# Intelligent Total Transportation Management System for Future Smart Cities
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Hierarchical Approach to Total Transportation Management  
While this article deals with smart urban transportation as a single significant, ecological-socio-technogenic system, in reality, there are many different types of vehicles/forms of transportation used. Their primary characteristics are distributed in extensive ranges (as significant geometry measures from 20-30 cm up to 50-100 m, mass from 0.5 kg up to hundreds of kg, performance as velocity from 1-2 km/h up to 800 km/h, or fuel consumption from zero up to 30-2000 L/100 km). There are several classification methods of the transportation systems being used. Figure 2a represents a cube of the transportation system. From a user point of view, transportation might be classified as the following horizontal parts of the total system:  
* leisure transportation--walking, running, using scooters, bicycling in parks, drafting, yachting, riding hot air balloons, parachuting, using a hang glider, using autogyros caravans, etc. * private transportation--walking; using scooters; bicycling for traveling; operating personal vehicles, cars, boats, small personal aircraft with well-defined traveling goals
* public transportation or mass transportation--metro, trans, busses, scheduled boats
* business travel--taxi cars, boats, air taxi, business air transport
* freight transportation--lorries, trucks, trailer trucks, container lorries
* product distribution--pick-ups, fast carriers, drones that distribute goods
* special transportation--monitoring by drones, emergency cars, fire cars, police, VIP vehicles  
Often, the same vehicles might be used for different purposes, in different segments of the transportation system. For example, the same bicycle might be used for leisure or sport as well as traveling to work or carrying bike couriers. This classification of the transportation segments also uses a hierarchical concept. However, transportation vehicles can be grouped depending on their \"participation\" in the transportation system (Figure 2a), namely on the level of their cooperation with the operation center (Figure 2b). Six classes can be identified:  
* non-detected--objects not appearing on the surveillance screen  
Figure 2: Hierarchical classification of the vehicles and primary information transmissions (**a**) cube of hierarchical structure, (**b**) system interconnections. IoT—Internet of Things. 2. appearing on the surveillance screens, but it is unknown whether they are passive or non-cooperating vehicles or participants like pedestrians--they have no connection with the operation centers, and they might show up on the monitor of surveillance as unknown objects or non-cooperative targets (generally, it might be humans, animals, vehicles not providing information to the operation centers)
3. semi-active or simple cooperating--objects/participants in city transportation from which at least some information is available at the operation center. For example, by video, the object is identified as a small or medium car or van
4. active or cooperating--vehicles or service providers (city mass transportation company, taxi companies) that report information on the objects/vehicles moving that are operating in the city.