## 1 Introduction
The issue of the storage availability is solved assuming a large number of vehicles at the building parking lot. The authors used real data from different regions of the USA and the achieved electricity cost reduction from 5% to 16%. In previous research [12], the authors propose a communication energy management framework for an office building with RESs (Renewable Energy Sources), stationary storage and a fleet of EVs. The authors conclude that the communication with the DSO can be achieved through aggregators using advanced metering infrastructure. The energy produced by prosumers can be sent to the grid and/or it can be stored for future utilization. In another study [13], a price-incentive model is used to coordinate the charging of EVs and battery-swapping stations to optimize energy management and to eliminate the uncoordinated charging. Grid-connected and island-mode operation are discussed. The charging optimization problem in real time pricing (RTM) electricity market is discussed in [14]. The authors presented the optimal EV charging algorithm, which considers battery charging in a spot or real-time electricity market. The strategy is to automatically manage the charging time once the vehicle is plugged in to provide a full charge when required but at the lowest cost. The numerical simulations were used to present the possible benefits based on the example of the Illinois RTP tariffs. The concept of increasing the PV power self-consumption by smart charging EVs and the use of \"Vehicle to Grid\" (V2G) technology/service is studied in [15]. The authors focused on a microgrid in Lombok, the Netherlands, and presented a model developed to study different optimization strategies. An agent-based simulation model is presented in [16]. It is used to evaluate various demand-response programs designed for a household with controllable loads, PHEV, PV generation, and storage. The issue of high power demand in the case of fast charging stations is discussed in [17]. The study proposed a charging station system including a medium voltage DC network, PV system, ESS battery, and a grid connection. The decentralized control system uses the DC bus voltage as a key parameter for controlling the energy sources. With the use of the proposed distributed model predictive controller (MPC) the authors proved high system performance. The review of the EV charging requirements, specifications, and design criteria for high power applications is in [18]. Authors presented converter topologies of solid state transformers that can be used in super-fast charging applications. The potential problem of overloading of the utility grid and ineffective utilization of renewable energy sources connected to the multiport charging station is discussed in [19]. Authors introduced a new energy management system maintaining the DC bus power in an analyzed hybrid installation. Technical issues related to the power quality (in particular a voltage harmonic distortion) in distribution networks are studied in [20]. Large EV centralized charging stations connected directly to the medium voltage and distributed charging stations connected to low-voltage networks were distinguished to investigate the level and impact of harmonic distortion. A review of different analyses and studies performed to evaluate the impact of increasing EV charging station penetration on the power quality in supplying network is in [21]. The paper presents a strategies proposed to improve the grid performance. In automotive applications, hundreds of battery cells must be connected in a series to provide high enough operating voltage, which requires a suitable charging strategy to ensure that all cells are charged within the reliable conditions. Charging strategies are implemented in advanced battery management systems and integrated in vehicle battery packs. Although the development of such systems is a different research area, progress in that respect contributes to the development of EV ancillary services.