## 1 Introduction
The compared features are grouped into six blocks: (1) micro-CHP system technology, (2) modeled physical phenomena, (3) optimization problem formulation, (4) energy demand profiles, (5) parameters included in the analysis, and (6) compared operating strategies. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline  & **[PERSON] et al.** [17]\({}^{\ast}\) & **[PERSON] et al.** [19] & **[PERSON] et al.** [18] & **[PERSON] et al.** [21]\({}^{\ast}\) & **[PERSON] et al.** [20] & **This study** \\ \hline Micro-CHF system & SMPC & PEMC & PEMC & PEMC & PEMC & PEMC \\ technology & Cas engine & & & & Cas engine & \\  & Stirling engine & & & & & \\ \hline Stack degradation & ✗ & ✓ & ✗ & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ \\ Auxiliary energy losses & ✗ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ \\ Fluid losses in the ETS & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ \\ Fluid feedback & ✓ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ \\ Efficiency & ✓ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ \\ Efficiency & ✓ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ \\ Structure-CHF ramp & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ \\ Operations and shadow & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ \\ Energy and shadow costs & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ \\ \hline Startup and shadow costs & ✗ & ✓ & ✓ & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ \\ Total impulse cost & ✗ & ✗ & ✗ & ✗ & ✗ & ✓ \\ \hline Optimization problem & NLP\({}^{\ast}\) & MLP & MLP & MLP & MLP & LP / & MLP \\ Formulation & 1 day & 1 day & 1 day & 1 day & 1 day & 8 h \\ \hline Demand profile resolution & 5 min & 5 min & 15 min & 1 h & 1 h & 1 min \\ The period studied & Annual & Annual/lifetime & Annual & Annual & Annual & Annual & Annual \\ Demand profiles & Inductive of UK & One large UK & Inductive of NL & One single-family & One Merlling in North & Reference load profiles \\ pressure/pressure & average residential & Modelling in average residential & house in Kialkyabua, & West of London & according to VIG Calude- \\  & demand & north London & demand & & & 146 \% \\ Simulation approach & Uuk. & Sample day profiles & Complete annual profiles & Uuk. & & Complete annual profiles \\ \hline Number of parameters & 2 & 5 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 4 & 5 \\ stacked & & & & & & & \\ Parameters whose influence & Energy prices & Start/stop costs & Electricity traffic structures & Micro-CHF technology & FIT & Energy prices \\ is studied & FIT & Ramp limits & & & Government incentives & FIT \\  & & Maximum turndown & & & Carbon tax & Sack degradation \\  & & Minimum up-time & & & PEMC nominal power & Climate zone \\ Number of scenarios & & & & & & HIR demand side \\ evaluated & 15 & 6 & 3 & 2 & 60 & 46 \\ \hline Number of EMS compared & 3 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 5 & 1e-kid \\ EMS compared & Heat-held & Optimal strategy & Heat-held & Minimum CO\({}_{2}\) operation & Heat-held & Heat-held \\ Electricity-led & Electricity-led & Optimal strategy & Optimal strategy & Electricity-led & Heat-and-electricity-led \\  & Optimal strategy & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{\ast}\) The description of the model and the formulation of the optimization problem are in [2]\({}^{\ast}\) \({}^{\ast}\) The model used is presented in [2]\({}^{\ast}\) \({}^{\ast}\) The authors assume that heat cannot be changed. \({}^{\ast}\) The authors assume that heat during is not allowed. \({}^{\ast}\) Non-linear programming \({}^{\ast}\) The formulation is UZ (lower programming) because there are two startups/tholarrows and because there is no pressure electrical dispatch. \({}^{\ast}\) The proposed framework and shown its execution. \({}^{\ast}\) Physical phenomena take into account. \({}^{\ast}\) Physical phenomena take into account.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Comparison of this study with previous research.