## 4 Simulations  
### Simulation Parameters and Simulation Process  
The simulation adopts the Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) to test in the real environment and to evaluate the experimental performance of the FCNS routing algorithm. There are different mobile models that are adopted to depict the moving trajectory and to analyze the state of the network in the ONE. Additionally, in our work, the FCNS routing algorithm will be compared with other four algorithms: Spray and Wait [30], Epidemic [31], EIMST (Effective Information Transmission Based on Socialization Nodes) [2], and ICMT (Information Cache Management and Data Transmission Algorithm) [13]. EIMST and ICMT are the latest routing algorithms for opportunistic social networks, while the other two algorithms are typical and traditional methods. In this experiment, the parameters are set as follows: The communication area is 3000 m \(\times\) 3000 m, and it is divided into 9 equal geographical areas, each of which occupies the range of 1000 m \(\times\) 1000 m. The warming-up time \(\Delta T\) is 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 min, and it is initialized to 20 min. The total simulation time is 2-6 h and the number of nodes is 500. Moreover, the movement of all nodes in the communication area follows the HCMM (Health Capability Maturity Model) mobility model [32]. Because the HCMM model is based on community division, the communication between nodes of the same community is more frequent, and the weight value \(\theta\) can reasonably be set to 0.8 [15,16]. Additionally, the time precision \(\Delta t\) is usually set to 1 h in the prediction of the coincidence between geographies and time between users. The initial energy for a node is 100 J, and each node carrying 10 data packets consumes 0.25 J energy to send a data packet. The cache space of a node is set to 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 Mb, and its initial value is 10 Mb. The speed of a node ranges from 1 to 9 m/s, which may be the widespread movement speed of humans, animals, or vehicles. The social attribute for each node includes occupation, interest, residence, workplace, and physical characteristics. In addition, each of the social attributes consists of 5 different feature words. For example, the social attribute of interest may contain the feature words: basketball, game, music, film, and reading. Consequently, there are 5 different sub-vectors and 25 different feature words for the feature vector of a node in the network. Moreover, the 25 feature words are randomly assigned to each node in the simulation area. In order to improve the readability of the above simulation settings, we constructed Table 2 to demonstrate the simulation environment of this experimentation. The FCNS routing algorithm is compared with the four algorithms mentioned above to evaluate its performance. Additionally, the simulation result mainly concentrates on the following parameters:  
Delivery ratio: This parameter represents the probability of selecting a proper relay node during the data transmission process. The delivery ratio can be computed as \(D_{node}=D_{rec}/D_{sen}\), where \(D_{sen}\) is the number of messages forwarded by nodes and \(D_{rec}\) is the number of messages received by the surrounding neighbors. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Simulation Environment** & **Description** \\ \hline Simulator & Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) \\ Mobility model & HCMM (Health Capability Maturity Model) \\ Communication area (m\({}^{2}\)) & 3000 \(\times\) 3000 \\ Warming-up time (min) & 20 (Initial value), 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 \\ Total simulation time (h) & 2–6 \\ Number of nodes & 500 \\ Cache space of a node (Mb) & 10 (Initial value), 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 \\ Speech of a node (m/s) & 1–9 \\ Initial energy for a node (J) & 100 \\ Number of feature words & 25 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The simulation environment for the fuzzy routing-forwarding algorithm (FCNS) algorithm.