## 5 Conclusions  
* The velocity of air at the outlet of any solar chimney integrated with PV modules increases with an increase in the solar irradiance and with an increase in the height difference between the outlet and the inlet of the associated ventilation channel. This increase is significantly more pronounced in the case of \"Facade\" than in the case of \"Rood\". In addition, the solar chimney effect on the velocity of air in any ventilation channel is almost negligible for the cases of PV sections with larger numbers of roof- or facade-integrated PV modules. Unlike the air velocity, the average temperature of any PV section increases with increasing solar irradiance and decreases with increasing height of the solar chimney. Moreover, the greater the amount of heat transferred between one PV section and the air in the ventilation channel below it, the smaller the effect of the velocity of air at the outlet of the channel on the average temperature of roof- or facade-integrated PV modules.
* For the cases where PV sections consist of one and two PV modules, the air flow regimes over the upper surfaces of the PV sections and the appropriate acrylic plates are laminar. In addition, the turbulent flow of air along one ventilation channel corresponds to higher values for the velocity of air at the outlet of the channel and the  
Figure 8: Power of PV section depending on solar irradiance for six different numbers of (**a**) roof-integrated and (**b**) facade-integrated PV modules per section cooled by solar chimney with height of 0.5 m.  
average temperature of roof- or facade-integrated PV modules. Furthermore, for the cases where PV sections consist of four or more PV modules, the air flow is turbulent at solar irradiance greater than 250 W/m\({}^{2}\) or 200 W/m\({}^{2}\), respectively. Finally, the use of facade-integrated PV modules in urban areas contributes to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, the generation of clean electricity on-site, and the zero carbon transition of cities.
* Future research on this issue should include roof- or facade-integrated PV systems with different ventilation channels, PV sections with seven or more PV modules, and absorbers with larger absorption areas. In addition, future studies should deal with newer PV technologies and include more experiments, as well as appropriate economic and environmental analyses.  
Conceptualization, M.S., D.K., D.A. and M.T.; methodology, M.S., D.K., D.A. and M.T.; software, M.S. and D.K.; validation, D.K. and D.A.; formal analysis, M.S., D.K., D.A., M.Z., T.S. and M.T.; investigation, M.S., D.K., D.A., M.Z., T.S. and M.T.; resources, M.S., D.K. and D.A.; data curation, M.S., D.K., D.A., M.Z., T.S. and M.T.; writing--original draft preparation, D.K., writing--review and editing, M.S., D.K., D.A., M.Z., T.S. and M.T.; visualization, M.S., M.Z. and T.S.; supervision, D.K. and D.A.; funding acquisition, D.A. and M.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research has received funding from the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT), agreement No. S-A-UEI-23-1 (22 December 2023).  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.