## 3 Results and Discussion
### Antioxidative Properties of BP  
Several edible plants inherently possess radical scavenging activities because they are rich in antioxidative compounds, including vitamin C and polyphenols. To examine the antioxidative capacity of BP, the total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging, and ABTS radical scavenging activities were assessed. The TPC and TFC of the ethanol extract of BP are presented in Table 3. BP was dissolved in 70% ethanol; therefore, all solution was prepared with the identical vehicle (70% ethanol). BP contained TPC of 172.09 \(\pm\) 2.43 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and TFC of 28.97 \(\pm\) 1.20 quercetin equivalent (QE)/g. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the ethanol extracts are shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively. To verify the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, BHA, BHT, and ascorbic acid were used as positive controls. BHA (1000 ug/mL) scavenging DPPH at 72.32 \(\pm\) 0.15 and ABTS at 77.51 \(\pm\) 5.66 %. BHT (1000 ug/mL) also scavenged DPPH at 72.78 \(\pm\) 0.67 and ABTS at 83.52 \(\pm\) 2.47 %. Furthermore, 1000 ug/mL of ascorbic acid scavenged 85.03 \(\pm\) 0.36 of DPPH and 89.25 \(\pm\) 5.55 % of ABTS radical. BP scavenged DPPH radicals at 13.63 \(\pm\) 0.69, 20.25 \(\pm\) 0.39, 32.14 \(\pm\) 0.93, and 53.31 \(\pm\) 0.58 in a dose-dependent manner at 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 ug/mL, respectively; therefore, the IC\({}_{50}\) of BP for DPPH radical scavenging activities was estimated as 7367.02 ug/mL. Moreover, BP scavenged ABTS radicals 38.22 \(\pm\) 1.21, 48.45 \(\pm\) 0.88, 62.39 \(\pm\) 0.65, and 82.16 \(\pm\) 7.17 in a dose-dependent manner at 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 ug/mL, respectively; therefore, IC50 of BP for ABTS radical scavenging activities was estimated as 308.15 ug/mL. The extraction solvent for natural materials is important for antioxidative activity. In a previous study, _Boesenbergia pandurata_ (Roxb.) had lower antioxidative capacities than _Zingiber officinal Roscoe_ by water extraction owing to less elution of polyphenols, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid [8]. However, when an organic  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & _Boesenbergia pandurata_ (Roxb.) Powder \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Proximate composition} & Moisture & 2.51 \(\pm\) 0.05 3  \\ \cline{2-3}  & Crude protein & 8.90 \(\pm\) 0.13 \\  & Crude fat & 3.24 \(\pm\) 0.16 \\  & Crude ash & 4.94 \(\pm\) 0.17 \\  & Carbohydrate 1  \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Proximate composition} & L* 2  \\ \cline{2-3}  & L* 2  \\ \cline{2-3}  & L* 2  \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Color} & L* 2  \\ \cline{2-3}  & L* 2  \\ \cline{2-3}  & L* 2  \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Proximate composition, quality characteristics, and Hunter color properties of _Boesenbergia pandurata_ (Roxb.) powder.  
solvent such as ethanol was used for extraction, _Boesenbergia pandurata_ (Roxb.) exhibited relatively higher antioxidative capacities than _Zingiber officinal_[8]. In this study, we also used ethanol as an extraction solvent; therefore, our method is suitable for maintaining the higher antioxidative capacities of _Boesenbergia pandurata_ (Roxb.).