# Evaluating the Metabolomic Profile and Anti-Pathogenic Properties of _Cannabis_ Species
###### Abstract  
The _Cannabis_ species is one of the potent ancient medicinal plants acclaimed for its medicinal properties and recreational purposes. The plant parts are used and exploited all over the world for several agricultural and industrial applications. For many years _Cannabis_ spp. has proven to present a highly diverse metabolomic profile with a pool of bioactive metabolites used for numerous pharmacological purposes ranging from anti-inflammatory to antimicrobial. _Cannabis sativa_ has since been an extensive subject of investigation, monopolizing the research. Hence, there are fewer studies with a comprehensive understanding of the composition of bioactive metabolites grown in different environmental conditions, especially _C. indica_ and a few other Cannabis strains. These pharmacological properties are mostly attributed to a few phytocanabinoids and some phytochemicals such as terpenoids or essential oils which have been tested for antimicrobial properties. Many other discovered compounds are yet to be tested for antimicrobial properties. These phytochemicals have a series of useful properties including anti-insecticidal, anti-acaricidal, anti-nematicidal, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral properties. Research studies have reported excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although there has been an extensive investigation on the antimicrobial properties of _Cannabis_, the antimicrobial properties of _Cannabis_ on phytopathogens and aquatic animal pathogens, mostly those affecting fish, remain under-researched. Therefore, the current review intends to investigate the existing body of research on metabolomic profile and anti-microbial properties whilst trying to expand the scope of the properties of the _Cannabis_ plant to benefit the health of other animal species and plant crops, particularly in agriculture. Cannabis; metabolomic profile; phytocannabinoids; antimicrobial properties; antibacterial properties; phytopathogens; fish pathogens 2024 14 253 2024 202  
The metabolomic profile of _Cannabis_ has thus far proven to unveil a large variety of bioactive metabolites or phytochemicals [6] that are produced by different plant parts, such as stem barks, leaves, flowers, and buds. Previous reports suggest that there are approximately more than 700 strains of _Cannabis_ with a few suggested to possess powerful medicinal properties [7]. However, when the main focus is on the chemical composition of numerous _Cannabis_ strains or cultivars, the chemical classification of the strains is limited to several categories that are mostly based on the plant's cannabinoid content. Furthermore, there are fewer research studies aimed at the discovery of new phytochemicals of various _Cannabis_ strains that may possess therapeutic or medicinal properties. The discovery of _Cannabis_-derived compounds has been frequently reported to be hugely linked to their pharmacological properties, such as their psychoactive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties [8]. In addition, the promising effect of being an analgesic for neuropathic pain has also been observed by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [3]. This pharmacological activity of _Cannabis_ has predominantly been attributed to the presence of cannabinoids and essential oils as reported by [PERSON] et al. [9]. Despite a long history of medical use, the therapeutic potential of Cannabis roots and stem barks has been largely ignored in modern medical research and practice. In addition, although there has been an effort to relax _Cannabis_ legislation in many countries, there is still a lack of investigative studies that focus on assessing the effects of different environmental conditions on the production of bioactive phytochemicals, particularly in _Cannabis_ indica and some other _Cannabis_ strains. In contrast, _Cannabis sativa_ remains the only cultivar that has dominated the research [10].