## 4 Systematized Criteria Increasing the Asphalt Recycling Rate in the Country  
### Criteria, Increasing Asphalt Recycling Rate  
Criteria that increase the relative amount of asphalt pavement recycling (recycling rate) in the country were systematized during discussions with dedicated professionals in the mix design, asphalt production technologies, and asphalt mixtures application in the construction process of transport infrastructure, employees of scientific institutions and analyzing scientific publications. The full description and abbreviations of these ten criteria (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J) with a detailed explanation of the research object are given below. Factors that increase the recycling rate \(K_{Rcc}\) of highways, roads, streets, airport runways and taxiways, and other transport infrastructure areas (percentage ratio \(Q_{Rcc}\) of the quantity of RAP used in the recycled hot and warm asphalt mixes from the old pavement with the total the amount RAP (\(Q_{RAP}\))) in the country:  
1. Significant wear and tear of the country's transport infrastructure's asphalt pavement up to the limit state: many damages and their rehabilitation sites, a low strength index of the road structure, and low residual resource (wear of the asphalt surface);
2. The number of recycling equipment (remixers, recyclers and asphalt plants adapted to recycle RAP) in the country, their innovative design, high productivity, and even (proportional to the amount of RA) arrangement (number of recycling equipment and productivity);
3. The large number and cumulative performance of equipment for dismantling, crushing, and classifying the used asphalt pavement (road milling machines, crushers, screens) and their innovative design (quantity and performance of road milling machines);
4. Relevance of normative documents regulating asphalt recycling technologies, requirements for RAP sorting, storage and quality, design of optimal composition of recycled mixture, testing methods, and environmental protection (relevance of the normative documents);
5. Qualification, experience, training system developed in the country of managers, professional specialists, and other staff members who intend and can recycle asphalt pavement (personnel qualification and skills); \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**\% of Available Reclaimed Asphalt Reuse in Hot and**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**–**} & \\
**Country** & **Warm Mix Asphalt Production (\(K_{Rec}\))** & **Average \(K_{Rec}\), \%** & **Rank (Priority)** \\  & **2017** & **2018** & **2019** & & \\ \hline Austria (AT) & 60 & 70 & 70 & 67 & 11 \\ Belgium (BE) & 95 & 100 & 79 & 91 & 2 \\ Croatia (HR) & no data & no data & 35 & 35 & 12 \\ Czech Republic (CZ) & 14 & 12 & 14 & 13 & 17 \\ Denmark (DK) & 66 & 68 & 70 & 68 & 10 \\ Finland (FI) & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 1 \\ France (FR) & 70 & 73 & 75 & 73 & 6–8 \\ Germany (DE) & 84 & 82 & 82 & 83 & 5 \\ Great Britain (GB) & half warm 90 & 30 & 30 & 14 \\ Hungary (HU) & 95 & 70 & 98 & 88 & 4 \\ Italy (IT) & 23 & no data & 25 & 24 & 15–16 \\ Netherlands (NL) & 71 & no data & no data & 71 & 9 \\ Norway (NO) & 30 & 34 & 28 & 31 & 13 \\ Romania (RO) & no data & no data & 0 & 0 & 19 \\ Slovakia (SK) & 96 & 82 & 40 & 73 & 6–8 \\ Slovenia (SI) & 24 & 24 & 23 & 24 & 15–16 \\ Spain (ES) & 83 & 76 & 59.6 & 73 & 6–8 \\ Switzerland (CH) & no data & no data & 90 & 90 & 3 \\ Turkey (TR) & 9 & 1 & 9 & 6 & 18 \\ USA & 96 & 90.5 & 94.1 & 94 & (2) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The relative amount of RAP (recycling rate \(K_{Rec}\)) used in hot and warm mixed asphalt mixtures in European countries and the USA.