## 2 Materials and Methods
### Model Construction
#### 2.6.1 Envelope  
According to the original drawings, a geometrically representative and well oriented 3D model was built (Figure 5), including the high trees in the surroundings (for their shading effect), the excavated part of the garden and the division of each floor in several thermal zones, 43 in total (Figure 6) standing for the internal rooms. IDA-ICE's database was uploaded with materials properties information to model the construction elements (Table 3).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Period** & **Measured Heating Fuel [scm]** & **Measured Heating Fuel [kWh]** \\ \hline
1–27 November 2014 & 373 & 4107 \\
28 November–23 December 2014 & 386 & 4250 \\
24 December 2014–22 January 2015 & 441 & 4856 \\
23 January–17 February 2015 & 394 & 4338 \\
18 February–12 March 2015 & 332 & 3656 \\
13 March–14 April 2015 & 365 & 4019 \\
**Total** & 2291 & 25,226 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Energy consumption data with conversion from scm to kWh.  
Figure 5: First guess model in IDA-ICE’s 3D environment.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Doors**} \\ \hline Element & s [cm] & & Layer 1 & \\ Internal door & 5 & & & Wood \\ External door & 7 & & & Wood \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Internal shading**} \\ \hline Element & Multiplier U\({}_{\text{glass}}\) * & Multiplier S\({}_{\text{glass}}\) * & Multiplier T * & Diffusion factor & \\ Refurbished roller blind & 0.9 & 0.15 & 0.09 & 1 & \\ Original roller blind & 0.9 & 0.15 & 0.09 & 1 & \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Slabs**} \\ \hline Element & s [cm] & Layer 1 & Layer 2 & Layer 3 & Layer 4 & Layer 5 & Layer 6 & U [W/min*K] \\ Basement floor & 54.5 & Graset (40 cm) & Concrete (13 cm) & Chess (15 cm) & - & 1.615 \\ Internal door & 22.5 & Plaster (1 cm) & Jost (22 cm) & Slab (4 cm) & Concrete (4 cm) & Gres (1.5 cm) & 2.238 \\ Roof & 43 & Plaster (1 cm) & Jost (16 cm) & Slab (4 cm) & Air (4 cm) & Concrete (7 cm) & Elimussions & 1.671 \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Surfaces**} \\ \hline Element & & Emissivity & & Reflectance & \\ External wall brick cladding & & 0.90 & & 0.50 & \\ External wall marble cladding & & 0.90 & & 0.50 & \\ External wall turf cladding & & 0.90 & & 0.50 & \\ Roof & & 0.90 & & 0.50 & \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Walls**} \\ \hline Element & s [cm] & Layer 1 & Layer 2 & Layer 3 & Layer 4 & Layer 5 & U [W/min*K] \\ External wall brick cladding & 30 & Plaster (2 cm) & Brids (12 cm) & Air (4 cm) & Brids (2 cm) & 1.005 \\ External wall marble cladding & 34 & Plaster (2 cm) & Brids (12 cm) & Air (4 cm) & Brids (5 cm) & Marble (4 cm) & 1.041 \\ External wall turf cladding & 30 & Plaster (2 cm) & Brids (12 cm) & Air (4 cm) & Tuff (12 cm) & 1.043 \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Windows**} \\ \hline Element & U\({}_{\text{glass}}\) [W/min*K] & U\({}_{\text{glass}}\) [W/min*K] & g\({}_{\text{glass}}\) & T & Internal shading \\ Refurbished Window & 2.6 & 2 & 0.39 & 0.31 & Refurbished roller blind \\ Original Window & 5.8 & 3 & 0.59 & 0.48 & Original roller blind \\ \multicolumn{5}{c}{Cized doors} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Construction elements for first guess model.  
Finally, concerning the construction elements, three different wall packages and three slab typologies were defined. Two windows and correspondent internal shading, one glazed internal door and two door types were specified (Table 4). Thermal bridges and infiltrations settled on typical values as shown in Table 5.  
The first guess model was adopted as starting point for both calibration processes.