# The Spatial Optimization of Emergency Shelters Based on an Urban-Scale Evacuation Simulation
## 5 Results  
### Urban-Scale Evacuation Simulation  
Table 2 presents detailed data regarding the situation of the demand points after evacuation simulation under the condition of short-term fixed shelter capacity constraints, including the number of people evacuated to each target shelter and the time spent evacuating, the number of people evacuated, and the number of remaining non-evacuated people who had not been evacuated at each demand point. The statistics reveal that, among the 2334 demand points, 1654 were completely evacuated, and the remaining 680 were not completely evacuated. The average number of remaining non-evacuated people at each demand point was approximately 4396, and the frequency distribution of the number of non-evacuated people is shown in Figure 5. In terms of the frequency distribution interval of the evacuation time, the average evacuation time for all the evacuated people entering the shelters was 10.3 min, the shortest evacuation time was within 1 min, and the longest was approximately 3 h. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Route ID**} & **Demand Point** & **Shelter Point** & **N. of People** & **Evacuation** & **N. of People** & **N. of Non-** \\  & **ID** & **ID** & **on the Route** & **Time (s)** & **Evacuated** & **Evacuated People** \\ \hline... &... &... &... &... &... &... \\  
... &... &... &... &... &... &... \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The evacuation time and evacuee information for each demand point after the evacuation simulation. Table 3 reports detailed information regarding the status of the short-term fixed shelters after the evacuation simulation under capacity constraints, including the number of people that the shelter could still accommodate, the time it took until the shelter stopped allocating evacuees (the evacuees that were received in the shelter and those that were on the route to the shelter that reached the upper limit of its capacity), and the time it took for the shelter to be full (the time at which all the evacuees on the route had entered the shelters and there were no evacuees left on the route). The statistics show that, of the 888 short-term fixed shelters, only 218 did not reach their maximum capacity, accounting for 24.55%. For the shelters that reached full capacity, the average time that passed before people were no longer evacuated to the shelter was approximately 5 min, and the average time it took for the shelters to reach their maximum capacity was approximately 14.6 min. The distribution of the remaining non-evacuated people at the demand points (in the context of short-term fixed sheltering) is presented in Figure 6. In general, the four districts were distributed with demand points that were not completely evacuated, although Yuexiu and Liwan (the old urban areas) had more. It can be seen from Table 4 that, in the context of short-term fixed sheltering, Haizhu had the largest number of remaining non-evacuated people (approximately 1.11 million), followed by Yuexiu, Tianhe, and Liwan; the average number of remaining non-evacuated people at the demand points in Yuexiu was the largest (2184). The maximum number of remaining non-evacuated people among the demand points in all four districts was considerable, and that of Haizhu was the largest. The status of the demand points in the context of emergency sheltering was similar to that in the context of short-term fixed sheltering. The scale and distribution of the remaining  
Figure 5: The number of remaining non-evacuated people for each demand point.