At 23.0\({}^{\circ}\) b TDC and 220 bar injection pressure, [PERSON] et al. [19] investigated the effects of _Spirulina_ Biofuel (SBF) blends with neat diesel (20, 40, 60, and 80%) on engine characteristics. The findings suggested, all blends have a higher ignition delay duration compared to pure diesel [20]. Thermodynamic studies, such as energy and exergy evaluations [21; 22], are often performed in order to develop internal combustion engines since they were used to evaluate and define the efficiencies of thermal systems such as IC engines [23; 24]. [PERSON] et al. [25], under various engine load levels, blended fuels created by blending two distinct biodiesel (10% by volume) with conventional diesel. To determine the appropriateness of blending two distinct biodiesel with diesel as a potential substitute for petroleum fuel, engine performance and emission characteristics were examined. As a result, several studies have been done on the energy and exergy evaluations of IC engines. The evaluation of quantitative and qualitative data for identifying energy and exergy efficiencies, losses, and exergy destruction was done in conjunction with an investigation of direct injection compression ignition (DICI) engines for biodiesel-diesel blended fuels. In the energy-exergy, study [PERSON] et al. [26] reveals that the B20 blend's combustion and exergetic efficiency are highest at 2.5 kW and 3.3 kW BPs (+87.73% and (+52.04%), respectively. It has been found that three-fifths of the total exergy available has been destroyed. Cooling water removes half of the heat that is supplied, brake power absorbs a third of the heat, and the remaining heat is lost in exhaust gases and unreported losses. [PERSON] et al. [27] investigated energy and exergy study of a combined ORC and ERC system for waste heat recovery from biodiesel-fueled diesel engines. To test the engine's exergy balance, [PERSON] et al. [28] employed biodiesel made from oil produced from olive pomace to power a diesel engine. Two biodiesel made from petroleum diesel fuel and the methyl esters of soybean oil (SME) and yellow grease (YGME), and a 20% mix of each biodiesel with diesel fuel were used by [PERSON] et al. [29] for energy and exergy assessments of a diesel engine. The performance parameters of a multifuel diesel engine employing pure diesel and natural gas were studied theoretically [30] and empirically by [PERSON] et al. [31] in terms of both energy and exergy assessments. Using exergy and energy analysis, it is possible to distinguish between different types of combustion chambers such as hemispherical, trapezoidal and toroidal ones [32]. Because of its greater energy efficiency, biodiesel created with pumpkin seed oil was discovered to be a viable alternative to traditional diesel. Therefore, toroidal combustion chambers had superior engine characteristics than the other chambers. [PERSON] et al. [18] used _Pithecellobium_ dulice seed oil (PDSO) for transesterification to produce methyl esters. As PDSO contains 2.12% free fatty acids (FFA), an alkaline-based potassium hydroxide (KOH) catalyst was utilized to produce methyl ester and found to be effective. At a 1:6 molar ratio, 60 \({}^{\circ}\)C reaction temperature, 0.8 weight percent catalyst, and a reaction time of 90 min, an optimum PDSOME yield of 93.2% is attained. [PERSON] et al. [33] investigated biodiesel that was trans-esterified from _Scenedesmus obliquus_ algae, because pure biodiesel has drawbacks when used in engines. Compared to an exquisite biodiesel mix, it was discovered that CO\({}_{2}\) and Nox levels had increased while HC, CO, and O\({}_{2}\) levels had decreased. They concluded that adding pentane to a biodiesel blend considerably enhanced engine performance.