## 4 Results
### Renewing of Education  
The Lapland UAS 3D printing environment for the SmartLab concept was launched in early 2020. The launch consisted of the introduction of the equipment and the inception of 3D printing courses for mechanical engineering students. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the introduction of the environment was put on hold until the fall semester of 2020. The final development of the environment, which consisted of final equipment installations and the installation of air extraction casings for the 3D printers, continued until the end of 2020. The purpose of the casings was to control the particle and odor emissions from the printers (FDM and SLA). The SLS printing was enclosed in a separate space with glass walls and a ceiling within the 3D printing laboratory, which controlled the spread of the powder and odors from the printing process. The environment commenced full operation in early 2021. At the same time, the installation of the SmartLab and the equipment was completed in late 2020, when the digital and traditional manufacturing equipment commenced operation. For the connection between AM and the SmartLab manufacturing, a team of Lapland UAS mechanical engineering students developed a preliminary concept for one product in the fall of 2020 to spring of 2021, combining AM, sheet metal work, and the Festo digital manufacturing and assembly line. The goal was to implement this in the fall semester of 2021, because this project lays the ground for the actual implementation. A concept for a credit card casing was developed, which can be seen in Figure 5.  
As Figure 5 shows, the credit card casing assembly consists of five separate parts. The basic idea is that the assembly works with a rubber band, allowing the insertion of cards inside the casing. A form for different standard sizes of hexagonal holes was implemented, allowing the use of the product as a \"wrench\". This was also a design aspect that emphasized the mechanical engineering trade at the same time. The product includes a bent holder for bills. The bent holder/flap can also be used to attach the casing to a belt. In Figure 5, part one (1) is manufactured from a stainless steel sheet with an NC controlled plasma cutter (traditional manufacturing). Parts two (2) and three (3) are 3D printed from PLA. Part four (4) is manufactured from the stainless steel sheet, cut with an NC controlled plasma cutter, and bent with an NC controlled sheet metal bending machine. Part five (5) is made from a rubber presenting material, which is the standard material bought outside  
Figure 5: Credit card casing assembly. the project. The assembly is done on the digital Festo manufacturing line, where the parts are processed, buffer stored, and finally manually put together in the manual assembly station of the Festo line with small screws. The processing of the assembly requires the programming of the Festo line through the manufacturing execution system (MES4) system. MES4 is a database-founded system that enables process planning, the programming of workflows and work orders, and the presentation of information from costs, lead time, and, e.g., power consumption [37]. In the manufacturing of the credit card casing, the Festo system allows the order, identification, mid-storage, and handling of the parts in assembly. This product was developed to exemplify how the traditional and digital manufacturing line could be integrated to produce a useful product. The design process included the following topics from the learning perspective:  
* Engineering design;
* Product design principles;
* Material knowledge;
* Combining the principles of traditional and digital manufacturing;
* Programming the digital assembly functions;
* Understanding from automated manufacturing and process planning. This design process was supported by courses dealing with the principles of I4.0, IoT, and digital manufacturing, which represent new areas for learning mechanical engineering.