# Consumer-Driven Usability Test of Mobile Application for Tea Recommendation Service
## Results and Discussion  
### Evaluation of TeaPickTM  
**Application use time:** The participants used the application for 116.5 s on average (SD: 65.4 s). As shown in Figure 2, most of the participants used it for less than 3 minutes. They usually looked into the recommended teas and their information after inputting their preferred flavor, health benefits, and drinking time. While some only looked into the recommended teas, there were some participants who checked other screens such as the tea list page and looked at all the tea information provided by the application. Four participants used the application for more than 3 minutes. **Usability**: Usability measures the extent that the relevant functionalities and menus of the application can be used easily and conveniently while the users use _TeaPickTM_[28; 29]. Table 2 shows the average scores of five usability questions. The participants were highly positive about the usability; the overall average score is 6.77 (SD: 0.46). The average scores of all five questions were larger than 6.5 and did not show large difference. Our current prototype is easy to use and its menu hierarchy is not complicated. Also, most of the participants were undergraduate or graduate students in their 20-30s who were proficient in using mobile devices and applications. We believe that they had no difficulty using the application because they were able to select their preference and get the recommendation results at once. **Perceived usefulness**: Perceived usefulness represents the application's usefulness perceived by the users after using _TeaPick_TM [28; 29]. As shown in Table 3, the participants felt positive about its usefulness; the overall average score is 5.56 (SD: 0.75). Of the 5 questions, the first three show relatively larger scores than the last two. The first three questions asked whether the application would be helpful for tea selection; most of the participants gave positive scores. However, questions 4 and 5 were rather broad; they asked whether the users thought this application would help with their daily lives. We conjecture that this was the main reason as to why there were relatively more participants giving lower scores. There were four and three participants who gave scores of less than four for questions 4 and 5, respectively. For the first three questions, however, no participant gave a score of less than four. We believe that most of the participants thought that _TeaPick_TM would be useful to select their preferred blended tea. **Satisfaction**: Satisfaction measures the users' satisfaction with the recommendation results and the application after they use _TeaPick_TM. On the whole, the participants were satisfied with the recommendation results provided by the application; the overall average score is 5.64 (SD: 0.78) (see Table 4). Of the five questions, four showed higher scores than the overall average. Only question 2 had a lower average score than the overall average. While there are a large number of blended tea products from different brands, our current prototype used 18 teas from one brand for recommendation. It \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Questions** & **Mean (SD)** & **Cronbach’s \(\alpha\)** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Vesability} & 1. Using this application would help me choose blended tea. & 6.06 (0.77) & \\  & 2. Using this application would help me choose blended tea with a flavor I prefer. & 5.77 (0.84) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & 3. Using this application would help me choose blended tea & 5.97 (0.98) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & 4. This application would be useful to my daily life. & 4.81 (1.22) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & 5. This application would be useful to my healthy life. & 5.16 (1.27) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Overall & 5.56 (0.75) & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Perceived usefulness of _TeaPick_TM.