## 5 Test Experiments of Benchmark Function Sets
### Results on 30D Functions
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F1**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F2**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F3**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} \\ \hline
**GLLCSA** & \(1.238849\times 10^{6}\) & \(6.536334\times 10^{5}\) & \(8.409119\times 10^{3}\) & \(7.920252\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.205022\times 10^{2}\) & \(1.699287\times 10^{1}\) \\
**RCBA** & \(1.322760\times 10^{6}\) & \(4.175292\times 10^{5}\) & \(2.985654\times 10^{4}\) & \(1.303570\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.281185\times 10^{2}\) & \(1.067689\times 10^{1}\) \\
**CBA** & \(4.274593\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.314117\times 10^{6}\) & \(9.365674\times 10^{3}\) & \(8.092198\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.450858\times 10^{3}\) & \(5.531420\times 10^{3}\) \\
**CGPSO** & \(9.372242\times 10^{6}\) & \(2.63222\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.568360\times 10^{6}\) & \(2.017935\times 10^{7}\) & \(2.202444\times 10^{5}\) & \(5.13707\times 10^{2}\) \\
**IGWO** & \(1.756705\times 10^{7}\) & \(7.287333\times 10^{6}\) & \(2.995857\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.829308\times 10^{6}\) & \(6.274603\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.779400\times 10^{3}\) \\
**OBLGWO** & \(1.631687\times 10^{7}\) & \(7.688354\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.592044\times 10^{7}\) & \(1.091297\times 10^{2}\) & \(9.317280\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.669594\times 10^{3}\) \\
**CESCA** & \(1.284071\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.868641\times 10^{6}\) & \(7.707841\times 10^{6}\) & \(3.975981\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.014742\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.30810\times 10^{4}\) \\
**GWO** & \(7.610769\times 10^{7}\) & \(4.542244\times 10^{7}\) & \(2.028592\times 10^{9}\) & \(2.0859839\times 10^{9}\) & \(2.989339\times 10^{4}\) & \(9.196130\times 10^{4}\) \\
**MFO** & \(9.988797\times 10^{7}\) & \(1.240090\times 10^{8}\) & \(1.467643\times 10^{4}\) & \(1.151737\times 10^{10}\) & \(1.061701\times 10^{5}\) & \(5.512228\times 10^{4}\) \\
**PSO** & \(8.718676\times 10^{6}\) & \(2.411178\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.4698656\times 10^{6}\) & \(1.941929\times 10^{7}\) & \(9.769192\times 10^{2}\) & \(1.039244\times 10^{2}\) \\
**SCA** & \(2.405193\times 10^{6}\) & \(7.441471\times 10^{7}\) & \(1.6570761\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.644848\times 10^{7}\) & \(3.7787071\times 10^{4}\) & \(9.992623\times 10^{3}\) \\
**BA** & \(8.2488853\times 10^{5}\) & \(3.347618\times 10^{5}\) & \(5.541545\times 10^{5}\) & \(2.912975\times 10^{5}\) & \(5.419018\times 10^{2}\) & \(3.886761\times 10^{2}\) \\ \hline
**F4** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F5**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F6**} \\ \hline
**AVG** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} \\ \hline
**GLLCSA** & \(5.169901\times 10^{2}\) & \(3.860454\times 10^{4}\) & \(5.19997\times 10^{2}\) & \(4.72152\times 10^{-4}\) & \(6.72897\times 10^{2}\) & \(3.332504\times 10^{9}\) \\
**RCBA** & \(4.767711\times 10^{2}\) & \(2.908748\times 10^{3}\) & \(5.200835\times 10^{2}\) & \(7.971845\times 10^{-2}\) & \(6.378213\times 10^{  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F13**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F14**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F15**} \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} \\ \hline
**GLLCSA** & \(1.300472\times 10^{3}\) & \(9.313515\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.400288\times 10^{3}\) & \(9.356412\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.517640\times 10^{3}\) & \(5.369255\times 10^{9}\) \\
**RCEB** & \(1.300516\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.25825\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.400301\times 10^{3}\) & \(9.462535\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.530585\times 10^{3}\) & \(7.526856\times 10^{9}\) \\
**CSA** & \(1.300500\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.300693\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.400337\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.336849\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.56395\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.637156\times 10^{1}\) \\
**CCFSO** & \(1.300397\times 10^{3}\) & \(8.786822\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.400265\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.205785\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.517966\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.308620\times 10^{9}\) \\
**IGWO** & \(1.300567\times 10^{3}\) & \(9.289856\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.4003098\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.718569\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.517348\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.795016\times 10^{9}\) \\
**ORIGWO** & \(1.300547\times 10^{3}\) & \(9.772262\times 10^{-2}\) & \(1.400399\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.8333159\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.517498\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.483673\times 10^{9}\) \\
**CESCA** & \(1.308031\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.4006350\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.651215\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.082849\times 10^{1}\) & \(4.1856576\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.487072\times 10^{5}\) \\
**GWO** & \(1.300518\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.894268\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.402728\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.920171\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.629333\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.774340\times 10^{2}\) \\
**MFO** & \(1.3021183\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.252521\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.428573\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.070373\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.654842\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.135423\times 10^{2}\) \\
**PSO** & \(1.300356\times 10^{3}\) & \(6.946997\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.400291\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.227070\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.516541\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.248870\times 10^{9}\) \\
**SCA** & \(1.302885\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.565020\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.443320\times 10^{3}\) & \(8.453708\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.119474\times 10^{3}\) & \(2.407495\times 10^{9}\) \\
**BA** & \(1.300512\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.304709\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.403322\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.697501\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.527377\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.307567\times 10^{9}\) \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F16**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F17**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**F18**} \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AVG**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**STD**} \\ \hline
**GLLCSA** & \(1.612099\times 10^{3}\) & \(3.725020\times 10^{-1}\) & \(2.433799\times 10^{4}\) & \(1.713144\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.336244\times 10^{3}\) & \(1.560479\times 10^{3}\) \\
**RCEB** & \(1.613338\times 10^{3}\) & \(4.361413\times 10^{-1}\) & \(1.412722\times 10^{3}\) & \(8.468928\times 10^{4}\) & \(3.868615\times 10^{3}\) & \(8.93  
Figure 3: Convergence curves of 9 selected benchmark functions.