# Minimum Variance Distortionless Response--Hanbury Brown and Twiss Sound Source Localization
## 5 Summary and Conclusions  
In this paper, we introduced a sound source localization method, called MVDR-HBT, that combines MVDR and HBT interference based on the sound field for target localization. We analyzed the feasibility of this method from a theoretical perspective and conducted simulations and experiments to evaluate its performance. The simulation results showed that the method achieved precise localization of a sound source target in a remote, low-SNR environment, and the localization accuracy obtained using MVDR-HBT was significantly better than that obtained using the HBT method. This confirmed the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in low-SNR environments. In addition, we experimentally verified the localization performance and anti-interference ability of the proposed algorithm in real environments. Our results demonstrate the potential for application of this algorithm in more complex environments. In short, this research into high-precision sound source localization in complex environments has significant implications.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Frequency** \\ **(Hz)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{**Method**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Position (m)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Distance (m)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Real Incident**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Estimating the Direction of**} & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Angular** \\ **Arival of the** \\ **Signal (\({}^{\circ}\))** \\ \end{tabular} } \\  & & & & & **Eigenical (\({}^{\circ}\))** & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{600} & MVDR-HBT & (2.5, 2) & 3.20 & 51.34 & 53.13 & 1.79 \\  & HBT & (5, 5) & 7.07 & 45.0 & 53.75 & 2.41 \\  & MVDR-HBT & (5, 5) & 7.07 & 45.0 & 48.58 & 3.58 \\  & HBT & (2.5, 2) & 3.20 & 51.34 & 49.39 & 4.39 \\  & MVDR-HBT & (2.5, 2) & 3.20 & 51.34 & 50.57 & 0.77 \\  & HBT & (5, 5) & 7.07 & 45.0 & 52.82 & 1.48 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Comparison of MVDR-HBT and HBT in Single-Frequency to Multi-Frequency Experiments.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} **Frequency** \\ **(Hz)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{**Method**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Position (m)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Distance (m)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Real Incident**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Estimating the Direction of**} & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} **Angular** \\ **Arival of the** \\ **Signal (\({}^{\circ}\))** \\ \end{tabular} } \\  & & & & & **Eigenical (\({}^{\circ}\))** & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{200\(\sim\)2000} & MVDR-HBT & (2.5, 2) & 3.20 & 51.34 & 50.57 & 0.77 \\  & HBT & (5, 3) & 5.83 & 59.04 & 52.82 & 1.48 \\  & MVDR-HBT & (5, 3) & 5.83 & 59.04 & 61.33 & 2.29 \\  & HBT & (5, 5) & 7.07 & 45.0 & 47.78 & 2.78 \\  & MVDR-HBT & (6, 8) & 10 & 36.87 & 32.91 & 3.96 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Experimental Results Comparison of MVDR-HBT and HBT at Different Locations.  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.L.; methodology, S.Q.; validation, M.L., formal analysis, X.Z.; investigation, S.Q., X.Z.; data curation, X.Z.; writing--original draft preparation, S.Q.; writing--review and editing S.Q. and M.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant No. 51805154], Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2022 CFB473], and Green Industry Technology Leading Project of Hubei University of Technology [YJ2021004901].  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** Some or all of the data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.