# A Review of Industry 4.0 Assessment Instruments for Digital Transformation
## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \# & **Dimension** & **Description** & **Industry 4.0 Drivers** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{9} & \multirow{3}{*}{Operations} & To manage, measure, and control the processes and services of the company. It includes the technologies that enhance their productivity. & Technology integration Automation Data utilization Resource capability \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{10} & \multirow{3}{*}{Supply chain} & To promote visibility and connection between several business functions by implementing advanced technology across the supply chain. & \multirow{3}{*}{Inventory control Real-time data management Supply chain integration, flexibility, and visibility Lead times} \\  & & An integrated supply chain connects suppliers and customers. It is required to develop processes, capabilities, and systems to support digital collaboration. & \multirow{3}{*}{Inventory control Real-time data management Supply chain integration, flexibility, and visibility Lead times} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: _Cont._of these can help monitor the production line and identify bottlenecks and current needs. The use of databases, the cloud, or any other digital infrastructure to store information can help in the decision making and prevent production/service errors. That means having a digital product design allows an accurate representation of information and allows control over a product before it is physically developed. For instance, simulation and digital twins technology allows for testing the product in different ways (strain, stress, ductility, etc.) and verifying if changes need to be made. Having the ability to adapt to customer orders is an important Industry 4.0 concept. The supply chain dimension refers to how to maintain the stability and continuous improvement in the entire value chain when organizational communication and collaboration are relevant drivers to maintain throughout the whole process of the digital supply chain and the supply chain networks. If real-time information is provided, then the level of assessment is at its highest, because it optimizes and reacts to changes in demand in an agile way. The inventory must be monitored at all times due to the costs that it can incur. The level of assessment can vary from unknown to updated in real time and automatically recorded in a database. Production must be monitored, and the department/area needs to indicate when a change in production is required. Furthermore, sustainability through the entire Supply Chain 4.0 must be considered in the company; thus, its level must be assessed. The traceability of the product throughout the value chain provides information about its status and condition, which helps the company analyze future improvements and helps in the decision-making process. The involvement of clients and suppliers in the design and fabrication of products can promote better collaboration between the stakeholders. Also, it will reduce the time and cost of production. Moreover, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [15] include leadership as a dimension that evaluates the existence of roles and responsibilities for leading digital proposals in the company, the vision of senior managers for digitalization and the collaboration among stakeholders. These criteria greatly affect a company because when implementing Industry 4.0 concepts, it is not only about technology but also about roles, skills, and leadership. The workforce dimension defines how training and evaluating employees for Industry 4.0 keeps the company capable of using and adopting technologies that help the company grow. Also, by indicating how often the training program is updated and promoting constant learning, continuous improvement is encouraged. The flexibility and creativity of an employee promote a better company environment and an engagement toward their roles and responsibilities.