## 3 Results
### Relationship between the Serum 25(OH)D Level and MetS
of participants & (\(\pi\) = 336) & (\(\pi\) = 1556) & (\(\pi\) = 621) & (\(\pi\) = 119) & (\(\pi\) = 688) & (\(\pi\) = 338) & (\(\pi\) = 217) & (\(\pi\) = 868) & (\(\pi\) = 283) & \\ Sex & & & & & & & & & \\  & Men & 119 (66.1) & 688 (55.8) & 338 (64.6) & & & & & & \\ Women & 217 (63.9) & 688 (44.2) & 283 (35.2) & & & & & & & \\ Age, years & 40.2 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 43.0 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 46.0 \(\pm\) 0.7 & \(<\)0.001 & 39.4 \(\pm\) 1.3 & 42.7 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 46.0 \(\pm\) 0.9 & \(<\)0.001 & 39.6 \(\pm\) 1.2 & 41.0 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 43.6 \(\pm\) 1.0 & \(<\)0.001 \\ Education & & & & & & & & & \\ Elementary & 31 (5.6) & 129 (5.8) & 110 (11.7) & 10 (5.1) & 39 (4.1) & 49 (9.7) & 21 (6.0) & 90 (7.9) & 61 (15.4) & \\ Middle school & 21 (60.1) & 14 (61.6) & 71 (91.5) & 5 (3.9) & 54 (6.4) & 42 (10.6) & 16 (7.8) & 60 (57.3) & 37 (13.2) & \\ High school & 153 (49.3) & 631 (43.5) & 227 (41.3) & 59 (52.3) & 285 (45.3) & 126 (42.1) & 94 (16.7) & 346 (41.1) & 101 (9.99) & \\ College or more & 131 (39.1) & 682 (44.7) & 205 (35.5) & 45 (38.7) & 310 (44.2) & 121 (37.6) & & 86 (93.5) & 372 (45.3) & 84 (11.6) & \\ Occupation & & & & & & & & & & \\ Office worker, expert & 103 (24.4) & 469 (31.2) & 138 (25.7) & & 34 (31.5) & 231 (33.3) & 91 (29.7) & 69 (33.1) & 238 (28.7) & 47 (18.2) & \\ Physical work & 95 (28.6) & 567 (37.2) & 277 (44.0) & 39 (30.8) & 311 (43.5) & 185 (51.2) & 56 (26.7) & 256 (29.2) & 92 (20.7) & \\ Inceon & 138 (99.1) & 520 (31.6) & 206 (30.3) & & 46 (07.7) & 146 (23.2) & 62 (91.1) & 92 (20.3) & 374 (21.4) & 144 (51.1) \\ Region & & & & & & & & & & \\ Midland & 256 (74.8) & 1061 (69.2) & 365 (60.9) & & 92 (76.1) & 485 (70.3) & 198 (62.1) & 164 (73.8) & 576 (67.8) & 167 (58.5) \\ Southland & 80 (25.2) & 495 (30.8) & 256 (99.1) & & 27 (23.9) & 230 (29.7) & 140 (37.9) & 53 (62.2) & 292 (32.2) & 116 (41.5) & \\ Current smoking & & & & & & & & & & \\ Not all & 262 (72.6) & 1192 (70.7) & 474 (72.9) & 63 (51.9) & 375 (52.6) & 205 (61.0) & 199 (90.4) & 817 (93.4) & 269 (94.8) & \\ Occasionally smoke & 10 (37.7) & 46 (3.5) & 13 (2.5) & 8 (6.5) & 28 (4.5) & 8 (2.7) & 2 (1.3) & 18 (2.3) & 5 (2.1) & \\ Smoke & 64 (23.6) & 318 (25.8) & 134 (24.6) & & 48 (41.6) & 285 (42.9) & 125 (36.3) & 16 (8.2) & 33 (43.9) & 9 (3.1) & \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{\(<\)0.001} & & & & & & & & & \\ Not all & 72 (18.0) & 316 (16.4) & 135 (19.5) & & 17 (11.7) & 71 (9.8) & 55 (15.5) & 55 (23.4) & 245 (24.8) & 80 (27.0) & \\ Less than one per month & 120 (35.8) & 495 (32.0) & 172 (25.4) & & 30 (27.9) & 167 (25.8) & 65 (18.8) & 90 (42.6) & 328 (39.7) & 107 (37.5) & \\ 2-4 times a month & 89 (92.3) & 204 (27.8) & 168 (29.5) & 44 (37.9) & 215 (37.9) & 98 (30.9) & 45 (22.0) & 199 (22.5) & 70 (26.7) & \\ 2-3 times a week & 33 (04.0) & 272 (19.0) & 98 (17.1) & 17 (13.4) & 174 (24.8) & 78 (22.8) & 16 (7.7) & 98 (11.8) & 20 (6.6) & \\ 4 or more times a week & 22 (6.6) & 69 (4.8) & 48 (8.5) & 11 (9.2) & 61 (8.0) & 42 (12.0) & 11 (43.8) & 8 (0.9) & 6 (2.1) & \\ Physical activity & & & & & & & & & & \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{0.078} & & & & & & & & & & \\ Not at all & 252 (71.7) & 1120 (69.1) & 416 (62.6) & & 72 (58.2) & 492 (61.2) & 198 (65.7) & 180 (83.2) & 691 (78.9) & 218 (75.3) & \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{\(>\)1–2 times a week} & 33 (10.3) & 191 (13.3) & 84 (15.3) & 15 (13.3) & 100 (15.3) & 50 (16.2) & 18 (7.7) & 91 (108.0) & 34 (13.6) & \\ 3-4 times a week & 29 (0.4) & 152 (11.4) & 60 (13.3) & & 13 (21.1) & 96 (14.8) & 43 (13.9) & 16 (7.1)