## 1 Introduction
[PERSON] [14] compared the theoretical performance of the NACA 0012 bend configuration with the NACA 0012 symmetrical configuration and found that the bend configuration provided more tangential thrust torque over a wider range of angle of attack and produced more energy per cycle. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [13] predicted that the NACA 4415 asymmetric bend blade has good self-starting characteristics, which can also be achieved at higher rotor densities. [PERSON] et al. [20] performed a two-dimensional CFD analysis on the fixed pitched-up three-bladed rotor of the Darrieus type. The simulation results showed that the average torque can be sufficient to self-start the pitched-up blade configuration. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [21] studied the effect of blade bending at the chord ends on the self-starting characteristics of a three-bladed Darrieus-type rotor with asymmetric profile. It was concluded that rotor self-starting can be expected when the blade angle is greater than 90\({}^{\circ}\) with a blade bend of 30\({}^{\circ}\) with a chord Reynolds number of 6.1 \(\times\) 104. The authors of [22] investigated the effect of the number of blades (type NACA 0012) on the self-starting capability of the H-rotor. It was found that two-bladed turbines have the potential for self-starting, but their self-starting ability is limited by not all possible starting positions, which may pose a problem for commercial turbines. At the same time, it was noted that a three-bladed rotor is capable of self-starting under stable wind conditions. The authors of [23] conducted a numerical study on the influence of blade thickness and starting time at various azimuthal angles for a three-bladed H-Darrieus rotor at wind speeds ranging from 3 to 7 m/s, using four symmetrical blade profiles: NACA 0012, NACA 0015, NACA 0018, and NACA 0021. The study showed that increasing the blade profile thickness contributes to better self-starting ability. However, there is currently a lack of detailed studies on the performance of asymmetrical three-bladed H-Darrieus rotors with different high solidities, particularly concerning static characteristics, starting time, dynamic properties, and various asymmetrical blade profiles at low tip speed ratios. Therefore, further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of such vertical designs. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [24] performed a numerical study of a three-bladed H-Darrieus rotor with a fixed blade pitch angle, using three different profiles: symmetrical NACA 0015 and NACA 0018, and asymmetrical S1210. Considering two different solidity values, 0.2 for symmetrical profiles and 0.4 for cambered profiles, various advantages of S1210 blade profiles were identified. [PERSON] et al. [25] analyzed the asymmetrical special-purpose airfoil MI-VAWT1 for a small-capacity three-bladed H-Darrieus rotor, investigating various parameters and varying the solidity from 0.1 to 1. It was found that this airfoil provides better aerodynamic performance compared to the NACA 0015 profile. [PERSON] et al. [26] investigated the performance of a four-bladed H-Darrieus rotor using various symmetrical and asymmetrical NACA 4-digit profiles, while varying parameters such as rotor radius and blade pitch angle. They studied the effect of two different rotor solidities, 0.75 and 1.5, on its performance, finding that the maximum power coefficient was 7% with a solidity of 0.75 and using a symmetrical NACA 0024 blade with a fixed pitch angle. With two or three blade designs, the performance was even worse. Their results showed unusual rotor characteristics that did not meet traditional expectations for an H-Darrieus rotor. The authors believe that while such studies are based on scientific approaches, they may be skewed by insufficient modeling or incorrect parameter selection, leading to degraded performance. There is no convincing evidence that low solidity effectively impacts the performance of an H-Darrieus rotor with asymmetrical blades.