## 4 Results of Qualitative and Quantitative (Morphological) Analysis
### Morphological Regions
#### 4.1.2 Size of Morphological Regions/Units (Coverage)  
This section presents an overview of the initial spatial coverage of morphological regions, with a focus on block areas, building footprints, and street lengths. It is important to note that the coverage of these regions is not permanent; rather, their transformation and spatial extent are subject to various influencing factors, potentially leading to alterations in their characteristics due to aggressive transformation processes. Employing a method that analyzes the physical variables of morphological region coverage offers quantitative evidence that can be correlated with transformation processes across different scales [23; 39].  
The distribution of street coverage (Figure 4) holds comparable significance to land coverage, indicating a correlation with the hierarchical structure of urban elements over time. Streets tend to exhibit greater resilience to temporal changes in urban development and transformation compared to block and building coverage. However, the correlation between streets and blocks depends on street configuration. In Section 4.1.1, the research has already highlighted changes in street configurations over time. In this methodological section, we demonstrate the variability in block coverage across different street configurations, thereby differentiating within the same land area.  
Physical changes, block coverage, building coverage, and the relationships between them are crucial variables that collectively shape the characteristics of a morphological region. Comparing block and building coverage over time provides valuable insights into how the morphological region has been organized, developed, and transformed. This comparison also reveals the extent of changes in the urban fabric and how it has transformed.  
In the mid-19 th century, urban blocks covered nearly all the land, reflecting the early stages of Ottoman urbanization and a compact urban form. This high level of block coverage indicates that the land was primarily used for continuous urban development in the Khan area, with very little undeveloped space. However, building coverage was much lower, suggesting that while the blocks were extensive, they were not densely built upon.  
Figure 4: Transformation of the morphological region coverage of the Khan area over time, with its elements: streets, blocks, and building footprints.  
At the beginning of the 20 th century, block coverage decreased, reflecting a period of restructuring and reconfiguring in the Khan area to accommodate the city's modernization. This change was also driven by large fires and earthquakes that led to the demolition of certain areas.  
In contemporary times, block coverage has increased again. This increase suggests that previously demolished areas have been reutilized. As the Khan area has grown and transformed, building coverage has also risen. This increase points to more intensive development, resulting in a denser urban fabric. Table 2 provides a detailed summary of the changes in the percentage coverage of blocks and building areas relative to the overall land area, offering insights into the spatial evolution and development intensity of the morphological regions.