## 2 Results and Discussion
### Application in Biological Samples
#### 2.4.2 Concentration of Piperacillin and Imipenem in Plasma
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Pat.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Age**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Body**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Microorganisms**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Other**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Renal Impairment**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**PCT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**CRP**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Albumins**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Urea**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Creatinine**} \\ \# & [years] & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{5-10}  & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Patients receiving PIPERACILIN} \\ \hline
1 & 66 & 86 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} _P. mirabilis,_ \\ _E. faecalis_ \\ _P. aeruginosa,_ \\ _S. marcescens_ \\ \end{tabular} & - &
\begin{tabular}{c} CVVHD \\ _S. marcescens_ \\ \end{tabular} & 0.71 & 263 & 31.57 & 16 & 164 \\
3 & 68 & 84 &
\begin{tabular}{c} _C. freundi_ \\ _E. coli, Candida_ \\ _K. pneumoniae_ \\ \end{tabular} & - & - & 0.13 & 35.66 & 33.1 & 11.6 & 29.36 \\
5 & 46 & 67 &
\begin{tabular}{c} _C. freundi_ \\ _E. coli, Candida_ \\ _K. pneumoniae_ \\ \end{tabular} & - & - & 37.96 & 61 & 22.56 & 9.1 & 117 \\
6 & 77 & 79 &
\begin{tabular}{c} _E. coli, Candida_ \\ _C. albicans_ \\ \end{tabular} & - & - & 0.06 & 60.14 & 31.64 & 4 & 28.72 \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{Patients receiving PIPERACILIN} \\ \hline
1 & 71 & 78 & \begin{tabular}{c} _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} ceftaxone \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} CVVHD \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 4.72 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 369.99 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 27.64 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 11.1 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 220.28 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} \\
2 & 92 & 68 & \begin{tabular}{c} _K. pneumoniae_ \\ _S. pneumoniae_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}piperacillin \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 4.72 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 366.4 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 34.44 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 16 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 196.23 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} \\
3 & 30 & 78 & \begin{tabular}{c} _Candidia_ spp. \\ _Candidia_ spp. \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}piperacillin \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 34.47 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 234.75 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 21.52 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 27 \\ _[PERSON]. [PERSON]_ \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 197.61 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
3 & 30 & 78 & \begin{tabular}{c} _Candidia_ spp. \\ _Candidia_ spp. \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}piperacillin \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 236 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 327.57 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 39.73 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 14.4 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 178.12 \\ _[PERSON]. aureus_ \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Plasma concentration of unbound piperacillin and unbound imipenem before and after drug administration according to the protocol described in the text. The value “0” (zero) in antibiotic treatment duration indicates that the day of sample collection is the first day of receiving the respective antibiotic. In patients treated with impienem, 1 g of this antibiotic was administered every 8 h as an infusion over 3 h. According to the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) for Imipenem/Cilastatin, the maximal impienem concentration in plasma after infusion of 1 g in healthy volunteers was in the range of 41-83 \(\upmu\)g/LI, reaching the mean maximal value of 66 \(\upmu\)g/mL [36].