## 3 Results
### High-Energy Spectroscopy Experiment Results  
As presented in Table 4, the calculated MAC values demonstrate close agreement with the experimental results for Sr-2 and Sr-4 across the 80.99-383.85 keV range, with discrepancies limited to about 1.3-4.4%, confirming the reliability of the theoretical approach. Figure 7b illustrates the pronounced energy dependence of the MAC values, revealing a sharp decline from approximately 0.227 cm\({}^{2}\)/g at 80.99 keV, followed by a gradual decrease to nearly 0.113 cm\({}^{2}\)/g at energies above 279.39 keV for the Sr-2 sample. This behavior primarily stems from the varying dominance of photon-interaction mechanisms: the photoelectric effect (\(\propto\) E\({}^{-3}\)) prevails at lower energies, progressively giving way to Compton scattering (\(\propto\) E\({}^{-1}\)) as energy increases. The enhanced MgO and Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) content in the serpentinite matrix contributes to higher electron density, thus amplifying photon interactions, especially under photoelectric conditions. The ranking of the MAC values among all samples was as follows, Sr-2 > Sr-5 > Sr-3 > Sr-4 > Sr-1, with Sr-2 consistently exhibiting the highest MAC values. Complementary trends were observed for MFP and HVL (Figure 8a,b), which rise with photon energy due to the declining probability of photoelectric events. Notably, Sr-2 achieved an MFP of 3.97 cm at 383.85 keV and 3.85 cm at 356 keV--outperforming standard concrete (4.30 cm) and hematite-serpentine concrete (3.92 cm) reported in the literature [41]. The ranking of the MFP and HVL values among all samples was as follows, Sr-2 < Sr-5 < Sr-3 < Sr-4 < Sr-1, with Sr-2 consistently exhibiting the lowest MFP and HVL data. Similar to how the atomic number characterizes individual elements, the effective atomic number (\(Z_{\text{eff}}\)) serves as a fundamental parameter for assessing composite materials, directly reflecting their overall photon-interaction capability. Consequently, \(Z_{\text{eff}}\) is widely used to evaluate the radiation-shielding performance of such materials. In this study, \(Z_{\text{eff}}\) values for all serpentinite-based samples were experimentally determined over a range of photon energies and are presented in Figure 9. A pronounced decline in  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Energy (keV)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Sr-2**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Theo. **} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Sr-4**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Theo. **} \\  & **Exp. ** & & & **Exp. ** & \\ \hline
80.99 & 0.227 \(\pm\) 0.010 & 0.221 & 0.203 \(\pm\) 0.007 & 0.195 \\ \hline
276.39 & 0.119 \(\pm\) 0.005 & 0.115 & 0.113 \(\pm\) 0.004 & 0.117 \\ \hline
302.85 & 0.111 \(\pm\) 0.005 & 0.113 & 0.105 \(\pm\) 0.0 was observed at lower energies (80.99-276.39 keV), attributable to the reduced probability of photon interactions as energy increases. At higher energies, \(Z_{\text{eff}}\) values continued to decrease, reaching approximately 9 e\({}^{-}\)/atom near 383.85 keV. It was also evident that higher MgO and Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) contents contributed to elevated \(Z_{\text{eff}}\) values, particularly at lower photon energies, thereby enhancing the shielding capability of the glass composites. Among the examined samples, Sr-1 consistently exhibited the lowest \(Z_{\text{eff}}\). From the EpiXS algorithm, the energy exposure buildup factors (EBFs) for serpentinite samples were computed within the 15-15,000 keV energy range. Figure 10 shows that the low energy range has the lowest EBF values because most of the photons in the sample are absorbed. In 40 mfp and 200 keV, EBF values are 938, 672, 823, 844, and 767 for Sr-1, Sr-2, Sr-3, Sr-4, and Sr-5 samples. These results obtained for EBFs are parallel to the results obtained for absorption coefficients. Figure 11 presents the thermal neutron macroscopic cross-sections alongside the corresponding radiation-protection efficiencies (RPE, attenuation rate) for serpentinite samples of 16 mm thickness.