# Chemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics of Different Food Seeds
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Minerals, Protein Content and Antioxidant Capacity  
The minerals contribute to metabolism of FAs and protein metabolism [36]. The content of minerals, protein and antioxidant capacity is presented in Table 3.  
The analyzed seeds are rich in mineral elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg). High amounts of K and Mg were found in all food seeds, but hempseed contained the highest amount. The mineral content varied in the following ranges (mg/kg): 425-1090 (Na), 1823-3509 (K), 644-10445 (Ca) and 1180-1975 (Mg). Food with high amounts of K and low contents of Na is recommended for hyperglyen patients [35]. The highest Ca content was found for poppy seeds (\(10445.0\pm 1.98\) mg/kg). The analyzed samples also contained Al, Cu, Fe and Zn (important for various functions in the body, such as immunity, growth and cognitive development [36]), their content varying in the ranges (mg/kg) of: 8.30-38.2 (Al), 9.60-17.4 (Cu), 35.3-99.7 (Cu) and 33.7-44.2 (Zn) [37]. The highest contents were found in hempseed (\(99.7\pm 0.35\)mg/kg and \(44.2\pm 0.44\) mg/kg) for Fe and Zn, sunflower seeds (\(17.4\) mg/kg) for Cu and poppy seeds (\(38.2\) mg/kg) for Al. Our results were comparable with [PERSON] et al. [21]. Figure 3: Of PUFAs, omega-6 and omega-3 in the extracted oilseeds. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Component** & **Sunflower Seed** & **Poppy Seed** & **Flaxseed** & **Hempseed** & **Sesame Seed** \\ \hline Mg (mg/kg) & \(1180.0\pm 1.15\) & \(1528.0\pm 1.25\) & \(1403.0\pm 1.52\) & \(1975.0\pm 1.20\) & \(1320.0\pm 1.20\) \\ K (mg/kg) & \(2270.0\pm 0.57\) & \(2833.0\pm 1.05\) & \(3509.0\pm 1.50\) & \(3479.0\pm 1.02\) & \(1823.0\pm 1.31\) \\ Ca (mg/kg) & \(644.0\pm 1.0\) & \(10445.0\pm 1.98\) & \(1337.0\pm 1.0\) & \(298.0\pm 0.89\) & \(257.0\pm 0.75\) \\ Na (mg/kg) & \(485.0\pm 1.00\) & \(425.0\pm 1.02\) & \(1090.0\pm 1.21\) & \(505.0\pm 0.85\) & \(610.0\pm 0.95\) \\ Fe (mg/kg) & \(53.1\pm 0.89\) & \(47.6\pm 0.67\) & \(35.3\pm 0.20\) & \(99.7\pm 0.35\) & \(47.3\pm 0.63\) \\ Zn (mg/kg) & \(37.7\pm 0.44\) & \(404.0\pm 0.20\) & \(39.5\pm 0.30\) & \(44.2\pm 0.20\) & \(33.7\pm 0.51\) \\ Cu (mg/kg) & \(17.4\pm 0.54\) & \(17.0\pm 0.29\) & \(12.8\pm 0.12\) & \(9.60\pm 0.12\) & \(13.4\pm 0.11\) \\ Al (mg/kg) & \(8.30\pm 0.20\) & \(38.2\pm 0.80\) & \(8.40\pm 0.15\) & \(10.1\pm 0.56\) & \(13.1\pm 0.42\) \\ Protein (\%) & \(22.0\pm 0.40\) & \(23.7\pm 0.50\) & \(26.6\pm 0.80\) & \(36.6\pm 0.26\) & \(28.2\pm 0.63\) \\ Antioxidant capacity & \(0.45\pm 0.03\) & \(0.05\pm 0.03\) & \(0.21\pm 0.04\) & \(0.03\pm 0.02\) & \(0.08\pm 0.04\) \\ (umol Trolos/mg sample) & \(0.47\pm 0.02\) & \(0.06\pm 0.03\) & \(0.25\pm 0.02\) & \(0.04\pm 0.03\) & \(0.09\pm 0.03\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Minerals, protein content and antioxidant capacity of food seeds (data represents mean \(\pm\) standard deviation, n = 3). The reference daily intakes (RDI) established by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations are Ca (1000 mg), Na (2400 mg), Fe (15 mg), Cu (2 mg), K (3500 mg), Mg (400 mg), Mn (2 mg), and Zn (15 mg) [23]. The studied samples contain appropriate amounts of minerals to achieve an adequate diet. The content of minerals in seed samples reported to daily reference value for each mineral is presented in Figure 4.  
All samples contain more than 20% protein. Hemp seeds have the highest protein content (\(36.6\%\pm 0.26\%\)) and an appreciable amount was found in sesame seeds (\(28.2\%\pm 0.63\%\)). The antioxidant activity of the studied food seeds was evaluated using (1) Photochem device and lipid soluble compounds kit supplied by Analytik Jena AG. The Photochem is a unique system than can quantify the antioxidant activities of lipid soluble substances and the results obtained were expressed as Trolox equivalent and (2) DPPH radical scavenging activity of oil. The antioxidant activity (\(\mu\)mol Trolox/mg sample) of samples varied in the following order: sunflower (\(0.45\pm 0.03\)) \(>\) flax (\(0.21\pm 0.04\)) \(>\) sesame (\(0.08\pm 0.04\)) \(>\) poppy (\(0.05\pm 0.03\)) \(>\) hemp (\(0.03\pm 0.02\)).