## 3 Results
### Larval Weight  
Larval weight was significantly affected by the treatments, days of the experiment, and concentrations used. This indicates that experimental factors affected larval weight in a variety of ways (Table 4).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Factor: Larval Weight** & **df** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_T. \(\mathit{pityocampa}\)_} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{_H. \(\mathit{armigera}\)_} \\ \cline{3-6}  & **F** & **Sig.** & **F** & **Sig.** \\ \hline Treatment & 3 & 34.114 & \textless{}0.0001 & 32.312 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Concentration & 5 & 8.178 & \textless{}0.0001 & 9.122 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Days & 2 & 7.436 & \textless{}0.0001 & 6.740 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Treatment \(\times\) Concentration & 15 & 7.868 & \textless{}0.0001 & 6.112 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Treatment \(\times\) Days & 6 & 9.880 & 0.004 & 8.993 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Concentration \(\times\) Days & 10 & 9.771 & \textless{}0.0001 & 5.171 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ Treatment \(\times\) Concentration \(\times\) Days & 30 & 3.781 & \textless{}0.0001 & 4.112 & \textless{}0.0001 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: An analysis of variance (3-way ANOVA) for the main effects and interactions of the larval weight levels.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**N insect** & **Virus Species** & **Survival Time (Days \(\pm\) sd)** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{HearNPV} & & & 4.5 \(\pm\) 0.3 a \\  & & & 3.4 \(\pm\) 0.2 b \\  & & HearNPV & 2.9 \(\pm\) 0.3 c \\  & & & 2.7 \(\pm\) 0.2 c \\  & & & 2.0 \(\pm\) 0.2 c \\ \cline{2-5}  & & & 5.1 \(\pm\) 0.2 a \\  & & CpGV & 4.9 \(\pm\) 0.1 a \\  & & & 3.9 \(\pm\) 0.3 b \\  & & & 3.2 \(\pm\) 0.2 b \\  & & & 2.3 \(\pm\) 0.2 c \\ \cline{2-5}  & & & 4.4 \(\pm\) 0.1 a \\  & & & 3.8 \(\pm\) 0.2 b \\  & & & 3.5 \(\pm\) 0.3 b \\  & & & 3.3 \(\pm\) 0.2 b \\  & & & 2.8 \(\pm\) 0.1 c \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Virus** & **Slope** & **Intercept** & **R\({}^{2}\)** & **LC\({}_{50}\) (95\% CI) ppm** & **Chi-Test (x\({}^{2}\)) Sig** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HearNPV} & & \multicolumn{4}{c}{_T. \(\mathit{pityocampa}\)_} \\  & 1.374 & 0.506 & 0.954 & 1863 (1011-3431) & 0.833 \\ \cline{1-1}  & CpGV & 1.691 & 0.528 & 0.958 & 1851 (1114-3075) & 0.799 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 1.033 & 1.574 & 0.968 & 2077 (936–4607) & 0.965 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & **H. \(\mathit{armigera}\)** & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & 0.981 & 2.226 & 0.991 & 670 (284–1578) & 0.999 \\ \cline{1-1}  & CpGV & 0.666 & 2.928 & 0.950 & 1289 (382–4350) & 0.989 \\ \cline{1-1}  & PoG & 0.524 & 3.454 & 0.967 & 887 (189–4146) & 0.988 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Lethal concentration (LC\({}_{50}\)) of the three viruses against _T. pityocampa_ and _H. armigera_ larvae after 6 days.  
The mean weight of the tested larvae depended on the concentration of the used treatment. The final weights of the _T. pityocampa_ larvae 6 days after exposure were 9.0 to 2.3 mg with HearNPV, 8.7 to 2.5 mg with CpGGV, and 9.1 to 2.2 mg with PoG (Table 5). Similarly, the ultimate larval weights of _H. armigera_ were 9.0 to 1.5 mg with HearNPV, 9.1 to 2.2 mg with CpGGV, and 9.1 to 2.8 mg with PoG. The weight of the control larvae was found to be 10.5 mg for _T. pityocampa_ and 10.8 mg for _H. armigera_ (Table 5).