## 12 Discussion  
The integration of 3D printing into the design and manufacture of robotic prostheses represents a significant advance in medical technology, offering a number of benefits that transform both the clinical and social spheres. This discussion explores the implications of these advances, analyzing the impact on the accessibility, customization, and functionality of prostheses, and addressing the challenges that still persist in this field.  
One of the greatest achievements of 3D printing in the field of robotic prosthetics has been the reduction of costs and the democratization of access to personalized devices. Traditional, often prohibitively expensive, prosthetics have been replaced by 3D-printed alternatives that offer an economical solution without compromising quality. This has been particularly beneficial for populations in developing countries and for families with limited resources. The ability to manufacture prostheses at a low cost has allowed organizations such as e-NABLE to provide functional devices to a greater number of people, contributing to a significant improvement in quality of life [14].  
However, cost reduction is not the only factor at play. The ability to customize prostheses to fit the user's individual needs is another crucial aspect. This customization not only improves the comfort and functionality of the prostheses, but also allows for a more precise fit and better performance in the wearer's daily life [10]. Three-dimensional printing facilitates this level of customization through the use of 3D scans and digital modeling, resulting in devices that more precisely match the patient's anatomical features [15].  
Continuous development in materials and impression techniques has expanded the capabilities of robotic prosthetics. Advanced materials and multidimensional printing techniques make it possible to create prostheses with improved properties, such as greater strength, flexibility, and adaptability. Four-dimensional printing, where materials respond to external stimuli, opens up new possibilities for the design of prostheses that adapt to changing environmental conditions.  
The integration of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and brain-computer interfaces, promises to take the functionality of robotic prosthetics to an even higher level. AI algorithms can improve the control of prostheses by interpreting myoelectric signals more accurately, while advanced neural interfaces could allow for more intuitive and natural control. These innovations have the potential to deliver a more natural and efficient user experience, moving ever closer to full integration with the user's neuromuscular system.  
Despite significant advances, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to maximize the impact of 3D-printed robotic prosthetics. One of the main challenges is global standardization and regulation. The lack of a unified regulatory framework can lead to inconsistencies in the quality and safety of prostheses. The creation of global standards and the implementation of clear regulations are essential to ensure that prostheses are safe and effective.  
In addition, although 3D printing has reduced costs, the infrastructure for the manufacture and distribution of prosthetics remains limited in many regions. The global expansion of technology and access to resources are crucial to ensure that the benefits of robotic prosthetics reach the communities most in need. Collaboration between governments, international organizations, and businesses will be critical to overcoming these barriers and improving accessibility.  
Finally, the adaptation of prostheses to the changing needs of the user and to environmental conditions remains an active area of research. The development of prostheses that can be dynamically adjusted and adapted to different situations will represent an important advance in the functionality and usefulness of these devices.