# Mathematical Models for Named Data Networking Producer Mobility Techniques: A Review
## 1 Introduction
### Current Review Trend  
As presented in Table 2, 31 peer-reviewed papers on NDN involving many methods have been published from 2017 to 2023. In 2017, a single paper by [25] reviewed Information Centric Networking (ICN) security and privacy for the purpose of devising possible mitigation techniques. As the years continued into 2018, three peer reviewed NDNs focused on energy, architecture, security, and vehicular. A review cover on energy conversation Host Centric Networking (HCN) focused on MANET [26], and a profound explanation of the architecture of IoT cover by [27] focused on consumer caching algorithm using the Random Replacement policy (consequently, reviewing security and vehicular [28] involved the security parameter for vehicular NDN also being discussed). The last review article from 2018 covered energy, architecture, and security [29; 30; 31; 32; 33].  
Continuing into the year 2019, a combination area of energy that discusses content routing, as well as the architecture of ICN from an IoT perspective, ref. [34; 35; 36] and introducing linear topology for calculating memory and computation overhead [37]. An energy review paper discussed NDN MANET congestion control [38] in the year 2020 following a review by NDN over vehicular research [39; 40]. It mainly covered window size for a profound explanation of vehicle parameter use. Subsequently, a single review paper on data dissemination schemes [41] focused on vehicular NDN in 2021. This review paper has discussed many parameters, such as vehicular speeds, delivery delay, transmission range, and the distance between two vehicles. A review paper on cache [42] covered implementing cache over NDN.  
In the year 2022 there was a variety of review research from different perspectives, especially regarding vehicular NDN [43; 44], security and privacy over NDN [45; 46], mobility on NDN [47], as well as forwarding and routing on NDN [48]. There were significant discussions on routing, caching, and security mechanisms. Note that the latest review in 2023 was on new discussions on NDN architecture [49], application of NDN [50], technology updates over NDN [51], security and privacy concerns about NDN [52], and caching with NDN [53]. Figure 2 illustrates the percentage of review papers based on the selective domain of NDN.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Year** & **Domain/Focus Area** & **Reference** & **Simulation Tools** & **Method** & **Parameter** \\ \hline
2017 & security & [25] & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Omnet++, SUMO, \\ and Veins \\ \end{tabular} & Review &
\begin{tabular}{c} Security \\ and privacy \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
2018 & energy & [26] & \begin{tabular}{c} ndnSIM and \\ Matlab \\ \end{tabular} & HCN & energy \\ \hline  & architecture & [27] & ndnSIM & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Random- \\ replacement (RR) \\ policy and \\ consumer-cache \\ caching algorithm \\ \end{tabular} & Cache \\ \hline Security and vehicular & [28] & & Review & Security \\ \hline Energy, architecture, & & [29; 30; 31; 32] & Review &
\begin{tabular}{c} Security \\ and privacy \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
2019 & Energy, security, & [34; 35; 36; 37] & ndnSIM & Linear topology &
\begin{tabular}{c} Memory and \\ computation \\ overhead \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
2020 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Energy, \\ vehicular, cache \\ \end{tabular} & [38; 39; 40] & ndnSIM & routing & Windows size \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: NDN review paper based on method and parameter.  
Figure 2: Percentage review paper based on selective domain/focus area.  
Figure 3 depicts the percentage of the NDN review articles. Based on the figure, the anchor technique is the most popular topic for discussion in a journal, reaching almost 62%, while the anchorless technique is at 29%. Fewer papers are published on the rendezvous technique, covering 9%. Therefore, the solution is to study more rendezvous techniques to determine the limitations and gaps.