## 4 Result and Discussion
### Comparative Analysis with Other Methods
At a time of 400 seconds, the existing SRABC method time is 69.7 s, which the proposed method improves to 12.1 s. At a time of 400 seconds, the existing AODV method time is 89 s, which the proposed method improves to 31.7 s. At a time of 400 seconds, the existing DSR method time is 99.5 s, which the proposed method improves to 41.9 s. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Dropped packets**} & **Time (s)** & **0** & **100** & **200** & **300** & **400** \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Proposed** & 12.2 & 30.6 & 41.8 & 48.5 & 57.6 \\ \cline{2-7}  & SRABC & 19.5 & 39.3 & 48.5 & 58.5 & 69.7 \\ \cline{2-7}  & AODV & 46 & 60 & 79 & 88.5 & 89 \\ \cline{2-7}  & DSR & 61 & 76 & 90 & 98 & 99.5 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Average end delay(s)**} & **Pause Time** & **20** & **40** & **60** & **80** & **100** \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Proposed** & 0.04 & 0.073 & 0.132 & 0.166 & 0.172 \\ \cline{2-7}  & SRABC & 0.09 & 0.115 & 0.158 & 0.188 & 0.198 \\ \cline{2-7}  & AODV & 0.19 & 0.178 & 0.187 & 0.2 & 0.21 \\ \cline{2-7}  & DSR & 0.197 & 0.19 & 0.2 & 0.218 & 0.22 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: _Cont._  
Figure 15: Average end delay(s) of the proposed and existing methods by varying pause time. Figure 17 and Table 4 show the packet-delivery ratio (%) of the proposed methods by varying time. At a time of 20 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio of the proposed method is 72.2%, whereas the packet-delivery ratios of the existing SRABC and HWMP methods are 69.5% and 52.54%, respectively. At a time of 40 seconds, the pack-et-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 79.5%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 76%, 64%, and 58%, respectively. At a time of 60, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 82.3%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 78.6%, 66%, and 60%, respectively. At a time of 80 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 87.6%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 84%, 72%, and 68%, respectively. At a time of 100, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 91.6%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 89.1%, 78.2%, and 73.3%, respectively. The graph clearly in-dicates that the proposed method's packet-delivery ratio obtains the maximum value compared to the prior techniques. Figure 18 and Table 4 show the packet-delivery ratio (%) of the proposed and existing methods by varying time. At a time of 200 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio of the proposed method is 93.3%, whereas for the existing SRABC, AODV, and DSR methods, it is 91.7, 84 and 71.5%, respectively. At a time of 400 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 95.2%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 94%, 85%, and 75%, respectively. At a time of 600 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 96.4%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 95%, 90%, and 79%, respectively. At a time of 800 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 98.1%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 96.5%, 91.5%, and 87.2%, respectively. At a time of 1000 seconds, the packet-delivery ratio for the proposed method is 99.1%, whereas for the existing methods, it is 98%, 94%, and 91%, respectively. So, the proposed method delivers a higher packet ratio when compared to other approaches. At a time of 1000 seconds, the existing SRABC method time is 98 s, which the proposed method improves to 1.2 s. At a time of 1000 seconds, the existing AODV method time is 94 s, which the proposed method improves to 5.2 s. At a time of 1000 seconds, the existing DSR method time is 91 s, which the proposed method improves to 8.2 s.  
Figure 16: Dropped packets of the proposed and existing methods by varying time (s). a throughput of 1230, compared to the throughputs of the existing methods, which are 950, 790, and 580, respectively. At a time of 80 seconds, the proposed model achieves a throughput of 1880, compared to the throughputs of the existing methods, which are 1550, 1332, and 1190, respectively.