# Efficient Mobile Vehicle Data Sharing Scheme Based on Consortium Blockchain
###### Abstract  
Efficient data sharing schemes are one of the key technologies in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, the insufficient willingness of vehicle users to provide data makes the traditional blockchain-based IoV network have low throughput. The income of IoV providers decreases when the vehicle density increases on the road. In this paper, we investigated a mobile vehicle data sharing scheme based on the consortium blockchain. In detail, the consortium blockchain was used to limit the degree of decentralization and openness, and the optimal revenue strategy approach between vehicles and data-demand devices was obtained through the Stackelberg game. The load test library based on Node.js was used to simulate and compare the data transmission performance of the proposed consortium blockchain with traditional blockchain schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme had higher buyer's revenue, and the block transmission performance was significantly higher than that of traditional blockchain schemes.  
IoV; consortium blockchain; Stackelberg game; data sharing +
Footnote †: journal: Medical  
single node are small, it is very expensive to build a public blockchain at this time, and this solution is not ideal for large-scale IoV data sharing networks. Ref. [9] created a model based on federated blockchain, which needs to meet specific privacy conditions to protect vehicle privacy and provide a guarantee for information security sharing. In terms of cost, this scheme is significantly superior to public blockchain. Ref. [10] proposed an interactive security approach based on blockchain for electric vehicles.  
However, the existing data sharing and transmission schemes for mobile vehicles in IoV still have some problems, such as: privacy threats, transmission security risks and low sharing efficiency. The traditional blockchain can be used in the IoV data sharing scheme, but it will cause longer transaction confirmation times. To address these problems, we propose an efficient data sharing scheme for mobile vehicles on the road based on the consortium blockchain; the Stackelberg game is used to ensure data exchange efficiency among vehicles. The main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows:  
1. We design a mobile vehicle data security sharing model based on the consortium blockchain.
2. The Stackelberg game is used to ensure data exchange efficiency between vehicles (data sellers) and demand entities (data buyers, such as traffic scheduling centers and autonomous driving companies). We adopt a special architecture to provide sufficient security for privacy and data sharing of both, to improve the system data transmission efficiency.
3. We conduct a set of simulations to show that the proposed data sharing scheme can improve the data transmission efficiency and that the privacy of vehicles is guaranteed.  
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we describe the system model, and in Section 3, the process of data sharing based on the consortium blockchain is proposed. In Section 4, we present the problem formulation and solution algorithm. We present the simulation analysis in Section 5. Finally, Section 6 contains the conclusion of this paper presented.