# The Impact of 6G-IoT Technologies on the Development of Agriculture 5.0: A Review
## 1 Introduction  
Recent advancements in smart devices and wireless communication technologies have facilitated the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), which exploits devices' pervasive sensing and communication/computing capabilities [1]. IoT is conceptualized more precisely as a network of physical objects comprising hardware, software, sensors, and actuators. It aims to facilitate the collection and transmission of measurement data to data centers, where they can be stored and analyzed. Recent literature demonstrates that IoT applications extend across a wide range of research fields, such as smart cities [2], environmental applications (weather forecasting, air quality forecasting, etc.) [3], healthcare [4], and smart agriculture [5]. In an agricultural context, IoT plays a pivotal role in advancing smart agriculture [6]. Indeed, one of the primary reasons the agricultural sector is capable of gathering andutilizing a substantial amount of useful data is the development and diffusion of IoT technologies. Future advancements in these technologies are envisaged to have a similar effect and to play a key role in the further development of the agricultural sector [7]. Current IoT systems rely mostly on wireless communication technologies to acquire and transmit data throughout the network. However, choosing the appropriate wireless technology is crucial, as it directly affects both the capabilities as well as the deployment and operational cost of an IoT system. Consequently, new approaches to the design and evaluation of IoT systems are developing, which emphasize that an IoT system must not only be technically sound, but also financially sustainable and have the highest market adoption prospects [8; 9]. IoT wireless communications support a wide range of bandwidths and data rates, from Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) and Narrow Band (NB) communications, such as SigFox, NB-IoT and LTE-M (Long Term Evolution for Machines), to wideband cellular communication systems, such as LTE-Advanced [10; 11], up to ultra-wideband 5G [12]. The new wave of wireless communication technologies for the development of future IoT systems includes research performed on 6G wireless networks [13] and their accompanying technological trends. Although Sigfox, LoRa, NB-IoT, and LTE-M are low-power narrowband communication networks that are, more or less, tailored to the needs of current smart agricultural deployments where the amount of gathered field data is relatively low, they will face challenges in meeting the extensive requirements of future IoT applications in the coming decade. Therefore, in this study, we aim to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of existing research and to analyze possible research directions. 6G wireless networks are expected to be a significant enabler of future smart IoT applications by integrating the entire system's functionality, including sensing, data computation, and transmission, as well as fully automated control, and providing four-dimensional coverage [14]. In addition, 6G networks are expected to have improved coverage and enhanced adaptability compared to their predecessor (5G), resulting in better IoT connectivity and, consequently, optimal service delivery [15]. Consequently, it is anticipated that 6G communications will serve as a new architectural foundation for the implementation of a wide range of novel IoT applications [16]. In a nutshell, the following are the primary scientific contributions of this study: first, we introduce the Agriculture 5.0 research field, which is an improved version of current precision agriculture. By applying and embracing existing precision agriculture concepts and combining them with emerging technologies such as quantum sensing, robotics, advanced wireless network coverage, and artificial intelligence (AI), we demonstrate that new research opportunities can emerge that can significantly expand this research field.