###### Abstract
This means that the receiver will receive one message, but this message may be affected by Multipath fading, which can cause errors and distortions in the signal, or, in other words, the receiver would receive only one message affected by multipath fading, and the different signals paths would combine at the receiver to create one composite signal that includes both the original message and the effects of multipath fading [4]. Despite these limitations, Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm are still widely used in satellite communications today, particularly in Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite systems where communication delays are low and the channel conditions are relatively stable. Specifically, Viterbi decoding is used in LEO satellite systems to mitigate the effect of multipath fading, which can cause severe errors in the received signal. The main objective of the article is to assess and compare Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm to other coding techniques employed in satellite communication systems. Focusing specifically on GPS systems, the article will evaluate their ability to correct errors, the level of computational complexity involved, power consumption considerations, and compatibility with existing hardware. Through this analysis, the article seeks to provide a deeper understanding of why Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm are especially well-suited for GPS systems. Other notable satellite communication systems that use Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm include the Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Satellite (ISDB-S) system used in Japan, the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) standard used in North America, and the European Space Agency's (ESA) EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellites. While prior investigations have examined the application of Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm in satellite communication systems, this study surpasses previous work by evaluating various performance metrics. These metrics encompass error correction capabilities, computational complexity, and resilience to diverse forms of errors. Furthermore, practical implementation factors, such as power consumption, computational requirements, and compatibility with existing hardware, are taken into account. Through shedding light on the strengths and weaknesses associated with each coding method, this analysis delivers clear insights into the suitability of Convolutional codes and the Viterbi algorithm for GPS systems. The paper is structured as follows: In Section 2, a comprehensive review of existing research pertaining to error detection and correction codes utilized in satellite communications is presented. This section not only focuses on the efficiency assessment of various codes within communication systems but also includes comparisons between them. Additiontionally, Section 3 offers a detailed functional description of Convolutional Codes and the Viterbi algorithm employed for encoding and decoding information, as well as an exploration of the potential error types encountered during signal transmission, such as single bit errors, random bit errors, and burst bit errors. In Section 4, the advantages of Convolutional Codes and the Viterbi algorithm are discussed in relation to other code types commonly employed in satellite communication systems. Finally, Section 5 provide a concise summary of the findings and draws general conclusions based on the research conducted.