## 4 Discussion  
The IEH test and determination of eggs in the morula state and with unhatched larvae made it possible to demonstrate the effect of the extract partitions on larval development and hatching inhibition in \(H\). _contortus_. The greatest inhibition, represented in ME, was observed at the highest concentrations, unlike LE, which showed higher percentages at medium level concentrations, due to the development of a larva unable to hatch. The effect of the ethanolic extracts of the same species was lower [30] than the effect found for the extract partitions tested in the present study. Likewise, when comparing the compounds with reported AA of the extract partitions with the previous study [30], it was observed that, despite finding a lower number of potentially active compounds in the present study, their  
Figure 8: Examples of some of the compounds detected in the extract partitions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Metabolites** & _G. septum_ & _L. leucocephala_ & _P. dulce_ \\ \hline Fatty acid esters & Phenethyl butyrate & \\ Hydroxycinnamic acids & Caffe acid & \\  & p-comúaric acid & \\ Organooxygenated compounds & Quinic acid & \\  & Caffeoylquinic acid & \\ Benzene and substituted & Gallic acid & \\   derivatives & & \\   Phenolic glycosides & & \\   Phenols & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._-ovicidal effect was greater, probably due to higher concentrations of bioactive compounds and lower interactions with other compounds. Statistical significance tests show that _G. septum_ and _P. dulce_ had a greater ovicidal effect, which agrees with the results reported in [30]. Likewise, the extract partitions of EtOAc, DCM, and W-EtOH showed a greater ovicidal effect. When the effect of the extract partition for each plant was analyzed, DCM from _G. septum_, W-EtOH from _P. dulce_, and EtOAc from _L. leuccephalus_ obtained the highest inhibitions. When analyzing their composition, different compounds with different polarities were found, similar to the results reported in [31]. On the other hand, it was observed that the ovicidal effect depended on the concentration of the extract partition. Regarding the effect of extract partitions, some authors [1; 2; 4; 5; 6; 32; 33; 34] found that fractions with higher polarities obtained lower IC\({}_{50}\) values in their effects on nematodes. In the present study, extract partitions of different polarities in each plant obtained the lowest IC\({}_{50}\) values. This effect was supported by the identification of compounds that have been previously associated with AA in other studies. Flavonoids with potential AA were identified in the extract partitions of the three plants [25; 35]. It is worth considering that these compounds, as proposed by other authors, could penetrate the cuticle of _H. contortus_ eggs. In the case of _G. septum_[36], 3,7-dihydroxy-3\({}^{\prime}\)A\({}^{\prime}\)-dimethoxyflavone was identified in the extract partition with the highest AA. In the metabolites identified in _L. leuccephalus_, [37], catechchin was found in the extract of _Pistacia lentiscus_, which demonstrated AA in gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. Reference [38] found AA in gallocatechin gallate in bovine nematode larvae. Luteolin and quercetin were able to inhibit the exsheathing of _H. contortus_, and references [39; 40] demonstrated the ovicidal effect of isorhametin. In glycosyl flavonoids, reference [41] demonstrated the ovicidal effect of rutin in _H. contortus_. When testing the AA of the ethanolic extract of _Lysiloma acapulcensis_ in the same nematode, [42] identified myricetin 3-O-rhannoside as the main compound. Epicatechin gallate was found to inhibit the association/penetrationtion of _H. contortus_ larvae with fundic tissue [43]. Regarding the flavonoids identified in _P. dulce_, the presence of quercetin-3-glucose has been reported in plants with proven AA [44; 45; 46]. An ovicidal effect on _H.