## 1 Introduction  
In order to enhance its productivity, the construction industry has undergone the transformation from a 2D environment to a 3D one, and then from a 3D one to the design environment using building information modeling (BIM). BIM refers to the process by which information is exchanged using a system of 3D modeling in multifaceted aspects from planning, designing, and construction of a building to its operation and maintenance, and decommissioning. This process involves the concept of a multilateral sharing mechanism and a process of collaboration, rather than simple software or singular models, while focusing on the \"task\" of involved parties rather than the \"object\" of architecture. In order to establish a BIM-based design environment for construction, which puts emphasis on sharing and collaboration, BIM-related software, high-performance workstations, and storage servers, etc. are essential. However, despite such an increase in demand for the BIM-based platform, its high setup and maintenance cost is hampering the wider application of BIM [1]. In addition, further technical research studies on establishing platforms in the BIM design environment for construction conducted in Korea are required. In other industries, cloud service was provided by allocating virtual resources to the environment that requires collaboration and high-performance workstations, which is similar to the collaborative environment of BIM in construction. Among others, the virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) technology, a cloud-based virtual computing technology, is mainly being used for the group working environment. The gist of VDI technology is to provide virtual desktop settings with multiple virtual machines (\"virtual machine\") to which resources, including CPU and memory, are allocated based on a hypervisor system in the physical hardware infrastructure. The recent fourth industrial revolution and the era of post-COVID-19 have ushered in a series of technologies including online systems and 5G networks. In other industries, extensive studies on cloud platforms utilizing such technologies were conducted. Although the cloud environment has taken on greater importance in the construction sector as well, it is used mainly for servers, failing to fully reflect the characteristics of a cloud system. In particular, compared to large architectural design firms, it is challenging to establish a virtual cloud computing environment for small to medium-sized design firms, as it requires a high capital investment. According to a study on ways to facilitate BIM in small to medium-sized design firms conducted by [PERSON] et al. [2], although they make up more than 97% of the architectural design community in Korea, there is an obvious gap in terms of the number of design contracts awarded to small and medium-sized design firms and to the top 3% of large architectural firms, those with more than 100 employees, which account for 40% of the total design contracts. Therefore, it is necessary to study measures to reduce the costs spent on building the BIM platform for small to medium-sized design firms by identifying the characteristics of the current design environment and organizational structure of those design firms. Moreover, the introduction of BIM in the construction industry in recent years has resulted in many process changes during design and construction phases. As a communication tool, BIM made seamless exchange of information possible between designers and contractors in the construction environment, where design errors are minimized and associated changes are reduced. However, the incorporation of BIM during the design and construction phases has also faced some issues due to the diverse nature of construction environment. As for these cooperation issues, [PERSON] et al. [3] elaborated on the inadequate configuration of a BIM-based cooperation system, while [PERSON] et al. [4] pointed out the burden of software and hardware cost associated with incorporating BIM, just to name a few.