# Environmental Criteria in the Spanish Public Works Procurement Process
## 4 Results  
The results obtained in the tendering analysis show that 35% of the projects studied include references to environmental criteria. The definitions and descriptions of the different environmental tendering criteria identified in the study sample are described in Table 1.  
As can be seen in Table 1, the possession of Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), ISO 14001, or similar certificates does not appear as an environmental tendering criterion, so the rules of the European Union and Spanish laws are fulfilled. All the environmental criteria described at Table 1 are valued judgements criteria, there is not criteria valued through formulae, and so environmental criteria can be considered for this sample as a value judgement criteria. Also in the tendering documents there are not a list of minimum requirements for the environmental criteria neither partial scores in function of some of the items offered. The description of the different environmental criteria is quite similar, it is a list of environmental matters that must be taken into account or a series of possible measures (energy saving, the use of renewable energy, the use of sustainable materials with a long life cycle, etc.) to avoid the degradation of the environmental related with the work. These measures may be found in the GPP recommendations from the European Commission for the contracting of construction works and civil engineering [68]. The distribution of environmental criteria in the construction sector shows that 22 of the 35 tenders belong to the public works subsector (62.9%) and 13 belong to the building subsector (37.1%). In the former subsector, the tenders with environmental criteria account for 22 out of 47 total tenders, i.e., 46.8%. In the building subsector 13 out of 53 tenders had environmental criteria, i.e., 24.5%, which shows that the use of environmental criteria is more common in civil engineering projects. According to geographical scope, the results show that environmental criteria are used mostly widely by the administrative bodies at the national level, in 62.5% of the cases (10 of 16 projects). In the autonomous regions, this figure was 29.7% (11 of 37 projects), and for the local administrations, 33.3% (14 of 42 projects). There were no cases of environmental criteria being used at the provincial level. In the analysis between tenders with environmental criteria and the Contract Execution Budget (CEB), the results show that 36.4% of the projects with a CEB between \(\ell\)1,000,001-\(\ell\)5,000,000 and 36.4% of the projects with a CEB between \(\ell\)5,000,001 and \(\ell\)10,000,000 contain environmental criteria. At a national level, 72.7% of the tenders with a CEB greater than \(\ell\)10,000,000 have environmental criteria and only 13.1% in projects with a CEB lower than \(\ell\)1,000,000. The weighting of the environmental criteria in the total tender was studied. The maximum weight of the environmental criterion is 15 points of a total of 100 points. The average weight of the 35 works of the sample is 5.7 points over a hundred. The most used weight is \"5 points\", occurring on 10 occasions.