Preparation of a Novel Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for Headspace GC-MS Analysis of Hazardous Odorants in Landfill Leachate  
[PERSON]  
1 School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Y.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.Y) 1 School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Y.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.Y) 1 School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Y.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (R.Y) 1 School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; 1909401032@tsu.  
phenols may cause abnormal breathing, tremor, coma and even death [11; 12]. Furthermore, it was reported that 3-MI could form DNA-adduct [13] and induce glomerular sclerosis, hemolysis, improper oviduct functioning and chronic arthritis [14; 15]. It thus follows that VOCs contain many hazardous substances.  
Owing to their unpleasant odor and potential detrimental effects on human health, VOC issues have aroused intense interest from the academic community, policymakers and the general public. However, VOC monitoring can be very challenging due to the fact that VOCs are often composed of a large number of organic compounds at very low concentrations. For example, the value of indoor gaseous formaldehyde should be less than 0.08 ppm, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [16]; total VOCs in a chemical industry park can be as low as 28.4 ppb [17]. Therefore, sensitive detection methods should be adopted for the analysis of VOCs.  
So far, VOC monitoring can be classified into olfactory identification and instrumental analysis. For the former, poor precision and inaccuracy of classifying odor has constrained its application. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) are widely applied in instrumental analysis. Due to the low concentrations of VOCs, pretreatment methods such as activated carbon adsorption, purge and trap methods and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) are often required [18], which substantially improve the capability of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Among these preconcentration techniques, SPME exhibits superiority over other techniques in its convenience and solvent-free methods. It has become one of the frontier extraction technologies and is extensively employed in environmental, food and clinical analysis [19]. Nevertheless, in the practical operation of commercially available SPME fibers, some drawbacks have emerged, including their limited adsorption efficiency, poor reproducibility, relatively low mechanical strength and high cost [20; 21].  
To overcome the aforementioned limitations, this paper aims to synthesize a simple, highly efficient, strong and economical SPME fiber for VOC analysis. The SPME fiber coating was prepared by the one-pot method, with divinylbenzene, porous carbon powder and polydimethylsiloxane as raw materials. The coating layer on the glass fiber was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Compared with commercially available products, this SPME fiber can be easily prepared with lower cost. More significantly, with the use of the synthesized SPME fiber, the sensitivity for VOC detection is substantially improved, especially for sulfur-containing compounds.