## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Physicochemical Properties of CAP  
In the experiment, a mobile small-sized plasma generator developed at the GPI RAS was used as a source of cold plasma to influence fresh sections of plant shoots. The device is capable of generating various types of low-temperature direct discharge plasma or dielectric barrier discharge plasma using replaceable modules (Figure 5). The winter grafting technology used a module for generating cold plasma generated by a DBD. This module is most convenient for inoculation \"in the field\", since gases are not used to obtain plasma (you do not need to carry a cylinder of gas with you). The device works with both a network of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz and with a battery of 12 V, direct current. The power consumption of the device is not more than 40 watts. The dielectric of the working module is a silicone tip. As is known, when the gas phase of CAP interacts with the intercellular fluid in living plant cells, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are formed. Ozone (O\({}_{3}\)) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrogen peroxide (H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\)) are stable products. It is possible to control the degree of formation of these compounds by changing the electrical potential at the output device, as well as by changing the time of cold plasma exposure to the cut site. Fresh cuts of the scions and rootstocks were immediately processed by the working surface of the replaceable module (DBD CAP) by performing sliding circular movements over the entire cut surface for the selected time intervals of 15, 30 or 45 s (Figure 6). To prevent possible excessive heating and overdrying of the cut surface, the module tip was moved in a circular motion and moved in a spiral from the edges of the cut to the middle, preventing heating of the working surface. The maximum temperature after treatment did not exceed 15\({}^{\circ}\)C. To obtain initial data on the amount and intensity of formation of H\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{2}\) and NO\({}_{2}\)\({}^{-}\) ions on the surface of cuts of plant shoots during exposure to cold plasma, we used liquid media as a model object: water purified by the Evoqua Ultra Clear unit and an aqueous solution of glucose 1%. Figure 4: The process of measuring the electrical resistivity of the grafting zone in a sweet cherry seedling 6 months after treatment: (**a**) photograph; (**b**) scheme. The seedling is immersed in the solution and the measuring electrodes are made of silver. 1—electrode immersed in the solution; 2—electrode inserted into the cambial layer of the bark of the seedling; 3—teraohmmeter; 4—oscilloscope for recording teraohmmeter readings; 5—PC connected to the oscilloscope. The electrodes are inserted alternately below the grafting area and above. According to the difference in resistance, the resistance of the grafting zone is determined. The hydrogen index (pH) during the treatment with Evoqua Ultra Clear water, depending on the treatment time, changes from 6.4 to 4.6 units, and when exposed to a glucose solution, it changes from 5.8 to 4.2 (Figure 7). Figure 7,c show that the amounts of H2O2 and NO2- differ significantly when using pure water and glucose solution. Interestingly, no linear increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was observed during treatment, both in water and in aqueous glucose solution. Hydrogen peroxide, as a stable molecule, is often the terminal stage of ROS conversion, which means that a radical chain reaction \"break\" is observed in solutions. Nitrite anions, on the contrary, are produced in water from the time of exposure to plasma, linearly. When glucose is added, the nitrate anions are generated much more slowly. Probably, in this case, the products of the precursors of the nitrite anions interact with glucose molecules. Figure 5: General view of a mobile device for creating cold plasma (CAP): 1—a replaceable module on the surface of which CAP is created; 2—hardware control block for DBD CAP creation modes. Figure 6: Processing (DBD CAP) a cut of a sweet cherry rootstock.