## 3 Applications
### Three-Dimensional Scanning Applications in Cultural Heritage Field  
Three-dimensional scanning is a powerful technology that has proven to be a valuable tool in the field of cultural heritage preservation. The ability to create highly accurate and detailed digital models of cultural heritage artifacts and structures has opened up new opportunities for their preservation, study, and dissemination. The use of 3D scanning in cultural heritage preservation is a growing field, and has the potential to revolutionize the modus operandi in preserving and sharing our cultural heritage. One of the main applications of 3D scanning in cultural heritage field is the preservation of fragile or endangered artifacts. Traditional methods of preservation often involve physically handling and storing artifacts, which can lead to damage and deterioration over time. Three-dimensional scanning allows for the creation of digital replicas of artifacts that can be made available for study and research without the need for physical handling. This can significantly reduce the risk of damage to the original artifact and ensure its preservation for future generations [62]. Additionally, 3D scanning can be used to create detailed digital models of entire archaeological sites, allowing for the preservation of sites that may be at risk due to natural or human-fabricated causes [63]. Another important application of 3D scanning in cultural heritage preservation is the study and research of artifacts and sites. The ability to create detailed digital models of artifacts and structures allows for a greater level of analysis and study than would be possible with traditional methods. Three-dimensional scans can be used to create detailed digital models of artifacts, which can be analyzed and studied in great detail. This can provide valuable insights into the history, culture, and construction of artifacts and sites. Additionally, 3D scanning can be used to create digital restoration models, which can aid in the conservation and restoration of artifacts and structures [64]. Three-dimensional scanning also plays a significant role in the dissemination of cultural heritage. Digital models created by 3D scanning can be used to create virtual exhibitions, allowing people to view and interact with cultural heritage artifacts and sites from anywhere in the world. This can greatly expand the audience for cultural heritage and make it more accessible to a global audience. Additionally, 3D scanning can be used to create interactive educational tools and games, providing an engaging and immersive way to learn about cultural heritage. In addition to the above applications, 3D scanning can also be used to create digital twins of heritage sites [65; 66]. These digital twins are exact replicas of the heritage site, and can be used to simulate the potential impact of conservation work, development plans, or natural disasters on the heritage site. This can aid in the development of conservation and preservation strategies. It also allows for virtual visits for those who are unable to visit the site in person, or for those who want to see the site as it used to be in the past. Furthermore, 3D scanning technology has the potential to democratize access to cultural heritage. With the help of 3D scanning and the internet, people all over the world can access and learn about cultural heritage that would otherwise be inaccessible to them. This is particularly important in developing countries and in regions affected by conflict, where cultural heritage is often endangered. Numerous cases of relevant applications are being documented in published literature. More specific, one such case concerns the Parthenon temple in Athens, Greece where 3D scanning was used to create a detailed digital model of the Parthenon temple, which allowed for the analysis of the building's construction and the identification of previously unseen details. The Parthenon in Athens, Greece is a historic temple that has undergone extensive research and analysis over the years.