## 2 Materials and Methods  
We monitored the EST of 11 Duroc pigs (7 females and 4 males, Table 1) during a 65 h commercial transport from a pathogen-free nucleus facility in Canada to Ciudad Real, Spain, from 19 to 22 May, 2016. The pigs were 46 to 114 days old, grouped into four classes: Group 1 nearly, 7 weeks old (3 animals, all of them females); Group 2, 10 weeks old (2 females); Group 3, 13 weeks old (3 animals, one male); and Group 4, 16 weeks old (3 males) (Table 1). Since the study was undertaken in commercial conditions, we were not allowed access to the animals during transport and were not able to weigh them before the journey. The journey was separated into five stages differentiated by vehicles used: Stage1-Air, aircraft travel from Toronto Airport to Luxembourg Airport (12 h); Stage2-Road, road transport from Luxembourg Airport to Bordeaux (13 h); Stage3-Rest, a rest period in Bordeaux (24 h); Stage4-Road, road transport from Bordeaux to Lerida (9 h); and Stage5-Road, road transport from Lerida to Ciudad Real (9 h). Plane transport followed International Air Transport Association (IATA) Live Animals Regulations guidelines: using containers to ensure adequate ventilation of pigs and controlling environmental factors (standard recommendations for pigs over 7 kg 10-23.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C temperature, 0-75% RH and 0-3% for CO\({}^{2}\)) [24]. Each pig was housed individually in stalls with a litter of wood pellets and access to feed and water throughout the flight. Road transport was carried out in accordance with European Regulations for the protection of animals during transport [25]. The trailers used were 16 m long with two decks but no controlled environment system. The dimensions of the stall were 3 m long and 2.4 m in width and height. The pen floors had shavings and straw depending on the weather at the time of loading, and the animals fed during travel. To measure EST, we used iButtons (DS1923, Maxim Integrated Product, Dallas, USA) (Figure 1a) with a resolution of 0.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C and a reported accuracy of \(\pm\)0.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The loggers were launched before the journey began and downloaded after the last stage, using One Wire Viewer software (version 3.17.44; Figure 1b). Each iButton was fastened to the ID tag on the ear of each animal (Figure 1c) in such a way that it was in contact with the inner part of the ear (Figure 1d). Temperature was measured every 180 s (as in [18]), producing 1300 data points for the whole journey per animal. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Pig Number** & **Sex** & **Birth Date** & **Age Group** & **Weight (kg)** \\ \hline
1 & Female & 04/04/2016 & 1 & 15.38 \\
2 & Male & 30/01/2016 & 4 & 78.47 \\
3 & Female & 04/04/2016 & 1 & 18.19 \\
4 & Female & 18/02/2016 & 3 & 49.48 \\
5 & Female & 02/04/2016 & 1 & 17.41 \\
6 & Female & 11/03/2016 & 2 & 30.65 \\
7 & Male & 18/02/2016 & 3 & 45.22 \\
8 & Female & 17/02/2016 & 3 & 48.5 \\
9 & Male & 30/01/2016 & 4 & 58.51 \\
10 & Male & 27/01/2016 & 4 & 85.64 \\
11 & Female & 10/03/2016 & 2 & 28.93 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Summary of the pigs used in the study including sex, birth date, age group, and weight upon arrival (see text). Figure 1: (**a**) iButton Loggers DS1992 E. (**b**) Desktop reader for iButton DS1402D-DR8. (**c**) Detail of the iButton sensor coupling to the tag. (**d**) Installation of the sensor with the sensor attached to the animal to be monitored. To avoid considering EST values that corresponded to transfer times between different transport stages, we only considered 60% of the data, eliminating 20% of the data at the beginning and end of each stage (Figure 2). The averages and standard deviations (SD) of the EST were calculated per animal, per sex, and per journey stage. A one-way ANOVA analysis was performed considering stages as a factor. A one-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests with [PERSON]'s honestly significant difference procedure were used to identify significant differences among the animals.