## 6 Conclusions  
Based on the L-band LT-1 satellite and C-band Sentinel-1A data, this paper used D-InSAR and POT methods to obtain the high-precision coseismic surface displacements for the Luding M\({}_{5}\) 6.8 earthquake and the surface motion rate for Mt. Gongga and its time-series evolution characteristics.  
The rupture of the fault extended along the NNW-SSE direction, and the motion mode was mainly sinistral with a gradual shift to slip-based motion with a thrust component. Uplift signals were evident on the western side of the fault, with maximum LOS uplift and subsidence values of approximately 20 cm and 25 cm, respectively. At the same time, multiple landslide and glacier movement deformation signals triggered by earthquakes were found at the epicenter location, reflecting the advantages of the LT-1 SAR's L-band sensor in monitoring large deformation gradients, such as those due to earthquakes and glaciers. The distribution of POT displacement from the Sentinel-1A before and during the earthquake was generally along the LOS direction. The accumulation area of Hailuogou Glacier, the ice tongue of Mozigou Glacier, and the hills at the back edge of Yanzigou Glacier were the most obvious. The glaciers with more drastic changes in flow velocity during the earthquake were Hailuogou Glaciers Nos 1-3 and Mozigou Glacier and its back-edge mountains on the east side of Mt. Gongga, with the maximum movement along the range direction reaching up to 1.5 m/d. The areas with accelerated glacier flow velocities after the earthquake were mainly found in the accumulation area of Hailuogou Glacier No. 1, the trailing edge of Hailuogou Glacier No. 2, the glacier tongue of Mozigou Glacier, and the main peak of Mt. Gongga.  
Through the comparative analysis of the time series for the glacier slip rate of Mt. Gongga glaciers four months after the earthquake, the conclusion was that the earthquake has caused some damage to glacier stability but has not yet formed a continuous large deformation area. The glaciers are still in a stable state, and the probability of a large-scale ice avalanche event directly causing disaster after an earthquake is low. However, the accuracy analysis of glacier surface motion using Sentinel-1 data has some shortcomings. In the future, we will further collect meteorological data and multisource remote sensing data for the glacier area to extend the observation period for glacier surface motion at Mt. Gongga to provide more reliable data support for the analysis of postseismic glacier activity.  
Conceptualization, Y.L. and H.L.; methodology, B.L. and H.L.; software, B.L. and H.D.; validation, Y.L., B.L. and H.D.; formal analysis, H.L.; investigation, H.D.; resources, Y.L.; data curation, B.L. and H.L.; writing--original draft preparation, H.L.; writing--review and editing, Y.L. and B.L.; visualization, H.L.; supervision, Y.L.; project administration, Y.L. and B.L.; funding acquisition, Y.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no. 2021 YFC3001903), Science and Technology Program of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ202301 YD0002C-01) and the Alibaba Innovation Research Program (24024696-CRAQ717 HZ11230008).  
The Sentinel-1 data used in this study were downloaded from the European Space Agency (ESA) through the ASF Data Hub website [[https://vertex.daac.asf.alaska.edu/](https://vertex.daac.asf.alaska.edu/)]([https://vertex.daac.asf.alaska.edu/](https://vertex.daac.asf.alaska.edu/)) (accessed on 20 January 2023).  
The authors would like to thank the ESA and ASF for providing the Sentinel-1 data.