## 3 Results
### Thermal Comfort Assessment Results  
Air parameters such as temperature, humidity and velocity, as well as the radiation temperature of partitions, types of clothing and work intensity, have a direct impact on thermal comfort. In order to estimate the thermal satisfaction of occupants in a building with large windows, the PMV comfort model was used. All the above-mentioned parameters are taken into account when determining the PMV index. Glazing system have a significant impact on the thermal sensations of residents. Window surface temperatures vary much more than wall temperatures. This affects the heat exchange through radiation, which determines the feeling of comfort. Increasing the number of panes causes the temperature on the internal surface to be higher in winter and lower when cooling the rooms in summer. Table 5 presents the results of the evaluation of thermal comfort depending on the type of glazing. It turned out that the PMV index values averaged for the entire reference building are similar to each other. This is primarily due to  
Figure 5: Total energy consumption during the year: (**left**)—Bialystok, (**right**)—Kiruna. Figure 6: Change in solar heat gains during the year: (**left**)—Bialystok, (**right**)—Kiruna. the fact that the simulation included follow-up regulation of the indoor air temperature. In addition, underfloor heating was provided, which increased the perceived radiant temperature \(T_{R}\). This limited, to some extent, the impact of the low temperature of the window surfaces on thermal comfort. In order to more accurately assess the radiation temperature of the inner surface of the windows, an open-plan living room on the ground floor of the building was selected. Figure 7 shows the change in the monthly average \(T_{R}\) value during the year. Throughout the heating season, the radiant temperature in a house with triple- and quadruple-glazed windows is rather similar, and on average about 0.4 \({}^{\circ}\)C higher than the temperature in the room with double-glazed windows, for Bialystok. It should also be noted that there is a radiative heat exchange between the warm floor surface and the cooler window surfaces, causing the \(T_{R}\) value to increase. Temperature differences in glazed surfaces become more visible during the cooling period. In the months with the highest intensity of solar radiation, i.e., June and July, it can be observed that the surface temperature of four-glazed windows is 0.7 \({}^{\circ}\)C lower. This can be considered an evident advantage of this system. However, in the case of the house located in Kiruna, a significantly lower temperature occurs in December and January when using double-glazed windows. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Fluxed**} & \multicolumn{10}{c}{**Month**} \\ \cline{2-13}  & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** & **9** & **10** & **11** & **12** & **Sum** \\ \hline \multicolumn{13}{c}{**Bialystok**} \\ \hline A & \(-0.99\) & \(-0.89\) & \(-0.65\) & \(-1.21\) & \(-0.55\) & \(-0.06\) & \(0.01\) & \(-0.51\) & \(-0.91\) & \(-0.61\) & \(-0.91\) & \(-1\) & \(-0.69\) \\ \hline B & \(-0.97\) & \(-0.87\) & \(-0.63\) & \(-1.2\) & \(-0.55\) & \(-0.07\) & \(0\) & \(-0.51\) & \(-0.92\) & \(-0.6\) & \(-0.9\) & \(-0.98\) & \(-0.68\) \\ \hline C & \(-0.98\) & \(-0.89\) & \(-0.67\) & \(-1.29\) & \(-0.68\) & \(-0.23\) & \(-0.15\) & \(-0.63\) & \(-1.02\) & \(-0.63\) & \(-0.91\) & \(-0.99\) & \(-0.76\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{13}{c}{**Kiruna**} \\ \hline A & \(-1.32\) & \(-1.08\) & \(-0.79\) & \(-1.46\) & \(-1\) & \(-0.29\) & \(-0.16\) & \(-1.02\) & \(-1.82\) & \(-0.83\) & \(-1.22\) & \(-1.27\) & \(-1.02\) \\ \hline B & \(-1.21\) & \(-1.03\) & \(-0.76\) & \(-1.42\) & \(-0.98\) & \(-0.27\) & \(-0.13\) & \(-0.99\) & \(-1.79\) & \(-0.81\) & \(-1.13\) & \(-1.15\) & \(-0.97\) \\ \hline C & \(-1.2\) & \(-1.05\) & \(-0.79\) & \(-1.51\) & \(-1.1\) & \(-0.43\) & \(-0.29\) & \(-1.08\) & \(-1.82\) & \(-0.82\) & \(-1.12\) & \(-1.14\) & \(-1.03\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}