# Abrasion-Resistant and Temperature Control of
## 2 Anti-Scouring and Abrasion-Resistant Performance Test on Concrete
### Test Results and Discussions
#### 2.3.3 PVA Fiber Effect  
Table 6 provides the results of the test on high-strength concrete performance using PVA fiber. Figure 7 shows the change rules of the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and anti-scouring and abrasion-resistant strength of concrete with test age. As shown in Figure 7a, after doping PVA fiber into concrete, the compressive strength of concrete slightly increased with increasing dosage of PVA fiber but the change amplitude was very small. At the age of 90 day, when the dosages of PVA fiber were 0.8%, 0.9% and 1.0%, the compressive strengths of the concrete specimen were 55.0, 55.8 and 56.5 MPa, respectively. Compared to the dosage of 0.8%, the compressive strengths of the concrete specimen at the dosages of 0.9% and 1.0% increased by 1.45% and 2.73%, respectively, and thus the increase amplitudes were relatively small because the dosage of PVA fiber mixed in concrete was relatively low and the PVA fiber with stable physical and chemical properties in concrete would not modify the physical or chemical properties of concrete. In brief, doping a small amount of PVA fiber in concrete would not exert any substantial effect on the compressive strength of concrete. According to Figure 7b, the splitting tensile strength of concrete increased with increasing dosage of PVA fiber. At the age of 7 day, when the dosages of PVA fiber were 0.8%, 0.9% and 1.0%, the splitting tensile strengths of the concrete specimen were 2.51, 2.59 and 2.65 MPa, respectively. Compared to the dosage of 0.8%, the splitting tensile strengths of the concrete specimen at the dosages of 0.9% and 1.0% increased by 3.19% and 5.58%, respectively. At the test age of 90 day, when the dosages of PVA fiber were 0.8%, 0.9% and 1.0%, the splitting tensile strengths of the concrete specimen were 3.65, 3.72 and \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Mixture No.**} & **PVA Fiber** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Compressive Strength/MPa**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Split Tensile Strength/MPa**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Abrasion Resistant/h/g/cm\({}^{3}\)-1**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & **Content/\%** & **7 day** & **28 day** & **90 day** & **7 day** & **28 day** & **90 day** & **28 day** & **90 day** \\ \hline F208 SP0.8 & 0.8 & 29.5 & 43 & 55 & 2.51 & 3.2 & 3.65 & 10.25 & 11.09 \\ \hline F208 SP0.9 & 0.9 & 30 & 43.3 & 55.8 & 2.59 & 3.28 & 3.72 & 10.36 & 11.48 \\ \hline F208 SP1.0 & 1.0 & 30.1 & 44.4 & 56.5 & 2.65 & 3.38 & 4 & 10.35 & 11.62 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Test results of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber effect on concrete. Figure 7: Effect of PVA fiber on concrete properties. (**a**) Compressive strength; (**b**) split tensile strength; (**c**) abrasion resistance. 4.0 MPa, respectively. Compared to the dosage of 0.8%, the splitting tensile strengths of the concrete specimen at the dosages of 0.9% and 1.0% increased by 1.92% and 9.59%, respectively. This was because the splitting tensile strength of concrete was mainly embodied in its toughness and could reflect its ability to absorb energy in failure. After a small amount of PVA fiber was mixed in concrete, due to the fibrotic meshed structure of PVA fiber and its high bonding strength with concrete matrix, when stress was transmitted from the matrix to the PVA fiber, the latter would consume energy as a result of deformation and increase the load and macroscopic deformation of the concrete component upon initial cracking. Besides, as listed in Table 3, the PVA fiber used in the test was characterized by fine extensibility, high elastic modulus and high compressive strength, indicating that once concrete began to crack, PVA fiber would bridge the gap between the crack walls and prevent the rapid propagation of the crack. In addition, PVA would be pulled out or fractured only when stress exceeded the bonding strength between the PVA fiber and matrix or the tensile strength of PVA fiber. Thus, PVA fiber could significantly improve the fracture toughness and tensile strength of concrete.