# A Meta-Analysis on Dual Protocols for Chronic Stroke Motor Recovery: Robotic Training and tDCS
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Types of Interventions and Control
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Study** & **Study** & **Total** & **Age** & **Gender** & **TSO** & **Stroke** & **Affected** & **Motor Impairment** & **Recovery** \\  & **Design** & **(N)** & **(yrs)** & & **(month)** & **Type** & **Hemisphere** & **Level** & **Stage** \\ \hline Hu & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{18} & \multirow{2}{*}{54.1 \(\pm\) 10.6} & 5 F & \multirow{2}{*}{34.6 \(\pm\) 19.9} & 6 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{10 R 8 L} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 33.7 \(\pm\) 8.1 (sham) & \\ \hline Kasashima & \multirow{2}{*}{N-RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{18} & \multirow{2}{*}{48.0-53.5} & 5 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{46.2-56.4} & 9 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{11 R 7 L} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 38.3 \(\pm\) 16.8 & \\ \[PERSON] & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{12} & \multirow{2}{*}{75.9 \(\pm\) 7.0} & 10 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{2 M} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.9} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{8 R, 4 L} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{Subacute} \\  & & & & & & & & & 41.8 \(\pm\) 14.5 (sham) & \\ \[PERSON] & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{39} & \multirow{2}{*}{67.5-68.74} & 24 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{0.8} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{22 R, 17 L} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{Subacute} \\  & & & & & & & & & 34.1 \(\pm\) 14.2 & \\ \[PERSON] & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{18} & \multirow{2}{*}{59.8 \(\pm\) 13.5} & 6 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{12 M} & \multirow{2}{*}{13–133} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{8 L, 10 R} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 19.2 \\ \[PERSON] & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{23} & \multirow{2}{*}{58.2 \(\pm\) 14.4} & 11 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{14.7 \(\pm\) 13.1} & 4 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{8 R, 15 L} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{S \& C} \\  & & & & & & & & & 22.8 \(\pm\) 14.9 & \\ \[PERSON] & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{23} & \multirow{2}{*}{63.4 \(\pm\) 12.0} & 9 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{2–90} & 5 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & FMA-UE & \multirow{2}{*}{S \& C} \\  & & & & & & & & & 32.3 \(\pm\) 16.6 & \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{l}{Lower Limb Rehabilitation} \\ \hline Danz1 & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{8} & \multirow{2}{*}{67.8 \(\pm\) 12.6} & 4 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{33.5 \(\pm\) 22.9} & 2 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{8 L} & 10-MWT & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 65.6–117.4 s & \\ \hline Geroin & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & \multirow{2}{*}{62.7 \(\pm\) 6.4} & 7 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{23 M} & \multirow{2}{*}{26.4 \(\pm\) 5.5} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & 6-MWT & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 156.1–162.9 m & \\ \hline Leon & \multirow{2}{*}{N-RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{50} & \multirow{2}{*}{48.7 \(\pm\) 11.2} & 15 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{1.9 \(\pm\) 1.1} & 21 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{26 R, 24 L} & FAC & \multirow{2}{*}{Subacute} \\  & & & & & & & & 29.1 & \\ \hline Picelli & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} & \multirow{2}{*}{62.5} & 8 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{22 M} & \multirow{2}{*}{56.4} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & \multirow{2}{*}{NA} & 6-MWT & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 181.1–182.5 m & \\ \hline Seo & \multirow{2}{*}{RCT} & \multirow{2}{*}{21} & \multirow{2}{*}{62.0 \(\pm\) 8.7} & 5 F, & \multirow{2}{*}{16 M} & \multirow{2}{*}{75.5–152.5} & 5 H, & \multirow{2}{*}{13 R, 8 L} & FAC & \multirow{2}{*}{Chronic} \\  & & & & & & & & & 3.5–3.6 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Abbreviations. 6-MWT: 6 min walk test; 10-MWT: 10 m walk test; B: blind; C: chronic; COVR: crossover; F: female; FAC: functional ambulatory category; FMA-UE: the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity; H: hemorrhagic; I: ischemic; L: left; M: male; N: no; NA: not available; R: right; RCT: randomized controlled trials; S: subacute; SIAS stroke impairment assessment set; TSO: time since stroke onset.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Cont.