## 3 Results and Discussion
### Influence of Grain Size Distribution, Land Use, and Total Organic Carbon on Heavy Metal Content
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Shapiro–Wilk**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Fisher Test**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**T-Test**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Mann-Whitney**} \\  & & **Test** & & & **Test** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Aluminum (Al)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.5267 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.1024} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.6493} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.9583 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Arsenic (As)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.03407 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.06005} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.3156} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.1679 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Barium (Ba)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.03223 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.1085} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.1868} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.2368 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Beryllium (Be)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.5786 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.3991} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.5124} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.298 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Cobalt (Co)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.05893 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.7311} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.5215} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.01628 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Chromium (Cr)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.4834 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.0002189} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.8944} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.6628 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Copper (Cu)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.0148 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.1904} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.3183} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.8995 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Iron (Fe)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.08483 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.2291} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.1604} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.8223 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Manganese (Mn)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.3145 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.5804} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.5712} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.04421 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Nickel (Ni)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.488 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.3111} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.8715} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.8075 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Lead (Pb)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.3724 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.2038} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.6291} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.01533 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Antimony (Sb)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.5021 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.393} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.2853} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.4418 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Thallium (TI)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.2443 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.01631} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.9778} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.1311 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Vanadium (V)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.3514 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.00107} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.9159} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.8593 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Zinc (Zn)} & \(p\)-value upstream samples & 0.2134 & \multirow{2}{*}{0.9959} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.3348} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\ \cline{2-3} \cline{5-6}  & \(p\)-value downstream samples & 0.69 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 12: Test results for heavy metals of the Camastra reservoir. Figure 8: Distribution of grain size composition of the Camastra sediments (from upstream to downstream), where “C” code stands for Camastra. Figure 7: Distribution of grain size composition of the San Giuliano sediments (from upstream to downstream), where “SG” code stands for San Giuliano.