### Cloud Computing Adoption in SMEs  
Studies demonstrate that CC adoption in SMEs may be dependent upon various reasons or contextual factors. The first is the technology readiness rationale, which covers the technological readiness of an organization, where CC can complement or replace a platform or technology infrastructure. In particular, companies that employ specialists (computer scientists, etc.) are in a better position [23; 24]. For the use of naive employees who use CC, it is imperative to make them aware of how it operates (basic and updates) to eliminate any resistance they may have before using CC [25]. Second, the organizational context encompasses top management support, which should be considered a necessity for support from the upper management with regard to the introduction, implementation, and deployment of different IT technologies. This rationale encompasses providing a long-term vision, strengthening values, growing organizational relationships, and overcoming resistance to change [26; 27]. Last but not the least, the environmental context contains competitive pressure and regulatory support [24]. Competitive pressure is the pressure competitors exert on an enterprise in the same industry [28]. The enterprises thus introduce CC mainly for the purpose of operation in the market [27; 29], in which SMEs often require guidance and, in most cases, engage only after following large enterprises that set market trends [30]. Regulatory support refers to the support provided by the government authority to encourage IT innovation by enterprises [24; 31]. Current legislation and policies can either encourage CC adoption in enterprises or act as barriers to it [29; 32]. CC services allow SMEs to gain a competitive edge and be relevant in the information industry. They acknowledge different factors that include the following advantages in using CC services. The first perceived benefit is cost savings, as CC services allow SMEs to facilitate outsourcing more easily through a reduction in transaction costs [25; 27; 33; 34; 35]. Inaddition, infrastructure management and IT costs may be reduced [36; 37]. Secondly, SMEs may perceive CC services as beneficial in terms of security by using information encryption, robust access control systems, key management, and security insight [38; 39]. Thirdly, the staff of the whole enterprise may benefit, as CC services may encourage employees to communicate more efficiently and work together, which increases the productivity and efficiency of employees and has a further impact on the enterprise's competitiveness in the market [40]. While CC provides many benefits for SMEs, the availability of risks concerning CC can be determined by SMEs and are divided into six groups by [41; 42]. The first group is economic-financial resources, which include profitability, cost reduction, economic benefit, tax incentives, financial planning, difficulties in obtaining credit, and high costs of recruiting experts [43; 44]. The second group includes legal risks, such as legal jurisdiction, regulatory concerns and pressures, and data security, as well as a lack of standards and questions regarding the reliability of systems and the confidentiality of corporate data [45; 46]. The third group of risks is the competence/expenditure group, which includes usability assessment, lack of certified staff, staff resistance, constant staff turnover, and a lack of knowledge of staff capabilities and general knowledge of cloud computing [47]. The next group of risks is associated with the technical landscape that includes internet connectivity issues, incompatibilities, data security and privacy concerns, business reliance on the internet, and weak IT infrastructure [44; 48]. The fifth group is associated with implementation or operational and customization issues, problems of coordination with partners, questions of ownership, and other general implementation issues [49; 50].