## 1 Introduction  
The modern revolution is directly associated with the generation, consumption, and conversion of electrical energy due to the inventions from the last decades which have improved the quality of human life [1]. In the last decades, people have started to replace fossil fuel devices with environmentally friendly devices that use renewable energy. Photovoltaic systems are environmentally friendly and can be used all over the world, especially in isolated areas. It can be observed that the main growth of photovoltaic applications and publications comes from the Asia-Pacific and Middle East North Africa (MENA) regions [2]. These regions are characterized by a hot and dry climate with lots of sunshine all over the year. In paper [3], the researchers preconize that Asia will dominate the solar photovoltaic market with around 57% of global photovoltaic installations, followed by North America (21%) and Europe (11%), by 2050. The reliability of a photovoltaic system is a crucial factor in its performance, so it is necessary to consider the following factors when designing a photovoltaic system [4]: system location, the climate where the system is installed, the available budget, the technical characteristics of used devices, and how best to respect the laws and regulations. Additionally, it is important to consider the monthly and annual electricity consumption to ensure the necessary energy production for daily needs. To ensure energy production for human needs, different types of PV systems are proposed in the literature. In paper [5], a system with a specific configuration was presented and its behavior was analyzed. The system designed was in Rome, and it was a grid-connected system which was suitable for a house used by a family with four members. The photovoltaic (PV) system had 3 kWp of electrical power and generated 4350 kWh electricity per year. The energy produced during sunlight periods was stored in batteries and used latter when the energy production stops. The batteries represented a risk of explosion and fire. According to paper [6],Li-ion batteries are very sensitive and the fire from a cell can spread rapidly to other cells, causing major damage. In paper [7], the researchers described the operational mode of a hybrid photovoltaic system and its financial impact. It could be observed that there was a significant difference between the imported and exported energy using two different tariffs. Due to the evolution of technology, the humans want to use modern applications for remote monitoring and control, which includes using artificial intelligence approaches for energy prediction and cybersecurity measures for safety. Artificial intelligence concepts (big data, machine learning, neural network, and deep learning) are used in cell defect detection [8], in the supervision of photovoltaic systems [9], and to forecast the energy produced by PV systems [10]. [PERSON] et al. [11] presented how artificial intelligence algorithms are applied in the photovoltaic domain. Smart applications for monitoring photovoltaic systems store collected data and, based on them, can predict the energy/power production on a sunny, rainy, or cloudy day using AI algorithms. Additionally, these applications offer remote access and real-time responses. The monitoring of photovoltaic systems is necessary because various environmental factors (temperature, irradiance, wind speed, shading, and dust and dirt) change their values during the day and influence the operation and functionality of solar systems. A monitoring system has the role of observing and recording a system's parameters in real-time. Modern tracking solutions improve a system's efficiency, provide updated information, and execute preventive measurements in the case of flaw detection [9]. Monitoring systems are capable of notifying users when an unplanned event occurs [9]. In the past, the monitoring of photovoltaic systems used wired systems (RS232 cable or RS485 cable) for transferring data [12].