esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Results
### Effect of GPP Extracts on Antioxidant Response in Lipid-Overload Human SM Cells  
As shown in Figure 3A, treatment of human SM cells with GPP extracts produced a significant decrease in palmitate-induced lipid peroxidation if compared to GPP-untreated cells. When GPP extracts were added to palmitate, a lower phosphorylation of p62 compared to palmitate alone was observed (Figure 3B). While the intense phosphorylation in palmitate-treated human SM cells was accompanied by a decrease in HO-1 expression, the latter increased with GPP extract treatment compared to palmitate-treated cells (Figure 3C).  
Figure 3: Treatment with GPP extract improves antioxidant response and decreases oxidative stress of human SM cells treated with palmitate. (**A**) Representative Western blot analysis of lipid peroxidation alteration after palmitate and GPP extract treatment of human SM cells. Protein 4-HNE adducts quantification is expressed relative to actin level and to their level in human SM cells treated with palmitate alone that was set at one. (**B**) Representative Western blot analysis of P-p62 and p62 proteins in human SM treated or not with palmitate and GPP extracts. P-p62/p62 levels are expressed as fold induction relative to P-p62/p62 levels induced by palmitate treatment that was set at one. (**C**) Representative Western blot analysis of HO-1 protein expression after GPP extract and palmitate treatment. Protein levels were expressed relative to actin level and to their levels in palmitate-treated human SM cells that was set at one. For all the experiments, \(n=3\). Data are expressed as means \(\pm\) SEM. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA. *\(p\leq 0.05\), **\(p<0.01\), ***\(p<0.001\) and ***\(p<0.0001\).
## 5 Proposed Approach  
In this section, the components of the proposed approach are discussed. Figure 3 illustrates the steps proposed for detecting the intrusion attacks. As observed in the figure, the IoT dataset is split into 2/3 and 1/3 divisions indicating the training and testing portions, which is one of the most common split strategies for classification [61]. The training portion is then considered for the following three main stages of the proposed approach:  
* Data reduction with clustering
* Oversampling
* Classification with SLFN  
These stages are further discussed in the following sections. Finally, the generated model is evaluated using the testing data portion.  
The proposed approach is represented by Algorithm 1. The algorithm accepts the dataset and several other values including the number of clusters (\(k\)), the oversampling ratio, and the reduction percentage. The training and testing split is presented by Line 1. The three stages reduction with clustering, oversampling, and classification are presented on Lines 2-4, 5, and 6, respectively. Then, the testing portion is predicted on Line 7 by the model generated from the classification stage. Finally, the evaluation process is performed on Line 8 generating the Accuracy (ACC), Precision (PREC), Recall (REC), and G-mean (GM).  
```
Input: dataset, \(k\), ratio, reduction% Output: ACC, PREC, REC, GM
1 train, test = split(dataset)
2 clusters = \(k\)-means++(train, \(k\))
3 updated-clusters = reduce(clusters, reduction%)
4 reduced-dataset = aggregate(updated-clusters)
5 oversampled-dataset = SVM-SMOTE(reduced-dataset, ratio)
6 model = SLFN(oversampled-dataset)
7 predicted-labels = predict(model, test)
8 ACC, PREC, REC, GM = evaluate(predicted-labels)
```  
**Algorithm 1**SLFN-SVM-SMOTE
###### Abstract  
In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) thin films were printed by an aerosol jet printer, which is capable of fabricating thin films on the curve substrate via air stream. To approach high efficiency fabricating thin film thermistors in small batch sizes, the printed NiO nanoparticle thin films were sintered by using a 355 nm wavelength ultraviolet (UV) laser; this novel fabrication method reduced several steps of the conventional manufacturing process of the thermistor. Compared with furnace heat treatments of the NiO thermistor in previous studies, the UV laser sintering not only significantly improved the electrical properties but decreased the treatment time from an hour to a second. Since the resistance declined, the thermistor has been operated at an ambient temperature, which provides ready measurement. The resistance and morphology of the thin films were analyzed for evaluating the effect of the laser treatment. To identify the proper UV laser parameters, three laser parameters, including laser output energy, frequency, and scanning speed, were studied. Due to the laser-sintering parameters, namely, 2 W, 150 mm/s, 90 kHz, and a B value of 4683 K, the resistance has been reduced from 106.8 M\(\Omega\) to 6.15 M\(\Omega\) at 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The experiments exhibited a series of analyses for sintering states and defects of printed NiO nanoparticle thin film, which were sintered by UV laser. For NiO nanoparticles, UV laser has higher absorption energy than that of other wavelength lasers, when excess laser output was applied to the NiO thin film, cracks were observed on the surface. It was found that the crystal plane distances were not affected by recrystallization, but the cracks were based on the XRD analysis. Based on the analysis, there were obvious regional compressive stains before the appearance of cracks, and the uneven shrinking strains caused the cracks on the surface as energy irradiation increased.  
ultraviolet laser sintering; aerosol jet printing; 3D printing; thermistor; nickel oxide nanoparticles +
Footnote †: journal:
# UAV-Based Privacy-Preserved Trustworthy Seamless Service Agility for NextG Cellular Networks
## 5 Experiment Evaluation
### Experiment Setup  
A full 5G open-source implementation platform equipped with UEs, base stations, and core network is yet under development. There have been promising testbeds and platforms that imitate the 5G core network, such as the Free5 GC platform [42]. For our experiment, we used srsRAN [43] which is an open-source 4G and 5G software radio library that is able to work with several RF front-end. The initial connection procedure and the bootstrapping signals are identical in both 4G and 5G; therefore, the srsRAN setup is suitable for our experiment.  
The UE is equipped with a universal subscriber identity module (SIM card), storing the unique IMSI. The SIM card also stores the corresponding cryptographic keys used in connection initialization that allows the core network to identify and authenticate the UE. Additionally, the UE has its own device-specific unique identity, called the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), which is also used for identification. These two unique identifiers, IMSI and IMEI are sensitive and can expose the user to several attacks, as aforementioned earlier. Therefore, we do not share these identifiers with external or guest service provider networks; we have replaced those IDs with concealed IDs, warrants, and certificates.
# Preassembly Cryogenic Drilling in Carbon Fiber Sandwich Sheets with Inner Foam Core
## 1 Introduction
Regarding fiber-reinforced composites, this technique has allowed some improvement of outcomes, as can be appreciated in the drilling of reinforced polyether-ether-ketone that avoids oversized holes [22] or in the tapping of reinforced polyamide, where an energy reduction can be achieved at temperatures close to \(0\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\)[23]. At even lower temperatures, such as those achieved in cryogenic machining, improvements in results are also attained. Cryogenic refrigerants are increasingly used, mainly in energy development and in the aerospace industry, and their influence on polymeric materials should be studied in depth [24]. Regarding cryogenic drilling in CFRP material, the liquid N\({}_{2}\) reduces the surface roughness of the drilled parts and tool wear [25] and, overall, the thrust forces required are low [26; 27; 28]. Other findings are related to the hole diameter error, which cryogenic drilling reduces compared to dry drilling, also, in CFRP [29; 30]. This can be also appreciated in reinforced composites, for example, in glass-fiber-reinforced composites, where improvements are achieved, and where second-order relationships are found between the variables of thrust force and average roughness and the parametersdefined in terms of cutting factors, although the hole diameter does not have a relationship with the cutting conditions [31]. As seen previously, the dimensional precision of the holes is a relevant factor, because it determines the tolerances, as is the roughness and the delamination because they can avoid subsequent finishing operations. The thrust forces are other important variables because they contribute to energy consumption during drilling, although in a smaller proportion than the torque. In light of the above, the main objectives of this work include determining the influence of cutting conditions and the thickness of the core of the composites on the thrust forces, as well as of the variation in the diameters at the entry and exit of the hole at very low temperatures. Thus, this article contributes to a greater understanding of cryogenic drilling, a process yet to be explored in depth, and the behavior of a particularly light material with good mechanical properties and increasingly numerous applications, such as carbon fiber sandwich sheets with an inner foam core.
# Semantic Search Enhanced with Rating Scores
## 2 Related Work  
In the literature, several proposals regarding semantic similarity reasoning have been defined, as for instance [5; 6; 7; 8; 9]. In general, the matchmaking between vectors of concepts is computed on the basis of their intersection as performed in Dice and Jaccard methods [10], without considering neither the information content of the concepts in the ontology nor the hierarchical relationship among them. In [11], the Weighted Sum method has been proposed where the similarity of hierarchically related concepts is evaluated, although by using a fixed value (i.e., 0.5). In [12], the similarity between sets of ontology concepts is computed on the basis of the shortest path in a graph by applying an extended version of the [PERSON] algorithm [13]. Finally, other proposals, such as [14], consider the inverse document frequency (IDF) method, and combine it with the term frequency (TF) approach.  
With respect to the mentioned papers, in this work the semantic matchmaking method is performed in accordance with the _information content_ approach defined by [PERSON] in [15], which is an evolution of [16]. The [PERSON]'s method results in a better correlation with human judgment when compared with other approaches, such as the edge-counting [17; 18; 19]. Furthermore, concerning the evaluation of the similarity between vectors of concepts, we borrowed the Hungarian algorithm for solving the _maximum weighted matching_ problem in bipartite graphs [20].  
In [21], the representation of users' preferences relies on the definition of users' profiles, which are built according to an ontology-based model. The ontology has been exploited in order to establish relationships among user profiles and features. Then, the level of interest of the user is modeled by taking into account both features and historical data. Reference [22] copes with the evaluation of the similarity between users' profiles. In particular, it proposes a collaborative filtering method in order to identify similar users rating in a given set of items, and to analyze the ratings associated with these users. In [23], the traditional feature-based measures for computing similarity are used, and the authors present an ontology-based approach for evaluating similarity between classes where attributes replace features. The underpinning of this approach is that the more attributes two classes have in common, the higher similarity they have.  
Finally, it turns out that \(SemSim^{e}\) is a novel approach because, as opposed to the above mentioned proposals, it introduces rating scores for enriching the semantic annotations of both user requests and resources.
# Fast Conflict Detection for Multi-Dimensional Packet Filters
## 5 Experimental Results
### Filtering Ratio of the Comparison Result Lookup  
We first examine how much the lookup table mentioned above can help in reducing exact comparisons. The results listed in Table 11 show that considerable differences exist between the average numbers of performing non-prefix field comparisons for every filter in a range of 20 K databases. The trend revealed was: the fewer conflicting pairs in the database, the lower the average exact comparison for filters. On average, exact comparison was performed for filters in the ACL5 database less than once, whereas it was performed almost 2500 times for filters in the FW5 database. The numbers required to perform exact comparison for filters in the ACL databases were far fewer than those for the FW databases, while the difference between the two IPC databases was also considerable.  
The difference of the comparison result distribution between different databases was also considerable. The three rightmost columns show the percentage distributions of the results of non-prefix field comparisons for all databases. As defined in Section 4.3, the sum of the percentages of set Disjoint and set Conflict indicates the probability of knowing detection results after a single comparison conducted during filter conflict detection. By contrast, the percentage of the set requiring exact comparison indicates the probability of detection results that are uncertain in this stage and require exact comparison. For example, our algorithm reduces the average number of exact comparisons performed for each filter in the ACL2 database from 250.98 to 27.43 (\(250.98\times 10.93\%=27.43\)), which proves that our algorithm features high filtering efficiency. The percentage of confirmed conflict includes the three combinations that will conflict after combined detection is performed.
## 5 Structural Dynamic Deformation Monitoring of Rainbow Bridge
### FEM of the Bridge  
Finite element analysis software--ANSYS 14.5--was selected as the tool used to establish FEM of the Rainbow Bridge, and via this software the bridge's structural dynamic characteristics were evaluated. Figure 9 shows the FEM of Rainbow Bridge. There are 1765 nodes and 2727 elements in this FEM model. The steel pipe, wind brace, crossbeam, stringer, and pier are represented by BEAM44. When considering the plasticity of materials, the BEAM188 element was elected. The link10 and shell63 elements were used to simulate the tie bars and the deck of the bridge, respectively. There were six degrees of freedom (DOF) for every node, including the translational DOF along the \(x\), \(y\), and \(z\) directions and the rotational DOF around the \(x\), \(y\), and \(z\) axes, individually. Table 2 illustrates the relevant parameters for FEM. Finally, we obtained the first six natural frequencies (i.e., 0.1632 Hz, 0.6787 Hz, 0.8171 Hz, 0.8254 Hz, 0.9225 Hz, and 0.9945 Hz) of the structure. The structural mode shapes of the first six orders are shown in Figure 10a-f, which may offer some references for the field monitoring.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline  & **Steel Tube and** & **Concrete Inside** & **Crossbeam** & **Tie Bar** & **Bridge** & **Pier** \\  & **Wind Brace** & **the Steel Tube** & **and Stringer** & **Tie Bar** & **Deck** & **Column** \\ \hline Elasticity modulus (Pa) & \(2.1\times 10^{11}\) & \(3.5\times 10^{10}\) & \(3.0\times 10^{10}\) & \(2.1\times 10^{11}\) & \(2.85\times 10^{10}\) & \(3.3\times 10^{10}\) \\ Density (kg/m\({}^{3}\)) & 7800 & 2600 & 2600 & 7800 & 2500 & 2600 \\ Poisson coefficient & 0.3 & 0.1667 & 0.1667 & 0.3 & 0.1667 & 0.1667 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Parameters for the structural finite element model (FEM).  
Figure 8: **(a)** The arrangement of the GNSS-RTK reference station; **(b)** the arrangement of GNSS-RTK rover stations; and **(c)** the schematic locations of the GNSS-RTK rover stations.
## 4 Discussion and Conclusions  
### Discussion  
In conventional large-scale underground mine stope designs, evaluations of surrounding rock stability or optimizations of pillar parameters typically rely on empirical knowledge or numerical simulation techniques. The present study introduced the application of the complex variable theory to the underground stope design, demonstrating that under specific engineering circumstances, the complex variable method emerges as a more efficient and precise strategy. This method facilitates the derivation of exact solutions, ensuring high accuracy, which marks a departure from the empirical or numerical methods. Complex variable methods delve deeper into understanding the behaviors of stress fields by anchoring solutions in foundational theories. They exhibit high efficacy in navigating the complex boundary conditions frequently encountered in underground mining scenarios. By relying on mathematical theories rather than observational data, these methods significantly reduce errors, thereby enhancing the reliability of the results. Collectively, they furnish a comprehensive and dependable toolkit for resolving stress fields and orchestrating underground mine designs.  
A crucial aspect of employing the complex variable function method to solve underground rock stress issues is the accurate determination of the mapping function for the plane encompassing openings, as it directly impacts the preciseness of the solution outcomes. The triangle interpolation method employed in this study was corroborated to deliver high solution accuracy. In contrast to other methodologies like the Box composite method and various optimization algorithms, it exhibits rapid solution derivation, maintaining high solution accuracy for both symmetric and asymmetric shapes of the openings. The efficacy of this method is exemplified in the mapping function solution for the plane of the straight-wall arch roadway analyzed in this study, where the mapped shape aligns almost impeccably with the actual shape. This precision enables effective evaluation of stress concentration scenarios in such regions.  
While the complex variable function methods present a robust and mathematically rigorous avenue for solving stress fields in underground mining design, they are not devoid of limitations. Primarily, the implementation of the complex variable theory necessitates the creation of computational models and the delineation of boundary conditions, often demanding certain simplifications. In this study, given the superior homogeneity and integrity of the rock mass, it was simplified as a homogeneous elastic material. Nonetheless, in certain underground engineering cases, especially where significant heterogeneity exists or the rock mass contains numerous defects, such simplifications are evidently untenable. The inability to establish a reasonable simplified model hampers the application of theoretical methods to resolve practical engineering challenges.
# Cellular-V2X Communications for Platooning: Design and Evaluation
## 3 Cellular V2X: A Primer
#### V2V Communications: From LTE D2D to C-V2X
This relieves the vehicle of the signaling burden for periodic resource requests and of the wait for resource grants. However, SPS comes with its own inefficiencies, especially when data patterns (e.g., packet size, packet periodicity) may vary, as discussed in [21], e.g., to accommodate different platooning needs.
## 5 Conclusions  
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the ratio of knee flexor and extensor muscles, assessed through various TMG parameters, could serve as a substitute for standard dynamometric measurements of isokinetic peak torque ratios. Most observed correlations were weak and not statistically significant. The only significant, albeit weak to moderate, negative correlations were found between the functional isokinetic knee muscle ratios and TMG-derived contraction time and delay time ratios, indicating some noteworthy inverse relationships between the two assessment methods. There was a weak trend toward stronger associations between TMG ratios derived from temporal parameters and isokinetic torque ratios at higher angular velocities (\(\geq\)180\({}^{\circ}\)/s). Nevertheless, these statistically significant correlations accounted for only 13-21% of the variability in TMG ratios, implying limited physiological and clinical relevance. Given the overall low strength of these associations, we conclude that TMG ratios should not be considered a direct substitute for isokinetic torque ratios in assessing muscular imbalances of the knee muscle groups. Further research with larger sample sizes is necessary to substantiate or challenge these findings. Despite methodological limitations, this experimental study represents a valuable contribution to the ongoing investigation of the relationship between the con tractile properties of involuntary muscle contractions measured by TMG and voluntary activation capacity assessed through isokinetic dynamometry. Conceptualization, A.K. and D.W.; methodology, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; software, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; validation, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; formal analysis, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; investigation, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; resources, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; data curation, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; writing--original draft preparation, D.W. and A.K. ; writing--review and editing, A.K., D.W. and A.H.; visualization, A.K. ; supervision, A.K. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was supported by grants from the Slovenian Research Agency (Research program P3-0043) and the University Medical Centre Ljubljana institutional research funding grants (20190041 and 20200063). The study protocol was approved by the National Medical Ethics Committee of the Republic of Slovenia (No: 0120-382/2020-3) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Ovid Convention. The experiments conducted in this study are in accordance with the applicable laws of the Republic of Slovenia and the EU. All subjects received detailed verbal and written information and agreed to participate voluntarily with their signature. The data presented in this study are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript: