# Risk Assessment Method and Application for Tunnel Lining Demolition Construction
## 1 Introduction  
A tunnel is an important project created by humans in transportation construction, providing convenience for urban transportation and making significant contributions to people's lives and economic development [1; 2]. However, due to reasons such as maintenance, renovation, expansion, and structural insecurity [3; 4; 5], the dismantling of the lining of a tunnel has become an important task. By removing the lining, the tunnel structure can be repaired, reconstructed, and expanded to ensure the safe operation and traffic efficiency of the tunnel. At the same time, the removal of the lining can eliminate the potential safety problems of the tunnel structure [6; 7].  
A tunnel lining demolition is a complex problem involving many disciplines. At present, some pieces of research have been carried out on it [8]. In terms of the reasons for the demolition of a tunnel lining, studies have shown that aging [9; 10], corrosion, cracks, and other problems of tunnel lining are the main reasons for the demolition. At the same time, the expansion and reconstruction of the tunnel's structure, safety considerations, environmental protection, and other factors will also promote the demolition of the tunnel lining [11; 12]. At present, mechanical demolitions and blasting demolitions are mainly used in the demolition of tunnel linings [13; 14; 15]. A mechanical demolition is to demolish the lining by using mechanical equipment such as a drilling machine, which has the advantages of a small impact on the surrounding environment and simple operation. A blasting demolition is the blasting decomposition of the lining by using explosives, which has the advantages of high efficiency and a wide application range [4]. In terms of the impact of a tunnel lining demolition, it mainly includes the impact on the tunnel structure, the impact on the surrounding environment, and the impact on transportation. The removal of a tunnel lining may have some impact on the tunnel's structure, so detailed planning and design are required. At the same time, the demolition process may also have a certain impact on the surrounding environment and transportation, which requireseffective control and management [16; 17]. In general, the demolition of a tunnel lining is a complex and diverse problem, which requires in-depth discussion and research in theoretical research and practical application. The risks and challenges involved in the demolition of a tunnel lining cannot be ignored.  
At present, there are relatively few studies on the risk of tunnel lining demolitions, and they mainly focus on the demolition methods and technologies. Existing studies have mainly focused on the comparison of demolition methods, as well as the structural deformation, environmental pollution, and other issues that may be involved in the demolition process. However, the research on risk assessments in the process of tunnel lining demolitions is still relatively insufficient. The purpose of this paper is to conduct in-depth research and a discussion on the risks of tunnel lining demolitions and to comprehensively understand the potential risks and challenges in the demolition process. The corresponding risk assessment method is proposed to ensure the safety and smooth progress of tunnel lining demolitions. The research of this paper will provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the demolition of tunnel linings and provide a useful reference point for urban traffic construction and tunnel maintenance.