## 5 Conclusions  
In this study, the seismic response of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings located on sloping terrain was evaluated using the FEMA P695 methodology. Structural archetypes were designed and analyzed for ground inclinations ranging from 0\({}^{\circ}\) to 45\({}^{\circ}\), incorporating nonlinear analyses of both pushover and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) types. Based on the results obtained, the seismic design factors were validated and adjusted, including the response reduction factor, overstrength factor, and displacement amplification factor. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows. Influence of slope on seismic response:  
It was found that the terrain inclination introduced significant modifications to the structural response of buildings. In particular, in the direction orthogonal to the slope, a reduction in system flexibility and an increase in lateral stiffness were observed, leading to reduced lateral displacements and an altered internal force distribution within the structure. Additionally, it was determined that the slope affected the base shear force. Although it resulted in a reduction in the response reduction factor (\(R\)) of up to 15% in the most extreme case--and, consequently, an increase in the seismic acceleration demand--the accompanying decrease in seismic weight led to an overall reduction in the design base shear force. Structural safety and adjustment of seismic factors:  
While the current design approach in Chile, based on standard R-values, provides an adequate safety margin, the results indicate the need to differentiate seismic design parameters between the directions parallel and orthogonal to the slope. This would allow for the optimization of the structural response and help avoid both overdesign and underperformance. Collapse probability and safety margin:  
The estimated probability of collapse for the archetypes was below the 10% threshold recommended by FEMA P695 in most cases, with a maximum value of 8.643%. This maximum was observed in the archetype founded on a 30\({}^{\circ}\) slope in the direction parallel to the incline, highlighting the need to reinforce certain design criteria in such configurations. Effect of overstrength factor:  
The calculated overstrength values met the requirements of the FEMA P695 methodology. However, increases in overstrength of up to 110% compared with the flat-ground archetype were observed for cases with slopes greater than 30\({}^{\circ}\) in the direction orthogonal to the slope. This indicated a less efficient energy dissipation mechanism, likely due to the reduction in structural elements at the lower levels caused by the terrain geometry. Displacement amplification factor:  
The current Chilean seismic code does not explicitly account for the amplification of displacements induced by the use of the response reduction factor (\(R\)) to reduce the design spectrum. The results of this study suggest that for buildings located on sloping terrain, consideration of this factor may improve the estimation of drifts and displacements during design. These findings are consistent with the provisions in EC-8, where the displacement amplification factor is set equal to the response reduction factor used in the analysis. The effect of topography on the seismic response of buildings:Although this study focused on the structural evaluation of seismic design parameters through archetypes located on sloping terrain and founded on stiff soils, the results highlight the importance of site conditions in defining the seismic demand. In this context, future developments in seismic design codes could benefit from complementary geotechnical assessments, such as 2D and 3D seismic response analyses that consider slope-induced amplification. While these aspects are beyond the scope of this research, their integration with methodologies such as FEMA P695 would support the development of more comprehensive seismic design strategies for buildings located on hillsides.