# Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review
## 4 Smart Grid and 5G  
Smart grids assimilate information, communication, and networking with automation into the legacy power arrangement, changing the way energy is stored and delivered between the utilities and the users. Nowadays, smart grids are regarded as the most imperative structure of many international energy strategies globally in various fast-growing countries. These smart grids operate on the convention of all components connected to the grid, which are well monitored and controlled in every function. There are vast data used, and the network connectivity is also massive among the interconnection, which leads to vital information being shared centrally. Therefore, a proper communication system for the future smart grid is a pivotal area that links all power transmitted and distributed with overall management systems. The two way link between the transmission and the distributed sector requires a large amount of data with proper channeling. Security concerns are important to consider and have  
Figure 2: Overview of 5G architecture. been addressed by smart meters and other assets. Wireless communication is important as a reliable, efficient, and intelligent way to enhance the conventional power grids into smart grids. The role of data traffic distribution in a smart grid network [66; 67; 68; 69; 70] can be classified into two sections. The first among these is a home area network (HAN) [71], which involves interaction between the utility and the users through underlying connections such as smart meters and sensors. The next major segment is the direct connection between the utility providers and the generation side. In the past decade, power line communication has been considered as the best communication provider between these segments. The authenticity of the communication system [71] in the future shall be improved by allowing power line communication [72] for the integration of information and communication. This is achieved by enabling the digital communication in power lines in addition to electrical power transmission. The architecture of 5G and smart grids [73; 74] paves the way for various assets, both from the transmission and the distribution side. The 5G slicing layers involve multiple domains at both the user and the utility plane. The diversification of services brings in new energy and users and involves challenging aspects regarding load balancing. The other important feature in the underlying architecture is the on-demand deployment where the network functions are analyzed based on the service needs. Moreover, 5G network slicing provides end-to-end network low latency assurance. The end-to-end (E2E) service level agreement [75; 76; 77; 78; 79; 80; 81], with the proposed design provides various key components, such as communication service management and network slice management. They are majorly involved in reducing network costs and on-demand deployment at the user side. The 5G grid provides logically separated networks that are isolated and have been shared with the telecom networks at a larger scale [82]. From the service perspective, industrial control at the automation level is carried out with millisecond level precise control [83; 84]. The 5G slicing [77; 78] can be done and customized based on the agility and the isolated unique service at the grid side [78]. Flexible network capability is an important measure that provides secure capabilities. This design helps to reduce capital expenditure, and thereby the speed of the network can be managed [79; 80]. The service from the technical perspective with 5G networks provides many slicing layers. The scenario involves intelligently distributed feeder automation with communication latency at a higher level and a low bandwidth [79; 80; 81] The information acquired in low voltage distributed systems exhibits that the new architecture develops low communication latency requirements and low bandwidth. This also shows the low service isolation requirement and the medium service priority [85].