# The Application of Mulberry Elements into a Novel Form of Easy-to-Prepare Dried Smoothie
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Antioxidant Activity of Smoothies
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Component** & **Group** & **DB1** & **DB2** & **DC1** & **DC2** \\ \hline Apigenin & 0.174 a \(\pm\) 0.002 & 0.753 c \(\pm\) 0.013 & 0.422 b \(\pm\) 0.021 & 0.172 a \(\pm\) 0.008 \\ Luteolin & 0.028 a \(\pm\) 0.009 & 0.078 b \(\pm\) 0.009 & 0.062 b \(\pm\) 0.010 & 0.036 a \(\pm\) 0.012 \\ Vitexin & 0.002 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.010 b \(\pm\) 0.002 & 0.010 b \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.002 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ \hline Total flavones & 0.204 & 0.841 & 0.494 & 0.210 \\ \hline Quercetin & 0.891 a \(\pm\) 0.031 & 1.840 b \(\pm\) 0.102 & 1.945 b \(\pm\) 0.080 & 0.856 a \(\pm\) 0.029 \\ Rutin & 3.373 a \(\pm\) 0.053 & 3.823 b \(\pm\) 0.034 & 3.832 b \(\pm\) 0.014 & 3.698 b \(\pm\) 0.016 \\ \hline Total flavanols & 4.264 & 5.663 & 5.777 & 4.554 \\ \hline Kaempfer & Flavonols & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.004 b \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.008 c \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.004 a \(\pm\) 0.001 \\ \hline Naringenin & Flavanones & 0.077 a \(\pm\) 0.006 & 0.161 b \(\pm\) 0.011 & 0.169 b \(\pm\) 0.009 & 0.074 a \(\pm\) 0.006 \\ \hline Total flavonoids & 4.546 & 6.669 & 6.448 & 4.842 \\ \hline Gallic acid & 0.003 a \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.004 a \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.004 a \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.003 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid & 0.002 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.004 c \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ Vanillic acid & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ Protocatechuric acid & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.002 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ Salicylic acid & 0.002 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.004 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.004 b \(\pm\) 0.001 & 0.002 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ \hline Total benzoic acid derivates & 0.007 & 0.013 & 0.011 & 0.006 \\ \hline Caffeic acid & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.002 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ Syringic acid & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.002 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.003 b \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ Ferulic acid & 0.025 a \(\pm\) 0.002 & 0.050 b \(\pm\) 0.008 & 0.057 b \(\pm\) 0.010 & 0.026 a \(\pm\) 0.003 \\ Sinapic acid & 0.040 a \(\pm\) 0.011 & 0.100 b \(\pm\) 0.008 & 0.107 b \(\pm\) 0.007 & 0.051 a \(\pm\) 0.004 \\ \(t\)-Cinnamic acid & 0.031 a \(\pm\) 0.007 & 0.070 b \(\pm\) 0.009 & 0.090 c \(\pm\) 0.005 & 0.027 a \(\pm\) 0.002 \\ Chlorogenic acid & 0.103 a \(\pm\) 0.008 & 0.235 c \(\pm\) 0.012 & 0.162 b \(\pm\) 0.007 & 0.080 a \(\pm\) 0.009 \\ Rosmaric acid & 0.000 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 & 0.001 a \(\pm\) 0.000 \\ \hline Total cinnamic acid derivates & 0.201 & 0.459 & 0.422 & 0.187 \\ \hline Total phenolics with HPLC & 4.754 & 2.141 & 6.881 & 5.035 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} a,b,c—different letters show statistically significant differences (\(p\leq 0.05\)).  
\end{table} 
Table 4: Phenolic compounds content [mg/g d.m.] of the smoothies. flavanols, flavones, and flavanones. The elevated levels of flavanols and flavonoids in the samples based on capsules were attributed to the higher concentration of licorice-mulberry leaf extract at a ratio of 0.7:0.225. According to the results, the rutin levels surpassed those of other flavonoids. In the assessment of DPPH\({}^{\bullet}\) scavenging activity for the four distinct dried smoothies, it was evident that DB1 exhibited the most pronounced scavenging activity, registering at a level of 0.699 mM TE, together with DC2 (0.972 mM TE). The ABTS\({}^{\star\star}\) assay measure the ability of sample to scavenge ABTS\({}^{\star\star}\) radicals. The higher the amount of ABTS\({}^{\star\star}\) scavenged from the sample, the higher the antioxidant activity of the sample. The results indicated there were no differences between the analyzed variants of smoothe. When comparing the smoothies' antiradical activity with that of other fruit-based smoothe, it was observed that licorice-mulberry-based smoothes had 3-times higher antiradical activity compared with other authors' findings [36].