## 5 Experiment Verification
### Discussion  
This study conducted experiments to verify type I and II passive heat dissipation systems from simulation results to determine whether their temperature distribution trend was identical and to confirm the cooling performance of the designed types of heat dissipation system. However, under conditions of passive heat dissipation, temperature control could not achieve the -20 \({}^{\circ}\)C\(\rightarrow\)+70 \({}^{\circ}\)C temperature range required by standard  
Figure 17: A thermoelectric cooling chip (TEC). Figure 18: A heat generator (Dummy Heater). electronic components. This study maintained a stable-state temperature above 70 \({}^{\circ}\)C in both simulation and test results, so an active cooling system was required. This study also utilized TECs to quickly absorb heat and used cooling fins and fans to transfer heat outside the system. Hopefully, the test verifies the heat dissipation performance of types I and II passive heat dissipation systems and their compliance with the heat dissipation requirements of the system. The experiment first uses a 48 W heat generator to heat the system for 3600 s for both types I and II under conditions where active cooling systems are solely reliant on passive heat dissipation to simulate the heat generated from the T/R module and observe changes in temperature. Next, the active cooling system was activated for 1800 s simultaneously observing the cooling curve before shutting off the 48 W heat generator and continuing operation of the cooling system for 1800 s, and cooling the system to a stable state. Measurement data of upper panel temperatures for both types are mentioned in Table 4. Results show that during the 3600 s period without the active heat dissipation system, type I achieved a maximum temperature of approximately 83.5 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which is higher compared with the 79.2 \({}^{\circ}\)C of type II; in addition, the temperature difference between the four measurement points of both types revealed a better thermal equalization by type II. This trend remains uniform after the active cooling system is activated and temperatures enter a stable state. In terms of temperature control, temperatures of type I were approximately 46.1-50.6 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and that of type II was approximately 43.4-45.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C, indicating a superior performance of type II in heat dissipation. Additionally, when the heat generator was stopped after 5400 s, the temperature curve of the figure clearly shows a faster cooling of type II and entered a steady state when compared with type I. This comparison shows that the heat dissipation performance of type II is superior to that of type I as shown in Figures 20 and 21. Measurement data from the temperatures in the two types of heat generators (as in Table 5) show that during the 3600 s period without active heat dissipation, both types I and II measured at above 90 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which is more than the 70 \({}^{\circ}\)C required for temperature control. After the active cooling system performed temperature control for 1800 s, the temperature evidently decreased to 54-57 \({}^{\circ}\)C and met the cooling requirements of the system as shown in Figures 22 and 23. Figure 21: Temperature responses in Type II upper-plate point. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Type I**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Type II**} \\ \hline
**Temperature** & **Point 5** & **Point 6** & **Point 7** & **Point 8** & **Point 5** & **Point 6** & **Point 7** & **Point 8** \\ \hline No active & & & & & & & & \\ cooling which & 90.1 °C & 89.4 °C & 91.3 °C & 90.9 °C & 90.2 °C & 88.3 °C & 90.2 °C & 89.6 °C \\ in 3600 s & & & & & & & \\ Active cooling & 56.2 °C & 55.7 °C & 57.7 °C & 57.4 °C & 55.1 °C & 54.0 °C & 56.0 °C & 55.4 °C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: A comparison of heating source measurement. Figure 22: Temperature responses in Type I heat-source point. Figure 20: Temperature responses in Type I upper-plate point. Figure 27: Type II heat-source temperature.