## 4 Results and Discussion on the Survey
### Detailed Analysis of the Survey Using Chi-Square Analysis
The hypothesis is as follows: There is a significant relationship between the geographical location of textile companies and the sustainable practices adopted for waste management and reduction. The percentage of companies that adopt each of the five sustainable practices in the different geographical areas and the respective expected values are shown in Table 20. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Location** & **Yes (Renewable Energy)** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Yes** \\ **(Renewable Energy)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **No** \\ **(Renewable Energy)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **No** \\ **(Renewable Energy)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Northern Italy & 0.34 & 0.20844 & 0.66 & 0.33156 \\ Central Italy & 0.44 & 0.08878 & 0.56 & 0.14122 \\ Southern Italy & 0.44 & 0.08878 & 0.56 & 0.14122 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 18: Contingency and expected frequencies table—question 13. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Location** & **Yes (Water Reuse)** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Yes (Water Reuse)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **No (Water Reuse)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **No (Water Reuse)** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Northern Italy & 0.18 & 0.0685 & 0.82 & 0.4715 \\ Central Italy & 0.13 & 0.0292 & 0.87 & 0.2008 \\ Southern Italy & 0.00 & 0.0292 & 1.00 & 0.2008 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 19: Contingency and expected frequencies table—question 14. The chi-square calculated was 786.3. The hypothesis was tested at 5% level of significance. In this hypothesis, the chi-square calculated was much greater than the chi-square critical value at 15.51. Thus, we cannot accept the hypothesis. There is a significant relationship between the geographical location of textile companies and the sustainable practices they adopt for waste management and reduction during textile fiber processing. Question 16. For this question, the hypothesis is as follows: There is a significant relationship between the geographical location of textile companies and sustainable practices related to the reduction in emissions and pollutants in the textile sector. Data on the percentages of companies that have adopted sustainable practices and the expected frequencies, broken down by geographical area, are reported in Table 21.  
The chi-square calculated was 1215.08. The hypothesis was tested at 5% level of significance. In this hypothesis, the chi-square calculated was much greater than the chi-square critical value at 23.685. Since the calculated chi-square was much larger than the critical value, we can conclude that there is a significant relationship between the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l} \hline
**Practice** & **North** & \begin{tabular}{l} **North** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Center** & \
\begin{tabular}{l} **Center** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} & **South** &
\begin{tabular}{l} **South** \\ **(Expected)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Minimizing water usage & & & & & & \\ in dyeing and finishing processes & 0.58 & 0.31 & 0.32 & 0.07 & 0.11 & 0.03 \\ Recycling leftover fibers & 0.58 & 0.31 & 0.16 & 0.04 & 0.26 & 0.06 \\ or scraps for reuse & & & & & \\ Utilizing pre-colored & & & & & \\ fibers to eliminate & 0.67 & 0.36 & 0.00 & 0.00 & 0.33 & 0.08 \\ dyeing altogether & & & & & & \\ Composting organic & & & & & & \\ waste like cotton seeds & 0.00 & 0.00 & 0.33 & 0.08 & 0.67 & 0.15 \\ Disposing of excess & & & & & & \\ chemicals down the & 0.29 & 0.15 & 0.43 & 0.10 & 0.29 & 0.08 \\ drain & & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 20: Contingency and expected frequencies table—question 15.