# A CMOS Multiplied Input Differential Difference Amplifier: A New Active Device and Its Applications
## 5 Conclusions
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Work** & **Active Device** & **No. of** & **No. of Controllable** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **MULTIPLICATIVE** \\ **Inter-Terminal** \\ **Relation Available** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Device** \\ **Fabricated** \\ **as IC** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[1; 3; 10; 11; 12] & CDTA 1 & 5 & 1 (g\({}_{\text{m}}\)) a & No & Yes \\
[13] & CCCDTA 2 & 4 & 3 (\(R_{p}\), \(R_{u}\), \(g_{\text{m}}\)) b & No & No \\
[14] & MCDTA 3 & 8 & 2 (\(g_{\text{m}}\), \(S_{\text{m}2}\)) & No & No \\
[15; 16] & CCTA 4 & 4 & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & Yes \\
[17] & CCCCTA 5 & 4 & 2 (\(R_{X}\), \(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & No \\
[18; 19] & CFTA, ZC-CFTA 6 & 4 (5) & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & No \\
[4; 20] & VDCC, ZC-CG-VDCC 7 & 6 (7) & 2 (\(R_{X}\), \(g_{\text{m}}\)) b & Yes \\  & DO-VDBA 8 & 5 & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) & \\
[21] & FB-VDBA 9 & 6 & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & No \\  & DO-CG-VDBVA 10 & 6 & 2 (\(g_{\text{m}}\), \(A\)) d & \\
[22] & MCDU 11 & 5 & 4 (\(R_{p}\), \(R_{u}\), \(B_{1}\), \(B_{2}\)) & No & No \\
[23] & ZC-CCCFDIA 12 & 6 & 2 (\(R_{f}\), \(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & No \\
[7; 8] & VDDDA 13 & 6 & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) & No & No \\
[5; 6] & MMCC 14 & 4 & 1 (\(A\)) e & Yes & No \\ this work & MIDDA & 6 & 1 (\(g_{\text{m}}\)) e & Yes & Yes \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA); 2 Current Controlled CDTA (CCCDTA); 3 Modified CDTA (MCDTA); 4 Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (CCTA); 5 Current Controlled CCTA; 6 (Z-copy) Current Follower Transconductance Amplifier (ZC-C)-FTA; 7 (Z-copy Controlled-Gain) Voltage Differencing Current Converover (VDC, (ZC-C)-VDCC); 8 Dual Output Voltage Differencing Buffered Amplifier (DO-VDBA); 9 Fully Balanced VDB (FB-VDBA); 10 Dual Output Controlled Gain Voltage Differencing Buffered Voltage Amplifier (DO-CG-VDBA); 11 Modified Current Differencing Unit (MCDU); 12 -Z-copy Current Controlled Current Followed Differential Input Transconductance Amplifier (ZC-CCCFDIA); 13 Voltage Differencing Differential Difference Amplifier (VDDDA); 14 Multiplication Mode Current Converover (MMCC); 2 transconductance (\(g_{\text{m}}\)); b electronically adjustable resistance of single current input terminal (\(R_{X}\), \(R_{p}\)) or resistances of differential input terminals (\(R_{p}\), \(R_{u}\)); c electronically adjustable current gain (\(B\)); d electronically adjustable voltage gain (\(A\)); e available if one of the input voltages of the multiplier section is supposed as the DC constant (if necessary for linear inter-terminal operation); f terminals for DC control of parameters not included.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Comparison of recently reported electronically controllable advanced multi-terminal active devices (selected examples). synthesis are discussed in [24] for example), generators, multi-feedback active filters, and active filters, with electronically reconfigurable transfer responses [20; 23], immittance converters, etc. This work was supported by the Czech Scientific Foundation (project 14-24186P). Research described in this paper was financed by the Czech Ministry of Education in the frame of the National Sustainability Program under grant LO1401. For research, infrastructure of the SIX Center was used. [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] provided IC design and layout of fabricated device; [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] conceived, designed and performed the experiments; [PERSON] and [PERSON] wrote the paper. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.