# Concept Justification of Future 3 DPVS and Novel Approach towards its Conceptual Development
## 2 Laws of System Evolution and Concept Justification for 3 DPVS
### Generic Laws of System Evolution (LSE)
#### 2.2.3 Third Group of Laws Supporting 3 DPVS Concept Development  
In this group, two laws for system evolution under the influence of technological and physical factors indicate the future development of the scaffold system as well as justify the 3 DPVS concept.  
_Law of transitioning to the micro level._ A scaffold system will develop in the direction of fragmentation of its components (working units). The transition from macro- to micro-states of elements inside the scaffold helps the guidance and control of scaffold parameters become more effective and flexible. Two aspects can be considered, the scaffold's substance and architecture. In terms of substance, in other word the scaffold material, its trend of evolution contains 10 steps: from monolith, to granules, power, dust, to gel, paste, emulsion, to liquid, to foam, to aerosol, to gas, to plasma, to photons, to field in the end. In terms of the evolution of architecture in the scaffold system, space segmentation is one of the major evolution concepts that allow us to utilize space resources to increase efficiency in the scaffold system. The starting point of this evolutionary trend is a monolithic scaffold, followed by the scaffold with a single cavity. The next step is a scaffold with multiple cavities, after which is a capillary or porous scaffold system. The last phase of the trend is a scaffold system with active capillaries, meaning that the scaffold itself can actively produce or generate some stimulations, movements or dynamic functions that help definite ell culture process or mimic dynamic in vivo environment. Such properties tend to be unachievable by a traditional scaffold which is static or passive. In brief, a current 3D passive or static scaffold is a capillary or porous system, and in future it will possibly evolve into a system with active capillaries providing active functionality. Thus the idea to develop a 3D vibratory scaffold is supported by this evolution trend. To conclude, in the trend of transitioning to the micro-level, the scaffold system performing the same functions will become smaller and more ideal by applying the transition from macro- to micro-state of substances and architecture. Fabrication tools for the novel scaffold will also develop from macro- to micro-level. 3 DPVS is indeed micro-level scaffold product, and the vibration mechanism from traditional external vibrator into potentially integrated vibration mechanism could also be transitioning into a micro-level. Thus 3 DPSV is useful and promising.  
Law of increasing controllability/flexibility of a system (Law of Dynamism)In this law, we know that evolution of a scaffold system is directly towards increasing controllability, from rigid to flexible structures and from rigid to flexible parameters. For instance, smart materials might be applied in a 3D vibratory scaffold to achieve a flexible structure. The rigid vibration mechanism into flexible vibration mechanism can be a future direction. Traditional scaffolds having rigid elements are less adaptable to changing operating (vibration) conditions. The rigid material, structure of the scaffold system will become more flexible and dynamic. Implementation of the elements in the scaffold system develops toward molecular and field levels, in order to provide maximum flexibility for the system. The traditional vibration mechanism lacks controllability and flexibility, and this is the gap that 3 DPVS can potentially fill. Higher controllability and flexibility in aspects, such as the frequency and amplitude of vibration, as well as vibration control in operational time, vibrating time and pausing time, will be proposed as the potential goal for 3 DPVS. In brief, the 3 DPVS concept fulfils the developing line set by the Law of Dynamism, and the law in turn solidifies some valuable goals that future 3 DPVS might need to fulfil.