## 3 Results and Discussion
### Physicochemical Parameter Values for Acacia Honeys
In order to illustrate the correlations between carbohydrates and to determine which samples are outliers, a graphical representation was made for all carbohydrates, called a matrix plot (Figure 3). Due to the vast database, high sample and analysis number, it is fit to use a Pearson correlation matrix in order to identify the correlation indices. These indices have a value ranging between (-1 to 1). Tables 4-6 show positive values, which means that there is a positive association of parameters, while negative values show an inverse dependence of the two parameters. The values colored in blue are significant for the 0.01 level, while the ones in yellow are significant of the 0.05 level. For Zone 1, the best correlation was established between ash content and color. Also, positive correlations were found between different sugars, 0.72 for turnanose-maltose and 0.79 for saccharose-erclose. The most significant negative correlation found for Zone 1 was between water activity-color (-0.841). For Zone 2, significant positive correlations were found between sugars, 0.93 for turnanose-maltose and 0.90 for sucrose-erclose. The most significant negative correlation was identified between the color parameters L*-a* (-0.94). For Zone 3, the best correlation was established between water content and water activity, 0.92. The negative correlation found for Zone 3 was between color parameters (-0.80). Figure 3: Graphic representation matrix plot of sugars. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameters** & **Water Content** & **Fructose** & **Glucose** & **Sucrose** & **Turanose** & **Malulose** & **Isomalose** & **Eriose** & **Water Activity** & **Color L\({}^{*}\)** & **Color a\({}^{*}\)** & **Color b\({}^{*}\)** \\ \hline
**Water content** & 1.000 & & & & & & & & & \\
**Fructose** & \(-\)0.133 & 1.000 & & & & & & & & \\
**Glucose** & 0.071 & \(-\)0.478 & 1.000 & & & & & & & \\
**Sucrose** & 0.277 & 0.136 & \(-\)0.539 & 1.000 & & & & & & \\
**Turanose** & \(-\)0.034 & 0.425 & \(-\)0.371 & \(-\)0.078 & 1.000 & & & & & \\
**Malose** & \(-\)0.209 & 0.419 & \(-\)0.190 & \(-\)0.045 & 1.203 & 1.000 & & & & \\
**Isomalose** & 0.098 & 0.325 & 0.294 & \(-\)0.527 & 0.333 & 0.110 & 1.000 & & & \\
**Eriose** & 0.167 & 0.374 & \(-\)0.192 & 0.200 & 0.290 & 0.281 & \(-\)0.0441 & 1.000 & & & \\
**Water activity** & 0.381 & \(-\)0.321 & 0.640 & \(-\)0.359 & \(-\)0.120 & \(-\)0.139 & 0.471 & \(-\)0.393 & 1.000 & & \\
**Color L\({}^{*}\)** & \(-\)0.099 & 0.738 & \(-\)0.518 & 0.161 & 0.270 & 0.208 & \(-\)0.185 & 0.369 & \(-\)0.447 & 1.000 & \\
**Color a\({}^{*}\)** & 0.167 & \(-\)0.162 & \(-\)0.248 & \(-\)0.262 & \(-\)0.385 & \(-\)0.511 & 0.292 & \(-\)0.527 & 0.549 & 1.811 & 1.000 \\
**Color b\({}^{*}\)** & 0.027 & \(-\)0.411 & 0.835 & \(-\)0.021 & \(-\)0.379 & \(-\)0.330 & 0.020 & \(-\)0.266 & 0.288 & 0.518 & 0.728 & 1.000 \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{11}{c}{\({}^{1}\)-degree of brightness (luminosity) a, b, c- color tonality; Blue: significant for the 0.01 level; Yellow: significant of the 0.05 level.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Pearson correlation matrix of physico-chemical parameters for Zone 1.