## 1 Introduction  
The significant urbanization of modern territories, regardless of their location, leads to an increase in anthropogenic stress on the environment. This poses a challenge for reducing the environmental impact on the cosphere, and there is a need to develop ways to dispose of various types of waste generated in significant volumes because of various chemical processes [1, 2]. The mining industry is one such industry where many necessary and valuable metals and minerals are extracted from their respective mine ores. However, this process leaves a significant amount of residue, and this additional overburden is usually stored in or dumped into large areas [3]. According to [PERSON] et al. [4], approximately 97-99% by weight of mine ore ends up being residue or waste. This waste is generally known as mine tailings. Recent estimates have indicated that globally, approximately 20-25 billion metric tonnes of mine waste are produced, out of which 7-14 billion tonnes are the mine tailings [5]. With the ever-growing demand for metals for technological advancement, the mining industry's production is also growing, and thus waste production will grow in direct correlation. These mine tailings are transported in slurry form, as fine particles, to large impoundments, and continuous dumping results in the development of large dams of mine tailings. Approximately 4 \(\times\) 105 km\({}^{2}\) of land is occupied by territories of the mineral industry, including places for storing rock refuse [5]. Such a large accumulation of these mineral rocks in the tailings' storage area changes the land's topography and causes damage to hydrogeological and environmental conditions due to their different chemical properties from the local soil [6]. In the Arkhangelsk region, huge amounts of saponite-containing material (SCM) [7] and cyberlite ore dressing are dumped at the diamond mining plant of the open joint stock company (OJSC) \"Severalmaz\". The Arkhangelsk pipe of the diamond deposit, named after [PERSON], began to be developed 100 km to the northeast of Arkhangelsk in 2002. The uniqueness of the Lomonosov deposit was noted as early as the mid-1980s due to the high quality of diamond raw materials on the one hand and the almost complete substitution of deposit pipe rocks with clay minerals (mainly saponite) on the other, as opposed to solid massive rocks such as in the pipes of the diamond-bearing Yakutsk province [8]. As a result of the development of the Lomonosov diamond deposit, saponite-containing tailings are found in aqueous media in the form of a suspension, making it difficult to use the process water in a recirculated water system. This is due to the low rate of clarification of recycled water as the tailing dump is rapidly filled with tailings. As a result of kimberlite ore dressing, sand and clay rocks in a wet state are sent to the tailing dump, where up to 1 million tons of tailings are stored annually. Tailings transported by hydraulic means are accumulated in special tailing storage tanks to form tailing deposits. The most finely dispersed fraction is formed in a pond area at the tailing dump. The main component of tailing deposits at the Lomonosov deposit is saponite (60-70%), with the following minerals also contained in the solid phase: quartz, montmorillonite, palygorskite, phlogopite, clinochlorite, talc, and dolomite. The chemical composition of SCM in terms of oxides is represented by SiO\({}_{2}\) (52%), MgO (19%), Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) (10%), and CaO (4%). The remaining components are found in trace amounts. To reduce the environmental stress of SCM on the ecosphere, researchers have proposed various ways to use these tailings in the building materials industry [9; 10; 11; 12]. It is known that the pre-activated saponite-containing material is an active component in binding composite systems. It is used as a modifier in concrete mixes and as a component for strengthening soils and can act as an alternative to the phenol-formaldehyde binder of mineral wool materials.