## 3 Experimental Design
### Result Analysis  
#### 3.3.1 Temperature Change Pattern  
The essence of the heat released when quicklime absorbs water is the chemical exothermic reaction that occurs when calcium oxide meets water. The chemical exothermic reaction equation and changes in various physical quantities are shown in Table 4: \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Chemical Reaction Equation** & & **CaO + H\({}_{2}\)O \(\rightarrow\) Ca(OH)\({}_{2}\) + Ah** \\ \hline Molecular weight & 58 & 18 & 74 & 64.9 kJ/mol \\ Mass ration & 3.1 & 1 & 4.1 \\ Proportion & 3.1 & 1 & 2.24 \\ Volume ration & 1 & 1 & 1.83 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: The chemical reaction equation for water absorption and the heat release of quicklime, as well as the changes in various physical quantities. Figure 8: Photographs of the test process. According to Table 4, it is known that 3.1 kg of calcium oxide requires 1 kg of water for complete reaction, releasing approximately 1118 kJ of heat. The exothermic reaction of quicklime absorbing water and curing forms a cylindrical heat source inside the membrane bag. The temperature of this heat source is transmitted and diffused into the surrounding soil mass until the exothermic reaction ends, and the soil temperature naturally cools down. Figure 9 shows the soil temperature variation curves at a radial distance of 5 cm from the membrane bag for anchors of different diameters. According to Figure 9, the soil temperature around the 1# mortar anchor remains constant, consistent with the natural soil temperature, maintaining approximately 18 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Due to the exothermic reaction of quicklime absorbing water and curing in the 2#, 3#, and 4# water-absorbing and compaction anchoring anchors, the soil temperature around these anchors exhibits a pattern of rapid initial increase followed by a slow cooling and decrease, generally undergoing four stages: initial contact, rapid reaction, slow cooling, and stabilization. During the initial stage, before the quicklime starts to come into contact and react with water, the temperature of the surrounding soil remains relatively stable, close to the natural soil temperature. In the rapid reaction stage, once quicklime begins to absorb water and undergo a curing reaction, releasing a large amount of heat, the soil temperature around the membrane bag rises rapidly. The curve slope is relatively large during this stage, indicating a quick temperature rise. In the slow cooling stage, as the quicklime curing reaction proceeds, the heat release gradually decreases, and the soil temperature around the membrane bag begins to decline slowly. The curve slope is relatively small during this stage, indicating a relatively slower temperature drop. In the stabilization stage, after the quicklime curing reaction is completely finished, the soil temperature around the membrane bag gradually stabilizes, returning to the natural soil temperature level. For water-absorbing and compaction membrane bags of different diameters, due to variations in the mass of filled quicklime, the heat release during water absorption and curing, as well as the duration of heat release, will also differ, resulting in different temperature diffusion ranges. The peak soil temperatures around the 2#, 3#, and 4# water-absorbing and compaction anchoring anchors are, respectively, 39.1 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 42.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and 45.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C, with the temperature peaks occurring 3-6 h after the start of the curing reaction. After 30 h, the soil temperature cools down to the natural temperature. Figure 10 shows the variation curves of the soil temperature distribution along the radial direction around different anchors. From Figure 10, it can be observed that the temperature distribution along the radial direction around different water-absorbing and compaction anchoring anchors exhibits the same pattern. Specifically, as the radial distance from the membrane bag increases, the soil temperature decreases.