###### Abstract
TMDs are favored for their energy efficiency and low maintenance costs [7; 8; 9]. Several researchers have explored innovative applications of TMD systems, such as utilizing multiple TMDs to address vibrations across different frequency bands [10]. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [10] developed a multiple TMD system designed to mitigate vibrations induced by walking, running, and jumping activities, each with distinct frequency characteristics. The effectiveness of TMD systems in mitigating vibrations has led to a growing research interest in this area, as evidenced by recent studies like [PERSON] et al. [11]. [PERSON] et al. [11] investigated vibration control in long-span steel pedestrian corridors subjected to crowd-induced vibrations, employing a combination of field measurements and numerical simulations. Specifically, the study conducted field modal tests on a multi-tower structure's steel corridor and analyzed the acceleration response to pedestrian traffic. [PERSON] et al. [12] provided recommended parameters for the transverse vibration reduction design of long-span pedestrian arch bridges by setting TMDs on both the arch ribs and the bridge deck. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of a tuned mass damper (TMD) system in effectively managing vibrations induced by pedestrian activities. Various passive techniques offer advantages over traditional TMDs in addressing human-induced vibrations. For instance, [PERSON] et al. [13] developed a hybrid control scheme incorporating steel braces and eddy current tuned mass dampers to enhance structural stiffness and damping ratios, respectively, in controlling human-induced vibrations on road bridges. [PERSON] et al. [14] introduced a band gap in footbridges and proposed a novel technique using inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers. [PERSON] et al. [15] proposed a modified damper based on a vertical tuned liquid column gas damper to mitigate excessive floor vibrations induced by human walking. Despite the advantages of passive techniques, they face challenges in maintaining optimal performance when dealing with structures exhibiting fluctuating modal parameters or excitation at varying frequency ranges. In such cases, semi-active techniques, capable of adjusting mass, damping, or stiffness, are commonly employed [16; 17; 18]. However, for lower vibration levels typical of human activity, including non-resonant excitations, passive or semi-active TMDs may exhibit dead zones, limiting their effectiveness in service [19]. The limitations of passive and semi-active techniques have prompted a growing interest in active vibration control (AVC) methodologies [20]. The state of the art [20] emphasizes the need for these AVC algorithms to be robust, versatile, and easy to implement, while allowing for flexible performance goal setting. Thus, AVC can offer the advantage of adaptability to varying excitation frequencies and modal parameters, potentially providing more effective solutions for mitigating structural vibrations. The actuators used in AVC can be rotor dampers [21], pneumatic muscle actuators [22], or inertial mass dampers [23], among others. In [21], a Twin Rotor Damper (TRD) was used, which is an active mass damper with two rotating masses, designed to mitigate vibrations on footbridges caused by human activity. A prototype of this system has been successfully implemented on a narrow steel footbridge that was prone to such vibrations, demonstrating the TRD's effectiveness in a practical setting. In [22], a Delayed Modal Velocity Feedback Control strategy, which was based on a modal state-space model derived from the bridge, is proposed. The method's effectiveness was demonstrated through experiments that successfully controlled the bridge's vertical resonance modes. In [23], an active tuned mass damper (ATMD) system based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) approach is proposed. This work concluded that AVC can significantly control both non-resonant structural responses and resonant vibrations.