); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1000875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.H. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (SL. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.Z. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (S.Y. ); [EMAIL_ADDRESS] (Z.L.) [PERSON]  
1 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijingevapotranspirationpiration [4; 5]. Operational SM products have been applied to many research fields, including global climate change [6], agricultural applications [7], drought and flood disaster monitoring [8; 9], and weather forecasting [10; 11]. Multiple satellite missions--e.g., the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) missions--provide operational SM products. However, their application is often limited by their coarse spatial resolution [12; 13] and spatiotemporal gaps in their data products [14; 15]. These shortcomings are often mitigated via the production of downscaled and/or gap-filled SM products. For example, the 3 km SMAP SM product (L2_SM_SP) is based on downscaling the enhanced Level 2 SMAP brightness temperature product (L1C_TB_E) using 3 km co-polarized and cross-polarized backscatter measurements provided by Sentinel-1 radars [16]. By applying the semi-physical disaggregation based on physical and theoretical scale change (DisPATCh) method, a ground segment with a 1 km spatial resolution for the SMOS data--known as CATDS--has been developed over the global cover [17]. Likewise, the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) SM product minimizes temporal gaps by combining SM retrievals obtained from multiple active and passive sensors using weighted averaging [15].