## 1 Introduction
Increasingly, research has been focusing on controlling the structure of induced vibrations by selecting millisecond delay to local conditions, which allows not only for reducing vibration intensity but also for increasing damping when transitioning from the ground to the foundation [18; 19]. This is an important issue because the Polish standard PN-B-02170:2016-12 predicts the assessment of impact based on vibrations measured at the building's foundation [1; 20; 21]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] observed that vibration magnitude in structures decreases with increased structure height. The dominant frequency of blast vibrations plays a crucial role in vibration persistence and its amplification or reduction characteristics in structures [22; 23; 24]. Several methods and models have been developed to predict and optimize blast-induced ground vibrations [25; 26; 27; 28]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] proposed a hybrid intelligent model using a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) optimized with a particle swarm algorithm (PSO) for vibration prediction [10; 29]. The occurrence of mining tremors in underground mines is due to mechanical stress in the rock mass caused by exploitation activities [30; 31; 32; 33]. [PERSON] et al. estimated the impact of high-energy mining-induced events in fault zones on building damage and concluded that seismic energy propagation from the hypocenter of  
Figure 1: Percentage share of vibrations recorded by a single device over a quarter period from three neighboring mines. mining-induced events causes an uneven distribution of damage to buildings located on the ground surface [34; 35; 36; 37]. In mining areas where tremors induced by mining activities occur, monitoring stations are localized [38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43], enabling the development of local models for predicting peak horizontal vibration velocities (\(PGV_{Hmax}\)). The choice of this parameter is related to its use for assessing the intensity and harmfulness of vibrations according to the Mining Seismic Intensity Scale MSIS-2017 [44; 45; 46; 47]. However, there is a lack of research comparing the impact on the same building structures of vibrations generated by blasting operations in an open-pit mine and mining tremors induced from underground coal mines. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of vibrations on a building induced by the detonation of explosive charges during blasting operations in an open-pit mine with the impact on the same building caused by mining-induced tremors from underground coal mining. For this purpose, devices were used that monitor vibrations in the vicinity of the open-pit mine (triggered by blasting operations) and simultaneously record mining tremors. The dynamic impact scales (SWD scales) commonly used in Poland, in accordance with the PN-B-02170:2016-12 standard, as well as the Mining Seismic Intensity Scale (MSIS-2017), were used for the calculations and analysis of the recorded vibrations. It is not often possible to measure vibrations induced from two sources with significantly different characteristics and compare the impact of these vibrations on the same building. The considerations undertaken in this work are an attempt to fill this gap.