## 4 Results
### Mood and Psychological Outcomes  
Of the twenty-one studies identified by our search strategy, four investigated the relationship between indoor lighting conditions and mood-related factors. These studies utilized four different assessments to evaluate mood and psychological outcomes (see Table 5). Current evidence suggests that lighting conditions can have significant effects on mood and psychological outcomes, and the use of appropriate lighting levels, color temperatures, and lighting strategies may contribute to improved mood, enhanced cognitive performance, and increased well-being [4; 25; 55; 60]. This assumption was addressed in one study that \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{42.7 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Category** & **Ref.** & **Setting** & **Participants** & **Study Design** & **Intervention** & **Mediating Factor** & **Level** \\ \hline
**Sleep Quality** & [32] & Nursing home & Nursing home residents (58 women, 19 men) & Norms & Randomized & Evening bright light, monthly light light, & Lighting intensity, timing & 2 \\  & & & & & bright light, & & \\  & & & & daytime sleep restriction, evening dim red light & & & \\  & [56] & Intensive care units & Patients (\(n=19\)) & Descriptive correlations & Cyclied lighting environment studies & Lighting intensity, timing, wavelength & 3a \\  & [25] & Patients’ room & Cardiology ward patients (\(n=196\)) & Controlled clinical trial & Dynamic lighting system & Lighting intensity & 3a \\  & [55] & Patients’ room & Psychiatric patients (\(n=54\)) & Randomized controlled controlled trial & Adjustable lighting & Lighting intensity, CCT, wavelength & 2 \\  & [6] & Patients’ room & Healthy people (\(n=12\)) & Randomized controlled trial & Dynamic lighting system & Blue-depleted light & 2 \\  & [66] & Patients’ room & Psychiatric patients & Randomized controlled trial & Dynamic lighting system & Blue-depleted light & 2 \\  & & room & & & trial & & \\
**Sleep- wake Patterns** & [64] & Patients’ room & Dementia patients (\(n=13\)) & Pilot study, observations & Biodynamic lighting system & Lighting intensity, CCT & 3a \\  & [60] & Patients’ room & Medical inpatients & Correlational study or non-experimental & Dynamic lighting system & Lighting intensity & 2 \\  & & & & (women = 23; men = 17) & study & & \\
**Duration** & [64] & Patients’ room & Dementia patients (\(n=13\)) & Pilot study, observations & Biodynamic lighting system & Lighting intensity, CCT & 3a \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Thematic analysis of reviewed papers: sleep-related health outcomes. investigated the effects of rechargeable, blue-depleted, and proximity-sensing lighting systems on health outcomes in a hospital setting. As a result of comparing the three lighting systems with overhead lights at night, it was determined which one provided wireless task lighting more effectively and could minimize disruption to patients overnight. In hospital settings rich in blue-wavelength emission, typical hospital lighting might disrupt the circadian rhythms of patients at night. In an intervention, healthcare providers avoided overhead patient room lighting and used physiologically neutral lighting instead. Among 33 nurses surveyed, high satisfaction scores were obtained, and the lighting pods were perceived as providing adequate lighting for overnight care. Additionally, the lighting intervention led to a median improvement in hospital anxiety and depression scale scores for patients [23]. It is worth noting that while many studies have suggested positive effects of lighting conditions on mood and psychological outcomes, there is also some conflicting evidence. One study used the Profile of Mood States Brief(tm) form to assess daily mood of medical inpatients.