# Performance Evaluation of Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures Modified by Fuel-Resistant Admixture
## 1 Introduction  
Due to its high technological and service properties, asphalt concrete is a preferred material for road pavement construction [1]. As asphalt concrete contains asphalt as a binding material, and asphalt is a mixture of aromatic, aliphatic, and cycloalkane hydrocarbons generated during the refining of crude oil that are readily soluble in all oil-derived fuel [2]. Consequently, in the event of an accidental fuel spill, asphalt pavement can undergo surface softening, loosening, and other forms of damage. Fuel oil can dissolve the asphalt binder, leading to a significant reduction or even complete loss of adhesion between aggregates and asphalt. Moreover, vehicles traveling at high speeds create powerful vacuum suction, continuously pulling away aggregates in the pavement, ultimately resulting in problems such as looseness, peeling, and potholes [3]. In order to prevent oil infiltration from causing damage to asphalt pavement and compromising traffic safety, research on FRMAMs is particularly crucial. Currently, research on the resistance of asphalt and asphalt mixtures to oil erosion predominantly focuses on experimental methods, assessment criteria, and the development of modifiers to enhance oil erosion resistance. In terms of experimental methods, the majority of researchers conduct experiments based on existing evaluation methods for asphalt and asphalt mixtures. By comparing the performance differences of materials before and after oil erosion using conventional testing methods, they assess the oil erosion resistance. [PERSON] et al. [4] evaluated the impact of oil erosion on the performance of asphalt mixtures using the laboratory IDT test. [PERSON] et al. [5] analyzed the impact of oil erosion on the high-temperature performance of asphalt mixtures, and found that oil erosion significantly reduced the Marshall stability and dynamic stability, with diesel oil having a greater impact than engine oil. Furthermore, mass loss testing is widely used to assess the oil erosion resistance. [PERSON] et al. [6], by comparing mass loss tests, rutting tests, and IDT tests before and after oil erosion on asphalt mixtures, demonstrated that oil erosion led to a significant decrease in asphalt mixture performance. By measuring the mass loss of asphalt binder samples in kerosene, [PERSON] et al. [7] assessed asphalt solubility and compared the influence of polymer modification on the morphology, composition, and fuel resistance of asphalt. Building upon this foundation, some researchers delve into the oil erosion resistance of asphalt and asphalt mixtures by starting with evaluation criteria, coupled with traditional asphalt mixture tests. Referencing the residual stability method of the Marshall immersion test, [PERSON] et al. [8] improved the method to obtain an oil erosion coefficient to assess the anti-oil erosion ability of asphalt mixtures. Based on the concept of oil erosion degree, [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed an asphalt oil erosion test method, validated its effectiveness, and recommended prioritizing rutting tests and Cantabro tests to evaluate the high-temperature stability and water stability of asphalt mixtures. Currently, widely utilized fuel-resistant modifiers include but are not limited to non-coal tar sealers and polymer-modified binder [10]. The first type involves applying a seal over the pavement to prevent fuel penetration, while the latter type chemically reacts with asphalt, imparting inherent fuel-resistant properties. Due to the need for preparing modified asphalt in this study, the latter option is more suitable. Some researchers have investigated this by employing polymer-modified binders. [PERSON] et al. [11] investigated the enhancement of asphalt's resistance to oil erosion by incorporating aggregate materials, recycled rubber crumb, and synthetic wax as modifiers. The study revealed that the improvement in oil erosion resistance of polymer-modified asphalt is attributed to its compatibility with asphalt. [PERSON] et al.