# Foot Anatomical Structural Variations Increase the Risk of Falls in Older Adults
## 3 Results
### Tailor's Bunion  
Fallers with tailor's bunion (60.7%) were more numerous than fallers without this pathology (44.7%). (\(\chi^{2}=3.307\), \(p=0.069\), odds ratio 1.90, \(p=0.05\)). Regarding gender, there were no differences between subjects with tailor's bunion. Men fallers with tailor's bunion represented 52.7%, while fallers without this pathology represented 35.6% (\(\chi^{2}=0.984\), \(p=0.321\), odds ratio 1.99, \(p=0.222\)). In the case of women, fallers with tailor's bunion accounted for 64.3% compared to fallers without tailor's bunion (56.9%) (\(\chi^{2}=1.266\), \(p=0.261\), odds ratio 1.72, \(p=0.192\)). There was no statistical correlation between this pathology and gender, but there were more women with tailor's bunion (42.4%) than men (29.7%) (\(\chi^{2}=2.176\), \(p=0.140\), odds ratio 1.73, \(p=0.104\)). In relation to age, fallers older than 70 years with tailor's bunion (65.7%) were more numerous than fallers without this pathology (37.5%) (\(\chi^{2}=4.869\), \(p=0.027\), odds ratio 3.13, \(p=0.017\)). According to the sample,  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variables** & **N = 164** & **Non-Fallers N = 81** & **Fallers** & **OR** & \(p\)**. Ratio** & \(p\)**. Overall** \\ \hline Gender & & & & & & 0.068 \\ Men & 64 (39.3\%) & 38 (59.4\%) & 26 (40.6\%) & Ref. & Ref. & \\ Men with HAV & 25 (39.1\%) & 15 (60.0\%) & 10 (40.0\%) & 0.96 [0.34; 2.70] & 0.940 & \\ Men with lesser toes & 46 (71.9\%) & 26 (56.5\%) & 20 (43.5\%) & 1.51 [0.49; 5.11] & 0.478 & \\ Men with tailor’s & 19 (29.7\%) & 9 (47.4\%) & 10 (52.6\%) & 1.99 [0.66; 6.11] & 0.222 & \\ Women & 99 (60.7\%) & 43 (43.4\%) & 56 (56.6\%) & 1.89 [1.00; 3.62] & 0.049 & \\ Women with HAV & 72 (72.7\%) & 26 (36.1\%) & 46 (63.9\%) & 2.96 [1.19; 7.70] & 0.019 & \\ Women with lesser & 74 (74.8\%) & 30 (40.5\%) & 44 (59.5\%) & 1.58 [0.63; 4.02] & 0.330 & \\ Women with & 42 (42.4\%) & 15 (35.7\%) & 27 (64.2\%) & 1.72 [0.76; 3.99] & 0.192 & \\ Weight (kg) & 71.0 [63.0; 82.0] & 71.0 [62.0; 82.0] & 71.0 [64.0; 83.0] & 1.00 [0.98; 1.02] & 0.791 & 0.914 \\ Height (cm) & 165.0 [158.0; 170.0] & 168.0 [160.0; 173.0] & 162.0 [157.0; 168.0] & 0.97 [0.94; 1.00] & 0.033 & 0.021 \\ BMI (kg/cm\({}^{2}\)) & 26.4 [24.0; 29.0] & 25.8 [24.0; 28.1] & 26.7 [24.0; 29.4] & 1.06 [0.98; 1.15] & 0.139 & 0.096 \\ Under Weight & 16 (9.8\%) & 9 (56.3\%) & 7 (43.8\%) & Ref. & Ref. & \\ Normal Weight & 41 (25.0\%) & 23 (56.1\%) & 18 (43.9\%) & 1.00 [0.31; 3.37] & 0.996 & \\ Obese & 82 (50.0\%) & 41 (50.0\%) & 41 (50.0\%) & 1.28 [0.43; 3.96] & 0.661 & \\ Obese I & 19 (11.6\%) & 6 (31.6\%) & 13 (68.4\%) & 2.68 [0.67; 11.6] & 0.164 & \\ Obese II & 3 (1.8\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & 2 (66.7\%) & 2.33 [0.16; 83.6] & 0.545 & \\ Obese III & 3 (1.8\%) & 1 (33.3\%) & 2 (66.7\%) & 2.33 [0.16; 83.6] & 0.545 & \\ Age (years old) & 70.0 [67.0; 73.3] & 70.0 [66.0; 73.0] & 70.0 [67.0; 73.5] & 1.00 [0.98; 1.01] & 0.500 & 0.661 \\ Older than 70 & 75 (45.7\%) & 37 (49.3\%) & 38 (50.7\%) & Ref. & Ref. & \\ Younger than 70 & 89 (54.3\%) & 44 (49.4\%) & 45 (50.6\%) & 1.00 [0.54; 1.85] & 0.990 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} BMI = Body Mass Index; OR = Odds ratio; Ref. = Reference; \(p\). overall: \(p\)-value associated with the Mann–Whitney U test for qualitative variables or \(p\)-value associated with the Chi-square test for quantitative variables. \(p\)-ratio: \(p\)-value associated with the odds ratio. Qualitative variables are expressed as n (%), quantitative variables as Mean \(\pm\) SD. Significant at \(p<0.05\).  
\end{table}
Table 1: Anthropometric description and characteristics of the case and control groups.  
more subjects older than 70 years had tailor's bunion (46.7%) than subjects younger than 70 years (29.2%) (\(\chi^{2}\) = 4.586, \(p\) = 0.032, odds ratio 2.11, \(p\) = 0.023).