## 4 Discussion
### Comparison with Previous Studies  
Information about the environmental and field management conditions from other authors is summarized in Table 4, as they influence CO\({}_{2}\) absorption ([PERSON] et al. (30) and [PERSON] et al. (33)). The results (Figure 11, Tables A1-A4) indicate a lower capacity for CO\({}_{2}\) absorption than [PERSON] et al. (11), [PERSON] et al. (12), and [PERSON] et al. (13); possibly influenced by climatic conditions. The study was under the conditions of a hot desert (Bwh) climate because of the permanent presence of the South Pacific anticyclone in northern Chile. On the other hand, [PERSON] et al. (11) and [PERSON] et al. (13) carried out their studies at the ICAR--National Rice Research Institute (NRRI) in India; they recorded climatic conditions typical of the tropical savanna type (Aw). For their part, [PERSON] et al. (12) at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) in Dehli, India, were under hot semiarid climate conditions (Bsh). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Site**} & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Köppen–Geiger Climate** \\ **Classification** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{**Field Management**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Soil Texture**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Reference**} \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Cuttack, India} & Tropical savanna & Flood irrigation. & \multirow{2}{*}{Sandy clay loam} & [PERSON] et al. (11) \\  & (Aw) & Water depth: 8 cm. & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Delhi, India} & Warm semiarid & \multirow{2}{*}{Conventional puddling.} & \multirow{2}{*}{Loam} & [PERSON] et al. (12) \\  & (Bsh) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Cuttack, India} & Tropical savanna & Flood irrigation. & \multirow{2}{*}{Sandy clay loam} & \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] et al. (13)} \\  & (Aw) & Water depth: 7–10 cm. & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Lima, Peru} & Hot desert & Conventional puddling. & \multirow{2}{*}{Loam} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} \\  & (Bwh) & Water depth: 5 cm. & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Main environmental characteristics of the studies involved. Regarding pp during the rice season, a total of 13.4 mm was recorded, despite the influence of the cyclone \"Yaku,\" which coincided with 111 and 126 DPS (Figure 2d). In comparison with [PERSON] et al. (2011) and [PERSON] et al. (2013), whose average annual pp was 1500 mm. 75 and 80% was happened between June and September. [PERSON] et al. (2012), whose studies were carried out in Delhi, recorded 1198 mm during the kharif season for rice cultivation when most of the rains occur from July to September because of the southwest monsoon. Regarding Tc, it ranged from 21.82 to 33.9 \({}^{\circ}\)C on average. On the other hand, Ts fluctuated between 24.95 and 25.51 \({}^{\circ}\)C on average. This study was carried out in the months of February to May during the summer season when the cold phase of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is also influential. [PERSON] et al. (2011) recorded average annual maximum and minimum temperatures of 39.2 and 22.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C. [PERSON] et al. (2012) recorded Ta and Ts values between 31.8 to 38.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 27.7 to 28.9 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. [PERSON] et al. (2013) recorded a progressive increase in temperature as the vegetative cycle of rice continued. From the vegetative stage to harvest, the average temperatures were 23.6 to 33.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C, respectively. However, there were variations in the irrigation techniques used. This study had a maximum water depth of 5 cm during the entire study period. [PERSON] et al. (2011) used a higher water regime in three units. [PERSON] et al. (2012) irrigated their crops only when the moisture content fell below the saturation level. In turn, the irrigation regime of [PERSON] et al. (2013) resulted in a sheet of 7-10 cm. According to [PERSON] et al. (2012), NEE is sensitive to field management strategies, with water management being one of the most important factors.