# The New Era of Business Digitization through the Implementation of 5G Technology in Romania
###### Abstract
The business environment considers mobile connectivity to be essential, and the implementation of 5G technology generation will contribute to improving the consumer experience and increasing business utility through faster data transmission and more reliable connectivity [14; 15; 16]. It is estimated that, around the world, will be 550 million 5G subscriptions and a population coverage of 10% by the end of 2022, and by 2024 an increase in mobile subscriptions has been estimated to exceed 60% [17; 18; 19]. The 5G radio interface brings transfer speeds of up to 20/10 Gbps DL/UL, which means 2 to 3 times the performance improvement and ensures 5 to 100 times energy efficiency with a bit cost of 10 or lower [20]. In addition to broadband services, 5G technology, by providing higher bandwidth and ultra-low latency, will help accelerate the digitization of economic sectors and public systems (auto industry, utilities, public safety, manufacturing, health system, media, gaming) [21; 9; 22]. Business digitization can help increase the productivity of economic entities and increase consumer satisfaction [23; 24; 25]. The materialization of 5G benefits globally is forecast for the 2035 time horizon 2035 when the annual output of 5G-enabled products and services will be valued at USD 12.3 trillion [7; 8]. At the same time, advanced data analysis and prediction techniques allow economic entities to perform advanced segmentation of markets and consumers, as well as the prediction of consumption habits, thus maximizing the value added per customer [26]. The 5G data point compilation and managing ability is accelerated by edge computer science, the functionality helps particular characteristics of sophisticated data evaluation and digitization [27; 28; 29]. The study conducted by the European Commission on identifying and quantifying key socioeconomic data to support strategic planning for the introduction of 5G in Europe shows that the installation and use of 5G networks in Europe will have significant direct, indirect (multiplication), and induced (training) effects, respectively: (i) the effects of multiplication throughout the EU are estimated at 142 billion euros and 2.4 million jobs; (ii) the estimated training effects for four sectors (motor vehicles, transport, utilities and health) show benefits of 62.5 billion euros per year, at the EU level [6]. At the same time, the evolution of artificial intelligence is supported by the management of large amounts of digital data that can be analyzed to generate perspectives and predictions of behaviors by using algorithms, as well as by the advanced processing power of the computer [30; 31]. It has been estimated that technology using artificial intelligence has the potential to generate an additional global economic output of approximately USD 13 trillion by 2030 [32]. As far as Romania is concerned, the multiplier effects in the economy of 5G adoption are estimated to be 4.7 billion euros, which means an increase of over 252,000 jobs [33]. To stimulate the development of 5G in Romania, some concrete aspects must be taken into account: availability in 2019, an important quantity of radio spectrum representation, for territorial coverage and capacity; introduction of new rights in the frequency bands suitable for coverage in January 2020; interventions regarding the authorization regime for construction works; and pilot projects for testing and validating 5G performance. Regarding the trust of digital technologies for SMEs, in DESI 2019, Romania ranks 27 th among the countries in the EU; thus, 11% of Romania's economic maintenance can offer an opportunity to provide a large volumetric data analysis (big data), 9% of them use social networks, 7% use cloud services, and another 8% of all SMEs for online sales (while 2% of them can make cross-border online sales) [5; 6]. 5G is expected to be launched in Romania in 2020, testing and analyzing having been ongoing for 3 years now.