## 3 Results
### Calculation Method of Wave Crest Height and Panel Impact Force
#### 3.2.2 Calculation Method of Panel Wave Impact Force  
The calculation method is the same as that proposed for the wave crest height, which is affected by the transverse longitudinal beam under the panel. Therefore, based on the above analysis of the influence factors of the wave crest height, the effects of the wave surface impact angle, air layer, and wave force were introduced, and the following functional relationship of the maximum impact force of the surface plate was obtained by using the method of dimensional analysis:  
\[f\bigg{(}\frac{P}{\gamma H_{i}},\frac{H_{i}}{L},\frac{d}{L},\frac{B}{H_{i}}, \frac{\Delta h}{H}\bigg{)}=0 \tag{11}\]  
In order to obtain the change relationship between the total impact force \(P\) and each influence factor, the change relationship diagram between the impact force and each influence factor was drawn according to the test results. Then, the physical quantities, such as each influence factor, were fitted. Influence of change relationship of relative superelevation \(\Delta h/H\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\): The change of the relationship between the two is shown in Figure 6. According to the change results in Figure 6, when the wave steepness \(H/L\) is near 0.04, the impact force is the largest--that is, the relative superelevation \(\frac{\Delta h}{H}=0.4\)-0.5, the front wharf panel is of flat plate type \(\frac{\Delta h}{H}=0.2\)-0.4, affected by the longitudinal beam--in terms of wave impact angle, the greater the relative superelevation, the greater the influence of the air layer. On the other hand, the larger the relative superelevation, the larger the space between the wave and the transverse beam, the longer the wave surface rises to the panel, and the greater the possibility of air escape. It can be seen that, compared with a horizontal plate on a still water surface, under the same impact angle and rising speed, the impact pressure on the plate  
Figure 5: \(H_{i}/L\) and \(\eta\) change relationship. at a relatively high altitude must be greater. However, the increase in superelevation will inevitably reduce the rising velocity of the wave surface and reduce the impact pressure. Influence of change relationship of wave steepness \(H/L\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\): The change in the relationship between the two is shown in Figure 7. It can be seen from the figure that the greater the wave steepness, the smaller the impact force, which is in inverse proportion. It also shows that the effect of wave height is more intense than that of the period. When the wave grows, the rising velocity of the wave surface will be greatly reduced, and the maximum impact force will be reduced. Figure 6: \(\Delta h/H_{i}\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\) change relationship. Figure 7: \(H/L\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\) change relationship. Influence of change relationship of wave steepness \(B/H\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\): The change in the relationship between the two is shown in Figure 8. Since only one fixed plate with a width of 0.42 m was used in the test, the change relationship was obtained by changing the incident wave height. It can be seen from the figure that the impact force has a parabolic relationship--that is, it first increased and then decreased, which is consistent with the superelevation \(\Delta h\). The plate width is 5-8 times the wave height, which has the greatest impact. For a part that is too wide (\(B>8.0\)\(H\)) or too narrow (\(B<5.0\)\(H\)), the wave has little impact. Influence of change relationship of Wave steepness \(d/L\) and \(P/\gamma H_{i}\): The change of the relationship between the two is shown in Figure 9. Similarly, only one water depth of 0.30 m was carried out in the test, so the change relationship was obtained by changing the incident wave period. It can be seen from the figure that the impact force showed a parabolic relationship; that is, it increased first and then decreased. The period was 1.0 s, and the impact force of the panel was the largest.