## 4 Conclusions  
The integrated use of different procedures made it possible to acquire information regarding the lignocellulosic attitudes of _Aspergillus olivimuriae_, a recently described species. The choice of using production waste derived from four different supply chains increased the applicative value of this study. For new taxa, providing information of an applicative nature can be helpful to those who want to undertake screening procedures to evaluate changes to specific materials or productions. Among the tested substrates, RTB was the most conducive to endo-\(\beta\)-1,4-glucanase and cellobiohydrolase productions, due to its high cellulose content, while \(\beta\)-mannanase production was highest in SCG, the hemicellulose of which are mainly composed of glucomannans and galactomannans. In general, the hemicellulose attitude of _A. olivimuriae_ prevailed over the cellulolytic one, and this behavior was particularly evident in the DSF, where hemicellulose degradation was equal to 60%. Irrespective of the waste used, and as opposed to other _Aspergillus_ species, the strain under study did not show ligninolytic potential. The following Supplementary Materials are available online at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app11125349/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app11125349/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app11125349/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app11125349/s1)): Excel file, S1_dbCAN2_output_file_A_olivimuriae.xls; Excel file, S2_Annotations.xls. Conceptualization, S.C. and A.D.; Formal analysis, E.C. and S.C.; Funding acquisition, M.P. ; Investigation, E.C., S.C., C.R. and A.D.; Methodology, E.C. ; Supervision, A.D.; Writing--original draft, A.D.; Writing--review & editing, S.C. and M.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research received no external funding. Data Availability Statement: Data is contained within the article or Supplementary Materials. This work was partially supported by the \"Departments of Excellence-2018\" Program (Dipartimenti di Eccellenza) of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), DIBAF-Department of University of Tuscia, Project \"Landscape 4.0--food, wellbeing, and environment\". The authors declare no conflict of interest. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Culture**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Laccase**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Peroidase**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **(IU g\({}^{-1}\)** & **(IU mg\({}^{-1}\)** & **(IU g\({}^{-1}\)** & **(IU mg\({}^{-1}\)** \\  & **Substrate)** & **Protein)** & **Substrate)** & **(IU protein)** \\  & **(\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\))** & **(\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\))** & **(\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\))** & **(\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\))** \\ \hline RTB & 32.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 c & 11.3 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 30.0 \(\pm\) 1.6 b & 10.4 \(\pm\) 1.3 \\ RTB + WB & 49.2 \(\pm\) 3.2 d & 14.1 \(\pm\) 2.5 & 47.4 \(\pm\) 6.9 c & 13.6 \(\pm\) 1.0 \\ SCG & 32.9 \(\pm\) 4.1 c & 16.5 \(\pm\) 0.4 & 23.6 \(\pm\) 3.3 b & 11.8 \(\pm\) 0,6 \\ SCG + WB & 41.3 \(\pm\) 3.0 d & 21.9 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 27.6 \(\pm\) 3.8 b & 14.6 \(\pm\) 1.8 \\ BS & 20.0 \(\pm\) 1.6 b & 3.6 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 13.8 \(\pm\) 2.5 a & 2.5 \(\pm\) 0.8 \\ BS + WB & 18.6 \(\pm\) 1.1 b & 3.7 \(\pm\) 0.2 & 15.6 \(\pm\) 3.2 ab & 3.1 \(\pm\) 1.0 \\ DSF & 2.7 \(\pm\) 0.6 a & 0.7 \(\pm\) 0.1 & n. d. \(\ddagger\) & n. d. \(\ddagger\) \\ DSF + WB & 3.6 \(\pm\) 0.8 a & 1.0 \(\pm\) 0.2 & n. d. \(\ddagger\) & n. d. \(\ddagger\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \(\ddagger\) n.d., not detected.  
\end{table} 
Table 6: Specific activities, referred to unit mass of the solid substrate and extracellular protein, of lacase and peroxidase in _A. olivimuriae_ solid-state cultures conducted for 14 days at 301.15 K on residual thistle biomass (RTB), spent coffee rounds (SCG), barley straw (BS) e digestate solid fraction (DSF) in the absence and in the presence of wheat bran (WB). Data are the means \(\pm\) standard deviation of 4 replicates.