# A Comprehensive Survey on Real-Time Applications of WSN
## 3 Applications of WSN
### WSN and Health  
In health, WSN uses an advanced medical sensor to improve health applications. WSN is used to monitor diseases like Alzheimer's and heart attacks [60]. Table 8, depicts the examples of real-time applications for health monitoring system. [PERSON] et al., 2006 investigated a real-time sensor at hospital indoor ambiance and found that it was quite significant. They studied the blood oxygen level and heart rate of the patients admitted in the Emergency units of John Hopkins Hospital, USA. The authors collected the statistics of the network RF links, the performance of tree routing, and its reality in the network. The authors inferred that the real-time sensor has a potential application in the healthcare sector. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**References** & **Application** & **Sensors** & **City Deployed in** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2011) [57] & \begin{tabular}{c} Environmental Decision \\ Support \\ \end{tabular} & Water Level Sensors & Portsmouth, UK \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2013) [58] & WaterWise6 SG & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Temperature, Humidity, \\ Moisture, Temperature \\ \end{tabular} & Singapore \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2017) [59] & SOUNET &
\begin{tabular}{c} RF (radio frequency)antenna, \\ Underwater Modem \\ \end{tabular} & Mungyeong, Korea \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Examples of prototyped applications for underwater situations. Figure 6: Aquarium of Zaragoza Solution Diagram [56]. RF: Radio Frequency. [PERSON] et al., 2011 investigated and incorporated the real-time sensors on smartphones and made them more user friendly in the health care system. They integrated the sensors on mobile phones via the usage of a barcode. The mechanism they delineated is the only comprehensive for the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and for the future scope of work they have suggested that the monitoring of the blood glucose level, blood pressure, and several kinds of diagnostics could be possible via the application of real-time sensors. [PERSON] et al., 2015 investigated real-time sensors for the diagnosis of cardiac patients. The authors selected the age group 18-66 years, and among this age group, they selected some individuals. The authors introduced this application to cater for severe cardiac patients who are unable to attend a routine checkup. One of the main reasons behind this technology is to commercialize it for the benefit of those patients who are not financially sound. They have deployed these sensors under the supervision of experts. Furthermore, the system is developed in such a manner that any kind of crisis phase will be generated in terms of messages that will be automatically sent to the doctor. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)  
The usage of wireless devices has been increasing constantly; many modern technologies have been designed that are using wireless networks, producing decent results and making many challenging and demanding technologies accessible and easy to use. Special wireless devices for healthcare systems are called Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs introduced a dynamic arena of development and research into today's life. WBANs contributed their application ubiquitously. The literature suggests that WBANs will broaden their horizon in terms of a human being's activity. Pertaining to human health, WBAN systems give an insight into the physiological conditions of a human being. Generally, WBANs monitor the real time condition of health and send feedback to the end user or physicians via the connectivity. Mostly, they are used to monitor physiological parameters such as the heartbeat, temperature, stress level, and oxygen level. In spite of these physiological parameters, they also monitor and analyze the routine of exercise and the requirement of the human body. Figure 7, shows the overview of WBAN architecture.