## 5 Laboratory Test Description
### Considered Scenarios  
The tests can be classified into two subsets depending on whether the noise was injected in the network using a signal generator or the source of noise was a physical component of the lab premises. To be more precise, the worst case normative noise and the community antenna noise were generated synthetically; whereas the EV charging spot and the PV inverters available at the LINTER were used.  
The components and the setup of the test bench are different depending on this differentiation. Figure 24 shows the setup used in the synthetic noise injection tests. As it can be seen, the noise is synthetically generated by means of a signal generator [72] and is injected in the PLC network through a RF amplifier and a bulk current injection probe [73]. The role of the RF amplifier is to allow evaluating the impact of different power levels of the injected signal. The RF amplifier used in these tests works from 3 kHz to 1 MHz with a maximum output power of 50 W.  
Figure 25 illustrates the procedure followed to synthetically reproduce the noise. As it can be seen, the inputs are either an image or a text file representing the spectrum of the noisy signal. If the input is an image, first a manual process to characterize the most significant spectral components is required. As a result of this process, a text file including pairs of (frequency, amplitude) is obtained. Such text files are processed by software to obtain pairs of (time, amplitude), since the input of the signal generator is a time-domain signal. Then, the signal is injected in the PLC network and compared with the expected one.  
Figure 26 shows the setup of the tests related to the noise associated to the charging of the EV Nissan Leaf.  
Figure 24: Components and setup of the synthetic noise injection tests.  
Figure 25: Schema of the procedure followed to synthetically reproduce the noise.  
Figure 27 shows the setup of the tests related to the noise introduced by the inverters of the PV panels. As it has already been mentioned in Section 3.2.4, the PV system consists of amorphous panels and a three-phase power conversion consisting of 3 single-phase Danfoss DLX 3.8 KW inverters, in two of these phases (R and S) being the commercial filter Spica Strike [71] to attenuate harmonics.  
Figure 26: Components and setup of the EV noise tests.  
Figure 27: Components and setup of the PV panel inverter tests.  
As it is shown in Figures 24, 26 and 27, in all the tests the signal in the line is monitored through an oscilloscope [74], which is able to show the time and frequency domain at the same time, although Section 6 will focus on the frequency domain. The data concentrator is responsible to record the measurements related to the performance of the PRIME networks that will be analyzed in Section 7.  
Figures 24 and 26 also show the position in the network of the configurable filter presented in Section 4, which can be present or not, as explained in Section 5.1. It is worthwhile to stress that such a configurable filter is not the same as the filters used in the PV panel inverter tests (Figure 27).  
In all the tests, the data concentrator was configured to request standard consumption reports (such as S02--daily incremental consumption profile report--and S05--daily billing report) to all the smart meters in the network, so that a certain level of data traffic was guaranteed.