## 3 Results
### Exploratory Data Analysis
#### 3.2.1 Demographic Characteristics  
The demographic characteristics of each child covered sex and age distributions. Sex distribution by defaulter and non-defaulter classes is presented in Table 5.  
We can see from the results that the association between sex and defaulting from childhood immunization was not statistically significant. There was approximately a 50% split between females and males for both the defaulter and non-defaulter classes. Following this, a statistical summary of age distribution between defaulter and non-defaulter children is presented in Table 6.  
The age distribution of children, on the other hand, differed between the two classes (Figure 3). The non-defaulter class had a lower mean age (23.4, \(\pm\)12.92) compared to the defaulter class (26.5, \(\pm\)12.85). Both classes had the same minimum (5 months) and maximum (48 months) ages. However, the age distribution was skewed towards older children for the defaulter class (Figure 5). In addition to the child's socio-demographics, the analysis included the socio-demographics of the caregiver (education, employment, etc.) as well as health practices related to childcare such as bed net use and health insurance coverage. A tabular summary of the analysis of caregiver socio-demographics is presented in Table A1 in Appendix A. From the results, we observed higher educational attainment among the non-defaulter class. For instance, a higher number of non-defaulters had attained senior secondary level (16.56%), compared to defaulters (11.67%), and tertiary education (5.33%), compared to defaulters (3.15%). Maternal employment status between the two classes was comparable, with self-employment being the most common occupation, forming approximately 40% in both classes. In terms of child healthcare practices, 54.11% of non-defaulters had health insurance coverage, compared to 48.58% for defaulters. Similarly, mosquito net usage was higher among non-defaulters (67.27%) compared to defaulters (64.13%). Predictors categorised under household characteristics include socio-economic status, household composition, settlement type (rural/urban), and the hygienic status of essential utilities (toilet facilities and source of water). There were also differences in socio-economic status \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Distribution by Age**} & **DEFAULT** & **NON-DEFAULT** \\  & **(_n_ = 9544)** & **(_n_ = 4180)** \\ \hline Minimum & 5 & 5 \\ Maximum & 48 & 48 \\ Mean & 26.50 & 23.35 \\ Standard Deviation & 12.85 & 12.92 \\
25 th Percentile (Q1) & 15.75 & 10.00 \\ Median (Q2) & 26.50 & 24.00 \\
75 th Percentile (Q3) & 37.25 & 34.00 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Sex distribution of defaulters and non-defaulters. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Child’s Sex**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**DEFAULT** & **NON-DEFAULT** & **p-Value** \\  & **(_n_ = 9544)** & & **(_n_ = 4180)** & **_p-Value_** \\ \hline  & \(n\) & **\%** & \(n\) & **\%** & \\ \hline Female & 4705 & 49.30 & 2017 & 48.25 & \\ Male & 4839 & 50.70 & 2163 & 51.75 & 0.260 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Sex distribution of defaulters and non-defaulters. between defaulters and non-defaulters. A higher proportion of non-defaulters were classified as wealthy (23.30%) compared to defaulters (18.51%), while a smaller proportion of non-defaulters fell into the \"poor\" and \"low\" categories (16.39% and 19.02%, respectively) compared to defaulters (21.80% and 21.13%). In subjective assessments of wealth status, a similar pattern was observed. Over half of the non-defaulter class (51.10%) perceived themselves as being in the \"average\" or better wealth categories, compared to 45% of defaulters. Fewer individuals under the non-defaulter class considered themselves \"poor\" (9%) compared to defaulters (13.47%). The results on household composition present the relationship of the household head to the child. Slightly more non-defaulters had the child's father as the head of household (53.97%) compared to defaulters (52.88%).