## 3 Proposed Work
### Utilizing adaptive krill herd optimization for secure routing
Therefore, extending the network connection might be advantageous and moderately increasing the system's resilience. The proposed \"protocol's maintenance phase\" enables the relay nodes to transfer each data packet after confirming it is under a current energy threshold. The pathways are reconfigured if any node's residual energy limit drops within the cutoff. In the same way, the \"path selection metrics\" are calculated and processed. Finally, network connectivity will be improved because each node's battery capacity will remain constant. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter Name** & **Parameter Value** \\ \hline Propagation mode & Shadowing model \\ Transmitting range & 40 m \\ MAC Protocol & IEEE802.15.4 \\ Traffic Flow & Constant Bit Rate \\ Data transfer Rate & Ten pkt/sec \\ Packet size & 50 bytes \\ Initial energy & 50 bytes \\ Cycle time & 10 s \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Simulation Parameters. Figure 5: Comparison graph of remaining energy for proposed routing with existing “Directed Diffusion (D.D.)”. Routing Protocol. Figure 6: Comparison graph of remaining energy for proposed routing with existing “Sub-Game Energy-Aware Routing Protocol (SGEAR)”. Figure 7: Comparison graph in terms of remaining energy. ## 5 Conclusions

This paper proposes a lightweight encryption method that utilizes the randomness of DNA sequences. Key operations, called \"substitution\" and \"transposition\", are performed on the DNA sequence to achieve encryption. The reasonable key size and the randomness ensure the proposed algorithm's robustness, and the key data transfer routing is made more secure using DNA encryption. The key generation and encryption processes met the limited resources regarding processing and memory size for Zigbee devices. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DNA-based encryption technique performs better than the alternatives in high-traffic networks with low energy consumption. Writing--original draft, B.P. ; Writing--review & editing, E.S.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research received no external funding. Not applicable. The authors declare no conflict of interest. ## References

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