## 1 Introduction
Thus, the first experimental results of this research are presented, demonstrating how a highly interactive digital environment can serve as a valuable tool for urban planning and risk management, contributing to the sustainability and environmental resilience of cities. This paper is structured as follows: the first section is dedicated to the introduction, where the framework and the main theme of the proposed study are presented. A subsection is dedicated to a detailed analysis of the main technologies already present at national and international levels, highlighting the challenges encountered and the innovation of the proposed approach. Section 2 focuses on materials and methods, where the IT procedures and the methodology for the realization of the urban digital twin are detailed. Section 3 is dedicated to the qualitative and quantitative presentation of the obtained results. In Section 4 the main limitations and future developments of the proposed technology are discussed. Finally, Section 5 is dedicated to the conclusions. Related Works  
In the literature, several authors have focused on the implementation of such technology, which should represent the dynamic and virtual replica of a structure or process. For example, Ref. [18] proposes a digital twin of the AANET system, which consists of aviation networks used to solve the problem of connectivity in dynamic environments. The authors present an integrated and complex system that includes the implementation of the virtual physical environment, the operational module, and the use of supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, typical of artificial intelligence, to optimize the network. Most notable is the work of [19], in which the creation of a digital twin model to test the operation of an electric car is presented, using AC motor current as input data and DC motor rotational speed as output. It also includes satellite data for terrain modeling and analysis software for validating the results with historical data. Another significant contribution in the field of digital twin applications in the industrial sector is that of [20], which introduces a digital twin for the automotive industry, focusing on the continuous optimization of production processes, proactive maintenance, and the ongoing processing of process data. In the area of transportation and infrastructure, the contribution of [21] stands out, highlighting the need for more efficient infrastructure systems, achievable through the implementation of cyber-physical systems and, therefore, an intelligent digital twin. A case study of a bridge is presented, analyzing in detail the steps necessary to implement the system and providing an overview of the physical, cyber, and integration details. The agricultural sector is also increasingly exploring the development of digital twins [22; 23]; in detail, [PERSON]. [24] has developed a Decision Support System using a digital twin related to aquaponic cultivation. Even more interesting is the application of such technology in the field of healthcare, specifically regarding the implementation of digital twins of hospital facilities (hospitals and outpatient clinics) and, once again, the possibility of creating one for the human body. This is extensively explored by [25], which compares the traditional digital twin and the human digital twin, highlighting the potential for realization through new technological advancements and proposing a system architecture and implementation approach. In healthcare, [PERSON]. [26] has developed a pragmatic example of a smart ward at Shanghai Tongji Hospital. While the construction of a digital twin of a process, facility, or technology can be governed by knowledge of the structure of the object or system in its process, the digital twin of a city and territory (being a natural process comparable to the complex processes of the human body) is undoubtedly a more intricate and dynamic endeavor. It must take into account several variables that change continuously, even significantly altering the source information.