## 3 Research Decomposition and Analysis
### Key Technical Issues and Solutions  
This study identified the key technical issues that must be addressed to achieve the intelligent operation and maintenance goals of energy stations under uncertain energy consumption conditions during daily operation and maintenance processes. These key scientific issues include multiple aspects such as system logic and simulation, operational data processing, and energy system control. To overcome these challenges, the value of operational information systems, data assets, and operational logic can be harnessed through the use of digital tools, including DT, AI, data mining, and IoT technologies [21; 22; 23].  
(1) The problem of complex logic construction and the difficulty of real time simulation  
DT is an important tool for logical construction and operational simulation. This study constructs a DT model for the WSHP energy station in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) space, and combines methods such as multi-source heterogeneous spatial data modeling and IoT perception data modeling to establish a digital twin model for the spatial physical entities and energy operation logic of the WSHP energy station. The model can reflect the time-varying state of energy flow during the operation of energy stations and is able to achieve multi-dimensional model unification for spatial information, operational information, and data information.  
(2) The problem of fragmentation and the redundancy of system operation data  
The processing of energy station operation data is crucial for achieving intelligent operation of energy stations. This study conducts in-depth mining of energy station operation and maintenance monitoring data utilizing precise and comprehensive data key feature extraction techniques to adapt to monitoring dimensions such as the resource status, container status, and operational status of different edge and end devices. Then, based on massive amounts of monitoring data such as operational data, status monitoring, behavior recognition, and log analysis, a terminal operation knowledge graph is constructed to establish a complete device attribute, status, and event library. The study of this key scientific issue can provide IoT support to energy situation information and fault warning information.  
(3) The problem of low energy efficiency caused by imbalanced energy supply and consumption  
Establishing an AI algorithm-based energy station operation situation awareness model is the key to solving the balance between energy supply and consumption. This study establishes an operational situational awareness model based on a logical correlation coupling model of multiple systems of energy stations, combined with the energy station group's control strategy. On the premise of meeting the energy needs of users, this model is constrained by energy conservation, carbon reduction, and economic reliability, and uses AI algorithms to analyze the operational situation of energy stations. By dynamically optimizing the system operation strategy, a balance between energy supply and consumption can be achieved, thereby improving the efficiency of system operation.  
Based on the research decomposition and analysis discussed above, we formed the key issues and technical path analysis diagram of intelligent operation of WSHP energy station shown in Figure 1[24; 25; 26].