Application of PCSWMM for the 1-D and 1-D-2-D Modeling of Urban Flooding in Damansara Catchment, Malaysia  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universitat Tenaaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.M.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.M.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.B. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.J.) [PERSON]  
2 School of Engineering, Faculty of Science Engineering & Built Environment, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
[PERSON]  
1 Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universitat Tenaaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.M.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.M.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.B. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.J.) [PERSON]  
1 Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universitat Tenaaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.M.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.M.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.B. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.J.) [PERSON]  
1 Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universitat Tenaaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.M.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.M.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.B. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.J.) [PERSON]  
1 Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universitat Tenaaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (L.M.S. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.M.A. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (H.B. );  
[EMAIL_ADDRESS] (A.S.J.) Footnote 1: email: [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
Footnote 2: email: [EMAIL_ADDRESS]  
Footnote 3: email: ch  
were reported within the Damansara catchment in 2015, the summary statistics of which are shown in Table 1. Commonly, two types of flooding, namely fluvial floods (river floods) and pluvial floods (surface water floods), possibly occur following intense or prolonged rainfall. The former fluvial flood occurs when a river exceeds its capacity and overflows its bank. In contrast, the pluvial flood is distinguished by a surface water flood caused by insufficient drainage capacity. The Malaysian government has raised concerns over the urban flooding issues and much attention has been given to the flood mitigation and drainage system upgrading works, particularly around Kampung Melayu Subang [9]. Flood forecasting is the key non-structural measure for flood mitigation that has been recently implemented worldwide, typically involving an integrated hydrologic-hydraulic modeling approach. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is a widely used urban stormwater model developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) [10]. SWMM has a wide range of applications, including hydrologic impact assessment [11; 12; 13; 14; 15], catchment discretization [16], runoff quantity and quality modeling for short- or long-term periods [17; 18; 19], and urban floods and drainage modeling [20; 21; 22; 23; 24]. However, the lack of spatial interface poses tremendous challenges to SWMM models due to the complexity of urban areas. Hence, a commercial version of SWMM known as Personal Computer Storm Water Management Model (PCSWMM) is used, incorporating a stand-alone Geographic Information System (GIS) for integrated 1-D-2-D and quasi-2-D modeling. The reliability and efficiency of PCSWMM have garnered popularity in many countries, such as Korea [25], Cambodia [26; 27], Norway [28], China [29], Thailand [30], the United States [31], Australia [32], the Philippines [33], and India [34]. In Malaysia, SWMM modeling with PCSWMM is less commonly done, though [PERSON] et al. [35] and [PERSON] et al. [36] used a different version of the stormwater modelling tool, XPSWMM, developed by XP Solutions to investigate the hydrological and hydraulic characteristics of the Aur River and Jeluh River catchments, respectively. This study, thus, aimed to provide the basis for flood modeling and risk mapping using PCSWMM. In this framework, PCSWMM was applied for the simulation of 2015 historical urban flood events in the Damansara catchment. The model's performance was evaluated through the 1-D river flow modeling and 1-D-2-D drainage overflow modeling.