# The Effects of Synthesizing Music Using AI for Preoperative Management of Patients' Anxiety
## 3 Results  
### Analysis  
The results from summarizing the interviews with nurses collected through an FGI about the problems of the existing method and their opinions on the new method are as follows. Because the nurse working in the operation preparation room turns on the music according to the nurse's preference, only a few sound tracks are repeated. Even worse, sometimes, the music is not even turned on. An advantage is that patients would be able to listen to new music that does not overlap repeatedly. As the nurses do not have to worry about the playlist, they can also focus on other medical issues. The sound system is only limited to the operation room entrance area. It would be better if the music was played throughout the operation room hallway as well. As the patients feel most anxious being transported by cart through the hallway.  
As a result of analyzing the characteristics of the sound source currently used in the operating room, music that used pianos, string instruments, pad sounds, natural sounds, etc., such as in classical music and new age music were deemed sentimental rather than participatory, and the tempo was slow and unfelt. Moreover, these types of music were composed only with instruments instead of music containing human voices and had less than five small formations. Based on the comprehensive existing system analysis results, the specific selection criteria and the music list for GEMS-9 were confirmed (Table 1).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**N** & **Music Genre** & **Title (Meaning/Composer)** & **Main Instruments** & **Tempo (M.M.)** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{1} & World & Cheongseong-gok & \multirow{2}{*}{Danso} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 30} \\  & (Gugak—Traditional & & & \\  & Korean Music) & & sound) & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{2} & World & \multirow{2}{*}{Bi-ik-ryun-ri} & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Haegeum \\ (vertical fiddle with two \\ strings) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 70} \\  & (Contemporary Korean & Music) & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{3} & World & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Eo-yeop-da \\ (No way) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{Vocal Music} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 35} \\  & (Contemporary Korean Music) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{4} & Gugak & Cheongsanri & \multirow{2}{*}{Vocal Music} & [PERSON]multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 27} \\  & (Traditional Korean Music) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{5} & Jazz & The Green Hour & \multirow{2}{*}{Piano} & [PERSON]multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 45} \\  & (Trio) & ([PERSON]) & & (4/4) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{6} & Jazz & Baroque and Blue & \multirow{2}{*}{Flute} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 70} \\  & (Trio) & ([PERSON]) & & (6/8) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{7} & Jazz & Romance & \multirow{2}{*}{Violin} & [PERSON]multirow{2}{*}{\(\downarrow\) = 80} \\  & (Trio) & ([PERSON]) & & (4/4) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Music selected for the Geneva Emotional Music Scales-9 (GEMS-9) tool.  
Table 2 presents the result of using the GEMS-9 tool to evaluate the 16 sample sources. The sad-happy values' average was measured the highest at four points, with a lower tension of 1.48.  
Among the [PERSON] values measured for each song, Happy, Joy, and Peaceful were classified as appropriate for background music in the operating room. In addition, the top six songs were selected as suitable songs by calculating the difference in values with Sad, Tension, Tender, Nostalgia, and Trance, which were judged to be inappropriate, along with Power and Wonder. The selected songs included two jazz songs (6, 8), three bossa nova songs (9, 10, 11), and two classical piano songs (13, 14).