## 3 Results and Discussion
### Strategies Assessment for Solar Shading Management and Solar Control Film Installation  
The strategies simulated with the thermal model of the building, did not involve the HVAC (heating system) and the envelope (walls or roof) because the entire building is heritage listed, which excludes this type of intervention. For these reasons, the strategies referred only to the solar shading of the windows of the hall, in particular the control of existing solar shadings of the lower windows (internal shutters) and the addition of solar control films for all the windows. For a better comprehension of the results, each strategy is defined as follows:  
* _Current state_: simulation of the actual conditions of the hall (non-occupancy);
* _Slutter closure_: simulation of total closure of the shutters on the lower windows;
* _Solar control films_: simulation of the installation of films on the windows on the mezzanine level;  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Meetings**} \\ \hline  & **(a)** & **(b)** & **(c)** & **(d)** \\  & **October** & **January** & **February** & **March** \\ \hline Duration (min) & 60 & 150 & 120 & 135 \\ No. of people (-) & 70 & 15 & 15 & 30 \\ Initial CO\({}_{2}\) level (ppm) & 547 & 437 & 474 & 460 \\ Final CO\({}_{2}\) level (ppm) & 1058 & 1056 & 1108 & 1220 \\ V\({}_{\text{increase}}\) (ppm/min) & 9 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\ Window opening (min) & 90 & 15 & 30 & 15 \\ CO\({}_{2}\) level after opening windows (ppm) & 956 & 1016 & 1024 & 1187 \\ V\({}_{\text{decrease}}\) with open windows (ppm/min) & 1 & 3 & 3 & 2 \\ Time of recovery of the initial CO\({}_{2}\) level (hrs) & 40 & 26 & 24 & 33 \\ V\({}_{\text{decrease}}\) with closed windows (ppm/min) & 0.2 & 0.4 & 0.3 & 0.4 \\ \hline Estimated final CO\({}_{2}\) (ppm) & 879 (\(-\)17\%) & 799 (\(-\)24\%) & 790 (\(-\)29\%) & 775 (\(-\)36\%) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 11: Features of chosen events.  
* _Combined_: simulation of combined strategies. The results of the simulations in terms of temperature trend calculated on a daily average showed trends very similar to each other, but in warmer periods the effects of the strategies are more evident. For this reason, attention was focused on some weeks in spring and summer that were considered typical, calculating temperature trends on an hourly basis (Figure 13).  
As can be seen from the graphs in Figure 13, the temperature trends of the separate strategies involving the complete closure of the shutters and the installation of solar control films are completely comparable in terms of average indoor temperature: in both seasons, the decrease is about 0.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C. However, the local effect could be different because the solar films should allow a significant reduction of solar radiation on the mezzanine level (in front of the windows). Instead, if the two strategies are considered together, temperature values are about 1 \({}^{\circ}\)C lower than actual trends. Finally, the simulations demonstrated that the chosen strategies chosen did not guarantee relevant effects in terms of a decrease in temperature trend, but their contribution is undoubtedly appreciable in mitigating solar radiation and its effects in terms of illuminance.