# Determining the Best Dressing Parameters for External Cylindrical Grinding Using MABAC Method
## 1 Introduction  
As technology advances, machining processes must meet ever-increasing demands for mechanical product quality and productivity. Grinding is a type of machining that uses hard abrasive particles as the cutting medium. It is often the key to achieving the required quality [1], so it is widely used for finishing and semi-finishing machine parts. It accounts for approximately 20 to 25 percent of the total industry spent on mechanical parts [2]. In practice, the grinding wheel wears while working, affecting the process's quality and productivity. As a result, the dressing process is required to ensure the grinding wheel's original specification. The dressing process impacts the profile, topography, and wear behavior of the grinding wheel. Therefore, it has a significant influence on the grinding process's efficiency and accuracy. For those reasons, researchers are always interested in improving the quality and productivity of grinding process as well as determining the best grinding mode. [PERSON] et al. [3] conducted a study to identify appropriate dressing strategies for dressing in internal cylindrical grinding. In this study, two different types of wheels, including CBN (cubic boron nitride) and corundum wheels, and three separate dressing rollers, including an electroplated, a vitrified bond form roller, and a cup-dresser were used. [PERSON] et al. [4] used kinematic simulations to predict surface roughness in grinding. Three different abrasive grain shapes (sphere, truncated cone, and cone) and a single-point diamond dressing model were investigated in their study. In addition, the proposed surface roughness model was experimentally validated with a difference of 7-11 percent. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [5] investigated the mechanisms resulting in the formation of grinding wheel topography by dressing. The effect of kinematical dressing factors on wheel wear behavior has been computed in this work. [PERSON] et al. [6] discussed the dressing and truing of hybrid bonded (metal-vitrified) CBN grinding wheels using a short-pulsed fiber laser. Several studies have been conducted to determine the optimum dressing mode. Optimal dressing parameters have been suggested for cylindrical grinding [7; 8; 9], surface grinding [10; 11; 12], and internal grinding [13; 14]. [PERSON] et al. [15] proposed the following dressing mode for external grinding to achieve the surface roughness Ra = 0.32-1.25 (\(\upmu\)m); a longitudinal feed rate of 0.4 (m/min); dressing four passes with a dressing depth of 0.03 (mm); and four passes non-feeding dressing. Difficult-to-cut materials are becoming more popular as materials engineering advances. According to their application fields, difficult-to-cut materials are required to go through the grinding process. However, due to the complexity of the grinding process, several challenges are encountered while grinding these materials. These difficulties can be mitigated by employing effective lubricating techniques and selecting appropriate process parameters. Furthermore, a proper wheel dressing mode guarantees a reduction in these challenges during the grinding operation. As a result, many researchers are interested in grinding these materials. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] conducted an experimental study of grinding Ti-6 Al-4V using an alumina wheel. In their study, the simple and inexpensive RQL (restricted quantity lubrication) technique was shown to be significantly efficient in expanding Ti-6 Al-4V grindability than both dry and flood cooling. It also greatly reduces coolant consumption when compared to flood cooling. [PERSON] et al. [17] noted that using grinding fluid via the SQL (small quantity cooling and lubrication) technique results in better grinding results. In this study, alkaline soap water is discovered to be more efficient than conventional grinding fluid in the grinding of titanium alloy Ti-6 Al-4V. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [18] introduced an economical and environmentally friendly drop by drop delivery technique for improving the grindability of Ti-6 Al-4V.