# Managing a Smart City Integrated Model through Smart Program Management
## 5 The Smart City Integrated Model  
The Smart city is an abstract projection of future communities, an application and conceptual perimeter defined by a set of needs that find answers in technologies, services, and applications that refer to different domains. The Smart city domains involve almost all sciences, which approach this phenomenon from different perspectives [43] and take into consideration not only \"hard domains\" but also \"soft domains\" [38] that do not necessarily imply the application of ICT but represent crucial aspects of the urban, social, and economic development of a city, such as human capital, education, culture, policy innovations, social inclusion, and government [19; 44]. However, the most generalconceptual approach to a Smart city includes six dimensions that are common to several already proposed models: people, government, economy, mobility, environment, and living [45] that play a fundamental role in the design of a Smart city strategy [46]. Increasing environmental consciousness, urbanization, and technological development has led to the need to rethink how to construct and manage cities, converging under the concept of Smart sustainable cities [47]. A general goal of Smart cities is to improve sustainability with the help of technologies [48] analyzing the indicators of the frameworks adopted to evaluate both sustainable and smart urban performances.  
An analysis of different definitions, models, and approaches highlights some common aspects of Smart cities; or rather, the existence of a layered architecture [49] and the use of ICT as the glue element and enabling factor. These considerations allow to conceptually organize a Smart city based on a two-dimensional integrated model: horizontal dimension and vertical dimension.  
The horizontal dimension represents a set of four overlapping technological layers (Figure 1):  
1. Network and infrastructure: the construction of a Smart city is based on this layer which involves telecommunication, mobility, energy, and environment (layer 1).
2. Sensors: level centered on IoT in order to collect big data from connected objects in the city that capture data on infrastructure, environment, and user behavior (layer 2).
3. Service delivery platform: enables platforms able to elaborate and enhance the big data of the territory generated by the other layers in order to improve the existing services and create new ones (layer 3).
4. Application and services: layer of service applications, provided through mobile and web applications, which represent the interface with the end users (layer 4).  
The vertical dimension includes the thematic areas or application domains in a Smart city (Figure 2). These domains are identified and described by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [12] and extended in a project conducted at the Vienna University of Technology [49]. In this research, according to the \"Agenda Urbana\" [14], the domains considered are: people, energy, economy, mobility, living, environment, planning, government.  
The result of the interaction between technological layers and application domains (Figure 3) contributes to the development of a Smart city and its smart services. In this integrated model a smart project may interact with multiple application domains and span over several technological layers.  
Figure 1: Horizontal dimension of a Smart city.