## 3 DIKWP Semantic Interaction for Unidirectional Communication Impairments
### Understanding Objects--Semantic Recognition
#### 3.2.3 Olfactory Object Recognition  
Infants are born with basic olfactory abilities, and as they grow, they accumulate olfactory experiences through interactions with various objects in daily life. The infant's sensory system responds to various stimuli in the surrounding environment. When infants smell the \"scent\" of a \"red ball\", they are detecting the \"scent\" of the ball, as color is a visual experience. In assuming that this ball is made of rubber, their olfactory system encounters the specific chemical signal of \"rubber scent\" for the first time. Through frequent exposure, the infant accumulates experience with this scent, and each interaction leaves an imprint in the infant's cognitive space, eventually transitioning from a singular olfactory stimulus to an association with the physical object. The infant gradually forms a semantic space through repeated interactions from these concrete experiences, generating abstract concepts such as \"scent\" and \"rubber scent\". The  
Figure 3: Schematic of infant auditory semantics based on information. \"scent\" of the ball becomes not just limited to a specific rubber ball but broadly refers to the \"scent\" emitted by all similarly textured balls. From a data perspective, when infants recognize a \"rubber-scented\" ball, they not only smell the \"rubber scent\" but also perceive the ball's presence through vision, touch, and other sensory inputs, such as the ball's \"shape\" and \"texture\". Through initial perception, repeated experiences, and cross-sensory associations, the semantic space of the \"rubber-scented\" ball is formed, leading to the generation of the concept. The detailed analytical process is similar to that of vision. On the information, the infant needs to compare different \"scents\" to form a semantic space and concept of \"scent differences\". From birth, the infant uses their olfactory system to perceive various scents in the surrounding environment. The infant can distinguish \"scent differences\" by comparing the essential characteristics of scent components, such as intensity, duration, and quality. In terms of intensity, the infant reacts to different scent intensities through facial expressions, movements, and sounds after detecting a scent. Regarding duration, the infant can perceive changes in scent over time (e.g., as it fades or diminishes). In terms of quality, the infant learns the specific patterns of a scent through repeated exposure to the same type of scent. The decomposition of the semantic space for \"scent differences\" is as follows:  
\(Input(nose)=S_{t},N_{k}\). At time \(t\), the infant receives an olfactory stimulus. **Processing A. Intensity Comparison**  
\(\exists t,k\in T\), \((S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(S,t)\wedge S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(N,k))\Rightarrow C _{\mathit{strength}}(S,N)\)  
The infant learns about intensity by observing their reactions to different scent intensities. **B. Duration Comparison**  
\(\exists t_{1},t_{2},k_{1},k_{2}\in T\), \((S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(S,t_{1})\wedge S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(S,t_{2})\wedge S _{\mathit{olfactory}}(N,k_{1})\wedge S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(N,k_{2})\wedge| \Delta t-\Delta k|>\theta)\Rightarrow C_{\mathit{duration}}(S,N)\)  
The infant can perceive changes in scent over time. If a scent suddenly disappears or gradually weakens, the infant's brain notices this change and considers it a distinguishing feature. Here, \(t_{1}\),\(t_{2}\),\(k_{1}\), and \(k_{2}\) represent the first and second instances of receiving the olfactory stimuli functions S and N, respectively. **C. Similarity Comparison**  
\(\exists t,k\in T\), \((S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(S,t)\wedge S_{\mathit{olfactory}}(N,k)\wedge Dist(S,N)) \Rightarrow C_{\mathit{similarity}}(S,N)\)  
The infant distinguishes between scents by comparing their similarity. The function \(Dist(S,N)\) is used to search for the unknown scent within the existing scent semantic space. If the scent does not exist in the space, it is added to the existing scent semantic space.