## 4 Discussion
### General Discussion of the Results
The present phase addresses the remaining five weight categories, which are contiguous in terms of weight, enabling us to analyze whether differences in temporal structure reflect a gradual progression between closely related weights or specific characteristics of each category. Although combining both studies would have increased statistical power, performing a detailed analysis of each set of categories under similar conditions ensures methodological consistency. The main objective of this study was to define the temporal structure of Olympic amateur boxing in the featherweight, lightweight, welterweight, light heavyweight, and heavyweight categories. This analysis allows us to identify the physical efforts made by boxers during a bout and to propose time-structure models that can assist coaches and athletes in optimizing their physical preparation for competition. Below, we discuss the key findings of our study. The results show that, in all the weight categories studied, most bouts end in the third round, with very few ending in the second round. This trend was also observed in our previous study [12] for other weight categories. In this study, we found that in all weight categories, the majority of boxers (over 80%) completed the full duration of the bout, implying that the victory was determined by points. Similar findings were reported by other authors [12; 20]. We also found that few bouts (less than 20%) ended before the full regulatory time, similar to the findings in our previous study [12]. This allows us to analyze the reasons [21] why matches end before the maximum time is consumed. We observed that bouts end early for two main reasons: due to an injury to one of the competitors or because the referee grants victory via technical KO. These reasons were also identified in our previous study [12]. Previous studies also detected other causes, such as KO and forfeiture [12; 22; 23; 24]. The nine regulatory minutes of the bout were reduced by interruptions, without stopping the clock, made by the referee to admonish or verbally warn one or both boxers. The main causes of these interruptions were \"ducking\", \"illegal move\", \"no break\", and \"break\". These results are similar to those found in our previous study [12]. Regarding the temporality and sequentiality of the bout, it is noteworthy that the welterweight category shows a significantly higher number of fight and pause sequences compared to the other categories. These data are even higher than those reported in our previous study [12] in the flyweight, middleweight, and super-heavyweight categories. This may be explained by the fact that this category includes boxers with an intermediate weight, resulting in a greater balance between power and speed of actions, favoring precise and powerful punches. Additionally, the welterweight category has historically been highly competitive, which may lead referees to be less tolerant of certain actions, prioritizing the health of the boxers. We also observed that the duration of fight sequences in the welterweight category (29 s) is significantly lower than in the other categories. These data are similar to those obtained in our previous study [12] in the middleweight category  
In our study, the longest fight sequences occurred in the featherweight category (56 s), likely due to the fact that boxers in this category are more agile and less powerful in their strikes, allowing referees to be more lenient when penalizing, resulting in fewer interruptions. The featherweight category recorded the longest pause sequences (approximately seven seconds). This value is also higher than that observed in other weight categories in our previous study [12]. This may be due to the fact that, when engaging in longer efforts, boxers take advantage of the recovery opportunities that arise when the referee interrupts the bout.