# Demand Response Requirements from the Cultural, Social, and Behavioral Perspectives
## 2 Methodologies, Concepts and Theoretical Framework
Furthermore, policies such as influencing people's energy usage to change living standards frequently conflict with social welfare objectives and often have negative repercussions. The authors conducted a qualitative and quantitative field study to identify the most important factors in reducing household energy consumption. They claimed that the financial status of the head of the household, the type of housing unit (e.g., apartment, house, or ran house), and the characteristics of electrical appliances are the most critical factors. **  
**The size and age of the house, the number of home inhabitants, seasons of the year, and people’s age and income influence energy consumption behaviors. **  
**The more people that a country has, the more efficient its energy usage becomes. The same can be said about the age of**  
**people, meaning that the behavior of people consuming electricity becomes more efficient with age. Furthermore, the more economically developed a country is and/or the greater its urban population, the more energy it consumes. **  
**By studying the concept of domestication, the authors offered a novel strategy to reduce consumption in the private sector. **  
**However, they also concluded that energy consumption in the private sector is part of a complex network. As a result, it is important to comprehend this network in order to accomplish a more permanent energy reduction. They looked at the current energy consumption patterns in the residential sector and analyzed the reasons behind the usage patterns. This study shows that the role of homeowners in choosing a source of energy is very important and is influenced by the family's income. **  
**They introduced the energy conservation behavior concept as one of the aspects of sustainable consumer behavior. They concluded that individuals' values and beliefs activate personal norms, which leads to conservation behavior. They examined some of the most important assumptions and ideas about how people utilize energy in their homes. They investigated the influence of erroneous conclusions from simplified theories on energy efficiency. They also recommended a new method for reducing energy use. **  
**Residential energy consumption is influenced by the social and economic factors of the family members, such as gender and income, as well as their vehicles' features and number. **  
**In collaboration with the private sector and local authorities, the government can encourage people (individuals or communities) to save energy and improve consumption patterns by using their own behavioral insights. **  
**The country's specific political conditions and the policy framework determine the form of daily consumption of households. The effectiveness of three policy tools (legislative, economic, and communicative) on residential consumption is also investigated. Consumers become encouraged to use less energy and improve their consumption behaviors if they receive energy consumption feedback. Customers were asked to record and submit their electricity meter readings. The results showed that individuals who took part in the trial spent 6% to 7% less energy than those who did not. **  
**A survey is utilized to investigate how procrastination and environmental awareness impact people's heating-energy-saving behaviors. According to the findings, people who have a propensity for procrastination are considerably less likely to engage in most heating energy-saving actions. It was also found that there is a positive relationship between environmental awareness and involvement in daily energy-saving activities, such as reducing the indoor temperature. **  
**This research developed a multidisciplinary framework by combining home data from a population census, activity-based energy demand modeling, and a survey on behavioral intentions to participate in DR and change energy consumption. The findings emphasize the significance of promoting DR to the majority of people, especially those who are underserved, as well as overcoming behavioral and cultural hurdles to DR promotion.