which use radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic waves (EMWs) in the 100 kHz-300 GHz frequency range [5]. These technological advances caused an increase in artificial sources of EMF and resulted in the chronic exposure of people and the environment, creating electromagnetic pollution. Electromagnetic pollution is the continuous and uncontrolled exposure to electromagnetic fields from any emitting source of the EMF spectrum [5]. From 1950 to 2010, the levels of exposure to RF-EMF have increased from extremely low natural levels by about 1018 times [6]. Many studies have shown the harmful effects of EMF on human health [7; 8; 9; 10; 11] and the environment [12; 13; 14; 15]. In addition to the potential health risks, the interference of EMW worsens heat accumulation, significantly shortening equipment lifespan [16]. Thus, new electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are urgently needed. The conventional EMI shielding materials are metals, carbons, ceramics, cement, conductive polymers, and associated composites. Metals and carbons are the most functional materials due to their high conductivity, while ceramics, cement, and (non-conductive) polymers are less efficient unless combined with functional components/materials [17; 18]. Shielding barriers should meet the required dimensions and shapes at the lowest possible cost for various applications. Among the various new materials, organic materials such as graphene, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes are highly conducting, lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient EMI shielding materials. Still, their high price and the complexity of production and purification lead to high cost and limit their use. Inorganic materials, such as metal powders and metal oxides, are highly efficient EMI shielding materials due to their high electrical conductivity accompanied by magnetic permeability. Challenges in their application are associated with their high prices, chemical instability, corrosion, and heavy weight. Thus, in this review paper, we are focusing on new, suitable, low-cost organic materials--biochars and scaffolds. These organic EMI shielding materials are compared to novel inorganic shielding materials--rare earth and ferrite-based composites. By reviewing their production methods, yields, physico-chemical properties, and EMI shielding effectiveness, the future direction in the development of EMI shielding materials is estimated. According to the reviewed literature, biochars are promising, eco-friendly, sustainable, and renewable materials that can potentially be used as filters in polymer composites for EMI shielding applications in electronic devices and construction materials. Previous research showed that scaffolds are new-generation, easy-to-manufacture materials with excellent EMI shielding performance. Recently, great attention has been paid to traditional magnetic materials/alloys with excellent absorption of EMWs, but they are often limited by thickness and range of use. However, according to Snoek's limit, where the direct current (DC) susceptibility and the cut-off frequency are constant, the permeability value decreases in the high-frequency range, which leads to an apparent decrease in magnetic loss capability [19; 20; 21]. Improving the permeability and magnetic loss of magnetic materials/alloys at high frequencies is crucial for obtaining good electromagnetic/microwave absorption properties [22]. It was shown that the electronic structure and well-chosen methods for designing magnetic materials/alloys can improve magnetism at high frequencies [23]. Therefore, magnetic metal oxide composites or perovskite oxides doped with rare earth element ions have been in development for the last few years due to their specific structures, interfacial polarization, multiple reflections, and excellent conducting and EMI shielding properties [24]. Rare earth materials are often characterized by various names, such as rare earth elements (REEs), rare earth metals (REMs), rare earth oxides, or yttrium-based rare earth material.