## 3 Results and Discussion
### Performance of Spray-Dried Powder
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Treatments (*)** & **Eugenol in Feed (\%)** & **Mass of Collected Product (g)** & **Loading Capacity (\%)** & **Efficiency Encapsulation (\%)** \\ \hline F1-chi 0.0\% & 37.50 & 3.91 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 6.6 \(\pm\) 1.2\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 17.6 \(\pm\) 3.9\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.067\% & 37.13 & 2.19 \(\pm\) 0.19 & 4.7 \(\pm\) 1.1\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 12.6 \(\pm\) 2.8\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.2\% & 36.41 & 2.58 \(\pm\) 0.22 & 6.3 \(\pm\) 1.2\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 17.4 \(\pm\) 3.2\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.33\% & 35.71 & 2.83 \(\pm\) 0.40 & 16.8 \(\pm\) 0.9\({}^{\text{a}}\) & 47.1 \(\pm\) 2.5\({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.0\% & 23.08 & 3.00 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 6.5 \(\pm\) 1.0\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 28.1 \(\pm\) 3.5\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.06\% & 22.80 & 2.29 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 3.6 \(\pm\) 0.8\({}^{\text{c}}\) & 15.8 \(\pm\) 2.6\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.2\% & 22.26 & 2.54 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 6.7 \(\pm\) 0.7\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 30.2 \(\pm\) 2.4\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.33\% & 21.74 & 32.3 \(\pm\) 0.59 & 7.4 \(\pm\) 1.0\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 34.2 \(\pm\) 3.6\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Eugenol feed and encapsulation performance. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Treatments (*)** & **Particle Size (nm)** & **Polydispersity Index** & **Zeta Potential (mV)** \\ \hline F1-chi 0.0\% & 403.2 \(\pm\) 17.2\({}^{\text{e}}\) & 0.639 \(\pm\) 0.048 \({}^{\text{abc}}\) & \(-\)26.9 \(\pm\) 0.8 \({}^{\text{d}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.067\% & 679.2 \(\pm\) 55.4 \({}^{\text{bcd}}\) & 0.511 \(\pm\) 0.041 \({}^{\text{cd}}\) & \(-\)2.2 \(\pm\) 0.2 \({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.2\% & 834.6 \(\pm\) 66.3 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.669 \(\pm\) 0.016 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 10.3 \(\pm\)1.5 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) \\ F1-chi 0.33\% & 1243 \(\pm\) 72.6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.705 \(\pm\) 0.085 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 11.4 \(\pm\)1.0 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.0\% & 404.3 \(\pm\) 83.6 \({}^{\text{e}}\) & 0.468 \(\pm\) 0.016 \({}^{\text{d}}\) & 18.7 \(\pm\) 1.2 \({}^{\text{d}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.067\% & 498.0 \(\pm\) 25.1 \({}^{\text{de}}\) & 0.495 \(\pm\) 0.067 \({}^{\text{cd}}\) & 3.0 \(\pm\) 8.4 \({}^{\text{k}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.2\% & 543.9 \(\pm\) 100 \({}^{\text{de}}\) & 0.540 \(\pm\) 0.068 \({}^{\text{bcd}}\) & 16.1 \(\pm\) 3.2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ F2-chi 0.33\% & 702.6 \(\pm\) 34.5 \({}^{\text{bc}}\) & 0.559 \(\pm\) 0.043 \({}^{\text{abcd}}\) & 19.2 \(\pm\)0.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} (*) F1 and F2 contained 2.0\% and 1.0\% eugenol, respectively, in emulsion. Data represent mean \(\pm\) standard deviation. Different letters indicate significant differences among samples (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of powders. that large particle sizes at low pH caused a decrease in total oil content and encapsulation efficiency in spray-dried powder. Another researcher stated that during the spray-drying process, smaller particles had a higher mass transfer rate and more quickly formed semipermeable membranes around the atomized droplets, which reduced the loss of volatile compounds [32]. This phenomenon could have happened to the F2-chi 0.067% spray-dried powder sample. This sample came from an emulsion that had the largest emulsion droplet size, the highest PdI value, and a low zeta potential value. However, the spray-dried powder of F1-chi 0.067% had a small particle size and PdI value, and therefore the opinion of [PERSON] et al. [32] is not appropriate for this case. There could be differences in interactions between the WPMD conjugate, eugenol, and chitosan solutions in the acetate buffer and the interactions between the WPMD conjugates, eugenol, and acetate buffer without chitosan. The difference in interaction caused a higher percentage of LC and EE of eugenol in the spray-dried powder F1-chi 0.0% than in F1-chi 0.067%, as well as between F2-chi 0.0% and F2-chi 0.067%. The eugenol spray-dried powder produced from this research had higher loading than some similar research results.