# Multimedia Vision for the Visually Impaired through 2D Multiarray Braille Display
## 4 Implementation and Results
Some of them focus on people who are either blind or have a reading disability. We see that the DAISY format has been investigated in most studies, especially for people with reading disabilities. Unlike EPUB, DAISY is an essential format for the VI users. However, [PERSON] et al. [6] and [PERSON] [12] did not develop the DAISY reader. EPUB has been excluded from most studies, although, as mentioned above, EPUB books are the most representative eBooks and are abundantly available. Thus, it is very good feature supporting EPUB eBooks. Only [PERSON]'s and the proposed methods consider braille translation and braille figure expression among these studies. In the case of mobility, studies conducted on mobile OS such as Android and iOS show a positive mobility. However, only the method by [PERSON] and the proposed method in this study have considered braille translation and braille figure expression among these studies. Furthermore, since studies based on mobile OS such as Android and iOS have reported positive mobility, this study deeply examined the DAISY reader application for VI users, in addition to supporting EPUB books, printing translated braille, braille figures, device compatibility, and portability through Android-based OS, as shown in Table 5.  
Figure 15: Process of the eBook reader application  
This study attempted to go beyond the applications listed in Table 5. Unfortunately, however, the braille device has not been developed yet. Nevertheless, to reduce the existing issues in the currently marketed braille displays, which are the original objectives of our study, Table 6 compares the important factors discussed herein. Blitab [16], which has attracted the attention of not only the VI but also the media although it has not yet been marketed, has a mild panning problem as a 2D braille display. Therefore, images can be presented and real-time interaction with other non-disabled people is possible with the screen on the device. However, it is not known whether DAISY and EPUB are supported because there are no details yet. BrailleSense Polaris and U2 [17] are among the best braille displays currently available in the market, offering various compatibilities for audio, video (extracted audio), document, and eBook formats. However, due to the limitations of their 1D braille display, they have the panning problem and, hence, cannot display braille images. However, they have stronger compatibility than the other devices. Moreover, they require enabling real-time sharing with non-disabled people indirectly using a smartphone, tablet, and PC. BrailleNote Touch 32 braille notetaker [18] has an impressive touchscreen keyboard but suffers from poor panning and cannot display braille images, because of its 1D braille display. However, since the device consists of a tablet touchscreen and a braille pad, it is possible to share information directly with the non-disabled. While DAISY is supported by default, EPUB can be downloaded and used from the Google Play App or through a web browser such as Chrome in Android OS. Figure 16: Implementation of figure expression using multi-array braille (\(50\times 50\)). Braille pages created after positioning and combining translated braille and tactile graphics [19].