# Efficient Inorganic Stabilization Materials for Chromium and Arsenic Pollution in Water and Soil
## 5 Conclusions
It is recommended that wet-dry cycle experiments be utilized to simulate the stabilization capacity of chromium and arsenic pollutants and structural changes of materials under periodic wetting-drying effects. * Currently, research on chromium and arsenic stabilization materials requires the establishment of unified performance evaluation standards and engineering application guidelines. In the future, a standardized framework systematically covering material screening, stabilization efficiency verification, and environmental risk control should be developed. Firstly, it is necessary to clarify material application parameters for different contaminated sites (such as acidic mine drainage, alkaline tailings ponds, etc.) and establish standardized stabilization experimental methods. Secondly, an evaluation standard should be developed to define reasonable thresholds for long-term leaching concentration, occurrence forms, and ecological toxicity of chromium and arsenic. * The breakthrough of chromium and arsenic stabilization technologies requires the deep integration of environmental engineering, materials science, and geology. Future research requires the construction of a multidisciplinary cross-disciplinary framework: the discipline of environmental engineering should focus on analyzing the migration and transformation laws of pollutants, providing environmental data for material design; materials science needs to be combined with geological mineralization principles to develop mineralized materials and enhance their ability to stabilize chromium and arsenic; geology needs to intervene in the study of hydrogeochemical characteristics of the site and predict the geological compatibility of stabilization materials through models. * The green transformation of chromium and arsenic stabilization materials has become an important trend. Future research will focus on developing environmentally friendly and low-energy inorganic stabilizers, with priority given to using industrial solid waste such as red mud and fly ash or natural minerals (such as attapulge and sepiolite) as matrix materials, and improving their ability to stabilize heavy metals of chromium and arsenic through modification, to achieve the goal of \"treating waste with waste\". This article systematically introduces the remediation techniques and materials for chromium and arsenic pollution, with a focus on analyzing the stability mechanism, treatment efficiency, and application potential of inorganic stabilization materials. Research should prioritize the development of multifunctional composite materials, evaluate their long-term stability under dynamic environmental conditions, and optimize material properties through in-depth research on environmental compatibility, large-scale production processes, and cost reduction. These efforts will advance chromium/arsenic remediation technology, promote sustainable use of water and soil resources, and maintain ecological security and human health. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, A.W. and Y.W. ; methodology, Z.D. ; software, A.W. ; validation, Y.W. and S.M. ; formal analysis, A.W. ; investigation, Y.W. ; resources, H.F.; data curation, A.W. ; writing--original draft preparation, A.W. ; writing--review and editing, A.W. ; visualization, A.W. ; project administration, H.F.; funding acquisition, H.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022 YFC3702300). **Data Availability Statement:** No primary research results, software or code have been included and no new data were generated or analysed as part of this review. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.