## 1 Introduction
System degradation instead affects larger parts of the plant and can be triggered through shading, soiling, etc. Therefore, an analysis of PLR can be useful to understand the long-term financial performance of a PV system with respect to anticipating energy production over the project lifetime. Different types of PV modules degrade at a different rate. A meta-analysis of 11,000 PV systems concluded that the median PLR was \(-0.5\%\) to \(-0.6\%\) per year and the mean average PLR was \(-0.8\%\) to \(-0.9\%\) per year [8]. Although the PLR was found to be lower, it still exceeded \(1\%\)/year in the first year of operation and then was stable between the second and the third year [5]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Location**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Module**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Temp. Coeff. of**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Rated d.c.**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Haray**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Array**} \\
**Country, City** & **Climate Class** & **Description** & **Types** & **(\%/K)** & **Power, P\({}_{0}\)** & **(\%/P)** & **Inverter** & **Tilt Angle** & **Orientation** & **Area, A\({}_{a}\)** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Italy, Bolzano} & \multirow{2}{*}{Cfb} & Temperate, & \multirow{2}{*}{p-Si (210W)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.457} & \multirow{2}{*}{4.20} & SMA SB & \multirow{2}{*}{188.50} & \multirow{2}{*}{29.70} \\  & & no dry season, warm summer & & & & & & \\ \hline Indonesia, & \multirow{2}{*}{Af} & Topical, & \multirow{2}{*}{p-Si (PS 220-6P-S)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.490} & \multirow{2}{*}{1.76} & SMA & \multirow{2}{*}{10} & \multirow{2}{*}{180.00} & \multirow{2}{*}{13.14} \\ Pekanbaru & & rainforest & & & & & & \\ \hline Indonesia, & \multirow{2}{*}{Af} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem} & \multirow{2}{*}{p-Si (ASL-M100E)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.480} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.00} & SMA SMC & \multirow{2}{*}{10} & \multirow{2}{*}{15} & \multirow{2}{*}{33.50} \\  & & hotVitse 8 & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10} Australia, & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10} Alice Springs & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BWh} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem/Site 23} & \multirow{2}{*}{CfTe (CX-50)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.250} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.40} & SMA SMC & \multirow{2}{*}{20} & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{77.76} \\  & & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{6-10}  & BWh & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BWh} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem/Site 28} & \multirow{2}{*}{CfTe (PS-387)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.250} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.60} & Idem & \multirow{2}{*}{20} & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{46.08} \\  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BWh} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem/Site 10} & \multirow{2}{*}{mono-Si (SPR-215-WHT-I)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.38} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.81} & Idem & \multirow{2}{*}{20} & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{33.59} \\  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BWh} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem/Site 12} & \multirow{2}{*}{mono-Si (BP 4170N)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.50} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.10} & Idem & \multirow{2}{*}{20} & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{37.81} \\  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{BWh} & \multirow{2}{*}{Idem/Site 13} & \multirow{2}{*}{mono-Si (TSM-175 DC01)} & \multirow{2}{*}{-0.45} & \multirow{2}{*}{5.26} & Idem & \multirow{2}{*}{20} & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{38.37} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: General information about the photovoltaic (PV) systems studied.