###### Abstract  
This paper looks at wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in healthcare, where they can monitor patients remotely. WSNs are considered one of the most promising technologies due to their flexibility and autonomy in communication. However, routing protocols in WSNs must be energy-efficient, with a minimal quality of service, so as not to compromise patient care. The main objective of this work is to compare two work schemes in the routing protocol algorithm in WSNs (cooperative and collaborative) in a home environment for monitoring the conditions of the elderly. The study aims to optimize the performance of the algorithm and the ease of use for people while analyzing the impact of the sensor network on the analysis of vital signs daily using medical equipment. We found relationships between vital sign metrics that have a more significant impact in the presence of a monitoring system. Finally, we conduct a performance analysis of both schemes proposed for the home tracking application and study their usability from the user's point of view. wireless sensor networks; robotics for healthcare; energy consumption algorithm +
Footnote †: journal: Journal of  
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networks can be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of cities by monitoring traffic flow, air quality and energy usage [4]. In healthcare, wireless sensor networks can be used to monitor patients remotely, such as monitoring vital signs for patients with chronic conditions or tracking the location and activity of elderly patients in assisted living facilities [5]. Additionally, wireless sensor networks can be used in disaster management to gather information and track the movement of people and resources in response to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and floods. Lastly, wireless sensor networks can be used for surveillance, such as monitoring large areas, such as borders, airports and public spaces for security and surveillance purposes [6]. Wireless technologies have enabled user mobility over a wide area in recent years without losing Internet connectivity. This change in the previous concept of networks has allowed the development of a wide range of applications and utilities to fully exploit all the options offered by this type of network. Wireless networks today use different configurations to best suit our uses and needs. Therefore, the terms cooperation and collaboration are used more frequently in telecommunications [7]. Routing protocols must have mechanisms for saving energy in nodes because recharging the nodes' batteries is a great inconvenience or impossible. As much as possible, all aspects of the nodes, from the hardware to the operations carried out in the protocol, should help distribute the energy load. When it comes to people monitoring services, it is crucial to consider that forgetting or impeding battery recharging is a problem that can lead to total system stoppage and jeopardize patient care [8]. Although productivity and low consumption are sought, the protocols must have minimum Quality of Service (QoS) schemes, guaranteeing a delay following application specifications and an acceptable delivery rate without compromising other aspects. Developing energy-efficient protocols should not be at the cost of obtaining deficiencies in the main attributes of the network. For this reason, this proposal for developing an algorithm for the routing protocol also monitors the performance of other metrics for adequate and efficient delivery of information, even more so due to the application of this proposed system, for monitoring the elderly. In caring for people, aging results in decreased sensory acuity inevitably, decreased muscular strength and endurance, impaired mobility, decreased mental clarity and impaired stability [9].