# The Smart Buildings Revolution: A Comprehensive Review of the Smart Readiness Indicator Literature
## 4 Results and Discussion
### Dominant Themes in the Smart Readiness Literature
#### 4.1.6 SRI Scores and Energy Performance  
Improving energy efficiency and increasing smartness levels are crucial determinants shaping contemporary trends in building. The implementation of the SRI by [PERSON] et al. [56] at the energy center building of Turin used EnergyPlus modeling (version 9.2.0) and different scenarios of control and energy management to assess their impact on the overall SRI evaluation. Their research revealed a disconnection between energy performance and smart readiness, indicating that reductions in energy needs resulting from dynamic simulations do not consistently translate into improvements in SRI scores. Moreover, when comparing various shading systems, they observed that the SRI failed to adequately account for the performance variations resulting from the installation of different devices, such as blinds with distinct materials and characteristics. Instead, the SRI primarily focuses on the control and management strategies of these systems, irrespective of their energy characteristics. [PERSON] et al. [65] conducted a case study assessing the SRI's application to a complex multi-family building. The study emphasizes the need for detailed characterization of each energy type consumed, particularly hot water supply systems and heating. In addition, the documentation of the window orientation and the presence and size of shading devices or protective layers is crucial. These factors play a significant role in accurately evaluating a building's energy performance and the effectiveness of the SRI in such complex settings. [PERSON] et al. [68] chose a methodology aligned with the SRI assessment framework to evaluate user needs in terms of control systems and building automation. In their study, they added a fourth area, \"Monitoring, Control, and Supervision\", to the three primary impact areas of the SRI introduced by [PERSON] et al. [50]. They noted that enhanced control and user awareness contribute to greater satisfaction rates, whereas completely automated control systems often tend to cause lower levels of satisfaction. [PERSON] et al. [10] developed a methodology to quantify the practical assessment of building energy flexibility performance. They demonstrated that activating building energy flexibility, despite its simplified implementation, leads to significant savings in terms of CO\({}_{2}\) emissions and residual energy. Improvements can be achieved through the implementation of more effective control strategies compared to conventional operations, without necessitating substantial renovations and advanced technologies. [PERSON] [49] proposed a hybrid approach to the technical structuring and design of field-level BACS networks, considering the SRI assessment method, and discussed the SRI assessment methodology and the EN 15232 standard guidelines to evaluate their impact on buildings' energy efficiency and develop technical guidelines for the design of BACS functions. [PERSON] et al. [78] evaluated the quality of demand response services by analyzing the flexible energy sources in buildings and their impact on occupant comfort. Their study introduced the \"quality of flexibility\" and examined air handling unit fans, heat pumps, and battery storage. Their results indicate that fan data exhibit low uncertainty, which is suitable for ancillary services, while heat pumps exhibit higher volatility but remain suitable for energy services. As a benchmark for energy efficiency, the \"act and measure-analyze-decide and act\" methodology was employed to measure the SRI for university buildings by [PERSON] et al. [32]. Two conceptual spaces (digital and physical) within two dimensions (infrastructures and users) were designated using a three-level IoT model. They emphasized the importance of measuring data to convert it into actionable insights and quantifying critical efficiency indicators such as the SRI to facilitate informed decision-making.