## 1 Introduction  
In recent years, the importance and necessity for power generation systems based on renewable power sources have become a primary focus of research [1; 2]. Through the improvement and implementation of the power generation systems based on natural energy, it will be possible to solve the issue of CO\({}_{2}\) emissions. The importance of rechargeable batteries nowadays is increasing from portable electronic devices and solar energy industry up to the development of new electrical vehicle (EV) models. In addition, the necessity for larger, efficient, and reliable storage systems is heightened. rechargeable batteries are considered as the most common storage devices. Nowadays,the battery storage system (BSS) has been drastically improved through the improvement of battery technology and the implementation of different types of sensors to measure complex parameters such as static/dynamic temperature distribution, aging effects, increase of the internal impedance, humidity, balancing the SoC of the cells inside each module, and the ability to operate without problems during heavy stress conditions or in dynamic loads [3; 4; 5]. However, the actual diagnostical technology cannot make an accurate and reliable diagnosis in real-time; also it is necessary to stop the operation of the device for full service which would mean an extra cost for the non-operation of the system while in maintenance. A fast increase of the EV in the period 2020-2030 is statistically estimated based on the global institutes related to smart vehicles and EVs. This leads to the increase of rechargeable BSS mostly based on Li-Ion and its derived chemistries. However, despite the fact of increased production, it is necessary to maximize the usage of the actual batteries, as well as to evaluate how to reuse again the deteriorated battery in different industry applications. The battery is the most important part of EVs, which provides the energy, but still another more advanced system should and needs to direct and control it for the purposes of operating everything else in the EV. The main challenges of a battery in an electric vehicle (BEV) are the limited mileage of operation, high cost, battery issues and non-standardization and undergoing optimization of charging infrastructure. Since the batteries in a BSS are always in the charging/discharging process, its deterioration characteristics and behavior should be included and recognized starting from the early design stage of the storage system. The application fields are not restricted since the developed simulator has the capability of arbitrary current control, i.e., waveform, amplitude, duty cycle. It is useful not only for the design and test of EV's BSS but also those of PV and wind turbine generation. In the case of the PV and wind turbine, the scaling factor of the system includes some parameters by assuming or predicting the power generation and/or load power which is affected by various parameters such as the intensity of solar radiation and wind speed. Another important matter, which distinguishes the EV's manufacturers nowadays, is the charging speed. The battery cells have to be developed in consideration with the capability of quick charge without suffering from a tremendous loss of age and keeping into consideration elevated temperatures which might cause ignition and explosions. These abilities affect and change the fundamental design of the battery. This design includes the chemical properties of the new batteries, by defining how their chemical structure should be formulated. On the other hand, it is important to design the pack composition in a way to satisfy the required energy and maintaining the temperature inside the allowable range. This requires an advanced cooling system, which should consider the necessity of small size, low power loss and lightweight. It is necessary to fully understand of the process in minimal detail because certain interactions are almost impossible to be calculated mathematically with real results and to be sure of the accuracy.