###### Abstract
[23], in India during the period 1901-2022 by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [24], in the upstream Zambian Zambezi River Basin by [PERSON] et al. [25], and in Yellow River Basin in China during the period 1960-2006 by [PERSON] et al. [26]. All of these studies showed a trend towards a decrease in the amount of precipitation on a seasonal and annual scale. However, the investigation of the geographical and temporal variability and trend analysis by [PERSON] et al. [27] revealed a systematic and substantial increasing trend in summer precipitation in northern Italy during the period 1922-1995. Applying the historical data from 1951 to 2001, the Zoi Ecological Network discovered that a slight increase in precipitation also occurred in the mountains of Uzbekistan, northern Kyrgyzstan, and central Tajikistan (western Pamir and Turkestan-Alai). In the southern and eastern parts of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (particularly in the eastern Pamirs), and the central Tien Shan of Kyrgyzstan, a decrease in precipitation was observed [28]. Similarly to this, investigations by [PERSON] et al. [29] demonstrated an increase in precipitation in Central Asia's dry region from 1930 to 2009. To study the amount of precipitation in the Syr Darya Basin of Central Asia, [PERSON] et al. used data from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute for the period from 1891 to 2011. The annual precipitation results revealed a significant upward trend (4.44 mm per decade) [30]. Earlier research revealed that the pattern of precipitation varied depending on the time of year [31]. The nature of seasonal temperature fluctuations can be used to explain how the seasonal snow cover affects the soil's thermal regime. Compared to other natural materials, snow acts as an insulator and makes a major contribution to protecting the Earth from heat loss in winter [32]. The volume and frequency of snowfall determine Central Asia's primary source of freshwater [33; 34]. In Central Asia, water balance has changed as a result of climate change and human activity, which has led to severe water shortages, retreating glaciers, desertification, and the shrinking of the Aral Sea [35; 36]. Given this phenomenon, it is crucial to conduct a thorough examination of the processes that affect the duration of snow cover and the commencement of snow-covered areas. The analysis of Central Asia's snow cover characteristics from 2000 to 2011 by [PERSON] et al. [37; 38] covered both periods. There has been a continued trend toward earlier snowmelt in the mountains of Central Asia according to the results of the long-term alterations [37; 38]. Tajikistan is one of the countries in Central Asia that is vulnerable and sensitive to climate change and has poor adaptive capacity to climate change. The country's Fourth National Communication reports that Tajik society is exceptionally vulnerable to the threats caused by climate change [39]. A review of the aforementioned literature indicates that current research will focus on changes in climate variables in the regions of the three climate stations. Unfortunately, the networks of climate stations are frequently sparse and situated in open areas due to logistical, financial, or other factors, which prevents a trustworthy evaluation of how local conditions affect the climate [40]. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted on trend analysis combining snow cover, precipitation, and temperature based on the ground measurement and MODIS datasets at various elevations in the Varzob River Basin. The objectives of the current paper are to analyze the interannual changes and annual variability in temperature, precipitation, and snow cover in upstream, midstream, and downstream areas of the Varzob River Basin.