# Framework for BIM-Based Repair History Management for Architectural Heritage
## 4 BIM-Based Maintenance Work Process Analysis  
Maintaining a facility involves addressing problems related to deterioration through a contract with a maintenance and repair company [33]. The effective management of maintenance and support information requires systematic feedback from individual projects. BIM technology is increasingly used in facility maintenance, as BIM data generated during planning, design, construction, and operation provide source information for maintenance [34]. The real-time monitoring and evaluation of facility performance as well as safety status in a 3D space enables data-driven decision making for repair, rehabilitation, and maintenance. Data sharing among relevant parties enables efficient asset management [35]. Using BIM technology in facility maintenance increases the recyclability of the information generated during the facility lifecycle [36]. This supports consistent work performance and decision making among various project participants through the seamless sharing and exchanging of integrated BIM, in addition to creating and managing as-built as well as maintenance models to use BIM even after the construction stage. Business entities must make decisions through issue and information management, including facility operation management, based on each created model during the maintenance stage. Figure 3, discussed in _BIM for Facility Managers_[37], examines the integration of BIM in facility management (FM). The case studies from Xavier University, Texas A&M Health Science Center (TAM HSC), the University of Southern California (USC) School of Cinematic Arts, and the University of Wisconsin River Falls Campus emphasize the importance of integrating building data and BIM through three stages for effective FM: data collection and selection, data mapping, and data validation. During the data collection and selection stages, information is gathered on various aspects of a building, with a focus on identifying key data and securing necessary information for operations. In the subsequent data mapping stage, the collected information is transformed into appropriate formats and mapped to the structure of BIM. This provides a foundation for the comprehensive understanding and management of various aspects of a building. Thirdly, data validation involves verifying the accuracy and reliability of data to ensure their essential accuracy and consistency for building operations. This is  
Figure 3: Analysis of the BIM-based maintenance process based on BIM-FM use cases from the International Facility Management Association [37]. achieved through necessary modifications and enhancements. While each project may vary in scope and objectives, they collectively highlight the importance of integrating building information and BIM through these three core stages. Xavier University successfully streamlined space management and maintenance planning by integrating BIM with FM systems, resulting in a reduction in manual data entry efforts. Similarly, TAM HSC benefited from incorporating construction operations building information exchange (COBie) into their computerized maintenance management system (CMMS), which improved facility asset information precision and accessibility. USC's development of BIM guidelines improved systematic data collection, while the University of Wisconsin River Falls Campus demonstrated effective BIM document linkage to CMMS. These case studies demonstrate the fundamental importance of comprehensive data in facility management, including spatial configurations and material specifications. By utilizing high-quality information in BIM, facility managers were able to make informed decisions, optimize maintenance strategies, and improve building performance. The renovation of the University of Chicago's administration building highlights the tangible benefits of utilizing customized COBie data collection methods for accurate facility management. Despite variations in project specifics, these studies shared a common approach to integrating BIM and FM.