# The Trends and Content of Research Related to the Sustainable Development Goals: A Systemic Review
## 3 Results and Discussions
### Work of the Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering Technique
These categories of research have been conducted for decades before SDGs were introduced. Thus, Group 3 seems to be more distant from Group 1 when compared with Group 2. Figure 5 is another demonstration of the clusters and groups showing their \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Cluster No.** & **Number of Citations** & **Most Cited Papers** & **Name of the Cluster** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{5} & \multirow{4}{*}{40} & [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [PERSON] Do institutional investors drive corporate transparency regarding business contribution to the sustainable development goals? _Bus. Strategy Environ._ 2020, 29, 2019-2036. [98] & Business and institution \\  & & [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] [PERSON], [PERSON] [PERSON], and [PERSON], [PERSON] “Sell” recommendations by analysts in response to business communication strategies concerning the Sustainable Development Goals and the SDG compass. _J. Clean. Prod._ 2020, _255_, 120194. [99] & Business and institution \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{6} & \multirow{4}{*}{62} & [PERSON] and [PERSON] Income-based variation in Sustainable Development Goal interaction networks. _Nat. Sustain._ 2019, \(2\), 242-247. [100] & \\  & & [PERSON] SDG interlinkage networks: Analysis, robustness, sensitivities, and hierarchies. _World Dev._ 2022, _149_, 1056093. [101] & Income and networking \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{7} & \multirow{4}{*}{21} & [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] The UN’s sustainable development goals: can multinational enterprises lead the decade of action? _J. Int. Bus. Policy_ 2021, \(4\), 1-21. [102] & Cooperation and resilient transformation \\  & & [PERSON] and [PERSON] Beyond COVID-19: Applying “SDG logics” for resilient transformations. _J. Int. Bus. Policy_ 2020, \(3\), 451-464. [103] & Cooperation and resilient transformation \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{8} & \multirow{4}{*}{26} & [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] Validating citizen science monitoring of ambient water quality for the United Nations sustainable development goals. _Sci. Total Environ._ 2020, _699_, 134255. [104] & Water and citizen science \\  & & [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] Applying citizen science monitor for the Sustainable Development Goal Indicator 6.3. 2: a review. _Environ. Monit. Assess._ 2020, _192_, 1-11. [105] & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Cont. names, relative sizes (number of papers), and distances between them. This theme map may present a whole picture regarding the in excess of 1000 papers captured through HAC in CATAR, plus be potentially helpful for an experienced researcher to understand their position and a newcomer to grasp possible research strategies. [PERSON] _Content Analysis of the SDG-Related Review Articles_  
Each of the 92 review papers searched from WOS was read and marked by a group of graduate students and then confirmed by the authors. The first question of interest was what the corresponding SDGs in the SDG-related review papers were. A special point would be marked if only one SDG was studied in the paper. Otherwise, a general point would be marked for each of the SDGs examined. The results, as shown in Figure 6, demonstrated that SDG 3 (good health and well-being) was the SDG studied alone in most papers, followed by SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG 7 (affordable and clean energy), and SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production). There was no single review paper  
Figure 4: Theme map derived by the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) technique. Figure 5: Theme map demonstrating the names and relative sizes of the clusters and groups, as well as the distances between them. just for SDG 5 (gender equality) or SDG 10 (reduced inequalities). This indicated that those social issues directly connected to people's daily lives, such as health, water, energy, consumption, and production, caught more researchers' attention and were thus explored as an SDG-related review paper.