# VR Training System to Help Improve Photography Skills
## 4 Automatic Evaluation Models for Composition and Color
### Focal Points of Composition and Color in Photo Evaluation
#### 4.1.1 Focal Points of Composition  
In assessing the composition of a photo, individuals usually take into account various elements. For this study, we were required to conduct a manual evaluation of the composition. Hence, we consolidated the key points of composition based on [PERSON]'s work [24], which identifies seven focal points in the composition.  
The first one is \"Is the main character clear and outstanding?\" Figure 10 shows examples of photos with and without a clearly outstanding main character when the soap is designated as the main character. In the photo on the right, the main character is vague, and it is unclear where the viewer's gaze should be directed. On the other hand, in the photo on the left, by getting closer to a specific subject, a relationship between the main and supporting characters is established, and the viewer's gaze is guided. Thus, it could be said that a photo with a clear main character and a photo with an ambiguous one give different impressions to the viewer.  
The second one is \"Is the background chosen appropriately?\" The background is important. You cannot take a photo without a background. Because the background has the role of highlighting the main character, if there is anything unnecessary, it becomes noise that distracts the viewer's gaze from the main character. Therefore, a simple background (containing only the intended elements) or a unified one is desirable.  
The third one is \"Is the rule of thirds considered?\" The rule of thirds is a composition where the main subject or horizon is placed on the intersections or lines of a grid dividing the screen into thirds. Practicing the rule of thirds creates moderate white space and has the effect of nicely tying together the entire screen.  
The fourth one is \"Is there space in the direction the subject is facing?\" If there is ample space in the direction the body is facing or the gaze is flowing, it can be considered natural.  
Figure 9: Hue, saturation, and brightness.  
The fifth one is \"Can depth be perceived?\" Figure 11 shows examples of photos where depth can be perceived. Specifically, depth can be felt when there are objects in front of the main character or when there are lines guiding the gaze. In photos where depth can be felt, the addition of a 3D element to what should be a 2D photo enhances the expressive power of the photo.  
The sixth one is \"Doesn't it have a taboo composition?\" Compositions in which it looks like a pole or something is piercing the head (a \"skewered composition\"), lines are entering toward the eyes (an \"eye-stabbing composition\"), or the neck appears to be cut off due to a background roof or fence (a \"neck-cut composition\"), are considered bad luck and should be avoided.  
The seventh one is \"Can symmetry be perceived?\" A symmetrical composition that is symmetrical either vertically or horizontally can give a well-balanced and stable impression.  
These are the focal points of composition. It is not necessarily required to meet all of them, but it can be considered that the more of these points that are met, the better the composition will be.