## 5 Conclusions  
In the context of the abundant literature of satellite InSAR studies on the south Aegean volcanic arc and the published geological and geochemical research on Methana, the present study is the first that undertakes a multi-temporal InSAR analysis of the most recent ground motions in the peninsula in the period 2015-2019 and attempts to find correlations with local GPS benchmark, cGNSS and regional seismicity data collected since 2006. Methana is located in the seismically active neetectonic basin constituting the Saronic Gulf area, and recent efforts have been made by Greek institutions to specifically monitor the peninsula, among which is the nomination of the Permanent Scientific Committee \"Greek Volcano Arc Monitoring\" by the administrative board of the Earthquake Planning and Protection Organization (EPPO) in June 2020. In this context, this study is timely in starting to put together initial geodetic and satellite datasets to create a virtual monitoring network that, in the future, could be developed into a proper volcano observatory system. Based on the integrated data analysis, the general conclusion of this research is that the ground motions observed in the Sentinel-1 MT-InSAR ascending mode data are compatible with the anticipated \"low\" volcanic activity of Methana. Although the volcano does not show clear signs of activity in recent years, it is a hotspot of potential concern given that it is adjacent to very high-density population areas, including Athens and the surrounding major towns. The interpreted low level of activity is clearly the initial baseline above which further investigations need to be conducted and will need to be verified once the whole archive of SAR datasets dating back to the early 1990s is analysed (e.g., ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT) and the ascending geometry of Sentinel-1 made available for this research is complemented with same InSAR analysis of the matching descending dataset acquired over the peninsula since 2014. It is evident that the use of one SAR geometry only limits the extent to which the observed LOS ground motions can be interpreted. Therefore, future research may include processing of SAR data (even at higher spatial resolution) from both ascending and descending geometries and reconstruction of the 3D deformation field as well as longer time series of geodetic data to improve our understanding of the long-term deformation behaviour of the peninsula. Conceptualization, F.C., D.T. and I.P. ; methodology, T.G., F.C., D.T. and V.S. ; software, T.G., V.S. and K.P. ; validation, T.G., V.S. and K.P. ; formal analysis, T.G., F.C., D.T., V.S. and K.P. ; investigation, T.G., F.C., D.T., V.S. and K.P. ; resources, I.P. ; data curation, T.G., V.S. and K.P. ; writing--original draft preparation, T.G., F.C., D.T., V.S. and K.P. ; writing--review and editing, I.P. ; supervision, F.C. and I.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Remeasurement of the GPS benchmarks MESO and MENO was financed by \"HELPOS--Hellenic Plate Observing System\" (MIS 5002697), which is implemented under the action \"Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure\", funded by the Operational Programme \"Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation\" (NSRF 2014-2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund). Copernicus Sentinel-1 SAR data were accessed through the Sentinel Hub platform ([[https://scihub.copernicus.eu/](https://scihub.copernicus.eu/)]([https://scihub.copernicus.eu/](https://scihub.copernicus.eu/))) and processed using the GAMMA SAR and Interferometry software licensed to Harokopio University of Athens and ESA's SNAP software. GNSS data were provided by the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) for METH station, by HxGN SmartNet for LYGO station, and by the Institute of Geodynamics of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA) for MTNA and 010A stations.