## 5 Review Analysis
### Classification of Frameworks Based on Application Category
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Group** & **Sub-Group** & **Blockchain Based Frameworks** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Service Provisioning} & Financial services & DRL [237], BEIP [238] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Resource sharing & Dai et al. [239], Guo et al. [240], DRS [241], 6C-IoV [242], \\  & Mohammed et al. [243], ManuChain [244] \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Trustworthiness} & Knowledge sharing & MKShareNet [245], Li et al. [246], HBEFL [247], CKShare [248], Chai et al. [249] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Data sharing & FL [251], Feng et al. [252], PBDL [253], MDS [254], Kumar et al. [255], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Data sharing & MPBC [257], Zhang et al. [258], fuzzy engine [259], ANFPB [260] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Machine learning & PiRATE [261], DFL [262], BlockDeepNet [263], Singh et al. [264], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Packet forwarding & Secure routing [268], GAR [269], trusted routing [270], ENIR [271], CDRL [272], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Local optimization & LB-DRL [274], ECRL [275], BCLB [276], Fuzzy [277], IVEC [278] \\ \cline{2-3}  & QoS offering & MLBQR [280], MLSMBQS [281], side chaining [282], ATQMB [283], \\ \cline{2-3}  & User administration & CGT [285] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Mobility (Generic) & MADRL [286], DRL [287], QRM [288], DMM [289] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Mobility (Authentication handover) & IoTAH [290], deep learning [291], RLAC-FNN [292], AEFO [293], ATLB [294] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Mobility (Channel scheduling) & BBAIoT [295] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Mobility (Offloading) & ACDRL [296], SOM [297], DRL-CO [298], SCRDO [299], Edge-cloud CO [300], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Spectrum administration & SMS [302], 6 GSH [303], CR-IOT [304], DITEN [305], spectrum trading [306], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Fault administration & FIRP [308], PRLB [309] \\ \cline{2-3}  & NAT administration & QRM [288], IoMT [310] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Energy administration & UAGV [311], RM [312], EE [313], pre-caching [314], Block5 GIntell [315], \\  & VEN [316], DETF [317], DET [318], SDEM [319] \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Security and privacy} & Privacy & PPSF [321], EAI [322], PPBD [323], FFIDS [324], SWS [325], FDEMATEL [326] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Authentication, access control, & Dynamic AC [327], SC [328], DLACB [329], DAC [330], SC-DT [331], \\ \cline{2-3}  & and encryption & MSecureChain [332], SIEMF [333], SVM [334], FBASHI [335], NF-VANET [336] \\ \cline{2-3}  & VPN & VAE [337], I-Trace [338] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Firewall & Fuzzy NN [339], FL-FW [340], fuzzy-IVN [341] \\ \cline{2-3}  & Intrusion detection & SVM-AL [343], DL [344], PRO-DBLIDCS [345], DBF [346], CID [347], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Intrusion detection & KNN [348], DeepCoin [349], FBSDEL-IDS [351], CIDS [352], \\ \cline{2-3}  & RSL-KNN [353], CGAN [354], ANN [355], Fuzzy-IDS [356], PBFL-ADS [357], \\ \cline{2-3}  & Anomaly detection & DAG blockchain [359], Brain-chain [360], PBFLAD [361], IoMTBC-AD [362], \\ \cline{2-3}  & HDL [363] \\ \hline Virtual network & \(-----\) & BTNV [365], DQL-KDVN [366], DLT [367], CBDST [368], SliceBlock [369], \\ \cline{2-3}  & BNSB [370], Skunk [371], SRT-DDO [372], TTRAS [373] \\ \hline Big data analysis & \(-----\) & BlockIoTIntelligence [374], DFL-B [375] \\ \hline Cloud/edge compu. & \(-----\) & ERSS [377], Edge-RA [378], Tian et al. [379], Shahbazi et al. [380], NS-IoT [381], \\ \cline{2-3}  & QoS [382], DSF [383], ChainIFL [384], GDRL [385], BCODL [386], \\ \hline Data center & \(-----\) & UC-ERA [387] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Summary of intelligent network applications of blockchains. Detailed Comparison and Performance Analysis of each Blockchain Application in Knowledge-Defined Networks  
In this section, we compare each of the blockchain-based intelligent network application frameworks with each other with respect to blockchain architecture, blockchain consensus, blockchain type, knowledge generation/dissemination model, and knowledge generation or dissemination technique, while reviewing the performance of each of them. Table 4 depicts the details of each application of blockchain technology in knowledge-based networks reviewed in Section 4.