## 1 Introduction  
Nowadays, countries such as Kuwait have a long, hot, dry summer (almost eight months); hence, conventional air conditioning systems (HVAC) are standard in most buildings. The increasing need for refrigeration drives up electrical power consumption. In Kuwait, over 70% of all energy goes toward powering building air conditioning systems. As a result, thermal energy storage (TES) tanks accumulate cooling energy during off-peak hours to minimize energy usage during peak hours. The chillers are used at night (during off-peak hours) to charge energy storage devices; then, they are released during on-peak time to help meet the building's cooling needs. So, when cooling storage is included in district cooling systems, cool thermal energy storage plays an essential part in the control of peak loads and the solution to the intermittency issue of renewable energy sources. Therefore, the cool thermal energy storage (CTES) system is used through the off-peak period to compensate for the on-peak energy demand. To store energy, the chillers run throughout the off-peak period. Later, the stored energy is recovered throughout the on-peak period to cover the building cooling requirement. Some studies were illustrated using tubes for energy storage. [PERSON] [1] introduced an experimental analysis for ice growth on the exterior copper tube surfaces dipped in water in a separate vessel. The results implied that the ice axial growth rate was distinctive at a low Reynolds number, which lowered the freezing times. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [2] presented an experimental examination for ice creation on a horizontal tube in vertical banks exposed to falling-film-jet mode. It showed that the ice creation was controlled by tube pitch and time. Besides, the maximum ice layer was achieved after 45 min, which was identical to one-half of the pitch. [PERSON] et al. [3] accomplished an experimental analysis of the storage capacity in shell-and-tube by using four PCM composites. The study was implemented for the Reynolds number range Re: 500-14,500. The outcomes disclosed that the obtained storage capacity was twice the ideal stratified-water-storage tank when using the pentadecane-EG composite at Re = 4300. Experimental work for counter-current spiral coils submerged in water was introduced by [PERSON] et al. [4]. It was concluded that the most negligible energy intake was attained at the speediest charging experiments. [PERSON] [5] presented a study to form an ice-parallel round tube coil subjected to several falling film modes. It was revealed that 170 W/m\({}^{2}\) and nearly 1.73 g/m\({}^{2}\) s of ice were produced in jet mode. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [6] used the Taguchi method to examine the fine layer rings' impact on ice growth in a rectangular area. [PERSON] et al. [7] provided experimental research on the effect of inserting fins into metal foam at the pace at which water solidifies. The study demonstrated that incorporating fins increased the space in which water froze. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] numerically and experimentally studied ice creation in thermal storage systems using fine rings and annular fins all around coils. Ice production was enhanced by 21% and 34% when using rings and annular fins. Experiments by [PERSON] et al. [9] analyzed the storage time of latent heat as a thermal energy storage system. The outcomes implied that heat transfer and temperature summaries were marginally influenced by the charging time throughout the first 30 min. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [10] experimented with different parameters for the ice-on-coil systems. The results implied that the inlet flow rate and temperature considerably influence the charging and discharging processes. Some studies have been performed in a spherical capsule. [PERSON] et al. [11] conducted experimental work on the water within spherical shells to examine the heat transfer beyond freezing and melting. The results demonstrated that the total charging time was reduced.