## 1 Introduction
[PERSON] [13] concluded that nano-MoS\({}_{2}\) contributed to minimizing tool wear in the cutting edge of tools. [PERSON] et al. [14] performed the hard part turning of 90 CrSi steel in an MQL situation using a hybrid nanofluid (Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\)/MoS\({}_{2}\)) and mono nanofluids (Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) and MoS\({}_{2}\)). The results showed that employing hybrid nano-cutting oils in MQL rather than mono-nanofluids improves hard machining performance. Subsequently, in another research, the Taguchi experimental design was ascertained by [PERSON] et al. [15] for the turning of S235 JR steel using dry MQL, 0.2% (MWCNT) nanoparticle reinforced N-MQL, and 0.1% MWCNT + 0.1% MoS\({}_{2}\) nanoparticle reinforced HN-MQL, with defined cutting speeds and feed rate as input parameters. When assessing output parameters, it was determined that N-MQL conditions generated the best consequences for both cutting forces and cutting zone temperatures of all the trials conducted. [PERSON] et al. [16] evaluated the hard turning efficiency of 90 CrSi steel using Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) and MoS\({}_{2}\) nano-cutting fluids under MQL and MQCL cutting conditions. Moreover, MQCL exceeds MQL in terms of machining performance, and Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) nanofluid outperforms MoS\({}_{2}\) nanofluid in terms of surface roughness values. [PERSON] et al. [17] focused on developing MQL technology for hard turning 90 CrSi steel by adding Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) and MoS\({}_{2}\) nanoparticles to soybean oil and water-based emulsion. MQL with Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) and MoS\({}_{2}\) nanofluids improves coated carbide cutting tools. Machining performance also depends on fluid type, nanoparticles, and concentration. [PERSON] et al. [18] investigated the sustainability needs of manufacturing applications that employ MWFs in machining processes. Vegetable oil outperformed mineral oil as a sustainable substitute during machining process, with no harmful consequences on ecological systems. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] dealt with the tribological characteristics of various hybrid nanofluid and the temperature control in the machining process. It was summarized that [PERSON] et al. [19] evaluated the surface quality by precision hard turning AISI 4340 steel with wiper-nose and standard round inserts under different machining conditions. The data show that, across the spectrum of cutting conditions tested, wiper inserts provided minimum surface roughness valuesthan traditional inserts, indicating superior performance. The recommendation put forward by [PERSON] et al. [20] suggested that the utilization of an emulsifier comprising rice bran oil exhibits superior performance in terms of prolonging the lifespan of tools when compared to an alkaline solution. Additionally, this emulsifier is deemed to possess a more environmentally sustainable profile, thereby contributing to a cleaner ecosystem. In their experimental study, [PERSON] et al. [21] employed monotype nanofluids consisting of copper oxide and zinc oxide, as well as a hybrid nanofluid comprising both copper oxide and zinc oxide. The effects of three distinct nanofluids were examined by the authors in their study. The investigation focused on analyzing various response variables, such as surface roughness and cutting temperature. In addition, it is worth noting that the utilization of a hybrid nanofluid consisting of copper oxide and zinc oxide has demonstrated a reduction in cutting temperature. Specifically, the cutting temperature was observed to decrease by 11% and 13% in comparison to the individual nanofluids of copper oxide and zinc oxide, respectively. [PERSON] et al. [22] conducted an investigation into the effectiveness of utilizing graphene-based nanofluids during the turning process on D3 hardened tool steel with (MQL) technique. The evaluation focused on various aspects, including surface roughness, cutting temperature, tool wear, and chip morphology.