# A Methodological Approach for the Smartification of a University Campus: The Smart ESI Use Case
## 6 Conclusions  
There is not much research on formal methods to quantify the degree of smartification carried out by the so-called smart initiatives and, as far as the authors are aware, none of them has addressed the university environment. In this sense, this paper presents a novel formal method to quantify the degree of smartification in small universities or medium-sized campuses. The proposed formal method employs, firstly, case study research to extract knowledge from the literature on the most commonly used subdomains, services \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline Stakeholder & Theoretical (Th) and Practical (Pr) Implications \\ \hline Managers & Th1: Detection of weaknesses and opportunities for improvements. \\  & Th2: Design of strategies specifically aimed at increasing the smartification degree. \\  & Th3: To enable a fair comparison with other universities, which results into a ranking for smart universities. \\  & Ph1: Design savings plans oriented to increase the energy efficiency and sustainability of buildings, which result in important economic savings and increased comfort for users. \\ \hline Teachers/students & Ph2: An increase in the comfortability degree of users across the different spaces \\  & Ph3: An increased agility in the detection and resolution of incidents, which results in better classroom utilization. \\ \hline Technical Staff & Ph4: They are responsible for the maintenance of the monitoring and control infrastructure and the data integration platform, communications security and user management. \\ \hline Society & Ph5: The transfer of knowledge from the university to society, including companies, may contribute to its digital transformation. \\ \hline Researchers & Th4: The article reveals the need for research into new methodological perspectives to evaluate the smartification process. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Summary of the theoretical and practical implications for stakeholders. Th: Theoretical;Pr: Practical implication. and indicators in the smart university context and, secondly, Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) to quantify the degree of smartification of the universities (alternatives in terms of MADM) according to the criteria and attributes (indicators) obtained in the first step. To do so, we reviewed a collection of articles whose keywords refer to IoT and the domains of smart university/faculty/campus in order to obtain a broad set of indicators of different types, both academic, technological and related to smartness, that could globally score the effort made by a university on its way to smartification. By using this methodological perspective, we presented a detailed description of the Smart ESI project, an initiative to populate our School of Computer Science (ESI) at University Castilla-La Mancha with sensing and acting devices able to provide a large set of data about the School and its environment oriented to increase our knowledge and with the ultimate goal of improving its operation, sustainability and efficiency. Our approach provides two important potential benefits: first, it is able to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of smart university initiatives; second, it suggests a preliminary study to develop tools based on standard indicators and common criteria that allow a fair comparison of such initiatives. In future work, we plan to automate the calculation process and tackle a large experiment involving a broad set of universities. As part of this work, we are already working on the development of web forms to facilitate data collection by university managers, through which they will be able to provide indicator values that can later be used for comparison among all universities participating in the experiment. Conceptualization, S.E., C.B. ; methodology, S.E. ; software, F.R., J.A.d.I.T., validation, J.B. and J.C.; formal analysis, S.E. ; investigation, F.R. ; resources, J.B., C.B. ; data curation, J.B.; writing--original draft preparation, S.E. ; writing--review and editing, S.E.