# Enhanced High-Definition Video Transmission for Unmanned Driving in Mining Environments
###### Abstract  
In the development of intelligent mines, unmanned driving transportation has emerged as a key technology to reduce human involvement and enable unmanned operations. The operation of unmanned vehicles in mining environments relies on remote operation, which necessitates the low-latency transmission of high-definition video data across multiple channels for comprehensive monitoring and precise remote control. To address the challenges associated with unmanned driving in mines, we propose a comprehensive scheme that leverages the capabilities of 5G super uplink, edge collaborative computing, and advanced video transmission strategies. This approach utilizes dual-frequency bands, specifically 3.5 GHz and 2.1 GHz, within the 5G super uplink framework to establish an infrastructure designed for high-bandwidth and low-latency information transmission, crucial for real-time autonomous operations. To overcome limitations due to computational resources at terminal devices, our scheme incorporates task offloading and edge computing methodologies to effectively reduce latency and enhance decision-making speed for real-time autonomous activities. Additionally, to consolidate the benefits of low latency, we implement several video transmission strategies, such as optimized network usage, service-specific wireless channel identification, and dynamic frame allocation. An experimental evaluation demonstrates that our approach achieves an uplink peak rate of 418.5 Mbps with an average latency of 18.3 ms during the parallel transmission of seven channels of 4K video, meeting the stringent requirements for remote control of unmanned mining vehicles.  
umanned driving; high-definition video; parallel transmission; super uplink; collaborative computing 2024 14296. 14296.  
to obtain a comprehensive and accurate perception of their surroundings [8; 9]. Surface operators can then observe the environment from a control platform and issue real-time control commands based on the driving conditions [10; 11], thereby enabling the remote operation of unmanned vehicles in mines.  
The increasing need for significant bandwidth and low latency has propelled the widespread adoption of 5G technology as the foundation of intelligent mines [12], facilitating high-throughput information transmission within mining operations. Moreover, the deployment of technologies such as network slicing [13] and edge computing [14] has enhanced the service capabilities of 5G in various underground scenarios. Overcoming the challenge of achieving low-latency transmission of high-definition videos using 5G technology is considered a primary concern for unmanned driving in mines [15]. Currently, conventional 5G primarily assigns time slots for eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband) [16], with a standard downlink allocation of 70% and an uplink allocation of 30%, which proves inadequate for extensive uplink scenarios, particularly high-definition video transmission from underground to the surface [17]. Furthermore, unmanned vehicles require collaboration with tunnel infrastructures during one-dimensional movement to offload computing tasks; however, the existing coordination algorithms [18; 19] lack optimization for overall low latency. Lastly, in addition to fundamental transmission capabilities, network optimization for video transmission is also essential.  
In this paper, we explore the video transmission needs for remote-controlled unmanned driving in mines, present a video transmission scheme leveraging 5G super uplink, collaborative computing, and transmission strategies, and subsequently validate this scheme to guarantee the dependable and consistent operation of 5G unmanned vehicles in mining environments.