## 1 Introduction  
Using suitable substitutes for damaged bone will improve the recruitment effect in clinical treatment. Bioercamics members that maintain the function of bone regeneration include bioglass, hydroxyapatite (HA), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Such different types of biocercamics have been used to prove that Ca\({}^{2+}\) and (PO\({}_{4}\))\({}^{3-}\) ions released from the surface of materials enhance apatite performance [1, 2]. The cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes perform the process of bone formation. The biocercamic graft plays the most important platform for wound healing and osteoinductive ability. Unlike other ceramics materials, the bioglass composition (SiO\({}_{2}\), CaO, and P\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{5}\)) has a stronger bond with bone tissue due to rapid ion exchange. According to the tissue engineering principle, the porous shape of scaffolds possesses excellent properties, including cell performance and drug release abilities for inducing bone regeneration [3]. The fabricating methods of porous ceramics include solvent-casting particle leaching, freeze-drying, and the foam exchange technique. These manufacturing processes can replicate the 3D porous structure in bone tissue engineering [4, 5, 6]. Among these methods, the foam exchange technique is a simple strategy which can provide a highly interconnected structure. An ideal bio-scaffold should possess antibacterial activity (at the former stage) and induce bone formation (at the latter stage) of the recruitment process after implantation. Based on the characteristics of bioglass, many studies have attempted to improve their abilities, specifically their mechanical loading, biological properties, and drug delivery rate [7, 8, 9]. The metal ions and medication combined with scaffolds have been proven to effectively increase antibacterial action. Using the photochemical generation method, [PERSON] et al. synthesized silver particles (approximately 20 nm) with an Mg-HA scaffold. The nonfunctionalized scaffold displayed antibacterial activity of up to 99% (including against Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria) and excellent cell proliferation [10]. Similarly, the nano-copper deposition on 3D graphene scaffolds was fabricated by [PERSON] et al. [11]. Conversely, some antibiotics such as gentamicin, vancomycin, and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) are commonly used to load the scaffold. [PERSON] et al. developed a multifunctional layer (chitosan-gelatin/silica-gentamicin) coating system for implant application. Another study by [PERSON] investigated vancomycin and BMP-2-included tricalcium phosphate (\(\beta\)-TCP)/gelatin/bioglass scaffold and reported that a concentration of 5 mgL\({}^{-1}\) level could reduce Gram-positive bacterial infections by 80% [12, 13, 14]. Nevertheless, the general toxicities and drug release rates of these various additives are still being evaluated. As we know, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major ingredient (approximately 50-63%) of catechins in green tea [15]. It is present in plant-based diets and offers many health benefits. Given its molecular structure, EGCG has positive functions, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial, and it can be used for medical development (as shown in Figure 1). The unique chemical structure (comprising eight hydroxyl groups (OH)) can help to remove the free radicals in the human body. The lesser the free radicals, the better and healthier are the cells. [PERSON] et al. showed that EGCG combined with silk fibroin nanofibers (SFNFs) using the electrospinning method can be used to engineer corneal tissue. Drug release from EGCG scaffolds was slow and controlled for over 144 h. Additionally, these scaffolds could inhibit the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) for limbal cells and avoid blindness [16]. [PERSON] et al. compared the effects of EGCG and EGCG-PEGylated-PLGA nanoparticle systems for neuro-developmental treatment [17].