## 3 Results  
All removed implants were successfully replaced with new implants, regardless of the bone grafting procedure. Immediate reconstruction in Group 3 did not result in uneventful healing. The alveolar ridge width at 1 mm below the crest was 12.7 \(\pm\) 3.3 mm in Group 1, 9.4 \(\pm\) 1.8 mm in Group 2, and 7.9 \(\pm\) 1.2 mm in Group 3 (\(p\) > 0.05), with no significant differences among the groups. Similarly, the alveolar ridge width at different depths below the crest showed no significant differences among the groups (\(p\) > 0.05). At 3 mm below the crest, the alveolar ridge width was 13.9 \(\pm\) 3.7 mm in Group 1, 10.6 \(\pm\) 2.9 mm in Group 2, and 9.0 \(\pm\) 0.4 mm in Group 3. At 5 mm below the crest, the ridge width measured 14.6 \(\pm\) 4.0 mm in Group 1, 12.3 \(\pm\) 1.3 mm in Group 2, and 10.6 \(\pm\) 1.5 mm in Group 3. At 7 mm below the crest, the values were 13.1 \(\pm\) 4.0 mm in Group 1, 13.0 \(\pm\) 1.4 mm in Group 2, and 11.0 \(\pm\) 1.4 mm in Group 3. While no significant differences were observed in alveolar ridge width across the groups, differences were noted in ridge height. Buccal ridge height was 11.1 \(\pm\) 4.8 mm (Group 1), 24.0 \(\pm\) 0.1 mm (Group 2), and 22.4 \(\pm\) 4.1 mm (Group 3) (\(p\) < 0.05), indicating a significant difference among groups. Palatal/lingual ridge height was 9.8 \(\pm\) 8.6 mm (Group 1), 26.1 \(\pm\) 2.5 mm (Group 2), and 24.1 \(\pm\) 2.7 mm (Group 3) (\(p\) > 0.05), with no significant differences.  
A reduction in alveolar ridge width at 1 mm below the crest was observed between T1 and T0 (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0), particularly in Group 1 (Figure 3A). The mean change in alveolar ridge width at 1 mm below the crest (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0) was \(-\)5.1 \(\pm\) 3.7 mm in Group 1, 1.1 \(\pm\) 2.6 mm in Group 2, and \(-\)1.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 mm in Group 3. Between T2 and T1 (\(\Delta\)T2 \(-\) T1), the changes in alveolar ridge width at 1 mm below the crest were 1.0 \(\pm\) 2.0 mm (Group 1), \(-\)0.8 \(\pm\) 0.7 mm (Group 2), and 0.3 \(\pm\) 0.1 mm (Group 3). Similarly, a reduction in alveolar ridge width at 3 mm below the crest was noted between T1 and T0 (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0), particularly in Group 1 (Figure 3B). The mean change in alveolar ridge width at 3 mm below the crest (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0) was \(-\)4.2 \(\pm\) 2.4 mm in Group 1, 1.2 \(\pm\) 3.1 mm in Group 2, and 0.2 \(\pm\) 2.0 mm in Group 3. Between T2 and T1 (\(\Delta\)T2 \(-\) T1), the changes in alveolar ridge width at 3 mm below the crest were 0.1 \(\pm\) 1.8 mm (Group 1), \(-\)0.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 mm (Group 2), and \(-\)1.4 \(\pm\) 2.9 mm (Group 3). Changes in alveolar ridge width at 5 mm and 7 mm below the crest are presented in Figure 3C,D.  
Figure 3: _Cont._Figure 3: _Cont._  
Changes in buccal ridge height across time points are presented in Figure 3E. A reduction in buccal ridge height between T1 and T0 (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0) was observed, particularly in Group 1. In contrast, an increase in buccal ridge height was most pronounced in Group 2. Changes in palatal/lingual ridge height across time points are shown in Figure 3F. A significant increase in palatal/lingual ridge height between T1 and T0 (\(\Delta\)T1 \(-\) T0) was observed in Group 2.