# Quality Assessment of Natural Juices and Consumer Preferences in the Range of Citrus Fruit Juices
## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Analysis of Respondents' Answers  
According to the recommendations of the Food and Nutrition Institute in Warsaw, Poland and the Pyramids of Healthy Eating and Physical Activity, vegetables and fruits should form the basis of the daily diet. People should consume at least five servings of vegetables and fruits per day as often as possible. Fruits play a significant role in a healthy balanced diet for a human and are so considered a vital food commodity around the world. Citrus is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide, with more than 130 million tons produced in 2017 [20]. Citrus fruit is one of the most essential commercial fruits in the world [21], it is the most economically relevant and extensively grown fruit tree crop in the world, and its fruits are an essential source of secondary metabolites for nutrition, health, and industrial applications [22]. Some authors recommend replacing fruit with one glass (200 cm\({}^{3}\)) of juice, such as orange juice [23]. In the first question, respondents indicated how often they consume citrus fruit juices. The responses received from respondents indicated that they were most likely to consume juices one to three times a week (see Figure 1). Women's and men's preferences in this regard were at a similar level. Both women (28.4%) and men (28.1%) were most likely to consume juices one to three times a week. Men consumed juices with greater frequency, daily or almost daily. All age groups indicated in the survey (under 18, 18-24, 25-34, 26, 35-44, 45-54, 55-54, 55-56) were also most likely to consume juice one to three times a week, excluding the group of people 65 and older, who consumed them less frequently--the most indications in this group were recorded for frequency of consumption as one to three times a month (32.4%). The statistical analysis carried out showed that gender, age, and size of the locality of residence had no statistically significant relationship with the frequency of consumption of citrus fruits juice. The following results were obtained sequentially for: gender of respondents for the analysed question ([PERSON] = 0.097, \(chi^{2}\) = 8.084, df = 6, \(p\) = 0.232, p Monte Carlo = 0.229), age ([PERSON] = 0.097, \(chi^{2}\) = 48.447, df = 36, \(p\) = 0.080, p Monte Carlo = 0.080), and size of locality of residence ([PERSON] = 0.087, \(chi^{2}\) = 32.810, df = 30, \(p\) = 0.331, p Monte Carlo = 0.325). On the other hand, between the level of education and the frequency of consumption of citrus juices, a statistically significant relationship with insignificant strength of association was shown, but it was not monotonic ([PERSON] = 0.113, \(chi^{2}\) = 32.872, df = 18, \(p\) = 0.017, p Monte Carlo = 0.017). More than 25% of those surveyed indicated that they consumed juices less than once per month, occasionally, or not at all. In this case, respondents were asked to indicate the reason why they rarely consumed this type of juice. The most common indication of respondents was: \"I like juices, but I prefer to drink water\" (45.1%) and \"I prefer to eat fresh fruit\" (38.8%) (see Figure 2). In all age groups, excluding the 45-54 age group and those aged 65 and over, respondents declared that they would rather choose water than juice. In contrast, the aforementioned two age groups were more interested in fresh fruit than in a product made from it. Respondents also indicated other reasons for not consuming citrus fruit juices. One of them that limited their choice in this direction was the high price of these products. The indication of price as one of the important determinants in the choice of juices was previously pointed out by [PERSON] et al. [24], who informed that price is an important factor in food purchases. In the work presented here, as expected, such an indication was characteristic of those with lower incomes. Another factor that limits the choice of citrus juices is an allergy to this type of fruit.