## 3 Results
### Kinematic Parameters
** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Left} & \multirow{4}{*}{Left} & Before CLS & 27.18 & 0.68 & 25.84 & 28.53 & 0.192 \\  & & After CLS & 27.52 & 0.69 & 26.15 & 28.88 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{Left} & Before CLS & \(-\)15.11 & 0.68 & \(-\)16.45 & \(-\)13.76 & 0.436 \\  & & After CLS & \(-\)14.94 & 0.71 & \(-\)16.34 & \(-\)13.55 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & 42.29 & 0.38 & 41.54 & 43.04 & 0.457 \\  & & After CLS & 42.46 & 0.37 & 41.73 & 43.19 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{Flexion} & Before CLS & 26.12 & 0.64 & 24.85 & 27.39 & 0.003 *** \\  & & & After CLS & 26.75 & 0.67 & 25.44 & 28.07 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{Right} & \multirow{4}{*}{Extension} & Before CLS & \(-\)14.77 & 0.62 & \(-\)16.00 & \(-\)13.54 & 0.137 \\  & & & After CLS & \(-\)14.47 & 0.68 & \(-\)15.81 & \(-\)13.13 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & 40.88 & 0.37 & 40.15 & 41.62 & 0.173 \\  & & & After CLS & 41.22 & 0.36 & 40.51 & 41.92 & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Left} & \multirow{4}{*}{Left} & \multirow{4}{*}{Abduction} & Before CLS & 5.50 & 0.37 & 4.77 & 6.23 & 0.188 \\  & & & After CLS & 5.26 & 0.35 & 4.57 & 5.95 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & \(-\)7.80 & 0.33 & \(-\)8.45 & \(-\)7.15 & 0.018 * \\  & & & After CLS & \(-\)8.16 & 0.35 & \(-\)8.86 & \(-\)7.47 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & 13.30 & 0.36 & 12.99 & 14.00 & 0.481 \\  & & & After CLS & 13.42 & 0.33 & 12.78 & 14.07 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{Right} & \multirow{4}{*}{Adduction} & Before CLS & 6.39 & 0.35 & 5.69 & 7.09 & 0.184 \\  & & & After CLS & 6.18 & 0.38 & 5.44 & 6.92 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & \(-\)6.88 & 0.35 & \(-\)7.56 & \(-\)6.19 & 0.884 \\  & & & After CLS & \(-\)6.85 & 0.35 & \(-\)7.54 & \(-\)6.16 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & 13.27 & 0.37 & 12.54 & 14.00 & 0.23 \\  & & & After CLS & 13.03 & 0.32 & 12.40 & 13.67 & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Stride Length (m)} & \multirow{4}{*}{Left} & \multirow{4}{*}{Max External Rotation} & Before CLS & \(-\)10.01 & 0.82 & \(-\)11.62 & \(-\)8.39 & 0.034 * \\  & & & After CLS & \(-\)11.42 & 1.14 & \(-\)13.68 & \(-\)9.15 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & \(-\)29.24 & 0.86 & \(-\)30.94 & \(-\)27.53 & \(p\) \(<\) 0.001 *** \\ \cline{2-5}  & & & After CLS & \(-\)31.97 & 1.04 & \(-\)34.03 & \(-\)29.90 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & Before CLS & 19.23 & 0.47 & 18.30 & 20.17 & \(p\) \(<\) 0.001 *** \\  & & & After CLS & 20.55 & 0.52 & 19.53 & 21.58 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{ROM} & \multirow{4}{*}{After CLS} & \(-\)5.09 & 0.80 & \(-\)6.68 & \(-\)3.49 & 0.029 * \\  & & & After CLS & \(-\)4.24 & 0.89 & \(-\)6.00 & \(-\)2.48 & \\ \cline{2-5}  & & \multirow{4}{*}{Right} & \multirow{4}{*}{Min (Lateral or} & Before CLS & \(-\)26.08 & 0.88 & \(-\)27.83 & \(-\)24.33 & 0.193 \\  & & & & After CLS & \(-\)26.55 & 0.95 & \(-\)28.43 & \(-\)24.68 & \\ \clFigure 3: Hip angles’ comparison between before and after CLS in right side. Note: Green: before CLS, Red: after CLS; X, Y, and Z: the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes. Thickness lines: mean,fined lines: standard error of mean. The curve patterns were plotted using right side 118 pair trials for before and after CLS, and some trails with gaps were removed. As the trails used to plot figures were resampled to 50 frames, there are slightly numeric differences between figures and tables. Nevertheless, the figures show the trends between before and after CLS. Although the ankle transverse ROM elevated on both the right and left sides during the walking after CLS compared to before, only the significant difference was in the left ankle, in which the ROM increased around 4.4% after CLS (\(p=0.022\)) as in Table 5.