## 5 Implementation Environment
### Optimized Recommendation Module
#### 5.4.1 Project's Credibility Estimation  
In this scenario, we want an objective function to find out the most credible and optimal project recommendation. The most credible project can be defined as a project which falls under user-preferred categories with the highest probability of on-time delivery. We describe and associate a project's credibility with the level of authenticity it has. The authenticity of a project is derived from the patterns of communication in the context of project creator's updates related to the development of the project, keywords used, delivery or reward promises, investors' sentiments, etc. The authenticity of a project is calculated according to Equation (4). We have used the profile related features of the project creator and the content associated elements of a project. \[\textit{Authenticity}\textit{ project}=\left[\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{\textit{ Class}_{ci}}{\textit{Class}_{Bi}}+(\frac{\textit{links}_{social}}{\textit{Res}_{ score}+delay_{post}})\ \right]-\ (X_{w}+\ Y_{w}) \tag{4}\]  
where, \(X_{w}\) and \(Y_{w}\) are the weights associated with class A, and presence of profile pictures, respectively. The definition of each parameter is given in Table 5.  
A project can have multiple comments falling into different topic classes. Therefore, we find the percentage of comments in each topic class. For simplicity, we have divided all the comments into \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Parameters for Authenticity**} & **Explanation** & **Notations** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Content-based**} \\ \hline
1 & Class A & Weightage of comments in Topic\_3 to Topic\_5 & \(X_{w}\) \\
2 & Class B & \%age of comments in Topic\_0 to Topic\_2 \& Topic\_6 & \(\textit{Class}_{Bi}\) \\
3 & Class C & \%age of comments in Topic\_7 to Topic\_11 & \(\textit{Class}_{C}\) \\
4 & Readability score & The measure of content clarity & \(R_{score}\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Profile-based**} \\ \hline
5 & Profile picture & If the project creator has a display picture or not & \(Y_{w}\) \\
6 & Number of social links & External links on profile, e.g., facebook & \(\textit{links}_{social}\) \\
7 & Delay between posts & Avg. delay between updates/comments & \(\textit{delay}_{post}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Definitions of the parameters of authenticity. Figure 7: Optimized project recommendation module based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). three primary types, named as class A, class B, and class C. For negative comments, we have two representative classes as class A and class B while all the other comments are represented by class C. This classification is performed based on the criticality and influence of negative comments towards project authenticity. The nature of the comments in class A is very threatening and unfavorable. Therefore, we have treated this class separately to curtail the risks of unsafe recommendations. Thus, if the percentage of comments in class A is more significant than zero, the value of X\({}_{\text{w}}\) becomes 1, else it remains zero. Our objective function tries to maximize the percentage of class C and searches for the maximum number of social links provided by the project creator. For a project to be successful, creator information is as crucial as the content because it increases the trust of an investor. Therefore, we can infer that the presence of profile picture and external links provided by a project creator are directly proportional to the authenticity of a project. Thus, the presence of a profile picture means, the value of Y\({}_{\text{w}}\) is 0; else its value is 0.5. One common feature of the project creator is related to his patterns of updates and comments referred to as delay\({}_{\text{post}}\). It represents the average gap or delay between any two consecutive updates or comments posted by the creator. It shows the involvement or communication rate of a creator towards the project development.