## 2 Materials and Methodology
A flowchart describing the workflow methodology to establish the hydraulic conductivities zones of the LBD area is shown in Figure 4.  
Lab Data: Based on the similarities and/or slight differences between the values of Klab followed by the 2-directional geological distribution, zones comprising equal values were formulated for an aquifer. By taking the geometric mean of the values computed of samples representing different depths, a single value of a test hole is assigned. If the difference between the hydraulic conductivity values computed in a laboratory for test holes is less or equal to 1 \(\times\) 10 \({}^{-7}\) m/s, then that group of values has been assigned a zone. If the difference is more than 1 \(\times\) 10 \({}^{-7}\) m/s, then that cluster of values is assigned a new zone and so on. The zonation of aquifer Klab is shown in Figure 5.  
A similar methodology is used for the conductivities of pumping test analysis that leads to the generation of different zones having a single value of Kpump as shown in Figure 6. The difference between the Klab and Kpump was obtained and added this difference (Kdiff) to the individual laboratory conductivities, previously evaluated, and on this basis, new conductivities were obtained for the model termed \"Kmodel\". The zones are made for the Kmodel values for the aquifer are shown in \[\mathrm{R}\propto\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}\cdots\mathrm{or}\cdots\mathrm{R }=\mathrm{K}\times(\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}) \tag{1}\]0  
To establish an equal distribution and/or weight of conductivity values, the Kmodel around the water wells and Thiessen Polygon Method [71] were used. This method has been globally used in meteorology and hydrology for guessing areas from point observations [72]. This technique [73] was also utilized for estimating hydraulic conductivity in the surrounding area (Thal Doab) by developing various zone to model the subsurface aquifer. This methodology is applied in the present study by replacing point observation into a water well where the pumping test is performed, a polygon is developed around the well and hydraulic conductivity is estimated within that polygon. The study area was divided into 17 polygons. The number of conductivity values that fall within each polygon was increased by the Kdiff obtained from the conductivities of Klab and Kpump at the test hole location. The area lies on the boundary of polygons and was assigned a single value by taking the geometric mean of the values of those polygons established around water wells are unique representations of their kind. The methodology for obtaining the final value of conductivity (K) (Geometric Mean of K\({}_{\text{model}}\) values) and its distribution using polygons are shown in Table 3 and \[\mathrm{R}\propto\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}\cdots\mathrm{or}\cdots\mathrm{R }=\mathrm{K}\times(\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}) \tag{1}\]1 The final computed values of hydraulic conductivities estimated by using this technique ranging from 4 m per day to 85 m per day are in close agreement with already computed values calculated by [PERSON] and [PERSON] in 2016 [58] of the area that falls within the Lower Bari Doab. They used Aquifer Test Pro software for the aquifer system by using a pumping test for 7 wells and estimated the hydraulic values ranging from 15.9 to 60.9 m per day. In addition, the results of the electrical resistivity survey showed that sand is the dominant subsurface lithology (Table 2). The values of hydraulic conductivities of the interpreted lithology closely matched with the values available in the literature [74; 75; 76]. Similarly, the other properties like porosity and transmissivity computed with the help of mathematical relation by using the current refined values of hydraulic conductivities are fall within the range of published literature. \[\mathrm{R}\propto\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}\cdots\mathrm{or}\cdots\mathrm{R }=\mathrm{K}\times(\Delta\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{I}) \tag{1}\]2 Workflow to establish the hydraulic conductivities zones and estimate the other hydraulic properties.