## 1 Introduction  
According to the _Mitigation Guidelines_ of the _Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee_ (IADC), which is a governmental forum with the goal of coordinating activities related to natural and man-made space debris. Artificial space debris is \"all man made objects including fragments and elements thereof, in Earth orbit or re-entering the atmosphere, that are non functional\" [1; 2; 3]. The amount of space debris has increased considerably in recent decades. These objects present risks for users of the space environment when one thinks about the integrity of operational spacecraft and the contamination of orbital regions around the Earth. They can damage active satellites orbiting the Earth, or they can collide with other debris, generating a cloud of even smaller debris [4]. In addition, a possible uncontrolled fall of these objects might create a great harm to society. The issue of space debris dates back to the 1970s. [PERSON] and [PERSON] stated in their 1978 article _Collision Frequency of Artificial Satellites: The Creation of a Debris Belt_ that it was conceivable that a significant number of satellite fragments already existed at that time around the Earth [5]. According to these authors, fragments that are not covered by radar probably have their origin in tests of \"killer satellites\" and due to accidental explosions of rocket engines (launch vehicles). In 1979, Czech astronomer [PERSON] presented an article called _Outer Space Activities versus Outer Space_, which recommends several space-debris-mitigation techniques [2; 6]. At the time, [PERSON] said that preventing all collision events is impossible, so minimizing their effects, while costly, is more cost-effective compared to repairing the damage that does occur. In his work, [PERSON] suggests ideas such as reducing the amount of debris produced during launch and in-orbit operations, de-orbiting inactive satellites, redirecting inactive satellites to discard orbits, and using orbits that do not cross certain specific areas/regions of the space around the Earth [7]. In 1991, [PERSON] analyzed the problem of collisions between orbital objects in an article entitled _Collisional Cascading: The Limits of Population Growth in Low-Earth Orbits_. In this article, the author points to the problems involved with the fast-growing numbers of space debris, initially formed by collisions between objects and, finally, increased by collisions between the fragments [2; 8]. The collisional cascade phenomenon was later, and since then, known as Kessler's Syndrome and cannot be stopped in its advanced stage. Several other studies [9; 10; 11; 12] have been carried out with the interest in finding a solution to mitigate the risks involved with the presence of space debris around our planet. The IADC, in its _Mitigation Guidelines_, further establishes that any activity developed in space must be carried out recognizing as unique--in the sense of a finite resource--certain regions of the space surrounding planet Earth. The idea is to guarantee its safe and sustainable future use. In this sense, these regions must be protected from the generation of space debris [1]. One of these regions, called Region B, or the geosynchronous region, according to the IADC, is a spherical shell segment defined by a range of altitudes with respect to the geostationary altitude (35,786 km). The limits of this range are a lower margin of 200 km and an upper margin of 200 km with respect to the geostationary altitude. This region is also inside an interval of 15 degrees of latitude centered on the celestial equatorial plane, in which the geostationary orbit (GEO) is located [1]. By definition, GEO and the torus-shaped region that surrounds it are unique and are of great importance for space activities due to the favorable/advantageous orbital characteristics that the satellites assume, especially for the telecommunications area, when placed at such altitudes.