###### Abstract  
As special equipment for storing energy, the safety performance of liquified natural gas (LNG) storage tanks under earthquake action is extremely important. To study the dynamic characteristics of the large-scale LNG storage tank structure and the dynamic response under earthquake action, the shaking table test and numerical simulation analysis of the LNG storage tank structure model are carried out. The results of the shaking table test demonstrate that the natural vibration frequency of the tank model is significantly reduced after the isolation measures are taken. The acceleration response of the seismic storage tank increases approximately linearly along the direction of height, and the seismic isolation bearing has a significant seismic isolation effect on the acceleration of the storage tank. The numerical simulation results show that the seismic responses and their spectral characteristic curves of the numerical model and the shaking table test are the same, which verifies the feasibility and rationality of the numerical model. After seismic isolation measures are taken, the seismic responses of large-scale LNG storage tanks, such as base shear force, overturning bending moment and acceleration, are reduced to varying degrees, but the displacement of the storage tank increases to some extent. When carrying out the seismic isolation design of LNG storage tanks, it is necessary to focus on the displacement of the storage tank to prevent damage of the auxiliary pipeline led by excessive displacement. LNG storage tank; shaking table test; dynamic characteristics; dynamic response; seismic performance +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences  
significance and engineering value to study the seismic performance of large-scale LNG storage tanks. Liquid\(-\)solid interaction is the most obvious difference between storage tanks and conventional civil structures (such as houses and bridges). Under the external excitation, the liquid will slosh back and forth, which will generate tremendous dynamic hydraulic pressure on the tank wall, which in turn will affect the structure. In order to study the liquid\(-\)solid interaction of the storage tank, [PERSON] [8] first proposed a two-particle mass\(-\)spring model, which divided the liquid into a rigid component and a convection component. Considering the elastic deformation of the tank wall under load, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [9] proposed a simplified mechanical model, which takes into account the elastic deformation of the tank wall and the interaction between the liquid and the solid. For the convenience of engineering application, [PERSON] et al. [3] proposed a simplified seismic design method, which takes into account the influence of liquid convection and pulsation on the tank wall. [PERSON] et al. [10] studied the effect of different isolator parameters on the seismic response of the foundation isolation liquid storage tank. In order to verify the correctness of the simplified model of the storage tank proposed by the above researchers, some researchers [11; 12; 13] used finite element software to analyze the seismic time history of the storage tank, and compared the calculation results of the finite element and the simplified model; it was found that the difference between the two is not large, which verifies the rationality of the simplified model. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [14] used ANSYS finite element software to conduct a parametric study on the dynamic behavior of cylindrical storage tanks, and the study illustrated that the current liquid tank design codes of the dynamic hydraulic pressure is too conservative. [PERSON] et al. [15] studied the seismic response of liquid storage tanks isolated by elastomeric bearings and sliding systems under near-fault seismic motion. [PERSON] [16] reviewed the research status of the finite element method used in the barrier and barrier-free liquid storage tanks, and introduced the method of establishing the finite element model of the liquid storage tank in ANSYS software in detail.