## 7 Conclusions  
(1) Based on previous studies, the boundary for low-resistivity shale reservoirs is defined as a resistivity below 10 \(\Omega\cdot\)m and a continuous formation thickness exceeding 6 m. This is established based on the relationship between reservoir resistivity, its range of values, and its correlation with gas content and gas well output. The low-resistivity shale reservoirs within the production section are characterized by a notably high clay mineral content (30.24%), elevated pyrite content (4.85%), a high water saturation level (66.49%), and a lower gas content (2.93 m\({}^{3}\)/g).  
(2) In the low-resistivity shale reservoir, organic matter is primarily distributed in sporadic and fragmented chunks, with poorly developed internal organic pores. The pores, predominantly isolated and circular, have poor interconnectivity, resulting in low surface porosity. Additionally, micro-fractures are underdeveloped. The predominant pore sizes in the overall pore distribution are under 10 nm, characterized by tiny pores. The total pore volume is under 0.015 cm\({}^{3}\), yet the specific surface area exceeds 8 m\({}^{2}\)/g.  
(3) The primary causes for the low resistivity of shale reservoirs in the Luzhou area are high water saturation, elevated clay mineral content, and diagenetic processes. High water saturation causes a swift decline in shale reservoir resistivity, intensifies the dissolution of potassium feldspar, and impedes the transformation of kaolinite to illite. This results in a low-resistivity shale reservoir where clay minerals are distributed in a flow-like pattern around large quartz grains, interspersed with recrystallized pyrite crystals, creating a comprehensive conductive network that lowers resistivity. The development of high water saturation is primarily influenced by the proximity of gas wells to Class II faults, as well as the fault's hanging and footwalls.  
(4) The low-resistivity shale reservoir exhibits low gas potential, with both free and adsorbed gas content under 3 m\({}^{3}\)/t; yet, a significant proportion of adsorbed gas, over 30%, mainly due to high water saturation and low pore volume. When the water saturation exceeds 40%, the pore volume rapidly decreases, which is not conducive to shale gas storage, and the corresponding fault distance is 2.8 km. Therefore, in order to reduce the exploration and development risks of shale gas in the Luzhou area, the well deployment needs to be 2.8 km away from the Class II fault.  
Conceptualization, [PERSON] and Y.L.; methodology, [PERSON]; formal analysis, Y.F.; investigation, Y.J.; resources, Y.G.; data curation, H.J.; writing--original draft preparation, [PERSON] and A.Z.; writing--review and editing, [PERSON] and H.J.; visualization, [PERSON]; project administration, [PERSON] and Y.J. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42302166), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42272171), and the Science and Technology Cooperation Program of CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance (Grant No. 2020 CX020104).  
Not applicable.  
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
Authors [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] were employed by Sichuan Shale Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited; Author [PERSON] was employed by The Third Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.