# Creation of One- and Two-Dimensional Copper and Zinc Oxides Semiconductor Structures
## 1 Introduction  
Advancements in such branches as sensors, opto- and microelectronics, and microsystems engineering have resulted in a growing demand for smaller, lighter, and more efficient devices. Great potential in producing advanced components with better performance and lower power consumption has been shown by nanostructured metal oxides [1; 2; 3]. The use of metal oxide nanomaterials can lead to the development of efficient sensors [4; 5; 6] and heterogeneous catalysts with fast performance, stability, and high selectivity [7]. Furthermore, oxide materials are also used in solar energy applications [8; 9], among others, in the form of heterostructures [10]. It should be noted that one-dimensional (1D)/quasi-one-dimensional and two-dimensional (2D) structures of oxide semiconductor materials possess improved surface activity and high surface area, due to which they demonstrate unique catalytic and sensing properties [11; 12]. Their structural anisotropy and dimensional effects lead to the modulation of electronic structure and optical properties, which opens prospects for the use of these materials in electronic and optical devices with a high degree of efficiency. One-dimensional material structures are materials in which their properties change in only one direction, resembling a \"linear chain\" structure. Materials such as nanofibers, nanowires, or nanotubes find wide application in areas requiring high sensitivity, such as in sensor devices. 1D structures also have high electronic mobility along their axis, which makes them promising for high-speed transistorapplications. They can also be used as efficient materials for solar cells, photodetectors, and other optoelectronic devices. In two-dimensional material structures, atoms or molecules are arranged in a single plane, forming a two-dimensional layer with a nanometer-scale thickness. These materials typically exhibit remarkable electronic, optical, and chemical properties and find wide-ranging applications in various fields, including electronics, photonics, and catalysis. 2D structures such as thin films and layers also have unique structural flexibility and can be easily integrated into various devices [13]. They can be used in microelectronics, memristors, and active elements of flexible electronic systems. Due to these properties, one-dimensional/quasi-one-dimensional and two-dimensional oxide semiconductors offer extensive opportunities for innovative technological solutions in electronics, optoelectronics, energetics, and sensorics. Research in this area continues to expand our understanding of these unique materials and their applications [14]. One-dimensional and two-dimensional copper (CuO) and zinc (ZnO) oxides are different forms of these materials that have some similarities, but also many different properties, and potential applications. The excellent properties of divalent copper oxide and zinc oxide account for their demand in various fields of science and technology. Both compounds, known for their semiconducting properties, which make them attractive for use in electronics and photonics, belong to the class of transition metal oxides. However, despite this, CuO and ZnO have unique properties and are used in different applications [15; 16]. CuO copper oxide can be obtained in various forms, including 1D and 2D structures. In 1D form, such as nanowires, CuO has high specific surface activity and is effectively used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions. In this case, quasi-one-dimensional materials usually have a larger surface area compared to 2D structures, which can affect their chemical activity and interaction with the environment [17]. In addition, the semiconducting properties of copper oxide allow its use in solar cells, showing high efficiency in converting solar energy into electrical energy [18]. Zinc oxide is also widely used in electronics, sensorics, and other technologies [19]. It can be used in the form of nanowires, nanofilms, or nanoparticles.