## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Results and Discussion of Method Application  
#### 3.1.1 Values of EFs in Liberec and Decin  
Layers of habitats and their EFs, biodiversity (habitat assessment and structural connectivity), evapotranspiration, and annual carbon production were prepared for the administrative territories of Liberec and Decin. The representation of habitat types, for which the ecosystem functions were quantified, is shown in Figure 3. Only habitats with more than 1% of the area are shown in the graph. Figure 3: Representation of habitat types in administrative territory of Liberec and Decin. An overview of the results for the entire administrative territory of Liberec and Dexin is given in Table 3.  
The average biodiversity score (HVM) was 19 points-m\({}^{-2}\) in Liberec and 23 points-m\({}^{-2}\) in Decin. This is 2.15% (in Liberec) and 23.7% (in Decin) more than the average HVM score for the Czech Republic, which is 18.6 points-m\({}^{-2}\)[99]. Connectivity has extremely low values in the urban core area, which is considered almost entirely a barrier, and low values in the suburban area, especially in Liberec, where urban development is greater. According to [PERSON] [38], good connectivity corresponds to values up to 0.06, expressed on the map (Figure 4) by green and yellow color, covering 61% of the administrative territory in Liberec and 66% in Decin. In Liberec, the good connectivity tends to be situated near the borders of administrative territory, especially in the area that is part of the PLA Jizerske hory. In Decin, connectivity was good, especially in the peri-urban area of the city and on the steep slopes near the river Elbe, most of which are covered with natural and near-natural habitats. In the areas close to the northern boundary of the administrative territory, connectivity decreased due to large areas covered by planted, low-diversity spruce forests. The graphical representation of connectivity shows corridors that consist of well-connected habitats. Both cities contain watercourses that are indispensable natural corridors for the movement of organisms and for the flow of materials and energy. Supporting and further connecting these corridors, especially in areas with lower connectivity, is a land-use planning task to create a functioning blue and green infrastructure. This connectivity has positive impacts, especially on biodiversity [104]. Figure 4: Habitat connectivity calculated for Liberec **(on the left)** and Déin **(on the right)**. Euclidean distance to the closest natural or semi-natural habitat patch was calculated and is expressed in the form of a continuous raster map (10 m pixel). Values are scaled along a range from 0 to 1; 0 indicates natural/no distance, 1 represents completely artificial/far from natural habitat, and barriers refer to roads and contiguous built-up areas larger than 0.25 ha. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Administrative Territory**} & **Area** & **Biodiversity** & **Evaptranspiration** & **Carbon Production** \\  & **(km\({}^{2}\))** & \(\underset{\Sigma}{\Sigma}\) **(million Points)** & **(points-m\({}^{-2}\))** & **(million L year\({}^{-1}\))** & **(L-m\({}^{-2}\) year\({}^{-1}\))** & **(IC-year\({}^{-1}\))** & **(IC-year\({}^{-1}\))** \\ \hline Liberec & 106 & 2005 & 18.9 & 49,080 & 463 & 599,582 & 5.27 \\ Decin & 118 & 2659 & 22.6 & 59,035 & 502 & 689,099 & 5.85 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Assessment of ecosystem functions: aggregate values for the whole administrative territories of Liberec and Déin (\(\sum\)) and average values per area unit (\(\O\)). Biodiversity expressed in HVM (points-m\({}^{-2}\)) [36], evapotranspiration (L-m\({}^{-2}\).year\({}^{-1}\)), and annual carbon production (IC-ha\({}^{-1}\).year\({}^{-1}\)) [99]. For connectivity planning, the selection of appropriate data is crucial.