# Notarization and Anti-Plagiarism: A New Blockchain Approach
## 5 Proposed Solution  
Solutions have been found that implement only the notarization process or only the anti-plagiarism process. The proposed solution solves both problems of integrating in a single process all the activities necessary for notarization and antiplagiarism, and the problems concerning security and privacy protection through the proposed technological methodologies. The proposed solution consists of a decentralized app that embraces all the previous mentioned functionalities and services, both for notarization and anti-plagiarism. In fact, the ideal solution must perform the notarization process by verifying, which is imperative, that the content submitted for notarization by users is free of plagiarism. As mentioned above, moreover, the anti-plagiarism system must cover as many languages as possible and use both web and database support in order to guarantee with a high degree of reliability that the anti-plagiarism check is carried out correctly. In the following Figure 1 there's the proposed solution schema. The proposed decentralized app prototype includes a frontend that uses a service to manage notarization operations, a service for operations involving anti-plagiarism and a service for generating NFTs (non-fungible tokens) [59] that can be accessed internally using advanced API. The set of public databases, private databases, and repositories required for antiplagiarism checks are external to the proposed solution. Some examples of third-party solutions that can be used in this context are Unicheck [60] and Oxico [61]. Another important element of the prototype is the difficulty switch for selecting the cheapest blockchain to store notarization information and NFTs created with ERC721. The decentralized app also allows for the creation of an NFT from the notarized files, according to ERC-721 (Ethereum request for comments 721) standard [62]. One more key characteristic is the use of a P2P file storage system. In the proposed solution, we implemented this by the use of a decentralized node storage. This is in order to raise the level of privacy assurance, especially for all those files that contain sensitive user data. The use of blockchain technology is able to guarantee data integrity [63]. Experimental tests, in fact, show that audit mechanisms [63; 64] can also increase resistance to data integrity threats such as binding attacks [64], at least as long as quantum computers  
Figure 1: Proposed solution schema. will not be used to crack cryptographic keys [63]. There are several solutions to implement P2P file storage system, such as Internxt [65] and Sia [66]. Regarding the exploitation of blockchain technology within such a system, first of all, by supporting more than one blockchain, a high degree of reliability can be achieved in case of a significant drop in a network of nodes. This will reduce costs and eliminate potential data loss. From a transaction affordability perspective, selecting the network with the lowest transaction cost and scheduling the use of the other two with a low priority result in a low, scheduled cost. Obviously, the cost is greatly reduced compared to the immediate storage operation on all used blockchains. Moreover, it is possible to change the notarization process according to the type of blockchains when the mining difficulty increases, with a heavy saving in transaction costs. If one of the blockchains becomes saturated, a switching mechanism of the primary network to be used is applied. For example, in 2017, when BTC reached USD 21,000, average transaction fees exceeded USD 62 [67] due to the massive number of purchase requests; in this case, the difficulty of the network was very high due to the high number of transactions required, so the transaction costs rose exponentially.