## 2 Literature Review  
The PN-EN ISO 9000:2015 standard defines effectiveness as \"the extent to which planned activities are realized, and planned results are achieved\" [32]. The Cambridge Dictionary defines \"effective\" as being \"successful or achieving the results you want\" [33]. An increase in effectiveness, without a simultaneous decrease in quality, an increase in employee exploitation or costly investments in technology, is possible by identifying and eliminating production losses [4; 27; 34]. Among the production losses affecting effectiveness, the following are mainly mentioned in the literature: downtime, speed losses and quality losses [35]. Monitoring losses at various levels of production is possible thanks to production indicators [36]. Among the indicators used in the practice of enterprises, the OEE indicator and its modifications (TEEP, PEE, OLE, OAE, OPE, OTE, OEEML, ORE, RE--described in more detail in [37]), KPI indicators and productivity indicators are most often mentioned (Table 1). The OEE indicator and its modifications allow for the assessment of the degree of achieving production goals--also at the level of the production station. The assessment of effectiveness is comprehensive, and it includes the assessment of availability, performance and quality at the station, but does not allow for the categorization of losses in terms of the areas of their generation [2; 14; 17; 35; 36; 38]. KPIs mainly refer to business goals, and focus on the performance of the entire organization [39]. Productivity indicators relate to production assumptions, and evaluate the results for various groups of resources, which in turn makes it possible to partially identify areas where production losses are generated. The effectiveness assessment takes into account the assessment of availability and performance for selected groups of resources, but it is neither comprehensive nor standardized for all areas [28]. In the literature there are new proposals for effectiveness assessment methods, among which modifications of the OEE method are most popular. Such modifications include:  
* introducing measures to determine the effectiveness of isolated equipment, without analyzing the impact of environmental conditions [2],
* introducing a measure to determine material usage effectiveness [16],
* changing the original way [35] of calculating individual coefficients [40; 41],
* extending the method to include weighting factors [29]. A summary of various proposals for extending or modifying the OEE method is presented in [16]. However, none of them takes into account the possibility of valuing production losses categorized according to the area of responsibility. Based on the assumption that losses that reduce production effectiveness can be attributed to various factors, mainly related to the machine park, human resources, methods, materials or tools [17], it was noticed that there is no method for the quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of production processes. Such a method would consider the categorization of production losses, and at the same time allow for the assessment of the contribution of the main areas (production and production-related) in the generation of these losses, in turn fa \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Indicator Group**} & **Relating the Results** & **Ability to Assess** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Comprehensiveness**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Ability to Assign**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Ability to Evaluate**} \\  & **to Production** & **Effectiveness at the** & & & & **Responsibility for** \\  & **Targets** & **Productivity** & **Level** & & **(Availability,** \\  & & & & **Performance, Quality)** & & \\ \hline OEE and its modifications & + & + & + & – & – \\ \hline KPI & +/\(-\) & +/\(-\) & – & – & – \\ \hline productivity indicators & + & +/\(-\) & – & +/\(-\) & – \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{+ yes; +/\(-\) partly; – no.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Comparison of selected groups of indicators.