# A Tertiary Study for Process Mining
## 3 Results--Findings
### Data Synthesis
#### 3.1.1 RQ1: Which Research Areas Are Addressed by SMSs/SLRs in Process Mining?
S5 includes primary studies that use PM for conformance verification of healthcare processes and is mostly focused on tools applying PM techniques in an intensive care unit. No thematic analysis or classification of the studies is included in S5. On the other hand, S6 reviews the PM literature, focusing on studies in healthcare, and discusses the main challenges and the trends in objective, type, perspective, algorithms and tools, medical facilities, medical fields, medical process types, medical data, and pre-processing. Although S7 is also presented in the healthcare area, it is mostly focused on oncology as it investigates the PM of the eHealth records of cancer patients. It performs a thematic review, identifying some key themes such as process and data types, research questions, techniques/perspectives and tools, methodologies and limitations, and future work. The thematic areas of S1, S6, and S7 vary, indicating that the field is very broad; thus, there is room for different research focusing on various aspects. S9 is a literature review of the usage of PM in healthcare. The main analysis aspects (process and data types, frequently posed questions, PM techniques, perspectives and tools, methodologies, implementation and analysis strategies, geographical analysis, and medical fields) cover most of the areas addressed by studies S1, S5, S6, and S7. In addition, S9 also lists the most frequently used categories and areas for future research. S21 evaluates the use of PM in healthcare while focusing on similar characteristics as the ones mentioned for S9. Specifically, the strategy and algorithm used, the location used, and the main contributions for the identified application are investigated by the research questions. Similarly, S22 identifies the PM algorithms, techniques, tools, methodologies, and approaches used in PM research in the healthcare domain. Finally, one of the latest studies in the area, S23, considers three novel review dimensions (the PM project stages, the involvement of domain expertise, and the KPIs considered during the PM analysis). The authors highlight the evolution of research in this field by considering time trends within the review dimensions. Agile software development: S10 and S15 are focused on agile software development. They both investigate the usage areas of PM in agile software development based on algorithms, data sources, data collection mechanisms, and the analysis techniques and tools used. In addition, S15 classifies the proposed approaches in agile software development methodologies that use PM based on venues, tools, PM areas, and evaluation metrics. Cybersecurity: Two studies (S17 and S24) address PM in the cybersecurity domain. S17 summarizes the related published studies and identifies the existing efforts on methods, datasets, tools, and frameworks. On the other hand, S24 focuses on the potential of PM to aid in cybersecurity and software reliability. The authors collect existing process mining applications and discuss current and future trends. Industrial applications: S13 is the only study analyzing the application of PM techniques in relation to the industrial context. The authors extract data concerning the software tools, algorithms, and techniques used for PM and they acknowledge that healthcare is the most applicable industrial domain for PM. Cloud-based applications: The authors in S14 examine the applicability of PM techniques to cloud-based applications. Their discussion reports on algorithms, tools, verification approaches taken, and cloud-specific challenges. Software engineering: S20 is the only study in the software engineering domain and the second of the two studies with the highest quality score (4.5 out of 5) included in this research. It was published as a conference paper. The authors present state-of-the-art PM research in software engineering, focusing on characterizing the most complex software processes.