## 1 Introduction  
Skin cancer holds the top position as the most frequently diagnosed cancer globally, a logical outcome considering the skin's status as the body's largest organ. Furthermore, it has demonstrated a significant increase in the global incidence rate over the past few years [1]. It is typically categorized into two primary groups: melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Nonmelanoma skin cancer includes basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. Although the most prevalent of these malignancies seldom lead to mortality, it is imperative to acknowledge that the local morbidity resulting from the tumors and their extirpation should not be underestimated [2]. It is noteworthy to emphasize that the form of skin cancer known as melanoma is caused by a malignancy of melanocytes, being a major public health concern due to its increase in recent years, especially due to the modern lifestyle and global atmospheric changes, involving increased UV exposure [3]. The occurrence of melanoma highly depends on the geographic area, and has the highest incidence rates among males from Australia and New Zealand, followed by Western Europe [4]. It was estimated that at least half of the 200,000 new cases of melanoma reported in 2021 would be invasive malignant melanoma and the other half would be melanoma in situ [5]. Surgery to remove the tumor is the primary treatment of all stages of melanoma. A wide local excision is used to remove the melanoma and some of the normal tissue around it. For melanoma in situ, surgery is considered curative. In contrast, in the context of a known advanced or metastatic disease surgical treatment is not meant to be curative and will require other treatment options [6]. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can also be used for palliative treatment and in particular circumstances such as using radiation at the site of a lymphadenectomy or when the patient cannot undergo surgery [7]. Using chemotherapy as the sole treatment modality in patients diagnosed with advanced melanoma typically exhibits a median overall survival of 5.1 months from diagnosis, with a less than 5% probability of survival at the three-year mark [8]. Nowadays, combinations of BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors are used to treat melanoma [9]. Roughly half of melanoma patients carry a BRAF mutation, rendering them candidates for targeted therapy involving BRAF/MEK inhibitors. BRAF inhibition produces rapid tumor regression. The addition of MEK inhibitors reduces resistance and decreases cutaneous toxicity which has been seen with single BRAF inhibition. Simultaneous inhibition of BRAF and MEK also improves response rates and survival compared with BRAF inhibition alone [10]. Although the response rate approaches 70%, over half of these patients will encounter disease progression within a year, primarily due to tumor resistance [11]. This scenario has prompted the investigation of numerous substances for an alternative or adjunctive treatment to this cancer such as botanical agents, phytochemicals, herbal formulas, cannabinoids and vitamin c, among others [12]. Fatty acids can be categorized into two primary types: saturated and unsaturated. Saturated fatty acids lack double bonds, whereas unsaturated fatty acids possess double bonds. Among unsaturated fatty acids, those designated as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) feature multiple double bonds. Specifically, PUFAs with a double bond positioned three carbons from the methyl end of the fatty acid chain are termed omega-3 or n-3 PUFAs (Figure 1) [13]. These include \(\alpha\)-linolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acids (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), with EPA and DHA being the most available types in the human body. Another class of PUFAs features a double bond originating from the sixth carbon position counting from the methyl end of the molecule (Figure 2). Consequently, this group is referred to as n-6 PUFAs, encompassing compounds such as arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid, among others [13].