# Technological Aspects and Potential Cutaneous Application of Wine Industry By-Products
## 4 Delivery Systems Based on Bioactive from Wine By-Products  
Advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of innovative and safer nanoparticles that do not use toxic chemicals in their synthesis, further supporting the development of the bioeconomy based on winemaking residues. Table 4 exhibits a compilation of studies on the application of technologies with phenolic metabolites recovered from winemaking, showing that these systems can contribute to the antioxidant efficacy of promising products applied in the prevention of various health problems [23,36,65,66,67,68,69,70,74]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Cultivar** & **By-Product** & **Technique** & **Compound** & **References** \\ \hline Red Merlot grape & Seeds & GD, SLE, CT & Polyphenols (catechins) & [36] \\ \hline Red Cannonau grape & Grape Pomace & SLE, MacE, CT, & Polyphenols & [69] \\ \hline Non mentioned & Grape pomace & GD, SLE, HT, FT & Polyphenols (tannins) & [70] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline  & Conventional Technologies: centrifuged (CT), filtering (FT), grinding (GD), heating (HT), Maccation Extraction (MacE), solid–liquid extraction (SLE), Soxle Extraction (SoxE), stirring (ST). Non-Conventional Technologies: Centrifugal Force (CF), Counter-Current Diffusion (CCD), Diananofiltration (DNF), Enzyme-Assisted Extractions (EAE), High Voltage Atmospheric Cold Plasma (HVACP), Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion (MSPD), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MTG), Pressurized Hot Water Extraction and Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (PHWE- NADES), Resin Adsorption (RA) Supercritical Fluid Extraction-CO\({}_{2}\) co-solvent (SFE CO\({}_{2}\) + CS), Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Natural Eutectic Solvent Extraction (US-NADES), Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), and XAD-7 HP Macroporous Resin (MR-XAD-7 HP).  
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Carriers** & **Winery Waste** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Encapsulation or** \\ **Nanoparticle** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Mean** \\ **Diameter** \\ **(nm)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Recovery or** \\ **Encapsulation** \\ **Efficiency (\%)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Compound (s)** & **Application (s)** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Liposomes} & Grape pomace cv. & An aqueous dispersion & & & & & & \\  & Graciano & containing extract and & & & & & & & \\  & extract & phospholipid lipid \#5\% & & & & & & & \\  & & was sonicated & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Liposomes} & & Lipoid\# S100, lipid, vitamin E, & & & & & & & \\  & and Tween \#0\% & observed & & & & & & \\  & & in ethanol far aqueous & & & & & & \\  & Merlot & & & & & & & & \\  & extract & and polysorbate \# 8 was added, & & & & & & \\  & & followed by agitation, & & & & & & \\  & & evaporation, and & & & & & & \\  & & membrane filtration & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Micromiculusions} & Grape pomace cv. & Isopropyl-nyristate, Spau® 20, & & & & & & \\  & Muset of Hamburg & and Tween\# 80 were mixed, & & & & & & \\  & extract & the extract was added, and & & & & & & \\  & extract & after starting & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Nanocrystals} & & The cellulose isolated was & & & & & & \\  & Grape pomace & sedless cv. & & & & & & \\  & & washed with sulfate acid, & & & & & \\  & Grape pomace & sedless cv. & & & & & & \\  & & washed with water until & & & & & \\  & P. Noi extract & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & & \\  & & & & & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Carrier systems of/for bioactive(s) of the grape pomace (V. vinifera) from vinification for health promotion. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  
The encapsulation technology of active compounds with polymeric materials on a micrometer scale ensured the stability of the material. Infusions of dried _V.