## 5 Conclusions  
The study brings new possibilities for the georeferencing, publication, viewing, and analysis of an old cartographic work with a great informative value, which the maps of the First Military Survey undoubtedly represent. The aim was to present the possibilities of the connection and global coordinate location of a large cartographic work which can be modernized by digital knowledge and using the appropriate mathematical and statistical apparatus, although it has no geometric basis and was never intended as a global seamless map. Moreover, these maps are spatially placed so that they can be viewed by means of geographic information systems or, completely intuitively, used as an underlying map layer.  
With regard to the state of development of cartographic methods of their time, the First Military Survey maps represent a nicely rendered, but geometrically harder to capture depiction of Central Europe of the second half of the 18 th century, which is valuable especially for the unity of the design, detail and its capability to visualize the landscape before the great transformations caused by the Industrial Revolution and associated societal and landscape changes. In this respect, the respective maps and similar map works published at the appropriate time in other European countries represent a unique and valuable probe into the late-Baroque to early-modern landscape and, in conjunction with other, later mappings of the same area, can serve as a suitable basis for studying the landscape development and comparison.  
The new georeferencing method will be applied to all map works that have more than one map sheet and, at the same time, the parameters of the used cartographic projection are not known with sufficient accuracy. The results of our work can be compared with the results published within the Mapire.eu. Here, it was not possible to convincingly show whether the new method is better or worse in terms of mean errors, but at least it is comparable to the map layer published on the Mapire.eu portal. The fact remains that, using our transformation method, the map sheets are not deformed inside and they merely follow global transformation equations. Using the GSB methods may lead to distorted map sheets with, e.g., geographic names that cannot be read. Our method can also better control the quality of GCPs when outlying measurements are suppressed by the assignment of weights during the IRLS process.  
Conceptualization: [PERSON] and [PERSON]; methodology: [PERSON] and [PERSON]; software: [PERSON]; writing--original draft preparation: [PERSON] and [PERSON]; writing--review and editing: [PERSON] and [PERSON]; visualization: [PERSON]; project administration: [PERSON]. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was supported by the Czech Ministry of Culture from the NAKI programme \"Vltava--transformation of historical landscape as a result of floods, dams' creation and land-use changes along with cultural and social activities in the river neighborhood\" no. DG18P02 OVV037.  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to their license rights accompanying the used raster files.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.