# Modern MultiPort Converter Technologies: A Systematic Review
## 5 Conclusions  
The current state of system technologies, research, and application of conventional and novel control methods is presented in a review of multiport converters technologies. This review paper provides information regarding multiport converters, with the goal of guiding academics, designers, and application engineers toward a better understanding of technical characteristics, operation principles, and a selection process for these types of converters. The paper is focused not only on the multiport converters' classification, which is based on the isolation characteristics, but also takes into consideration other important aspects inherent in this type of power electronic devices. Among other major characteristics are the multiport converter's structure, power flow direction and gain coefficients. In recent review papers dedicated to multiport converter technologies, the focus is on multiport converters designed for renewable energy sources applications. The current review includes research works from the fields of renewable energy sources, electrical vehicles, energy storage systems, and micro-grids where multiport converters are also quite important. This report reviewed more than sixty research papers and articles published between 1996 and 2023 that are dedicated to the investigation of multiport converters' operation and performance. The up-to-date information regarding these technologies can help the readers to find the most important concepts and efficient ways of utilizing these concepts in the field of multiport converters. A description of the multiport converters' primary functioning principles, classification, topologies, and control methods is provided. This article classifies different types of multiport converters and makes it easier to understand major ideas related to the operation, control, and characteristics of multiport converters. The major goal of the multiport converters is to accomplish a single-stage power conversion that primarily integrates different power sources while maintaining their unique characteristics, such as maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems and charging or discharging characteristics for batteries. The development of multiport converters is mainly focused on relatively low-power modular systems. The modular design, which may be used with multiport converters to produce low-power photovoltaic and battery interface energy systems rated at hundreds of watts to one kilowatt, is also gaining popularity. The limitations and difficulties that each type of multiport converter must overcome have been identified. All MPCs have some drawbacks, but depending on the requirements that must be met, they can be used in an efficient way. It can be said that non-isolated multiport converters are ideal for low-power applications due to their affordability and efficiency features. This category of multiport converters is applicable particularly for low-power operations. Due to its capacity to combine the benefits of both non-isolated and completely isolated multiport converters, partially isolated multiport converters are a useful option in a variety of applications. High-power applications are better suited for isolated multiport converters. Therefore, it is important to consider trade-off factors when selecting a certain topology for a given application. Additionally, it is shown that the application of different techniques can improve the characteristics of MPCs. For instance, zero-voltage-switching can improve the system's overall performance while reducing stress. The MPC system becomes more stable thanks to the use of soft switching technologies. The provided information can help not only in the selection process of multiport converters and control techniques for various applications based on their classification but also in synthesizing different topologies for newly emerging applications.