## 4 Conclusions  
The results of the experimental campaign carried out on basalt FRAAM can be summarized as follows:  
* An inorganic matrix based on an alkali-activated ternary blend of industrial by products was designed based on the one-pot philosophy. The main crystalline reaction product was an aluminum-modified calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-A-S-H) characterized by a wide distribution of the SiQ\({}^{n}\)(mAI) units. The addition of an expansive agent (CaO) reduced the free shrinkage of \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Textile Properties**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Peak Stress**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} **Exploitation Ratio** \\ **(vs. Textile)** \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{**Failure Mode**} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-5}  & \begin{tabular}{c} **Mesh Size** \\ **(mm)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Mass** \\ **(g/m2)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **(MPa)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Exploitation Ratio** \\ **(vs. Textile)** \\ \end{tabular} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Failure Mode**} \\ \hline Present paper & \(8\times 8\) & \begin{tabular}{c} 400 \\ (coated) \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 374 \\ (23.0\%) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 0.40 \\ (23.0\%) \\ \end{tabular} & C\(\backslash\)E * and C ** \\ \hline
[14] & \(8\times 8\) & \begin{tabular}{c} 400 \\ (coated) \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} 422 \\ (24.4\%) \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} 0.45 \\ (24.4\%) \\ \end{tabular} & C ** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* C/E: mixed failure mode, by debonding at the textile-to-matrix interface (C) and tensile rupture of the textile (E),
* C: failure mode by debonding at the textile-to-matrix interface (C).  
\end{table} 
Table 7: Direct shear tests results: FRAAM composite and commercial system [14]. Figure 16: (a) Failure mode (C), (b) detail of textile rupture in the failure mode (C/E). about 35%, to \(\approx\)1800 \(\mu\varepsilon\), whereas higher dimensional stability is reported for commercial mortars. Capillary absorption of around \(\approx\)0.27 kg/(m\({}^{2}\cdot\)min\({}^{0.5}\)) was measured, which is close to values reported for commercial mortars. * The tensile test of basalt FRAAM systems displayed three characteristic response stages (I) un-cracked, (II) crack development and (III) cracked. The response curves highlight that the behavior of the composite mainly relies on crack development and widening. The average ultimate stress (434 MPa) and the tensile modulus of elasticity in region III (39 GPa) were lower than those of the dry textile, with an average exploitation ratio of 0.46. The composites failed by sequential tensile failure of the fiber bundles. The waviness of the warp yarns caused the large extent of region II. Matrix microcracks not visible to the naked-eye can form, in some specimens, during the curing as a consequence of mortar shrinkage. They cause in the region I of the response curve a linear branch followed by a non-linear response up to the onset of the first crack. Matrix pre-existing microcracks are responsible of the increase of the \(\varepsilon_{\rm I}\) scattering with respect to the commercial system used as reference. * Shear bond tests, performed on masonry substrates, displayed response curves characterized by the formation and development of an interfacial longitudinal crack and transversal cracks with corresponding load drops. Average peak load around 1148 N and an average exploitation ratio (vs. textile) of 0.4 were measured. The observed failure modes were the debonding at the textile-to-matrix interface in some cases associated with the tensile rupture of the textile. The commercial system used as reference showed a slightly higher average peak stress value than the FRAAM composite, which can be ascribed to the different shrinkage behavior of the two mortars. Further investigation should be focused on increasing the dimensional stability of alkali-activated matrix that would improve the performance of the tested FRAAM composite.