## 3 Results and Discussion
### Profile of Phenolic Compounds
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Phenolic Compounds**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Parameters of Extraction**} \\ \cline{2-4}  & **40 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **50 \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **60 \({}^{\circ}\)C** \\ \cline{2-4}  & & **[ng/uL]** & \\ \hline myricetin & 6.70 \({}^{\circ}\) \(\pm\) 0.46 & 10.37 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.80 & 7.61 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.44 \\ quercetin & 1.89 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.17 & 2.89 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.14 & 1.35 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.28 \\ rutin & 0.36 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.63 & 2.49 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.17 & 2.33 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.14 \\ CAPE & 5.06 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.22 & 8.72 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.39 & 4.41 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.33 \\ apigenin & 3.25 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.28 & 6.10 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.14 & 3.97 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.19 \\ pinocombrin & 1.15 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.13 & 1.68 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.23 & 1.10 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.07 \\ pinostrobin & 8.15 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.18 & 13.84 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.29 & 7.13 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.15 \\ galangin & 5.82 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.33 & 7.79 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.31 & 5.07 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.14 \\ chrysin & 15.75 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 1.27 & 22.68 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.35 & 13.36 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.45 \\ vanillic acid & 1.96 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.18 & 6.94 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.16 & 4.19 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.36 \\ syringe acid & 3.17 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.22 & 7.81 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.39 & 6.20 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.24 \\ _trans_-3-hydroxycinnamic acid & 3.54 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.23 & 9.76 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.35 & 2.98 \({}^{\text{c}}\)\(\pm\) 0.16 \\ _trans_ cinnamic acid & 0.09 \({}^{\text{a}}\)\(\pm\) 0.15 & 1.70 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.11 & 1.79 \({}^{\text{b}}\)\(\pm\) 0.13 \\ \hline TOTAL & 80.77 & 102.79 & 61.49 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* nd—not detected, values with the same lowercase letters in the same row indicate no significant difference at level of 5% (\(p\) = 0.05).  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds identified in _Laminum album_ flower extract (ng/uL extract). an ingredient in pharmaceutical preparations, chrysin is widely utilized as a functional additive in teas, meals, and cosmetics. Myricetin is a common plant-derived flavonoid that has also identified in the present study of _Laminum album_ flower extract at high concentration. Myricetin is widely found in vegetables, fruits, nuts, berries, herbs, medicinal plants and beverages such as tea and wine [44]. This flavonoid has also been shown to have strong antioxidant capabilities as well as free radical scavenging properties. These activities appear to support a wide range of beneficial outcomes, including anti-platelet aggregation, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, analgesic, and anticancer effects [44; 45]. The rich composition of bioactive compounds of _Laminum album_ extracts along with high antioxidant activity indicates the great potential of this poorly--so far--known plant.