## 2 Material and Methodology
### Specim Preparation  
Six specimens were fabricated for the push test, including four normal concrete specimens and two SCGC specimens. Four normal concrete samples were split into two with a design compressive strength of 40 MPa and two with a compressive design strength of 60 MPa. Table 5 presents the specimen details, where each specimen in the table is annotated with the following abbreviation: type of concrete, design compressive strength and specimen number. It is noteworthy that the embossments provided at the ribs have mild and sharp sides, as shown in Figure 4. According to [PERSON] and [PERSON] in 1987 [43], applying pushing force on concrete against the angular side of the embossment provides better bond resistance than against the mild side of the embossment. It is necessary to  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Property**} & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Thickness** \\ **(mm)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Mass** \\ **(kg/m2)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Yield** \\ **(kg/m2)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Minimum Yield** \\ **(fy)** **(MPa)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Coverage** \\ **(m2/t)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Cross-** \\ **Sectional Area** \\ **(m2/m)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{2}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} **Sheeting Elastic** \\ **Centroid** \\ **(mm)** \\ \end{tabular}  } \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}{c} Bondek\({}^{\text{\text{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{\text@underline{ \text@underline{\text@@underline{\textensure that the pushing force is applied against the same side of embossment for all specimens to have comparable results, which will be the angular side in this study. The specimens are designed to have concrete block dimensions of 300 mm (length) \(\times\) 400 mm (width) \(\times\) 100 mm (height), as shown in Figure 5. The width of the specimen is 400 mm and is selected to cover two ribs of the profiled sheeting. In a similar manner to the previously conducted studies [39; 40; 45; 53], 300 mm length was chosen to ensure no overturning for concrete, and sufficient bond strength was generated between the profiled sheet and hardened concrete. The adopted thickness of concrete is 100 mm to comply with the minimum thickness requirement of the Australian standards AS/NZS 2327:2017 [69], which is 90 mm. The dimensions of the profiled steel sheet are 500 mm \(\times\) 450 mm to ensure the availability of sufficient space for test set-up. Each profiled sheet was fixed to a timber physoed sheet, with dimensions of 18 mm \(\times\) 600 mm \(\times\) 600 mm by 7-9 bolts, as shown in Figure 6, to ease the concrete casting process and handling procedure during the push test. Form plywood was water jetted to the dimensions, as shown in Figure 7, to form the casting of concrete blocks. Silicon was used to fill the gaps in the formwork to ensure no water leakage happens, especially with SCGC specimens with higher water content than normal concrete. Figure 8 shows the prepared formworks for concrete casting. Both NC and SCGC mixtures were prepared and cast in the structural laboratory of Deakin University, Australia. A concrete vibrator was used for compacting the NC specimen, while there was no need for vibrator usage with the SCGC specimen, as it is characterised by high flowability. The formwork of the NC specimens was demolded on the following day from casting. The SCGC specimen's formwork was demolded two days after the casting date to ensure that the SCGC specimens were solid enough. A slump flow test was conducted for each concrete mix to measure its flowability. Nine cylinders were taken from each concrete mixture.