## 6 Earth Observation Tools
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l} \hline \hline
**Name** & **Description** & **Source** \\ \hline ESA Toolboxes & A set of software packages developed by the European & [[https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/pi-](https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/pi-)]([https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/pi-](https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/pi-)) \\  & Space Agency specifically to handle data from ESA & community/toolboxes \\  & instruments, as well as a wide range of other remote & \\  & sensing data. & \\ \hline CIAS & CIAS is an image cross-correlation tool built on top of & CIAS: \\  & the free IDL Virtual Machine. It can be used for feature & [[http://www.mn.uio.no/geo/english/rese](http://www.mn.uio.no/geo/english/rese)]([http://www.mn.uio.no/geo/english/rese](http://www.mn.uio.no/geo/english/rese)) \\  & tracking of surface displacement, for example to study & arch/projects/icemass/cias/ and COSI- \\  & sea ice movement, permafrost slump, or glacier flow & Corr: \\  & [167]. Another extensively used tool in the glaciology & [[http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip](http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip)]([http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip](http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/slip))\_h \\  & community is COSI-Corr, a plugin within the & istory/spot\_coseis/ \\  & commercial package ENVI [169]. & \\ \hline GDAL Libraries & A powerful translator library for raster and vector & [[http://www.gdal.org/](http://www.gdal.org/)]([http://www.gdal.org/](http://www.gdal.org/)) \\  & geospatial data formats. & \\ \hline Generic Mapping & An open source collection of about 80 & [[http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/](http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/)]([http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/](http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/)) \\ Tools (GMT) & command-line tools for manipulating geographic and & \\  & Cartesian data sets. & \\ \hline GNU Octave & A numerical computational language quite similar to & [[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/](http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/)]([http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/](http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/)) \\  & MATLAB, so that most programs are easily portable. & \\ \hline GRASS GIS & Software suite used for geospatial data management and & [[http://grass.osgeo.org/](http://grass.osgeo.org/)]([http://grass.osgeo.org/](http://grass.osgeo.org/)) \\  & analysis, image processing, graphics and maps & \\  & production, spatial modeling and visualization. & \\ \hline ImageJ & Java-based generic raster editor with extensive plugin & [[http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/](http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/)]([http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/](http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/)) \\  & capabilities. & \\ \hline Multispec & Simple, lightweight geographical/multispectral raster & [[https://engineering.purdue.edu/](https://engineering.purdue.edu/)]([https://engineering.purdue.edu/](https://engineering.purdue.edu/))\textascihel/ \\  & viewer and editor. & MultiSpec/ \\ \hline PROJ.4 Cartographic & A library (often implemented in other programs, such as & [[http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/](http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/)]([http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/](http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/)) \\ Projections Library & MATLAB, R, QGIS, _etc._) used for a wide variety of & \\  & cartographic reprojection. & \\ \hline Quantum GIS & A free and open source geographical information system & [[http://www.qgis.org/](http://www.qgis.org/)]([http://www.qgis.org/](http://www.qgis.org/)) \\ (QGIS) & to view and edit a range of raster and vector data; & \\  & programmable with python; integrates with GRASS, & \\  & GDAL and R. & \\ \hline Quantarctica & A collection of Antarctic geographical datasets that & [[http://www.quantarctica.org/](http://www.quantarctica.org/)]([http://www.quantarctica.org/](http://www.quantarctica.org/)) \\  & works within QGIS. & \\ \hline R project & A free software environment for statistical computing, & [[http://www.r-project.org/](http://www.r-project.org/)]([http://www.r-project.org/](http://www.r-project.org/)) \\  & data analysis and graphics. & \\ \hline SAGA-GIS (System & An open framework for implementing and visualizing a & [[http://www.saga-gis.org/en/index.html](http://www.saga-gis.org/en/index.html)]([http://www.saga-gis.org/en/index.html](http://www.saga-gis.org/en/index.html)) \\ for Automated & wide variety of spatial algorithms. Running on Windows & \\ Geoscientific & and Linux, SAGA-GIS integrates well with R, which can & \\ Analyses) & be used to execute SAGA commands. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}