privatization of property rights. In China, the improvement of the grassland environment would be realized through the compulsory action of the national policy system. In response to the situation of the grassland degradation and desertification expansion in the agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China, a comprehensive grazing prohibition policy (GPP) was implemented in 2003. This policy is an important measure for the project of returning grazing to grass that was implemented in 11 western provinces including Inner Mongolia, and the Ningxia and Gansu provinces. The main component of the GPP is the exchange of subsidies, including forages, feed grain, and subsidies granted for policy considerations, through the containment of degraded grassland and the prohibition of grazing. The government subsidized feed grain per year for grazing prohibition by 82.50 kg/ha since 2003. After 2005, in some severely degraded grasslands, the subsidy form changed from feed grain type to cash type, and the reseeding grass seed subsidy was $23.10/ha [3]. During 2011-2015, the subsidy increased by $13.85/ha and a $76.90 production subsidy for each household was granted. This has increased by $17.31/ha per year since 2016. In the past 15 years, grassland ecology has recovered remarkably and the local socio-economic benefits are significant. Meanwhile, after more than a 10-year process of the GPP, new problems have gradually emerged. Against the background of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization and green development, the following is the key to ensure the sustainable restoration of grassland ecological: The detailed analysis and scientific evaluation of the GPP, and the consideration of future development policy. Human cognition and the awakening of eco-environmental changes directly determined the style and level of people's production and life and even indirectly affected the sustainable development of the regional eco-environment. The research on environmental change cognition of herdsmen is a hot topic in recent years, and results are abundant. The characteristics of herdsmen's perception of the environment are mainly manifested in their perceived groups, differences, spatial levels, and the correlation with the livelihood of herdsmen [4; 5; 6]. Different to the herdsmen, local government managers play a dual role. They are not only the representatives of the local microcosmic subject, but also the practitioners of the national development strategy [7]. Their environmental perception is very important to solve the local ecological problem. LGMs, as executors of national policies and planners of regional development, directly affect herdsmen's livelihood and behavioral decision-making to a certain degree. Because local government managers' perceptions of ecological environment change are more clear, objective, and comprehensive than that of herdsmen. The influence of LGMs on regional ecological environment is more and more direct. The GPP has been implemented for 15 years. How to timely adjust the grazing prohibition policy: Ban or lift? In order to analyze this problem, we conducted a case study on LGMs in the Yanchi County of Ningxia. Yanchi County is a typical ecological transition zone and desert grassland, which is located in the southwestern agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. Grazing has been banned since November 2002. The land-use in Yanchi County is influenced by human activities and ecological policies, where the positive and negative processes of desertification are in contrast. With the process of the GPP, more problems abound and are outstanding, such as stall-feeding, trespass grazing, and the transformation of herdsmen's livelihood. This area is a typical example of a comprehensive analysis of the GPP.