# Systematic Analysis of Risks in Industry 5.0 Architecture
## 3 Literature Review
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Ref. Study** & **Risks Identified** & **Assets Affected** & **Risk Mitigation Strategies** & **Challenges** \\ \hline
[88] & Privacy issues may include compromised & & Implement encryption, secure & Limited autonomy, a lack of \\  & data integrity and confidentiality, & & InGT devices, data & authentication, and access & computational resources, and efficient \\  & unauthorized access and theft of & & control measures. & access control mechanisms. \\  & node identities & & & \\ \hline
[88] & Data exposure, data integrity difficulties, & & & \\   confidentiality issues, DoS (Denial of & Cloud / Fog services, data, Big data & & Implement reliable monitoring, & Challenging to detect fraudulent behavior, \\  & Service) attacks, and & repositories, Virtualized resources. & encryption, and access control procedures. & lack of trust in service providers, and lock \\  & authentication challenges & & & \\ \hline
[59] & Malicious reconfiguration of sensors & \begin{tabular}{c} Sensors, manufacturing \\ information architecture \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Put security measures in place to stop \\ unauthorized sensor reconfiguration. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Systems of the next generation do not \\ prioritize security. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[59] & Security flaws being exploited by & Industrial manufacturing equipment, & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Regularly update software and firmware, \\ create firewalls and network segments, \\ and evaluate the security situation in \\ industrial equipment design. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Problems with security implementation’s \\ compatibility, Security of networked \\ systems is difficult. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[59] & Compromise of platforms and & \begin{tabular}{c} Computers used for Computer-aided \\ infrastructure \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Put strong cybersecurity safeguards in \\ logic (CAD) design, industrial \\ network-domain \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} The widespread use of cloud-based \\ architecture creates new security \\ security patches and software updates on \\ a regular basis. Implement strict access \\ and authentication controls. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} The widestpread use of cloud-based \\ architecture creates new security \\ difficulties. Providing uniform security \\ measures across platforms and \\ infrastructure can be challenging. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[40] & Cybersecurity threats like direct and & Industrial networks, transportation & \
\begin{tabular}{c} The process of improving industrial \\ control systems' cybersecurity resilience \\ involves system identification, \\ vulnerability analysis, stakeholder \\ involvement, NSTF framework, DevOPs \\ and equipment with connectivity. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} The importance of cyber security in \\ industrial systems is crucial for industry \\ 4.0 management, and enhancing industrial \\ management support is vital for \\ evaluation methods, and STRIDE security \\ analysis. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[41] & Cyber espionage: Industry 4.0 is exposed & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Technologies for intrusion detection and \\ prevention and security evaluation, and \\ industrial control systems (DCS) risk \\ management, software updates, secure \\ communication \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Technology for intrusion detection and \\ prevention and security evaluation, and \\ industrial control systems (DCS) risk \\ management, software updates, secure \\ communication \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[41] & \begin{tabular}{c} The cyber espionage: Industry 4.0 is exposed \\ to cyber espionage due to smart and \\ linked corporate operations, Industry 4.0 \\ has become a favorite target for \\ well-organized cybercerminal gang \\ looking to steal intellectual property and \\ sensitive data. \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Assets Affected** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Risk Mitigation Strategies** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Challenges** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[41] & \begin{tabular}{c} Privacy issues may include compromised \\ data integrity and confidentiality, \\ unauthorized access and theft of \\ node identities \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} IoT devices, data \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Implement encryption, secure \\ authentication, and access \\ control measures. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Limited autonomy, a lack of \\ computational resources, and efficient \\ access control mechanisms. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[88] & Data exposure, data integrity difficulties, & & & \\ confidentiality issues, DoS (Denial of & Cloud / Fog services, data, Big data & & \\ service) attacks, and & \begin{tabular}{c} Cloud / Fog services, data, Big data \\ repositories, Virtualized resources. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Implement reliable monitoring, \\ encryption, and access control procedures. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Challenging to detect fraudulent behavior, \\ lack of trust in service providers, and lock \\ of control over access policies. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[59] & Malicious reconfiguration of sensors & \begin{tabular}{c} Sensors, manufacturing \\ information architecture \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Put security measures in place to stop \\ unauthorized sensor reconfiguration. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Systems of the next generation do not \\ prioritize security. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[59] & Security flaws being exploited by & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Industrial manufacturing equipment, \\ attack vectors. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Regularly update software and firmware, \\ create firewalls and network segments, \\ and evaluate the security situation in \\ industrial equipment design. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[59] & Compromise of platforms and & \begin{tabular}{c} Computers used for Computer-aided \\ infrastructure \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Put strong cybersecurity safeguards in \\ logic (CAD) design, industrial \\ network-domain \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} The widespread use of cloud-based \\ architecture creates new security \\ activities and software updates on \\ a regular basis. Implement strict access \\ infrastructure can be challenging. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[40] & Cybersecurity threats like direct and & Industrial networks, transportation & \
\begin{tabular}{c} The process of improving industrial \\ control systems' cybersecurity resilience \\ involves system identification, \\ vulnerability analysis, stakeholder \\ involvement, NSTF framework, DevOPs \\ and equipment with connectivity. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} The importance of cyber security in \\ industrial systems is crucial for industry \\ 4.0 management, and enhancing industrial \\ management support is vital for \\ comprehensive studies. \\ analysis. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[40] & \begin{tabular}{c} Cyber espionage: Industry 4.0 is exposed \\ to cyber espionage due to smart and \\ linked corporate operations, Industry 4.0 \\ has become a favorite target for \\ well-organized cybercerminal gang \\ looking to steal intellectual property and \\ sensitive data. \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Virtual data, violation of commercial \\ agreements, industrial control systems. \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Technologies for intrusion detection and \\ prevention and security evaluation, and \\ industrial control systems (DCS) risk \\ management, software updates, secure \\ communication \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}