## 4 Discussion  
The present study compared body composition test outcomes from the InBody S10 BIA device and Norland Elite DXA both at the whole-body and segmental level (i.e., right arm and right leg) in young healthy men and women. Our results showed that BIA yielded significantly lower whole-body fat% and whole-body fat mass values but higher whole-body lean mass values compared to DXA, regardless of the participant's sex. The Bland-Altman plots supported this finding by consistently demonstrating lower body fat% and whole-body fat mass values as well as higher whole-body lean mass values against DXA outcomes in both male and female young healthy adults. In turn, strong to very strong positive correlations for all whole-body outcome measures were observed, with a significantly stronger correlation in men than women for lean mass in particular. Specifically in men, significantly higher values in bone mineral content were also observed in BIA compared to DXA, whereas in women, no significant difference was found between the two body composition assessment methods. Although comparison with previous literature is challenging due to the use of different devices and study populations, the findings of the current study are more or less in agreement with the results of previous work in a similar study population in terms of age [16; 23; 24; 25]. However, our results contradict those of the study performed by [PERSON] et al. [26] in which no significant difference was found between the Inbody S10 and the Hologic Discovery DXA for whole-body fat%, whole-body fat mass and whole-body fat-free mass, regardless of sex. Likewise, our results are inconsistent with the study performed by [PERSON] et al. [17] as their linear regression analysis revealed good agreement between a multifrequency BIA (i.e., Irbody 520 and 720) and DXA (i.e., Biospace) for whole-body fat mass and fat-free mass. This discrepancy in findings may in part be related to the differences in study population. [PERSON] et al. [26] included hemodialysis patients instead of healthy participants, whilst the study of [PERSON] et al. [17] consisted of somewhat older participants (i.e., 27 \(\pm\) 6 years) with a higher BMI (i.e., 25.8 \(\pm\) 4.5 kg/m\({}^{2}\)) compared to the participants in the present study sample. In accordance with the current study, previous research showed that BIA provided lower body fat% values and higher whole-body fat-free mass values in normal weight participants but higher body fat% values and lower whole-body fat-free mass values in obese participants when compared to DXA [27]. In recent years, segmental body composition has gained more attention because of its link with health, sport performance and injury risk [4; 5]. However, to date, the level of agreement between the segmental analysis of BIA and DXA body composition estimates in both sexes remains largely unclear. In this respect, our innovative study showed no significant difference in segmental fat mass of the right arm between BIA (i.e., Inbody S10) and DXA (i.e., Norland Elite) for both men and women, whereas both sexes displayed significantly lower right leg fat mass values in BIA compared to DXA. These results were accompanied with negligible to weak correlation coefficients and are partially in line with the results reported by [PERSON] et al. [28]. Despite the strong to very strong correlations between body composition assessment methods, this latter study showed significantly lower fat mass and higher lean mass values in BIA (i.e., Quantum IV) compared to DXA (i.e., Lunar iDXA) in both the right arm and right leg. However, it should be noted that this study by [PERSON] et al. [28] only analyzed the level of agreement of a mixed sample in terms of participant sex (i.e., including both men and women). Instead, [PERSON] [23] investigated sex-specific segmental body composition differences between BIA and DXA in 28 men and 45 women and demonstrated significant lower fat mass using the Quantum IV BIA against the GE Lunar Prodigy DXA both in the arms and legs among men.