## 3 Validation and Experimentation
### Empirical Validation
#### 3.2.2 Quantitative  
This section provides a detailed analysis of the quantitative results obtained from the experimental session involving the 39 participants as well as from the usability questionnaire. Table 5 displays the outcomes of all participants' execution of the 18 tasks within the experiment. The columns represent the various tasks, while the rows identify the participants. Additionally, both task and participant overall averages and standard deviations are showcased in the final rows and columns, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**P\#** & \multicolumn{10}{c}{**Tasks**} \\ \cline{2-13}  & **T1** & **T2** & **T3** & **T4** & **T5** & **T6** & **T7** & **T8** & **T9** & **T10** & **T11** & **T12** & **T13** & **T14** & **T15** & **T16** & **T17** & **T18** & **Avg** & **SD** \\ \hline P1 & 100 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 75 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 40.3 & 32.9 \\ P2 & 100 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 33.3 & 0 & 33.3 & 25 & 0 & 0 & 40 & 10 & 0 & 0 & 31 & 27.1 \\ P3 & 100 & 33.3 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 75 & 60 & 70 & 60 & 30 & 80 & 80 & 63.2 & 20.2 \\ P4 & 100 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 0 & 25 & 25 & 50 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 0 & 25 & 80 & 70 & 70 & 80 & 40 & 40 & 42.9 & 27.3 \\ P5 & 100 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 25 & 50 & 50 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 100 & 20 & 40 & 10 & 10 & 20 & 20 & 41.4 & 26.8 \\ P6 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 100 & 90 & 90 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 94.7 & 9.6 \\ P7 & 100 & 0 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 50 & 75 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 0 & 50 & 60 & 70 & 50 & 40 & 40 & 0 & 53.8 & 29.7 \\ P8 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 80 & 100 & 100 & 94.7 & 10.2 \\ P9 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 90 & 80 & 100 & 94.2 & 10.2 \\ P10 & 100 & 0 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 50 & 60 & 60 & 60 & 10 & 80 & 80 & 58.3 & 25.8 \\ P11 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 100 & 90 & 90 & 90 & 80 & 80 & 91.9 & 10.3 \\ P12 & 100 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 50 & 25 & 50 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 25 & 60 & 70 & 40 & 40 & 60 & 0 & 43.7 & 22.1 \\ P13 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 100 & 75 & 100 & 100 & 90 & 90 & 100 & 100 & 94.7 & 9.6 \\ P14 & 100 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 50 & 50 & 100 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 75 & 20 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 51.6 & 38.6 \\ P15 & 100 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 75 & 50 & 100 & 66.7 & 66.7 & 0 & 50 & 100 & 90 & 0 & 0 & 50 & 80 & 0 & 60.8 & 34.2 \\ P16 & 100 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 66.7 & 33.3 & 50 & 50 & 50 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 33.3 & 50 & 60 & 70 & 3 The values denote the percentage of task completion success based on their level of difficulty, as indicated in Table 5. Colors have been utilized to differentiate success levels, ranging from green for higher results to red for lower outcomes. The results highlight that tasks T1, T8, and T9 achieved the highest average success percentages, scoring 99 (SD = 6.4), 71.8 (SD = 25.1), and 71.8 (SD = 23.6), respectively. Particularly noteworthy is the low standard deviation for task T1, where only participant P22 did not achieve 100% success in the task. These tasks were linked to the initial configuration of SQLRho (TT1) and query operations within the 'employees' table (TT3). In contrast, tasks T16, T18, and T15 obtained the lowest average success percentages, scoring 37.4 (SD = 32.9), 41.5 (SD = 38.5), and 47.7 (SD = 37.7), respectively. Unlike tasks with high scores, these tasks exhibited high standard deviations, primarily due to over 10 participants obtaining percentage ratings between 0 and 20. All these tasks shared the usage of Handlebars templates (TT4) based on operations within the 'departments' (TT2) and 'employees' (TT3) tables. Regarding individual participant results, it is evident that over 60% achieved high levels in the average task success percentage, i.e., results exceeding 50%.