# The Potential of Blockchain Technology and Smart Contracts in the Energy Sector: A Review
## 3 Research Methodology and Literature Classification
### Literature Classification
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**No** & **Papers—Studies Titles** & **Year** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Smart** \\ **Contract** \\ **Technology** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Energy** \\ **Market and** \\ **Regulations** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Energy** \\ **Management** \\ **and** \\ **Operations** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Business** \\ **Models and** \\ **Applications** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
14. & Energy Trading Web Platform Based on the & & & & & \\  & Ethereum Smart Contracts and Blockchain [39] & 2020 & X & & & X \\
15. & Study of blockchain based smart grid for energy & 2021 & & & X & \\  & optimization [40] & 2020 & X & & & X \\
16 & Energy trading in microgrids using blockchain & 2020 & X & & & X \\  & technology [41] & 2020 & X & & & X \\  & A secure and decentralized blockchain based EV & & & & & \\
17. & energy trading model using smart contract in V2G & 2021 & X & & & X \\  & network [42] & 2020 & X & & & \\
18. & Challenges and opportunities of Blockchain & 2020 & X & X & & \\  & technology in the energy sector [43] & 2020 & X & & & \\
19. & Securing smart grid communication using & 2020 & X & & & \\  & Ethereum smart contracts [44] & 2020 & X & & & \\  & Demystifying distributed ledger technologies: & 2020 & Limits, challenges, and potentials in the energy sector [45] & 2020 & & X \\
20. & Blockchain based trading platform for electric & 2020 & & & & X \\  & vehicle charging in smart cities [46] & 2020 & & & & X \\
21. & Smart contract formation enabling & 2022 & & & & X \\  & energy-as-a-service in a virtual power plant [47] & 2021 & X & & & X \\
23. & Smart contract for distributed energy trading in virtual power plants based on blockchain [48] & 2021 & X & & & X \\  & Distributed framework via block-chain smart & 2020 & X & & & X \\
24. & contracts for smart grid systems against cyber-attacks [49] & 2020 & X & & & \\  & Integrating blockchain technology into the energy & 2020 & X & & & \\
25. & sector—from theory of blockchain to research and application of energy blockchain [50] & 2020 & & & & X \\
26. & Design of integrated energy market cloud service & 2022 & & & & \\  & platform based on blockchain smart contract [51] & 2020 & & & & X \\  & Hedging Volumetric Risks of Solar Power & 2022 & & & & \\
27. & Producers Using Weather Derivative Smart Contracts on a Blockchain Marketplace [52] & 2021 & X & & & \\  & A Taxonomy of the Risks and Challenges of & 2022 & X & & & X \\
28. & Embracing Blockchain Smart Contracts in Facilitating Renewable Electricity Transactions [53] & 2020 & X & & & X \\
29. & Application possibilities of blockchain technology in the energy sector [54] & 2020 & & & X \\
30. & IoT and blockchain based peer to peer energy trading pilot platform [55] & 2020 & & & X \\  & Automated scheduling approach under smart & 2021 & X & & & X \\
31. & contract for remote wind farms with power-to-gas systems in multiple energy markets [56] & 2021 & X & & \\
32. & Smart Contract Development for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading [57] & 2022 & & & & X \\
33. & Joulin: Blockchain-based p2p energy trading using smart contracts [58] & 2020 & & & X \\
34. & A survey on blockchain-enabled smart grids: Advances, applications and challenges [59] & 2021 & X & & \\
35. & Smart contract for electricity transactions and charge settlements using blockchain [60] & 2021 & X & & X \\
36. & FederatedGrids: Federated learning and blockchain-assisted p2p energy sharing [61] & 2022 & X & & & X \\ Smart Contracts for Households Managed by & 2022 & & & & & X \\
37. & Smart Meter Equipped with Blockchain and Chain [62] & 2021 & X & & & \\  & Application of blockchain and smart contract to ensure temper-proof data availability for energy supply chain [63] & 2020 & X & & & \\
38. & Setup of a local P2P electric energy market based on a smart contract blockchain technology [64] & 2020 & X & & & X \\
40. & Modeling of smart contracts in blockchain solution for renewable energy grid [65] & **Total:** & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}