# Analysis of Drone Flight Stability for Building a Korean Urban Air Traffic (K-UAM) Delivery System
## 1 Introduction  
Currently, the concentration of population in the metropolitan area of South Korea is accelerating. The metropolitan area currently accounts for 11.8% of the country's land, while 49.5%, or about half of the population of South Korea, resides there. To solve this problem, various transportation methods such as shared electric kickboards, self-driving taxis, demand-responsive buses, and transportation services such as MaaS (Mobility as a Service) and Seamless Service are emerging, but ground transportation congestion is expected to persist due to the concentration of population in the metropolitan area. As an alternative, UAM (Urban Air Mobility), a three-dimensional transportation method using eVTOL (Electric Vertical Take Off and Landing, electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft or airframe), is attracting attention. UAM was developed as an air mobility platform that can improve urban traffic and environmental problems due to the limitations of ground transportation caused by global population growth and overcrowding in large cities. UAM is an air transportation ecosystem that utilizes an urban three-dimensionalaerial transportation system and is expected to be composed of entities such as aircraft developers/manufacturers, transportation operators, traffic management service providers, vertiport operators, and value-added information service providers. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) first named this concept UAM, and it has been used in related industries since then. Recently, NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) have been expanding UAM to include cargo transportation, called Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6]. Accordingly, the government recently launched UAM Team Korea, which consists of about 40 key figures from industry, academia, research, and government in the urban air traffic sector, centered around the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, and proactive measures are being taken such as surveying domestic related organizations on their willingness to participate in the development of core technologies in six fields based on the Korean Urban Air Traffic Roadmap (K-UAM roadmap) [7; 8; 9]. Research and development of core flight-related source technologies targeting existing drones is being actively conducted, centered around academia, expanding to UAM. In addition, the research and development needs mentioned in the roadmap are being promoted step by step through public hearings, etc. [4]. Meanwhile, as the demand for non-face-to-face delivery and emergency goods delivery in urban and mountainous island areas has increased significantly due to COVID-19, much research and development is being conducted to commercialize drone-based logistics delivery services in urban/non-urban airspace [10; 11; 12]. In addition, research and development on drone taxis and flight safety are actively being conducted [13; 14]. However, commercialization has not yet been achieved due to the lack of unification of policies, procedures, and standards, and it is judged that research is necessary in various fields [14; 15; 16]. To this end, the need for establishing a traffic management system for the safe operation of drones is emerging. Accordingly, research is actively being conducted to analyze and establish countermeasures for dangerous situations that drones may encounter during flight based on simulations [17; 18]. To take these situations into account, there have been research cases that explored the flight performance of drones under various weather conditions and hovering situations [19]. Drones operated by remote control or autonomous flight are used in various fields such as aerial photography, pesticide spraying, surveillance, and reconnaissance. In particular, logistics companies such as Amazon in the U.S. are promoting cargo delivery using drones, and in Korea, they are also trying to utilize drones for delivery of small cargo and food.