## 3 Materials and Methods  
This study employed a structured survey method to collect detailed information regarding the perceived benefits of bike-sharing services and the evaluation of their support ing infrastructure. The approach was designed to provide insight into users' perceptions of bike-sharing systems, as well as the physical and technological components of the infrastructure that enables their operation. Figure 1. presents an overview of the research process, spanning from the data collection to the analysis phase. Accordingly, the survey was structured into two main sections. The first, it attempted to identify and understand the advantages which the users perceived in using the bike-sharing systems: from very practical advantages, like saving time or being cost-effective, to more subjective ones, like health promotion and environmental protection. The second section addressed infrastructure-related elements considered to the bike-sharing systems, including bike condition, station density, information availability, and integration with other modes of transportation. Figure 1: Stages of the research procedure. Following the initial research, a pilot study was carried out, designed to closely mirror the eventual full-scale survey. The main aim of the pilot phase was to identify and rectify potential issues with the questionnaire. These problems primarily concerned whether respondents clearly understood the questions and found them straightforward to answer. Valuable feedback from this stage led to revisions, notably in rephrasing questions to improve clarity and comprehension. Furthermore, the pilot study offered a chance to evaluate the overall structure and logical progression of the questionnaire. Particular attention was given to the sequence of questions and determining the appropriate length for respondents. This stage also identified redundancies within the questions and indicated areas that required additional items to better address key dimensions of e-learning quality. [PERSON]'s Alpha (\(\alpha\)) was employed in this research as a measure of the questionnaire's reliability. The results--[PERSON]'s alpha values of 0.902 for the first part and 0.879 for the second--showed a high correlation among questionnaire items. These findings suggest that the questions effectively measure the same underlying concept, specifically the perceived quality of e-learning. Typically, reliability coefficients ranging from 0.8 to 0.9 indicate strong reliability, highlighting a suitable balance between consistency and diversity, thus enabling precise differentiation among responses. To determine the sample size, the following formula was used:  
\[N_{min}=\frac{Np\big{(}\alpha^{2}*f(1-f)\big{)}}{\text{NP}^{*}e^{2}+\alpha^{2}* f(1-f)} \tag{1}\]  
where  
\(N_{min}\)--the smallest acceptable sample size  
\(N_{p}\)--total size of the population from which the sample is selected  
\(\alpha\)--significance level, represented by Z-value derived from the normal distribution corresponding to the desired confidence,  
\(f\)--fraction or proportion size  
\(e\)--permissible maximum error margin,  
For this research, the parameters below were selected:  
\(\alpha\)--significance level set at 0.05  
\(N_{p}\)--population size unknown  
\(f\)--0.5  
\(e\)--0.1. The formula allowed for the estimation of the minimum sample size required to ensure that the findings would be representative and applicable to a wider population, despite the total number of bike-sharing users being unknown in the Silesian region. With a confidence level set at 95%, the researcher aimed to achieve a high degree of representation and precision in the findings regarding the user population. As a result, the final sample size reached 196 completed responses through online questionnaires, which were distributed through social media platforms targeting residents and potential bike-sharing users. This sample size exceeds the minimum calculated by the formula, thereby enhancing the reliability of this research.