## 1 Introduction
The simulation results showed that the influence of the number of channels and inlet temperature on the cooling performance has an upper limit, that the maximum temperature of the cooling system rises with the coolant inlet temperature, and that the cooling performance is limited by the mass flow rate and direction of the coolant. [PERSON] et al. [8,9] designed an optimal rectangular channel cold plate and studied the influence of different operating conditions on its cooling performance. The results showed that the optimum values of objective functions, such as the pressure drop, average temperature, and temperature uniformity, cannot be obtained at the same time, and that the temperature uniformity is most likely influenced by the working conditions, especially the inlet heat flux and the mass flow rate of the coolant. [PERSON] et al. [10] built a 3D heat sinking model of a microchannel cold plate with straight channels. The simulation results showed that the most extreme temperature drops occur as the number of channels and inlet mass flow rate increases. In addition, when the inlet mass flow rate increases, the influence of the flow direction on the cooling performance decreases, and the improvement of the cooling effect is less obvious as the inlet mass flow rate increases. [PERSON] et al. [11, 12, 13] effectively used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the analysis and optimal design of an aluminum cold plate and proposed the SPICE-CFD/FEM method for the optimal design of a water radiator for high-power systems. Their findings showed that the cold plate cooling performance is the key with which to power electronic systems. When designing a stable heat sink from multiple aspects, a simulation analysis and the construction of experimental equipment come at a high cost. This method has a negligible simulation cost. In addition, there must be a balance between the thickness, the cooling performance, and the fluid pressure drop in the design of a cold plate. Such a modeling method is significantly effective and consistent for the optimum design of an aluminum cold plate. In terms of research on the influence of the coolant composition on the cooling performance, [PERSON] et al. [14] experimentally compared the cooling performance of water and the Nano Phase Change Material Emulsion (NPCME) cooling liquid, at different melting temperatures and concentrations, and built a microchannel cold plate hard product with a U-tube serpentine channel structure. The results showed that if the inlet temperature is lower than, or close to, the melting point, then the NPCME has a better cooling effect than water. NPCME also has a higher specific heat capacity than water and is free from supercooling. It can achieve the cooling performance of water with a lower pumping power. In terms the influence of the structure and materials of a cold plate on its cooling performance, [PERSON] et al. [15] studied a copper tube, coupled with a silicon cold plate-based thermal management system. The experimental results showed that the combination of a silicon cold plate and a copper tube could absorb heat rapidly, and could effectively transfer it to the water in the cold plate channels, resulting in a better cooling performance. In their research on the cold plate of a microchannel with multiple internal channels, [PERSON] et al. [16] found that it can take the heat out of the system, which results in a good heat transfer performance. [PERSON] et al. [37] found that the plate thickness and tube spacing are the key factors in the cooling capacity of a cold plate. [PERSON] et al. [38] found that a cold plate could be used in the heat shield of a high temperature heat source, and analyzed the influence of the inlet volume flow rate, the number of flow channels, and the channel thickness on the heat source.