# Interference Aware Resource Control for 6G-Enabled Expanded IoT Networks
## 1 Introduction  
The Internet of things (IoT) has changed the way we interact with and use our devices. It has a significant impact on the consumer electronics. IoT offers connectivity, automation, integration, personalization to the proliferating consumer devices. The functionality and efficiency of consumer devices, communication nodes, sensor nodes, mobile terminals is highly dependent on the next generation of IoT, which needs to be robust, intelligent and secure. Next generation IoT offers connected support to the consumers for personalized experience. But with the growing number of IoT devices comes challenges. Network congestion, reduced network speed, security risks, interoperability issues, compatability issues, data management, and battery management are the major challenges [1]. The power consumption or the energy overhead of the battery-powered IoT devices or consumer nodes led to severe energy crisis in next generation IoT network. For this, energy-efficient network designs coupled with energy harvesting techniques are required to offer sustainable solutions for next-gen IoT [2]. The heterogeneous IoT networks need to perform seamlessly, for which dynamic network frameworks are needed to support interoperability, integrationand coordination [3]. Owing to the increasing number of IoT nodes and communicating terminals, the storage and security of the huge data are a challenge. The vulnerability of IoT devices and data to various threats require robust security mechanisms [4]. To overcome these challenges and to equip the next generation of IoT devices with powerful computing capabilities, intelligent decision-making, and better data management and security, future wireless technologies play an important role [5]. The sixth generation (6G) technology with extended fifth generation (5G) capabilities, offers high data rates, reduced latency and ultra-high reliability [6; 7]. Multiple-antenna technologies [8], intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) [9], heterogeneous networks (HetNets) [10], millimetre wave (mmWave) technology [11] are the breakthrough technologies of beyond 5G and 6G. The channels in 6G wireless networks involve non-stationarity, uncertain wireless propagation and high-mobility which require efficient modelling and characterisation for improved performance evaluation [12]. The channel measurements for different 6G wireless scenarios are different for all frequency bands [13]. MmWave technology suffers from shorter wavelengths and large signalling overhead [14; 15] while HetNets cannot result in increased data rates after a certain cell density. Cell-free massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) is a key 6G technology that provides connected support to the communicating user nodes. With the help of multiple access points (APs) large number of nodes are being served by removing the cell boundaries such that the cell-edge traffic congestion is eliminated [16]. By distributing the radio access among multiple APs, it enhances network coverage, supports network scalability and reduces latency [17]. Through the cooperative processing capabilities of APs, it enables decentralisation such that the fault tolerance and network resilience is improved [18]. The 6G enabled cell-free network supports proliferating connected devices in the network with the help of cooperating APs, and thus is scalable [19]. This is different from MIMO and massive MIMO, which provide coverage to the nodes within the cell boundaries serviced by a centrally placed multi-antenna base station (BS) [20; 21]. These suffer from the drawbacks of inter-cell interference, cell-edge traffic congestion and call drops owing to handovers [22]. The main idea of cell-free massive MIMO is to deploy large number of APs in a given coverage area to provide network connectivity and support to the IoT nodes [23]. The APs cooperate among themselves in order to serve the communicating nodes such that the network performance is enhanced [24; 25]. The APs are connected through cloud processors called central processing units (CPUs) [26].