## 6 Results and Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Best Deterministic Solution**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Best Stochastic Solution** [13]} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Best Hybrid Solution**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Best Fuzzy Solution**} \\ \cline{2-13} \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Instance**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**OC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**RC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**OC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**RC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**SC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**CC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**RC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**SS**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**OC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**RC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**TC**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**SS**} \\ \cline{2-13}  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**High variability**} & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline C\(\alpha\)Obs-1 & 200.00 & 575.14 & 775.14 & 200.00 & 575.14 & 19.66 & 794.80 & 2\% & 200.00 & 575.14 & 19.82 & 274.96 & 0\% & 200.00 & 575.14 & 24.25 & 799.38 & 1\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-2 & 200.00 & 607.28 & 80.728 & 200.00 & 607.04 & 01.02 & 807.06 & 7\% & 200.00 & 611.41 & 0.02 & 811.43 & 7\% & 200.00 & 607.47 & 0.04 & 0.08 & 7\% & 5\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-3 & 215.00 & 587.09 & 695.42 & 185.07 & 580.92 & 27.86 & 726.41 & 2\% & 157.50 & 500.92 & 29.65 & 728.70 & 4\% & 150.50 & 59.025 & 34.34 & 201.76 & 3\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-1 & 255.00 & 632.22 & 848.22 & 225.00 & 632.22 & 19.99 & 868.21 & 10\% & 225.50 & 632.22 & 27.83 & 86.95 & 10\% & 205.20 & 632.22 & 24.86 & 873.05 & 10\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-1 & 250.00 & 632.52 & 812.82 & 187.00 & 653.23 & 101.82 & 19.99 & 868.21 & 10\% & 25.50 & 632.32 & 0.312 & 83.12 & 85.70 & 65.523 & 0.15 & 812.97 & 5\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-3 & 157.00 & 648.48 & 87.08 & 187.05 & 648.43 & 87.07 & 1\% & 187.00 & 648.58 & 290.31 & 11.11 & 5\% & 85.70 & 648.58 & 34.01 & 96.90 & 5\% & 5\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-4 & 265.20 & 571.84 & 894.36 & 125.07 & 72.20 & 28.05 & 50.25 & 20.56 & 725.54 & 75.83 & 90.17 & 1\% & 145.05 & 75.84 & 93.96 & 97.21 & 1\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-5 & 225.00 & 637.26 & 86.22 & 125.00 & 642.22 & 1.79 & 868.82 & 3\% & 225.00 & 642.02 & 1.48 & 886.50 & 3\% & 225.00 & 642.02 & 2.25 & 866.07 & 3\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-5 & 136.20 & 572.88 & 915.38 & 145.20 & 738.69 & 5\% & 578.39 & 51.97 & 2\% & 125.50 & 763.69 & 7.76 & 933.96 & 2\% & 145.05 & 752.88 & 18.65 & 940.44 & 1\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-6 & 162.50 & 852.04 & 1014.54 & 237.50 & 786.00 & 4.65 & 1028.14 & 3\% & 227.50 & 792.36 & 2.84 & 1022.04 & 4\% & 237.50 & 786.00 & 8.47 & 1013.76 & 3\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-5 & 225.00 & 609.57 & 915.57 & 225.00 & 609.57 & 9.35 & 949.14 & 2\% & 225.00 & 609.05 & 12.99 & 892.15 & 2\% & 225.00 & 609.57 & 12.46 & 903.53 & 2\% \\ C\(\alpha\)Obs-5 & 175.00 & 764.33 & 993.33 & 175.00 & 780.62 & 4.14 & 599.76 & 3\% & 175.70 & 780.62 & 4.50 & 90.52 & 3\% & 175.00 & 780.62 & 5.86 & 961.48 & 3\% \\ \hline
**Average** & 191.67 & 671.03 & 862.70 & 197.92 & 668.78 & 10.09 & 876.79 & 3.175 & 197.92 & 669.50 & 11.43 & 878.85 & 3.893 & 197.92 & 607.77 & 14.69 & 880.37 & 3.33\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cent._Results in Table 3 show a slight average increase in total costs when increasing the variability level for all types of solutions, except the best deterministic solution. This growth is caused mainly by the rise in failure costs, since a greater number of detours and round-trips is expected when the demand variability level is higher. Additionally, total costs also increase when the uncertainty level is higher regardless of the variability level, i.e., the deterministic solution is the cheapest one, and the fuzzy solution is the most costly. If we compare only the average deterministic cost of each set of solutions, formed by the sum of OC and RC, we obtain values with negligible differences. Hence, the contrasts in total costs are caused mainly by failure costs. For example, for the instance \(Cr30x5a\)-\(3\) in the low variability scenario, \(1.6\%\) of total costs are failure costs in the best stochastic solution.