The formation of diterpenoid resin acids (DRAs) involves further oxidation of diterpene synthase products by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases of the CYP720B group [5; 22]. The terpene synthases and CYP720B genes respond to real or simulated insect attacks by increasing transcript levels, protein abundance, and enzyme activity [6]. The exploration of key genes involved in resin terpene biosynthesis using multi-omics techniques plays an important role in revealing molecular regulatory mechanisms of resin yield. With the development of next-generation sequencing technologies, advanced approaches have greatly contributed to biological studies in non-model plants. Pacific Biosciences Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) can capture a complete catalog of transcripts and their variants [23; 24], whereas the technique has a high error rate, which can be corrected by the Illumina short reads (RNA-Seq) [25; 26; 27]. A combination of the second-and third-generation transcriptome can provide both full-length transcripts and the expression profiles of transcripts in specific samples, which is beneficial for excavating key genes and metabolic pathways involved in resin yield. The proteomic assay can provide more direct information on critical biological processes, such as terpenoid biosynthesis [28]. Iso-baric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) is an extensively used quantitative technology in proteomic studies [29; 30; 31; 32] that improves the accuracy and reliability of protein quantification in comparison with those of conventional 2D-polyacrylamideamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) [33; 34]. However, no studies had been performed concerning the expression changes of genes and proteins simultaneously, e.g., through the integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome, and therefore less information had been available about the association between transcriptome and proteome profiles concerning resin yield in masson pine. As one of the most important native tree species in southern China, masson pine (_Pinus massoniana_ L.) plays a key role in providing wood and resin for industrial uses, and approximately 90% of resin is from this species. Resin yield is a significant economic trait and remarked genetic variations within different genotypes have been found in masson pine [14; 35]. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of resin yield in masson pine are unclear. To better understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of resin yield and to identify the key genes and pathways involved in resin yield at the transcriptomicand proteomic levels, in this study, Iso-Seq, RNA-Seq and iTRAQ were carried out in parallel to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in needles of masson pine with the high and common resin yield, followed by the functional analysis of these specifically or commonly regulated DEGs and DEPs. Subsequently, biochemical characterization was further combined to identify the key genes and pathways involved in resin yield. In the present research, the contents of photosynthetic pigment, sugar, and endogenous hormone were detected to determine the differences in biochemical levels between the high and common ones. Candidate genes and pathways related to resin yield were identified through RNA-Seq and iTRAQ. The results provide a theoretical foundation for elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanisms of resin yield and also provide candidate genes that can be applied for the molecular-assisted selection and breeding of high resin-yielding masson pine.