## 4 Experimental Results and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Visibility Coefficient**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.3**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.5**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.7**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** \\  & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** \\ \hline Baboon\_hazed image1 & 0.18 & 0.32 & 0.29 & 0.53 & 0.40 & 0.74 \\ Baboon\_hazed image2 & 0.19 & 0.33 & 0.30 & 0.53 & 0.40 & 0.74 \\ Lenna\_hazed image1 & 0.15 & 0.34 & 0.25 & 0.54 & 0.35 & 0.76 \\ Lenna\_hazed image2 & 0.16 & 0.34 & 0.24 & 0.55 & 0.34 & 0.76 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image3 & 0.20 & 0.27 & 0.33 & 0.42 & 0.46 & 0.59 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image4 & 0.20 & 0.27 & 0.33 & 0.44 & 0.46 & 0.59 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image3 & 0.19 & 0.34 & 0.30 & 0.56 & 0.42 & 0.79 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image4 & 0.19 & 0.34 & 0.31 & 0.56 & 0.42 & 0.79 \\ AVE & 0.18 & 0.32 & 0.29 & 0.52 & 0.41 & 0.72 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Estimation results of visibility coefficient. Figure 10: Experimental results with visibility coefficient estimation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Visibility Coefficient**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.3**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.5**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.7**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** \\  & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** \\ \hline Baboon\_hazed image1 & 17.82 & 21.06 & 17.96 & 23.10 & 17.86 & 26.10 \\ Baboon\_hazed image2 & 18.33 & 21.72 & 18.14 & 23.66 & 17.95 & 26.50 \\ Lenna\_hazed image1 & 16.96 & 21.66 & 16.64 & 24.44 & 16.59 & 27.64 \\ Lenna\_hazed image2 & 16.75 & 22.43 & 15.96 & 24.98 & 16.21 & 28.20 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image3 & 16.73 & 17.15 & 17.56 & 18.20 & 18.17 & 19.26 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image4 & 16.60 & 17.20 & 17.24 & 18.04 & 17.89 & 18.96 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image3 & 15.69 & 16.01 & 16.08 & 16.89 & 16.45 & 17.92 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image4 & 15.79 & 16.30 & 16.02 & 17.09 & 16.35 & 18.04 \\ \hline AVE & 16.83 & 19.19 & 16.95 & 20.80 & 17.18 & 22.83 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: PSNR results with visibility coefficient estimation. images in EIA was 17 \(\times\) 17, and each elemental image consisted of either 150 \(\times\) 150 pixels or 300 \(\times\) 300 pixels. The distances between the virtual pinhole array and the objects were \(z\) mm and 2z mm, respectively. Here, a moving average filter was employed as the low-pass filter, with a filter size of 131 \(\times\) 131. Tables 4 and 5 show the PSNR results and the SSIM results, respectively. The PSNR results reveal that the proposed method provided an average improvement of 1.45 dB over the standard CIIR method and 4.37 dB over the previous CIIR method. Furthermore, the SSIM results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over existing approaches. Figure 11: Simulator for EIA generation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Visibility Coefficient**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.3**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.5**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**0.7**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** & **Inaccurate** & **Proposed** \\  & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** & **Alpha** & **Method** \\ \hline Baboon\_hazed image1 & 0.84 & 0.93 & 0.86 & 0.97 & 0.86 & 0.99 \\ Baboon\_hazed image2 & 0.88 & 0.96 & 0.87 & 0.98 & 0.86 & 0.99 \\ Lenna\_hazed image1 & 0.85 & 0.93 & 0.84 & 0.98 & 0.83 & 0.99 \\ Lenna\_hazed image2 & 0.84 & 0.97 & 0.81 & 0.99 & 0.82 & 0.99 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image3 & 0.69 & 0.71 & 0.85 & 0.89 & 0.88 & 0.94 \\ Kodim22\_hazed image4 & 0.76 & 0.83 & 0.85 & 0.91 & 0.87 & 0.94 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image3 & 0.68 & 0.69 & 0.81 & 0.86 & 0.83 & 0.92 \\ Kodim23\_hazed image4 & 0.77 & 0.86 & 0.81 & 0.91 & 0.82 & 0.93 \\ \hline AVE & 0.79 & 0.86 & 0.84 & 0.94 & 0.85 & 0.96 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: SSIM results with visibility coefficient estimation.