## 3 Results
### Odor Activity Values (OAVs) for the Pulps of Five Mango Cultivars  
Aromatic analysis techniques such as the FD and intensity methods can effectively analyze the major aromatic compounds in mango pulp, but these cannot accurately reflect the contributions of individual components to the overall aroma characteristics [24]. Therefore, OAVs may be a more accurate scale to evaluate the contribution of volatile substances to fully consider the interactions between the food matrix and aromatic substances. The main component of mango pulp is water, and the calculation of the OAVs of each substance was based on the results of accurate quantitative analysis performed in this study, and the aroma threshold of each compound in water was previously reported [25; 26].  
According to the literature [19], substances with OAVs \(>\)1 contribute to the overall aroma of the sample. Table 3 and Figure 6 show the results of OAV analysis of pulp from five mango cultivars. There were 25 characteristic aromatic components with an OAV \(\geq\) 1 in pulps of five mango cultivars,  
Figure 5: Identification of key aromatic compounds by frequency detection (FD) \(\geq\)6 and order-specific magnitude estimation (OSME) \(\geq\)2 in five mango pulps.  
including two alcohols, seven aldehydes, three esters, 11 terpenes, and two ketones. Terpenes (44%) and aldehydes (28%) were the main aromatic components of mango, of which \(\gamma\)-terpinene had the highest OAV (3.04-10.04), followed by \(\beta\)-phellandrene (2.41-3.41), hexanal (1.10-16.97), and 1-nonanal (5.37-56.2), which were also considered as major aroma-active compounds in Australian mango cultivars. In contrast, although alcohols were the predominant component of all substances (Table 1), these showed minimal contribution (8%), due to their relatively high odor threshold. For instance, the OAV of the highest concentration of (e)-3-hexen-1-ol was only within the range of 0.38-1.21. In addition, 2-cyclohepten-1-one, ethyl cyclopropancarboxylate, 1,3,8-p-menthatriene, and citral were first identified to be useful in aroma activity in mango based on OVA, which coincides with the results of GC-O.  
OAV values of characteristic aromatic substances were also different in different varieties of mango. Table 3 shows 11 substances with OAV \(\geq\)1 in JM. The OAV of \(\gamma\)-terpinene was the largest (7.70), followed by 1-hexanol (6.20), \(\gamma\)-octanoic (2.66), phellandrene (2.41), and ethyl cyclopropanecar-boxylate (2.17). In QM, nine aromatic substances with OAV \(\geq\)1 were identified, of which 1-nonanal (9.73) had the largest OAV, followed by 1-hexanol (6.58), \(\gamma\)-terpinene (3.37), \(p\)-cymene (1.83), and \(\beta\)-phellandrene (1.55). GF has nine substances with OAV \(\geq\)1, among which 1-nonanal (6.07) has the largest OAV, followed by \(\gamma\)-terpinene (3.04), 1-hexanol (2.55), \(\gamma\)-octanoic (2.36), decanal (1.41), and \(p\)-cymene (1.05). HY has eight substances with OAV \(\geq\)1, among which 1-nonanal (56.2) has the largest OAV value, followed by 1-hexanal (16.79), trans-2-heptenal (5.05), 2-cyclohepten-1-one (4.71), and \(\gamma\)-octanoic (3.76). HY has 17 substances with OAV \(\geq\)1, among which \(\gamma\)-terpinene (10.44) has the largest OAV, followed by \(p\)-cymene (7.19), terpinolene (5.80), 1-nonanal (5.73), 1-hexanol (5.13), and \(\beta\)-phellandrene (4.31).