## 11 Nanotechnology for Sustainable Environment, Agriculture and Food Safety
### Theoretical Study of Variable Gas Adsorption by the Robust Metal-Organic Framework NKMOF-1-Ni
The analysis of the particles requires expertise and time, as they have been exposed to physical and chemical processes changing and damaging their structures. Studies usually do not discuss their analysis process in depth. The objective of this presentation is to discourse the challenges and successes of using microRaman for polymer identification in our ongoing field data collection in the Hillsborough River in Florida. Analysis has been conducted on samples from June to August 2018 using a 500 \(\upmu\)m mesh reuston net. Particles with sizes between 0.1 and 80 mm were separated from the dried samples through visual sorting and then analyzed with a Jasco NRS-4500 Confocal Raman Microscope. Using both point and lattice measurement modes, we conducted extensive tests to determine preparation techniques and configurations suitable for the large numbers and high variability in particle size and surface texture. The resulting spectra are identified using a personal reference and commercial database and through manual inspection. Zinkicide Antimicrobial Efficacy Compared to Bulk ZnO against HLB Surrogate Xanthomonas alfalfa [PERSON] \({}^{1,2,3}\), [PERSON] \({}^{1,2,3}\) and [PERSON] \({}^{1,2,3}\)  
\({}^{1}\) Materials Innovation for Sustainable Agriculture Center (MISA)  
\({}^{2}\) Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Center (NSTC)  
\({}^{3}\) University of Central Florida (UCF), Orlando, FL 32828, USA  
Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is caused by _Candidatus Liberbacter asaticus (CLas)_. HLB was introduced to Florida back in 2005 and since then has led to an estimated 4.5-billion-dollar revenue loss to growers due to the disease. This phloem bound bacterium enters citrus plants by its insect vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), when it feeds on citrus sap. Accessing the phloem of citrus trees are problematic and it's been shown that particles less than 5.4 nanometers in size can enter via the citrus leaves. Zinkicide, a zinc-oxide based nanoparticle less then 5 nm in size, is designed to be a fully systemic micronutrient based therapeutic that can reach _CLas_ inside the phloem and kill the pathogen. This study will focus on assessing the antimicrobial efficacy of Zinkicide on _CLas_ surrogate _Xanthomonas alfalfa_. Here we tested Zinkicide from 2019, Zinkicide from 2017, Zinkicide mixed with nutrient broth (N.B.) for 24 h and bulk ZnO. We evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by using a standard broth dilution method and to measure the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), we performed CFU plating and a cytotoxicity assay using resazurin. The MIC/MBC values for the Zinkicide trials are as follows: 2019--4 ppm/8 ppm, 2017--4 ppm/8 ppm, 24h--8 ppm/16 ppm, and bulk ZnO--8 ppm/128 ppm. According to our results, Zinkicide has showed higher antimicrobial activity compared to bulk ZnO on _X. alfalfa_. When comparing the batches of Zinkicide from 2019 and 2017, it retains its antimicrobial efficacy over that two-year time span despite slow precipitation. The 24 h testing of Zinkicide is replicative to conditions that growers may face when preparing their tank mixes a day in advance in the field. Overall, Zinkicide stands as a potent therapeutic against _X. alfalfa_ and may help in controlling the current HLB endemic in Florida. **Keywords:** zinkicide; HLB; CLas; citrus