## 1 Introduction  
Sliding bearings are preferred due to their ability to offer low coefficients of friction (COF) and high load capacities, making them indispensable in marine machinery and equipment [1]. Nonetheless, the lubricant oil could be compromised under conditions of high temperatures, heavy loads, or other challenging operational conditions. Therefore, this can lead to a degradation in the lubrication state in sliding bearings; the transition occurred from a pristine condition to mixed and boundary lubrication states [2]. In situations where there is no lubricating medium, traditional bearing materials like Babbitt medical experience considerable wear. Replacing Babbitt metal with a self-lubricating polymer material such as poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) could greatly enhance the wear resistance of bearings when facing dry friction and inadequate lubrication [3,4]. PEEK is excellent for its self-lubricating capabilities, resistance to chemicals, and robust mechanical properties, making it a material of choice in various engineering applications, including bearing components [5,6]. However, the wear resistance of PEEK is challenged by its susceptibility to severe adhesive wear under the influence of frictional heat, emphasizing the necessity to bolster its tribological performance [7]. The integration of solid lubricants, specifically graphite (GP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), into PEEK has been explored for its potential to enhance both the mechanical integrity and tribological performance of the base material. Research conducted by [PERSON] et al. [8] on GP-modified polyether ether ketone (GP/PEEK) composites revealed that the inclusion of 15 wt% GP into PEEK led to a notable 59.5% decrease in the coefficient of friction (COF) compared to pure PEEK. However, this modification may lead to a compromise in wear resistance properties. Further study by [PERSON] et al. [9] into PEEK/PTFE composites interacting with steel discs under conditions of sliding contact demonstrated that the formation of a lubricating film on the steel discs could notably improve wear resistance. [PERSON] et al. [10] suggested that the addition of PTFE to PEEK resulted in the formation of a lubricant film by the composite material during sliding friction, which adhered to the contact surface to shield it from wear. [PERSON] et al. [11] suggested that PTFE could form a molecularly oriented lubricant film on the friction-engaged surface, reducing friction and improving wear resistance. Thus, the selection of PTFE as a solid lubricant was seen as a strategic method to enhance the tribological properties of PEEK composites. Moreover, reinforcing polymer composites with fibers has been demonstrated as an effective method to enhance their strength. The friction and wear characteristics of fiber-reinforced polymer composites are intricately linked to the properties of the fibers. Poly-p-phenylene-terephthalalamide (PPTA) stands out as a fiber with exceptional qualities such as robust tensile strength, high modulus, resistance to heat, and commendable mechanical properties [12]. Research by [PERSON] et al. [13] demonstrated that adding 7 wt% aramid fibers into epoxy resin notably elevates the material's tensile and impact strength, thermal stability, and damping capabilities. Further analysis by [PERSON] et al. [14] of the tribological characteristics of composites composed of aramid-fiber-filled glass fiber fabric under dry friction conditions revealed that the coefficient of friction decreased as the aramid fibers made adequate contact with the frictional surface. The incorporation of 1.5 wt% aramid fibers into the glass fiber fabric significantly reduced surface deformation of the composites, leading to a 65% improvement in wear resistance properties. [PERSON] et al.