## 4 EEG Dataset  
The public EEG database is provided by the University of Bonn, Germany [47]. The database has five sets known as Z, O, N, F and S. Each of these sets contains 100 single-channel recordings of  
Figure 4: TQWT-based multi-scale filtering operation starting from the approximate sub-band to the detailed sub-band: (**a**) for \(Q=1\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\); (**b**) for \(Q=2\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\); (**c**) for \(Q=3\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\).  
Figure 3: TQWT-based multi-scale filtering operation starting from the detailed sub-band to the approximate sub-band: (**a**) for \(Q=1\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\); (**b**) for \(Q=2\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\); (**c**) for \(Q=3\), \(R=3\), \(J=8\).  
EEG signals with a sampling rate of 173.61 Hz and a duration of 23.6 s. The sets Z and O contain the surface EEG recording, acquired from five healthy volunteers in eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, respectively, using the standard 10-20 electrode placement scheme. Hence, the EEG signals of sets Z and O are considered as normal EEG signals. Sets N and F contain seizure-free intracranial EEG signals, whereas set S contains intracranial seizure EEG signals. The three sets, namely N, F and S, were recorded from five epileptic patients in their presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. The EEG signals of set N were acquired from the hippocampal formation, opposite hemisphere of the brain. The EEG signals of set F were recorded from the epileptogenic zone. In Table 1, we have summarized the information of the above-mentioned EEG database. Figure 5 shows sample EEG signals belonging to the S, F, N, Z and O sets. In this study, we have performed six classification problems as follows:  
1. (S-Z): classification of two classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals and normal eyes-open (Z) EEG signals.
2. (S-O): classification of two classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals and normal eyes-closed (O) EEG signals.
3. (S-N): classification of two classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals and seizure-free (N) EEG signals.
4. (S-F): classification of two classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals and seizure-free (F) EEG signals.
5. (S-FNZO): classification of two classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals and non-seizure (F, N, Z and O) EEG signals.
6. (S-FN-ZO): classification of three classes, namely seizure (S) EEG signals, seizure-free (F and N) EEG signals and normal (Z and O) EEG signals.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Dataset** & **Type of Recording** & **Subjects** & **Total Number of Signals** & **Predetermined Class** \\ \hline
**S** & Intracranial & 5 patients & 100 & Seizure \\ \hline
**F** & Intracranial (Epileptogenic zone) & 5 patients & 100 & Seizure-free \\ \hline
**N** & Intracranial (Hippocampal & & & \\ formation opposite & 5 patients & 100 & Seizure-free \\  & hemisphere of the brain) & & & \\ \hline
**Z** & Surface (with eyes open) &
\begin{tabular}{c} 5 healthy \\ volunteers \\ \end{tabular} & 100 & Normal \\ \hline
**O** & Surface (with eyes closed) &
\begin{tabular}{c} 5 healthy \\ volunteers \\ \end{tabular} & 100 & Normal \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Information of the EEG datasets publicly made available by the University of Bonn, Germany [47].  
Figure 5: Sample EEG signals: (**a**) seizure (S); (**b**) seizure-free (F); (**c**) seizure-free (N); (**d**) normal eyes-open (Z); (**e**) normal eyes-closed (O).