## 1 Introduction  
Shallow coal seams are common in western China, and thick coal seams are rich in reserves. Large mining height has become the main mining technology for such coal seams. However, with the increase in mining height, support resistance increases, the coal wall's spalling becomes more and more serious, and the strata's control faces new challenges [1]. Stope support is the main means of roof control. The support resistance parameters of the support are divided into initial support force and rated working resistance. Determining reasonable support resistance is an important basis for support selection. The roof structure of shallow buried large mining height working faces has a new form, and the size of support resistance is related to the roof structure and the support mode. According to the relevant statistical data, the incidence of support surrounding rock accidents in large mining height comprehensive coal mining faces is several times that of general comprehensive coal mining faces [2]. The prevention and control of coal wall spalling has become an important issue in the development of technology. Only by mastering its causes can the advantages of this technology be better brought into play. [PERSON] et al. [3] used the compression bar theory to analyze the deflection characteristics of the coal wall with good integrity, and they obtained the position where the coal wall is prone to spalling in the middle and upper part of the coal wall. [PERSON] et al. [4] analyzed the influence of mining height and the position of the support guard plate on the roof caving step, shape, and coal wall failure depth and established the mechanical model of coal wall sliding failure. [PERSON] [5] studied the characteristics of coal wall spalling in fully mechanized mining faces with large mining heights. [PERSON] [6] and [PERSON] [7] studied the mechanism and control technology of coal wall spalling and roof falls in fully mechanized mining faces with large mining heights. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [8] studied the mechanism of face instability and associated spalling. The critical strain limit of face instability was proposed. Design criteria were proposed for the three-dimensional quantification of face spalling. Pertinent rock mechanic indicators of face spalling were comprehensively discussed. [PERSON] [9] systematically studied the stability control mechanism of support-surrounding rocks in fully mechanized mining faces with large mining heights. [PERSON] [10] and [PERSON] [11] studied the determination of support resistance controlled by the roof and the coal wall. [PERSON] et al. [12] studied coal wall bursting under longwall mining due to undercutting under sheet-roofing. [PERSON] et al. [13] treat rock properties as spatially correlated random variables to enhance the accuracy of rock strength assessments and to improve the safety of mining operations through a robust stochastic modeling approach. [PERSON] et al. [14], aiming at the problems of roof falls and gangue leakage in working faces caused by surrounding rock failure in close-distance coal seam mining, theoretically analyzed the influence of mining height and the stress concentration coefficient on floor failure depth. [PERSON] et al. [15] divided the shallow coal seam group into a single key stratum and a double key stratum. The roof structure model of lower coal seam mining was established, and the calculation method of support resistance of the working face was given. However, the calculation of support resistance in working faces will be affected by many factors and complex geological environments. The above scholars have not combined rib spalling, the immediate roof structure, and the key stratum structure for macro analysis. In this paper, the support resistance of shallow buried large mining height overburdened structures based on rib spalling is further studied. The damage process of the coal body shows typical progressive characteristics.