## 4 Discussion of System Configuration and Performance Analysis
### Design Concept Circuit Development and Simulation  
The Proteus design suite is a proprietary software tool, being used for electronic circuit design and automation. The software is used mainly for electrical and electronic designs to create schematics and electronic prints for circuit configurations. The schematics captured in the Proteus suite are for both the design phase development and component configurations analysis. The signal conditioning unit accepts the input signal from the sensors and gives conditioned output voltage to correspond with the range of each parameter. A constant voltage circuit source keeps component operating within a broad range of input voltage for the concept application. The liquid crystal display (LCD) presents information about the status of thermal condition behaviors. It helps to understand the condition characteristics when the alert notifications are issued. The LCD gives the alert interpretations, which further confirm or disprove false data sent. The design circuit development analysis went through four stages of simulation exercises to confirm the design performance and also to verify alert notification responses. The configuration had the following elements for a cursory appearance on the Proteus suite: LCD monitor, ZigBee/ GSM modules, ATMEGA328P microcontroller Arduino unit, and the virtual terminal view of ZigBee/GSM including power supply source. There are also five thermal sensors with WSNs monitors on the plane. The thermal effects are configured with LM35 and identified as solar PV module = T1, battery storage with inverter = T2, wind turbine = T3, protection control unit = T4, and cables/conductors = T5. The circuit operates according to the algorithm per the temperature threshold settings. In Figure 9, the diagram illustrates the normal operating temperatures for threshold from 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The design displayed regular system operation performance in conformity with the configuration temperature settings within range. The LCD presented temperature data from T1 to T5. The indicated measurements according to the simulation were; T1 = 16 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T2 = 19 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T3 = 22 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T4 = 26 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and T5 = 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The measurements were both confirmed for the ZigBee transceiver WSNs nodes at the field for operations and DMS-DMU. The temperatures were indicated on the virtual terminal window of ZigBee/GSM module to confirm the system operations and data transmitted. The operating conditions had no SMS alerts because the temperatures were within the configuration range. The system stores the data for operation and maintenance purposes. The system abnormal temperature conditions below the minimum operating threshold is simulated in Figure 10. The analysis illustrates out of range threshold scenario. The system measured temperatures below the minimum threshold of 15 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The measured temperatures are shown as; T1 = 12 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T2 = 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T3 = 14 \({}^{\circ}\)C, T4 = 6 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and T5 = 13 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Again, the LCD monitor indicated condition status of \"System Abnormal\" beneath the displayed temperatures. The virtual terminal window for ZigBee/GSM module presents overall system temperature performance details with SMS alert activation commands through an assigned GSM link. All five thermal effect sensors displayed \"Temp below threshold\" to attest the abnormal system conditions. The alert notification commands could be configured as remedial control solutions for system actuation. Figure 8: Critical alert maximum temperature above 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Alternatively, Figure 11 presented an analysis of system abnormal condition for out of range temperatures above maximum operating threshold settings. The diagram depicts the temperature measured indications above 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The LCD monitor showed 31 \({}^{\circ}\)C recordings for all the five thermal effect sensors as above maximum temperature threshold.