# Enhanced Scalability and Security in Blockchain-Based Transportation Systems for Mass Gatherings
## 4 Results and Findings
### Case Studies Validating the Proposed System  
Blockchain technology has become a revolution in many industries, and its use in simplifying transportation systems, especially during significant events, is becoming increasingly apparent. The Olympic Games and the Super Bowl are among the few significant case studies that support blockchain's success in enhancing scalability and security in transportation systems for large gatherings. These case studies not only demonstrate how blockchain has the potential to streamline operations in the logistics sector; moreover, they provide real-life examples of how the system can address some of the most pressing issues affecting conventional transportation methods. Blockchain usage in such events has already been observed to improve efficiency, route optimization, and process security, resulting in the active use of the previously described technology for mass-event transportation management in the future. 1. The Olympic Games: Streamlining Transportation with BlockchainThe Tokyo Olympics 2020 were most challenging from the perspective of logistics for mass events in history [48]. The Olympic Games attract millions of spectators, athletes, and officials, and the issue of transportation constitutes a key component in the overall story of the event. At the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, held one year after the global pandemic, a blockchain-powered transportation system was introduced. The system's primary objectives were to address the issues of traffic management and vehicle distribution, and to achieve a higher level of safety in the transportation organization for official staff and visitors. The blockchain system was coupled with real-time route optimization by blockchain-based State Channels. Such Channels enabled the live rerouting of official vehicles, allowing for the identification and redirection of potential traffic jams, road closures, and other dynamics to ensure that athletes, officials, and other key personnel arrived on time at their destination points. The decentralized identity verification also helped strengthen the transport system, as they were assured that only certified individuals could enter certain areas, thus preventing unscrupulous individuals from tampering with timely transport activities. Ride-sharing services operating on blockchain were also introduced, which enabled a reduction in vehicle dispatch by approximately 25 percent. It maximized the utilization of available transportation and helped prevent overloading places around the Olympic sites. The system was tested in terms of its performance, which was measured by its ability to handle millions of real-time updates using blockchain Rollups. Rollups--A layer-2 solution that facilitates scaling the blockchain network to handle many transactions without causing congestion, which was essential given the mass event. This system performed well, which proved the concept of using blockchain for large-scale events and provided a proof of concept for such an application at the next Olympics, e.g., the 2024 Games in Paris. The Super Bowl: Enhancing Security and Crowd Flow  
The Super Bowl is another significant event, which poses serious transportation and security concerns. With the attraction of more than 70,000 people, the event presents logistical challenges regarding transportation, participant safety, and effective crowd control [49]. In the past, transportation systems for the Super Bowl have been plagued by traffic jams, illegal entry, and delays, all of which can ruin the entire event experience. Blockchain technology was used in Super Bowl LVI to minimize transportation and security management issues. The decentralized ticketing and transportation system, which utilized blockchain technology, provided a sense of security during the Super Bowl. The tickets provided by blockchain could not be altered, and they were recorded on a digital ledger, creating a transparent and secure means of verifying ticket authenticity.