# Human Factors and Ergonomics in Industry 5.0--A Systematic Literature Review
## 2 Materials and Methods  
To gain insight into the most relevant work published in the literature, the Web of Science (WoS) database was browsed, and the results were evaluated by principles of the PRISMA method [7]. Web of Science is known for its rigorous selection process. It focuses on including high-quality, peer-reviewed journals and excludes predatory journals more effectively than other scientific databases. WoS prioritizes indexing only the most impactful journals, ensuring that the literature cited comes from sources that have undergone strict editorial oversight. It includes long-standing indexes such as the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), which have been the gold standard for decades in evaluating scientific research. This ensures that the sources retrieved are foundational, often-cited works in their respective fields, providing a strong basis for a literature review. WoS databases are often better curated for STEM fields, including engineering, as well as for social sciences. The depth and specificity of indexing make it easier to find seminal works in these areas. Others, such as Scopus for example, while broader, may include journals and conference papers that are less relevant or peripheral to high-impact research. While the above advantages support using WoS, it is also important to note that other databases such as Scopus are broader and include journals not covered by WoS, which could offer additional perspectives. However, for a high-impact and scientifically rigorous literature review, Web of Science remains the more trusted source. Relying on Web of Science, we ensured that the literature review is based on high-quality, rigorously vetted, and impactful sources, enhancing the credibility and academic value of the scientific paper. The objective was to understand the characteristics of human-centricity within Industry 5.0 and explore the correlation between Industry 5.0, human-centricity, and human factors and ergonomics. This is why the database was searched using the following strings (Figure 1):  
\"Ergonomics 4.0\" (379 records);  
\"Operator 5.0\" (109 records);  
\"Human-centered AND Industry 5.0\" (107 records);  
\"Human-centered AND Industry 5.0 OR Manufacturing OR Production\" (128 records);  
\"Human-centred AND ergonomics\" (260 records). Each searched term was refined by the field of engineering (industrial, manufacturing, multidisciplinary). Papers available until October 2024 were included in this research. The inclusion criteria for this systematic literature review on human factors and ergonomics in Industry 5.0 were established based on predefined eligibility parameters related to study relevance and scope, which are predominantly related to the industrial engineering field. This would include the aspects of both the manufacturing industry but also human resources management. Figure 1: PRISMA flowchart. One reviewer browsed the database by the keywords and extracted the most relevant data (title, authors, abstract, keywords, year published) to an Excel sheet. Two reviewers then independently screened each record and full-text report retrieved from the databases to ensure unbiased selection. The screening process was performed in two stages: title and abstract screening, followed by full-text review. Any discrepancies between the reviewers were resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. MS Excel was also used to identify duplicates. If studies reported multiple measures within an outcome domain, all compatible results were considered. However, in cases where studies provided conflicting or redundant results, the decision to include specific results was based on the methodological quality, relevance, and clarity of reported data. This is how the efficiency and consistency was ensured in handling a large volume of records. The combined manual and semi-automated approach ensured a thorough and systematic selection of studies. Among the 983 records found, 119 were chosen for the detailed analysis (Figure 1).