# Application of the Clark-Wright Method to Improve the Sustainability of the Logistic Chain
## 6 Discussion
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**Aim of Research** & **Impacts** & **Applications** \\ \hline Improving efficiency and effectiveness & By optimizing the routes, the efficiency and effectiveness of waste collection is improved, which reduces costs and improves the use of resources. & Use in waste management in cities and municipalities, but also in private waste collection companies. \\ Financial savings & The optimization of routes contributes to a reduction in costs associated with the operation and maintenance of vehicles. Reducing distances traveled and optimizing routes contributes to lower greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental benefits. & Use in curtiy and municipal administration to improve public waste collection. \\ Environmental protection & & \\ Support for the improvement of public service & & \\ \hline Optimizing vehicle crew & The proposed method helps with the selection of optimal routes and the allocation of vehicles, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the vehicle crew. & Use in city and municipal administration to improve public waste collection. \\ Technological innovations & Our research leads to the development of new technological tools and software for optimizing and tracking vehicle routes. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 14: Impacts and applications of the results. tions that may vary depending on specific local conditions, such as fuel prices, vehicle maintenance costs, or emissions associated with different types of vehicles. Based on the findings and limitations of this study, future research could be focused on several key areas that would contribute to a deeper understanding and improved optimization of waste collection processes. One of the possible directions of future research could include the integration of dynamic elements, such as seasonal fluctuations in the volume of waste, changes in the traffic situation, or variability in the type of waste collected. Developing a model that would be able to respond flexibly to these changes could lead to even more efficient and adaptive solutions. The next step could be to test the Clark-Wright method in different geographic and demographic settings. In this way, one could verify how well the method works in areas with different topographical conditions, population density, or infrastructure, which would allow for generalization of the results. Long-term studies that track the economic and environmental impacts of optimized routes over several years could provide valuable insights into sustainable waste management. Taking long-term variables into account, such as changes in fuel costs, vehicle wear and tear, or the impact on emissions, could demonstrate the real benefit of these optimizations. An example of practical use is the City of San Francisco, which utilizes a system for monitoring the fill level of containers using sensors, allowing them to dynamically adjust waste collection routes. This has resulted in a 20% reduction in the number of trips and a 15% fuel savings [46; 47; 48]. Similar systems are also being tested in Europe, where autonomous vehicles carry out waste collection based on real-time optimized routes. For example, the Volvo Group, in cooperation with the Swedish waste management company Renova, is testing an autonomous garbage truck. This project, conducted in Sweden, explores the integration of technologies such as LiDAR and real-time route optimization to improve the safety and efficiency of waste collection in urban environments. The autonomous system allows the vehicle to adjust its route based on current data on the fill levels of waste containers and traffic conditions, reducing unnecessary trips and optimizing fuel consumption [49]. Additionally, solutions from AMCS Group for autonomous waste collection vehicles include advanced data integration and real-time optimization capabilities, which are being piloted in various European cities.