## 3 Materials and Methods
### D-Loss Software
#### 3.1.10. Key Differences Between D-Loss and Other Software  
The integration of advanced technology and the use of different brands of software are increasing day by day in the mining industry. Controlling and improving loss and dilution are key technical concerns affecting ore extraction, operational efficiency, cost, and CO\({}_{2}\) emissions in the mining sector.  
Mining software usually offers features to calculate dilution and perform reconciliation of stope production using block models and stope solids. Once survey data from underground surveys or stope designs are obtained, they can be evaluated, as well as loss and dilution can be reported. D-Loss software sets itself apart by including economic analysis and CO\({}_{2}\) emission calculations in addition to calculating loss and dilution, making it a more comprehensive software for mining operations. Table 2 shows a comparative overview of D-Loss and other often-used mining software. This table is intended for academic benchmarking only and does not imply functional inadequacy for other software solutions. All commercial software tools mentioned are highly capable and widely adopted in the mining industry. D-Loss provides a complete framework by combining not only dilution and loss estimates but also economic assessment and CO\({}_{2}\) emission analysis, thereby addressing important industry needs successfully.  
By calculating the amount of waste and ore within these solid boundaries, the total planned and unplanned dilution can be determined. At this stage, D-Loss integrates economic and carbon emissions calculations, providing a strategic approach for short- and  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Grade Interval (\%)** & **Density** & **Tonnage (t)** & **Volume** & **Grade** \\ \hline
[\(>\)24–32] & 2.92 & 224 & 76 & 31.48 \\
[\(>\)32–40] & 3.06 & 739 & 241 & 37.95 \\
[\(>\)40–48] & 3.18 & 35,459 & 11,148 & 43.97 \\ Grand Total & 3.10 & 40,287 & 13,126 & 39.57 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: _Cont._  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Feature/Capability** & **D–Loss** & **Industry Standard Software** \\ \hline Dilution Calculation & Yes—Quantifies both planned and unplanned dilution in detail & Yes—Based on stope solids and block models, but unplanned dilution is fixed \\ Loss Assessment & Yes—Integrated with financial and CO\({}_{2}\) impact & Yes—Via reconciliation tools \\ CO\({}_{2}\) Emission Calculation & Yes—Included as core feature & Requires external calculations or custom integration \\ Economic Analysis & Yes—Directly evaluates financial impacts of dilution/loss & Requires export to external tools \\ Production Planning Support & Yes—Integrates technical and economic parameters & Yes—Primarily focused on geometric design and reconciliation features \\ Level-by-Level Performance Analysis & Yes—Evaluates each level’s grade, tonnage, and financial outcome & Typically requires manual configuration or external data processing \\ User Interface & MATLAB-based GUI, tailored for ease of use & Advanced, but often complex and license-heavy \\ License Access & Available under Hacettepe & Commercial licenses required \\ Customizability/Academic Research-Oriented & High—Adaptable for research and project-specific needs & Vendor-controlled configurations \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Comparative summary of D–Loss and other industry standard software.  
medium-term stope production planning. The amount of unplanned dilution in the current software remains constant. Nonetheless, D-Loss enables the identification of unplanned dilution levels and presents the analysis of their impacts on grade and tonnage. Through the analysis of these economic aspects, the financial repercussions of dilution and losses can be quickly and precisely assessed.