## 2 Literature Review
### Simulation Software  
There are several general-purpose simulation packages on the market, such as Arena [16; 17], ExtendSim [18], Simio [19; 20], Anylogic [21; 22], and others. Arena is typically used for applications such as manufacturing, supply chains, defense, and healthcare. The modeling structures are functionally organized into different \"templates\" that are used to model arrivals, departures, services, and unit decision logic. This is the basic approach. The Arena software also allows for an advanced process approach with access to external data files in Excel, Access, and SQL databases. A model is created by dragging modules into the main model window and connecting them together to represent the flow of units through the simulated system. Detailed modules can be designed using dialog boxes. Three-dimensional (3D) animations can be created simultaneously using the \"Visual Designer\". In addition, there is activity-based costing that provides value-added and non-value-added cost and time reports. The Arena simulation package has not been widely used in previous research, but there are two cases where it has been used for assembly lines [23; 24]. ExtendSim is the name for a family of four general-purpose simulation packages targeted toward specific market segments. A simulation model is created in a virtual environment by selecting blocks from libraries, placing them in selected locations in the model window, similar to Arena, and connecting them together to represent the flow of units through the system. Detailed modules can be designed using dialog boxes. The software can create a wide range of different system configurations. It has activity-based costing, which allows fixed and variable costs to be assigned to a unit as it moves through the simulated system. The \"Scenario Manager\" allows us to explore different scenarios and shows us the model responses from one scenario to another. This literature review shows that there are some applications of ExtendSim simulation packages in logistics [25], transportation [26], and some other non-processing areas. Simio is an object-oriented suite of simulation and planning products [20]. It is a simulation modeling framework based on smart objects that allow models to be created either using a standard library (for discrete-event simulations) or by allowing the user to create new objects. An object in a library can be a customer or a machine. A model is created by dragging objects into the 2D \"Facility\" window, connecting them with links to show the flow of entities through the simulated system. Similar to the previously presented software packages, detailed modules can be designed using a property editor. A 3D perspective view is also available for better visualization. The structure of an object in Simio is identical to the structure of a model, and each model is automatically a module that can be used to build hierarchical models. Specific properties (e.g., the machiningtime of a machine) and states (e.g., idle or busy) can be defined for each inserted object. Simio also provides a set of sophisticated functions for running and analyzing simulation experiments with different scenarios. The Simio simulation package is more widely used than the previous two simulation software packages, but not for assembly lines. It has some applications in logistics [27], service planning [28], production planning [29], and cellular manufacturing [30]. Anylogic is a powerful and flexible simulation software package that can be used to model and analyze complex systems in a variety of industries, including healthcare, transportation, and logistics. Anylogic offers users three different modeling approaches: discrete-event, agent-based, and system dynamics. This makes it a versatile tool that can be used to model a wide range of systems. Like other software solutions, Anylogic also has powerful visualization and analysis tools, including the ability to create 2D and 3D animations of models, and perform advanced statistical analysis.