# Stripe-Based Futurism-like Image--A New Type of Art and Its Application to Cover Communication
## 4 Experimental Results and Comparisons
### Experimental Results
With Figure 13a as the source image and the secret key \"Monet,\" three stego-images were created, into which the secret message \"One is never too old to learn.\" was embedded, as shown in Figure 13e. 2. By using Figure 14a as the source image and the secret key \"GOGH,\" three stego-images were created, into which the secret message \"Industry is the parent of success.\" was embedded, as shown in Figure 14e. 3. By using Figure 15a as the source image and the secret key \"Action,\" three stego-images were created, into which the secret message \"Actions speak louder than words.\" was embedded, as shown in Figure 15e. 4. By using Figure 16a as the source image and the secret key \"Positive,\" three stego-images were created, into which the secret message \"Make hay while the sun shines.\" was embedded, as shown in Figure 16e. Figures 17-20 show the results of the extracted secret messages from two stego-images. As shown in Figures 17 and 19, by using the right key, the embedded secret messages were extracted successfully. On the contrary, if an incorrect secret key is used in the process of secret message extraction, the extracted secret message will be incorrect, as illustrated by Figures 18 and 20. Additionally, 100 images were obtained from the image database of the website Pexels [32] for an experiment of creating stripe-based Futurism-like art images, embedding as many message bits into them as possible, and then computing the resulting three parameters of the embedding capacity (bits), the embedding rate (bits per pixel or bpp) for stripes with the width of 6 pixels, as well as the K-L divergence value for each stego-image. The results are shown in Table 4. It is noted that the longer side of each obtained original image from the database was resized to be of the length of 1024 pixels before being processed by the proposed art-image-creating algorithm (Algorithm 1). As can be seen from Table 4, the message embeddable into an art image for covert communication on average includes 783 bits, which is equivalent to (783 - 3) \(\div\) 3 \(\times\) 2 \(\div\) 8 = 65 characters. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Title of Cover Image**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Image Size**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**3 Pixels in Width**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**6 Pixels in Width**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**9 Pixels in Width**} \\ \cline{3-8}  & & **No. of** & **No. of** & **No. of** & **No. of** & **No. of** & **No. of** \\  & & **Stripes** & **Secret Bits** & **Stripes** & **Secret Bits** & **Stripes** & **Secret Bits** \\ \hline The Great Wave off & & & & & & & \\ Kanagawa (Figure 4a) & 928 \(\times\) 640 & 1535 & 1020 & 780 & 518 & 533 & 353 \\ A Meadow in the & & & & & & & \\ Mountains (Figure 4c) & 1024 \(\times\) 768 & 1781 & 1184 & 907 & 602 & 610 & 404 \\ Canto patriotitico-Piazza & & & & & & & \\ Siena (Figure 9a) & 1392 \(\times\) 580 & 1884 & 1254 & 958 & 636 & 647 & 429 \\ Forme grido Viva l’Italia & & & & & & & \\ (Figure 9d) & 1056 \(\times\) 764 & 1823 & 1212 & 925 & 614 & 626 & 415 \\ The Manneport, Rock Arch & & & & & & & \\ West of Ertrat (Figure 13a) & 1024 \(\times\) 768 & 1581 & 1052 & 803 & 533 & 541 & 358 \\ Cypresses & & & & & & & \\ (Figure 14a) & 768 \(\times\) 1009 & 1592 & 1058 & 810 & 538 & 549 & 364 \\ Untitled picture (taken by & & & & & & \\ [PERSON] [30]) & 800 \(\times\) 1200 & 1796 & 1194 & 912 & 606 & 620 & 411 \\ (Figure 15a) & & & & & & & \\ Untitled picture (taken by & & & & & & \\ [PERSON] [31]) & 1200 \(\times\) 798 & 2028 & 1350 & 1027 & 682 & 696 & 462 \\ (Figure 16a) & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Embedding capacities (in the unit of bit) of eight cover images with different stripe widths. Figure 17: An illustration of extracting the secret message from the stego-image using the right secret key. (**a**) The stego-image with the stripe widths of 6 pixels shown in Figure 14e. (**b**) The correct result. “Industry is the parent of success.” of hidden data extraction using the secret key “GOGH”.