# Applied Engineering Using Schumann Resonance for Earthquakes Monitoring
## 3 Results and Discussion  
When considering Figure 5, we have developed several maps that are raised or propose new ELF sensors as stations to provide coverage to potentially vulnerable regions. The label of \"high seismic risk\" could be tagged to the zones of Central America, Andes, the most oriental part of Europe, Philippines, Indonesia, and Japan, with the three last regions having a high occurrence of earthquakes and tsunami. There are frequent seismic events of great magnitude that involve high damages: the Sumatra Tsunami in 2010 [18] or the Tsunami Japan 2011 [51], and others. This is one of the reasons for which the study and analysis of this type of event is of great importance for the population. Figure 6 shows the current ELF stations along with the ELF stations, as proposed in Table 2. It can be observed that in this figure the coverage of the areas with seismic risk is greater than the one established in Figure 5, where there are only represented the existing ELF stations. Figure 6: Tsunami risk alerts worldwide through proposed ELF observatories with a 1000 km of ratio. Table 2 proposes with a minimum of 10 new ELF observatories to cover the seismic risk of all these areas of the earth, with a standard range of 1000 km. With this range, all of the zones of interest could have been covered. So, South America can be covered by three observatories that located in Chile and Peru, while Oceania needs five observatories, and the south of Asia needs at least two of them. If a smaller range is considered, the numbers of suggested stations should be higher, an example shown in Figure 7. In this figure the data in Table 3, where possible ELF stations are established to cover the vulnerable areas seismic coverage with a radius of 500 km are represented. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**ID** & **Geographical Area** & **Lat (\({}^{\circ}\)N)** & **Lon (\({}^{\circ}\)E)** \\ \hline AS-1 & Asia—Basey (Western Samar)—Philippines & \(11.416\) & \(125.175\) \\ OC-1 & Indonesia & \(-0.773\) & \(133.959\) \\ AS-2 & Asia—Dewakang (Liukang) Indonesia & \(-5.490\) & \(118.630\) \\ OC-2 & Oceania—Papua New Guinea & \(-5.809\) & \(151.002\) \\ SA-1 & South America—Peru & \(-5.979\) & \(-78.942\) \\ OC-3 & Oceania—Malo Island (Vanuatu) & \(-15.25\) & \(166.83\) \\ SA-2 & South America—Chile & \(-20.811\) & \(-69.536\) \\ OC-4 & Oceania—Tongatapu & \(-22.342\) & \(-176.206\) \\ SA-3 & South America—Chile & \(-37.724\) & \(-73.260\) \\ OC-5 & Oceania—New Zealand & \(-43.446\) & \(170.468\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Proposed ELF Observatories (1000 km). Figure 7: Tsunami risk alerts worldwide through proposed ELF observatories with a 500 km of radio. The minimum number of stations to be considered in this case is 19. So, South America can be covered by six observatories located in Chile, Peru, and Ecuador, while Oceania needs 11 observatories, and the south of Asia needs at least two of them. There is no theoretical model that establishes a specific range for the detection of this type of phenomena, and appointed error in these measures. The ranges described in Table 1 were estimated empirically according to the sensitivity of the phenomena captured, with usual distances of between 500 km and 1000 km. Consistent with these data, possible ELF stations with a range of 1000 km (Table 2) and 500 km (Table 3) have been proposed. The technology improvements allow for a greater sensitivity for the capture of these phenomena. Recently, the largest number of the ELF observatories resides in the region of Japan; they cover the major part of its territory. The rest of observatories are distributed on the North American coast and Europe most commonly in its oriental zone. In the Figure 5, it should be considered that the African continent has less seismic activity that can produce tsunami due to the localization of the tectonic plates, which makes it a stable zone. We can observe that there exist numerous zones in southern hemisphere, where the occurrence of seismic events is elevated.