## 2 State of the Art--Values and Digital Communication of CH
### Digital Communication of CH that accounts for Values
Since only 10% of the community had reliable internet access on their mobile devices, the digital information was also circulated via CD ROMs to members of the community who could then view the information on their home computers. This helped members of the community reconnect with their heritage. While this particular effort may appear to be a unique case to a casual external observer, the point of note here is that the value associations and meanings of the malangan which is also the name for the funerary rites practiced by the community, are important in understanding the value and significance of the artefacts housed in the Queensland museum. The conservation of the Nalik community values was executed well by the Mobile Museum project and the ideal next step that would enhance the conservation and propagation of the CH values uncovered here would be the communication of these Nalik community value associations to all interested visitors at the Queensland museum. We observe that research into this aspect of CHComm which encompasses the \"What and Why\" of the content being communicated especially within digital applications has been infrequent. Communication of CH that discusses the value associations, their meanings to the culturally connected communities or individuals and the changes to such meanings and associations over time is an essential aspect of conserving and managing CH. While the specifics of the value associations may vary from case to case as seen in the example of the Nalik community of New Ireland or the Adat Hindu community of Denpasar, the fact remains that the efforts of communication within CH needs to account for all significant, verifiable and authentic CH value associations. An eight stage framework for the creation and structuring of content for a digital application was developed to account for CH values in the communication of museum artefacts. The implementation of this framework was done using a web-based multimedia application at the Hecht Museum in Haifa, Israel. This museum was the site of a previous project that aimed to create a 'visitor's guide to an active museum'. This application was designed to answer the various questions a visitor might have regarding a particular artefact and meant to be used as a guide during the museum visit. The approach here was to cater to a wide range of visitors and their potential questions with simplistic answers that were meant to be understood by those who may be viewing the artefact while simultaneously listening to the audio. The application was mobile-based and contained relevant illustrative images. The evaluation of the application was focused on the length of the visit, increase in knowledge about the artefacts, type of User Interface (adaptive versus non-adaptive UI) and user modelling mediation. The study found that users showed a significant increase in their learning about the artefacts and spent a longer time being guided through the exhibits when using the application [23]. The encouraging results of the study nevertheless did not account for CH values and perspectives associated with artefacts and intangible heritage concepts by different individuals and communities. Our approach to design and implement a digital multimedia application that intentionally included CH values in its content for the communication of selected artefacts within the Hecht museum and the evaluation of its effectiveness are discussed in the following sections.