## 4 Drone Forensics and Security Solutions--Review
[118] focused on drone forensic investigation, with the DJI Spark drone serving as a case study. The authors highlighted the rise in drone crimes due to the carrying capabilities and widespread availability of drones. They emphasized the importance of drone forensic analysis in addressing these crimes. The paper detailed the process of collecting, examining, correcting, and analyzing crucial artifacts extracted from the recorded flight data. It also presented crime reconstruction techniques for temporal analysis and explored the associations between drones, mobile phones, and SD cards. By exploring and evaluating these relational artifacts, the authors aimed to uncover valuable insights into the relationships among the different components involved in drone-related crimes. This work contributes to the field of drone forensics by providing a systematic approach for artifact analysis and crime reconstruction, focusing on the DJI Spark drone. In 2019, [PERSON] et al. [119] addressed the field of drone forensics, with a specific focus on forensics related to flight data logs. They recognized the decreasing cost of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drones, which has led to their widespread adoption in various civilian and business applications. However, the features offered by drones have also been maliciously exploited, thereby increasing the need for drone forensics. This work aims to fill a gap in the literature by investigating forensics on flight data logs, specifically focusing on the widely used Ardupilot platform and its dataflash and telemetry logs. The authors discussed a methodology for collecting the necessary information, analyzing it, and constructing a timeline of events. They also developed an open-source tool that facilitates this process and tested it using data provided by VTO Labs. This study contributes to the field of drone forensics by providing insights into the analysis of flight data logs and offering a practical tool for forensic investigations in this domain. In 2020, [PERSON] et al. [120] delved into drone forensics by performing a meticulous analysis of the emerging DJI models. They acknowledged the challenges posed by rapidly evolving drone technology, particularly due to drones' escalating use in digital crimes. The authors emphasized the need for forensic examiners to be well-versed in drone technology, forensic methods, and the capabilities of existing tools to effectively extract crucial information for forensic investigations. Their study analyzed the data extracted from four popular hobbyist drone models (DJI Mavic 2 Pro, DJI Mavic Air, DJI Spark, and DJI Phantom 4) and compared the applicability and capability of several commercial and open-source forensic tools. Their findings highlighted the difficulties in analyzing newer drone models due to enhanced security measures. Therefore, they stressed the need for novel forensic processes and specialized tools to enhance drone forensic analysis. In 2021, [PERSON] et al. [121] conducted a case study to explore drone forensics and digital forensic investigations for common drone models. The authors highlighted the growing prevalence of drones, which have become a societal norm in our daily lives. They emphasized the privacy challenges posed by drones, as they can capture high-quality aerial photos, store and transmit data, and potentially invade privacy or expose sensitive information if misused or intercepted by hackers. Recognizing the increasing misuse of drones in criminal activities, the authors stressed the need for a novel methodological approach to conduct digital forensic analyses on seized drones. This study investigated six popular drone brands that are commonly associated with criminal activities and extracted forensically relevant data such as location information, captured images and videos, flight paths, and ownership details of confiscated drones.