# Evaluation of ISO 31010 Techniques for Supply Chain Risk Management in Automotive Suppliers
## 6 Conclusions  
According to the literature, current business trends and the increasing complexity of the supply chains increase vulnerability of organizations, resulting in a greater need to manage the risks of a company's chain, especially those linked to its suppliers. The ISO 31000 and ISO 31010 standards were essential for our study, since we considered the main risk management steps listed in ISO 31000 (identify, analyze, and evaluate), as well as the 31 risk management techniques listed in ISO 31010. We selected seven experts in SCRM from a large multinational company that produces parts for the carmakers PSA Peugeot Citroen, Nissan, Volkswagen, and Fiat to participate in our study. These seven experts prioritized five risk management techniques using the AHP method. These techniques were pre-selected by 20 experts from their supply companies using the Delphi method. During the application of the first round of the Delphi method, all the experts interviewed selected the techniques \"FMEA\" and \"business impact analysis\" as the most suitable for supplier risk management. The techniques \"reliability-centered maintenance\" and \"human reliability analysis\" were not selected by any of the experts. The Delphi method served as an initial filter of the 31 ISO 31010 techniques, since it determined the following risk management techniques as the most applicable in processes involving suppliers: structured what if technique (SWIFT), failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), consequence/probability matrix, cause and consequence analysis, and business impact analysis. The AHP method, in turn, was executed to prioritize the most appropriate techniques, considering the five techniques previously selected by Delphi and the three main phases of risk management of ISO 31000: identify, analyze, and evaluate. The identification phase was considered by the experts as having twice the priority compared with the other phases. Figure 9 shows a relevant result: FMEA as the most relevant technique for SCRM in suppliers of companies linked to the automotive industry. Because it is a qualitative tool associated with a study of the analysis of probability of failures, FMEA transforms the information into quantitative data, used in preventive actions with suppliers and thus mitigating possible risks in the supply chain. In the opinion of the experts in this study, FMEA was the best analytical technique, because it establishes the relationships between the causes and effects of failures, as well as indicates ways to seek, resolve, and make the best decisions regarding the application of appropriate measures in suppliers in the automotive supply chain. Thus, we achieved our objective, since we identified and prioritized the most appropriate techniques for SCRM of the suppliers chosen for analysis. We also observed that the secondary objective was achieved, since we found that the risk identification step is the most relevant within the risk management process. We recommend the following procedures for future studies: (i) to reproduce our study in other automotive companies and involving different suppliers; (ii) to further study the five techniques selected in our study, applying them to risk management of suppliers in the automotive sector and comparing their effectiveness (action research, for example); and (iii) to apply the concepts of our study in other industrial segments. Conceptualization, U.R.d.O. ; Methodology, U.R.d.O. and T.F.B. ; Validation, U.R.d.O., T.F.B., V.A. and G.B.A.L. ; Formal analysis, U.R.d.O., T.F.B., V.A., C.R.d.S. and G.B.A.L. ; Investigation, U.R.d.O., C.R.d.S. and G.B.A.L. ; Resources, U.R.d.O., Writing--original draft, U.R.d.O., T.F.B., V.A., C.R.d.S. and G.B.A.L. ; Writing--review & editing, U.R.d.O., T.F.B., V.A., C.R.d.S. and G.B.A.L. ; Visualization, U.R.d.O., T.F.B. and C.R.d.S. ; Supervision, U.R.d.O. ; Project administration, U.R.d.O. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.