## 2 Literature Review
### Overview of CAP and CC Adaption Measures for Regional Agri-Food Activities
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Source** & **Region** & **Key Aspects and Main Findings** \\ \hline
[19] & EU & In this study an agricultural partial equilibrium model (CAPRI) was used to estimate the potential uptake of GHG-reduction subsidies in EU regions, finding that a budget-neutral re-allocation of financial resources towards subsidized emission savings can reduce EU agricultural non-CO\({}_{2}\) emissions by 21% by 2030. Assuming regional budget-neutrality condition, it can also introduce inefficiencies in the incentive system, thus threatening the EU farming sector’s GHG emissions reduction, but also leaving space for the design of more efficient agricultural policies for climate action. \\ \hline
[9] & EU & The assessment of the EU’s CAPs payment distributions indicated strong biases, calling the EU to address payment inequalities reported among farmers as well as direct subsidies towards impeding environmental degradation, promoting decarbonization in agriculture and controlling biodiversity losses. The efficiency of the proposed measures against environmental degradation in the EU necessitates well educated farmers, with sound knowledge and firm attitudes at both climate change issues and the role of policy analysis in order for the CAP to be effectively deployed. \\ \hline
[13] & EU & In this study it was found that Pillar 1 of CAP is considered as a new environmental instrument, the ‘eco-scheme’, under which the CAP would be implemented through national strategic plans enabling EU member states to deploy policies of the subsidiarity principle. This article explains the weak environmental effectiveness of the CAP effectiveness is low and there is a shared responsibility of the EC to some extent that could improve the regulation of the environment and climate impacts of European agriculture. Pillar 2 measures are considered unchanged with their strengths and weaknesses, implying a risk that short-run political pressures will moderate countries ambition in their eco-schemes. However, by following the principles of public economics and environmental federalism can responsibly tackle climate and biodiversity issues while defining simple and robust agri-environmental indicators. \\ \hline
[20] & EU & The strong affiliation of agriculture with climate change was investigated in terms of the developed relationship of economic performance-carbon dioxide emission as a high priority issue for CAP during the last decade. Within this socio-economic context the relationship between agricultural carbon emissions equivalents and income per capita for the agricultural sector in different EU countries with the assistance of the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDI) co-integration technique, it was studied, showing the strong relationship between GHG emissions and agricultural income in all instances. An asymmetric impact on agricultural income due to carbon emissions could enable policy makers to implement relevant policies with suitable tools that successfully promote the increase of agricultural income along with mitigating GHG emissions. \\ \hline
[21] & Greece & Forestry in Greece, even though it has been characterized by limited funding, constitutes a key socio-economic and environmental determinant of local prosperity since it involves the production of goods and services while simultaneously contributing to the protection and the enhancement of mountainous and countryside areas. The accession of Greece to the EU, and its subsequent inclusion in the CAP framework, it can support funding for various actions that promote forests and unveil their multi-functional role to national economy and society. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Overview of selected CAP-related literature for EU and Greece.