# A Cluster-Based Dual-Adaptive Topology Control Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks
## 4 Performance Evaluation
### Simulation Metrics and Deployment Settings
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline
**Description** & **Parameter** & **Value** \\ \hline Transmitting antenna gain & \(G_{t}\) & \(1\) \\ \hline Receiving antenna gain & \(G_{r}\) & \(1\) \\ \hline Transmitting antenna height & \(h_{t}\) & \(1\) m \\ \hline Receiving antenna height & \(h_{r}\) & \(1\) m \\ \hline Maximum transmitting power & \(p_{i,max}\) & For any node \(i\), \(p_{i,max}\) is set as randomly distributed between 0 dBm and 20 dBm \\ \hline Receiver sensitivity & \(p^{h_{i}}\) & For any node \(i\), \(p^{h_{i}}\) is as \(-85\) dBm \\ \hline Carrier signal wavelength & \(\lambda\) & \(0.1224\) m \\ \hline System loss factor & \(L\) & \(1\) \\ \hline Crossover distance & \(d_{\textit{conssover}}\) & \(103\) m \\ \hline Initial battery capacity & \(\epsilon_{i,\text{i,iter}}\) & For any node \(i\), \(\epsilon_{i,\text{i}}\) is randomly distributed between 0.05 and 0.2 J \\ \hline Bit rate & \(R_{b}\) & \(2\) Mbit/s \\ \hline SNR threshold & \(\gamma(M_{t}M_{t})\) & \(\gamma(1,1)=54.4\) dBm; \(\gamma(1,2)=40.6\) dBm; \(\gamma(2,1)=44.1\) dBm; \(\gamma(2,2)=36.9\) dBm \\ \hline Factor depending on amplifier drain efficiency and underlying modulation & \(\delta\) & \(0.5\) \\ \hline Single-sided thermal noise PSD & \(N_{o}\) & \(-171\) dBm/Hz \\ \hline Passband bandwidth & \(B\) & \(10\) kHz \\ \hline Receiver noise figure & \(N_{f}\) & \(40\) dBm \\ \hline Constant depending on transmitter and receiver antenna gains & \(G_{o}\) & \(1\) \\ \hline Link margin compensating for hardware variations and other sources of interference & \(M_{l}\) & \(40\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for digital-to-analog converter & \(P_{DAC}\) & \(12\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for mixer & \(P_{mix}\) & \(15\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for low noise amplifier & \(P_{LNA}\) & \(13\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for intermediate frequency amplifier & \(P_{lFA}\) & \(3\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for active filter at the transmitter side & \(P_{gfl}\) & \(4\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for active filter at receiver side & \(P_{gfl}\) & \(4\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for analog-to-digital converter & \(P_{ADC}\) & \(12\) dBm \\ \hline Power consumption for frequency synthesizer & \(P_{ggn}\) & \(17\) dBm \\ \hline Length of data packet consisting of 4 sub-packages & \(l\) & \(10,\!000\) bit \\ \hline Reference energy & \(e_{\textit{ref}}\) & \(0.2\) J \\ \hline Reference distance & \(d_{\textit{ref}}\) & \(420\) m \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The simulation parameters. the frame success rate in the link from it to its neighbor (e.g., node \(j\)), where \(M\) denotes the frame length, and \(\gamma_{i,j}\) is the Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) of node \(j\). The frame length \(M\) is set as 2500 bit, and the setting of value for \(\gamma_{ij}\) should ensure that the bit error rate in the link \(i\rightarrow j\) is not greater than \(10^{-5}\). Based on the frame success rate in the link \(i\rightarrow j\), the link delay (e.g., \(t_{ij}\)) can be estimated by \(t_{i,j}=t_{j}^{b}\big{/}f\left(\gamma_{i,j}\right)\) in [26], where \(t_{j}^{b}\) denotes the packet forwarding capacity of node \(j\), and is set as 100 ns/bit. The following describes and analyses the experiment results in detail.