## 2 Literature Review  
To address the secure transmission challenges in high-speed power line carrier communication, numerous scholars and research institutions have conducted extensive investigations. Bouzinis, P. S. et al. first quantize federated learning model parameters to generate bit streams, divide them into substreams, and perform channel coding to generate protected substreams for transmission [6]. This method improves the accuracy and speed of parameter transmission under noisy channels but increases the complexity and computational overhead. Vishal Sharad, H. et al. use an optimized routing algorithm to find optimal data transmission paths in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), considering factors like node energy consumption, transmission distance, and link quality. A multi-path transmission strategy is used, where multiple paths transmit data simultaneously [7]. In dynamic WSN environments, this method requires frequent updates to adapt to new network conditions, reducing communication stability. Zenalden, F. et al. utilize social attributes between devices (e.g., user behavioral patterns and social relationships) to optimize D2D communication, dynamically adjusting the strategy to adapt to changing network environments and user requirements [8]. This method is limited by user privacy and security concerns. Alizadeh, M. et al. construct a network control system model using local state information on subsystems, establishing distributed trigger events through stability analysis. In practical applications, it can intelligently select the best communication path and transmission strategy according to network conditions and data transmission requirements to realize efficient and reliable data exchange [9]. This method can be affected by incomplete or delayed information. Nizampatnam, S. et al. dynamically adjust the contention window size based on data traffic and transmission demand, balancing network load to avoid congestion and delays [10]. However, this can lead to network transmission instability, particularly during drastic changes in network load. Ercan, S.U. proposes a revolution in data transmission for distribution networks based on power line communication. Power line communication is a new technology that uses existing power infrastructure for data transmission, supports communication through power lines, and allows devices to exchange information and access the Internet through the power grid. This approach offers many advantages, including wide availability, cost-effectiveness, and easy deployment without additional cabling. PLC has applications in various fields, including smart grid management, home automation, industrial control systems, and Internet of Things connectivity. This paper presents two-way communication from the power supply side to the load side using the BPSK and QPSK modulation techniques. Monte Carlo simulation is used to predict the theoretical channel of a transformer and to compare the efficiency of the proposed method. Randomly selected data from 10 k to 50 k are used to compare performance curves. In addition, test sound data are sent from the source side to the load side, and it is observed that using QPSK modulation techniques results in an almost zero bit error rate [11]. However, it is difficult to dynamically adjust the fixed modulation mode according to channel conditions, which leads to a significantly higher bit error rate in the high-frequency band than in the low-frequency band. Ayele, E.D. et al. propose a method to enhance the network security of distributed microgrids based on a summary of communication protocols and standards. The effective operation of distributed energy depends heavily on the communication system adopted in the microgrid. This paper discusses the basic communication requirements, structures, and protocols needed to establish secure connections in microgrids.