## 1 Introduction  
Civil infrastructure is aging all over the world [1], and the ages of many structures are approaching to the designed service life [2]. However, the aging bridges are subjected to increasing traffic loading [3] and climate change impacts [4]. Among various structural components, the degradation of columns is attracting increasing research interests for structural engineers, because column resists vertical loading and directly affects the structural safety [5; 6; 7]. Model test and In-situ test have been considered as the effective approach to investigate the mechanical performance of bridge structures [8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14]. Reinforced concrete columns have been strengthened using different materials, such as reinforced concrete, steel, and fiber reinforced polymers(FRP). [PERSON] et al. [15] investigated the flexural behavior of RC columns that are strengthened by reactive powder concrete (RPC) and showed RPC could increase the ultimate flexural load effectively. However, a long time was needed after the reinforcement process to let RPC reach certain strength. [PERSON] et al. [16], and [PERSON] and [PERSON] [17] analyzed the seismic behavior of bridge piers strengthened by steel and FRP, respectively, and validated the effectiveness. However a flat and smooth surface is needed to apply steel plate or FRP jacketing. In addition, the bond strength between the steel plate and FRP, and concrete structure must be considered because there is a large possibility to debonding failure [18; 19; 20]. Ferrocement, which is a composite material that consists of steel mesh with dense spacing and concrete or mortar, was developed for reinforced concrete columns [21]. [PERSON] et al. [22] and [PERSON] et al. [23] investigated the flexural strength of ferrocement members while using a neural network model and gene expression programming, respectively, and a higher flexural strength of ferrocement as compared with FRP plates was demonstrated. [PERSON] et al. [24] studied the influence of the diameter of steel mesh on corrosion resistance of ferrocement. The small diameter of steel mesh was proved to be beneficial to the corrosion resistance. [PERSON] et al. [25] conducted an experimental study and found that the ductility of concrete column strengthened using ferrocement was higher than that of concrete column strengthened using FRP. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [26] researched the reinforcement effect of ferrocement on reinforced concrete columns under sustaining load, and the bearing capacity of the column was improved effectively when compared with the control column. [PERSON] et al. [27; 28] proposed an improved ferrocement strengthening technique for square columns when circumferential strengthening method was applied. The technique that is proposed can address the stress concentration problem for the corner effectively. The works that are mentioned above show the ferrocement strengthening technique has shown great promise. However, new requirements are put forward for the strengthening material. For the bridge structures in a traffic-intensive location, the time for bridge reinforcement should be shortened as much as possible in order to recover the traffic rapidly and decrease losses. Though there are many advantages for ferrocement material, the concrete or mortar in ferrocement requires a long curing time, which may increase the downtime of main route. This potentially increases the traffic pressure in urban settings. Therefore, this is a need to develop new materials for rapid strengthening. Steel mesh reinforced resin concrete (SMRC) has been presented as a strengthening material for solving the problem that is mentioned above [29]. [PERSON] [29] advised to replace the concrete or mortar in conventional ferrocement with the high-performance resin concrete. The resin concrete can reach certain strength in a short of period and the time for reinforcement process can be reduced using SMRC material.