## 1 Introduction
The surface morphology of the workpiece after theoretical grinding was observed and compared with that of the workpiece after the actual grinding of the spiral groove grinding wheel. [PERSON] et al. [17] proposed a method of planar topological mapping for grinding structured surfaces in order to obtain an array of trailing wave pits. Based on point-set topology theory, topological feature analysis and feature parameter extraction were carried out on the trailing wave element and arrangement. Combined with the mechanism of pitted surface grinding, the topological space-mapping relationship between the grinding wheel and the workpiece was established in the grinding process, and a grain-cluster structured grinding wheel was designed. MATLAB software was used to simulate and analyze the trailing wave surface grinding process. The influence law of related parameters was obtained, and the grinding of the structured surface was realized through a grinding test. In order to obtain a structured reticulated surface, [PERSON] et al. [18] designed a grinding wheel with an end face with a grain sequence arrangement and established a kinematic equation of the grinding grain. The surface topography of the grinding grain was obtained by computer simulation, and the influence law of the grain arrangement parameters and grinding parameters of the grinding wheel on the surface texture topography was discussed. The results indicate that the relative positioning of the grinding wheel and workpiece has a significant impact on the surface topography. By increasing the rotational speed of the grinding wheel and reducing the leaf sequence coefficient, a more uniform surface can be achieved. [PERSON] et al. [19] used synthetic diamond as an abrasive, bronze binder as a binder, and molybdenum disulfide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles with a certain mass fraction as filling materials to prepare a bronze binder self-lubricating diamond wheel. The abrasive wear of the diamond wheel during the grinding of ceramic materials is reduced, and the quality of the machining surface is improved. A new self-lubricating diamond wheel with a bird-feather structure was obtained by using a pulsed laser to ablate the designed bird-feather structure, reducing the geometry on the surface of the diamond wheel. The results show that the addition of nanoparticles does not reduce the mechanical properties of the grinding wheel, the ablative quality of the grinding wheel surface is higher, and the non-ablative area is not affected. [PERSON] et al. [20] proposed a new method to make grooves with diamond cutting tools to manufacture structured grinding wheels with U-shaped grooves. The diamond cutting tools, chip, and groove structure were examined by SEM and EDS. No significant cracks were found on the sides and bottom of the groove, and the width of the groove was close to the thickness of the tools. A grinding test of the grooved grinding wheel was carried out and compared with that of an ungrooved grinding wheel. The grooved wheel was found to reduce the grinding force and grinding temperature and eliminate workpiece burns. [PERSON] et al. [21] conducted research on diamond grinding wheels with a regular hexagonal structure, strong hydrophilicity, and high wear resistance. A new laser structure technology based on the coordinated control of focusing position and scanning times was proposed, which can effectively produce hexagonal structures with a small angle and a depth of a few millimeters on the surface of the grinding wheel. The results showed that, compared with the unstructured grinding wheel, the hydrophilicity of the structured grinding wheel was significantly improved; its surface hydrophilicity increased with the increase in structural distance and depth, and the grinding peak temperature and surface damage were also effectively reduced. [PERSON] et al. [22] proposed a new grooving method using a reciprocating laser scanning strategy combined with alternating forward and backward trajectories.