# A Survey of Blockchain Applications for Management in Agriculture and Livestock Internet of Things
## 4 Applications of Blockchain in Agricultural and Animal Husbandry IoT
### Ensuring System Security and Privacy

Table 5: Ensuring system security related papers. The table highlights key studies that address IoT security challenges using blockchain. It showcases how blockchain enhances data integrity, authentication, and protection against threats like rogue node injections and DDoS attacks. The studies also demonstrate innovative solutions, such as integrating blockchain with cloud computing, to improve security in agricultural IoT systems. Advantages:  
Integrating blockchain with IoT offers several advantages for agricultural operations, enhancing security, transparency, and adaptability. Blockchain's tamper-proof ledger strengthens IoT security by enabling robust authentication, ensuring data integrity, and protecting against threats such as data poisoning or rogue node injections, as demonstrated in studies [120; 124; 125]. Moreover, smart contracts and decentralized architectures [130; 131] facilitate improved transparency and automation, enabling real-time monitoring with reduced manual intervention and providing clearer audit trails. Additionally, blockchain \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Targeted Challenges** & **Papers** & **Short Introductions** & **Blockchain-Enabled Opportunities** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{[124]} & \multirow{6}{*}{[124]} & Introduced a framework that merges blockchain and IoT technologies to address consumer trust concerns in managing risks associated with agricultural IoT data sharing. \\  & & agricultural production. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{[125]} & The article introduces SP2F, a framework designed to enhance security and privacy in smart agricultural UAVs by addressing cyber-attacks and data privacy threats through the integration of blockchain and deep learning technologies. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{[125]} & The IoT field faces major attacks like interference, side-channel, malicious code injection, and rogue node insertion, highlighting the importance and complexity of securing IoT devices against vulnerabilities. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & Blockchain technology, characterized by its distributed ledger and peer-to-peer networking capabilities, presents a resource-demanding but efficient strategy to improve the comprehensive security of IoT devices, even though direct integration poses challenges. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Ensuring System Security} & \multirow{6}{*}{[128; 129]} & DDoS attacks in IoT are a persistent threat due to the vast number of devices with low security, making them ideal for attackers to exploit and turn into botnets for launching attacks. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & Blockchain provides a decentralized, tamper-resistant, and transparent mechanism for managing data, which enhances IoT security by bolstering device authentication, ensuring data integrity, and establishing a distributed defense system. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{[130]} & The study introduces a security monitoring framework based on cloud and blockchain technologies for smart agriculture IoT applications. This framework improves security and efficiency through the use of Arduino sensor kits, AWS cloud services, and Ethereum smart contracts. \\ \cline{2-3}  & The paper proposes a secure system for smart agriculture, combining IoT, blockchain, and edge computing, focused on improving data privacy and security within agricultural IoT environments. \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{[131]} & The paper proposes a secure system for smart agriculture, combining IoT, blockchain, and edge computing, focused on improving data privacy and security within agricultural IoT environments. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & Blockchain technology in the system ensures data integrity and secure access, offering a decentralized solution to IoT security challenges in agriculture. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: _Cont._solutions prove adaptable to the diverse and resource-constrained nature of IoT devices, offering secure and standardized protocols to address heterogeneity, as noted in [121; 122; 123]. These benefits make blockchain an invaluable tool for advancing the efficiency and reliability of IoT systems in agriculture.