## 2 Materials and Methods
### Field Study
#### 2.2.1 Fixed Measurements  
The fixed monitoring was carried out by a fixed weather station and some fixed sensors, all recording data continuously. The fixed weather station was put on the roof of the school entrance building (Figure 3) through a \"pole\" fixed to the railing of the ladder. This allows the station to be one meter above the roof and 10 m above the ground level, as previously performed in the literature [39]. The meteorological station selected was a Watchdog 2700 Weather Station, as previously used in the literature [39]. The station measures each hour and has an internal memory that allows measurements to be recorded for a period of approximately one year. Variables measured are presented in Table 1, as well as the manufacturer has given their specifications and accuracy. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variables**} & **Air** & **Relative** & **Wind** & **Wind** & **Solar** & **Rainfall** & **Dew** \\  & **Temperature** & **Humidity** & **Speed** & **Direction** & **Radiation** & **Rainfall** & **Point** \\ \hline Units & \({}^{\circ}\)C & \% & km/h & \({}^{\circ}\) & W/m\({}^{2}\) & mm & \({}^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline Range & \(-\)40-125 & 0–100 & 0–322 & 1–360 & 0–1500 & 0.25 & \(-\)73–60 \\ \hline Accuracy & \(\pm\)0.4 & \(\pm\)2 & \(\pm\)5\% & \(\pm\)3 & \(\pm\)5\% & \(\pm\)2\% & \(\pm\)2 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Variables measured by the school fixed weather station. Figure 2: Daily temperatures in Seville during the year 2021 from the “La Rinconada” weather station. The fixed monitoring of the study area allowed us to measure the Urban Heat Island effect (UHI). Figure 4 shows the comparison of air temperatures obtained for ten days of October, using the fixed station located above the School (grey line) and the rural reference station \"La Rinconada\" (dark line). Temperatures at the School are always higher than the ones in the rural space. Such a difference of 2.9 \({}^{\circ}\)C on average clearly proves that there is an urban heat island effect at the study's location. In addition, the highest temperatures reached in the study area in October were measured at nearly 35 \({}^{\circ}\)C, while this is a month qualified as intermediate weather in Seville. Thus, the UHI, coupled with climate change, reinforces high heat events inherent in the Csa climate, resulting in more uncomfortable outdoor spaces and, therefore, almost unused during the hot months. This highlights the need for a detailed study of human comfort in the study area. It is selected in October because it is a typical month of Autumn when people come back to the street after the hot summer of Seville. Figure 4: Hourly temperatures were measured by the rural station “La Rinconada” and the school fixed station. Figure 3: School fixed weather station. On the other hand, four data loggers OM-EL-USB-2-LCD Omega put in the open-air space at the school entrance measured the temperature and relative humidity of the area more precisely. They record data every 5 min, and the internal memory allows data to be collected for the full month of monitoring. Table 2 presents the specifications, resolution, and accuracy of these sensors. Each sensor OM-EL-USB-2-LCD Omega was placed in a cylinder 16.4 cm high and 6 cm in diameter, perforated on the sides to allow air circulation, and attached to a ground cover of 15 cm in diameter to prevent contact with rainwater in the case of precipitation (Figure 5). The coverings were painted in dark green colors, making them difficult to see once in place. Four different fixed sensors were put on the pati of the school entrance, as shown in Figure 6. The trees were used as support and for providing shading to avoid overheating the sensors. The temperature measured by each sensor is shown in Figure 7 for two weeks of October. It can be seen that data recorded by each sensor is quite similar all the time. Thus, measurements of both four can be accepted.