## 3 Results and Discussion
### Amino Acid Profiles of Grape Berries and Wines
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Family**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Amino**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**2015**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**2016**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & **Acid** & **RDI-1** & **RDI-2** & **RDI-3** & **CK** & **RDI-1** & **RDI-2** & **RDI-3** & **CK** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Serine} & Cys & 5.96 \(\pm\) 1.81a & 7.92 \(\pm\) 1.13a & 10.78 \(\pm\) 0.05a & 8.55 \(\pm\) 0.40a & 5.76 \(\pm\) 0.07a & 6.70 \(\pm\) 0.69a & 8.43 \(\pm\) 0.49a & 6.17 \(\pm\) 0.84a \\  & Ser & 35.26 \(\pm\) 1.21b & 38.56 \(\pm\) 1.02 ab & 41.24 \(\pm\) 3.01a & 39.25 \(\pm\) 1.78 ab & 33.58 \(\pm\) 0.24 ab & 28.54 \(\pm\) 2.01b & 42.75 \(\pm\) 2.06a & 30.52 \(\pm\) 0.78b \\  & Gly & 3.18 \(\pm\) 0.45c & 3.40 \(\pm\) 0.20c & 7.26 \(\pm\) 0.43a & 7.82 \(\pm\) 0.10b & 4.92 \(\pm\) 0.01 ab & 2.08 \(\pm\) 0.29b & 8.96 \(\pm\) 0.18a & 2.77 \(\pm\) 0.11b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Aromatic amino acids} & Phe & 15.58 \(\pm\) 0.85c & 16.85 \(\pm\) 0.45c & 26.41 \(\pm\) 0.77a & 20.00 \(\pm\) 0.88b & 17.12 \(\pm\) 1.39b & 15.26 \(\pm\) 1.33c & 18.71 \(\pm\) 0.97a & 16.18 \(\pm\) 0.90 bc \\  & Trp & 11.24 \(\pm\) 0.48 ab & 6.95 \(\pm\) 0.21c & 15.49 \(\pm\) 0.89a & 9.54 \(\pm\) 0.32b & 15.88 \(\pm\) 0.54a & 6.21 \(\pm\) 0.81c & 14.39 \(\pm\) 0.31a & 8.82 \(\pm\) 0.35b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Aspartate} & Ile & 8.61 \(\pm\) 1.04c & 7.62 \(\pm\) 0.64c & 17.62 \(\pm\) 1.05a & 12.34 \(\pm\) 0.62b & 10.65 \(\pm\) 0.95b & 12.06 \(\pm\) 0.95b & 19.17 \(\pm\) 0.92a & 8.14 \(\pm\) 0.98b \\  & Asp & 20.16 \(\pm\) 0.86b & 25.31 \(\pm\) 0.73a & 25.08 \(\pm\) 0.76a & 21.55 \(\pm\) 0.56b & 18.99 \(\pm\) 1.61b & 18.28 \(\pm\) 0.79c & 23.16 \(\pm\) 0.44a & 21.31 \(\pm\) 0.88 ab \\  & Lys & 2.51 \(\pm\) 0.81b & 2.45 \(\pm\) 0.1b & 5.21 \(\pm\) 0.21a & 3.45 \(\pm\) 0.12b & 3.01 \(\pm\) 0.32b & 1.98 \(\pm\) 0.08b & 4.30 \(\pm\) 0.05a & 2.68 \(\pm\) 0.31b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Glutamate} & Met & 1.64 \(\pm\) 0.04c & 1.58 \(\pm\) 0.15c & 4.95 \(\pm\) 0.75a & 3.21 \(\pm\) 0.09b & 2.41 \(\pm\) 0.21b & 1.02 \(\pm\) 0.01d & 5.01 \(\pm\) 0.02a & 1.95 \(\pm\) 0.04c \\  & Thr & 47.62 \(\pm\) 2.68b & 51.26 \(\pm\) 1.53b & 57.24 \(\pm\) 0.92a & 57.32 \(\pm\) 1.46a & 47.76 \(\pm\) 1.23 ab & 47.85 \(\pm\) 0.69 ab & 49.56 \(\pm\) 0.64a & 44.55 \(\pm\) 3.15b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Glutamate} & Arg & 330.19 \(\pm\) 6.13b & 36.47 \(\pm\) 3.13b & 354.54 \(\pm\) 1.52a & 346.57 \(\pm\) 1.26a & 30.54 \(\pm\) 1.10b & 308.47 \(\pm\) 0.30c & 334.85 \(\pm\) 4.60a & 391.75 \(\pm\) 4.37b \\  & Glu & 69.74 \(\pm\) 1.53c & 82.42 \(\pm\) 2.13b & 89.85 \(\pm\) 0.84a & 70.45 \(\pm\) 0.17c & 64.25 \(\pm\) 2.01a & 40.54 \(\pm\) 0.99c & 66.37 \(\pm\) 0.66a & 54.25 \(\pm\) 1.45b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Phys.} & His & 16.32 \(\pm\) 1.04c & 15.21 \(\pm\) 0.98c & 27.39 \(\pm\) 2.30a & 25.15 \(\pm\) 1.51b & 22.17 \(\pm\) 1.64 ab & 15.05 \(\pm\) 0.95e & 25.45 \(\pm\) 2.01a & 18.95 \(\pm\) 1.01 bc \\  & Pro & 195.77 \(\pm\) 1.16a & 139.45 \(\pm\) 2.59b & 122.66 \(\pm\) 10.36b & 105.15 \(\pm\) 5.526c & 155.49 \(\pm\) 0.82a & 18.46 \(\pm\) 2.04b & 19.89 \(\pm\) 3.80c & 115.64 \(\pm\) 1.84c \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Pyruvate} & [PERSON] & 15.95 \(\pm\) 1.58c & 24.58 \(\pm\) 1.08b & 31.05 \(\pm\) 22.85a & 21.95 \(\pm\) 2.84b & 17.82 \(\pm\) 1.84b & 15.24 \(\pm\) 2.01b & 29.54 \(\pm\) 2.54a & 14.85 \(\pm\) 0.54b \\ \multirow{3}{*}{Ar.} & Ala & 35.78 \(\pm\) 4.18b & 63.83 \(\pm\) 3.69a & 74.70 \(\pm\) 59.24a & 67.94 \(\pm\) 0.67a & 51.65 \(\pm\) 2.75b & 31.20 \(\pm\) 0.87d & 71.03 \(\pm\) 2.74a & 43.57 \(\pm\) 0.72c \\  & Val & 13.51 \(\pm\) 1.59c & 12.95 \(\pm\) 1.52c & 27.62 \(\pm\) 2.81a & 20.12 \(\pm\) 0.43b & 22.57 \(\pm\) 1.24a & 20.14 \(\pm\) 0.76a & 24.32 \(\pm\) 2.31a & 15.89 \(\pm\) 0.81b \\ \hline \end{tabular} Different letters in the now indicate significant differences (\(\pm\) 0.05) among treatments for the same viringage.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Amino acid concentrations (mg/L) in grapes from untreated (CK) and treated vineyards.