# Differential Evolution with Linear Bias Reduction in Parameter Adaptation
## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Func.** & **L-SHADE** & **jSO** & **DISH** \\ \hline f1 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \\ f2 & 1.12924\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.36906\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 2.92990\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.85360\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.48343\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.09772\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f3 & 2.04116\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 5.76301\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 2.05948\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.81538\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.07393\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 2.76334\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f4 & 4.42784\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.24157\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 4.64267\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.97379\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 4.63768\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.83692\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) \\ f5 & 1.01366\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 6.99335\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\) & 2.01814\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\)\(\pm\) 1.12021\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 6.41469\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\)\(\pm\) 4.26252\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) \\ f6 & 2.31513\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 5.99600\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 2.66587\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 6.28029\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 9.35968\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 3.25339\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f7 & 9.97161\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 1.46926\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 6.74912\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 1.05720\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 6.67590\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 2.66941\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f8 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 \\ f9 & 3.97749\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.21733\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 3.97785\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.10925\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 3.97699\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 2.99098\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) \\ f10 & 4.13658\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 3.04777\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\) & 4.13657\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.79505\(\times\)10\({}^{-4}\) & 4.13657\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.13687\(\times\)10\({}^{-13}\) \\ \hline
**Func.** & **L-SHADE-LBR** & **jSO-LBR** & **DISH-LBR** \\ \hline f1 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \\ f2 & 2.92990\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.85360\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.58541\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.19616\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.51160\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.09793\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f3 & 2.05948\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.81538\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.05692\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 2.22046\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.05423\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.49670\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f4 & 4.64267\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.97379\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 4.64425\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 3.98595\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 4.66623\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 4.65800\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) \\ f5 & 2.01814\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.12021\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 3.72641\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.37385\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\) & 2.11216\(\times\)10\({}^{1}\)\(\pm\) 1.23587\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) \\ f6 & 2.66587\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 6.28029\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) & 3.30280\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 2.01361\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 2.39600\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 5.25111\(\times\)10\({}^{-2}\) \\ f7 & 6.74912\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 1.05720\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 8.89450\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 1.51139\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) & 6.72319\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\)\(\pm\) 1.19042\(\times\)10\({}^{-1}\) \\ f8 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 & 1.00000\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 0.0 \\ f9 & 3.97749\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.21733\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 3.97785\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.10925\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) & 3.97699\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 2.99098\(\times\)10\({}^{0}\) \\ f10 & 4.13658\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 3.04777\(\times\)10\({}^{-3}\) & 4.13657\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.79505\(\times\)10\({}^{-4}\) & 4.13657\(\times\)10\({}^{2}\)\(\pm\) 1.13687\(\times\)10\({}^{-13}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}