## 3 Analysis of Students' Consumption Behavior
### Statistical Analysis
#### 3.2.4 Statistical Result Visualization  
According to the statistical analysis of the consumption data, breakfast, lunch, and dinner times at the dining canteens are illustrated in Table 2 and Figure 5.  
In terms of breakfast, the second canteen has the highest number of diners, accounting for 50.3% of the total. This indicates that breakfast provided by the second canteen is the most popular choice among students. Following closely are the fifth and first canteens, with proportions of diners at 31.3% and 17.3%, respectively. The third and fourth canteens see almost negligible participation during breakfast. For lunch, the distribution of diners is more balanced. The fourth canteen leads with 27.6% of diners, followed by the fifth canteen at 22.6%. The second and third canteens account for 20.1% and 18.5%, respectively, while the first canteen lags behind with only 11.1%. The dinner attendance mirrors that of lunch, though there is a slightly more pronounced disparity in the distribution of diners. The fourth canteen again has the highest attendance, with 28.5%, followed closely by the second canteen at 21.9% and the fifth canteen at 21.2%. In contrast, the first and third canteens show less encouraging numbers, with market shares of just 11.2% and 17.2%, respectively. Based on this analysis, we offer the following suggestions for the canteens: First, the third and fourth canteens have minimal presence in the breakfast market. Therefore, it may be prudent to consider either reducing to a single service window or eliminating breakfast altogether to cut costs. Second, the first canteen is underperforming across breakfast, lunch, and dinner services. To improve its competitiveness, strategies such as reducing prices, diversifying the menu, and enhancing the dining environment could be beneficial. Finally, since the second and fifth canteens are popular, expanding their operations and adding more service windows could help alleviate the current dining pressure. The statistical analysis of consumption data indicates that the dining curves of the canteen on working days and non-working days are presented in Figures 6 and 7, respectively. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Meal** & **First** & **Second** & **Third** & **Fourth** & **Fifth** \\ \hline Breakfast & 11,285 & 33,075 & 534 & 124 & 20,594 \\ Lunch & 11,232 & 20,336 & 18,663 & 27,879 & 22,824 \\ Dinner & 8703 & 17,025 & 13,370 & 22,096 & 16,448 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Meal times in each canteen in meals. Figure 5: Pie chart of the proportion of dining locations in the meals. Statistical analysis of the consumption data reveals the cafeteria's dining patterns on and off weekdays, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. On weekdays, there are three distinct peak hours corresponding to breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The breakfast peak starts at 7:20 a.m. and ends at 7:50 a.m., with a peak at 7:25 a.m. The lunch peak is concentrated at 11:50 a.m., with a large number of diners 20 min before and after the peak; and the dinner peak is relatively smooth, lasting about 1.5 h before and after the peak, with a peak at 18:00. The lunch peak is concentrated at 11:50 a.m., with a large number of diners 20 min before and after the peak. In addition to these three significant peaks, it is worth noting that the graph shows a small peak in the second cafeteria at 9:35. In addition, at 16:20, not only the second cafeteria but also the fifth cafeteria showed a relatively significant minor peak. Figure 6: The curve of dining hours in the cafeteria on working days. Figure 7: Non-working day cafeteria dining hours curve. On rest days, breakfast service extends over a longer period, but the peak is less crowded. The peak times vary among the three most frequented canteens: the first canteen peaks at 8:50, the fifth at 7:35, and the second canteen consistently peaks between 7:30 and 9:10. Lunchtime peaks across all canteens occur between 11:30 and 12:00, with a secondary peak at the first canteen around 12:10.