## 6 Open Concerns and Potential Developments
### Trends  
The following are the trends in IoT-based smart healthcare management:  
1. Blockchain: Blockchain is a possible solution for the edge/IoT environment in the future. Health data can be securely managed and analyzed using blockchain technology. It is the greatest technology for the healthcare system because it cannot be altered or deleted from blocks [8]. It may be that the Internet of edge-blocks can be used to help the current edge-IoT environment handle decentralized end-user requests transparently and autonomously. Furthermore, it is a permanent, clear consensus system that relies on peer-to-peer and distributed communication rather than centralised authority; it is also an immutable, clear consensus protocol. Due to the fact that researchers have not given this issue much consideration, blockchain in HIoT may prove to be an important future development. 2. Tactile Internet: The term Tactile Internet (TI) refers to the concept of sensory connectedness on the Internet [6]. In a digital environment, it develops perception skills by reproducing stimuli and senses using standardized communication among devices. Researchers are looking into TI-based applications in the areas of healthcare and robotics in particular as a result of the emergence of 5G communications technology. TI can be used in a variety of ways in healthcare, including [PERSON]'s disease tremor suppression, remote surgery, interactive medical training, trauma rehabilitation, and virtual and augmented reality. As a result, TI applications offer some HIoT possibilities that could present worthwhile research opportunities in the future. 3. Software-Defined Networks/Network Function Virtualization: Support for software-defined networks (SDN) in IoT systems helps improve IoT administration due to resource constraints. The integration of IoT and network function virtualization (NFV) allows for the rapid creation, administration, and deployment of novel applicant-based services. Future research in this exciting area will aid in meeting the QoS needs of HIoT [44]. 4. Online Social Networks: In the digital era, online social networks can serve as a reliable platform link between healthcare providers and healthcare consumers at any time and in any place. Through this paradigm, remote healthcare providers can share health data with their patients through computationally and strongly resource-rich social networks. Social network nodes include friendship, employment, shared interests, knowledge, status, and other nodes that can be collocated to exchange information, knowledge, or financial assistance. This HIoT paradigm is a whole new arena for predicting a patient's health status, and it offers numerous research opportunities. 5. Big Data Analytics: Modern smart healthcare solutions are built upon IoT big data analytics. Consequently, the development of contemporary medical telematics and informatics, including illness diagnosis, remote and instantaneous health monitoring, preventative systems, and emergency and alerting systems, is attributable to the convergence of big data analytics and the Internet of Things [46]. Combined with a complex background of other health-related information, data collected from diverse devices in IoT environments contains a great deal of long-term information about users' personal lives. In order to generate intelligence for the creation of policies and more informed clinical decision making, it is important to investigate how to explore all of this huge data under IoT systems. However, this topic has not received much attention among all the investigations. In IoT-based healthcare systems, big data analytics are therefore needed for further research. 6. Service Quality: Applications using instantaneous HIoT have recently been developed. QoS concerns revolve around HIoT data's quality and timeliness for supporting decisions.