# Mind Mapping Training's Effects on Divergent Thinking Skills: Detection Based on EEG Data
## 2 Related Studies  
Divergent thinking is crucial for generating a variety of alternative solutions or viewpoints during task completion [22]. It involves the development of interconnected ideas related to a specific topic or problem, helping individuals create a wide range of solutions [23, 24]. Divergent thinking focuses on seeking answers from various angles [25, 26, 27]. When engaged, divergent thinking sparks inspiration [28, 29]. In the translation process, effectively applying divergent thinking encourages translators to explore the best translation options from multiple dimensions and perspectives [30]. The core feature of translational thinking is bilingual cognition, which involves both understanding the source language and accurately conveying its meaning into the target language. This requires a mode of transformative thinking that is flexible and involves the interaction, integration, and transformation of both source and target language cognition [31]. Translation is a dynamic and adaptable process that goes beyond simply transferring meaning from the source language to another. The effective use of divergent thinking in translation requires not only a deep understanding of the original text but also the ability to expand and transform the meaning of the source language [32]. This allows for the creative re-expression of the text in the target language, resulting in a natural, fluent, concise, and easily comprehensible translation [33]. To summarize, divergent thinking plays a crucial role in the translation process, and it is essential to implement teaching strategies that cultivate students' divergent thinking skills. A mind map is a diagram that illustrates the relationships between words, ideas, and other elements linked to and arranged around a central concept [19]. Using lines, symbols, text, colors, and graphic elements, a mind map serves as a powerful tool for thinking, presenting students' thought processes and outcomes in an intuitive and visual way. It offers a comprehensive perspective, helping students see both the \"forest\" and the \"trees\", thereby facilitating the visualization of information and the development of ideas [18]. Its distinctive radial structure promotes divergent thinking by encouraging long-distance associations and stimulating creativity. Mind mapping aids students in connecting ideas, developing divergent thinking skills, and realizing their potential. By incorporating images, this associative tool boosts the likelihood of generating creative ideas [17]. It also improves memory, learning, and creative thinking abilities [34]. Integrating mind mapping into translation instruction is an effective method for nurturing students' divergent thinking skills. This externalization of divergent thinking may reflect the brain's natural processes, encouraging students to explore the possibilities within a given subject and freeing their imagination. However, while the theoretical role of mind mapping in fostering divergent thinking is widely acknowledged, experimental evidence remains limited. Recent advances in electroencephalogram (EEG) technology and brain functional imaging have provided strong technical support for exploring cognitive neural mechanisms [35; 36; 37]. EEGs remain one of the most effective tools for identifying and analyzing cognitive processes [38]. Divergent thinking, being a dynamic and flexible cognitive process, can be captured and analyzed through EEG experiments. Many researchers have used EEG data to study the brain regions involved in tasks requiring divergent thinking. Most of these studies have shown that divergent thinking arises from the interaction of multiple brain regions, revealing both commonalities and differences in the key brain areas engaged during specific tasks [39; 40]. [PERSON] (2005) proposed a three-factor model of brain anatomy, highlighting that divergent thinking emerges from the interconnected functional network involving the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and limbic region [41].