# Design of a System for Verification of Automatic Guided Vehicle Routes Using Computer Emulation
## 4 Discussion  
Based on the results of the use of computer emulation in logistics processes, certain conclusions resulting from the application can be defined. 1. In a mixed environment of the real and virtual worlds, emulation can be used as a tool for optimising logistics systems, including AGVs. Based on results, it can confirm the conclusions of research work [20]. Through the mixed environment of the real and virtual worlds, it is possible to test several alternatives, which, using data that are sent to the simulation system in real time, allows one to find the optimal solution for a defined task. Such a solution uses data collected by the physical device to create a digital twin in the virtual world. By combining simulation, emulation, and the digital twin, it is possible to avoid specific problems associated with the definition of the suitability of the AGV system and the size of the AGV battery cell used, production volumes and batches, or the suitability of the track layout, including the location of the charging stations. 2. Computer emulation helps to reduce the time spent on designing processes as well as make changes in real logistics. The time required to carry out these actions can be decreased when employing computer emulation for planning and implementing improvements in logistics processes (see Figure 14). This reduction is mostly due to the usage of software tools that, by utilising optimisation functions, will allow the verification process of various scenarios to be reduced while also assisting in the identification of possible future states of the system. From a time point of view, based on experimental results and the opinions of experts for manufacturing system design, it can be said that the portion of saved time is 27%. The difference between the results of the authors [21; 22] is based on the methodology used for classic manufacturing design in the commissioning part, the experience of the designer, and the system size. The constraints of the implementation of such a solution have been highlighted during study and testing. The basic limiting factor is access to a sufficiently fast full-hall Ethernet network. If a factory does not have such a network, then there will be no data transmission on the basis of which the simulation is carried out. RFID tags and RTLS were used in the research described here. An important prerequisite is the use of simulation software that can create a link to data collected in real time. This research was carried out on the Tecnomatix Plant Simulation platform, which allows for such a connection. No less important factor is the sufficient autonomy of the logistical element for which emulation is carried out. It should include appropriate hardware and software equipment so that it is capable of communicating. The main research limitation of the study was the high cost of the realised emulation system for the verification of AGV routes (Table 2) that limits research to a single test circuit with one AGV system. The field of computer simulation is a prospective area, but there are still issues that can be addressed in future research. These include the development of automated data collection from manufacturing and logistics facilities in real time and the creation of communication channels with a system for planning and managing manufacturing. Based on such data, it will be possible to ensure continuous manufacturing in accordance with the customer requirements and capacities of the company. Furthermore, it is an area of creating a communication interface for linking the source codes of simulation models with the PLC of automatic logistics tractors. Such a link removes duplication when programming the logic of the proposed system. In the field of simulation software itself, a module can be created that, based on online data from the factory, will respond to events that have arisen by conducting simulation experiments in order to find an alternative manufacturing plan.