# A Framework for Cloud Based E-Government from the Perspective of Developing Countries
## 5 Discussion
Case study results show that the integration of the different system in the different location can be achieved with minimal effort reducing the burden of maintaining the complex and costly WAN. We have integrated the legacy system used by the driving licence office of Seti Zone to the Bagmati Zone. Both systems performed well and acted as a single system that minimized the burden of procuring individual ICT equipment and building ICT infrastructure in each office. Therefore, the hypothesis one is satisfied. There remain issues with the use of CSP in the context of Nepal. From the interview and brainstorming sessions, we observed that the government officials have some concern relating to CSP. The government procurement process is complex that requires adherence to certain criteria. Limited numbers of CSPs make it difficult for the government to shop for the best possible deal from cost and technology perspective. We found that the government officials are not able to procure the cloud services from the offshore companies because of the government data security and privacy policy. Therefore, in the long run, it is advisable for the government to establish their own private cloud infrastructure that could be shared among the government departments. - E-government project implementation time and cost  
One of the main issues with e-government project in the context of Nepal is the amount of time required to implement. It has been 10 years since Nepal has initiated its e-government program, however a very little work has been done. Most of e-government project has been supported by the Korean government's aid. Only one datacentre is functioning at this time that provides server co-location service to the government department. The proposed framework has successfully addressed this challenge by reducing the time of project implementation. We have completed our project within 3 months; however, this does not include the time that is required to develop database and applications. The cloud based e-government would save the driving licensing department 68 percent of their current spending to establish, maintain and operate their services. Meanwhile, it will increase the efficiency by releasing the pressure of day-to-day management of their IT system; those resources could be used in some other productive work. Beside the monetary cost, we believe the servers hosted in the cloud would deliver more efficiency to the department. It will reduce the server downtime and avoid the lack of service availability and risk of damaging the IT infrastructure because of the data centre power interruption. Similarly, the scalability of the computing resources would be able to handle the variation of the server loads efficiently. Another important aspect we have considered is the implementation time. Especially when the government department needs to expand their services to the different geographical location, the time required to establish the entire infrastructure is extremely high. Furthermore, the connectivity among these systems creates another difficulty in terms of technology and cost. In contrast, the expansion and reduction of the computing resources to meet the changed need of the department are almost instantaneous on the cloud variant. Therefore, considering all the above factors, the project has a high probability of success. Comparison with the other study results  
We have compared the study results with the previous study to generalize the findings and also compared the outcomes of the case-study with the current e-government practice in Nepal and other countries. We have used e-government project cost, efficiency in the government process, citizen participation in e-government activities and e-government project implementation time as a parameter to compare whether the proposed framework support the government to achieve the above parameters. The case study findings have concluded that the proposed framework would bring efficiency in the government process and support the government to make their service more citizen-centric.