## 3 Results
### General Characteristics of Studies
#### 3.2.1 Correlations Between Gaze Behavior and Shooting Performance
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Study**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Participants**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Variable**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Main Findings**} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{4-9}  & \multirow{2}{*}{**\(n\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Age (years)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Sex**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Competition**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**QE Duration**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**FD (ms)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**SD (ms)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**SA (\%)**} \\ \cline{5-8} \cline{7-10} \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & & & & & \(551\pm 230\) & \(606\pm 195\) (long) & & & \\ \cline{5-8} \cline{7-10} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] et al.} & \multirow{2}{*}{N} & \multirow{2}{*}{15.2 \(\pm\) 0.4} & & & \(504\pm 238\) & \(564\pm 221\) & \(-\) & \(33.6\pm 13.6\) (long) & Youth group showed & big differences in gaze \\  & & & & & (middle) & (middle) & & behavior and SA and \\ \cline{5-8} \cline{7-10} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] et al.} & \multirow{2}{*}{N} & & & \(600\pm 249\) & \(663\pm 243\) & & & & \\  & & & & (long) & (long) & \(-\) & & \(58.8\pm 9.8\) (long) & \\ \cline{5-8} \cline{7-10} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] et al.} & \multirow{2}{*}{27.6 \(\pm\) 3.7} & & & \(572\pm 233\) & \(663\pm 245\) & \(69.2\pm 16.3\) (middle) & & & \\  & & & & (middle) & (Middle) & & & \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. & 9 & 21.8 \(\pm\) 0.79 & M & Elite & \(-\) & \(-\) & \(390\pm 50\) & \(27\pm 10.85\) & An increase in FD led & to higher SA. \\ \cline{5-8} \cline{7-10} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] et al.} & \multirow{2}{*}{13} & & & \(-\) & \(-\) & \(360\pm 60\) & \(20\pm 11.3\) & & \\  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Abbreviations: M = male, F = female, E = elite player, Q = quiet eye, FP = final fixation duration, FP = fixation duration, SA = shooting accuracy, Middle = 420 m sheet distance [8], Long = 680 m sheet distance [8], Dcluded = shooting condition with defensive pressure, Underland = shooting condition without defensive pressure, Full-vision = The player has full visual access to the target and surrounding, No-vision = The shooter’s vision is restricted or blocked, Ball = fixation on the basketball during shooting, Rim = fixation on the happy during shooting, Backboard = fixation on the surface behind the rim during shooting, Higher = shot by taller players, Smaller = shot by shorter players.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Cont. 2.2 Differences in Gaze Behavior with Shooting Performance Between Elite and Near-Elite Basketball Players  
Table 7 summarizes the seven studies that explored differences in gaze behavior and shooting performance between elite and near-elite basketball players. The findings highlight that elite players tend to have longer QE durations compared to near-elite players, which is positively correlated with improved SA [5; 8; 20]. Additionally, elite players generally present better FD during shooting [13; 42], particularly in free throws [42]. Moreover, the studies indicated that a longer FFD is associated with better shooting performance [5; 8]. In terms of shooting accuracy, elite players consistently demonstrated superior performance compared to their near-elite counterparts across the studies [19; 43]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Independent** & **Dependent** & **Correlation** & \(p\)**-Value** \\
**Variable** & **Variable** & **Coefficient** & \(p\)**-Value** \\ \hline QE Duration & SA & 0.67 & 0.04 * \\ FFD & SA & 0.55 & 0.03 * \\ FD & SA & 0.67 & 0.82 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Abbreviations: QE = quiet eye, FFD = final fixation duration, FD = fixation, SA = shooting accuracy, * \(p<0.05\) indicates a statistically significant correlation.  
\end{table} 
Table 6: Correlation analysis between different gaze behaviors and SA. Figure 4: Scatterplot of correlation between fixation duration (FD) and shooting accuracy (SA). Note: The yellow regression line represents their linear relationship, with blue dots as data points and the gray shaded area as the confidence interval (CI).