## 5 Conclusions  
Our work shed light on the potential causes of flower diversification in _Jaborosa_, complementing our previous finding of differences in sensory aspects of corolla color evolution between clades [56]). One important conclusion is that comparative studies such as ours are limited by enormous challenges--remote sampling, unstandardized methods, species refractory to cultivation--that are not often addressed in the literature. The use of a combined approach based on complementary modes of chemical analysis, multivariate analysis of the resulting scent profiles, ENMs to estimate environmental suitability areas, ancestral reconstruction of floral VOCs and pollination modes and the phylogenetic comparative method allowed us to conclude that the ability of _Jaborosa_ plants to colonize newly formed environments during Andean orogen and the ecological changes that followed were concomitant with significative changes in flower scent composition, several of which are known to trigger specific responses in nocturnal nectar-feeding hawkmoths and diurnal saprophilous flies. Selective forces exerted by specific groups of pollinators and geoclimatic variables that directly or indirectly shape flower traits (scent, color and shape) combine to explain the phenotypic differences we observed across the geographical range of this endemic South American genus. The following are available online at [[https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/plants10081512/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/plants10081512/s1)]([https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/plants10081512/s1](https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/plants10081512/s1)), Figure S1: Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of the floral scent profiles of Jaborosa sativa vary-ing the number and fresh mass of whole and dissected flowers (Supplementary Table S4). Figure S2: Metabolic series of rare floral scent compounds in _Jaborosa_. A. Sulfur metabolism in flowers of _J. sativa_. B. Nitrogen metabolism in flowers of _J. liciniata_. Figure S3:Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) shown floral scent samples that are shown averaged per species in Figure 3. White circles show _Jabrosa_ samples (_J. runcinata_: 1-2, _J. integrifolia_: 3-4, _J. odonelliana_: 5-6, _J. reflexa_: 7-16, _J. sativa_: 17-18, _J. rotacan_: 19-20, _J. leucotrichia_: 21-22, _J. lacinita_: 23-25), and red crosses the floral scent VOCs from Table S3. Figure S4: Environmental niche of _Jabrosa reflexa_ and co-existing _Jabrosa_ species. Table S1. Permutation importance value (%) of the bioclimatic variables used for the ecological niche models (ENMs) of the Andean and the Subtropical Lowland clades of _Jabrosa_. Table S2. Floral scent composition and emission rates from single flowers of _Jabrosa integrifolia_ and _J. runcinata_, collected using dynamic headspace methods and analyzed via GC-MS. Table S3. Floral scent composition (presence, relative %) for eight species of _Jabrosa_, collected using solid-phase extraction micro-traps, combined with thermal desorption-GC-MS. Table S4. Intensive study of floral volatiles from _Jabrosa sativa_ using SPME-GC-MS with a polar (EC-Wax) GC column, varying the number and fresh mass of whole and dissociated flowers. Table S5. Incremental increase in sampling time for cut flowers of _Jabrosa leucotrichia_, collected and analyzed using TD-GC-MS on a non-polar (DB-5) GC column. Table S6. Phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) correlations between scent axes (NMDS1 and NMDS2 axes from Figure 3) and environmental axes (PC1 and PC2 axes from the environmental PCA). Two evolutionary models were fitted for correlated evolution: Brownian motion (BM, [139]) and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU, [PERSON], 1997). Table S7. Provenance data for the eight Jabrosa species studied. We provide information about floral scent collection method (SPE: Solid-phase extraction microtraps combined with thermal de-sorption, SPME: Solid-phase micro extraction fibers, Solvent: dynamic headspace desorbed with solvent), human perception of floral scent and pollination mode.