## 1 Introduction and Literature Review
The results comprise views and proposals that will be useful in the revision of the standard GB 1589-2004 Limits of dimensions, axle load, and masses for road vehicles. Their proposal is based on the combination of the standard and real road situations in China, covering some features from other, developed countries. Using different types of semi-trailers for heavy load transport enables transport companies to increase competitiveness. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [26], in their article, present the results from the analyses of semi-trailer operational damage, debating on the causation of damages and faults in relation to the haulage of long oversized loads. The study uses a multi-criteria methodology of decision-making to select a semi-trailer for excessive load transports. The results conclude that the most suitable solution is a selection of expandable semi-trailers for long oversized loads. Similarly, [PERSON] et al. [27], in their article, focus in detail on the issue in Ireland relating to oversized and excessive transport primarily across bridges. They analysed the legislation in each foreign state. It was followed by an in-depth analysis of this issue as it relates to bridge passage by measuring the effects that occurred as well. The results of their study enable one to make informed decisions about the issue around permission and the exclusive use of roads. This should enhance and unify the current procedures for issuing permits. Vehicle overloading has a significant impact on road infrastructure. [PERSON] et al. studied this issue and proposed a methodology consisting of a technique that correlates the designed AASHTO vehicles with FHWA vehicle classes, estimates the marginal life cycle and usage costs of bridges, and assigns these costs to each vehicle class according to the configuration of axles and kilometres driven. The research results can help road infrastructure administrators to create a policy for transport authorisation in terms of bridge damage due to overweight vehicle use [28]. [PERSON] et al., under Lithuanian conditions, proposed a methodology of selection for the heavy and oversized freight transport system through minimum financing provided. The resulting solution took in mind the use of multimodal transport for this freight [29]. International oversized transport may be demanding in terms of legislation. [PERSON] et al. paid attention to this issue, and they identified the characteristics of different legislation within the scope of international oversized transport. They aimed to design and implement less heavy and faster oversized and excessive transport with a lower environmental footprint and reduced human and material resources [30]. [PERSON] describes the advantages and challenges occurring in oversized and excessive transport in the USA [31]. He points out the costs, delivery time, and quality relating to the transport, and highlights that even oversized load transport is more money-consuming and technologically demanding. However, it is also more favourable than shipments divided into smaller parts. [PERSON] et al. 's [32] conference article was dedicated to the issue of the suitable selection of a vehicle for oversized and excessive load transport. They mostly described the problems within the transport of oversized loads in the army and, thus, identified the most acute risks arising from this kind of transport. Based on this, there was a conception model for risk assessment proposed. Safety is a key factor in oversized transport. [PERSON] et al. in their article, when assessing the risk quantitatively and economically, used a probability theory and mathematical statistics were used, in the case of ambiguous options, for describing the situations or processes [33]. [PERSON] et al. 's [34] article was devoted to the peculiarities of delivery of large and heavy goods by road transport. The research collective introduced a concept of decision support system together with the interaction of its modules.