###### Abstract  
Estrone (E1) is a female hormone present in large quantities in animal farming, which has, in recent decades, resulted in increasing water and soil pollution. Research into its behaviour in the environment has been more focused on water pollution than on soil or soil groups. Three agricultural soils from the Czech Republic--cambisol, fluvisol, and chernozem--were analyzed in a pot experiment to determine their influence on estrone transformation, with lacase, and Mn-oxidoreductase enzymes being measured for this purpose. From the initial concentration of 50 ug\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\) soil E1 solution, 1.36 ug\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\) were measured on average in the soils after 28 days. There was a clear transition in estrone concentration between 24 h and day 3, reflected in all three soils by increased enzymatic activity. Aside from this, the three soils behaved differently. Results showed that fluvisol was the most different to both cambisol and chernozem. It had the highest enzymatic activity, but also the highest estrone levels in soil at 28 days (5.09 ug\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\)) vs. cambisol (1.36 ug\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\)) and chernozem (0.94 ug\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\)). The removal mechanisms were considered a combination of estrone soil sorption and enzymatic activity, with each soil exhibiting an individual combination of the two. In fluvisol, sorption was considered predominant, thoughenzymatic activity was also relevant; cambisol presented an alternation of sorption and biodegradation, with neither deemed the main mechanism; and chernozem exhibited predominantly high enzymatic activity at the end of the experiment, which resulted in the lowest estrone in soil at the end of the experiment. Overall, all three soils presented good estrone degradation potential through their various soil properties. e 2025 15 5703 2025 26 March 2025 26 March 2025 27 May 2025 26 March 2025  
day up to 1000 \(\upmu\)g/animal per day excretion rate during the reproductive stage [15]. Furthermore, the high amount of organic matter and carbon contained by manure leads to high estrogens sorption that can be 20 to 150 times more than in soils with poor organic carbon [16]. Lastly, estrone contamination can result from other estrogens transformation (mainly from 17-\(\beta\)-estradiol) [17,18]; therefore, it accumulates more in the environment than other estrogens before its own transformation occurs. E1 was first mentioned as a pollutant of concern by the European Union in 2008 (Article 8b of Directive 2008/105/EC) related to environmental quality standards in the field of water policy, when a union-wide watch list of substances was established to be monitored in water sources. In this list, there were three estrogen hormones included: 17-\(\alpha\)-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 17-\(\beta\)-estradiol (E2), and Estrone (E1), together with their maximum acceptable limits, which for E1 was set up at 3.6 ng/L. Water was the chosen medium as it is found in the aquatic environment, where the effects of estrogens on the environment have been first investigated [19], especially in fish communities, which exhibited sexual dysmorphism [20]. However, estrogen presence and behaviour in soil received much less attention; although, lately, the body of knowledge in this field has increased. More has been achieved in understanding how the different estrogen hormones behave, and relationships between their properties and various environmental factors. For estrone, there have been studies on its transformation in aerobic [17] and anaerobic conditions [21], on prevalent microorganisms that degrade it [22, 23, 24], on metabolic transformation paths [25, 26], and on soil characteristics that affect its mobility and transformation [27, 28], but less on how soil groups influence estrone transformation. The main focus of this research is to compare estrone transformation in different agricultural soils from the Czech Republic, and by extension, from Central and Eastern Europe where these three soils are used extensively in agriculture.