# Radioactivity in Calabrian (Southern Italy) Wild Boar Meat
## 3 Results and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sampling** & **K-40** & **Cs-137** & **Sampling** & **K-40** & **Cs-137** & **Sampling** & **K-40** & **Cs-137** \\
**Point** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **Point** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **Point** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(Bq kg\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{ID1} & \(110\pm 9\) & \(0.37\pm 0.10\) & & \multirow{4}{*}{ID3} & \(70\pm 6\) & \(0.62\pm 0.15\) & \multirow{4}{*}{ID5} & \(80\pm 11\) & \(1.12\pm 0.19\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(113\pm 9\) & \(0.51\pm 0.09\) & & & \(63\pm 6\) & \(1.28\pm 0.18\) & & \(93\pm 12\) & \(0.30\pm 0.10\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(97\pm 5\) & \(0.29\pm 0.08\) & & & \(83\pm 11\) & \(0.06\pm 0.02\) & & \(80\pm 12\) & \(0.07\pm 0.02\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(104\pm 6\) & \(0.61\pm 0.22\) & & & \(107\pm 10\) & \(0.25\pm 0.06\) & & \(113\pm 15\) & \(0.08\pm 0.03\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(95\pm 12\) & \(0.25\pm 0.07\) & & & \(70\pm 5\) & \(0.11\pm 0.03\) & & \(92\pm 13\) & \(0.41\pm 0.09\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{_Mean value_} & \(103\pm 8\) & \(0.40\pm 0.13\) & _Mean value_ & _79\(\pm\) 9_ & _0.46\(\pm\) 0.09_ & _Mean value_ & _92\(\pm\) 13_ & _0.39\(\pm\) 0.09_ \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(153\pm 21\) & \(0.24\pm 0.08\) & & & \(96\pm 7\) & \(1.87\pm 0.23\) & & \(102\pm 13\) & \(0.08\pm 0.03\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(71\pm 10\) & \(0.45\pm 0.13\) & & & \(118\pm 16\) & \(0.79\pm 0.18\) & & \(80\pm 11\) & \(0.09\pm 0.03\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(75\pm 6\) & \(0.26\pm 0.06\) & & & \(135\pm 18\) & \(2.14\pm 0.32\) & & \(95\pm 12\) & \(0.11\pm 0.04\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(66\pm 6\) & \(0.13\pm 0.04\) & & & \(119\pm 16\) & \(1.41\pm 0.25\) & & \(85\pm 11\) & \(0.07\pm 0.03\) \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-8}  & \(93\pm 12\) & \(0.26\pm 0.08\) & & & \(115\pm 15\) & \(1.83\pm 0.23\) & & \(91\pm 12\) & \(0.12\pm 0.04\) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{_Mean value_} & \(92\pm 11\) & \(0.27\pm 0.08\) & _Mean value_ & _117\(\pm\) 14_ & _1.61\(\pm\) 0.24_ & _Mean value_ & _91\(\pm\) 11_ & _0.09\(\pm\) 0.03_ \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The activity concentration of \({}^{40}\)K and \({}^{137}\)Cs for the analyzed wild boar meat samples. The effective dose, due to sample ingestion by adult members of the population, was calculated with Equation (2), in a very precautionary scenario: it was taken into account that the average consumption per person, per year, is equal to that of wild boar hunters (5.36 kg annum\({}^{-1}\), maximum value), according to the literature [19]. The estimated value obtained, due to \({}^{40}\)K and \({}^{137}\)Cs radionuclides, is reported in Table 3, together with the total one, ranging from 2.66 \(\mu\)Sv a\({}^{-1}\) (ID3) to 4.00 \(\mu\)Sv a\({}^{-1}\) (ID4), much lower than the limit set for the population (1 mSv a\({}^{-1}\)) [20], as reported in Figure 3.  
The scenario used in the foregoing estimation of the dose by ingestion is also very conservative because the wild boar meat is not eaten raw. It is cooked and consumed immediately or preserved, thus reducing the \({}^{137}\)Cs content [21]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sampling Point** & \begin{tabular}{c} **E\({}_{\textbf{k-40}}\)** \\ **(\(\mu\)Sv a\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **E\({}_{\textbf{C5-137}}\)** \\ **(\(\mu\)Sv a\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **E\({}_{\textbf{tot}}\)** \\ **(\(\mu\)Sv a\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline ID1 & 3.42 & 0.03 & 3.45 \\ \hline ID2 & 3.06 & 0.02 & 3.08 \\ \hline ID3 & 2.63 & 0.03 & 2.66 \\ \hline ID4 & 3.89 & 0.11 & 4.00 \\ \hline ID5 & 3.06 & 0.03 & 3.09 \\ \hline ID6 & 3.02 & 0.01 & 3.03 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: The \({}^{40}\)K, \({}^{137}\)Cs and total effective dose due to sample ingestion by adult members of the population. Figure 2: The activity concentration of \({}^{40}\)K (**a**) and \({}^{137}\)Cs (**b**) for the investigated samples in the selected sampling points.