# Improving Waste Management System Efficiency and Mobility with Efficient Path MANET
###### Abstract  
Waste Management System (WMS) is applied in smart cities and is supported by the Internet of Things (IoT). WMS involves several responsibilities, such as collection, disposal, and utilization of waste in relevant facilities. Efficient waste management has a considerable impact on the quality of life of citizens in smart cities. The interaction between wireless sensor networks and mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) with IoT provides excellent mobility for users, and reduces the deployment costs of networks. Data transfer via the intermediate connected devices must be maintained to shorten the distance between the devices. Intelligent routing algorithm is proposed to find efficient paths that comply with the WMS requirement constraints and avoid invalid paths that cause increased computation time. Chromosome intersection operation on genetic-based routing algorithm, intersection activation function, and intersection node table are proposed to avoid the similarity and redundancy of generated paths and keep the validity of the paths. This study improves the path finding, obtains good results, and increases the rate of efficient paths. Results show that the selected path is efficient in terms of distance, number of hops and number of iterations by using the proposed method. In addition, this proposed method outperforms DSR, which offers alternative paths with more efficiency. dynamic source routing (DSR); Internet of Things (IoT); mobile ad-hoc network (MANET); multi-constraints; routing; smart city; Waste Management System (WMS) +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences  
mobile routers connected via a wireless link. A MANET is the most promising and rapidly growing technology, and it has become a very popular research topic in recent years. Smart cities result from the development of media transmission systems, which have expanded over the most recent 10 years through solid incorporation of networking advancements and data frameworks. In addition, the employments of portable specialised gadgets in daily life have been expanding. These gadgets include cell phones, business PCs, individual advanced gadgets with radios, and other computerized gadgets. As a result of network revolution, different infrastructures of mobile and immovable systems coexist, and Internet applications have seen substantial growth. Even if these networks have wired or wireless connections, they must maintain data transfer via intermediate devices/nodes to shorten the distance between senders and receivers [1; 2; 3; 4]. A wireless network enables users to be mobile and to save on infrastructure costs. The devices/nodes on ad hoc wireless networks are individual end user devices, and the devices can transmit data to one another [5; 6]. IoT devices are a part of a smart city with important mathematical capabilities, which are converted to smart objects used in monitoring the environment and collecting information about the environment in the city. The most critical problems facing smart cities today include waste management problems. Waste Management System (WMS) is a typical example of a service provided by smart cities supported by IoT. Waste management involves different responsibilities, such as the collection, disposal, and utilization of waste in relevant facilities. Efficient waste management has a considerable impact on the quality of life of citizens. The reason is that waste disposal has a clear connection with negative impacts on the environment and, thus, on citizens health. Organic waste accounts for the majority of the wastes for disposal activities. Two factors are considered the main reasons for this problem: high urban growth rate and rapid population increase. Smart services can be the front line for this information on every aspect of human activity. WMS includes not only on-site waste collection but also waste disposal and uses in related facilities [7]. These services have different requirements, such as bandwidth and delay, for a network service provider to allow the applications to work properly [8; 9; 10; 11; 12].