## 6 Assessment of the Proposed Work
### Security Assessment
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline
**Attack Type** & **Attack Action** & **Our System Faces Attacks** \\ \hline Flash loan attacks & In the field of decentralized finance (DeFi), flash loan asaults are a particular kind of hacking that makes use of the special features of flash loans. In these attacks, a sizable amount of money is borrowed in a single transaction, which is used to manipulate asset prices across many platforms and then is swiftly rapid in the same transaction. This makes it possible for hackers to take advantage of smart contract flaws like front running and pricing oracle manipulation to profit at the expense of other users or protocols. Attacks using flash loans have been used to carry out intricate plans. like market manipulation or arbitrage changes, thus costing DeFi platforms and their users a great deal of money. \\ \hline Hot wallet attack & This attack refers to the the heft and illegal access to cryptocurrency funds kept in internet-connected online wallets. These wallets are convenient, but they are also more susceptible to hacking attempts because they are frequently used for regular transactions, trading, and instant access to funds. Cybercriminals can use a number of strategies, including phishing assaults, malware infections, social engineering, as well as taking advantage of security flaws in wallet vices or exchange platforms to access hot wallets. The victims may suffer monetary losses when hackers shift Bitcoin cash to their own wallets once they have access to a hot wallet. \\ \hline Transaction mal-leability attack & This type of cyberattack exploits vulnerabilities in cryptocurrency transaction records, such as those found in Bitcoin. This attack involves modifying a transaction’s unique identification number, or transaction ID, before the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain, without affecting the transaction’s real content or nature. By altering the transaction ID, attackers may slow down or confense the network, which could result in issues with transaction verifications and poorer network performance as a whole. This type of attack cannot be used to steal money or create new currencies, but it could result in momentary interruptions like transaction failures or delays in transaction confirmation. Transaction data have been changed for malicious purposes in the past through attacks on transaction malleability. \\ \hline Cold wallet theft attack & This attack is used to describe the heft and illegal access to Bitcoin funds kept in offline wallets without an internet connection. Compared to hot wallets, these wallets—also referred to as cold storage wallets—are thought to be a more secure way to store digital assets, since they are less susceptible to hacking attempts. Since cold wallets are not constantly connected to online networks and are therefore less vulnerable to cyberattacks, they are often used for long-term storage or as a backup for significant quantities of cryptocurrency. Cold wallets can still be the target of skilled attackers, though, who may use internal threats, physical theft, social engineering, or other strategies to obtain private keys or recovery seeds linked to the wallet. \\ \hline Investment scam attack & An investment scam attack is a deliberate attempt to trick the payee into giving up his/her money through a fake investment opportunity. Scammers will live the payee with the promise of high returns and low risks, but their goal is to steal the money. \\ \hline Coin age accumulation attack & A mechanism of coin accumulation attack that specifically addresses blockchains that use a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus protocol. In PoS, validates elect new blocks in the blockchain system by using their network stake. PoS typically scales a “coin age”, which reflects the validator’s stake. The coin age combines consideration of both the amount of coins held and how long they have been held. The higher the age of coins (older coin age), the greater the impact on the validation process of the blocks. An attacker earns a lot of coins and keeps them for a long value. This makes them by the largest contributor to the stakes of the network. \\ \hline Block discarding attack & In this attack, malicious miners control the valid blocks they have mined and withheld them from being broadcast to the entire network. The attacker does not publish the block to the network but just discards it and continues to mine into the block secretly. It gives rise to a concealed fork in the blockchain. Such malicious actors may try to re-use the same coins twice by including the amount in their fork and then broadcasting a conflicting transaction to the main chain. This will lead the attacker to unjustly receive more than the fair amount of the mining pool reward while preventing the timely advancement of the overall mining progress by retusing to hand over blocks. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
\begin{tabular}{p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Our smart wallet usage is supported by the powerful cryptography of the AsSals20 algorithm as a primary phase, and then it is supported by the smart contracts conditions as a secondary phase; this action gives two-authorization access to the system. \\ \hline Transaction mal-leability attack & This type of cyberattack exploits vulnerabilities in cryptocurrency transaction records, such as those found in Bitcoin. This attack involves modifying a transaction’s unique identification number, or transaction ID, before the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain, without affecting the transaction’s real content or nature. By altering the transaction ID, attackers may slow down or confense the network, which could result in issues with transaction verifications and poorer network performance as a whole. This type of attack cannot be used to steal money or create new currencies, but it could result in momentary interruptions like transaction failures or delays in transaction confirmation. Transaction data have been changed for malicious purposes in the past through attacks on transaction malleability. \\ \hline Cold wallet theft attack & This attack is used to describe the heft and illegal access to Bitcoin funds kept in offline wallets without an internet connection. Compared to hot wallets, these wallets—also referred to as cold storage wallets—are thought to be a more secure way to store digital assets, since they are less susceptible to hacking attempts. Since cold wallets are not constantly connected to online networks and are therefore less vulnerable to cyberattacks, they are often used for long-term storage or as a backup for significant quantities of cryptocurrency. Cold wallets can still be the target of skilled attackers, though, who may use internal threats, physical theft, social engineering, or other strategies to obtain private keys or recovery seeds linked to the wallet. \\ \hline Investment scam attack & An investment scam attack is a deliberate attempt to trick the payee into giving up his/her money through a fake investment opportunity. Scammers will live the payee with the promise of high returns and low risks, but their goal is to steal the money. \\ \hline Coin age accumulation attack & A mechanism of coin accumulation attack that specifically addresses blockchains that use a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus protocol. In PoS, validates elect new blocks in the blockchain system by using their network stake. PoS typically scales a “coin age”, which reflects the validator’s stake. The coin age combines consideration of both the amount of coins held and how long they have been held. The higher the age of coins (older coin age), the greater the impact on the validation process of the blocks. An attacker earns a lot of coins and keeps them for a long value. This makes them by the largest contributor to the stakes of the network. \\ \hline Block discarding attack & In this attack, malicious miners control the valid blocks they have mined and withheld them from being broadcast to the entire network. The attacker does not publish the block to the network but just discards it and continues to mine into the block secretly. It gives rise to a concealed fork in the blockchain. Such malicious actors may try to re-use the same coins twice by including the amount in their fork and then broadcasting a conflicting transaction to the main chain. This will lead the attacker to unjustly receive more than the fair amount of the mining pool reward while preventing the timely advancement of the overall mining progress by retusing to hand over blocks. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
\begin{tabular}{p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Our system is supported by the secured smart wallet, where all the information about the payee and the payee are encrypted and managed by code-based conditions. This action protects the system against this type of attack. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
\end{table}