# Post-Traumatic Segmental Tibial Defects Management:
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Author/s**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Year**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Treatment Period**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Patients**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Mean Age**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**M/F Ratio**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Follow-Up (Range)**} \\  & & & & **(Range)** & & **Ratio** & **(Months)** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [17] & 2020 & 2010–2017 & 14 & 35.5 (18–54) & 8/6 & 29.9 (24–36) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [18] & 2015 & 2009–2012 & 25 & 32.5 (20–48) & 23/2 & 15 (12–19) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [19] & 2016 & 2011–2013 & 30 & 32 (18–52) & 30/0 & 18 (10–32) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [20] & 2013 & 2009–2011 & 32 & 31.6 (18–52) & 25/7 & N.A. (12–N.A.) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [21] & 2015 & 2006–2012 & 58 & 45 (19–61) & 39/19 & 36 (12–96) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [22] & 2023 & 2014–2020 & 35 & 33.2 (N.A.) & 18/17 & 32 (24–40) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [23] & 2024 & 2013–2022 & 13 & 27.4 (18–48) & 11/2 & 103.4 (36–144) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [24] & 2022 & 2014–2019 & 11 & 40.6 (29–58) & 7/4 & 41.1 (25–75) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [28] & 2013 & 2006–2008 & 16 & 31.5 (18–56) & 14/2 & 30.2 (19–48) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [30] & 2013 & 2004–2009 & 15 & 32 (16–61) & 11/4 & 17.3 (8–36) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [31] & 2020 & 2010–2017 & 26 & 40.4 (22–56) & 20/6 & 28.5 (13–38) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [32] & 2021 & 2012–2018 & 40 & N.A. (16–65) & 27/13 & 28.2 (18–60) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [33] & 2020 & 2013–2017 & 12 & 45 (20–65) & 10/2 & 25.8 (12–48) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [38] & 2005 & 1997–2002 & 20 & N.A. (20–50) & 14/6 & 24 (N.A.) \\ \hline [PERSON] [39] & 2013 & 2010–2011 & 10 & 30 (22–40) & 10/0 & 28.8 (24–36) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [40] & 2017 & 2007–2012 & 18 & 41.2 (28–52) & 13/5 & 38.8 (25–52) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [41] & 2021 & 2009–2016 & 31 & 33.4 (18–58) & 27/4 & 32 (12–96) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [43] & 2018 & 2010–2015 & 16 & 39.1 (16–65) & 9/7 & 29.5 (12–36) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Descriptive characteristics of included studies (distraction osteogenesis). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Study:**} & **Year:** & **Design:** & **Technique:** & **MINORS:** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [28] & 2013 & CS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [29] & 2020 & CS & Masquelet & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [30] & 2013 & PS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 12 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [31] & 2020 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [32] & 2021 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [33] & 2020 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [34] & 2020 & RS & Masquelet & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [35] & 2020 & RS & Masquelet & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [36] & 2017 & RS & Masquelet & 9 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [37] & 2022 & RS & Masquelet & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [38] & 2005 & CS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] [39] & 2013 & CS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [40] & 2017 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [41] & 2021 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [42] & 2022 & RS & Masquelet & 10 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [43] & 2018 & RS & Distraction Osteogenesis & 10 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._A total of 415 complications occurred in the 408 patients, including 17 studies (Table 5). The average number of complications per patient ranged from 0.3 to 2.9, with a mean of 1 complication per patient treated with D.O. Among the 415 complications, 170 (41%) were major, and 245 (59%) were minor. Major complications are those that heavily impact the quality of life of the patient. They usually require additional surgeries, and they might predispose the patient to the development of further comorbidities. Minor complications, on the other hand, can either be easily treated or do not impact the quality of life to an extent that would justify additional surgical procedures.