## 3 Results and Discussion
### Key IoT Trends for Energy-Efficient 6G in Smart Cities
Hence, the trends in 6G and IoT development show that, in the future, it is likely that smart cities will be safer in terms of privacy and confidentiality as the systems will be able to transfer and store data using strong security protocols [58]. This would also lead to an increase in the trust of the users and public, leading to the enhanced applicability of IoT systems based on 6G technology. Moreover, it is also noted that the collaborative use of 6G technology and IoT system leads to the development of diverse architectures with the potential to gather large amounts of data. New driving trends, such as Smart Reflective Surfaces and Environments, may emerge as a result of the 6G wireless system. The smart reflecting surfaces, according to this concept, serve as walls, highways, entrances, and complete structures. When driving, this also aids in maintaining a clear line of sight and obtaining high-quality signals [26; 59]. As a consequence, when a 6G communication network is used in the system, there will be little to no risk of loss or accidents on the roadways. [PERSON] et al. [59] and [PERSON] et al. [9] noted that the use of 6G technology could lead to the large-scale application of IoT systems with technologies such as AI and big data analytics. Through the development of these systems, IoT systems in smart cities could be developed to provide a more convenient and safer transportation infrastructure. Additionally, these systems are likely to enhance the security of smart cities, making people more comfortable. Another critical feature of 6G technology is AI-based computer vision using deep learning, which was recently worked on in many applications [60]. As per [PERSON] et al. [22] and [PERSON] et al. [61], in smart cities, 6G wireless connectivity might be a new trend in wireless energy transfer and collection. Energy transfer for harvesting may be accomplished in smart cities utilizing 6G cellular networks, according to this approach. A highly positive effect on the environment can be noted through the development of such trends, as they will reduce the large number of carbon footprints. Hence, these benefits of 6G technology and IoT in smart cities are motivating researchers to find convenient, cost-effective, and efficient solutions that can easily be employed to enhance the infrastructure of smart cities [62; 63]. Moreover, in the coming years, it is expected that a 6G wireless communication system will be useful in minimizing the heterogeneous hardware constraints. This implies that the 6G communication would revolutionize interactions among individuals in smart cities. Access points and mobile terminals may be needed for fast and error-free communication that will be entirely different from the hardware setting [42]. It is also expected that MIMO techniques can further be upgraded in the 6G architecture for advanced-level communication. A 6G wireless system may also give rise to new driving trends, such as Smart Reflective Surfaces and Environments. It even helps to maintain a line of sight and obtain high-quality signals when driving [26]. As a result, there would be minimal to no chances of loss or accidents on the roads when a 6G communication network is employed in the system. Likewise, [PERSON] et al. [63] claims that there is an emerging trend of 6G communication in the network layer. Within this domain, there is a traffic and mobility prediction that allows for smart cities to improve prediction accuracy in traffic. Moreover, 6G may even promote mobility and handover management intelligent network management, which could minimize accidents. According to [PERSON] et al. [62], there is another emerging trend of employing 6G in the smart grid system, so that a number of IoT devices can be connected to ensure real-time remote monitoring of the system. Table 2 provides a comparison between the technologies being discussed with respect to smart cities and wireless communication.