# Participatory Exhibition-Viewing Using Augmented Reality and Analysis of Visitor Behavior
## 6 Conclusions  
This study has achieved significant innovations by applying AR technology in the realm of exhibition viewing, particularly in participatory interaction. Through the development of the AR application \"Wander Into Our Sea\", we have not only enriched the experience of the 2022 Greater Taipei Biennial of Contemporary Art but also explored the potential of AR technology in enhancing the interactivity of exhibitions. Our findings indicate that despite not limiting the ways and sequences in which AR content was viewed, there was no significant difference in the duration of viewing or distance covered between the exhibition-viewing mode and message mode. This suggests that the introduction of AR technology did not fundamentally alter the basic patterns of audience behavior in exhibitions. However, the more dispersed paths in the message mode demonstrate the higher degree of freedom enjoyed by audiences in participatory experiences, highlighting the importance of participatory AR experiences in enhancing the interaction and engagement within exhibition spaces. Looking to the future, the potential for AR technology in cultural and educational venues, such as museums and exhibitions, is immense. Our study lays a solid foundation for further exploration in this field. Future work could focus on integrating richer interactive elements, such as audio or tactile feedback, to further enrich the sensory experiences of audiences. Additionally, combining AR technology with emerging technologies like virtual reality (VR) or the Internet of Things (IoT) could open new possibilities for creating more immersive and interactive exhibition experiences. However, we recognize that ensuring optimal AR viewing experiences for all visitors remains a challenge due to variations in smartphone hardware and environmental factors. Future research will need to consider these variables in design to ensure a seamless and inclusive experience for all visitors. Our study highlights the immense potential of AR technology as a tool in enhancing exhibition participation. It provides a model for future research and development in the field of AR technology, aimed at bringing richer, more interactive, and educational experiences to exhibition visitors. Conceptualization, C.-IL. ; methodology, C.-IL. ; software, C.-IL., B.C. and Y.-H.P. ; validation, C.-IL., B.C. and Y.-H.P. ; formal analysis, C.-IL. ; investigation, Y.-H.P. ; resources, C.-IL. ; data curation, C.-IL. ; writing--original draft preparation, C.-IL. ; writing--review and editing, C.-IL. ; visualization, Y.-H.P. ; supervision, C.-IL. ; project administration, C.-IL. ; funding acquisition, C.-IL. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan (NTSC), grant number NTSC 111-2410-H-144-006 and NTSC 112-2410-H-144-004. All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by The Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan University (protocol code: 202205 ES129 and date of approval: 1 July 2022). Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Data Availability Statement: Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. This data can be found here: [[https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1) QWFjcCNTjopr-b5 xP1Z4 nqVNbgBuzXZ8?usp=sharing]([https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1) QWFjcCNTjopr-b5 xP1Z4 nqVNbgBuzXZ8?usp=sharing) (accessed on 7 April 2024). This research was supported in part by the National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan, National Taiwan University of Arts, Yo-Chang Art Museum, and NTUA Experimental Game Lab. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.