## Materials and Methods
### Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity Test Method (Blended Cement Mortar-Bar Method)  
The alkali-aggregate test method used in this research work is detailed in the Spanish standard UNE 146508 [33] equivalent to ASTM C-1260 [38]. In preparing the mortar bar specimens, the coarse aggregates were washed, dried (105 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C), crushed, and sieved into the five fractions (from \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **ASJ-2** & **VB-1** & **ASJ-12** \\ \hline SiO\({}_{2}\) & 73.61 & 78.06 & 60.55 \\ Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 6.48 & 3.64 & 15.80 \\ Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 0.88 & 1.28 & 6.83 \\ K\({}_{2}\)O & 4.02 & 0.66 & 4.58 \\ CaO & 9.25 & 9.82 & 4.30 \\ Na\({}_{2}\)O & 0.87 & 0.14 & 2.88 \\ MgO & 0.20 & 0.30 & 2.47 \\ TiO\({}_{2}\) & 0.09 & 0.26 & 1.00 \\ P\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{5}\) & 0.06 & 0.12 & 0.45 \\ BaO & 0.04 & - & 0.09 \\ MnO & 0.01 & 0.01 & 0.08 \\ Cr\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 0.07 & 0.04 & 0.04 \\ SrO & 0.01 & - & 0.03 \\ ZrO\({}_{2}\) & - & - & 0.03 \\ SO\({}_{3}\) & 0.06 & 0.05 & 0.02 \\ Rb\({}_{2}\)O & 0.02 & - & 0.02 \\ CI\({}^{-}\) & 0.01 & - & 0.02 \\ LOI \({}^{1}\) & 4.31 & 5.59 & 0.81 \\ Na\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{\text{eq}}\)\({}^{1}\) & 3.51 & 0.58 & 5.89 \\ \hline Main crystalline component & Quartz & Quartz & Quartz \\ Minority crystalline components & Feldspars (Albite type) & Feldspars (Microcline) & Carbonates (Calcite type) \\  & Black mica (Biotite) & Carbonates (Calcite) & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{1}\) LOI: Loss on ignition; Na\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{\text{eq}}\) = Na\({}_{2}\)O + 0.658 K\({}_{2}\)O.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Chemical composition for the three tested aggregates: (**a**) non-reactive siliceous sand, ASJ_2; (**b**) siliceous gravel with moderate reactivity, VB; (**c**) high-reactive siliceous pebbles, ASJ_12. 0.160 mm to 5 mm) as per the requirement of UNE 146508 [33]. Then, the potential reactivity of the three aggregates in the mortars made with the 25 cement mixes shown in Table 1 was evaluated in three mortar prisms (\(2.5\times 2.5\times 28.5\) cm\({}^{3}\)) for each mixture. They were prepared mixing 400 g of cement elaborated with the four pozzolanic materials and 900 g of aggregate with a water-to-cement ratio (by weight) of 0.47, and the graded aggregates to total cement ratio (by weight) of 2.25. Special molds were used with a stainless-steel gauge stud into both ends of the longitudinal section of the prism. The effective gauge length was \(254\pm 2.5\) mm. The mortar test specimens were demolded after 24 h, and then, stored immersed in water in closed containers which were placed in an oven maintaining the temperature of 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 24 h. Thereafter, they were removed from the containers for which the zero readings were recorded. Afterward, the prisms were submerged in the 1 N NaOH soak solution at 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\circ}\)C in plastic containers held in an oven at 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\circ}\)C for a further fourteen days. Subsequent expansion readings were made from two to 14 days in accordance with UNE 146508 [33]. However, additional readings were measured over a 90-day period instead of the conventional 14-day period prescribed by the standard. Mortar expansion was calculated according to Equation (2), and the average expansion of the three prisms for each exposure time is given as the mortar expansion result:  
\[\text{Mortar bar expansion }(\%)\ =\ \frac{(\text{L}_{n}-\text{L}_{0})}{\text{L}_{c}} \times 100 \tag{2}\]  
where L\({}_{n}\) is the length at the testing time, L\({}_{0}\) is the initial length after 24 h of water immersion at 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\circ}\)C, L\({}_{c}\) is the calibration length (L\({}_{c}\) = 254 mm according to UNE 80113 [39]). The ASR classifications of the aggregates were evaluated based on the 14-day expansion upper limit of mortar bars of 0.10% (non-reactive aggregate), prescribed by the Spanish standard UNE 146508 [33]. Expansions over 0.20% indicate a potentially reactive aggregate.