# A UML Activity Flow Graph-Based Regression Testing Approach
###### Abstract
in [2] presented a technique called FLiRTS (Fuzzy Logic-based Regression Testing System) in their work, which is based on UML models. The proposed technique involves the automatic refinement of abstract UML models to create comprehensive models that can identify traceability relationships. The process of refinement involves some degree of uncertainty, which is addressed by using fuzzy logic. The technique classifies test cases as retestable based on the probabilistic correctness associated with the employed refinement. The authors demonstrated the potential of FLiRTS with a simple case study. The technique has the potential to be useful in the development of more efficient and effective regression testing systems. In the paper [3], [PERSON] and [PERSON] proposed a new test case prioritization (TCP) method called AVM, which is based on an alternating variable approach, model-based development, and mutation testing. The method involves using various mutation operators as automatic seeding for mutation generation in UML statecharts. The AVM method was compared with conventional TCP approaches such as a greedy algorithm for code coverage or fault exposure potential. The effectiveness of the AVM method was evaluated using the average percentage of fault detection (APFD) as a metric. The authors also performed empirical research to generate model-based TCP results for three real-world challenges in the automobile industry: a power window switch module, a body control module, and a passive entry and start system. The detection of changes in both syntax and semantics is essential. [PERSON] et al. [4] have proposed a method that combines UML class diagrams, use cases, and activity diagrams to identify these changes. By comparing the UML models of the original and updated code, the method achieves better change detection and enables more effective test case creation. In addition, the method reduces the average time required for regression testing by employing mobile agents to distribute the testing workload. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [5], presented a design and code-based technique with an evolutionary approach for selecting the most suitable test cases from the test suite. The technique involves using the dependency graph for an intermediate representation of the object-oriented program to identify changes. The selection of test cases is performed at the design level using the UML model. [PERSON] et al. [6], proposed a method using universal UML to handle various graphical model modifications. To obtain a modified UML graphics module structure, regression testing is required, which is determined by domain of influence analysis on the impact of UML modifications on the generated range of graphical model test cases. In [7] [PERSON] et al. examined the creation of test cases for online applications and found a lack of real tools for test case generation. They highlighted the need for an automated regression testing tool to generate test cases directly from user requirements, which would reduce overall effort and cost. [PERSON] et al. proposed an automated model for defining a system's behavior using non-deterministic automata (NFA) and a formal model based on discrete mathematical ideas created using the Vienna Development Method (VDM-SL) to verify the reliability, accuracy, and effectiveness of the E-health system while reducing maintenance and testing costs [8]. According to [PERSON] et al. [9], no common diagrammatic language is used to create improved health service systems based on the academic literature. [PERSON] et al. focused on utilizing UML models, such as use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence charts, and cooperation diagrams, to meet the daily needs of patient visits and inpatient drug management [10]. [PERSON] et al.