## 3 Case Report Number 1  
The first case reported was an adult male patient who had already undergone orthodontic treatment in the past with the extraction of the four first premolars. The orthodontic situation (Figures 9-11 and Table 1) showed a dentoskeletal class II malocclusion, upper and lower crowding, severe deep bite with impingement of the lower incisors on the palate, retroclination of the upper and lower incisors, and convex and biretruded profile. The patient was strongly brachyfacial, and therefore, a deep bite was not only dental but also skeletal. The patient showed good exposure of the upper incisors; therefore, in the resolution of the deep bite, it was preferable not to intrude upper incisors in order not to worsen the patient's aesthetics. The treatment was conducted exclusively with clear aligners and followed the protocol for the resolution of the deep bite that was described above. It lasted approximately 18 months, with only one little refinement. At the end of the treatment, the resolution of the deep bite and an important leveling of the patient's curve of Spee was clearly evident, as can be seen in the comparison between the initial and final orthopantomography. The exposure of the lower incisors at the end of the treatment was normal, the upper and lower crowding was resolved, and the dental class was corrected. In fact, at the end of the treatment, the patient was in molar and canine class I. Cephalometric analysis (Table 2) showed skeletal deep bite, skeletal class II, and better inclination of upper and lower incisors. At the end of the treatment, intra- and extra-oral photos of the patient and X-rays were taken (Figures 12 and 13) and, after few days, a removable Essix for long-term retention was delivered. Final cephalometric tracing is showed in Figure 14.  
Figure 9: Pre-treatment intraoral and extraoral photos of case number 1: frontal facial view (**A**); frontal facial view smiling (**B**); right facial view (**C**); right facial view smiling (**D**); Right arches view (**E**); Frontal arches view (**F**); Left arches view (**G**); upper arch occlusal view (**H**); lower arch occlusal view (**I**). Figure 11: Pre-treatment cephalometric tracing. Figure 10: Pre-treatment radiographic of case number 1: (**A**) orthopantomography; (**B**) lateral cephalogram. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Measurements** & **Result** & **Mean** & **S.D.** & **Severity** \\ \hline SNA & 79.83 & 81.77 & 6.0 & \\ SNB & 74.62 & 80.42 & 5.3 & * \\ ANB & 5.21 & 2.05 & 1.8 & * \\ Bjork sum & 382.11 & 393.97 & 3.7 & *** \\ FMA & 11.29 & 25 & 4.0 & *** \\ Gonial angle & 102.95 & 122.38 & 4.9 & *** \\ APDI & 75.80 & 85.98 & 4.0 & ** \\ ODI & 90.55 & 73.35 & 5.9 & ** \\ Combination factor & 166.35 & 159.3 & 7.1 & \\ A to N-Perp (FH) & 0.70 & 1.1 & 2.7 & \\ B to N-Perp (FH) & \(-7.89\) & \(-3.5\) & 2.0 & ** \\ Pog to N-Perp (FH) & \(-6.01\) & \(-0.3\) & 2.5 & ** \\ FH to AB & 76.98 & 81 & 3.0 & * \\ A-B to mandibular plane & 91.73 & 69.3 & 2.5 & *** \\ Wits appraisal & 8.97 & \(-2.24\) & 0.3 & *** \\ Overlet & 3.72 & 2 & 2.0 & \\ Overbite & 8.62 & 2 & 2.0 & *** \\ U1 to FH & 92.22 & 116.52 & 6.0 & *** \\ U1 to SN & 81.40 & 109.31 & 6.0 & *** \\ U1 to UDP & 76.49 & 55 & 4.0 & *** \\ IMPA & 96.76 & 95 & 5.5 & \\ L1 to LOP & 56.94 & 66 & 5.0 & * \\ Interincisal angle & 159.74 & 128 & 5.3 & *** \\ Cant of occlusal plane & \(-0.59\) & 9.3 & 3.8 & ** \\ U1 to NA (mm) & 3.24 & 4 & 3.0 & \\ U1 to NA (deg) & 1.57 & 22 & 5.0 & *** \\ L1 to NB (mm) & 0.04 & 4 & 2.0 & * \\ L1 to NB (deg) & 13.49 & 25 & 5.0 & ** \\ Upper incisal display & 4.02 & 3 & 1.5 & \\ Upper lip to E-plane & \(-8.53\) & 0 & 2.0 & *** \\ Lower lip to E-plane & \(-8.50\) & 0 & 2.0 & *** \\ Nasolabial angle & 102.08 & 95 & 5.0 & * \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{*}\) Low; \({}^{**}\) Medium; \({}^{***}\) High.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Pre-treatment cephalometric values of case number 1.