# Development of a Digital Well Management System
## 3 Results  
### Module \"Complications\"  
The process of extraction and collection of hydrocarbons is accompanied by a number of technological complications, namely: the formation of wax deposition, the formation of high-viscosity emulsions, salt formation, corrosion of oilfield equipment, the presence of mechanical impurities in the product, and a high gas factor [37]. The operation of the \"Complications\" module involves constant monitoring of the operation parameters of an oil well and peripheral equipment in order to identify the occurrence of a particular complication. This module will allow:  
1. Reduce operating costs due to the consumption of chemicals to deal with complications, optimize the operation of auxiliary equipment, reduce well maintenance costs, and reduce labor costs for maintenance personnel;
2. Reduce downtime of technological equipment by optimally selecting the parameters of its operation, preventing operation in an inefficient mode, optimizing methods for dealing with complications and preventing accidents. The operation scheme of the \"Complications\" module is shown in Figure 3. If the operating parameters of the production well deviate from the base value by more than the established limit, the process of identifying the cause of the deviation starts. To do this, the automated control system analyzes the current and archived data on the operation of the well, the parameters of the operation of other production wells on the pad, auxiliary technological equipment to determine the possible causes of the deviation. After collecting information, a special algorithm of actions is launched for each deviation in the operation of the well. An example of this algorithm is shown in Figure 4. Based on the results of this algorithm, a list of possible reasons for the deviation is formed, as well as ways to eliminate it, taking into account the probability of success. These system operation algorithms are formed at the stage of its creation. Over time, the system analyzes the deviation processing data and refines the decision rating based on the success and frequency of the well event. Then, depending on the mode of operation (\"advisor\" or automatic), the action to eliminate the deviation is coordinated or this action is performed automatically. Based on the results of the algorithm execution, the system switches to the mode of monitoring the parameters of the well operation. If the deviation in the well operation persists, the algorithm is repeated, and the absence of the effect of the previously selected action to eliminate the deviation is considered. Clogging of equipment with wax deposits, salts, hydrates is identified by changing the load on the electric motor, deviation of the well flow rate, SEM temperature, pressure at the inlet and outlet of the pump, and other parameters [38,39]. Due to the formation of deposits in a well equipped with a sucker rod pump, it is possible to hang the rods, reduce the fluid flow rate, increase the load on the polished rod, and change the dynamometer chart [40,41]. The formation of highly viscous emulsions affects the resistance of the liquid to rise. Due to the formation of high-viscosity emulsions, the loads on downhole pumping equipment increase, due to changes in the rheological properties of oil, the well characteristics change and the operating point of the \"pump-well\" system shifts [42]. The complication of well  
Figure 4: Algorithm for analyzing the cause of well flow rate deviation. Figure 3: Scheme of operation of the “Complications” module of the automated well cluster control system. operation in the form of intense corrosion of oilfield equipment before the fact of leakage of the pipe is not controlled by ACS. In this case, the identification of the fact of through corrosion is carried out by changing the load of the submersible motor, the well flow rate, the pressure at the pump intake, the temperature of the engine and fluid, the dynamics of changes in wellhead pressures and other parameters.