# Empirical Study on 5G NR Cochannel Coexistence
## 6 Conclusions and Future Work  
In this article, we have presented our detailed empirical 5G NR cochannel coexistence results. We have systematically analyzed the impact of a coexisting outdoor network, which could resemble to any type of 5G network, on the latency and throughput performance of the indoor network for an industrial shopfloor in several different scenarios. These include the performance impact on the UL and the DL transmissions of a factory shopfloor network when there is interference from an outdoor network in UL and DL directions. Moreover, we have studied the impact of the TDD pattern used in the indoor network, and the indoor and outdoor UE deployment positions. Our results indicate that cochannel interference from an outdoor network can downgrade the performance of the indoor network, even for the same TDD pattern used indoors and outdoors, when the outdoor UE is close to the indoor shopfloor deployment. However, the interference effects gradually subside when the outdoor interfering UE moves away from the indoor deployment premises, and eventually disappears. While the performance loss is significant due to cross-link interference, when unsynchronized TDD patterns are used indoors for deployments of outdoor UEs close to the indoor shopfloor premises, there are certain TDD patterns which inherently mitigate the cross-link interference and thereby allow a better UL ratio in the TDD pattern UL/DL split. Detailed knowledge of the cochannel coexistence behavior may be an enabler for tailoring TDD configurations to the needs of industry users. Considering that industrial 5G use cases are typically characterized by a high demand for uplink capacity, appropriate TDD patterns should be considered. We have also observed, in our experimental results, that appropriate link adaptation for high link robustness provides resilience against interference from coexisting networks.  
As part of our ongoing and future work, we are empirically evaluating the adjacent channel coexistence effects, where key performance indicators (KPIs) are studied for both indoor and outdoor networks due to adjacent channel coexistence. We plan to publish our detailed adjacent channel coexistence results and the key findings in a future article.  
Figure 9: DL (**a**) and UL (**b**) latency increase compared to their baseline for synchronized TDD pattern when using different BLER targets in the worst-case deployment setup.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, validation, J.A., J.B.C. and S.S.; methodology, software, formal analysis, research J.B.C. and J.A.; writing J.B.C., J.A., J.S., P.d.B., S.S., L.G., N.K. and R.H.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This work has been performed in the framework of the H2020 project 5G-SMART co-funded by the EU under grant number 857008. This information reflects the consortium's view, but the consortium is not liable for any use that may be made of any of the information contained therein.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of their colleagues [PERSON] and [PERSON] from Ericsson Business Unit Networks.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.