esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Results  
From July 2020 to November 2021, eight patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC and SPECT staging met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the analysis. All patients completed the planned chemo-radiotherapy course, represented by conventionally fractionated RT and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Maintenance immunotherapy with durvalumab was then prescribed to all the patients. Patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Median age was 66 years (range 56-75); no pre-existing pulmonary diseases were reported for all patients. Regarding histology, three patients had squamous cell carcinoma and five had adenocarcinoma. All patients completed the RT course receiving a total dose of 60 Gray (Gy), 2 Gy per fraction (2 Gy/fr), five fractions per week. Concomitant chemotherapy was proposed for six patients: four patients had carboplatin-paclitaxel, while two had cisplatin and pemetrexed and the last two patients received sequential chemo-radiotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel. All patients were candidates to receive durvalumab as maintenance. Only one case of G3 RIP was reported (Table 1).  
In terms of target coverage, a dosimetric comparison between the standard RT plan (plane 1) and the SPECT/CT-based one (plane 2) did not show relevant differences. No differences were also documented regarding the organs at risk identified. (Table 2) (Figure 3).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Variables** & **Patients** \\ \hline \hline
**Age** & 66 (56–75) & 55 \\ \hline
**Diagnosis** & squamous cell carcinoma & 3 \\  & adenocarcinoma & 5 \\ \hline  & IIIA & 1 \\
**Stage** & IIIB & 5 \\  & IIIC & 2 \\ \hline
**BPCO o other respiratory diseases** & 0 & \\ \hline
**Charlson comorbidity index** & \textless{}7 & 8 \\ \hline  & \textgreater{}7 & 0 \\ \hline
**chemotherapy** &
\begin{tabular}{c} Carboplatin/paclitaxel trisettimanale \\ CDDP/Pemetrexed \\ \end{tabular} & 6 \\ \hline  & G3 & 1 \\
**RIP** & G2 & 0 \\  & G1 & 0 \\  & G0 & 7 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Patient and treatment characteristics.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline  & **Plane 1** & **Plane 2** & \(p\) \\ \hline
**D95 PTV** & 55 & 55 & ns \\ \hline
**Mean dose of cumulative lung minus PTV** & 13 & 13 & ns \\ \hline
**Mean dose of ipsilateral lung** & 23 & 23 & ns \\ \hline
**Mean dose of contralateral lung** & 9 & 9 & ns \\ \hline
**V5** & 56\% & 56\% & ns \\ \hline
**V20** & 23\% & 23\% & ns \\ \hline
**Mean dose of esophagus** & 27 & 27 & ns \\ \hline
**Mean dose of heart** & 15 & 15 & ns \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Results of the DVH of plane 1 and plane 2.  
Mean dose, V5 and V20 for lung-PTV were substantially equivalent for standard RT plans and SPECT-based ones. No differences were observed for isoROI 20%, while a slight but significant improvement in mean lung dose was found in terms of isoROI 40%. Better results for all abovementioned dosimetric parameters were achieved for the isoROI 60% and 80% in the SPECT-optimized plan (Table 3).
# Simultaneous Prevention of Rotational and Translational Slip for a Humanoid Robot
## 5 Simulations and Experiments
### Experiments  
The real humanoid robot BHR-5 [6] is used for experiments. Walking parameters are the same as those in simulations. The material of the ground on which the robot walked is a kind of rubber. The coefficient of static friction between the foot sole and the ground surface is estimated as 0.5 and the threshold of the coefficient of friction, \(\mu_{0}\), is set to 0.3.  
Figure 9 shows the snapshots of biped walking in the real world. The yellow line (mark line) is along the walking direction in the sagittal plane. Without the proposed slip prevention methods, the robot is getting closer to the mark line during the walking as Figure 9a shows. However, once the proposed slip prevention methods is used, the robot can keep straight walking along the make line, as Figure 9b shows. Hence, the effectiveness of the proposed slip prevention methods is validated.  
Figure 10a illustrates the comparison of the total yaw moment with and without the proposed slip prevention methods. The blue line is the original yaw moment without control, while the red line is the compensated yaw moment with control. The maximum yaw moment of the red line is smaller than that of the blue line, which means the proposed human-inspired yaw moment compensation method effectively reduces the yaw moment. Therefore, the rotational slip is prevented by the proposed walking pattern generator in Section 3.  
Figure 9: Humanoid robot walking experiments.  
Figure 10b compares the reaction force ratio \(F_{x}/F_{z}\) during walking. It is obvious that the reaction force ratio with the proposed slip prevention methods is smaller than that without the proposed slip prevention methods. The reduced amplitudes of the red line indicates that the proposed CoM acceleration compensation method in this paper is effective in suppressing the reaction force ratio. Thus, the translational slip is prevented by the proposed reaction force ratio reduction control in Section 4.
## 2 Literature Review and Hypothetical Relationships in the Research Model
### Technology Acceptance--UTAUT  
This study utilized the UTAUT proposed by [PERSON] [35] to examine consumers' behavioral intentions to use SWDs during leisure activities. The UTAUT is recognized as one of the most mature models in the field of technology acceptance research [45] and is considered the most comprehensive interpretation model of technology acceptance [46; 47; 48]; it also represents the most advanced comprehensive view [30; 35]. It is built on eight models, namely, Task-Technology Fit (TTF), Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), Theory of Rational Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Motivation Model (MM), Model of PC Use (MPCU), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), and PC based on combined TAM and TPB (C-TAM-TPB) [35]. The model contains four independent variables: Performance Expectancy is defined as the degree to which an individual believes that using the system will help them attain gains in job performance. Effort Expectancy is defined as the degree of ease associated with the use of the system. Social Influence is defined as the degree to which an individual perceives the importance that others ascribe to using the new system.  
Facilitating Conditions is defined as the degree to which an individual believes that an organizational and technical infrastructure exists to support the use of the system.  
The UTAUT has been widely used by researchers to explain consumers' behavioral intentions [35; 36]. However, it has some limitations. To address this issue, [PERSON] suggests that researchers introduce new variables in various contexts and cultures [49]. Additionally, some studies have shown that good results can be obtained by deleting the moderator variable [50]. In this study, we cite the UTAUT in the leisure field and eliminate the influence of the moderator based on our research sample's characteristics. Our aim is to test the usefulness of an expanded UTAUT for predicting consumer behavioral intentions to use SWDs for leisure activities. We verify whether this enhanced model can maintain a high level of explanatory power. Therefore, we make the following assumptions:  
**Hypothesis 1:**: _Performance Expectancy has a significant impact on behavioral intentions to use SWDs in leisure._
**Hypothesis 2:**: _Effort Expectancy has a significant impact on behavioral intentions to use SWDs in leisure._
**Hypothesis 3:**: _Social Influence has a significant impact on behavioral intentions to use SWDs in leisure._
**Hypothesis 4:**: _Facilitating Conditions have a significant impact on behavioral intentions to use SWDs in leisure._
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Determination of the Warning Thresholds
#### 3.3.2 Numerical Analysis  
Based on the modified model, the stability of the current state of the landslide was analyzed according to the strength reduction method, and the FOS was calculated to be 1.38. According to the Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering (GB50330-2013) published by the Chinese Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, it can be determined that Shangtan landslide was in a stable state at the end of June.  
A follow-up was carried out to determine the warning criterion for different landslide stages according to the evolutionary conditions. Simulating the deformation of this land  
Figure 10: Simulated displacement nephogram based on the inversion results.  
Figure 9: Residual plots.  
slide, apart from considering the changes in the stress field under the action of gravity, the changes in the pore pressure field generated by groundwater changes and seepage should also be considered. First, two combinations of shear strength parameters with safety factors of 1.05 and 1.10 were obtained according to the discount factor, and the ultimate groundwater level was set to simulate two cases: the metastable state and unstable state, and the calculation results are shown in Figure 11. The upper part of the figure shows the displacement calculation results when the simulated safety factor was 1.05 (i.e., sub-stable state), and the bottom part of the figure shows the displacement calculation results of the unstable state.  
According to the calculation results of the two evolutionary states, two sets of displacement warning criteria can be set (Table 5). When the relative displacement monitoring results reach the first set of thresholds, it means that the landslide is in a metastable state and should take corresponding management measures, and when the displacement reaches the second set of thresholds, it means that the landslide is about to become unstable and emergency warning measures should be taken.
###### Abstract  
This paper presents a thermo-economic analysis of a simple organic Rankine cycle (SORC) as a waste heat recovery (WHR) systems of a 2 MW stationary gas engine evaluating different working fluids. Initially, a systematic methodology was implemented to select three organic fluids according to environmental and safety criteria, as well as critical system operational conditions. Then, thermodynamic, exergy, and exergy-economic models of the system were developed under certain defined considerations, and a set of parametric studies are presented considering key variables of the system such as pump efficiency, turbine efficiency, pinch point condenser, and evaporator. The results show the influence of these variables on the combined power of the system (gas engine plus ORC), ORC exergetic efficiency, specific fuel consumption (\(\Delta\)BSFC), and exergo indicators such as the payback period (PBP), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and the specific investment cost (SIC). The results revealed that heat transfer equipment had the highest exergy destruction cost rates representing 81.25% of the total system cost. On the other hand, sensitivity analyses showed that acetone presented better energetic and exergetic performance when the efficiency of the turbine, evaporator, and condenser pinch point was increased. However, toluene was the fluid with the best results when pump efficiency was increased. In terms of the cost of exergy destroyed by equipment, the results revealed that acetone was the working fluid that positively impacted cost reduction when pump efficiency was improved; and toluene, when turbine efficiency was increased. Finally, the evaporator and condenser pinch point increased all the economic indicators of the system. In this sense, the working fluid with the best performance in economic terms was acetone, when the efficiency of the turbine, pinch condenser, and pinch evaporator was enhanced.  
energy analysis; exergy analysis; organic Rankine cycle; waste heat recovery; natural gas engine
## 3 Design of Approximate QAM Demodulation Circuits
### Approximate LLR Architecture  
To avoid the exponent and logarithmic calculations as well as the additions [26], Equation (1) can be simplified by using only the nearest constellation point with \(b_{i}=0\) and the nearest constellation point with \(b_{i}=1\). The final result is obtained by subtracting the minimum distances. This algorithmic approximation is called approximate LLR (ALLR) and is given by (2):  
\[LLR(b_{i})=-\frac{1}{\sigma^{2}}\Big{(}\min_{s\
i_{j}=0}\{(r_{x}-s_{x})^{2}+( r_{y}-s_{y})^{2})\}-\min_{s\
i_{j}=1}\{(r_{x}-s_{x})^{2}+(r_{y}-s_{y})^{2})\} \Big{)} \tag{2}\]  
Figure 2 presents the ALLR architecture. The ALLR architecture is fully pipelined and operates on a continuous stream of data without stalling the processing. The minimum of the \(M/2\) distances is computed by a fully pipelined comparator tree that is able to perform the comparison for every two inputs in \(\log_{2}M/2\) steps. The minimum value is stored in a register, to be used by the output subractor. For 64-QAM, the latency is 4 CCs, while for the 256-QAM, two additional clock cycles are required. The extra clock cycles in the 256-QAM are added due to the need of a bigger tree to calculate the minimum distances.  
Figure 1: \(M\)-QAM demodulation architecture of the exact log likelihood ratio (ELLR) algorithm.
## 7 Results and Discussion  
### Potential New Scenarios  
According to the simulation, it was possible to validate the effectiveness of the proposed improvement proposal to minimize the costs of absenteeism generated by the company and the musculoskeletal risks to workers. In an initial situation, the RULA analysis in the processes of machine operation review and bobbin loading showed results of 6 in both cases and a \"High\" risk level, evidencing the ergonomic risks to which the workers were exposed. Once the simulation was applied, it was possible to reduce these scores by 50.0% and lower them to a \"Medium\" risk level. Following the example of Intranuovo (2019 'b'), it shows a reduction of 50.0%, having a RULA evaluation from 8 to 4. In this sense, the result of the model proposal could be evidenced as satisfactory.  
The redesigned jobs of bobbin removal to the extruder machine and bobbin transfers initially had a score according to the REBA tool of 11 and 10 and a \"Very High\" and \"High\" risk level, respectively. When applying the improvements proposed in the simulation, it  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Pessimistic** & **Moderate** & **Optimistic** \\ \hline Payback & 11.46 months & 7.67 months & 7.21 months \\ NPV & PEN 1124.06 & PEN 13,370.34 & PEN 15,782.05 \\ IRR & 21.22\% & 80.98\% & 92.75\% \\ Cost/Benefit (C/B) & 1.04 & 1.56 & 1.67 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 11: An economic analysis by scenario.  
was possible to obtain a reduction of more than 50.0% (63.6% and 50.0%, respectively), with \"Medium\" risk levels in both cases. In the same way, similar improvements showed a percentage increase in ergonomic improvements of 66.3%, demonstrating the productive improvement of the changes in the workstations in terms of ergonomics [31].  
On the other hand, the proposed modifications in the redesign of the activities corresponding to the control of measurements and the arrangement of material in the cutter, had scores according to the OCRA tool, of 15.8 and 6 each, giving it a risk classification of \"Unacceptable medium\". After the validation of the improvement, the scores decreased by 74.7% and 66.67%, respectively, reaching the \"Optimal\" and \"Acceptable\" levels. This reduction aligns with the findings of [PERSON] (2019), who emphasized the need for a 79.0% reduction in ergonomic risks identified in the study.  
With the decrease in ergonomic risk scores obtained from the redesign simulation, the current amount incurred in severance costs should be significantly reduced, as well as the percentage of workers absent due to ergonomic health problems. In 2020, the company had a rate of 1.32%, which, although it does not exceed the permissible limit of 3.5% established by the International Labor Organization, was of high importance to be able to reduce it, since it directly affected production. With the proposed improvement, the rate should be less than 0.5%, since the results showed optimal risk levels that are not damaging to health.
## 2 Results
### One Step Process of Decolorization and Separation  
A one step process to decolorize and separate glucoerucin from crude extracts using two serially connected glass columns, wet-packed with selected adsorbents, was devised and tested: When the crude extracts flowed through the glass column containing PGMA, the pigments were absorbed by the particles; the decolorized crude extracts then flowed into the lower glass column where glucoerucin was adsorbed by PGMA-III. When the adsorption reached equilibrium, 10% aqueous ammonia (or 2 mol/L KCl solution) was used to elute glucoerucin; the collected eluate was evaporated and condensed into a solid product. After each cycle, 90% ethanol and 4% NaOH solution were applied respectively to regenerate the PGMA and PGMA-III adsorbents.  
Table 4 shows the effects of the different elution solvents (10% aqueous ammonia; 2 mol/L KCl solution) on the purity and recovery of glucoerucin. When KCl solution was used as the desorption solvent, the purity of glucoerucin was low due to the presence of salt. Partial removal of KCl, by precipitation with methanol, increased the purity of glucoerucin by 48.8% while the recovery decreased by 35.07%. However, using 10% aqueous ammonia, the purity and recovery of glucoerucin increased from 60.52% to 74.39% and 55.48% to 80.63% respectively. Furthermore, consumption of electric (used for drying procedures) was significantly reduced and a large quantity of methanol was saved. Therefore, 10% aqueous ammonia could be effectively used to purify glucoerucin from crude extracts.  
The purity of the glucoerucin obtained from the combined treatment of crude extracts with PGMA and PGMA-III was \(\leq\)74.39% higher than that only using PGMA-III alone; removal of the pigment with the PGMA increased the purity of glucoerucin (obtained using PGMA-III) by 11.30%. Therefore, PGMA and PGMA-III adsorbents could be used to decolorize and separate glucoerucin from other impurities using serially connected glass columns.
## 4 Discussion  
### Team Communication Model Development  
We collected the influencing factors on team communication during NPP emergencies and organized them into five elements. While analyzing the influencing factor categorization, we found that sub-elements are related not only to the sub-elements under the same element but also across other elements. An example is the apparent relationship between \"communication intention\" (individual elements), \"act of communication\" (communication elements), and \"teamwork behaviors\" (NPP task elements). These relationships between elements formed our preliminary model of team communication (Figure 8).  
Several papers also developed a type of team communication model. The authors of [48] developed a task context of NPP to group the performance influencing factors, which consisted of four main groups: human, task, system, and environment. As part of a theoretical study, a team process model is presented in [72], which consists of input items connected to the team process connected to the output items. The modeling of team situation awareness (TSA) was carried out in [9; 72; 73]. In conclusion, our current team communication model for NPP emergencies is influenced by [33]; however, the similarities end here, we will revise this preliminary model by referring to existing communication-related and cognitive systems engineering-related models to create a comprehensive and systematic team communication model. By tackling the basis of teamwork, namely, team communication, we believe that our work will be a meaningful reference in updating a larger scope model.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Element:** & **External Element** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Sub-Elements (Number of Influencing Factors):**} \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{External elements} & External interruptions; workspace comfort; safety culture; reference document; standards and regulations; quality of paper-based procedures; quality of digital procedures; quality of interfaces; quality of information display; use of automation system; quality of software; communication device familiarity; communication device availability; communication device accessibility; communication device ease of use; communication device accuracy; recent/drastic changes in the above factors \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: The influencing factors of external elements.  
The preliminary version of the team communication model was developed based on the available data, i.e., the influencing factors identified in the literature review; thus, it is data-driven. The merit of the data-driven method is that the data are traceable to their sources, explainable, and verifiable. However, the completeness of the model is unknown, and new findings could not be obtained. Also, some influencing factors might belong to other elements depending on the point of view of the analysts. In short, this preliminary model of team communication does not satisfy the \"mutually exclusive collectively exhaustive\" principle; hence, we agreed to proceed with a model-driven method.
## 3 Research Methodology
### Performance Evaluation
#### 3.3.7 Throughput  
Useful data sent to the sink from sensor nodes in a specific time is called its (network's) throughput. Starting rounds in every protocol are sharp. Later, the processing becomes minimized, as the information is reused again and again.  
\[S=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}S(k)\cdot g(k)\]  
\(S\) is throughput, where \(S(k)\) is the total amount of nodes and \(g(k)\) is the total data sent from the nodes.
# HRU-Net: High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Road Extraction Based on Multi-Scale Fusion
## 3 Experiments and Results
### Results and Analysis
#### 3.3.1 Test on Massachusetts Road Dataset
In this paper, Scheme 6, after introducing the UMR and MRF modules, was the only model capable of fully extracting the roads at Area 9 while also fully extracting the roads in other areas. The proposed algorithm effectively recovered disrupted roads and improved the completeness of road extraction, particularly in areas with severe obstruction and similar spectral phenomena. In Areas 1 and 8, where the road curvature changed significantly, Schemes 2-5 presented various degrees of noise and misidentification, incorrectly identifying other objects as roads. However, Schemes 1 and 6, which employed a \"U\" network structure, successfully extracted the roads, showcasing good generalization capabilities. In the most complex area (Area 6) in the tested remote sensing image, where two separate roads intersect at the center, Schemes 2-5 identified the two roads as a single road. Scheme 1 successfully identified the two roads but merged them with the lower left road. Scheme 6 not only separated the two roads better than Scheme 1 but also solved the road merging problem in Schemes 1 and 5. In summary, the proposed road extraction model HRU-Net, which uses a \"U\" network structure and incorporates multiple UMR and MRF modules, exhibited excellent extraction accuracy and completeness (including the extraction of roads with obstructions such as shadows, trees, narrow rural roads, and road connectivity).