# Musculoskeletaleltal Symptoms and Assessment of Ergonomic Risk Factors on a Coffee Farm
## 3 Results
Significant statistical differences were also found between right and left wrist discomfort and alcohol consumption, where alcohol consumption was associated with a lower frequency of symptoms in this segment. In relation to BMI, overweight is \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Body Region** & **20–29** & **30–39** & **40–49** & **50–59** & **60+** & **Total** \\ \hline Neck & 1 & 7 & 7 & 8 & 4 & 27 \\ Right shoulder & 1 & 8 & 9 & 10 & 4 & 32 \\ Left shoulder & 1 & 8 & 9 & 10 & 4 & 32 \\ Upper back & 1 & 8 & 12 & 10 & 4 & 35 \\ Lower back & 0 & 8 & 11 & 10 & 4 & 33 \\ Right wrist & 1 & 8 & 10 & 8 & 4 & 31 \\ Left wrist & 1 & 8 & 9 & 8 & 4 & 30 \\ Right knee & 1 & 8 & 12 & 10 & 4 & 35 \\ Left knee & 1 & 7 & 12 & 10 & 4 & 34 \\ Right foot & 1 & 8 & 11 & 10 & 4 & 34 \\ Left foot & 1 & 8 & 11 & 10 & 4 & 34 \\ Mean & 1 & 8 & 10 & 9 & 4 & 32 \\ Total, workers & 5 & 12 & 14 & 13 & 4 & 48 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Frequency (f) of workers by age range who perceived musculoskeletal symptoms by body region for more than 30 days and all days during the last 12 months. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Body Region** & **Job Type** & **Smoker** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Alcohol** \\ **Drinker** \\ \end{tabular} & **Gender** & **BMI level** & **Age Level** \\ \hline Neck & 9.975 & 0.128 & 1.300 & 2.697 & 3.435 & 12.497 \\  & (0.041) * & (0.938) & (0.522) & (0.260) & (0.179) & (0.130) \\ \hline Right shoulder & 8.744 & 2.167 & 0.774 & 1.056 & 15.319 & 21.420 \\  & (0.188) & (0.539) & (0.856) & (0.788) & (0.002) * & (0.045) * \\ \hline Left shoulder & 8.744 & 2.167 & 0.774 & 1.056 & 15.319 & 21.420 \\  & (0.188) & (0.539) & (0.856) & (0.788) & (0.002) * & (0.045) * \\ \hline Upper back & 3.302 & 3.075 & 2.396 & 3.449 & 0.379 & 18.287 \\  & (0.770) & (0.380) & (0.494) & (0.327) & (0.944) & (0.107) \\ \hline Lower back & 6.731 & 1.673 & 1.075 & 2.053 & 0.464 & 21.005 \\  & (0.346) & (0.643) & (0.783) & (0.562) & (0.927) & (0.050) * \\ \hline Right wrist & 13.966 & 0.643 & 6.130 & 4.492 & 0.560 & 11.655 \\  & (0.007) * & (0.725) & (0.047) * & (0.106) & (0.756) & (0.167) \\ \hline Left wrist & 12.814 & 1.244 & 6.807 & 4.859 & 4.426 & 11.841 \\  & (0.012) * & (0.537) & (0.033) & (0.088) & (0.109) & (0.158) \\ \hline Right knee & 5.354 & 4.825 & 2.560 & 1.676 & 0.379 & 14.545 \\  & (0.499) & (0.185) & (0.465) & (0.642) & (0.944) & (0.267) \\ \hline Left knee & 4.379 & 6.170 & 3.181 & 2.039 & 0.421 & 15.448 \\  & (0.625) & (0.104) & (0.365) & (0.564) & (0.936) & (0.218) \\ \hline Right foot & 3.196 & 1.622 & 0.010 & 1.070 & 15.319 & 15.759 \\  & (0.526) & (0.444) & (0.995) & (0.586) & (0.000) * & (0.046) * \\ \hline Left foot & 3.196 & 1.622 & 0.010 & 1.070 & 15.319 & 15.759 \\  & (0.526) & (0.444) & (0.995) & (0.586) & (0.000) * & (0.046) * \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} (): Asymptotic significance (2-sided). * Significant relationship between variables (\(p\)-value \(\leq\) 0.050).  
\end{table} 
Table 8: Pearson chi-square test musculoskeletal symptoms by variable. associated with a higher frequency of manifestation of musculoskeletal symptoms at the level of the shoulders (F and G) and right (H) and left (I) foot. On the other hand, it should be noted that, with increasing age, the frequency of manifestation of symptoms at the level of the right (J) and left (K) shoulders, lower back (L) and right (M) and left (N) feet tends to increase, it being evident that, over 60 years of age, 100% of the workers manifested discomfort over 30 days during the last 12 months. Figure 1: Relation between musculoskeletal symptoms by variables such as job type: (**a**) neck, (**b**) right wrist, (**c**) left wrist; alcohol drinker: (**d**) right wrist, (**e**) left wrist; BMI level: (**f**) right shoulder, (**g**) left shoulder, (**h**) right foot, (**i**) left foot; age level: (**j**) right shoulder, (**k**) left shoulder, (**l**) lower back, (**m**) right foot, (**n**) left foot.