## 4 A Demonstration Project Report  
A demonstration project of ORC system with R123 as working fluid was established in Liulin, Shanxi province, P. R. China. This project is used for the waste heat recover of flue gas from a gas-fired internal combustion engine generator unit. Figure 26 presents a photograph of the ORC system demonstration project. Its scheme is depicted in Figure 27. The working condition parameters of the demonstration ORC system are listed in Table 5. Its output power is 11 kW. Figure 26: Demonstration project of ORC system used for the waste heat recovery of flue gas from a gas-fired internal combustion engine generator unit. Figure 25: Present Value of Total Profit in System Service Life of ORC system with different mass flow rates of heat source. The investment cost of the equipment used in the demonstration ORC system is listed in Table 6. Table 7 gives the value of economic indicators used to analyze the economic performance of demonstration ORC system. In the previous section, the calculation results show that the optimal evaporation temperature of R123 is 125 \({}^{\circ}\)C, optimal condensation temperature is 33 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and optimal heat source temperature is \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Equipment** & **Price (\%/8)** \\ \hline Plate heat exchanger used for preheating & 4000/576 \\ Evaporator & 58,000/8357 \\ Condenser & 23,000/3314 \\ Cooling tower & 5400/778 \\ Single screw expander & 25,000/3602 \\ Circulating pump for working fluid & 9352/1348 \\ Working fluid, R123 & 17,000/2450 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Investment of each equipment used in demonstration ORC system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Working Condition Parameter** & **Value** \\ \hline Heat source temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & 330–450 \\ Mass flow rate of flue gas (heat source) (kg/h) & 1700 \\ Type of evaporator & shell-and-tube heat exchanger \\ Evaporation temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & 108–118 \\ \hline Type of condenser & tube-in-tube heat exchanger \\ Condensation temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & 30 \\ Cooling water temperature (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & 20 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Working condition parameters of the demonstration ORC system. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Equipment** & **Price (\%/8)** \\ \hline Plate heat exchanger used for preheating & 4000/576 \\ Evaporator & 58,000/8357 \\ Condenser & 23,000/3314 \\ Cooling tower & 5400/778 \\ Single screw expander & 25,000/3602 \\ Circulating pump for working fluid & 9352/1348 \\ Working fluid, R123 & 17,000/2450 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Investment of each equipment used in demonstration ORC system. Figure 27: Scheme of the demonstration project of ORC system. 217 \({}^{\circ}\)C. For R245 fa, the optimal evaporation temperature is 122 \({}^{\circ}\)C, optimal condensation temperature is 27 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and optimal heat source temperature is 177 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Figure 28 depicts the proportion of equipment investment in the ORC system with R123 as working fluid at the optimal evaporation temperature, optimal condensation temperature, and optimal heat source temperature. The proportion of equipment investment in demonstration project is also depicted in Figure 28. The proportion of equipment investment in the ORC system with R245 fa as working fluid at the optimal evaporation temperature, optimal condensation temperature, and optimal heat source temperature is depicted in Figure 29.  
For R123 and R245 fa systems, it was found that the investment in heat exchanger accounted for the largest proportion, followed by expander, then pump, and the least was the investment in working fluid. For the demonstration project, the investment in heat exchanger accounted for the largest proportion, followed by expander, working fluid accounts for the third, and the least was the investment in pump.