## 2 Framework for Evaluation of Functional Recovery for
### Story-by-Story Repair Scheduling Based on Component Prefabrication  
Existing post-earthquake repair frameworks adopt differing assumptions regarding inter-story scheduling. For example, FEMA P-58 allows concurrent repairs across floors or component-based repair sequences without explicitly distinguishing between stories. REDi enforces a floor-by-floor approach for critical systems such as structural frames and vertical access, requiring the completion of repairs on lower floors before proceeding upward. In contrast, the Chinese code GB 38591-2020 permits fully parallel repair across stories, assuming each floor can be independently restored. However, none of these approaches adjust the repair logic based on the building's construction method or level of prefabrication. This lack of construction-sensitive scheduling limits the accuracy of recovery time estimation for modern precas or hybrid buildings. Figure 3: Functional recovery under different repair schedules. Prior research has explored hybrid repair strategies in specific post-disaster contexts. For example, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [42; 43] documented instances following the 1994 Northridge earthquake where contractors conducted repairs on multiple floors concurrently for cast-in situ buildings, prioritizing structural and vertical systems before interior elements. While such scheduling may reduce downtime when structural stability allows, it is not broadly applicable to conventional cast-in situ systems, which often require strict sequential repair due to structural interdependence, extensive cracking, and safety concerns. Overall, current frameworks tend to apply fixed sequencing rules that do not reflect variations in construction technology. This study introduces a generalized and adaptive repair scheduling framework in which the inter-story repair sequence is dynamically determined based on two construction-specific input parameters: the prefabrication ratio and the types of prefabricated components. A sequential story-by-story repair scheme is used as the baseline for cast-in situ buildings, representing a conservative but safe assumption for monolithic systems. In contrast, for fully prefabricated PCaPC buildings, repairs can proceed in parallel across multiple stories due to the modular nature of construction and localized damage zones that enable rapid component replacement. Intermediate cases, such as partially prefabricated buildings, are handled using hybrid logic. For instance, a building with a 50 percent prefabrication ratio may allow concurrent repairs of precast stairs or wall panels, while cast-in situ elements such as structural joints still follow a sequential floor-by-floor process. A key contribution of this study is the development of a prefabrication-informed repair scheduling logic that determines the degree of concurrency in inter-story repairs. As the prefabrication ratio increases, the framework permits greater parallelization, accounting for component-level modularity and installation independence. Figure 5 illustrates the decision flow, showing how construction configuration drives story-level repair planning. This method enables a more accurate modeling of downtime and functionality restoration across a wide range of structural systems. Figure 4: Flowchart of restoration scheme for each story. Figure 6 presents an example of the differentiated recovery trajectories resulting from this logic. It compares a fully cast-in situ frame and a fully PCaPC frame. The prefabricated building shows concurrent repairs across stories, while the cast-in situ system follows a strictly sequential pattern. These differences highlight the advantages of incorporating construction strategy into repair planning. Importantly, the proposed logic is generalizable and applicable to any building for which the prefabrication ratio and prefabricated component types are known. Practitioners can input this construction information and obtain a customized repair sequence and a recovery timeline that reflect the building's actual configuration.