(2) In studies investigating the effects of pyometric exercise protocols on jump performance, [PERSON] and colleagues noted a significant improvement in subsequent CMJ outcomes among rugby players following a regimen of pyometric exercises [21]. In contrast, [PERSON] and others found no significant improvement in jump capabilities following pyometric exercises in young athletes involved in team sports [22]. In focusing on sprint performance, research by [PERSON] et al. [23] and [PERSON] et al. [24] supported the notion that pre-competition pyometric exercises can improve subsequent linear sprint abilities in athletes of track and field, and field hockey, respectively. [PERSON] and colleagues noted that depth jumps may enhance the jump performance of elite sprinters, yet seemed to have minimal impact on sprint times [25]. Additionally, [PERSON] found that linear sprint performance could actually decrease after youth athletes perform depth jump exercises [22]. (3) Regarding the impact of mixed-exercise protocols on jump performance, research conducted by [PERSON] et al. suggested that incorporating a combination of squat and jump exercises in training protocols can lead to improvements in CMJ performance among female volleyball athletes [26]. However, research by [PERSON] et al. [27] and [PERSON] et al. [28] suggested that mixed exercises, when used as CAs, fall short of improving jumping performance in basketball athletes. In sprint performance studies, [PERSON] et al. maintained that resistance exercises coupled with sprint exercises can significantly boost the 20 m sprint times of elite female sprinters [29]. Meanwhile, the findings by [PERSON] et al. [30] and [PERSON] et al. [31] indicated no substantial enhancement in short-distance sprint performance following mixed exercise. Comparative studies on PAPE effects induced by resistance exercises, pylemetric exercises, and mixed exercises are scarce, and the findings are contradictory. Notably, [PERSON] and [PERSON]'s [32] research focused primarily on amateurs and lacked thorough research on athletes. [PERSON] et al. posited that resistance exercises yield a superior PAPE response compared to pylemetric exercises [33]. At the same time, [PERSON] et al. suggested there was no significant difference in PAPE outcomes between resistance and pylemetric exercises [34]. On the other hand, there has been limited research conducted to determine which of the three basic PAPE induction patterns is most effective for enhancing athletes' jumping sprints. Furthermore, the results of existing studies are inconsistent. A recent review of relevant meta-analyses also revealed a scarcity of PAPE studies specifically focused on sprint ability [35; 36; 37]. In conclusion, it is clear that resistance exercises, pylemetric exercises, and mixed exercises can all induce PAPE in athletes prior to competition or training sessions. This study focused on the population of athletes to induce PAPE in these three ways. However, consensus on the outcomes of such CAs remains elusive, and no definitive proof exists to affirm the superiority of one particular method for achieving optimal PAPE effects. Byconducting a meta-analysis on experiments related to PAPE, the current study aims to explore the acute effects of three CAs on the leaping and sprinting abilities of athletes. On this basis, we investigate the most effective approaches among these three options, so as to serve as a reference for coaches developing a training plan and athletes organizing a warm-up exercise.