## 4 Results
### Analysis of the Questionnaire Data  
Questionnaires on the user experience were completed after each of the eight scenarios. For the questionnaire results on trust, perceived safety, presence, situation awareness, and reaction to events, the significance according to risk and information provision was confirmed through repeated measures ANOVA. The results are presented in Figures 9 and 10. There was a significant difference for trust, perceived safety, situation awareness, and reaction according to the degree of risk: trust, F(3, 132) = 26.863, \(p\)! 0.001; perceived safety, F(3, 132) = 13.660, \(p\)! 0.001; situation awareness, F(3, 132) = 45.982, \(p\)! 0.001; reaction question 1, F(3, 132) = 141.740, \(p\)! 0.001; reaction question 2, F(3, 132) = 92.155, \(p\)! 0.001; reaction question 3, F(3, 132) = 20.645, \(p\)! 0.001; and reaction question 4, F(3, 132) = 11.176. In addition, there was a significant difference in trust, situation awareness, and reaction depending on whether the information was provided: trust, F(1, 44) = 7.278, \(p\)! 0.05; situation awareness, F(1, 44) = 11.272, \(p\)! 0.01; reaction question 3, F(1, 44) = 26.752, \(p\)! 0.001; and reaction question 4, F(1, 44) = 54.092, \(p\)! 0.001. Post-hoc analysis was conducted on changes in trust, perceived safety, situational awareness, and reaction to events according to the degree of risk and whether the information was provided. In the case of a trust, the high-risk condition was significantly lower than the low-risk (\(p\)! 0.001), and no-risk conditions (\(p\)! 0.001). In addition, when information was provided, the value of trust was significantly higher than when it was not provided please add explanation for the asteriks symbols (\(p\)! 0.01). In the case of perceived safety, the high-risk condition was significantly lower than the low-risk (\(p\)! 0.001) and no-risk conditions (\(p\)! 0.001). Moreover, when information was provided, the value of perceived safety was slightly higher than when information was not provided (\(p\) = 0.109). In case of the Immersion and Presence Questionnaire, there were no significant differences among the eight cases. However, data show that users had a high sense of immersion and presence of 4.0 or higher. In the case of situation awareness, the high-risk condition was significantly lower than the medium-risk (\(p\)! 0.05), the low-risk please add explanation for the asteriks symbols (\(p\)! 0.001), and no-risk conditions (\(p\)! 0.001), and the medium-risk condition was significantly lower than the low-risk condition (\(p\)! 0.001) and no-risk condition (\(p\)! 0.001). In addition, when the information was provided, the situation awareness was significantly higher than when the information was not provided (\(p\)! 0.001). Through the survey results, the GSR biometric data, and the self-reported VA annotation data, it was found that the trust, perceived safety, and situation awareness felt by the subjects changed significantly according to the risk level. In addition, since the results of the Immersion and Presence questionnaire were high scores of almost 4.0 on average, we can infer that the subjects felt a sense of immersion and presence enough for the simulation situation. In addition, when  
Figure 8: A graph comparing Arousal mean and Valence mean data before and after the event. The use of asterisks in the figure indicates statistical significance. A single asterisk (*) denotes a \(p\)-value less than 0.05, while two (**) and three (***) asterisks denote \(p\)-values less than 0.01 and 0.001, respectively. the information was provided through HUD, the value of trust and situation awareness was significantly higher than when the information was not provided, and it was found that providing information from autonomous vehicles has a positive effect on trust and situation awareness. Figure 10: A graph that compares reaction to events questionnaire data according to risk level and whether or not information was provisioned through HUD. The use of asterisks in the figure indicates statistical significance.