# Preparations for Galileo PRS in Poland
## 4 Coexistence with RNSS Systems and Other Services
Despite these provisions, the interference incidents affecting the RNSS did actually occur. Most notably, there were two cases reported by European countries [5]:  
* Italy: in May/June 2021, several incidents of harmful interference were registered by the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission in the Varese region. High-end GNSS receivers were affected during the test of a new Galileo High Accuracy Service in the 1260-1300 MHz band. As it turned out, the interference was caused by an FM modulated signal transmitted by an Amateur Radio Repeater. This strong narrow-band emission was received at 1297.3 MHz and characterized by a strong power, more than 40 dB above the noise floor. * Germany: an RNSS reference receiver operating in the range 1260-1300 MHz was adversely affected by amateur applications, later identified as amateur TV emissions. Measurements conducted in other European countries--for example, in Poland--also confirmed that the E6 band is periodically interfered with by amateur applications (see also Section 5.1), so the issue should not be disregarded or treated as incidental. The reports on these cases were extensively discussed on international forums, including CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) and ITU-R. As a result of that, the issue of RNSS interference caused by amateur and satellite amateur services in the range 1240-1300 MHz was assigned a dedicated agenda item, 9.1(b), for the upcoming World Radiocommunication Conference WRC-23, which is scheduled to take place in November/December 2023 in the United Arab Emirates. At this point, we should note that the World Radiocommunication Conference is an international event held every three to four years, whose job is to review and, if necessary, revise the Radio Regulations, the international treaty governing the use of the radio-frequency spectrum and the geostationary-satellite and non-geostationary-satellite orbits. The very fact the topic of the RNSS interference by the amateur services in the E6 band has been given a separate WRC-23 agenda item shows that this issue is taken very seriously by the international community. The WRC-23 agenda item 9.1(b) will be dedicated to \"the review of the amateur service and the amateur-satellite service allocations in the frequency band 1240-1300 MHz to determine if additional measures are required to ensure protection of the radionavigation-satellite (space-to-Earth) service operating in the same band\". The detailed scope of this item covers the following two tasks [6]: (1) to perform a detailed review of the different systems and applications used in the amateur service and amateur-satellite service allocations in the frequency band 1240-1300 MHz and (2) taking into account the results of the above review, to study possible technical and operational measures to ensure the protection of RNSS (space-to-Earth) receivers from the amateur and amateur-satellite services in the frequency band 1240-1300 MHz, without considering the removal of these amateur and amateur-satellite service allocations. Please note that while the planned actions of the WRC-23 on this matter do include the possible introduction of appropriate measures to protect the RNSS, those measures should (and will) not result in the removal of amateur and amateur-satellite service allocations in the 1240-1300 MHz band. That means that the possible outcome of this WRC-23 agenda item may include specific technical solutions (e.g., revised RNSS protection criteria, new power limits, separation distances for various scenarios, etc. ), but other than that, the current allocation scheme for the amateur services in the 1240-1300 MHz range will remain unchanged. At the time of this writing (winter 2022), extensive preparatory work for the 9.1(b) agenda item is being carried out worldwide.