# Wireless Communication Technologies for Smart Grid Distribution Networks +
## 5 Summary and Conclusions
### Future Research Work  
While a limited number of studies have analyzed the performance of the various communication technologies in high-voltage distribution line environments, there is scope for future research in this domain. Some promising research directions include:  
* Simulation-Based Performance Analysis: To address the dearth of studies on high-voltage distribution lines, conducting simulations of different communication protocols under such conditions is a crucial step. Evaluating the performance of the following prominent wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies will provide insights into the suitability and efficiency of these technologies in the context of high-voltage distribution lines: ZigBee (802.15.4 standard), WiMax, Bluetooth, WiFi, and 5G.  
* Mathematical Modeling of Communication Channels: The development of mathematical models for the communication channels within the grid infrastructure, specifically in high-voltage (HV) power lines, is a valuable avenue of research. Techniques such as Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using software like ANSYS Maxwell can be employed. Such models can be informed by the findings from the literature review in this paper, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the communication channels' behavior in HV environments.
* Performance Evaluation Using the Link-Quality Indicator (LQI): To extend the analysis, an evaluation of the technologies reviewed in this paper, particularly in HV distribution line scenarios, using metrics like the Link Quality Indicator (LQI) is necessary. The methodology for these assessments can draw inspiration from the approaches detailed in the referenced articles. Utilizing network simulation tools like OpNET can facilitate these evaluations.
* Defining WSN Performance in Power System Environments: A significant contribution would be the definition of WSN performance in power system environments, a knowledge gap that currently exists in the literature. Providing insights into the strengths and weaknesses of different WSN technologies within this context can aid in informed decision making for smart grid deployments.
* Development of Protocols and Strategies: Based on the insights gained from initial experiments and performance evaluations, there is potential for the development of new protocols and strategies for smart grid communication. These innovations can be shaped by real-world findings and may lead to advancements in the reliability and efficiency of communication systems within the smart grid.  
By exploring these research avenues, we can contribute valuable knowledge to the field of smart grid communication, address existing gaps, and pave the way for more robust, reliable, and efficient energy distribution systems.  
The authors contributed equally to this work. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was supported by the Universidad San Francisco de Quito through the Poli-Grants Program under Grant 17993.  
Not Applicable.  
No new data were created in this study.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.