## 4 Discussion and Summary
This is likely due to their close proximity to radiation during imaging procedures, which may involve supporting or assisting in tasks that bring them close to the radiation source. The moderate hand exposures, particularly in the R-ring finger, also suggest the need for consistent hand protection. The low variability in Hp(10) values suggests that the data are reliable, but it also highlights the importance of adhering to ALARA principles using comprehensive protective gear, such as aprons or shields, to reduce whole-body effective dose. Furthermore, the ICRP developed the concept of an effective dose as a dosimetric measure to assess radiation risk and manage protection against stochastic effects. Ionizing radiation from medical imaging is alleged to cause cancer, and the linear no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) suggests there is no \"safe\" amount of radiation exposure and an increased risk of cancer with increasing doses. Some propose an adaptive dose-response relationship where low doses protect and large doses harm. A study by [PERSON] et al. suggests that even low radiation exposures (<100 mGy) may pose a cancer risk [56] and emphasizes the need to investigate low-dose radiation's carcinogenic consequences to enhance our understanding of radiation's effects on cells and improve radiation safety and risk assessment. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. assert that the best approach to determining radiation risk is to extrapolate the cancer risks linearly from intermediate to extremely low dosages [57]. [PERSON] et al. stated that a number of factors should be considered when assessing low-dose radiation risks [58], such as radiation type, dose rate, duration of exposure, genetic variations, and tissue radiation sensitivity, to name a few. By understanding these factors, an assessment of low-dose radiation can be made. Low-dose radiation exposure can cause mutations through the incorporation of methyl groups into DNA molecules and is referred to as DNA methylation [59]. DNA methylation regulates gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, and incorrect methylation may cause disease and premature aging. A review by [PERSON] et al. revealed that when the skin is exposed to ionizing radiation, it triggers cellular senescence in the epidermal keratinocytes [60]. An increasing body of research supports the possibility that low-dose ionizing radiation may significantly impact how cells function. Throughout history, health professionals and authorities have sometimes declared medications or activities innocuous before discovering their side consequences. Hormone Replacement Therapy was regularly used to treat menopause and avoid heart disease. However, 2000s research revealed it increased breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots [61]. [PERSON] et al. reduced retrospective dosimetry errors by considering adaptation and radiosensitivity in moderate radiation dosimetry by classifying people's radiation sensitivity and creating dose-effect curves for radiosensitive and radioresistant individuals. Their results indicated that radiologists chromosomal aberrations were significantly increased [62]. Additionally, a recent study by [PERSON] et al. found a direct link between long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation and the development of hematological cancers [63]. For the most part, cancer cell cycle research has proved challenging owing to its varied mutational nature and numerous signaling pathways. Therefore, low-dose ionizing radiation might influence cell cycle distribution and cellular functions in different ways. Therefore, as the mechanism by which low-dose ionizing radiation controls the cell cycle's evolution remains poorly understood, the risks associated with low-dose ionizing radiation should not be underestimated. Assessing radiation dose in controlled nuclear medicine settings is essential for ensuring patient and employee safety, thereby preventing adverse health outcomes.