## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Application Areas** & **Conductive Material** & **Effect on Cellular Activities** & **References** \\ \hline
**PPy:** & An increased-Fors gene expression level and enhanced nerve regeneration & \\
**i. Pry/PLGA** & Formation of longer neurites by electrical stimulation of & [101, 102, 103, 104] \\
**ii. Pry/P/PLGA** & PCI2 cells & PCI2 cells & \\
**Engineering** & & Enhancing the PCI2 cell attachment. & \\ \hline
**PEDOT:** & Development of nerve conduits for axonal regeneration. & \\
**i. PEDOT/zigrose gel hydrogel** & Electrical stimulation of PCI2 cells for neural & [105, 106] \\
**i. PEDOT/HA/PLA** & & out growth. & \\ \hline
**Carbon fibers and nanofibers:** & Electrical stimulation accelerated cell proliferation and differentiation of nerve cells & [84] \\
**Cnto** & & \\ \hline
**CNFs** & Hybrided containing single-walled carbon & Schwann cell (SC) response to SWCNT is examined in & \\
**Neural Tissue** & nanotubes (SWCNTs) & both 2D and 3D microenvironments & [82] \\
**Engineering** & & \\ \hline
**i. Conductive polyaniline/graphene (PAG)** & Electrical and mechanical properties increased & \\ nanoparticles into a chitosan/gelatin matrix & depending on the PAG content & [85, 90] \\
**ii. Polyaniline/graphene** & Improved electrical conductivity, stabilized thermal behavior & \\ \hline
**Au:** & Enhances neuronal proliferation with encouraged axonal & [95] \\  & polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin & elongation over forming a complex branching trees & [95] \\ \hline
**Ag** & & Improved mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity & \\  & Carboxylated Cellulose & (Gram-positive and Gram-positive bacteria). & [97] \\  & Nanembers-Dopamine/Silver Nanoparticles (CCN-DA/AgNN/) & and electrical conductivity & [99, 100] \\
**Zw:** & & \\ \hline
1. ZnO-NPs polymer composites 90:50, 7525, 90:10, 982, and 100:00 (PUZ20 wt.%) & Decreased astroglial cell adhesion and proliferation & [99, 100] \\  & ZnNPs in poly(caprolactone) (PCL) matrix & Promoted neuroglial cell proliferation & [99, 100] \\ \hline
**PAN:** & & Surpeting adhesion and proliferation of Hbc2 & \\  & i. PAN/PCL & Increasing cell differentiation of CAC12 myoblasts. & [107, 108, 109] \\  & ii. PAN/CSA & In vitro differentiation of nMSC into cardiorespiratory & \\  & iv. PAN/PLGA & Integration of cardiomyocyteocytes. & \\ \hline
**PPy:** & & Stimulating cardiac myocytes. & \\  & i. Pry/PC/gelatin & Regeneration of infarct myocardium and cardiac defects. & [110, 111] \\
**Cardiac Tissue** & **CNTs:** & Surpeting for improved alignment of cardiomyocyte & [94, 112] \\
**Engineering** & i. CNT/PCS/gelatin & In vitro cardiomyopathy & [94, 112] \\  & ii. CNT/PLA & & \\ \hline
**Carbon black:** & Liquid crystal elastomers with carbon & Enhances cell attachment and viability of & [77] \\  & black nanoparticles & Cardiomyocytes cells. & \\ \hline
**Carbon fibers and nanofibers:** & & Increasing expression of cardiac-specific genes involved & [83] \\  & Chitosan/carbon nanofibers composite scaffold & in muscle contraction and electrical coupling. & [83] \\ \hline
**Au:** & & \\ \hline Chitosan/Au (Thermoonsensitive conductive hydrogel) & Enhanced cardiomyopathy & [94] \\  & i. Pry/PLA & Stimulating cell growth and proliferation of ADSCs. & [65] \\ \hline
**PAN:** & & Improves attachment and proliferation of dental pulp & [113, 114] \\  & i. PAN/HA/PLS/Gel & stem cells. & \\  & i. PAN/PLA & Enhance bone regeneration & [115, 116] \\ \hline
**Cnto:** & & Enhanced osteogenic signal expression of rat & \\
**Bone Tissue Engineering** & i. CNT/PCL & bone-array-derived stroma cells. & [115, 116] \\  & ii. CNT/ HAP/PMMA & Increased mechanical strength of scaffold & \\ \hline
**Graphene:** & Mechanical and electrical properties increased and & \\  & i. Pry-caprolactone (PCL), gelatin and & cells adhesion and proliferation & \\  & polyaniline/graphene(PAG) nanoparticles & Increased elastic modulus and electrical conductivity. & \\  & ii. Polyaniline solution + conductive hydrogel & Better supported human osteoblast-like cell adhesion, & [87, 89, 91] \\  & precursor charged with graphene nanoparticles & proliferation, and morphology comparing & [87, 88, 90] \\  & ii. Poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) with & hydrogel alone & \\  & addition of just 3 wt \% graphene & Improved tensile strength and electrical conductivity, & \\  & enhanced mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) attachment & \\  & and proliferation. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}