## Materials and Methods
### Methods
#### 2.2.2 Chemical Analysis  
All chemical analyses were conducted in triplicate for each sample run. In the study, picric acid and inlamarin (Sigma-Aldrich St. Louis, MO, USA), sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, L-ascorbic acid (VWR chemicals, Leuven, Belgium), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, metaphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, and perchloric acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade and were used following each method described below.  
The moisture content was measured according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) [31] and the ash content was measured by placing the oven-dried samples in a muffle furnace, as described in AOAC [31]. The total cyanide was measured after blanching and drying using the picrate paper kits method as described by [PERSON], et al. [32]. Linamarase was isolated following the method described by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [33].  
Vitamin C analysis was determined after blanching and drying according to the method of [PERSON], et al. [34] by using High-performance liquid chromatography HPLC (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Cassava leaf (1 g of fresh or 0.5 g of dried) samples were placed in a small mortar and 5 mL of extraction solution, 10% (\(w/v\)) perchloric acid with 1% (\(w/v\)) meta-phosphoric acid, were added. The samples were crushed for 2 min, then 15 mL of extraction solution were added, and the mixture was left standing for 10 min. The samples were centrifuged (Sorvall RC6 superspeed centrifuge, Kendro Co., Hanau, Germany) for 10 min at 4 \({}^{\circ}\)C at a speed of 15,000 rpm and were then filtered through a 0.45 \(\upmu\)m Nylon membrane. The standard curve was prepared from L-ascorbic acid (Chem-supply Pty Ltd., Port Adelaide Enfield, Australia) diluted with the mobile phase (Figure 11). The HPLC peaks were separated by 250 \(\times\) 4.6 mm columns Luna 5u C18(2) 100A (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA). The mobile phase was 20 mM of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 0.015% (\(w/v\)) m-phosphoric acid in HPLC water that was adjusted to a pH of 3.5 with 10 mol\({}^{-1}\) L of NaOH. The mobile phase was set at a flow rate of 0.6 mL per min and ran constantly for 20 min. The quantification of the ascorbic acid components was performed at 254 nm.  
The crude protein content was analysed by the [PERSON] analysis system (Vapodest 500, C. Gerhardt GmbH & Co. KG, Konigswinter, Germany). The crude fiber content of the samples was measured following the method described by the AOAC [31] official method 962.09 using an automated fiber analysis system (FibreBag Analysis System FBS6, Gerhardt GmbH & Co. KG., Konigswinter, Germany).  
The CIELAB values including darkness/lightness (\(L^{*}\)), red-green color (\(a^{*}\)), and yellow-blue color (\(b^{*}\)) values of dried samples were measured using a color meter (CM-600d Spectrophotometer, Konica Minolta, Tokyo, Japan). The hue value (\(h^{\circ}\)) and chroma (\(C^{*}\)) were calculated as described by [PERSON], et al. [35] as indicated below:  
\[h^{\circ}=tan^{-1}\bigg{(}\frac{b^{*}}{a^{*}}\bigg{)} \tag{1}\]  
\[C^{*}=\sqrt{(b^{*2}+a^{*2})} \tag{2}\]  
The total color changes with respect to dried untreated leaves (\(\Delta E\)) were calculated as described by [PERSON], et al. [36] as follows:\[\Delta E=\sqrt{\Delta L^{*2}+\Delta a^{*2}+\Delta b^{*2}} \tag{3}\]