# Streetlight Control System Based on Wireless Communication over DALI Protocol
## 5 Experimental Results: Test Scenarios
### Onsite Test  
The lighting control system has been installed in two towns within the province of Cordoba, in the Andalusia region in southern Spain. In both cases, the system was deployed without any incidents and is currently being used. Before the deployment of the system, a photometric study was performed to determine the correct location of the lamps. Figure 19 shows, in detail, the type of luminaries installed in the city centers of both towns. Thanks to the wireless communication, no new wiring was necessary. The network created is a linear network with a depth of 7. The coordinator node, together with the embedded computer, is located inside of the town hall, at the end of street. Figure 20a shows the connection and placement of the wireless node with the ballast, whereas Figure 20b shows the location of the system in the luminaires. The RF antenna is located on the outer side of the luminaire. Figure 19: (**a**) General overview of the street; (**b**) Details of the lamp post installation. Figure 20: (**a**) Wireless node and ballast; (**b**) Installation of the node into the luminaire. As an example, Figure 21 shows a graph with real data obtained during three different days (24-25 April: red, 13-14 May: green and 7-8 May: purple) from a lamp installed at the street. The running sequence is as follows:  
* Lights are turned on later every day due to the daily delay of the sunset. At sunset the lamp is turning on at 70% set point (smooth turn-on and warming period). * 30 min later the set point is set at 80% (full illumination set point). * At 11:00 p.m. the dimming is reduced to 60% until 7 a.m. of the following day (saving mode operation). * At 7 a.m. is set again at 70% until sunrise (sunrise turn-off mode). The smooth turn-on and warming period is performed to optimize their lifespan and reduce peaks, flickers and other instabilities that used to appear in the main grid when switching on a huge number of lamps. After the smooth turn-on period the dimming increases to turn into full illumination. Later the dimming is set to the saving mode operation. From that moment onwards when starts the sunrise turn-off mode (turns again to 70% until sunrise when are turned-off). As can be seen, on 14 May, these lamps did not reached the sunrise turn-off mode as the sunrise happened before 7 a.m. The most common control modes for streetlighting that can be found are those based on controlling the on-off timespan of the lighting using astronomical time relays (ATRs). In this manner, the lamp will be switched on at 100% at sunset and will switched off when sunrise, _i.e._, the lamp will be at 100% during its entire operation time. Another very common control mode is the last one combined with double-level ballast (DLB), by which the lamp starts lighting at 100% and drops to 70% several hours later (defined manually by microswitches by the technical operator) [49]. The proposed system clearly presents advantages _versus_ the others mentioned, both in technical aspects as well as in economic and environmental ones. The energy savings that can be extracted from Figure 21 are about 30%-40% of the overall operation time of each lamp as shown in Table 2, _versus_ the ATR or DLB modes, and comply with lighting level regulations. The savings can be even higher because the lighting levels at 60% of the setpoint are still higher than the threshold established by regulations. In addition, the remote management interface enables the lighting schedule to be changed in real time to easily adapt the lighting levels and timing to needs, in an easier and more powerful way than the aforemen  
Figure 21: Data collected by the SCADA system (lamp #1). Once proven that the proposed system runs as expected and using the experimental data gathered a simulation of the expected behavior for a whole year (January to December) have been done for the onsite installation mentioned. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.