# Comparative Analysis of Measurement Tools in the Cognex D900 Vision System
## 3 Applications of Cognex Vision Systems
### Guidance--Object Indication  
Guidance can be implemented for various reasons. Firstly, machine vision systems can locate the position and orientation of parts, compare them against specified tolerances, and ensure they are at the correct angle to verify proper assembly. Then, guidance can be used to report the location and orientation of parts in 2D or 3D space to a robot or machine controller, allowing the robot to locate the part or the machine to align it. Vision guidance achieves significantly higher speed and accuracy than manual positioning in tasks such as palletizing or depalletizing parts, packing parts from a conveyor, finding and aligning parts for assembly with other components, placing parts on a workstation, or removing parts from bins [29].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Strategic Goal** & **Application of Machine Vision** \\ \hline Increase in quality & Inspection, measurements, calibration, and assembly verification \\ \hline Increase in productivity & Replacement of repetitive, manually performed tasks with machine vision applications \\ \hline Increase in production flexibility & Measurements and calibration/coordinates for robots/verification of previous operations \\ \hline Reduction in machine downtime and shorter setup & Changes in references/programs imposed by the system \\ time & Manual tasks can be provided as feedback from the system \\ \hline Increase in information detail and tighter process & Application of machine vision improves machine efficiency and extends lifespan \\ \hline Reduction in tooling costs & One vision system replaces several workers, defect detection at early stages of the process \\ \hline Reduction in scrap rate & Inspection, measurements, calibration \\ \hline Inventory control & Recognition and identification of characters/ character strings \\ \hline Reduction in production area & Vision system vs. operator \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Relationship between strategic goals and machine vision applications [11; 25; 26; 27; 28].  
Guidance can also be used to align with other machine vision tools. This is a crucial function of machine vision because parts may be presented to the camera in unknown orientations during production. By locating the part and then aligning other vision tools to it, machine vision allows for automatic tool setup. This involves locating key features on the part to enable the precise positioning of vision tools such as calipers, blobs, edge detectors, and other vision software tools to interact correctly with the part. This approach enables manufacturers to produce multiple products on the same production line and reduces the need for expensive specialized mechanisms to maintain consistent part positions during inspection [29].  
Sometimes, guidance requires matching geometric patterns. Pattern matching tools must tolerate significant variations in contrast and lighting, as well as changes in scale, rotation, and other factors, while reliably finding parts each time. This is because the location information obtained through pattern matching allows for the alignment of other machine vision tools. This section may be divided by subheadings. It should provide a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation, as well as the experimental conclusions that can be drawn [29].