## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Fruit Morphological Characterization  
The seven wild edible _Durio_ genotypes were diverse and unique in physical attributes compared to the common cultivars of _D. zibethinus_. This unique look of the wild edible durian makes it easily identified by the locals only by looking at its shape and size or even the spine shape. Among the studied wild durians, there were three genotypes under the species of _D. gravelens_, i.e., _D. gravelens_ (isu kuning), _D. gravelens_ (isu oren), and _D. gravelens_ (isu merah), as they were named by the locals based on its pulp colour (yellow-fleshed, orange-fleshed and red-fleshed, respectively. Under the species of _D. zibethinus_, the local people have addressed this aggression as durian kampung, also known as durian Terung iban. The detailed fruit morphological characteristics are presented in Table 3. The exocarp of the seven genotypes varied from red, green, and yellow. Among the genotypes, the most attractive durian was _D. dulcis_, which the exocarp in red. _Durio kutejensis_ and _D. gravelens_ (red-fleshed) exhibited yellow exocarp, while _D. gravelens_ (yellow- and orange-fleshed), _D. axleynaus_, and _D. zibethinus_ possessed green exocarp. This shows that the wild edible durian genotypes were very attractive compared to the common _D. zibethinus_, which appears green to pale green [21]. _Durio gravelens_ species exhibited the most appealing pulp colour, which displays the colour yellow-fleshed, orange-fleshed, and red-fleshed. According to [PERSON] et al. [13], the colour of the durian flesh generally has its own appeal in terms of the durian consumption rate. Apart from their aesthetic value, colouration in durian pulp (yellow, orange, and red) indicates that this fruit contains high carotenoids, anthocyanins, and polyphenols which is supported by [PERSON] et al. [4], where Black Thorn possessed the reddish-orange pulp colour with highest total carotenoid content. The presence of carotenoids proves that the fruit has antioxidant properties that would benefit human health, such as eyes, brain, and heart health, as cancer prevention, UV protection, and immune stimulation [22; 23]. The wild edible durian genotypes' fruit shapes ranged from globose to obovoid, except _D. kutejensis_ in obovate and _D. zibethinus_ (terung iban) ovoid fruit shapes. This indicates that the indigenous edible durian from Sarawak exhibits an oblong to globose shape compared to the common durian cultivars, such as common durian cultivars in Malaysia, e.g., D197 (Musang King), D160 (Te Ka) and D175 (Udang Merah), mostly having oval to ellipsoidal [24]. The fruit base shape varied from flat to round, acute, round, and convex, extensively visualized. The Sarawak indigenous durian genotypes possessed flat to round fruit base shape that is likely to be similar to the common _Durio_ species. The spine shape is an important parameter to look into detail that could differentiate the species or varieties [25], as some local _Durio_ species have similar fruit colour, shapes, and sizes. [PERSON] et al. [26] reported that due to their physical similarity, _D. gravelens_ and _D. axleynaus_ were created confusion among locals in Sarawak as both referred to as 'isu'. However, they can be differentiated by their spine shape, where _D. gravelens_ have a conical spine shape while _D. axleynaus_ possessed pyramidal with conical and sharply pointed spines. _Durio zibethinus_ (Terung iban) exhibited a distantly arranged short spine with the shape of a pointed convex. It was observed that although the fruit size of _D. kutejensis_ was smaller, the thickness of the arils (31.18 \(\pm\) 5.41 mm) was comparable with the common _D. zibethinus_ cultivars. _Durio zibethinus_ (Terung iban) also possessed a significantly higherthickness at 30.65 \(\pm\) 3.73 mm. This is contradicted by the _D. dulcis_, where the fruit size was significantly larger (\(p\) < 0.05) yet exhibited lesser arid thickness (5.75 \(\pm\) 2.19 mm).