# Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Painting Art Exhibitions Appreciation
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Three Favorite Paintings  
To further determine whether the participants' preference for paintings varied in different types of media, this study invited them to choose their three favorite paintings. Figure 6 shows the proportion of people selecting their favorite paintings among all the participants. In terms of physical paintings, the top three paintings were C (69%), A (58%), and B (50%); in desktop VR, the order was C (42%), B (35%), E (31%), and G (31%); in HMD VR, the order was E (42%), A (38%), and H (35%). With regard to physical paintings, viewers' selected certain paintings a as their favorite, with the average proportion of A to D being 52%, E to H being 14%, and I to L being 9%. With regard to desktop VR, the variation between the most and least popular paintings decreased, with the maximum proportion being 42%, the minimum proportion being 15%, and the average being 25%. Nevertheless, we observe that the average proportion of A to D was still 31%, higher than 24% for E to H and 20% for I to L. This result is similar to the trend for physical paintings. The result indicates that people's preference for a painting viewed through desktop VR remains the same when they view the physical work. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** & **9** & **10** & **11** \\ \hline
1. Pleasure & 1 & & & & & & & & & & \\
2. Relaxed & *** & 1 & & & & & & & & \\
3. Calm & 0.51 & 0.84 & 1 & & & & & & & \\
4. Having access to all works I like & & 0.37 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.46 & 1 & & & & & & \\
5. Originality & & 0.23 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.29 \({}^{\star}\) & & 1 & & & & & \\
6. Attractive & 0.24 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.28 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.30 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.25 \({}^{\star}\) & & 1 & & & \\
7. Precious & & 0.30 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.27 \({}^{\star}\) & & 0.57 & 0.66 & & & & \\
8. Meaning of cloud & & 0.36 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.29 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.28 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.45 & 0.47 & 0.54 & 1 & & \\
9. Title encouragement & & & & 0.37 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.44 & 0.52 & 0.53 & 1 & & \\
10. Hang it in my house & & & & 0.32 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.38 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.37 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.55 & 0.52 & 1 & \\
11. Preference & 0.25 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.33 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.25 \({}^{\star}\) & 0.46 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.43 & 0.36 \({}^{\star\star}\) & 0.48 & 0.52 & 0.45 & \\  & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{l}{\({}^{\star}\)\(p<0.05\), \({}^{\star\star}\)\(p<0.01\), \({}^{\star\star\star}\)\(p<0.001\). The original description of “meaning of cloud” is “the painting makes me know} \\ \multicolumn{10}{l}{the cloud”; the original description of “title encouragement” is “the title can intensify my interest in the painting”;} \\ \multicolumn{10}{l}{the original description of “hang it in my house” is “I would like to hang this painting in my house”.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Pearson correlation coefficients for the significant measures. With regard to HMD VR, the popular paintings were different from those under the other two types of experimental conditions--particularly painting C, which has been selected by the most participants in the previous two cases but was the least popular in the case of HMD VR. This is attributed to the painting style. Stylistically, these twelve paintings can be divided into landscape paintings (A, B, D, E, G, H, and J) and abstract paintings (C, F, I, K, and L). The average proportion of people selecting landscape paintings as their favorite was 32% (minimum: 23%, maximum: 42%), but the average proportion of people selecting abstract paintings was merely 15% (minimum: 8%, maximum: 27%). The contrast shows that, in the case of HMD VR, abstract paintings are not as popular as landscape ones. The unpopularity of abstract paintings is considered to be related to the size of the image and the viewing quality presented through HMD VR.