# Scheduling Optimization of Mobile Emergency Vehicles Considering Dual Uncertainties
## 2 Model Construction  
### Problem Description  
In order to quickly respond to the emergency needs of the \"golden period of emergency\", mobile emergency network should be promptly built around the disaster area in the early stages of a disaster. This network should be centered where mobile emergency vehicles gather and cover a specific affected area. Compared with the traditional construction mode of emergency services, as shown in Figure 1 and Table 1, mobile emergency realizes the flattening, expansion, and intelligent upgrading of the emergency system. The infrastructure and data network in the system are enhanced to provide rapid response, global service and unified feedback. Problems, such as inflexibility supply and inefficiency transportation, are eliminated and replaced by flexible mobility, risk evaluation, and advanced emergency service. As shown in Figure 1, there are two mainlines for emergency response. One of the mainlines means that government conducts facilities deployment, service assignment, instruction execution, and emergency planning to reduce the emergency cost. The other of the mainlines represents that government endeavor to minimize emergency response time through disaster analysis, risk identification, decision support, and emergency management. As for traditional architecture, the traditional emergency infrastructure and data can only support statistical decision and organizational convergence. This leads to slow emergency response in the earlier stage (pre-disaster). In the middle stage, traditional emergency architecture can only provide a local service via inefficient transportation and inflexible supply facilities. And due to the comprehensive summary and fixed deployment, the emergency service results have to be fed back hierarchically. Hence, traditional emergency architecture have bottlenecks in minimizing emergency response time and cost. As for mobile emergency architecture, it provides a mass of mobile emergency data to form an advanced service and support trend prediction, which greatly improve the response speed in the earlier stage. This kind of superiority can extend to the middle stage to offer a global service with flexible mobility and risk evaluation. In the later stage (post-disaster), the mobile emergency architecture will implement unified feedback through its data analysis ability after boundary expansion. Furthermore, since mobile emergency vehicles are easy to move, materials and vehicles from different mobile emergency centers can be shared and utilized to help each other, so that the emergency support function is more powerful. However, the process of disaster evolution is very complex, and its damage is difficult to predict accurately, which brings many uncertainties in emergency response. Thus, when determining the operation mode of mobile vehicles, it is necessary to consider the uncertain risks inevitably caused by the unique attributes of sudden disasters. In order to dynamically adjust according to external uncertain conditions, such as road damage risk and demand change, the established mobile emergency scheduling system takes the collection center of mobile emergency vehicles as \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**System Dimension** & **Traditional Emergency** & **Mobile Emergency** \\ \hline Infrastructure & Immobile & Intelligent, mobile \\ \hline Data & Unidirectional, mass data & Multisource, big data \\ \hline Command & Mess, trivial, lack of operability & Comprehensive, specific, intelligent \\ \hline Response & Slow assignment & Rapid and agile distribution \\ \hline Feedback & Hierarchical & Directly, unified \\ \hline Service & According to a pre-arranged plan & On-demand, regional autonomy \\ \hline Effectiveness & Cursory, delayed & Precise, timely, satisfying \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Difference between traditional emergency system and mobile emergency system. Figure 1: Comparison of traditional emergency system and mobile emergency system. the focal point.