# Optimizing the Quality of Service of Mobile Broadband Networks for a Dense Urban Environment
## 2 Theoretical Background
### Long-Term Evolution (LTE)
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Reference** & **Scope and Focus** & **Contributions** & **Limitations** \\ \hline
[8] & Addressing the dramatic complexity of plain maximum likelihood (ML) formulation in direct position estimation (DPE). & The proposition of a reduced-complexity algorithm based on the pseudo-ML approach. & A theoretical approach backed by simulations forms the core of the study. \\ \hline
[9] & A detailed review of existing cost-efficient and small-scale testbeds for the investigation of network slicing functionalities in 5G. & Provision of a detailed study comprised of software packages and criteria for small-scale state-of-the-art testbeds for deploying network slicing. & It is unspecified if the methods developed can be applied to areas where the 5G network has not been deployed. \\ \hline
[10] & Use of DPOS to reduce the asset portion and energy proficiency in 5G systems. & Provision of minimal solutions that address the energy and asset portion consumption in 5G networks. & A completely theoretical approach devoid of experimental data is adopted. \\ \hline
[12] & Prediction of the QoE for over-the-top (OTT) services in LTE technologies and their corresponding effects. & Establishes the need for the monitoring of the QoS and QoE of MBB networks for the improvement of user experience. & The measured data were not optimized, nor were suggestions made as to how MNOs can provide better service for user. \\ \hline
[13] & An extensive review of the elements of wireless communication. & Categorization and comparative analysis of varying types of wireless communication technologies. & There is a need for the analysis of specific performance metrics of the technologies discussed. \\ \hline
[17] & Extensive measurement and performance analysis of 4G LTE in two urban areas. & An update of measurements and analyses performed in previous work in the environment. & The analysis did not address the question of the distribution and optimization of the QoS in the environments considered. \\ \hline
[18] & Experimental measurement and analysis of 4G and 5G networks. & An empirical comparison between 4G LTE and 5G NR networks. & Extensive research and analysis without optimization or suggestion for better QoS in 4G LTE networks. \\ \hline
[21] & Design of conformal 4G and 5G MIMO antenna. & Proposal of a MIMO antenna design to be integrated electrically. & Design of MIMO antenna without actual testing and optimization of user experience. \\ \hline
[25] & Qualitative QoS strategies that measure the image quality and QoS for download and uploading of images. & Use of deep learning techniques to classify the quality of images. & The work was focused on algorithmic logic, leaving out the place of actual testing, implementation, and optimization. \\ \hline
[34] & Performance analysis of the KPIs for the GSM networks in Minna. & Measurement and analysis of network KPIs in Minna, Nigeria. & A costly suggestion of physical modifications of hardware without simulation. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._