# An Elliptical-Shaped Dual-Band UWB Notch Antenna for Wireless Applications
## 1 Introduction  
A UWB bandwidth is the frequency band bounded by the points that are 10 dB below the highest radiated emission, as based on the complete transmission system including the antenna. The upper boundary is designated \(f_{H}\), and the lower boundary is designated \(f_{L}\). An antenna having a fractional bandwidth equal to or greater than 0.20 or having a UWB bandwidth equal to or greater than 500 MHz, regardless of the fractional bandwidth, is called a UWB antenna. [1; 2]. UWB communication, as the name implies, has a large bandwidth and supports a high transmission rate. Ultrawideband antenna applications have recently expanded to cover many computing devices and IoT peripherals [3]. The bulk of these wireless communication systems make use of a UWB antenna for purposes including but not limited to data transfer, reception, localization, location identification, sensing, and tracking. UWB antenna design varies depending on the communication system's radiation characteristics, and each application necessitates specialized UWB antennas. Due to developments in impulse technology, low-power communication systems, and the availability of unlicensed frequency bands, UWB has emerged as the dominant technique for short-range wireless communication [4]. Due to its inherent properties, UWB technology is well suited for precisely obtaining spatial and directional data, including a high data rate, a broad bandwidth, a reduction in multipath fading, a low cost, and low power consumption [5]. The recent proliferation of wireless communication, wireless portable devices, and smart consumer electronics has increased demand for ultrawideband antenna applications [6]. UWB antenna design research [7; 8; 9; 10] is undertaken to improve UWB communnication systems with new breakthroughs. Moreover, a single UWB antenna may span numerous frequencies, transmission functions, and operation bands. Therefore, their utilization can eliminate the need for many narrowband antennas. The interference caused by several antennas is decreased, and antenna space is conserved. It is crucial to remember that to get the most out of UWB antennas, they must be carefully designed for the individual needs of each system. Narrowband systems such as WiMAX, WLAN, and C-band, among others, cause significant interference to UWB antennas. Strong disruptions, such as background noise, emerge from these interferences [11]. A notch is built in the UWB antenna to eliminate these intense narrowband interferences. Notch is the technique of removing unwanted frequency bands from the UWB spectrum [12]. In the literature, many UWB notch antennas have been recorded. The authors of article [13] suggest a floret antenna for wideband application. A UWB antenna with an arch-shaped ground plane is proposed using Koch fractal on the hexagonal pattern patch [14]. In paper [15], a UWB antenna with a slot-type split-ring resonator and a defective ground plane is proposed to achieve a dual notch. A dual-band notch antenna using sectorial and inverted U-shaped slots over a rectangular patch is reported in the article [16]. Paper [17] presents a fractal dual-band UWB antenna with a C-shaped complementary split-ring resonator on the patch's transmission line to perform dual-notch filtering. A dual-notch band UWB antenna is proposed in the article [18] using C-slot and inverted U-slot. A UWB antenna in [19] uses a split-ring slot to create a dual notch. A wide bandwidth in the UWB range is achieved by altering the rectangular patch. In [20], the authors suggest a notch antenna with two bands. A meandering patch slot and a U-shaped feed slot provide a 3-3.9 and 5.22-5.7 GHz notch band. In [21], the patch's two U-shaped stubs create a 3.0-3.9 GHz and 5.0-5.9 GHz notch band. In this article, an elliptical UWB notch antenna has been designed and fabricated to cover UWB channel 1 to 15, i.e., low band (UWB channels 1 to 4) and high band (UWB channels 5 to 15).