# Factors of the Technology Acceptance Model for Construction IT
## 2 Theoretical Background: Technology Acceptance
### Study of the TAM Including Individual Characteristics  
It has been an important issue for IT managers and researchers to determine which factors make an individual select a new IT. The answer is that regardless of how much enterprises invest in establishing new and more efficient IT systems, the system's effectiveness can only be realized if the users clearly understand and use it. The individual's characteristics are connected to their culture and society [10]; thus, if developers cannot understand the changing user process in terms of technique, they will fail to develop an appropriate system. Moreover, if they cannot understand the extent of individual expertise, the efficiency of the group will suffer. Based on this viewpoint, much of the research on individual differences in IT use shows that the end users play a decisive role in the results of the utilization of IT.  
Based on an examination of the existing literature on IT use, [PERSON] said in his study that two cognitive and attitude routes impact the success of the system and that individual differences can be classified into three variables: perceived style, character, and population statistics/situation [11]. By examining this, we found that education discipline, user experience, and user ability are situational variables of individual differences.  
[PERSON]'s study showed that the experience of IT is important, as it could change an individual's faith and attitude [12].  
In his study, he described different forms of individual e-mail use, showing that IT usefulness directly impacts the intention of IT use before IT is used, whereas the perceived ease of use does not have similar statistical results for the intention of IT use.  
[PERSON] et al. verified the impact of external variables such as user differences, system differences, and group supports on the degree of use [13]. They asserted that user differences such as education discipline or user experience with computers and external variables such as system differences and group support mostly have a direct impact on degree of use, although they also have indirect impacts through perceived usefulness and ease of use.  
Figure 1: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by [PERSON] (1989).  
[PERSON] et al. suggested and verified a new model, showing that attitude could be formed based on past system use, pointing out that IT acceptance models have ignored the feedback possibility from past behavior [14].  
[PERSON] suggested that it could be suitable to introduce computer self-efficiency to the TAM, asserting that additional concepts are necessary to improve the models' estimation ability, because suitability is low using only perceived usefulness and ease of use to study users' demands of the World Wide Web with the TAM [15].  
On the other hand, in a study on the intention to use the World Wide Web among students majoring in business economics, [PERSON] et al. asserted that perceived absorption, which was introduced to TAM as a multi-dimensional composition concept, has an impact on perceived usefulness and ease of use [16].  
They also said that perceived absorption, meaning a state of deep participation with the software, is not an external value like usefulness, but rather a feeling of satisfaction similar to perceived pleasure. This is an internal motivation consisting of five dimensions: momentary split, concentrated absorption, pleasure, control, and curiosity.