# A Domain-Driven Framework to Analyze Learning Dynamics in MOOCs through Event Abstraction
## 3 Domain-Driven Event Abstraction Framework
### Stage 3: High-Level Log  
The low-level event log obtained in stage two is similar to the input that a non-expert user in process mining would normally use in a tool such as Disco or ProM. However, due to the large number of resources and variants produced by this type of log, obtaining \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**User** & **Resource** & **Timestamp** & **Order** & **Type** & **State** & **Session** \\ \hline [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Guitar parts & 2020/05/28 13:05:10 & 1 & Content & Started & 1 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Posture & 2020/05/28 13:05:18 & 2 & Content & Started & 1 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Picking & 2020/05/28 13:06:02 & 3 & Content & Started & 1 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar basics: Identifying notes & 2020/05/28 13:06:30 & 4 & Content & Started & 1 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Guitar parts & 2020/05/30 12:30:22 & 1 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Guitar parts & 2020/05/30 12:33:01 & 1 & Content & Completed & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Posture & 2020/05/30 12:35:18 & 2 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Picking & 2020/05/30 12:38:25 & 3 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Picking & 2020/05/30 12:40:32 & 3 & Content & Completed & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar basics: Left hand technique & 2020/05/30 12:45:49 & 5 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar basics: Left hand technique & 2020/05/30 12:49:42 & 5 & Content & Completed & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Guitar parts & 2020/05/30 12:58:12 & 1 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Posture & 2020/05/30 12:59:01 & 2 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Picking & 2020/05/30 12:59:37 & 3 & Content & Started & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Guitar Basics: Picking & 2020/05/30 13:05:09 & 3 & Content & Completed & 2 \\ [PERSON] & Chord diagrams & 2020/06/01 16:58:51 & 10 & Content & Started & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Cowboy Chords & 2020/06/01 17:19:13 & 11 & Content & Started & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Cowboy Chords & 2020/06/01 17:28:13 & 11 & Content & Completed & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Chords & 2020/06/01 17:30:00 & 12 & Assessment & Started & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Chords & 2020/06/01 17:36:28 & 12 & Assessment & Completed & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Power Chords & 2020/06/01 17:37:23 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Power Chords & 2020/06/01 17:45:59 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 5 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Chords & 2020/06/01 17:47:39 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 6 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Chords & 2020/06/02 09:10:29 & 12 & Assessment & Started & 6 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Power Chords & 2020/06/02 09:12:22 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 6 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Power Chords & 2020/06/02 09:15:41 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 6 \\ [PERSON] & Recognizing Power Chords & 2020/06/02 09:18:41 & 13 & Assessment & Started & 6 \\... &... &... &... &... &... &... \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* A typical event log; it should be noted that the “Resource” column is commonly used as an activity in process mining; however, the amount of possible resources and freedom of navigation that MOOCs give their students produces too many different paths when trying to discover a process model from it.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Example of an event log fragment. process-driven insights is a challenging task. As a consequence, the framework's third stage describes seven high-level activities, each of which represents a distinct learning dynamic that reflects learner behavior independent of the resources consumed. We identify four dynamics relating to content consumption, or as [31] defines it, _\"content related activities\"_, and three dynamics involving interaction with evaluations, or _\"graded assessment activities\"_ according to [31]. * **Progressing** : This shows the learning dynamic of a student who consumes a resource and then moves on to the next resource in the course in the right order.