## 1 Introduction  
The successful delivery of large-scale industrial construction projects often necessitates the development of requisite venues and infrastructural facilities. This undertaking presents a significant industrial project with complex logistical challenges. A central challenge lies in formulating a cohesive construction schedule, which can be categorized as a resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). The RCPSP is a well-studied problem in the field of project management, where the objective is to determine the optimal sequence and timing of activities. This paradigm addresses the intricate interplay of various resources such as workspace, machinery, and manpower, all of which are subject to inherent limitations and constraints, alongside a network of tasks characterized by precedence relations and resource requisitions [1; 2; 3; 4]. The implementation of the RCPSP in construction projects can potentially minimize project duration, ultimately translating into lower overall project costs [2; 5; 6]. Additionally, the RCPSP offers a multi-scenario simulation framework, providing valuable insights into the potential outcomes and trade-offs of different scheduling strategies [7; 8; 9; 10]. This comprehensive analysis empowers project managers to make informed decisions that enhance both project efficiency and resource utilization. However, basic RCPSP models may not capture all the complexities of construction projects. While traditional RCPSP models assume deterministic activity durations and resource availabilities, construction projects are inherently stochastic, with unforeseen delays and resource availability fluctuations [11]. In the context of complex construction projects, as exemplified in this study, the RCPSP is further complicated by the need to address spatial conflicts and ensure efficient resource utilization. Spatial conflicts arise when the physical locations of concurrent construction activities overlap, leading to potential clashes and disruptions. Efficient resource utilization is crucial to minimizing delays and optimizing project costs. Addressing these challenges is essential for the successful and timely completion of a project. Another limitation to consider when applying the RCPSP in construction projects is the complexity involved in solving large-scale instances. Optimizing schedules for extensive construction projects with numerous activities and resource constraints often necessitates the use of specialized scheduling software, which may not be readily accessible or user-friendly for all construction professionals. Diverse solutions have been offered to mitigate the complexities inherent in project scheduling. Notably, Primavera P6 is a pre-eminent project management tool developed by Oracle [12]. With over three decades of development and widespread adoption across industries, Primavera P6 has established itself as a leader in project management software. It offers robust functionality for both local deployment (P6 PPM) and scalable service provision (P6 EPPM), seamlessly integrating with Oracle databases and supporting external data import. It excels at addressing scheduling constraints such as workspace clashes, enabling the formulation of optimized schedules [13]. However, its multifaceted functionalities require comprehensive training for proficiency. While Primavera P6 provides advanced features for project scheduling, it lacks the inherent functionality to detect potential spatial conflicts that may arise during the construction-planning phase. Traditionally, this verification has been conducted as a separate and disconnected process, often requiring the use of specialized 4D simulation software, such as Synchro4D [14] (chap. 6). Through integration with project scheduling tools, such as Primavera P6, Synchro 4D can import the project plan and link it to a corresponding 3D building information model (BIM). This BIM serves as a digital representation of the construction plan, enabling Synchro 4D to simulate and visualize the construction sequence over time.