## 1 Introduction  
Colorectal cancer has generally been treated by surgical and therapeutic procedures performed by removing the tumor lesion or administering drugs to attack cancer cells. Therapeutic procedures such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy techniques (e.g., the combination of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) that target the Oct4-Sox2 complex with radiotherapy) have been investigated as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment [1; 2], but could be significantly aggressive, causing side effects that affect the patient's quality of life. According to [PERSON] et al. [3], for 60 to 70% of colon cancer patients presenting with a localized disease, surgery can be curative; however, 40 or 50% of them can relapse and die from metastatic disease. For this reason, there exists treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy, which aims to destroy micrometastatic disease to improve local control and progression-free survival. This is especially critical for the patient, since for every four weeks that this treatment is delayed, survival decreases by 14% [3; 4]. The main drugs prescribed in this type of treatment are 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), whose target molecule is the protein thymidylate synthase (TS), which is necessary for DNA synthesis in the S phase of the cell cycle, and is inhibited by binding to this drug. However, combinations with leucovorin, irinotecan, or oxaliplatin with 5-FU and folinic acid have shown an increase in both response rates and progression-free period in stage IIIA and IIIB patients [4; 5], and as a result, 5-fluorouracil is rarely used as a single agent [6]. Irinotecan (IRT), on the other hand, is a cytotoxic drug with antiproliferative properties on several types of malignant tumors. Its target molecule is topoisomerase I (Topo1), since it triggers cell death by trapping the enzyme in DNA, generating DNA breaks linked to cytotoxic proteins [7]. Quoting [8]: \"In patients with advanced colorectal cancer, irinotecan is used as first-line therapy in combination with fluoropyrimidines or as a single agent or in combination with cetuximab after failure of a 5 FU/oxaliplatin regimen\". Finally, Capecitabine, which is an orally administered prodrug of 5-FU, is approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer and metastatic colorectal cancer. The recommended dose is given in two divided doses with food for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest period [6]. Some chemotherapy drugs can damage cells in the heart, kidneys, bladder, and lungs, while others cause long-term side effects such as heart disease, nerve damage, and fertility problems [9]. To reduce the adverse effects of conventional treatments, the scientific community has focused on targeted therapy, seeking to provide the drug with greater specificity by directing the particles (liposomes) towards cancer cells, a procedure known as vectorization. Targeted therapy is characterized by providing the drug with greater specificity through a possible targeting of the particles towards cancer cells through the vectorization of liposomes with different coatings [10; 11; 12; 13]. Some of the most promising targeted therapy drugs include: antibodies against epidermal growth receptor (EGFR); vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGF), such as Bevacizumab [5], Cetuximab [14] and Panitumumab, approved by FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for the management of metastatic colorectal carcinoma in EGFR-expressing patients who progress after fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin chemotherapy regimens [3].