## 2 Methods
### The Equipment, Measurements, and Experimental Approach  
Standardized CEN and ISO analytical methods were used to determine the VOC concentrations and CO\({}_{2}\) and formaldehyde concentrations in the indoor air of the building. Selection of the sampling points was made with the BREEAM assessor in two representative office zones per tested floor and a minimum of two floors. The building was tested three days after formal final finishing works at the pre-occupancy stage with no users inside. For this office building, the tests were conducted on the 55 th and 47 th floors. Air samples were collected using an active sampling procedure with an electronic mass flow controller, which controlled the air flow (10 dm\({}^{3}\)/h for VOC tests and up to 30 dm\({}^{3}\)/h for formaldehyde tests). Indoor samples were set up in selected representative office locations, approximately 1.5 m above the floor, away from windows, doors, potential emission sources, and direct \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Office** & **Facade View** & **Indoor View** & **Life-Stage** & **Number of Floors** & **Net Area (m\({}^{2}\))** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**IAQ Assessed**} \\ \cline{5-6}
**Building** & **Facade View** & **Indoor View** & **Life-Stage** & **Number of Floors** & **Net Area (m\({}^{2}\))** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**IAQ Assessed**} \\ \cline{5-6}
**Certificate** & & & & & **Area (m\({}^{2}\))** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Number of Floors**} \\ \hline BREEA & & & & & & \\ Mexcellent & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Information on the building in the case study. sunlight. Air samples were tested in accordance with the ISO 16000-6:2011 and ISO 16000-3:2011 standards. The VOCs were assessed using tubes filled with Tenax adsorbent. Then, they were thermally desorbed using a thermal desorption apparatus (TD-20, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan). The process of separation and analysis of volatile compounds was achieved using a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass spectrometer (GC/MS) (model: GCMS-QP2010, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan). The following GC oven temperature program was applied: initial temperature 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C for five min, 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C per min to 260 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the final temperature of 260 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 1 min. The 1:10 split ratio injection mode was applied. The method used has a limit of quantification of 2 \(\mu\)g/m\({}^{3}\). The volatile compounds were identified by comparing the retention times of chromatographic peaks with the retention times of reference compounds and by searching the NIST data base (National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) mass spectral database. Identified compounds were quantified using a relative identification factor obtained from standard solution calibration curves. TVOC was calculated by summing identified and unidentified compounds eluting between n-hexane and n-hexadecane. In order to determine volatile aldehydes, air samples were taken via cassettes using a solid absorbent silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrilophenyl hydrazine (2,4-DNPH), and then subjected to a laboratory test using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-Vis detection (Dionex 170S, Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and an isocratic pump (Dionex P580A, Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). The described method has a limit of quantification at 2 \(\mu\)g/m\({}^{3}\). Other IEQ\({}_{\text{index}}\) components were tested as follows. The acoustic tests confirming the designed values were carried out by the measurement of the equivalent sound levels, LAeq, in the selected locations. The measurements were carried out during the daytime (starting at 11:00). The following equipment was used for the measurements: Bruel&Kjaer 4231 acoustic calibrator (Bruel&Kjaer, Narum, Denmark), Nor-121 analyzer (Norsonic, Tranby, Norway), Briel&Kjaer 4165 measuring microphones (Bruel&Kjaer, Narum, Denmark), analyzer with microphone Norsonic-140 (Norsonic, Tranby, Norway).