## 5 Basic Testing  
To evaluate the performance of the IoT testbed, a series of basic tests focused on the functionality of the different wireless interfaces and sensors were conducted in a controlled environment. The aim of these tests was to ensure that the wireless interfaces and sensors were functioning correctly and were able to communicate with the openHAB platform. The collected data were analyzed to determine if the sensors were producing accurate and reliable data.  
One of the key tests performed was to verify the connectivity and functionality of the wireless protocols supported by the testbed, such as ZigBee, Z-Wave, and Wi-Fi. Tests were also conducted to ensure the compatibility of the wireless protocols with different types of sensors and actuators. These tests were necessary to confirm that the devices could communicate with the openHAB platform and be controlled by it.  
To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the data collected by the sensors, tests were conducted to measure the precision and repeatability of the sensor readings. These tests ensured that the sensors produced consistent and reliable data, which is essential for the success of any IoT application.  
The collected data were analyzed using statistical methods and the results were compared to the expected values for the sensors under test. These tests allowed for the identification of any errors or inaccuracies in the sensor readings.  
Several studies have reported on the importance of conducting basic testing to evaluate the performance of IoT systems. For example, in a study by [PERSON] [1], basic testing was performed to verify the reliability of wireless communication in a smart home environment. Similarly, in a study by [PERSON] et al. (2020) [28], basic testing was conducted to evaluate the performance of an IoT-based healthcare monitoring system.  
For the wireless interfaces, we tested their connectivity, reliability, and range. The Z-Wave and ZigBee interfaces provided a stable and reliable connection within their specified range, while the Wi-Fi interface provided good coverage and high bandwidth. The 4G-LTE capability was tested as a backup scenario for situations where the Wi-Fi or Ethernet connection was disrupted, and it proved to be a reliable alternative internet connection. To test the reliability of the IR interface, we used the IR bridge to send commands to A/C units of different brands and monitored their response. The tests were successful, indicating the suitability of the IR interface for controlling temperature and humidity.  
We have not performed a formal analysis to compare the accuracy and precision of each sensor, because we believe it is more valuable for the testbed to demonstrate the integration of different technologies and sensors/actuators. Therefore, we have showcased a typical day-use case that utilizes environment data from various technologies and sensors to show their integration and correlation. This use case demonstrates the potential benefits of utilizing an open architecture platform, such as openHAB, which enables seamless integration of different technologies and sensors and provides an abstraction layer that simplifies the end-user experience.