# Efficient and Robust Image Communication Techniques for 5G Applications in Smart Cities
## 5 Result Analysis and Discussion
Table 10 presents the analysis of PSNR and SSIM variations w.r.t SNR, number of receiving antenna and transform, i.e., FFT/DCT for OFDM system for the RGB image (Baboon), and Table 11 presents the analysis of PSNR and SSIM variations w.r.t SNR, number of receiving antenna and transform, i.e., FFT/DCT for OFDM system for the grayscale image (Lena). It is quite evident from Tables 10 and 11 that the PSNR and SSIM value is improving in implementing the DCT in place of FFT. Further improvement is also there on incorporating the MRC technique. The SNR vs. BER performance analysis of MRC augmented FFT-OFDM and DCT-OFDM is presented over AWGN and Rayleigh channels in Figures 12 and 13. The performance of both the FFT-OFDM and DCT-OFDM improves significantly on using the MRC schemes employing multiple antennas at the receiver end. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**System**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Antenna** \\ **Configuration** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 0 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 5 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 10 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 15 dB**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} FFT-OFDM \\ \end{tabular} } & 1 Tx and 1 Rx & 9.76543 & 0.03915 & 10.705663 & 0.07199 & 11.58676 & 0.111477 & 15.3062 & 0.2962 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 2 Rx & 11.9468 & 0.12827 & 15.321285 & 0.3044454 & 23.93093 & 0.775219 & 51.2156 & 0.9994 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 3 Rx & 13.2219 & 0.1910 & 18.5414 & 0.4963 & 32.5573 & 0.9624 & 73.2458 & 1.0000 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} DCT-OFDM \\ \end{tabular} } & 1 Tx and 1 Rx & 9.67864 & 0.04332 & 9.6975001 & 0.0227244 & 14.11069 & 0.236522 & 20.5423 & 0.6079 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 2 Rx & 13.5783 & 0.2069 & 19.38939 & 0.545288 & 35.45733 & 0.980889 & 78.4622 & 1 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 3 Rx & 15.8745 & 0.3314 & 25.2924 & 0.8255 & 56.8592 & 0.9998 & 87.5695 & 1.0000 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: PSNR and SSIM variations for FFT-OFDM and DCT-OFDM for QPSK with MRC (nTx = 1 and nRx = 1, 2, 3) over Rayleigh Channel for RGB image (Baboon). Figure 11: Received Image with DCT-OFDM over a Rayleigh channel, Modulated with QPSK at Eb/No = 0, 5, 10, 15 dB from left to right with MRC (nTx = 1 and nRx = 1 and 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**System**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Antenna** \\ **Configuration** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 0 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 5 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 10 dB**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SNR = 15 dB**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** & **PSNR** & **SSIM** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} FFT-OFDM \\ \end{tabular} } & 1 Tx and 1 Rx & 9.89905 & 0.0293 & 10.592833 & 0.0430585 & 11.81925 & 0.085431 & 15.504 & 0.21941 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 2 Rx & 12.0372 & 0.0938 & 15.224939 & 0.211088 & 23.72912 & 0.646574 & 48.3271 & 0.99792 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 3 Rx & 13.2472 & 0.1336 & 18.4498 & 0.3581 & 32.2927 & 0.9355 & 72.4842 & 1.0000 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} DCT-OFDM \\ \end{tabular} } & 1 Tx and 1 Rx & 10.2949 & 0.0411 & 11.182142 & 0.0651304 & 12.34516 & 0.119801 & 18.1675 & 0.33916 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 2 Rx & 13.5942 & 0.1467 & 19.413126 & 0.407441 & 35.84002 & 0.964057 & 78.6842 & 1 \\ \cline{2-10}  & 1 Tx and 3 Rx & 15.8437 & 0.2359 & 25.1688 & 0.7168 & 48.3627 & 0.9988 & 85.9384 & 1.0000 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 11: PSNR and SSIM variations for FFT-OFDM and DCT-OFDM for QPSK with MRC (nTx = 1 and nRx = 1, 2, 3) over Rayleigh Channel for grayscale image (Lena).