# A Novel Cryptography-Based Architecture for Secure Data Asset Sharing and Circulation Systems
## 2 Related Works  
In recent years, data asset protection technology has attracted the attention of a large number of scientific research institutions and enterprises. Researchers have carried out relevant research and made some progress in the confirmation of data assets, outsourcing storage, operation trusted management and security return. Regarding the aspect of confirming the right of data assets, the access control and authentication method based on attributes is mainly used to solve the problems of unclear boundary of ownership, authority management lacking in detail and difficult-to-trace operation behavior in the process of data asset circulation in uncontrolled environments. The Technical Committee on Network Security of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute has developed an attribute-based access control scheme [4]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a novel framework that combines federated learning and blockchain by Shapley value (FLBS) to achieve a good trade-off between privacy and fairness [5]. Regarding the aspect of data asset security outsourcing storage, aiming at the risk of leakage, tampering and damage of data asset outsourcing cloud storage processes in uncontrolled environments, the data storage method of an encryption model and the cleaning and weight removal method oriented to data characteristics are mainly adopted. Large foreign companies such as IBM use data security storage systems based on encryption models [6]. In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to provide high confidentiality protection for users' outsourced data in a cloud storage environment, [PERSON] et al. proposed a scheme of hierarchical encryption and de-gravity of data from the point of view of data confidentiality itself [7]. This scheme realizes the hierarchical encryption of data without introducing any third party and does not need online assistance of users, but the efficiency and security and reliability of data outsourcing encryption storage still need to be improved. Regarding the aspect of trusted management of data asset operation, aiming at the requirements of compliance judgment, traceability and audit of data operation, the compliance judgment method based on blockchain is mainly adopted. [PERSON] et al. [8] summarized the existing Ethereum smart contract security audit methods and compare several mainstream audit tools from various perspectives. [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed a blockchain-based dynamic data auditing scheme with strong timeliness to ensure that data stored in outsourcing storage systems remain intact, but the fragmentation identification ability of data assets and the fineness of secure operation management still need to be improved. Regarding the aspect of data asset security return, for cross-border, cross-domain data transmission that can be easily monitored, blocked, intercepted and traced back to the source and other security threats, the main methods are covert communication and the use of public networks for information-hiding transmission [10; 11]. Some scholars have carried out research into the aspects of information-hiding capacity measurement, anti-file lossy processing information hiding schemes, single-layer encryption and single-hop forwarding, multi-layer encryption and multi-hop forwarding channel construction, and so on [12; 13], and have realized the construction of high-rate and high-security hidden channels, but the deployment complexity and flexibility of the hidden channel construction method still need to be improved. Generally speaking, data asset protection in the current uncontrolled environment lacks an overall solution, which is mainly aimed at a link in the process of the secure circulation of highly sensitive and high-value data assets, and cannot protect the whole life cycle of data asset circulation.