## 1 Introduction  
In a store-and-forward network, upon packet arrival at a network node such as a router or switch, a packet is temporarily stored prior to being transmitted to its intended destination. Throughout the duration of storage, it is possible that certain adjustments or modifications could be implemented to the packet headers for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to quality of service (QoS) enhancements [1], traffic management, security measures, or routing optimizations. The key research motivation of this present study lie with the fact that computer network systems play a significant role in both the economy and society. The significant increase in data traffic within computer networks can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the widespread adoption of the Internet has played a crucial role in this growth. Additionally, the expansion of network access to a diverse array of personal devices, including smartphones and cars, has contributed to the surge in data traffic [2]. Lastly, the development of new devices has necessitated a series of reviews to ensure compatibility with primary network protocols [3]. In recent years, there has been an increase in cyber-attacks, particularly against industries and companies that provide online services [4]. Malicious hackers may deploy various types of attacks, such as distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) or the port scan and infiltration attack, to hijack valuable data or make servers unavailable to users. Thisrequires careful consideration of data security and integrity as companies must assure the data confidentiality, integrity, and availability, which means the data must be appropriately kept, managed, and maintained to prevent illegal access [5]. Several technological solutions have been introduced to reduce the problem, including the use of encryption, authentication systems, antivirus, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems (commonly known as IDSs) [6]. An IDS is a hardware or software system that monitors a company's computer network for potential threats or attacks [7]. Furthermore, IDSs are important for protecting information with growing of unauthorized activities in a network [8]. IDS is a successful technique, but within it, there are many approaches towards which it executes its operation [9]. The artificial neural network (ANN) is an adaptive approach that was utilized by one IDS [10]. While the IDS is successful at continuously monitoring the network for suspicious activity, its operation is too general. There are some silent network operations regarding which the IDS might fall short in performing its operation. This may involve a network where a store-and-forward operation was implemented [11]. In a store-and-forward network, when an IP packet arrives at a network node, such as a router or switch, it is temporarily stored before being transmitted to its intended destination. During the storage phase, in accordance with the network layer protocol convention, the node conducts error-checking on the data packet to verify its integrity and rectify any corrupted data packets [12]. Additionally, it analyzes the destination address within the data packet to ascertain the subsequent hop or node to which the packet should be forwarded. Store-and-forward networks are frequently employed in diverse networking environments, encompassing local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet. The choice of this methodology is contingent upon the particular demands of the network and the nature of the data being conveyed [13]. The research problems identified in this study pertain to the storage phase of the store-and-forward operation. It is customary for the node to perform error-checking on the data packet in accordance with network layer protocol conventions to ensure its integrity and absence of errors. However, a potential issue arises when an adversary interferes and disrupts the packet during this process.