## 4 Results and Discussion
### Results of Grouping for Auditory Evaluation Factors
The factors of 'auditory clarity' [34], 'the right amount of sound resolution' [56], and 'how clear the sound is' [56] can be grouped  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Grouped/** & **Grouping within an Auditory** & **Grouping within AUX Factors** & **Grouping between Auditory** \\
**Non-Grouped** & **Presence Factor** & **Grouping within AUX Factors** & **Presence and AUX** \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Focusing the metaverse environment with sound} & & \\ \cline{2-4} Grouped factors & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Implementing the spatial properties of sound} & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Implementing realistic soundscapes in a metaverse environment} & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Three-dimensional perception of sound} & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \\ \cline{2-4}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Willingness to return due to sound} & \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & The quality of the sound source \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & How distracting the sound is \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & & Clarity of sound \\ \cline{2-4}  & & - & Sound experiences that live up to \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & visual expectations \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & How consistent the overall sound \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & is in a sound variation situation \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & Auditory cues to help you \\ \cline{2-4}  & & & navigate \\ \hline  & \multicolumninto 'clarity of sound' because they use the common auditory concept of'resolution of sound' in P2 and P3's opinions. The factor of 'delivering the sound you expect visually' [40], 'ambience sounds to match the visual experience' [44], and 'degree of harmony between surroundings and sound' [54] could be grouped together as'sound experiences that live up to visual expectations' as they use a common auditory concept in the sense that'sight and sound should match', according to P3's opinion. The factors of 'consistency between sounds' [14], 'how difficult it is to understand the sound being varied' [19], and 'consistency between sounds within products and services' [55] are believed to use a common auditory concept of'how consistent the overall sound is in a sound variation situation', and, thus, can be grouped into 'the degree to which the overall sound is consistent in the context of sound variation', in P3's opinion. The factors of 'how much the sound helps' [19], 'how easy it is to understand the sound' [19], 'how easy it is to understand what the sound represents' [19],'matching sound and meaning' [19], 'identification of the sound' [22], and 'auditory cues to help you navigate' [44] can be grouped under 'auditory cues to help you navigate' as they share a common auditory concept of the role of sound in metaverse environments as an alternative to data navigation and visual interfaces based on a literature review [19]. As mentioned above, primary expert interviews were conducted and it was found that the grouping within the auditory presence evaluation factor was dominated by the tendency to realize a realistic auditory experience, while the grouping within the AUX evaluation factor was dominated by acoustic characteristics, such as the sufficiency of volume size control, the distribution of the sound range, and the ease of access to sound control. In the case of grouping between the auditory presence and AUX evaluation factors, the factors covered by the existing AUX evaluation factors, such as 'auditory utility to help navigation', were also covered by auditory presence, confirming that the scope of auditory presence can be expanded. Creating an Auditory Experience Evaluation Questionnaire That Considers the Public Understanding of Presence  
Secondary expert interviews were conducted to explain the auditory presence and AUX evaluation factors in the public's terms, and to create evaluation questionnaires that make it easier for the public to understand presence.