## 1 Introduction
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Year** & **City and Region** & **Magnitude (M)** \\ \hline
1978 & Hongseong, Chungcheongnam-do & 4.9 \\ \hline
1994 & Sinan, Joellanam-do & 4.9 \\ \hline
2003 & Baengryeong Island, Incheon & 5.0 \\ \hline
2004 & Uljin, Gyeongsangbuk-do & 5.2 \\ \hline
2013 & Sinan, Joellanam-do & 4.9 \\ \hline
2013 & Baengryeong Island, Incheon & 4.9 \\ \hline
2014 & Taean, Chungcheongnam-do & 5.1 \\ \hline
2016 & Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do & 5.8 \\ \hline
2017 & Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do & 5.4 \\ \hline
2019 & Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do & 3.5 \\ \hline
2021 & Sinan, Joellanam-do & 3.7 \\ \hline
2022 & Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do & 4.1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: List of past earthquakes in Korea based on data collected by the Korea Meteorological Administration [2]. R/C buildings with non-seismic details, which are expected to exhibit the shear failure of columns. Seismic retrofitting must be performed using an efficient and economical method according to the expected seismic magnitude and degree of damage. Typical seismic retrofitting methods for existing R/C buildings include using various reinforcing materials such as steel braces, precast concrete, and steel plates, as well as increasing the cross-sectional area through pouring. Representative types include the wall construction method, jacketing method, steel plate reinforcement method, and steel bracing seismic retrofitting [3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. However, all these seismic retrofitting methods have shortcomings [5; 14; 15], as listed below:  
* They increase the weight of a building. Thus, buildings with weak foundations, such as R/C buildings with non-seismic details, may require foundation reinforcement. * Securing a workspace is difficult during seismic retrofitting, and the utilization of space is limited. * In the case of the steel plate reinforcement method (one of the most commonly used methods), the weight of the steel plate makes transport and pressing work difficult. In particular, when steel plate pressing is applied to a damaged structure, it is impossible to confirm whether the adhesion between the parent material and the steel plate is sufficient. In some cases, heavy steel plates hang from the parent material, causing further problems. * Accurate construction is required. To address the above problems, new retrofitting methods have been developed using new composite materials such as carbon, aramid, and glass fibers, and these have attracted attention [16; 17; 18; 19]. However, these methods also have several shortcomings [15], as listed below:  
* Preparation is required for rough surface work. * The reinforcement effect varies depending on the fiber direction (i.e., the anisotropy problem). * Securing a workspace is difficult when construction is performed in a narrow space. * Expensive materials. * Applying ductile reinforcement to non-seismic detailed buildings with insufficient shear strength is inefficient. As described above, while the importance of seismic retrofitting has recently increased as one of the measures against earthquakes, conventional seismic retrofitting methods have many shortcomings when applied to buildings with non-seismic details, such as increased weight, problems with securing construction space, and economic feasibility problems. Figure 1: Shear damage of R/C buildings in the 2017 Pohang Earthquake [1]. In recent years, vibration control systems have been developed and utilized to secure seismic stability in buildings while considering technical and social demands. The ASCE 7-10 [20] and ASCE/SEI 7-22 [21] standards of the United States reflect the procedures for applying seismic design to vibration control systems, including dampers and seismic resistance systems. JBDPA [22] of Japan and KDS 41 [23] of Korea also include standards to allow vibration control system design, which includes seismic isolation and damping structures, to be reflected in structural design.