# A Review on the Performance of Concrete Containing Non-Potable Water
## 3 Wastewater Characteristics
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Study No.**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Authors**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Types of Water**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Incorporation**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fresh**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mechanical**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Durability**} \\  & & & **Ratio (\%)** & **Properties** & **Properties** & **and Others** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{12} & & 5\% salt & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & 10\% salt & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & 5\% oil & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & 10\% oil & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & Stone slurry WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\  & & Taming industry WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, ST & WA \\
13 & [PERSON] et al. (2016) & Untreated WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS & – \\  & & Treated WW & 1 and 100 & SL & CS & – \\
14 & [PERSON] et al. (2006) & Sludge WW & 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, & SL & CS, MS, FS & H2 SO4-AASH \\  & & & 60, 80, 100 & & & \\
15 & [PERSON] et al. (2016) & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS, ST & WA, ER \\
16 & [PERSON] and & [PERSON] (2016) & Untreated WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL, AC & CS, MS, FS & UPV, HD, CIP \\
17 & [PERSON] et al. (2020) & Treated WW & – & – & – & D\({}_{\rm nnsm}\) \\  & & Primary treated WW & – & ST & CS, ST, FS & – \\
18 & [PERSON] (2012) & Secondary treated WW & – & – & CS, ST, FS & – \\  & & Tertiary treated WW & – & – & CS, ST, FS & – \\
19 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2019) & Treated WW & 0, 50, 100 & CS & – \\
20 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2011) & Polyvinyl acetate WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, FS & HD, \\  & & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, FS & WA, UPV, CIP \\
21 & [PERSON] and & [PERSON] (2019) & Treated WW + bacterial & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, FS & WA, CIP \\  & & & Isolation & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, FS & WA, CIP \\  & & Treated WW + bacterial & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, FS & WA, CIP \\  & & solution & & & & \\
22 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2018) & Secondary treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, FS & D\({}_{\rm nnsm}\) \\  & & Tertiary treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL & CS, FS & D\({}_{\rm nnsm}\) \\  & & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & – & CS, ST, FS & – \\
23 & [PERSON] et al. (2019) & Polish filtered WW & 0 and 100 & – & CS, ST, FS & – \\  & & Bore water & 0 and 100 & – & CS, ST, FS & – \\  & & Treated WW1 & 0 and 100 & – & – & – \\
24 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] & Treated WW2 & 0 and 100 & – & – & – \\  & (2018) & Treated WW3 & 0 and 100 & – & – & – \\  & & Treated WW4 & 0 and 100 & – & – & – \\  & & [PERSON] and & Reverse osmosis water & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS, FS & – \\
25 & [PERSON] (2021) & River water & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS, FS & – \\  & & Sugar factory WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS, FS & – \\  & & Untreated WW & 0 and 100 & CS, FS & – \\
26 & [PERSON] (2014) & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & CS, FS & – \\
27 & [PERSON] and & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL, AC & CS & WA, ER \\  & [PERSON] (2018) & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, ST & WA, ER, WAC \\
28 & [PERSON] et al. (2020) & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & SL, AC & CS, ST & WA, ER, WAC \\
29 & [PERSON] et al. (2020) & Treated WW & 0, 50, 75, 100 & – & CS & – \\
30 & [PERSON] et al. (2019) & Treated WW & 0, 50, 75, 100 & – & CS & WA \\  & Heavy industry WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS & WAC \\
31 & [PERSON] (2012) & Treated WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS & WAC \\  & Treated palm-oil WW & 0 and 100 & ST, SL & CS & WAC \\
32 & [PERSON] et al. (2011) & Untreated WW & 0, 25, 50, 100 & SL & CS, ST & WAC \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{l}{ST—setting time (min), SL—slump (mm), AC—air content (%), CS—compressive strength (MPa), MS—modulus of elasticity (MPa), ST—splitting tensile strength (MPa), FS—flexural strength (MPa), WA—water absorption (%), UV—ultrasonic pulse velocity (m/s), ER—electrical resistivity (Ohm-m), HD—hardened density (kg/m\({}^{3}\)), CIP—chloride ion permeability (Coulomb), H\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\)—AA—H\({}_{2}\)SO\({}_{4}\)-acid attack, D\({}_{\rm nnsm}\)—chloride ion diffusion, WAC—water absorption by capillarily, SH—shrinkage (%). Note: zero percentage of WW means that the study compared WW with conventional water. Minus sign ( –) means that there is no study on this path.} \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table}