## 3 Results and Discussion
### Teleconnection Patterns
In contrast to NAO, significant correlations between ENSO 3.4 and temperature in California are infrequent and mainly linked at some coastal stations in February and March (Figure 10). These results concur with earlier research that highlights the slight correlation with temperature [18]. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is both a global-scale complex teleconnection pattern of the tropical atmosphere and the dominant mode of intraseasonal tropical vari  
Figure 10: Percentage of meteorological stations in the State of California with significant correlations (positive in red, negative in blue) between ENSO and temperature. Figure 3:0 Percentage of meteorological stations in the State of California with significant correlations (positive in red, negative in blue) between NAO and temperature. ability [85]. One commonly used index for defining MJO is the real-time multivariate index RMM. The two principal components RMM1 and RMM2 have been shown to be useful indices of the MJO and related variability [90]. Firstly, MJO is represented as a two-dimensional phase space defined by RMM1 and RMM2. The union of these two gives as a result eight equatorial phases of this teleconnection pattern. In the light of the results of the correlation of these indexes with the average temperature in California, January and November are the months that showed the highest positive correlation. More precisely, RMM1 (Figure 11) did not seem to have any relation with temperatures over the period studied in California while RMM2 (Figure 12) showed the highest percentage of significant positive correlation in November (41.3%) and January (20.3%). One of the reasons for these results, which are consistent with other research, could be that RMM1 describes the situation when an MJO produces enhanced convection at the Maritime Continent while RMM2 has enhanced convection over the Pacific Ocean [86; 87] closer to California State. [PERSON] et al. (2020) found that the occurrences of MJO activity at RMM phase locations 4, 5 and 6 during boreal winter are related to the PDO index, particularly in the negative phases. Phases 6-7 of MJO are related to the convective anomaly in the western Pacific that affects the weather in the United States, where warm anomalies were found particularly in mid-latitude temperature and probably related to PNA [85]. The Arctic (AO) and Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) showed in most months less correlation with temperature than the other teleconnection patterns (Figures A1 and A2). Contrary to previous findings [27], AO has a statistically significant positive correlation with the temperature at a large fraction of stations in March (18.6%), May (26.7%), June (41.3%) and July (20.9%), while statistically significant positive correlation is found in December (63.4%) (Figure 4). In fact, both negative and positive phases of this oscillation are related to warmer conditions in the Pacific mid-latitudes, where EPO grows stronger. The AAO, which in its positive phase is characterized by a negative pressure anomaly surrounding Antarctica and increased zonal mean sea level pressure difference between 40S and 65S [92] is the pattern that seems to have small effect on the average temperatures in California (Figure A2). It is important to note that AAO is the pattern that seems to affect average temperatures the least in California (Figure A2). Figure 3:1 Percentage of meteorological stations in the State of California with significant correlations (positive in red, negative in blue) between RMM1 index of MJO and temperature.