# Combination of LiCs and EDLCs with Batteries:
## 3 Results
This can potentially transcend directly into reduced costs and weights, which are very huge factors that must be considered when looking into the adoption of the technology in the EV industry. Figure 6:4 Experimental result of the hybridisation topology with SC and HC connected directly in parallel and hybridised through one port; a test using a realistic EV profile. To verify and validate the experimental implementation of the converter, the experimental results were compared to the simulation results and also the mathematical analysis. The results of this verification and validation are presented in Figure 15 for Modes A and B. Furthermore, in Table 5, the percentage error of the experimental results when compared to the simulation and analytical calculations is presented. From these results, it is observed that the experimental results obtained very closely matched what was obtained in simulation, thus validating the design and implementation of the multiple input converter. Furthermore, it is observed that as the input voltage increased from 5 V to 10 V, the difference between the experimental, simulation results and the analytical calculations also reduced. During the boost mode, which was at duty cycles above 50%, a higher difference between the analytical calculations, simulation results, and the experimental measurement was observed as the duty ratios increased. In all the modes of operation and throughout all the duty cycles, the difference between the experimentally-measured voltage and the analytically-calculated voltage was less than 17%. In all the cases, the experimentally-measured voltage was less than the values obtained from simulation and the analytical calculations. In the buck mode of operation, as the duty ratios increased, the percentage \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Parameter**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Quantity**} \\ \cline{2-3}  & **Conventional Topology** & **Proposed Topology** \\ \hline MOSFET switches & 8 & 6 \\ Snubber circuits & 8 & 6 \\ MOSFET drivers (Half bridge) & 4 & 3 \\ Switching circuits & 8 & 6 \\ Inductors & 3 & 2 \\ Output capacitor & 1 & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Comparison of resource use for the conventional and the proposed hybridisation topology. Figure 15: Validation of the converter output voltage for its operation in Mode A (having an input voltage of 5 V) and Mode B (having an input voltage of 10 V) against the simulation results and analytical calculations. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Duty Ratio (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Mode A (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Mode B (\%)**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **Analytical** & **Simulation** & **Analytical** & **Simulation** \\ \hline
15.00 & 11.02 & 4.28 & 6.16 & 2.76 \\
30.00 & 10.12 & 3.51 & 3.61 & 1.62 \\
45.00 & 8.09 & 3.09 & 4.06 & 1.38 \\
60.00 & 10.53 & 6.68 & 5.27 & 3.49 \\
75.00 & 14.47 & 8.96 & 9.57 & 5.38 \\
90.00 & 16.60 & 13.94 & 11.50 & 7.01 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Percentage deviation of the output voltage of the converter measured experimentally from the results obtained in the simulation and analytical calculations. deviation of the experimental results from the simulation and analytical calculations reduced; however, this condition is opposite for the boost mode of operation. These results are within acceptable limits and were also observed in previous research by [46] in their research. Furthermore, comparing the efficiency results presented in Figure 13, it is seen to be congruent with the results reported by [41, 46] in the literature, thus validating the experimental system implemented.