# Analysis of Urban Spatial Accessibility of Museums within the Scope of Seoul
###### Abstract  
While urban accessibility of museums plays a crucial role in the growth of a cultural city, in reality, an uneven distribution of museums exists in cities. In particular, museums are concentrated in certain regions or located in a place that is different from the cognitive experience of local residents. To solve this issue, this study quantified the urban space of Seoul, which has entered into the status of a cultural city since the 1990s, as its target city by using space syntax. Further, a suitability analysis was conducted by extracting the museums' topological accessibility in the city structure as well as the accessibility by the travel angle and limit distance setting. The results showed that the physical locations of museums considering the minimum walking distance set in this study were somewhat separated or isolated from primary spaces where people travel. This indicates that determining museum locations by referring to the major travel routes throughout the city is a significant basis for securing physical accessibility. This study is meaningful as it establishes reference materials for determining museum locations in Seoul and will help form physical clusters of museums adjacent to each other. urban tourism; Seoul; space syntax; museum; accessibility 2022121749103390/buildings1210174910390/1  
Seoul, the capital of Korea, has been a popular cultural city in Asia since the 2000s [15]. Until the 1990s, manufacturing was the center of economic development in Seoul. However, as a result of efforts to promote deindustrialization due to factors such as inflation and developing the service industry, industries such as manufacturing businesses began to move to the suburbs [16]. As the abandoned buildings and spaces previously used for industrial purposes started to create social issues [17; 18], the government established urban regeneration policies. It revitalized old industrial heritage sites into infrastructures such as museums, art galleries, and cultural centers [19; 20]. Although the strategies of Seoul to develop as a cultural city were rather late compared to other developed countries, it can be determined that the development period that promoted the cultural city was considerably shortened [21; 22]. In particular, beginning in the 1990s, people became interested in culture and art due to the country's economic stability, and the number of museums increased significantly with local government systems [23]. According to the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism's 2018 survey of international visitors [24], the number of foreign tourists who visited Korea continued to rise from 2005 to 2014, and about 80% of them visited Seoul. Before the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of foreign tourists to Seoul showed a quantitative increase [25]. The urban accessibility of museums is the first thing to consider when creating museums to promote the growth of cultural cities [26]. However, in reality, there exists an uneven distribution of museums [27], where museums are heavily concentrated in some regions or their location is different from the cognitive experience of local residents [28]. Therefore, this study quantified the urban space of Seoul as its target city by using space syntax [29]. In addition to the topological structure formed by connecting urban roads, accessibility is also affected by the difficulty, mobility, and cognitive distance through space [30; 31; 32; 33]. This study aimed to analyze the urban topological and structural accessibility of museums and the correlation of museum accessibility based on the travel angle and limit distance by setting the scope of the travel angle and limit distance. Its purpose lies in proposing the reference data for determining the location of a museum in a cultural city in the future by considering urban accessibility. Additionally, international visitors use a vehicle or public transportation to go to specific areas in Seoul [24; 34; 35], but most walk from that area to their designated destination [36; 37].