# Impact of Digital Transformation on the Energy Sector: A Review
## 1 Introduction  
Digital transformation (DT/DX) is a phenomenon introduced by the transformative power of digital technologies. This trend has gained significant attention in academic and business settings, including education, government, banking, and manufacturing, especially during the fourth industrial revolution (4 IR). For more than 20 years, scholars have been studying the different aspects of digital transformation, including its enablers, barriers, and how it creates value [1; 2]. The rapid advancement of society, the economy and industry depends on digital transformation. Today, digitalization and globalization are inseparable and shape human life. By 2030, the European Commission (EC) predicts that the \"transformative industrial and technological revolution\" will be a major global theme. As technology continues to progress, it will have an impact on various aspects of society, such as lifestyle, education, politics, research, collective intelligence networks, governance, the establishment of open systems, and even health, including the alteration of the human genome [1; 3; 4]. Similarly to other institutions and nations, the EC has made digital transformation a top priority for both businesses and society. To measure progress across European countries, the EC has introduced a digital transformation monitor and scoreboard as part of its initiatives [5]. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) also launched a new global project in 2017 called \"Going Digital: Making the Transformation Work for Growth and Well-being\". The objective of the project is to help policy makers understand the digital transformation taking place and create a policy framework that promotes economic and societal growth in a world increasingly driven by data and digital technologies [6]. Digital technologies have also become integral to our daily lives, influencing our work, communication, and behavior as consumers. In addition, digital technologies, in order to connect the physical and digital worlds, are rapidly catering to the individualized needs of consumers. Consequently, businesses across industries are experiencing a diversification of rapidly changing demands, now affecting areas that have always been dependent on physical materiality [7]. Numerous organizations and businesses have integrated modern technologies such as Big Data analytics, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and social media to enhance their day-to-day operations. Failure to adapt to the digital world may result in being a victim of \"Digital Darwinism\", whereby established players may fade away. Only the most adaptable and responsive companies that keep up with technological advancements will remain competitive in the market. These digital technologies are transforming commercial activities, and the term \"digital transformation\" is frequently used to describe these changes. However, there is currently no standardized definition for this term. While some consider digital transformation and digitalization to be synonymous, most studies show that they differ and require distinct definitions [8; 9]. Historically, the energy sector has been at the forefront of embracing novel technologies. As early as the 1970s, electricity providers and oil and gas companies were pioneers in utilizing emerging technologies to streamline grid management, as well as to simulate exploration and production assets. This digital transformation has been underway in the energy industry for several years, and it has led to significant changes related to the fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 [10; 11]. Given the significance of digital transformation in shaping the future, it is imperative to assess the current status and impacts of this trend on diverse industries and anticipate future developments and their potential consequences. Accordingly, this article aims to examine the impact of digital transformation on the power industry.