## 4 Discussion  
We focused on a comprehensive investigation of the impact of metal prostheses (metal boxes), primarily on dose profiles and PDDs. We used TOPAS MC simulations. We dedicated ourselves to the study by focusing on professional practice in Slovakia's hospital setting. The AAPM RT TG 63 [3] report discusses the problem of a high atomic number of hip prostheses in patients receiving radiotherapy treatment in the pelvic region. It is noted that prostheses can lead to differences in the dose, consequently impacting the treatment's results. The research also highlights the need for more scientific comprehension and methodology in clinically measuring radiation doses for these individuals. Nevertheless, numerous other studies have been released that specifically examine this matter. Considering theoretical assumptions and investigations in metal implants, it is imperative to prioritize locations where metal replacements are present. Designing the radiation therapy treatment for patients with metal implants is a complex task, as the presence of the implant affects how the radiation dose is distributed. The issue's historical origins can be traced back to 1984, when [PERSON] et al. [22] documented notable alterations in the dose distribution with exposure to metal restorations. Specific implants induced the alterations using 8 MV gamma beams (Cobalt) in the treatment. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [23] found that 25 MV X-ray beams had an average dose decrease of 2%, whereas Cobalt had a 5% reduction. The magnitude of the disturbance is contingent upon the specific model and composition of the implant, as well as the energy level of the radiation beam being used. Hence, it is imperative to possess knowledge of a particular implant, precisely the technique employed for dose calculation. Accuracy is crucial in radiation therapy when calculating doses using algorithms. The uniformity of the surroundings significantly influences the estimation of the dose. When there is a disruption, the significance of algorithms in the computation becomes even more crucial, particularly when it comes to metal implants. The accuracy of the algorithms used to calculate the dose in the field of hip prostheses is directly related to the complexity of the physical modeling of the processes. One notable limitation of the superposition method occurs at interfaces where there are distinct atomic numbers. This limitation is supported by our experimental findings, which align with the results reported in the study conducted by [PERSON] et al. [24]. One possible option to address these restrictions is to introduce nuclei produced in other media [23] or to apply the modifications proposed by [25; 26]. Using a Monte Carlo approach, [PERSON] et al. [27] examined the impact of artefacts produced by metallic materials from three commonly used prosthetic materials (Ti alloys, stainless steel, and Co-Cr-Mo) on dose estimation. During the calculation, they utilized the sinogram interpolation approach to rectify metal artefacts and subsequently assessed their influence. They acquired data demonstrating 11% differences in the prostate region when using bilateral hip endoprosthesis made from Co-Cr-Mo material. For patients with one-sided endoprosthesis, it is advisable to refrain from threading the bundle across the specified region. For bilateral endoprosthesis cases, employing the sinogram interpolation correction algorithm is advisable to compensate for artefacts in the beam going through the affected area. If any bundles traverse the region impacted by the artefact, the correction method should be applied, even for individuals with unilateral endoprosthesis. Four fundamental strategies are employed in the realm of radiation therapy for patient exposure using photon beams: 3D Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT), forward Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (fIMRT), Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Techniques are selected according to the extent of the exposed area.