# Efficient Secure Routing Mechanisms for the Low-Powered IoT Network: A Literature Review
## 2 IoT in Industry 4.0  
A company should adapt its manufacturing and logistics processes to follow emerging technology in this modern era. Profitability and cost-effectiveness have increased as business has expanded. Customer-centric development methods should be included, and internal business agility should be prioritized. Similarly, the transformation of all social and business structures around digital communication can be described as \"digitalization.\" Digital innovations are incorporated into corporate activity by digitalizing all conceivable operations [20]. However, IoT provides the opportunity to view data from anywhere and share data between computers, devices, and nodes. Manufacturing processes are interconnected and there are real-time flows between all aspects of the supply chain [21]. The IIoT is a particular IoT field that emphasizes its implementations and uses for new industries and intellectual development. It is a dynamic structure with a wide range of processes. Besides, it is a central feature of the manufacturing sphere and is closely tied to the fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0) [22]. It combines several cutting-edge critical technologies to produce a system that outperforms the sum of its parts. This one-of-a-kind domain stands out for its many innovative applications and services and its myriad integrated appliances and modern manufacturing operations [23]. Through the use of  
Figure 3: Research collection mechanism. core technologies such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs); IoT; autonomous, scalable, cooperative robotics; the Internet of Services (IoS); simulations that exploit real-time data to create a computer model that reflects the actual world; big data analytics; and enhanced re-assembly, IR 4.0 aims to improve and update existing production plants, maintenance and management processes, and technology to an intellectual level [24]. The term \"responsibility\" refers to determining whether a person is responsible for their actions. A top-down and bottom-up system would create an integrated network that helps an automated supply chain build skills, functions, divisions, and companies. The presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data from various sources, including industrial processes, warehouses, and corporate consumer information systems, has become the norm in IR 4.0 to aid real-time decision-making. Networking technology, smartphones, sensors, applications, middleware, and storage devices are all included. Simply put, Industry 4.0 alters both living and working practices. However, a new era in human history becomes possible through technological developments comparable to the first, second, and third industrial revolutions. They provide more automation and act as a bridge between the physical and digital worlds by using a cyber-physical system (CPS), which is a fundamental component of the smart factory as envisioned by Industry 4.0. CPS is a manufacturing system that uses sensors and software throughout the manufacturing process. Sensors collect and preserve data, which is subsequently analyzed by a computer to make various decisions. These decisions immediately impact the physical system via actuators and human-machine interfaces. Furthermore, CPS enhances automated machines with the help of industrial IoT. CPS also collects and distributes data from and about the plant's assets and locations. Therefore, various approaches (cloud computing, AI, and machine learning) have been utilized to analyze this data and make decisions that improve system optimization. CPS and IoT work in tandem to develop smart factories. These competitive factories have decreased downtime, increased efficiency, produced better products, and increased output [21]. A modified version of AntHocNet offers a unique routing mechanism for FANET. Compared to other traditional optimal path selection strategies, ant colony optimization, or metaheuristics in general, it has proven more reliable and effective.