## 3 Results and Discussion
### DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)  
Thermal analysis is essential to understand the impact of formulations and processing on the polymer properties [54; 55; 56; 57; 58]. Table 4 and Figure 3 provide detailed information on the thermal transitions of TPS/PBAT and TPS/PBAT-PBSA films during the cooling and second heating cycles. The data include glass transition temperatures (Tg), gel temperature of starch (Tgel), melting points (Tm), and intrinsic melting enthalpies (Ahm) for each sample. Additionally, crystallization temperature (Tc) and intrinsic crystallization enthalpy (\(\Delta\)hc) during cooling are detailed. Tg was calculated at the midpoint of the transition while peak temperatures were considered for melting and crystallization events. The results indicated that the incorporation of additives such as Vinnex and Joncryl, as well as blending with PBSA, causes alterations in the thermal properties of the films. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Reference** & **T10\% \({}^{\circ}\)C** & **TmaxI (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **TmaxII (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **TmaxIII (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** & **Resolute (\%)** \\ \hline PBAT [55] & 310–340 & 400–420 & - & - & 0.5–1.0 \\ PBSA [56] & 290–320 & 370–390 & - & - & 0.5–2.0 \\ TPS/PBAT & 198.9 & 225 & 299 & 400 & 1.7 \\ TPS/PBAT-V & 180.0 & 207 & 302 & 397 & 0.7 \\ TPS/PBAT-J & 208.4 & 217 & 305 & 390 & 0.7 \\ TPS/PBAT-V/J & 187.8 & 222 & 303 & 389 & 1.2 \\ TPS/PBAT-PBSA & 196.0 & 213 & 298 & 396 & 1.6 \\ TPS/PBAT-PBSA-V & 176.0 & 222 & 299 & 390 & 0.8 \\ TPS/PBAT-PBSA-J & 196.0 & 212 & 298 & 392 & 1.2 \\ TPS/PBAT-PBSA-V/J & 201.6 & 217 & 298 & 398 & 1.3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Thermogravimetric results. The analysis of fusion enthalpy reveals an increase, indicative of higher crystallinity, with the addition of additives and the inclusion of PBSA. This is consistent with findings from other studies where the incorporation of compatibilizing agents has been shown to enhance crystallinity in polymer blends due to improved molecular interactions and alignment during the crystallization process [53]. However, a decrease in melting enthalpy is observed when the additives are added simultaneously (Vinnex and Joncryl), suggesting an adverse effect on material crystallinity. Similar behavior has been reported in the literature, where the simultaneous addition of multiple additives can lead to competitive interactions that disrupt the crystallization process, resulting in reduced crystallinity [59]. It is also important to note that no significant changes are observed in the melting temperature, aligning with previous studies that show melting temperatures are often less sensitive to additive incorporation than other thermal properties like enthalpy and Tg [60]. In summary, the material appears to become slightly more crystalline with the addition of additives. Regarding the glass transition temperature (Tg), an increase is observed in TPS/PBA-PBSA with the addition of additives, while for the TPS/PBAT blend, a slight decrease is observed. These findings are crucial for understanding how compatibilizers modify molecular mobility and phase interactions. Unique Tg values were observed in the non-compatibilized blends, suggesting some degree of miscibility between the phases. However, the presence of a single Tg does not guarantee complete homogeneity, especially in blends with significant differences in their chemical and physical properties. This behavior must be analyzed alongside SEM micrographs, which show evidence of partial immiscibility and phase separation. These observations support the hypothesis of partial miscibility driven by predominant interactions between PBAT and TPS or PBSA in the absence of compatibilizers. To further clarify this, additional analysis has been incorporated based on the values found in the literature of the Tg for individual components: approximately -30 \({}^{\circ}\)C for PBAT, 45-50 \({}^{\circ}\)C for PBSA, and 80-90 \({}^{\circ}\)C for TPS.