## 5 Conclusions and Future Work  
The identification of SFBC waveforms was considered for OFDM broadcasts in the setting of IQD parameters over anonymous radio links. We integrated the radio links into the IQD effects at both ends of the transmission chain to form equivalent wireless connections. The offered method simultaneously recognizes SFBC waveforms, calculates the IQM at each station, and monitors channel taps across broadcaster and receiver antennas, eliminating the requirement to employ several algorithms. We developed an original maximum likelihood technique for assessing the relevant parameters. In order to efficiently implement the stated technique, we used an expectation maximization iterative approach. The following are various benefits that result from our suggested method.  
* The stated method makes use of the iterative nature of contemporary error control decoders. To be more precise, the soft information produced by the error control detector is leveraged in an iterative manner to enhance the estimation and recognition processes. Moreover, it can function with any detection process, as the detector is capable of computing the a posteriori probabilities of the information bits.
* The proposed algorithm can be utilized in place of many independently operating algorithms to predict the sender and receiver IQD parameters, to estimate the channel taps, and to recognize SFBC signals.
* It can be employed with any collection of SFBC signals, regardless of the form their transmission matrices may take.
* It keeps the degree of computational expenditure at a bearable level while maintaining an outstanding performance.  
In simulations, using the suggested recognizer in tandem with the supplied estimator yielded results extremely near to those obtained in the perfect scenario when all of the parameters were available in advance. The suggested approach also performed better than the state-of-the-art algorithms described in the literature. The following is a list of prospective future work.  
* The current recognition and estimation algorithm needs a quasi-static link over the emitted frame period. Modifying the algorithm to accommodate time-varying channels requires additional research.
* Additional exploration is required to develop SFBC recognition algorithms in the presence of other transmission impairments, such as frequency offsets and phase noise.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.M. and H.M.; methodology, M.M. and H.M.; software, M.M. and H.M.; validation, M.M. and H.M.; formal analysis, M.M. and H.M.; investigation, M.M. and A.S.; resources, A.S. and H.M.; data creation, M.M. and H.M.; writing--original draft preparation, M.M. and H.M.; writing--review and editing, A.S. and H.M.; visualization, M.M. and H.M.; supervision, M.M. and H.M.; project administration, M.M. and H.M.; funding acquisition, M.M. and A.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2023R137). Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Prince Sultan University for paying the article processing charges (APC) for this publication.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.