# Intelligent Reasoning Rules for Home Energy Management (IRRHEM): Algeria Case Study
## 2 IRRHEM Design and Development
### Work Environment Study  
In this study, the internal environment of the home is affected by many negative aspects that have a direct relationship with the residents, in particular:  
* Random setting of the electric air conditioner;
* Leaving the water heater on continuously without setting the timer at night to use it in the morning;
* Not turning off lights when they are not needed, and not using natural light instead of electricity (at specific times of the day);
* Not unplugging electrical devices when not in use;
* Not exploiting renewable energy resources;
* Not using the refrigerator efficiently to avoid wasting electricity, for example, by avoiding continuously opening and closing it so that cold air does not escape;  
Figure 1: The proposed IRRHEM method. * Not using electric ovens correctly, for example, opening the oven door several times to check the cooking level. It should also be noted that not using utensils that are the same size as the stove, results in heat loss. Finally, a common mistake is not turning off the stove minutes before the end of cooking, although the residual heat after turning it off may be sufficient to complete the food cooking;
* Putting hot food in the refrigerator causes an increase in energy consumption;
* Keeping a lot of leftover food in the refrigerator may lead to an increase in power consumption;
* Cooking food without a \"pot\" lid, which increases the cooking time and therefore increases the amount of electrical energy consumed;
* Using the microwave to boil water instead of an electric kettle, although the first appliance consumes a greater amount of electrical energy compared to the second appliance;
* Using the electric cooker instead of the electric kettle because the cooker needs time to heat up also the cooker stays hot for up to twenty minutes even after the task is completed and it is a waste of energy;
* Failure to use modern electrical devices that do not require a lot of electrical energy during their operation, as well as not consulting the technical side when purchasing electrical devices (for example, not reading the label of the device, which explains its classification in terms of consumption and energy efficiency);
* Frequent use of the hot water cycle and not choosing the cold water cycle over hot water (for example, uncertainty as to operating dishwashers at full capacity);
* Not changing the air conditioning filters, because the accumulation of dust in the filters causes the air conditioner to work twice as hard to push in cold air, and therefore the consumption of a greater quantity of electric energy;
* Not using LED bulbs that consume less energy;
* Operating a clothes dryer instead of drying clothes with natural air and sun, which leads to the additional consumption of electrical energy;
* Opening the curtains when the air conditioner is on, causing heat to spread in the room, resulting in an increase in work for the air conditioner and therefore higher energy consumption;
* Increasing the temperature of the washing machine, although heating the water does not significantly affect the cleanliness of the clothes;
* Failure to reduce the brightness of the TV screen, which may cause the TV to consume more electricity;
* Not using thermal insulation in buildings;
* Failure to group similar activities at the same time, which causes additional uses of electrical devices and thus the additional consumption of electrical energy;
* Not using modern technologies to run the house and energy in particular, such as artificial intelligence techniques, knowledge capitalization tools, and rules-based reasoning tools linked to resident behavior. After analyzing and studying previous work, the following propositions can be suggested:  
* Air conditioning accounts for about half of the electrical energy consumption in homes. It should be remembered that 24 degrees Celsius is the perfect temperature to balance comfort and energy saving at home [15].