## 5 Conclusions and Future Work  
In conclusion, we must note the challenges of conducting geoelectrical surveys in the context of mud volcanoes but also highlight the considerable potential of these methods in unraveling the intricate details of this type of geological phenomenon. The resistivity values obtained in this survey are comparable to those in previous geoelectrical surveys discussed in the literature, and we obtain a significant depiction of the subsurface resistivity parameters that are indicative of the mud volcano's plumbing system. This work represents a pioneering effort in the geophysical exploration of mud volcanoes in Romania, focusing on the Paclele Mici mud volcano in Buzau County. The findings demonstrate the efficacy and challenges of using deep geoelectrical surveys in such environments. Despite the inherent difficulties associated with high soil conductivity and topographic variations, our research provides a significant advancement in understanding the subsurface characteristics of mud volcanoes. Strong currents are required for a deeper investigation, and the V-FullWaver is a good solution for this task. This is still a relatively new geophysical approach, and the methodological challenge of optimizing the method is still an ongoing challenge. We also highlight the practical implications of this. Covering a large area, in significant depth, at satisfying resolution, with a small team, and in a relatively short period of time, is significant. We estimate this to be substantially faster and offer more information than conventional ERT measurements or Vertical Electrical Sounding. Our work at the Paclele Mici mud volcano contributes to the broader understanding of these geological structures, revealing the potential complexity of their subsurface dynamics which can be vastly different from their surface manifestations. It underscores the importance of employing advanced geophysical techniques to study such features, especially in regions where traditional methods face significant limitations. Importantly, this research opens avenues for further exploration and study of mud volcanoes, not only in Romania but globally. The methodology and findings presented here can be adapted and applied to other mud volcanoes, enriching our understanding of these fascinating natural phenomena. Such studies are essential not only for academic curiosity but also for practical reasons, such as assessing geological hazards, understanding methane emissions, and exploring potential hydrocarbon reservoirs. This marks only the first stage of a longer, multiyear project that will deploy various geophysical and geodetic methods for a more holistic understanding of the mud volcano system at Paclele Mici (and other nearby sites). The immediate steps are the creation of a more precise DTM using LiDAR and the expansion of the surveyed area using the FullWaver. Afterward, further geophysical data (seismic, gravity) will be acquired, along with UAV data (thermal, magnetic), using all the available instrumentation at our lab. Ultimately, the plan is to integrate all these geophysical data and produce a geological interpretation of them. We note that the most significant limitation of this work is the lack of either a direct proofing of the findings (not feasible in this context) or an additional subsurface geophysical method, which will be addressed in the future. Conceptualization, A.M., A.G., D.T., E.N. and B.G. ; methodology, A.M., A.G., D.T., E.N. and B.G. ; software, A.M. and A.G.; investigation, A.M. and A.G.; resources, D.T. and E.N. ; writing--original draft preparation, A.M.; writing--review and editing, A.G.; visualization, A.G. and A.M.; supervision, D.T. ; project administration, D.T. ; funding acquisition, D.T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.