# Internet of Things (IoT) Operating Systems Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Solution
## 5 A Brief Review of Articles of This Special Issue
C-DBR decreases end-to-end delay but on the cost of higher energy consumption. B-DBR increases packet delivery ratio with increase in overall accumulative propagation distance. CA-DBR consumes less energy along with low end-to-end delay. Hence, different proposed schemes improves the quality in certain aspects and provides performance trade-offs according to user requirement. Information-Centric Networking (ICN) uses name instead of IP address to retrieve the contents. ICN faces many challenges in emerging and dynamic environment such as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETS). [PERSON] et al. [32] discussed the comprehensive opportunities and challenges for ICN with respect to Software Defined Network (SDN), cloud computing and edge computing. They discussed aforementioned models challenges and future research directions in terms of mobility, security, routing, naming, caching and 5G communications. Implementation of edge computing is a trivial task for constrained IoT devices. IoT OS manages all the resources of IoT motes. In [33] [PERSON] et al. investigated thoroughly the cross-influence of computational load of different processing tasks for IoT devices. Communication and processing are two inter-related tasks. Authors used YetiOS [34] that is built on top of FreeRTOS and YetiMotes for testbed. Certain communications scheme have strict timing requirements to complete the task. Otherwise, overall system performance degrades significantly. It is very crucial for healthcare or real time surveillance to process the information on time and generate the alarms or alerts accordingly. Hence, availability of affordable additional computational resources is necessary for handling high load and faster communication.Contrarily, design of intelligent communication protocol is required to handle the high communication load. Hence, new process management schemes can manage the communication tasks and processing tasks efficiently and fulfill the requirements of both. Additional experiments with different IoT OSs by considering transport protocols, routing protocols, MAC protocols, and complex deployment scenarios to study the other aspects is crucial for better understanding of cross-effects between processing and communication tasks. Blockchain is proposed to act as a shared and decentralized ledger to keep the transaction records.There are three main types of blockchain namely public, private and consortium. Public blockchains are decentralized management systems and allows anonymous participants. Private blockchain is for single organization where only trusted and identified users are permitted to participate. Consortium blockchains are designed for multiple organizations with trusted and identified participants. Public blockchain technologies are very slow as compared to private or consortium blockchains technologies. [PERSON] et al. [35] proposed secure and efficient re-encryption blockchain scheme for resource constrained IoT network. Experiment results revealed that the proposed scheme increases the processing delay however at the cost of secure interactions between the entities. Further studies are required to reduce processing delay and make it more efficient. CoAP is a specialized protocol specifically designed for low cost constrained IoT networks. Fully fledged CoAP requires extensive computing, processing and storage capabilities. Therefore, to cope with this issue, [PERSON] et al. [36] proposed CoAP handler for ICN POINT architecture. The objective is to provide CoAP group communication without IP multicast support and changing existing Domain Name System (DNS). Moreover, they added the functionality of CoAP observe and enable delaying response when CoAP server is in sleep mode. Experiments are conducted on POINT testbed and in mininet. Results shows that proposed scheme successfully able to shift the overhead and complexity from the CoAP endpoints to the ICN network without loosing any functionality. CoAP observe aggregation scheme also reduces the communication overhead.