# Research on the Influence of Anxiety Psychology on Unsafe Behavior Among Construction Workers
## 4 Model Validation and Result Analysis
### Questionnaire Reliability and Validity Testing
#### 4.1.1 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)  
Based on the preliminary survey data, SPSS 22.0 was employed to calculate the [PERSON]'s \(\alpha\) coefficients and corrected item-total correlation (CITC) values for each measurement item. A measurement scale was considered reliable if its items met the criteria of [PERSON]'s \(\alpha\) > 0.7 and CITC > 0.5. In the pilot survey, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to assess structural validity. First, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure and [PERSON]'s test of sphericity were performed to evaluate the suitability of the data for factor analysis. A KMO value closer to 1 indicates stronger suitability for factor analysis. Generally, the data are deemed appropriate for factor analysis if [PERSON]'s test yields a significance level (Sig.) < 0.05 and the KMO value exceeds 0.7. Principal component analysis was then applied to extract factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 for each latent variable, as these factors were considered to significantly contribute to explaining data variance. All items associated with the latent variables were included in the factor extraction process, and only one factor with an eigenvalue > 1 was extracted for each variable, demonstrating satisfactory unidimensionality. The results of the exploratory factor analysis are presented in Table 3. Following reliability and validity assessments of the pilot survey data, all variables were found to meet the required criteria and were deemed suitable for subsequent factor analysis.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Constructs**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Items**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**CITC**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cronbach’s \(\alpha\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**KOM Value**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Barletlet’s Test of Sphericity (Sig)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Factor Loadings**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Eigenvalue**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cumulative Variance**} \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Unsafe Behaviors} & B1 & 0.660 & & & & 0.909 & & & \\  & B2 & 0.712 & & & & 0.888 & & & \\  & B3 & 0.823 & & & & 0.921 & & & \\  & B4 & 0.722 & & & & 0.822 & & & \\  & B5 & 0.684 & & & & 0.831 & & \\  & B6 & 0.745 & & & & 0.920 & & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Anxiety Psychology} & A1 & 0.714 & & & & 0.833 & & & \\  & A2 & 0.851 & 0.912 & & 0.854 & & 0.000 & 0.891 & 2.641 & 73.953\% \\ \cline{1-1}  & A3 & 0.654 & & & & & 0.942 & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Organization Climate} & O1 & 0.529 & & & & 0.909 & & & \\  & O2 & 0.634 & 0.788 & & 0.775 & & 0.000 & 0.921 & 2.556 & 92.031\% \\ \cline{1-1}  & O3 & 0.772 & & & & & 0.941 & & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Job Satisfaction} & S1 & 0.582 & & & & & 0.898 & & \\  & S2 & 0.614 & & & & 0.845 & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & S3 & 0.706 & 0.884 & & 0.712 & & 0.000 & 0.851 & 2.779 & 80.892\% \\ \cline{1-1}  & S4 & 0.682 & & & & & 0.951 & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & S5 & 0.823 & & & & & 0.907 & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Safety Competency} & C1 & 0.732 & & & & & 0.927 & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & C2 & 0.638 & 0.850 & & 0.738 & & 0.000 & 0.918 & 2.582 & 86.986\% \\ \cline{1-1}  & C3 & 0.709 & & & & 0.901 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: EFA and reliability testing results.