## 5 Analysis of Template-Monomer Functional Interactions
### Method Comparison for Detecting Interactions Template-Monomer and MIP-Template
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Tools** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Advantages**} & **Disadvantages** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Computer simulation} & \(\bullet\) & Able to determine the type and ratio of & & \\  & & suitable monomers in less time & & \\  & & than experiments & & \\  & & than experiments & & \\  & & & \\  & & able to predict the occurrence of & & \\  & unwanted interactions such as the & & & \\  & formation of crosslinker-monomer or & & & \\  & crosslinker-template complexes & & & \\  & & Fast, simple, economic sensing system & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{UV-Vis Spectroscopy} & \(\bullet\) & Able to determine the strength of & \(\bullet\) & It takes a long time and needs to run an \\  & & intermolecular interactions between & experiment in a few different solvents to & [52; 144] \\  & & templates and functional monomers & see the type of chemical interaction & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{FTIR} & \(\bullet\) & Able to analyze liquid samples, gas & \\  & & solutions, powders, and pastes & \\  & & Able to identify bond formation from the & & \\  & absorption of the infrared spectrum by & & \\  & & the sample & \\  & & Can also be used to see quantification of & \\  & & the degree of polymerization and & \\  & & reactivity for each type of polymerizable & \\  & & group on the monomers & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{\({}^{1}\)H-NMR} & \(\bullet\) & Able to detects hydrogen bonds by & \\  & & observing the downfield shift that occurs & & \\  & due to the reduced electron density & & \\  & around the protons during hydrogen & & of small molecules by NMR is often & \\  & & bond formation & hampered by the fast exchange of & \\  & & A good tool for studying the power and & species in solution. & \\  & & geometry of hydrogen bonds & & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Suspended-State STD} & \(\bullet\) & Simple preparation & & \\  & & Fast & \\  & & Quantitative data may be & & \\  & & obtained conveniently & & \\  & HR/MAS NMR & \(\bullet\) & Able to see polar and non-polar & \\  & & interaction between MIP and & & \\  & & its template & & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Raman Spectroscopy} & \(\bullet\) & Provides fingerprint information on the & \(\bullet\) & Raman scattering cross-section is tiny & \\  & & chemical structure of the analyte based & \(\bullet\) & Only a small fraction of the photons are & \\  & & on the shift in the Raman & & inelastically scattered (about 1 in & \\  & & scattering frequency & 10 million) & \\  & & \(\bullet\) & Requires little or no sample preparation & \(\bullet\) & Limited by low signal-to-noise because & \\  & & In the final Raman spectrum, water & & only 1 photon out of 109 incident & \\  & & is negligible & & photons undergoes Raman scattering & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{SERS} & \(\bullet\) & Sample decomposition is often & & \\  & & & encountered in the measurement of SERS & \\  & & & Sensitivity of SERS to the changes of the & \\  & & & local environment of the molecules-MIP & \\  & & including H+ concentration, sensing, & \\  & & potential, and other factors influencing & & \\  & & accuracy of SERS result on detection of & \\  & & intermolecular binding & & \\  & & SERS mechanisms require that the & \\  & & molecular chromophores interact with & \\  & & the metal interface at short distances & \\  & & Molecules with poor affinity to metal & \\  & & often require nanoparticle & \\  & & functionalization or & \\  & & molecule derivatization & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Fluorescence Spectroscopy} & \(\bullet\) & Highly sensitive & & \\  & & It can be used to visualize interaction on & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & biological systems when MIP is used as & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & a sensor & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & Need fluorescence monomer or other & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & fluorescence compounds for interaction & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & detection & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Background signals usually exist caused & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & either by strong scattering of the & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & particles, strong absorption, or & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & background luminescence of the & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & polymeric system. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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