## 4 Discussion  
Electronic voting, based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology, is an advanced field combining innovations to ensure the security, transparency, and efficiency of the electoral process. In this context, the use of cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology gives electronic voting several advantages. 1. Cryptographic protocols:  
Data security: The use of cryptographic methods ensures a high level of protection of voter data. Encryption and signatures ensure the confidentiality and integrity of votes. Identification and authentication: Cryptography allows us to effectively solve the issues of identification and authentication of voters, minimizing the risks of fraud. 2. Blockchain technology:  
Immutability and transparency: The blockchain creates an immutable chain of blocks where each vote is part of a distributed registry. This guarantees transparency and eliminates the possibility of tampering with the results. Decentralization: Due to the decentralized nature of the blockchain, the electronic voting system becomes less susceptible to centralized attacks and manipulations. In conclusion, we will discuss the results of the SMS. As part of this study, we used systematic mapping with bibliometric analysis methods to answer the main research question (MRQ): How does the use of cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology contribute to electronic voting? From the MRQ, the following research questions (RQs) are formulated: RQ-1: What are the results of an analysis of electronic voting, cryptographic protocols, and blockchain technology research history? RQ-2: What aspects are being considered for the study of electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology? RQ-3: What is the main direction of the future development of the topic under study? RQ-4: What is the experience and level of progress of various countries in the deployment of electronic voting systems using cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology? This systematic cartographic study (SMS) on the topic of EV, based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology, shows a significant increase in the number of articles since 2003 (RQ-1). This can be explained by technological development and the increasing applicability of these technologies in various fields. To answer RQ-2, the authors applied the frequency of occurrence, performed keyword clustering using VOSviewer, and wrote Python code to analyze the co-occurrence of keywords. In addition, the authors studied the developed maps of the frequency of occurrence \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Countries**} \\ \hline Canada & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline China & 7 & 3 & & 2 & 5 & 2 & & 2 & 3 & 3 & 2 \\ \hline France & & & 2 & & & & 2 & & & & & \\ \hline India & 3 & 2 & & & & 3 & & 3 & 2 & 3 & 2 \\ \hline Korea & 5 & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline Pakistan & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline United Kingdom & & 3 & 3 & & & 5 & & & & \\ \hline USA & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} The intensity of green color shows countries appearing together. Stronger green means higher coincidence.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: The mutual presence of countries in Scopus in the field of electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology. of keywords using the Pareto distribution.