## 1 Introduction  
Monitoring systems continue to play an essential role in machine tool development. Such systems transmit data regarding the status of procedures using a data acquisition device [1]. A monitoring system comprises the process of measuring various machine characteristics [2]. With a monitoring system, it is possible to determine whether a machine is in good condition. If the condition of the machine is poor, the monitoring system can identify the source of the problem. Such systems are intertwined with several contributions to the development of measurement technologies. Decision support systems employ neural networks, fuzzy logic, and Bayesian networks [3]. These technologies have been enhanced by the Internet of Things (IoT) and can therefore accomplish their objectives as a cyber-physical system machine tool (CPMT). Therefore, considerable efforts have been invested in the development of monitoring devices with IoT-based systems for machine tools. [PERSON] et al. [4] developed a remote monitoring and maintenance system (RMMS) for machine tools. This technology was created to provide remote monitoring, diagnosis, and service maintenance to thousands of machine tools connected to a central server through the Internet or mobile phone networks. It has been demonstrated that the preventative maintenance feature of an RMMS may prevent machine tool downtime. Such technology has been deployed in Japan by interconnecting more than 8000 machine tools globally. For the advancement of computerized numerical control (CNC) workshops, wireless technologies and a CAD/CAM system were incorporated in a study by [PERSON] et al. [5]. IoT-based CNC monitoring automates the recording of production data, thereby reducing paperwork, aiding in decision making, promoting labor productivity, facilitating predictive maintenance, and enhancing occupational health and safety. In addition, wireless modules can be transformed into wireless direct numerical control (DNC) network systems. [PERSON] et al. [6] estimated the cost of implementing IoT architecture within an old system, creating a modular IoT infrastructure for the remote monitoring and repair of machine tools. [PERSON] et al. [7] created an IoT-based optical noncontact, five-axis machine tool calibration system that can rapidly and precisely detect the relative linear movement of a five-axis machining tool. Furthermore, this gadget was constructed using 3D detection signals, an incorporated data-calculating engine, and a Wi-Fi connection module, with the advantages of a straightforward setup, low price, and high-accuracy features for the calibration of the five-axis motor and static errors. [PERSON] et al. [8] constructed an IoT-based monitoring system for lathes primarily designed to monitor the vibration state of the lathe during milling. Sensors were implanted at three distinct locations using a commercial accelerometer. The data are concurrently sent directly to the cloud through the node MCU. [PERSON] et al. [9] created a remote monitoring and maintenance system for machine toolmakers. The technology was designed to remotely monitor the operational state of machine tools to improve client productivity, with remote maintenance accessible via mobile phones, allowing the client and machine toolmaker to communicate. This technology has been deployed in more than a hundred thousand machine tools. [PERSON] et al. [10] utilized an IoT-based gadget for machine-tool maintenance. This IoT gadget includes data-collecting devices capable of auto-learning during milling. The device can gather acceleration and temperature data at 1 kHz with a 100 kbps baud rate and beyond 12 \({}^{\circ}\)C with a 400 kbps baud rate with a single 14 byte read. In addition, this gadget was fitted with a camera module to capture infrared light within the wavelength range of 8-14 \(\upmu\)m. [PERSON] et al. [11] presented an innovative monitoring method for firms with limited resources and labor-intensive tactics (small- and medium-sized enterprises).