###### Abstract
Since manufacturing is the source of all goods for life, transportation, entertainment, production, safety and health, SM is one of the most important issues for sustainable development [2]. The implementation of SM depends on the alignment of the strategic business plan with the balance between social, economic and environmental sustainability to achieve real benefits from its adoption. However, most of a company's focus is on monetary gains, without a commitment to environmental protection and societal well-being [5]. Despite the fact that economic performance continues to be the dominant objective of companies, they have begun to realize the importance of social issues from the perspective of sustainability. For this reason, they adopt specific practices and measures to obtain a competitive advantage within that perspective, using methods such as customer management, the sharing of information, the practice of transparency and traceability, corporate sustainability reports, corporate social involvement, standardization and monitoring, life cycle assessment, well-being and equity of employees, job stability, sustainable supplier management and the sustainable development of partners [4]. In fact, the technology used in sustainable manufacturing enhances sustainability and represents the most positive contribution to environmental, social and economic prospects [2]. In the context of recent literature, the advent of Industry 4.0, made possible by digital technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and analytics and artificial intelligence, is perceived as a facilitator of sustainable manufacturing practices and sustainability performance [8; 9; 10]. On the other hand, the authors in [8; 9; 10] also highlighted some environmental and social sustainability gaps. There are only a few peer-reviewed articles that have explored Industry 4.0 from a sustainability point of view, highlighting themes such as critical success factors for environmentally sustainable manufacturing, developing a framework for a sustainable Industry 4.0, digitization and the circular economy and cloud manufacturing as an alternative for sustainable manufacturing [10]. Some studies that refer to the relationship between digital technologies (Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and analytics) and sustainability have inconsistent conclusions, mainly in terms of environmental sustainability, as they have mostly been based on a qualitative view [9]. There is a lack of studies on the effect of each Industry 4.0 technology on the circular economy approach, with respect to themes such as input reduction, consumption, reuse, recovery, recycling and waste and emissions reduction [8]. Moreover, researchers should explore the benefits and challenges within organizations using open-ended or multiple-choice research questions on how to implement and adopt the Internet of Things (IoT) in supply chains, capturing the practical insights of practitioners who are directly involved in IoT adoption and operations [11]. Future work should limit data collection by applying the terms IoT and sustainable intelligent manufacturing, waste valorization, circular supply chain management, zero waste, sustainable manufacturing and/or waste management, targeting a specific industrial sector [12]. There is a lack of knowledge and a limited number of publications dealing with performance measurements in relation to Industry 4.0 [13]. Therefore, the present study aims to fill these gaps by providing a conceptual model (CM) whose objective is to assess the effectiveness of the IoT orientation towards environmental and social sustainability in the operations of manufacturing industries and/or in their supply chains. In this regard, the research question to be discussed concerns how the scientific literature related to IoT, socio-environmental sustainability and the circular economy contributes to the development of the CM with regard to performance measurement and assessment.