## 3 Results  
### LC-MS Profiling of the F. hystrix Root Extract  
The chromatographic separation of the _F. hystrix_ root extract identified 42 compounds (including various derivatives of umbelliferone, vaginidiol, and peuecandol [46; 47; 48; 54; 55; 56; 57]), and the mass spectra showed which typical ions were produced via the protonation and loss of fragments of hexose (\(m/z\) 162), pentose (\(m/z\) 132), and acetyl (\(m/z\) 42). Moreover, a cascade of adduct ions were produced using lithium, sodium, and potassium, which is typical for coumarins [48] (Figure 2, Table 1). Five umbelliferones were known glucosides, including skimmin (umbelliferone 7-O-glucose, 3) and 6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosylkslimmin (umbelliferone 7-O-(6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-O-apiosyl)-glucoside, 1) [48]. Both coumarins are present in Apiaceous plants, and they were found in _F. hystrix_ for the first time in this study. Compound 2 exhibited a protonated ion with \(m/z\) 457, and it was identified as an isomer of 6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosylkslimmin [46]. Two acylated derivatives of umbelliferone O-pentosyl-O-hexoside were identified as mono- (**6**) and diacetates (**11**), as evidenced by the loss of one and two acetyl fragments, respectively [58]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**No. **} & **t, min** & & **Compound [Ref. ]** & **IL \({}^{\star}\)** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{ \begin{tabular}{c} **Content, mg/g** \\ **\(\pm\) S.D.** \\ \end{tabular}  } \\ \hline
**1** & 5.51 & 495 [M+K]; 4.79 [M+Na]; 463 [M+Li]; 457 [M+H]; 325 & 6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-Apiosylkslimmin (umbelliferone & & \\  & [(M+H)-Ap]; 163 [M+H)-Api-Gel]; & 7-O(6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosyl)-glucoside [46] & 1 & 0.85 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\
**2** & 5.70 & 495 [M+K]; 4.79 [M+Na]; 463 [M+Li]; 457 [M+H]; 325 & Umbelliferone O-pentosyl-O-hexoside [46; 48] & 2 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\
**3** & 6.08 & 363 [M+K]; 4.77 [M+Na]; 325 [M+H]; 163 [M+H]-Gel]; & Skimmin (umbelliferone 7-O-glucose) [48] & 1 & 22.57 \(\pm\) 0.45 \\
**4** & 6.33 & 595 [M+K]; 579 [M+Na]; 563 [M+Li]; 557 [M+H]; 425 & Vaginidiol O-pentosyl-O-hexoside [46; 47] & 2 & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\
**5** & 6.45 & [M+H]-Et]; 263 [M+H]-Pentosyl-O-hexoside [46; 47] & Vaginidiol O-pentosyl-O-hexoside [46; 47] & 2 & 0.18 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\
**6** & 6.77 & [M+K]-Et]; 325 [M+H]-Et]; 490 [M+H]-Et]; & Umbelliferone O-acetyl-O-pentosyl-O-hexoside [48] & 2 & 0.41 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\
**5** & 597 [M+K]; 581 [M+Na]; 565 [M+Li]; 559 [M+H]; 427 & Peuipangienide (peuecandol & \\  & & [(M+H)-Ap]; 265 [M+H]-Et]; & 7-O(6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosyl) glucoside [46; 47] & 1 & 0.45 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\
**8** & 7.51 & 597 [M+K]; 581 [M+Na]; 565 [M+Li]; 559 [M+H]; 427 & Peuecandol 2 (\({}^{\prime}\)-O(6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosyl)-glucoside [46; 47] & 1 & 0.18 \(\pm\) 0.00 \\
**9** & 7.83 & [M+K]-Et]; 265 [M+H]-Et]; 427 [M+H]; 431 [M+Li]; 427 [M+H]; 263 [M+H]-Et]; 263 [M+H]-Et]; 264 [M+H]-Et]; 265 [M+H]-Et]; 263 [M+H]-Et]; 54 [M+H]-Et]; 54 [M+H]-Et]; 54 [M+H]-Et]; 54 [M+H]-Et]; 54 [M+H]-Et]; 55 [M+H]-Et]; 55 [M+H]-Et]; 56 [M+H]-Et]; 57 [M+H]-Et]; 58 [M+H]-Et]; 59 [M+H]-Et]; 60 [M+H]-Et]; 59 [M+H]-Et]Peucedanol (**20**) was identified in the _F. Instrix_ root after its mass-spectral pattern was compared with that of a reference standard, and eight peucedanol glucosides were characterized by the presence of an aglycone ion with \(m/z\) 265 [47]. Three monoglycosides of peucedanol (i.e., 7-O-glucose (**13**), 2\({}^{\prime}\)-O-glucose (**15**), and 3\({}^{\prime}\)-O-glucose (**16**)), and three diglycosides (i.e., O-(6\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-apiosyl)-glucosidase of peucedanol, linked at the 7-O-, (peujaponicide, 7), 2\({}^{\prime}\)-O- (**8**), and 3\({}^{\prime}\)-O-positions (**9**)), and they were identified in _F. Instrix_ for the first time. Moreover, they have been previously found in _Philodicarpus sibiricus_ (Fisch.) [PERSON]. [48] and _Peucedanum morisonii_ [PERSON]. [47]. Two monoacetyl derivatives of peucedanol O-pentosyl-O-hexoside, **12** and **14**, do not have analogues among the known peucedanols.