## 3 Results
### Studies' Characteristics and Qualitative Synthesis  
Table 2 summarizes the features of the included reviews. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Authors, Year, Reference** & **Motivation** \\ \hline [PERSON] (2015) [43] & Did not meet the inclusion criteria \\ [PERSON] (2023) [44] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2023) [45] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2015) [46] & Not relevant \\ [PERSON] (2021) [47] & Did not meet the inclusion criteria \\ [PERSON] (2023) [48] & Did not meet the inclusion criteria \\ [PERSON] (2021) [49] & Did not meet the inclusion criteria \\ [PERSON] (2015) [50] & Did not meet the inclusion criteria \\ [PERSON] (2024) [51] & Not relevant \\ [PERSON] (2023) [52] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2016) [53] & Not relevant \\ [PERSON] (2023) [54] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2019) [55] & Not relevant \\ [PERSON] (2023) [56] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2022) [57] & Not relevant \\ [PERSON] (2023) [58] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2021) [22] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2019) [59] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2023) [60] & No systematic review \\ [PERSON] (2023) [61] & Not relevant \\ \hline \end{tabular} This table shows authors, year, reference, and motivation for exclusion.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Excluded studies and motivation. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Author, Year** & **Number and** & & & \\
**Reference** & **Design of** & **Type of Materials Used** & **Outcomes** & **Conclusions** \\
**Journal** & **Included Studies** & & & \\
**Meta-Analysis** & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[PERSON], 2019 [62]} & \multirow{4}{*}{4 RCTs} & \multirow{4}{*}{LLLT} & Tissue thickness, & All studies showed that LLLT \\  & & & wound area, & effectively improved clinical \\  & & & & outcomes, including \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-5} \multirow{4}{*}{_J. Investig. Clin. Dent.:_;_;_} & 32–52 participants & (test group) & discomfort, & \\  & with a mean age & & & pain assessment \\ \cline{1-1}  & of 27–42 years & (control group) & (by the patient) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & through the visual & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & analog scale (VAS) & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{[PERSON], 2023 [63]} & \multirow{4}{*}{16 RCTs} & PRF, LLLT, PRF + & & The methods that best reduced \\ \cline{1-1}  & & butyl-cyanoacrylate & & pain perception were platelet-rich \\ \cline{1-1}  & & adhesive, & &
\begin{tabular}{} \end{tabular} \\ \cline{1-1}  & & butyl-cyanoacrylate & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & adhesive, & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & compression with 15% ferric & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & sulfate solution, PRP, LLLT & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & + acrylic stent, PRF + & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & periodontal dressing, HA + & (by the patient) & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & 16 RCTs & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & 613 participants & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & and meta-analysis & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The characteristics of the studies included in the present systematic review: author, year, reference, journal, meta-analysis; number and design of included studies; type of materials used; outcomes; conclusions. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Author, Year** & **Number and** & & & \\
**Reference** & **Design of** & **Type of Materials Used** & **Outcomes** & **Conclusions** \\
**Journal** & **Included Studies** & & & \\
**Meta-Analysis** & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} Meza-Mauricio, \\ 2021 [64]; \\ _Clin. Oral Investig.;_ \\ systematic review \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{6}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} PRF \\ (test group), \\ wet gauge compression \\ 292 participants \\ within the age \\ range of 18–78 \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{6}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} WHS, pain \\ assessment (by the \\ patient) through \\ gelatin sponge, \\ sterile tamponade, \\ collagen dressing, oxidized \\ regenerated cellulose \\ (control group), \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multirow{6}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} The use of PRF membranes may \\ improve postoperative \\ discomfort (pain), wound healing, \\ and postoperative bleeding. \\ \end{tabular}