## 3 Results  
### Statistical Analysis of iEMG  
Figure 2 shows the results of the statistical analysis of the iEMG values for six hand gestures for the same muscle pair in the right hand of the female and male. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that most of the same muscle pairs in the right hand (females and males) showed significant differences when performing the six hand movements. In the three hand movements RM, FF and FK, iEMG values for all six muscles were significantly different between females and males. In the remaining three hand movements, TB, TI and HC, iEMG values for more than four muscles were significantly different between females and males. Furthermore, in all six hand movements, iEMG values were lower in female muscles than in males (\(p<0.05\)), except for APB in TB and FK. This result proved that there is a significant difference in the right hand upper limb muscles between males and females in performing the six gestures. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Classifier** & **Dataset** & **Neighbors** & **Kernel** & **Coefficient** & **Neurons** & **Neurons** & **Activation** & **Learning** \\  & & & & & **Layer 1** & **Layer 2** & **Layer 3** & **Function** & **Rate (\(\alpha\))** \\ \hline KNN & Sum & 6 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ KNN & Sum\_Label & 4 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ SVM & Sum & - & Gaussian & 1000 & - & - & - & - & - \\ SVM & Sum\_Label & - & Gaussian & 590 & - & - & - & - & - \\ ANN & Sum & - & - & - & 128 & 64 & 32 & Relu & \(10^{-4}\) \\ ANN & Sum\_Label & - & - & - & 128 & 64 & 32 & Relu & \(10^{-4}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: The optimal configurations of k-NN, SVM and ANN classifiers for adding a sex labeling obtained from the validation set. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Classifier** & **Dataset** & **Neighbors** & **Kernel** & **Coefficient** & **Neurons** & **Neurons** & **Neurons** & **Activation** & **Learning** \\  & & & & & **Layer 1** & **Layer 2** & **Layer 3** & **Function** & **Rate (\(\alpha\))** \\ \hline KNN & Female & 2 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ KNN & Male & 2 & - & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ KNN & Half\_F\&M & 5 & - & - & - & - & - & - \\ SVM & Female & - & Gaussian & 610 & - & - & - & - & - \\ SVM & Male & - & Gaussian & 3850 & - & - & - & - & - \\ SVM & Half\_F\&M & - & Gaussian & 17,000 & - & - & - & - & - \\ ANN & Female & - & - & - & 128 & 64 & 32 & Relu & \(10^{-4}\) \\ ANN & Male & - & - & - & 128 & 64 & 32 & Relu & \(10^{-4}\) \\ ANN & Half\_F\&M & - & - & - & 128 & 64 & 32 & Relu & \(10^{-4}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: The optimal configurations of k-NN, SVM and ANN classifiers for differentiating sex datasets obtained from the validation set. Table 7 shows the statistical results from the three-way ANOVA for iEMG values of sex, motion and muscle factors. The sex factor, motion factor and muscle factor are named SEX, MT and MUSCLE respectively, in Table 5. The three-way ANOVA was run on a sample of iEMG values to examine the effect of sex, motion and muscle. There was a statistically significant three-way interaction between SEX, MT and MUSCLE (F = 15.504, \(p\) = 0.000). When calculating the two-way ANOVA, the MT by SEX (F = 13.192, \(p\) = 0.000), MT by MUSCLE (F = 594.537, \(p\) = 0.000) and SEX by MUSCLE (F = 50.537, \(p\) =0.000) are statistically significant. Meanwhile, MT (F = 1710.542, \(p\) = 0.000), SEX (F = 412.699, \(p\) = 0.000) and MUSCLE (F = 3374.416, \(p\) = 0.000) were all statistically significant at the time of the  
Figure 2: The statistical analysis results of iEMG values for six hand movements of the same muscle pair in the right hand of female and male. (**A**) RM; (**B**) TB; (**C**) TI; (**D**) FF; (**E**) HC; (**F**) FK. (*) represents \(p\) < 0.05 between the right hand of the female and male. Error bars represent standard error. one-way ANOVA.The results of the [PERSON]'s HSD multiple comparison test are shown in Appendix A (Tables A1 and A2).