# Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis Accelerates Functional Muscle Regeneration in Mice
## 3 Results
### Muscles Partially Lesioned with BPV and Treated with Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis  
Two days after the inoculation of BPV, the PNE protocol was applied (1.5 mA for five seconds with three repetitions [1]). The electrographic recordings were performed at 72 h and 7 and 10 days after inoculation with BPV. The first record was made in the right gastrocnemius (control record, treated only with BPV). The left gastrocnemius was then recorded (experimental record, treated with BPV and PNE).  
The number of areas with endplate noise recording at 72 h (1.33 \(\pm\) 0.33; Figure 5a) shows that the limb treated with PNE (2.67 \(\pm\) 0.33) led to an important increase in the same (\(\approx\)130%) when compared to the contralateral untreated limb (%variation compared to the control: 233.33% \(\pm\) 5.34, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.002; Figure 5a). However, at seven days, the values of the limb treated with EC (6.00 \(\pm\) 0.01) were identical to those of the untreated limb (5.67 \(\pm\) 0.33; % of variation compared to the untreated limb: 106.67% \(\pm\) 6.90, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.157; Figure 5a). Similarly on day 10, a slight, but significant improvement was detected in the number of areas with endplate noise (6.00 \(\pm\) 0.58 vs. 7.33 \(\pm\) 0.33; % of variation compared to the untreated limb: 125.55% \(\pm\) 7.47, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.007; Figure 5a).  
Similarly, for the results regarding the number of areas, the frequency of endplate noise events was also found to be elevated at 72 h after treatment with PNE (54.08 \(\pm\) 8.21 vs. 75.37 \(\pm\) 6.73; % of variation compared to the untreated limb: 143.80% \(\pm\) 6.14, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.022; Figure 5b). Furthermore, in areas with endplate noise, a comparison before (94.64 \(\pm\) 8.89) and after (111.18 \(\pm\) 7.99) the PNE protocol was applied, which showed that this advantage was no longer evident at seven days (% of variation compared to the untreated limb: 117.74% \(\pm\) 8.44, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.061; Figure 5b), and this was maintained at 10 days (120.22 \(\pm\) 5.41 vs. 138.69 \(\pm\) 6.04; % of variation compared to the untreated limb: 115.37% \(\pm\) 7.37, n = 36 muscular areas from three mice; \(p\) = 0.057; Figure 5b).  
These results suggest that PNE increases the number of synaptic contacts in the first 72 h after injury with BPV.  
Figure 5: Action of electrical currents in muscles treated with bupivacaine. Intramuscular injections of bupivacaine were performed in both gastrocnemius muscles of each animal. After 48 h, the PNE protocol was applied (1.5 mA for 5 s, 3 repetitions). At 72 h and 7 and 10 days after inoculation with BPV, needle electromyography was performed. Comparative recordings were performed between the limb untreated with electric currents (left, control) compared to the treated limb (right, experimental) for each animal. The number of areas presenting endplate noise was evaluated (**a**). During the endplate noise recording, the frequency was studied as the number of potentials that appeared per second, expressed in Hz (**b**). For each column, n = 36 muscular areas from 3 animals. Values are expressed as the mean \(\pm\) SEM. * \(p\) < 0.05 compared to the control values.