## 3 Results
### Viral, Bacterial, and Protozoa Detection  
Within the cohort, 12 subjects, including four infants, were tested negative for all analyzed microorganisms; 64 subjects, including five infants, were tested positive for at least one virus, bacterium, or protozoa; 10 subjects, including three infants, were tested positive for a single microorganism, 20 subjects for two microorganisms, and 34 subjects, including two infants, for three or more microorganisms.  
Overall, 32 subjects, including five infants, were tested positive for at least one virus, with adenovirus (AdV) and enterovirus (EV) being the most common, as showed in Table 2.  
A total of 17 subjects, including two infants, were tested positive for bacterial pathogens with enterotoxicigenic _E. coli_ (ETEC), _Campylobacter_, _Shigella_, and _E. coli_ O157 being the most frequently identified (Table 2). A total of 54 subjects, including one infant, were positive for at least one protozoa species with _Blackocysts_ being the most common (47 out of 54). Overall, 20 subjects were positive for _Entamoeba hartmanni_, 11 for _Entamoeba coli_ (_Ent. coli_), and two for _Entamoeba h dispar_; _Giardia duodenalis_ was detected in 25 individuals, including one infant (Table 3).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Viruses and Bacteria** & **Positive Samples \(n\) (F/M)** & **Mean Age (min-max)** & **Detected Pathogens (n)** \\ \hline Adenovirus (AdV) & 17 (9/8) & 13.5 (0.25–59) & EV (2); NoV (2); ETEC (3); _Campylobacter_ (1) \\ \hline Parechovirus (PeV) & 4 (1/3) & 5.4 (0.1–14) & EV (2); NoV (1); _Campylobacter_ (1) \\ \hline Enterovirus (EV) & 14 (5/9) & 6.5 (0.1–14) & PeV (2); AdV (3); NoV(3); _Campylobacter_ (2); ETEC (4) \\ \hline Norovirus G1/G2 (NoV) & 8 (3/5) & 12.7 (0.1–39) & EV (3); AdV (2); PeV (1); RoV (1) \\ \hline Rotavirus A (RøV) & 1 (1/0) & 39 & RoV (1) \\ \hline _Campylobacter_ & 5 (3/2) & 6.3 (9.75–9) & _E.coli_ O157 (1); ETEC (1); STEC (1); _Shigella_ (1); EV (2); \\  & & & PeV (1); AdV (1) \\ \hline _E.coli_ O157 & 4 (2/2) & 11 (17–8) & ETEC (3); STEC (1); _Campylobacter_ (1); _Shigella_ (1); EV (2); \\  & & & PeV (1); AdV (1) \\ \hline ETEC & 10 (6/4) & 7 (1.8–17) & _E.coli_ O157 (3); STEC (2); _Campylobacter_ (3); _Shigella_ (2); \\  & & & & \\ \hline _Salmonella_ & 1 (0/1) & 43 & - \\ \hline STEC & 2 (1/1) & 9 (9) & _E.coli_ O157 (1); ETEC (2); _Campylobacter_ (1) \\ \hline _Shigella_ & 4 (3/1) & 11.7 (0.75–24) & _E.coli_ O157 (1); ETEC (2); _Campylobacter_ (1); PeV (1) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Summary of detected bacterial and viral pathogens.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_E. hartmanni_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_En. coli_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_E. dispar_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_Blackocysts_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_G. duodenalis_} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Localities} & Sex & Age & Sex & Age & Sex & Age & Sex & Age & Sex & Age \\ \cline{2-10}  & \(n\) (F/M) & \begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) & \begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) & \begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) & \begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) & \begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} & \(n\) (F/M) &
\begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ (min-max) \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Bonoua} & \(\begin{array}{c}16\\ (6/10)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}21\\ (9–50)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}2 \\ (27)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}3\\ (2–4)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}1\\ (1F)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}5\\ (17/11)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}28\\ (9–59)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}22\\ (6/2)\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}8\end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}17\\ (2–50)\end{array}\) \\