# Designing a Generalist Education AI Framework for Multimodal Learning and Ethical Data Governance
## 3 Materials and Methods
### GEAI Model
#### 3.1.2. HSM and Key Management for MM Devices  
To safeguard the secure storage and transmission of multimodal educational data, MM Devices employ a dual-layer cryptographic system comprising symmetric encryption keys (e.g., AES-256) and asymmetric key pairs. These keys are managed under a rigorous lifecycle framework encompassing generation, storage, rotation, and revocation, with oversight extending to personnel and equipment. Central to this architecture are Hardware Security Modules (HSMs), certified to FIPS 140-2 Level 3 standards, which offer tamper-resistant protection against both physical and digital intrusion [38]. Integrated directly into MM Devices, these HSMs enable secure key generation, real-time storage, and automated key erasure in response to anomaly-based intrusion detection [34]. During initial provisioning or maintenance, cryptographic keys and device certificates are injected into ISO 27001-certified secure environments provided by MM Device manufacturers, ensuring compliance with data protection regulations such as GDPR and FERPA [22]. For post-deployment management, a remote key injection mechanism is proposed, utilizing \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Layer** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Security** \\ **Mechanism** \\ \end{tabular} & **Description** & **Threats Mitigated** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Physical} & \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Proposed \\ Tamper-Resistant \\ Hardware \\ \end{tabular} } & Hardware modules, including & & \\  & & HSMs adapted from POS & & \\  & & systems, designed to prevent & Hardware tampering, & [PERSON] et al. [33]; \\  & & unauthorized physical access & physical intrusion & PCI SSC [32] \\  & & and aligned with PCI P2 PE & & \\  & & standards. & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Physical} & \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Proposed Secure \\ Enclosures \\ \end{tabular} } & \begin{tabular}{c} Tamper-proof housing to \\ safeguard device internals \\ against physical manipulation \\ or unauthorized handling. \\ \end{tabular} & Unauthorized & [PERSON] et al. [33] \\  & & Secure key storage and & & \\  & & encryption using HSMs, & & \\  & & implementing zero-trust & & \\  & Architecture & principles for educational data & & \\  & privacy. & & PCI SSC [32] \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Software} & \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Proposed \\ Anomaly-Based \\ Intrusion Detection \\ \end{tabular} } & \begin{tabular}{c} Local mechanisms for detecting \\ anomalous behavior, with \\ predefined countermeasures \\ against cyberattacks \\ \end{tabular} & Malware injection, & [PERSON] et al. [34] \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Software} & \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Proposed Secure \\ Execution \\ Environments \\ \end{tabular} } & \begin{tabular}{c} Sandboxed AI-enabled \\ applications with version \\ control and audit approval \\ processes. \\ \end{tabular} & Malicious code & \\  & & & execution, application & \\  & & & vulnerability & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Software} & \begin{tabular}{c} Proposed End-to-End \\ Encrypted \\ Transmission \\ \end{tabular} & Encrypted communication with & Man-in-the-middle & \\  & & institutional GEAI platforms & attacks, data & \\  & & using HSM-secured channels. & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Data \\ Management \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{4}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Proposed \\ Blockchain-Based \\ Logging \\ \end{tabular} } &
\begin{tabular}{c} Immutable operational logs \\ recorded via a lightweight \\ private blockchain (e.g., PoA), \\ with periodic synchronization \\ to the central GEAI ledger. \\ \end{tabular} & Data tampering, audit & [PERSON] et al. [35]; \\  & & & loss, unauthorized & [PERSON] et al. [36] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Proposed Layered Security Strategies of MM Devices. secure communication protocols (e.g., TLS 1.3) and end-to-end encryption for authenticated updates via registered GEAI platforms.