## 1 Introduction
[17,18] regarded the friction heat generation between the roller and the inner (outer) ring raceway as the moving heat source and calculated the two-dimensional temperature field distribution of the bearing assembly based on the finite element method. [PERSON] et al. [19] conducted experiments to acquire temperature histories at several locations on a stationary bearing subjected to heat sources imbedded in two rollers. [PERSON] et al. [20] presented a unified method to predict nonlinear thermal characteristics of a high-speed spindle bearing subjected to a preload. Under the conditions of high speed and light load, rolling bearing skidding often occurs. Skidding is a tribodynamic phenomenon, occurring due to the sliding of rollers in the direction of motion, whilst rollers enter the high-load contact zone with insufficient lubrication. Many researchers have studied the skidding of rolling bearings. [PERSON] [21] proposed an analytical method to predict the skidding of high speed rolling bearing(HSRB) under medium-load and overloaded conditions. [PERSON] et al. [22] presented a numerical model of a rolling bearing for mechanical event simulations, which they developed with the finite element method to study sliding between the rollers and races. [PERSON] et al. [23] investigated skidding during rolling element bearing acceleration, taking account of the contact force and friction force between the rolling elements and the races, as well as the cage, gravity, and the centrifugal force of the rolling elements. [PERSON] et al. [24] proposed a nonlinear dynamic model for angular contact ball bearings. The results have shown that combined loads (both axial and radial loads in operation) lead to distinct fluctuations in the slipping velocity of the rolling ball. In addition, [PERSON] et al. [25] established a nonlinear dynamic model for skidding behavior of the cylindrical roller bearing, and analyzed the skidding behavior of cylindrical roller bearings under time-variable load conditions. The skidding damage has become one of the main reasons for the failure of high-speed rolling bearings. Skid damage is mostly thermal failure where metal-to-metal contact occurs in the contact area of the bearing ring and roller; this can result in a sharp temperature rise and material transfer, and the damage can quickly extend to the whole contact area [26]. Skidding will cause the bearing's temperature to rise and greatly affect its service reliability, even resulting in bearing failure. Scholars have carried out numerous researches in the thermal analysis of rolling bearings, but many studies have not paid attention on the skidding phenomenon in the thermal effect. The influence mechanisms between the skidding and thermal distribution characteristics of high-speed and light-load rolling bearings (HSLLRBs) have not been studied in depth. In addition, owing to the difficulty of installing sensors inside the bearing, the temperature of the bearing outer ring has been mostly measured and adopted in the past. Still, the most important temperature in the contact area of the roller and the inner ring raceways is difficult to obtain. Therefore, the temperature generation and its evolution law of rolling bearings under skidding conditions are studied in this manuscript, and a new method to analyze the friction power loss and temperature distribution of HSLLRBs is established. The main object of the study is to reveal the coupling relationship between skidding and thermal distribution, so as to study the influence mechanism of slip ratio, rotation speed, load, and lubrication on the temperature field distribution of a bearing.