## 3 Data and Method
### Workflow of the Developed Methodology
#### 3.2.3 Project and Management Planning  
Project planning is a multi-faceted process that starts with the establishment of clear objectives, i.e., identifying energy losses, proposing energy efficiency solutions, and reducing the carbon footprint of the university's dormitories. The successful development of these objectives is supported by the deployment of up-to-date technologies (e.g., Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) with thermal cameras, GNSS receivers, and Terrestrial Laser Scanners), which enables reliable thermal performance assessment. The planning phase also includes designing educational and participatory activities to engage students in sustainable energy practices, seamlessly blending technical interventions with community involvement. Project management activities ensure the coordination of various tasks, from the technical assessment of building stock to the implementation of energy-saving measures and the support of student engagement initiatives. This involves scheduling, resource allocation, budgeting, and continuous monitoring to ensure that project milestones are met, goals are achieved, and resources are utilised efficiently. A critical aspect of project management is to obtain the necessary permits for drone surveys and comply with the regulations set by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Addressing potential risks and challenges that range from technical hurdles in data collection, equipment functionality and data accuracy to the variability of environmental conditions affecting thermal assessments, the project team employed a proactive approach to risk management, identifying potential risks, assessing their impact, and developing contingency plans to mitigate them. An important aspect that has to be considered is UAS legislation and regulations. Familiarity with local UAS regulations and restrictions is the first consideration for any UAS application. Three key issues encapsulated in most UAS regulations include thefollowing [18]: (1) the regulated use of airspace by UAS; (2) the imposition of operational limitations; (3) addressing procedures for the administration of flight permissions, pilot licenses and data collection authorisation [19]. The integration of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS)-derived thermal imagery of building facades into Building Information Models (BIM) offers significant potential for enhanced building energy audits. However, the accurate spatial registration of these images within the BIM environment is impeded by inherent characteristics such as low textural complexity and high geometric distortion [3; 20]. Additionally, in both the United States and Europe, various standards and guidelines promote energy-efficient building rehabilitation. In the U.S., standards like ASHRAE 90.1 set the baseline for energy-efficient design, while programs like LEED encourage sustainable building practices. European standards, such as the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), mandate energy performance requirements for new and existing buildings, driving renovation efforts across the continent. Moreover, in the context of digitalisation within the EU, the University, as a public institution, must in the future adopt and standardise domains such as its heritage, taking into account ISO 19650-2019, which refers to the organisation and digitisation of information about buildings and civil engineering works, including Building Information Modelling (BIM). Asset Information Models (AIM) and Project Information Models (PIM) are structured databases that centralise critical decision-making information throughout the lifecycle of a construction asset. These models encompass the design and construction phases of new assets, as well as the rehabilitation of existing ones, plus the operation and maintenance of assets. An expansion in the volume and diversity of information stored in these information models is anticipated, which will be increasingly used, especially in the project completion and asset management phases.