## 2 Related Work  
Numerous research papers have been published in the literature focusing on VLC. A comprehensive survey of existing work on MIMO-VLC is conducted in [2], categorizing various MIMO techniques and providing brief descriptions of each, with a detailed discussion on the application of machine learning techniques in MIMO-VLC systems. The paper concludes by identifying future research directions for MIMO-based VLC systems. However, the study does not address the effects of ambient light interference, which is a critical factor for real-world implementations. The work in [13] presents a framework to demonstrate the impact of ambient light on VLC systems. The results show that as ambient light levels increase, the BER performance deteriorates, ultimately saturating the receiver. While an experimental setup is employed to observe these effects, with a hybrid structure consisting of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and analog circuits used to amplify photodiode current and reduce ambient light interference, the study has notable limitations. It does not explore the use of MIMO technology. Additionally, it lacks an analysis of different modulation schemes that may further improve performance under varying ambient light conditions. The article in [14] examines the effect of dynamic vehicular traffic density on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding BER performance of vehicle-to-vehicle VLC (V2V-VLC) systems. While the article provides insights into how traffic density affects communication performance, it does not consider the interference caused by ambient light, which is a significant factor in V2V-VLC systems. Additionally, the effects of using various modulation schemes on system performance under different traffic and lighting conditions are not explored. The performance of the MIMO-VLC system in data transmission is assessed by considering factors like distance from the source, data bit rate, and modulation technique, in [16]. While the analysis provides valuable insights into system performance, it does not consider the impact of ambient light interference, a significant challenge in VLC systems. Moreover, the effects of different modulation schemes on system resilience to ambient light interference are not addressed, limiting the study's applicability to real-world scenarios where such interference is common. In [17], the performance of an indoor VLC system was studied using NRZ-OOK modulation, considering OptiSystem, showing improved performance compared to RZ-OOK modulation. However, this work is limited by its focus solely on NRZ-OOK and RZ-OOK without considering more advanced modulation techniques. Additionally, the study does not explore the use of MIMO systems, which are known to enhance system capacity and robustness significantly. The study in [27] investigates the performance of an indoor VLC system using white LEDs modeled in OptiSystem. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through measurements of the quality factor and BER at varying data rates and link lengths. With a Q factor of 6.508, the system achieves a transmission rate of 1 GB/s over a distance of up to 3 m. However, the investigation focuses solely on NRZ-OOK modulation, limiting its scope by not considering other modulation schemes that could improve performance. While the study examines VLC performance under external ambient light influences, it lacks a detailed analysis of ambient light interference beyond the use of a rectangular optical filter, leaving room for further exploration of more advanced interference mitigation techniques. The study in [28] investigates multiple methods to suppress ambient light interference in the electronic, optical, communication, and wavelength domains, specifically focusing on VLC systems for vehicular communication. Designing transceivers for outdoor VLC systems is particularly challenging due to the dynamic nature of the environment and fluctuating interference from various ambient light sources.