## 3 Results and Discussion
### Quasi-Static Compression Testing  
The series of collapsing photographs found in the quasi-static compression test are shown in Figure 3. The five lattice samples are the CP, BCC, FCC, BCC + CP, FCC + CP and the solid samples were subjected to compressive testing. It can be seen that the CP sample was collapsing layer-by-layer. This failure mode was reported and recognised as a \"sequential local collapse\". More specifically, the CP structure collapse did not break on the column, but its column was folding from side to side [14]. This incidence may indicate the presence of an uncontrolled element on the column, enabling the smooth transition of the upper layout from either a leftward or rightward direction [55]. The findings from the Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis of the CP framework in the literature revealed that the utmost strain occurs predominantly along the vertical edge of the CP. Moreover, it was observed that the strain is dispersed and mitigated at the bottom of the units. [56] that could be lead to result in a \"sequential local collapse\". The collapse of the BCC structure was due to bending, while the others were stretching-dominated, and it could be evidenced that all of the collapsing modes were independent of the Maxwell's number. This could be caused by the stress distribution from the FEA of the BCC structure occurring as the two pyramids joined at the top [21]. The FCC and FCC + CP were likely fractured with a layer-by-layer collapse, the same as the CP structure, but their fracture was 45 degrees and shifted to the side of the sample instead (see Figure 4). It seems that by introducing a Z column, the topological lattice structure could closely introduce the same shear stress level. Figure 3: The impression of the quasi-static compression of the lattice structure and a solid sample obtained from a vet uv curable photopolymer 3D printer. This complication shows samples with the CP combination of BCC + CP and FCC + CP had complications. The stress-strain curves obtained from a uniaxial compression test conducted on the CP structure are presented in Figure 5i. The CP structure exhibited a layer-by-layer collapse, which serves as a reference for all of the lattice structures. Its average yield strength was found to be 181.4 \(\pm\) 0.1 kN\(\cdot\)mm\({}^{-2}\), which translates to a 99.5% reduction from its solid material. While the CP structure had the least strength among the structures tested, but it remains a good representative of a lattice structure as it retains a layer-collapsing provision. In contrast, the BCC structure may have a different failure mode (bending-dominated), resulting in a notable plateau or plastic deformation in elastomer plastic. The compressive stress did not vary significantly (\(p\) = 0.06) between 14.7 and 48.9 per cent of the strain rate\({}^{\ddagger}\), and this plateau region in the BCC structure would exhibit similar results to that of the CP\({}^{\ddagger}\). Although the results show good agreement between the two structures in the plateau region, more experiments are required to confirm this statistically. Many articles have been written regarding BCC lattice structures; however, it should be noted that the occurrence of the plateau region on this type of structure is not always  
Figure 4: The angle views of the failure mode found in the FCC + CP structure show the stretching collapsed mode. Once, this FCC + CP sample was subjected to uniaxial compression testing. Figure 5: The cohort of stress-strain curves of (**i**) Cubic Perimeter (CP), (**ii**) BCC, (**iii**) FCC (**iv**) BCC + CP and (**v**) BCC + CP lattice structures from a quasi-static compression test based on ASTM D1621, The distinct colors indicate different reflections of the same structure. The depicted images illustrate a high degree of repeatability in various types of lattice structures when subjected to quasi-static loads. guaranteed.