## 5 Test and Results Regarding Market Participation
### Test Results and Comparisons  
The results obtained from the case studies are presented in Table 4. Here, the expected earnings for the months of February, April, June, and October are realized as USD 250.90, USD 578.38, USD 163.57, and USD 216.39, respectively. Expected income should be stated as the expected earnings from the previous day according to predictions. However, after the market clearing procedure, different prices can emerge for each hour. If the energy offer provided by the SLB facility is accepted, it is traded based on the market clearing price. It should also be recalled that the SLB facility is in the price-taking position in this study, so it does not influence the market price, and it is assumed that the offered amounts are accepted. Maximum gainable prices define the income that could be obtained if all actual prices were known one day before, which is impossible. The earned profits, on the other hand, were realized as USD 371.39, USD 539.01, USD 218.72, and USD 195.99, respectively, in the case studies. Profit above the expected income for February and June has been achieved because the market prices were relatively high. However, in April and October, the realized prices were slightly below the expected because the market prices were relatively lower than expected. When compared to the results obtained when the future price is known, this study can yield a profit of 85.48% in terms of ratio. Even in the worst-case scenario, a profit of 52.10% is obtained without mentioning any losses, which should be noted as a significant gain. Table 5 presents the income, cost, purchased energy, and sold energy quantities for each month. The highest income is earned in February with USD 1902.17, while in April, although the income is lower, the profit obtained is the maximum. Additionally, the amount of sold energy is lower than the amount of purchased energy because of the efficiencies of charging and discharging the batteries. Charge and discharge efficiencies cause some amount of energy loss. Optimum energy trading information for February is presented in Figure 5 based on the prediction and actual prices. According to the prediction prices, energy from batteries is sold to the electricity market between 00:00 and 01:00, followed by recharging the batteries between 05:00 and 06:00. Then, this energy is sold to the market between 10:00 and 11:00. However, based on the actual prices, selling occurs between 06:00 and 07:00, purchases between 07:00 and 08:00, and selling again between 10:00 and 11:00. According to the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Cases**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Month**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Expected Profit [USD]**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Obtained Profit**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Gainable Maximum**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Rate of Obtained and**} \\  & & & **According to Predicted** & **Profit According to** & **Gainable Maximum** \\  & & & **Prices [USD]** & **Actual Prices [USD]** & **Profit [\%]** \\ \hline Case-1 & February & 250.90 & 371.39 & 601.09 & 61.79 \\ \hline Case-2 & April & 578.38 & 539.01 & 630.552 & 85.48 \\ \hline Case-3 & June & 163.57 & 218.72 & 278.21 & 78.72 \\ \hline Case-4 & October & 216.39 & 195.99 & 376.20 & 52.10 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Results obtained from case studies. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Cases**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Month**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Income**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cost**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Energy Selling [kWh]**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Energy Buying [kWh]**} \\  & & **[USD]** & **[USD]** & & \\ \hline Case-1 & February & 1902.17 & 1530.78 & 10,990.45 & 12,177.78 \\ \hline Case-2 & April & 932.07 & 393.06 & 15,623.42 & 17,311.26 \\ \hline Case-3 & June & 841.54 & 622.82 & 10,990.45 & 12,177.78 \\ \hline Case-4 & October & 584.07 & 388.08 & 6357.48 prediction prices, batteries are recharged between 12:00 and 13:00, and energy sales take place between 20:00 and 21:00.