# Mobile Augmented Reality Application to Evaluate the River Flooding Impact in Coimbra
## 3 State of the Art on Visualisation and Modelling of River Flooding
### Summary
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Authors** & **Year** & **Subject** & **Methodology** & **Result** \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [6] & 2018 & MAR application to see impact of flood in open environments & Vuforia with NTF + WeSenseT + Testing with Donscaster City Council (UK) & Visualisation of water height is good + use of app for real use cases has been judged plausible by limited number of experts \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON]. [15] & 2020 & Installation of a hybrid physical-numerical flood model in an AR environment & Use of a real sandbox + Kinect + Ibero Processing + Proposed result + installation mainly oriented to educational purposes \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] & 2019 & Interactive landscape design and flood visualisation in augmented reality & Fiducial tracking + Terrain visualisation, Flood visualisation and Terrain modification pipeline + Multi-user interaction & Interactive and collaborative 3D cartographic visualisations enable real-time multi-user exercises in landscape intervention design and flood visualisation \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] & 2019 & Mobile AR: user evaluation in a cultural heritage context & MAR application to view a Forum from the Roman Era superimposed over its current ruins & Vuforia is slightly better outdoor + participants found AR easy to use and feel more involved when using the MAR application in their visit \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [9] & 2018 & An architecture for mobile outdoor augmented reality for cultural heritage sites & Software architecture of a complete mobile tourist guide for cultural heritage sites & Outdoor MAR provides novel experiences to a wide audience + gamification engages visitors and allows for better interaction \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON]. [11] & 2017 & A state-of-the-art review of augmented reality in engineering analysis and simulation & A review on several solutions and methodologies for AR application in engineers in addition to virtual contents in the augmented scene + AR provides solutions for limitations found in VR \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [14] & 2016 & Estimating the vertical uncertainties of different DEMs’ effect on inundation simulations + examining the effect of different flood models on quantifying flood risk \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [16] & 2022 & Prediction of flood and inundations in a susceptible area in Nigeria based on historical flooding records from 1986 to 2020 & Creation of geospatial database containing variables and historical flood occurrences + Building ML + Validation + Produce a flood susceptibility map \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [7] & 2020 & Building a framework to simulate and visualise flooding in 3D using position-based fluids for real-time flood visualisation and analysis & Use of historical information + Extraction of GSM + Use of Lagrangian for flood modelling \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [12] & 2024 & Stakeholder analysis in the application of cutting-edge digital visualisation techniques for urban flood risk management: A critical review & Critical review of cutting-edge flood visualisation & Existing gap in research considering policy-makers, researchers and insurance providers + stakeholders involved mainly in simulation simulation and evacuation routing \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [17] & 2022 & Remote sensing methods for flood prediction: A review & Review of the adoption of remote sensing methods for predicting floods \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [13] & 2020 & An efficient flood dynamic visualization approach based on 3D printing and augmented reality & Flood AR visualization method based on a 3D-printed terrain model + Techniques such as adaptive processing of flood data, hybridisation of virtual flood and terrain models \\ \hline [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [18] & 2023 & Review of several recent published studies on ML and DL application for flood modelling & Explains several methodologies from the studies and compares it & Weight for providing a more intuitive and realistic visual experience + better result compared to traditional AR flood visualization method \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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