# Comparative Analysis of Measurement Tools in the Cognex D900 Vision System
## 3 Applications of Cognex Vision Systems
### Application of Cognex Vision Systems in Industry  
Machine vision helps solve complex industrial tasks in a reliable and consistent manner. According to the Automated Imaging Association (AIA), machine vision encompasses all industrial and non-industrial applications in which a combination of hardware and software provides operational guidance to devices to perform their functions based on image capture and processing. Although industrial computer vision uses many of the same algorithms and approaches as academic/educational and government/military applications of computer vision, the constraints are different [30; 31; 32].  
Industrial vision systems require greater reliability, durability, and stability compared to academic/educational vision systems and typically cost significantly less than those used in government/military applications. Therefore, industrial machine vision signifies low cost, acceptable accuracy, high durability, reliability, and high mechanical and thermal stability [33; 34; 35; 36].  
In order to present specific applications of machine vision, a small summary has been prepared, showing what is checked using vision methods and implemented GIGI categories (Table 3).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Type of Industry** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Type of Vision Application**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**The Most Frequently**} \\  & & **Type of Vision Application** & **Implemented GIGI Category** \\ \hline Automotive Industry & \(\bullet\) & Assembly of fuses and electrical harnesses; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Glass quality—surface defects, distortions; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Safety—seatbelt tensioners; & Guidance \\  & \(\bullet\) & Brake disk quality; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Paint quality and body panel fit. & \\ \hline Pharmaceutical Industry & \(\bullet\) & Accuracy of ampoule filling—filling level; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Counting and color verification of tablets/ampoule. & Identification \\ \hline Textile Industry & \(\bullet\) & Weaving correctness; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Patch production quality; & Inspection \\  & \(\bullet\) & Inspection of coatings on special fabrics. & \\ \hline Building Materials & \(\bullet\) & Degree of burning of bricks, roof tiles; & \\ Industry & \(\bullet\) & Insulators—wood, polystyrene and Styrofoam boards. & Gauging \\ \hline Metallurgical Industry & \(\bullet\) & Assessment of the surface of sheets, pipes; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Rolling quality. & Inspection \\ \hline Food Industry & \(\bullet\) & Crop assessment; & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Condition of fruits; & Guidance \\  & \(\bullet\) & Cold storage supervision. & \\ \hline Electronics Industry & \(\bullet\) & Correctness of PCB etching, continuity of assembly lines; & Guidance \\  & \(\bullet\) & Assembly of electronic components. & Gauging \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: A list of typical vision applications in various industries with the most frequently implemented GIGI category [37].  
Machine vision systems rely on digital sensors housed in industrial cameras with specialized optics for acquiring images so that computer hardware and software can process, analyze, and measure various characteristics for decision making. Machine vision is used in various industry sectors, each leveraging its unique capabilities to solve specific problems.