# BIM-GIS-Based Approach for Quality Management Aligned with ISO 9001
## 6 Discussion
Additionally, integrating time-motion analysis or audit trails could provide objective evidence of how the tool influences inspection workflows and corrective action processes. The proposed workflow automates tasks typically performed manually, such as data storage, form generation, and model integration. However, it still requires manual operations like file synchronization and data export. Future implementations could optimize these steps to reduce friction and increase reliability. While the present implementation focuses on demonstrating the system's functional validity, future research should include quantitative indicators, such as reductions in inspection time, error rates, or rework frequency, to provide stronger empirical evidence of its effectiveness. These metrics were not incorporated at this stage, as the primary objective was to establish a standards-aligned and replicable workflow that could serve as a foundation for future benchmarking in more complex scenarios. To advance this objective, future studies should consider incorporating specific performance metrics that capture the practical impact of the proposed workflow. These may include indicators such as average inspection duration per element, percentage of complete versus incomplete records, error frequency in form filling, or delays in data availability between on-site collection and model integration. Additionally, structured protocols--such as time-motion studies, stakeholder feedback forms, or comparison with baseline methods--could support empirical evaluations of efficiency and reliability. Establishing such benchmarks will be essential to demonstrate the system's operational value and guide its refinement and broader adoption in more demanding construction contexts. In parallel with these future performance assessments, the initial validation was limited to a single-story residential project. This decision ensured full control over variables and a reliable implementation environment. It confirmed the feasibility and operability of the system. The modular structure of the workflow supports scaling to complex contexts, including infrastructure projects and multi-story buildings. Future adaptations could incorporate Z-coordinates, segmented control zones by level or activity, and advanced visualization platforms to manage increased spatial complexity. Although the current implementation was developed using proprietary tools such as Revit and Dynamo for BIM, and QGIS/QField for GIS-based inspection, the underlying structure of the workflow is adaptable to other software environments. These platforms were selected due to their maturity, accessibility, and support for parametric modeling and geospatial data. To broaden the applicability of the proposed method, future developments should explore its implementation using open standards and interoperable formats. For instance, adopting workflows based on IFC would facilitate compatibility with a broader range of BIM tools and support data exchange across heterogeneous systems. The same principle applies to the GIS component, where integration with other spatial data platforms could enable similar functionality. These adjustments would enhance the generalizability of the method, allowing it to be replicated in diverse technological contexts and organizational settings while maintaining alignment with ISO 9001:2015 requirements. The originality of this work lies in integrating BIM and GIS with ISO 9001:2015, a combination not previously addressed in building quality literature. The method provides structured and traceable workflows that comply with international standards. From a research perspective, it opens new avenues for exploring how digital inspection systems can align with quality frameworks. For industry, it offers a replicable and adaptable solution to enhance inspection traceability and documentation. Future studies could validate the method in larger projects, explore the use of AI for anomaly detection, and expand interoperability with open data formats.