## 3 Results
### Plant-Pollinator Interactions
The color of the basal line refers to the urban green type (blue = modern parks; dark violet = historic parks, and purple = green street spaces). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Taxa (a)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Thared Partners**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Niche Overlap**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Partners Diversity**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Shannon**} \\  & & & **Taxa** & & **Taxa** & & **Plants** & **Pollinators** & **Plants** & **Pollinators** & **Plants** & **Pollinators** & **Index** & \\ \hline Historic city & 2020 & 16 & 14 & 1.4 & 0.98 & 0.57 & 0.35 & 0.11 & 0.69 & 1.38 & 3.04 & 0.48 \\ park A & 2021 & 23 & 16 & 1.71 & 0.84 & 0.83 & 0.31 & 0.14 & 0.96 & 1.69 & 3.81 & 0.48 \\ \hline Historic city & 2020 & 11 & 8 & 1.21 & 0.72 & 0.57 & 0.4 & 0.12 & 0.57 & 1.13 & 2.7 & 0.47 \\ park B & 2021 & 22 & 20 & 1.61 & 0.82 & 0.62 & 0.32 & 0.15 & 0.89 & 1.59 & 3.54 & 0.49 \\ \hline Modern park C & 2020 & 9 & 8 & 1.35 & 0.91 & 0.75 & 0.55 & 0.21 & 0.59 & 0.92 & 1.96 & 0.20 \\  & 2021 & 19 & 16 & 1.62 & 1.08 & 0.83 & 0.49 & 0.17 & 0.86 & 1.53 & 2.99 & 0.34 \\ \hline Modern park D & 2020 & 11 & 10 & 1.52 & 1.18 & 0.97 & 0.56 & 0.25 & 0.85 & 1.28 & 2.56 & 0.20 \\  & 2021 & 16 & 18 & 1.32 & 0.76 & 0.44 & 0.34 & 0.15 & 1.07 & 1.15 & 2.85 & 0.33 \\ \hline Modern park E & 2020 & 9 & 9 & 1.27 & 0.88 & 1.05 & 0.47 & 0.32 & 1.06 & 1.08 & 2.35 & 0.18 \\  & 2021 & 18 & 17 & 1.4 & 0.88 & 0.51 & 0.43 & 0.16 & 1.09 & 1.37 & 3.12 & 0.37 \\ \hline Roundabout F & 2020 & 3 & 11 & 1.14 & 1.66 & 1.1 & 0.36 & 0.94 & 1.52 & 0.42 & 2.02 & 0.07 \\  & 2021 & 2 & 10 & 1.08 & 3.00 & 0.84 & 0.46 & 0.65 & 1.40 & 0.21 & 1.81 & 0.14 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Results of network analysis expressed as Plant and Pollinator Taxa over the two years, Links per Taxa, Mean Shared Partners, Niche Overlap, Partners Diversity for both levels, Shannon Diversity Index, and Modularity. About the variation in network metrics in relation to urban green areas, there was a significant difference in the number of plants among the different types of areas (F = 26.99, \(p\) = 0.001), with a notable distinction between the green street spaces and the historic (\(p\) = 0.0012) and modern parks (\(p\) = 0.051). The same trend was found in modularity (F = 56.128, \(p\) = 0.01), with a significant difference between the green street space and the historic (\(p\) = 0.0003) and modern parks (\(p\) = 0.039), as well as between the historic and modern parks (\(p\) = 0.002). Additionally, there was significance in the Shannon diversity index of interactions (F = 6.71, \(p\) = 0.016), with a notable difference between the green street spaces and the historic areas (\(p\) = 0.017). For the pollinator niche overlap (chi-squared = 8.88, df = 2, \(p\) = 0.01) and the plant niche overlap (F = 4. 139, \(p\) = 0.053), a slightly statistically significant difference in the variation was found between the historic and modern parks (\(p\) = 0.056). No differences emerged across the urban green spaces in the mean number of pollinator taxa (F = 0.549, \(p\) = 0.59) and that of the shared pollinator partners (F = 1.65, \(p\) = 0.24), while the shared plant partners showed a slightly statistically significant difference (chi-squared = 5.78, df = 2, \(p\) = 0.055). Table 5 reports the results of the network analysis performed over the two years. The difference in the number of plant and bee pollinator taxa between the two years is primarily attributed to the longer observation period in 2021 compared to 2020, which allowed for the recording of interactions with a greater variety of flowering plants. A substantial degree of niche overlap (0.94 in 2020 and 0.65 in 2021) was observed among the pollinators in roundabout \"F\", where a limited range of plant species was present. The Shannon diversity index revealed notable differences according to the sites. Index values higher than three were recorded in historic city park \"A\" in both years and in modern park \"E\" and historic city park \"B\" in 2021.