## 3 Results  
### Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Oleogels  
The results of the thermal characterization of the oleogels are shown in the thermograms in Figure 1, where the melting of these systems is observed to have occurred at temperatures higher than 52.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The increase of the melting temperature was a function of the CW concentration (10% CW: 52.81 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.54 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 10% CW + phosphorus [P\({}^{+}\)]: 53.32 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.52 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 15% CW: 55.10 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.30 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 15% CW + [P\({}^{+}\)]: 52.89 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 20% CW: 55.98 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.60 \({}^{\circ}\)C; 20% CW + [P\({}^{+}\)]: 56.18 \({}^{\circ}\)C \(\pm\) 0.22 \({}^{\circ}\)C), and for each formulation, the presence of phosphorus did not affect this temperature (\(p\) > 0.05). It should be mentioned that the digestion process in the rumen of goats takes place at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C; therefore, all CW oleogels would have the property of maintaining their entire structure at this temperature [40]. On the other hand, the results of the rheological studies (i.e., frequency sweeps) that were performed on the oleogels at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C demonstrated the formation of true gels by presenting values of the elastic modulus (G\({}^{\prime}\)) greater than those of the viscous modulus (G\({}^{\prime\prime}\)) in the entire frequency range (Figure 2), while also having high G\({}^{\prime}\) values to the order of 10\({}^{5}\) and 10\({}^{6}\) Pascals (Table 1). It was observed that with a higher concentration of CW  
Figure 1: Melting thermograms of oleogels developed with different concentrations of candellilla wax (CW), with and without the addition of phosphorus [P\({}^{+}\)]. (10% \(<\) 15% \(<\) 20%), the G\({}^{\prime}\) values increased, regardless of the presence of phosphorus (\(p\) \(>\) 0.05). In Figure 2, it can be seen how the values of G\({}^{\prime}\) tended to augment when the frequency increased, while G\({}^{\prime\prime}\) remained almost constant over the entire frequency range. This phenomenon is common in polymeric materials with high hardnesses that tend to release moisture, oxidize or show changes in their chemical configurations [44]. In the case of our oleogels, this behavior was attributed to the expulsion of the liquid phase from the network formed by the CW molecules. It was important that the oleogels added with phosphorous presented this type of mechanical characteristic, because this provides a first approximation of the effectiveness of the material in releasing the liquid phase in which the phosphorus is contained. Once both the mechanical properties and the thermal properties of the developed oleogels were known, it was possible to propose the use of these systems as controlled release boluses, since it is expected that when they reach their active site, they will remain intact and, in turn, they will expel the liquid phase so that phosphorus is released into the animal's rumen. To have an approximation of the time in which the developed oleogels released the liquid phase, time sweeps were performed (Figure 3). The results showed that after 3 min at a constant strain and frequency, within the viscoelastic linear region, the G\({}^{\prime}\) values of all oleogels increased as a function of time. It is worth mentioning that this trend was