esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 5 Conclusions  
MCDM, specifically F-PROMETHEE, was shown to be applicable to intrope selection for patients with reduced ejection fraction heart failure under acute and chronic groups. With highest net ranking values, dopamine and noradrenaline were determined to be the best two options for acute HFrEF patients, while dopamine and milrinone were determined to be the best two options for acute chronic patients. Using MCDM, the strengths and weaknesses of the most prevalent intrope alternatives were evaluated, compared to each other, and ranked accordingly based on their resulting ranking value. Therefore, a mathematical approach to evaluating the risks and benefits of various inotropes for an average patient is thought to be helpful for clinical specialists that need to make quick decisions without the full patient data.  
As this study focused on the most often used intrope alternatives, we can say that it does not encompass all the possible drugs available on the market. However, it is a logical next step that MCDM can be used for further study, as it was shown to create a ranking from a more comprehensive list of inotropes. Further expanding on the available parameters to increase the accuracy of the obtained ranking list is also possible within this context. Finally, considering the presence of other comorbidities, like kidney failure, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tachycardia, or anemia, alongside heart failure, in order to evaluate each clinical presentation as a different class may yield more effective treatment options for each patient's specific needs.  
It is noteworthy that the same approach and analysis structure can be very easily adapted toward other multi-criteria healthcare problems, including analyses of other drug types for other types of illnesses.  
It is also possible to conclude that simply tailoring the importance weights according to the attending specialist's judgment and patients' clinical presentation can create a more personalized decision-making process, which is thought to be of significant value to both patients and doctors.  
Conceptualization, C.O., D.U.O., O.B. and B.U.; methodology, C.O., B.U. and D.U.O.; validation, O.B., B.U. and D.U.O.; formal analysis C.O. and B.U.; investigations C.O., O.B., D.U.O. and B.U.; resources, C.O. and O.B.; data curation, C.O. and O.B.; writing--original draft preparation, C.O., O.B., B.U. and D.U.O.; writing--review and editing O.B., D.U.O. and B.U.; visualization, C.O.; supervision, D.U.O., O.B. and B.U.; project administration D.U.O., O.B. and B.U. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
# Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Slate Shearing Mechanical Behavior
## 6 Conclusions and Prospects
### Prospects  
In rocks with bedding planes, the number of planes affects mechanical properties. This study examines the effects of bedding dip angles and normal stress on shear behavior but does not address the impact of varying numbers of bedding planes. Future research should explore how different quantities of bedding planes influence shear failure and consider additional factors to enhance tunnel stability.  
In experimental research, the precision limitations of experimental instruments can significantly impact the reliability and accuracy of the results. In future research, we will use higher precision and more advanced instrumentation for experimental analysis, seeking different analytical methods to comprehensively evaluate the shear mechanical behavior of layered rocks.  
This study focuses solely on carbonaceous slate from a specific tunnel, and the generalizability of the results to other types of slate or different geological contexts requires further validation. Future research will combine with other numerical simulation software, advanced methods, and field data to be applied to different types of rocks or geological contexts, further enhancing and refining the understanding of shear failure behavior in layered rocks.  
J.G.: methodology (equal), software (equal), and writing--original draft (equal); M.H.: investigation (equal), writing--review (equal), and resources (equal); F.R.: funding acquisition (equal), supervision (equal), methodology (equal), and writing--review and editing (equal); C.Z.: funding acquisition (equal) and supervision (equal); Z.C.: supervision (equal), investigation (equal), resources (equal), and writing--review (equal); Z.B.: supervision (equal),writing--review (equal), and resources (equal); Z.S.: supervision (equal), investigation (equal), and resources (equal). All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This study is supported by the Province Education Department of Liaoning (Grant No. JYTMS20230958), and the opening fund of the Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin, Ministry of Water Resources (No. 2023-SYSJJ-02).  
Not applicable.  
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.  
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.  
The bidding dip angle of slate: the angle between the bedding plane and the horizontal plane  
A  
Acoustic emission  
\(\tau_{\text{p}}\), \(\tau_{\text{r}}\)  
Peak and residual shear stresses  
\(\tau,\sigma_{\text{n}}\)  
Shear and normal stresses  
\(\sigma_{\text{nmax}}\)  
Maximum normal stress  
\(c,\varphi\)  
Cohesion and internal friction angle  
\(\tau_{\text{r}}/\tau_{\text{p}}\)  
the ratio of residual stress to peak stress  
XRD  
X-ray diffraction  
PAC  
Physical Acoustics Corporation  
FC  
Force chain  
SD  
Standard deviation  
SW  
Slip weakening  
M-C  
Mohr-Coulomb
# Automatic Configurable Hardware Code Generation for Software-Defined Radios+
## 5 Hardware Implementation
### Hardware Dataflow Channels  
The actors of the SDF-AP model use unidirectional channels to communicate tokens to each other. The channel is mapped to a physical FIFO buffer that is typically implemented as distributed or block RAM in FPGA. The allocated buffer size for each FIFO is determined using the Algorithm 2. The FIFO is also regarded as a fixed HW block with the generic parameters (such as a customizable data width and storage depth) and their values can be changed during synthesis of the VHDL code. In addition to _clk_, _rst_, _din_, _vld_, and _dout_ ports, the FIFO has input and output handshaking ports namely  
Figure 4: The simplified transition system of the SDF-AP model example in Figure 2.  
write-enable (_we_) input port which is set by a source HW block to enable the FIFO write operation and the read-enable (_re_) input port which is set by a sink HW block to request the read of data sample from a FIFO. There are also status ports which include the fifo-empty (_em_) and a fifo-full (_fl_). _em_ indicates that there are no stored data samples in the FIFO and _fl_ asserts when the FIFO buffer is full. An empty FIFO will not output a valid data when _vld_ port is set high, similarly, the FIFO will not allow write operation when _we_ port is set high.
## 5 Conclusions and Outlook  
This paper has discussed some of the opportunities created by combining modern multimedia analysis techniques with tools for crawling and performing analysis on archives of community memories. The paper has also described how some of these techniques are being made available within the tools developed by the ARCOMEM project.  
Looking ahead to the future, there are a number of research areas in which the use of multimedia analysis could be expanded with respect to the archiving of community memories. Two specific areas for further exploration are outlined below:  
1. Image-entity-guided crawling. At the moment, within the ARCOMEM tools, the visual entity tools are applied to the archive after it has been created. However, visual entities could potentially be used to directly influence the crawl process; for example, if a crawl was specified to look at topics surrounding the Olympic games, then the crawl specification could contain images of the Olympic rings logo, and the visual analytics tools could be used to detect the presence of this logo in images. Pages with embedded images with the logo and the outlinks of these pages could then be given higher priority by the crawler.
2. Image-entity co-reference resolution in multilingual corpora. Image content is inevitably reused across different documents; often, the image will have been scaled or cropped as it is used in different documents. Our tools for detecting this kind of reuse are now quite robust and are capable of providing coreference resolution of the images and the entities they depict. This has many practical uses; for example, it could be used to link documents in different languages as being related, even though we may not have natural language processing tools for the languages in question. In turn, this coreference information could be used to help guide the crawler to new relevant content.
## 3 Channel Model
### FSO Channel
#### 3.1.6 Overall Channel Statistical Characteristics  
The combined FSO channel fading due to atmospheric attenuation, turbulence, PE, and AOA, respectively, and can be expressed as  
\[h_{j}=h_{j}^{a}h_{j}^{h}h_{j}^{b}h_{j}^{aaa},j\in\{SR_{i},R_{i}D\} \tag{25}\]  
The PDF of \(h_{j}\) can be expressed as  
\[f_{h_{j}}(h_{j})=\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{h_{j}^{*}}h_{j}^{aaa}\left(\frac{h_{ j}}{h_{j}^{*}}\right)f_{h_{j}^{*}}\left(h_{j}^{*}\right)\mathrm{d}h_{j}^{*},j \in\{SR_{i},R_{i}D\}, \tag{26}\]  
where \(h_{j}^{*}\triangleq H_{j}^{a}h_{j}^{t}h_{j}^{p}\). By using Equations (11), (13) and (21), and substituting Equation (24) into Equation (26), we obtain the PDF of \(h_{j}\) as (27):  
\[f_{h_{j}}(h_{j})=\exp\left(-\frac{\theta_{FoV,j}^{2}}{2\sigma_{\theta}^{2}} \right)\delta(h_{j})+\left[1-\exp\left(-\frac{\theta_{FoV,j}^{2}}{2\sigma_{ \theta}^{2}}\right)\right]\frac{\alpha_{j}\beta_{j}s_{j}^{2}}{A_{0j}h_{j}^{a \Gamma}(\alpha_{j})\Gamma(\beta_{j})}\times C_{1,3}^{30}\left[\frac{\alpha_{j} \beta_{j}}{A_{0j}h_{j}^{a}}h_{j}\right]\begin{array}{c}g_{j}^{2}\\ g_{j}^{2}-1,\alpha_{j}-1,\beta_{j}-1\end{array}\right],j\in\{SR_{i},R_{i}D\} \tag{27}\]  
Using Equations 07.34.21.0001.01 and 07.34.16.0001.01 in [18], the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the AWACS-to-UAV and UAV-to-GS \(F_{\gamma_{f}^{FSO}}\big{(}\gamma_{th_{FSO}}\big{)}\) is given by  
\[F_{\gamma_{f}^{FSO}}\big{(}\gamma_{th_{FSO}}\big{)}=\int_{0}^{ \gamma_{th_{FSO}}}f_{\gamma_{f}^{FSO}}(\gamma_{j}^{FSO})d\gamma_{j}^{FSO} \tag{28}\] \[=\exp\left(-\frac{\theta_{FoV,j}^{2}}{2\sigma_{\theta}^{2}} \right)+\left[1-\exp\left(-\frac{\theta_{FoV,j}^{2}}{2\sigma_{\theta}^{2}} \right)\right]\frac{g_{j}^{2}}{\Gamma(\alpha_{j})\Gamma(\beta_{j})}G_{2,4}^{3,1}\left[\frac{\alpha_{j}\beta_{j}}{A_{0j}h_{j}^{a}}\sqrt{\gamma_{th_{FSO}} \sigma_{f}^{2}/2\eta^{2}P_{f,j}^{2}}\right]\begin{array}{c}1,g_{j}^{2}+1\\ g_{j}^{2},\alpha_{j},\beta_{j},0\end{array}\right],j=SR_{i},R_{i}D\]
# THz Rectennas and Their Design Rules
## 7 Fabrication Aspects
### Roll to Roll Manufacturing  
While the previous type of production of nano printed features slightly helps reduce the price and offers production with larger capacities, roll to roll manufacturing (R2R) can be a promising technology to produce rectennas at much lower prices. In fact, the lump cost comes from using the substrate, be it silicon or any other material. [PERSON] [107] argues that producing nano features on foldable structures can be even less expensive. This argument has good background as the cost of producing hologram-printed features that are used on credit cards and authentic trade marks is around $0.15 per square meter. In fact, using foldable rectenna array structures to harvest waste heat energy can offer more flexibility.  
[PERSON] ([107] (Figure 16.15)) suggests the following solution, shown in Figure 14, to mass-produce rectennas at reduced prices. In a recent follow up [108], the patented work is for addressing many fabrication issues by using inexpensive multilayer plastic printing drums to help deliver light to the photoresist printed layer through the roll to roll fabrication process. Moreover, the patent suggests using \"solvent/diluent\" mixture to use in the fabrication process of thermally-developed polymer photoresists. It is advantageous because it does not require the elevated temperatures that may damage other temperature-sensitive features already printed, as suggested by the author.
# Development of the Virtual Reality Application:
## 2 Methodology
### Polygon Mesh Optimization
#### 2.2.5 Applying Textures to a Polygon Mesh  
When a 3D model is successfully unwrapped there are two options:  
* Manually paint the textures onto the UV maps.
* Import the unwrapped 3D model into 3D texturing software and generate the painted textures.  
3D texturing software, such as Substance 3D Painter, provide the necessary tools for painting high-quality and detailed maps (base color, normal, roughness, metallic, ambient occlusion, etc.), facilitating the creation of PBR materials. PBR stands for physical based rendering but it can also be known as physical based shading. It is a pipeline that simulates materials in a plausible way, aiming for realistic results.  
Advanced masking and procedural texturing tools allow us to achieve textures that are much harder to create with a 2D program such as Gimp or Photoshop. Substance 3D Painter allows the creation of realistic materials using various sources and provides procedural tools to enhance the base materials with whatever is necessary for the most accurate resemblance. Finally, it bakes the textures to different maps according to the target engine, in this case the metallic channel of Unity3d's standard shader.  
Reference images are some of the most important resources for the design of the textures and, when talking about a realistic representation of a historical event, are strictly tied with the quality of the result. For \"The Ships of Navarro\", there was access to a small archive of drawings and images resembling the warships, and to historical specialists that acted as counselors. On this basis the various materials of the ships were created. Given the fact that this project demanded careful spending on materials and texture sizes, a flexible organization of UV maps was used so that one texture would include more than one material and every material could be used in more than one mesh, and potentially in more than one ship.  
To further elaborate on this, every texture was a blend of more than one material, depending on each ship's demand for different materials (Figure 11). Creating textures in this way also proved to be very useful in a later stage, when correcting a mesh's material was an easy procedure when could occur just by moving the UV tiles to different coordinates. However, due to their unique nature, specific meshes such as a ship's wheel (Figure 12), anchor, or figureheads, were treated differently, as they were solely hand-painted and in fact, in more detail, so that the materials could be used exclusively on them. Additionally, corrections on these objects were a more complex procedure as they could only be completed with Substance Painter.  
Following a pipeline that highlighted reusability, when possible, a significant reduction in draw calls was achieved, because inside Unity3d their number maintained a low reassuring performance whilst maintaining accurate representation of materiality on the ships (Figure 13).  
Figure 11: Maps created by Adobe Substance 3D Painter.  
Figure 12: [PERSON]’s deck. Screenshot from the environment of the Unity3d Game Engine.
###### Abstract  
Since the beginning of spring 2022, successive landslides have occurred in the eastern pit slope of the Wolong Coal Mine in Oipanjing Town, Otog Banner, Inner Mongolia, which has adversely affected the mine's production safety. This study aims to reveal the deformation patterns and failure mechanisms of landslides. Firstly, this study establishes the stratigraphic structure of the eastern pit slope of the Wolong Coal Mine using extensive field geological surveys combined with unmanned aerial vehicle photography, drilling, and comprehensive physical exploration techniques. Indoor geotechnical tests and microscopic experiments reveal that rock mass typically exhibits the characteristics of expansibility and water sensitivity. Moreover, the mechanical parameters of the rock mass were determined using a combination of the window sampling method, the Geological Strength Index, and the Hoek-Brown strength criterion estimation theory. Finally, this study consolidates the previously mentioned insights and employs FLAC3D (7.0) software to assess the stress-strain characteristics of the excavated slope. The results indicate that the deformation mode of the Wolong open pit coal mine is the toppling failure of soft-hard-interbedded anti-inclined layered rock slopes. The unloading effect and rock expansion-induced softening lead to stress concentration at the slope corners and more substantial deformation, thereby accelerating upper slope deformation. The deformation and destabilization process of landslides is categorized into four stages: the initial deformation stage, the development stage of lateral shear misalignment, the development stage of horizontal tensile-shear damage, and the slip surface development to the preslip stage. This research offers valuable references and engineering insights for future scientific investigations and the prevention of similar slope-related geological hazards.  
layered rock slope; anti-inclined rock slope; soft-hard-interbedded rock mass; failure mechanism; open-pit coal mine +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences
# Trusted Academic Transcripts on the Blockchain: A Systematic Literature Review
## 5 Contribution Overview
### Ethereum Prototypes  
Although trivial Bitcoin script code could be executed from 2012 on the Bitcoin blockchain thanks to the introduction of the pay-to-script-hash [89], it is only after introducing Ethereum that blockchain-based applications began to be adopted also in non-financial fields [90]. An attempt to explain in a straightforward manner how to issue a digital certificate on the Ethereum blockchain was provided in 2019 by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [19]. The authors described the type of contract used for uploading, verifying, and updating users' data, as well as providing practical examples. The proposed features concerned the requirement of an open and public Blockchain, interoperability, accessibility, and the availability of a database to provide more data for every registered user. Similar conclusions were also highlighted by [PERSON] et al. [73] by interviewing academic employees and students. Data obtained was then used to build a prototype (on the Ethereum blockchain) that was meant to be open and user-friendly [6; 76]. Along the same lines, [PERSON] et al. [72] explained how to implement smart contracts and gave an in-depth explanation of the importance of implementing a database to work alongside the blockchain [75]. In their opinion, because of the introduction of GDPR, data should not be permanently stored and available online. Therefore, while a hash could be registered on the blockchain, the database should be used to store personal users' data. A Cleveland State University study also developed two prototypes utilizing a hybrid blockchain database approach (making use of the BigChainDB NoSQL database) [69]. Although the work was in a very early stage, results show the improvement of data management and transfer thanks to the use of a peripheral database. A project that was more focused on user-experience was instead developed at the University of Taiwan. The application provided a user-friendly interface to issue and retrieve an academic diploma. Issued certificates are supplied with a QR code that, if scanned, redirects to the verification interface [46]. Focused more on a social and economic aspect, [PERSON] et al. [16] proposed an equilibrium model to incentivize verifiers to cooperate with the platform and minimize the system's social costs. Although without going into details, this is the only paper that also considers social and economic aspects of academic applications.
## 3 Approach
### Demodulation
#### 3.4.1 Vehicle and Taillight Detection  
The first step of the demodulation process at the receiving vehicle is to detect the modulated light source. This is done by detecting the vehicle itself and infer on the two ROIs where the modulated taillights are expected. For detecting the bounding box of the vehicle in front the MobileNets framework published by [PERSON] et al. [22] is used. In the current version of this proposed system, the vehicle and its taillights are detected in a single frame. Thus, in this implementation, the Single-Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) version of the MobileNets framework is used. Such an SSD discretizes the output space of bounding boxes into a set of default boxes over different aspect ratios and scales per feature map location [23]. This makes the framework faster and more precise compared to other frameworks such as Faster R-CNN [24] or Yolo [25].  
As the taillights used for modulation are usually in the same region of a car's rear, the ROI for the taillights can be detected with a static calculation using the following formulae from [PERSON] et al. [1], where the positions of the car \(C\) and the taillights \(TL\) and \(TR\) are defined by \(l\), \(r\), \(t\) and \(b\) representing the left, right, top, and bottom border of the bounding box, respectively.  
\[l_{TL} =l_{C}+\frac{r_{C}-l_{C}}{16} \tag{1}\] \[r_{TL} =l_{C}+\frac{5\times(r_{C}-l_{C})}{16}\] (2) \[l_{TR} =r_{C}-\frac{5\times(r_{C}-l_{C})}{16}\] (3) \[r_{TR} =r_{C}-\frac{r_{C}-l_{C}}{16}\] (4) \[t_{TL} =t_{TR} =t_{C}+\frac{b_{C}-t_{C}}{4}\] (5) \[b_{TL} =b_{TR} =t_{C}+\frac{7\times(b_{C}-t_{C})}{12} \tag{6}\]  
Two examples for real-life scenarios with this detection process are shown in Figure 11. The blue rectangle marks the bounding box of the car, the ROIs for the left and right taillight are highlighted green and red, respectively. Of course, this static ROI calculation relies on an accurate detection of the car's rear and is only applicable if the car is captured by the camera straight from behind. As this is usually the case for the application in platooning when cars are driving in succession on the highway, such a detection of the taillights is sufficient. However, for future research in this area, a more sophisticated approach will be applied, especially if cars with atypical taillight positions are involved in the communication.