# Dynamic Simulation and Control of a New Parallel Hybrid Power System
## 4 Conclusions  
In this study, the dynamic system model, hybrid power control module, and energy management control module are used to allow the internal combustion engine in the new parallel hybrid power system to operate in the optimal operating region under various driving conditions. When the driving demand is less than the output of the internal combustion engine, the control system starts the generator to help counteract the changes in the output torque caused by various resistances, so as to allow the internal combustion engine to maintain its optimal torque and speed output and avoid excessive fuel consumption. The control system developed with the NEDC2000 driving pattern test can meet the driving requirements of the vehicle. The following conclusions can be obtained from the experimental results.  
1. The fuzzy controller and energy management control module can decide, through the power integration and distribution mechanism, that whether the torque outputs of internal combustion engine, motor, and generator should be transmitted independently or simultaneously according to the low-, medium-, and high-power driving requirements.
2. The torque of the output shaft of the power integration and distribution mechanism can indeed reach twice the input of the two power sources separately. As for the rotational speed, the output speeds of the two power sources are twice that of the output shaft. In addition, when the power demand of the vehicle exceeds the maximum output power of the electric motor, the internal combustion engine is used to provide power and the generator is turned on to convert the excess energy into electrical energy, which is saved in the battery as the power source of the electric motor.
3. The eCVT mechanism between the wheel and the power integration mechanism brings benefits, especially under changing driving demands, as it achieves smooth conversion and control of the reduction ratio, so that the torque output of the power integration mechanism is not significantly affected during the power switch.
4. In most cases, the difference between the experimental results and driving test speed is not large. However, oscillations occur during the last two accelerations during high-speed driving, which can be suppressed by adding a switch on the Fuzzy controller.  
**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at [[http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5467/s1](http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5467/s1)]([http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5467/s1](http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5467/s1)). Figure S1: Dynamic system model made by Matlab/Simulink(r); Figure S2: System dynamic module; Figure S3: Specification of combustion engine; Figure S4: Energy management control strategy module made by Matlab/Simulink(r).  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, P.-T.C.; methodology, P.-T.C.; software, P.-T.C.; validation, P.-T.C. and K.D.H.; formal analysis, P.-T.C.; investigation, P.-T.C.; resources, C.-J.Y.; data curation, P.-T.C.; writing--original draft preparation, P.-T.C. and C.-J.Y.; writing--review and editing, P.-T.C. and C.-J.Y.; visualization, P.-T.C.; supervision, C.-J.Y. and K.D.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** Authors thank the financial support from Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under grant numbers MOST 109-2221-E-027-008-MY2, MOST 109-2221-E-027-020, MOST 108-2622-E-020-006-CC3 and MOST 108-2113-M-002-021-MY2.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.