## 3 LIBS Analysis of Industrial Materials  
The rapid development of stable and robust high power laser sources, of efficient and broadband spectrometers, and of fast and sensitive detection systems has stimulated many scientific studies on LIBS in the last years. Various research groups and business enterprises are developing LIBS systems, components, and software for technical applications in the field, i.e., out-of-laboratory. Many classes of materials that are used in large scale in industrial production are investigated by LIBS. Some materials classes are listed in the following in alphabetical order. For each class of materials some references to recent scientific publications are given. * Aluminum alloys [71; 72; 73; 74; 75; 76; 77; 78; 79; 80];
* Cement and concrete [81; 82; 83; 84; 85; 86; 87; 88; 89; 90; 91];
* Coal [92; 93; 94; 95; 96; 97; 98; 99; 100; 101; 102; 103; 104; 105];
* Coal ashes [106; 107; 108; 109; 110];
* Combustible gases such as fuel/air mixtures [111; 112; 113; 114; 115];
* Copper alloys [116; 117; 118; 119; 120; 121; 122; 123];
* Electrolytes, battery materials, fuel cells [124; 125; 126; 127; 128; 129];
* Fertilizer [130; 131; 132; 133; 134; 135; 136; 137; 138; 139; 140; 141; 142];
* Food [143; 144; 145; 146; 147; 148; 149; 150; 151; 152; 153; 154; 155; 156; 157; 158; 159; 160; 161; 162; 163; 164; 165; 166; 167];
* Glasses [168; 169; 170; 171; 172; 173; 174; 175; 176; 177; 178; 179];
* Glass melts [180; 181; 182; 183; 184; 185; 186; 187];
* Magnesium alloys [183; 184; 185; 186; 187];
* Metal melts: \(\circ\) Aluminum [188; 189; 190; 191; 192], \(\circ\) Sodium [193], \(\circ\) Steel [194; 195; 196; 197; 198; 199; 200; 201; 202; 203], \(\circ\) Zinc [204; 205];
* Metal scrap [97; 102; 206; 207; 208; 209; 210; 211; 212; 213; 214; 215; 216; 217; 218];
* Minerals [219; 220; 221; 223; 224; 225; 226; 227; 228; 229; 230; 231; 232; 233; 234; 235];
* Mineral melts, solidified [236; 237];
* Mineral ores [238; 239; 240; 241; 242; 243; 244];
* Nuclear and radioactive materials [245; 246; 247; 248; 249; 250; 251; 252; 253; 254; 255; 256; 257; 258; 259; 260; 261; 262; 263; 264; 265; 266; 267; 268; 269; 270; 271; 272; 273; 274; 275; 276; 277];
* Organic and inorganic photovoltaic materials [278; 279; 280];Paper and coated paper [281; 282; 283];  
Particulate matter:  
Aerosols and air-borne particles [284; 285; 286; 287; 288; 289; 290; 291; 292],  
Coarse grained powder [293; 294; 295],  
Coarse grained powder [296; 297; 298; 299; 300; 301],  
Coarse grained powder [297; 302; 303; 304; 305; 306; 307];  
Coarse grained powder [308; 309; 310; 311; 312; 313; 314; 315; 316; 317; 318; 319];  
Pharmaceutical substances [308; 310; 311; 312; 313; 314; 315; 316; 317; 318; 319; 320; 321; 322; 323; 324; 325; 326; 327; 328; 329; 330; 331; 332; 333; 334; 335; 336];  
Polymers and technical polymers [337; 338; 339; 340; 341; 342; 343; 344; 345; 346; 347; 348];  
Refractory materials [349; 350; 351; 352; 353; 354];  
Rubber [355; 356; 357; 358; 359; 360; 361; 362; 363; 364; 365; 366; 366; 367; 368];  
Silicon, metallurgical and solar grade silicon [365; 366; 367; 368];  
Slag from steel production [51; 55; 369; 360; 361; 362; 363; 364; 365; 366; 367; 368; 369; 370; 371; 372; 373; 374; 375; 376; 377];  
Steel [194; 378; 379; 380; 381; 382; 383; 384; 385; 386; 387; 388; 389; 390; 401; 402; 403; 404; 405; 406; 407; 408; 409; 410; 411];  
Steel metal welds [402; 403; 404; 405];  
Thin film solar cells [406; 407; 408; 409; 410; 411];  
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) [208; 412; 413; 414; 415; 416; 417; 418];  
Wastewater [25; 419; 420; 421; 422; 423; 424; 425; 426; 427; 428; 429]. Wood and wood waste [424; 425; 426; 427; 428; 429].