## 4 Findings  
### Descriptive Statistics and Moran's I of Variables  
Table 1 provides a breakdown of the Gross Provincial Product (GPP) for each of the 76 provinces in Thailand, categorised by 19 economic sectors for the year 2021, with all values expressed in million Baht. The sectors range widely from agriculture to other services, with average monthly household income as a dependent variable. The manufacturing sector stands out with the highest mean GPP across the provinces (37,626 million Baht), indicating a strong presence of manufacturing activities throughout Thailand. On the opposite end, the water supply, sewage, and waste management sector shows the lowest mean (724 million Baht), suggesting a smaller economic footprint in the provinces. The substantial standard deviation in the retail (99,299 million Baht) and manufacturing (77,202 million Baht) sectors implies significant disparities in GPP between provinces within these sectors, possibly due to the varying presence of industrial and commercial hubs. The vast range between the minimum and maximum values across most sectors indicates a heterogeneity in economic activity, with some provinces showing very high GPP and others much lower. The time series chart (Figure 1) tracks the average Gross Provincial Product (GPP) of 76 provinces across 19 sectors from 2005 to 2021. It illustrates a pronounced growth trend \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sector** & **Mean** & **SD** & **Min** & **1 st Qu.** & **Median** & **3 rd Qu.** & **Max** \\ \hline Agriculture & 8447 & 5773 & 1208 & 3974 & 7104 & 10,779 & 27,130 \\ Mining & 2595 & 14,329 & 0 & 84 & 163 & 605 & 124,005 \\ Manufacturing & 37,626 & 77,202 & 290 & 2195 & 5225 & 17,573 & 353,793 \\ Electricity & 3902 & 7353 & 147 & 608 & 1167 & 3143 & 47,664 \\ Water & 724 & 2518 & 28 & 100 & 169 & 367 & 21,181 \\ Construction & 3964 & 9354 & 660 & 1449 & 2017 & 3330 & 81,588 \\ Retail & 21,902 & 99,299 & 751 & 2675 & 4823 & 11,047 & 866,546 \\ Transport & 6880 & 29,289 & 270 & 826 & 1390 & 2526 & 248,752 \\ Food & 4856 & 26,770 & 13 & 148 & 385 & 2074 & 232,937 \\ Information & 8492 & 56,928 & 231 & 564 & 997 & 1694 & 496,946 \\ Finance & 11,492 & 62,048 & 586 & 1885 & 3052 & 5535 & 544,070 \\ Real estate & 5804 & 13,546 & 731 & 1804 & 3313 & 5482 & 117,443 \\ Professional & 2662 & 18,298 & 1 & 15 & 35 & 191 & 159,036 \\ Support & 1799 & 10,214 & 4 & 29 & 87 & 281 & 87,715 \\ Public & 7064 & 34,780 & 502 & 1324 & 2060 & 4424 & 305,008 \\ Education & 4455 & 7848 & 433 & 1483 & 2626 & 4475 & 66,012 \\ Health & 3393 & 8328 & 408 & 997 & 1472 & 2810 & 68,858 \\ Leisure & 1453 & 8244 & 34 & 106 & 184 & 322 & 68,551 \\ Others & 2082 & 11,506 & 116 & 232 & 391 & 755 & 100,478 \\ Household Income & 24,671 & 5800 & 15,496 & 20,671 & 23,596 & 27,000 & 41,129 \\ (Baht per month) & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Descriptive Statistics, Mean, and Standard Deviation, of the Independent and Dependent Variables of the Year 2021 in million Baht. in the manufacturing sector, which shows a steady and substantial increase over the years. The wholesale and retail sector also exhibits a significant upward trajectory, reflecting the sector's expansion over the period. Financial and insurance alongside information and communication, though not as pronounced as manufacturing and retail, demonstrate notable growth trends, indicative of Thailand's strengthening service economy. However, the chart also captures the impact of the pandemic, particularly on the transportation and accommodation and food services sectors, which experienced sharp declines, reflecting global travel restrictions and reduced consumer spending in these areas during this period. The remaining sectors, including agriculture, education, and health, among others, display relatively stable trends with no significant fluctuations, suggesting resilience or steadiness in their economic output throughout the years. Regarding the dependent variable, the [PERSON]'s I statistics were computed (Table 2).