## 2 Methodology
### Experiment and Questionnaire Design  
The experiment in this study was used to establish a method for capturing and analyzing data on the various types of eye-tracking indicators, collected when subjects observed pictures in a VR environment. The goal was to explore their visual cognitive preferences with regards to the existing cultural translation scheme of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, and subsequently analyze the visual saliency of different elements such as images, words, and symbols in this type of space, in conjunction with the design and layout of the guidance system used in the Taizicheng railway station. The process was divided into four parts. 2.1 Experiment 1: Exploring the Visual Cognitive Preferences Related to the Existing Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-Speed Railway Culture Transcreation Scheme  
Five representative pictures of Beijing-Zhangjiakou culture were selected from the established Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway culture database for use as experiment materials. The pictures were uniformly processed as grayscale pictures to avoid the visual interference produced by color factors [48]. According to the existing Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway cultural translation scheme, the symbols corresponding to each representative picture were translated into five types of symbols: (1) the current style of \"line and surface combination\", and the deformation styles of (2) \"surface\", (3) \"outlines\", (4) \"lines\", and (5) \"errors\" (see Table 2). The symbols were randomly sorted, numbered from \"A\" to \"E\", and set to the corresponding AOI. Fifteen seconds after observing the pictures, subjects were asked to select the symbol they thought corresponded most accurately to the above image, according to the textual prompt (see Figure 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Eye-Tracking Category** & **Eye-Tracking Index** & **Abbreviation** & **Interpretation of Eye-Tracking Index** \\ \hline Fixation count & FC & Total number of focus points. \\ \hline Total fixation duration & TFD & \begin{tabular}{c} Sum of the duration of each fixation point in the region. The higher the number, the less efficient the search. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline AOI fixation count & AOI FC & \begin{tabular}{c} The number of fixation points in the region. The higher the number, the more important or cognitively difficult the area is for the subject. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Fixation & Total AOI fixation duration & AOI TFD & \begin{tabular}{c} The total duration of fixation on the region. The longer the duration, the more time the subject has allocated attention to that area, possibly demonstrating greater interest or a higher cognitive load. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Time to first AOI fixation & AOI FF & \begin{tabular}{c} Duration of the first fixation in the region. The shorter the duration, the easier it is to obtain the perceived information and assess how substantially a particular feature attracts attention. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Means of AOI fixation & AOI MFD & \
\begin{tabular}{c} The average of the gaze time at each fixation point in the region. The longer the time, the more attention-grabbing the target or more difficult it is to extract information. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Saccade & Saccadic count & SC &
\begin{tabular}{c} The jump distance from one fixation point to another. The greater the distance, the longer the search process. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Categories and Interpretations of Eye-Tracking Indexes. 2.2 Experiment 2: Exploring the Visual Saliency of Three Types of Spaces inside and outside the Taizicheng Railway Station  
Taking the Taizicheng railway station as the base case, we completed 3D modeling of three scenes inside and outside the station, and set numbers from \"1\" to \"5\" on the ground, top, front, left, and right elevations, respectively, in each scene, according to the different positions of the interface. We then generated a panoramic of each scene.