# Towards a Digital Transformation Hyper-Framework:
## 3 Materials and Methods
### The Foundation of Hypothesis 1 (H1)--Integrated Tailorable Life Cycle Models
#### 3.1.2 The Role of Software Engineering (SwEng)
The novelty of RSE and QSE represents the challenges to current automatic code generation and automated Software Engineering support through more sophisticated frameworks and tools. Incorporating component-based Software Engineering (CBSE) principles in quantum algorithm automation is proposed in [56] as a promising approach to easier development, testing, and optimization of quantum algorithms for different problem domains. Consequently, the role of Software Engineering in the specification of integrated tailorable life cycle models reflects the virtual world that emerges from the transformation (refinement) of Systems Engineering Vision into a digital system delegate or digital ecosystem. Existing digital ecosystems consist of complex networks of interconnected and globally distributed software-supported assets (systems), adding new value through the transparent and continuous delivery of the embedded system's services. According to the conceptual framework model proposed in [42] (Figure 4), Software Engineering maps to the Solution and Implementation helixes. Figure 5: Software product and process relations: (**a**) software product invariants; (**b**) software process invariants. 3.1.3. The Role of Operations Engineering (OpEng)  
In the context of this research, Operations Engineering (OpEng) is a multidisciplinary field that utilizes operational thinking and skills to establish, support, optimize, and maintain the technical infrastructure of complex cyber-physical or socio-technology systems and uphold standards and internal documents and procedures that regulate structure and behavior of the operational environment. Generally, it represents system-of-infrastructure-systems (SoIS) that can contribute services to one or more logical system-of-systems that run on top of it. The Logical Systems layer corresponds to the digital ecosystem whose configurations represent a dynamic network of logically interrelated software assets implementing concrete component-system's services or their surrogates depending on the DgT stage of a concrete component-system. Digital technology infrastructure (DTI) abstractions enable the dynamic and transparent creation and maintenance of configuration networks that hyperlink software assets, communication system assets, and computer infrastructure and create the OpEng infrastructure instances (Figure 6). The current concretization of the abstract DTI concept is a computer network (CN). The design, installation, maintenance, monitoring, control, and recovery of complex OpEng infrastructure assumes explicit incorporation of nonfunctional requirements concerning the uninterruptable, trustworthy, responsive, and transparent physical operation. A communication system (CS) is the SoIS that establishes, operates, and maintains personal, local, and global multipath connectivity regardless of the access point technology, transmitting media type, communication protocols, and the nature of disseminated communication objects. Currently, the term communication is a synonym for digital communication. Two digital communication reference models, specified to mitigate the inherent complexity through layered architecture, ISO's Open Systems Interconnection (ISO-OSI) and TCP/IP, are pillars of classical communication systems. ISO-OSI is a generic protocol-independent standard that guides the communication between the network and the end user. On the other hand, TCP/IP is a concrete communication protocol that facilitates host-to-host connectivity over a communication network and, in a way, represents the implementation of OSI guidelines. From the DgT framework aspect, it is essential to support the simulation and emulation of the architecture, network protocols, and various communication network parameters [57; 58; 59]. Figure 6: The Context of OpEng—digital ecosystem and digital technology infrastructure. We claim that due to the higher number of layers, ISO-OSI meta-specification is more suitable for verification purposes (due to better fidelity).