## 6 Conclusions  
1. With the \(D\)-value optimization design theory and the good global optimization ability of IPSO, the microseismic probability factor \(F_{e}\), the microseismic importance factor \(F_{Q}\), and the effective range factor \(F_{V}\) are introduced to establish the objective function of the optimal network layout scheme. The monitoring sensitivity and positioning error are used as evaluation criteria, and an optimization and evaluation system for the optimal layout of a mine's microseismic network is proposed. The system consists of the station optimal scheme selection of Module I and the station scheme evaluation of Module II.
2. Using numerical simulation experiments, the improved particle swarm algorithm (IPSO) proposed provides a feasible method for the optimal design of the microseismic network. When there are a large number of candidate points, the method in this paper can quickly and cost-effectively complete the optimal network layout. In addition, the superiority of the optimal scheme is verified by the evaluation method.
3. Taking Xiaishije Coal Mine in Tongchuan, Shaanxi Province, as an example, IPSO took 244.86 s to optimize the arrangement of sensor candidate points in the key monitoring area of the mining area, according to the on-site geological conditions. The research results show that the algorithm can quickly find the optimal solution, the errors in key monitoring areas are all within 20 m, and the minimum monitoring magnitude is \(-\)3.26. The blasting test analysis shows that with the network layout scheme proposed in this study, the maximum error in the comprehensive location of the source is 12.2 m, and the average is 10.3 m. The positioning accuracy can meet the needs of engineering monitoring, and related research can provide a reference for the microseismic layout of similar projects.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Serial Number**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Blasting Coordinates**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Positioning Coordinates**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **x/m** & **y/m** & **z/m** & **x/m** & **y/m** & **z/m** \\ \hline
1 & 2710.5 & 3647.4 & 935.5 & 2709 & 3640 & 938.1 \\
2 & 2220.6 & 3302.8 & 938.7 & 2215 & 3310 & 933.4 \\
3 & 2065.9 & 3201.3 & 925.8 & 2061 & 3210 & 932.9 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Blasting point positioning coordinates.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Serial Number**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Time**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Errors**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Absolute Error/m**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **x/m** & **y/m** & **z/m** & \\ \hline
1 & 15:35 & 1.5 & 7.4 & 2.6 & 8 \\
2 & 15:54 & 5.6 & 7.2 & 5.3 & 10.6 \\
3 & 17:55 & 4.9 & 8.7 & 7.1 & 12.2 \\ Max & - & 5.6 & 8.7 & 7.1 & 12.2 \\ Mean & - & 4.0 & 7.8 & 5.0 & 10.3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Blasting test results.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, K.W. and C.T.; methodology, K.W., C.T. and K.M. software, K.W.; validation, K.W. and T.M.; formal analysis, K.M. and K.W.; investigation, K.W.; data curation, K.W. and K.M. writing--original draft preparation, K.W.; writing--review and editing, K.M. and T.M.; visualization, K.W.; supervision, T.M.; project administration, C.T.; funding acquisition, C.T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 41941018 and 51627804.  
Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy concerns.  
**Acknowledgments:** The technical staff of Tongchuan mining Co., LTD., are appreciated for their assistance. [PERSON] and [PERSON] are appreciated for their support with on-site data.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.