# An Internet of Things Model for Improving Process Management on University Campus
## 2 Materials and Methods
### IoT Model for Process Management  
To generate an IoT model that improves the management of processes within a campus, it is necessary to identify the requirements that exist in the areas that manage resources. By establishing both the network architecture of a university and the basic IoT architecture, it is possible to generate a model that is born from the needs that arise in the management of the administrative processes of the university. Table 1 establishes the requirements which the proposed model can meet [36]. In the first column, the processes that are carried out on the university campus are identified. Seven processes that have been reported by the members of the university were chosen as those that present the greatest difficulty in terms of management. The channel column corresponds to the way in which each process is executed--either through a computer system or through the assignment of the task to a person. The effectiveness column evaluates the execution of the process in terms of it being high, medium, or low [37]. The availability column shows how the processes can be requested and assigned; two means have been established as a local process. This indicates that the process can be executed only within the university and for this particular purpose when the intranet is used. External availability means that the process can be executed outside the university's internal network. This includes the use of the Internet or virtual private networks (VPNs). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Process** & **Channel** & **Effectiveness** & **Availability** \\ \hline Assignment of spaces & Information systems & Half & Local \\ Internal security & Person & Low & Local \\ Physical resource & Person & Low & Local \\ management & Person & Low & Local \\ Inventories & Person & Low & Local \\ User assistance & Person & Low & Local \\ General information & Personnel/computer systems & Half & Local \\ Notification handling & Information systems & Half & Local/external \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Processes carried out through a traditional request model. Figure 3: Rules for establishing communication. Given these requirements, it is possible to establish a model that allows each process to be improved through the use of IoT devices. A reading that helps us to understand how each process in the table is carried out is as follows. To reserve a space in the university and to develop a specific activity, a member of the university--a teacher, administrator, or student--must enter the computer system to register and request the reservation. The system verifies the availability and approves the request, with several similar systems depending on a person who is responsible for giving priority to a certain event, depending on the type of activity [11]. This creates several problems for people who need space to perform extra activities or set up an event. However, through its devices, is the IoT capable of improving this process, eliminating the dependence of a third person, and speeding up the reservation? To answer this question, it is important to establish a model that is capable of handling information in the computer system but is also capable of improving aspects such as user interaction. A consideration of user experience is sometimes necessary in an IoT solution. For this, it is important to go further in the service [8]. If the above example is taken as a basis for establishing the IoT model, it is proposed that, in addition to reserving a space, the system is responsible for notifying all persons who are part of the event of the place and the time where the event is going to be carried out [38]. In Figure 4, a performance representation using a traditional model is presented for the request of a process and is compared with the proposal using the model that uses the IoT. Figure 4a represents the traditional model, and Figure 4b represents the process management model used by the IoT.