## 3 Automatic Detection Method
This earthquake locates only 6 km away from a sub-fault of the Maidan fault in the Tianshan seismic belt and the stress originats from the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate, generating a series of reverse fault seismic activities involving this event. A series of aftershocks successively occurred one by one. Table 2 shows the information of aftershocks with a \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline  & & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**P1**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**P2**} \\ \hline Date (y m d) & 2021 & 11 & 28 & & 2021 & 12 & & 28 \\ Time (h m s ms) & 19 & 3 & 11 & 404 & 19 & 1 & & 11 & 404 \\ Orbit & 21668 & & & & 21668 & & & \\ Suborb & 1 & & & & 1 & & & \\ Latitude (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 37.6597 & & & & 30.1204 & & & \\ Longitude (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 99.9981 & & & & 101.940 & & & \\ Bkgdom (cm\({}^{-3}\)) & 32,710.7 & & & & 30,500.9 & & & \\ Amplitude (cm\({}^{-3}\)) & 42,544.1 & & & & 31,740.9 & & & \\ Trend & Increase & & & Increase & & & \\ Percent (\%) & 30.1 & & & 4.1 & & & \\ Time\_width (m s ms) & 1 & 48 & 0 & 1 & 18 & 0 \\ Extension (km) & 769 & & & 557 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Information on the two ion perturbations detected by the software along the CSES night orbit of 21668. Figure 2: (**a**) Location of the flight path (night orbit 21668) of the CSES on 28 December 2021. The red dot denotes the 8 January 2022, Menyuan \(M_{\text{S}}\) 6.9 earthquake in Northwest China. The two blue dots represent the peak positions searched by the software in Figure 1. (**b**) Variations in the O\({}^{+}\) density along the night orbit 21668 (black line) and their smoothed values (red line). The two perturbations detected are labelled P1 and P2. magnitude equal to or more than five till 25 February 2024. After that, no shocks with a magnitude more than five happened. From Table 2, most of the strong aftershocks took place within 3 days after the main shock. Only two aftershocks of \(M_{\rm S}\) 5.3 and an \(M_{\rm S}\) 5.8 took place at the end of February, one month after the last strong aftershock. The distribution of this Wushi earthquake sequence is displayed in Figure 3. The main shock happened in Wushi County and in the north of one reverse sub-fault of the Maidan fault. All aftershocks with a magnitude more than five took place within 20 km from the main shock, while most of them, including the biggest \(M_{\rm S}\) 5.8 aftershock on 25 February, were in the Aheqi area (see Figure 3). So, in the following part, only the biggest \(M_{\rm S}\) 5.8 aftershock is labelled in Figure 4 to display its relative location to future detected ionospheric perturbations. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Time/yyyymmdd hh-mm-ss** & **Latitude/\({}^{\circ}\)** & **Longitude/\({}^{\circ}\)** & **Magnitude/\(M_{\rm S}\)** & **Depth/km** \\ \hline
20240123 02-09-05 & 41.26 & 78.63 & 7.1 & 22 \\
20240123 02-42-33 & 41.33 & 78.70 & 5.2 & 14 \\
20240123 03-36-46 & 41.11 & 78.66 & 5.3 & 20 \\
20240123 07-19-25 & 41.21 & 78.71 & 5.2 & 15 \\
20240123 09-18-41 & 41.19 & 78.84 & 5.2 & 10 \\
20240124 04-38-12 & 41.06 & 78.65 & 5.7 & 10 \\
20240125 06-21-48 & 41.08 & 78.55 & 5.2 & 15 \\
20240126 04-01-28 & 41.29 & 78.83 & 5.6 & 18 \\
20240130 06-27-40 & 41.15 & 78.67 & 5.7 & 10 \\
20240224 06-58-55 & 41.12 & 78.54 & 5.3 & 10 \\
20240225 12-14-59 & 41.15 & 78.41 & 5.8 & 11 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Information of the 23 January 2024, Wushi \(M_{\rm S}\) 7.1 earthquake and its aftershocks with \(M_{\rm S}\geq 5.0\). Figure 3: Distribution of the Wushi \(M_{\rm S}\) 7.1 earthquake sequence with a magnitude equal to or more than 5. Red solid lines stand for sub-faults of the Maidan fault and black dotted lines for county boundaries.