## 4 Results and Discussion
### Seasonal Correlations Between Air Pollutants and Meteorological Parameters  
The relationships between air pollutants (PM\({}_{10}\), NO, NO\({}_{2}\), and CO) and meteorological parameters (WS, temperature, RH, and RainF) were analyzed using the Spearman correlation matrix. The results, summarized in Table 4 and visualized in Figure 4, highlight significant seasonal variations influencing air pollutant concentrations. Additionally, Figure 5 provides detailed visualizations of seasonal variations in pollutant concentrations against meteorological parameters. WS consistently exhibited a negative correlation with PM\({}_{10}\), with the strongest impact observed during winter (r = \(-\)0.47) and fall (r = \(-\)0.41). These results highlight WS's role in dispersing particulate matter, especially during colder months when atmospheric stability often limits natural dispersion. Similarly, WS showed strong negative correlations with NO in fall (r = \(-\)0.58) and winter (r = \(-\)0.59), further emphasizing its critical role in pollutant dispersion under stable atmospheric conditions. Conversely, its influence on NO\({}_{2}\) and CO was minimal, reflecting these pollutants' lower sensitivity to dispersion dynamics. Temperature's effect on pollutants varied by season. In summer, a moderate positive correlation with PM\({}_{10}\) (r = 0.35) was observed, likely due to heightened emissions from industrial, agricultural, and vehicular activities during warmer months. In the fall, however, cooler temperatures led to moderate negative correlations with PM\({}_{10}\) (r = \(-\)0.23) and NO (r = \(-\)0.40), as lower energy demands and reduced photochemical activity suppressed these pollutants. For NO\({}_{2}\) and CO, temperature correlations remained weak and inconsistent across all seasons, suggesting a more complex or indirect relationship. RH exhibited dual effects depending on the season. In spring, RH negatively correlated with PM\({}_{10}\) (r = \(-\)0.46), likely due to enhanced wet deposition. However, in fall and winter, RH showed weak positive correlations with NO (r = 0.18 and r = 0.19, respectively), potentially promoting nitrogen oxide accumulation in colder, more humid conditions. These seasonal shifts underline RH's dual role in both pollutant removal and atmospheric chemical transformations. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Meteorological Parameters** & **Seasons** & **PM\({}_{10}\)** & **NO** & **NO\({}_{2}\)** & **CO** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{WS} & Spring & \(-\)0.35 & \(-\)0.25 & \(-\)0.14 & \(-\)0.28 \\  & Summer & \(-\)0.24 & \(-\)0.024 & \(-\)0.36 & \(-\)0.17 \\  & Fall & \(-\)0.41 & \(-\)0.58 & \(-\)0.45 & \(-\)0.34 \\  & Winter & \(-\)0.47 & \(-\)0.59 & \(-\)0.45 & \(-\)0.32 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Temperature (TEMP)} & Spring & 0.21 & \(-\)0.24 & \(-\)0.27 & \(-\)0.16 \\  & Summer & 0.35 & \(-\)0.33 & \(-\)0.07 & 0.054 \\  & Fall & \(-\)0.23 & \(-\)0.4 & \(-\)0.26 & \(-\)0.29 \\  & Winter & 0.14 & 0.12 & \(-\)0.13 & 0.12 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{RH} & Spring & \(-\)0.46 & \(-\)0.006 & \(-\)0.24 & 0.04 \\  & Summer & \(-\)0.058 & 0.036 & \(-\)0.048 & \(-\)0.007 \\  & Fall & 0.097 & 0.18 & \(-\)0.059 & 0.12 \\  & Winter & \(-\)0.093 & 0.19 & 0.044 & \(-\)0.009 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{RainF} & Spring & \(-\)0.46 & \(-\)0.05 & \(-\)0.14 & 0.045 \\  & Summer & \(-\)0.25 & 0.2 & 0.093 & \(-\)0.054 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Fall & \(-\)0.39 & \(-\)0.18 & \(-\)0.24 & \(-\)0.051 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Winter & \(-\)0.48 & \(-\)0.18 & \(-\)0.13 & \(-\)0.11 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Seasonal Spearman correlation coefficients (r) between air pollutants and meteorological parameters (2021–2023). Figure 4: Seasonal correlation matrix between air pollutants and meteorological parameters ((a): spring, (b): summer, (c): fall, (d): winter). Figure 5: Seasonal variation of pollutant concentrations against meteorological parameters. Colors represent the pollutants: dark red (PM\({}_{10}\)), navy blue (NO), dark goldenrod (NO\({}_{2}\)), and forest green (CO).