## 3 Results
The results of the destructive tests on the model III, IV, and V connecting bolt nodes (Table 2) showed that the experimentally determined capacities of these nodes (the limits of their \"flow\") are not less than their design capacities according to the standard [34]. According to this standard, the maximum values of \(F\) were determined for the load tests on these models. In the model IV and V connection nodes (at 1:2 and 1:2.5 scales, respectively), it was possible to measure the linear displacements of their element angles during the destructive tests. The measurements from these tests show changes in the courses of the F and F\({}_{1}\) values, deformations in strain gauges P1 and P2, and vertical linear displacements in the element angles of these models, indicating the limits/beginnings of their \"floating\". These changes can be seen in the increments in the values of the quantities shown in Table 2 (in cells marked with colors in the case of model III), indicating the averaged values of the experimental load capacities of models IV and V are equal to 85 kN and 65 kN, respectively (see Figure 12). When these values are converted according to the force scales of these models, k\({}_{\rm F}\) = 4.0 and k\({}_{\rm F}\) = 6.25, we obtain values of 340 kN and 406 kN, respectively, which are the destructive forces of the real bolted connection nodes. The measured values of the tensile F\({}_{1}\) forces in the bolts are exemplified in Tables 1 and 2. The tensile F\({}_{1}\) force values in the bolts, relative deformations, and linear displacements in the plate angles of the tested models were the basis for the experimental verification of the numerical computational models. These models were subsequently used  
Figure 12: Example waveforms of the force F\({}_{1}\) values, bolt tension in the next group in model I, and the force F\({}_{n}\) load on this model, determined based on readings recorded from the corresponding measurement points (Figure 8) in the destructive test of this model. in numerical analyses of the load capacity of the bolted friction connection nodes in the main parts of the load-bearing structures of the light cranes. The models demonstrated the following: 1. A range of +20% for the differences between the measured and calculated values was adopted as a criterion for the positive verification of these numerical calculation models. This accounts for an adequate accuracy of +10% in the representative geometry, the mechanical strength parameters, and the load conditions of the real screw friction joints and the connecting nodes containing them. This defines the maximum deviations in the calculated values as no more significant than +10% deviations of those values measured in the tests, which is considered acceptable. The test values were converted according to the relevant k\({}_{\rm I}\) of k\({}_{\rm F}\) scales into values comparable to the calculated ones. 2. To reduce the impact of the scale effect on the verifications in question, weights were assigned to groups of physical model test results, mainly depending on their scaling. The greatest weights were assigned to the results for models tested on a 1:1 scale. In contrast, the test results for the other physical models were assigned smaller weights, proportional to fractions that were the inverse of the values of the scaled-down models.