# Collective Intelligence in Polish-Ukrainian Internet Projects. Debate Models and Research Methods
## 3 Results
### The Qualitative Research: In-Depth Interviews  
#### 3.2.1 Situation of the Ukrainian Minority in Poland  
The first discussed topic referred to the key problems of the Ukrainian minority in Poland, its integration with the rest of society, and the level of social capital of Polish and Ukrainian communities living side by side. Participants of our study noticed the heterogeneous nature of Ukrainian migration to Poland. Among them a visible, but relatively small group consisting of families settling in Poland permanently (some of them already have children who were born in the new country). Many of them assimilate quickly and have a sense of influence on the local community. Other groups that integrate to a much lesser extent are people working in Poland to finance their relatives living in Ukraine--seasonal workers, and students. Students rarely integrate, they have their own separate environments, e.g., their own meeting places and clubs. In addition, the situation varies depending on the size of the city. Integration in large cities is easier; it is harder in small and medium-sized towns. Participants believe that there are currently no major conflicts between Poles and Ukrainians. Although mutual prejudices sometimes occur (more often on the part of Poles towards Ukrainians than vice versa), contrary to stereotypical and publicised opinions these prejudices do not create great barriers in practice. The prejudices are of several types; first of all, participants mention those connected with historical and cultural pasts. On the Polish side, they are associated with the resentment associated with the loss of eastern parts of the country that now belong to Ukraine. On the Ukrainian side there is a fear of losing their identity--linguistic and cultural closeness is sometimes seen as an additional threat. However, these fears are not very significant for the average citizen (unlike for professional historians or activists). Furthermore, there are prejudices related to the labor market situation, i.e., the alleged taking of local jobs by migrants, and hindering the work of honest, migrating people due to excessive administrative obstacles. These conflicts were marginal during the economic prosperity of recent years, but in times of crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic, they gain in importance. Participants in our study also paid attention to the \"credit of trust\" and sympathy that arose between Poles and Ukrainians as a result of the latter's involvement in the conflict with Russia. Participants are generally convinced of the existence of significant similarities between Poles and Ukrainians. Despite the different political situations prevailing in these countries in recent years, participants agree that both nations belong to the same geopolitical region and are following a similar path of development. The common opinion is that Poles have already undergone certain stages of social change that Ukrainians are now experiencing. At the same time, however, there are divergent opinions about the nature of possible differences between Poles and Ukrainians. Opinions are generally divided in half. The first group of study participants believe that the differences are insignificant and do not result from civilisation and cultural background, moreover, there is no significant difference in the level of social capital, which is at a similar level in both groups. Rather, they think that any differences are related to the generational nature of migration, the typical effects of changing the country of residence, and the professional situation of migrants on the labor market. However, the second group of participants sees, despite similarities, significant cultural differences between the two nations:  
1. They notice a different way of accumulating social capital in both groups.