# Comparison of Monkeypox and Wart DNA Sequences with Deep Learning Model
###### Abstract  
After the COVID-19 disease, monkeypox disease has emerged today and has started to be seen almost everywhere in the world in a short time. Monkeypox causes symptoms such as fever, chills, and headache in people. In addition, rashes are seen on the skin and lumps are formed. Early diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox, which is a contagious disease, are of great importance. An expert interpretation and clinical examination are usually needed to detect monkeypox. This may cause the treatment process to be slow. Furthermore, monkeypox is sometimes confused with warts. This leads to incorrect diagnosis and treatment. Because of these disadvantages, in this study, the DNA sequences of HPV causing warts and MPV causing monkeypox were analyzed and the classification of these sequences was performed with a deep learning algorithm. The study consisted of four stages. In the first stage, DNA sequences of viruses that cause warts and monkeypox were obtained. In the second stage, these sequences were mapped using various DNA-mapping methods. In the third stage, the mapped sequences were classified using a deep learning algorithm. At the last stage, the performances of DNA-mapping methods were compared by calculating accuracy and F1-score. At the end of the study, an average accuracy of 96.08% and an F1-score of 99.83% were obtained. These results showed that these two diseases can be effectively classified according to their DNA sequences. monkeypox; deep learning; DNA mapping; genome converting 1  
[PERSON]  
1 Department of Software Engineering, Kirklaneli University, Kirklaneli 39000, Turkey 1  
[PERSON]  
2 Department of Software Engineering, Firat University, Elazg 23119, Turkey 2  
[PERSON], [PERSON], M.A. monkeypox can be considered a disease of global importance, as it affects not only West and Central African countries but also the rest of the world, albeit rarely and in small numbers. The first monkeypox epidemic outside of Africa was seen in the United States in 2003. This outbreak has resulted in over seventy cases of monkeypox in the USA. Then, monkeypox occurred in those who traveled from Nigeria to Israel and the United Kingdom in September 2018; to Singapore in May 2019, December 2019, May 2021, and May 2022; and again from Nigeria to the USA in July and November 2021. In May 2022, there were multiple cases of monkeypox in several nonendemic countries. Again, in May 2022, cases were reported in Canada, Australia, Israel, and the United Arab Emirates. The world, which has been worried about the COVID-19 pandemic for about three years, started to worry about the monkeypox virus this time after the announcements of the World Health Organization. Many local and international research and survey studies have been conducted about monkeypox. Some of the studies provide brief information about monkeypox, which has attracted attention again after the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies generally aim to provide information about the clinical course, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention methods of the disease. While some of the studies [3] have questioned whether there is a need for concern, some have focused on surveys to reveal that monkeypox causes less worry [4]. With similar logic, another study presents whether there is a potential crisis or not, from a general point of view [5]. Since monkeypox causes rashes or pustules on the body, in some cases, these lesions are confused with acne, syphilis, herpes, or warts [6]. An expert opinion is required to distinguish between them. However, in some cases, the difference is not completely clear and causes the diagnosis to be made incorrectly. This situation causes the treatment to be wrong and causes the patient to lose time. To prevent such problems, the need for computer-aided systems has arisen [7]. In computer-aided diagnostic systems, skin images are generally used, and it can be determined whether the disease is monkeypox or another disease on these images. However, expert interpretation is required for images to be labelled.