## 3 Results
### [ATP]/[ADP] Ratio, ATPase Activity, and cAMP Concentration Determinations
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l c c} \hline
**Pathway, Group of Genes** & **Encoded Protein 1** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Relative Transcription Levels as 2\({}^{-\Delta\Delta\mathbf{C}}\)**} \\ \hline  & & **PB12** & **PB12 AGD\({}^{*}\)** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{l}{Acetate production and utilization} \\ \hline _ackA_ & Acetate kinase & 1.59 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 0.82 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\ _acs_\({}^{*}\) & Acetyl-CoA synthetase & 3.99 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 2.21 \(\pm\) 0.35 \\ _ldhA_ & D-lactate dehydrogenase & 3.03 \(\pm\) 0.16 & 2.22 \(\pm\) 0.15 \\ _pfD_ & Putative formate acetyltransferase & 3.52 \(\pm\) 0.24 & 2.76 \(\pm\) 0.39 \\ _pfB_\({}^{*}\) & Pyruvate formate-lyase (inactive) & 1.41 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 1.42 \(\pm\) 0.24 \\ _poxB_ & Pyruvate oxidase & 3.51 \(\pm\) 0.58 & 2.75 \(\pm\) 0.22 \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{l}{Sigma factors} \\ \hline _rpoA_ & RNA polymerase subunit \(\alpha\) & 0.91 \(\pm\) 0.13 & 0.69 \(\pm\) 0.09 \\ _rpoC_ & RNA polymerase subunit \(\beta^{\prime}\) & 2.13 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 1.01 \(\pm\) 0.18 \\ _rpoZ_ & RNA polymerase subunit \(\omega\) & 2.70 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 2.02 \(\pm\) 0.46 \\ _rpoD_ & RNA polymerase sigma factor & 5.41 \(\pm\) 0.40 & 9.87 \(\pm\) 2.09 \\ _rpoE_\({}^{*}\) & RNA polymerase sigma factor & 1.77 \(\pm\) 0.23 & 1.27 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\ _rpoH_\({}^{*}\) & RNA polymerase sigma factor & 4.21 \(\pm\) 0.49 & 2.42 \(\pm\) 0.44 \\ _rpoN_ & RNA polymerase sigma factor & 4.84 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 3.75 \(\pm\) 0.92 \\ _rpoS_\({}^{*}\) & RNA polymerase sigma factor & 5.74 \(\pm\) 0.81 & 1.92 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{l}{Regulators} \\ \hline _arcA_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 1.96 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.88 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ _arcB_ & Sensor histidine kinase ArcB & 3.10 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 2.00 \(\pm\) 0.25 \\ _Cra_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 3.25 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 1.82 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ _cyaA_\({}^{*}\) & Adenylate cyclase & 2.47 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 1.55 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ _glcC_\({}^{*}\) & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 3.26 \(\pm\) 0.26 & 2.30 \(\pm\) 0.51 \\ _iclR_ & DNA-binding transcriptional & 2.50 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 1.18 \(\pm\) 0.29 \\ _ihfA_ & Integration host factor subunit \(\alpha\) & 1.33 \(\pm\) 0.05 & 1.38 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ _fadR_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 3.95 \(\pm\) 0.20 & 2.22 \(\pm\) 0.04 \\ _Fnr_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 3.22 \(\pm\) 0.18 & 2.81 \(\pm\) 0.36 \\ _narL_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 1.10 \(\pm\) 0.20 & 1.02 \(\pm\) 0.29 \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{l}{Regulators to stress response} \\ \hline _Rsd_ & Regulator of sigma D & 8.42 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 18.1 \(\pm\) 2.19 \\ _soxR_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 30.6 \(\pm\) 4.20 & 107.3 \(\pm\) 10.3 \\ _soxS_ & DNA-binding transcriptional dual & 20.1 \(\pm\) 0.55 & 81.8 \(\pm\) 0.97 \\ _spot_ & Bifunctional (p)ppGpp & 75.1 \(\pm\) 2.74 & 268.6 \(\pm\) 30.2 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{1}\) According to the EcoCyc database [4]. \({}^{*}\) Indicates genes with transcriptional activation by CRP-cAMP according to the EcoCyc database.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._Figure 2: Relative transcript levels of genes involved in glucose transport, carbon central metabolism, and fermentation pathways. RT–PCR values of those upregulated genes (1.7-fold or higher) are shown beside the gene’s name in parenthesis: The first value for PB12 and the second for PB12 AGD\({}^{+}\). The relative gene transcription value for JM101 is always equal to 1.