## 3 Experiment Results
### Load-Deflection Relationship  
The experimental results for all specimens are shown in Table 5, where \(P_{y}\) is the yield load and \(P_{u}\) is the ultimate load. \(\delta_{y}\) is the deflection on the yield load. \(\delta_{u}\) is the deflection on the ultimate load. The yield load was based on the yield point of the steel reinforcement and the ultimate load was the highest load after the yield load. The load-deflection curves for each comparison group are shown in Figure 7. In all the TRC specimens, except the T1 and T1.5 specimens, the ultimate load was higher than that in the RC specimen. Textile reinforcements were placed in the form of hooks. Ultimate loads were found to increase as the textile reinforcement amount increased. Figure 7a shows the flexural performance of the RC, T1, T1.5, and T2_1 specimens according to the textile reinforcement amount. The ultimate load was 22.93 kN for the RC specimen, 20.22 kN for T1; 22.81 kN for T1.5, and 23.43 kN for T2_1. Compared to the RC specimen, the ultimate loads of the TRC specimens were as follows: T1--88%, T1.5--99%, and T2_1--102%. When the textile reinforcement amount was increased 1.5 times from T1 to T1.5, the flexural performance increased 11%. Furthermore, from T1.5 to T2_1, the flexural performance increased 3%. As the textile reinforcement amount increased, the increase rate of the flexural strength decreased because the inner fiber of the roving decreased the area of the bond with fine concrete, which is known as an internal slip and fracture, as shown Figure 8 [22]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Name** & **Number of Cracks** \\ \hline RC & 11 \\ T1 & 13 \\ T1-H & 19 \\ T1-M & 26 \\ T1.5 & 16 \\ T2\_1 & 28 \\ T2\_2 & 28 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: The number of cracks. Figure 7: _Cont._Figure 7b shows the flexural performance of the RC, T1, and T1_M specimens according to the textile mesh type. T1 was fabricated with 18 textiles composed of 24 \(\times\) 40 mm meshes, and T1_M was made with 9 textiles composed of 8 \(\times\) 8 mm meshes to make the warp fiber area the same as that of T1. Therefore, the amounts of textile reinforcement of the two specimens were the same, and there was a difference in the textile mesh type, and thus a difference in the amount of textile reinforcement. T1_M had a 23.18 kN ultimate load, which was 101% of the RC specimen, and a 13% ultimate load performance improvement compared to T1. In the case of T1_M, the number of wet rovings of T1_M was greater than that of the textiles arranged in T1, which partially served as a physical stud with warp rovings. That is, as the load increased, more force was required to generate the slippage of warp roving due to the cross-point of the wet and warp rovings [15]. Figure 7c shows the flexural performance of the RC, T1, and T1_H specimens according to the textile hook type. T1 was a specimen made only using the bond of concrete and textile, and T1_H adopted physical hooks (hooks or anchorages) at both ends of the specimen. The textile reinforcement amount of the two specimens was the same. T1_H had a 26.14 kN ultimate load, which  
Figure 8: Slip and fracture inside the textile: (a) slip and (b) fracture. Figure 7: Load and deflection curves: (a) textile reinforcement amount, (b) textile mesh type, (c) textile hook type, (d) textile layout, and (e) load–deflection graph. was 113% of the performance compared with the RC specimen, and showed a 29% ultimate load performance improvement compared to T1. Due to the low elastic modulus and cross-sectional area of the textiles, T1 had a smaller flexural stiffness compared to the RC specimen, thereby giving it a greater deflection increase rate according to the increasing load. T1_H, despite having one-third of the textile reinforcement amount of the other specimens, had an excellent initial flexural stiffness and displayed cracks later compared to the RC and T1 specimens. Figure 7d shows the flexural performance of the RC, T2_1, and T2_2 specimens according to the textile layout form.