## 4 Results
10%); therefore, the points that were generated as SCP were taken as evaluation points for the analysis of the Line-of-Sight Displacement Map (LOS) and the vertical displacement map. This aspect is important to highlight, since, as can be seen in Figure 3a, for the total area of the study region, 90% of pixels show low coherence (\(\leq\)0.5). This is largely due to the effect generated by the areas that have dense vegetation cover 48% (194 km\({}^{2}\)) of the study region. Vegetation is one of the factors that generates a volumetric dispersion effect within the interferogram, showing low coherence values that are described as areas that contain only noise, since significant vegetation cover reduces the spatial density of the coherent elements [8; 25]. The effect of vegetation is described due to its high presence in the region, since it was possible to identify forested areas from an analysis that considers the minimum canopy density of 30% and minimum canopy height in situ of 5 m, with a minimum area of 0.01 km\({}^{2}\). This information was acquired through satellite monitoring of forest areas carried out by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM), based on medium- and high-resolution images from Sentinel 1-2 and Planet Scope [59]. The other factor influencing the low coherence for the region is the topographic slope relationship. If we take as a reference the areas that have a slope > 30\({}^{\circ}\), they represent 34% (137 km\({}^{2}\)) of the study area, to which condition is added the geomorphological aspect, which is described as an abrupt relief with straight and steep slopes. This effect of topography on the coherence of short baseline interferograms is very important, as areas with steep relief or a high slope often induce important atmospheric signals [8; 24]. Considering the above, the objective of this research is to estimate the degree of deformation of the rock massif in the study region influenced by the tectonic elements present, and as an added value, how this deformation can inherently affect the creation of unstable planes. To this end, the regions that present a high coherence within the interferograms are selected, in addition to the selection of the SCP as internally distributed points that are found in the regions that have a relatively flat, homogeneous topography of great extension and with a low density of vegetation (forests). They were considered because regions with arid terrain or little vegetation, and with homogeneous and flat surfaces, can obtain high values of temporal coherence [1; 60]. This allows a coherent evaluation to be made for the degree of analysis required in the present research, where the physical concept was also applied that the rock massif for the study region behaves as a rigid body that is limited by the regional tectonic and structural context. In this way, the average degree of deformation is established for the entire study region with some subtle internal variations. Figure 3: Coherence map (example) describing the threshold established for this research (**a**). Statistical control points (SCP) created for correlation analysis between the different interferograms (**b**). Number of cumulative pixels (frequency) for the 111 interferograms in ascending orbit (**c**). Cumulative number of pixels (frequency) for the 114 interferograms in descending orbit (**d**). Within the statistical analysis, as a function of differential interferometry (step 3, Figure 2), the construction of the multi-temporal statistical sequence of each differential interferogram in ascending and descending orbit was carried out, where the Line-of-Sight Displacement Map (LOS) and the vertical displacement map products were downloaded, which were correlated with the SCP. These products were obtained under the work order carried out on the ASF portal and were later delimited to the geometry of the study region.