# Towards a Reference Architecture for Cargo Ports
## 3 Building a Reference Architecture (RA) for a Cargo Port
### Stakeholders  
Following is a description of the stakeholders (we show only the stakeholders relevant to the use cases described here and according to the level of abstraction of this paper). A more complete port description would have more of them in a cargo port, some of which are also actors in the use cases we will show later:  
1. _Port Authority:_ responsible for the overall administration of the property, terminals, and other facilities on the port complex. 2. _Port Operations Manager:_ responsible for the efficient use of port facilities and resources with specific responsibilities for health, safety, and security. The individual  
Figure 4: Relationship of cargo port patterns. works closely with regulatory authorities, port operations, and personnel of shipping lines. Manages resource allocation within the terminals and monitors expenditures. 3. _Terminal Operator (leasing company):_ legal entities that lease from port authorities their terminal facilities. Either the port authority or the terminal operator will supply the cranes and other cargo-handling equipment. It depends on the lease agreement between the port authority and each terminal operator. 4. _Terminal Operations Manager:_ responsible for the planning and administration of the operations at a port terminal in order to optimize resource use, minimize costs, and maintain quality standards. Activities associated with the transportation of cargo include the operation of vessels, cargo handling equipment, locomotives, trucks, vehicles, and storage and warehousing facilities related to the transportation of cargo. Assigned by the terminal leasing company. 5. _Gate Operations Manager:_ manage all gate, inter-, and intra-terminal transfer activities. Liaison with customers, port authorities, road container haulers, and truck drivers regarding terminal gate container transactions and transfer activities. Assigned by the terminal leasing company. 6. _Drayage Company:_ legal entities in charge of intermodal transportation, i.e., taking containers in and out of warehouses, rail terminals, ocean ports, and harbors. Assigned by shipping lines or terminal operators. 7. _Drayage Truck Driver Scheduler:_ an individual responsible for scheduling truck drivers for the dayage transaction (either drop or pick up a container). Assigned by the cleavage company. 8. _Drayage Truck Driver:_ an individual responsible for dropping off or picking up a container. 9. _Terminal Trailer Driver:_ an individual responsible for moving the container to/from the ship to the storage area inside the terminal. 10. _Crane Operator Scheduler:_ an individual responsible for assigning crane operators to load/unload containers to/from the ship. Depending on the contract that the terminal operator has with the port authority, the crane operator scheduler can be assigned by the terminal operations manager or the port operations manager. 11. _Crane Operator:_ an individual that controls the operation of the STS crane when loading and unloading containers to/from a ship from either the crane's cabin or a remote control room. 12. _Operations Officer:_ a member of a marine operations team involved in the safe transit and handling of vessels into and out of the port. The individual may also be involved in the berthing of vessels, port control and marine services, operation of harbors and marinas, conservancy, and environmental protection. 13. _Security Officer:_ an individual responsible for the protection of people, properties, and information at the port. 14. _Gate Control Employee:_ a member of the port authority organization. 15. _Harbor Master:_ an individual or system establishing a berthing schedule consisting of berthing times and berthing positions of containerships in port container terminals. The berth schedule must be constructed in a way to satisfy requests from carriers on berthing times and minimize handling efforts during ship operation. 16. _Marine Pilot:_ an individual employed by a port or harbor to ensure the safe navigation of ships in their waters.