## 4 System-Level Simulation
### Simulation Results and Discussion  
The benefit of mPC deployment is evaluated by conducting computer simulations in the two overlapping LTE networks. The CCI issues are addressed by employing the proposed QoS_mPCD scheme. Moreover, eICIC is a suitable candidate in a complex coexisting environment in which interference with the users offloaded onto the mPC can be further reduced.  
The average user equipment (UE) throughput can be verified by using a transport block (TB). The average UE throughput can be calculated with the following equation:  
\[\text{UE}_{\text{overall}}\text{Average}\;\text{Throughput}=\;\frac{\text{TB}_{ \text{LTE-R}\;\text{UE}}+\;\text{TB}_{\text{PS-LTE}\;\text{UE}}+\;\text{TB}_{ \text{mPC}\;\text{UE}}}{\text{Accounted}_{\text{TTIs}}\cdot\text{TTI}_{ \text{Time}}}\text{Mbps} \tag{11}\]  
\(\text{TB}_{\text{LTE-R}\;\text{UE}}\) represents the TB for LTE-R users; \(\text{TB}_{\text{PS-LTE}\;\text{UE}}\) is for PS-LTE users, and \(\text{TB}_{\text{mPC}\;\text{UE}}\) denotes mPC users. \(\text{UE}_{\text{Overall}}\) average throughput always includes the performance of LTE-R users.  
Equation (9) represents the calculation of \(\text{UE}_{\text{PS-LTE}}\) average throughput for PS-LTE users, and \(\text{UE}_{\text{mPC}}\) average throughput for mPC users is calculated with Equation (10).  
\[\text{UE}_{\text{PS-LTE}}\text{Average}\;\text{Throughput}=\;\frac{\text{TB}_{ \text{PS-LTE}\;\text{UE}}}{\text{Accounted}_{\text{TTIs}}\cdot\text{TTI}_{ \text{Time}}}\text{Mbps} \tag{12}\]  
\[\text{UE}_{\text{mPC}}\text{Average}\;\text{Throughput}=\;\frac{\text{TB}_{ \text{mPC}\;\text{UE}}}{\text{Accounted}_{\text{TTIs}}\cdot\text{TTI}_{ \text{Time}}}\text{Mbps} \tag{13}\]  
**UE Average Throughput:** The analysis of throughput is done by considering the cumulative distribution function (CDF) at the 50 th percentile (%). Figure 4 shows that the value of UE average throughput for mPC users is higher than for PS-LTE users, because mPC users are located near the mPC and are provided with a higher throughput service. The average overall UE throughput, which includes LTE-R users, is about 2.08 Mbps at 50% of the CDF. In addition, at 50% of the CDF, the average UE throughput for mPC users is about 1.66 Mbps, and the average UE throughput for PS-LTE users is about 0.82 Mbps, showing a difference of approximately 1.26 Mbps between mPC users.  
**UE Rx Interference:** Figure 5 shows the UE Rx interference to compare the widely distributed PS-LTE user in PS-LTE coverage. The mPC user is located near the mPC, and we consider only the user's mPC interference from the different eNBs. Figure 5 shows that the UE Rx interference with mPC users is lower than interference with PS-LTE users because mPC users are located near the mPC and are only affected by interference from other eNBs. The overall UE Rx interference, which included LTE-R  
Figure 4: User equipment (UE) average throughput.  
users, is \(-71.67\) dBm at 50% of the CDF. In addition, at 50% of the CDF, the UE Rx interference for mPC users is approximately \(-79.26\) dBm, and the UE Rx interference for PS-LTE users is approximately \(-69.35\) dBm, which shows the difference between the mPC users as approximately \(9.91\) dBm.  
**UE Outage Probability:** Figure 6 shows that the UE-received SINR for mPC users is higher than PS-LTE users because mPC users are located near the mPC and are provided with more signal power. So, the UE-received SINR for the mPC user is higher than the UE-received SINR for the PS-LTE user for the entire CDF. The overall UE-received SINR is \(3.15\) dB at 50% of the CDF, including LTE-R users. In addition, at 50% of the CDF, the UE-received SINR for the mPC users is approximately \(4.39\) dB, and the UE-received SINR for PS-LTE users is approximately \(-3.71\) dB, showing a difference of approximately \(7.68\) dB between mPC users.  
Figure 5: UE Rx interference.  
Figure 6: UE outage probability.