# Machinability of Stone--Plastic Materials During Diamond Planing
## 1 Introduction  
In the flooring market, there is a tendency to use composite materials as flooring material instead of traditional materials, like high-density fiberboard and solid wood [1]. Among those advanced materials, the stone-plastic composite (SPC) has become one of the popular choices in flooring material, because it is stain-resistant, waterproof, environmentally friendly, durable, and easy to install [2]. SPC is made from calcium carbonate powder (CaCO\({}_{3}\)) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). After their combination in a specific ratio, the mixture is formed into panels in a hot press [3]. However, PVC has a poor heat stability. This can be a problem during SPC production, as PVC is easily degraded in the type of high-temperature environment that can occur during cutting, potentially affecting the integrity of the machined surface [4]. Furthermore, since CaCO\({}_{3}\) has a high hardness, it increases the wear rate of cutters, increasing costs and limiting productivity [5]. In the face of this difficult-to-cut material, diamond cutting tools appear to be the best choice [6]. Compared with other common cutter materials, such as cemented carbide [7] and ceramics [8], diamond cutting tools offer outstanding advantages. These include their low thermal expansion coefficient [9], high hardness [10], low friction coefficient [11], and high thermal conductivity [12]. Interest in the study of diamond cutting tools has recently increased [9]. When examining the state of research on material machinability with diamond cutting tools, it can be found that cutting forces, cutting heat, chip deformation, and cutting quality are important research objects in material processing theories. Those factors have a direction influence on tool design, energy consumption, machining methods, and production quality [13]. Cutting forces are affected by many factors, especially the cutting parameters. A series of experiments by [PERSON] et al. [14] involved diamond turning of hard metal. Their results indicated that the increase of cutting speed, feed rate, and cutting depth promoted an increase in cutting forces. In related cutting forces research, [PERSON] et al. [15] used diamond cutting tools to turn an aluminum alloy. They found that with increasing cutting depth and feed rate, there is a decrease in their effect on both thrust cutting force and principal cutting force. Power consumed in materials machining is mainly converted into cutting heat, which directly or indirectly causes machining problems, such as tool wear and a loss of machining precision [16]. An experimental study of diamond milling of silicon carbide was designed by [PERSON] et al. [17]; they found that cutting temperature decreases with an increase in cutting depth at a higher feed rate, but increases at low feed rates. They also stated that an increased cutting speed raises the cutting temperature at a high cutting depth, but decreases it at a low cutting speed. [PERSON] et al. [18] determined the effect of cutting depth and cutting speed on heat generation in diamond milling of aluminum alloys. They found that the cutting temperature initially increases and then decreases with an increase in cutting depth, but the cutting temperature increases steadily with an increase in cutting speed. Controlling chip deformation and motion is often important, as these factors can lead to superficial damage to the machined surface and reduce the service life of machining tools [19]. Based on their study of chip formation during cutting with diamond cutting tools, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [19] illustrated that cutting parameters and tool geometries have a great effect on chip deformation and motion. A chip deformation experiment of rock machined by a diamond cutter was performed by [PERSON] et al. [20]; they showed that cutting depth has a great effect on the chip shape, and chip size is directly proportional to the cutting depth.