### Study Area  
The study area of this research is Nature Park Golija established in 2001, which is situated in the south-western part of Serbia. The core area and largest part of this nature park is Mt. Golija, with its highest peak Jankov kamen at 1833 m above sea level. It is characterized by dynamic relief dissection with various geomorphological objects and phenomena, which are spreading through a 32 km-long mountain region into altitude zones from 416 m to 1833 m. The major mountain ridge is spreading in the north-south direction from the highest mountain peak to the Valley of the Golijska Moravica river at 620 m. As a result of the complex composition of geological structures, various geosites are placed into the research area, and some of them are of great scientific and educational importance as objects of geoheritage (e.g., Upper Cretaceous rudist limestones geosites) [21]. According to the geographical position of the Nature Park Golija territory (43.233445\({}^{\circ}\)-43.55110\({}^{\circ}\) N; 20.15034\({}^{\circ}\)-20.57040\({}^{\circ}\) E) and complex climate zonation in relation with altitude, three climate regions can be differentiated: climate zone up to 700 m with the characteristics of moderate continental climate influenced by the surrounding mountains, modified region (700-1.300 m) with long and severe winters and short and fresh summers, and mountain region (over 1.300 m altitude) with subalpine climate. The average annual air temperature is about 9.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C in the region up to 500 m altitude (the real value is slightly lower due to the geographical position of the meteorological stations). Considering the large difference between these altitude belts, the area of about 1000 m altitude has an average annual temperature of about 6.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C (Sjenica) and 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C (Bele Vode, Golija). The average annual precipitation in the region ranges from 572 to 1.077 mm, and the advantage is that about 55-65% of precipitation is excreted in the vegetation period from April to October. Compared with the average value, the largest fluctuations in precipitation are recorded in October, November, and May [22]. The diversity and specificity of the Nature Park Golija area biotope determines the high diversity of flora, vegetation, fauna, and ecosystems that are characterized by a marked degree of representativeness, autochthonous features, and authenticity of nature. Of the special scientific and ecological importance is vegetation associated with tertiary relict species Greek map (_Acer heldreichii Orph ex. Boiss._), which is also endemic for some mountains of the Balkan Peninsula. Forests with Greek maple on Mt. Golija are best developed predominantly on slopes (15-20\({}^{\circ}\)) exposed to the north, northeast, and northwest from altitudes between 1400 and 1750 m. Greek maple can be found in all floristic combinations of mixed deciduous-configerous forests in the study area, although its ecological optimum is mixed deciduous-configerous forests, and as a species, its optimum is in subalpine beech forests. This fact emphasizes the importance of Golija as refugial habitat, as one of the centers of distribution of Greek maples in the Balkan Peninsula [23]. The vegetation is characterized by zonal distribution caused by changes in abiotic factors (e.g., climate, characteristics of soil, etc.) with increase in altitude. In relation to changes with altitude, there are generally two zones of vegetation: (1) mesophylous beech, mixed beech, and coniferous forests; (2) mountain coniferous forests. At the lowest altitudes of the beech forest belt, prevalence has montane beech forests (_Fagention moesiace montanum_) on the various types of acid soils and suballiance of beech fir forests _Abieti-Fagention moesiace_ on the deep, brown, and moderately acid soils, which cover the mid-montane belt. A particular forest type of European spruce, European fir, and beech (_Piceo, Abieti, Fagetun_) is the most productive forest type and the most complex type with the richest floristic composition on the Mt.