# High-Pressure Technologies for the Recovery of Bioactive Molecules from Agro-Industrial Waste
## 2 Presurized Liquid Extraction Processes
### PLE of Bioactive Compounds from Waste
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Compounds** & **Source** & **Extraction Solvent** & **Operating Conditions** & **Sample Weight Treated** & **Extraction Method** & **Ref** \\ \hline Fucoidan & _Saccharina japonica_ & NaOH (4.15\%) & 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 50 bar for 5 min & 2 g & PLE & [63] \\ \hline _L. bararum_ & Fruit of _Lycium_ & water & 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 1500 psi & 250 mg & PLE & [64; 65] \\ polysaccharides & _bararum_ & water & for 20 min & 250 mg & PLE & [64; 65] \\ \hline Fucoidan & Saccharina japonica & water & 127.01 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 80 bar, S/L ratio of 0.04 g mL\({}^{-1}\), AS of 300 rpm, for 11.98 min & \textless{}20 g & SWE & [66] \\ \hline \(\beta\)-glucan & _Tuber melanosporum_ & water and & 180 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 16.7 MPa & 500 mg & PLE & [67] \\ \hline Polysaccharides & _Fucus virsoides_ and & water and 0.1 & 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 1500 psi & 1 g & PLE & [38] \\ _Cystoseira barbata_ & M H\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\) & for 15 min & 1 g & PLE & [38] \\ \hline Polysaccharides & Sagittaria & water & 170 \({}^{\circ}\)C, L/S of 7 mL/g for 16 & 1 g & SWE & [68] \\ _Cystoseirabata_ & sagititifolia L. & water & min & 1 g & SWE & [69] \\ \hline Polysaccharides & Lentinus edodes & water & 150 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 15 min & 1 g & SWE & [69] \\ \hline Gallic acid & Cardoon leaf & 100\% EtOH & room temperature, 9 bar, static phase 2 min; dynamic phase 2 min; dynamic phase 2 min & 40 g & Naviglión® method & [70] \\ \hline Gallic acid & Cowpea & \begin{tabular}{c} 50\% (\(v/v\)) \\ EtOH \\ \end{tabular} & 170 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 10.34 MPa for 10 min & 5 g & PLE & [71] \\ \hline Gallic acid & _Fucus vesiculos_ & 58.65\% (\(v/v\)) \\  & _vesiculosus_ & EtOH & 137.18 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 4.68 min & 1 g & PLE & [72] \\ \hline Gallic acid & \begin{tabular}{c} Grape marc of \\ Croatian cultivar \\ and olive pomace \\ \end{tabular} & 75\% wt & \begin{tabular}{c} inlet and outlet temperatures \\ of 190 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 88 \({}^{\circ}\)C, \\ respectively, 10 MPa \\ \end{tabular} & 5 g & HPTE & [73] \\ \hline Gallic acid & \begin{tabular}{c} Spent coffee (_Ceffea arabica_ L.) \\ \end{tabular} & water & \begin{tabular}{c} 110–190 \({}^{\circ}\)C; time: 15–75 min; \\ solid-to-liquid ratio: 1:10–1:70, \\ \(w/v\) \\ \end{tabular} & 4 g & SWE & [74] \\ \hline Gallic acid & Grape skins & methanol & 150 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 270 min & \textless{}10 g & HPTE & [75] \\ \hline Gallic acid & Biquinho pepper & 75\% wt & inlet and outlet temperatures & \textless{}5 kg & PLE & [76] \\ \hline Gallic acid & \begin{tabular}{c} Biquinho pepper \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 75\%: 37.5\%: \\ ethanol \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 80 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 25 solvent to DW ratio \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \\ (kg/kg DW), 100 bar for \\ 30 min \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} \textless{}5 kg \\ \end{tabular} & PLE & [77] \\ \hline Polyphenolic compounds & _Solanum stenotomum_ & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 80\% (\(v/v\)) of \\ ethanol in \\ water \\ acidified to \\ pH 2.6 with \\ acetic acid \\ \end{tabular} & 65 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 100 bar & 10 g/min & PLE & [78] \\ \hline Polyphenolic compounds & _Saccharina japonica_ & NaOH (1.54–3.64\%) & 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 50 bar for 5 min & 10 g & PLE & [63] \\ \hline Polyphenolic compounds & Corn Silage &
\begin{tabular}{c} 10\% (\(v/v\)) \\ EtOH \\ \end{tabular} & 180 \({}^{\circ}\)C, L/S & \textless{}10 g & HPTE & [79] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._