# The Concept regarding Vehicular Communications Based on Visible Light Communication and the IoT
## 1 Introduction
Perhaps the most representative and popular field of use for VLC technologies is in road and safety and the design of applications dedicated to vehicular communications. This field also receives increased attention in light of the loss of human life involved, as road accidents are the second leading cause of death worldwide. Implementations in this direction are more and more numerous, proving that VLC is extremely reliable and can provide adequate resistance against noise. Communication dista  
Figure 1: Illustration of the most representative scenarios and applications that use visible light communication. latencies meet the requirements of some vehicle-to-vehicle communication applications [12]. Analyzing all the research and the specialized literature, perhaps the most important aspect for today's society is that VLC is safe for the human body and for other equipment that can be influenced by or is sensitive to interference [13], and VLC is recommended even in RF-restricted areas. VLC can be used in medical procedures, transportation, logistics, security, oil rigs, nuclear power plants, highly confined areas, and even in aquatic research. VLC technology offers many unique benefits, including very high bandwidth and high transfer rates, in addition to the green zone aspects already presented [14]. This technology is increasingly being exploited by research groups, as well as in the private environment, to open up new fields and explore applications that could fix certain pressing problems of our society. The effectiveness of current networks for communication between vehicles has been demonstrated, as well as their use in communication and control in autonomous cars, but aspects related to safety and information protection have been neglected. Therefore, this study focused on the analysis, presentation, and development of an architecture capable of providing a high degree of security in the process of communication between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure through the distribution of light in the indoor and outdoor environment [15]. The application of the solution is oriented toward both the user and the infrastructure or vehicles. The large number of systems produced by research groups so far proves the usefulness of this technology. The experimental evaluation process and the implementation were carried out in different stages, and the concepts were determined at the architectural level but without the implications related to the hardware and software components through which these processes were carried out. The data security aspect is extremely important for both the user and other traffic participants. The data communicated can be intercepted and, subsequently, the control of autonomous vehicles or on-board systems can undergo changes that may jeopardize the condition of the vehicle and endanger the driver, pedestrians, and other traffic participants [16]. Many of the major challenges currently impeding the implementation of new technologies, such as 5G, can be mitigated by using VLC [17; 18]. The most important point is that VLC provides an alternative by not having a limitation in the radio frequency spectrum, which is already loaded and limited, and VLC even has a capacity more than 10,000 times higher than that of RF [19; 20]. As the VLC spectrum remains unregulated and unlicensed, it can be considered an extremely important solution from a bandwidth perspective, capable of mitigating the limitations of the RF spectrum. New approaches and an increase in the degree of security for VLC, as well as development of an implementation method, are imperative. The most important contributions of the article are the proposal for a network architecture for future implementation in relation to vehicular communication and the enhancement of data security through multiple connections based on primary authentication keys and the parameterization of information using unique IDs.