## 4 Modeling a Solar-Hydrogen System in the University  
### Designing Energy Management System Model  
In order to provide effective and sustainable energy generation, storage, and distribution, a microgrid with EMS (energy management system) Optimization for solar-hydrogen utilizing Simulink Matlab requires the integration and synchronization of numerous components (Figure 2). The utility point-of-connection, which acts as the bidirectional energy exchange link between the microgrid and the external power grid, is its fundamental component. The dynamic energy demands inside the microgrid are represented by the variable load component, which varies over time. This allows it to simulate real-world scenarios such as varying loads from different sources or peak demand periods. The appliances and electronics that consume electricity inside the microgrid and add to the total amount of energy consumed are represented by the load component. The hybrid hydrogen system includes storage tanks and electrolyzers for producing hydrogen. This allows excess renewable energy--especially from solar arrays--to be electrolyzed into hydrogen. In a similar vein, the Solar Array component stands for the photovoltaic panels that capture solar radiation and transform it into electrical energy that can either directly power the load, charge the Energy Storage System (ESS), or help produce hydrogen. Lastly, the energy storage system, which is usually made up of batteries, stores extra energy produced by renewable sources for use at times when demand is at its highest or production is at its lowest. One of the most important components of the microgrid design is the EMS Optimization algorithm, which constantly analyzes and optimizes the performance of these components based on variables including energy demand, availability of renewable energy, and grid conditions. Engineers may improve control techniques, maximize energy usage, and guarantee the dependable and effective functioning of the microgrid with EMS Optimization for solar-hydrogen through simulation and analysis in Simulink Matlab. This helps to create a more resilient and sustainable energy infrastructure. Several interconnected components are used in the design of a Simulink Matlab hybrid solar-hydrogen system to enable effective energy conversion, storage, and consumption (Figure 3). Its central component is the solar array, which uses photovoltaic technology to capture sunlight and transform it into electrical energy. This electricity can be stored in the Energy Storage Unit, used immediately to power loads, or directed toward the Electrolysis Unit to produce hydrogen. Using electrical energy, the Electrolysis Unit separates water into hydrogen and oxygen, storing the hydrogen for later use. When demand outpaces supply, energy storage serves as a buffer, storing extra energy from hydrogen synthesis and solar generation. The system's smooth and stable operation is guaranteed by the Gate Driver and Voltage Regulator, which regulate the energy transfer between parts and keep voltage levels within ideal bounds. The solar array, energy storage, and electrolysis unit's  
Figure 1: Kangwon National University Samcheok Campus. DC electricity is converted by the inverter into AC electricity that can be connected to a load or the grid. Real-time measurement of system parameters, including voltage, current, and power output, is made possible by the monitoring and feedback mechanisms provided by the measurement grid and measurement inverter components. Engineers can simulate different operating situations, model the interactions between these components, and improve system performance for optimal efficiency and reliability using Simulink Matlab R2022b. Utilizing both renewable and hydrogen technologies to meet energy demands while lowering carbon emissions and fostering energy independence, the hybrid solar-hydrogen system design offers a flexible and sustainable solution to energy generation and storage.