# Noise Annoyance in Physical Sciences: Perspective 2015-2024
## 3 Results
For this purpose, cross-analysis was conducted, the results of which are presented below in Table 3 and Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8: Publications by subject area and noise source categories. Figure 7: Number of publications in 2015–2019 and 2020–2024 divided into countries. By comparing the subject area with the noise source, it was determined that after checking the chi-square coefficient value, the \(p\)-value of 0.99 was determined, which is a significantly higher value than the assumed level of significance. It should therefore be considered that there is no basis for rejecting the null hypothesis, which means that no statistically significant differences were detected. The largest number of publications were located in Environmental Science and concerned Road Transport. i.e., 45 (40.17% of all) and Urban Noise--31 (27.69%), as well as Air Transport--18 (16.07%) and Rail Transport--11 (9.82%) and Renewable Energy--10 (8.93%). The second area in terms of the number of publications was Engineering, where publications concerned Air Transport--23 (20.53%), Urban Noise--15 (13.39%), Road Transport--12 (10.71%), Renewable Energy--5 (4.46%), and Rail Transport--3 (2.68%). The results clearly indicate that the dominant subject of Environmental Science is environmental noise, the source of which is transport and city sounds. In turn, engineering concerns the problems of aircraft noise. The remaining subject areas are exploited to a much lower extent. Publications from the Energy category are \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Name** & **Renewable** & **Air** & **Rail** & **Road** & **Urban** & **Total** & **Chi-Square** \\  & **Energy** & **Transport** & **Transport** & **Transport** & **Noise** & **Total** & **Chi-Square** \\ \hline Total & 16 & 38 & 13 & 57 & 45 & 112 & \(\chi^{2}\) \\ \hline
**Subject area** & & & & & & & \\ \hline Environmental & 10 & 18 & 11 & 45 & 31 & 68 & \\ science & 5 & 23 & 3 & 12 & 15 & 48 & \(\chi^{2}=3.387\) \\ Engineering & 6 & 5 & 0 & 5 & 3 & 15 & (df = 12, \(p=0.99\)) \\ Earth and & 0 & 1 & 0 & 5 & 5 & 9 & \\ planetary sciences & & & & & & & \\ \hline
**Research** & & & & & & & \\
**methodology** & & & & & & & \\ \hline Experiment & 7 & 28 & 7 & 34 & 29 & 73 & \\ Survey & 7 & 10 & 7 & 32 & 25 & 49 & \\ Literature analysis & 5 & 9 & 5 & 14 & 10 & 25 & \(\chi^{2}=12.352\) \\ Case study & 3 & 7 & 4 & 10 & 7 & 16 & (df = 16, \(p=0.719\)) \\ Conceptual & 7 & 31 & 9 & 32 & 23 & 68 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Publications by source of noise and other subcategories. Figure 9: Publications by methodology and noise source categories. located mainly in Renewable Energy--6 (5.35%), which is an expected result (due to the convergence of topics). Air Transport and Road Transport were discussed in five publications each (4.46% each), and Urban noise in three (2.68%). In the Energy category, there were no publications from the scope of Rail Transport. Similarly, zero publications appeared in the Earth and Planetary Sciences category in the areas of Rail Transport and Renewable Energy. Urban Noise and Road Transport were discussed in five publications each (4.46% each). In contrast, Air Transport was discussed in only one publication (0.89%). In addition to stating the lack of interest in the indicated areas, research gaps in the field of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Energy and noise sources were revealed in this way. They constitute a potential place for future research. A detailed summary of the results is included in Figure 8.  
Comparing the methodology with the noise source, it was determined that after checking the chi-square coefficient value, the \(p\)-value of 0.719 was determined, which is a significantly higher value than the assumed level of significance. It should therefore be considered that there is no basis for rejecting the null hypothesis, which means that no statistically significant differences were detected.