## 3 Results and Discussion
### Gc-Ms
#### 3.1.1 General Aromatic Composition of the Raw Distillate
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Name** & **Control** & **Heavy** & **Light** & **NT** & **Sig.** \\ \hline
**Aectated esters** & & & & & & \\  & hexyl acetate & 1006 a & 331 b & 255 b & 285 b & *** \\  & benzyl acetate & 228 & 178 & 151 & 178 & ns \\  & \(\beta\)-phenylethyl acetate & 901 a & 733 a & 504 b & 598 ab & * \\
**Alcohols** & & & & & & \\  & isoamyl alcohol (mg/L) & 72.41 & 77.90 & 78.25 & 75.51 & ns \\  & 1-pentanol & 1761 & 1779 & 1755 & 1588 & ns \\  & 3-butten-1-ol-3-methyl & 430 & 575 & 1054 & 626 & ns \\  & 1-pentanol-4-methyl & 117 & 125 & 128 & 117 & ns \\  & 2-heptanol & 173 & 283 & 386 & 263 & ns \\  & 2-pentan-1-ol & 587 & 678 & 852 & 743 & ns \\  & 1-pentanol-3-methyl & 138 & 78 & 116 & 102 & ns \\  & 1-hexanol (mg/L) & 26.00 & 28.34 & 27.41 & 26.51 & ns \\  & trans-3-hexen-1-ol & 923 & 1111 & 1017 & 1015 & ns \\  & cis-3-hexen-1-ol & 1721 & 1799 & 1596 & 1698 & ns \\  & trans-2-hexen-1-ol & 1032 & 1053 & 1037 & 965 & ns \\  & trans-4-hexen-1-ol & 135 & 148 & 152 & 145 & ns \\  & _trans-2-hexen-1-ol & 502 & 490 & 448 & 440 & ns \\  & 1-octan-3-ol & 772 & 913 & 815 & 1559 & ns \\  & _trans_-hept-4-enol & 145 & 154 & 145 & 145 & ns \\  & _cis_-4-hepten-1-ol & 251 & 250 & 241 & 234 & ns \\  & 1-octanol & 986 & 1078 & 997 & 957 & ns \\  & _trans_-2-octan-1-ol & 97 & 99 & 91 & 86 & ns \\  & _cis_-2-octen-1-ol & 327 & 347 & 324 & 309 & ns \\  & 1-nonanol & 1281 ab & 1388 a & 1160 b & 1135 b & * \\  & _trans_-3-nonnon-1-ol & 185 & 177 & 160 & 157 & ns \\  & 2-cyclohexene-1-methanol, 2,6,6-trimethyl & 650 & 683 & 635 & 613 & ns \\  & _cis_-6-nonnon-1-ol & 105 ab & 126 a & 104 ab & 99 b & * \\  & decanol & 753 ab & 830 a & 658 b & 635 b & ** \\  & Benzyl alcohol & 259 & 312 & 326 & 290 & ns \\  & 2-phenylethanol & 2382 & 2949 & 2966 & 2748 & ns \\  & 2,4-decadien-1-ol & 46 ab & 48 a & 24 b & 30 b & ** \\
**Aldehydes** & & & & & & \\  & nonanal & 656 a & 74 b & 124 b & 129 b & ** \\  & 2,4-heptadien & 176 ab & 177 a & 129 b & 125 b & ** \\  & benzaldehyde & 3583 a & 2475 b & 2022 b & 2168 b & ** \\  & _trans_-2-decneal & 91 a & 43 b & 32 b & 32 b & ** \\
**Ethyl esters** & & & & & & \\  & ethyl hexanoate & 3212 a & 1197 b & 992 b & 1035 b & ** \\  & ethyl lactate & 3457 & 5453 & 5184 & 6000 & ns \\  & ethyl 2-hydroxyiscalerate & 502 & 549 & 501 & 541 & ns \\  & ethyl catanoate & 4864 a & 2184 b & 1474 b & 1582 b & ** \\  & ethyl decanoate & 7334 a & 3904 ab & 2206 b & 2248 b & ** \\  & ethyl benzoate & 147 & 109 & 97 & 93 & ns \\  & diethylsuccate & 3654 & 3916 & 3458 & 3684 & ns \\  & ethyl phenylacetate & 528 & 514 & 396 & 442 & ns \\  & ethyl laurate & 5278 a & 2103 b & 1150 b & 989 b & ** \\ ethyl hydrocarbonname & 138 a & 117 a & 90 b & 95 b & ** \\  & diethyladipate & 47 & 17 & 55 & 70 & ns \\ ethyl isopentyl succinate & 190 & 179 & 154 & 166 & ns \\  & ethyl myristate & 2747 a & 1134 b & 655 b & 592 b & ** \\  & ethyl palmitate & 7363 a & 3952 b & 1886 c & 2245 c & ** \\  & ethyl-9-hexadecenoate & 836 & 611 & 347 & 372 & ns \\  & linoleicate & 1318 a & 652 ab & 324 b & 377 b & ** \\
**Ketones** & & & & & & \\  & 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one & 285 & 230 & 249 & 196 & ns \\  & 6-methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one & 150 & 164 & 159 & 134 & ns \\  & cyclohexanone, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl) & 177 & 197 & 168 & 170 & ns \\
**Methyl esters** & & & & & & \\  & decanoic acid methyl ester & 175 a & 56 b & 64 b & 45 b & ** \\  & methyl salicate & 678 a & 545 ab & 441 b & 445 b & ** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Effect of toasting level on the general aromatic composition of the distillate. All data are expressed in \(\mu\)g/L except where specifically indicated. Different letters within each row denote a significant difference between the wines at \(p<0.05\) ([PERSON]’s post hoc test). *, **, *** and ns: differences significant at \(p<0.05\), 0.01, 0.001 and not significant, respectively. The main groups of compounds analyzed are highlighted in bold.