# Impacts of Drought and Heatwave on the Vegetation and Ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin in 2022
## 5 Conclusions  
We used environmental data, multiple vegetation productivity indices, and ecosystem data to investigate the impacts of the 2022 summer compound drought-heatwave on vegetation growth and ecosystem carbon balance in the Yangtze River Basin. The research indicates that this extreme climate event has caused significant damage to vegetation growth and ecosystem carbon balance. We also found that NDVI responds faster to damaged vegetation than SIF, while SIF better captures the intensity of vegetation damage. Furthermore, the degree of vegetation damage correlates closely with anomalies in soil moisture and vapor pressure deficit. Additionally, forest ecosystems exhibit stronger self-protection mechanisms and are slightly less affected by the compound drought-heatwave compared to croplands. This study enhances our understanding of vegetation and ecosystem responses under heatwave drought conditions. In the future, if similar extreme climate events occur more frequently, our research will help researchers select appropriate indicators to assess vegetation responses and accurately predict their correlation with environmental factors.  
Conceptualization, S.C., R.Q., Y.C., W.G. and G.H.; data curation, S.C. and R.Q.; formal analysis, S.C.; investigation, S.C. and R.Q.; methodology, S.C., R.Q., W.G. and G.H.; resources, S.C. and R.Q.; software, S.C. and R.Q.; supervision, W.G. and G.H.; validation, Y.C., W.G. and G.H.; visualization, S.C. and R.Q.; writing--original draft, S.C. and R.Q.; writing--review and editing, S.C., R.Q., Y.C., W.G. and G.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This study was funded by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation (grants no. 2023 AFB834 and no. 202 CFD015) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (4106-413000027 and 2042022 dx0002).  
The data that support our findings are openly available. The ERA5 monthly climate dataset is available at [[https://cds.climate.opernicus.eu/](https://cds.climate.opernicus.eu/)]([https://cds.climate.opernicus.eu/](https://cds.climate.opernicus.eu/)) (accessed on 21 March 2024); the MODIS vegetation indices (NDVI) is available at [[https://zenodo.org/records/82539971/](https://zenodo.org/records/82539971/)]([https://zenodo.org/records/82539971/](https://zenodo.org/records/82539971/)) (accessed on 24 March 2024); the GOSIF dataset is available through [[http://data.globalecology.unh.edu/data/GOSIF_v2/](http://data.globalecology.unh.edu/data/GOSIF_v2/)]([http://data.globalecology.unh.edu/data/GOSIF_v2/](http://data.globalecology.unh.edu/data/GOSIF_v2/)) (accessed on 24 March 2024); the GPP dataset is available at Google Earth Engine; and the NEE dataset is provided at [[https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/](https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/)]([https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/](https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/)) (accessed on 25 March 2024).  
I affirm that this paper contains original and unpublished content not currently under review for publication elsewhere. All listed authors have endorsed the enclosed manuscript. We confirm that there are no financial or personal relationships with individuals or organizations that could unduly influence our work. Furthermore, we have no professional or personal interests in any product, service, or company that could bias the position put forth in the manuscript titled \"Impacts of drought and heatwave on vegetation and ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin in 2022\".