## 4 The Results of Hypothesis Testing
### The Estimation Results of Model
This dual approach ensures that our constructs are both distinct and relevant, providing a solid foundation for the study's conclusions and implications. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Construct** & **EXC** & **AGF** & **COA** & **NEF** & **OPA** & **SAK** & **TAK** \\ \hline
**EXC** & **0.934** & \(-0.124\) & \(0.003\) & \(-0.049\) & \(-0.229\) & \(-0.122\) & \(-0.362\) \\
**AGF** & & **0.950** & \(-0.174\) & \(0.117\) & \(-0.082\) & \(0.078\) & \(0.056\) \\
**COA** & & & **0.988** & \(-0.348\) & \(0.244\) & \(0.165\) & \(0.425\) \\
**NEF** & & & & **0.991** & \(-0.286\) & \(-0.119\) & \(-0.131\) \\
**OPA** & & & & & **0.988** & \(0.122\) & \(0.216\) \\
**SAK** & & & & & & **0.948** & \(0.150\) \\
**TAK** & & & & & & **0.986** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Square roots of the mean–variance and correlations between latent variables. Figure 8: HTMT Ratio. Source: original. There exists a significant positive correlation between Self-Assessed Knowledge (SAK) and Test-Assessed Knowledge (TAK), suggesting an association between individuals' self-perceived knowledge and their actual performance in knowledge evaluations. The determination coefficient (\(R^{2}\)) of the equations that reveal the inherent components, specifically, the quality of the decision (QOD) and confidence in the decision made (CID), is presented in Table 5. The model shows a higher level of explanatory power for decision quality (0.628) but shows a comparatively lower level of explanatory ability for decision confidence (0.333). Furthermore, Table 5 provides path coefficients and effect sizes, denoted by \(f^{2}\) of each indicator. The effect of Extraversion Characteristics (EXC) on the quality of a decision (QOD) was found to be significant, with a path coefficient of \((-0.213;\ p<0.05)\). Thus, Hypothesis H1 (a) is confirmed. The effect of Extraversion Characteristics (EXCs) on confidence in a decision (CID) was found to be non-significant with a path coefficient of \((0.010;\ p>0.05)\). Thus, Hypothesis H1 (b) is not confirmed. For extraversion, it is noted that while it might be associated with positive leadership outcomes and social interaction, its direct impact on decision-making quality might not be significant. This aligns with findings that the interaction between extraversion and expertise, and it can predict group decision quality,  
Figure 9: Heatmap graph of correlations between latent variables and the square roots of the mean–variance. Source: original. suggesting a more complex relationship dependent on other factors like group dynamics and task type [108]. The effect of Agreeableness Features (AGFs) on the quality of a decision (QOD) was significant, with a path coefficient of \((-0.210;\ p<0.05)\). Hypothesis H2 (a) was confirmed. The effect of Agreeableness Features (AGFs) on confidence in a decision (CID) was significant, with a path coefficient of \((-0.211;\ p>0.05)\). Hypothesis H2 (b) was not confirmed. Regarding agreeableness, research has shown that high levels of agreeableness correlate with cooperation and empathy but may not directly enhance decision quality. This could be due to the trait's association with a preference for harmony and consensus over optimal or challenging decision-making scenarios [109]. Furthermore, a quantitative review of agreeableness highlights its multifaceted influence on behavior, which can have varying implications for decision-making depending on the context [110]. The effect of Conscientiousness Attributes (COAs) on the quality of a decision (QOD) was found to be significant, with a path coefficient of \((0.260;\ p<0.05)\). Therefore, Hypothesis H3 (a) is confirmed. Conversely, the effect of Conscientiousness Attributes (COAs) on confidence in a decision (CID) was non-significant, with a path coefficient of \((-0.002;\ p>0.05)\). Thus, Hypothesis H3 (b) is not confirmed. The effect of Neuroticism Factors (NEFs) on the quality of a decision (QOD) was significant, with a path coefficient of \((-0.185;\ p<0.05)\).