# Evaluating the Intertwined Relationships of the Drivers for University Technology Transfer
## 2 Conceptual Background
### Technology Inventor Aspect  
People are the most significant resources in the organization. University professors have become a major and necessary part in the university's internal organization, and they have the most authority over final decisions in university affairs. University professors are instructors, researchers, and inventors [80, 81]. In the university organization, technology and the inventor have a close relationship. Technology or inventions are used mainly for teaching, technology R&D, and service. [PERSON] [82] mentioned that most researchers say that inventors tend to commercialize R&D results on the basis of their viewpoint, background, and experience. We will discuss the following points: \"attitude of inventor\", \"knowledge of inventor\", and \"experience of inventor\". 1. Attitude of Inventor  
Attitude is how other people feel about the behavior, and the meaning of the attitude shows a like or dislike for something. Positive or negative behavior towards the environment reflects a person's subjective sense towards their surroundings. Besides the educational background, attitude is the overall expression of personality and experience. University professors are required to be highly self-disciplined and independent when working [53, 65]. They must also have a strong sense of responsibility and duty towards academic development. To successfully apply R&D results, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [83] mentioned that inventors must pay considerable attention to the result conversion rate. [PERSON] [82] mentioned that those who are trained in the positive value of technology transfer are more likely to attend to commercialization activities. This reveals the importance of an individual's thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes towards university R&D result transfer. [PERSON] [84] found that individual factors significantly affect the possibility of authorization, such as the inventor's attitude towards the R&D results' commercialization and the inventor's willingness to patent and authorize commercial activities. 2. Knowledge of Inventor  
Knowledge is a basic element of academic activities. Academic members' common beliefs, values, and behavior are built on the pursuit of knowledge, and effectiveness in the pursuit of knowledge is the evaluation criterion for every academic activity [85, 86]. In a university organization, professors are the owners, disseminators, and creators of knowledge. Professors are also the users of intellectual capital and the owners of the data required by the knowledge economy. University professors engage in specialized research fields, so besides the knowledge and ability relevant to their professions, they should have extensive industry knowledge [29]. For example, when contacting and cooperating with an industry, professors usually have problems with bargaining and dealing with enterprises [87, 88, 89]. To adapt to rapid technology development and the shorter renewal cycle of knowledge and technology, professors need to increase their knowledge and capability through continuous learning and be able to constantly renew the knowledge structure and overcome various challenges [90, 91, 92]. 3. Inventor Experience  
Experience is a complicated concept. It involves perception, emotion, and desire and is a key part of human activities. The personal experiences of people are their knowledge. The starting point of knowledge is the termination of knowledge at the same time [33]. Because of their experience, inventors are in contact with a large variety of people and things. They also have scruples and therefore limit themselves. The discussion in this study focused on inventors' working experience (including industry), the experience of contacting industrial circles, and the experience of engaging in technology transfer. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [93] mentioned that what promotes university R&D result authorization is the different interactions between the inventor and the industry.