## 5 Materials and Methods
### Suggested Empirical Correlation for \(V_{s}\)-Spt(N)  
According to the grain-size analysis data (Table 1) for the samples taken from the study area, 83.6% of the samples are coarse-grained and, on average, 85.3% of the coarse-grained alluvial soil is sandy soil. Considering that the Canakkale residential area is predominantly located on sandy alluvial soil, the relationship between the \(\rm V_{s}\) value of sandy alluvial soil and SPT-N was investigated in this study (Table 2). When creating correlations, a simple regression analysis was performed using the existing data. The equation and correlation coefficient (r) obtained between the \(\rm V_{s}\) (m/s) and SPT-N values for the sandy alluvial soil in the study area are as follows:  
\[V_{s}=59N^{0.42}\left(\rm R^{2}=0.451-r=0.67\right)\,\rm sandy alluvial\,soil \tag{2}\]  
Figure 5: The borehole and seismic refraction locations used in the empirical correlations.  
Equation (2) was also compared with the correlations suggested for sandy soils in previous studies (Figure 7).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**V\({}_{\text{s}}\) (m/s) vs. SPT-N**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**V\({}_{\text{s}}\) (m/s) vs. SPT-N\({}_{60}\)**} \\ \cline{2-3} \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Author(s)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Sandy Soils**} \\ \hline [PERSON] [43] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=32\)N\({}^{0.5}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [44] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=87\)N\({}^{0.36}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [21] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=59.4\)N\({}^{0.47}\) & - \\ [PERSON] [22] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=80.6\)N\({}^{0.331}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [23] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=88\)N\({}^{0.34}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [47] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=56.4\)N\({}^{0.5}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [27] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=100.5\)N\({}^{0.29}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [48] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=152+5.1\)N\({}^{0.27}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [50] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=125\)N\({}^{0.3}\) & - \\ [PERSON] [51] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=57\)N\({}^{0.49}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [25] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=162\)N\({}^{0.17}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [26] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=100\)N\({}^{0.24}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [54] & - & V\({}_{\text{s}}=145\)(N\({}_{60}\))\({}^{0.178}\) \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [29] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=90.82\)N\({}^{0.319}\) & V\({}_{\text{s}}=131\)(N\({}_{60}\))\({}^{0.205}\) \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [31] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=79\)N\({}^{0.434}\) & - \\ [PERSON] [32] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=73\)N\({}^{0.33}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [1] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=100.53\)N\({}^{0.265}\) & V\({}_{\text{s}}=96.29\)(N\({}_{60}\))\({}^{0.266}\) \\ [PERSON] et al. [33] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=38.55\)N\({}^{0.176}\)\({}^{2.481}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [2] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=54.82\)N\({}^{0.5255}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [3] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=107.2\)N\({}^{0.34}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [5] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=100.3\)N\({}^{0.338}\) & - \\ [PERSON] and [PERSON] [6] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=79.217\)N\({}^{0.3699}\) & - \\ [PERSON] et al. [7] & V\({}_{\text{s}}=135.52\)N\({}^{0.415}\) & V\({}_{\text{s}}=69.18\)(N\({}_{60}\))\({}^{0.506}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} The correlation for sandy alluvial soils in this study is plotted in Figure 6.  
\end{table}
Table 2: Some empirical correlations based on V\({}_{\text{s}}\) vs. SPT-N and V\({}_{\text{s}}\) vs. SPT-N\({}_{60}\).  
Figure 6: Correlations between V\({}_{\text{s}}\) and SPT-N for sandy alluvial soil.