## 1 Introduction
The combination was found to improve abrasion resistance and aesthetic stability after UV-B exposure but negatively affect corrosion protection. Research has revealed both positive and negative effects of this synergy [11]. The cataphoretic deposition of coatings allows even complex surfaces to be evenly covered due to electrostatic attraction. The process is highly efficient, with minimal material loss (below 10%), low environmental impact, and low emissions. A study by [PERSON] [12] presents a method for the on-line monitoring of the cataphoretic coating process using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). This technique overcomes the limitations of classical impedance spectroscopy for non-steady-state processes, allowing them to monitor impedance changes during deposition and to estimate the time to reach steady state after polarization switch-off. DEIS offers the potential to improve real-time process control and optimization. [PERSON]'s [13] work describes those electrophoretic paints, also known as cataphoretic coatings, organic coatings that dissolve in water. These coatings have an electrical charge, which allows them to be applied to metal surfaces [14]. This process considers the opposite electrical charge of the metal sample, which affects the coating formulation [15; 16]. Cataphoretic deposition represents a modern technology that produces durable and resistant surfaces. These corrosion-resistant surfaces not only meet customer expectations in terms of aesthetic appearance but also increase efficiency and meet environmental standards. These results are the result of a century of experience and research and the refinement of techniques that have also led to their theoretical evaluation. Cataphoretic deposition uses electrophoretic coatings or paints that are applied to surfaces. These coatings are of organic origin, dispersed in water, and carry an electrical charge. The process allows them to be deposited on metal surfaces with an opposite charge, thus providing effective and uniform coverage [17; 18; 19; 20]. The preparation of the material surface prior to cataphoretic deposition is considered to be both a crucial and challenging phase of anticorrosion technology, involving processes such as degreasing and zinc phosphating [21]. Zinc, known for its cost-effectiveness, is an important element used in the production of anticorrosion coatings (Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr) [22], while the deposition of zinc coatings requires only minimal financial investment [23]. The optimization of the cataphoretic painting process is imperative for several fundamental reasons, which considerably enhance manufacturing efficiency and product quality. The uniformity thus achieved is of critical importance in meeting the stringent industrial engineering standards and customer requirements. Furthermore, the optimization of the process contributes to environmental sustainability by minimizing waste and energy use. A well-optimized process fosters innovation, strengthens competitive advantage, and enhances customer satisfaction through the reliable and timely delivery of high-quality products. The authors of this study acknowledge its significance in advancing the methodology for cataphoretic painting, leading to the formation of an anticorrosion layer.