# Security Perception of IoT Devices in Smart Homes
### Literature Review  
The number of IoT-connected devices had already reached around 11 billion in 2020, and this is expected to increase to 30 billion by 2025 [5]. The increase in the use of smart devices has, consequently, also led to an increase in the amount of private data typically uploaded to the cloud. The pace of development of smart home devices is much faster than the development of protection techniques that could protect these devices and the data collected from them. Given the high risks of devices and their connection to everyday life, understanding the threats and challenges posed by these devices and how this relates to our privacy is of the utmost importance. To understand this area better, we need to understand the terms \"security\" and \"privacy.\" The term \"security\" refers to the protection of devices and the networks they are connected to [6]. \"Privacy\" is defined as a personal boundary regulation process to regulate the levels of privacy with others, depending on the context [7].  
Security is one of the most important aspects of any system, as it protects against any internal or external risks [8]. Security attacks on smart homes are divided into passive and active. Passive attacks attempt to obtain useful information without affecting system resources and also include attacks in the form of traffic analysis. These attacks are difficult to detect, as they do not modify data. Hence, the focus should be on prevention rather than detection in these types of attacks. Active attacks are those that attempt to modify or falsify data and influence the operation of devices. These include masquerading, where an intruder pretends to be a legitimate entity to gain privileges. Then a message modification attack, where the attacker intercepts the message passively, partially modifies it and gains unauthorized access by resending it. There are also malware attacks to exploit internal vulnerabilities to modify, destroy, or steal information and gain unauthorized access to system resources.  
A study found that users usually lack trust in smart home assistants and lack knowledge on the security of smart home assistants [9]. Another study found that users assume that their privacy while using IoT is protected but are often unaware of the potential for revealing sensitive information. That is why it is important that privacy notifications be improved and more user-friendly settings be presented [10]. Often, users also transfer responsibilities for their privacy protection while using the IoT to manufacturers, not to ourselves, which should also be improved with better support and adoption of smart home technologies [11]. In another study, it was found that users' security risk perception has an effect on their intentions to use smart home devices [12]. Although smart home devices bring many vulnerabilities, they can often reduce costs or eliminate danger, and they are on the rise. It is expected that a lot of homes will be using these devices in the future.  
Another crucial factor in the security of smart home devices is the human aspect. Previous research found that the human aspects need to be accounted for when performing risk analysis of IoT devices in smart homes [13, 14].  
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. The research model and methods for measuring the model are presented in Section 2. The data analysis and the results are presented in Section 3. In Section 4, we present a discussion of the results and the conclusion.