# An Observation Scheduling System for Radio Telescope Array
## 4 Main Function Testing
### uv Coverage Test and Analysis  
Given the limited number of antennas in the telescope array at Guizhou Normal University, there is little significance in testing and evaluating the quality of _uv_ coverage for different array configurations within this array. Consequently, this paper mainly focuses on testing the quality of _uv_ coverage of the telescope array to be upgraded in the future and other commonly used array configurations, aiming to prove that _uv_ coverage has the function of optimizing array configurations. To evaluate the quality of _uv_ coverage and identify the optimal configuration for the telescope array, we calculate both the total and effective areas of the _uv_ plot using _uv_ coordinates. The coverage ratio is determined by dividing the effective area by the total area. The configuration that yields the highest coverage ratio is deemed the optimal telescope array layout. Figure 10 illustrates the upgraded telescope array configuration we intend to build in Liupanshui City, whose center position is located at longitude 104.70\({}^{\circ}\) and latitude of +26.45\({}^{\circ}\)[24; 25; 26]. The transformation of this center position to the position in the equatorial coordinate system is (X = \(-\)1449.91, Y = 5528.14, Z = 2825.79) in km. Here, the equatorial coordinate system can be observed in Figure 6, and its introduction can be found in Section 3.4. In this coordinate system, the signs of the transformed points' values on the  
Figure 8: Intelligent scheduling prediction result. Figure 9: Calibration Source Trajectory Prediction Fitting Diagram. X and Y axes depend on the longitude. For \(0^{\circ}<\) longitude \(\leq 90^{\circ}\), both \(X\) and \(Y\) are positive; for \(90^{\circ}<\) longitude \(\leq 180^{\circ}\), \(X<0\) and \(Y>0\); for \(180^{\circ}<\) longitude \(\leq 270^{\circ}\), both \(X\) and \(Y\) are negative; for \(270^{\circ}<\) longitude \(\leq 360^{\circ}\), \(X>0\) and \(Y<0\). The sign of the transformed point's value on the Z-axis depends solely on the latitude. When latitude \(>0\), \(Z>0\); otherwise, \(Z<0\). The longitude (\(104.70^{\circ}\)) of the upgraded telescope array's center is greater than \(90^{\circ}\) and less than \(180^{\circ}\), and its latitude (\(+26.45^{\circ}\)) is greater than \(0^{\circ}\). Consequently, for points centered on this, the transformed X values are all negative, while the Y values are all positive; see Figure 10. This upgraded telescope array contains 49 antennas and the diameter of each antenna is 4.5 m. Taking into account the local traffic and network construction conditions, we follow the sightseeing road in the Yeyuhai Scenic Area of Liupanshui and keep away from the relevant construction land. There are 49 point positions that have been selected as candidate locations for the antennas of the upgraded array. With this array, we perform a series of observation simulations for the celestial target \(0316+413\) (RA = 03 h 19 m 48.16 s, DEC = 41 d 30 m 42.1 s), beginning at 00 h:00 m:00 s on 1 May 2023, and lasting for durations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The integration time of each duration of observation was set at 5 min. Our simulations produced six sets of \(uv\) coverage data. For each dataset, we first determine the minimum baseline using the formula \(\sqrt{(u_{1}-u_{2})^{2}+(v_{1}-v_{2})^{2}}\), where \((u_{1},v_{1})\) and \((u_{2},v_{2})\) are coordinates of two distinct points within the dataset's \(uv\) plane. The square of this minimum baseline is then taken as the unit area. Next, the effective area is calculated by multiplying the unit area by the number of \(uv\) points. The total area (\(A_{\text{total}}\)) is derived by finding the difference between the maximum and minimum \(uv\) values in each dimension and multiplying these differences: \(A_{\text{total}}=(u_{\text{max}}-u_{\text{min}})\times(v_{\text{max}}-v_{\text {min}})\). The coverage ratio is finally calculated as the ratio of the effective area to the total area [17].