# Logistics Space: A Literature Review from the Sustainability Perspective
## 2 Logistics Space
### The Influencing Factors of the Evolution of Logistics Space
#### 2.2.2 Traffic Accessibility  
Traffic accessibility refers to the size of the opportunities for interaction between nodes in a traffic network, which reflects the degree of traffic convenience and location advantages of a region ([PERSON], 2016). The key determinant of transport accessibility is the capacity and structure of transport infrastructure, which stimulates the movement of goods, reduces transit times, improves market access and promotes economic growth ([PERSON], 2016; [PERSON], 2016; [PERSON], 2016). For logistics enterprises, the transportation of goods is at the core of their business, so accessibility plays a major role in the location decision. Highly accessible areas attract more logistics employment and logistics enterprises ([PERSON], 2016). As production becomes increasingly dispersed, China's cargo turnover has increased by 110% from 2006 to 2016. The increase of shipping distances and fuel prices has forced logistics enterprises to consider escalating shipping costs. The negative impact of logistics activities on the environment is expanding and there is a certain spatial aggregation effect ([PERSON], 2016). Access to motorway, port and other transport infrastructures can increase transport efficiency and reduce transportation costs. [PERSON] calculates the time or distance of 235 logistics sites to the freeway intersection, rail terminal, inland navigation terminal and seaport, respectively as road accessibility, rail accessibility, inland navigation accessibility, and through discrete choice modeling revealed that access to port, motorway and a rail terminal play no significant role in the location choice of logistics enterprises ([PERSON], 2016). [PERSON] finds that highway accessibility is more important than and sea and railway accessibility by analyzing the relationship between the location of warehouses and accessibility measures of several kinds of transport networks in the US ([PERSON], 2016). Compared to other enterprises (manufacturing, business services, and even transporters), logistics enterprises are closer to highways and other transport infrastructure. This confirms that the logistics enterprises are market-oriented and need to be located in or close to the consumer market ([PERSON], 2016). Accessibility is strongly and significantly correlated with the spatial distribution and evolution of logistics enterprises. For example, the logistics cluster in the United States is mainly located near major airports and seaports, while the logistics facilities in The Netherlands are relatively often at multimodal terminals ([PERSON], 2016; [PERSON], 2016). Land near major roads, ports and other transport infrastructure is relatively expensive compared to the surrounding areas ([PERSON], 2016). So, logistics enterprises need to consider the relationship between accessibility and rent in the site selection. Accessibility is an important factor in the location of logistics enterprises, which affects transport efficiency and service quality of logistics enterprises.