## 4 Conclusions  
Based on the modeling, experimental tests, and microstructural analysis, the following conclusions were drawn regarding the influence of the polyfractional binder composition on SCC properties:  
1. The optimized three-component binder composition (15% F1, 75% F2, 10% F3) achieved the highest particle packing density (0.593) and improved compressive strength by up to 26% and bending strength by 10% when compared to the reference mix.
2. X-ray diffraction revealed that the presence of coarser particles (1500 cm\({}^{2}\)/g) slows hydration due to encapsulation, forming a clinker stock. This unhydrated reserve, combined with fine reactive fractions, reduces portlandite content by 18.8% and promotes long-term strength through continuous pozzolanic activity and denser C-S-H formation.
3. Three-component compositions showed superior chemical resistance in environments containing NaCl, HCl, and Na\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\), achieving resistance levels that were 25-38% higher than the reference mix. This improvement was due to a denser matrix and reduced free Ca(OH)\({}_{2}\), which helps limit ion ingress and leaching.
4. Resistance to cyclic freezing improved from F200 (reference) to F600 (Type 6). The clinker reserve contributed to microstructure recovery during freeze-thaw cycles. The improved freeze-thaw performance demonstrates the material's suitability for infrastructure exposed to severe climatic conditions.
5. Water absorption decreased by 8.7% and permeability fell by as much as 94% compared to the reference, indicating significantly lower porosity and capillary continuity. This reduction in water transport properties directly contributes to enhanced resistance against chemical attack and long-term durability.
6. The Type 6 composition provides a well-rounded enhancement in mechanical performance, durability, and production feasibility. Its application is particularly promising for precast elements and monolithic structures in chemically aggressive or variable environments. These findings highlight the potential of polyfractional binder optimization as a practical and effective strategy for enhancing the performance and durability of SCC. The proposed approach can be implemented in the development of high-performance concretes for aggressive environmental conditions, ensuring long-term structural reliability.  
Conceptualization, D.A.A. and R.E.L.; methodology, and R.E.L.; software, D.S.D.; validation, T.M., D.A.A. and A.K.T.; formal analysis, D.A.A.; investigation, T.M. and R.E.L.; resources, E.I.K. and Z.O.Z.; data curation, T.M.; writing--original draft preparation, R.E.L. and D.A.A.; writing--review and editing, D.A.A. and A.K.T.; visualization, D.S.D.; supervision, M.M.B.; project administration, Z.O.Z. and M.M.B.; funding acquisition, E.I.K. and Z.O.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research is funded by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. BR21882292--\"Integrated development of sustainable construction industries: innovative technologies, optimization of production, effective use of resources and creation of technological park\").  
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
The authors are grateful to the leadershipships of the Satbayev University and the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan for creating the conditions for carrying out this work.