# Supply Chain Design for Waste Vaporization Through High-Energy-Density Pellet Production in Chile
## 3 Results
Studies have indicated that HTC offers advantages in energy density and emission reduction compared to traditional methods such as roasting [44; 45]. Then, a considerable market was estimated for these pellets, especially in communities with high firewood consumption. The total demand is 966,971 MWh/year. The residential segment acquires the greatest relevance within the market, consuming 99.67% of the energy [46]. Recent regulations limiting the use of firewood during high-pollution episodes presented an opportunity to introduce these pellets as cleaner and more sustainable energy alternatives [47]. The communities with the highest consumption of firewood were Melipilla (13.6%), Lampa (6.6%), Talagante (5.4%), and Puente Alto (5.4%). This indicates a significant reliance on firewood in these areas, possibly due to economic factors or the availability of resources. On the other hand, we can see that the consumption by province is distributed as follows: Santiago accounts for 30.5%, Cordillera for 10.4%, Chacabuco for 13.9%, Maipo for 8.4%, Melipilla for 19.5%, and Talagante for 16.8%. This distribution highlights the varying degrees of firewood usage across different provinces, reflecting local preferences and resource availability--the Metropolitan Region has four sanitary landfills where the available raw material is distributed [48]. The Santa Marta landfill has 1,275,808 tons of raw material available. Santiago Poniente has a supply of 224,244 tons, while Popeta has 50,256 tons. The Loma Los Colorado landfill holds the largest amount, with 1,722,079 tons of raw material available. These figures indicate substantial differences in the capacity and usage of each landfill, influencing logistical and operational decisions in waste management. Table 4 presents the distances between suppliers (landfills) and plants. The distances, measured in kilometers, provide critical data for optimizing transport. The Santa Marta landfill, for example, is 44.2 km from Santiago Poniente, 65.6 km from Popeta, and 101.0 km from Loma Los Colarados. These distances are crucial for planning efficient logistics and ensuring timely delivery of raw materials to processing plants. Similarly, Table 5 details the distances between plants and customers, measured in kilometers. This table is essential for understanding the logistics of distributing processed materials to various customer locations. For instance, the distance from the Santa Marta plant to Santiago is 35.6 km, to Cordillera is 42.0 km, to Chacabuco is 49.1 km, to Maipo is 38.0 km, to Melipilla is 47.2 km, and to Talagante is 20.0 km. These distances help \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Supplier/Plant** & **Santa Marta** & **Santiago Poniente** & **Popeta** & **Loma Los Colorados** \\ \hline Santa Marta & - & 44.2 & 65.6 & 101.0 \\ Santiago Poniente & 44.2 & - & 76.5 & 91.0 \\ Popeta & 65.6 & 76.5 & - & 151.0 \\ Loma Los Colorados & 101.0 & 91.0 & 151.0 & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Distances in kilometers for suppliers—plants. in planning distribution strategies, optimize delivery routes, and reduce transportation costs. These detailed data tables provide valuable insights into the logistics and transportation dynamics within the supply chain, enabling more informed decision-making and strategic planning.