## 3 Results and Discussion
The second stage was observed around 240 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which is associated with the degradation of low molecular weight proteins and polysaccharide components of the gum [37]. The total mass loss until this stage was \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 26.14% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 258.24 \({}^{\circ}\)C; \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 23.42% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 249.53 \({}^{\circ}\)C; \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 22.81% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 260.72 \({}^{\circ}\)C; and \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 19.40% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 268.80 \({}^{\circ}\)C for P1-P4, respectively. The sample of methodology P4 has a lower percentage of low molecular weight molecules, while the methodology P2 and P3 did not influence this percentage. These temperatures and losses demonstrate a thermal pattern already exposed in the literature [16; 37]. The total degraded after the third peak mass loss reached \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 65.24% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 306.72 \({}^{\circ}\)C; \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 69.21% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 311.07 \({}^{\circ}\)C; \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 72.29% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 309.83 \({}^{\circ}\)C; \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 70.27% and T\({}_{\text{peak DTG}}\) = 310.45 \({}^{\circ}\)C for P1-P4, respectively. The residual weight at 700 \({}^{\circ}\)C were \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 19.21%, \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 18.10%, \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 14.22% and \(\Delta\)m\({}_{1}\) = 16.16% for P1-P4, respectively, confirming the degradation behavior of the samples, seen in the ash content, where P3 has the lowest residual mass. Responsible for evaluating water loss, protein denaturation, crystallization, oxidation behavior, and thermophysical properties of materials, the DSC is an important tool for associating moisture content with TGA/DTG. In a nitrogen atmosphere, the DSC curve exhibited an endothermic event between the room temperature and 463.15 K (190 \({}^{\circ}\)C), with peaks in the range of 410.15 K (137 \({}^{\circ}\)C) for P1, P2 and P4, and a peak shifted to the left for P3, at 363.47 K (90.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C) (Figure 2D). The endothermic events presented are attributed to moisture evaporation, corroborating with the TGA/DTG. The diffractograms (Figure 2E) show that the different methodologies of purification did not modify the amorphous characteristics of the CG. This is due to the broad projections presented by the CG, without peak formation and with 20 = 18.9\({}^{\circ}\). When modifications occur during the process, a disorder in the structure can be generated, leading to material amorphization due to the breakage of chemical bonds and breakage or melting of the chains in the crystalline region of the material. Other studies presented the same amorphous characteristic [16; 39]. The FTIR spectra (Figure 2F) show a slight difference between the samples P1 and P2 from the samples P3 and P4; however, they all had CG characteristic bands. The common bands between all spectra are the wavelengths of 1633 cm\({}^{-1}\) and 1426 cm\({}^{-1}\) (asymmetric and symmetrical stretches of COO-), 1157 cm\({}^{-1}\), 1082 cm\({}^{-1}\) and 1025 cm\({}^{-1}\) associated with -CO elongation and glycosidic bond (C-O-C) of the polysaccharide [7; 37]. Important to highlight that P1 and P2 were the only samples that present bands between 1376 cm\({}^{-1}\) and 1746 cm\({}^{-1}\) of the ester groups, commonly found in acetylated CG [7; 9]. With these initial results and following the objective of the proposed study, methodology 3 was chosen to purify the CG to continue the development of the work. The CG particles were produced by the nanoprecipitation technique, a methodology widely used to encapsulate hydrophobic substances and obtain spherical particles [40]. Particle size analysis by DLS showed, in solution, diameters ranging from 300 to 600 nm (Table 1). The CG alone was not able to form particles, but when associated with \(\alpha\)-Toc, resulted in submicron particles, suggesting that CG acted as a surfactant in the formulation (Figure 3).