# Comparative Analysis of Target Displacements in RC Buildings for 2023 Turkiye Earthquakes
## 1 Introduction  
Studies to be conducted after destructive earthquakes provide critical information to both realistically present the situation in the affected region after the earthquake and to reduce the effects of similar disasters in the future. It provides suggestions for improvement and reconstruction processes by correctly assessing the condition of structures that have suffered different levels of damage or destruction. Studies to be conducted in earthquake-affected regions can reveal whether the earthquake hazard is adequately represented or not, and can also reveal the inadequacy of current construction and structural engineering techniques. These studies contribute to the development of earthquake-resistant building design rules. Within the scope of this study, it was tried to reveal whether the earthquake hazard was adequately represented for 11 provinces of Turkiye affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquakes and the effect of this hazard on structural analyses especially within the scope of performance-based earthquake engineering. Two significant earthquakes occurred independently of one another, nine hours apart, on 6 February 2023, in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), the main tectonic zone in Turkiye, located in the Alpine-Himalayan earthquake belt. In addition to occurring on the same day, these earthquakes were large, shallow, and affected a vast area. The aftershocks caused even more loss of life and property. Examining and evaluating structural damage after each devastating earthquake provides valuable insight for presenting earthquake hazards more realistically and developing earthquake-resistant building design principles. Each of these studies can be appraised as a case study. There are many studies examining theoretically and numerically the causes of damage to different structural systems following earthquakes in different settlements around the world. [PERSON] et al. [1] evaluated the damages from the 2015-Gorkha (Nepal) earthquake through field investigations. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [2] investigated the collapse mechanisms using comparative static pushover and limit analyses for seven churches damaged in the 2012 Italy earthquake. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [3] examined building damage after the Wenchuan earthquake in the context of cause and effect. [PERSON] et al. [4] investigated the damage to steel buildings following the Christchurch earthquake series. [PERSON] [5] examined the structural damage in churches after the L'Aquila earthquake. [PERSON] et al. [6] evaluated the damage caused by the earthquake and tsunami in Japan. [PERSON] et al. [7] classified earthquake damage using artificial intelligence after the 2014 South Napa earthquake. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] examined earthquake damage and collapse mechanisms for a castle in Italy after the earthquake. [PERSON] et al. [9] classified the damage in settlements after the Zagreb earthquake in their study. [PERSON] et al. [10] conducted a damage assessment and subsequent strengthening recommendations for a historical masonry structure after the 2020 Zagreb earthquake. [PERSON] et al. [11] used a macro-modeling approach to assess masonry arch bridges under earthquake loading. [PERSON] et al. [12] evaluated the environmental effects of the Hualien earthquake. [PERSON] et al. [13] examined the damage in Medieval monuments around New Delhi in detail and proposed a new approach. [PERSON] [14] examined structural damage specifically for the 1855 Edo earthquake. [PERSON] et al. [15] investigated the seismic failures in buildings after the Luding earthquake. [PERSON] [16] explored the relationship between earthquake failures and structural irregularities. [PERSON] et al. [17], [PERSON] et al. [18], and [PERSON] et al. [19] investigated the failures in different types of structures after the Sivrice (Elazig) earthquake. There are many studies that have evaluated the earthquake damages in different structural systems following 6 February 2023, Kahramanmaras earthquakes within the scope of structural and earthquake engineering.