# Applications of Water Jet Cutting Technology in Agricultural Engineering: A Review
## 3 Applications of Water Jet Cutting Technology on Different Agricultural Materials
### Comparison of the Capability of Water Jet Cutting the above Agricultural Materials
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Authors** & **Agricultural** & **Jet Media** & **Jet Pressure (MPa)** & **Nozzle (mm)** & **Target Distance (mm)** & **Traverse Speed (m/s)** & **Cutting Capability** \\ \hline
[18; 19; 38; 42; 47] & Vegetables & Pure water jet and liquid jet & 250–330 & 0.1–0.6 & 35–150 & 0.017–0.6 & Harvesting and fresh cutting vegetables; controlling microbial cross-contamination and brownish cuts. \\ \hline
[24; 49; 50] & Fruits & Pure water jet and abrasive water jet & 200–400 & 0.08–0.76 & 3–180 & 0.005–0.3 & Peeling and cutting fruits; 20–210 mm cutting depth of sugarcane stalks; minimizing the direct contact. \\ \hline
[39; 59; 60] & Meats & Pure water jet, AWJ, and liquid jet & 50–400 & 0.1–1 & 2–90 & 0.025–0.067 & Cutting and trimming meats; less than 1 mm kerf width; 12–150 mm cutting depth; reducing meat loss (kerf width). \\ \hline
[65; 60] & Meats & Pure water jet, AWJ, and liquid jet & 50–400 & 0.1–1 & 2–90 & 0.025–0.067 & Cutting and trimming meats; less than 1 mm kerf width; 12–150 mm cutting depth; reducing meat loss (kerf width). \\ \hline
[66; 70; 71] & Woods & AWJ & 250–380 & 0.76–1 & 3–8 & 0.00083–0.35 & 15–85 μm the mean deviation of the profile (\(R\)); 2–14 μm the arithmetic mean deviation of the profile (\(R\)); 0.4–1.6 mm kerf width; 18–54 mm wood thickness; improving surface quality. \\ \hline
[22; 73; 74; 78; 82; 83] & Stems & Pure water jet and AWJ & 30–380 & 0.15–1 & 5–100 & 0.83–3.33 & Anti-blocking and weeding; 6–35 Mg/ha wheat straw stems; above 95% cut off ratio of corn stalks; cutting off single weeds. \\ \hline
[25; 36] & Soils & Liquid jet & 2–12 & 0.4–1.2 & 10–30 & 0.6–1.83 & Fertilization; 19–70 mm soil cutting depth; reducing fertilizer volatilization. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Cutting six kinds of agricultural materials under different jet media and typical parameters. the stem to avoid soil and stubble impacting the nozzle while working in the field [74]. Decreasing the target distance can reduce the volatilization of fertilizers [25]. Fourth, a low traverse speed can be combined with intelligent technology to cut fruits automatically, and it also can reduce the surface roughness of some wood products to improve their surface quality [50; 71]. When cutting stems and soils outdoors, a high traverse speed is needed to improve the operating efficiency [22; 36]. In addition to the parameters in Table 2, additional attention should be paid to the jet angle, cutting direction, abrasive flow rate, post-mixing media inlet diameter, and other parameters. For example, adjusting the jet angle can ensure that the edge is perpendicular to the wood surface or achieve the best effect of jet weeding [67; 82]. Research shows that some woods have different radial and tangential cutting results [71]. The abrasive flow rate and post-mixing media inlet diameter will change the quantity or concentration of the jet media, thereby affecting the jet impact force [25; 70; 71].