## 3 Results
### Results per Canal Section  
The results show that the coronal section is best filled with 85% gutta-percha, followed by the middle section with 82%, and the apical section with 79%. The middle section had the highest percentage of voids with 1.46%. Statistical analysis of the results shows no significant differences between the three systems with regard to PGFAs, PSFAs, and PUAs, neither in the apical section (\(p=0.193\), \(p=0.091\), and \(p=0.133\), respectively), nor in the  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Configuration** & **Area** & **File System** & **n** & **Mean (\%)** & **SD** & **Variance Analysis (\(p\)) \({}^{*}\)** \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{CV} & \multirow{5}{*}{PGFA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 78.9 & 10.6 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.404} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 81.8 & 9.69 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.170} \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 82.6 & 6.90 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.170} \\  & & Total & 90 & 81.1 & 9.23 & \\ \cline{2-6} \multirow{5}{*}{CV} & \multirow{5}{*}{PSFA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 20.1 & 9.28 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.18} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 17.6 & 9.34 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.128} \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 15.4 & 5.50 & \\  & & Total & 90 & 17.7 & 8.37 & \\ \cline{2-6} \multirow{5}{*}{CV} & \multirow{5}{*}{PUA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 0.98 & 3.23 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.170} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 0.56 & 1.53 & \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 2.01 & 3.72 & \\  & & Total & 90 & 1.19 & 3.00 & \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{PGFA} & \multirow{5}{*}{PGFA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 81.7 & 7.03 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.334} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 82.6 & 9.61 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.133} \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 84.3 & 3.98 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Total & 90 & 82.9 & 7.24 & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6} \multirow{5}{*}{Straight} & \multirow{5}{*}{PSFA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 17.8 & 7.29 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.189} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 16.1 & 8.65 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.189} \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 14.9 & 4.23 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Total & 90 & 16.2 & 7.00 & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6} \multirow{5}{*}{PUA} & WaveOne® Gold & 30 & 0.55 & 1.08 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.18} \\  & & \multirow{2}{*}{Procdile®} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & 1.31 & 2.43 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.477} \\  & & Reciproc® blue & 30 & 0.90 & 1.50 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Total & 90 & 0.92 & 1.77 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Pooled results and comparison of PGFA, PSFA, and PUA between curved and straight canals (\({}^{*}\) Mann–Whitney U-Test).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & **n** & **Mean (\%)** & **SD** & **Variance Analysis (\(p\)) \({}^{*}\)** \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{PGFA} & curved & 90 & 81.1 & 9.23 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.358} \\  & straight & 90 & 82.9 & 7.24 & \\  & Total & 180 & 82.0 & 8.32 & \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{PSFA} & curved & 90 & 17.7 & 8.37 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.345} \\  & straight & 90 & 16.2 & 7.00 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Total & 180 & 17.0 & 7.73 & \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{PUA} & curved & 90 & 1.19 & 3.01 & \multirow{5}{*}{0.309} \\  & straight & 90 & 0.92 & 1.77 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Total & 180 & 1.05 & 2.46 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: One-way ANOVA to compare the three systems in straight and curved channels (\({}^{*}\) Kruskal–Wallis Test).  
middle section (\(p\) = 0.400, \(p\) = 0.85, and \(p\) = 0.223, respectively), nor coronally (\(p\) = 0.758, \(p\) = 0.840, and \(p\) = 0.513, respectively, Table 4).