## 3 Results
### Method for Building Service Process Value Model
#### 3.2.5 Construction of the Service Process Value Model
: _Service process model is a service petri net \(SN\) = (P, T, F, \(t_{s}\), \(t_{e}\)), where_  
* \(P\)_,_ \(T\)_, and_ \(F\) _are the same as in the business petri net_ \(N\)_;_
* \(t_{s}\in T\)_,_ \(t_{s}\) _is the first activity of the service process and triggered by the customer;_
* \(t_{e}\in T\)_,_ \(t_{e}\) _is the activity of service delivery completion, and the customer must be the actor of it._  
**Definition 5**. : _Service process value model is a service value annotated petri net \(SVAN\) = (P, T, F, \(a_{s}\), \(a_{e}\), \(A\), \(V\)), where_  
* \(P\)_,_ \(T\)_, and  
* \(P\), \(T\), \(F\), \(t_{s}\), and \(t_{e}\) are the same as in the customer-oriented service petri net SN;
* \(A\) is a set of actors, \(\forall a\in A\), \(a\) can participate in at least one activity \(t_{i}\);
* \(V\) is a set of values, \(V\subseteq(A\times T)\cup(T\times A)\) is the input value and output value between actors and activities. Let raw data be \(D\), and event log be \(L\), then take the \"from BPM to SPM\" path as an example, the steps of building the service process value model are described as follows:  
1. Input the event log, \(L\), to generate a business process model, \(N\), by using process mining techniques. 2. Check the first activity in \(N\), if the value of the \"org:resource\" is a customer, then add the customer as the actor of it, and make it as \(t_{s}\) of the service petri net SN; or else add an activity, \(t_{s}\), as the first activity of the whole process, and take the customer as its actor, and consider whether the co-actor exists in it or not. 3. Check the activities in \(N\), if an activity to complete the delivery of the service, then add the customer as the actor of it and make it as \(t_{e}\) of the service petri net SN; or else add an activity, \(t_{e}\), in the appropriate position in the process, take the customer as its actor, and consider whether the co-actor exists in it or not. Then generate the service process model \(SN\). 4. Check all activities in \(SN\), to extract the value of the \"org:resource\" from the raw data, \(D\), and event log, \(L\), then get the set of actors, \(A\);
5. Combined with the domain knowledge, check the input value and output value between actors and activities in \(SN\), to extract the set of values, \(V\), from the raw data, \(D\), and event log, \(L\). 6. To annotate the value set \(V\) between actors in \(A\) and activities in \(T\) of the service process model \(SN\), then get the service process value model \(\mathit{SVAN}\). As shown in Figure 8, this is the general form of the service process value model. There are five activities and six actors in the model. The first activity is A, which is completed by two actors, that of the Customer and Actor1. We used a dashed box to enclose the Customer and Actor1 to indicate that they are working together to complete the activity. Since the customer's service requirement is the trigger of the process, we put the Customer in front of Actor1. Both the Customer and Actor1 have input and output value in the activity. Activity B is completed only by Actor2 and activity C is completed by Actor3 and Actor5 together. Activity D can be performed by Actor2 or Actor4, which is not cooperative, but alternative. Finally, the service needs to be delivered to the customer, so activity E needs to be completed by Actor5 and the Customer together. Since the customer is the receiver of the service, we put the Customer after Actor5. The service process starts from the customer's service demand and ends at the service delivery to the customer. Every activity in the service process is involved in value creation.