esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 4 Discussion
A previous study showed that, at landing, the largest angle of plantar flexion demonstrated the greatest shock absorption [36]. Our results showed that after RA fatigue, the ankle joint moment may be reduced due to the decrease in jump height, resulting in the landing strategy of the ankle reducing the plantar flexion angles. This also causes the torque of the plantar flexion to be significantly reduced. The results of this study also showed that the braking leg of athletes had a slightly increased tendency of the ankle joint plantar flexor moment (Table 3). It is speculated that the body's center of gravity shifts to the braking leg at landing during the SPJ. The contributions of both feet at landing during CMJs before fatigue were very similar (49:51); after fatigue, there was a tendency for deviation toward the braking leg (56:44). After the RA fatigue, the originally symmetrical jump of the CMJ deviated toward the braking leg at landing. Asymmetries between limbs potentially increase the risk of injury to the lower extremities [37]. During the SPJ at landing, before fatigue, the contribution of the legs deviated toward the jumping leg; after fatigue, it deviated toward the braking leg, with only a small difference between the two feet, indicating the nullification of the asymmetric character of the SPJ. This may reduce the ground reaction force during landing. It can be inferred that the athlete not only cannot reach the maximum height while jumping, but is also unable to shift weight to the jumping leg at landing. We studied the various parameter differences before and after fatigue but not the jumping stages during CMJs and SPJs. We consider the major difference between the CMJ and SPJ to be the use of the upper body, which means that the movements of the upper trunk and the arms, etc., will affect the overall action. However, during the CMJ, the torso is not completely unrelated [38]. Before the jumping stage, during the CMJ, the subject begins to squat and lowers the center of mass, and the abdominal muscles are activated. The torso movements during the SPJ were similar to those during the CMJ. Therefore, it is impossible to completely eliminate the movement correlation between the CMJ and SPJ [7]. The results of this study showed that temporary fatigue of the RA does not directly affect the activation of the lower limb muscles during take-off jumps. Instead, fatigue first affects the jump angles of the knees during the CMJ and the braking leg jump angles of the hip and ankle dorsiflexion during the SPJ and causes a decrease in the Max-JH during the CMJ and SPJ. The RA fatigue also results in a decrease in ankle plantar flexion moment and a change in the load ratio of both legs during landing. A previous study reported that abdominal muscle fatigue degrades the standing posture control [39]. The impact of abdominal muscle fatigue on movement, posture control, and athletic performance should be taken into consideration during training or competition. Therefore, the avoidance of RA muscle failure and sufficient recovery time are recommended.
## 2 Status and Literature Review
### Domestic and Overseas Design-for-Safety Review  
Various concepts related to design-for-safety, such as Prevention through Design (PtD), Design for Safety (DfS), Construction Safety Audit Scoring System (ConSASS), and safe design, have been developed and applied by government agencies. The application of each design stage, work items at each stage, and methods for recognizing hazards are provided to conduct risk assessment on hazards in an effort to exclude the subjectivity of the safety supervisor. To ensure consistent risk assessment, efforts are made to minimize reliance on experts during the calculation of risk by providing evaluation templates and risk rating criteria or hazards for each country. Table 2 below summarizes the items for each country required for design-for-safety reviews or risk assessments.  
The UK and Australia provide checklists and risk lists to conduct risk management at construction sites through qualitative risk assessments, and do not employ quantitative evaluation indicators such as risk ratings and manage risks according to pre-classified hazards. Although it is possible to recognize the hazards consistently by checklist, the risk assessment of each disaster is left to the safety supervisor, and subjective risk assessment is conducted. In the risk assessment process, a qualitative risk assessment that measures and evaluates a simple risk level, rather than a quantitative indicator, may involve the supervisor's supervision during the risk recognition and risk assessment phase. In other words, this study derives the results of hazard recognition and risk rating calculation based on quantitative risk assessment for objective and consistent risk assessment by excluding supervisor supervision. In addition, the United States and Singapore carry out quantitative risk assessment and qualitative assessment together to implement integrated safety management.
# DALLoc: Deep-Learning Accelerated Visual Localization Based on Mesh Representation
## 6 Conclusions  
In this paper, we proposed a novel visual localization algorithm called DLALoc that is far more efficient and can still obtain more accurate results. Our system still follows a hierarchical localization pipeline [5]. In the proposed DLALoc algorithm, we use the mesh to represent the scene. Thus, we can obtain the 3D points from the rendered depth map, which is unique for one local feature in images. We also add the additional relative pose estimation step, which is not needed in the general hierarchical localization pipeline to filter outliers of 2D feature correspondences. Additionally, we perform local 2D-3D matching of the 2D inliers to obtain accurate 6-Dof poses.  
Furthermore, we evaluated the proposed algorithm on different combinations of image-retrieval methods, local feature types, and feature matching strategies. The experimental results show that the proposed method can outperform state-of-the-art hierarchical methods with all combinations in terms of efficiency and accuracy. We further demonstrate how the better 2D correspondences can improve the performance of the localization algorithm by counting the time on different parts of the entire algorithm. The results show that the additional time on calculating the relative pose of the filtering outliers is trivial compared to the whole pipeline and significantly reduces the time of localizing with 2D-3D matches. Moreover, the total time for localization can be shortened by five times around and can still improve accuracy.  
Conceptualization, P.Z. and W.L.; methodology, P.Z.; software, P.Z.; validation, P.Z. and W.L.; formal analysis, P.Z.; investigation, P.Z. and W.L.; resources, W.L.; data curation, P.Z.; writing--original draft preparation, P.Z.; writing--review and editing, P.Z. and W.L.; visualization, P.Z. and W.L.; supervision, P.Z. and W.L.; project administration, W.L.; funding acquisition, W.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of under Grant 61862011.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.  
Figure 7: Comparison of localization accuracy and time with different anchor numbers.
## 3 Proposed Method
### Dataset  
The dataset used in the experiments was from the 2016 PHM Data Challenge, which was held by the PHM Society. Over the last few decades, the PHM has attracted much attention as an effective method of avoiding unnecessary maintenance operations and advancing safety reliability and availability [31]. The dataset comprises data collected during the various runs of the CMP tool for specific wafers over time. The 2016 PHM Data Challenge focused on tracking the health status of components within a wafer chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) system, which plays a critical role in improving the production efficiency of semiconductor manufacturing processes. Detailed information on the available process features is available on the PHM Data Challenge website (2016 PHM Data Challenge: [[https://www.phmsoicety.org/events/conference/phm/16/data-challenge](https://www.phmsoicety.org/events/conference/phm/16/data-challenge)]([https://www.phmsoicety.org/events/conference/phm/16/data-challenge](https://www.phmsoicety.org/events/conference/phm/16/data-challenge)) (accessed on 29 April 2021)). Data are presented in the form of comma-separated values (CSV) in which each row of data represents an instance of all measurement variables at any given time. In addition to the data, the competition separately provided an average rate of material removal from a wafer, which was measured in terms of the thickness of the material before and after CMP polishing.  
In the dataset, the wafers are separated into two groups according to the MRR range: low-speed mode and high-speed mode. The MRR range for low-speed mode is about 50-110 (nm/min) and about 140-170 (nm/min) for high-speed mode. Moreover, the group of low-speed mode data can be further segmented into two different groups based on stage ID: Stages A and B. Figure 2 shows the MRR distribution of the dataset. The segmentation information and sample size for each group are listed in Table 1.  
Figure 1: Data Analysis Flow.  
Figure 2: Removal Rate Distribution.
## 3 Results  
### CV Risk Factor Analysis  
Table 1 shows the demographic, clinical, hemodynamic, and biochemical characteristics of CAD patients. The mean age in CAD cases without HF (58 years) was lower than in CAD cases with HF (63 years). All patients showed known CV risk factors for CAD.  
In CAD patients with CHF, the prevalence of male sex, obesity, and dyslipidemia was higher (\(p<0.05\)) as compared to the ones without CHF.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Patients without CHF** \\ **(n = 9)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Patients with CHF** \\ **(n = 6)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Age (y) & \(58.3\pm 14.7\) & \(63.4\pm 11.2\) \\ Male sex (\%) & \(33.3\) & \(100\) * \\ Weight (kg) & \(78.3\pm 14.5\) & \(88.0\pm 22.1\) \\ BMI (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & \(27.6\pm 5.6\) & \(32.3\pm 7.1\) * \\ Obesity (\%) & \(0\) & \(100\) * \\
**History** & & \\ Dyslipidemia (\%) & \(33.3\) & \(100\) \\ Arterial hypertension (\%) & \(66.6\) & \(50\) \\ DM type 2 (\%) & \(66.6\) & \(50\) \\ Smoking (\%) & \(33.3\) & \(0\) \\
**Echocardiography** & & \\ LVEDD (cm) & \(5.0\pm 0.5\) & \(6.9\pm 1.2\) * \\ LVESD (cm) & \(3.3\pm 0.6\) & \(5.6\pm 1.3\) * \\ LVEF (\%) & \(54.1\pm 3.3\) & \(28.5\pm 7.2\) * \\
**Biochemical values** & & \\ Total cholesterol (mg/dL) & \(212\pm 42\) & \(206\pm 38\) * \\ Triglycerides (mg/dL) & \(161\pm 12\) & \(175\pm 54\) * \\ LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) & \(124\pm 9\) & \(135\pm 11\) * \\ HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) & \(57\pm 4\) & \(45\pm 3\) * \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* \(p\)-value \(\leq 0.05\) was considered significant; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, chronic heart failure, DM, diabetes mellitus, LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Demographic, clinical, hemodynamic, and biochemical characteristics of CAD patients
# A Novel Prognostic Model for Gastric Cancer with EP_Dis-Based Co-Expression Network Analysis
## 5 Conclusions  
In conclusion, the EP-WGCNA proposed in this paper can mine the key FRGs related to the prognosis of GC patients and is superior to the P-WGCNA. The EP-WGCNA-Cox model, based on _ALB_, _BNIP3_, _DPEPI_, _GLS2_, _MEG3_, _PDK4_, _TF_ and _TSC22D3_, is reliable for predicting the 5-year survival rate of GC patients. For clinical use, P-FRGs can be measured to monitor the development of GC. In the follow-up research process, the EP-WGCNA proposed in this paper can be extended to the prognostic gene prediction of other types of cancers. By utilizing gene expression from various cancer types, it is possible to explore the differences and commonalities between different cancers. In addition, the research results of this paper can be further explored using techniques such as RT-PCR and Western blot.  
**Supplementary Materials:** The following supporting information can be downloaded at: [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app13127108/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app13127108/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app13127108/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app13127108/s1)), Figure S1: Relationship between P-FRGs identified by P-WGCNA-Cox and overall survival of GC patients, blue represents the low expression group and red represents the high expression group. (A) _ALB_. (B) _AR_. (C) _BNIP3_. (D) _CBS_. (E) _CDC25A_. (F) _FABP4_. (G) _MEG3_. (H) _MYB_. (I) _PDK4_.; Table S1: Univariate and multivariate regression analysis of the correlation between overall survival of GC patients and DE-FRGs identified by P-WGCNA (\(p\)-value < 0.05); Table S2: Univariate and multivariate regression analysis of the correlation between overall survival of GC patients and DE-FRGs identified by P-WGCNA; Table S3: Univariate and multivariate regression analysis of the correlation between overall survival of GC patients and DE-FRGs identified by EP-WGCNA; Ref. [20].  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, H.Z., Z.N. and Y.X.; methodology, H.Z., Z.N., D.C. and Y.X.; software, Y.X. and L.Z.; validation, H.Z., Z.N. and D.C.; formal analysis, Y.X., L.Z. and X.L.; investigation, H.Z. and Y.X.; resources, H.Z. and Z.N.; data curation, Y.X., L.Z. and X.L.; writing--original draft preparation, H.Z., D.C., Y.X. and L.Z.; writing--review and editing, H.Z., D.C., Z.N., L.Z. and X.L.; visualization, H.Z. and Y.X.; supervision, H.Z.; project administration, H.Z.; funding acquisition, H.Z. and D.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, grant number 2021 JJ30351, the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, grant number No. 21C0133 and the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province, grant number 2020 NK2033.
## 4 Simulations
the analytical bound reflects the diversity gain of the source-to-destination link \(N_{D}\), AML detection does not achieve any diversity gain from source-to-relay link \(N_{S}\) under relay decoding errors. Given that the diversity gain depends solely on the source-to-destination link in this case, the PEP improves with an increasing number of receive antennas \(N_{D}\), which is consistent with the theoretical analysis. In contrast, Figure 4 depicts the PEP for various receive antenna configurations when \(\mathbf{x}_{S}=-\bar{\mathbf{x}}_{S}\), \(\mathbf{x}_{S}=\mathbf{x}_{R}\), and \(\bar{\mathbf{x}}_{S}=\bar{\mathbf{x}}_{R}\). The symbol pairs are set as \(\left[\mathbf{x}_{S}^{T},\bar{\mathbf{x}}_{S}^{T}\right]^{T}=\left[1,-1\right]^ {T}\) and \(\left[\mathbf{x}_{R}^{T},\bar{\mathbf{x}}_{R}^{T}\right]^{T}=\left[1,-1\right]^ {T}\), ensuring that above conditions are satisfied. This configuration corresponds to a scenario in which decoding at the relay is successful, enabling the cooperative MIMO system to achieve full diversity gain. In this case, the slope of the analytical bound reflects the combined diversity gain from the source-to-relay and source-to-destination links, i.e., \(2N_{D}\). Compared to the diversity gain of \(N_{D}\) observed in Figure 3, the slope in Figure 4 is significantly steeper. The simulated PEP curves are closely aligned with the analytical bound derived in Corollary 3, demonstrating that AML detection can effectively exploit the additional diversity gain provided by the source-to-relay link when the relay correctly decodes the source symbol.
# Micro-Nanobubble Technology in Surface Cleaning and Defouling
## 3 Advanced Applications of NBs in Precision Surface Cleaning
### Flotation and Mineral Processing
The study highlighted how flotation indicators, including recovery, grade, and reagent consumption, are affected by the basic elements of NB production, characterization, and stability. Research on NBs has grown rapidly; however, there are still unanswered questions about how they develop, remain stable, and interact with other materials. The effects of surfactants and the development of gaseous micropancakes are two contentious problems that have not yet been resolved. Although many of the proposed enhancement mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, laboratory investigations have demonstrated that NBs can improve the flotation of coal and mineral samples. Understanding the NBs' behavior during flotation, interactions with macrobubbles, impacts on particle cleaning, and the function of NB swarms in pulp rheology should be the main goals of future research. Although there is potential for commercial use, more research is required, including the optimization of NB producers and scaling up for large operations. [PERSON] et al. [74] reviewed high specific surface area silica nanomeshes (HSMSMs) for improving uranium adsorption for saltwater extraction by inducing NB formation through a high shear approach. With a uranium adsorption capacity of 822 mg-U/g-abs in 50 mg/L uranium-spiked seawater, HSMSMs demonstrated excellent performance, which was roughly double that of traditional mesoporous silica nanomaterials. Within 30 min, the addition of amidoxime groups to HSMSMs (HSMSMs-AO) increased their selectivity and adsorption capacity to 877 mg-U/g-abs in simulated seawater. The main adsorption method used amidoxime and Si-OH groups and involved chemisorption. HSMSMs and HSMSM-AO are promising options for large-scale uranium extraction from saltwater and wastewater treatment because of their straightforward synthesis, high adsorption capacity, and stability.
###### Abstract  
Achieving the coverage of multiple adjacent gingival recessions (MAGRs) in a single surgical procedure poses a major clinical challenge. The gold standard procedure involves the collection of autogenous connective tissue from the palatal mucosa. In case of reduced palatal tissue thickness, augmentation using a collagen sponge can be performed. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment outcome of MAGR coverage by a coronally advanced flap (CAF) along with a connective tissue graft (CTG) harvested from augmented or nonaugmented palatal mucous membrane. Thirty-five patients with 148 MAGRs were enrolled in the study. The recessions were covered with CTGs collected from 26 augmented- (test group) and from 24 nonaugmented (control group) palatal donor sites followed by a CAF. Clinical parameters were measured at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months after intervention. Clinical results for both, the test and the control group were steady and similar with the exception of buccal gingival thickness (BGT\({}_{1}\)). After 24 months, statistically greater BGT\({}_{1}\) and complete root coverage (CRC) was observed in the test group. The augmented CTG+CAF method achieves good and predictable clinical results in the coverage of MAGRs. It leads to the increase of gingival thickness in comparison to the nonaugmented intervention.  
girgiral recession; connective tissue; graft; flap; augmentation Article
## 2 The Structure of the Proposed VC Method
However, since the synthesized speech signals are directly heard, it is more desirable to minimize the differences between the target speech and the synthesized (converted) speech. It is not possible to simultaneously obtain \(\mathcal{F}_{H}^{*}\) and \(\mathcal{F}_{E}^{*}\). Hence, incremental estimation was adopted in this study. Beginning with the initial rules \(\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(0)}\), \(\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(0)}\) the conversion functions for each parameter are updated at the \(i\)-th iteration as follows:  
\[ \begin{array}{lclcl}\text{Re}-\text{estimation stage for}\ \mathcal{F}_{H}:&\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}&=&\arg\min_{ \mathcal{F}_{H}}D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}(\mathbf{H}_{r}), \mathbf{E}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i-1)}(\mathbf{E}_{r}))\\ \text{Re}-\text{estimation stage for}\ \mathcal{F}_{E}:&\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i)}&=&\arg\min_{ \mathcal{F}_{E}}D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}(\mathbf{H }_{r}),\mathbf{E}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}(\mathbf{E}_{r}))\end{array}  \tag{4}\]The detailed explanation of minimization (4) is given in the next section. The minimization process is repeated until a convergence threshold is reached. Assuming that each re-estimation stage yields the conversion functions that minimize the perceptual distance, the algorithm ensures a non-increasing sequence of the perceptual distances such as  
\[D_{\text{PD}}^{(0)}\geq D_{\text{PD}}^{(1)}\geq...\geq D_{\text{PD}}^{(i)}\geq D _{\text{PD}}^{(i+1)}\geq... \tag{5}\]  
where \(D_{\text{PD}}^{(i)}=D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}( \mathbf{H}_{r}),\mathbf{E}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i)}(\mathbf{E}_{r}))\). This can be easily proved as follows. First, since the minimum criterion is adopted in the re-estimation stage for \(H\), the \(D_{\text{PD}}\) is at least as small as that for the previous re-estimation stage for \(E\). Therefore, the following inequality holds for every \(i\)  
\[D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i-1)}(\mathbf{H}_{r}),\mathbf{E }_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i-1)}(\mathbf{E}_{r}))\geq D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{ t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}(\mathbf{H}_{r}),\mathbf{E}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i-1 )}(\mathbf{E}_{r})) \tag{6}\]  
Next, the re-estimated \(\mathcal{F}_{E}\) by (4) yields the minimum \(D_{\text{PD}}\). Thus, the following inequality also holds for every \(i\):  
\[D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}(\mathbf{H}_{r}),\mathbf{E}_ {t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i-1)}(\mathbf{E}_{r}))\geq D_{\text{PD}}(\mathbf{H}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{H}^{(i)}(\mathbf{H}_{r}),\mathbf{E}_{t},\mathcal{F}_{E}^{(i)}( \mathbf{E}_{r})) \tag{7}\]  
From (6) and (7), it can be easily proved that this inequality \(D_{\text{PD}}^{(i-1)}\geq D_{\text{PD}}^{(i)}\) holds for every \(i\). Figure 1: The block diagrams of the two voice conversion (VC) schemes. Top: Conventional VC scheme. Bottom: Proposed VC scheme.
## 4 Classification of Energy Efficient MAC Protocols for UWSNs
### Bandwidth
#### 4.3.1 Handshaking-Based  
Another significant type of bandwidth MAC protocol is the handshake protocol, which is basically a collection of reservation-based protocols [46]. The major goal of the handshake method is to avoid a collision of data packets, therefore before transmitting any data packets, the sender must check the channel state by sending request-to-send (RTS) and clear-to-send (CTS) control packets on the control channel. The handshaking can be performed in both single channel and multiple channel-based communication between nodes in UWSNs [9; 100]. Before any payload is transferred over a single channel, channel handshake messages are exchanged [47; 52]. A series of protocols targeted for promoting energy efficiency is one of the main themes of MAC protocols. multi-channel MAC protocols handshaking is distinct from single-channel MAC protocols handshaking [101].