## 3 Results
### Taxa Differences Among the Different Sampling Days  
ANCOM performed with a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 identified 17 ASVs and four families with significantly different abundances (ANCOM W \(\geq\) 5) among the different sampling days (Table 4). No significantly different ASVs and families were identified for the various washing treatments. The relative abundance ratios of ASVs and taxa rank family were calculated using day 0 as the basis for displaying the relative abundance in Figure 3a,b, respectively. Out of 17 ASVs identified as significantly different, 4 ASVs on day 5, and 8 ASVs on day 10 had an increase in relative abundance. An ASV identified as belonging to the _Pseudomonadaceae_ family (unclassified genus) had the highest relative abundance (RA ratio of 8.82), followed by an ASV belonging to the _Moraxellaceae_ family (_Alkaninidges illinoisensis_--RA ratio of 6.41) on day 5. ASVs identified as belonging to the _Flavobacteriaceae_ (unclassified genus) and _Pseudomonadaceae_ (unclassified genus) families had RAs of 4.3 and 3.2, respectively. ANCOM family-level analysis revealed that _Pseudomonadaceae_ had the highest relative abundance (2.9) on day 5. The relative abundance of three additional families (_Spingobacteriaceae_, _Flavobacteriaceae_ and _Xanthomonadaceae_) on day 5 and day 10 were lower than on day 0 (Table 4).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**ASVs** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Relative Abundance (RA)**} & **Reject** \\ \hline
**Taxon** & **W** & **Day 0** & **Day 5** & **Day 10** \\ \hline f _Pseudomonadaceae_; g unclassified (ASV1) & 37 & 0.0010 & 0.0087 & 0.0032 & TRUE ** \\ g _Alkaninidges_; s _illinoisensis_ (ASV2) & 14 & 0.0030 & 0.0079 & 0.0017 & TRUE ** \\ f _Flavobacteriaceae_; g unclassified (ASV3) & 13 & 0.0016 & 0.0000 & 0.0019 & TRUE ** \\ f _Flavobacteriaceae_; g unclassified (ASV4) & 12 & 0.0002 & 0.0000 & 0.0009 & TRUE ** \\ g _Hermininimonas_; s aqutilis (ASV5) & 10 & 0.0011 & 0.0000 & 0.0012 & TRUE ** \\ f _Microcococcae_; g _Arthobacter_ (ASV6) & 10 & 0.0107 & 0.0076 & 0.0162 & TRUE** \\ f _Oxalobacteraceae_; g unclassified (ASV7) & 10 & 0.0142 & 0.0099 & 0.0187 & TRUE ** \\ f _Flavobacteriaceae_; g _Persiciurga_(ASV8) & 10 & 0.0028 & 0.0000 & 0.0001 & TRUE ** \\ o _Bacillus_; f unclassified (ASV9) & 10 & 0.0010 & 0.0017 & 0.0000 & TRUE ** \\ g _Achromobacter_; _s xylos oxidans_ (ASV10) & 7 & 0.0009 & 0.0000 & 0.0002 & TRUE ** \\ g _Flavobacterium_; _s frigidarium_ (ASV11) & 7 & 0.0010 & 0.0000 & 0.0001 & TRUE ** \\ g _Alkaninidges_; _s illinoisensis_ (ASV12) & 6 & 0.0060 & 0.0388 & 0.0066 & TRUE ** \\ f _Flavobacteriaceae_; g unclassified (ASV13) & 6 & 0.0013 & 0.0000 & 0.0002 & TRUE ** \\ f _Pseudomonadaceae_; g unclassified (ASV14) & 6 & 0.0022 & 0.0005 & 0.0000 & TRUE ** \\ g _Flavobacterium_; _s frigidarium_ (ASV15) & 5 & 0.0013 & 0.0002 & 0.0000 & TRUE ** \\ f _Microcococcae_; _g Arthobacter_ (ASV16) & 5 & 0.1405 & 0.0667 & 0.1766 & TRUE ** \\ f _Flavobacteriaceae_; g unclassified (ASV17) & 5 & 0.0010 & 0.0002 & 0.0007 & TRUE ** \\ \hline
**Family** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Taxon**} & **W** & & \\ \hline o _Spingobacteriales_; f _Splingobacteriaceae_ & 6 & 0.5810 & 0.1827 & 0.2363 & TRUE ** \\ o _Pseudomonadales_; f _Pseudomonadaceae_ & 5 & 0.2025 & 0.5894 & 0.2082 & TRUE ** \\ o _Xanthomonadales_; f _Xanthomonadaceae_ & 2 & 0.4953 & 0.1604 & 0.3443 & TRUE ** \\ o _Flavobacteriaceae_ & 2 & 0.4343 & 0.1861 & 0.3796 & TRUE ** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Amplicon sequence variants,
* Taxa are identified from Greengenes database. *
* Indicate rejected null hypothesis. o-order, f-family, g-genus, s-species.  
\end{table}
Table 4: Taxa (17 ASVs) and genera (5 genera) identified as significantly different in abundance on sampling days 0, 5 and 10 by analysis of composition of microbiomes (ANCOM) analysis at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. The higher the W value, the more significant are the differences in abundance levels between the sampling days.