## 4 Performance when Using CCIS in FSO Applications
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Comparison Criterion** & **Code Family Has Their CC \textgreater{1}** & **Code Families Have Their CC \textgreater{1}** & **Code Families Have Their CC \textless{1}** & **Code Family Has Chefic CC \textless{1}** & **Code Family Has Their CC \textless{1}** & **Code** **CC \textless{1}** & **Their CC = 0** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Codes} & \multirow{3}{*}{Hadamard} & MS & FRS & MQC \\  & & & DEU & MFH & ZVC \\  & & RD & EMD & DPS & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Users} & \multirow{2}{*}{32} & \multirow{2}{*}{32} & \multirow{2}{*}{32} & \multirow{2}{*}{32} & \multirow{2}{*}{32} \\  & & & & & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Detection} & \multirow{2}{*}{Balanced} & Direct with intensity noise (IN) & & & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Data rate} & \multirow{2}{*}{622 Mbps} & \multirow{2}{*}{1 Gbps} & \multirow{2}{*}{1 Gbps} & \multirow{2}{*}{622 Mbps} & \multirow{2}{*}{1 Gbps} \\  & & & & & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Cardinality} & \multirow{2}{*}{Limited} & High & High & Limited & Medium \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Flexibility} & \multirow{2}{*}{Low} & High & High & Low & High \\ \multirow{2}{*}{CCIS Support} & \multirow{2}{*}{No} & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Design Complexity} & \multirow{2}{*}{High} & Medium & Low & High & Low \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Feasibility of applying CCIS in SAC different families. Figure 4: Proposed FSO based on CCIS-OCDMA architecture. Figure 5: BER vs. FSO range for the proposed system using laser and LED sources and CCIS clear weather conditions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **Value** \\ \hline Data rate & 10 Gbps \\ \hline Transmitter aperture diameter (\(d_{Tx}\)) & 10 cm \\ \hline Receiver aperture diameter (\(d_{Rx}\)) & 20 cm \\ \hline Beam divergence angle (\(\theta\)) & 0.25 mrad \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Attenuation for weather conditions (\(\beta\))} & Clear weather: 0.14 dB/km \\  & Light haze: 1.537 dB/km \\ \cline{1-1}  & Medium haze: 4.285 dB/km \\ \cline{1-1}  & Heavy haze: 10.115 dB/km \\ \cline{1-1}  & Light fog: 9 dB/km \\ \cline{1-1}  & Medium fog: 16 dB/km \\ \cline{1-1}  & Heavy fog: 22 dB/km \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Simulation parameters [25; 26]. Figure 8 depicts the Q-factor versus the range under different haze levels for the proposed model. As the level of haze become lighter, the propagation range and the Q-factor increase. At a Q-factor of \(\sim\)4.5, the FSO ranges under low haze, moderate haze, and heavy haze are, respectively, 3.7 km, 2.5 km, and 1.5 km. Figure 9 shows the eye diagrams that obtained from the simulation of our proposed model at an FSO range of 3.7 km under low haze, 2.5 km under moderate haze, and 1.5 km under heavy haze. The wider eye opening shows the good reception for the information signal at the receiver. Table 3 summarizes the log(BER) and Q-factor values for our suggested model under low haze at 3.7 km, medium haze at 2.5 km, and heavy haze at 1.5 km. Fog, which is an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs due to suspended smoke particles in the atmosphere, causes a degradation in the information signal during propagation in the FSO channel. Dense fog causes a larger attenuation coefficient than medium fog and low fog. The attenuation coefficients are 9 dB/km for light fog, 16 dB/km for moderate fog, and 22 dB/km for heavy fog. Thus, the performance of our proposed model under  
Figure 6: Eye diagram at 9 km under clear weather. different levels of fog conditions are investigated. Figures 10 and 11 show log (BER) and Q-factor, respectively, versus different propagation ranges. As the FSO range increases and the level of fog becomes heavier, the BER increases and the Q-factor decreases. The longer range of 1.6 km is achieved under light fog which is decreased to 1 km under medium fog and further decreased to 0.8 km under heavy fog. Figure 8: Q-factor vs. FSO range for the proposed system using CCIS under different haze conditions.