esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
# Optimization Dubins Path of Multiple UAVs for Post-Earthquake Rapid-Assessment
## 2 Problem Modeling
### Feasible UAV Path
Figure 2: Sample diagram of a feasible scheme of multi-UAV rapid assessment. target \(V_{l+1}^{k},l=1,2,\ldots,r-1\); and (iii) the path from the exit configuration \(q_{V_{r}^{k}}\) of the last target \(V_{r}^{k}\) to the UAV's configuration at landing depot \(q_{D_{k}}\)'. The total path length, \(d_{R_{k}}\), associated with the feasible path \(R_{k}\) of UAV \(k\) can be calculated as  
\[d_{R_{k}}=d_{q_{D_{k}}J_{V_{1}^{k}}^{k}}^{k}+\sum_{l=1}^{r-1}d_{q_{V_{l}}^{k}J_ {V_{l+1}^{k}}^{k}}^{k}+d_{q_{V_{r}^{k}}^{k}J_{D_{k}}}^{k},k\in U. \tag{4}\]  
In this paper, we assume that each UAV airspeed \(v_{k}\) is constant, so the task completion time of UAV \(k\), can be calculated as  
\[t_{R_{k}}=\frac{d_{R_{k}}}{v_{k}} \tag{5}\]
## 3 System Model and Problem Formulation
### System Model
\(a_{k}\) is equal to any number other than 0, indicating that task \(v_{k}\) was offloaded to the MEC host numbered with that number. Assuming that the previous task of task \(v_{i}\) is \(v_{k}\), it means that there exists a directed edge between \(v_{k}\) and \(v_{i}\), which can be defined as (\(v_{k}\), \(v_{i}\))\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)\(\in\)  
MEC server and the finish time of the previous item. Therefore, the finish time of task \(v_{i}\) on the MEC server numbered m can be defined as:  
\[ \begin{array}{rcl}Finish\_T_{i,m}^{ser}&=&T_{i,m}^{ser}\ +\ T_{i,m}^{ser, wait}\\ &=&T_{i,m}^{ser}\ +\ \max\Bigl{\{}Axail\_T_{i,m}^{ser},Finish\_T_{pre} \Bigr{\}}\end{array}  \tag{8}\]  
In the download and receive phase, the finish time shall be the sum of the download time and the waiting time for the download. The waiting time should include the finish time of the pre-task phase and the earliest available time of the download link. There is only one situation in the preceding phase of a task: the task has been completed on the MEC server. Therefore, the finish time of the download can be defined as:  
\[ \begin{array}{rcl}Finish\_T_{i}^{down}&=&T_{i}^{trans}(1)\ +\ T_{i}^{down\_wait}\\ &=&T_{i}^{trans}(1)\ +\ \max\Bigl{\{}Arail\_T_{i}^{down},Finish\_T_{i,m}^{ser} \Bigr{\}}\end{array}  \tag{9}\]  
We should also consider the energy expenditure aspect. The total energy consumption cost includes computing energy consumption and transmission energy consumption. Since there is no transmission when the task is executed locally, only the computational cost needs to be considered. When offloading a task to the MEC host, there is only the transmission cost for the mobile device. Therefore, the total energy consumption cost of mobile devices can be calculated as:  
\[ \begin{array}{rcl}E_{off}^{all}&=&\sum\limits_{v_{i}\in V,a_{i}}\ E_{i}^{ loc}\ +\ \sum\limits_{v_{i}\in V,a_{i}}\ E_{i}^{trans}\\ &=&\sum\limits_{v_{i}\in V,a_{i}}\ \kappa_{u}\ *\ \left(f_{n}^{loc}\right)^{3}\ *\ T_{i}^{loc}+\ \sum\limits_{v_{i}\in V,a_{i}}\ \sum\limits_{\{1,2\ldots,m\}}\ \left(P_{\text{send}}\ *\ T_{i}^{up}\ +\ P_{\text{rec}}\ *\ T_{i}^{down}\right)\end{array}  \tag{10}\]
# Augmented Reality for PCB Component Identification and Localization
## 4 Materials and Methods
### Experiment 1-Methods
#### 4.2.4 Expected Outcomes  
Experiment 1 aims to evaluate the effectiveness of augmented reality (AR) technology, with the HoloLens(tm) 2 serving as a test case, in improving the speed of PCB component identification compared to traditional methods. The study will explore whether AR systems can significantly reduce the time required for component localization tasks. The findings are expected to highlight the potential of AR technology to enhance operational efficiency and decrease identification times in practical applications. The HoloLens(tm) 2 is an illustrative example of AR's capabilities, offering insights that could extend to other AR platforms in industrial settings.
## 6 Conclusions
It is important to have reliable sources for road distance and road time estimations, particularly in the distribution of goods or in last mile deliveries. Additionally, when distances increase, the inaccuracies incurred by relying on air distances decrease in magnitude, as do the cost differences between the outbound and return trips. For distant node pairs, it is plausible to use rough estimations using the suggested conversion ratio in this paper. Future research can be directed to overcome some of the limitations discussed in Section 5. The maximum distance range for the analyses in this research was 10 km. Beyond this perimeter, further distances can be explored and analyzed in future research. Moreover, since road distances and road times between nodes can change across the day, peak and off-peak hours can be separated to discover their differences in a future analysis. Finally, and most importantly, ACVRP solving algorithms should be tested using the new benchmark instances. The experiments should focus on the differences in the following two solutions and objective function values (OFVs). The first solution is obtained by using a symmetric air distance matrix, and then corresponding asymmetric road distances or time-matrices are applied to the solution to calculate the total cost. For the second solution, asymmetric road distances or road times are used in the first place. The two solutions can be compared for analysis. Conceptualization, K.L. and J.C.; methodology, K.L. and J.C.; software, K.L. ; validation, K.L. and J.C.; formal analysis, K.L. ; investigation, K.L. ; resources, K.L. ; data curation, K.L. ; writing--original draft preparation, K.L. ; writing--review and editing, J.C.; visualization, K.L. ; supervision, J.C.; project administration, J.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This work was partially supported by SL Solution. **Data Availability Statement:** The new ACVRP benchmark instances created in this paper are available online in the Mendeley data repository ([[http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/5](http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/5) db8 mtw4 wg.2]([http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/5](http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/5) db8 mtw4 wg.2)) (accessed on 22 May 2021). **Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to express special thanks to the Representative Director of SL Solution, [PERSON], and the Director of the Research Institute at SL Solution, [PERSON]. SL Solution, the organization in charge of maintenance of the T map API, provided real time road distance and road time information for this study and supported the research. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
# Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) Can Guide Decision-Making in Inland Fisheries Management
## 3 Results
### Fishers' Managerial Proposals  
Regarding whether they consider the fishing legislation for the lake and, more generally, the inland waters of Greece to be sufficient, the majority of fishers responded negatively, expressing beliefs that regulations are not enforced, and relevant inspections are lacking. A small percentage pointed out that there are many ambiguities. Concerning the above, a significant portion (>25%) mentioned that the prohibition period is arbitrarily defined and delayed (each time after the start of the reproductive period of the common carp). Furthermore, 92% of the surveyed fishers expressed a desire for increased law enforcement. The fishers' management proposals for Polyphytos Reservoir included, among others:  
* Conducting stockings mainly with common carp and crayfish.
* Imposing an absolute prohibition on fishing in the lake during the common carp reproduction period. In this context, they propose initiating the prohibition earlier than usual after monitoring the water temperature.
* Conducting inspections to ensure compliance with fishing regulations.
* Staffing the fisheries department of the region with an ichthyologist, or ideally, establishing a management body.
* Updating the registry of fishers to indicate who fishes regularly.
* Providing training for fishers to make them aware of the importance of resource protection.
* Creating infrastructure to facilitate fishing (shore roads, fish ramps, mooring sites), as well as promoting the tourism development of the area (viewing points, kiosks, wooden floating docks).
* Establishing maximum allowable catch limits per professional fisher to prevent over-fishing.
* Providing compensation to professional fishers due to the economic loss they incurred from suspending crayfish fishing.
## 5 Conclusions  
In this paper, we compared the sensitivity of SIF, EVI and NDVI to drought, estimated GPP in Yunnan Province using SIF data, eddy flux data, vegetation type data, and also analyzed the response of GPP to drought in comparison with two other GPP products (GPPGLASS and GPPLUE). The results show that SIF has a stronger correlation with drought than other vegetation indices. The accuracy of GPP based on SIF is higher, which can capture the whole process of drought impact on vegetation more quickly and accurately. It is an effective indicator of the impact of drought on vegetation. In addition, we also found that Eastern Yunnan responds to drought more rapidly than West Yunnan and the recovery time is short. Southeast Yunnan has the most severe drought and GPPd decreases significantly, while West Yunnan is relatively less affected by drought. The spatial variability of GPP response to drought is mainly determined by the degree and duration of drought, vegetation type, topography, elevation, and human factors.  
This extreme drought is a climatic disaster of rapid onset and long duration, the maximum impact of the drought led to a 31.58% reduction in GPP in the province. The vegetation productivity in the vast majority of areas could not be restored to the pre-drought level within one year after the end of the drought. With global warming, extreme drought events will become more frequent. The accurate detection of drought effects on vegetation is important for vegetation conservation, disaster prevention, and mitigation. Moreover, the conclusion of this study about the accurate response of SIF to drought can be used as a case for using SIF as an input parameter in current carbon cycle models. Although this paper only takes Yunnan Province as an example for analysis, the method is also applicable to other regions. There are still many shortcomings in this paper; for example, only one drought index was considered in this study, which is not a completely accurate reflection of drought, and several suitable drought indices should be included to comprehensively assess drought conditions in the future. The accuracy of GPP estimated in this study also needs to be improved; we still need to further improve the GPP estimation model to increase the accuracy of GPP. In addition, this study failed to accurately reflect the values of drought legacy effects of different vegetation communities. Therefore, it can be taken as the main research direction in future studies.  
Conceptualization, C.L. and L.P.; methodology, C.L. and L.P.; software, Y.W. and L.P.; validation, M.Z.; formal analysis, Y.L. and J.C.; investigation, L.L. ([PERSON]), L.L. ([PERSON]) and T.D.; writing--original draft preparation, L.P. and C.L.; writing--review and editing, L.P., C.L. and X.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42161058, 41761083).  
Not applicable.  
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
## 6 Conclusions  
This study performed energy and exergy analyses of three IR-PCFC/GT hybrid systems. The first system is designed for using high-quality heat energy to preheat the anode fuel flow. The second system demonstrates the utilization of high-quality heat energy to preheat a large amount of pressurized air entering the cathode. The third system is designed for splitting the GT exhaust heat for efficient heat management to preheat both fuel and air. Several parametric studies such as air flow rate, U\({}_{\ell}\), S/C, and fuel variation of the best system are conducted to investigate their effects on system performance. The following conclusions can be obtained from this study:  
* The third system (case 3) is considered an appropriate design for IR-PCFC/GT hybrid as it has low exergy destruction and high system efficiency.  
Figure 11: Comparison of methane-, propane-, and butane-fueled PCFC/GT hybrid systems: (**a**) CO production and H\({}_{2}\) production in the reforming process, and (**b**) energy and exergy efficiency.  
* The amount of air flow in a PCFC/GT hybrid system plays an important role in the overall power output. Increasing air stoichiometry from 2 to 4 can significantly reduce energy efficiency from 71 to 51% and exergy efficiency from 77 to 66%. Power consumed by air compressor plays a role in the overall system efficiency.
* S/C is also an important factor in this PCFC/GT hybrid system, because the energy efficiency drops drastically from 71 to 50% when S/C is increased from 2 to 7. Dilution of the reactants causes a decrease in the temperature of each component, a decrease of the power generated by the fuel cell and turbine, and an increase of the total exergy destruction.
* For areas which have limited access to methane and higher access to propane or butane, this study shows that propane and butane are good alternatives to methane. An energy efficiency of 68% and exergy efficiency of 75% for propane- or butane-fueled hybrid systems can be achieved.  
In summary, the results listed above clearly show that a PCFC/GT hybrid system can be considered as an appropriate technology for a power plant due to its high efficiency (>70%). Also, operating the system at low U\({}_{t}\), low air flow rate, and low S/C is recommended.  
Conceptualization, S., C.-J.T. and A.A.A.; methodology, S. and C.-J.T.; software, C.-J.T.; validation, S.; formal analysis, S.; investigation, S. and C.-J.T.; resources, S.; data curation, S.; writing\(-\)original draft preparation, M.B.; writing\(-\)review and editing, M.B. and C.-J.T.; visualization, S.; supervision, S.-W.L., W.W., I.N.G.W. and C.-J.T.; project administration, C.-J.T.; funding acquisition, C.-J.T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research is partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan.  
The data obtained in the study are available upon reasonable request sent to the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
## 6 Joints at Infinity and Sliders
### Point-Hyperplane Frameworks  
A _point-hyperplane framework_ in \(\mathbb{R}^{d}\) is a triple \((G,p,\ell)\) where the vertex set of the graph \(G\) is partitioned into \(V_{P}\) and \(V_{L}\) representing points and hyperplanes, respectively. The edge set \(E\) of \(G\) is then partitioned into \(E_{PP}\), \(E_{PL}\), and \(E_{LL}\) representing point-point distance constraints, point-hyperplane distance constraints, and hyperplane-hyperplane constraints, respectively. The configurations for the points and hyperplanes are given by \(p:V_{P}\to\mathbb{R}^{d}\), and \(\ell=(a,r):V_{L}\to\mathbb{S}^{d-1}\times\mathbb{R}\), where the hyperplane associated with each \(j\in V_{L}\) is defined by \(\{x\in\mathbb{R}^{d}\,:\,\langle a,a_{j}\rangle+r_{j}=0\}\). We assume here that the points \(p(V_{P})\) and hyperplanes \(\ell(V_{L})\) affinely span \(\mathbb{R}^{d}\).  
By taking the derivatives of the constraint equations for \((G,p,\ell)\), we obtain the following linear system of first order constraints (see [42] for details):  
\[\langle p_{i}-p_{j},\dot{p}_{i}-\dot{p}_{j}\rangle =0 (\textit{ij}\in E_{PP}) \tag{6}\] \[\langle p_{i},\dot{a}_{j}\rangle+\langle\dot{p}_{i},a_{j}\rangle+r _{j} =0 (\textit{ij}\in E_{PL})\] (7) \[\langle a_{i},\dot{a}_{j}\rangle+\langle\dot{a}_{i},a_{j}\rangle =0 (\textit{ij}\in E_{LL})\] (8) \[\langle a_{i},\dot{a}_{i}\rangle =0 (\textit{i}\in V_{L}). \tag{9}\]  
where the constraints in (9) arise from the fact that \(a_{i}\in\mathbb{S}^{d-1}\) for each \(i\in V_{L}\). An _infinitesimal motion_ of \((G,p,\ell)\) is a map \((\hat{p},\hat{\ell})\), where \(\hat{\ell}=(\dot{a},\dot{r})\) satisfies this system of linear constraints, and \((G,p,\ell)\) is _infinitesimally rigid_ if the dimension of the space of its infinitesimal motions is equal to \(\binom{d+1}{2}\), the dimension of the space of Euclidean motions in \(\mathbb{R}^{d}\).  
In the following section, we will see that all of the transfer from the sphere through to the slider representation preserves the infinitesimal rigidity properties as well as independence and dependence of the constraints (see also [42]). The converse translation also applies. All of the combinatorial counts and inequalities for rigidity and independence hold, with \(|V|=|V_{P}|+|V_{L}|\) and \(|E|=|E_{PP}|+|E_{PL}|+|E_{LL}|\).
# Research on SWIM Services Dynamic Migration Method +
## 5 Experimental Results and Analysis
### Services Continuity Analysis  
The SWIM service consumer sends a SOAP request to obtain the aeronautical information service. After receiving the request, the service agent in the SWIM uses the SWIM interface to manage the service registration request service registration information, and then selects an SP to provide the service data to the service agent, and starts the SSM method. When the SSM triggers the migration mechanism, the SSM selects the migration destination node according to the triggering reason, and the SWIM sends the service state information to the migration destination node, and the migration destination node establishes a connection with the service proxy, and transmits data to the message queue in the service proxy. The continuity of the SWIM service on the SWIM service consumer perception level is achieved. The interaction process is shown in Figure 9.  
First, the parameters in the method are initialized and the time interval is set to \(Tl\) = 150 s, \(Th\) = 250 s, the update interval for each bit of the pseudo random sequence is 60 s. The pseudo-random sequence output from the shift register is {00000110100101011101011001101011100111011011100}. According to the statistics of the SWIM management center, the migration time and migration nodes are shown in Figure 10.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Name** & **Operation System** & **CPU** & **Memory** \\ \hline SC & Ubuntu 14.04 & i5-4590 3.30 GHz & 4 GB \\ SWIM Access Point & Ubuntu 14.04 & i5-4590 3.30 GHz & 2 GB \\ SP & Ubuntu 14.04 & i5-4590 3.30 GHz & 4 GB \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: The experimental PC hardware configuration.  
Figure 9: SSM method interaction process.  
There are a total of 14 drifts and the total services time is 50 * 60 = 3000 s. During this period, a total of 15 SPs provide services to SWIM respectively. The average exposure time of each server is 200 s, the SWIM service dynamic migration method can be the balance of services continuity, reduces the services time window of the SP. Therefore, it is feasible to use this model to achieve hidden goals and continuous services.
# Kernel-FastICA-Based Nonlinear Blind Source Separation for Anti-Jamming Satellite Communications
## 1 Introduction
This work provides new theoretical and technical foundations for anti-jamming design in satellite communication systems operating in complex electromagnetic environments. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 establishes a nonlinear mixing model and BSS framework for satellite communication systems, with an emphasis on the physical impact of transponder nonlinearities on signal superposition mechanisms. Section 3 systematically elaborates the proposed Kernel-FastICA algorithm, including the design principles of kernel space mapping, mathematical derivation of regularized pre-whitening, and implementation of symmetric fixed-point iteration optimization. Section 4 provides quantitative comparisons between traditional linear BSS methods and the proposed algorithm in terms of SIR, signal correlation coefficients, and computational efficiency, along with the sensitivity analysis of key parameters. Section 5 summarizes the theoretical contributions and engineering value of this research, while outlining future directions such as real-time optimization for onboard hardware deployment and multi-domain collaborative anti-jamming technologies.
# Theoretical Study: High Harmonic Generation by Light Transients
## 2 Method
### Dipole Response Calculation  
For finding the optimum waveform for keV photon generation, we calculated the single-dipole response of He gas in interaction with different waveforms. We chose 15\(\times\)10\({}^{14}\) W/cm\({}^{2}\) peak intensity for the following simulations to keep the total ionization below the critical ionization level of helium [28].  
The time axis for the dipole response calculation was defined in co-moving coordinates as  
\[t_{cmc}=2\pi(-t_{win}\ :\ 1/t_{step}\ :\ t_{win}), \tag{1}\]  
where \(t_{win}=p_{x}c/\lambda\) was calculated from the time axis limits \(p_{x}\) in fs that were to be resolved and \(t_{step}\) determines the number of calculated harmonics. To reduce simulation time, both values should be chosen as low as possible. For this reason, \(t_{win}=40\) fs and \(t_{win}=75\) fs was used for pulses without  
Figure 2: (**a**) Calculated spectral intensity of pulses achievable from an OPCPA based field synthesizer (**top**) and their corresponding Fourier transform limited electric field (**bottom**). (**b**) The electric field of a Gaussian, 5 fs pulses at 800 nm (**left**) and the synthesized pulse from the spectra shown in (**a**) with an energy ratio of 0.3:0.85:1. (**c**) Overlaid HHG spectra of the 5 fs pulses at the central wavelength of 800 nm and 60\({}^{\circ}\) carrier-envelope phase (CEP), and the synthesized pulses at the CEP of 67\({}^{\circ}\), interacting with He (**left**). The spectrogram of the synthesized pulse and the induced rate of ionization (black) in He (**right**).  
and with delay, respectively, and \(t_{step}\) was chosen such that a specific energy of the harmonic radiation could be resolved. The parameters for the time integration in the Lewenstein model were chosen such that contributions of both long and short trajectory electrons are included [25].  
The cutoff energy was taken as the last point in the dipole response spectrum before the intensity drops below \(10^{-23}\) and the harmonic yield was calculated as the maximum of the last peak in the high harmonic spectrum.