## 4 Results and Discussion
* Form the semantic definitions and their assignment to the concepts used in the model;
* Parameterize the components, functions, requirements, and processes;
* Analyze hierarchies for SoS requirements;
* Construct the matrices of relationships between RBS, FBS, and PBS;
* Rank the importance of relationships;
* Define the boundaries of relationship modeling (determine which relationships are modeled in the digital world);
* Identify the components, functions, requirements, and processes required for modeling;
* Define standards and ensure model interoperability and form a platform solution;
* Define the model ontology for individual systems and components;
* Model the components, functions, and processes;
* Conduct relationship modeling (parameterized meta-model);
* Determine a decision-making strategy based on the display of changes in the physical world in the digital world and scenario modeling (generativity);
* Determine the methodology for verification and validation of the SoS model;
* Perform a verification of a single SoS model (iterative);
* Perform SoS model validation (iterative);
* Repeat the iteration. Limitations of the Proposed Model and the Advantages of the Proposed Approach over the Existing Ones  
Limitations of the proposed principles:  
* Complexity of implementation: Creating and maintaining a centralized information platform requires significant investments in IT infrastructure, software, and staff training. * Compatibility with existing systems: Integration with existing data management and storage systems can be difficult due to differences in data formats and structures. * Data Quality Dependency: The effectiveness of the system will depend on the relevance and accuracy of the data in the BIM and MBSE models. Poor-quality data can lead to errors and unreliable analyses. * Complexity of changes: Making changes to established BIM and MBSE models can be complex and require significant effort, especially in the later stages of the life cycle of an object. * Barriers to staff skills: Working with BIM and MBSE may require new skills for employees, which can be a challenge when transitioning to a new methodology. Advantages of the proposed approach over the existing ones:  
* Improved visibility and control: A centralized information platform provides all project participants with access to up-to-date data, improving coordination and reducing the risk of errors. * Lifecycle integration: Combining BIM and MBSE reduces switching between systems at different stages of the lifecycle, which reduces time delays and improves consistency. * Process optimization: The ability to analyze and simulate processes using BIM and MBSE can lead to improved operational efficiency and resource optimization. * Risk management and predictability: The use of analytical tools based on BIM and MBSE allows you to more accurately assess risks and develop strategies for their management. * Collaboration and communication: Common BIM and MBSE models facilitate more effective communication between project participants and different disciplines. * Adapting to change: Flexible BIM and MBSE structures make it easy to make changes to the system, which is important in the face of changing requirements. * Knowledge retention: The implementation of a knowledge management system based on BIM and MBSE allows you to preserve and transfer experience, which ensures the continuity of the enterprise. * Compliance: The approach promotes easier compliance with regulations and standards, which contributes to improved quality and safety.