## 3 Results
### Pathway Enrichment for Candidate Genes  
Furthermore, we conducted an enrichment analysis using the KEGG pathway database [45] to identify the significantly enriched biological pathways associated with our gene set. The analysis revealed several KEGG pathways. Interestingly, the pathway of neurodegeneration (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.00851) emerged as a highly enriched pathway, suggesting its relevance to our study. Additionally, specific neurodegenerative diseases, such as [PERSON]'s disease (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.01291) and [PERSON]'s disease (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.03177), were identified as enriched pathways, indicating their potential involvement in our gene set. Additionally, mitophagy (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.03177), shigellosis (which is also known as shigella infection and is caused by the invasion of the epithelium lining the terminal ileum, colon, and rectum by shigella species [46]) (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.03177), and Salmonella infection (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.03177) exhibited significant enrichment, implying their association with cellular processes, infection, and neurodegeneration. The Synaptic vesicle cycle (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.04044), taurine and hypotaurine metabolism (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.04984), GABAergic synapse (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.04984), and morphine addiction (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.04984) pathways also demonstrated enrichment, suggesting their potential involvement in neuronal function and addiction-related processes. Figure 4 shows a bar plot of these KEGG pathways.  
In addition, we conducted an enrichment analysis using the Reactome pathway database [47]. The 'MHC Class II Antigen Presentation' pathway (R-HSA-2132295) showed the highest enrichment (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.00318), indicating the involvement of our genes in immune responses and antigen presentation. Significant enrichment was also observed in the following pathways: 'Cellular Responses To Stimuli' (R-HSA-8953897), 'Organelle Biogenesis And Maintenance' (R-HSA-1852241), and 'Golgi-to-ER Retrograde Transport' (R-HSA-8856688) (an adjusted \(p\)-value of 0.01448). These findings highlight the importance of our genes in cellular responses to external molecular and physical signals, the biogenesis of subcellular structures, and intracellular transport. Furthermore, the 'Metabolism' (R-HSA-1430728) and 'Cellular Responses To Stress' (R-HSA-2262752) pathways exhibited significant enrichment (adjusted \(p\)-values of 0.0216 and 0.02234, respectively), suggesting their involvement in cellular metabolic processes and their ability to modulate molecular processes in response to external and internal stresses.  
Furthermore, the Mitochondrial Biogenesis' (R-HSA-1592230) and 'Metabolism Of RNA' (R-HSA-8953854) pathways showed significant enrichment (adjusted \(p\)-values of 0.02699 and 0.02713, respectively), suggesting their roles in mitochondrial processes and processes involved in the modification of RNA transcription products. Significant enrichment was also observed in the following pathways: 'Membrane Trafficking' (R-HSA-199991), 'Metabolism of Carbohydrates' (R-HSA-71387), and 'Signaling By WNT' (R-HSA-195721), with adjusted \(p\)-values of 0.03311, 0.03384, and 0.03777, respectively. Additionally, the 'Selective Autophagy' (R-HSA-9663891), 'Vesicle-mediated Transport' (R-HSA-5653656), 'Transmission Across Chemical Synapses' (R-HSA-112315), 'Intra-Golgi And Retrograde Golgi-to-ER Traffic' (R-HSA-6811442),'mRNA Splicing-Major Pathway' (R-HSA-72163), and 'POLB-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair' (R-HSA-110362) pathways exhibited significant enrichment (adjusted \(p\)-values of 0.03778, 0.03955, 0.04793, 0.04793, 0.04793, and 0.04901, respectively). A list of enriched Reactome pathways is shown in Figure 5. Supplementary Table S5 provides comprehensive information on enriched GO terms and pathways.