# Evaluating the Feasibility of Euler Angles for Bed-Based Patient Movement Monitoring
## 3 Results  
The graphs in Figure 4 display the Euler angles revolving around the x-axis, namely the roll (refer to illustration in Figure 1). They exhibit rotational movement angles linked to various bodily motions performed on a bed in comparison to rolling over--which is deemed the most common of them. While pitch and yaw also constitute rotational movements, they are not as apparent as roll; however, it can be expected that pitch will surpass yaw's level of prominence. On similar grounds, Figure 5 illustrates Euler angles relevant to identical bodily activities executed while pitching (i.e., rotating about y-axis). Both illustrations (Figures 4 and 5) retain an equivalent value range for comparative purposes. As a result of its minimal association with physical movements tested, yaw does not manifest itself. Figure 4: Euler angles around the vertical axis (i.e., roll, as demonstrated in Figure 1) as a means of representing different body movements while in bed, contrasting them with the standard motion of rolling over (blue dot-dashed line), i.e., (**a**) rollover vs. drop from the bed, (**b**) rollover vs. roll to the side, (**c**) rollover vs. seizure episode, and (**d**) rollover vs. head drop. Figure 3: Graphics explaining the comparative analyses performed. In other words, Figures 4 and 5 display graphs of Euler angles representing rotational movements performed by a patient lying on a bed. These rotational movements can be interpreted as different types of movements or actions performed by the patient. Figure 4 demonstrates Euler angles that are revolving around the x-axis, also referred to as the roll. Each chart in the figure reflects the roll value during different physical movements, such as rolling over, dropping, rolling to the side, having a seizure, and a head drop. The blue dot-dashed line in each of these plots represents the standard motion of rolling over, which appears to be a common reference motion against which other types of movements are compared. Figure 5, on the other hand, illustrates Euler angles which correspond to the y-axis, denoted as pitch. These figures show the pitch-related values during the same types of bodily activities. This is similar to Figure 4, but here, the rotation is based on a different axis, changing the impact and detectability of specific movements. Again, the blue dot-dashed line represents the standard motion of rolling over. Each of the types of movements is matched with the standard of rolling over to give a visual representation of how these movements differ from the norm. This identification helps in discerning one type of movement from another, potentially assisting in patient monitoring applications. Figure 6 provides a summary of the dissimilarity values resulting from comparing each body movement with other movements. When two identical shapes are compared, inevitably their dissimilarity value is zero. The analysis indicates that the rollover movement generates higher dissimilarity values when paired with different types of motion in comparison to others. The inquiry persists as to whether there will be a noteworthy reduction in the dissimilarity values when comparing a specific motion with analogous motions. Each of the aforementioned movements are juxtaposed against motions with corresponding characteristics, and the variances in resemblance (i.e., dissimilarity values) are delineated in Figure 7. Upon observing the values, it can be inferred that dissimilarity values have a relatively low magnitude when comparing similar data sets of shape and a larger magnitude when compared with different types of movement. Specifically, Figures 6 and 7 provide information regarding the dissimilarity values resulting from comparing different body movements. Figure 6 presents a matrix of dissimilarity values comparing five different types of movements: rolling over from the back to the stomach (A), dropping from bed (B), rolling to the side (C), experiencing a seizure (D), and head drops (E). The dissimilarity value is zero when two identical movements are compared.