## 3 Results

Table 2: One sample \(t\)-test results for the dispersion of measurements around the test values (typodont master cast measurements). Figure 5: Measurements of stone casts, printed models, and the typodont master model (mm). HCA (\(p<0.01\)) dimensions. The measurements for the stone casts generated by the ALG impression material were lower than those for the master cast in the HAPC (\(p>0.05\)), HCA (\(p<0.001\)) and V (\(p<0.001\)) dimensions but were higher than those for the master cast (\(p<0.001\)) in the HAPS dimension. With the AA impression material, the measurements for the stone casts were lower than those for the master cast in the HAPS (\(p<0.001\)), HAPC (\(p>0.05\)), and V (\(p<0.001\)) dimensions but were higher than those for the master cast (\(p<0.001\)) in the HCA dimension. However, the measurements on the digital models were significantly lower than those for the master cast (\(p<0.001\)) in the HAPS, HAPC, and V dimensions. However, they were significantly higher than those for the master cast (\(p<0.001\)) in the HCA dimension. To test the second hypothesis, a one-way ANOVA was conducted to examine the differences in the accuracy of the casts made using the three impression materials and the digital system. There was a significant difference in the means in the four dimensions of the location (Table 3). Further analysis using [PERSON]'s HSD post hoc test was conducted among the four groups in the four location dimensions (HAPS, HAPC, HCA, and V) (Table 4). A statistically significant difference in the four dimensions (HAPS, HAPC, HCA, and V) of the stone and printed casts were observed among the four groups (ALG, AA, PWAS-2, and DIGITAL) (exception: between AA and PVS-2 in HAPS, HAPC, and HCA dimensions; between ALG and VA in the HAPC dimension; between ALG and PVS-2 in the HAPC dimension; and between AA and DIGITAL in the V dimension). In general, casts made from ALG impression material shrunk in the HAPC, HCA, and V dimensions but expanded in the HAPS dimension. With the AA impression material, the casts showed contraction in the HAPS, HAPC, and V dimensions and expansion in the HCA dimension. Casts made from the PVS-2 impression material contracted in the HAPC and V dimensions but expanded \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Dimension** & **Impression** & **n** & **Mean** & **SD** & **F Statistics (df)** & \(p\) **Value a** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HAPS} & ALG & 10 & 14.91 & 0.08 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 10 & 14.78 & 0.04 & 79.26 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-6}  & PVS-2 & 10 & 14.84 & 0.05 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & DIGITAL & 10 & 15.14 & 0.05 & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HAPC} & ALG & 10 & 40.67 & 0.18 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 10 & 40.75 & 0.08 & 28.41 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-6}  & PVS-2 & 10 & 40.74 & 0.09 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & DIGITAL & 10 & 41.11 & 0.08 & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HCA} & ALG & 10 & 44.40 & 0.11 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 10 & 44.74 & 0.07 & 65.02 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-6}  & PVS-2 & 10 & 44.64 & 0.07 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & DIGITAL & 10 & 44.90 & 0.07 & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{V} & ALG & 10 & 4.06 & 0.06 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 10 & 4.11 & 0.02 & 56.37 & \multirow{4}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-6}  & PVS-2 & 10 & 4.25 & 0.02 & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & DIGITAL & 10 & 4.12 & 0.02 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* A one-way ANOVA was used. The significance level was set at 0.05. SD, standard deviation; ALG, alginate; AA, alginate alternative; PVS-2, two-step putty–light body polyvinyl siloxane; HAPS, horizontal anteroposterior straight; HAPC, horizontal anteroposterior curved; HCA, horizontal cross-arch; V, vertical; df, degrees of freedom; ANOVA, analysis of variance.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Comparison of dimensional accuracy (mm) between ALG, AA, PVS-2 generated casts and digitally printed models using a one-way ANOVA. in the HAPS and HCA dimensions. However, DIGITAL models showed expansion in the HCA dimension and contraction in the HAPS, HAPC, and V dimensions.