## 2 The Phytochemistry of _Artemisia annua_ L. (Qinghao)
### Flavonoids
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **Refs** \\ \hline _Quercetin_ & & & \\ \hline Quercetin **(207)** & 3,3’,4’,5,7-Pentahydroxflavone & [117-39-5] & [84] \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4_H_-1-benzopyranan-4-one & & \\  & 3’,4’,5,7-Tetrahydrox/flavonol & & \\ Quercetin 3-methyl ether **(208)** & 3’,4',5,7-Tetrahydrox-3-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & benzopyranan-4-one & & \\ Isoquercitrin **(209)** & Quercetin-3-glucofuranoside & [21637-25-2] & [71, \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranasoloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy- & [482-35-9] & [89] \\  & 4_H_-1-benzopyranan-4-one & & \\  & 3-Glucopyrananosyl-3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy-3’-tetrahydroxyflavone & & \\ Quercetin 3-glucuronopyranoside & [153-18-4] & [84] \\ Isorhamentin 3-glucoside **(211)** & 3-Glucopyranasoloxy-4’,5,7-trihydroxy-3’-methoxyflavone & [5041-82-7] & [71] \\ Rhamnetin **(212)** & 3,3’,4’,5-Tetrahydrox-7-methoxyflavone & [90-19-7] & [76, \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & benzoyman-4-one & & \\  & 3’,4',5'-Trhydroxy-7-methoxyflavonol & & \\ Quercetin **(213)** & 3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydrox/flavone 3’-\(O\)-\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranoside & [491-50-9] & [89] \\ Tamarixetin **(216)** & 3,3',5,7-Tetrahydrox-4'-methoxyflavone & [603-61-2] & [76, \\  & 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4_H_-1-benzopyranan- & & \\  & 4-one & & \\  & 3',5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavonol & & \\ \hline _Other pentahydroxflavonols_ & & & \\ \hline Eupalitin **(217)** & 3,4',5-Trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy/flavone & [29536-41-2] & [96] \\  & 3,5-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-4_H_-1-benzopyranan- & & \\  & 4-one & & \\ Penduletin **(218)** & 3,4',5,6,7-Pentahydrox/flavone 3,6,7-trimethyl ether & [569-80-2] & [76, 94, 97] \\
3,4’,5,6,7-Pentahydrox/flavone & & & \\
3,4',6,7-tetramethyl & ether & & \\
**(219)** & & & \\ Mikanin **(220)** & 3,4',5,6,7-Pentahydrox/flavone 4',6,7-trimethyl ether & & \\  & 3,5-Dihydroxy-4',6,7-trimethyl flavone & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}   
**Table 20.** Pentahydrox Flavonols. \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Name** & **Alternative Name(s)** & **CAS Number** & **Refs** \\ \hline _Quercetin_ & & & \\ \hline Quercetin **(207)** & 3,3’,4’,5,7-Pentahydroxflavone & [117-39-5] & [84] \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4_H_-1-benzopyranan-4-one & & \\ Quercetin 3-methyl ether **(208)** & 3’,4’,5’,7-Tetrahydrox-3-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & benzopyranan-4-one & & \\ Isoquercitrin **(209)** & Quercetin-3-glucofuranoside & [21637-25-2] & [71, \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranasoloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy- & [482-35-9] & [89] \\  & 4_H_-1-benzopyranan-4-one & & \\  & 3-Glucopyrananosyl-3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone & & \\ Quercetin 3-glucuronopyranoside & [153-18-4] & [84] \\ Isorhamentin 3-glucose **(211)** & 3-Glucopyranasoloxy-4’,5,7-trihydroxy-3’-methoxyflavone & [5041-82-7] & [71] \\ Rhamnetin **(212)** & 3,3',4',5-Tetrahydrox-7-methoxyflavone & [90-19-7] & [76, \\  & 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4_H_-1- & & \\  & benzopyranan-4-one & & \\  & 3,4',5'-Tr