# Multi-Objective Optimization Study on Production of AlSi10 Mg Alloy by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
## 1 Introduction  
Additive manufacturing (AM) represents a major innovation in the production of engineering components, enabling the production of parts with complex geometries and lightweight structures that are difficult to achieve with traditional methods [1]. This technology increases design freedom, reduces material waste, and minimizes the number of joining operations [2]. Additive manufacturing can be applied to a wide range of materials, from pure metals to alloys and composites to polymers [3]. The production of the AlSi10 Mg alloy by AM methods has become widespread due to the ease of processing with laser-based systems due to the low melting point and eutectic composition of this alloy [4]. The AlSi10 Mg alloy is of great importance in the automotive and aerospace sectors [5]. In this context, the production of AlSi10 Mg by the selective laser melting (SLM) method is considered a critical issue in terms of research and development studies. SLM is an additive manufacturing technology that enables the production of high-precision solid parts by melting metal powders using laser energy [6]. The quality of manufactured parts is affected by various factors such as material properties, powder properties, and machine features [7]. Additionally, variables in the manufacturing process--laser power, scan speed, layer thickness, infill pattern, production direction, melt pool dynamics, and thermal properties--can significantly affect the performance and quality of final parts [8]. Studies on the production of the AlSi10 Mg alloy by the SLM method have comprehensively investigated the effects of parameters in the production process on material properties. In a study by [PERSON] et al., the AlSi10 Mg alloy was produced by the SLM technique using a Taguchi experimental design. In the study, the effects of variables such as laser power, layer thickness, scan speed, and hatch distance were investigated. The results revealed that the highest relative density and hardness were obtained at 62.50 J/mm\({}^{3}\)volumetric energy relative density, and the surface roughness was at the lowest level at 52.08 J/mm\({}^{3}\) energy relative density. It was determined that laser power and scan speed were the parameters with the most significant effect on hardness and surface roughness [5]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] investigated the effects of different production parameters in order to increase product quality in the additive manufacturing of the AlSi10 Mg alloy. In the study, parameters such as laser power, scan speed, hatch distance, and layer thickness were tested at various volumetric energy densities. As a result of the tests performed using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array experimental design, the effects of the parameters on mechanical properties and surface roughness were evaluated. The findings revealed that very high and very low energy densities worsened mechanical properties and increased surface roughness. The best mechanical properties were obtained at 55.82 J/mm\({}^{3}\), while the lowest surface roughness was obtained at 54.46 J/mm\({}^{3}\) energy relative density. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the optimal production parameters and shows that 30.15% improvement was achieved in performance indicators. It was also stated that volumetric energy relative density can be used as an important tool in evaluating product quality [3]. In a study by [PERSON] et al., the effects of processing parameters on AlSi10 Mg parts produced using the SLM method were investigated in detail. As a result of the experimental design performed with the Taguchi method, nine different processing parameter combinations were determined, and 45 samples were produced with these combinations. Relativistic densities were measured by Archimedes' principle and metallographic image processing techniques. The findings revealed that laser power is the parameter with the greatest effect on relative density. The Taguchi model suggested 400 W laser power, 1800 mm/s scan speed, and 0 mm laser focal distance as the optimum parameters.