# Situated AR Simulations of a Lantern Festival Using a Smartphone and LiDAR-Based 3D Models
## 7 Verification by Situated Application and Reconstruction of the 3D Model
### Field and Laboratory Tests  
The three AR instancing scenarios mentioned above represented a simulations made from a programmer's or users' perspective. The application in Guangdong proved that the spatial structure and large staged installations can be elaborated directly from an app programmer's point of view in a park or plaza, the same as a designer could do. The application in Taipei proved that installations can be easily interpreted and improvised by researchers to assimilate into the original context like for visitors. Although situated applications have been used to enhance or re-experience a former event, a pure application should be evolved into a reconstruction of a test object and context in architectural pedagogy or design practice. More detailed tests were conducted in the laboratory or personal working spaces where different contexts were deployed for possible design elaboration, in which a user was also a designer. The tests followed the sequence and relationship illustrated in Figure 13.  
The reconstruction as a design process has to lay out the 3D model of an installation in a real environment or an artificial setting to replicate, simulate, or extend the former context. Based on the layout and complexity of the background, the context was classified into a plain background using a white cloth sheet, a more featured background using a piece of wood to simulate the landform, and a field test with a visit to a real site. Experiments concluded the cases of success and restrictions (Table 1). The reversed reconstruction created models with different levels of detail. Most isolated subjects had models created with more detail than most of the rough models represented in a circled background, because of the depth issue or being merged into the background. Due to the interference of pedestrians during the 3D scan, some models were not created for an incomplete boundaries. Figure 13: Reconstruction of the lantern in a new context as a sustainable preservation effort: (**a**) new allocated setting with the surrounding context; (**b**) photogrammetry modeling case 1; (**c**) modeling of case 2 made by the screenshots taken from the AR scenes; (**d**) the modification process; (**e**) AR QR code of the model; (**f**) 3D-printed model and layout case made by reversed reconstruction. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Situated Tests**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Results**} \\ \cline{2-9}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Background**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Arrangement**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Data**} & \\ \cline{2-9}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**White Sheet**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wood**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Field**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Circled**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**None**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Images**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Time (min)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Model**} \\ \hline A & & V & & V & 16 & 10 & \\ \hline B & & V & & V & 33 & 10 & V \\ \hline C & & V & & V & 25 & 10 & V \\ \hline D & & V & & V & 46 & 10 & V \\ \hline E & & V & V & 4 & 10 & & \\ \hline F & & V & V & 3 & 5 & & \\ \hline G & & V & V & 7 & 5 & & \\ \hline H & & V & V & 1 & 5 & & \\ \hline I & & V & V & 29 & 15 & V \\ \hline J & & V & V & 2 & 5 & & \\ \hline K & & V & V & 1 & 1 & & \\ \hline L & & V & V & 30 & 6 & & \\ \hline M & & V & V & 17 & 5 & V \\ \hline N & & V & V & 1 & 1 & & \\ \hline a (lab.) & V & & V & 28 & 7 & V \\ \hline b (lab.) & & V & V & 74 & 10 & V \\ \hline c (lab.) & & & V & V & 74 & 10 & V \\ \hline d (lab.) & V & & & V & 81 & 7 & V \\ \hline e (lab.) & V & & & V & 55 & 11 & V \\ \cline{2-9} and below & f (lab.) & V & V & V & & 63 & 8 & \\ \hline g (lab.) & V & V & V & V & 32 & 5 & & \\ \hline h (lab.) & V & V & V & V & 100 & 16 & & \\ \hline i (lab.) & V & V & & V & 64 & 10 & & \\ \hline j (home) & & & V & & V & 51 & 6 & V \\ \hline k (home) & V & & & V & 86 & 16 & V \\ \hline l (home) & V & & & V & 64 & 12 & V \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Experiments in terms of field cases and design applications.