# Development and Application of a Novel Tsunami Monitoring System Based on Submerged Mooring
## 5 Discussion and Conclusions  
This article presents a novel system for tsunami monitoring using a submerged mooring system equipped with pressure sensors and real-time data transmission capabilities. The system collects real-time pressure data from pressure sensors near the seabed for tsunami wave detection and divides the underwater operation of the system into deployment mode, standard mode, and tsunami alarm mode according to different data processing methods. The results of the laboratory and sea tests show that the overall operation of the system is stable, and the data acquisition and tsunami wave recognition algorithms carried on it operate stably, with a data acquisition rate of 100%. The combination design of underwater induction coupling transmission and water surface redundant BeiDou communication device used in the system performed well. During the testing period, the data reception rate of the shore station data-receiving subsystem reached 100%, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed method. The data collection rate and data reception rate both reached 100%, which can ensure timely acquisition of data during the tsunami and release warning information as soon as possible, ensuring personnel safety and avoiding property damage.  
Compared with the novel tsunami monitoring buoys, traditional buoys are seriously affected by bad sea conditions, ship collision, human damage, and biological attachment because they float on the sea surface. The submerged buoy-type tsunami monitoring system designed in this article is submerged underwater and has good concealment and safety. On the other hand, the communication method of inductive coupling adopted in this study is more stable and reliable compared to the acoustic communication of traditional buoys. In addition, submerged beacons are easier to deploy, recover, and operate and maintain than  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**BuoyID** & **Mode** & **DateTime** & **AlarmDateTime** & **PressMM** \\ \hline
181 & 2 & 25 September 2020 15:03 & 25 September 2020 15:00 & 112,107 \\
181 & 2 & 25 September 2020 15:03 & 25 September 2020 15:00 & 112,106 \\
181 & 2 & 25 September 2020 1  
buoys. During sea trials, the test data show that the system design is safe and reliable, runs stably, and has the characteristics of convenient and reliable deployment, recycling, and operation, enriching the technical means in the field of tsunami monitoring.  
In future work, to further validate the stability and reliability of the system, the novel tsunami monitoring system designed herein will be validated at sea over a long period of time and compared with traditional tsunami buoy and seismic station measurements. In addition, sensors such as temperature, salinity, and seismometers can be added to moorings and submarine installations to obtain more data for ocean research while monitoring tsunamis.  
Conceptualization, B.Z. and X.Z.; data curation, X.W. and T.L.; experiment, Y.L., H.H. and J.C.; funding acquisition, T.L. and X.Z.; and investigation, B.Z. and H.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research is supported by the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (Grant No. ZDYF2023 GXJS151).  
Not applicable.