## 7 Main Conclusions  
1. Research on roof caving intervals under different advancing rates reveals that both the initial caving interval of the immediate roof and the first weighting interval of the main roof exhibit dependence on advancing rates. Specifically, these intervals increase progressively with higher advancing rates.
2. Through the establishment of a mechanical model for overburden fracture structures, combined with theoretical analysis, field measurements, and numerical simulations, it is demonstrated that abutment pressure ahead of the working face correlates significantly with advancing rates. Increasing advancing rates reduce the influence range  
Figure 25: Relationship between advance rate and single-event microseismic energy.  
of abutment pressure while amplifying its peak magnitude and shifting the peak location toward the coal wall.
3. An investigation into support resistance under varying advancing rates indicates a clear relationship between the periodic weighting interval of the main roof and advancing rates. Transitioning from low-speed (e.g., 4 m/d) to high-speed advancing (e.g., 10 m/d) increases the periodic weighting interval by 31.8% and intensifies the weighting magnitude by 1%.
4. Microseismic activity demonstrates a distinct advancing rate effect. Both the daily microseismic event frequency and cumulative energy escalate with increasing advancing rates. During high-speed advancing phases, the average daily event counts rise from 1.4 events/d to 3.4 events/d, while daily energy increases from 9.4 \(\times\) 10\({}^{3}\) J to 2.2 \(\times\) 10\({}^{4}\) J, representing a 59.3% enhancement.
5. A critical threshold of 40 kJ/d is established as the production-limiting criteria for microseismic energy during low-speed advancing phases. Similarly, 50 kJ/d serves as the critical threshold for high-speed phases. Upon reaching these thresholds, strategic reduction in advancing rates is recommended, specifically by reducing daily advance distance by two cutting cycles.
6. A dynamic control methodology for strata pressure manifestations is proposed, centering on advancing rate optimization. By analyzing the relationship between single-event microseismic energy release and advancing rates, the optimal advancing rate for Panel 12308 is determined as 6 m/d, which was validated through practical applications.  
Conceptualization, F.Y.; Writing--review and editing, F.Y.; Funding acquisition, F.Y.; Supervision, F.Y.; Writing--original draft preparation, B.L.; Methodology, B.L.; Visualization, B.L.; Software, J.Y.; Validation, B.L. and J.Y.; Investigation, B.L. and J.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 51704181) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (grant number: ZR2022 ME158). The article processing charge (APC) was supported by Prof. [PERSON].  
Not applicable.  
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Haohua Hongqinglining Mining Co., Ltd., Ordos City for providing the original data used in this study. We also extend our sincere appreciation to [PERSON] and [PERSON] from the company for their valuable data support and contributions to this research.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.