## 5 Discussion  
As research shows, many substances with disordered structures and initially different natures, such as different classes of glasses, polymers, metal alloys, etc., have similar mechanisms of transitioning from a liquid to a glassy state. This fact is also justified by the discovery in the region of the liquid-glass transition of general rules suitable for different classes of substances [1; 2; 3; 4; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28; 29]. A significant increase in the activation energy of viscous flow with decreasing temperature is a consequence of a change in the configuration of the structure of the melt, which passes into the glassy state [3; 30; 31]. It is known [3] that the activation energy of a viscous flow consists of a pair of components due to the processes of breaking bonds (formation of defects according to [PERSON] [32]) and due to the movement of broken bonds, called configurons [33]. This division of the above energy into a pair of components was first proposed by [PERSON] [1]. It was then further developed in the works of [PERSON] [34], [PERSON] [28], [PERSON] [30], [PERSON] [31], [PERSON] [35], and later by the Sheffield School of Glass [36], also known as the DDO model [8]. In a more rigorous approach, \(E(T)\) should be understood as the free energy of activation, as is customary in the classical works of [PERSON] [37]. The developed model of delocalized atoms [37; 38; 39; 40] assumes that for melts transforming into a glassy state, the activation energy \(E(T)\) in Equation (1) is also decomposed into two components:  
\[E(T)=E_{\infty}+E_{s}(T) \tag{24}\]  
where \(E_{\infty}\) is the potential for the transition of a structural kinetic unit (atom, molecule) to a new local position, and \(E_{S}(T)\) is the potential for a configurational change of structure, which is a function of temperature [28; 38; 39]:  
\[E_{s}(T)=RT\bigg{[}\;exp\bigg{(}\frac{\Delta\varepsilon_{e}}{RT}\bigg{)}-1 \bigg{]} \tag{25}\]  
Here \(\Delta\varepsilon_{e}\) is the delocalization energy of the atom, characterizing the critical deviation of the kinetic unit from the point with the minimum energy. Such a deviation of a kinetic unit is possible with a spatial change in its immediate environment. This process can be considered as a transformation of the structural configuration at the local level. The energy of change  
Figure 7: Results of processing the temperature dependence of the activation energy of viscous flow for Sb-Ge-Se molten glass. The content of Sb is 20 mol.%, Ge—10 mol.%, Se—70 mol.%. Points and experimental data from [24], curve polynomials. in the structure configuration \(E_{S}(T)\) tends to zero in on the case of increasing temperature when \(RT>>\Delta\varepsilon_{e}\). Then, expression (1), taking into account Equations (24) and (25), takes the form of the Arrhenius equation with one potential \(E_{\infty}\). \[\eta=\eta_{0}\;exp\left(\frac{E_{\infty}}{RT}\right) \tag{26}\]  
Thus, the component \(E\infty\) can have the value of the activation energy of the viscous flow at a temperature tending to infinity; in this case \(E_{\infty}=E_{H}\). When the temperature decreases to values around \(T_{g}\), the energy begins to decrease exponentially \(exp(-\Delta\varepsilon_{e}/kT)\)[27; 38]. As a result of such a sharp decrease, \(\Delta\varepsilon_{e}\) becomes comparable to the energy of thermal vibrations of the lattice (\(\sim\)3 \(RT\)) and the relative number of delocalized atoms (\(N_{e}/N\)). As a result of a sharp decrease in the delocalization energy, the structure of the glassy substance (melt) begins to compact, and rearrangement of the kinetic unit will require a local change in the configuration in its vicinity, which leads to a sharp increase in the potential for changing the configuration of the structure \(E_{S}(T)\). In this way, we can explain the exponential increase in the activation energy of the melt in the glass transition region.