## 2 Results
### The Effect of TP4/2 on the AC Activity in Thyroid Membranes and the Thyroid Hormones Levels
\({}^{\rm a}\)—the difference between the group Young+dmso and the other groups with the treatment DMSO or TP4/2+DMSO or between the group Young+saline and the other groups treated with saline or hCG+saline is significant at \(p<0.05\); \({}^{\rm b}\)—the difference between aging/diabetic rats without TP4/2 or hCG administration and aging/diabetic rats with TP4/2 or hCG administration is significant at \(p<0.05\); \({}^{\rm c}\)—the difference between the TP4/2- and hCG-treated rats within the young adult, aging and diabetic series is significant at \(p<0.05\). The data are presented as the M \(\pm\) SEM, \(n=5\). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Group**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Progesterone,**} & **17-OH-Progesterone** & **Androstenedione,** & **Testosterone,** \\  & **nmol/g of Tissue** & **nmol/g of Tissue** & **pmol/g of Tissue** & **nmol/g of Tissue** \\ \hline Young+dmso & 0.536 \(\pm\) 0.036 & 0.063 \(\pm\) 0.004 & 53.8 \(\pm\) 4.2 & 0.995 \(\pm\) 0.105 \\ \hline Young+TP & 0.534 \(\pm\) 0.088 & 0.173 \(\pm\) 0.012 & 148.6 \(\pm\) 10.1 \({}^{\rm a}\) & 2.174 \(\pm\) 0.244 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Young+saline & 0.569 \(\pm\) 0.041 & 0.066 \(\pm\) 0.005 & 55.6 \(\pm\) 6.7 & 0.910 \(\pm\) 0.086 \\ \hline Young+hCG & 0.545 \(\pm\) 0.066 & 0.395 \(\pm\) 0.055 \({}^{\rm a,c}\) & 214.3 \(\pm\) 11.0 \({}^{\rm a,c}\) & 2.810 \(\pm\) 0.132 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Aging+dmso & 0.728 \(\pm\) 0.064 \({}^{\rm a}\) & 0.025 \(\pm\) 0.005 \({}^{\rm a}\) & 32.1 \(\pm\) 5.6 & 0.255 \(\pm\) 0.044 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Aging+TP & 0.856 \(\pm\) 0.043 \({}^{\rm a}\) & 0.075 \(\pm\) 0.005 & 129.1 \(\pm\) 6.7 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) & 1.441 \(\pm\) 0.078 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) \\ \hline Aging+saline & 0.699 \(\pm\) 0.034 & 0.019 \(\pm\) 0.003 \({}^{\rm a}\) & 30.4 \(\pm\) 3.0 & 0.237 \(\pm\) 0.043 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Aging+hGC & 1.558 \(\pm\) 0.164 \({}^{\rm a,b,c}\) & 0.271 \(\pm\) 0.022 \({}^{\rm a,b,c}\) & 233.9 \(\pm\) 16.5 \({}^{\rm a,b,c}\) & 1.869 \(\pm\) 0.123 \({}^{\rm a,b,c}\) \\ \hline Diab+dmso & 0.377 \(\pm\) 0.030 & 0.049 \(\pm\) 0.006 & 32.7\(\pm\) 5.1 & 0.287 \(\pm\) 0.032 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Diab+TP & 0.521 \(\pm\) 0.048 & 0.083 \(\pm\) 0.006\({}^{\rm a}\) & 100.3 \(\pm\) 16.4 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) & 1.308 \(\pm\) 0.097 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) \\ \hline Diab+saline & 0.387 \(\pm\) 0.026 & 0.057 \(\pm\) 0.008 & 35.1\(\pm\) 5.6 & 0.293 \(\pm\) 0.044 \({}^{\rm a}\) \\ \hline Diab+hGC & 0.480 \(\pm\) 0.087 & 0.142 \(\pm\) 0.011 \({}^{\rm a,b,c}\) & 141.5 \(\pm\) 10.0 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) & 1.356 \(\pm\) 0.117 \({}^{\rm a,b}\) \\ \hline \end{tabular} Notes: \({}^{\rm a}\)—the difference between the group Young+dmso and the other groups with the treatment DMSO or TP4/2+DMSO or between the group Young+saline and the other groups treated with saline or hCG+saline is significant at \(p<0.05\); \({}^{\rm b}\)—the difference between aging/diabetic rats without TP4/2 or hCG administration is significant at \(p<0.05\); \({}^{\rm c}\)—the difference between the aging/diabetic rats without TP4/2 or hCG administration is significant at \(p<0.05\). TP4/2 and hCG administration is significant at \(p<0.05\). TP4/2 was administered intraperitoneally at a daily dose of 20 IU/rat. The data are presented as the M \(\pm\) SEM, \(n=5\).  
\end{table} 
Table 2: The intratesteculent content of testosterone and its precursors in the young adult, aging and diabetic rats, and the effect of five-day treatment with TP4/2 and hCG. The stimulating effects of TP4/2 and hCG on the blood T levels during their five-day administration to the aging and diabetic rats were reduced in comparison with the young adult series, as illustrated by the AUC\({}_{0-5}\) values (Figure 3D). In aging and T1 DM, TP4/2 effects were comparable and reached a plateau on the second day of treatment (Figure 3B,C). On the 3 rd-5 th days, the effects of TP4/2 and hCG on the blood T levels in the aging and diabetic rats were similar (Figure 3B,C).