## 3 Results  
The 13 patients selected for this study (4 males and 9 females) who satisfied the inclusion criteria had an average age of 10 years and 5 months (\(\pm 1\) year and 2 months); the reported results refer to an average treatment period of 12.5 months. The volumetric measures of RPV, RGV and VTOT at T0 (Table 1), T1 (Table 2), T0-T1 variation (Table 3) and mean values at T0, T1 and T0-T1 (Table 4) are here presented.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Patient** & **RPV** & **RGV** & **VTOT** \\ \hline
1 & 4738 & 5947 & 10,685 \\ \hline
2 & 4693 & 4835 & 9528 \\ \hline
3 & 3595 & 1070 & 4665 \\ \hline
4 & 4018 & 2255 & 6273 \\ \hline
5 & 4005 & 2356 & 6361 \\ \hline
6 & 2395 & 890 & 3285 \\ \hline
7 & 1074 & 3670 & 4744 \\ \hline
8 & 6488 & 3271 & 9759 \\ \hline
9 & 3349 & 1818 & 5167 \\ \hline
10 & 3315 & 3235 & 6550 \\ \hline
11 & 4199 & 2243 & 6442 \\ \hline
12 & 3582 & 1074 & 4656 \\ \hline
13 & 5265 & 3860 & 9125 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Volumetric values in mm\({}^{3}\) at T0: Retropalatal volume (RPV), Retroglossal Volume (RGV), Total volume (VTOT = RPV + RGV).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Mean Values (mm\({}^{3}\))** & **T0** & **T1** & **T1–T0** & _p-Value_ \\ \hline RPV & \(3901\pm 1326\) & \(6425\pm 2649\) & \(2523\pm 2088\) & \(0.0009\) \({}^{*}\) \\ \hline RGV & \(2810\pm 1520\) & \(5067\pm 2658\) & \(2258\pm 1717\) & \(0.0005\) \({}^{*}\) \\ \hline VTOT & \(6711\pm 2339\) & \(11,492\pm 5006\) & \(4781\pm 3650\) & \(0.0005\) \({}^{*}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Comparison between mean values at T0 and T1; volumetric variation between T0 and T1; _p-_value. Retropalatal volume (RPV), Retroglossal Volume (RGV), and Total volume (VTOT = RPV + RGV). *: \(p\) < 0.05.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Patient** & **RPV** & **RGV** & **VTOT** \\ \hline
1 & 4692 & 3189 & 7881 \\ \hline
2 & 610 & 1824 & 2434 \\ \hline
3 & 931 & 523 & 1454 \\ \hline
4 & 83 & 1013 & 1096 \\ \hline
5 & 1575 & 2433 & 4008 \\ \hline
6 & 422 & 1179 & 1601 \\ \hline
7 & 2754 & 2087 & 4841 \\ \hline
8 & 2291 & 1389 & 3680 \\ \hline
9 & 4940 & 5386 & 10,326 \\ \hline
10 & 4676 & 1842 & 6518 \\ \hline
11 & 1433 & 1396 & 2829 \\ \hline
12 & 1672 & 921 & 2593 \\ \hline
13 & 6725 & 6170 & 12,895 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Volumetric variations in mm\({}^{3}\) between T0 and T1: Retropalatal volume (RPV), Retroglossal Volume (RGV), Total volume (VTOT = RPV + RGV). All values were positive.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Patient** & **RPV** & **RGV** & **VTOT** \\ \hline
1 & 9430 & 9136 & 18,566 \\ \hline
2 & 5303 & 6659 & 11,962 \\ \hline
3 & 4526 & 1593 & 6119 \\ \hline
4 & 4101 & 3268 & 7369 \\ \hline
5  
Retropalatal volume  
RPV variation, analyzed by the Student's \(t\)-test, was statistically significant. The \(p\)-value of the test was 0.0009; this value is below the significance limit of 0.05 (Figure 4).  
Retroglossal volume  
RGV variation, analyzed by the Student's \(t\)-test, was statistically significant. The \(p\)-value of the test was equal to 0.0005; this value is below the significance limit of 0.05 (Figure 5).  
Total volume  
VTOT variation, analyzed by the Student's \(t\)-test, was statistically significant. The \(p\)-value of the test was equal to 0.0005; this value is lower than the significance limit of 0.05 (Figure 6).  
Figure 4: Box and Whiskers Plot graph representing retropalatal volume (RPV) values at T0 (1) and at T1 (2).  
Figure 5: Box and Whiskers Plot graph representing retroglossal volume (RGV) values at T0 (1) and at T1 (2).  
RPV, RGV, and VTOT increased between T0 and T1: RPV increased in 2523 \(\pm\) 2088 mm\({}^{3}\), RGV increased in 2258 \(\pm\) 1717 mm\({}^{3}\), and VTOT increased in 4781 \(\pm\) 3650 mm\({}^{3}\). Every volumetric variation reached statistical significance.