# Smart Mobility and Aspects of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure: A Data Viewpoint
## 2 Smart Mobility Development
### Further Development  
Meeting the objectives defined in the Smart Mobility concept will bring several key solutions that should ensure a higher level of traffic using advanced information and communication technologies. Travel will be easier and smoother, traffic management efficiency will be increased and information on traffic intensity will be provided over time, which will allow prediction and optimization of planning and information on free parking spaces will be available. The overall architecture and mode of shared transport will be proposed, which will affect every single inhabitant of the city. The aim of the transformation is primarily to turn transport as a product into a mobility service (Mobility-as-a-Service).  
Figure 2: Shared Transport Smart Mobility Objective based on [15].  
Mobility services will be a part of the lives of residents. As the population increases, it is important to effectively design a mode of transport for many people in a limited range of the physical capacity of the transport infrastructure. It is also important to respect the degree of environmental friendliness of the means of transport, together with sustainability. The introduction of low-emission and emission-free zones will bring a new perspective on shared transport, where bicycles and scooters will not only be an exceptional transport option but a common part of people's daily lives.  
With the advent of new technologies in the automotive industry, we are increasingly faced with the concept of autonomous vehicles, which are often seen as an important element of Smart Mobility.  
The definition of an autonomous vehicle (AV) can be understood as a vehicle capable of sensing the surrounding environment, evaluating the traffic situation and performing activities and maneuvers without the need for human intervention. It is not at all necessary for a person to take control of the vehicle or to be in the vehicle at all. An AV is able to drive on the same roads, evaluate traffic situations (react more quickly in crisis situations), do everything as an experienced human driver. The SAE has defined six levels of driving automation--from level 0 (fully manual) to level 5 (full autonomy) [16]. These six categories are divided into two groups of three levels. The first group consists of levels 0-2 inclusive, where the driver monitors the environment around him. The second group are levels 3-5 inclusive, where the environment is monitored by an automated system capable of reacting in time based on the information obtained (Figure 3).  
The development of technologies to support autonomous vehicles and their future is exciting. Technological backgrounds, radars and sensors receive a wealth of support in their improvement, use and adjustment. According to a published study by the Ponemon Institute entitled \"Securing the Connected Car: A Study of Automotive Industry Cybersecurity Practices\", connected vehicles (as well as autonomous vehicles) have a rich background in physical safety (seat belts, airbags and others). Today, physical safety is  
Figure 3: Classification and description of individual levels of autonomy according to SAE [17].  
relatively well covered, as is also reported in the annual decrease in road accident deaths based on European Commission statistics (Figure 4) [18].  
According to the study by the Ponemon Institute, the field of cybersecurity is falling behind. It is also necessary to add digital security features to vehicles. When it comes to putting intelligent and connected vehicles into real traffic, today's vehicles are not ready in the area of digital security. Therefore, it is extremely important to pay attention to digital security [19]. This document is based on a survey of approximately 590 professionals, where more than 2/3 of respondents accepted the need to increase cyber security and described the area as \"urgent\".