# Carbon Nanotubes-Based Hydrogels for Bacterial Eradiation and Wound-Healing Applications
## 5 CNT-Based Nanocomposites for Wound Healing
\begin{table}
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**CNT Composite** & **Treatment** & **Organism** & **Effect** & **Reference** \\ \hline SLS-CNT/PES & Ultrafiltration & _Escherichia coli_ (_E. coli_) & Antifouling and antibacterial & [120] \\ \hline SCNT-SnO2 & Wastewater treatment & _Escherichia coli_ and _Pseudomonas graminis_ & Photolytic degradation and Bactericidal activity & [121] \\ \hline PPy-co-Pin@CNT & Anticorrosion coating to prevent the surface of metals from being damaged & _S. aureus_ and _B. subtilis_, _E. coli_, and _P. aeruginosa_. & Antibacterial and anticorrosion activity & [122] \\ \hline (CNT/pra/Ag) & Increased inhibitory activity toward Gram-positive bacteria & _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _E. coli_ & Antibacterial activity & [123] \\ \hline GO/ZnO-CNT & Treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria & _E. coli_ (DH5a) & Damage the _E. coli_ cell membranes & [124] \\ \hline CNT/LaVO4 & Antibiotic photodegradation & _E. coli_ & Low toxicity, improve water quality & [125] \\ \hline Cu/CNT & Enhance antimicrobial activity & _S. aureus_ and _E. coli_ & Antibacterial activity & [126] \\ \hline Co\({}_{V2}\)Zn\({}_{0.3}\) Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{4}\)/PET/Ag/CNT & Water-dispersible antibacterial activity & _E. coli_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, _Bacillus subtilis_, _Staphylococcus aureus_ & Improved antibacterial activity & [127] \\ \hline CNT/MnO2 & Enhanced antibacterial activity of Gram-negative bacteria & _Proteins minibilis and Escherichia coli_ & Inhibit bacterial growth. & [128] \\ \hline SLS-sodium liposomal, PES-poly(etherselofne), SCNT-SnO2-sonicated CNT-SnO2, PPy-co-Pin-pyrrole indole copolymer, pragmipexole, Ag-silver, ZnO-zinc oxide, GO-graphene oxide, LaVO4-lanthanum vanadate, Cu-copper, PET-poly(ethylene terephthalate), MnO2-manganese dioxide. & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 3: Application and aspect of CNT-based composites for antibacterial activity on various bacteria. grown tissue becomes strong and flexible, and wound sites free from the blood capillaries, macrophages, and fibroblasts through apoptosis or undefined mechanisms [133; 131]. However, this dynamic wound-healing process can be affected due to the local (infection, humidity, maceration) and systemic (age, nutritional status, body status) factors. Generally, a wound starts with a minor injury, but it can extend without healing for longer durations, leading to a chronic wound condition. The typical chronic wounds are diabetic ulcers, venous and arterial ulcers, pressure ulcers, hypertrophic scars, fibrosis, and pressure sores. No doubt, normal wounds can turn into chronic severe injuries if some healing steps are impaired with specific features. In addition, a few factors such as diabetes, obesity, malnutrition, medication, and lifestyle habits (excessive smoking and excessive alcohol) can be a strong reason for impaired wound healing. Hence, this process is considered more dynamic than other biomedical treatment processes, which could appeal to the development of advanced devices/materials to accelerate this healing process more effectively [136]. [PERSON] et al., fabricated non-antibiotic but CNT-based hydrogel for photothermal therapy of bacteria-infected skin wounds [137]. The composite was fabricated by N-carboxythyl chitosan (CEC) benzaldehyde-terminated Pluronic F127/carbon nanotubes (PF127/CNT). The presence of CNT endowed the hydrogel with in vitro and in vivo photothermal antimicrobial activity and good conductivity. Figure 5b shows the hemostatic capability of CEC/PF/CNT2 hydrogel in the mouse tail amputation model. In a recent study, [PERSON] et al., developed a multifunctional conductive microporous nanocomposite hydrogel (MNHs) by air-in-water emulsion [138]. The emulsion was stabilized by colloidal hybrids of CNT and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). The hydrogels demonstrated tunable pore size, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties with varying concentrations of CNT.