## 4 Conclusions  
The adsorption experiments show that the organ shells used were very effective in removing emerging contaminants such as diclofenac and caffeine at relatively low concentrations in aqueous medium. Adsorption tests showed that the equilibrium time was 60 and 90 min for Dic and Caf, respectively. The adsorption of Dic and Caf on activated carbon (AC) from organ nutshells is perfectly described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The highest adsorption capacity determined by the mathematical model of Langmuir was about 126 mg/g for Dic and 210 mg/g for Caf. The thermodynamic parameters  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Type of Analysis**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Parameter Study**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Type of Sample**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Std. Error**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**95\% Confidence Interval**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Test ANOVA**} \\ \cline{4-9}  & & & & & **Lower Bound** & **Upper Bound** & **F** & **Sig.** \\ \hline Effect of adsorbent dose on adsorption yield of Caffe and Diclofenac (\%) & Adsorption yield, Diclofenac (\%) & AC & 72.448 & 10.416 & 46.960 & 97.937 & 0.001 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.000 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Effect of Concentration on the adsorption capacity of Caffe and Diclofenac & Adsorption yield, Diclofenac (\%) & AC & 60.466 & 9.654 & 36.343 & 84.089 & 0.002 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.000 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Effect of contact time on adsorption capacity of Caffe and Diclofenac & Adsorption capacity, Caffe (mg/g) & AC & 79.509 & 15.820 & 11.438 & 147.579 & 0.002 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.000 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Effect of Concentration on the adsorption capacity of Caffe and Diclofenac & Adsorption capacity, Diclofenac (mg/g) & AC & 80.226 & 12.080 & 28.247 & 132.206 & 0.001 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.000 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Effect of contact time on adsorption capacity of Caffe and Diclofenac & Adsorption capacity, Caffe (mg/g) & AC & 91.839 & 1.619 & 87.675 & 96.002 & 0.003 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.001 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Effect of temperature on adsorption of Caffe and Diclofenac & Adsorption capacity, Caffe (mg/g) & AC & 76.133 & 4.123 & 65.534 & 86.733 & 0.002 & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.000 \\ S \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Values are averages \(\pm\) standard deviation of triplicate analysis. Data obtained were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). NS: Non-significant (\(p>0.05\)). S: Significant (\(p<0.05\)). AC: Activated carbons from organ nutshells.} \\ \end{tabular} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: Analysis of variance (F-test) of the effects on the adsorption of caffeine and diclofenac by the activated carbons from organ nutshells (AC).  
linked to the studied absorbent/adsorbate system show that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic for diclofenac and endothermic for caffeine. Therefore, the chemical activation of organ shells improves its adsorption capacity. Thus, we can offer an adsorption material at low cost that can possibly contribute to the protection of the environment, especially in the purification of water. The valorization of Moroccan organ shells has been highlighted in this work.  
Conceptualization, B.B., D.C.-P. and F.E.M.; Funding acquisition, A.M.; Investigation, B.B., D.C.-P. and F.E.M.; Methodology, Y.E.Z., R.M., A.M., J.M.Q. and M.H.Z.; Supervision, Y.E.Z., A.M. and M.H.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.