## 3 Results
### Calculation Results and Analysis of Carbon Footprint Pressure Index  
#### 3.2.1 Temporal Variation Characteristics of the Carbon Footprint Pressure Index  
The carbon footprint pressure index [37; 38] was employed to analyze land use carbon emission pressure across each county and district within the study area. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountain region in Hebei Province comprises multiple counties and districts, each following its own unique trajectory of social and economic development. As a result, significant disparities are evident in both their levels of social and economic development, as well as their growth rates. In light of this complex and diverse regional development context, the land use carbon footprint pressure index in this area displays a wide range of characteristics among different counties and districts, regardless of the specific numerical values of the index or its trends over time. When examined from a temporal perspective, the organization and analysis of relevant data reveal a distinct phased characteristic. As shown in the data presented in Table 3, from 2010 to 2015, the carbon emission footprint pressure index in the majority of counties and districts demonstrated a predominantly upward trend. The underlying causes of this shift were closely linked to the rapid advancement of urbanization and the acceleration of economic development occurring throughout the region during that period. In the context of urbanization, the boundaries of numerous counties and districts have expanded outward, transforming rural land into urban construction sites. As a result, ecological lands like farmland, forest land, and grassland were gradually supplanted by reinforced concrete. For instance, in Wangdu County, the rapid pace of urbanization has led to the emergence of numerous new residential communities, commercial centers, and industrial parks. During the construction phase, substantial amounts of building materials, including cement and steel, were consumed. Furthermore, the production processes of these materials themselves were energy-intensive and carbon-emission-intensive. Simultaneously, to cater to the living requirements of the newly increased urban population and \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Counties and Districts** & **2010** & **2015** & **2020** \\ \hline Fuping County & 0.59 & 1.14 & 1.19 \\ Laishui County & 1.03 & 1.26 & 1.25 \\ Laiyuan County & 0.82 & 1.08 & 1.09 \\ Quyang County & 45.23 & 64.89 & 56.66 \\ Shunping County & 16.81 & 19.15 & 18.75 \\ Tang County & 7.61 & 9.58 & 9.32 \\ Wangdu County & 15,334.98 & 17,335.77 & 14,432.95 \\ Yi County & 2.18 & 2.48 & 2.34 \\ Chengde County & 0.54 & 0.87 & 0.88 \\ Fengning Manchu Autonomous County & 0.56 & 0.66 & 0.66 \\ Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County & 0.29 & 0.66 & 0.82 \\ Longhua County & 0.47 & 0.61 & 0.60 \\ Pingquan City & 1.07 & 1.65 & 1.65 \\ Guyuan County & 12.96 & 13.39 & 13.28 \\ Huai’an County & 6.95 & 6.85 & 6.31 \\ Kangbao County & 32.72 & 19.22 & 18.40 \\ Shangyi County & 4.63 & 2.02 & 2.07 \\ Wanquan District & 10.65 & 14.33 & 13.85 \\ Yu County & 3.10 & 3.46 & 3.34 \\ Xuanhua District & 5.84 & 8.80 & 8.61 \\ Yangyuan County & 6.17 & 8.13 & 8.02 \\ Zhangbei County & 17.38 & 15.35 & 15.42 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Time-variation table of carbon footprint pressure index. the operational needs of various industries, transportation facilities were continuously enhanced. The number of private cars witnessed a sharp increase, and the operation frequency of public transportation also rose significantly. Consequently, energy consumption in the transportation sector remained persistently high, leading to a substantial amount of carbon emissions. Furthermore, the frequency of commercial activities has increased significantly, leading to prolonged operation of lighting, air conditioning, and other equipment in shopping malls, supermarkets, and various commercial establishments. This trend has contributed to a rise in energy consumption and carbon emissions.