## 3 Results and Discussion
### Analysis of Satellite Images
Table 2, based on the sum of squares, shows that clusters 1 (18.786) and 3 (45.106) presented lower values than those obtained in cluster 2 (101.971), demonstrating that the sum of the group reached high quantitative similarity of averages. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{K-Means Clustering} \\ \hline Clusters & N & R\({}^{2}\) & AIC & BIC & Silhouette \\ \hline
3 & 91 & 0.693 & 201.860 & 247.060 & 0.560 \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{Cluster Information} \\ \hline  & Cluster & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline Size & & 2 & 69 & 20 \\ Explained proportion within-cluster heterogeneity & 0.113 & 0.615 & 0.272 \\ Within the sum of squares & 18.786 & 101.971 & 45.106 \\ Silhouette score & 0.280 & 0.580 & 0.502 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Representation of K-Means Clustering and Cluster Information. Figure 6: Composition of Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite images: CHL_NN summer 2020 (**A**); CHL_NN winter 2021 (**B**); TSM_NN summer 2020 (**C**); TSM_NN winter 2021 (**D**); ADG443_NN summer 2020 (**E**); ADG443_NN winter 2021 (**F**). It is essential to highlight that the descriptive statistical elements in Table 3 reveal a high variance between summer and winter data for the three variables analyzed. When observing the CHL_NN variable, it is noted that the average varies so that summer (8.197) is higher than winter (5.183). However, the maximum chlorophyll value remains balanced in both seasons (21.806 in summer and 21.030 in winter). This supports the interpretation that in winter, the chlorophyll in the region is more dispersed [16; 21]. For the TSM_NN variable, the results follow a similar logic in the average CHL_NN data. The average in summer (33.051) is higher than in winter (14.420). However, maximum turbidity resulted in 232.553 for winter, while in summer, the recorded value was much lower (100.000). As for the ADG443_NN variable, summer presents its lowest suspended pollution potential values, with an average of 1.195 and a maximum of 4.188. The winter average is 3.909, while the maximum reaches 32.201. Using the ADG443_NN (Table 3), it is possible to evaluate a high difference between the results from summer 2020 (4.188 m\({}^{-1}\)) and winter 2021 (32.201 m\({}^{-1}\)). When ADG443_NN is elevated, in this case, in winter, it concentrates more significant water pollution [1]. These results highlight a significant difference in the data collected in summer and winter, explainable by climatic and meteorological variations between the seasons, highlighting the importance of carrying out this type of analysis considering the particularities of each season analyzed [1; 55]. The logic behind the K-Means statistical model algorithm to group the 91 collection points from the Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite images can be understood through Table 4, where the data averages within each cluster are observed. In this context, it is noted that cluster 1 presents high levels of CHL_NN (m\({}^{-3}\)), TSM_NN (g m\({}^{-3}\)), and ADG_443_NN (443 m\({}^{-1}\)), in which the majority of chemical elements are concentrated. Aluminum, iron, magnesium, and sodium, among others, were identified in aquatic sediments collected from the field (Table 1). Figure 7 allows for the visual observation of specialized clustering using the K-Means method. The points are joined according to the distribution of data collected in Cartagena Bay. In this relationship, Table 4 demonstrates that the highest reflectance averages are found in cluster 1, in the Playa Blanca region, where the river meets the ocean. This point source of pollution and contamination flows into the Pacific Ocean and gradually disperses as it moves away from the continent. This led to the chara