# Comparative Analysis of Target Displacements in RC Buildings for 2023 Turkiye Earthquakes
## 1 Introduction
Once the displacement demand in a building is met during a seismic event, it could be assessed if the anticipated performance target for the building has been reached [57,58]. Damage grades that could take place in structural system members under design ground motion can be quantitatively determined using the performance-based design and assessment technique. This method can verify whether the failure is still within allowable limits for each relevant member. Acceptable failure limits have been determined in a way that aligns with the performance targets intended for various earthquake stages [59, 60, 61]. The key objective of performance-based modeling is to identify the structural requirements of the building subject to soil motion. A precise characterization of ground motion properties and their correlation is required for the proper calculation of structural demands [62, 63, 64]. The maximum horizontal ground acceleration, or peak ground acceleration (PGA), is the single most often used determinant in earthquake hazard calculations. The fact that the design spectra suggested in earthquake specifications may be scaled using PGA or factors related to PGA is one of the most significant justifications for utilizing the PGA. Furthermore, numerous studies in the literature address target displacements in buildings for different topics. [PERSON] [65] studied the displacements of earthquake epicenters during the instrumental period in Turkiye. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [66] explored a different method for evaluating the earthquake resistance of existing buildings and determining the need for seismic retrofitting through external reinforcement. [PERSON] al. [67] obtained target displacements by considering the minimum structural cases for various countries. [PERSON] et al. [68] performed incremental dynamic studies on 48 infilled RC buildings with varying design peak ground accelerations (PGAs), story numbers, and infill typologies. [PERSON] [69] investigated the impact of the entrance ground motion on the performance point by obtaining the seismic performance points of a 5-story RC frame structure located in Zone-IV, symmetrical in plan, exposed to three different PGA levels as the entrance ground motion. In this study, firstly, the impacts of the 6 February, major Kahramanmaras earthquakes on RC structures were evaluated based on site observation. For this purpose, information about the Kahramanmaras earthquakes is provided. PGAs and PGVs were attained for different exceedance probabilities from the current earthquake hazard map for Hatay, Kahramanmaras, Adityaman, Malatya, Kilis, Gaziantep, Elazig, Sanlurfa, Osmaniye and Diyarbakur, which are the 11 provinces primarily affected by these earthquakes. The seismic parameters for these provinces were compared based on the most recent earthquake hazard maps and seismic design codes in Turkive. An attempt was made to reveal the level at which the seismic hazard in these provinces has changed. In the next stage of the study, the damage in RC structures, which formed the dominant building stock in the earthquake region, was examined in detail based on observation within the scope of earthquake and civil engineering. Numerical analyses were performed on the structural model created to represent mid-rise RC structures in the earthquake region. In this structural model, which does not contain any irregularities, other structural characteristics remained unchanged. Target displacements were obtained for all provinces based on predicted PGAs in the last two earthquake hazard maps and for the highest measured PGAs during the earthquakes. Target displacements were obtained separately for eleven different provinces in the earthquake region. The main goal of this paper is to compare the measured and predicted PGA for the Kahramanmaras earthquakes and to determine whether the earthquake hazard and structural demands are adequately represented. There is no comparative study currently in the literature for the provinces most affected by these earthquakes.