# A Practice for the Application of Waste in Road Asphalt Pavements in an Eco-Friendly Way
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Materials
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Group**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Indicator**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Unit**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Base Layer (A\({}_{2}\))**} \\ \cline{3-8}  & & & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{base}}\)** & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{base}\textbf{GW}}\)** & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{base}\textbf{FA}}\)** & **CMRAR\({}_{\textbf{RAP}\textbf{GW}}\)** \\ \hline HP & S & daN & 750 & 864 & 795 & 902 & 956 \\ HP & MS & daN/mm & 340.91 & 320 & 305.77 & 281.88 & 308.39 \\ HP & ITSM 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C & MPa & 960 & 1204 & 1108 & 1490 & 1614 \\ HP & RD & mm & 2 & 1.97 & 1.9 & 1.76 & 1.63 \\ LP & ITSM & MPa & 0.73 & 0.81 & 0.79 & 0.72 & 0.8 \\ LP & ITSM 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C & MPa & 14,700 & 17,895 & 17,050 & 7940 & 8440 \\ LP & ITSM 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C & MPa & 8952 & 9826 & 9307 & 3370 & 3431 \\ LP & Nf & \(n\) of cycles & \(3.16\times 10^{5}\) & \(1.20\times 10^{6}\) & \(9.50\times 10^{5}\) & \(9.20\times 10^{4}\) & \(1.50\times 10^{5}\) \\ MP & ITSR & \% & 93.6 & 95.9 & 97 & 94.4 & 94.6 \\ EHP & GWP & kg CO\({}_{2}\) eq & 164.32 & 159.33 & 154.75 & 130.46 & 123.98 \\ EHP & ODP & kg CFC11 eq & 0.065 & 0.06 & 0.059 & 0.04 & 0.038 \\ EHP & IR & kBqCo-60 eq & 7.155 & 6.02 & 5.75 & 4.249 & 3.727 \\ EHP & OFH & kg NO\({}_{x}\) eq & 0.823 & 0.822 & 0.792 & 0.497 & 0.5 \\ EHP & PM & kg PM2.5 eq & 1.24 & 1.23 & 1.23 & 0.16 & 0.16 \\ EHP & OFT & kg NO\({}_{x}\) eq & 0.896 & 0.871 & 0.864 & 0.508 & 0.511 \\ EHP & A & kg SO\({}_{2}\) eq & 0.589 & 0.589 & 0.552 & 0.395 & 0.403 \\ EHP & FE & kg P eq & 0.021 & 0.019 & 0.018 & 0.015 & 0.013 \\ EHP & ME & kg N eq & 0.198 & 0.198 & 0.197 & 0.197 & 0.197 \\ EHP & T-ECO & kg 1,4-DCB eq & 1153.4 & 1133.78 & 1133.71 & 629.64 & 608.39 \\ EHP & F-ECO & kg 1,4-DCB eq & 5.82 & 5.63 & 5.62 & 4.58 & 4.43 \\ EHP & M-ECO & kg 1,4-DCB eq & 8.48 & 8.1 & 8.07 & 6.44 & 6.22 \\ EHP & CT & kg 1,4-DCB eq & 4.66 & 4.25 & 4.26 & 2.88 & 2.72 \\ EHP & NCT & kg 1,4-DCB eq & 102.06 & 90.82 & 91.96 & 66.75 & 62.9 \\ EHP & LU & m\({}^{2}\)\({}^{\rm{a}}\) crop eq & 13.28 & 10.58 & 10.77 & 10.6 & 10.15 \\ EHP & MR & kg Cu eq & 0.571 & 0.532 & 0.535 & 0.455 & 0.393 \\ EHP & FR & kg Oil eq & 156.75 & 164.49 & 149.19 & 88.61 & 107.12 \\ EHP & W & m\({}^{3}\) & 2.56 & 2.427 & 2.234 & 1.388 & 1.29 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Mechanical characteristics and LCA parameters reported as the decision matrix A\({}_{2}\) for base layer adopted for MCDA. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Group**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Indicator**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Unit**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Binder Layer (A\({}_{1}\))**} \\ \cline{3-8}  & & & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{binder}}\)** & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{binder}\textbf{CW}}\)** & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{binder}\textbf{GW}}\)** & **HMA\({}_{\textbf{binder}\textbf{FA}}\)** \\ \hline LP & ITSM 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C & MPa & 8120 & 7563 & 9582 & 9260 \\ LP & Nf & \(n\) of cycles & \(1.01\times 10^{5}\) & \(9.04\times 10^{4}\) & \(1.81\times 10^{5}\) & \(1.55\times 10^{5}\) \\ MP & ITSR & \% & 93 & 95 & 102 & 96 \\ EHP & GWP & kg CO\({}_{2}\) eq & 162.82 & 170.11 & 161.84 & 157.54 \\ EHP & ODP & kg CFC11 eq & 0.062 & 0.063 & 0.061 & 0.06 \\ EHP & IR & kBqCo-60 eq & 6.29 & 5.01 & 6.12 & 5.82 \\ EHP & OFH & kg NO\({}_{x}\) eq & 0.82 & 0.92 & 0.84 & 0.81 \\ EHP & PM & kg PM2.5 eq & 1.25 & 1.28 & 1.24 & 1.23 \\ EHP & OFT & kg NO\({}_{x}\) eq & 0.91 & 1 & 0.89 & 0.883 \\ EHP & A & kg SO\({}_{2}\) eq & 0.59 & 0.643 & 0.597 & 0.568 \\ EHP & FE & kg P eq & 0.02 & 0.016 & 0.019 & 0.019 \\ EHP & ME & kg N eq & 0.198 & 0.198 & 0.197 & 0.197 \\ EHP & TR & kg Oil eq & 156.75 & 164.49 & 149.19 & 88.61 & 107.12 \\ EHP & W & m\({}^{3}\) & 2.56 & 2.427 & 2.234 & 1.388 & 1.29 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._