###### Abstract
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Ref.** & **Year** & **Binder Type** & **Type of NM** & \begin{tabular}{c} **NM Dosage (\% by** \\ **Weight of Asphalt)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Main Conclusions** \\ \hline US [24] & 2011 & PG 64-16 & NT & 0, 3, 5, 7 & NT did not affect physical properties of virgin binder \\  & & & & Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) \\ Malaysia [19] & 2014 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Polymer- \\ modified asphalt \\ (PG-76) \\ \end{tabular} & NS & 0, 2, 4 &
\begin{tabular}{c} analysis revealed that NS particles \\ were scattered uniformly throughout \\ asphalt binder, which is better than \\ polymer dispersion \\ \end{tabular} \\  & & & & -Highly effective in improving \\  & & & & Ultraviolet (UV) aging resistance \\ China [25] & 2015 & AC 70 & NT & 0, 2 \\  & & & & -Enhanced compatibility between \\  & & & & & asphalt binder and NT by using \\  & & & & & surface modification \\  & & & & -NA modification increased asphalt \\  & & & & thickness because of rise in viscosity of \\  & & & & asphalt binder, which presented better \\  & & & & coating of aggregate particles in \\  & & & & asphalt mixture \\  & & & & -At high temperatures, asphalt binders \\  & & & & have great storage stability at 5\% NA \\  & & & & modification because agglomeration \\  & & & & will occur and increase through asphalt \\  & & & & binder at 7\% NA, which means it is \\  & & & & less stable \\  & & & & -5\% NA sample has highest rutting \\  & & & & parameter (G*/sin \(\delta\)) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Summary of research works using NT, NA, and NS to modify asphalt binder. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Ref.** & **Year** & **Binder Type** & **Type of NM** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **NM Dosage (\% by** \\ **Weight of Asphalt)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Main Conclusions** \\ \hline Turkey [27] & 2017 & PG 64-22 & NS & 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 &
\begin{tabular}{c} -Enhanced anti-cracking performance \\ and ruting resistance for asphalt \\ binder with addition of 0.3\% of NS \\ -NS modification improved \\ energy savings \\ -Permanent deformation and final \\ strain were decreased for NA-modified \\ stone mastic asphalt \\ -Addition of NS increased viscosity and \\ softening point (SP) of asphalt binder \\ -No negative effect on temperature \\ susceptibility (TS) for NS-modified \\ asphalt binder \\ -Penetration grade decreased in \\ NS-modified binder compared to \\ base asphalt \\ -Increased viscosity of binder with \\ increased addition of NS \\ -Increasing NS dosage improves \\ complex modulus of asphalt binder \\ -SEM image analysis revealed that NS activity would decline because \\ agglomerations throughout asphalt \\ matrix caused reduction in bonding \\ force between NS particles and \\ decrease in specific surface area \\ -Highly effective in improving rutting \\ resistance and aging performance of \\ SBS-modified asphalt with addition of \\ 1\% NT \\ -At low temperature, NT had no \\ positive influence on cracking \\ resistance of SBS-modified asphalt \\ because creep rate and creep stiffness \\ are almost identical for all samples \\ -Penetration grade is decreased, \\ accompanied by slight increase in SP, \\ which clearly indicates effect of NT on \\ stiffness of modified asphalt binder \\ -As seen in SEM images, NS particles \\ disperse successfully and \\ homogeneously throughout asphalt \\ binder structure \\ -Stiffness and cohesion are decreased \\ for NS-modified binder compared to \\ base asphalt \\ -Decreased TS for binder with addition \\ of NS \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._