## 3 Model Simulation Setup
Minimum and Maximum Y-axis Boundaries: \"Symmetry\" boundary conditions were employed on both sides to represent an infinitely wide domain and minimize edge effects. 4. Minimum and Maximum X-axis Boundaries: \"Outflow\" boundary conditions were set at both the inlet and outlet to allow for unrestricted flow through the domain. The boundary conditions defined at each boundary, along with the floating object and seabed, are shown in Figure 4. In Figure 4, the area shown in red represents the seabed, and the blue object represents the floating object. The floating object in this study was modeled using the General Moving Object (GMO) feature in the FLOW-3D software. This advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool offers versatile options for simulating object motion within fluid environments. The GMO feature allows for either pre-defined motion paths or dynamic, flow-coupled movement of the object. The motion can be specified with six degrees of freedom or constrained to specific axes or points, providing flexibility in modeling various real-world scenarios. In the context of coupled-motion modeling, the software enables the specification of forces or torques acting on the floating object, allowing for a more realistic simulation of object-fluid interactions. This capability is particularly valuable in studies involving complex hydrodynamic effects. For the purposes of this investigation, a controlled movement approach was adopted. The floating object was configured to be towed along the X-axis consistently across all scenarios. To maintain the desired motion characteristics, translation along the Y-axis was restricted to prevent lateral drift; rotation around the Z-axis was constrained to avoid yawing motion and movements; and rotations in other directions were left unconstrained to allow for natural responses to hydrodynamic forces. This configuration ensured that the object's movement accurately represented the towing conditions being studied while still allowing for realistic interactions with the surrounding fluid environment. The median grain diameter of the sediment considered in the studies was 0.0625 mm, with a specific gravity of 2650 kg/m\({}^{3}\), a bed-load transport coefficient of 0.06, and a drag coefficient of 0.018. The critical Shields parameter was calculated at each time step using the [PERSON] (1997) formula. For sediment transport calculations, the Van Rijn Transport Equation was employed. This well-established formula is particularly suitable  
Figure 4: Computational domain, boundary conditions defined at the domain boundaries, and the floating object. Boundary condition labels: \(S\)-symmetry, O-outflow, \(P\)-atmospheric pressure, \(W\)-wall. for predicting sediment movement in coastal and river environments. The comprehensive list of parameters used in the numerical modeling studies is presented in Table 1.  
In the numerical model, the density of the floating object was adjusted to achieve the desired clearance height between the object's bottom and the seabed. Accelerations were kept constant across all scenarios to eliminate differences in model results due to acceleration. The duration of each simulation was determined based on the towing speed of the floating object and the 100 m length of the computational domain. This approach ensures that each simulation captures the full trajectory of the object through the domain while maintaining computational efficiency. The numerical model scenarios, encompassing a total of 96 distinct simulations, are comprehensively presented in Table 2. These tables provide a detailed overview of each scenario, including specific parameters such as floating object type, dimensions, towing speed, and clearance height, allowing for systematic comparison and analysis across the range of simulated conditions.