## 3 Results
### Bone Parameters  
The experimental diets had no effect on the bone parameters, including tibia fresh weight, air-dry weight, Seedor index, bone breaking strength, ash/mineral content, and ash percentages (all \(p\) > 0.05; Table 7).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Treatment**} & **Protein** & **Protein** & **Retained** & **Protein Di-** & **Energy** & **Energy** & **Retained** & **Energy Di-** & **Serum** \\  & **Intake** & **Exrected** & **Protein** & **gestibility** & **Intake** & **Exrected** & **Energy** & **Regesibility** & **Uric Acid** \\  & **(g/day)** & **(g/day)** & **(g/day)** & **(\%)** & **(Kcal/day)** & **(Kcal/day)** & **(Kcal/day)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **Level** \\ \hline SP & 27.74 [FOOTNOTE:4]Footnote 4: _Means within columns with different surfaces are significantly different at \(p\) < 0.05 and considered a trend at \(p\) = 0.05 \(\leq\) 0.10. SP: standard-protein diet (17.24% CP); RP: reduced-protein diet (15.00% CP) plus sufficient levels of Lys, Met, and Thr; RP-EAA: reduced protein (15% CP) plus sufficient levels of all essential AAs; RP-EAA-Trp: RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA: reduced protein (15% CP) plus sufficient levels of all essential AAs; RP-EAA-Trp: RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp; RP-EAA minus Trp;  
\end{table}
Table 6: Apparent protein digestibility, gross energy digestibility, and serum uric acid levels of hens offered the dietary treatments at week 40 (as per dry matter basis).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Treatments**} & **Fresh** & **Air-Dry** & **Length** & **Width** & **Seedor** & **Bone** & **Ash** & **Ash** \\  & **Weight (g)** & **Weight (g)** & **(mm)** & **(mm)** & **Index** & **Breaking** & **Content (g)** & **(\%)** \\ \hline SP & 12.38 & 9.73 & 125.04 & 8.70 & 0.070 & 158.76 & 3.23 & 37.15 \\ RP & 12.01 & 9.55 & 124.27 & 8.63 & 0.069 & 134.64 & 3.29 & 38.64 \\ RP-EAA & 11.90 & 9.25 & 123.39 & 8.78 & 0.067 & 150.54 & 3.20 & 38.70 \\ RP-EAA-Trp & 12.10 & 9.45 & 124.84 & 8.70 & 0.068 & 138.54 & 3.21 & 38.02 \\ RP-EAA-Val & 12.16 & 9.53 & 125.40 & 8.67 & 0.068 & 126.26 & 3.20 & 37.66 \\ RP-EAA-Ile & 12.25 & 9.71 & 123.55 & 8.72 & 0.070 & 146.58 & 3.35 & 38.70 \\ RP-EAA-Arg & 27.83 & 9.72 & 124.54 & 9.04 & 0.070 & 127.01 & 3.17 & 36.58 \\ RP-EAA-Leu & 12.17 & 9.66 & 123.45 & 8.69 & 0.071 & 134.71 & 3.28 & 37.65 \\ RP-EAA-His & 12.60 & 10.02 & 126.48 & 8.76 & 0.071 & 134.43 & 3.40 & 37.87 \\ RP-EAA-Phe & 12.48 & 9.78 & 123.73 & 8.80 & 0.071 & 151.79 & 3.24 & 37.03 \\ RP-EAA-Gly & 11.98 & 9.45 & 124.09 & 8.77 & 0.069 & 134.96 & 3.14 & 36.67 \\ SEM & 4.709 & 0.230 & 1.18 & 0.172 & 0.002 & 16.89 & 0.120 & 1.004 \\ \(p\)-value & 0.448 & 0.626 & 0.761 & 0.943 & 0.741 & 0.947 & 0.926 & 0.804 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 7: Tibia morphological parameters of hens offered the dietary treatments at week 40.