###### Abstract
The emphasis is thus on prevention because controlling and monitoring hydrocarbon-polluted soil involves high costs, materials, and long recovery time [6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. Expert analysis found that germination, growth, aerial, root and total biomass and nodule number of crop plants were reduced in TPH-contaminated soil [14]. The effects of hydrocarbon pollution include liver necrosis congestion and fat degeneration in humans [15; 16; 17], and the effect on animals includes kidney necrosis, digestive tract blockage and death [18]. Previous studies concluded that hydrocarbons inhibited microbial biomass. The greatest negative effect in this respect has been observed in gasoline-polluted sandy soil [19]. Changes have also been reported in the microstructure of soil particles such that the pore diameter of soil particles increases, particle edges become deformed, and clay microaggregates lose their compactness when polluted with petroleum substances [20]. Soil acts as a natural filter against contaminants reaching the ground [21]; thus, with soil contamination by petroleum-derived substances, contaminated subsurface environments can form [22], the presence of which has been reported especially in overcrowded metropolitan areas and especially around industrial facilities and areas where oil and gas are obtained [23]. Soil contamination with petroleum-derived substances leads to changes in soil properties soil physicochemical and biological composition that can result in water and oxygen deficiency and decreased available nitrogen and phosphorus resources [24]. Thus, the productivity of contaminated soils diminishes, and losses can become significant, especially where the soil nutrient content is not high, as the degrading effect of petroleum-derived compounds in soils creates severe nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies and disturbs the water balance and biological equilibrium. Once petroleum substances enter the soil, salinity increases, and following hydrocarbon pollution, soils become more compacted and soil permeability is affected. It has also been found that contaminated soils have imbalanced C and N ratios, which affects soil chemical properties and enzymes. This article's main goal is to showcase successful bioremediation techniques for oil-polluted soils in a few locations in NE Romania. Initially, 695 oil extraction wells in NW Romania were mapped thoroughly, including active and inactive wells. The following step included collecting soil profiles at the well columns and other surrounding places and calculating the concentrations of all petroleum hydrocarbons. Testing the use of GIS spatial interpolation techniques to determine theoretical concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil was the third objective of the study. The ultimate goal was to put contaminated soils through several stages of bioremediation and analyze the time, substrates, and mechanical operations needed to achieve these values. Because bioremediation is a technology that is fundamentally interdisciplinary, the discussion on bioremediation of contaminated soils is extensive. It involves a variety of viewpoints on both conventional and novel monitoring approaches, as well as comments from various experts and funding sources. The type and degree of contamination, the properties of the soil, and the regulatory requirements all play a role in deciding which bioremediation technique to choose. To choose the best strategy for a particular polluted site, site evaluations and feasibility studies are essential. The choice of this study derives from the desire to identify the most reliable way of managing polluted soils following oil exploitation to draw attention to both the negative impact of oil exploitation on environmental components and to highlight positive examples of returning land to agricultural use.