## 3 Discussion  
In this case report, we described a digital workflow for fabricating a flipper utilizing different printing strategies. Digital techniques such as intraoral scanning, computer  
Figure 8: Triple-scan technique for evaluating adaptation of flippers. Figure 7: Delivery of flippers. (**A**) Individual printing and combination method. (**B**) One-body printing and gingival layering method. (**C**) One-body printing and gingival coloring method. Figure 9: Color-coded map and cross-sectional images showing the adaptation of flippers. (**A**) Individual printing and combination method. (**B**) One-body printing and gingival layering method. (**C**) One-body printing and gingival coloring method. designing, and 3D printing are viable alternatives and have advantages over conventional fabrication methods. Intraoral scanners are employed to create precise digital impressions, reducing patient discomfort. The use of CAD-CAM ensures accuracy in designing and fabricating prostheses, and 3D digital models can be utilized to achieve a perfect fit [8]. Digital dentistry allows for the customization of prostheses to harmonize with the patient's natural teeth, improving aesthetics and significantly reducing fabrication time [17; 18]. Stored data can be used to refabricate the denture in the case of loss or fracture [19]. Furthermore, it enhances communication between the dentist and the patient, enabling the patient to make well-informed decisions regarding the treatment, leading to greater patient satisfaction. Thus, fabricating interim removable partial dentures has become streamlined with the use of digital technologies [10]. This case report proposed three techniques to fabricate flippers. First, the denture base and teeth were printed separately and bonded [20]. A flexible denture resin was used to print the base, and a resin with higher mechanical properties than a flexible resin was used to print the artificial tooth, which made the printed tooth sturdier. Second, a monochromatic flipper using photopolymer resin was printed, and to match the color of the facial flange of the flipper to the gingiva, approximately 1 mm layer of the material was removed and layered with the gum-colored resin. Third, the printed monochromatic flipper was stained with the characterization material to make it look like a natural gingiva to give a natural appearance [20]. Among the three mentioned approaches, the first one was more time-intensive because the denture base and tooth were printed with different materials. In addition, caution should be exercised while seating the tooth onto the socket of the denture base to ensure correct placement and reduce the chances of debonding. Meanwhile, the second and third methods use one-time printing for the whole structure; accordingly, the fabrication time was faster than the first method and not at risk of separation between the tooth and base parts. However, because the material used for the one-body printing should meet the properties required for both the tooth and denture base parts, the hardness and strength of the material were lower than the resin employed in the first approach to printing the tooth. Therefore, the flippers fabricated by one-body printing could be susceptible to tooth wear and fracture. Regarding the color tone, the method of separately printing the gingival part using a denture base resin can produce a consistent and natural color tone compared with the coloring method. The second method, i.e., removing a layer of resin on the cameo surface of the base and layering the gingival color material, can also provide a favorable shade; however, prudence must be exercised to maintain denture thickness; otherwise, the thickness of the denture base will increase, which will make the prosthesis bulky. The third method, i.e., coloring using the color-characterizing material, is the fastest way but could be less aesthetically appealing than the other methods.