###### Abstract  
A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic system in a pilot greenhouse has been implemented by a group of farmers in Cisauk-Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. The characteristic tropical climate south of the equator causes high temperatures and humidity in the greenhouse. This study aims to control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse using the misting method so that the temperature and humidity are not more than 33 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 85%, respectively. A misting system designed by the main equipment consists of a water flow control pump, temperature and humidity sensors, water mist spray nozzles, and water flow settings for intermittent drizzle for five minutes ON and ten minutes OFF using the internet of things module program. In addition to setting the water discharge intermittently, another limitation for the pump to be OFF is a minimum temperature benchmark of 28 \({}^{\circ}\)C and a maximum humidity of 85%. The temperature does not exceed 33 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the humidity setting of 85% is obtained by adjusting the mass flow of water during the day according to the time sequence from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m.: 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. using 50 L/h, 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. using 100 L/h, 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. using 120 L/h, 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. using 80 L/h, 2 p.m. to 3 p.m. using 60 L/h, and 3 p.m. and after using 0 L/h or the misting system is turned off. greenhouse; misting system; water flow; temperature; humidity; mustard greens; watercress +
Footnote †: journal: Applied  
temperature and low humidity--a challenge for researchers who engineer greenhouses. This condition differs from the geographical areas south of the equator, such as Indonesia, which is characterised by high temperatures and high humidity. Given the importance of controlling temperature and humidity in greenhouses, researchers have generally identified three standard methods: a forced convection system with a wall/roof ventilator, an air conditioning system, and a misting system [7; 8; 9]. In the first method, the wall/roof ventilator serves to circulate the hotter air in the greenhouse to the open air outside. There are two types of wall/roof ventilators: one that can rotate due to the difference in air temperature and another that is driven by an electric motor. One study by [PERSON] et al. was conducted in a \"504 m\({}^{2}\)\" greenhouse in Cyprus that used a pad and fan cooling system [7]. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using a pad and fan cooling system in greenhouses in boosting cucumber growth under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The results showed that the cucumbers could be harvested every harvest period for one year, and the system could prevent plants from overheating. The pad and fan cooling system could lower the plant's leaf temperature by \"3.3 \({}^{\circ}\)C\" than the air temperature outside. The second method is to use an air conditioning system to cool the air in the greenhouse using the cold air circulated by the air conditioning equipment. As this method can reduce the temperature significantly and quickly, it is suitable for fruit plants that require low temperatures, such as strawberries, tomatoes, or grapes. However, one possible disadvantage is that the humidity of the air may often be too low and that this method tends to waste a lot of energy. [PERSON] et al. researched a greenhouse in Multan, Pakistan, examining the temperature and humidity in a greenhouse that uses an air conditioning system [9]. They revealed that the air conditioning system with a vapour compression air conditioning (VCAC) method could control the temperature as needed. They found that the indoor temperature of the greenhouse remained stable at \"30 \({}^{\circ}\)C\", which was \"10 \({}^{\circ}\)C\" lower than the temperature outside the greenhouse (\"40 \({}^{\circ}\)C\"). Moreover, the indoor humidity was observed to increase, higher than the outside air humidity, 11 g per kg of dry air.