## 2 Experimental Section
### Adsorbents Test  
The experimental studies on the adsorption of water vapour were carried out on the pilot installation, the schematic diagram of which is shown in Figure 1. It consisted of the following blocks:  
A dosage block of material flows:  
* the air was supplied to the flowmass-controller (1), the rotameter (P1), the manometer (M1); the air consumption could vary in the range from 0 to 15,000 L/h.  
An air humidification block:
* the saturator (2) represented a vertical cylinder apparatus with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 1000 mm. The air was supplied through the tube with holes of 1 mm in diameter. Attachments (Rashig rings) were loaded into the saturator and water was poured; volumes varied depending on the experimental conditions;
* the mist separator (3) represented a vertical cylindrical apparatus with a diameter of 85 mm and a height of 800 mm. The humidified air was supplied through the tube;
* the manometer (M2) was used to control the absence of the excessive pressure in the system. A block of dewatering of the humidified air:
* the adsorber (4) represented a vertical cylindrical apparatus with a diameter of 50 mm, a height of 800 mm and a volume of 2 L. A required volume of the sorbent was loaded in it. An air distribution grill was installed on the bottom flange. A thermocouple pocket (a 5-mm diameter tube welded at one end) was coaxially placed inside the adsorber. The dry air was discharged into the atmosphere through the valve (B3) and the rotameter (P3). The manometer (M3) controlled the excessive pressure. A block of analytical control of the technological parameters of the dry air:
* the valve (B1) was attached to the exit nozzle (4) of the adsorber. It was used for sampling when measuring the parameters of the humidified air at the exit from the adsorber;
* the rotameter (P2) was used to control the air consumption, which changed in the range from 0% to 100% of the scale;
* the hygrometer (5) measured the parameters of the ingoing air;
* the thermocouple (T1) and the personal computer were used to control the temperature of heating of the adsorbent layer;
* the valve (B2) was intended for sampling when measuring the parameters of the humidified air at the entrance to the adsorber;
* the valve (B3) was applied to create excessive pressure in the system.  
The dry air from the system, passing through the rotameter (P1), was dosed by means of the flow-mass controller (1) into the saturator (2), where the air was saturated with water vapour. Then the humidified gas flow entered the mist separator (3), where the excessive condensed moisture was removed. Having left the mist separator, the humidified air entered the adsorber (4). The adsorbent, loaded to the adsorber, absorbed the moisture from the ingoing air. A small amount of the air was collected by the hygrometer (5) through the rotameter (P2) for the analysis; the rest of the air was discharged into the atmosphere through the rotameter (P3). The pilot plant allows conducting experiments at an increased pressure and loading the adsorbent in the volume of 2 litres, and at the same time allows obtaining dry air at the exit at a dew point not exceeding minus 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the pilot plant. 1–flow-mass controller; 2–saturator; 3–mist separator; 4–adsorber; 5-hygrometer; P1,P2,P3–rotameters; B1,B2,B3–valves; M1,M2,M3–manometers; T1,T2,T3–signalsising thermocouples.  
The dynamic capacity of the adsorbents was determined by the amount of water absorbed by the adsorbent by the moment when the moisture content in the gas at the exit from the adsorber had reached the dew point of \(-40\)\({}^{\circ}\)C (the protective power time of the layer). The dew point temperature was determined using the hygrometer Cermet II (\"Michell Instruments Ltd.\", Lancaster, UK) in the measurement range from \(-100\) to \(+20\)\({}^{\circ}\)C.