# Relevance of Surface Electromyography Assessment and Sleep Impairment in Scoliosis: A Pilot Study
## 3 Results
### Results of the SAQ Scale  
The SAQ scale underlines the mental perception of each subject. This is related to the physical impairment of the scoliotic patient, as detailed in Table 4.  
Score 1 represents the summation of the values distributed for the 11 images. Score 2 represents the summation of all values obtained in the 20-item questionnaire. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Patient Code** & **T1 SAQ Score 1** & **T2 SAQ Score 1** & **T1 SAQ Score 2** & **T2 SAQ Score 2** \\ \hline P1 & 23 & 26 & 86 & 86 \\ P2 & 27 & 23 & 69 & 69 \\ P3 & 39 & 28 & 87 & 87 \\ P4 & 33 & 24 & 70 & 72 \\ P5 & 39 & 29 & 69 & 71 \\ P6 & 31 & 24 & 71 & 71 \\ P7 & 31 & 24 & 59 & 60 \\ P8 & 38 & 28 & 87 & 89 \\ P9 & 28 & 26 & 67 & 69 \\ P10 & 20 & 20 & 49 & 49 \\ P11 & 38 & 28 & 85 & 87 \\ P12 & 36 & 23 & 71 & 83 \\ P13 & 39 & 28 & 87 & 87 \\ P14 & 40 & 23 & 59 & 60 \\ P15 & 31 & 24 & 59 & 60 \\ Minimum & 20 & 20 & 49 & 49 \\ Maximum & 40 & 29 & 87 & 89 \\ Mean & 32.87 & 25.20 & 71.67 & 73.33 \\ Standard & 6.31 & 2.60 & 12.32 & 12.64 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: SAQ scale results at moment T1 and moment T2 of evaluation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Patient** & **T1 Epworth** & **T2 Epworth** & **T1 Total Baecke** & **T2 Total Baecke** \\
**Code** & **Score** & **Score** & **Score** \\ \hline P1 & 3 & 3 & 11 & 5 \\ P2 & 7 & 6 & 10 & 10 \\ P3 & 12 & 10 & 13 & 9 \\ P4 & 9 & 7 & 12 & 13 \\ P5 & 8 & 8 & 15 & 15 \\ P6 & 4 & 4 & 14 & 14 \\ P7 & 6 & 6 & 15 & 15 \\ P8 & 7 & 5 & 9 & 10 \\ P9 & 6 & 6 & 16 & 16 \\ P10 & 5 & 5 & 15 & 16 \\ P11 & 10 & 8 & 7 & 11 \\ P12 & 4 & 2 & 9 & 12 \\ P13 & 9 & 7 & 10 & 12 \\ P14 & 8 & 8 & 16 & 16 \\ P15 & 6 & 4 & 11 & 11 \\ Minimum & 3 & 2 & 7 & 5 \\ Maximum & 12 & 10 & 16 & 16 \\ Mean Value & 6.93 & 5.93 & 12.2 & 12.33 \\ Standard Deviation & 2.46 & 2.15 & 2.88 & 3.13 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Results of the Epworth and Baecke scales, during therapeutic intervention. It can be noticed that for 14 out of 15 subjects (93.33%), the SAQ score 1 has a decreased value in T2 compared to the T1 moment. It can be also noticed that for 9 out of 15 subjects (60%), the SAQ score 2 has an increased value in T2 compared to the T1 moment. Both the decrease and the increase tendencies of scores 1 and 2 of the SAQ scale indicate a beneficial evolution of the functional and emotional status of the soliotic patient. The interpretation of the SAQ scale also implies choosing the most relevant question out of the 20-item questionnaire, as presented in Table 5. The results show that the same question was chosen both before and after the completion of the therapeutic protocol for all subjects. Statistical Analysis of the Obtained Results throughout Scale Assessment for the 15 Subjects Included in the Study  
The statistical analysis of the results are shown in three scales (Epworth scale and Baecke scale in Table 6 and SAQ scale in Table 7, for the group of 15 subjects). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Statistical Indexes Obtained by Difference**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**\(t\)-Test Bilateral Dependence**} \\  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**(after-before)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Range of**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**\(t\) obs**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**df**} & \(p\) * \\
**Scale Type** & **Mean** & **Range of** & & & \\
**Difference** & **Confidence** & **f obs** & **df** & **\(p\) * \\ \hline Epworth & 1 & 0.44; 1.55 & 3.873 & 14 & **0.002** \\ Baecke & \(-\)0.133 & \(-\)1.49; 1.22 & \(-\)0.21 & 14 & 0.836 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Threshold value 0.05.  
\end{table} 
Table 6: Statistical indexes obtained from Epworth and Baecke scales, for the 15 subjects, before (T1) and after (T2) completion of the therapeutic protocol.