###### Abstract  
The objective of this study was to monitor the training loads (TL) and well-being of elite rhythmic gymnastics (RG) athletes, as well as compare these variables between starters and reserve gymnasts during 25 weeks of training. Ten athletes from the Brazilian national RG team (17.4 \(\pm\) 1.1 y of age) were monitored during the general preparatory period (GPP), specific preparatory period (SPP), and pre-competitive period (PCP). The internal TL was quantified with the use ofessional ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE). We assessed well-being daily with a well-being scale. The TL duration, monotony, and strain were calculated weekly. We found that the internal TL and session durations were 9242 \(\pm\) 2511 AU and 2014 \(\pm\) 450 min, respectively. The internal TL, strain, and monotony were greater in the PCP than in the GPP and SPP for starters. In the SPP, there were statistical differences in internal TL (\(p\) = 0.036) and strain (\(p\) = 0.027) between starters and reserves. In the PCP, there were also statistical differences between starters vs. reserves athletes regarding internal TL (\(p\) = 0.027) and strain (\(p\) = 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in well-being between the periods assessed. In conclusion, RG athletes display a higher TL magnitude during the PCP, whereas only reporting non-significant minor variations in well-being. In addition, there is a discrepancy in the TL between starters and reserves. s 2022 10, 192. [[https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10120192](https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10120192)]([https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10120192](https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10120192)) Issue 1 the relationship between training load, performance, and injury risk would provide a stronger case for monitoring TL in this population [10]. A recent study [11] conducted with coaches, medical staff, and gymnasts from 25 countries showed that external TL (i.e., the physical work performed during training) in RG was often calculated by the total number of repetitions and training duration. The authors concluded that the internal TL (i.e., psychophysiological response) was usually estimated through the coach's perception of an athlete's effort [11]. Moreover, half of the coaches perceived poor TL management in the modality [10], highlighting that further investigations on tools for better distribution of TL in the modality should be carried out. [PERSON] et al. [12] analyzed an entire season of elite RG athletes and found high training loads (TLs) (10,381 \(\pm\) 4894 Arbitrary Units (AU)), especially during the competitive period (13,391 \(\pm\) 3392 AU). The higher TLs experienced in the competitive period can affect an athlete's physical and psychological well-being, potentially leading to higher overall fatigue and increased injury risk [13]. As a result, it may be warranted to monitor the well-being of RG athletes as indicators of overreaching that are associated with mood, sleep, and stress disorders can easily be quantified by these scales [13]. This monitoring may assist coaches in their decision-making processes to minimize the risk of injuries and improve performance. To the best of our knowledge, the general well-being of young gymnasts was evaluated in only one study during six weeks of training with different TL, and the authors found no differences in the athletes' general well-being over this period [14]. Another potential consideration is that there may be differences in the programmed TL and wellness scores between starters and reserves. According to [PERSON] et al. [15], during the competitive period before the 2016 Olympic Games, four starters out of six gymnasts from a team suffered overuse injuries over 126 days. This finding points to a complex scenario as the substitution of starter athletes tends to change the collective performance, with each athlete having a specific role in the group's performance [16]. Furthermore, according to [PERSON] et al.