## 3 Results and Discussion
### Flow Uniformity Evaluation of the Samples  
To evaluate the uniformity of sage seed flow, experiments were conducted based on the CCD principles by using five different forward speeds, seeding rates, and seed falling  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline
**Seed Rate-Setting** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Seed Rate-Setting**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Seed Weight (g)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Average**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Seed Rate (kg ha\({}^{-1}\))**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**CV**} \\
**Main Position** & & & & & & \\
**(Vertical Roller)** & **(Horizontal Roller)** & **Rep# 1** & **Rep# 2** & **Rep# 3** & **(g)** & **(\%)** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{0} & 0.0 & - & - & - & - & - & - \\  & 1.0 & - & - & - & - & - & - \\  & 2.0 & - & - &  
Each experiment was conducted with its own independent values. For instance, the second experiment was conducted at 1.4 ms\({}^{-1}\) of forward speed, 20 kg ha\({}^{-1}\) of seed rate, and 15\({}^{\circ}\) of seed falling angle that corresponded the coded values at \(-1\), 1, and \(-1\), respectively. The flow uniformity results were evaluated based on the CV% values given in Table 2.  
As can be seen from Table 6, depending on the experimental design, the average flow rates of weighing trials conducted for sage seeds ranged from 8.07 to 32.09 g. However, they varied depending on each experimental condition, and the lowest and highest CVfu values in the replicates were 0.12% and 7.04%. respectively. When the standard deviation values obtained under in all conditions were examined, these values were found to be quite low. This indicated that the agreement between replications was very high.  
The results from the flow uniformity tests on sage seeds indicated that the overall flow quality was generally classified as \"medium\". However, in Experiment 11, where the forward speed was 2.0 ms\({}^{-1}\), the seed rate was 6.6 kg ha\({}^{-1}\), and the seed falling angle was 35\({}^{\circ}\), the flow quality was additionally categorized as \"insufficient\" based on the coefficient of variation (CVfu%).  
In Experiment 10, where the forward speed and seeding rate were higher despite the same seed falling angle, the lowest CVfu value of 0.12% was obtained and the flow uniformity was found to be of \"very good\" quality. Based on these results, it can be said that increasing the forward speed and seeding rate had a positive effect on flow uniformity.  
Similar findings were determined in a previous study [10] conducted using a fluted roller with different kinds of cereal seeds and medicinal and aromatic plant seeds. It was determined that the most important factor affecting the flow uniformity of sage seeds was the forward speed, while the seed rate and seed falling angle were more effective parameters in the flow uniformity of black cumin and coriander seeds.  
Another study [11] was conducted using a seed-metering unit equipped with a fluted roller and coriander seeds. In the study, CV values for flow uniformity ranged from 0.28% to 1.05%. These values were observed at forward speeds of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ms\({}^{-1}\) and seed rates of 15, 20, and 25 kg ha\({}^{-1}\).  
Different types of seed-metering units and seeds were used in this study, which may differ from ours.