# The Use of Educational Games in Programming Assignments: SQL Island as a Case Study
## 4 Results
### Player Experience
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Dimension** & **Subdimension** & **Item Description** & **Mean** & **Std.Dev.** & **Median** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Usability} & \multirow{4}{*}{Aesthetics} & The game design is attractive (interface. graphics. etc.). & 3.5 & 0.83 & 4 \\  & & The text font and colors are well blended and consistent. & 4.1 & 0.59 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{4}{*}{Learnability} & \multirow{4}{*}{I needed to learn a few things before I could play the game.} & 3.3 & 1.19 & 4 \\  & & Learning to play this game was easy for me. & 4.3 & 0.63 & 4 \\  & & I think that most people would learn to play this game & 3.7 & 0.97 & 4 \\  & & very quickly. & & & \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Operability} & I think that the game is easy to play.} & 4.2 & 0.63 & 4 \\  & & The game rules are clear and easy to understand. & 4.1 & 0.8 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Accessibility} & The fonts (size and style) used in the game are easy to read.} & 4.4 & 0.65 & 4 \\  & & The colors used in the game are meaningful. & 3.8 & 0.9 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Error prevention} & The game prevents me from making mistakes.} & 3.6 & 0.94 & 4 \\  & and recovery & When I make a mistake it is easy to recover from it quickly. & 3.7 & 0.92 & 4 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Confidence} & \multirow{4}{*}{When I first looked at the game I had the impression that it would be easy for me.} & 3.6 & 0.82 & 4 \\  & & The contents and structure helped me to become confident that I would learn with this game. & 4.2 & 0.59 & 4 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Challenge} & \multirow{4}{*}{This game provides new challenges (offers new obstacles.} & 4.1 & 0.76 & 4 \\  & & The game provides new challenges (offers new obstacles.} & 4.2 & 0.81 & 4 \\  & & situations or variations) at an appropriate pace. & 3.6 & 1 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{The game does not become monotonous as it progresses (repetitive or boring tasks).} & 4.2 & 0.83 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & & Completing the game tasks gave me a satisfying feeling of accomplishment. & 4.2 & 0.83 & 4 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{It is due to my personal effort that I managed to advance in the game.} & 4.3 & 0.78 & 4 \\  & & I feel satisfied with the things that I learned from the game. & 4.3 & 0.65 & 4 \\  & & I would recommend this game to my colleagues. & 4.2 & 0.75 & 4 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Fun} & \multirow{4}{*}{Something happened during the game (game elements.} & 4.2 & 0.71 & 4 \\  & competition. etc.) which made me smile.} & 3.7 & 1.05 & 4 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Focused Attention} & There was something interesting at the beginning of the game that captured my attention. & 3.6 & 0.91 & 4 \\  & I was so involved in my gaming task that I lost track of time. & 3.2 & 1.17 & 3 \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{I forgot about my immediate surroundings while playing this game.} & 2.6 & 0.98 & 3 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Relevance} & The game contents are relevant to my interests. & 3.6 & 0.92 & 4 \\ \cline{1-1}  & It is clear to me how the contents of the game are related to the course. & 4.6 & 0.56 & 5 \\ \cline{1-1}  & \multirow{2}{*}{This game is an adequate teaching method for this course.} & 3.6 & 0.98 & 4 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & I prefer learning with this game to learning through other ways (e.g., other teaching methods). & 3.9 & 0.96 & 4 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Results regarding player experience. surroundings while playing [26]. Exactly the same results were recorded in a study with the 2D platform game \"jAVANT-GARDE\" that aims at introducing novices to the main concepts of programming with Java [27]. In the 2D platform game \"Py-rate Adventures\", which focuses on basic programming concepts in Python, the participants disagreed both on \"forgetting about their surroundings\" and \"losing track of time\", although the player experience in terms of the rest of the dimensions was positive [28].