Applied sciences Article  
**Ptyrochemical Profiling of the Ethanolic Extract of _Zaleya pentandra_ L. [PERSON] and Its Biological Activities by In-Vitro Assays and In-Silico Molecular Docking  
[PERSON] 1, [PERSON] 1,*(c), [PERSON] 1(c), [PERSON] 2(c), [PERSON] 3,4,  
[PERSON] 1, [PERSON] 1,5(c), [PERSON] 6(c), [PERSON] 7(c), [PERSON] 8,*(c) and [PERSON] 9,10(c)  
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan  
2 Department of Pharmacogosos, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia  
3 Department of Pharmacogos, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia  
4 Department of Pharmacogos, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt  
5 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkla, Thailand  
6 College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518060, China  
7 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China  
8 Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, An Klenlenn Fedde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany  
9 Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt  
10 School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China  
* Correspondence: [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.u.R.K.); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (T.E.); Tel.: +92-33-6670-8638 (K.u.-R.K.); +49-51-1762-5589 (T.E.)  
**Citede: [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; et al. Phytochemical Profiling of the Ethanolic Extract of _Zaleya pentandra_ L. [PERSON] and Its Biological Activities by In-Vitro Assays and In-Silico Molecular Docking. _Appl. Sci._**2023**, 13, 584. [[https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010584](https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010584)]([https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010584](https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010584))  
**Abstract:**_Zaleya pentandra_ L. jaffery is the only species of the genus _Zaleya_ that grows in the Cholistan desert, Pakistan. It is a Xero-halophyte plant with high phenolic and flavonoid content. The present research was designed to investigate the phytochemicalennial composition, biological activities, and in silico molecular docking of the ethanolic extract of _Z. pentandra_. The phytochemicalan evaluation was done through preliminary phytochemical testing, estimation of total bioactive content, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for the identification of volatile compounds. For the evaluation of biological activities, antioxidants, and enzyme inhibition (\(\alpha\)-glucosidase, cholinesterase, and tyrosinase), antibacterial and antiviral assays were performed. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 29 tentative volatile compounds. The ethanolic extract of _Z. pentandra_ contains high phenolic content (119.6 \(\pm\) 0.12 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid content (45.5 \(\pm\) 0.19 mg QE/g extract), which correlates with the strong DPPH, FRAP, and enzyme inhibition results. The ethanolic extract of _Z. pentandra_ also showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity. _Micro