## 3 Results and Discussion
### Botanical Origin and Volatile Composition of Corsican \"Spring\" Honeys
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c|c c c|c c|c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Components \({}^{*}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**RI(Li) \({}^{\text{b}}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**RI \({}^{*}\)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{**Clementine flower \({}^{\text{d}}\)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{**Asphodel Flower \({}^{*}\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Identification \({}^{\text{e}}\)**} \\ \cline{5-6}  & & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean \(\pm\) SD \({}^{\text{f}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{**Min.**} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{**Max.**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Mean \(\pm\) SD \({}^{\text{f}}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{**Min.**} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{**Max.**} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{(_E_)-\(\beta\)-Famesene} & 1446 & 1442 & tr & tr & - & - & - & RI, MS \\  & 1498 & 1492 & \(0.1\pm 0.00\) & 0.1 & 0.1 & - & - & - & RI, MS \\  & 1553 & 1548 & tr & tr & tr & - & - & - & RI, MS \\  & Hepadecane & 1700 & 1698 & \(0.2\pm 0.10\) & 0.1 & 0.3 & - & - & RI, MS \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Total identification (\%)**} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(81.2\pm 5.75\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(75.5\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(87.0\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(85.9\pm 2.66\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(82.4\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(90.1\)} & \multirow{3}{*}{} \\ \hline Hydrocarbons & & \(48.0\pm 8.16\) & 39.7 & 56.0 & - & - & - & \\ Oxygenated compounds & & \(33.1\pm 11.88\) & 19.5 & 41.3 & \(85.9\pm 2.66\) & 82.4 & 90.1 & \\ Phenolic compounds & & \(0.2\pm 0.1\) & 0.1 & 0.3 & \(3.7\pm 0.99\) & 1.8 & 4.5 & \\ Furan compounds & & - & - & - & \(8.2\pm 4.42\) & 4.3 & 16.7 & \\ Linear compounds & & \(0.2\pm 0.1\) & 0.1 & 0.3 & \(73.9\pm 5.41\) & 65.0 & 79.3 & \\ Tergenic compounds & & \(80.8\pm 5.75\) & 75.1 & 86.6 & \(0.8\pm 0.85\) & 0.1 & 1.9 & \\ Ketones & tr & - & tr & - & - & - & - & \\ Aldehydes & - & - & - & - & \(43.8\pm 13.47\) & 31.2 & 62.8 & \\ Esters & & \(0.2\pm 0.1\) & 0.1 & 0.3 & \(23.2\pm 14.58\) & 5.8 & 43.1 & \\ Alcohols & & \(32.9\pm 11.8\) & 19.4 & 41.1 & \(11\pm 4.13\) & 4.3 & 17 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{*}\) Order of elution is given on apolar coloumn (Rtx-1). \({}^{\text{b}}\) Retention indice of literature on the apolar column reported from references [27, 28]. \({}^{\text{e}}\) Retention indice on the Rtx-1 apolar column. \({}^{\text{d}}\) Six elementine flower specimens were collected from Corsica oriental plain. \({}^{\text{e}}\) Six Ashpodele flower specimens were collected from six localities of Corsica. \({}^{\text{f}}\) Means \(\pm\) SD, Min. and Max. values expressed as percentages; tr trace (\(<0.05\%\)), \({}^{\text{g}}\) RI, Retention indice; MS, mass spectra in electronic impact mode. Ref., compounds identified from commercial data libraries: [PERSON] _et al._[27] (Samples 8, 34 and 35) and NIST [28] (Samples 3 and 11).  
\end{table} 
Table 4: _Cont._identified as major compounds. The two main components of the honey volatile fraction (phenylacetaldehyde and benzaldehyde) were detected in low concentrations in the flowers. Moreover, methyl syringae (a marker of asphodel honey) was not detected in the flowers analyzed. This result showed that a direct relationship between the volatile fractions of asphodel flowers and the corresponding \"spring\" honeys could not be established using HS-SPME analysis. Finally, the characteristic compounds of the volatile fraction of Corsican \"chestnut grove\" (acetophenone and 2-aminoacetophenone) [24] and \"_Erica arborea_ spring maquis\" (_p_-anisaldehyde and 4-propylanol) honeys [29] were found in low concentrations or not detected in the \"spring\" honeys studied.