Firstly, the vibration reduction performance of traditional rubber shock absorbers is suboptimal under high-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations. This inefficacy primarily stems from the inherent material properties of rubber, which struggle to deform and recover rapidly under high-frequency conditions, thereby failing to effectively absorb and attenuate high-frequency vibration energy. Secondly, conventional rubber shock absorbers exhibit inadequate responsiveness to low-frequency vibrations. During low-speed or constant-speed driving, vehicles are frequently subjected to low-frequency, large-amplitude vibration impacts. In such scenarios, the damping effect of traditional rubber dampers relies heavily on the material's elastic recovery capabilities, which are often insufficient to provide effective vibration mitigation. However, rubber materials demonstrate limited damping effectiveness when encountering large, low-frequency vibrations, particularly at high amplitudes. This limitation can lead to permanent deformation of the rubber, diminishing its ability to buffer and absorb vibrations, and ultimately resulting in heightened vibration perception within the cabin. For traditional types of shock absorbers, numerous scholars have conducted a series of analyses and optimizations on their structures in order to improve their damping performance. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2016) proposed a simple dual-spring model for multi-layer elastic isolators to address the challenges of response and post-buckling stability under large deformations. They investigated the interactions between horizontal stiffness and vertical load, vertical stiffness and horizontal displacement, as well as the compression and tensile behavior induced by buckling. [PERSON] et al. (2016) adjusted the hysteresis loop characteristics of the isolator by modifying the support geometry (MSG) to adjust the complete flipping displacement of the SU-FREI. After calibrating the model with experiments, they found that the use of complete flipping and MSG helps maintain horizontal stability and control the hardening characteristics of the SU-FREI. [PERSON] et al. (2017) investigated the effect of steel reinforcement characteristics on the behavior of rubber bearings under combined axial loads, shear displacements, and rotations in response to the phenomenon of gasket damage to isolation bearings during earthquakes. Through Abaqus modeling and simulation, they concluded that the yield of steel gaskets leads to permanent deformation and local damage, thereby affecting the overall isolation performance. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2018) explored the application of seismic isolation hardware in the field of building earthquake protection, combined with past research and the latest developments in vibration tables, and focused their research on passive seismic isolation. The single-material nature of traditional rubber dampers restricts their ability to provide effective vibration reduction across a wide frequency range ([PERSON] et al., 2016; [PERSON] et al., 2017; [PERSON] et al., 2018). Therefore, the challenge lies in designing a composite shock absorber that can effectively mitigate high-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations while also responding promptly to low-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations. Addressing this issue has become an urgent priority in the research of automotive suspension systems. Consequently, researchers are increasingly focusing on the design of smart materials and composite structures, investigating the integration of novel materials and technologies into traditional rubber materials ([PERSON] et al., 2018; [PERSON] et al., 2018). Shape memory Alloys (SMAs), a novel class of intelligent materials, exhibit extraordinary properties such as superelasticity, shape memory effects, and high damping characteristics.