# A 5G V2X Ecosystem Providing Internet of Vehicles +
## 3 5G Standards and Features
### 5G Standardization and Development  
The 5G networks specifications are being discussed and analyzed by the academy, by Standard Development Organizations (SDOs), by some consortia, by government and by industry. A panorama of institutions that contribute to the development and standardization of 5G networks is presented on Table 1, as well as the main contributions. Among the most recent, 5G Automotive Association (5 GAA) consists of automotive and telecommunications companies, among them Audi, BMW, Daimler, Ericsson, Huawei, Intel, Nokia, and Qualcomm. This organization aims to deliver mobility and transportation solutions through technical studies, testing, analysis and deployment of the C-V2X [28]. Some researches are being developed by the academy, all over the world. An example in Europe is the University of Surrey. It has the largest center of 5G technology research of the United Kingdom, called 5G Innovation Centre (5 GIC), with the financing of \(\mathcal{E}\) 16 million from the Higher Education for England, also counting on more \(\mathcal{E}\) 68 million from the industry and partners [29]. In the United States, the University of New York is an example and it has an academic research center for investigation about new technologies of wireless communication, involving devices, networks and applications. The main focus is the use of mmWave over 10 GHz. With the higher frequencies through mmWave and, consequently, greater propagation and penetration losses, researchers have studied beam formation techniques in order to improve the signal level [30]. In South America, the 4 th Coordinated Call among European Union-Brazil (EU-BR) was launched in Brazil, on February 2017, through the Brazilian National Research and Educational Network (RNP) and Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI). It predicted one project with \begin{table}
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**Institution** & **Projects and Initiatives** & **Target** & **Main Contributions** \\ \hline ITU [17] & International Mobile Telecommunications for 2020 and Beyond (IMT-2020) & Radio regulations; Operational aspects; Protocols and test specifications; Performance, QoS and QoE; Security & Recommendations (standards) \\ \hline
3 GPP [18] & 5G specifications & Radio access network; Service and systems aspects; Core network and terminals & Releases; Technical specifications \\ \hline ETSI [19] & 5G technologies & mmWave transmission; Next generation protocols; MEC; NFV & Technical specifications \\ \hline NGMN [20] & Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) 5G Initiative & Technology evolution towards 5G & White Papers \\ \hline ATIS [21] & Technical forum & Incubator of new business models & White Papers \\ \hline
5G-PP [22] & Working groups and various 5G Public Private Partnership (5G-PP) projects & 5G infrastructure; 5G architecture & White Papers \\ \hline IEEE Future Networks [23] & Technical community & Providing practical, timely technical and theoretical content; Development and deployment of 5G & Research publications \\ \hline
5G Americas [24] & 5G network development on Americas & Support and promote the full development of wireless technology capabilities & White Papers \\ \hline
5 GMF [25] & 5G research and development by industry & 5G radio access technologies; Network technologies for 5G & 5 GMF White Paper \\ \hline Verizon 5G TF [26] & Forum and technical specifications & Specifications for physical layer, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and RRC & 5G specifications \\ \hline STONIC [27] & Open research laboratory & SDN; NFV; Physical and MAC layer & 5G technologies \\ \hline
5 GAA [28] & Mobility and transportation services & Use cases and technical requirements; System architecture; Standards and spectrum; Business models & White Papers \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Panorama of 5G networks development and standardization. the 5G theme and investment of R$3.248 million (Reais), amount that proves and emphasizes the importance of this new network development.