# Implementation of the 3-30-300 Green City Concept: Warsaw Case Study
## 4 Discussion  
In the research carried out, analyses were performed to answer the question of whether Warsaw can be considered a green city, as envisaged by the 3-30-300 concept. As part of the research, the concept's assumptions regarding the visibility of the three trees were refined. In addition, a subdivision of the buildings into flats was simulated in order to check whether it is possible to see three trees from each side of the buildings. It was also clarified what type of land is considered green space. Due to the lack of clear definitions, two green space options were analyzed. The results showed that when single conditions of the studied concept are taken Into account, both in the whole city and in individual districts, the situation of access to greenery is not as bad as one might think. However, taking into account several conditions at the same time, only a few eastern districts of Warsaw can be considered largely green. The rest of the city cannot be called green, and, consequently, it is not legitimate to call the whole of Warsaw a green city, either. This brings us to the answer to the first of the research questions posed. The whole of Warsaw, despite the presence of many trees and green areas in it, unfortunately, cannot be considered a green city, according to the 3-30-300 concept. The districts of Rembertow, Wesola, and Wawer are the closest to meeting the conditions of the concept. The results of the study showed that the mere visibility, from flats, of three trees or not too far from a park/forest gives not the worst results (almost 58% and 45%, respectively), suggesting that vegetation is generally present in Warsaw's housing estates. However, the very poor final result is definitely negatively influenced by the coverage of districts below 30% greenery in the form of parks/forests. This brings us to the answer to the second research question and suggests that there are far too few green areas in the city and that they are distributed unevenly across Warsaw. This confirms the fairly common opinion that while there are quite a lot of parks and even forests in the city, they are only found In certain districts. The capital definitely lacks smaller squares and parks. This situation applies to most of Warsaw's districts, but in areas of very intensive new development, where many blocks of flats are now being built without any recreational infrastructure, including no green areas, it is downright alarming (Figure 17). Such a situation is encountered in Ursus, Bemowo, Wlochy, and Mokotow, to mention only a few. The aim of our research was not to find a recipe for making Warsaw a green city but to identify places where intervention is needed. Warsaw has a fairly good policy for greening the city, but it can be observed that interventions are not always carried out in areas where they are most needed. While it is not easy to create new parks, especially in older, densely developed areas, it is possible to create new green spaces in newly developed settlements. Our research has shown that this type of action is urgently needed. Moreover, planting new trees seems to be the easiest thing to do, especially as this type of work is carried out on a large scale in Warsaw and especially within the framework of tasks selected within the participatory budget. Unfortunately, new trees are often planted where they are already abundant, rather than where they are lacking. Our research shows where these actions are most needed. And, of course, the greatest need is in areas with large blocks of flats where, for example, trees are visible on one side of the building but not on the other. This is definitely less of a problem in single-family homes--trees are clearly more visible in areaswith more detached houses. There is definitely more greenery there, but it is mainly located in private areas, not public ones, because the residents take care of it themselves.