# Application of Virtual Reality for Learning the Material Properties of Shape Memory Alloys
## Appendix A Achievement Test of the Shape Memory Alloys  
1. Which of the following descriptions about the SMA is correct? (A) The SMA is an alloy that can always have shape memory. (B) The SMA is an interstitial alloy. (C) The SMA is a substitutional alloy. (D) The SMA has low production costs and simple manufacturing processes. 2. Which of the following is the most commonly used SMA? (A) In-TI (B) Cu-Zn (C) Cu-Al-Ni (D) Ni-Ti
3. Which of the following is not a shape memory effect of the SMA? (A) One-way shape memory effect (B) Two-way shape memory effect (C) All-round shape memory effect (D) Reverse shape memory effect
4. What is the operating principle of the SMA motor after the SMA spring is deformed by electric heating? (A) A tensile force is generated. (B) Pressure is generated. (C) A repulsive force is generated. (D) Elasticity is generated. 5. Which of the following is important during the initial smelting of the SMA? (A) The atomic ratio of the alloy will affect whether it needs to be smelled in a vacuum. (B) The atomic composition of the alloy will affect whether it needs to be smelled in a vacuum. (C) The atomic ratio of the alloy will affect the speed and temperature of the smelting. (D) The atomic composition of the alloy will affect the speed and temperature of the smelting. 6. The medical applications of the SMA for the treatment of patients such as the bone lamellae use the pressure generated by the SMA to fix broken bones for healing faster. Which of the following applications uses the same principle? (A) Dental braces (B) Vascular stents (C) Automatic fire alarms (D) Temperature control switches
7. What is the crystal structure of the shape memory alloy in the austenite phase? 8. What is the crystal structure of the SMA after it is deformed by an external force? 9. What is the crystal structure of the SMA after it is heated above the shaping temperature? 10. What is the order of crystal structure change after the SMA is deformed by an external force at room temperature, then restores its original shape after heating, and finally cools down to room temperature? (A)Austenite\(\rightarrow\)Martensite\(\rightarrow\)Martensite (B) Martensite\(\rightarrow\)Martensite\(\rightarrow\)Austenite (C) Austenite\(\rightarrow\)Austenite\(\rightarrow\)Martensite (D) Martensite\(\rightarrow\)Austenite\(\rightarrow\)Martensite
11. What is the correct order of the SMA's manufacturing process? (A) bedcaf (B) bacfed (C) bcfeda (D) bcefda12. What is the most important factor affecting the transition temperature of an SMA during its manufacturing process? (A) Materials used in the SMA (B) Alloy smelting equipment (C) Composition ratio of the SMA (D) Casting shape of the SMA
* 13. Shape memory alloys can be used in many products. Which of the following has already been widely used? (A) Eyeglass frame (B) Car bearing shaft (C) Camera casing (D) Wind turbine
* 14. What is the industrial shaping process of the SMA? (A) High Temperature\(\rightarrow\)Shaping\(\rightarrow\)Cooling\(\rightarrow\)Formation (B) Cooling\(\rightarrow\)Shaping\(\rightarrow\)High Temperature\(\rightarrow\)Formation (C) Shaping\(\rightarrow\)Cooling\(\rightarrow\)High Temperature\(\rightarrow\)Cooling\(\rightarrow\)Formation
* 15. The Ni-Ti SMA has unique shape memory recovery characteristics, superelasticity, and fatigue resistance. Which of the following characteristics is further required for its medical applications? (A) Heat transferability (B) Biodegradability (C) Biocompatibility (D) Conductivity
* 16. What can we find out in the shaping process of the SMA? (A) The SMA has a shape memory effect after cold working. (B) The SMA has a certain resistance at high temperatures. (C) During the cooling process, we can still change the shape memory of the SMA. (D) The crystal structure of the SMA does not change during the cooling process. * 17. How can the SMA vascular stent help treat blood vessel diseases?