# Internet of Things in Marine Environment Monitoring: A Review
## 3 A Review of Existing Marine Environment Monitoring Projects and Systems
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Reference** & **Country** & **Sensing Parameters** & **Comm. Protocols** & **Buoy** & **Energy Harvesting** & **Key Features (including Testing and Deployment0 \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [49] & China & T, humidity and salinity &? & AUV &? &? & Ring Broadcast Mechanism is used to guide searching direction of sensor nodes; providing sets-adaptive dynamic routing mechanism to search the alternative path \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [50] & UK & T, P, salinity, oxygen level & Acoustic & \begin{tabular}{c} Anchors with \\ acoustic anchors \\ \end{tabular} & Solar & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [50] & UK & T, P, humidity, optical, distance, \\  & & sound, magnetic field, motion & Acoustic & \begin{tabular}{c} Autoemous surface \\ vehicle (\(\lambda\)SV) \\ \end{tabular} & No & \begin{tabular}{c} Implementation of the TDAM-MAC protocol in practice, and \\ practical issues prompted several social modifications to \\ the TDAM-MAC protocol \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [52] & China & Water T, P, salinity and PH & Acoustic & Buoy &? &? & \begin{tabular}{c} Underwater positioning algorithm of detecting anchor nodes and the self-equiring localization algorithm based on anchor nodes failure \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Application Area: Water Quality Monitoring**} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [53] & USA & PH & RF and acoustic & PVC housing & No & Various interface circuits; Si-based sensor nodes; lab testing only \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [54] & USA & T, pH, and DO & 43 MHz & Box and polyethylene ring & No & A LakeNet sensor pad and an adored sampling strategy; tested a prototype in a small lake \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [55] & Ireland & T, pH, turbidity, DO and conductivity & ZigBee & Inshore sensor buoys & Solar & A multi-line heterogeneous water quality monitoring; deployed in five sites on the flyer; Iceland \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [6] & Ireland & T, conductivity and depth &? & Buoys &? & \begin{tabular}{c} A multi-modal environment monitoring network based on \\ WSN and visual image- tested in River Lee, Peschberg \\ Martira and Gabay Bay \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [57] & Cypress & T, P, salinity and turbidity & GFSS & \begin{tabular}{c} Cylinder waterproof \\ buoy \\ \end{tabular} & No & \begin{tabular}{c} Integrated satellite remote sensing and WSN; deployed in \\ a beach \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [58] & China & T, pH, DO, and salinity & ZigBee GPS &? & No & An early WSN-based water monitoring system \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [59] & Kuwait & Water T, DO, and pH & ZigBee 802.11 &? & Solar & Used ZigBee and 802.11 and a high capacity solar panel; tested in a pool \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [60] & Italy & T, salinity, conductivity, & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ \end{tabular} & GFSS & Self-sufficient buoy &? & \begin{tabular}{c} Two different probe solutions for field covering tested in \\ Apollo region \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [61] & USA & T, P, pH, light and conductivity & 900 MHz & Watertight housing & No & Deployed in Monterey Bay \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [62] & Indonesia & T, OBP, pH, Electrical &? & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Remotely Operated \\ Vehicle, buoy \\ \end{tabular} & No &
\begin{tabular}{c} Remotely Operated Vehicles with water quality sensors; Big Data analysis \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont_.