## 1 Introduction
Part of the research focuses on the development of novel driving mechanisms, such as the use of superconducting magnetic levitation technology to reduce friction resistance and improve lifting efficiency. In addition, many universities and research institutes have carried out theoretical analysis and calculation for the mechanical model and energy conversion efficiency of the hoisting system. By establishing mathematical models, researchers have discussed the system performance and optimization methods under different lifting methods to improve the traditional hoisting technology, such as optimizing the performance of the motor and improving the structure of the transmission device so as to improve the reliability and stability of the system, as well as conducting basic research on new hoisting technologies, such as exploring the use of linear motors or electric cylinders to achieve hoisting functions. In 2013, Fraenkel Weight in the UK proposed a gravity energy storage scheme based on a single winch hoist [8]. In 2018, Gezhouba Zhongke Energy Storage Technology Co., Ltd. proposed a gravity energy storage scheme using a mine elevator to hoist a single heavy load [9]. In 2019, the China Coal Energy Research Institute proposed a gravity energy storage scheme using a mine elevator to hoist multiple heavy loads [10]. In 2020, Gravitricity in the UK proposed a gravity energy storage scheme based on multiple winch hoists to hoist single or multiple heavy loads [11], and completed a 250 kW principle demonstration system test with a 15 m-deep drilling platform [12]. In 2021, American scholars proposed a gravity energy storage scheme for hoisting multiple heavy loads in a vertical shaft using two independent winch hoists [13]. In 2021, the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed a gravity energy storage scheme based on hoisting multiple weights with a gantry hoist [14; 15; 16]. In the scheme, automatic hoisting devices or cages are used to achieve the hoisting of multiple heavy loads, and multiple heavy objects are placed horizontally in the roadway or vertically stacked in the shaft. [PERSON] et al. [17] put forward the scheme of building an energy storage tower in a vertical or inclined shaft, and listed their respective application scenarios. The existing research is still in the conceptual stage of designing a vertical shaft gravity energy storage system with light load and low lifting height, and there has been no research on the design of a vertical shaft gravity energy storage friction hoisting system under kilometer-level, large transportation distance, large load, and high lifting speed conditions. Therefore, a design method for a vertical shaft gravity energy storage friction hoisting system is proposed herein. The parameters of the hoisting rope, balance rope, friction wheel, and derrick of the friction hoisting system under the typical hoisting condition were calculated. The static and dynamic anti-slip capabilities of the friction hoisting system under typical hoisting conditions were investigated. The research results have definite guiding significance for the design of a multi-rope friction gravity energy storage system and ensuring the safety and stability of the system.