# Developing a Building Fire Information Management System Based on 3D Object Visualization
## 4 Prototype Design of the BFIMS  
### Information Requirements  
In complex and chaotic building fire situations, it is important for emergency responders to be able to collect accurate and reliable information in the shortest time, and to analyze the situation by using all available information pertaining to the site [6]. Therefore, sufficient information should be provided in the event of fire disasters involving buildings, and information reliability should be guaranteed by performing regular information management and inspection. An information management system supports situational awareness by providing a large amount of on-site information to the site commander promptly and accurately, thus guaranteeing the reliability of the information by combining the relevant details and incorporating them into a database [24]. These information requirements were selected only for the building fire prevention and response stages for issues that were mentioned repeatedly in the classification structure proposed by previous studies, namely general information about the building, internal building information, installed facilities and equipment, and real-time fire information. The authors identified the information requirements at the building fire prevention and response stages by carrying out interviews with practitioners (e.g., building managers, fire fighters, and other rescuers.). As depicted in Figure 1, classification criteria for information requirements related to building fire safety activities were categorized as static information. They included the building type, management history, and storage locations for dangerous property that existed before the occurrence of a fire disaster, as well as dynamic (situational) information, which is generated and collected in real time [6]. Static (non-situational) information can be computerized via collection at the O&M stage in the system in advance. In particular, most of the information requirements have spatial characteristics. While constructing an information management system that supports information transfer through continuous data management, these requirements were defined only for static information. For the purpose of this research, the static (non-situational) information breakdown structure was established, as provided in Table 1.  
Figure 1: Categorization of the data structure based on the literature review. UML, an object-oriented modeling language, is a useful tool and considered as a standard tool in developing a database structure in many fields [25]. A class diagram (one of the UML diagrams) illustrates an overview of the system by showing the relationships among the classes. Relationships between objects in a particular application environment and semantically responsible objects can be depicted in this manner. The object properties are specified in the class box, and the relationships between the objects are determined according to line types. In this study, the attribute data for each object are defined as the type. For instance, the building object data defined in Table 1 are categorized as types. They include the fire risk elements and resource elements that can be used in building fire response. The resource elements are divided into fire extinguishing facilities, firefighting activity facilities, firefighting water facilities, evacuation and rescue facilities, and fire warning facilities. Each object data is a series of component data, including location data and a detailed description about the indoors of the building. The component type is  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  
used to visualize the location data more intuitively by specifying color by type. General information, which includes the component type and component data, is represented by 3D object data in association with the building shape model together with the management information. This enables intuitive location data to be collected, and reliable information can be provided by managing O&M information according to the object.