## Social Psychology Grounded Taxonomy and StereoImmigrants Dataset
### Annotation of the Stereolmmigrants Dataset  
We annotated political speeches presented in the ParlSpeech V2 dataset [77], a dataset that has been already used in other tasks like Sentiment Analysis [78; 79]. One of the peculiarities of ParlSpeech is that it is a transcription of a real debate between different and relevant social actors. Its dialogic nature makes it more difficult to approach from the perspective of computational linguistics, but it is also an opportunity to develop an interdisciplinary methodology that focuses on how social interaction takes place in language. Specifically, we focused on the principal parliament in Spain, the Congress of Deputies (_Congreso de los Diputados_). This chamber is located in Madrid, has representatives from all regions, and elects the nation's prime minister. Using a list of 60 keywords (see Appendix B) we selected all the speeches that contained at least one keyword. We obtain 5910 speeches from different years (see Figure 1). Figure 1: ParlSpeech V2 dataset: number of speeches with at least one immigrant-related keyword. The year 2006 saw intense parliamentary activity on immigration. The Spanish media denominate this year the \"Cayucos Crisis\": the arrival of more boats than usual from different African countries to the coasts of the Canary Islands. The presence of these events in the media was very abundant, parliamentary activity on the issue was very intense, and Spanish public opinion was increasingly concerned about the issue of immigration (Based on the CIS Barometer: [[http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/11_barometros/index.jsp](http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/11_barometros/index.jsp)]([http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/11_barometros/index.jsp](http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/11_barometros/index.jsp))), accessed on 8 April 2021, (Figure 2). Official data [80] on immigration for 2007 contrast with the climax that we see in the Spanish parliament and in the mass media that covered the \"Cayucos Crisis\". The total immigrant population at the beginning of 2007 was 4.5 million. By origin, 40 percent came from Latin America and 33% from the European Union. Only 17% came from Africa despite the fact that the image of African people arriving in poor boats was the _frame_ that was more used when the immigration phenomenon appeared in mass media and in political debates. The 2007 National Immigrant Survey indicates that only 10% of the immigrant's population was \"undocumented\" [80] but nearly 39% of the country's population was worried about illegal immigration how the CIS shows (see Figure 2). The 2007 National Immigrant Survey also shows that the immigrant population was quite similar to the Spaniards in some parameters: most parts of the immigrant population (59%) between 20 and 34 years old have completed lower and upper secondary education, 17% have higher education, and only 23% belong to the primary education or no education group. The different level of studies between the immigrant population and the Spanish population at this moment was not enormous: the group of Spaniards that has primary education or does not have any education in this age group was 13%. In fact, other studies, using other sources of data, highlight a situation in which the immigrant population has a very similar profile in terms of higher education to the Spanish population [81, 82]. This gap between the variability of the real situation and the image that was conveyed through the mass media and the parliamentary interventions led us to build the dataset focusing on the speeches from 1996 to 1998, from 2006 to 2008, and from 2016 to 2018. In that way, we could contemplate speeches of consecutive years and also how these vary from one decade to another. We selected 582 speeches with more than one keyword and manually discarded the ones in which immigrants were mentioned alongside other groups but only tangentially. From these selected speeches, we manually extracted 3635 sentences for studying stereotypes about immigrants.