# Evaluation of Anti-Skid Performance of Asphalt Mixture Based on Accelerated Loading Test
## 1 Introduction  
Asphalt pavement, a composite material commonly used in road and bridge engineering, has been subjected to increasing traffic pressure and external environmental factors. This has resulted in a decline in the quality of aggregates used in road construction, impacting the macrotexture and microtexture of road surfaces and leading to the rapid deterioration of the anti-skid materials on the surface. The resultant weakening of the frictional force between tires and road surfaces can significantly reduce the performance of the road, posing a severe threat to the safety of people's lives and property. In this regard, the interrelationship between the friction of asphalt pavement and road safety is of paramount importance. Macrotexture, a pivotal contributor to frictional levels, plays a crucial role in ensuring road safety [1]. An accurate assessment of macrotexture at the inception of a pavement's life is critical. However, the skid resistance of newly constructed roads is highly variable due to the bitumen's masking effect on the aggregates. Therefore, it is crucial to build anti-skid surfaces using scientific and reasonable methods, study the anti-skid decay characteristics of pavement, and evaluate the anti-skid performance of asphalt pavement [2, 3]. Although several scholars have developed indoor asphalt mix-neutral area acceleration equipment [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], there is currently no fully mature method for evaluating the anti-skid durability of asphalt mixtures. The anti-skid performance of asphalt pavement is an essential factor in ensuring driving safety and comfort, and a key performance indicator for highway maintenance and construction. As such, it has garnered significant domestic and international attention from scholars. In one study, [PERSON] [16] utilized a self-developed accelerated loading kneadingmachine and pressure-sensitive technology to evaluate the skid-resistance decay characteristics of asphalt mixtures through a static pressure-sensitive film test on the asphalt pavement rutting plate. [PERSON] [17] developed a model expressing skid resistance as a function of mixture gradation, aggregate texture, and traffic level based on comprehensive measurements and analysis of asphalt mixture surface characteristics in laboratory and field settings. [PERSON] [18] investigated the stress distribution of static contact between tire and asphalt pavement under different roughness and kneading times for large-skid pavement using a pressure-sensitive film and an accelerated load kneading machine. [PERSON] [19] analyzed the influence of mixture design parameters on the skid resistance of SMA pavement to obtain excellent skid resistance. [PERSON] [20] developed a prediction model for skid and polishing resistance based on the Wehner/Schulze device to predict the skid resistance level of a road surface after years of traffic. [PERSON] [21] explored the skid resistance of asphalt concrete mixtures made of local low-performance aggregates by partially replacing sand with olive mill waste (OMW). [PERSON] [22] discussed an innovative method to characterize the texture and friction of asphalt concrete mixes and their evolution over time. [PERSON] [23] investigated the anti-skid performance of an asphalt mixture composed of calcined bauxite and limestone aggregate, analyzing the pavement surface's friction variations based on the aggregates' differential polishing principle, and discussing the regularities of the distribution of the mean profile depth (MPD) of the asphalt pavement surface. The small accelerated loading test is widely accepted as an effective method to evaluate the performance of asphalt pavements, given its capability to simulate actual traffic conditions indoors or on engineering sites and perform accelerated loading tests on full-scale pavements within a relatively short time using a controllable axle load.