# Tele-Assessment of Executive Functions in Young Adults with ADHD: A Pilot Study
## 10 Conclusions  
The aim of the present study was to investigate the EF profile of adults with ADHD to provide a global picture of their basic EF components.  
For this purpose, a multicomponent EF model [32; 33] and a tele-assessment battery, TeleFE (Anastasis Cooperativa, Bologna, Italy, 2023), were adopted, allowing the automatic scoring of the performance and an accurate comparison across the different measures of each EF component. Since the tasks in the TeleFE battery were chosen and developed to provide measures of the different EF components, with simple stimuli and little dependence on the information processing efficiency (verbal or visuospatial), it was hypothesized that TeleFE could be a useful tool for assessing the EF profile of adults with ADHD.  
This research is configured as a pilot study; however, the results highlight significant aspects. The tele-assessment proves to be a useful tool for collecting data, which is registered in real time and, therefore, ensures greater objectivity. This ecological tool (TeleFE)creates a real situation that is challenging for individuals with ADHD, helping subjects verbalize perceived obstacles and enabling the recognition of their experiences. TeleFE has proven to be effective in capturing the typical characteristics of the disorder, and it is valid and standardizable for both the clinical assessment and treatment of adults. In addition, combined with self-report questionnaires, it confirms the patient's experience and treatment needs. The returned results provide patients with a clear and detailed representation of their executive profile, vulnerabilities, and subjective resources, and clinicians can more precisely organize an intervention strategy suited to the individual characteristics of the subject. Moreover, the results indicate the possible utility of standardizing this tele-assessment method, which would make it a concrete and reliable support in daily clinical practice. Therefore, TeleFE is configured as a tool that can potentially be integrated into broader differential diagnosis and multimodal intervention pathways for monitoring symptoms pre- and post-treatment.  
For future research, it would be useful to expand the sample size and include adults over the age of 30, approaching the age range of the MOXO, to replicate this study for more detailed analyses. A larger sample would highlight the differences between subjects undergoing pharmacological therapy for ADHD symptoms or psychotherapeutic treatment and those who are not, while also allowing for the design of pre- and post-intervention studies using TeleFE to verify its effectiveness as an assessment and monitoring tool. A further objective would be to contribute to the creation of guidelines for the assessment and treatment of ADHD, thus making the evaluation process homogeneous using a single protocol based on its effectiveness in improving executive functioning. Finally, future research may explore the possibility of integrating this tool with the assessment of sustained attention using the MOXO, also a computerized tool, which allows for the assessment of the timeliness as well as the accuracy of the participants' responses.