# A Digital Twin System for Adaptive Aligning of Large Cylindrical Components
## 6 Conclusions  
To address the issue of high efficiency and precision in large cylindrical component alignment, a DT aligning system based on digital twin and closed-loop adaptive control technology is proposed in this study, which can improve the quality and efficiency of large component alignment, as well as the level of automation and intelligence. The important contributions of this work are mentioned below.  
1. A DT aligning system for large cylindrical components is designed and developed, consisting of a DT process system, a control system, a physical execution system, and a process sensing system, which allows for close-loop adaptive aligning of the large cylindrical component.
2. A multi-dimensional modeling method of the DT aligning system is carried out, including geometric modeling, physical modeling, functional modeling, and data modeling, and is used to realize the association, mapping, and interaction between physical space and virtual space of the aligning system, as well as realize the real-time visual monitoring of physical space aligning.
3. An adaptive aligning control method for the large components based on real-time measured pose data is proposed, allowing for real-time status perception and process  
Figure 15: Comparison of experimental results between traditional methods and the proposed method. (**a**) Aligning error in the X\(-\)direction of large cylindrical components. (**b**) Aligning error in the Y\(-\)direction of large cylindrical components. (**c**) Aligning error in the Z\(-\)direction of large cylindrical components. (**d**) Total aligning error of large cylindrical components.  
execution decision-making while successfully ensuring the quality and efficiency of the large component aligning.  
In short, the DT technology was first introduced into the adaptive aligning of large cylindrical components. A DT model of the large component aligning system was constructed from four dimensions: geometric modeling, physical modeling, functional modeling, and data modeling, and the physical entity of the aligning system was comprehensively and realistically depicted and described. On this basis, the DT aligning system for large cylindrical components was designed and developed. And the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed system were experimentally validated, which provides a solution for the real-time monitoring of the large component aligning and can improve the aligning quality and efficiency of large components.  
Conceptualization, W.F., [PERSON] ([PERSON]) and L.Z.; methodology, W.F., R.X., [PERSON] ([PERSON]) and L.Z.; validation, W.F., R.X., [PERSON] ([PERSON]) and L.Z.; data curation, [PERSON] ([PERSON]); software, W.F., R.X., [PERSON] ([PERSON]) and [PERSON] ([PERSON]); writing--original draft preparation, W.F. and [PERSON]; writing--review and editing, [PERSON] ([PERSON]), [PERSON] and [PERSON]. ([PERSON]); visualization, [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] ([PERSON]), [PERSON] and [PERSON]. ([PERSON]); supervision, [PERSON] and [PERSON]; funding acquisition, [PERSON] All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation, China, grant number 52205511.  
Not applicable.  
Data Availability Statement: Data is contained within the article.  
Author [PERSON] were employed by the company Beijing Xinfeng Aerospace Equipment Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.