# A Comprehensive Survey on Real-Time Applications of WSN
## 3 Applications of WSN
### WSN and Health
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**References** & **Application** & **Sensors** & **City Deployed in** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2006) [61] & Improved Efficiency and Quality of Care & MiTags & John Hopkins Hospital, USA \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2011) [62] & Ubiquitous Healthcare Solution & Electrocardiogram (ECG) Sensor & \\  & & Node, 3G, Code Division Multiple & Busen, Korea \\  & & Access (CDMA), GSM & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2015) [63] & Real Time monitoring System & Wearable Biosensors, Android Device, Smart Phone & Pathumthani, Thailand \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. (2017) [64] & Structural Health MonitoringSystem & Wireless Smart Aggregate sensor, RF & Shenyang, China \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Examples of prototyped applications for health. ECG: Electrocardiogram; CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access. In this world, where the population is growing vastly but the resources are not sufficient, there should be some systems that satisfy imminent health care demands. The main purpose behind these low power wireless body area network devices is to efficiently utilize hospital facilities for those patients who need more care than those whose health is not critical, but still, the monitoring of their health is required and due to any reason they are not able to stay in the hospital for longer. All WBAN applications are based on three-tier architecture. All three tiers or levels are based on some devices, and these devices help WBANs to get and monitor data obtained from the human body and these levels are defined as follows [65; 66]. Table 9, Shows the examples of real-time applications for wireless body area networks. * **Level 1:** First level of WBAN architecture is called the body sensor unit that is based on one or more body sensor units and are placed outside or inside of the human body. This sensor gets required data from the human body and sends it wirelessly to the next layer. * **Level 2:** Second layer is called the body central unit. The body central unit contains personal servers, and these servers get data from sensors which calculate and manipulate this data, generating the required results. This layer can be based on a wireless computer system, an Android mobile phone, or any GPS supported system that can manipulate received data. * **Level 3:** Third layer based on end user's machines where end users are medical assistance or physicians and their machines can be a computer or mobile phones. These machines gather the required information from layer two, and ask end users to provide a response for a patient's fitness. If there are some emergency results, then the machine sends an alarm to the end user and makes it possible to generate a quick response so that patients can get proper treatment. [PERSON] et al., 2010 studied a health monitoring system. They developed iCare for the senior citizen person. The real-time sensor caters for the daily needs of the elderly persons through reminders, alarms, and medical comprehensive guides, etc. Additionally, the real time sensor makes an active database for further communicating with the family, friends, and doctor when there is a critical situation. Furthermore, it helps to monitor health in a very comprehensive and convenient way. [PERSON] et al., 2011 studied the application of real-time sensors for elderly persons and their well being. They developed wearable gloves via which the sensor nodes work, and during an emergency situation, they generate an alarm, short messaging system, and voice call. The sensors measure the heart rate, oxygen content, body temperature, and pressure. This was not developed before; the authors have attempted to make a user-friendly device which can prevent life-threatening conditions. [PERSON] et al., 2013 investigated real-time sensor applications on body posture in offices, restrooms, homes, etc. It was observed that wrong posture or positioning of the body led to vulnerable outcomes for elderly persons.