# The _Ampd1_ Gene's rs17602729 Polymorphism and Athletic Performance in Track and Field Athletes
## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Model**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Genotype**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**n**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**(PB)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Difference (95\% CI)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{_p-Value_} \\ \cline{3-3} \cline{5-6}  & & & **Mean Score** & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Co-dominant} & GG & 49 & 1009.73 & 0.00 & \\ \cline{2-6}  & GA & 9 & 958.44 & \(-\)56.44 (\(-\)119.96 to 7.07) & 0.18 \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 2 & 1067.50 & 37.82 (\(-\)87.20 to 162.85) & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Dominant} & GG & 49 & 1009.73 & 0.00 & \\ \cline{2-6}  & GA-AA & 11 & 978.27 & \(-\)39.10 (\(-\)97.97 to 19.77) & 0.2 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Recessive} & GG-GA & 58 & 1001.78 & 0.00 & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AA & 2 & 1067.50 & 47.04 (\(-\)79.79 to 173.88) & 0.47 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Over-dominant} & GG-AA & 51 & 1012.0 & 0.00 & \\ \cline{2-6}  & AG & 9 & 958.44 & \(-\)58.03 (\(-\)120.96 to 4.90) & 0.07 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Association analysis of the _AMPD1_ rs17602729 polymorphism with athletic performance. viduals possessing the T allele in the rs17602729 polymorphism would initially have lower performance levels and showed less improvement with training [27]. A study on Polish male rowers indicated that the T allele was linked to their physical performance levels. Therefore, this allele has the potential to detrimentally impact athletic performance [18]. In the current study, we observed that the G allele, despite its higher frequency, was associated with lower mean PB scores. Considering the importance of endurance traits to long-distance runners, the present research into the rs17602729 polymorphism reveals that athletes with the AA genotype are less common, and this genotype shows no significant correlation with performance, aligning with previous findings [39]. These findings elucidate the relative significance of hereditary and environmental influences in the genesis of athletic prowess. Genetically inherited traits play a significant role in athletic performance; nevertheless, athletic performance is determined not only by genes but also the exercises performed and the lifestyle that forms around them. In the current study, while we found no significant difference in the PB performance values across different genotypes in sprimters/power athletes, it is noteworthy that several other studies have identified the rs17602729 polymorphism as a variant influencing sprimters' and power athletes' athletic performance. In a study carried out on Lithuanian sprimters/power athletes, it was indicated that the rs17602729 polymorphism C allele may assist athletes in achieving an elite status in sprint/power-oriented sports [34]. Among Polish power-oriented athletes, it is suggested that the C allele may contribute to athletes reaching an elite level in strength-focused sports [26]. In another study, it was reported that the rs17602729 polymorphism allele C may be regarded as indicative of a predisposition to high-speed and strength-based muscular activities [16]. In the present study, it was found that those with the GG genotype among sprimters/power athletes had the best PB averages. The advantageous impact of carrying the GG genotype on the athletic performance of elite sprimters/power athletes was further reinforced by observations that the athletes at the elite level with the GG genotype exhibited superior outcomes in PB. However, it is important to note that among these Turkish athletes, none of them possessed the AA genotype. In this context, it can be suggested that directing athletes with the G allele to sprint and power branches and tailoring their training programs based on these genetic findings could be more beneficial for the development of their performance. There are some limitations in the present research. First, since the participants were elite athletes, we carefully limited the sample size to ensure a homogeneous sample. The second limitation is that the study focuses only on a single gene and polymorphism.