## 4 Discussion  
Usually, forces of 30 Ncm or higher are commonly employed for implant placement in healed ridges or fresh extraction sockets, particularly when immediate implant loading is planned. Higher IT (\(\geq\)50 Ncm) has the advantage of reducing micromotion without causing any damage to the surrounding bone [20]. The primary finding of this study highlights the significant role of the implant healing chamber profile in reducing IT and RT peaks, particularly in very high-density artificial bone (exceeding 30 PCF in density). This observation is crucial for preventing excessive stress at the peri-implant bone shoulder and minimizing bone remodeling during the early healing phases, especially in D1/D2 bone densities, according to the Misch classification [13]. Beyond its biological advantages, the reduction in torque can help prevent mechanical stress and structural failures of the prosthetic joint, including fixture damage and implant body fractures, which are considered major sources of complications [23; 24]. Similarly, no statistically significant differences in PS were observed between Test and Control implants when the polyurethane density was below 30 PCF. The 10 PCF density block, comparable to the D4 bone type [13], presented the most challenging PS scenario for both implant micro-geometries. Specifically, this simulation test was conducted without a cortical bone layer, emulating a full-density bone block with potential translational issues concerning surgical anatomy. Several studies in the literature support the beneficial effects of implant healing chambers on bone formation and stability. [PERSON] et al. [25] found increased new bone formation in minipigs using implants with two circular bone chambers. [PERSON] et al. [2] observed rapid filling of healing chambers with woven bone in a dog study. [PERSON] et al. [26] reported woven osseous tissue formation in healing chambers during the initial healing period in another animal study. Similar findings were reported by [PERSON] et al. [27] and [PERSON] et al. [28] in dog studies. Additionally, other studies noted that apically located implant chambers positively influenced bone formation and that trapezoidal chamber configurations enhanced BIC percentage [29; 30]. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that larger osteotomies, generated through osseodensification, induce the formation of healing chambers at the implant-bone interface without affecting PS. In a sheep study, [PERSON] et al. [31] found vertical chambers between threads resulting in close contact between implant and bone. Therefore, these chambers create favorable conditions for blood clot stability and osteogenesis, providing a virtual space for bone-implant interaction. In this regard, [PERSON] et al. [32] analyzed the effect of four different implant macro-geometries on early bone formation in an animal model. Among the three types of implants studied--cylindrical-conical, tapered, and tapered implants with healing chambers- higher values of ISQ, BIC, and other histological parameters were observed when compared to cylindrical implants. Additionally, the same authors reported that implants with healing chambers, despite exhibiting lower IT values, demonstrated reduced vertical bone loss compared to implants with higher IT values. This finding highlights that the presence of healing chambers significantly enhances the bone tissue response [15; 33]. The existing literature also includes in vitro studies that employed polyurethane with varying cortical thicknesses. These studies found that incorporating healing chambers into an implant's macro-geometry led to reductions in IT values, while no significant effect on ISQ values was reported [1]. Furthermore, it has been reported that the utilization of implants with healing chambers significantly enhances the progression of peri-implant bone formation [34].