## 1 Introduction  
In the northern region of Shaanxi, many mines face the issue of close-distance coal seam group mining [1; 2; 3]. As a typical representative of shallow coal seam group mining, Daliuta Coal Mine [4] has numerous residual goat coal pillars after mining, with the coal pillars and the roadway layout of the lower mining face arranged in an oblique crossing. Due to the influence of the oblique crossing angle of the overlying goat residual coal pillars, the damage and deformation pattern of the section coal pillars during the mining of the underlying face are not well understood, posing uncertain safety risks to underground operations [5]. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the deformation of section coal pillars under the influence of residual oblique coal pillars in the overlying goat and to construct a prediction model for section coal pillar deformation using advanced technologies such as machine learning. This can help predict the deformation and damage state of section coal pillars during mining stages, enabling timely support measures and ensuring the real-time perception of coal pillar structure status and safe coal mine production [6]. Currently, monitoring the deformation of section coal pillars is an important part of underground face mining, and various monitoring methods have been extensively studied by scholars. [PERSON] [7] utilized the discrete element numerical simulation software FLAC3D 6.0-PFC 6.0 to establish a coupled model, meticulously studying the temporal and spatial processes of surrounding rock deformation and its deformation and failure characteristics, revealing the deformation and failure mechanisms of coal pillars and influencing factors. [PERSON] [8] used similar simulation tests to study the deformation and failure mechanisms of overlying surrounding rocks and coal pillars in steeply inclined goats. [PERSON]. [9] employed the SOS microseism monitoring system to collect microseism events and data during the multi-seam mining process, revealing the spatiotemporal distribution and evolution patterns of microseism events, analyzing the differences and correlations of microseisms under high-position thick hard rock layers during multi-seam mining, and exploring the impact mechanism and differences of thick hard rock layers at high positions. [PERSON] [10] observed the fracture forms and damage degrees of coal pillars through borehole peeping, finding that the crack formation rate in the charge section during deep hole blasting exceeds 85%, and, during shallow hole blasting, it exceeds 90%. [PERSON] [11] analyzed the relationship between the Brillouin gain spectral characteristics and the inhomogeneity of strain distribution at different sampling points and proposed a new method to determine the fiber response length to improve the accuracy of embedded fiber displacement monitoring. [PERSON] [12] monitored the deformation of the coal pillar and the displacement of the roof plate by means of 3D laser technology, and all the scans corresponded well with the results of elongation measurements and other measuring instruments. These studies, although making progress in monitoring the internal fracture forms of coal pillars, stress distribution in return airways, microseism monitoring of coal pillar areas, numerical simulation, and similar simulation tests, still face limitations in long-term monitoring and under the influence of complex underground conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce monitoring methods that adapt to the complex underground mining conditions of coal mines and monitor the internal stress-strain characteristics of coal pillars. To address these issues, current fiber-optic sensing technology has achieved long-distance real-time monitoring, overcoming the complex and variable on-site underground environment and discontinuous monitoring problems [13; 14; 15]. However, this technology has not yet been applied to monitor the internal deformation of section coal pillars.