# Quantum Biotech and Internet of Virus Things: Towards a Theoretical Framework
## 6 QBIoVT Priority Areas, Challenges, and Applications
### IoVT System for COVID-19 Pandemic
#### 6.2.2 IoVT System Architecture Insights and Applications for Pandemic  
In the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no designated therapeutics cure or vaccine. The only way to protect from the COVID-19 infection was self-isolation, masking and maintaining the physical distancing at least six feet. The following elements can provide a six feet physical distance, as shown in Figure 9:  
1. An IoVT node with sensors placed at various locations for application-specific, effective, low power, easy to use solution for real-time challenges and monitors health parameters, then updates the smartphone applications to display the user health conditions to notify the user to maintain a physical distance of 6 ft, which is a key aspect in controlling the spread of the infection. Sensors are the input providers from the physical world; sensors are also the input providers over a network, and actuators allow exploiting or react as per the input received from sensors. The cloud server with a fuzzy system considers user health conditions to forecast the risk of infection spread in real-time and the risk conditions convey from the virtual zone and bestow updated data for different places. Thus, an IoVT node can provide an early warning system to curb the spread of infectious diseases and can leverage to enable a healthcare system to deal with pandemic outbreaks.
2. A Cloud server with QML tools is utilized for MDA and diagnosis. Data communication (as an input) is done via a gateway which shall further be transmitted to the quantum edge (cloud) gateway. In the massive data warehouse, filtration of data is distilled. ML and QML are used to create system models based on the needs and accepted data. MDA is used for visualization of performance comparative study and outcomes. Infrared (IR) sensors are used in public places, including toilets, for the automatic operation of water supply, doors, and windows. IR thermometers are used to check the body temperature to identify infection of the people and facial recognition by using the optical camera at all entry points of all public places including airport gates, bus stations, malls, and railway stations. Sensors are installed to monitor the body temperature, automatic operation of windows, lifts, escalators, doors, water supply control, toilets, online conference to avoid direct contact with the physical world and human's interaction.
3. Smartphone Application: Smartphone technology offers significant applications in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. With the introduction of the 5G mobile system, smartphone technology further evolves to play a key role in future pandemics, and many other applications of health care. Smartphone applications enabled with IoT use information such as Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) for monitoring purposes to increase the chance of detecting infected people. Example scenario: The Pandemic-Safe framework communication (4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi between the IoVT node and cloud server) can help in minimizing the exposure risk to COVID-19 as shown in Table 5 and Figure 9.  
IoVT system plays an instrumental role in the pandemic situation for monitoring of infected persons. All high-risk infected persons can be tracked and traced conveniently using the internet-based network. This system can also be used for biometric measurements, and the workload of medical professionals can decrease as well as achieve cost savings, as shown in Figure 10.  
Figure 10: Merits of the IoVT technology for COVID-19 pandemic.  
Figure 9: IoT applications in the COVID-19 pandemic.