## 4 Results and Discussion
### Global Agent Decisions
Active phases are indicated at the top of the figure for clarity. * _Standard Scenario_: Green times are predominantly allocated to the arterial direction, particularly the west-east phase (P5). However, this allocation sharply decreases from 37% at C0 to 20% at C2, creating controlled bottlenecks along specific road sections or chains of sections. This imbalance leads to queue build-ups at junctions C0, C1, and C2, as shown in Figure 11a-c. While prioritizing the arterial direction, the irregular green time distribution contributes to congestion, especially at downstream intersections. * _Symmetrical Rerouting Scenario_: Green times are redistributed more evenly, with P5 green times decreasing gradually from 33% to 28%. This balanced allocation ensures smoother and more consistent traffic flow across the network, significantly reducing congestion and preventing bottlenecks observed in the standard scenario. * _Asymmetrical Rerouting Scenario_: Green time allocation is further adapted by increasing the duration of P6 to prioritize the west-to-east (W > E) direction, addressing the higher vehicle flow in this direction. To achieve this prioritization, the system reduces the activation of less critical north-south phases (P2, P3, and P4), ensuring optimal resource utilization for the prioritized W > E traffic. These results demonstrate how the dynamic adjustment of \(\omega\), \(p_{vch}\), \(p_{ped}\) and phase-specific green times enables the system to adapt effectively to varying traffic scenarios, improving overall traffic performance. Those examples highlight the system's ability to manage diverse challenges and achieve scenario-specific goals. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Standard (\% Green Time)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Symmetrical (\% Green Time)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Asymmetrical (\% Green Time)} \\ \hline  & **C0** & **C1** & **C2** & & **C0** & **C1** & **C2** & & **C0** & **C1** & **C2** \\ \hline P1 & 21\%  
Figure 14: Comparison of green time trends across all active phases at intersections C0, C1, and C2. Active phases are indicated at the top for clarity. (**a**) Standard scenario. (**b**) Symmetric rerouting scenario. (**c**) Asymmetric rerouting scenario. Pedestrian phases also exhibit notable differences between the scenarios. In the standard scenario, the pedestrian phase (P9) at C1 nearly triples, significantly enhancing safe crossing opportunities. This adjustment helps reduce queues at all intersections, as vehicles in the standard scenario are rerouted to exit the environment via right turns, alleviating pressure downstream. In the asymmetric rerouting scenario, pedestrian phases (P9) maintain similar durations at C0 and C2 but decrease at C1. This reduction is necessary to allocate more green time to vehicle phases supporting the W > E direction, ensuring stable vehicle flows without causing excessive pressure on critical junctions. The adaptive nature of the system allows it to effectively manage both vehicle and pedestrian traffic. For vehicles, it minimizes critical queues by dynamically redistributing green times, thereby reducing congestion and relieving pressure at intersections. For pedestrians, consistently activated crossing phases ensure safe and efficient movement through intersections, except when temporary reductions are required to manage critical vehicle flows. This dynamic flexibility extends to traffic phase activation, which occurs without a fixed sequence, allowing the system to respond in real time to evolving traffic patterns at each intersection. The system demonstrates its adaptability by accommodating 2600 vehicles and 2000 pedestrians under diverse traffic conditions. The standard scenario, while prioritizing arterial traffic, results in bottlenecks and longer vehicle queues but compensates by enhancing pedestrian safety through extended crossing times (P9). The symmetric rerouting scenario achieves a more balanced green time allocation, reducing congestion and distributing traffic loads more evenly.