# Effects of Diagonal Friction Dampers on Behavior of a Building
## 1 Introduction  
Buildings experience varied earthquake forces and translations depending on the weight and stiffness of each floor. In cases whereby the displacements exceed the design limits, the deformations cause damage to the structures. Eccentrically, centrally fused, and concentrically braced frames are types of cross used to prevent horizontal movement [1; 2; 3]. In addition, these friction dampers, developed to limit horizontal drift, are types of passive energy absorbers used to prevent damage caused by earthquakes or design errors [4]. Although friction dampers were first designed by taking the braking system used in automobiles as an example, they have shown various developments over the years [5; 6]. If most of the seismic energy can be damped mechanically, the response of the structure can be controlled without structural damage. In friction dampers, the energy coming into the structure is absorbed by converting it from kinetic energy to heat energy via friction. Thus, inelastic behavior that causes permanent damage to the structure is prevented. This prevents negative situations such as repair costs, service disruptions in important buildings such as hospitals, schools, etc., and loss of time. Frictional dampers increase the stiffness of the structure, together with the damping contribution they provide to the structure. The ductility of the structure depends on the amount of energy that the structural elements can absorb during their inelastic behavior, such as bending, buckling, and torsion [7]. The ductility of the structure increases with the effect of friction [8]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a buckling plate self-centering friction damper with low post-yield stiffness to increase the ductility of structures subjected to strong ground motions [9]. On the other hand, [PERSON] et al. developed a new damping device with self-centering capacity, aiming to protect structures against dynamic loads [10]. Because friction dampers increase the seismic performance of buildings, they are one of the preferred strengthening methods for reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. Manyexperimental and numerical studies have been conducted that examine the effect of friction dampers on building behavior. [PERSON] and [PERSON] conducted nonlinear dynamic analyses of a six-story RC frame structure with and without dampers [11]. In order to rate hysteretic damped braces (HYDBs) for an existing three-story RC building to reach a particular performance level, they also suggested a displacement-based design procedure. For the retrofitting of framed buildings, a displacement-based design (DBD) procedure aiming to proportion hysteretic damped braces (HYDBs) was proposed in order to attain the designated performance level of a structure for a specific level of seismic intensity [12]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] conducted a nonlinear time history analysis of a twelve-story reinforced concrete building using friction dampers. The effects of the dampers on the base and floor shear forces and lateral displacement of the building were investigated [13]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] theoretically and experimentally investigated the performance of a multi-directional friction-type seismic damper that absorbs seismic energy. They showed that the dampers used had a positive effect on the structural behavior by reducing the period and displacements [14]. [PERSON] et al. investigated the use of friction dampers, which are energy dissipation devices, to strengthen reinforced concrete moment frame structures. They showed that the friction dampers reduced the maximum story drift [15]. [PERSON] investigated the performance of a multidirectional friction-type seismic damping device using theoretical and experimental methods. In order to determine the behavior of the damper on the structure, the roof displacement and periods of the structures were compared by analyzing two identical structures with and without the damper device.