esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
###### Abstract  
The swim bladder of the croceine croaker (_Pseudosciaena crocea_) was believed to have good curative effects in various diseases, including amnesia, insomnia, dizziness, anepithymia, and weakness after giving birth, in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is no research focusing on the antioxidant and anti-fatigue peptides from croceine croaker swim bladders at present. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the bioactivities of peptide fractions from the protein hydrolysate of croceine croaker related to antioxidant and anti-fatigue effects. In the study, swim bladder peptide fraction (SBP-III-3) was isolated from the protein hydrolysate of the croceine croaker, and its antioxidant and anti-fatigue activities were measured using in vitro and in vivo methods. The results indicated that SBP-III-3 exhibited good scavenging activities on hydroxyl radicals (HO\(\bullet\)) (EC\({}_{50}\) (the concentration where a sample caused a 50% decrease of the initial concentration of HO\(\bullet\)) = 0.867 mg/mL), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPP\(\bullet\)) (EC\({}_{50}\) = 0.895 mg/mL), superoxide anion radical (O\({}_{2}^{-}\bullet\)) (EC\({}_{50}\) = 0.871 mg/mL), and 2,2\({}^{\prime}\)-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical (ABTS\({}^{+}\bullet\)) (EC\({}_{50}\) = 0.346 mg/mL). SBP-III-3 also showed protective effects on DNA damage in a concentration-effect manner and prolonged the swimming time to exhaustion of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by 57.9%-107.5% greater than that of the control. SBP-III-3 could increase the levels of muscle glucose (9.4%-115.2% increase) and liver glycogen (35.7%-157.3%), and decrease the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactic acid (LA), and malondialdehydedehyde (MDA) by 16.4%-22.4%, 13.9%-20.1%, and 28.0%-53.6%, respectively. SBP-III-3 also enhanced the activity of lactic dehydrogenase to scavenge excessive LA for slowing the development of fatigue. In addition, SBP-III-3 increased the activities superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage in mice. In conclusion, SBP-III-3 possessed good anti-fatigue capacities on mice by inhibiting the oxidative reactions and provided an important basis for developing the swim bladder peptide functional food.  
Keywords:croceine croaker (_Pseudosciaena crocea_); swim bladder; peptide; antioxidant activity; anti-fatigue activity +
Footnote †: journal: Marine drugs
## 3 Proposed Schemes
### Proposed Scheme 1: Intar
#### 3.1.2 Data Forwarding Phase  
The source/sender node of the data packet selects the next forwarder from its PFNs on the bases of cost function (CF) value, which is calculated as follows:  
\[CF(i)=\frac{Dist(i,j)}{Hop(j)\times Neighbor(j)}, \tag{1}\]  
where \(Hop(j)\) is the number of \(j\)th PFN from sink, \(Neighbor(j)\) is the number of neighbors of \(j\)th PFN and \(Dist(i,j)\) is the distance between \(j\)th PFN and source node \(i\). According to Equation (1), PFN having least number of neighbors, minimum number of hops from the sink and maximum distance from the sender node have the maximum CF value. As WDFAD-DBR only considers depth difference between two hops to avoid void hole. However, considering two hops does not eliminate void hole, as shown in Figure 1. Moreover, it does not consider channel interference, thus collision probability is high because the packet is delivered to sink through high node density region. We reduce collision probability and avoid void hole by selecting a PFN having path to sink with least number of neighbors as the next forwarder of the packet from S/S1 to sink, as shown in Figure 1.  
Source node selects PFN with maximum CF value, includes its ID in the data packet and broadcasts it to its neighbor nodes. Upon receiving the data packet, every node compares its ID with the ID which is received in the data packet. If the received ID matches, neighbor node accepts a data packet from the source/sender node and is selected as next forwarder/sender of the data packet. All other neighbor nodes discard the data packet. This process continues until data packet reaches the sink node.
# Endoscopic Optical Imaging Technologies and Devices for Medical Purposes: State of the Art
## 5 Actuation Methods
### Electrothermal Actuators  
Electrothermal actuators are based on the principle of thermal expansion. When a current is passed through a material, it causes an increase in the temperature of the material due to the Joule/electric resistive heating effect. The rise in the temperature causes deformation, and consequently the motion of the electrothermal actuator material. Thus, the motion of an electrothermal actuator can be controlled by the driving voltage [98].  
In electrothermal actuators, large actuation forces can be obtainable with less operating voltage as compared to the electrostatic actuators. However, the longer response time for thermal actuation and the heat dissipation limit the use of these actuators at a very high frequency. However, it has been proven that at sub-micrometer or nanometer scale, it is possible to use electrothermal actuators at very high frequencies (in the order of MHz) due to the very small response time [99].  
The electrothermal actuators can be classified into three categories: hot-and-cold arm, Chevron, and bimorph actuators. Such actuators are schematized in Figure 15 [100].  
Figure 14: Electrostatically driven micromirror: (**A**) SEM image; (**B**) electrical schematic (taken with the permission of [96] © The Optical Society).  
Figure 15: Schematic diagram of electrothermal actuator: (**a**) hot-and-cold arm actuator; (**b**) Chevron actuator; (**c**) bimorph actuator at initial state and under actuation (taken with the permission of [100]).  
Bimorph electrothermal actuators are frequently used in optical devices, especially to guide the optical mirror by connecting it to the tip of more than one bimorph actuator [101; 102; 103]. [PERSON] et al. described many micromirror scanning devices actuated using a bimorph electrothermal actuator [93]. [PERSON] et al. fabricated an electrothermally driven micro-scanner for OCT probes [104; 105]. [PERSON] et al. developed an MEMS fiber scanner actuated using an electrothermal bimorph actuator for a forward-viewing confocal endoscopic catheter [68; 69]. The schematic diagram of an electrothermally driven endoscopic catheter is shown in Figure 16[69].
## 5 Discussion  
The proposed EFSDAF method in this paper was an improvement on FSDAF. EFSDAF considered the mixed pixels of both Landsat images and MODIS images, and it predicted the Landsat-like images by combining spectral unmixing analysis and TPS interpolator. The experiment results showed that the fusion results by EFSDAF were better than FSDAF.
# Wind Lidar and Radiosonde Measurements of Low-Level Jets in Coastal Areas of the German Bight
## 4 WRF Modelling of the LLJ  
In the framework of the project WIPAFF [4], airborne in situ meteorological measurements were performed with the research aircraft Dornier 128 above the German Bight [53]. During the flight on 2 June 2017, a low-level jet was measured in parallel with the wind lidar systems. For this particular day, simulations with the weather research and forecasting (WRF, 3.8.1) model were performed to validate the model performance in the case of an LLJ and to complement the lidar and airborne measurements for studying the horizontal extent of the phenomenon. The full details of the numerical setup are described in [57]. However, the effect of wind farms is not parameterized here, as the focus is the evolution of LLJs. The model has three domains with horizontal grid sizes of 15 km, 5 km, and 1.6 km, respectively (Figure 3). All domains have the same vertical levels, below 200 m the spacing of the vertical levels is 35 m, whereby the lowest full level is located approximately 20 m above MSL. The initial and lateral boundary conditions are defined by operational ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) analysis data, having a horizontal grid size similar to the outermost domain. The model is initialized at 12:00 UTC on 1 June 2016, resulting in 18 h spin-up time. The model uses the following parameterizations in all three domains: the WRF double-moment six-class cloud microphysics scheme (WDMS [58]), the rapid radiation transfer model for GCM (RRTMG) scheme for short- and longwave radiation [59], the Noah land surface model [60] and the Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) boundary layer parameterization [61] with a modified mixing length in the free atmosphere [62]. The outermost domain uses a cumulus parameterization [63], whereby the two innermost domains have a convective allowing grid size.
## 6 Results and Discussion
### Comparative Experiments
#### 6.3.3 PQ\(\times\)WQ Interaction Factor Analysis  
We calculated the average value of the experimental index according to the value of PQ/WQ for the experimental data in Table 5; the results are shown in Table 9.  
It can be observed from the experimental statistics in the table above that the MADPSO performance shows a gradual weakening trend with the rise of PQ/WQ value, which is in line with Inference 2 mentioned above. In addition, for TPPM, the AROS value decreases slightly with the increase in PQ/WQ value, indicating that the traditional picking mode tends to obtain a better average energy efficiency index when the picking station is fully loaded.
## Appendix C Description of Machine Learning Algorithm for Inventory Replenishment Decision  
In recent years, the data-driven approach is gaining popularity to reduce computational burden. In this study, we use Q-learning and DQN. Note that from a implementation perspective, we did not modify the key structure of the algorithm, but extensive sensitivity analysis is conducted before implementing such an algorithm [22].  
```
\(\mathbf{Require:}\)  States \(\mathcal{S}=\{1,\ldots,n_{s}\}\), where : States is inventory level  Actions \(\mathcal{A}=\{1,\ldots,n_{a}\}\), \(A:\mathcal{S}\Rightarrow\mathcal{A}\), where : Action is the replenishment quantity  Reward Function \(R:\mathcal{S}\times\mathcal{A}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\), where : Reward is the obtained profit  Black-box (probabilistic) transition function \(E=\bullet\), where : \(1-\epsilon\)  Learning rate \(\alpha\in[0,1]\), typically \(\alpha=0.1\)  Discounting factor \(\gamma\in[0,1]\)  procedureQ-Learning(\(\mathcal{S}\), \(A\), \(R\), \(\epsilon\), \(\alpha\), \(\gamma\))  Initialize \(Q:\mathcal{S}\times\mathcal{A}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\) arbitrarily while\(Q\) is not converged do  Start in state \(s\in\mathcal{S}\) while\(s\) is not terminal do  Calculate \(\epsilon\) according to Q and exploration strategy (e.g., \(\epsilon(s)\gets argmax_{a}Q(s,a)\)) \(a\leftarrow\epsilon(s)\) \(R\leftarrow R(s,a)\) \(\triangleright\) Receive the reward \(s^{\prime}\gets E(s,a)\) \(Q(S,A)\leftarrow(1-\alpha)\cdot Q(S,A)+\alpha\cdot(R+\gamma\cdot\max_{Q}(S^{ \prime},A)-Q(S,A)\) \(s\gets s^{\prime}\) endwhile end whilereturn\(Q\) endprocedure
```  
**Algorithm A1**\(Q\)-learning: (off-policy) Learn function \(Q:\mathcal{S}\times\mathcal{A}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\).
## 3 Tube-in-Tube Buckling-Restrained Braces
An important consideration is the potential application of a low-friction coating or lubricant to the exterior of the load-bearing tube, aimed at reducing the transfer of shear forces across contact surfaces. This modification could enhance cyclic symmetry. Nonetheless, recent experimental findings [18; 48] suggest that TnT BRBs exhibit a relatively symmetrical hysteretic response even in the absence of such lubrication within anticipated demand parameters. Additionally, it is essential that the in-service longevity of any low-friction lubricant or coating applied to metal surfaces be validated through rigorous testing. The energy dissipation capacity of TnT braces was examined through cyclic testing of large-scale specimens at Iowa State University. The experimental setup and the inelastic cyclic behavior of a 3.5-m TnT specimen with about 500 kN capacity are illustrated in Figure 2(a). The loading protocol adhered to the AISC Seismic Provisions (AISC 341) [49]. The axial force-displacement analysis demonstrated ductile, nearly symmetrical responses, with maximum ductility around 10 and story drift exceeding 0.03 rad (Figure 2(b)). Total ductility approached 250, with peak compression overstrength near 10%, indicating minimal unbalanced brace forces in girders. As seen in Figure 2(b), the development of inelastic deformations began by yielding of the load-bearing tube (inner tube) in both tension and compression. Following the initial inelastic cycles at yielding deformation, the displacement-controlled load amplitudes were gradually increased to 50 mm, which corresponds to a ductility of 10 (an equivalent story drift ratio of 0.035 rad.). Note that two cycles were applied at each deformation quantity to comply with the loading protocol given in AISC 341 [49]. After attaining the peak ductility of 10, two additional cycles were applied at an axial displacement of around 38 mm (ductility of 7.5) to satisfy the cumulative ductility requirement [49]. The specimen showed a stable and virtually symmetrical response until the last cycle, as seen in Figure 2(b). During the last compression cycle at a ductility of 7.5, the load-bearing tube experienced local plastic deformations close to the loading end, which led to a strength deterioration (Figure 2(b)). Soon after the plastic local deformation took place, the load-bearing tube fractured in tension due to low-cycle fatigue. The lack of global buckling significantly enhanced energy dissipation capacity, shown by significant hysteresis loop areas. TnT braces effectively dissipate energy while maintaining stiffness, making them ideal for improving non-ductile reinforced concrete frames. Refer to [PERSON] and [PERSON] [48] for further details on the experimental program.
## 3 Results
### Effectiveness of the Light Intervention
#### 3.1.4 Light Intensity (lx)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **A\({}_{1}\)** & **B\({}_{1}\)** & **A\({}_{2}\)** & **B\({}_{2}\)** & **B\({}_{1}\)-A\({}_{1}\)** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**A\({}_{2}\)-B\({}_{1}\)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**B\({}_{2}\)-A\({}_{2}\)**} \\ \hline
**Particip 1** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Mean**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**M\({}_{d}\)**} & \(p\)2**  & \(p\) & **M\({}_{d}\)** & \(p\)**  & \(\mathbf{M_{d}}\) & \(p\) & **M\({}_{d}\)** & \(p\)** \\ \hline pp1 & 1.40 & 1.21 & 1.35 & & & \(-\)0.20 & 0.022  & 0.14 & 0.031  \\ pp2 & 2.29 & 1.84 & 1.50 & & & \(-\)0.45 & 0.007  & \(-\)0.34 & 0.989 \\ pp3 & 1.78 & 1.63 & 1.70 & 1.87 & \(-\)0.15 & 0.763 & 0.08 & 0.742 & 0.17 & 0.074  \\ pp4 & 1.79 & 1.79 & 1.58 & 1.82 & 0.00 & 0.481 & \(-\)0.21 & 0.035  & 0.24 & 0.041  \\ pp5 & 1.80 & 1.67 & 1.63 & 1.61 & \(-\)0.13 & 0.853 & \(-\)0.04 & 0.339  & \(-\)0.02 & 0.551  \\ pp7 & 1.96 & 1.92 & 1.65 & 2.07 & \(-\)0.04 & 0.678 & \(-\)0.27 & 0.008  & 0.41 & 0.001  \\ pp8 & 1.54 & 1.83 & 1.72 & 1.84 & 0.29 & 0.003  & \(-\)0.12 & 0.127 & 0.12 & 0.152  \\ PP9 & 1.44 & 1.55 & 1.65 & 1.77 & 0.11 & 0.151 & 0.11 & 0.816 & 0.12 & 0.161 \\ pp10 & 1.49 & 1.52 & 1.58 & 1.74 & 0.02 & 0.368 & 0.07 & 0.795 & 0.16 & 0.044  \\ pp11 & 2.28 & 2.35 & & & 0.07 & 0.247 & & & & \\ pp12 & 1.68 & 1.85 & 1.77 & 2.20 & 0.17 & 0.068  & \(-\)0.08 & 0.268 & 0.43 & 0.002 \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Overall Effects} \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{Mean difference 3} \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{[PERSON]’s \(d\) 3} \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{Sum \(p\)} \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{Overall \(p\)} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Mean lx log10 values and mean differences and \(p\)-values for all phases. For the comparison of B\({}_{1}\) and A\({}_{2}\), the randomization tests showed that there was a significant decrease for participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. The sum of all individual \(p\)-values was 2.68, which was significant, \(p\) = 0.005. The overall mean difference was \(-\)184 K, and [PERSON]'s \(d\) was 0.350, indicating a small-to-medium effect size. The comparison of phases A\({}_{2}\) and B\({}_{2}\) showed significantly higher CCT values for participants 3, 5, 7, and 9. The sum of all individual \(p\)-values was 1.19, which was significant, \(p\) < 0.001. The overall mean difference was 268 K, and [PERSON]'s \(d\) was 0.469, indicating a medium effect size. CCT Light Conclusion  
The CCT of the light was not significantly different between the first control phase and the first intervention phase B1, but CCT was significantly higher in phases B1 and B2 than in phase A2.
# Small-Scale Zero-Shot Collision Localization for Robots Using RL-CNN
## 2 Related Work
However, our previous work mainly focused on studying the effect of the robot arm's joint configuration and region partition schemes on collision localization and did not pay much attention to two additional crucial aspects of collision localization: (1) reducing the data collection cost required for data-driven collision localization methods and (2) suppressing the effects of signal similarity on collision localization caused by environmental factors. These are critical issues that need to be addressed to improve the accuracy and applicability of collision localization methods. Therefore, our current research focuses on addressing these two aspects of collision localization. As demonstrated in Section 1, the asymmetric installation of the charger to the end of the manipulator will cause a similarity in the vibration signal of the compensator during a collision between the charger and the charging port. In general, the similarity may interfere with data-driven collision localization. However, there are very few current studies on how to reduce the impact of similarity on collision localization. In order to fill this gap, inspired by the divide-and-conquer method proposed in [28], before finely localizing the collision point, we first perform a rough localization on the collision point to distinguish whether the collision point is in the upper region or the lower region of the charging port. In addition, this can ensure that the overall approach has a better focus on the fine localization process. The main contributions of this paper are as follows:  
1. For the first time, we propose to use the vibration information from the elastic compensator corresponding to the pre-specified collision points to predict the location of the zero-shot collision point in the small-scale region, which helps to reduce the cost of data collection to some extent. 2. Considering the similarity in the collision signal caused by the asymmetric installation of the end effector relative to the end link, a two-stage collision localization method is proposed. The rough localization stage of the method can reduce the effect of the vibration similarity and improve the ability of the classifier to produce promising results in the fine localization stage.
# A Synergistic Elixir-EDA-MQTT Framework for Advanced Smart Transportation Systems
## 5 Details of Prototype System
### Event-Driven Design and Components
#### 5.1.3 Event Channels  
The MQTT broker serves as the system's central event channel, providing reliable and persistent message transmission between producers and consumers. It acts as a message broker, actively listening for incoming connections, requests, and messages. When a producer publishes an event, the broker filters, validates, and queues it for replayable delivery, ensuring message integrity and resilience. This asynchronous dispatching facilitates decoupled services and enhances the overall effectiveness of the event-driven architecture. The broker's event loop architecture efficiently distributes millions of events per second across geographically distributed edge devices, enabling real-time responsiveness and scalability.
## 6 Conclusions  
This study selects 94 scenes of Sentinel-1A and 9 scenes of TerraSAR image data to obtain the deformation rate field and time series for Shanghai from 2016 to 2022 based on time series InSAR technology. Meanwhile, we obtain the risk assessment for Shanghai city with multiple geoinformation data and time series deformation results. Specifically, the results are summarized as follows:  
1. We obtain the land surface deformation time series for Shanghai city during the period of 2016-2022 based on Sentinel-1A data. The maximum annual average ground subsidence rate is \(-37.8\) mm/a, and the maximum cumulative deformation is \(-188.6\) mm. The reliability of the experiment is verified by different technologies and data. Six typical settlement area points are mainly distributed in the BS area, MH region, and JS region of PD New Zone and present a linear distribution. Most subway lines occur at different degrees to settlements, among which the Lines 14, 15, 17, and 18 show the most severe settlement with the maximum velocity of \(-18.2\) mm/a. 2. The related factors of land subsidence are discussed. The subsidence mainly occurs in engineering construction areas and there is a certain correlation with the subway development. With the construction area of Shanghai gradually developing from an urban area to a suburban area, the settlement also transforms from urban to suburban. Meanwhile, the correlation between land settlement and rainfall is relatively week. 3. According to the risk assessment results, the low-risk areas are mainly QP, SJ, FX, PD central, and other areas, while higher-risk areas are HP, YP, HK, and BS, covering areas of 65.47 square kilometers and accounting for 1.27% of the experimental area. The influencing factors of the risk assessment results in the Shanghai area are complex. The results of the risk assessment can provide basic data and a model basis for prevention, monitoring, and early warning of geological disasters in Shanghai and provide an optimization scheme for government decision making. However, we initially discuss risk assessment using ten influencing factors, and there may be more related factors to consider in the future. All authors contributed to the manuscript and discussed the results. [PERSON] and [PERSON] put forward the idea for this paper. [PERSON] processed and analyzed the sentinel data and contributed to the manuscript. [PERSON] provided criticism and revised the manuscript. [PERSON] modified the time series displacement figures. [PERSON] modified the risk assessment of the land subsidence graph. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (42064002, 42374040), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of East China University of Technology (No. DHBK2019187), the Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education in 2021 (GJ)210722), and the East China University of Technology Graduate Innovation Fund Project (DHYC-202323). Not applicable.