# Improved Performance on Wireless Sensors Network Using Multi-Channel Clustering Hierarchy
## 1 Introduction
information technology terms, the central node is referred to as the primary station, while the other connected nodes are referred to as secondary or client stations. Mesh topology is a group of computer devices that are directly connected to each other in a network so that they can communicate with each other. This topology is also referred to as a mesh topology because the shape of the circuit resembles a mesh shape. Mesh topologies are mostly made for medium-sized networks that require fast communication between devices and otherwise use a lot of cables which is quite difficult to manage [35]. Hybrid topology can be interpreted as a new topology model on a computer network that is created from a combination of two or more network topologies of different types. Because it is a combination of various types of topologies, the hybrid topology design looks more complicated and does not display certain characteristics. In this study, researchers used a tree topology. In this topology, there is a device that is rooted or occupies the top level and is the main center of communication for all connected nodes [36]. Then, at the level below it, there are devices that are the center of connections to other devices that make up the star topology [37]. In this study, the lowest level is the cluster member, the middle level is the cluster head, and the highest level is the sink. Clustering on Wireless Sensor Network  
Clustering techniques in WSN are generally used with the aim of saving energy resources [38]. One of the most popular clustering protocols is LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). This is a routing protocol that aims to improve energy conservation [39]. Figure 1 shows the blue nodes representing the cluster head, the white nodes representing the cluster members, and the red nodes representing the sink or server. The main idea of LEACH is to divide the network into several clusters based on signal strength and use the cluster head as a router to send messages to other clusters or base stations [40]. Data processing is also carried out in the cluster head [41]. The dynamic nature of LEACH divides time into several intervals [42]. At the beginning of the interval, the cluster head is determined randomly from several nodes that retain energy above a certain level [43]. In  
the next interval, each sensor \(n\) takes a random number x such that 0 < x < 1 and compares it with a certain threshold T(\(n\)). If x < T(\(n\)), then the node becomes the cluster head in that interval. After being selected as the cluster head, the node broadcasts to neighboring nodes. Then, the neighboring nodes will attribute themselves to being members of the cluster head that has the strongest signal [44]. Then, the cluster is formed, and the cluster head will arrange a sampling schedule and send it to all member nodes. The member node will perform the scan according to the schedule and send the scan result to the cluster head [45]. Towards the end of the interval, the cluster head will send the collected data to the base station [46]. Although it saves network energy, LEACH also has the disadvantage of uneven distribution of sensor nodes. The selected cluster head can be at the edge of the cluster, so it cannot reach all member nodes directly [47; 48].