## 5 Conclusions  
This paper presented a new approach to predict the LG far-field noise based on near-field flow data obtained from multiple 2D simulations. The LG structure was divided into multiple 2D C-Ss to represent different configurations. The locations of these C-Ss are selected based on the number of components, sizes, and geometric complexities. The 3D FW-H acoustic analogy is used to calculate the far-field noise. The results of flow past a circular cylinder with \(\text{Re}=9.0\times 10^{4}\) using the 2D simulation showed that most of the flow quantities were reasonably reproduced while the St was over-predicted. For the LAGOON NLG, three different values for the SCL were investigated for each resulting C-S. For Sec.1 and Sec.2, the SCL3 was assumed in accordance with the utilization of the available empirical formula. However, for Sec.3, Sec.4, and Sec.5, the SCL3 was assumed to be smaller than the corresponding \(\text{La}\) to ensure that the FW-H integration is evaluated, assuming the flow is fully correlated. It was noted that different SCL resulted in a constant offset of the predicted noise level over the entire frequency spectrum. The predicted far-field noise based on the multiple 2D simulations was found to be in agreement with the experimental and 3D computational data. In addition, it was found that the location of the receiver influences both the amplitude and frequency of the predicted far-field noise. The results based on the 3 DMic location showed a better agreement with the experimental data. This proves the ability of the proposed approach in capturing the aerodynamic noise relative to the far-field receiver location. The proposed approach provided a reasonable far-field noise prediction at a low computational cost. Thus, it could be utilized as a framework to assess the emitted noise of each LG components. In addition, this method has the potential to be used as a quick design tool to predict the noise impact of new LG designs. Also, one of the main advantages is that each individual acoustic result could be used to evaluate the contribution of each LG C-S to the overall noise level. To further investigate the validity of the proposed approach, a more complex 3D LG model needs to be tested and validated with available experimental data. Overall, by approximating the fully 3D flow over the LG into multiple 2D models, the quasi-periodic vortex shedding generated due to each resulting C-S was visible. As a result, the unsteady loading on each C-S is considered as a primary source of noise generation for the LAGOON NLG. Note that, although the effect of the flow interaction between the C-Ss was not considered, some important peaks were successfully captured. Nevertheless, more investigations are needed to compensate for the 3D wake effect, which could be modified using the spanwise statistical modelling. In addition, when each LG component is assumed to have a compact C-S, the emitted noise could be predicted using the sectional lift and drag forces  
Figure 11: Comparison of the overall PSD based on the summation of all signals with experimental and 3D numerical data at: (**a**) 2D receiver locations relative to each domain; and (**b**) 3D microphone location at M6, as per the experiment. directly. This will assess the contribution of each 2D C-S on the overall noise and which component of the LG is considered dominant. [PERSON] was responsible for developing the proposed method of dividing the LG into multiple 2D C-Ss. He was also involved in running all the simulations using ANSYS FLUENT, analyzing results, and the evaluation of each 2D C-S. He drafted the article, critically reviewed and implemented revisions. [PERSON] contributed to the presentation of results and critically reviewed this article. [PERSON] supervised all aspects of the research and critically reviewed this article. This research was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC under Discovery Grant No. RGPIN 217525.