## 4 Application of the Proposed Methodology Under Uncertainty
### Ranking Cities
Hazards risk is the lowest in Mardin (0.995), Erzurum (0.984) and Malatya (0.971) and highest in Istanbul (0.0), Ankara (0.632) and Izmir (0.667). While Mardin shows the best performance in all sub-categories due to its location and characteristics, Istanbul has the lowest performance in almost all sub-criteria. The Legal Risk is the lowest in Istanbul (0.805), Ankara (0.307) and Antalya (0.221) and highest in Gaziantep (0.116), Hatay (0.119) and Sanluurfa (0.138). Istanbul performs well in almost all sub-criteria. With an overall score of 0.637 regarding the Energy criterion, Izmir ranks first out of 30 metropolitan cities. It is followed by Istanbul (0.526) and Adana (0.475). On the other hand, Malatya ranks lowest with an OPS score of 0.022. Van (0.027) and Ordu (0.024) are followed as the least efficient energy cities. The reasons for the low performance of cities are the low share of renewable energy and electricity production. Regarding the environmental impact and utilization criterion, Adana ranks first with an overall score of 0.804. It is followed by Antalya (0.798) and Mersin (0.789). Low air pollution and less population exposure to pollution have increased Adana's environmental scores. At the other end of the spectrum, Istanbul (0.388), Hatay (0.516) and Konya (0.534) are among the least environmentally friendly cities. Istanbul scores the metropolitan with the highest total GHG emissions. With a score of 0.746, considering the transportation infrastructure criterion, Istanbul ranks first out of 30 cities. Ankara and Izmir followed with scores of 0.485 and 0.430, respectively. Istanbul has the highest scores on air quality of transport infrastructure, green number of vehicles and number of energy/charge stations. On the other hand, Ordu (0.038), Trabzon (0.054) and Van (0.065) are among the least developed locations in terms of transport infrastructure quality. Regarding 30 metropolitan cities, Istanbul tops the charts with a score of 0.657. Konya and Ankara tailed with scores of 0.374 and 0.276, respectively. Istanbul performs the best scores on secure servers, broadband subscriptions and network security sub-criteria. With a score of 0.061, Hatay stands out last among 30 metropolitan cities in terms of IT infrastructure, tailed by Eskisehir (0.064) and Balikesir (0.063). Regarding the 30 metropolitan cities with a process/operation capabilities score of 0.851, Kocaeli and Tekirdag rank first. Considering the industrial investments and companies in these cities, the technical skills of the existing workforce, the output of existing processes and rapid response to changing consumer preferences are the biggest factors in these cities getting high scores. It is closely followed by Sakarya (0.850) and Bursa (0.845). Mardin (0.360) ranks last among the 30 metropolitan cities, tailed by Sanluurfa (0.362) and Kahramanmaras (0.365). Regarding the social criterion, Istanbul ranks first with a score of 0.964. It is followed by Ankara (0.444) and Izmir (0.306). Istanbul ranks first thanks to its high score in the following sub-criteria: rural access index, convenient access to public transport, car registrations, population manager-employee relationships, successful partnership and vendor/supplier breaches. With a score of 0.018, Van ranks last among the 30 metropolitan cities, followed by Kahramanmaras (0.033) and Mardin (0.059).