## 1 Introduction
Hemp inflorescest instillation of EO produces two by-products, namely, residual water and deterpenated plant material, which are currently under-studied. The aqueous residues could be rich in phenolic compounds and can be extracted with safe solvents, such as ethanol and water [21]. Hemp polyphenols are interesting biomolecules, able to reduce the progression of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, asthma, inflammatory conditions, tumors, and others [22]. Among cannabis-typical flavones, cannflavin A and B are particularly attractive compounds, with anti-inflammatory [23], antiparasitic [24], anticancer, and antiviral properties [25]. Flavonoids contribute to plant protection, especially from UV light, due to their antioxidant and radical scavenger activity. In fact, cannflavin A was detected at a high level in hemp varieties under the influence of strong solar radiation and cold temperatures [26]. The infloresances and, to a minor extent, the leaves can also be considered as good sources of cannabinoids, especially CBD. In hemp plant material, cannabinoids are mostly present in the acidic form, and the heating of biomass at temperatures near 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C induces the decarboxylation of these compounds. So, this material can be used after distillation for the extraction of CBD and other minor cannabinoids. Indeed, some authors recently affirmed that hemp deterpenated biomass should no longer be considered as a waste [27], since it represents a source of phytocannabinoids [28]. CBD is nowadays of great interest for several applications, and less investigated minor cannabinoids, such as cannabigerol (CBG), can be equally promising on a pharmaceutical level. Specific chemovars characterized by other cannabinoids represent a challenging research area and can be the source of new appealing products [29]. For example, the French cultivar Santhica, characterized by a significant CBG content, could be employed to develop new hemp strains as reservoirs of this cannabinoid [30]. Actually, CBD and CBG, used in combination, showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity [31], as well as antidiabetic and antimicrobial potential [32; 33]. In particular, CBG reduced cachexia caused by chemotherapy [34], and was found to be active against several tumoral cell lines, including glioblastoma [35]. In addition, CBG could be a candidate in therapy against inflammatory bowel disease [36]. Most of the published papers on _C. sativa_ are related to certified industrial hemp varieties or legal cannabis for recreational and therapeutic purposes, while studies on commercial cultivars of cannabis with low THC content are scarce. The crossbreeding of selective varieties with interesting terpenoids and phytocannabinoids profiles could allow obtaining new hemp breeding lines with diverse medicinal and pharmacological properties, and with potential industrial applications, such as antispecies and biopesticides [37]. On this basis, this work aims to carry out a complete phytochemical characterization of several commercial hemp strains, cultivated for research purposes and to produce craft beers. Our study explored the opportunity to obtain three high-value products from hydrodistillation of the hemp infloresances, namely, EO, residual water, and deterpenated plant material. The EO and residual water are sources of volatile terpen and polyphenols, respectively. Moreover, the strong heating during distillation may induce the decarboxylation of cannabinoids in the plant deterpenated material. In this study, nine different hemp commercial varieties have been used as training model plants to establish the value of this complete extraction process. This research also aimed at offering new opportunities to develop a smart extraction approach to valorize hemp by-products, supporting their further utilization in the pharmaceutical, nutraceuticaltical, cosmeceutical, and food sectors.