## 3 Discussion
### Phenotyping in Terms of THC and CBD Composition  
Cannabis is an economically important species and is predicted to become a significant commercial crop with unprecedented market growth potential [47]. Recent publication showed among individual cannabis plant parts including roots, leaves, stem bark and inflorescence, cannabis inflorescence was characterized by the highest concentration of cannabinoids in three chemovars [48]. They stated that the comprehensive profile of bioactive metabolites can rediscover therapeutic potential for each part of cannabis from their traditional use [48]. Chemical screening of natural populations can help identify chemical diversity, which is a primary step for improving breeding programs in this plant. Taken together, the cannabis definitions are different based on scientific and political assignations. The significant difference in cannabinoid content of cannabis is supported by numerous studies showing that the most important classification of cannabis typesthat vary widely among political jurisdictions is that of the drug type and the fiber type (hemp). THC is the major cannabinoid in marijuana types, while CBD predominates in fiber-type hemps [3; 3; 10; 32; 33; 49; 50; 51; 52]. The cultivation of cannabis varieties containing up to 0.2% \(\Delta\)-9-THC with no indication of permitted percentage of the other compounds, first of all being non-addictive psychoactive cannabinoid (CBD), have been recently allowed by two European regulations and Italian law. These varieties have been used for food, oils, fiber, powder, and bioengineering [41]. Recent studies on chemical composition and quantification of hemp industrial varieties indicated \(\Delta\)9-THC content was lower compared to other cannabinoid. Additionally, \(\Delta\)8-THC was detected only in one hemp oil sample at too low a concentration [53]. Additionally, a report in 2019 indicated that, among several cannabinoids, only CBDA was determined to show a different concentration in hemp infloresences samples. Additionally, according to their study, THCV was not found in the hemp infloresence samples analyzed, and \(\Delta\)-9-THC and \(\Delta\)-8-THC were detected at low concentrations, below the legal limit. Therefore, their results confirmed the classification of the studied samples as fiber [54]. In order to grow consumer interest in hemp oilseed supplements, four main cannabinoids of CBD, CBDA, CBN, and \(\Delta\)-9-THC in an oil matrix of seven commercial hemp oil supplements have been determined [55]. They reported that the cannabinoid composition is required to be monitored in such supplements, as in some cases, the cannabinoids concentration in analyzed samples differed significantly from those declared by the manufacturers [55]. In addition, cannabis chemotypes have been reported using the biochemical composition, in particular, the THC/CBD ratio in many publications. Chemical phenotypes (chemotypes) can be used to define cannabis varieties with different chemical variants and different morphological features to classify _C. sativa_ into three principal classes differ in their THC/CBD ratios: chemotype I (drug type plants which exhibit a THC/CBD ratio well beyond 1.0 especially due to high THC content); chemotype II (an intermediate ratio of 0.5-2.0); and chemotype III (fiber-type plants that have a ratio well below 1.0, with a prevalence of CBD) [8]. Additionally, cannabis varieties were classified into three groups: chemotype I (total THC/total CBD ratio \(\geq\) 1.0), intermediate type (chemotype II), which has an intermediate ratio close to 1.0, and chemotype III, which exhibit a low total THC/total CBD ratio \(\leq\) 1.0 [3]. On the other hand, three main classes of cannabis have been suggested based on THC/CBD ratio: THC-type plants with THC/CBD \(\geq\) 10, intermediate-type plants with THC/CBD \(\approx\) 1, and CBD-type plants with THC/CBD \(\leq\) 0.1 [56; 57].