## 2 Results and Discussion
### Consumer Evaluation of Celery Samples
Hybrid samples were scored in between the  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Samples**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Overall A**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Significance of**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Penalty Analysis**} \\ \cline{3-8}  & & **Sample** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Too Little**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Too Much**} \\  & & **(\(\boldsymbol{p}\)-Value) B** & **Mean Drop** & **Frequency (\%)** & **Mean Drop** & **Frequency (\%)** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{JAR Aroma} \\
12 & 2.9 1  & 0.69 & 24.6 & 1.15 & 17.0 \\
25 & 2.5 1  & 0.49 & 48.3 & 3.30 & 7.6 \\
22 & 2.8 1  & 0.70 & 29.7 & 1.54 & 11.9 \\
25x12 & 2.7 1  & 0.39 & 31.1 & 1.32 & 13.6 \\
22x12 & 2.8 1  & 0.61 & 30.5 & 1.62 & 13.6 \\
12x22 & 2.9 1  & 0.74 & 28.0 & 1.55 & 15.3 \\
12 & 3.4 1  & 1.15 & 15.3 & 2.09 1 & 45.8 \\
25 & 2.9 1  & 0.72 & 28.0 & 2.17 1 & 22.9 \\
22 & 3.3 1  & 1.45 & 14.4 & 2.09 1 & 40.7 \\
25x12 & 3.1 1  & 0.60 & 21.2 & 1.98 1 & 30.5 \\
22x12 & 3.2 1  & 0.52 & 1.12 & 1.56 1 & 33.9 \\
12x22 & 3.2 1  & 0.51 & 21.2 & 2.22 1 & 30.5 \\
12 & 2.2 & 1.18  & 1.54 & 50.9 & 0.06 & 4.2 \\
22 & 2.4 & 1.31  & 0.1\% & 52.5 & - & 0.0 \\
22x12 & 2.4 & 1.69  & 0.41 & 2.0 \\
22x12 & 2.4 & 1.76 [FOOTNOTE:1]Footnote 1: \(\boldsymbol{\mathrm{a}}\) Means not labelled with the same letters (a,b,c,d) are significantly different (\(\boldsymbol{p}<0.05\)). B represents a significant difference (\(\boldsymbol{p}<0.05\)) within a sample in overall liking compared with mean liking rating when the sample was considered Just-About-Right; * significant at the 5\% level; * significant at the 1\% level; * significant at 0.1\%parent genotypes. Interestingly, regarding the flavour intensity attribute, it can be observed that there was a significant drop in the liking for almost all samples when the flavour intensity of the samples was considered either \"too little\" or \"too much\". Where significant drops were observed for flavour intensity attribute, no significant drop in overall liking was observed for aroma intensity, too little or too much, displaying that consuming celery is more important for deciding preference than just smelling the sample. Stringiness, which expressed a negative correlation with crunchy texture by the sensory panel (Table 2), displayed significant drops in overall liking if samples were considered to be \"too much\" in genotype 12 and all the hybrids. Genotype 12 and hybrid 12x22 were considered to be the most stringy, and a mean drop of 1.3 and 0.9 in the overall liking occurred, respectively. Although scored lower, the stringiness scored by the panel of 12x22 was like genotype 12 (Table 2). The maternal inheritance of the ribbed appearance is clearly demonstrated from genotype 12 in 12x22. As texture was scored as an important attribute for consumers (Table 5), we would recommend to breeders to use a female parent that expresses the desirable appearance and textural attributes as a strong maternal inheritance has been observed in this study. Additional comments on the samples provided by the participants contained both positive and negative points and these are shown in Table 8. Although bitter and sweet taste have been identified as drivers of disliking and liking, the results from the consumer evaluation of celery samples demonstrated that consumers could not identify differences in taste (Table 4) whereas the trained panel clearly identified significant differences between all samples in sweetness and bitterness (Table 2).