## Materials and Methods
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Major Soil** & **Description** & **Soil Movement** & **WRB Classification** \\
**Group Type** & & **Potential** & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Brown soils} & Widespread soils with predominantly brownish or & \multirow{3}{*}{Moderate-High} & \multirow{3}{*}{Arenosols Cambiosis} \\  & reddish sub surface. They have no gleying above 40 cm depth and are mainly associated with agriculture & & \\  & land use. & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Ground-water} & Soils normally developed over permeable materials & \multirow{3}{*}{High} & \multirow{3}{*}{Gleysols} \\  & which appear uniformly gleyed. These soils are subject to & & \\  & periodic waterlogging by fluctuating groundwater-tables. & & \\ \hline Lithomorphic & \multirow{3}{*}{Often shallow soils which have been formed over} & \multirow{3}{*}{Moderate-Low} & \multirow{3}{*}{Arenosols Histosols Leptosos Phaeozems} \\ soils & bedrock, or soft unconsolidated material at 30 cm depth. & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Pelosols} & Slowly permeable clay soils with no gleyed subsurface & \multirow{3}{*}{Moderate-High} & \multirow{3}{*}{Cambisols Lvivols} \\  & horizon above 40 cm depth. These soils can show & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & significant desiccation in dry seasons. & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Podzolic soils} & Soils usually formed as a result of acid weathering & \multirow{3}{*}{Moderate-Low} & \multirow{3}{*}{Podzols Umbrisols} \\  & conditions, and have an unincorporated acid layer at & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & their surface. & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Surface-water & Seasonally waterlogged, and slowly permeable soils, & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gley soils which appear predominantly mottled above 40 cm depth. & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Short descriptions of the major soil groups discussed in this study along with their associated classification in the World Reference Base (WRB). an area of high coherence, excepting natural erosion and deposition. The PSI processing over Meldon Quarry was undertaken with an identical model set up as for the 6 other test sites, so direct comparison upon the reliability of the results could be determined. In total, six sites were selected for this study, separated into two distinct study areas, see Figure 1 and Table 3. The prevailing climate across all sites is classified as temperate oceanic, with all areas receiving regular precipitation events throughout the year. Sites situated in the West of England receive on average 195 mm more precipitation annually than sites in Eastern England. Of the six sites, Bournemouth receives the highest annual precipitation of 835 mm, whilst Grantham receives the least (608 mm). Temperature ranges exhibit very little variation between all six sites, with typical maximum average summer temperatures of \(\sim\)21 \({}^{\circ}\)C and minimum average winter temperatures of \(\sim\)1 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Bournemouth receives the highest range in monthly total precipitation from 47.8 mm in July to 100.7 mm in December. Grantham receives its highest monthly precipitation October--59.3 mm--and its lowest--36.8 mm--in February. Bristol and Bath show similar precipitation trends to Bournemouth, whilst Kings Lynn and Peterborough show similar trends to Grantham. Due to the seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation all study sites have annual profiles of soil moisture which gives rise to the conditions required for the shrinking and swelling of clay soils. Moreover, soils which are prone to seasonal waterlogging (i.e., Ground-water Gley soils, Brown soils, Pelosols and Surface-water Gley soils) may also show shrink and swell cycles in accordance to available soil moisture. In situ soil moisture data was obtained from two representative meteorological stations (data provided by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology).