# Formation Mechanism and Response Strategies for Urban Waterlogging: A Comprehensive Review
## 3 Analytical Framework
### Numerical Simulation
#### 3.3.2 Simulation of Urban Flooding  
The impact of urban morphology on flooding has been a key research focus in recent years, with numerous studies utilizing numerical simulations to explore the role of urban characteristics on flood flow [84; 85; 86]. [PERSON] et al. [8] generated 2000 synthetic urban patterns and utilized an improved anisotropic porosity model, revealing a significant relationship between urban morphology and flood depth. [PERSON] et al. [87] simulated flood propagation in urban areas using a two-dimensional shallow water model, finding that buildings have a notable impact on both flood depth and wave velocity. [PERSON] et al. [88] assessed the role of concave green spaces in mitigating urban flooding in Shanghai through urban flood simulations and scenario analyses, indicating that concave green spaces can significantly reduce runoff and inundation areas, thus enhancing community resilience. [PERSON] et al. [89] simulated flood risks under various urban expansion policies, discovering that strict control of development can significantly alleviate flood impacts, while excessive densification may exacerbate risks. [PERSON] et al. [90] proposed a method for reconstructing the hydrodynamic dynamics of urban flooding events using non-traditional information sources, such as videos, photographs, and news reports. By combining the \begin{table}
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**Reference** & **Year and Analysis** & **Numerical Models** & **Contents** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [41] & 2015 Urban flood risk warning under rapid urbanization & Prediction Model & Establish an urban flood prediction model and propose a multi-indicator fuzzy assessment early warning method based on the DPSIR model for flood risk warning in rapidly urbanizing areas. & Establish an urban flood prediction model assessment early warning method based on the DPSIR model for flood risk warning in rapidly urbanizing areas. & Establish an urban flood prediction model assessment early warning method based on the DPSIR model for flood risk warning in rapidly urbanizing areas. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [81] & 2022 A novel spatiotemporal multi-attribute method for assessing flood risks in urban spaces & Decision Model & Combine climate change and population growth scenarios for flood risk perception and optimized management decision-making. \\ \[PERSON] et al. [82] & 2021 Modeling the dynamics and walking accessibility of urban open spaces under various policy scenarios & Simulation Model & Integrate cellular automata and system dynamics to simulate the dynamic development of open spaces under different construction time lag scenarios. & Integrate cellular automata and system dynamics to simulate the dynamic development of open spaces under different construction time lag scenarios. \\ \[PERSON] et al. [47] & 2021 GIS-based ensemble computational models for flood susceptibility prediction in the Quang Bin Province, Vietnam & Prediction Model & Develop a flood susceptibility prediction model using the PART classifier and various ensemble learning techniques. \\ \[PERSON] et al. [1] & 2020 Influence of urban forms on surface flow in urban pluvial flooding & Surface Flow Model & Use an efficient porosity-based surface flow model to calculate and analyze the impact of nine urban characteristics on surface flow during heavy rainfall events. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [7] & 2020 CFD modeling of the transport of soluble pollutants from sewer networks to surface flows during urban floods & Numerical Model & Establish a three-dimensional CFD model to quantitatively analyze the interaction between pipeline flow and surface flow, as well as solute transport. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [83] & 2020 A unified framework for the assessment of multiple source urban flash flood hazard & Unified Urban Flash Flood Model & Analyze the flood risk in the city of Monza and develop a unified urban flash flood model to capture flood sources from rivers and drainage systems. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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