## 5 Discussion
### Application  
This study harnesses machine learning to explore the potential therapeutic properties of essential oils in treating Alzheimer's Disease. Our study underscores the potential of integrating computational models with traditional pharmacological approaches to accelerate the discovery of novel therapeutic agents.  
The biological relevance of selected compounds provides insights into possible mechanisms of action against Alzheimer's Disease progression. 1,8-Cineole, commonly found in eucalyptus oil, has been documented for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [63]. Research indicates that 1,8-Cineole can modulate the activity of key enzymes and inflammatory mediators in the brain, which are crucial in the pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. By potentially reducing oxidative stress 1,8-Cineole is reported for its significant antioxidant and anti-Alzheimer's Disease activities, which provide a potential medicinal approach for Alzheimer's Disease [64].  
Camphene, another significant compound identified, exhibits strong antioxidant properties that may protect neuronal cells from oxidative stress which is a known contributor to Alzheimer's Disease. Found in high concentrations in ginger and rosmary oils, Camphene's role in reducing oxidative damage underscores its relevance in slowing disease progression [65].  
Additionally, \(\alpha\)-Pinene has demonstrated potential in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme associated with the degradation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is notably diminished in Alzheimer's Disease patients. By modulating acetylcholine levels, \(\alpha\)-Pinene may improve cognitive function and communication between neurons, providing a plausible mechanism through which essential oils could benefit Alzheimer's Disease patients [66].  
Understanding the interactions of these bioactive compounds with the biological pathways affected by Alzheimer's Disease allows us to hypothesize their mechanisms of action. This not only enhances our understanding of disease pathology but also directs future research toward interventions that could modulate these pathways more effectively. For instance, the anti-inflammatory properties of 1,8-Cineole could be leveraged to develop treatments that target inflammation-related pathways in Alzheimer's Disease.  
The insights gained from our experimental analysis suggest new directions for research into the therapeutic potential of essential oils and their constituents. Further in vivo and clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings and to assess the efficacy and safety of these compounds in human populations.  
Figure 12: Visualizing the performance of the three classification models on the _more_than_50_compounds_ and PCA datasets.  
This study proposes a framework for integrating essential oils into existing treatment strategies. Compounds such as 1,8-Cineole, Camphene, and \(\alpha\)-Pinene, highlighted for their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, could synergistically enhance the effectiveness of current pharmacological treatments like cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. Moreover, the antioxidative properties of these compounds suggest their use in preventative strategies aimed at high-risk populations, potentially delaying or even preventing the onset of Alzheimer's symptoms. This study invites a re-evaluation of current treatment protocols and encourages the development of holistic, multi-targeted treatment approaches. These insights could foster innovative clinical trials and might lead to the development of a new class of neuroprotective medications that address the complex pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease more comprehensively.