# Shared Logistics--Literature Review
###### Abstract  
In the face of the energy crisis and the ever-increasing earth's temperature, one of the ways to deal with these two challenges is to make better use of the existing resources, decoupling, and the circular economy. The solution for the full use of resources is in sharing them, and also in logistics. We decided to review the existing research and concepts in the area of shared logistics to summarize where science is on this subject, what is already known, what is missing, and what is worth supplementing. This paper summarizes the scientific achievements in shared logistics in the 2017-2021 period. Our goal was to create a literature review that would serve as a benchmark for future researchers about what has been achieved and what has not been achieved on the topic, which approaches have already been tried, and what the results have been. For readers other than researchers, our review will provide an important context about where science and practice are in the area of shared logistics. Desk analysis, visual analysis, and benchmark datasets of approaches have been reviewed and discussed to show possible aspects of shared logistics and the advantages it offers to supply chains across many industries. Our analysis showed that the most commonly discussed topics in the area of shared logistics are modeling the potential of sharing in logistics, and digitalization of processes. The last popular topic among researchers is fleet sharing and shared packaging, as well as barriers to implementation and data security. Our paper is a summary of current knowledge on shared logistics, and it highlights areas that require further research. shared logistics; sharing logistics; literature review; vehicle load factor; joint distribution; cooperation among companies; peer-to-peer networking practices; non-standardized logistics processes +
Footnote †: journal: Accepted: 28 January 2023  
the diversity and complexity of logistics processes based on the idea of sharing. In this review, we structure and review the literature on shared logistics. Logistics operations are transforming on many fronts, including the incorporation of information technology into logistics operations, process automation, standardization of labeling, addressing, and packaging, as well as joint logistics operations. These processes require certain investments in research and development, as well as in IT tools, machines, vehicles, and other logistics infrastructure. Moreover, they also require expert knowledge and a qualified workforce. These elements can be subject to the process of sharing, either as single elements or holistic business services. At the same time, the concept of sustainable logistics and advances in research on horizontal cooperation in logistics for sustainable transport and logistics present new ideas in terms of cooperation in the business environment. Collaboration in supply chains takes place between independent organizations. Shared logistics is an effective way to increase the efficiency of logistics operations. In the field of procurement, joint purchasing may become a way to more efficient price/quality negotiations. In the era in which we are facing the scarcity of resources, the energy crisis, and the need to move from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, the way to use existing resources more effectively, to their total potential, is to share them. In terms of procurement, the joint use of production lines, packing lines, and production plants eliminates the need for expensive infrastructure investments. Joint distribution cannot only improve the load rate of freight vehicles and reduce logistic costs but also relieve traffic and reduce environmental pollution in the city. And finally, cooperation in the reverse logistics flows may include joint investments in recycling technologies or refurbishment plants. Therefore, shared logistics is set to eliminate high infrastructure costs, unnecessary emissions, and other issues of inefficiency in logistics processes.