## 1 Introduction  
In 2017, the transport sector accounted for 27% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union [1]. Valencia's Sustainable Climate and Energy Action Plan states that over 50% of CO\({}_{2}\) emissions come from private and commercial transportation [2]. Highlighting the significance of this study, the Basic Mobility Plan of the metropolitan area of Valencia revealed that 40% of trips in the community are concentrated in the metropolitan area, with only 13% using public transportation compared to 41% opting for private cars [3]. Integrating theory and practice aims to propose practical measures for carbon emission reduction in transportation. Drawing insights from prominent works on sustainable urban mobility that have seen significant advancements [4], a literature review identifies a critical gap concerning the metropolitan area of Valencia--the absence of localized, high-resolution strategies for identifying and prioritizing displacements with high decarbonization potential [5]. Previous authors [6] offer valuable insights into broader considerations of sustainable mobility; however, addressing the specific needs of the Valencia metropolitan area remains an ongoing challenge. [PERSON] [7] address this gap by analyzing the mobility sector and its relevance to the healthcare sector. This includes analyzing public transportation accessibility through GTFS [8] and using open data to underscore the importance of these aspects [9]. These references, along with others mentioned earlier, lay the groundwork for a localized and context-specific approach to sustainable urban mobility in the Valencia metropolitan area. Recent studies have shown significant advancements in the field of sustainable urban transportation, particularly in the areas of electrification and smart mobility technologies. For instance, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has been a major focus, with studies highlighting the impact of EVs on reducing urban emissions [10; 11]. Additionally, the development of smart grid infrastructures to support EV charging has been documented as a critical factor in enhancing the feasibility and efficiency of electric mobility [12]. Furthermore, the implementation of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) has demonstrated substantial improvements in traffic management and energy efficiency. Recent research indicates that ITSs can significantly reduce congestion and emissions by optimizing traffic flow and providing real-time information to commuters [13]. These technologies enable more efficient use of existing transportation networks, thereby contributing to sustainability goals [14]. In the realm of policy, the European Green Deal has set ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable urban mobility. Recent policy analyses have explored the implications of these targets for urban transportation systems across Europe [15; 16]. National policies, influenced by the Green Deal, are being implemented to enhance public transportation, expand cycling infrastructure, and support the transition to electric mobility [17]. Studies from countries like Germany and the Netherlands provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of these policies. For example, Germany's National Platform for the Future of Mobility has outlined comprehensive strategies to integrate various modes of transport and promote sustainable urban mobility [18]. These policies serve as models for other regions aiming to achieve similar sustainability goals, demonstrating that well-designed policy frameworks can significantly drive urban transportation toward sustainability [19]. Despite the substantial body of research on sustainable urban transportation, several critical gaps remain unaddressed. First, while numerous studies have focused on the potential of electric vehicles (EVs) and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) to reduce emissions, there is a lack of high-resolution spatial analyses that evaluate the decarbonization potential at the metropolitan level.