## 4 Discussion  
The objective of this study was to evaluate the most common health disorders among orthodontists and dental practitioners and to distinguish the factors responsible for their appearance. The hypothesis of this study was supported. The results of this study showed that about 71% of orthodontists experienced pain in various areas of their bodies during and after work. These findings were lower than in the case of other dental practitioners, in which they varied from 79.8% to 90.32% [8, 9, 11, 12]. Moreover, these results differed from the findings of [PERSON] et al. [16], who investigated the population of Colombian orthodontists who had an 80% prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This can be explained by paying more attention to the ergonomic factors in the workplace, such as maintaining a neutral sitting position, keeping work equipment as close as possible, and breaks between patients during work. Moreover, our research found that orthodontists with work experience longer than 10 years experienced health disorders more often. Back, shoulder girdle, and neck were identified as the areas of the body about which practitioners complained the most. In addition, the study found that back pain was less common among orthodontists who worked in a sitting position than those who preferred working standing. The use of individually adjustable chairs with back support and saddle-type chairs at work was found to reduce the frequency of back pain. These findings match with the study of [PERSON] et al. who stated that the use of a saddle-type chair in everyday practice significantly reduces low back pain [17]. In addition, the use of a saddle-type chair during work significantly reduced the incidence of shoulder girdle pain [18]. Another aspect of this research was the position of an orthodontist in daily dental practice. The findings showed that orthodontic specialists who were working in the neutral sitting position had better health than those who worked in a standing posture. In a neutral sitting position, the forearm must be kept parallel to the floor during work, and the hip and knee joints must be bent at an angle of at least 90 degrees [19]. Orthodontists who indicated that they kept the hip joints at an angle of less than 90 degrees while sitting were more likely to experience shoulder girdle pain. In addition, specialists who bent their knee joints too much during their work experienced back, shoulder girdle, and lumbar pain. Furthermore, the positioning of dental tools is a critical factor in the musculoskeletal health of orthodontic practitioners. Our study found that specialists who kept their dental equipment at a distance of less than 50 cm from themselves were less likely to experience back and shoulder pain. This distance was optimal for avoiding physical stress during working hours [20]. The most significant factor that had the greatest impact on the incidence of occurrence of pain during clinical work was the frequency of breaks during the course of the workday. Orthodontists should take frequent, albeit short, breaks, as they significantly reduce the incidence of neck, shoulder girdle, back, chest, lumbar, hand, and finger pain, and also alleviate the experience of general physical and eye fatigue [8, 21, 22]. Finally, it is believed that new orthodontic technologies can help to secure a practitioner's health by minimizing chairside time. For example, shortened chairtime appears to be one of the main reasons for the relatively high frequency of self-ligating vs. conventional ligating brackets or indirect bonding application by clinicians currently [23, 24]. However, [PERSON] stated that chairside time was equal for intraoral scan and alginate impression and required more computer work, which can cause eye fatigue, as was seen in the group of general dental practitioners [24]. [PERSON] et al. reported that the use of loupes had primary benefits for ergonomics and posture, but a lack of fixed position disturbed the image of the magnified operating field.