# Comparative Effectiveness of a Commercial Mouthwash and an Herbal Infusion in Oral Health Care
## 3 Results
### Study of the Effects of Commercial Mouthwash and an Herbal Infusion on Oral Cavity  
No adverse side effects were reported in either group. The PI and GI were determined and marked in the patients' records. All the PI and GI values determined in CM and IM groups, at the first examination (baseline) and in the monitoring sessions, were statistically calculated using the Mann-Whitney methods and t-tests, in order to examine the relationship between the PI and GI, respectively, the sex influence on these values. In Table 3, the median (interquartile range) of PI and GI are presented at baseline in all participant patients, in Table 4, the median (interquartile range) of PI and GI at baseline in males, and in Table 5, the median (interquartile range) of PI and GI at baseline in females. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Male**} & **Group IM** & **Group CM** & \multirow{2}{*}{_p_ *} \\  & **(_n_ = 21)** & **(_n_ = 21)** & \\ \hline PI baseline—median (interquartile range) & 2.29 (2.16–2.33) & 2.29 (2.25–2.33) & 0.1465 \\ GI baseline—median (interquartile range) & 2.20 (2.11–2.29) & 2.29 (2.20–2.29) & 0.0987 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
*—Mann–Whitney test.  
\end{table} 
Table 4: Median (interquartile range) of PI and GI at baseline in male patients. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Mixture of Extracts**} & **ABTS (μmol Trolox** & **FRAP (μmol Trolox** & \multirow{2}{*}{**DPPH \%**} \\  & **Equivalent/mL)** & **Equivalent/mL)** & **DPPH \%** \\ \hline Mp:Mc:Po:Gh & & & & \\
1:1:1:1 & 17.804 & 40.478 & 65.604 \\ \hline Mp:Mc:Po:Gh & & & & \\
2:1:1:1 & 18.121 & 45.039 & 67.813 \\ \hline Mp:Mc:Po:Gh & & & & \\
1:2:1:1 & 18.194 & 40.851 & 71.098 \\ \hline Mp:Mc:Po:[PERSON] & & & & \\
1:1:1:2 & 18.275 & 43.918 & 72.831 \\ \hline Mp:Mc:Po:[PERSON] & & & & \\
2:1:1:2:1 & 20.173 & 39.703 & 75.056 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
*—Mann–Whitney test.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Antioxidant activity determined by the three chemical methods of the samples, _Mentha piperita_ [PERSON]. ([PERSON]), _Matricaria chamomilla_ [PERSON]. ([PERSON]), _Polygonum aviculare_ [PERSON]. ([PERSON]), and _Glechoma hderaca_ [PERSON]. ([PERSON]) in different proportions Mp:Mc:Po:Gh, 1:1:1:1; 2:1:1:1; 1:1:1:2, and 1:1:2:1. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Total**} & **Group IM** & **Group CM** & \multirow{2}{*}{_p_ *} \\  & **(_n_ = 45)** & **(_n_ = 45)** & \\ \hline PI baseline—median (interquartile range) & 2.25 (2.16–2.33) & 2.25 (2.13–2.30) & 0.7695 \\ GI baseline—median (interquartile range) & 2.21 (2.07–2.29) & 2.21 (2.10–2.29) & 0.8136 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
*—Mann–Whitney test.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: Median (interquartile range) of PI and GI at baseline in all patients. which results in IM efficiency, especially on the gingival component, and CM efficiency on the bacterial plaque component. It is also observed that the differences are more clearly significant as the treatment progresses. Standard deviation (0.06-0.07) also indicates the homogeneity of the obtained results, which indicates that the used substances had the same effects on the whole studied batch. Both types of mouthwash demonstrated their efficacy in reducing PI and GI values. In all monitoring sessions, the medium value of PI calculated in the CM group was relatively lower than in the IM group, probably because of the fluoride-containing mouthwash. In all monitoring sessions, the GI medium value calculated in the CM group was slightly higher in showing gingival inflammation than those of the IM group; therefore, the IM group had an average better result than the CM group in GI values. The commercial mouthwash that was used in this research (CM group) was randomly chosen. It was intended to be an alcohol-free mouth rinse solution (knowing that the alcohol is an irritant for the oral mucosa), but it contains fluoride with antiplaque and caries-preventive effects.