# Wireless Home Assistive System for Severely Disabled People
## 1 Introduction
For example, some severely disabled subjects are not used to wearing the sensor on the cheek or waiting for a scan for input, either. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an alternative way to help people with speech challenges or language disorders find effective and appropriate ways to express their basic needs. Many AAC systems have been implemented to help the disabled in communicating with others or devices [4; 5; 6; 7]. Most of the off-the-shelf AAC devices belonging to the standalone system are portable, simple, and convenient, supporting brief communication functions of short messages for the disabled. An AAC device has a communication board with texts and icons that pronounce a speech by touching the command sheets, and it is used to help people with speech disabilities [4]. A tongue drive system is proposed to enable people with severe disabilities to access their environment [5]. The information of discrete breathing patterns is identified to represent the pre-defined words and help the disabled to express their needs [6]. An AAC app was implemented to use speech symbol technology to express their thoughts, needs, and ideas [7]. Unfortunately, these AAC systems mentioned above are only suitable for slightly disabled people with speech disorders but still with movement functions they can control, such as patients with CP or slight stroke. Thus, it is important for the disabled to select a suitable and easy communication interface. Recently, many studies in areas such as home automation, environmental monitoring, and internet of things (IoT) have been widely promoted to improve the quality of life [8; 9; 10; 11; 12]. Many wireless communication technologies are utilized to solve the smart home and home automation control problems. Some papers [13; 14; 15; 16] discussed the application of IoT, wireless Bluetooth, and X-10 protocol for the environmental condition monitoring and smart home system for the disabled. In addition to wireless communication technologies, there are also some papers discussing algorithms, such as the algorithms of different neural network designs and artificial intelligence embedded in the decision mechanism of system control core to make the smart home system more intelligent [17; 18]. Moreover, needs differ as the disabilities vary; each disabled person may need different assistive input devices depending on their disabilities. Thence, different command input mediums were discussed, such as the medium of voice-controlled hands-free [19] and the brain-computer interface (BCI) communication pathway [20; 21]. [PERSON] et al. developed an Arduino-based application including an android application, a wireless module, and Arduino devices to control smart appliances [22]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a hand gesture recognition algorithm for implementing a gesture human-machine interface that can be used to operate all the smart home appliances [23]. [PERSON] et al. adopted automated speech recognition to help the severely disabled operate computers and home appliances without clicking buttons [24]. [PERSON] used the Intel Galileo Board to achieve information including temperature, humidity, gas, smoke, motion, and fire, and then the user can control the home appliances [25]. However, most of the related researches are for normal people or the slightly disabled, while there are fewer papers talking about communication and home automation solutions for the severely disabled. In [8], a wireless home automation system is proposed for the deaf, dumb, and the people with Alzheimer's, but the disabled subjects with speech, hearing, and memory problems mentioned that still have normal moving functions can operate the home appliances easily. Therefore, to develop a specific assistive device for home automation, environmental monitoring, or computer input would be a great and important issue for the severely disabled. In this study, a wireless home assistive system (WHAS), including Morse code translator (MCT) and human-machine interface, is developed to help the severely disabled.