# Logistics Service Provider Lifecycle Model in Industry 4.0: A Review
## 4 Concept of Logistic Service Provider Lifecycle Model (LSLM)
### The Beginning of Life (BOL) Phase
#### Sub-Criteria of Design Strategic Positioning to Support Customer Requirements  
This sub-criteria phase of strategic design positioning emphasizes innovation services relying on customer needs from the sub-criteria phase of identifying customer requirements and improving new services [25; 71]. The data analysis and evaluation of new services influence R&D, and the development and operation team choose the appropriate way to conduct a new service innovation to fulfil customer satisfaction [49; 63; 72; 73]. This phase applies sale logistics research, marketing trend customer requirements, and after-sales history from client complaints and suggestions about old products to execute new innovative productsand services [51; 65; 67]. PSS, PLM, and SLM only concern products or services and maintain the lifecycle of innovative products and services [50; 64; 74; 75]. PSS will be maintained in creatively designing products and services to find the best way to support customer needs [8; 25; 76; 77; 78]. PLM is adopted and implemented for evaluation throughout the whole lifecycle of logistics services for responding to customer satisfaction [79; 80]. Many methodologies will be evaluated and classified to create and develop new services and products, namely, QFD, TRIZ, GA, ANN, modeling techniques, MCDM techniques, and fuzzy techniques [58; 67; 74; 81]. Design techniques usually transform qualitative to quantitative [82]. Logistics services have a complexity of operations and supply chains, with a variety of services to execute customer requirements, for example, transportation, warehouse and distribution, shipping, and online delivery [3; 84; 83]. Accordingly, methodologies to classify customer requirements will be suitable for logistics services.  
Sub-Criteria of Design of Flexible Service and Operation  
The concepts of design are the creation and fulfillment of customer needs and satisfaction by considering input and output resources in the logistics and supply chain [60; 67; 26]. Strategic positioning will enable cost reduction, logistics performance, IT monitoring, virtual technology, and value creation to increase the value of products and services [52; 83]. Industry 4.0 has become a strategy and tactic to offer customer satisfaction in logistics services [28; 71; 79; 85]. Industry 4.0 has adopted a crucial infrastructure to control and implement the logistics process and customer fulfilment [8; 87; 85; 86; 71]. ERP, IoT, and IoS are used to operate and implement from along the supply chain to the customer [77; 88] to obtain customer respect [85; 89; 55]. Information technology will be included in physical and information technology in the logistics supply chain [80] to control and manage logistics activities, for example, RFID, GPS, ERP, and digital image processing [31; 59].  
Sub-Criteria of Transformation of New Service to Customer (Test)  
These sub-criteria entail transparent activities for a new product to check and confirm the risk and opportunity for launch through producing the new product or service in the market [8]. Simulation of virtual realities is utilized in this phase to transform the product or service design, which ultimately offers customer satisfaction and finds the risk of gaps in the logistics operation [90; 21]. Internal and external logistics activities include simulation to present the actual situation [91]. The test phase has validity and is evaluated to confirm readiness for distribution to customers [25; 56; 72].