## 2 Description of the Relation between Field Study and Laboratory Method  
In order to drill a blashhole on the terrain, the angle of the drill must be taken into account to follow the slope of the bench. Further work on the terrain depends on the drilling parameters and affects the results of the blast. Often on the blast field, the real burden size is not taken into detailed consideration, but in most cases, the blashhole follows the slope of the bench. However, there is always unevenness in the free face of the bench slope, which influences the effects of blasting. With the development of technology and software specialized for drilling and blasting, much progress has been made in analyzing all parameters of drilling and blasting, controllable and uncontrollable [15], as well as the burden size, which was very important in this experiment. The appearance of the deviation of the burden from the design during drilling is presented in the following images. The influence of the burden on blast results and the side effects of blasting can be explained in Figure 1. The blasting results are best when the burden size is, as much as possible, equal to the designed one along the entire length of the blashhole (the green line in Figure 1a). When the value of the burden is higher than the designed one (the blue line in Figure 1b), the intensity of the blasting vibration behind the blast field increases as well as the percentage of oversize blasted material in the muckpile. In the case where the burden is smaller than the designed one, the risk of fly rock is higher, and the blasted rock material can be thrown out uncontrollably, most often from the bench slope (the red line in Figure 1c). There is currently a large number of specialized software designed for drilling and blasting operations on the market, which can be used to provide an overview and for detailed analysis and image analysis of the drilling and blasting parameters [16]. In this case, to analyze the burden size, O-Pitblast software (version 1.5.62.0) was used. O-Pitblast software is a product of the company O-Pitblast [17]. It can be used to optimize drilling and blasting parameters. In the model shown in Figure 2, the analysis of the burden values in relation to the free face of the bench is presented. The deviations that are smaller and higher than the designed burden are represented using different colors. The green color represents the zones where the burden value is close to the designed one, and the blue color represents the zones where there are larger burden deviations (the value of the burden is higher than the designed one), and the red zones represent the zones where there are smaller burden values than the designed one. Therefore, a correction of the drilling angle can be made in order to obtain as large a green zone as possible on the model, improving the effects of blasting and  
Figure 1: Deviations in the burden values in regard to the free face of the bench: (**a**) blashhole with design burden; (**b**) blashhole with higher values of the burden due to unevenness at the free face; (**c**) blashhole with smaller values of burden than the designed one. reducing unwanted effects, such as fly rock [18], blasting vibration, etc. With the help of the software, it is possible to analyze the section of each blasthole individually, resulting in the idea for this research, where every deviation of burden size from the designed one by each blasthole is considered. Considering that the research was carried out to investigate the influence of burden deviation on the intensity of the blasting vibration, any major burden deviation, i.e., where the burden size is higher than the one set during drilling, was of particular importance. The laboratory model will show how these deviations affect the intensity of the blasting vibrations because the free face on the terrain can be irregularly shaped.