## 1 Introduction  
In recent years, coal mining in China has entered the stage of deep mining. As mining depth increases, problems with roadway support arise. The primary factor is the elevated in situ stress within the deep rock masses. Certain roadways are located near weak surrounding rock or structural zones, where they experience significantly higher structural stresses than other areas. This results in severe underground pressure, considerable rock deformation, and even damage to the surrounding rock. Consequently, the stability of roadways surrounding such rock becomes worse, the support cost increases, and there are safety risks [1; 2; 3; 4; 5]. In situ stress, as the primary datum representing the mechanical state of the rock mass, is a key factor in assessing the surrounding rock's stability and guiding the design and decision-making for subsurface engineering. Therefore, the accurate assessment and management of in situ stress in deep mining are crucial for ensuring support effectiveness, reducing costs, and maintaining safety [6; 7; 8; 9]. Recent studies by numerous scholars have focused on the deformation and failure mechanisms of weak surrounding rock in roadways, as well as control technologies, leading to significant advancements in the field. [PERSON] et al. [10; 11; 12] proposed that the failure of weak surrounding rock in roadways results from the decoupling between the support system and the surrounding rock, and introduced a coupling support design method utilizing anchor cables and nets, grounded in the nonlinear mechanics of deep soft rock. [PERSON] et al. [13] conducted a comprehensive study of the internal fracturing process in the surrounding rock of weak roadways. Utilizing extensive on-site mine investigations and rock mechanics experiments, they delineated the law governing the staged and non-uniform fracturing fissures in the surrounding rock of typical soft rock roadways and they formulated targeted control technologies tailored to specific stages and regions. [PERSON] et al. [14; 15] empirically confirmed the relationship between acoustic emission characteristics and rock damage through the analysis of acoustic emission signals during coal sample failure and the examination of stress-strain curves in cyclic loading and unloading experiments. They proposed that the release rate of effective elastic energy could serve as an indicator of impact propensity. The research team led by [PERSON] [16; 17] focused on circular roadways as the research subject and suggested that the failure of surrounding rock in soft rock roadways exhibits distinct plastic zone configurations. They provided discrimination criteria for these failure types, thereby offering guidance for the development of control techniques. [PERSON] [18] posited that the instability of soft rock roadways is attributed to the malignant expansion of the plastic zone, which is exacerbated by an unbalanced stress field within the surrounding rock and the consequent high levels of deviational stress. Drawing upon the principle, he advanced corresponding control techniques. [PERSON] [19] believed that the stability of the roadway roof is affected by many factors, and the nonlinear relationship between these factors leads to differences in roadway roof stability. Roof stability was systematically classified by a BP neural network, which provides a reference for roadway roof zoning and graded support. [PERSON] [20] conducted a thorough analysis on floor heave in soft rock roadways, and categorized the characteristics of floor heave as \"two points and three zones\" and formulated a control principle for addressing floor heave within the roadway, stipulating that floor anchor bolts and the depth of slip-casting holes must extend below the \"zero displacement point\" of the floor rock layer. [PERSON] et al. [21], in response to the problem of support failure caused by the large deformation of a roadway above a soft coal seam under high-level stress, analyzed the in situ stress distribution.