## 3 Results and Discussion
### Effect of SA Seed Priming on the Phenolics Composition
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **C** & **C+SA** & **D** & **D+SA** & **C** & **C+SA** & **D** & **D+SA** \\  & **Kalbia** & **Kalbia** & **Kalbia** & **Kalbia** & **Sidi Khli** & **Sidi Khli** & **Sidi Khli** & **Sidi Khli** \\ \hline Hydrocircynamic acids & & & & & & & & \\ CGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(2.57\pm 0.14\) A & \(2.47\pm 0.07\) B & \(1.07\pm 0.32\) F & \(1.38\pm 0.05\) D & \(1.23\pm 0.17\) E & \(1.85\pm 0.14\) C & \(0.91\pm 0.02\) & \(1.37\pm 0.04\) D \\ CGGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(5.21\pm 1.09\) B & \(5.75\pm 0.88\) A & \(3.56\pm 0.09\) D & \(2.91\pm 0.03\) F & \(2.09\pm 0.3\) H & \(3.95\pm 0.07\) C & \(2.83\pm 0.11\) C & \(3.24\pm 0.32\) E \\ CGGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(4.42\pm 0.09\) C & \(5.23\pm 0.16\) A & \(3.74\pm 0.25\) & \(3.95\pm 0.13\) & \(3.26\pm 0.2\) C & \(4.79\pm 0.21\) A & \(3.10\pm 0.01\) C & \(3.95\pm 0.01\) C \\ CGGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(6.44\pm 1.56\) A & \(5.88\pm 0.33\) C & \(4.37\pm 0.08\) F & \(4.02\pm 0.41\) F & \(4.65\pm 1.1\) D & \(6.13\pm 0.09\) B & \(4.68\pm 0.01\) D & \(4.70\pm 0.08\) D \\ CGGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(1.37\pm 0.14\) D & \(1.03\pm 0.08\) B & \(1.29\pm 0.41\) E & \(1.25\pm 0.12\) & \(1.82\pm 0.1\) B & \(2.55\pm 0.31\) & \(1.70\pm 0.04\) C & \(1.20\pm 0.10\) C \\ CGGA\({}_{\text{normal}}\) & \(1.49\pm 0.00\) A & \(0.97\pm 0.19\) B & \(0.56\pm 0.03\) D & \(0.50\pm 0.74\) E & \(0.42\pm 0.06\) F & \(0.85\pm 0.02\) C & \(0.40\pm 0.01\) F & \(0.59\pm 0.00\) C \\ CA & \(0.75\pm 0.04\) A & \(6.09\pm 0.00\) B & \(0.24\pm 0.011\) F & \(0.23\pm 0.01\) F & \(0.47\pm 0.03\) D & \(0.72\pm 0.07\) A & \(0.36\pm 0.09\) E & \(0.56\pm 0.01\) C \\ \(\sum\) & \(22.28\pm 3.06\) A & \(22.35\pm 1.73\) A & \(15.06\pm 1.20\) D & \(14.39\pm 1.49\) E & \(14.25\pm 2.14\) E & \(21.23\pm 0.92\) B & \(14.30\pm 0.29\) E & \(15.86\pm 0.56\) C \\ \hline Flavonoids & & & & & & & & \\ R & \(3.32\pm 0.87\) A & \(3.13\pm 0.24\) B & \(1.80\pm 0.09\) E & \(2.67\pm 0.09\) C & \(1.49\pm 0.18\) C & \(1.85\pm 0.45\) D & \(1.29\pm 0.13\) H & \(1.66\pm 0.14\) F \\ EpiC & \(15.84\pm 3.17\) B & \(15.33\pm 1.41\) B & \(14.87\pm 2.65\) C & \(12.80\pm 0.98\) D & \(12.54\pm 0.54\) D & \(16.50\pm 1.47\) A & \(12.23\pm 2.33\) H & \(14.67\pm 1.88\) C \\ LuftR & \(2.11\pm 0.05\) A & \(2.56\pm 0.35\) A & \(1.24\pm 0.12\) E & \(1.88\pm 0.12\) C & \(1.87\pm 0.25\) C & \(2.02\pm 0.11\) B & \(1.59\pm 0.09\) E & \(1.65\pm 0.03\) E \\ \(\sum\) & \(2.127\pm 4.09\) & \(21.02\pm 2.00\) A & \(17.91\pm 2.86\) C & \(17.35\pm 1.19\) D & \(15.90\pm 0.59\) E & \(20.37\pm 2.03\) B & \(15.11\pm 2.55\) F & \(17.98\pm 2.05\) C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} C treatment (C control: 50 \(\upmu\)M Fe); D treatment (Deficient: 1 \(\upmu\)M Fe); SA (Salicylic acid: 0.25 mM); CA—caffeoid; CGA—Caffeoylglucaric acid; CGA—Caffeoylquinic acid; some—Somer; EpiC—pepictachiu; Luft—Luteolino-O-rutinose; R—rutin. Means in the same line followed by distinct letters are significantly different at \(p\leq 0.05\).  
\end{table} 
Table 5: Contents of individual phenolic compounds (mg/g DW) in _Sulla carnos_ leaves of Kalbia (KA) and Sidi Khli varieties, primed with salicylic acid (SA) and grown under different Fe concentrations for 8 days. the main bioactive secondary metabolites in plants serving as scavengers of ROS under adverse environmental conditions (such as wounding, drought, metal toxicity, and nutrient deprivation) [39; 40]. Plants often respond to environmental stresses with an increase in the endogenous SA level [41]. In fact, SA is a promising compound for the reduction of stress sensitivity in the practical agriculture. [PERSON] et al. [42] pointed out that SA treatment in chamomile caused different behavior which varies from growth-promoting (at 50 uM) to growth-inhibiting effects (at 250 mM). In addition, the high SA dose resulted in the rise of the phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, followed by an increase in the accumulation of soluble phenolic compounds and lignin.