# Bio-Inspired Dynamic Trust and Congestion-Aware Zone-Based Secured Internet of Drone Things (SIoDT)
## 1 Introduction  
The Internet of Drone Things (IoDT) was created to control the airspace using drones; it is also called UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) combined with the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), which is a highly promising technology and creates huge benefits in both industrial and academic research. The IoV is an Internet-connected, self-organizing vehicular network that is capable of performing effective communication, and it can provide high road safety and self-navigation. However, IoV-based networks suffer from certain flaws, such as link disconnections, improper resource allocation, and high computational costs. In order to overcome this drawback, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are combined with it. Recently, VANETs were entered into super-fast networks with dynamically varying topology, which increased the energy consumption and routing overhead of the network. In order to overcome these drawbacks, drones were introduced in VANET-based networks. Drones are interconnected devices, so they can communicate among themselves. A drone maintains two network structures: UAV-UAV communication and UAV-infrastructure communication [1]. In general, drones are equipped with various sensors, cameras, GPS, signal transmitters, etc., and they are used for various applications, such as confidential communication, inaccessible surveillance, environmental observance, yield observance, farming, and disaster monitoring [2]. Drone-assisted VANETs maintain a heterogeneous structure, where the vehicular network is connected to the drones. The communication of this kind of network establishes vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-drone (V2D), and drone-to-drone (D2D) communication. Drone-aided VANETs provide more opportunities and functionalities to control network traffic. The major roles of drones are to provide temporal traffic indications, predict road traffic, define mobility patterns, pathway optimization, and intelligent vehicle connectivity [3]. Drones help to establish optimal places for ground vehicle communication [4], as applying drones to ground vehicle communication results in the increase in delay. So, it is essential to control delay using optimization in communication between the drones and the vehicles [5]. Drones were introduced in VANETs to improve the performance of VANETs in terms of congestion avoidance, energy consumption reduction, and security purposes. Due to the large-scale deployment of VANETs, it is very easy for attackers to enter into the network. Drones help to guarantee the integrity of the network [6]. They help to secure confidential information and the movement trajectories of the vehicles [7]. If the privacy of the network is high, then it becomes very complicated to attract vehicle users to enter into the network [8]. In order to achieve the complete benefits of the drone-aided VANET architecture, several issues need to be focused on. Initially, threats are high in VANETs because of their mobile nature. Various attackers can control the network during transmission. So, it is essential to improve the trust ability of the network. In a dynamic environment, it is difficult to control the congestion of the network. Due to high congestion, there is a possibility for the occurrence of high overhead and connectivity loss during communication. These are major issues that need to be addressed in drone-based VANETs. In this study, the challenges of drone-based VANETs are investigated, and the major contributions of this research study are as follows:  
* In this paper, the main aim is to improve the effectiveness of the drone-based Internet of Vehicles communication by reducing the congestion and energy consumption and by increasing the security, which were considered the major drawbacks in earlier research. For that purpose, bio-inspired dynamic trust and congestion-aware zone-based secured community with hybrid optimization is performed. * Initially, to improve the coverage area of the network, heterogeneous drone-based VANETs are constructed, which includes vehicles, cluster head (CH), and drones.