# Review of Some Applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Technology in the Resource-Rich Country
## 2 Prerequisites for Using the UAVs in Some Spheres of Economy
### Monitoring of Wild Animal Life (MoWAL)  
Kazakhstan is not only rich in minerals, but also in biological resources, one of which is wild animals. Considering the nature management, there is a need for transition from extensive methods of hunting to their intensification. At present, the country has all the prerequisites for the introduction of \"green\" technologies for hunting activities. This implies a combination of different uses of wildlife and its protection, including habitats and hunting grounds, increasing their productivity, reproduction, and game ranching. Experience of a number of countries (USA, Canada, Germany, Czech Republic, Sweden, Finland, etc.) shows that such hunting management allows obtaining its products in quantities comparable to the corresponding animal industries. For example, in Sweden, with an area 6 times less than the area of the Republic of Kazakhstan and three times more population density, the population of moose alone is 400 thousand, and the annual production volume is about 100 thousand heads [74]. For comparison, a limit of 78 heads has been allocated in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2015 (according to the Committee for Forestry of Wildlife of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan). One of the ways of sustainable use of animals assigned to hunting sites is through economic assessment of their cost and productivity of hunting grounds. It is difficult to justify the amount of investment in some measures for the reproduction, protection, and sustainable use of animal resources without such estimation. This assessment should be based, first of all, on knowledge of productivity of hunting grounds and number of animals included in hunting sites. This, in turn, should become the basis for determining the economic indicators of natural resources. All these factors serve as a basis for the development of payment standards for the use of wildlife and hunting grounds. The solution of this problem is one of the priorities of the world community in the field of sustainable natural resources management. According to the International Convention on Biodiversity Conservation (Rio de Janeiro 1992, [75]), ratified by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 1995, each country involved in the convention, on the one hand, independently determines the principles and methods of sustainable use of biodiversity in its territory (in accordance with the convention and domestic legislation), and, at the same time, is responsible for the conservation of natural resources. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, these principles are laid down in the Constitution, the Environmental Code, and, in respect of wildlife, in the Law on Protection, Reproduction, and Use of Wildlife (2004) and relevant regulations. They also define the procedure for monitoring, cadaster, and accounting of animal resources related to hunting sites. At the same time, these documents do not define the participants of the monitoring, and the available methods of accounting are not adapted to hunting farms and specially protected natural areas. In order to eliminate this contradiction, it is necessary to monitor the number of wildlife representatives in a given area and to develop decision support systems for management and maintenance of biological and landscape diversity of unique natural ecosystems and their monitoring. Collecting field zoogeographic data is a rather time-consuming process, mainly dependent not on the observer but on the representative of the animal world. It is impossible to calculate directly the population of commercial ungulates of mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan by ground methods. However, it is possible to estimate roughly the number of animals, for example, boars, by indirect decoding signs. Such signs for them are trails, beds, and gusts.