esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Results and Discussion
Therefore, it is safe to assume that an increase in temperature will further increase the extraction efficiency but may degrade the antioxidant more quickly. Higher \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Source** & **Degrees of Freedom** & **Sum of Square** & **Mean Square** & **F-Value** & _p-Value_ \\ \hline Main effects & & & & & \\ temperature & 1 & 41 & 40.6 & 17.008 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ time & 4 & 1688 & 421.9 & 176.634 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ solvent & 6 & 17,693 & 2948.8 & 1234.435 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ temperature:time & 4 & 872 & 218.1 & 91.306 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ temperature:solvent & 6 & 18 & 3 & 1.268 & 0.276 \\ time:solvent & 24 & 372 & 15.5 & 6.489 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ temperature:time:solvent & 24 & 165 & 6.9 & 2.876 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Residuals & 140 & 334 & 2.4 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Multivariate Anova analysis of variance of L-ascorbic acid content on the type of solvent, temperatures, and time in freeze-dried rose fruits pomace. temperatures may promote the solubility of extracts in the solvent and initiate a sudden increase in the diffusion rate, followed by faster mass transfer. Figure 2 shows the results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our PCA analysis data shows a positive correlation both between the L-ascorbic acid content and the tested extraction temperature, as well as between the polyphenol content and the tested extraction temperature. We observed a very strong correlation between the extraction temperatures used and the content of L-ascorbic acid as well as polyphenols. In general, a higher content of L-ascorbic acid and polyphenols was observed for extraction with 50% acetone, while low contents were observed for extraction with acetone alone at all times.
## 3 Proposed Structure
### Operation Procedure  
Figure 1 illustrates the operating procedure of the proposed architecture. For example, the challenge \(C\) (1100) has hash indices of 0, 5, and 13, and a challenge length of 4, so the PDBF cell shifted by 4 is queried. Since all the values in the cell are not 0, the PDBF produces a positive result, and the corresponding challenge \(C\) (1100) is transmitted to the pm-PUF, resulting in the output response \(R\) (110). To query the CRPBF, a hash index is obtained with the \(CRP\) (1,100,110), the concatenation of the input challenge \(C\) (1100) and the output response \(R\) (110) of the pm-PUF. The hash indices of \(CRP\) (1,100,110) are 3, 6, and 10, each CPRBF cell accessed contains a 1, and the CPRBF produces a positive result. The output response \(R\) from the pm-PUF is transmitted to the authentication server for comparison with its CRP table. When the server indicates successful authentication, since the CRP has been used, the challenge \(C\) of input is deleted in the PDBF. The hash indices of challenge \(C\) (1100) are 0, 5, and 13, and the challenge length is 4. In the PDBF, the cells shifted by 4 are 4, 9, and 1, and since the  
Figure 5: Querying procedure for a CRPBF.  
contents of cells 1 and 4 are not X, their values are each decreased by 1. However, since the value of cell 9 is X, it is not deleted. Algorithm 3 describes the operation procedure in detail.  
To summarize these operations, the security of the pm-PUF is improved because the proposed structure transmits the challenge identified by the PDBF to the pm-PUF and passes the pm-PUF response to the CRPBF, transmitting only the response that exists in the authentication server. To prevent the reuse of CRPs, the challenge of an authenticated CRP is deleted from the PDBF.  
```
FunctionQueryBF(challenge) PB_RESULT = Querying_PDBF(challenge, length\({}_{challenge}\)); ifpb_result == positivethen  Input challenge passed to pm-PUF;  end if else  Input challenge drop;  end if //Response from pm-PUF \(CRP\) = concatenate(challenge, response); CRP_RESULT = Querying_CRPBF(CRP); ifCRP_RESULT == positivethen Response passed to Authentication Server; if Authentication Successthen  Deleting_PDBF(challenge, length\({}_{challenge}\));  end if  end if else  Response drop;  end if
```  
**Algorithm 3**Operation Procedure
# Hybrid Renewable Systems for Small Energy Communities: What Is the Best Solution?
## 3 Case Study
### Data Collection
#### 3.1.2 Intermittent Energy Production: Photovoltaic and Wind Generation  
The solar power production data were obtained from the tool PVGIS for a peak power of 1 kWp and subsequently scaled up in accordance with the proposed setup and configuration. The selected module was of the monocrystalline silicon module type with an optimized slope and azimuth orientation of 32 and \(-\)5 degrees, respectively.  
The wind power output (W\({}^{i}\)), in kW, was estimated by Equation (12) for standard wind speed limits: cut-in speed (\(u_{ci}\)) = 2 m/s, rated speed (\(u_{r}\)) = 10 m/s, and cut-out speed (\(u_{co}\)) = 25 m/s [56]. The hourly wind speed at a height of 50 m (\(u^{i}\)), was retrieved from PVGIS solar data, in m/s. P\({}_{r}\) corresponds to the wind turbine rated power, in kW.  
\[W^{i}\Big{(}u^{i}\Big{)}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}0\to u^{i}\leq u_{ci}\\ P_{r}\ \frac{u^{i}-u_{ci}}{u_{r}-u_{ci}}\to u_{ci}\leq u^{i}\leq u_{r}\\ P_{r}\to u_{r}\leq u^{i}\leq u_{co}\\ 0\to u^{i}\geq u_{co}\end{array}\right. \tag{12}\]
# State-Of-The-Art and Prospects for Peer-To-Peer Transaction-Based Energy System
## 3 Motivation/Desired Outcome of Transaction-Based Energy
### Improved Network Agility  
TE can reduce dependency on the main grid by creating a platform for the numerous distributed energy producers to transact energy, thus increasing grid reliability. Furthermore, TE reduces requirements for capacities to address energy generation/load uncertainties, and it creates a platform for all actors to transact energy, thereby balancing the intermittent supply and uncertainty in demands [34].  
Figure 1: Overview of the energy trading concept (adapted from [10]). ICT: information and communication infrastructure.
## 4 Detailed Proposed Technology and Test Results
### Image Pre-Processing Strategy for Minimizing Lighting Changes Caused by Environmental Variations  
Lighting control is possible for small parts, but it is difficult to control lighting in automobile assembly processes due to the large size of the vehicle. Frequent changes in illumination occur due to the inability to control lighting. Additionally, the camera shooting angle changes due to the positional deviation of the mobile robot during image acquisition, causing variations in the gain, exposure, brightness, gamma, and other image features. Contrast changes in the image can degrade the performance of feature point detection through image comparison. Furthermore, changes in the brightness can cause excessive variations at the edges of the image, causing the performance degradation of the CNN network. To address these issues, an algorithm was applied to match the histogram of the acquired image to that of the initial reference image, thereby compensating for overexposure and brightness changes in the image [15; 16].  
The formula for matching each pixel value, \(p_{new}(i,j)\), in the new image, \(I_{new}\), to the histogram of the reference image, \(I_{ref}\), as shown in Figure 6, is given as follows:  
\[p_{new}(i,j)=\sum_{k=0}^{L-1}\frac{h_{ref}(k)}{h_{new}(k)}.\]  
\[\max(0,\min(p_{new}^{max},k+\frac{p_{new}^{max}}{L}-p_{new}(i,j)))\]  
Here, \(h_{ref}(k)\) and \(h_{new}(k)\) represent the histograms of \(I_{ref}\) and \(I_{new}\), respectively. \(L\) denotes the range of pixel values and \(p_{new}^{max}\) denotes the maximum pixel value of \(I_{new}\). This formula matches the histogram of \(I_{new}\) to that of \(I_{ref}\), thereby improving the contrast of \(I_{new}\). In software-based image processing after image acquisition, the original image is fixed and the range for change is set. Registration cannot be performed if there is a large difference from the original image. To solve this problem, it is more effective to acquire an image similar to the initially acquired image while changing the camera parameters during image acquisition. However, this is not suitable for automobile production plants  
Figure 5: Evaluation of SURF algorithm performance with mixed image search area and image search exclusion area.  
where production cycle time is important since image acquisition time increases. Therefore, the operating time must be considered when developing a system in an industrial setting.
# An Application of Android Sensors and Google Earth
## 1 Introduction
This revealed that the recommended index could define road surface deficiencies with a high precision (between 80 and 93 percent) [9]. [PERSON] et al. (2014) made an effort to correlate road roughness between a smartphone and a conventional profiler. They obtained measurements from 11 road segments on a secondary highway in New Brunswick, Canada, and thereafter concluded that there was a strong correlation between the results of the profiler and the smartphone [10]. To evaluate the feasibility of such a technique, [PERSON] et al. (2018) created a prototype smartphone app. In Virginia, the prototype app was used for collecting acceleration data from two routes by running the app on tablets. The suggested smartphone application technique enables the gathering of roughness data, according to the evaluation in Virginia. [11]. [PERSON] et al. (2019) used the embedded sensors of a smartphone to calculate pavement roughness and investigate the feasibility of assessing pavement surface conditions with smartphones [12]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) used low-cost smartphone sensor data to estimate pavement conditions, which were then entered into a known geographic information system (GIS) [13]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2021) utilized an android-based application for collecting accelerometer data on a local road in Ireland. Their results revealed the ability of the application to collect data for the identification of road surface defects. This method attempts to ensure road serviceability at lower costs for inspection and maintenance [14]. Pavement roughness is a key indicator of pavement surface performance, since it directly reflects the pavement's serviceability to road users. In recent years, several road agencies have employed the IRI as an objective indicator of their pavement network conditions in their business plans. A significant relationship exists between the IRI and features of pavement surface distress, such as cracking, patching, depression, and raveling [15]. This paper presents an application method for android sensors in addition to the use of the Google Earth platform to aid the decision-making process in pavement maintenance management systems. The main objective of this paper is to provide a simple and cost-effective road maintenance management system that can be used by small and intermediate cities in developing countries. Efforts have been made to obtain a data inventory and prioritize road maintenance using sensors embedded in smartphones, as well as using the Google Earth platform to handle data and visualize the output of reporting.
# Identification and Description of Outliers in the [PERSON] Collection of Native American Music
## 4 Outliers in the Densmore Collection of Native American Music
### Outlier Songs with Unusual Features
Similarly, the infrequent beginning on the octave in Nootka and Quileute songs, such as songs ID1303 and ID1474, is highlighted at the group-level, here explicitly emphasising the under-representation of the feature: \"With one exception, the Nootka and Quileute songs show the smallest percentage beginning on the octave above \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Song** & **Group** & **Outlier Description** \\ \hline ID857 & Mandan and Hidats & [lastReCompass: containing\_lower] \\  & & \"The ascent of a semitone to the final tone is somewhat unusual.\" ([11], p. 136) \\ ID907 & Mandan and Hidats & [lastReCompass: containing\_lower] \\  & & \"In this song there is no ascending sequence between accented tones, though the final interval is an ascending interval.\" ([11], p. 152) \\ ID1027 & [PERSON] & \{structure: harmonic\} \\  & & \"The song is harmonic in structure, which is unusual in the present series.\" ([12], p. 112) \\ ID1241 & Yuman and Yaqui & [compass: nine\_to\_twelve\_tones] \\  & & \"This song has a compass of 10 tones, which is larger than any other song under present analysis.\" ([15], p. 196) \\ ID1303 & Nootka and Quileute & \{firstReKey: octavel, \{structure:melodic\_with\_harmonic\_framework\} \\ ID1337 & Nootka and Quileute & \{firstReKey: third\_or\_fifth\_above\_octave\} \\  & & \"It is a lively, interesting melody, with a compass of 10 tones, and begins on the highest tone of the compass, which is unusual.\" ([16], p. 93) \\ ID1345 & [PERSON] and Quileute & \{firstReKey: third\_or\_fifth\_above\_octave\} \\  & & \"This song has a compass of 10 tones, beginning on the highest tone of the compass and ending on the lowest.\" ([16], p. 326) \\ ID1474 & [PERSON] and Quileute & \{firstReKey: octavel, \{structure: melodic\_with\_harmonic\_framework\} \\ ID1907 & Pueblos & \{metreChange: no\} \\ ID2357 & Choctaw & \{compass: nine\_to\_twelve\_tones\} \\  & & \"This song has a compass of 11 tones, which is the largest in the Choctaw songs.\" ([17], p. 140) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Outliers in the [PERSON] collection, with related observations by [PERSON] where available. the keynote, only 6 percent having this beginning in contrast to 17 percent in the total number of songs previously analyzed\" ([16], p. 42). Please note that these two songs satisfy not only one but two infrequent patterns (a mixed structure as well as the beginning on the octave), which suggest them to be outliers in their group.
## 6 Analysis of Pressure Measurement Experiments
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Test**} & \(V_{t}\) & \(P_{t}\) & \(p_{omax}\) & \(p_{s1 max}\) & \(p_{s2 max}\) & \(p_{s3 max}\) & \(p_{s4 max}\) & \(p_{s5 max}\) & \(p_{s6 max}\) & \(d_{emax}\) \\  & **(cm\({}^{3}\))** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(kPa)** & **(cm)** \\ \hline
1 & 3000 & 400 & 824.3 & 226.4 & 165.2 & 65.8 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 25 \\ \hline
2 & 3000 & 600 & 865.8 & 273.6 & 182.4 & 92.5 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 25 \\ \hline
3 & 5000 & 400 & 1036.3 & 342.4 & 263.6 & 186.7 & 96.8 & 0 & 0 & 30 \\ \hline
4 & 5000 & 600 & 1161.4 & 369.9 & 317.7 & 204.9 & 124.9 & 0 & 0 & 30 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Maximum pressure measurement results of four shockwave impact experiments.
# Aerial Robotic Solution for Detailed Inspection of Viaducts
## 2 System Description
### Contact Inspection  
The aerial contact inspection robot is named AeroX [12] (see Figure 5). It is a specialized aircraft capable of contacting static surfaces. This UAV is composed of two different platforms: the aerial platform and the Robotic Mobile Contact Platform (RMCP), which will be in charge of the Ultrasonic Testing (UT) inspection for measuring the cracks' depth. The RMCP is attached at the end of the contact device of the aerial platform.  
Figure 4: AERO-CAM general software architecture.  
Figure 5: AeroX robot for contact inspection.  
AeroX is a novel aerial robotic manipulator that performs physical contact inspection with unprecedented capabilities. It is composed of a robotic vehicle, a six degree-of-freedom (DoF) robotic arm, and a robotic end-effector equipped with wheels and inspection sensors. AeroX has a semi-autonomous operation, which provides interesting advantages in contact inspection. In the free-flight mode, the pilot guides the robot until performing contact with its end-effector on the surface to be inspected. During contact, AeroX is in its fully-autonomous GNSS-free contact-flight mode, in which the robot keeps its relative position with respect to the surface contact point using only its internal sensors. During autonomous flight, the inspector--with uninterrupted contact--can move the end-effector on the surface to accurately select the points to be inspected with sensors that require to be in contact with or very close to the surface.  
The AeroX controller is able to efficiently compensate perturbations thanks to its design, which transmits the surface contact forces and perturbations to the robot center of mass and allows small movements of the aerial part of the robot in every DoF to absorb other perturbations such as wind. AeroX adopts a 4 coaxial rotor configuration and a simple and efficient design which provides high stability, maneuverability, and robustness to rotor failure. It can perform contact inspection on surfaces at any orientation, including vertical, inclined, horizontal top or horizontal bottom, and its operation can be easily integrated into current maintenance operations in many industries.  
Although AeroX is part of the proposed solution for viaduct inspection, the technical and experimental development of this article focuses on the AERO-CAM localization algorithms. For more information about AeroX, please refer to [12].
# Coded-GFDM for Reliable Communication in Underwater Acoustic Channels
## 4 Simulation Setup and Results
Figure 5c,d show the error performance of the proposed system as a function of transmitter-receiver distances when a convolutional code of rate \(1/4\) with constraint length \(5\) is employed. We varied this distance from 500 m to 2.5 km. Figure 4: RS encoded 4 QAM-GFDM schemes. (**a**) Comparison of selected RS schemes with MF equalizer. (**b**) Comparison of selected RS schemes with ZF equalizer. (**c**) Error performance as a function of Tx-Rx distance for RS (15,3) scheme with MF equalizer. (**d**) Error performance as a function of Tx-Rx distance for RS (15,3) scheme with ZF equalizer.
# Research on the Correlation Filter Tracking Model Based on the Deep-Prunned Feature Network
## 2 Related Works
### Online Updating of Feature Network
For the pre-pruned tracking feature network, the optimal determination of the global tracking pruning rate (\(GTPR\)) of the deep feature network of the tracking model is proposed to maximize the tracking speed (which should at least meet the minimum requirement of 25 FPS for practical applications) under the precondition of satisfying the tracking accuracy;
3. Based on the optimally-determined (\(GTPR\)), alternative convolutional kernels are defined, and each alternative convolutional kernel is used to integrate the joint action of multiple unimportant convolutional kernels. Based on alternative convolutional kernels, a specific method for the secondary pruning of feature networks is given for the pre-pruned feature extraction network;
4. This paper presents an online updating method for the feature network based on SSIM (structural similarity index measurement) for changes in the tracking environment and the target;
5. An integration of the above methods is used to form the \"correlation filter tracking model based on the deep-pruned feature network\";
6. Based on the OTB2013 dataset [29], the model proposed in this paper is verified.
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Zeta Potential  
The dispersibility of polycarboxylate superplasticizers is influenced by their structural parameters such as charge density, side-chain length, and functional group composition. PCE with shorter side chains and a lower side-chain density will exhibit a higher anionic charge density, resulting in a higher zeta potential [31]. According to the previous results of the flow tests after different retarders were added to the cement slurry in combination with PCE, the addition of retarders affected the dispersion of PCE in the cement slurry. Figure 16 shows the zeta potential at 30 min after different retarders are added to the cement slurry. It can be seen that the zeta potential (absolute value) of PCE alone is around 8 mv, which is due to the fact that after PCE is added, the main chain of the water-reducing agent containing negative electric groups will be adsorbed on the surface of the cement particles, making the surface of the cement particles negatively charged, while the cement particles themselves are also negatively charged and will repel each other, and gradually, the dispersion of the cement paste will be improved. However, the zeta potential (absolute value) decreases with time, indicating that the PCE alone does not improve the flow loss of the cement paste significantly. After incorporating the different retarders, the Zeta potential of the cement paste with 0.3% CA and 0.5% B decreases and remains unchanged for the cement paste with time, indicating that there is strong competitive adsorption of CA and B, which enables the dispersion of the cement paste to remain stable within 30 min due to the delayed hydration of the cement. After 0.3% of \(\beta\)-CD was incorporated, the absolute value of the zeta potential of cement slurry was about 11 mv, which increased the adsorption on the surface of cement particles and effectively improved the dispersibility of cement particles. After compounding its retarder, it is clear that after compounding \(\beta\)-CD and B, \(\beta\)-CD improves the competitive adsorption with PCE produced when B is mixed alone and provides a negative charge effect. In this way, its absolute potential is basically the same as that of the water-reducing agent alone, and the potential remains stable within 30 min. It may also be due to the reaction of B with Ca\({}^{2+}\) first to produce calcium borate [25], which makes the cement hydration process involved in free water increase and the fluidity of the cement paste is enhanced, then the zeta potential increases. After the compounding of \(\beta\)-CD and CA, the potential only increased by 1-2 mv within 12 min compared to that of CA alone, and the Zeta potential after 12 min was basically the same as that of CA alone. The results indicate that the more the retarder and polycarboxylate superplasticizer are adsorbed on the surface of the cement particles, the greater the inter-particle repulsion and the greater the fluidity of the cement paste [32], which is also in general agreement with the test results of fluidity.