## 2 Materials and Methods
### Dataset Description  
To facilitate the implementation of this methodology, this study harnesses the \"Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care version III\" dataset (MIMIC-III) [16; 17; 18]. MIMIC-III encompasses a rich repository of comprehensive clinical and demographic information extracted from two prominent intensive care unit (ICU) databases within the United States, aggregating data from a substantial cohort of over 100,000 patients.  
Figure 1: Model schematic for sepsis treatment recommendation.  
The dataset is composed of various tables, each serving a distinct purpose in capturing the multifaceted aspects of patient care and clinical processes. Some of the key tables used in this study include:  
*** admissions:** This table contains information related to patient admissions, including patient identifiers (subject_id), admission identifiers (hadm_id), admission time (admitting), discharge time (dischtime), death status (deathtime), admission type (admission_type), admission location (admission_location), discharge location (discharge_location), insurance type (insurance), religion, marital status (marital_status), ethnicity, and diagnosis. These details provide valuable context for each patient's hospitalization.  
**callout:** The callout table is instrumental in tracking patient movements within the hospital. It includes data, such as patient identifiers (subject_id), admission identifiers (hadm_id), intensive care unit stay identifiers (icustay_id), requested time for transfers (requested_datetime), expected time for transfers (expected_datetime), and completed transfer times (completed_datetime). This information ensures a comprehensive understanding of patient transitions between care units.  
*** caregivers:** This table contains information about the healthcare providers involved in patient care. It includes caregiver identifiers (cgrid) and caregiver types (label), which can be essential in assessing the care team's composition and roles.  
*** chartevents:** The chartevents table records a wide array of clinical parameters, including patient identifiers (subject_id), admission identifiers (hadm_id), intensive care unit stay identifiers (icustay_id), caregiver identifiers (cgrid), measurement items (itemid), measured values (valuenum), units of measurement (valuenum), and measurement times (charttime). These details offer insights into the patients' physiological data, treatment responses, and vital signs.  
*** cpevents:** This table contains the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes for medical procedures. It includes patient identifiers (subject_id), admission identifiers (hadm_id), and CPT codes (costcenter). Understanding the procedures performed is crucial in evaluating patients' care and interventions.  
*** d_cpt:** Diving deeper into the CPT codes, the d_cpt table provides descriptions for these codes, including categories (category) and section ranges (sectionrange). This information helps interpret the meaning and significance of CPT codes.  
These are just a few examples of the tables within the extensive MIMIC-III dataset, each contributing unique insights into the clinical journey of patients. This rich collection of data allows the comprehensive analysis and modeling of patient conditions, treatments, and outcomes, making it an invaluable resource for the study at hand.