## 1 Introduction  
Long-term and intensive underground mining activity in China creates space, lowering the groundwater level of the area and contributing to the surface subsidence of the mining area. Mining subsidence, a common mining-induced hazard, can lead to geological and ecological environment issues, such as farmland degradation and house or infrastructure destruction [1, 2, 3]. On the other hand, similar to landslide and earthquake hazards, mining-induced disasters are difficult to monitor and control in real time. Consequently, mining-induced deformation analysis (MIDA), which provides early warning information about these damages, is becoming an extremely important aspect of mining activities. MIDA aims to observe the impacted range intuitively and to produce quantitative assessment results of the ground objects caused by underground coal mining. To this end, MIDA-related applications based on Geographic Information Systems (GISs) is commonly used for this work [4]. A GIS is a comprehensive framework that is used to capture, store, query, analyze, and display spatial data in various applications [4]. Several studies have been reported to assess mine subsidence damages from different perspectives. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [5] developed an integrated system based on an ArcGIS platform to predict subsidence due to underground mining. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [6] studied building damage assessment in mining surfaces based on building strength and terrain deformation predictedby the subsidence computation model (Polish model) in a GIS environment. [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) took a self-burning coal waste pile as a research object to monitor the temperature variations by producing dynamic maps based on a GIS open-source environment--GIS-ECOAL. However, the above MIDA systems were generally used as standalone and desktop-based applications and thus are limited in data-sharing and multi-source data integration and data processing. In order to ensure high efficiency, the web-based GIS technology (webGIS) can be used to analyze the involved data effectively. The construction of the webGIS breaks through the visualization and analysis means based on data and the web and helps people to plan, make decisions, and complete many kinds of collaborative work [PERSON] et al. (2018). Specifically, the webGIS uses the Internet to express GIS-related functions reasonably and overcomes the limitation of the GIS functions related to local area networks. Therefore, the method has a wide range of applications. In recent years, webGISs have developed rapidly, and many representative studies have emerged, such as Bing and Google Maps Bing and Google Maps (2018). The system represents the description of geographic information in graphic form and has developed into a network computer with good ability and good performance. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) created a susceptibility map of contamination in the areas surrounding the self-burning coal waste pile using an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy AHP approaches and further developed a webGIS application incorporating all the needed information in a GIS environment. [PERSON] et al. [PERSON] et al. (2018) constructed the Trace Elements in Chinese Coals Database Management System (TECC) and analyzed the spatial distribution of harmful trace elements by applying spatial data algorithms and the visual technology of the webGIS. The existing webGIS-based MIDA systems discussed above usually exploited 2D data, i.e., raster data with time series remote sensing images or various observed computer-aided design (CAD)-based vector data, to express spatial information. However, because MIDA results feature multi-variable, high-dimensional, and time-varying elements, it is a great challenge for non-professional personnel to analyze and apply these 2D-based MIDA system results.