## 4 Sensor Integration Platform
### Base Station  
A base station receives and sends signals and forwards them to other terminal equipment. The composition of a mobile communication base station mainly includes a communication tower, antenna feeder system (antenna and feeder), communication room, main equipment, supporting facilities and equipment (grounding system, power supply system, lightning protection facilities, transmission equipment, transmission lines, air conditioning, alignment frame, lighting and monitoring facilities, and fire prevention facilities). It mainly consists of a rack, desktop, and self-supporting equipment. The main structural room is generally built with a reinforced concrete frame structure, brick, and color steel plate. The communication tower can be divided into the tower room (independent tower), outside tower, and roof tower. A base station can be fixed and mobile. Fixed base stations are stationary and usually located in a specific location such as a roadside cellular base station. A mobile base station is very easy to deploy in an emergency situation due to its light weight and portable base stations in a vehicle-mounted base station. The reliable operation of a communication network is important for the effective implementation of earthquake relief, and it is also a prerequisite for rescue teams to start a rescue smoothly. Different large earthquakes have destroyed communication channels around the globe in recent history. For example, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami with magnitude of 9.1 caused damage to communication infrastructure in several countries, including India, Indonesia, and Thailand. The devastating 2010 Haiti earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 caused extensive damage to the country's communication infrastructure, including the destruction of the National Palace and many government buildings that housed important communication equipment. Communication was severely disrupted for weeks following the earthquake [83]. The Tohoku earthquake and tsunami (2011), which occurred off the coast of Japan, was one of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded in Japan [7]. It caused widespread damage to communication infrastructure, including undersea cables and satellite systems. This led to major disruptions in internet and phone services. Similarly, according to a report by the Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA), a total of 1299 base transceiver stations (BTSs) were damaged or destroyed in the 2015 Gorkha earthquake [81]. In China, according to post-earthquake statistics, a total of 14,896 base stations were damaged in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake; 724 base stations were disrupted in the 2013 Lushan earthquake; and 385 base stations were disrupted in the 2019 Changning earthquake. After destructive earthquakes, communication networks are affected and damaged to different degrees. For example, during the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake in 2008, communication base stations affected by the earthquake were located throughout the \(\geq\)VI intensity zone, and 29,064 base stations (including SCT base stations) were decommissioned and line damaged, resulting in communication interruptions. Drones were deployed to survey damage and identify places where people were trapped in the Mw 7.1 Mexico City earthquake. The drones were equipped with thermal cameras to detect body heat under rubble and helped locate survivors in time to save their lives. Similarly, drones captured high-resolution images to assess the extent the damage caused by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal [5]. These images also helped to create a high-resolution image for further geomorphic analysis. A 6.2 magnitude earthquake fault central Italy in 2016, and drones were quickly deployed to survey the area to identify victims under rubble. The drones were equipped with sensors to detect signs of life with the help of thermal imaging technology. After a series of earthquakes hit Puerto Rico in 2020, drones were used to survey damaged buildings and infrastructures [84].