## 4 Results
### Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Public Hospital Accessibility in Shenzhen  
The autocorrelation analysis of the Moran index shows that the Z-score of the accessibility of the research units in Shenzhen is 57.07, indicating that accessibility is not randomly distributed but shows significant spatial clustering characteristics. An in-depth analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of the accessibility of public hospitals in Shenzhen reveals the following features:  
(1) The accessibility of public hospitals in the metropolitan core area of Shenzhen is significantly higher than outside the core area. As shown in Table 3, the average and median accessibility within the metropolitan core area is almost twice those outside the core area, showing a \"center-periphery\" pattern in spatial distribution. The statistical data not only reflect the generally low and less varied accessibility of public hospitals outside the metropolitan core area but also indicate that while the accessibility within the metropolitan core area is generally high, there are also particularly high points. Figure 12 shows that two significant high-accessibility areas are located at the junction of Nanshan District and Bao'an District and the entire Futian District and the western part of Luohu District, all located within the metropolitan core area of Shenzhen, and most of them are within the historical special zone. The high accessibility in this area is highly related to its level of economic development and population density, highlighting the close relationship between the accessibility of public hospitals and urban economic development. (2) Significant differences in the accessibility levels of public hospitals across different districts in Shenzhen have been observed. According to the accessibility statistics histogram of each district in Figure 13, the ten districts can be divided into four categories: (a) Luohu District and Futian District have the highest overall accessibility, with the best average accessibility level, forming the highest accessibility center in Shenzhen. (b) Nanshan District is noted for relatively high overall accessibility, with its junction with Bao'an District forming the second-highest accessibility center in Shenzhen. (c) Bao'an District, Longgang District, Longhua District, Guangming District, Pingshan District, and Yantian District have average overall accessibility, with some southern streets of Bao'an District being included in the metropolitan core area, raising the maximum accessibility value; similarly, this is observed in Longgang District near Luohu District. (d) Dapeng New District is identified as having the worst accessibility. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Area** & **Maximum** & **Minimum** & **Mean** & **Median** & **Standard Deviation** \\ \hline Within the metropolitan core area & 0.21300 & 0.01582 & 0.08699 & 0.07287 & 0.05093 \\ \hline Outside the metropolitan core area & 0.19086 & 0.00038 & 0.03701 & 0.03361 & 0.02393 \\ \hline Shenzhen citywide & 0.21300 & 0.00038 & 0.06129 & 0.04388 & 0.04704 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Accessibility statistics within and outside the metropolitan core of Shenzhen. (3) The accessibility of regional centers has been found to be better and evenly distributed along major traffic arteries. In areas such as Bao'an, Guangming, Longhua, Longgang, and Pingshan, the accessibility of public hospitals is centered on regional centers and radiates outward along major traffic arteries, forming a relatively uniform accessibility distribution pattern. This characteristic indicates that the development of the transportation network plays an important role in improving the spatial accessibility of medical service facilities, and good transportation conditions help to improve the accessibility of medical services for residents in surrounding areas.