# Named Data Networking Based Disaster Response Support System over Edge Computing Infrastructure +
## 2 Related Works
### Previous Research Efforts  
With these clear advantages of NDN over IP-based networks in disaster management, the research community has contributed several disaster-related solutions using this network architecture. Although state-of-the-art NDN has been applied in message delivery [9; 10], social networking service [11], and vehicular communication [12] in disaster scenarios, most works extend and improve NDN features to enhance its performance in different aspects. [PERSON] et al. [8] improve the capability of naming disaster information in NDN by using natural language processing. [PERSON] et al. [3] added lightweight push support to the original NDN for an NDN-IoT-based system for disaster management. This extension helped reduce system latency and increase its throughput. [PERSON] et al. [5] proposed a disaster NDN information dissemination with complex graph-based namespaces, automatic name-based load-splitting support on a recipient-based publish/subscribe architecture. Their system improved state-of-the-art NDN in terms of information delivery time and load sharing. Another kind of approach in leveraging NDN in disaster management solutions is combining NDN with other architecture. [PERSON] et al. [7] adopted NDN in Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET). The authors proposed a proactive routing protocol that extends NDN's Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and leverages NDN multipath forwarding support. Their system improved transmission efficiency in MANET.  
However, it is complex to evaluate these systems in a real disaster scenario since most previous works are simulated using NS-3 network simulator ndnSim [17]. Only a few works have real implementations of their systems. The mentioned NDN-based MANET [7] is demonstrated by a platform consisting of several Raspberry Pi smart cars. NDN engine with the proposed routing protocol is installed in these Raspberry Pis. Another work that has real demonstration is the graph-based namespaces NDN information dissemination system [5]. The demonstration [6] consists of several responder devices, a coordination center, and a middle device moving between them to update responder devices' namespaces. Although their results are reliable, these architectures are only applicable to device-to-device (D2D) network. User devices can run out of energy anytime because power supplies might not be available after the disaster happens. Moreover, the D2D network is not reliable in large-scale disaster scenarios. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to deploy an NDN-based system on the remaining infrastructure.  
Our previous works [18] has already presented a real implementation of a name-based emergency communication system by virtualizing NDN network functions over Kubernetes. However, we find it necessary to enhance our system to deal with other disaster-related challenges so that it can work effectively in real scenarios. In this paper, our proposed architecture focus on the following issues. First, producer mobility should be supported because responders frequently move during their disaster response missions. Second, since network infrastructure can be damaged by hazards during the disaster, the network architecture should be able to re-converge fast in case of replacement. Lastly, the system should be able to prevent information loss caused by intermittent network conditions. In this work, we design a mobility protocol between responder devices and border edge and utilize KubeEdge--a lightweight edge computing platform to address these mentioned problems.