## 4 Discussion  
The search for the development of new micro- and macro-geometries of implants which aim to improve and/or accelerate osseointegration has been a constant research topic in implantology worldwide. However, biological factors involved in the process are poorly considered, such as the intensity of the trauma generated during the surgical maneuvers resulting from each event, especially the steps of drilling and implant installation. It is known that the primary stability of the implants is considered fundamental for osseointegration [25; 26; 27] and, that there is a high probability of failure in implants (~32%) presenting inadequate initial stability [28]. The achievement of adequate primary stability is directly influenced by bone tissue strength (density), macrogeometry of the implant, and the surgical technique used [26; 27; 28; 29]. Recent studies have shown that decompression of bone tissue by creating healing chambers with the use of an undersized drilling technique may improve the osseointegration process, however, this technique may compromise the implant's fixation force (stability) on the bone. Then, a new implant macrogeometry was developed where healing chambers were created in the threads, and the purpose of this study was to compare different variables (ISQ, BIC%, BAFO%, and RTv). For this, we compared the conventional implant macrogeometry with the new implant macrogeometry during the initial phase of osseointegration, at 15 and 30 days after the installation in the bone. The initial hypothesis, that this implant design does not change the values of initial stability, was proven and, the increase of the torque removal, BIC%, and BAFO% values in the tested samples, regardless of whether the surface is treated, showed that this macrogeometry with healing chambers generates a positive influence on the osseointegration process during the early time tested. Other studies have demonstrated the efficacy of healing chambers, however, most of them reported the possibility that there was a decrease in the primary stability of the implants by the technique (undersized drilling) of these spaces (healing chambers) inside the implants' threads [22; 23]. In the measurements obtained in our study there were no statistical differences (\(p<0.05\)) between the two models of implants tested regarding the primary stability values. The intensity of surgical trauma during implant procedures maneuvers may vary during the drilling or insertion of the implant, as was demonstrated in our previous studies where NF-kB, which is a transcription factor involved in controlling the expression of several genes linked to the inflammatory response, was measured [30]. The excess trauma caused by the inadequate drilling process or the excess compression of the bone tissue during implant installation was reported in some studies [20; 31; 32]. The bone tissue has its elasticity limitation according to its density, which can dissipate the stress caused by the insertion torque of the implant [33], which indicates that the bone can withstand a certain amount of compression. Thus, this justifies the possibility of applying a high torque with great initial stability until the implant obtains its biological stability. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that in case the bone tissue is damaged by excessive compression, excessive trauma during osteotomy, the bone may undergo necrosis, causing the implant to lose its stability. In this sense, the new implant design proposed and analyzed in the present study considered the possibility of obtaining an adequate primary stability without generating and/or decreasing the degree of bone compression after its insertion, as shown schematically by the image in Figure 14. In implants with conventional threads, condensation of bone tissue will always occur, whereas in the implant model with healing cameras, these bone particles take place to lodge thereby decreasing compression.