## 4 Critical Review of AR and VR Technologies for Older Adults
### Social Wellbeing  
Social wellbeing is the extent to which older adults feel a sense of belonging and feel less lonely and depressed through using technologies. VR and AR can be treated as powerful tools for promoting socialization among them. The following four critical perspectives are considered: remote participation, virtual interaction, emotional relationship, and community services.  
Decline in mobility, lack of transportation, and financial constraints are just a few of the common challenges faced by older adults who long to participate in community events or experience new places. As technologies continue to evolve, innovative ways of using these for social participation will continue to be developed. VR and AR provide them an opportunity to explore places that they cannot physically visit, and allow them to connect and engage with others. The VR and AR experiences can help build connections and an emotionally rich social experience. First, as a system, a virtual environment is used for the purpose of older adults' social activities and exchange. The Aging and Avatar research project [39] by Microsoft Research Center investigated how full-bodied gesture-based interactions and avatars can be used to create a sense of virtual presence between older people who are unable to meet face-to-face. The virtual experience helps build conversation and socialization naturally because participants are together in the experience. Several challenges can prevent access to AR-based activities, such as the need to use specialist equipment, the requirement for assistance, and differences in the time zones in which the various people involved in a given activity are based. This is a new way of representing visual feedback for older adults. This research indicated that personal help or community services are important to preclude any sense of isolation and reduce their stress while interacting with the system.  
Interacting with other people as an avatar who reflects on what one views in a virtual space can provide a more emotionally rich experience than a video call with a mobile device. Given a study of the experience leading to a sense of satisfaction or a positive impact on their life, an AR system can be utilized as an alternative to resolve social isolation. Some VR and AR applications in the social domain have been designed for the purpose of assisting with daily tasks or training for cognitive ability; however, it is expected that using this system will increase social interaction through the chance to communicate with other people. The Nacodeal Project (Natural Communication Device for Assisted Living) [40] employs an AR device that is worn around the neck. It provides participants with helpful advice and guidance that facilities their ability to perform daily activities and access online services. The goal of the technology is to enhance social interaction and incite cognitive processes for members of the aged population living in an aged care facility. VR and AR can immerse users in a virtual world; as such, they represent powerful methods by which members of the aged population can engage in activities and social experiences. Social exchanges can be arbitrated through novel technologies that engender a sense of presence or consciousness of other people. Multimodal interactions can take a variety of forms, including facial expressions, body orientation, and gestures. Through these interactions, users can connect with others and develop a sense of intimacy. Thus, VR and AR can engender a sense of physical presence by enriching personal interactions with other people.