# Analysis of Hydrological Characteristics of Blue Nile Basin, Nishe Watershed
## 4 Conclusions  
Hydrological modeling is a good way to understand water resources management systems in order to plan and develop integrated representations of real-world hydrological features that can be used to simulate water balances. The semi-distributed hydrological SWAT model was successfully performed for exploring hydrological characteristics of the Nashe watershed. The Nashe catchment was divided into 23 sub-watersheds that were further classified into 393 HRUs based on the integration that consists of homogenous soil, slope, land use, and management characteristics. The hydrological features of the Nashe watershed were successfully determined utilizing the four SWAT-CUP uncertainty algorithms. To evaluate the efficiency and capabilities in assessing uncertainty parameters, the SUFI-2, Parasol, GLUE, and PSO were used. Calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis were performed using the four algorithms that have been used for monthly streamflow measurements for the periods of (1987-1999) and (2000-2008) respectively. The spatial and temporal accuracy of precipitation data are crucial for the reliable simulation of hydrological processes.  
The efficiency of the algorithms was compared using different objective functions. The comparison revealed that SUFI-2 performed slightly better than the other algorithms. The model was also used to quantify the water balance components of the watershed. The components of water balance such as surface runoff, precipitation, lateral flow, groundwater flow, and evapotranspiration were simulated based on the water balance equation.  
The watershed characteristics for the wet season, short rainy season and dry season was assessed by defining seasonal water balance. The analyses were undertaken for the whole Nashe watershed at the outlet. The study found that the SWAT model can give accurate estimates of the various water balance components and can be utilized for further investigation for assessment of LULC, streamflow, soil erosion analysis as well as their management scenarios.  
Conceptualization, M.K.L., T.A.D. and M.W.; methodology, M.K.L.; software, M.K.L.; validation, M.K.L., T.A.D. and M.W.; formal analysis, M.K.L.; investigation, M.K.L.; data curation, M.K.L.; writing original draft preparation, M.K.L.; writing review and editing, M.K.L., T.A.D. and M.W.; visualization, M.K.L.; supervision, T.A.D., and M.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
Figure 11: Pictorial representation of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) output.  
**Funding:** This research received no external funding and the APC was funded by University of Rostock.  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data used in this study can be available from the authors on reasonable request.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to acknowledge the University of Rostock for their willingness to finance the publication under the funding program Open Access Publication.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.