## 4 Discussion  
During the two-year trial, the seed yield of amelina crop was slightly higher in minimum tillage (Table 3). The minimum tillage for amelina crop can generate an equivalent seed yield to conventional tillage and should result in less tillage intensity in the distinctive Mediterranean environment [37; 38]. However, there has been some disagreement in previous research studies on how different oilseed crops react to soil tillage systems, with lower yields discovered under conventional tillage compared with minimum [39; 40], as well as higher yields observed under conventional tillage [41; 42] and little effect of tillage treatment [43]. Considering all the above mentioned, it is possible to conclude that the interaction effect between the tillage method and environment is more essential than the applied tillage method alone [42; 44]. In terms of fertilization, the application of different organic amendments had a significant response to the amelina seed yield. The two-year mean value of this trait was considerably greater in compost fertilizer plots (1019.4 kg\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\)), followed by vermicompost (652.8 kg\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\)), and the untreated (control: 510.7 kg\(\cdot\)ha\({}^{-1}\)) recorded the lowest yield. The current results of organically grown amelina are equal to those found in conventionally grown amelina in other Mediterranean environments around the world [12; 45; 46]. In addition, the application of compost seemed to increase seed yield by 56.16% as compared with vermicompost application. This increment could be related to the type of organic amendment (a greater proportion of compost in nitrogen and other main nutrients than vermicompost) that supplied the specific needs of the camelina crop for nutrients, as well as the improved chemical, hydro-physical, and biological properties of soils where organic amendments were applied [47; 48]. Throughout the two-year experiment, the oilseed cake extraction rate was not statistically affected by fertilization; however, the two-year average value of extraction rate was slightly higher in untreated plots (61.85%), whereas the lowest rate was offered by compost fertilizer (61.13%). The present results revealed that organic fertilization seemed to slightly reduce the values of this trait. In addition, the cake extraction rate is inversely proportional to the oil content of the seeds [29]. Consequently, these findings are in agreement with previous studies that confirmed the alternative use of organic fertilization in order to minimize the potential reductions in oil content and quality in comparison with the negative effects of synthetic fertilizers [49; 50]. The combined analysis of variance revealed that the seed cake yield of camelina was significantly influenced by organic fertilization regimes (Table 2). Specifically, the highest two-year average value was obtained from compost treatments, with the value being 97.28% higher than that of the control, respectively. The yield of oilseed cake is determined by the crop's seed yield and the residue content, which continues to exist after the significant proportion of the oil has been extracted from oilseeds (seed cake extraction rate). As a result, seed yield and seed cake residual rate correlated strongly with seed cake yield (\(r\) = 0.993, \(p\) < 0.001 and \(r\) = 0.769, \(p\) < 0.001, respectively) (Figure 3). Dry matter (DM) content of the oilseed cake was only affected by fertilization, and the highest values were found after the application of organic fertilizers (Table 4). In particular, the compost treatment presented the greatest two-year value (93.62%), followed by vermicompost (93.29%). The available nitrogen raised the DM content in a positive linear relationship. This happened as nitrogen promotes plant maturity and metabolism, causing a substantial increase in photoassimilates' accumulation and transformation into plant tissues [12; 51]. The camelina plant constitutes an excellent protein source. The crude protein (CP) content of various camelina feed components varies.