Reasons for Removal of Miniplates Used in Fixation of Maxillofacial Bone Fractures: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  
[PERSON]  
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University,  
Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University,  
Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University,  
Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.) [PERSON]  
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University,  
Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (M.H.) [PERSON]  
2 Center of Medical and Bio Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University,  
Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates  
3 College of Science, UAE University, Al Al An P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (N.I. ); 201810254@ajmmuni. also demonstrated high levels of biocompatibility and a low rate of hardware-related complications [2]. Miniplates are commonly used for mandibular, zygomatic, and maxillary fractures, as well as fractures of the nasal bones, orbit, and frontal bone [2]. Another advantage of miniplates is that they provide stability and strength to the fracture site. The use of miniplates also allows for easier removal of the fixation device, reducing the risk of complications and the need for additional surgeries. While miniplates have proven effective, their limitations should be considered. Complex fractures or patients with poor bone quality may require alternative fixation methods [3]. Metal sensitivity or allergies must also be considered before choosing miniplates [4; 5]. The decision to remove or retain miniplates after jaw surgery is a topic of ongoing debate. Complications such as infection, plate loosening, and plate exposure are common reasons for removal [5; 6]. Infections can be serious and may require removal to prevent further complications [7; 8]. Loosening and plate exposure can compromise stability and cause discomfort or pain. However, removal itself carries risks, including pain, an increased infection risk, and reduced stability [5]. A few studies have reported additional issues related to miniplates, such as the formation of foreign body granulomas or entrapment of facial nerve branches [9; 10]. Miniplates and screws are frequently utilized for the purpose of providing stability and support to fractured bones. Nevertheless, their presence in the body can result in various outcomes, both positive and negative. On the positive side, these miniplates play a crucial role in preserving bone alignment, facilitating the healing process, and restoring normal function. They effectively counteract the forces exerted on the fractured bone, allowing patients to regain mobility more quickly than traditional methods like casts or immobilization. A significant consideration in the field of orthopedics revolves around whether to remove these miniplates once the bone has fully healed. While the removal of miniplates may initially appear advantageous by eliminating potential discomfort, reducing the risk of infection, and preventing stress-induced weakening of the bone, it presents its own set of complexities. Surgical removal of miniplates carries inherent risks, including complications related to anesthesia, infection, and the potential for damage to surrounding tissues. Moreover, the procedures for miniplate removal contribute additional costs to the healthcare system and may extend patients' recovery periods. Conversely, the non-removal approach entails leaving the miniplates and screws in place after the bone has healed.