# Synergies and Potential of Industry 4.0 and Automated Vehicles in Smart City Infrastructure
## 3 Results
### The Difference between Automated and Autonomous Vehicles
An automated vehicle can be understood as a motor vehicle, whether a car, truck, or bus, that has technology available to assist the driver so that elements of the driving task can be transferred to a computer system. On the other hand, an autonomous vehicle is a fully automated vehicle equipped with technologies capable of performing all driving functions without any human intervention. It is also important to specify a connected vehicle, which is a vehicle that is connected to a network or a motor vehicle that is equipped with devices to communicate with other vehicles or infrastructure via the Internet [27]. In addition to the above definition, it can also be found in General Security Regulation (EU) 2019/2144. The Regulation defines an automated vehicle as \"a motor vehicle designed and constructed to be able to move autonomously for a certain period of time without the continuous supervision of the driver, but where the intervention of the driver is always foreseen or required\". It defines a fully automated vehicle as \"a motor vehicle designed and constructed to be able to move without the supervision of a driver\". It should be noted that it will be important for cybersecurity to define which vehicles are subject to potential threats and also what cybersecurity is and what its subjects and objects are [28]. Act No. 429/2022 Coll. amending and supplementing certain acts in connection with the development of automated vehicles is also a major contribution to the issue. For the purposes of this Act, the term automated vehicle is understood to mean both an automated vehicle as defined in the aforementioned Regulation and \"another motor vehicle designed and constructed to be able to move independently for a certain period of time without the continuous supervision of the driver, but where driver intervention is assumed or required\". A fully automated vehicle, on the other hand, is again considered by law to be a fully automated vehicle as defined by the regulation or \"another motor vehicle designed and constructed to be capable of autonomous movement\". However, the main essence of automated vehicles and fully automated vehicles is to be an automated driving system (\"ADS\"), which the Act also defines as \"a vehicle control system that uses hardware and software to provide dynamic control of the vehicle on a continuous basis\" [29]. It is also necessary to define in which parts of automated vehicles artificial intelligence is located or in which segments of autonomous driving it is actually used. If we focus on the sources from which artificial intelligence will draw its inputs in automated vehicles and autonomous driving, we are talking about multiple cameras placed in different places in the car, radars that emit electromagnetic waves and detect their reflection from an object capable of reflecting these waves, lidars, or devices with a sensor or group of sensors that are capable of mapping nearby or distant objects and surfaces. Among other things, artificial intelligence also has the ability to draw data from GPS or other global positioning systems. Based on the above inputs, the AI can then perform several types of tasks that are tied to the aforementioned sensors or share this information with smart cities [30].