# Effects of Glyphosate and Its Metabolite AMPA on Aquatic Organisms
## 4 Conclusions
Abbreviations ABC transporter activity: adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters constitute; AChE: acetylcholinesteraseterase; ACP: acid phosphatase; AKP/ALP: alkaline phosphatase;; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AMPA: aminomethylphosphonic acid; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ATMP: amino tris(methylencephalophone); \(\beta\)-GD: \(\beta\)- glucuronidase; BChE: butyrylcholinesteraseterase; BCF: bioaccumulation factor; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; C-N bond: carbon-nitrogen bond; Ca\({}^{2+}\): calcium ion; Cacanal1C: L-type calcium channel; CAT: catalase; CBE: carboxylesterase, CES: carboxylesterases; ChOL: cholesterol; CK: creatinine; CPM: cardiac pumping capacity; CRE: creatine; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; DTPMP: diethylenetriamine penta(methylencephalophone); EC10: equivalent to the No observed effect concentration; EC50: effective concentration that affects 50% of the population; EDTMA: ethylenediamine tetra(methylencephalophone); ENA: erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities; EndoIII: endonuclease III; FAC: free amino acid levels; FPG: formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase; G6 PDH: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; GDI: total DNA damage; GL: glycogen; GLU: glucose; GLY: glyphosate; GOT: glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminases; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GPT: glutamic-pyruvate transaminases; GR: glutathione reductase; GSH: glutathione; GSH-Px: glutathione peroxidase; GST: glutation-S-transferase; Hb: hemoglobin; HCT: hematocrit; HDTMP: hexamethylenediamine tetra(methylencephalophone); HL: haemocyte lysate; hspb11: heat shock protein; IC: inhibition concentration; IPA: isopropylamine salt; LACT: lactate; LC: lethal concentration; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LPO: lipid peroxidation; Na\({}^{+}\)/K\({}^{+}\)-ATPase: sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphate; NOEC: no observed effect concentration; MCH: mean cell hemoglobin; MCV: mean cell volume; MDA: methanedicarboxylicidehyde; Mg\({}^{2+}\): magnesium ion; mg ae/L: miligrams active ingredient per liter; Mn\({}^{2+}\): manganese ion; NAA: N-Acetyl aspartate; NH3: ammonia; NO: nitric oxide; P: protein; PC: protein carbonyl; PCV: hematocrit; POD: peroxidase; RBC: erythrocytes; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ryr2a: Ryanodine receptor; SOD: superoxide dismutase; T-AOC: total antioxidant activity; TAG: triacylglycerollycerides; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; THC: total hemocyte count; THR: thrombocytes; TL: Total lipids; TP: total protein; TR\(\beta\) mRNA: TR\(\beta\) mRNA: Thyroid hormone receptor beta of messenger ribonucleacic acid; THR: time to half relaxation; UN: urine nitrogen; U.S. EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency; WBC: leukocytes; Zn\({}^{+}\): zinc ion. References A. A. * _[PERSON] et al. (2011)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] _Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage, 2006 and 2007 Market Estimates_; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Washington, DC, USA, 2011; p. 41. * [PERSON] (1974) [PERSON]-_Phosphonomethyl-Glycine Photoxicant Compositions_; Monsanto CO, US: St. Louis, MO, USA, 1974; p. 3799758. Available online: [[https://www.freepatsonline.com/3799758.html](https://www.freepatsonline.com/3799758.html)]([https://www.freepatsonline.com/3799758.html](https://www.freepatsonline.com/3799758.html)) (accessed on 12 February 2021). * _[PERSON] et al. (2010)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Glyphosate Technical Fact Sheet; National Pesticide Information Center, Oregon State University Extension Services. 2010. Available online: [[http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/archive/glyphotech.html](http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/archive/glyphotech.html)]([http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/archive/glyphotech.html](http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/archive/glyphotech.html)) (accessed on 10 February 2021). * _[PERSON] et al. (2012)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Fate and transport of glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonate acid in surface waters of agricultural basins. _Pest. Manag. Sci._**2012**, _68_, 16-30. [CrossRef]
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