# A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications
## 2 Related Work  
Much related research has proposed many solutions. The work in [3] provided insight into the posed challenges by short-range vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)-based vehicular sensor networks (VSNs), starting from economic motivations up to requirements and related enabling technologies; it also presented an overview of potential mandatory rules that are discussed at an international level to integrate connectivity on vehicles. The work in [4] described the development of vehicular communications. The development from dedicated short-range communications technology to C-V2X provides many solutions for improving vehicle communication systems. The work in [5] used sensors to obtain real-time traffic information to indemnify vehicle safety. It is an optimization of dedicated short-range communications technology that can effectively avoid traffic jams in a limited area. However, short-range communication cannot be achieved if faced with long-distance blocking-avoidance problems. Therefore,we consider the need to supplement cellular traffic information with cellular communications. The work in [6] provided long-distance transmissions using cellular communication systems, and an intelligent transportation system was realized by load-mapping and queuing theory, which can effectively cope with congestion problems. The work in [7], through analysis and simulation, showed that C-V2X--the technology developed within the third-generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) and designed to operate in both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-network modes--is the prominent technology that can achieve V2X requirements and pave the most efficient way to connected and automated driving. The work in [8] analyzed the parameters of the algorithm designed by 3 GPP and their impact on system performance. Through simulations in different large-scale scenarios, we showed that modifying some parameters has a negligible effect, that the proper choice of others can indeed improve quality of service, and that a group of parameters allows trading reliability with update delay.  
Due to bandwidth limitations in the real world, network congestion may be unavoidable. Therefore, we need to improve the antenna to help expand the bandwidth. The work in [9] explained how to mount an antenna on a vehicle, as communication quality can be improved with the vehicle antenna. This improvement, however, is limited. Only antenna base stations can effectively improve a network environment. The macro-femtocell system provides us with a solution. How to allocate network resources effectively and avoid network delay in the whole system is introduced in [10].  
The use of a biomimetic approach for self-organization in a macro-femtocell system was introduced in [11]. Docitive radios were used to train the system on their policies when a new node joined the network. The design self-organization could adapt macrocell base station tilts. The work in [12] provided a solution for a femtocell base station handover. They advised to expand antenna coverage to improve system performance. A distance-based handover scheme was discussed in [13]. The threshold could be calculated by the antenna's overlaid area. With the handover decision between femtocell base stations, the work in [14] used a Markov decision problem to obtain channel allocation policy that proposed the optimal antenna handover decision.