## 3 Methods
### Overview
Finally, although this study focuses on anomaly detection in PV microgrid communications, the principles and technical framework of the proposed method have broad applicability. Future research could explore its extension to other industrial fields, such as smart manufacturing and smart cities. Through continued research and improvement in these areas, the proposed method has the potential to provide a more comprehensive solution for the cybersecurity of distributed energy systems, advancing the intelligent development of smart grids and other complex systems. Conceptualization, L.D. and Z.L. ; methodology, L.D. ; software, L.D. ; validation, L.D., J.C. and H.C.; formal analysis, L.D. ; investigation, H.C.; resources, Z.L. ; data curation, J.C.; writing--original draft preparation, L.D. ; writing--review and editing, L.D. ; visualization, Z.L. ; supervision, Z.L. ; project administration, J.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research received no external funding. Not applicable. The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors on request. We would like to thank State Grid Henan Electric Power Company and State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute for their support of this research. Special thanks to State Grid Henan Electric Power Company for providing valuable data and technical support, and to State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute for their valuable advice and resources throughout the study. Author [PERSON] was employed by the company State Grid Henan Electric Power Company. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. ## References

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