# Preparations for Galileo PRS in Poland
## 3 PRS Service Management Authority  
A designated Competent PRS Authority (CPA) is required in each EU Member State using PRS or manufacturing PRS technologies. The CPA has an essential role in implementing and managing the PRS across the European Union. In Poland, the CPA has been operating since September 2014 as part of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, and more specifically, its ICT Department's Radio Communications and Satellite Systems Unit [3].  
The main tasks of CPA Poland include issuing permits for access to the PRS service and for manufacturing of PRS equipment or development of PRS technologies, as well as supervising of PRS users. This organization is also responsible for the supervision of the R&D projects in the PRS area and of the institutions involved in them.  
For the management of the PRS signal, there are also two major ground facilities:  
* GSMC (Galileo Security Monitoring Centre) which guarantees that sensitive information related to the use of the PRS service is properly managed and protected, and it also serves as an interface with government entities for requests for cryptographic keys and with the basic components of Galileo for the management of signal messages related to satellites.
* GCC (Galileo Control Centre), whose main duties include the monitoring and control of the space segment, the processing of data and system assets distributed throughout the world and the support for ground activities prior to the launch of satellites.  
The procedure of keying the PRS receivers is presented in a simplified way in Figure 2. The End User submits a PRS Request to the national CPA, which is subsequently transferred to the GSMC and next to the GCC. After validation, the keys are transferred back to the CPA, where the End User terminal is keyed using Black Box Key Management Equipment (BBKME).  
It is worth noting that the National Institute of Telecommunications (NIT), with which the authors of the article are affiliated, actively supports CPA Poland in the process of formally launching the Galileo PRS service in Poland. The cooperation includes: (a) joint participation in the international R&D projects, (b) preparation for the national Galileo PRS equipment evaluation measurements and (c) development of the Polish GNSS threats detection system concept (financed by the Chancellery of the Prime Minister and with additional cooperation of the Office of Electronic Communications).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Frequency Band** & **E1** & **E6** & **E5a \& E5b** \\ \hline Service Name & OS data/pilot & PRS & CS data/pilot & PRS & E5a data/pilot \\ Center frequency & \(1575.42\) MHz & & 1278.75 MHz & & 1191.795 MHz \\ Access technique & CDMA & & CDMA & CDMA \\ Spreading modulation & CBOC(6, 1, 1/11) & BOC\({}_{\text{cos}}\)(15, 2.5) & BPSK(5) & BOC\({}_{\text{cos}}\)(10, 5) & AltBOC(15, 10) \\ Subcarrier frequency & 1.023 MHz and & 13.345 MHz & - & 10.23 MHz & 15.345 MHz \\ Code-frequency & 1.023 MHz & 2.5575 MHz & & 5.115 MHz & 10.23 MHz \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: The Galileo signal technical characteristics in different bands.