## 2 Related Work  
Mobile applications have proliferated in society in recent years, allowing us to carry out tasks anywhere. They also can potentially improve the quality of life of AD patients and their IC [16]. In this context, they can be roughly classified into two major AD categories: applications for patients and caregivers. The first focuses on aspects related to daily living and activities for self-assessment. They can be decomposed into self-diagnosis [17], brain stimulation and training [18; 19; 20], movement and navigation [21; 22], tips and reminders [23],and communication with family members. For AD caregivers (either FC or IC), there are still few apps that focus on improving the quality of life of an IC [14], and those that are available focus on the monitoring and caring of AD patients. These can be subdivided into tips for caring, monitoring, tracking, and caring for health [24; 25; 26; 27; 28; 29]. Despite many applications being available for healthy eating and AD care, they do not account for the specificity of each AD patient. They do not provide real-time feedback on the consumption of each meal to the nutritionist. For general well-being and weight loss, hundreds of applications are available. In this section, we review those that present more features related to the research presented in this paper. _MyfitnessPal_[30; 31] contains a large food dataset and provides a calorie counter for users to track their diet and exercise. In a similar context, _FatSecret_[32] is a calorie counter application that allows users to track their nutrition, exercise, and weight. Moreover, it contains dietitian meal plans and user communication with tips and shared recipes. An interesting feature in both applications is the barcode scanner for image recognition to track foods from images. _Lifesum_[33] is also a calorie counter (in kiljoules, instead of standard units of calories) and food-tracking app that can be used to help lose, maintain, or gain weight. More than a weight loss application, it allows the creation of personalized plans--based on government recommendations--that accommodate the user's body type, nutritional level, exercise habits, and dietary needs. Similarly, _MyPlate Calorie Counter_[34] provides information about meals, recommendations, and recipes for meals. _Fooducate_[35] is a food plan consumption tracking app that provides information on the calories ingested. These calories are related to health and nutrition goals. It allows the integration with standard diets such as paleo, keto, and the Mediterranean diet [36]. Similarly, _Lose It!_[37; 38] is an app that helps people achieve their health and weight loss goals by tracking meals and calories throughout the day. It provides healthy recipes, guides to exercises, and water intake registration. In the _My Plate_ app [39], the food is divided into groups (fruits, vegetables, grains, protein foods, dairy) that are represented with a specific color. However, the user has to specify the goals of the nutrients to consume instead of these being defined by a nutritionist. These are some of the hundreds of applications with essentially the same scope of functionalities. In Table 1, their features are presented. Noticeably, none of them was designed for older persons, nor people with dementia. Specifically for people with particular health concerns, _ADDietCoach_[42] is a mobile application built on an ontological knowledge base related to the AD patient profile, food, and nutrition. It assists informal caregivers of AD in diet planning, recommendation of food and nutrition, and education. _My Diet Diary_[40] is an app for users with diabetes and works as a digital diary for their food consumption, water intake, and physical activity. It follows in line with most developed applications. Although _Fooducate_[35] is not designed for people with health concerns, it possesses dietary recommendations for diabetes, high cholesterol, and heart conditions.