###### Abstract
Therefore, it is necessary to establish a better scientific construction safety evaluation index system for bridges across the Yellow River, reasonably evaluate the construction safety risk level of bridges across the Yellow River, adopt an intuitive way to reflect the results of risk evaluations, and take corresponding control measures for high-risk-level indexes in time to ensure the absolute safety of bridge construction. [PERSON] [5] proposed a hierarchical analysis (AHP)-fuzzy set theory risk evaluation method based on uncertainty factors in bridge construction and successfully applied the method to a bridge construction project. [PERSON] [6] developed an expert system for fuzzy bridge construction risk assessment using genetic algorithms combined with neural networks. [PERSON] [7] proposed the HYRISK model for bridge erosion risk assessment, which was used to determine the probability of bridge erosion risk occurrence and the magnitude of the resulting loss. In their paper, data from the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) of the United States were used to successfully assess the erosion risk of a bridge in New York State. [PERSON] [8] introduced the cloud model theory into the construction risk assessment of the Xuankengkou Bridge, taking into account the randomness and fuzziness of the risk assessment. In order to address the concern that a single risk evaluation method is too subjective or objective, [PERSON] [9] proposed a new method of bridge construction risk evaluation by combining the assignment method with fuzzy mathematics. [PERSON] [10] proposed an entropy method-topologic theory model to evaluate the probability level of bridge construction risks and formulated relevant preventive measures in advance according to the results of risk evaluation. [PERSON] et al. [11] used two methods, Monte Carlo simulation and fuzzy mathematics-fault tree analysis, to accurately quantify the probability of failure during the construction of an arch bridge. [PERSON] et al. [12] identified the major defects of in-service reinforced concrete girder bridges and established a safety risk probability model for major defects using the great likelihood estimation method and Kolmogorov's test and introduced [PERSON]'s human error analysis method into the field of in-service bridge safety risk assessment. [PERSON] [13] used the theory of a network analysis method to establish a safety risk evaluation model for the construction of a large-span cable-stayed bridge and combined this with the TOPSIS evaluation method to evaluate the safety risk level of large-span cable-stayed bridge construction. [PERSON] [14] proposed a risk assessment method for PC cable-stayed bridge construction based on event tree analysis, the F-A-M risk probability assessment method, and the improved LEC method, taking into account the characteristics of PC cable stayed bridge construction. [PERSON] et al. [15] used the WBS-RBS method, constructed a hierarchical structure of five main risk dimensions, used the expert scoring method to obtain risk assessment data samples, and combined the hierarchical analysis method with gray system theory to evaluate the risk factors in bridge superstructure construction. The risk evaluation results are consistent with the bridge construction status. In the actual evaluation process, the existing bridge construction safety risk assessment method has the disadvantages of an incomplete index system, index weights that do not match with the actual project, relatively rough assessment results that cannot accurately reflect the actual project status, etc. Therefore, based on the summary of the existing assessment methods, this paper innovatively proposes a highway bridge construction safety risk assessment method based on the combined weighting method and two-dimensional cloud model and successfully applies it to construction risk assessment of the Jiaoping Expressway.