# Shoot Phenology in _Bambusoideae_: A Review
## 2 Phenological Studies in Bamboo Species
### Phenological Studies in Subtropical/Tropical Bambos  
#### 2.3.1 Bambusa  
The _Bambusa_ genus is comprised of 100 species, which are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and Africa. In total, 73 species, 14 varieties, 14 forms, and 3 hybrids occur in the south and southwest of China. Some species were introduced into other parts of the world, including Asia and America. The new shoot emergence can be found in summer and autumn. _B. pervariabilis_ produces new shoots from June to July, while _B. textilis_ var. _gracilis_ grows its new culm shoots from the middle of June to early October with July as the peak, and the shooting period lasts a total of 110 days. The specific date of new shoot emergence for _B. albo-lineata, B. chungii, B. subaequalis P. tulda_, and _B. ventricosa_ was not mentioned by [50]. _B. albo-lineata_ was studied at the Botanical Garden in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China in 1999. The average temperature during the study period was 21.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The _B. albo-lineata_ shooting period was from late July to 1 st of October, a total of 85-90 days. _B. chungii_ was also studied at the Botanical Garden in Xiamen, Fujian Province in 1999 [81]. The average temperature during the study period was 21.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C. _B. chungii_ shooting period was from early July to the 10 th of October (85-110 days). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Name of Taxa** & **Shooting Period According to [79]** & **Shooting Period According to [26] \({}^{\star}\), [50] ** \\ \hline _P. heterocycla (P. edulis)_ cv. & 26 th of March–5 th of April & - \\ _P. heterocycla (P. edulis)_ f. _gracilis_ & 16 th of March–17 th of April & - \\ _P. heterocycla (P. edulis)_ f. _lteosilatica_ & 12 th of March–17 th of April & - \\ _P. heterocycla (P. edulis)_ f. _obiguunda_ & 29 th of March–5 th of April & - \\ _P. heterocycla (P. edulis)_ & 10 th of April–5 th of May & - \\ _P. robtistriane_ & 20 th of March–19 th of April & Middle and late April ** \\ _P. rubella_ & 30 th of March–26 th of April & - \\ _P. rubella_ & 12 th of March–5 th of May & - \\ _P. rubicunda_ & 18 th of April–7 th of May & Middle and late May ** \\ _P. rubromyalgia_ & 15 th of April–6 th of May & - \\ _P. stimulosa_ & 20 th of March–25 th of April & - \\ _P. stimulosa_ & 23 rd of April–30 th of May & Early May ** \\ _P. t.immuensis_ & 10 th–30 th of March & Late March to late April ** \\ _P. nuda_ & 12 th of March–17 th of April & - \\ _P. virialgiancescens_ & 5 th of April–5 th of May & Late April ** \\ _P. virialgiancescens_ & 25 th of April–17 th of May & 1\({}^{\text{st}}\) week to last week of May \({}^{\star}\), not in the list ** \\ _P. viriids_ & 21 st of April–3 rd of May & - \\ _P. viridis_ & 24 th of April–14 th of May & - \\ _P. virax_ & 5 th–11 th of April & Middle to late April ** \\ _P. virax f. & 20 th of March–10 th of April & - \\ _P. virax f. aureocauis_ & 26 th of March–19 th of April & - \\ _P. vivax f. huanvenzhu_ & 4 th of April–28 th of April & - \\ _P. pubescens (P. edulis)_ & - & Late March to 2 nd week of April * \\ _P. nuda f. localis_ & - & 1 st week of April to 1 st week of May \({}^{\star}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Cont. The growth of _B. intermedia_ was studied from May to December 2017 in Fumin, Shuangjiang and Mile villages, China [44], where the annual average temperature was 15.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C. _B. intermedia_ grew new sprouts from the 16 th of May, and the growth finished by the 15 th of October. The highest shooting period was observed between June and August, with the shooting period lasting a total of 149 days. The _B. oldhami_ shooting period was determined to be from the first week of June to the last week of October at the banks of the middle and lower reaches of the Yongbu River, China from 1986 to 1989. The average annual temperature in the region was 18-19 \({}^{\circ}\)C [58]. _B. pervariabilis_ was studied at the Botanical Garden in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, in 1999.