# Medical Devices for Tremor Suppression: Current Status and Future Directions
## 7 Tremor Suppression Devices: Place in Therapy
Most of the investigational devices discussed were abandoned before entering the market. However, it is imperative that the search for safe and effective tremor suppression devices continues, given the overall economic burden of tremors. Given that most of the currently available devices are based on preliminary data, more investigation is needed to understand the safety and efficacy \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Type of Device** & **Study Participants (_n_)** & **Efficacy** & **Risks** & **Refs** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Wearable Orthoses: Passive Orthoses**} \\ \hline Tremelo * & PD tremor (1) & 85\% tremor suppression & [115] \\ \hline Steadi-One * & Lab simulation & 85–90\% tremor suppression & [116] \\ \hline Readi-Steadi * & ET (20); Healthy (40) & 50\% tremor suppression & [117] \\ \hline Task-Adjustable & PD tremor (1) & * & 82\% tremor suppression & \\ Passive Orthosis & PD tremor (1) & * & 79\% tremor suppression & \\  & & & while pouring (_p_ = 0.03) & [119] \\  & & * & 74\% tremor suppression & \\  & & & while drawing a spiral & Not reported \\  & & (_p_ = 0.03) & \\ \hline Particle Damper & Not reported & & [120] \\ \hline Vib-Bracelet & PD tremor (1) \$ & 85\% tremor suppression & [121; 122] \\ \hline Air-dashpot-based & Healthy (1) \$ & * & 20–62\% tremor suppression & \\  & & in the wrist & \\  & & * & 82\% tremor suppression in & \\  & & the elbow & \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Assistive Feeding Devices**} \\ \hline Neater Eater * & Not reported & Not reported & [127] \\ \hline Lifware Steady * & ET (15) & * & Improved FTM-TRS while & \\  & & & transferring objects & \\  & & (_p_ = 0.001) & Not reported & [129] \\  & & * & 73\% tremor suppression & \\ \hline Gyenno Spoon * & Not reported & 85\% tremor suppression & [131] \\  & & (claimed) & \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Gyroscopic Stabilizers**} \\ \hline GyroGlove * & Not reported & Not reported & Not reported & [132] \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Haptic Stimulation Systems**} \\ \hline Emme Watch & Not reported & Not reported & Not reported \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{} \\ \hline BF-ADL, Bain and Findley Activities of Daily Living; BSN, body senor network; ET, essential tremor; FTM-TRS, Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale; MMS, multi-channel mechatronic splitter; MS, multiple sclerosis; PMLM, permanent magnet linear motor; SETS, soft exoskeleton for tremor suppression; TETRAS, Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale; PD, Parkinson’s disease; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; WOTAS, Wearable Orthosis for Tremor Assessment and Suppression; and WTSG, wearable tremor suppression gloves. * FDA-registered; Class I medical device. \$ FDA-approved; Class II medical device. \$ Test bench simulation. * I Induced muscle contraction. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._of these devices before their use in clinical practice can be supported. Cost-effectiveness data are necessary and important to convince insurance programs to provide coverage, alleviating the financial constraints on patients and caregivers.