# Fire Risk Analysis in Large Multi-Compartment Structures Using a Hybrid Multiscale Approach
## 3 Proof of Concept
### Application to a Full-Scale Generic Military Corvette
#### 3.2.3 Network Model Results  
Using the results obtained from the zone and 1D CFD models, the propagation of fire and smoke in the corvette was simulated by the network model. Table 7 gives the ignition and flashover times in each compartment affected by the fire for both scenarios. As shown in Table 7 and Figure 23, the fire spreads through the openings and the walls. The onset of flashover in E112 at 9\({}^{\prime}\) allows for the fire to spread to the adjacent rooms connected by an opening, i.e., by a hatch to room E0012 and an open door to room E110. The fire then spreads through the side walls to rooms E122 and D122 in 18\({}^{\prime}\), and then through the floor to room E210 after 22\({}^{\prime}\). The fire then gradually spreads to section D, first to deck 1 via room D110 after 34\({}^{\prime}\), then via rooms D112 and D132 at 43\({}^{\prime}\). The fire finally reaches deck 00, igniting rooms D0012 and D0022 (45\({}^{\prime}\)) and D0010 (54\({}^{\prime}\)). It spreads to deck 00 in section C, in room C0022 at 63\({}^{\prime}\), then in rooms C0020, C0012, and C0010 after 72\({}^{\prime}\), 81\({}^{\prime}\), and 148\({}^{\prime}\). In 148\({}^{\prime}\), the fire spreads to 16 rooms on three decks (decks 2 to 00). Of the 16 rooms affected, 6 reach the flashover. Corridors stop the spread of fire from one side of the ship to the other. The cofferdams, placed between each section, also limit the propagation of fire from one section to another and, in our case, confine the fire in sections C to E.  
As expected, the smoke affects more rooms than the fire (Figure 24). During the first minutes of the fire, the transport of smoke is vertical. As the fire origin compartment E112 is connected by a hatch to rooms E0012, E0110, and E0212, the smoke logically spreads to the upper decks, which are filled with smoke in only 10\({}^{\prime}\). After 15\({}^{\prime}\) of fire, sections D and E are filled with smoke on four different decks (decks 1 to 02). The fire then spreads laterally to the two remaining decks (decks 1 and 00). Section C is filled after 20\({}^{\prime}\), followed by sections F and H, 5\({}^{\prime}\) later. It is necessary to wait 30\({}^{\prime}\), after the rooms of the upper decks are filled, for the room F210 of deck 2 to be affected by the smoke. After 30\({}^{\prime}\), the smoke fills all the available space, i.e., 76 rooms on decks 2 to 02 in which the smoke interface is less than 1.80 m. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Compartment**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Deck**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Type of**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Time (min)**} \\ \cline{3-6}  & & **Compartment** & & **Ignition** & & **Flashover** \\ \hline E112 & 1 & Accommodation & 0 & 0 & 9 & 9 \\ E0012 & 00 & Messroom & 9 & 9 & - & - \\ E110 & 1 & Corridor & 10 & 9 & - & - \\ D122 & 1 & Accommodation & 18 & 17 & 33 & 31 \\ E122 & 1 & Mixed storage & 18 & 18 & - & - \\ E210 & 2 & Accommodation & 22 & 21 & - & - \\ D112 & 1 & Accommodation & 43 & 24 & - & - \\ D110 & 1 & Corridor & 34 & 32 & - & - \\ D132 & 1 & Mixed storage & 43 & 41 & - & - \\ D0012 & 00 & Accommodation & 45 & 43 & 54 & 52 \\ D0022 & 00 & Accommodation & 45 & 43 & 55 & 53 \\ D0010 & 00 & Corridor & 54 & 52 & - & - \\ C0022 & 00 & Control room & 63 & 62 & 72 & 70 \\ C0020 & 00 & Corridor & 72 & 71 & - & - \\ C0012 & 00 & Electrical room & 81 & 79 & 144 & 143 \\ C0010 & 00 & Mixed storage & 148 & 147 & - & - \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Ignition and flashover times for the two fire scenarios in the corvette. The values in black correspond to the first scenario (without mechanical ventilation); the values in red correspond to the second fire scenario (with mechanical ventilation). Figure 23: First fire scenario in the corvette (no mechanical ventilation): fire maps predicted by the network model after \(10^{\prime},30^{\prime},50^{\prime},70^{\prime},90^{\prime}\), and \(148^{\prime}\) of fire.