# In-Line Target Production for Laser IFE
## 4 FST-TL in the Single-Shot Laser Experiments  
The FST-TL system shown in Figure 9 can also be used in the laser experiments on a single-shot target irradiation. In this case, it is necessary to capture the injected target on a holder precisely located in advance at the given point. We conducted a series of experiments on the target injection using some different holders: tripod-holder, vacuum suspension on a glass capillary, hohlraum-like unit, and PMG-holder. In our experiments we have used the gravity injector mounted at the end of the FST-LM. This injector covers a fairly small solid angle (about 15\({}^{0}\)) which is no greater than the solid angle of any diagnostic means in the reaction chamber. The target transport by injection is an excellent springboard for overcoming a departure between two concepts: mounted and free-standing targets. Figure 10a shows the relative position of the \"injector--holder\" couple for a multi-beam laser facility, as well as the results of experimental modeling of the free-standing target assembly with the tripod-holder  
Figure 11: (**a–c**): A set of the injection experiments at cryogenic temperatures. Figure 10: On-holder injection experiments at 300 K (1-6 is the sequence of video frames of the experiment): (**a**) free target positioning onto the TC bottom; (**b**) target injection to a special cylindrical cavity imitating a hohlraum-like unit; (**c**) target injection to a circular PMG-holder. prearranged at a given point of the test chamber. A final adjustment of the target position relative to the position of the laser focus is carried out using piezoelectric sensors mounted in the tripod base. In Figure 10a, the following designations are accepted: 1--is the retractable cryogenic shroud which must be removed just before the moment of the target irradiation by a laser, 2--output flange; 3--piezoelectric supports made of quartz; 4--nozzle for the target injection from the FST-LM; 5--shell with fuel layer; 6--threads forming a tripod; 7--thread tensioner. The tripod-holder does not require the use of glue for mounting the target, which increases the reliability of operation at cryogenic temperatures and provides a minimum contact area between the target and the threads. The alignment accuracy is +20 \(\upmu\)m. The principle of the target alignment is based on the inverse piezoelectric effect which realized by using three rectangular micro-supports made of quartz piezoelectric elements located as shown in Figure 10a (item 3). At the output flange Figure 10a (item 2) there are electrical contacts (not shown in the figure) through which a signal is applied to change the dimensions of these piezoelectric elements. They are small in size and able to work at cryogenic temperatures with a minimal heat loss. The target characterization is based on a backlight shadowgraphy which is a widely used imaging technique. It can provide high contrast object images for a better understanding of an object's shape or size [33]. Specialized software is developed to automatically determine the coordinates of the target and generate commands for correcting its position in real time. Figure 10b shows the details of the injection process on the tripod-holder (1, 2, 3 are the frames before, during, and after the shell injection). The experimental conditions are as follows: CH shell of 2 mm in diameter, the chamber wall temperature is T = 300 K, the pressure inside it is 1 Torr, the holder is the tripod made from three glass fibers (10 \(\upmu\)m in diameter).