## 1 Introduction  
The current manufacturing and industrial landscapes have witnessed significant growth, fostering the pervasive adoption of automated processes and a heightened need for sophisticated equipment and machinery. With the rise of industrial automation, motors and pipelines spare parts have become integral to machine maintenance. Condition monitoring for fault detection is essential for the safety of the environment, energy conservation, and human health [1, 2]. The interdependence of motors and pipelines in industrial settings is crucial for overall system efficiency and safety. In industries like chemical processing, motors drive pumps that circulate fluids through pipelines. A fault in either component can disrupt the process, affecting efficiency and safety. Identifying faults in both motors and pipelines allows for a comprehensive approach to predictive maintenance, preventing downtime, optimizing maintenance schedules, and enhancing reliability. Failures in motors and pipelines are often interconnected; for example, a pipeline blockage can increase the motor load, leading to overheating and failure. Conversely, motor failure can cause pressure build-up in pipelines. This interdependence is critical in sectors like oil and gas, where component failure can lead to significant production losses and environmental hazards. Compliance with safety standards requires monitoring all critical components, as seen in the pharmaceutical industry, where motor and pipeline integrity is vital for product quality. Examples from the food and beverage industry show that faults in these components can cause contamination and safety hazards, highlighting the need for integrated fault detection systems [3, 4]. This study explores prevalent issues in industrial pipes and motors, focusing on using ultrasonic methods to detect and assess problems like leaks, blockages,and flaws in underground pipes. Pipes are vital for fluid transport over various distances. The vast networks of pipelines stretching for kilometers consist of pipe sections connected by joints. External pressures such as traffic and surface loads can stress these pipes and joints, possibly causing leaks and bursts. The increase in pipeline defects such as cracks, cavitation, corrosion, and various mechanical damages is a major concern for the safety and functionality of pipeline systems. These defects can compromise the integrity of pipelines, leading to potential hazards and disruptions to operations [5; 6]. Mechanical components, particularly in rotor-bearing systems, are prone to wear and failure, often due to bearing faults. These faults can lead to significant machinery downtime and require maintenance or replacement to ensure continued operation [7]. Indeed, diagnosing faults in industrial systems is a crucial aspect of condition-based maintenance. Maintenance engineers focus on this to prevent severe breakdowns, ensuring the systems' safety and reliability. Timely identification and repair of such faults can avert disastrous failures and maintain operational continuity [8; 9]. In addition, ultrasonic fault detection offers high sensitivity for early issue identification, versatility in various applications, and non-destructive testing capabilities [10]. Various studies are conducted for the detection of industrial faults. Acoustic analysis and temperature sensing are long-standing technologies used in monitoring industrial equipment for faults. By effectively preventing equipment failures, these technologies can greatly lower maintenance expenses and reduce periods of inactivity, enhancing overall operational efficiency [11]. The research by [PERSON] et al. [12] combined the dyadic Wavelet transform with the Welch-Bartlett periodogram for effective feature extraction from noisy signals. [PERSON] et al. [13] used FFT techniques to analyze vibration signals in unbalanced rolling bearings, revealing characteristic fault frequencies. [PERSON] et al.