# Multicriteria Analysis of Alternative Marine Fuels in Sustainable Coastal Marine Traffic
## 4 Application and Analysis of the Results
### Definition of Alternatives Performance Score
Safety of fuel is considered highest for the electric alternative, followed by hydrogen and biofuel. Investment cost is considered lowest for the electric alternative. However, considering operational costs and fuel price, the LNG and LPG alternatives were two of the best. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Criteria** & **Target** \\ \hline Climate change impact C1a & Minimization \\ Acidification C2a & Minimization \\ Exhaust emissions C3a & Minimization \\ Available infrastructure C1b & Maximization \\ Reliability of supply C2b & Maximization \\ Adaptation of ship engines C3b & Minimization \\ Safety of fuel C4b & Maximization \\ Investment C1c & Minimization \\ Operational cost C2c & Minimization \\ Fuel price C3c & Minimization \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: List of criteria with their priority target. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Criteria** & **Electric** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Hydrogen**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Biofuel**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**LNG**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**LPG**} \\ \  
Considering the stakeholders from government, the highest score in most categories is recorded for hydrogen--for four criteria. However, other alternatives such as LNG scored the maximum score for three criteria, electric for two, and LPG scored the maximum score for one. Climate change, acidification, and exhaust emissions were evaluated as lowest considering the hydrogen alternative. The electric alternative scored high scores as well regarding the environmental criteria. Considering the available infrastructure, LPG and LNG scored the highest score while hydrogen has a notably lower score. Considering the reliability of supply, the electric alternative got the highest score, followed by LNG and LPG. Adaptation of engines provided the highest score for LNG and LPG again, while safety of the fuel provided totally opposite results. Considering the economic criteria, LNG and LPG got the best overall score. There are differences between the alternatives considering the investment cost, while the scores related to operational costs and fuel price are similar. Regarding the representatives from academia, hydrogen and LNG scored the highest score in four categories, while electric scored the highest score in two categories. Considering the environmental criteria, the electric and hydrogen alternatives scored the highest score with respect to all three criteria. Regarding the technological criteria, the available infrastructure is considered the best for the LNG and LPG alternatives, and the reliability of supply is considered highest for the electric, LNG, and LPG alternatives, which scored the highest score related to adaptation of engines. Safety of fuel is considered highest for the hydrogen and electric alternatives, while LNG and LPG are considered the least safe. The required investment is considered lowest for LNG and LPG, the operational costs are estimated to be similar for all alternatives, and the fuel price is considered lowest for the hydrogen and electric alternatives.