# A Survey of Blockchain Applications for Management in Agriculture and Livestock Internet of Things
## 4 Applications of Blockchain in Agricultural and Animal Husbandry IoT
### Supply Chain Management
#### 4.2.2 Traceability and Quality Assurance of Supply Chains
Although traditional cold chain distribution effectively keeps products fresh, its problem of information asymmetry leads to an inability to effectively regulate preservation activities, increasing the possibility of supply chain members abandoning preservation efforts. Furthermore, the increased risk of cold chain disruptions poses challenges to e-commerce platforms. Due to the inconsistency in the completion of all processes in traditional cold chain supply chains, suppliers often lack the motivation to continue preservation efforts after receiving wholesale funds, thus failing to ensure product freshness and directly affecting consumer demand for fresh agricultural products. The paper proposes an innovative blockchain-based solution to these challenges. Blockchain, as a secure and transparent distributed database, eradicates the information asymmetry inherent in cold chain preservation. It enables supply chain stakeholders to obtain real-time data on product freshness and delivery, thereby enhancing control over product preservation. Blockchain's traceability and tamper-proof features effectively monitor preservation history and temperature fluctuations within the cold chain in real time, enhancing preservation outcomes. The blockchain's traceable and immutable features efficiently monitor the history of preservation and real-time temperature changes in the cold chain, enhancing preservation results. However, the paper also acknowledges the limitations of blockchain application in specific contexts, highlighting the necessity for future investigations into the nuanced effectiveness of blockchain technology across various scenarios. Additionally, paper [99] concentrates on the challenge of determining the origin of farm products within agricultural supply chain systems, especially in agriculturally prominent nations such as Bangladesh. Existing agricultural supply chain systems, reliant on manual paper records, struggle to track detailed information about agricultural products, such as their origin, location, and quality. Additionally, due to the centralized architecture of supply chains, reliable traceability services for agricultural products are unattainable. The present system faces major challenges, such as insufficient transparency, ineffective tracking capabilities, and the absence of certification for those within the supply chain. These problems result in consumer skepticism about the authenticity of the products and pose potential health hazards to the public. The study introduces a revolutionary approach, merging self-sovereign identity (SSI) and blockchain technology to create a reliable traceability system for agricultural products. Integrating a Decentralized Key Management System (DKMS) with SSI significantly improves authentication, direct transactions, privacy, data integrity, and traceability across the supply chain. Furthermore, the research presents an innovative packaging and labeling method using the Fantom blockchain network, optimizing origin verification processes and enhancing efficiency, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and security. This method greatly increases supply chain transparency and accountability. Table 2 provides a summary of different research areas and their applications as explored in the literature pertaining to supply chain management. The table above compiles research on blockchain implementations aimed at enhancing transparency and information sharing in the supply chain (references [7; 94; 95]) and traceability and quality assurance in the supply chain (references [96; 97; 98; 99]). These studies collectively highlight how blockchain can help address issues of trust, data management, and operational efficiency in various agricultural and supply chain contexts. Below is an overview of the key advantages, disadvantages, and best results drawn from these papers.