## 3 Results  
### Enhancing Virtual Reality Immersive Learning: Implementing Revised Bloom's Taxonomy in VR Training  
The Revised Bloom's Taxonomy framework supports an immersive learning strategy by mapping taxonomy steps, fostering skills, and developing student confidence (Figure 4) [52, 53]. An active learning approach enhances student involvement, enabling improved cognitive processes. VR provides instant feedback and allows for user adaptation in a safe environment. Furthermore, VR facilitates repetition at a low cost with minimal resources, helping students master protocols at each cognitive level and achieve accuracy safely. Moreover, when implemented through VR, this revised taxonomy improves technical proficiency and procedural knowledge and reduces radiophobia by familiarizing students with high-risk situations in a controlled and safe setting. As a result, VR equips students to react more calmly and knowledgeably in real-life hot lab situations. Hot Lab: Assessment of Radiation Dose in Nuclear Medicine Controlled Areas during Preparation and Handling of \({}^{99 mTc}\)Tc-MDP Radiopharmaceutical  
The survey of the controlled areas is shown in Figure 5 to evaluate the potential risk to medical staff and trainees. The highest dose rate of 600 \(\upmu\)Sv/h was recorded immediately above the generator. To meet the occupational hourly dose rate of 25 \(\upmu\)Sv/h, radiochemists and RT students should not expose themselves to more than 0.03 h (2.4 min) in the location above the \({}^{99}\)Mo/\({}^{99 mTc}\)Te generator. The dose calibrator working area behind the lead shielding radiation dose is 3.00 \(\upmu\)Sv/h, with a maximum working time in this location of 8.32 h to comply with the occupational hourly dose rate of 25 \(\upmu\)Sv/h. The results of the radiation dose survey of the nuclear medicine-controlled areas are shown in Supplementary Table S1. Figure 4: Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy framework supporting virtual reality immersive learning strategy as a pedagogical tool in a radiological hot laboratory. Personnel Radiation Exposure during Preparation and Handling of \({}^{99m}\)Tc-MDP Radiopharmacati  
The nuclear medicine staff personnel dose measurements recorded in the hot lab over 3 days are shown in Figure 6. As expected, the Hp(0.07) dosage equivalent to the hands is significantly different from Hp(3) and Hp(10). The dose equivalents are based on a personal exposure of 30 min. Potentially, RT students' training in the preparation and quality control of \({}^{99m}\)Tc-MDP can receive a Hp(0.07) personal dose of 13.14 \(\upmu\)Sv/h in 30 min of training, increasing to 26.27 \(\upmu\)Sv/h after 1 h of training. The current personal dose limits whole body Hp(10) \(\leq\) 500 mSv/y, Hp(0.07) skin dose, hands, and feet \(\leq\) 500 mSv/y and the eyes Hp(3) 20 mSv/y (average in 5 years). VR training for the preparation and quality control of \({}^{99m}\)Tc-MDP mitigates students' receiving a personal dose. Figure 5: The hot lab floor plan illustrates the layout and arrangement of equipment and workstations for the preparation and handling of \({}^{99m}\)Tc-MDP radiopharmaceutical, with designated controlled areas for assessing radiation dose in nuclear medicine procedures. The locations of workstations in hot lab, including (1) hot lab entrance 1, (2) storage 1, (3) sink, (4) \({}^{99}\)Mo/\({}^{99m}\)Tc generator, (5) \({}^{99}\)Mo/\({}^{99m}\)Tc generator work area behind shielding, (6) dose calibrator 1, (7) dose calibrator work area behind shielding, (8) storage 2, (9) waste storage room entrance, (10) waste storage freezer, (11) dry waste storage, (12) waste storage room, (13) area at the side of \({}^{99}\)Mo/\({}^{99m}\)Tc generator, (14) laminar flow cabinet, (15) laminar flow cabinet waste disposal area, (16) laminar flow cabinet dose calibrator, (17) center of hot lab, and (18) hot lab entrance 2. The arrow indicates the direction for surveying the controlled areas during the preparation and handling of the \({}^{99m}\)Tc-MDP radiopharmaceutical.