# A Web of Things-Based Emerging Sensor Network Architecture for Smart Control Systems
## 1 Introduction
It collaborates with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) as the application layer protocol. Consequent to the reuse of HTTP, smart things become capable of acting like any other resource on the Web. The smart objects exchange HTTP requests and responses in order to communicate with other components connected to the Web. In fact, WoT operates on the application level of the Open System Interconnection model dealing with applications, services, and data, while offering a high level of abstraction [11]. Thus, WoT-ESN is able to connect various data and services despite differences in the actual transport protocols. The abstraction of lower level protocols is advantageous in various aspects. The Web acts as the common platform for applications throughout the Internet. Similarly, WoT-ESN acts as the universal sensor platform, which facilitates interaction among heterogeneous sensor devices. Moreover, the abstraction hides the numerous transport protocols that are utilized at lower levels. Accordingly, the applications at hand can receive more attention from the developers instead of panicking over the underlying protocols of the devices to be integrated. The WoT architecture assures the complete integration into the Web as of all the devices follow the same Web standards. Thereupon, the embedded devices can use a Web API to communicate with each other. In the proposed WoT-ESN scheme, we have specifically selected RESTful Web APIs. REST identifies services on the Web using Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) using HTTP as the application protocol. Upon getting a URI, each device and service can be exchanged, referenced on websites, and can be bookmarked [3]. In other words, smart things are explored simply via Web browsing. A browser can control the functionalities of a smart thing by acting as a mediator between the actual physical object and the user. Moreover, the developers can apply Web languages, tools, and technologies to develop the applications needed to control the sensors attached to various things. In addition, the proposed WoT-ESN architecture benefits smart things by facilitating caching, indexing, searching, locating, and load balancing. The Web has transformed the nature of computing throughout for the past few decades. Similarly, IoT technologies are changing with the notion of WoT. The emergence of WoT has divided the research focus of experts into many fields. The Web is expected to be filled with real-time data and services from the real world along with the expansion of WoT. The real-world devices and sensors generate a massive amount of real-time information compared to the Static Page Web. Since the WoT consists of real world devices, it is highly dynamic and frequently changes in status in accordance with the connected devices. Thus, the WoT search engines should discover real-time data and services efficiently. In [12], a discovery service was proposed using RESTful interfaces [13]. In addition, the optimization of IPv6 based 6 LoWPAN protocol has become popular among the research community. The concern about studying smart things has pioneered the study of WoT applications. Consequently, current research is focused on WoT applications for eHealth, smart homes, and sustainable environments [14]. Home automation is widely used for central controlling of lighting, heating, ventilation and air conditioning appliances (HVAC) and security locks. Due to the heterogeneity of devices, providing a common platform for the smart home devices has been a challenging task. However, the concept of integrating smart things into the Web is driving towards a promising future, which can overcome the difficulties of heterogeneity. The smart home devices can be exposed to the users via the Web with the aid of the WoT, thereby enhancing the availability of smart home services, while complying with the needed dynamicity. Therefore, a smart home architecture integrated with WoT mitigates the effects of heterogeneity and provides access to real-time data and services over the Web.