## 3 Results and Discussion
### Chemical Composition and Internal Structure of Samples  
Regarding chemical composition, previous studies [9; 14] have highlighted the high antioxidant properties of _Tradescantia fluminensis_ extracts. The substantial total phenolic and anthocyanin content in these extracts underscores their potential applications in the agro-alimentary and pharmaceutical industries. For handsheet production, the resulting papers were tested at the Scientific and Technical Research Assistance Center (CACTI) of the University of Vigo, located at the As Lagoas Campus in Vigo. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to obtain images of the internal structure and to perform compositional analysis. All handsheets were produced without the addition of chemical substances to the pulp mixture. Handsheets composed entirely (100%) of _Tradescantia fluminensis_ (Figure 6) were found to primarily consist of calcium (Ca), carbon (C), and oxygen (O). Conversely, handsheets made entirely of commercial bleached Eucalyptus pulp contained carbon (C), oxygen (O), magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), aluminum (Al), and phosphorus (P), as illustrated in Figure 7. Figures 8 and 9 show the variations in chemical composition observed when altering the proportions of commercial bleached pulp and unlabeled _Tradescantia fluminensis_ pulp in the paper mixture. Figure 5: Test sheets performed with different proportions of _Tradescantia fluminensis_ and commercial pulp of eucalyptus. From top left (100% Tr.fl) to bottom right (100% C.p), intervals of 90—70—50—30—10. Figure 6: Spectrum of the chemical composition of paper made from 100% unbleached _Tradescantia fluminensis_ pulp. Obtained via SEM visualization. Figure 7: Spectrum of the chemical composition of paper made from 100% commercial bleached Eucalyptus pulp. Obtained via SEM visualization. Previous studies [16] conducted on raw _Tradescantia fluminensis_ material revealed that the internal structure of the handsheets was composed primarily of linkages rather than fibers. This unique structural characteristic imparted enhanced air resistance properties to the sheets, as observed during testing. In contrast, handsheets produced entirely from commercial bleached eucalyptus pulp, refined for 2 min using a PFI mill, were composed of long, thin fibers, as shown in Figure 10. Depending on the raw material composition of _Tradescantia fluminensis_--whether it contained a higher proportion of stems or leaves--the handsheet structure exhibited slight variations. Specifically, sheets derived from stem-rich material demonstrated a higher  
Figure 8: Oxygen and Carbon content variation in handsheets when introducing unbleached pulp of Tradescantia into the mixture. The proportions of pulp mixture of Tradescantia and commercial pulp vary from 10 to 90% and 100% of tradescantia and 100% of commercial pulp. Figure 9: Chemical content variation in handsheets when introducing unbleached pulp of Tradescantia in the mixture. Proportions of pulp mixture of Tradescantia and commercial pulp vary from 10 to 90% and 100% of tradescantia and 100% of commercial pulp. content of linkages, while leaf-rich material resulted in a greater fiber content, as illustrated in Figure 10.  
As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the internal structure of the handsheets changes significantly depending on the proportion of the samples tested. Specifically, as the proportion of unbleached Tradescantia pulp increases, there is a noticeable decrease in fiber content and a corresponding increase in the linkages comprising the paper sheet. Optical and morphological properties were examined using a JEOL (Tokyo, Japan) 6100 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It is evident that variations in sample composition have a substantial impact on both the morphological and mechanical properties of the handsheets. Figure 11: Electron microscope ampliations at \(\times\)250 of paper made from different proportions of commercial pulp and tradescantia pulp mixture.