## 4 Results: State-of-the-Art Approaches
### Simulation of Cybersecurity and Interoperability in IoUT
Another powerful simulation tool is Foreseeti ([[https://foreseeti.com/](https://foreseeti.com/)]([https://foreseeti.com/](https://foreseeti.com/)), accessed on 20 November 2022). Its AI-based predictive cyberattack simulation functionality supports users to automate threat mitigation and risk assessment and identify fast and accurately incoming cyber threats. It provides cloud simulation capability as well as custom scenario-based attack simulations. Moreover, its ability to recommend the implementation of new security mechanisms to existing vulnerabilities, allows users to reduce the attack surface. Infection Monkey ([[https://github.com/guardicore/monkey](https://github.com/guardicore/monkey)]([https://github.com/guardicore/monkey](https://github.com/guardicore/monkey)), accessed on 20 November 2022) is an agent-based attack simulation tool designed to test networks. The ease of configuration and the broad pool of libraries for manual configuration allow analysts to decide on new security implementations accurately and efficiently. Its main disadvantage is that the extracted information is presented after the completion of the attack. A powerful simulation tool, developed mainly for Active Directory (AD, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Directory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Directory)]([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Directory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Directory)), accessed on 20 November 2022) reconnaissance, is BloodHound ([[https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound](https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound)]([https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound](https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound)), accessed on 20 November 2022). It is a JavaScript web application providing a built-in database, and users can utilize it to identify and unveil attack paths in order to counter vulnerabilities. Moreover, the MITRE Attack Framework is a globally accessible knowledge base for adversary strategies, used for the development of threat models in numerous organizations and security community [111]. Several cyber security frameworks are built on this, such as the CALDERA ([[https://github.com/mtire/caldera/](https://github.com/mtire/caldera/)]([https://github.com/mtire/caldera/](https://github.com/mtire/caldera/)), accessed on 20 November 2022); an open-source active research project by MITRE. It provides a plethora of separate repositories in order to extend its capabilities and utilize it in specific cases involving both offensive (red) and defensive (blue) operations [112]. Finally, NeSi2 (Network Security Simulator, [[http://www.nessi2.de/index.html](http://www.nessi2.de/index.html)]([http://www.nessi2.de/index.html](http://www.nessi2.de/index.html)), accessed on 20 November 2022) is a network simulation tool which was developed exclusively for security purposes. With a variety of features, as well as detection algorithm plug-ins, it is used for security search and evaluation purposes [113], offering distributed simulation to reduce time of process. Scalability, fidelity, and extensibility are the main benefits of this framework, facilitating integration of applications, importation of a network topology or its automatic creation and cooperation with third-party software such as the well-known Wireshark ([[https://www.wireshark.org/docs/](https://www.wireshark.org/docs/)]([https://www.wireshark.org/docs/](https://www.wireshark.org/docs/)), accessed on 20 November 2022) [114]. Table 5 provides a brief comparison of experimented cybersecurity simulation tools. During numerous trials with underwater environment simulation tools, we have discovered another active stand-alone open-source tool, namely Gazebo ([[https://github.com/osrf/gazebo](https://github.com/osrf/gazebo)]([https://github.com/osrf/gazebo](https://github.com/osrf/gazebo)), accessed on 20 November 2022) [102; 103]. In addition to its scalability, ease of installation and handling, it is suitable for integration with ROS. This feature allows us to represent a swarm of UUVs in a UWSN.