## 5 Conclusions  
In this work, a modified Wilkinson power divider is proposed that has the isolation resistor soldered on the ground plane across an etched dumbbell-shaped DGS. The proposed circuit consists of two pairs of transmission lines having fixed impedances and certain electrical lengths. DGS is introduced between the output ports, such that a resistor can be mounted across the DGS section, in order to achieve better or acceptable isolation. The parameters of the proposed circuit are extracted by applying even and odd mode analysis and conjugate matching theory. Circuit simulation and EM simulation were performed to verify the validity of the proposed circuit and to achieve an acceptable result. This paper also presents the design methodology and the flow charts for both the Wilkinson power divider and the DGS section. The proposed method, parameters and circuit were verified by the fabrication and measurement of modified proposed WPDs circuits designed at the operating frequencies of 2 and 3 GHz. The measured data show approximately equally divided power at the output ports, and improved isolation was achieved between the output ports on both fabricated circuits. The fabricated circuits achieved good return loss characteristics as well. The measured results are acceptable and meet the criteria of the preferred results. An adequate agreement was achieved between the measured performance of the fabricated Wilkinson power divider and the EM simulation results. The measured results were compared with respective conventional WPDs as well as other similar works. The comparisons showed acceptable results with good or better S-parameter  
Figure 16: Measured S–parameter results (\(S_{22},S_{33}\)) of the proposed WPD circuits. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Operating** & **Return Loss** & **Isolation** & **Coupling** & **Coupling** & **Occupied** & **Bandwidth** \\  & **Frequency** & **S11** & **S32** & **S21** & **S31** & **Effective Area** & \(f_{H}-f_{L}\) \\  & **(GHz)** & **(dB)** & **(dB)** & **(dB)** & **(dB)** & **(dB)** & **(mm\({}^{2}\))** & **(GHz)** \\ \hline
[15] & 1 & \(-27.9\) & \(-30\) & \(-3.34\) & \(-3.31\) & \(21\times 18\) & 0.27 \\
[16] & 0.9 & \(>\)\(-30\) & \(-23\) & \(\approx\)\(-3\) & \(\approx\)\(-3\) & \(12.9\times 13.6\) & 0.43 \\
[17] & 2.43 & \(>\)\(-26\) & \(>\)\(-20\) & \(-\) & \(-\) & \(55\times 31\) & 0.1 \\
[18] & 0.8 & \(>\)\(-20\) & \(-27\) & \(-\) & \(-\) & \(16\times 18\) & 0.12 \\
[19] & 3.5 & \(-25\) & \(-25.9\) & \(-3.32\) & \(-3.37\) & \(54.8\times 22.36\) & 0.24 \\
[20] & 0.46 & \(>\)\(-20\) & \(-33.5\) & \(-3.261\) & \(-3.242\) & \(40.5\times 20.9\) & 0.3 \\
[21] & 2.9 & \(-23\) & \(-31\) & \(-3.8\) & \(-3.74\) & \(19.37\times 19.8\) & 0.14 \\ C & 2 & \(-24.81\) & \(-26.62\) & \(-3.32\) & \(-3.14\) & \(22.15\times 15.2\) & 1.2 \\ C & 3 & \(-27.66\) & \(-25.37\) & \(-2.91\) & \(-2.90\) & \(15.9\times 8\) & 1.8 \\ \(\ast\) & 2 & \(-31.24\) & \(-36.05\) & \(-3.24\) & \(-3.30\) & \(23.3\times 12\) & 0.49 \\ \(\ast\) & 3 & \(-25.54\) & \(-40.83\) & \(-3.23\) & \(-3.24\) & \(14.9\times 8.12\) & 0.65 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Comparison of fabricated WPDs’ results with other major similar works. results. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed [PERSON] power divider achieved improved isolation as compared to other works. Conceptualization, M.S., D.A. and S.-M.H. ; methodology, M.S., Y.J. and D.A. ; formal analysis, J.L. ; data curation, M.S. and Y.J. ; writing--original draft preparation, M.S. and Y.J. ; writing--review and editing, M.S., and Y.J. ; supervision, D.A. ; project administration, D.A. ; and funding acquisition, D.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT), Korea, under the ICAN(ICT Challenge and Advanced Network of HRD) program(IITP-2021-2020-0-01832) supervised by the IITP(Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation) and Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.