# Team-Communication Modeling Framework for Multi-Unit Nuclear Power Plant Accident Analysis
## 3 Results and Analysis
### Comparison to the Reference Model  
In summary, although the three models and their characteristics were influenced by the reference model (SEIPS) [37; 40; 41], our proposed team-communication modeling framework is different from and refines the reference model in several major ways.  
First, our modeling framework is developed to be applied during multi-unit NPP accident management, which makes the application domain-specific and the research outcomes practical. On the other hand, a drawback might be that the outcomes were highly domain- and situation-specific; however, in NPP operation, the significance of team-communication analysis and support is particularly needed during accident management [21; 30]. Our research approach can be adapted to other domains requiring communication analysis.  
Second, the influencing factors contained in the investigation model were collected from a combined systematic literature review and text mining. Thus, they are comprehensive and reliable [29]. The process model was developed using FRAM, which is a modeling method and contains the concepts of resilience engineering [43]. We also designed a methodology to apply FRAM for communication analysis. The performance  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Reference to FRAM’s** & **Category** & **No.** & **Performance Factors** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Input factors} & 12 & Communication message complexity \\  & 13 & Communication message accuracy \\  & 14 & Communication message delivery timing \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Time factors} & 15 & Time allowed for communication (duration) \\  & 16 & Predefined sequences to process the message \\  & 17 & Time required to process the message \\  & 18 & Time duration required to maintain the message \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Coupling variability} & 19 & Protocol required to transmit the message \\  & 20 & Message processing guidelines \\  & 21 & Regulations regarding communication \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Precondition factors} & 22 & Required condition to process the message \\  & 23 & Team member role definition related to communication \\ \cline{1-1}  & 24 & Permission required to process the message \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Resource factors} & 25 & Media and tool to receive and send messages \\ \cline{1-1}  & 26 & Required knowledge to understand the message \\ \cline{1-1}  & 27 & Reference material to process ambiguous message \\ \cline{1-1}  & 28 & Support from other team members \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: _Cont._factors in the performance-factor model were developed by referring to FRAM principles, which served as its scientific basis.  
Also, the reference model was refined twice and supplemented with seven tools [42]; however, while the tools were useful, an overall methodology to apply the model was not evidently provided. This might be caused by the model's broad analysis scope. We developed our models to analyze team communication during multi-unit nuclear accident management. This specification made us able to define the analysis methodology using the modeling framework. In summary, the three team-communication models, their relationships in the framework, and the team-communication analysis methodology support the practicality of our research results.