## Materials and Methods
### Image Acquisition  
All patients were seated upright in a natural head position with their heads fixed with a chin cup and temple rests. The specifications of the CBCT images were acquired using an Alphard-3030 (Alphard Roentgen Ind., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) at 80 kVp and 10 mA, with a 200 \(\times\) 200 mm FOV and a voxel size of 0.39/voxel mm. We obtained the images as multifile Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files and analyzed them using the 3 DAnalysis module of InVivo Dental 5.0 (Anatomage, San Jose, CA, USA). We selected 3D anatomical landmarks in accordance with previously published craniometry procedures (Table 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Definition** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Landmark} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The most inferior point on the orbital margin [3]} \\ Orbitale left and right (OrL, OrR) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The most superior point of margin of the external acoustic meatus [3]} \\ Porion left and right (UL, Pok) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Most inferior midpoint of the concavity at the zygomiconallary process [15]} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Condylion left and right (CoL, CoR)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The most superior aspect of the condyle head [16]} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The surface point at each mandibular angle, which is defined by the perpendicular from the intersection point of the tangent lines to the posterior margin of the mandibular vertical raunas and inferior margin of the mandibular body on the sagittal view} \\ Antegionion left and right (AgL, AgR) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Deepest point of antegional notch of mandible [17]} \\ Upper first molar left and right (U6L, U6R) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The most inferior point of the mesiboucl cusp tip of the upper first molar} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Menton (Me)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{The most inferior midpoint on the bony symphys [15]} \\ Plane & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Horizontal plane connecting Pok, PoL, OrL} \\ Frankfort horizontal plane 1 (FH1) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Horizontal plane connecting Pok, PoL, OrR} \\ Frankfort horizontal plane 2 (FH2) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Horizontal plane connecting OrR, OrL, PoL} \\ Frankfort horizontal plane 3 (FH3) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Horizontal plane connecting OrR, OrL, PoR} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Horizontal plane connecting OrR, OrL, PoR} \\ Midsgagittal plane 1 (MSP1) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{A plane passing through the nasion (Na) andella (S) and perpendicular to the FH1.} \\ Midsgagittal plane 2 (MSP3) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{A plane passing through the nasion (Na) andella (S) and perpendicular to the FH2.} \\ Midsgagittal plane 3 (MSP4) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{A plane passing through the nasion (Na) andella (S) and perpendicular to the FH3.} \\
3D cephalometer Measurements & \multicolumn{2}{c}{U6 to FH (mm)} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Absolute distance difference between FH plane and U6 on left and right sides} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Absolute distance difference between FH plane and antegion on left and right sides} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Absolute distance difference between J and disaggital plane on left and right sides} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Absolute distance difference between AB and disaggital plane on left and right sides} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Distance between the Me and MSP} \\ Oclusal plane cant (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Angle formed by the line connecting U6L and U6R and FH plane [18]} \\ Mandibular goal cant (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Angle formed by the line connecting the left and right antegion and the FH plane [19]} \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Absolute angle difference between angle formed by the FH plane and the posterior border of the raunas by the line connecting Go and Co, on left and right sides [17]} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}