## 2 Related Studies
### Influencing Factors of OHC Information Services  
In the age of digital healthcare, Online Health Communities are key platforms for health information exchange. Their service effectiveness and user experience are comprehensively influenced by multi-dimensional factors. Existing research predominantly systematically analyzed key factors affecting OHC service quality from technological, content, user, and social perspectives [26], presenting a complex multi-factor ecosystem. Firstly, technological infrastructure and usability are fundamental supports for OHC services. [PERSON] et al. (2013) revealed through ANP methodology that functional factors (such as information personalized classification and search options) and usability factors (such as memorability and interactivity) jointly shape user experiences, with functional factors slightly predominating [27]. This finding resonates with [PERSON] et al. 's (2021) conclusions regarding digital health center website usability, both emphasizing the critical role of technological dimensions in user interaction [28]. [PERSON] (2021) further focused on health information website reliability, proposing primary influencing factors like search engine rankings, certification marks, and editorial policies, providing specific pathways to enhance platform credibility [16]. Secondly, information quality and content depth constitute the core competitiveness of OHCs. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) emphasized four dimensions of information quality: timeliness, comprehensibility, completeness, and relevance, indicating that high-quality information services can significantly improve user satisfaction, thereby promoting continuous usage and health management benefits [29]. [PERSON] and [PERSON]'s (2005) ethnographic research went further, not only focusing on information itself but also highlighting the intrinsic connections between high-quality content, community norms, and member interactions, revealing the dialectical interaction between social support and technological factors [30]. User individual differences represent a critical perspective for understanding OHC service effects. [PERSON] (2006) analyzed personal factors from the user access willingness perspective, such as network dependency and health information knowledge levels [31]; [PERSON] et al. (2013) focused on elderly populations, discovering that network usage experience and cognitive capabilities significantly influence usage effects. Interestingly, after controlling other variables, age itself does not constitute a decisive factor [32]. These studies collectively point to a crucial conclusion: OHC services should possess differentiated and inclusive designs capable of satisfying personalized needs across different user groups. Social support and interaction mechanisms represent the unique advantages distinguishing OHCs from traditional health information channels. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2005) emphasized active interactions between members, experience sharing, emotional support, and stable community member composition. These social network elements not only enhance information dissemination efficiency but also provide users with emotional identity and psychological support [30]. Although existing OHC research has achieved significant progress in user interactions, network characteristics, and service quality evaluation, current studies primarily focus on descriptive analyses. They lack systematic exploration of deep-level correlation mechanisms between network structural characteristics and information service quality, with insufficient cross-dimensional and cross-hierarchical comprehensive analyses. Most research remains at surface-level descriptions of user interactions and support networks, failing to fully reveal the complex composite influences of multiple dimensions like disease and professional title types on network structures.