## 1 Introduction  
In recent decades, metamaterials have received a lot of attention in the scientific community because of their extraordinary electromagnetic properties. In microwave engineering, metamaterials are used to build manmade dielectric electromagnetic waves [1] that are being controlled. The development of metamaterials is inextricably linked to the progress of manmade material design that interacts with microwave, radio, and optical frequency bands. The double negative (DNG) metamaterial is known as the negative index metamaterial (NIM); they are also sometimes referred to as left-handed metamaterials(LHM), which exhibit negative electric permittivity and negative magnetic permeability. In a particular frequency range, a metamaterial can act as a single negative metamaterial that shows only negative permittivity or negative permeability [2; 3]. These unusual features are not typically encountered in nature. Tweaking the metamaterial design can provide the electromagnetic field a large range of potentiality including the development of substrates [4], reconfigurable antennas [5], absorbers [6; 7; 8], microwave devices such as Wi-Fi, GPS [9], imaging [10], study of SAR reduction [11], metamaterial sensor [12], filter [13], perfect lens [14], perfect tunneling [15], optics [16; 17; 18], invisible cloaking [19], radar and satellite communication [20], information metamaterial [21], terahertz metamaterial [22; 23], programmable modulator [24]; these benefits afford metamaterials wide applicability in many fields. It is highly requested in many application fields to design the required system for high performance with better device compactness and higher bandwidth capacity. EMR refers to the design's compactness and effectiveness in long-distance communication systems, which can be added to the design's novelty. In this literature, recent progress on EMR-based metamaterial design is discussed. In 2017, a double C shape metamaterial was developed by [PERSON] et al. [25]. The frequency bands were S, C, and X-band, the dimension of that unit cell was \(12\times 12\) mm\({}^{2}\), and the EMR was 7.427. In the same year, [PERSON] et al. [26] reported a very compact size metamaterial design with a higher EMR of 11.5. The size of the reported open delta loops-based metamaterial was \(6\times 6\) mm\({}^{2}\). Another double L shape [27] metamaterial was designed two years later in 2019. The structure was \(10\times 10\) mm\({}^{2}\) in dimension and developed for long-distance, military, and satellite communication applications. The EMR of that proposed metamaterial was lower than the previous one of 3.9. In 2020, [PERSON] et al. [28] proposed a new inverse epsilon-shaped metamaterial unit cell that has a higher EMR of 12.61, where the unit cell was \(10\times 10\) mm\({}^{2}\) in dimension and the resonance frequencies were in the S, C, and X bands. The developed metamaterial was suggested for distance radar communication and satellite communication applications. In the same year, more research was established on the metamaterial unit cell EMR properties. [PERSON] et al. [29] developed a hook C-shaped metamaterial design with a higher EMR of 12.78. The compactness of that design also established the effective electric field characteristics under the S band. The dimension of that design was \(8\times 8\) mm\({}^{2}\) and the metamaterial was highly suggested for airport surveillance radar systems. In the same year, [PERSON] et al. [30] designed a new square circle shape metamaterial with the dimension of \(8\times 8\) mm\({}^{2}\). The metamaterial unit cell with a higher EMR of 14.3 presents its effectiveness and compactness for airport surveillance radar systems. In the following year, 2021, [PERSON] et al. [31] developed a compact-sized semi-circle-shaped meander-lines-based metamaterial unit cell that operates under S, C, X, and Ku bands. The EMR and the dimension of the unit cell were 15.1 and \(8\times 8\) mm\({}^{2}\) respectively.