# Seasonal Variability and Effect of Sample Storage on Volatile Components in _Calypogeia azurea_
## 2 Results and Discussion
### The Effect of Seasonality on the Content of Volatile Organic Compounds
**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Compounds**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**RI \({}^{\star}\)**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Code \({}^{\text{b}}\)**} \\ \cline{3-6}  & & & **C-41** & **C-42** & **C-43** \\ \hline
1 & 2-methyl-1-propanol & \(<\)700 & - & - & - \\
2 & pentanal & \(<\)700 & 0.0  
This percentage drops in autumn, which may be due to _Calypogeia azurea_'s reaction to fewer hours of sunshine per day and the amount of water in the soil. In nature, light plays an irreplaceable role in plant growth and inducing or regulating plant metabolism. In response to light radiation, plants can adapt to changing conditions by releasing and accumulating various specialized metabolites. During experiments, it was shown that plants exposed to drought stress accumulate higher concentrations of specialized metabolites. The changes in the composition of the specialized metabolites described above are caused by differences in the exposure of the plant to the sun, to water, and nutrients in various stages of vegetation, which in turn affects the metabolic processes of the plant. The described seasonal variability (spring-summer-autumn) for selected compounds is presented in Figure 2. However, no significant differences were observed in the composition of the specialized metabolites resulting from the location of the sites. Samples collected in the Beskid Sadecki or Karkonosze Mountains have a similar composition. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**No.**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Compounds**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**RI\({}^{*}\)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Code\({}^{\text{b}}\)**} \\ \hline  & & & **C-41** & **C-42** & **C-43** \\ \hline  71 & 202[M+[92]) 143(100) 128(78) & 1689 & 0.15 (0.02) & 0.14 (0.03) & 0.12 (0.02) \\  72 & 220[M+[11]) 109(100) 121(51) & 1695 & & - & 0.04 (0.01) \\  73 & 220[M+[13]) 159(100) 145(89) & 1710 & 0.15 (0.02) & 0.07 (0.01) & 0.21 (0.03) \\  74 & 4-(cyclopent-1-enyl)benzoic acid & methyl ester & 1722 & 17.31 (0.44) & 15.02 (0.42) & 12.59 (0.42) \\  75 & 216[M+[10]) 202(100) 159(96) & 1744 & 0.07 (0.01) & 0.10 (0.02) & 0.09 (0.02) \\  76 & 216[M+[14]) 202(100) 143(81) & 1784 & 0.05 (0.01) & 0.01 (\({}^{\intercal}\)) & 0.04 (0.01) \\  77 & germera-435,510(14)-rien-1 & 1801 & 0.47 (0.09) & 0.51 (0.09) & 1.02 (0.10) \\  & alpha-ol & & & & \\  78 & 1,4-dimethyl-?-(1-methylmethyl)- & 1823 & 0.08 (0.01) & 0.09 (0.01) & 0.06 (0.01) \\  & anzule & & & & \\  79 & methyl?-2-methylzuzule-1- & 2025 & 1.42 (0.10) & 1.32 (0.10) & 1.54 (0.14) \\  & carboxylate & & & & \\ \hline  & Total & & 97.50 (4.35) & 97.41 (4.35) & 98.02 (6.19) \\ \hline  & \% Identified & & 89.39 (3.40) & 89.07 (3.31) & 83.64 (4.46) \\  & Including & & & & \\  & Aliphatics & & & & \\  & Aromatics & & & & \\  & Monoterpene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Monoterpene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Monoterpene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Sesquirepene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Sesquirepene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Sesquirepene hydrocarbons & & & & \\  & Sesquirepene hydrocarbons & & & & \\ \hline  & -, \({}^{*}\) less than 0.01\%. \({}^{\text{a}}\) Retention index on Quadex 007-5 MS column. \({}^{\text{b}}\) For abbreviations of samples, see Table 1. () standard deviation. & & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: _Cont._  
Figure 2: Comparison of the percentage of VOC in the three seasons. Compounds: 1—anastreptene (**25**), 2—\(\delta\)-elemene (**22**), 3—selina-5,11-diene (**41**), 4—germacrene D (**47**), 5—bicyclogermacrene (**49**), 6—cuparene (**51**). Seasons: \(\blacksquare\) spring, \(\blacksquare\) summer, \(\blacksquare\) autumn. To date, it has been reported in the literature that the accumulation of VOC depends on various environmental factors such as light, temperature, soil water, soil fertility, and salinity, and for most plants, a change in one factor can change the VOC content even if other factors remain constant.