# Cluster-Based Routing Protocol with Static Hub (CRPSH) for WSN-Assisted IoT Networks
## 4 Proposed Protocol
### Cluster Head Selection and Cluster Formation
The REDCL method aggregates data by converging multiple routes of event monitoring devices into a single route. As a result, its packet delivery ratio is more than that of PCMRP. However, under the proposed approach (CRPSH), the hub picks the path and keeps track of each device's remaining energy. When it detects that a device's remaining energy is less than the threshold, it switches to a different path for data transmission. As a result, data loss is minimal. ### Network Lifetime

It is the time duration where the network works perfectly. For each protocol, the network lifetime is illustrated in the Figure 4. The proposed approach clearly outperforms the REDCL and PPCMP in terms of network lifetime. This is because it uses fewer control packets and distributes the workload properly across all the sensor devices. ## 6 Conclusions

This paper proposed a Cluster-based Routing Protocol with Static Hub (CRPSH) for WSN-assisted IoT networks. Sensor devices are often densely distributed across the network, and a monitoring zone may be covered by many sensor devices, resulting in redundant data. In CRPSH, we have used the clustering technique to reduce the dupli

Figure 4: Network Lifetime. Figure 3: Packet Delivery Ratio. cate data. CRPSH lowers the burden on the regular sensor devices and assigns more responsibilities such as clustering, route selection, and energy management to the hub. The network reliability is the main concern for the existing routing protocols. In CRPSH, the multipath approach increases the proposed protocol's reliability. Correspondingly, we compared CRPSH's performance to existing models, such as PCMRP and REDCL, and discovered that CRPSH is energy efficient and extends the network's lifetime and packet delivery ratio. However, CRPSH often suffers from hotspot problems. The devices closer to the hub drain their energy at a faster rate compared with other devices (devices located at a far distance from the hub) as they have to perform more communication, and hence the whole network may become detached or isolated. A mobile hub is a possible solution to the hotspot problem. Conceptualization, R.K.L. ; methodology, H.M.; software, F.A.-T.; validation, C.A. ; formal analysis, R.K.L., M.K. ; investigation, H.M.; resources, F.A.-T., M.K. ; data curation, C.A. ; writing--original draft preparation, R.K.L. ; writing--review and editing, H.M.; visualization, F.A.-T.; supervision, H.M.; project administration, F.A.-T.; funding acquisition, C.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research received no external funding. Not applicable. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript: \begin{tabular}{l l} CH & Cluster Heads \\ CM & Cluster Members \\ LLNs & Low-power and Lossy networks \\ CRPSH & Cluster-based Routing Protocol with Static Hub \\ IoT & Internet of Things \\ ANPIREQ & AN Position Information Request packet \\ ANPIRES & AN Location Information Response \\ QDD & Quadtree-based Routing Protocol \\ CBRP & Centroid-based Routing Protocol \\ SCBC & Sector-Chain-Based Clustering Routing Protocol \\ SCH & Secondary Cluster Head \\ BS & Base Station \\ HRPM & Hierarchical Rendezvous Point Multicast \\ HGMR & Hierarchical Geographic Multicast Routing Protocol \\ GMCAR & Grid-based Multipath Routing Protocol \\ LGH & Local Grid Head \\ TDMA & Time Division Multiple Access \\ GBRR & Grid-Based Reliable Routing \\ MSGR & Grid-Based Sustainable Routing Protocol \\ PCMRP & Passive cluster-based multipath routing protocol for WSNs \\ REDCL & Reliable and energy-efficient data collection for WSNs \\ \(E_{Embb}\) & Energy required for an embedded circuit to receive or transmit a signal of one bit \\ \(E_{Amp}\) & Amplifier energy consumption to preserve radio reliable transmission \\ \end{tabular} 

## References

* [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2021) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Green IoT: Design Goals, Challenges and Energy Solutions.