## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Mechanical Properties  
The elastic moduli (Young's, bulk, shear, and longitudinal), Poisson's ratio (\(\mu\)), microhardness (\(H\)), and softening temperature were evaluated theoretically at room temperature (298 K) based on the Makishima-Mackenzie theory. According to this theory, the packing factor (\(V_{i}\)) and dissociation energy per unit volume (\(\text{G}_{\text{t}}\), \(\text{kJ}/\text{cm}^{3}\)) are the essential parameters used to predict glassy systems' mechanical properties. The calculated data of \(\text{G}_{\text{t}}\), \(V_{i}\), and packing density (\(V_{i}\)) are summarized in Table 2. Figure 2 illustrated the calculated values of \(\text{G}_{\text{t}}\) and packing density (\(\text{cm}^{3}/\text{mol}\)) of the studied SCNSb samples. The results revealed that the behavior of the calculated dissociation energy (\(\text{G}_{\text{t}}\), \(\text{kJ}/\text{cm}^{3}\)) with the Sb\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) content is opposite to that of the packing density (\(V_{t}\)). The calculated values of dissociation energy for the SCNSb samples increased gradually from 63.980 to 68.297 \(\text{kJ}/\text{cm}^{3}\), while the \(\text{V}_{\text{t}}\) decreased from 0.545 to 0.538 \(\text{cm}^{3}/\text{mol}\), raising the Sb\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) content from 0 to 10 mol % and Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) from 0.76 to 11.72 mol %. The sudden increase in the \(\text{G}_{\text{t}}\) is due to the high rise in the Sb\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) and Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) contents in the last two samples, SCNSb 5 and SCNSb 10. The Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) jumped from 1.18 mol % (for SCNSb 1) to 6.94 mol % (for SCBSb 5), and then 11.72 mol % (for SCNSb 10). Moreover, the Sb\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) contents jumped from 1 mol % (for SCNSb 1), to 5.26 mol % (for SCNSb 5), and then to 10.54 mol % (for SCNSb 10). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Class**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(V_{i}\)** \\ **(cm\({}^{3}\)/mol)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **G** \\ **(kJ/cm\({}^{3}\))** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(V_{t}\)** \\ **(kJ/cm\({}^{3}\))** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(E\) (GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(B\) (GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(S\) (GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(\mu\)** \\ **(GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **\(H\) (GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **\(L\) (GPa)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **\(\big{[}\) \\ **Temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \hline SCBSb0 & 12.939 & 63.980 & 0.545 & 69.707 & 45.568 & 27.994 & 0.2450 & 4.758 & 82.893 & 524.395 \\ \hline SCBSb0.5 & 13.023 & 64.015 & 0.545 & 69.732 & 45.576 & 28.005 & 0.2450 & 4.761 & 82.915 & 520.176 \\ \hline SCBSb1 & 13.093 & 64.047 & 0.544 & 70.498 & 46.560 & 28.253 & 0.2446 & 4.753 & 84.230 & 512.424 \\ \hline SCBSb5 & 13.996 & 66.678 & 0.542 & 72.264 & 46.991 & 29.052 & 0.2437 & 4.964 & 85.727 & 508.887 \\ \hline SCBSb10 & 14.919 & 68.297 & 0.538 & 73.553 & 47.528 & 29.609 & 0.2421 & 5.091 & 87.007 & 506.031 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The mechanical properties of the investigated glasses. The increase in \(\rm G_{t}\) is also related to the replacement of the SiO\({}_{2}\) (\(\rm G_{i}\)= 68 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 14 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol), CaO (\(\rm G_{i}\) = 64.1 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 9.4 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol), Na\({}_{2}\)O (\(\rm G_{i}\) = 31.9 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 11.2 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol), and MgO (\(\rm G_{i}\) = 90 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 7.6 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol) by Sb\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (\(\rm G_{i}\) = 35.3 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 23 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol) [27], and Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (\(\rm G_{i}\) = 131 kJ/cm\({}^{3}\) and \(\rm V_{i}\) = 21 cm\({}^{3}\)/mol).