## 1 Introduction  
The world geo-climate change and natural variation on the Earth are happening all the time. When these variations bring harm to human society, they constitute natural disasters. Global natural disasters occur frequently, posing great threats to human life and property safety and social economy. For example, in 2004, a 9.3-magnitude strong earthquake occurred in the sea near Sumatra Island, Indonesia, and triggered a tsunami, which affected Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, India, and other countries, causing about 290,000 deaths or missing, more than 1 million people homeless, and direct economic losses of USD 4.5 billion [1]. China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world. For example, in 2008, the 8.0-magnitude earthquake in Wenchuan, China, caused nearly 69,227 deaths, 17,923 missing, 373,643 injured, and the direct economic loss of CNY 845.215 billion [2]. In the past year of 2023, various natural disasters in China caused a total of 95.44 million people affected, 691 people died or went missing, 3.344 million people were emergency relocated, 2.273 million houses collapsed or were damaged, and 10,539.3 thousand hectares of crops were affected, with direct economic losses of CNY 345.45 billion [3]. It can be seen that the consequences of natural disasters are extremely serious, and natural disasters are also listed as one of the four major public emergencies in China's National Emergency Plan for Public Emergencies. The emergency management work after disasters is facing unprecedented challenges, especially in rural areas, where the imperfect emergency management institution, unintelligent management method, weak disaster resistance infrastructure, inadequate emergency materials, and unprofessional rescue teams, according to the Global Natural Disaster Assessment Report, 2020, incomplete statistics indicate that rural areas account for over 80% of annual casualties resulting from various natural disasters. Moreover, rural areas also witness more than 90% of fatalities caused by sudden meteorological events like rainstorms, typhoons, landslides, mudslides, and lightning. Additionally, the majority of collapsed houses due to diverse disasters each year are found in rural regions [4]. Consequently, this highlights the urgent need to enhance the construction of intelligent emergency management models in China's rural areas within the context of its rural revitalization driven by artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies while simultaneously improving information levels and operational efficiency. In 2022, the Opinions of the Central Committee and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting Key Work of Rural Revitalization emphasized the importance of integrating emergency management and rural governance resources in a coordinated manner. It also stressed the need for increased investment in agricultural disaster prevention and reduction. Leveraging digital technologies to enhance rural public services and extend Internet Plus government services to rural areas, thereby advancing the digitization of rural communities. Additionally, we will expand the utilization of big data in agriculture and rural domains to effectively address practical challenges. Furthermore, we will expedite the standardization process for developing digital villages by establishing an evaluation index system for their progress and conducting ongoing trials. Lastly, we will prioritize the development of robust information infrastructure in rural areas. However, China currently lacks an operational unified emergency command and management information system [5]. At present, when dealing with various natural disasters in rural areas, a traditional approach is followed where governments at different levels (preference-level city-county (county-level city)-township (town)-village) are involved. This approach adheres to principles such as unified leadership, hierarchical responsibility, comprehensive coordination, classified management, and local administration.