## 4 Discussion
### The Development Trend of Potential LYC-A from near Shore to Deep-Sea and Far-Sea  
Deep-sea and far-sea aquaculture is gaining momentum globally [50], with notable examples, such as Norway's salmon farming in the fjords and Japan's offshore fishery operations. These cases demonstrate the viability and potential of moving aquaculture into the open ocean, where conditions are more stable, and space is less contested [51; 52]. The success of such endeavors underscores the broader applicability of this approach to other marine species, including the large yellow croaker. Zhejiang Province, with its abundant marine resources and strong seafood sector, is well-positioned to lead in deep-sea aquaculture. Its long coastline and maritime economy, along with its infrastructure and marine tech innovation, make it an ideal pioneer for advanced aquaculture.  
In this study, the rules of site selection evaluation of potential large yellow croaker cage aquaculture areas along the coast of Zhejiang Province are consistent with the development layout and trend from near shore to deep-sea and far-sea. Deep-sea and far-sea aquaculture in Zhejiang Province is significant for ecological conservation and sustainable development, reducing pressure on nearshore ecosystems, aiding marine habitat recovery, and preserving biodiversity. It also sustains a high-quality seafood supply and meets market demands to uphold Zhejiang's reputation in sustainable seafood production. Moreover, the advancement of deep-sea and far-sea aquaculture in Zhejiang can serve as a model for other coastal regions, both domestically and internationally [53; 54; 55; 56; 57]. By demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of such operations, Zhejiang can contribute to the global dialogue on sustainable aquaculture and set a precedent for environmentally responsible practices in the marine sector. This leadership role is crucial in an era where the sustainable use of marine resources is increasingly recognized as essential for the health of our oceans and the livelihoods of coastal communities.  
Remote sensing technologies have found widespread application in environmental monitoring and post-installation validation of aquaculture zones. By utilizing satellite imagery and remote sensing data, various water quality parameters, such as sea surface temperature, suspended sediment concentrations, and chlorophyll-a levels, can be monitored in real time [58]. These data provide valuable insights into the impacts of aquaculture activities on coastal ecosystems, allowing for the assessment of environmental changes over time. Remote sensing facilitates the identification of environmental stressors, supports sustainable aquaculture management, and aids in the optimization of site selection and monitoring strategies [59].  
Future studies should consider the impact of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) [60] and pharmaceuticals [61] on aquaculture environments, as these factors influence water quality and fish health. Additionally, the orientation of aquaculture cages relative to ocean currents, as well as the potential pollution from nearby urban, industrial, and port areas, should be explored [62]. Addressing these aspects will help optimize cage placement, improve environmental sustainability, and mitigate pollution risks in aquaculture zones. Typhoons can be effectively detected and monitored using satellite remote sensing technology, which provides critical data on the storm's development, track, and intensity [63]. Moreover, satellite remote sensing is also instrumental in assessing the impact of typhoons on fishing grounds by detecting changes in suspended matter concentration, chlorophyll levels, primary productivity, and sea surface temperature. These parameters are essential for understanding typhoons' ecological and economic implications on marine environments [64].