# Analysis on the Spatial-Temporal Distribution Patterns of Major Mine Debris Flows in China
###### Abstract  
In order to provide more accurate data support for the prevention and control of geological disasters in mines, the article counts the major mine debris flow accidents in China from 1954 to 2019; studies the distribution of debris flow disasters in each province; reveals the intra-annual and inter-annual variation patterns of the number of mine debris flow disasters; analyzes the distribution of mine debris flows under different geenvironmental backgrounds; and combines AHP hierarchical analysis with a comprehensive regional evaluation of the likelihood of mine debris flows. The results of the study show that from 1954 to 2019, the number of major mine debris flow disasters first increased and then decreased. The proportion of mine debris flow disasters to the total number of debris flow disasters also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with the southwestern region being the area of high occurrence of mine debris flow, and the geoenvironmental areas of middle and low hills and middle and high mountains being the topographic areas of high occurrence of mine debris flow. More than 90% of the major mine debris flow disasters occurred from May to September, with the largest number of disasters occurring in July. A comprehensive evaluation of the regional nature of mine debris flow distribution based on the regional evaluation score is derived. mine debris flow; spatial-temporal distribution; variation patterns; hierarchical analysis; comprehensive evaluation 2023  
[PERSON] 1 Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,  
Kumming 650093, China 1  
Y. Y.  
occurrence, serious pollution, strong destructive force, and other characteristics. In particular, the major mine debris flows that cause more than 10 deaths or direct economic losses of more than 50 million yuan pose a serious threat to natural environmental protection, the safety of people's lives, and social harmony and stability [1]. However, in recent years, there has been a lack of analysis of the distribution patterns of major mine debris flow disasters that have occurred in large numbers and caused serious casualties and property damage nationwide. The analysis and summary of the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of major mine debris flows nationwide are important for preventing and reducing the occurrence and development of mine debris flows, providing a guarantee for national ecological safety, and enriching the research results on debris flows [2]. In this paper, by combining public statistics from the Ministry of Emergency Management ([[https://www.mem.gov.cn/](https://www.mem.gov.cn/)]([https://www.mem.gov.cn/](https://www.mem.gov.cn/)) URL (accessed on 1 December 2022)), geological disaster and risk reports from the Ministry of Natural Resources ([[https://www.mnr.gov.cn/](https://www.mnr.gov.cn/)]([https://www.mnr.gov.cn/](https://www.mnr.gov.cn/)) URL (accessed on 1 December 2022)), and relevant statistics made by previous authors [3,4], the major mine debris flow disasters that occurred in China between 1954 and 2019 are collected and listed in Table 1 for the first time, and the total number of major debris flows that occurred nationwide during the same period is counted. The time span used in the study is large and the data are numerous, which can better reflect the development pattern of major mine debris flow in China and provide a reference basis for disaster prevention and control work.