Investigations into nanoporous materials and their applications continue to afford a wealth of novel materials and new applications. In fact, the ongoing quest for nanoporous materials with novel properties has led to many new materials and new applications for known materials. This Special Issue is associated with the most recent advances in nanoporous material synthesis, as well as its applications. The 12 articles comprising this Special Issue can be considered a representative selection of the current research on this topic, reflecting the diversity of nanoporous materials and their applications. For example, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [1] provide a review of nanoporous materials with MWW topology. They cover aspects of the synthesis of the MWW precursor and the tridimensional zeolite MCM-22, as well as their physicochemical properties, such as the Si/Al molar ratio, acidity, and morphology. In addition, this paper discusses the use of directing agents (SDAs) to obtain the different MWW-type materials reported thus far. The traditional post-synthesis modifications to obtain MWW-type materials with hierarchical architectures, such as expanded, swelling, pillaring, and delaminating structures, are shown together with recent routes to obtain materials with more open structures. New routes for the direct synthesis of MWW-type materials with a hierarchical pore architecture are also covered. [PERSON] et al. [2] study hierarchical materials by a method of opening mesopores in a microporous zeolite structure. They created mesopores in the Ultrastable USY zeolite (Si/Al = 15) using alkaline treatment (NaOH) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant, followed by hydrothermal treatment. The effects of the different concentrations of NaOH and the surfactant on the textural, chemical, and morphological characteristics of the modified zeolites are evaluated. Also in the area of zeolite synthesis, [PERSON] et al. [3] propose an alternative method for the introduction of aluminum into the STW zeolitic framework. This zeolite was synthesized in a pure silica form, and an aluminum source was added by in situ generated seeds. Characterization techniques, such as XRD and MAS NMR of 29 Si and 27 Al, were used to conclude that the aluminum was effectively introduced into the framework. The materials were tested as catalysts on the dehydration of ethanol, and they proved be selective to ethylene and diethyl ether, confirming the presence of acidic sites. Another approach was analyzed by the group of [PERSON] et al. [4], who study the synthesis of zeolites from two metkaolins, one derived from the white kaolin and the other derived from the red kaolin, found in a deposit in the city of Sao Simao (Brazil). The A zeolite obtained was applied as an adsorbent to remove methylene blue, safranine, and malachite green from aqueous solutions. Another applications approach was proposed by [PERSON] et al. [5], who compared two glycerol/ZSM-5 zeolite systems with different amount of residual gas by performing a series of experiments. Besides zeolite materials, there exists one kind of micro and mesoporous materials built by pillarization of lamellar materials. On this subject, the paper of [PERSON] et al. [6] is very interesting. [PERSON] et al. synthesized, characterized, and evaluated three silica pillared clays as possible adsorbents of ciprofloxacin (CPX) and tetracycline (TC) from alkaline aqueous media. Another natural raw material was used in the separations process. [PERSON] et al. [7] study a raw porous volcanic glass from Cuba as an adsorbent for Cu\({}^{2+}\) removal from dyes after activation with an acid solution. After Cu\({}^{2+}\) adsorption, its capacity to separate n-paraffins from a mixture by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) was also evaluated. They showed that natural volcanic glass can be used in both heavy metal removal and paraffin separation for industrial purposes. Mesoporous materials are very interesting because of their great accessibility to bulk molecules.