## 3 Results
### Rheology of the Selected Creams and Gels  
To determine the viscosity of the studied emulsions, seven different disk spindles were used at different speeds, ranging from 0.3 rpm to 100 rpm, according to the Brookfield program, which automatically selects the range for each spindle. However, considering that each spindle is characterized by a different geometry, it was necessary to select the spindle/speed combinations to achieve torque readings between 10% and 100%. None of the studied formulations responded in the range of 10% and 100% when using the smaller  
\begin{table} \begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Name**} & **Emulsion** & **NAG** & **nNAG** & **HPE** & **HPE** & **Mix of** & **Mean** & **Mean** \\  & **Phase** & **NAG** & **Hydro-** & **Lipo-** & **Lipo-** & **nNAG/HPE** & **SS** & **Viscosity** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Lipophilic} \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & & & & 86.5 \(\pm\) 9 & 10,608.3 \(\pm\) 22 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & X & & & 95.3 \(\pm\) 1.8 & 14,084.2 \(\pm\) 28 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & X & & 91.3 \(\pm\) 1 & 7029.2 \(\pm\) 14 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & & X & 58.9 \(\pm\) 6 & 11,154.3 \(\pm\) 22 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & & X & 78.5 \(\pm\) 8 & 9367.3 \(\pm\) 18 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Lipophilic} \\ \hline G1 & W/O & & & & 204.8 \(\pm\) 20.5 & 27,609.6 \(\pm\) 55.2 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & X & & & 23.28 \(\pm\) 5.4 & 37,278.2 \(\pm\) 74.4 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & & X & & 73.7 \(\pm\) 7 & 12,501.2 \(\pm\) 25.0 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & & & X & 139 \(\pm\) 14 & 20,198.5 \(\pm\) 40.4 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Polymeric} \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & & X & 112.9 \(\pm\) 11.3 & 16,383.3 \(\pm\) 32.8 \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & & & 205.1 \(\pm\) 20 & 32,531.6 \(\pm\) 65 \\ \hline G2 & PLO & X & & & 181.96 \(\pm\) 3.6 & 20,932.4 \(\pm\) 41.8 \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & X & & 73 \(\pm\)1 & 9621.2 \(\pm\) 19.2 \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & X & & 8.6 \(\pm\) 1 & 558.9 \(\pm\) 11 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Polymeric} \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & & X & 10.2 \(\pm\) 1 & 903 \(\pm\) 18 \\ \hline G2 & PLO & & & & 280 \(\pm\) 6 & 40,831 \(\pm\) 82 \\ \hline G3 & O/W & X & & & 397.82 \(\pm\) 8 & 53,309.8 \(\pm\) 106 \\ \hline G3 & O/W & X & & & 293.9 \(\pm\) 6 & 41,426.8 \(\pm\) 410 \\ \hline G3 & O/W & & X & & 61.1 \(\pm\) 6 & 8144.3 \(\pm\) 162 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{X} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} 
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Name**} & **Emulsion** & **NAG** & **HPE** & **HPE** & **Mix of** & **nNAG/HPE** & **Mean** \\  & **Phase** & **NAG** & **Hydro-** & **Lipo-** & **nNAG/HPE** & **SS** & **Viscosity** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Lipophilic} \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & & & 86.5 \(\pm\) 9 & 10,608.3 \(\pm\) 22 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & X & & 95.3 \(\pm\) 1.8 & 14,084.2 \(\pm\) 28 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & X & 91.3 \(\pm\) 1 & 7029.2 \(\pm\) 14 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & X & 58.9 \(\pm\) 6 & 11,154.3 \(\pm\) 22 \\ \hline C3 & W/O & & X & 78.5 \(\pm\) 8 & 9367.3 \(\pm\) 18 \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Lipophilic} \\ \hline G1 & W/O & & & 204.8 \(\pm\) 20.5 & 27,609.6 \(\pm\) 55.2 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & X & & 23.28 \(\pm\) 5.4 & 37,278.2 \(\pm\) 74.4 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & X & & 73.7 \(\pm\) 7 & 12,501.2 \(\pm\) 25.0 \\ \hline G1 & W/O & & X & 139 \(\pm\) 14 & 20,198.5 \(\pm\) 40.4 \\ \hline G and larger spindles, respectively. In the other cases, the spindle/speed combinations responded at torques between 10% and 100%; then, it was possible to determine the range of viscosities as a function of the rotational speed (Table 2). The eudermic O/W cream (C1) containing 1% nNAG exhibited the lowest viscosity at both the minimum and maximum values of the range, whereas 1% NAG did not alter the viscosity at the minimum value but increased it at the maximum value. When the phases of emulsion were inverted to W/O (C3), the addition of 1% nNAG decreased the minimal viscosity and increased the corresponding maximum value, whereas 1% NAG increased both the minimum and maximum values (Table 2). The analysis of the gels shows a different behavior compared to the creams.