## 2 Related Work
### Internet of Things, a Determinant of the Media Broadcasting Market
The situation of the licenses obtained in both the television and broadcasting fields, with terrestrial and satellite broadcasting, is presented in Table 2, in the period between 2010 and 2020. National audiovisual licenses offer the possibility of a broadcast whose geographical coverage includes over 60% of the Romanian population. In addition, the regional audiovisual licenses allow a broadcast whose geographical area includes a potential audience of up to 20% of the population, from the territory of three to eight counties. The local audiovisual licenses have a smaller potential audience, compared to the regional ones. In 2010, the total number of radio licenses was 592, including local, regional, and national licenses. The trend has been declining for two years, in 2011 and 2014, respectively, especially among local licenses. In 2013, the number of licenses exceeded that of 2010, with 594 licenses being granted at that time. The trend has been oscillating over the years, so that most radio licenses were granted in 2018, with 616 licenses, and in 2020, 589. Moreover, in 2015, they began to be granted radio licenses internationally. Regarding satellite or terrestrial television licenses, most of them were granted in 2010, these being both local, regional, national, and international. They had a downward trend, so in 2015, no local licenses were granted until 2017. Subsequently, at the local level, from 2018 to 2020, one license was granted per year, with the total number decreasing to 101 TV licenses granted locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally. This proves that the Internet has overtaken the traditional media, so many televisions have resorted to the online version of the broadcast, especially since 2014. Table 3 shows the situation of licenses existing in television and radio between 2010 and 2020, with broadcasting through other electronic communications networks. With regard to licenses granted for broadcasting through other electronic communications networks, with regard to televisions, there is a tendency to increase them. If in 2010 there were 141 licenses granted at the local, regional, national and international level, in 2020 they reached a number of 245, the peak being reached in 2015 when 344 licenses were registered. Figure 3 shows the evolution of licensing in the media in the period 2010-2020. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Radio Licenses**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Television Licenses**} \\ \hline
**Year** & **Local** & **Regional** & **National** & **International** & **Total** & **Local** & **Regional** & **National/International** & **Total** \\ \hline
2020 & 557 & 21 & 8 & 3 & 589 & 1 & 6 & 101 \\
2019 & 539 & 21 & 8 & 3 & 571 & 1 & 8 & 113 \\
2018 & 586 & 19 & 8 & 3 & 616 & 1 & 9 & 113 \\
2017 & 564 & 15 & 9 & 3 & 591 & - & 10 & 109 \\
2016 & 545 & 16 & 9 & 3 & 573 & - & 7 & 95 \\
2015 & 569 & 14 & 9 & 3 & 595 & - & 7 & 88 \\
2014 & 529 & 1 & 6 & - & 536 & 171 & 22 & 294 \\
2013 & 588 & 1 & 5 & - & 594 & 287 & 18 & 305 \\
2012 & 579 & 1 & 5 & - & 585 & 343 & 18 & 361 \\
2011 & 573 & 1 & 5 & - & 579 & 366 & 18 & 384 \\
2010 & 586 & 1 & 5 & - & 592 & 371 & 18 & 389 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Source: own processing according to data provided by the National Audiovisual Council.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Licensing for broadcasting and audiovisual services (terrestrial and satellite). Electronic TV licenses have grown exponentially, from 141 to 245 in 2020. On the other hand, TV, terrestrial, and satellite licenses have fallen sharply since 2010, when there were 245 licenses, and in 2020, there are 141 licenses left. At the same time, radio licenses remained on the same line, with a decline in 2014.