# Future of IoT Networks: A Survey
## 3 Current Market and Research Trend of IoT
### Current Research on Future Network Architecture  
In this subsection, we present a survey on the future network architecture for IoT, in contrast to the IP-based conventional network architecture. The current network is based on the server-client model, and the number of nodes in the network has not been as enormous as it is today. In the server-client model, it is difficult to change the network functions and control the network with ease owing to an increase in network complexity. However, this will eventually become a larger problem in the era of IoT because the number of devices that will be connected to the IoT network is expected to increase exponentially. Fortunately, some nations have recognized this problem and proposed novel network architectures [39]. For instance, there are many research projects about the future network architecture under FP7 and Horizon 2020 in the EU. Specifically, the 4 WARD and Scalable & Adaptive Internet Solutions (SAIL) project studies the future network architecture. Additionally, Future Internet Research and Experimentation (FIRE) is intended to construct the initiative test bed infrastructure for the future Internet technology. In Horizon 2020, FIRE+ [40] is proposed to expand previous FIRE project by enabling experiments in any size, complexity, or networking technology. In addition to the EU, the Future INternet Design (FIND) project had been researched under the National Science Foundation (NSF) in the United States. Future Internet Architecture (FIA), which is the successor of FIND, has four main research topics to build the Internet architecture: Named Data Networking (NDN), MobilityFirst, NEBULA, and eXpressive Internet Architecture. Along with FIA, NSF sponsors the Global Environment for Network Innovation (GENI) project to construct the test bed environment. Currently, the Future Internet Architecture-Next Phase (FIA-NP) project is in progress to realize the research results of FIA. The overview of the future network architecture projects from the European Union is presented in Table 1, and Table 2 elaborates the research projects in the United States. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c l} \hline \hline
**Projects** & **Contents** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{4 WARD \& SAIL} & \(\bullet\) & 4 WARD: an ultra-scale future Internet research project, which inject 20 million euro to work together in different and specialized network architectures. \\  & \(\bullet\) & Scalable \& Adaptive Internet Solutions (SAIL) project: the successor of 4 WARD to develop a high network architecture. \\  & \(\bullet\) & Research challenges: network virtualization, network management, information-centric networking, and routing in the core network. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{FIRE [41]} & \(\bullet\) & Future Internet Research \& Experimentation (FIRE): the test bed development project that is similar to GENI, whose purpose is to narrow the gap between visionary research and large-scale experimentation. \\  & \(\bullet\) & New projects started in January 2016, focusing on networking and networked services. \\  & \(\bullet\) & Federation for FIRE (Fed4 FIRE): a real federation of experimentation facilities that focus on the simple, efficient, and cost-effective experimental environment. \\  & \(\bullet\) & Research challenges: federated test-bed and implementing controlled experiments. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{FIRE+ [40]} & \(\bullet\) & FIRE+ (2014): to implement a reliable experimental infrastructure with independence in terms of the size of experimental, geographical constraint, and tools. \\  & \(\bullet\) & Integrating experiments and facilities in FIRE+ (2015): a large-scale and real life experimental infrastructure to design and deploy services for the future internet. \\ \cline{1-1}  & \(\bullet\) & Future Internet Experimentation: Building a European experimental Infrastructure (2016): Focus on the experimental capability, which can cover variety of networking areas and standardization and interoperability of experimental facilities. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}