# The New Era of Business Digitization through the Implementation of 5G Technology in Romania
###### Abstract
flexible coverage, which will result in significantly lower costs within MIoT settings for applications targeting asset tracking, industry, agriculture and smart cities, monitoring from distance, interconnected factories, etc. ; and (iii) Mission Critical Services--5G will support applications that require high reliability, ultra-low latency connectivity, strong security and availability used for autonomous vehicles, drones, smart grids, telemedicine. These considerations will lead to the adoption and creation of value in the 5G economy. Initial 5G deployments will focus on eMBB applications that focus primarily on human needs, but will also include new application areas that have requirements for improved performance, which require very high data traffic capacity and more efficient data transmission, but with a lower bit cost for data transmission [4]. The Internet of Things (IoT) represents the next major innovation from an economic and social point of view, after connectivity [54]. Through IoT, any physical or virtual object can be connected to other objects and the Internet, creating a network between objects as well as between people and objects (Figure 1) [17; 18; 19; 34; 35; 36]. IoT can combine the physical and virtual worlds by creating a smart ecosystem that can perceive and effectively analyze the environment and adapt effectively to human needs [5; 6]. Ericsson estimates that the number of connected devices to the Internet of Things will average more than 20% annually by 2022, which will be fueled by a wide range of usage scenarios and price reductions for connected devices/things [17; 18; 19; 42; 43; 44]. At the same time, the existing coverage of mobile networks puts their operators in a favorable position to provide the necessary connectivity for emerging IoT applications [42; 43; 44]. Currently, alternative technologies, including 4G services upgrades, are sufficient to meet the medium-term demand for IoT [55; 56]. 5G brings reliability, low latency, scalability, security, and mobility, components that can support the massive proliferation of IoT  
Figure 1: IoT and 5G technologies. ecosystems [17]. 5G will serve consumers, businesses and lead the Internet of Things to the next level: to MIoT [18]. The effect of 5G on productivity growth will be due to the evolution of production factors, inputs and outputs, as a result of the integration of 5G technologies [34; 35; 36; 57]. The effects of 5G on production include: (i) increasing the efficiency of production processes by monitoring the use of raw materials in order to improve energy consumption, as well as safety and quality (zero defects); (ii) increasing the quality of products through quality control based on augmented reality, which contributes to the identification and resolution of faults in real time; (iii) real-time process automation, through the use of collaborative robots; (iv) robotics in the cloud; (v) inventory management automation; (vi) navigation and assisted navigation within an installation or outside it using augmented reality; and (vii) streamline product distribution [58; 59]. Worldwide, 5G is expected to make a significant contribution to industrial production in 2035, with 5G's largest contributions being generated in information and communications technology, public services, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, transport and logistics, hotel industry, construction, finance, insurance, and public utilities [8]. Efficient use of capital and labor may also result from increased machine-to-machine (M2M) technology that enables network devices to perform actions and exchange information without human guidance in real-time using 5G Internet [35]. At the same time, production systems that are based on connectivity and computing infrastructure contribute to achieving the primary objectives of Industry 4.0, namely flexibility, versatility, resource efficiency, cost efficiency, support for workers, quality of industrial production and logistics [27; 28].