## 3 Results
### Energy Use  
In order to provide a thorough understanding of the building's energy consumption, utility billing data for the academic year (October 2023-September 2024) were consolidated, as presented in Figure 6. The building's educational activities rely on electricity and natural gas in terms of energy. While natural gas is used only for the heating system, electricity is essential for various functions, including lighting, laboratories, equipment, internet, computers, domestic hot water, and more.  
Figure 4: Monthly average thermal comfort parameters within the educational facility.  
Due to the geographical positioning of the building, high natural gas consumption can be observed during the cold season, and almost zero consumption is seen during the warm season. The natural gas consumption was highest in January when the outside temperature reached its lowest point during the period studied.  
Figure 5: Monthly average CO\({}_{2}\) concentrations, lighting, and sound levels within the case study building.  
Figure 6: Monthly consumption of electricity and natural gas.  
Electricity consumption is more predictable than gas consumption and does not depend on weather as much as natural gas consumption. From November to January, the consumption remains nearly the same each month due to consistent building activity and an equal number of daylight hours. Other months with similar consumption patterns include February-March, October, April, May-July, and August-September. Based on the BEMS installed in the educational facility, a daily electricity consumption report was generated and is presented in Figure 7.  
The mean daily electricity consumption is approximately 295 kWh, with a peak value of 572 kWh recorded in December and a minimum value of 96 kWh in July. Since the minimum value occurs during the vacation period, it may not accurately reflect the overall mean for the academic year. To provide a more precise analysis, the mean consumption from October to June was calculated at 345 kWh, with the minimum value during this period being 101 kWh.  
To illustrate the building's electricity consumption patterns, a 3D graphical representation was created for the entire academic year, as shown in Figure 8. This figure highlights the periods of the highest consumption, revealing that during the cold season, the daily electricity usage typically ranges between 400 and 500 kWh, occasionally exceeding 500 kWh. Approximately 23% of the studied period shows a daily consumption between 300 and 400 kWh, while 30% of the time, the usage falls below 300 kWh. This lower consumption corresponds to the warmer months with longer daylight hours and includes vacation periods when building activities are significantly reduced.  
Figure 7: Daily electricity consumption (October 2023–September 2024).  
Based on the collected energy consumption data, the energy use intensity (EUI) was calculated using the following formula [49]:  
\[EUI=\frac{total\ annual\ energy\ consumption\ [kWh]}{total\ building\ floor\ area\ [m^{2}]} \tag{1}\]  
This calculation resulted in an EUI of 90.19 kWh/m\({}^{2}\)/year for the building in question.  
To thoroughly understand the energy consumption, the energy performance index (EPI) was also calculated using the following equation [50]:  
\[EPI=\frac{total\ annual\ energy\ consumption\ [kWh]}{total\ built-up\ area\ [m^{2}]} \tag{2}\]  
The resulting EPI was 75.16 kWh/m\({}^{2}\)/year.