## 5 Solution of the Design and Testing
### Positioning and Construction
Point E**} \\ / & & & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-10}
**Take** & **RSSI** & **LQI** & **RSSI** & **LQI** & **RSSI** & **LQI** & **RSSI** & **LQI** & **RSSI** & **LQ** \\ \hline \(p2\) & L & L & L & L & L & L & H & L & L & L \\ \(p3\) & H & L & L & L & L & L & L & L & L \\ \(p4\) & L & L & H & L & L & L & L & L & L \\ \(p5\) & L & L & L According to the substantiated outcomes from practical observations, the fluctuations in the RSSI and LQI intensities manifest a gradual demeanor beyond a radius of approximately 20 m from the reference point, persisting until the 100 m mark. This implies that, within the 20 m radius, precise intensity delineation is achievable. In the formulation of future positioning algorithms, an RSSI intensity exceeding >172 dBm and an LQI index surpassing 60 can be deemed indicative of a specific reference point within the outdoor 20 m radius, as illustrated in Figure 50.  
The label p1 denotes the recorded data at reference point A, with an acquired RSSI value of 174 and an LQI value of 85. In the architectural blueprint for an SM application crafted within this inquiry, a deliberate strategy was conceived, asserting that the unobstructed range spanning 20 m to 50 m outdoors does not pose a susceptibility to connection lapses. This strategic alignment perfectly complements the ZigBee outdoor measurement architecture's application. In confining the two positioning tags within a span of less than 50 m, there arises no imperative for the ZigBee devices to mimic the density requisites of indoor positioning, yet their functionality remains potent for pragmatic applications. Consequently, the entire expanse of the sensing positioning realm is compartmentalized into distinct blocks, with p1 to p6 representing the tag locations. Given that P1 falls within the 20 m radius of the reference point's core, no additional positioning blocks are delineated, as depicted in Figure 51.  
The initial codes of <A, L, L>, <B, L, L>, <D, H, L>, and <E, L, L>, cataloged in position P2, symbolize distinct reference points. The last two codes denote the RSSI and LQI correspondingly, where H signifies high, and L signifies low. If we stipulate that the RSSI is considered high when the average exceeds 172, and the LQI is deemed high when surpassing 60, and vice versa, a set of model rules is thus established through practical measurements, as elucidated in Table 11.  
The precision of positioning in this inquiry does not demand meticulous location identification. Rather, the intent of this manuscript is to comprehend and accomplish the swiftest and most economically efficient deployment in an expansive outdoor setting. Thus, we capitalized on the attributes wherein the RSSI value of ZigBee decelerates beyond a radius of 20 m, and the LQI value diminishes exponentially with the extension of distance. Consequently, we formulated the subsequent outdoor Location Block Mode. The delineation of the 120\({}^{\circ}\) division approach is illustrated in Figure 51.  
Figure 50: The 120\({}^{\circ}\) layout method used to establish a regional segmentation model. This involves determining the signal strength by considering the center of each circle as the focal point and establishing circles labeled A to I, each interconnected with adjacent circles. Within the effective transmission and reception range of ZigBee, set at a signal strength of 100 m, we devised a palace of grid-like blocks. Each grid was partitioned into a square measuring 50 m, precisely aligning with the characteristics sensed using the RSSI and LQI indicators, thus establishing a framework for interpretation. Taking block P1 as an example, the RSSI intensity received at reference point A was most potent in blocks P1, P2, P5, and P6. In contrast, the signals received at reference points B, D, and E, due to their respective distances, experienced a swift decay to a more subdued level. This observation allowed us to infer that the positioning detection point lied within block P1.