## 3 Experimental Section
### Characterization  
The thermal behavior of the smoke compositions was analyzed through differential thermal analysis (DTA)--OZM 551-Ex System--Czech Republic (Meavy software 2.2.5.43), to evaluate the influence of each component on the thermal properties of the pyrotechnic formulations and to determine the decomposition temperatures. The samples (25-30 mg) were heated from 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 550 \({}^{\circ}\)C, with 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C/min heating rates. The morphology of the pyrotechnic formulations was investigated with a VEGA II LMU scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a Bruker AXS energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS--with QUANTAX 1.8.2 dedicated software) was employed to highlight the composition of the reaction products generated, indicated by the decomposition and oxidation equation of the SGD (12). \[ \begin{array}{c}xKNO_{3}+yP+zC_{26}H_{51}\backslash zC_{13}H_{12}O_{2}\\ \rightarrow\alpha K_{2}O+\beta N_{2}+\gamma P_{2}O_{5}+\delta P+\varepsilon C+ \theta H_{2}+\mu H_{2}O\\ +\sigma CO_{2}+\omega CO\end{array}  \tag{12}\]  
The heat of combustion was evaluated using an AVL 1805 Ballistic instrument that includes a 25 cm\({}^{3}\) water calorimetric bomb set and a Beckman thermometer (0.01 \({}^{\circ}\)C precision). For this measurement 2 \(\pm\) 0.1 g of each sample, that was previously grinded, was initiated in a closed vacuum bomb using a radiant wire with 1.5 cal/cm. The specific volume of the gases released from the calorimetric bomb was measured using a [PERSON] gas meter. The combustion rate and combustion flow were studied using a HD SONY camera (digital display format 1920 \(\times\) 1080 pixels, 1/2.8 CMOS detector and 30 \(\times\) optical zoom) connected with a thermal sensor, TAU 2 Uncooled Cores 324 (_LWIR_ thermal sensor-digital display format 324 \(\times\) 256 pixels, uncooled detector, waveband 7.5-13.5 \(\upmu\)m), placed 1.5 m from the combustion center. Ten measurements were performed for each sample and the average value was reported. Afterwards, by measuring the combustion duration, we calculated the combustion rate (13) and combustion flow (14) [25]. Thermal sensors measured the combustion temperature of the pyrotechnic composition. Meanwhile, the combustion coefficient (3) was also calculated to determine the aerosol quantity contained in the smoke cloud. \[v_{c}=\frac{\Delta H}{\Delta t_{c}} \tag{13}\]  
\[\dot{m}=\frac{\Delta m_{pc}}{\Delta t_{c}}=\rho\cdot S\cdot v_{c} \tag{14}\]  
where \(v_{c}\) is the combustion rate (m/s), \(\dot{m}\) is combustion flow (g/s), \(H\)--cylindrical tablets height (mm), \(m_{pc}\)--charge mass (g) and \(t_{c}\)--combustion time (the moment between the combustion charge starts to when it ends). The IR screening capacity was investigated using a constant volume, enclosed smoke testing chamber (cubic Plexiglas chamber with volume \(V_{ch}=0.512\) m\({}^{3}\)), so external meteorological factors did not influence the results. In the IR sensor path, two rectangular openings were cut out of the smoke chamber and covered with plastic foil to allow the radiation emitted by the target to reach the thermal camera. The smoke chamber test configuration is represented in Figure S1 (from Supplementary Materials). The optical system described above for determining combustion rate and combustion flow was also used in this setup. Besides, an _MWIR_ optoelectronic system (digital display format 640 \(\times\) 512 pixels, cooling detectors generation III, optical zoom 20 \(\times\), detection range 12 km, recognition range 4.5 km, wavebands 3-5 \(\upmu\)m) was also used, for a complete IR analysis (Figure S4 from Supplementary Materials). Relative humidity during the testing was 45% and temperature was 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Open field tests were designed to observe the target, measure the multispectral screening time, and include both a static and dynamic component. For these experiments, SGD with a diameter of 40 mm filled with 170 g of RP composition was used.