## 2 Literature Review  
Several studies have used solar thermal or biomass for power generation, but there are limited studies on using solar and biomass in hybrid systems. [PERSON] et al. [6] looked at the hybrid solar biomass plant's technical, financial, and environmental elements and the necessary resources for deployment and operation. The authors found that hybrid power plants increase the rate of electricity output while mitigating the drawbacks of single-resource plants. They also discussed the possibilities of similar systems in India and other nations. For the CSP plants to be profitable, they are usually constructed in regions that fall between 15- and 40-degree latitude in the subtropical zone in both the northern and southern hemispheres. These regions include the following: Australia, the Southwest of the United States, the Middle East, North Africa, Western China, and Northern Mexico [7]. [PERSON] et al. [8] presented the results of [PERSON]'s selection of possible regions for hybrid CSP-biomass in a case study of Senegal. The direct normal irradiation (DNI) of the discovered locations is greater than 1600 kWh/m\({}^{2}\) annually. The authors pointed out that the special reduction in CSP-biomass hybrid plants permits locations between 1400 kWh/m\({}^{2}\) per year and 2000 kWh/m\({}^{2}\) per year. According to [PERSON] et al. [9], a standalone CSP plant requires DNI values of more than 20 MJ/m\({}^{2}\) per day (about 2000 kWh/m\({}^{2}\) year), with a high biomass potential. As suggested for hybrid solar-biomass systems, [PERSON] et al. [10] investigated the integration of a solar power tower with a solid particle fluidized system in a beam-down arrangement. While studying such a system, problems with reactor scaling, continuous supply/syngas production, and operating temperature were encountered. The goal is to develop a high-temperature hybrid solar-biomass system that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and direct biomass combustion while increasing the efficiency of converting sunlight into fuel. The Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) is an essential indicator for determining the economic sustainability of renewable energy projects, such as hybrid solar thermal power plants. LCOE is the per-unit cost of building and operating a producing plant during its lifespan, considering startup capital, operational costs, and predicted energy production. Recent research emphasizes the viability of hybrid solar thermal systems that include biomass or other renewable energy sources. The following examples clarify some of these studies and research from around the world. According to [PERSON] et al. 's study [11] of the Portuguese Algarve region's renewable resource potential for CSP facilities, the region could generate 1244 GWh from biomass sources, 30 GWh from wood processing and agricultural byproducts, and 219 GWh from biogas produced by sewage treatment plants. The study discovered that a 4 MW\({}_{\text{el}}\) hybrid CSP--biogas power plant could have the lowest LCOE of 0.15 EUR/kWh. This system, which combined atmospheric volumetric central receiver system technology with anaerobic digestion of wastewater treatment plant sludge, had a 13-year payback period and an internal rate of return of 11%. [PERSON] et al. [12] reported that solar towers are the optimal CSP technology for hybrid systems' combined heat and power (CHP) generation. According to the study, combining CSP with biomass can generate 50 MW of energy. The hybrid system had a higher annual net solar-to-electric efficiency of 18.13% compared to 15.79% for standalone CSP. It also had a lower LCOE of 0.077 USD/kWh compared to 0.192 USD/kWh. Additionally, the annual biomass consumption is reduced by 22.53% compared to a single-biomass power system with the same capacity. [PERSON] et al. [13] presented research on a 10 MW hybrid power plant with an annual DNI of 2000 kWh/m\({}^{2}\) that uses biomass and a parabolic trough collector (PTC).