## 2 Methods
### Final SEM  
Figure 2 depicts the finalized model based on the results of the hypothesis test. Work environment has been shown to have an effect on musculoskeletal pain (standardized path coefficient (\(\beta\)) = 0.177). This means that the worse the work environment, the more it affects musculoskeletal pain. Work-family conflict has a \(\beta\) of 0.124, indicating that increased work-family conflict is associated with higher levels of musculoskeletal pain. Meanwhile, musculoskeletal pain is more influenced by the work environment than by work-family conflict.  
Work-family conflict affects sleep-related problems (\(\beta\) = 0.220). It can be inferred that as work-family conflict becomes more serious, sleep-related problems also become more severe. Musculoskeletal pain also appeared to have an impact on sleep-related problems (\(\beta\) = 0.331). As musculoskeletal pain worsens, sleep-related problems also become more severe. Also, sleep-related problems appeared to be more affected by musculoskeletal pain than by work-family conflict. On the other hand, the work environment did not appear to have an effect on sleep-related problems.  
Musculoskeletal pain affects burnout (\(\beta\) = 0.154). Thus, as musculoskeletal pain becomes more severe, it affects burnout. Sleep-related issues have a significant impact on burnout, with a \(\beta\) of 0.288. This indicates that as sleep-related problems worsen, their effect on burnout intensifies. In particular, burnout appeared to be more impacted by sleep-related problems than by musculoskeletal pain.  
As for work environment variables, 'noise' (0.822) and 'vibration' (0.755) were found to have a significant influence, and work-family conflict was found to have a substantial impact on 'concentration' (0.934) and'responsibility' (0.906). Musculoskeletal pain showed a close relationship with 'upper limb pain' (0.756) and 'back pain' (0.722), and sleep-related problems were highly influential with 'waking up constantly' (0.896) and 'difficulty falling  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Hypothesis**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Paths**} & **Standardized Path** & **Standardized Coefficient (\(\lambda\))** & **Critical Ratio** & \multirow{2}{*}{**\(p\)-Value**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Result**} \\  & & **Coefficient** & & & & \\ \hline H1 & Work environment & 0.177 & 0.227 & 3.036 & 0.002 * & Supported \\ H2 & -\(>\) Musculoskeletal pain & 0.124 & 0.065 & 2.398 & 0.011 * & Supported \\ H3 & -\(>\) Musculoskeletal pain & 0.094 & 0.242 & 1.871 & 0.061 & Not supported \\ H4 & -\(>\) Sleep-related problems & 0.220 & 0.232 & 4.760 & \textless{}0.001 * & Supported \\ H5 & -\(>\) Sleep-related problems & 0.331 & 0.668 & 6.060 & \textless{}0.001 * & Supported \\ H6 & Musculoskeletal pain & 0.154 & 0.351 & 2.731 & 0.006 * & Supported \\ H7 & Sleep-related problems & 0.288 & 0.325 & 5.329 & \textless{}0.001 * & Supported \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
asleep' (0.814). Lastly, the burnout variables 'drained' (0.904)' (0.904) and 'exhaustion' (0.889) were found to have a significant influence.  
Work environment variables were found to be closely related to 'noise' (0.822) and 'vibration' (0.755), and work-family conflict was found to be closely related to 'concentration' (0.934) and'responsibility'. (0.906). Musculoskeletal pain showed a close relationship with 'upper limb pain' (0.756) and 'back pain' (0.722), and sleep-related problems were closely related to 'waking up repeatedly' (0.896) and 'difficulty falling asleep' (0.814). Lastly, the burnout variable was found to be closely related to 'drained' (0.904) and 'exhaustion' (0.889).