# Analysis of the Relationships between Factors Contributing to Marine casualties
## 4 Results  
The results of the calculations are presented numerically and graphically in the form of the rankings: Table 3, Figure 4, as well as the plains: Figure 5a,b and Figure 6a,b. The Promethee ranking sorts the actions in relation to the net flow (\(\varphi\)) obtained during the calculation. The ranking range is from \(-1\) to \(1\). The higher the (\(\varphi\)) value, the more the action meets the preferences. This means that it has the lager impact on the problem, considering all criteria simultaneously. The ranking order, together with the value of (\(\varphi\)), is shown in Table 3. The weakest actions are placed on the left, the strongest are placed on the right. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Criteria**} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Action**} & **C1** & **C2** & **C3** & **C4** \\  & **Human** & **System \& Equipment** & **Other Agent** & **Hazardous** \\  & **Action** & **Failure** & **or Vessel** & **Materials** \\ \hline A1 & 50.8 & 44.1 & 12.9 & 21.0 \\ \hline A2 & 2.8 & 12.2 & 5.4 & 6.5 \\ \hline A3 & 18.2 & 13.7 & 10.0 & 33.8 \\ \hline A4 & 5.5 & 3.7 & 5.0 & 8.9 \\ \hline A5 & 3.6 & 3.0 & 48.8 & 1.6 \\ \hline A6 & 11.6 & 14.9 & 15.9 & 16.1 \\ \hline A7 & 7.5 & 8.4 & 2.1 & 12.1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Assessment of the actions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **A2** & **A4** & **A5** & **A7** & **A6** & **A3** & **A1** \\ \hline \(\varphi\) & \(-0.2200\) & \(-0.2178\) & \(-0.1765\) & \(-0.1635\) & 0.0331 & 0.0794 & 0.7315 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Ranking of the actions. Figure 4 allows for a quick assessment of the dominance of an action over the others. The actions are distributed along the \(\varphi\)-axis. Larger gaps indicate a greater difference in the final evaluation. The actions located close to each other obtained similar results. Their impact is also similar. Action A1 (ship operations affected by human behaviour) comes  
Figure 4: Promethee ranking. Figure 5: GAIA Plane: (**a**) Multicriteria assessment; (**b**) Single assessment of criterion C1. Figure 6: GAIA Plane: (**a**) Single assessment of criterion C3; (**b**) Single assessment of criterion C4. first. It has a big lead over the next action. Action A1 is the strongest factor. It has the greatest impact on the occurrence of accidents. In second place is action A3 (the impact of the environment on ship operations). A short distance away is action A6 (the impact of rules and procedures on shore management). These three groups of causes dominate and are responsible for the occurrence of the highest number of casualty events. The remaining actions (A7, A5, A4 and A2) scored almost equally lower. They have less influence on the occurrence of the problem. A small number of actions (decisions or solutions to the problem) allows for quick analysis. This is the case here. The number of actions is only seven. This also be very useful to identify subgroups of actions when analysing a larger number of actions. A subgroup is a group of actions that have obtained close results. This approach can also be applied in this case. Three subgroups were identified: the first subgroup contains only one component A1, the second subgroup contains components A3 and A6, and the third subgroup contains components A7, A5, A4, and A2. Figures 5 and 6 show the results of the GAIA calculations. The plain presents three-dimensional evaluation in a two-axis dimension. The main element is the resultant vector (red), which leads into the north-eastern quadrant. It is the outcome of a multi-criteria assessment of the actions and shows the direction of the preference. The actions (A1-A7) are represented by points. The criteria (C1-C4) are represented by axes (blue). The plain allows several things to be checked at the same time. First of all, the different relationships between the actions in both multi-criteria and single-criteria evaluations are visible.