## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Non-Specific Exercise**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Proprioceptive Exercise**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Comparison between**} \\ \cline{2-9}  & **Before** & **After** & **Difference to** & **Before** & **After** & **Difference to** & **Sessions in the** & **\(p\) Value*** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{ALE (\(\circ\))} & Secret & 1.90 \(\pm\) 0.89 & 1.6 \(\pm\) 0.85* & \(-\)4.50 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 1.45 \(\pm\) 0.08* & \(-\)21.58 \(\pm\) 0.61 & 1800\% (\(-\)39.6-45.70) & 0.192 \\ \cline{2-9}  & Basketball & 1.72 \(\pm\) 0.89 & 1.2 \(\pm\) 0.62* & \(-\)5.38 \(\pm\) 0.54 & 1.40 \(\pm\) 0.71 & 0.98 \(\pm\) 0.68* & \(-\)0.35 \(\pm\) 0.77 & -4.03\% (\(-\)0.37-25.49) & 0.599 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{RAE (\(\circ\))} & Secret & 1.30 \(\pm\) 1.69 & 1.18 \(\pm\) 1.56 & 24.8 \(\pm\) 17.08 & 1.17 \(\pm\) 1.56 & 0.92 \(\pm\) 1.58 & 1.67 \(\pm\) 13.75 & 21.57\% (\(-\)48.7-0.65) & 0.516 \\ \cline{2-9}  & Basketball & 1.30 \(\pm\) 1.73 & 0.85 \(\pm\) 1.34 & \(-\)5.55 \(\pm\) 11.38 & 1.00 \(\pm\) 1.23 & 0.77 \(\pm\) 0.52 & \(-\)22.57 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 2.79\% (\(-\)33.2-47.42) & 0.723 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{YBT (\%)} & Secret & 110.02 \(\pm\) 15.72 & 113.25 \(\pm\) 16.30* & 2.56 \(\pm\) 3.43 & 109.68 \(\pm\) 3.89 & 112.62 \(\pm\) 1.519* & 2.81 \(\pm\) 2.82 & 0.15\% (\(-\)12.1-1.51) & 0.823 \\ \cline{2-9}  & Basketball & 102.74 \(\pm\) 2.73 & 105.03 \(\pm\) 7.52* & 2.58 \(\pm\) 1.59 & 103.67 \(\pm\) 2.73 & 145.38 \(\pm\) 7.23* & 1.67 \(\pm\) 0.99* & 0.59\% (\(-\)23.1-1.05) & 0.804* \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BESS} & Secret & 7.70 \(\pm\) 2.6 & 5.03 \(\pm\) 1.96* & -15.17 \(\pm\) 6.49 & 6.87 \(\pm\) 2.73 & 3.32 \(\pm\) 2.14* & -3.25 \(\pm\) 2.73 & 173.38 \(\pm\) 4.7-4.41 & 0.151 \\ \cline{2-9}  & Basketball & 7.29 \(\pm\) 2.29 & 5.03 \(\pm\) 1.65* & -23.8 \(\pm\) 1.64 & 7.50 \(\pm\) 1.38* & -5.53 \(\pm\) 3.81 & 2.26\% (\(-\)48.58-0.58) & 0.546 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
* Significantly different from before the session, \(p\) \(<\) 0.05,* trial value for comparison between groups of differences for before the session;** significantly different from football, \(p\) = 0.044.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Pre-post differences in proprioception and balance by modality. in 12 adult male rugby players and found an improved joint position sense after the warm-up. The authors suggested that the improvement in accuracy of knee joint position could be related to an increase in the sensitivity of the mechanoreceptors or a more central mechanism. In the same way, [PERSON] et al. [15] evaluated the influence of a warm-up session on knee position sense in open and closed kinetic chain in 10 karate athletes, and reported positive effects only in closed chain. It should be noted that the session lasted 10 min and included slow running, stretches, and jumps. The authors also suggested that central and peripheral elements may contribute to improving proprioception after warm-up exercises, but they did not establish the relative contribution of each one. Likewise, [PERSON] et al. [13] found significant increases in knee joint position sense in 14 soccer players after a standard pre-competition warm-up lasting 25 min; as other authors [14; 36], they justified the positive effects in proprioception by changes in muscle circulatory supply, improvements in nerve conduction and/or increases in muscle spindle sensitivity. Additionally, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] or [PERSON] et al. [17] also observed an increase in joint position sense after warm-up exercises. Concerning balance, previous studies also reported positive effects of warm-up exercise on static and dynamic balance [18; 33; 37]. Nonetheless, [PERSON] et al. [38] did not observe any acute effect on the dynamic balance after glymetric exercises, stretching exercises, or walking, in a group of 22 individuals; similar results were observed in other studies, for instance, [PERSON] et al. [39] did not observe changes in balance after a warm-up session in 30 young boys.