## 3 Results and Discussion
### Relationship between Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in Surface Water and Sediments
In sediments (Table 6), the positive loadings of Chromium, Nickel, Mercury, Arsenic, Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc on PC 1 (explaining 67.05% of variance) signify a unique sediment signature, likely reflecting the cumulative impact of agricultural activities. Furthermore, the contribution of PC 2 in sediments (18.08%) provides additional insights into variations not fully captured by PC 1. In PC 2, the substantial positive loading of Chromium implies a robust positive correlation with other heavy metals, suggesting potential common sources or shared environmental behaviors. This was in accordance with our findings from previous Pearson correlation analyses. The negative loadings of Nickel, Arsenic, Copper, and Lead indicate an inverse relationship, pointing to distinct patterns or sources compared with Chromium. Exploring PC 2 in sediments may unveil specific factors influencing heavy metal concentrations, such as sediment composition or dynamic interactions between the agricultural site and the tributary. Sediment composition, for example, can vary based on factors such as mineral content, organic matter, and particle size. The mineral composition of sediments can influence heavy metal concentrations. Certain minerals may adsorb or release heavy metals, impacting their availability in the sediment. The presence of organic matter in sediments can affect heavy metal mobility. Organic compounds may form complexes with heavy metals, influencing their solubility and retention in sediments [45]. Dynamic interactions between the agricultural site and the tributary could involve factors such as seasonal changes, water flow patterns, or land use practices that influence sedimentary processes and subsequently impact heavy metal concentrations. The contrasting patterns in PC loadings between surface water and sediments emphasize the multifaceted nature of heavy metal dynamics in the tributary. Agricultural \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Component Loadings**} \\ \cline{2-3}
**Variance** & **PC 1** & **PC 2** \\ \hline Arsenic & 0.9605338 & \(-\)0.2050113 \\ Cadmium & 0.8304608 & 0.2549575 \\ Chromium & 0.5239969 & 0.8363269 \\ Copper & 0.9496160 & \(-\)0.2307083 \\ Mercury & 0.6006275 & 0.4253232 \\ Nickel & 0.8041798 & \(-\)0.4949484 \\ Lead & 0.8872527 & \(-\)0.3302491 \\ Zinc & 0.8836678 & 0.2281635 \\ Eigenvalue & 5.364178380 & 1.446698664 \\ Percentage of Variance (\%) & 67.0522975 & 18.08373331 \\ Cumulative (\%) & 67.05223 & 85.13596 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: PCA results of HMs in the sediments. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Component Loadings**} \\ \cline{2-3}
**Variance** & **PC 1** & **PC 2** \\ \hline Arsenic & \(-\)0.107289 & \(-\)0.9809221 \\ Cadmium & \(-\)0.8709873 & 0.1593387 \\ Chromium & \(-\)0.754253 & 0.1214629 \\ Copper & \(-\)0.8848301 & 0.18606383 \\ Mercury & \(-\)0.6102366 & \(-\)0.2304781 \\ Nickel & \(-\)0.9011935 & \(-\)0.0293826 \\ Lead & \(-\)0.8909814 & 0.06455346 \\ Zinc & \(-\)0.8419311 & \(-\)0.2140067 \\ Eigenvalue & 4.80918575 & 1.14091955 \\ Percentage of Variance (\%) & 60.1148219 & 14.2614944 \\ Cumulative (\%) & 60.11482 & 74.37632 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: PCA results of HMs in the surface water. runoff likely plays a pivotal role in influencing surface water quality, introducing metals that can be transported downstream. In sediments, the cumulative impact of these inputs and sedimentary processes contribute to a distinctive composition. The contrasting patterns between surface water and sediments suggest that diverse sources influence surface water. Negative loading values for all heavy metals surface water and positive loading for sediments in the tributary suggest unique origins not captured by Factor 1. This indicates potential contributions from seasonal changes, sediment deposition, and water flow movement [74].