## 2 A2S Integrated MIoT
### Key Technologies of the MIoT
Security challenges: * Authentication and device security: Ensure that only authorized devices can connect to the network and take appropriate measures to prevent unauthorized access. Solution: Adopt strong authentication mechanisms, such as two-factor authentication, and use data encryption to secure devices and communications [68]. * Data integrity and confidentiality: Ensure that data are not tampered with or stolen during transmission [69]. Solution: Use end-to-end encryption to protect the data transmission and implement effective data-integrity checking mechanisms. * Physical security: Protect the device from malicious damage, physical intrusion, or damage to the device. Solution: Provide appropriate physical protection, such as security facilities and monitoring measures, to ensure the physical security of equipment and infrastructure [70]. * Privacy issues:
* Personal privacy: Ensure that data collected, transmitted, and stored do not reveal personally identifiable or sensitive information [71]. Solution: Use data masking techniques to minimize the collection of personally identifiable information, and take appropriate access control and privilege management measures. * Location tracking and behavior monitoring: Tracking and recording an individual's location and behavior can be a privacy violation [72]. Solution: Clearly inform users that data are being collected and provide users with options to opt in, such as authorizing or disabling location tracking. * Data sharing: Ensure that data collected from the MIoT is only shared where necessary and with appropriate anonymization and security safeguards in place [73]. Solution: Establish clear data sharing policies and legal frameworks, limit the collection and use of data, and ensure that data sharing complies with privacy regulations. * Channel modeling In the A2S integrated MIoT, channel modeling is important for network deployment and the accurate prediction of wireless conditions, especially considering the existence of aerial nodes [74]. Specifically, the A2S integrated MIoT represents an advanced network architecture that tightly integrates the realms of the sky and the ocean. The successful implementation of such networks requires establishing reliable communication connections in different environments [75]. Channel modeling plays a crucial role in this context by studying the mathematical models of signal transmission processes to optimize channel transmission performance, enhance data transfer reliability, and adapt to changes in diverse environments [76]. * First, channel modeling in A2S integrated MIoT contributes to understanding and analyzing the channel characteristics in the atmosphere and the ocean. The atmospheric and oceanic environments exert unique influences on the propagation of electromagnetic waves, involving phenomena such as multi-path propagation, fading, and scattering. By establishing accurate channel models, researchers can better comprehend the propagation characteristics of signals in these complex environments, providing robust theoretical support for network design. * Second, channel modeling aids in optimizing the communication system parameters of A2S integrated MIoT. Through simulation and analysis of channel transmission performance, the optimal parameters for modems, power control strategies, and spectrum allocation schemes can be determined, enhancing the efficiency and performance of the communication system. This optimization ensures that the network maintains high-quality communication connections under different atmospheric and oceanic conditions. * Third, channel modeling is crucial for the security of A2S integrated MIoT. By modeling the propagation paths of signals, potential sources of interference and security threats can be identified. This helps in designing and implement ing effective security protocols and protection mechanisms, ensuring that the network remains stable and reliable in the face of malicious attacks. In summary, channel modeling plays a vital role in the A2S integrated MIoT.