# Smart Grid Data Management in a Heterogeneous Environment with a Hybrid Load Forecasting Model
## 5 Results and Discussion (Case Study 1)
### Case Study 1: Data Management
#### 5.1.2 PIAS Web Interface  
PIAS is a web-based application that allows users to access their accounts at any place. The most common feature in the presentation tier is the interactive buttons that perform the users' desired operations [63; 64]. The application's main interface allows the user to enter their account credentials to access the account. Additionally, the user who logs into the account can choose several options, such as account information, subscriber information, reading the information, etc., that can be accessed. For example, by choosing the reading information option, the user can view the period's power consumption information. The  
Figure 5: Scatter Matrix as Visual Indicators. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Min** & **Max** & **Mean** & **Std. Deviation** & **Variance** & **Skewness** & **Kurtosis** \\ \hline Read value & \multirow{2}{*}{36,835} & \multirow{2}{*}{64,344} & \multirow{2}{*}{51,896.4} & \multirow{2}{*}{5479.97} & \multirow{2}{*}{30K+} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(-0.58\)} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.50} \\ (Energy consumption) & & & & & & & \\ T. max & 12 & 54 & 32.79 & 11.14 & 124.18 & \(-0.26\) & \(-1.31\) \\ Daily mean & 5 & 39 & 23.93 & 10.14 & 102.78 & \(-0.28\) & \(-1.41\) \\ T. min & 2 & 30 & 17.69 & 8.43 & 71.15 & \(-0.32\) & \(-1.38\) \\ Av. rainfall & 0 & 111 & 18.46 & 27.21 & 740.21 & 1.92 & 2.96 \\ Av. Rainy days & 0 & 10 & 2.61 & 2.89 & 8.37 & 0.73 & \(-0.64\) \\ Av. humidity & 20 & 76 & 40.63 & 19.55 & 382.38 & 0.36 & \(-1.48\) \\ Sunshine hours & 192 & 353 & 283.65 & 59.93 & 3592.02 & \(-0.27\) & \(-1.44\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Statistical Analysis of Dataset. application interface allows the user to select the period of choice and view the power consumed for that period while seeing the future forecast based on past trends. The user can also view the month's expected bill and detailed information about the peak hours of power consumption. It also shows climatic data to the users and their link with power consumption. All this information is displayed to the user in a compact and legible form, i.e., through graphs and tables to easily comprehend and optimize the power consumption information, decreasing the energy bills. The presentation tier is the most significant and essential part of the application's visualization that shows information to the user in an interactive manner. The proposed PIAS portal's web interfaces will allow users to access and gain information about various parameters such as energy consumption and climatic changes. The users' accounts will be encrypted using a protected password so that no one else can access the client's portal, hence protecting the client's information from unauthorized access. The portal interface is very user-friendly, which allows the user to access the account very quickly. Figure 6 shows the portal's main dashboard that the users can view after signing into their account. This dashboard displays the information about the subscriber's account and other details such as location, electricity supplier, and the type of energy phase used. Moreover, the dashboard also has a \"reading information\" tab that displays information about the subscriber's power consumption in a specified period, along with the future forecasts. This also helps the subscribers to estimate their monthly bills. By keeping track of power consumption data, monthly bills can be saved and managed. Additionally, the subscriber can also determine the peak time of usage that will promote more efficient electricity use during that period, conserving a significant amount of monthly consumption. In Figure 7, the \"account information\" tab shows all the subscriber's account details. This information includes account number, subscriber number, meter number, account type, phase name, account status, and managed by name. Additionally, the GPS location of each meter will be recorded by PIAS along with complete account profile information and meter maintenance history.