## 1 Introduction  
The growth and rapid demand for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) early in the 21 st century has influenced many domains such as manufacturing, transportation, communication, healthcare, and agriculture to reach their fullest potential and has led to the proliferation of many advanced sets of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and so on [1]. Among such technologies, the IoT is recognized as a key technology that interconnects every digital device that prevails in the world, allowing them to communicate through machine-to-machine communication [2]. On the whole, as of now, the emergence of the IoT has profoundly altered the day-to-day functionality of everyone's lives. Progressively over the years, the IoT has transformed many domains such as healthcare and agriculture, allowing relevant stakeholders to connect every digital device that prevails in those domains to the Internet, facilitating fast information dissemination and integration with technologies such as AI to provide real-time analytics and real-time management facilities, making such domains smarter and ubiquitous [3; 4; 5]. Overall, the IoT represents sensors, actuators, smart mobile devices, and every prevailing digital device that can be integrated with the Internet that produces and exchanges a great deal of data [1; 5; 6]. With the aid of technologies such as AI, these generated data can be analyzed; to this end, technologies including cloud and fog computing offer convenient storage solutions for storing this IoT data, also facilitating further processing. With the help of the IoT, we can turn the objects around us into interconnected components of a vast and powerful ubiquitous network that operates on the free flow of data. Because of this, communication and the sharing of information throughout the globe have become much more seamless. Without a doubt, the IoT has revolutionized the way in which people use the Internet and device-to-device communication, that is, how devices, sensors, and objects interact with one another and exchange data, and it has also paved the way for the IoT on the nanoscale which is also referred to as the Internet of Nano-Things or IoNT [1; 2; 3]. Altogether, the IoT and the IoNT can be merged into a single term, the Internet of Everything (IoE) [3; 4; 5]. As of right now, the IoT is well past its adolescence and is prepared to take the globe by storm. On the other hand, the IoNT is a relatively new technology that has recently begun to make a splash. The IoNT is similar to the IoT but on a nanoscale [7; 8; 9; 10]. In simpler terms, the IoNT refers to the interconnection of nano-sized devices within already existing networks [1; 2; 3]. The IoNT consists of networks of interconnected nanoscale devices, such as nanorobots, nanosensors, and nanomachines, that can communicate and exchange data with each other and with larger systems [11; 12; 10; 13]. Overall, it is evident that these devices have the potential to revolutionize a wide range of industries such as agriculture and healthcare [4; 5; 6; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20]. The IoNT is similar to the IoT in many aspects, with the primary distinction being that the devices that are interconnected within the IoNT are miniaturized and small enough to be termed nanoscale [1; 2; 5; 6; 7]. The range of dimensions for nanoscale devices is between 0.1 and 100 nanometers, with a nanometer being equal to one billionth of a meter [1; 2]. The vast majority of technologies that are currently in use are examples of very small devices that can be miniaturized to fit within very small volumes. Some examples of these technologies include sensors found in automobiles and homes that report environmental conditions, as well as accelerometers and gyroscopes found in smart mobile devices that help in using navigation or location services [5; 6; 7]. These technological synergies fuel innovation in every conceivable field, from automobiles to healthcare and even our homes [12; 13; 14; 15].