## 1 Introduction  
Generally, 30-40% of the world's main energy consumption is used for building operations, increasing CO\({}_{2}\) emissions and leading to climate change and global warming [1; 2; 3]. The potential for decreases in the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with buildings is remarkable. In China, in 2022, operational energy consumption for residential buildings accounted for more than 46.5% of the country's building operation energy consumption, along with -43.5% of carbon emissions [4]. High-rise housing has the advantages of small land area and a high land utilization rate. Due to the shortage of urban land resources, the proportion of high-rise residential buildings is gradually increasing, which has become the focus of attention in the field of building energy conservation. Many scholars have carried out research on energy conservation and emissions reduction for high-rise residential buildings [5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10]. However, with the release of China's standard \"GB/T51350-2019 Technical standard [11] for nearly zero energy buildings\", near-zero energy consumption cannot be achieved by relying solely on energy-saving measures,for which the balance between energy consumption and generation is the key [11]. Solar energy utilization technology is one of the most mature renewable energy utilization methods. In addition to the installation of PV on roofs, the increase in the number of facade PV systems has obvious productivity advantages [12]. The northwest of China is rich in solar energy resources, providing innate advantages for the utilization of solar energy. However, taking technical measures to reduce energy consumption may have an adverse impact on indoor thermal comfort. With this understanding, the whole-year indoor thermal comfort level is also an index that should be considered in the optimal design of residential buildings. Decreasing buildings' energy consumption while increasing indoor thermal comfort not only improves environmental quality by reducing the pollution from fossil fuels, it also keeps people more efficient at work [13]. Meanwhile, the application of energy-saving measures, such as adding insulation layers, improving the performance of external windows, and installing photovoltaic panels, will affect the life-cycle cost by increasing the initial investment cost of construction and reducing the operational cost. Therefore, from the perspective of energy saving, the optimization design for residential buildings needs to take into account multidimensional objectives with mutually restrictive relationships, including energy (building energy consumption), the environment (life-cycle carbon emissions, indoor thermal comfort), and economy (life-cycle cost). Facing the above issues, many scholars have gradually changed their attention with regard to building performance from single to dual objectives. For example, taking building energy consumption and thermal comfort as the optimization objectives, [PERSON] et al. [14], focusing on residential buildings in Chongqing, used a GA-BP neural network as the fitness function of the NSGA-II algorithm to establish a multi-objective optimization model, achieving an increased proportion of indoor thermal comfort time while reducing the annual building load. [PERSON] et al. [15] adopted the GA optimization module of Design-Builder (V5.5) software to screen passive technologies, with the goal of minimizing heating demand in winter and uncomfortable hours in summer for high-rise residential buildings in Tianjin. [PERSON] et al. [16], taking multistory residential buildings as an example, combined a GA with EnergyPlus software to optimize the insulation layer thickness and heat transfer coefficient of exterior windows and brick wall thickness, with the objective of minimizing annual energy consumption and thermal discomfort hours. [PERSON] et al.