# A Literature Review on the Charging Behaviour of Private Electric Vehicles
## 1 Introduction
For example, battery range was rated less critical for people who have owned EVs longer than neophytes or conventional car owners. On the other hand, charging anxiety seems less present among early adopters, while potential users appear more concerned of not having enough autonomy or sufficient charging infrastructure [19]. Battery life is considered a more critical factor for internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) owners than EV owners [15], although it has emerged that range and battery charging are the two main reasons for dissatisfaction among EV users [16]. According to surveys and interviews, traditional car buyers' knowledge and awareness of EV charging infrastructure are currently low [20], possibly because of a scarcity of intentions to buy an EV or continue to use the specific knowledge derived from experience with ICEVs when buyers imagine using EVs. This fact should be considered in analyses, as some surveys infer charging behavior from data that include ICEV owners. This work collects several studies that focus on the charging habits and choices of private EV owners in urban areas based on technological, environmental, or socio-demographic variables. Some of these studies are explicitly dedicated to the investigation of charging behavior, while others aim to acquire other results, such as the determination of the optimal locations for charging structures, the smart management of charging requests at stations, or the assessment of demand for scenarios of the penetration of electric mobility. Our own aim is to highlight prevalent criteria regarding charging behavior, detect different approaches across studies, and identify gaps in this research field. We also want to illustrate the different data frameworks and related limits. Given the vastness of the subject, establishing a classification based on a single interpretation is practically impossible. We have therefore decided to present the papers based on the approaches used. In particular, we identify the following:  
1. Review works;
2. Articles focused on demand-side data (mobility or charging behaviors);
3. Works based on offer-side data (usage of the charging infrastructure). We further categorize the works based on the subject they investigate within the previous larger macro-categories. It should be noted that the categorization used is somewhat arbitrary and obviously not definitive, as some studies rely on multiple data sources and produce intricate and multifaceted findings. Our goal is to identify the shared characteristics of urban charging behavior. Consequently, we will pay particular attention to the aspects related to users' decision-making processes. In the next section, we will briefly outline the search parameters used for collecting the papers. Afterwards, we will present a roundup of recent review work that has dealt with the EV charging behavior. We then present the results of some studies investigating the charging behavior of private EV users. Lastly, we highlight common factors and differences in the behaviors observed in the different contexts. The conclusions also present some topics worth considering for future research.