## 4 Towards a Complete Solution by Means of an ICT Structure
And as a result, it is possible to obtain:  
* Concerning therapeutic decisions: As a consequence of data processing, artificial intelligence modeling, and optimization processes, the platform has to be ready to offer a BG prediction as continuous information for the patient or remote caregivers in order to forecast an undesirable situation, adopt autonomous therapeutic decisions in a safe way in order to avoid hyperglycemia or to maintain euglycemia (normal levels of glycemia) in well-known situations, and give  
Figure 1: Proposed layered structure for an artificial pancreas. therapeutic advice, that is, create valuable knowledge offering guidelines that could be helpful to both the patient and the clinical staff. * Emergency management: A comprehensive management system must be ready to deal with a risky situation. For instance, when hypoglycemia occurs, insulin delivery should be stopped and the patient's awareness should be checked, for example, by asking him or her and awaiting a reaction. In case of loss of consciousness, making an automatic call to the emergency services with a description of the situation and a GPS location would be an expected behavior of the platform. * Clinical data exchange for caregivers: Health-care researchers can benefit from an easy and real-time exchange of data that have been previously filtered and processed, and the platform should then be ready to incorporate professionals' feedback. This remote data exchange will also enable parents (in the case of diabetic children) and elderly people's caregivers to control from afar and also to use automatic notifications in the case of abnormal situations. This structure needs to be networked properly. In this sense, as can be seen in Figure 2, the system architecture would be composed of a local gateway (smartphone) that is connected to the Internet via 4G or through a domestic WiFi. The smartphone will be exclusive for each patient. It is on the Internet that it is possible to place the data warehouse and a processing center, as well as the modeling core. Moreover, by using the Internet, the management of the system via a Web browser will be possible. The smartphone is responsible for collecting data from the sensors. It also has to be reliable to establish and manage connections with devices that are attached to the patient. By using several methods of communication (BLE is a good candidate, but 6 LoWPAN, NFC, and so on can also be used), the exchange of data becomes possible so that a plethora of biometric meters can be interlinked. BLE has been developed to have a very low consumption of energy, even lower than 6 LoWPAN. This is possible due to a simplified protocol that facilitates the scanning and a required standby time before the transmission of data, thanks to the reduction from 16 channels to only 3 for advertising [55]. In addition, connection is faster and takes place automatically when scanning, so connection and transmission are available in the mentioned 3 ms. The BLE peak current is under 17.5 mA, so coin cell batteries are adequate as a power supply, which is a very important feature in the interest of miniaturization. Figure 2: Diagram of the flows of data. Sensors which lie on a patient's skin could connect by using Bluetooth, NFC, or other means of communication.