## 3 Results and Discussion
### Chemical Composition and Internal Structure of Samples
As the proportion of commercial pulp increased further, the Schopper-Riegler degree gradually rose, reaching 35\({}^{\circ}\) SR for a 30-70% mix and 40\({}^{\circ}\) SR for a 10-90% mix of Tradescantia and commercial pulp, respectively, as shown in Figure 5:2  
Figure 5:3 Internal structure of paper made from 100% unbleached _Tradescantia fluminensis_ pulp. SEM visualization at x100 with the JEOL6100 electron microscope at CACTI, University of Vigo, Spain. Figure 5:4 Different Shopper-Riegler degrees (\({}^{\circ}\)SR) obtained for handsheets with different proportions of _Tradescantia fluminensis_ biomass and commercial pulp. Regarding the test sheet weight (Figure 16), the calculated data, averaged from multiple tests, indicate that the sheet weight increases as the proportion of commercial pulp rises relative to Tradescantia. The weight ranges from 0.41 g for sheets composed of 90% Tradescantia and 10% commercial pulp to 1.55 g for sheets made with 10% Tradescantia and 90% commercial pulp. This increase in weight can be attributed to the internal composition of commercial pulp, which consists of longer and thicker fibers. As the proportion of commercial pulp increases, the sheets demonstrate higher weights compared to those made predominantly from Tradescantia, which is characterized by shorter, smaller fibers and linkages. A similar trend is observed in the grammage of the handsheets (Figure 17). There is a significant increase in grammage as the proportion of commercial pulp rises, ranging from 20.39 g/m\({}^{2}\) for a 90-10% Tradescantia-commercial pulp mix to 77.26 g/m\({}^{2}\) for a 10-90% mix. Figure 5:5 Different weight (g) variations obtained for handsheets with different proportions of Tradescantia _fuminensis_ biomass and commercial pulp. Figure 5:6 Different grammage (g/m\({}^{2}\)) values obtained for handsheets with different proportions of Tradescantia _fuminensis_ biomass and commercial pulp. As shown in Figure 18, the medium thickness (mm), specific density (g/cm\({}^{3}\)), and specific volume (cm\({}^{3}\)/g) are interrelated properties, with changes in one parameter influencing the others. This interdependence creates a consistent pattern in the analyzed data. While thickness remains relatively constant, thinner handsheets are observed when the _Tradescantia fluminensis_ content is higher, ranging from 0.11 to 0.15 mm, compared to when there a higher commercial pulp content, where the sheets range from 0.15 to 0.16 mm in thickness. In contrast, specific volume shows greater variability is response to changes in composition. The highest specific volume (5.46 cm\({}^{3}\)/g) is observed in handsheets with a 90-10% mix of _Tradescantia fluminensis_ and commercial pulp, where Tradescantia is the predominant raw material. Conversely, the highest specific density (0.18 g/cm\({}^{3}\)) is recorded for handsheets with a 10-90% mix of Tradescantia and commercial pulp. Gurley air resistance times and permeability properties, as shown in Figures 19 and 20, exhibit an inverse relationship. Handsheets with higher commercial pulp contents demonstrate greater air resistance, reaching 8.77 s, while those with higher Tradescantia contents exhibit higher permeability values, such as 61.5 \(\upmu\)m/(Pa-s). This specific property is among the most significant findings of the study. As reported in previous research [16], handsheets made entirely from _Tradescantia fluminensis_ (100%) displayed remarkable air resistance, achieving high Gurley times of 262.3 s and exceptionally low permeability values of 0.52 \(\upmu\)m/(Pa-s). In contrast, handsheets composed exclusively of commercial bleached Eucalyptus pulp, refined for 2 min in the same PFI mill, recorded lower Gurley times (13.15 s) and higher permeability values (10.29 \(\upmu\)m/(Pa-s)). When mixing the two materials, the air resistance properties decrease significantly.