## 1 Introduction  
There are a lot of silty clay layers in the Yellow River Delta and Bohai Bay as a result of Yellow River transportation, and the silty clay layers with varying degrees of consolidation deposits in the Bohai girl are due to the action of waves and erosion [1, 2, 3]. Using in situ tests to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of silty clay possesses significant engineering value. The piezocone is widely used in situ tests [4, 5, 6]. The tests provide cone penetration resistance (\(q_{c}\)), pore pressure (\(u\)) and sleeve friction (\(f_{\text{S}}\)) in every inch of the subsoil depth when the probe is driven into soils by a quasistatic load at the penetration speed of 20 \(\pm\) 5 mm/s [5]. The change in penetration resistance, sleeve friction and pore pressure dissipation are an index of the engineering properties of soil. The test data obtained from geotechnical laboratory experiments can be used to calculate the physical parameters of clay and sandy soils either through theoretical models or empirical correlations [7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. The over-consolidation ratio (OCR) would affect the penetration resistance and the pore pressure dissipation characteristics because the preconsolidation pressure affects the rigidity index (\(l_{\text{r}}\)), undrained shear strength (\(s_{\text{u}}\)) and the permeability coefficient (\(k\)) of the clay [12, 13, 14]. The OCR and horizontal consolidation coefficients \(c_{\text{h}}\) are important parameters for clays. Silty clay is a type of clay, but because of the existence of silty particles, the effective angle of friction, undrained shear strength and compressive modulus are typically higher than regular clay [15; 16]. The Yellow River Delta and Bohai Bay regions are known to have a high prevalence of silty clay soils, which are notoriously difficult to characterize due to their complex structure and variable properties. As a result, accurate assessment of the geotechnical behavior of these soils is essential for the safe and reliable design of infrastructure projects. It is necessary to select the typical parameters of silty clays and analyze the influence of the OCR variation in different soils on penetration and pore pressure dissipation. [PERSON] [17] proposed a semiempirical formula for estimating the OCR by combining the cavity expansion theory with the theory of critical state. [PERSON] et al. [18] recommend the empirical coefficient \(k\) for OCR estimation. According to [PERSON] [19], the process of pore pressure dissipation follows the principles of cavity expansion theory, and it is recommended to use \(T_{50}\) for the calculation of consolidation coefficient. explains the law of pore pressure dissipation based on the cavity expansion theory and recommends using the \(T_{50}\) to calculate the consolidation coefficient. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [20] used the strain path method and recommended using the \(T^{*}\) instead of \(T\); \(T^{*}\) is related to the position of the pore pressure sensor and the degree of consolidation. [PERSON] et al. [21] established the link between coefficients of consolidation measured in field piezocone dissipation tests and laboratory oedometer tests based on coupled effective stress FE approaches. The modified Cam Clay model is a constitutive model that is widely used to simulate the mechanical behavior of clay soils. One key advantage of the modified Cam Clay model is its ability to accurately capture the changes in void ratio during both penetration and dissipation phases of testing. This is important because clay soils are known to exhibit significant changes in void ratio during loading and unloading, which can greatly affect their consolidation behavior. The FE methods could consider the distribution of the pore pressure field and stress field in the early penetration stage, which is more accurate than traditional cavity expansion theory [22; 23; 24]. This paper presents the results of coupled pore fluid diffusion and effective stress FE analyses.