## 6 Conclusions, Limitations, and Future Studies  
In the context of globalization and increasing pressure from sustainable development requirements, logistics strategies have moved beyond conventional operational performance optimization to address long-term economic, social, and environmental goals. This  
Figure 5: Overall NFAD results.  
transformation requires businesses and government agencies to focus not only on cost reduction and efficiency improvement but also on technological innovation, enhanced supply chain collaboration, and meeting sustainability criteria. However, developing and implementing a sustainable logistics strategy is not simple, with many challenges such as high investment costs, shortage of qualified human resources, and lack of policy synchronization, creating significant barriers. This study used the FAHP-NFAD method to identify, evaluate, and rank sustainable logistics strategies, clarifying the relationship and priorities between economic, social, and environmental factors. Based on the three cores theory, a hierarchical structure of strategic options was constructed, providing a solid scientific basis for strategic decision-making in green logistics. Priority strategies such as green technology application, green warehouse development, and supply chain network optimization were identified as important factors in promoting sustainable logistics development. In particular, strategies related to the application of environmentally friendly means of transport, optimization of transport loads, construction of green distribution centers, and development of reverse logistics strategies were also ranked as important priorities. These factors not only play a fundamental role but also contribute to promoting innovation and enhancing competitiveness for the logistics industry. The objective of the study was to identify sustainable strategies in logistics and provide a scientific basis to support strategic decisions in this industry, which was completely achieved. The study not only clarifies the relationship between influencing factors but also provides practical recommendations for governments and businesses in developing sustainable strategies. However, the study still has some gaps, especially in expanding the scope of the survey and integrating more multidimensional assessment factors, as well as analyzing the long-term impacts of these strategies. One of the notable limitations is the limited scope of the survey subjects, and more criteria are needed for a more comprehensive assessment. Further studies can expand the scope of the study and integrate more multidimensional factors to assess the long-term impacts of sustainable logistics strategies. This will create a solid basis for policy and strategy planning in the logistics industry, contributing to promoting sustainable development and creating long-term value for society, the economy, and the environment. Overall, this study has addressed current issues in the field of sustainable logistics while laying a solid foundation for future sustainable development strategies. The findings from the study will help governments and businesses to orient and implement effective sustainable logistics strategies, meeting the increasing demands for sustainable development in the current context of globalization.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
The author appreciate the support from the Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Vietnam.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.