## 5 Discussion

Table 13: BPSO GBest Values Results Summary. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Dataset** & **Classifier** & **GBest Value** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{K-NN} & RF & [111110001111] \\  & SVM & [11100000001] \\ Smart & GBT & [11100000001] \\ \cline{1-1}  & K-NN & [11100000001] \\ \cline{1-1}  & NB & [11100000001] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 12: \(Cont.\)  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Dataset** & **Classifier** & **GBest Value** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Raisin Data} & RF & [1101000] \\  & SVM & [1101000] \\  & GBT & [10000001] \\  & LR & [10010010] \\  & K-NN & [1000100] \\  & NB & [1000100] \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Turkish Music Emotion Data} & RF & [1010001110101010010000100000100010010010100110101] \\  & SVM & [1111101101001001100011000110001001101100010011010101]  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Dataset** & **Classifier** & **GBest Value** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} Rice Data \\ \end{tabular}  } & RF & [1000001] \\  & SVM & [001010] \\  & GBT & [0110000] \\  & LR & [110000] \\  & K-NN & [110000] \\  & NB & [1100000] \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} RF \\ \end{tabular}  } & [0011000101100101010100101110001110011001100110  
The \(GBest\) values are mostly distinct for all datasets for all bio-inspired approaches, except for the Cervical Cancer Data set. One justification for this exception might be the nature of the Cervical Cancer Data set, which has the highest number of labels, a value equal to 13. As can be seen in the table, in the case of the Cervical Cancer Data set, multiple algorithms, namely SVM, GBT, LR, and NB, returned the same features for all bio-inspired algorithms. Table 15 compares the accuracy obtained by the BHOA for each classifier with the values obtained by the BGWO, BPSO, and BCSA, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Dataset** & **Classifier** & **BHOA** & **BGWO** & **BPSO** & **BCSA** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Smart Grids Data} & RF & **0.912** & **0.912** & **0.912** & 0.891 \\  & SVM & 0.694 & 0.748 & **0.7575** & 0.713 \\  & GBT & **0.899** & **0.899** & **0.899** & **0.899** \\  & LR & 0.6935 & 0.7495 & **0.758** & 0.713 \\  & K-NN & **0.897** & **0.897** & **0.897** & **0.897** \\  & NB & 0.7005 & 0.7315 & **0.7755** & 0.7085 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Raisin Data} & RF & 0.85 & 0.85 & 0.82222 & **0.85555** \\  & SVM & **0.87222** & 0.861111 & 0.85 & **0.87222** \\  & GBT & **0.866666** & **0.86666** & **0.866666** & **0.866666** \\  & LR & **0.855555** & **0.85555** & **0.85555** & **0.85555** \\  & K-NN & 0.85 & **0.87222** & **0.87222** & **0.87222** \\  & NB & 0.85 & 0.844444 & **0.85555** & **0.85555** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Turkish Music} & RF & **0.9** & 0.8875 & 0.8125 & 0.8625 \\  & SVM & 0.925 & **0.9375** & 0.875 & 0.925 \\ \cline{1-1}  & GBT & 0.775 & **0.825** & 0.8125 & 0.8 \\ \cline{1-1}  & LR & **0.925** & 0.9125 & 0.8375 & 0.8875 \\ \cline{1-1}  & K-NN & 0.825 & **0.85** & 0.7625 & 0.7625 \\ \cline{1-1}  & NB & 0.85 & **0.8625** & **0.8625** & 0.8125 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Diabetes Risk Prediction Data} & RF & 0.990384 & **1.0** & **1.0** & 0.990384 \\ \cline{1-1}  & SVM & **0.942307** & 0.932692 & 0.884615 & 0.903846 \\ \cline{1-1}  & GBT & **1.0** & 0.990384 & 0.990384 & 0.990384 \\ \cline{1-1}  & LR & **0.932692** & **0.932692** & 0.884615 & 0.903846 \\ \cline{1-1}  & K-NN & 0.932692 & 0.942307 & 0.961538 & 0.980769 \\ \cline{1-1}  & NB & **0.951923** & 0.894230 & 0.884615 & 0.942307 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Rice Data} & RF & **0.913385** & 0.910761 & **0.913385** & **0.913385** \\ \cline{1-1}  & SVM & **0.923884** & **0.923884** & **0.923884** & **0.923884** \\ \cline{1-1}  & GBT & 0.914698 & **0.916010** & **0.916010** & 0.912073 \\ \cline{1-1}  & LR & **0.922572** & 0.919947 & 0.919947 & **0.922572** \\ \cline{1-1}  & K-NN & **0.922572** & 0.916010 & **0.922572** & **0.922572** \\ \cline{1-1}  & NB & **0.922572** & 0.921259 & 0.921259 & **0.922572** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 14: \(Cont.\)