# Tailoring the V-Model for Optics: A Methodology for Optomechatronic Systems
## 2 V-Model to Develop Optomechatronic Systems
In addition to the V-Model of VDI guideline 2206 already described, there are other process models derived from the original V-Model that are structured similarly. The models are evaluated in Table 1 on the basis of the requirements described above. The process model of VDI guideline 2206 is primarily used to develop mechatronic systems where interdisciplinary challenges are in the foreground [10]. The model is made applicable by specific process phases. In addition, it is recommended to further detail the model for specific development tasks. The second requirement of linking elements of micro- and macrology can therefore be regarded as only partially fulfilled. The V-Model in Model-Based-Systems-Engineering (MBSE) focuses on the continuous simulation of the individual system components. Furthermore, processes that are upstream and downstream of the V-Model are recorded in the model. However, a link to elements of the microlog for the detailed description of work packages is not included [44]. V-Model XT was developed with the objective of achieving a high degree of adaptability for military and infrastructure projects [45]. Unlike the models presented so far, the V-Model XT is implemented in a software tool. The basic principles of the V-Model correspond to those of the general procedure of VDI guideline 2206. For tangible development tasks, there are other adapted V-Models such as the models according to [46; 47; 48; 49]. These models focus on applicability through concrete work steps. However, concept-determining optical properties and the effect on humans are not considered. Based on the analysis shown, [PERSON] derives in [9] that the V-Model of VDI guideline 2206 is a suitable basis for the development process of optomechatronic systems. The possible linking of the general model with elements of microlog is successfully implemented by [46; 47; 48; 49] to detail the V-Model for tangible development tasks. Figure 5 shows the process to develop optomechatronic systems elaborated in [9] by [PERSON]. In the following, the process is presented and the requirements described and how they are taken into account are shown. The process is divided into the phases requirements analysis (1); system design (2); domain-specific design (3); and system integration (4). The final property validation (5) is performed with the overall system in the field. The basic structure of the process model with five phases for systematic decomposition, integration and property validation at different integration levels is based on the general V-Model of VDI guideline 2206. The process is therefore suitable for system developments with elements from different domains. To increase the applicability of the process, a process phase is defined for each of the phases mentioned. Each process phase is assigned several work steps, which are described in detail. The concept-defining properties of the optics domain should be taken into account early in the development process in order to avoid time-consuming changes later in the development process. Therefore, a first preliminary design of the optical system is recommended already in the system design phase (2). In Figure 5, this is represented by starting the design of optical components already in phase 2 (development of subsystems). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline  & **V-Model** & **V-Model** & **V-Model** & **Adjusted** \\  & **VDI2206** & **MBSE** & **XT** & **V-Models** * \\ \hline Applicability for system developments & + & + & + & + \\ Linking between process elements & o & - & o & + \\ of micrologic and macrologic & & & & \\ Consideration of the concept-defining & - & - & - & - \\ requirements of the optics domain & - & - & - & - \\ Consideration of effects on humans & - & - & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* according to [46; 47; 48; 49].  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Evaluation of interdisciplinary development processes based on the imposed requirements. fulfilled (+), partially fulfilled (o), not fulfilled (-) according to [9].