## 2 Results and Discussion  
The analysis was performed by means of HS-SPME-GC/MS, which allows efficient extraction and concentrates aromatic compounds. In this study, a semi-quantitative HS-SPME-GC/MS/FID method has been developed for a fresh _R. alba_ blossom aroma profile analysis. Both GC/MS and GC-FID are powerful and sensitive techniques for analysis of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in complex mixtures, but GC-FID is more preferable for the quantitation, while GC/MS is unsurpassed for qualitative analysis and identification of the constituents. Therefore, the quantitative results, in relative percents, given in the text below are from the GC-FID analysis (Tables 1 and S1). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Compound**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Amama**} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**NoNo**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Wa  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Compound**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} & \multicolumn{11}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{**Anous**}} \\  & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Description**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink00**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink00**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**[PERSON]**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink00**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Wink00**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink05**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Fink05**} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{3-14}  & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{14}{c}{TOTAL} \\ \multicolumn{14}{c}{} \\ \multicolumn{1 Flowers from two clones of the _R. alba_ population were used, with predominantly white and rose-colored petals (Figure 1), labelled as white and pink in the manuscript. Among all of the variations in the population, these two clones are the most promising according to the olfactory estimation and the essential oil composition. More than 75 individual compounds were detected, and 47 of them were identified and quantified in the fresh _R. alba_ L. flowers using HS-SPME-GC/MS/FID. Representative GC/MS total-ion current (TIC) chromatograms of fresh _R. alba_ blossoms are shown in  
It is known that the most floral scent compounds are produced via three general biosynthetic pathways, i.e., terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, and fatty-acid derivatives [33]. The oil-bearing rose species are rich in terpenoids and phenylpropanoid/benzenoid compounds, which not only enhance the ornamental value of roses, but are also an industrially important source of fragrances and flavorings for perfumery and cosmetics, and are responsible for the wide range of pharmacological activities. Our study revealed that the aroma fraction of _R. alba_ volatile organic compounds (VOCs) consists mainly of monoterpene alcohols; 2-phenylethanol (8.4-33.9%) was the most abundant component, followed by geraniol (12.8-32.5%) and \(\beta\)-citronello1 + nerol (17.7-26.5%). Benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde were found in a relatively broad concentration range (2.62-13.78/0.42-4.04%, respectively). Linalool, \(\alpha\)-pinene, \(\beta\)-myrcene, rose oxides, esters, as well as sesquiterpene compounds were observed in low concentrations.