## 3 Results and Discussion
The porous data for the as-prepared samples is listed in Table 1.  
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out to elucidate the valence states of the individual elements of Co-GHCP and Co-GPC. The typical XPS survey spectra for Co-GHCP and Co-GPC are illustrated in Figure 4a. For Co-GHCP, the peak at 531 eV corresponded to the O 1s attributed to the hydroxyl and carbonyl group on the surface of the GO. Meanwhile, the signals of methyl chloride were also observed, which was consistent with those of the FTIR results. During the carbonization process, both the oxygen and chloride peaks were significantly suppressed. The high-resolution spectra of Co and N are given in Figure 4b,c. The Co in the Co-GHCP was comprised of two main peaks, where the peaks at about 782.1 eV (2p\({}_{3/2}\)) and 804.1 eV (2p\({}_{1/2}\)) were assigned to the Co (II) of the cobalt porphyrin blocks [36]. Furthermore, a peak at 397.8 eV in the high-resolution N 1s spectra of pristine Co-GHCP was characteristic of phthalocyanines, which reflected the configuration of the Co-N\({}_{4}\) center as a mesomeric bridging of the cobalt ion with ideally four equivalent nitrogens. In the N 1s spectra of Co-GHCP, the peaks at 400.1 eV and 401.1 eV could be assigned to pyrrole \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sample** & **S\({}_{\text{BET}}\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) (m\({}^{2}\) g\({}^{-1}\))** & **S\({}_{\text{Lang}}\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) (m\({}^{2}\) g\({}^{-1}\))** & **D\({}_{\text{av}}\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) (nm)** & **V\({}_{\text{tot}}\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) (cm\({}^{3}\)/g)** \\ \hline Co-GPC & 257.8 & 378.9 & 2.9 & 0.58 \\ Co-GHCP & 130.8 & 188.5 & 3.0 & 0.31 \\ GPC & 272.5 & 408.7 & 3.1 & 0.67 \\ GHCP & 143.7 & 209.8 & 3.3 & 0.34 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Nitrogen physisorption property of the prepared porous materials. Figure 3: (**a**) Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm plot and (**b**) the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore-size distribution curve of GHCP, GPC, Co-GHCP, and CPC. N-Co and quaternary N, which indicated the successful grafting of 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl) Co (II) porphyrin onto the GO-PVD [41]. After thermal treatment, the peaks at 782.1 eV and 397.8 eV in the Co 2p and N 1s spectra of the Co-GHCP, respectively, were seen clearly, further confirming that most of the cobalt was presented as a complex state of the Co (TPyP) structure. These results indicated the successful incorporation of Co and N into the porous carbon of the Co-GPC microstructures. The unique geometric structures, featuring heteroatom doping, 2D morphology, as well as the moderate surface area of graphene-coupled hypercrosslinked polymers and corresponding porous carbons may serve as promising candidates for electrochemical capacitive applications. The supercapacitor performance of the as-prepared materials as working electrodes was measured using a standard three-electrode system, with platinum wire as the control electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode under alkaline conditions (1 M KOH). As illustrated in Figure 5a, all the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of Co-GPC at various scan rates from 5 mV s\({}^{-1}\) to 50 mV s\({}^{-1}\) exhibited rectangular-like shapes with distinct redox peaks during the charging/discharging process between 0.15-0.55 V. These symmetrical and wide redox peaks were consistent with the faradic peaks in the CV experiment, demonstrating the excellent and reversible pseudocapacitor status of the Co-GPC. With an increasing scan rate, the current density of the redox peaks increased linearly with similar shapes of the CV curves, indicating a fast and highly stable redox reaction between the electrode and the electrolyte during the charge/discharge process for the electrodes. Meanwhile, its galvanostatic charge/discharge curves at various galvanostatic specific currents of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 A g\({}^{-1}\) at the potential range of 0-0.54 V exhibited approximately symmetric shapes with small plateaus (Figure 5b) [42].