# A New Reform of Mining Production and Management Modes under Industry 4.0: Cloud Mining Mode
## 3 Definition, Connotation, and Composition
### Content and Relationship of Elements  
\"Cloud mining\" is not a new mining method or digital technology, but a new mining operation and management mode. The digital and intelligent construction of mines is an important technical guarantee for the realization of \"cloud mining\". This mode embodies changes in corporate development concepts, decision-making concepts, organizational structure, operation management, technical capabilities, and external cooperation. The ultimate goal is to build a cross-border integrated industrial ecosystem, making the development of mineral resources more efficient and their management more scientific.  
We divide the CM mode into five elements; the specific content is as follows, and the logical relationship is shown in Figure 1:  
* Data resources, including fundamental data and derived data [4; 7]: Data resources are collected in mining production, management, operation and maintenance, marketing, and other links. Fundamental data include basic geological data, environmental perception data, equipment operation data, human resources data, financial data, material data, transportation data, sales data, warehousing data, etc. Derived data are generated by processing and analyzing fundamental data;
* Digital technologies [9]: The first are digital mining technologies, involving software and hardware automation, remote operation of equipment, etc. The second are perception technologies, involving smart sensors, smart cameras, wearable devices, high-precision detectors, etc. The third are transmission and integration technologies, involving 5G, WIFI6, the Internet of Things, blockchain, radio frequency identification, etc. The fourth are data analysis and utilization technologies, involving big data analysis, machine learning, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, etc.;
* Digital talents: Under the CM mode, mining companies need comprehensive talents with ICT professional skills and traditional mining production knowledge. ICT professional skills include data management analysis, product development, smart manufacturing, digital operation, marketing, etc. Enterprise personnel are transferred from on-site work mode to cloud work mode, and collaborate on the cloud platform;
* Cloud business form: Under the CM mode, data, software, and hardware resources are integrated into the cloud platform. On the cloud collaborative platform, remote control of various operating systems in the mine production cycle is possible. The business of the enterprise is fully interconnected via cloud collaboration, including production, human resources, finance, materials, mechanical and electrical, safety and environmental protection, scheduling, management, planning, and decision making. The system, the business, and the personnel can all be called to the cloud;
* Cloud cooperation mode: The CM mode is a cloud work and cloud cooperation mode. The internal business (such as execution, implementation, supervision, assessment, etc.) of the enterprise will be more efficient. External business cooperation will be more convenient and reliable, and will no longer be subject to geographical constraints, departmental boundaries, or information barriers. The upstream and downstream enterprises of the industrial chain work together to build a cloud cooperation mode. This mode is characterized by remote collaboration, distributed management, service sharing, and pay-as-you-go.