## 3 Results and Discussion
### Composition of the Volatile Fractions from the Hydrolates  
The mean composition of the volatiles isolated from the hydrolates for the three sites is given in Table 2. Oxidized monoterepenes constituted the major fraction of hydrolate volatiles. Thirty compounds were identified, of which \(\alpha\)-terpineol was the dominant compound. This compound had, on average, 27.7-37.6% in the hydrolate volatiles, while in the distilled oil it reached only around 0.2%. Applications of \(\alpha\)-terpineol, with its pleasant odor similar to lilac, are in various perfumes, cosmetics, soaps, and antiseptic products [22]. Terpinen-4-ol was the second major compound (6.3-7.8%) from hydrate volatiles, and this compound was very low in essential oil, at 0.1% or less. Further remarkable volatiles were verbenone (6.1-7.0%), cis-p-Menth-2-en-1-ol (3.7-4.7%), myrrtalen (3.5-4.1%), cryptone (3.2-4.0%), and borneol (3.1-3.6%). Oxidized sesquiterpenes reached 6.5-9.9% of the hydrolate volatiles, mainly with \(\alpha\)-cadinol (3.1-5.4%) and \(\tau\)-muurolol (1.8-2.9%). Terpene hydrocarbons were low in the hydrolate volatiles; on average \(\alpha\)-pinene (1.0-2.2%), \(\beta\)-phellandrene (0.9-1.9%), germacre D (1.3-5.6%), and \(\delta\)-cadinene (1.0-3.1%). An ANOVA studying the influence of the population detected significant differences for \(\alpha\)-terpineol, \(\alpha\)-cadinol, \(\tau\)-muurolol, germacre D, \(\delta\)-cadinene, \(\alpha\)-pinene, and \(\beta\)-phellandrene. The post hoc test showed that, in all cases, the samples from KEM differed from at least one of the other sites. It appears that KEM hydrolate volatiles had more terpene hydrocarbons and less oxidized monoterepenes than those from DEF and SIR. A principal component analysis, with the hydrolate volatile compounds as variables and the samples as cases, has been calculated. Six components with an Eigenvalue greater than 1 were extracted from 23 variables. Figure 3 presents the loadings of the volatile compounds on the first two components. The main volatile constituent, \(\alpha\)-terpineol, as well as myrtnal, had a strong negative loading on component 1; further oxidized sesquiterpenes (terpinen-4-ol, piperitone, cis-p-ment-2-en-1-ol, and trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol) showed a high component 2 loading, while others (cryptone, borneol, and camphor) had weak negative component 1 and component 2 loadings. The terpene hydrocarbons, in contrast, were all highly component 1 loading. The plotting of the first two components for the samples, as displayed in Figure 4, presents samples from SIR mainly with negative factor 1 scores, while those from KEM were mostly positively factor 1 scoring. Therefore, most KEM hydrolate samples appear to differ from those of both other sites. Samples D5, D9, and S7 had higher terpinen-4-ol, piperitone, and trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol in their volatile fractions. Outlier K5 had the highest germacre D and \(\delta\)-cadinene contents. ABisab: \(\alpha\)-Bisabolol, Apin: \(\alpha\)-pinene, Bcar: \(\beta\)-caryophyllene, Bor: borneol, BorAc: bornylacetate, Bphel: \(\beta\)-phellandrene, CadOl: \(\alpha\)-cadinol, Camp: camphor, CMol; cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol, Cryp: cryptone, Dcad: \(\delta\)-cadinene, Gcad: \(\gamma\)-cadinene, GerD: germacreD, Lin: linalool, MeOl: mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, MyrAl: myrrtalen, Picar: trans-Pinocarveol, Piper: piperitone, Spathulenol, T4 Ol: terpinen-4-ol, Tcar: trans-carveol, TerOl: \(\alpha\)-terpineol, Tether: thymolmethylether, TMol: trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol, Tmuu: \(\tau\)-muurolol, and Verb: verbenone.