# Comparison of Abrasive Wear Resistance of Hardox Steel and Hadfield Cast Steel
## 4 Discussion
Hardox 450 steel also showed higher weight loss relative to Hadfield steel during tests reported in [62], where the abrasive was light story soil, but in this case, it was the resistance of B27 steel (which is supplied in as-normalized state and intended for subsequent implementation of heat treatment procedures to achieve mechanical properties similar to Hardox 500), that proved to be the highest. However, the authors did not carry out material testing and the state of the heat treatment was not reported. Hadfield steel, also in dry sliding and salt-water sliding conditions [63] or during dry friction [64], shows an advantage over martensitic steel with a hardness of 500 HBW. Nevertheless, as a result of the change in the properties of the surface layers of Hadfield steel, contributing to an increase in the proportion of wear by microcutting with an increase in the magnitude of the applied load from 10 N to 45 N during tests conducted using \"steel disc-abrasive-abraded material\" friction pairs, Hadfield steel alloyed with various additives (Ni, Cr, Mo, Si, Cu, B and/or WC) showed similar wear rates compared to Hardox 400 [65]. The above statement is also valid under the conditions of tribological tests such as abrasive-erosive wear and surface fatigue wear [66]. On the basis of the conducted tests and comparison of the obtained results with the available literature sources, it should be concluded that Hadfield cast steel under abrasive wear conditions shows advantages over steel of 500 HBW hardness and can be used interchangeably with steel of 600 HBW hardness. However, it is steel of 650 HBW hardness that shows the most favourable indices. In this case, recommended applications include components subjected to significant surface pressure, such as scred and liner plates or belts used for handling crushed (ground) materials. Hadfield steel is more practical for use in cast components, considering primarily crusher jaws, for which contouring the surface to the required shapes is difficult due to material strengthening during machining. Under dynamic loading conditions, Hardox 500 (KCV\({}_{+20}\) = 60 J/cm\({}^{2}\)) or Hardox 600 steel (KCV\({}_{+20}\) = 40 J/cm\({}^{2}\)) may show more favourable properties due to the possible decrease in impact strength of Hadfield steel up to 25 J/cm\({}^{2}\), conditioned by the coarse-grained structure and carbide separations at grain boundaries [42]. Such components include bucket wheel chutes, excavator bucket components or transfers, but in this case, the next research step should be bench tests conducted to fully evaluate the serviceability of the analyzed materials. In addition, due to the nature of the conducted test, Hardox 500 and Hardox 600 steels are recommended for components designed for light soil abrasion (classified in a number of standards), including ploughshares and cultivator ridges. Light soils involve soils with a higher content of dry and loose sand, while heavier soils have higher amounts of flowable fractions (dust and silt, causing grains bonding). Due to the nature of the work, Hardox steel is preferable to Hadfield steel in this case-, what is determined by its -uniform mechanical properties across the material.