## 3 Analysis of Results
### Discrete Element Simulation Analysis
#### 3.1.4 Single-Factor Analysis  
(1) Analysis of the effect of different operating speeds on digging resistance  
In order to further analyze the excavation mechanism of shovel body, the single factor analysis method is adopted on the basis of orthogonal test to discuss the influence of excavation speed, excavation angle, and excavation depth on the test results. On the basis of test 5, two groups of test 10 and test 11 are added for comparison, the digging depth is set to 140 mm, the shovel face inclination is set to 25\({}^{\circ}\), and the operating speed of the digging shovel is set to 0.3 m/s, 0.4 m/s, and 0.5 m/s, respectively. At the end of the simulation run, the horizontal resistance and vertical resistance of the excavation shovel in the stable operation stage are extracted, and the average value is taken to obtain the analysis table of the impact of excavation speed is obtained, as shown in Table 9.  
As seen from Table 9, with the increase in operating speed A, the horizontal resistance \(F_{1}\) shows an increasing trend. The vertical resistance \(F_{2}\) shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, but compared with the horizontal resistance \(F_{1}\), the value of vertical resistance fluctuates \(F_{2}\) is smaller. Therefore, as the operating speed A, the overall digging resistance of the shovel body tends to increase. In order to further analyze the effect of different operating speeds on the excavation resistance caused by the excavation shovel, the velocity vector diagram of agglomerate particles at different operating speeds is obtained using the cross-sectional analysis tool that comes with EDEM 2020, as shown in Figure 16. The larger the agglomerate particle velocity in the figure, the more the color of the agglomerate vector leans towards red, while the color of the agglomerate vector leans towards dark blue. Figure 16: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Serial Number**} & **Digging Speed** & **Angle of Entry** & **Digging Depth** & **Horizontal** & **Vertical Resistance** \\  & \(A\) **(m/s)** & \(B\) **(\(\Upsilon\))** & \(C\) **(mm)** & **Resistance F\({}_{1}\) (N)** & _F\({}_{2}\) (N)_ \\ \hline \(10\) & 0.3 & 25 & 140 & 329.24 & 69.23 \\ \(5\) & 0.4 & 25 & 140 & 356.60 & 81.7 \\ \(11\) & 0.5 & 25 & 140 & 379.91 & 67.47 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 9: Mining speed impact analysis table. As seen from Figure 16, under the premise of maintaining the same inclination angle and excavation depth of the shovel surface, the vector color of the agglomerate particle in the front and middle of the shovel body surface gradually turns red with the increase in the operating speed. It indicates that the excavation resistance of the excavation shovel is also increasing with the increase in the operating speed. Within a certain range, increasing the operating speed of the excavation shovel can have the effect of increasing the harvesting equipment's operating speed. If the operating speed of the excavation shovel is too fast, it may cause excessive disturbance to the aggregates, thereby increasing the rate of Fritilariae ussuriensis maxim. Therefore, when setting the operating speed, it is necessary to select an appropriate parameter between the harvesting speed and excavation resistance under the premise of meeting the demand of Fritilariae ussuriensis maxim harvesting, so as to improve the operating productivity. (2) Analysis of the effect of different shovel face inclination on digging resistance  
In order to investigate the influence of the shovel face inclination angle on the digging resistance caused by the shovel body, this simulation test analysis added test 12 and test 13 for comparison on the basis of test 9 after fully referring to the agronomic requirements of Fritilariae ussuriensis maxim cultivation and harvesting operation process requirements.