## 1 Introduction  
People die and get injured in traffic accidents all over the world. It is mandatory for all vehicles to get information about traffic and road conditions to avoid accidents [1]. To cater to this issue, an effective and efficient transport management system is required to minimize road accidents and congestion, as specified in [2]. It is mentioned in [3] that 60 percent of accidents can be avoided if warning messages are delivered to drivers before accidents. Hence, scientists have introduced vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), which turn every vehicle into a wireless node that can communicate with other vehicles. The VANET is a special class of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) formed by vehicles equipped with wireless gadgets. VANET communication takes place between vehicle to vehicle (V2V) mode and vehicle to roadside unit (RSU), forming an intelligent transport system as shown in Figure 1. The Wireless Access Vehicular Environment (WAVE) was adopted from 802.11a and is used in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In VANET, vehicles communicate with each other to share information required for safety, comfort, entertainment and low latency purposes. In Table 1, VANET communication technologies are summarized. Bluetooth, RFID and GPS are simplex types of communication. The other technologies are duplex. The range of Bluetooth is minimal, i.e., approximately 10 m. 2G/3G/4G/5G and GPS provide global coverage. The demand for communication in VANET with high data rates has dramatically increased in recent years. This requires the utilization of limited resources such as power and bandwidth as efficiently as possible to support the massive communication demand in VANET. Currently, for wireless communication, millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO has been identified as the most promising technology for vehicular communication [4] The millimeter-wave band comprises a range from 30 to 300 GHz, which means a wavelength in between 1 and 10 mm. Millimeter-wave has lots of benefits and advantages, due to which it is suitable for 5G communication, cellular communication and other wireless communication. High accuracy, small antenna size, smaller cell and power efficiency are some advantages of millimeter wave. Due to the high mobility of vehicular nodes and the multipath fading, reliability, throughput and accuracy are the important aspects of VANET millimeter-wave communication. In millimeter-wave communication, the signal distorts and attenuates more due to the short wavelength. Pathloss is very high because of high career frequency. Further, it is \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Technology** & **Type** & **Distance** \\ \hline RFID & simplex & 10 m \\ Bluetooth & simplex & \(\approx\)10 m \\ WiFi & duplex & \(\approx\)50 m \\ WAVE/802.11p DSRC & duplex & \(\approx\)1 km \\
2G/3G/4G/5G & duplex & global \\ GPS & simplex & global \\ WiMAX & duplex & \(\approx\)1 km \\ ZigBee & duplex & \(\approx\)20 m \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: VANET communication technologies. Figure 1: VANET architecture. more susceptible to rain and atmospheric attenuation. In past research, MIMO, space-time block coding (STBC) and cooperative MIMO have been tested to achieve reliability and a high data rate. MIMO using ASTBC along with error control coding has not been explored yet. For vehicular communication, a manipulable architecture is needful which provides us with high reliability and a lower bit error rate. The main contribution of our work is the derivation of exact closed-form expressions to calculate the BER using ASTBC and BCH coding. Our derived expressions can be utilized in BER computations, in contrast to SNR and code rate. Further, SNR can be computed for two blockers, which ultimately gives us an error probability for two blockers. The results show that our proposed BER outperforms the traditional ASTBC BER equation. Both numerical and simulation results verify each other, and hence provide a basic point of reference for further exploration.