# Sustainable Development of Concrete through Aggregates and Innovative Materials: A Review
## 3 Synthetic Fibers
### Mineral Fibers  
Mineral additives are the most prospective components for concrete in the development of new materials within the construction industry such as high resistance concrete and special absorbents of heavy metals. These minerals can be zeolite, silicon dioxide and micro dust. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [93] studied the compressive strength of concrete containing natural zeolite with dosage from 0 to 10%. Regarding the compressive strength, tests were carried out in specimens (100 mm \(\times\) 100 mm \(\times\) 100 mm) after 28 days of curing. Zeolite with 10% content increased the compressive strength of concrete by 15% and decreased water absorption by 2.3 times. In addition, the density and ultrasonic pulse velocity of the concrete were increased. In addition, zeolite replaced concrete improved 3.3 times the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete with up to 10% of zeolite content. [PERSON] et al. [9] investigated the mechanical and durability properties of zeolite reinforced concrete (ZRC). This concrete incorporated 10% natural zeolite and superplasticizer. The replacement of cement by zeolite caused a reduction of ZRC compressive strength until 90 days of hardening; although, after 180 days compressive strength of ZRC was higher compared with concrete without zeolite. Concrete with zeolite increased the freeze-thaw resistance and durability and decreased the drying shrinkage and water penetration depth. Aggregates and powder obtained from marble and granite are considered waste materials. Granite is commonly used as ornamental rock and construction material. [PERSON] et al. [2] used polished granite waste recycled from discarded tiles as aggregate in concrete samples. They determined the effect of the granite powder on the mechanical properties and absorption of granite replaced concrete. This granite powder caused a reduction of the compressive, flexural tensile and pull-off strength of the concrete. However, concrete containing granite powder showed better performance for water absorption, abrasion and water permeability. [PERSON] et al. [2] recommended to use concrete with up to 20% of natural coarse granite for structural applications and concrete containing from 20% to 40% for nonstructural components and pavement. [PERSON] [14] reported the physical, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of concrete samples containing granite dust with dosages of 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 15%, respectively. The best content of granite dust was 5% after 56 days of water curing, in which the compressive strength and tensile strength of the granite replaced concrete increased 8.2% and 5% compared with concrete without granite dust. Furthermore, granite dust with up to 7.5% content registered insignificant impact on corrosion resistance of concrete containing granite dust. [PERSON] et al. [94] evaluated the properties of modified concrete with quartz mineral powder, obtaining better behavior with 20% replacement of this mineral. Physical properties of concrete are influenced by mineral powder. The bulk density increased as the mineral increased from 2.01 g/cm\({}^{3}\) (control specimen) to 2.19 g/cm\({}^{3}\) with 20% content of quartz mineral powder. [PERSON] et al. [95] carried out an experimental study of basalt fiber reinforced concrete for prestressed beams under cyclic loading. The elastic modulus decreased by 4% after applying 1 million cycles. The compressive strength was measured in rectangular beams of 3.2 m long, 150 mm wide and 300 mm high, showing a variation of results from 40.2 to 46 MPa. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. [96] investigated the concrete durability with fine aggregate of marble mud, which decreased with this material. Mineral additives represent a potential to enhance concrete. These minerals can be obtained from different types of rock and used as coarse or fine aggregate. However, more investigations are necessary to obtain precise data about the efficiency of the mineral aggregates in concrete.