## 4 Discussion  
The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the oil and gas industry is significantly transforming production operations, offering substantial improvements in efficiency, safety, and decision-making. The following are some of the key applications of AI in the production context [8,15]:  
* Operations Optimization: AI is utilized to optimize production processes by analyzing vast amounts of operational data. Machine learning algorithms can predict demand patterns, adjust operational parameters in real-time, and identify opportunities to increase the efficiency of equipment and systems. This results in better resource allocation and maximization of production. * Predictive Maintenance: Instead of adopting a reactive approach to maintenance, AI enables the implementation of predictive maintenance, allowing for proactive maintenance strategies. AI models analyze sensor data and historical failures to predict when and where potential failures are likely to occur. This enables proactive interventions, reducing downtime and costs associated with unexpected repairs. * Reservoir Management: AI enhances reservoir management through advanced modeling and simulation techniques. AI algorithms can analyze seismic, drilling, and production data to create more accurate reservoir models. These models help predict reservoir behavior and optimize extraction strategies. * Image and Video Analysis: AI-based computer vision techniques are utilized to monitor and inspect equipment and facilities in real time. Automatic analysis of images and videos helps identify flaws, corrosion, or other visual issues that may impact operations. This contributes to more efficient maintenance and rapid response to emerging problems. * Safety and Control: AI improves operational safety by analyzing real-time data to identify patterns and early warning signs that may indicate hazardous conditions. AI systems can predict and prevent accidents by continuously monitoring working conditions and implementing automatic controls to mitigate risks. Integrating AI into production operations in the oil and gas sector not only improves efficiency and safety but also contributes to greater sustainability and cost reduction. As technology advances, AI is expected to play an increasingly crucial role in evolving production practices and addressing emerging industry challenges. Digital transformation in the oil and gas industry has driven profound changes in drilling and production operations, significantly enhancing efficiency, safety, and predictability. This study examined the latest and most innovative applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and other digital technologies in exploration and production (E&P) processes, focusing on solutions for recurring problems and optimization of resources and equipment [39]. The key findings of this research highlight how AI, combined with advanced sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data technologies, is reshaping operations in oil fields. Machine learning applications have proven especially effective in identifying and predicting equipment failures, such as in drilling, where AI-based systems can forecast pipe sticking and instabilities, allowing real-time adjustments [28]. In production operations, digital technologies facilitate the anticipation of flow issues and the formation of blockages, such as hydrates and scaling, which can disrupt production. Deep learning techniques applied to real-time data from sensors installed on production equipment enable the prediction of these occurrences, allowing for preventive measures. This process results in more efficient maintenance and reduced downtime, ensuring a more continuous and reliable production [22]. The importance of the oil and gas sector in creating jobs and investment in local economies is highlighted.