# Analysis of the Impact of Vibrations on the Driver of a Motor Vehicle
## 1 Introduction
Studies have shown that certain bridge vibrations can resonate with vehicle loads, causing discomfort and increasing the likelihood of accidents if drivers fail to respond appropriately. Solutions based on the GPR model allow for real-time prediction of dangerous situations, allowing bridge control systems to warn drivers of impending risks and encourage them to reduce speed [34]. Satellite navigation technology also changes the driver's body schema and spatial perception,affecting their ability to independently orient themselves in space. Future technologies should integrate the driver's self-monitoring skills, rather than relying solely on external sources of information, especially when the physical environment, such as road surface and vehicle vibrations, impairs the interpretation of sensory signals [35]. [PERSON] et al. [36] discuss thermoelectric devices in cars, which generate energy from waste heat and provide cooling or air conditioning. While seat vibration reduction is not directly connected, innovative energy-generating solutions are emerging. Active vibration damping mechanisms, like adaptive shock absorbers or seat frame elements, could partially supply energy to control systems for real-time road irregularities, providing a broader technological platform. Active controllers like PD/PID in vehicles improve driver comfort by controlling speed and acceleration. They can also be used for vibration control, evaluating the movements of the seat, suspension, or vehicle body. Sensors evaluate these components, adjusting settings to suppress unwanted frequency components that negatively impact driver comfort and safety [37]. The \"Skyhook-LQR\" approach, combining the Skyhook algorithm and the LQR controller, offers a dual strategy for controlling vehicle pitch, roll, and vibration dynamics. While effective in providing comfort, it has limitations in handling stability in corners. The integrated version with LQR improves overall performance by adjusting the controller in real time, reducing driver vibration [38]. Poor seat geometry and sitting posture increase the risk of low back pain (LBP). Dynamically moving backtests can reduce pain and improve vibration comfort in car seats. However, these changes can cause small desynchronizations in the seat and backrest area, potentially negatively affecting the spine in the long term. Careful design adjustments are needed to ensure the moving backrest reduces vibration effects, not increasing them [39]. Professional drivers often experience chronic low back pain due to prolonged sitting and vibration in their work equipment, such as tractors or heavy machinery. This pain is particularly common among drivers with postural strain. Regular health checks and interventions are crucial to prevent further damage. Psychological stress, long working hours, and incorrect sitting posture can further exacerbate the negative effects of vibration [40]. Vibration significantly impacts the human body, particularly in typical automotive postures. Body mass significantly affects the main resonant frequency peaks, with heavier individuals experiencing slightly decreased frequency but increased vibration peak size. Ergonomic adjustment of seats should consider the driver's body weight, height, and sitting preferences. Tractor drivers are at a higher risk of back pain due to high vibration levels. Seat improvement, ergonomic adjustment, and proper sitting position can significantly reduce the incidence of LBP among professional drivers [41]. Advanced technologies, such as computer analysis, precise acoustic and vibration measurements, and intelligent insulation solutions, are being used to reduce noise and harshness parameters in vehicles. These technologies allow engineers to optimize the frame or body structure, identify resonant areas, and select appropriate muffler or engine mounting systems, thereby preventing vibrations from reaching the driver's seat [42]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [42] reveal that the steering wheel vibration, while driving, can affect a driver's emotional state.