## 6 Conclusions  
Privacy protection technology on the blockchain has always been a significant factor in data access and sharing. With the rapid development of quantum computation, the traditional public key cryptosystem based on number theory cannot resist quantum attacks. Therefore, this paper effectively integrates blockchain technology with the lattice attribute-based encryption algorithm and proposes a data-sharing scheme based on LWE-CP-ABE using blockchain technology. This paper improves the CPABE scheme put forward by [PERSON], designs the ABE algorithm against quantum attacks with the renewable strategy, and fulfills the dynamic protection of data. The lattice-based fine-grained access control of CP-ABE is constructed through the decentralized KMS and formatted transaction structure over a pre-quantum cryptographic blockchain system, which not only ensures the characteristics of the post-quantum CP-ABE algorithm against quantum attacks but also provides the traceable on-chain transactions of the participant's activities. The simulation experiment shows that the performances (as can be seen in Figures 4-7) is superior to the traditional CP-ABE scheme. Meanwhile, decentralized KMS powered by blockchain technology enables the distribution of the key management process between Data Owners and Data Users by applying a threshold proxy re-encryption scheme to eliminate any risk of centralization and collusion.  
As a future research direction, we plan to extend our protocol to achieve IND-CCA security in the post-quantum setting. Specifically, we aim to develop a decentralized multi-authority CP-ABE scheme based on blockchain resistant to chosen-ciphertext attacks and can support any non-monotone access structure. Furthermore, we aim to explore comprehensive countermeasures against combined attacks, such as Differential Power Analysis (DPA) and Differential Fault Analysis (DFA). We will investigate and implement countermeasures based on techniques such as Time Insertion (TI) and error detection schemes to enhance the security of our system. These efforts will contribute to strengthening the resilience of our protocol against various differential analysis attacks, ensuring the reliability and security of the system.  
Conceptualization, T.C.; methodology, Z.R.; software, Y.Y.; formal analysis, J.Z. ([PERSON]); project administration, J.Z. ([PERSON]). All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
Figure 7: Time cost of Decryption [8].  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number No. 61961042 and No.71964037; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology grant number No. 202105 AG070005 and No. YNB202108; Yunnan International Joint Research and Development Center for Cross-border Trade and Financial Blockchain, grant number No. 202203 AP140010; Kunming International (Foreign-oriented) Science and Technology Research and Development Center for Blockchain Technology in South Asia and Southeast Asia, grant number No. GHJD-2022006; Research on Key Technologies of Cross-Border Trade Blockchain for RCEP, grant number No. 202202 AD080011; Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Education Department, grant numbers No. 2023Y0657 and No. 2023Y0675.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.