## 4 Results and Discussions
With the increasing number of IoT devices and the exponential growth of data usage, 5G networks must be optimized to handle the massive amount of data transmission while minimizing interference. The deployment of small cells and heterogeneous networks is one strategy to increase network capacity and reduce interference. However, the complexity of network planning, deployment, and management increases with the deployment of small cells, which requires sophisticated optimization techniques. Additionally, the development of 5G IoT devices \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Category** & **Context** & **Explanation** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Positive} & \multirow{4}{*}{Cost Optimization} & Integrating 5G technologies with IoT solutions will allow for more cost-effective solutions when 5G technologies reach the mainstream market. Optimizing processes with the data gathered by the devices will allow for data-driven decision making, allowing private or public entities to make better decisions. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & By providing relevant information and real-time control over public infrastructure, citizens will be positively impacted by reduced traffic, improved security, and new economic development opportunities fueled by the digitalization era. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Positive} & \multirow{4}{*}{Reducing climate change} & Having closer control over industrial processes and real-time analytics regarding relevant environmental properties, implementing IoT solutions with 5G technologies can be the next step in becoming a more environmentally friendly society. \\ \cline{2-3}  & & While 5G and IoT efforts can improve the quality of life of those cities that can afford it, they currently do not offer cost-effective solutions for regions with less access to technological services. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Negative} & \multirow{4}{*}{Privacy compromises} & Having real-time information on assets, people, and any living or non-living organism in a region can seriously threaten privacy violations. Political or social movements can negatively use sensible data related to citizens to perform any action. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-3}  & & Having real-time information on assets, people, and any living or non-living organism in a region can seriously threaten privacy violations. Political or social movements can negatively use sensible data related to citizens to perform any action. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Explanation of the positive or negative impact in 5G and IoT. with limited power and processing capabilities also presents a challenge. The design of low-power wireless communication protocols and efficient resource allocation techniques is necessary to optimize the performance of IoT devices in 5G networks. 5G networks' challenges related to interference, IoT devices, and network optimization require advanced solutions and innovative technologies to ensure high-quality wireless connectivity and meet the demands of the growing digital ecosystem. Table 11 is a representation of the future research challenges in 5G that are directly related to IoT services. It is a five-column table with the following labels for each column: Features, Advantages, Research Challenges, Key Requirements, and Interoperability. The Features column lists the main features that are relevant for IoT services in 5G. In this table, the features are IoT Services, Edge Computing, 5G Radio Access, and Network Slicing. The Advantages column lists the advantages that 5G can provide to IoT services, for example, enabling new use cases, reducing latency, providing high data rates, and providing customizable networks. The Research Challenges column lists the key research challenges that need to be addressed in order to fully realize the potential of 5G for IoT services, for example, network slicing, security, scalability, resource allocation, and spectrum management.