## 3 Results and Discussion
### Varnish and Upper Pigment Layers  
Although the varnish composition was not investigated, UV radiation (365 nm) was used to help the visualization of the state of the preservation of the present varnish and in the confirmation of some pigments identified through XRF and FORS. UV was used to acquire both visible fluorescence (UVIF) and reflected UV (UVR) images. For both, the two considered paintings in UVIF highlighted an excellent state of preservation, with limited retouching interventions (Figure 9). These results cannot be taken for granted, since parchment, among the most fragile and perishable materials, is often particularly subject to thermo-hygrometric, radiative, and mechanical stress. Figure 9 shows the results of UVIF and UVIF for the detail in correspondence of the eye of [PERSON] The additional use of the reflected UV allows us to extend the visualization of retouching in areas with low fluorescence.  
Figure 8: Pendant of the Santissima Annumziata for the Portrait of [PERSON]: (**a**) map of analyzed points using FORS and XRF spectroscopy, (**b**) result of the SAM algorithm to map similar pigments and pigments mixtures represented in pseudo-colors; (**c**) comparison of pigments distribution with the pendant in the portrait of [PERSON].  
UVR is also able to show the presence of pigments containing hematite, due to the typical absorbance in the UV region that, at the same time, exhibits an enhanced transparency in the NIR-SWIR region. Other details are shown in Figure 10, at the top in the visible, and it is possible to see similar decorative lines, indicated with the green and red arrows. These lines are also similar in UVR, but in the NIR, it is possible to distinguish two different pigments: in correspondence of the green arrow, there is an ochre-based pigment that is dark in visible, but lighter in the NIR, while in correspondence of the red arrow, there is a carbon-based material that is dark in all the three bands. The same analysis applies for the letters on the collar: letters and shadows invert their response passing from Vis/IR to UVR (Figure 10 bottom).  
The multiband high-resolution images of the pendant with the Santisima Annunziata (Figure 11), are able to preliminary map previous restorations and pigment materials by using UV and IR wavelengths combined to the visible band, as described in Section 2.2.1 and resulting in the UVFC and IRFC images. After verifying the limited presence of restoration interventions, we can differentiate pigments, such as the lapis lazuli in the Virgin's mantle, which is red in IRFC and become greenish in UVFC. The red of the west of the Virgin showed an orange-colored fluorescence in UVIF typical of the red lake, while the red architecture in the background appeared in IRFC, with a yellowish coloration for the vermilion. Green earth conserves a green coloration in the IRFC, while red ochre in the golden decorated contour of the medal is violet in UVFC.  
Figure 10: Comparison of pigments by means of UV-reflected and NIR-reflected. Hematite highlighted with red arrow and carbon-based pigments highlighted with green arrow were used for the decorations, letters, and the shadows on the collar: both absorb UV radiation while hematite is transparent in the NIR band.  
Figure 9: Comparison of images acquired using UV radiation. Induced fluorescence information, mainly retouching areas, are completed by those emerging by using reflected UV.