## 2 Materials and Methods
### Method  
Block samples taken from Adana City were triturated, dried for 24 h under a steady temperature of 105 \(\pm\) 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C and, afterwards, pulverized using a grinder. Index properties of the taken samples and prepared mixtures were obtained by means of performing traditional laboratory experiments like sieve analysis, pycnometer and proctor compaction. CaCO\({}_{3}\) and nano-CaCO\({}_{3}\) were mixed uniformly with dry clay samples at varying ratios. Then, water was added to the prepared mixtures at the optimum ratio and mixed until uniformity was reached. Afterwards, GFCS-mixed new samples were prepared and then mixed with water until reaching uniformity to carry out further tests. All samples were cured in 5 kg bags in a curing room for 24 h to preserve their moisture content. According to the standards, lime specimens such as cubes, floor screeds and soil-lime mixtures should be cured in controlled environmental conditions. Specifically, the curing environment must maintain a stable temperature of 20 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\circ}\)C (i.e., between 18 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 22 \({}^{\circ}\)C) to ensure \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c} \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Appearance**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**White Nano-Powder**} \\ \hline Average Particle Size (mm) & 15–40 \\ \hline Bulk Density (kN/m\({}^{3}\)) & 0.2 \\ \hline Specific Surface Area (m\({}^{2}\)/g) & Cubic \\ \hline Whiteness (\%) & 93 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Element Analysis (\%)} & CaCO\({}_{3}\) & MgO \\ \cline{2-3}  & \textgreater{}97.5\% & \textless{}0.9\% \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & Insoluble content in hydrochloric acid \textless{}0.5\% \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Chemical composition of nano-CaCO\({}_{3}\)[44]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Property**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Typical Value**} \\ \hline Tensile Strength & 3.4–3.5 GPa \\ \hline Young’s Modulus (Elastic Modulus) & 72–80 GPa \\ \hline Density & 2.60–2.65 g/cm\({}^{3}\) \\ \hline Thermal Expansion Coefficient & 5.0 \(\times\) 10\({}^{-6}\)/\({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline Melting Point & 1250–1450 \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline Electrical Conductivity & Insulator (Dielectric) \\ \hline Moisture Absorption & \textless{}0.1\% \\ \hline Alkali Resistance (for AR glass) & High \\ \hline Fiber Length & 3 mm–25 mm (depends on application) \\ \hline Filament Diameter & 10–15 \(\upmu\)m \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Component**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Approximate Percentage (\%)**} \\ \hline SiO\({}_{2}\) (Silicon Dioxide) & 52–56 \\ \hline Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (Aluminum Oxide) & 12–16 \\ \hline CaO (Calcium Oxide) & 16–25 \\ \hline B\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (Boron Oxide) & 5–10 \\ \hline MgO (Magnesium Oxide) & 0–5 \\ \hline SiO\({}_{2}\) (Silicon Dioxide) & 52–56 \\ \hline Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (Aluminum Oxide) & 12–16 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Properties of Glass Fiber Chopped Strands [43]. proper hydration and strength development. Additionally, the relative humidity should be maintained at a minimum of 95%, with values typically exceeding 98% to minimize moisture loss and prevent surface drying [45; 46] (ASTM C511, 2020; EN 12390-2, 2019). Subsequently, tests were conducted on the samples with the use of a model cylindrical testing case 600 mm in height and 600 mm in diameter which was produced using steel bars 10 mm in thickness. A circular model footing was placed on the sample concentrically with the model testing case. Compaction of the 25 mm-thick samples was carried out by dropping a custom-manufactured 2 kg mallet 80 times for each layer from a 200 mm elevation inalterably onto the model footing [47]. Water content and uniformity of the sample surfaces were checked when required. Vertically applied loads on the model footing and settlements at two evenly designated places from the center of the model footing were read by two ESIT Inc-manufactured load cells and ELE Inc-manufactured electronic vertical displacement transducers, respectively, which were all assembled into the testing case at specified locations.