# Multi-Segmental Motion in Foot during Counter-Movement Jump with Toe Manipulation
## 3 Results
### Landing Phase
#### 3.2.1 Plantar Pressure Distribution
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Regions**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Maximum Force**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Peak Pressure**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Contact Area**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Impulse**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Pressure-Time Integral**} \\ \cline{3-11}  & **NTM vs. TM** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** \\  & **(Unit: N)** & **Difference** & **TM Unit:** & **Difference** & **TM Unit:** & **Difference** & **TM Unit:** & **Difference** & **TM Unit:** & **Difference** \\  & **(Unit: N)** & **(95\% CI)**, ES & **N(cm\({}^{2}\))** & **(95\% CI)**, ES & **cm\({}^{2}\))** & **(95\% CI)**, ES & **N-s(cm\({}^{2}\))** & **(95\% CI)**, ES & **N-s(cm\({}^{2}\))** & **(95\% CI)**, ES \\ \hline BT & 103.4 (5.53), & 29.1 (2.5 to 6 2.9), 4.7 & 1.5 (0.1 to 15.9 (3.0), 1.0 ) & 15.9 (3.0) & 1.0 (-0.8 0) & 29.8 (40.0), & \(-0.8\) (-6.6 to 1.7 (2.1), 1.6) & 0.1 (-0.7 to 1.5 (3.0) & 0.0 (-0.7 to 1.5 (5.5), 2.8) \\  & 74.3 (36.3) & 55.7 (0.51 * (1.5), 2.8) & **2.0(5.17)** & **14.8 (3.4)** & 2.9 (2) & 26.6 (24.8) & 7.1 (1.3) & 0.0 (8) \\ \hline OT & 38.3 (22.6), & \(-0.7\) (-9.4 to 1.6 (0.9), 2.0 & \(-0.4\) (-1.0 to 21.6 (4.9), 0.6 (-1.8 to 10.3 (12.9), -3.2 (-8.0 to 0.4 (0.5), 0.8 0.2 (-0.4 to 8.1) (1.4) & 0.2) & 20.3 (5.1) & 3.0) & 19.1 (26.2) & 1.6) & 0.0 (1.1) & 0.0) \\ \hline M1 & 161.5 (62.2), & 6.2 (-25.7 to 8.1 (2.7), 7.9 & 0.1 (-1.2 to 19.1 (3.0), 0.1 (-1.4 to 42.7 (33.2), -19.2 (-45.5 to 20.1 (3.0), 3.0) & \(-1.0\) (-2.1 to 15.5 (38.2) & 0.0 (2.5) & 1.5) & 19.0 (2.5) & 0.0 (1.9) & 0.0) \\ \hline M2 & 160.7 (59.4), & \(-31.3\) (-6.1 to 15.0 (6.2), & \(-0.5\) (-3.1 to 10.6 (1.7), -1.3 (-2.2 to 15.8 (41.7), -38.0 (-6.68 to 5.4 (3.8), 7.7 (-2.3 (-4.4 to 12.9 (0.8), 0.8) * (56.9) & 2.0) & 11.9 (1.5) (-0.4) & 0.0 (8.64) * & 96.0 (75.6) & \(-9.2\) (0.62) * & 5.7 (-0.3) (-0.8) \\ \hline M3 & 148.7 (39.0), & \(-4.7\) (-32.0 to 15.5 (37.), & 0.1 (-2.3 to 9.3 (1.1), 9.6 & \(-0.3\) (-1.1 to 69.1 (51.1), -9.3 (-31.8 to 7.3 (5.8), 8.3 (5.0) & 0.7) \\  & 153.4 (50.0) & 22.7) & 15.4 (4.3) & 2.5 (1.3) & 0.5) & 87.3 (71.5) & 13.2) & 0.0 (5.8) & 0.0) \\ \hline M4 & 105.7 (28.7), & 16.4 (-8.1 to 11.3 (2.6), 9.6 & 1.0 (-1.1 to 9.0 (12.9), 9.3 (-1.1 to 50.9 (39.4), 3.2 (-8.5 to 5.5 (42.4), 4.8 -0.1 (-1.5 to 89.3 (38.9) & 41.0) & 3.0) & 0.0) \\ \hline M5 & 89.4 (31.8), & 23.8 (-2.8 to 5.9 (2.0), 4.6 & 1.4 (-0.3 to 14.5 (2.0), 6.5 (-0.7 to 37.5 (33.4), 8.6 (-4.4 to 2.5 (2.2), 1.7) & 0.4 (-0.5 to 65.6 (39.4), 50.3) & 2.6) & 3.0) & 14.0 (1.8) & 0.0) \\ \hline MF & 254.6 (135.7), & 51.2 (-20.8 to 6.0 (2.6), 4.9 & 1.1 (-0.4 to 39.8 (7.9), 1.9 (-1.9 to 56.4 (68.6), -4.6 (-42.7 to 13.7 (1.7), 123.2) & 0.0 (2.3) & 2.6) & 37.9 (7.5) & 5.6) & 69.0 (85.1) & 33.6) & (1.8) & 0.0) \\ \hline MH & 297.9 (139.0), & 2.8 (-94.8 to 16.1 (6.0), 29.0 (134.3) & 10.4 (7.5) & 1.5 (-2.5 to 19.5 (3.6) & -1.9 (-4.6 to 130.2), -17.2 (-55.7 to 5.5 (5.5), 5.5 5) & 0.0 (-2.0 to 113.9 (85.1), 21.4) & 0.0 (3.9) & 2.1) \\ \hline LH & 243.1 (112.6), & \(-31.6\) (-97.9 to 14.4 (4.8), & 0.1 (-2.1 to 16.3 (4.7), -2.4 (-4.5 to 104.7), -5.5 (-40.4 to 4.4 (5.1), 4.7 -1.3 (-2.9 to 264.2 (102.5) & 34.8) & 0.1 (-2.1 to 14.4 (4.4), 2.2) & 17.7 (3.4) & 0.0 (-3.3) & 0.0) \\  & 264.2 (102.5) & 34.8 & 14.4 (4.4) & 2.2 & 17.7 (3.4) & \(-0.3\) & 83.7 (65.9) & 29.3) & 0.0) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The plantar pressure during landing in Non-Toe-Manipulation (**NTM**) and Toe-Manipulation (**TM**) sessions, including mean (SD), mean difference, 95% confidence intervals and effect sizes (ES) (Cohen’s d). * indicates significance with \(p<0.05\).