# Smart Healthcare Applications over 5G Networks: A Systematic Review
## 1 Introduction
They also performed a comparison of latency and performance between 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G technologies. They emphasized that coverage and reliability are key to enabling electronic health applications, such as home health monitoring. * In 2019, [PERSON] et al. [9] reported the state of the art in e-health applications that use 5G, in which various medical scenarios, such as robotic surgery and remote monitoring, are presented, highlighting the benefits of implementing 5G. In addition, they indicate the use of a wireless body sensor network (WBSN) in real-time monitoring applications, data transmission, emergency situations, and patient location. The emphasized that WBSN will be the backbone for the development of health applications with 5G. * In 2020, [PERSON] et al. [10] contributed through a study on the use of telemedicine in the context of the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Through an analysis, they indicated that telemedicine can be enhanced later, after the health system was violated as a result of the pandemic. This review shows a descriptive approach and not a systematic analysis, since the selection of previously published articles was not performed. In the same year, [PERSON] et al. [11] also highlighted 5G use in smart healthcare in the control and management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19. The implementation of one of the methods consists of a teleconsultation system to attend two critical cases. The \"West China Hospital\" of Sichuan University was the developer of this implementation. [PERSON] et al. [12] discussed the use of 5G technology in pre-hospital emergencies. They mentioned that it can support paramedics when assisting patients in emergency. Mainly, they highlighted the use of a remote connection to provide real-time information to external doctors and hospitals. In addition, they emphasized several challenges to which it is exposed, such as security, privacy, patient information sharing, and lack of access in rural areas. [PERSON] et al. [13] presented the opportunities and challenges of 5G use in the health area. The solutions it can provide for the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic are detailed. The authors emphasize 5G use in telemedicine systems, telesurgery, remote monitoring, and drug delivery. Furthermore, they describe the technical requirements expected for different telehealth applications, such as telemedicine, telenursing, telesurgery, and telepharmacy. Finally, [PERSON] et al. [14], through a literature review, highlighted the solutions that 5G can provide in the medicine area. The authors presented a categorization of smart healthcare based on communication technologies, services, applications, and requirements that are key to the development of these systems. * In 2021, [PERSON] et al. [15] provided a narrative review of 5G opportunities in neurosurgery, in which they refer to the enhanced features of 5G such as ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB). They mentioned that these features could promote the development of neurosurgery by eliminating geographical barriers. They consider that 5G facilitates neurosurgeons' real-time remote connection in pre-hospital emergencies. In addition, they revealed that in 2019, the China Daily newspaper announced a first neurosurgical case developed with 5G. In this article, a multidisciplinary approach to the application of 5G technology in the medicine field is provided, through which, wireless healthcare services can be offered, taking into account various technical aspects. Our analysis provides a more complete perspective that includes different variables, such as technical aspects, application areas, types of devices, communication protocols, and security. The correlations between these variables is analyzed, showing those that show greater development and those that have not yet received much attention and could become new lines of research. The paper is organized as follows.