# Focal Muscle Vibration for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of Vibration Parameters and Protocols
## 3 Results
### Search Results
\\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 4/6 & GP (Grip Pressure) & Muscle activity \\  & **Intervention:** FMV & & Decreased stability error: Se, Pre \\  & & & 0.133 \(\pm\) 0.048, Se, Post 0.077 \(\pm\) 0.025 \\  & & & GP: 39.1 \(\pm\) 13.3, 33.5 \(\pm\) 11.3, 32.6 \(\pm\) 10.4 \\ \hline P7. [PERSON] & **Design:** RCT & & RG: No significant changes \\  & **Subjects (n):** 36; RG \(-\) 12, SG \(-\) 12 & & observed \\  & **Age:** RG 61 (27\(-\)83), StG 61.5 & & StG: Decrease in F-wave amp. and \\ P7. Noma & **(41\(-\)83), EG 57.5 (38\(-\)83)** & & MAS \\  & **Stroke type:** Acute & EMG (F-wave) & F/M ratio immediately after \\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 16/20 & & vibration, but not 30 min later. \\  & **Intervention:** RG (Rest Group) & & EG: Significant improvements in \\  & \(-\) no FMV, StG (Stretch Group))- & & F-wave \& MAS scores immediately \\  & **Trventor:** EG – ST and & & after vibration which also remained \\  & **Subjects (n):** 49; EG 28, CG 21 & & 30 min later. \\ P8. & **Age:** EG 57.42 \(\pm\) 12.79, CG & WMTF FAS (Wolf & EG: number of patients with more \\  & 61.85 \(\pm\) 15.74 & Motor Function & than 0.37 points increase in WMFT \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & Test Functional & FAS post-intervention increased \\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 23/26 & Ability Scale) & CG: No improvement in WMFT FAS \\  & **Intervention:** EG– PT and & VAS (Visual Analog & No significant changes in MAS \& vs. AS in CG or EG after 1 month of \\  & **FMV, CG– PT, FES+sham** & & \\ \hline P9. [PERSON] et al. & **Design:** RCT & & PS: Greater improvements in \\  & **Subjects (n):** 31; EG 16, CG 15 & & distance with eyes-open (\(-\)11.91 vs. 0.80) and eyes-closed (\(-\)20.67 vs. \\  & **Age:** SG 53.31 \(\pm\) 8.37, CG 55.73 & & \(-\)0.34) and velocity with eyes-open \\ P9. [PERSON] et al. & \(\pm\) 8.27 & PS (Postural Sway) & (\(-\)0.40 vs. 0.03) and eyes-closed \\
2013 & **Stroke type:** Chronic & Gait & (\(-\)0.69 vs. \(-\)0.01) in EG than CG. \\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 16/15 & & Gait: Greater improvement in gait \\  & **Intervention:** EG– PT, FES & & speed (15.06 vs. 2.85), cadence (8.46 vs. 1.55), step length (7.90 vs. 3.64), and single limb support time (0.12 vs. 0.01) in EG than CG. \\ \hline P10. [PERSON] et al. & & & Normalized jerk significantly \\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 14/30 & & decreased in the EG, but not in \\  & **Intervention:** EG– PT and & Br-stage & the CG. \\  & **Design:** RCT & mRS (modified \\  & **Subjects (n):** 44; EG 24, CG 20 & & \\  & **Age:** EG 58.9 \(\pm\) 14.7, CG 58.3 \(\pm\) 12.4 & & Linear velocity significantly \\  & 12.4 & Rankin Scale) & increased in the EG, but not in \\ P10. & **Age:** EG– PT, FES+sham & KE (Kinematic \\  & 12.4 & & the CG. \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & Evaluation) & Angular velocity at shoulder \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & FS (Fugl-Meyer \\  & **Hemiplegia, R/L (n):** 14/30 & & significantly improved in EG, but not in \\  & **Intervention:** EG– PT and & Scale) & not in CG. \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & MS (Modified \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & MS (Modified \\  & **Subjects (n):** 44; EG 24, CG 20 & & \\  & **Stroke type:** Chronic & MS (Mod \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Article and No.** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Design and Participant Characteristics**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Outcome Measure**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Results**} \\ \hline \multirow{10}{*}{P11. [PERSON] et al. 2014} & **Design:** RCT & \multirow{4}{*}{**Design:** RCT **Subjects (_n_): 30; EG 15, CG 15**} & \multirow{4}{*}{**MAS**} & EG: MAS significantly improved at T1 \\  & **Age:** EG 64.7 \(\pm\) 5.4, CG 65.1 \(\pm\) 5.8 & & & and T2 with respect to T0 \\  & 5.8 & & & CG: the improvement reached statistical significance only at T2 \\  & **Stroke type:** NR & \multirow{4}{*}{**Henniplega, R/L (_n_): 26/4**Intervention:** EG- PT and & & & Similar results were observed for time to complete the tasks. \\  & & & & \\  & FMV, CG- PT and sham & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._  
\begin{table}