## 1 Introduction
Furthermore, it has been found that small capacitors fabricated using graphene can store large amounts of electrical energy. Notably, graphene nanoparticles are good at saturable absorption, which is applied over ultrafast photonics. Despite promising results in different applications, preliminary studies have revealed the complete potential biocompatibility of graphene-based materials [20; 21; 22].Zirconium oxide nanoparticles mark a prominent place and are emerging in the field of nanotechnology. These nanoparticles are applied in particular applications, as they possess unique properties in electronics, biotechnology, and cosmetics [23]. Generally, zirconium is available in the form of nanofluids and nanoparticles. Zirconium is applied to insulating and fire-retardant materials, as they can resist high temperature up to 2715 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Graphene in powder form exhibits optical and pyro-optical properties, which are extensively used in optical storage industries [24; 25]. High ionic conductivity makes it one of the most useful in electroceramics [26; 27; 28]. Bamboo charcoal is produced by a carbonization process; it has excellent properties, such as high conductivity, adsorption properties, and a massive surface area. It is an environmentally functional material with unique absorption properties and has a large surface area with an efficient porous structure, making it more suitable for absorption into PU foam [29; 30]. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) or noise pollution happens due to the advancement of using large amounts of electromagnetic (EM) appliances in various industrial applications. Beyond EMI shielding, the essential operation is based on the Lorentz force law; a wave is an incident on the shielding's surface, and the electrons in the shield interact with the incident EM wave to create an EM field. The power of the input EM wave first reduced the induced EM field. We take three parameters in a complete set of EMI-shielding operations: absorption, reflection, and multiple reflections [31; 32; 33]. Later, this was difficult to construct because the materials required to build it were more costly. As a result, to achieve the intended results, the appropriate shielding material must be given under specific conditions. It is also critical to consider the performance characteristics of various EMI-shielding materials. In research, many conductive materials were adopted to study EMI shielding effectiveness. Though traditional metals such as aluminum and steel are widely employed for EMI shielding due to their high conductivity, they lack bulk and are prone to corrosion [34; 35; 36]. Incorporating conductive fillers, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNT), nano graphite, and graphene, into polymeric matrices is an appropriate method for fabricating conductive polymer nanocomposites as EMI-shielding materials [37; 38]. For example, [PERSON] et al. used CO\({}_{2}\) foaming to create porous poly(methyl methacrylate)/graphene composite foams with an EMI Shielding Effectiveness (SE) of 13-19 dB and a density of 0.79 g/cm\({}^{3}\)[39]. [PERSON] et al. created flexible thermoplastic polyurethane/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite foams with a shielding effectiveness of 21.8 dB using a supercritical CO\({}_{2}\) foaming method and 3.17 vol.% RGO [40]. [PERSON] et al. demonstrated that polystyrene/MWCNT composites with a 7 wt.% MWCNT loading achieved a shielding effectiveness (SE) value of 20 dB [41]. In contrast, [PERSON] et al. investigated the EMI shielding response of ethylene methyl acrylate/MWCNT composites. They discovered an SE value of 22 dB in the X-band at a 12 wt.% MWCNT loading [42]. A multifunctional composite foam with high EMI, high electrical conductivity, and excellent photo-electro-thermal properties may be valuable in various applications, such as sensing, actuating, energy harvesting, and many other fields [43; 44]. COMSOL Multiphysics is a finite element analysis simulation software.