## 3 Results and Discussion
### Investigation of the Apple Wines
#### 3.2.2 Volatile Compounds from Apple Wines
Interestingly, phenolic compounds were not identified as part of the _I  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline  & **Ethanol** & **Residual Sugar** & **Tittatable Acid § [FOOTNOTE:§  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Compound**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**RI [DBS]\({}_{\text{op}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**RI [DBS]\({}_{\text{op}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**RI [DBS]\({}_{\text{op}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**RI [DBS]\({}_{\text{in}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] Mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] Mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)]} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)] Mean \(\pm\) SD [log L\({}^{-1}\)]} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Significance**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{_acids_} & & & & & & & & & \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_-methyl_butanol acid} & 823 & 835 & \(8.0\pm 12.^{\epsilon}\) & \(12.1\pm 0.8^{\epsilon}\) & \(13.6\pm 0.6^{\epsilon}\) & \(11.25\pm 0.2^{\epsilon}\) & \(132\pm 11.^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_2-methyl_butanol acid} & 835 & 866 & \(101.21^{\epsilon}\) & \(186.6\pm 0.3^{\epsilon}\) & \(307\pm 2.5^{\epsilon}\) & \(1730\pm 127^{\epsilon}\) & \(274\pm 25\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_hematoic acid_} & 999 & 949 & \(403\pm 55.7^{\epsilon}\) & \(357\pm 22.^{\epsilon}\) & \(105\pm 87^{\epsilon}\) & \(935.47\pm 21.4^{\epsilon}\) & \(102\pm 12^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_octanic acid_} & 1164 & 178 & \(721\pm 198^{\epsilon}\) & \(899\pm 177^{\epsilon}\) & \(169\pm 0.3^{\epsilon}\) & \(977.1\pm 211.4^{\epsilon}\) & \(152\pm 15^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_acids_} & & & & & & & & & \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_2-methyl_1-butanol} & 719 & 730 & \(407\pm 38.3^{\epsilon}\) & \(580\pm 16^{\epsilon}\) & \(800\pm 84^{\epsilon}\) & \(569\pm 23^{\epsilon}\) & \(777\pm 15^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-methyl_butanol} & 722 & 736 & \(308\pm 230^{\epsilon}\) & \(382\pm 47^{\epsilon}\) & \(368\pm 315^{\epsilon}\) & \(396\pm 87^{\epsilon}\) & \(384\pm 343^{\epsilon}\) & \(no\) \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_1-pentanol_} & 753 & 766 & \(40\pm 20^{\epsilon}\) & \(6.9\pm 0.3^{\epsilon}\) & \(110\pm 12^{\epsilon}\) & \(62.7\pm 0.6^{\epsilon}\) & \(105\pm 03^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_23-butched_1-propanol} & 779 & 734 & \(50\pm 187^{\epsilon}\) & \(511\pm 279^{\epsilon}\) & \(247\pm 45\) & \(427\pm 135^{\epsilon}\) & \(183\pm 3.8^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-phenyl_1-propanol} & 866 & 816 & \(857\pm 22.7^{\epsilon}\) & \(27.1\pm 15^{\epsilon}\) & \(59\pm 32\) & \(1873\pm 15^{\epsilon}\) & \(41\pm 16^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-brevent-1-(-0)_L_ (8)} & 888 & \(38\pm 67^{\epsilon}\) & \(172\pm 08^{\epsilon}\) & \(220\pm 07^{\epsilon}\) & \(1614\pm 06^{\epsilon}\) & \(23\pm 08^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_1-hexonal_} & 865 & 867 & \(404\pm 31.4^{\epsilon}\) & \(1158\pm 48^{\epsilon}\) & \(138\pm 78^{\epsilon}\) & \(107\pm 23^{\epsilon}\) & \(138\pm 89^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_1-hexonal_} & 968 & 970 & \(90\pm 0.2^{\epsilon}\) & \(15.2\pm 0.2^{\epsilon}\) & \(196\pm 03^{\epsilon}\) & \(13.8\pm 0.1^{\epsilon}\) & \(189\pm 05^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_2-methyl_1-hexopar_1-ket_1 (-)} & 992 & 994 & \(408\pm 20^{\epsilon}\) & \(546\pm 23^{\epsilon}\) & \(794\pm 50^{\epsilon}\) & \(508\pm 23^{\epsilon}\) & \(716\pm 18^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-ethyl_1-methyl_butanol} & 1024 & 1020 & \(0.3\pm 0.1^{\epsilon}\) & \(3.5\pm 0.1^{\epsilon}\) & \(4.2\pm 0.3^{\epsilon}\) & \(3.47\pm 0.1^{\epsilon}\) & \(41\pm 01^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_2-ethyl_methanol} & 1029 & \(1029\pm 48.4^{\epsilon}\) & \(58\pm 10.0^{\epsilon}\) & \(5.6\pm 0.2\) & \(5.98\pm 0.5\) & \(5.8\pm 0.2\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-methyl_alcohol} & 1041 & 1022 & \(1.2\pm 0.2^{\epsilon}\) & \(51\pm 06^{\epsilon}\) & \(764\pm 34^{\epsilon}\) & \(484\pm 04^{\epsilon}\) & \(677\pm 28^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_1-pentanol_} & 1009 & 1049 & \(43.5^{\epsilon}\) & \(181\pm 47^{\epsilon}\) & \(339\pm 08^{\epsilon}\) & \(173\pm 08^{\epsilon}\) & \(309\pm 13^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-phenyl_1-alcohol} & 1127 & \(1113\pm 69^{\epsilon}\) & \(727\pm 85^{\epsilon}\) & \(68\pm 17^{\epsilon}\) & \(61\pm 89^{\epsilon}\) & \(588\pm 20^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-methyl_1-hexonal_} & 971 & 961 & \(68\pm 09^{\epsilon}\) & \(11.1\pm 13.1^{\epsilon}\) & \(195\pm 16^{\epsilon}\) & \(103\pm 03^{\epsilon}\) & \(185\pm 08^{\epsilon}\) & **–** \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-brevent-1-(-0)_L_ (8)} & 1106 & \(1101\) & \(85\pm 34.4\) & \(73\pm 32.2\) & \(66\pm 13.3\) & \(70\pm 5.8\) & \(5.8\pm 1.2\) & no \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_3-butched_1-hexonal_} & 601 & 600 & \(95\pm 13\) & \(83\pm 13\) & \(75\pm 11.1\) & \(98\pm 69\) & \(91\pm 12\) & No \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_acids_} & & & & & & & & & \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{_acids_} & & & & & & & & & &  
The results of this study clearly demonstrate that the fermentation strategy significantly impacts the final amounts of volatiles in the apple wines and their relation to one another.