## 3 Results
### Patient Profile Clusters
#### 3.2.2 Clusters of Patient Adherence during Familiarization  
Three clusters were identified based on the hierarchical clustering, with 12, 24, and 5 patients to be included in each cluster. The observation and the statistical analysis of the mean _adher_ values revealed information regarding the exercise behavior of the patients in each group. As shown in Figure 4, during the first two weeks, the patients from all of the clusters presented similar behavior as they attended the demonstration sessions, and they performed one ExerClass or ExerGame. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline  & **Cluster 1** & **Cluster 2** & **Cluster 3** \\ \cline{2-4}  & **Low-Risk \&** **High-Risk \&** \\  & **Active** & **Sedentary** & **High-Risk \& Fit** \\ \hline Glucose (mmol/L) & \(4.71\pm 0.5\) & \(6.04\pm 1.81\) & \(5.81\pm 1.04\) \\ Risk score (\%) & \(6.16\pm 5.9\) & \(18.65\pm 10.43\) & \(16.79\pm 10.035\) \\ BARSE & \(81.23\pm 11.1\) & \(75.13\pm 17.63\) & \(58.43\pm 24.39\) \\ PSS & \(13\pm 7.5\) & \(7.73\pm 5.34\) & \(12.48\pm 6.129\) \\ PACE & \(4.5\pm 1.7\) & \(4.5\pm 1.85\) & \(3.12\pm 1.387\) \\ Illness perception & \(38.2\pm 13.74\) & \(24.13\pm 12.69\) & \(34.1\pm 13.37\) \\ SF-36 mental & \(78.19\pm 15.14\) & \(83.36\pm 14.65\) & \(74.18\pm 14.17\) \\ EE (kcal) & \(1576\pm 639.62\) & \(1115.4\pm 187.27\) & \(1583.62\pm 395.35\) \\ MVPA (min) & \(229.4\pm 46.39\) & \(77.2\pm 29.46\) & \(132.43\pm 41.3\) \\ Steps (n) & \(16720\pm 767.8\) & \(8994.93\pm 903.62\) & \(13,173.14\pm 1475.88\) \\
30 s STS (n) & \(23\pm 3.24\) & \(16.53\pm 4.29\) & \(19.29\pm 4.69\) \\ Sedentary time (min) & \(655.6\pm 35.84\) & \(840.93\pm 67.96\) & \(712.48\pm 76.99\) \\ Quadriceps isokinetic (J) & \(1636.38\pm 314.61\) & \(1885.51\pm 849.03\) & \(2378.82\pm 576.13\) \\ Quadriceps isometric (Nm) & \(107.2\pm 26.33\) & \(142.4\pm 51.32\) & \(156.79\pm 38.1\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* BARSE = barriers self-efficacy scale; PSS = perceived stress scale; PACE = physical activity questionnaire; SF-36 = short-form 36; EE = energy expenditure; MVPA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; STS = sit-to-stand.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Baseline clinical characteristics that presented statistically significant differences between the three groups of patients (\(p<0.05\)). The values are presented as the mean value \(\pm\) standard deviation. Slight differences are observed for the following 2 weeks, where the demonstration of the systems was performed. However, the observation of the \(p\)-values after the application of the Kruskal-Wallis test also revealed a continuous decrease, with the differences being statistically significant in the last two weeks of the familiarization phase, where the patients used the system at their homes, without any supervision (Table 3). Patients from Cluster 1 presented a continuous and gradual increase in their adherence, while patients from Cluster 2--which was the largest cluster--had a low adherence that decreased even further during the last 2 weeks. Finally, a small cluster of patients presented fluctuations regarding their time spent exercising (Figure 4). For this reason, and for simplicity, Cluster 1 was named \"adherent-6w\", Cluster 2 \"non-adherent-6w\", and Cluster 3 \"transient-6w\". The evolution of the performance metrics during the familiarization phase for the three clusters is depicted in Figure 5a,b. As observed, all patients, independent of their adherence to the exercise program, spent more than 60% of their time with an HR above the lower HR threshold, and the mean HR during the session was 80% of the maximum HR. Although the non-adherent-6w patients had lower \(HRtime\) values in most of the weeks, there were no statistically significant differences between the clusters (Table 4). These results suggest that when the patients exercised, they performed moderate-to-vigorous activity, and they performed similarly, independent of how frequently they participated in the rehabilitation program. Figure 4: Evolution of mean _adther_ values for the patients included in each cluster.