## 3 Results
### CO\({}_{2}\) Loading Relative to Standard MEA
The adsorption is primarily driven by weak intermolecular forces such as van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions, enabling the CO2 molecules to adhere to the surface of ZIF-8 [33; 34]. Subsequently, the adsorbed CO2 molecules can diffuse into the internal nanopores of ZIF-8 through pore diffusion. The interconnected channels and voids within the porous structure facilitate the movement of CO2 molecules into the material. Within the nanopores, chemical interaction takes place as the CO2 molecules form chemical bonds with the metal sites present in the ZIF-8 framework. These metal sites, often consisting of transition metal ions, coordinate with the CO2 molecules, resulting in the formation of metal-carboxylate complexes. Table 5 and Figure 10 depict the increase in CO2 loading relative to MEA for the ZCAF samples. It is evident that the incorporation of ZCAF in a 5 molar MEA solution enhances the CO2 loading. A similar trend is observed with an increase in the pulp-to-powder ratio within the samples (from ZCAF1 to ZCAF3). Specifically, the addition of 0.25 g of ZCAF1 to a 5 molar MEA solution results in an approximate 3.7% increase in CO2 loading compared with the standard MEA solution. Conversely, the inclusion of 1.0 g of ZCAF3 in the MEA solution leads to an approximately 19% increase in CO2 loading compared with the standard MEA solution. Figure 10: Percentage increase in CO2 adsorption with varying proportions (0.25 gm, 0.5 gm, 0.75 gm, and 1 gm) of ZCAF1, ZCAF2, and ZCAF3 samples in a 5M MEA solution. The following are key interpretations from Figure 10 and Table 5.  
The figure demonstrates that increasing the pulp-to-powder ratio in the ZCAF samples (ZCAF1, ZCAF2, and ZCAF3) leads to a consistent increase in CO\({}_{2}\) loading efficiency. This suggests that a higher concentration of ZIF-8 within the cellulose matrix provides more active sites for CO\({}_{2}\) adsorption, highlighting the importance of optimizing the ZIF-8 content in composite materials. The observed trend indicates a possible synergistic interaction between cellulose fibers and ZIF-8 particles. The cellulose matrix may enhance the accessibility of CO\({}_{2}\) to the ZIF-8 adsorption sites by maintaining a porous and well-dispersed structure, which could prevent agglomeration of ZIF-8 particles and maximize their surface area. ZCAF3, with the highest pulp-to-powder ratio, shows the most significant improvement in CO\({}_{2}\) loading. This suggests that there might be an optimal loading of ZIF-8 within the cellulose matrix, where enough ZIF-8 is present to enhance CO\({}_{2}\) capture without compromising the structural integrity or accessibility of the composite material. The increase in CO\({}_{2}\) loading with higher ZIF-8 content suggests that mass transfer limitations might be reduced in ZCAF2 and ZCAF3. The cellulose matrix could facilitate better diffusion of CO\({}_{2}\) to the ZIF-8 sites, especially in the higher pulp-to-powder ratio samples, indicating that the design of the matrix can significantly influence the adsorption kinetics. While higher ZIF-8 loading improves CO\({}_{2}\) capture, it might also affect the mechanical properties of the composite. The figure hints at a possible trade-off where excessively high