## 1 Introduction
The design of bus stops necessitates a multifaceted approach and requires consideration of the reciprocal relationships with adjacent businesses and homes, as well as other land use-related considerations regarding access, traffic, noise, emissions, vehicle queuing and staging, road/rail network access, vehicle and passenger separation, and the pedestrian corridor, among others [16]. This approach aligns with the overarching concept that place, quality, and value can lead to better health-related, social, economic, and environmental outcomes [17]. The diverse needs associated with bus riders and their journeys necessitate designs that addresses numerous common requirements: walkability; comfort while waiting or boarding; and the ability to autonomously perform other travel functions, including purchasing tickets, getting information, and resting, as well as factors relating to the comprehension of signs and cues for wayfinding [18]. Given the varying circumstances bus-stop users may encounter (i.e., weather, purpose, location, and frequency of use), understanding bus stops as a system in which the main activities, waiting, boarding and alighting, are interrelated with other activities within the proximate environment is crucial for effective design. To ensure that bus-stop design effectively addresses user needs and experiences, it is essential to examine users' perceptions of bus stops. By gaining insights into how individuals interact with and perceive these spaces, we can better tailor design strategies to create bus stops that are more functional, comfortable, and appealing, and that enhance overall public transport experiences. Studies have shown that user perceptions of bus stops can vary from reality. In the state of New York in the USA, [PERSON] investigated walking distances to transit stops for older people, finding that transit riders slightly overestimated the actual distance from their homes to the stops, while non-transit riders underestimated the distance [19]. A study in Minnesota in the USA investigated wait times for transit travel, revealing that passengers' perceived wait times were, on average, 1.21 times longer than the observed wait times [20]. This research also demonstrated that basic amenities, including benches and shelters, significantly reduced perceived wait times, emphasizing the importance of providing such amenities at bus stops. Bus-stop shelters aim to protect passengers from extreme heat and inclement weather conditions; much of the current research focuses on thermal comfort and shading. Although some studies did not meet the inclusion criteria for this systematic review due to their publication type (book chapters and conference papers), they offer valuable insights. For example, a study in India evaluated the passive cooling effects of tree shading on bus-stop structures, finding that while trees were effective, additional measures such as roof gardens might be necessary in hot summer conditions [21]. In Australia, a design competition and transdisciplinary project led to the development of innovative \"climate-adapted people shelters\" [22]. The project included the construction and testing of a prototype that demonstrated that the design impacted the radiation, temperature, and user thermal comfort, with the provision of shade being the most important factor, mediated by roof size and aspect. In addition, numerous bus-stop-related reports and policy documents for cities, states, and regions worldwide play a significant role in shaping bus-stop design and installation, though they were not included in this systematic review due to their publication type. Despite the existing recommendations for context-specific designs, many bus shelters are prefabricated, and do not account for their unique context.