# Spatial Dynamics of Olive Fruit Fly Adults in the Framework of a Monitoring Trap Network
## 3 Results  
The results from the field experiments showed different capture levels in the different countries. The highest catches were in Spain, with a mean of 5.84 adults per trap per day, followed by Lebanon, Italy, Tunisia and Greece with 5.46, 1.10, 0.57 and 0.02 adults per trap per day, respectively. The proportion of BT over UT catches changed markedly in the different countries: BTs represented 82% of catches in Italy, 61% in Tunisia, 57% in Lebanon, 28% in Spain and 27% in Greece. A prevalence of male captures was observed in all cases, ranging from 72% of males in Tunisia to 69% in Spain, 58% in Italy, 56% in Lebanon and 55% in Greece. ANOVA was significant for device (F = 23.74; df = 1; sig \(<\) 0.0001), sex (F = 6.14; df = 1; sig = 0.014) and country (F = 18.06; df = 4; sig \(<\) 0.0001). Among the interactions, the only significant interaction was between device and country (F = 4.52; df = 4; sig = 0.002). In particular, in Italy, Spain and Lebanon, captures per trap were significantly higher in BTs than in UTs (Figure 2). The temporal dynamic showed great differences in captures for different sampling dates, with intermediate catch peaks in the cases of Italy (maximum on 7 October), Spain (maximum on 26 October) and Tunisia (peak on the 19 June); there was a decreasing temporal trend in Greece, with the highest catches on 13 October, and a slight increasing temporal trend in Lebanon, with the highest catches on 14 November (Figure 2). The temporal trend of catches in the two sexes was similar in most cases, with some divergences when considering the different typologies of the traps (BT or UT), such as in the case of Greece and Tunisia (Figure 3). The Pearson coefficient calculated for all sites together showed that BT and UT captures per sampling date were found to be highly correlated for adults, males and females, indicating that the temporal variation in the two types of traps followed the same trend (Table 1). Figure 2: Box plot of the estimated marginal means calculated for olive fly baited (BT) and unbaited (UT) catches per trap in each country. Error bars represent the SE. Elaborating on the data for single countries, the following results were obtained (Table 1). For adults, BT and UT captures per sampling date were found to be highly correlated for Lebanon, moderately correlated for Spain and not significant for Greece, Italy and Tunisia. For females, BT and UT captures per sampling date were found to be highly correlated for Lebanon, weakly correlated for Spain and not significant for Greece, Italy and Tunisia. For males, BT and UT captures per sampling date were found to be highly correlated for Lebanon, moderately correlated for Spain and Greece and not significant for Italy and Tunisia. Figure 3: Temporal dynamic pattern of males and females captured in baited and unbaited traps from the experimental sites in Greece (**a**), Italy (**b**), Lebanon (**c**), Spain (**d**) and Tunisia (**e**). The index of aggregation _la_ calculated in the different countries for adult, male and female counts showed in most cases no significant values (Table 2). In the stepwise regression carried out with adult data, only BT catches, among the considered variables, were included (F = 7.33; df = 1,47; \(p\) = 0.009), with a low R\({}^{2}\) = 0.135.