# Comprehensive Evaluation Method for High-Performance
## 1 Introduction  
Inconel alloys, being nickel-based superalloys, are characterized by exceptional mechanical strength and corrosion resistance at high temperatures, making them invaluable in the aerospace, energy, and chemical industries. However, these very properties also make the machining of Inconel alloys a significant technological challenge. The issues associated with machining these materials include rapid tool wear, intense heat generation in the cutting zone, and the formation of residual stresses, which can reduce the durability of the machined components [1]. In response to these challenges, researchers are developing and implementing advanced methods aimed at improving the machinability of Inconel alloys. Examples include advanced cooling techniques, such as cryogenic machining, which significantly extends tool life and enhances surface quality [2], and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) enhanced with nanoparticles, which reduces energy consumption and improves process efficiency [3; 4]. One such innovative method is also ultrasonic-assisted milling, which improves process stability and reduces cutting forces, which is particularly important when machining alloys such as Inconel 718 [5]. The milling of Inconel alloys using carbide and ceramic inserts differs significantly in terms of performance, tool durability, and the quality of the machined surface. Ceramic tools, such as those made from SiAlON, are particularly effective in roughing operations, where high cutting speeds are essential for the rapid removal of large volumes of material. Research revealed that ceramic tools achieve a higher material removal rate (MRR) compared to carbide tools, making them more suitable for roughing operations [6]. Meanwhile, it has been emphasized that milling with ceramic inserts allows for a significant reduction in machining time, which is especially advantageous in large-scale production [7]. However, for finishing operations, where surface quality and dimensional accuracy are paramount, carbide inserts prove to be more effective. It was observed that finishing milling with carbide tools generates lower residual stresses and provides better surface quality compared to ceramic tools [8]. Carbide tools, particularly those with PVD or CVD coatings, exhibit superior wear resistance at lower cutting speeds, which results in reduced surface damage and higher machining precision [9; 10]. Consequently, while ceramic tools are favored for roughing operations due to their efficiency, carbide tools dominate in finishing operations, where quality and precision are critical. The milling of Inconel alloys using ceramic inserts requires specific parameters, including high cutting speeds, which are crucial for efficient material removal and extended tool life. Ceramic tools, particularly those made from materials such as SiAlON, are used at cutting speeds ranging from 250 m/min to even 900 m/min, depending on the specifics of the process and the type of tool. For example, it has been indicated that an optimal cutting speed for ceramic tools is around 250 m/min, allowing for a compromise between tool wear and tool longevity [11]. Conversely, it was described that, during high-speed milling, up to 900 m/min, SiAlON tools exhibit a significantly enhanced performance, albeit at the cost of increased residual stresses in the machined material [12]. Research demonstrated that, at cutting speeds ranging from 900 to 1100 m/min, it is possible to achieve a significant increase in the material removal rate (MRR), making these tools exceptionally effective for roughing operations [7]. Such high cutting speeds can lead to localized melting of the microstructure of Inconel 718, which reduces cutting forces, as previously observed [13]. In addition to the previously discussed methods, research on the machining of Inconel alloys highlights the need to optimize the cutting parameters and the tool geometry to improve surface quality and reduce residual stresses.