# Intelligent Monitoring and Compensation between EDM and ECM
## 1 Introduction  
The micromachining and manufacturing of large workpieces is challenging in industries that require high efficiency and precision, particularly the aerospace industry. Although demand for structural materials with high strength, hardness, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance has been growing in industries such as health care, aerospace, and the automotive industry, the application of special materials in traditional machining is difficult. Thus, traditional drilling, milling, and machining processes are gradually being replaced by electrical machining [1]. Nickel-based materials have excellent creep, corrosion, and thermal fatigue resistance at high temperatures, and so nickel-based alloys (e.g., Inconel 718) are widely used in the aerospace industry [2; 3; 4]. The development of new materials and processes in the aerospace industry still presents numerous challenges, making it difficult to improve efficiency; therefore, the development of this technology warrants investigation. The manufacturing industry is rapidly changing. Following technological advancements in manufacturing, supply chain restructuring, and numerous specific production processes, production lines are gradually becoming more automated. When technical barriers to the research and development of new products are reduced and the product life cycle is shortened, faster and more flexible production methods are required to satisfy consumer demand. The objectives of addressing such problems typically involve (1) the minimization of trim loss, (2) avoidance of production overruns, and (3) avoidance of unnecessary slitter setups. This is particularly crucial in processes that have multiple applications [5]. The approach to implementing these changes is typically somewhat conservative. Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a highly cost-effective, high-strength machining method. The processing of heat-resistant materials into complex shapes through ECM is easy. However, this process is influenced by material and workpiece structure because the hydrodynamic instability of the anode boundary layer affects surface roughness [6]. In 1928, [PERSON] et al. proposed the ECM method, which entails converting the positive and negative ions of two conductive materials into electrons by using electrolyte solutions to achieve the mutual conversion of chemical and electrical energy between the electrolyte solutions [7]. ECM has been actively used in the aerospace industry since the 1950s, but the development of ECM has been slowed by the increasing popularity of electrical discharge machining (EDM). ECM has received renewed attention because ECM provides high hardness and composite material for the rapid machining of complex geometries [8; 9]. Accuracy and surface roughness are technical difficulties of ECM that require further research. In the process of ECM refinement, the boundary conditions during machining can be analyzed through simulation, and the optimal machining conditions can be determined from the input changes of key parameters and simulation processes [10; 11; 12]. The material removal rate (MRR) is calculated using a thermal model, and the temperature distribution in the affected processing zone is analyzed using the finite element method to estimate its MRR [13]. Four parameters such as feed rate, electrolyte, flow rate, voltage, MRR, roughness, and overcut can be analyzed [14; 15]. The neural network model is used for MRR prediction. In our training set, the control variables of voltage, feed rate, electrolytic concentration, and conductivity had a mean percentage of error (MAPE) of 0.0067, indicating that the control variable factor of the training set was highly correlated with the self-variable factor [16; 17]. Processing can be predicted and product precision can be maintained using protocols described in the literature. EDM is a nontraditional mechanical process that uses a pulsed electrical discharge to generate thermoelectric energy between a workpiece and an electrode, thereby melting conductive materials.