## 4 Analysis and Results
### Signal Lane Usage While Entering and Exiting Junction Control  
The findings indicate that in signalized roundabouts, 31% of drivers utilized their turn signals when entering, while in non-signalized roundabouts, the rate was slightly lower at 22%. The statistical analysis results suggest that the association between the presence of signals and turn signal usage while entering roundabouts is not statistically significant, as indicated by the obtained \(p\)-value of 0.149 and chi-square value of 2.079. Table 5 provides a summary of these results. These statistical measures suggest that while signalization may have some influence on driver behavior, the relationship is relatively weak. With a Cramer's V value of 0.102, the correlation between traffic signals and turn signal usage is minimal. This finding implies that drivers in signalized roundabouts may be slightly more inclined to use turn signals, but the effect is not particularly strong. The weak effect size suggests that other factors, such as driver habits and road design, may play a more prominent role in determining turn signal usage. The analysis of the collected data provides perceptions of the behavior of drivers when exiting roundabouts, specifically regarding the usage of turn signals. The analysis shows noteworthy disparities in turn signal usage between signal \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Junction Control Type**} & **Number of Vehicles** & **Number of Vehicles** & **Rate of Correct** & & \\  & **That Used the Correct** & **The Correct Lane** & **Lane Usage** & **\%2** & **\(p\)-Value** & **Cramer’s V** \\  & **Lane While Exiting** & **While Exiting** & **While Exiting** & & & \\ \hline Signalized & 65 & 35 & 65\% & & & \\ Non-signalized & 83 & 17 & 83\% & 8.420 & 0.004 & 0.205 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Chi-square test and Cramer’s V of correct lane usage while exiting signalized and non-signalized roundabouts. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Junction** \\ **Control Type** \\ \end{tabular} } & \begin{tabular}{c} **Number of Vehicles** \\ **That Used Turn** \\ **Signals While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Number of Vehicles** \\ **That Did Not Use** \\ **Turn Signals** \\ **While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Rate of Turn** \\ **Signal Usage** \\ **While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} & \(\chi^{2}\) & \(p\)**-Value** & **Cramer’s V** \\ \hline Signalized & 31 & 69 & 31\% & & \\ Non-signalized & 22 & 78 & 22\% & 2.079 & 0.149 & 0.102 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Chi-square test and Cramer’s V of turn signal usage while entering signalized and non-signalized roundabouts. roundabouts. Notably, a considerable 72% of drivers in signalized roundabouts were observed using their turn signals when exiting, in contrast to a significantly lower rate of 27% in non-signalized roundabouts. The outcomes of the statistical analysis revealed a highly significant association between the presence of traffic signals and the tendency of drivers to use turn signals while exiting roundabouts. The statistical measures, including the calculated \(p\)-value of less than 0.001 and the chi-square value of 40.504, furnish compelling evidence supporting this association. The summary of these findings is presented in Table 6. These statistical findings underscore the impact of traffic signalization on driver behavior, particularly with regard to their compliance with using turn signals when exiting roundabouts. The Cramer's V is 0.450, demonstrating a moderate to strong association. This result implies that the presence of traffic signals significantly influences drivers' compliance with using turn signals when exiting. The relatively high effect size underscores the importance of signalization in promoting adherence to signaling rules, possibly due to stricter enforcement and driver awareness at controlled intersections.