# Blockchain-Based Model to Improve the Performance of the Next-Generation Digital Supply Chain
## 2 Related Study
Their goal was to evaluate the utility of blockchains in the supply chain domain and to lay the groundwork for practitioners and researchers to focus their future projects on improving the technology and its applications [16]. A blockchain-IoT-based food traceability system (BIFTS) was proposed by [PERSON] et al. The authors integrated the novel deployment of blockchain, IoT technology, and fuzzy logic into a total traceability shelf-life management system for perishable food management. Lightweight and vaporized characteristics were deployed in the blockchain to address the needs for food traceability, while an integrated consensus mechanism that considered shipment transit time, stakeholder assessment, and shipment volume was developed. The blockchain data flow was then synchronized with the deployment of IoT technologies at the level of traceable resource units [17]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a method for tracking and tracing soybeans across the agricultural supply chain that used the Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts to efficiently perform business transactions. Their proposed solution eliminates the need for a trusted centralized authority, intermediaries, and transaction records, resulting in increased efficiency and safety while maintaining high integrity, reliability, and security. The proposed solution focused on the use of smart contracts to govern and control all interactions and transactions between all stakeholders in the supply chain ecosystem. All transactions were recorded and stored in the blockchain's immutable ledger with links to a decentralized file system (IPFS), thus providing to all a high level of transparency and traceability into the supply chain ecosystem in a secure, trusted, reliable, and efficient manner [18]. Current academic and industrial frontiers on blockchain application in the supply chain, logistics, and transportation management were presented by [PERSON] et al. The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature and discover four major clusters in the co-citation analysis: technology, trust, trade, and traceability/transparency. They used an inductive method of reasoning to discuss the emerging themes and applications of blockchains for supply chains, logistics, and transportation for each cluster, based on the pool of articles included in it. Finally, they went over the main topics for future blockchain research and its applications in industry and services [19]. [PERSON] et al. presented a framework based on four established economic theories, namely principal-agent theory (PAT), transaction cost analysis (TCA), the resource-based view (RBV), and network theory. The authors discussed closing the current research gap on the potential implications of the blockchain for supply chain management (SCM) (NT). These theories can be used to generate research questions that were both theory-based and industry-relevant [20]. [PERSON] et al. conducted a systematic review to find the applications of blockchain technology in the manufacturing industries and its associated supply chain. They touched on various parameters for evaluation of social and economic performance. They discussed the benefits of employing blockchain technology in the sustainable process of manufacturing. They also proposed a model that illustrates how blockchain technology can contribute to sustainable manufacturing [21]. [PERSON] et al. studied the distinctions between traditional and blockchain supported food supply chain networks in the domain of agri-food. They identified the major coordination mechanisms that are supported differently depending on the selected blockchain platform types, based on an extensive literature exploration. The findings were then compared to agri-food industry use cases. The authors claimed that the properties of supply chain coordination mechanisms vary based on the blockchain platform chosen, and that the chosen platform has an impact on the economic performance of the proposed business model [22]. [PERSON] et al.