# Research on the Influence of Dust Suppressants on the Coupling Behavior of Dust-Mist Particles
## 1 Introduction  
Dust pollution, primarily composed of fine particulate matter (PM), arises from various anthropogenic and natural sources, including industrial operations, mining, construction, and environmental events, such as dust storms. Particularly concerning are particles with diameters smaller than 10 \(\upmu\)m (PM10), which pose substantial health risks, primarily respiratory complications, and contribute significantly to environmental degradation, such as reduced visibility and ecosystem imbalances [1, 2, 3]. The severity of these issues has led to the development of advanced dust suppression technologies, with spray and chemical surfactants emerging as key methods to mitigate airborne particulate matter. The mechanism behind water mist technology is primarily physical: the droplets generated by the mist couple with and subsequently settle dust particles. The effectiveness of this process is highly contingent on the interactions between dust and mist particles, which are influenced by various factors such as spray pressure, spray angle, atomization parameters, and, notably, the surface tension and viscosity of the liquid solution [4, 5, 6]. Atheoretical exploration of these parameters reveals that water mist disperses droplets that must possess adequate kinetic energy and surface properties to interact effectively with dust particles. Understanding the balance between droplet dynamics (size, velocity, and interaction) and dust particle characteristics is critical to optimizing the suppression process. Spray pressure plays a dual role in system efficiency. While higher pressures produce finer droplets, promoting more extensive mist coverage, they also have a counteracting effect on dust settling, which warrants further scrutiny [7]. The interaction between mist droplets and dust particles is significantly altered by the introduction of dust suppressants, which reduce the surface tension of water, thereby modifying the wettability of hydrophobic dust particles. This change in surface properties not only enhances dust adhesion to the droplets but also impacts the overall distribution of particles within the mist field [8]. The viscosity of the solution adds another layer of complexity, as higher-viscosity solutions tend to reduce the ability of droplets to coalesce, which may enhance dust capture but hinder droplet dispersal [9; 10]. Theoretically, the interplay between surface tension and viscosity becomes crucial in understanding particle coupling. When both parameters are finely tuned, they promote more efficient attachment of dust particles, thereby improving mist capture efficiency. Previous research has primarily focused on understanding the empirical relationships between spray parameters and suppression effectiveness [11; 12], which is especially important in spray dust control. The coupling behavior of dust and mist particles significantly impacts suppression efficiency; adjusting parameters like spray pressure and surface tension can optimize droplet distribution and enhance dust capture. A balanced approach to controlling both physical and chemical parameters in water mist solutions aims to make spray dust suppression more effective against dust pollution [12; 13; 14]. Numerous studies have investigated the effectiveness of water mist and suppressants in reducing dust [15; 16; 17]. Moreover, limited research has investigated the influencing parameters spray pressure, surface tension, and solution viscosity--that are essential for understanding the mechanism of spray dust control and enhancing efficacy. Additionally, different instruments and devices are employed to investigate the coupling behavior of dust-mist particles, including holographic particle velocity measurement techniques and methods for image comparison [16; 18]. However, the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) system has emerged as a reliable and precise tool, enhancing testing accuracy alongside advancements in scientific research.