## 1 Introduction  
The electrical motor is an important device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, which is necessary for daily life and economic activity. Beyond its financial worth, its applications are widely used and have a substantial impact on technological advancement and industrial development [1]. Low-voltage motor and drive sales worldwide were estimated to be worth USD 23.8 billion in 2021, up 4.1% from 2017 [2]. Electric motors currently use more than 7000 TWh annually. Studies demonstrate a significant potential for energy savings by improving motor efficiency. High efficiency standards are required since electric motors account for 80% of global electricity use, despite global attempts to reduce the greenhouse effect [3]. By 2030, that consumption and the associated CO\({}_{2}\) emissions might increase by about 90%, if appropriate action is not taken [2]. All the components need to be appropriately sized to function at an optimal operating point. This optimal point is determined by the sizing of the components and their suitability for the specific application. Among the most common misapplications, motor oversizing is highly problematic and hard to correct [4]. Excessive oversizing needs to be prevented, as it causes the equipment to operate at an inefficient operating point. However, motor oversizing is still a common practice in the industry. Power losses when a motor is not operating at its optimum operating point are higher with respect to those of a less efficient motor but operating in its rated efficiency range [2]. The optimal operating load for motors is 75% of their rated load or higher. Due to their affordability, dependability, and low maintenance requirements, induction motors account for over 80% of all electric motors and also do not need a starting device, because they start themselves. To maximize energy savings, the power output of motors must be accurately matched to the mechanical load they will drive. Most induction motors are designed to operate efficiently from 50% to 100% of their full load, with peak efficiency typically around 75% of full load. Motors operating below 75% generally decrease their efficiency. Therefore, oversizing motors can lead to increased energy consumption costs [5]. Auxiliaries, transmission, motor, motor control, power supply, and mechanical load are some of the parts of a motor-based application. There are two methods for improving such systems' energy efficiency. 1. Component approach method: This method entails creating Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards (MEPSs) for important components and making sure they all fulfill minimal energy efficiency standards. 2. System approach method: This method promotes higher energy savings and a better optimization than the component approach by taking into account the full application to achieve overall system efficiency. When evaluating a motor-based application, the actual efficiency is determined by how well the equipment components match the application requirements. This includes taking into account variables such as the transmission operating point, motor operating point (both speed and torque), motor control system (starter or variable speed drive), and mechanical equipment operating point. Modern applications often require variable speeds, even though most motors are designed for a fixed speed and output. [PERSON] [6] noted that full-load operation is unnecessary in about 25% of induction motor applications. Motors typically run at 100% speed only for short durations, making speed regulation crucial. Variable-frequency drive (VFD) addresses this need by converting a fixed voltage and frequency input to a variable frequency and voltage output, thus effectively managing the motor speed or torque, enhancing automation, and saving energy. VFDs are used in a wide range of applications, including electric cars, pumps, elevators, fans, robotics, and air conditioning [1]. Total low-voltage VFD revenues were estimated at approximately USD 11.5 billion.