[29] demonstrated that the addition of EDTA and HEDTA increased the Cd and Ni contents in sunflower stems and leaves from 34 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg to 115 mg/kg and 117 mg/kg, respectively. However, [PERSON] et al. [30] found that adding EDTA and 10 mmol/kg [S,S]-EDDS to soil significantly enhanced plant lead uptake but also caused the leaching of most of the total lead that was initially present in the soil, which was not a safe phytoremediation approach. Additionally, most chelating agents were found to be toxic and difficult to degrade in the soil. In recent years, using minerals or industrial materials that are rich in metal oxides for heavy metal soil remediation has become a popular research topic. For example, [PERSON] et al. [31] used zeolite, diatomaceous earth, and sodium bentonite as main remediation components, supplemented with monocalcium phosphate and fulvic acid, to study Cd remediation in mildly alkaline soil with wheat. Field trials showed that Cd concentrations in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils decreased by 27.3-31.2% and 34.3-54.2%, respectively. [PERSON] et al. [32] planted Jatropha, Gliricidia, and sunflower in contaminated soil mixed with fly ash, finding that Jatropha achieved the highest remediation efficiency and plant biomass in the 10% fly ash treatment group, with remediation efficiencies for aluminum, iron, manganese, and zinc increased by 187.79%, 150.36%, 118.67%, and 137.43%, respectively, compared to the control. The team of [PERSON] [33] used lettuce with limestone and red mud to treat contaminated soil, discovering that Ca(NO\({}_{3}\))\({}_{2}\)-extractable As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were reduced by 58%, 98%, 98%, and 99%, respectively, after remediation, significantly decreasing the total accumulation of heavy metals in lettuce shoots. [PERSON] et al. [34] used carbide slag to remediate soil co-contaminated with arsenic and cadmium and planted brown rice. The results indicated that the addition of carbide slag promoted the formation of iron-manganese plaques on plant roots, thereby stabilizing both arsenic and cadmium simultaneously. The added minerals primarily fixed heavy metals through complexation, ion exchange, and electrostatic adsorption. By converting unstable components into stable ones, the heavy metal content in the soil could be reduced [31]. Minerals and alkaline industrial wastes containing alkaline cations mainly increased soil pH, causing oxides of calcium, iron, and manganese to form insoluble complexes or adsorb heavy metals into their crystal structures, or reduce highly active and toxic high-valence metal ions to stable, low-toxicity, low-valence metal ions, thus reducing metal bioavailability [35]. From the above studies, it is evident that combining metal-oxide-containing minerals and industrial waste with plants significantly improved the soil remediation efficiency. Compared to synthetic soil amendments, metal-oxide-containing minerals and industrial waste offered greater economic benefits and environmental sustainability. _Bidens pilosa_, a perennial herb of the Asteraceae family, was widely distributed in polluted areas of the Huilong Arsenic Smelting Plant. It adapted to harsh living conditions in contaminated mining environments. Utilizing _Bidens pilosa_ as a replacement for traditional crops like rice was a feasible strategy to prevent heavy metals from entering the food chain, reducing associated health risks. Its medicinal value could offset economic losses. A study using _Bidens pilosa_ and a series of amendments (economical materials: steel slag, pyrolusite, and FeSO\({}_{4}\) = 2:1:10) in pot experiments demonstrated its effectiveness in remediating arsenic-contaminated soils. At the post-remediation point, the effectiveness was evaluated by analyzing heavy metal forms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and microbial diversity to explore potential remediation mechanisms. The results aimed to provide theoretical and practical support for establishing effective remediation systems for multi-metal-contaminated farmlands.