## 4 Case Study: UBC's BRDF Expansion Project  
### Understanding the Project Background and Current Status  
The Bioenergy Research Demonstration Facility (BRDF) is a significant renewable energy generation facility situated within the University of British Columbia's Vancouver campus. Operating since its completion in March 2012, the BRDF utilizes renewable biomass from wood waste to produce thermal energy for heating various campus buildings. This sustainable approach aligns with the university's commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a 14% decrease compared with 2007 levels [49]. The BRDF's current system includes a gasification unit generating six megawatts (MW) of thermal energy per hour, satisfying 25% of the campus' heating and hot water demands. Addition \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline
**Data Type** & **Data Collection** & **RA1** & **RA2** & **RA3** & **RA4** & **RA5** & **RA6** & **RA7** \\ \hline DC1 & Qualitative & Literature review & x & x & & & x & & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{DC2} & \multirow{6}{*}{Qualitative/Quantitative} & Project document review: & & & & & & & \\  & & Specifications & & x & & & x & & \\  & & Tender documents & x & x & & x & & & \\  & & As-built drawings & x & & & & & & \\  & & Design drawings & x & & & & & & \\  & & O&M manuals & x & & & & x & \\  & & RFIs & & & & & x & & \\  & & Site instructions & & & & & x & x & \\  & & Submittals & & & & & & x & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{DC3} & \multirow{6}{*}{Qualitative} & Surveys and Interviews: & & & & & & & & \\  & & Owner (PM) & x & x & x & x & x & x & x \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Design team & x & x & x & x & x & x & x \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Construction team & x & x & x & x & x & x & x \\ \cline{1-1}  & & FM team & x & x & x & x & x & x \\ \cline{1-1}  & & VR service provider & & & x & x & & & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{DC4} & \multirow{6}{*}{Qualitative} & Communications: & & & & & & & \\  & & Emails & & x & x & x & x & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Meeting minutes & & x & x & x & x & x \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Reports & & x & x & x & x & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{DC5} & \multirow{6}{*}{Qualitative/Quantitative} & BIM Data: & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Models & & & & x & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Point cloud data & & & x & x & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & 4D simulation & & & & x & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Data collection per research activity. ally, the facility houses a cogeneration engine that currently produces 2 MW of electrical energy, meeting over 5% of the campus' electricity needs, along with an extra 2.4 MW of thermal energy derived from heat recovery processes. The incorporation of innovative technologies, such as Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panel construction, showcases the facility's commitment to sustainability. The expansion project of the BRDF, initiated in early 2018, aims to further enhance its capacity by adding a 12 MW hot water boiler system. This expansion is a strategic move to achieve UBC's Climate Action target of significantly reducing campus greenhouse gas emissions by 67% below 2007 levels. The augmented system should be capable of providing 100% of the campus's heating and hot water requirements for the majority of the year. The expansion project began construction in September 2019. It encompasses various elements, including the installation of a 12 MW hot water boiler, a fuel delivery infrastructure, and an expanded fuel storage bunker. Moreover, the expansion initiative involves the creation of a Biorefining Research and Innovation Center (BRIC) and a High Head Lab (HHL) within the facility. The project's execution was divided into two distinct phases, represented by six different work packages, which were tendered in August 2019. Each work package addressed specific aspects of the expansion, from demolition engineering to control room modification. The BRDF expansion project was delivered under a mix of traditional Design-Bid-Build (DBB) and Design-Build (DB) contract models depending on the nature of each work package.