# Are Saliva Tests Important in the Prediction of Various Disease?
## 1 Introduction  
Traditionally, the diagnosis and treatment of dental caries consist of detecting and restoring the cavity without considering the etiological factors.Even thoughtstudies on the role of a particular bacterial species in initiating the carious process in humans are complicated by the fact that lesions can occur overmonths or years, there are sufficient arguments for assigning the essential role of mutagenic streptococcus cariogenesis such as _Streptococcus mutans_ and _Streptococcus sobrinius_. There is a direct relationship between the number of streptococci and the development of the disease, their presence in large numbers in the saliva of individuals with active caries that arerepresent in plaque as pioneer species [1, 2, 3]. An elevated level of mutant streptococci is present in most early lesions, but is also associated with the presence of persistent dental plaque. Another genus frequently involved in cariogenesis is _Lactobacillus_, which is a Gram-positive unpostulated, large Bacilli, cultivated on complex media [4, 5, 6]; it proliferates in the retentive areas and is responsible for the presence of the cavity, but can persist in large numbers after treating caries in the case of a diet rich in carbohydrates [7, 8, 9]. The involvement of other bacteria, such as _Actinomyces_, _Bifidobacterium_, _Eubacterium_, and even _Nocardi_ species, is still insufficiently argued [2, 7, 9]. Both mutant streptococci and lactobacillus produce large amounts of acid by fermenting sugars from food consumed, initiating tooth decay by acid demineralization of the enamel [8, 10, 11]. In addition, _Streptococcus mutans_ is a major producer of insoluble extracellular dextrans with which it adheres firmly to tooth surfaces; as a result of their metabolism, the environmental conditions are modified and become favorable for the development of other acidogenic bacteria [12, 13, 14]. The use of saliva tests (kits available on the market: CRT Bacteria, CRT Paraffin, Saliva Check Buffer) is expanding the view in clinical diagnosis, disease control, and decision for patient care and is useful for novelways for prediction, whilesaliva biomarkers are useful for many rapid tests or in laboratory procedures [15; 16; 17].  
Salivary diagnostics is integrated as part of disease diagnosis; in this research, the association was confirmed between the prevalence of dental caries and the results of saliva test experimental samples [18]. The use of saliva tests in dental offices as a form of prophylaxis therapy can decrease the incidence of dental caries [18]. Qualitative diagnosis of saliva is superior for detecting the presence or absence of a marker compared to the quantitative diagnosis, which makes it an important means for detecting various pathologies.The microbiological composition, if modified, can increase the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome [19]. The oral microbiome is responsible for dental caries and periodontitis, two of the most common microbial-induced diseases worldwide. Some salivary parameters (secretion rate, consistency, viscosity, pH level) and buffer capacity are useful in defining the risk of oral diseases [19]. In this study, we assess caries activity by comparing twoor more tests based on different microbiological principles.