## 1 Introduction  
The scale of modern industrial production is rapidly expanding and the demand for mineral resources continues to increase. However, the availability of shallow resources is becoming increasingly scarce. The contradiction between the development demand and shallow resource shortage has gradually driven mining engineering to exploit increasingly deep and ultra-deep mining environments, which has led to new challenges because deep rock mass has considerably more complex mechanical properties than shallow rock mass. The so-called problem of \"three highs and one disturbance\" (i.e., high ground stress, high temperature, high karst hydraulic pressure, and intense mining disturbance) is prominent in such rock mass. These complex environmental conditions lead to a series of large nonlinear deformation phenomena that do not occur in shallow engineering rock mass and pose increased engineering difficulty to effectively support the surrounding rock. Conventional support techniques applied in shallow engineering are not fully applicable to deep engineering [1; 2; 3]. Deep shaft-surrounding rock support technology is related to the safety and economic benefits of deep shaft projects, and restricts the development of deep shaft mineral resource projects. A comprehensive study of deep surrounding rock support technology is, therefore, critical for establishing suitable techniques for mining deep rock mass. Extensive studies have addressed the stability control technology of deep shaft-surrounding rock and fruitful results have been achieved. On the basis of analyzing a large amount of well bore survey data, [PERSON] et al. [4] believed that there are four main reasons for well bore rupture and instability: negative friction, geological tectonic movement, mechanical erosion at the bottom of the overburden, and the interlayer slip caused by mining. These authors pointed out that the key to the design of a well bore support structure is to enhance the ability of the well wall to resist horizontal shear and reduce interlayer sliding. [PERSON] et al. [5] proposed that additional vertical stress is the main reason for failure and instability of a shaft wall. The shaft has high rigidity and is difficult to compress, but the soil layer easily loses water and then compresses and sinks--shear stress is caused by inconsistent vertical deformation between the two. Acting on the well bore to form additional stress, these researchers proposed the surrounding rock stability control technology of grouting around the well bore and decompression of the well bore. [PERSON] et al. [6; 7] stated that the destructive effect of temperature stress on the shaft wall cannot be ignored. Based on the theory of elastic mechanics, they deduced an analytical solution for the temperature stress on the shaft wall of a coal mine. The research results show that, among the factors that lead to damage of a shaft wall, the influence of temperature stress is greater than that of the mass of the shaft wall. Many scholars have conducted research on shaft stability control technologies under various special geological conditions. Regarding stability control of shafts passing through alternate hard rock and soft rock formations, [PERSON] et al. [8] used the 3 DEC numerical simulation method to analyze the interaction between the surrounding rock and the shaft wall structure in the intersecting area of soft and hard layers. The research results showed that the deep rock mass and shaft wall structure mainly undergo shear failure. On this basis, a joint control technology employing grouting and pressure relief excavation was proposed. For a shaft in a water-bearing fault fracture zone, [PERSON] et al. [9] found that the strength of the surrounding rock decreases after softening with water, which is the root cause of shaft instability and failure. Aiming at a control technology to achieve stability of rock surrounding a shaft in soft and broken areas, [PERSON] et al.