# Factors of the Technology Acceptance Model for Construction IT
## 1 Introduction  
Recently, as the industrial society has advanced and business strategies and systems have been systematized, productivity has improved in various industries. At the same time, the level of information technology (IT) is increasing every day and the scope of its application is widening rapidly.  
Thus, the construction industry is becoming knowledge information-intensive, passing information within and between enterprises, and governments are establishing information-intensive worldwide construction businesses.  
Construction enterprises are also utilizing information systems such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Knowledge Management Systems (KMS), and Project Management Information Systems (PMIS) to meet their different needs [1]. The information techniques that began with the use of Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Building Information Modeling (BIM) and structure analysis programs have evolved into the latest information-intensive techniques of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) and Ubiquitous, which are common in the field.  
However, while in other industries, the end users have introduced, developed, and spread IT, in the construction industry, government and company owners have done so.  
Therefore, users in the construction industry do not understand IT as well as users in other industries and become accustomed to it more slowly. According to a survey by JBKnowledge (2690 respondents) [2], 42.5% used fewer than three software programs on average during constructionprojects. Most of them were found to be using Excel. Moreover, 48.7% was found to be exchanging data through old methods due to the absence of an integrated platform.  
It is clear that the use of IT in the construction industry will spread with the changing paradigm, and the extent of IT application will increase rapidly as well. Thus, a study showing the extent of users' acceptance of IT within the context of the construction industry needs to be conducted.  
Based on this perception, we conducted actual research on IT acceptance by individuals using it in the construction industry based on [PERSON]'s technology acceptance model (TAM). In this study, we aim to grasp how the use of IT in the construction industry impacts users and to determine whether the latest IT should be introduced by analyzing whether users are able to accept it.  
This study is classified into four steps. In the first step, external variables were derived based on a review of the literature on cognitive engineering and the study of TAMs in other industries and the construction IT TAM (and its accepters in the construction industry). These external variables were organized into the six areas based on expert brainstorming: acceptance type, frequency of use, educational satisfaction, usage knowledge, usage enjoyment, and usage experience. In the second step, we used these variables as the basis of the hypotheses to determine the effects of the internal and external variables for each factor. In the third step, based on the hypotheses, we conducted a survey to derive the TAM for consumers in the construction area. Survey participants included people working in construction industry basic law or in the general construction industry, such as contractors for government or public enterprises, construction workers, supervisors, managers of construction businesses, and engineers. Finally, based on the results of the survey, the suitability of the TAM and the established hypothesis were verified.  
The specific contents of construction IT that form the object of this study are based on the software most often used in the construction industry; we classified them into the following five groups through consultation with experts:  
1. Scheduling programs: Microsoft Project, Primavera Project Planner, etc.
2. Design programs: CAD, BIM, Microstation, Plant Design Series, etc.
3. Information technology communications: GPS, GIS, etc.
4. Wireless technology: RFID, etc.
5. Management programs: KMS, PMIS, etc.