## 1 Introduction
Based on a previous literature review [27; 28; 29; 30; 31], a wide variety of dominated and nondominated EO compounds are responsible for biological activities, and their mixture provides a noticeable inhibitory effect, which is more pronounced than those obtained by the main components [16]. This can be explained by the involvement of the synergistic effect between the oxygenated monoterenoid molecules [16; 17; 32; 33]. Other studies in the literature have reported that the lactonic sesquiterpenes (artemisinin, eudesmanolide, artemin, artemisolide) [24] as wellas flavones (eupatilin, jacesidin, circilineol, 6-methoxytricin) and flavon-3-ols (genkwanin, kamatakenin, isorhamnetol, eupatorin, and myricetin 3, \(3^{\prime}A^{\prime}\)-trimethyl) are also responsible for biological activities [25]. Referring to recent studies [17] and references therein as well as the past works [34; 35], the chemical composition of the EOs could be impacted by several biotic and abiotic factors, such as plant components; genetic diversity; geographical location, climate conditions (annual rainfall, arid and semiarid climate, hydric stress such as droughts or floods), especially during a plant's developmental stages; soil characteristics (soil salinity, silt, clay... ); growing conditions; collecting time; and season of harvesting. All the above-mentioned factors are responsible for the formation of many interpopulation chemotype variations and phytochemical polymorphisms (forming new molecules), presenting potent chemical bioactive constituents allowing for the treatment of numerous diseases. According to previous scientific studies [36; 37; 38; 39], the emergence and development of resistant bacterial strains towards synthetic antibiotics drugs has increased during the last few years, posing major problems to the public health and food industries concerning the effectiveness and the success of synthetic antibacterial treatments. This has prompted researchers to find other alternative pathways by exploring the new constituents of natural plants considered as safe, nontoxic, ecofriendly, and presenting crucial biological activity, allowing for the circumvention of synthetic drugs' resistance problems and the improvement of the EOs' antibacterial power. In recent study conducted by [PERSON] et al. (2022) [17], the mixture of _A. arborescens_ EOs exhibited a remarkable bacterial inhibitory effect compared to Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin synthetic antibiotics, which indicate a weak effect. The EOs tested showed more significant inhibition on the amplitude, desensitization, and deactivation mechanisms generated by the receptors. The noticeable activities could be correlated to the presence of oxygenated monoterpenoid components, which represent 90 to 96%. The presence of thujone as well as monoterpenic hydrocarbons in EOs could damage the cellular integrity, resulting in cell permeability alteration and the inhibition of respiration [40; 41]. In the same trend, [PERSON] et al. (2020) [36] indicated that phenolic compounds could affect the cell membrane structure by disrupting the lipid structures of the cells, altering the permeability of subcellular structures and causing the damage to the cell membranes as well as cell walls (reduction in intracellular ATP concentrations, cell membrane depolarization, leakage of cytoplasm membrane, decrease in bacterial protein content); it results an inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth. Concerning the wood biomaterial, it is used in various applications such as buildings and public artworks, historical monuments (wooden museums) for cultural heritage. and wooden artifacts. Several studies in the literature have reported the involvement of fungi in the biodegradation of wood constituents, leading to the destruction of the chemical biopolymeric structures, and thus resulting in wood rots [37; 42; 43; 44; 45] as well as changes in the color of wood [46].