## 3 Results and Discussion
### Therapeutic Intervention and Symptom Change during the Proposed Program
#### 3.1.2 Session Two: Cognitive Reconstruction  
The second session was the stage of restructuring the subject's distorted cognition by finding the core beliefs that had a significant impact on his core being. He identified his traumatic events with his other experiences. He self-narrated his traumatic events: \"Sometimes I thought I might be mentally sick. When I see someone whom I don't like, I just want to kill them...so I thought I had a mental disease\". \"I'm just walking around...a random assault could happen to me\". [What is the random assault?] \"It's when suddenly, for no reason, someone just beats, assaults, and robs me.\" [Is that the same as your experience when a friend slapped the back of your head on the bus in high school?] \"Isn't it the same thing?\" [Can you tell me what you read in the newspaper about the random assault?] \"It was an assault and threats with a knife\".  
This is a typical symptom of CPTSD victims: a negative self-concept and cognitive distortion cause the emotional changes. After the initial stabilization technique was implemented at the start of the session (approximately 5 min from the beginning), the subject self-reported his interpersonal experience until the middle of the second session. During this self-reporting period, the subject exhibited depression and an abrupt decrease in the SDNN (Figure 2).  
Figure 1: Every 5 min SDNN and RMSSD in the first session. The 3 min data from the session start were removed from being considered as the stabilization time. In the period from minute 43 to minute 48 from the session start, the sensor was so loose that the data were recorded as notably high. The “X” mark denotes that period. The “T” marks are the trauma self-narratings. The “N” mark is the negative emotion changing abruptly. The “S” marks are the stabilization techniques. In this session, the first trauma self-narrating and the negative emotion change happened at around minute 15 simultaneously. At around minute 52, the second trauma self-narrating and the last stabilization technique were performed together.  
Immediately after the subject's self-narration of traumatic events at approximately 4 min, both the SDNN and RMSSD increased, as shown in Figure 3, which suggests that the self-narration induced the subject's psychological change. At approximately 74 min, the preferred sense of the subject among the five senses was explored. Based on the explored preferred sense, the second stabilization technique was performed. Psychological stability was self-reported as \"2\" in terms of the discomfort level, and increases in the SDNN and RMSSD were observed, as shown in Figure 2.  
Figure 3: Each 5 min SDNN and RMSSD in the third session. The 3 min data from the session start were omitted as being part of the stabilizing time. The “N” marks are the negative emotions changing abruptly. The “P” mark is the positive emotion changing abruptly. The “S” marks are the stabilization techniques. The “T” marks are the trauma self-narratings. In this session, at around minute 49, the trauma self-narrating and the negative emotion change happened simultaneously.  
Figure 2: Each 5 min SDNN and RMSSD in the second session. The 3 min data from the session start are omitted as part of the stabilizing time. The “S” marks are the stabilization techniques. The “N” marks are the negative emotion changing abruptly. The “T” mark is the trauma self-narrating.  
The stabilization technique, a bottom-up process, produced an immediate response to the HRV changes compared to the top-down process, such as the cognitive intervention method. Since the cognitive changes of those who experience CPTSD are chronic symptoms, the process of changing distorted cognition and thinking is likely to be a more difficult process. Therefore, during the top-down process, a dramatic change in HRV was not observed, unlike in the bottom-up intervention.