# Novel Fluidic Oscillator Evaluation Considering Dimensional Modifications
## 6 Results
### Results from the 3D-CFD Simulation
The flow entering and evolving inside the FCs is also observed in great detail; see, for example, Figure 5d-g. Of particular relevance is the evolution of the vortical structures associated with the jet exiting the FO. Such structures are mostly elongated flowing along the flow stream direction and at a rather short distance downstream breaking into smaller and more random structures. This effect is particularly relevant when employing the FO to cool down a flat hot plate located perpendicularly in front of it, as in references [9; 10; 11], for example, as it gives a hint of the downstream distance at which the plate should be located to maximize heat transfer. Figure 4: _Cont._  
Figure 4: Instantaneous velocity and pressure fields cut along a full oscillation period divided in 8 equi-spaced time steps. 3D baseline case (STD). A more precise quantification of the instantaneous and spanwise-averaged velocity and pressure fields measured at the FO outlet and the lower FC outlet is presented in Figure 6. Each graph represents the corresponding magnitude obtained at each of the eight equidistant time steps into which an oscillation period was divided. The first thing to note is that the FO outlet's maximum velocity is about 60 m/s, with an average of around 40 m/s, Figure 6a. As expected, the maximum velocity flips from one side to the other along the FO outlet every half oscillation period. Note that at times T0 and T1 (Figure 6a), which correspond to the instants defined in Figure 4a and c, respectively, the velocity peak is located on the left-hand side of Figure 6a, moving towards the right-hand side at times T2 to T5, corresponding to Figure 4e,g,i,k, and returning to the left-hand side at times T6 and T7, which correspond to Figure 4m and o, respectively. Figure 5: Q criterion fields for a value of \(2\times 10^{6}\), shown along a full oscillation period divided in 8 equidistant time steps. 3D baseline case (STD). The pressure at the FO outlet width (Figure 6b), oscillates around 100,500 Pa and shows three different patterns. At T0, the jet exits the FO with a maximum velocity mostly concentrated on the upper side of the FO outlet, the MC outlet's upper inclined wall is highly pressurized, but the pressure distribution along the FO outlet is rather uniform, showing a pronounced drop at the location where the fluid velocity is maximum; see Figures 4a,b and 6a,b. At time T1, the velocity and pressure maximum values are localized at the left-hand side of the graph; the fact that the pressure field is moving towards the location of the maximum velocity precedes the flipping of the maximum velocity towards the opposite side of the FO outlet, which happens in the next time step. At T2, the maximum velocity field has flipped towards the right-hand side of Figure 6a, while the maximum pressure field is well established on the left-hand side; this situation remains at the next time step T3. At time step T4, the maximum velocity field is still observed at the right-hand side of the graph, but the pressure field starts moving towards this same location; this situation is similar to the one observed at T0, although the maximum velocity location and pressure displacement were opposite. At instant T5, the maximum velocity and pressure fields are located at the right-hand side of the respective graphs, a situation analogous to the one observed at T1, which preceded the flipping of the maximum velocity location. As a matter of fact, the maximum velocity moves toward the left at T6, while the maximum velocity position remains at the right side. Finally, at time T7, the maximum velocity position is the same as in the previous time step and the pressure field starts displacing from the right towards the left, a situation analogous to the one described at time steps T0 and T4.