# The Impacts of Open Data and eXplainable AI on Real Estate Price Predictions in Smart Cities
## 4 Discussion
### Quality of Life and Well-Being  
The SHAP summary plots in Figure 4 provide nuanced insights into the predictive power of different features within our XGBoost model for real estate pricing. Focusing on the quality of life and well-being features--Culture, Commerce, Education (Schoolsand University), Health, Leisure (Sports), and Environment (Parks and Trees)--we can understand their significance in the context of the broader real estate market. Starting with Culture, the beeswarm plot shows a broad spread of SHAP values, indicating that proximity to cultural amenities significantly impacts property values. However, the varied range of impact across the dataset suggests that not all cultural amenities are valued equally. The dense clusters at higher SHAP values point to a non-linear relationship, suggesting that specific cultural facilities may carry more weight in the valuation process. The Commerce feature shows a moderate average SHAP value with a concentrated cluster of points. This pattern indicates that while the distance to shopping facilities is generally valued, its impact on property prices is consistent and less variable than Culture. It suggests a baseline value attributed to convenience but implies that additional proximity to commerce does not significantly increase property value at a certain point. Education-related features (School and University) have a positive impact, yet the SHAP values spread is narrower than for Culture. This effect indicates a more uniform valuation of educational proximity, which could be tied to the consistent demand for accessibility to educational institutions from specific market segments, like families and long-term investors. While showing a consistent positive effect, the distance to Health facilities has a mid-lower average impact on property values, as evidenced by the SHAP values. The plot reveals a positive yet plateauing effect, which suggests that while health facility proximity is important, it might be a basic expectation in specific markets, beyond which its value does not significantly increase. Leisure (Sports) facilities exhibit a range of SHAP values, but overall, their impact on property prices is more muted than other features. The beeswarm plot suggests variability, where the significance of sports facilities can be relatively high for some properties but not others, perhaps reflecting personal preferences or the saturation of such amenities in certain areas. The environmental features, particularly proximity to parks and the presence of Trees, show generally positive SHAP values. However, there is a concentration of points toward the lower end of the impact scale, indicating that while green spaces are beneficial and contribute to property desirability, they may be less influential than the property's size or energy performance. The Global Summary plot reinforces the perception that quality of life and well-being features, while positively contributing to real estate prices, are not the top predictors. The color intensity in the beeswarm plot, which could correlate with the feature value, suggests that higher or lower values of these features have varying degrees of impact on price predictions. In synthesizing these observations, we see that features associated with quality of life and well-being are indeed valued in the real estate market, but their influence is often secondary to intrinsic property characteristics such as size and location. For developers and policymakers, this underscores the importance of creating balanced environments that cater to both the physical quality of the living spaces and the well-being of the residents. Our findings align with the study by [PERSON] (2023) [21], which offers insightful observations in discussing the influence of POIs on housing prices. It reveals that a high density of POIs generally acts as a stimulant for housing prices, suggesting that a wide variety of local amenities and services can enhance the attractiveness of a neighborhood.