## 1 Introduction  
Solar greenhouses not only play a significant role in facility agriculture production in China but also serve as an exemplary facility for environmentally friendly and low-carbon crop cultivation worldwide [1; 2; 3]. In 2022, China's facility horticulture area accounted for more than 80% of the world's total facility horticulture area, totaling more than 2.8 million \(\mathrm{hm}^{2}\), of which the total area of solar greenhouses was 0.81 million \(\mathrm{hm}^{2}\)[4]. The solar greenhouses are considered as flexible structures, with most of their components being long and slender bars. The connecting between these components is primarily achieved through single-bolt connections or spot welding [5]. In windy conditions, the structures of solar greenhouses can be vulnerable to damage [6; 7; 8], resulting in both economic losses and potential threats to personnel safety. Understanding the mechanisms of wind-induced stresses on solar greenhouse roofing is of significant importance due to their susceptibility to such damage. Many scholars [9; 10; 11] have carried out relevant research through wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. For example, the effect of shape [12], span number [13], and incoming wind direction [14] on the surface wind pressure of the solar greenhouse have been studied. Still, there are fewer studies about the effect of factors such as span, ridge height, and dimensions on wind pressure distribution and shape factors of wind load of solar greenhouses. Regarding the influence of building dimensions on wind load, [PERSON] et al. [15] conducted wind tunnel experiments to examine the peak distribution of wind pressure coefficients on the ceilings and walls of end-type and corner-type arcades in buildings of varying heights. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] analyzed the effect of the height of the parquet on the average wind pressure on the surface of a flat roof and found that the wind pressure tended to be uniform when the roof reaches a certain height. [PERSON] et al. [17] investigated the effect of parameters such as long-span ratio and rise-span ratio on shape factor of the roof by numerical simulation and found that the two ratios have a more significant effect on shape factor. [PERSON] et al. [18] investigated the effect of aspect ratio on the surface wind load of the roof through wind tunnel experiments and pointed out that the aspect ratio has a significant impact on the maximum wind pressure coefficient in the roof's corner regions. [PERSON] et al. [19] presents a parametric investigation focusing on variations in the length of facade brackets, the length of facade fins, and wind orientation through computational fluid dynamics analysis. The primary objective is to identify the optimal design configuration that mitigates wind pressures acting upon the facade components. [PERSON] et al. [20] studied the effect of the rise-span ratio on the shape factor of wind load of a fan-shaped building through numerical simulation and proved that the shape factors on all the zones of the surface decreased with the increase in the rise-span ratio. Relevant research indicates that the influence of dimensions on the surface wind pressure distribution in solar greenhouses should not be overlooked. However, the current China codes, Load Code for the Design of Building Structures [21] and Code for the Design Load of Horticultural Greenhouse Structures [22], which are applicable to low-rise structures with shapes similar to solar greenhouses, do not account for the influence of dimension of structure on the wind load shape factor. In recent years, the development of solar greenhouses in alpine cold regions of China has been rapid. The diversity in dimensions of solar greenhouses, including span, ridge height, and north wall height results from variations in construction periods and specific planting requirements.