# Improvement of Mesh Atomizer Performance by Electrolytic Polishing
## 5 Experimental Analysis of Atomization Amount
### Atomization Amount Measurement  
To further verify the influence of electrolytic polishing on atomization amount, the atomization amount measurement scheme was designed as follows: In the experiment, the output of the signal generator was placed in a sinusoidal gear (an oscilloscope was used to capture the sinusoidal signal in the figure) to obtain the AC voltage. A power amplifier was used to amplify the signal as the driver, the atomizer was connected, and the oscilloscope was used to monitor the input signal of the atomizer. The liquid in the experiment was distilled water. Figure 9 depicts the atomization experiment device. Before the experiment, the atomizer with water was first placed on a balance. When the time reached 1 min, the power supply to the atomizer was stopped. At this time, the value reduction displayed in the balance was the atomization amount of the atomizer. The atomization volume of the above eight groups of piezoelectric atomizers with an operating voltage of 45 V and polishing time of 1-7 min was measured. From the atomization experiment, the atomization amount of different polishing time is basically consistent with the theory analyzed above. However, with the increase in electrolytic time, the influence of \(Z\) on \(Q\) can no longer be ignored; that is, when \(t>5\), \(Z\) cannot be regarded as a constant. The reason is that with the increase in electrolytic polishing time, \(Z\) will affect the conical angle \(\theta\) along with the change in \(t\). The conical and  
Figure 8: Impedance and phase curves of atomization sheet with frequency. Figure 9: Atomization experiment device: (**a**) Picture of real products; (**b**) Schematic. nozzle diffuser loss coefficients are then gradually affected, thus altering \(Z\). According to the experiment, when \(t>5\), the correction coefficient should be added to make the correction. \[Q=\left\{ \begin{array}{l}f\left(\frac{\pi}{\Omega}\delta D_{1}-\frac{\pi}{2} \gamma hID_{2}\right)\text{Z},\,(t=0)\\ \\ f\left[\frac{MIt}{n_{1}n_{2}F_{\rho}}+\frac{\pi}{4}\gamma\left(\frac{hD_{3}}{ \sin\frac{t}{2}}-\frac{k^{\prime}D_{3}}{\sin\frac{t^{\prime}}{2}}\right)\right] \text{Z},\,(1\leq t\leq 5)\\ \\ f\left[\frac{MIt}{n_{1}n_{2}F_{\rho}}+\frac{\pi}{4}\gamma\left(\frac{hD_{3}}{ \sin\frac{t}{2}}-\frac{k^{\prime}D_{3}}{\sin\frac{t^{\prime}}{2}}\right)\right] \eta\text{Z},\,(t>5)\end{array} \right. \tag{13}\]  
From Equation (13), the change in atomization amount with conical angle can be obtained, as shown in Figure 10. The atomization amount basically increases with the increase in electrolytic polishing time, indicating that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results. When the conical angle is 48,26\({}^{\circ}\) (the polishing time is 5 min), the atomization amount reaches the maximum value of 5.202 mL/min. In zone AB in Figure 10, the surface of the atomization sheet is covered with a passivation film formed in the air before electrolytic polishing. The existence of this initial passivation film prevents the metal dissolution, and the initial passivation film begins to gradually break at the beginning of electrolysis, resulting in a low atomization amount. Later, with the increase in polishing time, the atomization amount increases. When the conical angle is 48,26\({}^{\circ}\) (the polishing time is 5 min), the atomization amount reaches the maximum at 5.202 mL/min, and then the atomization amount begins to decrease again. When the anode enters the activated dissolution zone in the BC zone, the metal enters the solution in the form of ions, with phosphoric acid ions to form a phosphate mucous layer on the anode surface. The mucous layer in the convex part of the anode surface is thinner than that in the concave part. Consequently, the resistance is smaller, and the current density is higher. The convex part is preferentially dissolved, and the surface begins to show a small preliminary flattening.