## 3 Results
### Impact of Temperature on WWTP Efficiency  
Figure 6 illustrates the monthly temperature and efficiencies of the wastewater treatment plant parameters.  
The impact of the temperature on the efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was assessed, as illustrated in Figure 6. The phosphorus removal efficiency exhibited slight variations with the temperature. During colder months, such as October (2.48 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the phosphorus removal efficiency was 94%. In warmer months like May (17.90 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and July (24.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the efficiency decreased marginally to 86% and 93%, respectively, indicating a slight reduction in the phosphorus removal efficiency at higher temperatures, although the changes were not drastic.  
The COD removal efficiency remained consistently high throughout the year, demonstrating minimal sensitivity to temperature fluctuations. In colder months such as October (2.48 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the COD removal efficiency was 96%, while warmer months like July (24.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and August (25.67 \({}^{\circ}\)C) maintained similarly high efficiencies of 95% and 96%. This stability highlights the robust performance of the COD removal process under varying thermal conditions.  
The BOD removal efficiency was also consistently high, with values ranging from 98% to 99% across all months. In cooler months such as October (2.48 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the BOD removal efficiency reached 98%, while warmer months like July (24.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and August (25.67 \({}^{\circ}\)C) achieved 99%. These results underscore the negligible impact of the temperature on BOD removal, demonstrating the plant's consistent effectiveness regardless of seasonal variations.  
The TSSs removal efficiency remained steady at 98% or higher throughout the year. For example, in October (2.48 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the efficiency was 99%, and in August (25.67 \({}^{\circ}\)C), it was also 99%. This consistency highlights the treatment system's ability to effectively handle suspended solids across a broad temperature range without significant performance changes.  
The nitrogen removal efficiency, however, showed some sensitivity to temperature. In cooler months like October (2.48 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the nitrogen removal efficiency was 80%, while in warmer months such as June (24.12 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and July (24.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C), the efficiency dropped to 72% and 77%, respectively. This indicates a correlation between higher temperatures and a slight decrease in the nitrogen removal efficiency, suggesting that nitrogen removal processes are somewhat affected by temperature fluctuations.  
The ammonium removal efficiency remained at 100% throughout the year, unaffected by temperature variations. This robust performance underscores the reliability of the ammonium removal process, maintaining complete efficiency across all seasonal and thermal conditions.  
In summary, while the temperature had a minimal impact on the efficiency of the COD, BOD, TSSs, and ammonium removal, there were slight variations in the phosphorus and nitrogen removal efficiencies, particularly at higher temperatures. Overall, the WWTP demonstrated high efficiency and resilience under diverse temperature conditions