# The Use of Drones in Spain: Towards a Platform for Controlling UAVs in Urban Environments
## 6 Conclusions and Future Work  
The developed system allows controlling and monitoring flights and recreating all the past flights found in that system. The system can be easily adapted to the size of the city (the only requirement is to deploy the infrastructure) and it can operate thousands of UAVs simultaneously.  
Due to the diversity of UAVs and commercial controllers, the platform was designed to adapt to any type and manufacturer. However, UAVs may vary depending on their manufacturer so it will be necessary to adapt their peculiarities to the platform (it has already been done with the best-selling models and brands, such as DJI). It will remain functional even if the structural and technological side of UAVs changes. It is prepared to withstand technological changes, so more advanced models from new manufacturers can also be integrated with the system through the hardware and software modules, even if the vehicle is not a multirotor, traditional helicopter or airplane.  
The use of this system guarantees that the privacy of citizens is protected. This is because the platform defines restricted zones, where UAVs cannot fly; even if the pilot explicitly intends to pass these limits, the platform will prevent them from doing so. The platform uses for this purpose different collaborative and point-based systems. On the one hand, in the collaborative system, anyone can justifiably propose an environment as private. The competent security and privacy authorities shall determine whether to grant such status to the requested area. On the other hand, the points-based system allows giving warnings and penalizing pilots who attempt misconduct.  
Therefore, to use the platform, in addition to coupling the developed module, it is essential to be registered as a pilot through an account that is created when obtaining a license in European countries, such as Spain. From the legal point of view, the platform offers a robust mechanism for demonstrating the status of UAVs. This is because blockchain is used in telemetry, making it possible to prove judicially that the pilot controlling the UAV infringed the law. Thus, in addition to offering enforcement mechanisms, the platform also provides mechanisms to demonstrate non-compliance with the law in other cases where non-compliance cannot be independently avoided. Finally, by using this software, the cause of malfunction in a UAV can be determined even if the incident involved a human error or was provoked intentionally.  
In the future, we must work on testing what number of UAVs can the proposed system operate simultaneously, by both number of antennas deployed and the number of drones that the overall system is able to control. In addition, we will work for the standardization of the system that will result in the serial production of the module that UAVs must carry to connect to the platform. In series production, the hardware device is expected to reach a price of 35E. We are constantly adapting new models which appear on the market and are popular among UAV pilots, and we intend to continue doing this with model that will be launched soon.  
[PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] developed the platform. [PERSON] analyzed the legal aspects. [PERSON] led the research. All authors contributed to the revision of the paper.  
This work was developed as part of \"MOVIURBAN: Maquina social para la gestion sostenible de cidades inteignetes: movilidad urbana, datos abierto, sensores moviles\". ID: SA070U 16. Project co-financed with Junta Castila y Leon, Consejeria de Educacion and FEDER funds. The research of [PERSON] was co-financed by the European Social Fund (Operational Programme 2014-2020 for Castilla y Leon, EDU/128/2015 BOCYL). The authors declare no conflict of interest.