## 1 Introduction  
Jet grouting is widely used means in soil reinforcement and water-tightness by which the cement slurry is injected with high pressure and velocity into the pore and fissure of soil/rock [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7]. The jet grouting technique has been widely used in various fields of geotechnical engineering after more than 160 years of development, in applications such as foundation treatment, cement-soil composite piles, braced excavation, and in control of post-construction settlement in tunnel engineering. Jet grouting usually involves initially drilling a borehole with a 100-150 mm diameter to the required lower end of the section. Then, grout fluid is injected into the soil under high pressure at a high velocity with small-diameter nozzles, in order to break up the soil texture and produce a soil-cement mixture to form a quasi-cylindrical soil cement column [8]. The main jet-grouting methods are divided by the number of injected fluids, which are single fluid with grout only; double fluid with grout and air; and triple fluid with water or accelerator, grout and air [9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16]. The most significant parameters affecting the design of jet grouting are usually soil type, mixture influx between soil and grout, grout flow volume, exiting jet energy from the nozzle, lifting speed and rotating speed [17; 18; 19], which also control the compressive strength and the geometric dimensions of the soil-cement columns [20]. Six full-scale tests were carried out to determine the effect of pressure and grout volume on the mechanical and physical parameters of a column, which revealed that the uniaxial compressive strength increased logarithmically, with increased injection pressure and volume [21]. The parameters, such as lifting speed and rotational velocity of the drilling step, water-to-cement ratio (W/C), injection pressure, grout flow volume and the air and water pressure affecting diameter, as well as the uniaxial strength, increased in sandy soil as compared to clay [22]. The most important parameter that affects the success of injection application within soils is the properties of the injection materials. Extensive research has been carried out to determine the strength and mechanisms of soil-cement in different soil types. Strength tests such as uniaxial testing have been carried out to examine the use of additives to enhance the strength as well as the effects of factors such as chemicals, curing time, cement type and soil density on soil strength [23; 24; 25]. Grouting materials have become the key scientific restriction for grouting control of water-rich sand stratum disasters. It is urgent to prepare efficient grouting materials for water-rich sand strata to overcome the defects of existing grouting materials, and to achieve effective grouting plugging and reinforcement treatment of water-rich sand strata, which provide advantages such as the high injectability of sand layer pores, stable pumping, controllable setting time, high strength, stable volume, reasonable density of hydrated minerals, durability, good reinforcement effect, appropriate price, green environmental protection, etc. [26; 27]. In the water-rich sand stratum, when the construction of water-tightness curtains use jet grouting, the dynamic action of groundwater in the water-rich sand stratum carries away the injected cement slurry before it solidifies, which seriously affects the determination of the diameter and strength of the column. This study solves the severe losses of cement slurry from jet grouting in the water-rich sand stratum with grouting additives and information-based construction. Three grouting additives, including high-polymer additive, red mud and phosphogypsum and metkaolin, were screened with a series of laboratory tests on solidification time and permeability.