## 3 Materials and Methods
### Usability Testing
#### 3.3.4 Procedure  
The usability testing sessions were conducted at a usability lab. The participants were asked to perform the pre-defined tasks using a laptop with speakers, prepared with NonVisual Desktop Access (NVDA) screen reader. To access the systems, all participants were asked to use their credentials to log into the system. To observe and record the sessions, we used the Morae recorder on the participant's laptop and the Morae observer on the observer's laptop. The observer was sitting in the same room in which the sessions were conducted but with an adequate distance from the participant. As for the materials, both the pre- and post-questionnaires were created using Google forms, which helped us to collect the data from the participants. As for the consent forms, they were translated into braille so participants could read and sign them independently. To build the task scenarios, we selected the three most used functionalities in the Noor, Faris, and iEN systems (besides the log-in task, as described in Section 3.1). For the complete task scenarios, please refer to Tables 4-6. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline
**Task Number** & **Task Scenario** \\ \hline Task 1 (Log in) & You are a teacher in a high/elementary school and now you want to log into your account in the Noor system. \\ \hline Task 2 (Enter skills/grades) & You are a teacher in a high school and you are at the end of the exam period. You just finished correcting five exam papers for a class you teach. You now want to enter the grades of your students into the Noor system. \\ \cline{2-3}  & You are a teacher in an elementary school, it is the end of the skills assessment period. You have just finished correcting one paper for a student in a class you teach that assessed one skill. You now want to enter the grades of this student into the Noor system at the subject and student level. \\ \hline Task 3 (Borrow a book) & You are a teacher in a high school, you are at the beginning of the first semester, and you are preparing your subject curriculum. You know that your school’s library has several materials related to your subject that could be useful in the preparation process. You now want to apply a request to borrow one of these materials using the Noor system \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Noor system task scenarios. Before starting the testing sessions, participants were asked to read and sign the consent form that acknowledged that their participation was voluntary and that the session could be videotaped and used for research purposes only. After this step, pre-questionnaires with basic questions about the profile and background of each participant, as well as their usage of the tested systems, were sent to the participants' mobiles to be filled in. After filling in the questionnaires, the aim and the procedure of the study were explained verbally to all participants. Each participant engaged in three separate test sessions (one for each system), separated by a 10 to 20 min break. The test sessions were conducted in a different order for each participant. During each test session, the moderator read aloud each scripted task scenario, one at a time, to the participant. The tasks within each test session were tested in a different order for each participant. A Morae recorder [39] was used to record the sessions on the participant's laptop, while the Morae observer was used by the observer to watch the participant's actions in real time. For all participants, the first task was the log-in task. The participants were allowed to express their opinions and feedback during and after the execution of tasks. The test sessions lasted between 20 and 50 min. During the testing session, the Noor system was down for almost two hours; because of this, only three participants were able to engage in the Noor test sessions.