# Usage of IoT Framework in Water Supply Management for Smart City in Nepal
## 2 Related Works
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**SN** & **IoT Framework** & & **Features** & **Limitations** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{6} & & i. & Deployment options for Docker & \\  & & and Kubernetes & \\  & & ii. & Can run batch analysis as well as & Concentration on mobile \\  & & machine learning & & applications is not enough to \\  & & iii. & Supports several libraries, Android and IOS & deploying IoT framework \\  & & are not the exceptions & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{7} & & i. & Database management and business software & \\  & & ii. & Flexibility in creating company applications & \\  & & iii. & Supports the processing and builds large scale & \\  & & IoT networks & \\  & & iv. & Usage of advanced security to protect against & implement centralized \\  & & external security threats & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{8} & & i. & Convenient environment to remotely manage & \\  & & and monitor all connected devices in the & \\  & & & IoT framework & \\  & & ii. & Use IoT information to machine learning and & \\  & & & AI applications & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{9} & & i. & Real-time data enabled in the server & \\  & & ii. & Strongest safety mechanisms & \\  & & iii. & Superb scalability & \\  & & iv. & Simple integration & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{10} & & i. & End to end platform used to process the large & \\  & & & quantity of information & \\  & & ii. & Google’s cloud data studio and Big Query & \\  & & & advanced analysis can be done & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{11} & & i. & Manages secure communication and & \\  & & & data storage. & Focus on data communication \\  & & ii. & Real-time data exchange & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{12} & & Hewlett Packard & i. & Data monetization & Product-based \\  & & Enterprise [43] & ii. & M2M device management & facilities offered \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{13} & & i. & Service orientation, hybrid framework & \\  & & ii. & Works with Google, AWS, and Microsoft & Dependent on services offered \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{14} & & i. & Cost-effective platform & \\  & & ii. & The stored information is strictly confidential & \\  & & iii. & Open interface and local connectivity & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{15} & & Ayla Network [46] & i. & Support customers & Limited to providing services \\  & & ii. & Agile platform & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{16} & & i. & Uses Apache 2.0 Arm Mbed & \\  & & computer platform & \\  & & ii. & Designed MBED operating system & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{17} & & i. & Cloud computing, database, and security & \\  & & services through AWS console & No provisions for software \\  & & ii. & Virtual Private Cloud (VPC’s) offerings & development kit besides the \\ \cline{1-1}  & & iii. & Compatible software development kit for & devices with which AWS has \\ \cline{1-1}  & & devices with Texas Instruments, Broadcom, & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & and Qualcomm & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._There have been paradigm shifts in managing a water distribution network (WDN) that is mainly focused on minimizing the waste and leakage of water. A recent study has shown that the use of smart meters eases the users and the data obtained in a district metered area (DMA) using two procedures that are applicable when smart meters at the end of life were previously installed at all locations and when no smart meter was present, respectively. The first algorithm is based on the stepwise regression to measure demand time series and [PERSON]'s test is used for the stopping criterion. The second methodology considered user typology and consumption in the annual bill. Both procedures were applied to a case study in Italy. The results proved that, the accuracy of the total demand pattern reconstruction of both procedures increases as the sample size grows [49]. A unique opportunity can be created by the fusion of smart meters and big data analytics in case of water management. A data-driven approach incorporating, extracting information on heterogeneous water end-use routines, the use of component in the user side, and temporal characteristics by using smart meter has been done.