## 3 Results and Discussion
### Moisture Penetration
#### 3.3.3 Future Climates--Scenario RCP 4.5
The highest water content value of 14.2 kg/m\({}^{2}\) is attained on 09/02 at 17:00, while the lowest water content value of 3.5 kg/m\({}^{2}\) is attained on 07/02 at 23:00. At the beginning of the spell (i.e., 06/02 at 18:00), it is visible that there are rather low water content values overall, with the exception of the exterior surface (until mid-way of the mortar layer). It is visible thereafter that the water content will increase considerably through the mortar layer, followed by the section of the brick layer close to the interface zone. Once the spell ends (Figure 16a, purple lines), it is visible that the water content starts  
Figure 15: Water content (kg/m\({}^{3}\)) across the wall assembly and in accordance with time for spell 1 (**a**) and spell 2 (**b**) for the near future (NF) for scenario RCP 4.5 and precipitation (L/(m\({}^{2}\)h)) during spell 1 (**c**) and spell 2 (**d**). The blue lines in (**a,b**) correspond to water content across the assembly for any given period within the corresponding spell limits. to decrease, i.e., the assembly starts to dry, more significantly near the exterior surface, but the drying effects are more visible 24 h later (Figure 16a, green lines). For this case, the outdoor moisture manages to reach a depth of 94 mm with 18.4 kg/m\({}^{3}\). Figure 16: Water content (kg/m\({}^{3}\)) across the wall assembly and in accordance with time for spell 1 (**a**), spell 2 (**b**), and spell 3 (**c**) in the far future (FF) for scenario RCP 4.5, as well as precipitation (L/(m\({}^{2}\)h)) during spell 1 (**d**), spell 2 (**e**), and spell 3 (**f**). The blue lines in (**a**–**c**) correspond to water content across the assembly for any given period within the corresponding spell limits. Figure 16b shows the water content for the second selected spell, which lasts for 65 h and has a total precipitation of 22.0 L/(m2h). This spell is slightly shorter than the first (12.3% shorter), but the precipitation amounts to a higher value (35% higher). The highest water content value of 11.6 kg/m2 is attained on 22/10 at 11:00, while the lowest water content value of 1.8 kg/m2 is attained on 22/10 at 22:00. This is an interesting result that shows that it is not only the amount of precipitation or the period of spell that should be accounted for but also the distribution of the WDR events. For the first spell, the WDR events are more spread out, while in the second spell, they are more concentrated in the beginning and at the end of the spell (Figure 16d,e), which gives the wall the possibility to dry more. It is visible that although there is a great distance between the spells, the behaviour is quite similar to the first spell, even in terms of moisture in the more inner layers (Figure 16a,b). Once the spell starts, the moisture is able to penetrate the wall, and, consequently, the moisture content increases substantially for the whole mortar layer and the solid brick's sections nearest to the interface zone (Figure 16b). It is visible that once the spell ends (Figure 16b, purple line), the water content in the wall is still high, but 24 h later, it is already much lower (Figure 16b, green line). It is also interesting to see that although this spell has a higher total precipitation, the outdoor moisture does not reach as deep as the first spell (i.e., depth of 88 and 94 mm, respectively). This allows us to conclude that short spells with high precipitation might not be as dangerous as other spells that occur in a very humid period (Table 7). Figure 16c shows the water content for the third selected spell, which lasts for 257 h and has a total precipitation of 31.0 L/(m2h). This means that this is the longest spell by far but also the one with the highest total precipitation, and it seems that the exterior moisture is able to reach the greatest depth of the three spells with a depth of 179 mm with 6.4 kg/m3 (Table 7). The highest water content value of 14.7 kg/m2 is attained on 02/11 at 13:00, while the lowest water content value of 5.4 kg/m2 is attained on 30/10 at 02:00.