## 5 Discussion  
The \({}^{3}\)ColStar mission connects academia, industry, and government, encouraging collaboration among space exploration stakeholders to generate scientific and societal impact. It represents a groundbreaking collaboration in Colombia, uniting various sectors for the first time in a satellite initiative. Socially, the mission aims to extend IoT connectivity to remote areas in Colombia, where it is now limited or nonexistent. This endeavor will help to bridge the digital gap by bringing crucial communication capabilities to neglected areas. Additionally, the mission will engage school students with its findings, inspiring the next generation of scientists and engineers. Scientifically, the mission will analyze solar particle behavior through its primary weather sensor payload. This analysis is crucial for understanding space weather and its impact on Earth, contributing valuable data to the global scientific community. Technologically, the \({}^{3}\)ColStar mission will advance Colombia's expertise in developing space components and subsystems, as the majority of these components are manufactured locally. Collaboration among 13 institutions, including professors, researchers, and students at various academic levels, promotes national and international cooperation, boosting Colombia's space technology capabilities [57]. Using MBSE allows for the systematic integration of various technical, operational, and design aspects, resulting in a more comprehensive conception of the \({}^{3}\)ColStar mission. MBSE facilitated the early identification of key requirements, efficient risk management, and the optimization of system performance. The application of the Capella tool and Arcadia method enabled us to ensure that all subsystem designs were integrated and traceable back to the mission's high-level requirements. Throughout the preliminary design phase, the use of a unified model helped maintain consistency across all subsystems. Changes in one subsystem's design were reflected in the overall model, allowing for continuous verification and validation of the system's coherence. This integration was further supported by weekly meetings and coordination practices that addressed cross-functional issues, ensuring alignment with the mission objectives and design requirements. Additionally, the integration of Capella revealed that we could avoid design rework, streamlining the process and completing this initial phase in a shorter timeframe than anticipated. MBSE systematically captured and managed stakeholder expectations and technical requirements, decomposing them into functional, logical, and physical architectures. This structured approach provided clear traceability from requirements to design solutions, ensuring that every aspect of the mission was meticulously planned and validated. By adopting this methodology, we ensured that the \({}^{3}\)ColStar mission's technical and operational feasibility was thoroughly assessed and optimized from the early stages of development, leading to a more reliable satellite design. The process began with a thorough stakeholder analysis, including structured interviews and workshops to capture detailed input from mission sponsors, end-users, and technical experts. This information was documented through targeted questionnaires and reviewed existing documentation. Stakeholder expectations and technical requirements were then integrated into the Capella model, starting with the identification of high-level mission objectives. These objectives were decomposed into specific technical requirements and translated into functional specifications, which informed the functional architecture of the model. The functional architecture outlined necessary system functions and their interactions, which were then detailed into the logical architecture to describe the system's components and their relationships. The physical architecture further specified the actual hardware and software components.