## 4 Discussion  
Strawberry quality attributes from regional farm samples measured as SSC and TA were strongly influenced by the year the samples were taken. Nearly all measurements changed in the same direction from one year to the next. SSC was lowest in 2018 (6.32%) and highest in 2019 (8.32%). Every farm exhibited increased SSC and TA in 2019 compared to 2018, and fruit from all farms increased in TA from 2018 to 2019 to 2020. This consistent pattern suggests that regional weather may have been controlling TA and SSC at harvest. Indeed, when we closely examined weather data before harvest, we found that the differential between the average daily temperature and the lowest minimum temperature between flowering to pink fruit was most strongly associated with high SSC and TA content in ripe fruit, more so than average daily temperature or lowest minimum temperature alone. Solar radiation was less strongly correlated with SSC and TA, but this variable is collinear with the temperature differential as clear skies are associated with both warm days and cool nights. Rainfall was not significantly correlated with TA or SSC across years or within a year, likely because growers manage soil moisture with irrigation, so the commercial plantings were never affected by lack of rainfall. Our findings suggest that warm days coupled with occasionally cold nights promoted sugar accumulation in developing fruit. Many other studies have found that exposing \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Plot Comparison**} & **Probability of Correctly** & **Probability of Correctly** \\  & **Identifying a Difference in** & **Identifying a Difference in** \\  & **Taste Test** & **Sniff Test** \\ \hline CON + to ORG + & 32\% & 31\% \\ CON \(\circ\) to LOC + & 20\% & 41\% \\ CON \(\circ\) to ORG \(\circ\) & 17\% & 28\% \\ CON \(\circ\) to CON \(-\) & 15\% & 32\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Likelihood of correctly identifying a different pair of “Jewel” strawberries grown under different management regimes in two separate sensory evaluations. The taste test compiles observations from 28 panelists, the sniff test compiles observations from 29 panelists. Management regimes: Conventional (CON), Organic (ORG), and Low Carbon Conventional (LOC). Treatments fertilized annually with 50 kg N\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\) (\(-\)), 100 kg N\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\) (o), or 100 kg N\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\) with intensive application of biological supplements (+). developing fruit to high temperatures decreases SSC content in ripe fruit. For example, in temperate climates, high air temperatures have been found to negatively correlate with SSC [17]. Subtropical production areas see a rise in temperatures over the course of the season, and the seasonal decline in sweetness is relatively well-documented [22; 24; 37]. Both warm and cool temperatures can be associated with SSC and TA accumulation, although their positive effects occur at different times during fruit development. The closer to ripening, the more warm temperatures negatively affect SSC at harvest [23]. Our study found that the larger the difference between warm and cool temperatures during fruit development prior to coloring, the more SSC and TA at harvest. In contrast to temperature effects on SSC and TA, we did not find a relationship between weather variables or the temperature differential with aroma volatiles. Volatile amounts were extremely variable from year-to-year and from farm-to-farm, and we were unable to discern any pattern. Year-to-year variation in SSC and TA content during fruit development is large enough to have perceptible impacts on flavor perception and is likely a major contributor to the reputation for inconsistency in strawberry quality [1]. A trained sensory panel can detect a perceptible change in sour taste with a 0.08% shift in TA, while a perceptible change in sweet taste can be expected at 1% change, although SSC was found to be a less dependable predictor for sweet taste than the TA measurement for sour taste [38].