# A Power Control and Intervention Algorithm for Co-Existing IMT Base Stations and Satellite Services
## 3 Optimisation Algorithm
### Average Power Allocation Algorithm Based on Partitioning Strategy
However, at this point, the aggregate interference-to-noise ratio from terrestrial IMT-2020 base stations to the satellite is approximately 6 dB, far exceeding the threshold requirement of \(-6\) dB. Among the three power control algorithms, the power control algorithm based on maximizing the sum rate can achieve the highest sum rate per

Figure 8: Performance of the Channel Gain-Based Power Allocation Algorithm with Partitioning Strategy. (**a**) Transmission Power of Base Stations within a Single Partition. (**b**) User Rate within a Single Partition. Figure 7: CDF Curve of the Transmission Power of Base Stations in Each Region when the Number of Partitions is K = 1000.

formance, with the smallest performance loss compared to no power control. However, this scheme requires solving an optimization problem, resulting in higher computational complexity. The average power allocation scheme can achieve a sum rate performance close to the maximum sum rate-based method, while requiring minimal computational complexity. ### Research on Self-Organizing Multi-Hop NGSO Access Based on Reinforcement Learning

Based on the scenario and algorithm described earlier, it is assumed that there are a huge number of LEO satellites connected to ground base stations in space to form a communication network, and each satellite node has communication and forwarding functions. Different satellite nodes complete power allocation and ground base station access according to the algorithm described earlier. It is very important to determine the spectrum of the network and the connection order of relay satellites, and to complete the overall specific point-to-point communication network design based on the spectrum access information of each node. This problem can be optimized as a sequential decision-making problem. For each node, the model is unknown and needs to be explored through multi-step learning to make it very suitable for reinforcement learning, as shown in Figure 10 shows. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Scheme** & **Sum Rate** & **Performance Loss** & **100 MHz Coverage** & **Performance** \\ \hline Channel Gain-Based Power Allocation Algorithm & 3.0370 kbps\(/\)Hz & 67.14\% & 50 [EMAIL_ADDRESS]\% & \(-\)6.8977 \\ with Partitioning Strategy & 8.0024 kbps\(/\)Hz & 13.43\% & 50 Mbps@100\% & \(-\)6.8052 dB \\ \hline Maximum Sum Rate-Based Power Allocation & 8.2096 kbps\(/\)Hz & 11.19\% & 50 Mbps@100\% & \(-\)6.8443 dB \\ \hline No Power Control & 9.2447 Mbps\(/\)Hz & 0\% & 50 Mbps@100\% & 6.1725 dB \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Simulation parameters. Figure 9: Performance of the Maximum Sum Rate-Based Power Allocation Algorithm with Partitioning Strategy. (**a**) User Rate within a Single Partition. (**b**) User Rate CDF Curve. When considering the design of the spectrum access scheme for the satellite wireless autonomous network, the physical layer environment of the satellite network should be taken into account. Attention should be paid to the self-organizing spectrum and node access design scheme for point-to-point communication of network nodes within the satellite communication network [24]. For the reinforcement learning process of path and spectrum selection access design, assuming that adaptive coding and modulation are carried out in each link, the maximum total throughput that can be supported in the spectrum path is the minimum rate of the link connected by all points, so it is a function of the lowest signal-to-noise ratio as the bottleneck in each link of the data flow. Such bottleneck goals are not easily adapted to the [PERSON] decision process framework, so reinforcement learning agents need to be trained to maximize the bottleneck goals [25]. Define the action space and state space of a reinforcement learning agent for a frequency band. The action of the agent is to select the next hop node for transmission.