## 1 Introduction  
X-ray detection technology is an important approach in space science research, and the scientific data obtained through this technology can be applied to dark matter detection, the exploration of available extraterrestrial resources, and astronomical navigation in space [1; 2; 3; 4; 5]. As the core component of the X-ray optical focusing system, a grazing incidence focusing mirror is mainly used to collect and converge X-rays, which plays a key role in increasing the detection area and improving the detection sensitivity [6]. The processed grazing incidence focusing mirror, and its own surface shape accuracy before assembly, will have a certain impact on its imaging quality [7; 8]; during the assembly process, gravity-induced changes in the surface shape accuracy will also bring about changes in the imaging quality [9; 10]. After assembly, due to the influence of the adhesive layer bonding, curing will also cause changes in the imaging quality of the focused spot [11]. Focused on the various tasks in the assembly process of grazing incidence focusing mirrors, researchers have carried out a large number of studies. [PERSON] conducted a study on surface shape measurements and error sensitivity during the mounting and calibration of full-shell replica X-ray optics [12; 13; 14]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a method for analysing the assembly errors of spatial X-ray focusing optics in response to the problem of the impact of multi-source assembly errors on the optical performance of grazing incidence focusing X-ray telescopes [15]. [PERSON] et al. and [PERSON] et al. introduced, in detail, the specific steps of mounting IXPE grazing incidence focusing mirrors on mounting equipment and the quality inspection of focusing images [16; 17]. [PERSON] et al. used a finite-element simulation to analyse the effect of deformation during the installation of a grazing incidence focusing mirror [18; 19]. [PERSON] et al. derived the design parameter equations of a focusing mirror with a glass substrate by theoretically calculating the equations of the mirror surface and the reflecting rays through the establishment of a geometrical model [20]. [PERSON] et al. investigated the precise integration of segmented X-ray optics using a semi-robot, an interface ring, and the associated error budget [21]. [PERSON] et al. performed full-scale modelling and numerical calculations for Wolter-I mirrors and investigated the effects of the form of the temperature distribution, the support structure, and the range of the temperature difference on the surface shape error of focusing mirrors [22]. [PERSON] et al. and [PERSON] et al., respectively, used the equivalent temperature difference method to simulate adhesive curing shrinkage using finite-element analysis and analysed the effect of curing time on the surface shape error of the lens [23; 24]. [PERSON] et al. used the equivalent thermal deformation method to simulate and analyse the effect of adhesive layer shrinkage on the mirror surface shape and found the main factors that generate a shrinkage force during the adhesive layer curing process [25]. [PERSON] et al. established a three-dimensional adaptive integrated modelling and simulation algorithm process based on finite-element analysis for the assembly process of the conical nested Wolter-I X-ray focusing telescope [26]. [PERSON] et al. established a finite-element model of a nested X-ray focusing telescope by using finite-element analysis, simulated the random vibration of an X-ray focusing telescope model by using the base excitation method, and obtained the stress distribution of the telescope structure [27]. [PERSON] et al. investigated the performance of a single-layer Wolter-I X-ray focusing mirror; carried out experimental tests on the defocusing, focusing, and off-axis working conditions of the single-layer focusing mirror; and analysed the parameters of its focal length, the distribution of its focused spot, and its angular resolution [28]. [PERSON] et al.