esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Fabrication and Integration
### Electronics and Connectivity
The required peak load is also relevant to sizing the capacitors that fulfill exceptional power demands during transitions. The overall nominal power requirement is calculated based on the duty cycle of every subsystem for the worst-case operational mode. The duty cycle is the average time period in which a specific subsystem is consuming power. Figure 9: PC/104 stack (Credit: Diamond Systems). The average power generated by the SE01's solar panels in the worst case is 2600 mW. Solar panels can sustain power for the satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit during the 42-min period in which the satellite is illuminated by the Sun [49]. The included Lithium-Polymer (LiPo) batteries of the SE01 CubeSat have to take over during eclipse. The typical voltage of the battery pack is 7.4 V, and it has a capacity of 2600 mAh. The battery level is self-sustained during control mode for the presented power budget. However, science modes will rapidly drain out the batteries. Hence, after every complete orbit running one of the science modes, the satellite should switch to low power mode to recover the battery level for safe operations.
# Salmonids as Natural Functional Food Rich in Omega-3 PUFA
## 1 Introduction  
The omega-3 (n-3) very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docosanexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) are important components of the human diet, having desirable effects on brain development and cardiovascular health [1, 2]. The main dietary sources of omega-3 VLC PUFA are sea fish and supplements containing fish oil [3, 4]. However, due to overfishing, the global supply of omega-3 VLC PUFA from natural sources is rapidly decreasing [3, 5]. Alternatives to the main natural sources of omega-3 VLC-PUFAs are predominantly in the aquaculture sector [3, 6].  
EPA and DHA are essential nutrients due to their beneficial effects on the functioning of the central nervous system, as well as decreasing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) [6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. Although usually only EPA and DHA are indicated as health-promoting fatty acids, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n-3), too, plays an important role, especially in brain function [9]. DPA increases EPA and DHA levels in tissues of the major metabolic organs. EPA and DHA, as well as DPA, are also precursors of mediators involved in the resolution of inflammation, e.g., resolivins, protections, maesins and isoprostanes [11]. It has been shown that EPA, DPA and DHA improve the function of the cardiovascular system and decrease markers of metabolic diseases risk, such as plasma lipid parameters, platelet aggregation, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and cellular plasticity. Moreover, it has been shown that DPA is the most abundant fatty acid in the central nervous system, just after DHA. This indicates that DPA might be especially beneficial for early-life development, as well as elderly neuroprotection, and decrease the risk of depression [9, 11, 12].  
Salmonids are one of the most valuable fish in the human diet in term of high omega-3 VLC PUFA content. Although trout is usually a freshwater fish, it contains similar omega-3 VLC PUFA levels as salmon [13; 14]. It has been found that trout prefer diets rich in omega-3 VLC PUFA, e.g., wild rainbow trout and gammarids [15; 16]. Thus, salmonids can be treated as a functional food providing significant amounts of desirable omega-3 VLC PUFA. The amount and composition of fish fat depends on the fish's diet, the year season and whether the fish is living in cold or warm waters [15]. Aquaculture, by using well-balanced feed enriched with omega-3 PUFA, can elevate the content of these fatty acids in tissues of farm-raised fish [13; 17; 18]. Due to the high content of omega-3 VLC PUFAs in some fish species, they are considered as health-promoting functional foods [14; 18].  
The aim of this study was to assess the omega-3 VLC PUFA content in selected salmonid fish present on the food market regarding whether they were farm-raised or wild. It was assumed that farm-raised fish, by eating a well-balanced feed enriched with omega-3 PUFAs, might contain omega-3 VLC PUFA in levels similar to that of wild fish.
# Single-Parameter-Tuned Attitude Control for Quadrotor with Unknown Disturbance
## 3 Quadrotor Attitude Control System Design
### ESO Parameter Tuning with CMA-ES Algorithm
#### 3.4.1 Sampling  
In the CMA-ES, a population of \(\lambda\) new search points (individuals, offspring), is generated by sampling a multivariate normal distribution \(N\left(\mathbf{m}_{g},\sigma_{g}^{2}\mathbf{C}_{g}\right)\):  
\[\begin{cases}\mathbf{x}_{i}=\mathbf{m}_{g}+\sigma_{g}\mathbf{y}_{i},\mathbf{y}_{i}\sim N\left( 0,\mathbf{C}_{g}\right)&for\quad i=1,2...\lambda\\ \mathbf{y}_{i}=\mathbf{B}\mathbf{D}\mathbf{z}_{i},\mathbf{z}_{i}\sim N\left(0,\mathbf{I}\right)&\end{cases} \tag{14}\]  
The parameter \(m_{g}\) is the mean value, \(\sigma_{g}\) is the step-size (scale value), \(\mathbf{x}_{i}\) is a search point sampled from multivariate normal distribution \(N\left(\mathbf{m}_{g},\sigma_{g}^{2}\mathbf{C}_{g}\right)\), and \(\mathbf{y}_{i}\) is sampled from \(N\left(0,\sigma_{g}^{2}\mathbf{C}_{g}\right)\). \(\mathbf{B},\mathbf{D}\) results from an eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix \(\mathbf{C}_{g}=\mathbf{B}\mathbf{D}\mathbf{D}\mathbf{B}^{T}\). The columns of \(\mathbf{B}\) are an orthonormal basis of the eigenvectors. The diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix \(\mathbf{D}\) are the square roots of the corresponding positive eigenvalues. In fact, CMA-ES controls the search directions with the matrix \(\mathbf{D}\), and controls the search range with \(\mathbf{B}\) and \(\sigma_{g}\).
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Characterization Analysis and Mechanism
#### 3.3.3 XPS Analysis  
XPS analysis was conducted to measure the chemical state of elements in the milled samples. The XPS spectra of Br 3d, C 1s, Co 2p, O 1s, Fe 2p before and after 180 min MC treatment are presented in Figure 5a. In non-activated samples, two types of bromine, Br 3d\({}_{5/2}\) and Br 3d\({}_{3/2}\) with binding energies 70.8 and 71.9 eV, were attributed to covalently bonded bromine atoms in BDE 209. After 180 min grinding, two new peaks appeared at 68.8 and 69.5 eV, assigned to Br\({}^{-}\) (Figure 5b), suggesting that the organic bromine from BDE 209 was released and transformed to Br\({}^{-}\) [31]. The C 1s peaks at 286.4 eV and 288.8 eV, attributed to C-Br of BDE 209, disappeared after milling (Figure 5c). The peak at 284.8 eV assigned to C-C decreased significantly, and a new peak at 291.1 eV was observed. These results reveal that the organic structure of BDE 209 was decomposed and transformed into graphitic and amorphous carbon [36]. For Co 2p (Figure 5d), the binding energies of Co 2p\({}_{3/2}\) and Co 2p\({}_{1/2}\) at 779.8 and 794.8 eV, respectively, belong to Co(III), consistent with Co(III) in non-activated LiCoO\({}_{2}\).The binding energies of Co 2p\({}_{3/2}\) and Co 2p\({}_{1/2}\) representing Co(II) appear at 781.3 and 796.3 eV, respectively [40], indicating that the valence state of Co was changed from Co(III) to Co(II). The XPS profile of O 1s (Figure 5e) for the sample before reaction at the peak of 529.4 eV can be fitted with the lattice oxygen in LiCoO\({}_{2}\)[41]. Afterwards, this peak disappeared, and the relative intensity of the peak at 532.9 eV, attributed to oxygen vacancies, significantly increased due to the MC process. This indicates that the active oxygen in LiCoO\({}_{2}\) can transfer electrons to the aromatic structure thus inducing the reduction of BDE 209. Fe 2p spectra are shown in Figure 5f, with binding energies of Fe 2p\({}_{2/3}\) and Fe 2p\({}_{1/2}\) measured at 710.8 eV and 724 eV, characteristic of Fe(III) [42]. This confirmed that Fe(0) was converted to Fe(III) and acted as the reducing agent during the treatment. From these results, it can be concluded that the reductive debromination of BDE 209 by Fe, and the subsequent oxidative abatement of debrominated products by LiCoO\({}_{2}\) were integrated in a concerted procedure, and as a result, leading to the elimination of BDE 209.
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Trapping Performance of CF/CAF/CF Pad  
Finally, the triglyceride triacetate and glycerol trapping performance of the filter pads was evaluated. The weight of the CAF interlayer varied from 0.1 g to 0.5 g to probe the effect of the CAF interlayer on the trapping performance of the CF/CAF/CF pad. Each experiment was repeated at least three times, and the average value of the trapped  
Figure 4: FTIR spectra of (**A**) CFP, (**B**) CF, and (**C**) CAF adsorbed with glycerol and (**D**) CFP, (**E**) CF, and (**F**) CAF adsorbed with glycerol triacetate.  
Figure 3: Optimized configuration showing the adsorption of glycerol on (**A**) SiO\({}_{2}\), (**B**) cellulose, and (**C**) cellulose acetate, and glycerol triacetate on (**D**) SiO\({}_{2}\), (**E**) cellulose, and (**F**) cellulose acetate.  
weight is shown (Figure 5, Table S1). CFP showed poor trapping performance against glycerol triacetate. The weight of the collected glycerol triacetate on CFP was 0.03 mg, 0.04 mg, 0.08 mg, 0.18 mg, 0.12 mg, 0.06 mg, 0.08 mg, and 0.07 mg from the 1 st suction to the 8 th suction, respectively. In the 4 th suction, CFP trapped the highest amount of glycerol triacetate. All of the CF/CAF/CF pads showed significantly higher glycerol triacetate collection performance than CFP. For example, the trapped glycerol triacetate on CF/CAF\({}_{0.4}\)/CF was 0.87 mg, 0.64 mg, 0.90 mg, 0.53 mg, 1.01 mg, 0.85 mg, 0.77 mg, and 0.97 mg from the 1 st suction to the 8 th suction. The total weight of the collected glycerol triacetate on CF/CAF\({}_{0.2}\)/CF reached 4.77 mg, 623% higher than that for CFP. The high amount of glycerol triacetate trapped on CF/CAF/CF could be because the polarity of glycerol triacetate is close to that of cellulose acetate. The glycerol trapping performance of CFP was close to that of the CF/CAF/CF pad. Varying the interlayer weight of CF/CAF/CF did not influence the trapping performance of the CF/CAF/CF pad. Among all of the samples, CF/CAF\({}_{0.2}\)/CF showed the highest trapping capability. The glycerol collected on CF/CAF\({}_{0.2}\)/CF was 0.12 mg, 0.11 mg, 0.18 mg, 0.48 mg, 0.77 mg, 0.72 mg, 0.45 mg, and 0.24 mg from the 1 st suction to the 8 th suction, respectively. Based on all of the results above, CF/CAF\({}_{0.2}\)/CF is the optimal choice for the fabrication of mainstream smoke filters due to its balanced smoke trapping performance and material cost.
# Enhancing the Strength of Mine Residue Soil by Bioremediation Combined with Biopolymers
###### Abstract  
Traditional soil stabilization methods are usually associated with high energy consumption, carbon emissions, and long-term environmental impact. Recent developments have shown the potential use of bio-based techniques as eco-friendly alternatives for soil stabilization. The present work studies the effects of the addition of the biopolymers xanthan gum (XG) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to a mine residue soil, combined or not with biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques, in terms of compressive stress-strain behavior. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed on previously disturbed samples (two cycles of percolation, extraction and homogenization) to evaluate if the biostimulation and bioremediation remain active in a real adverse scenario. The results allowed for us to conclude that both biopolymers, when applied individually (with a content of 1%), are effective stabilizers (CMC allows for unconfined compressive strength increases of up to 109%), showing better results for CMC than Portland cement. The biostimulation of the autochthonous community of the mine residue soil was revealed to be a non-effective technique, even when combined with the biopolymers. However, good results were observed when the bioaugmentation was combined with xanthan gum, with unconfined compressive strength improvements of up to 27%. The study revealed that these bio-based techniques are promising soil engineering techniques, offering environmentally friendly alternatives for sustainable soil stabilization and contributing to a greener and more sustainable future.  
biopolymer; biostimulation; bioaugmentation; xanthan gum; carboxymethyl cellulose; unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test; stress-strain +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences
## 6 Conclusions and Future Directions
In addition, vibration and acoustic tests should also be performed to validate the internal connections and their potential hazard due to mechanical disturbance generated by the rocket. In addition, the influence of electromagnetic interference between on-board equipment should be evaluated through electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests, since accurate magnetic field measurements are a priority for this mission. Moreover, EMC tests should be performed between the nanosatellite and the launch vehicle to ensure there is no electromagnetic interference with the telecommunications system of the rocket. All these additional tests must be performed prior to launch in dedicated facilities to meet all technical and operational requirements. The proposed workflow aims to provide designers with a comprehensive analysis of the module and its components, making it a valid approach for early design stages. Future work will focus on the sequential integration of additional physical components and the implementation of a more complete physical environment for systematic analysis of the entire ADCS. This will lay the foundation for moving towards Mission PerformanceSimulators, enabling verification of overall performance from the user's perspective at the system level. Additionally, this approach could be adapted to other subsystems such as the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) subsystem, to test localization capabilities (GPS) and support antenna selection decisions. This comprehensive approach ensures that CubeSat missions can achieve higher levels of reliability and performance, thereby enhancing the success rate of these missions. F.J.T.C. : conceptualization, methodology, software, validation, writing--original draft, writing--review and editing, project administration, visualization; X.W. : conceptualization, resources, writing--review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition; K.W.V.T. : methodology, investigation, writing--original draft, writing--review and editing; M.J.M.Q. : methodology, investigation, writing--original draft; M.A.S.P. : methodology, investigation, software, writing--original draft; S.E.M.Q. : software, visualization; G.J.A.B. : software, visualization; G.A.L.V. : validation, visualization; F.P.A.L. : writing--review and editing, review; A.R. : review; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. CAST, \"The Belt and Road\" International Science and Technology Organization Cooperation Founding, No. KXPT-2021-3; BIMT, Tongxin Program Founding, No. TX-B21-02. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
# Study on the Influence of Rock Shape on Rolling Distance
## 2 Model Test  
### Determining the Influence of Rockfall Shape on Its Rolling Characteristics  
#### 2.1.1 Test Device  
The first step of designing model tests is to determine the ratio between the actual dimensions of rock blocks/slopes in rockfall disasters and the test model, known as the similarity scale [40; 41]. Previous studies have investigated and analyzed different historical rockfall disasters and found that the size of rockfall debris ranges from tens of centimeters to several meters [42], weighing hundreds of tons, and that the volume of individual debris can reach more than 1000 cubic meters [41; 43]. Therefore, in order to better restore the size of rock blocks in real rockfall disasters, the geometric ratio is set to 50, and the gravity and time similarity ratios are set to one in the model test.  
The test device comprises four main components: the release chute for the test block, the rolling surface, velocity measurement devices, and a rolling trajectory recording apparatus, as illustrated in Figure 3. The surface of the release chute is made of rigid ceramic tiles. The chute's release angle and height can be adjusted using the lifting rods on the frame to attain the desired initial slope and velocity for the experiments.  
Given that the slope can influence the motion characteristics of rockfalls, [PERSON] [44] noted that when the release slope exceeds 45\({}^{\circ}\), the rockfall will directly impact the rolling surface upon leaving the chute, leading to significant jumps and substantial energy consumption. Only by maintaining uninterrupted contact with the ground during the rockfall's motion can we measure the shape's influence on rolling distance; therefore, the release slope was restricted to a lower range (20-40\({}^{\circ}\)) to prevent jumping upon exit from the chute.  
To confirm the suitability of the theoretical formulas for composite terrain surfaces, diverse rolling experiments were devised. These encompassed rolling the test block on singular materials and surfaces composed of multiple materials. The materials for the rolling surface were chosen to replicate distinct site features, such as exposed bedrock or smooth rocky slopes, soft rock, and rocky slopes with vegetation [43], as shown in Figure 3.  
Gridlines were drawn on the rolling surface to aid in measuring the rolling distance of the test block. Velocity measurement and trajectory recording were accomplished using two high-speed cameras. The velocity camera was positioned on the right side at the end of the release chute to record the initial velocity of the rockfall after it left the chute. The trajectory camera was placed above the release slope to capture the complete trajectory, from the moment the rockfall exited the chute until it came to a stop.
# Simulation Study on the Installation of Helical Anchors in Sandy Soil Using SPH-FEM
## 3 Simulation Results and Discussion  
To study the effects of the \(AR\) on the installation force, torque, and uplift capacity of the helical anchor, two models of helical anchor foundations with different pitches (0.06 m and 0.08 m) were established. In these two models, the \(AR\) was set to 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5, with an installation depth of 1.20 m for both.
## 6 Results and Discussion
### Interleaved Boost Converter  
Due to the aforesaid advantages of this converter compared to the conventional boost converter, the interleaved topology has achieved a good reputation as a step-up converter in fuel cell systems. The junction temperatures related to the semiconductors used within this topology are shown in Figure 12.  
As is evident from Figure 12, the temperatures in each pair are similar (Q1 = Q2, D1 = D2, and D3 = D4) because of the symmetrical structure of the converter topology. Among the semiconductor devices, the junction temperature of Q1 and Q2 is the highest (62.28). While the D1 and D2's junction temperature rise is only 20.45 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the diodes D3 and D4 experience considerable thermal stress leading to an increased temperature to 56.62 \({}^{\circ}\)C.
# \(\alpha\)-Fluctuating Nakagami-\(m\) Fading Model for Wireless Communications
## 4 Performance Analysis of the \(\alpha\)-Fluctuating Nakagami Model
### Outage Analysis of the \(\alpha\)-Fluctuating Nakagami Model  
The outage probability is defined as the probability of the event that the instantaneous SNR falls below the specified threshold (\(\gamma_{th}\)), i.e., \(\mathrm{P}_{out}=\mathbb{P}\{\gamma<\gamma_{th}\}\). This is exactly the cumulative distribution derived in Theorem 1, i.e., \(P_{out}=F_{\gamma}(\gamma_{th})\), with the asymptotic performance presented in Corollary 1.
# Coupled Vibration Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel System in Wave and Current
## 3 Case Study
### Analysis Results
#### 3.2.3. VIV of the Cable without the Coupling Effect  
To further study the coupling effects of the tube-cable system on the anchor-cables, Figure 5 shows the VIV time-dependent curve of the cables without considering the coupling effect. Compared with Figure 3, it can be found from Figure 5 that the steady-state amplitude increases from 0.402 m to 0.688 m with a relative difference of 66.17%. However, the amplitude of \(\Delta\sigma\) sharply decreases from 22.061 Mpa to 0.058 Mpa. The results are given in Table 3.  
Figure 4: Undamped parametric resonance of the SFT tube-cable system: (**a**) displacement in the mid-section of cable; (**b**) displacement in the mid-span of tube.  
Figure 3: Responses of SFT due to the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of the cable: (**a**) with wave force on SFT tube; (**b**) without wave force on SFT tube; (**i**) displacement in the mid-section of cable; (ii) displacement in the mid-span of tube; (iii) cable stress variation (\(\Delta\sigma\)).  
This also demonstrates that the motion of the tube plays a leading role in the tension variation of the cable. To a certain extent, the coupling effect inhibits the lateral vibration of the cable. The VIV of the cables should be minimized from the angles of the optimum parameter design and construction measures.
# TASE: Task-Aware Speech Enhancement for Wake-Up Word Detection in Voice Assistants +
## 3 Materials and Methods  
### Databases  
The databases used for our experiments contain speech with either the WUW, \"OK Aura\", or without it. On the one hand, WUW samples are drawn from two Telefonica's in-house datasets, one of them being made publicly available for research purposes under End-User License Agreement (EULA). On the other hand, samples without the WUW are taken from the in-house public dataset itself and the Spanish Common Voice (CV) corpus [37]. Background noise contamination is done to test the effectiveness of the speech enhancement models, and the acoustic events for doing so are sampled from further external datasets. More details about each dataset are given in the following subsections.
## 2 Monitoring Project Overview
### Monitoring Point Layout and Data Acquisition  
Two monitoring equipment units were installed in the coal mine area, as shown in Figure 1. The monitoring instrument was approximately 2 m tall, and it monitored No.1 and No.2, respectively. In this paper, the statistical variables included dust concentration, temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, wind power, rainfall, and production intensity (stripping amount, noise). The data were collected from 17:30 on 7 August 2023 to 9:00 on 18 August 2023, with a data acquisition interval of 10 min, resulting in approximately 1500 sets of data over the course of 10 days. The stripping amount data were provided by the mine production technology department, while other data were exported by the real-time online monitoring system through the client. The specific technical parameters of the equipment are presented in Table 2.  
Figure 1: Monitoring point layout diagram.
# Probabilistic Shaping for Finite Blocklengths: Distribution Matching and Sphere Shaping
## 7 Conclusions
\begin{tabular}{l l} AC & Arithmetic coding \\ AIR & Achievable information rate \\ ASK & Amplitude-shift keying \\ AWGN & Additive white Gaussian noise \\ BC & Binomial coefficient \\ BL-DM & Bit-level distribution matching \\ BMD & Bit-metric decoding \\ BP & Bounded-precision \\ BRGC & Binary reflected Gray code \\ CCDM & Constant composition distribution matching \\ CM & Coded modulation \\ D\&C & Divide and conquer \\ DEMUX & Demultiplexer \\ DM & Distribution matching \\ ESS & Enumerative sphere shaping \\ FEC & Forward error correction \\ FER & Frame error rate \\ FP & Full-precision \\ GMI & Generalized mutual information \\ GS & Geometric shaping \\ LDPC & Low-density parity-check \\ LLR & Log-likelihood ratio \\ LUT & Lookup table \\ MB & Maxwell-Boltzmann \\ MC & Multinomial coefficient \\ MI & Mutual information \\ MLC & Multilevel coding \\ MPDM & Multiset-partition distribution matching \\ MUX & Multiplexer \\ \end{tabular}