## 1 Introduction  
Despite the growing awareness of climate change, anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are still set to increase [1], which is mainly due to rapid urbanisation coupled with increased migration, material production and energy consumption. If left unabated, the continuous warming of the earth could lead to catastrophic consequences. Alarmed by this present and future instability, many countries around the world are now pushing for sustainable design to be incorporated into new infrastructures. Moreover,countries are gearing up for more ambitious environmental targets that are aimed at mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change by considering various dimensions of sustainability in the planning, design and assessment of infrastructures. Sustainable solutions for meeting the net-zero emission targets include technologies that are used for renewable energy source capture and storage, energy efficiency measures and energy policies and frameworks. At present, the implementation of such solutions is primarily only concentrated and well adopted at an individual buildings/facilities/infrastructure level, in which technologies and measures are freely initiated by individual owners [2]. This approach may promote self-sustainability; however, there may be individual buildings that face design constraints that could limit their ability to contribute to and comply with overall sustainability targets. Instead of the individual buildings approach, a community/neighbourhood-level approach for energy master planning (EMP) could offer more benefits [2; 3; 4]. However, while there are existing methods for energy technology screening, most are not applied at the community level, the indicators or criteria are not usually utilised or regarded in EMP and there are limitations to the analysis of the technologies and policy linkages [3; 5; 6; 7; 8]. Integrated community EMP is not only crucial in the selection of appropriate renewable energy (RE) or energy-efficient (EE) technologies for implementation, but also in the mapping out of target achievements that are based on that community's environmental, social and economic targets. This study aimed to develop a structured technology assessment approach for an EMP and a conceptual design stage based on the triple bottom line (3 BL) context. The suitability and perceived benefits of a standardised technology assessment approach were demonstrated through a case study on the residential precinct of Fishermans Bend (FB) Urban Renewal Project in Melbourne, Australia. Various supporting policies and incentives were also identified that could facilitate smooth and fast energy transition. Finally, the suitability of the recommended alternative scenarios and technologies for meeting both the goals of the city and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) was explored. The introduced approach could provide important guiding principles and a standard methodology for technology assessment that fulfils sustainability targets at the community level. Moreover, it could facilitate the achievement of energy and emission goals at the community level. The approach also allows for the analysis of the business as usual (BAU) model and other sustainability pillar scenarios. The results could inform the selection of the optimal RE and EE technology mix, which is expected to contribute towards achieving a greater sustainability goal for the city and the country. Furthermore, it could serve as a tool to help to prioritise and integrate sustainable initiatives into the development and policy plans of cities and countries across the globe. Specifically, the introduced approach could guide planners, decision makers, business owners and stakeholders in the early stages of energy master planning and design. In the following section, the state-of-the-art EMP process is reviewed and current developments, existing gaps and potential future solutions are identified.