## 3 Results and Discussion
### Influence of foliar Ca, Si and Ca + Si Treatments on Grape Phenolic Compounds  
Table 3 shows the results of grape phenolic composition in control and foliar-treated grapevines. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline  & **Control** & **Ca** & **Si** & **Ca + Si** \\ \hline _Anthloquaints_ & & & & \\ Delphinidin-3-glc & 78.63 \(\pm\) 7.06 a & 73.38 \(\pm\) 16.52 a & 117.93 \(\pm\) 13.51 b & 93.43 \(\pm\) 8.72 ab \\ Cyanidin-3-glc & 13.36 \(\pm\) 0.27 a & 11.78 \(\pm\) 3.35 a & 25.50 \(\pm\) 7.91 b & 16.47 \(\pm\) 4.16 ab \\ Petunidin-3-glc & 61.52 \(\pm\) 3.98 a & 59.88 \(\pm\) 11.44 a & 50.19 \(\pm\) 56.05 a & 72.35 \(\pm\) 3.09 a \\ Peonidin-3-glc & 26.46 \(\pm\) 1.77 a & 27.53 \(\pm\) 7.04 a & 44.99 \(\pm\) 13.29 a & 35.04 \(\pm\) 0.83 a \\ Malvidin-3-glc & 188.29 \(\pm\) 8.85 a & 217.85 \(\pm\) 27.95 a & 216.19 \(\pm\) 4.13 a & 225.16 \(\pm\) 47.53 a \\ Delphinidin-3-acglc & 7.59 \(\pm\) 0.56 a & 7.56 \(\pm\) 0.80 a & 8.55 \(\pm\) 0.29 a & 8.04 \(\pm\) 0.55 a \\ Cyanidin-3-acglc & 3.86 \(\pm\) 0.04 a & 3.83 \(\pm\) 0.14 a & 3.79 \(\pm\) 0.17 a & 3.84 \(\pm\) 0.04 a \\ Petunidin-3-acglc & 5.89 \(\pm\) 0.34 a & 5.82 \(\pm\) 0.44 a & 6.05 \(\pm\) 0.08 a & 6.05 \(\pm\) 0.36 a \\ Penonidin-3-acglc & 16.72 \(\pm\) 0.57 a & 16.07 \(\pm\) 1.86 a & 18.33 \(\pm\) 1.12 a & 17.62 \(\pm\) 1.24 a \\ Malvidin-3-acglc & 3.68 \(\pm\) 0.11 a & 3.64 \(\pm\) 0.08 a & 3.54 \(\pm\) 0.11 a & 3.61 \(\pm\) 0.03 a \\ Delphinidin-3-cmglc & 11.23 \(\pm\) 1.01 a & 12.89 \(\pm\) 0.81 a & 10.92 \(\pm\) 11.5 a & 12.33 \(\pm\) 1.02 a \\ Cyanidin-3-cmglc & 5.30 \(\pm\) 0.13 ab & 4.82 \(\pm\) 0.38 a & 6.22 \(\pm\) 0.63 b & 5.61 \(\pm\) 0.81 ab \\ Petunidin-3-cmglc & 4.14 \(\pm\) 0.09 a & 4.33 \(\pm\) 0.22 a & 3.71 \(\pm\) 0.06 a & 4.23 \(\pm\) 0.48 a \\ Penonidin-3-cmglc & 13.96 \(\pm\) 0.17 a & 14.21 \(\pm\) 2.08 a & 14.57 \(\pm\) 1.19 a & 14.56 \(\pm\) 0.53 a \\ Malvidin-3-_cis_-cmglc & 4.92 \(\pm\) 0.31 ab & 5.18 \(\pm\) 0.16 b & 4.38 \(\pm\) 0.17 a & 4.98 \(\pm\) 0.48 ab \\ Malvidin-3-_trans_-cmglc & 9.03 \(\pm\) 0.42 a & 9.14 \(\pm\) 1.01 a & 10.44 \(\pm\) 0.73 a & 10.41 \(\pm\) 0.24 a \\ Malvidin-3-cfglc & 55.04 \(\pm\) 3.91 a & 62.37 \(\pm\) 8.52 a & 49.38 \(\pm\) 11.05 a & 58.57 \(\pm\) 11.17 a \\ _Total_ & & _509.62 \(\pm\) 15.49 a_ & _540.28 \(\pm\) 68.71 a_ & _594.69 \(\pm\) 82.25 a_ & 592.32 \(\pm\) 40.16 \(a\) \\ \hline _Flavonols_ & & & & \\ Myricetin-3-glcU+3-gal & 23.61 \(\pm\) 1.16 a & 32.53 \(\pm\) 7.83 a & 29.08 \(\pm\) 1.15 a & 31.82 \(\pm\) 3.84 a \\ Myricetin-3-glc & 78.09 \(\pm\) 2.09 a & 111.54 \(\pm\) 32.97 a & 110.22 \(\pm\) 8.88 a & 121.79 \(\pm\) 16.72 a \\ Quercetin-3-glcU & 27.17 \(\pm\) 2.55 a & 42.39 \(\pm\) 17.18 a & 36.57 \(\pm\) 4.26 a & 35.06 \(\pm\) 3.43 a \\ Quercetin-3-glc & 31.39 \(\pm\) 5.88 a & 50.16 \(\pm\) 23.86 a & 49.84 \(\pm\) 4.98 a & 61.51 \(\pm\) 12.84 a \\ Laricitrin-3-glc & 13.31 \(\pm\) 0.59 a & 21.15 \(\pm\) 5.21 ab & 20.06 \(\pm\) 1.54 ab & 23.91 \(\pm\) 4.28 b \\ Kaempfer-3-gal & 8.30 \(\pm\) 0.02 a & 8.64 \(\pm\) 0.17 a & 8.99 \(\pm\) 0.55 a & 9.30 \(\pm\) 0.74 a \\ Kaempfer-3-glcU+3-glc & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.20 a & 3.74 \(\pm\) 2.55 a & 2.70 \(\pm\) 0.25 a & 4.13 \(\pm\) 1.65 a \\ Isorhammetin-3-glc & 3.05 \(\pm\) 0.92 a & 4.91 \(\pm\) 2.12 a & 9.29 \(\pm\) 0.56 b & 11.78 \(\pm\) 1.66 b \\ Syringetin-3-glc & 7.71 \(\pm\) 0.35 a & 12.75 \(\pm\) 3.74 a & 12.11 \(\pm\) 1.81 a & 15.74 \(\pm\) 4.55 a \\ _Total_ & 195.55 \(\pm\) 9.54 \(a\) & _287.80 \(\pm\) 9.41 2 a_ & _278.85 \(\pm\) 17.29 a_ & _315.04 \(\pm\) 48.23 a_ \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Phenolic compound concentration (mg/kg) in grapes from control and Ca, Si and Ca + Si foliar treatments. Phenolic compounds are related to wine quality since these compounds affect color, mouthfeel, and wine aging potential. Regarding anthocyanins, Ca sprays only increased the malvidin-3-cis-cmglc concentration of grapes in comparison with the Si treatment, whereas differences with control and Ca + Si grapes concentrations were not found (Table 3).