## 7 Conclusions  
In order to compute the uncombined bias products for GPS L1/L2/L5, Galileo E1/E5a/E5b/E6, Beidou B1/B2a/B2b/B3A, and Glonass G1/G2, CNES has developed a demonstrator called PPP-WIZARD. This demonstrator gathers measurements from 154 ground stations on Earth and disseminates the computed products in SSR and RTCM standards through the IGS. In addition to the network side of the demonstrator, a user side has been set up in order to assess the benefit of using the computing code and phase OSB for positioning in an uncombined and undifferenced manner, leading to the ability to perform PPP with AR. The CNES biases have been compared to existing code and phase OSB products from the School of Geodesy and Geomatics at Wuhan University. The biases have then been used to perform PPP with AR and with the introduced PPP-Snapshot mode in a scenario involving a static receiver in a geodetic station and a moving receiver on a car. The experimental results comparing the real-time products and the post-processed ones showed that the latter drastically improved the positioning accuracy but cannot be used for real-time applications. The academic and commercial assessments conducted by external partners help enforce the quality of the products.  
Conceptualization, D.L.; Formal analysis, D.L. and A.B.; Investigation, C.G.; Methodology, D.L.; Project administration, D.L.; Software, E.B., T.J., M.L., N.L. and A.L.; Validation, C.G., A.B., E.B., T.J., M.L., N.L. and A.L.; Writing--original draft, C.G. and D.L.; Writing--review and editing, E.B., T.J., M.L., N.L. and A.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
The orbit and clock products as well as the observation data of the ground stations were obtained in the framework of the MGEX experiment from the online archives of the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS): [[https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily](https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily)]([https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily](https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily)) (accessed on 30 June 2023). The CNES real-time and post-processed products can be freely downloaded from [[http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/REAL_TIME/](http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/REAL_TIME/)]([http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/REAL_TIME/](http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/REAL_TIME/)) (accessed on 30 June 2023) and [[http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/POST_PROCESSED/](http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/POST_PROCESSED/)]([http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/POST_PROCESSED/](http://www.ppp-wizard.net/products/POST_PROCESSED/)) (accessed on 30 June 2023). The SGG products have been retrieved from [[http://igmas.users.sgg.whu.edu.cn/products/download/directory/products/osb/2202](http://igmas.users.sgg.whu.edu.cn/products/download/directory/products/osb/2202)]([http://igmas.users.sgg.whu.edu.cn/products/download/directory/products/osb/2202](http://igmas.users.sgg.whu.edu.cn/products/download/directory/products/osb/2202)) (accessed on 30 June 2023).  
The contributions of colleagues contributing to the IGS services are gratefully acknowledged. We also want to thank NRcan, Hemisphere, and U-Blox for their independent validation of phase biases. A large part of GNSS data used in this paper was obtained from the CNES/IGN REGINA Project ([[https://regina.cnes.fr/](https://regina.cnes.fr/)]([https://regina.cnes.fr/](https://regina.cnes.fr/)), accessed on 12 July 2023). We also would like to thank the School of Geodey and Geomatics at Wuhan University who gently made their OSB products freely available to the scientific community.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.