## 3 Results and Discussion
### Microstructure of Hydrolytic Alloys
Figure 11a-c present the SEM and EDS images of the hydrolysis products of Mg-10 Al, Mg-20 Al, and Mg-30 Al alloys at high temperatures, respectively. It is clearly observed that the morphology of the reaction products consists of small, aggregated square-like particles accompanied by a small amount of interconnected fluffy products. As the aluminum content increases, a notable increase in the number of square-like particles is observed, as shown in Figure 11a-c, while the fluffy products decrease accordingly. Most of the fluffy MgO appears between the small square-like MgO particles. As the reaction progresses, the surface oxide film gradually cracks, allowing the internal molten magnesium metal to eject along the cracks or gaps in the oxide film and react with water vapor to form fluffy MgO products. The primary reason for this is that at lower aluminum contents, the internal metal does not have sufficient channels for water vapor to penetrate and react simultaneously with the external metal. Therefore, as the reaction continues, the internal molten magnesium metal can only wait for the surface oxide film to crack, allowing it to eject along the cracks or gaps and react with water vapor to form fluffy MgO products. With the increase in aluminum content, the precipitated Mg17 Al12 phase increases accordingly, providing more effective channels for water vapor to penetrate into the magnesium matrix. This enables almost simultaneous reactions on both the internal and external surfaces. Furthermore, as the aluminum content increases, the reaction rate accelerates, and the reaction becomes more intense. Therefore, Mg-Al alloys with high aluminum content can undergo almost simultaneous complete hydrolysis reactions on both the external and internal metals within the shortest time. After the high-temperature reaction, the EDS images show the presence  
Figure 10: The SEM and EDS images of the reaction products of pure-Mg.  
Figure 9: The XRD pattern of the reaction products of (**a**) pure-Mg; XRD patterns of the reaction products of (**b**) Mg-10 Al, Mg-20 Al, and Mg-30 Al alloys; XRD patterns of the reaction products of (**c**) Mg-10 Zn, Mg-20 Zn, and Mg-30 Zn alloys. of magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen elements, which is consistent with the XRD pattern in Figure 9b, further confirming that the hydrolysis products of pure magnesium under high-temperature conditions are MgO and Al\({}_{2}\)MgO\({}_{4}\). Figure 12a-c present the SEM and EDS images of the reaction products of Mg-10 Zn, Mg-20 Zn, and Mg-30 Zn, respectively, after complete hydrolysis. It is clearly observed that the morphology of the reaction products consists of small, aggregated square-like particles accompanied by a small amount of interconnected fluffy products. As the zinc content increases, a notable increase in the number of square-like particles is observed, as shown in Figure 12, while the fluffy products decrease accordingly. Most of the fluffy MgO appears between the small square-like MgO particles. As the reaction progresses, the surface oxide film gradually cracks, allowing the internal molten magnesium metal to eject along the cracks or gaps in the oxide film and react with water vapor to form fluffy MgO products. The primary reason for this observation is that, at lower zinc contents, the internal metal does not have sufficient channels for water vapor to penetrate and react simultaneously with the external metal. Therefore, as the reaction continues, the internal molten magnesium metal can only wait for the surface oxide film to crack, allowing it to eject along the cracks or gaps and react with water vapor to form fluffy MgO products. However, as the zinc content increases, the precipitated Mg\({}_{2}\)Zn\({}_{3}\) phase increases accordingly, providing more effective channels for water vapor to penetrate into the magnesium matrix. This enables almost simultaneous reactions on both the internal and external surfaces. Furthermore, as the zinc content increases, the reaction rate accelerates, and the reaction becomes more intense.