# Performance Analysis of a Stand-Alone PV/WT/Biomass/Bat System in Alrashda Village in Egypt
## 1 Introduction
[17] formed an optimal grid system to reduce the energy cost while satisfying the operational constraints by using a Modified Farmland Fertility Algorithm (MFFA), while the hybrid system is a combination of PV, WT, and FC units as a case study for Ataka region in Egypt. [PERSON] et al. [18] proposed and analyzed an optimized sizing of PV/WT/Bat bank hybrid system as the optimal configuration for supplying the needed load with the least COE. The GWO algorithm is the proposed technique used for solving the optimization problem. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [19] studied an optimized sizing of an off-grid PV/biomass system compared to grid-connected PV/biomass system. The assessment of various viewpoints of multiple technical and economic performance were made using two optimization techniques, the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization technique and HOMER software. The results showed that the grid-connected model outperformed the off grid model in terms of cost. [PERSON] et al. [20], determined the optimal hybrid energy system composed of PV/WT/DG/Bat that would fulfill the load required to reliably supply residential housing in Yobe State, Nigeria, based on reducing the COE and LPSP. Optimization of the suggested hybrid power system was done using the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) and the obtained results were compared with the results obtained from CS, PSO algorithms. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [21], evaluated an approach for optimal sizing of an off grid hybrid system based on PV/biomass in Bardsir, Iran, with objectives of minimizing NPC and the LPSP. This research is focused on utilizing the harmony search (HS) optimization algorithm on modeling the optimal hybrid system. [PERSON] et al. [22] analyzed the operational behavior of an optimized hybrid micro-grid consists of PV/WT/biomass/Bat storage unit using the HOMER program to supply the required load of the investigated area in India with least COE, and to ensure zero LPSP. [PERSON] et al. [23] addressed the issue of techno-economic optimal design of stand-alone PV/WT/Biomass/Bat hybrid model utilizing HOMER program for a town in West China. [PERSON] et al. [24] discussed the optimal sizing and cost reduction solution for a microgrid hybrid system that both includes PV and biomass. The dragonfly algorithm has been applied to simulate and perform this optimization analysis and the results have been compared with the obtained results from the ABC method. [PERSON] et al. [25] evaluated the effect of four optimization techniques (Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), the HS, ABC, and the Fire-fly Algorithm (FA)) to determine the optimal sizing of an off-grid hybrid PV/biomass/Bat storage system while utilizing the minimization of NPC as the fitness function for the suggested optimization methods. [PERSON] et al. [26] presented different optimization strategies based on GA, BFPSO, PSO and Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) to construct an optimal PV/WT/Biomass/Bat hybrid system with different objectives which are COE, LPSP, RF, Particular matter (PM), HDI, JC, and GHG. According to the results, the TLBO technique is an effective tool for dealing with all problem objectives and providing the best solution. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [27] discussed the optimization of an off-grid hybrid system consisting of PV/WT/biomass/Bat units to supply customers' electrical demands in a cost-effective, efficient, and reliable manner. To determine the optimal solution, two optimization methods were used (HS and PSO techniques). The major objectives of this work are as follows:  
* The paper contains the study of four scenarios of a stand-alone hybrid system utilizing real-time meteorological data for a remote area located in the New Valley Governate of Egypt called Alrashda village in Dakhla Oasis. The first system scenario is PV/WT/Biomass/Bat, the second is PV/Biomass/Bat, the third is WT/Biomass/Bat, and the fourth one is PV/WT/Bat.