## 4 Simulation Results  
The energy consumption and the throughput analysis on beamforming, non-cooperative, and cooperative schemes in the aircraft channel environment are conducted by using Matlab 2018a to illustrate the theoretical analysis in this section. The real value of the circuit power consumption is referred by [31]. The performance metrics are total energy consumption and throughput, which are plotted below. In the case of the transmitted power the optimal transmitted power using Equations (11), (22) and (25) is applied to the single-hop (including the beamforming), the multi-hop, the cooperation (including the incremental cooperation) schemes, respectively. In addition, the distance requirement is based on ITU-R M.2283 which is that the distance between two nodes is a maximum of 15 m. Thus, we suppose that the distance from the source node to the destination node is fixed at 10 m, and the position of the relay node is at the middle point between the source node and the destination node in which each distance is 5 m. All the nodes communicate each other in the NLoS channel environment in which the received node uses the SC technique to gain the greatest SNR from scattered signals except the beamforming scheme. The parameters are summarized by Table 2.  
In Figure 5, the optimal transmitted power of the beamforming, the single-hop, the multi-hop, and the cooperative schemes shows the distance from the source node to the destination node. This factor is important because in ITU-R M.2283 there is the requirement regarding the transmitted power of wireless avionics intra-communication to prevent from some interference among the wireless communication nodes. Thus, the transmitted power based on the requirement should be below 10 mW. According to the result in Figure 5, the transmitted power requirement was satisfied in all schemes at a distance of 10 m in which the optimal powers of the single-hop, the multi-hop, and the cooperative power were 1.117, 0.821, and 0.053 mW, respectively. Thus, we can know that cooperative schemes use lower power 95% at 10 m than the single-hop scheme. Besides, at a distance of 15 m the powers of the single-hop, the multi-hop, and the cooperative schemes were 2.764, 1.962, and 0.127 mW, respectively, which are not over the requirement of 10 mW. For the beamforming schemes we used the number of three antennae in this paper. In Figures 6 and 7, the simulation results of the total energy consumption are presented regarding eight schemes according to spectral efficiency and target outage probability. Figures 6 and 7 show the result based on Equations (5), (21), (24), (29), (30), and (32), which are used to represent total energy consumption in the aircraft channel model regarding the ABF, the DBF, the single-hop, the multi-hop, the DF, the AF, the IDF, and the IAF schemes, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **Parameter Value** \\ \hline BPSK modulation & M = 2 \\ \hline Center frequency & \(f_{c}\) = 4.3 GHz \\ \hline Bandwidth & \(B\) = 10 Kbps \\ \hline Target outage probability & \(\rho_{0}\) = 10\({}^{-3}\) \\ \hline Packet size & \(\kappa\) = 1024 bit \\ \hline Shadowing fading & \(\epsilon\) = 4 dB \\ \hline Distance from S to D & d = 10 m \\ \hline Number of antenna & \(K\) = 3 \\ \hline Drain efficiency & \(\omega\) = 0.35 \\ \hline Peak to average ratio & \(\tau\) = 1.761 dB \\ \hline Source voltage & \(V_{D}\) = 3 V \\ \hline Source current & \(I_{0}\) = 10 \(\mu\)A \\ \hline Parasitic capacitance & \(C\) = 1 pF \\ \hline Corner frequency & \(f_{cor}\)= 1 MHz \\ \hline Minimum channel length & \(L_{C}\)= 0.5 \(\mu\)m \\ \hline Filter power consumption & \(P_{FIL}\) = 2.5 mW \\ \hline Synthesizer power consumption & \(P_{SYN}\)= 50 mW \\ \hline IFA power consumption & \(P_{IFA}\) = 3 mW \\ \hline LNA power consumption & \(P_{LNA}\) = 20 mW \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Parameter setup.