## 5 Discussion and Conclusions
### Application Scenarios  
There are several important application scenarios to which the proposed frameworks presented in the previous section could be applied. Among them, in this section, we discuss two major and popular scenarios for UAVs. The first one we consider is about vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Since the UAVs are deployed out in public, there might not be a data center they can communicate with that is close. However by implementing a blockchain to the UAV, as performed in blockchain EC, the data gathered on the UAV can be shared among other UAVs in the vicinity. The authors in [32] discuss some important security concerns for this situation and also illustrate some potential solutions for this problem. The blockchain EC framework can also work as a solution for some of the problems they discuss. The authors in [9] introduce some concerns regarding energy consumption and security issues for UAVs. Some UAVs are put into public to gather sensitive data which should not fall into the wrong hands. Eavesdropping is a serious concern that cannot easily be avoided unless there is a system that strengthens the security on the UAVs. Both EC-enabled blockchain and blockchain EC focus on making the data gathered more \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Avg Usage (Watt)** & **D = 4** & **D = 5** & **D = 6** \\ \hline Baseline & 6.45 W & 12.9 W & 20.6 W \\ (single miner) & 5.56 W (16\%) & 9.79 W (31\%) & 17.4 W (18\%) \\ (K = 2) & 5.17 W (24\%) & 8.68 W (48\%) & 18.9 W (9\%) \\ Blockchained EC & 8.27 W (\(-\)22\%) & 8.02 W (60\%) & 13.2 W (56\%) \\ (K = 4) & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Average watt usage by K = 1, 2, 3, 4, with less usage than the baseline presented in percentage. secure, while the latter additionally focuses on reducing energy consumption, which can work as a solution for the problem raised in [9]. UAVs can be used for many different and meaningful applications, one of them being transportation. The authors in [33] introduce how UAVs can be used for transportation in smart cities. On the positive side, a UAV can be used as an accident agent that reports any accidents happening in the area it is surveilling. The UAV can also be used as a roadside unit or an additional police eye. In this scenario, the UAV could communicate with cars on the road to alert them about dangers ahead. It could also communicate with the local police to let them know if there is any suspicious activity going on or if any car is speeding. However, in these scenarios, the data it gathers should be kept private. This is where blockchained EC can come in and be integrated to make the data secure and safe from malicious attack, while at the same time, it tries to keep the computational aspect as low as possible with competing miners. Artificial intelligence is an important technology that can be applied to almost any other technology. In UAV networks, artificial intelligence, or better yet, deep learning, can be applied to different UAV operations. The authors in [34] conducted research on implementing deep learning to UAVs to counter the way some other people use UAVs maliciously. UAVs can be combined with object detection to easily detect different things. On the good side, these would be suspicious activities, while on the bad side, this could be used to find hideouts of people running from war. In their paper [34], the authors propose a way to counter the malicious activities by using deep learning. While doing so, the data that they will collect could be very sensitive, and therefore, securing this data is a huge priority. In these scenarios, both of our proposed frameworks could work in a good integration with the existing deep learning model. The blockchain makes the data secure and encrypted, which means that the wrong people will not obtain it. In addition, since the UAVs probably have to stay out for a period of time, they will have limited batteries and computational capabilities.