# A Typology Model of Temporary Facility Constraints for Automated Construction Site Layout Planning
## 4 A Constraint Typology Model for CSLP
### Regional Constraint  
Regional constraints concern the region (i.e., site boundary and a specific enclosed area that exists on the site) in which temporary facilities are installed. In most cases, the enclosed area is present within the site, but it also often includes the area near the site. Regional constraints have three subtypes as follows:  
* Boundary constraint to ensure that a temporary facility to be laid out is located inside the site boundaries
* Inclusion area constraint to ensure that a temporary facility to be laid out is placed only in a specific enclosed area
* Exclusion area constraint to ensure that a temporary facility to be laid out is not placed in a specific enclosed area  
Regional constraints identified in this study are summarized in Table 4, and they comprise three constraints that are commonly applied to all temporary facilities and eight constraints that are applied to specific temporary facilities. These constraints can be modeled through reference coordinates that the facility has and coordinate values held by the region of interest. First, the boundary constraint (Figure 5a) should satisfy the following equation so that the coordinates of all temporary facilities (\(LLC_{i}\), \(URC_{i}\), \(for\)\(i=1\), 2, 3,..., \(n\)) can be included in the site boundary's available coordinates (\(BACs\)) [34]:  
\[(x_{li},\,y_{li})\,\,and\,\,(x_{ri},\,y_{ri})\in[BACs],\,\,for\,\,i=1,\,2,\,3, \,\ldots,\,n, \tag{1}\] \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline ID & **Subtype** & **Facility** & **Constraints** \\ \hline DI1 & N/A & Access road & If there is a blind alley at the site (or in front of the gate), at least x(m) \(\times\) y(m) of the access road is needed to make the vehicle rounding section. \\ \hline DI2 & N/A & Access road & The width of a single/two-lane access road should be at least x(m)/y(m), \\  & & respectively, considering vehicles used on the site. \\ \hline DI3 & N/A & Access road & For the turning radius of the vehicle, the width of the road should be at least x(m) in a curved access road, taking into account the vehicles used on the site. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Dimensional type constraints identified in this study. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**ID** & **Subtype** & **Facility** & **Constraints** \\ \hline RG1 & Boundary & Common & TFs should be laid out only inside the site. \\ \hline RG2 & Exclusion area & Common & TFs should be placed only in an area that is more than x(m) away from the property line. \\ \hline RG3 & Exclusion area & Common & For measures to prevent floods, TFs should be laid out in an area x(m) higher than ground level. \\ \hline RG4 & Exclusion area & Electricity supply & Temporary transformers should be placed away from work areas where water is heavily used or low-lying areas where flooding is expected. \\ \hline RG5 & Exclusion area & Electricity supply & Temporary transformers should be placed away from areas where many people come in and out. \\ \hline RG6 & Exclusion area & Gate & The gate should be placed away from areas where civil complaints are expected. \\ \hline RG7 & Exclusion area & Work area & The work area should be placed away from areas where civil complaints are expected. \\ \hline RG8 & Inclusion area & Electricity supply & Temporary transformers are placed in an area inside x(m) from the location of the power receiving system approved by authority. \\ \hline RG9 & Inclusion area & Electricity supply & Temporary transformers should be placed close to the area where the facility electric capacity is heavily used. \\ \hline RG10 & Inclusion area & Gate & The gate should be placed in areas with less impact on vehicle flow on adjacent roads. \\ \hline RG11 & Inclusion area & T/C & The tower crane should be placed in an area where there is a place for a mobile crane to be located while dismantling things using the mobile crane. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Regional type constraints identified in this study.