# Reputation and Trust Approach for Security and Safety Assurance in Intersection Management System
## 1 Introduction  
Recently, scientific and technological progress in the field of information technologies has led to the emergence of such concepts as the smart city and the Internet of things, based on the communication between physical sensors and the \"smart\" information elements that perform calculations on the data received. The revolution in the field of transport has led to the emergence of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) [1], designed to provide optimal and safe traffic. However, traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of death in the world now. According to the Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT), nearly 1.25 million people die and 20-50 million are injured or disabled in traffic accidents in the world annually ([[https://www.asirt.org/safe-travel/road-safety-facts/](https://www.asirt.org/safe-travel/road-safety-facts/)]([https://www.asirt.org/safe-travel/road-safety-facts/](https://www.asirt.org/safe-travel/road-safety-facts/))). World Health Organization reports traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among people aged 5-29 globally [2]. With a growing population in the world, the number of cars sold is growing, which affects the appearance of traffic jams. Studies conducted by [PERSON] et al. [3] show that traffic jams and congestion can spontaneously occur. In dense urban areas, intersections are generators of traffic jams, since the paths of vehicles intersect on them. The approach to optimize the movement of vehicles at the intersection in scientific works has been termed as intersection management [4]. The objectives of the intersection management system are to optimize the time of vehicles traversal through the intersection and resolve conflicts to avoid traffic accidents. The emergence and development of unmanned autonomous vehicles (AVs), capable of being driven without a driver, and their integration in ITS in the future, can solve both the problem of traffic jams, due to optimal route planning, and the problem of mortality in accidents, due to the exclusion of human factor. However, despite the efforts to eliminate humans to exclude human factor, automation of daily routine activities implies managing, servicing and maintaining of different technical systems, which raises many issues of great importance. Before the full implementation of AVs on public roads, there must be a firm belief that they are safe and secure. The integration of AVs in ITS involves the exchange of data between vehicles and infrastructure via wireless communication channels, but such communication may be susceptible to network malicious attacks. There are already known cases of remote attacks on AVs, allowing for the access to both the private information of users and AVs controls [5]. For research and modeling of data exchange between AVs, the multi-agent-based approach has gained popularity [6]. AVs and infrastructure objects can be represented as a set of agents, constantly interacting with each other to achieve a common goals, such as the optimization of movement, and reduction of resources consumption. One of the most important aspects of the proper functioning of the agent group is the correctness of messages, transferred between agents, when the correctness of data can be verified. The correctness of data means the data transmitted by the agent, for example, the current location, reflect its real location at a given time. In addition to external attacks, there are also so-called \"soft\" attacks, such as collusion or Sybil attack, aimed at the contextual integrity of the transmitted data between AVs. For example, if an AV, which is already authorized in the system, transmits incorrect data about its location to other traffic participants because of a faulty sensor or a software error, then conventional security methods, such as cryptography, are unlikely to allow such an attack to be detected. Mechanisms based on trust and reputation can be used to detect agents transmitting incorrect data and mitigate such malicious attacks.