# Interference Challenges and Management in B5G Network Design: A Comprehensive Review
## 4 Interference in B5G Networks
### Unmanned Arial Vehicle (UAV)
#### 4.4.4 Related Work in UAVs
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Issue** & **Methodologies** & **Advantages** & **Limitations/Future Work** & **Ref.** \\ \hline Minimize the effect of ICI, and DI and enhance the uplink SIR of MBS coverage edge users. & Reverse frequency allocation (RFA) scheme with decoupled association (DeCA). & Increase the SE. & An increase in the density of drones caused significant DI and consequently reduced the UL coverage of the proposed model. & [160] \\ \hline Maximize signal coverage and mitigate interference in complex pipeline networks. & Optimum 3D drone scheme based on two-phase evolution. & The ability to find the optimum and maximum drone deployment in a few steps. & when the number of drones and the distance between them increased, the effect of interference also increased. As a result, the efficiency of the proposed scheme decreased. & [161] \\ \hline Overcome the scarcity of spectrum in UAVs communications and increase SNR to mitigate inter-UAV interference as well as eliminate outage probability. & Joint detection (JD) in a hybrid-duplex (HD) UAV communication system. & Maximize SNR diversification gain with better QoS requirements. & Increasing the inter-UAV interference resulted in increasing the probability of an outage. Thus, the optimal coverage probability of the proposed system decreased. & [162] \\ \hline Optimize the performance of in-band UAV-aided integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks. & Two modes of spatial configuration for UAVs were presented, namely distributed UAVs and drone antenna array (DAA). & Realize an average of 3.1X and 6.7X gains in DL SINR received signal and total sum rate as compared with the baseline scheme. & When the number of UAVs increased, the mutual interference levels between access and backhaul links also increased, and this caused a decrease in the performance of the proposed scheme. & [163] \\ \hline Minimize interference and improve coverage capacity in 3D-UAVs wireless sensor networks. & A generalized side-lobe mitigation strategy applicable to collaboration beamforming (CBF) in 3D-UAVs wireless sensor networks. & Minimize the side-lobe level and maximize the performance capacity of the networks. & The mobility of sensor nodes could be considered. & [164] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: The summary of previous studies of UAVs in the literature. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Issue** & **Methodologies** & **Advantages** & **Limitations/Future Work** & **Ref. ** \\ \hline Calculate the optimal FeICIC & A dedicated sequential & Increase the fifth & & \\ and eICIC criteria & algorithm and an & percentile spectral & The impact of Rician or & \\ independently for all MBSs & algorithm based on & efficiency (\(\mathrm{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text{\text  
Comparison of B5G Networks Architecture Considering Different Types of Interference along with Critical Parameters  
The architecture of B5G networks such as HetNet; D2D; UDN; and UAV have some common interference issues such as co-tier interference, cross-tier interference, inter-cell interference, intra-cell interference, inter-cluster interference, intra-cluster interference, etc. It is essential to conduct a comparison that focuses specifically on the interference in this architecture. Table 6 shows a detailed comparison of different strategies considering various types of interference. It is obvious that co-tier interference, cross-tier interference, and inter-cell interference are the most common types discussed in the interference mitigation issues, and the inter-user interference, drone interference, and mutual interference are the opposite and are rarely mentioned in the literature. The interference level in these architecture networks is highly affected by some critical parameters. Figure 16 shows the relationship between interference level and critical parameters with respect to different architecture networks. In HetNets, the interference level increases when the number of layers increases.