# An Improved Detail-Enhancement CycleGAN Using AdaLIN for Facial Style Transfer
## 4 Experiment
### Ablation Study  
To analyze the importance and role of each module, ablation experiments were conducted in this paper. The result of the ablation study is shown in Figure 8.  
In Figure 8, we analyze our model using different variables. It can be observed that in the structure using only AdaIN (the first row in Figure 8), although most of the content is preserved, there are issues like extremely uneven patches in sample 1 (the first column) and missing details in the eyebrows. Sample 3 (the third column) exhibits extremely uneven skin color, with visible artifacts at the face edges, and sample 4 (the fourth column) shows a noticeable loss of eye details and inconsistent hair color trends. The structure with AdaLIN (the second row in Figure 8) shows improvements in certain aspects, such as sample 2 (the second column). However, artifacts around the face are evident in sample 1, affecting the overall image quality. This issue is also visible in sample 3 and sample 6 (the sixth column), and sample 5 (the fifth column) shows poorly generated style. Our proposed method using AdaLIN+Laplacian (the last row in Figure 8) further improves detail and image generation quality. Artifacts at the face edges in sample 1 and sample 6 are eliminated, and the eyebrow details in sample 1 are well presented. Sample 2 preserves eye details \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Method** & FID \(\downarrow\) \\ \hline CycleGAN & 45.34 \\ MUNIT & 50.01 \\ WarpGAN & 36.28 \\ CarrigAN & 41.77 \\ XGAN & 40.35 \\ StyleCariGAN & 37.29 \\ CarilMe & 33.56 \\ Proposed & **33.28** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: FID score tables for each method. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Method** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Score**} \\ \cline{2-3}  & **Mean \(\uparrow\)** & **Std \(\downarrow\)** \\ \hline CycleGAN & 0.7482 & 0.8874 \\ Image2 StyleGAN & 0.9265 & - \\ Hierarchical Optimization & 0.9526 & - \\ S-Embedding & 0.9701 & - \\ CariGAN & 0.9126 & 0.8734 \\ XGAN & 0.8542 & 0.9068 \\ StyleCariGAN & 0.9618 & 0.8735 \\ CariMe & 0.8976 & 0.8993 \\ Proposed & **0.9772** & **0.9182** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: SSIM and MS-SSIM score tables for each method. perfectly with rich colors, aligning with human aesthetics. Sample 3 and sample 5 exhibit more natural skin tone transitions, clearly displaying facial wrinkle information. The scores of objective and subjective evaluations for each part of the ablation experiment are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively. By analyzing the results of the ablation experiments and comparing the second and third rows of Figure 8, we can understand the roles of the AdaLIN module and the Laplacian module. When the original image has noticeable highlights on the face, the model with the AdaLIN module preserves the details of these highlights during style transfer, resulting in a more realistic and delicate color representation in the generated image. Similarly, comparing the second and fourth rows of Figure 8, we observe that when there are artifacts from noise in the original image, the model with the Laplacian module handles the color transition at the portrait edges better during style transfer. This improves the overall quality by avoiding artifacts and unnatural color transitions, leading to a more refined generated image. From an objective evaluation perspective, the FID scores of the proposed method in this paper are improved by 20.88% and 17.47%, respectively, highlighting the significant impact of both the AdaLIN module and the Laplacian module on the imaging effect. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Method** & **FID \(\downarrow\)** & **SSIM \(\uparrow\)** & **MS-SSIM \(\uparrow\)** \\ \hline CycleGAN + AdaIN & 42.57 & 0.7743 & 0.8995 \\ CycleGAN + AdaLIN & 40.81 & 0.7812 & 0.9014 \\ Proposed & **33.28** & **0.9772** & **0.9182** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: FID, SSIM and MS-SSIM score tables for the ablation study.