## 1 Introduction  
Compared to the visible spectrum, the infrared band is broader and contains more detailed target information. Meanwhile, infrared optical imaging systems exhibit stronger penetration capabilities and better anti-interference performance. By directly utilizing the thermal radiation characteristics of targets for passive detection, these systems can operate day and night, adapt to various environments, and maintain concealment. They are particularly effective for detection under adverse weather conditions with low visibility, such as fog, rain, snow, and frost, making them invaluable for industrial inspection, aerial surveillance, border patrol, and disaster rescue scenarios. Among these, Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR) systems demonstrate sensitivity to both thermal and reflective radiation. Meanwhile, cooled infrared detectors significantly reduce thermal noise generated in high-temperature environments by cooling the core detector components. This enables cooledMWIR detectors to operate at lower temperatures, thereby enhancing signal clarity and detection accuracy. The low noise characteristics allow the detectors to better capture weak infrared radiation signals, substantially improving detection performance. Currently, most infrared imaging systems employ single-aperture configurations. However, as application scenarios and target detection requirements become increasingly diverse, single-aperture systems struggle to meet demands such as wide field-of-view or rapid target detection. Consequently, building upon traditional single-aperture designs, researchers have developed multi-aperture imaging systems, which are typically categorized into multi-view vision systems, camera arrays, microlens arrays, and compound eye lenslet arrays. Among these, multi-view vision systems and camera arrays are typically bulky, while microlens arrays are constrained by aperture and focal length limitations, restricting their application scenarios. Consequently, researchers have developed bio-inspired compound eye imaging systems. These systems consist of numerous small optical units, which we term \"ommatidia\" by analogy to their biological counterparts, enabling wide field-of-view imaging with comparable image quality while maintaining a more compact and smaller form factor [1; 2]. Moreover, compound eye visual information processing differs significantly from single-aperture systems. Generally, higher resolution demands greater processing power, and higher pixel counts entail more information to process. Compound eye cameras, however, extract valuable information with limited resolution. Additionally, due to their unique structural design, compound eye imaging systems can acquire more spatial and motion information about targets. Existing compound eye imaging systems are typically designed for visible light or uncooled infrared applications, whereas our developed cooled bio-inspired infrared compound eye camera exhibits enhanced detection capabilities for weak targets [3]. A key technology in infrared target detection is small target detection. As shown in Figure 1, this is a typical scenario of infrared small target detection against an aerial or space background. Currently, infrared small targets are typically defined as targets occupying no more than 9 \(\times\) 9 pixels [4]. With the advancement of modern technology, the rapid and accurate detection of small targets across diverse scenarios has become a primary task. Therefore, developing algorithms with high detection accuracy, strong robustness, and fast processing speed for complex scenarios presents a significant challenge. For infrared bio-inspired compound eye systems, adjacent ommatidia capture the same scene, but due to their geometric arrangement on a spherical surface, the same scene exhibits different pixel coordinates across ommatidia, consistent with overlap ratio analysis. Simultaneously, for the same target, the relative positions of each ommatidium result in varying target poses in the captured images.