# Smart Facility Management System Based on Open BIM and Augmented Reality Technology
## 1 Introduction  
### Background and Purpose of the Study  
Facility management (FM) is the process of sustaining the initial expected asset value of the facility through maintenance and improvement in its quality, acquired during the design and construction phases. The FM phase constitutes the longest part of the building's lifecycle, and the costs incurred during this phase can take up to 85% of the life cycle cost (LCC) [1]. For effective and systematic operations and maintenance of the facility, the information on the facility generated during the design and construction phases forms and is used as the basic data for the facility management system (FMS). However, defining and verifying the required information for the operations and maintenance of the facility, thereby using them in building baseline data for the FMS, requires much time andassociated cost. To alleviate these difficulties in the current FMS set-up process, building information modeling (BIM) technology is being adopted and is seen as an alternative for effective and systematic facility operations and maintenance. The BIM model is made up of objects, properties and relationships, and as the object defines all properties and relationships, it can be used to manage the required information for FM based on function, space and purpose. Therefore, the BIM information can be utilized as the initial data for the FMS without the need for additional modification and is expected to be applied in the operations and maintenance of the facility, along with the space and energy management, as visual and multi-approach analyses become feasible. Through utilizing the BIM-based information, building and facility owners or facility managers can reduce maintenance costs during the FM phase, which is much longer compared with the design or construction phase. However, despite the many advantages and possibilities of utilizing BIM information in the FM phase, this has yet to be fully applied to on-site FM work. The reason for this is that the wide-ranging information required for FM has yet to be defined and is thus often not included in the BIM-based design information. As a measure to resolve these issues, research is conducted on the development of systems to transfer information produced during the design and construction phases to the FM phase. This type of research has been conducted by public institutions carrying out contracting work for major facilities within the US, and the result has been the development of a data-converting format called Construction Operation Building information exchange (COBie) [2]. Meanwhile, the Fourth Industrial Revolution brought forth technology advancement in various industries, and the construction industry has also advanced through the application of many of these developments. Of these, augmented reality (AR) technology in particular enables adding additional information (e.g., images, text and 3D models) to the actual environment obtained from camera images so as to provide users with better information sharing and task execution through an increased sense of reality and immersion. In addition, AR technology is in use for product quality evaluation, manufacturing systems design and various other areas, while recent advances in smart devices have made it possible for users to more readily use AR technology. The construction industry is also actively seeking the application of AR technology through visualization of on-site facility data and the adoption of real-time coordination functions. However, from an LCC point of view, and compared with the design and construction phases, research on applying AR has been lacking in the area of FM, which is expected to bring the most economic benefit. Therefore, in order to suggest a more efficient FM approach and contribute to expanding the body of research related to automated management for smart FM, this research investigates recent trends in technology related to BIM and AR along with measures to connect information from both and proposes a smart FM system based on AR.