## 1 Introduction
Through comparative analysis, the authors obtained the result that the long-term variations in DE3 in temperature and zonal wind are consistent with each other; this indicates that the long-term dominant dynamic processes of DE3 in the temperature and zonal wind components are similar. The advent of new satellite missions over the past decade resulted in more deeply understanding the coupling between the terrestrial atmosphere and ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) system. The conventional sources of ionospheric structure and variability are related to changes in solar radiative output and geomagnetic activity, together with the subsequent response of the IT system and interaction between the components. The high sensitivity of the ionosphere to the external solar forcing causes its rapid and significant variability on time scales ranging from minutes to a solar cycle. To understand and forecast such large ionospheric variability is one of the main tasks of space weather research due to the increasing importance of satellite-based communications and positioning, as well as because of the potential to affect the reliable performance of some technological systems operating in space and on the Earth. A variety of new evidence obtained recently demonstrated unambiguously that a substantial amount of the IT variability also owes to waves forced in the lower parts of the atmosphere [34; 35; 36; 37]. The latter contradicts to previous textbook knowledge that the IT system variability can be driven only by solar and geomagnetic activity. The primary mechanism through which energy and momentum are transferred from the lower atmosphere is through the propagation and dissipation of atmospheric waves, including electrodynamic coupling through dynamo processes. Therefore, attention is now being directed not only to forcing from above, but also towards the impact of the processes from below to the IT system. The solar thermal tides usually dominate the large-scale atmospheric fields in the lower thermosphere. However, due to increasing eddy and molecular dissipation, this is a region where the atmospheric tides propagating from below usually dampen. By depositing their net momentum and energy into the mean flow, the mean circulation can be modified. By mixing the atmospheric species there or in nonlinear interactions with other waves, the tides can affect the wind fields, the density of different neutral species, or the energy budget. The tides penetrating into the ionospheric E region can affect the overlying ionosphere F-region by the \"E-region wind dynamo\". In this way, the neutral dynamics converts the lower thermosphere into the strongest driver from below of the ionosphere F-region. The \"E-region wind dynamo\", by sequence of processes described in detail in [23; 38; 39], produce the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) near \(\pm\)15-20\({}^{\circ}\) dip latitude. Additionally, the atmospheric tides can also propagate directly up to thermospheric heights [40; 41]. Therefore, either through complex coupling mechanisms or through direct propagation, the MLT tides can affect the whole ionosphere-thermosphere system. As mentioned above, the nonmigrating tides give rise to longitudinal structures in local time in both the MLT region and the ionosphere. Therefore, the role of the nonmigrating tides as a possible link between the troposphere and ionosphere has attracted many scientists recently. Over the last decade, new observational evidence demonstrated the terrestrial weather impacts on the ionosphere. Such evidence is the longitudinal WN3 or WN4 structures, which are suggested to be caused by different atmospheric nonmigrating tides and zonally planetary waves. [PERSON] et al., 2005 [34], observed four enhanced longitudinal regions of the nighttime airglow intensity in the EIA, and pointed out that this plasma density WN4 structure is most probably forced by the nonmigrating tides from below, which modulate the E-region dynamo electric field.