###### Abstract  
Greenhouse gases absorb the Earth's thermal radiation and partially return it to the Earth's surface. When accumulated in the atmosphere, greenhouse gases lead to an increase in the average global air temperature and, as a result, climate change. In this paper, an approach to measuring CO\({}_{2}\) and CH\({}_{4}\) concentrations using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is proposed. An FTIR spectrometer mockup, operating in the wavelength range from 1.0 to 1.7 \(\upmu\)m with a spectral resolution of 10 cm\({}^{-1}\), is described. The results of CO\({}_{2}\) and CH\({}_{4}\) observations throughout a day in urban conditions are presented. A low-resolution FTIR spectrometer for the 16U CubeSat spacecraft is described. The FTIR spectrometer has a 2.0-2.4 \(\upmu\)m spectral range for CO\({}_{2}\) and CH\({}_{4}\) bands, a 0.75-0.8 \(\upmu\)m range for reference O\({}_{2}\) bands, an input field of view of 10\({}^{-2}\) rad and a spectral resolution of 2 cm\({}^{-1}\). The capabilities of the 16U CubeSat spacecraft for remote sensing of greenhouse gas emissions using a developed FTIR spectrometer are discussed. The design of a 16U CubeSat spacecraft equipped with a compact, low-resolution FTIR spectrometer is presented. CubeSat; remote sensing; greenhouse gas; emissions; air pollution monitoring; FTIR spectroscopy 2023236794103390/s2315679410 with infrared spectrometers for more accurate localization when determining the content of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere than the equipment of hydrometeorological devices (spatial resolution of 1-10 km, viewing bandwidth up to 100 km). The spacecraft Landsat-8 [9], WorldView-3 [10] and Sentinel-2 [11] have achieved very high spatial resolutions (up to 30 m) with global coverage. These devices are distinguished by their high-quality technical characteristics, large productivity and large amount of measured data. Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) [12] and Precursore Iper-Spettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) [13] satellites have medium sensitivities, but extensive coverage (about 4 days). In 2016, a project called Greenhouse Gas Satellite (GHGSat) (Canada) [14; 15] was developed for a small satellite constellation. The Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) onboard the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite is used for remote sensing of atmospheric methane emissions [16]. Nowadays, the Meteor-M 2 [17] spacecraft is used for climate monitoring, and four more of them are planned for launch by 2025 in Russia. Spectrometers placed on board spacecraft are a marker of the spacecraft's capabilities for the remote measurement of greenhouse gases. The OCO-2 [18] instrument uses a near infrared (NIR)/short-wave infrared (SWIR) grating spectrometer, with three bands: 0.76 \(\upmu\)m (O\({}_{2}\)), 1.61 and 2.06 \(\upmu\)m (CO\({}_{2}\)). Its spatial resolutions are 1.29 km (cross-track) and 2.25 km (along track). It orbits at an altitude of 705 km, flying in a polar, sun-synchronous formation. The instrument covers a 1.29 by 2.25 km footprint at Nadir and is capable of acquiring eight cross-track footprints, creating a swath width of 10.3 km. The spacecraft launch mass is 449 kg. The Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) [16] onboard the GOSAT has a four-band interferometer (three in the NIR/SWIR and one in the thermal infrared) and is used for CH\({}_{4}\), CO\({}_{2}\), H\({}_{2}\)O, O\({}_{2}\) and O\({}_{3}\) measurements. The field of view (FOV) is 15.8 mrad (10.5 km on the ground at Nadir), and the measurement speed is 1.1, 2, 4 s per interferogram. The TANSO-FTS spectrometer's mass is 329 kg and its spatial resolution is 10.5 km [19]. GHTSat is an imaging spectrometer [15] based on the Fabry-Perot spectrometer designed for methane monitoring. The described method has limited sensitivity and was designed for a specific spectral line and, as a consequence, for a specific gas.