## 5 Discussion
### Discussion of Soil Erosion Priorities
The important morphometric parameter bifurcation ratio is mainly controlled by the change in the drainage systems during the development of the landscapes [9]. The authors in [9] highlighted that bifurcation ratio values that fall between 3 and 5 indicate the development of normal drainage systems over homogenous soils and rocks. Higher numerical bifurcation ratio parameter values provide well-dissected and deformed drainage catchments [21] with lower conditions for erosion and flood risks [34]. Form factor is recognized as the relationship ratio between the basin area and the square of the basin length. The smaller the numerical number of the form factor, the more elongated in shape the basin is [34]. The form factor parameter provides results between 0.26 and 0.64. Higher values of the form factor parameter indicate more circularity in the basins. Therefore, sub-basin 3 was the most elongated sub-basin found in the Wadi Al-Lith basin, and the sub-basin tended to be perfectly circular in shape. As the elongation ratio is recognized as a ratio between the circle diameter of the same area to a given catchment and the maximum length of the same basin, it is very useful to differentiate basins in terms of circularity levels. The authors in [36] defined five classes of Re due to the given numerical values: more elongated (<0.5), elongated (0.5-0.7), less elongated (0.7-0.8), elongated (0.5-0.7), and circular (0.9-0.1). Accordingly, the classes of basins can be classified in terms of their circularity ratios into high, moderate, and low, indicating old, mature, and young stages of the basins [9]. The compactness coefficient parameter is usually used to examine the relationship between catchment hydrological characteristics and that of a circular catchment providing the same space as the hydrologic catchment [36]. The authors in [38] applied a compactness coefficient in their study and highlighted that if \(Cc>1\), then the catchment had an increased deflection from the circular shape; however, if \(Cc=1\) or less, the catchments behaved as a circular catchment. Accordingly, all sub-basins had record-high values, indicating that all sub-basins provided deviation from circularity; thus, they provided an increasedconcentration time before reaching peak water flow [37]. The drainage texture (\(Rt\)) is one of the most effective morphometric parameters in defining the ratio of the total numbers of rivers and streams of all orders to the perimeter of a given catchment that is affected by infiltration rate [21]. In this study, according to the authors in [28], textures could be classified into the following categories: very fine texture (\(Dt>8\)), fine texture (\(Dt=6\):8), medium texture (\(Dt=4\):6), coarse texture (2:4), and very coarse texture (\(<\)2). The analysis of this parameter indicated that all sub-basins were providing information regarding very coarse texture conditions. The stream frequency (\(F\)) parameter can be described as the ratio between the total number of streams in a basin per square kilometer, reflecting the texture conditions of the drainage systems. The stream frequency parameters were classified in Ref. [9] into five classes as follows: very high (\(F>20\)), high (\(F=15\):20), moderate (\(F=10\):15), low (\(F=5\):10), and very low (\(F<5\)). The drainage density parameter (Dd) is a very effective indicator to define various environmental conditions and variables [38]. Many researchers have suggested a positive relationship between drainage density and rainfall conditions [39]. Generally, the high \(Dd\) values are associated with impermeable rocks. The author in [21] applied the length of overland flow (\(Lg\)) in his study, indicating that a low value of \(Lg\) (\(<\)0.4) is a signal of a strong channel and river erosion, while higher numerical values indicate strong conditions of soil erosion. The relief ratio parameter (\(Rll\)) measures the general basin steepness, indicating the intensity rate of the erosion action.