## 1 Introduction
The solution using metamaterial-based approach is presented in following articles. The circular-shaped CSRR-based fractal antenna [16], the fidget-shaped structure loaded with parasitic SRR for multiband wireless communication applications [17], The monopole antenna lotus shaped for X-bands and WLAN is proposed using the metamaterial and partial ground concept, Article [18] provides a dual-polarized slot antenna using SRR at the C-band. Using eight SRRs between two ports as the suggested architecture achieves excellent inter-port isolation and a low axial ratio. A reflector near the feed line has also been used to boost the design's modest gain. The article proposed in [19] represents the C-shaped metamaterial elements in monopole antenna that provide the multiband response, and the design is appropriate for the WiMAX and GSM applications. The WiMAX and WLAN applications are supplied by the Coplanar Waveguide (CPW). A unique substrate-integrated magneto-electric dipole antenna with circular polarization was developed to provide efficient wireless communication. The antenna consists of a ground plane, two rows of metallic via printed in arc shapes and a feeding strip on top. The antenna can provide consistent and unidirectional radiation over its entire working frequency range. This layout has the potential to work for small and lightweight wireless transceivers operating in the sub-6 GHz band or for use in satellite communications [20]. A hybrid half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide diplex antenna is presented for wearable transceiver purposes. The antenna has a circular and rectangular cavity, both quarter-mode structures. Using separate microstrip lines to stimulate each resonator, it has two independent resonance frequencies of 4 GHz and 4.79 GHz. By etching a rectangular slit at the cavity junction, we may ensure a high degree of isolation (>25 dB) between the two resonator cavities [21]. Ref. [22] represents one rectangular slot with an open end installed on the top cladding of a compact half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide. The slot splits the cavity into two unequal apertures. Isolation of more than 25 dB may be achieved with careful and adequate optimization of the antenna size, which also helps to initiate the self-duplexing feature. The suggested design uses a low-cost printed circuit board to actualize it on a single-layered dielectric substrate. To increase isolation for 5G millimeter wave applications, a low-profile planar MIMO antenna with four components is suggested in [23]. The microstrip feeds a slanted spade-shaped radiator with four asymmetrical slots and a partial ground plane that serves as one of the MIMO antenna's radiating elements. The isolation between the antenna components is then strengthened by loading two cross lines in that space. The design's analysis was carried out using a parametric examination of the dimensions of the whole and split-ring resonators, the distance between the feeding ground planes, the thickness of the substrate and the various dielectric constants. Broad bandwidth is achieved by this approach [24]. The optimization of the different parameters helps design an optimized antenna, which gives better gain and bandwidth that can be utilized for other applications. The design uses CSRR to investigate the potential of a multilayer, dual-polarized antenna inspired by metamaterials. A metasurface ground plane and a slotted square patch filled with CSRR are planned to sit atop two substrates in this architecture. The antenna shows various radiation properties, making it suitable for LTE, WiMAX and satellite use. The article delves into using a square CSRR in a UWB MIMO antenna with a forked configuration. U and Z slot-based antenna and a CSRR combine to produce a two-element multiple-input multiple-output structure in the antenna's unit cell. For use in a variety of applications among the frequency bands 2 GHz and 9 GHz, a circular fractal antenna equipped with a spectral response ring was developed.