## Results
### Complications
Remarkably, fewer complications occurred than statistically expected when the plates were removed during the advised timeframe. This correlation was statistically significant as shown by [PERSON]'s Chi-square test (\(\chi^{2}(50)=86.837\), \(p=0.009\), Cramer's-V= 0.171) but should be taken with caution as \(\chi^{2}\) and the degree of freedom are elevated. An increased sample size is required for significance. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Subcategory** & **Case (n(\%))** \\ \hline Complications after osteosynthesis & Hypethesia & 34 (42.0) \\  & Wound deficiency & 19 (23.5) \\  & Postoperative hemorrhage & 41 (13.6) \\  & Double vision & 10 (12.3) \\  & Infection & 7 (8.6) \\  & Total & 81 (100) \\ \hline Complications after plate removal & Postoperative hemorrhage & 13 (56.5) \\  & Hypethesia & 5 (21.7) \\  & Intraoperative hemorrhage & 5 (21.7) \\  & Total & 23 (100) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Complications after osteosynthesis. Complications not listed in this table occurred less frequently at osteeosythesis (<4%) or plate removal (<3%) and were not included in the statistical tests of this study. Totals of the percentages may not be exactly 100% because of rounding. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Subcategory** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Complication after Osteosynthesis**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **No (n(\%))** & **Yes (n(\%))** \\ \hline Gender & Male & 111 (69.8) & 58 (78.4) \\  & Female & 44 (30.2) & 16 (21.6) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)=1.860\), \(p=0.173\), \(\phi=-0.89\) & & \\ \hline Age group & \(<\)19 & 12 (7.5) & 7 (9.5) \\  & 20–29 & 34 (21.4) & 22 (29.7) \\  & 30–39 & 30 (18.9) & 19 (25.7) \\  & 40–49 & 28 (17.6) & 13 (17.6) \\  & 50–59 & 32 (20.1) & 7 (9.5) \\  & 60–69 & 10 (6.3) & 3 (4.1) \\  & \(>\)70 & 13 (8.2) & 3 (4.1) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(6)=7.937\), \(p=0.243\), _Cramer’s V_ = 0.185 & & \\ \hline Nicotine abuse & Applicable & 61 (38.4) & 33 (44.6) \\  & Not applicable & 98 (61.6) & 41 (55.4) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)=0.814\), \(p=0.367\), \(\phi=0.059\) & & \\ \hline Alcohol abuse & Applicable & 10 (6.3) & 5 (6.8) \\  & Not applicable & 149 (93.7) & 69 (93.2) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)=0.018\), \(p=0.892\), \(\phi=0.009\) & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Complications after osteosynthesis in correlation to gender, age group, and nicotine and alcohol abuse. All results were calculated by the [PERSON]’s Chi-square test. The calculation of the correlation of the age group had more degrees of freedom. The result of this Chi-square test might not be as powerful as the other results. Totals of the percentages may not be exactly 100% because of rounding. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Subcategory**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Complication after Plate Removal**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **No (n(\%))** & **Yes (n(\%))** \\ \hline Gender & Male & 146 (72,3) & 23 (74.2) \\  & Female & 56 (27.7) & 8 (25.8) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)=0.050\), \(p=0.824\), \(\phi=-0.015\) & & \\ \hline Age group & \textless{}19 & 17 (8.4) & 2 (6.5) \\  & 20–29 & 50 (24.8) & 6 (19.4) \\  & 30–39 & 38 (18.8) & 11 (35.5) \\  & 40–49 & 35 (17.3) & 6 (19.4) \\  & 50–59 & 36 (17.8) & 3 (9.7) \\  & 60–69 & 11 (5.4) & 2 (6.5) \\  & 70 & 15 (7.4) & 1 (3.2) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(6)=5.872\), \(p=0.438\), _Craner’s V = 0.159_ & & \\ \hline Nicotine abuse & Applicable & 82 (40.6) & 12 (38.7) \\  & Not applicable & 120 (59.4) & 19 (61.3) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)=0.040\), \(p=0.842\), \(\phi=-0.013\) & & \\ \hline Alcohol abuse & Applicable & 13 (6.4) & 2 (6.5) \\  & Not applicable & 189 (93.6) & 29 (93.5) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(1)<0.001\), \(p=0.997\), \(\phi<0.001\) & & \\ \hline Surgical approach & Extraoral only & 102 (50.5) & 14 (45.2) \\  & Intraoral only & 50 (24.8) & 9 (29.0) \\  & Combined & 50 (24.8) & 8 (25.8) \\  & \(\chi^{2}(2)=0.360\), \(p=0.835\), _Craner’s V = 0.039_ & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}