## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Hardware Description  
Figure 1 shows the workflow of the hardware involved in the experiments. The PV panel used was a PEIMAR SG340P, the modules of which were produced from polycrystalline silicon, which represents suitable versatility and efficiency. These panels are frequently employed in commercial, residential and industrial installations. Since the structural design is focused on the lightness and robustness, it has high stiffness and a feasible installation. Supplementary technical information about this device is detailed in Table 1.  
The temperature and irradiation were measured with a silicon external sensor from the manufacturer Ingenieurburo Si-V-10 TC-T, which is reliable for PV variables monitoring. This module is formed of a monocrystalline silicon solar cell that is connected to a shunt. It is also capable of correcting the measurements due to an active temperature compensator, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Properties** & **Values** & **Units** \\ \hline Dimensions & \(156\times 156\) & mm \\ Maximum power & 340 & W \\ Open circuit voltage & 45.2 & V \\ Max power voltage & 36.7 & V \\ Max power current & 9.28 & A \\ Number of cells in series & 6 & unit \\ Number of cells in parallel & 12 & units \\ \(I_{sc}\) & 9.9 & A \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Peimar SG340P Specifications. Figure 1: Software–hardware workflow diagram. which works through a sensor that is laminated to the back surface of the module. As a consequence of this action, it provides additional information about the temperature. Both measured signals are transmitted as voltage variations in the range of 0-10 V. Further details are provided in Table 2.  
Regarding the boost converter, a TEP-192 produced by the research group of Huelva University (Spain) was implemented in this case. This device has a PWM switching input of 20 kHz for the control process and works with input/output signals of 0-10 V. The module has two Schottky diodes MURF1560 GT, 2 TK capacitances (1500 \(\upmu\)F and 3000 \(\upmu\)F), six PVC2-564-08 inductances and an HGT40N60B3 IGBT. Voltage and current lectures are provided in signals from 0 to 10 V. Additional technical data on this converter are described in Table 3.  
To close the electric circuit, an 8500B by BK Precision was used since it is a DC programmable load with wide flexibility and it is suitable for testing and evaluating DC power sources such as DC-DC boost converters, batteries, chargers and especially for PV panels. This programmable resistance includes reverse polarity protection to protect the system from temperature, power, voltage and current overruns. The technical specifications are presented in Table 4.  
In the acquisition and control signal generation, a dSpace DSP1104 was linked because it is convenient hardware for collecting and generating analog signals, which vary between 0 and 10 V. Additionally, external software designed in Simulink can be embedded for control purposes. This platform also supports Real-Time-Interface (RTI) and ControlDesk, where the latter is the software used for observing data in real time. All the experiments were carried out with a sampling frequency of 10 kHz as this satisfies the requirements for the quality of the data acquired and the hardware limitations. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Properties** & **Values** & **Units** \\ \hline Power & 300 & \\ Rated Voltage & 500 & V \\ Rated Current & 15 & A \\ Input Voltage & 0–150 & V \\ Input Current & 0–15 A & A \\ Resistance range & 0.05–10 & \(\Omega\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: BK 8500B Specifications. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Properties** & **Values** & **Units** \\ \hline Voltage supply & 12 to 28 & VDC \\ Irradiance measurement range & Up to 1500 & W/m\({}^{2}\) \\ Temperature measurement range & \(-\)40 to 90 & \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Ingenieurbiro Si-V-10 TC-T Specifications.