# Elastic Hop Count Trickle Timer Algorithm in Internet of Things
## 3 Related Work
This study investigated routing performance in the case where residual power was minimal and became less than the energy threshold realized in WSN. The primary goal of this study was to create a parameter for a dynamic trickle timer that operates in safe mode and with highly minimal energy. The study initially tested various values of Imin, starting with small ones. The study then analyzed and evaluated the convergence time and found that a small value of Imin would result in high energy consumption and a high transmission rate with a low convergence time. After that, it was tested with greater values of Imin and found that they performed better at convergence time, especially for networks with low energy and low power consumption. Moreover, the study evaluated several values for k and discovered that as k grew, the convergence time decreased and the average consumed energy increased. The findingsof the study were promising. However, using the same techniques in the future will be difficult because the researchers employed the test bed method for experimentation, which is costly. The trickle technique has two significant drawbacks: expanding high energy to configure a network or having a long convergence time with low energy. [PERSON] et al. [22] introduced a novel solution to solve these problems and created a new technique, which is called trickle plus. The main objective of this study [22] was to have low energy consumption when composing a network regarding the short convergence time by inserting three configuration parameters. The first parameter is a Shift Factor (SF), which specifies how many doubling periods must be surpassed; the second parameter is an IShift Start (ISS), which indicates when shifting will begin; and finally, the shift End (ISE) indicates when shifting will cease. These factors influence the trickle method's doubling step. Consequently, the parameters in the suggested approach allow the procedure to begin with a little time shift forward to a specified period required to link without motion throughout unnecessary intervals. By using this technique, the network may be set up quickly and with minimal energy consumption. A new solution was introduced by [23] to solve problems related to the listen-only period, which is called the Elastic Trickle Timer Algorithm. The presented algorithm was put out for the appropriate allocation of the listen-only period, which is dependent on network density, thus reducing power consumption and enhancing convergence time. Reference [24] introduced a novel solution to the restrictions created by RPL's short listening duration, which causes network inconsistency. Frequent inconsistencies caused a high rate of dropped packets and a rise delay in the network. Reference [24] proposed a new modification of the dynamic trickle algorithm to determine the listening period of the trickle timer depending on a new factor called dropping rate. The study concluded that if the dropping rate is high in a dense network, then more listening periods and less time should be used, and vice versa. Table 1 illustrates the comparison between selected previous studies in terms of their advantages and disadvantages.