## 2 Study Area and Data
### Experimental Data  
GF-3 is China's first C-band full-polarization SAR satellite. It was successfully launched on 10 August 2016. Subsequently, C-SAR/01 and C-SAR/02, its two successor satellites, were launched on 23 November 2021 and 7 April 2022, respectively. These C-SAR satellites, boasting a remarkable 1 m resolution, along with the Gaofen-3 scientific test satellites, collectively constitute China's comprehensive constellation of ocean surveillance and monitoring satellites. For a comprehensive understanding of the GF-3 satellite's parameters, please refer to the provided reference [16]. Both C-SAR/01 and C-SAR/02 belong to the C-band category and share the same fundamental parameters as GF-3. Details regarding specific imaging modes are presented in Table 1.  
In this study, Level-1A Single Look Complex (SLC) images were employed as the primary data sources. These images were acquired during the period of October to November 2022, encompassing two GF-3 images, four C-SAR/01 images, and five C-SAR/02 images. Figure 2 depicts the respective data extents for these three satellites, delineated by double (GF-3), dashed (C-SAR/01), and solid lines (C-SAR/02). Different satellite imaging modes, namely ultrafine strip (UFS), fine strip I (FSI), quad polarization strip I (QPSI) [16], fine strip II (FSII), and quad polarization strip II (QPSII), are represented in Figure 2 with different colors. To differentiate images captured on different dates but belonging to the same satellite and mode, the lines vary in width. Among these modes, the FSII mode (indicated by a blue border) boasted the broadest image coverage, followed by the FSI mode (marked by a green border) and QPSII mode (displayed with a yellow border). In contrast, the UFS mode (represented by a purple border) and QPSI mode (denoted by  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Imaging Mode** & **Nominal Resolution/m** & **Swath Width/km** & **Polarization** \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Spotlight (SL)} & 1 & 10 & HH/VV \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Ultra-Fine Strip (UPS)} & 3 & 30 & HH/VV \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Fine Strip I (PSI)} & 5 & 50 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Fine Strip II (FSII)} & 10 & 100 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Standard Strip (SS)} & 25 & 130 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Quad Polarization Strip} & 8 & 30 & Quad-polarization \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{1 (QPSI)} & & \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Quad Polarization Strip} & 25 & 40 & Quad-polarization \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{II (QPSII)} & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Scan} & Narrow ScanSAR (NSC) & 50 & 300 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Wide ScanSAR (WSC)} & 100 & 500 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{Global (GLO)} & 500 & 650 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Wave imaging (WAV)} & 8 & 20 & Quad-polarization \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Expanded incidence} & Low Incidence & 25 & 130 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{angle (EXT)} & High Incidence & 25 & 80 & HH + HV/VV + VH \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Imaging modes and parameters of GF-3.  
Figure 1: Two deployment schemes for automatic CRs in the experimental area.  
an orange border) had the smallest coverage. Three of the images were captured during ascending orbit right-look and eight were acquired during descending orbit right-look. The detailed parameters of each image are shown in Table 2.