# How the Implementation of BREEAM in Hotels Could Help to Achieve the SDGs
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Data Collected  
Table 2 shows a summary of each case study including the stage, number of rooms, number of floors, BREEAM goal and BREEAM final score of each hotel. BREEAM considers ten categories to measure the sustainability of the building: Energy, Health and Well-being, Land Use and Ecology, Management, Materials, Transport, Water, Waste, Pollution and Innovation. Each one of them frames different requirements that can be fulfilled according to the chosen strategy. A BREEAM advisor will determine when these requirements are obtained and will score them; these points undergo an environmental weighting factor that classifies them as Outstanding, Excellent, Very Good, Good and Pass [22]. Hereafter, all case studies are discussed to identify the most relevant aspects that have changed in their designs during all construction stages to make a positive impact in their BREEAM score. 1. Case study A. For this hotel, the objective was to obtain BREEAM Excellent. The score was successfully achieved and reached the maximum score obtained by a hotel at the time of its construction. The building used low-consumption technology to reduce its energy demand and to generate its own energy supply, reducing its CO2 emissions by 87%. It collected rainwater that was used for bathrooms and to irrigate the outdoor garden areas. Finally, it was necessary during the design stage to increase the size of the bicycle parking to promote this practice. 2. Case study B was a rehabilitation and extension of a historic building with the planning requirement of achieving a Very Good BREEAM score. The architects increased the cycling area. Under the advice of the ecologist and due to the demolition of the adjacent building, they included a series of shelter boxes for bats on the roofs so that they could nest in them. Regarding the building envelope, some windows had to be upgraded as a result of BREEAM acoustic requirements. 3. Case Study C was a remodel and extension of an existing building and was being built on site at the time of the interview. It aimed to obtain a Very Good BREEAM score. In this case, there was not enough space for landscaping or green surfaces. To compensate for this absence, the presence of mechanical and electrical engineers was crucial. The installation of flow limiters helped save water by reducing the output in \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Category** & **Question** & & & \\ \hline Design and planning & & How many floors and total number of rooms does this hotel have? & Is this hotel a new building or a restored building? & Is the building finished or under construction? & Does it have planning permission? \\  & & Is there any specific planning requirement for this hotel? & What was the BREEAM goal score for this building? & Did the BREEAM goal score match the BREEAM final score? & Was BREEAM certification part of the planning requirements? & Was the BREEAM advisor considered during the design stage of the hotel? & Which ones were the main BREEAM categories for this building? & What were main design changes involved in the building to obtain the BREEAM score? & \\ Sustainable design changes & & Is there any low-consumption technology used in this site? & Was the ecology of the building relevant in this case? & Did the envelope of the hotel change? & \\  & & Was the landscape of the building redesigned? & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Main Questions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Case** & **No. of** & **No. of** & **BREEAM** & **BREEAM** \\
**Studies** & **Stage** & **Rooms** & **Floors** & **Goal Score** & **Final Score** \\ \hline A & Finalized & 216 & 5 & Excellent & Excellent \\ B & Finalized & 302 & 7 & Very Good & Very Good \\ C & Under & 82 & 9 & Very Good & In progress \\ D & Finalized & 339 & 42 & Excellent & Outstanding \\ E & Under & 456 & 13 & Excellent & In progress \\ F & Under & 329 & 19 & Very Good & In progress \\  & Construction & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Hotels Case Studies.