## 3 Holistic Approach Used for the Configuration of Multimodal Transportation E-Service System  
A holistic approach is a comprehensive, interrelated approach that considers all key factors in designing and configuring a multimodal transportation e-service system. It analyzes multiple angles and perspectives, aiding in understanding complex phenomena. A holistic approach is needed to optimize efficiency, safety, and sustainability when defining functionalities of multimodal transport systems for all interconnected modes of transport. Multimodal transportation services require seamless integration of different modes of transport (e.g., road, rail, and maritime). Multimodal transportation e-service systems should recognize contextual data when operating in a real-time environment. A holistic approach balances efficiency, safety, and environmental impact. Contextual data integration using this approach supports the continuous and smooth distribution of information among those involved in the process. Freight forwarders benefit from better route guidance and real-time information and could reach higher operational efficiency. Basic information (e.g., weather, traffic, and infrastructure status) is crucial for managing safe freight delivery. Shifting freight to multimodal transport could improve sustainability by shifting freight from roads. The system's potential lies in developing efficient, sustainable, user-friendly transportation management systems. A holistic approach is also used to develop specific scenarios (such as delivery performance delays management). Successful implementation requires cooperation between stakeholders, policymakers, and technology providers. The multimodal transportation e-service system exchanges data with communication networks, surveillance systems, and information-sharing platforms. Furthermore, the development could face challenges, including managing data from different data sources, keeping data interoperability, and thinking about system scaling. The development of a multimodal transportation e-service system could follow three main steps:  
1. Recognize contextual data that influence multimodal transportation management: * Cargo-specific information (weight, type, volume); * Infrastructure status (railways, ports, roads) and traffic data; * Weather conditions for intelligent routing. 2. Think about contextual data integration: * Design mechanisms to collect, process, and integrate contextual data; * Ensure seamless communication between different modes (road, rail, sea); * Evaluate the impact of contextual data integration on transportation management. 3. Develop a contextual framework that integrates: \begin{table}
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**Methods Group** & **Method** & **Description of the Application Method** & **Citation** \\ \hline Contextual data processing systems & Contextual messaging & With IoT technology, you can build and deploy contextual applications to implement cold chain logistics. & [36] \\ \hline Qualitative methods & Case study & It analyzes the critical success factors of synchronous logistics through extensive case studies and literature reviews. & [35] \\ \hline System architecture and design & IoT and WSN system architecture & To monitor and manage inter-modality, a system architecture based on the Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks (WSN) is being developed. & [4] \\ \hline Multi-RAT virtualization & Multi-RAT architecture & Multi-RAT (radio access technology) provides a modern LTE wireless network virtualization architecture. & [37] \\ \hline Green and sustainable practices & Sustainable development & It sets out best practices for the transition to sustainable logistics in Brazil from the point of view of carriers, with a focus on reducing environmental impact. & [6] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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