## 3 Results
### Taxonomy
4065 m, 19 September 2014, [PERSON] et al., 14-45996. Sichuan Prov., Luding Co. Gongga Mt., 29\({}^{\circ}\)20 N, 101\({}^{\circ}\)30\({}^{\prime}\) E, Alt. 3000 m, on rock, 1996, [PERSON], 96-16177. Diagnosis: This genus has scattered round, immersed, slightly to very deeply concaved apothecia without a thalline margin. Thallus foliose, lower surface white or pale brown, indistinctly veined, it is similar to _Solarina_ in external morphology, but differs by the white to pale brown lower surface. Description: Thallus: small to large foliose, dorsiventral, heteromerous, lobate; Lobes: rounded, margins flush with the substrate or slightly raised; Upper surface: apple green to green-gray when wet, white or pale-green to brown when dry, smooth to scabrid; Upper cortex: paraplectenbranduous; Photobiont: _Cocomyxa_ and _Nostoc_; Lower cortex: lacking; Lower surface: white or pale brown, indistinctly veined, tomentose, and with clusters of simple or branched rhizines; Apothecia: rounded, irregularly scattered, impressed to immersed in the upper surface, red-brown to black, slightly to very deeply concave, thalline margin absent; Asci: clavate, _Peltigena_-type, 1-, 2- or 4-spored; Asscospores: red-brown or dark brown, 1- or 2-(3-)septate with median constriction, ellipsoid to fusiform, wall non-uniformly thickened, surface ornamented broad reticulating ridges and irregular lacunae. Chemistry: Two species contain gyrophoric acid, methyl gyrophorate, teniourin, and 2\({}^{\prime}\)-\(O\)-methylenuiorin, but six species lack secondary metabolites (detected by TLC and HPLC). Ecology: On soil, markedly calcicole. The members of this genus often occur in alpine habitats. Note: Previously, species of this genus were classified under _Solarina_ based on the morphology of the apothecia. However, phylogenetic analyses indicate strong support for its status as a monophyletic genus. _Pseudosolarina_ is set apart from related genera by its white or pale brownish lower surface, with apothecia irregularly scattered and immersed in the upper surface of the thallus, usually concave. In comparison to _Solarina_, its spore wall is rougher and ornamented with broad reticulating ridges and irregular lacunae. Most species lack secondary metabolites. _Pseudosolarina bispora_ (Nyl.) [PERSON] and [PERSON], comb. nov. **Figure 5**  
\(\equiv\)_Solarina bispora_ Nyl., _Syn. meth. lich._ (Parisiis) 1(2): 331 (1860)  
_= Solorina saccata_ var. bispora (Nyl.) [PERSON], _Verh. Kaiserl.-Kanigl. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien_, 21(3-4): 1118 (1871)  
_= Solorina bispora_ Nyl., _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_, 29: 29 (1930)  
Fungal Names: FN 572279  
Type: France, Midi-Pyrenees, Hautes-Pyrenees, Nylander W., H9506085 (Holotype)  
Description: Thallus: small foliose, fragile, dorsiventral, heteromerous, lobate, 1.5-2 cm in diam. ; Lobes: rounded or irregular, 5-10 mm; Upper surface: bright apple-green when wet, dark green or pale grey to tinged brown when dry, usually covered with white-pruinose; Upper cortex: paraplectenbranduous, colorless, 50-100 um thick; Medulla: 40-150 um thick; Photobiont: _Cocomyxa_ and _Nostoc_, one _Cocomyxa_ green algal layer, 40-110 um thick, _Nostoc_ present in internal cephalodia which can be seen on the underside of the thallus as dark spots; Lower cortex: lacking; Lower surface: pale brown, densely tomentose, not or indistinctly veined, rhizines; Apothecia: large, rounded, irregularly scattered, sunk in depressions in the upper surface, red-brown to black, deeply concave, thalline margin absent; Asci: clavate, _Peltigena_-type, 2-spored; Asscospores: red-brown or dark brown, 1-septate with a median constriction, ellipsoid to fusiform, wall non-uniformly thickened, surface ornamented broad reticulating ridges and irregular lacunae, 65-88 \(\times\) 33-42 um. Chemistry: No lichen products detected by TLC. Ecology and distribution: Typically found in humid soil rich in humus, often growing in association with herbaceous plants.