# Impact of Digital Transformation on the Energy Sector: A Review
## 3 What is Digital Transformation?
### Digitization, Digitalization, and Digital Transformation
The following examples show that tens of definitions have been proposed for digital transformation [19; 23]:  
* \"Digital transformation applies digital technology to an existing business\". * \"Digital transformation aims to create new businesses\". * \"Digital transformation is the application of Cloud, Mobile, Social and Analytic technologies\". * \"Digital transformation is about changing the company. However, it is not just a change due to the application of new digital technologies and services. It is much more than that\". * \"Digital transformation is not only a technological change but also as an organizational, cultural and managerial one. Digital transformation is about reworking strategies, products and processes by leveraging digital technologies. Digital transformation is really business transformation\". \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Indicator Classification** & **Automation/Digitalization** & **Digital Transformation** \\ \hline Goal & enhancement of operational productivity and efficiency & fundamentally enhancing the company’s competitiveness and boosting its worth. \\ \hline Objectives & operational, solution of tactic problems & strategic and sometimes marketing \\ \hline Role & user, software, and system maintenance & innovative concept generation for addressing business requirements \\ \hline Features & solution and technology with a well-understood set of functions and outcomes, measurements, time limits, and examples of their implementation in other organizations without altering business processes. & solutions based on innovative technology that are exclusive to the firm;There are few instances of introductions; Not usually are the introduction periods well established; The implementation follows the agile development paradigm; It results in changes to corporate procedures or models. \\ \hline Dependence on IT & stoppage of information systems does not result in the cessation of the company’s physical operations. Therefore, it is feasible to switch to the use of hardcopy data carriers. & physical company activity is theoretically impossible without enabling the functioning of the physical reality digital twin. \\ \hline Relation to physical reality & the physical reality is somewhat reflected in the company’s information space. & a digital twin/digital platform is established as the company’s information area. \\ \hline Management & Head of IT department, Chief Information Officer (CIO), etc. & Digital transformation programs are headed by the Chief Digital Officer (CDO), etc. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Key indicators characterizing the notion “digitalization” and “digital transformation” [21]. * \"Digital transformation is the deep transformation of business models and competencies, organizational models, business processes and practices\". These definitions of digital transformation reflect many perspectives on the topic. Technology, customer value, and expected organizational values are some main points that are highlighted in the above definitions. Some focused on digital transformation's aims, while others addressed the related organizational changes. Therefore one can conclude that the digital environment has undergone numerous changes. Additionally, there has been a variety of digital transformations in various domains. Digital transformation of computer hardware and software, communications, commerce, products, relationships, humans, industry, and digital transformation of society are some types of digital transformation that have been addressed by different researchers [19; 24; 25].