## 3 Results and Discussion
### Composition of Amino Acids  
Nine amino acids--histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine--are considered indispensable nutrients, and as mammals do not synthesize them, these are commonly referred to as the essential AA [47]. These that are particularly noteworthy in terms of health benefits are those that contribute to overall protein quality and have positive effects on human health; they play crucial roles in protein synthesis, immune function, and overall health [48; 49]. Leucine, for example, is a branched-chain amino acid that is known to stimulate muscle protein synthesis [50]. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are important for neurotransmitter function, while tyrosine is a precursor for neurotransmitters and has antioxidant properties [51]. Dietary AAs play a crucial role in human health. For instance, branched-chains may have adverse effects on blood pressure, while leucine has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in muscle function, underscoring its significance, as reviewed by [PERSON] et al. [52]. [PERSON] conducted a scientific study investigating the amino acid composition of _T. molitor_ larvae. The findings revealed that larvae subjected to a diet of wheat bran, oats, brewer's yeast, and carrots displayed the presence of all essential AA [53].  
In our study (Table 1), analogously to the one conducted by [PERSON] et al., certain effects of diet on the compositions of AAs and FAs were observed [28]. The larvae consistently exhibited higher levels of valine, leucine, isoleucine, cystine, and threonine compared to their respective substrates (\(p<0.05\)). Methionine and phenylalanine levels were higher in larvae compared to the substrate, except for phenylalanine in larvae 4 CL (\(p<0.05\)). Lysine and tyrosine levels were generally higher in larvae, especially in larvae 3L (\(p<0.05\)). Additionally, the control samples (4 CS and 4 CL) consistently exhibited lower amino acid values compared to the experimental conditions.  
[PERSON] et al. have analyzed the nutritional value of mealworm and found that the content of isoleucine was 3.556 g/100 g, while in our study, it was 1.6-2.2 times lower than the researched value of only 1.61-2.14 g/100 g [14]. Meanwhile, the amount of leucine was determined to be 3.405 g/100 g, and in our study, it was 3.02-3.79 g/100 g, so the amount was very similar or even higher when using by-products. Lysine content in mealworms was also similar in both experiments; according to [PERSON] et al., it was 2.906, and our analogous results with the 3L sample had 2.92 \(\pm\) 0.152. It is important to note that the amount of valine (2.439) in our results was higher in almost all cases, except for sample 2L (2.25-3.14 g/100 g), if compared to the two mentioned studies [14].  
Observing the amino acid composition of lyophilized larvae and substrates, it is evident that larvae in 3L exhibited elevated levels of multiple AAs compared to other larvae and substrates. Specifically, 11 out of the 16 identified AAs demonstrated the highest concentrations in larvae in 3L. Therefore, it can be suggested that larvae in 3L could potentially have a very positive impact on consumers health. Individual AA contributes differently to health, and a balanced intake of various AAs is essential for overall well-being.