###### Abstract  
(1) Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the reliability and consistency of the impact of gaze behaviors (e.g., QE duration, FFD, FD) on basketball shooting performance. (2) Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), SPORTDiscus, and Scopus, covering all records from each database's inception. Overall, 17 studies were included examining the relationship between the gaze behavior of basketball players and shooting performance and the studies The quality of the studies was assessed using the McMaster Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies. A meta-analysis was performed using R 4.4.2 software. (3) Results: Longer QE duration (r = 0.67, \(p\) = 0.04) and FFD (r = 0.55, \(p\) = 0.03) were positively correlated with SA, while FD showed no significant association (\(p\) = 0.82). Elite players exhibited significantly longer QE durations than near-elite players (\(p\) = 0.01), but no significant differences were observed in FFD (\(p\) = 0.12) or FD (\(p\) = 0.18) between competition levels. Meta-regression analysis confirmed a significant positive relationship between QE duration and SA in different competition levels (\(p\) = 0.0143). (4) Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of QE duration in basketball shooting performance, with elite players showing better gaze control. b 2024 28 March 2025  
Gaze behaviors play a crucial role in the shooting process, covering a series of key indicators such as fixations (e.g., stationary gaze at a target) and saccades (e.g., rapid eye movements from one gaze fixation to another) [3,4]. Specifically, the quiet eye (QE) duration is defined as the time from the onset of fixation stability to the end of the first observable movement in the shooting motion [5, 6, 7]. QE duration is relevant for both open- and closed-loop control processes, as it aids in action pre-programming before execution in the former and assists in real-time movement adjustments in the latter [5, 6, 7]. For example, the free throw scenario is associated with improved shooting accuracy due to the role of quiet eyes in the pre-programmed action [6], especially in high-pressure situations [7,8]. As such, studies have established a positive correlation between QE duration and shooting accuracy [4]. Since 2002, research has emphasized that Final Fixation Duration (FFD) also plays a crucial role in the shooting process [9], which refers to the time spent visually fixating on the target immediately before initiating the shooting motion, serving as a critical moment of attentional focus [10]. Compared to QE duration, FFD emphasizes the finalized visual input just before shot execution, including the final gaze adjustments made after the shooting action has already begun [9]. It has been found that the FFD can be significantly affected by shooting style [9,11]. Additionally, recent research has demonstrated that the FFD impacts shooting performance differently across various groups [8]. In contrast, fixation duration (FD) represents the cumulative time that relevant cues encompass overall visual engagement during a task, reflecting visual search strategies and attentional allocation [3,8,12, 13, 14]. For example, basketball players rely on their vision to predict the trajectory of the ball and identify scoring opportunities, using FD to optimize their anticipatory and decision-making processes [5,10,13]. Similarly, this concept extends to other sports, such as badminton, which involve modulating the dynamic nature of visual attention and fixation strategies under rapid and complex situational changes [15]. Basketball players' ability to focus on relevant cues and ignore distractions has been shown to improve their shooting accuracy and overall performance [16]. Research has confirmed that cognitive factors, alongside physical attributes, are critical determinants of player performance [17].