## 5 Conclusions  
In this contribution, we present a deployment of next-generation passive optical networks with extensive wavelength utilization and management. For implementations in NG-PON2 networks, the extended dynamic wavelength and the bandwidth allocation algorithms are considered and at the center of research interests. We are focusing on the effective bandwidth utilization of the transmission capacity related to dedicated wavelengths. The effective DBA algorithm is introduced for consideration in the second next-generation passive optical networks together with the optimization of the decision criterion. The novel EDBA algorithm does not determine fixed wavelengths allocated to all ONU units, but it allows the usage of a flexible number of wavelengths based on the bandwidth utilization of utilized wavelengths. So, the implementation of the novel EDBA algorithm in NG-PON2 networks is the novelty of this work. Moreover, the optimization of the decision criterion is an important part of this implementation due to its direct impact on the bandwidth utilization. Based on our simulation results, we can declare that the efficiency of the bandwidth allocation process can be improved, and it is strongly dependent on the optimized \(Rh\) decision criterion.  
The EDBA algorithm based on a wavelength allocation according to the data traffic requests of ONU units allows flexible and effective utilizing network transmission capacities. So, the \(Rh\) decision criterion applied in the novel effective DBA algorithm considered  
Figure 8: A relationship between the number of ONU units and the optimized Rh decision criterion value.  
for the implementation of NG-PON2 networks is optimized in this paper. Therefore, our optimization of the decision criterion supports the utilization of the extended dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation methods into future NG-PON2 networks. The value of the decision criterion affects the number of assigned wavelengths during the iteration for one ONU unit and allows the provisioning of a demanded efficiency for the bandwidth allocation process. The results from the EDBA simulation program show that our optimized _Rlt_ decision criterion is more effective for a larger number of ONU units incorporated into the NG-PON2 networks.  
In future works, we can expand a complex view regarding the extended dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation algorithms for implementation in NG-PON2 networks in a variety of ways. In these networks, AWG elements in the RN equipment and/or active components in optical end-point terminals can be incorporated. Subsequently, the efficiency of the bandwidth allocation for the dedicated wavelengths must be analyzed in more detail for the larger coverage of metropolitan and access areas, higher numbers of users and higher transmission capacities per user. Furthermore, the attention paid to the selection of the wavelength channels related to a practical utilization in DWDM communication systems can bring other environmental effects--above all, the FWM phenomenon that influences the total network performance in future broadband optical metropolitan and access networks [35; 36]. Moreover, the novel effective DBA algorithm, due its effective network resource utilization, can be extended and integrated into the just-in-time wavelength scheduling for providing a higher level of the network wavelength management and control in the OLT terminal.  
This work was funded by Kultirna a Edukacna Grantova Agentura MSVa SR, grant number KEGA 034 STU-4/2021.  
Not applicable.  
The author declares no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.