esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
###### Abstract  
The deep voice detection technology currently being researched causes personal information leakage because the input voice data are stored in the detection server. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel system (i.e., DeepDetection) that can detect deep voices and authenticate users without exposing voice data to the server. Voice phishing prevention is achieved in two-way approaches by performing primary verification through deep voice detection and secondary verification of whether the sender is the correct sender through user authentication. Since voice preprocessing is performed on the user local device, voice data are not stored on the detection server. Thus, we can overcome the security vulnerabilities of the existing detection research. We used ASVspoof 2019 and achieved an F1-score of 100% in deep voice detection and an F1 score of 99.05% in user authentication. Additionally, the average EER for user authentication achieved was 0.15. Therefore, this work can be effectively used to prevent deep voice-based phishing.  
voice phishing; deep voice detection; user authentication; privacy preservation; autoencoder; convolutional neural networks +
Footnote †: journal: _Applied_  
This approach prevents voice phishing in two ways: by performing primary verification through deep voice detection and secondary verification of whether the sender is the correct sender through user authentication. Since the voice preprocessing for the classifier is performed on the user's local device, the voice data are not stored in the verification server, thereby overcoming the security vulnerabilities of the existing technique.
## 5 Conclusions  
In this paper, a novel distributed localization algorithm is proposed to find location of the normal nodes using only two or three beacon nodes. The localization error determination and error correction methods are proposed to give theoretical basis to the proposed algorithms. The advantage of our algorithm is that it can work even if only one beacon node provides location information to a normal node. From the performance evaluation of our algorithm, it is observed that our algorithms outperform over similar protocols. Besides, using the proposed method, location of the nodes can be calculated with the simplest ways with less time complexity, which is quite suitable for the memory and energy constraint sensors.
# A New Self-Balancing Assembly Line Based on Collaborative Ant Behavior
## 5 Simulation Experiments and Results
### Performance Comparison of Assembly Systems with Intermediate Buffers  
In the previous experiments, this study assumed that there was no in-between buffer. Next, this study examined a new strategy where there were in-between buffers at the end of each work area for workers for the GEN cell and ABB cell. Note that a worker was not allowed to perform assembly tasks out of the assigned set in the ABB cell. When a worker finished the last task of the assigned tasks and found no downstream worker available, he put the half-finished assembly at the in-between buffer (if there was an empty space left) located at the end of his work area and went back upstream to take a new job from his predecessor (or went back to the beginning of the assembly cell for a new product if he was the first worker of the line). If there was no empty space in the buffer, the worker waited until an empty space was available. It was expected that the in-between buffers mitigated some adverse effects of system variabilities. However, if the buffers were too large, it would increase the production lead time and WIP levels. Therefore, it was necessary to maintain an appropriate buffer size.  
Figure 8: Comparison of the performance of naive BB-based assembly (NBB) cell and ABB cell in terms of (**a**) hand-off time and (**b**) blocking time.  
Figure 7: Performance of assembly systems with various assembly time variabilities.  
Figure 9 compares the production rate and lead time over different buffer sizes. Here, the CVs of task times were assumed to be 1.0. It is seen that as the buffer size increased, the production rate increased in all assembly systems except for the NBB cell where a buffer was inherently not allowed. It is seen that the ABB cell performed better than the other systems in terms of the production rate when the buffer size was zero or one. It is seen that only a small buffer size (e.g., one) led to a large increase in throughput rate, with little increase in production lead time in the ABB cell. When the buffer size was larger than one, the GEN cell provided a good performance in terms of production rate with the cost of long lead time. Observing Figure 9, it is clear that the lead time increased sharply in the GEN cell while the lead time remained almost unchanged in the ABB cell, even with a larger buffer size. The experimental results indicate that the proposed ABB cell is a promising assembly system when the lead time, as well as production rate, is an important performance measure and there is very limited space for intermediate buffers.
# Victim Detection and Localization in Emergencies
## 3 Overview of Location Technologies
### Ultra-Wide Band  
UWB stands out as one of the most-promising technologies for indoor localization [31]. It is becoming a de facto standard for indoor localization, with a growing adoption in the market [7]. UWB technology utilizes very short pulses (in the order of nanoseconds), which are translated into a wide bandwidth. This enables high data transmission rates and high-precision ranging with good obstacle penetration capabilities [32] and robustness against multipath effects in NLOS conditions [33], making UWB outstanding at detection and positioning in emergency scenarios. Thus, UWB has been previously indicated as a possible human detection technology in complex environments [34] or as an impulse radar [35].
###### Abstract  
Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are increasingly gaining attention as future global Internet providers. At the same time, named data networking (NDN) is a new data-centric architecture that has been recently proposed to replace the classic TCP/IP architecture since it is particularly well suited to the most common usage of the Internet nowadays as a content delivery network. Certainly, the use of NDN is especially convenient in highly dynamic network environments, such as those of next LEO constellations incorporating inter-satellite links (ISL). Among other native facilities, such as inbuilt security, NDN readily supports the mobility of clients, thus helping to overcome one of the main problems raised in LEO satellite networks. Moreover, thanks to a stateful forwarding plane with support for multicast transmission and inbuilt data caches, NDN is also able to provide a more efficient usage of the installed transmission capacity. In this paper, we propose a new location-based forwarding strategy for LEO satellite networks that takes advantage of the knowledge of the relative position of the satellites and the grid structure formed by the ISLs to perform the forwarding of NDN packets. So, forwarding at each node is done using only local information (node and destination locations), without the need of interchanging information between nodes, as is the case with conventional routing protocols. Using simulation, we show that the proposed forwarding strategy is a good candidate to promote the efficient and effective future use of the NDN architecture in LEO satellite networks.  
NDN; LEO; ICN; routing; forwarding +
Footnote †: journal:  
_Future Internet_
# Analysis of Quantum-Classical Hybrid Deep Learning for 6G Image Processing with Copyright Detection
## 1 Introduction
As the integration of advanced image processing technologies in 6G networks becomes more common, it is important to consider the ethical implications of computer-generated content, particularly regarding copyright issues. The rapid increase in digital images raises significant concerns about intellectual property rights and possible infringements. To address these challenges, effective copyright detection mechanisms [23; 24] are essential. These systems utilize advanced algorithms to examine created content, identifying potential infringements and ensuring adherence to legal standards. By implementing reliable copyright detection solutions, we can encourage the responsible use of computer-generated images, protecting the rights of original creators while promoting innovation in image processing technologies. This emphasis on copyright detection not only strengthens the integrity of digital content but also supports the broader acceptance and application of integrated quantum-classical deep learning frameworks within 6G environments. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section 3 provides a detailed overview of the related quantum and classical deep learning work for image processing and 6G networks. Section 4 describes the methodology, including the simulation framework, network fluctuation scenarios, and performance metrics used for evaluation. Section 5 presents the simulation analysis, comparing the performance of quantum and classical models under various network conditions. Section 6 discusses the findings' implications, highlighting each approach's strengths and limitations. Finally, Section 6 concludes the paper with a summary of key insights and suggestions for future research directions. This structured approach ensures a comprehensive and systematic exploration of the comparative analysis, providing valuable insights into the potential of quantum computing in enhancing 6G network capabilities for advanced image processing applications. This research aims to bridge the gap between classical signal processing and quantum computing, offering a novel approach to address the demands of next-generation network technologies. By integrating quantum deep learning [25; 26] techniques, we aim to unlock new potentials in image processing, paving the way for more efficient and reliable digital communication systems in the 6G era.
# Recent Developments and Emerging Trends in Paint Industry Wastewater Treatment Methods
## 3 Paint Industry Wastewater Treatment Methods
### Treatment by Advanced Oxidation Processes
The best results were obtained with photo-Fenton's process using solar radiation, with 99.5% COD removal efficiency and 99.1% total organic carbon removal, whereas using artificial irradiation presented a less effective but still notable removal of 60-80% for both parameters. Application of photo-Fenton's process with artificial irradiation resulted in 95% removal of total phenols [75]. On the other hand, Fenton's oxidation has been used for coagulation and flocculation (using Al\({}_{2}\)(SO\({}_{4}\))\({}_{3}\) and FeSO\({}_{4}\)) with membrane processes to treat and reuse extremely contaminated water-based paint effluents from the electronics industry [76]. The studied wastewater had very high levels of COD and SS, alkaline nature, and was black. The molar ratio of [H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)]/[Fe\({}^{+2}\)] = 10:1 showed COD removal up to 81% and a lower sludge production was attained; however, hazardous chemical sludge purification was required. Membrane filtration enabled the reuse of filtrate from sludge created during coagulation [76]. A new ternary Fe\({}_{3}\)N/Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\)/C\({}_{3}\)N\({}_{4}\) photocatalyst, prepared by thermal pyrolysis, was able to completely remove 5 ppm of dye rhodamine B solution under acidic conditions in less than 30 min [77]. Photocatalytic capacity for the removal of rhodamine B solutions and CO\({}_{2}\) photoreduction was studied. More than 98% of the contaminants were removed with photocatalyst in the aqueous phase in under 30 min under optimized conditions (catalyst dosage 0.04 g, RhB concentration 5 ppm, pH 3.5) [77]. Photocatalysis has also been studied using Ag/AgCl#T-C\({}_{3}\)N\({}_{4}\) photocatalysts for dye removal [78]. The removal efficiency of an organic dye compound AB92 was 98% after repeated photocatalysis (5\(\times\)) [78]. Both photocatalysts could be promising candidates for practical application, achieving the same removal rate. Despite the advantages of AOPs, there are some disadvantages such as the stability of oxidants that leads to limitation in their storage and transport, in addition to the strict pH requirements of the system (2-4). Therefore, new strategies resolving the current issue have to be developed.
# Mini-Crack Detection of Conveyor Belt Based on Laser Excited Thermography
## 3 Principle of the Proposed Method
### Mini-Crack Feature Extraction Based on Laser Excited Thermography  
Mini-crack feature extraction based on laser excited thermography is shown in Figure 3. The process of image reconstruction is shown in Figure 4. CW laser and infrared camera are fixed. As the conveyor belt rotates, the infrared camera and CW laser are turned on at the same time to record the infrared thermal image of the conveyor belt surface under laser excitation. The infrared camera collects \(n\) frames thermal images in the time period of \(T\). Feature extraction is carried out on each image to obtain the feature image \(n_{i}\), and then the \(n\) feature images are fused according to time series. A new mini-crack feature image \(M\) can be obtained by fusing the feature images \(n_{i}\) of all the excitation point regions in the time period \(T\). It is worth noting that timely capture of laser excited thermography can effectively avoid the impact of excitation point cooling and thermal radiation diffusion on the final mini-crack determination results. The specific steps are as follows:  
1. Collect the thermal image by using the laser thermography system. Thermal response image \(R_{i}(x,y)\) is captured by an infrared camera, and then \((x,y)\) will be defined as pixel coordinate. After obtaining all thermal response images \(R_{i}(x,y)\) in the current time \(T\), they are converted into grayscale image \(g_{i}(x,y)=R_{i}(x,y)\).
2. Extract feature regions from the \(n\) grayscale images \(g_{i}(x,y)\). The laser region of each image is intercepted as the feature image as \(F_{i}(x,y)\), and the size of \(F_{i}(x,y)\) is \((s,w)\), where \(s=vt\), \(v\) is the operation speed of the conveyor belt, and \(t\) is the time difference between two frames of images. The \(w\) is width of conveyor belt.
3. Perform further image processing of the feature image \(F_{i}(x,y)\). Firstly, the reference image \(Res(x,y)\) is made, that is, the thermal image without laser scanning; Then, the feature image is subtracted from the reference image \(F_{i}*(x,y)=F_{i}(x,y)-Res(x,y)\).
4. Construct the final mini-crack feature image. After all grayscale feature images \(F_{i}*(x,y)\) are obtained in the above steps, matrix Mosaic and fusion are carried out to construct the final mini-crack feature image \(M(x,y)\).  
\[M(x,y)=\left[\begin{array}{c}F_{1}^{*}(x,y)\\ F_{2}^{*}(x,y)\\ \ldots\\ F_{n}^{*}(x,y)\end{array}\right] \tag{1}\]
# Design, Implementation and Power Analysis of
## 3 Results
### Power Analysis of PARSLAD in Alert Mode  
The power consumption of PARSLAD with push button in AL mode is tested. It is found that the power consumption is same as in light control mode. As the power consumed by buzer in ON state is very negligible, the analysis of light control mode and alert mode gives the same result.
###### Abstract
Thus, there is a need for studies of lens exposure among medical personnel involved in NM examinations. Unlike other radiological procedures, such as X-rays and CT scans, NM examinations involve the administration and imaging of radiopharmaceuticals using radiation emitted from radionuclides. As a result, pre- and post-examination operations, such as radiopharmaceutical preparation, drug administration, and patient contact, can also contribute to radiation exposure. Personal dosimeters, used mainly for whole-body exposure assessments, are also suitable for lens dosimetry. In Japan, the higher of the two doses recorded at 1 cm and 70 \(\upmu\)m from the skin surface [1-cm-dose equivalent, H\({}_{p}\)(10) and 70-\(\upmu\)m-dose equivalent, H\({}_{p}\)(0.07), respectively], as estimated by personal dosimeters, is regarded as the lens dose. However, to assess the lens dose accurately, estimation of the dose within the vicinity of the lens at 3 mm from the skin surface [3-mm-dose equivalent, H\({}_{p}\)(3)] has been recommended [15; 29]. This study examined eye-lens exposure among nurses and RTs engaged in positron emission tomography (PET) examinations and among RTs engaged in radioisotope (RI) examinations other than PET (e.g., single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]). Long-term measurements of H\({}_{p}\)(3) values in the vicinity of the lens have not been widely reported for NM staff. Furthermore, there remains a lack of clarity concerning the relationships of H\({}_{p}\)(3) values in the vicinity of the lens with the numbers of procedures performed and the quantities of PET drugs administered to patients. In this study, we used a lens dosimeter to measure the H\({}_{p}\)(3) values of NM staff over a long period and then estimated the annual lens dose; we used this information to examine the relationship between the lens dose and the work performed.
###### Abstract  
The high- and low-temperature performance of asphalt-based seamless expansion joints seriously affects road performance. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of thermosetting epoxy asphalt-based materials in bridge expansion joints. The composite modification of asphalt was performed using Styrene-Butadiene rubber (SBR) and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) copolymer. The study then investigates the impact of five different dosages of SBR/SBS-modified asphalt on the performance of epoxy asphalt. The results of the cone penetration test, tensile test, and stress relaxation test of SBR/SBS-modified epoxy asphalt (SSEA) and BJ200 (a commercial Seamless expansion joint material) were comparatively analyzed. The Marshall test, rutting test, three-point bending test, and freeze-thaw split test were used to evaluate the road performance of SSEA mixtures. The test results show that with the increase in asphalt content, the shear resistance and tensile strength of SSEA decrease, and the low-temperature relaxation ability and elongation at break increase. The content of SBR/SBS-modified asphalt has a positive effect on the low-temperature performance of SSEA mixtures, and the residual stability in water and freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio (TSR) are higher than that of BJ200. Based on the requirement of balancing high and low-temperature performance, SSEA-3 has the best overall performance, and the dosage of SBR and SBS modifier is 12% and 2.5%, respectively. The ratio of epoxy resin, SBR/SBS-modified asphalt, and the curing agent is 1:4:1.6, and its use is recommended in areas with slight temperature differences.  
Keywords:seamless expansion joints; epoxy asphalt; SBR/SBS; high- and low-temperature performance; subtropical region +
Footnote †: journal: Applied sciences
# Bridge Damping Extraction Method from Vehicle-Bridge Interaction System Using Double-Beam Model
## 1 Introduction
This bridge experienced vortex-induced vibrations after a long period of traffic closure. In order to study the effect of traffic on the dynamic characteristics of bridges, [PERSON] [14] proposed that the double-beam system can be used to analyze the damping variation law of VBI systems. However, the accuracy of using the double-beam system to simplify a VBI system was not explored in more depth and the estimation method of the traffic flow parameters in the model was not given, which makes it difficult to apply the simplified model to practical engineering. In this paper, this simplified model was investigated for the damping problem of VBI systems under uniform traffic flow conditions. It was verified that the simplified VBI model has dynamic characteristics consistent with the VBI system. An estimation method of equivalent traffic flow parameters was proposed to achieve the evaluation of bridge damping from the dynamic characteristics of VBI systems. Finally, the damping ratio was extracted for a real bridge using the proposed method. This paper is organized as follows: first, a method to simplify a VBI system using the double-beam system is provided. Then, the damping ratio calculation method of the simplified model of a VBI system is derived. The accuracy of using the simplified model to calculate the damping ratio of a VBI system is verified by a numerical simulation, and the effect of vehicle damping on the damping ratio of a VBI system is analyzed. Then, the evaluation method of equivalent traffic flow parameters is proposed, and the evaluation process of the bridge damping ratio considering the vehicle-bridge coupling effect is given. Finally, the method is applied to the damping evaluation of a real bridge.
# Towards an Efficient Method for Large-Scale Wi-SUN-Enabled AMI Network Planning
## 5 Experiments and Results  
The experiments carried out in this study include real data from four regions in the state of Parana, located in the south of Brazil. The regions are urban areas with a large concentration of smart meters and rural areas with dispersed smart meters. The four selected regions were named Region A, Region B, Region C, and Region D. Table 5 presents details about these regions, including the total number of SMs, bounding box (BB) area, SM density per km\({}^{2}\), number of poles, and number of distribution automation (DA) devices installed.  
Experiments were conducted using the parameters detailed in Table 3 that include real equipment data (e.g., operating frequency, transmission power, antennas gains, and height) and some quality criteria to be observed during the method execution, such as the minimum LRP value to establish a connection, the maximum number of hops, and the stopping criteria.  
The parameters presented in Table 4 were considered to establish the candidate positions for each iteration of the method (Steps 3 and 8, described in Sections 4.4.3 and 4.4.8).  
Two different experiments were executed using the AIDA method:  
* Case Study 1: Experiments with AIDA, using its link-specific propagation model;
* Case Study 2: Experiments with AIDA, using Erceg-SUI propagation model.  
The experiments and results are presented as follows.