## 5 Results and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Industry** \\ **Area** \\ **Notation** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(R_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)+\(R_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)–\(R_{i}\)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Modern** \\ **Technology** \\ **Notation** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(R_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(R_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)+\(R_{i}\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(D_{i}\)–\(R_{i}\)} \\ \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{K1} & \multirow{2}{*}{1.038} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.972} & \multirow{2}{*}{2.010} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.066} & L11 & 4.118 & 3.947 & 8.065 & 0.172 \\  & & & & L12 & 4.445 & 4.258 & 8.704 & 0.187 \\  & & & & L13 & 2.779 & 2.402 & 5.181 & 0.378 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{K2} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.947} & \multirow{2}{*}{1.007} & \multirow{2}{*}{1.954} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-\)0.060} & L21 & 3.098 & 2.673 & 5.770 & 0.425 \\  & & & & L22 & 3.624 & 4.162 & 7.786 & \(-\)0.539 \\  & & & & L23 & 3.640 & 4.158 & 7.799 & \(-\)0.518 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{K3} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.851} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.878} & \multirow{2}{*}{1.729} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-\)0.028} & L31 & 3.193 & 3.262 & 6.455 & \(-\)0.070 \\  & & & & L32 & 3.056 & 3.290 & 6.347 & \(-\)0.234 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & L33 & 3.348 & 3.701 & 7.048 & \(-\)0.353 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & L34 & 2.776 & 2.489 & 5.265 & 0.287 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Indicators \((D_{i}+R_{i})\) and \((D_{i}-R_{i})\). With regard to the centrality index \((D_{i}+R_{i})\), which reflects the degree of involvement of individual technologies in cause-and-effect relationships, it is possible to identify the most active and therefore the most important components in both paradigms. Among the Industry 4.0 areas, the highest value of the centrality index (2.010) was obtained by K1 (Automation and Connectivity), followed by K2 (Data-Driven Optimization) and K3 (Agility and Flexibility). In turn, among the Industry 5.0 areas, the highest value (1.905) was observed for K6 (Resilience), followed by K5 (Sustainability) and K4 (Human-Centricity). The highest value observed within Industry 4.0 exceeds its counterpart for the Industry 5.0 area, and therefore the Industry 4.0 area is more important. Among the technologies assigned to Industry 4.0, the most prominent are L12 (Cybersecurity), L11 (Internet of Things (IoT)), and L23 (IT Support Systems). These technologies should be regarded as key drivers in the context of designing a strategy for implementing digital transformation. The remaining technologies in this group, including L22, L33, and L31, demonstrate lower centrality levels and are likely to serve supportive or complementary roles. A corresponding analysis for the set of technologies assigned to Industry 5.0 reveals the dominant roles of L42 (Hyper-Personalized Production), L63 (New Materials), and L52 (Renewable Energy and Smart Grids). These technologies occupy central positions within the network of interdependencies and should be serve as key reference points when developing strategies consistent with the assumptions of Industry 5.0. Other technologies, such as L64, L61, or L45, despite lower centrality indices, may nonetheless play an important role in the context of supporting long-term transformation processes. The top-ranked technologies--L12 (Cybersecurity) and L11 (Internet of Things)--can be viewed as foundational enablers for both Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Their prioritization reflects both their relative maturity and the urgency of their deployment across sectors to support connectivity, data acquisition, and security in increasingly digitalized environments. In contrast, technologies such as L42 (Hyper-Personalized Production), while central to the Industry 5.0 vision, are perceived as more emergent and reliant on foundational layers such as IoT infrastructure, secure networks, and integrated data platforms.