# Parameter Analysis of Resilient Precast Concrete Beam-Column Joints
## 1 Introduction
The experimental results indicated that this connection method had a good deformation performance and energy dissipation capacity, and its load carrying capacity was similar to that of cast-in-place connections. [PERSON] et al. [32] proposed precast steel concrete beam-column connections, and the test results showed that the end-plate-bolted connection and the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) precast H-beam-concrete connection had higher strength and stiffness, more stable hysteresis curves and a better energy dissipation capacity and were able to effectively control the spalling of concrete in the joints and reduce the shear deformation, which proved that the H-beam connectors could effectively transfer the load. [PERSON] [33] proposed a self-centering precast concrete frame structure with replaceable hysteretic dampers. The Z steel was prestressed at the beam end and bolted between the Z steel and the columns to dissipate energy using the Z-shaped rebar, and the energy dissipation capacity could be adjusted by changing the size and thickness of the Z-shaped rebar. The friction between the prestressing tendons and bolts was used to resist the shear force, and the test results showed that the joint had a good self-restoring capacity and seismic capacity. A replaceable artificial controllable plastic hinge was proposed by [PERSON] et al. [34], which consisted of an energy-dissipating part and a connecting part; the energy-dissipating part was made of upper and lower groups of energy-dissipating plates to bear the bending moments, and the connecting part was made of pins to bear the shear force. Under cyclic loading, the joint exhibited good ductile properties, as well as a reasonable energy dissipation capacity. [PERSON] et al. [35] and others combined a series of research works on bending-restrained bracing to propose replaceable energy-dissipating joints (REDCs) but applied them only to the lower side of the beam end, while friction dampers were still used on the upper side. [PERSON] et al. [36] applied REDCs to the top and bottom of the beam end with the aim of causing plastic damage to the REDCs during earthquakes, while the rest remained elastic. [PERSON] et al. [37] proposed seismic beam-column joints in precast concrete (PC) frames based on a reduced beam section (RBS), which was connected by using I-beams that weakened the upper and lower flanges at the beam-column connection. Cyclic tests showed that the RBS-based joint had a more stable energy dissipation capacity than the monolithic joint and good seismic performance. Overall, concentrated-damage structural systems perform well in terms of ductility and energy dissipation capacity, but they also have some problems. For example, the energy-dissipating elements are often located inside the beams, making actual repair and replacement more difficult. In addition, although the connections can be improved by pre-embedding reinforcing elements such as steel bones, this can also complicate the structure. In addition, although the current research has paid a lot of attention to the seismic performance of joints with replaceable energy-consuming devices, there is less research on their replaceability and recoverability. It should be noted that the use of energy-dissipating devices at beam-column connections can significantly improve the seismic performance of structures. However, some existing replaceable beam-column connections may require complex assemblies that increase the labor and material costs. To address the above drawbacks, this study proposed a precast concrete beam-column joint with replaceable energy-dissipating devices which could dissipate most of the seismic energy, improve the seismic performance of the structure and achieve rapid recovery after an earthquake compared to previous energy dissipation devices. Furthermore, the bolted connection eliminated the need for dismantling and reconstruction and reduced the use of construction materials, thus reducing the energy consumption and carbon emissions.