## 1 Introduction  
The dynamic development of technology since the end of the 18 th century has led to the creation and implementation of many different and increasingly sophisticated devices and technologies. In the broad field of engineering, the development, construction, and, above all, the general use of computers have been of fundamental importance [1]. Computerization has, of course, also entered the broad field of engineering design. Furthermore, in addition to its fundamental application in architectural and construction design, there is a notable focus on utilizing diverse methods and models to manage the design process, as well as the implementation of various construction projects, even under challenging conditions [2; 3; 4; 5]. The basic issue here was the possibility of programming, which made it possible to create advanced procedures for carrying out simulations of the processes being analyzed. Another extremely important factor was the ability to perform complex and time-consuming calculations. Engineers directly involved in production are particularly interested in the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) system because it provides tools for automating a range of processes and activities. In short, the CAD idea is based on the concept of digital representation of the project being created [6]. The fundamental is digital geometric modeling based on elementary objects such as points, lines, curves, etc. Each of the elements representing the designed product is made up of the aforementioned geometric components and is defined graphically, specific to a given program. The designed structural element actually containsthree basic pieces of information regarding its geometric, dynamic, and material or broader technological characteristics. However, for some time now, the CAD concept based on 2D and 3D graphics has been somewhat burnt out, as the programs have reached their maximum level of functionality and it is difficult to expect any innovation in this area. The new idea was to find a way of defining an element that would be simple, fast, and accurate on the one hand and would achieve broad universality in terms of the types of elements modeled on the other [7]. It was then devised that the individual components of the building object would be modeled directly in the form of three-dimensional objects corresponding to the geometry of the given element, thus having the appropriate cross-section, length, and characteristic geometric attributes (e.g., holes, cuts, etc.) and being defined in a simplified manner. This simplification involves defining characteristic points of the modeled object in the model's workspace, such as the start and end, and loading a finished object from a database that is a model of the element being designed. This model also contains a set of information defining parameters of the element other than geometric ones, which is the first innovative functionality of the new idea described above [8]. This new modeling concept took the form of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology, which is referred to as modeling information about the building, although it actually includes modeling the entire construction investment [9; 10; 11]. The widespread use of computer technology to support the design process has not only led to the creation of the systems presented above. An important and very interesting path is the development of many specific design methods based on the use of computerization. Furthermore, it is necessary to distinguish architectural ideas and concepts that are related and based on the use of these systems. Several types of computer-aided design can be distinguished, based on the use of computers and numerical methods. The main concepts and types relevant to this study are as follows:  
* Computational Design, which covers the design process in its broadest sense, including both the use of the computing power of equipment and methods and the design of products and simulation processes based on computer programs.