## 7 Discussion
### Adaptive Load Vectors  
* Adaptive pushover analysis allows for the application of exact force profiles calculated by modal analysis at every step, resulting in a more realistic response that is consistent with the expected system behavior under seismic loading. Adaptive pushover analysis is often more accurate than conventional methods in determining the drift profiles and capacity of irregular structures. However, it may require greater computational efforts for calculating the response at discrete times.
* Adaptive modal pushover analysis (AMPA) is an advanced pushover analysis method that enhances seismic demand estimation through iterative modal load pattern updates based on the structure's deformed shape. This approach improves accuracy, particularly for taller buildings with complex geometries, but requires higher computational efforts and detailed structural information.
* The adaptive modal combination method (AMC) enhances the precision of seismic demand estimation by dynamically updating the target displacements using energy-based modal capacity curves and constant-ductility capacity spectra. AMC eliminates the need for pre-estimating the target displacement, a limitation of conventional pushover analysis. It accounts for instantaneous inertia force distributions during seismic events, making it more accurate for tall buildings with complex geometries and irregularities. However, its complexity and data requirements make it more suitable for advanced engineering analyses compared to conventional pushover analysis.
* Adaptive upper-bound (AUB) pushover analysis refines the accuracy of seismic demand estimation for tall buildings by considering higher-mode effects and dynamically updating the load pattern based on the structure's deformed shape. This approach improves the accuracy of predictions, particularly for taller buildings with complex geometries, but requires more detailed structural information and computational resources compared to conventional pushover analysis.
* Multi-mode adaptive displacement-based pushover (MADP) combines the strengths of both multi-modal and adaptive pushover approaches. It considers higher-mode effects and structural changes to provide a more comprehensive and realistic assessment of seismic demand. MADP utilizes the structure's first-mode inelastic mode shape to accurately estimate the target displacement, making it particularly useful for assessing the seismic performance of RC moment-resisting frames. However, its complexity and data requirements make it more suitable for advanced engineering analyses.
* Optimal mode pushover analysis (OMPA) is a dynamic seismic analysis method that continuously adjusts based on the building's evolving vibration properties during a simulation. It utilizes an \"optimal\" vibration shape for the building in each step, forming the basis for a simplified vibration model. Lateral forces are applied until yielding events occur, and the building's stiffness and vibration properties are recalculated after each yielding event. This iterative method provides more comprehensive and accurate seismic demand estimates, particularly for structures with complex geometries. However, OMPC's complexity and data requirements make it more suitable for advanced engineering analyses.