## 6 Future Research Perspectives  
Specialized plant metabolites are highly valued across numerous fields, especially in medicine, where they are used to alleviate or even cure ailments. While this review excludes certain well-known groups of _Cannabis_ specialized metabolites such as terpenids and cannabinoids, it underscores the therapeutic potential of other specialized metabolites in _Cannabis_[130], specifically phenolic compounds (like flavonoids and stilbenes) and nitrogen-containing compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acid amides and their dimers, lignanamides, and alkaloids. Decades of research centered primarily on cannabinoids--coupled with the historical and, in many regions, ongoing illegal status of _Cannabis_--have hindered the study of these other fascinating metabolites by emphasizing the psychoactive aspect of _Cannabis_. However, the traditional usage of _Cannabis_ indicates that only a small proportion of the plant's utilization concerns its psychoactive properties [11]. Among these underexplored compounds, spermidine-type alkaloids in _Cannabis_ are notably overlooked; neither their biosynthetic pathways nor their biological activity have been thoroughly characterized, even after 50 years following their chemical identification. Similarly, lignanamides have attracted little research interest, with scarce and unclear explanations for their biosynthesis, despite some findings demonstrating promising biological activity in vitro. This oversight persists despite their potential significance, both in planta and as therapeutic agents. Lignanamides are diverse in number and structure and share many similar biological activities, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. _Cannabis_ lignanamides are often studied from the seeds, where many of them are found, and this gives credit to hemp seed nutraceuticalal prowess, potentially helpful for preventing diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and general neuroinflammation [131]. Furthermore, their antiproliferative capacities in vitro suggest potential in treating numerous cancers, a disease with increasing prevalence. However, reports also mention their presence in _Cannabis_ roots, warranting their use in research, especially considering that _Cannabis_ alkaloids are also present in the roots. In contrast, _Cannabis_ HCAAs are far better studied and understood, in part because of their distribution in many plant species used in traditional medicine. They display many nutraceuticalal activities, like antioxidant, senomorphic, and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as therapeutical activities like antiproliferative, anti-tyrosinase, antimicrobial, antifungal, and lipophagic activities. Their presumed deterrent activity against insects and herbivores could suggest that analogues of these compounds could be used as alternative pesticides. Phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and stillenes, are somewhat better represented in the literature, with well-documented biosynthetic pathways and considerable research into their therapeutic properties in vitro, but not so much in vivo. _Cannabis_ flavonoids seem to be an interesting class of molecules, exhibiting impressive anti-inflammatory activity, solid potential in inhibiting and attenuating neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-nociceptive activities. _Cannabis_ stillenes are numerous, but few have been investigated for biological activity, but those that have show similar activity. Among them, the well-known denbinobin has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-metastasis activities. Canniprene also exhibits anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities, and cannabispirenone exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. The similar activity of _Cannabis_ stillenes is peculiar, which may be indicative of a lack of exploration in their possible activity, or rather, of a mechanism inherent to their structure, possibly indicating that they would be interesting candidates in cancer drug discovery.