## 4 Conclusions and Discussion  
The SA and gaze movement characteristics of men and women were analyzed in this study. SART was used to measure SA, while gaze entropy was used to indicate gaze movement. As a result, there were no gender differences in SA for nuclear power plant accidents. This means that the performance of men and women in judging the accident situation is not significantly different. This study used Shannon entropy, dwell time entropy, Markov entropy, and heat map entropy to analyze gaze movement in the SA process. Men and women did not show significant differences in Shannon entropy, dwell time entropy, and heat map entropy in the SA process. This means that the ratio of staring at the indicators set as AOI in the SA process does not show a significant difference between men and women. On the other hand, there was a significant difference between males and females in the Markov entropy, which considers the number of gazes at AOIs and the number of visual transitions between AOIs. Since the entropy of women is higher, it can be seen that women move their eyes between indicators to judge the accident situation more than men. This means that women move their gaze more frequently than men in order to acquire necessary information. From the point of view of information processing, men pay more attention to core information that meets individual goals, whereas women tend to pay attention to various information types [15; 29; 30]. Therefore, it is judged that women frequently move their gaze between AOIs to collect various information types.  
The results of this study will need to be considered when designing an information system that judges the state of a system given the recent trend of increasing women's employment. In particular, a system that requires a female worker's occupation should be designed so that important information can be delivered to the worker and unnecessary gaze movement between system components does not occur.  
Finally, this study has some limitations. The experiments were conducted on LOCA, SGTR, SLB, and LOV. Although it is composed of typical accidents that occur in nuclear  
Figure 6: Gaze plot of (**a**) one male and (**b**) one female participant.  
Figure 7: (**a**) Fixation time and (**b**) visit count of male and female participants. Mean values \(\pm\) SD are shown.  
power plants as much as possible, this accident situation is insufficient to cover all accident situations. There is a possibility that it may have influenced the generalization of the experiment. Thus, it will be necessary to conduct experiments on various other accident situations in the future.  
Additionally, this study was conducted on engineering college students. Although they were sufficiently trained in this experiment, the sample's representativeness decreased, possibly affecting the experiment's external validity. In future experiments, the experiments could be conducted on the operators of nuclear power plants.  
Conceptualization, Y.L., K.J. and H.L.; methodology, Y.L. and K.J.; software, Y.L.; formal analysis, Y.L.; investigation, Y.L., K.J. and H.L.; data curation, Y.L.; writing--original draft preparation, Y.L. and K.J.; visualization, Y.L. and K.J.; validation, Y.L. and K.J.; writing--review and editing, Y.L., K.J. and H.L.; funding acquisition, H.L.; supervision, K.J. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT).  
Not applicable.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.