## 1 Introduction  
The construction industry is a key driver of economic growth worldwide, contributing significantly to infrastructure development, job creation, and technological advancements. However, despite its crucial role, the sector continues to face persistent challenges, including cost overruns, project delays, inefficiencies, and poor coordination among stakeholders [1, 2]. Numerous studies and industry reports highlight that a significant proportion of construction projects face budget overruns and schedule delays, primarily due to fragmented workflows, inefficient resource allocation, and poor decision-making processes [3]. These issues are compounded by the complexity of modern construction projects, which require better coordination, integration of digital tools, and real-time performance monitoring, and management of resources to achieve better project outcomes [4]. Addressing these challenges requires the strategic integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies, which have become pivotal methodologies for optimizing construction workflows. Lean Construction emphasizes eliminating waste, streamlining workflows, and improving efficiency through systematic planning and continuous improvement strategies [5], while BIM facilitates better collaboration by providing a centralized platform for data sharing, visualization, and lifecycle management across project stakeholders [6]. Emerging Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), construction robotics, and digital technologies further enhance these processes by enabling automation, real-time monitoring, and secure data management [7]. Building upon an extensive literature review conducted by the authors [8], this study identifies critical synergies between these methodologies. A significant gap remains in their holistic integration within construction project management frameworks. Existing frameworks focus on Lean Construction with BIM alone but lack Emerging Technologies capabilities [9]. Additionally, studies integrating Emerging Technologies often do so in isolation without a structured approach that aligns them with BIM and Lean Construction in a coherent lifecycle framework. So, the review [8] revealed gaps in existing frameworks, particularly in integrating Lean Construction and Emerging Technologies with BIM to address the industry's pressing challenges. This research addresses this gap by proposing a comprehensive framework that systematically integrates Lean Construction, BIM, and Emerging Technologies across the four key lifecycle phases of construction projects--the Plan Phase, which focuses on early-stage decision making, feasibility assessment, and cost estimation; Design Phase; Construction Phase; and Operation Phase, which facilitates predictive maintenance, space utilization, and asset management. The framework is evaluated using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) such as cost efficiency, time savings, productivity, and stakeholder satisfaction, ensuring a holistic understanding of its impact. To develop and validate the proposed framework, the study follows the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), a widely accepted approach for designing and evaluating innovative solutions (artifacts) in complex environments [10]. The DSRM process comprises three steps as follows: (i) designing and developing the framework; (ii) proposing the framework; and (iii) evaluation. This study offers a twofold contribution as follows: theoretically, it advances the construction management literature by establishing a unified framework that bridges the siloed application of Lean Construction, BIM, and Emerging Technologies, a gap noted in previous studies. Practically, it provides industry professionals with a scalable and validated tool to enhance project management efficiency, reduce waste, and improve coordination throughout the construction lifecycle. The framework's empirical validation using expert input ensures its relevance and applicability to current industry challenges.