## 2 Status Analysis of the Fairway
### General Status Analysis of Fairways  
Through Article 31 of the Maritime Safety Act, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries designates an official fairway as an area recognized as likely to cause a marine accident due to natural conditions such as topography and current, or ship traffic in the water area through which ships pass, and the matters necessary for ship navigation safety. Except for port areas, the fairways officially existing along the Korean coast are divided into (1) three fairways within a specific area for traffic safety, (2) three fairways to which the traffic separation method is applied, and (3) 28 fairways announced by the Regional Office of Oceans and Fisheries. Of the total 34 official coastal fairways, the 21 fairways along the southern coast account for more than half. Of the 21 coastal fairways in the South Sea, the width of seven fairways can be clearly measured, and in this study, the remaining four official fairways were selected, except for the three fairways using the traffic separation method and located outside the main islands on the Southern Sea coast [20,21]. Table 1 shows the general status of the Wando Port access and crossing fairways, the Yeosu fairway in the specific traffic safety waters, the Masan fairway, and the Gadeok fairway. Wando Port entry and crossing fairways were established based on Article 31 of the Maritime Safety Act (designation of fairways). This is an area where fishing is prohibited, and installation of fishing gear, such as fishing nets, and dumping are prohibited. Ships sailing from east to west and ships passing north and south for entry and departure from Wando Port intersect here. The width of the fairway is the same, at 680 m in one direction, and the separation zone is formed in the same way at 300 m. The lowest water depth in the fairway is ~12.6 m, and the longest section of the fairway from east to west is ~13.5 km. The Yeosu Area on Traffic Safety Specific Waters was established based on Article 10 of the Maritime Safety Act (establishment of traffic safety specific sea area, etc.). Ship traffic control is enforced on the fairway, aquaculture is restricted, and prior permission is required for construction and work to be performed in the relevant sea area. It is a sea area where vessel navigation and maritime traffic are mainly managed; in particular, there is a reef on the right side of the middle of the fairway, so ships sailing to the North must avoid it. The lowest water depth in the fairway is ~20.2 m, and the longest section of the fairway is ~18.9 km. The Masan Fairway was established based on Article 31 (Designation of Fairways) of the Maritime Safety Act. This is also an area in which fishing is prohibited, and installation of fishing gear, such as fishing nets, and dumping are prohibited. The target sea area is a fairway that serves as a means of entry into the large trade ports such as Masan Port, Jinhae Port, Tongyeong Port, and Gohyeon Port, and many ships pass through. The width of the fairway is 800 m on the West Bound and 850 m on the East Bound, and the lowest water depth in the fairway is ~21.0 m. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**TSS Name** & **Width (m)** & **Width (m) by Bound** & **Depth (m)** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Wando Port Entry and Crossing} & \multirow{3}{*}{1660} & West Bound & 680 & \multirow{3}{*}{12.6} \\  & & East Bound & 680 & \\  & & Separation Zone & 300 & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Traffic Safety Specific Water ’Yeosu Area’} & \multirow{3}{*}{2000} & West Bound & 1120 & \multirow{3}{*}{20.2} \\  & & East Bound & 870 & \\  & & Separation Zone & 10 & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Masan} & \multirow{3}{*}{1660} & West Bound & 800 & \multirow{3}{*}{21.0} \\  & & East Bound & 850 & \\  & & Separation Zone & 10 & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Gadeok-sudo} & \multirow{3}{*}{1680} & North Bound & 900 & \multirow{3}{*}{20.3} \\  & & South Bound & 770 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & & Separation Zone & 10 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: General status of research fairways.