## 2 Materials and Methods
### Experimental  
#### 2.2.1 Hand-Feel Panel  
The hand-feel panel was held according to the instruction AATCC 5:2006, especially regarding the instructions on hand washing, drying, and the avoidance of creams. The evaluations were carried out at ambient room temperature and humidity. Twelve participants (10 female and 2 male) were involved, who performed different activities at Lenzing AG. The assessments were performed without blindfolding since all materials were white and with similar fabric construction.  
Training to set up evaluation parameters was made for each fabric category. The hand-feel panel working modus was defined as follows:  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Name** & **Composition** & **Fabric Type** & **Finishing** & **Thickness [\(\mu\)m]** & **Mass Per Unit** \\  & & & & & **Area [g/m\({}^{2}\)]** \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{**Knitted fabrics**} \\ \hline K1 & 100\% Lyocell & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 550 & 123 \\ \hline K2 & 100\% Modal (micro) & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 540 & 146 \\ \hline K3 & 100\% Lenzing Viscose & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 470 & 125 \\ \hline K4 & 50/50\% Cotton/Lyocell & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 600 & 150 \\ \hline K5 & 100\% Modal & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 540 & 135 \\ \hline K6 & 95/5\% Modal (micro)/Elastane & Single Jersey & soft finish & 440 & 155 \\ \hline R1k & 100\% Cotton & Single Jersey & desized, washed & 630 & 156 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{**R2k**} \\ \hline R2k & 95/5\% Modal (micro)/Elastane & Single Jersey & soft finish & 470 & 146 \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{l}{**Woven fabrics**} \\ \hline W1 & 100\% Modal (micro) & Satin weave & desized, washed & 240 & 134 \\ \hline W2 & 100\% Cotton & Satin weave & desized, washed & 310 & 141 \\ \hline W3 & 100\% Modal & Satin weave & desized, washed & 250 & 134 \\ \hline W4 & 100\% Lyocell & Satin weave & desized, washed & 250 & 126 \\ \hline W5 & 100\% Lyocell & Plain weave & desized, washed & 240 & 130 \\ \hline W6 & 100\% Modal & Satin weave & desized, washed & 250 & 133 \\ \hline R1w & 100\% Cotton & Satin weave & desized, washed & 290 & 127 \\ \hline R2w & 100\% Lyocell & Satin weave & soft finish & 300 & 124 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Fabric description.  
Definition of reference fabrics: for each fabric construction group, and based on average group preference, fabrics of two extremes, chosen by the group as \"softest\" and \"least soft\" were selected as reference fabrics R1 and R2 and obtained positions 2 and 8 on a numeric scale between 1 and 10. Further fabrics are to be rated relative to R1 and R2.
2. Definition of the semantic grid: descriptive adjectives (word pairs) were agreed upon among the hand-feel panel participants after being discussed to obtain a common understanding. Besides all-over softness perception, descriptive word pairs were selected, which the participants considered most appropriate for the textile type: smooth/rough, drapey/stiff, and waxy/dry.
3. Hand actions to evaluate each descriptive were defined as shown in Figure 3. The fabrics were evaluated regarding each defined description parameter by applying the corresponding defined hand action. As illustrated in Figure 3, the property rough/smooth was assessed by caressing the fabric surface in both directions with the fingertips or the hand wrist, applying minimal pressure. The property stiff/flexible was assessed by compressing the fabric inside the palm of the hand. The property dry/waxy was assessed by rubbing the fabric between the thumb and the finger and applying pressure.  
Reference fabrics were evaluated accordingly, and the average values were given fixed positions on the scale. After thus defining the evaluation pattern, the fabrics were evaluated in comparison to the reference fabrics. To avoid confusion and loss of sensitivity [11], maximally five fabrics per session were evaluated.