# Remote Water Quality Monitoring System for Use in Fairway Applications
###### Abstract  
In the context of climate change, there is a growing need for accurate, real-time data on water quality in river waterways. This results in the development of advanced monitoring systems. This article presents a remote water quality monitoring system designed specifically for use in inland waterways, the basic elements of which are placed in a buoy with an IoT unit. The proposed system uses a network of sensors strategically placed along the waterway to continuously measure critical parameters: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity. Various compatibility, efficiency, and ease-of-use tests have been conducted to verify each aspect of the monitoring system. It has been shown that the sensors operate within the intended accuracy ranges. The central unit equipped with a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) module can wirelessly transmit data to a main server, enabling remote access and analysis via a user-friendly interface of the developed application. The paper details the technical architecture of the system, the integration of GSM technology to ensure reliable data transmission, and the results of the monitoring studies of the proposed parameters. The remote monitoring system offers significant benefits in terms of early detection of pollution events, ensuring the safety of aquatic life, and supporting sustainable navigation practices. The research results highlight the potential of GSM-based remote monitoring systems to revolutionize water quality management in waterways in various regions. remote water quality monitoring environmental sensors; data transmission; Internet of Things +
Footnote †: journal: applied sciences  
0000-0002-4311-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-A particularly effective approach involves integrating Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology, which provides a reliable and extensive communication network that facilitates data transmission from remote monitoring stations to central databases [11; 12; 13; 14]. This enables near-real-time water quality monitoring and immediate alerts about any deviations from established standards. An example of such a solution is a remote water quality monitoring system based on an autonomous buoy, where water parameters are measured, and data are transmitted to a central server using GSM technology. This system employs innovative components, offering a robust and scalable solution that overcomes the limitations of traditional monitoring methods [15; 16; 17], providing fast and practical insights into water quality conditions. The main component of the system, housed in the buoy, has been designed to allow operation and maintenance by personnel without specialized scientific qualifications while delivering high-quality data. The system ensures autonomy through hardware and software solutions for powering the central unit, including sensors. The modular design of the buoy's components makes them easy to maintain and operate. Furthermore, an algorithm for system operation has been developed, and sensors have been selected to allow easy replacement, enabling the monitoring of various water quality parameters. An application has also been created for monitoring, analyzing, and visualizing measurement data, further enhancing the system's functionality. These solutions make this system an efficient and modern approach to water quality monitoring, tailored to the needs of both scientists and practical users. A remote water quality monitoring system surpasses traditional measurement methods, which typically rely on two approaches: sample collection for laboratory analysis or field tests using specialized, expensive probes. Traditional methods are limited to one-time sampling, making it difficult to monitor changes over time. In the case of laboratory analysis, samples are transported to research centers, which can result in changes in water parameters during storage and transport, affecting the accuracy of the results.