# Usefulness of OSM and BDOT10k Data for Developing Tactile Maps of Historic Parks
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Data and Study Area  
The proposed method of assessing BDOT10k (Baza Danych Obiektow Topograficznych (the Topographic Objects Database)) and OSM (OpenStreetMap) data was tested for the development of tactile maps of historical parks in various styles. For parks in five styles, Baroque, Renaissance, Landscape/English, Romantic/Sentimental, and Oriental/Japanese, a range of tactile map content was proposed.  
OSM data are stored in a PostgreSQL relational database, without spatial extensions, in the WGS84 coordinate system. Data from the OpenStreetMap database were extracted from the OSM Geofabrik service on 15 March 2022 [40]. They are distributed under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) by the OpenStreetMap Foundation (OSMF). The OSM system is based on the idea of an open social network and uses wiki technology, which in practice means that anyone can add or edit any database object at any time [25; 41]. BDOT10k is a vector database available from the Polish Central Office of Geodesy and Cartography. The content of the BDOT10k database corresponds, in general, to a traditional topographic map, at a scale of 1:10,000. The BDOT10k dataset is defined in the PUWG 1992, a rectangular coordinate system, based on the Gauss-Kruger mapping for the GRS80 ellipsoid in one 10-degree zone for Poland (EPSG: 2180) [41; 42]. The layers, selected from the databases to assess their usability for the development of tactile maps, contained data on the networks of roads, rivers, utility infrastructure, land cover elements, and other objects typical for parks and gardens in different styles [43].  
The content of the above databases was compared with the content of tactile maps of parks in five styles. The content of tactile maps is divided into four main thematic groups: park layout (arrangement), vegetation, water bodies, and garden architecture and equipment. It was assumed that each park is mapped on the general map (level 1 of map details), showing the entire park composition. Parks in styles with a significant number of elements characterising the style (Baroque, Renaissance, Oriental/Japanese) should be additionally mapped on a detailed map (level 2 of map detail), showing a fragment of the garden with the greatest accumulation of the elements characteristic of a given style on a larger scale, as well as on the large-scale map (level 3 of map detail), showing, with details, a fragment of the garden that is unique for a given style. Parks with a large area but fewer of the style features (Landscape/English and Romantic/Sentimental) can only be mapped on two levels--the general map and the detailed map. The full content range of tactile maps was used for the research, i.e., covering three levels of detail. Designed for each tactile map (at each level of detail), the scope of content is presented in \"Elementy tresci map\" (Elements of map content) [44], constituting Attachement 2 to \"Metoda doboru tresci typfolmap zalozer parkowych\" (The method of selecting the content of park typhlomaps) [45], as well as in Tables 1-3 in the Results section (\"Object\" column).  
Research was conducted for 10 historic parks. Each style had its own unique characteristics, including spatial features. All of them were located in Poland and included: the Baroque style with Wilanow Park in Warsaw and Branicki Park in Bialystok; the Renaissance style with Ksiaz Park and Zamoyski Park in Kozlowka; the Oriental/Japanese style with the Japanese Garden in Wroclaw and Siruwia Japanese Garden in Przesieka; the Landscape/English style with Krasiczyn Park and Szczytnicki Park in Wroclaw; the Romantic/Sentimental style with Arkadia Park and Czartoryski Park in Pulawy (Figure 2).