# Designing a Generalist Education AI Framework for Multimodal Learning and Ethical Data Governance
## 3 Materials and Methods
### GEAI Model
#### 3.1.3 Trusted Domains of GEAI  
The GEAI Trusted Domain establishes a vertically integrated architecture inspired by regulated industries such as healthcare and finance; yet it is uniquely adapted for educational contexts. It emphasizes data traceability, institutional sovereignty, and AI auditability, which are essential for trustworthy educational AI. This domain consists of two interconnected components: the GEAI Resource Domain and the GEAI Model and Inference Domain, both governed by cross-institutional policies (e.g., data-sharing agreements) and secured via technical protocols (e.g., TLS 1.3). Together, these components form a secure, interoperable, and ethically governed infrastructure that supports multimodal data processing while ensuring compliance with legal frameworks such as GDPR and FERPA [22]. * GEAI Resource Domain  
This domain serves as the foundation of a trusted educational AI ecosystem. It aggregates certified hardware (e.g., Multimedia Registration Devices, or MM Devices), human expertise, and diverse datasets from multiple institutions under predefined regulatory and ethical conditions. These inputs are indexed and preprocessed to train foundational GEAI models for downstream applications, such as emotion-aware tutoring and adaptive lesson planning. This design aligns with UNESCO's global educational imperatives--equity, quality, and relevance [1]. **Data Legitimacy and Traceability:** The domain captures multimodal classroom data (e.g., up to 1080p video, up to 16 kHz audio, interaction logs) from proposed MM Devices. Provenance metadata is recorded via blockchain audit trails, and AI-generated content \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Component** & **Description** & **Security Feature** & **Standard/Protocol** & **Reference** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{HSM} & Embedded module for secure & \multirow{3}{*}{Tamper-resistant; supports memory & FIPS 140-2 Level & [PERSON] et al. [38]; \\  & key generation and storage & wiping upon intrusion detection & 3[39] & [PERSON] et al. [34] \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Symmetric Keys} & AES-256 for encrypting & \multirow{3}{*}{Ensures data confidentiality during & NIST SP 800-57 & \\  & multimodal data (video, audio, text) & storage and processing & [40] & [PERSON] et al. [38] \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Asymmetric Keys} & Public-private pairs for secure & \multirow{3}{*}{Enables authentication and data & NIST SP 800-57 & \\  & communications & integrity on GEAI platforms & [40] & [PERSON] et al. [38] \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Local Key Injection} & Setup-stage key injection in an & \multirow{3}{*}{Protects against unauthorized & ISO 27001 [41], & \\  & ISO 27001-certified & & initialization access & GDPR [42], \\  & environment & & FERPA [43] & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Remote Key Injection} & Secure key updates via & \multirow{3}{*}{End-to-end encrypted; resists & TLS 1.3[44], & PCI Security \\  & registered GEAI channels & interception over open networks & PCI P2 PE [45] & Standards \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Anomaly Detection} & ML-based intrusion response & \multirow{3}{*}{Automatically triggers protective actions in the event of threats} & \multirow{3}{*}{Not specified} & [PERSON] et al. [34] \\ \cline{1-1}  & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: HSM and Key Management Features for MM Devices. (AGC) is labeled with timestamps and model identifiers. These mechanisms aim to improve academic transparency and address concerns surrounding deepfake risks in educational settings [22; 35]. **Bias Mitigation and Inclusiveness:** The domain includes a broad spectrum of data across K-12 and higher education, covering linguistic (e.g., English, Mandarin), geographic (urban/rural), and disciplinary (e.g., STEM, humanities) dimensions. Proposed stratified sampling ensures representativeness, mitigating algorithmic bias and improving model fairness [9; 46]. **Secure Use of Personal Learning Data:** Student records (e.g., test scores, competency assessments) are protected via AES-256 encryption and role-based access.