## 3 Results  
### Initial and Final Setting Time of Fresh Mortar  
The results of the initial and final times of the geopolymer mortar samples produced in the study are presented in Figure 4 and Table 3. In the experiment conducted to determine the initiation and termination times, it was observed that the initiation times ranged from 12 min to 15.3 min and the termination times ranged from 18 min to 30 min. The mixture denoted as mix No. 2 exhibited the earliest initiation time, whereas mix No. 1 exhibited the longest termination times. With an increase in the quantity of FA, the initiation time of the geopolymer mortar decreased. Consequently, there remained a considerably limited time  
Figure 3: Specimens prepared from geopolymer mortar. Dimensions: 80 \(\times\) 100 \(\times\) 400 mm (beams) and 50 \(\times\) 50 \(\times\) 50 mm (cubes).  
Figure 2: Matrix of simplex design plots.  
for the workability of the geopolymer mortar--an undesirable circumstance. It was found that the inclusion of LP may have yielded favorable results in improving the workability and initiation time of the geopolymer mortar. The experimental results indicated a reduction in setting time and workability as the proportions of FA and BFS increased, as illustrated in Figure 5, which depicts the relationship between the mixing ratio of the materials and the setting time.  
In the polymerization process necessary for creating geopolymers, Si-O-Al and Si-O-Si bonds are formed. The binding materials, FA, and BFS, containing a substantial amount of SiO\({}_{2}\), and AL\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\), react with the Ca activator solution, resulting in the formation of Si-O-Al  
Figure 4: Setting time of the geopolymer mortar.  
Figure 5: The relationship between the mixing ratio of the material used and the setting time.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Specimen**} & **Initial** & **Final** & **Flow Table** & **Compressive** & **Flexural** & **Impact** & **Water** & **Dry Unit** \\  & **Setting** & **Setting** & **(mm)** & **Strength** & **Strengths** & **Resistance** & **Absorption** & **Weight** \\  & **Time (Min)** & **Time (Min)** & **Time (Min)** & **(MPa)** & **(MPa)** & **(MPa)** & **(kNmm)** & **(\%)** & **(g/cm\({}^{3}\))** \\ \hline
1 & 15.00 & 30.00 & 220.00 & 7.17 & 1.98 & 10.02 & 10.17 & 2.06 \\
2 & 12.00 & 19.00 & 185.00 & 14.61 & 2.82 & 30.06 & 9.02 & 2.10 \\
3 & 15.00 & 20.00 & 193.00 & 9.57 & 2.22 & 20.04 & 8.78 & 2.08 \\
4 & 14.00 & 18.00 & 185.00 & 12.54 & 2.02 & 16.63 & 9.27 & 2.07 \\
5 & 15.00 & 19.00 & 180.00 & 10.10 & 1.63 & 16.63 & 9.49 & 2.06 \\
6 & 15.00 & 19.00 & 195.00 & 12.02 & 1.69 & 16.63 & 8.64 & 2.08 \\
7 & 13.00 & 18.00 & 210.00 & 14.95 & 2.55 & 30.06 & 8.58 & 2.09 \\
8 & 14.00 & 20.00 & 200.00 & 13.69 & 2.90 & 33.36 & 8.87 & 2.04 \\
9 & 15.00 & 20.00 & 220.00 & 16.16 & 2.88 & 33.36 & 8.31 & 2.11 \\
10 & 15.30 & 22.30 & 235.00 & 14.96 & 2.52 & 16.63 & 8.23 & 2.08 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Experimental test results.  
and Si-O-Si bonds, thereby accelerating the polymerization and reducing the setting time by creating Ca-Al-Si gels. Consequently, unlike the hydration of conventional mortar, FA and BFS have been observed to decrease the setting time of geopolymer mortars, a finding consistent with those of earlier studies [41; 58; 59; 60]. Conversely, LP has been identified to increase the setting time of geopolymer mortars, aligning with similar conclusions drawn in previous research [39; 45; 46].