## 7 Results of the InSAR Processing
### Vertical and Horizontal Displacements
They were created for areas with permanent coseismic uplift,oseismic subsidence, coseismic surface ruptures, and slope failures; more specifically, the sections A8-A8\({}^{\prime}\) and B8-B8\({}^{\prime}\) for the uplifted Karlovasi coastal area, the sections A9-A9\({}^{\prime}\) and B9-B9\({}^{\prime}\) for the uplifted Potami coastal area, the sections A10-A10\({}^{\prime}\) and B10-B10\({}^{\prime}\) for the uplifted Marathokampos area, the sections A11-A11\({}^{\prime}\) and B11-B11\({}^{\prime}\) for the uplifted Pythagoreia area, the sections A1-A1\({}^{\prime}\) and B1-B1\({}^{\prime}\) for the uplifted Asprochorti area, and the sections A2-A2\({}^{\prime}\) and B2-B2\({}^{\prime}\) for the Kokkari area (Figure 30). Moreover, the sections A7-A7\({}^{\prime}\) and B7-B7\({}^{\prime\prime}\) were created for the Ayjos Nikolaos-Kontakaaka-Vrysses area, the sections A6-A6\({}^{\prime}\) and B6-B6\({}^{\prime}\) for the Ampoles area, and the sections A5-A5\({}^{\prime}\) and B5-B5\({}^{\prime}\) for the Ano Ayjos Konstantinos area (Figure 30), all characterized by extended surface ruptures. In addition to the above created for sites affected by primary effects, more sections and graphs were created for areas affected by secondary earthquake environmental effects; more specifically, the sections A9-A9\({}^{\prime}\) and B9-B9\({}^{\prime}\) for the Potami coastal area affected by slope failures associated with uplift and the sections A3-A3\({}^{\prime}\), A4-A4\({}^{\prime}\), A5-A5\({}^{\prime}\), B3-B3\({}^{\prime}\), B3-B3\({}^{\prime}\), and B3-B3\({}^{\prime}\) for the Avlakia coastal area also affected by slope failures associated with subsidence (Figure 30). As regards the arrangement of these sections in the map, they were arranged transversely to the main faults, which cross the area, to the detected main surface ruptures and to the slope failure zones. This arrangement was preferred in order to detect changes in the surface displacement on either side of the faults and ruptures and to determine whether the triggered slope failures could be attributed either to the ground shaking or to gravitational movements in areas affected by permanent subsidence. As regards the sections and the respective d-displacement profile graphs and the comparison of the displacement values from the DInSAR analysis with the corresponding field observations, large differences were observed. Typical examples of these large differences are the following (Figure 31 and Table 4):  
1. The uplift detected in the field at the Asprochorti site in the northeastern part of Samos was 10 cm, while the InSAR analysis showed a small subsidence or relative stability (sections and profile graphs A1-A1\({}^{\prime}\) and B1-B1\({}^{\prime}\) in Figures 30 and 31). 2. The uplift detected in the field at the Kokkari site in the northeastern part of Samos was 22 cm [15], while the InSAR analysis showed a subsidence of 2 cm from the  
Figure 30: Displacement maps (descending) of Samos Island by using the SARscape (**a**) and SNAP (**b**) softwares. The presented sections were constructed at sites affected by environmental effects induced by the 2020 Samos earthquake. More specifically, the A1-A1\({}^{\prime}\), B1-B1\({}^{\prime}\), A2-A2\({}^{\prime}\), B2-B2\({}^{\prime}\), A5-A5\({}^{\prime}\), B5-B5\({}^{\prime}\), A6-A6\({}^{\prime}\), B6-B6\({}^{\prime}\), A7-A7\({}^{\prime}\), B7-B7\({}^{\prime}\), A9-A9\({}^{\prime}\), B9-B9\({}^{\prime}\), A10-A10\({}^{\prime}\), B10-B10\({}^{\prime}\), A11-A11\({}^{\prime}\), and B  
SARscape software and an uplift of 1.4 cm from the SNAP software (sections and profile graphs A2-A2\({}^{\prime}\) and B2-B2\({}^{\prime}\) in Figures 30 and 31). 3. The uplift detected in the field at the Karlovasi vessel shelter site was 24 cm, while the InSAR analysis showed a smaller uplift of 2.8 cm from the SARscape software and 6.3 cm from the SNAP software (sections and profile graphs A8-A8\({}^{\prime}\) and B8-B8\({}^{\prime}\) in Figures 30 and 31). 4.