# Effect of the Lubrication Parameters on the Ceramic Ball Bearing Vibration in Starved Conditions
## 1 Introduction  
Ceramic ball bearings have excellent performance and perform well in high temperature and high-speed environments, which can ensure the normal operation of high-speed devices [1; 2]. Bearings are important to support components for equipment. The vibration characteristics of ceramic ball bearings directly affect the accuracy and vibration characteristics of the equipment. The mechanism of bearing vibration is very complex, involving many factors, such as process errors, structural parameters, and operating parameters [3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9]. [PERSON] et al. [10] established a dynamic model to analyze the influence of structural parameters on bearing vibration. [PERSON] et al. [11] used the theory of rolling bearing dynamics to establish a dynamic analysis model of angular contact ball bearings. It is found that adjusting the structural parameters and the axial preload can reduce the vibration of the bearing. [PERSON] et al. [12] developed a nonlinear dynamic model of full ceramic bearings, considering different diameters of the ball, oil film forces, and load. The dynamic response of each element of the full ceramic bearing is obtained by solving the model. Bearing vibration is not just related to structural parameters, but is also affected by the working parameters, including lubrication [13; 14; 15]. The lubricating oil cannot enter the bearing smoothly under high-speed, heavy-duty conditions. The amount of oil inside the bearing gradually decreases and the starvation state occurs [16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22]. This phenomenon has attracted a lot of research interest in the field of starvation lubrication. [PERSON] [23] studied the hydrodynamic performance of journal bearings in theabsence of lubrication from theoretical and experimental conditions. The reduction in film thickness along the bearing circumference can affect the static and dynamic performance of journal bearings. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [24] studied the relationship between oil supply flow and oil film thickness under stable starvation lubrication conditions. The flow rate of the supplied oil was precisely controlled in the experiment and the oil film thickness was measured. The relationship between the oil supply flow rate and the oil film thickness is determined. [PERSON] et al. [25] studied the effects of insufficient lubrication on the working behavior of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) Contactors in gears. The results show that a small amount of initial oil can lubricate normally and have different operating performance on different surfaces. Results show that a very small amount of initial oil is sufficient for lubrication and different operating behaviors for different surfaces. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [26; 27] simulated the starvation phenomenon by moving the entrance to the contact center and calculated the actual distance of the entrance by the correction factor of the oil film thickness. [PERSON] et al. [28] studied the effect of lubricant distribution on oil film thickness in the inlet area of EHL. The minimum meniscus length of the EHL inlet area is theoretically determined to prevent insufficient lubrication. [PERSON] et al. [29] studied the sliding contact situation under various lubricant quantities. Theoretical results show that the starved film has a certain carrying capacity and the film thickness is a sensitive function of the amount of lubricant supplied. [PERSON] et al. [30] proposed a model for predicting the change in the grease layer in a rolling bearing because of the centrifugal force of the ball and the EHL contact pressure. This model estimates the longest local replenishment interval to ensure the normal bearing operation and helps to improve bearing life predictions related to lubricants. However, the currently developed models are based primarily on the theory of EHL to analyze the effect of the amount of lubricant on the operation of the mechanism. There are few studies on the impact of the amount of lubricant on the dynamic performance of bearings in dynamic models. Recently, [PERSON] et al.