# Enhancing Street-Crossing Safety for Visually Impaired Pedestrians with Haptic and Visual Feedback
## 5 Discussion
### Analysis of Confidence Levels in Relation to Decision Time and Crossing Behavior
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Feedback Modality** & **State** & **Size (Direction)** & **Confidence Level** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Frequency**} \\ \cline{4-7}  & & & **0.5 Hz** & **1.0 Hz** & **2.0 Hz** & **4.0 Hz** \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{Dynamic} & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Medium (Right) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.91 & 2.73 & 3.55 & 2.42 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.16 & 2.64 & 2.35 & 3.67 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 3.18 & 2.80 & 2.67 & 3.71 \\ \cline{2-7}  & & 100\% & 2.98 & 4.05 & 3.72 & 2.85 \\  & & 90–99\% & 3.68 & 2.73 & 2.27 & 3.23 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 3.53 & 3.13 & 2.46 & 3.10 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Right) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.98 & 3.93 & 4.52 & 2.81 \\  & & 90–99\% & 2.51 & 3.25 & 2.94 & 2.43 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 4.86 & 3.50 & 2.91 & 2.37 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Left) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.85 & 5.17 & 3.62 & 2.44 \\  & & 90–99\% & 3.29 & 3.29 & 2.26 & 2.44 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 4.69 & 3.83 & 2.92 & 2.63 \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Static \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Medium (Right) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.33 & 2.47 & 2.66 & 2.34 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.02 & 2.81 & 3.28 & 2.35 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 2.35 & 2.72 & 2.86 & 2.62 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Medium (Left) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.16 & 2.96 & 3.52 & 2.51 \\  & & 90–99\% & 3.43 & 3.05 & 2.49 & 2.23 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 2.68 & 3.33 & 2.74 & 2.77 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Right) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 4.50 & 3.62 & 4.66 & 2.71 \\  & & 90–99\% & 2.94 & 3.66 & 2.66 & 2.68 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 3.80 & 3.32 & 3.00 & 3.09 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Left) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 3.97 & 3.45 & 3.37 & 2.91 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.24 & 3.28 & 2.77 & 2.27 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 3.67 & 3.17 & 2.88 & 2.62 \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Visual Feedback \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Dynamic \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 4.07 & 5.91 & 4.02 & 3.80 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.96 & 5.25 & 5.39 & 2.92 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 5.46 & 4.46 & 3.76 & 3.26 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Left) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 4.83 & 6.91 & 4.16 & 3.85 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.95 & 5.48 & 4.36 & 4.19 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 5.13 & 4.35 & 4.04 & 3.32 \\ \cline{2-7}  & \multirow{7}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Small (Right) \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 5.60 & 4.45 & 5.20 & 3.96 \\  & & 90–99\% & 4.63 & 4.79 & 4.07 & 3.71 \\  & & \textless{}90\% & 5.79 & 4.75 & 3.92 & 3.35 \\ \hline \multirow{7}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Visual Feedback \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{7}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Dynamic \\ \end{tabular} } & 100\% & 5.37 & 4.98 & 5.77 & 3.79 \\  & & 90–99\% & 6.11 & 5.16 & 4.25 & 3.01 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & \textless{}90\% & 4.79 & 5.00 & 3.58 & 3.35 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Study 2: decision time (s) and confidence levels across different feedback parameters.