## 3 Choosing Right Component for MIP
### Solvents  
Solvents act as a medium for reactions and have a significant effect on template-monomer interactions, which are certain components that must be considered to make a MIP. Solvents in the making of MIP must interact and dissolve all the starting materials but should not interfere too much during the polymerization reaction process [60]. When a high solvation value is used in the synthesis process of a MIP, the solvent will protect the molecular interaction site and weaken the strong interaction between the monomer and template, thus making the molecular recognition ability of the MIP relatively poor [14]. A study by [PERSON] et al. [70] examined the effect of solvents on the adsorption selectivity of MIP with theophylline (THO) as a template and MAA as a functional monomer. They compared three solvents, namely chloroform, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and found that DMSO had the highest affinity for THO and MAA but had the lowest imprinting factor (IF), 1.0533, compared to that of THF (IF = 1.1076) and chloroform (IF = 3.3197). The Imprinting Factor (IF) value shows a particular analyte's distribution ratio on the imprinted polymer as well as under the same conditions as the non-imprinted polymer (NIP). An IF value larger than one indicates good imprinting [71]. MIP with chloroform as solvent has the highest imprinting factor value because it provides the weakest interference on the template-monomer interaction, which results in the formation of the strongest hydrogen bonds between them [70].  
MIP is usually synthesized in the organic solvent to increase the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between the template and monomer [72]. The polarity of the solvent greatly influences the template-monomer interactions. Less polar solvents promote the formation of the template-monomer functional complex, whereas more polar solvents interfere with the interactions in the template-monomer functional complex that form [17]. The statement is supported by the results of research conducted by [PERSON] et al. [73] on the effect of porogenic solvent in the manufacture of MIP for quercetin. They used four organic solvents with different polarities. The solvents are 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, and acetonitrile, from lowest to highest polarity. MIP with THF as the solvent showed a higher IF value of 1.2 compared to MIP using other solvents: 1,4-dioxane (IF = 1.05), acetone (IF = 1.07), and acetonitrile (IF = 1.03). This clearly shows that the medium polar solvent (THF) provides a better imprinting factor and the polar solvent (acetonitrile) provides the worst imprinting factor. Using a medium polar solvent (THF) will form an optimum interaction between the template and monomer and develop a uniform printing site on the MIP. When using a polar solvent (acetonitrile), the solvent interacts strongly with quercetin (template) and acrylamide (functional monomer), making it difficult for them to interact with each other. While using a less polar solvent (1,4-dioxane), a strong interaction will be formed between the template-monomer, but because the polymer's solubility in the less polar solvent is low, the MIP formed will quickly form a precipitate [73].