## Appendix B Open-Source Software Used in M&S Frameworks
### ABS Software  
The development of software tools for ABS has seen most growth in the last few years. Research points to large number of such tools [121]. Table A5 indicates some of the most commonly used tools and their sustainability specific use-cases.  
### ABS Software  
The development of software tools for ABS has seen most growth in the last few years. Research points to large number of such tools [121]. Table A5 indicates some of the most commonly used tools and their sustainability specific use-cases.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline
**Software** & **Description** & **Use-Case** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{OMNet++ simulators} & C++-based modular, component library and framework used in network simulators & Comparison of simulation tools [203] Vehicle rerouting [204] Industrial control systems [205] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{NS-3.35} & A DES simulator for internet systems primarily used in education and research licensed under the GNU GPLv2 license & Vehicle routing [206] Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks [207] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{SimPy 4.02} & A DES process-based framework based on python used to model components such as customers, vehicles, and agents & Inventory optimization [208] sustainable physical internet-integrated SCs smart manufacturing [210] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{JaamSim} & DES program with a drag-and-drop user interface, interactive 3D visuals, input and output processing, and model construction tools and editors & Inventory management [211] sustainable multicomponent-distributed manufacturing [212] lean manufacturing [213] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{DESMO-J} & Stands for Discrete-Event Simulation and MOdelling in Java. The software provides java classes for stochastic distributions, static components, scheduling, and reporting & Performance analysis of assembly lines [214], cost analytics [215], production design [216], worker performance [217], optimal stock levels [218] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{URURAU} & Multi-platform program that enables users to create models using a graphical interface or directly in source code. Used as a learning tool as well as a tool for modeling and simulation of discrete systems & Energy modelling in manufacturing [219], green logistics [220], carbon monoxide emission [221], logistics emissions [191] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Ptolemy II components} & Used in concurrent, real-time, embedded systems. Characterized by use of well-defined computation models that regulate the interaction between components. & Renewable resource sourcing [222], industry 4.0 production line [223], cyber-physical system [224], \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{PowerDEVS} & A generic DEVS modeling and simulation addressing hybrid system simulation. The environment enables the creation of increasingly sophisticated systems by specifying atomic DEVS models in the C++ language, which can then be visually connected in hierarchical block diagrams & Cyber physical systems [225], energy modeling [226] \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Salabim} & An object-oriented DES open-source python based library. It uses the process description technique in the likeness of Simula. DES, queue handling, resources, statistical sampling, and monitoring are all included in the program & Throughput time in manufacturing [227], manufacturing scheduling [228], process planning, and dynamic scheduling [229], \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table A5: Open-source ABS software in use in the industry. Other free software include Adaptive Modeler, Cougaar, and StarLogo.