# Fabric Sol-gel Phase Sorptive Extraction Technique: A Review
## 4 Applications of Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction
The use of sol-gel PDMS improved the enrichment capacity, in the case of compounds with high log\(P\) values. Sample extraction assisted by magnetic stirring at 700 rpm was optimized at 20 min and 10 min for solvent elution assisted by ultrasound. Acetonitrile was adopted as the elution solvent since recoveries were higher than 70% for 13 out of the 18 selected compounds in all FPSE media. The best extraction recovery values were achieved when analytes were dissolved in 3% aqueous acetic acid solution, where 17 out of 18 compounds showed improved sensitivity and 10 of them obtained enrichment factors higher than 3 for all tested FPSE media. When FPSEluents were evaporated using nitrogen, 11 out of 18 compounds reached EFs higher than 100. This significant improvement of the sensitivity was based on the combination of FPSE technique with nitrogen evaporation allowing the determination of such analytes at very low concentrations in various types of samples. Recently, [PERSON] et al., applied the FPSE methodology followed by UHPLC-MS/MS detection for the determination of benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs) in sewage samples [27]. BUVSs are classified as emerging pollutants used in different personal care products such as sunscreens, soaps, shampoos, lip gloss, hair dyes or makeup that can affect the aqueous environmental ecosystem in various ways. The target analytes were: UV P, UV 329, UV 326, UV 328, UV 327, UV 571, and UV 360. The non-polar sol-gel PDMDPS coated on a polyester substrate was used to extract the analytes. A sample of volume 10 mL together with the fabric were stirred at 1000 rpm for 60 min and the analytes were eluted with 1.0 mL methanol for 5 min. Under these conditions, the preconcentration factor was 10 times. A UPLC system coupled with a triple quadropole detector with an ESI interface was used to determine the target analytes. The proposed method was applied to sewage samples with recoveries ranging from 42% to 99%. [PERSON] et al. [28] reported a FPSE-UHPLC-MS/MS method for benzotriazole UV stabilizers' (UV P, UV 329, UV 326, UV 328, UV 327, and UV 360) determination in seawater samples collected from beaches used by tourists where the direct input of these compounds may be significant. Three different coated FPSE media; sol-gel PDMDPS, sol-gel PTHF, and sol-gel PEG were evaluated using aqueous solutions at pH 6 as initial conditions. Among them, sol-gel PDMDPS coated on a polyester substrate, showed the greatest capability to extract the non-polar target analytes, so it was selected for further experiments. For 60 min extraction time and 10 min elution in methanol the developed method provided absolute recoveries in the range from 40.9% to 44.3%, except for UV P and UV 329 whose values were between 9.30% and 20.6%. [PERSON] et al. [31] presented a comparative study of four FPSE media: non-polar sol-gel PDMDPS, medium-polar sol-gel PTHF, polar sol-gel PEG-PPG-PEG triblock, and polar sol-gel PEG to extract a group of PPCPs (log\(K_{\mathrm{ow}}\) values range from \(-\)0.6 to 6.1) from environmental water samples. The FPSE sol-gel PEG media was selected as the most appropriate sorbent material for the target PPCPs (MPB, CBZ, PrPB, DHB, BzPB, DHMB, DICLO, BP-3, TCC, and TCS) in the developed method. The analytes were determined in river and wastewater samples by LC-MS/MS. A portion of 1.0 mL of methanol was used as the elution solvent with a time of 5 min and the total extraction time was extremely long, for about 4 h.