# Pure Electric Sweeper Performance Analysis and Test Verification of Dust Extraction Port
## 1 Introduction  
Purely electric sweepers are widely used in urban roads, airports, and scenic areas due to their advantages such as no emissions and ease of miniaturisation [1]. In recent years, with the rise of new energy vehicles and intelligent networked vehicles, driverless sweepers are expected to take the lead in commercial applications soon, due to their operating environments of specific scenarios or closed areas [2]. Therefore, the new development of the pure electric sweeper industry has put forward higher requirements for the performance of sweepers [3]. On the one hand, the sweeper's operating efficiency should be higher and it should be able to operate at high performance while unmanned or in a less crowded environment; on the other hand, the matching relationship between the operating parameters of the sweeper's sweeping systems should be clearer, providing a decision basis for the sweeper's unmanned operation. Researchers have carried out extensive research into the operational effectiveness of sweepers. The innovative design and optimisation of the dust suction opening structure of the sweeper can effectively improve the performance of the sweeper. [PERSON] et al. [4] proposed adding an air inlet channel behind the dust suction port to enhance the airflow's ability to carry particles, and demonstrated the feasibility of the improved model through experiments. [PERSON] et al. [5] used a multi-objective interval optimisation algorithm to optimise the structure of the dust suction port and obtained the optimal combination of parameters. The results showed that changing the parameters resulted in an improved outlet particle mass flow rate and reduced inlet and outlet pressure losses. With the popularity of computertechnology, the application of CFD technology and the use of simulation software for parametric analysis of the research object have gradually become a trend. [PERSON] et al. [6] used CFD to analyse the effect of parameters such as width and outlet diameter on the airflow velocity and pressure inside the suction port and to improve the original structure. [PERSON] et al. [7] also used CFD techniques to analyse the flow field of a traditional suction nozzle with a rectangular structure by varying the horizontal inclination of the side plate, the height of the rear baffle, the inclination of the rear plate, the lead angle of the side plate, the radius of the front plate and the diameter of the suction tube. The increase in the horizontal inclination of the side plate and the diameter of the suction pipe, the decrease in the plumb inclination of the side plate and the reduction in the height of the rear baffle all contribute to the overall improvement of the suction effect in terms of speed and pressure. [PERSON] et al. [8] found that operating parameters such as driving speed and negative pressure of the sweeper had a significant impact on the efficiency of dust extraction, and that the optimum operating parameters were obtained with a balance of high dust removal rates and low energy consumption. The optimal operating parameters were obtained with a balance of high dust removal rate and low energy consumption. In recent years, back-blowing air suction ports as well as rolled suction ports have appeared in the public eye. In the study of [PERSON] et al. [9; 10; 11; 12; 13], by analysing the structural parameters of the back-blowing suction nozzle and the back-blowing air volume, it was found that increasing the diameter and tilting angle of the nozzle could improve the removal efficiency, while the vehicle speed had a greater influence on the removal efficiency. [PERSON] et al. [14; 15] studied the structure of blowing and suction cleaning in the area between underground tracks and found that the width ratio and height ratio between the nozzle and suction nozzle directly affect the cleaning efficiency, while a nozzle and suction nozzle tilt angle of 20\({}^{\circ}\) achieve the best cleaning effect. The rolled suction port uses a tornado of dust generated by a specific device. [PERSON] et al.