###### Abstract  
Grouted Semi-flexible Pavement (GSP) is a novel pavement composed of open-graded asphalt concrete grouted with high-fluidity cement mortar. Due to its excellent load-bearing and anti-rutting performance, it has great potential as anti-rutting overlay and surface in road construction. However, the understanding of GSP performance remains limited and pertinent findings are inconsistent. This article aims to provide a systematic literature review for the articles which were published between 2000 and 2020 on GSP, explore the problems in the recent research, identify knowledge gaps, and deliver recommendations for future research. The influential factors and the relative evaluation methods of GSP performance are summarized and discussed in this article. Grouted Semi-flexible Pavement; influential factor; evaluation method; performance; laboratory test 22 June 2  
companies, Densit and Phoenix, jointly developed and promoted the second generation of GSP, called \"_Densiphalt_\", of which the residual void rate was reduced after being grouted to improve in-field performance [15; 16; 17]. In 1989, [PERSON], the researcher belonging to the Jean Lefebvre Company in France, published a monograph on the \"_Salviacim_\", which was still considered a special construction method by the public [3; 18]. The U.S. Army issued a series of evaluation reports of GSP and practiced this technology on airport aprons and tank runways from 1976 [19; 20; 21]. The Departments of Transportation of states and the U.S. were also concerned for the performance of GSP and conducted many projects to prove its performance [22; 23; 24]. Consequently, the specification of GSP by the U.S. Army was established and applied in many fields, and were updated several times [25; 26; 27; 28]. [PERSON] et al., conducted a trial road of GSP on Huishen pavement in the Guangdong province in China in 1986 [29]. In 1995, [PERSON] et al., introduced laboratory tests for GSP and presented the bending tensile strength as an indicator to control its quality [30]. Subsequently, [PERSON] and [PERSON] adapted the Main Aggregate Filling (MAF) method and the orthogonal tests to design GSP in 2000 [31; 32]. Further, [PERSON] et al., proposed that the optimal asphalt content of OMA should be determined by the Cantabro test and the Schellenberg Binder Drainage test, while the low-temperature cracking of GSP was found to be the main problem affecting its operational life [4; 5; 6]. Although GSP was just used originally as a construction technique for special pavements such as airport aprons, it is now considered as a rather new technology because it is found to be strongly different from rigid pavement and flexible pavement for their working behaviors. With the theory of perpetual pavement arousing and traffic load increasing in the recent years, GSP has been welcomed into a rapidly developing period and has become a potential high-performance and cost-effective pavement which has a higher complex shear modulus than AC. However, standards of this technology are seldom published in the world. There are still many unsolved problems in GSP design, such as low-temperature cracking, unreasonable testing parameters, and undeveloped laboratory methods, etc., which need intensive research [6; 33]. The poor understanding of these problems limited further development and application of GSP. The objectives of this study are to summarize the findings in GSP over the past two decades and analyze the relationships of various factors and the methods of laboratory tests on the performance to identify knowledge gaps, promote this technology and deliver recommendations for future research. 143 papers have been selected and reviewed in total on three principles: first, the study should illustrate a qualitative and quantitative evaluation for GSP; second, the research should come from a new perspective for factors and properties of GSP; third, new findings and different conclusions are included for more discussion. Finally, relevant recommendations and future studies are proposed.