# Assessing the Impact of an EV Battery Swapping Station on the Reliability of Distribution Systems
## 6 Numerical Study
### Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**System** & **Load Point** & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** \\ \hline SAIFI & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.6466 \\ (time/c-y) \\ \end{tabular} & 2.9339 & \begin{tabular}{c} LAIDI \\ (h/c-y) \\ \end{tabular} & 2.2000 & 2.3000 & 1.8000 & 3.1000 & 4.1000 & 4.5000 & 1.6000 & 4.2000 \\ \hline SEENS & \begin{tabular}{c} 40.8239 \\ (MWh/y) \\ \end{tabular} & 40.8239 & \begin{tabular}{c} LEENS \\ (MWh/y) \\ \end{tabular} & 0.6671 & 0.7583 & 0.7865 & 0.6555 & 0.9269 & 2.8531 & 1.1190 & 0.8685 \\ \hline  & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.68671 \\ \end{tabular} & 0.7519 & 0.6614 & 0.7467 & 0.4088 & 0.6469 & 0.8804 & 1.3367 & 0.8357 \\ \hline Load point & 17 & 18 & 19 & 20 & 21 & 22 & 23 & 24 \\ \hline LAIFI & \begin{tabular}{c} 1.0000 \\ (time/c-y) \\ \end{tabular} & 1.0000 & 0.7000 & 1.0000 & 0.8000 & 0.7000 & 0.3000 & 0.5000 & 0.3000 \\ \hline LAIDI & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 5.3000 \\ (h/c-y) \\ \end{tabular} & 5.3000 & 3.7000 & 4.3000 & 4.8000 & 2.9000 & 1.5000 & 2.3000 & 1.5000 \\ \hline LEENS &
\begin{tabular}{c} 1.6864 \\ (MWh/y) \\ \end{tabular} & 1.6864 & 1.1407 & 1.3197 & 1.4358 & 0.8455 & 0.4852 & 3.5709 & 2.2642 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Calculation of system reliability indexes in Case 2. From Tables 4-6, the following can be found:  
When the system is connected to a BSS without V2G capability, the power distribution system's SAIFI, SAIDI, SEENS, LAIFI, LAIDI, LEENS, and other indicators will increase accordingly, of which SAIFI, SAIDI, and SEENS will increase by 0.0309 time/c-y, 0.5896 h/c-y, and 12.103 MWh/y, respectively. The reason is that simply connecting the BSS to the distribution network will increase the system load value and the maximum load utilization hours, increase the load loss caused by the fault, and reduce the system reliability. When the system is connected to a BSS with V2G capability, the batteries of EVs can interact with the distribution network in the form of V2G. According to the calculation, the LEENS of load point \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**System** & **Load Point** & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** \\ \hline SAIFI (time/c-y) & 0.6313 & LAIFI (time/c-y) & 0.7000 & 0.7000 & 0.5000 & 0.5000 & 1.4000 & 0.7000 & 0.4000 & 1.4000 \\ \hline SAIDI (h/c-y) & 2.8657 & LAIDI (h/c-y) & 2.2000 & 2.3000 & 1.8000 & 3.1000 & 4.0000 & 4.5000 & 1.6000 & 4.1000 \\ \hline SEENS (MWh/y) & 39.8603 & LEENS (MWh/y) & 0.6671 & 0.7583 & 0.7865 & 0.6555 & 0.9067 & 2.8531 & 1.1190 & 0.8483 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Load point} & 9 & 10 & 11 & 12 & 13 & 14 & 15 & 16 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIFI (time/c-y)} & 1.0000 & 0.5000 & 0.6000 & 0.4000 & 0.3000 & 1.3000 & 1.7000 & 1.2000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIDI (h/c-y)} & 3.3000 & 4.5000 & 3.6000 & 1.9000 & 1.5000 & 3.9000 & 6.4000 & 3.7000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LEENS (MWh/y)} & 0.7519 & 0.6614 & 0.7467 & 0.4088 & 0.6469 & 0.8804 & 1.3367 & 0.8357 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Load point} & 17 & 18 & 19 & 20 & 21 & 22 & 23 & 24 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIFI (time/c-y)} & 0.8000 & 0.7000 & 0.9000 & 0.7000 & 0.7000 & 0.3000 & 0.5000 & 0.3000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIDI (h/c-y)} & 4.7000 & 3.7000 & 4.2000 & 4.6000 & 2.9000 & 1.5000 & 2.3000 & 1.5000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LEENS (MWh/y)} & 1.4859 & 1.1407 & 1.2857 & 1.3642 & 0.8455 & 0.4852 & 3.5709 & 2.2642 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Load point} & 25 & 26 & 27 & 28 & 29 & 30 & 31 & 32 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIFI (time/c-y)} & 1.2000 & 1.0000 & 1.4000 & 0.4000 & 0.7823 & 0.5289 & 0.3000 & 0.6000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LAIDI (h/c-y)} & 4.2000 & 3.8000 & 4.0000 & 1.8000 & 5.0834 & 2.2867 & 1.5000 & 3.5000 \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{LEENS (MWh/y)} & 0.9523 & 0.8201 & 0.8933 & 0.7412 & 3.3938 & 4.0019 & 1.1321 & 0.6206 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Calculation of system reliability indexes in Case 3.