### Atomic and Electronic Structure of Composites Based on [M(Salen)] and Carbon Nanomaterials
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Sample**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**C 1s**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**N 1s**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Peaks Position, eV**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**M 2\(p\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Ref.**} \\  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**H\({}^{1}\)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**L\({}^{2}\)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**H\({}^{1}\)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**L\({}^{2}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**-CO-O-C-C-O-M**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**-CO-O-M**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**2p\({}_{32}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**\(\mathbf{dE^{3}}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Ref.**} \\  & **Peak** & **Peak** & **Peak** & **Peak** & & & & & \\ \hline \([\)Mn((OH)_{2}\)-salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & 532.7 & 531.2 & 529.9 & 640.0 & 11.4 & [134] \\ \hline \([\)Co(OH)\({}_{2}\)-salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & 532.3 & 531.2 & 529.7 & 780.4 & 14.7 & [135] \\ \hline \([\)Ni((OH)_{2}\)-salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & 532.8 & 531.4 & 529.9 & 854.1 & 21.2 & [103] \\ \hline \([\)Cu((OH)_{2}\)-salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & 532.5 & 531.4 & 529.9 & 934.2 & 20 & [137] \\ \hline \([\)VO((OH)_{2}\)-salen)\(])/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & 532.6 & 531.5 & 530.0 & 515 & – & [138] \\ \hline \([\)Co(Salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & 402 & 399.5 & – & – & – & -781.5 & 14.7 & [104] \\ \hline \([\)Cu(Salen)\(]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & – & – & – & -934.4 & 19.9 & [104] \\ \hline Poly-[Ni(salphen)]\)/MWCNTs & – & – & – & – & – & – & – & -855 & -18 & [8] \\ \hline Poly-[Co-Tos(Salen)]/CNTs, – & – & – & – & – & – & – & -780.7 & -15.2 & [105] \\ \hline \([\)Co(Salen)\(]\)/SWNHs & – & – & -400 & – & – & – & – & -780.9 & -15 & [101] \\ \hline \([\)VO(Salen)\(]\)/GO & 284.7 & 286.7 & – & – & – & – & – & 517.1 & -7 & [108] \\ \([\)Fe(Salen)\(]\)/GO & 284.8 & 286.6 & – & – & – & – & – & 711.8 & 13.5 & [108] \\ \hline \([\)Ni(Salen)\(]\)/GO & 284.6 & 286.6 & 401.8 & 399.5 & – & – & – & – & – & [109] \\ \hline \([\)Ni(Salen)\(]\)/GO & 284.6 & 286.5 & 401.8 & 399.5 & – & – & – & – & [109] \\ \hline \([\)Cu(Salen)\(]\)/GO & – & – & -401 & -399.2 & – & – & – & -954 & -19.9 & [111] \\ \hline Poly-[Ni(3-CH3-Salen)]/N-FLG & 284.6 & 285.9 & 401.3 & 399.4 & 533.1 & 531.5 & 872.5 & 17.2 & [37] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Energy position \(E_{bin}\) of peaks in C 1s, N 1s, O 1s, and M 2\(p_{3/2}\) (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, V, and Fe) PE spectra of composites. of components and a spread in the value of their energy positions as well as FWHM (full width at half maximum). However, in almost all C 1s and N 1s spectra, regardless of the fitting method, two main peaks can be identified. The first peak (H) has a higher intensity, while the second one (L) has a lower intensity or in some cases appears as a shoulder on the high binding energy side. In the C 1s spectra, an intense peak is associated with the C atoms of the benzene ring of salen and carbon material, and the subsequent higher energy (less intense peak) is attributed to carbon atoms in the -C-O-H and -C-N-H bonds of the phenolic and ethylenediamine moieties as well as surface C-O or C-N groups of carbon material, respectively (Figure 17a). In addition, additional low-intensity peaks in the region of high binding energies are possible, associated with C=O groups on the surface of the carbon nanomaterial. As for the N 1s spectra, the first peak of high intensity is attributed to atoms in the metal-salen complexes, and the second peak of low intensity is associated with the contribution from the N dopant or amino NH2 groups fixed on the surface of the carbon nanomaterial after its functionalization (Figure 17b). Comparing the data in Table 5, we can conclude that differences in the energy positions of the main peaks in the C 1s and N 1s PE spectra may be a consequence of various factors, including energy calibration of the binding energy scale, redistribution of electron density between metal (V, Fe, or Ni) and salen ligand atoms, and the influence of added N-containing groups when treating the surface of nanocarbon.