# A New Reform of Mining Production and Management Modes under Industry 4.0: Cloud Mining Mode
## 1 Introduction  
Industry 4.0 [1, 2, 3] refers to the use of CPSs (cyber-physical systems) to digitize the supply, manufacturing, and sales information in production, and finally achieve fast, effective, and personalized product supply. When people mention the era of Industry 4.0, they will think of its many characteristics: interconnection, data, integration, innovation, and transformation; its core feature is interconnection--that is, equipment, production lines, factories, suppliers, products, and customers are linked together. Therefore, the technology of cloud computing and the Internet of Things is constantly developing. Many large enterprises have taken advantage of public and private clouds to move some workloads from premises to the cloud because it is more cost-effective. In addition, this gives workers flexible forms of work organization. Workers will be freed from monotonous, routine work to focus on innovation and value-added services. Under the wave of Industry 4.0, many countries are undergoing a deep integration of industrialization and informatization. Advanced technologies (such as IoT, AI, big data, cloud computing, edge computing, digital twins, etc.) have been applied to many industries and fields [4, 5]. These technologies have also fully penetrated the intelligent construction of mining enterprises. At present, the social division of labor is becoming more and more refined and professional [6]. How can information and knowledge be obtained and shared at a lower cost and with higher efficiency? How can the collaboration method be more efficient and convenient? How to iteratively innovate the business system and development model? The digital transformation of mining enterprises is facing greater challenges, but also brings many opportunities. COVID-19 has affected the work and life of people around the world, especially as people are forced to work remotely and collaborate online. In turn, this brings great impetus to the transformation of enterprise operation and management modes. \"Cloud technologies, cloud resources, and cloud services\" are booming and becoming important driving forces behind the digital transformation of enterprises [7; 8; 9; 10]. The \"cloud mode\" of remote collaboration, distributed management, service sharing, and pay-as-you-go is gradually showing its value. Enterprises are gradually moving from closed to open; from independent existence to cooperation and sharing. The cloud business model will give full play to the value of digital transformation, such as by promoting organizational structure optimization, innovating business processes, and changing management modes [11; 12]. Therefore, based on the status quo of the mining industry, existing pain points, and development trends, combined with the development of IT technologies and the development of business models, we propose a new mining production and operation model. We hope to guide the further development of related industries, management modes, and technologies. We review the construction process and status, and summarize the challenges and development trends existing in mine operations (Section 2). We propose the CM mode (cloud mining mode) and its definition, connotations, and composition (Section 3). We describe the technical architecture and application characteristics of the CM mode--especially the way to change its status (Section 4). We also describe three application scenarios of cloud mining, and three stages and key points of gradual realization (Section 5). The new mode constructs an industrial ecosystem of sharing, interconnection, and cooperation; it embodies the collaboration from mining technology to production management, from system construction to operation and maintenance, from owner to service, and from front end to back end. The new mode mainly solves the synergy problems in the group operation of mining enterprises and the cooperation problems between related enterprises.