## 5 Conclusions and Outlook  
This paper investigates the application of DBF technology in the signal processing flow of LEO satellite broadcast signal reception terminals. The study focuses on the theoretical validation and process design of a beam control method that combines prior information with spatial search and a beamforming algorithm based on lookup tables. The beamforming results are experimentally validated and analyzed. The experimental results show that the measured beamforming sensitivity at all incident angles is below \(-133\) dBm and the G/T values are all greater than \(-9\) dB/K, the beam uniformity at three operating angles is \(-10\) dB/K. Figure 23: Sidelobe level variation curve with amplitude error when both amplitude and phase errors are present. Figure 24: Beam pointing deviation variation curve with phase error when both amplitude and phase errors are present. frequencies is less than 3\({}^{\circ}\), and the measured errors in pitch and azimuth angles are both below 2\({}^{\circ}\). The beam pointing error is also below 2\({}^{\circ}\). Although the proposed DBF algorithm performs well in LEO satellite reception experiments, there remain areas for improvement:  
(1) Lookup Table Dependency: The current beamforming relies on lookup tables, which may encounter issues such as excessive computational demands or delayed parameter updates in large-scale arrays and complex environments. Future work could explore integrating machine learning methods to develop more intelligent beamforming algorithms, reducing computational complexity and enhancing real-time performance. (2) Accuracy and Stability in High-Dynamic Environments: Beam control precision and stability remain challenging, especially when errors exist in prior information or attitude data, potentially causing significant pointing errors. Introducing real-time feedback mechanisms and multi-sensor fusion technologies could further enhance tracking accuracy and stability. (3) Expanding Experimental Scenarios: Current experiments are limited to relatively simple environments with constrained angular ranges and frequencies. Broader validation in complex real-world scenarios, particularly under challenging electromagnetic environments, is essential to evaluate the system's interference resistance and performance stability. DBF technology has broad prospects in LEO satellite signal reception. With continuous technological development and innovation, its application scope will expand further, providing robust technical support for the future development of satellite communications and navigation applications. Conceptualization, J.L. ; methodology, H.S. and J.L. ; software, H.S., K.H. and Z.W. ; validation, R.C., K.H. and Z.W. ; formal analysis, H.S. ; investigation, X.L. ; resources, J.L. ; data curation, H.S. and X.L. ; writing\(-\)original draft preparation, H.S. ; writing\(-\)review and editing, Z.W. ; visualization, R.C. ; supervision, J.L. ; project administration, J.L. ; funding acquisition, J.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This work was funded by Research and Engineering Demonstration of Key Technologies for the Intelligent Construction of DaHaiZe Coal Mine-Research and Application of Underground Vehicle Intelligent Connected Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperation (CSUR) (C  
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