## 4 Results
(**a**) Landsat TM image (9 September 2005) false-color composite (RGB: 432); (**b**) NDWI calculated from TM Bands 2 and 4; (**c**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm T2,4}\); (**d**) NDWI calculated from TM Bands 2 and 5; (**e**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm T2,5}\); (**f**) NDWI calculated from TM Bands 2 and 7; (**g**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm T2,7}\); (**h**) EO-1 ALI image (21 October 2005) false-color composite (RGB: 965); (**i**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 6; (**j**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm A4,6}\); (**k**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 7; (**l**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm A4,7}\); (**m**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 8; (**n**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm A4,8}\); (**o**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 9; (**p**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm A4,9}\); (**q**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 10; (**r**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\rm A4,10}\). Figure 4: Original images and the LSW map results from Landsat ETM+ imagery and EO-1 ALI imagery in Region III. (**a**) Landsat ETM+ image (29 March 29 2003) false-color composite (RGB:753); (**b**) NDWI calculated from ETM+ Bands 2 and 4; (**c**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{E2,4}}\); (**d**) NDWI calculated from ETM+ Bands 2 and 5; (**e**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{E2,5}}\); (**f**) NDWI calculated from ETM+ Bands 2 and 7; (**g**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{E2,7}}\); (**h**) EO-1 ALI image (29 March 29 2003) false-color composite (RGB: 965); (**i**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 6; (**j**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{A4,6}}\); (**k**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 7; (**l**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{A4,7}}\); (**m**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 8; (**n**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{A4,8}}\); (**o**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 9; (**p**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{A4,9}}\); (**q**) NDWI calculated from ALI Bands 4 and 10; (**r**) LSW map of NDWI\({}_{\text{A4,10}}\). EO-1 ALI images from 21 October 2005, and Landsat TM images from 9 September 2005, were used in Region II. The contrast between water features such as the Baifengxi and Gaobazhou Reservoirs and vegetation features is clear (Figure 3a,h). Visual interpretation shows that the eight surface water maps (Figure 3c,e,g,j,l,n,p,r) matched the actual distribution of water closely. We also selected the ALI panchromatic image and the TM RGB752 image as the reference data to evaluate the accuracy of the LSW maps results because the acquisition dates of the selected ALI and TM data were different. The results of the quantitative assessment (Table 3) show that the NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},9}\) gives maximum values of CV, BCV, OA, and Kappa for the five ALI NDWIs in Region II; next best are NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{8}}\), NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{10}}\), NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{7}}\), and NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{6}}\). In the case of the TM sensor, the order of preference is NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{5}}\), NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{7}}\), and NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{4}}\). The results of the quantitative analysis of Region II replicated the performance of the eight NDWI models in Region I. The LSW area in Region II was measured as 9.61 km\({}^{2}\) by NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{4}}\), 9.00 km\({}^{2}\) by NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{5}}\), and 9.37 km\({}^{2}\) by NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{T2},\mathrm{7}}\). Using ALI data, we obtained LSW areas of 9.16 km\({}^{2}\) (NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{6}}\)), 8.92 km\({}^{2}\) (NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{7}}\)), 8.84 km\({}^{2}\) (NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{8}}\)), 7.25 km\({}^{2}\) (NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{9}}\)), and 8.61 km\({}^{2}\) (NDWI\({}_{\mathrm{A4},\mathrm{10}}\)) (Table 3). We used ALI and ETM+ data both acquired on 29 March 2003, for the comparative analysis in Region III. The contrast between the water features, including the Yangtze River and Dong Lake, and the background features, such as vegetation, sandbanks, cities and towns, is clear (Figure 4a,h). The EO-1 ALI data and Landsat ETM+ images were used to form eight different NDWI images (Figure 4b,d,f,i,k,m,o,q) of Region III.