## 2 The Phytochemistry of _Artemisia annua_ L. (Qinghao)
### Aromatic Alcohols, Ketones and Acids  
The simple aromatic compounds described in Tables 12, 13 and 14 form a relatively small group of natural products from _A. annua_. Metabolites in this section are probably biosynthesised by both the polyketide and shikimate pathways (some simple aromatics which are derived from the terpenoid pathway are discussed separately in Section 2.5.3). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **References** \\ \hline \hline \(1\),1’-Bicyclopropyl, \(2\),2’-dimethyl (**123**) & & [1975-84-6] & [23] \\ \(\text{Bicyclo}[2.2.2]\)octa-\(2\),5-diene, \(1\),2,3,6-tetramethyl- (**124**) & & [62338-43-6] & [20] \\ \(\text{3}\),5-Cycloheptadiene (**125**) & & [1121-65-9] & [28] \\ \(\text{Cyclooctane}\), 1,4-diphenyl-\(1\),4-diphenyl-\(1\)-\(2\)robation-\(1\)-yl)- (**127**) & & [251983-53-6] & [24] \\ \(\text{Cyclopropene}\), (1-methyl-\(1\),2-propudien-\(1\)-yl)- (**128**) & & [5149-86-1] & [50] \\ \(\text{Cyclopropene}\), 3-ethenyl-\(3\)-methyl-\(\text{(128)}\) & & 3-Methyl-\(3\)-vinylcyclopropene & [71153-30-5] \\ \(\text{1}\),1-Dicyclopropylethylene (**129**) & & Cyclopropene, \(1\),1’-ethenylidenebis- & [822-93-5] & [50] \\ \(\text{Hexylcyclohexane}\) (**130**) & & [4292-75-5] & [20] \\ \(\text{Jasmone}\) (**131**) & & [488-10-8] & [22, 32, 43] \\ \(\text{Methyl cyclopentane}\) (**132**) & & [96-37-7] & [22] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Cyclic Hydrocarbons. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **References** \\ \hline \hline \(2\),5-Dihydro-\(3\)-methylfuran (**133**) & & [1708-31-2] & [50] \\ \(2\)-Ethylfuran (**134**) & & [3208-16-0] & [50] \\ \(4\)-Methyl-\(2\),3-dihydrofuranfuran (**135**) & & [34314-83-5] & [34] \\ \(3\)-Methylfuran (**136**) & & [930-27-8] & [34] \\ \(5\)-Methyl-\(2\)-furancarboxyaldehyde (**137**) & 5-Methylfurfural & [620-02-0] & [24] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 11: Furans. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **References** \\ \hline \hline \(1\)**,1’-Bicyclopropyl, \(2\),2’-dimethyl (**123**) & & [1975-84-6] & [23] \\ \(\text{Bicyclo}[2.2.2]\)octa-\(2\),5-diene, \(1\),2,3,6-tetramethyl- (**124**) & & [62338-43-6] & [20] \\ \(3\),5-Cycloheptadiene (**125**) & & [1121-65-9] & [28] \\ \(\text{Cyclooctane}\), 1,4-diphenyl-\(1\)-\(4\)-diphenyl-\(1\)-\(2\)robation-\(1\)-yl)- (**127**) & & [251983-53-6] & [24] \\ \(\text{Cyclopropene}\), (1-methyl-\(1\),2-propudien-\(1\)-yl)- (**128**) & & [51549-86-1] & [50] \\ \(\text{Cyclopropene}\), 3-ethenyl-\(3\)-methyl-\(\text{(128)}\) & & 3-Methyl-\(3\)-vinylcyclopropene & [71153-30-5] \\ \(\text{1}\),1-Dicyclopropylethylene (**129**) & & Cyclopropene, \(1\),1’-ethenylidenebis- & [822-93-5] & [50] \\ \(\text{Hexylcyclohexane}\) (**130**) & & [4292-75-5] & [20] \\ \(\text{Jasmone}\) (**131**) & & 3-Methyl-\(2\)-(2-pentenyl)-\(2\)-cyclopenten-\(1\)-one & [488-10-8] & [22, 32, 43] \\ Methyl cyclopentane (**132**) & & [96-37-7] & [22] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Cyclic Hydrocarbons. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **References** \\ \hline
2’,4’,6’-Trihydroxyacetophenone 2’,4’-dimethyl ether (**144**) & 2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethylacetophenone & [68] \\ \hline
2’,4’,6’-Trihydroxyacetophenone 2’-methyl ether (**145**) & 2’,4’-dihydroxy-6’- & [3602-54-8] & [68, 69] \\ \hline
2’,4’,6’-Trihydroxyacetophenone 2’-methyl ether 4’-\(O\)-\(\beta\)- & Annphenone & [61775-18-6] & [70] \\ D-glucopyranoside (**146**) & & & \\ \hline
2’,4’,6’-Trihydroxyacetophenone 4’-methyl ether 2-\(O\)-\(\beta\)- & Domesticoside & [24587-97-1] & [15] \\ D-glucopyranoside (**147**) & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 13: Simple Aryl Ketones.