## 3 The Use of Supercontinuum Lasers in Biomedical Diffuse Optics
### Novel Instrument Development
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**System ID** & **Group** & **Year** & \begin{tabular}{c} **SC Laser** \\ **Type/Model** \\ \end{tabular} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**SC Laser System Characteristics**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**System Detection**} \\ \cline{4-9}  & & & & **Specal Capacity** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Power** \\ **(mW)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Repetition** \\ **Rate (MHz)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Pulse Width** \\ **(ps)** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Detector** \\ **Type** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **N’ of** \\ **Channels** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
1 & Lund Institute of Technology, & 1993 & In-house &
\begin{tabular}{c} White light centred at \\ 792 nm \\ \end{tabular} & 1000 & 0.01 & 200 & CCD camera & NA \\
2 & Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy & 2004 & In-house & 580–1100 nm & 40 & 85,000 & 50–100 & PMT & 16 \\
\begin{tabular}{c} Strøk \\ camera \\ \end{tabular} & NA \\
4 & Saint-Etienne, France, & 2006 & In-house & 550–100 nm & 100 & NA & 60–140 & PMT & 32 \\
5 & Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy & 2006 & In-house & 120 bands & & & & & \\
6 & Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy & 2007 & SC450, Fianium & (600–100 nm) & 2600 (total) & 20,000 & 10 & SPAD & 1 \\  & & & & & & & & & \\
7 & Lund University, Lund, Sweden & 2009 & SC500, Fianium & 650–1400 nm & NA & 80,000 & 50 & PMT & 2 \\
8 & Northeastern University, Boston, & 2010 & Kohness Superk, & 550–850 nm & NA & 80,000 & 30 & PMT & 16 \\  & United States & 2010 & NC400, Fianium & Filtered at 660 nm & NA & 40,000 & 90 & PMT & 1 \\
9 & Quebec, Canada & 2010 & NC400, Fianium & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Funium (model \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Tuned at 690 nm \\ \end{tabular} & NA & 20,000 & 100 & SPAD & 1 \\
10 & Bundesansalt, Berlin, Germany & 2011 & NA) &
\begin{tabular}{c} Tuned at 690 nm \\ \end{tabular} & NA & 20,000 & 100 & SPAD & 1 \\
11 & University of California, Irvine, United States & 2012 & SC450, Fianium & 680–850 nm & 200 & 20,000 & 3 & PMT & 2 \\  & Institute of Biocyhentics and & & & & & & & \\
12 & Biomedical Engineering Polish & & & & & & & & \\
13 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Academy of Sciences, \\ Warsaw, Poland \\ \end{tabular} & 2012 & SC450-4 &
\begin{tabular}{c} 685–860, 16 bands \\ (Fianium) \\ \end{tabular} & NA & 40,000 & NA & PMT & 16 \\
14 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy \\ \end{tabular} & 2012 & SC450, Fianium &
\begin{tabular}{c} 1100–1700 nm \\ \end{tabular} & 6000 (total) & 40,000 & 10 & SPAD & 1 \\  & & & & & & & & \\
15 & \begin{tabular}{c} Massachusetts General Hospital, \\ Boston, United States \\ \end{tabular} & 2013 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} SC600-8, \\ 2013 \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 680, 70, 747, 760, 800, \\ Fair Fairum \\ \end{tabular} & 9000 (total) & 60,000 & NA & ICCD & 175 \\
15 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy \\ \end{tabular} & 2010 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Superk Extreme, \\ NKT Photonics \\ \end{tabular} & 600–1100 nm & 5000 (total) & 2000–80,000 & 10 & PMT & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: List of the SC laser-based systems used in the publications reviewed, with their principal characteristics. SC: SuperContinuum, FWHM: Full Width at Half Maximum, CCD: Charge-Coupled Device, ICCD: Interlinked Charge-Coupled Device, PMT: PhotoMultiplier Tube, SPAD: Single-Photon Avalanche Dode, SiPM: Silicon PhotoMultiplier, HPM: Hybrid Photodetector Module, sCMOS: scientific Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, NIR: Near InfaRed.