# Energy Efficient Framework for a AIoT Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection System Wearable during Sport
## 6 Conclusions  
A dynamic power management strategy (DPMS) was proposed for autonomous detection of cardiac arrhythmias during athlete training using a wearable system. The DPMS adapted the ECG signal sampling and transmission according to the intensity of the training period, therefore reducing the total energy consumption of the system required for a training session. The self-powered and wearable AloT system operates with an energy harvesting circuit and cloud service communication techniques. The system executes a convolutional neural network (CNN) that analyzes and classifies the ECG signals with high accuracy during a training session of 45 min. EH-DPMS achieves an extension in the battery charge for a total of 14.34% more energy which means 12 consecutive workouts of 45 min, without the need to manually recharge or replace it. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of arrhythmia signal detection, and a visualization interface that generates a list of abnormal ECG signals. The proposed AloT-ECG system can be used to monitor an athlete's performance, helping to reduce the risk of heart abnormal conditions.  
Conceptualization, A.C.-A., J.V.-C., K.C.-H. and R.A.-E.; Formal analysis, A.C.-A., J.V.-C., J.J.E.-L., R.A.-E. and A.C.C.-A.; Investigation, O.P.-M., A.C.-A., K.C.-H. and A.E.-R.; Methodology, A.C.-A., J.V.-C. and A.C.C.-A.; Project administration, J.V.-C. and J.J.E.-L.; Validation, K.C.-H., A.C.-A., J.V.-C. and A.E.-R.; Writing--original draft, A.C.-A., J.V.-C., A.C.C.-A. and J.J.E.-L.; Writing--review and editing, J.J.E.-L., J.V.-C., A.C.-A., [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON]. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the Technological Institute of Sonora through PROFAPI projects number 2021_0092 and 2021_0116. The APC was funded by PROFAPI projects number 2021_0092 and 2021_0116.  
Not applicable.  
The authors thank Eng. [PERSON] for their assistance with the laboratory tests and [PERSON] for their contribution to the ECG analysis and validation.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & [25] & [38] & [26] & [39] & [36] & [29] & [28] & **This Work** \\ \hline Energy Harvesting & No & No & No & No & No & Yes (Solar) & Yes (Solar) & Yes (Solar) \\ Diagnosis & Heart rate (\(\epsilon<10\%\)) & No & Heart rate (\(\epsilon<2\%\)) & R-wave (\(\epsilon<5\%\)) & Arrhythmia & No & Heart rate (\(\epsilon<2\%\)) &
\begin{tabular}{c} (\(\epsilon<1.4\%\)) \\ \end{tabular} \\ Handheld Monitoring & Yes & Yes & Yes & No & No & Yes & No & Yes \\ Battery Capacity & N/A & 500 & 620 & N/A & N/A & 3400 & No & 2600 \\ (mAh) & & & & & & & & \\ Lifetime (h) & N/A & 50 & 335 & N/A & N/A & 7.4 & N/A & 7.4 \\ Sample Rate (Hz) & 100 Hz & 250 Hz & 250 Hz & 250 Hz & N/A & 100 Hz & 100 Hz & 200 Hz \\ ECG Leads & 1 & 3 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\ Wireless & BLE & BLE & No & BLE & BLE & MAX1472 & BLE \\ Protocol & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Comparative analysis of ECG wearable systems.