# Change and Driving Factor Analysis of Eco-Environment of Typical Lakes in Arid Areas
## 5 Conclusions  
1. Ecological water conveyance has significantly increased the area of Lake Taitema. Over the selected 20 years, ecological water conveyance expanded the area of Lake Taitema from \(1.8\) km\({}^{2}\) to approximately 402 km\({}^{2}\). The overall trend of expansion of the area of Lake Taitema is evident at both annual and monthly scales, and the lake began to expand after the head of ecological water conveyance reached it. This indicates that ecological water conveyance can alter the area of lakes.
2. From 2000 to 2020, significant changes occurred in the land use types of the Taitema Lake area, with an increase in grassland and water areas and a gradual decrease in unused land. The largest change in the proportion of unused land occurred over 20 years, with a decrease of about 9.6%, while the proportion of grassland and water increased by 6.0% and 4.4%, respectively. At the beginning of ecological water conveyance, the water area was very small, and the grassland was sparse. However, as ecological water conveyance progressed, the previously small lake area became a patchy lake, and the grassland became denser. This indicates that the spatial conversion of land use in the Taitema Lake area showed a trend of improvement due to ecological water conveyance.
3. Ecological water conveyance has gradually improved the habitat quality of Taitema Lake, and areas with poor ecological quality have been gradually replaced by areas with moderate, good, and excellent ecological quality. The Mann-Kendall test results show that over the selected 20 years, the proportion of pixels with an increasing RSEI (\(Z_{c}>0\)) in the Taitema Lake area was 56.5%, while the proportion of pixels with a declining RSEI (\(Z_{c}<0\)) was 43.5%, indicating a significant improvement in ecological quality in the Taitema Lake area over the selected 20 years. The change in ecological water conveyance was generally consistent with the change in the ecological environment. It is possible to see that ecological water conveyance plays an extremely important role in restoring ecology. In arid areas with scarce rainfall and insufficient water resources, the most direct and effective method to restore ecology is ecological water conveyance.  
The authors undertook different tasks for this paper. [PERSON] processed the data and wrote the paper. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] analyzed the data. [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] provided direction for the research work. [PERSON] designed the research and revised the paper. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by Science and Technology Planning Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2022 DB023), Key Research and Development Project of Xinjiang (2022B03024-1), National Nature Science Foundation of China (52179028), West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2019-XBQNXZ-A-001), and Xinjiang water conservancy science and technology special funding projects (XSKJ-2023-08).  
All data included in this study are available upon request by contacting the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.