# Creep Properties and Creep Modelling of Guilin Red Clay
## 1 Introduction
[11] carried out a graded loading creep test on open pit mine slip zone soil and established a fractional order damage creep model based on fractional order calculus and damage mechanics theory. [PERSON] et al. [12] obtained the shear strength of red clay using triaxial consolidation and a drainage shear test and obtained the strain-time curve using a creep test on red clay under graded loading, establishing a creep model of red clay based on the Burgers model. [PERSON] et al. [13] studied the creep behaviour of IMT (interactive marine-terrestrial) sedimentary soil in Ningbo using a triaxial drainage creep test and then established a triaxial creep model describing the IMT sedimentary soil by applying fractal order theory. [PERSON] et al. [14] used the slip zone soil of a landslide near the Jinping hydropower station as their research object and carried out an indoor triaxial creep test to describe the creep behaviour of IMT sedimentary soil, establishing the Burgers creep model. [PERSON] et al. [15] proposed a viscoplastic model to describe the creep properties of soils and compared the simulation results with experimental data, which met the conditions for application. [PERSON] et al. [16] introduced the Almeida fractional derivative into the classical elastic-viscoelastic model and established a new soft soil model. In order to establish a new soft soil fractional order creep model, the model calculation results and the experimental results needed to have good consistency between them and, compared with the traditional model, the model had higher accuracy and convenience. Focusing on the creep characteristics of red clay, [PERSON] et al. [17] studied the effect of densification on the creep characteristics of red clay in the Changsha area. [PERSON] et al. [18] carried out triaxial creep tests under suction control conditions to study the creep characteristics and long-term strength of unsaturated red clay in the Shaanxi region. [PERSON] et al. [19] conducted an unconsolidated and undrained creep test of sludge-solidified soil under a freeze-thaw cycle and established a creep model of sludge-solidified soil and a long-term strength prediction formula, which considered the effect of a freeze-thaw cycle. [PERSON] et al. [20] studied the creep properties of soil in the sliding zone of a loess landslide under different moisture contents, analysed the influence of moisture contents on the creep properties of loess, and obtained the long-term strength of the loess using the isochronal curve method. [PERSON] et al. [21] established a hyperbolic creep prediction model using a self-made coarse-grained soil filler unit model test system to carry out a series of two-dimensional creep tests. For the mechanical properties of red clay in the Guilin region, [PERSON] et al. [22] investigated the effect of water content on the shear strength of red clay and determined and classified the content and type of adsorbed bound water in red clay,which elucidated the microscopic mechanism by which bound water affects the strength properties of red clay. [PERSON] et al. [23] studied the shear strength and compressibility of red clay in different concentrations of a (NH4)2 CO3 solution. In summary, scientists at home and abroad have studied one-dimensional and three-dimensional creep tests of soil and established creep models. The test methods and expressions adopted by scholars at home and abroad are different, but there are three problems in the above research results: (1) The research on the mechanical properties of Guilin red clay soil has achieved certain results mainly based on some conventional tests such as direct shear test. (2) At present, the test results of soil creep are mainly concentrated on slip zone soil, sandy soil, soft soil, and other fields, and the research on Guilin red clay is extremely rare, especially for the deformation and strength change in Guilin red clay sites during long-term operation. (3) The parameter identification of the constructed model is complex and difficult to understand.