# Developing Standard BIM Execution Plans for Complex Construction Projects
## 6 Conclusions  
This study embarked on an extensive exploration of building information modeling (BIM) execution plans (BEPs) within the mega construction sector, revealing critical insights into the current practices, challenges, and the imperative need for standardized processes. Through the administration of a comprehensive questionnaire among 87 industry professionals, the study highlighted a strong consensus on the essential nature of structured and standardized BEPs to effectively tackle the complexities of large-scale projects.  
**The findings underscore several key points:**  
**Critical Importance of BEPs:** The survey data demonstrate a notable consistency in the perceived significance of various sections of BEPs, irrespective of respondents' levels of experience. The Management and Project Goals/BIM Uses sections consistently received high importance ratings, emphasizing the necessity of organized management and well-defined objectives in navigating the intricacies of mega projects.  
**Challenges and Gaps:** Despite the acknowledged importance of BEPs, the study revealed significant gaps in their early integration and uniformity across projects. These misalignments can lead to inefficiencies and a lack of coherence in project implementation. The feedback from the survey indicated a need for substantial improvements in aligningBEPs with local standards, improving document management, and promoting collaborative practices.  
**Proposed Framework:** To address these challenges, the study developed a comprehensive BEP framework based on empirical data and professional feedback. This framework integrates best practices from 36 BEP documents sourced from diverse international organizations, ensuring global applicability while allowing for regional customization. Key elements of the framework include detailed management structures, project goals, roles and responsibilities, collaboration procedures, model structure, and quality control measures.  
**Validation and Practical Application:** The proposed framework was validated through empirical data collected from industry professionals. The practical implementation steps outlined in the study, including stakeholder engagement, training programs, and regular quality audits, provide a roadmap for practitioners to enhance collaboration, reduce inefficiencies, and improve project outcomes in real-world projects.  
**Future Research Directions:** While this study makes significant contributions to the field of BIM implementation, continuous efforts are required to ensure the effective application of BEPs across different project stages and contexts.  
In conclusion, this research contributes to the ongoing discussion on enhancing BIM implementation in large-scale construction by presenting a novel, empirically validated framework for the standardization of BEPs. By addressing both global and regional challenges, this framework enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of project management in the AECO industry, laying the groundwork for more efficient, collaborative, and technology-integrated construction project management.  
Conceptualization, A.M.A. and A.S. ([PERSON]); Data curation, A.M.A. and K.S.; Formal analysis, A.M.A. and K.S.; Funding acquisition, A.M.A.; Investigation, A.M.A. and K.S.; Methodology, A.M.A.; Project administration, A.M.A.; Resources, A.M.A. and A.A.A.; Software, A.M.A. and K.S.; Supervision, A.M.A. and A.S. ([PERSON]); Validation, A.M.A., K.S., A.A.A., A.S. ([PERSON]) and A.S. ([PERSON]); Visualization, A.M.A., K.S. and A.A.A.; Writing--original draft, A.M.A. and K.S.; Writing--review and editing, A.M.A., K.S., A.A.A., A.S. ([PERSON]) and A.S. ([PERSON]). All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2024R590), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the corresponding authors on request.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.