## 4 Results and Discussion
### Proposals for Policy Measures and Interventions on Specific Objectives of the New CAP  
#### 4.2.1 Proposals for Policy Measures and Interventions on Specific Objective 4 (ES4)  
In the context of Specific Objective 4 (OS4) of the new CAP, which concerns mitigation and adaptation actions to CC, as well as the production of sustainable forms of energy, the diagnostic analysis of agriculture and the assessment of the existing situation highlighted a set of needs and priorities for the design of policy measures and interventions related to the management of greenhouse gas emissions and the sector's energy potential and prospects. Special considerations should be directed towards the design of the new climate actions, ensuring that no overlaps between the different policy instruments of the Pillars of the new CAP (enhanced air quality, ecological schemes, agro-environmental\(-\)climate measures for rural development) will occur while at the same time establishing their synergy and enhancing their complementarities. The distinct and clear definition of commitments per action will make them easier to understand and implement by producers, while significantly reducing the administrative costs of their implementation and controls. On this basis, the proposals concern the following policy measures, which are consistent with the increased ambition of the new CAP for the environment and the climate, as well as with the objectives of the \"Farm to Fork\" strategy, in the context of the European Green Agreement. ES4-SP1: Mitigate Climate Change Effects in Agriculture  
The proposal for this specific measure is based on the need to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration by agriculture, and focuses on the following interventions:  
* Implementation of new actions regarding organic agriculture and animal husbandry, which will concern more eligible crops and breeding, with the aim of increasing the beneficiaries and the agricultural lands included in them, to maximize the results of their application in mitigating climate change. Actions will enhance the loss of income or additional costs caused by organic production compared to conventional production. * Promotion of new actions of extensive coverage, with the aim on the one hand of improving the carbon sequestration capacity of agricultural lands and permanent pastures that are part of them, through the increase of their biomass cover using the appropriate plant species, and on the other hand the promotion of low intensity and inputs agricultural and livestock activity that contributes to the reduction of GHG emissions. * Integration with the ecological schemes of Pillar I, increased ambition of environmental and climate commitments [58], through voluntary actions to limit the use of inorganic fertilizers and reduce GHG emissions concerning the application. * Enrichment of climate actions, with new ones related to agro-ecology and leading to the undertaking of commitments above the baseline of the mandatory standards of the CAP, with the aim of mitigating climate change. * Application of specialized agricultural practices and methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with a focus on Natura protected areas, on areas of High Natural Value and in areas of the Water Framework Directive, which will focus on the mildest possible management of agricultural and livestock holdings in the target areas, based on the guidelines of the respective thematic studies and management plans. The aid that will be granted under the new CAP for the actions in question will relate to the loss of income or the additional costs caused by their implementation.