# Perceptions of a 'Pelvic-Floor Friendly' Group Exercise Class in Women with Urinary Incontinence
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Quantitative Measures
#### 2.10.3 Health Action Process Approach-Female Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire (HAPA-FUIQ)  
The HAPA-FUIQ is an instrument adapted from the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theoretical framework, used to predict, modify, and explain health behaviours in a wide range of populations [62]. The current instrument has been validated for use in predicting the physical activity behaviours of women who experience urinary incontinence and was chosen for the current study due to its ability, when combined with the data of the other instruments mentioned above, to provide greater insight into UI's influence on women's PA behaviour. The questionnaire consists of the following ten sub-scales, each rated by a seven-point Likert scale with anchors varying according to the content of the scales. 1. Outcome expectancies (OEs). Outcome expectancies were measured by seven items (for example, \"For me, participating in at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity over the next week would be enjoyable\"), with higher scores indicating stronger agreement with the item. 2. Outcome expectancies-urinary incontinence (OEUI). Outcome expectancies (UI Specific) were measured by five items (for example, \"I will be embarrassed due to leaking during physical activity\"). Responses were made on 7-point scales ranging from 1 (Definitely False) to 7 (Definitely True), where lower scores indicate a better status of the responder towards outcome expectancies in relation to UI. 3. Risk perceptions (RPs). Risk perceptions were assessed via four questions (for example, \"If nothing changes in my behaviour, my chance of developing or continuing to have poor mobility in the future is\") on seven-point scales with anchors of \"Very Unlikely\" (1) and \"Very Likely\" (7). Questions are worded so that lower scores indicate a more positive response to the item. Action self-efficacy (ASE). Action self-efficacy was measured via three questions (for example, \"Assuming I am motivated, I am sure that I can change my behaviour to be more physically active even if I find it difficult\"). Responses were made on scales ranging from 1 (Definitely False) to 7 (Definitely True). Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 5. Behaviour intention (BI). Three items assessed behaviour intention (for example, \"I plan to do at least 150 min of at least moderate intensity physical activity over the next week\") with anchors of \"Definitely False\" (1) to \"Definitely True\" (7). Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 6. Action planning (AP). Action planning was assessed with five items (for example, \"I have made a detailed plan about how often I will do physical activity\") with anchors of \"Strongly Disagree\" (1) to \"Strongly Agree\" (7). Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 7. Coping planning (CP). Nine items (for example, \"I have made a detailed plan about what to do if bad weather interferes with my plans\"), with anchors of \"Strongly Disagree\" (1) to \"Strongly Agree\" (7), were used to assess coping planning. Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 8. Maintenance self-efficacy (MSE). Maintenance self-efficacy was assessed via 21 items (for example, \"it takes a lot of effort\") with the stem, \"How confident are you that you will participate in physical activity of at least moderate intensity for 150 min over the next week even if...\". Responses were made on scales ranging from 1 (Very Unconfident) to 7 (Very Confident). Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 9. Recovery self-efficacy (RSE). This sub-scale measured participants' recovery self-efficacy with anchors of \"Very Unconfident\" (1) to \"Very Confident\" (7) with nine items (for example, \"Over the next week how confident are you that you can anticipate problems which may interfere with your planned physical activity session?). Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the item. 10. Action control (AC).