# The Effect of Pharmaceutical Excipients for Applying to Spray-Dried Omega-3 Powder
## 3 Results  
### Preparation of Spray-Dried Emulsion Powder  
Recently, powders with 30%, 35% and 40% (\(w/w\)) load of triglyceride oil and 25%, 30% and 40% (\(w/w\)) load of ethyl ester oil, respectively, were prepared to further explore how much fish oil can be included in a direct compression grade powder. All powders with up to 35% (\(w/w\)) triglyceride oil and 30% (\(w/w\)) ethyl ester oil, respectively were dried by spray granulation [12].  
Amphiphilic polymers such as poloxamers, HPMC, carboxymethylcellulose sodium and PVP had many applications as emulsifiers and solid carriers [8; 13; 14]. On the other hand, owing to gelatin's film-forming properties, gelatin had been used to encapsulate fish oils and oily vitamin in gelatin beadlets using coaervation technique, which can then be handled as a powdered formulation. Polysaccharide (or carbohydrate)-based excipients had a long history of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries as sweeteners, coating agents, bulking agents, viscosity-enhancers, tablet/capsule binders, diluents, and direct compression agents, which are low molecular weight mannitol, sorbitol, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, and the higher molecular weight maltodext, cyclodext, dextrins, gum acacia and starch sodium octenyl succinate, etc. [15]. Twenty-eight spray dried olive oil powder was obtained.  
According to the surfactants, 28 formulations were prepared using olive oil as a substitute of omega-3. In detail, various pharmaceutical excipients such as MC, HPMC, PVP, gelatin A, gelatin B, \(\upalpha\)-CD, \(\upbeta\)-CD, and \(\upgamma\)-CD were used with fixing poloxamer 188 as a surfactant for spray-dried olive oil powder. The formulations were numbered from P1 to P8 according to the order of pharmaceutical excipients. The spray-dried olive oil powder using pharmaceutical excipients such as MC, HPMC, PVP, gelatin A, gelatin B, \(\upalpha\)-CD, \(\upbeta\)-CD, and \(\upgamma\)-CD was prepared with a fixation of hydrogenated lecithin as a surfactant. The formulations were numbered from P11 to P18 according to the orderof pharmaceutical excipients. PEG40 glyceryl monostearate as surfactant was used for spray-dried olive oil powder using pharmaceutical excipients such as MC, HPMC, PVP, gelatin A, gelatin B, \(\alpha\)-CD, \(\beta\)-CD, and \(\gamma\)-CD. The formulations were numbered from P21 to P28 according to the order of pharmaceutical excipients. The amount of pharmaceutical excipients or surfactant was 6.8 g or 2.5 g over all formulations, respectively. The olive oil was set to 50% in spray-dried powder. Interestingly, in P13, P14, P15, P23, P24, and P25, spray-dried powder was not obtained. So, the physicochemical characterizations of P13, 14, 15, 23, 24 and 25 were not carried out. There was a publication that the adsorption of polyvinylalcohol spontaneously occurs from aqueous suspensions onto the surface of hydrophobic drug and had been affected by % hydrolysis and molecular mass [16]. It could be suggested that spray-dried powder was not obtained through the strong adsorption when more viscous excipients such as PVP, gelatin A and gelatin B interact with more hydrophobic surfactants such as hydrogenated lecithin or PEG40 glyceryl monostearate during spray-drying step.