esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
# On the Use of Structured Prior Models for Bayesian Compressive Sensing of Modulated Signals
## 1 Introduction
However, none of these works exploit the natural sparse structure of those types of signals. In fact, the resulting vibration manifests through amplitude and frequency modulations of a periodic carrier. The periodicity of the carrier is the same as that of the meshing phenomenon and it can be computed through a simple kinematic study. The occurrence of a fault results in an increase in the modulation, whose period depends on the faulty element. In the Fourier domain, the signal turns to a set of harmonics located at the (known) meshing frequency and its integer multiple, with (unknown) sidebands (location) around these harmonic representing the modulation effect. This natural structure allows for describing the gearbox vibration signal by a set of sparse block structures. Indeed, in the spectrum domain, the modulations are quasi-symmetrical and they appear at the same location around the carrier. To our knowledge, there is no proposed models that take the symmetrical structure of the spectrum of smoothly modulated signals into account. This paper investigates the reconstruction of smoothly modulated signals in a Bayesian framework by exploiting, for the first time, the structured support of their spectrum. This paper is organized, as follows. Section 2 exposes the proposed method with an insight in the vibration signals and their structures in spectrum domain. Section 3 presents an application on both simulated and real gearbox vibration signal to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Section 4 concludes the paper.
## 3 Main Parameter of AFPMBLDCM  
### Number of Poles/Slots  
The selection of slot/pole numbers has a great influence on the performance of the AFPMBLDCM. The number of stator slots \(q\) and the number of permanent magnet poles \(p\) should agree with the following equations:  
\[\left\{\begin{array}{l}q=k\cdot q_{0}\\ p=k\cdot p_{0}\end{array}\right. \tag{1}\]  
where \(k\) is the greatest common factor of \(q\) and \(p\); \(q_{0}\) is a multiple of 3, thus ensuring the symmetry of three-phase windings; \(p_{0}\) is not a multiple of 3; and \(q_{0}\) and \(p_{0}\) are prime numbers to each other.  
The more pole pairs of the motor, the higher the flux leakage and the lower the utilization rate of the permanent magnets. Therefore, the number of poles of a low-power AFPMBLDCM is 8-14 poles. The number of slots is close to the number of poles, which is conducive to improving the performance of the motor. The structures of 8 poles and 9 slots and the structures of 10 poles and 9 slots have a high harmonic component of MMF and large eddy current loss in the rotor. Therefore, the number of poles \(p=10\), and the number of slots \(q=12\). The internal and outer diameter polar arc coefficients of the permanent magnet described in this paper are the same. When the number of poles \(p\) is determined, the polar arc coefficient should be reasonably selected. The results show that the sinusoidal degree of the air-gap magnetic field is the best when the polar arc coefficient \(\alpha_{\rm i}\) is 0.77. Thus, the initial value is 0.8 for the polar arc coefficient in this paper, which was also optimized according to the optimal target, as discussed later.
# Enhancements and Challenges in CoAP--A Survey
## 3 Applications of CoAP
### Interoperability and Integration
#### 3.1.4 Integration of Healthcare Standards  
A design and implementation of a communication system is presented in [12] by using CoAP. The CoAP is employed in the integration of two healthcare standards ISO/IEEE 11073 and IHE PCD-01 for communicating between medical IoT devices such as medical sensors attached to patients and hospitals. CoAP RESTful methods are used to realize the CoAP communication. Moreover, authors have also compared the performance of CoAP in this application with MQTT and HTTP. The results exhibit faster transactions from CoAP with fewer internet resources used comparatively.
# Recent Advances in Black Silicon Surface Modification for Enhanced Light Trapping in Photodetectors
## 2 Wet Methods for Black Silicon Fabrication
### Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Etching  
The wet chemical etching technique of Si entails submerging the Si sample in chemical(s), commonly KOH, to generate a micro-pyramidal texture on the surface of Si sample. This procedure selectively eliminates unwanted material layers while preserving the protective layer's integrity. The speed of etching is contingent on three essential factors: the solution's temperature, the length of time involved in the etching procedure, and the etchant's concentration. The study conducted by [PERSON] et al. delved into the changes that occurred in the structure and appearance of boron-doped porous Si (B-P-Si) following an etching process using KOH [38]. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was employed for the characterization of surface properties. Notably, the FESEM images displayed the formation of etching patterns and pores, with optical reflectance values of 2.8% and refractive indices of 1.8. Additionally, the Hall effect measurements demonstrated a significant increase in electrical conductivity.  
In an effort to enhance the efficiency of light trapping, an experiment of KOH etching was utilized to study its influence on BSi surface [39]. The ultimate aim was to fine-tune the parameters that enhance PV efficiency and a numerical simulation was utilized to analyze the results. The study demonstrated that anisotropic etching created a textured surface on BSi samples, which reduced their reflectance and resulted in a 2% increase in efficiency. Additionally, the researchers optimized the doping concentrations for the p-type and n-type, resulting in a remarkable 23.14% conversion efficiency for PV made from BSi samples. This study represents a significant leap forward in improving the effectiveness of PV technology through enhancing the surface properties.
# Energy-Aware Forwarding Strategies for Delay Tolerant Network Routing Protocols
## 4 Evaluation and Analysis  
This study uses the ONE simulator [7] to evaluate the proposed Threshold, RRE and ORRE algorithms for the mainstream DTN routing protocols with a focus on tracking wild animals. The simulation scenario and extension of the ONE simulator to support empirically based simulations are described, followed by the discussion of the evaluation metrics and results.
## 2 Related Research  
The majority of studies have focused on social scientific findings regarding the risks and causal pathways of smartphone overuse [17; 18; 19]. Few studies consider smartphone overuse as a psychiatric problem and apply telemedicine for intervention. [PERSON] et al. [20] proposed the Smartphone Addiction Management System (SAMS); however, it lacked a proper automated measurement algorithm (as mentioned in their limitations) and appeared to include location information, which exhibits weak importance in the case of smartphone usage monitoring.  
Telepsychiatry, which is a variant of telemedicine, has been the center of solutions in medical information systems regarding mental health. Telepsychiatry initially emerged due to the difficulty of providing mental treatment service [21] in rural and geographically isolated regions. Although it is costly and some patients from remote distances are unable to travel to urban medical centers for psychiatric treatment, the expected outcome of this IT-converged service was subjected to skepticism because many experts believed that mental status issues can be solved only with face-to-faceconsultation. However, previous consecutive studies indicate that telepsychiatry services, such as interactive videoconferencing, are as effective as face-to-face psychiatry treatment [12] in most psychiatry fields. Positive results were similar for adults, adolescents and children. The studies prove that telepsychiatry is a feasible and acceptable approach to providing mental medical services to youths [22] with educational effects [23].  
Additional unique possibilities by applying telemedicine facilitates monitoring using up-to-date mobile technology [24]. Focusing on monitoring and preventing the relapse of alcohol addicts using smartphones, [PERSON] et al. [25] proved the effectiveness of smartphone monitoring. Specialized and personalized intervention is possible only based on individually monitored specific data and evidence. This study proposes a medical information system that is based on an optimized algorithm that provides monitoring services to patients to diagnose based on objective data.
# Prediction of Tooth Profile Deviation for WEDM Rigid Gears Based on ISSA-LSSVM
## 3 Experimental Section and Methods  
### Experimental Conditions  
The rigid gears were machined using the FZT-540 SF middle-walking WEDM machine manufactured by Fangzhen Company in Jiangsu, China. The structure of the machine and the machining process are shown in Figure 4a,b. In this study, an involute harmonic rigid gear with a reduction ratio of 50 and a module of 0.416 is used as the object of study. Table 3 reflects the basic characteristics of rigid gears. The electrode wire chosen for machining is molybdenum wire (wire diameter \(\phi\) = 0.18 mm), and the working medium utilized is emulsion, considering the gear teeth's characteristics and the machining process. The gear material selected is AISI 1045 steel due to its favorable machinability and mechanical properties, with its chemical composition detailed in Table 4.  
Figure 3: Fitness curves of four optimization algorithms with different benchmark functions. (**a**) F1 function curve; (**b**) F2 function curve; (**c**) F3 function curve; (**d**) F4 function curve.  
Due to constraints in acquiring sufficient experimental resources and the time-consuming nature of conducting precise WEDM tests, the number of experimental data used in this study is relatively low. This limitation should be considered when interpreting the results of the evaluation of prediction methods. Nevertheless, the study provides valuable insights and serves as a preliminary assessment for predicting the tooth profile deviation of rigid gears.
# Performance Analysis of Hard-Switching Based Hybrid FSO/RF System over Turbulence Channels
###### Abstract  
The hybrid system of free space optic (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) has come forth as alternative good solution for increasing demand for high data rates in wireless communication networks. In this paper, wireless networks with hard-switching between FSO and RF link are analyzed, assuming that at a certain time point either one of the two links are active, with FSO link having higher priority. As the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of PSO link falls below a certain selected threshold, the RF link is activated. In this work, it is assumed that the FSO link follows Gamma-Gamma fading due to the atmospheric turbulence effect whereas RF link experiences Rayleigh fading. To analyze the proposed hybrid model, analytical expressions are derived for the outage probability, bit error rate and ergodic capacity. A numerical comparison is also done between the performances of the proposed hybrid FSO/RF model and the single FSO model.  
Free Space Optics (FSO); Gamma-Gamma distribution; Rayleigh fading; ergodic capacity; bit error rate; Outage Probability +
Footnote †: journal: Computer Communications Communications
# Fault Diagnosis of a Reconfigurable Crawling-Rolling Robot Based on Support Vector Machines
## 1 Introduction
We extract statistical features, including the mean, standard deviation, variance, root mean square, peak-to-peak value, root sum of squares level, maximum value, and diagonal sum, from the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data onboard the robot platform. The selected features were used as input to the SVM, for classification purposes, between faulty and non-faulty conditions. Moreover, we tested the algorithm using two different types of SVM. Each classifier's performance was compared in the context of fault detection for our Scorpio robot.
# Internet of Food (IoF), Tailor-Made Metal Oxide Gas Sensors to Support Tea Supply Chain
## Appendix A
]- & 1,041,462 \\
23.660 & N-[2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(isopropylamino)-1-(trifluoromethylomethyl)]isovaleralamide & 197,837 \\
24.198 & 1,6,10-Dodecaterini-3-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl- & 18,728,058 \\
24.205 & 1-Bromo-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadecadiene & 31,337,534 \\
24.306 & Lianaly acetate & 10,646,193 \\
25.300 & 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-(propyl-1-en-2-yl)cyclohexanone & 105,570 \\
26.919 & Oxalic acid, ethyl neopentyl ester & 276,546 \\
26.940 & Undecane, 2-methyl- & 248,945 \\
27.153 & Ethanol, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)- & 337,777 \\
27.405 & 1,5-Heptadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-3-methylene- & 127,621 \\
27.590 & Cyclohexane, 1R-acetamido-2,3-cis-epoxy-4-cis-formyloxy- & 41,150 \\
27.948 & Acetophenone & 217,637 \\
28.322 & d-Menthol & 135,041 \\
30.080 & 1-Pentene, 5-(2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)-2-methyl-4-methylene- & 495,428 \\
30.086 & (-)-cis-Myrtanol & 169,778 \\
30.505 & Acetic acid, cyano- & 116,530 \\
30.842 & Cyclobutane, 1,2-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, trans- & 607,249.5 \\
31.440 & alpha-Terripened & 3,145,562.5 \\
32.278 & Heptafluorobutanoic acid, 2-(1-adamant)ethyl ester & 611,947 \\
32.279 & 2,4-Methano-1H-indene, 4-chlorooctahydro- & 186,219 \\
32.657 &.beta.-Bisabolene & 192,658.5 \\
32.958 & 2,6-Octadien, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E)- & 342,345.5 \\
33.300 & 1-Bromo-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-ocadiene & 1,139,696 \\
33.680 & 2H-Pyran-3-ol, 6-ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl- & 138,117 \\
34.317 & Dispiro[4.2.4]tetradecane & 118,050 \\
34.327 & Cis-8-ethyl-exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2.6)]decane & 66,678 \\
34.660 & 1-Bromo-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-ocadiene & 1,387,273 \\
36.273 & 5-Hepten-1-ol, 2-phenyl-6-methyl- & 386,406 \\
36.587 & Anethole & 232,191 \\
37.173 & Lanceol, cis & 198,363 \\
37.177 & Ionone & 218,275 \\
37.344 & 1,4-Methanobenzocyclodecence, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,9,12,12a-decahydro- & 517,247.3 \\
37.793 & 1,2,4-Triroxolane, 3,5-dipropyl- & 599,431 \\
37.811 & 1,2,4-zido- & 718,189 \\
37.900 & 2,6,10-Dodecaterini-1,ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-, (Z,E)- & 332,897 \\
38.200 & 2H-Azepin-2-one, hexahydro-4-methyl- & 111,168 \\
38.205 & 1-Undecene, 5-methyl- & 150,120 \\
38.453 & 2-Methylvaleroyl chloride & 184,447 \\
38.730 & Geranyl acetate, 2,3-epoxy- & 139,279 \\
39.503 & 2-Dimethyl(trimethylsilylsil
## 4 Optimization Techniques
### Optimization Techniques Regarding Power Flow
This technique is also used for power balancing, which helps to maximize profit. This model has many benefits as it can increase revenue and reduce operating costs. In [35], the authors propose the probabilistic economic dispatch (ED) tool for energy management of hybrid microgrids. The energy management technique is presented to provide a consistent supply at a low cost. In [36], the authors highlight the impact of plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on the hybrid microgrid, and a novel technique is employed for the optimal operation of renewable resources. The system is modeled using MILP and GAMS software and is used to minimize the operational cost. In [37], the authors propose a new compartmentalization strategy for the optimal economic operation of hybrid microgrids, where the microgrids are divided into several nanogrids. Each of the nanogrids is optimized with respect to optimal power-sharing,using pinning synchronization and utility cost, leading to the optimization of the overall system. In [38], the authors propose a novel optimization model based on multileader and multifollower game theory to tackle the power imbalance in the three-phase hybrid microgrid emerging due to massive integration and independent operation of the subgrids. In [39], the authors employ HOMER software to model the hybrid microgrid with available energy resources in Pakistan and minimize the cost of energy and environmental emissions. In [40], the authors signify the reduction of operational cost of the hybrid microgrid with the help of particle swarm optimization technique. The authors show the detailed working of the algorithm, and the comparison with older studies also reveals the significance of this technique to minimize the operational cost. In [41], the authors propose a novel economic load dispatch technique for the hybrid microgrid considering the nonlinear characteristics of the problem. The authors employ the Multi-Objective Spotted Hyena and Emperor Penguin Optimization (MOSHEPO) technique and compare results with other strategies such as GA and swarm techniques. The comparison leads to the dominance of the MOSHEPO technique for economic load dispatch solutions. In [42], the authors employ mixed-integer linear programming for power flow management of a hybrid microgrid. A multi-objective approach to minimize the operational cost and CO\({}_{2}\) emissions is applied with demand-side management. The energy storage systems scheduling is carried out with a fuzzy interface. In the light of the above-mentioned reviews, Figure 3 shows a general power flow algorithm from start to end. After the steps of initialization and application of the heuristic algorithm, if output with feasible results is obtained, the algorithm ends, else it continues to solve for the parametric values.
# MIMO Signal Detection Based on IM-LSTMNet Model
###### Abstract  
Signal detection is crucial in multi-input multi-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems, yet classical detection methods often struggle with nonlinear issues in wireless channels. To handle this challenge, we propose a novel signal detection method for MIMO-OFDM system based on the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT), leveraging the robust time series processing capabilities of long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Our innovative approach, termed IM-LSTMNet, integrates LSTM with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and incorporates a Squeeze and Excitation Network to emphasize critical information, enhancing neural network performance. The proposed IM-LSTMNet is applied to the FrFT-based MIMO-OFDM system to improve signal detection performance. We compare the detection results of IM-LSTMNet with zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE), simple LSTM neural network, and CNN-LSTM network by evaluating the bit error rate. Experimental results demonstrate that IM-LSTMNet outperforms ZF, MMSE, LSTM, and other methods, significantly enhancing system signal detection performance. This work offers a promising advancement in MIMO-OFDM signal detection, presenting a deep learning-based solution that effectively improves the system signal detection performance.  
MIMO; OFDM; LSTM neural network; signal detection Article
# Online Static Security Assessment of Power Systems Based on Lasso Algorithm
## 6 Conclusions  
In terms of fast and accurate contingency screening and ranking, an online static security assessment module based on a multi-step adaptive Lasso regression algorithm is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach is examined on the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus, and 300-bus test systems, and the results indicate that this approach manages to handle this issue with reduced time, and is suitable for online application. The following conclusions can be drawn from the work:  
1. Based on the online static security assessment module in this paper, the issues, which include operating state identifying and contingency screening and ranking, can be solved quickly and accurately. What's more, the operating state considers the impacts of transformers and compensation devices, and subsequently realizes better control of power systems.
2. Due to the proposed method not needing to calculate a large number of load flow under the conditions of contingencies and the MSA-Lasso algorithm having more accuracy than the other learning algorithm, it is suitable for an online assessment of the static security of power systems.
3. Considering the current various operating states of power systems, the proposed method analyzed different load conditions that varied from 50% to 150% of the base load. Through online static security assessment modules in different load conditions, the MSA-Lasso algorithm can assess the static security problems in the normal, light, and heavy load conditions.  
Future research will focus on considering parallel computation techniques in machine learning methods [12]. It will be interesting to develop an efficient version to improve the practicality of the presented approach for real-world applications. Moreover, with the increment of renewable energy and energy storage embedded into the power system [37; 38; 39], the research of static security assessment considering renewable energy and load uncertainty [40] and integrated energy systems [41] is a meaningful topic.  
Conceptualization, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Methodology, Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.L. ([PERSON]); Software, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Validation, Y.L. ([PERSON]), Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.S.; Formal Analysis, Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.L. ([PERSON]); Investigation, Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.L. ([PERSON]); Resources, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Data Curation, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Writing-Original Draft Preparation, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Writing-Review & Editing, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Visualization, Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.L. ([PERSON]); Supervision, Y.L. ([PERSON]) and Y.S.; Project Administration, Y.L. ([PERSON]); Funding Acquisition, Y.L. ([PERSON]).  
This research was funded by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) grant number 201608220144, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number 51677023.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
# Self-Sensing Six-Phase PMSM Drive Based on Back-EMF Measurement
## 4 Back-EMF Processing  
Detection of the back-EMF position (Figure 2) is based on the phase-locked loop (PLL) method. Three-phase voltages measured on the second system D-E-F are shifted from the first system A-B-C by \(30^{\circ}\). Utilizing the transformation shown in (13) are \(\alpha-\beta\) voltages aligned with the correct reference frame, where phase A, as well as the \(\alpha\) component, start at the zero position as the sine function (Figure 3). The PI controller in the PLL forces the difference between the electrical rotor position \(\theta_{e}\) and the estimated position \(\theta_{est.}\) to zero. The procedure estimates the electrical rotor speed \(\omega_{est.}\) without derivation.  
Figure 1: Field-oriented control structure with the vector space decomposition method, and emergency detection of the rotor speed/position.  
Figure 2: Emergency detection unit of the rotor speed/position.  
The transformation from a symmetrical three-phase system into the orthogonal subsystem brings the ability of zero-sequence components (harmonics of the order 3k, where k = 1, 3, 5,... ) and the DC offset segregation, as shown in Figure 4a. However, it is not able to exclude harmonics of the orders 12k \(\pm\) 1 (k = 1, 2, 3,... ) and 6k \(\pm\) 1 (1, 3, 5,... ), as shown in Figure 4b.