## 1 Introduction
### Literature Review  
The past literature and ongoing research have primarily focused on specific aspects of UABS-based communications rather than considering all elements of the air-ground HetNet (AG-HetNet) and the wireless network as a whole. In particular, taking into account the distribution of users in the post-disaster scenario, such as after a hurricane or earthquake. In a post-disaster scenario, civilians and first responders gather at safe shelters, leading to localized clustering of users at specific locations within the AG-HetNet. To this end, the role of UAVs as UABSs has been explored to provide LTE-Advance/5G services to civilians and first responders. However, the deployment of UABSs tends to introduce inter-cell interference with the existing infrastructure. In this section, we investigate the primary focus of the past literature and ongoing research and compare the findings to the contributions in this article. In particular, refs. [10; 15; 18; 20] have analyzed the performance of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted cellular networks with clustered users using a stochastic framework. A UAV-based ad hoc network was proposed in [10; 15; 20] to improve the overall performance of the network and enhance user experience in terms of throughput, coverage, and energy efficiency, respectively. In [18], a statistical framework was proposed where users in a post-disaster scenario are modeled using the traditional [PERSON] and Thomas cluster process. Furthermore, numerical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation are considered to verify the find closed-form expressions, which quantified the performance and gains in terms of coverage probability, spectral efficiency, and energy efficiency of the user downlink. However, during the investigation and performance analysis, the authors did not consider the significance of the 3 GPP Release-10 and Release-11 ICIC techniques for the AG-HetNet deployments. Similar extensive studies to evaluate UAV-based ad hoc PSC have been conducted in [21; 22; 23; 24]. The wireless network model under investigation focused on optimizing limited aspects such as coverage, interference analysis, resource optimization, and user scheduling using suitable heuristic approaches. However, the authors did not consider the AG-HetNet scenario with the inclusion of 3 GPP-defined ICIC and positive-bias cell range expansion techniques. The 3 GPP Release-10 and Release-11 ICIC techniques have been studied in [25; 26; 27] for HetNets. For example, ref. [25] proposes algorithms that jointly optimize the inter-cell interference parameters, association rules for ground users in HetNet, and the spectrum resources shared between the terrestrial macro and small cells. However, the 3 GPP Release-11 FelCIC technique for better radio resource utilization and positive bias range expansion at small cells for offloading a larger number of ground users to small cells was not considered in [25]. Nevertheless, refs. [25; 26; 27] do not consider UABSs nor address any UABS integration issues into an existing HetNet. With AG-HetNet under consideration in articles [4; 5; 17; 28; 29], the effectiveness of the 3 GPP Release-10 enhanced ICIC (eICIC) and Release-11 further-enhanced ICIC (FeICIC) techniques were investigated. In particular, the effectiveness of the 3 GPP Release-10 enhanced ICIC (eICIC) and Release-11 further-enhanced ICIC (FeICIC) techniques while taking positive bias cell range expansion (CRE) at UABS was taken into account and has been studied in [4; 5; 17; 28]. The authors in these articles have considered a similar approach to the system model and considered various meta-heuristic algorithms to address challenges of interference mitigation and jointly optimize resource block scheduling, positive bias CRE, and the UAV locations to achieve mission-critical coverage and throughput. Whereas, in [29], the authors compared the performance of interference management for PSC for the eICIC, FeICIC, and coordinated multipoint for the coordinated scheduling technique using a deep learning-based approach.