# Review of Satellite Interferometry for Landslide Detection in Italy
## 8 Future Perspectives  
InSAR is growing in popularity in the last years, especially outside of the academic world. The increasing attention paid to such data from different non-research entities is a clear evidence of this. In a wider context, the possible future evolutions and new advancements include the following:  
* The increase of repeat pass time offered by the latest radar constellations allows and will allow for a better temporal definition of the landslide behavior over time. This opens new lines of research for time series data mining algorithms, and for the back-analysis of landslide events. The latter activity is certainly aided by the capability to construct 28-year-long time series. Moreover, some authors have already exploited InSAR as a calibration tool for landslide models, and we expect that, with a larger diffusion of such data, this activity will increase in the future. * The increasing diffusion of InSAR products over wide areas will stimulate the integration of radar and optical results for the improvements of available landslide inventories. Moreover, the all-weather acquisition of radar satellites can be exploited to map landslides connected to a specific event in the areas of the world where cloud coverage is a recurrent issue. The future launch of the Radar Observing System for Europe L (ROSE-L) constellation by the European Space Agency will certainly offer new capabilities for landslide mapping and for InSAR analysis in general [193]. * The wide area capability and the level of accuracy of InSAR results have allowed some scientists to develop integrated approaches for qualitative and quantitative landslide risk assessment. In our opinion, this line of research has much room for improvement. Moreover, it is expected that InSAR will be integrated in civil protection practices and in landslide risk management chains. * The Sentinel-1 constellation opened new horizons for landslide studies, allowing for the development of near-real-time monitoring systems, as testified by the example of the Tuscany region [187]. Such applications encourage a different use of InSAR data, trying to forecast rather than back-analyze or map landslides. On the one hand, these approaches surely carry a great potential for landslide risk management and civil protection activities. On the other hand, this data requires the continuous control of InSAR experts; such activity produces complex outputs that need to be interpreted before being disseminated to stakeholders. Moreover, as intrinsic for a novel near-real-time tool, the number of false positives is not negligible, and should be taken into account with proper data management and dissemination strategies. * Italy is collecting user requirements for the future national ground motion service (GMS) based on Sentinel-1 and COSMO-SkyMed PSI and DSI products. The project is designed as the Mirror Copernicus Downstream Service and is one of the expected products of the Italian Space Economy Strategic Plan [194]. This service follows the examples of previously launched GMSs, such as InSAR Norway [195] and the German Ground Motion Service [196]. Such services are of pivotal importance for landslide mapping activities at a national and regional scale. Moreover, the GMSs are currently used and will continue to be used by researchers, public entities, and private companies to assess the status of known and unknown landslides. Depending on the temporal update of the data and on the target phenomenon, the services could be used for landslide mapping or monitoring activities. * In 2017, the Copernicus User Forum and the Copernicus Committee unanimously approved the addition of the European Ground Motion Survey (EGMS) to the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service' product portfolio [197]. The idea of the EGMS started in November 2016, when the EGMS Task Force began to develop the EGMS White Paper [198], which is considered the conceptual framework for the current project.