# _Penicillin_ spp. XK10, Fungi with Potential to Repair Cadmium and Antimony Pollution
## 1 Introduction  
With the intensification of industrialization, soil heavy-metal pollution has become a global environmental issue [1, 2]. At present, the research into soil heavy-metal pollution mainly focuses on mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn) and other heavy metals, while the research on antimony (Sb) is relatively less [3]. The residual heavy metals in the soil not only reduce soil fertility, but also pose a great threat to human health through the food chain [4]. It is a very urgent task to develop heavy metal pollution-control technology [5]. Compared with physical remediation and chemical remediation, bioremediation has the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness, and has become a promising heavy metal remediation method [6]. Microorganisms play an important role in bioremediation. They can not only control heavy metal pollution alone, but also enhance the remediation effect of plants on heavy metal pollution [7, 8, 9]. Currently, most of the research is aimed at the single adsorption of heavy metals by microorganisms, while there are few studies on the simultaneous adsorption of multiple heavy metals by microorganisms [10]. In the actual heavy metal pollution cases, the phenomenon of multiple heavy metals causing complex pollution is more common, so we should pay attention to the adsorption capacity of microorganisms for multiple heavy metals. Fungi have the advantages of easy formation of mycelial spheres, large contact area, high biological adsorption capacity, rapid growth and good solid-liquid separation, which make them an ideal adsorption material [11, 12, 13]. In the field of fungal bioremediation, mycorrhizal fungi and yeasts are the hot spots of interest. Among the mycorrhizal fungi, _Penicillium_ sp., _Aspergillus_ sp., _Mucor_ sp. and _Rhizopus_ sp. have been studied more, and among the yeasts, _Saccharomyces_ spp. have been studied more [14, 15]. Numerous studieshave shown that _Penicillium_ spp. was a potential adsorbent material. [PERSON] et al. found that _P. chrysogenum_ was a material for remediation of Cd-contaminated soil [16]. [PERSON] et al. found that _P. oxalicum_ and _A. niger_ were two potential microbes to remediate Pb contamination [17]. [PERSON] et al. found that _P. chrysogenum_ strain F1 could remove heavy metals in contaminated soil [18]. [PERSON] et al. found that _P. chrysogenum_ could grow in stressed environments and exhibits high resistance to and accumulation of heavy metals [19]. Heavy metal sorption by fungi is also influenced by various environmental factors (e.g., pH, heavy metal concentration and biomass) [20; 21; 22; 23]. Therefore, a large number of studies have been conducted to screen for resistant fungi and to study their sorption characteristics on heavy metals under different environmental conditions. The antimony mine in Lengshuijiang City (Hunan, China) is world-renowned for its abundant Sb reserves, and is known as the \"World Sb Capital\" [24]. Industrial mining has led to excessive Sb and Cd content in local soil and groundwater. Sb is not only carcinogenic to humans, but also has a long latency period, which can cause diseases such as lung inflammation and chronic bronchitis [25; 26]. At the same time, Cd is one of the common toxic heavy metals, which is easy to migrate and be absorbed by plants. Cd can be transferred from the soil to plants and eventually accumulate in humans through the food chain [27]. In addition, high concentrations of Cd may cause many diseases, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases and other respiratory problems [28; 29]. In general, due to the poor mobility, the long residence time and the inability to be degraded by microorganisms in soil, the heavy metal pollutants can eventually affect human health through media such as water and plants. In the mining area, the microbial resources are abundant, and some microorganisms have been resistant to heavy metals for a long time in the polluted environment.