# Implementation of Context Aware e-Health Environments Based on Social Sensor Networks
## 5 Social Sensor System Design and Discussion  
As previously stated, the solution implemented within this work has been developed under the framework of NASISTIC project, in the region of Navarra, in Spain. The NASISTIC project has been deployed in five households (dense urban area in the capital Pamplona, rural, mountain, people at risk of social exclusion and vulnerable older staff) in which medical devices such as Glucometer, Tensiometer, weigh scale, Thermometer, Control and Medication pulsioximeter as well as social sensors (humidity, temperature, presence, _etc._), all based on the hardware-software approach described in this paper, are included. This uniformity in hardware has enabled rapid time-to-market development, reducing overall cost. A schematic description of the NASISTIC architecture, elements and back end is depicted in Figure 14.  
Red Cross in Navarra has been the institution responsible for selecting the pilot users, addressing their training for the use of medical devices and taking the Call Center project. It has also been commissioned to conduct a survey of user satisfaction. In this sense, we can highlight:  
* The proper functioning of the hardware proposed within the standard dimensions of a household in Spain (typically \(<\)90 m\({}^{2}\) as an average value). * The need to simplify as much as possible the use of medical devices. On the contrary, the Social Care system is almost user transparent (plug and play function). This plug and play operation for medical devices is well accepted. * The users showed interest in participating in the pilot deployment phase. From the medical point of view, the service provides them certain levels of self-control. The users have found of particular interest knowing their blood pressure on a daily basis as a security parameter related to cardiac health. From the social point of view, the interest of users has not been as high as with medical parameters. By contrast, in this case family members (second-users) have shown interest in issues such as temperature variation in the monitored homes, flood, _etc._
* The large amount of stored data enables the development of additional projects related to social behavioral patterns, monitoring of chronic patients with social problems such as exclusion, loneliness, energy poverty, _etc._  
Figure 13: Comparison among simulated, RSSI and measured power values introducing RSSI power deviation correction. Figure 14: Overall view of the NASISTIC Social Sensor architecture, as well as an expanded view of the employed sensor test bed (**a**) generic architecture; (**b**) medical and social sensors together with application screenshots. The acquisition devices gather the user's information and they can be divided into following types: medical devices and social sensors. Medical devices perform the acquisition of outstanding biomedical data in order to know the user's health state. Some examples of medical devices are blood pressure, weigh scale, pulsioximeter, glucometer, and pill dispenser, among others. Currently, most of these devices are portable and battery powered. Due to the fact that they are used only a few times a day, these portable devices are generally placed at fixed location in the user's residence; when a biomedical measurement is required, the user takes the medical device and uses it. However, some medical devices require continuous use in order to diagnose a disease suffered by the user. Usually, these devices are worn in the user's body. For this reason, essential features of these medical devices are reduced size and weight, battery powered, high operation autonomy, intelligence, and wireless communication; so-called wearable devices. An example of this type of device is an electrocardiogram monitor that performs continuous acquisition and automatic detection of outstanding cardiac episodes. Social sensors gather the user's environment information as well as data related to his/her behavior and daily activities.