# Study on Relay Contact Bounce Based on the Adaptive Weight Rotation Template Matching Algorithm
###### Abstract  
In order to analyze the relay action process from an imaging perspective and further investigate the bounce phenomenon of relay contacts during the contact process, this paper utilizes a high-speed shooting platform to capture images of relay action. In light of the situation where the stationary contact in the image is inclined and continuously changing, a rotation template matching algorithm based on adaptive weight is proposed. The algorithm identifies and obtains the inclination angle of the stationary contact, enabling the study of the relay contact bounce process. By extracting contact bounce distance data from the images, a bounce process curve is plotted. Combined with the analysis of the contact bounce process, the reasons for the bounce are explored. The results indicate that the proposed rotation template matching algorithm can accurately identify stationary contacts and their angles at different angles. By analyzing the contact status and bounce process of the relay contacts in conjunction with the relay structure, parameters such as the bounce time, bounce height, and time required to reach the maximum distance can be calculated. Additionally, the main reason for contact bounce in the relay studied in this paper is the limitation imposed on the continued movement of the stationary contact by the presence of the relay brackets when the kinetic energy of the contact is too high. This phenomenon occurs during the first vibration peak in the vibration process after the moving contact contacts the stationary contact. The research results provide a reference for further studying the relay contact bounce process, optimizing relay structure, and suppressing contact bounce. relay; contact bounce; adaptive weight; rotational template matching; image processing Article  
Study on Relay Contact Bounce Based on the  
Rotation Template Matching Algorithm  
[PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], X.  
bounce characteristics and behavior by building a kinetic model of the contact bounce of a relay, contactor, and other switching appliances and adopting the method of multi-physics field simulation and calculations. [PERSON] et al. [10; 11; 12] studied the contact bounce of a relay by building an experimental device and testing the related parameters. [PERSON] et al. [13; 14; 15] proposed a new approach to the contact bounce of an AC relay from the perspective of optimizing the system structure and the control process; they proposed a suppression strategy for AC contactor bounce. [PERSON] et al. [16; 17; 18] analyzed the contactor bounce behavior law by ADAMS simulation and optimized it with an algorithm. [PERSON] et al. [19] also proposed a bounce optimization algorithm to reduce contact bounce by optimizing the control signal. However, current research on contact bounce primarily relies on simulation analysis, often complemented by voltage data collection and displacement sensors for validation. It remains challenging to accurately grasp the true motion of contacts throughout the entire process. Additionally, voltage data collection is limited in its ability to analyze the bounce distance during the rebound process, as it can only calculate bounce time. The application scope of displacement sensors is somewhat restricted, making accurate measurements difficult in certain situations. Machine vision technology, utilizing high-speed cameras to capture images and combining them with image processing techniques, offers a comprehensive analysis of various aspects such as time and distance. In recent years, it has gradually become one of the mainstream methods in relay research [20; 21; 22]. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to utilize machine vision technology to capture and recognize images of cylindrical contact points in relays. Through image processing, the aim is to obtain the positions and angles of the contact points.