# Effects of Cement-Mineral Filler on Asphalt Mixture Performance under Different Aging Procedures
## 1 Introduction  
Mineral fillers play an important role in improving the workability and stability of asphalt mixtures [1; 2]. Various types of fillers have different effects on the performance of asphalt mixtures [3; 4]. In recent years, the partial replacement of mineral powder by industrial waste has gained considerable research attention considering the long-term performance of asphalt pavements [5; 6; 7; 8]. At present, the most common filler used in asphalt pavement is limestone ore [9]. In China, the Technical Specifications for Construction of Asphalt Pavements [10] stipulate that cement can be used instead of a part of the mineral powder, as a part of the filler to improve the adhesion of asphalt to acid stone, thereby improving the moisture stability. In recent years, it has become common practice to use cement instead of ore as a filler in asphalt pavements in hot and humid areas. It is also common worldwide to mix various filler materials for replacing mineral powder to improve the performance of asphalt mixtures [11; 12; 13]. Cement-mineral composite fillers improve the anti-rutting performance and moisture stability of the asphalt mixture compared to single limestone powder fillers [14]. This is mainly because the content of calcium oxide in cement is higher than that of mineral powder; therefore, its alkalinity is higher than that of mineral powder. In the preparation of an asphalt mixture, the alkaline component of cement reacts with the acidic component of asphalt to produce a substance with strong adhesion [15; 16]. This results in strong binding of the aggregate and asphalt, thereby improving the water stability ofthe mixture. [PERSON] et al. [17] studied the effects of using two types of mineral fillers on the strength of asphalt mixtures in terms of the Marshall stability and retained strength, and showed that ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and pulverized limestone have a similar effect on the Marshall stability. Thus, the use of OPC resulted in higher values of retained strength. Because unaged asphalt mixtures were used in that study, the long-term moisture stability and low-temperature crack resistance were not evaluated. [PERSON] [18] found that the addition of cement and slaked lime can significantly improve the adsorption capacity of asphalt and improve the moisture stability of the asphalt mixture. However, the study did not consider the effect of aging on the test results, and the test data analysis tended to be qualitative. [PERSON] et al. [19] found that the moisture stability improvement effect of the asphalt mixture after aging under all filler combinations was reduced. However, the study primarily focused on the improvement effect of cement fillers on the moisture stability of aged asphalt mixtures. Thus, the effect of cement fillers on the performance of asphalt mixtures after aging is still debatable, and the effect of cement-mineral composite fillers on the performance of asphalt mixtures under long-term aging has not been definitively studied. In addition, moisture damage and low-temperature shrinkage occur mostly in the upper or middle layers of asphalt pavements, which usually consist of modified asphalt. However, previous studies have focused on samples mostly made of matrix asphalt. Therefore, this knowledge gap must be addressed. Notably, some studies have applied colloidal theory to analyze the interaction between different types of fillers and asphalt [20; 21; 22; 23]. The effects of different fillers on the rheological properties of asphalt cement were studied with asphalt mastic as the test object [24; 25; 26]. For example, [PERSON] et al. [27] used Portland cement (CEM II/A-I 32.5 R) and calcium hydroxide as two different types of filler to study the stiffness of the corresponding bituminous mixture.