## Materials and Methods
### Phylogeny
[PERSON] and [PERSON] [83] noted that when data matrices are sparse the identification and removal of \"rogue\" taxa can improve tree inference and support values. We used the RogueNaRok web service and its eponymous algorithm [84] to identify rogue taxa, pruning potential rogues based on their effect on the majority-rules-consensus tree, but only if pruning that taxon did not drop the number of taxa in a morphospecies below three. Trees were rooted on their outgroups prior to pruning. Outgroups for all analyses were retrieved from GenBank. _cox1_ and _tuba1_ sequences for _L. riparia_, _Nala tenuicornis_ (de [PERSON]) (Labiduridae), and _N. lividipes_ were originally published in [PERSON] et al. [18]. The _28S_ sequence for _L. riparia_ was originally published in [PERSON] [76]. _cox1_ and _cob_ sequences for _Chulia fletcheri_ Burr (Pygidicranidae) were extracted from a complete sequence of the _C. fletcheri_ mitochondrial genome [85]. The _C. fletcheri_ mitochondrial genome contains the only publicly available Dermaptera _cob_ sequence. While _C. fletcheri_ was used as the outgroup for single-gene _cob_ ML tree, subsequent analyses identified it as a potential rogue taxon, suppressing the inferential power of the concatenated dataset so it was not used as part of the final outgroup. A final tree was estimated from the concatenated pruned alignment in the same manner as above with rate heterogeneity of site evolution estimated independently for _28S_, _tuba1_, and the mitochondrial data with partitions. A subsequent tree was estimated with a constraint tree imposed corresponding to the two putative genera (_Anisolabis_ and _Gonolabis_). The best constrained and unconstrained trees were compared using the Shimodairo-Hasegawa test [86], which compares the log-likelihoods of an input tree against a candidate tree or set thereof. We complemented the ML analysis with a Bayesian estimate of the species tree. *BEAST [87] is an extension of BEAST that estimates species trees from multi-locus sequence data by modelling the multispecies coalescent of the loci. The analysis estimates gene trees for all loci but embeds them within a shared species tree. While multiple individuals are required per known taxon to estimate effective population size by coalescent modelling, the individuals sequenced for each locus need not be the same. This is advantageous in the present case as some individuals yielded usable sequence data for some loci but not others. We used *BEAST2 executed within BEAST v2.5 [88] to estimate the species tree of the seven Anisolabididae morphospecies. As only topology was of interest, we implemented a strict molecular clock. Substitution models were estimated using bModelTest version 1.1.2 [89], only considering models that distinguish transitions from transversions to reduce computational load. bModelTest allows the estimation of substitution models simultaneous to tree estimation, and performs model averaging automatically. For the multi species coalescent, we used a linear model with a constant root as the population size function. *BEAST only allows population size to take a gamma prior but allows the estimation of the scale parameter of this gamma prior as a hyperprior [90], which we did. Ploidies were set to diploid autosomal nuclear for _28S_ and _tuba1_ and mitochondrial for the combined _cox1_ and _cob_ sequence. We used a conditioned reconstructed process (a birth-death process) as the species tree prior [91], with birth and death rates taking conservative exponential priors with means of two and one, respectively. Other priors, such as those relating to the molecular clock rate and the prior probabilities of substitution models considered by bModelTest, were left at their default. We used BEAUTi version 2.5.1 [92] to generate the.xml file for BEAST. The analysis was run on two independent chains of 5 \(\times\) 10\({}^{7}\) generations, sampling every 10\({}^{4}\) generations. Log and tree files were combined using LogCombiner version 2.5.1 [88], discarding 10% of the states as burn-in.