## 3 Results
### Dermatology-Specific Burden
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline  & & **Overall** & **m-AD** & **s-AD** \\  & & **(N = 184)** & **(N = 117)** & **(N = 67)** \\ \hline
**Disease characteristics** & & & & \\ \hline Age at onset of AD (years) & median (IQR) & 19.0 (5.5–39.1) & 19.7 (6.3–37.4) & 16.4 (4.6–45.6) \\  & \(\geq\)18, n (\%) & 97 (52.7) & 65 (55.6) & 32 (47.8) \\ \hline Time from onset to diagnosis (months), median (IQR) & 1.9 (0.0–21.2) & 0.5 (0.0–12.0) & 12.0 (0.0–26.3) \\ \hline Disease duration (from onset to study visit) (years), median (IQR) & 11.8 (4.5–25.7) & 12.1 (5.1–26.1) & 11.5 (4.1–22.3) \\ \hline AD-affected BSA at the study visit (\%), median (IQR) & 30.0 (20.0–40.0) & 22.0 (15.0–40.0) & 40.0 (30.0–60.0) \\ \hline Face/neck involvement at the study visit & face, n (\%) & 123 (66.8) & 78 (66.7) & 45 (67.2) \\  & neck, n (\%) & 91 (49.5) & 52 (44.4) & 39 (58.2) \\ \hline Total EASI score at the study visit & mean (SD) & 18.7 (10.1) & 12.7 (4.2) & 29.2 (8.8) \\  & median (IQR) & 16.9 (10.4–23.4) & 12.6 (8.9–16.2) & 26.0 (22.8–32.4) \\ \hline vIGA-AD at the study visit & 3, n (\%) & 125 (67.9) & 97 (82.9) & 28 (41.8) \\  & 4, n (\%) & 59 (32.1) & 20 (17.1) & 39 (58.2) \\ \hline  & median (IQR) & 3.0 (2.0–6.0) & 3.0 (2.0–6.0) & 3.0 (3.0–6.0) \\ History of flare-ups in the last year & \(\geq\)1 flare-up(s), n (\%) & 176 (95.7) & 113 (96.6) & 63 (94.0) \\  & \(\geq\)3 flare-up(s), n (\%) & 127 (69.0) & 76 (65.0) & 51 (76.2) \\  & \(\geq\)10 flare-ups, n (\%) & 30 (16.3) & 19 (16.2) & 11 (16.4) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* All patients were white (Europe, Russia, Middle East, North Africa, USA, Canada, Australia). ** **BMI is missing for one patient with EASI-based moderate AD. Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index; IQR, interquartile range; M2S, moderate-to-severe; m-AD, moderate AD; n, number of patients with variable; N, number of patients with available data; s-AD, severe/very severe AD; SD, standard deviation; vIGA-AD, validated Investigator’s Global Assessment.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._experiencing severe pain (intensity score \(\geq\) 7), respectively. Causes of pain are summarized in Figure 2c. Regarding pruritus assessed through PP-NRS, the median PP-NRS score was 7.0 (IQR: 5.0-8.0; mean: 6.7), with higher PP-NRS observed among s-AD patients (median: 8.0; IQR: 7.0-9.0) than m-AD patients (median: 7.0; IQR: 4.0-8.0). Only two patients (one m-AD, one  
Figure 1: Dermatology-specific quality of life in the overall M2S-AD population and by EASI-based AD severity: DLQI domain scores. Box-plots depict median with IQR (Q25-Q75), including whiskers that extend from minimum to maximum values. AD, atopic dermatitis; DLQI, Dermatology Life Quality Index; EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index; IQR, interquartile range; M2S, moderate-to-severe; m-AD, moderate AD; Max, maximum; Min, minimum; N, number of patients with available data; Q25, 25 th percentile; Q75, 75 th percentile; s-AD, severe/very severe AD. Figure 2: PROs on AD-related symptoms and causes of pain in the overall M2S-AD population and by EASI-based AD severity: (**a**) distribution of patients by POEM total score; (**b**) distribution of patients by POEM item score; (**c**) cause of pain among patients experiencing pain. Numbers inside bars indicate percentage (%). AD, atopic dermatitis; EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index; M2S, moderate-to-severe; m-AD, moderate AD; N, number of patients with available data; POEM, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure; PRO, patient-reported outcome; s-AD, severe/very severe AD; SD, standard deviation. s-AD) did not experience any itch in the previous 24 h, while 62.0% (114/184) reported severe itch (PP-NRS score \(\geq\) 7), including 51.3% (60/117) of m-AD and 80.6% (54/67) of s-AD patients. Based on sleep disturbance VAS rating, the majority (88.5%; 161/182) of patients reported disturbances in the last three nights (VAS score \(>\) 0), with a median VAS score of 5.0 (IQR: 2.0-7.0; mean: 5.0), corroborating POEM results.