## 3 Material and Methods  
### Formal Formulation of the Evaluation Problem  
Students' ATCo \(P=\{p_{1};p_{2};\ldots;p_{n}\}\) is tested using a device to measure reaction time and relative error rate in multitasking tasks. The developed measuring device is designed to assess the efficiency of student pilots and air traffic controllers during multitasking tasks. It consists of hardware and software components that together provide data collection and analysis of students' reactions to various stimuli during training sessions. The device allows measuring both qualitative and quantitative performance indicators, including reaction time to visual and acoustic signals as well as the number of errors during task performance. Specialized sensors and software are used to collect and process data. Measuring reaction time in multitasking conditions allows assessment of the speed and accuracy of students' task performance, which is an important aspect of their training. Such a device was proposed by the authors and a useful model was obtained for it [27]. This device generates 50 instructions \(I=\{I_{1};I_{2};\ldots;I_{50}\}\) from 6 problems \(Z=\{Z_{1};Z_{2};\ldots;Z_{6}\}\) within one test. As a result, the student ATCo must answer 300 tasks focused on visual and acoustic perception. Tasks 1-3 focus on visual stimuli to which the subject responds in the manipulation zone. Their purpose is to assess the predisposition to the profession and to determine the speed and accuracy of reactions to visual stimuli under a standard load. Additionally, the ability to respond to visual stimuli with different wavelengths is assessed, which indicates the correction of color vision. Tasks 4-5 also focus on visual stimuli, to which the subject responds in the population zone. The main purpose is to determine the predisposition to the profession and to assess the speed and accuracy of reactions to visual stimuli under a standard load. Additionally, the ability to use both hemispheres of the brain is studied. Task 6 focuses on acoustic stimuli in the manipulation zone. The purpose is to assess the predisposition to the profession and to determine the speed and accuracy of reactions to acoustic stimuli. The ability to perform several types of tasks simultaneously is also tested. A detailed description of the functions is given in the work [16]. The construction of artificial intelligence technology to assess the level of practical knowledge of ATCo students is possible only with enough test data. Such data are needed for training neural networks, which make it possible to detect complex and non-linear dependencies in the data. To conduct the research, it is necessary to have data on the level of practical knowledge of student ATCo Ps, who are called the research respondents. This level is expressed in a hundred-point scale and is denoted by \(D\). The level of practical knowledge \(D\) from the teacher is determined taking into account two aspects:  
1. Evaluation of reaction time and accuracy of responses: Quantification of the level of practical knowledge of ATCo student pilots is carried out by assessing their average reaction times to visual and acoustic signals as well as the number of errors in performing tasks. Reaction time and error rate in multitasking conditions show the effectiveness of task performance and the level of preparation for work in real situations. 2. Multitasking and adaptability: This assesses students' ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously, including measuring the number of correct answers when multitasking and the level of errors under stress or changing circumstances. Also determined is the stability of task performance and the ability to adapt to change, which is important for assessing students' practical knowledge in real-world work environments. Also, the number of mistakes made (\(e\)) and the reaction time (\(t\)) to perform the assigned task \(Z=Z(e,t)\) are considered for each ATCo student.