# Research and Development of Inland Green and Smart Ship Technologies in China
## 4 Inland Green Smart Test Ship
### Overall Design of Test Ship  
The test ship plan was implemented in three phases. The first phase was to achieve onboard intelligence, the second phase was to achieve ship-shore interconnection and formation of a group smart collaboration framework, and the third phase was to achieve unmanned autonomy. 5G technology, industrial internet, artificial intelligence, and other information technologies were combined with traditional ship technology. Based on traditional ships with steel frames, a smart ship was built with a thinking ability and characteristics of a living organism, using distributed optical fiber sensing as the nerves, a digital twin as the muscles, and information integration as the brain. Smart tests were conducted along specific routes in closed waterways, on the Han River, the Yangtze River, and other waterways, to form a series of guides for Yangtze River smart ships, and to demonstrate applications to form a new framework for Yangtze River shipping with comprehensive information perception, super energy-saving and environmental-protection abilities, intrinsic safety and reliability, and group smart collaboration. This work promotes the development of large-scale, green, smart, and standardized ships on the Yangtze River, and it promotes the construction of China's smart shipping regulation system.  
While the overall design of the test ship needs to solve the basic problems of traditional ship design (e.g., displacement, principal dimensions, and ship form factors), the preliminary design of various smart system modules also needs to be considered. Based on the functional division, we plan to develop the following seven modular designs: a smart perception module, smart control module, smart engine module, smart deck machinery module, new energy-saving module, smart hull module, and smart information integration module. All of the smart system modules will be arranged reasonably to ensure the smooth installation and test verification of each module. At the same time, the installation and replacement of major smart systems on new and old ships must be considered.  
The smart perception module will use distributed optical fiber sensing technology for real-time data collection and analysis to monitor the health of various smart systemmodules. The smart control module will apply smart control technology to achieve assisted driving, speed planning, and collision avoidance. The smart engine module will use smart robot technology to inspect the engine room to realize the condition-based maintenance of the engine room equipment. The smart deck machinery module will adopt smart hoisting equipment for the rapid and safe lifting of goods. The new energy-saving module will adopt new energy-saving devices to achieve the best trim, equipment energy efficiency management, and integrated drag reduction. The smart hull module will use perception and hull technology to achieve structural health monitoring and reliability assessment, to synchronously perceive the external environment and the hull structural response, and to collect real-time analysis of data to provide a basis for the captain to make decisions. The smart information integration module will use information management and processing technology to aggregate, analyze, display, store, and transmit multi-source information of the ship's equipment and systems.