## 3 Results
### Interference of Low-Concentration Essential Oils with Stone Materials  
Based on our spectrophotometric observations, the granite specimens did not show any color changes after treatment with the low-concentration (1-10%) oregano EO, clove bud EO, thyme EO, cinnamon cassia EO, and the control groups. The rate of weight change for the granite specimens before and after treatment with low-concentration EOs was the lowest for oregano, followed by cinnamon cassia, thyme, and clove bud, and it was similar to or slightly higher than that caused by the controls (Table 4). In the specimens treated with EO concentrations of 10% (showing the highest effects across all concentrations), we detected quartz, mica, plagioclase, and albite both before and after the treatment (Figure 4). Newly formed crystals were not identified.  
Similarly, no color change was observed in the genesis specimens after treatment with the four EOs at low concentrations (1-10%). The mineral composition before and after the treatment included quartz and feldspar, along with a small amount of mica (Figure 5). The rate of weight change caused by the EOs was the lowest for thyme, followed by oregano, cinnamon cassia, and clove bud (Table 4). The mean rates of weight change were 0.07%, 0.10%, and 0.19% for thyme EO, oregano EO, and cinnamon cassia EO, respectively, which was similar to that of the control groups (0.03-0.11%). The mean rate of weight change caused by the clove bud EO was 0.47%, which was slightly higher than that of the control groups (Table 4). It should be noted that the standard deviations for all weight change measurements indicate high variance in the results.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Source of EO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Concentration**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Rate of Weight Change (\%)**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **Granite** & **Gneiss** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Oregano} & 1\% & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.06 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\  & 3\% & 0.05 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.32 \(\pm\) 0.19 \\ \cline{2-4}  & 5\% & 0.06 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.03 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\  & 7.5\% & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.13 & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\  & 10\% & 0.05 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Clove bud} & 1\% & 0.97 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 0.05 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\  & 3\% & 0.69 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 0.49 \(\pm\) 0.25 \\ \cline{2-4}  & 5\% & 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.23 & 0.83 \(\pm\) 0.56 \\ \cline{2-4}  & 7.5\% & 0.46 \(\pm\) 0.18 & 0.66 \(\pm\) 0.29 \\ \cline{2-4}  & 10\% & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.60 & 0.32 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Thyme} & 1\% & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.10 \\  & 3\% & 1.19 \(\pm\) 0.34 & 0.03 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 5\% & 0.07 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 7.5\% & 0.43 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.06 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 10\% & 0.15 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 0.10 \(\pm\) 0.05 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Cinnamon cassia} & 1\% & 0.07 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 3\% & 0.08 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.08 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 5\% & 0.07 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.06 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 7.5\% & 0.11 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.34 \(\pm\) 0.18 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 10\% & 0.19 \(\pm\) 0.19 & 0.41 \(\pm\) 0.18 \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Control 2 (Solvent)} & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.03 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Control 1 (Distilled water)} & 0.09 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.11 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Rates of weight change for the granite and gneiss specimens before and after treatment with low-concentration essential oils.