## 6 Conclusions and Future Directions
This adaptability strengthens the framework's generalisability and positions it as a practical tool that can be adopted and refined in diverse construction scenarios. Future applications should focus on validating these capacities in a variety of real-world environments. According to the limitations of the work, future lines of research should focus on the field implementation and validation of the proposed framework in real construction projects, across different types, scales, and regulatory contexts. This includes the extensive testing of its functionalities under operational conditions, the assessment of user experience and adoption by safety professionals, and the refinement of the XR components based on practical feedback. Moreover, to strengthen the justification and reliability of the approach, future work should include independent peer review and external evaluation by experts in construction safety, XR development, and digital transformation, allowing for a broader validation of the framework's methodological soundness, adaptability, and impact. This step will be essential to move from a tested prototype to a standardized, generalizable solution that can be adopted at scale in the AECO sector. Future research should also address the evaluation of ergonomics, cognitive load, and user experience, particularly considering construction workers with varying levels of digital literacy. Incorporating these dimensions through user-centred design and testing will be essential to ensure that XR solutions are inclusive, accessible, and effectively adopted in real-world construction contexts. Future studies should focus on the development and application of quantitative safety indicators to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of the proposed XR framework, such as accident reduction rates or hazard detection performance. Conceptualization, F.M.-L.R., J.M.-S. and E.O. ; Methodology, F.M.-L.R. ; Software, F.M.-L.R. ; Formal analysis, F.M.-L.R. ; Investigation, J.M.-S.; Writing--original draft, F.M.-L.R. ; Writing--review & editing, F.M.-L.R., J.M.-S., E.O. and S.M.-O. ; Visualization, S.M.-O. ; Supervision, J.M.-S. and E.O. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research has been supported by the CONICYT for its economic support to [PERSON], beneficiary of a pre-doctoral grant (CONICYT--PCHA/International Doctorate/2019-72200306), and by BIMIoTICA (RTC-2017-6454-7; MICIU--Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain). The authors also acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the \"Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (CEX2018-000797-S)\". Not applicable. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The data are not publicly available due to privacy. The research team would like to thank [PERSON] (CIMNE--UPC, Spain) for his constant support regarding construction safety. The authors declare that there is no actual or potential conflict of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations.