# Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Using Simulation and Modeling
###### Abstract
[PERSON], [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Using Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON]. [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Rate Using Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON]. [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Using Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON]. [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Using Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Using Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON]. [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bit Error Rate Rate Simulation and Modeling. ElectronicSarkar, NJ. [PERSON], [PERSON], SMS. Analyzing TCP Performance in High Bitcongestion avoidance algorithm is known as TCP Tahoe [5; 7], and some other variants are TCP Reno, TCP Vegas [8], FAST TCP [9; 10], TCP New Reno [11], among others. TCP Tahoe was named after the 4.3 BSD operating system (in which it appeared the first time) that was itself named after Lake Tahoe. TCP Reno is a modification of TCP Tahoe and is named after the 4.3 BSD operating system where it appeared the first time, and named after the city of Reno, Nevada, NV, USA. It should be noted that TCP was originally designed to work over wired networks with a low bit error rate (BER). However, TCP is being used for many wireless communication services such as mobile data services, wireless local area, wide area networks, and wireless communication in data centers with higher BERs. The wireless channels are inherently lossy and are subject to higher BER. There are many comparative studies on TCP variants in various network settings and scenarios [12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22]. Numerous research works on improving the performance of TCP are reported in the network literature (see, for example, [23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45]). This paper addresses the following research question. What impact do high BERs have on TCP Reno performance for FTP download response time, packet retransmission attempt, and mean throughput? To answer the research question posed, we carry out an extensive analysis of simulation and modelling. The main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows. * We analyze the performance of TCP Reno in high BERs over a wireless network environment using simulation and modelling. The effect of BERs on system performance is also investigated. * We derive (analytically) the key performance metrics, such as expected throughput TTCP over a 10 Mbit/s Ethernet connection, FTP Download response time, packet drops and retransmission, and TCP congestion avoidance mechanism to estimate the system performance. We then perform an extensive simulation using Riverbed Modeler (formerly OPNET Modeler) to validate analytical models. * We implement TCP Reno (in C++) and the corresponding process models in the Riverbed Modeler to study and analyze the system performance. We record various statistics for system analysis, such as FTP Download response time, network load, TCP Retransmission count, sent segment ACK number, traffic received, congestion window size, and remote receiver window size. This is a significant piece of work contributing towards the implementation of TCP in wireless and mobile networks. * We validate simulation results by cross-checking through analysis, as well as using a testbed. To this end, we set up a virtualized testbed using two Linux hosts and a Linux router. The Linux router was configured to achieve the desired performance testing (see Section 4--FTP Download Response Time). The rest of the paper is organized as follows. The network model and simulation scenarios are laid down in Section 2. Simulation results are presented in Section 3. Section 4 is dedicated to results validation and verification. In Section 5, we present the TCP Reno retransmission algorithm and results.