## 3 Samples and Methods  
### Sample Preparation  
A total of seven source rock samples were selected from four sets of source rocks, including the Triassic Huangshanjie (T\({}_{3}\)_h_) source rocks, Triassic Taliqike (T\({}_{3}\)_t_) source rocks, Jurassic Yangxia (J\({}_{1}\)_y_) source rocks, and Jurassic Kezilenuer (J\({}_{2}\)_k_z) source rocks, with burial depths ranging from 3220.8 m to 5310.0 m. TOC and HI values were provided by the Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina (Beijing, China). TOC values were run on the samples as the standard of screening and the selected samples with high TOC values are shown in Table 1. A total of five reservoir oil samples were selected from the Jurassic reservoirs (J\({}_{1}\)_y_ and J\({}_{1}\)_a_ Formation) in the Dbei area (Table 1, data were provided by the Tarim Oilfield, PetroChina). A total of eight core samples with high values of Grains containing Oil Inclusions (GOIs) from the J\({}_{1}\)_y_ Formation and J\({}_{1}\)_a_ Formation were selected from the oil-bearing rocks [64; 65], which were dominated by almost the same type of oil inclusions assemblage (OTA) [66]. The  
Figure 2: Generalized Paleozoic-Cenozoic stratigraphic map of the northern Kuqa Foreland Basin (modified from [PERSON] et al., 2016 [63]), illustrating tectonic evolution stages and the position of selected samples and major petroleum system elements, including four sets of source rocks, reservoirs, and cap rocks. proportions of two types of oil inclusion assemblages (OIAs) containing dominantly yellow fluorescing color or dominantly blue fluorescing color in the same sample are shown in Table 1. The stable carbon isotope data of gas are provided from Tarim Oilfield, PetroChina. Crushed core samples were cleaned sequentially to obtain extracts of the source rocks and inclusion oils following the procedure proposed by [PERSON] et al. (2014) [67]. Following the standards of Molecular Composition of Inclusion (MCI) protocols [20,68], the extraction of the inclusion oils, reservoir oils, and source rock extracts was tested by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The extracts of oils were quantitatively fractionated into saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, resin, and asphaltene (SARA), and 5\(\alpha\) androstane and deuterated monadamantane (AD16) were used as analytical standards. The saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, and resins were rinsed with _n_-hexane, dichloromethane/_n_-hexane (2:1), and methanol (10% dichloromethane), respectively. Before the separation of the four groups of factions, asphaltene was first precipitated using 40-fold concentrated _n_-hexane as the solvent. The filtrate was concentrated to a volume of approximately 1 mL by rotary evaporation. Resins and asphaltene were weighted, and saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons were weighed after the GC-MS analysis. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis of the source rock extracts and oil extracts was performed using an Agilent 7890B GC instrument fitted with an HP-5 column, a 30 m \(\times\) 0.32 mm i.d., 0.25 \(\upmu\)m film thickness, and nitrogen with a constant flow was used as the carrier gas. After GC analysis, saturated hydrocarbon was separated into _n_-, _iso_-, and _cyclo_-alkanes using urea as the complex agent. GC-MS analysis of _iso_- and _cyclic_-alkanes was performed using an Agilent 5975B/6890N GC-MSD equipped with an HP-5 MS column with 30 m \(\times\) 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 \(\upmu\)m film thickness. Terpanes and steranes were quantified on _m_/_z_ 191 and _m_/_z_ 217 mass chromatograms using internal 5\(\upalpha\) androstane as a standard. Aromatic components were analyzed using an Agilent 5975B/6890N GC-MSD equipped with an HP-5 MS column with 60 m \(\times\) 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 \(\upmu\)m film thickness. Aromatic fractions were quantified on _m_/_z_ 50-550 chromatograms using dibenzothiophene-d8 as an internal standard. The carbon isotope compositions of individual _n_-alkanes were analyzed using the GV IsoPrime GC-IRMS (Agilent-6890-Isoprim (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA))