## 5 Conclusions  
Cities will undergo LULC changes over the years, and these changes in settlement areas will typically occur on agricultural and vacant lands. Determining the changes in parameters caused by these changes, along with other urban parameters resulting from these alterations, is crucial for projecting the development of the city in the coming years. Therefore, examining the current urban parameters and identifying the parameters that will affect the city in subsequent years are essential for future development projections. Spatio-temporal data can be compared with the statistical data of the cities, as well as showing the changes in artificial and natural surfaces. Therefore, all surface change is actually caused by environmental and human-induced effects. The Urban Atlas spatio-temporal data, which is a suggested and usable methodology for studies, are from reliable datasets, and these data are used to analyze LULC changes with high resolution and accuracy. Significant differences were observed between construction sites and arable areas for the city center, and there is a more notable difference than other classes in this study. So, the identified changes in arable and open-space areas were mostly in favor of urban fabric and construction sites. Environmental consumption and pollution have also increased in this direction. Therefore, the impact of urbanization on natural surfaces was observed in a developing city. Population growth was the primary cause of this urbanization, and this obviously revealed environmental and human-induced impacts. As human needs increase, LULC changes will also increase within cities, and these changes will have an impact on natural resources and land use. If precautions are not taken regarding the protection and consumption of natural resources and areas, problematic urbanization will have negative effects on human life.  
Urban changes can be determined by satellite images, and the direction of change can be predicted with an analysis of LULC and city parameters. Therefore, comments and predictions can be made directly on waste, urbanization, energy consumption, environmental expenditure, etc., in urban change analyses in the future. The changes in cities over time, which include the development and direction of industry and urban fabric, connections of the transportation network, green space needs, etc., can be determined with many analyses of Urban Atlas spatio-temporal and urban planning. Future forecasts can also be made by determining the needs and consumption of cities with spatio-temporal analysis. In this context, research and development processes can be established for improvements, and it will be possible to take precautions against conditions that may be unfavorable for the future. Also, both LULC data and environmental impact data can be considered in the reorganization and renewal of cities, especially after natural disasters. Therefore, it has been revealed that temporal LULC and statistical environmental data will assist in establishing more environmentally sensitive and healthier living spaces for future urban developments.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The data and materials used in this analysis are available upon request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy.  
The author would like to thank the Land Monitoring Service of Copernicus for generously providing the Urban Atlas data. Research assistance given by [PERSON] is gratefully acknowledged. The author would like to thank the anonymous reviewers, whose comments and suggestions allowed for improvement of the paper.  
The author declares no conflict of interest.