## 3 Research Design and Methodology, and Model Integration
### Research Design Description  
The research design depicted in Figure 6 is centered on leveraging the B-SER-M model within the framework of the AHP to meticulously evaluate the factors impacting the production of 5G ceramic antennas, particularly focusing on aspects improved by blockchain integration. The depicted workflow commences with the crucial step of defining the research goal, which, in this case, is the enhancement of stability, efficiency, and reliability in 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing. Figure 6: Research flow chart for enhancing 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing. Following the establishment of this overarching aim, the process advances to the identification of relevant criteria and sub-criteria, rooted in the SER-M model's principles. These criteria, which include pivotal factors such as 'Subject', 'Environment', and 'Resources', are integral to the AHP methodology. Sub-criteria offer a deeper dive into each main criterion, adding layers of detail necessary for a comprehensive analysis. Subsequent to this, an AHP questionnaire is carefully crafted to capture expert assessments regarding the importance of each criterion and sub-criterion. This study's questionnaire, informed by the B-SER-M model, likely integrates additional considerations pertinent to blockchain technology. The subsequent stage involves gathering expert weights for the identified criteria, a critical process where experts assign numerical values reflecting the significance of each criterion and sub-criterion. This quantitative step is instrumental in transforming subjective expert opinions into measurable data suitable for further analytical evaluation. Pairwise comparisons are then systematically carried out, constituting the AHP's core. Each criterion is juxtaposed against others in a pairwise manner to determine relative importance, thereby streamlining the complex decision-making into a series of straightforward evaluations. The results from these pairwise comparisons feed into the calculation of priority vectors and the maximum eigenvalue. The priority vector is essential for establishing a rank order of criteria based on their prioritization, while the maximum eigenvalue plays a role in measuring the consistency of the experts' comparisons. Consistency inspection follows, utilizing the Consistency Ratio. A _CR_ of less than 0.1 is typically acceptable, indicating that the judgments are consistent enough to be reliable. If the _CR_ is not acceptable, the previous steps may be revisited to check for inconsistencies. Once a consistent set of data is established, the study proceeds to calculate the global weights of each criterion and sub-criterion. This combines the local priorities derived from pairwise comparisons into a global perspective, considering the entire hierarchy of criteria. The final step before drawing conclusions is the derivation of the final weight and ranking. This consolidates all the preceding analysis into a definitive ranking of criteria and sub-criteria, which in turn informs decision-making. The process culminates in result interpretation, where the findings are analyzed and discussed in the context of the research goal. This step translates the numerical results into actionable intelligence, which can guide the optimization of the 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing process. Figure 7 showcases the structured AHP used in this study, which is instrumental in dissecting the B-SER-M model into its fundamental components: 'Subject', 'Environment', and 'Resource'. This AHP framework is meticulously designed to evaluate the influence of blockchain technology and smart contracts on the efficiency, stability, and reliability of 5G ceramic antenna manufacturing. Within the B-SER-M model, the 'Subject' encompasses key players involved in the production process.