## 3 Results
However, it is interesting to note that the expression of miR-182-5p, miR-320a-3p, miR-744-5p and miR-192-5p significantly correlated with the scores at follow-up of the Trailing Making Test A (TMT-A) whereas the expression of miR-182-5p, miR-451a, miR-4742-3p and miR-320a-3p correlated with the scores obtained at the SVFT test (Spearman's rho correlation test, \(p\) < 0.05; Supplementary Table S1 for details). Unfortunately, no adjustments for variables such as sex and concomitant Disease-Modifying Treatments (DMTs) (type and duration of treatment) were allowed due to the small sample size. **Abbreviations:** FC = fold change; AD = Alzheimer's disease; FTD = frontotemporal dementia; HC = healthy controls; ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorders; SPMS = secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; ALS = amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; PPMS = primary progressive multiple sclerosis; PedMS = pediatric multiple sclerosis; BD = bipolar disorder; RRMS = relapsing multiple sclerosis; ASD = autism spectrum disorders; MDD = major depressive disorders; HD = Huntington’s disease; NMOSD = neu \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c} \hline \hline
**TRANSCRIPT ID** & **LogFC** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Adjusted** \\ _p-Value_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Reported Associations (References, See** \\ **Supplementary Files)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{ hsa-miR-26b-5p} & \multirow{6}{*}{2.254118} & \multirow{6}{*}{0.009} & \begin{tabular}{c} Unregulated in AD [10] \\ Unregulated in AD vs. FTD vs. HC [11] \\ Unregulated in ADHD [12] \\ Downregulated in SPMS [13] \\ Downregulated in AD [14] \\ Downregulated in ALS [15] \\ _Related to A-beta expression in cortical neurons_ \\ _animal model_[16] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{ hsa-miR-127-3p} & \multirow{6}{*}{\(-\)6.144506} & \multirow{6}{*}{\(<\)0.0001} & \begin{tabular}{c} Downregulated in FTD [17] \\ Unregulated in PPMS exosomes [4] \\ Downregulated in PPMS [5] \\ Downregulated in prion disease and AD [18] \\ Downregulated in ALS [19] \\ Inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis in inflammatory disease [20] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{ hsa-miR-192-5p} & \multirow{6}{*}{1.14595} & \multirow{6}{*}{0.03} & \begin{tabular}{c} Unregulated in ALS vs. MS [21] \\ Regulatory factor in AD [22] \\ _Related to A-beta expression in cortical neurons_ \\ _animal model_[16] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-320a-3p & \(-\)0.862674 & 0.03 & \begin{tabular}{c} Downregulated in schizophrenia [23] \\ Unregulated in RR [4] \\ Unregulated in YOAD [24] \\ Unregulated in depression [25] \\ Downregulated in AIDS [15] \\ Downregulated in MDD [26] \\ Downregulated in AD [27] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-486-5p & \(-\)1.332208 & 0.03 & \begin{tabular}{c} Unregulated (NC) in MS with low BPV [19] \\ Unregulated in HD [28] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-501-3p & \(-\)1.562031 & 0.002 & \begin{tabular}{c} Downregulated in sera AD [29] \\ Unregulated in brain tissue—progression [29] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-576-5p & \multirow{6}{*}{1.74505} & \multirow{6}{*}{0.004} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Unregulated in Relapse MS and ON vs. HC [30] \\ Downregulated in NMOSD [30] \\ Downregulated in active inflammation [31] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-744-5p & \(-\)0.817595 & 0.04 & \\ \hline hsa-miR-1275 & \(-\)1.241061 & 0.01 & \\ \hline hsa-miR-4742-3p & 1.418434 & 0.03 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Downregulated in ASD [32] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline hsa-miR-548o-3p & 1.391054 & 0.03 & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: miRNAs whose expression (logFC) results were statistically significantly different between the observational interval (adjusted _p_-value\(<\) 0.05) and their published associations with MS and/or other neurodegenerative disorders. The analysis of mRNA expression from RNA-Seq data identified 64 DE genes (adjusted \(p\)-value < 0.05, absolute log2 fold change >1).