## 2 Materials and Methods  
For the literature review, we used the Web of Science platform. This platform allows for an in-depth literature search with the utilization of search strings and additional filtering. This enables the exclusion of certain languages, disciplines, publication years, or topics that should not be included in the publications. We employed conditional statements, shown in Table 1, to ensure the inclusion of certain criteria. We filtered the publications based on three terms: 'Topic' (TS) returns search results based on title, abstract, and keywords; 'title' (TI) returns results based on only the title; and 'author keyword' (AK) returns only results which match the keywords specified by the author. The TS filter was applied for the category of forests, and includes terms such as \"wood\", \"tree\", \"deciduous\", \"conifer\", and more. We also included the most common tree species, for example, \"spruce\", \"fr\", \"larch\", \"pine\", \"beech\", \"oak\", \"maple\", \"chestnut\", \"aspen\", \"elm\", or \"linde\". In the case of geographical scale, all countries and continents \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Criteria** & **Conditions** \\ \hline Forest & TI = (forest* OR tree* OR conifer* OR needless OR spruce OR pine OR fir OR larch OR \\  & broadleaf OR deciduous OR beech OR oak OR maple OR birch OR chestnut OR aspen OR \\  & elm OR linde* OR woodland* OR capo*) OR AK = (forest* OR tree* OR conifer* OR needless \\  & OR spruce OR pine OR fir OR larch OR broadleaf OR deciduous OR beech OR oak OR maple \\  & OR birch OR chestnut OR aspen OR elm OR linde OR woodland* OR canopy*) \\ \hline Geographical Scale & List of countries and continents with temperate forests (see Table S1) \\ \hline  & (TI = (drought OR storm OR cold spell OR coldspell OR heatwave OR heat wave OR \\  & climate induced OR climate change OR water deficit OR abiotic disturbance OR snow \\  & breakage OR snow damage) OR TI = ((extreme OR heavy OR severe OR intense OR strong \\  & Weather & OR high OR late OR early)) AND (weather OR climate OR wind OR rain OR precipitation \\ Extreme OR Climate Change & OR temperature OR frost OR meteorology OR stress OR freeze))) OR AK = (drought OR storm \\  & OR cold spell OR coldspell OR heatwave OR heat wave OR climate induced OR climate change \\  & OR water deficit OR abiotic disturbance OR snow breakage OR snow damage) \\ \hline  & TS = (remote sensing OR remotely sensed OR earth observation OR satellite OR spaceborne OR \\  & multispectral OR hyperspectral OR imaging spectroscopy OR SAR OR radar OR thermal OR \\ Remote & Sentinel OR Landsat OR MODIS OR AVHIRR OR Enviset OR SPOT OR Rapideye OR WorldView \\ Sensing & OR IKONOS OR Quickbird OR Pleiades OR Planet OR skycat OR denis OR PRISMA OR \\  & enmap OR Hyperion OR COSMO OR ALOS OR TerraSAR OR TanDEM OR RADARSAT OR \\  & ASTER OR SRTM OR ICESat OR GEDI OR ecostress OR Copernicus OR Suomi NPP) \\ \hline Type & Article \\ \hline Language & English \\ \hline Date & 1 January 2014, 31 January 2024 \\ \hline  & NOT (TI = (beetle* OR insect* OR urban* OR fire*) OR AK = (beetle* OR insect* \\  & OR urban* OR fire*) OR TS = (boreal* OR tropical* OR subtropical* OR mangrove* \\  & OR bamboo* OR crop* OR grassland* OR wheat* OR tundra OR marine* OR kelp OR bird)) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Criteria entered in the WoS search string. The complete list of criterion geographic scale is included in Table S1. The asterisk (*) represents any group of characters, including the absence of characters. with temperate forests are included, as well as the terms \"temperate\" and \"mid-latitude\". The terms \"temperate\" and \"mid-latitude\" must be represented in TS to fulfill the search requirements. The criteria for climate change and weather extremes had a more complex conditional statement Publications were filtered that directly name such a phenomenon in the title or as an author's keyword, such as \"drought\" or \"flood\".