## 1 Introduction
In contrast, passive reception of vibrations occurs when individuals have no influence over the source of the vibrations. The difference between active and passive reception of vibrations is vividly illustrated by the example of a car with a driver and a passenger. The driver, steering the car, anticipates turns or road irregularities that they decide to navigate through. This anticipation allows the driver to mentally and physically prepare for the upcoming vibrations, leading to a more controlled and less startling experience. The driver's active role in generating and anticipating vibrations results in a perception that is often less bothersome or disturbing. This preparation might involve bracing for impact, adjusting the vehicle's speed, or strategically choosing a path that minimizes discomfort from vibrations. On the other hand, for the passenger, these same situations are unexpected and uncontrolled. The passenger does not have the same awareness or control over the vehicle's movements, making each bump, turn, or vibration a sudden and possibly unsettling experience. This lack of anticipation and control exemplifies the passive reception of vibrations. Passengers are subjected to movements and vibrations generated by the vehicle without any prior knowledge or the ability to mitigate their impact. This can result in a more intense perception of discomfort, as the element of surprise can exacerbate the physical sensation of the vibrations. The psychological aspect of anticipation plays a significant role in the active and passive reception of vibrations. When individuals are actively involved in the generation of vibrations, their preparedness and control over the situation can significantly reduce the perceived intensity and discomfort of those vibrations. In contrast, the absence of control and predictability in passive reception can lead to heightened sensitivity and discomfort. In summary, the perception of transportation-originated vibrations differs markedly between active participants, like drivers or machine operators, who can anticipate and control their exposure, and passive recipients, such as passengers, who experience these vibrations without forewarning or control. The results of research on the impact of vibrations caused by transportation means on people who passively receive these vibrations have been presented in many scientific works [8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. In [8] authors analyze the road traffic influence on the dynamic structural behavior of the building and human perception of vibration caused by busy roadways. Meanwhile, in [9], the authors explore the impact of vibrations caused by trains on individuals perceiving these vibrations passively. Foundations for the current understanding of the impact of vibrations on humans in buildings were laid out in [10]. The analysis focused on the influence of building vibrations on the perceptibility of vibrations by individuals, regardless of their source. The contemporary approach to the impact of vibrations on individuals, combined with the influence of noise, can be found in [11]. Similarly, in [12], not only noise but also vibrations, in this case caused by railway traffic, were indicated as stress-inducing factors. In [13] once again, the focus was on the influence of transportation vibrations, but there was also an attempt to predict the behavior of the floor under the influence of vibrations. A modern approach was also applied in [14], where the propagation of waves in the ground was also considered. These analyses cover various aspects, including the intensity of vibrations, their frequency, and the impact of these vibrations on the well-being and health of individuals. However, the available literature lacks a global, comprehensive approach to the issue, which would allow for a full understanding of the scale and specificity of the impact of transportation vibrations on people in buildings.