## 1 Introduction  
Globally, the construction industry today consumes 40% of the total energy production, generates between 30% and 40% of all solid waste, and emits 35-40% of total CO\({}_{2}\) emissions [1, 2]. As the current situation is not satisfactory, a number of policies have been adopted worldwide. Examples include the Kyoto Protocol [3], Buildings Directive Energy Performance [4, 5], and the Japanese low-carbon society plan [6], all of which have worked successfully as solutions for minimizing the environmental influence of buildings in order to make them sustainable [7]. However, China is a large country with a large agricultural sector, and the rural population accounts for 43.9% of the total population [8]. In China, the energy consumption of the construction industry accounts for 30% of the total energy production, with rural areas accounting for 37% of that value [9, 10]. Numerous investigations of rural residences have shown that the poor thermal insulation properties of building envelopes, as a function of nonstandard traditional construction materials and methods, results in substantial energy consumption [11, 12, 13, 14]. In addition, there is an increasing trend in annual energy consumption due to the generally improving living conditions in rural areas. In view of the national situation, some attention has been given to this issue. In 2012, the \"design standard for energy efficiency of rural residential buildings\" was implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, which provided a general national standard to address the issues of rural construction [15]. In an existing study, [PERSON] and [PERSON] researched a Trombe wall with Venetian blinds, which could increase the average indoor temperature by 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C during winter [16]. [PERSON] researched a transparent phase-change material to improve the utilization of solar radiation and promote heat storage and release ability [17]. [PERSON] had analyzed the state of solar cell devices based on performance and device stability in both organic and inorganic photovoltaics (PVs) [18]. [PERSON] had optimized the solar cell device integration of ultra-thin poly films via a single-step all-dry process [19]. All of these studies focused on the use of a single technology with a high economic cost. However, rural residents cannot afford this kind of investment because of their low income levels. In rural regions, integrated passive energy-saving technologies in combination with minimal input are most appropriate for improving the thermal performance of residences. The processes involved in this approach require a constant consideration of the building performance, including the building envelope, orientation, shading, and natural ventilation, together with the use of energy-efficient systems [20]. Currently, existing research is far from achieving this goal. In addition, thermal performance research should be combined with local natural climatic conditions and regional architectural forms, especially in rural areas [21; 22; 23; 24]. Chinese researchers have been paying close attention to existing rural residential dwellings, such as Yaodong dwellings located in the arid region of China [25] and Tibetan traditional dwellings located in the cold rural area of Gannan [26]. The tubular house is a typical form of traditional residential building that has a long history, as shown in Figure 1. It is abundant in southern China, where the summer is hot and humid, in regions such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, and Zhejiang, and it is even widely found in India, analogously called a \"tube house\". Tubular houses, which are named for their narrow and long forms, are a good example of a regional building adapted to the local climate. The arrangement, involving a spatial structure connected by internal patios and long corridors, provides a characteristic regional architectural form for research.