## 2 The Process Plant Inspection and Maintenance System
### Improve TAM Efficiency with Software Development  
Efforts to refine and optimize TAM processes encompass a range of innovative approaches, each striving to enhance efficiency and minimize disruptions. [PERSON] et al. [47] introduced a cutting-edge approach involving four-dimensional building information modeling, enabling the simulation of TAM activities before execution. This strategy aids in familiarizing all parties involved with the process sequence, particularly scaffold and heavy equipment plans, effectively reducing the safety risks, TAM duration, and costs.  
To comprehensively evaluate TAM's impact on equipment conditions, [PERSON] et al. [48] recommended statistical analysis based on prior-year data, specifically examining plant downtime loss and availability in fertilizer production. [PERSON] et al. [49] devised a TAM performance measurement system, emphasizing the need for efficient agreements with external suppliers and contractors to ensure timely delivery of equipment and parts. This intricate process, often outsourced to specialized companies, requires strategic planning to minimize downtime.  
A nonlinear numerical model such as the finite element method is widely used [50; 51; 52]. [PERSON] et al. [53] employed a nonlinear mathematical model to optimize schedules through labor distribution adjustments to address resource underutilization during TAM. This approach targets optimizing the task start and completion times, thereby minimizing the TAM length.  
[PERSON] et al. [54] introduced a maintenance management system that leveraged interviews and questionnaires with plant stakeholders to ensure a holistic understanding of the equipment life cycles. [PERSON] et al. [55] harnessed an in-service inspection platform to streamline nuclear power plant inspections. The platform's core functions, database integration, and paperless reporting significantly enhance data tracking and management efficiency.  
In response to the complexity of accident cost assessments, [PERSON] et al. [10] developed inspection manager software based on the RBI methodology. This software aids in selecting response actions for unforeseen hazardous events, considering intricate cost implications.  
Pursuing optimal maintenance planning led [PERSON] et al. [56] to create a model by using a mixed-integer nonlinear programming algorithm. This model enhances inspection and replacement decisions for refinery piping, maximizing inspection intervals while ensuring safe operation based on the wall thickness, inspection frequency, and inspection time.  
[PERSON] et al. [57] devised an inspection framework and work-aid tool based on API 570 by further optimizing piping inspections. This comprehensive tool assists in calculating the remaining life and corrosion rates and generating inspection reports. Through its data-driven approach, the framework empowers efficient and informed inspection decision-making.  
In summary, these diverse approaches collectively represent a dynamic landscape of strategies to enhance TAM efficiency, from simulation and modeling to statistical analysis, software development, and innovative inspection frameworks.