# Distributed Management Systems for Infocommunication Networks: A Model Based on TM Forum Framework
## 3 Methods  
### Framework TM Forum  
The ODA project was implemented using the concept of Framework TM Forum, known earlier as the New Generation Operations Systems and Software (NGOSS). This concept defines a modern standardization approach for the business processes of a communication company [9]. Framework gives an exact description of the components of BPs in terms of their functions, associated information and other characteristics. Framework consists of the following frameworks (Figure 2). 1. The business process framework (formally the enhanced telecom operations map, or eTOM) describes the structure of the business processes of telecommunication companies. 2. The information framework (formally the shared information/data model, or SID) defines an approach to the description and usage of all data engaged in the business processes of a communication company. 3. The application framework (formally the telecom applications map, or TAM) describes the typical structure of the information framework components for communication companies. 4. The integration framework contains a set of standards that support the integration and interoperability between applications defined in the applications framework, with a basic element in the form of a standardized interface; a set of similar interfaces defines the service (API service). 5. Business metrics are a standardized model of business indicators that unites over a hundred of standard measurable indicators for assessing the different activities of an infocommunications supplier. 6. Best practice includes practical recommendations and case studies based on the experience of using Framework models in different activities of telecommunication companies. The hierarchical decomposition principle is widely used for the structural description of BPs in eTOM. Consider the decomposition procedure for BP 1.4.6.3 (Correct and Resolve Service Problem); there are four decomposition levels here, as is illustrated in Figure 3.  
Figure 2: Structure of Framework TM Forum [9]. The first decomposition level of eTOM includes eight large blocks as follows:  
* Market/Sales Management Domain;
* Product Management Domain;
* Customer Management Domain;
* Service Management Domain (is shown in Figure 3);
* Resource Management Domain;
* Engaged Party Domain;
* Enterprise Domain;
* Common Process Patterns Domain. The second decomposition level separates the groups of processes that represent large stages of end-to-end business processes in eTOM. For example, block 1.4 (Service Management Domain) at the second level is divided into eight groups; see Figure 3. In particular, it includes block 1.4.6 (Service Problem Management). The described levels are logical because the resulting specification does not yield a sequence of actions. The third and lower decomposition levels are physical, since their elements correspond to specific actions that can be combined in flows. The processes of the third decomposition level can be used to construct ideal models considering no possible failures during execution and other specifics. Block 1.4.6 (Service Problem Management) at the third level is divided into seven groups; see Figure 3. In particular, it includes block 1.4.6.3 (Correct and Resolve Service Problem). Block 1.4.6.3 (Correct and Resolve Service Problem) at the fourth level is divided into seven processes as follows (Figure 3):  
Figure 3: Decomposition of business process (BP) 1.4.6.3 (Correct and Resolve Service Problem) [9]. * 1.4.6.3.1 Reassign/Reconfigure Failed Service;
* 1.4.6.3.2 Manage Service Restoration;
* 1.4.6.3.3 Implement Service Problem Work Arounds;
* 1.4.6.3.4 Invoke Support Service Problem Management Processes;
* 1.4.6.3.5 Review Major Service Problem;
* 1.4.6.3.6 Monitor Service Alarms Events;
* 1.4.6.3.7 Categorize Service Alarm Event.