# Analysis of Different Stop-Jumping Strategies on the Biomechanical Changes in the Lower Limbs
## 3 Results
### Statistical Parametric Mapping  
#### 3.1.1 Joint Angle, Velocity, Moment, and Power on the Sagittal Plane  
Figure 4 displays the significant differences for ankle angle, velocity, moment, and power during the horizontal landing phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were ankle angle (\(p\) = 0.013) (\(p\) = 0.018) (\(p\) < 0.001), velocity (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) < 0.001), moment (\(p\) < 0.001), and power (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) < 0.001). Figure 5 displays the significant differences for knee angle, velocity, moment, and power during horizontal landing phase between SJR and SJF. Significant different values were knee angle (\(p\) < 0.001), velocity (\(p\) = 0.003) (\(p\) = 0.023) (\(p\) < 0.001), moment (\(p\) = 0.04) (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) = 0.036), and power (\(p\) = 0.015) (\(p\) < 0.001). Figure 6 displays the significant differences for angle, velocity, moment, and power of the hip during the horizontal landing phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were hip angle (\(p\) < 0.001), moment (\(p\) = 0.012) (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) < 0.001), and power (\(p\) = 0.01) (\(p\) < 0.001). During the horizontal landing phase, there was no significant difference found in velocity of the hip. Figure 4 displays the significant differences for ankle angle, velocity, moment, and power during the vertical jumping phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were ankle angle (\(p\) < 0.001), velocity (\(p\) = 0.01), moment (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) < 0.001), and power (\(p\) < 0.001) (\(p\) < 0.001). Figure 5 displays the significant differences for knee angle, velocity, moment, and power during the vertical jumping phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were knee velocity (\(p\) = 0.004), moment (\(p\) = 0.016), and power (\(p\) < 0.001). No significant differences were found in knee angle during the vertical jumping phase. Figure 6 displays the significant differences for hip angle, velocity, moment, and power during the vertical jumping phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were hip angle (\(p\) = 0.008) and velocity (\(p\) = 0.012). No significant differences were found in hip moment and power during the vertical jumping phase. Vertical and Posterior Ground Reaction Force and Energy Work  
Figure 7 displays the significant differences of the vertical and the sagittal ground reaction force during horizontal landing phase between SJR and SJF. Significantly different values were vertical ground reaction force (\(p\) = 0.007) (\(p\) = 0.004) (\(p\) < 0.001) and anterior and posterior ground reaction force (\(p\) = 0.048) (\(p\) = 0.002). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Statistical Parametric Mapping** & **Paired \(t\)-Tests** \\ \hline A stop-jumping phase & A stop-jumping phase \\ Horizontal landing phase & Vertical jumping phase & Peak value \\ SJR vs. SJF & SJR vs. SJF & SJR vs. SJF \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Illustration of comparison points. Figure 4: Illustration of results between SJR and SJF lower limb SPM results for angle, velocity, moment, and power of ankle during the stop-jumping phase, the SPM t-values for all subjects (post hoc results, the lines of dashed red represent \(p=0.05\) level). Statistically significant differences are shown in grey shaded areas to display regions. On the left of each image, the scale displays the change of joint angle, velocity, moment, and power. The value of \(\mathfrak{t}^{*}\). 0–100 below each image presents a stop-jumping phase. In each picture, the initial (0%) blue line is the horizontal landing phase, and the blue line toward the end (100%) is the vertical jumping phase. Figure 5: Illustration of results between SJR and SJF lower limb SPM results for angle, velocity, moment, and power of knee during the stop-jumping phase, the SPM t-values for all subjects (post hoc results, the lines of dashed red represent \(p=0.05\) level). Statistically significant differences are shown in grey shaded areas to display regions.