## 3 Exergoeconomic Analysis  
### Economic Analysis  
The analysis of the total cost of production (TPC) of WHR systems from exhaust gas generation engines through different configurations of ORC consists of estimating both the total capital to be invested (TCI), as well as the operation and maintenance costs (O&M), as shown in Equation (6), which have not been extensively addressed in the literature [33]. \[TPC=TCI+O\&M\] \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameters** & \(T_{1\,AT}\) & \(\dot{m}_{1\,AT}\) & \(\dot{m}_{1\,ORC}\) & \(A_{T\,C\,2}\) & \(A_{T\,C\,3}\) & \(A_{RC}\) & \(\eta_{hh}\) (\%) & \(\eta_{ex}\) (\%) \\
**Unit** & (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & (**kg/s)** & (**kg/s)** & (**m\({}^{2}\))** & (**m\({}^{2}\))** & (**m\({}^{2}\))** & (**m\({}^{2}\))** & **\(\eta_{hh}\) (\%)** & \(\eta_{ex}\) (\%) \\ \hline Proposed & 165 & 84.36 & 75.22 & 394.21 & 809.52 & 124.58 & 16.25 & 48.71 \\ Model & 0\% & 0\% & 3.63\% & 1.29\% & 0.071\% & 0.18\% & 0.74\% & 0.18\% \\ [PERSON] & & & & & & & \\ et al. & 0\% & 2.6\% & 1.14\% & 0.91\% & 0.10\% & 0.30\% & 0.62\% & 0.35\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Absolute error of RORC model with respect to [PERSON] et al. [31] and [PERSON] [32]. Figure 3: Relative error presented of the RORC model with respect to research performed by [PERSON] [29] and [PERSON] et al. [30], (**a**) Refrigerant R-11, (**b**) Refrigerant R-134a. where the TCI of ORC heat recovery systems is calculated using Equation (7) [34]. \[TCI=FCI+\textit{ other costs} \tag{7}\]  
FCI represents the fixed cost investment of the thermal system, which quantifies the direct costs (CD) and associated indirect costs (IC), as shown in Equation (8). \[FCI=CD+IC \tag{8}\]  
The other costs (Equation (9)) consider the start-up costs (SUC) represented by the start-up of the equipment, the initial working capital of the thermal system (WC), the costs associated with research and development activities (LRD), and the costs associated with the provision of funds during construction (AFUDC). \[Other\ costs=SUC+WC+LRD+AFUDC \tag{9}\]  
The CD are the costs corresponding to the acquisition of equipment, piping and accessories (31% from the TCI), installation and assembly (20%), instrumentation and control (10%), and electrical equipment and materials corresponding to the system (11%), civil adequation (45%) and work area (10%). For the heat exchangers, the pump and the turbine were correlated in Table 2, according to turbine output power, pump power and heat exchanger area, considering technical data from manufacturers and calculating costs in US dollars [31; 32; 35]. In addition, the IC are those related to engineering and supervision (30%), and the construction of equipment (15%), which are expressed in terms of the acquisition costs equipment [36]. For the complete economic analysis of the WHR configurations other costs corresponding to the assembly operation, commissioning (10%), working capital (10%), licensing and development costs, and the funds used during the construction of the system (15%) also have to be evaluated. In addition, in the direct costs are considered the supervision (15%), parafiscal expenses (35%), maintenance (6%), and direct miscellaneous costs (15%). Capital expenditures for active assets decrease while fuel and O&M costs increase with the years of operation. Thus, the leveled values of these costs are obtained by calculating the constant escalation levelization factor (CELF) using Equation (10), which links the calculation of the cost of the first year of life of the project to an equivalent annuity [34]. \[CELF=CRF.\frac{k(1-k^{n})}{1-k}, \tag{10}\]  
where \(n\) is the project lifetime, k is calculated with Equation (11) as a function of the annual effective cost rate, and the capital recovery factor CRF is calculated through Equation (12). \[k=\frac{1+r_{n}}{1+i_{eff}} \tag{11}\]  
\[CRF=\frac{i_{eff}\big{(}1+i_{eff}\big{)}^{n}}{\big{(}1+i_{eff}\big{)}^{n}-1} \tag{12}\]