## 2 Related Works
The authors of [20] used the model to develop a meaningful interaction structure that provides tools to improve the quality of learning and provides opportunities for feedback. In [22], the author describes the methodology and the process of developing an educational ontology, the elements included in it, as well as the process of its evaluation. The ontology is designed to be easily portable and reusable for any curriculum and course. In the article, the authors focused on developing an integrated learning ontology that conceptualises multi-level knowledge structures, such as curriculum, programme, subject and materials. The report has detailed the developed curriculum ontology. In addition, the authors propose a method for integrating and classifying curricula based on the definition of the semantic model of curricula. This approach promotes the adaptive consistency of concepts and the exchange of curricula [23]. The article describes the design of individual educational trajectories of students based on the educational thesaurus [24]. The proposed method supports a set of generally accepted concepts in the field of student education, ensuring the correct organisation of training of various groups of students. The application model combines three disciplines in a conceptual framework that confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Paper [25] presents a semantic recommendation system for educational resources based on the semantic network and pedagogy. To describe the domain knowledge's structure, a domain ontology is created in this system [25]. All resources and user portfolios are described using ontology technology and resource description structure to support semantic inference. The authors of [26] demonstrate the process of improving semantic learning resources by creating a new ontology and a prototype of their placement system. The developed ontology is based on a metadata profile created by the recommendations developed by the Singapore Structure for Dublin Core application profiles [26]. Article [27] proposes and implements the structure of the intellectual ecosystem of e-learning using ontology and SWRL. A new direction is introduced. It contributes to the creation of four separate ontologies of a personalised complete training package, consisting of a learner's model and all components of the learning process (learning objects, learning activities, and teaching methods). In [28], the application of many online MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) around the world is pointed out. The number of registered MOOCs students has increased rapidly, along with the number of online courses offered. Most universities face two problems: (1) The inability to introduce an association between the formal and informal systems due to the heterogeneity of the platforms used, and (2) Not being able to apply student feedback in informal learning to examine a student's profile. After all, educational platforms contain a lot of data stored in various formats. To get access to an overview of all the data, it is necessary to collect and combine them into one solid system. The authors of [29] consider contract fraud as a form of academic misconduct in which students delegate evaluation functions to third parties, thereby causing concern among educators. Since detection systems are ineffective, when contract fraud is detected, some schools turn to control systems that have been sharply criticised but are expensive for student and teacher organisations [29], for example, Deep Speaker. It is a speaker identification and verification system that can check with high accuracy whether two audio samples resemble the voice of the same person. This article presents an innovative tool combining the online oral assessment tool Real Talk with Deep Speaker. This proposed system facilitates lengthy discussions between students and teachers, while providing long-term verification of student identity with minimal cost and impact on educational institutions. In the knowledge base, ontologies are essential resources for many applications.