###### Abstract
DEMATEL can calculate the impact of each element on other elements through the logical relationships between elements in the system and the direct influence matrix, thereby calculating the causal relationship and centrality of each element as the basis for building models and determining the causal relationship between elements and the position of each element in the system. This is an important step and the key means of quantitative analysis of indicator factors. Therefore, based on the construction of a safety performance evaluation index system for prefabricated buildings, the DEMATEL method is adopted to evaluate the safety performance of prefabricated buildings in order to quantify the causal relationship and importance of construction safety performance index factors. This will be a key step in evaluating the safety performance of prefabricated building construction, and it also lays an important foundation for planning the path to improve the safety performance of prefabricated buildings. The NK model is a mathematical model used to study complex adaptive systems, originally proposed by biologist [PERSON] in 1993. The purpose of this model is to simulate the complexity of biological evolution and study the properties of solution space through network structure and interactions. The NK model provides a powerful tool for studying complex adaptive systems, enabling researchers to understand the structure of the solution space, the performance of search algorithms, and the dynamic characteristics of the evolutionary process. This model has a wide range of applications and provides important theoretical support for interdisciplinary research. The flexibility of the NK model allows for multiple extensions and variations, including multi-landscape models and dynamic NK models. Among them, the multi-landscape model is composed of multiple independent NK models, each with its own network structure. In a dynamic NK model, over time, the network structure and interactions may change, simulating the dynamic evolution process of the system. The NK model has been widely applied in fields such as biology, evolutionary computation, and genetic algorithms. In the study of complex systems, it is used to explore the structure and properties of the solution space in complex systems, as well as the dynamics of the search process. With the integration of research methods and the expansion of application scenarios, the DEMATEL method and the NK model have been widely used in factor evaluation and path exploration [8]. In the study of factor relationships, [PERSON] et al. [9] first proposed the DEMATEL method to address the causal relationships and interactions of complex factors. [PERSON] et al. [10] combined fuzzy logic with DEMATEL to analyze the causal relationships among ship operation risk factors. [PERSON] et al. [11], based on an improved DEMATEL model, explored the interaction relationships among accident causes on construction sites by identifying key factors. In the study of implementation path decisions, [PERSON] [12] first proposed the NK model to find optimal solutions through a comprehensive evaluation and decision analysis of complex systems. [PERSON] et al. [13] proposed a risk coupling analysis method based on an improved NK model to quantify the risk of subsea blowout accidents. [PERSON] [14], based on the NK model paradigm, proposed an improved decision-making approach for distributed control structures in complex systems. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of the DEMATEL method and the NK model in causal relationship analysis and path simulation research, providing a theoretical foundation and methodological support for the evaluation and improvement paths of safety performance in prefabricated building construction (PBC). In summary, this paper views the evaluation and path of decision-making of prefabricated building construction safety performance as a complex system and proposes a performance evaluation and improvement path method based on DEMATEL and NK models.