## 3 Results and Discussions
### Phytochemical Characterization of the MnE
Due to the increased interest in the systemic and topical applications of phenolic compounds extracted from plants, with a protective effect on the skin, numerous studies in the literature have proven that the phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins present \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline _Peak_ & \(R_{t}\) (_min_) & \begin{tabular}{c} _UV_ \\ _\(\lambda_{max}\)_ \\ _(mm)_ \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} _[M+H]\({}^{+}\)_ \\ _(m/z)_ \\ \end{tabular} & _Phenolic Compounds_ & _Subclass_ &
\begin{tabular}{c} _MnE_ \\ _(ng/g fw)_ * \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
1. & 3.05 & 270 & 155 & Dihydroxybenzoic acid & Hydroxybenzoic acid & 1143.714 \(\pm\) 115.38 \\
2. & 3.84 & 270 & 139 & Hydroxybenzoic acid & Hydroxybenzoic acid & 177.988 \(\pm\) 16.99 \\
3. & 9.36 & 280 & 579 & Procyanidin dimer & Flavanol & 672.943 \(\pm\) 67.94 \\
4. & 10.91 & 520 & 449 & Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside & Anthocyanins & 947.464 \(\pm\) 93.96 \\
5. & 12.02 & 360, 255 & 773, 303 & Quercetin 3-glucosyl-(1->2)- & Flavonol & 204.503 \(\pm\) 19.59 \\  & & & & & \\
7. & 12.35 & 322 & 355 & 5-Caffeoylquinic acid & Hydroxycinnamic acid & 1078.456 \(\pm\) 109.08 \\
8. & 12.65 & 322 & 355 & 1-Caffeoylquinic acid & Hydroxycinnamic acid & 587.256 \(\pm\) 57.76 \\
9. & 13.19 & 323 & 369 & 3-Feruloylquinic acid & Hydroxycinnamic acid & 202.347 \(\pm\) 19.93 \\
10. & 13.73 & 270 & 331 & Vanillic acid-glucose & Phenolic glucoside & 408.647 \(\pm\) 40.89 \\
11. & 14.50 & 323 & 369 & 4-Feruloylquinic acid & Hydroxycinnamic acid & 609.269 \(\pm\) 60.93 \\
12. & 15.17 & 323 & 369 & 5-Feruloylquinic acid & Hydroxycinnamic acid & 431.909 \(\pm\) 43.71 \\
13. & 15.44 & 360, 255 & 611, 303 & Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (rutin) & Flavol & 1654.227 \(\pm\) 166.02 \\
14. & 16.11 & 360, 255 & 465, 303 & Quercetin 3-O-glucoside & Flavool & 3402.965 \(\pm\) 339.97 \\
15. & 17.10 & 360, 255 & 449, 303 & Quercetin 3-O-rhammoside & Flavonol & 459.747 \(\pm\) 46.07 \\
16. & 18.16 & 350, 250 & 473, 287 & Kaempfer 3-O-glucuronide & Flavonol & 335.817 \(\pm\) 32.98 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* The values are presented as mean \(\pm\) SD, (n = 3). Rr—Retention time; MnE—Morus nigra extract.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: HPLC-DAD-MS (ESI\({}^{+}\)) tentative phenolic compounds identified and quantified (\(\mu\)g/g fw) in the mulberry extract (MnE). in black mulberry fruits have an effective protective effect in reducing the oxidative stress of tyrosinase and inflammation, contributing to the repair of dermal tissue in case of damage, stimulating cell proliferation, or can act as protective agents against UV rays and natural brightening [1, 7, 47, 48, 49]. Likewise, topical application with chlorogenic acid or quercetin inhibits erythema formation [50, 51], quercetin treatments have the ability to attenuate cellular senescence of dermal fibroblasts [52], while cyanidin-3-O-glucoside also has a protective effect on the skin, fighting against UVB radiation [53]. Thus, the phenolic compounds present in black mulberry fruits, with a strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and protective effect on the skin, can provide a basis for the development of a powerful natural therapy to reduce skin disorders induced by oxidative stress.