## 3 Results
### Blood Chemistry According to RHR  
Table 3 shows the blood chemistry test results according to the RHR. In the \(\geq\)80 bpm group, those with TC \(\geq\) 240 mg/dL accounted for only 9.5%, those with HDL-C \(<\) 40 mg/dL accounted for 12.6%, and those with LDL-C \(\geq\) 160 mg/dL accounted for 7.3%, none of which were statistically significant. Those with TG \(\geq\) 200 mg/dL accounted for 15.5%, and those with HOMA-IR \(\geq\) 2.5 accounted for 42.6%, showing a statistically significant difference.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Resting Heart Rate, \(n\) (\%)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\) *} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-6}  & **Total** & \(\leq\)**67 bpm** & **68–71 bpm** & **72–79 bpm** & \(\geq\)**80 bpm** \\ \hline Household income, million KRW & & & & & \\ \(\leq\)2.00 & 1567 (25.5) & 492 (24.3) & 301 (25.7) & 445 (26.1) & 329 (26.3) & \\
2.01–3.00 & 821 (13.4) & 253 (12.5) & 147 (12.5) & 225 (13.2) & 196 (15.7) & 0.070 \\ \(\geq\)3.01 & 3161 (61.2) & 1276 (63.1) & 725 (61.8) & 1033 (60.7) & 727 (58.1) & \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* Calculated by chi-square test.  
\end{table}
Table 1: _Cont._  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Resting Heart Rate, \(n\) (\%)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\) *} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-6}  & **Total** & \(\leq\)**67 bpm** & **68–71 bpm** & **72–79 bpm** & \(\geq\)**80 bpm** \\ \hline Alcohol drinking & & & & & \\ Non-drinking & 917 (15.3) & 238 (11.9) & 169 (14.6) & 277 (16.7) & 233 (20.2) & \\ Drinking & 5058 (84.7) & 1768 (88.1) & 991 (85.4) & 1381 (83.3) & 918 (79.8) & \(<\)0.001 \\ Smoking status & & & & & \\ Non-smoker & 3924 (64.1) & 1177 (58.6) & 778 (66.4) & 1124 (66.3) & 845 (68.0) & \\ Past smoker & 1224 (20.0) & 515 (25.6) & 223 (19.0) & 309 (18.2) & 177 (14.3) & \(<\)0.001 \\ Current smoker & 971 (15.9) & 317 (15.8) & 171 (14.6) & 263 (15.5) & 220 (17.7) & \\ HbA1c & & & & & \\ \(<\)6.5\% & 5592 (90.4) & 1860 (91.5) & 1092 (92.5) & 1536 (89.5) & 1104 (87.8) & \\ \(\geq\)6.5\% & 594 (9.6) & 172 (8.5) & 89 (7.5) & 180 (10.5) & 153 (12.2) & \(<\)0.001 \\ Blood pressure & & & & & \\ Nonhypertensive & 3123 (50.5) & 957 (47.1) & 590 (50.0) & 901 (53.7) & 675 (53.7) & \\ Prehypertensive & 2179 (35.2) & 747 (36.7) & 429 (36.3) & 608 (35.4) & 395 (31.4) & \(<\)0.001 \\ Hypertensive & 886 (14.3) & 329 (16.2) & 162 (13.7) & 208 (12.1) & 187 (14.9) & \\ BMI (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & & & & & \\ Underweight (\(<\)18.5) & 374 (6.2) & 69 (3.5) & 64 (5.6) & 114 (6.9) & 127 (10.5) & \\ Normal weight (18.5–23) & 2356 (39.4) & 774 (39.1) & 435 (38.3) & 649 (39.2) & 498 (41.0) & \\ Overweight (\(\geq\)23, \(<\)25) & 1279 (21.4) & 471 (23.8) & 255 (22.5) & 327 (19.7) & 226 (18.6) & \(<\)0.001 \\ Obese (\(\geq\)25) & 1977 (33.0) & 667 (33.7) & 381 (33.6) & 566 (34.2) & 363 (29.9) & \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* Calculated by chi-square test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.  
\end{table}
Table 2: Lifestyle factors according to resting heart rate.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Resting Heart Rate, \(n\) (\%)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\) *} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-6}  & **Total** & \(\leq\)**67 bpm** & **68–71 bpm** & **72–79 bpm** & \(\geq\)**80 bpm** \\ \hline
**TC, mg/dL** & & & & \\ \(<\)240 & 5555 (89.8) & 1821 (89.6) & 1059 (89.7) & 1537 (89.5) & 1138 (90.5) & \\ \(\geq\)240 & 633 (10.2) & 212 (10.4) & 122 (10.3) & 180 (10.5) & 119 (9.5) & \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
\end{table}
Table 3: Blood chemistry test results according to resting heart rate.