# Ensemble Machine Learning Model to Predict the Waterborne Syndrome
## 5 Discussions
These categories comprised most water usage types. Our research revealed that, despite the lack of significant variation among patients regarding water usage, the main variations appeared in terms of the proportion of water used for different needs. We also found that tube well water was the most common source of water used for daily needs, which is a better statistic when compared to similar research conducted in Cameroon [31], where spring water was found to be the most common source (43%), followed by river water (23%), tap water (21%) and water from wells (13%). This research also showed that even though tap water and tube water are the most common sources, the water supply pipelines appear to be contaminated by physical, chemical, and biological changes that occur before the water reaches the household. The toiletry management findings predicted in this research show that, regardless of age or gender, the secondary source of contracting the diarrheal disease was due to the lack of washing one's hands after using the toilet; this result concurs with previous studies. E. coli bacteria may survive for up to 10 min on unwashed hands; Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria can survive for up to 2.5 h, and Shigella sonnei bacteria can survive for up to 3 h [32; 33]. Hence, patients who are not washing their hands are more prone to acquiring a sickness through contamination, especially during eating and drinking. The recommended best practices are washing hands with soap after defecating, cleaning infants and children, and before eating and preparing food. These methods were proven by previous research to be highly effective and fall within the protocols of COVID-19 pandemic hygiene maintenance on handwashing [34]. An additional research study also found that washing hands properly with soap substantially reduces the risk of diarrhea [35]. Previous research also found that people who wash their hands after defecating should not clean with dirty clothes to avoid contamination [36]. Various physical and chemical procedures have been proposed to maintain water quality for home requirements because of medical advancements [37]. Boiling, heating (based on fuel and solar energy), filtering, exposing to ultraviolet sunshine, and employing ultraviolet lamps for sterilization are all physical methods for cleaning water. Precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, coagulation-flocculation, and disinfection using germicidal chemicals are chemical processes for water purification (predominantly with chlorine). Unfortunately, many of these strategies are unproductive in rural areas [33; 38]. As part of this study, it was found that most of the patients (18.97%) used physical methods for water purification, while 12.13% used chemical compounds for water purification. A similar study conducted in Cameroon [31] found that 33% did not treat water with any method, 25% treated water through boiling, 17% used chemicals for treating water, 15% sediment their water, and 10% filtered their water prior to drinking. A similar study conducted in Pakistan [39] found that 60% of participants used community-supplied water, 12.67% boiled their water prior to drinking, 6% filtered their water and approximately 0.67% used chemical treatments (predominantly Alum). A research study in Guatema [40] found that the microbiological quality of drinking water was significantly improved through boiling. This was why the researchers associated it with a reduction in \"mean thermos tolerant coliforms\" (86.2%). Regarding antibiotics, Azithromycin was the most common type of drug prescribed (68%), followed by Metronidazoleze (49.5%) and Ciprofloxacin (28.11%); Ceftriaxone was the least prescribed drug (12.13%). Regarding antiemetes (drugs used to prevent nausea and vomiting), Ondansetron was the most prescribed (34.21%), followed by Domperidone (5.13%). Regarding antispasmodic-agent drugs (used for muscle-spasm-related symptoms), Tiemonium Methylsulphate was prescribed for 21.62% of patients. Loperamide (used to decrease diarrhea) was prescribed for 37.79% of patients.