## 3 Results  
Long Term Metabolic Response: Effects of Different Impregnating Solutions on Proline Content of Spinach Leaves  
Our findings (Figure 1a) show that as soon as it reaches 0.5 days after impregnation, GABA impregnated leaves showed a sharp improvement of proline content by 310% (865.6 \(\pm\) 30.9 mg/100 g), but decreasing steadily afterward and starting to decrease significantly on the 4 th day (236.1 \(\pm\) 5.8 mg/100 g) of storage. Sucrose impregnated leaves recorded an increment of proline content by 97% (409.5 \(\pm\) 28.1 mg/100 g) on 0.5 days and keep increasing by 214% (652.4 \(\pm\) 40.0 mg/100 g) on the 2 nd day before started to decrease throughout the storage. The increment of proline content was also observed in SA impregnated leaves on 0.5 days after impregnation by 60% (354.2 \(\pm\) 16.7 mg/100 g) and the highest increment was observed on 1 st day of storage by 103% (453.2 \(\pm\) 49.0 mg/100 g) but started to decrease afterward until the end of storage. The proline content in both GABA and sucrose impregnated leaves were seen to return to its initial value on day 4.5 of storage, whereas in SA impregnated leaves, the proline content gets back to its initial value on day 2 of storage time.  
On the other hand, non-impregnated leaves decrease up to 94% of proline content on the 7 th day of storage (12.8 \(\pm\) 2.4 mg/100 g). Statistical analysis shows that the proline content of GABA and sucrose impregnated leaves for all days were significantly different from non-impregnated leaves, but there were no significant differences observed between non-impregnated and SA impregnated leaves.  
Figure 1: (**a**) Proline content in non-impregnated leaves (\(\Circle\)) and leaves vacuum impregnated with 2 mM SA (**A**), 5 mM GABA (\(\blacksquare\)) and 0.3 M sucrose (\(\blacklozenge\)) during 7 days at 4 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The first point of the impregnated leaves represent the proline content 20 min after VI. (**b**) Chlorophyll content in non-impregnated leaves (\(\Circle\)) and leaves vacuum impregnated with 2 mM SA (\(\blacklozenge\)), 5 mM GABA (\(\blacksquare\)) and 0.3 M sucrose (\(\blacklozenge\)) during 7 days at 4 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The first point of the impregnated leaves represent the weight of spinach right after VI. Bars represent \(\pm\) S.E.  
Long Term Metabolic Response: Effects of Different Impregnating Solutions on Chlorophyll Degradation in Spinach Leaves  
Impregnation with all three solutions resulted in an increasing in chlorophyll content as compared to non-impregnated leaves. The chlorophyll content of all impregnated leaves for all storage days was significantly different with non-impregnated leaves. Figure 1b shows that an increase of chlorophyll content was observed in leaves impregnated with SA by 2% (2814 \(\pm\) 200.6 mg/g), GABA by 18% (3332 \(\pm\) 432.7) and sucrose by 26% (3613 \(\pm\) 380.8) after 0.5 days of storage and started to reduce gradually throughout 7 days of storage with a significant decrease on the 2 nd day. It was observed that the chlorophyll content of SA, GABA and sucrose impregnated leaves started to get back to its initial value on day 1, day 1.5 and day 2, respectively.  
At the end of storage, much lower chlorophyll reduction was observed in SA, GABA and sucrose impregnated leaves, which were 57% (1180 \(\pm\) 155.0 mg/g), 49% (1451 \(\pm\) 117.0 mg/g) and 55% (1278 \(\pm\) 148.6 mg/g), respectively, as compared to non-impregnated leaves, which recorded up to 80% (551 \(\pm\) 23.3 mg/g) loss of chlorophyll on the 7 th day of storage.