## 3 Results  
### Survey Outcomes  
This section presents the findings from the stakeholder survey, which aimed to assess industry professionals' readiness, expectations, and challenges regarding AI-XR-based agricultural education. The survey collected a total of 26 responses from individuals actively involved in viticulture, providing insights into their experiences, preferences, and challenges.  
The respondents demonstrated a moderate level of familiarity with vineyard management, averaging a score of 4.35 out of 7. In terms of varietal preferences, the average score of 3.96, on a scale where 1 indicates interest in white varieties only, 4 on both, and 7 in red varieties, suggests a balanced interest in both red and white varieties. Spain emerged as the most visited country for vineyard experiences (62%), followed by France (15%) and Italy (8%), with an average satisfaction rating of 4.5.  
The understanding of EU regulations for chemical applications was moderate, with an average score of 4.08. Awareness of Precision Agriculture and Viticulture technologies was fairly good, scoring 4.56. The suitability of technological developments like AI and drones for improving wine quality and vineyard management received a higher rating of 5.02. Experience in managing pests and diseases scored 4.19, indicating moderate familiarity. Soil management was highly prioritized, with an average importance score of 4.96.  
Respondents preferred hands-on practice (4.50) and visual aids (4.48) as training methods. Knowledge about the impact of climate change on viticulture was moderately high, averaging 4.16. There was significant interest in using technology for improvements like pest monitoring and soil/water management, with a score of 4.85. There was a promising level of interest in using VR for education and training purposes (Figure 5), with an average score of 4.43, reflecting an increasing openness to innovative learning methods within the agricultural sector, particularly in viticulture.  
The participants had mixed but specific goals in learning about vineyard management, scoring an average of 4.48. Social media was the preferred medium for updates and news, with a score of 4.00. Interest in sustainable and organic practices was good, averaging 4.31. Confidence in using technology for vineyard management was moderate at 4.60, and the frequency of incorporating new technologies into practices was 4.17. Managing various challenges in vineyard management was moderately difficult, scoring 4.77. Interest in vineyard automation technologies was also moderately high at 4.54. The importance of wine certification was fairly high, with an average score of 4.53.  
Water management approaches scored 4.19, indicating interest in advanced irrigation technologies. The role of grape variety selection in planning was critical, scoring 4.44. There was moderate interest in alternative vine training and trellising systems at 4.69. Quality assessment methods showed a balanced approach between laboratory testing and sensory evaluation, scoring 3.97, and moderate reliance on external experts at 4.55. Pest and disease management strategies favored a balanced approach, including chemical, organic, and IPM methods, scoring 4.02.  
Staying informed about viticulture trends was achieved through a mix of academic and practical resources, scoring 4.48. There was moderate concern about the impact of climate change, scoring 4.71. Vineyard expansion or diversification planning showed a balanced approach to planning and responding to market trends, scoring 4.19. Interest in collaborative innovation projects was potential at 4.23. Marketing strategies preferred a balanced mix of online sales, direct sales, and distribution channels, scoring 4.23. The future perspective on viticulture and winemaking was cautiously optimistic, with an average score of 4.48. Overall, the survey reveals a moderately high level of knowledge, experience, and interest in various aspects of vineyard management, with a particular emphasis on technology and sustainable practices.