# Wireless Sensor Network-Based Rockfall and Landslide Monitoring Systems: A Review
## 3 Rockfall and Landslide Monitoring Based on WSNs
### WSN-Based Monitoring Systems
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Ref.** & **Region** & **Country** & **Witnessed Events** \\ \hline
[74] & Not applicable & Not applicable (laboratory prototype) & Not applicable \\ \hline
[75] & Northern Thailand & Thailand & Not specified \\ \hline
[79] & Nantou & Taiwan & Rockfalls disasters \\ \hline
[85] & Pantelleria & Italy & No significant rockfall events in the reported period \\ \hline
[87] & Not specified & Not specified & A test was performed showing tilt monitoring capabilities \\ \hline
[89] & Not applicable & Not applicable & Not applicable \\ \hline
[92] & Not specified & Not specified & Not specified \\ \hline
[94] & Torgiovannetto & Italy & No events in the reported period \\ \hline
[96] & Jianshanying disaster area, & & Landslide rainfall, landslide \\  & Shuicheng County, & China & deformation and cracks \\  & Guizhou Province & & \\ \hline  & Anthonier Colony hill, & & \\
[97] & Munnar town, & India & Not specified \\  & Idduki District, & & \\  & Kerala State & & \\ \hline
[98] & Seoul & South Korea & Landslides in urban areas, \\  & & increased heavy rainfall \\ \hline
[99] & Malin village, & India & Landslide occurred in July 2014 \\  & Pune Maharashtra town & India & Landslide occurred in July 2014 \\ \hline
[102] & Not specified & Japan & Slope failures \\ \hline
[103] & Not applicable & Not applicable & Not applicable \\ \hline
[105] & Hezhang County, & China & Not specified \\  & Guizhou Province & & \\ \hline  & Netala landslide location, & & \\
[106] & Garhwal Himalayan Uttarakhand region, & India & Landslide occurred during the \\  & Uttarkashi district & & monitoring period \\ \hline
[107] & Two unspecified sites in south and central Italy. & Italy & No significant rockfall events in \\ \hline  & Four different locations: & & \\  & - & Bidart landslide location on the south-east coast & \\  & - & of France, & \\  & - & Harmaliere landslide location (Sinard, France) & France & Landslides occurred in each \\  & - & - & Pont-Bourquin landslide location the western Pre-Alps near Lausanne in Switzerland, & \\  & - & Valloire landslide location in a steep valley (Beau-journal) above the city of Valloire (France) & \\ \hline
[110] &
\begin{tabular}{c} Montserrat Mountain, \\ near Barcelona, \\ Catalonia, \\ northeast of Spain \\ \end{tabular} & Spain & Rockfalls detached between 2001 \\ \hline  & Nakayama, & & \\
[111] & Aruse, & & \\  & Namikata & & \\  & and Matsuyama sites & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Region of study, country, type of monitored geohazard. Finally, Table 4 reports some details about the considered monitoring systems. All the fields are relative to the sensor nodes of the WSN and not to elements that come after the gateways. The low power performances are relative to the lowest current absorption that a sensing node draws from the battery. This is achieved, in most of the works, when the nodes enter a standby mode between each data gathering and transmission cycle. Unfortunately, not all the research works provide all the information regarding hardware description and power performances.