## 7 Conclusions  
In any lighting system design, it is essential to consider the characteristics and influences that affect changes in the quantifiable parameters of lighting systems. The most significant among these influences are those that lead to a reduction in illuminance. Therefore, it is crucial to correctly identify these influences and quantify them during the design process to prevent a rapid decrease in the lighting system's illuminance levels. The maintenance factor encompasses several of these characteristics, and its components can now be determined using software solutions. This article highlights the potential of using software support for determining the maintenance factor and the methods for calculating this parameter. The measurements taken in the production hall revealed insufficient illuminance levels. For a potential redesign, virtual models with four lighting system alternatives were created in the simulation tools Dialux and Relux, determining two methods for establishing the maintenance factor. Based on in-situ measurements and simulations, it was identified that the illuminance in the production hall was insufficient (below 300 lx). Following the Ergonomic Rationalization Sequence, a model was created in two simulation tools, with the sequence subsequently extended in the \"Design of Lighting System\" phase to include the determination of the maintenance factor as a necessary parameter for sustainability. Based on the achieved values and the percentage deviation in illuminance, it can be predicted that accurately calculating the maintenance factor, rather than using a fixed parameter, allows the system to use energy more efficiently over time. This approach aligns with sustainability goals by reducing energy waste and the associated carbon footprint. Additionally, a properly calculated maintenance factor (not automatically determined) can help minimize costs throughout the lighting system's lifetime, as it predicts the need for lamp maintenance with minimal interventions, thereby maintaining the system's optimal performance. The resulting satisfactory alternatives, which showed a 5% deviation between the methods used, underscore the importance of correctly determining the maintenance factor to ensure the energy, time, and cost efficiency of the lighting system redesign. Incorrect determination of the maintenance factor can lead to under- or over-sizing of illuminance. Under-sizing the lighting level can negatively impact visibility, workplace safety, and productivity. Conversely, oversizing the lighting due to an incorrect maintenance factor results in excessive energy consumption. If the maintenance factor is set too low, the designer assumes that the lighting system will deteriorate less than it actually will, affecting maintenance intervals, system lifespan, and operating costs. On the other hand, if the maintenance factor is set too high, the designer assumes that greater deterioration will occur, leading to unnecessary waste. In conclusion, when designing a lighting system using software tools, it is crucial to  
Figure 14: Graphical interpretation of illumination uniformity values for model solutions— Alternatives 3 and 4.  
determine the dimensions of the system based on a maintenance factor calculated specifically for the lighting type. As confirmed by the results of this study, this has a significant impact on the illuminance, costs, and overall sustainability. Conceptualization, D.D. ; methodology, D.D. ; software, D.D. ; validation, D.D. and P.S. ; formal analysis, D.D. and P.S. ; investigation, D.D. ; writing--original draft preparation, D.D. and P.S. ; writing--review and editing, D.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Grant Agency Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and Slovak Academy of Sciences, grant no.