## 1 Introduction
These methods are limited when they are used to monitor high-risk structures because physical contact is required with the monitored structures. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been gradually used in building deformation monitoring because of its noncontact, high monitoring accuracy (centimeter-to-millimeter level), and high spatial resolution. [PERSON] et al. [18] adopted InSAR to monitor the deformation of Bohai Building in Tianjin, China using TerraSAR-X images. The InSAR-derived deformation was verified by leveling at an accuracy at the millimeter level. [PERSON] et al. [19] used a Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) to measure the deformation of urban high-rise buildings and analyzed the temporal-spatial characteristics of building deformation combined with a Google Earth 3D model. InSAR can overcome the drawbacks of conventional monitoring methods (i.e., invasiveness, high cost, and low spatial resolution) and can retrieve the overall structural characteristics. However, this technique cannot be used for dynamic deformation monitoring of structures with high accuracy [20; 21] because of the limitations related to its satellite platform (e.g., low revisiting time, geometrical distortion, and atmospheric delay) [22; 23]. Ground-based interferometric radar technique has been proposed [24; 25; 26] to overcome the shortcomings of satellite-based InSAR. This technique can achieve real-time acquisition rates of 200 Hz and can perform high-resolution structural monitoring that reaches less than 1 m [27; 28; 29]. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. [30] proposed a high-speed CW step-frequency coherent radar that is portable and can be rapidly installed and operated. Ground-based interferometric radar can simultaneously obtain the responses over numerous points, and the radar sensor can be installed by selecting the most favorable orientation for the monitored structure on the basis of monitoring requirement [31]. The significant superiorities of ground-based interferometric radar are related to high-accuracy measurements, limited influence of atmospheric delay on measurement performance, and noninvasive monitoring [32]. This technique has been extensively used in building safety monitoring and analysis since its proposal. [PERSON] et al. [33] monitored the vibration of buildings (e.g., the Collserola Tower of Barcelona and multistory high-rise residential buildings) using a ground-based real aperture radar (GB-RAR) interferometer. Their results showed that the deformations ranging from micrometers to centimeters can be derived using GB-RAR under good monitoring conditions. [PERSON] et al. [34] adopted GB-RAR to acquire the modal shapes of the Leaning Tower of Pisa vibrations and identify its resonance frequency under the effect of natural excitation. [PERSON] [35] used a ground-based microwave interferometer to measure the dynamic response of the cables of two different cable-stayed bridges, and the results were validated by a piezoelectric accelerometer, demonstrating a good consistency. [PERSON] et al. [36] combined GB-RAR, ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR), and satellite-based InSAR. The proposed method enabled the estimation of the dynamic characteristics of buildings and deformation monitoring over the surrounding areas at different spatial and temporal scales. [PERSON] et al. [37] discussed the performance of GB-RAR on the structural monitoring of ancient masonry towers. This technique was tested on the Saint Prospero bell tower in Northern Italy, and the results showed a high consistency with an accelerometer-based acquisition system. Previous studies have focused on many different types of buildings, but few studies have concentrated on super high-rise buildings, especially those more than 400 m in height. Therefore, this study proposed a method based on GB-RAR for the monitoring and analysis of dynamic characteristics of super high-rise buildings. In this study, we used the Wuhan Greenland Center (WGC) which is under construction with a 636 m designed height as the research object.