## 3 Results
On the other hand, an increase in bone mass was related to a decrease in LDL-c and HOMA-IR in both groups. We only found a negative association between total cholesterol and bone mass in the control group. Finally, an increase in lean mass was associated with a decrease in TG levels and an increase in HDL-c in both groups, and with a decrease in LDL-c in the PCOS group (Table 2). Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess the independent relation of body composition (fat, bone, and lean mass) on lipid profile after adjusting for serum testosterone concentrations, age, and PCOS condition (Table 3). Body composition evaluated by anthropometry proved to be a predictive factor for alterations in lipid metabolism in all women. A higher fat mass predicted higher TG levels (\(\beta\) = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.77 to 1.80, \(p\) < 0.001), higher LDL-c (\(\beta\) = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.26 to 1.06, \(p\) = 0.001), lower HDL-c (\(\beta\) = \(-\)0.81, 95% CI: -1.04 to \(-\)0.59, \(p\) < 0.001), and higher HOMA-IR levels (\(\beta\) = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.11, \(p\) = 0.001). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Fat Mass (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Bone Mass (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Lean Mass (\%)**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & \(\beta\) **(95\% CI)** & \(p\)**-Value** & \(\beta\) **(95\% CI)** & \(p\)**-Value** & \(\beta\) **(95\% CI)** & \(p\)**-Value** \\ \hline TG & & & & & \\ Control & 1.16 (0.53 to 1.78) & 0.000 & \(-\)0.97 (\(-\)2.16 to 0.22) & 0.108 & \(-\)0.79 (\(-\)1.41 to 0.17) & 0.012 \\ PCOS & 1.71 (0.90 to 2.51) & 0.000 & \(-\)1.14 (\(-\)2.97 to 0.68) & 0.218 & \(-\)1.33 (\(-\)2.13 to 0.54) & 0.001 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{_Total cholesterol_} & & & & \\ Control & 0.34 (\(-\)0.31 to 0.99) & 0.305 & \(-\)1.20 (\(-\)2.38 to 0.02) & 0.046 & 0.02 (\(-\)0.61 to 0.65) & 0.952 \\ PCOS & 0.55 (\(-\)0.08 to 1.19) & 0.087 & \(-\)1.03 (\(-\)2.38 to 0.31) & 0.131 & \(-\)0.30 (\(-\)0.91 to 0.32) & 0.342 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{_HDL-c_} & & & & \\ Control & \(-\)0.80 (\(-\)1.12 to 0.49) & 0.000 & 0.20 (\(-\)0.42 to 0.83) & 0.515 & 0.68 (0.37 to 0.99) & 0.000 \\ PCOS & \(-\)0.74 (\(-\)1.04 to 0.45) & 0.000 & 0.64 (\(-\)0.04 to 1.33) & 0.064 & 0.55 (0.26 to 0.85) & 0.000 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{_LDL-c_} & & & & \\ Control & 0.91 (0.36 to 1.47) & 0.002 & \(-\)1.21 (\(-\)2.25 to 0.17) & 0.022 & \(-\)0.50 (\(-\)1.05 to 0.04) & 0.072 \\ PCOS & 0.96 (0.39 to 1.53) & 0.001 & \(-\)1.48 (\(-\)2.72 to 0.24) & 0.019 & \(-\)0.58 (\(-\)1.14 to 0.02) & 0.044 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{_HOMA-IR_} & & & & \\ Control & 0.06 (0.02 to 0.11) & 0.010 & \(-\)0.17 (\(-\)0.26 to 0.08) & 0.000 & \(-\)0.01 (\(-\)0.06 to 0.03) & 0.601 \\ PCOS & 0.07 (0.00 to 0.14) & 0.047 & \(-\)0.25 (\(-\)0.39 to 0.001) & 0.001 & \(-\)0.01 (\(-\)0.08 to 0.05) & 0.712 \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* PCOS: polycystic ovarian syndrome; \(\beta\) (95% CI); unstandardized coefficients (95% CI); BMI: body mass index; TG: triglycerides; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.); (Insulin (mUI/L)X glucose (mmol/L))/22.5; glucose: mmol/L = mg/dL/18 ([PERSON] et al., 1985).  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Univariate linear regression analysis for individual body composition measures as predictors of lipid profile in the PCOS group and controls. Regarding bone mass, higher percentages were associated with lower total cholesterol levels (\(\beta\) = \(-\)0.89, 95% CI: \(-\)1.74 to \(-\)0.03, \(p\) = 0.043), lower LDL-c (\(\beta\) = \(-\)1.09, 95% CI: \(-\)1.86 to \(-\)0.392 \(p\) = 0.006), and lower HOMA-IR (\(\beta\) = \(-\)0.20, 95% CI: \(-\)0.28 to \(-\)0.12, \(p\) < 0.001). Bone mass was not associated with TG in multivariate models after adjusting for age, testosterone, and PCOS status (Table 3). On the other hand, lean mass was negatively associated with TG (\(\beta\) = \(-\)0.96, 95% CI: \(-\)1.46 to \(-\)0.47, \(p\) < 0.001) and positively with HDL-c (\(\beta\) = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.86, \(p\) < 0.001).