# Abrasion-Resistant and Temperature Control of
## 1 Introduction
[15] studied the ultimate bearing capacity of the conventional reinforced concrete (RC) and the steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) joints under different loading conditions with a special attention on the corresponding cracking process. The experimental results demonstrated that the peak bearing capacity of the SFRC joints was slightly higher than that of the RC joints. The temperature control and crack prevention problems with large-volume lining concrete for spillway tunnels have always been a focus and difficulty of related studies. Taking the water supply tunnel project of the Three Gorges Dam's permanent ship lock as an example, based on the measurements of temperature and stress, [PERSON] et al. [16] carried out the finite element simulation for analysis of the temperatures and stresses in sidewall and top arch in the construction period. [PERSON] et al. [17] conducted a field temperature test on both casting temperature-controlled concrete and conventional concrete and analyzed the distribution of the temperature field in the lining concrete and its change over time. [PERSON] et al. [18] simulated the effects of crack prevention under multiple temperature control measures. [PERSON] et al. [19] used a self-coded program called SPS_FET2D to simulate the construction process of the Xiaolangdi Spillway Tunnel Project and discussed the cause and mechanism of cracking. [PERSON] et al. [20] explored the effect of throughput duration on pipe cooling via analyzing the data from the Xiloudu Diversion Tunnel Project. [PERSON] et al. [21] probed into the throughput cooling effect of lining concrete of different thicknesses. [PERSON] et al. [22] investigated the effects of cavern and surrounding rock temperature on the temperature and thermal stress of lining concrete for spill tunnels. [PERSON] et al. [23] studied the effects of the final adiabatic temperature rise magnitude and its rate of concrete on the temperature and thermal stress field in the lining concrete. Using the Sanbanxi Spillway Tunnel Project as an example, [PERSON] et al. [24] explored the variations of temperature field and thermal stress redistribution in sidewall lining concrete and investigated the initiation and development processes of cracks. This study selected the spillway tunnel of the Dagangshan Hydropower Station as a case study. Laboratory tests were conducted on the anti-scouring and abrasion-resistant performance of the lining concrete, from which the optimized contents of fly ash, silica fume and PVA fiber were determined. Meanwhile, concrete temperature control numerical simulations were performed to investigate the variations of temperature field in the anti-scouring and abrasion-resistant concrete under different throughput conditions. It is also proposed to adopt \"early-throughput, high-flow and short-duration\" for temperature control and cracking prevention. The effect of throughput cooling was analyzed according to temperature control monitoring data in the field. The presented analysis of experimental data, together with the proposed strategy for temperature control offered, reference information for similar projects.