# Screening of the Honey Aroma as a Potential Essence for the Aromachology
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Kind of** & **Sample** & **Retention** & **Compound** & **Percentage** & **SD** & **Literature** \\
**Honey** & **No.** & **Time (min)** & **Compound** & **Content (\%)** & **SD** & **Literature** \\ \hline
14 & 13.9 & ethyl Benzoate & 7.63 & 2.48 & [16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32] \\
13 & 13.9 & ethyl Benzoate & 1.76 & 0.65 & [16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32] \\
12 & 23.6 & ethyl 4-isopropylbenzoate & 0.43 & 0.13 & – \\
12 & 1.8 & Ethyl acetate & 8.78 & 3.40 & [19, 20, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34] \\
14 & & ethyl Benzeneacetate & 1.70 & 0.29 & – \\
13 & 16.6 & ethyl Benzeneacetate & 0.43 & 0.04 & [22, 24] \\
12 & & ethyl Benzeneacetate & 1.18 & 0.34 & – \\
12 & 17.0 & 2-phenylethyl Acetate & 0.55 & 0.08 & [16, 19, 20, 26, 27] \\
13 & 20.0 & 3,5-Dimethyl-2-octanone & 0.71 & 0.16 & [26] \\
12 & 2.9 & 3-methyl-1-Pentanal & 1.70 & 0.77 & [24] \\
13 & 3-methyl-1-Pentanol & 0.59 & 0.11 & – \\
12 & 4.0 & 3-methyl-1-Pentanol & 4.57 & 0.43 & – \\
15 & 6.2 & 3-methyl-Pentanoic acid & 1.16 & 0.31 & [16, 23, 35] \\
15 & 3.9 & 4,4-Dimethyl-3- & 3.76 & 0.54 & – \\  & & 7- exo-ehenyl- & & & \\
11 & 8.64 & Bicycl[4.2.0]oct-1-ene & 0.85 & 0.05 & – \\
13 & 10.2 & Acetophenone & 0.37 & 0.08 & [15, 24, 27, 28, 36, 37] \\
15 & 1.6 & Dimethyl sulfide & 5.36 & 1.51 & [17, 24, 29, 32, 37] \\ \hline
3 & 9.3 & trans-beta-Ocimene & 0.53 & 0.10 & [19, 20, 23, 27] \\
2 & 21.9 & Tetradecane & 2.42 & 0.28 & [23] \\
4 & 4.9 & Santene & 0.28 & 0.12 & – \\
1 & 13.82 & p-Mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol & 0.59 & 0.05 & – \\
2 & 15.0 & Dodecane & 1.99 & 0.29 & [23, 24, 27] \\
1 & 14.9 & 2-Propylphenol, methyl ether & 0.52 & 0.08 & – \\
3 & 9.6 & 3-Careene & 0.55 & 0.10 & [20] \\
3 & 2.0 & 3-methyl-Butanal & 0.94 & 0.02 & [17, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34] \\
4 & 16.4 & 4-(1-methylethyl)- & 0.23 & 0.00 & – \\ Honeydew & 1 & 8.58 & alpha-Terpinene & 0.57 & 0.04 & [18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 27, 31] \\
3 & 7.8 & beta-Myrcene & 0.92 & 0.20 & [22, 23] \\
1 & 9.0 & beta-Phellandrene & 0.45 & 0.02 & [30] \\
1 & 7.82 & Carveol & 0.77 & 0.01 & [23] \\
1 & 20.5 & Cosemene & 0.84 & 0.09 & [20] \\
3 & 8.9 & D-Limonene & 1.67 & 0.36 & [17, 20, 23, 24, 27, 29, 32] \\
2 & 2 & 2-Mehovy-4-vinylphenol & 0.21 & 0.02 & [24, 35] \\
1 & 19.0 & 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol & 0.41 & 0.00 & [24, 35] \\
1 & 6.7 & 2,4-Thujiadiene & 0.42 & 0.04 & [22, 23] \\
3 & 4.3 & 3-Furanmethanol & 0.79 & 0.28 & – \\
3 & 3.1 & 2,3-Butanediol & 0.69 & 0.07 & [19, 23, 32] \\
3 & 7.4 & 1-Octen-3-ol & 0.86 & 0.18 & [21, 31, 32] \\ \hline
18 & 23.1 & \(\beta\)-Calarene & 2.75 & 0.90 & – \\
20 & & Cyclofenchene & 1.20 & 0.37 & – \\
19 & & Cyclofenchene & 0.64 & 0.04 & – \\
18 & 16.1 & Cyclofenchene & 1.39 & 0.18 & – \\
17 & & Cyclofenchene & 0.59 & 0.09 & – \\
16 & & Cyclofenchene & 0.89 & 0.11 & – \\
20 & & 2-Borrene & 0.68 & 0.42 & – \\
19 & & 2-Borrene & 0.43 & 0.12 & – \\
18 & 16.0 & 2-Borrene & 0.44 & 0.10 & – \\
16 & & 2-Borrene & 0.81 & 0.27 & – \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* The relative content (expressed in percentage) of determined compounds. 2 SD, Standard Deviation (\(n=3\)). 3 Previously identified as VOCs in honey.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._The PCA for four kinds of honey (Figure 1) revealed that 46.42% of the total variation embodied in 15 variables could be effectively condensed into, and explained, by the first two principal components (PCs), with eigenvalues of 4.3 and 2.7, respectively. The results show that the various kinds of honey contain characteristic volatile substances. On the other hand, there were no differences between the tested kinds of honey. The compounds as 3-methyl-1-pentanol, dimethyl ether, p-cymen-8-ol, lilac aldehyde D, and dimethyl sulfide are characteristic for linden honey. The acacia, sunflower, and honeybee honey samples were characterized by lilac aldehyde B, benzaldehyde, furfural, trans-linalool oxide, linalool, acetic acid, and hotrienol. Discriminant analysis was used to classify the tested kinds of honey samples.