## 3 Results and Discussion
### Fungi on the Seed Surface  
Fungal infestations constitute a persistent problem for improperly stored seeds, which brings losses of the seeding material, generates additional costs and is inappropriate from a sustainable ecology point of view. During our observation of basic microbiota present in the examined seeds, certain trends were observed when assessing the infestation of seeds of selected species by fungi. The seeds were highly contaminated. With longer GAD application times to water, a reduction in the number of fungi inhabiting the seeds can be observed. A total of 13 fungal species were identified in _Beta vulgaris_. Colony counts for each species and treatment condition are summarized in Table 5. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_Beta Vulgaris_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_Daucus Carota_} \\ \cline{2-5}  & \(\mathbf{G_{EN}}\) & \(\mathbf{G_{C}}\) & \(\mathbf{G_{EN}}\) & \(\mathbf{G_{C}}\) \\ \hline Control & 0.78 b & 0.9 ab & 0.08 abcd & 0.08 abcd \\ \hline NaOCl & 0.9 ab & 0.94 ab & 0.4 ef & 0.42 f \\ \hline PAW 5\({}^{\prime}\) & 0.94 ab & 0.94 ab & 0.06 ab & 0.22 cdef \\ \hline PAW 10\({}^{\prime}\) & 0.94 ab & 0.98 a & 0.1 ac & 0.22 bdef \\ \hline PAW 20\({}^{\prime}\) & 1.0 a & 1.0 a & 0.18 abcde & 0.18 abcde \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Statistical analysis of germination results. The letter indicators next to the means determine the statistically homogeneous groups. In total, the largest numbers of colonies were observed for _Epicocum nigrum_, _Conostachys rose_ and _Alternaria alternata_. Compared to the control, all PAW treatments eliminated fungi such as _Botrytis cinerea_, _Fusarium solani_ and _Truncatella truncata_ with the same efficiency as the sodium hypochlorite treatment. For _Aspergillus niger_, the reduction occurred only for PAW \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Species of Fungus** & **Control** & **NaOCI** & **GA5\({}^{\prime}\)** & **GA10\({}^{\prime}\)** & **GA20\({}^{\prime}\)** & **Total** \\ \hline _Alternaria alternata_ (Fr.) Keissl. & 2 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 11 & 14 \\ _Aspergillus niger_ & 3 & 0 & 2 & 0 & 0 & 5 \\ _Botrytis cinerea_ & Pers. & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\ _Chaetomium oscillides_ & [PERSON] & 0 & 0 & 5 & 0 & 2 & 7 \\ _Clonostachys rose_ & 0 & 16 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 16 \\ _Epicocum nigrum_ & Link & 0 & 0 & 10 & 8 & 0 & 18 \\ _Fusarium solani_ (Mart.) [PERSON]. & 2 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 2 \\ _Penicillium expansum_ & Link & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ _Penicillium nigricians_ & [PERSON]. [PERSON]. & 1 & 0 & 2 & 0 & 0 & 3 \\ _Truncatella truncata_ & [PERSON]. & 2 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 2 \\ _Trichoderma lrazinum_ & [PERSON] & 0 & 4 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 6 \\ _Trichoderma koningii_ & [PERSON]. & 2 & 2 & 0 & 3 & 0 & 7 \\ _Trichothecium roseum_ (Pers.) Link & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 \\ Total & 13 & 22 & 21 & 12 & 17 & 85 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Results of statistical analysis. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Beta Vulgaris** & **Daucus Carota** \\ \hline \hline  & & & & & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline \hline  & & & & \\ \  
with a treatment time of 10 min. On the other hand, for some treatment times, more colonies of _Alternaria alternata_, _Epicoccum nigrum_ and _Penicillium expansum_ were observed. The results obtained for _Daucus carota_ are summarized in Table 6.  
The highest number of colonies was observed for the _Alternaria alternata_ species, which was completely resistant to PAW treatment but was entirely removed by NaOCl. On the other hand, high numbers of colonies were observed for the species _Cladosporium sp._ and _Stemphylinum botryosum_, which were only detected for the treatment with sodium hypochlorite. This may result from the surface effect of PAW, the relatively low concentration of disinfective hydrogen peroxide, and also from high primary contamination of seeds, especially carrots, as a result of improper storage.