## 4 Results
### Composition of the Off-List Words  
When the target corpus removed word types and tokens of the function words, CEFR A2 level words, and CEFR B1 level words, there remained 734 word types and 1833 tokens that did not belong to the aforementioned three-word classification criteria and were defined as the off-list words. The word types of the off-list words account for 13.4% of word types of the target corpus, and the tokens of the off-list words account for 2.3% of tokens of the target corpus. In order to explore the composition of the off-list words, based on prior studies [e.g., 33,41], the researcher implemented vocabulary taxonomy. Based on each off-list word's literal meanings and functions in the test items, three raters conducted classification tasks. Because the off-list words (N = 734) were not in large quantity, during the process of classification, the raters, through cross-check and discussion methods, distinguished the vocabulary into five major categories: (1) other EGP words (including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs), (2) Names, (3) Countries/Locations, (4) Military, and (5) Medical. The definitions, functions, and example sentences were retrieved from MOEPT database (i.e., the target corpus) through the interface of Key Word in Context Index (KWIC) on AntConc 3.5.9 [40]. This information is described in (1) to (5) as follows. 1. Other EGP words: When an EGP word belongs neither to CEFR A2 level nor to B1 level word lists, it is regarded as a high-intermediate- or advanced-level noun (1-1), verb (1-2), adjective (1-3), adverb (1-4), proper noun (1-5), and contemporary gadget (1-6). 1-1 How do you reduce carbon **emissions? ** [retrieved from TEST-03]. 1-2 Most researchers **attributed** the soaring price to the greater use of American corn for making biofuel. [retrieved from TEST-06]. 1-3 His report is **incomprehensible**. [retrieved from TEST-08]. 1-4 They met **coincidently**. [retrieved from TEST-11]. 1-5 In an **El Niino** phenomenon, the surface water in the eastern Pacific Ocean, near the coast of Peru, gets unusually warm. [retrieved from TEST-1]. 1-6 Does the **iPhone** 5 carry any guarantee? [retrieved from TEST-6]. 2. Names: The function of a name is to make the test questions have situational effects so that test-takers can understand the conditions and timing to properly use vocabularies (2-1, 2-2). Additionally, some test questions also adopted celebrities' biographies or short introductions as contents of short reading comprehension passages (2-3). 2-1 Why did you break up with **[PERSON]**? [retrieved from TEST-6]. 2-2 **[PERSON]** doesn't live with his family. He lives alone in Taipei. [retrieved from TEST-10]. 2-3 **[PERSON]**, also known as the [PERSON], lived from 1925 until 2013. [retrieved from TEST-5]. 3. Countries/Locations: The categories of countries/locations and names have a similar function. Countries/locations are used to increase the situational effects in test questions, so that test-takers can understand the geographical cultures (3-1), national characteristics (3-2), and usage of geographical locations (3-3). 3-1 [PERSON] is deep into **Chinese** calligraphy. [retrieved from TEST-7]. 3-2 A lot of people in **Africa** are suffering from famine. [retrieved from TEST-10]. 3-3 I do not live in **Kaohsiung** so I have to commute from **Pingtung** to **Kaohsiung** every day. It takes me about 40 min. [retrieved from TEST-2]. 4. Military: As mentioned earlier, in order to cultivate English communication abilities among cadets to enable them to handle global affairs during their future careers, military-domain English vocabulary is an important issue in English curricula in the Taiwan military academy. Hence, the functions of the military are included in test questions to enable cadets to acquire U.S. military English usages, such as military ranks and branches (1-1), units (1-1, 1-2), and weapon systems nomenclatures (1-3). 4-1 **Caption** [PERSON] is in charge of the **infanty company**. [retrieved from TEST-9]. 4-2 Who is your new **platoon** leader?