## 3 An Outlook on the Integration of Industry 5.0 and Digital Health
### Enabling Technologies
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Enabling Technology in** & **Clinical Applications** & **References** \\ \hline Big Data and Analytics & - & enhance the accuracy and reliability of predictions and enable healthcare organisations to make better-informed decisions & [53] \\ Big Data and Analytics & - & address concerns on the quality of the data used to train these algorithms and can improve the transparency and accountability of the algorithms & [54] \\ \hline - & envision personalised healthcare to incorporate human-centric attributes & [55] \\ \hline - & support the collection of real-time data from a variety of sources, such as wearable devices and electronic health records, which can be used to create and update the digital twin instantaneously & [56; 57; 58] \\ Digital Twins and Real-Time Data & - & simulate the progression of a disease and test different treatment options to improve disease diagnosis and treatment & [59] \\ \hline - & develop a deeper understanding of complex healthcare systems and improve the quality of care provided to patients & [60] \\ \hline - & optimise the supply chain of pharmaceutical and medical products and affect the efficiency of production & [61] \\ \hline - & beneficial in delivering different daily services efficiently, such as sterilisisation, cleaning, and logistics, in the healthcare domain & [62] \\ \hline Collaborative Robots (Cobots) & - & analyse large amounts of patient data, identify patterns, and make predictions about patient health & [63; 64] \\ \hline - & [concern:] safety of patients and professionals must be prioritised by adhering to strict regulations and guidelines during cobot design and implementation & [65] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._Figure 2 further visually illustrates the relationship between, and dynamics within, the technological transformations of each industrial revolution epoch from the first, denoted as 1 IR, to the latest (5 IR) (now underway) [33] and their impact on healthcare education and training. It serves as a roadmap, highlighting each epoch's technological advancements and the evolving knowledge and skills, abilities, and changes in healthcare education and training for each [74]. Recognising these shifts provides a deeper understanding of the crucial role of embracing and aligning healthcare education with industrial revolutions to equip professionals with the necessary competencies to thrive in the future healthcare environment. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Enabling Technology in Industrial Revolution** & **Clinical Applications** & **References** \\ \hline
6G Technology & - & support telemedicine and remote healthcare delivery, enabling real-time communication and improved data transfer & [66; 67] \\ \hline
6G Technology & - & improve the accessibility and quality of care with the integrated use of wearable healthcare devices, particularly in remote or underserved areas & [68] \\ \hline
6G Technology & - & [concern:] 6G technology advances; new regulations and guidelines governing its use in healthcare will need to emerge & [69] \\ \hline
7 & - & develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools & [70] \\ \hline Nanotechnology & - & molecular imaging using nanoparticles in computed tomography (CT) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography & [71] \\ \hline
7 & - & nanomedicine is one of the emerging issues in biomedical engineering and pharmacy & [72; 73] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._Digital health and education, underpinned by relevant enabling technologies (Table 1), presents a transformative opportunity for healthcare disciplines, such as nursing, medicine, and pharmacy. When effectively integrated, these advancements can enhance patient care, streamline healthcare management, and revolutionise health systems worldwide.