## 1 Introduction  
In recent decades, the accelerating pace of urban development across various countries has been accompanied by notable environmental pollution issues. Among these, construction dust generated from various construction activities during urbanization stands out as a significant source of environmental pollution [1]. To effectively address dust pollution, measures to prevent and control construction dust have evolved from covering techniques [2], greening methods [3, 4], and water mist dust suppression [5, 6] to the current state-of-the-art chemical dust suppressants [7, 8]. These chemical dust suppressants are now advancing toward the environmentally friendly composite type, which not only must exhibit excellent dust suppression performance but also meet the criteria of being environmentally friendly and biodegradable. Specifically, when applied to soil surfaces, they must not contaminate the environment, embodying the essence of environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants [9, 10]. Although environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants excel in dust suppression and environmental protection, their impact on soil environments necessitates further in-depth research [11; 12]. Soil, as one of the most vital natural resources on Earth and the foundation for human survival, may be affected by dust suppressants through direct spraying, rainwater washout, infiltration, and other means during their application [13]. Consequently, conducting experimental studies on the effects of environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants on soil holds significant importance for assessing their environmental safety and guiding their scientific application. In recent years, notable progress has been made in research on the impact of environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants on soil. Researchers have evaluated the effects of various dust suppressants on soil physicochemical properties [14], biological activity [15], and crop growth [16] through laboratory simulations and field trials. Some developed countries have also established corresponding standards and regulations to ensure that the use of dust suppressants does not negatively impact the soil environment [17]. [PERSON] et al. [18] conducted wind tunnel and pocket permeameter tests to investigate the effects of different biopolymer treatments on wind erosion resistance and soil permeability. The results showed that all treatments significantly improved wind erosion resistance. [PERSON] et al. [19] explored the effects of adding molasses and microbial dust suppressant components on soil dust suppression performance and microbial communities, revealing a positive correlation between molasses concentration and soil surface hardness. [PERSON] et al. [20] simulated rainfall and runoff to assess the environmental impact of a dust suppressant on soil and water quality, finding minimal adverse effects but an increase in Total Suspended Solids (TSS) for two synthetic products in runoff experiments. [PERSON] et al. [21] performed unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests on sand treated with biomaterials, demonstrating their strong dust suppression potential with minimal impact on soil strength. However, there are still some deficiencies and challenges in the experimental research on the impact of environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants on soil:  
1. Focus on suppressants alone: While dust suppressants play a crucial role in controlling dust emissions and improving air quality, most studies have primarily focused on the suppressants themselves, neglecting their impact on soil. 2. Insufficient research on soil wind erosion resistance in varied environments: There is a relative lack of research on the changes in soil wind erosion resistance under different environmental conditions when using environmentally friendly composite dust suppressants. This limitation restricts the assessment of the suppressants' application effectiveness in complex environments.