## 3 Results and Discussion  
Figure 4 illustrates the peak-to-peak intensities obtained from four different sample sets following repeated treatment and irradiation procedures, as described in steps 1-4 of Experiment 1. All sample sets were recorded in the same measurement times following the first treatment (AAT1 or WT1) and 20 Gy X-ray irradiation (IR1) procedures. Each sample set was allocated for a specific storage and location condition (in this case, four sample sets mean four different storage and location conditions). As mentioned previously, each collection was divided into four subsets: three for AAT and one for WT (control). The displayed data for the AAT samples were obtained as the average of peak-to-peak intensities (or amplitudes) from three AAT subsets and background-subtracted from the WT (control) subset, as indicated by the unfilled bar in Figure 4. Data on the WT subset from each four sample collections were also included in the plot for comparison, as denoted by the patterned bar, also presented in Figure 4. Figure 4A,B were vacuum-stored samples placed at room temperature (RT, 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C) without light exposure (in darkness) and with light exposure (in ambient illumination), respectively. Figure 4C,D, on the other hand, were vacuum-stored and non-vacuum-stored samples, respectively, and both were placed at low temperature (LT, \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C) without light exposure. It should be noted that the experimental steps and measurements for the \"soon after AAT1/WT1\" and \"soon after IR1\" in Figure 4A-D were performed on the same day for all the samples. In this situation, the peak-to-peak intensities should be the same for all four sample collections (in both AAT and WT samples) regardless of the indicated storage and location conditions; the storage procedure only started after the end of the first measurement following the first irradiation (labeled as \"soon after IR1\"). Here the results of the \"soon after AAT1/WT1\" and \"soon after IR1\" were seen to be consistent in both AAT and WT samples. One interesting observation were the subsequent dose-response of the AAT samples provided plausible reproducibility with low intra-individual variations. The probable reason for this may be related to the radiation-specific radical responsible for the generation of the radiation-induced signal in fingernails, which might not be affected by the AAT prior to X-ray irradiation. This important finding indicated a good starting value for a reliable observation on the effects of AAT on the ESR signals and the behavior changes under various storage and location conditions. Following post-irradiation measurements (up to 7 days) after the \"AAT1-IR1\" process (steps 1-2 of Experiment 1), a large increase in the ESR signal with storage time was observed in all samples with the increase rate depending on the storage and location conditions. The signal intensity of the vacuum-stored AAT samples placed at LT without light exposure increased steadily (from 1 to 7 days) (see Figure 4C), whereas the other vacuum-stored AAT samples placed in RT condition (both with and without light exposure) initially experienced an intensity increase (from 1 to 3 days) with a subsequent decrease observed possibly due to the signal fading of the RIS in RT condition (see Figure 4A,B). The same fading behavior was also observed in the non-vacuum-stored AAT samples placed at LT with no light exposure (see Figure 4D); the fading effect started much sooner but slower following irradiation. Another observation was the considerable difference in the signal growth between the AAT and WT samples. This signal growth of the signal intensity in AAT samples varied depending on the storage and location conditions.