## 6 Conclusions  
In this paper, the lateral dynamic response characteristics of 2 \(\times\) 2 straight piles and 2 \(\times\) 2 inclined piles in non-liquefied sand soil and saturated liquefied sand soil were studied using different thicknesses of 300 mm and 380 mm. According to the test results from the different working conditions, the test data were used as the basis, and the relevant theoretical calculation method of the pile foundation was adopted for analysis. The main conclusions are as follows:  
1. The variation in the pore water pressure of the two saturated sands with different thicknesses is approximately the same after liquefaction. After the vibration begins, it rises rapidly to approximately 1.0. After the vibration ends, it slowly drops to the level before the vibration. The macroscopic phenomena are similar. 2. In non-liquefied sand, the difference between the multiplication of the acceleration and displacement is small, but the inclined pile is slightly dominant. However, after the liquefaction of saturated sand, the acceleration and displacement of the straight pile group head are significantly enlarged compared with the output of the vibrating table, obtaining values much larger than the amplification of the inclined pile group. Compared with the straight pile foundation, the inclined pile foundation can effectively reduce the amplification effect of acceleration and the lateral absolute displacement response of the pile cap. 3. Both the straight and inclined pile groups show that the bottom and top of the pile have a large bending moment, and the bending moment of the middle part of the pile body is small in the non-liquefied sand and liquefied sand, both of which have similar laws. However, in terms of the distribution law of the overall bending moment, there is no significant difference in the bending moment between the top and middle of the pile, but the maximum bending moment at the bottom section of the straight pile group is significantly larger than that of the inclined pile group. Therefore, the inclined pile group has a better bending resistance under the same lateral dynamic load. 4. During the rising period of the pore pressure, the lateral force and displacement of the straight-sloping piles with different thicknesses decrease as the time increases, but the p-y curve is close to coincidence. However, the straight pile group is larger than the p-y hysteresis loop of the oblique pile group at the same thickness. In this experiment, the inclined pile group has a significant reduction effect compared with the straight pile on the resisting horizontal force, and it is more resistant to the lateral force. 5. Through the comparative analysis of the bending moment and the p-y curve, this paper explores the transverse dynamic response, bending state, and the force and displacement of the straight and inclined pile groups under the sinusoidal wave input, providing a theoretical basis for the seismic design method of the pile foundation of the liquefied soil layer with different thicknesses in the liquefaction site. Figure 19: The p–y hysteresis curve at 6.60–6.94 s: (**a**) straight pile group; (**b**) inclined pile group. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, Y.L. and J.Z. ; methodology, Y.L. ; validation, J.Z., D.Q. and H.C.; formal analysis, J.Z. ; investigation, J.Z. ; resources, Y.W. ; data curation, Y.L. ; writing--original draft preparation, Y.L. ; writing--review and editing, J.Z. ; visualization, J.Z. ; supervision, Y.L. ; project administration, Y.L. ; funding acquisition, Y.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research was funded by [Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration] grant number [2021D02], [the National Natural Science Foundation of China] grant number [51778207], and [the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province] grant number [E2018202107].