# Failure Modes in Electricity and Telecommunication Facilities in Dwellings in Spain
## 3 Results
### Functional Deterioration Processes  
'Functional deterioration process' (FDP) is defined as the joint and simultaneous linkage/association to a type of fault and its pathological origin, for the two installations studied. To this end, each of the existing faults in electricity and telecommunications installations was analyzed and their recurrence was quantified based on those that were  
Figure 4: Association between the type of fault and the type of dwelling.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Percentages of Cases by Type of Dwelling (\%)**} \\ \cline{2-5}
**Type of Installation** & **Apartments Blocks (T1)** & **Attached** & **Detached** & **Total** \\ \hline Electricity & 64.10 & 64.00 & 46.15 & — \\  & (32.47) & (20.78) & (7.79) & (61.04) \\ Telecommunications & 35.90 & 36.00 & 53.85 & — \\  & (18.18) & (11.69) & (9.09) & (38.96) \\ TOTAL & 100 & 100 & 100 & — \\  & (50.65) & (32.47) & (16.88) & (100) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Percentages according to each facility and type of dwelling according to the data set.  
produced by one or another type of pathological origin. Table 4 identifies the 12 different FDPs, of which 6 are in each of the installations analyzed.  
The process at the top obtains 32% of the situations for electrical installations and is II-O2-F1 ('alterations and malfunctions' caused by 'anomalies in the installation'); second is I2-O2-F1 with 31%, with respect to the telecommunications installation (with the same type of fault and pathological origin). Finally, the third-highest percentage obtained for an installation co-occurred in I1 and I2 (I1-O1-F1 and I2-O1-F1; 30%, respectively): 'alterations and malfunctions' caused by'shortcomings and omissions in the installation', both in electricity and in telecommunications.  
For the percentages obtained for the general computation of the sample (154 cases), five ranges were typified according to the overall recurrence obtained (values indicated in the final column on the right of Table 4). They are the following (ranked from lowest to highest):  
* VL range: those with'very low' recurrence of association with FDP. It encompasses the percentages that have FDP \(\leq\) 3%. There is only one case, I2.
* L range: those with 'low' recurrence of association with FDP. It encompasses the percentages with the ranges of 3% < FDP \(\leq\) 5%. There are two cases, one in I1 and the other in I2.
* M range: those with'medium' recurrence of association with FDP. It encompasses the percentages with the ranges of 5% < FDP \(\leq\) 10%. There are five cases, three in I1 and two in I2.
* H range: those with 'high' recurrence of association with FDP. It encompasses the percentages with the ranges of 10% < FDP \(\leq\) 15%. There are two cases, both in I2.
* VH range: those with'very high' recurrence of association with FDP. It encompasses the percentages that have FDP > 15%. There are 2 cases, both in I1.  
A careful analysis of which types of pathological origins cause the different types of faults reveals the following:  
* F1, which is presented in seven associations, is caused by four types of origins (twice for each pathological origin, except once for O3).
* F2, which is presented in four associations, twice for O1 and twice for O2.
* F3, which is presented in a single association, only caused by pathological origin O3. O3 can also lead to two types of faults (F1 and F3), but O3 only produces F3. In analogy, O4 only causes one type of fault (F1), but F1 can be caused by O1, O2, O3, and O4.