## 8 Future Directions
### AI in 6G Networks  
With the rapid approach of 6G networks, AI is expected to play a foundational role in enabling features such as ultra-low latency, massive device connectivity, and advanced security. Unlike 5G, which relies on centralized architectures, 6G will likely incorporate decentralized and AI-driven management frameworks to support unprecedented scale \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c} \hline \hline
**Method** & **Interpretability** & **Complexity** & **Suitability for Network AI** \\ \hline SHAP & High & Medium & High \\ LIME & High & Medium & Medium \\ Feature Attribution Maps & Medium & Low & Medium \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 16: Comparison of XAI methods for communication network applications. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline
**Aspect** & **Edge AI** & **Cloud-Based AI** \\ \hline Latency (ms) & 1–10 & 50–150 \\ Data Privacy (\%) & 95 & 70–85 \\ Energy Efficiency (W) & 10–50 & 100–500 \\ Computational Power (FLOPs) & 10\({}^{9}\) & 10\({}^{12}\) \\ Processing Speed (ops/sec) & 1–10 M & 100 M–1 B \\ Deployment Complexity & Moderate & High \\ Scalability & Low to Moderate & High \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 15: Quantitative comparison of Edge AI and cloud-based AI for communication networks. and connectivity [132]. AI will not only drive these features but will also be crucial in supporting advanced technologies such as massive MIMO, remote health services, haptic communication, integration of satellite and terrestrial networks, and physical layer security. AI in 6G is anticipated to enhance capabilities in various aspects, including the following:  
* Ultra-Low Latency: AI-enabled predictive analytics can minimize latency by dynamically adjusting network resources based on real-time traffic patterns, optimizing data routing and minimizing bottlenecks. This will be crucial for applications requiring real-time feedback, such as autonomous vehicles or remote control of industrial robots. * Massive Connectivity: AI will facilitate efficient resource allocation to manage the vast number of connected devices, a key feature of 6G. Techniques such as AI-based beamforming and resource scheduling in massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) systems will enable dense device connectivity without compromising network efficiency. AI can predict demand and optimize power usage to ensure seamless connectivity across dense urban environments. * Enhanced Security: AI-driven threat detection and response mechanisms will protect 6G networks from increasingly sophisticated cyber-attacks. In addition to traditional network security measures, AI will be crucial in implementing advanced physical layer security by detecting anomalies in the signal transmission patterns to prevent eavesdropping and data theft. * Remote Health Services: AI will also enable remote health monitoring and telemedicine in 6G networks, where low-latency, high-throughput data transmission is essential. AI can analyze medical data in real-time, assist in diagnostic procedures, and provide feedback on patient health metrics, all while ensuring privacy and data security through encryption and anonymization. * Haptic Communication: AI will enhance haptic communication, where users can experience sensations such as touch or force over a distance. Through the integration of AI and haptic feedback technology, 6G networks will enable immersive virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) experiences, providing tactile sensations that mimic real-world interactions. AI will optimize the data streams required for such experiences, minimizing latency and maximizing realism. * Integration of Satellite and Terrestrial Networks: AI will be critical in the integration of satellite and terrestrial communication networks, enabling seamless global coverage and connectivity. AI algorithms will optimize handovers between terrestrial and satellite networks, manage resource allocation, and predict network conditions, ensuring consistent and reliable service across diverse geographic locations.