# Technology Behavior Model--Beyond Your Sight with Extended Reality in Surgery
## 4 Data Analysis
### Statistical Analysis
#### 4.2.2 Assessing the Outer Measurement Model  
In more related research, reliability and validity tests are usually needed to evaluate external measurement patterns. Reliability means that the measured structural reliability is generally required to be greater than 0.7 [19]. It is determined by estimating the ROH A value. It can be seen from Table 4 that the ROH A of all studies is greater than 0.9, far exceeding the standard threshold. It can be seen that the data in this study has high reliability. In terms of validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity tests are used. Convergent validity refers to the degree of correlation between items within the same concept. Discriminative validity refers to the degree of difference between items in different concepts. When calculating the convergence validity, the variable factor load exceeds 0.7 [43], and the average variance extraction (AVE) of the convergence validity testing standard exceeds the 0.5 thresholds [44]. The comprehensive reliability of Table 4 is greater than 0.9, and the average AVE is greater than 0.85. In the calculation of discriminant validity (DV), the Hetero-Trait-Mono-Trait (HTMT) correlation ratio is usually used to \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Latent Construct**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Indicators**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Substanative**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Substanial** \\ **Factor Loading** \\ **(Ra)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Method Factor** \\ **(Ra\({}^{2}\))** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Method Variance** \\ **Loading (Rb)** \\ \end{tabular} } \\  & & & & & **(Rb\({}^{2}\))** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{ITASG} & ITASG1 & 0.89 & 0.7921 & \(-\)0.059 & 0.003 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & ITASG2 & 0.938 & 0.879844 & \(-\)0.075 & 0.005625 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & ITASG3 & 0.935 & 0.874225 & 0.05 & 0.0025 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{ID} & ID1 & 0.928 & 0.861184 & 0.025 & 0.000625 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & ID2 & 0.918 & 0.842724 & \(-\)0.112 & 0.012544 *** \\  & ID3 & 0.932 & 0.868624 & 0.109 & 0.011881 *** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{IM} & IM1 & 0.9 & 0.81 & \(-\)0.002 & 0.000004 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & IM2 & 0.941 & 0.885481 & 0.054 & 0.002916 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & IM3 & 0.91 & 0.8281 & 0.093 & 0.008649 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{ON} & ON1 & 0.935 & 0.874225 & \(-\)0.148 & 0.021904 *** \\  & ON2 & 0.946 & 0.894916 & 0.06 & 0.0036 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & ON3 & 0.925 & 0.855625 & 0.026 & 0.000676 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{XREU} & XREU1 & 0.9 & 0.81 & \(-\)0.128 & 0.016384 *** \\  & XREU2 & 0.917 & 0.840889 & 0.069 & 0.004761 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & XREU3 & 0.943 & 0.889249 & 0.032 & 0.001024 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{XRU} & XRU1 & 0.926 & 0.857476 & \(-\)0.055 & 0.003025 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & XRU2 & 0.929 & 0.863041 & 0.24 & 0.0576 * \\  & XRU3 & 0.895 & 0.801025 & \(-\)0.189 & 0.035721 ** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{UP} & UP1 & 0.928 & 0.861184 & \(-\)0.002 & 0.000004 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & UP2 & 0.925 & 0.855625 & \(-\)0.031 & 0.000961 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\  & UP3 & 0.903 & 0.815409 & 0.032 & 0.001024 \({}^{\text{NS}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Notes: ITASG = Intention to Adopt Smart Glasses; ID = Interaction Design; IM = Image Modeling; ON = Operation \\ \end{tabular} } \\  & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & XREU = Extended Reality Ease of Use; XRU = Extended Reality Usefulness; UP = Usage Perspicity. b. ***\(p<0.001;\)**\(p<0.01;\)**\(p<0.05,\)\({}^{\text{NS}}\) insignificant. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Common method Factor. evaluate discriminant validity with a standard value of HTMT < 0.85. The HTMT for each loading factor in Table 5 is all combined standard value. The HTMT in Table 6 inferred that combined with 5000 samples, the deviation correction, and acceleration (BCa) were all within the normal range.