## 5 Summary and Conclusions  
Due to numerous limitations associated with the process of building the VID model, it should not be expected that the velocities determined using seismic methods are free from errors. Therefore, they should be approached with limited confidence. Consequently, it is difficult to claim that the obtained values are true physical parameters, especially when there is no possibility of verification using high-quality well data. However, by using modern and advanced inversion methods (such as SJI) supported by MVA and considering velocity changes in the LVL, it is possible to construct a correct and realistic distribution of rock velocities. It should be noted that both validation procedures used for the VID models, namely SJI and MVA, like any inversion procedure, are inherently ambiguous and heavily depend on the initial model. The obtained results prove that modeling procedures (i.e., SJI) may cause fewer errors in comparison to standard algorithms. This is particularly relevant in the case of complex geological media and limited well information. In such cases, parametric modeling takes into account the three-dimensional variability of the geological medium during the construction of the initial velocity model. As a result, more accurate estimates of horizontal and vertical velocity changes in the medium, are obtained. Furthermore, the presented methodology eliminates the problem of misalignment between 2D profiles resulting from separate, traditionally applied analyses. In such a situation, similar to the time-to-depth conversion process, using the PreSDM procedure allowed us to obtain a solution that was validated by independent geophysical data. Nevertheless, the final decision regarding its correctness always depends on the person performing the geological interpretation. The presented methodology does not negate typical seismic reflection processing steps as they are still methodologically correct. However, this analysis should be regarded as a procedure for preparing a proper starting velocity field for the first iteration of MVA. Validated VID models using the SJI inversion procedure undoubtedly constitute a valid component introduced into the scheme of depth seismic imaging. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that despite the presented advantages and disadvantages of the described methodology, an example of a PreSDM result presented in Figure 13, demonstrates that a single iteration of the VID velocity field validation procedure provides accurate outcomes. As referenced in the article, the comparison with archival seismic data shows an improvement in reflection imaging. Furthermore, enhancement in seismic reflection continuity can be expected through additional iterations using the MVA procedure. It should be emphasized that only a simple processing of seismic cross-sections was performed. As shown in this seismic section, it is feasible to perform an improved structural interpretation of the Carpathian thrust zone. Even in this theoretically preliminary version of PreSDM, the reservoir zones of Raczyna are fully interpretable. Particularly significant for structural interpretation are the well-reconstructed reflectors below the thrust boundary. The fact that achieving this result is not possible with standard procedures, the initial MVA iteration presents the validity of the presented methodology and its favorable results. Furthermore, it can be inferred that if additional geophysical data are available, they should be integrated into the seismic data analysis procedure, even as reference data. Conceptualization, T.M. and A.C.; methodology P.H. and A.C.; validation, K.P., M.M. and A.C.; formal analysis, A.C., P.H. and M.M. ; data curation, A.C., M.M. and M.S. ; writing--original draft preparation, A.C. and M.M., writing--review and editing, A.C., M.S. and A.M.W.-P.; visualization, A.C. and A.M.W.-P.; supervision, T.M. and M.S. ; project administration, A.M.W.-P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by project No.