## 3 Results
### Antioxidant Activity  
In the present research, the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained by the three methods was assessed by in vitro methods: the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and CUPRAC methods.  
The calibration curve equations obtained for the determination of the antioxidant activity for each used method are given in Table 3.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline
**Extract** & **Gallic Acid** & \begin{tabular}{c} **3-O-Methylgallic Acid** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Caffeic Acid** \\ \end{tabular} & **Ferulic Acid** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Chlorogenic Acid** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **p-Couramic Acid** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **trans-** \\ **Resveratrol** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline _Radix_ & 76.3392\(\pm\) 10.55 & 41.2526\(\pm\) 9.22 & 38.3477\(\pm\) 1.15 & 29.2526\(\pm\) 5.14 & 37.3024\(\pm\) 2.11 & 41.6825\(\pm\) 3.41 & 27.7784\(\pm\) 1.12 \\ \hline _Flores_ & 56.4867\(\pm\) 11.48 & 39.8613\(\pm\) 10.11 & 28.6386\(\pm\) 1.22 & 34.8613\(\pm\) 12.01 & - & 37.9556\(\pm\) 10.16 & - \\ \hline _Herba_ & 57.4983\(\pm\) 12.81 & 40.7341\(\pm\) 8.28 & 24.6112\(\pm\) 1.02 & 28.7341\(\pm\) 7.66 & - & 25.0828\(\pm\) 4.15 & 26.8829\(\pm\) 1.71 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Phenolic compounds in the extracts from _Lysimachia nummularia_ L.  
Figure 5: HPLC-DAD chromatograms using the developed method of mixed standards at 324 nm. Red line corresponds to the ethanolic solution of _Lysimachia nummularia herba_ samples with the standard solution, green line corresponds to the ethanolic extracts without the standard solution.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Methods** & **Calibration Curve Equation** & \(\mathbf{R^{2}}\) \\ \hline DPPH assay & y = 75.562x + 3.569 & 0.9967 \\ \hline ABTS\({}^{\star\star}\) assay & y = 87.731x + 6.488 & 0.9978 \\ \hline FRAP assay & y = 71.682x + 9.5777 & 0.9977 \\ \hline CUPRAC assay & y = 0.0148x + 0.0112 & 0.9733 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Calibration curve relationships for the determination of antioxidant activity.  
The results regarding the antioxidant activity are summarized in Table 4, in which the data are expressed as the mean \(\pm\) standard error of the mean (\(n\) = 5).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Method of** **Determination**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Extraction Method**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Sample**} \\ \cline{3-5}  & & _Herba_ & _Radix_ & _Flores_ \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{DPPH assay IC\({}_{50}\) in \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}/\mathrm{mL}\)} & Soxhlet extraction & \(361.38\pm 0.54\) & \(531.99\pm 7.81\) & 439.66 \(\pm\) 2.92 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Meneration extraction \\ \end{tabular} } & \(61.25\pm 0.34\) & \(17.58\pm 1.05\) & \(26.26\pm 1.62\) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-5}  & & Ultrasound extraction & \(71.22\pm 0.24\) & \(22.15\pm 0.99\) & \(34.06\pm 0.48\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Antioxidant activity results acquired for the tested _Lysimachia numularia_ L. samples.  
Figure 6: Gallic, chlorogenic, 3-O-methylgallic, p-coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids and _trans_-resveratrol in _Lysimachia numularia_ L. ethanolic 70% (_v/o_) extracts. The concentrations of phenolic compounds in the ethanolic extracts are expressed in mg/100 g dry sample. The results are presented as mean and error bars (\(n\) = 5). Asterisks indicate the statistical significance examined by Tukey test for multiple reciprocal comparison among the extracts (significant: * \(p\) < 0.05, ** \(p\) < 0.01, *** \(p\) < 0.001, ns: \(p\) > 0.05).