# Correction of Field-Measured Wind Speed Affected by Deterministic Interference Factors
## 1 Introduction  
Meteorological wind speed information is the main data source for analyzing near-ground wind characteristics in the atmospheric boundary layer in the field of structural wind resistance. It plays an extremely important and decisive role in the reasonable estimation and accurate evaluation of structural wind load. The measured weather data are generally received from near-ground meteorological masts or wind measurement instruments installed on high-rise buildings. However, due to the impact of urbanization, the upstream and surrounding environments of the sites are far coarser than the open terrain stipulated in relevant specifications. Therefore, the measured results of wind speed are different from those on the open terrain and must be revised. Field measurement, wind tunnel test (WTT), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation are conventional research methods in structural wind engineering [1,2]. WTT can study the interaction between the model with a certain scale ratio and the simulated gas flow, and the numerical simulation can observe the gas flow globally at full scale and provide the entire flow field data. Furthermore, the combined application of the two methods can verify and replenish field measurement results. In the studies of localwind environment, all the methods have effective applications, especially in describing the properties of the air flow movement of terrain or buildings. To determine the influence of terrain on air flow, although definite calculation methods for terrain factors of 2D and symmetrical 3D terrain are available in many specifications, the air flow over complex terrain should be studied by means of field measurement, WTT, and numerical simulation. For example, the air flow affected by terrain in the Askervein hill in Scotland has been continuously studied in the past 30 years. First, [PERSON] et al. [3] (1987) carried out a WTT of the hill at three different length scales, and they evaluated the effects of surface roughness, model scale, and measurement techniques on the mean wind speed and turbulence. The WTT results agreed well with the field measurements. With the development of numerical simulation theory and the maturity of technology, researchers improved the turbulence model [4; 5; 6; 7] and simulated the air flow over the isolated Askervein hill by using the 3D nonlinear numerical model, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model, and the large eddy simulation (LES). The results show that the precision of the LES model is relatively higher, and the simulation effect of the windward side is better than that of the leeward side. For the acceleration effect, which is the concern of most structural designers, [PERSON] et al. [8] (2019) discussed the wind speed ratio of nine measuring points at Belmont Hill in New Zealand through the WTT with a scale of 1:2000, full-scale numerical simulation, and field measurement. The results also show that the consistency between WTT and field measurement is better than that of CFD. Meanwhile, when these results are compared with the recommended values in AS/NZS1170.2 [9] (2011), the results calculated by the specifications are found to have significant deviations. In addition, for some air flow problems related to building wind environment [10; 11; 12; 13], such as comfort of pedestrian wind environment, wind effect of passage between buildings, and indoor air flow prediction wind cross ventilation, especially in exploring the variation patterns of wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, eddy, and other parameters at local measured points, the combined application of multiple methodologies can solve the relevant problems relatively well. [PERSON] et al. [14] investigated the influence of the wind incident angle and passage width on the wind flow characteristics at the re-entrant corners of cross-shaped high-rise buildings and the pedestrian-level wind comfort.