## 7 Preclinical Studies
### In Vivo Studies
The in vivo studies related to the effects of MSCs and MSC-Exo on the cells relating to innate and adaptive immunity, described in this section, are summarized in Table 3.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt}} \hline
**Poorials Model** & **Animals, Age** & **Source and Tissue Origin of MSCs** & **Route of Administration Number of Repetitions** & **Dosage** & **Mechanism of Action** & **Therapeutic Outcome** & **Reference** \\ \hline IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & C57 BL/6 mice, 8 weeks & Human-unphillical-corid-blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSC) & Subcutaneous injection, 2 times (24 h before and at day 6 of IMQ application) & MSCs overvevems SOLO, to prevent the severity and progression of psoriasis through the regulation of immune cell infiltration and functions, specifically DCs, and neutrophils, and ThT cells, and by regulating epidermal functions, various immune cells & Immunomodulatory effect on regulator effect on immune cells, & [129] \\  & C57 BL/6 mice, cord-blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSC) & Subcutaneous injection, 2 times (24 h before and at day 6 of IMQ application) & \(2\times 10^{6}\) cells & MSCs prevent the infiltration of immune cells, & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\ IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & C57 BL/6 mice, 8 weeks & Human-unphillical-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSC) & Subcutaneous injection, 24 hours (24 h before and at day 6 of IMQ application) & \(2\times 10^{6}\) cells & MSCs werevems the infiltration of immune cells (CD4 T cells, CD10 cells, and CD11+ cells) & Anti-inflammatory effect and regulatory effect on immune cells. & [134] \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\ IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & C57 BL/6 mice, 8 weeks & T-MSC & Intravenous & T-MSC & which leads to downregulation in gene expression of IL2, TNF-s-, IL-17, IL-22, and CCL20. & Immunosuppressive effect. & [135] \\  & & &  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt} p{42.7 pt}} \hline
**Poriasis Model** & **Animals, Age** & **Source and Tissue Origin of MSCs** & **Route of Administration Number of Repetitions** & **Dosage** & **Mechanism of Action** & **Therapeutic Outcome** & **Reference** \\ \hline  & & & & & MSCs infusion inhibited the infiltration of immune cells, T cells (C03 cells), neutrophils (G-1\({}^{\circ}\)1 & & \\ IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & BALB/c mice, female, 8 weeks & Intravenous administration after 6 consecutive days of IMQ application & \(1\times 10^{6}\) cells & MSCs reduce the expression level of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, L2-18, L1-15) and keratinocyte differentiation markers & Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. & [136] \\  & & & & & (1500Å, ST100Å, ST100Å, ST100Å, ST100Å, ST100Å) and also increase the expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. & & \\ \hline IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & C57 BL/ 6] mice & hAMSC & Injection into each mouse ear & \(5\times 10^{5}\) cells & hAMSC alleviates the keratinocyte response to proinflammatorylamatory cytokines JL-17A and L2-2 and chemokine CXCL. & [137] \\ \hline IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation & & & Daily topical application on day 3 and day 4 days (two or 7 days (two or 7 days) using different batches of exosomes) & 100 mg/mL, 200 mL per mouse & Topically applied MSC-Eo reduce the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17, L2-12) and inhibit C5b-9 activation through CD59 in the stratum comeu. & Anti-inflammatory effect.