## 2 Research Methodology
### Paper Selection
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Database**} & **Identified** & **Duplicate** & **Non-Duplicate** \\  & **Papers** & **Papers** & **Papers** \\ \hline Scopus & 476 & 0 & 476 \\ \hline Web of Science & 446 & 223 & 223 \\ \hline Springerlink & 73 & 0 & 73 \\ \hline ScienceDirect & 253 & 95 & 158 \\ \hline Total & 1248 & 318 & 930 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Identified papers by database. Figure 3: Search by database: (**a**) Database distribution; (**b**) Database duplication. Figure 4: Search results following PRISMA flow chart adapted from [31]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Inclusion/ Exclusion** & **Criteria** & **Code** & **Description** & **Identified Papers** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Exclusion} & Duplication & D & Duplicated articles & 318 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Not relevant & NR1 & The screened content demonstrates that the article is completely irrelevant to AR or applies AR outside the context of Manufacturing & 555 \\  & & NR2 & VR is mainly applied instead of AR & 38 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Loosely relevant & LR & AR in manufacturing is only mentioned as an example & 23 \\ \cline{2-5}  & & OE1 & Publication year: older than 2010 & 56 \\  & & OE2 & Not a peer-reviewed article from a conference or journal & 6 \\  & & OE3 & Publication language: not English & 3 \\  & & OE4 & Full text is not available & 5 \\  & & OE5 & Excluded by the quality check & 92 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Inclusion} & \multirow{2}{*}{Quality check} & HQ1 & The full text of the article provides a clear methodology & \\  & & HQ2 & The full text of the article provides results & \\  & & HQ3 & The article is relevant to the research questions & \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Total identified articles} & 1296 \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Total excluded articles} & 1096 \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Total included articles} & 200 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Selection criteria. In the document identification step, there were a total number of 1296 papers found from both systematic searches on the aforementioned databases and a manual search. After removing duplicated documents (318 papers), 978 publications were analyzed by Title and Abstract, referring to exclusion criteria to identify the relevant papers supporting the study's objective. After the first screening, 361 publications were remaining, which were carefully considered following the exclusion code (NR1, NR2, LR, OE1, OE2, OE3, OE4). A total of 69 publications were rejected, including five papers that could not be accessed as a full text. There were 292 articles qualified for the next screening. The quality assessment at the second screening phase was achieved by evaluating each document through binary decision compliance with a set of criteria HQI, HQ2, HQ3. If a paper did not satisfy the quality check, it was listed as an exclusion result regarding the OE5 code. The quality check criteria were:  
HQI: The full text of the article provides a clear methodology  
HQ2: The full text of the article provides results  
HQ3: The article is relevant to the research questions  
However, there were some exceptions, namely that a paper was not required to fulfill all the quality check criteria. If a document did not provide methodology or results but exhibited an interesting concept or potential development, it could be accepted. For example, paper [8] provides a clear methodology and implementation of in-line quality assessment of polished surfaces in a real manufacturing context, but there is no test or evaluation to validate the results. However, the prototype in the paper was built on a robust development approach, which can be further improved to adopt for long-term implementation. Besides that, most of the remote collaboration articles focusing more on the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and human cognition fields, which do not support the RQs of this study, rather than the AR context were also excluded at this step.