## 7 Discussion
Further empirical studies are required to analyze and examine the potential benefits of IoT in organizations and translate them into profits. In addition, further studies of fully implemented IoT applications in organizational environments are necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the potential benefits of real-world applications. Such studies will encourage organizations to invest in and implement IoT applications. The third question examined barriers to IoT adoption or failure. This question aimed to define the challenges and solve them according to their priority and impact on adoption in the context of the organization. This study categorized the challenges into technological, organizational, and environmental challenges. Technological challenges, such as security and privacy, complexity, compatibility, implementation cost, scalability, and energy consumption have been identified as the most significant challenges to IoT adoption. IoT technology is still an emerging technology that requires much development in protocol unification, integration with legacy systems, and high implementation costs. Apart from that, security and privacy are the biggest obstacles to adopting IoT technology in organizations. Additionally, it was found that most organizational challenges are related to organizational readiness and human resources. Human resources are critical to the adoption and use of technology. Thus, to keep pace with rapid technological development, organizations must invest in human resources, provide continuous training, and attract human competencies with outstanding skills. Concerning environmental challenges, organizations face four challenges: the absence of government regulations governing IoT, lack of collaboration among partners, insufficient technical support from vendors and suppliers, and uncertainty surrounding IoT technology. The fourth question investigated theoretical models to identify the critical factors influencing IoT adoption. Determining these factors can provide decision-makers with a better view of IoT technology's positive and negative effects and enhance its level of adoption. Six critical factors were identified from the previous studies. However, the results indicated that researchers have focused on technological, organizational, and environmental factors as the main factors that influence IoT adoption. Although human, benefit, and value factors significantly affect the technical efficiency and success of IoT adoption, researchers have paid little attention to them. This may be due to the lack of real-life applications in organizations, existing studies' immaturity on IoT adoption, and the nascent attempts to apply prevalent models. Researchers need to focus on these factors and determine their impact on IoT adoption at each adoption stage: planning, implementing, and using. The expected positive impact of these factors will enhance the IoT adoption level. However, this study has some limitations, most notably that technology topics are inherently fast-paced. In other words, the findings of this study may be quickly superseded by the new findings. In addition, the literature review was conducted using five electronic databases, focusing only on academic articles and conferences. Future research could include more databases and include books, chapters, and industrial reports to broaden the body of knowledge. Furthermore, the review period was limited and included specific keywords. Future research could expand the period and add more search keyword combinations. Finally, the findings were based on secondary data analysis. Hence, future research could justify the results using primary data.