# Beneficial Health Potential of Algerian Polysaccharides
## 3 Results and Discussions
### Structural Characterization of L-PSPC and S-PSPC
#### 3.1.3 Monosaccharide Compositions and Main Structural Features  
Results from HPAEC-PAD and GC/MS-EI experiments are given in Figure 3 for both (a) L-PSPC and (b) S-PSPC enriched-polysaccharide fractions. Data complementarity between the two methodologies was confirmed since no significant differences were observed among the data sets for L-PSPC (\(p\) = 0.805) and S-PSPC (\(p\) = 0.957). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Fractions**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Carbohydrate (\(w/w\) \%)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Proteins**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Phenols**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Asn**} \\  & **Total** & **Neutral** & **Uronic Acids** & & (\(w/w\) \%) & (\(w/w\) \%) & **(\(w/w\) \%)** \\ \hline L-PSPC & 66.6 \(\pm\) 1.42 & 42.6 \(\pm\) 1.37 & 24.0 \(\pm\) 1.12 & 2.30 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.6 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 3.65 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\ \hline S-PSPC & 86.5 \(\pm\) 4.32 & 63.3 \(\pm\) 3.17 & 7.96 \(\pm\) 0.39 & 0.35 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0 & 5.12 \(\pm\) 0.24 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Biochemical composition of L-PSPC (leaves) and S-PCPC (seeds). Figure 2: FTIR footprints of (**a**) L-PSPC (leaves) and (**b**) S-PCPC (seeds). * Composition of L-PCPC L-PSPC is composed of six main monosaccharides, highlighting its complexity, i.e., GalA (22.4-31.8%), Gal (18.4-20.7%), Glc (20.6-15.9%), Rha (8.93-14.4%), Xyl (13.4-9.58%) and Ara (14.9-7.6%). Accordingly, the composition is similar to some kinds of pectin. Significant differences of monosaccharide compositions were described in the literature, depending on the extraction/purification methodologies, analytical procedures but also species of Plantaginaceae and obviously plant parts. Polysaccharides from _Plantago major_ leaves, are often composed of GalA, Gal, Ara and Rha in addition to small amounts of Glc and Xyl [34,39]. [PERSON] et al. showed that water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from _Plantago major_ leaves contained two subfractions (PMIa and PMIb). The first one was composed of Ara (38%), Gal (49%), Rha (6%) and GalA (7%) whereas the second one consisted of Ara (31%), Gal (32%), Xyl (18%), Glc (7%), Rha (5%) and GalA (8%) [6]. A water soluble heteroxylan extracted from _Plantago notata_ leaves was composed of Gal (44%), Rha (20%), Glc (11%), Ara (10%) and GalA (13%) [40]. Neutral rhamnogalactan were also extracted from _Plantago lanccolata_, which were rich in Gal (54%), Ara (35%) and Rha (11%) [10]. Other water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from _Plantago palmata_ leaves were composed of Gal (39%), Ara/Xyl (27%), Man (Mannose) (5%), Rha (10%), Glc (5%) and GalA (14%) [9]. As stated before, these differences may be related to species, cultivation regions, extraction procedures, analysis methods, and samplings [41]. * Composition of S-PCPC S-PSPC is easily identified as an arabinyl manily composed of Xyl (85-78% \(\pm\) 3-3.75), Ara (11-18% \(\pm\) 3.45-2.1), Rha (2-3% \(\pm\) 0.45-0.75) and GalA (1-1% \(\pm\) 0.47-0.21). With a Xyl:Ara molar ratio close to 4:1, results are in accordance with the literature concerning the identification of arabinoxylan or heteroxylan from Plantago seeds. Polysaccharide fractions (PLP-2 and PLP-3) isolated from _Plantago asiatica_ were defined as arabinoxylan containing, respectively Xyl (61 and 56%) and Ara (32.2 and 39.6%) residues [32]. An arabinoxal extracted from the pericarp of _Plantago ovata_ Forsssk. seeds was mainly composed of Xyl (75%) and Ara (23%) with a Xyl: Ara molar ratio close to 3: 1 [42,43]. Seeds from other Plantago species could contain heteroxylan as reported for an acidic one from _Plantago  
Figure 3: Monosaccharide compositions of (**a**) L-PSPC (leaves) and (**b**) S-PCPC (seeds). White and black bars, respectively correspond to the results obtained from HPAEC-PAD or GC/MS-EI experiments. major_ L, composed of Xyl (40%), Ara (13%), Glc (10%), Gal (3%), Rha (2%), GalA (17%) and GlcA (16%) [44]. [PERSON] et al. identified a neutral heteroxylan _Plantago notata_ Lagasca seeds.