## 4 Results  
### Benthic Foraminifera and Dissolution Proxies  
All samples except T161 (barren) contained benthic foraminiferal specimens. Additionally, samples T137, T168.1, T169, and T197 showed a limited number of specimens and were therefore discarded from statistical analyses. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages are commonly highly diversified and well preserved throughout the studied interval, though the preservation state in the 160-180 m interval is lower. The FI (17.5, on average) ranged from 9 to 31% with the relatively higher values in the interval spanning 167 to 174 m (Figure 3). The P/B ratio (81%, on average) varied from 25 to 94.5%. Relatively lower P/B values were found in the interval between 168 and 173 m (Figure 3, Table S1). Specie richness (55.8, on average) varied from 30 to 83 with relatively lower values in the 163-174 m interval (Figure 3, Table S1). Similarly, H' (3.46, on average) and the Fischer \(\alpha\) index (64.4, on average) approximately exhibited lower values in the same interval (Figure 3, Table S1). A total of 200 benthic foraminiferal species belonging to 94 genera were recognized. The most abundant genera (Table 1) were _Anomalinoides_, _Bathysiphon_, _Bulimina_, _Cibicidoides_, _Gyroidinoides_, _Lagena_, _Lencticulina_, _Nodosaria_, _Nuttallides_, _Oridorsalis_, _Osangularia_, and _Uvigerina_. The most abundant species and their mean and maximum percentages are reported in Table 1.  
The 155-172 m interval revealed the highest percentages of bi-triserial forms (Figure 4). The relative abundance of _Bulimina_ cumulative showed some fluctuations with the lowest values in the 171.2-178 m and 185-191 m intervals (Figure 4, Table S1). _Bulimina alazanensis_ sporadically occurred in some samples, mostly within 166-168 m interval (Figure 4, Table S1). The 164-171 m and 181-185.5 m intervals were characterized by higher relative abundance of _Uvigerina_ cumulative (Figure 4, Table S1). The relative abundance of _Cibicidoides_ exhibited a clear increase trend from the base of the studied interval up to 175 m, then showed relatively low values from 175 to 195 m (Figure 4, Table S1). The interval from 167 to 174 m was characterized by peaks in abundance of _Globobulinina_ (Figure 4, Table S1). _Oridorsalis unbonatus_ was substantially absent in the lower part of the studied interval but increased in its abundance from 166 m and, particularly in the 173-181 m interval (Figure 4, Table S1). The cumulative abundance of _Nuttalides_ exhibited \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Most Abundant Genera** & **Most Abundant Species** & **Average (\%)** & **Maximum (\%)** \\ \hline _Anomalinoides_ & _Anomalinoides alazanensis_ & 1.5 & 16.5 \\ _Anomalinoides spissiformis_ & 2.0 & 6.9 \\ _Asterigerina fimbrata_ & 2.6 & 25.4 \\ _Bathysiphon_ & _Bathysiphon_ sp. & 3.7 & 34.3 \\ _Bulimina_ & _Cibicidoides hadjibulakensis_ & 5.0 & 17.2 \\ _Epoñales plummerae_ & 3.2 & 13.2 \\ _Gaudryina_ sp. & 2.8 & 10.7 \\ _Glomogirna charoides_ & 1.8 & 10 \\ _Gyroidinoides_ & _Gyroidinoides complanatus_ & 1.8 & 3.8 \\ _Hanzawaia ammophila_ & 2.7 & 12.4 \\ _Lagena_ & _Lagena_ sp. & 1.5 & 7.7 \\ _Laeviidentalina gracilis_ & 1.9 & 6.6 \\ _Lentiiculina_ & _Lentiiculina cultrate_ & 2.8 & 10.7 \\ _Lenticulina turbinata_ & 1.6 & 6.0 \\ _Nodosaria_ & _Nodosaria longiscata_ & 2.1 & 17.3 \\ _Nuttallides_ & _Nuttallides truempyi_ & 5.0 & 17.1 \\ _Oridorsalis_ & _Oridorsalis unbonatus_ & 3.5 & 15.8 \\ _Osangularia_ & _Osangularia plummerae_ & 2.1 & 22.7 \\ _Uvigerina_ & _Uvigerina ripensis_ & 3.1 & 18.3 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Most abundant benthic foraminiferal genera and species from the Baskil section. Figure 3: Indices of carbonate dissolution and benthic foraminiferal assemblage’s parameters from the Baskil section.