## 2 Overview of Test Roadway Project  
The connection between the goofs of the 10,209 working face, the 1211 working face, and the 1411 working face is illustrated in Figure 1. Mining operations primarily take place on working face 1411, where coal seam 4 is predominantly extracted. Working face 10,209 serves as the main mining location for coal seam #02. There is a distance of 21 m between the ceiling pillar of the 1409 airway and the haulageway floor of working face 10,209. The average thickness of coal seam #02 is 1.3 m. The 1409 airway has an average depth of 480 m. Coal seam 4 has an average thickness of 2.3 m and a dip angle of 7\({}^{\circ}\). The roadway spans a length of 1352 m, with a separation of 16 m between Section I of the 1409 airway and the 1411 haulageway and a separation of 28 m between Section II. The middle roof consists of argillaceous shale and fine sandstone, each with a thickness of 1.8 m, while the direct floor is made up of carbonaceous mudstone and has a thickness of 0.5 m. The coal rock histogram of working face 1409 is depicted in Figure 2.  
Figure 1: Roadway layout of the 1409 working face.  
Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the stratum structure.  
The 1409 airway, which is driven along the roof of the #4 coal seam, has a width of 4200 mm and a height of 2800 m. During the excavation of the roadway, the 1409 airway, which is located above the #4 coal seam, experienced significant deformation due to the high-stress concentration caused by the adjacent workforce 1411 and the side upper workface 10,209. As a result, the initial support scheme had to be changed three times in order to address the impact of the high-stress concentration area. To improve the stability of the rock surrounding the roadway, a reinforcement strategy was implemented. This strategy includes four main support schemes. Each hole is anchored using two K2355 resin cartridges and two Z2355 resin cartridges, along with \(\Phi\) 22 \(\times\) 2400 mm strong deformed steel bolts. A pre-tightening torque of at least 300 N\(\cdot\)m is required. Additionally, metal mesh with a size of 9100 \(\times\) 900 mm and a row spacing of 780 \(\times\) 800 mm is used. The roof anchor cable is arranged in a 3-4-3 pattern with a length of \(\Phi\) 21.6 \(\times\) 7300 mm. The distance between three anchor cables is 1400 mm, and the distance between anchor cables on either side of the road is 700 mm. The anchor cables are placed at a distance of 1000 mm from each other when four cables are constructed. Each hole in the side anchor bolt is filled with a roll of Z2355 capsule resin, and a minimum pre-tightening tension of 200 N\(\cdot\)m is required. For the two-sided construction, a steel strand anchor cable with a diameter of \(\Phi\) 21.6 \(\times\) 4500 mm is used. One anchor cable is built on each side of the coal wall, positioned 1200 mm away from the top plate and with a row spacing of 1600 mm. The side anchor cable is aligned with the top anchor cable. Both sides of the anchor cables are inclined at an angle of 70\({}^{\circ}\) with the ceiling, and the row spacing is 900 mm. The 600 mm between the two sides of the anchor cable and the road is supported by a 3400 mm-long W steel strip. The support plan was created during road excavation, as shown in Figure 3.  
The excavation has caused significant subsidence in the roof, substantial damage to the floor and sides of the roadway, with an approach of more than 1.8 m between the roof and floor, a retraction of up to 1.1 m on both sides, and an overall outward movement of the roof. To ensure regular use of the road during mining, a passive approach of \"digging before and repairing after\" was adopted, and 1409 working faces were repaired 4-5 times prior to mining.  
Figure 3: 1409 airway presents support technical scheme.