## 3 Results
### Soil Phosphorus-Functional Microbial Community Structure Under Different Crop Cultivation  
The changes in soil phosphorus-functional microorganisms under different treatments are shown in Figure 1; it was found that changes in vegetation types will directly affect the number and types of soil microorganisms. The analysis detected 728, 909, and 674 phosphorus-functional bacteria genera in Moso soil, Persimmon soil, and Tea-oil soil samples, respectively (Figure 1a). Among them, Persimmon soil had the most species of P-functional bacteria, while Tea-oil soil had the lowest number. A total of 407 identical P-functional bacteria genera were identified in the three different treatments, which might be the intrinsic flora in Moso soil. Figure 1b shows the column diagram of the top 20 dominant bacterial phyla in each treated soil. In soils with different crops, the dominant phyla \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sample** & **pH** & **SOM** & **AP** & **EC** & **TN** & **TK** & **MBP** \\  & & **(g\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(mg\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(μs\(\cdot\)cm\({}^{-1}\))** & **(g\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\))** & **(mg\(\cdot\)kg\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \hline Moso & 6.49 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 12.68 \(\pm\) 0.70 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.13 \(\pm\) 0.05 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 16.63 \(\pm\) 0.40 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 0.95 \(\pm\) 0.05 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 18.41 \(\pm\) 0.48 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.45 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ Persimmon & 5.13 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 18.05 \(\pm\) 4.87 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 35.73 \(\pm\) 0.75 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 89.64 \(\pm\) 1.71 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 3.90 \(\pm\) 0.12 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 19.49 \(\pm\) 0.47 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 2.43 \(\pm\) 0.31 \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ Tea-oil & 5.80 \(\pm\) 0.06 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 16.48 \(\pm\) 0.55 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.16 \(\pm\) 0.04 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 24.22 \(\pm\) 1.54 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 1.38 \(\pm\) 0.05 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 21.15 \(\pm\) 0.49 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.79 \(\pm\) 0.08 \({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: SOM = soil organic matter; AP = available phosphorus; EC = electrical conductivity; TN = total nitrogen; TK = total potassium; MBP = microbial biomass phosphorus. Data represent the mean \(\pm\) standard deviation in the table. The same letter of the same column of data indicates no significant difference (\(p>0.05\)), while different letters indicate significant difference (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Physical and chemical properties in each soil sample. with relative abundances greater than 5% included Pseudomonas, Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, Gemmatimonadota, and Chloroflexota. Compared with Moso soil, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in Persimmon soil was increased by 77.62% and 30.39%, respectively. On the contrary, Actinomycetota and Chloroflexota were decreased by 55.15% and 79.96%, respectively. In Tea-oil and Persimmon soils, the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota was decreased by 90.50% compared with Moso soil. Figure 1c shows the bar chart of the top 20 dominant bacterial genera with relative abundance in each soil. _Bradyrhizobium_ and _Sphingomonas_ were the dominant genera in soils under different crop cultivation. Compared with Moso soil, the relative abundance of _Bradyrhizobium_ in Persimmon and Tea-oil soils increased, with the relative abundance in Tea-oil soil being significantly increased by 170.30%. However, the abundance of _Sphingomonas_ in Persimmon and Tea-oil soils was significantly decreased by 48.89% and 82.20%, respectively. The study revealed that in Tea-oil soil, the genus _Camellia_ was the sole dominant genus, accounting for 6.94% of the total microbial community. Notably, the genus _Candidatus-Acidoferrin_ was detected exclusively in Moso soil and Tea-oil soil, highlighting the unique characteristics of these two soil types. Figure 1: Changes in soil phosphorus-functional microorganisms under different crops.