# The IoT/IoE Integrated Security & Safety System of Pompeii Archeological Park
## 18 Results  
The following section presents the values of the main operational parameters of the integrated system, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of its performance. This evaluation was conducted by referring to industry standards, guidelines, and benchmarking practices commonly adopted in the security and surveillance technology sector [27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45]. Given the unique nature of the site and the limited availability of the scientific literature addressing comparable integrated systems implemented in cultural heritage environments such as this, it is unfortunately not possible to directly compare the recorded values with those from identical or equivalent systems. Nevertheless, the metrics obtained are in line with, and in several instances even superior to, those observed in partially comparable systems employed in different contexts, as will be further illustrated below [46; 47; 48; 49; 50; 51; 52; 53; 54; 55; 56; 57; 58; 59; 60; 61; 62; 63; 64; 65; 66; 67; 68; 69; 70; 71; 72; 73; 74; 75; 76; 77]. To provide structure to the performance analysis, the evaluation criteria have been grouped into two main categories. The first category includes parameters related to the following:  
* Performance benchmarks. * System latency. * Reliability metrics. With regard to performance benchmarks, the following parameters were considered:
* Event processing capacity (e.g., number of analyzed video events and managed alarms per second). * Average response time to an event (MTTR): time from event occurrence to notification/intervention. * Maximum supported load (e.g., number of concurrent accesses and video streams). * Accuracy of intelligent analysis (e.g., percentage of correct recognitions). In terms of system latency, the following metrics were evaluated:
* Input latency: time between sensor activation and data recording. * Processing latency: time required to analyze and process an event (e.g., video analysis). * Notification latency: time from detection to operator notification. * End-to-end latency: total time between event occurrence and system reaction (alarm, block, log). * Jitter: variation in latency over time. Regarding reliability metrics, the following were considered:
* MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures): average time between failures. * MTTR (Mean Time To Repair): average time to restore system operation. * Availability = MTBF/(MTBF + MTTR). * Component error rate: e.g., percentage of video losses, failed access attempts. The second group of evaluation parameters focuses on system accuracy and detection quality, and it includes the following:  
* Accuracy: percentage of correctly classified events. Defined as (TP + TN)/(TP + TN + FP + FN), it provides a global measure of system effectiveness. * Precision: indicates how reliable the generated alerts are. Defined as TP/(TP + FP), it reflects the system's ability to minimize false alarms. * Recall (Sensitivity): measures the ability to detect real threats. Defined as TP/(TP + FN), it reflects the system's capacity to capture critical events. * F1-score: harmonic mean of precision and recall. Defined as 2 \(\times\) (Precision \(\times\) Recall)/(Precision + Recall), especially useful when events are imbalanced between normal and anomalous. * False Positive Rate (FPR): percentage of false alarms over non-threatening events. Defined as FP/(FP + TN), measuring how much the system triggers unnecessary alerts. * False Negative Rate (FNR): percentage of undetected critical events. Defined as FN/(FN + TP), indicating the risk of the system missing actual threats. * Availability: percentage of time the system is operational. Defined as MTBF/(MTBF + MTTR), reflecting overall system reliability. Where
* TP = True Positive (correct detection of a real event). * TN = True Negative (correct rejection of a non-event). * FP = False Positive (incorrectly signaled event). * FN = False Negative (missed real event).