## 3 Results
### Effect of PBMT-sMF in H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)-Exposed Environment
#### 3.2.2 Molecular Effects of PBMT-sMF in H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)-Exposed Environment  
H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) did not significantly alter the \(\Delta\)Vm compared to the control (73.98 \(\pm\) 8.28; \(p\) = 0.541). Both doses (9 J and 60 J) did not differ from the control group in the co-exposure group (91.09 \(\pm\) 17.50; \(p\) = 0.9103 and 104.29 \(\pm\) 22.17; \(p\) = 0.5607, respectively; Figure 8), although both differed from H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) (F (5,6) = 10.66, \(p\) < 0.006).  
Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a significant difference between groups for viable (F (3,12) = 65.72, \(p\) < 0.001), early (F (3,12) = 45.80, \(p\) < 0.001), or late apoptotic (F (3,12) = 25.42, \(p\) < 0.001) cells (Figure 9). Specifically, cells exposed to H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of cells in early apoptosis compared to the control group (2.6-fold, \(p\) < 0.05, Figure 9B). Regarding late apoptosis, H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) increased approximately 1.6-fold compared to the control (\(p\) < 0.05, Figure 9C). Upon irradiation with PBMT-sMF, a complete recovery in the number of viable cells was observed for the 9 J dose (Figure 9A), as well as in the number of cells undergoing late apoptosis for both 9 J and 60 J doses (Figure 9B,C). However, there was a significant increase in the number of cells in early apoptosis across all tested doses upon irradiation. For the 60 J dose, the improvement in the number of viable cells was not statistically significant (Figure 9A). No significant differences were observed between the group exposed to H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) and the cells irradiated with PBMT-sMF, and between the H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) group and the control cells in necrosis (Figure 9D).  
Figure 7: Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy Combined with Static Magnetic Field (PBMT-sMF) and simultaneous exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\); 700 \(\mu\)M) on the activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) in C2C12 muscle cells. * Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p\) < 0.05) compared to the control. # Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p\) < 0.05) compared to H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\). J = Joules.  
Figure 8: Detection of mitochondrial membrane potential (\(\Delta\)Vm) in C2C12 cells exposed to Photo-biomodulation Therapy Combined with Static Magnetic Field (PBMT-sMF) and simultaneous exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\); 700 \(\upmu\)M) by flow cytometry using the Dio6 dye. * Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p<0.05\)) compared to the control. # Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p<0.05\)) compared to H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\). J = Joules.  
Figure 9: Graphical representation of the detection of (**A**) viable cells, (**B**) early apoptosis, (**C**) late apoptosis, and (**D**) necrosis in C2C12 cells exposed to Photo-biomodulation Therapy Combined with Static Magnetic Field (PBMT-sMF) and simultaneous exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\); 700 \(\upmu\)M) by flow cytometry using the Annexin V + PI assay. Representative histogram of viable cells (**lower left** quadrant), early apoptosis (**upper left** quadrant), late apoptosis (**upper right** quadrant), and necrosis (**lower right** quadrant). * Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p<0.05\)) compared to the control. # Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and [PERSON]’s post hoc test (\(p<0.05\)) compared to H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\). J = Joules.