## 1 Introduction  
A prominent model organism for plant biology research is _Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens_, also known as the spreading earth moss. It provides a unique opportunity to study plant evolution and development [1; 2; 3; 4]. With a genome size of about 480 megabases, _P. patens_ has been thoroughly sequenced and annotated, providing the basis for extensive genomic research [5]. Its haploid-dominant life cycle is noteworthy for enabling genetic manipulation, making it a valuable asset for scientific exploration [6]. The moss's accessibility in experimental settings is a significant advantage. It boasts a short generation time, easy axenic cultivation in the laboratory, and genetic transformation capabilities [7]. Moreover, its high regenerative capacity provides ample opportunities to study developmental processes and responses to environmental stimuli [8; 9]. Positioned exquisitely in the evolutionary spectrum of plant life, _P. patens_ is an excellent model to investigate the origins and adaptations of terrestrial plants. Studies of _P. patens_ have elucidated the transition from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems, the evolution of plant structures, and the acquisition of traits needed to thrive on land [10; 11]. The moss's unique developmental characteristics, particularly its dominant haploid phase, the gametophyte, comprising protonema and gametophore, provide an excellent context for investigating the complexities of plant reproduction and growth. Investigations into the regulatory mechanisms of cell differentiation, gametogenesis, and sporogenesis in this moss have provided insights that have broader relevance to plant development as well as its physiology and structure [12; 13; 14; 15], its relationship against aggressors and with the outside [16; 17]. In sum, _P. patens_ has assumed a pivotal role as a model organism in the fields of evolutionary and developmental biology, bridging gaps in our comprehension of early terrestrial plant life. The _P. patens_ adult gametophyte, the gametophore, has a cuticle whose chemical composition and structural features are similar to those of flowering plants. This suggests that this played a pivotal role in the transition of plants to terrestrial environments, effectively regulating water status and providing protection against biotic and abiotic stressors. Moreover, research involving mutant plants with reduced cuticular wax accumulation supports the notion that the gene responsible for cuticle wax formation in _P. patens_ is evolutionarily conserved across different plant species, including _Arabidopsis thaliana_ ([PERSON]). [PERSON], suggesting its early emergence during the terrestrial invasion of plants [4; 18; 19; 20; 21]. Despite _P. patens_ cuticle having a relatively thinner profile compared to vascular plants, it plays a pivotal role in reducing water loss and providing defense against desiccation and environmental stressors. The intricate structure comprises two primary components: cutin, a polyester matrix of hydroxy fatty acids, diacids, and glycerol, and a variety of waxes. The wax elements consist of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), primary and secondary fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, wax esters, and nonaliphatic elements such as triterpenoids and flavonoids [22]. Cutin, composed of hydroxy and epoxy fatty acids, creates a waterproof barrier that significantly reduces water loss [23]. The presence of cutin, along with suberin, another essential lipid polymer rich in fatty acids within the cuticle, facilitates water conservation and adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. This intricate interplay of lipids within the cuticle underscores its vital role as a crucial interface, facilitating the moss's ecological success in various habitats. As the cutin and waxy layer are presented as a protective threshold with external aggressors and contamination, the elucidation of its composition is paramount [18; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; 27]. Although _P.