# Voltage Optimization in PV-Rich Distribution Networks--A Review
###### Abstract
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline
**Review Paper** & **Year** & **Focused Topics** & **Prosumer** & **Notes** \\ \hline
[10] & 2016 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Impact of distributed generation \\ (DG) on voltage control on DNs \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Reviewed voltage control with DG with a focus on smart network \\ technologies—demand side management \\ (DSM) and energy storage systems (ESS) \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[11] & 2016 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} PV impact on DNs including voltage \\ regulation issues, harmonic, and \\ islanding operation \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Reviewed issues caused by PV penetration \\ in DN insight voltage regulation, harmonic, and \\ and islanding operation, and proposed \\ technical solution \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[14] & 2017 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Distributed and decentralized \\ voltage control in smart DNs \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Reviewed smart DNs according to \\ communication systems, control models, \\ and methods \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[16] & 2017 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Application of OPF in smart DNs \\ and microgrids \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Reviewed OPF according to objectives, \\ constraints, methods, and challenges \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[12] & 2018 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Mitigation methods for voltage \\ regulation in DNs with PV \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Discussed ESS strategies, active power \\ curtailment-based strategies, and reactive \\ power control strategies \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[13] & 2020 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Mitigation methods for voltage \\ violation in DNs with PV systems \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Presented different mitigation methods for \\ voltage regulation in DNs and their merits \\ and shortcomings \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
[15] & 2022 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Probabilistic OPF in active DNs \\ \end{tabular} & Yes &
\begin{tabular}{c} Scientometric review of OPF in active \\ DNs—characteristics and challenges \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Related review papers on the optimization of DNs. Comparison of the used mathematical formulations of the OPFs and their connections to analytical or computational intelligence solution methods. * Review of the different DN examples that are used for testing the developed optimization solutions. This paper aims to provide the readers with starting points for OPF applications in PV-rich DNs and, in some way, to compare with conventional OPF. Therefore, the authors searched several bibliographical databases--IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and MDPI. The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 gives a prosumer definition, describes the voltage control capabilities of PV inverter, and presents the case study that illustrates the impact of PVs on the DN voltages. Section 3 addresses OPF in PV-rich DN--objectives and variables. OPF formulation and solution methods are discussed in Section 4. Test network models used in the literature are presented in Section 4. Conclusions with a note on future research are given in Section 5.