## 1 Introduction  
With the availability of distributed generation (DG) and energy storage systems (ESSs), the application of advanced information communication and power electronics technologies, and the utilization of demand-side resources, the traditional distribution network is gradually developing into a multicoordinated active distribution network (ADN) [1]. The important feature of the ADN is openness and interaction. Compared with the past, the power sources, networks, and demand-side loads in the ADN have changed greatly and have strong flexibility. With the cooperation of flexible power sources, the predictability and controllability of various intermittent renewable energy sources have been greatly improved. In terms of loads, flexible loads are increasingly becoming the trend of load development. By combining controllable conventional loads with various energy storage components and demand-side response means, increasing regulation demand of the power system can be adapted. The development of information technology has also facilitated the exchange of information between the source, network, and loads and has enhanced the interactions among the three. In addition, access to various power electronic devices also enhances the controllability of the power grid. All of these new changes provide convenient conditions for the coordinated operation of the source-network-load of the ADN, making it an important development trend in the future. Measurement devices, communication equipment, and control systems make up the essential backbone of ADN operation. In order to ensure reliable operation of the ADN and effective control of the source-network-load, first it is necessary to ensure reliable monitoring and communication of DGs and ESSs. Reference [2] proposes a new solution for the remote monitoring and control of DGs and ESSs connected to distribution networks with the function of voltage regulation and power shuttering. Reference [3] develops a new interface device solution and a proper communication architecture, which allows implementing remote control of DG power production or islanding detection. Reference [4] proposes a new method considering power lines as an alternative communication medium for remote monitoring applications of smart grids for renewable energy sources. Second, the network side can realize the monitoring, control, and fast fault isolation of a distribution network by means of automated distribution technology. One way to achieve distribution automation is by implementing substation automation systems [5]. For the demand-side resources, communication technologies such as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) can acquire the user-side information in time, so as to formulate the corresponding incentive scheme and actively manage the user-side load, which ensures the smooth implementation of demand-side management and demand response [6]. In view of the optimal scheduling problem of the ADN, relevant research has been carried out from different angles. Aiming at the uncertainties of wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) cell output, an energy-optimal scheduling model for an ADN with WTs, PV cells, and ESSs is proposed based on chance constrained programming in reference [7]. In reference [8], the optimal scheduling operation of an ADN is considered. However, the optimization object is limited to the active and reactive \"source\" of the ADN and does not involve flexible topology adjustment of the network and flexible load control. To be part of the network reconfiguration, distributed generation and distribution network reconfiguration are optimized together to minimize total power loss and improve the voltage stability index in [9]. As user-side resources gradually participate in the demand response (DR), researchers began to study demand response models. The main purpose of the DR is to minimize customers' electricity payment [10] or achieve a generally uniform electricity load profile [11].