# Exploring the Impact of Thermal Environment on Student Well-Being in Sustainable Campus Settings
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Analysis in the Summer Season  
#### 3.2.1 Influence of Abaya Color Variations on Psychological Factors During Summer Season  
The primary focus of the research encompassed an investigation into the impact of distinct abaya colors (black, white, light brown) on various psychological factors such as body fatigue, eye fatigue, body heat, skin dryness, thermal discomfort, desire to escape, site unattractiveness and unproductivity. Upon analyzing the rank scores of psychological factors in relation to the variable of abaya color in Figure 8, certain trends become evident. For body fatigue, wearers of white abayas displayed the highest mean rank of 16.06, while those in light brown abayas showed the lowest at 12.56. Similarly, in the case of eye fatigue, individuals in black abayas recorded the highest rank at 17.22, whereas white abaya wearers had the lowest at 11.39. Thermal discomfort also showed significant rank differences, with wearers of white abayas registering the highest mean rank of 17.39 and those in light brown the least at 11.83. Meanwhile, for site unattractiveness, the rankings were closely bunched, but individuals in light brown abayas had a slightly higher rank at 15.06 compared to those in black at 12.39. In terms of unproductivity, white abaya wearers again had the highest mean rank at 16.44, contrasting sharply with those in light brown at 10.22. These findings suggest that the color of abaya might influence individuals' psychological perceptions and  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Factors** & **Cronbach’s Alpha (CA)** & **Composite Reliability (CR)** & **Average Variance Extracted** \\ \hline Psychological Perceptions in Summer & 0.856 & 0.814 & 0.404 \\ Psychological Perceptions in Spring & 0.939 & 0.950 & 0.705 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Reliability test results for psychological perceptions in the summer and spring.  
well-being, with white abayas often associated with higher levels of discomfort or fatigue, whereas light brown abayas seemed to be linked with lower levels of unproductivity.  
Considering the overall data and focusing on minimizing negative psychological factors, the light brown abaya color appears to be the most advantageous choice. It consistently ranks lower in key discomfort areas like body fatigue, thermal discomfort, and unproductivity. However, it is essential to note that the actual experience might be influenced by various external factors not captured in this analysis. Thus, while the light brown abaya seems promising based on the data, individual preferences and experiences will still play a vital role in determining the best color choice.  
The Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to investigate differences in various psychological factors concerning abaya color. The test results show that for all the assessed psychological factors, including body fatigue (H(2) = 1.044, \(p\) = 0.593), eye fatigue (H(2) = 2.753, \(p\) = 0.253), body heat (H(2) = 0.382, \(p\) = 0.826), skin dryness (H(2) = 0.720, \(p\) = 0.698), thermal discomfort (H(2) = 2.661, \(p\) = 0.264), desire to escape (H(2) = 1.598, \(p\) = 0.450), site unattractiveness (H(2) = 0.611, \(p\) = 0.737), and unproductivity (H(2) = 3.325, \(p\) = 0.190), there were no statistically significant differences across the three abaya colors. The p-values for all these factors exceeded the conventional significance level of 0.05. This suggests that the abaya color does not have a statistically significant impact on these psychological factors, as per the data analyzed. Consequently, derived from this analysis, it becomes apparent that the abaya colors exert a minimal effect on the psychological perceptions of the students during the summer season. Therefore, null hypothesis 1 remains partially valid.