BSFL exhibit the potential to valorise organic side streams such as spent grains, food waste and several other waste products resulting from the agricultural process [6; 7]. The nutritional potential of BSFL reared on organic side streams is composed of crude fat varying between 15 and 49% (dry weight basis), and the protein content varies between 30 and 50% (dry weight basis) [21; 22; 23]. The protein content in BSFL generally decreases with age [23]; this is attributed to the enzymatic catalysis of protein, resulting in the development of chitin [11]. The amino acid profile of BSFL is constituted of essential and non-essential amino acids [24], with lysine as a predominantly distributed amino acid (-5.6% of the total amino acid composition) [25]. BSFL are also an excellent source of arginine owing to the high bioavailability of this compound in the larvae [26]. Amino acids such as tryptophan, threonine, valine, and cysteine, which are considered important in swine and chicken diets, are also distributed at better proportions in BSFL when compared to soybean meal and other plant-based feeds [26]. It is noteworthy that the amino acid profile of BSFL is not drastically influenced by the amino acid composition of the substrate fed to BSFL [27]. The fatty acid profile of BSFL is dominated by saturated fatty acids that account for 60-80% of the total fatty acid content. The predominant saturated fatty acid in BSFL is Lauric acid (C12:0) (32-60%) followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) (8-20%) and oleic acid (C18:1 \(n\)-9) (5-12%) [21; 24]. The concentration of essential unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and \(\alpha\)-linolenic acid in BSFL is influenced by the substrate used for rearing [22]. BSFL also accumulates various minerals such as manganese, calcium, iron, phosphorous, and even certain vitamins from the substrate used for rearing [28; 29]. Overall, BSFL reared using organic side streams exhibit the potential to serve as a sustainable feed ingredient. However, the commercialisation of BSFL as a feed ingredient is not widespread due to the lack of specific regulations pertaining to their use as feed [4]. Real-time information regarding various safety issues (biological, chemical, and microbial) of BSFL and rapid methods to monitor their quality (nutritional and safety) when reared on organic side streams are required so as to establish control points and tolerable limits for different quality parameters of BSFL when reared on different organic side streams [30; 31]. This will eventually assist in the development of specific regulations governing their use as feed. Traceability in the food supply chain is defined as \"_the ability to trace a food, feed, or any other substance that's intended to be used either as food or feed_\" [32]. It is identified as one of the essential factors that is responsible for ensuring food safety across the supply chain [33]. The use of analytical methods is time-consuming, expensive, and requires personnel with specific skill sets [34]. The demand for more rapid, non-invasive, and sophisticated traceability systems in food supply chains is increasing so as to improve the standards of quality assurance [33]. Over the years, several advancements have been made in the field of vibrational spectroscopy, which has led to the development of portable instruments for tracing and monitoring the quality of food and feed where near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been extensively used for this purpose [33; 35; 36]. NIR spectroscopy has been used to address the authenticity and traceability of food and feeds from two different aspects, including (1) the authenticity of production based on production parameters such as geographical origin, etc. [37; 38; 39], and (2) traceability based on the product description such as raw vs fresh, processed vs unprocessed, etc. [40; 41; 42; 43].