## 3 Materials and Methods
### Participants  
As of 2021, there were 1.38 million workers in the construction industry, with 513,280 daily workers [1]. A sample of 345 daily workers from this total, with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error, was used for the experiment. Each of the three groups had 115 workers; they were assigned based on the educational items received. Recall counts and rates were tested; the results are shown in Table 5.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & & **Group of People** & & **Total** & \(\chi^{2}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Nationality} & \multirow{2}{*}{Local} & Persons & 115 & 112 & 113 & 340 & \\  & & \% & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 0.000 \\  & & Persons & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (1.000) \\  & & \% & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Gender} & Male & Persons & 107 & 104 & 102 & 313 & \\  & & \% & 93.0 & 92.0 & 91.1 & 92.1 & 0.302 \\  & & Persons & 8 & 9 & 10 & 27 & (0.860) \\  & & \% & 7.0 & 8.0 & 8.9 & 7.9 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Age} & Twenties & Persons & 21 & 25 & 22 & 68 & \\  & & \% & 18.4 & 22.1 & 19.5 & 20.0 & \\  & & Persons & 33 & 25 & 23 & 81 & \\  & & \% & 28.9 & 22.1 & 20.4 & 23.8 & \\  & & Persons & 25 & 25 & 24 & 74 & 4.724 \\  & & \% & 21.9 & 22.1 & 21.2 & 21.8 & (0.803) \\  & & Persons & 34 & 38 & 43 & 115 & \\  & & \% & 29.8 & 33.6 & 38.1 & 33.8 & \\  & & 60 and & Persons & 1 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\  & above & \% & 0.9 & 0.0 & 0.9 & 0.6 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Construction experience} & Less than & Persons & 28 & 35 & 43 & 106 & \\  & one year & \% & 24.6 & 31.0 & 38.1 & 31.2 & \\  & Less than 1 & Persons & 18 & 16 & 9 & 43 & \\  & to 2 years & \% & 15.8 & 14.2 & 8.0 & 12.6 & \\  & Less than 2 & Persons & 8 & 9 & 11 & 28 & \\  & to 3 years & \% & 7.0 & 8.0 & 9.7 & 8.2 & 15.534 \\  & Less than 3 & Persons & 12 & 18 & 20 & 50 & (0.114) \\  & to 5 years & \% & 10.5 & 15.9 & 17.7 & 14.7 & \\  & Less than 5 & Persons & 26 & 24 & 16 & 66 & \\  & to 10 years & \% & 22.8 & 21.2 & 14.2 & 19.4 & \\  & More than & Persons & 22 & 11 & 14 & 47 & \\  & 10 years & \% & 19.3 & 9.7 & 12.4 & 13.8 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Accident experience} & Indirect & Persons & 43 & 51 & 45 & 139 & \\  & experience & \% & 37.7 & 45.1 & 39.8 & 40.9 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Direct & Persons & 9 & 4 & 3 & 16 & 5.008 \\ \cline{1-1}  & experience & experience & \% & 7.9 & 3.5 & 2.7 & 4.7 & (0.286) \\ \cline{1-1}  & No & Persons & 62 & 58 & 65 & 185 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & experience & \% & 54.4 & 51.3 & 57.5 & 54.4 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Differences between groups A, B, and C.  
To analyze differences in recall performance across groups, a one-way ANOVA was conducted, followed by [PERSON]'s post hoc test to identify specific group differences. Significance was determined at \(p\) < 0.05. For key outcome variables (recall count and recall rate), 95% confidence intervals were calculated to quantify the precision of group means.  
Chi-squared analysis, along with [PERSON]'s exact test, were used to examine demographic differences. The tests showed no significant differences in nationality (\(\chi^{2}\) = 0.000, \(p\) = 1.000), gender (\(\chi^{2}\) = 0.302, \(p\) = 0.860), age (\(\chi^{2}\) = 4.724, \(p\) = 0.803), construction experience (\(\chi^{2}\) = 15.534, \(p\) = 0.114), or accident experience (\(\chi^{2}\) = 5.008, \(p\) = 0.286).  
A priori power analysis was conducted using G*Power 3.1 to determine the required sample size for ANOVA with the three groups. Assuming a medium effect size (f = 0.25), alpha = 0.05, and power = 0.80, the minimum required sample size was calculated to be 159 participants (53 per group). The actual sample size of 345 participants (115 per group) exceeded this requirement, ensuring adequate statistical power for the analyses.