## 2 Materials and Methods
### Release Rate of the Selected Encapsulation  
After selecting the baits based on the parameters outlined in the previous section, the WVM treatment demonstrated the best response and was subsequently chosen to evaluate the release rate within an alginate matrix. For this evaluation, 12 g of the bait was weighed and placed in an environmental chamber (Biobase(r), model BJPX-A250 IL, Biobase Biodusty, Jinan, China), which controls temperature, light, and humidity. To gather further information on the bait's behavior and durability over time, references were made to studies by [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2016); [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2016). The behavior of SWD at its optimal proliferation temperatures (15\({}^{\circ}\) to 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C) was compared with the average temperatures and relative humidity recorded between September and December 2022 (Table 2), corresponding to the cherry season in the La Araucania region (Kraucania, 2016). Additionally, to determine the release range and encapsulation capacity of the alginate, a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) assay was conducted. Briefly, 12 g of alginate beads designed with the WVM bait was placed in a glass vial. A SPME fiber (DVB/CAR/PDMS, 120 um \(\times\) 20 mm) was attached to this vial, allowing it to capture volatile compounds for 2 h. The volatile compounds emitted by these capsules were determined every 24 h, up to a total of 120 h. The major compounds, as well as the total emission of volatiles, were analyzed using a gas chromatograph (GC-2030 Nexis(r); Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a mass spectrometer detector. The capillary column used was an Rtx-5 MS (30 m \(\times\) 0.25 mm, 0.25 um df; Restek GC Columns, Bellefonte, PA, USA). Helium was used as the carrier gas. The column temperature profile was set as follows: 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 1 min, which was then increased to 280 \({}^{\circ}\)C at a rate of 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C/min and held at this temperature for 3 min. The injector and interphase were set to 280 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the detector was held at 230 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The electron impact ionization energy was set at 75 eV. A 1 \(\upmu\)L aliquot from all agri-food byproducts was injected into the GC-MS.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Date**} & **Temperature** & **Minimum** & **Maximum** & **Relative** & **Accumulated** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **Temperature** & **Temperature** & **Humidity** & **Precipitation** \\  & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **(\%)** & **(\%)** & **(mm)** \\ \hline Sep-2022 & 9 & 2.8 & 15.2 & 88.1 & 44 \\ Oct-2022 & 11.1 & 5.2 & 16.9 & 83.3 & 116.5 \\ Nov-2022 & 15.2 & 9 & 21.5 & 80.1 & 38.2 \\ Dec-2022 & 16.6 & 9.6 & 23.7 & 71.9 & 14 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Agroclimatic parameters for the 2022 season. Agro-meteorological Network INIA, Maquehue Station, Freire, La Araucania Region.  
In light of the above, a release rate test was conducted at 21.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 75% humidity to assess the bait's weight loss over time. Weight measurements were taken every 2 h during the first 24 h, and then at 48, 72, 96, and 120 h, using an analytical balance (Precisa, model XB 220, Precisa Gravimetrics AG, Dietikon, Switzerland). The collected data were used to perform release kinetics analysis, applying the mathematical models of [PERSON] and Higuchi [45; 46].  
The release data were processed in triplicate for each time point, allowing for the construction of the release profile of the matrices containing the volatiles for further analysis.