## 1 Introduction  
The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the general public's attention to digital solutions and brought immense demand to the telecommunications market. The convergence of 5G technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) [1] is the next natural step for two advanced technologies developed to make the lives of their users more accessible, more comfortable, and more productive [2]. One of the most standard technologies to be brought into the mainstream area is 5G, which will allow for new business opportunities by being complemented with Industry 4.0, IoT devices, and Smart Cities and improve overall connectivity around the globe [3]. The Internet of Things is an ecosystem of increasing complexity: a universe of connected things capable of capturing critical data and carrying out advanced analysis using cloud-based functionalities to extract valuable information. This technology poses a great opportunity for a multitude of actors in all sectors of activity [4]. Many companies are organizing to focus on IoT and connectivity when developing their products and services of the future. Deployment costs, range, interference, and capabilities of Internet of Things devices are all factors in identifying the right primary or complementary connectivity option for an IoT deployment. Wi-Fi 6 or Zigbee is adequate for some elements of smart building controls but useless for highly mobile wide-area use [5]. Additionally, endpoints such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, RFID, or Wi-Fi can be significantly more cost effective in scenarios where 5G may be available but has not yet reached a significant market scale to do competitive endpoints or network services [6]. Technical studies [7] show that 5G and other services can coexist in specific frequency bands. The technical conditions must be adequately adapted and not excessively restrictive; otherwise, there is a risk of affecting the costs, coverage, and quality of operation of 5G services. There is great interest in the new applications of mobile technology merging 5G and the Internet of Things technologies. In the design of new applications or technological accessories using 5G and the Internet of Things, compliance with the permitted exposure limits are contemplated. International exposure guidelines have been developed due to extensive research carried out over many decades. All the analyses carried out by independent public health authorities, expert groups, and the World Health Organization (WHO) agree that these guidelines guarantee protection for all people against any health danger [8]. As with all technological generations, 5G dramatically improves energy efficiency department and speed rates. However, this technology has recently been in the public eye for its implementation challenges. IoT technologies are now being widely used in the consumer-grade market, primarily targeted toward home automation and security. This rise in consumer adoption has led to proposals to incorporate IoT devices to bring these types of improvements to a metropolitan scale [9]. These improvements are speculated to improve security and automation tasks and tackle long-lasting difficulties such as traffic control, waste management, and so on. However, IoT does not depend solely on the electronics being deployed and installed; they rely on efficient and resilient transmission technology being used. The convergence of networks and services is an essential aspect of the modern internet. The internet has evolved from a simple means of communication to a complex and multifaceted ecosystem that is integrated into nearly every aspect of our daily lives. The advent of 5G technology has further pushed the convergence of networks and services, providing users with faster and more reliable internet connections, enabling a range of new and innovative applications and services [10]. One of the most significant ways that the convergence of networks and services impacts internet services is by increasing the availability and speed of access to the internet.