# Systematic Literature Review on Test Case Selection and Prioritization: A Tertiary Study
###### Abstract  
Software testing is undertaken to ensure that the software meets the expected requirements. The intention is to find bugs, errors, or defects in the developed software so that they can be fixed before deployment. Testing of the software is needed even after it is deployed. Regression testing is an inevitable part of software development, and must be accomplished in the maintenance phase of software development to ensure software reliability. The existing literature presents a large amount of relevant knowledge about the types of techniques and approaches used in regression test case selection and prioritization (TCS&P), comparisons of techniques used in TCS&P, and the data used. Numerous secondary studies (surveys or reviews) have been conducted in the area of TCS&P. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive examination of the analysis of the enhancements in TCS&P using a thorough systematic literature review (SLR) of the existing secondary studies. This SLR provides: (1) a collection of all the valuable secondary studies (and their qualitative analysis); (2) a thorough analysis of the publications and the trends of the secondary studies; (3) a classification of the various approaches used in the secondary studies; (4) insight into the specializations and range of years covered in the secondary texts; (5) a comprehensive list of statistical tests and tools used in the area; (6) insight into the quality of the secondary studies based on the seven selected Research Paper Quality parameters; (7) the common problems and challenges encountered by researchers; (8) common gaps and limitations of the studies; and (9) the probable prospects for research in the field of TCS&P. systematic literature review (SLR); software testing and reliability; secondary studies; test case selection; test case prioritization; software testing; surveys +
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versions of software in order to provide confidence that the newly introduced features of the Software Under Test (SUT) do not interfere with the existing features\" [1]. Software failures as early as the Ariane-5 rocket launch and the Y2K problem, and as recent as the Feb 2020 Heathrow airport disruption [2], have been blamed on the failure to test the changes in software systems. Thus, the search for adequate regression testing techniques is still crucial. Many methods have been developed for efficient regression testing. Regression testing approaches can be distinguished between test suite minimization, selection, prioritization, or the hybrid approach [2]. The research work in this paper focuses on the regression test selection and prioritization techniques. Test case selection (TCS) cases are selected according to their relevance to the changed parts of the SUT, which characteristically involves a static white-box analysis of the program code. More formally, the selection problem as defined by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [3] means finding a subset of test cases from the original test suite that fulfills the selection criteria to test the modified version of the SUT. Moreover, test case prioritization (TCP) helps in ordering test cases for the early maximization of some desirable properties, such as the rate of fault detection. TCP techniques try to reorder a regression test suite based on decreasing priority. Test cases' priority is established using some pre-defined testing criteria, such as fault detection, maximum coverage, and reduced execution time. The test cases with higher priority are executed before those with lower priority in regression testing [4; 5]. Many research approaches exist for conducting research. Evidence-Based Software Engineering (EBSE) means gathering and assessing empirical evidence grounded on primary studies' research questions. This enables healthier decisions associated with software engineering and development. The concept of EBSE was presented in 2004 by [PERSON] et al. [6]. The summary of results obtained empirically is mostly achieved via systematic literature reviews (SLRs) [7] or systematic mapping (SM) [8] for EBSE.