## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **KAM1** & **KAM2** & **HAM1** & **HAM2** & **FO** & **HKA** & **HKS** & **NSA** & **FMA** \\ \hline
**FO** & 0.180 & 0.214 & 0.015 & 0.178 & 1.000 & **-0.733*** & 0.397 & **-0.874*** & \(-0.340\) \\
**HKA** & \(-0.313\) & \(-0.323\) & 0.303 & 0.276 & **-0.733*** & 1.000 & \(-0.315\) & **0.833*** & 0.435 \\
**HKS** & **0.542 *** & 0.433 & 0.182 & 0.064 & 0.397 & \(-0.315\) & 1.000 & \(-0.388\) & **-0.758*** \\
**NSA** & \(-0.280\) & \(-0.282\) & 0.120 & 0.004 & **-0.874*** & **0.833*** & \(-0.388\) & 1.000 & 0.394 \\
**FMA** & **-0.775*** & **-0.518 *** & \(-0.109\) & 0.059 & \(-0.340\) & 0.435 & **-0.758*** & 0.394 & 1.000 \\
**FPA** & 0.278 & \(-0.027\) & 0.375 & 0.238 & \(-0.228\) & 0.453 & 0.282 & 0.304 & \(-0.222\) \\
**Knee\_Flex** & 0.177 & 0.051 & \(-0.061\) & \(-0.149\) & 0.253 & \(-0.167\) & 0.322 & \(-0.384\) & \(-0.134\) \\
**Knee\_Ext** & 0.083 & \(-0.290\) & \(-0.305\) & \(-0.207\) & 0.332 & \(-0.269\) & 0.182 & \(-0.378\) & \(-0.270\) \\
**Knee\_RoM** & 0.139 & 0.348 & 0.222 & 0.018 & \(-0.011\) & 0.056 & 0.222 & \(-0.107\) & 0.098 \\
**LTD** & 0.262 & 0.133 & 0.056 & \(-0.117\) & \(-0.298\) & 0.084 & 0.070 & 0.212 & \(-0.392\) \\
**Hip\_Add1** & \(-0.139\) & \(-0.165\) & **0.779*** & **0.686** & \(-0.321\) & **0.677*** & 0.070 & **0.556*** & 0.091 \\
**Hip\_Add2** & \(-0.083\) & \(-0.128\) & **0.790*** & **0.784*** & \(-0.199\) & **0.641*** & 0.144 & 0.448 & \(-0.010\) \\
**Hip\_Flex** & 0.299 & 0.149 & \(-0.385\) & \(-0.392\) & **0.676** & \(-0.880***\) & 0.371 & **-0.826*** & **-0.481*** \\
**Hip\_Ext** & 0.190 & 0.022 & \(-0.360\) & \(-0.367\) & 0.432 & **-0.687** & 0.173 & \(-0.458\) & \(-0.415\) \\
**Hip\_RoM** & 0.203 & 0.203 & \(-0.100\) & \(-0.101\) & 0.457 & \(-0.419\) & 0.341 & **-0.655** & \(-0.174\) \\
**Pelvic\_Drop** & \(-0.181\) & \(-0.093\) & \(-0.175\) & 0.031 & 0.452 & \(-0.432\) & \(-0.136\) & **-0.632** & 0.111 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Significant correlations are highlighted in bold:
* \(p\leq 0.05\), *
* \(p\leq 0.01\), **
* \(p\leq 0.001\). Abbreviations: maximum external adduction moment for knee and hip in the first half of the stance phase (KAM1, HAM1) and the second half of the stance phase (KAM2, HAM2); FO—femoral offset; HKA—hip–knee angle; HKS–hip–knee–shaft angle; NSA—neck–shaft angle; FPA—mean foot progression angle (external rotation as negative); Knee\_Flex—maximum knee eterension (extension as negative); Knee\_RoM—knee range of motion in the sagittal plane; LTD—maximum lateral trunk displacement in the frontal plane (toward the stance limb as negative); maximum hip adduction during first (Hip\_Add1) and second (Hip\_Add2) halves of the stance phase (adduction as positive); Hip\_Flex—maximum hip flexion (flexion as positive); Hip\_Ext—maximum hip extension (extension as negative); Hip\_RoM—hip range of motion in the sagittal plane; Pelvic\_Drop—minimal pelvic obliquity in the frontal plane (swing phase of the contralateral leg and increased pelvic drop as negative).  
\end{table} 
Table 5: Correlations between the joint adduction moments, joint kinematics, and the clinical leg parameters for the non-involved leg. The FO explained 50% of KAM2 (\(R^{2}\) = 0.499, \(F\) = 14.927, \(p\) = 0.002). No other parameters were included as the NSA was again excluded due to a too strong correlation with the FO. The hip joint moments HAM1 and HAM2 were explained by the maximum hip adduction in the corresponding phases of the stance phase (HAM1: 58%, \(R^{2}\) = 0.579, \(F\) = 20.592, \(p\) < 0.001; HAM2: 54%, \(R^{2}\) = 0.536, \(F\) = 17.359, \(p\) = 0.001; Table 6). The pelvic drop on the contralateral side did not increase the model for HAM1 any further (\(p\) = 0.498), whereas the knee extension did not increase the model for HAM2 (\(p\) = 0.069).