Due to the significant quantities of organic municipal solid waste produced worldwide and the consequent negative environmental impact, local, national and European authorities have undertaken various activities finalized towards the implementation of different management solutions regarding this type of waste. Recently, [PERSON] et al. [6] developed a model able to optimize the flows of organic waste and their management by considering the circularity and sustainability criteria. Nevertheless the complexity of the superstructure comprising different management technologies, the same authors declared in their first study that: \"the complete circularity of the nutrient flows within any Circular Integrated Waste Management System is infeasible\" [6]. Afterwards, [PERSON] et al. [7] improved their model in order to recover nutrients from the municipal organic waste by considering typology, life cycle and costs. Conventional techniques widely applied for the treatment and management of organic waste in developing countries consist of animal feeding, composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration and disposal in landfills [8]. Disposal in landfills causes several environmental issues including emissions of greenhouse gas, unpleasant smell production and the formation of leachate. Due to the composition of organic waste and the high water content, incineration is an energy demanding and inefficient process that also entails air pollution [8]. Composting is a process during which the organic materials are converted into low value-added products [8]. On the other hand, thermochemical conversion processes (e.g., pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction) and bio-chemical conversion methods (e.g., anaerobic digestion, fermentation, microbial fuel cell) are more advanced approaches for the treatment and management of organic waste in conjunction with the potential to produce value-added bio-based chemicals, polymers, fuels and energy [9]. Through the development of proper methods and systemic approaches, different types of biogenic wastes can be converted into diversified types of bio-energy products (e.g., biogas, syngas, methane, hydrogen, electricity), targeting various market outlets under the framework of a circular economy [2]. [PERSON] et al. presented a summary of the different aspects of the valorization of vegetable and fruit wastes for the extraction of bioactive compounds and nutrients [10]. An innovative approach for the valorization of bakery waste for the production of bio-colorants has been proposed by [PERSON] et al. [11]. Agro-industrial, dairy and food processing wastes have been recently used for the production of bio-surfactants [12]. Though the production of biogas is a valid method to recycle organic waste, it cannot be used in some situations where a long disposal period can cause the proliferation of bacterial loads and the production of bad smells, such as for example on cruise ships. As in the past [13], the problem of biomass storage is still current. The in-depth study of [PERSON] [14] on the evolution over the years of biogas exploitation for the production of energy and the insights of [PERSON] et al. [15] about the influence of collection date and the ensiling on the yield for the methane production by the _Miscanthus_ genotypes, prove that an important limit for anaerobic digestion is the storage, so continuous feeding is necessary in biogas plants. The use of organic waste for the realization of bio-products was also recently analyzed. [PERSON] et al. [16] discussed solid-state fermentation (SSF). In dry conditions the waste material (solid biomass) can become a substrate for bio-transformations for producing aromas, biosurfactants, biopesticides, bioplastics, organic acids or phenolic compounds. However, an important issue associated with the use of the organic waste is its heterogeneity.