## 1 Introduction  
A significant increase in the public awareness of sustainability has been presented after the issue of Brundtland Report in 1987. Extensive construction and built assets maintenance have resulted in higher demand for natural resources, increased pollution of land, water, and air, as well as adverse effects on biodiversity [1; 2]. The construction sector accounts for 35-40% of total carbon emissions, 30-40% of solid waste production, around 16% water usage, and more than 40% of raw materials consumption [1; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7]. However, the awareness of sustainability in construction remains weak [8; 9]. Environmental burdens arise at different life cycle phases of construction including the extraction of the raw materials, manufacturing of the construction materials, construction and maintenance of built assets, their demolition and waste management [6; 10]. Depletion of resources and energy caused by construction materials extraction, production, and consumption is a big issue [2; 6]. For example, it was observed that around 72.89% of total energy consumption of building in China's construction sector come from the manufacturing of raw materials [11]. Another critical issue affects sustainable performance in construction is the construction and demolition (C&D) waste management. Reusing and recycling C&D waste for the manufacture of new construction materials has significant potential in saving resources and reducing corresponding negative environmental effects [7]. Most sustainability research in the field of construction regarding materials and waste adopts a project-based view. It emphasizes improving processes and policies during the project lifecycle and mainly concern project stakeholders' attitude [8; 9; 12]. However, causes of construction waste and pollution are not limited to the construction field itself. Waste and pollution are also produced in the upstream and downstream of a construction project along the supply chain, including the multi-tier off-site production and corresponding vehicles [13]. Besides, the interdependency between on-site construction and off-site logistics is dominant, which leads to an expansion effect of waste when a disturbance along the supply chain occurs [14; 15]. Therefore, a related supply chain activated by construction activities should be taken into account to improve the sustainability in construction from a material and waste management perspective. A significant barrier to implement supply chain strategies for construction material and waste management has been argued as the nature of construction supply chain [16]. Compared with the manufacturing supply chain, the downstream of construction supply chain is unobvious and upstream material flows are often invisible, which may lead to excessive material production and wasteful resource allocation as construction projects progressing [17; 18]. It is necessary to explore the integration of the construction supply chain, which aims to build a visible, economical, and continuous material flow across organizational boundaries [16]. However, the relationship between the degree of integration of the construction supply chain and the improvement of the sustainable use of construction materials remains to be under-explored. The PLS-SEM (partial least squares-structural equation modeling) is undertaken to explore the relationship mentioned above. Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been widely applied in theoretical explorations and empirical validations in many disciplines since its ability was confirmed in the early 1980s [19; 20]. As an alternative to the frequently applied covariance-based SEM (CB-SEM), PLS-SEM was regarded as a causal modeling approach focused on maximizing the explained variance of the dependent latent constructs rather than reporting a theoretical covariance matrix [21]. PLS-SEM can estimate complex relationships and emphasize prediction while simultaneously relaxing the demands on data and specification of relationships [22; 23].