## 3 Results and Discussion
### Effects on Toxicity
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Parameters**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Group for Acute Toxicity**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Group for Subacute Toxicity**} \\ \cline{3-6}  & & **Control** & **ADC-Treated** & **Control** & **ADC-Treated** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Female} & Glucose (mg/dL) & 108.20 \(\pm\) 16.60 & 77.40 \(\pm\) 6.42 & 90.60 \(\pm\) 10.73 & 90.00 \(\pm\) 7.48 \\  & BUN (mg/dL) & 18.30 \(\pm\) 0.41 \({}^{\circ}\) & 16.10 \(\pm\) 0.92 \({}^{\circ}\) & 13.82 \(\pm\) 0.59 & 13.56 \(\pm\) 1.11 \\  & Creatinine (mg/dL) & 0.20 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 0.18 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.20 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 0.20 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\  & Total bilirubin (mg/dL) & 0.54 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.58 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.58 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\circ}\) & 0.42 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\  & Total protein (g/dL) & 6.46 \(\pm\) 0.14 & 6.62 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 6.26 \(\pm\) 0.18 & 6.26 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\  & Albumin (g/dL) & 47.60 \(\pm\) 0.28 & 5.14 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 4.74 \(\pm\) 0.21 & 4.56 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\  & AST (U/L) & 72.20 \(\pm\) 3.61 & 70.20 \(\pm\) 2.80 & 70.00 \(\pm\) 1.45 & 69.60 \(\pm\) 0.87 \\  & ALT (U/L) & 80.80 \(\pm\) 9.98 & 31.60 \(\pm\) 2.79 & 25.40 \(\pm\) 0.93 & 26.80 \(\pm\) 1.24 \\  & Triglyceride (mg/dL) & 80.80 \(\pm\) 9.98 & 61.20 \(\pm\) 12.33 & 63.00 \(\pm\) 6.29 & 77.02 \(\pm\) 5.21 \\ Blood biochemical & Total cholesterol (mg/dL) & 103.40 \(\pm\) 5.68 & 87.60 \(\pm\) 6.59 & 102.00 \(\pm\) 10.90 & 97.40 \(\pm\) 6.77 \\  & HID. (mg/dL) & 60.84 \(\pm\) 4.75 & 53.80 \(\pm\) 3.11 & 59.60 \(\pm\) 7.61 & 63.20 \(\pm\) 4.68 \\ \cline{2-6}  & Glucose (mg/dL) & 81.60 \(\pm\) 9.26 & 141.20 \(\pm\) 21.69 & 100.40 \(\pm\) 2.86 & 87.20 \(\pm\) 7.10 \\  & BUN (mg/dL) & 12.14 \(\pm\) 0.43 & 14.28 \(\pm\) 1.40 & 11.56 \(\pm\) 0.69 & 12.36 \(\pm\) 0.66 \\  & Creatinine (mg/dL) & 0.24 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.16 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.20 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.20 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\  & Total bilirubin (mg/dL) & 0.52 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.56 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 4.48 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\circ}\) & 5.74 \(\pm\) 0.27 \({}^{\circ}\) \\  & Total protein (g/dL) & 6.10 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 6.66 \(\pm\) 0.13 & 5.92 \(\pm\) 0.13 \({}^{\circ}\) & 4.66 \(\pm\) 0.39 \\ Male & Albumin (g/dL) & 4.54 \(\pm\) 0.10 \({}^{\circ}\) & 5.50 \(\pm\) 0.12 \({}^{\circ}\) & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.50 \(\pm\) 0.10 \\  & AST (U/L) & 75.20 \(\pm\) 2.06 & 82.00 \(\pm\) 4.88 & 80.20 \(\pm\) 4.12 & 76.80 \(\pm\) 2.62 \\  & ALT (U/L) & 39.30 \(\pm\) 3.89 & 41.20 \(\pm\) 1.69 & 32.60 \(\pm\) 2.46 & 33.80 \(\pm\) 1.98 \\  & Triglyceride (mg/dL) & 123.20 \(\pm\) 5.70 & 89.60 \(\pm\) 9.94 & 104.20 \(\pm\) 6.13 & 80.00 \(\pm\) 2.68 \\  & Total cholesterol (mg/dL) & 114.80 \(\pm\) 11.75 & 108.60 \(\pm\) 7.58 & 100.00 \(\pm\) 3.52 & 103.00 \(\pm\) 7.31 \\  & HID. (mg/dL) & 68.00 \(\pm\) 3.24 & 57.20 \(\pm\) 4.29 & 55.60 \(\pm\) 3.08 & 55.20 \(\pm\) 4.00 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Female} & Liver & 3.65 \(\pm\) 0.14 & 3.61 \(\pm\) 0.24 & 3.60 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 3.68 \(\pm\) 0.06 \\  & Kidney & 0.92 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.96 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.94 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1.02 \(\pm\) 0.05 \\  & Lung & 0.87 \(\pm\) 0.18 & 0.71 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 0.71 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 0.72 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\  & Heart & 0.57 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 0.48 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.51 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.50 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\  & Spiesen & 0.24 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.24 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ \cline{2-6}  & Liver & 3.47 \(\pm\) 0.10 & 3.24 \(\pm\) 0.21 & 3.56 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 3.44 \(\pm\) 0.15 \\  & Kidney & 0.86 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.79 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1.00 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.99 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ Male & Lung & 0.66 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 0.56 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 0.81 \(\pm\) 0.19 & 0.62 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\  & Heart & 0.48 \(\pm\) 0.06 & 0.46 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.49 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.46 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\  & Spiesen & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 0.28 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ \hline \end{tabular} Values represent the mean \(\pm\) SE of five rats per group. In the acute toxicity test, the control group and the ADC-treated group were orally administered as single dose of PBS and 5000 mg/kg of ADC-treated CBCs, respectively, in a water vehicle, with no further treatment for 14-4. In the subacute toxicity test, the control group and the ADC-treated group were orally administered PBS and 1000 mg/kg of ADC-treated CBCs, respectively, in a water vehicle for 14-4. Differences between the control and samples (ADCF-treated) animals in acute or subacute toxicity treatment groups were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and [PERSON]’s multiple angle tests. Different superscripts indicate significant differences among groups (\(\
u<0.05\)).  
\end{table}