## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline
**Group** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Control (N = 15)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Nutri4 (N = 15)**} \\
**Parameter** & **before** & **after** & **before** & **after** \\ \hline IL-17A (pg/mL) & 9.0 \(\pm\) 0.23 & 8.69 \(\pm\) 0.83 & 9.04 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 7.73 \(\pm\) 1.37 \({}^{*}\) \\ TGF-1\(\beta\) (pg/mL) & 2845 \(\pm\) 867 & 3181 \(\pm\) 587 & 2497 \(\pm\) 1344 & 1556 \(\pm\) 531 \({}^{*}\) \\ C3a (pg/mL) & 4232 \(\pm\) 2639 & 4243 \(\pm\) 2685 & 4548 \(\pm\) 2296 & 4635 \(\pm\) 1946 \\ TNF-\(\alpha\) (pg/mL) & 3.42 \(\pm\) 0.66 & 3.55 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 3.47 \(\pm\) 0.52 & 3.3 \(\pm\) 0.46 \\ INF-\(\gamma\) (pg/mL) & 9.86 \(\pm\) 1.73 & 9.55 \(\pm\) 1.34 & 9.83 \(\pm\) 1.50 & 9.36 \(\pm\) 1.16 \\ IL-6 (pg/mL) & 18.1 \(\pm\) 0.6 & 18.0 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 17.7 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 17.4 \(\pm\) 1.3 \\ IL-10 (pg/mL) & 0.86 \(\pm\) 0.28 & 0.87 \(\pm\) 0.45 & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.17 \\ IL-23 (pg/mL) & 9.89 \(\pm\) 0.69 & 9.85 \(\pm\) 0.58 & 10.24 \(\pm\) 0.54 & 10.29 \(\pm\) 0.92 \\ MCP-1 (pg/mL) & 37.4 \(\pm\) 16.3 & 36.7 \(\pm\) 22.6 & 24.6 \(\pm\) 15.4 & 31.2 \(\pm\) 2.45 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Data are presented as mean \(\pm\) standard deviation (SD). IL 17A—interleukin 17A; TGF-1\(\beta\)—transforming growth factor beta; C3a—complement component; TNF-\(\alpha\)—tumor necrosis factor alpha; INF-\(\gamma\)—interferon gamma; IL-6—interleukin 6; IL-10—interleukin 10; IL-23—interleukin 23; MCP-1—monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. \({}^{*}\)\(p<\) 0.05 before vs. after within the group (control or Nutri4)—paired \(t\)-test.  
\end{table} 
Table 5: The effect of functionally enriched (Nutri4) and regular (control) chicken egg consumption on serum concentration of anti- and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in participants with chronic coronary syndrome. outcome of serious adverse cardiovascular events [32]. Nevertheless, the European Society of Cardiology recommends supplementation with n-3 PUFAs in combination with statins to lower triglyceride levels [33]. Our study showed that the consumption of Nutri4 eggs in participants with CCS caused a significant reduction in serum triglyceride levels, whereas the levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol did not change significantly. It is important to state that the participants in our study had a history of CCS and were receiving optimal drug therapy, including statins and other hypolipemic drugs; therefore, triglyceride levels at the start of the dietary protocol were within the recommended levels for this group of patients. However, the consumption of Nutri4 eggs further lowered triglyceride levels, suggesting additional beneficial effects on the serum lipids of the n-3 PUFAs contained in these eggs. N-3 PUFAs may act to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and one of their vasoconstr protective benefits is improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation [34; 35]. A previous study by our research group including healthy subjects who consumed n-3 PUFA-enriched eggs (1053 mg PUFAs daily) for three weeks showed improved PORH in the skin microcirculation. However, this effect was not observed in patients with ACS and CCS who consumed 1053 mg PUFAs per day in the form of enriched chicken eggs for three weeks [12]. On the other hand, in the present study, both microvascular and macrovascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation was improved in the group of CCS patients who consumed nutrient-enriched chicken eggs. This difference is a possible effect of the composition of the eggs; Nutri4 eggs are additionally enriched with vitamin E, selenium, and lutein, which, together with n-3 PUFAs, may have an additive effect. Also, in the previous study, the subjects were patients with both ACS and CCS, so the different results could also be related to a difference in the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease in its acute and chronic phases. We found that the selenium plasma concentration was significantly increased after the consumption of Nutri4 eggs.