## 4 Prevention Mechanisms of the Proposed Scheme
### _RSU Network Prevention Mechanism Against Hybrid DoS Attacks_
Hence, the proposed scheme models have resulted in a higher throughput value as compared to the other contending schemes, which are CUCKOO (ABC) and the Firefly (GA) scheme throughput, which are less. ### Prediction Accuracy Analysis

The third evaluation is also done on the basis of the prediction accuracy of the proposed scheme. It is also compared with the other contending schemes, including Artificial Bee Colony (CUCKOO) and Genetic Algorithm (Firefly) protocols. The prediction accuracy of the proposed scheme compared to the other contending schemes, which are CUCKOO (ABC) and the Firefly (GA), are determined as shown in Table 8.

## 6 Miscellaneous

Table 9 provides a comparison of VANET protocols based on trustworthiness, attack detection, and mode of transmission. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Iteration Count** & **Throughput-Proposed** & **Throughput-CUCKOO** & **Throughput-Firefly** \\ \hline
100 & 523,300 & 235,411 & 365,412 \\
500 & 652,311 & 352,210 & 356,221 \\
1000 & 721,112 & 396,521 & 385,211 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Throughput. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline Proposed Scheme & 92\% \\ \hline Cuckoo & 63\% \\ \hline Firefly & 63.89\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Prediction Accuracy. ## 7 Conclusions

The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) avoids heavy traffic conditions and driving problems that may be encountered on the roads, including highways. Due to the environment in which VANET is deployed, VANET encounters a lot of trustworthiness issues. This includes hybrid DoS attacks (HDSA), including DoS JSA and other forms of attacks that can be unpredictable with VANET. This leads to sporadic processing of information. Sporadic information processing prevents real-time information delivery in VANET during V2V, V2 RSU, and RSU2V communication. Consequently, this introduces end-to-end delay and jitter in the network. Alleviating end-to-end delay and jitter in the network requires secure, efficient storage delivery and trustworthiness solutions. This research has presented fog computing in a cloud-based integration (VFC) concept to secure VANET. The research also utilized hybrid optimization algorithms (HOAs), which are also intelligent and include CSA/ABC and Firefly/GA. HOAs are heuristics, and also have problem-solving skills. The HOAs integrate with vehicular authentication algorithms. In addition, they optimize FS and RSU further authentication algorithms, and also help to select trustworthy nodes in the network. This process has also led to secure transmissions of IEEE 802.11p beacon relays in VANET. Secure transmission helps to ensure safe V2V, V2 RSU, and RSU2V VANET communication processes. VANET communication processes include standardized road safety information exchange (SRSIE). This requires VANET Infrastructure Architecture (VIA) system models. In this research, the system architecture models of VIA and several interesting application scenarios, i.e., challenging issues of VFC, have been discussed in the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme VIA system models include HDAM, PSAM, and PESATRM. The HDAM is a hybrid model of two models that utilize the DoS attack model (DAM) and jamming signal attack model (DJSAM). These two attack models are used to identify and mitigate all forms of attacks, including HDSA, DoS JSA, and all other associated attacks. These HDSAs including DoS JSA and other attacks, interfere with IEEE 802.11p beacon transmission relays during V2V, V2 RSU, and RSU2V information dissemination. PSAM is the overall proposed scheme system model. PSAM utilizes attacked packet detection algorithms (APDA). APDA are used to identify the vehicle position and frequency of the number of attacked packets. PSAM utilizes multicast/broadcast and unicast modes of transmission of data, whilst utilizing the IEEE 802.11p beacons and signals for real-time data delivery. The PSAM also integrates with the PESATRM to provide robustness in VIA deployment.