## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Material Specifications and Sample Preparation  
AlSi10 Mg material supplied by EOS company was used in the study. The samples were manufactured by the DMLS device. In this study, micro-milling experiments were conducted using Al10 MgSi aluminum alloy fabricated by the DMLS method. Table 1 shows the chemical components of the materials used in the study. The aluminum AlSi10 Mg manufactured by the EOS company is a widely used alloy known for its favorable mechanical properties and lightweight nature, as shown in Table 2.  
The system operates with high precision, utilizing advanced, sharp micro cutting tools for 1090 \(\upmu\)m applications. The workpiece material, an additively manufactured AlSi10 Mg alloy, is well-suited for micro machining. It is prepared with dimensions of 50 \(\times\) 20 \(\times\) 5 mm. The parts were fabricated using AlSi10 Mg alloy on a DMLS machine equipped with a Yb-fiber laser, which operates at a maximum power of 400 W and has a minimum laser spot diameter of 100 \(\upmu\)m. The fabrication was carried out with a standard layer thickness of 0.03 mm. The process followed the manufacturer's recommended parameters, specifically, a laser power of 370 W, a scanning speed of 1300 mm/s, and a hatch spacing of 0.19 mm, and the platform temperature here was taken as 165 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which is recommended by the company, in order to reduce distortion in the material and ensure a tighter bond. Upon completion of the fabrication process, the residual dust on the parts was first cleaned inside the fabrication chamber. Subsequently, the support structures were removed, and the specimens were separated from the manufacturing platform using a wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) system (Figure 1). In Figure 2, the micro-milling experimental setup, capable of reaching high spindle speeds of up to 60,000 rpm and performing micro-level milling operations, is presented. The figure also includes a detailed view of the cutting region where the machining process takes place, along with a schematic representation of the machining area. This micro-milling machine is equipped with specialized software that allows it to achieve the desired spindle speed with high precision. Additionally, the cutting depth can be easily adjusted along the Z-axis to the required \(\upmu\)m level. During the experiments, the material was secured to a Kistler-9119 AA1 model mini dynamometer using screws, enabling the measurement of cutting forces (Fx, Fy, and Fz) during machining. These force values were then transmitted to a computer system for data analysis. The motion along the X, Y, and Z axes was worked with high precision using micro-step motors and guide rails, with the machining direction set along the X-axis. Unlike conventional industrial vertical machining centers, this micro-milling machine features a horizontal machining configuration, where the cutter is attached \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Material** & **Element** & **Fe** & **Si** & **Ti** & **Mn** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{ISi10 Mg} & \multirow{3}{*}{Percent} & 0.55\% & 9.0–11.0\% & 0.15\% & 0.45\% \\ \cline{3-6}  & & **Cu** & **Ni** & **Mg** & **Al** \\ \cline{3-6}  & & 0.05\% & 0.05\% & 0.25–0.45\% & Balance \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Chemical composition of AlSi10 Mg aluminum alloy [29]. Figure 1: Fabrication process of the samples: (**a**) dimensional representation (in mm) and (**b**) manufactured AlSi10 Mg samples. to the via a pneumatic system. For the cutting process, a Heikenei brand four-flute cutting tool with a diameter of 1000 \(\upmu\)m was used, and its specifications are provided in Table 3.  
In the micro-machining tests, the cutting parameters included feed per tooth (fz), spindle speed (n), and cutting depth. The machining experiments were conducted using four different feed rates, three spindle speed variations, and two different cutting depths (Table 4).