## 3 Results
### Analysis of Ventilation Rate Results
However, depending on architectural requirements or aesthetic considerations, the WO4 or WO3 models can also be considered acceptable alternatives. On the other hand, WO1 and WO2 models with lower ventilation efficiency should not be selected for buildings where natural ventilation is prioritized. The normalized ventilation rate (Q/Q\({}_{\text{ref}}\)) reached the highest value of 1.372670 in the WO5 model, providing a ventilation rate 37.27% higher than the reference condition. The Q/Q\({}_{\text{ref}}\) value of the WO1 model was significantly below the reference level with 0.140321 and was the model with the lowest performance. Looking at the color intensity in the graph in Figure 22, models WO1 and WO2 were represented by low intensity colors and the color intensity increased from WO3 to WOS. With this color transition, it was easily understood that the models with higher ventilation rates provided more efficient ventilation. Figure 30 provides a graphical comparison of the ventilation rates calculated for isolated building models with a fixed inlet window size and varying outlet window sizes. Upon examining the results, it is evident that the LO5 model achieves the highest ventilation rate. With a ventilation rate of 0.003814 m\({}^{3}\)/s, the LO5 model stands out as the most efficient option for natural cross ventilation. The LO4 model follows with a ventilation rate of 0.003547 m\({}^{3}\)/s. The larger outlet openings in these models facilitate airflow within the building, enhancing ventilation efficiency. The LO3 model, ranked third, has a ventilation rate of 0.003021 m\({}^{3}\)/s and exhibits moderate performance. While the LO3 model provides a higher ventilation rate than models LO2 and LO1, which have smaller outlet openings, it falls short of maximum performance. This finding highlights the significant role that the width of the outlet opening plays in the effectiveness of air circulation. The LO2 model, ranked fourth, has a ventilation rate of 0.001809 m\({}^{3}\)/s, performing better than the LO1 model. However, the LO1 model, with a ventilation rate of 0.000467 m\({}^{3}\)/s, demonstrates the lowest performance, indicating that a narrow outlet opening severely restricts airflow. The low ventilation rate of the LO1 model clearly shows that small outlet openings are inadequate for effective airflow in natural ventilation systems. Examining the normalized ventilation rate (Q/Q\({}_{\text{ref}}\)) values for the building models from LO1 to LO5, the LO1 model performs at only 15.67% of the reference, indicating the lowest performance in terms of normalized ventilation rate. This suggests that the LO1 model is insufficient for natural ventilation performance when compared to the reference model, potentially lacking in energy efficiency or indoor air quality. The LO5 model, on the other hand, achieves the highest normalized ventilation rate, providing 128.03% of the reference ventilation rate. This indicates that the LO5 model delivers approximately 28% more ventilation than the reference model. The LO2 and LO3 models exhibit moderate efficiency, achieving 60.71% and 101.42% of reference ventilation performance, respectively. These models possess the potential to meet basic indoor air exchange requirements but deliver lower performance compared to the LO4 and LO5 models. Figure 29: Heat map of Q and Q/Q\({}_{\text{ref}}\) distribution for an isolated building with various inlet window opening sizes. Figure 31 shows a comparison of the ventilation rates calculated for cross-ventilated isolated gable roofed building models with various inlet and outlet opening positions. The ventilation rates obtained for nine alternative building combinations show how the positions of both inlet and outlet openings have a decisive influence on the natural ventilation performance. When the results were examined, in the models where the inlet opening position was fixed at 20 mm, changing the outlet opening height at 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm created differences in ventilation rates.