# Plant In Vitro Cultures of _Coleus scutellarioides_ (L.[PERSON] [PERSON].
## 3 Discussion
### Discussion of Volatile Compounds
[PERSON], peppermint _Mentha piperita_ L., and _Lantana camera_ L. [60; 61; 62; 63]. It also improves the production of secondary metabolites such as menthon, menthol, menthofuran, and pulegone in _Mentha piperita_[62]. Other research on peppermint confirmed its stimulating effect on menthon [64]. In the species Mexican oregano _Lippia organoides_ [PERSON], BA stimulated the biosynthesis of myrcene and p-cymene and increased the overall monoterpenes content but caused a drop in the content of carvone [65]. Microplantlets of the Cassumunar ginger (_Zingiber montanum_ ([PERSON]) Link ex A. [PERSON]) cultivated on a medium enriched with BAP produced higher amounts of 2.4-D methyl ester, linoleic acid methyl ester, dodecane, and 3-tert-butylphenol [66]. Furthermore, BAP was reported to increase the contents of fatty and unsaturated acids in the niger _Guizotia abyssinica_ ([PERSON].) [PERSON], whereas in _Malus sieversii_ ([PERSON].) M.Roem., it was found to inhibit the biosynthesis of anthocyanins [67; 68]. Fluridone has an inhibiting effect on the biosynthesis of carotenoids [69]. The lack of carotenoids negatively affects the formation of cell membranes and contributes to leaf whitening. This negative effect is irreversible, but the newly formed leaves of _Cyathe delgadii_ Sternb., when transferred onto a substratum devoid of fluoride, became green and fully functional [69; 70]. Fluridone inhibits the desaturation of phytoene and disrupts seed dormancy [71]. There are many studies on fluridone which indicate that it is an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of ABA [72; 73; 74]. Moreover, it has been observed to delay the accumulation of anthocyanins in the European blueberry _Vacinium myrtillus_ L. [74]. Alas, the number of studies that pertain to the impact of fluridone on the biosynthesis of plant compounds is negligible, and therefore, they are not sufficient to determine the specific mechanism of how this phytohormone affects the organic compound biosynthetic pathways. Nevertheless, taking into account the reports of its impact on carotenoids, phytoene, and ABA, one can draw a conclusion that fluridone influences the plastid methylerythnitol phosphate (MEP) pathway, which is one of the biosynthetic pathways of terpen. The application of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was found to trigger an increase in the production of volatile compounds and flower oil in species representing the genus _Rosa_ L. [61; 75]. Additionally, NAA enhances the biosynthesis of carvone in _Croton floribundus_ Spreng. [76]. In the case of the muskmelon _Cucunis melo_ L., supplementation with NAA intensified the production of different carotenes, which are responsible for the vivid coloration of the fruit and its nutritive value. This phytohormone was recorded to stimulate the synthesis of such carotenes as beta-carotene, lycopene, and lutein [77]. It was also reported to improve the production of anthraquinone in the callus of the noni _Morinda citrifolia_ Zenk [78]. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) improves the biosynthesis of volatile organic compounds in Korean mint _Agastache rugosa_[63]. It enhances the photosynthetic efficiency, and improves the contents of essential oils, phenol, and flavonoids in the holy basil _Ocimum tenuiform_ L. [79]. Moreover, this phytohormone significantly increases the amounts of particular phenolic compounds in plant organs in apple mint _Mentha rotundifolia_ L. [80]. In Mexican oregano _Lippiia organoides_ Kunth, IAA increases the content of carvacrol [65], whereas in sweet wormwood _Artemisia annua_ L., it improves the biosynthesis of artemisinin and increases the trichome density [81]. Furthermore, it improves the photosynthetic process and biosynthesis of polysaccharides in Chlorococcus _Ihumicola_, a species of green algae [82], and increases the contents of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, and metabolites in algae _Euglena_ sp. [83]. Other compounds which act as plant growth hormones also affect the processes of biosynthesis of volatile compounds.