## 3 Results and Discussion
### Uptake Translocation of Antibiotics into Water Lettuce and Parrot Father  
In the harvest stage of the plant, we analyzed the SMZ, NOR, and TC contents of water lettuce and parrot feather. The results clearly indicated that the three antibiotics were taken up by both plants. Further, the uptake translocation of antibiotics was positively correlated with antibiotic concentration, a finding that is similar to those of previous studies [15,16]. None of the three antibiotics were detected in the shoots of the water lettuce plants, only in the root. However, in the parrot feather plants, antibiotics were detected in both the shoots and the roots, with higher amounts detected in the shoots than in the roots. Most SMZ and TC were detected in the roots and shoots of the water lettuce and parrot feather plants, and about one-third of the treated amount of NOR was detected (Figure 5). The low NOR uptake by plants is associated with water solubility. In this study, we found that the uptake translocation mechanisms of parrot feather differed from those of water lettuce. The antibiotics were taken up and transported via mass flow and active transport [15]. In general, there is a close correlation between antibiotic uptake translocation into plants and the antibiotic octanol/water partition coefficient (log K\({}_{\text{OW}}\)). There is an optimal hydrophobicity value for antibiotic uptake translocation, and that organic compounds that are either highly polar (log K\({}_{\text{OW}}\) < 1) or highly lipophilic (log K\({}_{\text{OW}}\) > 4) will not be significantly taken up by plants [15,17]. In this study, log K\({}_{\text{OW}}\) values for SMZ, NOR, and TC were below 0.5. Further, we conducted experiments in a plastic film house environment at a temperature of 30/25 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\circ}\)C day/night, and the volume of evapotranspiration water in all treatments was greater than 160-170 mL/day. Therefore, we hypothesized that antibiotics were taken up through mass flow and passive absorption. SMZ, NOR, and TC accumulated at different levels in water plants, likely because of their different solubilities, affinities, and absorption mechanisms. Specifically, the solubility value of SMZ was much higher than those of NOR and TC. [PERSON] et al. [18] indicated that highly water soluble organic compounds are most likely to be taken up by plants. The three antibiotics were detected in shoots and roots, but there were different distributions for different antibiotics. The plant root was the primary point of contact with antibiotic solution; thus, most antibiotics accumulated in the root system via biological and physical-chemical uptake. Removal of antibiotics from hydroponic culture solution takes place through a variety of mechanisms, namely hydrolysis, biodegradation,  
Figure 4: Selected antibiotic concentrations in hydroponic culture solution (parrot feather) under various under various treatments at the end of the experimental period.  
Figure 3: Selected antibiotic concentrations in hydroponic culture solution (water lettuce) under various treatments at the end of the experimental period.  
photodegradation, and plant uptake. In hydrosphere ecosystems, further research is needed to investigate the mechanism of phytoremediation of antibiotics by aquatic plants.