## 1 Introduction  
Space debris has long been a concern for crewed spaceflight programs as well as robotic missions in the near space environment [1]. In 2009, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) faced an emergency in the evacuation of astronauts due to the possible threat of collision, and the situation forced the crew to take shelter [2]. Furthermore, the emergence of a novel business model for space-based internet services is adding to the congestion within the low Earth orbit environment. Over the years, space sustainability has become a topic of research and given importance, considering the Earth's orbital environment as a finite resource. Although the term \"space sustainability\" is now commonly used in the space sector, there was no widely agreed-upon definition until recently. In 2018, the United Nations (UN) Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) addressed this by establishing guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities. For the first time, these guidelines offered an initial definition of space sustainability as \"The long-term sustainability of outer space activities is defined as the ability to maintain the conduct of space activities indefinitely into the future in a manner that realizes the objectives of equitable access to the benefits of the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes, in order to meet the needs of the present generations while preserving the outer space environment for future generations\" [3]. Although a definition of the term is presented, the primary emphasis of guidance lies in the preservation of the space environment\". Hence, a need for new definition that includes various aspects of sustainability associated with space arises. According to [4], there are three fundamental pillars that should be included in defining space sustainability. They are \"sustainability from space\", \"sustainability in space\", and \"sustainability for space\". Correspondingly, when the topic of space sustainability is addressed within the sector, focus is typically directed towards two key facets. One is sustainability from space through space data and sustainability in space focusing on space debris. _Promoting_ sustainability based on downstream data is the primary goal of obtaining space data. And reducing space debris, considering space in orbit as a finite resource, is another area of research. But there is a third aspect of sustainability associated with this topic, which is the environmental impact on earth due to production that comes under sustainability for space. Within sustainability for the space context, the focus is given more to rocket launches. For instance, research shows a major concern is the atmospheric pollution resulting from rocket launches, which release combustion gases and particles capable of depleting the ozone layer and disrupting Earth's energy balance. Existing international regulations are inadequate, and local policies are limited. It is imperative to conduct extensive research and develop sustainability metrics to guide future regulations and foster more environmentally sustainable practices within the space industry [5]. In this paper, we focus on \"sustainability for space\", emphasizing the effects of satellite manufacturing, considering its status as the least explored domain from the space sustainability perspective, prompting a critical need for comprehensive investigation and analysis. Life cycle assessment (LCA), sometimes referred to as life cycle analysis, measures the impacts on the environment associated with the life cycle of a product, process, or service [6]. ISO standards 14040 and 14044 deal with LCA [7; 8]. NASA's investigations deviate from the standardized LCA, as outlined in ISO 14040/44, as they exclusively focus on economic costs without incorporating assessments of environmental [9]. Based on the generic ISO standards that drive LCA studies in any sector, the European Space Agency (ESA) has developed a space-specific LCA that can be used for space missions.