## 3 The SemDaServ Approach
### Process
#### 3.2.1 Clarify Domain Knowledge Needs  
The goal of the process step Clarify domain knowledge needs is the documented identification of the knowledge required for the data specification as well as the associated knowledge carriers from the domain of the SSS. This involves all roles of the Core Team as well as the Digital Innovator. To perform this process step, the following inputs must be available: The business model description (e.g., in the form of the Smart Service Canvas [36] or the framework for data-driven business models described in [PERSON] et al. [37]), the product structure (derived from the product data management (PDM) system, see Section 3.4) and the service structure (e.g., created according to the MESSIAH [38] or PSS-layer method [39]). The results of this process should be an understanding of the smart service from within the application domain as well as the roles and the names of the knowledge carriers required for the data specification. The whole Clarify domain knowledge needs process step can be performed in a single kick-off meeting. Depending on the complexity of the smart service as well as the number of domain knowledge carriers in question, a short meeting (about one hour) is sufficient. If necessary, up to two full-day workshops are required, but this represents an extreme case. The sub-processes explained below are shown in Figure 5. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l} \hline \hline
**Data-Oriented Roles Described in ([34] p. 240)** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Core Team: Assigned SSSE Roles Described in [35]**} \\
**Role** & **Description** & **Role** & **Description** \\ \hline Process & Responsible for the overall process & \(\implies\) Project & Responsible for SSS development project \\ Owner & including process definition, & Sponsor & from initiation to completion including \\  & documentation, improvement, & & time and cost management. \\  & and timelines. & & \\ Data & Responsible for data specification, & \(\implies\) System & Responsible for development and \\ Definition & including data quality, granularity, and & Integrator & implementation of technical system \\ Owner & format as well as storage media, if & & elements including system architecture, \\  & applicable. Usually shares the role of & & technical conceptualization, and \\  & Data Consumer. Coordinates Data & & integration with existing systems. \\  & Consumers, should there be more & & \\ Data & Beneficiaries of the data. & \(\implies\) Service & Responsible for the technical operation of \\ Consumer & & & the SSS, including software management, \\ Data & Responsible for the timely acquisition & & service availability, and compliance with \\ Provider & and delivery of data as defined by the & & existing policies. \\  & Data Definition Owner. & & \\ Data & Owner of the data, who is therefore & & \\ Owner & responsible for its use, including data & & \\  & acquisition, and security as well as & & \\  & measurement ranges and methods. & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Mapping of data-oriented roles to the SSSE roles that make up the Core Team for realizing the SemDaServ approach. The goal of the Involve essential actors sub-process step is to onboard the Core Team to initially start the data specification process. Only the Core Team (cf. Table 1) is involved. This process step is completed when the Core Team has an understanding (tasks, areas of responsibility, own role in the data specification process) of how to execute the data specification process (as well as initiating contact among team members). For this purpose, the Project Sponsor explains the data specification process and general conditions (time, costs, quality). The Core Team discusses questions concerning the understanding of the process as well as the necessary process adjustments in light of given conditions, and they decide on the first process adjustments (e.g., the definition of the required level of detail of the results or the maximum number of domain experts to be involved).