# Spectrum Values in Suburban/Urban Environments above 1.5 GHz
## 2 Analysis of Spectrum Values  
### Suburban Environment  
In the suburban environment, the carrier cannot make cell coverage top priority because customers' demands must be met. Therefore, carriers need to deploy more cells than necessary to satisfy the coverage requirements. However, the cells do not need to be as small as microcells in urban areas since the population density in suburban areas is not very high. Hence, the carriers use low frequencies for coverage and high frequencies for capacity requirements. This means that the spectrum values can be influential in determining the effectiveness of the deployment strategy works [3].  
Reference [3] shows that the spectrum values have an impact on how the data rate changes when the frequency doubles. We have considered the analysis model in [3] and extended it to higher frequencies with different path loss model and parameter values. That is, Shannon capacity is evaluated in terms of 5 GHz to 11 GHz for the appropriate propagation model. When doubling the frequency, Shannon capacity is investigated to compare the spectrum value between low and high frequency spectrum. For example, when the frequency doubles, the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) deteriorates, resulting in the decrease of the data rate. To maintain the same data rate, more bandwidth is required. This relationship is described by Equation (1) in terms of the Shannon capacity.  
\[Data\ rate=Bandwidth\times\log_{2}(1+SINR) \tag{1}\]where _Bandwidth_ is the available system bandwidth and _SINR_ is:  
\[SINR=\frac{P_{R}}{Noise+I} \tag{2}\]  
where \(P_{R}\) is the signal power received at the mobile receiver side, _Noise_ is the noise power at the receiver side and \(I\) is the power of the interference signal from other base stations. It is assumed that interference and noise are the same at all frequencies, so an interference margin is introduced into the calculation. Ignoring the feeder loss, the received power \(P_{R}\) can be expressed as [13]:  
\[P_{R}=P_{T}+G_{T}+G_{R}-L(f,d) \tag{3}\]  
where \(P_{T}\) is the power transmitter from the base station antenna, \(G_{T}\) is the transmitter antenna gain, \(G_{R}\) is the receiver antenna gain and \(L(f,d)\) is the path loss as a function of carrier frequency \(f\) and the distance \(d\) between the mobile user and base station.  
The effect of doubling the frequency and the relative value of the spectrum at different frequencies is investigated by examining the ratio of the data rate at a frequency of \(2f\) to the data rate at a frequency of \(f\)[3]:  
\[\frac{\text{Value}(2f)}{\text{Value}(f)}=\frac{\text{Data rate}(2f)}{\text{ Data rate}(f)} \tag{4}\]  
where Value (\(2f\)) is the spectrum value at \(2f\) (higher frequency) and _Value(f)_ is the spectrum value at \(f\) (lower frequency). Then this ratio can be calculated by choosing a frequency in the following three different frequency ranges, 500 MHz to 1.5 GHz, 1.5 GHz to 3 GHz, and 3 GHz to 11 GHz.  
Regarding the path loss model, the Hata model [7] is used for the spectrum range of 500 MHz to 1.5 GHz, and the SUI model [6] is employed for both 1.5 GHz to 3 GHz and 3 GHz to 11 GHz. The bandwidth is assumed to be 5% of the lower limit in the range [14]. Other parameters used in the evaluation are summarized in Table 1.