# Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review
## 4 Smart Grid and 5G
In the scenario with distributed power supplies, medium or high communication latency is met with high reliability requirements. There is a multi-slice architecture developed in the grid that considers various scenarios of low voltage distribution systems with intelligent feeder automation [76] Smart grid 5G slice deployment involves virtualized infrastructure layers. The concurrent connection between the wireless transfers with simultaneous power allows the advancement of wireless communications. They are made to manually change the battery with respect to these wireless devices connected between them. However, the high initial installation cost and the low communication availability during bad weather conditions and natural disasters makes it a less preferred approach. Later research [86; 87] showed that digital mobile radio could be used to exchange data traffic between the consumers and the utility providers. In a similar way, microwave backhaul transmission can be commissioned between the consumers in any sectors with the utility market providers. Cognitive radio networks [88] act as a promising technology for providing timely smart grid wireless communications by utilizing all available spectrum resources. The complete outlook of 5G in smart grids is explained in Figure 3.  
The smart grid is a boom in the new Internet of energy, where the rise for productive and stable communication is increasing constantly. Therefore, bringing 5G into the smart grid creates even more anticipation to fulfill the rising needs of energy. In accordance with recent reports [89], by conceding various interconnected energy devices into the power grid, 5G networks pave the path for these connected devices to be integrated more promptly in order to monitor energy forecasting. Therefore, interconnecting these devices with these 5G networks efficiently helps to manage energy balance. This helps in the reduction of energy cost. Efficient data analysis can be done through 5G networks, which could empower cities to execute their own energy plans that would be more cost effective in accordance with demographic conditions. Moreover, 5G networks largely help the different distribution operators to reach their observability down the substation level. This assures substantial and balanced operations in the grid. Figure 4 shows the different communication network domains in smart grids where 5G can play a significant role. These network domains work together with power infrastructure to form the smart grid [90]. Figure 3: Roadmap architecture of 5G and smart grids. Different access networks connect the elements in a smart grid, such as smart meters and secondary substations, whereas the backhaul network connects the elements in medium voltage areas, such as secondary substations. The backbone network domain deals with connecting the elements in high voltage and extra high voltage power grids, such as primary substations, which have stringent requirements. Table 3 shows the specific requirements of each communication network domain in order to have a seamless operation of a smart grid.