## 2 The TASIPPS Conceptual Framework
### Evaluation and Discussion  
The TASIPPS framework was evaluated by comparing it to existing frameworks using various criteria relevant to the achievement of interoperability. The comparison table (Table 1) compares the proposed framework with the related works discussed in Section 1.2.  
Figure 8: Screenshot showing a list of the patient’s medical history.  
The evaluation of the TASIIPPS framework in the comparison table (Table 1) highlights its ability to comprehensively meet key interoperability challenges through modern technologies and robust security measures. The evaluation criteria are explained below.  
1. Semantic Interoperability: the framework excels by utilizing standardized healthcare terminologies, ensuring consistent and accurate data interpretation across systems. This addresses a major limitation seen in other frameworks.
2. Technical Interoperability: The framework is highly adaptable, allowing for seamless integration with various EHR systems and clinical applications, making it suitable for diverse healthcare environments.
3. Reusability: With its modular architecture, the framework supports the reuse of components, which enables flexibility and reduces system redundancy. This reusability enhances system maintenance and expansion.
4. Scalability: The framework is built on a cloud-based infrastructure with dynamic resource allocation and load-balancing, allowing the framework to scale efficiently as data volumes and workflow complexities grow.
5. Compliance with Standards: By leveraging widely accepted standards like SOA, FHIR, and SAML, TASIIPPS ensures compliance, reducing the risk of obsolescence and maintaining compatibility with future systems.
6. Consent Management: The framework integrates comprehensive privacy controls, including consent management, to ensure that patients have control over their healthcare data, aligning with regulations like the GDPR and HIPAA.
7. Access Control: Through advanced mechanisms like OAuth 2.0-based authentication and authorization, TASIIPPS ensures that only authorized personnel can access sensitive patient data, providing strong access control.
8. Network Security: The framework employs advanced encryption techniques such as AES-256 and SHA-512, maintaining high levels of security in terms of data transmission and storage, which ensures the protection of healthcare data.  
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* 9. Identity and Access Management: The framework provides robust identity and access management solutions to secure sensitive healthcare data, enhancing security across interconnected systems.
* 10. Threat Detection and Prevention: With built-in threat detection and prevention mechanisms, the framework safeguards healthcare data against cyber-attacks and breaches, ensuring a high level of system protection.
* 11. Legal Compliance: The framework also complies with legal frameworks by offering mechanisms for dynamic data masking and data erasure, ensuring adherence to privacy regulations like GDPR.
* 12. Privacy: Finally, the framework provides enhanced privacy features such as data obfuscation and masking, ensuring that sensitive patient data remain secure while ensuring compliance with key data protection regulations.  
In comparison with other frameworks, the TASIPPS framework stands out for its holistic approach, integrating privacy, security, and interoperability into a cohesive solution. Its cloud-based infrastructure, combined with its advanced security measures and support for emerging technologies, ensures the framework remains scalable, future-proof, and adaptable to the evolving needs of data exchanges in healthcare. One possible limitation of the TASIPPS framework, which will be addressed in further work, is the complexity of implementing it across different regions, as variations in regional healthcare systems, regulations, and technological infrastructures may require further customization and adaptation.