## 8 Conclusions  
The proposed model can be implemented in the future based on IoT for healthcare systems. This system may be suitable for observations in specific situations, as well as for implementation in general system. Various unnoticeable, wearable sensors were discussed and analyzed, with a primary focus on healthcare applications. Long- and short-range communication standards were also compared to reflect the suitability of this approach for  
Figure 10: Throughput of MQTTP and LAP. Figure 9: Sensor nodes vs. packet loss per room (MQTTP). healthcare applications. We observed that IoT (narrow band) and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) are the most acceptable modes for long- and short-range communication with respect to healthcare applications. Cloud computing was found to be best means of handling and organizing large amounts of data. It was also observed that encryption and acquire command policies greatly enhanced safety; however, for real-time applications, no such standard is available for wearable healthcare systems relying on IoT. With the modernization of wearable technologies in various areas, as well as cloud and communication technologies, we identified various significant domains for upcoming future research. Encryption methods based on lightweight storage in the cloud and machine learning present opportunities for researchers to explore build new approaches in the domain of healthcare system relying on IoT. The vital objective of our paper was to identify the activities and issues associated with the field of IoT for healthcare system applications. Existing evidence shows that IoT greatly supports patient monitoring and data to delivery to control centers. ECG tracking systems can be implemented using machine learning approaches to easily identify any disease. Researchers have applied various approaches to reduce consumption by implementing algorithms to improve efficiency. An IoT system with existing features can reliably, effectively and adaptively track patient condition, as well as the health of elderly patients, using specific sensors, cameras, speakers. etc. In the future, IoT systems can be improved by using a suitable power absorption model with a secure cloud platform to enhance security performance. We conducted a performance analysis of narrowband IoT using single- and multi-node approaches for healthcare applications and found that multiple-node deployment crucially performs well in term of the quantity of patients and throughput with an increase in delay. Therefore, it is important to optimize the desired delay, throughput and device density. Reliability and efficiency were analyzed with the help of two protocols; we found that for small packets, the message queuing telemetry transport protocol (MQTTP) was efficient compared to limited application protocol (LAP) in sending information from the sensor architecture to the central server. MQTTP also performs well in high-traffic scenarios with a small packet size. Therefore, MQTTP may be considered an efficient protocol for communication in smart healthcare systems. Scheduling mechanisms can help to improve the overall communication performance to deliver packets with appropriate analysis of transmission in the future. Conceptualization, K.; Methodology, A.U., R.A.K. and P.A.C. ; Software, M.K. ([PERSON]) and R.A.K. ; Validation, [PERSON] ([PERSON]), S.V. and P.A.C. ; Formal analysis, A.U. and S.V. ; Investigation, S.U., S.V., K. and M.K. ([PERSON]); Resources, S.U. and K.; Data curation, M.K. ([PERSON]); Writing--original draft, S.U., M.K. ([PERSON]), A.U., M.K. ([PERSON]) and R.A.K. ; Writing--review & editing, K. and P.A.C. ; Supervision, [PERSON] ([PERSON]), A.U., S.V. and R.A.K. ; Funding acquisition, P.A.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Ministerio Espanol de Ciencia e Innovacion under project number PID2020-115570 GB-C22 (DemocrataAI:UGR) and by the Catedra de Empresa Tecnologia para las Personas (UGR-Fujitsu). Not applicable.