## 3 Results
### Outcomes and Estimation
#### 3.2.2. Test for Differences between Treatment Effects  
In order to compare the two groups in terms of the tipstim(r) effects, an analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney U test comparing the differences between the first and second measurements in both the groups A/B and B/A. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**A/B (n = 15)**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**B/A (n = 14)**} \\ \cline{2-10}  & **Average Rank** & **Mdn** & **IQR** & **Average Rank** & **Mdn** & **IQR** & **Z** & \(\mathbf{p}\) & **r** \\ \hline Hz wrist [cyc/s] & 15.33 & 25.20 & 37.10 & 14.64 & 18.35 & 19.90 & \(-\)0.22 & 0.827 & 0.04 \\ MaxROM wrist [mm] & 12.60 & 18.10 & 12.60 & 17.57 & 21.15 & 10.80 & \(-\)1.57 & 0.116 & 0.29 \\ Hz25 & 12.60 & 19.80 & 14.30 & 17.57 & 26.05 & 9.05 & \(-\)1.57 & 0.116 & 0.29 \\ MaxROM F5 & 16.00 & 23.20 & 16.90 & 13.93 & 19.50 & 10.05 & \(-\)0.65 & 0.513 & 0.12 \\ Hz4 & 15.43 & 23.10 & 14.50 & 14.54 & 19.55 & 11.60 & \(-\)0.28 & 0.777 & 0.05 \\ MaxROM F4 & 14.40 & 22.60 & 12.10 & 15.64 & 22.15 & 9.93 & \(-\)0.39 & 0.694 & 0.07 \\ Hz2F3 & 14.87 & 23.40 & 12.40 & 15.14 & 24.20 & 11.15 & \(-\)0.09 & 0.930 & 0.02 \\ MaxROM F3 & 12.53 & 21.80 & 13.10 & 17.64 & 25.05 & 9.18 & \(-\)1.62 & 0.106 & 0.30 \\ Hz2F2 & 14.17 & 21.40 & 11.20 & 15.89 & 24.05 & 10.55 & \(-\)0.55 & 0.585 & 0.10 \\ MaxROM F2 & 13.27 & 17.90 & 10.70 & 16.86 & 19.90 & 7.13 & \(-\)1.13 & 0.256 & 0.21 \\ Hz1 & 14.00 & 16.90 & 13.20 & 16.07 & 18.50 & 9.10 & \(-\)0.65 & 0.512 & 0.12 \\ MaxROM F1 & 14.27 & 10.00 & 7.00 & 15.79 & 10.55 & 6.25 & \(-\)0.48 & 0.631 & 0.09 \\ Grip strength [kg] & 16.13 & 34.50 & 35.40 & 13.79 & 26.35 & 19.88 & \(-\)0.74 & 0.458 & 0.14 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* A/B—A-ipstim(r) group (first measurement), B-Placebo (second measurement); B/A; B-placebo group (first measurement), A–tipstim® (second measurement); ROM—range of motion; one cycle = the movement from flexion to extension. Bolded \(p\)-values are statistically significant at level \(p<0.05\).  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Comparison of groups in terms of sum of parameters from the first and second measurement without stabilization. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**A/B (n = 15)**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**B/A (n = 14)**} \\ \cline{2-10}  & **Average Rank** & **Mdn** & **IQR** & **Average Rank** & **Mdn** & **IQR** & **Z** & \(\mathbf{p}\) & **r** \\ \hline Hz wrist [cyc/s] & 14.20 & 2.20 & 2.70 & 15.86 & 2.20 & 1.38 & \(-\)0.53 & 0.599 & 0.10 \\ MaxROM wrist [mm] & 13.87 & 35.80 & 21.30 & 16.21 & 38.95 & 13.50 & \(-\)0.74 & 0.458 & 0.14 \\ HzF5 & 16.57 & 4.20 & 3.60 & 13.32 & 3.05 & 2.10 & \(-\)1.03 & 0.305 & 0.19 \\ MaxROM f5 & 15.80 & 41.70 & 33.30 & 14.14 & 38.30 & 27.60 & \(-\)0.52 & 0.600 & 0.10 \\ Hz2F4 & 16.63 & 4.20 & 3.60 & 13.25 & 3.00 & 2.10 & \(-\)1.07 & 0.285 & 0.20 \\ MaxROM f4 & 14.13 & 43.30 & 23.90 & 15.93 & 45.85 & 15.18 & \(-\)0.57 & 0.570 & 0.11 \\ Hz2F3 & 16.63 & 4.10 & 3.60 & 13.25 & 2.90 & 2.03 & \(-\)1.07 & 0.285 & 0.20 \\ MaxROM f3 & 11.93 & 42.00 & 12.20 & 18.29 & 47.45 & 12.78 & \(-\)2.01 & 0.045 & 0.37 \\ HzF2 & 16.57 & 4.20 & 3.60 & 13.32 & 2.90 & 2.10 & \(-\)1.03 & 0.305 & 0.19 \\ MaxROM F2 & 12.03 & 31.10 & 25.80 & 18.18 & 41.70 & 9.80 & \(-\)1.94 & 0.052 & 0.36 \\ HzF1 & 16.70 & 3.60 & 3.90 & 13.18 & 2.15 & 2.88 & \(-\)1.11 & 0.265 & 0.21 \\ MaxROM F1 & 15.00 & 20.10 & 9.80 & 15.00 & 19.55 & 16.60 & 0.00 & 1.000 & 0.00 \\ Grip strength [kg] & 15.80 & 48.80 & 70.00 & 14.14 & 32.15 & 35.98 & \(-\)0.52 & 0.600 & 0.10 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* A/B—A-ipstim® group (first measurement), B-Placebo (second measurement); B/A; B-placebo group (first measurement), A–tipstim® (second measurement); ROM—range of motion; one cycle = the movement from flexion to extension. Bolded \(p\)-values are statistically significant at level \(p<0.05\).  
\end{table} 
Table 4: Comparison of groups in terms of the sum of parameters from the first and second measurement with stabilization.