## 4 Conclusions  
SEWS is a novel product composed mainly of carbohydrates and lipids. It also contains biologically active compounds, phenols, and flavonoids, in relatively high amounts, which attribute to the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of the SEWS. Initially obtained as a waste of the protein isolate preparation from the sunflower meal, the functional properties of the SEWS turn it into a useful material with versatile application in the food or nutraceutical industries. The antioxidant activity of SEWS in water evaluated by the DPPH method was not different from that of the sample in ethanol up to 0.04%. This is important for the potential application of the SEWS in the food industry where water is the main solvent used. The SEWS demonstrated moderate inhibiting properties against Gram (+) _Curtobacterium flexumefaciens_ PM-YT and _Fusarium moniliforme_ ATCC 38932, which are economically significant plant pathogens. Further modification steps toward enhancement of the SEWS antimicrobial activity could allow the use of the product as an antimicrobial agent. Being a step from a scheme for a complete vaporization of the sunflower meal, the SEWS preparation and characteristic profile demonstrated the feasibility of adding value to byproducts generated by the food industry. It corresponds to the enhanced customers' demand for natural product use and the worldwide need for gentle care to the environment.  
Conceptualization, V.I.C.; Methodology, P.I., I.G.I., H.K. and I.N.D. and Y.T.; Software, P.I.; Formal Analysis, P.I., I.G.I., H.K., I.N.D. and Y.T.; Data Curation, V.I.C.; Writing--Original Draft Preparation, V.I.C.; Writing--Review & Editing, P.I., I.G.I, H.K. and I.N.D. and Y.T.; Supervision, V.I.C.; Project Administration, V.I.C.; Funding Acquisition, V.I.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Test Microorganism** & **Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, mg/mL** \\ \hline Gram (+) bacteria & N \\ \hline _Bacillus subtilis_ ATCC 6633 & N \\ _Bacillus cereus_ & N \\ _Bacillus amyloidefaciens_ 4 BCL-YT & 5.0 \\ _Staphylococcus aureus_ ATCC 25923 & N \\ _Listeria monocytogenes_ ATCC 8632 & N \\ _Enterococcus faecalis_ & N \\ _Microococcus luteus_ 2 YC-YT & 5.0 \\ _Curtobacterium flacacunflaciens_ PM-YT & 0.313 \\ \hline Gram (\(-\)) bacteria & \\ \hline _Salmonella enteritidis_ & N \\ _Escherichia coli_ ATCC 8739 & 2.5 \\ _Proteus vulgaris_ ATCC 6380 & N \\ _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_ ATCC 9027 & 2.5 \\ \hline Fungi & \\ \hline _Candidia albicans_ NBIMCC 74 & N \\ _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ & N \\ _A Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015 & 2.5 \\ _Apergillus flavus_ & 5.0 \\ _Fusarium moniliforme_ ATCC 38932 & 0.625 \\ \hline \end{tabular} N, no zone of inhibition was found.  
\end{table}
Table 5: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sunflower meal ethanol-wash solute against the test microorganisms.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund, project No. KIT-06-H37/21 \"An integrated approach for efficient utilization of by-products of vegetable oil-producing industry: Sunflower and rapeseed meals\".  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Data are available on request.  
**Acknowledgments:** The authors are grateful to the Department of Microbiology, The University of Food Technologies-Plovdiv, Bulgaria for providing test microorganisms, to Biser Oliva AD (Stara Zagora, Bulgaria) and Oliva AD (Polski Trambesb, Bulgaria) for providing sunflower and rapeseed meals, respectively.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.