## 4 A Case Study in Milan--Italy  
### Introduction  
The methodology employed in Milan, northern Italy, is noteworthy in relation to the state-of-the-art technologies applied. The case study facilitated the examination, analysis, and definition of functional procedures for a systematic asset survey using the iMMS  
Figure 5: A blueprint of the University of Brescia building, created using a mobile mapping device. The image represents a projection of the 3D point cloud acquired by the indoor mobile mapping system onto a plane. This method of visualizing the point cloud is very user-friendly for technicians who are not experts in working with three-dimensional software tools. approach on a large real estate property, specifically that of the Municipality of Milan in northern Italy. The project pertains to the Municipality of Milan, which, in 2015, delegated the management of its public housing assets to the company MM spa [88]. The housing inventory of the City of Milan consists of approximately 1100 structures, organized into over 300 complexes. These buildings house nearly 30,000 units, around 1300 of which are for non-residential purposes, referred to as \"miscellaneous uses\", including stores, workshops, and offices. Additionally, there are about 9500 units, including garages and parking spaces, bringing the total to nearly 40,000 units under management. This statistic includes around 1500 housing units located in adjacent municipalities or beyond the City of Milan. The public housing inventory maintained by the Municipality of Milan shows clear historical stratification (Figure 6), primarily linked to the cyclical pattern of housing initiatives aimed at supporting economically disadvantaged segments of the population during the previous century. The development of this housing stock can be delineated into three primary phases: the years immediately following World War II, the mid-1960s, and the mid-1980s. After these three phases, the municipal authority gradually withdrew from the construction of housing for the economically disadvantaged population. The chronological organization of building initiatives resulted in a notably diverse inventory. MM decided to undertake a project aimed at closing the knowledge gap within a significant portion of the managed heritage sector. For these structures, covering both internal and external shared areas as well as technological facilities, a decision was made to conduct a field survey campaign in preparation for further targeted census efforts. The project activities are overseen by MM's \"Housing Division\", which is responsible for managing the public housing inventory owned  
Figure 6: The graph highlights three key periods of the last century during which major housing interventions were carried out: the immediate postwar period and a second phase in the mid-1960s. by the City of Milan (Figure 7), from which all contracts, including the one in question, related to maintenance activities on the buildings are processed. The project involves 498 structures, organized into 142 complexes, spread across 9 regions of responsibility. A building complex is a collection of one or more buildings that are managed under a centralized governance structure (Figure 8). The position and site address of the central gatehouse are often the primary identifiers of a complex, as the buildings within it typically share the same boundaries. These boundaries are often defined by a gate or walkway that clearly marks the complex's area of authority. Figure 8: Example of the organization of a building complex: In this case, the complex is identified by the code “200019” and named “Gaggioli 7”. The complex, built in 1959, consists of eight buildings. Figure 7: (**a**) The buildings of the project, managed by MM inside Milan, are organized in nine main areas. (**b**) Milan is the main industrial city of Italy, located in the northern part of the country (courtesy of MM). Each building complex is characterized by a specific sheet that describes the main features of the complex (Figure 9).