## 4 Discussion  
The determination of PPT location as a function of base and length of spur (Figure 1 down) is necessary for obtaining an accurate PMCP value and the point location in each patient. The results of PPT from 13 patients, as shown in Table 2, showed that the PMCP occurs mostly at the anterior site (that is, 38.5%). This result is similar to previously published work reported by [PERSON] et al. [6] and [PERSON] et al. [17]. These PPT results are also in accordance with the study of [PERSON] et al. [14], which indicated that the average PMCP at the medial site was significantly lower than the one at the lateral site (that is, 2.25 and 3.13 kg/cm\({}^{2}\), respectively).  
The research for obtaining the contour of the sole by varying the contact area of the foot using 3D scanners is a novelty. By using a 3D foot scanner [22; 23; 27], it is easier to obtain a form of a shoe insole mold (foot impression cast) than previously, which involved placing the sole of a foot on a gypsum mold for any different bearing conditions [18; 19]. The procedure that is described in Figure 3a can be applied to determine any foot impression cast shape of the shoe insole area. For example, it is desirable to get a foot impression cast shape shoe insole area of 70%; the initial value of the percentage of z deduction can be set to 10% (Table 3). The generating xyz-coordinates obtained from Equation (2) can be made into a 3D negative cast model from wood (Figure 5) by using Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling.  
Table 4 is used to check the validity of load measurements and the position of the foot during standing. In comparison to the BW, at 0% A, it shows that the subjects' feet support a total load of 19.04% of BW in the calcaneal region. This result is similar to the previous study of 19.32% BW presented in Ref. [34]. In comparison to the total pressure of all sensors, the pressure at MH is larger than at LH for all insole foot areas, which indicates that most of the patients' heels tend to pronation while standing [35; 36]. The pronation tendency occurs very clearly in 75% A and 100% A, and are possibly caused by the sensor mounted at the LH shifting to the heel center line for holding pain, seen from the significant decrease in load to only 22.44% and 19.44%, respectively, compared to MH.  
This study proved that contoured insole are better than flat insoles in reducing local peak pressures [18; 19; 20], but in relation to pressure relieving pain, are only 100% A at MH and 50-100% A at LH, which are lower pressures than the PMCPs. The pressures at CH are all lower than PMCP for the all insole foot areas (Figure 6). These results are corresponding to the research conducted by [PERSON] et al. [16] and [PERSON] et al. [37], and prove that the contoured insole increases foot area contact and reduces pain pressure in the calcaneal region. To find the percentage of insole foot areas suitable for each patient without causing pain in detail, we can examine the evaluation of pressure in the calcaneal region associated with the types of spur length (Table 5). For large spur lengths there are four patients requiring a 100% A; for the medium spur lengths there is one patient requiring 50% A, five patients requiring 75% A, and one patient requiring 100% A; while for small spur lengths there are two patients requiring 50% A and 100% A, respectively.  
The average difference between the location of the base of the spur (S) and the location of the center of the heel (CH) was 1.37 mm (Table 1). Therefore, the position of the CH as the basis for the measurement of pressure using the FSR sensor was relatively accurate, since the area of the sensor was still able to compress the base of the spur.