## 1 Introduction  
The withdrawal roadway is a specialized mining roadway arranged at the stopping line of a coal mining face. It serves as a direct connection to the gob after the completion of mining operations, providing crucial spatial support for withdrawing the mining equipment [1, 2]. The mining areas in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Shaanxi Province are the core regions of coal production in China, and the deep mining method has been widely employed in these mining areas [3, 4, 5]. To ensure the safe and efficient mining of deep coal, the mining equipment should be transported and withdrawn efficiently. The roof control of the withdrawal roadway is an important guarantee for the safe and rapid retreat of the mining equipment from the working face. However, during the final mining period, the withdrawal roadway will be connected to the coal mining face, which will cause severe deformation, fracture, and instability of the surrounding rock in this roadway due to strong mining influence. This poses a formidable challenge for roof control and has been a persistent issue affecting mine production [6; 7; 8]. The weighting characteristics of the withdrawal roadway mainly depend on the distribution of the front abutment pressure in the working face [9; 10]. The classic mine pressure theory points out that the front abutment pressure along the advancing direction of the working face can be divided into the following three zones: the stress reduction zone, the abutment pressure zone and the original-rock stress zone. Researchers have conducted many studies on front abutment pressure. It has been concluded that the value and distribution range of the stress reduction zone and abutment pressure zone significantly affect the stability of the surrounding rock of the withdrawal roadway. [PERSON] et al. [11] studied the influence of the fracture location of the main key layer of the roof on the stability of the surrounding rock of the withdrawal roadway and proposed a differentiated support plan for the withdrawal roadway. [PERSON] et al. [12] pointed out that the stop-mining line should be reasonably designed to ensure that the main key layer fracture line is located behind the hydraulic support. [PERSON] et al. [13] put forward the treatment method for the manifestation of strong strata behaviors by using hydraulic fracturing technology to break the key stratum and to protect the reserved roadways. Under the mining conditions of a 15-m-thick coal seam in the Datong mining area, [PERSON] et al. [14] conducted a case study on the distance between the stop-mining line and the location of the main key layer fracture line of the roof. It was concluded that, when the stop-mining line distance is slightly greater than the length of the key block, the stability of the surrounding rock in the withdrawal roadway is optimal. The above studies all posit the idea that the stress distribution of the surrounding rock in small roadway areas is related to the fracture morphology of the roof key layer. In the aspect of support structure optimization, the combination of anchor bolts and cables has been employed to control the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway under strong mining disturbance. After installation, the anchor bolts and cables provide supporting resistance to the surrounding rock. With the deformation of the surrounding rock, the support resistance is increased. Thus, the utilization of anchor bolts and cables can improve the strength of the surrounding rock timely and effectively, prevent the early separation of the surrounding rock, and control the deformation of the surrounding rock. [PERSON] et al. [15] installed anchor cables within deep and stable rock layers to stabilize a larger range of rock masses in order to suppress deformation, which fully utilized the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock itself. These studies suggest that the purpose of bolt-cable support is to give full play to the bearing capacity of the rock mass.