## 6 Conclusions  
This research developed two questionnaires for the public and traffic police and analyzed their attitudes toward applying FRT and its effects and privacy issues. The results indicate that:  
1. The public's attitudes toward FRT are related to two individual characteristics: Education level (\(\chi^{2}(3)=114.730\), \(p<0.001\); \(\chi^{2}(3)=103.534\), \(p<0.001\); \(\chi^{2}(3)=90.292\), \(p<0.001\)) and driving license status (U = 998.000, \(p<0.001\); U = 2865.5, \(p<0.001\)). The MCA results (Figure 4) show that a person with a higher education level or a driving license supports FRT.
2. There are significant differences between the public and traffic police in attitudes toward FRT (U = 6958.500, \(p<0.001\)). Traffic police support FRT application more than the public, as the technology is conducive to reducing red-light running behavior of e-bikers and enforcement effort.
3. Based on data analysis, we make some suggestions about the application of FRT. Improving the education level and safety knowledge of the public helps to enhance their support to FRT under the circumstances that privacy is protected completely. There are also several suggestions about the use of FRT. For example, laws and regulations on applying FRT could protect the public from privacy invasion, updating the technology of FRT to protect information better, and that the public should consent before using these systems for the specific and justified purposes in question.
4. This research has some limitations. The questionnaire designed for the public is not comprehensive enough, and more detailed questions about privacy violations could be included in the future. In addition, this research is only based on the investigation of e-bikers in Fuzhou, China and e-bikers from other cities and other groups (e.g., pedestrians and bicyclists) may have different attitudes toward FRT.  
This study investigates the application of FRT from the perspectives of the public and traffic police. We analyzed the rationality of the use of FRT in combination with the public's attitudes toward personal privacy invasion. Our research has a certain contribution to society and science. Based on the research results, we recommend that government departments should carry out the following tasks for the public, including people with low education and without driving licenses: (1) Conduct safety education and training regularly, and (2) promote the fact that the final purpose of FRT application is to improve public security's awareness and publish information without violating privacy.  
Conceptualization, Y.Y. and J.L.; methodology, Y.Y. and J.L.; validation, Y.Y., J.L., and D.Y.; formal analysis, D.Y.; investigation, D.Y.; writing--original draft preparation, D.Y.; writing--review and editing, Y.Y., J.L., and D.Y.; visualization, J.L. and S.M.E.; supervision, J.L. and S.M.E.; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
No applicable.  
The study did not report any data.  
The authors are grateful to four anonymous reviewers for their thorough and most helpful comments. They also thank the Fujian Traffic Police Corps for funding this research and to [PERSON] from the Fuzhou Traffic Police detachment for his valuable support of this study.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.