# Special Issue: \"Control and Automation\"
###### Abstract  
A wide range of ongoing research in the areas of controller design and information engineering reveals that the pace of technological change in this domain seems to be accelerating. The primary focus is on futuristic segments ranging from robotics and genomics to chemical feedstock and electrical storage.  
The main objective of this Special Issue was to provide a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest theoretical and technological achievements and to identify critical issues and challenges for future investigation on topics regarding advanced automation and control techniques based on information system technologies.  
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and hold (S&H) circuits to perform the conversion from analog to digital and vice versa. An excellent review of these S&H systems, as well as a new fractional order design of such systems, is presented in [4]. The proposed approach models these systems both in the time and Laplace domains and is a generalization of the classical devices, enabling a better understanding of the possibilities and limitations of S&H systems.  
The field of biomedical engineering is currently receiving tremendous attention from the research community, especially regarding personalized and optimized medicine. In [5], such a topic is addressed regarding carcinoma models and adequate chemotherapeutic treatment. The core problem in delivering a carcinoma model suitable for developing an optimized therapy consists of the limited number of measurable physiological signals--state variables--and the knowledge of model parameters. The solution proposed in [5] refers to the use of observers. A moving horizon estimation (MHE)-based observer is developed that uses a third-order tumor growth model. The performance of the observer is compared to that of an optimized extended Kalman filter (EKF). Results show that proposed MHE is designed to be suitable for closed-loop applications and yields simultaneous state and parameter estimation.  
Novel ideas in the field of optimal battery charging are presented in [6]. A battery model, designed for automotive battery management systems applications, is used to design charging controllers in an optimal charging strategy. The standard model is altered to produce a nonlinear electro-thermal battery aging model, which is linearized in several operating points. An optimal charging strategy is then designed for simultaneous minimization of charging time and maximization of battery lifetime. An optimization problem that minimizes aging is solved to determine an appropriate charging trajectory. The CRONE methodology is then used to take into account the resulting linear model family. Several simulations are employed to show the efficiency of the resulting charge controller.  
The Special Issue contains a seventh paper dealing with a weather-based prediction strategy inside the proactive historian with application in wastewater treatment plants [7]. The authors propose a software reference architecture for such a proactive historian, along with a data dependency identification strategy and some obtained recipes for energy efficiency improvements in the water industry. However, complex research is required in order to offer a complete solution for real industrial processes. Part of this reference architecture that predicts the future evolution of the monitored system is developed in [7]. The design is based on weather dependency and forecast. In this way, the approach paves the way towards achieving a fully functional, real-world, tested and validated proactive Historian application, with potential to bring significant direct benefits to the water industry.