# Non-Cannabinoid Metabolites of _Cannabis sativa_ L. with Therapeutic Potential
## 3 Conclusions and Future Prospects  
The cannabis plant produces an estimated 545 cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid phytochemicals of great economic and medicinal value [1]. These include some 104 cannabinoids (including CBD, \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC, and CBG), 120 terpen, over 26 flavonoids [1], lignans, phenolic amides, amino acids, nitrogenous compounds, steroids, fatty acids, alkaloids, stillenes, vitamins, minerals and other phytochemicals. These phytochemicals are produced in virtually all areas of the plant (root, leaves, and stem). The aforementioned cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid secondary metabolites are produced primarily in the trichomes of the cannabis plant [78].  
Cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid secondary metabolites have wide therapeutic application across many ailments including different types of cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammation-related diseases, and viral infections. Unlike THC, one of the most-studied cannabinoids, the majority of these phytochemicals are non-psychotropic. This means that they will not produce the psychoactive effects produced by THC, but will still have therapeutic benefit.  
A majority of these phytochemicals require further in-depth characterization for their therapeutic efficacy and safety. There is also the need for a more rigorous standardization of cannabis cultivation practices so as to ensure consistent reproducibility of the profiles of secondary metabolites such as terpen. The ability to reconstruct synthetic pathways, elucidate regulatory mechanism involved in the production of secondary metabolites, and establish genomic, metabolomic, transcriptomic maps/\"fingerprints\" of said secondary metabolites will allow drug manufacturers to produce more targeted drugs [79].  
There is a need for more systematic botanical, physicochemical and chemical analyses of the cannabis plant. Further research is required to determine the efficacy, dosage standards, optimum extraction methods/solvents, cytotoxicity/hepotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, molecular mechanisms of action, phytoantiviral screening methods, and drug interactions for many phytochemicals in the cannabis plant.  
Figure 11: The chemical structures of some stilbenes and their derivates found in _C. sativ_ L.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, H.L. and B.S.; writing, review and editing, H.L., B.S., J.B., N.T. and W.N. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research received no external funding.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable. This study did not involve humans or animals.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable. This study did not involve humans or animals.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Data sharing is not applicable to this article. No new data were created or analyzed in this study.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** Authors [PERSON] and [PERSON] are employees of Vilotos and Flavocure and both companies have commercial interest in caflanone. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. Neither Vilotos nor Flavocure took part in the study or experience.