## 4 Experimental Results Analysis and Discussion
### Case Study for \(Est\) Calculation  
The energy-saving analysis was conducted by taking one parking lot as a demonstration. We assume that the parking lot is divided into 16 zones. Each zone has 16 LED lights for a total of 256 LED lights. Assuming that all are changed to the proposed IoT-based intelligent LED lights, we use the reduction in electricity consumption over the same period of the year to illustrates its energy-saving effects and expected results. The proposed system can set the parameter settings of each proposed IoT-based intelligent LED light in the parking lot via the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz wireless transmission module without wasting human resources.  
We use 265 lights to estimate the reduction in electricity consumption over the same period of the year. Still, to calculate electricity consumption more accurately, we assume that 12 people pass through each light hour (approximately one person passes) for 5 min, which is more average. We can directly refer to Table 3 to calculate (directly take the \(E_{\text{py}}\), \(D_{\text{py}}\), \(M_{\text{py}}\), and \(C_{\text{py}}\) values of \(f\) = 12), as follows:  
1. The power consumption of 256 lights of this work in one year (\(E_{\text{py}}\) value of \(f\) = 12 is 24.966): 24.966 \(\ast\) 256 = 6391.296 kW h.
2. 15 W T8 LED tube (non-inductive light, only 15 W in full light mode): \(15\)\(\ast\) 24 \(\ast\) 365 \(\ast\) 256 = 33,638,400 W h = 33,638.4 kW h.
3. Reduced power consumption per year for 256 lights (\(D_{\text{py}}\) value of \(f\) = 12 is 106.434): 106.434 \(\ast\) 256 = 27,247.104 kW h.
4. Reduced cost of 256 lights in one year (\(M_{\text{py}}\) value of \(f\) = 12 is 425.736): 425.736 \(\ast\) 256 = 108,988.416 TWD.
5. Carbon emissions reduced by 256 lights in one year (\(C_{\text{py}}\) value of \(f\) = 12 is 66.308): 66.308 \(\ast\) 256 = 16,974.848 kgCO\({}_{\text{2}}\)e.  
Therefore, as long as we change all 16 zones of the parking lot (each zone has 16 LED lights) to the proposed IoT-based intelligent LED lights, we can obtain the following expected results (assuming that there are 24 h a day, 12 people pass by every hour, and every degree is 4 TWD (Yuan)). Please note that the above calculation is only for the LED light part, and the part of the control circuit is omitted. Reduced electricity consumption, cost, and carbon emissions of the parking lot during the same year by using the proposed system are shown in Table 8. Finally, the \(ESR\) achieves 81% energy efficiency, saves 180,998.416 TWD/year, and reduces CO\({}_{\text{2}}\) emissions by about 16,974.848 kgCO\({}_{\text{2}}\)e.  
Figure 13: The measured hourly (H) \(ESR\) change chart of a parking lot. (**a**) Monday; (**b**) Tuesday; (**c**) Wednesday; (**d**) Thursday; (**e**) Friday; (**f**) Saturday; (**g**) Sunday; (**h**) whole week.  
As a result, if the area is reduced to a 100 square meter parking lot, the illuminance standard of a general parking lot is about 100-200 LUX. According to actual measurement, installing an LED tube every 2.5 m can meet this requirement, so a 100 square meter parking lot is approximately \((10/2.5)*(10/2.5)=\)16 LED lights are needed to illuminate. When converted in Table 8, the annual electricity bill can be saved by 108,988.416/16 = CNY 6811.776 (the same is assuming 24 h a day, every hour 12 people are passing by and 4 TWD per degree).