## 4 Results and Discussion
### Mechanical Properties
#### 4.1.1 Static Tensile Strength
One may conclude that at a short elongation samples EP and EP/BP, especially in the temperature range 25-80 \({}^{\circ}\)C, are particularly prone to deformation in contrast to the fibre-enriched samples. In the case of [PERSON]'s moduli for the vinylester resin-based materials, one may notice that the highest values reached in the experiment were almost three times higher than those observed for the epoxy compositions; the highest value was obtained for the textile-modified (VE/BT) fittings and was 88 MPa at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 5: Relation between \(\sigma_{\text{max}}\) and corresponding tensile deformation at maximum stress point (L at \(\sigma_{\text{max}}\)) for composites EP and VE reinforced with basalt powder (BP), basalt fibre (BF) and basalt. textile (BT) based on the measurements at 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
The distribution trend of the moduli for these materials was very similar to that seen for the epoxy samples. What is worth noticing, though, is the fact that the materials reinforced with powder did not differ from the reference samples in terms of the ratio of the critical stress difference to the corresponding deformations (Figures 7 and 8). What the samples had in common was their similar behaviour pattern within the range of weak forces. Figure 6: Young’s E modulus versus temperature for sample EP (REF) and composites EP reinforced with basalt powder (BP), basalt fibre (BF) and basalt textile (BT) (Table A1). Figure 7: Force at fracture (axis Y1—black) and strain at fracture (axis Y2—red) in relation to sample EP (REF) and composites EP reinforced with basalt powder (BP), basalt fibre (BF) and basalt textile (BT) based on the measurements at a temperature of: (**A**) 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C, (**B**) \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C, (**C**) 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
In the case of the series marked in blue in Figure 9, the highest module of \(\sim\)36 GPa was measured for the VE/BF fitting. The experiment produced atypical results in the case of the other materials, for which the low modulus values may correspond to, among other things, errors of measurements associated with sample contraction or slip in the apparatus clamps. The addition of basalt powder (VE/BP) led to a slight increase in modulus E.  
Figure 8: Force at fracture (axis Y1—black) and strain at fracture (axis Y2—red) in relation to sample VE (REF) and composites VE reinforced with basalt powder (BP), basalt fibre (BF) and basalt textile (BT) based on the measurements at a temperature of: (**A**) 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C, (**B**) \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C, (**C**) 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 9: Young’s E modulus versus temperature for sample VE (REF) and composites VE reinforced with basalt powder (BP), basalt fibre (BF) and basalt textile (BT) (Table A2). In turn, for samples VE/BF it is possible to see a decrease in the elasticity modulus value only at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which again may be connected to weak fibre-to-resin adhesion. In general, all samples containing chopped fibres (BF) may yield barely reproducible results, highly dependent on the method and degree of their homogenisation in the resin. The results show that the composites produced by casting, regardless of the anchorage type, exhibit unstable properties at higher temperatures. Some samples, especially the epoxy ones, reach a highly elastic state at 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C. However, in contrast to what was expected, this is not an effect of incomplete material cross-linking, but an intrinsic property of resins (including epoxy resins), which undergo quite rapid plasticisation at an elevated temperature (up to 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C).