# Peptide Mediated Antimicrobial Dental Adhesive System  
[PERSON]  
1  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 2  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 2  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 2  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 2  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 2  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 3  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 3  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (X.G. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Q.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (PS.) 3  
[PERSON]
1 Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15 th St., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.-X.X. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (K.B. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.K.V. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] or [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (E.Y. ); [PERSON]DDRESS] (L.S. ); xpge718@gmail. Various approaches have been investigated to improve the longevity of restorative composite. In our recent study, lysine incorporation into a dental adhesive system similar to a HEMA/Bis-GMA based commercial analog resulted in neutralization. Modulating the pH of the dental adhesive by adding a single amino acid, lysine, can lead to overcome the adverse effects of the acidic microenvironment and enhance the durability of composite restorations [15]. Other approaches explored to incorporate antimicrobial agents, and consecutively develop antimicrobial properties in the restorative composites. These approaches include the use of zinc- or silver-based nanoparticles with innate antimicrobial properties through metallic ion release [16; 17; 18]. Other techniques have relied on the use of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) chemically bound to (immobilized) or copolymerized with the composite monomer formulation [19; 20; 21; 18].