## 3 Results and Discussion
### Non-Volatile Compounds in the Ethanol Extracts and UHPLC-MS
This class of compounds is described in the literature with antioxidant, antifungal, and anticonvulsive activities [22; 23]. Figure 1: (**A**) PCA score plot (PC1 xPC2) of UHPLC-MS analysis of _Schinus treebinthifolia_ Raddi leaf extracts and (**B**) PCA biplot of the same extracts. According to PASS online software, these anacadic acids could also present properties such as taurine dehydrogenase inhibitor, lipoprotein lipase inhibitor, antimutagenic, and cholesterol antagonist, among others. The bioactivity prediction is based on the chemical structure of the compounds; so many compounds with similar structures are asso  
Figure 2: Hierarchical cluster analysis (Heatmap) with top 65 features and groups average of _Schinus tetebithinifolia_ non-volatiles. Distance: Euclidean. Autoscaling features. Normalized data. Clustering algorithm: Ward. ciated with the same properties [17]. However, these are interesting activities to verify in future studies. Mass features \(m/z\) 453 and 455, which were strongly associated with T1, do not have an elucidative fragmentation pattern. However, they were also observed in ethanolic extracts of \(S\). _terbehinthifolia_ leaves by [PERSON] et al., [23] with the same mass formula. Masticadienoic acid (\(m/z\) 453) and schinol (\(m/z\) 455) previously described in \(S\). _terbehinthifolia_ leaf extracts showed antifungal activity against _Paracoccidioides brasiliensis,_ anti-inflammatory activity (inhibiting the activity of phospholipase A2) and antileishmanial activity [24; 25; 26]. Finally, features \(m/z\) 183, 197, 335, and 349, were also reported by [PERSON] et al., [23] and are gallic acid derivatives. Some derivatives of gallic acid were described as responsible for the antioxidant activity of \(S\). _terbehinthifolia_ extracts [27]. Furthermore, methyl gallate was shown to have antimicrobial activity [28]. Several of these putatively identified components present important biological activities, supporting further studies of this species's leaves as a source of bioactive molecules. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Rt min** & **[M-H]– (\(m/z\))** & **Fragments (\(m/z\))** & **Collision Energy (eV)** & **Proposed Compound** & **Level** & **Reference** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{0.37} & \multirow{3}{*}{341.111} & 297.1199; 267.9441; 221.0675; & & & & Disaccharide & [29] \\  & & 161.0451; 131.0346; 101.0254; & & C\({}_{12}\)H\({}_{21}\)O\({}_{11}\) & & metlin \\  & & 89.0241; 71.0146; 59.0139 & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{0.50} & \multirow{3}{*}{173.0458} & 155.0347; 137.0246; 111.0451; & & & Shikimic acid & [29] \\  & & 99.0449; 93.0344; 83.0504; 73.0294 & & C\({}_{2}\)H\({}_{10}\)O\({}_{5}\) & & metlin \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{2.48} & \multirow{3}{*}{183.0305} & 124.0168; 78.0108 & 20 & Methyl gallate C\({}_{8}\)H\({}_{8}\)O\({}_{5}\) & 2 & [23] \\  & & 169.0137; 124.0166; 78.0109 & 20 & Ethyl gallate & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & [23] \\  & & & C\({}_{9}\)H\({}_{9}\)O\({}_{5}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{3.52} & \multirow{3}{*}{335.0418} & 183.0296; 124.0164; 78.0107 & 40 & Methyl digallate & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & [23] \\  & & & C\({}_{15}\)H\({}_{11}\)O\({}_{9}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{3.84} & \multirow{3}{*}{349.5650} & 197.0458; 169.0145; 124.0169 & 20 & Ethyl digallate & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & [23] \\  & & & C\({}_{16}\)H\({}_{14}\)O\({}_{9}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{4.68} & \multirow{3}{*}{255.2350} & - & 20 & C\({}_{16}\)H\({}_{32}\)O\({}_{2}\) & 4 & - \\  & & & & C\({}_{20}\)H\({}_{32}\)O\({}_{3}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{4.93} & \multirow{3}{*}{319.2285} & \multirow{3}{*}{275.2385} & \multirow{3}{*}{20} & Anacardic acid (13:0) & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & [3] \\  & & & C\({}_{20}\)H\({}_{32}\)O\({}_{3}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{5.00} & \multirow{3}{*}{369.2473} & \multirow{3}{*}{325.2540; 119.0504} & 20 & C\({}_{24}\)H\({}_{34}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 3 & - \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-4} \cline{6-