# Design Considerations of Multi-Phase Buck DC-DC Converter
###### Abstract
The circuit is designed via optimization based on an objective function to achieve minimal losses in the power semiconductors and the inductor. The authors of [10] proposed a modified pulse-width modulation (PWM) method that achieves good harmonic composition and low noise. The Wrapped-Around Phase-Shift (WAPS) control is used for the RWAPPM-type multiphase converter, which achieves a significant reduction in the output ripple noise voltage compared to other control algorithms. This is proven on the basis of numerical experiments with a model of a three-phase converter. Their analysis shows that the multi-phase RWAPPM with the proposed WAPS control method (RWAPPM + WAPS) is characterized in addition to low output voltage ripple noise and very low peak spectral power of input current harmonics compared to using a standard PWM under the same conditions. In [11], a new multiphase PWM DC-DC converter is designed to meet the power requirements of a new generation microprocessor that requires 40-100 A currents, lower voltage, and better current dynamic transient response. In this regard, in the multiphase converter, it is very important to balance the currents in each phase, and current sharing in the master-slave control method is an effective way to do this. In [12], the interface between the energy storage system and the inverter is considered. The main objective of the manuscript is the analysis, design, and comparison of four interleaved boost DC-DC converter topologies. In this aspect, an evaluation of the effect of using a magnetic four-phase coupled inductor coupling in multiphase and modular circuits is made. As a development of the research, a new topology for a four-phase coupled inductor is presented. These DC-DC converters are designed to determine the proper placement of components to achieve the best performance. Synthesis control of multi-phase DC-DC converters has a number of features compared to that of classical schemes. In [13], a method for synthesis control of multiphase DC-DC converters is presented by identifying an automated digital system. The results of the identification were used to tune the controller, which was achieved without previously known parameters of the power circuit. The authors of [14] presented a multiphase synchronous step-down converter (MSBC). Due to its higher efficiency, smaller passive component sizes, bi-directional power flow, and reduced output current ripple, this device finds wide application for electric vehicle charging. (EV). In order to achieve high reliability, the management of faults in the power circuit was performed by detecting a fault of a separate semiconductor switch, switching off the faulty phase, and corresponding reconfiguration of the PWM signals for the working phases. This prevents circulating current in the device and high output current ripple. The main contribution of the manuscript is the fault management method by detecting defective semiconductor switches and reconfiguring healthy phases using DSP. The method is validated via simulations and experiments. In [15; 16], the design features of the magnetic components applied in multiphase DC-DC converters are considered. The authors of [15] proposed a procedure for the optimal design of a high-efficiency multiphase step-down converter implemented by a solenoid inductor, and [16] a method for designing a coupled inductor applied to a multiphase interleaved boost converter, which is a more efficient topology, compared to the classic multiphase boost converter. The authors of [17] present research on a series-arranged multiphase topology. It is well suited for high-voltage, high-power DC-DC conversion applications. The multi-phase structure used in the proposed converter helps to increase the power level and improve reliability by using a modular structure and minimizing the requirements on filter elements. The authors of [18] present the implementation and validation of a tool for analyzing multiphase-coupled inductor converters.