# Blockchain Applications in the Military Domain:
## 4 Results
This technical evolution demonstrates the need for continued advancement in blockchain security mechanisms to address future computational threats. Current blockchain frameworks for mitigating military cyber threats have shown a great deal of promise in terms of their effectiveness, while also recognizing critical limitations. In this way, these implementations have emerged as effective in data security, user authentication, and enhanced resiliency against attacks, while issues related to scalability, energy efficiency, integration within systems, and modern threats call for further research and development. Evolving blockchain frameworks in military cybersecurity demonstrate further potential improvements in effectiveness based on tailored approaches toward the complex and modern nature of cyber threats. **[RQ5]. **_What are the potential use cases of blockchain in enhancing military operational transparency and accountability?_  
Blockchain technology demonstrates transformative potential in enhancing military operational transparency and accountability through its core features of immutability, decentralization, and secure data management. These capabilities align particularly well with increasing requirements for precision and auditability within complex military environments, enabling diverse applications across multiple operational domains. Supply chain management is a very important case for applying blockchains to ensure tamper-proof and auditable mechanisms from acquisition to disposal or decommissioning. Research has shown that blockchain effectively creates tamper-proof device provenance records that can help military entities differentiate between authentic and counterfeit components, as in [86]. The implementation of this would be effective in terms of maintaining operational reliability and safety since no counterfeit items would be introduced that could compromise both security and functionality. Other studies have shown how blockchain traceability ensures transparency in material and fund flow, reducing mismanagement risks while increasing supply chain accountability [60]. Blockchain applications in military communications and command logging have huge potential to create operational transparency. Research indicates that blockchain's immutability can ensure secure recording of communication and orders, allowing for comprehensive audit trails after operations. Blockchain implementation for storing battlefield command and control data in tamper-resistant ledgers has effectively built trust and accountability between units, as demonstrated in [61]. This capability extends to drone operations where blockchain provides secure and traceable logs of mission details, flight paths, and collected data, ensuring full auditability of unmanned system actions [92]. Blockchain implementation facilitates personnel management regarding the secure storage and updating of training records, assignments, and performance appraisals. For instance, research has identified that smart contracts automatically handle promotions and mission assignments with the help of predefined triggers based on predefined criteria, providing complete transparency to personnel workflows [72]. This effectively enables the creation of unalterable, secure records of individual activities and certifications, allowing comprehensive auditability of personnel decisions while guaranteeing equity within military hierarchies. Applying blockchain in autonomous systems and unmanned vehicles also shows great potential for operational accountability. The study illustrates how blockchain-based logging and verification mechanisms ensure mission protocol compliance with full accountability mechanisms. A blockchain-based authentication and logging system for dronesutilizing delegated proof of stake consensus mechanisms is quite effective in facilitating secure and transparent drone operations with minimal security risks [55; 92].