### System Planning and Configuration
#### 2.2.2 System Configuration Process and Method
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline  & **Type** & **Characteristic** & **Applicable Scenario** & **Ratio** \\ \hline Installation location & Roof PV & High space utilization, low transmission loss, and limited by structure and direction, which affects aesthetics. & A scene with ample roof space. & 88\% \\  & Facade PV & Save space, enhance aesthetics, but with relatively low efficiency and high cost. & Suitable for scenarios that require the aesthetic appearance of a building. & 12\% \\  & Building-Applied Photovoltaic (BAPV) & High flexibility, low cost, and impact on aesthetics and safety. & A scene of architectural renovation with ample space. & 57\% \\  & Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) & High efficiency, high cost, difficult maintenance, and improved aesthetics. & New building, pursuing aesthetic and applicability scenarios. & 43\% \\  & & High efficiency, long lifespan, and temperature sensitivity. The initial module efficiency ranges from 18\% to 22\%, with a lifespan of 25–30 years, and an average attenuation rate of 0.4\% to 0.6\%. & Efficiency scenario. & 73\% \\  & Mono-Si PV & Mono-Si PV & High efficiency, long lifespan, and temperature sensitivity. The initial module efficiency ranges from 18\% to 22\%, with a lifespan of 25–30 years, and an average attenuation rate of 0.4\% to 0.6\%. & Low cost, efficiency, and spatial efficiency with initial module efficiencies of 15\% to 18\%, a lifespan of 25–30 years, and an annual average attenuation rate of 0.5\% to 0.8\%. & Cost-sensitive scenario. & 16\% \\  & & Low cost, high flexibility, good response, low efficiency (10\% to 13\%), and short life. The initial module efficiency is approximately 10\% to 13\%, a lifespan of 20 to 25 years, and an annual average attenuation rate of 0.4\% to 1\%. & Nonstandard surface; Weak light scenes with weak lighting. & 11\% with weak lighting. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Common PV installation location, system form, component type, characteristic, scenario and ratio. 1. Load calculation. Assess the load, photovoltaic, and energy storage characteristics to select transformer types and determine their capacity and number, considering reserve capacity and load rates. 2. Interaction power calculation. Calculate the interaction power of the building's grid to choose AC/DC converters. Urban office and commercial buildings typically base this on the daily power purchased from the grid, while rural buildings use typical photovoltaic output [10; 11; 12]. 3. DC/DC Converter Configuration. Determine the type and capacity of each DC/DC converter based on DC load power and bus voltage, while factoring in system topology and conversion efficiency. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Type** & **Characteristic** & **Applicable Scenarios** & **Ratio** \\ \hline Lithium iron & High energy density, long cycle life, and high safety, but relatively high cost and poor high-temperature performance. & Energy-based energy storage scenarios include photovoltaic, peak shaving and valley filling, and load balancing on the grid. & 52\% \\ Lithium titanate battery & High cycle life, high-temperature performance, high charging and discharging rate, good safety, but low energy density and high cost. & Participate in power-based energy storage scenarios such as peak shaving and frequency regulation. & 24\% \\ Lead-acid battery & Low cost, mature technology, easy maintenance and recycling, but low energy density and relatively short cycle life. & Large-capacity energy storage scenarios, such as backup power supply, balancing grid load, and reducing costs. & 6\% \\ Lead carbon battery & High energy density and long cycle life, but low technological maturity. & High cycle life, deep cycle discharge, and other scenarios. & 6\% \\ Other & - & - & 12\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Common characteristics and application scenarios of electrochemical energy storage types.