###### Abstract
From their paper, though it is encouraging to see the development of markerless systems, it is recognized that there is a long way from the development of markerless systems in the labs to the application in clinical practice. [PERSON] et al. (Contributor 6) developed a tiny instrument to measure the tension in the extraocular muscles (EOM), which functionally control eyeball movements. The abnormal tension of EOM may cause strabismus. The device is non-invasive, able to evaluate the active EOM tension. Their design used a simple cotton-tipped swab to pass the EOM tension to a force sensor. The changing angle of the swab and the force of EOM tension were wirelessly passed to the software, and then the measured values were displayed in real-time. The measured force ranges covered from several to hundreds of grams. The proposed instrument is simple, practical, and lower cost compared to the traditional ones. The device is not only for applications of strabismus measurements but also provides a good example in clinical instrumentation. [PERSON] et al. (Contributor 7) investigated the reachable workspaces by the upper limbs under different visual and physical conditions and compared the movement efficiencies with and without the help of robots. Ten subjects participated in an experiment, where there were various reaching tasks required. The durations to complete the tasks were recorded for the two groups, one human only (H) and another human-robot-collaborated (HRC). From the data collected, this study statistically divided the workspace into five ranges (I to V), with the angles being 0\({}^{\circ}\)\(\sim\)44\({}^{\circ}\), 44\({}^{\circ}\)\(\sim\)67\({}^{\circ}\), 67\({}^{\circ}\)\(\sim\)81\({}^{\circ}\), 81\({}^{\circ}\)\(\sim\)153\({}^{\circ}\), and 153\({}^{\circ}\)\(\sim\)180\({}^{\circ}\) from the anterior sagittal plane. The results showed that H and HRC have similar outcomes in the range I-II, but the HRC group was significantly faster than the H group in the range III to V, by reduced times of roughly 87%, 70%, and 60%. This study provided evidence such as (1) reachable workspace ranges and (2) in which ranges HRC performed better. The limitation was that the tasks did not include complex handling jobs that humans can complete easily but the robot cannot. In other words, more advanced robots should be developed in the future. While most studies use a three-dimensional (3D) model currently, [PERSON] et al. (Contributor 8) proposed a two-dimensional (2D) model for analyzing human stability. The model was able to estimate the force and moment at the joints using a closed kinematic chain and the Euler-Newton approach. The model still required the data from a motion capture system, a force plate, and a dynamometer. This study also included experiments involving two activities for maintaining a state of equilibrium. Their results showed the differences between the two movements. This study indicated that researchers are encouraged to apply some simplified models to analyze motion in clinical practice. As a report, [PERSON] et al. (Contributor 9) described the 3D kinematics and kinetics for healthy participants during an overhead deep squat with 70 healthy adults aged 18-35 years old. They employed a Vicon motion capture system with force plates. The full-body 33 markers from the Plug-in-Gait model were used. The reported parameters included the lower limb and trunk joint angles in the sagittal, front, transverse planes, the ground reaction forces and joint moments, etc. The results showed that the highest joint moments were in the sagittal plane, while other planes maintain stability. These results can be used as a reference for the clinicians who assess biomechanical abnormalities for patients and prescribe reasonable exercises in rehabilitation settings. [PERSON] et al. (Contributor 10) proposed a 3D finite element model to investigate which blade position was optimum for the cut-off in fracture fixation implants.