## 1 Introduction  
Three-dimensional isolation systems have been studied by numerous scholars all over the world [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6]. Most three-dimensional isolation systems use high-damping lead cores [1; 2; 3] or additional oil dampers [4] to provide damping. Therefore, these isolation systems usually have complex structures and high costs. Consequently, they are not often applied in residential buildings, especially in rural areas. To reduce costs and simplify structures, a low-cost three-dimensional spring-asphalt isolation bearing has been proposed. The system mainly consists of helical springs and Heavy Calcium Carbonate (HCC)-modified asphalt. The function of asphalt is to prevent the springs from eroding and impart a degree of damping to the system. In this system, HCC can be used as filler in the material, which can increase the volume of its products and thus reduce costs. A similar application of asphalt can also be found in other low-cost isolation systems [7]. However, it is not clear whether the damping properties of asphalt will be affected by adding HCC. Therefore, it is necessary to study the damping properties of HCC-modified asphalt and the damping effectiveness of low-cost isolation bearings.  
The resonant column test, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) and cone-and-plate method are the main methods used to study the damping characteristics of asphalt. The resonate column test is widely used to study the properties of asphalt in main roads, so the asphalt is usually mixed with sand and stone. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] studied the temperature-dependent properties of asphalt through a resonant column test. Their results showed that the damping ratio of all samples was highly dependent upon the temperature. Specifically, the damping ratio increased as the temperature of the sample increased.  
[PERSON] et al. [9] conducted resonant column tests of different asphalt mixtures to study the frequency-dependent characteristics of the modulus. The results showed that [PERSON]'s modulus increased with the input frequency. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [10] utilized a concrete resonant column to study [PERSON]'s ratio with different input frequencies. This method is suitable for highway engineering, but not for isolated structures.  
Another method to study the damping properties of asphalt is DSR. By adjusting the rotation speed and rotation angle of the instrument, the loading frequency and loading strain can be adjusted. [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. [11] utilized a dynamic shear rheometer to evaluate the damping performance of four types of asphalt using the temperature spectra of the loss factor (LF). The results revealed strong temperature-dependent properties, but there was less variation near the low-temperature area. In addition to temperature-dependent properties, frequency-dependent properties are also important. [PERSON] [12; 13] utilized the cone-and-plate method to determine the storage and loss shear moduli of asphalt with different loading frequencies and strains. They proposed the fractional derivative Maxwell model based on their experimental results. The results showed that asphalt has viscoelastic properties.  
Using the DSR method, a cyclic simple shear instrument was used in the present study to directly change the loading frequency and displacement. The frequency dependence, temperature dependence and displacement dependence properties and the effect of the HCC mass ratio of asphalt were comprehensively studied by cyclic simple shear tests. Then, to validate the effectiveness of the damping properties of asphalt, time-domain, frequency-domain and modal analyses were conducted by using the experimental data of a multi-dimensional shaking table test. Furthermore, some additional work was conducted to identify the dynamic damping ratio with multi-dimensional input.