## 3 Results
### Case Studies in the Spanish Market
This approach enables better decision-making by offering early visibility to the director, DOP, cast, and crew of elements that would typically only be revealed much later. The advantages include enhanced photographic composition, a more immersive experience for actors, and improvements in high-quality indirect lighting [52]. Table 1 summarizes the primary benefits of virtual production below. Q2--How has virtual production been used in Spain? When inquiring about the timing and process of implementing Virtual Production (VPX) studios, each of the four companies provided unique insights, summarized in Table 2.  
MR Factory adopted a Chroma VPX pipeline and workflow, achieving final compositing on set or location while also acquiring all the necessary data and media for a post-produced environment if required by the director. Recorded data includes the original greenscreen plate, the matte using the Ultimate key, the CG backdrop, an FBX file with camera tracking data, and the final composite plate. Achieving optimal lighting for characters and props is simplified as adjustments can be made in real time by observing the composite on the monitor [52]. Reflection challenges in greenscreen scenarios were addressed by recreating reflective objects using a game engine. Techniques such as LIDAR scanning or photogrammetry were employed to model accurate 3D versions of problem \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Advantages Director** & **Benefits Production** \\ \hline Adapt better/faster iterations & Avoid limitations of locations \\ Give guidelines to the director or the DOP & Benefits when it comes to costs, scheduling \\ Freedom from a creative point of view & Quicker shooting \\ Actors are more immersed in context. & Multiple locations \\ High-quality indirect lighting & Reduce postproduction times and costs \\ More creative possibilities & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Virtual production benefits. atic objects, ensuring synchronization and tracking with real-world counterparts in the shot [52]. Orca Studio aims at the film market, offering comprehensive vertical services from concept and pre-production to shooting with LED walls, post-production, and final film delivery. The use of live LED walls for in-camera final pixel shots enhances shooting efficiency, providing a flexible and controllable environment with real-time illumination and reflections. This real-time visibility allows for on-the-fly creative decisions, eliminating the waiting period for rendering results. Thorough planning is crucial, requiring testing of all locations before shooting [48]. El Ranchito embarked on its VPX journey with the series \"Hernan,\" recreating the entire island of Tenochtitlan as a virtual environment. The camera could be controlled within this virtual space, obtaining coordinates that guided the real camera placement. This synchronization allowed for a harmonious blend of the real and virtual environments. In HBO's Westworld series, El Ranchito replicated the City of Arts and Sciences in Valencia, using it inside Unreal Engine and displaying it on a 50 by 22-foot LED wall in Los Angeles for in-camera final pixel shots. A notable development from El Ranchito is CrowdER, a crowd system enabling the integration of a virtual environment filled with digital people into a real setting, creating the illusion of events occurring in a different location. El Ranchito's focus lies in tool development and CGI asset creation, offering a versatile approach to 3D animation by integrating Unreal Engine into various stages of production [56]. [PERSON]'s approach involves working with editing, animation (independent of the camera view), cameras, and lighting, closely resembling live-action shooting with digital characters [36]. Q3--How does VPX change the pipeline, schedule, and cost? In a traditional pipeline, tasks are typically executed sequentially, progressing from one stage to the next.