## 5 Conclusions  
This article is based on a GB radar system and conducts research on monitoring the movement speed of glacier termini through interferometry measurements. The system emits SFCW system signals through VNA and operates in the Ku band. After MATLAB signal processing, it can quickly extract the movement speed information of glacier termini. The velocity map extracted from Sentinel-1 satellite remote sensing data and the coherence coefficient results extracted from InSAR during the same period are summarized as follows:  
Based on an independently built GB radar system, the glacier termini movement speed was extracted from two typical areas, Rongbuk Glacier on Mount Qomolangma and Yangbulake Glacier on Mount Muztag Ata, with a sampling time of seconds. The measurement accuracy reached a sub-millimeter level, and the feasibility of the system's interferometric measurement for glacier movement velocity monitoring within a certain range was verified. For debris-covered glaciers like Rongbuk Glacier, the debris at the termini is the thickest, so the glacier movement is slow in this position. Based on satellite remote sensing inversion methods, large-scale and long-term glacier movement monitoring can be achieved, but there is a lack of field validation data. In this field experiment, the glacier movement speed measured by GB radar system interferometry and satellite remote sensing inversion showed spatial differences with elevation. As the altitude increased, the movement speed increased. The consistency between the two methods was high, which was consistent with the actual glacier movement trend in the area. This proved the accuracy of the glacier movement speed results by the GB radar system interferometry measurement and also assisted in verifying the accuracy of satellite remote sensing data inversion. For fast-moving non-debris-covered glaciers like Yangbulake Glacier, glacier surging can easily cause glacier disasters. However, Sentinel-1 and other satellites have a long revisit period, and glacier movement is significant, leading to serious inconsistency in satellite remote sensing data inversion results and making it difficult to meet the short-term and rapid monitoring of glacier movement. GB radar system interferometry can quickly extract glacier movement information, and the fitting of experimental interferometry results is good. This proves that GB radar system interferometry can be an effective supplementary method for monitoring glacier movement changes, making up for the shortcomings of satellite remote sensing inversion. Overall, the GB radar system is easy to carry and install, with a wide range of glacier movement changes that can be monitored in the direction of the radar line of sight, ranging from a few millimeters to several hundred millimeters per day, and monitoring accuracy at the sub-millimeter level. Due to its sub-second sampling time, it can efficiently extract glacier movement information in real-time, and the monitoring process is highly automated, enabling dynamic monitoring of glaciers and providing good data support for analysis and research on hydrological changes, glacier surges, and ice collapse disasters. It has practical engineering significance and provides guidance for related research on the TP region. Conceptualization, L.Z., S.L., and Y.J. ; methodology, L.Z. ; software, L.Z. ; validation, L.Z., Y.L., and X.Z. ; formal analysis, L.Z. and Y.L. ; investigation, L.Z. ; resources, Q.Y. ; data curation, L.Z. ; writing--original draft preparation, L.Z. ; writing--review and editing, Q.Y., S.L., Y.J., and X.Z. ; visualization, L.Z. ; supervision, X.Z. and Q.Y. ; project administration, Q.Y. ; funding acquisition, Q.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP, Grant number 2019 QZKK020202) and the Science and Technology Department of Tibet (XZ202101 ZD0006G).