## 2 Materials and Methods
### Extract and Isolation  
The _T. aestivum_ hull was dried and weighed 4 kg after drying. The dried sample was extracted with methanol (3 \(\times\) 10 L) for 24 h at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to produce a methanol extract (79.2 g). It was dissolved in distilled water (2 L) and partitioned with _n_-hexane (3 \(\times\) 2 L), ethyl acetate (3 \(\times\) 2 L), and _n_-butanol (3 \(\times\) 2 L), sequentially. Each solvent fraction was evaporated in vacuo to obtain fractions of _n_-hexane (10.8 g), ethyl acetate (9.2 g), and _n_-butanol (10.6 g). The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to reversed-phase column chromatography (methanol/water, 1:1 to 9:1, _v/v_) to yield 10 fractions (F01-F10). Fraction F3 (310 mg) was chromatographed on a Sephack LH-20 using 100% methanol, resulting in the isolation of **1** (5.5 mg). Fraction F04 (1.2 g) was subjected to MPLC (40 g HP Silica; _n_-hexane/ethyl acetate; 0-100 min, 9:1 to 15:85; 100-180 min, 15:85 to 0:1, 30 mL/min) to obtain subfractions F4-1-F4-10. Subfraction F4-8 (50 mg) was separated by HPLC (acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%) in water, 45:55, 4 mL/min) to yield **7** (1.4 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 44.9 min), **5** (2.3 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 47.0 min), **6** (2.4 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 50.4 min), **4** (2.0 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 53.3 min), and a mixture fraction at _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 49.3 min. Further purification of the mixture fraction using HPLC (acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%) in water, 45:55, 1 mL/min) provided **8** (0.5 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 28.6 min). Fraction F5 (500 mg) was subjected to MPLC (12 g HP Silica; _n_-hexane/ethyl acetate; 0-20 min, 1:0 to 4:1; 20-50 min, 4:1 to 1:1; 50-60 min, 1:1 to 0:1, 30 mL/min) to obtain subfractions F5-1-F5-11. The combined subfractions F5-7 and F5-8 (20 mg) were subjected to HPLC (acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%) in water, 1:1, 4 mL/min), resulting in the isolation of **2** (1.5 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 30.9 min) and **3** (2.6 mg, _l\({}_{\text{R}}\)_ 32.2 min). Tricin **(1)**: Yellow powder. \({}^{1}\)H NMR spectrum (600 MHz, methanol-_d\({}_{\text{d}}\)_/acetone-_d\({}_{\text{6}}\)_, 1:1), see Figure S2. LR-ESIMS (positive ions) _m/z_ 331.1 [M + H]\({}^{+}\). Tricin **4\({}^{\prime}\)**-O**-[_three_-_g_-guiaacyl-(7\"-O-methyl-9\"-O-acetyl]-glyceryl] ether (**2**): Brown solid. [\(\alpha\)]\({}_{\text{D}}\)\({}^{20}\) - 1.1\({}^{\circ}\) (\(c\) 0.1, methanol). \({}^{1}\)H (600 MHz, methanol-_d\({}_{\text{4}}\)_ and acetone-_d\({}_{\text{6}}\)_) and \({}^{13}\)C (150 MHz, methanol-_d\({}_{\text{4}}\)_) NMR spectra, see Figures S3-S5. LR-ESIMS (positive ions) _m/z_ 583.2 [M + H]\({}^{+}\). Tricin **4\({}^{\prime}\)**-O**-[_erythro_-_g_-guiaacyl-(7\"-O-methyl-9\"-O-acetyl]-glyceryl] ether (**3**): Brown solid. [\(\alpha\)]\({}_{\text{D}}\)\({}^{20}\) + 1.2\({}^{\circ}\) (\(c\) 0.1, methanol). \({}^{1}\)H (600 MHz, methanol-_d\({}_{\text{4}}\)_ and acetone-_d\({}_{\text{6}}\)_) and \({}^{13}\)C (150 MHz, methanol-_d\({}_{\text{4}}\)_) NMR spectra, see Figures S3, S4, and S6. LR-ESIMS (positive ions) _m/z_ 583.2 [M + H]Tricin 4\({}^{\prime}\)-\(O\)-[_three_-\(\beta\)-guaiacyl-(9\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-\(O\)-acetyl)-glycerol] ether (4): Brown solid. [\(\alpha\)]\({}_{\rm D}\)\({}^{20}\) + 5.3\({}^{\circ}\) (\(c\) 0.1, methanol). \({}^{1}\)H (600 MHz, methanol-\(d_{4}\) and acetone-\(d_{6}\)) and \({}^{13}\)C (150 MHz, methanol-\(d_{4}\)) NMR spectra, see Figures S7 and S8. LR-ESIMS (positive ions) _m/z_ 569.2 [M + H]\({}^{+}\). Tricin 4\({}^{\prime}\)-\(O\)-[_three_-\(\beta\)-guaiacyl-(7\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-\(O\)-methyl)-glycerol] ether (5): Brown solid. [\(\alpha\)]\({}_{\rm D}\)\({}^{20}\)-1.6\({}^{\circ}\) (\(c\) 0.1, methanol). \({}^{1}\)H (600 MHz, methanol-\(d_{4}\) and acetone-\(d_{6}\)) and \({}^{13}\)C (150 MHz, methanol-\(d_{4}\)) NMR spectra, see Figures S9-S11. LR-ESIMS (positive ions) _m/z_ 541.2 [M + H]\({}^{+}\). Tricin 4\({}^{\prime}\)-\(O\)-[_erythro_-\(\beta\)-guaiacyl-(7\({}^{\prime\prime}\)-\(O\)-methyl)-glycer] ether (6): Brown solid.