## Abbreviations  
* [1] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure: An Updated Review. _Card. Fail. Rev._**2023**, 9, e11. [CrossRef]
* [2] [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Exercise Intolerance in Patients with Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. _J. Am. Coll. Cardiol._**2019**, 73, 2209-2225. [CrossRef]
* [3] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] S sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. _Age Ageing_**2019**, _48_, 16-31. [CrossRef]
* [4] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] Muscle wasting in patients with chronic heart failure: Results from the studies investigating co-modribities aggravating heart failure (SICA-HF). _Eur. Heart._**2013**, _34_, 512-519. [CrossRef]
* [5] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Measurement of human skeletal muscle oxidative capacity by 31P-MR spectroscopy: A cross-validation with in vitro measurements. _J. Magn. Reson. Imaging_**2011**, 34, 1143-1150. [CrossRef]
* [6] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Prevalence of sarcopenia in heart failure: A systematic review. _Indian. Heart J._**2023**, _75_, 36-42. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* [7] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Exercise and nutritional interventions on sarcopenia and frailty in heart failure: A narrative review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. _ESC Heart Fail._**2022**, \(9\), 2787-2799. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* [8] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Sarcopenia in heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. _ESC Heart Fail._**2021**, \(8\), 1007-1017. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* [9] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of sarcopenia in chronic heart failure. _Trans._**2019**, \(9\), 4019-4029. [CrossRef]
* [10] [PERSON]; [PERSON] Sarcopenia and Cardiac Dysfunction. _Carloid. Rev._**2020**, _28_, 197-202. [CrossRef]
* [11] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Sarcopenia and Heart Failure. _Nutrients_**2020**, _12_, 211. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* [12] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] Correlation between sarcopenia and left ventricular myocardial mass in chronic heart failure patients. _Aging Med._**2020**, \(3\), 138-141. [CrossRef]
* [13] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Sarcopenic Obesity in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. _Front. Endocrinol._**2020**, _11_, 558271. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* [14] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Frailty, sarcopenia and cachexia in heart failure patients: Different clinical entities of the same painting. _World J. Cardiol._**2021**, _13_, 1-10. [CrossRef]
* [15] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Sarcopenia and Frailty in Heart Failure. Is There a Biomarker Signature? _Curr. Heart Fail. Rep._**2022**, _19_, 400-411. [CrossRef]
* [16] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with clinical outcomes in heart failure: An updated meta-analysis and systematic review. _Clin. Cardiol._**2023**, _46_, 260-268. [CrossRef]
* [17] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. _J.