## 4 Results
### Pattern of Arriving Ship's Trajectory
#### 4.1.4 Berthing Phase
The COG time series boxplot was as shown in Figure 20b, and the ships that were moving north at an average of 002.49 degrees in TS 3_1 slowly turned eastward while passing Todo. Then, the course slowly moved north from Berth 1, starting at 072.64 degrees on average, at which point berthing was completed. The summarized descriptive statistics are shown in Table 8.  
Next, the pattern of the trajectory of berthing ships passing Todo on the right was analyzed. Figure 21 shows the SOG frequency count boxplot of such ships. According to Figure 21a, the average SOG in Turning Section 3 was determined to be 7.99 knots, and the speed was higher than that of ships passing through the left side of the same section, and 7-8 knots was derived as the greatest distribution. Figure 21b is a leg--68 counts were included in the 5.5-6 knots range, and the average was 5.79 knots, which slightly differed from left-side-passing cases. Finally, Figure 21c exhibits an average value of 0.91 knots. In  
Figure 19: Frequency analysis for the COG of the left-side berthing phase: (**a**) Turning Section 3; (**b**) Leg 3; and (**c**) Berthing. Figure 18: Frequency analysis of the SOG on the left-side berthing phase: (**a**) Turning Section 3; (**b**) Leg 3; and (**c**) Berthing. particular, there was a difference in that the frequency count distribution of the berthing stage followed a lognormal distribution. According to Figure 22a, 000 to 005 degrees was the most common at 37 counts, but as ships gradually turned east to pass Todo on the right side, the COG was changed to 040 \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Scaled**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Speed Over Ground**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Course Over Ground**} \\ \cline{2-11}  & **Mean** & **Std.** & **Min** & **Median** & **Max** & **Mean** & **Std.** & **Min** & **Median** & **Max** \\ \hline TS 3\_1 & 8.02 & 0.69 & 6.50 & 8.20 & 9.20 & 2.49 & 2.45 & \(-1.00\) & 1.80 & 11.00 \\ TS 3\_2 & 7.58 & 0.52 & 6.30 & 7.60 & 8.30 & 4.79 & 2.67 & 1.10 & 5.10 & 11.10 \\ TS 3\_3 & 7.02 & 0.57 & 6.10 & 7.00 & 8.10 & 11.01 & 8.45 & 0.20 & 9.40 & 29.10 \\ Leg 3\_1 & 6.38 & 1.67 & 4.90 & 6.00 & 12.20 & 21.24 & 19.61 & \(-5.90\) & 16.30 & 65.60 \\ Leg 3\_2 & 5.44 & 1.01 & 4.40 & 5.30 & 10.70 & 33.80 & 24.96 & 0.00 & 28.50 & 75.90 \\ Leg 3\_3 & 4.88 & 0.91 & 3.50 & 4.80 & 8.90 & 47.27 & 22.33 & 10.50 & 50.10 & 78.30 \\ Leg 3\_4 & 4.10 & 0.51 & 2.90 & 4.10 & 5.20 & 61.99 & 12.13 & 31.70 & 62.40 & 84.50 \\ Berth 1 & 2.33 & 0.72 & 0.40 & 2.30 & 3.80 & 72.64 & 9.45 & 26.90 & 72.60 & 101.10 \\ Berth 2 & 0.95 & 0.55 & 0.00 & 0.80 & 2.40 & 54.36 & 26.52 & \(-17.30\) & 60.10 & 101.40 \\ Berth 3 & 0.27 & 0.23 & 0.00 & 0.20 & 1.10 & 20.42 & 49.23 & \(-175.50\) & 21.80 & 179.80 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Descriptive statistics for the left-side berthing phase of the scaled time series. Figure 21: Frequency analysis of the SOG of the right-side berthing phase: (**a**) Turning Section 3; (**b**) Leg 3; and (**c**) Berthing. Figure 20: Boxplot time series of the berthing phase passing Todo on the left: (**a**) SOG; (**b**) COG; * the time series analysis for ship trajectories in the case of passing Todo on the left is expressed in 11 stages by multiplying the result scaled in Equation (1) by 10. It was divided into 3 stages in Turning Section 3 (TS 3), 4 stages in Leg 3, and 3 stages in Berth. In addition, the boxplot was used to visually express the descriptive statistics for 11 stages. degrees. In the subsequent Leg 3, the ship passing Todo moved northeast to approach the pier. According to Figure 19b, the counts of 040 to 050 degrees were the most frequent at 90 counts. In Figure 19c, counts of 040 to 060 degrees were the greatest and, as berthing must be completed by heading north, the ratio of 000 degrees was also high. Figure 23 shows the results of the time series boxplot of ships berthing by passing. Todo on the right side.