## 4 Conclusions  
An analytical solution for the contact-based material deposition and maximum polyimide expansion through the cLIFT was derived, which is based on the energy storage within the sacrificial polyimide layer and used lasing parameters. The solutions were quantitatively validated through fluorescence imaging, vertical scanning interferometry, and high-speed imaging measurements. A low root-mean-square deviation was measured, but mispredictions for extremely low lasing powers and short lasing durations, as well as extremely high lasing powers and long lasing durations are evident. Subsequently, the material deposition with an artificially introduced gap between the acceptor and donor substrates was investigated. Specifically, material deposition with an acceptor-donor substrate distance beyond the maximum polyimide expansion was observed. Furthermore, a main spot with a decreasing radius and a surrounding ring structure with an increasing radius was detected. Since the material deposition occurred without a contact between the acceptor and donor substrates, an ejection-based material deposition in the normal direction of the expanding polyimide surface was assumed. Based on this geometric constraint and an intensity-based ejection distribution, an analytical solution for the material deposition with a distance between acceptor and donor substrate was proposed. This solution qualitatively describes the observed ejection-based material deposition.  
The following are available online at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app12031361/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app12031361/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app12031361/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/app12031361/s1)), Figure S1: Laser spot intensity measurement, Figure S2: Rhodamine 150 donor substrate, Figure S3: Material deposition with an acceptor-donor substrate distance, Figure S4: Experimental identification of the ejection-based material deposition \(\left.R(r)\right|_{2g}\), Table S1: Model parameters, Table S2: Spin-coating parameters [35; 36; 37], Table S3: Coating thickness calculation [38].  
Conceptualization, G.P.; methodology, G.P. and M.P.; software, G.P.; validation, G.P.; formal analysis, G.P.; investigation, G.P. and D.B.; resources, D.M. and F.F.L.; data curation, G.P.; writing--original draft preparation, G.P.; writing--review and editing, G.P., M.P., D.M. and F.F.L.; visualization, G.P.; supervision, F.F.L.; project administration, G.P.; funding acquisition, F.F.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [BMBF, grant number 13 XP5050A] (FFL); the Max Planck Society [MPG-FhG, joint research grant, Glyco3 Display] (FFL).  
Not applicable.  
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.  
We would like to acknowledge [PERSON] and the Biomolecular Systems Department, as well as the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Max Planck Society for their support.  
Fundings of Interest:F.F.L. is named on a pending patent application related to laser-based microarray synthesis. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.