# Seismic Observations in Bucharest Area with a Raspberry Shake Citizen Science Network
## 3 Data and Earthquake Observations  
An advantage of RS seismometers is that budding geophysicists and citizen scientists can access the data through ShakeNet Web and Desktop apps [28] and ShakeNet Mobile apps [29] for Android and iOS developed by the manufacturer, or one can dive in and play around with the data directly. Since installing the first Raspberry Shake seismometers in Bucharest in June 2020 and until the end of November 2022, over 3600 earthquakes have occurred in Romania, according to Romplus Catalog [34] (Figure 4). Of these, 41 earthquakes had a magnitude M\({}_{\rm L}\geq 4\), most of which occurred in the Vrancea seismic region. Earthquakes of a magnitude around 4 are small to moderate earthquakes and do not cause damage to the built environment. Still, they can shake the population by alerting them and taking them out of their comfort zone. Earthquakes of this size, however, are poorly recorded by RS seismometers. Things are different for larger earthquakes, such as the 5.3 magnitude earthquake of 3 November 2022, the largest earthquake during the period analyzed. Six seismometers connected to the Raspberry Shake Citizen Science network in Bucharest were online and recorded the earthquake at that time. Figure 5 shows a distribution of waveforms as a function of epicentral distance. These records are generated with Python code notebooks from the JupyterHub created specifically for ROEDUSEIS Network data users [22]. All seismograms show P- and S-waves, even though the recordings are from the seismometers' vertical channel (EHZ). For inexperienced users who wish to learn about earthquakes recorded by citizen science networks, data from Raspberry Shake seismometers can be viewed online using ShakeNet Web and Desktop Apps [28], available for any devices connected to the internet. To use these applications, creating a user account is unnecessary, and the working steps are very intuitive, generally involving searching for the seismometer code and the date of the month for which you want to view the data. Figure 6 below shows the outputs (helicorder, waveforms, power and frequency spectra) for the 3 November earthquake recorded by the R1784 seismometer deployed in the northern part of Bucharest using the Raspberry Shake online applications: ShakeNet Web and Desktop Apps (left) [28] and ShakeNet Mobile Apps for Android and iOS (right) [29]. Figure 3: Bucharest Raspberry Shake Citizen Science network. Figure 4: Earthquakes that occurred in Romania during the investigation period. Figure 5: The MI 5.3 earthquake waveforms recorded by the Raspberry Shake Citizen Science Network in Bucharest city. When an earthquake of this magnitude is triggered in the Vrancea seismic zone, the population of cities that are further away from the epicenter, such as Bucharest, will feel its effects. This is clearly evidenced when examining the map depicting the locations of completed \"**Did you feel it? **\" questionnaires. Although the earthquake did not cause any damage, it alerted the population. This is demonstrated by the significant number of \"**Did you feel it? **\" surveys completed on both the National Institute for Earth Physics and the European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre websites. According to the NIEP questionnaire, approximately 1500 people from the Bucharest region filled out the form indicating that they felt the earthquake, which assisted the researchers in evaluating the earthquake intensity ([[http://www.infp.ro/comments.php?id=c2](http://www.infp.ro/comments.php?id=c2) IUQ0 hWTWNNdCttaStOSnFtYitqZz0]([http://www.infp.ro/comments.php?id=c2](http://www.infp.ro/comments.php?id=c2) IUQ0 hWTWNNdCttaStOSnFtYitqZz0) 9&intensity=5&lang=ro, accessed on 12 December 2022).