## 1 Introduction
(2020) [16] investigated the VIV performance of a box girder with a self-issuing jet flow method at different angles of attack and analyzed the flow field characteristics. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [17] validated the accuracy of numerical simulation method and model, and the distribution and evolution of VIPs and energy were investigated. Then, the mechanism of VIV for a streamlined box girder was studied from the perspective of force and energy. [PERSON] et al. (2018) [18] explored the prediction technology of VIV wind speed for a road rail bridge and discovered that, because a Strouhal number is a natural characteristic of the section, the wind speed can be accurately estimated at any natural frequency when predicting VIV wind speed. Ground effects on vortex-induced vibration of bridge decks were investigated by [PERSON] et al. (2019) [19], who discovered that periodic vortex shedding generates periodic stresses on the structure, resulting in the development of VIVs. Vortex shifting can be accelerated by ground effects, while aerodynamic forces on the deck are lessened. [PERSON] et al. (2019) [20] proposed a method based on random decrement technology for automatically distinguishing VIV response from huge acceleration response. When this technology is used on the Xhiounen Bridge, it is discovered that the amplitude of VIV decreases with increasing turbulence intensity. [PERSON] et al. (2021) [21] investigated a split three-box girder bridge and reported enormous vortices developed behind the upstream box's safety barrier, behind the maintenance track, and above the downstream highway box, resulting in severe VIV. The influence of embedded rails on the vortex vibration performance of a long-span bridge was investigated by [PERSON] et al. (2021) [22]. According to the findings, the inclined railing may significantly lower flow pulsation velocity in the wake, as well as the span-wise correlation of flow velocity in the wake. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2021) [23] investigated the effect of the torsional-bending frequency ratio on the VIV performance of \(\pi\)-shaped sections and discovered that torsional motion causes a small amount of energy to be transferred from vertical to torsional. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is gradually maturing due to significant advancements in computer technology. For the fluid-structure coupling dynamic analysis, with the help of CFD simulation, the pressure distribution on the structural surface can be easily obtained [24; 25; 26; 27], and the visualization of flow field can also be realized readily [28; 29; 30]. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [31] investigated the VIV performance of circular steel hangersutilizing simulation methods and proposed a simplified method to calculate the equivalent static forces of VIV. [PERSON] et al. (2016) [32] focused on a trapezoidal box girders and investigated the influence of degree of sharpness on the aeroelastic behavior via numerical simulations of the flow field. [PERSON] et al. (2021) [33] focused on the relationship between vortex drift mode and vibration response in the locking range of VIV and established a simplified vortex model for streamlined closed-box girders. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [34] used a numerical method to investigate the effect of several aerodynamic measurements on the VIV properties of a two-box edge girder and discovered that the strength of vortices around the upper and lower surfaces of the section decrease, effectively suppressing vertical VIV. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [35] investigated the VIV performance of a box girder and discovered that when employing a numerical simulation approach, a wide span-wise domain is necessary to compute the VIV amplitude. [PERSON] et al. (2021) [36] used numerical modeling to investigate the source of vertical VIV in a truss girder with two decks and discovered that the vertical VIV of the bridge is likely caused by vortices behind or above the upper deck, which is connected to the guardrails.