## 2 Relevant Research  
With the development of hardware technology, WMSNs have been widely used in various fields, including target monitoring, tracking and environmental monitoring. Wireless multimedia sensor networks introduce multimedia sensors such as audio and video into wireless sensor networks. WMSNs are generally used in real-time applications with high bandwidth and low latency. In recent years, researchers have done a lot of research on routing algorithms, and many routing protocols are proposed according to the performance requirements of different applications. If multimedia data is transmitted through a single path, the energy of the forwarding node will be exhausted rapidly and the node will fail. Multipath routing method constructs multiple paths between source and target nodes, divides data into multiple paths equally, and makes more nodes participate to prolong the lifetime of nodes and networks. Data sent by multipath routing is more secure and reliable than single-path routing [4]. Multipath routing has been widely used in different requirements, such as improving the reliability of data transmission, providing fault-tolerant routing, congestion control and QoS support. Early multipath routing was proposed based on traditional wireless sensor networks (such as ad hoc networks). To be used in wireless sensor networks, it is necessary to consider the unique characteristics of wireless sensor networks (such as limited energy supply, computing power and memory capacity) and short-range wireless communications (such as signal fading and interference) [5; 6; 7]. Due to the large amount of multimedia information collected by WMSNs, the energy consumption of data acquisition, processing, storage, and wireless transceiver is relatively large, especially around sink nodes, energy holes are easily formed, which seriously affects the performance of WSN [8]. The network lifetime can be improved by balancing the energy load distribution around sink nodes, and how to alleviate energy holes around sink nodes is also an important research direction. Nodes can use location technology to obtain their own geographic location information. According to coordinate information, nodes can avoid blind flooding of routing detection packets and efficiently discover and maintain routing, which has good scalability and robustness. This paper mainly studies the multipath routing protocol based on geographic location information. [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed a DGR multipath routing protocol solves the problem of bandwidth and energy limitation in real-time video streaming. From a small number of scattered video sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSN), data is transmitted to sink nodes by combining forward error correction (FEC) coding. [PERSON] et al. [10] offers an algorithm is a two-stage geographic path greedy protocol, which supports the shortest path routing and multipath routing around wormholes. The two phases of TPGF are based on geographic information forwarding and path optimization. Repeated execution of TGPF can find multiple paths to send data. However, it only considers the formation of multipath paths, without considering the interference between paths and traffic distribution. [PERSON] et al. [11] based on the improvement of SPEED protocol, SPEED protocol maintains a transmission speed throughout the network, which is not suitable for various data types of wireless multimedia sensor networks. RTGOR designed different QoS services in terms of real-time and reliability. [PERSON] et al. [12] proposed a geographic multipath routing (TIGMR) protocol based on triangular link quality metrics and minimum path interference, which discovers disjoint paths of multiple nodes in the IEEE 802.15.4 compatible network. The cross-layer routing protocol selects forwarding nodes based on triangular link quality metrics, residual energy and distance, and predicts the smallest adjacent path interference effect.