## 1 Introduction  
The development of road networks plays an important role in the national economy. Petroleum asphalt is rapidly consumed with the quick development of road networks. There is a desperate shortage of petroleum asphalt. To ensure good road performance, the development of economically- and environmentally-friendly alternative materials is highly significant. Bio-asphalt is considered the alternative material with the most potential. However, the high-temperature performance and anti-aging performance of existing bio-asphalt are seriously insufficient. According to research findings, bio-oil can replace a portion of petroleum asphalt [1]. The production cost of bio-asphalt is about 3/10-2/5 of that of petroleum asphalt. Bio-asphalt shows reasonable economic and environmental performance [2]. Road workers have performed plenty of tests on the preparation technology, chemical composition, modification mechanism, physicochemical properties and road performance of waste cooking oil bio-asphalt [3; 4; 5; 6]. Waste cooking oil contains high amounts of water and volatile substances. This limits the incorporation of waste cooking oil into bio-asphalt. Compared to petroleum asphalt, bio-oil contains hundreds of oxygenated compounds. Its moisture content and oxygen content are higher. Therefore, bio-oil is unstable and the aging rate of bio-oil accelerates with increasing temperature [7; 8]. [PERSON] et al. found that the presence of moisture and volatile substances may lead to delamination of bio-oil. Thus, the bio-oil was distilled at 110 \({}^{\circ}\)C before being added to asphalt [9]. [PERSON] et al. treated bio-oil with distilled water at 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which can remove polar light components in bio-oil [10]. [PERSON] et al. removed water from bio-oil before addition to petroleum asphalt [11]. The mixture's physical properties were tested, such as pH value and water content. [PERSON] et al. removed the water in the waste cooking oil [12]. Waste cooking oil- and pre-desulfurization rubber powder-modified asphalt were obtained. The results of [PERSON] et al. showed that the anti-fatigue of the mixture was improved with the introduction of waste cooking oil [13]. The bio-asphalt mixture has good low-temperature performance and water stability. Conversely, high-temperature performance and anti-aging performance are poor [4; 14; 15]. To improve the high-temperature performance of bio-asphalt, [PERSON] et al. added 4% polyethylene and found that the rutting resistance was improved [16]. [PERSON] et al. added SBS to bio-asphalt to improve the high-temperature performance. They found that the activation energy of SBS-modified asphalt was reduced by adding bio-oil. SBS-modified asphalt containing bio-oil had a low viscosity value. Bio-oil can lower the high-temperature rutting resistance [17]. The nitrogen and asphaltene content were much higher in rock asphalt compared to matrix asphalt. As such, rock asphalt-modified asphalt showed good high-temperature performance. [PERSON] et al. found that the high-temperature performance of matrix asphalt was improved by rock asphalt because asphaltenes and gums were increased [18; 19; 20]. [PERSON] et al. prepared composite-modified asphalt by adding European rock asphalt and castor oil bio-asphalt. The addition of composite modifier was in the range of 20-30%. The high-temperature and anti-aging properties of asphalt were upgraded by adding composite modifier. The low-temperature properties and temperature sensitivity of asphalt were also improved. Different performance requirements can be met by adjusting the upper and lower limits of the content. Rock asphalt played a significant role as a high temperature modifier [21]. [PERSON] et al. carried out X-ray diffraction and found that montmorillonite-modified asphalt could form an intercalated structure, while organic montmorillonite-modified asphalt could form an exfoliated structure. This improved the thermal oxidation aging resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance of asphalt [22].