## 3 Results  
### Meteorological and Microclimate Data  
As shown in Figure 1, the 2018 and 2019 vintages had relatively high temperatures and few rainfalls in the summer, which was typical of the semi-arid continental climate in Xinjiang. The monthly air temperatures and the rainfalls were almost within the range of those between the years 2009 and 2019. There were 20 and 25 high-temperature days (T\({}_{\rm max}>35\)\({}^{\circ}\)C) from the anthesis to the harvest in the years 2018 and 2019, respectively. The average monthly temperature peak began at the end of June to the beginning of July, and began to show a downward trend in August. In terms of rainfalls, the total rainfalls in the two years had little difference, but the distribution was different. The rainfalls in the year 2019 during the berry setting period and the berry expansion period were higher than that in the year 2018, but the rainfalls in 2019 during the veraison period (3.6 mm) were significantly lower than in 2018 (21.9 mm). In addition, there was also a significant difference in the sunlight duration between the two years. During the grape growing season, compared to the year 2019, there were a higher sunshine duration and rainfall during the veraison period in the year 2018, but the temperature did not have a significant difference. And at the harvest (in September), there were higher sunlight duration and lower temperature in the year of 2018. The climate indices chosen for the analysis were described in Table 1. Growing season temperature (GST) is the mean air temperature of all days (from 1 April to 30 September). Figure 1: Summary of the monthly average meteorological data, (**a**) temperature, and (**b**) rainfalls from April to October in the experimental vineyards compared to the vintages from 2009–2019. Because temperature is generally recorded as minimum and maximum temperatures each day, GST is an estimate of the average temperature [38]. The results showed the experimental area was 'Hot region' (19.6-20.4 \({}^{\circ}\)C). In general terms, GSTs between 13 and 21 \({}^{\circ}\)C are considered suitable for quality wine grape production with different varieties being more suitable to different temperature regimes [39]. The growing degree-days (GDD) index is a measure of heat summation. The accumulation of heat units over time is a common method of describing the suitability of growing crops in different climates. It is calculated by subtracting a base temperature (10 \({}^{\circ}\)C for winegrapes) from the average temperature recorded each day (from 1 April to 30 September) and then summating all values above zero. This experimental area was'region IV', which was the 'warm region'. The Huglin Index (HI) [40] is a variation on the GDD, differing in three ways. Instead of using average temperature over a 24-h period, the HI effectively uses an estimate of the daytime temperature by taking the mean of the average and maximum temperatures in its calculation. And in this study, the results showed that the experimental area was'very warm' [41]. The rainfalls in the experimental area were 109.6 mm and 102.0 mm in the year 2018 and the year 2019. The bioclimatic indices confirmed that the experimental area was a hot and dry climate. After covering purslane, the solar radiation around the bunch zone and the temperature were decreased, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2a clearly showed that the bunch-zone temperatures after covering purslane were lower (approximately 2.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C) than those of the control in the year 2018, and there was the same trend in the year 2019. It was worth noticing that the temperatures of the fruit zone in the year 2018 were higher than those in the year 2019, which meant the treatment of covering purslane in the year 2018 magnified its effect in the extremely hot weather to balance the temperatures.