###### Abstract  
Currently, research on the bambangan-fruit seed has become interesting because of its potential application as a cocoa butter alternative. This work aimed to determine the changes in the quality of the extracted bambangan-seed fat (BSF) obtained using hexane, petroleum ether, and ethanol. The extraction solvents affected the total fat content (TFC), physicochemical properties, fatty-acid profile, triacylglycerol composition, and crystalline structure of the extracted BSF. The results showed that BSF has a high content of 1,3-distreoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS). The solvent-type significantly (\(p<0.05\)) impacts the stearic and oleic acids of the extracts, resulting in apparent changes in the high-melting symmetrical triacylglycerhydros, such as SOS. Petroleum-ether-extracted BSF has a high stearic acid of 33.40%, followed by that of hexane- and ethanol-extracted BSF at 29.29% and 27.84%, respectively. Moreover, the spherulitic microstructure with needle-like crystals of the extracts also ranges from 30 to 70 \(\upmu\)m in diameter. Hexane-extracted BSF illustrated a less-dense, spherulitic, crystalline microstructure with a less-granular centre than those extracted using the other solvents. The results suggested that the quality of the extracted BSF obtained from the nonpolar solvents of hexane and petroleum ether are better than that extracted using ethanol. bambangan; extraction solvents; fatty acid; triacylglycerol; crystalline microstructure 2022212818  
mainly composed of palmitic (7.29-15.8%), stearic (32.37-40.39%), oleic (39.24-48.05%), and linoleic (4.95-8.11%) fatty acids (FAs), which corresponds to the presence of three main triacylglycerlycerols (TG): SOS, SOO, and POS (8.7-40.70%, 11.20-26.87%, and 11.60-11.93%, respectively) [1; 9; 12; 13]. BSF has also become an interest for researchers due to its similarities with cocoa-butter-like fats: illipe butter, mango-seed fat, kokum butter, sal fat, and shea butter [4; 8; 10; 12; 14]. Moreover, BSF is SOS-rich, which makes it applicable as an SOS-rich fat resource to increase the hardness of soft fats, which is desirable in a country with a high climate. The extraction of BSF can be performed in various ways, including using Soxhlet extraction. Soxhlet extraction is economical, simple, and allows several extractions to be carried out simultaneously with high oil-recovery as compared to the other method [15]. The operational cost is also lower because the solvent can be recovered after the extraction, creating reusable solvents to be used for another extraction process [16]. Soxhlet extraction is an economical method that lowers operational costs by using reusable solvents with higher extraction efficiencies than the other method. Using different solvents in Soxhlet extraction gives variation to the oil-quality parameter and thus could extend the applicability of the oil based on its properties, and it offers the best option for extraction. Moreover, fresh solvents are repeatedly brought into contact with the sample, thus supplanting the equilibrium transfer [17]. The extraction's efficacy depends on the temperature, oil nature, particle size, sample pre-treatment conditions, time, and solvent type [18]. The choice of solvents for the extraction is essential for determining the quality of the extracted fat. Different studies have reported on the ways that extraction solvents influence oil quality, specifically the yield and bioactive compound levels [17; 19; 20]. The process of the Soxhlet extraction of oil can be performed using ethanol; the polar protic solvents or hexane and petroleum ether; the nonpolar solvents [20]. Hexane is commonly preferred among solvents due to its low-melting properties, high availability, and polarity, which lead to high solubility [21; 22; 23]. In comparison, petroleum ether has been used for the extraction of lipophilic compounds, and ethanol has been used because of its low-toxicity properties and high availability, as well as its being bio-based [24; 25].