# Location-Aware Node Management Solution for Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity Scenarios
## 1 Introduction  
The position tracking of mobile network users has enabled to develop a wide variety of new applications nowadays, from assisted driving services [1] to the customization of points of interest recommendation [2]. In these cases, users share their location to receive more advanced services. However, the network operator can also use the location of the user equipments (UEs) to enhance their condition within the mobile network, improving the quality of experience (QoE) perceived in the applications they use. For example, the user location can be used to detect and manage network failures by generating new indicators about areas of interest [3] or to decrease the interference level by adjusting the transmission power [4, 5]. These features can increase the overall performance obtained in the mobile network, which can lead users to perceive a better QoE because the increased network availability or the higher average Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). Moreover, the relevance of the location-awareness functionalities acquire a greater magnitude when combined with new fifth-generation (5G) technologies deployed on nowadays non-standalone networks [6]. For example, the authors of [7] use the location of users to noticeably decrease the interference level when beamforming is used. In a similar context, multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) is one of the 5G features that allows more flexibility in network resource management on non-standalone networks. It allows UEs to simultaneously exchange data with one eNB (evolved Node B) and one gNB (5G New Radio node B), i.e., two nodes that belong to 4G and 5G, respectively [8]. Two different roles will be assigned to these nodes. One node is selected as master, which exchanges signalling between the UE and the core network (CN), as well as defining the radio resource control (RRC) state. In addition, the master node also sends data to the UE. On the other hand, the other node will be assigned as secondary role, only delivering data to the UE. Among other benefits, MR-DC allows UEs to utilize more capacity to reach higher data rates or, alternatively, to send the same information through both links to increase the communication reliability. For instance, the simultaneous transmission of the same data packet through multiple links is addressed in [9]. In this way, it allows to improve the communication reliability as well as latency. Moreover, a mechanism that decides the transmissions to be duplicated is introduced in [10]. It further improves the spectral efficiency. On the other hand, the uneven allocation of resources of the serving nodes allows optimizing the network performance for different purposes. In this way, the authors of [11] propose that each node provides different flow of data in order to minimize the user energy consumption. Similarly, the scheme proposed in [12] pursues a compromise between the minimum energy consumption of the serving nodes and the highest possible Quality of Service (QoS) provided to the UE. The authors of [13] detail a load balancing approach in which the node serving a smaller number of users delivers more traffic. It manages to maintain the QoS required by the already established UEs while the number of UEs in the network increases. In turn, a scheme that aims at minimizing the delay of the complete transmission is introduced in [14]. For this purpose, lower traffic flow is delivered by the node that involves a greater delay. In addition, an appropriate selection of the eNB and gNB that serve each UE allows to maximize this improvement achieved by managing the resources of the suitable nodes. In this regard, the authors of [15] calculate the combination of nodes that maximizes the sum rate capacity. It is computed by using the SINR reported to each node by the UE. However, this solution is proposed for scenarios with a low number of users and nodes since it uses a brute-force algorithm, so it can trigger the number of different combinations in denser environments.