esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
In response to the above issues, this article first analyzes the communication requirements for differentiated data center management service, integrates multiple heterogeneous communication methods, and constructs a communication architecture for a data center management system that includes local and remote communication, Furthermore, we analyze the key technologies supporting this architecture. To address the issue of poor adaptability between differentiated services and modern communication technology, a comprehensive and scalable communication index system for data center management systems is established. A subjective and objective combination weighting model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and fusion entropy weight CRITIC method is proposed to weight the differentiated service communication demand index. Then, the grey correlation analysis method is used to improve the approximation ideal solution ranking method to select the optimal local and remote communication technologies for specific power services. The subjective-objective weighting method fully considers both subjective decision-making needs and the objective attributes of the indexes, ensuring accurate and reasonable weight results. The improved TOPSIS method based on grey relational analysis simultaneously considers the proximity and correlation between alternative energy storage solutions and the ideal solution, enhancing the ability to handle uncertain information. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by taking four differentiated power load management services as examples.
# Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) of Toroidal End Tool Milling Process
## 3 Results and Analysis
### Cutting Process Stability  
The first stage of the research involved determining the stability regions of the milling process. To achieve this, a stability lobe diagram was constructed using CUTPRO software. Modal analysis was performed by an impact test applied to the cutting tool with the modal hammer, and the response measured by an accelerometer was recorded. From these signals, the Frequency Response Function (FRF) was calculated. Using the FRF, the SLD was determined for specific tool and workpiece material parameters (Figure 4).  
The analysis of the SLD for the cutting process revealed that the process remains always stable regardless of the spindle speed for depths of cut \(a_{p}<4.8\) mm. Therefore, the maximum depth of cut used in the experiment was \(a_{p}=2.5\) mm Additionally, the spindle speed during the tests was kept constant at \(n=2275\) rpm. Given that only one cutting edge was used, this results in a periodic forcing frequency of 38 Hz in the milling process. With such a low forcing frequency, the process remained consistently in a steady state because the natural frequency of the tool was significantly higher and was equal to 1750 Hz. On the basis of the analysis, it can be concluded that the tests were conducted under stable conditions, effectively eliminating the influence of chatter vibrations on the test results.  
Additionally, in order to ensure the stability of the milling process, a short tool overhang was used, as shown in Figure 3. This provided high tool stiffness. Furthermore, a single-edge milling method was applied. As a result, only one cutting edge was engaged at any given moment, meaning the tool was subjected to force generated by just one edge. This approach ensured that, regardless of the engagement angle, the tool load remained constant and minimal, originating from a single cross-sectional area of the machined layer.  
Moreover, there is no difference in the SLD for feed f = 0.05 mm/tooth and f = 0.15 mm/tooth.
## 5 Case study
### Load Character and DER Data  
To verify the proposed optimization strategy and method, a microgrid project with a 20-year service lifetime is selected as an example. Load in this microgrid project consists of level 1 load  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l} \hline \hline
**Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)** & **Parameter** & **Value** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Wind turbine (WT)} & Unit price & \$100,000 \\  & Rated power & 30 kW \\  & Rated wind speed & 12 m/s \\  & Cut-in wind speed & 3 m/s \\  & Cut-out wind speed & 24 m/s \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Photovoltaic (PV) unit} & Unit price & \$90 \\  & Rated power & 0.2 kWp \\  & Rated sunlight intensity & \(1\) kW/m\({}^{2}\) \\  & Ratedtemperature & \(25\)\({}^{\circ}\)C \\  & Power temperature coefficient & \(-0.45\%\) \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Diesel generator} & Unit price & \$5000 \\  & Rated power & 100 kW \\  & Coefficient \(A\) & 0.246 L/kWh \\  & Coefficient \(B\) & 0.08145 L/kWh 1 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Super capacitor (SC)} & Unit price & \$7200 \\  & Unit capacity & 1 kWh \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Li-ion battery} & Unit price & \$2.1 \\  & Unit capacity & 3.2 V 3000 mAh \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Lead-acid battery} & Unit price & \$184 \\  & Unit capacity & 2 V 1000 Ah \\  & Coefficients in lifetime model & \(a_{1}=0,a_{2}=7753,a_{3}=-7.263\), \\  & \(a_{4}=2603,a_{5}=-0.8455\)2 \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
* The coefficient values are proposed by [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2004), 2 the coefficient values are obtained via curve fitting.  
\end{table}
Table 6: Basic parameters of power sources.  
Based on the illustrated data, \(C_{\text{om}}\) of a typical day can be obtained, and annual costs for operation and maintenance are calculated as 365\(C_{\text{om}}\). Annual pollutant compensation and energy shortage compensation cost is obtained similarly. The recycling profit \(C_{\text{r}}\) is calculated as 5% of the capital investment cost for each type of device, and the scrap value at the ending year of lifetime is discounted into the value at the initial year with \(r=3\%\).
# A Comprehensive Survey on Knowledge-Defined Networking
## 8 Discussion
### Benefits
#### 8.1.5 Simplified Network Management  
KDN can use ML to automate many of the routine tasks involved in managing the network. KDN architecture has a logically separated management plane dedicated to network management tasks. For instance, the KDN management plane can dynamically allocate bandwidth, allocate spectrum, schedule channels, offload data, etc. by automatically analyzing the mobility patterns of wireless devices and considering appropriate mobility management policies. KDN can automate the process of configuring network devices, which can save time and effort of network administrators. When there are new devices in the network, KDN can automatically detect and configure them without human involvement. It can further simplify troubleshooting by providing network administrators with real-time insights into network performance and potential issues, which will help them identify and resolve network problems. KDN can use predictive analytics, that is, predicting problems in the network even before they occur, using data analysis techniques to take proactive measures to prevent them. KDN allows centralized network management, which enables network administrators to manage all network devices from a single location, similar to SDN. However, the management in KDN is more simplified than in SDN, as routine tasks such as device configuration can be automated, while the configuration policies and management policies will have to be defined by the network administrators only once, and the defined policies can be dynamically updated using the knowledge or rules generated from the knowledge plane based on the network status to provide adaptive network management.
# Geometric Accuracy Evaluation Method for Subway Stations Based on 3D Laser Scanning
## 2 Related Work
### Registration Issues
#### 2.1.2 Registration between Point Clouds and BIM  
In recent years, the use of BIM in AEC has increased, and while registration problems are not limited to point clouds, point clouds for BIM registration have received more attention. In essence, point-cloud-to-BIM registration can be accomplished using the point-cloud-to-point-cloud registration technical approach, since BIM can be quantified as sampled points or meshes [41]. Using the geometric, semantic, and topological information of a building structure, much work has been conducted by many scholars on the registration of point clouds with BIM.  
[PERSON] et al. [20] first proposed a point-based manual coarse registration method for registering point clouds with BIM. The method selects at least three pairs of corresponding points in two datasets for manual coarse registration and subsequently optimizes the registration results using the ICP algorithm. However, this method involves many manual operations. To reduce the number of manual operations, some scholars have investigated feature-based automatic registration methods. [PERSON] et al. [27] performed coarse registration based on planar pair point clouds with BIM by extracting planar surface elements from two datasets separately and calculating transformation parameters for coarse registration using the known relationship. This method avoids the tedious process of determining the corresponding points one by one and improves the automation of the registration. However, manual intervention is still required in the initial registration process.  
The BIM in the design phase and the point cloud belong to different modal data, and there may be significant differences between the datasets, making it more challenging to obtain the homonymous features in the point cloud from the BIM for registration. In practice, registration is performed by finding the corresponding points, lines, and planes. However, BIM contains a series of building geometry objects and semantic property definitions, and point elements only exist in the corner points of objects, which are difficult to capture in point clouds and difficult to extract automatically. Therefore, it is more convenient to use line elements and plane elements as corresponding features. [PERSON] et al. [42] proposed an automated column-based coarse registration method to measure geometric accuracies by locating the center of mass of each column to register the point cloud with the BIM, using random sample consistency (RANSAC) to determine the transformation parameters. However, this method requires pre-segmentation of the point cloud and a high accuracy of the extracted column centers, because the column fitting will cause the accumulation of errors. The premise of the existing registration methods is that two kinds of data (Point cloud and BIM) have the same coordinate system. For the cases that datasets in different survey coordinate systems, objects need to be aligned to the same coordinate system before registration.
# Effect of Laser Parameters on Optical Stealth Transmission System Performance
## 5 Conclusions  
In this paper, effects of laser parameters on the performance of the optical stealth transmission system based on gain-switched DFB laser are investigated. A complementary encoded optical stealth transmission system is proposed and demonstrated. In the generation of optical stealth carrier, the shape and spectrum of generated optical signal are changed by adjusting laser parameters. Compared with other parameters, bias current has the greatest influence on the temporal characteristics of gain-switched signals. Simulation results show that the power discontinuity in time domain is solved by complementary encoding and the power penalty caused by the stealth signal to the public channel is negligible. In order to enhance the BER performance of the stealth channel, laser parameters can be optimized and adjusted. However, there is a trade-off between BER performance and covertness of the stealth channel. Under the premise of ensuring BER performance of both the stealth and the public channel, parameters should be optimized to reduce the tone-to-noise ratio for the stealth channel. This paper may reinforce the application of the gain-switched laser in photonic layer security of the optical network.  
Conceptualization, H.Z.; methodology, X.W., W.M., and H.Z.; validation, W.M.; formal analysis, X.W. and W.M.; investigation, H.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grant No. 61901480.  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Pleiades satellite images of ten different test sites having different landscape characteristics were comparatively evaluated to check the spatial and spectral performance of the proposed method with quantitative accuracy metrics. In addition, visual interpretation-based analyses were performed on the results in order to discuss the performances of methods. The results illustrated advantages of using uniform color space for the aim of the Pan sharpening application.
# Insertion Performance Study of an Inductive Weft Insertion System for Wide Weaving Machines
## 5 Conclusions  
In addressing the challenges of wide weaving, this paper proposed a wide-width warp insertion solution, detailing the structure of an inductive weft insertion system for wide weaving machines. The equivalent circuit of the weft insertion guideway and the suspended shuttle was established and simplified, resulting in the derivation of the calculation formula for the mechanical performance of the weft insertion guideway. Finally, feasibility experiments were designed and conducted to validate the proposed wide-width inductive weft insertion structure. The following conclusions are drawn:  
1. After applying three-phase AC power, the electromagnetic coils continuously generate a rapidly moving unidirectional magnetic field. This field consistently provides stable traction force to the suspended shuttle during the warp insertion process, allowing the weaving machine to achieve a wide warp insertion width without being constrained by the initial velocity of the shuttle.
2. This study investigated the impact of various parameters, including shuttle structure, misalignment ratio, and current frequency, on the performance of the warp insertion guideway. The optimal design parameters for the warp insertion system, aiming to achieve maximum traction force and minimize energy loss, were determined: a shuttle suspension height of 10 mm, a thickness of 5 mm for the shuttle conductive plate, a misalignment ratio of 0.3, and a current frequency of 60 Hz. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the application of the inductive warp insertion system in wide weaving machines.  
Conceptualization, C.Z. and Y.L.; Data curation, Y.L. and Y.P.; Funding acquisition, C.L. and X.Z. ([PERSON]); Methodology, Y.P. and Y.W.; Software, C.L. and X.Z. ([PERSON]); Supervision, C.Z. and X.Z. ([PERSON]); Validation, X.Z. ([PERSON]), C.X. and X.Z. ([PERSON]); Writing--original draft, Y.L. All authors will be informed about each step of manuscript processing including submission, revision, revision reminder, etc. via emails from our system or assigned Assistant Editor. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 51875414), Wuhan Applied Basic Frontier Project (2022013988065209), Wuhan Knowledge Innovation Special Project (2023010201010115).  
Not applicable.  
Data Availability Statement: Data are contained within the article.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.  
Figure 10: Comparison of traction force results.
# Extraction of Visible Boundaries for Cadastral Mapping Based on UAV Imagery
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Reference data  
The current cadastral map for the selected area was retrieved from the e-portal of the Slovenian Surveying and Mapping Authority, which is an online platform for requesting official cadastral data [42]. The cadastral map was overlaid on the UAV orthoimage (Figure 1a). The visual interpretation of the combined dataset showed immediately that the cadastral map does not correspond with the visible objects that indicate land possession (land cover) boundaries (roads, agricultural field outlines) on the UAV orthoimage. From the initial analyses, it appeared that only 8% of cadastral boundaries correspond with the manually digitized visible boundaries (at 25 cm tolerance). This is because the current official cadastral map was created by digitizing previous analog cadastral maps whose origin goes back in the first half of 19 th century. Due to the underestimated need for cadastral map updating as well as due to the land reforms in the 20 th century (i.e., land nationalization and denationalization) the current possession land boundaries do not correspond with cadastral boundaries. Considering this, as reference data, manually digitized boundaries were used instead of the official cadastral data, as the aim of this research is to automatically delineate visible object boundaries from a UAV orthoimage and, at the same time, study the potential of the ENVI FX solution for the automatic detection of visible boundaries. Moreover, during the manual digitization of reference boundaries, some white stones considered as possession boundary signs were used as a guide for proper digitization (Figure 1b). The placement of white stones is a common practice in the selected study area, and for this reason, they were considered as reliable information during the manual digitization. In addition, the confidence in white stones as boundary signs is based on the authors' experiences in professional cadastral surveying.
## 2 Result and Discussion  
### Analysis of Aurantiochytrium sp. SK4 Genome and Transcriptome  
To provide a genomic architecture of _Aurantiochytrium_ sp. SK4, two DNA libraries were constructed and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform (San Diego, USA). The assembled genome size of SK4 was 49.62 Mb by k-mer-based estimation. There were 20,098 coding genes mapped on the genome.  
The genome features of _Aumatiochytrium_ sp. SK4 were compared with five green algae (_Chlamydomonas reinhardtii_[25], _Chorella_ sp. NC64A [26], _Chromochloris zofingiensis_[27], _Cocomyna subellipsoidea_ C-169 [28], _Monoraphidium neglectum_[29]) and the model plant _Arabidopsis thaliana_[30] (Table S1). The genome of _Aurantiochytrium_ sp. SK4 consists of the lowest average intron numbers (1.4 introns per transcript) and 45.5% of its coding genes have no introns. By contrast, more than 80% of the genes from the five algal genomes and 76% from Arabidopsis thaliana contain at least one intron. In addition, _Aurantiochytrium_ sp. Sk4 genome demonstrated a modest GC content (56.7%) and low repeat sequences (Table S1).  
To reinforce the annotation of the genomic data, two cDNA libraries of _Aurantiochytrium_ sp. SK4 cells cultivated for 24 hours and 96 hours were constructed, sequenced, and analyzed. Overall, a total of 27,251 uni-genes were identified, which ranged from 201 bp to 29,208 bp, with an average length of 758 bp. The length distributions of the assembled uni-genes are shown in Figure S1. There were 9829 uni-genes those were longer than 1000 bp. The uni-genes were aligned to five different databases including NR, Swiss-Port, GO, COG, and KEGG using BLAST ([[https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi](https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi)]([https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi](https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi))) with an _E_-value threshold of 1e-05. Of the uni-genes, 15,812 (58.0%) showed significant matches with genes from at least one database (Figure S2).  
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. A total of 2069 DEGs (1319 up-regulated and 750 down-regulated) were found between the cells cultivated for 24 hours and 96 hours by KEGG ([[https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html](https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html)]([https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html](https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html))) pathway enrichment (\(p\) value <0.01), these DEGs were shown to be focused on \"Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis\", \"Ubiquinone, and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis\", \"Steroid biosynthesis\", \"Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation\", \"Pyrvvate metabolism\",and some more functions (Figure S3). Most of these pathways were related to carotenoid and fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, _Aurantiochytrium_ sp. Sk4 cells underwent great changes in gene expression during the biosynthesis of carotenoids and fatty acids.
## 5 Discussion
Regarding the impacts of future climate scenarios, flood management and landscape reshaping [84] are imperative to increase the resilience of human communities and ecosystems. The region where the study area is located is still at risk of flooding due to sudden and heavy rainfall and mostly anthropogenic land use changes. In this study, the HEC-RAS 1D model was used to simulate the potential effects of flow rates from past flood catastrophes on the current riverbed. The advantage of this model is that it can produce fast and practical results at medium and small scales with less data and without requiring expertise. However, it is limited in providing high accuracy expectations in real-time flood phenomena. Nevertheless, 1D hydraulic modeling using data based on LiDAR-derived DEMs can produce sufficiently accurate information on flood hazards as stated by [PERSON] et al. [48]. Among them is LISFLOOD-FP [85], an efficient hydrodynamic model for calculating potential flooding over complex topography, the two-dimensional rainfall-runoff and flood inundation (RRI) model that treats hill slopes and river channels separately [86], the 2D hydrodynamic (HM2D) model for simulating complex flow patterns [87], HEC-HMS, a physically based and conceptually semi-distributed model [88], the 1 dCNN model developed as an alternative to high-resolution hydrodynamic models by [PERSON] et al. [89], the LSTM-SRR model by [PERSON] et al. [90], the GP-EOF model by [PERSON] et al. [91], and the LSTM-EOF model by [PERSON] et al. [92]; these are some of the current and improved flood models. Moreover, as stated by [PERSON] et al. [93] and [PERSON] and [PERSON] [94], the HEC-RAS model is calibrated with the past data and confirmed with the current data. However, since there is no gauge station within the study area, it was not possible to verify [PERSON]'s n with current data. However, the calibration process was carried out using the data in the technical bulletin prepared for the Bogacay River by DSI, the official institution, through the data of the past periods. The installation of a gauge station in the study area will remove the limitation of obtaining up-to-date data (daily flows, peak flows, etc.) for future studies. This study provides a general framework for the potential flooding of the Bogacay River, but it is recommended to use more advanced models as mentioned above to produce deeper and more accurate flood simulations of the basin.