## 3 Applications
### Three-Dimensional Scanning Applications in Cultural Heritage Field
This information can be used to inform conservation efforts, helping to ensure that these valuable works of art will be preserved for generations to come. Additionally, the 3D scans provide an opportunity for scholars and researchers to study the sculptures in great detail, leading to a deeper understanding of the art and technology of ancient China. Figure 8 depicts the relevant 3D scanning operations [80; 81]. Similarly, the Tower of London is another documented case where 3D scanning was used to create a detailed digital model of the Tower of London, which allows for the analysis of the building's construction and the identification of areas in need of preservation. The digital model also allows for virtual exploration of the tower, providing an immersive educational experience for people who may not be able to visit the site in person. The Tower of London is one of the most iconic and historically significant structures in England, and was recently the subject of 3D scanning technology. The 3D scanning process involves capturing detailed digital data of the physical structure, which can then be used to create a virtual model. This technology was used to scan the Tower of London, providing a precise representation of its current state and allowing for a better understanding of its history and preservation over time. In addition, the 3D scans allow scholars and researchers to  
Figure 8: Three-dimensional scanning operations in Terracotta Army of Xi’an, China [82]. examine the tower in great detail, thereby enhancing their understanding of its history and significance [83; 84]. Likewise, the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris is another example where 3D scanning was used to create detailed digital models of the Notre-Dame Cathedral after the fire in 2019, which allowed for the analysis of the building's construction and the identification of areas in need of preservation. The digital models also allow for virtual exploration of the cathedral, providing an immersive educational experience for people who may not be able to visit the site in person. The Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris is a historical and architectural treasure that was captured in a new light through the use of 3D scanning technology. The scanning process involved capturing millions of data points and images of the structure, which were then used to create a highly detailed and accurate digital model of the cathedral. This technology allows for a deeper understanding of the cathedral's design and construction, as well as a way to preserve its history and beauty for future generations. The 3D scanning also proved valuable in the aftermath of the 2019 fire, as it aided in the restoration efforts by providing a precise record of the building's original features. The case of the Notre-Dame Cathedral exemplifies the ability of technology to protect and promote cultural heritage [85; 86]. Lastly, the Lascaux Caves in France is another paradigm where 3D scanning was used to document the prehistoric paintings in the Lascaux Caves, which have been closed to the public since the 1960s to protect the fragile artwork. The digital models allow for virtual to be created, allowing people to explore the caves from anywhere in the world. The Lascaux Caves in France, renowned for their Paleolithic cave paintings, have been captured in a new way through 3D scanning technology. The scans have allowed for the creation of a detailed digital model of the caves, preserving their beauty and history for future generations. The technology also provides researchers with a valuable tool for studying the caves, as the 3D scans allow for a closer examination of the art and the cave's geology. The digital replica of the Lascaux Caves has also enabled visitors from all over the world to enjoy the splendor of the cave paintings without having to travel to the site. The 3D scanning of the Lascaux Caves is thus not just a means of preserving cultural heritage, but also of promoting it globally [87; 88].