## 2 Result and Discussion
### Output Characteristics of E-TENG and S-TENG  
The output characteristics of S-TENG and E-TENG have been studied, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2a shows the open-circuit voltage (V\({}_{\text{OC}}\)) and short-circuit current of  
Figure 1: Self-powered and autonomous vibrational wake-up system (SAVWS). (**a**) System diagram of the SAVWS. (**b**) Schematic diagram of the integrated vibration TENG. (**c**) The working mechanism of the TENG in vertical contact-separation mode. (**I**) Close contact. (**II**) Begin to separate. (**III**) Stop separation. (**IV**) Begin to contact.  
S-TENG under the acceleration of 2 m/s\({}^{2}\), the mass of 700 g, and the frequency of 30 Hz. It can be seen that the S-TENG had stable output waveforms. The V\({}_{\rm{OC}}\) of S-TENG with fixed mass was tested at different accelerations. The data were from the mean of five sets of experimental data, and the error bar was taken from the standard deviation, as shown in Figure 2b. With a fixed frequency, the V\({}_{\rm{OC}}\) of S-TENG had good linearity in the acceleration range of 1-4.5 m/s\({}^{2}\), and a sensitivity of about 14.6 V/(m/s\({}^{2}\)). In addition, eight masses were selected between 200 g and 1000 g to further measure the output of S-TENG, as shown in Figure 2c. The results show that the output of S-TENG would quickly increase and then decrease with the increase in mass.  
The output peak power (P\({}_{\rm{peak}}\)) of E-TENG was also measured. When the acceleration of the vibration was 2 m/s\({}^{2}\), the frequency was 30 Hz and the mass was 700 g, the E-TENG had stable output waveforms as shown in Figure 2d. Figure 2e displayed the P\({}_{\rm{peak}}\) of E-TENG under different accelerations, and results show that the larger the acceleration, the higher the P\({}_{\rm{peak}}\). In addition, the P\({}_{\rm{peak}}\) of E-TENG with different mass is shown in Figure 2f, and it can be seen the E-TENG had a good output performance after the mass was over 500 g. Since the S-TENG and the E-TENG were integrated, changing the mass would affect both output characteristics of S-TENG and E-TENG. Therefore, the variation range of the mass was fixed between 500 g and 1000 g to ensure that the system could work stably. Besides, the V\({}_{\rm{OC}}\) waveforms of E-TENG and S-TENG are shown in Figure S2. The effect of frequency on the output characteristics of S-TENG and E-TENG was also measured (Figure S3). At a constant acceleration, the output performances of S-TENG and E-TENG improved as the frequency decreased. The durability of S-TENG and E-TENG  
Figure 2: Output characteristics of S-TENG and E-TENG. (**a**) Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of S-TENG at the acceleration of 2 m/s\({}^{2}\), 30 Hz. The open-circuit voltage output of S-TENG at different (**b**) accelerations and (**c**) mass. (**d**) Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of E-TENG at the acceleration of 2 m/s\({}^{2}\), 30 Hz. The output peak power of E-TENG at different (**e**) accelerations and (**f**) mass.  
were also tested. After 90,000 times of contact-separation circulation, the E-TENG and the S-TENG still had stable output performances, as shown in Figure S4.