# Integrated Digital-Twin-Based Decision Support System for
## 6 Case Study Implementation
### Expert Evaluations  
To assess the efficiency and explore the potential of the proposed DT framework, an expert evaluation was conducted. Industry professionals from the RMB sector participated in a structured focus group meeting, during which they reviewed the system platform. A total of six experts participated in the evaluation, representing diverse roles such as facility managers, project managers, and engineers specializing in various fields, including MEP, BIM, and site operations. Among these experts, three had less than five years of professional experience, while the remaining three had over five years of experience, providing a balanced perspective across varying levels of industry expertise. The summarized feedback, as detailed in Table 3, compares the performance of the current system with the proposed DT system.  
The experts praise the proposed system for its advanced 3D visualization and real-time data integration, noting these features as significant enhancements over traditional methods. These capabilities allow for a more nuanced understanding of module performance and conditions, which are not as easily accessible or dynamically represented in current systems. The enhanced user interaction facilitated by dynamic features also stands out, offering stakeholders an intuitive user experience that significantly improves engagement and decision-making processes. Additionally, while the proposed system introduces capabilities for automated decision making, such as module selection and generative design processes, these features were not fully realized in comparison to current systems, which rely more heavily on manual configuration and project-specific adaptations.  
However, the experts have highlighted several areas where the proposed system falls short of existing practices or requires further development. A primary concern is the cost associated with implementing sensors, which, although potentially beneficial for larger-scale or international projects, might be prohibitively expensive for smaller operations. This investment in technology, while valuable, poses a significant initial barrier compared to more traditional, less technology-intensive methods. Another critical area of concern is the robustness of data organization. While the current system is noted for its well-structured approach to managing documentation and related legal and construction documents, the proposed DT system, despite its advances, still lacks a comprehensive solution for integrating and visualizing such information. Furthermore, cost estimation, which is one of  
Figure 12: Trucking distance and time from site to output projects.  
the necessary features, is not yet included in the proposed system. Integrating this feature could greatly enhance decision making for practitioners and investors.  
The potential of the DT system to improve the management and operational efficiency of RMB projects is clear and widely acknowledged by experts. They suggest that as RMB projects increase in scale and scope, potentially expanding internationally, the complex challenges posed will necessitate sophisticated management solutions like those offered by the DT system. This technology is particularly poised to enhance larger projects where its capabilities in real-time data processing and detailed visualizations could drastically improve planning, monitoring, and execution phases. In conclusion, the experts recommend ongoing collaboration with industry stakeholders to refine these aspects, ensuring the system's practicality and integration, aligning closely with operational needs and existing workflows, and broadening its applicability and adoption within the industry.