## 3 Method
### Input Variables  
This method considers intersections with 4 branches and bidirectional vehicular flow, with one main street and one secondary street, each having one lane per direction (see Figure 2). The conflict area is defined as the zone where vehicles make right turns and pedestrians cross. In Illustration 2, four vehicle movements can be identified, where movement 1 is identical to movement 3, while movement 2 is equal to movement 4. Regarding pedestrian movements, four movements can be identified, P1, P2, P3, and P4. In phase 1, the movements 2, 4, P1, and P3 are in green light, while the other movementsare in red light. The opposite is presented in phase 2. The vehicle-pedestrian conflict is presented, for example between movements 2 and P1 (when vehicles are turning right).  
To carry out the traffic signal programming, firstly it is necessary to define the variables that will serve as inputs in the method (see Table 1). The braking rate (f) is considered equal to 3 m/s\({}^{2}\), assuming an intersection where the streets have no slope. The pedestrian speed (vp) is assumed to be 1.1 m/s, under the assumption that adults and young people are crossing the intersection. In cases where elderly people, children, or individuals with reduced mobility are crossing, the pedestrian speed should be considered as 0.9 m/s. The constant k = 0 in [PERSON]'s method is used to minimize delays, as this is the primary objective of the study. The rest of the variables can be adjusted if necessary to fit the specific conditions of a given intersection.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Unit** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Example to** \\ **be Used** \\ \end{tabular} & **Acronym** \\ \hline Number of branches at the intersection & Quantity & 4 & Nr \\ Number of street lanes at the intersection & Quantity & 1 & n \\ Traffic direction & unid. o bidir. & bidir. & St \\ Vehicle flow per movement in each branch at & veh/h & 800 & qv \\ Percentage of vehicles turning right at & \% & 30 & Pv \\ the intersection & & & \\ Street lane width & cant. & 3.5 & W \\ Turning radius & m & 5 & r \\ Vehicle speed & km/h & 50 & v \\ Vehicle length & m & 5 & La \\ Break rate & m/s\({}^{2}\) & 3 & f \\ Driver reaction time & s & 1 & tr \\ Akcelik constant (0 if delays are minimized) & Without units & 0 & k \\ Vehicle saturation practical grade (design) & Without units & 0.9 & Xp \\ Vehicle saturation flow (central lane) & veh/h & 2141 & Sc \\ Vehicle saturation flow (turning right lane) & veh/h & 1933 & Sd \\ Vehicle saturation flow (turning left lane) & veh/h & 1922 & Si \\ Pedestrian flow per movement in each Branch & veh/h & 2000 & qp \\ at the intersection & & & \\ Walking speed & m/s & 0.9 & Vp \\ Pedestrian density (design) & peat/m\({}^{2}\) & 1 & d \\ Width of the pedestrian pathway & m & 2 & Wp \\ Pedestrian saturation practical grade (design) & & 0.9 & Xpe \\ Pedestrian saturation flow & & peat/h & 7920 & Sp \\ (Xpeat = 3600 \(\times\) Wp \(\times\) vp \(\times\) d) & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Input variables used in the method.  
Figure 2: Movements at the 2-phase signalized intersection: (a) phase 1; (b) phase 2.