## 3 Results and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Light** & **Germination Energy (\%) * (\(n\) = 4)** & **Final Mass (g) ** \\ \hline UVA (340 nm) & 89.3 \(\pm\) 2.9 & 600.8 \(\pm\) 36.6 \\ blue (440 nm) & 88.5 \(\pm\) 2.1 & 629.0 \(\pm\) 30.2 \\ red (630 nm) & 88.5 \(\pm\) 2.3 & 778.6 \(\pm\) 34.3 \\ white (380-780 nm) & 89.0 \(\pm\) 2.3 & 669.5 \(\pm\) 28.1 \\ \hline
**White Light and Pulsed Electric** & **Germination Energy (\%) * (\(n\) = 4)** & **Final Mass (g) ** \\ \hline
1.0 kV/cm & 88.8 \(\pm\) 2.3 & 672.0 \(\pm\) 21.7 \\
2.5 kV/cm & 90.8 \(\pm\) 2.9 & 692.0 \(\pm\) 20.8 \\
5.0 kV/cm & 94.0 \(\pm\) 3.0 & 710.4 \(\pm\) 30.5 \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* The performed analysis of variance does not allow for the rejection of the hypothesis of equality of means (F = 1.82, \(p\) = 0.143). Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to examine the differences on germination energy according to the treatment taken. No significant differences (Chi-squared = 10.91, \(p\) = 0.09) were found among all the seven growing conditions.
* Statistically significant differences are presented in the Table 2.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Germination energy given per 100 pieces of seeds and the final mass of the samples after their cultivation in the different growth conditions, recalculated to the initial weight of 100 g sprouts. Values are presented as mean \(\pm\) SD. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Treatment** & **UVA** & **Blue** & **Red** & **White** & **PEF 1** & **PEF 2.5** \\ \hline UVA & - & - & - & - & - \\ blue & 0.8931 & - & - & - & - \\ red & **0.0002** & **0.0005** & - & - & - \\ white & 0.1299 & 0.6335 & **0.0066** & - & - & - \\ PEF 1 & 0.1094 & 0.5735 & **0.0079** & 1.0000 & - & - \\ PEF 2.5 & **0.0261** & 0.1965 & **0.0342** & 0.9637 & 0.9796 & - \\ PEF 5 & **0.0063** & 0.0522 & 0.1345 & 0.6254 & 0.6850 & 0.9827 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: \(p\)-Values of [PERSON]’s post hoc tests after one-way ANOVA for final mass of sprouts with treatments as fixed factors (F = 11.50, \(p\) < 0.05). Statistically significant differences are bolded. Figure 1 shows the mass of sprouts depending on the day of cultivation. The initial mass of each sample was 5 g. The obtained mass in the harvest day depended on the pre-treatment and cultivation conditions. The germination energy of red clover seeds (Table 1) in the case of PEF 5 kV/cm (in the process of seed pre-treatment before sowing) was the highest but did not differ statistically in comparison to other treatments. Moreover, all analysed groups had no significant differences in germination energy. The use of monochromatic LED sources and white light with the addition of 1 and 2.5 kV/cm PEF did not affect germination energy compared to white light crops (no statistically significant differences were found). A statistically significant increase in germination energy was found after 4 days using a field of energy 240 J (12 kV) for parsley and 960 J (12 kV, the number of pulses was changed) for parsley, winter wheat, winter barley, lettuce, tomato and garden rocket [37]. In other studies, germination energy measured after 24 h was positively correlated with the increase in intensity (energy of pulse electric field) and in the case of 6 kV/cm PEF with 50 pulses it was 92% compared with 84% for non-treated sprouts [25]. For _Haloxylon ammodendron_ seeds, it has been observed that germination energy increases from 72.9% to 90.3% and 98.0% in the cases of using the strengths of 10 and 20 kV/cm, respectively [38]. It was observed that red clover sprouts after 7 days of cultivation contain \(\beta\)-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin. However, their content varies depending on the factors used (PEF, different lengths of light). In this experiment, monochromatic light sources were used in the process of red clover sprouts growing. Moreover, the chosen wavelengths had a documented effect on photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis [39; 40; 36; 41].