## 2 Literature Review  
### Research Based on Traditional Linguistic Methods  
Significant progress has been made in the study of verb situation types, with research based on traditional linguistic methods primarily focusing on two aspects: the first is the study of the situation types' classification, the second is the study of the interaction between situation types and aspectual markers. Additionally, some studies address both parts simultaneously. Next, we will introduce the research results of two parts separately. First, we examine research on the classification and construction of situation type systems. In the study of verb situation types, the most influential framework is [PERSON]'s four-category classification [4], which categorized verbs based on three semantic features: [duratiev], [dynamic] and [telic]. According to [PERSON] [4], verbs can be classified into state verbs, activity verbs, accomplishment verbs and achievement verbs. [PERSON]'s theory has been widely accepted and adopted, influencing many studies on Chinese, such as that of [PERSON] [8], who argued that situation types of Chinese must be divided into four categories following [PERSON]'s framework. Furthermore, [PERSON]'s five-category classification [5] has also had a significant impact on subsequent research. Building on [PERSON]'s work [4], [PERSON] [5] introduced the semelfactive category, which she described as atelic achievements characterized by [-static], [-duratiev], [-telic] features, exemplified by verbs like \"tap\", \"knock\" and \"cough\". [PERSON]'s two component theory [5] clearly distinguished between situation types and viewpoint aspect as two independent yet interacting components, contributing significantly to the establishment of aspect systems. Many scholars have adopted [PERSON]'s analytical approach, including [PERSON] and [PERSON] [9] and [PERSON] [10]. However, scholars hold diverse views on the classification of situation types, with some proposingeven more detailed categorizations. For instance, [PERSON] [11] argued that Chinese sentences can be divided into five situation types based on their temporal structure, with predicate verbs further classified into ten categories. Similarly, [PERSON] [12] categorized situation types of verbs into five major classes and ten subclasses based on their performance in tense aspect structures. Next, we turn to research on the interaction between situation types and aspectual markers. Aspect is a crucial grammatical category, and the grammaticalized means used to express aspect are referred to as aspectual markers. [PERSON]'s _Aspect_[13] is the first comprehensive work to explore aspect on a universal linguistics level. He argued that two types of language can be distinguished among those that express the opposites of aspect by morphological means: one type has a clearly defined aspectual marker, and the form of the verb does not change with aspect; on the contrary, the other type lacks such markers. Chinese belongs to the first category described by [PERSON] [13], as it employs numerous aspectual markers expressed by grammaticalized or semi-grammaticalized auxiliary words. These markers attach to predicate verbs to express different aspectual meanings. Research on the relationship between situation types and aspectual markers in Chinese dates back to the 1920s. [PERSON] [14] proposed that the auxiliary word \"LE\" indicates completion, although a clear aspect category had not yet been established at that time. Subsequent research can be divided into two phases, with the late 1970s serving as the dividing line. Early studies primarily focused on summarizing and distinguishing the meanings of aspectual markers, with notable contributions from scholars such as [PERSON] [15], [PERSON] [16] and [PERSON] [17]. From the 1980s onward, research entered a phase of development and deepening, placing greater emphasis on the unique characteristics of Chinese.