## 5 Medicinal Plants and Obesity
Berberine consumption significantly decreased body mass index and alleviates waist circumference (WC) [215]. Cooked mung bean may prevent obesity in mice fed with a hightdatiet and regulates lipid metabolic disorders [216]. Garlic oil had a significant anti-obesity influence on obese rats by protecting the liver from damage and regulating the body weight [217]. A significant decrease of intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T#-L1 pre-adipocytes, improvement of plasma lipid profile in HFD-induced mice, and regulation of body weight gain has been reported due to application of bound phenolics isolated from lotus seeds [218]. The ethanolic extract of _Cuscuta reflexa_ suppressed the development of obesity in HFD-induced obesity [219]. _Hunteria umbellate_ ([PERSON].) Hallier f. indicated both antihyperpilatematic and anti-obesity effects which may partly be mediated via inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption and de novo biosynthesis of cholesterol [220]. _Lagenaria siceraria_ (fruit) and _Comulipona mukul_ (gun) resin can regulate the high fat diet-induced obesity [221]. _Erigeron annuus_ L., and _Borgo officinalis_ L. significantly attenuated improved in body weight gain, lipid accumulation, and adipocyte size, a unique adipokine known to promote the breakdown of fat/lipids [222]. Blueberry had potential health benefits in ameliorating the development of obesity and its related comorbidities, such as chronic inflammation and type 2 diabetes [223]. Morin (3,5,7,2,4-pentahydroxy flavones) is found in some natural products such as almond (_Prunus ductis_), figs (_chlorophora tinctoria_), guava leaves (_psidium guajava_), and some other Maraceae family plants [224,225]; morin treatment produced dose-dependent improvement in lipid profile and vascular endothelium protection, thus rationalizing its medicinal use in cardiovascular-related endothelial disorders, and dyslipidemia diseases [226]. In Kampo, Japanese traditional medicine, two formulas, this bofutsushosan (the composition of scutellaria root, platycodon root, glycyrrhiza, atractylodes rhizome, gypsum, rhubarb, schizonepeta spike, peony root, gardenia fruit, Japanese angelica root, cridium rhizome, menthe herb, saposhnikova root, forsythia fruit, Ephedra herb, ginger) and boiogito (the composition of astragalus root, sinomonium stem, jujube, atractylodes lancea rhizome, glycyrrhiza, and ginger) are supported by the national health insurance in Japan for treatment of obesity [227]. In Bangladesh, the most important medicinal plants with anti-obesity characteristics are _Achyranthes aspera_ Linn, _Aegle marmelos_ Linn, _Alliun sativum_ Linn, _Acorus calamus_ Linn, _Allium cepa_ Linn,Bombax ceiba L., Moringa oliefera, Hibiscus sabdarifa L., Impomoea batatas L., Punica granatum L., Citrus limon L., and Zingiber officinalae Roscoe [228]. One of the screening methods applied in the discovery of anti-obesity drugs is to search for potent lipase inhibitors from plant extracts; the major plant extracts that inhibit porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) are _Platyodon grandifloraum_ [PERSON], _Acontituncarnichael_ [PERSON], _Chaenoneles sinensis_ (Thouin) [PERSON], _Cantabis sativa_ [PERSON], _Actinidachinensis, Tribulus terrestris, Luffa cylindrical [PERSON], Lilium brownii_ var. _viridulum [PERSON], Pueraria thunbergiana_ [PERSON], _Crataegus pintafidaBunge_ var. _typical [PERSON]_, _Nardostachys chinensis_ [PERSON], _Zizyphus juibuba_ [PERSON] Var. _inernis [PERSON]_, _Akebia quinata_ [PERSON], _Quisqualis indica_ [PERSON], _Rehmannia glutinosa, Loranthus parasticus_ [PERSON], _Schizandra chinensis_ [PERSON], _Lonicera japonica_ [PERSON], _Dipsacus asperoides_ [PERSON] et [PERSON], _Perilla sikokiana_ [PERSON], _Morinda officinalis_ [PERSON], _Prunus nukai_ [PERSON], _Melia azadarchLinne_ var. _japonica [PERSON]_, _Poria cocos_ wolf, _Gastroia Blume, Bletilla striata_ (Thunberg) [PERSON] fil., _Oldenlandia diffusa_ (Wild.)