# Design Optimization of Underground Mining Vehicles Based on Regenerative Braking Energy Recovery
## 4 Simulation Modeling of Regenerative Braking Energy Recovery  
ADVISOR2002 (Advanced Vehicle Simulator) is a sophisticated vehicle simulation software developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the MATLAB R2014 and SIMULINK R2014 software environment. It enables rapid analysis of the fuel economy, power, and emission performance of conventional, pure electric, and hybrid vehicles using specific vehicle parameters under given road cycle conditions. The software also provides flexibility by allowing the simulation of user-defined vehicle models and strategies. In this paper, the ADVISOR tool is utilized to simulate an underground mining truck. The aim is to verify the changes in energy consumption resulting from the installation of a brake energy recovery device in the vehicle. To begin, open MATLAB and input \"advisor\" in the MATLAB command line to launch the ADVISOR tool. Within the tool, select \"New Vehicle\" from the \"File\" menu to create a model of the underground mining vehicle. This can be based on an existing electric vehicle model. Then, import the parameters of the underground mining vehicle from Table 2 into the model. Configure the model by specifying vehicle parameters, powertrain specifications, battery characteristics, and other components. Select or create a suitable working condition that represents the underground environment to simulate vehicle performance under different driving conditions. Since brake energy recovery primarily occurs during braking, ensure that appropriate braking events are included in the defined road conditions. Next, configure the brake energy recovery system within the vehicle model. Define the parameters and performance of the braking system and designate the battery as the storage method for the recovered energy. Initiate the simulation of vehicle performance, including the evaluation of brake energy recovery, by selecting \"Run Simulation\" in the ADVISORtool. Analyze the simulation results, specifically focusing on the impact of brake energy recovery. Based on these findings, make optimizations and adjustments to enhance the performance of the brake energy recovery system. By employing this systematic approach, the ADVISOR tool facilitates comprehensive analysis and improvement of the energy efficiency of the underground mining truck, thereby advancing the implementation of brake energy recovery technology in the mining industry. Upon successful creation of the simulation model in ADVISOR, the drive train model of the underground mining vehicle can be exported, as depicted in Figure 9. This illustration visually represents the internal structure of the vehicle, showing how the power is directly supplied by the battery to the engine for propulsion. Furthermore, conducting cyclic operating conditions yields an energy consumption diagram, as shown in Figure 10. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the energy consumption patterns during the vehicle's operation. By conducting a comparison calculation between the energy consumption generated by each component of the vehicle during the driving process and the energy consumption recovered by the vehicle, it becomes evident that the integration of braking energy recovery technology significantly reduces energy waste in the operations of the underground mining vehicle. This finding underscores the effectiveness of braking energy recovery in enhancing energy efficiency. This paper presents the physical modeling and simulation of an underground mine car equipped with a brake energy recovery system. The results demonstrate the efficient recovery of approximately 60% of the braking energy after the installation of the regenerative braking device. This highlights the superior system design and significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency of underground mining vehicles. The successful capture and utilization of energy released during the braking phase, converted into electrical energy, provides the mining vehicle with additional driving force.