# Adaptive Energy Management in 5G Network Slicing: Requirements, Architecture, and Strategies
## 3 Energy Management Proposal for 5G Network Slicing
### Requirements for the Energy Management in 5G Network Slicing  
To present a feasible proposal aligned with the needs of current and future mobile networks, we surveyed the main technical specifications and recommendations issued by the most representative standardization bodies in the mobile networks landscape: the 3 GPP, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and the Telecommunication standardization sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T). Table 3 shows the latest version of the technical specifications and reports reviewed related to the proposal. This information can be used as reference literature to motivate future work. Regarding the proposed energy management approach, Table 4 summarizes the requirements and possible solutions for adaptive consumption in 5G network slicing. The structure of the proposed architecture and the energy management model described in Section 3.3 allow satisfying Requirements R1, R2, R3, and R4. The management strategies presented in Section 3.2 meet the need for adaptive consumption of available energy described in Requirements R5 and R6. Instead, the performance metrics to assess the optimization in energy consumption described in Requirement R7 are presented in Section 5.1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Area** & **Institution or Organization** & **Documentation** & **Description** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Requirements and features of 5G} & \multirow{4}{*}{3 GPP} & Technical specification & System architecture for the 5G \\  & & TS 23.501, release 16 & System [2] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Technical specification & Service requirements for the 5G \\  & & TS 22.261, release 17 & system [1] \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Network Slicing} & \multirow{4}{*}{3 GPP} & Technical specification & Management and orchestration; Concepts, use cases, and requirements [3] \\  & & TS 28.530, release 16 & Management and orchestration; Provisioning [4] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Technical report & Study on management and orchestration of net. slicing for next generation network [6] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & TR 28.801, release 15 & Study on tenancy concept in 5G \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Technical report & networks and network slicing management [7] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & TR 28.804, release 16 & Report on Network Slicing Support with ETSI NFV Architecture Framework [5] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Technical specification & Energy efficiency of 5G [8] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & TS 28.310, release 16 & \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Technical report & Study on system and functional aspects of energy efficiency in 5G \\ \cline{3-4}  & & TR 32.972, release 16 & networks [9] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Recommendation & Sustainable power-feeding solutions for 5G networks [10] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & L1210 & Study on methods and metrics to evaluate energy efficiency for future 5G systems [12] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Recommendation & Standardization terms and trends in energy efficiency [14] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & Recommendation & Assessment of mobile network \\ \cline{3-4}  & & L1331 & energy efficiency [15] \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & Energy control for the software-defined networking architecture \\ \cline{3-4}  & & L1360 & architecture [16] \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Recommendation L1361} & \multirow{4}{*}{Measurement method for energy efficiency of network functions virtualization [17]} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & \\ \cline{3-4}  & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Technical documentation related to the proposal.