## 5 Conclusions  
Comprehensive analysis of the integrated multiscale dataset has led to the quantitative description of karst features on the Jintan and M1 carbonate platforms (Table 4). Analysis of the seismic cube using three methods of spectral decomposition suggested that the STFT method was most likely to delineate more karst features compared to the CWT method. The evolution of karst interpreted on the KI, K2 and K3 horizons indicated that the dendritic features were well-formed and most prominent in the K2 horizon which falls below the backstepping intervals of both platforms. K1 horizon revealed circular shaped features, most probably sinkhole structures in the lagoonal area of the Jintan platform. The presence of karst features was more prominent in the lagoonal area of both platforms as well as the ree \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Data** & **Kast Features** \\ \hline Drilling parameters & Jintan-3 well reported lost circulation at depth of _1869 m_ at a rate of approximately _300 bbl/min_. \\ \hline Thin sections & 2–4 _mm_ vugs and moldic pore size observed (leaching) with _25\%_ and _29\%_ of vuggy and moldic porosity in the Jintan wells. \\ \hline Core & \(\geq\)0.5–1 cm_ vugs and moldic porosity observed. \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Rubbles and chalkified intervals described.} \\ \hline Seismic & Dendritic: \(\geq\)70–100 m deep, 1–5 _km_ length and \(\geq\)500 m_ wide. \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Sinkhole/circular: \(\leq\)1 _km_ in diameter.} \\ \hline Volumetric Calculations & Volume of the karst geobodies is 1.45 \(\times\) 107 m\({}^{3}\) with a total area of 66.66 km\({}^{2}\). \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Kast features observed on Jintan and M1 fields from the multiscale dataset. Figure 17: The extracted dendritic karst geobodies from Jintan and M1 platforms which were utilized for the volumetric estimation. The STFT spectral decomposition method on seismics has improved the quantitative analysis on karst features of carbonate platforms. This study has also emphasized the importance of an integrated geological and geophysical study crucial for geobody characterization especially on carbonate platforms. The study on karst in Central Luconia has been undertaken since the 1980s. However, the nature of the karst morphology in Central Luconia remains controversial. There is limited evidence on the influence of tectonism on karst morphology. Petrographic analysis revealed large vugs and moldic pores with blocky to dogtooth calcite cement that was precipitated on the interior of fossils/molds observed, which suggests the apparent rapidity of dissolution within the mixing zone. Thus, it is possible that the karst morphology in Jintan and M1 platforms originated from a mixing zone karst. Furthermore, the karst features observed are dendritic features unlike the flank margin or banana hole caves features as observed in Bahamas [16]. The large size of the Jintan platform could possibly allow the development of conduit flow and produce traditional epigenic cave systems that discharge the freshwater lens by specific turbulent flow routes, which in turn are fed by diffuse flow in the island interior [17]. The conduit flow has allowed the karst to be developed, and hence supported the argument that the karst morphology in Central Luconia developed under the mixing zone conditions. Conceptualization, S.S.A.R., S.B.B., G.J.S., M.C.P. and R.R. ; methodology, S.S.A.R., M.H.H., M.C.P. ; software, R.R. ; validation, R.R., G.J.S. ; formal analysis, S.S.A.R. ; investigation, S.S.A.R., S.B.B., G.J.S. ; resources, N.H.M.J. ; data curation, S.S.A.R., S.B.B., G.J.S. ; writing--original draft preparation, S.S.A.R. ; writing--review and editing, G.J.S., R.R. ; visualization, M.H.H. ; supervision, M.H.H., N.H.M.J., M.C.P. ; project administration, S.S.A.R., S.B.B. ; funding acquisition, N.H.M.J. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.