# ICENET: An Information Centric Protocol for Big Data Wireless Sensor Networks
## 5 Simulations and Results
### Results  
Figure 9 shows the average number of queries forwarded by nodes per simulation round. This is an important metric, because it impacts directly on network lifetime--data communication is the most energy-consuming activity of the sensor nodes [52; 57]. In addition, the number of messages is related \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **Description** \\ \hline \(l_{\mathrm{min}}\) & SP (sample period) of the Interest \\ \hline \(l_{\mathrm{max}}\) & 4 \\ \hline \(k\) & \(\sum\) child data sources (\(|\mathrm{DS}|\)) \\ \hline _consistency_ & Receive a Data message from a child node \\ \hline _inconsistency_ & Do not receive any Data message from any of the child nodes \\ \hline \(T_{u}\) & 1 s \\ \hline \(n\) & 0.004 s \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Parameters for refreshing interests and updating FIBs. to the efficient use of the wireless channel, interference, and delay. We can observe that, the larger the number of nodes, the more significant was the difference between the number of queries forwarded by the two protocols. In a scenario with 100 nodes, ICENET nodes forwarded 75.60 queries on average, while CoAP nodes forwarded 245.44 messages on average. In a scenario with 300 nodes, ICENET nodes forwarded 129.33 queries, while CoAP nodes forwarded 1079.61 messages. Comparing the two scenarios, ICENET increased the number of forwarded queries by 71% when the number of nodes increased from 100 to 300, while CoAP presented an increase of approximately 340%. In other words, in a scenario with 300 nodes, CoAP forwarded approximately 8 times more queries than ICENET. This difference occured because CoAP unicasted a request to each node that monitored the physical parameter. In addition to the largest number of queries initially generated by each node, the unicast communication pattern caused the retransmission of lost messages by the MAC layer. Figure 10 shows the average number of data messages received by the gateway node for each simulation round. Although CoAP nodes forwarded more queries, in scenarios with 200 and 300 nodes the ICENET gateway received a larger number of data messages. In a scenario with 100 nodes, the CoAP server received approximately 6% more data messages than the ICENET gateway. However, in a scenario with 300 nodes, the ICENET gateway receiveD approximately 47% more data messages. When \(N\) is large, ICENET presented the best results, because the large number of query messages sent by CoAP congested the network. Network congestion is related to delay, interference, and data loss. The results presented by the scenario with 100 nodes shows that the strategy adopted by CoAP to forward queries performed better for networks consisting of a few nodes. The number of messages generated to unicast a query to each node that monitored the requested physical parameter, and the subsequent retransmissions performed by the MAC layer, were not sufficient to congest the network and, therefore, CoAP delivered a larger number of data messages. Figure 11 shows the average success rate presented by the evaluated protocols. Success rate is the relationship between the theoretical number of data messages and the data messages actually received. The theoretical number of data messages corresponds to the number of messages that would be received in an ideal scenario, without packet losses due to the wireless channel impairments, interferences, or multiple accesses. The success rate is related to the number of data messages received by the gateway. In a scenario with 100 nodes, CoAP presented a success rate 5% higher than the success rate presented by ICENET. However, in scenarios with 200 and 300 nodes, ICENET presented the best results. In the scenario with 300 nodes, ICENET presented a success rate 9% higher. Figure 9: Number of queries forwarded by nodes. Figure 12 presents the average overhead associated with the evaluated protocols. Overhead refers to the relationship between the number of forwarded queries and the number of received data messages.