# Seismic Resilience in Critical Infrastructures: A Power Station Preparedness Case Study
## 1 Introduction
This proactive evaluation enables the implementation of optimal rehabilitation strategies to minimize damage. Such assessments are crucial, as the seismic resilience of urban transportation infrastructure plays a vital role in maintaining functionality in post-disaster scenarios. This study highlights the necessity for continuous updates in seismic risk evaluations and the retrofitting of existing structures to enhance urban infrastructure resilience effectively. In addition to structural elements, the seismic vulnerability of nonstructural components also demands attention. [PERSON] et al. (2023) [14] underscored the importance of monitoring nonstructural elements in buildings, utilizing accelerometric sensors to identify critical acceleration thresholds. This approach not only predicts potential damage to these elements during seismic events but also facilitates the prioritization of inspection and mitigation actions post-event. Such monitoring is crucial, as these components often constitute a significant portion of the building's capital value and play a vital role in ensuring occupant safety and building functionality during and after earthquakes. Extending these discussions, current research on seismic resilience provides methodologies for enhancing the robustness and resilience of critical infrastructure in the case of earthquake events [15]. For example, [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2014) [16] introduce a probabilistic framework for scenario-based resilience assessments, emphasizing the importance of preparedness and mitigation planning in the context of harbors. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. (2020) [17] presented an approach that integrated the assessment of risk and resilience, incorporating uncertainty and the time-dependency of the recovery process, demonstrating how retrofitting selective components can notably improve system resilience [17]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) offer insights into the life-cycle seismic resilience assessment of aging infrastructure, stressing the long-term impacts of seismic events and the benefits of infrastructure upgrades and retrofitting [18]. [PERSON] (2022) [19] highlighted the consideration of interconnected infrastructure systems for analyzing systemic vulnerabilities and resilience enhancement strategies. [PERSON] et al. (2024) [20] introduced the Risk-Informed Asset-Centric (RIACT) process, a novel methodology aimed at enhancing urban resilience against earthquakes, particularly assessing the preparedness and recovery capabilities of Portugal's municipalities. This approach utilizes GIS mapping to offer a comprehensive analysis of earthquake risks, highlighting the necessity for tailored resilience strategies across different regions. In this research, we focus on a comprehensive risk analysis for a gas power station located along the southern coastal region of Israel. The research aims to enhance the station's resilience to seismic activities. The proposed approach begins by thoroughly examining the station's geographical setting and structural design to identify seismic risks and potential threats, including earthquakes, ground amplification, slope stability issues, and soil liquefaction. We then advance to a detailed damage assessment and failure analysis, employing fragility curves to estimate the potential impact of seismic events while considering how different station components interact and depend on one another. Subsequently, our investigation explores various mitigation strategies, such as the anchoring of subcomponents, to enhance the station's seismic resilience. This phase includes a benefit-to-cost analysis (BCA) to confirm the economic feasibility of these strategies. The final phase of the research involves formulating actionable recommendations to improve the station's ability to withstand seismic events.