# Strategic Resource Planning for Sustainable Biogas Integration in Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
## 3 Results  
After running the optimization process, Table 1 presents some of the top-performing cases from Scenario 1. These cases highlight the most efficient combinations of biomass transportation and biogas production, providing insights into how the system can meet energy demands at minimal cost. From the results in Table 1, several key insights can be drawn:  
In all cases, the total biogas generation exceeds the annual demand while ensuring zero UDR. Different combinations of trips and truck capacities are used in each case. For example, the first case uses smaller trucks (5 tons) more frequently, whereas larger trucks (20 and 25 tons) are used in fewer trips in other cases. This indicates the trade-off between truck size and the number of trips required for biomass delivery. In each case, the first truckload arrives at the first hour to meet immediate demand and ensure proper storage levels. 3 from Table 1) demonstrate different supply patterns, charging, and releasing dynamics based on the available biomass input and storage capacity. In both cases, the system is designed to ensure that all demand is met, with any surplus biogas either stored or released when storage reaches its maximum capacity. In both cases, biogas production, demand, and storage capacity balance are carefully managed through charging and releasing biogas when necessary. Charging (green bars) begins when biogas production exceeds demand and the storage has available capacity. In both cases, the charging process starts around the same time (approximately hour 8). However, the difference lies in the storage and release patterns. In Case 1, storage fills up quickly, leading to earlier and more frequent releases of excess biogas (blue bars). On the other hand, in Case 3, the storage period is longer before releasing excess biogas due to the larger total biomass input, resulting in fewer but larger releases. As the system works to meet demand, discharging (red bars) ensures the energy requirements are met when production is insufficient. In both cases, the storage never falls below the minimum reserve level, ensuring that the system can handle fluctuations in demand. The dashed line shows that the system consistently meets demand, only drawing from storage when necessary. The release rates in both cases are linked to how quickly the storage fills up. In Case 1, the release rate is lower (35.17%) because the system manages storage effectively with the smaller biomass input. In Case 3, the release rate is higher (52.89%) due to the larger biomass input, causing the storage to fill up faster and leading to more frequent releases of surplus gas. The supply step is crucial. In Case 3, with a longer supply step (195 h), the system can operate for extended periods without restocking biomass, resulting in more stable charging and releasing patterns. Conversely, Case 1, with shorter supply intervals (90 h), requires more frequent interventions, potentially increasing operational complexity. Figure 5: The process of meeting biogas demand over 48 h for Scenario 1. Figure 5 demonstrates how the system effectively balances biogas production, charge, and release to meet demand and efficiently manage storage. The system is designed to prevent wastage while ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply. A new optimization was performed for Scenario 2, where other energy generators are assumed to be offline during July, necessitating a 24 h biogas supply. This adjustment led to changes in the biomass supply intervals to meet the increased demand. The optimized results for this analysis are presented in Table 2, showing the impact on biomass inputs, costs, and biogas generation efficiency. The comparison between Table 1 (Scenario 1) and Table 2 (Scenario 2) highlights key differences that emerge under the distinct conditions of each scenario. In Scenario 2 (Table 2), the biomass input is slightly higher across all cases compared to Scenario 1. For instance, in Case 1, the total biomass increases from 500 to 515 tons.