# A Survey on Mission-Profile-Based Stress Testing of Electric Motor Drives
## 5 Conclusions
Mechanical stress is especially significant for electric motors, as constant changes in load and vibrations impact the motor's components, structure, and electrical performance. Environmental conditions, such as humidity and dust, also play a role in these stresses, which affect the overall reliability of the system. The analysis of mission-profile-based stress testing methods for both electric motors and power converters has demonstrated their importance in evaluating system performance. For motors, the focus has been on the aging of insulation due to electrical discharges and voltage fluctuations, using various speed and load profiles to replicate real operational conditions. In the case of power converters, temperature has emerged as the primary stressor, and testing procedures closely monitor junction temperatures and their impact on semiconductor degradation. In addition, the effects of switching frequencies and varying speed profiles on converter performance have been examined. Although these tests primarily address individual components, the findings highlight the need to adopt integrated testing approaches that evaluate the performance and longevity of the entire system. The paper also discusses methods to improve the reliability and lifespan of EMD components, including advanced ATC techniques aimed at reducing thermal stress and ensuring an even load distribution. Although these methods have been effective in reducing thermal stress, their impact on other drive characteristics has not been fully explored. In addition, approaches are also covered to predict or remove conditions that can lead to damage or failure of drive components. These methods mainly focus on reducing or completely eliminating stress factors. They show that managing stress factors can reduce component failure and improve the performance of the EMD system. However, their impact on other drive characteristics is limited, and further research is needed to optimize these methods and enhance system reliability. Future research can focus on further developing control algorithms to enhance the reliability and performance of electric drives. In addition, an important research direction involves developing load profiles for applications in the automotive industry, which allows more accurate assessments of operating conditions and optimization of control strategies. Furthermore, investigating methods to reduce the impact of power converters on the aging of motor insulation would help increase the longevity of the system and reduce maintenance costs. The research potential also lies in the development of simulation and emulation systems for drive testing, which would enable a more precise analysis of various stress factors under controlled conditions. By combining existing solutions with new approaches, it is possible to further improve the efficiency and reliability of electric drives, serving as a foundation for future research. Conceptualization, L.Z. ; methodology, L.Z. and T.B. ; validation, T.B. and M.B. ; formal analysis, L.Z. and G.K.; investigation, L.Z. ; resources, L.Z. and T.B. ; data curation, L.Z. and G.K.; writing--original draft preparation, L.Z. ; writing--review and editing, T.B., M.B. and G.K.; visualization, L.Z. ; supervision, T.B. ; project administration, M.B. ; funding acquisition, M.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This work is funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology, the Austrian Federal Ministry of Digital and Economic Affairs, and implemented by the Austria Wirtschaftsservice (aws) and the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) in the frame of the Important Project of Common European Interest (IPCE) on Microelectronics and Communication Technologies (ME/CT).