## 2 Energy Management and Review of Surveys
### Relevant Standards  
[PERSON] et al. [34] reviewed various developments in SMGs and addressed insights into communication standards and technologies, and challenges. They introduced an advanced wireless technology, called LoRa (Long Range), to establish a communication network for interoperable smart microgrids (ISMs). This reference details the standards and guidelines for SMGs communication: IEC 60870-6-503, IEC TR 62357-200, IEC 62325-503, IEC 62056-4-7, IEC 61851-24, IEC TR 61850-90-1, IEC 61850-8-2, IEC 61850-7-2:2010+AMD1, IEC 61850-7-1:2011+AMD1; IEEE 2030, IEEE 1815, IEEE 1702; ISO/CD 15118-2, ISO 15118-3, ISO/IEC 14908-2, ISO/IEC 14908-4; ITU-T G.9903, ITU-T G.9960; NIST Framework Release 4.0; TR-50 M2M, TR-51, TR-34; ANSI C12.21, ANSI C12.22; MultiSpeak: Versions 1.1, 5.0, 4.x, 3.0, 2.2.  
[PERSON] et al. [14] focused on the importance of electric vehicles (xEVs) in EM due to their highly positive impacts on describing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Then, the authors addressed many standards related to charging, including IEC 6185123 (2014), IEC 621961 (2014), IEC 621962 (2016), IEC 621963 (2014), IEC 619801 (2015), IEC 626601 (2010), IEC 626602 (2010), IEC 626602 (2010), IEC 6185124 (2014), SAE J 1772 (2016), SAE J 1773 (2014), SAE J 1715/2 (2013), SAE J 537 (2016), SAE J 1495 (2013), SAE J 1766 (2014), SAE J 1797 (2008), SAE J 1798 (2008), SAE J 2288 (2008), SAE J 2289 (2008), SAE J 2380 (2013), SAE J 2464 (2009), SAE J 2758 (2007), SAE J 2929 (2013), SAE J 2936 (2012), SAE J 2950 (2012), SAE J 2974 (2015), SAE J 2983 (2012), SAE J 2984 (2013), SAE J 2344 (2010), SAE J 2910 (2014), SAE J 2990 (2012), SAE J 2894/1 (2011), SAE J 2894/2 (2015), SAE J 2293/1 (2014), SAE J 1634 (2012), SAE J 2293/2 (2014), SAE J 2711 (2002), SAE J 2841 (2010), SAE J 2889/1 (2015), UL 2202 (2009), UL 22311 (2012), UL 22312 (2012), UL 2089 (2015), UL 2271 (2013), UL 2250 (2013), UL 2734 (2015), UL 2871 (2014), UL 9741 (2014), UL 2594 (2013), UL 2747 (2012), BS EN 618511 (2011), BS EN 6185121 (2002), BS EN 6185122 (2002), BS EN 621961 (2014), BS DD CLC/TS 504571 (2008), BS DD CLC/TS 504572 (2008), COC GB/T 18487.1 (2015), COC GB/T 18487.2 (2001), COC GB/T 18487.3 (2001), COC GB/T 20234.2 (2015), COC GB/T 20234.3 (2015), COC GB/T QC/T 895 (2011), COC GB/T QC/T 841 (2010), JIS D 0007 (2012), JIS D 1304 (2004), JIS D 6185123 (2014), JIS D 6185124 (2014), JIS D 621963 (2014), ISO 8714 (2002), ISO 8715 (2001), ISO TR 11954 (2008), ISO 11955 (2008), ISO 232741 (2013), ISO 232742 (2012), ISO 23828 (2013), ISO 64691 (2009), ISO 64692 (2009), ISO 64693 (2011), ISO 64694 (2015), ISO 23273 (2013), ISO 17409 (2015), ISO 151181 (2013), ISO 151182 (2014), ISO 151183 (2015), ISO 124051 (2011), ISO 124052 (2012), ISO 124053 (2014), and ISO PAS 16898 (2012).  
[PERSON] et al. [12] addressed the standards of MGs and EVs as: ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2, ISO 15118-3, ISO 15118-4, ISO 15118-8, IEC 62898-2, IEC 62898-2, IEC 62898-3-1, IEC 62898-3-2, IEC 62898-3, IEC 62898-3-3, IEC 62257-9-2, IEC 61850-7-420, IEC 61968, IEC 61851-1, IEC 61851-23, IEC 61851-24, IEEE 1547.1, IEEE 1547.1, IEEE 1547.1, IEEE 1547.2, IEEE 1547.2, IEEE 1547.3, IEEE 1547.4, IEEE 1547.7, IEEE 1547.8, IEEE 2030, IEEE 2030.1, IEEE 2030.2, IEEE 2030.5, IEEE 2030.6, IEEE 2030.7, IEEE 2030.8, IEEE 2030.9, IEEE 1646, and IEEE 2413.