## 4 Discussion
In line with those conclusions, our findings in adults aged 50 years and older living in the community reveal distinct patterns across age groups. Individuals aged 50-60 years exhibited both significant intrinsic and extrinsic fall risk factors. In contrast, those aged 60-70 years were primarily affected by extrinsic factors, including antidepressant, polypharmacy, and UpExt. Meanwhile, individuals aged 70 years and older showed only significant intrinsic factors, specifically an HoF. The findings have significant practical implications, emphasizing the need for nuanced approaches to predict fall risk accurately across different age groups. The multivariate analysis did not maintain all associations of fall risk factors when combined with the TUG test predictor. Therefore, we obtained more practical, efficient, and accessible predictive models, allowing us to implement preventive fall risk strategies in community environments. We also concluded when we applied logistic regression that the best predictive models are those adjusted to three specific age groups: 50-60 years, 60-70 years, and 70 years or more. For adults aged 50-60 years, the combination of the TUG test with self-reported HoF demonstrated excellent predictive accuracy, reinforcing the importance of prioritizing fall histories in younger adults. This simple self-reported question significantly enhances the identification of individuals at risk, enabling timely preventative measures. For adults aged 60-70 years, the inclusion of assistance need of upper extremities to stand up from a chair and the number of daily medications alongside the TUG test proved particularly effective. This finding highlights the interplay between functional ability and polypharmacy in fall risk, as stated in previous studies [36; 37], indicating that clinicians should focus on medication reviews and functional assessments in this age group. For adults aged 70 and older, HoF and benzodiazepine use were associated with fall risk. The incorporation of the benzodiazepine use in the model highlights the aggravated risk represented by sedative medications, as reported in other studies [15; 19; 21; 22], and highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses medication management, history of falls, and interventions focused on mobility, adapted to the elderly. When evaluating the entire population aged 50 years or older, the model's weaker discriminatory ability reinforces the importance of age-specific stratification for effective fall risk assessment. As noted in previous studies, a one-size-fits-all approach may dilute predictive accuracy [38; 39]. It is therefore essential for healthcare providers to adopt tailored models that account for age-related differences in risk factors [40]. These findings offer a practical framework for stratifying fall risk and adapting interventions to the unique needs of different age groups. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of incorporating this knowledge into patient-focused materials, such as leaflets and brochures, as these are effective mediums [2] for raising self-awareness about modifiable risk factors that emerge throughout the lifespan, and they are relevant to providing guidance and to improving educational fall-prevention interventions in contexts such as primary health care or social health settings (day centers or others). Based on the study's findings, the authors wish to highlight several practical implications: Primary healthcare providers and social health programs should regularly administer the TUG test, along with questionnaires assessing risk factors, to effectively identify older adults at increased risk of falling and facilitate timely, targeted interventions. Early identification of risk factors is crucial, as these risks differ across the life cycle and can change over time. Fall prevention efforts should address both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, incorporating physical activity (such as balance and strength training) and education.