# Multi-Session Electrocardiogram-Electromyogram Database for User Recognition
## 2 Related Work
### Benchmarking EMG DBs  
The sEMG Basic Hand Moves Upatras [14; 15] is an EMG DB comprising data recorded from two channels in the extensor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. This DB contains records of EMG signals generated when subjects aged 20 to 22 performed six hand gestures. It consists of two datasets in total. In Set 1, five subjects repeated each gesture 30 times within a single session, while in Set 2, one subject repeated each gesture 100 times across multiple sessions. For each set, band pass filter (BPF) and notch filter (NF) were employed to eliminate noise present in the signals. NinaPro comprises subdivided DBs. DB1 [16] was created by collecting data from 27 subjects who repeatedly executed 52 gestures, each performed 10 times. Each gesture lasted five seconds with a 3 s rest between gestures. EMG was measured by placing electrodes at the height of the radio-humeral joint, utilizing eight channels around the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Category** & **DB Name** & **Channels** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Session** \\ **Type** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **No. of** \\ **Subjects** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{1} & \multirow{3}{*}{MIT-BIH} & Normal [4; 5] & 2 & Single & 18 \\  & & Arrhythmia [6; 7] & 2 & Single & 47 \\  & & ST Change [8] & 2 & Single & 28 \\
2 & QT [9] & 2 & Single & 105 \\
3 & Abdominal and direct fetal ECG [10] & 5 & Single & 5 \\
4 & PTB Diagnostic [11] & 14 & Single & 290 \\
5 & ECG-ID [12] & 1 & Multi & 90 \\
6 & CSU_ECG [13] & 1 & Multi & 506 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Benchmarking ECG DB description. forearm and one channel each on the flexor digitorum superficialis and extensor digitorum superficialis. The DB consists of three sets: basic finger gestures, hand and wrist gestures, and grip and functional gestures. DB2 is a DB constructed with 12 channels of EMG, featuring the participation of 40 subjects who performed 49 gestures. Sets 1 to 2 of DB2 [17] correspond to Sets 2 to 3 of DB1, while Set 3 contains data acquired during the execution of finger gestures. Each gesture was repeated six times, lasting 5 s. DB5 [18] is a DB constructed with 16 channels of EMG, involving 10 subjects who performed 52 gestures. In DB5, all gestures mirrored those in DB1, with each gesture being repeated six times and lasting 5 s.  
CappMayo [19; 20] is a DB of high-density sEMG (HD-sEMG) recorded from the skin using a two-dimensional array. The EMG data were acquired through 128 channels using an 8 \(\times\) 16 electrode array. The DB comprises two sets, where DB-a contains records of EMG data obtained from 18 subjects performing eight isometric and isotonic hand gestures (gestures 13-20 of Ninapro DB1). In DB-b, 10 subjects performed the same gestures as in DB-a, and EMG measurements were taken in two sessions separated by at least 1 week. Each gesture was maintained for 3 to 10 s, repeated 10 times. The Anglese EMG DB [21] was designed to predict future knee flexion angles during gait, using knee flexion angles and knee muscle EMG signals. The EMG data were obtained using 12 electrodes placed on the tensor fasciae latte, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus muscles on both thighs. Recorded at a sampling rate of 1111 Hz, the EMG data involved ten subjects, who repeated the gait gesture of walking a distance of 20 feet 15 times. Motion artifacts (less than 20 Hz) and high-frequency aliasing effects (greater than 500 Hz) were eliminated using a Butterworth filter. ISRMyo-I [22] involved six subjects who participated in data collection across five sessions. Each session was repeated twice a day with a 30 min interval. Throughout the same session, the electrode positions remained unchanged, arranged in the form of two lines with eight channels each in the upper and lower positions of the forearm muscles. The subjects maintained a total of 12 gestures, each held for 10 s, and the EMG data were obtained at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz.