## Appendix A
### Short Review on Research Work with Solution-Diffusion-Based Models
Membranes for power generation by pressure-retarded osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**1981**, \(8\), 141-171. [CrossRef]
* (18) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Thermophysical properties of seawater: A review of existing correlations and data. _Deslination Water Treat._**2010**, _16_, 354-380. [CrossRef]
* (19) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] A novel spiral wound module design for harvesting salinity gradient energy using pressure retarded osmosis. _Renew. Energy_**2023**, _203_, 542-553. [CrossRef]
* (20) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Osmotically driven membrane processes by using a spiral wound module--Modeling, experimentation and numerical parameter estimation. _Deslination_**2015**, _361_, 81-94. [CrossRef]
* (21) [PERSON]; [PERSON] The solution-diffusion model: A review. _J. Membr. Sci._**1995**, _107_, 1-21. [CrossRef]
* (22) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Production of energy from concentrated brines by pressure-retarded osmosis. II. Experimental results and projected energy costs. _J. Membr. Sci._**1976**, \(1\), 249-269. [CrossRef]
* (23) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Internal polarization in the porous substructure of a semipermeable membrane under pressure-retarded osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**1978**, \(4\), 261-265. [CrossRef]
* (24) [PERSON]; [PERSON] A two-coefficient water transport equation for pressure-retarded osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**1978**, \(4\), 351-362. [CrossRef]
* (25) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Influence of concentrative and dilutive internal concentration polarization on flux behavior in forward osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**2006**, _284_, 237-247. [CrossRef]
* (26) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Modeling water flux in forward osmosis: Implications for improved membrane design. _AIChE J._**2007**, _53_, 1736-1744. [CrossRef]
* (27) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Power generation with pressure retarded osmosis: An experimental and theoretical investigation. _J. Membr. Sci._**2009**, _343_, 42-52. [CrossRef]
* (28) [PERSON]; [PERSON] The potential for power production from salinity gradients by pressure retarded osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**2009**, _335_, 103-110. [CrossRef]
* (29) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Effect of draw solution concentration and operating conditions on forward osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis performance in a spiral wound module. _J. Membr. Sci._**2010**, _348_, 298-309. [CrossRef]
* (30) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Performance limiting effects in power generation from salinity gradients by pressure retarded osmosis. _Environ. Sci. Technol._**2011**, _45_, 10273-10282. [CrossRef]
* (31) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Modelling mass transport in hollow fibre membranes used for pressure retarded osmosis. _J. Membr. Sci._**2012**, _417-418_, 69-79. [CrossRef]
* (32) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Relating reverse and forward solute diffusion to membrane fouling in osmotically driven membrane processes. _Water Res._**2012**, _46_, 2478-2486. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* (33) [PERSON]; [PERSON] Adverse impact of feed channel spacers on the performance of pressure retarded osmosis. _Environ. Sci. Technol._**2012**, _46_, 4673-4681. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
* (34) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Organic fouling in pressure retarded osmosis: Experiments, mechanisms and implications. _J. Membr. Sci._**2013**, _428_, 181-189. [CrossRef]
* (35) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Solution-Diffusion-Electro-Migration model and its uses for analysis of nanofiltration, pressure-retarded osmosis and forward osmosis in multi-ionic solutions. _J. Membr. Sci._**2013**, _447_, 463-476. [CrossRef]
* (36) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Effectiveness-mass transfer units (\(e\)-MTU) model of an ideal pressure retarded osmosis membrane mass exchanger. _J. Membr. Sci._**2013**, _445_, 211-219. [CrossRef]
* (37) [PERSON] A general, resistance-in-series, salt- and water flux models for forward osmosis and pressure-retarded osmosis for energy generation. _J. Membr. Sci._**2014**, _460_, 71-81.