## 3 Results and Discussions
### Analysis of Monitoring Results of High-Rise Buildings  
The building can be divided into the upper structure, the basic structure, and the rock or soil below the basic structure from top to bottom. The seismic wave generated by blasting is very complicated because different blasting parameters will affect blasting vibration. Therefore, this paper studies the attenuation law of blasting vibration on high-rise buildings at the same blasting conditions and structures. A total of six blasting vibration monitoring instances were carried out for the same high-rise residential building. The position of the palm surface is far from the residential building. The palm surface of the T3 test is consistent with the blasting vibration monitoring closest to the building. When the blasting stress wave propagates through the rock and soil to the building, it will cause vibration [27,28]. A large amount of literature indicates that the blasting vibration speed plays an essential role in blasting earthquake damage to the building [29], and the effect is continuous. Therefore, the attenuation law of blasting vibration velocity on buildings has been studied [30]. As shown in Figure 12a, the variation trend of blasting peak vibration velocities monitored six times is consistent with the increase of layers. From \(-2\) to 20 layers, the blasting vibration speed increases first, then decrease and finally appears, where the blasting vibration speed of the \(-2\) to 3 layers changes significantly. The blasting vibration speed has two peaks, and the first peak is higher. However, different blasting vibration tests reach a peak at different floors. T2-T4 reach the peak value of blasting vibration speed on the first floor, while T1 and T5 are on the second floor, and T6 is on the third floor, indicating the most significant impact on the lower floors of the building (\(-2\) to 3 floors) caused by blasting vibration, whose speed has remained stable in the middle and upper floors (4 to 17 floors). The blasting vibration velocity reaches the maximum at the \(-1\) layer, because the \(-1\) layer is relatively close to  
Figure 11: (**a**) Change of mean value of peak vibration velocity in the tunnel axis line. (**b**) Frequency distribution of blasting vibration. the blasting, and the blasting vibration is mainly propagated in the stratum. According to the rules in the figures, the center of the explosion can affect the position of the maximum vibration velocity of the blast on the floor. In a specific floor range, the farther the blasting distance is, the higher the floor where the maximum blasting vibration speed appears. The blasting vibration damage to a building is closely related to the frequency of the seismic wave generated by the blasting. It is generally believed that the frequency of the blasting seismic wave determines its energy level. Therefore, it is usually believed that the structure of the building is likely to be damaged when subjected to high-frequency waves. It is proposed that the impact of blasting vibration on the building is related to the building's natural frequency. Once the blasting vibration frequency is equal to or close to the building's natural frequency, it is possible to cause resonance of the building, causing damage to the building. According to the attenuation law of the blasting vibration frequency, the blasting vibration frequency decreases rapidly with the increase of the distance. The low-frequency portion gradually decreases because the low-frequency portion is close to the natural frequency of the medium. Generally, the dynamic coefficient \(\beta\) value is used to represent the responsiveness of a building to blasting vibrations, which can be described as following [31,32]. \[\beta=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{T_{0}}{T}\right)+r^{2}\frac{T_{0}^{2}}{T^{ 2}}}} \tag{16}\]  
where \(r\) is the attenuation coefficient, which is generally higher than or equal to 0.2; \(T_{0}\) is the natural vibration period of the building; and \(T\) is the primary vibration period of the blasting vibration.