## 4 Results
### Experiment 2: Layout Complexity Handling  
The experiment aims to evaluate the adaptability and precision of visual text generation models when it is tasked with producing complex text layouts. This experiment challenges models to handle a variety of textual structures, ranging from simple single-line horizontal text to intricate multi-line formats, including curved text and dynamically sized or positioned content. In addition, it tests how well models integrate text with complex visual elements, such as optical illusions and interwoven natural patterns. The prompts span a spectrum from short, focused inputs, such as event invitations and posters, to extensive paragraph-level content found in legal documents, scientific papers, and historical texts. By examining performance in this diverse set of scenarios, the experiment seeks to measure the capacity of the models to generate visually coherent and contextually accurate outputs, providing critical insights into their potential for real-world applications. The specific categories and examples of layout prompts used in this experiment are summarized in the table below (Table 5). Tables 6 and 7 shows examples of images generated by the three evaluated models--Ideogram, DALL-E 3, and SD 3.5 Large in various task categories. The prompts are as follows. Figure 3: Evaluation of model performance for Experiment 1: weighted, human, and alignment scores. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Category** & **Description** \\ \hline General Text Layout & \\ Prompts & Circular Text, Vertical and Horizontal Mix \\ Advanced & Fusion with Ambigrams, Text Interwoven in Natural Patterns, \\ Contextual Blending & Optical Illusions(Impossible Geometry Text, Hidden Depth \\ Perception Text) & \\ Short Multi-Line & Event Invitation, Short Poem Poster, Educational Poster, Recipe \\ Text Prompts (1–10 & Card, Fitness Tips Poster, Conference Agenda, Inspirational Story \\ lines) & Poster, Workshop Poster, Graduation Speech Excerpt \\  & Community Announcement, Newspaper Article, Scientific \\ Long Multi-Line & Research Paper, Novel Page, Legal Document, Historical Letter, \\ Text Prompts & Instruction Manual, Historical Document, Academic Essay, Terms \\  & and Conditions Document \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Categories and descriptions for text layout prompts. 1. A galaxy spiral where the stars and nebulae form the phrase 'Across the Universe' in a perfect circular arc, blending seamlessly with the celestial background. 2. A modern travel brochure cover with the destination name 'Santorini' written horizontally in large, bold letters. The tagline 'Discover Paradise' is written vertically along the right-hand side in stylish cursive. The background features a picturesque view of blue-domed buildings and a clear sky. 3. A surreal landscape inspired by melting clocks, where the phrase 'Echoes of Time' is integrated into the flowing forms of the clock faces. The background features dreamlike skies in orange and purple tones. 4. A shattered mirror with the phrase 'Breaking Reality' integrated into the shards. The text appears fragmented across the pieces, reflecting different angles of the surreal background. 5. A cinematic medium shot of the word 'Freedom' appearing as part of a breaking chain. The chain is made of the letters of the word 'Freedom'. As the chain breaks, the fragments fly outward. The background is dark. There are glowing sparks highlighting the action. 6. A travel brochure with eight lines of descriptive text about a destination: \"Discover the beauty of the Swiss Alps. Breathtaking mountain views. Crystal-clear alpine lakes. Charming villages and local cuisine. Perfect for skiing and snowboarding. Hiking trails for all skill levels. Enjoy scenic train rides. Your adventure starts here!\" The text is interspersed with images of the Alps. 7. A visually appealing image with a calming and professional background.