## 2 New Logic Processor Design
### Software Characteristics  
The DCS logic algorithm is a function code operating algorithm. A DCS function code is a symbol that performs a specific function. For example, we design a logic algorithm to satisfy the equation \(\text{a}+\text{b}=\text{c}\), \(\text{x}+\text{y}=\text{z}\), \(\text{c}+\text{z}=\text{w}\) with three Bailey Inc.-supported two-input sum logic symbols. Among all the function codes (242 EA), function code 1 is the \"Function Generator\", function code 2 is the \"Manual Set Constant\", and function code 82 is \"Segment Control\". Detailed descriptions are written in the operation manual. When one designs a logic algorithm, it is important to consider memory utilization. The RAM and NVRAM capacities are 256,000 bytes and 64,000 bytes, respectively. However, the design should allocate 163,248 bytes of RAM and 62,256 bytes of NVRAM, in case of the need to execute unknown work, e.g., an interrupt. Table 2 shows the capacity of NVRAM, RAM, and the execution time of each function code. Equation (1) shows a general memory calculation to predict memory utilization. \[T_{b}=FC\times NR\times n \tag{1}\]  
where \"\(T_{b}\)\" is total bytes, \"\(FC\)\" is the function code number, \"\(NR\)\" is NVRAM bytes, and \"\(n\)\" is the number of repetitions. In a DCS, function codes define the basic control logic and operational instructions executed by the processor in real time. Each function code corresponds to a specific control operation, such as arithmetic computation, logic evaluation, data handling, or communication. By analyzing function codes, it becomes possible to quantify the memory consumption (both NVRAM and RAM) and execution time associated with each operation. This information is critical for evaluating system performance, diagnosing potential bottlenecks, and designing effective overload control algorithms. Since processor resources are finite, especially in legacy or embedded systems, identifying high-load function codes enables targeted optimization, ensuring that the DCS operates reliably and efficiently under varying load conditions. In this case, our test platform, an INFI-90 DCS system, described in this section, consists of a PCU, OIS, and EWS [11]. At the same time, a PCU is a control node that controls and manages the actual processor of the INFI-90 system [3; 11]. In particular, the control values for process control are determined by the algorithm preset in the memory of the PCU module, and these control values determine the operations of functions such as Alarm, Logging, Process Monitoring, Control, and Trend in the central console. In addition, the operator interface station (OIS), which provides all information on process control to the system operator, has the main functions of process control and operation status monitoring, and has functions such as alarm management, operation status, and operation records [4; 12]. Finally, the EWS provides the operator with a logical function that supports the development of algorithms suitable for various processes of the power plant. It also supports real-time monitoring for each process. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Function Code** & **NVRAM (Bytes)** & **RAM (Bytes)** & **Execution Time (in usec)** \\ \hline
1 & 46 & 88 & 38 \\ \hline
2 & 12 & 40 & 17 \\ \hline
82 & 64 & 260 & 0 \\ \hline
100 & 40 & 144 & 185 \\ \hline
242 & 84 & 338 & 300 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Memory utilization and execution time for selected function codes in terms of NVRAM, RAM, and processing latency. Moreover, the INFI-90 DCS system supports a specific function code to check the microprocessor. For example, function code 82, same as segment control, groups subsequent blocks into a scan cycle executed at a specified rate and priority [5,12]. Eight segment controls can use each module, i.e., the MFP module. However, users do not know how the segments are made or how they can use the segments efficiently on the system, because the manufacture does not release that information.