## 3 ICX Model  
Multiple factors influence ICX depending on the goals and methods of each study. Key determinants include information availability, data quality, interface usability, and user satisfaction [46; 47; 48]. UX research highlights how these factors shape user interactions with systems [49]. Easy information access enhances creativity, empowerment, and satisfaction but may lead to cognitive fatigue if excessive [50; 51; 52]. Organizational hierarchy and culture also impact information flow. For instance, middle managers tend to restrict vertical sharing [10], while resistance to systems often stems from routine-based habits and perceptions [53]. These elements mirror TIMI moderators such as anxiety and efficacy. This section introduces a new ICX model, developed by identifying similarities between TIMI and organizational information consumption. This model was built on a prior systematic literature review [3], which identified key influencing factors across personal, social, and organizational dimensions. A comparative analysis of TIMI and ICX frameworks revealed alignments and gaps, leading to a multidimensional theoretical structure suitable for empirical validation in organizational settings. Figure 2 presents the ICX model based on TIMI's core stages--searching, decision, and consumption--and highlights the interaction between information consumers and providers. Each phase is shaped by data quality, information management strategies, and personal and social factors. Together, these influence interaction quality and consumer satisfaction. In the searching phase, the consumer seeks information to meet a need or reduce uncertainty. This involves engaging with sources such as platforms, databases, or direct communication. Perceptions of reliability and usefulness are shaped by data quality. Providers deploy Information Management Strategies to ensure accessibility and relevance. These strategies significantly impact whether the search continues or advances to decision-making. In the decision phase, consumers evaluate information to reduce their Uncertainty Discrepancy--the gap between current knowledge and desired understanding. This drives decisions about further searching or information use. Provider strategies again play a role, affecting clarity and completeness. Additionally, ICX Personal and Social Factors--such as \begin{table}
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**Approach** & **Main Contributions** & **References** \\ \hline Information Literacy and Workplace Impact & Establishes the role of information literacy in workplace performance, emphasizing its impact on creativity, learning, and organizational efficiency. Also explores its influence on multitasking and cognitive load in technology use. & [20; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26] \\ \hline Information Management (IM) and Technology Adoption Models & Examines how information management improves organizational efficiency, decision-making, and collaboration. Discusses TAM for understanding technology adoption and AI applications for enhancing information access. Also studies the impact of technological insecurity perceptions. & [11; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39] \\ \hline Job Satisfaction and Information Behavior & Investigates the relationship between job satisfaction, information behavior, and organizational performance. Analyzes personality traits influencing satisfaction and the role of IT consumerization in workplace information use. & [12; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45] \\ \hline ICX Factors and Information Systems & Identifies key factors influencing ICX, including information availability, quality, and user satisfaction. Examines how information access affects creativity and cognitive fatigue. Explores organizational barriers to information sharing and resistance to information systems. & [10; 46; 47; 48; 49; 50; 51; 52; 53] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Main contributions of ICX-related approaches. prior knowledge, cognitive bias, and peer influence--shape how information is interpreted and trusted.