# Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review of Its Benefits and Challenges in E-learning Contexts
## 6 Conclusions, Limitations, and Future Directions  
In the rapidly developing embryonic world of technology, AR is no longer a new concept, and with the concurrent rise of e-learning platforms, AR's significance in education is growing as well. This systematic review revealed that AR amalgamates modern technology with real-world settings to provide an immersive e-learning experience for learners. The benefits of using this approach in e-learning contexts include, but are not limited to, the enhancement of kinesthetic and collaborative learning, the enabling of high-risk e-learning in real-time, as well as visualizations, the support of real-world simulations with interactive objects, and the increase in learners' motivation, satisfaction, attention, and content retention. However, the research literature on AR also indicated challenges to its adoption and implementation, specifically, its learning, pedagogical, and technological issues. Regardless of the challenge, training and continuous education were viewed as viable solutions to the key issues in AR adoption in e-learning contexts, although the field is still reliant on technological advancements in this area. This systematic review is the only current study that has examined the benefits and challenges of implementing AR in an e-learning setting. The few existing studies of this nature have only attempted to identify the advantages and disadvantages of its use as a supplementary approach in an on-the-premises classroom-learning environment.  
The main limitation of this study is that it identified the benefits and challenges of using AR in e-learning contexts based on findings from empirical studies that may have limitations in terms of research design and evidential validity. This limitation is accentuated by the fact that the applicability of AR in education is still in its infancy, and more research is needed. Given this, future directions are suggested for future studies. First, although the use of AR within the classroom environment provides academic benefits, future research on how effective this approach is for distance and remote learning is needed. The measure of its effectiveness is vital for education, given that learners' attentiveness and competence in the use of technology vary considerably. Second, in relation to the first future direction, there is a need for more research on the pitfalls of using AR and how to mitigate them in educational settings. For instance, some studies have reported that using AR in education can result in cognitive overload for the students. Learners might become overwhelmed by the complexity of the platform or the amount of information displayed. Future research should investigate how such detriments to learning can be overcome or mitigated to enhance the efficiency of AR in improving academic outcomes. Third, future studies should investigate the effects of AR on the development of long-term memories. Although theoretical perspectives on this have been developed, there are no empirical studies on how AR can effectively create long-term memories in students. This investigation is particularly important for improving learners' retention in studies conducted on the use of AR in educational settings.  
[PERSON]. ([PERSON]) conceived and designed the methodology and literature review, researched and wrote the paper. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript  
This research received no external funding.  
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships, which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this paper.