# Systematic Analysis of Risks in Industry 5.0 Architecture
## 1 Introduction
### Industry 5.0 Overview  
The issue for manufacturers throughout the world is to boost productivity while keeping people informed in the manufacturing process. This endeavor becomes increasingly challenging when emerging technologies like brain-machine interfaces and advancements in AI make robots more essential to the production process. The upcoming industrial revolution, known as Industry 5.0, can handle these problems. In a nutshell, the phrase \"Industry 5.0\" alludes to humans and robots cooperating rather than competing [5]. Industry 5.0 merely focuses on the workers' knowledge, skills, and abilities, which can be incorporated with the machines [6]. It has been examined how Industry 5.0 is currently performing in relation to related research developments. Notably, supply chains, AI, big data, digital transformation, machine learning, and the Internet of Things are still key factors influencing Industry 5.0. These are the same forces that formed Industry 4.0 [7]. The three key determinants of Industry 5.0's development are identified as human-centric, sustainable, and resilient development [8]. The term \"human touch\" in Industry 5.0 refers to the integration of human expertise, intelligence, and creativity with the machine to increase the effectiveness of the industrial output [9; 10]. To have a better understanding of this \"human touch\" in Industry 5.0, consider the example of mobile manufacturing, in which machines are responsible for creating and integrating parts of mobile phones, and humans customize them according to the needs of the customer. Figure 2 illustrates how Industry 5.0's architecture combines human and machine collaboration [7]. A different perspective characterizes Industry 5.0 as being faster, more scalable, and involving more people than earlier due to the type of technology available. This can be achieved by pushing for more sophisticated robot-human interfaces that combine human intelligence and creativity with better automation and integration of robots. Increased productivity will result from this. Industry 5.0 offers significant benefits such as increased productivity,  
Figure 1: Industry 4.0 architecture [3]. agility, profitability, adaptability, change-readiness, and cost reduction. By emphasizing usability, accessibility, and user experience, human-centric design principles improve security measures by guaranteeing that security protocols are simple to understand and smoothly incorporated into workflow procedures. By incorporating human-centric design concepts into security measures, organizations can cultivate a security-aware culture among staff members, enabling them to take an active role in protecting assets and reducing possible risks in Industry 5.0 environments. However, it also offers core benefits such as the evolving global society, fostering open-minded employees, and waste prevention for sustainability, cost savings, environmental protection, and better social interaction. Through the reduction of wasted materials and resources, the four types of waste prevention viewpoints have a substantial impact on both the environment and the economy. With the goal of minimizing material costs and social repercussions, these views encompass physical waste, urban waste, process waste, and social waste [11]. Acknowledging the paradigm shift from a techno-centric Industry 4.0 to a human-centric approach in intelligent and automated factories draws attention to the growing ethical issues across various industrial sectors. Ethical issues emphasize the importance of tools like Value Sensitive Design (VSD) in converting complex cultural values into practical design necessities, particularly in the context of human-machine symbiosis in the Factory of the Future [12].