# A Survey on the Application of WirelessHART for Industrial Process Monitoring and Control
## 3 Industrial Applications of WirelessHART
### Simulation Environment  
After the emergence of WirelessHART as the first wireless standard for monitoring and controlling industrial applications, attempts were made to evaluate them in a simulation environment using network simulators, hardware-in-the-loop simulator combined with Matlab, and LABVIEW. [PERSON] et al. [49] first acquired the patent for WirelessHART communication to control a field device in an industrial process using a cellular communication system. Here, the control system receives data from an internet-connected field device with a diagnostic system connected to it. This method of transmission increases the time delay and is prone to security threats. Later, improvements to security and co-existence with IEEE 802.11g networks were proposed in [50]. Their results validated the network's adaptive frequency hopping ability, rejected high packet loss channels, and blacklisted them to improve reliable data transfer. They concluded that security measures still need to be improved to counter denial-of-service attacks. Numerous researchers carried out various analyses of protocol development, performance, interoperability, and simulation investigations for process control during the WirelessHART establishment period to understand its effectiveness [51; 52; 53]. The initial attempt to use WirelessHART for control-oriented processes started with the development of TrueTime, a Matlab/Simulink-based wireless simulation toolbox specifically designed to support WirelessHART [54]. This modified TrueTime toolbox was used by researchers to simulate a closed-loop process control system in the WirelessHART standard with various packet losses, clock drifts, and delay compensation conditions [55; 56; 57]. Communication  
Figure 7: WirelessHART network structure. scheduling and controller design methodologies were combined to form a co-design technique to minimize control systems communication latency when using the WirelessHART standard. This method addresses the real-time issues in end-to-end data reliability, packet scheduling, packet loss/drop, and controller performance [58]. A WirelessHART-based simulator focusing on industrial process control application is presented in [59]. This simulator utilizes all 15 channels available in the communication standard for effective scheduling and data transfer to avoid network interference by using multi-hop communication. WirelessHART's network performance was evaluated against a hybrid simulation approach using COOJA in the Contiki operating system, with particular attention given to its efficient memory and time slotting. Though this method supports the handling of multiple industrial systems, it only supports one data argument. Other essential parameters, such as network management, communication scheduling, flash memory usage, and WirelessHART compliant security layer implementation have not been adequately addressed [60]. An improved co-design simulation technique using an interference model of the process was coded in OMNET++, which is used in TrueTime-Matlab/Simulink [61]. The simulation was conducted for monitoring and controlling the DC servomotor over a WirelessHART network with a conventional PI controller in a closed-loop process. In this model, prominent factors such as multipath fading, noise from the environment, signal interference, and line of sight are not considered, which makes the network reliability questionable. In [62], a hybrid control-oriented approach using WirelessHART in NCS with a source routing configuration to achieve asymptotic and exponential stability under some constraints is presented. In this research, important communication constraints such as stochastic time delay, interference, and packet drop are not examined. In [11], a simulation using Fast Sampling Wired Link Contention in a WirelessHART network control system with conventional PID is presented to improve the link reliability. Link delay and packet dropout correlation factors are used to address its impact on the closed-loop control performance.