# Echo Analysis in Iberian Bullfighting Arenas Through Objective Parameters and Acoustic Simulation 1
## 4 Results and Discussion
### Echo Criterion EK in the Study Cases
#### 4.2.4 Results in the Bullring of Campo Pequeno
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \(\mathbf{EK_{speech}}\) & \(\mathbf{EK_{music}}\) & \(\mathbf{T_{speech}}\) & \(\mathbf{T_{music}}\) & \(d_{\mathbf{src}}\) (ms) & \(d_{\mathbf{src}}\) (ms) & \(\mathbf{D_{30m}}\) & STI & \(\mathbf{T_{m}}\) (ms) & \\ \hline S1 Ring Centre & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline R1 CO & **1.32** & **64** & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline R1 CO & **1.03** & 1.11 & **111** & 69 & 8.5 & 0.52 & Fair & 0.57 & Fair & 131 & Fair \\ R1 PO & **1.23** & 1.07 & **63** & 68 & 8.7 & 0.49 & Fair & 0.51 & Fair & 128 & Fair \\ R2 CO & **1.01** & 1.15 & **112** & 118 & 15.8 & 0.36 & Fair & 0.52 & Fair & 196 & Fair \\ R7 CO & **1.66** & **72** & & & & & & & & \\ \hline R7 CO & **1.21** & 1.38 & **113** & 77 & 7.1 & 0.64 & Good & 0.57 & Fair & 95 & Good \\ R7 PO & **1.52** & **73** & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline R8 CO & **1.23** & 1.27 & **113** & 78 & 7.0 & 0.70 & Good & 0.58 & Fair & 76 & Good \\ R8 CO & **1.06** & 1.11 & **109** & 112 & 15.9 & 0.36 & Fair & 0.51 & Fair & 207 & Fair \\ R8 PO & **1.05** & 1.14 & **111** & 115 & 15.7 & 0.42 & Fair & 0.48 & Fair & 181 & Fair \\ R13 CO & **1.03** & 1.31 & **114** & 73 & 7.7 & 0.59 & Good & 0.54 & Fair & 108 & Fair \\ R13 PO & **1.57** & & **68** & & & & & & & Good & 101 & Fair \\ R13 PO & **1.08** & 1.32 & **113** & 73 & 7.7 & 0.60 & Good & 0.61 & Good & 101 & Fair \\ \hline S2 Ring Side & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline R1 CO & 1.03 & 0.94 & 43 & 47 & 13.7 & 0.44 & Good & 0.52 & Fair & 168 & Fair \\ R1 PO & 1.09 & 0.99 & 43 & 47 & 13.9 & 0.42 & Fair & 0.51 & Fair & 151 & Fair \\ R7 CO & 1.22 & 1.13 & 50 & 55 & 17.3 & 0.21 & Fair & 0.47 & Fair & 196 & Fair \\ R7 PO & 1.24 & 1.2 & 50 & 55 & 17.4 & 0.23 & Fair & 0.45 & Fair & 187 & Fair \\ R8 CO & 1.21 & 1.29 & 48 & 53 & 25.9 & 0.22 & Fair & 0.55 & Fair & 182 & Fair \\ R8 PO & 1.15 & 1.25 & 48 & 53 & 25.9 & 0.22 & Fair & 0.49 & Fair & 177 & Fair \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 9: Echo and other acoustic parameters in the Lisbon bullring in the two roof configurations: closed oculus (CO) and partially open oculus (PO), in the audience area. In bold interpreted as an echo. Furthermore, there are several receivers where a double echo can be observed for speech, specifically in S1-R1 with the oculus closed and in S1-R7 with either the oculus closed or partially open, and in S1-R13 for the two roof configurations. The intelligibility parameters of these receivers studied show that in this bullring, intelligibility in both the ring and the grandstands is Fair, improving to Good at short source-receiver distances. In the Campo Pequeno bullring, in the two roof configurations, the patterns of impulse responses and curves of decay are very similar. Small differences are due to the absorption of the textile that makes up the mobile roof and to differences in the sessions of measurement, in both the receivers in the spectator areas and those located in the ring. Likewise, the similarity is observed in the values obtained in the echo parameters (EK) in Tables 9 and 10.