# Synergies and Potential of Industry 4.0 and Automated Vehicles in Smart City Infrastructure
## 5 Conclusions  
In the Conclusions, the authors would like to briefly summarize the findings and results that were presented in the Discussion, summarize the benefits and spin-offs of this literature review, and emphasize the novelty of this research. Based on the analysis of the synergies and potential for integrating Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles within the smart city infrastructure, several important conclusions can be drawn. The first conclusion is that the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles has a huge potential to transform the urban environment and the way of life of citizens. It is clear that the results of this work clearly show that these technologies can improve transport efficiency, resource use, and the overall sustainability of the city, thus confirming the main hypothesis the authors have set out. To make the conclusion more specific and detailed, it is necessary to look deeper into the specific ways in which the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles can transform the urban environment and the lives of citizens. 1. Transport Efficiency: The integration of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as real-time data analytics and IoT connectivity, with automated vehicles, has the potential to significantly improve transport efficiency in smart cities. This includes optimized traffic flow, reduced congestion, and enhanced mobility options for citizens. For example, autonomous vehicle fleets can dynamically adjust routes based on traffic patterns, leading to smoother and faster journeys for commuters. 2. Resource Utilization: The adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies enables more efficient use of resources within smart cities. Smart sensors and monitoring systems can optimize energy consumption, waste management, and water usage, leading to reduced resource wastage and lower environmental impact. Additionally, automated vehicles can contribute to resource conservation by reducing fuel consumption and emissions compared to traditional vehicles. 3. Sustainability: By leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles, smart cities can enhance their overall sustainability. For instance, the implementation of smart grid systems and renewable energy sources can help reduce carbon emissions and dependency on fossil fuels. Moreover, the integration of automated vehicles into public transportation networks can encourage modal shifts away from private car ownership, further reducing pollution and promoting sustainable urban mobility. 4. Quality of Life: The improved transport efficiency, resource utilization, and sustainability facilitated by Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles directly contribute to enhancing the quality of life for citizens. Reduced travel times, cleaner air, and more reliable public services all lead to a safer, healthier, and more enjoyable urban living experience. Additionally, the convenience and accessibility offered by smart transportation systems can improve social inclusion and equity by providing better mobility options for all residents, regardless of their socioeconomic status. By focusing on these specific aspects, the conclusions highlight the tangible benefits that the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and automated vehicles can bring to smart  
Figure 9: Percent of population living in cities over years. Source: Postscapes. Available online: [[https://www.postscapes.com/anatomy-of-a-smart-city/](https://www.postscapes.com/anatomy-of-a-smart-city/)]([https://www.postscapes.com/anatomy-of-a-smart-city/](https://www.postscapes.com/anatomy-of-a-smart-city/)) (accessed on 12 March 2024) [78]. cities, aligning with the main hypothesis of the study and providing a clearer understanding of its implications for urban development and citizen well-being.