Epidemic Location Intelligence System as Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak in Bosnia and Herzegovina  
[PERSON]  
1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina  
2 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International Burch University Sarajevo,  
71210 Ilidaz, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
2 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International Burch University Sarajevo,  
71210 Ilidaz, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
2 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International Burch University Sarajevo,  
71210 Ilidaz, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
2 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International Burch University Sarajevo,  
71210 Ilidaz, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
2 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International Burch University Sarajevo,  
71210 Ilidaz, Bosnia and Herzegovina; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
appropriate actions. However, GIS techniques, resources, and methods can be used for more effective investigation of epidemic, demographic, and environmental data. Early detection of disease outbreaks is crucial for the effective control of infectious diseases. Spatial data are currently being collected but are often underused in routine surveillance of infectious diseases, especially in developing countries. As the outbreak is often characterized by the degree of spatial diffusion of cases, spatial-temporal surveillance algorithms are being developed in many countries. These algorithms aim to facilitate the early detection of disease outbreaks that show spatial groupings, such as those associated with person-to-person disease transmission or a localized source of infection. An example is a COVID-19 exposure notification system or digital contact tracing system launched by Apple and Google for public health departments [4]. The use of GIS tools to control the pandemic is widespread, especially in terms of spatiotemporal analysis and web-based mapping [5, 6]. In the fight against COVID-19, GIS have played an important role in many aspects, including the rapid aggregation of multi-source data, the rapid visualization of epidemic information, the spatial tracking of confirmed cases, the prediction of regional transmission, the spatial segmentation of the epidemic risk and prevention level, the balancing and management of the supply and demand of material resources, and social-emotional guidance and panic elimination. It provided solid spatial information support for decision-making, measures formulation, and effectiveness assessment of COVID-19 prevention and control. GIS have a complete technological route for data preparation, platform construction, model construction, and map production. However, in the struggle against the widespread epidemic, the main challenge is finding strategies to adjust traditional technical methods and improve the speed and accuracy of information provided for social management. In line with recent research [7] we also recognized the following possibilities of GIS to prevent and control COVID-19:  
* capacity development and usage of GIS tools for controlling the pandemic;
* detect the onset of epidemics, identify and count cases;
* carry out convenient multi-scale dynamic mapping of the epidemics;
* spatial segmentation of the epidemic risk and prevention level;
* data tabulation and orientation of the data in terms of time, place, and person (descriptive epidemiology);
* implement and evaluate control and prevention measures, rapid estimation of the population flow and distribution;
* develop, test hypotheses and plan the balancing of supply and demand of medical resources;
* assessment of the feasibility of the supply of materials and transportation risk; and
* communicate the findings and monitor the spatial spread of social sentiment and detection.