# 5G Mobile Phone Network Introduction in Colombia
## 7 5G Network Mobile Deployment in Colombia
### 5G Pilot Tests in Colombia
In addition, the MinTIC continues to make progress in 5G trials by granting permits to six companies to deploy 42 5G pilots test in Bogota, Medellin, Cali, Barranachermeja, and Toliu [63] by running the tests for mobile phone networks in the 3500-3600 MHz frequency range [64]. Regarding 5G pilot tests, the telephone operator Movistar was conducted a trial at the Central Military Hospital in Bogota to support ICU-COVID-19 patient care through videoconferencing equipment and rooms for medical remote consultations supported by a medical trolley and tele-triage. In this test, they achieved a latency of less than 10 milliseconds and offer a throughput of 1.62 Gbps downlink (DL) and 176 Mbps uplink (UL) with an outdoor node in the 3.5 GHz band, plus a 5G Core [65; 66]. Mobile operator Claro, in its private 5G network trial in the 3.5 GHz band at the Plaza Claro shopping centre in Bogota, achieved throughput of up to 864 Mbps in Download and 103 Mbps in Upload [67; 68; 69] using the 3X scenario of the model 3 GPP 5G Non-StandAlone [70]. In relation to the millimeter band, the company Claro in January 2018 carried out a demonstration in Colombia in the 28 GHz band reaching throughput of 10 Gbps and latencies of less than 1  
Figure 4: Number of stakeholders with respect to use cases [58]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Activity** & **Date** \\ \hline Opening of the call process & As of the issuance of this resolution \\ \hline Closing reception of applications & 29 May 2020 \\ \hline Evaluation of applications, frequency studies, & 1 to 12 June 2020 \\ and requests for clarification & 19 June 2020 \\ \hline Publication of the evaluation report on & 19 June 2020 \\ applications submitted & \\ \hline Issuance of resolutions to grant permission to & 23 to 30 June 2020 \\ use the radio spectrum for 5G technical tests & 23 to 30 June 2020 \\ \hline Publication of the assignment report & 1 July 2020 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Chronology of the 5G network pilot testing process in Colombia. millisecond within the controlled environment of a laboratory [71]. In July of the same year, the mobile operator Telefonica and Ericsson reached throughput between 27 and 31 Gbps with latencies of 5 ms in the 28 GHz band at Ericsson's facilities in Bogota [54; 72; 73]. In the case of the millimeter bands for Colombia, they are expected to be released for 5G use from 2027 (See Table 6), being valuable until the experiences of other countries in the Latin American region. For example, Ericsson's 5G network deployments, working in the 28 GHz mm-W band with beamforming functionalities in base station antennas, achieve coverage of 300-400 m\({}^{2}\) in urban areas and up to 2 km in rural areas in Puerto Rico. These speeds vary inversely with the distance to the base station, fluctuating by approximately between 50 Mbps (at 2 km from the base station) and 2 Gbps (at 50 metres from the base station with line of sight--LOS). Here, mobile terminals make use of Dynamic Spectrum Sharing [74] so that the millimetre band used interacts with other bands of lower frequency, but with better signal strength quality and lower latency, in order to guarantee better speed rates.