# Forgery Detection for Anti-Counterfeiting Patterns Using Deep Single Classifier  
[PERSON]  
1 Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, College of Information & Artificial Intelligence,  
product's authenticity and prevent counterfeiting, alteration or cloning. Its main form of existence is as an anti-counterfeiting label; consumers can quickly identify the authenticity of products through anti-counterfeiting labels. An anti-counterfeiting label is difficult to forge or imitate, greatly increasing the cost of counterfeiting and thus maintaining the brand image. Existing anti-counterfeiting technologies can be divided into the following categories:  
1. Visual anti-counterfeiting technology is currently widely used in the world, including security ink [4], security paper [5], watermark anti-counterfeiting [6; 7], laser holographic [8; 9; 10], gravure printing [11] and so on. This kind of anti-counterfeiting technology constructs anti-counterfeiting labels applying special materials or processes. The cost is high; at the same time, once the material formula or process is disclosed, the anti-counterfeiting ability is lost. 2. Electronic identification anti-counterfeiting technology mainly includes radio frequency identification [12; 13], magnetic recording and so on. Such technology relies on the data management system to play a role: the forged product information is not in the database, thus preventing counterfeiting. For example, RFID technology has the advantages of high precision, strong anti-interference ability and convenient operation, but it often relies on professional equipment to carry out authentication queries. Thus, a query can only be realized under specific conditions, which makes its application scenario and application range limited to a certain extent and difficult to popularize. 3. Code anti-counterfeiting technology [14] uses a system that integrates modern computer technology, network communication technology, data coding technology and so on, combining the achievements of the information industry with anti-counterfeiting. There is an anti-counterfeiting password that uniquely corresponds to the product hidden on the anti-counterfeiting label. After purchasing the product, consumers can obtain the password by scraping off the coating on the product packaging, and then they can inquire the authenticity information of the product from the computer identification system by means of telephone or SMS. Code anti-counterfeiting technology is unforgeable and convenient, but the code itself does not have anti-forgery ability and the query rate is low; once the counterfeiters acquire a real anti-forgery code, many counterfeit labels can be forged. In addition, a code anti-counterfeiting label usually does not support pre-sale query nor can it be queried several times, greatly limiting its application. 4. Textural anti-counterfeiting [15; 16; 17] starts from the uniqueness of natural textures such as wood and stone. Considering the defects of the anti-counterfeiting technology of electric codes, it designs anti-counterfeiting labels with stable and unique texture, and each anti-counterfeiting label is non-replicable. Texture anti-counterfeiting systems first use high-definition photography or scanning to obtain all the texture anti-counterfeiting label images; then, they establish a database and upload, number, and save the images. Consumers can retrieve the corresponding label images stored in the database by taking photos with their mobile phones, and they judge the authenticity by the comparison with their own eyes, which relies on subjective judgment and lacks more objective and intelligent identification means. 5. Printable graphic code (PGC) anti-counterfeiting [18; 19; 20; 21] is represented by a two-dimensional code, which has been widely used in the fields of commerce, logistics, transportation and so on.