# Differences Research on Human Overall Comfort Under Low Pressure
###### Abstract
They confirmed that the effects of sound pressure and light intensity were not always significant, while thermal stress played a significant role in people's overall comfort [13]. [PERSON]'s research implied that temperature had a cross-effect on acoustic and visual comfort, and both sound level and illuminance had a cross-effect on thermal comfort [14]. [PERSON] investigated the effects of thermal-acoustic environments on human comfort. They thought acoustic comfort evaluations were generally higher in colder and warmer environments [15]. [PERSON] considered acoustic and thermal comfort as having a one-vote veto tendency relative to overall comfort but no absolute veto power. Thermal comfort was the most important factor affecting overall comfort in summer, while acoustic comfort was the most important in spring [16]. Meanwhile, [PERSON]'s investigation showed that the one-vote veto effect was present [17; 18]. [PERSON] studied people's subjective and physiological responses to combined thermal-acoustic environments. They suggested that the acoustic environment and thermal environment should be considered comprehensively when creating a comfortable indoor environment and that music can be used to improve indoor environment satisfaction to save energy in a building [19; 20]. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on indoor environments' overall comfort where people make short-term stops, such as in airport lounges, train carriages, and aircraft cabins [21]. [PERSON]. [22] conducted objective parameter measurements and used subjective questionnaires in airport terminals in eight different building thermal zones in China. The study adopted the Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) system for evaluating a built environment after its use. Based on the results, it was considered that the thermal environment and air quality were two key factors affecting overall satisfaction. At the same time, it was also found that changes in the level of thermal environment satisfaction were not significant compared with changes in the thermal qualification rate. [PERSON]. [23], on the one hand, investigated the actual indoor air quality in Chinese airport terminals by combining objective measurements and subjective surveys. On the other hand, [PERSON] et al. clarified the impact of single factors in indoor environmental quality on passengers' overall comfort. [PERSON]. [24] studied the overall comfort evaluation for high-speed railway passengers. Their findings demonstrated that emotional regulation and seat improvements were key factors for the future improvement of HSR passengers' overall comfort. Previous studies have conducted in-depth research on human overall comfort evaluation in indoor environments. However, under low-pressure conditions such as aircraft cabins and high-altitude trains, low pressure significantly impacts human physiological mechanisms [25; 26; 27], thereby influencing human overall comfort. Currently, research on human overall comfort under low pressure remains limited, with most studies focusing on the effects of a single factor under low pressure [28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35]. Moreover, the combined effects of thermal, luminous, acoustic, and low-pressure conditions on human overall comfort evaluation have not been thoroughly explored. This paper aims to study human overall comfort in thermal, luminous, and acoustic environments under different pressure conditions and to establish overall comfort evaluation models under standard atmospheric pressure and low-pressure conditions. Based on the evaluation models, the parameter ranges of comfort are determined, and commonly used nomograms are presented. This study will provide references for the design of low-pressure environments such as aircraft cockpits and high-altitude trains.