## 1 Introduction
The system was based on two mechanisms: the first is the search mechanism (PILOT), which locates the position of the sun and the second mechanism (intelligent PANELS) aligns with the PILOT only if the maximum possible energy could be extracted. Thereby, the research results from the article [7; 8; 9; 10; 11] confirm that the orientation of solar panels can increase the efficiency of the conversion system by 20% up to 50%, which significantly increases electricity production. In [11], there was a study of a three-phase inverter representing an essential part of the photovoltaic systems, which allowed us to take an idea on the conditioning and the simulation of the motor used in our realized prototype. Afterward, many research works have studied the optimization and design of the sun tracking method to maximize the exposure of cells to sunlight by keeping the solar module's active surface perpendicular to the solar radiation. In 2018, the authors of the article [12] presented a comprehensive examination of the solar tracking system's potential in solar energy applications. Their explanation helps to give an overview of drive system design parameters, construction, types, and techniques covering different applications of use. They explained the two main types of solar tracking systems: the single-axis solar tracking system and the dual-axis solar tracking system. Their paper shows that in recent research studies, 42.57% of the studies have discussed and presented single-axis trackingsystems, while 41.58% of these studies reported on dual-axis tracking systems. As well as in the solar tracking techniques, azimuth and elevation tracking reached 16.67% utilization, horizontal tracking 16.67%, azimuth tracking 10%, polar tracking 16.67%, and utilization 4.44%. This encouraged us to continue to improve the modeling results of the different blocks of our methodology and improve the other blocks' modeling results [13]. Several electronic systems for the control and piloting of bi-axial solar trackers of photovoltaic power plants were developed and tested by [14; 15; 16]. As in our case, the tracking is managed by a PC software application with a user-friendly graphical interface. The software's design is designed to calculate the circadian orbit of the sun and consequently to move the solar panels to keep the panel surface always perpendicular to the solar rays, thus improving the efficiency of energy production. For example, a new photovoltaic (PV) sun tracker design methodology has been explained and relied on by [14], who used the advantages that the orientation and efficiency of the PV panel offer due to the latitude of the installation zone. They experimentally validated the proposed design methodology and proposed a design methodology via the implementation of a solar tracker with dual axes at a specific location (27.5\({}^{\circ}\) latitude). Their method enables the incorporation of a high-availability, low-accuracy, and low-cost tracking mechanism. From their results, we can conclude that this system increases the collection efficiency by 24% with respect to a fixed device. Based on an orientation efficiency chart, the proposed methodology can be applied to control our solar tracker system. The scientific content of [16] allowed us to get a general idea of the most commonly used solar tracking systems, and we identified the systems that provide benefits such as higher efficiency, higher tracking accuracy, easy installation, and cost-effectiveness. Their study reveals that double axis ST in the form of polar-axis and azimuth/elevation featuring the solar movement models and the dynamic closed-loop feedback control is the most effective and generally gives more than a 40% improvement in energy return compared to fixed PV panels. Moreover, they showed that large systems significantly reduce costs and save on materials. The energy consumed by the moving fixtures is mostly low (2-5% of the collected energy), but this could be higher if no optimization is performed.