## 2 Materials and Methods
### Overall Transfer of Phytoconstituents into Oil and Solid Residue from Seeds
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{_Nigella_} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Pytoconstituents Overall Transfer (\%) from Seeds to Resulting Oil and Solid Residue**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Transferred** & **Transferred** & **Transferred** & **Transferred** & **Transferred** & **Transferred** & **Transferred** \\  & **TPC\%** & **FRAP\%** & **CUPRAC\%** & **TQ\%** & **SFA\%** & **MUFA\%** & **PUFA\%** \\ \hline AVTKS\#1 & 80.6 \(\pm\) 4.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 81.5 \(\pm\) 7.2 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 89.7 \(\pm\) 6.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 57.6 \(\pm\) 4.4 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 80.7 \(\pm\) 9.9 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 76.2 \(\pm\) 7.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 59.7 \(\pm\) 6.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#2 & 88.2 \(\pm\) 4.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 81.3 \(\pm\) 4.6 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 89.9 \(\pm\) 9.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 58.1 \(\pm\) 6.2 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 71.7 \(\pm\) 6.4 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 84.2 \(\pm\) 7.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 55.4 \(\pm\) 3.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#3 & 88.1 \(\pm\) 7.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 77.8 \(\pm\) 4.3 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 91.8 \(\pm\) 7.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 59.5 \(\pm\) 8.4 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 75.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 84.7 \(\pm\) 4.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 57.4 \(\pm\) 2.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#4 & 82.7 \(\pm\) 2.8 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 75.8 \(\pm\) 1.6 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 91.4 \(\pm\) 5.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 56.0 \(\pm\) 3.9 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 76.2 \(\pm\) 11.4 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 83.2 \(\pm\) 4.8 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 55.9 \(\pm\) 8.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#5 & 80.9 \(\pm\) 5.8 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 76.7 \(\pm\) 2.9 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 87.9 \(\pm\) 5.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 57.8 \(\pm\) 7.5 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 79.9 \(\pm\) 3.7 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 79.2 \(\pm\) 9.1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 58.1 \(\pm\) 2.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#6 & 87.7 \(\pm\) 2.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 79.0 \(\pm\) 2.9 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 90.5 \(\pm\) 4.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 58.6 \(\pm\) 6.3 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 74.4 \(\pm\) 5.1 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 82.5 \(\pm\) 5.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 56.4 \(\pm\) 1.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#7 & 88.3 \(\pm\) 4.8 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 75.6 \(\pm\) 5.6 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 92.3 \(\pm\) 5.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 55.6 \(\pm\) 2.0 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 68.7 \(\pm\) 5.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 79.2 \(\pm\) 5.4 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 51.6 \(\pm\) 5.6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#8 & 83.2 \(\pm\) 4.2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 74.2 \(\pm\) 7.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 88.4 \(\pm\) 4.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 53.9 \(\pm\) 4.8 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 76.7 \(\pm\) 1.6 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 86.2 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 57.7 \(\pm\) 1.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#9 & 81.3 \(\pm\) 5.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 77.9 \(\pm\) 5.3 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 90.2 \(\pm\) 3.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 51.4 \(\pm\) 4.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 68.5 \(\pm\) 6.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 78.9 \(\pm\) 6.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 51.7 \(\pm\) 3.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ AVTKS\#10 & 88.1 \(\pm\) 2.8 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 78.0 \(\pm\) 2.6 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 89.3 \(\pm\) 6.6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 62.8 \(\pm\) 7.7 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 82.6 \(\pm\) 7.3 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 90.6 \(\pm\) 6.2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 62.4 \(\pm\) 5.2 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) \\ AVTKS\#11 & 88.2 \(\pm\) 4.9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 83.9 \(\pm\) 4.8 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 86.3 \(\pm\) 7.1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 57.8 \(\pm\) 8.5 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 77.8 \(\pm\) 8.1 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 84.4 \(\pm\) 7.1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 61.6 \(\pm\) 7.7 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) \\ AVTKS\#12 & 88.0 \(\pm\) 4.0 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 84.4 \(\pm\) 3.5 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 90.5 \(\pm\) 8.1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 64.9 \(\pm\) 5.3 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 92. The findings indicate that TPC, antioxidant capacity, SFAs, and MUFAs were retained at relatively high levels in the processed oil and solid residue. Conversely, TQ and PUFAs showed comparatively lower retention rates, suggesting their greater vulnerability to degradation. Our results align with previous findings that suggest TQ and PUFAs are particularly prone to oxidative degradation.