# Policies as Drivers for Circular Economy in the Construction Sector in the Nordics
## 3 Results
### Identification of Links to National and Local CE Policies  
Based on predefined criteria, 14 actors were chosen for a deeper analysis of the circular value chain of the construction sector. The actors chosen in this report all have a CE focus in their activities and contribute to a rethinking of the traditional value chain. The actors were characterized with respect to the life cycle phase, and it was found that most activities were related to the construction and end-of-life phases. The actors' link to the policies, the position in the value chain of the construction sector, and the CE criteria in focus are presented in Table 3. The business focus of the actors are presented in Appendix B. Most of the reviewed actors had a CE focus on waste prevention and recycling. Only one company had a focus on the reducing use of resources, one had a focus on the use of recyclable materials, and two on the use of biobased/renewable materials. This shows that \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Actor nr.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Identified Link to Policy Document**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Phase of Value Chain *+**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**CE Focus **+**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & & **1.** & **2.** & **3.** & **4.** & **5.** & **1.** & **2.** & **3.** & **4.** & **5.** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{1.} & National CE policy & & & x & x & x & x & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & x & x & x & x & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{2.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & x & x & x & x & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{3.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policies & & x & x & x & x & x & x & x \\  & Local CE strategies & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{4.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{5.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & x & & x & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{6.} & Indirectly linked to national CE policies & & x & x & x & x & x & x & \\  & Local CE strategies & & & x & x & x & x & x & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{7.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & x & & x & x & x & \\  & Local CE strategies & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{8.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policy & & & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{9.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policies & & x & x & x & x & x & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{10.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policy & & x & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{11.} & Indirectly linked to national CE policies & & & x & x & x & x & x & \\  & Local CE strategies & & & x & x & x & x & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{12.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & Not linked to local policy level & & & x & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{13.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policy & & x & & & & & & \\  & Local CE strategies & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{14.} & National waste management/prevention plan & & & & & & & & & \\  & National CE policy & & x & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} * 1. recycling and product manufacture; 2. design; 3. construction; 4. use and maintenance; 5. end-of-life and demolition; **1** 1. reducing use of resources; 2. waste prevention; 3. increasing recycling rates; 4. use of biobased/renewable materials; 5. Use of recyclable materials.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Assessment of the actors in response to strategies, value chain, and CE criteria.