## Appendix A Assertion Tests
* Sveriges Riksbank (2021) Sveriges Riksbank, S. _E-Krona Pilot Phase I_; Sveriges Riksbank: Stockholm, Sweden, 2021. * Bank of England (2020) Bank of England. _Central Bank Digital Currency Opportunities, Challenges and Design_; Bank of England: London, UK, 2020. * [PERSON] (2012) [PERSON] Understanding Universal Credit. _J. Poverty Soc. Justice_**2012**, _20_, 69-86. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2018) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] The Payment Services Directive II and Competitiveness: The Perspective of European Fitted Companies. _Eur. Res. Stud. J._**2018**, _21_, 3-22. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2019) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Blockchain-Based Data Privacy Management with Nudge Theory in Open Banking. _Future Gener. Comput. Syst._**2019**, _110_, 812-823. [CrossRef]
* ISO 20022 (2020) ISO 20022; Universal Financial Industry Message Scheme. International Organisation for Standardization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2020. * PayLK (2020) PayLK. New Payments Architecture Programme. Available online: [[https://www.wearepay.uk/npa/](https://www.wearepay.uk/npa/)]([https://www.wearepay.uk/npa/](https://www.wearepay.uk/npa/)) (accessed on 17 September 2020). * Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications SWIFT GPI 2022. Available online: [[https://www2.swift.com/knowledgegecentre/rest/v1/publications/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022/1.0/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022.pdf?logDownload=true](https://www2.swift.com/knowledgegecentre/rest/v1/publications/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022/1.0/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022.pdf?logDownload=true)]([https://www2.swift.com/knowledgegecentre/rest/v1/publications/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022/1.0/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022.pdf?logDownload=true](https://www2.swift.com/knowledgegecentre/rest/v1/publications/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022/1.0/s_comp_app_gpgi_fnc_instit_lbl_crtria_2022.pdf?logDownload=true)) (accessed on 5 February 2022). * Bank of England (2021) Bank of England. _New Forms of Digital Money_; Discussion Paper; Bank of England: London, UK, 2021. * Rahman and Delfationary Policy under Digital and Fiat Currency Competition. _Res. Econ._**2018**, _72_, 171-180. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2018) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Bitcoin's Underlying Incentives. _Commun. ACM_**2018**, _61_, 46-53. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] (2017) [PERSON] The Governance of Blockchain Financial Networks. _Mod. Law Rev._**2017**, _80_, 1073-1110. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2017) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] A Distributed-Ledger Consortium Model for Collaborative Innovation. _Computer_**2017**, _50_, 29-37. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] (2017) [PERSON] Rethinking Permissioned Blockchains. In Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Blockchain, Cryptocurrencies and Contracts--BCC '17, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2 April 2017; pp. 3-7. * [PERSON] et al. (2015) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Ripple: Overview and Outlook. In _Trust and Trustworthy Computing, Proceedings of the 8 th International Conference, TRUST 2015, Heraklion, Greece, 24-26 August 2015;_ [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], Eds. ; Springer International Publishing: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2015; Volume 9229, pp. 163-180. * [PERSON] et al. (2018) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Analysis of Blockchain Technology: Pros, Cons and SWOT. _Clust. Comput._**2018**, _22_, 14743-14757. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2017) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Survey of Consensus Protocols on Blockchain Applications. In Proceedings of the 2017 4 th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems ICACCS, Coimbatore, India, 6-7 January 2017; pp. 1-5. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] and [PERSON]: Blockchain Based ID As a Service. _IEEE Access_**2018**, \(6\), 2274-2278. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2019) [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Blockchain for Smart Communities: Applications, Challenges and Opportunities. _J. Netw. Comput.