# New Approach to Effective Dry Grinding of Materials by Controlling Grinding Media Actions
## 3 Results and Discussion  
The experimental results compared with the theoretical data are presented in Table 3.  
From analyzing the experimental results in Table 3, it can be concluded that the periodic two- and one-sided grinding media collisions in the horizontal and vertical directions (case 1) lead to higher product fineness (8.1 \(\upmu\)m) than the grinding process with one-sided grinding media collision in the horizontal and vertical directions (28.4 \(\upmu\)m) (Figure 8). Moreover, comparing the maximum processing time values, it can be concluded that the proposed organization of the grinding process (case 1) increases the grinding process speed by 29.4% compared with case 2 (12 min vs. 17 min, respectively). Figure 8: The results of the product fineness measurement. Note: The instrument displays decimal values with commas; these should be interpreted as decimal points. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Case** & **Description** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Experimental**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Theoretical Data**} & **Difference, \%** \\ \hline  & & **Maximal** & **Maximal** & **Maximal** & \\  & **Product Fineness** & **Processing Time** & **Product Fineness** & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{1} & Both of the unbalanced vibrators for the creation of the & \multirow{2}{*}{8.1 \(\upmu\)m} & \multirow{2}{*}{12} & \multirow{2}{*}{7.3 \(\upmu\)m} & \multirow{2}{*}{10.96\%} \\  & horizontal vibrational actions are activated; the vibrating & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & table drive is activated & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & One of the unbalanced vibrators for the creation of the & \multirow{2}{*}{28.4 \(\upmu\)m} & \multirow{2}{*}{17} & \multirow{2}{*}{27.7 \(\upmu\)m} & \multirow{2}{*}{2.53\%} \\ \cline{1-1}  & horizontal vibrational actions is activated, and the other & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & one is not activated; the vibrating table drive is activated & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Comparison of theoretical and experimental results. Figure 7: The PSH-10 device. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is substantiated by the applied loading scheme, in which material particles are subjected to two- and one-sided impacts in the horizontal and vertical directions. The two-sided impact increases the particle destruction energy in the horizontal direction. As the impacts are applied in mutually perpendicular directions, increased horizontal destruction energy increases the resultant destruction energy acting on the particles. Comparing the experimental and theoretical results, the experimental product fineness values are notably higher than the theoretical ones. The explanation is that many physical and mechanical processes occurring in a real grinding procedure cannot be considered in mathematical modeling. In Figure 9, the graphs present the particle size reduction dynamics. In Figure 9a, the graphical dependence of the product fineness on the processing time corresponding to case 1 is presented. The initial point is 100 \(\upmu\)m, corresponding to the beginning of the grinding process. Over time, a gradual decrease in particle size is observed. At a range between 0 and 6 min, the graph shows a rapid decrease in the product fineness value; at a range between 7 and 11 min, particle size reduction speed decreases. At the 12 min mark, a straight line is observed, indicating the cessation of the material particle grinding process. In Figure 9b, a similar trend is observed for the grinding process carried out in case 2. However, a rapid decrease in product fineness is observed between 0 and 7 min. Between 8 and 16 min, the grinding rate slows down, and then, from 17 min, the product fineness remains constant. Table 3 shows that the difference between the experimental and theoretical results accounted for 10.96% and 2.53% in cases 1 and 2, respectively. This can be explained by characterizing the grinding procedure as a complex process. Consequently, the difference between the theoretical and experimental results can reach up to 15% [28].