# Impacts of E-Micromobility on the Sustainability of Urban Transportation--A Systematic Review
## 4 Conclusions  
In this paper, we attempted to shed light on the impacts of e-micromobility vehicles on urban sustainability through a systematic review of global mobility studies in the field \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Source** & **Literature Review about Regulations** \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) & In Poland, the speed limit is designated as a maximum of 25 km/h for shared e-scooters. \\  & In Italy, the use of micromobility vehicles is limited by the need for a license to rent vehicles, certain age groups, and use at certain times of the day and certain places, and the speed of travel is regulated by rules. \\  & In Chicago, the travel speed of e-micromobility vehicles is limited to 15 mph (approx. 24 km/h), and their use on pavements is prohibited; they must be used on bicycle paths, but as an exception, children under 12 years of age can use them on the pavement. The age restriction for the use of shared electric \\  & scooters is designated as 18. People over 16 years old can ride \\  & Based on ten cities in the USA, users are required to wear \\  & protective gear such as a helmet when using e-scooters. Stickers or lights should be used to make the vehicles visible during night \\  & rhodes. Drivers should not use electronic devices while driving, nor \\  & should more than one person use a vehicle unless it is not \\  & specifically designed for more than one person. E-scooters can be \\  & used on bike paths or on the sidewalk with speeds of 15 mph (approx. 25 km/h) and cannot be parked in car parks or parked \\  & in a way that prevents pedestrians. \\  & In British Colombia, the age limit is 6+, max speed is 32 km/h, in \\  & most regions there is no need for licenses or registration, but a \\  & helmet is required. In Alberta, the age limit is 12+, the helmet is \\  & required in most regions; in Manitoba and Quebec the age \\  & limit is 14+. \\  & The study states that the main problem is inconsistencies in the law. For instance, in Oregon, e-scooters are prohibited from use on the pavement, and the speed limit is 25 km per hour (approx. 15 mile/h), although by law, micromobility vehicles are also prohibited from traveling at a slower speed than the speed of traffic, i.e., if traffic flows at 25 mph, the e-scooter should not travel more slowly than 40 km. In West Hollywood, California, e-bikes are prohibited from driving on the sidewalk. In King County, Washington, wearing a helmet is mandatory but not mandatory in other parts of the state. When an e-micromobility user enters a different district, the age restriction application may change. Helmets are not compulsory when using e-bikes and e-scooters in more than 20 states, although 6 states have required helmets for e-bike users. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Literature review about regulations. of e-scooters and e-bikes. This systematic review was categorized into seven sub-topics related to the impacts of e-micromobility, analyzing them in the terms of the mobility behaviors of citizens, the energy consumption, the environmental impacts, and the related safety issues and regulations. The impact on travel behaviors includes four sub-topics--the analysis of travel purposes, modal shift from different modes of transport to e-micromobility vehicles, average travel time, and distance. In the USA, e-scooter and e-bike sharing led to around 45 million trips in 2018 [6]. The global findings indicate that the average trip distance and travel time using e-scooters are in the range of 0.72-2.4 km and 8-12 min. However, most studies reported the average travel distance using e-bikes to be in the range of 3-4.5 km and the travel time to be in the range of 15 and 20 min. Therefore, e-micromobility has the capability to be used for all trips which are less than 8 km, consisting of 50 to 60 percent of total trips in China, the European Union, and the United States [11]. Thus, these findings indicate a great potential for the modal shift to e-micromobility vehicles.