# Olive Oil with Ozone-Modified Properties and Its Application
###### Abstract  
Olive oil application in the cosmetic industry may be extended by its oxzonation, bringing about new oil properties and increased stability. Olive oil treated with 0.04 mole O\({}_{3}\) or 0.10 mole O\({}_{3}\) per 100 g oil was subjected to chemical parameters evaluation and composition scrutinizing by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) GC-MS analysis. The biological activity of refined and oxzonated oil included their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion method and cytotoxicity by the MTT assay towards two normal (LLC-PK1, HaCaT) and two cancerous (Caco-2, HeLa) cell lines. The oils served as the basis in cosmetic emulsions. The chosen organoletic features, preservative efficacy in a challenge test, and persistency during six months of these formulations were assessed. However, the oxzonation of the olive oil resulted in a decrease in unsaturated acids; several additional compounds were detected in the oxzonated oil, which positively affect the physicochemical, sensory, and functional properties of cosmetic emulsions. Emulsions based on the oxzonated olive oil retain their properties longer compared to emulsions based on the refined olive oil. Oxzonated oil treated with 0.10 mole O\({}_{3}\)/100 g oil allowed increasing the shelf life of the non-preserved formulation up to six months. A weak inhibitory effect against _Candidata albicans_ and _Asepergillus brasiliensis_ was also demonstrated for this emulsion in the challenge test. Moreover, an interesting aroma, slightly enhanced antimicrobial activity against _Escherichia coli_, _Staphylococcus aureus_, _C. albicans_, _A. brasiliensis_, and a lack of cytotoxicity at concentrations 625 \(\upmu\)g mL\({}^{-1}\) make the oxzonated olive oil a promising raw material for the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. ozonated olive oil; cosmetic emulsions; stability; antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity +
Footnote †: journal: _Article_  
Olive Oil with Ozone-Modified Properties and Its Application  
Footnote †: journal: _Article_  
that yields peroxides, aldehydes, and ozonides, which are considered to be responsible for an enhancement of ozonated oil biological activity. These compounds' amounts and ratio depend inter alia on the time of ozonation, the temperature of the process, and the type of reactor [2,3]. The ozonated olive oil is shown to express an antibacterial activity against _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Escherichia coli_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _Bacillus subtilis_. Moreover, an increase in the antibacterial activity of ozonated oil with the increase of the peroxide number is observed [3]. Ozonated olive oil has already been successfully used in the treatment of several skin diseases and hypersensitivity, such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, ichthyosis, psoriasis, acne, chafes, pressure ulcers, blisters caused by insect bites, first-degree burns, a diabetic foot, as well as in skin care after laser therapy, surgery, and sunburn. It was found to be a good therapeutic agent in the treatment of asthma, gastrointestinal ulcers, and as a laxative in intestinal infections, including the ones caused by _Giardia lamblia_. Recent reports indicate that ozonated olive oil relieves in infections caused by human pinworms, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and fungi _Candida_ sp. [4]. It is also used in adjuvant treatment in orthopaedics and traumatology of organs movement. The ozonated olive oil is used topically on the skin [4,5] or as a component of formulations such as emulsions, ointments, and creams, which are easier to apply. The cosmetic industry increasingly uses the ozonated olive oil in creams and balms produced for the retail trade and the professional aesthetic medicine. High stability, a constant peroxide number, no trace of foreign smells, or changes in the structure for at least six months are the advantages of this oil over others. Furthermore, the production of ozone oil is neither expensive nor tedious [1,2,4,6,7].