###### Abstract  
In recent years, shield tunneling has shown many advantages with the development of underground rail traffic. Geological exploration plays a significant role in tunnel engineering, and detailed geological exploration results can guide the successful construction of a tunnel. This research relies on a super large-diameter shield tunnel construction, using microtremor exploration technology to collect data onsite. Combined with a comparative analysis of the borehole surveying, the reliability of microtremor exploration technology is verified. Moreover, the monitoring result of the impact of large-diameter slurry balanced shield construction on the surrounding environment is analyzed. The results show that microtremor exploration can obtain geological details that traditional detection methods cannot obtain, which can predict the possible local geology mutation in front of the tunnel in advance. The law of surface settlement curve conforms to the Peck formula. This can be divided into five stages: micro deformation, extrusion uplift, reciprocating uplift, detachment settlement, and consolidation settlement. The surface settlement on the eccentric loads side is more prominent. The maximum pressure outside the tunnel segment appears on the lower side of the monitoring section, approximately 0.41 MPa, which will increase with the grouting pressure and become stable in five days. microtremor exploration; large-diameter shield tunnel; field monitoring; geophysical exploration; surface deformation; earth pressure +
Footnote †: journal: Applied  
conditions, has been widely used compared with other standard geophysical methods. Moreover, the application of high density and high frequency in a particular range makes it possible to draw a three-dimensional geological model [8; 9; 10]. Comprehensive geological survey results can ensure the efficiency and safety of shield construction. However, studies combining the survey results with the adjustment of construction parameters are rare. Since the surface settlement reflects the stability degree of the surrounding ground surface and rock mass, it is essential to analyze them when excavating a large-diameter tunnel. Relying on numerical modeling, many studies have been conducted on surface settlement induced by tunneling [11; 12; 13; 14]. However, the result of the numerical evaluation model is often less accurate than field monitoring. In recent decades, researchers have carried out a large number of case-based studies on the soil deformation law generated by shield tunneling [15; 16; 17; 18; 19]. Their research shows that, when an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield passes through different strata, the disturbance to surrounding soil is also different. The field monitoring results show that, when the shield machine reaches the monitoring section, the ground surface appears to bulge first and then settle. However, the opposite result is true under the large depth of the embedment of the tunnel [16]. There is much research on small-diameter shield tunnels; however, there is less for large ones [20; 21; 22]. Existing research on large-diameter shield tunnels has mainly been conducted under good geological conditions, while there are few research studies on complex geological and surrounding environmental conditions. In addition, the grouting volume and pressure are closely related to the influence of soil deformation, therefore it is necessary to monitor the grouting parameters during shield tunneling [23; 24; 25]. Based on the large-diameter shield tunnel construction with eccentric load on one side, the geological conditions along the shield tunneling direction are predicted in advance through the microtremor exploration system. The results are compared with the sample of traditional drilling exploration. Based on the premise that clear geological conditions guide the timely adjustment of shield tunneling parameters, the practicability and reliability of microtremor exploration are verified.