## 1 Introduction  
The species of the genus _Eryngium_ L. (commonly known as sea holly) from the family Apiaceae are perennial, biennial, or annual herbs distributed in the temperate climatic zones of the northern and southern hemispheres. Many species of this genus are both edible and ornamental plants. While they are not officially recognized as medicinal raw materialsin medical practice, some species are successfully used in traditional medicine in various countries worldwide [1; 2; 3]. Most species of the genus _Eryngium_ are wild plants. They are distributed in Europe, North and South America, Southwest and Central Asia, Australia, and North Africa [4]. Eight species of the genus (_E. fluminense_, _E. cornicultum_, _E. viviparum_, _E. atlanticum_, _E. alpinum_, _E. maroccanum_, _E. variifolium_, and _E. galioides_) are included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [5]. In Ukraine, three species of the genus _Eryngium_ are distributed: _Eryngium platinum_ L. (flat sea holly), _Eryngium campestre_ L. (field eryno), and _Eryngium maritium_ L. (sea holly) (Figure 1) [6]. Raw materials cultivated in Ukraine have not been studied, although _E. planum_ is the most common species. The aerial and underground parts of species in the genus _Eryngium_ contain a significant amount of biologically active substances (BASs). Flavonoids such as rutin, kaempfer, isoquercetin, luteolin, and apigenin, as well as caffe, rosmarinic, ferulic, and chlorogenic acids, among other compounds capable of pharmacological activity, were identified in _E. planum_[7]. Polyphenols and pectin substances in the aerial parts of _E. planum_, _E. campestre_, and _E. maritium_ were studied [8]. Isoquercetin, quercetin, kaempfer, chlorogenic acid, caffe acid, _p_-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid were identified in all _Eryngium_ species. These phenolics have significant antioxidant activity that might cause hepatotoxicity and neuroprotective effects. The pectin content extracted with hot water varied significantly among the species, with the highest level found in _E. maritium_ (8.8%), a moderate level in _E. planum_ (4.65%), and the lowest in _E. campestre_ (1.7%) [8]. The primary components of the leaves and stems of essential oils of _E. planum_ were monocyclic monoterpenes (limonene, \(\alpha\)-, \(\beta\)-pinene) and sesquiterpenenes. The essential oil derived from the inflorescences of _E. planum_ contained 43.2% chrysantenyl acetate and oxygenated sesquiterpenenes [9]. The roots of _E. planum_ contain carbohydrates such as fructose, glucose, and sucrose; organic acids, including malic, citric, glycolic, and oxalic acids; essential oil (0.13%); and triterpen saponins: erynigum saponins A, B, C, and D. Additionally, the roots contained polyacetylene compounds, such as falcarione, falcarinol, and falcarinol, as well as phenolic carboxylic acids and their derivatives, including rosmarinic and chlorogenic acids [10; 11]. The flowers of _E. planum_ contained carbohydrates; organic acids (malic, citric, glycolic, and oxalic acids); and flavonoids, such as quercetin and kaempfer [8]. The fruits of _E. planum_ are characterized by the following chemical composition: carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, and sucrose), oxalic acid, flavonoids (quercetin and kaempfer), and fatty acids (27-29%) such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and petroselinic acids [12; 13; 14; 15]. The chemical composition of raw materials can vary significantly depending on their growth locations. Since Ukrainian samples of _E. planum_ have not been studied at all, it is of particular interest to determine their phytochemicals to expand knowledge about the regional influence on the accumulation of BASs, as the phytochemical composition of plants is closely related to their  
Figure 1: Species of the genus _Eryngium_ growing in Ukraine ((**A**)—flat sea holly (_Eryngium planum_), (**B**)—field eryno6 (_Eryngium campestre_), and (**C**)—sea holly (_Eryngium maritium_)). pharmacological activity. Based on these data, we predict that the _E.