## 8 Conclusions  
UFMC, a formidable contender among 5G waveforms, combines the strengths of FBMC and OFDM, resulting in a more effective trade-off. Its subcarrier partitioning, similar to FBMC, relaxes the requirement for subcarrier orthogonality. Moreover, UFMC eliminates the need for CP, leading to better spectral efficiency compared to OFDM. Its shorter time-domain symbols make it particularly suitable for burst communication scenarios. Additionally, UFMC exhibits excellent out-of-band suppression capabilities and achieves extremely high spectral efficiency, facilitating the concentration of jamming energy within the main lobe. This attribute extends the effective jamming distance, establishing UFMC as a superior choice for integrated radar jamming and communication systems compared to FBMC and OFDM.  
The UFMC chirp joint waveform proposed in this study consolidates radar jamming and communication signals onto the same spectrum. In this innovative design, jamming signals can be modulated onto different sub-bands to increase the number of false targets generated within a single pulse period. At the same time, the frequency spectrum structure of the chirp signal is employed as the pilot segment in the communication signal. This aids in channel equalization, thereby enhancing overall communication performance. The integration of these features ensures the generation of dense false target jamming while simultaneously achieving high-speed communication transmission, completing diverse communication tasks.  
The effectiveness of the proposed UFMC chirp method was substantiated through a series of simulation experiments. In a challenging multipath environment, UFMC chirp signals can enhance communication performance by increasing the number of sub-bands, aligning more closely with the characteristics of FBMC signals. Moreover, at the jamming end, the CFAR threshold can be raised by more than 20 dB, effectively shielding the target from detection. A detailed analysis of the interleaving ratio between communication and jamming is also presented, along with the identification of an optimal interleaving structure. This meticulous evaluation reinforces the efficacy of the integration waveform system proposed in this paper. In the actual environment simulation experiment of SDR, the proposed method effectively jams with SAR. The proposed system not only meets the current design requirements for joint radar jamming and communication systems, but also offers a practical and viable solution for integrated applications.  
Conceptualization, G.L.; Methodology, Z.H. and Q.Z.; Software, Z.H. and Q.Z.; Validation, B.M.; Formal analysis, G.L.; Investigation, Z.H.; Resources, B.M.; Data curation, Q.Z. and B.M.; Writing--original draft, Z.H. and Q.Z.; Writing--review & editing, G.L., B.M. and H.G.; Supervision, H.G.; Funding acquisition, G.L. and H.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
Figure 17: BER from PC simulation and USRP testing.  
**Funding:** This research received no external funding.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors are thankful for the academic editor's and reviewers' comments on this work.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.