## 3 Related Work
MANET already has mobile nodes that have no other infrastructures, without active directories or centralized materials such as points of everything from access. That requires extensive route definition that connects mobile contexts dynamically and competently in energy and bandwidth exemplified by changing network topology. The threat of malicious node attacks tends to affect these protocols [19]. The throughput of information dissemination in Adhoc networks has differed to be reinforced by multipath routing [20]. On the basis of the OLSR protocol, they also presented the multipath routing system NC-OLSR for FANETS. In order to establish a hybrid multipath selection model based on the connection quality of neighbor's nodes, NC-OLSR leverages OLSR. local limitations cannot be avoided in a single OLSR. According to experimental testing, the proposed scheme may substantially enhance the data delivery ratio and transmission efficiency. The authors in [21], by assessing standard OLSR current energy and overhead challenges, recommended a new workable OLSR methodology and named it Disaster Scenario Optimized Link State Routing (DS-OLSR) Protocol that is energy and overhead-friendly. Time Slices (TSs), a new message type designed exclusively for DS-OLSR, are a notion presented by DS-OLSR that connects OLSR communications and of necessity alert messages into their corresponding TSs. DS-OLSR, a suggested routing protocol, was put into operation in NS-3 and contrasted with OLSRv1. The simulation results revealed that DS-OLSR outperforms OLSRv1 because it greatly reduces routing overhead, optimizes packet delivery, and saves immense energy in both sparse and dense network simulation settings. The WSN system's potential to transmit sensor data is widely dominated by the OLSR. Using NS-3, authors simulated and tested protocols on parameters packet delivery ratio, data throughput, delay, and packet loss percentage [22]. The simulation's findings indicate that OLSR performs more effectively with the aforementioned parameters. The extended MPR (EMPR) approach has been used to study MPR choice in wireless OLSR ad-hoc networks by authors of [23]. The cost's value is a new factor that EMPR considers when examining MPR elections. With respect to the MPR-based OLSR heuristic, the intended EMPR specification offers a wider coverage area for the MPR ensemble. Based on optimal link state routing, the authors suggested a straightforward integration strategy for a MANET based on OLSR. The discovered scheme provides incorporation without requiring new routing messages for gateway discovery, OLSR routing messages are re-engineered and streamlined. The suggested solution does not mandate the mandatory compulsory of a MANET node with a gateway node as is necessary for integration, allowing nodes to move around freely inside the local MANET without losing connectivity to other nodes in the external network. The simulation's performance standards showed the proposed system operates well at various mobility speeds [24]. Authors in [25] indicated that the inter-process communication foundation is the routing protocol. Optimizing broadcast message flooding is a concern in an OLSR-based mobile wireless network related to mobility and bandwidth availability. The authors employed a more accurate technique of assessing MPR which is Wingsuit Flying Search (WS) which improves the working of OLSR. The authors proposed revamped version of the OLSR protocol and named it WS-OLSR. Based on the number of parameters, the execution for both Novel WS-OLSR and standard OLSR has been investigated. According to the simulation results, compared to standard OLSR, the Novel WS-OLSR protocol can elevate throughput, decrease TC, and minimize the MPR count needed to cover 95% of mobile nodes, which mitigates the broadcasting storm phenomenon. Based upon the study of authors in the past, as presented above, there are some of the limitations and open issues that exist in OLSR are enlisted below:  
1.