# Advances, Progress, and Future Directions of Renewable Wind Energy in Brazil (2000-2025-2050)
## 3 Wind Farm Projects: Experiences in Brazil
### Offshore Wind Energy Projects--Future Facilities (2025-2050)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Number** & **Offshore Wind** & **Region** & **Concession Owner** & **Unit Capacity (MW)** & **Number of** & **Installed Capacity (MW)** \\ \hline
1 & Ventos do Sul & South & Ventos do Atlantico & 13.5 & 482 & 6507 \\
2 & Alpha & Northeast & Alpha Wind Morro Branco & 15 & 400 & 6000 \\
3 & Farol Wind Power & Northeast & SPE Bravo Vento & 15 & 380 & 5700 \\  & Marine Vortic & South & SPE Bravo Vento. & 15 & 348 & 5220 \\  & WOS & Ventos do Atlantico & Southeast & Ventos do Atlantico & 13.5 & 371 & 5008 \\
6 & Asa Branca III & Northeast & Eolica Brasil & 15 & 288 & 4320 \\
7 & Asa Branca IV & Northeast & Eolica Brasil & 15 & 288 & 4320 \\  & Costa Nordeste & Northeast & Geradora Eolica & 15 & 256 & 3840 \\  & Offshore & & Brigade I & 15 & 256 & 3840 \\
9 & Aracatu & Southeast & Equinor Brasil Energia & 12 & 320 & 3840 \\
10 & Turmalainen & South & Bluefloat Energy do Brasil & 20 & 159 & 3180 \\
11 & Projeto Pecem & Northeast & Shell Brasil Petroleo & 14 & 215 & 3010 \\
12 & Projeto Acu & Southeast & Shell Brasil Petroleo & 14 & 215 & 3010 \\
13 & Projeto Galinhos & Northeast & Shell Brasil Petroleo & 14 & 215 & 3010 \\
14 & Projeto White & South & Shell Brasil Petroleo & 14 & 215 & 3010 \\ Shark & South & & Neoenergia Renováveis & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
15 & Jangada & Northeast & Totalenergies Petroleo and & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
16 & Sopros do Ceará & Northeast & H2 Green Power Ltd.a. & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
17 & H2 GPCEA & Northeast & Shizen Energia do Brasil & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
18 & Araras Geracao & Eölica Offshore & & CEMIG Geracao e & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
19 & Mar de Minas II & Northeast & Transmissão SA & 15 & 200 & 3000 \\
20 & Amazonita & South & Bluefloat Energy do Brasil & 20 & 150 & 3000 \\  & & & & **Total Installed Capacity Pro-** & 77,795 \\  & & & & **Capacity Pro-** & 77,795 \\  & & & & **jected** & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 14: Offshore wind farm projects in Brazil are expected for the period 2025–2050. The capacity factor in this region can approach 50%, making it highly competitive internationally. However, it is important to consider seasonal variability, as winds can decrease slightly during the rainy season (between March and July). Even so, the overall stability of the winds and the proximity to consumption centers in cities such as Fortaleza and Recife make the Northeast a priority region for offshore wind development [27]. The Southeast of Brazil, which includes states such as Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, presents more variable conditions than the Northeast. Hourly wind speed profiles in this region show a greater influence of frontal systems and sea breezes, with average speeds ranging between 6 and 8 m/s. Winds tend to be strong during the early morning and early afternoon hours, with a slight decrease in the afternoon [27] (Figure 23). The capacity factor in the Southeast is generally lower than in the Northeast, hovering around 25-45%. This is due to greater variability in wind patterns and the influence of meteorological phenomena such as cold fronts, which can alter the consistency of the wind resource. However, the proximity to the country's main industrial and economic centers, such as Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, justifies investment in offshore wind farms in this region, provided the technology is optimized to adapt to these conditions [27]. The Southern region of Brazil, which includes states such as Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, is characterized by a greater influence of extratropical systems and cold  
Figure 23: Simulation of capacity factors of offshore wind energy in different regions of Brazil. fronts, which generate stronger and more constant winds during the winter. Hourly wind speed profiles show significant peaks at night and early morning, with average speeds reaching 9 m/s in offshore areas [27] (Figure 23). The capacity factor in this region is comparable to that of the Northeast, with values that can exceed 50%, especially during the winter months.