###### Abstract  
Railway systems are sometimes faced with the necessity of decommissioning railway stations due to issues in the electricity supply system, control system failures, or a decrease in train traffic. In order for fully or partially decommissioned stations to maintain functionality and turnout availability, the researchers propose the use of a computer system utilizing GSM technology. Using AES-encrypted SMS messages, GSM signaling can be applied to a wide range of electrical equipment at decommissioned stations, enabling monitoring and control of these installations remotely, as well as allowing for integration into an existing SCADA system. This study attempts to estimate the reduction in total delays and operating cost that would arise when implementing this control system in a low-resource setting. An impact and cost analysis was performed on a rail section with partially decommissioned stations (Brasov-Codlea, Romania), to ascertain whether this control method would result in significant delay and cost reductions. The analyzed data show that the proposed control system can significantly reduce delays and costs on railway lines with decommissioned stations, thus allowing for a more efficient use of resources. By leveraging technology to monitor and control electrical installations remotely, the need for physical presence at the decommissioned station is eliminated. Overall, the research described represents a significant step towards the more efficient and safe use of railway infrastructure, and could potentially lead to the reactivation of previously decommissioned stations, providing benefits for both passengers and freight transport operators. S +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences  
components [4]. Another reason for decommissioning is the lack of trained personnel to manually operate various components, a situation encountered especially in hard to reach areas and remote railway stations with low railway traffic. Therefore, such stations need to be equipped with RCS (remote-controlled systems) and monitoring systems, to ensure safe railway traffic and reduce time and operational costs [5]. GSM-R (global system for mobile communications railways) is an example of wireless rail traffic management, using radio waves on specific frequency bands, allocated to railway communications only. It is part of the European train control system (ETCS) and European rail traffic management system (ERTMS) used in Europe, and it works by collecting data from the input parts (sensors, push buttons, and contact limit switches) regarding the positioning and velocity of rail vehicles, and transmitting the aforementioned data through the ETML (European traffic management layer) to the ETCS, in order to control the output parts (signaling or moving parts). It operates via infrastructure located only near railway lines and is subject to radio network planning challenges, including meeting the signal coverage requirements of the ETCS on designated railway lines and optimizing operational capacity for voice and other services in the GSM-R system [6]. The ETCS is classified on three levels of operation from a functionality and data integration point of view, with an additional level 0 for situations regarding ETCS-compliant rolling stock interacting with non-ETCS lines, due to lack of equipment or non-ETCS compliant equipment. While the GSM-R system has a communication-only purpose in the ETCS-1 system, it has a role in train detection, train monitoring, and automatic train control in the ETCS-2 system [7]. Such an interface is safety critical, and therefore it needs protection from wireless interferences and attacks [8; 9; 10]. Advanced Encryption System (AES) encryption of SMS data is a possible way of shielding this system [11]. Managing decommissioned stations can be a challenge, due to the heating of railway switches. For example, Russian Railways (JSC RZD) employs automatic snow and ice buildup removal systems, such as SCRS, to address this issue.