## 2 Metallic Nanoparticles in Conjugation with Chlorin Derivatives
### Metal-Organic Frameworks
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Type of NPs** & **Size of NPs** & **Preparation Method** & **Wavelength [nm]** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Light** \\ **Dose/Light** \\ **Power** \\ \end{tabular} & **Cell Type** & **Cell Viability** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \begin{tabular}{c} Graphene oxide \\ quantum dots \\ \end{tabular} & 144.7 nm & N/A & 660 & 0.1 W/cm\({}^{2}\) & \begin{tabular}{c} MDA-MB-231 \\ breast cancer cells \\ \end{tabular} & 29\% & [62] \\ \hline \begin{tabular}{c} Carbon \\ nanotubes with \\ cross-linked \\ MnO\({}_{2}\) flakes \\ \end{tabular} & 113 nm & \begin{tabular}{c} cross-linking of MnO\({}_{2}\) \\ flakes on carbon \\ nanotubes \\ \end{tabular} & 660 and 808 & \begin{tabular}{c} 40 mW/cm\({}^{2}\) \\ for 670 nm and \\ 1 W/cm\({}^{2}\) for \\ 808 nm \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ for 670 nm and \\ 1 W/cm\({}^{2}\) for \\ 808 nm \\ \end{tabular} & HeLa cells & approx. 25\% & [63] \\ \hline \begin{tabular}{c} Carbon dots \\ \end{tabular} & 90.56 \(\pm\) 2.07 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} one-step hydrothermal \\ method using \\ \(p\)-aminobenzamide and \\ \(p\)-aminosalicylic acid \\ \end{tabular} & 660 & 0.5 W/cm\({}^{2}\) &
\begin{tabular}{c} Human esophageal \\ squamous cell \\ carcinoma \\ \end{tabular} & approx. 20\% & [64] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Summary of the data presented in Section 2.5. Other chlorin derivatives were also studied in the the theranostic approach to cancer treatment. [PERSON] et al. utilized tetratopic chlorin as a PS and Hf-UiO-66 as an isomorphic analog of Zr-UiO-66 (MOF) [67]. Chlorin implemented into MOF revealed both photothermal and photodynamic activity. Interestingly, in the experiments on HepG2, HeLa, 4T1, and MCF-7 cells in vitro, it was observed that the photodynamic effect produced only ca. 30% cell death, whereas the photothermal effect induced ca. 65% death. This phenomenon was combined with the observed decrease in singlet oxygen formation mediated by a chlorin derivative introduced into the MOF structure compared to that with a free photosensitizer. In the in vivo trials, the authors proved the high biocompatibility of the obtained material. They did not note significant hemolysis (<5%). Moreover, no influence of coagulation factors and no changes in the biochemistry profile were noted. Moreover, the authors detected higher PTT/PDT treatment effectiveness when MOFs were administrated intravenously compared to direct injection into the tumor. Besides high in vivo PTT/PDT activity against the tumor, the possibility of computed tomography and photoacoustic imaging was also reported [67]. The data described in Section 2.6 are summarized in Table 6. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Type of NPs** & **Size of NPs** & **Preparation Method** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Wavelength** \\ **[nm]** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Light** \\ **Dose/Light** \\ **Power** \\ \end{tabular} & **Cell Type** & **Cell Viability** & **Ref.** \\ \hline FE\({}_{2}\)(CO\({}_{2}\))\({}_{3}\) & 95 nm & microwave-assisted synthesis & 660 & 100 mW/cm\({}^{2}\) & HeLa cells & 0.73\% & [65] \\ \hline Hf\({}^{\text{th}*}\) MOFs & 72.7 and 83.2 nm & solvothermal method & 650 & 100 mW/cm\({}^{2}\) & \begin{tabular}{c} colorectal \\ (90 J/cm\({}^{2}\)) \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} approx. \\ cancer CT26 \\ and MC38 cells \\ \end{tabular} & [66] \\ \hline Hf-UiO-66 & 100-130 nm & solvothermal method & 635 & 0.8 W/cm\({}^{2}\) &
\begin{tabular}{c} HepG2 and \\ HeLa cells \\ \end{tabular} & approx. 35\% & [67] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Summary of the data presented in Section 2.6. Figure 9: Chemical structure of the MOF nanoparticles bearing folic acid (blue), Ce6 (green), and camptothecin (pink) [65].