## 4 Results
### Laboratory Testing Results of the Rock Mass
#### 4.3.4. Results of Laboratory Physical and Mechanical Tests  
A variety of physical and mechanical tests were conducted on 120 rock samples, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 4. The uniaxial compressive strength experiments show that most of the rock samples in the study area are less than or equal to 30 MPa, which are soft rocks. The above results indicate that the mechanical properties of the rock samples in the study area are significantly reduced when exposed to water. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Lithology**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Unit Weight**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Uniaxial Compressive**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Deformation Index**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Shear Strength**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Tensile Strength**} \\  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**(g/cm\({}^{3}\))**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Strength (MPa)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Dry State**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Elastic Modulus**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Poisson’s**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Cohesion**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Internal**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Natural State**} \\  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Density**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Natural**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Single**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Mean**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**E/GPa**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**\(v\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**C/MPa**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**\(\varphi^{\prime}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Single**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean**} \\  & & & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Value**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Value**} & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Gritsstone} & 2.66 & 2.32 & 7.52 & 8.25 & 0.101–0.127 & 0.37 & 0.229 & 43.2 & 0.147 & 0.152 \\  & & & 12.2 & & & & & & 0.241 & & \\  & & & 4.65 & & & & & & 0.051 & & \\  & 2.65 & 2.2 & 5.91 & 6.09 & 0.072–0.108 & 0.38 & 0.111 & 43.8 & 0.062 & 0.081 \\  & & & 7.7 & & & & & & 0.130 & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Medium sandstone} & 2.65 & 2.2 & 13.4 & & & & & & 0.173 & \\  & & & 20.1 & & & & & & 0.173 & \\  & & & 23.8 & & & & & & 0.186 & 0.241 \\  & 2.66 & 2.23 & 27.2 & 30 & 0.156–0.2 & 0.36 & 1.23 & 43.9 & 0.257 & 0.24 \\  & & & 39.1 & & & & & & 0.316 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Fine sandstone} & 2.74 & 2.43 & 9.69 & & & & & & 0.260 & \\  & & & 11.1 & 11 & 1.49–2.46 & 0.28 & 0.797 & 41.7 & 0.281 & 0.334 \\  & & & 12.3 & & & & & & 0.460 & \\  & & & 15 & & & & & & 0.063 & \\  & 2.71 & 2.41 & 15.8 & 16.6 & 1.12–2.10 & 0.29 & 0.982 & 40.7 & 0.069 & 0.088 \\  & & & 19.1 & & & & & & 0.132 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Mudstone} & 2.71 & 2.32 & 9.23 & & & & & & 0.060 & \\  & & & 10.5 & 10.7 & 0.225–0.462 & 0.3 & 0.528 & 46.7 & 0.242 & 0.223 \\  & & & 12.4 & & & & & & 0.368 & \\  & & & 6.21 & & & & & 0.188 & \\  & 2.32 & 2.32 & 8.15 & 8.72 & 0.444–0.836 & 0.31 & 0.445 & 40.8 & 0.222 & 0.26 \\  & & & 11.8 & & & & & & 0.371 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Sandy mudstone} & 2.72 & 2.36 & 16.7 & & & & & 0.243 & \\  & & & 24.8 & & & & & 2.65 & 43.8 & 2.14 & 1.58 \\  & & & 24.8 & & & & & & 0.096 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & 18 & 19.8 & 0.030–0.069 & 0.38 & 0.879 & 41.2 & 0.282 & 0.282 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & 26.4 & & & & 0.461 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Results of laboratory physical and mechanical tests.