## 1 Introduction  
Durian (_Durio_ sp.) is known as the 'King of Fruits' that grow seasonally in tropical Asia, gaining worldwide attention with its iconic intimidating spiky husk. Besides its admirable flavour, durian is also well-known for the offensive smell that could be overpoweringly unpleasant to those unfamiliar with it. Durian's offensive smell has been described as abominable; an offensive blend of aged cheese and onions with turpentine flavouring [1]. However, the demand for durians has surged as more consumers express interest in this delicacy with a distinctive flavour, making the durian industry more alluring for global importers and exporters. According to Tridge Intelligence [2], Thailand is the biggest exporter of durians, responsible for 46.7% of global exports taking the total to a USD 689.43 million export value. Hong Kong overtook China to take over as the top importer of durians in the same year, with 224.22 million metric tons of imports totallingUSD 717.37 million. China's participation in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), which is the world's largest trade bloc, accounting for 30% of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), has made it easier for China to import fresh fruits from Southeast Asian nations such as Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia, the three-leading durian-producing countries [3]. In Malaysia, due to its potential to create new revenue streams for local farmers, durian is regarded as a gold commodity for agriculture in the future [4]. At present, the genus _Durio_ consists of approximately 30 species worldwide, of which only ten species produce edible fruits, i.e., _Durio dulcis_, _Durio graveelens_, _Durio grandiflora_, _Durio kutejensis_, _Durio kinahaluensis_, _Durio kujanus_, _Durio oblongus_, _Durio oxleyanus_, _Durio testudinarius_, and _Durio zibethinus_ while the remaining species produce either extremely unpalatable (inedible) or arilles fruits [5; 6]. The island of Borneo is the center of _Durio_ distribution, where Kalimantan has the highest diversity of _Durio_ with 18 endemic species [7], while Sabah and Sarawak have 14 and 16 _Durio_ species, respectively [8; 9]. _Durio zibethinus_, is the most economically significant and widely cultivated [10], while the other edible durian still occurs wild in the tropical forest [5], and some may face the danger of extinction or may already be extinct. In Sarawak, the indigenous edible durians of _D. graveelens_ (isu), _D. kutejensis_ (nyekak), _D. oxleyanus_ (durian daun), and _D. zibethinus_ (durian kampung) are domesticated and widely sold at Tamu markets at a good fetching price. These indigenous species could provide a steady source of nutrition and income for local people in rural areas. The other indigenous edible species of _Durio_ are still found in the wild, but occasionally they can be found semi-domesticated. The wild edible _Durio_ species are equally valuable to _D. zibethinus_ as they have the potential as fruits tree crops themselves, although not widely grown near the scale of _D. zibethinus_. [PERSON] [11], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [12] and [PERSON] et al. [13] stated that these wild _Durio_ species have superior quality traits as they have high aesthetic value in terms of their pericarp and anil colours, unique taste and aroma, and some of the species have high disease resistances. These local durians are diverse in shape, taste, and smell, which holds great promise for future domestication. The aroma of durian was controversial since long ago, which is often described as a fruity, offensive, and onion-like odor due to the presence of volatile esters and sulfur-containing compounds [14]. Fruit aroma is an important factor in durian acceptance by consumers [4]. In fact, taste and aroma influence each other, and aroma is considered a fundamental component of fruit flavour [15]. Fruit aromas differ noticeably due to variations in the composition and content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).