## 1 Introduction  
Technological progress in agriculture has increased energy consumption per hectare several times, and agriculture has become a major energy consumer [1]. Energy in agriculture is directly used in fuel and electric machinery and equipment [2]. Energy consumption in agriculture is increasing due to intensifying and more complex mechanized operations [3, 4]. Shallow tillage consumes about 9 liters less fuel per hectare than deep tillage [5, 6]. An intensive effect of agricultural mechanization on soil compaction results in higher energy consumption [7]. Studies have shown that traction affects fuel consumption. During strip tillage, the traction force of the machine ranged from 1712 N to 5370 N, and fuel consumption ranged from 7.51 h\({}^{-1}\) to 8.71 h\({}^{-1}\)[8]. Tractor tire contact area with soil also has an influence for fuel consumption and traction force. Bigger effect of soil moisture content is significant on increasing fuel consumption because the tire slip [9]. However, tire contact area is not this research purpose. Continuous tillage mechanically changes the soil, affecting its physical, biological, and chemical properties [10, 11, 12]. Energy consumption can be reduced by optimizing complex technological processes [13, 14, 15, 16]. Other researchers have identified important and proper measures to reduce energy consumption [13, 17, 18] related to the level of mechanization and agricultural engineering processes, as well as utilization of soil nutrients [19, 20]. Tillage changes the physical properties of the soil, the dynamics of nutrients, and the soil is more affected by erosion [21, 22, 23]. [PERSON] et al. [24] state that, 40 days after cultivation of loamy sand soil, an increase in soil density was observed at a depth of 0-100 mm, while soil density remained unchanged at a depth of 100-150 mm. The traction force of the machine during tillage depends not only on the technological and structural parameters of the working parts, but also on the physical properties of the soil and the properties of plant residues remaining on the soil surface [25; 26; 27]. Working with notched disc working parts requires less traction than working with flat-blade discs or forged counters [28; 29]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [30] state that regardless of the dimensions of the working parts, increasing the working depth significantly increases the traction force, but no such trend has been observed with increasing driving velocity. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [31] found that the gravitational force in sandy soils increases when increasing soil moisture, density, and tillage depth. Lower energy consumption is also influenced by soil structure, but this influence is smaller than the effects of mechanization [5]. Due to their physical-mechanical, biological and other properties, plant residues interfere with the quality of work of tillage machines [32]. Plant residues embedded in the soil are one of the disturbances when ensuring proper tillage and sowing technological process [33]. In addition, [PERSON] et al. [34] found that higher yields were obtained in soil in which plant residues were removed. Studies of the mechanical properties of plant residues are relevant to the quality of tillage and sowing technological processes, the production of agricultural machinery and the selection of their working parts [35]. Researchers in various countries have found that the force required to cut or break plant residues depends on the plant type, stem diameter, plant length, moisture, cell structure and elasticity, the time which the residue remains on the soil surface after harvest, and also on whether biopreparations are used to accelerate the mineralization of plant residues [35; 36; 37; 38]. Biopreparations are most commonly used as nutrients for soil and plants. Plants sprayed with the biopreparation solution absorb mineral substances much better, grow more intensively, and their productivity increases [39; 40].