## 3 Research Process and Methods
### Interface Design Sample Selection  
Kansei Engineering plays a crucial role in this study, especially in extracting from the interface design the vocabulary of perceptual imagery, and in capturing users' emotional needs. KE provides accurate emotional data for interface design optimization by quantifying users' emotional needs [24].  
In order to select experimental samples of the ordering interfaces with distinctive stylistic imagery, as well as ensuring that the chosen samples adequately represent the characteristics of different ordering interface designs, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts and user groups from diverse backgrounds. These included five restaurant managers, who provided feedback on the practical use of ordering interfaces--especially regarding ease of use, efficiency, and how to optimize the customer's ordering experience. Two professors of visual communication design evaluated the visual appeal of the interfaces and the effectiveness of the design elements from the perspective of design theory and  
Figure 3: Research process. Source: own processing.  
artistic expression. One professor of industrial design assessed the functionality and operability of the interfaces through the lens of ergonomics and user experience. Five master's students in visual design contributed innovative insights by introducing emerging design trends and creative perspectives. Additionally, two master's students in industrial design offered valuable input on balancing user needs with functionality and aesthetics. Feedback from this diverse group ensured the comprehensiveness and representativeness of the selected samples, providing multidimensional support for optimizing the ordering interface design. Two rounds of screening were conducted.  
In the first round of independent scoring, all participants independently scored the ordering interface based on its stylistic features, ease of use, visual appeal, and innovative design. Each participant evaluated the characteristics of each ordering interface sample based on their own professional background and design experience and selected those samples with distinctive styling features that met the needs of the study.  
In the second round, all participants came together for a collective discussion based on the scoring results of the first round. Participants shared their opinions and rationales and had in-depth exchanges on the design features, functionality, and user experience of each ordering interface. The purpose of the discussion was to identify the final four types of typical samples to ensure that the selected samples could comprehensively demonstrate the design features of different ordering interfaces and were highly representative.  
During the screening process, a Kendall W consistency test was conducted to ensure the consistency of opinions among the reviewers. The test results show that Kendall W = 0.73, \(p\) < 0.01, indicating that the results of the two rounds of screening have a high degree of reliability and consistency. Based on the test results, four types of typical ordering interface samples were finally identified and provided sufficient support for subsequent design optimization and research. The results are shown in Figure 4.