## 3 Results
### Barriers to Green Exercise  
The thematic analysis resulted in five main themes as barriers for green exercise. The main barriers were weather conditions, safety, inadequate infrastructure, applicability, and low compliance. Themes and subthemes are presented in Table 4.  
Weather conditions were mentioned by HPs and chronic patients as a barrier to exercise in nature. Either wintry weather or extreme heat and sunlight were both reasons to not exercise outdoors. Participants were worried that in the colder months, wintry conditions like freezing temperatures and rainfall can make outdoor physical activity uncomfortable, unsafe, or even impractical for many patients. On the other hand, during periods of extreme heat and intense sunlight, there is a heightened risk of heat exhaustion. The combination of high temperatures, high humidity, and exposure to intense UV radiation can create unfavorable exercising conditions that can lead to discomfort, dehydration, and potential health risks. As one patient explained:  
_\"During summer I was walking from one shady place to another because of the sun.\"_ P4 \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline Age (years) & \(53\pm 17\) \\ \hline Gender & Four women (\(57.1\%\)) \\  & Three men (\(42.9\%\)) \\ \hline Level of education & High school education (\(n=5\)) (\(71.4\%\)) \\  & Bachelor’s degree (\(n=2\)) (\(28.6\%\)) \\ \hline Exercising regularly & \(3/7\) (\(42.9\%\)) \\ \hline  & psoriatic arthritis (\(n=1\)) \\  & cancer (\(n=1\)) \\  & Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (\(n=1\)) \\ Conditions & Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) (\(n=1\)) \\  & endocrine disease (\(n=1\)) \\  & psychiatric disease (\(n=1\)) \\  & risk factors (\(n=1\)) \\ \hline Duration of the condition (years) & \(5.5\pm 4.8\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Patients’ characteristics. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline Age (years) & \(49\pm 8.7\) \\ \hline Gender & Five women (\(62.5\%\)) \\  & Three men (\(37.5\%\)) \\ \hline Level of education & Bachelor’s degree (\(n=5\)) (\(62.5\%\)) \\  & Master’s degree (\(n=3\)) (\(37.5\%\)) \\ \hline Exercising regularly & \(6/8\) (\(75\%\)) \\ \hline  & orthopedic surgeon (\(n=1\)) \\  & rheumatologist (\(n=1\)) \\  & general practitioner (\(n=1\)) \\ Professions & pathologist-oncologist (\(n=1\)) \\  & cardiologist (\(n=1\)) \\  & pathologist-diabetologist (\(n=1\)) \\  & psychiat (\(n=1\)) \\  & physiotherapy (\(n=1\)) \\ \hline Work experience (years) & \(7.5\pm 10\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Professionals’ characteristics. Safety was one of the biggest issues of outdoor physical activity for the members of the two FGs, with six safety issues emerging. Participants were concerned about the possibility of encountering dangerous humans or animals during outdoor physical activities. This includes the fear of theft, harassment, or encountering aggressive animals. Additionally, the quality of the air in outdoor environments was a worry for participants, particularly in areas with high levels of pollution. Poor air quality could have negative impacts on respiratory health while exercising. The absence of adequate lighting in outdoor areas during the night was highlighted as a safety issue. Poor lighting can make it difficult to see hazards and obstacles, increasing the risk of accidents. Participants acknowledged the potential for accidents to occur during outdoor physical activities, such as slips, falls, or car accidents. These accidents could lead to injuries. As a result, the possibility of getting injured while exercising outdoors was a significant concern. The risk of contracting diseases transmitted by mosquitoes was another safety issue that was only raised by healthcare professionals.