## 1 Introduction  
In recent years, blockchain technology has garnered significant attention from both academia and society due to its inherent characteristics, such as data immutability and decentralization. Depending on the specific application requirements, blockchain technologies can be classified into public chains, private chains, and consortium chains, each having varying levels of data operation permissions. Among these, the consortium chain can be regarded as an alliance comprising multiple authorized institutions, adopting a \"partially decentralized\" structure and exclusively permitting participation in transactions by alliance members with CA certification [1]. This combination of public and private characteristics enables consortium chains to offer a broad spectrum of applications. Hyperledger Fabric [2] has emerged as the leading consortium chain project, owing to features such as the MSP security certification mechanism, free channel creation, and high modularity. Nonetheless, similar to other blockchain variants, the low efficiency of communication between peers continues to be a significant constraint on the advancement of consortium chains, despite ensuring transaction security and privacy with a decentralized structure. Primarily, this issue can be attributed to the consensus layer and network layer within the blockchain. The architecture of blockchain can be broadly summarized as consisting of the data layer, network layer, consensus layer, smart contract layer, and application layer [3]. Among these, the network layer serves as the source of decentralization in blockchain. It primarily defines the networking process between peers in the blockchain and controls the propagation of data in the network through broadcasting protocols. Each user peer's block data generated through the consensus service is redundantly stored in ledger form on different peers through multiple peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions, effectively addressing single-point-of-failure issues and ensuring data security. Therefore, optimizing the data propagation mechanism [4] at the network layer is a highly valuable and necessary measure for improving the overall communication performance of blockchain. Additionally, as the practical applications mature, the demand for the number of peers in blockchain systems is increasing. The impact of the broadcasting protocol on communication efficiency becomes more significant [5]. However, compared to research on optimizing consensus algorithms, data storage structures, and other aspects, research on the network layer has received relatively little attention. In response to the above issues, this paper proposes a novel model for a consortium blockchain network named density clustering-social network (DC-SoC), designed to address the communication inefficiencies commonly found in consortium blockchains. The model enhances propagation speed and ensures network-layer reliability, effectively improving overall communication performance. Generally, our contribution includes the following:  
1. Building on the concept of high-density connectivity enabled by density clustering, we have enhanced the infection algorithm in traditional Gossip broadcasting, effectively reducing network latency and node load during data dissemination. 2. A structured approach to constructing network topology is implemented to mitigate the issue of isolated nodes arising from unstructured random propagation in consortium blockchain networks, ensuring comprehensive coverage of block propagation. 3. By introducing social trust and economic incentive mechanisms, we merge the social network model with the consortium blockchain network, providing an effective solution for improving the reliability of node transactions and the security of the network within consortium blockchains. The remaining sections of this paper are as follows.