## 1 Introduction
[15] demonstrated that the essential oil extracted from _Thymus \(\times\) citrodorus_ effectively inhibits biofilm formation. In contrast to other species of thyme, where thymol and carvacrol are the dominant components in essential oils, geraniol has been reported as the major constituent [15; 16]. Other compounds found in the essential oils of _Thymus \(\times\) citrodorus_ include nerol, the cis-isomer of geraniol and the aldehydes geranial and neral, which are two isomers of citral. These compounds give the plant its characteristic taste and intense lemon-like aroma. The water and alcohol extracts obtained from_Thymus \(\times\) citrotorus_ are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpen acids, which confer antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects [15]. Oregano (_Origanum vulgare_ L.) is a culinary herb that, like thyme, is widely used in Mediterranean cuisine. In addition to its culinary uses, oregano is appreciated for its medicinal properties. The aerial parts of the plant are rich in phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and terpenoids, including phenolic monoterpenes--carvacrol and thymol--as predominant constituents in essential oil [17; 18]. The composition of bioactive compounds in oregano renders it a valuable source of antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. Oregano essential oil is employed in a multitude of industries, including pharmaceuticals, food and aromotherapy. It is renowned for its multifaceted properties, which include antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity. A significant body of research has demonstrated the efficacy of oregano essential oil against food-borne pathogenic bacteria and bacteria responsible for food spoilage [19; 20]. With regard to its antifungal activity, oregano essential oil has been demonstrated to be effective against a diverse range of microorganisms, including _Aspergillus_[21], _Fusarium_[22], _Botrytis_[23] and _Candidia_[24; 25]. This potency is attributed to specific constituents within the essential oil, particularly carvacrol and thymol, which serve as their primary active compounds [17; 18]. In the context of combating _Fusarium_, oregano oil has demonstrated strong fungicidal efficacy. Notably, studies have explored the combined antifungal activity of oregano oil with other essential oils, such as thyme oil. The combined application of these oils demonstrated enhanced inhibitory effects [22]. _Rosmarinus officinalis_ L., commonly known as rosemary, is a perennial herb native to the Mediterranean region. The herb is known for its aromatic, evergreen leaves and distinctive fragrance, which is due to its high essential oil content. Rosemary extracts are known to have a strong antioxidant potential, mainly due to the presence of rosmarinic acid. After rosmarinic acid, carnosol and carnoxic acid have been identified as the strongest antioxidants in rosemary [26]. In herbal medicine, rosemary is known for its antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties [27]. Its potential is also being studied in terms of hepatotoxicity and anti-obesity properties [28] and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease [29]. The antimicrobial activity of rosemary has been the subject of numerous studies, which have highlighted its effectiveness against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this plant against common bacteria, including _Salmonella_ sp., _Shigella_ sp., _Klebsiella pneumoniae_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, _Escherichia coli_[30] and _Listeria monocytogenes_[31]. The essential oil of rosemary has been demonstrated to exhibit antifungal and antiflatoxicipenic activity against _Aspergillus flavus_[32], as well as antifungal activity against _Alternaria alternata_, _Botrytis cinerea_ and _Fusarium_ sp. [33] as well as _Candidia_ sp. and _Penicillium_ sp. [34].