## 3 Results and Discussion
The performance of the hybrid models and the ANN model is summarized in Table 4.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Region**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Country**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Model**} & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Evaluation Metrics**} \\ \cline{4-11}  & & & **r** & **MAE** & **RMSE** & **MAPE** & **MAE** & **RMSE** & \(\mathbf{\lambda_{\text{MAE}}}\) & \(\mathbf{\lambda_{\text{RMSE}}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{West Africa} & \multirow{4}{*}{Ghana} & ANN & 0.9675 & 39.922 & 88.888 & 15.05 & 0.1089 & 0.071 & 0.0028 & 0.0008 \\  & & CNN-ANN & 0.9682 & 37.74 & **87.54** & 14.39 & 0.022 & 0.612 & 0.0006 & 0.0069 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9675 & 36.52 & 88.53 & **14.13** & 0.848 & 1.571 & 0.0227 & 0.0174 \\  & & ANN & 0.9792 & 32.06 & 73.57 & 11.754 & 1.384 & 4.519 & 0.0414 & 0.0579 \\  & & CNN-ANN & 0.9762 & 30.99 & 78.795 & **11.311** & 0.063 & 0.635 & 0.020 & 0.0081 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9762 & 31.73 & **78.55** & 11.60 & 2.457 & 7.423 & 0.0840 & 0.1044 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{East Africa} & \multirow{4}{*}{E Ethiopia} & ANN & 0.9787 & 28.13 & 73.81 & 10.28 & 0.615 & 2.601 & 0.0224 & 0.0365 \\  & & CNN-ANN & 0.9792 & 29.41 & 73.74 & 10.06 & 2.138 & 6.785 & 0.074 & 0.1013 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & **0.9800** & **25.89** & **72.27** & **9.31** & 1.534 & 5.508 & 0.063 & 0.0825 \\  & & ANN & 0.9898 & 22.21 & 52.801 & 7.78 & 0.374 & 2.626 & 0.0166 & 0.0474 \\  & & CNN-ANN & 0.9894 & 19.94 & 54.119 & 6.908 & 0.0628 & 0.1085 & 0.00314 & 0.0020 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & **0.9904** & **16.60** & **51.54** & **5.725** & 0.219 & 1.879 & 0.0130 & 0.0352 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Central Africa} & \multirow{4}{*}{Chat} & ANN & 0.9939 & 17.07 & **42.99** & 5.62 & 0.991 & 5.843 & 0.055 & 0.1196 \\  & & CNN-ANN & **0.9930** & 15.70 & 46.84 & 5.04 & 0.1981 & 0.884 & 0.0128 & 0.0185 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9921 & **15.23** & 49.08 & **4.98** & 0.0988 & 0.4797 & 0.006 & 0.0097 \\  & & CNN-LSTM & ANN & 0.9667 & 44.53 & 91.46 & 16.92 & 0.8937 & 0.8588 & 0.0216 & 0.0093 \\  & & African & CNN-ANN & **0.9675** & 39.83 & **89.99** & 15.24 & 0.3056 & 0.3136 & 0.0077 & 0.0035 \\  & & Republic & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9662 & **39.71** & 92.43 & **14.98** & 0.2729 & 0.8224 & 0.0071 & 0.0090 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{North Africa} & \multirow{4}{*}{Algeria} & ANN & 0.9815 & 30.19 & 73.94 & 10.24 & 0.1382 & 1.8773 & 0.0046 & 0.0261 \\  & & CNN-ANN & 0.9827 & **27.70** & 71.35 & **9.45** & 0.996 & 3.287 & 0.0373 & 0.0483 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9830 & 32.05 & **71.03** & 10.76 & 0.3594 & 2.6834 & 0.0111 & 0.0364 \\  & & ANN & 0.9914 & 17.64 & 50.88 & 5.86 & 0.4002 & 2.788 & 0.0232 & 0.0580 \\  & & CNN-ANN & **0.9925** & **17.25** & **48.33** & **5.56** & 0.7367 & 1.567 & 0.045 & 0.034 \\  & & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9919 & 17.37 & 49.59 & 5.74 & 0.2398 & 1.648 & 0.0194 & 0.034 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} South \\ Africa \\ \end{tabular}  } & ANN & 0.9732 & 28.22 & 79.49 & 10.99 & 1.332 & 6.922 & 0.0495 & 0.0954 \\  & & CNN-ANN & **0.9782** & **26.41** & **72.80** & **9.98** & 0.356 & 0.221 & 0.0137 & 0.0030 \\  & & Africa & CNN-LSTM-ANN & 0.9769 & 26.64 & 74.25 & 10.22 & 0.949 & 2.898 & 0.037 & 0.041 \\  & & ANN & 0.9752 & 31.41 & 80.12 & 11.47 & 1.084 & 4.998 & 0.0357 & 0.0665 \\  & & N