## 2 Materials and Methods
### Large-Scale Fermentation, Extraction, and Identification of Pure Compounds  
Large-scale fermentation was performed in a 100-L fermentor containing 70 L of RM in the following conditions: temperature 28 \({}^{\circ}\)C, aeration rate 0.5 vvm, agitation speed 200 rpm, 10% (\(v/v\)) seed culture, and working volume 70-L. After 10 d, the cell-free supernatant and fungal mycelia were extracted with EtOAc and methanol (MeOH) at room temperature to give EtOAc and MeOH extracts, respectively. Both extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue (25 g). The residue was suspended in water and successively partitioned with \(n\)-hexane, CH2 Cl2, and EtOAc to give the corresponding extracts. The CH2 Cl2 and EtOAc extracts were combined, concentrated, subjected to reversed-phase (RP) C18 column chromatography (CC) and eluted with gradient 30-100% MeOH to provide nine fractions, F1-F9. F1 was purified by RP C18 prep. HPLC using 23% acetonitrile in H2O as eluent to release **15** (2 mg), and the two subfractions F1.1 and F1.2. F1.1 was separated by RP C18 prep. HPLC, with elution of 43% MeOH to give **5** (1.7 mg). Compound **4** (5 mg) was isolated from F1.2 by RP C18 prep. HPLC using 43% MeOH as the mobile phase. F2 was subjected to purification using RP C18 prep. HPLC, with elution of 37% acetonitrile to afford **7** (9 mg) and **3** (5 mg). F3 was separated using RP C18 prep. HPLC, with a mobile phase of 43% acetonitrile to yield **6** (12 mg) and two subfractions F3.1 and F3.2. F3.1 was purified by RP C18 prep. HPLC, using 52% MeOH as the mobile phase to provide **8** (3 mg). Compound **2** (5 mg) was isolated from F1.2 by RP C18 prep. HPLC, using 43% MeOH as the mobile phase. F4 was separated using RP C18 prep. HPLC, with elution of 43% acetonitrile to provide two subfractions F4.1 and F4.2. F4.1 was purified by RP C18 prep. HPLC, using 26% acetonitrile as eluent to obtain  
**1** (2 mg). F4.2 was separated by RP C\({}_{18}\) prep. HPLC, using 74% MeOH as eluent to give **11** (2.1 mg). Similarly, **9** (1.7 mg) was purified from F5 using RP C\({}_{18}\) prep. HPLC (with elution of 43% acetonitrile and 60% MeOH). F7 was separated using RP C\({}_{18}\) prep. HPLC, with elution of 52% acetonitrile to give two subfractions, F7.1 and F7.2. F7.1 was further purified using 70% MeOH as a mobile phase to provide **10** (2.7 mg). Compound **12** (1.9 mg) was isolated from F7.2 by RP C\({}_{18}\) prep. HPLC using 78% MeOH as the mobile phase. The water extract was chromatographed over Diaion HP-20, using a gradient elution of MeOH in water to yield two fractions, W1 and W2. W1 was introduced to RP C\({}_{18}\) CC, eluting with gradient 20-100% MeOH to give three subfractions (W1.1-W1.3). W1.1 was further purified by silica gel CC, using CH\({}_{2}\)Cl\({}_{2}\)-MeOH (8:1, \(v/v\)) as eluent to give **14** (1.7 mg) and **13** (3.1 mg). Evaluation of Protective Effects of FUS on Yeast Cells during Oxidative Stress Provoked by H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)  
The _S. cerevisiae_ BY4741 wild type purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA were cultivated overnight in the Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose (YPD) medium at 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C and at 160 rpm. The overnight culture was transferred to the new YPD medium and adjusted to an optical density at an optical density at 500 nm (OD\({}_{500}\)) of 0.1. _S. cerevisiae_ BY4741 was cultivated until an OD\({}_{500}\) of 0.5 and treated with different FUS concentrations (2-4 mM) in a microwell plate. For the survival assay, the culture was incubated for 10 h at 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 6 \(\mu\)L of serial dilution was spotted onto YPD agar plates for 48 h.  
For the protective experiment, the exponential culture of _S. cerevisiae_ BY4741 was treated with 2 and 4 mM FUS for 1 h and shaken at 160 rpm and 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C, followed by exposure to 2 mM H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) for 1 h. Serially diluted cells were spread on YPD agar plates to count colony-forming units (CFUs) and cell viability [14].