## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Juice Preparation  
The experiment involved preparing apple-peach and apple-chokeberry juices from three types of not-from-concentrate (NFC) juices: apple, peach, and chokeberry, which were freshly prepared before the experiment. The juices were freshly squeezed before the pasteurization process and then transferred to the mixing tank. The next stage was traditional and innovative degassing processes. The degassing process was conducted at Wosana company (Andrychow, Poland) using a specially designed prototype of a technological installation (patent number PL 238909) [32]. The installation featured modules for innovative and traditional degassing methods (PGI Sp. z o.o. Koluszki, Poland). Real-time monitoring of oxygen content was performed using the optical electrode, the Memosens COS81D (Endress+Hauser, Reinach, Switzerland). The innovative degassing module utilized a vacuum tank with a rotating spray nozzle at various speeds (150, 450, and 750 rpm), temperatures (25 and 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C), and a specially designed venting slot system. Under vacuum conditions, the traditional degassing system was carried out at 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C in a hermetically sealed vacuum tank. The tight vacuum tank operated at a vacuum pressure of 200 mbar or less, with a maximum pressure of 500 mbar. Pasteurization was performed on a prototype installation designed especially for Wosana company at an industrial scale (PGI Sp. z o.o., Koluszki, Poland) using microwave and traditional flow systems. The innovative installation included a prototype microwave flow pasteurizer (MFP) connected to a traditional (TP) tubular thermal pasteurizer. The aseptic filling module was integrated into the technological line for both modules. Additionally, research was conducted on modules used for blowing and packaging PET bottles and on modules for degassing juices using both methods. In microwave pasteurization, a frequency of 2450 MHz, a current of 63 A, and a maximum power of 18 kW were used. This frequency is one of the three most commonly employed in microwave ovens [33]. Additionally, it results in food being heated quickly,with even energy distribution during production and shallower penetration [34]. This method preserves the flavor and nutritional value of the product while enhancing bioactive compounds through greater extraction into the juice. This is made possible by the absorption of energy by cells, followed by their breakdown, allowing substances from within the cells to be released into the juice serum. These data are essential for analyzing and evaluating the efficiency of the pasteurization process on an industrial scale. In the case of microwave pasteurization, the juice, after the degassing process using an innovative method, flowed through the process chamber. A microwave generator immediately heated the entire volume of juice. The MFP processes were heated by a microwave generator at a temperature of 90 \({}^{\circ}\)C, with a flow rate of 5.8 L/min, and the bottling temperature was maintained at 20-25 \({}^{\circ}\)C. TP occurred in a tubular heat exchanger, following high-temperature short-time (HTST) processes at 98 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 30 s. Based on the data for the prototype of the new microwave preservation technology compared to the traditionally conducted flow pasteurization process, the electricity consumption per 100 L of finished juice is as follows: for TP, 0.131 kW, and for MFP, 3.00 kW. The results were obtained based on calculations according to the formulas:  
\[NP*M=Ec \tag{1}\]  
\[\frac{(Ec*100~{}L/h)}{Fi}=F \tag{2}\]  
where \(NP\) is the nominal power, \(M\) is the maximum device power, \(Ec\) is the energy consumption for the process, 100 L/h is the flow rate of 100 L per second of finished juice, \(Fi\) is the flow intensity, and \(F\) is the final result. For TP, the network parameter analyzer operates at 19.66 kW with a flow rate of 15,000 L/h. To produce 100 L of the finished product, we require 0.131 kW of energy. Meanwhile, for MFP, the nominal power of this process is 18 kW.