## 3 Results and Discussion
### Input Values Definition for the Implemented Scenarios
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Source**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Paper**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Analyzed**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Release**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Proposed Scenarios**} \\ \cline{4-9}  & & & **Area** & & **Year** & **N.** & **2020** & **2025** & **2030** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Eurelectric*} & Smart Charging: steering the charge, driving the change [40] & EU-27 & 2015 & 3 & X & X & X \\  & Impact analysis for market uptake & EU-27 & 2011 & 3 & X & X & X \\  & scenarios and policy implications [41] & EU-27 & 2011 & 3 & X & X & X \\  & RSE & Roadmap per unp mobility ostensible [42] & IT & 2017 & 1 & X & X & X \\ StartCEL CIVES & Libro Bianco EV [43] & IT & 2017 & 4 & X & - & - \\ \cline{1-1}  & The transition to a Zero Emission fleet for cars in the EU by 2050 [26] & EU-28 & 2016 & 3 & X & X & X \\ ENEL/Ambroseti & E-Mobility Revolution [14] & IT & 2017 & 4 & - & X & X \\ PolMi & E-Mobility report 2018 [13] & IT & 2018 & 3 & X & X & X \\ ENTSO-E & TYNDP 2018 [44,45] & IT, BE & 2018 & 3 & X & X & X \\ European & Clean Power for Transport [46] & IT, BE & 2017 & 3 & X & X & X \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Data sources for xEV fleet size forecasts. Average BEV and PHEV energy consumption and capacity of batteries:  
Table 6 shows the results obtained by applying the methodology described in Section 2.2.1 and subsequently applied in the model. Public and private stalls availability:  
In order to obtain the results highlighted in Table 7 the following sources were investigated:  
* For the Florence area, open-data maps and databases developed by the municipality were used to assess public parking spaces availability [47], while the results of the 2011 census [48] were used to evaluate private residential parking spaces. * With regards to the Bruxelles area, open-data databases were used to obtain the number of public parking spaces available, together with an estimate of private parking spaces in the residential area [49]. Definition of CS characteristics:  
As a first step in choosing the implemented CS power level a research within existing National Regulations and EU-28 Directives has been performed, in order to gather suggestions and any provided prescription. The main sources consulted here were Directive 2014/94/EU [4] and the PNire [5]. Another research has then been performed to understand the current composition of publicly accessible charging infrastructures in the study areas, using accessible databases such as official open-data archives of municipalities [50], data from a service provider (Enel) [51] and other unofficial archives (Opencharger) [52], to understand the current composition of the infrastructure in terms of quantity, power levels and connection standards used. The home charging sector has also been considered, evaluating the average installed power as well as the maximum that can be installed by a European household, to define an upper limit value for \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**2020**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**2030**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **BEV** & **PHEV** & **BEV** & **PHEV** \\ \hline Average specific consumption (kWh km\({}^{-1}\)) \((av_{V})_{y}\) & 0.192 & 0.108 & 0.154 & 0.086 \\ Average battery useful capacity (kWh) \((but_{V})_{y}\) & 31.6 & 7.14 & 59.5 & 9.8 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: xEV average consumption and capacity assumed forecast values.