In 1963, [PERSON] [1] proposed that blue-green light waves with wavelengths of 450-550 nm have a transmission window with the smallest relative attenuation coefficient in seawater. In 1966, [PERSON] [2] verified the existence of a transmission window through experimental methods, which laid a physical foundation for the subsequent research on UWOC in the blue-green band. At present, there are three main types of light waves used for UWOC information modulation, namely, ordinary laser light generated by lasers or laser diodes (hereinafter referred to as lasers), incoherent visible light generated by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and spatially structured light fields represented by OAM light. In the underwater environment, because of the influence of ocean turbulence, no matter what kind of light source is selected, the transmission of optical signals will be seriously affected, and its intensity distribution and phase distribution will be severely distorted, resulting in a less-than-ideal transmission performance for underwater visible light communication. At present, it has been proven that OAM can be used for wireless communication, but the communication distance is limited to approximately 1 m [3]. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a scheme to solve the problem of the transmission distance of underwater OAM optical communication being short and the signal in the transmission process being easily disturbed by ocean turbulence. [PERSON] [4] discussed the performance of five commonly used channel coding technologies (linear block code, convolutional code, Reed-Solomon code, Turbo code, and Polar code) in the visible light communication system. The simulation results show that, compared with non-coding systems, channel coding brings coding gain to the communication system. [PERSON] proposed an orbital angular momentum-based LDPC code for a free-space optical (FSO) communication modulation scheme in 2010 and proved that the proposed scheme can work under strong gas turbulence. The system not only has a better bit error rate performance, but also reduces the overall complexity and delay of the decoder [5; 6]. [PERSON] [7] studied the performance of polarization codes, Turbo codes, and low-density parity check (LDPC) codes on actual VLC links in terms of BER and SNR, respectively. During the study, the parameters considered were the number of iterations in Turbo and LDPC and the list view width in Polar code. The results show that the performance of Polar codes is better than that of Turbo codes and LDPC codes in VLC-based applications with the same length and 1/2 bit rate. In the existing research, the works of [8; 9; 10; 11] apply the polarization code technology to the VLC system, and the experimental results prove that the polarization code can reduce the bit error rate of the system and increase the reliability of the system. [PERSON] and [PERSON] applied polarization coding technology to free-space optical communication systems to combat the fading caused by atmospheric turbulence. The results show that Polar coding greatly improves the reliability of wireless optical communication systems in atmospheric turbulence channels. At the same time, the longer the code length, the lower the code rate and the better the code error performance [12; 13]. [PERSON] [14] proposed a UWOC system encoded by Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) (31, 16). The simulation results show that, under the conditions of weak turbulence and moderate mixing, BCH coding gives UWOC systems a gain of about 6%. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] et al. introduced RS code into the underwater optical communication system and studied the performance of the RS coding system based on OOK modulation. The research shows that, when the bit error rate of the system is \(10^{-4}\), RS coding can provide a signal-to-noise ratio gain of 8 dB for the system [15]. In 2016, [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. studied the performance of an underwater wireless optical communication system