## 3 Case Studies  
### WGV Sump Park  
Situated in the City of Fremantle's local government area, the WGV residential development was described as 'a carbon positive living laboratory', as it was designed to demonstrate an innovative approach--\"Innovation Through Demonstration\"--to urban infill, which included all the One Planet Living goals and, in particular, the goal to achieve zero carbon outcomes [41; 42]. This approach aimed to introduce higher densities, diversity of housing types and sizes, responding to changing demographic cohorts and climate conditions, including an award-winning social housing initiative called Sustainable Housing for Artists and Creatives (SHAC), amenities, and a range of sustainability initiatives, such as energy, water, and landscing strategies. This new residential estate, comprising more than 80 residential units, was developed on a 2.29-hectare former school site, owned by the Western Australian State Government, by DevelopmentWA (the WA state government land development agency). Adjacent to this area was a fenced sump owned and managed by the local government. The sump was integrated into the development's planning [31; 43; 44] and became, what is called in this paper, the WGV sump park. The City of Fremantle and DevelopmentWA were the key supporters of the project. Together with Curtin University, the community of White Gum Valley, private sector investors, engineering, and environmental design consultants were involved in generating sustainable solutions to increase the quality of life, address the environmental and social challenges, and create a sustainable community [31; 42]. To help achieve these objectives, the One Planet Living framework was used [41]. The structure plan for the WGV development subdivided the area into 28 development lots and open public spaces. The revitalization of the adjacent 0.16-hectare sump aimed to convert the underutilized space into a publicly accessible landscape, which would add social, economic, and environmental value to the residential estate while still performing its function as a drainage overflow area with a capacity of 2000 cubic meters. The revitalization project encompassed engineering and earthworks to deal with stormwater effectively and a landscape design to ensure that local biodiversity and canopy increase and provide recreational green space to the community [31; 45]. On the engineering side, the project team conducted an assessment of the sump capacity and modelled the expected performance. The results indicated that the existing conditions at the time (2015) complied with the 5-year ARI (average recurrence interval) event but not with the 100-year ARI event. Considering the landscape project to be developed on site, a consultant's recommendation was to install water storage cells underground to maximize the stormwater storage, a simple and effective sustainable urban drainage approach to manage stormwater on-site [46]. To protect the drainage system, urban stormwater debris from the surrounding catchment is captured by gross pollutant traps, which are cleared out regularly [45]. The design incorporated water-sensitive urban design principles and water efficiency measures. The landscape concept was based on a winter wet depression feature, where plants that prefer seasonally wet conditions occur at the bottom of the sump and those that prefer drier conditions grow at the top. The plant palette included a diverse range of trees, shrubs, grasses, and groundcovers that are native to the area for biodiversity benefits. Large boulders of locally occurring limestone were chosen for retaining the embankment of the sump in an informal way [45]. The result of this landsced public space was expected to strongly contribute to creating sense of place, health, and wellbeing for users and residents(Figure 4) and was formally assessed by the Fremantle Council after close discussions with the local community, who also agreed to help with providing local history narratives that could be used in the park.