# Influence of Welding Parameters on the Weld Pool Dimensions and Shape in a TIG Configuration
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Case n\({}^{\circ}\)1: Arcal.37, Current 100 A, Arc Length 5 mm, Tip Angle 60\({}^{\circ}\)**} \\ \hline  & & t = 1 s & t = 4 s & t = 8 s & t = 12 s & t = 16 s & t = 20 s \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Width (mm)**} & **Method 1 (\(\pm\)0.15)** & 4.60 & 5.89 & 6.83 & 6.94 & 6.99 & 7.66 \\  & **Method 2 (\(\pm\)0.15)** & 4.95 & 5.86 & 6.52 & 6.91 & 7.55 & 7.66 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 4.00 & 6.40 & 6.57 & 7.72 & 7.58 & 8.04 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 1.54 & 2.83 & 3.22 & 3.81 & 3.92 & 3.95 \\  & **Depth-to-Width ratio** & 0.39 & 0.44 & 0.49 & 050 & 0.50 & 0.49 \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Case n\({}^{\circ}\)2: Arcal.37, Current 150 A, Arc Length 5 mm, Tip Angle 60\({}^{\circ}\)**} \\ \hline  & & t = 1 s & t = 4 s & t = 8 s & t = 12 s & t = 16 s & t = 20 s \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Width (mm)**} & **Method 1 (\(\pm\)0.15)** & 6.38 & 8.55 & 9.45 & 10.20 & 10.25 & 10.77 \\  & **Method 2 (\(\pm\)0.15)** & 5.93 & 8.58 & 9.05 & 9.88 & 10.59 & 10.77 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 6.02 & 8.16 & 9.10 & 10.15 & 10.56 & 10.50 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 1.50 & 3.30 & 4.27 & 4.99 & 5.48 & 5.92 \\  & **Depth-to-Width ratio** & 0.25 & 0.40 & 0.46 & 0.49 & 0.52 & 0.56 \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Case n\({}^{\circ}\)3: Arcal.37, Current 100 A, Arc Length 3 mm, Tip Angle 60\({}^{\circ}\)**} \\ \hline  & & t = 1 s & t = 4 s & t = 8 s & t = 12 s & t = 16 s & t = 20 s \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Width (mm)**} & **Method 1 (\(\pm\)0.11)** & 4.62 & 5.75 & 6.39 & 6.51 & 6.40 & 6.60 \\  & **Method 2 (\(\pm\)0.38)** & 4.38 & 5.48 & 6.33 & 6.40 & 6.58 & 6.60 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 4.78 & 6.08 & 6.22 & 6.80 & 6.80 & 7.16 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 1.66 & 2.55 & 3.00 & 3.15 & 3.25 & 3.25 \\  & **Depth-to-Width ratio** & 0.35 & 0.42 & 0.48 & 0.46 & 0.48 & 0.47 \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Case n\({}^{\circ}\)4: Helium, Current 100 A, Arc Length 3 mm, Tip Angle 60\({}^{\circ}\)**} \\ \hline  & & t = 1 s & t = 4 s & t = 8 s & t = 12 s & t = 16 s & t = 20 s \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Width (mm)**} & **Method 1 (\(\pm\)0.11)** & 5.08 & 6.01 & 6.39 & 6.55 & 7.00 & 6.95 \\  & **Method 2 (\(\pm\)0.38)** & 5.40 & 5.65 & 6.36 & 6.73 & 6.80 & 6.95 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 5.80 & 6.16 & 6.82 & 7.10 & 7.32 & 7.94 \\  & **Method 3 (\(\pm\)0.02)** & 2.22 & 3.09 & 3.46 & 4.03 & 3.9 & 4.57 \\  & **Depth-to-Width ratio** & 0.39 & 0.44 & 0.49 & 0.50 & 0.50 & 0.49 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: This table indexes width, depth and depth-to-width ratio values using the three methods for the different configurations tested. Width values are estimated with high speed imaging (Method 1) during the interaction and with a picture of the top surface of the electrode at the final instant (Method 2). Metallographic investigations (Method 3) allow evaluating width and depth after the interaction. Uncertainties associated to each method are mentioned between brackets. Measurements of voltage and current intensity enable an estimation of the applied energy (\(E_{applied}\)) during the interaction. Measurements of voltage and current intensity are also used to estimate the applied energy (\(E_{applied}\)) during the interaction. \[E_{applied}=\int_{0}^{t}U.I\ dt \tag{1}\]  
The volume of the melted area and the energy involved to fuse this amount of metal (\(E_{fusion}\)) are evaluated from the weld pool shape, considered as axisymmetric,  
\[E_{fusion}=m\int_{300K}^{T_{int}}C_{p}dT+mL_{f} \tag{2}\]  
where \(C_{p}\) is the specific heat, \(L_{f}\) the latent heat involved in the transition between solid and liquid state and \(m\) the mass of melted metal. The melting point of the AISI 304L is \(T_{melt}\) = 1724 K and the boiling point \(T_{boli}\) = 3134 K. It is difficult to estimate the evaporated part of the material from the melting to the boiling temperature, so to calculate the energy devoted to the fusion one intermediate temperature of \(T_{int}\) = 2400 K is used for this calculation [1].