Both tocopherols and tocotrienols exist as four homologues (\(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\), and \(\delta\)), which differ in the number and location of methyl groups in their chemical structures [25]. Vitamin E is only synthesized by photosynthetic organisms (mainly plants and algae), so it is a very important nutrient for humans and animals [26]. It is worth noting that individual tools differ in biological activity (vitamin E activity). Studies showed that \(\alpha\)-tocopherol is the most biologically active (100%), followed by \(\beta\)-tocopherol (50%), \(\gamma\)-tocopherol (10%), and \(\delta\)-tocopherol (3%). The biological activities of \(\alpha\)-, \(\beta\)-, and \(\gamma\)-tocotrienol are 30%, 8%, and 5% of that of \(\alpha\)-tocopherol, respectively, while the activity of \(\delta\)-tocotrienol was not defined [27]. Furthermore, the synthetic forms of tocopherols are not as bioavailable as their natural counterparts [28]. According to the different scientific institutions, 8-15 mg of \(\alpha\)-tocopherol or an \(\alpha\)-tocopherol equivalent per day for women and men are recommended [29]. Vitamin E deficiency can cause anemia, retinopathy, impaired immune response, and neuromuscular and neurological problems. However, the phenomenon is rare in humans and occurs as a result of abnormalities in the absorption or metabolism of dietary fats [30]. Nevertheless, the potential health benefits of natural tools intake are numerous. Literature data show that tools can exhibit anti-atherosclerotic, anti-cancer, anti-allergic, immune function-enhancing, anti-cardiovascular, anti-lipidemic, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-tis effects (more in work from [PERSON] et al. [29]). Recent studies demonstrated that tocotrienols have even higher chemo-preventive potencies against various degenerative diseases compared to tocopherols [31]. Moreover, the antioxidant properties of tools make them also interesting for food producers [32]. Although tools are common in plants, leaves and seeds of the same species vary in the amount and profile of these compounds. For example, \(\alpha\)-tocopherol is typically the main tocopherol homologue in the leaves of plants, whereas seeds can be richer in any of the other three forms of tocopherol. Tocotrienols, on the other hand, are found in the seed endosperm of monocots (e.g., cereal grains) and in the seeds of some dicots, including species of the _Apiaceae_ family (e.g., coriander, celery) [33]. The richest sources of natural tocopherols are plant oils, especially those from pomegranate seeds, wheat germ, fig seed, sea buckthom seeds, and corn germs (74.2-348.3 mg/100 g). The highest \(\alpha\)-tocopherol concentration (51.2-220.2 mg/100 g) was found in wheat germ, fig seed, and safflower, and sunflower oils [34]. In turn, palm oil and rice bran oil contain particularly high amounts of tocotrienols (94.0 mg and 46.5 mg/100 g, respectively) [35]. A minor component of selected plant oils is squalene. It is a linear triterpene synthesized in animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi as a precursor for the synthesis of secondary metabolites such as sterols, selected hormones, and vitamins [36]. Squalene accumulates in the liver and decreases hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides, with these actions being exerted via a complex network of changes in gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels [37]. Due to its increasing roles in the cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries, the demand for this compound is high [38]. Among the plant sources, squalene content is the highest in amaranth oil (5942 mg/100 g), olive oil (564 mg/100 g), and peanut oil (27.4 mg/100 g) [36]. Unfortunately, the majority of commercial oils do not contain this valuable molecule. Carotenoids, similar to tools, are an important group of lipid-soluble antioxidants synthetized mainly in plants [39]. The compounds are 40 carbon tetraterpenoids with 3-13 conjugated double bonds in their skeleton.