## 3 Results
### Spatial Characteristics of the Contributions of LPRO's Elements
#### 3.3.2 Regional Characteristics of the Contributions of LPRO's Elements
Among these factors, the contribution of the low-quality land area is the greatest, at 7.23%, followed by the scale transferred by bidding (4.47%) and the scale of commercial land (3.88%). The distance to the city center and the upper limit of the FAR are approximately 2.15%, and the negative contribution of the change rate of the transfer scale is the lowest, at 1.75% (Figure 8). For central China, in the transfer process, the change rate of the transfer scale and distance to the city center are significantly negatively correlated with LPRO's macro effects, which is consistent with the eastern region, whereas noticeable positive associations are found between the transfer scale of commercial and public management land and LPRO's macro effects. Nevertheless, the percentage of commercial land has negative effects. The effects of the land scale of low-grade use value and the land price on the LPRO's macro effects in the central region are consistent with those in the eastern region. During utilization, remarkable positive relationships are found between the degree of transformation,  
Figure 7: Contributions of LPRO’s elements in the northeastern region. rationalization, and upgrading of industry utilization and LPRO's macro effects. This finding shows that actively boosting the transformation, upgrading, and rationalization of industry utilization in the central region can help enhance LPRO's macro effects. In the supervision process, the land marketization level and the given FAR value are also shown to actively promote LPRO's macro effects in the central region, whereas the FAR value under the upper limit of the FAR also has a negative impact. In the central region, eight factors significantly strengthen LPRO's macro effects, with the land price contribution being as high as 37.22%, and the advanced utilization level, the land marketization level and the scale of public management land contributing the next greatest percentages, at 9.04%, 6.77% and 6.63%, respectively. The contributions of the commercial land scale (5.43%), rationalization utilization level (4.66%) and given FAR value (4.17%) are lower, and the transformation level contributes only 3.68%. Five variables significantly inhibit LPRO's macro effects, with the contribution of the low-quality land scale (7.06%) > the change rate of scale (5.45%) > the upper limit of the FAR (4.33%) (Figure 9). For the western region, the driving effects of various elements on LPRO's macro effects are very similar to those of the central region. The main difference is that the positive effect of the scale of commercial land is not significant, whereas the scale of residential land, the percentage of land for transportation use, and the upper and lower limits of the FAR present significant positive driving effects on LPRO's macro effects. This finding explains why it is appropriate to augment the provision of transportation land, ensure residential land and strengthen the upper and lower limits of the FAR in western China. For the western region, on the basis of the 10 significant positive factors in the central region, the scale of residential land and the percentage of transportation land in the western region are also significant positive factors; the variables that significantly inhibit LPRO's macro effects in the western region are consistent with those in central China. The differences between the central and western regions are reflected mainly in the different dedications of various variables. Among the positive variables, the contributions of the land price (30.40%), the scale of public management (4.31%), the rationalization utilization level (2.14%), the land marketization level (2.13%), and the transformation level (2.13%) in the western region are smaller than those in the central region, but the contributions of the advanced utilization level (13.75%) and the given FAR value (8.75%) are greater in the western region than in the central region.