## 4 Conclusions  
GC-MS analysis of the volatile organic compounds present in the liverwort _Calypogeia suecia_ cells revealed the presence of 107 compounds. Based on MS spectra, 38 compounds were identified. Among the identified metabolites, compounds from the sesquiterpene and sesquiterpenoid groups dominated. Aliphatic and aromatic compounds constituted only a maximum of 1.66 and 5.46% of the metabolite composition, respectively. The content of compounds belonging to the monoterpene and monoterenoid groups in the studied liverwort species did not exceed 0.17% and 0.30% of the VOC composition, respectively. The observed differences in the composition of volatile organic compounds were significant enough to allow the separation of two groups within _Calypogeia suecia_. In group 1 of _Calypogeia suecia_, the dominant compound was bisabola-2,10-diene [1,9]oxide (up to 47.87%), which belongs to the sesquiterpenoid group. In group 2, two unidentified compounds dominated, with retention indices of 1532 (up to 18.21%) and 1594 (up to 19.84%). Based on MS spectra, it can be concluded that these compounds are sesquiterpenoids. Multivariate statistical analyses (PCA and PLS-DA) and heatmaps indicated that the differences detected in the composition and concentration of VOC in the examined _Calypogeia suecia_ samples are consistent with genetic diversity. The analysis also showed that the composition of metabolites is slightly influenced by the habitat in which the liverwort _Calypogeia suecia_ grows. The following supporting information can be downloaded at: [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/molecules29174258/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/molecules29174258/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/molecules29174258/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/molecules29174258/s1)), Figure S1. _Calypogeia suecia_, a colony showing several stems of the plant in its natural environment; Figure S2. Microscopic images of the (a) leaves, (b) under leaves, and (c) cells with oil bodies of _Calypogeia suecia_: 1-group 1, 2-group 2; Table S1a. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-1-CSU1-5; Table S1b. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-1-CSU1-15; Table S1d. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-16-CSU2-4; Table S1e. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU2-5-CSU2-9; Table S2a. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-17-CSU1-21; Table S2b. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-22-CSU1-26; Table S2c. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-27-CSU131; Table S2d. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU1-32-CSU2-13; Table S2e. Volatile compounds detected in the samples CSU2-14-CSU2-18; Table S3. The _Calypogeia suecia_ group 1 sampling data from the year 2021 used for studies; Table S4. The _Calypogeia suecia_ group 2 sampling data from the year 2021 used for studies; Table S5. The _Calypogeia suecia_ group 1 sampling data from the year 2022 used for studies; Table S6. The _Calypogeia suecia_ group 2 sampling data from the year 2022 used for studies; Figure S3. Linear plot of the lodgings for the first principal component PC1; Figure S4. Linear plot of the lodgings for the second principal component PC2; Figure S5. Clustering and heatmap analysis of the 107 chemical compounds detected in the studied _Calypogeia suecia_ samples. Annotations bar shows clustering of the samples by regions (class). Each cell was colored based on the level of the concentration of the chemical compound in the sample; Figure S6. Important features selected by \(t\)-tests with threshold 0.1. The red circles represent features above the threshold. Note the \(p\) values are transformed by \(-\)log10 so that the more significant features (with smaller \(p\) values) will be plotted higher on the graph [MetaboAnalyst 6.0]; Table S7. Top 50 features identified by \(t\)-test showing statistically significant differences between genetic groups (group 1 and 2) of _C. suecia_; Figure S7.