## 3 Results
### Liquid Phase Release Capacity of Oleogels  
The determination of the liquid phase release capacity of the CW oleogels, with and without phosphorus, was carried out at room temperature (i.e., \(\sim\)25 \({}^{\circ}\)C), quantifying the percentage of liquid loss in the selected samples. Table 2 shows that, in all systems, the percentage of liquid phase release was the same regardless of the presence of phosphorus (\(p<0.05\)). It can also be seen that systems with 10% CW and 15% CW (with and without phosphorus) followed the same trend over time, even releasing similar percentages of the liquid phase (\(p<0.05\)), while in the systems with 20% CW (with and without phosphorus), the liquid phase release was greater than in the previous systems. After 84 h, the 10% CW oleogel released \(\sim\)27.6% of liquid phase, the 15% CW released \(\sim\)28.8% and the 20% CW released \(\sim\)47.1%. This phenomenon could be attributed to the type of molecular aggregation of CW--which has shape and distribution transitions--in the liquid phase caused by the chemical nature of the molecules due to the storage conditions [21; 45]. It  
Figure 3: Time sweeps of the oleogels developed with different concentrations of candellilla wax (CW) with the addition of phosphorus (P\({}^{+}\)) at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
has been reported that in CW oleogels, a phase transition, known as the rotatory phase, may occur at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C [40]. This transition is commonly observed in n-alkanes (the main components of CW) and is characterized by the formation of a crystal lattice of molecular centers while the molecules still rotate around their axes. The rotatory phase causes a change of structural order (i.e., the molecules pass to a higher order state as a function of time) through a solid-solid transition. In oleogels, this type of transition gives rise to the expulsion of the liquid phase [40], as happened with the systems developed in the present work. In addition, it was observed that by containing a higher concentration of CW (10% \(<\) 15% \(<\) 20%), the oleogels expelled more liquid phase in less time (Table 2); that is, the solid-solid transition (or rotatory phase) was a function of the gelator concentration in this type of system. Another factor that could influence the release of the liquid phase is the size of the pores formed between the network of CW molecules. In this regard, [PERSON] et al. [46] reported that the diameter of these pores is also directly related to the type of molecular aggregation that is formed and the concentration of the gelator. The results of the evaluation of the liquid phase release were congruent with those of the rheological studies (i.e., time sweeps), where it was observed that the values of G' at concentrations of 10% and 15% of CW were similar over time. In contrast to the concentration of 20% CW, there was a greater hardness that was related to a greater liquid phase release.  
Our results on the percentage of liquid phase release in the developed oleogels allowed us to approximate the phosphorus release that could occur within the rumen. It is worth mentioning that within the rumen, fermentation conditions (i.e., the bacterial load, temperature and pH) and peristaltic movements could affect the release of the active component. For this reason, a future study to explain the effect of the fermentation conditions of the rumen on the retention of the liquid phase of oleogels for use as boluses has been considered. However, as a first approximation in this work, the results of studies carried out using a model system at the laboratory level are presented. Two mediums were used: an aqueous medium was used for the first one, and the second was a model with goat ruminal fluid.