## 3 Results and Discussion
### In Vitro Evaluation Results  
To validate the findings from the docking and molecular dynamics simulations, lettuce seeds were exposed to FCF, Hap-H3 750, and Hap-FCF for 30 days to gather experimental data on the effects of these materials on plant growth. Table 4 summarizes the in vitro growth results for lettuce plants (_Lactuca sativa_) at 10, 20, and 30 days: (a) control (distilled water) and seeds treated with (b) FCF, (c) Hap-H3 750, and (d) Hap-FCF. The initial growth observed in the seeds is attributed to the nutrient content of the cotyledons, which explains the lack of significant changes during the first few days as germination primarily depends on the seed's internal reserves ([PERSON], 1998) [43]. Seeds in the control and FCF treatments germinated on day 8, while those treated with Hap-H3 750 germinated on day 7, and seeds treated with Hap-FCF germinated on day 6, making Hap-FCF the treatment with the fastest germination rate. A two-way ANOVA and a post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test were performed. The asterisks in Figure 10 indicate statistically significant differences (* \(p<0.05\)) compared to the control within each time group. At day 10, only the Hap-FCF treatment showed a significant difference relative to the control. At days 20 and 30, all treatments demonstrated a statistically significant increase in stem growth compared to the control, highlighting that the treatments containing forchlorfenuron and hydroxyapatite, especially Hap-FCF, promote plant growth. The statistical analysis supports that FCF, Hap-H3 750, and the composite Hap-FCF significantly enhance stem length. Characterization of the Hap-FCF composite confirms the effective interaction between the two components without new phase formation (XRD). As evidenced by statistical data, TEM analysis indicates increased needle-like structures with reduced crystallinity, contributing to the material's efficacy. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Day** & **Control** & **FCF** & **HAP-H3 750** & **Hap-FCF** \\ \hline
**0** & **0.5 cm** & **0.5 cm** & **0.5 cm** \\ \hline
**10** & **10** & **1 cm** & **1 cm** \\ \hline
**20** & **1 cm** & **1 cm** & **1 cm** \\ \hline
**30** & **1 cm** & **1 cm** & **1 cm** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Growth assessment of lettuce plants at 10, 20, and 30 days treated with: (a) control, (b) FCF, (c) Hap-H3 750, and (d) Hap-FCF. Figure 11 depicts stem growth at day 30; where the control showed an elongation of 14 mm, FCF-treated plants reached 22 mm, Hap-H3 750-treated plants reached 35 mm, and Hap-FCF-treated plants reached 49 mm. Plants treated with FCF, Hap-H3 750, and Hap-FCF exhibited more significant stem thickening than the control, with an increase of 15-20%. The findings indicate that Hap-H3 750 and Hap-FCF treatments significantly promote stem growth, increasing stem length by 275-330% relative to the control. In vitro growth studies with butterhead lettuce demonstrate a cooperative effect between FCF and Hap treatments on stem cell development. This supports the relevance of molecular dynamics (MD) studies, as FCF exhibits effects akin to gibberellic acid (GA3), which accelerates germination and root and stem elongation, as shown in Figure 11. These results align with the docking and MD simulations, suggesting that Hap-FCF can function as a plant growth stimulator like gibberellins. The findings confirm that the gibberell receptor (GA3 Ox2) is effectively stimulated by FCF, with the Hap-FCF composite showing even greater stimulation, as demonstrated by the RMSD analysis (Figure 8a), which indicates the strong stability of FCF with the receptor compared to the reference ligand (GA3). Figure 11: Stem length of fertilized lettuce plants after 30 days of growth: (**a**) control, (**b**) FCF, (**c**) Hap-H3 750, and (**d**) Hap-FCF. Figure 10: Stem length of Lactuca sativa at 10, 20, and 30 days of growth. Control (black), FCF (red), Hap-H3 750 (blue), and Hap-FCF (green). Bars represent mean and standard error (SE).