## 1 Introduction
This load is the ideal intensity for enhancing speed, strength, and explosive power levels in boxing training [20]. For professional boxers, proper load use increases training efficiency and improves technical movement quality, leading to higher performance levels [21]. On the other hand, in sports that require speed, strength, and explosiveness, such as boxing, the effective execution of technical movements is based on the biomechanical and physiological demands specific to the sport. Training programs aimed at improving boxing performance should focus on strength development and increasing the speed and explosiveness of movements. In this context, bench press (BP) and glyometric training are critical in helping boxers develop strength and speed. Recent studies have examined the impact of bench press on boxing performance and have found a strong relationship between BP and punch velocity (PV_max). For instance, [PERSON] et al. (2018) [22] highlighted that BP training significantly improved boxers' maximum punch speed. Similarly, [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) [15] reported that boxers with stronger BP performance achieved higher punch speeds, indicating a significant positive correlation between these two factors. BP training is an effective method for enhancing both speed and strength in boxers. Plyometric training effectively enhances performance in sports where explosive strength is crucial, such as boxing. Plyometric exercises are based on the principle of rapidly stretching muscles followed by an immediate contraction to generate force. This type of training helps boxers increase their explosive power, allowing them to throw faster and more powerful punches [23]. For instance, exercises that involve jumping, acceleration, sudden stops, and changes in speed help accelerate the force transfer between body segments, thereby enhancing the speed and impact of punches. Additionally, glyometric exercises improve lower-body strength and hip rotation, facilitating more efficient force transfer to the upper body and directly contributing to increased punch speed [24]. In boxing, the training load intensity must align with specific parameters to enhance performance through speed. A study on the impact of load intensity in bench press (BP) on punch velocity found that boxers should train with a load of 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1 RM) to effectively transfer punch speed [25]. Similarly, glyometric training should be applied with an optimal load intensity to increase maximal strength and explosive velocity. Training with these intensities optimizes the force transfer between body segments and improves training efficiency. Improving boxing performance is not limited to developing technical skills alone; physical parameters such as strength, speed, and explosiveness also play a crucial role. Bench press and glyometric training are practical tools for enhancing these parameters. While bench press optimizes the relationship between strength and speed, glyometric exercises increase boxers' explosive power, improving the speed and impact of their technical movements [26]. Therefore, combining both types of training may serve as a significant strategy to enhance boxing performance. This study examines the effects of two different glyometric training programs on straight punch impact force, cardiovascular fitness, and muscle strength in national-level boxers over an 8-week preparatory period. The study hypotheses are as follows:  
**H1. **: _Plyometric training significantly improves straight punch impact force, cardiovascular fitness, and upper-body strength in elite boxers._
**H2. **: _Different glyometric training protocols (PSJ vs. PRJ) result in differential improvements in the aforementioned performance parameters._  
While the physiological and biomechanical demands of boxing have been explored in prior studies, existing research has often treated glyometric interventions as a monolithic training category or examined their effects in other sports contexts.