## 4 Discussion  
This study explored the moderating effects of fatigue on task and pause interruption by comparing behavioral performance and ERP data in both fatigued and non-fatigued states. From both behavioral and neuroscientific perspectives, it provides an in-depth investigation into the mechanisms through which fatigue impacts behavioral performance during task interruptions. At the behavioral level, the results indicated that task interruptions significantly increased RTs, while their impact on ACC was contingent on the fatigue state. Specifically, ACC was more adversely affected under fatigued conditions compared to non-fatigued states. ERP data revealed that in the fatigued state, participants exhibited significantly reduced P300 amplitudes in the frontal region, alongside a significant increase in P200 amplitudes in the same region. This reflects the impact of task interruption on cognitive resource processing and working memory, which is consistent with previous research [25]. However, further studies have found that fatigue negatively moderates behavioral performance by exacerbating the adverse effects of task interruptions on working memory and overall behavioral performance. (1) Fatigue and Task Interruptions: Impacts on Behavioral Performance  
From the behavioral performance data, a significant interaction between fatigue state and trial type was observed for RTs, indicating that interruptions led to a decline in post-interruption performance, with fatigue amplifying this negative effect. Subtle differences were noted between task interruptions and pause interruptions, where fatigue had a slightly greater negative impact during pause interruptions than simple task interruptions. These phenomena can be understood through the mediating effects of fatigue and the compensatory control mechanisms. In the ACT-R cognitive architecture, executive control primarily coordinates and manages the activities of various cognitive modules (e.g., perception, cognition, memory, and motor modules) [26]. Its core functions include regulating attention, managing working memory, suppressing impulsive and erroneous responses, and adapting task switching strategies to meet changing task demands. Executive control achieves optimal cognitive resource allocation and task switching through the coordination of the facilitation system and the inhibition system [27]. During task interruptions, the facilitation and inhibition systems collaborate to regulate cognitive and behavioral responses. The facilitation system accelerates responses to new tasks by enhancing arousal levels and attention focus, possibly via neurotransmitter release. Meanwhile, the inhibition system reduces interference and protects working memory for the primary task. When an interruption occurs, executive control's coordination of cognitive resources is disrupted, and the balance between the facilitation and inhibition systems is compromised, reducing the efficiency of reactivating the primary task, and thereby impairing behavioral performance. Previous studies have shown that enhancing system performance can lead to the neglect of relevant cues, resulting in longer response times and increased error rates in completing the main task [28]. Fatigue further diminishes allocation efficiency, weakening the activation of the facilitation system and making the inhibition system more active. This overactivation hinders the ability to filter irrelevant stimuli, impairing information processing, which leads to longer RTs and decreased ACC after interruptions. In the non-fatigued group, \"compensatory control mechanisms\" [29] were observed. When the executive control system is overloaded and cognitive resources such as working memory capacity are impaired, individuals may unconsciously activate compensatory control mechanisms to counteract this damage. These compensatory control mechanisms work by adjusting execution strategies, prioritizing important tasks, or adopting more effort-efficient approaches to maintain behavioral performance [30].