###### Abstract
However, reservoir construction may also induce localized climate changes, such as increased temperature and decreased precipitation [22]. Furthermore, reservoirs have substantial impacts on the hydrological cycle and the spatial distribution of precipitation, particularly when dams and reservoirs are constructed in diverse geographic regions, affecting evapotranspiration patterns and ecological sustainability [23]. Combined with land use change, reservoir construction has altered runoff patterns in watersheds, increasing the complexity of hydrological changes in the context of climate change. In this context, climate change may exacerbate water scarcity, prompting researchers to propose climate change-adapted reservoir operation rules to ensure sustainable water resource management [24]. These studies highlight the far-reaching impacts of reservoir construction on local climate regulation, precipitation distribution, and water resource management. The impact of reservoir construction on land use/cover change and the ecological environment has become a prominent research topic worldwide. Several studies have shown that reservoir construction leads to large-scale land use conversions, particularly the transformation of natural ecosystems such as cropland, forests, and grasslands into watersheds or other artificial covers. This change not only alters land-water-air exchanges and disrupts the water cycle but also profoundly affects regional ecosystems and biodiversity. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [25] examined land use changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir and noted that reservoir construction exacerbated land use conflicts, especially near ecological reserves. Similarly, [PERSON] et al. [26] highlighted the far-reaching impacts of reservoir construction on hydrological processes globally, particularly regarding changes in water allocation and groundwater storage. Additionally, studies by [PERSON] et al. [27] and [PERSON] et al. [28] have shown that while reservoir construction improves water resource management, it negatively impacts agricultural production and the livelihoods of local populations. Simulations by [PERSON] et al. [29] further confirm that reservoir construction triggers land use/cover changes, which have complex effects on hydrological processes,agricultural production, and ecological resilience. Therefore, land use transformations induced by reservoir construction not only alter regional water management but also have far-reaching consequences for local ecological environments and socio-economic systems. Reservoir construction plays a crucial role in linking climate change and land use/cover change [30]. Climate change influences land use patterns, and the dual impacts of reservoir construction on both climate and land use drive this interaction. Reservoirs affect the regional climate by altering watershed areas, evapotranspiration, and other factors, while land use changes may, in turn, influence the efficiency of water use and ecological processes. Although studies have explored the independent effects of reservoir construction on climate and land use, relatively few systematic studies have examined their interactive effects [31]. Therefore, this study focuses on the impacts of terrace reservoirs in the UYR, assessing the interactions between reservoir construction, climate, and land use changes and further analyzing their integrated effects on the regional ecological environment. The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to investigate the impact of reservoir construction on the local climate and explore the trends and factors contributing to changes in climate elements following reservoir construction; (2) to examine land use/cover changes before and after reservoir construction, including the primary types of land use affected, the degree of change, and the differences observed among various reservoirs; and (3) to explore the relationship between reservoir attributes, climate change, and land use/land cover changes.