###### Abstract  
Printed electronics is one of the emerging technologies owing to its low cost and productivity. Recently, many researchers tried to adapt printing technology to the fabrication of fine electronic patterns on flexible substrates, including the gate line of thin film transistors. In this study, we fabricated a flexible cliche using the nanoimprint process and used it in reverse offset printing. Then, we analyzed the effect of the surface energy of the imprinted cliche on process parameters, such as printing speed and rolling direction. We showed that the productivity of the process and quality of printed pattern can be considerably enhanced by controlling the surface energy of the cliche. When a flexible cliche is manufactured using a resin with a surface energy considerably different from that of the blanket, the ink can be detached easily and fine patterns can be engraved successfully regardless of the pattern shape.  
nanoimprint process; reverse offset printing; cliche; surface energy; gate line of TFT 2017  
will be implemented, which can reduce the cost of production and drastically raise productivity [14]. Additionally, the consumption of materials and energy needed for conducting the process can be reduced, which leads to the creation of an eco-friendly process. Further, the discharge of chemical wastes can be minimized as electronics manufacturing can be performed strategically and selectively. However, there are still many limitations in printing technology, such as obtaining very small line widths of the order of nanometers on large-area substrates and improving production speed without defects. [PERSON] et al. developed a gravure offset printing system for large-area printing to obtain flat panel displays [15]. [PERSON] et al. demonstrated 2 \(\upmu\)m features using gravure roll printing with very high printing speeds on the order of 1 m/s [16]. Competitively, there is reverse offset printing that can reduce the pattern size even more, but at a slower printing speed. [PERSON] et al. investigated the mechanism for reverse offset printing based on a mathematical model. They presented a criterion for successful printing considering adhesion and cohesion strength [17]. [PERSON] et al. fabricated organic thin-film transistors with a reverse offset printed Ag metal source/drain electrode pattern [18]. Despite the fact that the cliche plays an important role in reverse offset printing, there is still a lack of research focusing on the cliche.  
In this study, we tried to determine ways to improve productivity while reducing the line width when applying the printing method. As it is known that the reverse offset printing process is a method that can achieve high resolution and high quality of fine micropatterns among all the printed electronics techniques developed so far, we used this technique for our experiments [19]. In terms of productivity, to reduce the manufacturing lead time, the speed of the roller can be increased, or the travel time or the waiting time between processes can be decreased. For this purpose, it is essential to find ways to improve ink performance or to reduce coating time. However, these remedies are difficult to implement and can directly affect the properties of the final product. As the bottleneck of production time is caused by the off-speed, we attempted to find ways to improve the ink off-speed from the coated blanket to the cliche. Previously, glass or a Si wafer was used as the cliche material. In this study, we determined that the polymer pattern transferred by the imprint process onto the plastic film can be used as the cliche material. In addition, as the surface energy of cliche can be controlled using this flexible type cliche, the off-speed can be dramatically enhanced. Finally, the metal pattern acting as the TFT gate line could be printed with approximately 2 \(\upmu\)m width, and the printing speed was 50 mm/s, which is ten times higher than previously reported printing speeds.