###### Abstract  
Idle bandwidth resources are inefficiently distributed among different users. Currently, the utilization of user bandwidth resources mostly relies on traditional IP networks, implementing relevant techniques at the application layer, which creates scalability issues and brings additional system overheads. Information-Centric Networking (ICN), based on the idea of separating identifiers and locators, offers the potential to aggregate idle bandwidth resources from a network layer perspective. This paper proposes a method for utilizing user bandwidth resources in ICN; specifically, we treat the use of user bandwidth resources as a service and assign service IDs (identifiers), and when network congestion (the network nodes are overloaded) occurs, the traffic can be routed to the user side for forwarding through the ID/NA (Network Address) cooperative routing mechanism of ICN, thereby improving the scalability of ICN transmission and the utilization of underlying network resources. To enhance the willingness of users to contribute idle bandwidth resources, we establish a secure and trustworthy bandwidth trading market using blockchain technology. We also design an incentive mechanism based on the Proof-of-Network-Contribution (PoNC) consensus algorithm; users can \"mine\" by forwarding packets. The experimental results show that utilizing idle bandwidth can significantly improve the scalability of ICN transmission under experimental conditions, bringing a maximum throughput improvement of 19.4% and reducing the packet loss rate. Compared with existing methods, using ICN technology to aggregate idle bandwidth for network transmission will have a more stable and lower latency, and it brings a maximum utilization improvement of 13.7%. bandwidth sharing; incentive mechanism; ICN; consensus algorithm +
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However, the original design of the TCP/IP network protocol was to ensure reliable end-to-end transmission, and it lacks native support for addressing and routing in the process of resource sharing. Therefore, these methods usually implement relevant techniques and mechanisms at the application layer. This can affect system scalability, and the complex application layer methods can also incur high computational and network resource overhead. Unlike the traditional TCP/IP protocol stack, ICN [5; 6] decouples identifier and locator, replacing the IP-based network architecture of traditional networks with a new network architecture that uses the ID as the thin waist. This avoids the problems caused by IP semantic overload. ICN uses globally unique IDs to name entities or resources within the network, providing a foundation for utilizing idle bandwidth resources at the user end from a network layer technology perspective. The development of ICN has given rise to many related projects. Based on different routing and forwarding methods, existing ICN paradigms can be mainly divided into two types: the name-based routing ICN paradigm and the independent name resolution ICN paradigm. The former mainly uses hierarchical naming, combining name resolution with message routing. Typical examples of this paradigm include Content-Centric Networking (CCN) [7], Named Data Networking (NDN) [8], and Content Network (CONET) [9]. These ICN architectures are incompatible with existing IP networks and require comprehensive upgrades to the underlying network infrastructure, resulting in high deployment costs. The latter type uses flat naming, decoupling name resolution from the message routing process. Examples include MobilityFirst [10], Network of Information (NetInf) [11], and SEANET [12]. In this ICN architecture, a Name Mapping Resolution System (NMRS) is responsible for maintaining the relationship between network addresses and identifiers. Resource or service publishers can register their NA and corresponding ID with the NMRS. The network can then obtain the publisher's NA from the NMRS using the resource identifier ID and perform routing and forwarding based on the NA.