# Information Security Applications in Smart Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis of Emerging Research
## 5 Discussion
### Addressing the Research Questions
Through this figure, we can see that the evaluation of threats to cybersecurity and security platforms are great \"providers\" within the set since several sectors within smart cities require constant monitoring and adequate analysis to detect threats, such as cyberattacks, and these assessments are fundamental to support the structuring and operationalization of security platforms. In turn, security platforms constitute essential components in smart cities to guarantee the dynamics of security in related systems, including smart grids, providing means for continuous evaluation of threats and preventing any kind of unauthorized access. Another address that can be given to RQ2, as detected in the literature, is when it comes to the service provision sector. The most notable is energy supply, which gained prominence in a cluster that contained the largest number of jobs compared to the other clusters. However, other sectors receive several mentions in the literature, with the healthcare area being one of the most prominent. Table 3 indicates, for example, the work by [PERSON] et al. [155] in the line of IoT in medicine and healthcare as the one with the highest number of citations within the bibliographic base built for the bibliometric review. The third most cited work, by [PERSON] et al. [101], is also related to healthcare, proposing a framework based on blockchain for electronic health records. By the way, several of the works among the most cited are about the blockchain and related technologies appear in seven works (see [101; 225; 242; 252; 369; 372; 375]). Blockchain, as a set of technologies for databases to ensure transparent data sharing, can be considered a core concept for the project of security platforms and systems in smart cities, being a transversal technical area that can be considered for smart grids and healthcare information security. Other areas, such as urban planning and building [54], transport/vehicles, and traffic control systems [56; 372; 374], can also be mentioned here as highlighted, as they are critical for the proper operation of smart cities, delivering quality of life and effective services to citizens. RQ3--What research has the most influence on the application of information security and smart cities? This question is also easily answered by the list of works in Table 3. It is intertwined with the comments made in the last two paragraphs of the previous section dedicated to RQ2. Following, the objectives of the top five most cited works are presented. [PERSON] et al. [155], with 1001 citations, presented a survey of IoT Health and put forth a holistic eHealth ecosystem that encompasses various layers, including mobile health, assisted living, e-medicine, implants, early warning systems, and population monitoring. [PERSON] et al. [54], with 996 citations, presented the proposal of a complete smart city architecture, also considering urban panning with data analysis on Big Data based on IoT. [PERSON] et al. [101], with 746 citations, presented the proposal of a blockchain-powered framework designed to enable secure, seamless, and efficient access to medical records for patients, healthcare providers, and third parties while maintaining the privacy of sensitive patient information. [PERSON] et al. [369], also with 746 citations, introduced a security framework that combines blockchain technology with smart devices, creating a secure communication platform within a smart city. [PERSON] et al. [15], with 640 citations, presented a survey on cybersecurity challenges, exploring two interconnected challenges, namely security and privacy. Additionally, they introduced a model for the interactions among individuals, servers, and IoT devices as the key elements in a smart city, emphasizing the necessity to safeguard these interactions.