## 3 Results and Discussion
### Results of Molecular Docking  
The molecular docking binding energies between linalool, limonene, (-)-terpinen-4-ol, (-)-\(\beta\)-pinene, \(\gamma\)-terpinene, terpineol acetate, \(\alpha\)-terpineol and \(\alpha\)-glucosidase were \(-\)25.95, \(-\)25.53, \(-\)28.88, \(-\)25.54, \(-\)26.37, \(-\)28.46, and \(-\)27.63 KJ/mol, shown in Table 4, respectively.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Component**} & **Relative** & \multirow{2}{*}{**CAS**} & **Molecular** & **Retention** \\  & & **Content (\%)** & & **Formula** & **Time (Min)** \\ \hline
1 & (-)-terpinen-4-ol & 13.13 & 20126-76-5 & C\({}_{10}\)H\({}_{18}\)O & 10.893 \\
2 & (-)-\(\beta\)-pinene & 11.17 & 18172-67-3 & C\({}_{10}\)H\({}_{16}\) & 7.708 \\
3 & \(\gamma\)-terpinene & 9.45 & 99-85-4 & C\({}_{10}\)H\({}_{16}\) & 8.927 \\
4 & terpinyl acetate & 9.36 & 80-26-2 & C\({}_{12}\)H\({}_{20}\)O\({}_{2}\) & 13.276 \\
5 & \(\alpha\)-terpineol & 5.40 & 98-55-5 & C\({}_{10}\)H\({}_{18}\)O & 11.063 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Main components and contents of _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil.  
Figure 2: Total ion flow diagram of _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil.  
The absolute value of the binding energy reflects the strength of the intermolecular force. The binding energies (absolute value) between the seven main components in _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil and \(\alpha\)-glucosidaseae were greater than 20 KJ/mol, similar to those between anthocyanins and \(\alpha\)-glucosidaseidase (\(-\)29.85 KJ/mol) [29]. Anthocyaninrich foods have been shown to reduce the risk of diabetes [29]. The binding energies between these components in _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil and \(\alpha\)-glucosidaseae are close to those of anthocyanins, providing strong evidence to expound the mechanism of \(\alpha\)-glucosidase inhibitory activity for _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil.  
Two-dimensional diagrams of the interaction between the ligand and receptor are shown in Figure 3A-G. The polar amino acids of \(\alpha\)-glucosidaseae were mainly linked with the components of _Zanthoxylum bungeanum_ essential oil. Therefore, the interaction force was mainly the hydrophilic action of polar amino acid. Furthermore, hydrogen bonding existed between (-)-terpinen-4-ol and amino acid residues Glu271 (glutamic acid) and Asp333 (aspartic acid), with bond lengths of 2.93 A and 3.10 A, respectively; between lanlool and amino acid residue Asp202, with a bond length of 2.95 A; and between \(\alpha\)-terpineol and amino acid residues Arg400 (Arginine) and Asp62, with bond lengths of 2.95 A and 2.96 A, respectively.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l r r} \hline
**Component** & **Binding Energies (kcal/mol)** & **Binding Energies (KJ/mol)** \\ \hline Linalool & \(-\)108.63 & \(-\)25.95 \\ Limonene & \(-\)106.86 & \(-\)25.53 \\ (-)-terpinen-4-ol & \(-\)120.89 & \(-\)28.88 \\ (-)-\(\beta\)-pinene & \(-\)106.91 & \(-\)25.54 \\ \(\gamma\)-terpinene & \(-\)110.38 & \(-\)26.37 \\ terpineol acetate & \(-\)119.13 & \(-\)28.46 \\ \(\alpha\)-terpineol & \(-\)115.66 & \(-\)27.63 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Molecular docking binding energies.  
Figure 3: _Cont_.