## 3 Smart Port Performance Indicators
Financial performance indicators help smart ports monitor their financial health, identify areas for development, make informed investment decisions, and ensure long-term financial growth in a changing marine sector landscape. * **Technological advancement**[59; 60; 61]: Technological advancements play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of smart ports. Ongoing breakthroughs in technology, such as blockchain, 5G connectivity, and self-driving vehicles, create opportunities for innovation and advancement in port operations. An agile and adaptable IT infrastructure enables smart ports to quickly adapt to shifting market demands, regulatory requirements, and emerging technologies, ensuring long-term competitiveness and sustainability. These advancements encompass a range of innovations that revolutionize operations, boost efficiency, and foster sustainability in port settings. Technological breakthroughs facilitate innovation, efficiency, and sustainability in smart port ecosystems, enabling ports to meet the evolving demands of global trade and logistics. Strategic integration of these technologies can enhance port operations, improve competitiveness, and contribute to the development of a more robust and efficient maritime sector. * **Environmental sustainability**[62; 63; 64; 65; 66; 67]: Environmental sustainability is a critical focus for smart ports, as they aim to decrease their ecological impact and help create a more environmentally friendly future. Key performance indicators (KPIs) for environmental sustainability in smart ports help to monitor and measure progress towards sustainability goals. These KPIs also offer valuable data for stakeholders, authorities, and the public to assess a port's environmental performance and support ongoing improvement efforts. * **Customer-centric orientation**[68; 69; 70]: Customer-centric performance at smart ports focuses on providing excellent services, increasing transparency, and optimizing operations to meet the requirements and expectations of port users, such as shipping firms, cargo owners, and other stakeholders. Metrics such as customer satisfaction, service reliability, transparency, communication, customization, personalization, feedback, and continuous improvement can help focus on customer needs, foster collaboration, leverage technology, and constantly improve services. By aligning key performance indicators (KPIs) with customer-centric goals, smart ports can generate customer satisfaction, loyalty, and a competitive edge in the marine sector. * **Safety and security**[71; 72; 73]: Smart port performance prioritizes safety and security to safeguard assets, staff, and cargo while ensuring seamless operations. By implementing robust safety and security measures, smart ports contribute to a secure and reliable marine ecosystem, protecting assets, maintaining operational continuity, and inspiring trust among stakeholders. Performance indicators, as indicated above, are essential for assessing and enhancing smart port operations across multiple dimensions. They help evaluate operational efficiency, safety and security, environmental sustainability, customer satisfaction, financial performance, and technological advancement. These indicators enable port stakeholders to optimize operations, ensure compliance with global standards, reduce environmental impact, and improve service quality. By integrating advanced technologies and continuously monitoring these performance areas, smart ports can adapt to changing industry demands and maintain global competitiveness.