## 1 Introduction  
UAVs, or drones, are aircraft that do not have human pilots on board. They can be controlled from a ground station remotely or independently, using sensors and actuators [1]. The historical backdrop of UAVs can be traced back to the Second World War; however, it was only after the 1980s that their innovation progressed fundamentally, basically for military applications. Aeronautics, mechanical engineering, computer science, mechatronics, robotics, and power electronics are just a few of the engineering fields that have been combined to create advanced UAVs with a wide range of capabilities and applications. Depending on the application, modern UAVs are outfitted with sophisticated surveillance systems, digital and infrared cameras, thermal sensors, radar, and GPS. They have acquired ubiquity in late years because of their different non-military personnel applications, for example, payload conveyance, traffic checking, aiding risky regions, catastrophic event reaction, and salvage activities. UAVs are also used for more private, hobby-like activities, like photography [2, 3]. In this paper, we will break down a cutting-edge sort of robot and its condition of the cutting-edge circumstance. We will discuss future UAV industry trends and compare the most recent sources on the subject. From their early emergence in the 20 th century to the present, unmanned air vehicles have introduced novel engineering technologies to a vast field of study. Three criteria were used to select the references used in this paper: the significance of content, its popularity, and chronological release. The key contribution of our research paper endeavors to undertake a comparative analysis of power supply technologies for drones and machine vision applications to identify and forecast future trends in the UAV technology sphere. The seamless incorporation of automation technology and machine vision, including cameras, sensors, and thermal imaging, has led to the development of highly sophisticated UAVs that can be remotely controlled via various mediums such as a controller, mobile phone, or ground station cockpit. As it directly affects the UAV's flight time and payload capacity--both of which are crucial elements for both military and commercial applications--power source technology continues to be a key component of UAVs. To further improve UAV capabilities, particularly in high-risk missions, machine vision applications, such as cameras and sensors, are being used increasingly. This analysis is indispensable in making informed decisions regarding the selection of power sources and machine vision technologies for specific UAV applications. Additionally, our research endeavors to identify future trends in UAV technology, which is crucial considering the rapidly evolving nature of the UAV industry. By identifying these trends, we can obtain valuable insights into the direction of UAV technology and make informed decisions regarding investments in research and development. Consequently, our research paper offers valuable insights into the intricate interplay between power supply technologies and machine vision applications, two fundamental components of UAV technology. UAVs have been exhaustively studied with the help of machine vision applications. The utilization of machine vision in UAVs enables cutting-edge technologies such as visual navigation algorithms, obstacle detection and avoidance, and aerial decision-making [4]. Vision-based algorithms have been devised for a myriad of applications, encompassing visual surveillance, aim systems, recognition systems, collision-avoidance systems, and navigation [5]. Recent research endeavors have primarily concentrated on applying machine vision to control unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) [6]. These applications have undergone progressive evolution, with distinct projects categorizing and evaluating the performance of strategies [7].