# An Overview of the Applications of Earth Observation Satellite Data: Impacts and Future Trends
## 4 Discussion
### Other Significant Satellite Missions  
Many satellite missions were not analyzed in this study. The following Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) of NOAA/NASA and Planet Doves satellite missions will be introduced as examples. GOES is a joint weather satellite series of NOAA/NASA, and the first satellite of GOES was launched in October 1975. Four generations of satellites have been designed, and a total of 17 satellites have been successfully launched. These satellites provide imagery of the Earth's surface, atmospheric moisture, and cloud cover, support weather forecasting, severe storm tracking, and meteorology research [92]. The latest generation of GOES is called the GOES-R series, and there are already two satellites in orbit (GOES-R (-16) and GOES-S (-17), launched in 2016 and 2018, respectively), located at GOES-East and GOES-West, respectively. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) carried by the GOES-R series is a significant advancement due to its improvement in the number of observation bands, spatial resolution, and observation frequency [93]. The wavelengths of ABI are similar to those of MODIS. [PERSON], et al. [94] introduced the feasibility of applying the existing aerosol algorithms of MODIS to ABI observation and the accuracy of AOT products derived from ABI data, which will promote the application of ABI observations in both climate and air quality monitoring. The GOES-R series promotes the monitoring of weather systems and helps achieve more accurate meteorology and atmospheric research. Planet Labs is a private Earth-imaging company founded in 2010. In ten years, Planet has successfully launched 452 satellites, and has over 150 satellites in orbit. Doves are miniature satellites designed and manufactured by Planet Labs. The satellite of Doves is the size of 10 \(\times\) 10 \(\times\) 30 cm and weighs about five kilograms, which is much smaller than traditional satellites. Currently, there are more than 130 satellites of Doves in orbit. The Dove constellation with a large number of satellites is able to observe all land every day, which is not possible with other constellations of satellites. The camera on Doves is currently in four bands (blue 455-515 nm, green 500-590 nm, red 590-670 nm, and near-infrared 780-860 nm), and the number of bands is increasing. Dove images have a spatial resolution of 3.7 m. The high spatial resolution and temporal frequency images provided by Doves help the assembly of low cloud cover images for high-resolution research [95; 96]. Doves are of great significance for Land observation. [PERSON], et al. [97] presented robust \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Article** & **Author** & **Year** & **Strength** & **Begin** & **End** \\ \hline The MODIS aerosol algorithm, products, and validation [84] & Remer LA & 2005 & 162.12 & 2005 & 2010 \\ Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors [83] & & & & & \\ High-Resolution Global Maps of 21 st-Century Forest Cover & & & & & \\ Change [89] & Hansen MC & 2013 & 154.8 & 2015 & 2018 \\ Object-based cloud and cloud shadow detection in Landsat imagery Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research [87] & & & & & \\ High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes [90] & & & & & \\ Random forest in remote sensing: A review of applications and future directions [91] & & & & & \\ Global aerosol optical properties and application to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aerosol retrieval over land [85] & & & & & \\ MODIS Collection 5 global land cover: Algorithm refinements and characterization of new datasets [88] & & & & & \\ The Collection 6 MODIS aerosol products over land and ocean [86] & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: EO papers with the strongest citation bursts.