## 3 Results and Discussion
### Pesticide Residues in Apples and Citrus Fruits--Comparison
#### 3.1.1 Apples
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Pesticide**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Group**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Range of Pesticides Concentration**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MRL**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**LOQ**} \\ \cline{3-3} \cline{5-8}  & & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Whole Apples**} & & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Apple Peels**} & & \\ \cline{3-8}  & & **2012** & **2020** & **2012** & **2020** & **2012** & **2020** \\ \hline methoxyfemoxide & 1 & \(<\)LOQ-0.0135 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.0932 a & \(<\)LOQ-0.0190 b & 2. mg/kg [47] & 2. mg/kg [88] & 0.0001 \\ \hline thiodoxarb & 1 & \(<\)LOQ-0.0056 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.0346 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 0.2 mg/kg [30] & not approved & 0.0001 \\ \hline epoxionazole & F & \(<\)LOQ-0.0116 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.075 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 0.05 mg/kg [99] & not approved & 0.0001 \\ \hline hexafluoruron & 1 & \(<\)LOQ-0.0615 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.321 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 0.01 mg/kg [15] & not approved & 0.0001 \\ \hline triadimed & F & \(<\)LOQ-0.0128 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.0791 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 0.2 mg/kg [22] & 0.029 \\ \hline indooxcarb & 1 & \(<\)LOQ-0.0338 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.2153 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 0.5 mg/kg [51] & 0.5 mg/kg [52] & 0.0002 \\ \hline cyproodil & F & \(<\)LOQ-0.0094 b & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & \(<\)LOQ-0.0588 a & \(<\)LOQ \(c\) & 1 mg/kg [33] & 2. mg/kg [53] & 0.001 \\ \hline fenpyroximate & A & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ-0.0332 a & \(<\)LOQ b & 0.3 mg/kg [28] & 0.3 mg/kg [54] & 0.0001 \\ \hline iproxicalarb & F & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ-0.0269 a & \(<\)LOQ b & 0.05 mg/kg [30] & 0.01 mg/kg [55] & 0.0001 \\ \hline lufenuron & I & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ-0.0282 a & \(<\)LOQ b & 0.5 mg/kg [30] & 1. mg/kg [54] & 0.0002 \\ \hline bentazon & H & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ-0.0311 a & \(<\)LOQ b & 0.1 mg/kg [36] & 0.03 mg/kg [40] & 0.001 \\ \hline teflonenzuron & I & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ b & \(<\)LOQ-0.0286 a & \(<\)LOQ b & 1 mg/kg [25] & not approved & 0.0001 \\ \hline captain & F & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.020 b & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.396 a & 3 mg/kg [33] & 10 mg/kg (sum of captain and THPI, expressed as captain) [56] & 0.01 \\ \hline fundokoornil & F & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.0970 b & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.5300 a & 5 mg/kg [28] & 5 mg/kg [40] & 0.0001 \\ \hline tetrahydrophthalimide & & & & & & 10 mg/kg (sum of captain and \\ (THPI)-captan & F & - & 0.0530-0.4600 b & - & 0.3360-2.6610 a & & THPI, expressed as captain) [56] & 0.01 \\ \hline rhopryam & F & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.0220 b & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.1310 a & 0.6 mg/kg [56] & 0.6 mg/kg [16] & 0.01 \\ \hline tebuconazole & F & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.0130 b & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.081 a & 1 mg/kg [57] & 0.3 mg/kg [58] & 0.0001 \\ \hline acetonitrile & I & - & \(<\)LOQ b & - & \(<\)LOQ-0.128 a & 0.7 mg/kg [39] & 0.4 mg/kg [59] & 0.0001 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._In the analysed samples of apples from 2012, cases of disulfoton levels higher than the MRL (0.01 mg/kg) [32] were only noted in four samples (0.0204 mg/kg, 0.0268 mg/kg, 0.0314 mg/kg and 0.0321 mg/kg); in four other samples of apples, the levels corresponded to the value of MRL or were only slightly higher (0.0113 mg/kg, 0.0114 mg/kg, 0.0125 mg/kg and 0.0154 mg/kg). Earlier legislation, i.e., the Commission Regulation (EC) No. 149/2008 of 29 January 2008 [30], specifies a higher value of MRL, i.e., 0.02 mg/kg. At present, disulfoton is not approved for use in the European Union. Disulfoton is an insecticide, and it is used among other things for the control of aphids and spinning mites. This pesticide has a highly toxic effect in the case of ingestion or absorption through the peel. In the case of long-term exposure, it may have mutagenic effects and cause incorrect synthesis of DNA in fibroblasts [62; 63]. The Directive of the European Commission 2003/14/EC of 10 February 2003, amending Directive 91/321/EEC on preparations for infants and related preparations [64], does not allow the use of disulfoton in agricultural raw materials for the production of infant food.