# Haptic Glove TV Device for People with Visual Impairment
## 1 Introduction  
Nowadays, technology on television and in all audiovisual resources has evolved to offer a high image and sound quality and other sensations and emotions. Interactivity with users has become crucial since now there is the possibility of having content that makes the viewer participate in the programming. Furthermore, viewers have evolved into users who no longer just watch a series of sequential images but have active participation in the programming interacting through movement, sensory sensations, changing or deciding the film's direction, choosing options, participating in surveys, making purchases on TV, etc. [1; 2; 3; 4]. This work's objective was born analyzing several current television concepts, one of them being immersive TV. There are movies and movie theaters that call themselves 4D. Apart from the typical sequence of images and audios, they include some sensorial options, such as movements and vibrations from unique chairs. The wind is activated with big fans, essences that come out of the chairs, water through sprinklers, heat, among others that are synchronized with the screen's events [5; 6; 7; 8; 9]. Another concept that was studied is the issue of accessibility to television and multimedia video content. Several works have already been implemented to make audiovisual content accessible to people with some sensory impairment. For example, there is audio description for visually impaired people, subtitles, Teletext and even sign language for people with hearing impairments [10; 11; 12; 13; 14]. Some works combine accessibility in TV with virtual reality (VR) and Multi-Screen TV Experiences taking it to different applications such as culture and sports [15; 16]. These works have not been widely exploited yet and,as they are not mandatory in all TV broadcasts, the issue of digital inclusion for people with impairments is still a problem. Social TV also came into the analysis because it has changed lately. Before, TV was linear, and there was only one broadcast that you could pick up on your TV tuner. However, with the exponential growth of data networks, video consumption has returned to on-demand. You can also have multiview channels or multiscreen videos [17; 18]. Especially on Social TV sports, the advancement of social networking technologies has changed some sports fans' viewing experience. Now viewers can interact with other fans in real-time through social network sites while watching a televised sporting event such as the world soccer championship like show the work of [PERSON] et al. [19]. Over-the-top (OTT) networks offer various video content with trendy platforms such as Netflix, Youtube, Amazon Video, Vimeo, among others, that the user can access anywhere, with any device any time. The growth of social networks also plays an essential role since these networks allow the participation and interaction between thousands of users who are attending video content, either through TV or through other multimedia devices connected to an IP data network [20; 21; 22]. Augmented Broadcasting (AB) service tries to provide personalized broadcasting service over a TV program. Every viewer may watch personalized augmented content (AC) overlaid on the same TV program. The paper of [PERSON] et al. [23] introduces prototypes of user interface (UI) devices for AB services. They made devices like smart pads and haptic gloves. The authors of this paper discussed their UI for AB service prototypes. Their evaluation shows AB services make TV programs more helpful in an interactive exchange of user responses and additional information. While analyzing these technologies, a problem that has not been fully answered yet becomes apparent. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1300 million people live with some form of visual impairment, of which 188.5 million people have a moderate visual impairment, 217 million have a moderate to severe visual impairment, and 36 million are blind [24]. Most of them consume TV content, but when they attend TV programming, they face several problems.