## 3 Results and Discussion
### Field Test  
Our results have demonstrated that the magnitude of the meteorological parameters was less variable in the hotter month than in winter. During August, the daily average temperature remained relatively stable, around 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C outside the vineyard canopy and 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C inside, during the whole recording (Figure 8). During October, the temperature daily average decreased to low values for both positions, with a daily minimum of 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 18 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and a daily maximum of 17 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 22 \({}^{\circ}\)C, outside and inside the canopy correspondently. Accordingly, the daily average of relative humidity (RH) during August recorded values around 70% outside the canopy and around 80% inside, with a daily maximum of 73% outside the canopy and a daily maximum of 85% inside. However, during October, RH daily average outside the canopy registered very low values arriving to a minimum of 40% while inside the canopy recorded high values arriving at a maximum of 98%. The sensor has recorded high values of temperature outside the canopy, during August, compared with the inside. During October, the temperature values recorded were higher inside the canopy rather than outside (Figure 9). Regarding the humidity percentage, inside the canopy registered more humid values compared to outside during both months (Figure 9). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & **Setup Values** & \\ \hline
**Parameter** & **Value** & **Notes** \\ \hline Sampling time interval & 1 h & - \\ Sample collection time & 2 s & Average value of 10 samples \\ Upload time interval & 168 h & 1 week \\ Upload duration & 10 s & 9600 baud \\ Overall consumption & 1.04 mAh & In one week \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: An example of working conditions of AgriLogger sensor depending on the preferred settings to be applied. Figure 8: Daily average of temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C) and relative humidity (%) recorded by agriLogger sensors positioned inside and outside a vineyard canopy in August and October. The impact of a plantation canopy on understory microclimate is directly and indirectly associated with the presence of the canopy structure presented by stems, branches, and leaves. This structure reflects and absorbs a significant part of the solar radiation during the day, which results in allowing less energy to reach below the canopy [22]. For this reason, the temperature inside the canopy was less than outside in our assay. However, the degree of absorption is broadly determined by stand structure and species composition [22; 23; 24; 25]. Moreover, the differences of average RH recorded during October by the sensors can be explained by the fact that the canopy provides resistance from the mixing of air and the exchange of air with the surrounding atmosphere [22; 26]. In addition to the effect of evaporation from soil and wet plant surfaces along with the transpiration displayed by leaves, which all contribute to adding water to the air while cooling and therefore lowering the water holding capacity of the air, which causes thus the general increase of relative humidity below canopy [22; 27]. In line with our results, many previous studies have confirmed the behavior of microclimatic conditions during different seasons inside and outside a plantation canopy. For instance, [PERSON] and his colleagues [28] have showed that the temperature outside cacao canopy always remained higher than inside during summer. During winter, temperatures outside and inside were not observed to change very much. On the other hand, relative humidity inside the cacao canopy was moderately higher during the summer and extremely higher during winter compared to the outside. Moreover, a recent study on a pine forest demonstrated that the plantation canopy lowered daily maximum air temperature by up to 5.1 \({}^{\circ}\)C and increased daily minimum relative humidity by up to 12.4%, which are ranges that will significantly affect growth of understory tree seedlings.