# A CIOS Analysis for the Promotion of Sustainable Plans of Mobility: The Case of Mexico City
## 3 Results
### Representation Phase
#### 3.1.1 System's Explanation
* There is no integrated vision of the mobility subject in Mexico City: fragmentation prevails between the different modes of transport. This is compounded by the lack of a metropolitan perspective, which fails to understand Mexico City and its suburbs municipalities as a single system of mobility. In reality, the city's mobility policies are delinked from territorial occupancy policies and programs of land use [67]. * There is no comprehensive traffic management aimed at giving fluidity and safety to the displacement of different transport modes and users. The city's cycling infrastructure is scarce, disconnected, and concentrated in the city's central areas [67]. * It is estimated that 101 trains (out of 390 trains in total) of the \"Metro\" mass transit system are out of operation, while their failures are continuous. Only in 2017 there were 22.195 systems failures, generating delays to millions of people a year [67]. The electrical transport system (trolleybuses and light rails) has a more acute crisis. Its 300 trolleybuses exceed 20 years of useful life, its fleet has been reduced by 12% since 2017, and only 63% of the remaining trolleybuses is in operation. In addition, a third of the light rail fleet is out of operation for a variety of reasons [67]. Furthermore, the City's Passengers Transport Network (RTP in Spanish) acquired new units in the last two years, nevertheless, 27% of its public service fleet is out of operation. Only the Metrobus (Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system) has received investment for its expansion, but 7% of its fleet is in maintenance and has saturation problems that reduce the quality of travel [67]. * There are limited cases of established policies related to inter-modality such as park and ride, park and bike, etc., or are concentrated to the central areas of the city [67]. * It can be observed, an absence of the necessary socio-economic motives in order to establish push and pull policies and change the actual transportation paradigm from the motorized private vehicles towards public and non-motorized transportation [64]. * There are difficulties in traffic regulations concerning the territorial displacement of micromobility vehicles, such as e-scooters, hoverboards, and the connectivity of them with more \"traditional\" sustainable mobility modes, such as bicycles [62]. * The main driving policy (until now) is that of economic growth instead of policies oriented towards social aspects and development [52]. * Nowadays, there is a potentially extraordinary political shift for Mexico, with the election of President [PERSON] in 2019, and the new government's efforts to move from a transportation paradigm to a mobility one via the sustainable plan of mobility. The aforementioned Federal government of Mexico, along with the government of Mexico City, proposed a SUMP with its associated strategies, policies, and lines of actions (Figure 3) in order to neutralize the actual problematic situation in terms of mobility, and to support the new mobility paradigm. The plan is based upon three strategic axes that are called integrate, improve, and protect, respectively. The integrate strategic axis consists of the following public policies:  
1. integration of public transportation systems; the focal point of this policy is based upon the unification of all the public transport services managed by the government of Mexico City into a single prepaid system. The network will count with a unified image, a single map and optimized connections between mass transit stations;
2. expansion of the mass transport network coverage; this policy is oriented toward an increase in the mass transit network managed by the government of Mexico City and the construction of the cable bus transportation system;
3. integral reform of concession transport; this policy is aimed at the improvement of concession transport (mini-buses, vans, mini-vans) and the level of service provided by this kind of transportation modes.