## 2 The Present Issue  
A study in this Special Issue reported the \(\beta\)1-blocking activity of 5,8-dimethyl-\(9H\)-carbazol-3-yl ethyl carbonate and its derivatives. In particular, two of these derivatives, 1-methyl-\(1H\)-indol-5-yl-but-2-ynoate and indol-5-yl-but-2-ynoate, emerged as potential counteracting agents against ISO-dependent in vitro cardiac hypertrophy. The data are promising as they were obtained using lower concentrations than those of the traditional \(\beta\)-AR antagonist propranolol. Following molecular docking studies, the authors tested these molecules by bioassays in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to isoproterenol (ISO) to confirm their potential as \(\beta\)1-blocking agents and their activity at low doses, along with their limited side effects [1]. Some studies suggest that many carbazole derivatives could be promising anticancer agents. According to some studies, their effects could also be due to the involvement of the JAK/STAT pathway. According to literature data, some carbazoles could act by downregulating STAT proteins, mostly STAT-3, also affecting interleukins and \(i\)-NOS production. Several researchers have evaluated the STAT inhibitory activity of different carbazoles, such as carbamazepine, 2-hydroxycarbazole, mahanine, 7-hydroxy-1-methyl-9\(H\)-carbazol-2-yl 5-(dimethylamino)-naphthalene-1-sulfonate, EC-70124, Lestaurtinib, and some series of \(N\)-alkylcarbazoles, 1,4-dimethyl-carbazoles, 9\(H\)-carbazole-1-carboxamides, and carbazol carbonitrifies, reporting promising results [2]. Other important work has reported the anticancer activity of a series of nitrocarbazoles. One of the latter compounds, namely 2-nitro-1,4-di-\(p\)-tolyl-9\(H\)-carbazole, exhibited good anticancer activity against two breast cancer cell lines, i.e., ER(+) MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA-MB-231, with IC\({}_{50}\) values of 7 \(\pm\) 1.0 and 11.6 \(\pm\) 0.8 \(\upmu\)M, respectively. Furthermore, this compound did not interfere with the growth of the normal cell line MCF-10A (human mammary epithelial cell line). In vitro immunofluorescence studies and docking simulations demonstrated the ability of the 2-nitrocarbazole derivative to interfere with tubulin organization, a feature that results in triggering MCF-7 cell death by apoptosis [3]. Several research groups have extensively studied the involvement of carbazole derivatives, of synthetic or natural origin, in diabetes pathways. From the analysis of these studies it was shown that \(N\)-substitution, on the carbazole scaffold, by triazinic-, as in 1-((5,6-di(furan-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio)-3-(3,6-dibromo-9\(H\)-carbazol-9-yl)propan-2-ol, or triazolic moieties, as in 2-(4-((9\(H\)-carbazol-9-yl)methyl)-1\(H\)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone, favors \(\alpha\)-glucosidase inhibitory activity; the presence of cyclic sulfonamide, as in 2-(3-(9\(H\)-carbazol-9-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)isothiazoline-1,1-dioxide, or cyclic urea groups, as in 1-(3-(3,6-difluoro-9\(H\)-carbazol-9-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)imidazolidin-2-one, modulates cryptochrome activity; the presence of ethylphenoxy groups, as in Chigltiazar, improves insulin sensitivity; hydrogenation of a ring of the carbazole core promotes the hypoglycemic effect via the AMPK pathway, as in 6-(benzyloxy)-9-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1\(H\)-carbazole-3-carboxylic acid, and the tetracyclic system, as in machine derivatives, is crucial in glucose uptake and translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and adipocyte cells. Furthermore, compounds with a high conjugation effect, such as bisgerayafoline D, show predominant antioxidant activity. The data reported could provide an important guide reference for the development of alternative and effective antidiabetic agents [4]. Lastly, considering the pandemic period that has affected everyone's life since 2020, some authors reported the latest carbazole therapeutic strategies for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.