## 3 Results and Discussion
### Wood Weight Loss  
During three months of in-ground testing, the wood specimens were attacked by subterranean termites that were identified as _Macrotermes gilbus_ Hagen. Figure 2 illustrates subterranean termite soldiers found on the samples left in the field. The post-exposure wood specimens are shown in Figure 3. The percent weight losses (% WLs) of each species and treatment are displayed in Table 2. Analysis of variance [PERSON]'s multiple range tests of each wood species and treatment are shown in Tables 3-5, respectively. Figure 2: Subterranean soldier termite that found on the specimens. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Source** & **Sum of Squares** & **df** & **Mean Square** & **F** & **Sig.** \\ \hline Corrected Model & 4280.441 & 5 & 856.088 & 6.951 & 0.000 \\ Intercept & 7009.242 & 1 & 7009.242 & 56.912 & 0.000 \\ Wood species & 2417.373 & 3 & 805.791 & 6.543 & 0.000 \\ Treatment & 1863.068 & 2 & 931.534 & 7.564 & 0.001 \\ Error & 14,040.085 & 114 & 123.159 & & \\ Total & 25,329.768 & 120 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: [PERSON]’s multi-range test of percent weight loss and protection level on wood species. (The same letters in each column are not statistically different (\(p\leq 0.05\)) according to [PERSON]’s multiple range test.) \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Wood Species** & **\% Weight Loss** & **Protection Level** \\ \hline Furfurylation & a & a \\ Imidacloprid & a & b \\ Untreated & b & c \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: [PERSON]’s multi-range test of percent weight loss and protection level on treatment. (The same letters in each column are not statistically different (\(p\leq 0.05\)) according to [PERSON]’s multiple range test). Figure 3: Wood specimens after three months of exposure in the field. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Wood Species** & **\% Weight Loss** & **Protection Level** \\ \hline Furfurylation & a & a \\ Imidacloprid & a & b \\ Untreated & b & c \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Weight loss of wood specimens (%).awood species, but were not significantly different from each other. In other words, jabon was the most susceptible to be attacked by termites. The % WLs of all untreated woods in this study were similar to those investigated in past work except for sengon being much lower, 6.7% in this work compared to 18.3% for previous work, for jabon 30.4% to 24.7%, mangium 5.2% to 8.2%, and pine 9.3% to 11.1%, respectively [3]. In addition, the four wood species were suitable for inclusion in laboratory tests against subterranean termites conducted following the Indonesian National Standard SNI 7207-2014 (Badan Standarisasi Nasional, 2014). Based on the SNI 7207-2014 and laboratory results test, sengon, jabon, mangium, and pine were classified as very poor resistance or class V (the lowest class, from I to V) [21; 22; 23], and jabon was classified as poor resistance or class IV [23] to very poor resistance or class V [24]  
Furfuryllation and imidacloprid-treated samples were not different from each other, but both of them were different from untreated specimens as displayed in Table 4. It appears that both treatments resulted in samples with better resistance than that of control specimens. It could be concluded that furfuryllation enhanced resistance of the samples to subterranean termite attack, as indicated by the % WL of furfuryllated wood being only one-fourth (0.26) that of untreated wood. These results align with those determined in past studies [22; 23; 24]. Furfuryllation involves a chemical reaction with wood through cross-linkages or even penetration into the wood cell wall, thus changing the wood cell wall [25; 26; 27]. These changes apparently allow furfuryllated jabon wood to become more resistant to termite attack than untreated wood but are not for the other wood species. For the imidacloprid-treated samples, the % WL was about half (0.51) that of untreated wood.