## 4 Proposed Methodologies
### New NAR Generation  
A new NAR initiation strictly depends on the patient's condition. Remotely monitoring a patient is energy inefficient, even when the patient's health condition is completely normal and has almost no retrogradation possibility. The normal heart rate of individuals in different ages has different ranges [63; 64]. Based on the heart rate variability, an instantaneous condition factor is introduced, which will be utilized to initiate a new NAR. Algorithm 1 describes the process of initiating a new NAR. This condition factor is a variable denoted by \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) ranging from 0 to 1. It will determine the scheduling process of the new NAR. The normal heart condition will be given a value of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) equal to 1. Two threshold values of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\), namely \(\zeta_{\text{c}_{-1}}\) and \(\zeta_{\text{c}_{-min}}\), which denote the first and second thresholds, respectively, are evaluated. Particularly, these values are naturally variable and strictly depend on the patient's heart condition. In most remote monitoring cases, a patient is specified with an expected heart rate by the monitoring person. A heart rate close to the optimal extent represents the value of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) close to unity. When the rate decreases or increases from the optimal value, the value of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) decreases.  
```
1. NARGeneration ()
2. Begin
3. set time = 0;
4. if\(\zeta_{\text{c}}>\zeta_{\text{c}_{-1}}\)then
5. put the system in idle mode;
6. elseif\(\zeta_{\text{c}_{-min}}<\zeta_{\text{c}_{-}}>\zeta_{\text{c}_{-}}\)then
7. Initiate new NAR;
8. Activate patch;
9. Set interval = \(\tau\) seconds
10. else
11. Initiate new NAR;
12. Activate patch;
13. Set \(\tau=0\);
14.endif
15. End
```  
**Algorithm 1**Initialization of the new network access request (NAR).  
As \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) decreases, it eventually reaches its first threshold. As long as it does not reach \(\zeta_{\text{c}_{-1}}\), the system will be retained in idle mode, in which the patch is always deactivated. Consequently, the  
Figure 4: Fuzzification process of SINR with 4 membership grades.  
overall power consumption will be reduced. Note that the heart condition of the patient remains completely under control below \(\zeta_{\text{c}\_1}\). If the value of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) is lower than \(\zeta_{\text{c}\_1}\), then the patient will be continuously monitored with a regular interval, \(\tau\). The interval depends on the closeness of \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) to the second threshold. This interval will be reduced if the closeness is high.  
If \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) falls behind the second threshold \(\zeta_{\text{c}\_min}\), then the patient will be monitored with no interval. The data will be continuously transmitted as long as \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) is higher than \(\zeta_{\text{c}\_min}\). The patient is less likely to move when the instantaneous condition factor is very low, so continuous monitoring of the patient is convenient. If the instantaneous and target heart rates are respectively \(\sigma_{\text{ins}}\) and \(\sigma_{\text{tar}}\), then \(\zeta_{\text{c}}\) is calculated as follows:  
\[\zeta_{\text{c}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\sigma_{\text{ins}}}{\sigma_{ \text{tar}}},\sigma_{\text{ins}}<\sigma_{\text{tar}}\\ \left(2-\frac{\sigma_{\text{ins}}}{\sigma_{\text{tar}}}\right),\sigma_{\text{ ins}}>\sigma_{\text{tar}}\\ 0,\left[\left(\sigma_{\text{ins}}>2\sigma_{\text{tar}}\right)\parallel\left( \sigma_{\text{avg}}>2\sigma_{\text{tar}}\right)\right]\end{array}\right.. \tag{9}\]