# Effect of Hybrid Knitted Structure on Clothing Pressure
## 1 Introduction  
Since the 20 th century, the use of compression clothing in medicine has led people to recognize the benefits of the appropriate pressure on the body and its positive impact on their overall well-being [1, 2]. To achieve these effects, it is crucial to understand the critical range of garment pressure that impacts the physical, physiological, and psychological aspects of the human body. Compression garments are widely used for body shaping, recovery, and protection in daily life, medical purposes, and sports applications. Proper size and fit are key features of these garments. The main features of tight-fitting pressure garments as second skin are the ability to adapt the initial human body morphology to a new morphology in static and dynamic postures; the ability of garments to provide the intended effect; the positive perception of the wearer in accordance with the length of time the garment is worn; correct construction; and textile materials [1]. In this context, the fieldof textile engineering has experienced significant advancements through the development of novel materials and new fabric structures that surpass traditional functionalities and aesthetics [3]. These innovations aim to improve fabric performance by creating tightly-fitted compression garments that deliver appropriate pressure while generating positive subjective sensations including ease of motion, softness, thermal sensation, and overall comfort. Recent relevant research has primarily concentrated on the classification of garment pressure levels and the assessment of compression garments in a standardized way [4; 5; 6; 7]. Traditionally, textiles have been categorized into woven or knitted types, each offering distinct benefits. Knitted fabrics are renowned for their softness, comfort, and excellent stretch recovery. Recent research has highlighted the potential of knitted structures, which excel in energy absorption, impact resistance, and flexibility [8]. The tensile properties of weft-knitted fabrics for compression garment applications often fall short due to their low dimensional stability, leading to inconsistencies in pressure application. In contrast, woven fabrics are typically known for their structural stability, making them more suitable for delivering precise and desired pressure on the body [8; 9; 10; 11; 12]. Typical knitted fabrics are characterized by an elongation greater than 15%, while woven fabrics, which are less stretchable, may offer reduced comfort [1; 4; 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12]. Structural differences in weft-knitted fabrics critically impact their physical properties through variations in yarn interlocking and loop configuration. A single jersey structure provides high elasticity and softness, ideal for garments that are stretchy and comfortable to wear. Rib fabrics are known for superior mechanical properties, specifically in terms of tenacity when compared to plain structures [6; 7; 8; 9]. Knitted fabrics are widely acknowledged for their comfort and favorable sensorial properties, attributed to their inherent elasticity and exceptional flexibility resulting from their interlaced structure [1]. It is important to highlight that, as prior studies suggest, the surface structure of fabrics plays a vital role in the sensory experience, influenced by loop configuration and compactness. For example, rib structures, which are more compressible and have uneven surface structures, create a sensory perception distinct from that of other fabrics, such as single jersey [1; 3; 4; 5; 11]. These structural distinctions demonstrate the role of fabric structure in optimizing mechanical and comfort properties for specific functional needs. That is because a fabric's tensile properties affect the perception of tightness, which in turn influences the pressure exerted on the body, ultimately impacting the sensory experience of wearers.