## 3 Results
### Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity  
Data on antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the _M. memosum_ herb extracts are given in Table 6.  
Both _M. memosum_ herb extracts MN40 and MN70 demonstrated antimicrobial properties. The MN40 extract inhibited the growth of _Staphylococcus aureus_ and _Enterococcus faecalis_. The MN70 extract showed an exceptionally broad spectrum of activity, demonstrating the ability to inhibit the growth of numerous clinically significant microorganisms isolated from various biological materials. Overall, the extract exhibited greater efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria, including various _Staphylococcus_ spp., _Streptococcus_ spp. (\(\beta\)-haemolytic groups A, B, and G; \(\alpha\)-haemolytic), _Enterococcus faecalis_, and _Bacillus subtilis_. Activity was also observed against selected Gram-negative strains, notably _Escherichia coli_ (including haemolytic and EBL-producing variants) and _Acinetobacter baumannii_. Furthermore, the extract demonstrated notable antifungal activity, particularly against \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline
**Group of Animals** & **Bleeding Duration, s, n = 6** & **Reduction in Bleeding Time,** \\  & & **Relative to theControl Group, \%** \\ \hline Group I (MN40) & \(89.50\pm 13.48\,^{*}\) & \(38.49\) \\ Group II (MN70) & \(79.33\pm 9.28\,^{*}\) & \(45.48\) \\ Group III (liquid extract of _Polyposium law/polymer_) & \(61.83\pm 3.38\,^{*}\) & \(57.51\) \\ Group IV (control animals) & \(145.5\pm 12.24\) & \(-\) \\ \hline \end{tabular} Notes: * Statistically significant difference compared to the control group, \(p\leq 0.05\). MN40, extract obtained with 40% aqueous-ethanol solution; MN70, extract obtained with 70% aqueous-ethanol solution. Values are presented as mean \(\pm\) SD; n = 6. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by [PERSON]’s post hoc test.  
\end{table} 
Table 4: The effect of the liquid extracts from _Melampyrum memosum_ herb and water pepper on bleeding duration. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Group of Animals** & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Percentage (\%) of Wound Area Healing Compared to the Initial State in Dynamics (Days)**} \\  & **2** & **3** & **5** & **7** & **9** & **11** & **13** & **15** \\ \hline Group I (MN40) & \(5.93\,^{*}\) & \(17.78\,^{*}\) & \(34.44\,^{*}\) & \(57.04\,^{*}\) & \(77.04\,^{*}\) & \(92.96\,^{*}\) & \(98.89\,^{*}\) & \(100\,^{*}\) \\ Group II (MN70) & \(4.81\,^{*}\) & \(19.26\,^{*}\) & \(40.37\,^{*}\) & \(71.85\,^{*}\) & \(89.63\,^{*}\) & \(97.78\,^{*}\) & \(100\,^{*}\) \\ Group II (Rotoken) & \(5.19\,^{*}\) & \(18.52\,^{*}\) & \(30.37\,^{*}\) & \(53.17\,^{*}\) & \(75.93\,^{*}\) & \(87.78\,^{*}\) & \(95.93\,^{*}\) & \(100\,^{*}\) \\ Group IV (control animals) & \(2.59\,\) & \(7.78\,\) & \(28.52\,\) & \(37.41\,\) & \(51.11\,\) & \(73.33\,\) & \(85.93\,\) & \(96.30\,\) \\ \hline \end{tabular} Notes: MN40, extract obtained with 40% aqueous-ethanol solution; MN70, extract obtained with 70% aqueous-ethanol solution. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant difference vs. control group (\(p\leq 0.05\)). Values are presented as a percentage of wound area reduction over time (days). Statistical significance assessed using repeated measures ANOVA.  
\end{table} 
Table 5: Dynamics of the wound healing process with the use of the liquid extracts from _Melampyrum memosum_ herb. _Candida_ spp. (_C. albicans_, _C. tropicalis_, _C. glabrata_, _C. lusitaniae_, _C. lipolytica_), as well as _Apergillus fumigatus_, _Rhodotorula mucilaginous_, and _Geotrichum candidum_.