## 3 Results  
### The IGBP Mixture Activated the cAMP Level Related to the Adipogenesis Mechanism in Adipocytes  
Upon measuring the cAMP level acting in the process of suppressing adipogenesis in cells, we found that in the C group (716.7 \(\pm\) 35.1 pmol/mL), it significantly decreased compared to that of the NC group (1097.0 \(\pm\) 35.8 pmol/mL). Furthermore, the Met (1014.0 \(\pm\) 162.8 pmol/mL), IG200 (1362.7 \(\pm\) 26.1 pmol/mL), and BP200 groups (1033.3 \(\pm\) 45.1 pmol/mL) showed significant increases relative to the C group. In the case of the IGBP 2:1 group, the values of the 50, 100, and 200 \(\mu\)g/mL doses (1556.3 \(\pm\) 65.0, 1761.3 \(\pm\) 39.0, and 1975.0 \(\pm\) 60.5 pmol/mL, respectively) increased in a dose-dependent manner compared to those of the C group. Finally, a synergistic effect of IG and BP was observed in the IGBP 2:1 group (Figure 1A). The IGBP Mixture Regulated the Protein Expression Levels Related to the Adipogenesis Mechanism in Adipocytes  
The results of the protein expression level measurements related to the mechanism of suppressing adipogenesis are shown in Figure 1. The phospho-CREB/CREB ratio was significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\mu\)g/mL groups (12.79 \(\pm\) 0.26, 6.73 \(\pm\) 0.74, and 6.26 \(\pm\) 1.09, respectively) in a dose-dependent manner compared to that of the C group (18.58 \(\pm\) 2.44) (Figure 1B). On the other hand, MAPK expression significantly increased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\mu\)g/mL groups  
Figure 1: Effects of the IGBP 2:1 mixture on the adipogenesis mechanism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes: **(A)** cAMP level (ELISA), **(B)** p-CREB/CREB expression ratio (Western blotting), **(C)** MAPK expression (Western blotting), **(D)** C/EBP\(\beta\) expression (Western blotting), **(E)** C/EBP\(\alpha\) expression (Western blotting), and **(F)** PPARV expression (Western blotting). NC, normal control; C, differentiated control; Met, metformin 1 mM; IG200, IG 200 \(\mu\)g/mL; BP200, BP 200 \(\mu\)g/mL; IGBP 2:1 (50, 100, or 200 \(\mu\)g/mL). The resulting values are shown as mean \(\pm\) standard deviation (SD; \(n=3\)), and the different superscript letters (alphabet) indicate significance at \(p<0.05\). (\(0.33\pm 0.06\), \(0.35\pm 0.03\), and \(0.34\pm 0.03\), respectively) relative to the C group (\(0.15\pm 0.02\)) (Figure 1C). The C/EBP\(\beta\) expression significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL groups (\(0.40\pm 0.02\), \(0.10\pm 0.00\), and \(0.09\pm 0.00\), respectively) compared to the C group (\(0.61\pm 0.02\)) (Figure 1D). The C/EBP\(\alpha\) expression level also significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL groups (\(0.14\pm 0.02\), \(0.11\pm 0.02\), and \(0.06\pm 0.01\), respectively) in a dose-dependent manner relative to the C group (\(0.30\pm 0.02\)) (Figure 1E). Finally, the PPAR\(\gamma\) expression significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL groups (\(0.22\pm 0.03\), \(0.12\pm 0.01\), and \(0.08\pm 0.00\), respectively) in a dose-dependent manner compared to that of the C group (\(0.30\pm 0.02\)) (Figure 1F). The IGBP Mixture Regulated the Protein Expression Levels Related to the Adipogenic Gene in Adipocytes  
The results of the protein expression level measurements related to the adipogenic gene are shown in Figure 2. The FABP4 expression significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL group (\(0.32\pm 0.04\)) compared to that of the C group (\(0.48\pm 0.04\)) (Figure 2A). The adiponectin expression level significantly increased in the IGBP 2:1 50, 100, and 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL groups (\(0.73\pm 0.04\), \(0.69\pm 0.02\), and \(0.66\pm 0.02\), respectively) compared to that of the C group (\(0.43\pm 0.01\)) (Figure 2B). Conversely, the leptin expression significantly decreased in the IGBP 2:1 100 and 200 \(\upmu\)g/mL groups (\(0.20\pm 0.02\) and \(0.10\pm 0.01\), respectively) compared to that of the C group (\(0.24\pm 0.01\)) (Figure 2C).