## 3 Results
### Effect of FMLSP on Body Weight, FBG, and Organ Index in T2 DM Mice  
Patients with T2 DM will show significant changes in diet, body weight, and blood glucose [36]. Therefore, we monitored the mice's food intake, body weight, FBG, OGTT, and other indexes during the experimental period to assess FMLSP's therapeutic impact in T2 DM mice. According to Figure 2A,B, the mice in the T2 DM group significantly increased their food consumption, but conversely, their body weight tended to decrease when compared to the mice in the NC group. Mice treated with FMLSP and Met for 4 weeks showed better hyperplasia and weight loss symptoms when compared to the T2 DM group (\(p<0.05\)). The variations in mice's FBG levels during the course of the experiment are shown in Figure 2C. In the NC group, the FBG levels remained constant. The FBG levels in the T2 DM group were considerably greater (\(p<0.01\)) than those in the NC group, indicating that the T2 DM mouse model had been successfully established. Following FMLSP and Met treatments, mice's FBG levels were considerably lower than those of the T2 DM group (\(p<0.01\)). In the T2 DM group, FBG was maintained at 25.03 mmol/L at week 4, while in the FMLSPL, FMLSPH, and Met groups, it dropped to 19.51, 17.92, and 16.87 mmol/L, respectively. This suggested that FMLSP might provide a more favorable hypoglycemic impact. Figure 1: Structural characterization and functional properties of FMLSP. (**A**) SEM results for FMLSP (\(\times 1000\)); (**B**) SEM results for FMLSP (\(\times 5000\)); scavenging rate of DPPH (**C**) and ABTS (**D**) radicals by different concentrations of FMLSP; release of total flavonoids (**E**) and total polyphenols (**F**) from FMLSP during in vitro digestion; (**G**) rate at which varying doses of FMLSP inhibit the activities of \(\alpha\)-amylase and \(\alpha\)-glucosidase. The OGTT test showed the results as shown in Figure 2D. The overall trend showed an increase and then a decrease. The mice in each experimental group exhibited their highest blood glucose values at the 30 min time point, with the T2 DM group showing markedly elevated blood glucose in comparison to the NC group. These findings point toward a significant deterioration in glucose tolerance among the mice in the T2 DM group. At 120 min, blood glucose concentrations in the T2 DM group remained high compared to those in the 0 min cohort; however, blood glucose concentrations in the FMLSPL, FMLSPH, and Met cohorts decreased significantly and eventually returned to their initial values. Similar conclusions were obtained by calculating the results of AUC. According to Figure 2E, the AUC values observed in the T2 DM cohort exhibited a statistically significant elevation compared to the NC cohort. Moreover, the AUC values recorded in the FMLSPL, FMLSPH, and Met cohorts were notably lower than those in the T2 DM cohort, demonstrating reductions of 16.14%, 24.25%, and 22.83%, respectively. The findings showed that the high dosage of FMLSP considerably enhanced the diabetic mice's glucose tolerance. It is common to use organ indices to assess the physiological and pathological conditions of animals. According to Figure 2F,G, in mice in the T2 DM group, the liver and pancreatic indices showed a significant increase of 33.24% and 38.57%, respectively, in comparison to the NC group. This suggested that mice's liver and pancreas experienced some impacts from a diet rich in fat and sugar as well as an injection of STZ solution. After intervention with FMLSP, the liver index decreased by 11.94%, 19.19%, and 19.83% in the FMLSPL, FMLSPH, and Met cohorts, respectively, in comparison to the T2 DM group. Pancreatic index, on the other hand, decreased by 16.46%, 22.27%, and 25.70%, respectively. The findings indicated that FMLSP exhibited a protective influence on the liver and pancreas of mice with T2 DM. Figure 2: Effect of FMLSP on body weight, FBG and organ index in T2 DM mice.