## 2 Results
### Analyses of Gene Expressions in Hop Cones of Healthy and HVLd-Infected Plants
Probability level: *—_p_ < 0.1, **–_p_ < 0.05, and ***—_p_ < 0.01. Note: straight line—median; dashed line—average; and box—95% percentile \(\pm\) standard deviation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**cis elements**} & **MYB2 CON** & \multirow{2}{*}{**SYENSUAT**} & **MYB2 CON** & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBICORE**} & **MYBICER** & **MYBICER** & **MYBICER** & **BOXICO** & **MYBICANT** & **MYBSTI** & **MYBGAHV** & **MYBICON** & **SENSSUAT** & **WRSY710S** \\  & & **SENSUSAT** & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline
**Sequence/gene** & WAACCA & YAACKG & CNGTIR & GITAGIT & AACGG & CCWACC & ACCWWWCC & MACCWAMC & GGATA & TAACAA & CANNING & TGAC \\ \hline  & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ BCAT1 & \(-\)439 & & & & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & &  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**cis elements**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBAT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBCON**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBCOE**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELFR**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELFR**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**BOXICO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELANT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBST1**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBGAIV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBST1**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBGAIV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBST1**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBGAIV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBST1**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBGAIV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBST1**} \\  & & **SENSUSAT** & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{12}{*}{HS1} & \(-126\) & \(-1907\) & \(-1905\) & \(-953\) &  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**cis elements**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBIAT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBECON**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBECON**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELER**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBECOR**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELEM**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**ROXLCO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBELANT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBSTI**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBGAHV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MYBSCAN  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**cis elements**} & **MVBIAT** & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **MVBICON** \\ **SENSUSAT** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICORE**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICER**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICER**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**BMXICO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MVBICAN**} \\  & & & & EATCYCBI & & & & & & & \(-807,-730,-1105\) \\ STS2 & \(-\)1212 & \(-\)452 & & & & \(-\)1892 & & & & \(-\)995 & \(-\)528  
Transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA) was found to be involved in vivid replication [37] and its expression is controlled by alternative splicing. We tried to quantify correctly and incorrectly spliced variants by qRT-PCR and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Vivid infection significantly increased the number of incorrectly spliced variants in all the cultivars (Figure 7). Values were dependent on the used method when the relative portion of incorrectly spliced variants was increased by 2.9% or 5.9% for Saaz, 51.8% or 7.7% for Sladek, 16.1% or 4.1% for Premiant, and 24.8% or 5.2% for Agnus cultivars. Additionally, the ribosomal protein L5 (Figure 8) gene was non-significantly up-regulated by infection in cones of all the cultivars: Saaz (2.7 times), Sladek (4.3 times), Premiant (9.5 times), and Agnus (9.4 times). Figure 8: The relative expression to reference genes (RE = 1) for the RPL5 gene in young cones of HLVd-free and infected plants of hop cultivars. Probability level: *—_p_ < 0.1, **—_p_ < 0.05, and ***—_p_ < 0.01. Note: straight line—median; dashed line—average; and box—95% percentile \(\pm\) standard deviation.