# Design of Man-Machine Synergic Lunar Coring Device and Its Coring Dynamic Analysis
## 1 Introduction  
The moon is the closest extraterrestrial celestial body to the Earth, with abundant mineral resources, and has been the first stop for human deep space exploration. The study of lunar geology can provide insight into the formation and evolution of the moon and thus infer the geological history of other planets in the solar system [1]. At the same time, ice exists at the poles of the moon, and the study of the geological structure of the moon's poles can also provide valuable geological information for the subsequent development of lunar resources and the construction of lunar bases [2; 3; 4; 5]. Headed by the United States and the former Soviet Union, countries worldwide have launched more than 100 lunar probes to the moon [6; 7]. The United States, the former Soviet Union, and China have realized the sampling work on the lunar surface and obtained information on the lunar regolith structure and mineral elements, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent mining project of lunar resources [8]. There are still many unknown areas on the moon worthy of human exploration, and future lunar exploration will involve deeper drilling, as well as the realization of manned lunar landings and the establishment of lunar research bases [9; 10]. The first manned lunar landing was achieved as early as July 1969 with the United States Apollo 11, followed by five other successful manned missions to the moon, sending12 astronauts to the moon. These manned lunar landings have achieved various results and greatly enriched humanity's knowledge of the moon [11]. Half a century after the first mission to the moon, humanity plans to return to the moon, and several countries have announced the timing of implementing a manned lunar landing. For example, The United States' Artemis lunar landing program, which plans to return to the moon in 2025; China and Russia plan to achieve the first manned mission to the moon in 2030; and countries such as Japan, Italy, and Canada have also joined in the craze to land on the moon [12; 13; 14]. The human return to the moon is a comprehensive exploration under new technological conditions and a springboard for the subsequent establishment of a lunar base and manned exploration of more distant planets (including Mars) [15; 16]. Coring on the Moon or Mars to maintain the stratigraphic information can provide a good understanding of its geological structure and pave the way for later coring at greater depths [17; 18]. One of the essential missions of manned lunar landings is the acquisition of lunar regolith samples with original lamination information by astronauts on the lunar surface. For handheld coring devices, the United States used coring tubes for impact penetration sampling of lunar regolith by astronauts on the Apollo 11, Apollo 12, and Apollo 14 missions. In Apollo15, Apollo16, and Apollo17 missions, the Apollo Lunar Surface Drill (ALSD) was used for sampling. The drilling depth reached 3.05 m in the Apollo 17 mission, which is the deepest depth ever drilled for lunar sampling [19; 20]. [PERSON] et al. developed a high-frequency impact coring device based on the unidirectional flow effect of particles, which can realize the unidirectional transport effect of particles under vibration conditions and better maintain the stratification of lunar regolith [21; 22]. [PERSON] et al. proposed a double-body vibrating through sampling magnetically driven lunar regolith collection method, which has high digging efficiency for loose lunar regolith and a certain crushing effect for hard lunar rocks [23]. Although handheld coring devices play a crucial role in the lunar surface coring process, astronauts have significant limitations in working on the lunar surface [24; 25]. For example, the limited working time on the lunar surface; the harsh lunar environment will limit astronauts' travel capability; with increasing sampling depth, the lunar soil density will enlarge, the astronauts' work intensity will increase dramatically, the drill bit may be stuck and overheat damage, etc. [26; 27; 28].