## 1 Introduction
Organizations are often faced with multiple factors, such as cost, service quality, environmental impact, and sustainability, all of which affect overall performance. In this context, MCDM is a powerful tool that allows managers to evaluate and optimize options based on multiple criteria. According to research by [PERSON] et al. [14], MCDM provides flexible analytical methods for better decision-making in situations with complex and conflicting factors. Moreover, the use of fuzzy logic in MCDM further increases the effectiveness of the decision-making process. Fuzzy logic allows modeling of uncertain and ambiguous information, making the evaluation of criteria and options more realistic. In fact, as highlighted by research by [PERSON] [15], fuzzy theory is capable of handling ambiguous information that traditional methods cannot, thereby creating more accurate and reliable assessments. Among MCDM methods, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Neutral Fuzzy Axiom Design (NFAD) are widely applied to improve the decision-making process. FAHP combines traditional AHP and fuzzy theory, helping to optimize the determination of criteria weights based on ambiguous assessments from experts. As a result, research by [PERSON] et al. [15] shows that FAHP not only improves the accuracy of weighting but also helps to reduce bias due to personal opinions of experts. In addition, the NFAD method provides a powerful framework for analyzing and evaluating alternatives based on complex criteria in uncertain environments. According to research by [PERSON] et al. [16], NFAD helps optimize the decision-making process by taking into account ambiguous factors and helping managers make more effective decisions in real-world situations. In short, the application of MCDM, fuzzy theory, FAHP, and NFAD methods is essential in the logistics field, helping organizations make rational and sustainable decisions and improve competitiveness in an increasingly harsh business environment. To identify the most effective sustainability strategies, the FAHP method combined with NFAD was applied. FAHP helps to handle uncertainties and evaluate based on multidimensional criteria, while NFAD provides a systematic and comprehensive approach to decision-making. The objective of the study is to develop a framework for evaluating sustainability strategies for the logistics industry, thereby providing an optimal solution to enhance competitiveness and environmental friendliness. This study is the first to integrate FAHP and NFAD methods to select sustainable strategies in the logistics industry in Vietnam. This combination not only expands the theoretical framework in the field of MCDM but also provides a new, more reliable approach to analyzing diverse and contradictory factors in strategic decisions. This study will provide a theoretical and practical basis for further studies and encourage the development of integrated methods in the field of decision-making. Second, by applying FAHP and NFAD, enterprises can improve operational efficiency, minimize risks, and optimize resources. The study also emphasizes the importance of implementing sustainable strategies, not only meeting current needs but also ensuring long-term and sustainable development in the future. Enterprises can apply these results to adjust their operating processes, improve service quality, and enhance competitiveness. Third, the results of the study can be an important reference for policymakers in developing regulations to support the sustainable development of logistics enterprises in the modern context. Fourth, in addition to economic benefits, the study also contributes to promoting social and environmental values. The proposed sustainable strategies will contribute to minimizing negative impacts on the environment, improving working conditions, and creating value for the community. This not only benefits enterprises but also the whole society, contributing to the construction of a greener and more sustainable economy.