## 3 Results
### The Countries Participating in the Study Are Considered (RQ-4)  
To analyze the activity of countries in the field of electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology (RQ-4), we have created two maps of countries' participation in WoS and Scopus. It is worth noting that these maps were developed separately from each other to identify differences in WoS and Scopus. This was necessary due to the variety of search models, query parameters, limited library scanning capabilities, limited access to bibliographic information of articles, inconsistency of search models in digital libraries, and differences in formatting (such as author names and country names). Figure 9 shows a map of countries created from WoS data on electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology. The five countries that stand out most on the map include the People's Republic of China (197), the USA (115), India (68), England (43), and Australia (41). The values next to the countries indicate the number of documents published by each country. Figure 8: A map showing a moderate frequency of keyword usage in different years. In this image, the countries are colored according to the APY, which reflects the average year of publication of documents issued by each country. Visualization is a network map where each country is represented as a node, and connections between countries can indicate cooperation and interactions in the field of electronic voting. The countries highlighted in yellow represent innovators in this field of research, namely Saudi Arabia (2022 y. ), Pakistan (2021 y. ), the People's Republic of China (2021 y. ), and Malaysia (2020 y.). Their contribution to the topic of electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology is relatively recent, which is reflected in their recent appearance in the APY rating. Visualization of this data helps researchers to better understand international cooperation and interaction between countries in the field of electronic voting and identify the main participants, as well as possible trends or patterns in the distribution of scientific papers on this topic. Table 2 shows a matrix of comparison of countries according to WoS data. The columns and rows of the matrix represent countries, and the cells contain information about the degree of overlap between the two countries. An empty cell indicates that there is no connection between countries. The intensity of the green color indicates that certain countries tend to appear together. The more intense the green color, the higher the degree of coincidence. For example, the following countries are highlighted, which are often found in the context of RQ-4: China and the USA (25), China and Australia (13), and Saudi Arabia and Pakistan (10). Figure 9: Map of countries in the context of electronic voting created using WoS. Figure 10 shows a map of countries in the context of electronic voting based on cryptographic protocols and blockchain technology developed based on data from Scopus. The five most common countries on this map include China (95), India (68), the USA (49), Taiwan (39), and the UK (33). It is worth noting that the top five countries most commonly found in Scopus coincide with those that are present in WoS, except for the order of their location. In Figure 10, countries are highlighted according to the APY. The size and color of the nodes may indicate various characteristics, such as the number of publications, citations, or the importance of each country in a given context. New countries that have contributed to this area of research are marked in yellow. These include Pakistan (2020), China (2018), the USA (2016), South Korea (2014), and Taiwan (2012). Compared to WoS, in Scopus, two countries are the same (Pakistan, China) and two differ (Australia and USA). Countries with a high volume of documents, such as China, Spain, Italy, and the UK, have an APY distributed in the middle of the year.