contains details of the flow of goods and services between industries, which can effectively reveal the processes of production, the use of goods and services, and the income generated from production in each sector [25].  
IO analysis has been often applied to analyze the economic effects of energy sectors in the literature. [PERSON] et al. (2016), [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2017), and [PERSON] et al. (2018) examined the roles of four electric power sectors, nuclear power generation, and the oil industry in the South Korean national economy, respectively. [PERSON] et al. (2019) investigated the impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Chinese economic growth and energy consumption. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) provided empirical research to identify the linkages between final demand and total output, final demand and total supply, and value-added ratios and prices in quarrying of energy-producing materials in Azerbaijan. [PERSON] et al. (2019) conducted energy IO analysis in Turkish agriculture. [PERSON] et al. (2019) dealt with the impact of clean energy investments on the Greek economy. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) and [PERSON] et al. (2020) looked into the economic cost of unsupplied diesel product and electricity shortage costs in South Korea, respectively. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) inspected the impact of electricity price increase on industrial prices and general price levels in South Korea.  
Thus, the method employed in this study, IO analysis, is consistent with previous case studies found in the literature. This study, however, differs in three respects from the previous studies. First, the study analyzes various economic effects of the two sectors and compares them. Second, in the absence of a case study from South Korea, the policy implications for the two sectors are updated by conducting a case study of South Korea using the most recently published IO table.  
Third, various economic effects focusing on the two sectors are analyzed through exogenous specification of the two sectors, which deals with the two sectors as an exogenous sector rather than as one of the endogenous sectors. Thus, the economic effects of the change in production or investment in the two sectors, rather than the change in the final demand or value-added for the two sectors, could be analyzed. The conventional IO analysis that deals with a sector as an endogenous sector creates contradictions so that an exogenous shock such as production or investment in the sector affects the production, value-added, and wages of the sector again. These points are thought to be notable parts of this article.