# Advances in Improving Energy Efficiency of Fiber-Wireless Access Networks: A Comprehensive Overview
## Abbreviations  
100G-EPON 100 Gbit/s Ethernet Passive Optical Network  
10G-EPON 10 Gbit/s Ethernet Passive Optical Network  
3G 3 rd Generation Mobile Network  
4G 4 th Generation Mobile Network  
5G 5 th Generation Mobile Network  
6G 6 th Generation Mobile Network  
ACCO  Approximation Collaborative Computation Offloading  
ALR  Adaptive Link Rate  
ANN  Artificial Neural Network  
AP  Access Point  
A-RoF  Analog Radio-over-Fiber  
AWSM  Adaptive Watchful Sleep Mode  
BBU  Baseband Unit  
BS  Base Station  
CA  Carrier Aggregation  
CAPEX  Capital Expenditure  
CMCCO  Cloud-MEC Collaborative Computation Offloading  
CM-FiWi  Cloud-MEC FiWi  
CnR  Combine and Remove  
CO  Central Office  
CoMP  Coordinated Multi-Point  
CO-OFDM  Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing  
CPRI  Common Public Radio Interface  
C-PSM  Centralized Power-Saving Mode  
C-RAN  Cloud Radio Access Network  
DAS  Distributed Antenna System  
\begin{tabular}{l l} DBA & Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation \\ DCF & Distributed Coordination Function \\ DDQN & Double Deep Q Network \\ DEC & Delay-Controlled and Energy-Efficient Clustered \\ D-RAN & Distributed Radio Access Network \\ DRL & Deep Reinforcement Learning \\ D-RoF & Digitized Radio-over-Fiber \\ DRP & Dynamic Resource Provisioning \\ DWBA & Dynamic Wavelength and Bandwidth Allocation \\ E/O & Electrical-to-Optical \\ E/O/E & Electrical-Optical-Electrical \\ EA-CCO & Energy-Aware Collaborative Computation Offloading \\ ECO-FiWi & Energy Conservation Scheme for FiWi Networks \\ EE & Energy Efficiency \\ EEWA & Energy-Efficient Workload Allocation \\ EPON & Ethernet Passive Optical Network \\ FiWi & Fiber-Wireless \\ FITA & Fiber to the Antenna \\ FITx & Fiber to the x \\ GA & Genetic Algorithm \\ GDBA & Green Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation \\ G-EPON & Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network \\ GHG & Greenhouse Gas \\ GPMM & Generic Power Management Model \\ GPON & Gigabit Passive Optical Networks \\ GT-CCO & Game-Theoretic Collaborative Computation Offloading Scheme \\ HA-DRL & Heuristic-Assisted Deep Reinforcement Learning \\ H-CRAN & Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Network \\ HERM & H-CRAN Energy-Efficient Radio Resource Management \\ HetNet & Heterogeneous Network \\ ICI & Inter-Cell Interference \\ ICT & Information And Communications Technology \\ IFoF & Intermediate Frequency-over-Fiber \\ ILP & Integer Linear Programming \\ IoT & Internet Of Things \\ ISA-CCO & Iterative Searching Algorithm for Collaborative Computation Offloading \\ IT & Information Technology \\ LoRa & Long Range \\ LPWAN & Low-Power Wireless Access Network \\ LTE-A & Long-Term Evolution Advanced \\ M2M & Machine-to-Machine \\ MAC & Media Access Control \\ MANET & Mobile Ad Hoc Network \\ MDP & Markov Decision Process \\ MEC & Multi-Access Edge Computing \\ MFH & Mobile Fronthaul \\ MFN & Mobile Fronthaul Network \\ ML & Machine Learning \\ mMIMO & Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output \\ mmWave & Millimeter Wave \\ MNO & Mobile Network Operator \\ MN & Mobile Network \\ MPP & Mesh Portal Point \\ NB-IoT & Narrowband Internet of Things \\ NFV & Network Function Virtualization \\ NG-PON2 & Next-Generation Passive Optical Network 2 \\ OBSAI & Open Base Station Architecture Initiative \\ OLT & Optical Line Terminal \\ \end{tabular}