## 3 Results and Discussion
### Ten Weeks Post-Disgorging
These results may be attributed to PN being the  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Compound (ug/L)** & **ZD** & **BS** & **OC** & **UC** & **PN** & **IW** & **B** \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{**5 weeks**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{_Eight esters: Linear fatty acid derivatives_} \\ \hline Ethyl hexanoate & \(164\pm 7\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(1177\pm 20\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(522\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(905\pm 20\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(132\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm F}\) & \(352\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm F}\) & \(1687\pm 89\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl octanoate & \(651\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(339\pm 10\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(381\pm 10\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(460\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(349\pm 5\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(666\pm 125\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(23,429\pm 15\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl butanoate & \(41\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(53\pm 4\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(57\pm 7\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(52\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(39\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(30\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(69\pm 15\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ \hline Ethyl isovalerate & \(33\pm 12\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(117\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(76\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(13\pm 6\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(154\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(61\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(59\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm C}\) \\ Ethyl isobutyrate & \(69\pm 11\)\({}^{\rm A}\), \({}^{\rm B}\) & \(56\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(52\pm 10\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(41\pm 9\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(86\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(38\pm 8\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(62\pm 7\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl-2-methylbutyrate & \(12\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & ND & \(7\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(12\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(25\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(0.4\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm F}\) & \(18\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{_Alcohals_} \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{_Eight esters: Linear fatty acid derivatives_} \\ \hline Ethyl hexanoate & \(164\pm 6\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(164\pm 7\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(503\pm 28\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(457\pm 6\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(131\pm 6\)\({}^{\rm D}\) & \(339\pm 17\)\({}^{\rm C}\) & \(1750\pm 89\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl octanoate & \(651\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(600\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(374\pm 11\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(619\pm 4\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(353\pm 5\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(577\pm 125\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(23,540\pm 157\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl butanoate & \(41\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(41\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(61\pm 6\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(42\pm 3\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(40\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(32\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(58\pm 15\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{_Eight esters: BOND acid derivatives_} \\ \hline Ethyl isovalerate & \(117\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(118\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(77\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(56\pm 0\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(156\pm 2\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(62\pm 1\)\({}^{\rm A}\) & \(101\pm 63\)\({}^{\rm A}\) \\ Ethyl isobutyrate & \(68\pm 11\)\({}^{\rm B}\) & \(68\pm 11\)\({}^{\rm A}\)oldest sparkling wine used in our study, with the longest lees aging time and ethyl ester concentrations are known to change with extended lees aging [27]. The lowest concentration of ethyl butanoate was found in IW, which also had the lowest concentration at 5 weeks post-disgorging. There was a significant statistical difference in all VOCs (\(p<0.05\)) at 10 weeks. Regarding alcohols, the highest concentration of 2-phenylethanol was found in OC wines and the lowest was in B, similar to 5 weeks post-disgorging. The 1-hexanol concentrations at 10 weeks post-disgorging were statistically significant (\(p<0.05\)) due to the high amount found in B.