# Analysis of the Guide Vane Jet-Vortex Flow and the Induced Noise in a Prototype Pump-Turbine
## 6 Conclusions
\begin{array}{llll}\text{C}_{1}&\text{the studied condition $C_{\varphi}=0.015$ and $C_{a}=0.096$}&n_{q}&\text{specific speed}\\ \text{C}_{DES}&\text{model constant of DES}&p&\text{production term in turbulence model}\\ \text{C}_{k}&\text{turbulence kinetic energy coefficient}&\text{P}_{1}\text{-P}_{7}&\text{ monitoring points for flow field pulsation}\\ \text{C}_{k}^{*}&\text{frequency-dominated $C_{k}$}&Q&\text{flow rate}\\ \text{C}_{kRMS}&\text{RMS amplitude value of specific frequency}&Q_{d}&\text{flow rate at best efficiency point}\\ \text{C}_{\varphi}&\text{velocity coefficient}&R&\text{radial direction}\\ \text{C}_{\alpha}&\text{relative guide vane opening angle}&R_{hi}&\text{radius at runner high pressure side}\\ \text{C}_{\varepsilon}&\text{eddy dissipation rate coefficient}&R_{lowth}&\text{radius at runner low pressure side at hub}\\ \text{C}_{\varphi}&\text{flow rate coefficient}&R_{lows}&\text{radius at runner low pressure side at shroud}\\ \text{C}_{\varphi BEP}&\text{flow rate coefficient at best efficiency point}&\text{S}_{\text{A}},\text{S}_{ \text{B}}&\text{reference surfaces for flow analysis}\\ \text{C}_{\omega}&\text{production term coefficient in turbulence model}&\overline{S_{ij}}&\text{mean rate of strain tensor}\\ F_{1}&\text{blending function of SST model}&t&\text{time}\\ f_{2}&\text{a specific frequency}&u&\text{velocity}\\ f_{b}&\text{runner blade frequency}&U_{hi}&\text{rotational linear velocity at $R_{hi}$}\\ f_{gspv}&\text{dominate frequency in guide vane and stay vane}&V_{c}&\text{sound speed in fluid medium}\\ f_{it}&\text{dominate frequency in volute}&V_{rd}&\text{relative velocity}\\ g&\text{acceleration of gravity}&W_{A}&\text{turbulent-flow-induced sound power}\\ H_{d}&\text{head at best efficiency point}&W_{nf}&\text{reference sound power}\\ k&\text{turbulence kinetic energy}&x&\text{coordinate component}\\ l_{k-\omega}&\text{turbulence scale}&X_{r},Y,Z&\text{orthogonal coordinate components}\\ L_{qp}&\text{turbulent-flow-induced sound power level}&y^{+}&\text{ dimensionless height off-wall}\\ n_{d}&\text{runner rotation speed}&\text{\bf Greek letters}&\text{\bf Acronyms}\\ \alpha_{\varepsilon}&\text{constant in acoustic analogy method}&\text{BEP}&\text{best efficiency point}\\ \beta_{k}&\text{model constant of SST model}&\text{CA}&\text{computational acoustic}\\ \Delta\text{C}_{k}&\text{peak-peak value of $C_{k}$}&\text{CFD}&\text{computational fluid dynamics}\\ \delta_{\bar{y}}&\text{Kroneker delta}&\text{DES}&\text{detached eddy simulation}\\ \Delta_{m}&\text{mesh length scale}&\text{DT}&\text{draft tube}\\ \Delta R&\text{radial interval in pulsation tracing topology}&\text{FFT}&\text{fast-Fourier transformation}\\ \Delta\text{x}\text{y}\text{/}\underline{\kappa}&\text{side length of mesh element}&\text{GCI}&\text{grid convergence index}\\ \Delta\theta&\text{tangential interval in pulsation tracing topology}&\text{GV}&\text{guide vane}\\ \varepsilon&\text{eddy dissipation rate}&\text{LES}&\text{large-eddy simulation}\\ \eta&\text{efficiency}&\text{MRF}&\text{multiple reference frame}\\ \theta&\text{tangential direction}&\text{RANS}&\text{Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes}\\ \mu&\text{dynamic viscosity}&\text{RMS}&\text{root-mean-square}\\ \mu_{t}&\text{eddy viscosity}&\text{RN}&\text{runner}\\ \rho&\text{density}&\text{RSI}&\text{rotor stator interaction}\\ \sigma_{k}&\text{model constant of SST model}&\text{SST}&\text{shear stress transport}\\ \alpha_{\omega}&\text{model constant of SST model}&\text{SV}&\text{stay vane}\\ \omega&\text{rotational angular speed}&\text{VL}&\text{volute}\\ \end{array} \]