While Industry 4.0 focuses on integrating smart technologies into manufacturing and supply chains, a new paradigm called Industry 5.0 will enhance this digital transformation by fostering deeper collaboration between humans and machines within their digital ecosystems [23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28]. This partnership combines the precision and speed of industrial automation with human creativity, innovation, and critical thinking, leading to more meaningful and efficient outcomes [24]. In other words, the goal of Industry 5.0 is to create a balance between automation and human-machine interaction with the idea of supporting and enhancing human intelligence instead of replacing it [25]. Industry 5.0 is less about introducing a new industrial revolution and more about enhancing the technologies of Industry 4.0 by fostering closer collaboration between humans and robots [25]. It builds on the pillars of Industry 4.0 (AM, augmented reality, autonomous robots, big data and analytics, cloud connectivity, cybersecurity, horizontal and vertical system integration, IoT, and digital twins) by emphasizing human creativity and well-being as key components of industrial processes [24]. The aim is to combine machines' speed and efficiency with humans' imagination and skills. The following three concepts form the core principles of Industry 5.0 [29]. The first one, a human-centric industry, focuses on prioritizing human needs and interests in the production process. Rather than asking how workers can adapt to new technology, Industry 5.0 explores how technology can better serve workers. While robots excel in precision and endurance, they lack the critical and creative thinking abilities humans bring. The second concept, a resilient industry, is characterized by robust industrial production, capable of withstanding disruptions and supporting critical infrastructure during crises. The pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in manufacturing and supply chains, emphasizing the need for greater agility and resilience in these systems. Finally, the third one, a sustainable industry, focuses on minimizing environmental impact by adopting circular economy practices. Key initiatives include reducing energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste while preserving natural resources and preventing their depletion and degradation. The long-term benefits of Industry 5.0 align with its core principles, such as attracting and retaining talent, achieving energy savings, and enhancing overall resilience. These advantages help businesses stay competitive and relevant by adapting effectively to a changing world and emerging markets [24]. In conclusion, technology should be tailored to meet workers' needs, enhancing their abilities and contributions to industrial processes. New software tools offer valuable insights to improve manufacturing efficiency and promote sustainable production. AI-powered soft sensors can help reduce the over-consumption of raw materials and energy by providing real-time information on product quality, enabling smarter decision making in production [19; 26; 30]. Based on previous considerations, this manuscript offers an overview of all the applications of IoT systems in the industrial field, discussing the different approaches proposed in the literature and the obtained results. Specifically, the analysis of four macro-topics is proposed (Figure 2):  
* Safety: The safety background is analyzed by extending the concept to the two fundamental areas of Industry 4.0, considering safety in the workplace by safeguarding the health of the operator and cybersecurity to prevent cyber-attacks. * Predictive maintenance: The various IoT approaches adopted to minimize maintenance costs are discussed, eliminating unwanted downtime and ensuring longer machine life. * Process control: the study of IoT techniques to control an industrial process and prevent divergences or failures. * Additive manufacturing: IoT applications combined with the production of artifacts through the 3D-printing process are addressed.