# Machine Vision--Moving from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0
## 6 Conclusions  
This work is the first scoping review of the contribution of machine vision in Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, based on PRISMA-ScR. The aim is to highlight all advancements of the two industrial revolutions based on machine vision, including several application sectors and specific tasks. Similarities and differences between Industry 4.0 and 5.0 are highlighted, and the future potential contribution of machine vision in the upcoming Industry 5.0 is indicated. In Industry 4.0, machine vision entered several areas of human life, trying to help as much as possible, towards automation, production increase, time saving, quality improvement, and many other functions, indicating the beginning of the smart factory era. The use of technologies that support machine automation as well as industrial mechanisms is based on new technologies and can perform complex tasks and help to increase production, save time, as well as address cost issues. Machines are smarter, more flexible, faster, fully collaborative, and often able to process data in real time and perform autonomous decision making. The latter, however, caused an additional concern regarding the general future of machine-human interaction, about who will ultimately be the one who will be in control of things. Industry 5.0 is an era that many would expect to be the continuation of Industry 4.0; yet, it comes to play its role in parallel. While still ongoing research deals with interconnected technologies to improve productivity and efficiency following the principles of Industry 4.0, early research has started indicating a novel industrialization phase. The focus is now moving towards human-machine collaboration rather than automation and integrated technologies. Industry 5.0 emerged as a new era where it imposes the ultimate synergy between humans and machines that use the human spirit and creativity to increase the efficiency of any process. In Industry 5.0, machine vision, combined with other technologies, still aims to help, giving more options for humans regarding the way they work, by respecting the environment and their needs. Machine vision plays an essential role in bothindustries, and its contribution is gradually increasing; its role is progressive from one era to another, taking advantage of the developed knowledge to fulfill the different set goals. Industry 5.0 may seem to demand even smarter factories; nevertheless, emotional intelligence as well as human creativity are innate processes, where under no circumstances will a robot be able to reach these levels by itself. Thus, it seems that in Industry 5.0, the replacement of man by robots is not promoted in any case; yet, it promotes their cooperation. Man is the one who will plan things, and take on the parts that require emotion, as well as spontaneous adaptation to new challenges, since to an extent, the robot is not able to improvise. This collaboration is expected to contribute to a reduction in social inequalities and give the possibility of employment to personnel who possess intellectual potential and abilities but have been excluded or limited from options in the market, due to lack of physical strength or inability to move to the workplace. Industry 5.0 is expected to increase productivity and operational efficiency, be environmentally friendly, reduce work injuries, and shorten production time cycles. It has been mentioned that Industry 4.0 is based more on technology, while Industry 5.0 is based more on the value of the goals that are set each time. The latter gives another perspective on how a goal can ultimately be achieved and which parameters will determine the final outcome. Also, while in Industry 4.0, the focus is on the quality of products and the use of various digital technologies with the aim of increasing profits, Industry 5.0 aims at the integration of human creation and sustainable development, two important elements that Industry 4.0 did not include, and the provision of personalized products rather than mass production.