## 5 Classification of EV Charging Infrastructures
### Analysis of Different Charging Infrastructures
#### 5.5.4 Analysis of Renewable-Energy-Based EV Charging Infrastructure  
EV charging infrastructure based on renewable energy is a quickly developing technology that is transforming how we power our transportation networks. We can lessen our reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to the fight against climate change by using renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power to charge EVs. The implementation of this technology holds promise in augmenting public health, mitigating air pollution, and creating novel avenues for commercial enterprise. Prior to conducting an analysis of EV charging infrastructure that utilizes renewable energy sources, it is necessary to first assess the existing systems and technologies that are currently employed. This necessitates a comprehensive study of the available charging options, their associated prices, and their environmental impact. The research should also think about where the market is now and where it could go in the future.  
Table 18 displays the overall benefits and drawbacks of EV charging infrastructure powered by renewable energy sources. The study's goal is to evaluate the possible benefits of using renewable energy sources at EV charging stations. This procedure considers various factors such as potential benefits in public health, decreased carbon emissions, enhanced economic activity, and reduced fuel consumption. The evaluation should encompass factors such as increased employment opportunities, strengthened energy security, and improved public safety. The investigation should also consider the challenges related to the implementation of EV charging infrastructure that depends on sustainable energy sources. This report encompasses an analysis of the technological, financial, and governmental challenges that are hindering the widespread adoption of this technology [88]. It is crucial to include an assessment of the influence of current public opinion and the likelihood of political intervention [89].  
Table 19 provides an explanation of the analysis conducted on EV charging infrastructure, specifically focusing on the various energy sources utilization. The assessment offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of the technology as well as its potential for future advancements. This information can be utilized by policymakers and other stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding the implementation of this technology.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Hybrid-Microgrid-Based EV Charging Infrastructure**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Advantages**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Disadvantages**} \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Flexibility: Microgrid-based EV charging infrastructure that uses an AC/DC hybrid enables both AC and DC charging. This backs a variety of EV models and charging protocols.} & Infrastructure Complexity: The AC/DC-hybrid-microgrid-based EV charging infrastructure includes several sources and technologies, which could complicate the system. Complexity may require more troubleshooting and maintenance skills. \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Better Efficiency: The hybrid microgrid architecture increases efficiency by incorporating renewable energy sources like solar and wind power into the charging infrastructure which in turn reduces the carbon emissions.} & Higher Initial Costs: The initial investment in a hybrid microgrid architecture may be higher due to the need for DC fast chargers, energy storage devices, multiple energy sources, and grid control systems. \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Grid Stability: Hybrid microgrids locally produce and store energy, reducing grid strain.} & Limited Availability: Because the AC/DC-hybrid-microgrid-based charging infrastructure is so new, it could not be generally accessible everywhere. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 17: Analysis of benefits and drawbacks of hybrid-microgrid based EV charging infrastructure.