## 3 Data Analysis
### Tools  
Numerous software packages allow for the simulation of the propagation of radio waves. Each product is characterized by a different set of features and has both advantages and shortcomings. Next, we briefly overview the popular software used in scientific and engineering research.  
MATLAB Communication toolbox [29]. It is a built-in library of the popular MATLAB software. This software offers a variety of possibilities for ray-tracing modeling. Here, one can use the mapping method or the SBR method and set basic parameters such as the location of the receiver and transmitter, the size of their antenna arrays, the carrier frequency, the parameters of materials, weather conditions, etc. Also, using this module, one can calculate all the main parameters of the simulated system, such as propagation losses, received power at the UE, BS coverage map, etc. As an environment, one can use 3D street maps in _.osm_ format, which can be downloaded from the OpenStreetMap [30] service, as well as 3D indoor models in _.stl_ format. One of the main advantages of this tool is compatibility with all popular operating systems. The shortcomings include the lack of the ability to simulate ray tracing in combination with mobile objects, the limited choice of materials for objects, as well as the inability to create a 3D environment directly via the software interface.  
Wireless Insite [31]. This software includes one of the largest feature sets and is the most commonly used in scientific work. The SBR method is used to simulate ray-tracing. This software allows for the incorporation of various 3D environments, adjusting the materials of objects, and calculating and setting the entire range of parameters, such as the location of receivers and transmitters, carrier frequency, power, propagation loss, etc. It is possible to create a 3D environment through the program interface. The shortcomings include the inability to simulate ray tracing in combination with mobile objects, and the inability to select a ray-tracing method. This software is distributed on a commercial basis and is compatible with the Windows operating system only.  
Ansys HFSS [32]. Ansys software is extremely powerful in modeling radio wave propagation. The main advantage is the ability to model objects with complex geometry and materials, as well as simulate scenarios with mobile objects. In addition to the standard features that are implemented in MATLAB Communication Toolbox and Wireless InSite, there is the possibility for modeling extended physics of diffraction effects, the possibility of accelerating the performance of modeling, and an advanced system for visualizing the propagation of rays. Similarly to Wireless InSite, Ansys HFSS is a commercial tool.  
WinProp [33]. WinProp is another fairly popular software for ray-tracing simulations. It has a set of features similar to the Wireless Insite and MATLAB Communication toolbox and is widely used in the scientific community. Among the advantages, we note the built-in graphical user interface (GUI) capable of creating both urban outdoor environments and various indoor premises. Also, the advantages include proprietary algorithms for accelerating ray tracing for image methods and SBR, as well as the ability to apply ray tracing to mobile objects. Among the shortcomings are distribution on a commercial basis, limited visualization capabilities, the inability to model complex objects, and compatibility only with the Windows operating system.  
In our study, we utilize the MATLAB Communication toolbox, as it allows for modifications of the ray-tracing mechanisms, a detailed configuration of the considered scenarios, utilization of user-defined output data formatting, and built-in statistical functions.