## 6 Limitations  
One limitation of this study is its relatively small sample size, with only 100 vehicles observed at each of the two roundabouts (n = 200). Such a limited dataset reduces the ability to generalize the findings to broader traffic patterns across Qatar. Future research should expand observations to multiple roundabouts across various regions and increase the sample size. A larger and more diverse dataset would help capture a wider range of driving behaviors and provide more reliable conclusions. Another limitation is the exclusion of key contextual factors such as time of day, traffic density, and driver characteristics (e.g., age, gender). Without accounting for these variables, it is difficult to determine how external conditions influence driver behavior. Future studies should include these elements to identify behavioral patterns under different traffic conditions and across demographic groups. This would lead to a more comprehensive understanding of driving behavior in roundabouts. Additionally, the study attributes lane-changing behavior in signalized roundabouts to congestion but does not directly measure traffic density, queue lengths, or waiting times. Without empirical data on these indicators, the causal link between congestion and lane changes remains speculative. Future research should collect quantitative traffic data, such as vehicle counts and average waiting times, to establish clearer relationships between congestion and driving behavior.  
The study also suggests that driver awareness and road design may explain the lack of significant results in correct lane usage during entry (\(p\) = 0.321), but these factors were not directly assessed. While conducting driver surveys or road design audits would help validate these hypotheses, arranging such surveys can be challenging. Survey distribution and participant recruitment may require coordination with transportation authorities and could face low response rates from drivers. Despite these difficulties, future studies should attempt to collect such data, as it would provide valuable insight into the role of driver knowledge and infrastructure design on lane discipline. Furthermore, although the selected roundabouts had little to no pedestrian activity, the study's focus on only three driving behaviors overlooks other important influences, such as pedestrian interactions and weather conditions. Even with minimal pedestrian presence, these factors can still affect driving patterns, particularly in roundabouts with mixed-use traffic or during adverse weather conditions. Future research should broaden its scope by including these variables to develop a more complete picture of roundabout dynamics. Lastly, the study relied on manual observations, which are prone to human error and subjective interpretation. Although automated methods, such as video analytics or GPS-based tracking, could enhance accuracy, using such technologies presents challenges. In Qatar, deploying video surveillance or tracking devices for research requires government approval, which can be a lengthy and complex process due to privacy regulations. Despite these obstacles, pursuing automated data collection methods would ultimately improve accuracy and enable larger-scale studies, making the effort worthwhile for future research.