## 3 Results
Above this temperature, due to secondary cracking reactions [28], the pyrolysis gas fraction increases to 60% at a temperature of 800 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 8 illustrates the mass variation over time under constant temperature treatment for small quantities of feathers, providing insights for designing effective biochar production strategies for agricultural applications. Figure 9 presents distribution rates of the main reaction products, obtained from the pyrolysis of poultry bones, at different temperatures. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Samples**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Ultimate Analysis (\% db *)**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Low Heating Value**} \\ \hline
**No.** & **Temp** & **C** & **H** & **N** & **S** & **O** ** & **Cl** & **Inert** & \\ \hline / & \({}^{\circ}\)**C** & **\%** & **\%** & **\%** & **\%** & **\%** & **\%** & **kJ/kg** & \\ \hline S1 & 500 & 66.1 & 4.2 & 9.7 & 0.4 & 9.3 & 4.6 & 5.7 & 25,820 \\ \hline S2 & 600 & 75.8 & 0.8 & 7.8 & 0.1 & 6.8 & 3.9 & 4.8 & 27,110 \\ \hline S3 & 700 & 88.1 & 0.1 & 5.9 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 5.9 & 28,095 \\ \hline S4 & 800 & 89.2 & 0.1 & 5.6 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 5.1 & 28,217 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
* Percentage on a dry basis; ** obtained by difference.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Ultimate analysis of biochar samples produced at different temperatures. Figure 7: Distribution rates of the main reaction products—char, tar, and gas—obtained from the pyrolysis of poultry feathers at different temperatures. It can be seen that a stronger structure of bones allows for higher processing temperatures during pyrolysis without significant loss of char mass. Figure 10, showing the thermal treatment in time of poultry bones under pyrolysis conditions, indicates however that an effective temperature for initiating the thermochemical degradation process begins at 600 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 8: Thermal degradation of poultry feathers under pyrolysis conditions. Figure 10: Thermal degradation of poultry feathers under pyrolysis conditions. Figure 9: Distribution rates of the main reaction products—char, tar, and gas—obtained from the pyrolysis of poultry bones at different temperatures. The application of biochar derived from chicken bones and feathers can significantly impact soil characteristics, particularly in terms of moisture retention, as can be seen in Figure 11.  
In areas with water scarcity and soil degradation, the simultaneous advantages of applying biochar for improving moisture retention and decreased soil compaction are especially beneficial for sustainable agriculture. As seen in Figure 12, tests have demonstrated that the degree of compaction on sandy soils can rise noticeably over the course of a year. When evaluating the biochar water-retention potential, experiments showed that it can hold up to 90% of its own mass. This property is attributed to biochar's porous structure, which allows it to absorb and retain substantial amounts of water. Carbon-sequestration potential and long-term impact has been evaluated for the proposed technology. A maximum application rate of 2 kg per furrow, as mentioned in the study, with 5000 furrows per hectare (10,000 m\({}^{2}\)) results in about 10 metric tons of biochar applied per hectare. Biochar has a high stability in soils, it being estimated that a range of 60-90% of biochar carbon can remain in the soil annually. With an application rate of 10 metric tons of biochar per hectare, this technology could sequester approximately  
Figure 11: Assessment of biochar’s impact on moisture retention in challenging soils. Figure 12: Effect of biochar application on the soil compaction of sandy soils at various depths. 5-8 metric tons of carbon per hectare, making it a valuable tool for carbon sequestration and soil restoration in sustainable agriculture.