## 2 Materials and Methods
### SSR Analysis  
Genomic DNA of the 10 samples (Tables 1 and 2) was extracted from (i) young leaves (L) collected from young Corsican wild hops and from (ii) Cascade, Tettnnager and Smaragd cvs grown in the Tettnnag valley and in Corsica in order to highlight the terrorio modification or retention of their genome. The samples, after immersion in liquid nitrogen, were stored at \(-80\)\({}^{\circ}\)C and then lyophilized until DNA extraction. Genomic DNA was extracted following the CTAB protocol [33].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Accessions/Cultivars** & **Geographic Coordinates** & **Soil Type** & **Altitude** & **Sea Proximity** & **Salinity** \\ \hline Ajaccio Wild & 41.915528 N, 8.819222 E & Clay-sand & 5 m & Very close & High \\ Oletta Wild & 42.666066 N, 9.308305 E & Clay-sand & 20 m & Very close & High \\ Patrimonio Wild & 42.697306 N, 9.361750 E & Silt-sand & 10 m & Very close & High \\ Corte Wild & 42.303591 N, 9.153470 E & Clay-sand & 410 m & Away & Weak \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: List of the four wild hops and characteristics of their provenance.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Growing Sites** & **Geographic Coordinates** & **Soil Type** & **Altitude** & **Sea Proximity** & **Salinity** \\ \hline Corsica & 42.695583 N, 9.344222 E & Silt-sand & 10 m & Very close & High \\ Tettnnag & 47.668861 N, 9.604528 E & Clay-sand & 466 m & Far away & None \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Geographical indication and characteristics of the two growing sites.  
For DNA amplification, six SSR primer sets were used, which had shown a high discriminating power [34] (Table S1).  
The PCR amplification was performed in a 25 \(\upmu\)L volume containing: 1x Reaction Buffer (Biotools, B&M Labs, S.A., Madrid, Spain), 1.5 mM MgCl\({}_{2}\) (Biotools, B&M Labs, S.A., Madrid, Spain), 0.2 mM dNTPs (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA), 0.2 \(\upmu\)M primer (MWG Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany), 20 ng genomic DNA and 0.6 U of Taq polymerase (Biotools, B&M Labs, S.A., Madrid, Spain). For primer HIACA3 and HIGA23, the MgCl\({}_{2}\) concentration was 2.5 mM to obtain a better quality of amplification.  
The PCR amplifications were performed in thermal cycler MJ PCT 100 Research (Watertown, MA, USA), using the following amplification protocol: programming a first step at 95 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 5 min followed by 30 cycles of 45\({}^{\circ}\) at 94 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 30\({}^{\circ}\) at the specific annealing temperature for each couple of primers, and 90\({}^{\circ}\) at 72 \({}^{\circ}\)C, for denaturation, annealing and primer extension, respectively; then a final extension at 72 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 8 min.  
The amplification products were separated with a CEQ 2000 Genetic Analysis System (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA) sequencer on acrylamide gel CEQ Separation Gel LPA-1 (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA). A marker CEQ DNA Size Standard kit 400 (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA) was used to estimate the approximate molecular weight of the amplified products. One of the two PCR primers in each reaction was end-labelled with a fluorescent dye (Cy5, MWG-Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany). The analysis was performed in triplicate.