# Properties and Preparation of a New High-Permeability Emulsified Asphalt and Its Modification
## 3 Preparation of High-Permeability Emulsified Asphalt
### Optimal Formula of High-Permeability Emulsified Asphalt  
Five kinds of emulsified asphalt on filter paper of 300 mesh, 400 mesh, and 500 mesh; the photos had been taken at the interval of every 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h. The diffusion area was calculated by pixel identification technology, and the diffusion area difference to the initial area (0 h) was analyzed. The test results are shown in Table 8 and Figure 9.  
As can be seen from Table 9 and Figure 9, after 72 h on 300 mesh filter paper the area on 400 mesh and 500 mesh filter paper is the largest, which is 240 mm\({}^{2}\) and 192 mm\({}^{2}\) larger than the initial area of filter paper, respectively. When the diffusion area decreases, it indicates that the penetration effect of emulsified asphalt made from Formula 1 is not as high as Formula 2. Therefore, in general, emulsified asphalt made from Formula 2 has the best penetration effect, followed by Formula 1 and Formula 3. The final diffusion area of Formula 4 and Formula 5 is the smallest, which indicates that the penetration effect of these two emulsified asphalts is the worst. The above test steps were repeated to record the final diffusion area of the five kinds of emulsified asphalt on different filter papers after 30 days. The difference between the final diffusion area and the initial area of the five kinds of emulsified asphalt after 30 days is shown in Figure 10.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Number** & **Mix Proportion** & **The Emulsification Temperature** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{1} & 60\% Diluted asphalt (48\% matrix asphalt + 12\% Diluent) + 40\% Soap solution & Diluted asphalt 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, soap solution 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{2} & 55.2\% Diluted asphalt (44.16\% matrix asphalt + 11.04\% Diluent) + 4.8\% Aromatic oil + 40\% Soap solution & Diluted asphalt 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, soap solution 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{3} & 48\% Matrix asphalt + 12\% Aromatic oil + 40\% Soap solution & Diluted asphalt 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, soap solution 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \cline{2-3}  & 54\% Matrix asphalt + 6\% Aromatic oil + 40\% Soap solution & Matrix asphalt 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, soap solution 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \cline{2-3}  & 5 & Matrix asphalt 60\% + 40\% Soap solution & Matrix asphalt 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, soap solution 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 7: Formula scheme of high-permeability emulsified asphalt.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Number**} & **Filter Paper** & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Diffusion Area Difference (mm\({}^{2}\))**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & **Specification** & **1 h** & **2 h** & **3 h** & **4 h** & **5 h** & **6 h** & **24 h** & **48 h** & **72 h** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{1} & 300 mesh & 79 & 64 & 55 & 74 & 81 & 87 & 174 & 225 & 254 \\  & 400 mesh & 5 &  
Figure 9: Variation of diffusive area difference with time on filter papers of different specifications.  
As can be seen from Table 9 and Figure 10, the emulsified asphalt made from Formula 2 after 30 days of storage has the best diffusion effect on the three levels of filter paper. It shows that it has the most long-term storage stability. Due to the increased content of diluent, the bond between the molecules of the bitumen can be more fully fused. The more diluent, the thinner the emulsified bitumen. The more permeable it is, the better penetration effect it has. However, this ultra-high dilution and penetration effect may have a negative impact on the bond after the emulsion is broken. Therefore, the new high-permeability emulsified asphalt from Formula 2 (55.2% diluted asphalt (44.16% matrix asphalt + 11.04% dilution agent) + 40% soap solution (2% emulsifier + 0.5% stabilizer + 1% penetrant + 1% op-10 + 35.5% water) should be further modified to improve the pull-off strength.