## 4 Discussion
In contrast, weaker participants reached their peak PAPE response sooner than their stronger counterparts [50]. Elevated muscle strength levels help to avoid fatigue, as well as is associated with better utility of fast-twitch fibers, which contribute the most to ballistic tasks such as jumps [7]. The study by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] and [PERSON] et al. [9] also state that individuals with greater muscular strength may benefit more after the PAPE protocol for enhancement in subsequent tasks. It is related to advanced neuromuscular adaptations and greater muscle fiber recruitment capabilities. Their heightened neuromuscular efficiency allows for more effective exploitation of the increased muscle readiness following CA stimuli [9; 51]. Enhanced force development rate and robust tendons can also contribute to the superior performance enhancements observed [13]. Also, baseline jump height or lower limb symmetry contributes positively to the magnitude of change. However, in a study by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [52], the group of RS and nRS had relatively similar results of baseline jumps; thus, in the mentioned study, other factors had meaning in CA effectiveness. Gym experience was another factor that seemed to be associated with the magnitude of change. Responders were more experienced. A study by [PERSON] et al. [53] also revealed that more experienced individuals were more responsive after CA in jump height enhancement. However, the mentioned factors could be associated with each other, though it can be suspected that more experienced individuals in training would possess greater muscular strength and be more powerful [54]. In terms of symmetry, PAPE literature does not provide many clear observations. However, it is generally recommended to avoid asymmetry in limbs due to decreased injury risk as well as elevated performance [55]. When both sides of the body contribute equally, the neuromuscular response to CA stimuli is more effective, leading to better performance enhancements [56]. Symmetry also promotes improved coordination and neuromuscular efficiency, essential for maximizing PAPE's benefits [57]. Additionally, maintaining symmetry helps distribute loads evenly, minimizing the risk of compensatory movements and injuries that could otherwise diminish the PAPE effect [51]. In our study, BMI negatively contributes to the magnitude of change. Indeed, morphological factors were also not often explored for PAPE contribution. BMI is not an ideal index because the tissue type in body mass is not considered, but the elevated value is often recognized negatively. However, it can be assumed that higher body mass (and therefore BMI) makes it more difficult to perform jumps due to the greater load required to move [58]. Individuals with a healthy BMI are likely to have an optimal balance of muscle and fat, which can enhance the neuromuscular response to high-intensity stimuli and maximize the PAPE effect [59]. Conversely, a high BMI, often associated with excess body fat, may hinder movement efficiency and neuromuscular function, reducing the effectiveness of PAPE [60]. We are aware that this study has some limitations. Firstly, more individuals in the analysis of responders and non-responders would provide more insight into the considered issue. More individual characteristics, such as muscle stiffness and the rate of force development ability would also deepen the analysis. Prolonging the measurement time could show the time with maintenance performance enhancement with greater accuracy. Also, other load reductions should be investigated to assess the optimal value for performance enhancement. Another factor that could be added is the consideration of sex differences; therefore, a study on the female group is required. On the other hand, this study has some strengths. It presented a relatively simple application protocol for acute performance enhancement, which constitutes high application value for practitioners.