# A Survey of Blockchain Applications for Management in Agriculture and Livestock Internet of Things
## 4 Applications of Blockchain in Agricultural and Animal Husbandry IoT
### Supply Chain Management
#### 4.2.1 Transparency and Information Sharing in Supply Chains  
In this subsection, the focus is on discussing the importance of supply chain transparency and its impact on various stakeholders (such as producers, suppliers, distributors, and consumers). This paper examines the use of technological solutions, such as blockchain and IoT, to facilitate immediate data sharing and visualization across the entire supply chain. This includes tracking the sourcing of raw materials, production workflows, inventory control, and logistics monitoring. In paper [7], the authors introduce a cutting-edge blockchain-based traceability framework aimed at tackling food safety challenges within the agricultural sector in India. The foundation of this framework is a private blockchain network encompassing key stakeholders such as farm producers, suppliers, distributors, wholesalers, and consumers. By encrypting and distributing important information across the blockchain, this network guarantees the security of confidential data. Additionally, the paper thoroughly explores how smart contracts are utilized within the agricultural supply chain. These contracts are instrumental in overseeing and orchestrating all transactions and communications throughout the supply chain. Additionally, the research delves into the architectural and design aspects of the system, focusing on evaluating key elements, including hardware configuration and bandwidth. The conducted trials demonstrated the system's superior efficiency under controlled conditions, with significant performance metrics. By detailing these technical specifications, the blockchain-enabled traceability framework aims to reduce risks associated with food adulteration. The system's potential benefits include enhanced traceability, efficiency, and public health safety, prompting further investigation and innovation in business models that integrate blockchain technology and the IoT. Similarly, paper [94] addresses issues of information loss, incomplete data, and difficulty in tracking within the Indonesian sugar industry supply chain, proposing a blockchain technology-based intelligent decision support system. The reliance on centralized databases by conventional information systems results in data tampering and a substantial trust deficit. Additionally, the complexity of the supply chain network and geographical distribution results in difficulties in effectively tracking and monitoring supply chain activities. The solution presented in this paper capitalizes on the decentralization, immutability, and transparency inherent to blockchain technology. This novel system significantly enhances supply chain transparency and efficiency by establishing a secure, transparent, and immutable environment for data sharing. Additionally, it integrates smart contracts and IoT technology, thereby augmenting the supply chain's performance and bolstering trust among consumers and stakeholders. This innovative application of blockchain technology is expected to significantly enhance information management across the supply chain, thereby boosting operational efficiency and the overall effectiveness of the sugar industry's supply chain management. This approach presents a significant stride towards resolving the prevalent challenges and optimizing the supply chain processes within the sugar industry in Indonesia. Furthermore, in paper [95], the authors explore the intricacies of the agricultural supply chain, focusing specifically on the hurdles encountered by small-scale farmers. Central issues identified within traditional supply chain management encompass a lack of transparency, limited credibility, and a skewed distribution system disadvantageous to small-scale farmers. These challenges stem primarily from the centralized structure of supply chain management and the opacity regarding essential information. This situation obstructs small-scale farmers' efforts to achieve fair trading conditions in a competitive market environment.