## 4 Test Results  
In order to ignore the effect of potential inaccuracies related to delays caused by the sensitivity of the laser rangefinder and by the response of the electronic control system, the analysis focused on the movement action after the switching of the valves was confirmed. The beginning of the valve-closing process was identified on the basis of the detected beginning of the first significant change of force recorded on the measurement rod of the cylinder. This was a clear indication of the beginning of the system-stopping process (Figure 5). The pressure propagation wave phenomenon observed in the architecture of the classic (first) solution caused a certain delay in the recorded pressure change with respect to the beginning of force change on the cylinder. The analysis involved the displacement value of the cylinder piston rod recorded at the beginning of the stopping process as a function of load and system architecture. The test results demonstrated that in the analyzed cases the cylinder oscillation always stopped within a time period no longer than 0.2 s after the stopping process was initiated. However, the changes of pressure and force values were observed over a longer period. The results thus confirm the preliminary thesis that the impact of the variable pressure on the valves in the first phase of the cylinder stopping process results in their temporary opening despite the lack of the relevant control signal. Therefore, the analysis of the variability of displacement as a function of the system architecture and load was enabled by reading the average value of the measured extension value for the period of 0.2 to 0.25 s after the stopping process was initiated (\(t=0\)). As a result, the following displacement values were obtained (Table 2). The maximum values of the observed forces and pressures (Figure 6) in the cylinder power supply line were also identified. The relationships between the individual average values are shown in the following graphs (Figures 7 and 8). They demonstrate that during the cylinder stopping action the relationship between the maximum pressure values as  
Figure 5: Representative curve of force changes recorded on the measurement rod of the cylinder with the indicated point marking the beginning of the analysis (\(t=0\)). a function of the maximum recorded forces is linear and practically independent of the architecture type of the system. However, the maximum recorded pressure and force values as a function of the loading mass are different. This is due to the fact that in the first, classic system the influence of the compliance of the power supply line and of the compressibility of the liquid present in this line is already significant. Moreover, the similarity of the pressure changes as a function of force indicates that in the investigated cases internal resistance values in the cylinder are comparable. Therefore, the presented experiment allows a direct relationship to be established between the differences of the recorded parameter values and the architecture of the hydrostatic system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**1 st System**} \\ \hline
**Mass [kg]** & **Measurement 1** & **Measurement 2** & **Measurement 3** & **Average Value** \\ \hline
0 & 8.19 & 7.24 & 7.36 & **7.60** \\ \hline
100 & 5.44 & 7.36 & 8.41 & **7.07** \\ \hline
200 & 6.02 & 4.26 & 5.47 & **5.25** \\ \hline
300 & 6.94 & 4.22 & 6.35 & **5.84** \\ \hline
400 & 6.39 & 5.98 & 5.22 & **5.86** \\ \hline
500 & 5.87 & 10.33 & 10.34 & **8.85** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**2 nd System**} \\ \hline
**Mass [kg]** & **Measurement 1** & **Measurement 2** & **Measurement 3** & **Average Value** \\ \hline
0 & 6.37 & 8.31 & 4.11 & **6.26** \\ \hline
100 & 7.18 & 5.22 & 4.14 & **5.51** \\ \hline
200 & 5.76 & 4.70 & 7.43 & **5.97** \\ \hline
300 & 5.52 & 7.73 & 6.44 & **6.56** \\ \hline
400 & 11.90 & 11.62 & 11.13 & **11.55** \\ \hline
500 & 7.71 & 8.25 & 11.30 & **9.09** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}