## 2 Materials and Methods
### The Use of RFID and POS Data in Retail Management Studies
When it comes to the model of managerial decision making, the state of operational activities involving big data, intellectual agents, and predictive modeling has advanced significantly due to the convergence of various technologies and methodologies (Figure 2). Intellectual agents of POS and RFID systems (in our case) collect data from multiple streams, including transactional data and RFID data, which fixes the tracking information, allowing the withdrawal of a set of measurements on customers trajectories [28; 29; 30; 31; 32]. As for the model of the technical and economic parameters, these involve the capabilities of the retail store to generate such flow states for the clients, in which they are fully immersed in a shopping activity, experiencing full involvement in the shopping process, visiting the maximum number of supermarket sections and, as a result, making the biggest possible purchase [17]. Streams of POS data contain information about the transaction itself (date, time, product, price and quantity, product category and manufacturer) and customer demographic information (gender, age, income or its proxy estimate through other demographic indicators, such as place of residence or education). If collection and analysis of POS data from the point of view of financial transaction analytics is obvious, how can technologies for collection and analysis help in this analytic's RFID data? With RFID data, a manager gains real-time insight into the behavior of customers, which it can use to reduce shrinkage and inventory loss, increase revenue, improve customer information, enhance customer service and operational performance, and improve the security of branded products, all while reducing costs [33]. On the other hand, there are difficulties in implementing RFID in the retail sector, such as lack of standardization, higher costs, employee resistance, and revision of business processes. The most common problem that needs to be addressed before implementing RFID technology in the retail sector is the privacy issue. Due to the huge amount of data generated by using RFID technologies, data integration problems are also very tedious, so the business process needs to be redesigned. To overcome all these dif  
Figure 2: Model of managerial decision making based in the digitalization of operational activities through the intellectual agent systems—RFID and POS. ficulties, tag passwords, blocking tags, regulating tags, distance estimation, shielding tags, authentication between tags and readers, and manual system configuration can be used. RFID is a contactless wireless technology that reads and records RFID-tagged or smart labeled products in the air using radio frequency waves [34]. RFID data contains information such as the customer identification number, date, time (recorded every second along the customer's route within the retail and service enterprise), X and Y variables recording the coordinates of each customer on the plane of the sales area, basket number, department, section visited by the customer, time spent in these sections and the status of her movement (categorical data that show whether the customer moved or stopped on her way through the sales area) [35]. Description of the Experimental Setting and Experimental Environment for POS and RFID Data Collection  
To collect such data, a certain technical and experimental environment is needed. The technical environment for collecting RFID data consists of the following elements of the equipment, which was sourced from: POS terminal, RFID responders and RFID readers, installed around the perimeter of the store (Figure 3). The experiment, which was run in one of the supermarkets of one of the major retailers, examined around 7000 clients based on more than two million records of their movements and purchases. After initial processing of the data on the servers using open source data extraction and processing tool Musashi [36], a sample was created, which was processed using BI systems.