## 2 Results
### Evolution of Floral Scent in JABOROSA and Its Association with Pollination Mode and Climate  
Chemical complexity and compound diversity of floral scent varied markedly between _Jabrosa_ clades. Two chemical classes (aromatics and sesquiterpenes) dominated the volatile blends produced by the three hawkmoth-pollinated _Jabrosa_ species from the Subtropical Lowland clade. In contrast, six chemical classes (aliphatics, aromatics, irregular terpenoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, nitrogenous and sulfutrous compounds) were represented in the floral scent of the five _Jabrosa_ species (four pollinated by saprophilous flies and one with generalized pollination) sampled from the Andean clade (Figure 2). In addition to this clear association between VOCs' chemical classes and clades, our data also revealed high variation in chemical composition among species, with most of the floral VOCs being species-specific (Figure 2, Table S3). These trends were amplified by the presence of metabolic series or \"runs\" of unique, related compounds, such as six thioesters in _J. sativa_ (Table S4) and seven piperidine-related N-volatiles in _J. laciniuta_ (Table S3; Figure S2). A detailed summary of the taxonomy of short chain esters found in _J. sativa_ is shown in Table S3. In the Subtropical Lowland clade, the scent blends of _J. odonelliana_ and _J.integrinia_, which replace each other ecologically from east to west in northern Argentina (see Figure 1 in ref. [56]), shared oxygenated sesquiterpenoids ((E)-nerolidol, isomers of farnesol and (E,E)-farnesal), whereas the floral scent of partially sympatric _J. integrifolia_ and _J. runcinata_ overlapped in a few aromatic compounds (benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl benzoate), with additional related compounds (methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate) unique to the more complex blend of _J. integrifolia_. Available evidence indicates that these three species are pollinated infrequently by large nocturnal moths [56]. Interestingly, some of the same VOCs that typify hawkmoth pollination in lowland _Jaborosa_, such as (E)-nerolidol and related terpenoid hydrocarbons (linalool, (E)-\(\beta\)-caryophyllene, (E,E)-\(\alpha\)- and (E)-\(\beta\)-farnesene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-4,8,12-trimethyl trideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene) were detected consistently in the floral headspace of _J. reflexa_, a species from the Andean clade, which shows generalized pollination by small insects (Figures 2 and 3, Table S4), as well as population-specific variation for overall scent composition (Table S3, Figure S3). The remaining four _Jaborosa_ species from the Andean clade are pollinated by saprophilous flies and produce VOCs not observed in the Subtropical Lowland clade. The scent blends of three species (_J. rotacea_, _J. sativa_ and _J. laciniata_) shared the presence of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMDS), universal indicators of carrion mimicry, whereas a fourth species (_J. leucotricha_) lacked these sulfides but emitted other compounds (p-cresol, \(\beta\)-citronellene) indicative of herbivore fecal mimicry (Tables S3 and S5). Figure 2: Floral Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by the studied _Jaborosa_ species. Plant –doral volatile network showing the plant species (upper rectangles) connected to emitted floral VOCs (bottom rectangles). Bar widths correspond to the relative percentage of VOCs, i.e., all compounds present in the floral scent of a given _Jaborosa_ species add up 100%. Colors show different chemical classes. Floral VOCs are listed in Supplementary Table S3. The phylo-scent-space showed that the two _Jaborosa_ clades differed significantly in floral scent chemical composition (Figure 3, Figure S3). Six environmental variables that contributed the most to the ENMs of the two clades helped to explain the differences observed in scent profiles.