); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X.) [PERSON]  
1 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X.) [PERSON]  
1 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Y.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS]. which aims to limit global warming to 1.5-2 \({}^{\circ}\)C [2]. China's \"dual carbon\" goals, targeting carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, underscore the vital importance of carbon sinks. These processes, which remove CO\({}_{2}\) from the atmosphere, are integral to the terrestrial carbon cycle [3] and play a pivotal role in advancing global sustainability and mitigating the impacts of climate change. Forest carbon sinks are a critical component of terrestrial carbon sinks, significantly contributing to global carbon sequestration and playing an irreplaceable role in mitigating climate change. Among the various strategies to enhance carbon sinks, increasing forest carbon sequestration stands out as the most economical, sustainable, and ecologically friendly approach [4]. Consequently, conducting a scientific assessment of the carbon cycle dynamics within China's forest ecosystems is essential. Such assessments are pivotal not only for understanding the impact of global environmental changes on forest carbon sequestration functions but also for informing the development of national \"dual carbon\" policies. Accurate estimation of current forest carbon sinks capacities and reliable predictions of future trends are particularly crucial for achieving these goals. Several methods are currently employed for monitoring forest carbon sinks, including dendromorphological techniques, eddy covariance systems, and remote sensing technologies [5]. Each approach has unique strengths and limitations. Dendromorphological Methods: This method involves using plot inventories to establish relationships between the size and shape of individual trees or groups of trees. It is relatively simple to implement and allows for scalable results. However, it is highly time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often causes significant disturbances to forest ecosystems [5]. For example, [PERSON] et al. [6] used this method to study Betula alnoides in Guangdong, revealing increased carbon storage when intercropped with nitrogen-fixing species. Similarly, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [7] estimated global aboveground forest biomass at 205 \(\times\) 10\({}^{9}\) tons using this approach. Eddy Covariance Methods: This technique measures CO\({}_{2}\) flux by observing atmospheric fluxes, offering high accuracy and enabling continuous spatiotemporal monitoring. However, it requires expensive equipment and suffers from low data reliability under certain environmental conditions [5]. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [8] employed eddy covariance to calculate the Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) of Inner Mongolia grasslands, estimating an average of 2.43 \(\pm\) 6.71 TgC annually from 1982 to 2018. Similarly, [PERSON] et al. [9] used this method to determine that after the 2021 Lymantria dispar outbreak in Ontario, Canada, carbon losses in deciduous and mixed forests of the Great Lakes region reached 21.1 MtC and 21.4 MtC, respectively, compared to 2020. Remote Sensing Technologies: Remote sensing employs satellite data to obtain large-scale observations with high precision. It enables biomass and carbon reserve assessments at regional and global scales [5]. For example, [PERSON] et al.