# Analysis of Sheet Metal Tapping Screw Fabrication Using a Finite Element Method
### Literature Review
[11] used AUTOCAD's auto-writing function (LISP) with DEFORM and ANSYS to develop an automatic process planning and die design system that could be used to design multi-pass bolt-forming products. The system was established by combining plastic theory, experimental results, and the research design rules and experiences of experts. The planning process and die design module took into account complicated punch and die shapes, available multi-pass forming, and available standard parts. The system effectively reduced the time that engineers requiredto determine the diameter and height of an original blank and reduced the time required to form the shapes of the final products. In 2007, [PERSON] [12] utilized CAMPform-3D to analyze cold forging tail pins, and replaced original welding with extrusion and upsetting to obtain results that were consistent with those of the cold forging experiment for mass production. In the same year, [PERSON] et al. [13] utilized the finite element method to predict the geometry of cold forges and elucidated the problems of deformation, spring-back, and heat shrinkage by analyzing material SCM420H and die material SKD11. They utilized this method to test whether the effects of rising temperatures on die material could be ignored in the cold forging process. In 2008, [PERSON] et al. [14] utilized 3D finite elements to simulate a multi-pass turbo-compressor blade forging process. Their simulation successfully predicted the complete load/time curve and the deformation structure whilst performing, as well as the material flow, strain, and temperature distribution. They also carried out experiments to optimize the process parameters and proved that the optimal process parameters effectively reduced product fragility and provided favorable mechanical properties (strength and ductility). In 2015, [PERSON] [15] utilized the finite element method to analyze and simulate the forming load of movable retaining pins at each stage, and the Taguchi method to optimize the quality of products in the key second stage. Their analytical results demonstrated that converting the original three forging processes and one drilling process into four forging stages solves the problems in the manufacturing of parts. In the same year, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] used finite element analysis to simulate wear in automotive repair fastener manufacturing dies, based on actual process conditions. Applying the Taguchi quality method to the new design, they found a 19.87% improvement in wear. In 2015, [PERSON] et al. [17] developed a method for estimating the wear of forming taps, which is useful for evaluating the performance of roll taps with hexagonal or pentagonal section geometry. They drew a useful conclusion for tap manufacturers that taps with a hexagonal section and five pitches in the chamfer zone generated lower thrust forces and torques and lower wear than those with a pentagonal section. [PERSON] et al. [18] developed a new method for the rapid and economical production of 'nutless' bolted joins, by combining two hole-making techniques, namely, form-drilling and form-tapping. The combined method enabled the rapid production of threaded holes in coupled dissimilar metal alloys, such as steel and aluminum alloys. They also carried out corrosion tests to obtain a better understanding of the manufactured joint. In summary, many researchers have investigated forming, bolts, and screw threading technologies, but no specific reference literature is available for academia or industry owing to the complicated shapes of screws or sheet metal nails. Accordingly, the goal of this investigation is to help businesses to establish a sheet metal thread design and analysis method using forming software that is matched with solid parameters and optimization.