A list of Commercial bioreactors used for cell therapy-related studies can be found in Table 2.  
One of the critical challenges in manufacturing personalised drugs, especially autologous cell therapies and other gene therapies, is related to logistics, including transport and storage [20; 34]. Transport, in particular, relates to the following activities: (1) Timely transport of harvested cells to the cryopreservation centres in the manufacturing facility, (2) Transport of the cells within the manufacturing facility or from a stem cell facility for manufacturing, (3) Transportation of the final product to the health care facility. Transportation of the cells is challenging due to the requirement to control cell density, buffer composition, temperature, etc. [35]. Studies have shown that the viability declines as time goes by [36]. Hence, the timely delivery of the cells and the products in the correct transport media is of utmost importance for the success of a personalised drug. Although researchers have pointed out the importance of transportation and storage conditions for the viability of autologous cell-based drugs, there is no definitive guideline or standards for the transportation and storage [37; 38]. Current methods of preserving cells are labour intensive and need to be replaced with more efficient and cost-effective methods. As the personalised medical sector grows, it is expected that the manufacturer needs to produce a wider variety of drugs in small batches [29] and move towards truly personalised medicines where the medicine itself will be unique for each patient [17]. Improving commercial viability requires reducing production costs while maintaining the flexibility to produce a wide range of personalised batches, and mobile robots may contribute to this. Bioprocessing environments are highly regulated to ensure that the manufacturing of drugs happens in an aseptic condition [49; 50]. Cleanrooms are specially built areas where the environment is controlled to carry out aseptic production [23; 24]. Hence, cleanrooms are a fundamental part of any biomanufacturing facility. Environmental monitoring is carried out to assess the cleanliness of biomanufacturing and medical device manufacturing environments [51]. Active air samplers, contact plates, settle plates, and particle counters are some of the methods used to monitor the cleanrooms. Air samplers, contact plates, and settling plates are used to capture, colonise, and count viable particles. Meanwhile, particle counters count the non viable airborne particles. Environmental monitoring samples in cleanrooms are currently collected manually by microbiologists. The overall process is labour intensive, requires a lot of time, is prone to human errors, and expensive. The total number of samples collected annually in a biomanufacturing facility can exceed several thousand [52]. In multiple studies focusing on contamination sources, humans are repeatedly identified as one of the leading causes of contamination [2; 3; 4]. Thus, biomanufacturing in general, and autologous manufacturing particularly, requires manual transportation and manipulation of many pieces of equipment and containers within the manufacturing facility, as well as completion of different environmental monitoring tasks and documentation of the tasks. These jobs, which are mundane in nature, add a lot to the manufacturing cost and are also a cause of contamination. Hence, there is a need to automate these tasks to improve production standards and reduce manufacturing costs. As a consequence, mobile robots could offer significant potential advantages in biomanufacturing processes. Table 3 shows the number of Web of Science/Scopus indexed research articles related to biomanufacturing and personalised medicine. Numerous research works are carried out in the domain of personalised medicine. However, there is very little to no research work carried out in this area of application of mobile robots in personalised medicine and biomanufacturing.