## 5 Results and Evaluation  
### Input Performance  
The user study revealed that the size animation clue performed best, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 11. Concerning typing speed in corrected words per minute (wpm), the performance of participants using the size animation clue was 1.07% better than the second-best clue, the font clue, and 4.16% better than the third-best clue, the size clue. Generally, concerning input performance, the ranking was the size animation clue, followed by the font clue, size clue, color clue, color animation clue, and wiggle animation clue. Figure 11a visualizes the results of the user study concerning input speed in words per minute. The differences between the individual visual clues turned out to be smaller than expected. The results of this user study also confirm the work of [PERSON] et al. [8], because the typing speed improvement overall with visual clues compared to no visual clues was around 30%, which is in line with their observations. The size animation clue led to a faster typing speed than the size clue, while the color animation clue led to a lower typing speed in comparison with the color clue. This leads to the assumption that the animation features do not automatically improve the visual search times, despite the additional feature. In the domain of errors, the results were similar to the typing speed, as shown in Figure 11b.  
Concerning the significance of the differences in the typing speed results of the visual clues, a paired \(t\)-test was carried out in a matrix design to compare every visual clue with each other. The null hypothesis, therefore, was that there is no difference between the single averages of the samples. The results are shown in Table 2. The tests show that, in most cases, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. The differences between size clue, color clue, font clue, size animation clue, and color animation clue are not significant and could be that way just by chance. What the results do show is that the wiggle animation clue is worse than the other clues concerning typing speed and the null hypothesis can be rejected in comparison with every other clue except the color clue. This means that these differences are not by chance. This is the same when comparing no clue to any other clue.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Visual Clue** & **Errors** & **Uncorrected Errors** & **CpS** & **WpM** & **ErrRate [\%]** \\ \hline No Clue & 83 & 38 & 0.833 & 9.650 & 1.528 \\ \hline Size Clue & 63 & 25 & 1.073 & 12.587 & 1.164 \\ \hline Color Clue & 60 & 22 & 1.070 & 12.575 & 1.111 \\ \hline Font Clue & 48 & 10 & 1.091 & 12.971 & 0.887 \\ \hline Size Animation & 42 & 9 & 1.102 & 13.110 & 0.784 \\ \hline Color Animation & 67 & 27 & 1.043 & 12.204 & 1.245 \\ \hline Wiggle Animation & 58 & 17 & 0.971 & 11.470 & 1.071 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: User study results.  
Figure 11: Results of the experiment. (**a**) Words per minute depending on the visual clues. (**b**) Average error rate depending on visual clues.  
Here, the differences are also significant. Concerning the input performance, it is clear that the size animation clue and the font clue performed best according to the user study. The differences from the next ones are rather small with 4% and 3% improvements to the third best clues. The size animation clue also offered the least errors. Additionally, the \(t\)-test does not reject the null hypothesis, so there is a chance that these results just happened randomly. The differences are smaller than expected.