## 3 Results and Discussion
### Microscopic Characterization
#### 3.2.1 Iron Samples  
Sample 1 (Figure 3a) appears clean and without crust due to the restoration. The color took on a rust-colored hue and the find was characterized by significant microstructural differences between the two sides: one part was smooth and non-porous surface, while the rear side has a scoriaceous surface (with high porosity) and is dark-colored.  
Figure 3b represents sample 5. The external area is compact without porosity with an increase in the nucleation of crystals with a very fine size probably due to s metal compaction during hammering [40]. The highly elongated granules due to the deformations induced by the hammering process that flattens crystals and inclusions show elongation in the external areas, where the crystalline grain appears small and strongly elongated. The presence of fractures is filleted by alteration pores with a darker color. In addition, the external area was characterized by a rounded edge and presented a more uniform appearance of a rusty red color, probably due to iron oxides. If the metal undergoes annealing after plastic deformation, the internal structural tensions are removed, and new grains grow with regular shape [41]. If the metallic sample is produced through melting and casting processes, during the cooling phase, micro-crystals form inside the liquid mass and around these, by growth, other atoms are added that involve the formation of large crystal grains [42].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**ID sample** & **Length** & **Width** & **Thickness** & **Material** & **Origin** \\ \hline
1 & 8 & 7 & 2 & Iron & Wheels \\
3 & 8 & 4 & 1 & Bronze & Pair ring \\
5 & 5 & 8 & 2 & Iron & Axle \\
8 & 12 & 9 & 3 & Iron & Wheels \\
10 & 9 & 8 & 6 & Iron & Axle \\
13 & 9 & 11 & 1 & Bronze & Hubcaps \\
16 & 7 & 15 & 1 & Bronze & Hubcaps \\
20 & 5 & 10 & 1 & Bronze & Hubcaps \\
25 & 6 & 6 & 1 & Bronze & Hubcaps \\
32 & 26 & 8 & 2 & Iron & Wheels \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: List of the analyzed fragments shown in the columns in order: ID of the samples, length, width, thickness, material, and origin. Dimensions were measured in millimeters.  
Figure 3: Photos of the front and back of the samples observed by the stereomicroscope: (**a**) sample 1; (**b**) sample 5; (**c**) sample 13; (**d**) sample 16; (**e**) sample 20; (**f**) sample 25; (**g**) sample 3; (**h**) sample 8; (**i**) sample 10; (**j**) sample 32.  
Sample 8 was characterized by the presence of green shades. The entire surface appeared to be of a rather dark rust color, tending to black, with a few exceptions that vary towards red-orange. The massive external part presents a strong iso-orientation and slight stratification; while the internal part has a granular appearance, probably due to the occurrence of gangue. It seems slightly slag-like in appearance due to the greater porosity (Figure 3g).  
Sample 10 (Figure 3h) shows an irregular surface and rust color, presenting a slight stratification and variable percentage of macro-porosity. Locally it assumes a slightly scoriaceous appearance.  
Sample 32 (Figure 3i) shows a dark color with some orange speckles, and it is rather irregular.