# The Concept regarding Vehicular Communications Based on Visible Light Communication and the IoT
## 1 Introduction  
Visible light communication (VLC) represents an important component of optical wireless communication (OWC) and has brought many challenges to the research community, as well as those attracted to this field [1]. VLC could become an extremely remarkable technology because, in addition to being used for lighting, it can also be used for data communication between devices, users, and the outside environment. This approach is important in terms of the benefits it can bring, as well as in terms of its huge potential for future development across extremely vast areas [2]. VLC is different from the technologies we know. It can be developed at the level of pre-existing lighting infrastructure or at the level of equipment containing LEDs, offering the opportunity for the mass development of a fast and cost-effective network [3]. According to the specialized literature, the basic principle of VLC is that the data are transported using an optical carrier without leading to higher energy consumption, which is another advantage of this technology [4]. Most studies conclude that LED light, in conjunction with the data transmission process, is becoming more and more common in our society and employ the lens of avoiding health risks due to exposure to emissions and radiation, as VLC is one of the greenest technologies. The specialized literature demonstrates the high potential of VLC technology and elucidates several of its aspects through the lens of its standardization by competent organizations, including the IEEE [5]. In terms of energy efficiency, VLC uses LED light to transmit data, and this is known as a low-power-consumption factor. Wi-Fi low power is designed as a restrained form of energy consumption but, compared to VLC, it is much more expensive. Channel bandwidth represents a constraint for the number of data packets that can be transmitted over a certain channel. Wi-Fi has a much higher channel bandwidth thanVLC, but low-power Wi-Fi operates in the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency bands and has bandwidths of 20 MHz or more. Although it is a technology brought back to the public after a period of evanescence, VLC reappeared with prototypes developed and the first standardization, recognized with the acronym IEEE 802.15.7, was achieved in 2011 and later benefited from new updates [6]. VLC is showing an upward trend and represents an opportune moment for today's society, branching out into more and more fields. In the early days of the technology, it was used to make high-speed wireless connections, as it is extremely suitable for broadband internet. In this field, VLC technology has proven its capabilities: it can ensure data transfer at speeds of several gigabits per second and, in ideal cases and laboratory tests, the technology can also establish connections that reach transfer values of over 100 Gb/s [7; 8]. These aspects make VLC an extremely promising candidate for systems based on technologies such as 5G or 6G. VLC is suitable for most fields due to its ability to reuse space and small communication cells. Therefore, 5G and 6G technologies could achieve much higher transfer rates than known before; low latencies, even below <1 ms; and extremely wide coverage [9; 10]. In accordance with the extremely wide distribution of LED lighting sources, in addition to applications related to its information- and energy-transfer capacities, VLC could also be used in Internet of Things-type applications, see Figure 1. Great progress could be made in the transition towards Industry 4.0 or 5.0 through the application of wireless communication in production lines and automation. VLC's simplified implementation, cost efficiency, flexibility, and versatility would help in significantly scaling these processes, and it can be declared an ideal technology. Automation and robotization processes could use VLC for communication, control, management, and location tasks, and identification of equipment could also be controlled with it [11].