## 1 Introduction  
Wind power generation is a research hotspot in the field of renewable energy currently. As the installed capacity of wind turbines increases year by year, wind farms are gradually located closer to residential area, the noise generated by wind turbines during operation is an important issue to consider in design. The noise produced by wind turbines includes mechanical noise generated by the units and aerodynamic noise resulting from the interaction between the blades and the air. In the noise generated by megawatt-class large-scale wind turbines, the aerodynamic noise from the blades can exceed 90 dB, typically surpassing the mechanical noise [1]. The airfoil noise is the root cause of wind turbine blade noise. Therefore, it's necessary to study the noise predicted method of wind turbine airfoil. Common methods for calculating the aerodynamic self-noise of wind turbine airfoils include wind tunnel tests, BPM semi-empirical theory, and CFD. Many researchers both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive studies on the noise generated by wind turbine airfoils. [PERSON] et al. [2] investigated how changing the leading-edge shape of airfoils can reduce turbulent impact noise, proposing a solution that combines serrated edges with porous materials, which maintains good noise reduction effects while minimizing the impact on aerodynamic performance. [PERSON] et al. [3] studied the influence of airfoil geometric shapes on airfoil noise, using a phased microphone array to measure leading-edge and trailing-edge noise of different airfoil shapes at various chord lengths. Their paper established a noise prediction model based on airfoil geometry that accurately predicts airfoil noise and guides the noise reduction design of wind turbines. [PERSON] et al. [4] explored how to utilize distributed surface compliance to reduce airfoil noise, proposing a wing configuration based on distributed surface compliance that effectively reduces tonal noise across a wide range of angles of attack without negatively impacting aerodynamic performance. [PERSON] et al. [5] employed Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and the FW-H analogy method to study the impact of ridge structures on the aerodynamic noise of the NACA0018 airfoil at a 6\({}^{\circ}\) angle of attack and different inflow velocities. The study indicated that arranging ridge structures in the adverse pressure gradient region can effectively reduce aerodynamic noise, particularly in suppressing low-frequency noise, thereby lowering pressure fluctuations and vortex intensity. [PERSON] et al. [6] utilized numerical simulation methods to compare and analyze the aerodynamic performance and noise characteristics of the NACA0018 airfoil equipped with Gurney flaps (GF) and serrated flaps (SGF), exploring the effects of tooth height and width on airfoil performance. They found that serrated flaps can significantly enhance the aerodynamic performance and noise reduction effects of wind turbine airfoils. [PERSON] [7] conducted numerical simulations using the ANSYS (2025 R1) Fluent platform, applying the LES turbulence model to calculate the flow field of the airfoil and the FW-H noise prediction model to determine the far-field noise characteristics of the airfoil, revealing the influence of geometric parameters on noise, providing important theoretical guidance for the design of VAWT airfoils and noise reduction technologies. The current research on airfoil noise remains predominantly reliant on conventional approaches, including geometric optimization, CFD simulations (e.g., LES) combined with acoustic analogy methods (e.g., FW-H). While these methods demonstrate their maturity, they have long computation times and require significant computational resources. In light of the challenges posed by the increasing scale of wind turbines and associated nonlinear noise amplification, there is an urgent need to integrate interdisciplinary technologies such as AI-driven design to develop innovative noise prediction.