## 3 Results
### Biochemical Processes and Their Interaction with Germination Parameters  
The variation in the concentration of MDA during storage was not significant for 90 days for haloprimed and osmoprimed seeds and 30 days for non-primed and hydroprimed seeds, followed by a significant reduction at 60 days and a subsequent increase for all the treatments to the highest level at 120 days. This was significantly higher as compared to 60 days for non-primed and 90 days for the primed seed (Figure 4). Between priming treatments, MDA levels were only significantly different at 0 and 60 days of storage, where the non-primed seed recorded significantly higher than halopriming and hydroprimed seed at 0 days and 60 days, respectively (Table 3). MDA accumulation by primed seed was lower and more significant for hydroprimed and haloprimed as compared to the non-primed seed. There was a medium to a strong positive correlation between H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) produced and MDA accumulated by the seed in storage (Table 2). The correlation was significant for non-primed and hydroprimed seeds, while nonsignificant for haloprimed and osmoprimed seeds. There was a moderate to strong curvilinear relationship between the MDA accumulated in the seed with the germination parameters, i.e., _GI_, _MGT_, _T50_, and _SVI_ 2, except for the _SVI_ 2 for the non-primed seed described by the equation \(\mathrm{y}=\mathrm{m}\mathrm{x}^{2}+\mathrm{b}\mathrm{x}+\mathrm{c}\). The correlation coefficients were high, ranging from 0.461 to 0.934. Figure 4: MDA equivalents (nmol\(\cdot\)mL\({}^{-1}\cdot\)g \({}^{-1}\) FW) for non-primed and primed seed stored for 0–120 days at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C/65%RH. Error bars on the means indicate standard deviation and different letters indicate significantly different at \(p<0.05\) and at \(p<0.01\) denoted by * and **, respectively, within treatments across the storage period as determined via post hoc [PERSON]’s HSD test. The germination percentages of the non-primed and primed seeds were relatively high even after 120 days of storage (Table 4). Non-primed seeds showed a stable final germination trend. However, the first-count germination after 30 days of storage and the seed vigor (\(GI\) and \(T50\)) of the seed dropped. Just like a non-primed seed, the changes in final germination for halopriming were not significant, while hydroproriming and osmorpriming had a significant reduction in the final germination percentage. However, the initial germination percentages were sustained higher for longer--90 days for hydroproriming and osmorpriming and 60 days for halopriming. Seed viability was reduced for the primed seed and was also insignificant until after 90 days. At 120 days, germination was lower and slower (Figure 1), shorter and more spread in time (Figure 2), and more varied (Table 4) for the primed seed compared to the non-primed. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline  & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Storage Period (Days)**} \\ \hline
**Treatment** & **0** & **30** & **60** & **90** & **120** \\ \hline Non-primed & 5.90 \(\pm\) 0.5 a & 5.41 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 4.2 \(\pm\) 0.4 a & 5.25 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 7.68 \(\pm\) 1.6 \\ Hydroproriming & 5.26 \(\pm\) 0.7 a & 4.58 \(\pm\) 0.4 & 3.06 \(\pm\) 0.03 b & 3.65 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 6.62 \(\pm\) 0.7 \\ Halopriming & 3.95 \(\pm\) 0.4 b & 4.20 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 3.68 \(\pm\) 0.3 ab & 3.44 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 6.41 \(\pm\) 1.4 \\ Osmorpriming & 4.83 \(\pm\) 0.8 ab & 5.02 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 4.04 \(\pm\) 0.1 a & 4.34 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 6.58 \(\pm\) 1 \\ \hline \(p\) value & 0.028 & 0.1783 & \textless{}0.01 & 0.0889 & 0.599 \\ \hline \end{tabular} The data shown are the means of the measurements \(\pm\) standard deviation. Mean values followed by different letters indicate significant differences (\(p<0.05\)) as determined via [PERSON]’s HSD test between treatments in a particular storage period.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: MDA accumulation (nmol/g FW) of non-primed and primed seed stored for 0–120 days after priming.