# Mycotoxin Level in Winter Wheat Grain as Impacted by Nitrogen and Manganese Fertilisation
## 3 Results
### Mycotoxin Content
The NIV level was the most weakly determined when 150 kg N and 1.5 kg Mn were applied (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.37) and the most strongly determined when 150 kg N was applied (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.91). The MON level was determined by the Mn content in the no-fertilisation plot (50%) and in the plot where 150 kg N and 1.5 kg Mn were applied (56%). The ZEA level was determined by the Mn content in the no-fertilisation plot (82%) and in the plot where 150 kg N (90%), 200 kg N + 0.5 kg Mn (94%) and 200 kg N + 1.5 kg Mn (66%) were applied. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Treatment** & **2014** & **2015** & **2016** & **Average for Treatment** \\ \hline Without fertilisation & 24.31 g–j & 47.75 b–d & 58.82 ab & 43.63 a \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) & 39.68 c–g & 71.70 a & 28.22 e–i & 46.53 a \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 0.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 19.29 h–j & 56.64 a–c & 18.61 h–j & 31.52 bc \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 1.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 24.43 g–j & 26.53 f–i & 38.59 d–g & 29.85 bc \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) & 28.35 e–i & 44.28 b–e & 32.05 d–h & 34.89 b \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 0.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 45.81 b–e & 12.26 i–k & 19.48 h–j & 25.85 c \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 1.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 43.71 b–f & 0.01 k & 8.15 jk & 17.29 d \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k—values followed by the same letters do not differ significantly in Tukey’s (HSD) test (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table} 
Table 10: Concentrations of moniliformina (MON) in winter wheat grain after application of N and Mn for fertilisers, \(\mu\)g g\({}^{-1}\). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Treatment** & **2014** & **2015** & **2016** & **Average for Treatment** \\ \hline Without fertilisation & 8.78 d–f & 23.28 b & 14.81 ab \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) & 10.41 de & 7.60 d–f & 30.10 a & 16.03 a \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 0.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 13.21 cd & 7.94 d–f & 12.27 d & 11.14 bc \\
150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 1.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 8.48 d–f & 5.55 e–g & 8.21 d–f & 7.41 c \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) & 8.77 d–f & 2.93 fg & 30.99 a & 14.23 ab \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 0.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 5.77 e–g & 4.47 e–g & 18.39 bc & 9.55 bc \\
200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) + 1.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) & 3.15 fg & 0.75 g & 7.93 d–f & 3.94 d \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} a,b,c,d,e,f,g—values followed by the same letters do not differ significantly in Tukey’s (HSD) test (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table} 
Table 9: Concentrations of Zearalenone (ZEA) in winter wheat grain after application of N and Mn for fertilisers, \(\mu\)g g\({}^{-1}\). The DON level was determined at 71% by the occurrence of _Fusarium_ spp. following the application of 200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) and 1.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) (Figure 4). The coefficient of determination for the NIV level exceeded 50%, except in plots where 150 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\), 0.5 kg Mn ha\({}^{-1}\) (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.35) and 200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) were applied (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.47). The MON level was determined by grain contamination with _Fusarium_ spp. in the no-fertilisation plot (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.61) following the application of 200 kg N ha\({}^{-1}\) with Mn (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.72-0.86). The ZEA level was not determined by _Fusarium_ spp. infestation.