## 3 Results  
This paper simulated 10-bit SAR ADC results for several switching schemes [7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13] in MATLAB. The proposed switching scheme for 10-bit SAR ADCs has an average switching energy value of 47.5 \(\text{CV}^{2}\text{ref}\), which is 96.52% lower than that of the conventional switching scheme. Figure 11 shows the switching energy of several switching schemes [8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13] for 10-bit output code. Table 1 compares the characteristics of several switching schemes [8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. In contrast, SC [7], which splits the largest capacitor in the array into subarrays, has higher average switching energy consumption, although it has the advantage of having low complexity  
Figure 11: Switching energy for 10-bit output code. The blue [8], yellow [9], haze blue [10], green [11], black [12], red [13], and magenta curves are switching energy. and no common-mode shift. [PERSON] [8] proposed, for the first time, a top-plate sampling technique that allows the first comparison to consume no energy and reduce the area by 50%; for this reason, the response of the scientific community was significantly positive, and it became a mainstream technique for SAR ADCs adopted by most researchers. RFM [9] uses a C-2C dummy capacitor; this type of scheme is less complex, but the V\({}_{\text{ref}}\)/2 common-mode shift reduces the linearity of ADCs. VPSS [10] proposes a bidirectional single-side technique based on V\({}_{\text{cm}}\) that uses symmetrical switching to keep a constant common-mode voltage even after the first comparison, reducing the number of common-mode shifts. SMS [11] proposes an overall shift-monotonic technique that switches one side of the capacitance to the same reference voltage in the second-comparison step without generating switching energy and a common-mode shift of only V\({}_{\text{ref}}\)/4. Tri-level [12] entails the multiple switching of the reference voltage of the same capacitor, effectively reducing the switching energy required and the area used. VMS [13] combines top-plate sampling techniques and shift-monotonic techniques from capacitor arrays, further reducing the switching energy required. Although the average switching energy consumption of Tri-level [12] and VMS [13] is lower than that of the proposed scheme, they have the disadvantages of high control logic complexity and high dependence on V\({}_{\text{cm}}\) accuracy, which increases the power consumption of the SAR ADC digital module. In this work, the proposed switching scheme makes use of top-plate sampling, charge recycling, and bridge switching; reduces switching energy consumption without increasing the complexity of the control logic; and has a common-mode shift of only V\({}_{\text{ref}}\)/4. The simulation of the proposed 10-bit SAR ADC was carried out using the HPZ228 workstation using IC617 with the following parameter settings: the CMOS was 180 nm; the power supply was 1.8 V; and the sampling rate was 1 MS/s. ENOB, SNDR, SFDR are the ADCs' dynamic characteristic parameters that are dependent on the input signal. Therefore, in this work, we performed a simulation at the full-swing input signal frequency of 433.33 kHz, and the FFT spectrum is shown in Figure 12a. The proposed SAR ADC achieved 9.8-bit ENOB, 60.76 dB SNDR, and 69.85 dB SFDR. DNL is the maximum value of the difference between two adjacent scales of an ADC, and INL is the degree of deviation of the actual converted level from the ideal converted level. Both DNL and INL are static characteristic parameters of ADCs; hence, in this work, we performed a simulation at the input frequency of 43.33 kHz, as shown in Figure 12b. The peak values of DNL and INL were \(-0.16\)/0.14 LSB and \(-0.25\)/0.11 LSB, both of which are less than 0.5 LSB. Figure 13 shows the percentage of the total power consumed by each key circuit module of the proposed SAR ADC, with the DAC accounting for 59%; the SAR logic accounting for 34%; the comparator accounting for 5%; and the sampling switches accounting for 2%. The total power consumption was 14.7 uW.