## 3 Results  
The analysis of the soil collected from the industrial site revealed that the soil was contaminated with 8500 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) DW (dry weight) soil of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and 5200 mg kg\({}^{-1}\) DW of PAHs. Concentration values for the individual PAHs and hydrocarbon fractions were (mg kg\({}^{-1}\) DW soil): naphthalene = 120; acenapthene = 78; fluorine = 82; phenanthrene = 500; anthracene = 140; fluoranthene = 830; pyrene = 570; benzo(a)anthracene = 550; chrysene = 520; benzo(b)fluoranthene = 570; benzo(k)fluoranthene = 250; benzo(a)pyrene = 400; dibenzo(a.h)anthracene = 89; benzo(ghi)perylene = 220; indeno(1.2.3-cd)pyrene = 240; sum of 10 PAH-VROM = 3800; C10-C12 hydrocarbon fraction = 100; C12-C16 hydrocarbon fraction = 380; C16-C21 hydrocarbon fraction = 2400; and C21-C40 hydrocarbon fraction = 5600. At the end of the experiment, prior to their interpretation, soil contaminant concentrations were corrected to take into account the \"dilution factor\" resulting from the application of the organic amendments. Contaminant concentrations at the end of the experiment are shown in Table 2. Statistically significant differences were detected for the \"Plant x Bioaugmentation\" interaction: values of TPHs were significantly lower in bioaugmented planted pots than in non-bioaugmented planted pots; by contrast, values of total-PAHs were higher in bioaugmented planted pots than in non-bioaugmented planted pots. Similarly, statistically significant differences in contaminant concentrations were detected for the \"Plant x Amendment\" interaction: in planted pots, the addition of dried cow slurry resulted in higher values of total-PAHs with respect to (i) pots amended with composted horse manure and (i) unamended controls (and also with respect to unplanted pots amended with dried cow slurry). In any case, it was concluded that the applied treatments failed at reducing the concentrations of the target soil contaminants (TPHs and PAHs) since, at the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences among treatments, including the untreated control (unplanted, non-bioaugmented control). Then, the observed reduction in contaminant concentrations, compared to the initial values (see above), was most likely due to soil manipulation, not to the applied remediation treatments. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Treatment** & & **TPHs** & **Total-PAHs** & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** & **9** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Bosegmented} & Control & \(303\pm 23\) & \(133\pm 6\) & \(220\pm 7\) & \(44\pm 45\) & \(107\pm 23\) & \(127\pm 12\) & \(2033\pm 8\) & \(97\pm 14\) & \(273\pm 9\) & \(1200\pm 468\) & \(2133\pm 89\) \\  & Compound & \(317\pm 12\) & \(138\pm 7\) & \(200\pm 9\) & \(50\pm 5\) & \(120\pm 3\) & \(138\pm 7\) & \(2115\pm 70\) & \(124\pm 18\) & \(338\pm 93\) & \(200\pm 154\) & \(1708\pm 12\) \\  & Cow slurry & \(293\pm 24\) & \(125\pm 11\) & \(205\pm 11\) & \(43\pm 4\) & \(107\pm 5\) & \(125\pm 11\) & \(1900\pm 174\) & \(89\pm 15\) & \(251\pm 20\) & \(1045\pm 119\) & \(1786\pm 27\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Plant (P)} & ns & ns & ns & 0.011 & 0.029 & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns \\  & 0.046 & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns \\  & Amendment (A) & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns \\  & \(P\times\)B & 0.021 & 0.024 & 0.032 & ns & ns & ns & 0.011 & ns & ns & ns & 0.012 \\  & P\(\times\)A & 0.003 & 0.005 & 0.002 & 0.048 & 0.005 & 0.004 & 0.001 & 0.001 & 0.026 & ns & ns \\  & \(\rm{B\times A}\) & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns \\  & \(\rm{P\times B\times A}\) & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns & ns \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._On the other hand, significantly higher values of plant DW were observed in pots amended with dried cow slurry, compared to pots amended with compost horse manure or unamended controls (Figure 1).