## 2 Materials and Methods
The study was conducted to analyze surface temperatures, heat fluxes, external weather data (outdoor air temperature, outdoor relative humidity, and global solar radiation on a horizontal plane), indoor air temperature, and relative humidity;
* Dynamic simulations of the mockup through the TRNSYS software, in order to test its efficiency with high thermal mass and insulated walls. The experimental campaign required a preliminary plan of technical equipment needed for monitoring. The mockup is located in an isolated area without connection to the electricity distribution network, therefore the power supply for monitoring stations were obtained through a photovoltaic panel coupled with a storage battery. The components of the electrical system were:  
* Photovoltaic panel;
* Storage battery;
* PWM solar charge controller;
* Step-up DC / DC converter with a 4-30V output. The scope of the present study is to investigate the thermal behavior of two different insulated building envelopes through the analysis of experimental data collected, i.e., weather conditions, indoor hygothermal conditions, and envelope performances (surface temperatures and heat fluxes). Measurements, sensor types, and their position are presented in Table 4.  
The analysis required the following data recordings:  
* Weather conditions (air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, speed wind, rainfall) using a weather station (Davis Vantage Pro 2);
* Indoor microclimate conditions (air temperature and relative humidity) using a second weather station. An additional probe, i.e., a platinum resistor (Pt100), was positioned in center of the room to check the indoor air temperature;
* Surface temperatures of different layers of the building envelope using flat thermistors (Pt100);
* Incoming and outgoing heat fluxes through the external building envelope using a heat fluxmeter. Data were stored with a data logger (data Taker DT500), which collected output of the probes with a 5 min rate. Summarizing, data recording required the following sensors (see Figures 1 and 2):  
* 1 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the external surface of Wall 1;
* 1 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the external surface of Wall 2; \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Measure** & **Sensor Type** & **Position** & **Accuracy** & **Range** \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{_Weather conditions_} \\ Air temperature & Thermo hygrometer & Weather station & \(\pm 0.5\,^{\circ}\)C & \(-40\) to \(65\,^{\circ}\)C \\ Relative humidity & Thermo hygrometer & Weather station & \(\pm 3\%\) & \(0\%\) to \(100\%\) \\ Wind speed & Anemometer & Weather station & \(\pm 0.5\,\mathrm{ms}^{-1}\) & \(1.5\) to \(79\,\mathrm{ms}^{-1}\) \\ Solar radiation & Radiometer & Weather station & \(<\)\(5\%\) & \(0\) to \(1800\) W m\({}^{-2}\) \\ \multicolumn{5}{c}{_Indoor climatic conditions_} \\ Thermo & Weather station/centre & \(\pm 0.5\,^{\circ}\)C & \(0\) to \(60\,^{\circ}\)C \\ Air temperature & hygrometer/Platinum & Weather station/centre & \(\pm 0.5\,^{\circ}\)C & \(-200\) to \(850\,^{\circ}\)C \\ resistor & & of cube & \(\pm 0.05\,^{\circ}\)C & \(-200\) to \(850\,^{\circ}\)C \\ Relative humidity & Thermo hygrometer & Weather station & \(\pm 5\%\) & \(10\%\) to \(90\%\) \\ \multicolumn{5}{c}{_Building envelope performance_} \\ Heat flow & Heatflux & Internal wall surface & \(\pm 3\%\) & \(\pm 2000\) W m\({}^{-2}\) \\ Surface temperature & Flat Thermistor & External, inside lining, internal surface & \(\pm 0.05\,^{\circ}\)C & \(-200\) to \(850\,^{\circ}\)C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Sensor details. * 3 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the surface between material Type 1 and Wall 0;
* 1 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the surface between material Type 2 and Wall 0;
* 1 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the internal surface of Wall 1;
* 1 flat thermoresistances Pt100 on the internal surface of Wall 2;
* 1 heat fluxmeter on the internal side of the wall.