## 5 Result Analysis  
### Case 1  
In Case 1, several simulations were made with different thermal loads that were applied in the boundary conditions of the heat flow. The loads imposed were applied symmetrically along the rows, as shown in Figure 4a. The boundary conditions taken in account for these simulations are as follows: at the end of the rows of the server racks, 90% of the maximum thermal load was applied, while 70% of the maximum thermal load and 50% of the central racks were applied: \(q_{adm}=0.892\) (90%), 0.676 (70%) and 0.460 (50%), respectively. The minimum air flow dimensionless velocity was set to be as follows: \(v_{adm}=0\). By observing Figures 5 and 6, the temperature field predictions of the \(y\) and \(z\) planes can be seen, respectively. These temperature fields predict the set of temperature values at all points in a given space at a given instant. For these specific cases, in steady-state conditions, the temperature field is independent of time.  
Figure 5: The results of the field of temperature in the \(x\)-\(z\) plane through the planes: (**a**) \(y_{adm}=0.100\); (**b**) \(y_{adm}=0.485\); and (**c**) \(y_{adm}=0.900\).  
In the case of the maximum air flow dimensionless velocity, \(v_{adm}=1\), the temperature field predictions can be seen in Figures 7 and 8 for the \(y\) and \(z\) planes, respectively.  
Figure 6: The results of the field of temperature in the \(x\)-\(y\) plane through the planes: (**a**) \(z_{adm}=0\); (**b**) \(z_{adm}=0.244\); (**c**) \(z_{adm}=0.489\); and (**d**) \(z_{adm}=1\).  
Figure 7: The results of the field of temperature in the \(x\)–\(z\) plane through the planes: (**a**) \(y_{adm}=0.100\); (**b**) \(y_{adm}=0.485\); and (**c**) \(y_{adm}=0.900\).  
More than a few hot spots are foreseen to arise at the termination of every server rack line, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. These spots are easily spotted if noticing the colors related to the values which are higher than the dimensionless temperature, \(T_{adm}=0.350\), visible on the left scale, except for the hot spots in the extraction zone, which is \(T_{adm}=0.125\). Through a careful analysis of Figure 6a, a greater heat intensity is foreseen to occur at the bottom the racks located at the end ow every row. It can be deduced that the airflow is inadequate in this area. The justification behind this inadequacy is that the airflow intensity is higher in the center of the air vents than at the bottom and the top. Figure 6a-c also shows that for this case study hot spots can be predicted in the extraction zone and at the termination of all the rows.  
In Figure 7a,c, which have server racks at the end of the rows (\(y_{adm}=0.100\) and \(y_{adm}=0.900\)), the temperatures are expected to be very close to the hot spot limit, with Rack 2 exceeding that limit at the base. As far as the plan representing the central server racks is concerned (Figure 7b), it is expected that the temperature does not vary much from the inlet air temperature.  
By observing Figure 8, it can be seen that there is a possibility of hot spots in a few server racks, such as racks located at the extremity of each row. As far as the extraction zone is concerned, the probability of hot spots is very high, since the mean temperatures shown in Figure 8d are very close to the inlet air temperature.