###### Abstract
Accordingly, after a tunnel-boring machine enters a coal mine, selecting the appropriate tunnel support scheme and corresponding support equipment is crucial. Numerous studies have proposed the optimization of mine roadway support design based on numerical simulation or field monitoring results to ensure the safety of the excavation project. Scholars have conducted extensive research on coal roadway support through theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments, similar simulations, and field measurements, proposing high pre-stressed bolt support, coupled support, and pressure-letting support technologies, which effectively control the deformation of a coal roadway's surrounding rocks and ensure their stability [20; 21; 22; 23]. [PERSON] et al. explored the improved support method within a tunnel in the Huainan mine area and discussed more effective support strategies for when a tunnel crosses a dense fault zone [24]. [PERSON] et al. employed the discrete element code 3 DEC to establish a three-dimensional numerical model based on data related to the stratum lithology, geological structure, mechanical properties of rock mass, and structural plane of an underground mine in the United States. They simulated the sequential excavation and support process, studied the influence of changes in horizontal ground stress and rock mass properties on the stability of the roadway, and evaluated the effectiveness of rock mass support [25; 26]. [PERSON] et al. monitored the coal pillar stress, roof deformation, and cable bolt force of a transportation roadway under high horizontal stress for about six months and calibrated a numerical model with the measured data. They quantitatively analyzed the influence of high horizontal stress on the roof stability of the transportation roadway and discussed the roof support requirements under high horizontal stress [27]. [PERSON] et al. utilized numerical simulation to analyze an asymmetric anchor support scheme for a layered jointed rock tunnel and determined the scheme's effectiveness in controlling the asymmetric deformation of surrounding rocks [28]. [PERSON] proposed a support scheme of \"advance grouting + U-shaped shed + anchor net cable spraying\" for the soft joint rock mass in the deep coal mine of the Pingdingshan Mining Area and proved the effectiveness of the support scheme using industrial tests [29]. Existing research has primarily focused on monitoring and analyzing the surrounding rock deformation of straight roadways and related support schemes. However, in the process of TBM tunneling, encountering the problem of turning roadways is inevitable. Due to the asymmetric stress field caused by turning, these roadways exhibit more severe failure in engineering practice, resulting in more challenging assessments of the surrounding rocks' stability and difficulty with establishing a support scheme design. Therefore, it is essential to study the support of roadways during TBM tunneling and turning. This study established a three-dimensional numerical model to investigate the failure mechanism of turning roadways and the effectiveness of support. It analyzed the roadway deformation, the plastic zone, and the surrounding rocks' stress to describe the failure law of turning roadways.