## 1 Introduction  
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of digital transformation, enabling organizations to automate repetitive, high-volume tasks traditionally performed by humans. As adoption of this technology grows, the integration of best practices from Requirements Engineering (RE) and DevOps has become crucial for developing efficient, high-quality RPA systems. Requirements Engineering focuses on identifying, analyzing, and specifying stakeholder needs, ensuring that systems meet both functional and non-functional requirements. DevOps, on the other hand, bridges the gap between development and operations, emphasizing automation, continuous collaboration, and agile software delivery to streamline the construction, testing, and deployment of solutions [1]. RPA has rapidly evolved as a powerful tool for automating rule-based tasks, reducing operational costs, and improving efficiency [2]. However, despite its growing adoption, significant challenges persist in the development and implementation of RPA systems. A primary issue is the lack of a structured approach to Requirements Engineering, which often results in poorly defined automation goals, misaligned stakeholder expectations, and suboptimal system performance [3]. Additionally, the integration of DevOps practicesinto RPA projects remains underdeveloped, leading to fragmented development cycles, delayed deployments, and difficulties in maintaining and scaling automated processes [4]. Furthermore, the role of human-computer interaction (HCI) in RPA is frequently overlooked, resulting in systems that are not user-friendly, difficult to monitor, and prone to low user adoption rates [5]. These challenges are exacerbated by the increasing complexity of business processes, the need for regulatory compliance, and the demand for faster, more agile automation solutions [6]. Recent studies highlight that while RPA adoption is on the rise, many organizations struggle with high failure rates due to inadequate planning, insufficient testing, and poor alignment between technical capabilities and business needs [7]. For instance, research indicates that 30-50% of initial RPA projects fail to meet expectations, often due to a lack of clear requirements and an insufficient focus on user experience [8]. Moreover, the emergence of Low-Code/No-Code platforms and Open-Source RPA tools has introduced new opportunities for democratizing automation but also poses challenges in terms of governance, security, and integration with existing systems [9]. The absence of a framework that integrates RE, DevOps, and HCI practices exacerbates these issues, leaving organizations without a clear roadmap to optimize their RPA initiatives [10]. Recent research underscores the need for a unified approach that addresses both technical and operational aspects while prioritizing user-centric design to ensure the sustainability and scalability of RPA solutions [11]. This study seeks to address these gaps by proposing a comprehensive framework that integrates RE and DevOps practices into the RPA lifecycle, with a strong emphasis on enhancing HCI. By doing so, it aims to provide a structured, user-focused methodology that improves the efficiency, adaptability, and usability of RPA systems, ultimately contributing to higher success rates and greater business value [12]. The integration of RE and DevOps in RPA development can significantly optimize the project lifecycle, ensuring that requirements are properly identified and addressed throughout all phases of development and operation. For example, RE practices can be employed to gather clear and complete requirements before automation development begins, while DevOps can ensure continuous and agile updates and deployments without disrupting automated processes [13]. This combined approach not only improves the efficiency of the automation process but also creates a more robust system aligned with the real needs of users.