# Coexistence of 5G/6G and Digital Terrestrial Television Networks
## 2 Networks Re-Planning  
One approach involves dividing the 470-694 MHz frequency range into two parts: allocating the 606-694 MHz range to IMT systems and dedicating the 470-606 MHz range to digital terrestrial television. This method reduces the frequency resources available for terrestrial television, currently spanning the entire 470-694 MHz range. As a result, the emission of the six nationwide multiplexes currently operating within the 470-694 MHz range (corresponding to TV channels 21-48) would need to shift to a narrower band of 470-606 MHz (channels 21-37). This shift would entail a loss of 11 TV channels (equivalent to 88 MHz of spectrum) and necessitate significant adjustments to the plans of TV networks and the organization of frequency utilization. Specifically, it would require enlarging the size of frequency allotment areas for individual channels to ensure system compatibility and avoid interference between multiplexes, following GE06 frequency planning rules and detailed guidelines for DTT networks. The analysis used Poland as a representative example within Europe. It is assumed that any necessary changes would also prompt regional re-planning at least within the EU or even more broadly across CEPT countries, neighbors, or the entire GE06 region. The objective of this planning exercise was to assess the feasibility of consolidating all six nationwide DVB-T2 multiplexes within a significantly constrained frequency band of 470-606 MHz across the entire country, thereby freeing up the remaining spectrum (606-694 MHz) for IMT use. The decision to allocate the upper portion of the 470-694 MHz band for IMT stemmed from the reservation of the 600 MHz (617-698 MHz) band in certain countries (e.g., the USA) for IMT purposes, which aligns with the existing allocation within this range, such as the n71 3 GPP band (referred to as the US digital dividend band). The analysis of DVB-T/T2 networks necessitates the application of a suitable and internationally accepted calculation method, which serves not only for domestic verification but also for business analyses conducted by operators and broadcasters. The methodology employed for determining the coverage and design of terrestrial television networks was developed by the authors at the IT Systems of the National Institute of Telecommunications as part of their earlier work, primarily catering to commercial requirements. It adheres to international standards and recommendations [11; 23; 24], relying on analytical techniques tailored for single-frequency network (SFN) analysis and design [25], as well as implemented propagation models [26] that utilize digital elevation maps and databases encompassing both existing and planned TV stations. In this paper's analyses, the most optimal DVB-T2 operating modes were applied to maintain the bit rate at the current level (a minimum of 36 Mb/s) and to minimize intra-network interference across very large SFN. Specifically, the chosen parameters include 256 QAM modulation, 32k-extended transmission mode, a guard interval (GI) of 19/128, a code rate (CR) of 3/4, pilot pattern 2 (PP2), and an 8 MHz channel bandwidth. The usable signal for DVB-T2 stations was quantified based on a statistical threshold that ensures coverage exceeding 50% of the time in 95% of locations near the receiving point under stationary reception conditions (using a directional antenna at a height of 10 m above ground level). For the case of the interfering signal, it was characterized by the field strength exceeded in 50% of locations and 1% of the time. The analysis also considered the network gain of the SFN and its impact on the resulting usable area, as well as the SFN self-interference affecting the network, utilizing the k-LNM method [25]. For field strength calculations, the propagation curves outlined in ITU-R P.1546-6 [26] were employed. In the context of stationary reception conditions, the methodology for determining the minimum field strength (Emin) was applied in accordance with the principles of the GE06 agreement [8].