# Enhanced Scalability and Security in Blockchain-Based Transportation Systems for Mass Gatherings
## 5 Discussion
### Practitioner Implications
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Conflict/Issue** & **Description** & **Current Solution** & **Proposed Modifications/Additions** & **Practical Solutions** & **References** \\ \hline \hline \multirow{9}{*}{L Latency in Real-World Scenarios} & & & Propose integrating edge computing to process critical data closer to its source. & - Implement edge computing to reduce latency. \\ \cline{3-5}  & Real-world conditions & & & - Enhance the mathematical model to simulate edge processing capacities. & - Use dynamic load balancing and AI-based traffic analytics. \\ \cline{3-5}  & Latency in Real-World traffic, resource allocation) may cause delays in time-sensitive tasks like booking or alerts. & Centralized processing transactions & - Enhance the mathematical model to simulate edge processing capacities. & - Use dynamic load balancing and AI-based traffic analytics. \\ \cline{3-5}  & & & - Shorten dispute windows for faster fraud-proof resolution. & Optimize cooperation between edge nodes and centralized nodes for improved resource allocation. \\ \hline \hline \multirow{9}{*}{Trust and User Adoption} & & & - Provide public-private partnerships to reduce costs for smaller regions. & - Offer educational workshops and intuitive user interfaces. \\ \cline{3-5}  & End-users may hesitate to adopt blockchain-based systems due to complexity or lack of understanding of how the technology works. & & - Provide public-private partnerships to reduce costs for smaller regions. & - Over educational workshops and intuitive user interfaces. \\ \cline{3-5}  & Centralized control in permissioned blockchains & Centralized governance in watchtowers & - Discuss phased adoption strategies, focusing on critical components first. & - Use phased adoption to introduce blockchain gradually. \\ \hline \hline \multirow{9}{*}{Goverance and Decentralization} & & & - Introduce multi-stakeholder governance models to distribute authority. & - Implement DAO-based governance for watchtowers \\ \cline{3-5}  & Centralized governance in collaboration & & - Use decentralized validation networks (watchtowers). & - Use BFT consensus mechanisms to improve blockchain resilience. \\ \cline{3-5}  & & & - Incorporate AI-driven predictive analytics to allocate resources dynamically. & \multirow{10}{*}{[54]} \\ \cline{3-5}  & & & - Utilize adaptive resource allocation to prioritize tasks during peak times. & - Use predictive traffic analytics to optimize transaction flow during peak periods. & \\ \cline{3-5}  & & & - Utilize adaptive resource allocation to prioritize tasks during peak times. & - Use predictive traffic analytics to optimize transaction flow during peak periods. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: _Cont._  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Conflict/Issue** & **Description** & **Current Solution** & **Proposed Modifications** & **Practical Solutions** & **References** \\ \hline
1. Scalability (Trust Issues in Off-Chain solutions, such as State Channels and Rollups, require trust among participants, which can lead to disputes mechanisms if transactions are manipulated or invalid before being finalized on-chain. & \ \begin{tabular}{c} Comparative \\ analysis of \\ ZK-Rollups versus \\ Optimistic Rollups \\ in terms of latency, scalability, and trust. \\ \end{tabular}  & \begin{tabular}{c} - Implement fraud \\ proofs and \\ watchtower \\ mechanisms. \\ \end{tabular}  \\
2. Vulnerability Attack & \begin{tabular}{c} Off-chain solutions, such as State Channels and \\ Channels and \\ Rollups, require trust among participants, which can lead to disputes \\ if transactions are \\ manipulated or \\ invalidated before \\ being finalized \\ on-chain. \\ \end{tabular}  & \begin{tabular}{c} Fraud proofs \\ and watchtower \\ mechanisms \\ \end{tabular}  & \ \begin{tabular}{c} Comparative \\ analysis of \\ ZK-Rollups versus \\ Optimistic Rollups \\ in terms of latency, scalability, and trust. \\ \end{tabular}  &