## 2 Results and Discussion
Quantitatively, ethyl acetate, 1-pyrroline, ethyl (\(E\))-3-ocenoate, geranyl acetate, and \(\alpha\)-farnesene were the most abundant emission components from 5-6- and 11-12-day from old flies. The major compound for al fly ages was (25)-2-hexenoic acid. [PERSON] [31] investigated the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**RT a** & **Compounds b** & **RI c** & **Peak Area** \\ \hline
3.61 & Acetoin & 717 & 97.830 \\
4.21 & Toluene & 755 & 20.493 \\
5.54 & Hexaldehyde & 769 & 9.270 \\
7.87 & \(o\)-Dimethylbenzene & 862 & 5.312 \\
8.29 & Nonane & 900 & 4.095 \\
9.67 & 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid & 933 & 8.433 \\
11.29 & 2,3,4-Trithiapentane & 943 & 1.765 \\
12.19 & 2,7-dimethyloctane & 964 & 46.140 \\
12.79 & Octanal & 982 & 2.035 \\
13.75 & 4-Methyl-5-hexen-4-olide & 996 & 3.624 \\
14.57 & Acetophenone & 1049 & 0.851 \\
15.52 & 3,3-Dimethylstyrene & 1099 & 2.474 \\
16.06 & Cosme & 1134 & 5.422 \\
16.52 & 2,6-Dimethyl-(\(E\),\(Z\))-2,4,6-ocatriene & 1292 & 4.970 \\
19.08 & 2,6-Dimethylundecane & 1214 & 1.554 \\
19.26 & 1\(H\)-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid & 1276 & 2.032 \\
21.89 & Tridecane & 1300 & 2.965 \\
22.66 & 2,6,10-Trimethyltridecane & 1467 & 1.025 \\
25.89 & Dimethyl phthalate & 1440 & 1.275 \\
26.54 & Cuparene & 1496 & 1.677 \\
27.01 & Farnesene & 1499 & 0.871 \\
28.25 & (\(E\))-\(\gamma\)-Bisabolene & 1523 & 1.849 \\
30.27 & 5-Phenylundecane & 1626 & 0.862 \\
32.81 & Tetradecanoic acid & 1748 & 1.287 \\
34.27 & Carboric acid 2-ethylhexyl octyl ester & 1857 & 0.422 \\
36.82 & \(n\)-Hexadecanoic acid & 1968 & 2.129 \\
38.56 & 5-Dodecyldihydro-2(3\(H\))-furanone & 2120 & 0.382 \\
40.07 & Octadecanoic acid & 2187 & 1.743 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} a
[FOOTNOTE:a]Footnote a: RT: retention time (min); b
[ENDFOOTNOTE]  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Compounds identified from the adult stage of the medfly (one unit corresponds to a 105 area) determined by GC–MS using HS-SPME. influence of \(\alpha\)-copaene-containing plants on the mating system of _C. capitata_ and the possibility of using attractants in prerelease exposure of males to increase the effectiveness of sterile insect release programs. Mature males were exposed to 20 uL of the attractant over a 6-h period and then were held for 2 d before testing. In field-cage trials, treated males (exposed to attractants) obtained significantly more matings than control males (no exposure) for all three substances. The potential exists for the development of an effective and useful female attractant, especially if essential components and their optimum release rates can be pinpointed and reproduced. DI-SPME-GC-FID was first reported in an analysis of 13 commonly known benzodiazepines in urine [14]. The same group reported a modification of the method to analyze the hydrolysis of benzodiazepines from benzophenones extraction [32]. DI-SPME has been reported for quantitative analysis of biological samples including plant tissues [33], pesticides [4; 34], milk [35], pharmaceuticals [36], wine [37] and water [38]. [PERSON] et al. [39] optimized the DI extraction in blood samples for sorption of 1-octanol. [PERSON] et al. [40] used an organic solvent to soak or wash SPME in detected pheromones from the female abdominal tip of the Lepidopteran _Sesamia nonagrioides_. The pheromones of _Metamasius hemipterus_ (Coleopterara) were sampled using SPME and compared to typical analytical methodologies. The SPME technique was shown to be cheaper, easier, faster and more reproducible [41]. SPME has been used to analyze cuticular hydrocarbons from ants [42]. DI-SPME has been used with pentane or hexane to analyze signaling chemicals and long-chain hydrocarbons from different parts of wasps' bodies [43]. The SPME technique has also been used to detect long-chain free fatty acids from insect exocrine glands, using a GC-MS [44]. Long chain fatty acids, such as oleic, palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and palmitoleic acids have been found in the exocrine secretions and cuticular extracts of many insects [45].