# A Scoping Review on Virtual Reality-Based Industrial Training
## 4 Discussion  
### Research Questions  
The 44 articles previously selected containing the necessary information to understand how industrial training has progressed along with emerging technologies, as well as how these, due to their versatility, can be focused on different areas. Next, the response to the RQs that is presented in Section 2.1 is presented. **RQ1: What are the uses of VR in non-industrial training? **  
Even though VR has several applications, both inside and outside the industrial field [66, 67], in this literature analysis it was seen that this technological tool is destined, for the most part, to medical training. Today, the medical field stands out for the participation of multidisciplinary professionals and complex decision making. This evolution has forced both students and professionals to keep up-to-date and improve their academic training, since they will have to face new problems and provide adequate responses to the needs of patients. This is how, through VR and robotics, various scenarios have been generated that allow for acquiring new skills within the field of health while using specialized medical equipment, and recognizing the structure of each organ of the human body. With an immersive VR system, developers can recreate any environment or situation. The psychological treatment of traumas and phobias benefits from this technology without endangering the patient. In this way, a situation of stress that increases progressively and in a controlled way is virtually recreated to diagnose and treat the phobia or trauma (claustrophobia, arachnophobia, or glossophobia). With this technology, the patient adapts to the uncomfortable situations that he  
Figure 4: Years analysis. could face in real life. This system allows for recreating scenarios of specific phobias, such as the fear of flying. VR can also be adapted to the field of surgery. With the help of 3D animation and modeling software, it is possible to faithfully simulate the anatomy of the patients as well as to perform any type of medical treatment before carrying it out. By adopting this tool, the use of dead bodies for academic practices can be reduced, malpractice in real patients is avoided, since training can be repeated as many times as necessary. It will also help to accurately analyze the risk of operation and postoperative treatments. **RQ2: What types of technologies are used in industrial training other than VR? **  
Industry 4.0 has gained great importance within the industrial field, so tools such as artificial intelligence (AI) and AR have made it possible to significantly improve operator training processes. Unlike VR, which immerses its users in fully virtualized scenarios, AR provides information added to real space, i.e., it adds virtual elements to the environment. The application of AR reduces manufacturing times, increases profitability, and efficiency in the industry. It is important to mention that the use of immersive environments that familiarize its users with elements of the real world and favors more effective mental and physical learning. Furthermore, the potential exhibited by new AI techniques that are based on self-learning has shown that complex tasks that humans are not capable of performing can be fully achieved. The latest advances focus on developing machines that are capable of improvement through experience, recognize the limitations of their knowledge, interact with their environment, and make independent decisions. These techniques based on changing algorithms allow for predicting, with a low percentage of error, when a machine may break down or when it is necessary to update the knowledge of the human resource. **RQ3: What devices are used for VR industrial training? **  
Currently, the technology market offers a wide variety of VR devices. However, not all have the same characteristics or utility, i.e., there are great differences in functionality, portability, and price.