## 3 Results and Discussion
### Study on the Influence of Diatomic from the Utesai Deposit on the Properties of Products  
In this study, the impact of the fractional compound on the characteristics of the products was studied. Crushed diatomite powders from the Utesai deposit were used in the following fractions: 2.5-1.25, 1.25-0.63, 0.63-0.315, and 0.315-0.16 mm. These fractions were added to the compound to reach a ceramic weight of 15%. The samples were burned at temperatures of 1100 and 1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 1 h.  
Table 2 presents the compounds and their determined characteristics after burning at 1100 and 1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C based on loam with diatomite with various fractional compositions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No.**} & **Compositions** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\(\rho_{an}\), kg/m\({}^{3}\)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Compressive Strength, MPa**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Full (Total) Volumetric**} \\  & **(Compounds)** & **1000 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1100 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1000 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1100 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1000 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1100 \({}^{\circ}\)C** \\ \hline
1 & Loam-100\% & 1601 & 1647 & 10.0 & 17.46 & 3.8 & 4.1 \\  & Loam-85\%, & & & & & & \\
2 & diatomite fr. & 1560 & 1565 & 14.76 & 14.90 & 4.5 & 4.6 \\  & \(<\)0.315 mm-15\% & & & & & & \\  & Loam-80\%, & & & & & & \\
3 & diatomite fr. & 1538 & 1525 & 14.9 & 13.24 & 4.3 & 4.1 \\  & \(<\)0.315 mm-20\% & & & & & & \\  & Loam-70\%, & & & & & & \\
4 & diatomite fr. & 1410 & 1439 & 13.3 & 13.27 & - & - \\  & \(<\)0.315 mm-30\% & & & & & & \\  & Loam-60\%, & & & & & & \\
5 & diatomite fr. & 1377 & 1347 & 13.27 & 11.76 & - & - \\  & \(<\)0.315 mm-40\% & & & & & & \\  & Loam-50\%, & & & & & & \\
6 & diatomite fr. & 1283 & 1361 & 12.4 & 9.71 & - & - \\  & \(<\)0.315 mm50\% & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The compounds and properties of samples of ceramic materials with diatomite from the Zhalpak deposit. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No.**} & **Compounds** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\(\rho_{an}\), kg/m\({}^{3}\)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Compressive Strength, MPa**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Full (Total) Volumetric**} \\  & & **1100 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1100 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **1150 \({}^{\circ}\)C** \\ \hline
**1** & Loam-100\% & 1647 & - & 17.46 & - & 4.1 & - \\  & Loam-85\%, & & & & & & \\
2 & diatomite fr. & 1401 & - & 3.5 & - & 4.4 & - \\  & & Loam-85\%, & & & & & \\
3 & diatomite fr. & 1447 & - & 6.6 & - & 4.6 & - \\  & & mm-15\% & & & & & \\
4 & diatomite fr. & 1488 & - & 12.2 & - & 4.2 & - \\  & & mm-15\% & & & & & \\  & Loam-85\%, & & & & & & \\
5 & diatomite fr. & 1521 & 1615 & 14.8 & 29.4 & 4.5 & 6.3 \\  & & mm-15\% & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The influence of the fractional diatomic compound and firing temperature on the properties of the products. As can be seen from Figure 2, after burning at a temperature of 1170 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the samples showed a shiny vitrified surface, which indicated the sintered state of the ceramic shard. The fracture structure of the sample with diatomic from the Utesai deposit was denser and more uniform. Table 3 shows the physical and mechanical properties of the samples after testing. Burning at 1200 \({}^{\circ}\)C led to complete deformation of the specimens (Figure 3). According to GOST 530-2012 \"Ceramic brick and stone. General technical regulations\", the obtained samples with the addition of diatomites correspond to the second class of medium density. According to the compressive strength, this is M 400 and M 500-clinker brick. However, the authors of [5] showed the possibility of obtaining grade M 800 and M 1000 clinker wall products. Such high strength grades are due to the high cristobalite and glass phase contents in the products, the formation of which is due to the addition of up to 30% diatomic.