## 5 Performance Evaluation of EMOR
### Results
#### 5.2.2 Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR)
Furthermore, the proposed  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Parameter**} & **Initial** & **Initial** & **Change in** & **Final** & **Final** & **Change in** & **Overall** \\  & **Residual** & **Residual** & **Initial** & **Residual** & **Residual** & **Final** & **Link** \\  & **Energies** & **Energies** & **Residual** & **Energies** & **Energies** & **Residual** & **Connectivity** \\  & **in First** & **in Second** & **Energies** & **in First** & **in Second** & **Energies** & **Increase/** \\  & **Scenario** & **Scenario** & **(\%)** & **Scenario** & **Scenario** & **(\%)** & **Decrease** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Residual} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(\mathrm{R_{E1}}=0.99\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(\mathrm{R_{E1}}=0.99\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{4\%} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(\mathrm{R_{E1}}=0.72\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(\mathrm{R_{E1}}=0.72\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{35\%} & \multirow{3}{*}{Decrease} \\  & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  
scheme also utilizes the routing protocol which is based on the concept of multi-disjoint path selection for real-time and non-real-time data, in which real-time EMOR follows the criteria of the first best hop and non-real-time EMOR follows the criteria of the second best hop, thus improving the PDR. The PDR against network density graph can be seen in Figure 10, in which PDR increases with an increase in the number of nodes in the network for all of the schemes used in the simulation. The number of nodes in the working mode will increase due to increased network density, therefore we can see an increase in the overall PDR. The proposed scheme achieves 138%, 110%, 10.5%, and 36.39% improvement in PDR over ExOR, RPRDC, DCBONC, and POFA (up to 925 nodes), respectively. The improvement in PDR for POFA beyond 900 nodes is better than our proposed scheme due to the fact that there are multiple forwarders in POFA to achieve the target reliability value. When the number of connections increases, the possibility of achieving that target reliability value also increases, thus improving the PDR. In RPRDC, the routing is segmented into random dispersion and reliability path exploration with the consideration of variables such as residual energy, packet reception rate, and link quality but it does not provide enough information between sink node and sensor nodes for achieving better PDR. ExOR [19] works on the metric expected transmission times (ETX) in such a way that the node with a minimum value of ETX will be selected for forwarding data towards the sink node and does not include information related to path connectivity, thus leading to decreased PDR. Figure 10: Packet delivery ratio (PDR) against network density with long radio range of mobile sink \(R_{l}\) as 100 m.  
Figure 9: Packet delivery ratio against long radio range of mobile sink where number of nodes (\(N\)) = 1000. DCBONC: Data Collection Algorithm based on Opportunistic Node Connection; EXOR: Extremely Opportunistic Routing; POFA: Probabilistic and Opportunistic Flooding Algorithm; RPRDC: Reliable Proliferation Routing with Low Duty Cycle; EMOR: Energy Efficient Multi-Disjoint Path Opportunistic Node Connection Routing Protocol.