## 4 Results and Discussions
The data on entrepreneur have shown that many enterprises in the countries in transition are motivated by necessity. The individuals who set up enterprises in these countries most often are seeing entrepreneurship as an escape from unemployment, and then their survival will negatively affect national competitiveness. Comparatively, in the innovative countries, the companies are predominately motivated by opportunity and follow business opportunities and are interested in obtaining greater profits by applying innovative techniques and processes. Survival of these companies has positive effects on national competitiveness because earnings of opportunity entrepreneurs are significantly higher compared to those of necessity entrepreneurs [62]. Additionally, in the literature it has been shown that the survival rate of enterprises is closely related to the economic and political environment of that country. The relation of the enterprises with the economic environment and some location-specific factors (such as access to markets and financial services) contribute significantly towards explaining their survival probability [63]. In addition, the funding programs offered by different authorities (national, regional or international) have a positive impact on the survival rates of small enterprises during their early years of operation [64; 65]. The economic practice showsthat public policies promoted in EU countries would play a significant role in ensuring the survival of enterprises. Thus, it is found that countries that promote different public policies for sustaining the survival of small businesses on the market have higher survival rates [66]. In our analysis, the survival rate at 3 years and at 5 years has higher values for the innovation countries compared to transition ones. This is usually because the more developed countries recognise the role played by the enterprises in economic development and promote public policies to support their survival. The European Commission programme 'Early Warning Europe: helping small and medium-sized enterprises to survive and prosper' emphasises that early intervention can rescue companies in financial difficulties and bring positive results, turning around their economic performance. The programme was launched in December 2016 and has the purpose of helping companies avoid bankruptcy by identifying which ones face difficulties and giving them relevant and timely advice and support. In the last 3 years, the 'Early Warning Europe' project helped more than 3300 companies from four target countries, namely: Greece, Italy, Poland and Spain. In addition, the project is in the process of launching in another six European countries: Croatia, Finland, Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg and Slovenia [66]. _Employment share at 3 years_ has a negative relationship with national competitiveness for all the groups of countries. The increase in employment share at 3 years would reflect a deterioration of the entrepreneurial perspective, and a reduction in the number of employees in older companies on the market, either due to their exit from the market or due to a reduction in the number of jobs, or in the conditions of restricting their activity. Negative evolution of the old companies will have negative effects on national competitiveness. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because labour migration (from older to younger enterprises) may be due to innovation embodied in automation and robotisation of production lines (resulting in redundancies). Our empirical results (see Table 5) show that this approach is all the more justified as the impact of employment share at 3 years is higher for innovative countries. The literature on job creation provides evidence that small enterprises and newly formed enterprises create a substantial number of new jobs. Several studies emphasise that small and new enterprises are the source for most of the new jobs created [43; 67]. Small enterprises are indeed driving forces of aggregate employment growth.