## 3 Results  
With CSC and 3 DSC, the researchers had carried out all the pretentious experimental procedures (Figures 5 and 6). There were no adverse effects reported or observed during or following intervention. Table 1 shows the homogeneity for the general characteristics of the participants. The assumption of normality was not violated in any data set (\(p>0.05\)). In male (\(n=14\)) muscle activity, 3 DSC was higher than CSC in the upper trapezius, but 3 DSC was significantly lower than CSC in the deltoid middle, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and extensor carpi radialis longus. Muscle activity in females (\(n=9\)) was lower in 3 DSC than in CSC and significantly lower in triceps brachii and extensor carpi radialis longus (\(p<0.05\)) (Table 2). The researchers completed a random double-blind test of men and women and presented it with data in the matter of analyzing the results. effectiveness' than in the CSC (_p_ < 0.05). There were no significant differences in 'weight, durability, easy to use' (Table 5). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline  & **3 DSC** & **CSC** & & \\ \cline{2-4}
**Outcome Assessment** & **M \(\pm\) SD** & **M \(\pm\) SD** & **_t_** & **_p_** \\  & **M \(\pm\) SD** & **M \(\pm\) SD** & & \\ \hline Moves controller away and back & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.78 \(\pm\) 0.57 & \(-\)1.440 & 0.150 \\ Selects drive modes and speeds & 1.78 \(\pm\) 0.42 & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & \(-\)1.800 & 0.072 \\ Operates body positioning options & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.53 & \(-\)0.514 & 0.608 \\ Disengages and engages motors & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 1.57 \(\pm\) 0.75 & \(-\)1.516 & 0.130 \\ Rolls forwards (10 m) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.78 \(\pm\) 0.57 & \(-\)0.076 & 0.940 \\ Rolls backwards (2 m) & 1.50 \(\pm\) 0.51 & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.53 & \(-\)2.245 & 0.025 \({}^{*}\) \\ Turns while moving forwards (90\({}^{\circ}\)) & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.26 & \(-\)1.000 & 0.317 \\ Turns while moving backwards (90\({}^{\circ}\)) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.71 \(\pm\) 0.61 & \(-\)0.552 & 0.581 \\ Turns in place (180\({}^{\circ}\)) & 2.00 \(\pm\) 1.85 & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & \(-\)1.441 & 0.150 \\ Maneuvers sideways (0.5 m) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 0.85 \(\pm\) 0.77 & \(-\)3.454 & 0.001 \({}^{*}\) \\ Gets through hinged door & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.26 & \(-\)1.000 & 0.317 \\ Reaches high object (1.5 m) & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.74 & \(-\)1.797 & 0.072 \\ Rolls 100 m & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.63 & \(-\)1.484 & 0.138 \\ Avoids moving obstacles & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.55 \(\pm\) 0.36 & \(-\)1.000 & 0.021 \({}^{*}\) \\ Ascents 5\({}^{\circ}\) incline & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & \(-\)1.441 & 0.150 \\ Descends 5\({}^{\circ}\) incline & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.35 \(\pm\) 0.84 & \(-\)2.694 & 0.007 \({}^{*}\) \\ Ascents 10\({}^{\circ}\) incline & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.78 \(\pm\) 0.57 & \(-\)1.440 & 0.150 \\ Descends 10\({}^{\circ}\) incline & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.17 \(\pm\) 0.61 & \(-\)0.552 & 0.581 \\ Rolls across side-slope (5\({}^{\circ}\)) & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.63 & \(-\)2.117 & 0.034 \({}^{*}\) \\ Rolls on soft surface (2 m) & 1.87 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.63 & \(-\)0.965 & 0.334 \\ Gets over gap (15 cm) & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.49 & 0.57 \(\pm\) 0.64 & \(-\)3.601 & 0.000 \({}^{*}\) \\ Gets over threshold (2 cm) & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.36 & \(-\)0.600 & 0.549 \\ Ascents low curb (5 cm) & 1.71 \(\pm\) 0.46 & 1.21 \(\pm\) 0.69 & \(-\)1.797 & 0.072 \\ Descends low curb (5 cm) & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 1.83 \(\pm\) 0.21 & \(-\)2.021 & 0.043 \({}^{*}\) \\ WST total scores & 49.28 \(\pm\) 2.19 & 42.85 \(\pm\) 4.31 & \(-\)3.935 & 0.000 \({}^{*}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* WST: wheelchair skills test; M: mean; SD: standard deviation; 3 DSC: 3D-printed steering system; CSC: conventional steering controller. \({}^{*}p\) \(<\) 0.05.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Comparison of Muscle Activities (%MVIC) during sEMG measurement.