## 3 Results
### Synthesis and Resynthesis: The Statements and Their Dimensions, Constructs and Factors
#### 3.3.3 Social Approach  
* Company Engagement  
System integration promotes communication between different levels of the company (and between manufacturing plants), which supports the development and strength of the company's values and corporate culture [21]. A digital culture, with associated training, may be a challenge for companies [20], especially at the early stage of Industry 4.0 implementation. Many people are afraid that digital solutions and digital technologies may result in a loss of jobs [20]. Some employees have lost their jobs due to insufficient knowledge of digital technologies [20], and some employees have damaged sensors and interface devices or refused to follow the instructions [20]. On the other hand, there are digital technology solutions developed by companies to address career sustainability issues arising from machines replacing humans [18] and to ensure a safer workplace, leading to a decrease in workplace accidents and an increase in employee morale, as well as making work easier [20]. The increased use of digital technologies creates new jobs with a different profile [20], where the major challenge is finding and retaining creative people and people with strong analytical skills [20]. As digital technologies develop dynamically, training keeps employees up to date [20]. * Performance Measurement Methodology  
There should be a guideline for determining the performance of smart industries with regard to social sustainability [18]. The existing tools and methods should establish a reliable approach for \"social sustainability and smart manufacturing\", together with standard social sustainability assessment metrics regarding the IoT technologies implementation agreed upon by the company, as mentioned by [PERSON] [21] in relation to environmental sustainability. * Performance Indicators Implementation  
Employees should continuously adapt to the new restrictions imposed on job options due to industrial innovation, and they should be able to understand the information and use information from various sources related to various subjects to maintain a career and upgrade their abilities to perform new tasks, via continuous education [18]. New skilled and trained employees are needed to apply IoT technologies effectively [18]. New profiles of employees are immediately required for positions related to the application of digital technologies [21]. Manual work is reduced in favor of cognitive and analytical skills, fundamentally linked to information technologies and data analysis [21]. * Social Sustainability Practices  
IoT technologies trigger the development of jobs in different areas, for example, automation engineering, control system configuration, artificial intelligence and software engineering, as well as reducing most types of lower-skilled jobs [20]. Smart grids allow machines to communicate and make small decisions without human intervention [18]. Machine communication and negotiation pave the way and increase the demand for new jobs, where humans are focused on designing, developing and maintaining this network of machines [18]. IoT technologies offer employees better and safer working conditions [18]. The IoT helps to improve equipment and operator safety through better maintenance solutions and by providing real-time hazard warnings [21]. In the smart shop floor, machines work hand in hand with humans, observing them and learning from them in a way very similar to an apprentice, complementing humans rather than replacing them, offering labor career sustainability [18]. However, it is still argued that IoT technologies lead to a shrinking of the human workforce, thus reducing job opportunities and increasing unemployment. This may result in resistance against adopting Industry 4.0 initiatives [18]. A company can implement big-data-driven systems and IoT technologies for a better division of labor between humans and smart machines, to address the security, privacy and ethical issues introduced by smart manufacturing networks [18].