# A Hybrid MCDM Model for Live-Streamer Selection via the Fuzzy Delphi Method, AHP, and TOPSIS
## 4 Application to Select the Optimal Live-Streamer  
The criteria for selecting live-streamers were compiled based on interviews with the managers of shopping websites and a review of related prior literature [32; 52; 53] to design a fuzzy Delphi method-based questionnaire. The items in the questionnaire are valid as they were taken from existing literature. Additionally, after the first draft of the questionnaire was completed, the four managers of shopping websites were invited to modify its items and refine its wordings. This is done so that the questionnaire's content is closer to the practical scenario and more complete. Regarding response to the questionnaire, the managers of shopping websites scored the criteria on a nine-point Likert scale based on personal practical work experiences to reflect the importance of the criteria. The higher the score of a criterion, the higher its level of importance. The fuzzy Delphi method-based questionnaire was distributed via an online questionnaire system, with 40 questionnaires successfully collected. This study extracted the geometric mean of each criterion from 30 shopping website managers with over five years of business experience to improve the sample's representativeness and retained the criteria with a geometric mean of over 7.2 based on a previous study [41]. The results of the fuzzy Delphi method are shown in Table 1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Criteria** & **Geometric Means** \\ \hline Positive work attitude & 8.4520 \\ \hline The ability to express clearly & 8.4853 \\ \hline Emotional stability & 8.6875 \\ \hline Respond to emergencies & 8.2229 \\ \hline Past experience & 5.9206 \\ \hline Live-streamer fee & 8.1175 \\ \hline Degree of match between live-streamer and product & 8.3859 \\ \hline Presentation of products in different ways & 8.0000 \\ \hline Adaptation to company & 6.0721 \\ \hline Interact well with the audience & 8.1266 \\ \hline Complete work with others & 8.0631 \\ \hline The ability to solve problems independently & 8.2553 \\ \hline Professional knowledge & 8.2877 \\ \hline Educational background & 5.2367 \\ \hline Fulfill orders & 8.6196 \\ \hline Handle work flexibly & 8.3683 \\ \hline Extensive life experience & 8.4013 \\ \hline Degree of self-confidence & 8.5522 \\ \hline Strong desire to show oneself & 6.0647 \\ \hline Adaptation to environment & 6.0053 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Results of the fuzzy Delphi method. Lastly, the criteria were classified into dimensions based on past literature [32; 52; 53] and interviews with the managers of shopping websites to establish a hierarchical framework, described as follows:  
1. The individual dimension includes five criteria: the ability to express clearly (introduce products clearly) [32; 52; 53], respond to emergencies (react appropriately to emergencies) [32; 52; 53], emotional stability (emotional steadiness) [32], positive work attitude (conscientious toward the work) [32; 53], and extensive life experience (the rich of living experience) [52; 53]. 2. The work dimension includes five criteria: the ability to solve problems independently (the ability to resolve problems by oneself) [52; 53], handle work flexibly (handle work in elastic way) [53], interact well with the audience [53], complete work with others (cooperate with others to finish work) [53], and fulfill orders (the ability to finish orders) [53]. 3. The match dimension includes five criteria: presentation of products in different ways (present products in different ways) [53], professional knowledge (professional knowledge about products) [53], live-streamer fee (the cost of commissioning a live-streamer) (interviewee proposed), degree of match between live-streamer and product (match between live-streamer and product) (interviewee proposed), and degree of self-confidence [52; 53]. The hierarchical framework, shown in Figure 1, was incorporated into a shopping website to assist its managers in selecting the best live-streamer.