# Temperature Impact on Engineered Cementitious Composite Containing Basalt Fibers
###### Abstract
It was observed that the best performance was achieved with the ratio 75% steel fibers and 25% polypropylene fibers. [PERSON] [60] conducted an experimental study to compare the deformation behavior of reinforced ECC flexural members under cyclic load. No cracks were observed in the columns containing ECC under the applied load. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [61] reported that the addition of polyethylene fibers reduced the compressive strength due to the uneven fiber distribution, while the strain and tensibility of the composite were improved. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [62] conducted a comparative study on the mechanical properties of PVA and polyester fibers in ECC composites. It was concluded that ECC containing PVA fibers had a higher tensile, compressive, and flexural strength compared to ECC containing polyester fibers. [PERSON] [62] carried out an experimental investigation on the shear strength of ECC and showed that the shear strength was higher due to the presence of these fibers in ECC containing fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag. [PERSON] et al. [63] investigated the bond behavior in FRP-ECC-concrete interfaces. It was concluded that the addition of an ECC layer could significantly enhance the maximum strain of FRP and delay the debonding failure. The other interface characteristics of the contact surface, such as bearing capacity, the ultimate slip, and the interface energy consumption capacity, were also improved. [PERSON] et al. [64] carried out an experimental study to explore the effect of partial (i.e., 40%, 60%, 80%) and total replacement of cement content in ECC with fly ash on mechanical properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity. In the partial replacement of fly ash, from 40% to 60%, an improvement was observed in the mechanical properties. Similarly, the chloride ion penetration was significantly decreased by the increase in fly ash content from 40% to 100%. Temperature has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the hardened cementitious composites [65]. [PERSON] et al. [66] studied the performance of ECC containing a very high volume of fly ash, and PVA fibers were exposed to 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and 200 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Nonetheless, the melting temperature of PVA fibers was approximately 230 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the mechanical properties were enhanced from 50 to 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The tensile properties diminished after exposure to 200 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
[PERSON] et al. [67] discussed the effect of elevated temperature levels up to 600 \({}^{\circ}\)C on the strain-hardening of ECC. The ECC demonstrated high spalling resistance after 6 h of exposure to 600 \({}^{\circ}\)C. [PERSON] et al. [68] evaluated the effects of high temperature on compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, compressive strain capacity, and flexural strength of PVA-ECC subjected to 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 200 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 300 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and 400 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 6 h. Temperature increase diminished the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and flexural strength. The compressive strain capacity was significantly enhanced under elevated temperatures. [PERSON] et al. [69] investigated the strain-hardening and multiple cracking behavior of BF-reinforced ECC (BF-ECC) considering the bridging action of BFs. There exists a large body of literature to study the BF-ECC under ambient or extreme environmental conditions. [PERSON] et al. [69] studied the mechanical properties of BF-ECC under ambient temperature. [PERSON] et al. [70] investigated the effect of salt freeze-thaw cycles on BE-ECC and its interface with concrete. [PERSON] et al. [71] analyzed the effect of the composition of ECC on its performance under ambient temperature. Despite this, relatively little is known about the performance of BF-ECC exposed to elevated temperatures.