## 1 Introduction  
According to the Waste Management Program in the Republic of Serbia for the period 2022-2031, as stated in the \"Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia\", No. 30/18, one of the goals is to reduce environmental pollution by reducing the amount of waste and developing a circular economy [1]. The management of waste from electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) represents a significant challenge and an obstacle to Serbia's implementation of the circular economy. Rapid technological development and advancement are rendering current electronic and electrical equipment rapidly obsolete, leading to the generation of large amounts of waste. E-waste consists of various household waste devices, such as large and small household appliances, IT equipment, consumer goods for leisure, lighting equipment, electrical and electronic appliances, toys and sports equipment, medical aids, vending machines, monitoring and supervision instruments, etc. [2]. This waste initially falls under municipal waste and makes up 5.7% of the average morphological composition of mixed municipal waste in the Republic of Serbia [1]. In the Waste Catalog, this waste is classified into two groups [3]:  
* Group/subgroup 16 02: waste not otherwise specified in the catalog/waste from electrical and electronic equipment: of the eight listed types of this kind of waste, as many as six are marked as hazardous waste. * Group/subgroup 20 01: municipal waste (domestic waste and similar commercial industrial waste), including separately collected fractions (exception 15 01)--where 14 types of hazardous waste are located, with emphasis on discarded electronic and electrical equipment containing hazardous components. Therefore, we can conclude that most e-waste possesses hazardous waste characteristics and requires special management. This waste may contain a large number of hazardous elements, such as heavy metals, brominated flame retardants, chlorofluorocarbons, etc. [4]. As the Law on Waste Management requires (\"Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia\" no. 36/2009, 88/2010, 14/2016, 95/2018--other law, and 35/2023), this waste must not be mixed with other waste. The disposal of this waste is prohibited without prior treatment, and records of waste quantities and recyclable components are mandatory. This waste is managed by special waste flows, and special measures are in place for collection, transport, storage, treatment, reuse, and disposal [5]. Against these facts, e-waste represents a rich source of resources that can be reused and recycled. The recycling of e-waste has spawned a new industry trend popularly referred to as \"urban mining\" [6]. There is even 100 times more gold in 1 ton of smartphones than in 1 ton of gold ore, while in 1 ton of motherboards, there is up to 800 times more gold than in 1 ton of gold ore [7]. According to estimates, recycling all of the world's e-waste could meet up to 95% of the global needs for as many as 60 metals, including copper, gold, silver, and platinum [8,9]. Despite these facts, only 17.4% of this waste is fully recycled globally [10]. The aim of this paper is to:  
* Review waste separation technologies using robots using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework;
* Analyze the existing practice of e-waste management in the Republic of Serbia with key problem and solution identification in legislation, infrastructure and social behavior;
* Examine the possibility of using robots in the e-waste separation process in Serbia in the specific example of the \"E-Reciklaza\" recycling center in Nis, Serbia, which will include technical and economic feasibility, expected benefits and potential challenges. By understanding Serbia's approach to e-waste management, with an overview of all obstacles in the system, international companies which are trading in Serbia can improve their strategies for responsible e-waste management.