## 1 Introduction  
Selective Laser Melting (SLM), a form of metal additive manufacturing [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6], offers advantages such as design flexibility, minimized material waste, and rapid production of intricate components [7; 8]. It holds significant potential in industries demanding precision and strength, including the aerospace [9; 10; 11; 12; 13] and medical [14] sectors. The SLM process involves intricate stages like heating, cooling, and phase transition, contributing to challenges such as porosity, cracks, and warping in the final products [15]. In the SLM process, laser power and scanning speed are important parameters that affect the molding qualities. As the laser power increases, the amount of heat the part absorbs per unit of time also changes. This leads to variable heat accumulation effects, which alter the part's thermal deformation. Similar to how the scanning speed affects the part's thermal deformation, the machining duration affects the thermal accumulation effect. A large thermal deformation of the component will result in a loss of the part's mechanical qualities, which will impair normal use of the part or shorten its useful life. Employing finite element simulation on complex, realistic structures during SLM manufacturing can effectively enhance production quality and thereby play a pivotal role in reducing associated costs. An examination of the production process using numerical simulations can successfully prevent flaws in the forming process, increase production efficiency during actual printing, and provide feedback for the production process. [PERSON] et al. [16] conducted a numerical simulation analysis of the temperature field of a formed 5356 aluminum alloy using the life-death element method through ABAQUS 2020. The study revealed that reciprocating additive forming can effectively improve the surface irregularities caused by heat accumulation at the arc termination in the unidirectional additive process. Additionally,appropriate preheating of the substrate led to a more uniform temperature distribution. [PERSON] et al. [17] employed the life-death element and moving heat source (DFLUX) methods in ABAQUS for thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of three typical thin-walled structures. They computed the temperature field for a single cladding path, used these results as initial conditions for stress analysis, and determined that the most significant deformation occurred during the initial deposition and cooling periods. [PERSON] et al. [18] used a tetrahedral mesh to refine the laser additive remanufacturing area, established a finite element model of a water turbine blade, and investigated the transient distribution of temperature and stress fields during the additive manufacturing process. Results indicated that the effects of stress, strain, and temperature were primarily concentrated in the additive remanufacturing region. [PERSON] et al. [19] employed an octree-based adaptive meshing method to compute stress fields, refining the mesh for regions requiring computation. The study found that accuracy was affected by simplification strategies, which could be compensated by introducing correction terms to mitigate accuracy loss caused by coarsening. [PERSON] et al. [20] employed a rule-based rectangular mesh division for the Strati car model, controlling the finite element model size by specifying spatial increments of the background grid to analyze stress fields. Simulation results showed that using GENOA for micro-mechanical damage pattern calculation resulted in additional inter-bead crack formation, and additional loads could be applied to the printed structure after generating the finite element grid for the vehicle. [PERSON] et al. [21] developed an efficient and rapid simulation method based on the thermal-mechanical coupling algorithm using a moving heat source model and elastic-plastic welding simulation theory. They developed the simulation of SLM process to address coupling simulation problems.