# Human-AI Co-Drawing: Studying Creative Efficacy and Eye Tracking in Observation and Cooperation
## 3 Materials and Methods
### Experimental Design
#### 3.2.3 Selection of Eye Movement Data Metrics  
User creative experience is important in a variety of fields such as design, art, and education, and eye-tracking data can provide unique insights to help researchers and designers understand how users process information and make decisions in creative tasks [11]. Eye-tracking technology can record data such as the distribution of a user's visual attention, gaze points, and sweep paths, which reflect the cognitive processes of the user when faced with a creative task. Here are a few key points on how eye movement data can be used to explain a user's creative experience: Gaze points and gaze durations can mark the identification of creative elements. A user's gaze points on creative content can reveal which elements captured their attention. Longer gaze durations may indicate that users are thinking deeply or trying to understand a particular creative element.  
Gaze points and gaze durations can signify indicators of thought processes, with longer durations of gaze possibly associated with deep thinking or information processing, suggesting that the user is investing more cognitive resources in interacting with specific elements of the creative task. Sweeping paths can characterize information search and integration: users' sweeping paths show how they move their eyes between creative content, reflecting the process of information search and integration. Non-linear or exploratory scanning paths may indicate that users are exploring connections between creative elements or looking for inspiration. Sweeping paths may mark the exploration of creative solutions; in solving creative problems, users may compare and weigh multiple potential solutions. This comparison process may be reflected by complex or repetitive sweeping paths. Heat maps can characterize areas of concentration of creative focus. Heat maps can show areas of concentration of a user's eyes during a creative experience, revealing the creative elements that capture the user's attention.  
These areas of concentration may be starting points for innovative thinking or important creative triggers. Hotspot maps can indicate the distribution and breadth of visual attention, showing how users allocate their attention during creative tasks. Distracted distribution of attention may indicate that the user is searching widely for inspiration or information. Pupil diameter correlates with the degree of attentional focus, and pupillary response correlates with the distribution of attention. When an individual is particularly interested in an object or activity, their pupils dilate. In experiments, this can help the researcher to understand which elements or interactions attract the participants' attention the most [39]. It investigated eye gaze patterns, where the search strategies employed by the participants depended, to some extent, on verbal fluency and ranged from strictly structured search patterns to random searches for the target word. It's study of pupil changes that reliably predicted strategy during hierarchical decision-making change provides evidence for improved decision-making models, as well as for the development of more effective decision aids [8; 40].  
Figure 5: Scene diagram of experimental recording of field subjects.  
In conclusion, by analysing eye movement data, researchers and designers can gain insights into how users interact with creative content, and which elements most stimulate creative thinking, revealing the cognitive and visual strategies users use when faced with creative challenges. These insights can help optimize the design of creative content, enhance the user's creative experience, and potentially promote higher levels of innovation and creative expression, hence the choice of annotation points, gaze duration, and pupil diameter as observational variables.