## 3 Results and Discussion  
The raw material was processed during the plasma-chemical process, and the fiber was also obtained. The surface morphologies of the original material and the material obtained after the plasma-chemical process were studied using an SEM. Images from the SEM studies are presented in Figure 2.  
Figure 2: _Cont._  
Figure 2a shows SEM images of wood ash as raw material before plasma treatment. As can be seen, the wood ash consists of various irregularly shaped microparticles with a diameter of up to 10 \(\upmu\)m. This material is obtained after the wood combustion process. Since the wood combustion process is variable and heterogeneous, particles of different sizes are formed. Figure 2b shows SEM images from when wood ash was processed in a plasma-chemical reactor. As can be seen, the surface consists of irregularly shaped particles. The particles are non-sharp-edged and round. The diameter of the particles is up to 15 \(\upmu\)m. It is likely that the particles develop a rounded structure during plasma-chemical processing, as a melting process takes place, during which the sharp edges disappear. Figure 2c shows SEM surface images of the fly ash primary raw material [1; 2; 3; 4]. In this case, the ash was obtained at the household waste incineration plant of a company operating in Klaipeda (the ash was obtained during the processing/incineration of household waste). These ashes accumulate in air cleaning filters and scrubbers. As can be seen, ashes consist of irregularly shaped microparticles, the diameter of which can reach up to 10 \(\upmu\)m. Figure 2d shows the surface of fly ash after plasma-chemical processing. As can be seen from the SEM images, the surface consists of irregular round-shaped structures of various diameters that can reach up to 30 \(\upmu\)m and beyond. These round structures are formed during the melting process. Figure 2e shows SEM images of the initial material slag. This slag is formed during the incineration of household waste as a secondary waste. As can be seen, the slag consists of microforms of irregular sharp shapes, the dimensions of which reach up to 30 \(\upmu\)m. During the incineration of household waste, various complex processes, both chemical and physical ones, take place, such as the decomposition of various compounds, melting, and evaporation. Figure 2f shows a surface image of the slag after plasma-chemical treatment. As can be seen from the SEM photo, the surface consists of individual large particles that are round in shape, with a diameter of 1-2 \(\upmu\)m. These particles are likely formed during chemical reactions and melting processes. An attempt was made to obtain a micrometer fiber during the plasma-chemical process. This fiber was obtained from slag, which is formed during the incineration of household waste. SEM images of this fiber are presented in Figure 2g.h. As we can see, the fiber consists of elongated structures. The diameter of fiber threads ranges from 0.1 to 5 \(\upmu\)m. Micrometric fibers are formed as the melt of raw material is flowing on the walls of the plasma-chemical channel, and a high-speed gas flow rips out some droplets of the melt and stretches it into fiber using high kinetic energy [1; 2; 3; 4; 5]. While studying the samples using the SEM, the elemental composition of the materials was also studied using the EDS method. The results of the EDS studies are presented in Table 1. In this case, sample 01 corresponds to wood ash before plasma-chemical treatment; sample 02--wood ash after plasma-chemical treatment; sample 03--fly ash obtained during the processing of household waste via incineration (primary raw material); sample 04--fly  
Figure 2: SEM pictures of fly ash and slag and obtained fiber: (**a**)—wood ash, primary raw material; (**b**)—the edge of wood after processing; (**c**)—fly ash, primary raw material; (**d**)—fly ash after processing; (**e**)—slag, primary material; (**f**)—slag after processing; (**g**)—fiber with a power of 63 kW; (**h**)—fiber with a power of 74 kW.