# BIM-GIS-Based Approach for Quality Management Aligned with ISO 9001
## 1 Introduction  
In the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, quality can be understood as the characteristics related to fulfilling requirements and customer satisfaction [1]. On the other hand, quality management is a fundamental aspect that guarantees the delivery of high-quality, safe, and functional construction projects [2]. It aims to ensure that the products or services meet or exceed the customer's requirements and expectations, ensuring compliance with current regulations and the technical specifications of the project [3]. Building projects are characterized by many activities running in parallel, many stakeholders, and high budgets [4]. This highlights the importance of having a good Quality Management System (QMS) [5]. Conventional methods used for quality management arecharacterized by paper-based collection and recording of data, together with storing and managing information on platforms without access to all stakeholders [6]. This often results in redundancies, subjective control, lack of efficiency, and information fragmentation that does not allow stakeholders to have a clearly defined quality management process [7; 8]. Consequently, the probability of quality errors could increase, causing enormous associated costs, amounting to up to 25% of the total project cost [9]. The industry has adopted some strategies to improve QMS, such as Total Quality Management (TQM) [10], Lean Construction [11], Six Sigma [12], Statistical Process Control (SPC) [13], and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) [14]. On the other hand, standards have been developed to promote the development of a QMS, including pathways for certification. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), through the ISO 9001:2015 standard, provides a framework for organizations to implement and maintain effective quality management practices [15]. It is based on compliance with seven principles: customer focus, leadership, people involvement, process approach, continual improvement, factual approach to decision-making, and relationship management [16]. It is one of the most widespread quality standards in the construction sector [17], with an increasing number of companies seeking certification, since these standards guarantee a good QMS [18]. One of the most widely used methodologies in construction project management is Building Information Modeling (BIM) [19]. BIM is characterized by offering a collaborative approach that consists of the use of a multidimensional parametric model throughout the entire project life cycle [20]. Its use improves how project quality information is managed, as it has the potential to enhance stakeholder collaboration [21]. Despite its potential, BIM has seen limited application in project quality management, showing uses at the design stage to avoid quality defects in later phases [22]. On the other hand, the implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools allows the management of geospatial information of the elements that make up the structure, as well as the resources involved in its execution [23]. Specifically, during the construction stage, this geo-referencing capability has been used to identify hazardous areas, plan safe routes, as well as optimize the logistics of delivery of materials and equipment, providing quality management data such as reports, photographic records and drawings, and all quality-related activities and decisions that can be managed in an accurate way [24]. The use of GIS in conjunction with BIM can be quite helpful for recording data related to quality during construction [25; 26]. Although BIM and GIS have individually demonstrated potential in enhancing various aspects of construction management [27], their combined application for quality management has been mostly limited to infrastructure and prefabrication contexts. For example, [PERSON] et al. [28] developed a BIM-GIS framework for pavement construction quality evaluation, while [PERSON] et al. [4] used both tools to study carbon emissions in prefabricated concrete panels.