# The 6G Ecosystem as Support for IoE and Private Networks: Vision, Requirements, and Challenges
## 6 The 6G Network Infrastructure to Manage V2X Application Lifecycles
MEC, an evolution of previous edge computing technologies [106; 110; 111], has emerged as a paradigm shift by decentralizing some functions from centralized mobile cloud computing (MCC) and placing them closer to edge devices within the RAN. It means that MEC is focused on communication originating from mobile devices like 5G terminals and IoT devices within the immediate environment. MEC was designed with mobile communication as its primary consideration. This approach delivers efficient services for computation-intensive or latency-critical tasks, striking a balance between uploading data to a central cloud server and processing it on resource-constrained mobile devices [106; 112]. Challenges like propagation delay, i.e., ultra-low latency, network congestion, optimal performance, connectivity feasibility and reliability, scalability, robust security, and privacy concerns, all while facilitating high-speed communication and computations, are effectively tackled through well-designed AI-MEC schemes [113; 114]. V2X is a crucial enabler for autonomous vehicles, potentially significantly enhancing road safety and traffic efficiency [115]. Within this context, C-V2X emerges as a standardized V2X solution specified by 3 GPP. C-V2X offers communication capabilities with low latency, very high reliability, and a high data rate. It caters to various communication scenarios, encompassing V2V, vehicle-to-pedestrian, vehicle-to-infrastructure, and vehicle-to-cloud interactions. The 3 GPP-defined MEC architecture is adaptable for V2X applications. MEC servers can be positioned within the cellular network or at the road-side, linked to the network--a decision influenced by business models and policies. MEC enables C-V2X to facilitate cooperative perception, computing, and decision-making for autonomous vehicles. Vehicle density is a key aspect in V2X communications, especially considering the crucial nature of managing and facilitating communication in environments with varying vehicle densities. In the realm of 6G V2X communications, the network infrastructure must exhibit proficiency in handling high-density scenarios. This entails ensuring low-latency and reliable communication even in heavily populated vehicular networks. Additionally, positioning accuracy stands paramount in V2X communications. It is essential to ensure safe and effective interaction among vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. As we progress into the age of 6G, there is a pressing need to enhance localization accuracy to accommodate the stringent demands of various V2X use cases, especially those pivotal for safety and autonomous driving. Another dimension of challenges revolves around interoperability (Table 1). Ensuring diverse systems, perhaps originating from different manufacturers or developers, can work cohesively is a significant hurdle. The 6G V2X communication framework should ideally promote interoperability, facilitating seamless interaction among disparate systems and technologies. Furthermore, navigating through and complying with various regional and global regulations and standards becomes imperative. The 6G framework must ensure that V2X communications are compliant and standardized, adhering to regulatory requisites and promoting global operability. Diving deeper into use cases, enhancing safety aspects through V2X communications might involve scenarios like collision avoidance and emergency vehicle warning. These use cases necessitate reliable and rapid communication facilitated by 6G. Vehicle operations management pertains to managing vehicle operations effectively through V2X communications and primarily focuses on use cases related to fleet management and vehicle diagnostics. On the convenience front, V2X communication involves use cases