## 2 Internet of Things for Healthcare
### IoT Open-Source Platforms and Operating Systems
With the exception of RIOT and DSA, all the presented platforms support device management. Regarding security protocols, RIOT, Calvin-Base, Cylon.js, Brillo, and Contiki do not support native security features. Although, there are third-party plugins to manage the security issues of these platforms. In general, all the platforms use MQTT and REST APIs to provide data collection and integration features support, with the exception of Calvin-Base that uses a specific language syntax script for device configuration and Platformio that use CI (continuous integration). CI is the practice, in software engineering, of merging all developer working copies with a shared mainline several times a day. The data analysis and visualization are extremely important features as IoT devices generate a lot of data. Platformio, RIOT, ARM mbed, Ubuntu Core, and Cylon.js platforms do not have analytics support. The raw and unstructured data collected by IoT devices must be processed in order to create structured data for analytics, pattern analysis, visualization, and charting. Consequentially, these platforms are not recommended by the authors for healthcare applications as the analytics feature is significant for clinical analysis and diagnosis. Platformio, RIOT, ARM mbed, IoTivity, Calvin-Base, Cylon.js, and Contiki platforms do not provide storage features. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**IoT Platform** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Device** \\ **Management** \\ \end{tabular} & **Security** & **Open-Source** & **Data Collection** & **Integration** & **Analytics** & **Visualization** & **Storage** \\ \hline SiteWhere & \(\surd\) & SSL, Spring Security & \(\surd\) & MQTT, JSON, AMQP, WebSockets & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline DeviceHive & \(\surd\) & JSON Web Tokens & \(\surd\) & REST API, MQTT & REST API, MQTT & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline Platformo & \(\surd\) & SSL & \(\surd\) & REST API, MQTT & Continuous & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\  & & & & Integration Software & & & \\ \hline ROT & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) & COAP, MQTT & REST API & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline ARM mbed & \(\surd\) &
\begin{tabular}{c} SSL/TLS, X509 \\ Certificate \\ \end{tabular} & \(\surd\) & REST API, MQTT & REST API & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline Ubuntu Core & \(\surd\) & RSA, SSH & \(\surd\) & MQTT, AMQP & REST API & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline IoTivity & \(\surd\) & DTLS/TLS & \(\surd\) & Message Queue & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline DSA & \(\times\) & Basic Authentication & \(\surd\) & HTTP & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline Calvin-Base & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) & REST API, HTTP & CalvinScript & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline Cylon.js & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) & REST API, MQTT & REST API & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline Brillo & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) & REST API & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline Contiki & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\surd\) & REST API & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) \\ \hline Netbeast & \(\surd\) & TLS/SSL & \(\surd\) & HTTP, MQTT & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline Kaa & \(\surd\) & TLS/DTLS & \(\surd\) & MQTT, CoAP & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline ThingsBoard & \(\surd\) & TLS & \(\surd\) & MQTT, CoAP, HTTP & REST API & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) & \(\surd\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: IoT platforms and operating systems comparison (\(\surd\): apply; \(\times\): not apply). For healthcare applications, the authors recommend the Kaa platform. This platform supports open protocols, encryption channels for data security, and provides data analytics, visualization, and storage.