## 2 Overview of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Road Transport Systems
### Detection of Road Accidents Using Wireless Technology  
#### 2.6.1 Detecting Incidents with 5G in Road Transport  
To address the escalating need for urban innovation in the modern world, 5G gives city and transportation experts the chance to update their key technology infrastructure [86]. Additionally, networked autonomous driving will promote and simplify the use of 5G artificial intelligence and other information technologies. This new infrastructure system of \"pedestrian-vehicle-road-cloud\" collaboration will be developed more quickly [87]. For instance, with 5G you may share a vehicle's location every second along with its speed, internal temperature, condition, and the status of any cargo it has instead of just sharing it every ten seconds. For programs that rely on data-intensive streaming programs such as high definition video, 5G's enhanced bandwidth is crucial [49].  
These technologies include intelligent sensors for detecting the surroundings, using artificial intelligence and big data, blockchain, and connectivity technologies such as C-V2X and 5G [88]. The 5G core network communicates with purported network functionalities through service-based interfaces. The expanded 3 GPP location service architecture defines any UE, including those in a vehicle, to have the gateway mobile location center (GMLC) location-related features. The GMLC is a network element that interacts with the position of the control plane service to receive and process location data. It may initiate a control plane location service on its own or in response to a request from a location services client. The client could be inside the UE or anywhere else in the architecture [27].  
What is unique about 5G? Renault's [PERSON] highlighted the unique aspects of 5G. For the network, we could benefit from network slicing, which would allow us to have a specialized network for smartphones, automobiles, and the internet of things with 5G. This could be useful to distinguish between the various consumers [89]. Future innovation and economic growth will be possible through next-generation communication technologies, benefiting businesses, consumers, and society. The rapid development of 5G is happening in parallel with developments in the internet of things, artificial intelligence (AI), and smart platforms for novel applications such as mission-critical communications (IoT). These connections are used for a variety of services, the majority of which are non-commercial safety services, such as automatic crash notification (ACN) services such as eCall, the detection of stationary or slowly moving vehicles, and informational alerts for traffic jams, roadwork, weather warnings, and other hazardous conditions [90]. The effectiveness of urban public transportation operations can be increased by 5G. A more accurate match between supply and demand could be achieved through technology-based real-time monitoring of public vehicles and real-time management of user demand, leading to the development of nearly real-time origin-destination (OD) matrix proxies. This would increase transport operators' efficiency by preventing the operation of either empty or overloaded vehicles, enhancing the service quality for users and accident avoidance [91].  
High-quality connection is essential for intelligent transportation systems because it allows the various road users to communicate and share information instantly. According to Telefonica, the 5G network can concurrently offer the entire mobility ecosystem high levels of connectivity, high bandwidth, and extremely low latencies thanks to edge computing [92], and time-sensitive information will always be sent reliably. For instance, if an autonomous vehicle's function fails, it might be remotely driven in real time. To maximize safety, efficiency, and sustainability, we anticipate the adoption of completely autonomous capabilities in certain locations at first, using long-term progress toward an utterly autonomous transport ecosystem and 5G signal coverage [93].