## 2 Literature Review
### The RUIW and Twitter  
Twitter has been the focus of scholarly assessments that have examined it as a tool for information dissemination and communication in a variety of sectors, particularly with respect to political and social concerns, authoritarian leaders' use of it, during election campaigns, and in relation to the COVID-19 epidemic [40]. Additionally, multiple studies have demonstrated how social networks are essential for galvanizing individuals around a common cause during times of crisis and war [48]. In [40] authors used a social listening analysis on Twitter to evaluate the sentiments and emotions of the public surrounding green energy. The focus was on a critical duration that started at the same time as the Ukrainian-Russian crisis in 2022, which surely had an impact on global energy policies everywhere. In the interval before and after the battle began, texts that mentioned \"green energy\" were searched. Then, authors conducted a dimensionality reduction analysis, a semantic analysis of the most frequently occurring terms, a comparison study of sentiments and emotions in both periods, and an examination of the variance of tweets compared to retweets. The analysis's findings indicated that societal sentiment toward a transition to green energy had shifted as a result of the dispute. Additionally, it was discovered that after the disagreement started, green energy tweeters began to experience unpleasant emotions and sentiments. However, as the war, which was closely related to energy, had forced all nations to urge a quick switch to greener energy sources, the emotion of confidence had also grown. Last but not least, it was observed that of the two latent variables for public view found, pessimism persisted as optimism bifurcated into optimism and expectancy. The invasion of Ukraine by Russia increased fears of a third world war across the world. Throughout the conflict, news spread quickly around the world on social media platforms including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and others. These forums were used to garner support and disseminate information about the conflict as well as a variety of viewpoints with various emotions and perspectives. The ability of such information to influence public conduct must therefore be critically examined. Given this, in [41] the author's objective was to examine such dynamic attitudes by doing exploratory data analysis using a variety of visualizations, utilizing tweets collected from 31 December 2021 to 3 March 2022. The analysis concentrating on tweets based on the crisis between Russia and Ukraine had been done by [49]. The authors amalgamated sentiment analysis and network analysis techniques to generate a number of significant understandings about the dispute conversation. The focus was on identifying the key players in the discussion as well as hashtags or user groups that support either side of the argument. The results indicated that the majority of users favored Ukraine and that the most prominent accounts were those of influential political figures, significant organizations, or media sources that frequently covered the crisis. Similar to this, the majority of pertinent hashtags were mostly used in pro-Ukraine tweets, however several of them also occurred in tweets that favored Russia. All the groupings indicated support for Ukraine to some extent, except for a small number of blatantly pro-Russian communities. Prior studies, such as [35; 36; 38], have concentrated on a particular area for their research work to analyze the RUW impacts on the energy, gas (crude oil), food, healthcare, and stock markets, respectively. Thus, to fill a gap, we found a generalized way of analyzing societal emotions and opinions for the RUW. Closely related studies such as [40; 41] have extracted people's opinions on Twitter utilizing sentiment analysis, exploratory analysis, and network analysis, respectively. In this way, we have overcome the problem of scope limitation for studying people's various emotions.