# Game Theory Meets Wireless Sensor Networks Security Requirements and Threats Mitigation: A Survey
## 4 Game Theory Defense Strategies Against WSN Attacks
### Defense Strategies Classification  
Table 1 proposes a classification that addresses the WSN attacks [33] based on an extensive review of the state-of-the-art game-theoretic approaches to deal with WSNs security. In Table 1, the first column lists the WSN attacks. In the first row, we categorize these attacks based on the attacked layer [76] (i.e., physical layer (L1) attacks, data link layer (L2) attacks, network layer (L3) attacks, and transport layer (L4) attacks); this classification takes into account both the features and consequences of those attacks. Afterward, the attack is classified as internal or external; the internal attack (In) represents an internal node acting selfishly or turning malicious, while the external attack (Ex) is caused by an external attacker. Then, we pinpoint whether the attack is passive (P) or clear/active (Clr). Further, suitable defense strategy (suitable game) is presented that mitigates the attack manipulations based on both the attack type and games features as proposed in the literature. Finally, the game type is identified. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Attack Type** & **Attacked Layer** & **PCIr Attack** & **Ev/In Attack** & **Attack Feature** & **Attack Consequences** & **Defense Strategy** & **Game Type** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Jamming [55,56,59,88,90]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L1 [76,78,79]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{Ex} & \multirow{2}{*}{Inference with radio frequencies} & Disnupt whole/ & Stackelberg [55,56]/ & \multirow{2}{*}{NC} \\  & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Tampering [91]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L1 [76,78,79]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{Ex} & \multirow{2}{*}{In} & Extract & Create/replace & \multirow{2}{*}{Repeated [91]} & \multirow{2}{*}{C} \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Sniffing [92, 93, 94]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [95]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{Ex} & Overhear essential & \multirow{2}{*}{Penetration} & \multirow{2}{*}{Stackelberg [92]/ZS [93,94]} & \multirow{2}{*}{NC} \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Collisions [89]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [76,78,79]} & \multirow{2}{*}{P} & \multirow{2}{*}{In} & Simultaneous & Change in portion & \multirow{2}{*}{Evolutionary [89]} & \multirow{2}{*}{NC} \\  & & & & transmission on & of data, Checksum & & \\  & & & & the same frequency & mismatch at receiver & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Ehausation [96]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [76,78,79]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{In/Ex} & Naive implementation & \multirow{2}{*}{Resource} & \multirow{2}{*}{Repeated [96]} & \multirow{2}{*}{C} \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Unfairness [42, 97]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [78,79]} & \multirow{2}{*}{P} & \multirow{2}{*}{In} & Considered weak & Miss transmission & \multirow{2}{*}{Repeated [97]/Bargaining [42]} & \multirow{2}{*}{C} \\  & & & & DoS, intermittent & nodes in a real-time & & \\  & & & & exploiting the resources & MAC protocol & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Stealthy [98, 99]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [78]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{In} & \multirow{2}{*}{Compromise a node} & Make the & \multirow{2}{*}{network accept} & \multirow{2}{*}{ZS [98]/N/ZS [99]} & \multirow{2}{*}{NC} \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & through that node. & & false data & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Energy Drain [76, 98]} & \multirow{2}{*}{L2 [78]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clr} & \multirow{2}{*}{In/Ex} & Request from & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{Paralyze} & \multirow{2}{*}{ZS [76,98]} & \multirow{2}{*}{NC} \\  & & & neighboring node to & & & \\  & & & respond after massive & & & \\  & & & traffic transmission & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: WSN attack classifications and defense strategies based on game theory.