## 3 Materials and Methods
### 5G Implementation Requirements
Another factor to consider is the latency, which is responsible for the delay in incoming and outgoing packages on a link, as streaming services such as online games [39], metaverse, and more demand a low latency in order to provide better services. Figure 5: 5G features that are essential for the Internet of Things services. In modern society, most products use electrical power, including, for example, electric cars such as Tesla. In other words, we are surrounded by electronic devices, and it is essential to focus on developing friendly devices to avoid consuming too much electricity. Some important points about 5G energy consumption need to be mentioned. First, energy efficiency depends on the traffic in the network. According to the article \"Energy-efficient 5G for a greener future\" [40], when the traffic load is low, a base station can save 98.75% of power, but if the traffic load is high, the power consumption may increase. Figure 6 describes the requirements for 5G. This generation is the latest generation of cellular networks that is designed to offer significant improvements in performance, capacity, and flexibility compared to previous generations. To achieve these improvements, 5G networks utilize several key technologies. One of these technologies is millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies, which are higher frequency bands that can provide higher bandwidth and faster data rates. However, these frequencies have short wavelengths and require line-of-sight communication between the transmitter and receiver. Another technology used in 5G networks is massive MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) technology, which uses a large number of antennas to increase the number of spatial streams and improve the efficiency of the wireless channel. This can help to increase the data transfer rates and overall network capacity. Beamforming is also a key technology used in 5G networks, as it uses advanced techniques to focus the radio signal towards a specific device, increasing the signal strength and reducing interference. This technology is crucial for providing reliable and high-speed connectivity in a dense and dynamic environment. Network slicing is another feature of 5G networks that allows for the creation of dedicated virtual networks to meet the specific requirements of different applications. This means that devices can allocated their own network resources and services, providing better network performance and security. Edge computing is also used in 5G networks, which provides real-time processing and analysis of data at the edge of the network. This can help to reduce the latency and improve the performance of time-sensitive applications, such as autonomous vehicles and virtual reality. Low latency is another feature of 5G networks that is important for applications that require real-time communication and response, such as autonomous vehicles and remote surgery. 5G networks aim to achieve a latency of less than 1 millisecond. High reliability is also a critical feature of 5G networks, with features such as network slicing and redundant network paths, ensuring that devices stay connected. This is essential for mission-critical applications that require high availability and low downtime. 5G networks support full duplex communication, which allows for simultaneous transmission and reception of data. This technology can help to improve the efficiency and capacity of the network, enabling higher data transfer rates and reducing latency. Based on the requirements above, the following are the 5G network deployment requirements:  
* Millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies for higher bandwidth and faster data rates. * Massive MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) technology for increasing spatial streams and improving the wireless channel's efficiency. * Beamforming to focus the radio signal towards a specific device, increasing signal strength and reducing interference.