## 4 Discussion  
This is the first study to quantify the short-term movement and longer-term survival of White Sharks after catch and release from SMART drumlines. Post release, White Sharks  
Figure 5: Explanatory models with 95% confidence intervals for distance (km) White Sharks (_Carchardon cardarias_) were detected from the coast in relation to (**a**) time since release (hours), (**b**) total length (cm) of the sharks, and (**c**) shark sex. moved offshore before moving back to the nearshore coastline. While SMART drumlines are a useful tool for catching White Sharks by intercepting them before they can interact with water users, their offshore movement after release provides a means of minimizing further shark-human interactions by those individuals in that area in the short term. The potential benefits that SMART drumlines offer for reducing shark-human interactions are discussed below by considering the movement and longer-term survival of White Sharks after release. Although White Sharks are a globally targeted species for shark bite mitigation measures, they are also protected throughout much of their range [63] and, as such, a process whereby White Sharks are removed from an area of potential human-wildlife conflict with no long-term harm to the animal is desired [64]. Our results indicate that rapid response to SMART drumline captures of White Sharks can deliver this outcome. All White Sharks were detected post-release, either through their SLRT or acoustic tags. The distance from the release site to the first detection indicates that the sharks actively swam away after release. All sharks swam offshore once released, a behavioral post-release response to capture that is well documented for other shark species such as Dusky Shark (_Carcharhinus obscurus_) and Sandbar Shark (_Carcharhinus plumbus_) [65]. When used in isolation, the SLRT tags showed that most sharks remained offshore (>3.5 km from the coast) for an average of three days before slowly making their way back to shore. Using animal-borne cameras incorporating multi-sensor biologogging tags, [PERSON] et al. [66] monitored the fine-scale short-term behavioral responses of White Sharks to SMART drumline capture and estimated the longevity of the impact on the natural behavior of White Sharks as defined by changes in swimming speed. These analyses indicate that White Sharks released from SMART drumlines recovered to exhibit non-disturbed behavior and tail-beat rates within 10 h post-release. These findings also corroborate those of [PERSON] et al. [52] who showed the capture process associated with SMART drumlines to be relatively benign on the short-term physiological status of White Sharks under the current response times. Acoustic detections and recaptures of White Sharks caught by SMART drumlines and other fishing gear, years after initial capture and tagging, also demonstrate little or no physiological impact in the medium to longer term. The speed of movement post-release varied among individuals, yet most individuals moved relatively fast and generally offshore. Some individuals were detected up to 40 km offshore from the release site in the first 24 h post-release. Average swimming speeds of 0.8 m s\({}^{-1}\) have been documented in White Sharks off eastern Australia using drones [67] and SLRT tags [38]. These swimming speeds are lower than those recorded elsewhere (>1.31 m s\({}^{-1}\), [68]; average 0.94 m s\({}^{-1}\), [69]) and may represent slower nearshore movements. As swim speeds of up to 10 m s\({}^{-1}\) have been recorded when White Sharks are near potential prey, such as seal colonies [70] and schools of fish [67], it is extremely plausible that post-released sharks are moving more rapidly when heading offshore and could easily move 40 km in 24 h.  
Although the explanatory variables investigated in this study were not key predictors for the distance from the coast where sharks were located within the first 10 days post-tagging, female and smaller White Sharks were most likely to return inshorse during this period.