## 2 Materials and Methods
### Data Interpretation
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Year**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Samples**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Positive**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**No. ASs**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Most Frequent ASs**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Range**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Oral LD\({}_{50}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Most Concentrated AS**} \\  & & **(\%)** & & **Identified** & **(Prevalence \%)** & **(mg/kg)** & **(mg/kg)** \({}^{\circ}\) & **(mg/kg)** \\ \hline
2015 & 68 & 41 & 20 & Fluvalinate (50) & 0.01–0.615 & \(>\)3000 & Permethrin 207.500 \\  & & & & Piperonyl butoxide (25) & 0.016–5.020 & \(>\)7500 & \\  & & & & Cypermethrin (14) & 0.130–76.02 & \(\leq\)250 & \\  & & & & Chlorpyrifos (14) & 0.011–5.612 & 135 & \\ \hline
2016 & 112 & 42 & 22 & Chlorpyrifos (26) & 0.021–16.888 & 135 & Permethrin 1346.65 \\  & & & & Permethrin (26) & 0.032– & \(\leq\)220 & \\  & & & & 1346.650 & \(\leq\)220 & \\  & & & & Tetramethrin (26) & 0.010– & \(>\)5000 & \\  & & & & Piperonyl butoxide (23) & 0.567– & \(>\)7500 & \\  & & & & Fluorsalinate (21) & 0.040–0.950 & \(>\)3000 & \\ \hline
2017 & 95 & 50 & 22 & Fluvalinate (42) & 0.010–10.180 & \(>\)3000 & Permethrin 30.03 \\  & & & & Chlorpyrifos (27) & 0.010–0.370 & 135 & \\  & & & & Methomyl (17) & 0.010–7.650 & 17 & \\ \hline
2018 & 85 & 74 & 36 & Fluvalinate (35) & 0.031–0.141 & \(>\)3000 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Dimethoate 16.474 \\ (LD\({}_{50}\) = c150) \\ \end{tabular} \\  & & & & Imidadcoprid (14) & 0.014–0.562 & 450 & \\  & & & Etofenprox (13) & 0.013–0.035 & \(>\)10,000 & \\  & & & Methiocarb (13) & 0.010–0.465 & 20 & \\ \hline
2019 & 147 & 43 & 34 & Fluvalinate (46) & 0.011–5.148 & \(>\)3000 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Tetramethrin \\ 15.043 \\ \end{tabular} \\  & & & & Imidadcoprid (14) & 0.012–40.260 & 450 & \\  & & & Chlorpyrifos-methyl & 0.022–1.078 & \(>\)3000 & \\ \hline
2020 & 113 & 44 & 35 & Fluvalinate (32) & 0.010–0.399 & \(>\)3000 & Permethrin 80.68 \\  & & & & Etofenprox (22) & 0.013–0.045 & \(>\)10,000 & \\  & & & Chlorpyrifos-methyl & 0.023–0.490 & \(>\)3000 & \\  & & & & Permethrin (12) & 0.020–80.680 & c220 & \\  & & & Piperonyl butoxide (12) & 0.010–39.980 & \(>\)7500 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
AS = active substances; \({}^{\circ}\) tested in rat.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Summary of honey bee samples collected from bee-killing incidents analyzed between 2015 and 2020. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Year**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**No. of**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Matrix**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Positive**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**No. ASs**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Most Frequent ASs**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Range**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Oral LD\({}_{50}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Most Concentrated AS**} \\  & & & **(\%)** & & **Identified** & **(Prevalence \%)** & **(mg/kg)** & **(mg/kg)** \({}^{\circ}\) & **(mg/kg)** \\ \hline
2015 & 18 & & 67 & 12 & tau-fluvalinate (83) & 0.038–2.29 & \(>\)3000 & tau-fluvalinate 2.29 \\  & 15 & comb & 67 & 10 & tau-fluvalinate (100) & 0.038–2.29 & \(>\)3000 & \\  & 1 & honey & 100 & 2 & - & & \\  & 2 & vegetable & 50 & 3 & - & & \\ \hline
2016 & 39 & & 56 & 15 & tau-fluvalinate (46) & 0.10–0.96 & \(>\)3000 &
\begin{tabular}{c} propomacarb 3.58 \\ (LD\({}_{50}\) = 8600) \\ \end{tabular} \\  & & & & & metalaxyl/permethrin & 0.015– & 670/c220 & \\  & 28 & comb & 54 & 7 & tau-fluvalinate (67) & 0.10–0.96 & \(>\)3000 & \\  & 3 & bomb & 67 & 1 & metalaxyl/100 & 0.015–0.016 & 670 \\  & 3 & honey & 0 & 0 & - & & \\  & 5 & vegetable & 60 & 6 & - & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Summary of other matrices collected from bee-killing incidents analyzed between 2015 and 2020.