## 6 Our Perspectives: What Solutions?  
As hospital settings' role as a source of nosocomial HA-MRSA infections has been outlined above, combating MRSA infections could be achieved by limiting unnecessary hospital visits and performing hand hygiene that is shown to be effective in preventingMRSA. Applying measures, such as isolating MRSA infected patients, using protective gear, reducing inappropriate administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and screening MRSA and eradicating MRSA in colonized patients and healthcare workers should be adequate measures to curb MRSA infections [37]. We propose a need for legislation preventing the over-the-counter acquisition of antibiotics, especially in developing countries, to decrease the pace of emergent resistance. In addition, since NPs have multiple simultaneous antibacterial mechanisms, they paralyze the ability of bacteria to mutate and develop resistance against them genetically. Therefore, we also propose taking the nanotheranostics and their combinations with antibiotics into consideration for development, safety assessment, and approval as theranostics against MRSA infections.  
Regarding the biofilm dilemma, understanding the mechanism behind how persisters of _S. aureus_ form would improve our ability to control chronic tolerant infections [88] instead of removing the untreated infected medical implant or sharp debridement of the wound. In our words, \"we must be intelligent, by acquiring knowledge, to best deal with the intelligence of bacteria such as forming tolerant persisters.\" For example, considering the dependence of the formation of persisters on (p)ppGpp signaling, using (p)ppGpp synthesis inhibitors, namely relacin, has shown an elegant reduction of the cell viability and disruption of biofilms [248]. The acyldepispeptide antibiotic (ADEP4) activating ClpP protease has demonstrated efficient killing of persister cells via degrading over 400 proteins, forcing the self-digestion of cells [249]. Adding glucose to treated _S. aureus_ persisters with daptomycin has also shown a five-fold increase in the killing of persisters in one hour. This synergistic glucose-daptomycin effect could be attributed to glucose induction to specific carbohydrate transport proteins, increasing the susceptibility to daptomycin, or to glucose stimulating the release or activity of cell-lytic proteins, enhancing the action of daptomycin [250]. Therefore, taking advantage of such agents (relacin, ADEP4, and glucose while considering glycemia) to be used as adjuvants with antibiotics or as cargoes in nanotheranostic systems could provide a brilliant regime for fighting tolerant and resistant chronic infections.  
We believe that electrospun wound dressings could serve as multi-functional smart dressings, controlling atopic dermatitis. We propose using star polymers with UV-light responsiveness for electrospinning, where we can benefit from UV-light for both phototherapy and controlled unloading of corticosteroids and antibiotics as an effective topical treatment of atopic dermatitis. If researchers incorporated NPs mediating the diagnosis of _S. aureus_ into such electrospun wound dressings controlling atopic dermatitis, then the successful development of what we call \"multifunctional theranostic nanofibers\" would be achieved.  
We are coming now to the critical point of biocompatibility and safety of nanotheranostics, which could be comprehensively reviewed in a separate manuscript. A recent review has highlighted that every distinct form of Ag NP is considered a separate compound with distinctive physicochemical properties and unique antibacterial and resistance mechanisms [162]. We would like to expand this perspective to infer that every nanotheranostic system is a unique product that should be thoroughly investigated for biocompatibility and approved before any commercial antibacterial theranostic application.