## 6 Handling of Manufacturing Conflicts
### Component-Based Conflict Resolution  
Due to the serial arrangement of the process containers, the input parameters are known from the component under investigation. First, the user is given the option to declare the geometric input parameters as fixed or variable values. The latter can optionally be assigned limits or a set of discrete values (e.g., standardized diameters for bearing seats) as a defined variation space. Subsequently, if no solution of the CSP is found for the original input parameters that satisfies all the manufacturing constraints of the process chain, the specified variation spaces of the input parameters are first included by the CSP. If a solution still cannot be found by this extension of the solution space, in the second step, starting from the violated soft constraint, a path search is used to infer the causative input parameters. If these are marked as a variable, the number of nodes over which the connection exists (connection degree) and which neighborhood relationships exist in the part geometry model are recorded in addition to the connection. A rule-based reaction mechanism is implemented in order to be able to automatically explore further, and not previously defined, variation spaces in the component design. This prioritizes the input parameters according to their degree of connection in an ascending order, taking into account the neighborhood relationships in the geometry model, defining the subsequent parameter variation in each case by replacing the discrete input parameter with an opened value domain. With this opened domain, the solution process is restarted via the CSP solver. If this value range extension leads to a solution of the CSP, a corresponding model adaptation of the precast geometry is suggested to the user, which can be adopted in an automated way by a direct connection to the CAD model of the component. If the extension does not lead to a solution, the next adjustment is made from the reaction pool. Finally, the user must manually check the conformity of the modified precast geometry with regard to all requirements (especially functional safety). In the example, the procedure looks as follows. By relaxing the constraints, a violated soft constraint with the equation \(d_{1}=d_{die}\) could be identified and thus also the component-side variable \(d_{1}\). This represents the formed diameter of the extruded semi-finished product. Figure 9: Conflict resolution. Now the input parameters that influence the variable the most are searched for, i.e., which have a low degree of connection. In this case, this is the input variable \(d\), which represents the diameter of a bearing seat on the part and is connected to \(d_{1}\) by the upstream hard constraint \(d<=d_{1}\). This variable was initially set by the user to \(d=25\) mm and does not yield a solution to the CSP. However, at the same time, an optional variation space of \(d\):\(\{20,22,25,28\}\) was assigned to the variable. The variable \(d\) is now added to the reaction pool. Since this is the only measure in the reaction pool, the reaction mechanism starts to replace the initial domain of \(d\):\(\{25\}\) with the variation space of \(d\):\(\{20,22,25,28\}\) and starts the solution search. However, no solution is found here either, since the matrix requires a diameter of \(d_{die}\):\(\{30,35,40\}\). At this point, the domain of \(d\) is further opened to \(d\):\(\{1,2,\ldots,99,100\}\). With this domain open, the solution process is restarted and the CSP solver will configure the variable to \(d=30\) mm, \(d=35\) mm, or \(d=40\) mm. With the user's approval after a functional safety check, the reaction pool passes the adjustments directly to the CAD model, which is provided to the user in an adjusted form. The example was used to present the procedure for component-based conflict resolution based on a violated soft constraint. It should be noted at this point that this procedure also works for several or combined violated soft constraints by including them in the reaction pool.