esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 2 Related Works
### Study of the State-of-the-Art
To accomplish this goal, a multi-channel camera system (Condor-1000 MS5 5 CCD) was mounted as a peripheral in the CAMCOPTER S-100 UAV. It was explained how one of the main interests in obtaining images of multi-spectral nature was the calculation of indexes, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which could be covered with ease by means of the four detectors that the camera had installed. Overall, although the precision and data obtained from this UAV were remarkable, they are outside of the scope where our solution takes place. In [21], [PERSON] et al. put forward a UAV-based methodology to measure tree height for intensive forest monitoring, which is a major parameter to learn regarding tree growth, volume and biomass. Permanent Ground Control Points (GCPs) were set and measured with a Total Station, as UAV navigation with GNSS was likely to be ineffective in the environment of dense, high vegetation. Once data was collected, it was stored for later image indirect georeferencing and image pre-processing. In this case, the UAV-based tool used an \"OctoXL 6S12 Octocopter mounted with a fixed lens Sony A7r RGB camera\". The camera itself had a 35 mm fixed lens manually focused at a hyper focal distance and was permanently fixed so as to avoid variations in focal length. The results showed that this was yet another application domain where UAVs could be used to obtain reliable information, even though its purpose was different from the one put forward in our paper.
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Characteristic of GE-EP@OIMs
#### 3.1.4 Mechanical Properties of GE-EP@OIMs  
Figure 7 presents the stress-strain curve, tensile strength, and breaking elongation of GE-EP and the solid corrosion inhibitor GE-EP@OIMs. The rate of growth in mechanical properties holds paramount significance for solid corrosion inhibitors, as it enables them to endure stresses, preclude the formation of microcracks, and guarantee durable and long-term protection within harsh and pressurized environments. In the absence of an adequate growth rate of mechanical properties, the performance and service life of the inhibitors are substantially impaired when subjected to pressurized and flowing corrosive media. These mechanical properties play a crucial role in averting the occurrence of slow corrosion damage, which, if left unchecked, would otherwise curtail the effective protection period. GE-EP demonstrates remarkably favorable mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of approximately 30.43 MPa.  
Subsequent to the loading of the OIM corrosion inhibitor, the tensile strength of the solid corrosion inhibitor GE-EP@OIMs undergoes a significant reduction, attaining a value of approximately 6.60 MPa. The incorporation of OIMs leads to a diminution in the content of adhesives and curing agents, thereby giving rise to a decrease in the number of cross-linked polymer molecular chains. This, in turn, accounts for the observed decline in tensile strength. The breaking elongations of GE-EP and GE-EP@OIMs are measured as 1.34 mm and 1.07 mm, respectively. The similarity in the fracture elongation of GE-EP before and after the loading of the OIM corrosion inhibitor can likely be ascribed to the inherent characteristics of the solid corrosion inhibitor. The presence of the introduced weighting agent, BaSO4, is potentially correlated with this phenomenon. Although the mechanical strength of the solid corrosion inhibitor is inferior to that of GE-EP, it nevertheless satisfies the requisite fluidity criteria for medium- to long-term applications. This assertion is substantiated by the morphological characteristics of GE-EP@OIMs following long-term immersion.
## 6 Production of WMA in Plant, and Evaluation in Laboratory  
In accord with the previous findings, it was observed that the use of 0.05% additive (A2) could lead to appropriate mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures (with adequate workability, bearing capacity, and higher resistance to water action and to permanent deformations than the other dosage analysed) in comparison with HMA. In addition, it appears that the manufacturing temperature (ranging between 120-145 \({}^{\circ}\)C) has a relatively lower impact on WMA performance. Therefore, in order to analyse the performance of WMA in the field, an asphalt mixture manufactured at 130 \({}^{\circ}\)C including 0.05% of Additive type 2 was produced in a conventional discontinuous plant in order to study its reproducibility without the need to modify plant equipment, evaluating its mechanical performance in reference to HMA manufactured in the same plant at around 165 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
As shown in Figure 9A, firstly the additive was mixed directly with the hot bitumen (around 160 \({}^{\circ}\)C) for 20 min using a blender in order to obtain a homogenous mix of additive and bitumen. After this, the modified bitumen was mixed with warm aggregates (at 130 \({}^{\circ}\)C as shown in Figure 9B), applying a similar mixing time to that used for HMA before starting the spreading and compaction process.  
To determine the abilities of WMA manufactured in a conventional discontinuous plant, Table 4 shows the mechanical performance of both WMA and HMA during the spreading process (Figure 9C,D). The results indicate that despite a slight reduction in density of the WMA, both asphalt mixtures showed comparable density and air void content, implying the workability and compatibility of WMA. In addition, these values were quite similar to those measured for the mixtures manufactured in laboratory, which indicates good reproducibility of the WMA in a real asphalt plant.  
Regarding the mechanical response of the mixtures, Table 4 shows that the WMA presented an even higher indirect tensile strength ratio under the water action while the tensile strength was quite similar to that measured for the conventional HMA. This could be associated with appropriate coating of aggregates in the WMA despite the decrease in manufacturing temperature, obtaining a good cohesiveness of the mixture as a result of using the chemical additive. Nonetheless, it is important to note that a slight reduction in stiffness and resistance to plastic deformations was recorded for the WMA in reference to the conventional HMA. This effect could be due to lower ageing of the bitumen  
Figure 8: Effect of additive quantity and manufacturing temperature on the resistance to plastic deformations of WMA.  
during the manufacturing process, and therefore less stiffening of the asphalt mixture was observed, which is in accord with other studies [14; 19].
## 3 Non-Thermal Technologies in Food Processing
### Ozonation
#### 3.3.1 Application of Ozone in Fruits and Vegetables  
The application of ozone to fruits and vegetables focuses mainly on their preservation in combination with their microbiological safety, mycotoxins, and chemical residues. Many researchers have widely studied its use in a variety of fruits and vegetables, and what can basically emerge from their studies is that the effectiveness of using ozone in these food categories is achieved by applying a relatively low concentration of ozone in combination with short exposure time. Regarding their maintenance, it is very well established that ozone is extremely effective in controlling ethylene in storage areas. Although most research highlights the beneficial effects of ozone, there are several research papers that also report adverse effects on quality characteristics that vary from product to product. For example, the degradation of anthocyanin and the color of many fruits has been reported in fruits and juices derived from strawberries and blackberries [161; 164], which is caused by the oxidizing power of this triatomic molecule, which reacts and degrades certain organic compounds [159]. For the production of fruits and vegetables, several pesticides are used, such as insecticides and fungicides in order to prevent infestations by insects and fungi. This use carries the risk of the presence of serious residues in fruits and vegetables. The combination of ozone use and ultrasound treatments has been shown to be effective against both pathogens. E. coli, Salmonella, and Listeria, as well as pesticides including thiamethoxam, imidaloprid, and acetamiprid, have been detected in freshly harvested spinach [167]. Application for 5 min was sufficient to extend the shelf life of minimally treated pepper for 14 days, which was packaged in polypropylene bags and stored at temperature 5 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C and RH 85% \(\pm\) 5 % [168].
## 4 Analysis of the Dynamic Performance of 66 kV Test System
### Three-Phase Line to Ground Fault  
A three-phase line to ground fault is applied at 0.5 s with a fault clearing time of 140 ms. The voltage and frequency responses are plotted for a shorter period (0.3 s to 1.3 s) to have a clearer view of the signals during the occurrence of an event. In the pre-fault condition, the voltage is stabilized at nearly 1.04 p.u., as seen in Figure 6. The frequency at the PCC computed by the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) is set to 50 Hz, and is shown in Figure 7. The OWF is generating nearly rated active power, that is, active current of nearly 1 p.u. is provided by the GSC, as depicted by the green line in Figure 8. There is no reactive current or reactive power injection by the GSC during this time, as seen from the purple line in Figure 8.  
During the time of the fault, the voltage drops at PCC as expected for a three-phase line to ground fault. There is no significant drop in frequency since there are no loads connected to the OWF. Hence the frequency control does not get activated since deviation remains within 49.8 Hz and 50.2 Hz. DVC allows reactive current and hence reactive power to be injected by GSC during the time of fault to support the voltage, as shown in Figure 8. The corresponding behaviour is a major requirement as per the grid codes during dynamic conditions, as mentioned in Reference [23]. At the same time, the active current and thus active power is limited, and hence there is no generation from the OWF (Figure 8). As the active power output from GSC reduces, the voltage across DC link increases in order to maintain the power balance. The chopper gets activated when DC voltage goes beyond a particular limit in order to protect the DC link from overvoltage. After the fault is cleared, the DVC allows for quick recovery, the voltage and powers return to the pre-fault values.  
The spike in voltage, frequency and currents after the fault is released at 0.64 s is due to the fast dynamics of DVC. Another important observation is the transients in the currents during the time of fault at 0.5 s in Figure 8. These are due to the dynamic effects that arise due to the exclusion of an integrator [9]. It can be controlled by proper tuning of washout filters.  
Figure 6: Voltage at Point of Common Coupling (PCC) following a three phase fault in the middle of the cable.
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Numerical Study
#### 2.3.3 Seismic Intensities  
Intensities are defined by the value of spectral acceleration at the first mode period and 5% damping \(S_{a}\) (\(T_{1}\),5%), a common intensity measure hereby referred to as \(S_{a1}\). Use of 5% damping allows for a direct relationship to code-defined spectral values with no intervention of damping correction factors and is consistent with the Ground Motion Set pre-scaling procedure adopted. The design intensity level for the frames was fixed at \(S_{a1,D}\) = 0.22 g, corresponding to a Eurocode 8-defined 5% elastic spectrum anchored at \(PHA_{D}\) = 0.36 g. The intensity level was fixed so that the maximum interstorey drift ratio for GMS ESB was approximately 2%. According to Eurocode 8 [43] (section 4.4.3.2), this condition implies an interstorey drift ratio of 1% (importance class II) to 0.8% (importance classes III or IV) in the damage limitation check, which for these frames happens to be a more severe check than frame strength. This situation is usual for MRFs. The inclusion of ADSs is targeted at performance enhancement, measured as reduction of interstorey drift ratio. The design intensity level is referred to with the letter 'D' (from design) and it is assumed to correspond to a return period of 475 years. Besides the design level, two additional intensity levels are defined, namely, one for which the frames with added damping remain totally elastic (\(S_{a1,E}\), referred to with letter 'E', from elastic) and a rare earthquake level (\(S_{a1,C}\), referred to with letter 'C', from near collapse) taken as 1.5-\(S_{a1,D}\), in accordance with the relationship between design and maximum considered earthquake spectra established in ASCE/SEI 7-16 [31] (section 11.4.7). These two levels are assumed to correspond roughly to return periods of less than 95 years and about 2475 years. The analysis for GMS ESB is conducted by scaling at these three levels. For GMS EUK, the analysis is performed at 20 equally spaced intensity levels; the peak intensity was \(S_{a1,\text{max}}\) = 0.55 g, corresponding to the Eurocode 8 5% elastic spectrum anchored at \(PHA\) = 1.08 g.
# The Potential of _Phaeodactylum_ as a Natural Source of Antioxidants for Fish Oil Stabilization
## 4 Conclusions  
In conclusion, it can be stated that _Phaeodactylum_ biomass (2.5% (\(w/w\))) was not capable of inhibiting n-3 LC-PUFA oxidation in fish oil since the progression of both primary and secondary oxidation products showed strong lipid oxidation with and without biomass addition. _Phaeodactylum_ carotenoids were, however, shown to be present in the fish oil phase after mixing, but these did not suffice to induce oxidative stability since, also, apart from their presence, their relative amounts as compared to the n-3 LC-PUFA content were of importance. This was clearly shown in the second experimental set-up in which the oxidative stability of _Phaeodactylum_ total lipid extract and fish oil was followed after being mixed in different proportions, leading to different carotenoid to n-3 LC-PUFA ratios. Systems with a fucoxanthin/n-3 LC-PUFA ratio \(\geq\) 0.101 were associated with oxidative stability, whereas systems with a ratio \(\leq\) 0.0078 showed extreme lipid oxidation. Apart from explaining the absence of oxidation inhibition in the case of 2.5% (\(w/w\)) _Phaeodactylum_ biomass addition, this also showed that tenfold bigger amounts of biomass (whether practically feasible or not) would not be capable of obtaining this. Investigating how generalizable these findings are for other fucoxanthin-rich microalgal species (with a focus on the importance of this ratio) would be an interesting question for further research.  
**Supplementary Materials:** The following supporting information can be downloaded at: [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/foods11101461/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/foods11101461/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/foods11101461/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/foods11101461/s1)), Tables S1-S4: Information regarding statistical significance supplementary to Figures 2-5.  
**Author Contributions:** All authors contributed substantially to the work reported. Conceptualization, R.D., L.G., A.V.L. and I.F.; Data curation, R.D. and S.V.B.; Formal analysis, R.D. and S.V.B.; Funding acquisition, R.D., A.V.L. and I.F.; Investigation, R.D. and S.V.B.; Methodology, R.D.; Project administration, R.D., A.V.L. and I.F.; Supervision, A.V.L. and I.F.; Visualization, R.D.; Writing-original draft, R.D.; Writing-review and editing, L.G., A.V.L. and I.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO Aspirant PhD fellowship R.D.).  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors thank INVE (Baasrode, Belgium) for donating the fish oil.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
## 3 Spectral Calculation and Experimental Demonstration
As can be figured out from the figure, \(\lambda_{0}\) and \(\psi\) have a highly linear relationship. From this linear fit, the adjusted \(R^{2}\) value was evaluated as \(\sim\)0.99723. It was also found that any desirable \(\psi\) values between 0\({}^{\circ}\) and 360\({}^{\circ}\), in addition to integer multiples of 45\({}^{\circ}\), could be obtained by choosing appropriate FAOA's. Thus, it is experimentally confirmed that the narrowband transmission spectrum can be continuously wavelength-tuned by elaborately adjusting FAOA sets of (\(\theta_{Q1}\), \(\theta_{H1}\), \(\theta_{H2}\), \(\theta_{Q2}\)). Figure 6b shows two \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Set**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**FAOA’s**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & \(\mathbf{\theta_{Q1}}\) & \(\mathbf{\theta_{H1}}\) & \(\mathbf{\theta_{H2}}\) & \(\mathbf{\theta_{Q2}}\) \\ \hline I & 94\({}^{\circ}\) & 56\({}^{\circ}\) & 22\({}^{\circ}\) & 62\({}^{\circ}\) \\ II & 112\({}^{\circ}\) & 58\({}^{\circ}\) & 28\({}^{\circ}\) & 72\({}^{\circ}\) \\ III & 120\({}^{\circ}\) & 72\({}^{\circ}\) & 36\({}^{\circ}\) & 80\({}^{\circ}\) \\ IV & 140\({}^{\circ}\) & 80\({}^{\circ}\) & 50\({}^{\circ}\) & 84\({}^{\circ}\) \\ V & 178\({}^{\circ}\) & 60\({}^{\circ}\) & 46\({}^{\circ}\) & 80\({}^{\circ}\) \\ VI & 36\({}^{\circ}\) & 38\({}^{\circ}\) & 20\({}^{\circ}\) & 10\({}^{\circ}\) \\ VII & 60\({}^{\circ}\) & 56\({}^{\circ}\) & 26\({}^{\circ}\) & 44\({}^{\circ}\) \\ VIII & 80\({}^{\circ}\) & 68\({}^{\circ}\) & 30\({}^{\circ}\) & 62\({}^{\circ}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Eight selected sets of FAOA’s for wavelength tuning of the constructed filter. Figure 5: Narrowband transmission spectra, measured at the eight FAOA sets (sets I to VIII) shown in Table 1.  
superimposed plots of eight narrowband transmission spectra measured at the eight FAOA sets over a wavelength range from 1545 to 1555 nm; the upper plot displays four narrowband transmission spectra measured at the FAOA sets I, III, V, and VII, and the lower plot displays four narrowband transmission spectra measured at the FAOA sets II, IV, VI, and VIII. It is observed from the figure that the insertion losses are nearly even and the spectral flatness between transmission channels is less than 0.13 dB over the entire spectral range (10 nm). Moreover, the extinction ratio was measured to be more than 20 dB over the same wavelength range.
## 3 Image processing and evaluation
### Image tracking algorithm  
#### Image tracking function:  
Assume there are Mo and No numbers of ant images in the first and second frame of an ant image recording pair, and the image identification results for the two frames are represented as {X1,m, Y1,m, S1,m, B1,m, \(\Theta\)1,m, \(\Theta\)1,m, \(\theta\)1,m for m=1,2,3\(\cdots\),Mo} and {X2,n, Y2,n, S2,n, B2,n, \(\Theta\)2,n, \(\theta\)2,n for n=1,2,3\(\cdots\),No}, respectively. A tracking function is defined as below to quantify the likeness of two ant images.  
\[\begin{split} D\big{(}m,n\big{)}=&\ c_{s}\Bigg{[} \frac{S_{2,s}-S_{1,m}}{S_{1,m}}\Bigg{]}^{2}+c_{s}\Bigg{[}\frac{B_{2,s}-B_{1,m}} {B_{1,m}}\Bigg{]}^{2}+\\ &\ c_{\theta}\Bigg{[}\frac{\Theta_{2,s}-\Theta_{1,m}}{\Theta_{1, m}}\Bigg{]}^{2}+c_{\theta}\Bigg{[}\frac{\theta_{2,s}-\theta_{1,m}}{0.5\pi} \Bigg{]}^{2}\end{split} \tag{7}\]  
Wherein \(c_{s}\), \(c_{B}\), \(c_{\theta}\) and \(c_{\theta}\) are weighting coefficients, which are determined according to experience in previous tests. Tracking function _D(m, n)_ describes a sum square difference of weighted variation rates of image size, brightness, shape, and orientation angle between image \(m\) in the first frame and image \(n\) in the second frame. The orientation angle \(\theta\) may not be used in usual PIV for tracking spherical particles, e.g. [12], however, it may dominate the tracking because many ants have similar size and shape, and their images have the same brightness level.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \(n\) & \(X\) & \(Y\) & \(S\) & \(B\) & \(\Theta\) & \(\theta\) \\ \hline
1 & 30.33 & 4.33 & 15 & 170.1 & 1.86 & -1.27 \\ \hline
2 &
## 3 Results  
### Performance Comparison of CPU and GPU-Based AES Encryption  
In our experiments, we utilized raw binary data files without additional metadata or compression to accurately measure pure computational encryption throughput.  
Different file formats (e.g., compressed images, videos, and structured text) may influence actual encryption performance due to variable I/O overhead and preprocessing requirements, but these variations were deliberately excluded from this study to maintain a clear focus on computational speed comparisons. Figure 6 presents a comparison of encryption time across various CPUs (Intel 6-core, AMD 7-core, and Intel 12-core) and GPUs (GTX 1080 Ti, RTX 2080 Ti, and RTX 3080) for increasing file sizes ranging from 100 MB to 1200 MB. As shown, GPU-based encryption consistently outperforms CPU-based encryption, with encryption times remaining under 1 s even for the largest file sizes. This performance gain is attributed to the massive parallelism offered by GPUs, making them suitable for large-scale data encryption tasks.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  & **GTX 1080 Ti** & **RTX 2080 Ti** & **RTX 3080** \\ \hline Architecture & Pascal & Turing & Ampere \\ CUDACores & 3584 & 4352 & 8704 \\ Memory [GB] & 11 & 11 & 10 \\ MemoryBandwidth [GB/s] & 484 & 616 & 760 \\ Boost Clock Speed [MHz] & 1582 & 1545 & 1710 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Specifications of the GPUs (GeForce GTX 1080 Ti, RTX 2080 Ti, and RTX 3080).
# New Landslide Disaster Monitoring System: Case Study of Pingding Village
## 4 Discussion
Such stations play a role in recording data, storage, transmission, and display systems for monitoring landslides. The results of this research not only monitor the landslide in real-time, but also manage the space transformation conditions when disasters occur. The advantages of such a station are: (1) The station is equipped with advanced sensors and technologies; (2) provision of early warning information in real-time for residents who live in the area, as well as for managers who are in charge of this issue, by sending an SMS message to a mobile device; (3) a successful landslide monitoring station can support the monitoring network in Taiwan. The feasibility of monitoring collapses and displacements through GPS was proven by this study. In addition, with the precision of different monitoring devices, the judgment of the management benchmark values of collapse monitoring established by domestic and overseas documentations was found to be reasonable, according to the monitoring results. Further data concerning typhoons and torrential rainfall will be collected in the future to confirm or amend the management benchmark values. Finally, this study plays a vital role in the early warning system of landslides in Pingding, as highly effective monitoring can provide information on the current status that is not only applicable for weather forecasts, but also for disaster mitigation policy.