## 4 Results
### Stage Topic Recognition
#### 4.1.1 Scientific Topic Recognition
Specifically, it covered topics such as \"Detection of Network Traffic\", \"Identification of Cyberattacks\", \"Intrusion Detection Systems\", \"The Role of Vulnerabilities\", and \"The Evolution and Impact of Botnets\". * Stage 6 (2015-2016). In this stage, in the face of severe threats brought about by privacy leaks and the industrialization of ransomware, researchers focused on key topics such as identity and data security (\"Authentication Techniques\", \"Encryption\", \"Identification\") and threat confrontation (\"Detection of Botnets\", \"Rules for Malware Detection\", \"Threat Detection\"). Additionally, the emergence of the topic of \"Cyberattacks and Defense Strategies\" reveals that the cybersecurity defense system gradually started to expand towards proactive defense, highlighting a profound transformation from passive response to tactical prediction. * Stage 7 (2017-2018). In this stage, security authentication (\"Password-Based Authentication\") and threat detection and defense technologies (\"Detection of Network Traffic\", \"Rule-Based Anomaly Detection\", \"DoS Attack Consequences\", \"Intrusion Detection Systems\") remained the core of research. In addition, researchers gradually attached importance to risk assessment and vulnerability management work, specifically including topics such as \"Key Risks\", \"The Role of Evaluation in x\", and \"Vulnerability\". * Stage 8 (2019-2020). In this stage, cybersecurity was driven by the commercial use of 5G and the remote working wave caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in an explosive expansion of the attack surface. Meanwhile, cybercrime (\"Network Traffic & Cybercrime\") began to emerge, and its means became more diverse and complex. The field of cybersecurity has gradually faced new challenges. Under this background, the focus of scientific research was mainly on threat detection technologies (\"The Role of Intrusion Detection Systems\", \"Detection of Malware\") and identity vulnerability management (\"Role of Authentication in DDoS Defense\", \"Validated Techniques for Intrusion\", \"Key Identification Techniques\", \"Identification of Vulnerabilities\"), among other topics. * Stage 9 (2021-2022). In this stage, influenced by acts such as cybercrime (\"Role of Cybercrime\"), privacy protection and data security (\"Private Data Capture and Utilization Precautions\") once again became the focus of researchers. Innovation in intrusion detection and defense technologies, including topics such as \"Cyber Defense Strategies\", \"Network Traffic Analysis in Intrusion Detection\", \"Cyberattack Identification\", and \"Firewall Configuration and Secure Network Access Controls\", along with the exploration of emerging technology applications like \"Application of Encrypption and Cryptographic Policies in Ransomware and Blockchain Technology\", became a research hotspot. * Stage 10 (2023-2024). In this stage, scholars continued to innovate, focusing on the optimization of attack and defense techniques (\"Optimization of Intrusion Detection Technology\", \"Network Security Risk Assessment\") and the cross-innovation of emerging technologies with traditional defense techniques (\"The Application of Blockchain in Cybersecurity\", \"Quantum Computing and Anti-Phishing Framework\"). Meanwhile, the security requirements in emerging fields such as new infrastructure (\"Network Attack Defense for Critical Infrastructure\"), Internet of Vehicles (\"The Network Security Integration Challenge of Connected Vehicles\"), and healthcare Internet of Things (\"Medical IoT Security Protection\") also began to attract the attention of researchers, emerging as new research hotspots.