## 1 Introduction  
The current Internet is derived from ARPANET [1], which has been widespread across the world and permeated into multiple areas. According the recent statistic [2], Internet users in the world had reached about 4.16 billion by the end of 2017. In the same time, the global IP traffic will reach 3.3 ZB by 2021 which is almost three times than 2016 [3]. However, with the booming of Internet, the original architecture design cannot satisfy the current requirements which makes Internet encounter many unprecedented challenges such as poor security, low mobility, and high energy consumption [4]. Besides, the original Internet is designed for a trusted environment with a small number of hosts which are usually from specific organizations and departments. While after 50 years development, with booming of various network technologies, the connotation and denotation of Internet are in the evolution. More specifically, the Internet terminals have shifted from traditional personal computer, notebook, tablet computer and smart-phone to more general things such as various IoT devices, and the Internet services have extended from text-based applications such as web and email to rich media such as live video even Virtual Reality (VR). At the same time, the demand of IP address is also increased greatly which speeds up the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. These shifts are spurring the evolution and the revolution of Internet architecture in terms of mobility, security and scalable. Therefore, lots of future Internet design schemes were proposed in the past several years aiming to alleviate these challenges. The most recent research has shown that the root causes of current Internet problems are so-called triple bindings, which are resource/location binding, user/network binding and control/data binding [5]. As an representative evolution scheme, Software Defined Network (SDN)/Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is designed to separate the control and forwarding, and decouple the hardware and software, which has been considered as a key technology in 5G core network to provide the programmability [6]. SDN/NFV adopts the softwarization idea to set up network in a software way which is beneficial to network setup, operation, upgrade and management. On the other hand, the revolution schemes such as Information Centric Network (ICN) [7] suggest that Internet should been replaced by clean-state network architecture that takes the information or content as the basic element of network replacing the IP address. ICN aims to decouple the mapping between resource and location, and it introduces the in-network cache to improve the network performance. Different to SDN and ICN, Universal Identifier Network (UIN) [8; 9; 10] divides the network protocol stack into pervasive service layer and infrastructure layer, and introduces four identifiers and three mapping mechanisms to decouple the triple bindings. The pervasive service layer consists of virtual service and virtual connection, and it is responsible for session, control and management operations of various services. The virtual service introduces the Service IDentifier (SID) to describe and present various service, and virtual connection provides the various connections identified by Connection IDentifier (CID) for services through the mapping between SID and CID. Based on the SID-CID mapping, UIN decouples the resource/location binding. The infrastructure layer divides the networks into virtual access and virtual backbone. The virtual access is noted as access network, which is designed to handle massive accessing of isomeric users, and adopts the Accessing IDentifier (AID) to identity the various terminals. The virtual backbone is noted as core network, which consists of various network devices and adopts the Routing IDentifier (RID) for routing and data forwarding. Based on this access and core separation mechanism, UIN decouples the user/network binding, and introduces control plane and forwarding plane to decouple the control/data binding.