## 3 Research Method and Design  
### Conceptual Framework  
This research employs structural equation modeling as a foundation, whose variables include perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU). This study explores the relationship between use attitude toward using (ATT) and behavioral intention to use (BI), and then utilizes transaction security perception as the mediating variable between attitude toward using and behavioral intention to use to clarify whether there is a path difference. To describe the concept of this research in detail, a structural diagram was developed, as shown in Figure 2.  
According to the study's objectives, structure and literature review, the research hypotheses to be tested are established and described as follows:  
**Hypothesis 1 (H1)**. : _Perceived ease of use of proximity mobile payment function positively impacts attitude towards using._  
Perceived ease of use was defined by [PERSON] (1989) as underlying users' subjective perception of the level of ease or difficulty towards learning to operate a new information system [19; 20]. The lesser effort the user incurs when learning such information technology, the more positive feeling he or she may have about this technology. If users of the proximity mobile payment function think that the operation of the proximity mobile payment is easy to learn, they will have a positive and accepting attitude towards the proximity mobile payment function. **Hypothesis 2 (H2)**. : _Perceived usefulness of proximity mobile payment function positively impacts attitude towards using._  
Perceived usefulness was defined by [PERSON] (1989) as underlying users' subjective perception that the operation of certain information system could improve his or her work performance [19; 20]. In this study, perceived usefulness is to explore how users can improve their work or life performance when they operate proximal action payment, so that they can have a positive and accepting attitude towards the function of proximal action payment. **Hypothesis 3 (H3)**. : _Mobile payment users' perceived ease of use of proximity mobile payment positively impact on perceived usefulness._  
[PERSON] (1989) posited that users do not need to expend too much effort in learning information technology, and at the same time can improve users' performance at work [19; 20]. The user's \"perceived ease of use\" of information technology has a positive effect on the \"perceived usefulness\" of information technology. In this study, if the user thinks that the mobile phone is easy to use, they will consider the mobile phone to be a useful tool. **Hypothesis 4 (H4)**. : _Attitude toward using positively impacts behavioral intention to use._  
Figure 2: Conceptual framework. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (1995) found that individuals' willingness to use a certain information system technology in the future refers to the possibility that individuals intend to use a certain technology or information system in their subjective consciousness ([PERSON] et al., 2018). TAM supports that behavioral intentions are also affected by individuals' attitudes towards technology use and perceived usefulness. When users perceive that using the function of proximity mobile payment will help improve the efficiency of study or work, the more positive evaluation they will have on the proximity mobile payment, and the more willing they are to use such functions. **Hypothesis 5 (H5). **_Mobile payment users' Transaction security awareness has a mediating effect on attitude toward using and behavioral intention to use._  
[PERSON] (2020) defined security as the freedom from danger, risk, worry, doubt and worry, and transaction security would encompass security consideration under the transaction method and payment-related services that consumers recognize in the shopping channel ([PERSON] et al., 2018). Proximity mobile payment is also a shopping channel, so in this study, we refer to the interpretation of the definition of transaction security proposed by [PERSON].