# Evaluation of Operator and Patient Doses after Irradiation with Handheld X-ray Devices
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**NOMAD Pro 2 TM**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Rextar X**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Diox 602**} \\ \hline  & & **C** & **P** & **R** & **C** & **P** & **R** & **C** & **P** & **R** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Gonal} & with protection & 11.2 & 17.5 & 12.3 & 8.5 & 12.7 & 7.3 & 14.8 & 13.4 & 13.5 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 26.8 & 24.4 & 18.3 & 14.2 & 13.2 & 19.7 & 25.3 & 21.8 & 22.5 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Thyroid} & with protection & 11.3 & 15.5 & 12.4 & 10.2 & 9.5 & 7.8 & 15.1 & 17.5 & 15.7 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 30.5 & 26.7 & 21.5 & 17.7 & 17.6 & 19.3 & 20.5 & 21.5 & 20.5 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Right eye} & with protection & 11.5 & 9.8 & 13.1 & 9.6 & 7.8 & 7.8 & 16.4 & 17.3 & 13.2 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 31.9 & 25.8 & 17.8 & 13.5 & 22.5 & 17.3 & 25.7 & 22.1 & 20.6 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Left eye} & with protection & 11.3 & 11.6 & 13.5 & 10.6 & 11.2 & 12.6 & 12.9 & 14.4 & 13.5 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 27.8 & 25.9 & 18.4 & 12.4 & 15.3 & 17.5 & 27.9 & 20.7 & 17.5 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Right hand} & with protection & 11.5 & 14.9 & 12.4 & 11.5 & 8.8 & 7.8 & 18.5 & 18.6 & 17.6 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 25.3 & 23.6 & 19.5 & 119.4 & 111.6 & 115.5 & 49.9 & 57.3 & 42.6 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Left hand} & with protection & 11.6 & 12.5 & 16.7 & 8.9 & 10.2 & 8.6 & 21.3 & 16.5 & 18.4 \\ \cline{2-10}  & & 35.6 & 28.3 & 19.5 & 12.1 & 12.4 & 9.7 & 71.7 & 62.5 & 46.1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Organ absorption dose averages (\(\upmu\)Gy) after irradiation (mannequin). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Gonal** & **Thyroid** & **Right Eye** & **Left Eye** & **Right Hand** & **Left Hand** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{C} & \(N=D>RX\) & \(N=D\), \(RX=D,N>RX\) & \(N=D>RX\) & \(RX=D>N\) & \(D>N\), \(N=RX\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{P} & \(N=D>RX\) & \(N=D>RX\) & \(N=RX=D\) & \(N=D>RX\) & \(RX=D>N\) & \(D>N\), \(N=RX\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{R} & \(N=RX\), \(N=D>RX\) & \(N=D>RX\) & \(D>N=RX\) & \(N=RX=D\) & \(RX=D>N\) & \(D>N\), \(N=RX\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{C: conventional, P: phosphor, R: RVG; NOMAD Pro 2 TM; N, REXTAR X: RX, DIOX 602: D.} \\ \cline{2-6}  & & & & & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Pairwise comparisons for the regions (\(p<0.05\)) (mannequin). The highest value for the left eye area was 27.9 \(\upmu\)Gy in the unprotected C irradiation with Diox 602, and the lowest value was 10.6 \(\upmu\)Gy in the protected F irradiation with Rextar X. There is no statistically significant difference between devices N and D in C and P irradiation for the left eye region. Device RX produced a statistically lower radiation dose than devices N and D. There is no statistically significant difference between the three devices in R irradiation (Table 3). The highest value for the right-hand region was 119.4 \(\upmu\)Gy in the unprotected C irradiation with Rextar X, and the lowest value was 7.8 \(\upmu\)Gy in the protected D irradiation with Rextar X. There is no statistically significant difference between devices RX and D in C, P and R irradiation for the right-hand region. Device N produced a statistically lower radiation dose than devices RX and D (Table 3). The highest value for the left-hand region was 71.7 \(\upmu\)Gy in the unprotected C irradiation with Diox 602, and the lowest value was 8.6 \(\upmu\)Gy in the protected D irradiation with Rextar X. There is no statistically significant difference between devices N and RX in C, P and R irradiation for the left-hand region. Device D produced a statistically higher radiation dose than devices N and RX (Table 3). A statistically significant difference was found between protected and unprotected irradiation at all dose levels in all regions. The total doses of the organs on the phantom head selected for the study were recorded after irradiation.