## 4 Discussion of the Results  
Based on the conducted research and the obtained data within the North Ossetia-Alania region, we have identified areas of the territory with varying degrees of environmental stress: catastrophic, critical, crisis, intense, and relatively satisfactory. Investigations of the territory of North Ossetia-Alania pollution were carried out in two stages, which made it possible to study the dynamics of the increase in pollution of the territory over a ten-year period. According to the results of the studies of both stages, it was found that, with a slight decrease in the concentration of pollutants at stage 2, the area of the zones of permissible and moderately hazardous pollution zones increased by a significant amount. Monitoring of ecogeophysical factors of the environment in Vladikavkaz was carried out: indicators of noise pollution, electric fields, and the level of gamma radiation were measured. According to the results of observations, certain orders and patterns of changes in the structure of the movement of passenger cars and trucks along the main traffic routes in Vladikavkaz, the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania at different times of the day were defined; they provided a basis for the analysis and for the development of appropriate mathematical models, as well as the prediction of environmental well-being in the zone of increased noise risk. The population of the city of Vladikavkaz is exposed to noise for a significant period of time, exceeding the permissible level by 1 to 38 dBA. According to the obtained data, it can be concluded that the population of the city of Vladikavkaz is exposed to gamma radiation in the range of 0.05-0.18 uSv/h and at an average value of 0.11 uSv/h, which is below the maximum permissible level. The electric field strength reached values up to 1400 V/m at individual measurement points, with an allowable level of 800 V/m, significantly exceeding the maximum permissible values. At the same time, it should be noted that on the outskirts of the city, at points adjacent to power lines, as well as on the city streets with tram traffic, there is a significant increase in these indicators compared to other points. It has been determined that the most hazardous method of heavy metals intake from the soil into the human body is by inhalation. According to the obtained data, all the elements, except mercury, form a higher level of risk significantly exceeding one. For the oral intake of heavy metals from the soil into the human body, the values of the risk index do not exceed one for all the studied elements, except lead and 0.4 for cadmium. At the same time, the risk values for lead are exceeded for the limited area of the former plant \"Electrozinc\". For dermal exposure tothe soil, the risk values for all elements are close to zero. Considering that the level of risk for inhalation intake significantly exceeds the risk levels for oral and dermal exposure of the soil, the maps of the carcinogenic risk index for inhalation intake of heavy metals can be considered as final maps. A significant contribution to environmental pollution and, in particular, atmospheric air is made by road transport. The results of the analysis made it possible to establish that there is a direct relationship between traffic flow density and air pollution. The obtained data indicate a steady trend towards an increase in air pollution as a result ofthe increasing negative impact of motor vehicle emissions, which also negatively affects the health of the population. It has been determined that withcloser proximity to the industrial enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy and the corresponding halos of soil contamination with heavy metals, cancer morbidity is higher amongthe population of Vladikavkaz in the localizations most susceptible to the influence of the considered heavy metals.