## 3 Results and Discussion
### Production Performance
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **TC** & **T1** & **T2** & **T3** & _p-Value_ \\ \hline Hematocrit (\%) & 31.50 \(\pm\) 1.50 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 33.52 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 33.23 \(\pm\) 0.00 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 30.45 \(\pm\) 0.00 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.028 \\ Cholesterol (mmol/L) & 3.43 \(\pm\) 0.26 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 2.81 \(\pm\) 0.18 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 3.13 \(\pm\) 0.12 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3.40 \(\pm\) 0.05 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.014 \\ Starting weight (kg) & 0.48 \(\pm\) 0.01 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.46 \(\pm\) 0.02 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.43 \(\pm\) 0.01 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 0.41 \(\pm\) 0.00 \({}^{\text{d}}\) & 0.006 \\ Final weight (kg) & 2.77 \(\pm\) 0.30 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 2.22 \(\pm\) 0.25 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 2.29 \(\pm\) 0.18 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 2.35 \(\pm\) 0.40 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.158 \\ Overall weight gain (kg) & 2.33 \(\pm\) 0.34 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1.76 \(\pm\) 0.10 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.04 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 1.93 \(\pm\) 0.43 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.019 \\ Feed intake (kg) & 3.58 \(\pm\) 0.13 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 3.24 \(\pm\) 0.14 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3.08 \(\pm\) 0.10 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3.05 \(\pm\) 0.17 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 0.008 \\ Water intake (L) & 10.07 \(\pm\) 0.01 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 9.34\(\pm\) 0.09 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 9.70 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 7.47 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\text{d}}\) & 0.003 \\ FCR & 1.53 \(\pm\) 0.10 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1.84 \(\pm\) 1.10 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1.66 \(\pm\) 0.15 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1.57 \(\pm\) 0.94 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 0.063 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Effect of sold-out substrate with different protein levels on production performance in broilers. absorption, and increase the rate at which food materials pass through the gastrointestinal tract [47,48]. Blood biomarkers are important indicators of the nutritional status of broilers. The analysis of blood parameters is considered an important tool to investigate the health, physiological, pathological, and nutritional status of animals [49]. Values obtained for hematocrit parameters in the present study (Table 4) were within the range reported in the literature [50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55]. Therefore, it suggests that the dietary inclusion of sold-out substrate is safe for consumption by broilers. Cholesterol values (2.80-3.43 mmol/L) obtained are within the normal range (7.74-17.82 mmol/L) reported by the Clinical Diagnostic Division, as mentioned by [PERSON] et al. [56]. However, the blood cholesterol level in the broilers of treatment control was higher than that of the other treatments (3.43 mmol/L), while cholesterol levels in sold-out substrate treatments were significantly reduced. Inclusion of sold-out substrate in the feed helps to reduce the cholesterol content in the blood. A study conducted by [PERSON] et al. [57] found low concentrations of cholesterol in the group fed by fermented rice bran than in the control group for laying hens. [PERSON] et al. [58] reported that fermented food helps to inhibit the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase, which reduces cholesterol biosynthesis. These results are similar to those obtained in the present investigation, where sold-out substrate comes from a solid fermentation carried out in the production of fruiting bodies of _P. ostreatus_[59].