# Willows Used for Phytoremediation Increased Organic Contaminant Concentrations in Soil Surface
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Previous Studies on the Site and Present Experimental Layout
#### 2.2.1 Soil Characterization (2010)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameters** & **Units** & **Values** & **Parameters** & **Units** & **Values** \\ \hline Cation-exchange & \(\mathrm{meg}\) 100 g\({}^{-1}\) & 43.50 & PCBs \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 57.58 \(\pm\) 11.70 \\ capacity & - & 7.70 & Cadmium \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 1.75 \(\pm\) 0.15 \\ pH buffer & - &?7.50 & Chromium \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 699.50 \(\pm\) 127.22 \\ Soil texture & - & Clay & Copper \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 1380.00 \(\pm\) 201.57 \\ Clay & \% & 46.00 & Nickel \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 429.20 \(\pm\) 22.22 \\ Slif & \% & 33.90 & Lead \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 34.00 \(\pm\) 8.12 \\ Sand & \% & 20.10 & Zinc \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 386.50 \(\pm\) 72.13 \\ Organic matter & \% & 9.60 & Acenapphtene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.56 \(\pm\) 0.18 \\ K + Mg + Ca saturation & \% & 100.00 & Acenapphtene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 1.98 \(\pm\) 0.38 \\ P (P/A) saturation & \% & 16.50 & Anthracene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 181.54 \(\pm\) 4.90 \\ Ca saturation & \% & 81.60 & Benz[a]anthracene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.43 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ K saturation & \% & 3.10 & Benzo[a]pyrene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.28 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\ Mg saturation & \% & 15.30 & Benzo[a]pyrene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.48 \(\pm\) 0.12 \\ \hline
**Parameters** & **Units** & **Values** & chrysene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.40 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ Al \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 48.00 & Fluoranthene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.54 \(\pm\) 0.20 \\ B \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 1.40 & Fluorene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.94 \(\pm\) 0.21 \\ Ca \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 7090.00 & Inden[1,2,3-cd]pyrene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.32 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ Ca \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 417.00 & Naphthalene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.42 \(\pm\) 0.13 \\ Fe \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 178.00 & Phenanthrene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 2.62 \(\pm\) 0.71 \\ K \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 525.00 & Pyrene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 1.34 \(\pm\) 0.41 \\ Mg \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 800.00 & 1-Methylraphthalene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.42 \(\pm\) 0.13 \\ Mn \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 11.00 & 2-Methylinphthalene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.42 \(\pm\) 0.12 \\ P \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 80.00 & 1,3-Dimethylinphthalene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.55 \(\pm\) 0.18 \\ Zn \({}^{b}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 85.60 & 2,3,5-Timethylinphthalene \({}^{c}\) & mg kg\({}^{-1}\) & 0.40 \(\pm\) 0.13 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm below ground. \({}^{a}\) Water extraction. \({}^{b}\) Melich III method. \({}^{c}\) Chemical analysis were performed by AGAT Laboratories Ltd. (Montreal, QC, Canada) following the recommended provincial methods for environmental analyses [19; 20; 21; 22; 23]. Five soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm below ground in each plot (P1, P2, P3 and P4, see Figure 1A). Values are the averages (mean \(\pm\) SD, n = 20). Table was adapted from [PERSON] et al. [6].  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Soil characteristics of the site in 2010.