## 3 Results and Discussion
### Component and Morphological Correlation  
We compared the morphological and compositional data to determine why the CW21-5 line could have such a high total CBD content per meter. On day 50 of the flowering treatment, morphological investigations of all hemp F1 plants were conducted. Heatmap analysis of the analyzed plant height, branch number, cannabinoid ratio (total CBD/total \(\Delta\)9-THC) of the leaves, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width formed one cluster group. The cannabinoid ratio (total CBD/total \(\Delta\)9-THC) of inflorescences, total CBD concentration of inflorescences, total CBD concentration of leaves, and total \(\Delta\)9-THC concentration of leaves constituted a second cluster group. The redness percentage of petioles, redness percentage of stems, total \(\Delta\)9-THC concentration of inflorescences, count of inflorescences, and plants constituted a third cluster group. According to the heat map analysis, total CBD content and plant diameter showed a strong inverse relationship on CW21-5. As a result, the CW21-5 line occupies less space, but has a high cannabinoid content, increasing the total CBD production per unit meter.  
Several morphological features and cannabinoid content were classified into different clusters, indicating very little or no correlation. In addition, [PERSON] et al. (2021) investigated the correlation between cannabinoids and the morphological characteristics of the leaves of 297 types of hybrid hemp but found no correlation [46].  
The results from the principal correlation heatmap showed that the number of flowers and the plants' diameter was proportional (Figure 5). Many morphological parameters, such as stem diameter and leaf length, were inversely proportional to the diameter of the plant. In addition, most of the morphological data and cannabinoid content did not have a significant correlation, except for the THC content of inflorescence, where all cannabinoids had a proportional relationship with each other. In addition, stem redness percentages had an inverse relationship with stem diameter. [PERSON] et al. (2013) reported that overall growth was sluggish, and stems turned red in cannabis subjected to moisture stress. In addition, this did not have a significant effect on the cannabinoid content, suggesting the possibility that anthocyanin, which can be confirmed with the naked eye in medicinal hemp, can be applied as a stress marker, and further studies are needed using more medicinal hemp varieties [47].  
Morphological data and component data values of cannabis were expressed through clustering principal component analysis. Each F1 line generated three clusters, cluster 1 consisted of CW21-13, CW21-16, CW21-3, CW21-15, CW21-4, and CW21-1, and cluster 2 was composed of CW21-8, CW21-10, CW21-2, CW21-11, CW21-16, CW21-9, CW21-6, CW21-2, CW21-14, CW21-1, and cluster 3 comprised CW21-2, CW21-11, CW21-12, CW21-14, CW12-7, and the mother plant. CW21-5 did not belong to any group and had a negative correlation with plant diameter, and positive correlation with CBD content of inflorescence and leaf. In other words, the characteristics of CW21-5, which has a high total CBD production per unit area, were explained due to the narrow plant diameter and high CBD content in the leaves and inflorescence at the same time (Figure 5).  
The inflorescence cannabinoid ratio (total CBD/total \(\Delta\)9-THC) was high, confirming the superiority of the CW21-5 strain with regard to low total \(\Delta\)9-THC content and high CBD content in the inflorescence (Figure 6).  
Figure 5: Heat map of [PERSON]’s correlation coefficient matrix between morphological and chemotype. The color scale indicates the intensity of correlation (red is directly proportional, blue is inversely proportional). All cannabinoids included acidic precursors.