# Model Test and Numerical Simulation of Single Pile Response under Combined Loading in Slope  
[PERSON]  
1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.Z.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.W.)1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.Z.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.W.)1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (J.Z.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS].  
developed this further with the introduction of PLAXIS software; moreover, the Mohr-Coulomb elastoplastic model was used for the soil model.  
In recent years, many analytical methods for the response analysis of piles have been developed under combined loads. [PERSON] et al. (2014) presented a simple method for designing a pile foundation under combined loading. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2015) achieved the research of laterally-loaded piles on a sloped surface through changing the slope angle and the relative density of the soil. [PERSON] et al. (2016) reported the full-scale shaft load tests with axial load or lateral load only. It could be seen from the test results that 63% of the pile head displacement produced a combined load corresponding to the lateral load under the same lateral load. [PERSON] et al. (2017) performed tests on a single pile located at different positions on the slope with horizontal loading as well as unloading, which concluded that the pile strain was reduced as the distance from the slope increased. [PERSON] et al. (2018) simulated the pile load and deformation with the combined effect of the slope's vertical and horizontal loads. The study pointed out that the vertical load could effectively make the pile's bending moment and lateral displacement decrease under combined force. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) explored some combined-load field tests by applying a static axial and lateral load on the micropiles. The concrete-embedded strain gauges were used to measure the distribution of load and pile-head, load-deformation response and bending moment with depth along the micropile length. [PERSON] et al. (2020) analyzed the force on an all-straight pile foundation under the action of a two-way cyclic load, which illustrated that the force on a pile became redistributed, and the pile body axial force increased gradually while the side friction resistance decreased with the combined action of horizontal and vertical cyclic loading. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2018) studied the p-y curves of the slope, the embedded depth of the pile, and the soil's density by using laboratory experiments. It revealed that the soil resistance increased with the pile's buried length and the growth of soil density. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) explored the pile's horizontal displacement by examining the vertical and horizontal loads on the pile foundation from different angles.  
The previous studies, mentioned above, investigated the relationship between the pile-soil failure mode and the pile-soil system's stiffness in the plane. However, there is little research on the failure mode of lateral load piles on slopes. The passive soil pressure area of the lateral load pile on the slope is smaller than that of the pile in the ground, which will affect the displacement and the pile's bending moment, thereby affecting the structural design of the pile. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply research the piles' bending moment and lateral displacement for varying slope angles. In this paper, model tests and ABAQUS FE analysis software were used to analyze the distribution of soil pressure around piles, the difference of pile head displacement under different loads, and the variation of internal force of pile on different slopes.