## 1 Introduction  
The optimal use of diverse renewable energy sources is one of the main challenges in terms of power and energy. In order to connect renewable energy sources (RESs) to the network, the use of electronic power interfaces is essential. Solar cell systems are one of the most desirable renewable energy sources due to the availability of solar radiation and flexibility in installing panels. It is preferable to use modular photovoltaic systems to increase the efficiency of these panels and to overcome problems such as shadowing on panels and mismatches between them [1; 2]. In these systems, a high-efficiency DC-DC converter is used to increase the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells and connect them into the high-voltage bus [3; 4; 5; 6]. Additionally, these batches are used in many applications including emergency electrical systems, fuel cells, server power supplies, and high-intensity discharge lamps [7]. Boost converters can be divided into isolated and non-isolated categories. Isolated converters can usually present low amounts of efficiency. In these types of choppers, the high voltage gain is obtained through adjustment of the correct transformer ratio. Non-isolated converters are highly applicable structures due to their high efficiency, high power density, and low cost in medium and low power systems [8]. In [9], a three-level boost converter was introduced. This converter can reduce the voltage stress of semiconductor components when compared to a conventional boost converter, which is suitable for high voltage applications. As a result, switching losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI) are improved due to low voltage stress in this configuration. Nevertheless, semiconductor parts act under hard switching conditions and the problem of recovering the output diode is one of the most serious problems in this type of converter. In [10; 11], a highly addictive coupled-inductor single-switch converter was introduced. In [10], the leakage energy of the coupled-inductors was reclaimed by the clamp circuit, which reduces the voltage stress on the switch and diodes. As a result, the switch can be used with a low light-up time resistance, which results in improved efficiency. However, it should be noted that this converter has a complex structure. In [12], an interleaved based configuration by coupled-inductors was introduced. Due to the use of a voltage multiplier and coupled-inductors, a high voltage gain was achieved for the proposed structure. In this converter, due to the use of cross-linked inductors, the input current ripple decreased. Additionally, by using active clamping circuits, the leakage energy of the inductor's spools and soft-switching conditions were created for the main switches. One of the disadvantages of topologies by coupled-inductor is the high voltage stresses on output diodes that make use of high voltage diode applications and clamper structures. In [13], a high-gain nonsymmetrical interleaved converter was presented. In this structure, two ferrite cores were used for two inductors. Due to the use of two switches, in addition to reducing the current stress of the switches, the ripple of the input current will be limited. One of the disadvantages of this converter is the creation of hard switching conditions, which increases the number of magnetic elements and the total volume of the circuit. In [14], a boost converter integrated with a fly-back topology was introduced to obtain the high voltage gain. In this structure, the boost converter acts like a passive clamp circuit and recycles the leakage energy. In [15], a similar boost converter was introduced. In this converter, the clamper capacitor is located in the direction of charging the output capacitor, and in addition to absorbing the self-leakage energy, it also increases the voltage gain of the converter. To reduce the number of components, single switch fly-back boost converters are commonly integrated. Different designs of this converter are presented in [16].