# The Latest Advances in Wireless Communication in Aviation, Wind Turbines and Bridges
## 1 Introduction  
The implementation and development of wireless communication for unlocking the potential of SHM systems in aerospace, bridge structures, and wind turbines seems to be an essential and most urgent research problem as well as a technical one. In recent years, wireless communications have been used as a preferred as well as reliable data transmission means in a number of aerospace applications, the flight-critical ones included. The aerospace industry ought to consider the substitution of some aerial-vehicle sensor wiring with wireless communications; the related sensors are also known as aerospace wireless sensors (AWSs). Wireless communication solves many problems for aero-engines: cabling, maintenance, health monitoring, and problem diagnosis. It is essential to take into account wireless communication through metals (wave propagations), powering remote sensors and managing power (inductive coupling method, solution architecture) and electronics in a harsh environment. The importance of Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications is demonstrated as radiocommunication between avionics components integrated or installedonboard one and the same aircraft, radiocommunication in an exclusive closed network between two or more points on a single aircraft and covers only safety and regularity of flight-related applications. There are a lot of issues that the aviation industry has to deal with, and they include, to name but a few: how to reduce the complexity of electrical wiring and harness fabrication with simultaneous weight saving and higher overall fuel efficiency, how to significantly enhance reconfigurability through improved installation flexibility e.g., for cabin elements, how to reliably monitor parameters belonging to moving or rotating parts or improve reliability of aircraft systems through mitigation of common-mode failures by the application of dissimilar redundancy. Wireless technology for Bridge Health Monitoring as Structural health monitoring (also know as SHM) systems have revealed a huge potential to capture a bridge system's responses, diagnose the current structural conditions, predict the expected future performance, and provide information for the maintenance validate design hypotheses. Wireless sensor networks (known as WSNs) which have the advantages of reducing the costs concerning the implementation of SHM systems and enhancing data processing efficiency have become an attractive option for traditional tethered sensor systems. This article discusses wireless communication, wireless communication types, including their main benefits and existing limitations and risks. In particular, wireless technologies have been considered in terms of their applicability in WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks), SHM (Structural Health Monitoring), and communication of the main subsystems in aircraft--ASN (Avionics Sensor Network) and WAN (Wireless Avionics Network). A Wireless Sensor Network for wind energy sector, with particular focus on wind turbines, should be considered mainly for large output on-shore and off-shore turbines, which may be regarded as a single turbine's point of view. The primary system for data acquisition for the monitoring of wind turbine operation is the SCADA system. SCADA data for a wind turbine or wind farms can be used to analyze the process of individual turbines or the way various wind turbines grouped within the same wind farm interact with each other [1]. Mobile SCADA is the use of SCADA, where the mobile phone network is being used as the underlying communication system. GSM is a wireless communication technology, which is today most famous for transmitting data all over the world via text messages with mobile phones [2; 3]. Cellular WAN (Wide Area Networking) solutions offer several advantages concerning the support of SCADA systems and critical infrastructure. In addition, SHM areas of wireless technologies applications and civil engineering are the fields where such technologies are increasingly used.