## 3 Augmented Reality in Industry
### AR in Industrial Sectors  
Based on the data presented in Figure 6, a discernible distribution of publication count across various industrial sectors can be observed in the bibliometric analysis of augmented reality. The manufacturing sector emerges as the frontrunner with the most publications, amounting to 510 articles. Subsequently, the construction sector exhibits a substantial presence with 324 publications, followed by the energy sector with 93 publications. In contrast, the metallurgy and machinery sectors demonstrate relatively fewer publications, with 14 and 35 articles, respectively. These findings signify a greater emphasis on exploring and investigating augmented reality applications within the manufacturing and construction sectors, closely followed by the energy sector.  
The significant presence of publications in the manufacturing sector can be attributed to the need to enhance efficiency, productivity, and safety in the production line. AR can assist in assembly, maintenance, and operator training by providing real-time information and instructions [13]. AR has been explored in the construction sector to improve planning, accuracy, and efficiency in construction, as well as project visualization, error detection, and communication facilitation among designers [14]. Furthermore, building operation and maintenance applications are also growing in this sector [15]. On the other hand, in the energy sector, AR can be applied to visualize real-time energy quality parameters and appliance energy consumption and aid in inspection, maintenance, and equipment monitoring, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and worker safety [16].  
However, it is essential to highlight that the metallurgy and machinery sectors, although they have fewer publications, can also benefit from using augmented reality regarding process optimization, preventive maintenance, and increased productivity. This data analysis suggests that augmented reality is being explored and implemented across different industry sectors, with a greater focus on manufacturing, construction, and energy. This trend reflects the recognition of the potential of this technology to improve processes and outcomes in these areas. In addition, it indicates opportunities for further research and development in the metallurgy and machinery sectors.  
Figure 5: Most cited devices in the sample.  
The dominance of manufacturing in Figure 6 can be further understood and confirmed by considering the diverse applications and benefits of AR in this sector. AR has been leveraged for process monitoring and control, real-time evaluation of plant layouts, machinery and plant maintenance, facility construction, and enhancing industrial safety. These applications address manufacturing needs, such as efficiency, safety, and cost effectiveness, making AR a tool for optimizing complex processes [17].  
Moreover, the potential of mobile technologies to revolutionize AR applications in manufacturing highlights the sector's readiness for innovation and its capacity to adapt to cutting-edge solutions [18]. However, despite these advancements, AR applications in manufacturing are still in an exploratory stage, with full-scale implementations of industrial AR (IAR) solutions being limited to a few cases [19].  
This exploratory nature and limited deployment suggest significant further scientific investigation and development opportunities. Research could focus on bridging the gap between pilot studies and full-scale industrial integration and exploring scalable strategies for AR adoption in manufacturing environments.