## 3 Results and Discussion  
The measurements of storage solutions were carried out at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The dielectric spectrum of the storage-medium in comparison with fresh CPDA in the frequency band 0.5-40 GHz is presented in Figure 1a. Figure 1a shows the typical dielectric spectra of the storage medium (dielectric spectrum of sample C is plotted) versus fresh CPDA. The relaxation time \(\tau\), the broadening parameter \(\alpha\), and the relaxation amplitude \(\Delta\varepsilon\) of water for fresh/pure and stored medium are demonstrated in Table 1 and Figure 2.  
In Figure 2, dielectric features of water molecules for all tested fluids are presented. It is shown that dielectric parameters of fresh/pure CPDA-1 and storage-medium that separated from PRBCs units are different. In Table 1, we summarized the obtained averaged dielectric parameters. For all samples of the stored-medium, the dominant feature is the significant increase of the dielectric strength \(\Delta\varepsilon\) and decrease the relaxation time \(\tau\) in comparison with the fresh medium CPDA-1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Medium**} & **Relaxation Time, \(\tau\), Picoseconds (mean \(\pm\) SEM)** & **Broadening Parameter, \(\alpha\) (mean \(\pm\) SEM)** & **Relaxation Amplitude, \(\Delta\varepsilon\) (mean \(\pm\) SEM)** \\ \hline CPDA-1 (from stored units) & \(8.24\pm 0.04\) & \(0.975\pm 0.003\) & \(62.83\pm 0.8\) \\ CPDA-1 (fresh) & \(8.40\pm 0.04\) & \(0.998\pm 0.003\) & \(59.97\pm 0.77\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The mean values of relaxation times \(\tau\), the broadening parameter \(\alpha\), and the relaxation amplitude \(\Delta\varepsilon\) of water for fresh CPDA-1 and stored-medium. Each datum is the mean \(\pm\) SEM from six repeated measurements. Figure 1: (**a**) Dielectric spectra of fresh citrate phosphate dextrose adenine solution (CPDA-1) (dot line) and the storage-medium for sample C (black line). (**b**) Dielectric spectra of membrane-containing (H) (dot line) and membrane-free (MF-H) (black line) hemostates for sample C.  
Changes in dielectric response of water, observed in this study, can be assigned to alteration of ions and dipoles concentration that occur during the storage in the medium in the PRBC unit. We can assume that alteration of Na+/K+ balance, decreasing of pH, and formation of lactate ion in the medium (during the storage) can cause disarrays of the H-bond network of water. In this case, the water's main relaxation peak shifts to lower relaxation times [50]. In parallel, the accumulation of cytokines, arachidonic acid, and free hemoglobin can induce ordering the H-bond network of water. It shifts the water main relaxation peak to the lower frequencies or higher relaxation times [50]. In this regard, special attention must be paid to the possible effect of the accumulation of MDA in the storage-medium. This is since the molecule of MDA molecule is small, polar, and highly water-soluble [50], and its accumulation in solution [2] should decrease water relaxation time as it was obtained in the experiment. In this table, we show the average values of the primary dielectric parameters (that obtained for three samples of PRBC) for both types of hemolysates. Each value is presented as a median from six repeated measurements with standard error values. We have not observed a significant difference (pair test) between dielectric features that characterized water behavior in membrane-containing and membrane-free hemolysates. As can be seen from Table 2, the presence of membranes does not affect the dielectric response of water in hemolysates. Thus, we can conclude that changes in the intracellular ionic composition can be attributed to the highest factors determining the dielectric response of water molecules in the cytoplasm of RBC. The phenomenon we discovered can be explained in the following way.