# Carbon Emission Analysis of RC Core Wall-Steel Frame Structures
## 1 Introduction
By converting the compressive strength of concrete in existing buildings to 40 MPa high-strength concrete, they have achieved a reduction in the quantity of concrete and steel, simultaneously enhancing the lifespan of the building. [PERSON] et al. [30] proposed an optimal design model for the low-carbon construction of reinforced concrete two-way slabs. Compared to traditional design methods, this optimal sustainable design approach considers various design scenarios, resulting in a reduction in carbon emissions for office and commercial buildings. Building information modeling (BIM) is a digital modeling technique that centers on the fundamental elements of building components, integrating material visual characteristics, physical properties, and geometric data to achieve a detailed representation of data at various levels [31]. Several studies have been conducted for further enhancement of the utilization of BIM in practical engineering to achieve more efficient smart construction settlements [32]. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [33] analyze the key factors influencing the acceptance of mobile BIM technology among construction practitioners and propose a model for promoting mobile BIM usage based on a survey and structural equation modeling. In addition, BIM has been proven to be efficient in sustainability analyses and management [34]. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [35] conducted an assessment of CO2 emissions during the tunnel construction process based on BIM. [PERSON] et al. [36] conducted a systematic review on the integration of BIM and prefabrication to advance low-carbon efforts in building delivery. Many scholars have integrated BIM technology to achieve life cycle assessment (LCA) of carbon emissions [37; 38]. Utilizing BIM models as data carriers significantly enhances the reuse rate of building information and achieves the assessment of environmental impacts throughout the lifecycle of buildings [39; 40]. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [41] combined the theory of LCA with BIM to propose a green building assessment method, leveraging the rich engineering information provided by BIM. [PERSON] et al. [42] proposed a carbon emission measurement system based on BIM focusing on prefabricated residential buildings. [PERSON] et al. [43] proposed a calculation method based on BIM utilizing \"building element\" as the basic unit suitable to provide design feedback during the schematic design stage. These BIM-enabled LCA carbon emission analyses encompass various stages of building development and different building types. Additionally, some studies have integrated BIM with GIS [44,45] and machine learning [46,47] technologies to enhance the performance of the analysis framework. In particular, [PERSON] et al. [48] integrated BIM with various intelligent algorithms to optimize design parameters with a focus on sustainability. However, previous studies have primarily concentrated on the environmental impacts of smaller-scale or conventional high-rise structures, lacking the specificity and detail needed for super high-rise buildings with unique structural systems. The related analysis and evaluation systems focusing on super high-rise buildings with RC core wall-steel frame structures are still underdeveloped and are mostly limited to qualitative analysis. Additionally, the emission reduction strategies for super high-rise buildings during the materialization stage are currently not well developed. Our aim is to offer a comprehensive quantitative model that specifically addresses these gaps. Consequently, this work specifically focuses on the carbon emission analysis of super high-rise buildings with RC core wall-steel frame structures. By examining the energy consumption and carbon emission characteristics of super high-rise buildings, key influencing factors are identified. Combining these insights with real-world case studies, a carbon emission analysis model based on BIM-enabled LCA focusing on the materialization stage and the waste recycling stage is constructed.