# Application-Aware SDN-Based Iterative Reconfigurable Routing Protocol for Internet of Things (IoT)
## 5 Proposal of SADFIR
### Network Forwarding Phase (NFP) of SADFIR
### Energy Consumption Ratio

The energy consumption ratio is considered to measure the overall network performance of any routing protocol. As the network operation tends to progress, the sensor nodes keep consuming the energy to perform the assigned tasks. In the traditional WSNs routing protocols, the initial energy of sensor nodes is set to 0.5 Joule. Therefore, we consider testing our proposed model SADFIR for energy consumption ratio. To this end, in Figure 11, we set the initial energy of all the 100 sensor nodes to 0.5 J in all the routing protocols and run the protocols for 5000 communication rounds. In Figure 11, it is demonstrated that all the models continuously consumes the energy with an increasing number of communication rounds, where the network of ACEEC, MCEEC, and EESRA dies after the 3346, 3804 and 4509 communication rounds. Whereas, the EBRP and SADFIR continuously running till the end of the network settings, where we can see that the proposed SADFIR has a minimum energy consumption graph, which results in better performance than EBRP routing protocol. ### Packets Delivery to the BS

As we have mentioned in the earlier sections, the routing pattern of the proposed model SADFIR is based on the distributed environment and the SDN controller driven. To this end, we consider multiple applications of environmental parameters that are supposed to be sensed and transmitted by the sensor nodes. Therefore, the final transmitted packets by the sensor nodes contain the sensed data of multiple environments as shown in Figure 12. To check the efficiency of the proposed SADFIR in multiple environments, we disperse the 100 sensor nodes in the 100 m \(\times\) 100 m, 200 m \(\times\) 200 m,

Figure 11: Energy consumption rate as network operation progress in network of \(100m\times 100m\) with 100 nodes. Figure 10: Number of alive nodes on different values of energy levels on different scales of network area. 300 m \(\times\) 300 m, 600 m \(\times\) 600 m, 800 m \(\times\) 800 m, and 1000 m \(\times\) 1000 m network areas, respectively and run the model for 5000 communication rounds as considered in the previous results. In Figure 12, the proposed SADFIR achieves significant performance according to the given threshold from the central SDN controller. In all the graphs of Figure 12, it is demonstrated that in every scenario of the network size, the amounts of different type of information are different and it is achieved through the application preference which keeps resetting by the SDN controller in each graph. Therefore, the reconfigurations in the proposed SADFIR helps to bring flexibility to receive the required application data for the particular interval of time from a single sensor node. ## 7 Conclusions

In this paper, we propose the SDN-enabled distributed SADFIR clustering routing protocol for IoT network devices with the distinct features of heterogeneity-awareness and application-awareness. The programmable OpenFlow equipped IoT devices are regionally distributed at the infrastructure layer and continuously coordinate with the above control and application layer to carry out periodic reconfiguration during the network operations. The distributed multiple SDN controllers at the control layer perform mutual coordinations to share and optimize the computational performance of SADFIR settling phase and enforce the routing paths at the infrastructure layer to IoT devices. The proposed SADFIR routing protocol is executed in our designed Distributed SDN-enabled Iteratively Reconfigurable Internet of Things (DSDN-IRIoT), which follows the layer-wise approach of the network operation. Furthermore, the dynamic reconfiguration capabilities of the proposed SADFIR routing protocol are the source of additional performance optimization.