## 9 Conclusions and Future Perspectives  
Based on ancient texts and modern research, this paper reviews the herbal testmonies, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and quality standards of _T.chinensis_ to provide new ideas for future research on _T. chinensis_. According to ancient texts, _T. chinensis_ can reduce inflammation, eliminate heat and toxins, and enhance visual clarity. It is particularly effective in managing sore throats, swollen gums, and oral gingival pain caused by heat. Based on recent phytochemical and pharmacological studies, _T. chinensis_ possesses anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, and antimicrobial effects, which are especially good for treating virus-induced colds and various types of inflammation, such as respiratory inflammation. It was initially recorded as an ornamental plant in various ancient books. Since its initial inclusion in the Compendium of Materia Medica as a traditional Chinese medicine in 1765 during the Qing Dynasty, _T. chinensis_ has been widely developed for its medicinal properties and employed in health care products and various dosage forms following current processing technology. Over 180 compounds from _T. chinensis_ have been isolated and identified. The main active components of _T. chinensis_ are flavonoids, alkaloids, and organic acids. Objective evaluations are emphasized in recent studies of _T. chinensis_, where the focus is mainly on the flavonoids Orientin and Vitexin. These two compounds are the most important and representative of _T. chinensis_, with less research on the other active components. Various domestic and international investigations indicate that flavonoids account for most of the pharmacological effects of _T. chinensis_. First of all, regarding the medicinal employment of _T. chinensis_, historical records specify that its dried flower is the primary constituent. Additionally, contemporary experimental research concentrates on the flower of _T. chinensis_; however, chemical makeup and pharmacology evaluations of its roots, stems, and leaves are limited. Moreover, most research on the phytochemical metabolites of _T. chinensis_ concentrates on crude extracts and flavonoids, including Vitexin, Orientin, and Orientin-2''-O-\(\beta\)-l-galactopyranoside. However, there is a lack of studies on the alkaloids and organic acids present in _T. chinensis_, with only a limited number of articles on this topic. Second, studies have shown that both crude extracts and active constituents of _T. chinensis_ have a wide range of pharmacological activities, and these modern pharmacological studies support most of the traditional uses of _T. chinensis_ as a folk medicine. However, there is still a gap in the systematic research on _T. chinensis_. Many pharmacological studies on its crude extracts or active constituents are not in-depth enough, and fewer in vitro experiments exist. These pharmacological activities must be further confirmed by in vivo animal experiments and combined with clinical applications. This direction will provide a solid foundation for developing novel drug-lead compounds. For example, relevant animal experiments did not verify the antitumor effect of _T. chinensis_. Third, most studies on the pharmacological activities of _T. chinensis_ have focused on uncharacterized crude extracts, making it difficult to clarify the link between the isolated compounds and their biological activities. Systematic pharmacological studies on compounds isolated from _T. chinensis_ are considerable. In addition, many pharmacologicalactivities of crude extracts or compounds of _T. chinensis_, such as the anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects of _T.