# Development and Opportunities of Clean Energy in China
## 4 Clean Energy in China
### China's Clean Energy Policy  
To achieve this goal, since 2006, China has promulgated a series of documents on energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental governance (see Figure 3), continuously promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, continuously optimizing the structure of energy production and consumption, and giving priority to the development of clean energy [21]. Based on China's national conditions, upholding the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, it actively participates in global climate governance, and has successively signed legal documents such as the \"United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change\", \"the Kyoto Protocol\" and the \"Paris Agreement\", and proposed the emission reduction target of independent contribution [22]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Made by** & **Name** & **Time** & **Reduction Targets** \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{U.N.} & (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) & \multirow{2}{*}{1922.05} & Industrial countries reduced greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels in 2000 to support climate change activities in developing countries. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & & By 2010, emissions of six greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, will be 5.2\% lower in all developed countries than in 1990. Developing countries have no emission reduction obligations. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & & Controlling the global temperature rise within 2 degrees Celsius compared with the pre-industrial period; And strive for an increase in temperature Limit to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Developed countries continue to be the first to reduce emissions and provide financial support to developing countries. \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{European Union} & (European Green Deal) & \multirow{2}{*}{2019.12} & The EU greenhouse gas emissions in 2030 dropped by 50\% compared with 1990, to 55\%, and carbon neutralization in 2050. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & & Incorporate legislation to achieve carbon neutralization goals by 2050. \\ \cline{2-3}  & (EU climate law) & \multirow{2}{*}{2020.10} & Greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 are 25\% lower than in 1990 and 80\% lower than in 1990 by 2050. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: List of legal documents concerning the UN and some other countries dealing with the climate change. As the largest developing country in the world, the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is included in the long-term tasks of China's economic development. From Figure 3, it can be seen that the development of China's energy policy is divided into two stages. The first stage is mainly about energy conservation and emission reduction. The largest source of China's energy pollution is coal-fired power generation. As of 2021, China's coal-fired power generation will account for 68% of total power generation [23]. The \"Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants\" (GB13223-2011) issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China in July 2011 stipulates the emission limits of SO2, NOx, and soot [24], from the emission standards of major air pollutants in major countries in the world (see Table 2). It can be seen that China implements the \"ultra-low emission\" standard, which is stricter than Japan's emission standard and has become the world's most stringent air pollutant emission standard for thermal power plants. The reason is that, first, thermal power is a major polluter in China's power generation industry. During the 13 th Five-Year Plan period, the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions of the thermal power industry accounted for more than 40% of the country's total emissions; secondly, only a quarter of the key cities reached the national standard of secondary ambient air quality level, the number of haze occurrences in some densely populated and economically developed areas remains high.