# Floral Scent Variation in the Heterostylous Species _Gelsemium sempervirens_
## 2 Results
### Overall Scent Profile
**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**C1**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**C2**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**C3**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**W1**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**W2**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**W3**} \\ \hline  & & & **L (N = 3)** & **S (N = 6)** & **L (N = 6)** & **S (N = 6)** & **L (N = 8)** & **S (N = 6)** & **L (N = 8)** & **S (N = 9)** & **S (N = 8)** & **L (N = 9)** & **S (N = 10)** & **S (N = 10)** & **S (N = 11)** \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fergly Acid Drawings**} & & & **4.07 (0.00)** & **1.40 (0.00)** & **1.77 (0.00)** & **1.00 (0.00)** & **5.00 (0.02)** & **0.77 (0.05)** & **0.19 (0.00)** & **1.77 (0.05)** & **0.50 (0.03)** \\ \hline
56 & Decane & 1000 & - & 0.08 (0.00) & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ \hline
37 & (2)-3-Heenyl acetate* & 1019 & 0.04 (0.00) & - & 0.11 (0.03) & 0.04 (0.00) & 0.12 (0.00) & - & 0.08 (0.00) & 0.2 (0.2) & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.2 (0.1) & 0.3 (0.2) \\ \hline
58 & Heely Acetate & 1027 & 0.06 (0.03) & 0.02 (0.02) & 0.04 (0.02) & 0.12 (0.07) & 0.04 (0.02) & - & 0.05 (0.03) & 0.07 (0.00) & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.05 (0.02) \\ \hline
99 & (2)-3-Heenyl acetate & 1007 & - & - & - & 0.04 (0.00) & - & - & 0.03 (0.03) & 0.09 (0.07) & 0.01 (0.01) & - & - & 0.03 (0.03) \\ \hline
60 & Unscheme & 1100 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ \hline
61 & Natural & 1128 & 0.05 (0.03) & 0.01 (0.01) & - & 0.03 (0.03) & - & - & 0.01 (0.01) & - & - & 0.02 (0.02) & 0.01 (0.01) & - \\ \hline
62 & (1-Heers/butadiene) & 1197 & - & - & 0.02 (0.01) & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & 0.02 (0.02) \\ \hline
63 & Decane* & 1200 & - & 0.01 (0.01) & - & 0.09 (0.03) & - & - & - & - & - & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.02 (0.00) & - \\ \hline
64 & (2)-3-Heers/2- & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & 0.01 (0.01) \\ methyl/butadiene & 1242 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & - & 0.01 (0.01) & 0.02 (0.00) & - \\ \hline
65 &A typical headspace total ion chromatogram (Figure 2) shows the predominant compound in this floral scent is benzaldehyde which was present in every flower sampled and averaged between 23% and 80% of the VOC peak areas. In addition to benzaldehyde, other benzenoids found in these flowers included benzyl benzoate (2-15%), 4-anisaldehyde (2-11%), acetophenone (0.4-6%), 4-methylanisole (0.2-4%), and benzyl alcohol (0.3-3.5%). Terpenoids were the next most abundant class of compounds and included (\(Z\))-\(\alpha\)-ocimene (0-34%), \(\alpha\)-farresene (0.1-16%), \(\beta\)-ionone (0-9%), dihydro-\(\beta\)-ionone (0-5%), \(\alpha\)-ionone (0.03-3.1%), and \(\alpha\)-pinene (0.01-4%). Fatty acid derivatives were present in smaller quantities and included 2-pentadecanone (0-12%), 2-tridecanone (0-4%), and 2-heptadecanone (0-3%). Ethanol (2-17%) was found in most of the floral scent profiles and is known to be associated with nectar inhabiting yeasts [32; 33]. For all 74 flowers sampled for floral scent, the total peak areas ranged from 2.5 million to 117 million counts. These values were used to estimate floral scent strength of the flowers. As measured by total peak area, the floral scent strength emitted from L flowers was greater than the scent of S flowers (\(\chi^{2}=3.3\), df = 1, \(p=0.07\)). The L flowers had an average total peak area of \(49.6\pm 4.9\) million and the S flowers had an average total peak area of \(36.8\pm 3.7\) million. Conversely, there was no detectable difference in total peak area between the flowers within wild (\(43.3\pm 5.3\) million) and cultivated (\(43.5\pm 3.8\) million) populations (\(\chi^{2}=0.4\), df = 1, \(p=0.5\)).