## 6 Discussion and Conclusions  
The primary purpose of the work was to learn about the behavior of drivers at the intersection entrance while waiting for a green signal. The questionnaire and field studies \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Type of Behavior of the Vehicle Driver after Stopping at the Signal-Controlled** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Percentage of Drivers [\%]**} \\
**Intersection Approach in the Initial Phase of Starting Red Signal Interval** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Survey Research:**} & **Field Research:** \\ \hline Using a mobile phone in any way & 91.55 & 73.32 \\ Using a mobile phone in hand & 39.69 & 63.72 \\ Using a mobile phone on a holder & 55.40 & 3.56 \\ Any other use of the mobile phone & 16.50 & 6.04 \\ (e.g., headphones, smartwatches, etc.) & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Comparison of the results of questionnaire and empirical research in the case of using a mobile phone. Figure 5: The results of the research on the expected behavior of vehicle drivers in the period after stopping due to the commencement of transmitting a red signal. confirmed the expected behavior but also allowed learning about other activities performed by drivers and expanded knowledge on this subject. Nowadays, mobile devices, mainly mobile phones, are common. The evolution of smartphones has led to the fact that drivers' behavior on the roads is also changing, which affects their level of attention during the journey. Despite widespread media coverage, and laws prohibiting certain forms of mobile phone use, and while technological developments allow them to be seen in several ways, for example using surveillance or speed cameras, drivers still make extensive use of them. The survey showed that around 90% of drivers admit to using their mobile phones to a greater or lesser extent while traveling, and over 27% of them say that they do so often or always. Moreover, almost 40% of respondents hold a phone while driving a car. Based on the results, it was possible to diagnose the main reasons for the use of mobile phones, both by drivers and passengers of individual car transport. The reasons for using mobile phones while traveling have not been studied in such detail so far. Drivers most often use the phone to continue or start voice calls when traveling by car. However, when they stopped at an intersection while waiting for a green signal, the reason for using the phone changed. Most often drivers use this moment to write back or start a new text message. One of the more interesting results is that, apart from the expected use of the phone for a conversation or for writing messages, a significant percentage of activities related to changing music with this device. In both cases (while driving or stopping), drivers admit to using the phone to change the music (~48% while driving and ~40% while waiting for a green signal). Driver distraction is one of the most common factors leading to a collision, as shown in the literature review. Interestingly, the most dangerous factor turns out to be writing or reading SMS messages, followed by a phone call. The obtained research results show that the driver most often continues or starts a conversation or changes the music using the phone, but more than one-third of the respondents said that they were using them to send SMS messages. When waiting for a green signal at the intersection entrance, drivers will admit to using a mobile phone to start/write a text message, change music or continue or start a voice call. In addition, half of the respondents believe that they do not pose a threat to traffic while waiting at the intersection with traffic lights while performing these activities. The results of the field research slightly changed the context of the (internet) survey results, as there was a slightly smaller, but still large (over 73%) percentage of people who first start using a mobile phone or other mobile devices after stopping at the red signal.