## 3 Blockchain and Tracking Technologies in the Raw Material Sector
### Considerations on the Value of the Data in a Blockchain Environment
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{p{142.3 pt}}{Video monitoring is a very common way to track activities on properties or in facilities. In the mining industry, it can be used to track movements of loads and machinery, as well as other operations and their environmental impacts. It can be used in open pits and other large environments on the ground, but also in underwater operations. It is typically used to monitor the exploitation and delivery of large volumes like bulk material. It is used in fixed installations as well as in combination with movable technology, such as drones, planes or satellites (see also Table 5 below). Video monitoring can also be combined with an automated evaluation of the image material to trigger further events [8; 24]. For example, in ports the incoming deliveries of containers can be tracked per video monitoring while image and text capture software can identify container-related data. \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Robustness} & Video technology can be quite robust and used even in harsh environments. Although, like most technical equipment, if there is no protective encapsulation, there can be limitations to withstand excessive temperatures, dust, humidity, vibrations or other impacts. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Range} & Video technology can be used to monitor objects in and from various ranges. Often it is used to monitor the direct vicinity, e.g., by fixed installed cameras, but, as mentioned above, wide distances can be covered. This then usually depends on supportive technology to bridge the distances, such as cellular or satellite technology to transmit the image material (see the respective chapters below). \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Energy Requirements} & The energy requirements for video monitoring can depend on multiple aspects, in particular the volumes and distances that need to be covered. Where wired power is not possible or practical, battery or solar powered installations and appropriate consumption management may be used. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Data Related Capabilities and Limitations} & Large volumes of data can be generated during the capture and further processing of video footage. This in particular can be the case with live monitoring of events. However, as mentioned above, due to latency and capacity limitations of blockchain architectures (in particular due to time needed to achieve consensus for validating data on a blockchain) such limitations may conflict with the requirements for live monitoring. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Other Aspects} & Video monitoring technology usually can be provided at reasonable costs. However, in cases where personal data, such as biometric information and other sensitive data is involved, legal limitations or obligations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) need to be considered. In particular, legal requirements to modify or delete data may be an issue if the blockchain environment would not allow it to meet such requirements. \\ \cline{1-1}  &  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Characteristics of Video Monitoring.