## 4 Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Research  
Our study aimed to compare sixteen commercial nutraceuticals marketed as \"superfood\", based on their nutrient composition, functional properties (antioxidant and antibacterial potential), and volatile profile. Products of aquatic sources, namely spirulina, chlorella, and duckweed, were rich in protein, although they were deficient in certain amino acids. Wheat grass, spinach, and moringa powders also contained relatively high concentrations of protein. Spinach, duckweed, and moringa powders showed ash contents above 10%, so these products may serve as significant sources of essential minerals, contributing to overall dietary needs. Acerola powder was an exceptionally rich source of antioxidants, and it also exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria. Based on our results, microalgae powders could be effectively used to enrich foods with protein, while the addition of acerola powder would powerfully enhance their functional properties. Moringa powder is also worth highlighting, as it could enhance several parameters of foods, including their protein and mineral contents, as well as their antioxidant and antibacterial potentials. Approximately 300 volatiles were identified in the investigated nutraceuticalticals. A single product contained between 10 (lucuma powder) and 64 (ginger powder) volatiles. The number, intensity, and composition of these components showed large variances between the samples. Certain compounds were identified in specific products, which may help to detect adulteration and enhance quality control in the nutraceuticaltical market. The regulation of nutraceuticalticals is currently fragmented and incomplete in the EU and worldwide. As the market for nutraceuticaltical products continues to grow, it is crucial that consumers are made aware of these regulatory gaps. Without clear and consistent guidelines and requirements, there is a risk of misleading claims, product quality issues, and potential health concerns. Our study provides valuable insights that may support authorities in developing definite international legislation for the nutraceuticaltical market, particularly in the context of labeling requirements and minimum quality standards. The establishment of clear guidelines based on scientific evidence would contribute to consumer safety, transparency, and public health. In addition, our research could provide valuable information for nutrition science, the pharmaceutical industry, and the food industry, and may also contribute to a more informed decision-making by consumers. Future research could focus on exploring the digestibility and bioavailability of nutrients in nutraceuticalticals. In addition, the role of the detected volatiles in consumer acceptance and the sensory experience should also be investigated. Functional and sensory properties of foods enriched with alternative protein sources or nutraceuticalticals rich in bioactive components (especially acerola powder) are also important areas of future research. The following supporting information can be downloaded at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app142311069/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app142311069/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app142311069/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app142311069/s1)), Table S1: Volatile headspace compounds (peak area%) identified in superfood powders. Conceptualization, R.V., M.C. and K.T. ; methodology, M.C., Z.M. and E.B. ; software, Z.M., M.C. and G.S. ; formal analysis, R.V. and K.T. ; investigation, R.V., G.S., M.C., Z.M., E.B. and K.T. ; resources, Z.M. ; data curation, R.V. ; writing--original draft preparation, R.V. and G.S. ; writing--review and editing, M.C., Z.M., E.B. and K.T. ; visualization, R.V. ; supervision, M.C. and K.T. ; project administration, K.T. ; funding acquisition, R.V. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the Ministry for Innovation and Technology (UNKP-22-3-II-MATE/23). Not applicable.