## 3 Materials and Methods
### Case Study
#### 3.3.1 User Study Procedure and Task Description  
The virtual reality environment was tested by participants from three different departments that collaborate in the maintenance documentation process, including documentation, maintenance method development, and risk assessment. In the user test, each of the participants had their own dedicated role related to the actual department they work in at the company. The test participants were requested to work with a maintenance instruction displayed in the DocPanel tool (see Figure 3) and interact with the components in the VR environment. The instruction described a battery replacement task for a component, involving the removal of the battery and its cabling, installation of a new battery and reconnection of its cables and all the safety information related to the tasks. The documentation expert was responsible for leading the review, controlling the DocPanel tool and taking notes with the TextBox tool. Both virtual keyboard and speech-to-text functionalities were available to the users, and they could use both features according to their preferences. The maintenance method expert acted as the subject matter expert, reviewing the technical details of the instructions, and clarifying any open issues with the component or the maintenance method. The maintenance method export demonstrated the maintenance method by, for example, opening the cover of the component and removing the battery. The documentation and maintenance method expert then reviewed the draft instructions and noted down any missing information or need for additional illustrations to be generated. When the parties agreed that an additional illustration should be added, the documentation expert used the camera tool to take a picture to help with the creation of the illustration that would take place after the review. While the other parties reviewed the technical correctness of the instructions, the risk assessment expert reviewed the safety of the working environment and the maintenance method. If the risk assessment expert noticed any deficiencies in the safety information in the reviewed instructions, they commented on it to the other users, and the users then proceeded to discuss what type of warnings, for example, would need to be included in the instructions. The documentation expert then noted down the final decision of what needs to be added with the TextBox tool.  
During the test, the participants were encouraged to interact with each other and utilize the tools available in the VR environment (TextBox, Camera and Measure). The participants were also encouraged to comment on the functionalities of the tools and their suitability for the tasks they were responsible for. Thinking aloud and participant observation were used as the methods for collecting the data. The participants were asked to think aloud while performing the tasks, thus enabling the observers to understand what they liked and disliked. Thinking aloud also made it clear to the observers if the participants had trouble using the system or understanding some functionalities. The sessions were video recorded so that observers could go back and check details after the user tests if needed.