## 1 Introduction  
Plastic is a significant material that is commonly used in our daily lives and has a significant impact on our standard of life. Because plastics are mostly generated from fossil fuels today, this has resulted in a serious impact on the environment. However, switching to bio-based plastics from oil-based ones would aid in lowering the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. Finding a way to utilize industrial waste as raw materials for bio-based products would now not only be economical, but also environmentally friendly [1, 2]. Several research studies focus on byproducts and waste materials from the food sector, especially fruit and vegetable industries, for bioplastics production [1, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Orange and ginger have been interesting raw materials for bioplastics production [1]. According to the European Commission (2020), Europe produced more than 6,550,000 tons of oranges in the year 2018/2019 and the orange sector remains one of the largest in the world. After pressing to produce orange juice, 50-60% of the original mass remains as peels, pulp, and seeds residue. These orange residues contain valuable polysaccharides, such as pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, as well as di- and monosaccharides in the form of soluble sugars. Pectinhas been studied previously and its gelling ability has shown interesting properties in the context of bioplastics production. Pectin has been employed as a matrix and cellulosic fibers were used as reinforcement in the development of biocomposite materials [7]. Orange waste has previously been used as a reinforcement in petrochemical or biometric matrices. In all these cases, the authors reported an increase in the mechanical properties of the products compared to the pure polymer. The increase in mechanical properties is due to the direct effect of cellulose fibers. However, pectin, a major component of orange peel, does not appear to have a significant effect on the above composites [3,6,8]. There are 1% fat, 2% protein, 18% carbs, and 79% water in raw ginger. A total of 1% to 2% volatile oil, 5% to 8% pungent resinous substance, and starch are also present in ginger. The cork, which is ginger outermost covering, is made up of irregular parenchytamous cells and is dark brown in color. The inner cork is made up of radial rows of a few layered, colorless parenchytamous cells. The cortex is made up primarily of thin-walled, spherical cells with an indistinct phellogen, and the intercellular gaps are filled with many starch grains. The starch grains are simple, ovate, or sac shaped. All these characteristics give ginger a fibrous internal structure [9]. Biofilms and 3D objects are types of biomaterials that are in high demand on the market. Compression molding and solution casting are two of the few straightforward processes used to make such materials. A highly efficient and economical technique for creating thin films at a laboratory scale is solution casting, which involves applying biopolymer solutions to a surface and allowing them to dry. Researchers have developed different techniques to cast biofilms [1,4,10-12]. Dissolving cellulose or lignin before casting is one way to create thin films from lignocellulosic materials, and a number of solvents have been proposed for this purpose [13]. We have previously developed a novel casting method to produce pectin-based thin films [3]. The method involves dissolving pectin and dispersing cellulose fibers in a citric acid solution, such fibers then dried into thin layers. It is well known that citric acid works as an effective solvent to dissolve pectin, and the pectin dissolution facilitates film formation. The films can be viewed as biocomposite materials made of cellulose fibers that are reinforced into a matrix of pectin and hemicellulose [14]. The addition of glycerol to the solution could provide a plasticizing effect to the casted films [15]. In a study, a twin-screw extruder was used to blend pectin, glycerol, starch, and water, and the mixture was extruded as films [15].