###### Abstract
The sulfur copolymer with 1,3-diisopropylbenzene (pS-DIB) is used as a matrix for the inorganic NPs. The resulting sulfur copolymer NP composites show tuneable physical and optical properties, making them particularly suitable for application as optical filters [17]. The incorporation of sulfur moieties into polymers is performed to prepare organic films with high refractive indices for use in optical and optoelectronic technologies [18; 19]. The goal is the attainment of high refractive indices for use as waveguiding materials for future optical fiber communication [19]. Applications in concrete production or spraying operations are also conceivable as well as their use in civil engineering regarding the extension to asphalt in road pavements or as insulating material [20]. In this case, sulfur-containing materials are very advantageous due to their resistance towards aqueous acids and concentrated salt solutions [20]. Recently, high porous polymers have been generated from high-sulfur inverse vulcanized copolymers by supercritical CO\({}_{2}\) compression (scCO\({}_{2}\)). These foams (sulfur copolymers based on DIB, limonene, etc.) have the potential to act as adsorbent material in the area of gas storage and separation [21] and to absorb toxic pollutants from drinking water (mercury capture) [22; 23]. Among the first vinyl monomers used for copolymerization with elemental sulfur were dicyclopentadiene and styrene. [PERSON] investigated the structural elucidation [24]. The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C with varying reaction times. [PERSON] et al. worked out a general synthetic strategy to prepare polymer networks of poly(OLA-\(r\)-S) copolymers containing PbS  
Figure 1: Oil sand sulfur stacks by Syncrude, Athabasca, AB, Canada. nanoparticles [15]. These well-defined PbS/poly(OLA-\(r\)-S) nanocomposites were synthesized in a one-pot synthesis containing sulfur, oleylamine and PbCl\({}_{2}\) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene. In addition, free radical copolymerizations of cyclic aryl disulfides and elemental sulfur were carried out in solution and in bulk polymerization [25]. This reaction represents a ring-opening polymerization of cyclic disulfide oligomers prepared by oxidative coupling of aromatic dithiols which form high molecular and linear poly(arylene sulfane)s with a high sulfur content. Equally, sulfur polymers can be synthesized by anionic copolymerization of cyclic sulfides at high temperatures (159 \({}^{\circ}\)C) [26; 27]. In addition, with the aim of extending the green chemistry to the cross-linker, [PERSON] et al. described the use of low cost and renewable cross-linking monomers with several unsaturated bonds, such as limonene, farnesol, farnesene and myrcene. These alternative cross-linkers have a comparatively lower molecular weight and lower \(T_{\text{g}}\) concerning conventional cross-linkers (DIB, DVB, dicylopentadiene) [23]. By varying the vinyl monomers and the sulfur content, the physical and chemical properties of the produced polymer can be tuned. The target is the synthesis of processable polymers with high chemical stability and with good mechanical and electrical properties. From this perspective, it would be economically and ecologically sustainable to use the excess of elemental sulfur of the hydrodesulfurization for the synthesis of advanced materials.