# Secure Data of Industrial Internet of Things in a Cement Factory Based on a Blockchain Technology
## 8 Conclusions  
In our work, we have proposed a decentralized, scalable, lightweight, low power, trusted security architecture for a cement factory as an industrial application area based on blockchain technology. We successfully integrated blockchain technology with IoT devices in an industrial environment.  
Our proposed system carries out user and device registration using a private blockchain. Then, all transmitted data are stored as transactions in blocks while sending a copy of all transactions to the lightweight nodes to provide a backup of these transactions for use in case of a single node crash, which ensures the stability of operation for the machines through a P2P connection. Our proposed architecture is shown to be efficient, as it had reduced computational complexity and achieved the lowest execution time (1.1236 s) and lowest energy consumption (209.915 mW) compared to other schemes. It also offers enhanced security for an industrial environment through the use of an asymmetric cryptography algorithm. Furthermore, due to the use of a private blockchain, our architecture provides resistance to most kinds of common cybersecurity attacks on IoT networks of devices, such as Sybil, 51%, tampering, impersonation, replay, repudiation, DoS, and distributed DoS. All of this achieved through the decentralized architecture and the immutable features of blockchain ledgers, in which entries are made using smart contracts. In addition to the fast, highly scalable, and low energy proof of authentication (PoAh) adopted as a consensus mechanism that helps to enhance the computational performance by eliminating the reverse hash function process used in PoW, it also eliminated centralized dependencies, which makes blockchain lightweight and more suitable for resource-constrained devices.  
In comparison with centralized architectures, our proposed scheme yields excellent performance, as demonstrated by our experimental results. Our system integrates blockchain technology with IIoT, and can therefore guarantee secure authentication and privacy preservation for the transmitted data. With this level of security, authorized clients (blockchain network participants) would be able to gain access to the private network and find out information on the cement production process, such as the quality, quantity, production capacity, production dates and power consumption. Security authentication and privacy preservation typically not considered in conventional IIoT systems, unlike in our work. We can successfully modernize conventional cement factories based on our new architecture in which the blockchain technology integrated with IIoT to create a secure industry environment.  
Conceptualization, S.M.U.; Funding acquisition, S.L.; Resources, S.M.U. and Z.A.A.; Software, S.M.U.; Supervision, S.L.; Visualization, S.M.U., J.Z. and J.W.; Writing--original draft, S.M.U.; Writing--review and editing, S.M.U. and Z.A.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Major Project of China grant number 2020 AEA011 and the Key Research and Development Plan of Hubei Province of China grant number 2020 BAB100. and the Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen of China grant number JCYJ20170818160208570.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.