## 4 Texture Evolution
### Influence of Alloying Elements  
Many research has shown that different alloy elements in Mg alloys have significant influence on the formation and evolution of macroscopic and microscopic texture. In Mg alloys, the addition of rare earth (RE) elements can increase the activity of the non-basal slip system, change the crystallographic texture and improve the formability of Mg alloys. Several researchers have investigated the direct correlation between the recrystallization behavior and the formation of the RE texture component in wrought Mg alloys [42]. [PERSON] et al. [71] studied the DRX mechanism of extruded Mg-1.5 Zn-0.5 Gd and its correlation with the RE texture, and the results showed that CDRX contributed to the weakening of [10\(\overline{1}\)0] basal fiber texture and had a significant influence on the formation of [2\(\overline{1}\)0] basal fiber texture. The formation of the RE texture component was dominated by the preferred growth of recrystallized grains. [PERSON] et al. [72] suggested that the blocky long period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure formed in the Mg-8.3 Gd-3.6Y-1.6Y-0.5 Zr alloy could promote DRX through the particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) mechanism and contributed to the formation of the RE texture component. [PERSON] et al. [73] concluded that two texture components of the MDFed Mg-6.5 Gd-1.2Y-0.49 Zr alloy were observed in the (0001) pole figures, i.e., the double-peak basal texture contains basal texture components and non-basal texture components, with basal texture components mainly being derived from coarse-deformed grains and the non-basal texture components being mainly related to the RE texture, leading to more random textures, as shown in Figure 7. [PERSON] et al. [74] compared the effect of the addition of Ca or RE elements on the texture evolution of Mg-2 Zn alloys, and the result showed that a double-peak texture was obtained in the RE-containing alloys and exhibited a weakened texture intensity. In summary, the weakening of texture and the altering of the grain orientation in terms of changing alloy elements are mainly related to the promotion of DRX through the PSN mechanism and the activation of non-basal slip through the modification of the stacking fault energy of Mg matrix.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Material** & **Total Strain** & **Initial Texture** & **MDFed Texture** & **Ref.** \\ \hline Pure Mg & 1.2 & Extrusion basal (0001) texture & Random texture & [31] \\ \hline AZ80 & 5.6 & Basal (0001) texture with intensity & Random texture with intensity & [66] \\  & & of 27.2 MRD & of 2.8 MRD & \\ \hline AZ61 & 4.0 & Annealed texture & Relatively random texture & [67] \\ \hline ZK60 & 4.5 & \begin{tabular}{c} Extrusion basal (0002) texture with intensity of 6.5 MRD \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Radom texture with intensity \\ of 3.4 MRD \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} [68] \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline AZ91 & 4.2 & Cast texture & Relatively random texture & [69] \\ \hline Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr & 3.0 & Cast texture & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Relatively random texture \\ with intensity of 1.9 MRD \\ \end{tabular} & [34] \\ \hline Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr-Ag & 4.05 & Random texture &
\begin{tabular}{c} Increasing texture intensity \\ from 4.7 MRD to 11.8 MRD \\ \end{tabular} & [70] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: The effect of strain amplitudes on texture evolution of MDFed Mg alloys.