## 2 Shock Tube Experimental Setup
### Shock Tube Experimental Cases  
The shock tube test was conducted in three different cases, considering factors such as the sealing of the left side of the driver section, the position and mass of the TNT, the contact between the target and the shock tube, and the presence of an expansion section. In case 1, the driver section, TNT position and mass, and the contact status between the shock tube and the target were considered. In case 2, the left-side sealing of the driver section was examined without using an expansion section. In case 3, the sealing of the driver section was assessed when the expansion section was utilized. In the tests, both the incident pressure and the reflected pressure were measured. The incident pressure was measured on the inner sidewall of the shock tube, while the reflected pressure was measured on the target. Figure 2 presents the experimental setup for case 1. In case 1, the study focused on examining the effect of TNT positioning within the driver section, differentiating between placements at the center and the left side. Additionally, the effect of target contact was examined. The left side of the driver section was sealed, and no expansion section was used. Pso shows the location of incident pressure sensors. Figure 2a shows the experimental setup for case 1-1, where the TNT is positioned at the center of the driver section, and the target is not in contact with the shock tube. Detonations were conducted eight times with varying TNT masses (4.5 kg three times, 9 kg three times, 13.5 kg once, and 18 kg once). Figure 2b displays the setup for case 1-2, where the TNT is positioned on the left side of the driver section, with the target in contact with the shock tube. Six detonations were performed with different TNT masses (4.4 kg three times, 8.8 kg two times, and 13.2 kg once). Figure 3 presents the experimental setup for case 2. In case 2, the study focused on examining the effects of the driver section being sealed. The TNT was positioned on the  
Figure 1: Shock tube system. left side of the driver section, with no expansion section used, and the target was in contact with the shock tube. Figure 2(a) shows the experimental setup for case 2-1, where the driver section is sealed. Detonations were conducted a total of 14 times, with varying TNT masses (0.45 kg six times, 0.9 kg five times, and 1.35 kg three times). Figure 2(b) shows the setup for case 2-2, where the driver section is not sealed. In this case, detonations were conducted 5 times, with varying TNT masses (0.45 kg two times and 0.9 kg three times). Figure 3(a) presents the experimental setup for case 3. In case 3, the study focused on examining the effects of the driver section being sealed when an expansion section was used. The TNT was positioned on the left side of the driver section and the target was in contact with the shock tube. Figure 3(a) shows the experimental setup for case 3-1, where the driver section is sealed. In case 3-1, detonations were conducted a total of 15 times, with varying TNT masses (1 kg eight times, 2 kg two times, 4.4 kg three times, 8.8 kg once, and 17.6 kg once). Figure 3(b) shows the experimental setup for case 3-2, where the driver section is left unsealed. In case 3-2, detonations were conducted a total of 5 times, with varying TNT masses (4.4 kg four times and 8.8 kg once). Figure 3: Experimental setup for case 2: (a) case 2-1; (b) case 2-2. Figure 2: Experimental setup for case 1: (a) case 1-1; (b) case 1-2. A summary of the experimental setup for each case is shown in Table 2.  
In the shock tube test, data were measured for both Pso (incident pressure) and Pr (reflected pressure). Table 3 shows the Pso measurement locations. Table 4 shows the locations of the Pr measurements taken at the target, with reference to the center of the shock tube.