## 3 Results
### Data Analysis  
To better understand which compounds are up- or downregulated between the two powdered/unpowdered datasets, we performed a fold change on fresh leaves and inflorescences. Figure 2A shows the important features selected by the fold-change analysis with a threshold of 2.0. The y-axis shows values based on the log2 scale, so that both upregulated and downregulated features can be plotted in a symmetrical way; the x-axis shows the compounds. The circle with Log2(FC) > 0, representing the feature above the threshold, was upregulated in powdered fresh leaves. Conversely, the circles with Log2(FC) < 0 represent the metabolites downregulated in powdered fresh leaves. Metabolites that were not significantly changed are shown by gray dots. The metabolites upregulated in powdered fresh leaves are only one (\(\beta\)-caryophyllene), whereas five compounds are downregulated. Similarly, Figure 2B shows the metabolite upregulated in powdered fresh inflorescences (pentanoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester, 4-decenoic acid, methyl ester, Z- and \(\gamma\)-gurjunene) and two compounds downregulated (2-nonanone and germacrene D). Additionally, a VIP plot, which indicates components that play an important role in differentiating between powdered/unpowdered fresh inflorescences and leaves was performed. The VIP value represents the difference between the considered variables. A VIP value above 1.0 indicated components that play an important role in differentiating between samples. In the case of fresh leaves (Figure 3A), the most important compounds were \(\beta\)-caryophyllene (more elevated in powdered in comparison to unpowdered) and humulene (more elevated in unpowdered in comparison to powdered). In the case of fresh leaves (Figure 3B), the most important compounds were \(\beta\)-myrcene (more elevated in unpowdered in comparison to powdered) and humulene (more elevated in powdered in comparison to unpowdered). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline N\({}^{\circ}\) & **COMPONENT 1** & **LR1 2** & **LR1 3** & **Fresh I. 4** & **Fresh L. 5** & **Fresh I. 6** & **Fresh L. 7** \\  & & & & **(Unpowdered)** & **(Unpowdered)** & **(Powdered)** & **(Powdered)** & **(Powdered)** \\ \hline
22 & humulene & 1470 & 1465 & 28.4 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 33.8 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 35.3 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 10.0 \(\pm\) 0.10 \\
23 & \(\gamma\)-muvonidene & 1475 & 1471 & 2.6 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 8.4 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2.7 \(\pm\) 0.03 & - \\
24 & germacrene D & 1480 & 1475 & 1.4 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2.5 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.3 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.9 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\
25 & \(\gamma\)-gurjunene & 1482 & 1477 & 0.2 \(\pm\) 0.02 & - & 4.3 \(\pm\) 0.03 & - \\
26 & \(\beta\)-eudesmene & 1483 & 1480 & 2.9 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 2.9 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1.6 \(\pm\) 0.02 & - \\
27 & \(\alpha\)-selinene & 1492 & 1489 & 1.9 \(\pm\) 0.03 & - & - & - \\
28 & \(\gamma\)-calinene & 1505 & 1509 & 1.6 \(\pm\) 0.03 & - & - & - \\
29 & valence & 1520 & 1515 & 1.5 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 6.5 \(\pm\) 0.01 & - & - \\
30 & selina-3,7(11)-diene & 1533 & 1530 & 1.4 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.9 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1.6 \(\pm\) 0.05 & - \\
31 & \(\alpha\)-muvonidene & 1541 & 1537 & - & 3.8 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 2.4 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 2.8 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\
32 & guaia-1(10), 11-diene & 1555 & 1512 & - & - & 2.6 \(\pm\) 0.01 & 0.8 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\
33 & \(\beta\)-calinence & 1559 & 1538 & 3.2 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 10.3 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 4.7 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 3.4 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\
34 & carophylline oxide & 1591 & 1585 & - & 0.2 \(\pm\) 0.03 & - \\  & SUM & & 98.6 & 99.9 & 97.4 & 99.4 \\  & Monoterbends & & 38.2 & 3.4 & 21.8 & 4.0 \\  & Sesquireperiods & & 58.9 & 92.4 & 72.5 & 94.6 \\  & Others & & 1.5 & 4.1 & 3.1 & 0.8 \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
\({}^{1}\) The components are reported according to their elution order on an apolar column; 2 Linear Retention Indices measured on an apolar column; 3 Linear Retention Indices from the literature; 4 fresh inflorescences unpowdered components; 5 fresh leaves unpowdered components; 6 powdered inflorescences hops components; 7 powdered leaves hops components; not detected.  
\end{table}