# A Lightweight Model for DDoS Attack Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
## 5 Case Study: Application of IDS in Energy and Utilities IoT
By leveraging IoT, energy efficiency can be improved and the use of renewable energy consumption can be reduced. This paper presents a review of the existing literature on the application of IoT in energy systems, with a focus on smart grids [26]. Additionally, it discusses enabling technologies such as cloud computing and data analysis platforms. The challenges associated with deploying IoT in the energy sector, including privacy and security concerns, are also examined along with potential solutions like blockchain technology. This survey serves as a valuable resource for energy policymakers, energy economists, and managers, providing them with an understanding of the role of IoT in optimizing energy systems. This paper explores the commonly utilized technologies, protocols, and architectures in the energy and utilities sector. Sources can be increased, and it also examines the environmental impact, the application of sensors, and it highlights the challenges encountered in energy and utilities IoT. (Figure 10) This research reveals that energy and utilities IoT applications typically involve three key components or stages:  
* Data acquisition through sensors and energy monitoring devices. * Connectivity and data transmission across the network. * Utilization of software for data storage, processing, security, visualization, and analysis. In the context of energy and utilities, these components enable the collection of relevant data, establish seamless communication, and facilitate the effective management and analysis of energy-related information. Figure 10: Application of the proposed IDS model in the energy and utilities IoT sector. The IDS aims to enhance network security and should be integrated into the fourth step of energy and utilities IoT implementation. IoT devices, such as smart meters, sensors, and monitoring devices, are deployed throughout the energy infrastructure. These devices collect data related to energy consumption, grid performance, asset health, environmental conditions, and other utility parameters. They continuously gather and transmit this data in real time or at regular intervals. The data collected by IoT devices is transmitted to centralized systems or cloud platforms for storage, analysis, and processing. These platforms provide the necessary infrastructure for handling the vast amount of data generated by the IoT devices. Cloud-based solutions offer scalability, data security, and accessibility for energy and utility companies. IoT devices in the energy and utilities industry are designed to be connected to a network infrastructure. They typically utilize wireless communication protocols, such as cellular networks, Wi-Fi, LANs/WANs, etc., to transmit data to centralized systems or cloud platforms. This connectivity enables seamless data transmission and remote monitoring. At each designated node, the collected and transmitted data from every device should be evaluated by the IDS, similar to the testing process with BOT-IOT and TON-IOT records. The nodes can be programmed to raise an alarm and discard the data packet if the IDS identify it as an attack. IoT devices empower corporate companies to actively manage their energy consumption. Through the utilization of smart building solutions and IoT-enabled devices, companies can monitor and control energy usage, establish energy preferences, and receive personalized recommendations. This enables them to optimize energy efficiency, reduce costs, and contribute to sustainability efforts. By leveraging IoT technologies, corporate entities can take proactive measures in energy management, enhancing operational efficiency and environmental responsibility. The IDS is lightweight and can protect network nodes without disrupting their operations, even with limited computational power. Its high accuracy ensures reliable results, enabling automated actions when an alarm is triggered. By conducting real-time attack detection at each node, the IDS efficiently safeguards energy and utilities IoT networks [26].