# Energy Saving Potential of PCMs in Buildings under Future Climate Conditions
## 4 Results
### Effects of PCM on Heating and Cooling Loads
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Region** & **PCM** & **Present (kWh)** & **2020 (kWh)** & **2050 (kWh)** & **2080 (kWh)** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Seoul, Korea} & Without PCM & 8384 & 6797 & 5757 & 4743 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 7844 (6.44\%) & 6286 (7.52\%) & 5304 (7.87\%) & 4341 (8.47\%) \\  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 7624 (9.06\%) & 6042 (11.11\%) & 5062 (12.07\%) & 4105 (13.45\%) \\  & RUBITHERMPCM & 7719 (7.93\%) & 6142 (9.64\%) & 5160 (10.37\%) & 4221 (11.01\%) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Tokyo, Japan} & Without PCM & 6753 & 2951 & 2309 & 1724 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 6068 (10.14\%) & 2505 (15.11\%) & 1951 (15.51\%) & 1445 (16.18\%) \\ \cline{2-6}  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 5825 (13.75\%) & 2329 (21.08\%) & 1811 (21.57\%) & 1342 (22.16\%) \\ \cline{2-6}  & RUBITHERMPCM & 5939 (12.06\%) & 2405 (18.50\%) & 1867 (19.14\%) & 1381 (19.90\%) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Hong Kong, China} & Without PCM & 722 & 11,112 & 9,029 & 7,096 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 617 (14.54\%) & 9198 (17.22\%) & 7351 (18.59\%) & 5946 (16.21\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 581 (19.53\%) & 866 (22.01\%) & 7152 (20.79\%) & 5906 (16.77\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & RUBITHERMPCM & 583 (19.25\%) & 8546 (23.09\%) & 6874 (23.87\%) & 5492 (22.60\%) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Percent energy saving with PCM.  
\end{table} 
Table 7: Annual HVAC system energy loads (operation) during the heating period. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Region** & **PCM** & **Present (kWh)** & **2020 (kWh)** & **2050 (kWh)** & **2080 (kWh)** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Seoul, Korea} & Without PCM & 101,736 & 89,506 & 78,571 & 68,846 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 93,315 (8.28\%) & 80,903 (9.61\%) & 70,377 (10.43\%) & 61,116 (11.23\%) \\ \cline{2-6}  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 95,143 (6.48\%) & 82,154 (8.21\%) & 71,654 (8.80\%) & 62,450 (9.29\%) \\ \cline{2-6}  & RUBITHERMPCM & 94,770 (6.85\%) & 81,809 (8.60\%) & 71,221 (9.35\%) & 61,993 (9.95\%) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Tokyo, Japan} & Without PCM & 84,209 & 49,921 & 45,693 & 42,742 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 74,126(11.97\%) & 41,594 (16.68\%) & 37,942 (16.96\%) & 35,617 (16.67\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 75,823 (9.96\%) & 43,833 (12.19\%) & 40,524 (11.31\%) & 38,375 (10.22\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & RUBITHERMPCM & 75,505 (10.34\%) & 42,706 (14.45\%) & 39,088 (14.46\%) & 36,698 (14.14\%) \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Hong Kong, China} & Without PCM & 33,833 & 33,200 & 32,822 & 32,918 \\ \cline{2-6}  & BioPCM & 28,798 (14.88\%) & 28,265 (14.87\%) & 18,087 (44.49\%) & 28,446 (13.59\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & DuPonEneragain PCM & 31,285 (7.53\%) & 30,578 (7.90\%) & 30,332 (7.58\%) & 30,584 (7.09\%) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-6}  & RUBITHERMPCM & 29,809 (11.89\%) & 28,943 (12.82\%) & 28,574 (12.94\%) & 28,745 (12.68\%) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Percent energy saving with PCM.  
\end{table} 
Table 5: Annual HVAC system energy loads to produce hot air in the heating period. HVAC: heating ventilation and air conditioning.