###### Abstract
The results of this study demonstrated that by using different hub heights of wind turbines, power generation increased (compared with a wind farm having the same number of turbines). [PERSON] et al. [44] proposed a novel method called definite point selection (DPS) that could find the optimum placement of turbines. The DPS method was approved to be more effective than the earlier proposed methods. [PERSON] et al. [22] presented a 2D analytical wake effect model based on the [PERSON]'s wake model and Gaussian function. In this study, wind farm efficiency dropped to 77.83% from 96.83% for a collection of 38 wind turbines within a large wind farm. [PERSON] et al. [45] addressed more complex wind farm boundaries by which a new constraint handling method was introduced. This study stated that the unrestricted coordinate method, under the sequential land plot scenario, generates optimal outcomes, with the lowest energy cost and highest efficiency. [PERSON] et al. [46] used the Gaussian wake model to calculate wind speed loss. In this study, the cost of energy was optimized by the genetic algorithm. They asserted that the use of a more robust wake model in the WFLO problem did not lead to greater efficiency in real wind farm cases. [PERSON] et al. [47] adopted a conceptual 2D wake model to calculate wind losses caused by the wake effect. In this study, the cost of energy (COE) was used as a criterion to compare the effectiveness of this novel method. The results indicated that the optimization method used in this study can reduce the COE down to 1.02 HK5/kWh. [PERSON] et al. [48] studied the effect of height optimization of turbines on the annual energy production (AEP). In this study, they compared two wind farms with an equal number of turbines (also similar types and positions). In one wind farm, all turbine heights were identical, while the other one had alternating rows of tall and short wind turbines. The results exhibited that the vertically staggered configuration generated more power output by 5.4%. [PERSON] et al. [49] proposed an optimization technique for offshore wind farms. In this study, they attempted to find the optimized layout of turbines in order to achieve maximized power generation. The PSO algorithm with multiple adaptive methods (PSO-MAM) was used as an optimization algorithm. The results of this study indicated that the aforementioned method can suggest a layout that increases the power output by 3.84%. [PERSON] et al. [50] investigated the optimal tip speed ratio and pitch angle for wind turbines by an exhaustive search (a brute-force search). A solution for this problem was introduced considering the estimation error of the wake model, which was to yield the optimal control curves for each wind turbine. In that study, the annual energy production was increased by 1.03%. [PERSON] et al. [51] studied the effect of using different hub heights on the total power generation of a wind farm. They presented a mathematical model for wake effects considering wind turbines with different hub heights as well as a new optimization model. [PERSON] et al. [52] aimed to optimize a wind farm layout by the binary real coded genetic algorithm (BRCGA) based on a local search (LS), gathering robust single wake models with suitable wake interaction modeling. The model used in this study was the Jensen wake model alongside the sum of squares model. [PERSON] et al. [53] introduced a new technique for wind farm layout problems using the Gaussian wake model. This methodology was applied to two real wind farms and was also compared with the Jensen model. [PERSON] et al. [54] optimized some wind farms using a coupled optimization method. The coupled optimization led to a reduction in the cost of energy by 2-5% compared to sequentially optimization of wind farms with turbine spacing of 8.5-11 rotor diameters. Some of the wind farms in that study also exhibited an additional 10% reduction of energy costs. [PERSON] et al. [55] compared several wake effect models using analytical and CFD methods for a wind farm at Block Island.