# Protection of Oats against _Puccinia_ and _Drechslera_ Fungi in Various Meteorological Conditions
## 3 Results
* average % of infested area of leaf blades of F and F1 leaves; 2 rates: aoxystrobin, 250 g k ha-1, epoxiconazole, 125 g k ha-1, prooxystrobin, 250 g k ha-1, and tebuconazole, 250 g k-1,3 naked variety. In 2012, the weather conditions for the development of oat plants were unfavorable (IV-VII months). The value of the Sielianinow coefficient ranged from 0.7 to 1.1 (very dry-slightly dry). The stress conditions that occurred allowed the pathogen to develop intensively. The average level of infection of the control objects of the analyzed varieties was measured at 12.52%. In 2013, the highest infection with \(D\). _avenae_ was recorded in plants of the Maczo variety from the control site, at 17.25% of the leaf blade area (Table 4). In the case of the other varieties, the infection ranged from 4.6 to 11.6%. The obtained values of infection with \(D\). _avenae_ differed statistically significantly between the varieties. The disease was most effectively controlled via the use of fungicides from the strobilurins chemical group. In the Maczo variety, picoxystrobin reduced the infection by 96.7%; in the remaining varieties, it did so by 83.2-85.6%. Azoxystrobin used in the Arab, Arden, and Breton varieties reduced the infection by 95.3%, 93.3%, and 95.3%, respectively. The lowest effectiveness in reducing paralysis after the use of tebuconazole was in the Arab and Arden varieties, at 77.8%, 67.9%, and 77.8%, respectively. In 2013, the weather conditions for the development of oats plants were moderately optimal (IV-VII months). The value of the Sielianinow coefficient ranged from 0.7 to 1.9 (very dry-slightly humid). The conditions prevailing in the critical developmental stages of oats were favorable for their development and also for the development of \(D\). _avenae_. The average level of infection of the control objects for the analyzed varieties was measured at 10.33%. In 2014, symptoms of helmitosporiosis were found in 5.56-11.31% of the infected leaf blade area in plants growing in the control plots. The highest effectiveness in reducing oat helmitosporiosis was achieved with the Bingo variety and tebuconazole--84.3%. In the case of other varieties, the effectiveness ranged from 42.8 to 71.9%. The use of picoxystrobin reduced leaf infection in the Arab, Arden, Bingo, Breton, and Maczo cultivars by 55.8%, 75.0%, 66.7%, 69.7%, and 63.9%, respectively. The lowest effectiveness was obtained after the use of azoxystrobin in the Bingo variety, at 33.7%. In 2014, the weather conditions for the development of oats plants were unusual (IV-VII months). The value of the Sielianinow coefficient ranged from 0.8 to 2.8 (dry-very humid). Weather conditions during the season were characterized by a lack of humidity, except for May, when a high amount of precipitation was recorded, which was reflected in a high value of the Sielianinow coefficient (2.8). During the development of the oat flag leaf, conditions were favorable for the development of the pathogen. The average level of infection of the control objects for the analyzed varieties was measured at 8.27%. In 2015, the infection of the leaf surface in control plants with \(D\). _avenae_ ranged from 4.63 to 10.0%. The lowest infection was recorded in the Bingo variety, and the highest, as in 2012-2013, was in the Maczo variety. The use of fungicides from the triazole and strobilurin groups reduced the infection by 41.0-78.4% and 25.0-86.5%. The highest effectiveness was obtained after the use of azoxystrobin in the Arab and Maczo varieties, at 88.3% and 85.6%, versus the Arden, Bingo, and Breton at 25.0-67.6%. The application of azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin in the Arden oat variety reduced the severity of helmitosporiosis less compared to the other substances (25.0% and 34.2%). A similar tendency was found after the use of azoxystrobin in the Bingo variety (67.6%). Epoxiconazole and tebuconazole in the Bingo variety inhibited the development of the disease in leaves less strongly.