## 1 Introduction  
Wind energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is crucial to the realization of the \"dual-carbon\" goal and the transition to a low-carbon energy system. With the development of large-scale, lightweight, and intelligent wind turbines, composite materials with light weight, appropriate stiffness, and strong load resistance have become the preferred materials for wind turbine blades. The lay-up method of composite materials is one of the key factors affecting the structural performance of the blade, and the lay-up method generally involves the number of lay-up layers, lay-up angle, lay-up order, etc. The change in the lay-up method will affect the quality and stiffness of the blade, which in turn will affect the structural dynamics characteristics. A wind turbine is a rigid-flexible coupling system. The blade is meant to withstand aerodynamic force, centrifugal force, and other alternating loads. These loads make the wind turbine blade deform, and these deformations and movements in turn will change the wind movement. The air and the wind wheel of the mutual coupling effect affect the wind turbine aerodynamic performance [1]. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyze the deformation and stress-strain conditions of composite blades with different numbers of ply layers and the characteristics of wind turbine wake flow field using the two-way fluid-structure coupling method. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out research on the fluid-structure coupling method to simulate the combined effect of wind turbine rotation and incoming wind speed in the form of wind shear, which verifies the feasibility of the numerical simulation method of the fluid-structure coupling of wind turbine blades [2]. Numerical simulation of the wind turbine in different operating conditions using one-way and two-way fluid-solid coupling methods, as well as wind turbine aerodynamic load verification and research, found that the two-way fluid-solid coupling method can be a good simulation of blade aeroelasticity and other issues [3]. The 5 MW wind turbine blade with two-way fluid-solid coupling characteristics has obvious advantages [4]. It was then found that the inclusion of the tower movement can mitigate the aerodynamics due to the coupling effects of loads [5]. Moreover, a control system has been proposed that can have a significant impact on the bi-directional fluid-structure coupling results over a range of wind speeds corresponding to larger blade deformations [6]. The two-way flow-solid coupling method is more relevant to practice, whereby in the study of wind turbine blade deformation, it is found that when the tip deflection is between 4% and 12% of the blade length, the flexibility has a large impact on the wake velocity deficit [7], and a large deformation occurs when the tip deflection exceeds the cut-out wind speed [8]. By experimentally monitoring the dynamic deformation of wind turbine blades with different stiffnesses, it was found that the deformation of wind turbine blades decreases gradually from the tip to the root of the blade, with the maximum deformation at the tip of the blade [9], and the deformation fluctuation point of different blades in the upwind and downwind regions moves towards the tip of the blade as the rotational speed increases [10]. Blade structural deformation has a significant effect on the aerodynamic performance of wind turbines [11]. Experiments and numerical simulations found that the power coefficient and torque of the flexible blade are larger than that of the rigid blade [12]. Further aeroelastic coupling analysis of the flexible blade was carried out, and the results showed that blade vibration and deformation affect the aerodynamic load [13].