# Personalized Daily Hand Movement Training Methods and Effects: A Case Study
## 1 Introduction  
The number of stroke patients is increasing annually and showing a trend towards younger individuals, bringing negative impacts to both individuals and society [1; 2; 3]. Among the common sequelae following a stroke, hand movement disorders are frequently observed [4; 5; 6]. Due to the large cortical area dedicated to hand function, rehabilitation for fine motor skills is more challenging than for gross motor skills [7; 8; 9; 10]. However, the recovery of fine motor skills is crucial for patients to regain independent living ability, and rehabilitation training is widely believed to be effective in improving both upper and lower limb function [11; 12; 13]. For young and middle-aged stroke patients, hand rehabilitation training plays a significant role in returning to work and normal life [14]. Traditional rehabilitation strategies mainly encompass three aspects: generic motor methods for physiological range of motion, intervention strategies for patients' psychological and behavioral aspects, and task outcome-based strategies. In the early stages, traditional hand rehabilitation training usually involves cooperation between therapists and rehabilitation equipment to help patients alleviate or eliminate hand movement disorders. For example, low-frequency and medium-frequency electrical stimulation techniques are used for muscle training [15], aiming to prevent muscle spasms in the fingers. Rehabilitation devices such as exoskeletons, end-effector machines, and wearable gloves [16; 17; 18] are used to assist in the flexion and extension movements of the fingers, which help in restoring the physiological range of motion of the affected hand [19; 20; 21; 22]. With the continuous development of technologies such as sensors [23], virtual reality [24], and brain-computer interfaces [25], rehabilitation training methods are alsoadvancing. For instance, mirror therapy utilizes the unaffected hand and visual stimuli to promote sensorimotor recovery in the affected hand, fostering rehabilitation training [26]. Some researchers use movement data from the unaffected hand to model passive movement in the affected hand, allowing it to be exercised within its range of motion [27; 28; 29]. Other researchers promote training of the affected hand through games, virtual reality [30], and interactive methods to enhance participation and interest in training. For example, games might guide the affected hand along a specified trajectory to improve overall movement stability [18; 26]. Through multiple comparisons of movement trajectories and assessments of training effects, rehabilitation training methods are continually optimized. Additionally, some researchers focus on localized factors for rehabilitation training, including finger muscle strength training, prediction and assessment of finger movement angles, and gesture classification for finger movement classification, helping patients develop personalized rehabilitation training plans [16; 31; 32; 33]. In hand rehabilitation training, the demand for personalized activities of daily living is often overlooked. This oversight is mainly manifested in the following aspects:  
Firstly, current rehabilitation practices do not fully relate training content to the actual daily activities of patients. Most rehabilitation training targets common impairments but lacks the development of personalized training content tailored to the daily lives of individual patients. This results in training content that lacks individual practicality and fails to effectively meet specific patient needs. Secondly, there is a lack of exploration into the intrinsic motivational drivers of patients within rehabilitation training content. Current rehabilitation training mainly stimulates patient participation through interests and technical means. However, the participation engendered by this approach often lacks long-term sustainment and durability. Lastly, the update and iteration of rehabilitation training content pose a significant challenge.