# TACRP: Traffic-Aware Clustering-Based Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
## 5 Performance Evaluation
### Network Performance Based on Dynamic Speed of Vehicles  
The following parameters for speed of vehicles were concentrated on in the parameter analysis: average CH efficiency, average CM efficiency and average cluster numbers. The average CH efficiency was defined as the subtraction of the consumed energy of the CH to the initial energy of the CH. Similarly, average CM efficiency was the subtraction of the consumed energy to the initial energy of the CH. Both calculations were mathematically performed using Equation (13). The parameters were calculated with a static number of vehicles, with a vehicle count of 200 vehicles with various speeds of vehicles from 0 to 90 Km/h and a transmission range of 200 m. Figure 10 shows the calculation of the average CH efficiency of the proposed TACRP protocol and is compared with the earlier protocols, such as ECHS and NRHCS. The results showed that the increase in speed gradually reduced the efficiency of the CH when it was applied to the VANETs with huge mobility. Table 5 shows the values of the cluster head energy efficiency calculation of the proposed TACRP protocol, and the ECHS and NRHCS protocols. Figure 10: Average CH Efficiency Calculation. Figure 11 shows the calculation of the average CM efficiency of the proposed TACRP protocol and is compared with the earlier protocols, such as ECHS and NRHCS. The results showed that the increase in speed gradually reduced the efficiency of the CM when it was applied to the VANETs with huge mobility. Table 5 shows the values of the cluster member energy efficiency calculation of the proposed TACRP protocol, and the ECHS, and NRHCS protocol. In Figure 12 the calculation of the average cluster number of the proposed TACRP protocol and other comparison protocols are given with speed varying between 0 to 90 Km/h and a transmission range of 200 m. Here, the performance of the proposed TACRP protocol is compared with the earlier protocols such as the ECHS and NRHCS protocols. In Table 4, the values of the average number of clusters created for 200 vehicles with a speed of 0 to 90 Km/h are given. In comparison to the ECHS and NRHCS protocols the proposed TACRP protocol created a lower number of clusters, which meant that each cluster could cover more CM and area. This could reduce the energy consumption of the network, reflected in efficiency enhancement. Figure 11: Average CM Efficiency Calculation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline
**Speed** & **ECHS** & **NRHCS** & **TACRP** & **ECHS** & **NRHCS** & **TACRP** & **ECHS** & **NRHCS** & **TACRP** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{Average CH Efficiency} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Average CM Efficiency} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Average Cluster Numbers} \\
0 & 137 & 152 & 243 & 106 & 127 & 196 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
10 & 125 & 139 & 209 & 98 & 116 & 175 & 5 & 3 & 1 \\
20 & 118 & 124 & 186 & 91 & 109 & 149 & 9 & 4 & 1 \\
30 & 91 & 108 & 157 & 85 & 92 & 128 & 9 & 7 & 3 \\
40 & 85 & 89 & 128 & 69 & 75 & 109 & 11 & 8 & 5 \\
50 & 62 & 71 & 109 & 49 & 53 & 86 & 12 & 10 & 6 \\
60 & 59 & 65 & 81 & 31 & 39 & 71 & 14 & 11 & 7 \\
70 & 45 & 51 & 69 & 19 & 31 & 58 & 17 & 13 & 7 \\
80 & 19 & 25 & 39 & 11 & 21 & 42 & 19 & 13 & 9 \\
90 & 15 & 19 & 35 & 9 & 15 & 39 & 21 & 15 & 9 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Overall Performance Value Analysis, according to the speed of the vehicles. Results Discussion Based on a Number of Vehicles  
The parameters which were concentrated on, based on speed, were the average energy of the CH, the average energy of the CM and the average cluster numbers of the network. These parameters were calculated using the proposed TACRP protocol and it was compared with the earlier works, such as ECHS and NRHCS protocol. The major drawback in the earlier works were low throughput and packet delivery ratios with more consumed energy. Hence, the VANETs with more mobility during the process of transmission experienced more energy consumption.