## 6 Discussion
### Comparison with other Gold Deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula  
As mentioned above, the \"Jiaojia-type\", characterized by the Xincheng, Jiaojia, Luoshan, and Taishang gold deposits (Figure 1), and the \"Linglong-type\", characterized by the Linglong, Fushan, and Wang'ershan gold deposits (Figure 1), are the two types of gold mineralization in the Jiaodong Peninsula. Although the \"Jiaojia-type\" is composed of stockwork and disseminated pyrite-sercite-quartz-altered ores hosted within the first-order regional faults, and the \"Linglong-type\" is represented by gold-bearing quartz veins hosted in the lower-order NNE- to NE-trending faults, they both have similar ore-forming ages, mineral paragenesis, and alteration assemblages [1; 61]. They are characterized by middle-low temperature ore mineral assemblages, including pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite [20]. Three types of fluid inclusions associated with gold mineralization are H\({}_{2}\)O-CO\({}_{2}\)-NaCl, aqueous, and CO\({}_{2}\) fluid inclusions [1]. The ore-forming fluid is represented by medium-high homogenization temperatures of 211 to 393 \({}^{\circ}\)C, significant CO\({}_{2}\) (ca.15% mol), minor amounts of CH\({}_{4}\) (\(\leq\)18% in the carbonic phase), and low salinity (\(\leq\)11.2 wt.% NaCl eq.) [1; 20]. Most of the hydrogen-oxygen isotopic data of both the \"Jiaojia-type\" and the \"Linglong-type\" gold ore deposits are concentrated within the range of \(-\)80% to \(-\)33% for 8D and \(-\)5% to 11% for \(\delta\)18O (Figure 9), suggesting that the ore-forming fluids possess a metamorphic source together with the mixing of meteoric water [20; 61]. The \(\delta\)34S values of hydrothermal pyrite have a narrow range, from 4.5% to 8.0%, and are within the very broad range of the majority of lode gold deposits [63; 64]. In general, both the \"Jiaojia-type\" and \"Linglong-type\" of gold mineralization are formed in large-scale unified events, in terms of the consistent ore-forming process, mechanism of gold deposition and timing of gold mineralization, are considered to be orogenic gold deposits [1; 2; 3].  
However, the Xiawolong gold deposit is hosted in late Early Cretaceous fine-grained granite, which is generally fresh and non-deformed. All of the gold orebodies are represented by the stockwork-style and disseminated ores developed in the fresh fine-grained granite dikes. No hydrothermal alteration surrounded the orebodies. Middle-high temperature mineral assemblages, such as molybdenite and magnetite, are usually associated with gold-bearing pyrite. The fluid inclusions can be divided into four types: type 1 aqueous, type 2 H\({}_{2}\)O-CO\({}_{2}\), type 3 daughter mineral-bearing, and type 4 CO\({}_{2}\) fluid inclusions. The ore-forming fluid of the Xiawolong gold deposit has a magmatic source and is mainly a NaCl-CaCl\({}_{2}\)-KCl-H\({}_{2}\)O system with high temperature (416 to 446 \({}^{\circ}\)C) and high salinity (32.87 to 28.59 wt.% NaCl equiv.). The \(\delta\)34S value is derived from that of the Mesozoic Kunyushan granitoids. The Pb isotopic compositions of pyrite show that it is likely that the Mesozoic Kunyushan granitoids are the main source of Pb.  
In view of the distinct stable isotope compositions and ore-forming fluid systems, together with the disconcordant wall-rock alteration assemblages, structural systems, nature of orebodies, and gold occurrence conditions, it is concluded that the gold mineralization in the Xiawolong deposit, associated with the fine-grained granite, is different from the \"Jiaojia-type\" and \"Linglong-type\" gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula.