###### Abstract  
The global energy transition is pivotal in mitigating climate change. In Chile, the energy system that includes hydropower faces challenges from prolonged megadroughts, necessitating diversification toward renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy. However, research gaps persist in understanding how these sources can optimally address climate-induced vulnerabilities. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to identify global research trends on renewable energy strategies under extreme drought conditions, distinguishing it from systematic or narrative reviews. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using Scopus, incorporating 82 selected documents analyzed via Bibliometrix and VOSviewer to map co-authorship networks, keywords, and publications. Results revealed a significant increase in research on solar energy (26.83%) and renewable energy (25.61%) within the study period (2005-2024), with the most notable growth occurring in the last six years. Key findings include the predominance of studies on energy optimization, with solar and wind technologies emerging as pivotal for enhancing resilience in water-scar regions. These insights underscore the strategic role of renewable energies in addressing climate vulnerabilities while supporting sustainable energy transitions. The implications of this work lie in guiding future research and policy frameworks to enhance energy security and environmental sustainability. bibliometric analysis; renewable energy; megadrought; climate change; energy transition 2020 IEEE/RSJ Web Conference  
hydropower production. Consequently, countries relying on hydroelectricity are increasingly forced to compensate for energy deficits through fossil fuel generation, exacerbating greenhouse gas emissions and worsening air quality [3]. This highlights how megadroughs not only affect water supply but also create ripple effects across interconnected energy markets, influencing electricity generation, emissions, and energy security on a broader scale. Beyond hydropower, megadroughs and extreme climate events also impact electrical infrastructure, reducing the efficiency of thermal power plants and increasing disruptions in power transmission and distribution due to wildfires and heatwaves [4]. The growing interdependence between climate risks and energy security has prompted a shift toward renewable energy. The International Energy Agency (IEA) emphasizes the urgent need for climate adaptation measures in the energy sector, proposing weather-driven power systems that integrate climate modeling to design more resilient grids [5]. Chile serves as a critical case study in this context. Since 2010, it is experiencing a megadrought, with annual precipitation deficits ranging from 25% to 70%, significantly affecting its hydropower generation [6]. Despite these challenges, Chile has actively implemented renewable energy strategies to diversify its energy mix and reduce dependence on water-intensive sources. Addressing the energy challenges of megadroughs and climate change requires an integrated approach, combining technological, economic, and policy innovations. This study contributes to this discourse by examining global and regional experiences, including Chile, to enhance energy system resilience. Future research should continue exploring adaptation measures, policy innovations, and the role of advanced climate modeling in energy planning. Chile remains highly dependent on hydropower, making it vulnerable to prolonged droughs intensified by climate variability [7]. Extreme climatic phenomena, such as El Nino, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the Antarctic Oscillation, are expected to reduce water availability for hydroelectric generation further. Historical droughs have already demonstrated the risks of over-reliance on hydropower, leading to energy shortages and emergency measures such as voltage reductions and rationing programs [8; 9].