## 3 Results and Discussion
#### 3.1.3 Web-Based and Mobile Applications for Healthcare Monitoring  
Regarding mobile applications, the HEREiAM platform is an Android-based system that aims for accessibility through television and portable devices, along with additional features tailored to assist elderly individuals in living independently [100]. Others have developed a telemedicine system that integrates Bluetooth technology for continuous vital sign monitoring, including an Android app, a web dashboard, and a server application for data management. The Android app connects to the medical device Checkme Pro via Bluetooth for data retrieval [101]. An Android-based application has been engineered to receive and store data and to transmit SMS alerts to a predefined contact number as part of an alert system [102]. Another Android-based application provides a low-cost and portable solution for the monitoring of vital signs, with higher accuracy and efficiency in estimating the heart rate and breath rate compared to traditional methods [103]. The application consistently monitors the patient's health, evaluates their condition, and transmits pertinent information to medical experts [104]. Another work presented a telemonitoring system for transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic [105]. It presents a promising application solution for the remote monitoring of the elderly, offering flexibility, convenience, and peace of mind for caregivers [106]. Meanwhile, an Android-based application integrated with wearable technology has been developed to enable the real-time tracking of elderly individuals' locations, incorporating anti-loss and alarm features for enhanced safety [107]. A mobile app was also created to input medication schedules, connecting to a medication reminder device via WLAN [57]. Finally, UbiHeart is an application with a system that utilizes facial videos to extract pulse signals and estimate blood pressure [108]. \begin{table}
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**Study Focus** & **Methodology and Sensors Used** & **Applications** & **Novelty** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Designed wristbands} & Custom-designed wristbands, ARM-based devices, wearable smart bracelets & Health monitoring for elderly individuals, emergency alerts, physiological parameter measurement & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, humanized design, integration of multiple physiological parameters & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, humanized design, integration of design, integration of multiple physiological parameters & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, humanized design, integration of design, integration of multiple physical parameters & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, humanized design, integration of design, integration of multiple vital sign sensors and novel materials (i-gluten) for sustainability and enhanced sensing & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, visualization and enhanced sensing & Focused on data collection and presentation without analysis, visualization and management & Focused on data collection  
Regarding web-based apps, relevant proposals include a monitoring system with software that controls data publication and updates on a webpage accessible to authorized users [89], as well as the creation of a web-based application to improve communication between patients and healthcare professionals [104]. The work of [PERSON] et al. enabled users to gather health data from various sources via a single web-based application; the front end is used by patients, caregivers, and physicians to monitor collected data [109]. Another system aims to improve healthcare delivery, cost-effectiveness, and patient monitoring through remote monitoring and real-time data access for healthcare professionals with a web dashboard and a server application for data management [101].