# Could the 'Spinner Innovation' and 'Triple Helix' Models Improve System Innovation?
## 1 Introduction  
Recent decades have seen a clear surge in interest in knowledge and innovation, both in research and in practical terms. The role of innovation in driving the knowledge economy has grown within different contexts and domains in many nations all over the world [1]. In this regard, the emergence of the Triple Helix model has played a crucial role in altering the understanding of innovation [1]. In addition, according to [2], the Spinner model provides three major dimensions, incorporating knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and innovation in a dynamic form, while assisting in predicting the propensity of innovation based on knowledge-intensive solutions (KIS), taking into consideration the presence or absence of positive connections between knowledge transfer and knowledge creation.  
Although several prior studies have approached, outlined and examined the key issues associated with knowledge and innovation in different fields, how these two models actually assist in creating knowledge solutions for the future of business innovation has rarely been subject to study. To be more specific, it is evident that there is little attention has been given to merging the \"Triple Helix\" and the \"Spinner Innovation\" models to explore how this integration could have a significant influence on the innovation system.  
As a result, we here pose the following question: \"Would the integration of the Triple Helix and Spinning Innovation models contribute more to system innovation than the implementation of these two models separately?\" To provide appropriate answers to this question, this current article proposes to identify the extent to which the Triple Helix model and the Spinner model are able to reinforce collaboration for creating knowledge-intensive solutions and innovation capable of generating future businesses.  
Jointly considering the aforementioned aspects, the present article provides a series of contributions and implications for interested scholars and/or researchers, scientific research associated institutions and centres as well as professionals and practitioners in this field. Hence, this paper adds to the existing literature on business, the economy, management and innovation by returning solid insights and distinguished overviews of the connections between these two models, namely the Triple Helix and Spinner models and knowledge-intensive solutions and innovation in business. In addition, the study produces an eminently practical framework as well as contributions for entities interest in the role of both these models in co-creating proper knowledge-intensive solutions for future business-related innovations.  
The structure of this research paper is as follows. Following this introduction, the Section 2 sets out the theoretical background related to business innovation, the Triple Helix model, the Spinner Innovation model as well as knowledge-related concepts. The Section 3 details the research methods and analysis techniques before the Section 4 outlines and discusses the research findings. Section 5 conveys the conclusion, the limitations and the main directions for future research.