# Immersive Haptic Technology to Support English Language Learning Based on Metacognitive Strategies
## 4 Results and Discussion  
### Results  
After developing the application, the results were analyzed based on three parameters: (1) interaction of the physical and virtual environment through navigation tests in the scenarios by activating and deactivating buttons; (2) validation through experts, for which expert teachers in the area used the application; and (3) validation with students. Twelve teachers participated in this study, with an average of 10 years of teaching experience in teaching English as a foreign language from the initial level A1 to the intermediate level B1. These teachers have a master's degree in foreign language teaching. Their specializations are in higher education, linguistics, and educational technology. As part of their teaching, they are expected to continuously update their teaching resources using relevant applications and web platforms. The use of technology as a teaching aid has been requested by students in their end-of-semester evaluations, arguing that they are motivating and entertaining, while teachers, based on their experience, validated the support that these resources provide in learning results. The use of these resources becomes a fundamental part of innovative methodologies that allow students to have a greater role and play a more active role in their learning process. In the first part, the user interacts and navigates through the different 3D environments created, for which the user uses the Senso glove to verify the correct configuration of the scenarios and navigation between said environments. Figure 9 shows the user interacting in the evaluation stage, and the glove is observed in both the physical and virtual environments. To see the correct operation, 30 tests were carried out in the app on each button with different sequences and characteristics to validate the correct interaction and navigation of the application. The results are shown in Figure 10, where it is evident that most of the buttons have 100% activation and navigation, while, in the evaluation part, there is 87% due to the navigation space available for each question and calibration of the physical space based on the virtual environment. Subsequently, the application was validated by experts. First, training was carried out for expert teachers using the tool, and the stages of the application and its management were explained. Then, the experts used the proposed application and interacted in the immersive environments created in this research. Afterwards, a survey was conducted to find out their point of view and criteria regarding the use of the application and how it can  
Figure 9: Interaction with the physical and virtual environment. be used as a didactic tool in classes. The questions asked in the survey of specialists are shown in Table 2.  
The results of the survey of specialists are shown in Figure 11, and the following results were obtained. In question Q1, 83% agree with using the proposed application to improve the \"reading\" skill. In questions Q2 and Q3, 100% acceptance is obtained regarding the characteristics of the application, and, finally, in Q4, it has 91% regarding motivation, and Q5 has 75%. The results show a clear acceptance by the specialists and their interest in using this application in their classes to have an additional teaching tool to complement the teaching-learning process of the English language due to the characteristics and advantages that  
Figure 11: Results of a survey of specialists. Figure 10: Results of interaction with the application. it can provide to the class, mainly in interest, motivation, and retention that the use of these tools can have. In addition, they emphasized that the application is easy to use and user-friendly, and the 3D environments designed are eye-catching and would make the classes more dynamic. For the evaluation, the application was developed with themes related to the contents of the Common European Framework of Reference for this level.