###### Abstract
[PERSON] [7; 8] and [PERSON] [9] investigated the use of FPB for bridges in terms of strengthening techniques and economic benefits. The results showed that FPB can effectively attenuate seismic effects and is less costly than conventional structural ring springs, which were initially common in various mechanical components, such as artillery automatic floaters, slab casters buffers, and machine gun launchers [10; 11; 12]. In recent years, ring springs have also been gradually explored in the field of construction. A student apartment building at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, which was installed with a ring spring column-based damper, could withstand a 6.5 magnitude earthquake, and the building still maintains its elastic deformation without damage [13]. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [14; 15] installed ring springs on sliding hinge joints of pure steel frame nodes to improve the joint members' dynamic self-resetting performance and the nodes' seismic performance. [PERSON] et al. [16; 17] developed a new ring spring system using a shape memory alloy (SMA) instead of conventional spring steel. They explored its mechanical properties and applied it to beam-column node connections. The friction pendulum bearing and the ring spring bearing both show good seismic isolation performance in ground building structures, and the self-resetting performance of the friction pendulum and the superhigh load-bearing capacity of the ring spring are suitable for application in underground structures [18; 19; 20]. However, both can only show the effect of single-directional seismic isolation, and existing research shows that the subway station structure will be seriously damaged under the coupling effect of horizontal seismic action and vertical seismic force [21]. Therefore, a single-directional damping device does not meet the seismic requirements of underground structures. In order to achieve vertical seismic isolation and horizontal damping of the structure using the same device, this paper proposes a ring spring-friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing, in which the ring spring provides vertical seismic isolation and the friction pendulum provides horizontal damping. The self-oscillation period of the structure in the horizontal and vertical directions can be prolonged after setting the bearing at the bottom of the structure so as to reduce the transmission of seismic forces to the structure and achieve the purpose of protecting it. In this paper, the mechanical performance equations of the ring spring-friction pendulum bearing in the horizontal and vertical directions are proposed, and the forces of the ring spring-friction pendulum bearing under cyclic loading are simulated using Abaqus finite element software. The simulation results are compared with the theoretical equations to verify the correctness of the formulas and to provide a theoretical basis for the application of the ring spring-friction pendulum bearing to construction. Next, taking the Dakai station and the Kobe earthquake as the engineering background, the damage to the subway station structure in the actual earthquake is simulated by combining seismic acceleration loading with resonant force loading in Abaqus software, and then the vibration response of the structure is obtained by loading the structure with the bearings installed in the same way so as to illustrate the seismic mitigation effect of the ring spring-friction pendulum. The purpose of this paper is to achieve horizontal-vertical bidirectional seismic isolation of subway stations by proposing a new combination of seismic isolation bearings and to provide a reference for seismic isolation studies of underground structures. At the same time, the research in this paper highlights the differences in the causes of damage between underground structures and surface structures during earthquakes and that the vertical seismic force is a key factor for underground structural damage, which should be emphasized in the future seismic design of underground structures.