# Impact of Plasma Combustion Technology on Micro Gas Turbines Using Biodiesel Fuels
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Emission Levels of the GTE
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Fuel Types**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Load Types**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**O\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**CO (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**CO\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**NO (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**NO\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} \\ \cline{3-11}  & & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Diesel} & Low & 16.4 & 16.3 & 0.17 & 0.18 & 3 & 3.1 & 11 & 12 & 10 & 10 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.7 & 16.7 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 2.8 & 2.9 & 13 & 12 & 13 & 14 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.6 & 16.6 & 0.07 & 0.08 & 2.9 & 3 & 15 & 15 & 14 & 17 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Kerosene} & Low & 16.5 & 16.5 & 0.11 & 0.12 & 2.9 & 2.9 & 12 & 11 & 5 & 17 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.7 & 16.6 & 0.08 & 0.09 & 2.7 & 2.8 & 10 & 12 & 10 & 12 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.8 & 16.5 & 0.05 & 0.06 & 2.7 & 2.9 & 16 & 16 & 4 & 12 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{B20} & Low & 16.5 & 16.4 & 0.12 & 0.13 & 2.9 & 3 & 12 & 6 & 5 & 10 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.7 & 16.09 & 0.09 & 0.1 & 2.8 & 2.8 & 8 & 7 & 12 & 12 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.6 & 16.6 & 0.04 & 0.04 & 2.9 & 2.9 & 14 & 15 & 12 & 15 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{B50} & Low & 16.5 & 16.3 & 0.13 & 0.14 & 2.9 & 3.1 & 9 & 10 & 7 & 9 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.7 & 16.7 & 0.11 & 0.12 & 2.8 & 2.8 & 7 & 7 & 13 & 13 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.7 & 16.5 & 0.05 & 0.06 & 2.9 & 2.9 & 16 & 16 & 12 & 16 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{B75} & Low & 16.6 & 16.6 & 0.13 & 0.13 & 2.9 & 2.9 & 6 & 5 & 8 & 9 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.8 & 16.8 & 0.12 & 0.13 & 2.8 & 2.8 & 6 & 5 & 13 & 13 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.7 & 16.6 & 0.06 & 0.07 & 2.9 & 3 & 16 & 13 & 12 & 14 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{B100} & Low & 16.4 & 16.4 & 0.18 & 0.18 & 3 & 3.1 & 7 & 8 & 10 & 11 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.8 & 16.7 & 0.13 & 0.13 & 2.8 & 2.9 & 7 & 6 & 14 & 14 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.6 & 16.6 & 0.08 & 0.08 & 3 & 3 & 12 & 12 & 15 & 15 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}   
* In the Table 8, yellow highlights indicate the GHG emissions comparison result under regular and integrated plasma-rich fuel mixtures. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Fuel Types**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Load Types**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**O\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**CO (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**CO\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**NO (\%)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**NO\({}_{2}\) (\%)**} \\ \cline{3-11}  & & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** & **Norm** & **Plasma** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Diesel} & Low & 16.4 & 16.3 & 0.17 & 0.18 & 3 & 3.1 & 11 & 12 & 10 & 10 \\ \cline{2-11}  & Medium & 16.7 & 16.7 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 2.8 & 2.9 & 13 & 12 & 13 & 14 \\ \cline{2-11}  & High & 16.6 & 16.6 & 0.07 & 0.08 & 2.9 & 3 & 15 & 15 & 14 & 17 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Kerosene} & Low & 16.5 & 16.5 & 0.11 & 0.  
impact of NO and NO\({}_{2}\) on the environment. All of the biodiesel fuels produced a promising lower composition of NO emissions under both low and high loading conditions, as seen in the highlighted cells in Table 7. The B75 biodiesel blended fuel demonstrated the lowest percentage of NO and NO\({}_{2}\) content of 5% and 7%, respectively, compared with other applied fuels under three different loading conditions, as displayed in Figure 11. Under integrated plasma technology, the obtained NO from with B75 demonstrated lower values under different loading conditions than fossil diesel. The lower NO composition is observed under integrated hybrid plasma-rich fuel-assisted combustion, which is attributed to the positive impact of the generated hydrogen plasma molecules that increase the combustion temperature and ensure a complete combustion process. This phenomenon raises both the cylinder temperature and the hydrogen flame formation speed, thus reducing NO emissions from the applied biodiesel fuel blends.