# Critical Study Quality Management for the Anti-Seepage System in Macau's Landfill Area
## 5 Discussion
### Quality Control and Assessment  
2.1 Introducing Quality Inspection Methods and Tools, including Non-Destructive Testing and Sampling  
In the context of the landfill anti-seepage system project, quality inspection plays a pivotal role in ensuring that construction quality meets the anticipated standards. The following methods and tools are commonly employed for quality inspection:  
Non-destructive testing (NDT): NDT techniques are utilized to gather information about material properties and structural integrity without causing any damage to the engineering structure. In the anti-seepage system project, innovative methods such as electrical resistivity testing and ground-penetrating radar can be employed to monitor the quality of the anti-seepage layer in real time. These advanced techniques enable the project team to detect any potential weaknesses or defects in the system, ensuring its long-term effectiveness. Sampling inspection: In order to evaluate the construction quality, sampling inspection is carried out by testing samples taken from the construction site. These samples effectively reflect the overall construction quality to a certain extent. Well-designed sampling inspection methods not only improve the efficiency of the quality inspection process but also reduce inspection costs. By carefully selecting and testing samples, it becomes possible to identify any deviations from the anticipated standards and take corrective measures promptly. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**No. **} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Control Items**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Main Control Points**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Responsible Person**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Control Basis**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Remarks**} \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{1} & \multirow{8}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} Groundwater \\ Diversion Project \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{8}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} Depot Site \\ \end{tabular}  } & \begin{tabular}{c} Levelling longitudinal and \\ transverse slope, compaction, \\ bearing capacity \\ \end{tabular}  & Surveyor, tester & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & & Blind Ditch & Size, spacing, burial depth & \begin{tabular}{c} Surveyor, quality \\ inspector \\ \end{tabular}  & Construction drawings, \\  & & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & & Gravel derlector & \begin{tabular}{c} Gravel particle size, laying \\ method, Laying thickness, \\ anti-filtration layer thickness \\ \end{tabular}  & \begin{tabular}{c} Constructor, quality \\ inspector \\ \end{tabular}  & \begin{tabular}{c} Instructions, technical \\ delivery \\ \end{tabular}  \\  & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & & Drainage wells & \begin{tabular}{c} Groundwater control, axis \\ and elevation on piles, cement \\ collapse, pouring, \\ maintenance time \\ \end{tabular}  & \begin{tabular}{c} Project general \\ engineer, quality \\ inspector, constructor \\ \end{tabular}  & & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{HDPE membrane} & \multirow{8}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} HDPE membrane \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{8}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} Thickness, verticality of cut \\ edges, laying sequence joint \\ direction location quantity: \\ welding method time \\ between welding machine \\ songs. lap width ambient \\ temperature, leakage \\ detection of welds, weld \\ qualification rate, finished \\ product protection \\ \end{tabular}  } & Constructor, quality  
On-site inspection: Regular on-site inspections are conducted to meticulously audit various aspects of the project. Expert inspection personnel thoroughly examine the material  
Figure 8: Source: The Land and Urban Construction Bureau of Macao. Figure 7: Quality control of sub-projects. als, processes, and equipment during the construction phase. By closely monitoring the construction activities, any potential issues or non-compliance with the desired standards can be identified promptly. This allows the project team to take immediate action, rectify the problems, and ensure that the construction quality is maintained at the highest level.