## 5 Results
### Coverage Analysis
To select the density of the nodes, the farmer will consider the environmental parameters (soil proprieties, homogeneity of the terrain, and past climate events), culture parameters (crop resilience, irrigation requirements, and susceptibility to specific diseases or pests among others), and economic constraints (benefits of the crops and the required investment). Therefore, and to facilitate the comprehension of the results section, we detail the included parameters and their range in our model in Table 3. In Table 3, we describe if the parameter is considered as a fixed parameter or not, which indicates whether this parameter is previously defined by the scenario or not. The defined parameters are the node density, the flying parameters (velocity and height), and the required time for communication. Furthermore, we have detailed the calculated parameters in our model based on the abovementioned variables. Now, we are going to analyze the results of applying the equations to calculate the time in coverage for different scenarios. The time in coverage of a node placed on the soil when the drone is moving at 20 m/s can be seen in Figure 9. The higher the _dc_, the higher the time in coverage. The maximum time in coverage is 20 s in the case of _dc_ = 200 m. The _fh_ has a relatively low impact in the time in coverage for gateways with _dc_ values of 150 to 200 m. The increase of _fh_ from 0 to 100 m reduces the time in coverage of less than 25%. For the drone with a _dc_ of a 25 m event with the lower _fh_, the time in coverage is only 4 s, which makes the correct establishment of the communication and the data sending difficult. Thus, assuming this minimum time for establishing the connection, at _fw_ of 20 m/s, the gateways with a _dc_ of 25 m cannot be used, no matter their _fh_. When the used gateway has a _dc_ of 50 m, the maximum possible _fh_ is 39 m. For _dc_ values of 75 and 100 m, they can be used with _fh_ values from 4 to 64 m and 4 to 89 m, respectively. Following, the time in coverage for _fw_ = 15 m/s is presented in Figure 10. Compared with Figure 9, as the drone is moving slowly, the time in coverage increases. The highest time in coverage for this scenario is 27 s, which is 7 s more than in the previous case. For the minimum _dc_, the time in coverage when the _fh_ is the lesser is the same as in the previous case, 4 s. For this combination of _dc_ and _fh_, the decrease of _fw_ does not produce a relevant change in the time in coverage. Thus, with a _dc_ of 25 m, the communication with this velocity is not possible, no matter the _fh_. For the other _dc_ (50 to 100 m), the maximum _fh_ offers enough time in coverage to ensure that the communication increases from 34 to 39 m (_dc_ = 50 m), from 64 to 69 m (_DC_ = 75 m), and from 89 to 94 m (_dc_ = 100 m). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Parameter** & **Fixed Parameter** & **Acronym** & **Units** & **Range** \\ \hline Flying height & Yes & _fh_ & (m) & 4 to 104 \\ \hline Flying velocity & Yes & _fw_ & (m/s) & 1 to 20 \\ \hline Drone coverage & No & _dc_ & (m) & 25 to 200 \\ \hline Node density & Yes & nd & (nodes/m\({}^{2}\)) & 60 to 5000 \\ \hline Time in coverage & No & - & (s) & Calculated \\ \hline Required time for communication & Yes & - & (s) & 5 \\ \hline Nodes in coverage & No & - & (nodes) & Calculated \\ \hline Connection feasibility & No & - & No Units & Calculated \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Parameters included in our model. Figure 9: Time in coverage when a drone flies at 20 m/s and different _dc_. The results of time in coverage when the drone flies at 10 m/s can be seen in Figure 11. In this case, the maximum time in coverage is 40 s. On the other hand, form the minimum _dc_ and _fh_, the time in coverage is 5 s and can be used for receiving data from one node.