## 3 Water Transport Systems of Mining Industry: Evaluating Advanced Inspection Technologies
### Preliminary Selection of Potential Pipeline Inspection Technologies
The technology is non-intrusive and capable of detecting both internal and external corrosion simultaneously, providing critical insights into pipeline integrity and material composition. Despite these advantages, ILI requires accessible pipeline segments compatible with in-line inspection devices and is most effective with pipelines that maintain consistent diameter and wall thickness. These requirements, along with the need for specific pipeline geometries to accommodate the robotic platform, can restrict ILI's application in certain mining pipeline segments that may not conform to such specifications. Advanced inspection technologies are critical for detecting early signs of corrosion and structural weakness in mine water pipelines. Non-disruptive methods such as Guided Wave Ultrasonic Testing and Magnetic Flux Leakage are highly effective in detecting uniform corrosion. These technologies provide comprehensive coverage of large sections of pipeline and allow consistent assessment of wall thickness without disrupting operations. For example, Figure 3a shows GWUT being applied to an above-ground pipeline, where transmitted and reflected waves enable the identification of uniform corrosion and wall thinning, even in inaccessible sections. Galvanic corrosion, which typically results from contact between dissimilar metals, can be effectively monitored using electrical continuity testing, potential difference measurements, and targeted visual inspections of high-risk joints and soil interfaces. For stress-related weaknesses, Figure 3b depicts the Magnetic Metal Memory technique, where a specialized device attached to the pipeline surface detects stress concentration zones that could lead to early failures, particularly in harsh mine water environments. Following a detailed analysis of the mine water pipeline requirements and a thorough evaluation of advanced inspection methods, three technologies were selected for suitability, namely Guided Wave Ultrasonic Testing, Magnetic Metal Memory, and In-Line Inspection. Figure 3c presents the smart ball technology, which uses integrated acoustic and magnetometer sensors to detect leaks in submerged or semi-buried pipelines. To detect pitting corrosion, which is more localized, techniques such as eddy current testing or high-resolution ultrasonic scanning offer precise detection of small, deep defects. Figure 3d highlights multiple ultrasonic transducers integrated into a robotic tool, enabling high-resolution scanning of localized pitting corrosion inside semi-buried or buried pipelines. Additionally, Figure 3e showcase robotic ILI tools with MFL spiral and axial sensors, combined with electromagnetic acoustic transducers, which address the challenges of  
Figure 3: Overview of Pipeline Inspection Technologies for Mining Water Systems. **(a)** Guided Wave Ultrasonic Testing and **(b)** Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM). In-Line Inspection (ILI) technologies: **(c)** smart balls and robotic solutions based on Magnetic Flux Leakage combined with **(d)** ultrasonic and **(e)** electromagnetic acoustic transducer. detecting corrosion in buried and semi-buried pipelines while maintaining accuracy and reliability in harsh conditions.