## 4 State of the Art in AI Museum Chatbots
### Description of Selective Museum Chatbots
The idea of developing a chatbot for each artwork is aligned to a distributed and collaborative chatbot architecture proposed in this paper. \"Voice of Art\" chatbot is only accessible to the visitors of the museum and it cannot be evaluated. A video presentation was available on 30 August 2021 from: [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogpv984_6](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogpv984_6)]([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogpv984_6](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogpv984_6)) OA&t=185s. * Ask Mona Studio is a startup chatbot company that had developed around 44 chatbots for museums and cultural organizations in France [73]. There are no clear descriptions in the bibliography of the technologies that Ask Mona Studio is using. It appears that a chatbot platform similar to Chatfuel has been used, a platform that develops simple predefined QA Facebook Messenger chatbots [74; 75]. The designed chatbot conversations are predefined and curated with multimedia material. Users must follow a certain path, and every time they try to place a free-text question, the chatbot answers with a predefined answer or a message/reply of ignorance [76]. One of the chatbots, Ask Sarah chatbot at Petit Palais--City of Paris Fine Art Museum was available and active in Facebook Messenger on 30 August 2021 from [[https://www.messenger.com/t/273861966942/](https://www.messenger.com/t/273861966942/)]([https://www.messenger.com/t/273861966942/](https://www.messenger.com/t/273861966942/)). * The Culture Chatbot project [77] is an EU funded project that is initiated by the Jewish Heritage Network [78] and is implemented in three museums: The Museum of History of Polish Jews (POLIN) in Warsaw [79], the Jewish Historical Museum in Amsterdam and the Institute for the Union Catalogue of Italian Libraries and Bibliographic [80]. The project has researched the available (at that time) chatbot technologies and reached to three types of that could be implemented in the three partner museums: free-text search chatbot, guided search chatbot and engagement search chatbot. The platform that was chosen for developing the chatbots was Rasa chatbot platform [81]. The chatbots were developed to use NLU and ML techniques and designed to deliver a human-like conversation. In addition, they were designed to be connected to knowledge graphs [82]. The chatbots can be integrated in a webpage or a Facebook page and are bilingual. One of this chatbots was available in the Jewish Historical Museum in Amsterdam on 30 August 2021 from [[http://chatbot.jck.nl/](http://chatbot.jck.nl/)]([http://chatbot.jck.nl/](http://chatbot.jck.nl/)) and is a guided search chatbot. The chatbot is not fully trained yet and cannot answer free-text questions in a human-like manner. In addition, it is not clear in the bibliography that a KG was developed and implemented. * The Cartier Foundation for Contemporary Art in France developed a chatbot that is available at [[https://www.fondationcartier.com/en/](https://www.fondationcartier.com/en/)]([https://www.fondationcartier.com/en/](https://www.fondationcartier.com/en/)) (30 August 2021). The chatbot was developed with Google's Dialogflow and was designed to work with predefined questions and answers. The chatbot allows users to place their own free-text questions [83]. The chatbot can understand the intent of the questions but its training is limited. Irrelevant questions are answered with a predefined answer or an answer of ignorance and the chatbot tries to control/guide the conversation by providing to the users predefined multimedia content [84]. * The Akron Art Museum in Cleveland developed a fun Facebook chatbot named Dot [9,85,86]. The Dot is a guide chatbot with a well curated guided tour dialogue. Dot is friendly, fun, and smart but not clever enough, since it cannot answer any free question. However, Dot manages to keep up the interest and the excitement of museum's visitors with her \"character\" and the well-curated content and dialog design.