## 3 Results and Discussion
Accordingly, it can be seen that the feed rate parameter affects the temperature more than the depth of cut parameter, and the temperature increases as the feed rate increases. When Figure 7 is examined, it can be seen that the pairwise interactions of the cutting speed-feed rate parameters increase the temperature the most, while the pairwise interactions of the cutting speed-depth of cut and depth of cut-feed rate parameters have almost the same effect on the temperature. In Figure 8, the effects of the factors affecting the turning of the AISI 52100 bearing steel material on the power consumption are given. When Figure 8a is examined, it can be seen that the depth of cut parameter has a greater effect on the power consumption than the cutting speed parameter, and when the depth of cut increases, the power consumption increases more. In Figure 8b, it is seen that the feed rate parameter has a greater effect on power consumption than the cutting speed parameter, and the power consumption  
Figure 8: The effects of the parameters affecting the turning of the AISI 52100 bearing steel material on the power consumption variables: (**a**) depth of cut-cutting speed; (**b**) feed rate-cutting speed; (**c**) feed rate-depth of cut. increases more when the feed rate increases. The effects of the depth of cut and feed rate parameters on the power consumption can also seen in Figure 8c. When the figure is examined, it can be seen that the depth of cut and feed rate parameters affect the power consumption almost at the same rate, and the power consumption increases with the increase in both parameter values. When all three pairwise interactions are taken into account, it can be determined that the depth of cut and cutting speed parameters increase the power consumption more. After examining the effects of the parameters affecting the turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel on the temperature and power consumption, the optimum turning parameter values for the minimum temperature and power consumption and the temperature and power consumption values obtained with these values were obtained from the Design Expert 13 program and are given in Table 11.  
In addition, these optimal values were used in the regression equations in Equations (1) and (2) and in the confirmation experiment in the FEM analysis, and the temperature and power consumptions were obtained. These obtained values are given in Table 12.  
Additionally, the real experimental setup shown in Figure 9 was prepared and three validation experiments were performed with these optimum values in Table 11, and the output responses were obtained by averaging the test results (Table 12). The validation experiments were carried out on a Hannsa YTH 10700 CNC lathe under dry cutting conditions. The CNC lathe used had a 10 kW motor power and spindle-variable stepless speed, and could reach up to 3000 rpm. A Flir Thermal Imaging Camera was used to measure the cutting temperatures during cutting. A Hioki Po PW3198 phase power analyzer (Hioki Corporation, Nagano, Japan) was used to measure the effects of the cutting parameters on the power consumption during the experiments. This instrument had three current probes (CP-1201) and the measurements were made by connecting these probes separately to the energy input of the machine. In the study, since the effects of the cutting parameters on the power consumption were examined, it was reported that systems that increase the power consumption, such as the cooling system, should be turned off [78]. A schematic view of the turning experiments is presented in Figure 9. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Optimal Cutting Parameters**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Output Response**} \\ \hline \hline
**Cutting Speed (m/min)** & **Depth of Cut (mm)** & **Feed Rate (mm/rev)** & **Temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **Power Consumption (W)** \\ \hline
162.427 & 1.39 & 0.2472 & 382.096 & 88.788 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}