# Synergies and Potential of Industry 4.0 and Automated Vehicles in Smart City Infrastructure
## 3 Results
### Analysis of Industry 4.0 Elements and Their Use in Smart Cities  
#### 3.8.1 Digitization and Harnessing the Potential of New Technologies  
Digitization and harnessing the potential of new technologies in Industry 4.0 give an insight into the transformation of industries and the way manufacturing processes are carried out. As mentioned above, the first of the analyzed elements of Industry 4.0 is the digitization and exploitation of the potential of new technologies in Industry 4.0 and also in smart cities. Industry 4.0 involves digital transformation, which means the transition to digital technologies and processes in the industrial environment. This means that traditional mechanical and manual processes are replaced by automated systems that use sensors, IoT, artificial intelligence, and other digital tools to improve the efficiency and accuracy of manufacturing operations. IoT plays a key role in Industry 4.0, enabling communication and interaction between physical devices and software systems. This collection of sensors and connected devices provides manufacturing companies with vital data to monitor the health and efficiency of their process systems. Industry 4.0 is characterized by a high level of robotization and automation of production processes. Robotic systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated and capable of performing a wide range of tasks, increasing productivity, and reducing labor costs. Analytical tools and artificial intelligence are key components of Industry 4.0. These technologies enable manufacturing companies to analyze vast amounts of data and extract valuable insights that they can use to optimize their processes and decision making. With digitization and automation, mass personalization and individual production in the industry are also becoming possible. Thanks to flexible production processes and technologies, such as 3D printing and manufacturing, companies can adapt to individual customer requirements. The digital transformation of the industry is also having an impact on workflows and employee needs. Employees need to acquire new digital skills and adapt to new technological environments and production processes. Digital transformation can also contribute to environmental sustainability by enabling more efficient use of resources, minimizing waste and emissions, and promoting the use of renewable energies [63]. The analysis of digitalization and the exploitation of the potential of new technologies in Industry 4.0 in the context of smart cities offers insights into the integration of modern technological innovations into urban environments to improve the quality of life of residents and the efficiency of public services. Digital transformation in Industry 4.0 brings smart solutions for urban infrastructure. Sensors, IoT devices, and analytics tools can be integrated into various infrastructure elements such as transport networks, public lighting,  
Figure 7: Industry 4.0 market share, size, trends, industry analysis report, by technology source: Polaris market research analysis. Available online: [[https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/industry-4-market](https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/industry-4-market)]([https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/industry-4-market](https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/industry-4-market)) (accessed on 11 March 2024) [62]. waste management, and water systems, enabling better monitoring and management of these systems. In the context of smart cities, digitalization and automation in Industry 4.0 can lead to innovations in transport and mobility. Autonomous vehicles, intelligent transport systems, and shared transport services improve traffic flow, reduce congestion, and minimize emissions in urban areas. The use of new technologies in Industry 4.0 can contribute to increased energy efficiency in smart cities.