## 3 State of the Art  
The investigation into the enhancement of seismic performance in precast beam-column connections has yielded a variety of innovative methodologies. A multitude of studies have concentrated on the challenges associated with connection zones in prefabricated structures. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [19] devised a beam-column connection model that incorporates bolts and steel plates, revealing minimal cracking at the joint, despite the prevalence of withdrawal stresses on the bolts at the beam's extremity. [PERSON] et al. [20] introduced an energy dissipation mechanism utilizing a short H-shaped steel element with a web opening, which demonstrated significant capabilities for energy dissipation, rotational capacity, and ductility, thereby outperforming monolithic joints in performance metrics. [PERSON] et al. [21] focused on creating a beam-to-column steel joint with low-yield-point steel for energy dissipation, effectively regulating the plastic hinge locations through energy dissipation segments. Their experimental findings illustrated improved hysteretic behavior and enhanced ductility as compared to traditional monolithic connections. [PERSON] et al. [22] presented a precast hybrid steel fiber concrete solution for beam-column joints, emphasizing end plate configurations that resulted in connections exhibiting superior strength and energy dissipation qualities, adequately addressing seismic force requirements. [PERSON] et al. [23] showed that using lap-spliced steel bars in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) for precast beam and column connections is effective. [PERSON] et al. [24] developed a precast connection designed around an ideal plastic hinge failure mechanism, indicating enhanced strength and separability post-seismic damage, thereby improving the resilience of prefabricated structures in seismic-prone regions. [PERSON] et al. [25] delineated a single-yielding precast concrete connection that incorporates a replaceable energy-dissipation connector for effective management of bending moments, which mitigates damage and facilitates rapid recovery following seismic events. [PERSON] et al. [26] crafted a prefabricated joint featuring a steel tube and an adjustable hinge, which exhibited excellent hysteretic behavior and deformation capability, promoting localized damage while simplifying assembly for precast frame systems. [PERSON] et al. [15] proposed a replaceable ACPH within beam-column connections, achieving enhanced energy dissipation and ductility under seismic loading conditions. The research results reveal that the PRC configuration, which incorporates an ACPH, exhibits superior deformability and ductivity. This design effectively localizes the structural deformation induced by seismic forces at the ACPH, thereby safeguarding the integrity of the concrete elements from potential damage. Furthermore, the study adeptly translates the design methodology and underlying principles into specific formulas, presenting three deformation coordination coefficients. These coefficients are critical in regulating the bearing capacity, rotational stiffness, and deformability of the interaction between the ACPH and the RC components, consequently improving the performance characteristics of the beam-column joints. [PERSON] et al. [27] detailed a joint design incorporating a beam end disc spring, which enhanced seismic performance, increasing bearing capacity and energy dissipation compared to conventional joints. In their study, [PERSON] et al. [28] introduced the inter-module connection (IMC) featuring a cross-shaped plug-in connector, which exhibits commendable mechanical properties. Their findings illustrate that the dimensions of the beams and columns, along with the axial compression ratios, play a significant role in determining the bearing capacity of the connector. [PERSON] et al. [29] presented equations intended for determining the most effective placements of replaceable ACPHs within PRC beam-column connections.