## 1 Introduction  
With the increasing depth of coal mining around the world, rock burst disasters are becoming more and more prevalent, which seriously restricts the safe production activities of mines [1, 2]. The prevention and control of deep rock burst disasters has become one of the focuses of academic research. A thick and hard roof is one of the main influencing factors of rock burst disasters [3, 4]. As the lithology of such roots is hard, making them difficult to collapse, it is easy to create a large area of suspended roof during the mining process of the working face. Any sudden failure and instability will release a large amount of energy, resulting in the occurrence of rock burst disasters, which pose a great threat to the safe production of the working face [5]. According to the drilling data, there are hard sandstone layers (groups) with a thickness of 10-49 m within 100 m above the coal seam in the Binchang mining area, Shaanxi Province. It is easy to create a hanging roof, leading to a stress concentration, aggravating the complexity of the stress field, and easily inducing rock burst disasters. Therefore, the prevention and control of thick and hard roofs is of great significance to the safe production of the Binchang mining area. The weakening treatment of thick and hard roofs is a powerful way to prevent and control rock burst disasters from the source. Many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research into the prevention and control technology of thick and hard roof rock bursts [6]. Based on the mechanism of a rock burst being induced by a deep, hard roof, [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. [7,8] proposed targeted prevention and control measures to avoid a hanging roof disaster. [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed prevention and control measures of hard roof rock bursts that used numerical simulations to release elastic energy by blasting the roof and carried out the engineering verification in the Jisan Coal Mine. [PERSON] [10] analyzed the mechanism of roof deep-hole blasting and applied it in field practice by studying the relationship between rock fractures and rock bursts. [PERSON], [PERSON], and other scholars [11,12] studied the influence of blasting on anti-impact and decompression by establishing models and put forward the advantages of deep-hole blasting technology. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [13-15] established a mechanical model of roof instability in hard rock strata and revealed the mechanism of rock bursts under the condition of a thick and hard roof. Taking the 401102 working face of Mengcun Coal Mine as the research object, [PERSON] et al. [16] studied the influence of surface hydraulic fracturing on thick and hard key strata and the mechanism of rock bursts and concluded that surface hydraulic fracturing can reduce the disturbance stress by fracturing the complete thick and hard rock strata into multiple rock sections to achieve the purpose of pressure relief. [PERSON] et al. [17] studied hydraulic fracturing roof cutting and pressure relief. The results show that hydraulic fracturing can effectively weaken the integrity of the roof and reduce the stress of the surrounding rock. [PERSON] et al. [18] took Yuejin Coal Mine as the research object and explored its pressure relief mechanism by analyzing the process and influencing factors of advanced deep-hole roof blasting. [PERSON] et al. [19] proposed a surface well acid fracturing pressure relief disaster reduction technology for the thick and hard rock strata on the coal mining face. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] et al. [20-22] used similar simulations, mechanical analyses, and other means to put forward the identification mechanism of a thick and hard roof of composite key stratum, and based on this, the prevention and control methods were optimized. Aiming to solve the problem of thick and hard roofs easily inducing a rock burst risk during mining, [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] et al.