## 5 Conclusions  
This research systematically investigates the relationship between porosity and mechanical properties in reconstructed rock pore structures through an integrated experimental-numerical approach. The principal findings can be summarized as follows:  
1. Mechanical simulations conducted on reconstructed models with varying porosity levels reveal that increasing pore structure parameters leads to marked reductions in both compressive strength (27.8-58.3% decrease across test groups) and elastic modulus (34.1-61.5% decrease).
2. A novel mathematical framework developed for characterizing porosity-mechanical property relationships exhibited exceptional correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 with simulation data, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy compared to conventional models.  
Current research on rock models has certain limitations, such as assuming rock isotropy, whereas actual rocks exhibit directional arrangements like bedding, foliation, or jointing (e.g., shale, genesis), leading to deviations in elastic modulus orientation. Another assumption is rock homogeneity, but in reality, rocks feature non-uniform distributions of mineral inclusions, fractures, and pores, resulting in localized fluctuations in UCS.  
In future work, a research framework integrating anisotropic/heterogeneous characteristics will be established, employing a multi-scale characterization fusion approach. At the microscale (um-mm), uCT scanning combined with EBSD crystal orientation analysis will quantitatively assess mineral orientation distribution and microfracture network topology. At the mesoscale (cm), 3D laser scanning paired with DIC full-field strain measurement will capture localized deformation bands and crack initiation paths. At the macroscale (m-km), ground-based LiDAR and ground-penetrating radar will identify dominant joint-set orientations at the outcrop scale.  
Figure 19: The proposed model for [PERSON]’s modulus versus porosity.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, N.X. and X.Q.; methodology, X.Q.; software, N.X.; validation, X.Q., F.H. and T.-H.L.; formal analysis, J.-Q.C.; investigation, T.-H.L.; resources, N.X.; data curation, J.-Q.C.; writing--original draft preparation, J.-Q.C.; writing--review and editing, N.X.; visualization, J.-Q.C.; supervision, Fu-Huang; project administration, N.X.; funding acquisition, N.X. and T.-H.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** The work is supported by Open Fund of Industry Key Laboratory of Traffic Infrastructure Security Risk Management (Grant No. 18 KF03 Changsha University of Science and Technology), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2024J)5005), the Key Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education (Grant No. 23A0271).  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Dataset available on request from the authors.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors gratefully acknowledge Central South University for their support with experimental equipment.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.