## 6 Discussion
For example, state actors and multinational corporations are increasingly involved in cyber-physical systems breaches. The increasingly sophisticated nature and scope of threats make it challenging to predict or create a practical threat dictionary that covers all possible threats. A more robust approach that is a viable alternative to using an attack dictionary or relying on previously seen threat events to safeguard against new unseen threats is the proposal closely related to it by [37], in which the evolutionary algorithm principle which mimics the natural evolution process where multiple solutions are presented and the most effective selected to advanced and likely to be picked by the algorithm to protect the system based on past effectiveness. Self-healing functionality is currently being deployed in many countries to automate power infrastructures, such as in the Netherlands, France, Vietnam, and Cuba, to shore up the resilience of their power generation networks. In particular, the FLISR platform for achieving this functionality was proposed by [20] and deployed in these countries. Resilience refers to the ability of a system to withstand and recover from disruptive events, such as cyber-attacks or physical failures, and to continue functioning at an acceptable level. [PERSON] [23] contributed to the discussion on resilience in cyber-physical systems, mainly focusing on the power grid. Their work sheds light on the challenges and strategies involved in ensuring the power grid's resilience. They emphasise that the power grid plays a critical role in modern society, and its disruption can have far-reaching consequences, affecting not only the provision of electricity but also numerous sectors that rely on its stability. However, the increasing integration of information and communication technologies in power systems introduces new vulnerabilities and potential points of failure. Therefore, building resilient power grids that can withstand and rapidly recover from disruptions is paramount. The authors outline several critical aspects related to resilience in the power grid. First, they highlight the importance of system monitoring and situational awareness. Operators can detect anomalies or potential threats by continuously monitoring the grid's performance and responding proactively. To accomplish this, advanced sensing technologies, data analytics, and real-time monitoring tools are utilised to gather and analyse relevant information regarding the grid's condition. Another crucial aspect discussed by [23] is the need for practical risk assessment and management. Understanding the vulnerabilities and potential impacts of different disruptions allows for developing appropriate risk mitigation strategies. This process entails identifying critical components of the power grid, analysing their dependencies, and implementing measures to enhance their resilience. These measures can include redundancy, alternative routing, and diversification of energy sources to minimise the impact of failures. The role of advanced technologies in enhancing resilience was discussed in [23]. The discussion highlights the potential of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain technologies to strengthen the power grid's resilience. These technologies can facilitate rapid decision-making, improve system automation, enhance security, and enable efficient energy management. Proactive rolling-horizon-based scheduling of hydrogen systems for resilient power grids is a method that focuses on enhancing the resilience of power grids by integrating hydrogen energy systems [40]. Resilience is crucial to power grids, ensuring they can with standard and recover from natural disasters, cyber-attacks, or equipment failures. The proactive rolling-horizon-based scheduling approach involves making real-time decisions for scheduling the operation of hydrogen systems within a power grid.