## 1 Introduction  
A lateral cephalometric radiograph is a diagnostic tool that serves as a Gold Standard in assessing soft and hard tissue before an orthognathic surgery, using a list of standard-specific structures. Orthodontic treatment planning also relies, among other factors, on cephalometric radiographs, as these have become one of the most critical tools in the diagnostic process [1,2]. Some of the structures seen in cephalometric radiographs are as follows [1, 2, 3]:  
A Point: The most concave point anteriorly on the maxillary alveolar ridge;  
B Point: The most concave point of the profile from the Gonion to the mandibular alveolar ridge (Figure 1);  
According to [PERSON]'s Classification of malocclusions, a Class-III occlusion is defined as a condition in which the mandibular first molar is positioned anterior to the maxillary molar without specifying the angle of the occlusal plane [4,5]. The classification of the initial occlusion did not reference the skeletal structure. Over the years, [PERSON]'s Classification was extended, for diagnostic purposes, to facial structure classification as well:  
Class-I: Orthognathic (straight) profile, demonstrating two normally and harmoniously developed jaws, where dentition is also set according to [PERSON]'s Class-I relations as specified above (Figure 3a). Figure 1: Cephalometric radiograph with the required landmarks. Figure 2: ANB angle in the cephalometric radiograph. Figure 3: (**a**) Patients with no Skeletal Deformity Class-I (Orthognathic):the spread of results obtained demonstrate a range under 29 degrees in U1 TO FH and 19 in L1 TO MP. Black—ANB angle (average value received in trial group 4.9) Red—U1 TO FH size 104 and L1 TO MP angle size 88 (the smallest value measured). Green—U1 TO FH size 120 and L1 TO MP angle size 96 (Average measurement). Orange—FH size 133 and L1 TO MP angle size 107 (the largest value measure. (**b**) Range of measurement results obtained from participants for patients with Class-III skeletal defect (Prognathism)—the spread of results received demonstrates a large range of 36 degrees in U1 TO FH and 66 degrees in L1 TO MP. Black—ANB angle (average value received in the trial group \(-\)2.8); Red—U1 TO FH size 102 and L1 TO MP angle size 62 (the smallest value measured); Green—U1 TO FH size 119 and L1 TO MP angle size 69 (Average measurement); Orange—FH size 139 and L1 TO MP angle size 108 (the largest value measured). The skeletal class I is considered if two of the following are the case:  
0.3 < ANB < 4.8;  
0 < Overjet < 5.0;  
\(-\)1.3 < Wits < 2.4. Angle Class I Molar/canine in one side, 170 < profile < 178;  
The N is = 53 [6]. Class-II: underdeveloped mandible relative to the maxilla. A prognathic (convex) profile;  
The skeletal class II is considered if 2 of the following are the case:  
ANB > or =4.8;  
Overjet > or =5.0;  
Wits > or =2.4. Angle Class II Molar/canine in one side, convex profile < or =170;  
The N is = 128 [6]. Class-III: Underdeveloped mandible relative to the maxilla and/or overdeveloped mandible relative to the maxilla, including asymmetries [7] [Figure 3b]:  
The skeletal class I is considered if 2 of the following are the case:  
ANB < or =0.3;  
Overjet < or =0;  
Wits < or =\(-\)1.3. Angle Class III Molar/canine in one side, concave profile > or =178;  
The N is = 88 [6]. In this paper, we chose to focus on Class-III Skeletal Deformities; therefore, we wish to specify that, in such cases, it is essential first to diagnose the nature of the defect, as well as the abnormal jaw: whether the mandible is overdeveloped or instead the maxilla is underdeveloped or both options are combined. Making such a diagnosis, in addition to the clinical examination, relies on cephalometric analysis. Various indices facilitate the assessment of mandibular or maxillary deviation from the norm relative to the base of the skull.