## 2 Results
### Measures of Vgreenup among PFTs
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Site** & **IGBP** & **Latitude** & **Longitude** & **Altitude** & **Vgreenup** & **Observation Period** & **Continent** \\  & & **(°)** & **(°)** & **(m a.s.l.)** & **(g C m\({}^{-2}\) day\({}^{-2}\))** & & **Observation Period** & **Continent** \\ \hline BE-Lon & CRO & 50.55 & 4.75 & 167 & 0.30 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 2005-2014 & EU \\ CA-Gro & MF & 48.22 & \(-\)82.16 & 340 & 0.12 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2004–2013 & NA \\ CA-Man & ENF & 55.88 & \(-\)98.48 & 259 & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1995-1996, 1998, 2000–2003 & NA \\ CA-Obs & DBF & 53.63 & \(-\)106.20 & 530 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1997–2010 & NA \\ CA-Obs & ENF & 53.99 & \(-\)105.12 & 629 & 0.08 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 2000–2010 & NA \\ CA-Qfo & ENF & 49.69 & \(-\)74.34 & 382 & 0.06 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 2004–2010 & NA \\ CA-TP3 & ENF & 42.71 & \(-\)80.35 & 184 & 0.13 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2008–2014 & NA \\ CA-TP4 & ENF & 42.71 & \(-\)80.36 & 184 & 0.13 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2003–2014 & NA \\ CH-Iae & MF & 47.48 & 8.36 & 689 & 0.15 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2005–2014 & EU \\ CZ-wet & WET & 49.02 & 14.77 & 426 & 0.19 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 2007–2014 & EU \\ DE-Geb & CRO & 51.10 & 10.91 & 162 & 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 2001–2014 & EU \\ DE-Hai & DBF & 51.08 & 10.45 & 430 & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2000–2012 & EU \\ DE-Kli & CRO & 50.89 & 13.52 & 478 & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2005–2007, 2010–2012, 2014 & EU \\ DE-Lnf & DBF & 51.33 & 10.37 & 451 & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2003–2006, 2010–2012 & EU \\ DK-Sor & DBF & 55.49 & 11.64 & 40 & 0.28 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1997–2013 & EU \\ FI-Hry & ENF & 61.85 & 24.29 & 181 & 0.11 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1997–2014 & EU \\ FI-Sod & ENF & 67.36 & 26.64 & 180 & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2001, 2003–2014 & EU \\ FR-Fon & DBF & 48.48 & 2.78 & 103 & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2005–2013 & EU \\ IT-BCI & CRO & 40.52 & 14.96 & 20 & 0.53 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 2005–2009 & EU \\ IT-Col & DBF & 41.85 & 13.59 & 1560 & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 1998, 2001, 2007–2009, 2011, 2014 & EU \\ IT-Mbo & GRA & 46.01 & 11.05 & 1550 & 0.28 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2003–2013 & EU \\ IT-Ro1 & DBF & 42.41 & 11.93 & 235 & 0.19 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2001–2006, 2008 & EU \\ IT-Ro2 & DBF & 42.39 & 11.92 & 160 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2002, 2004–2007, 2010, 2012 & EU \\ IT-Tor & GRA & 45.84 & 7.58 & 2160 & 0.17 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2009–2014 & EU \\ RU-Fyo & ENF & 56.46 & 32.92 & 265 & 0.14 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1999–2009, 2012–2014 & EU \\ US-GLE & ENF & 41.37 & \(-\)106.24 & 3197 & 0.10 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2006–2014 & NA \\  & & & & & & 1992–2001, 2003–2004, 2006–2007, & NA \\ US-Ha1 & DBF & 42.54 & \(-\)72.17 & 340 & 0.21 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2009–2012 & NA \\  & & & & & & 2009–2012 & NA \\ US-IB2 & GRA & 41.84 & \(-\)88.24 & 227 & 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2005–2011 & NA \\ US-Los & WET & 46.08 & \(-\)89.98 & 480 & 0.17 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2001–2006, 2014 & NA \\ US-MMS & DBF & 39.32 & \(-\)86.41 & 275 & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1999–2014 & NA \\ US-NR1 & ENF & 40.03 & \(-\)105.55 & 3050 & 0.11 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 2000–2014 & NA \\ US-Ne1 & CRO & 41.17 & \(-\)96.48 & 361 & 0.54 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2002–2012 & NA \\ US-Ne2 & CRO & 41.16 & \(-\)96.47 & 362 & 0.47 \(\pm\) 0.15 & 2003–2012 & NA \\ US-Ne3 & CRO & 41.18 & \(-\)96.44 & 363 & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.13 & 2002–2012 & NA \\ US-Oho & DBF & 41.55 & \(-\)83.84 & 230 & 0.29 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2004–2006, 2008–2013 & NA \\ US-Pra & MF & 45.95 & \(-\)90.27 & 470 & 0.14 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1997–2004, 2006–2009, 2011–2014 & NA \\ US-Twt & CRO & 38.11 & \(-\)121.65 & -7 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 2000–2014 & NA \\ US-UMB & DBF & 45.56 & \(-\)84.71 & 234 & 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2000–2014 & NA \\ US-Umd & DBF & 45.56 & \(-\)84.70 & 239 & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2008–2014 & NA \\ US-WCr & DBF & 45.81 & \(-\)90.08 & 520 & 0.24 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 2000–2003, 2005–2006, 2011–2014 & NA \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Statistics of Vgreenup for each site used in this study. Figure 1: Vgreenup in each plant function type (PTF). The number above each PTF is the mean value of Vgreenup, and the number in the parentheses is the standard deviation of Vgreenup for each PTF.