## 2 Materials and Methods
### Antioxidant Capacity and Compounds  
The ABTS assay was performed according to the methodology proposed by [PERSON] et al. [23]. An ABTS radical cation (ABTS\({}^{+}\)) was produced by reacting 25 mL of ABTS (7 mM) with 440 \(\mu\)L of potassium persulphate (K\({}_{2}\)S\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{8}\)) (140 mM). The mixture was kept in darkness at room temperature for 12-16 h. Then, the ABTS radical cation was diluted with ethanol at a ratio of 1:100 (\(v/v\)) to obtain an absorbance of 0.700 (\(\pm\)0.020) at a wavelength of 734 nm. The Trolox standard curve at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 \(\mu\)M) was prepared, using ethanol as a solvent. The absorbance of 2 mL of the ABTS++ working solution was the initial point of reaction (A\({}_{0}\)). Then, 0.1 mL of diluted sample extracts or Trolox standards were added, and the absorbance was determined after 3 min (A\({}_{\mathrm{f}}\)). All absorbances were read at a wavelength of 734 nm in a Perkin-Elmer UV/Vis Lambda 2 spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer, Rodgau-Jugesheim, Germany). The percentage of inhibition was calculated with the following equation:  
\[\%\,\mathrm{Inhibition}=(1-(A_{\mathrm{f}}/A_{0}))\,\,^{*}\,100 \tag{1}\]  
The antioxidant activity was calculated using a Trolox standard curve and expressed as \(\mu\)M rolov equivalents (TEs). Experiments were performed in triplicate. The oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) method was evaluated, following the methodology proposed by [PERSON] et al. [26] with some modifications. Sodium fluorescein and an AAPH working solution were prepared at a concentration of 0.015 mg/mL and 120 mg/mL, using a 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7). In a 96-well microplate, 50 \(\mu\)L of the sample extract was mixed with 50 \(\mu\)L of fluorescein, and the mixture was pre-incubated at 37 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 10 min. Then, 25 \(\mu\)L of the AAPH solution were added, and the plates were immediately placed in the VICTOR3 1420 multilabel plate counter reader (PerkinElmer, Turku, Finland), and the fluorescence was recorded every minute for 60 min under an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and an emission wavelength of 528 nm. The phosphate buffer was used as a blank, and Trolox (100 \(\mu\)M) was used as the antioxidant standard. Each extract was analyzed in five replicates, and the differences in areas under the curve (AUCs) of the fluorescein decay between the blank and the samples were used to calculate the antioxidant activity. The results were expressed as \(\mu\)M Trolox equivalents (TEs). For the total phenolic compound (TPC) determination, the Folin\(-\)Ciocalteu method was employed according to [PERSON] et al. [12]. Briefly, a 50% \(v/v\) Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, 2% Na\({}_{2}\)CO\({}_{3}\) and the gallic acid diluted standards were prepared. First, 100 uL of the sample extract or standard were mixed with 3 mL of Na\({}_{2}\)CO\({}_{3}\). Then, 100 uL of a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent solution was added to the mixture, and the samples were incubated at room temperature for 1 h. Finally, the absorbance of the samples was read at a wavelength of 750 nm using a Perkin-Elmer UV/Vis Lambda 2 spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer, Rodgau-Jugesheim, Germany). The gallic acid calibration curve was used for quantification of the total phenols. Analyses were performed in triplicate. The total carotenoid and chlorophyll A contents were obtained spectrophotometrically in a Perkin-Elmer UV/Vis Lambda 2 spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer, Rodgau-Jugesheim, Germany). This method consisted of the determination of the carotenoid and chlorophyll contents based on their maximum absorbances: chlorophyll A \(\lambda\approx\) 664.1 nm, chlorophyll B \(\lambda\approx\) 648.6 nm and total carotenoids \(\lambda\approx\) 470 nm. The sample extracts were diluted with distilled water, and the absorbance (A) was read at wavelengths of 470, 648.6 and 664.1 nm, respectively.