# Wearable Inertial Devices in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Scoping Review
## 3 Results
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\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Study** & **Results** & **Limitations** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [36] & Significant relationship between muscle weakness and sedentary behavior in MD patients & No different level of physical activities \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [37] & Inertial sensors were confirmed as suitable and reliable instruments for the monitoring of motion activity both in ambulatory and non-ambulatory DMD patients & Previous studies suffered from the lack of natural history data available at the time the trails were scheduled, no ideal outcome that can be used for all the studies \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [38] & Strong and significant correlation between the cumulative jerk of the acceleration norm and the clinical score & Small sample size, only 8 h of monitoring, small sample rate (15 Hz) of data acquisition \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [39] & Strong and significant correlation between objective outcomes and the clinical score & Small sample size, not all data available for all patients, no specific inclusion criteria for the selection of patients \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [40] & Stride Velocity 95 th Centile continuously monitored in home environment was recognized as a new endpoint in DMD patients by European regulators & - \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [41] & Non-ambulatory participants had significantly lower sleep efficiencies, less wake time after sleep onset, and less daytime activity than those in the ambulatory group. There were no significant correlations between rest-activity data and SDSC and PedsQL questionnaires \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [42] & The proposed RCC is a sensitive index to distinguish children with DMD and controls at the same age in terms of motor coordination & The complex methodology for the formulation of the coordination index \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [43] & DMD patients spent most of their time in sedentary and low-intensity activities. Age and locomotion ability affected the monitoring of acceleration results & Small sample size and unequal distribution of participants among ambulatory, non-ambulatory, and control. No inclusion of anthropometric and clinical data \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [44] & Moderate-strong correlation between QMT and acceleration measures & No analysis of correlation between the accelerometric measures and locomotion clinical tests (6 MWT) \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [45] & 2 to 5 days of activity monitoring predicted weekly step activity & Waist-worn device, large natural history of participants \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [46] & Utility of remote and continuous monitoring of physical activity in different pediatric diseases & Small sample size \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [47] & Significant positive correlations of the stride length with age and height of participants, significant increase of the median stride length. 95 th centle stride velocity & No upper limb movement analysis \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [48] & Reliability, sensitivity, and efficacy of objective endpoints for DMD patients evaluated with wearable inertial devices & - \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [49] & Potential use of digital biomarkers for several neuromuscular disorders & - \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [50] & No significant differences after 12 months from baseline in physical activity monitored with the accelerometer & Sample size, short time monitoring \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [51] & Imaging of the upper extremity musculature (triceps and biceps) demonstrated the most robust correlations with accelerometry & No distinction between ambulatory and non-ambulatory patients, limitations in the CMR protocol \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [52] & Significant decrease of stride length 95 th percentile, median stride velocity, and SV95C after 6 months. All variables have moderate-strong correlations with clinical scores & - \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [53] & Possibility to differentiate sleep and activity phases through measuring the accelerometer data; no significant differences among different groups of muscular disease & Small sample size for each pathological groups, patients from the same clinical center \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [54] & Significant correlation between accelerometry, magnetic resonance, and functional measures. Significant decrease of step activity in older patients & No covariation with external factors, different genetic mutations among DMD patients, no examination of intensity of physical activity \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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