## 3 Hypothesis Development  
According to the literature review, an initial research conceptual framework is presented in Figure 1. CSCI represents a capability that can be leveraged as a source of sustainable performance in construction material extraction, production, consumption, and waste treatment. It is difficult to directly investigate and measure CSCI and SUCM. Therefore, this paper treats them as the second order (higher order) latent constructs in the research model. The first order (lower order) constructs are summarized and extracted from the literature in Section 2, and they are sub-constructs of these two second-order constructs. Meanwhile, practical experiences are considered through interviews during the research model development. The construct definition is described in Table 3, including the higher order latent constructs and their sub-constructs. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c l c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Code** & **Factor** & \multicolumn{10}{c}{**References**} & \multicolumn{10}{c}{**Sum**} \\ \hline  & & **A** & **B** & **C** & **D** & **E** & **F** & **G** & **H** & **I** & **J** & **K** & **L** & **M** \\ \hline
**BED** & BMCC environmental design & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
**bed\_1** & Alternative of non-renewable resources & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 12 \\
**bed\_2** & Environmental targets early setting & & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 11 \\ \hline
**MPC** & Material procurement and consumption & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
**mpc\_1** & Accurate quantity estimation & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & & & & & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 8 \\
**mpc\_2** & Adoption of sustainable/green material & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 12 \\
**mpc\_3** & Green procurement (e.g., GPP) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 11 \\
**mpc\_4** & Material using strategies & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 11 \\ \hline
**CST** & C\&D waste sustainable treatment & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
**est\_1** & Recycling technology & & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & 11 \\
**est\_2** & Re-use of site-recycled BMCC & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & & 10 \\
**st\_3** & approval of qualified recycled BMCC & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & 5 \\
**est\_4** & Raw material extraction from demolition & & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & & & & & 8 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: References are A [57], B [56], C [58], D [55], E [2], F [53], G [59], H [51], I [6], J [7], K [60], L [61] and M [62].  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Factors of sustainable use of construction material from the literature. Figure 1: Conceptual research framework. As shown in Figure 2, the exogenous variable CSCI is considered as a higher order construct with three formative sub-constructs--i.e., BI, FI, and RL--which are measured by a series of formative observable variables. SUCM is treated as an endogenous variable, also as a higher order construct with three reflective sub-constructs--i.e., BED, MPC, and CST--which are measured by reflective observable variables.