## 4 Discussion  
The form of training that is performed in smovey(r) training, which utilizes vibrations, has not yet been described and explained in the context of morphological and rheological studies in elderly people. As a result of the aging process of the body, changes occur in the form of reductions in the number of red blood cells, the concentration of hematocrit, and hemoglobin, which can cause diseases related to the circulatory system. With age, the blood flow decreases, which can consequently lead to increased red blood cell aggregation [24]. During physical exercise, the RBC and the hemoglobin level increase, which improves the blood's ability to carry oxygen and nourish the body's cells [25]. The study results show that 3 months of smovey(r) training leads to changes in the rheological and morphological properties of blood. Increases in the RBC, HGB, PLT, MCHC, AI, and EI were observed at a shear stress of 0.30 [Pa], while decreases in the MCV, AMP, and T1/2 were noted. The aggregation index and the elongation index allow for the assessment of the rheological characteristics of blood. Rheological properties such as aggregation and deformation are important indicators of microcirculation. There is abundant information in the literature on situations in which hemorheological factors are impaired, contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in the elderly population. Their improvement may result in lower mortality and cardiovascular disease [26; 27; 28; 29]. Our research confirms that after physical activity, there are increases in hematocrit and the number of red blood cells. However, the study authors emphasize that hemorheological changes should not impair the function of the circulatory system in healthy people but may already pose a threat to health in various pathophysiological conditions [30]. In the study by [PERSON] et al., a group of senior women underwent 5 months of rehabilitation training in the form of rhythmic exercises. Morphological and rheological tests were performed, and an improvement in the RBC and the level of HCT, as well as the deformability of erythrocytes (EI) at a shear stress of 0.30 and 0.58 [Pa], and a decrease in the aggregation amplitude were observed [31]. Different results were presented in the study by [PERSON] et al., conducted on a group of elderly women participating in dance movement therapy exercises. As a result of 3 months of training, no statistically significant differences were observed in the RBC, PLT, WBC, MCHC, or MCV. However, changes in rheological parameters were confirmed, with an increase in erythrocyte deformability at EI 0.30 [Pa] and a shortening of the half-time of complete aggregation (T1/2) [32]. In the study by [PERSON] et al., the association of general obesity, physical activity, and sleep hours with hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell parameters was assessed. Increased physical activity was found to be associated with higher HGB levels and RBCs [33]. In the study by [PERSON] et al., a 6-month resistance training program was used for seniors, whose hematological profile (red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and red blood cell distribution width) was examined. No significant differences were found in any of these parameters after training [34]. In the study by [PERSON] et al., the influence of moderate physical exercise on selected blood parameters was examined in regular winter swimmers aged 45-68. A significant increase in erythrocyte deformability (EI) was observed in both women and men at higher shear stress values from 2.19 to 60.30 [Pa] [35]. In subsequent studies by [PERSON] et al., vibrotherapy was used in a group of women aged 60-70. After thirty vibration sessions, no significant statistical changes were observed; therefore, vibrotherapy did not disrupt the hematological balance.