# Plaaben Compounds--Part I: An Overview of Their Characteristics, Detection, and Impacts
## 5 Paraben Detection
### Detection in Water Soruces
#### 5.1.2. Paraben Detection in Water Resources  
[PERSON] et al. [133] detected 21 PPCPs in drinking water from different shops, tap water from different addresses and surface water of Turia river, Valencia, Spain. Parabens such as MP, EP, PP and BuP were found in river and bottled water samples, and MP, PP and BuP in tap water samples. [PERSON] et al. [132] investigated the occurrence of CECs in Ria de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. Parabens (MP, EP, PP, BuP and BeP) were found in concentrations of ng/L in several rivers, in city channels and sea. [PERSON] et al. [130; 139] detected more than 55 PPCPs. EDs and illicit drugs in Taff and Ely rivers, South Wales, United Kingdom--MP, EP, PP and BuP were found. [PERSON] et al. [138] detected five parabens (MP, BuP, BeP, iso-PP and n-PP) and trticlosan at concentrations of 17, <3.55, <9.35, <2.14, <13.74, and <4.65 ng/L, respectively, in tap water samples from Leipzig, Germany. [PERSON] et al. [135] studied the existence of CECs in Santiago de Compostela, Spain and detected seven parabens, trticlosan and trticlocarbon. [PERSON] et al. [144] found MP, EP, PP, BuP and BeP in Glatt River, Switzerland. Figure 2 shows the geographic locations and Table 5 reports the detection of parabens from different locations around the world at different concentrations. Figure 1: Geographic location of paraben detection in WWTPs. Figure 2: Geographic locations of parabens detected in water sources. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Local** & **Source** & **Detection Source** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Range of**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Reference**} \\ \hline  & & & MP: 0.16–872 & \\  & & & EP: 0–110 & \\  & & & PP: 0–266 & \\ Beijing, China & Pool Water & HPLC/MS & BuP: 0–49.2 & [134] \\  & & & BeP: 0–6.52 & \\  & & & HeP: 0–0.06 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: \textless{}0.3–150 & \\ Taff River, South Wales, & & & EP: \textless{}0.5–12 & \\ United Kingdom & Surface Water—River & UPLC/MS & PP: \textless{}0.2–11 & \\  & & & BuP: \textless{}0.3 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: \textless{}0.3–400 & \\ Ely River, South Wales, & & & EP: \textless{}0.5–15 & \\ United Kingdom & Surface Water—River & UPLC/MS & PP: \textless{}0.2–24 & \\  & & & BuP: \textless{}0.3–52 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: \textless{}0.3–150 & \\ Taff River, South Wales, & & & EP: \textless{}0.5–12 & \\ United Kingdom & Surface Water—River & UPLC/MS & PP: \textless{}0.2–11 & \\  & & & BuP: \textless{}0.3 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: \textless{}0.3–305 & \\ Ely River, South Wales, & & & EP: \textless{}0.5–15 & \\ United Kingdom & Surface Water—River & UPLC/MS & PP: \textless{}0.2–22 & \\  & & & BuP: \textless{}0.3–16 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 0.81–920 & \\  & & & EP: 0–294 & \\ Beijing, China & Surface Water—River & HPLC/MS & PP: 0–565 & \\  & & & BuP: 0–41.5 & \\  & & & BeP: 0–3.93 & \\  & & & HeP: 0–2.94 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 1.8–17.3 & \\  & & & EP: 0.13–3.0 & \\  & & & BeP: \textless{}0.08 & \\ Santiago de Compostela, & & & i-PP: \textless{}0.15 & \\ Galicia, Spain & & & n-PP: \textless{}0.11–69 & \\  & & & i-BuP: \textless{}0.05–4.6 & \\  & & & n-BuP: \textless{}0.08–7.0 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 3.1–17 & \\  & & & EP: \textless{}0.3–1.6 & \\ Glatt River, Switzerland & Surface Water—River & LC/MS & PP: \textless{}0.5–5.8 & \\  & & & BuP: \textless{}0.2–2.8 & \\  & & & BeP: \textless{}0.2–4.4 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 0–5.4 & \\ Shizuoka City, Pacific Center & & & EP: 0–4.3 & \\ Region, Japan & & & PP: 0–25 & \\  & & & BuP: 0–12 & \\ \hline  & & & & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 0.0–22.8 & \\ Kaveri, Tamiraparani and & & & EP: 2.47–147 & \\ Vellar River, South India & & & PP: 0.0–57 & \\ \hline  & & & MP: 2.2–17.3 & \\ Great Pittsburgh, USA & & & PP: 0–12.0 & \\  & & & BuP: 0–0.2 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Paraben detected in several water sources.