# Construction of the Stand and Experimental Studies of the Iontophoresis Process
## 4 Test Stand and Testing Methodology  
For the purpose of conducting research on the iontophoresis process, a custom-made test bed was designed and constructed. The test bed consists of the following devices:  
- Ampere meter YFE YF-3503;  
- Thermal imaging camera PEAKTECH 5605;  
- Water bath AJL electronic MLL 147/6/A/50;  
- Voltmeter METEX M-3850;  
- Laboratory power supply unit KORAD KA3005 DS;  
- Laboratory beaker. Figure 2 presents a block diagram of the test bed. The experiment was repeated five times for each tested sample in order to ensure the reliability and repeatability of the obtained results. After completing all five measurements, the arithmetic mean was calculated to minimize the impact of random errors and improve the accuracy of the data. The electric current, referred to as \(I_{p}\), was measured at four different voltage levels: \(U=1\), 3, 5 and 10 V. These specific values were selected to observe the effect of increasing voltage on the current flowing through the electrolyte. For the temperature conditions during testing, the following values were used: \(T=26\), 30, 35, 38 and 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C. These temperatures were chosen intentionally, as they are within or close to the normal range of human body temperature, making the experiment relevant to potential biomedical or physiological applications. All measurements were taken only after the readings on the ammeter had stabilized to ensure that the data represented steady-state values and were not affected by momentary fluctuations. The accuracy of the conducted  
Figure 1: Experimental tests diagram. measurements was determined separately for each of the recorded parameters. The current _Ip_ of the electrolyte was measured with an accuracy of \(\pm\)0.8% of the reading, plus an additional uncertainty of \(\pm\)1 unit. The voltage \(U\) applied to the electrolyte supply was measured with an accuracy of \(\pm\)0.3% of the reading, also with an additional \(\pm\)1 unit added to the uncertainty. Temperature measurements of the electrolyte \(T\) were characterized by two methods: using a thermal imaging camera with a relative accuracy of \(\pm\)2%, and a water bath method with a fixed accuracy of \(\pm\)1.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C. This approach ensured reliable and cross-verified temperature control. Furthermore, the environmental humidity \(w\) was measured with a high precision of \(\pm\)0.1% to account for any potential effects of moisture in the surroundings on the experimental results. Figure 3 presents view of the stand. Figure 3: View of the test stand: 1—water bath, 2—laboratory power supply unit, 3—ampere meter, 4—voltmeter. Figure 2: Block diagram of the test bed: 1—laboratory power supply unit, 2—beaker with tested solution, 3—water bath, 4—voltmeter, 5—ampere meter, 6—thermal imaging camera. Figure 4 presents thermal imaging of the temperature \(T\). Figure 5 presents stainless steel electrodes that were placed in the housing using 3D printing. The electrodes used in the experimental setup were fabricated from 316L stainless steel, a corrosion-resistant alloy classified within the Type 300 series of austenitic stainless steels. This material was selected due to its excellent resistance to chemical corrosion and its biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in electrochemical environments. To maintain the integrity and consistency of the measurements, the electrodes underwent a standardized cleaning procedure following each experimental trial. Specifically, the electrode surfaces  
Figure 4: Thermal imaging of the temperature \(T\) of the tested solution sample. Figure 5: 316L stainless steel electrodes. were gently wiped with sterile gauze to remove any visible deposits or residues that may have formed during electrolysis. They were then thoroughly rinsed with demineralized water to eliminate any remaining contaminants and to restore surface cleanliness, thereby ensuring repeatability and reliability in subsequent measurements.