## 5 Conclusions
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Parameter,** & **Anomalies before** & **Anomalies after** & **Difference of** & **Estimated** & **Is the Result** \\
**Period Band** & **the Earthquake** & **the Earthquake** & **the Anomalies** & **Uncertainty** & **Significant?** \\ \hline _Ne_, 2–10 s & 3157 & 3337 & \(-180\) (\(-5.4\%\)) & 58 & Yes, but \\  & Norm: 3136 & Norm: 3360 & Norm: \(-224\) (\(-6.7\%\)) & & post-seismic \\ \hline _Ne_, 10–25 s & 4661 & 4562 & 99 (2.2\%) & 68 & Yes \\  & Norm: 4669 & Norm: 4554 & 114 (2.5\%) & & \\ \hline _Ne_, 25–50 s & 13,033 & 12,538 & 495 (3.9\%) & 114 & Yes \\  & Norm: 12,991 & Norm: 12,579 & Norm: 413 (3.3\%) & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* Such difference is not significant if we take into account the normalization, i.e., it could be due to unbalanced geomagnetic activity in the investigated period.  
\end{table} 
Table 4: _Cont._All the results in this paper have been tested with the \"confusion matrix\" approach, reaching an accuracy from 75% to 95% and an alarmed time-space from 0.7% to 19.1%. The real results show a predicting capability that is 1.67 times better than that of a random predictor, according to the AUC of the ROC curve, which further proves a prediction capability of the best detected ionospheric anomalies by WSC. The future perspective of this work can include, but is not limited to, an improvement of the anomaly definition criteria and the extension to a larger dataset and to other satellites such as CSES-01. By the way, CNSA, together with the Italian Space Agency (ASI), is preparing a second CSES-02 satellite that is planned to be launched next year, forming the first-ever pair of satellites fully dedicated to searching for the possible ionospheric precursors of strong earthquakes. Finally, we think that this study is fundamental to assessing the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling mechanism and for a future prediction system. Further, it integrates such kinds of studies with seismological investigations of the Earth's surface and chemical-physical analyses of the atmosphere (e.g., a preliminary comparison between magnetic anomalies and atmospheric surface temperature has been performed by [PERSON] et al. [51]). So, as the earthquake is a complex phenomenon, by looking at all of the geo-layers together (as suggested in the \"Geosystems\" approach by [PERSON] et al. [52]), it will be possible to better understand its physical features in its preparation phase and, hopefully, predict it one day. **Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/rs14112649/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/rs14112649/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/rs14112649/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/rs14112649/s1)), Figure S1: Example of data processing to extract the anomaly, Figure S2: WSC applied to _Swarm_ mag. from \(-500\) to 500 days, Figure S3: WSC applied to _Swarm_ mag. from \(-1000\) days until the earthquake origin time, Figure S4: WSC applied to the shuffled magnitude earthquake catalog, Figure S5: Fit of anticipation time versus signal period, Table S1: Statistical evaluation of the results for the _Swarm_ magnetic field, Figure S6: WSC applied to _Swarm_ _Ne_ with four different methods, Figure S7: WSC applied to _Swarm_ _Ne_ from \(-500\) to 500 days, Figure S8: WSC applied to _Swarm_ _Ne_ in five earthquake magnitude bands, Table S2: Statistical evaluation of the results for the _Swarm_ _Ne_, Figure S9: Comparison of the Rikitake law coefficients obtained in this work with the previous ones. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, D.M. and A.D.S. ; methodology, D.M., A.D.S. and S.A.C. ; software, D.M., S.A.C. and M.S. ; validation, S.A.C. and M.S. ; formal analysis, D.M. ; investigation, D.M. ; resources, K.Z. and D.M. ; data curation, D.M. ; interpretation, D.M. and A.D.S. ; writing--original draft preparation, D.M. ; writing--review and editing, all authors; visualization, D.M. ; supervision, A.D.S. and K.Z. ; project administration, K.Z., D.M. and A.D.S.