## 3 Methodology
### Determination of the Properties, Parameters, Input Variables and Initial Conditions for the Model
#### 3.3.4 Kinetic Parameters of the Reactions
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Seed** & **Reference** & **Aiglation (ppm)** & **Catalyst** & **C\({}_{opt}\) (wt/\%)** & **Ratio (wt/\%)** & **Mechanism Step** & **_T (\(\mathbf{c}\mathbf{c}\))_ \\ \hline \hline Canola & Bala and Chidambaram (2016) [57] & 225 & NaOH & 1.5 & 6.1 & Single & 65 \\ \hline Coffee & Bala and Chidambaram (2016) [57] & 225 & NaOH & 1.5 & 6.1 & Single & 65 \\ \hline Corn & Bala and Chidambaram (2016) [57] & 225 & NaOH & 1.5 & 6.1 & Single & 65 \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{Diverodes edulis} & [PERSON] et al. (2019) [58] & 140 & NaOH & 0.1 & 6.1 & Three & \(55,60,65\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Jatropha} & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2010) [59] & 400 & NaOH & 1 & 3.7 & Single & \(50\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2011) [64] & Omitted & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Single & \(28,45\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2014) [61] & 600 & NaOH & 0.2,0.4,0.6,1 & \(31,4,51,61,93,121\) & Three & \(40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2010) [62] & Omitted & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Two & \(50,55,60,65\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2013) [63] & Omitted & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2008) [64] & 300 & KOH & 0.8 & 9.1 & Single & \(45\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (1965) & 300,750 & NaOH & 0.5 & 6.1 & Single & \(30,40,50,60\) \\ \hline [PERSON] & [PERSON] et al. (2015) [66] & Omitted & CH\({}_{3}\)ONa & 0.55,0.7 0.85, 1.115 & Single & \(4,6,8,10,12\) & \(45,50,55,60,65\) \\ \hline [PERSON] & [PERSON] et al. (2013) [67] & 750 & NaOH & 0.5,1 & 6.1,9 & Single & \(40,50,60\) \\ \hline [PERSON] & [PERSON] et al. (2011) [66] & Omitted & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Single & \(28,45\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Mutand} & Issarryakul and Dulai (2012) [42] & 600 & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2006) [68] & 600 & KOH & 0.5,1.15 & 6.1 & Three & \(25,45,45,55,65\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Palm} & [PERSON] (2000) [69] & Omitted & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(50,55,60,65\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] and Dulai (2012) [42] & 600 & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2000) [70] & 2000 (\(N_{\mathrm{R}}\)) & NaOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2007) [71] & 400 & NaOH & 0.20 & 6.1 & Three & \(50\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Repessed} & [PERSON] et al. (2010) [72] & 500 & KOH & 1 & 6.1 & Three & \(40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2016) [73] & 2000 & TMAH & 0.5,1.15 & 6.1 & Three & \(40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2016) [74] & 300 & NaOH & 0.2 & 6.1 & Three & \(50\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (1985) [73] & Omitted & NaOH & 0.5 & 6.1 & Three & \(20,30,40,50,60\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] and [PERSON] (1997) [26] & 300 & NaOH & 0.2 & 6.1 & Three & \(50\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2016) [74] & 400 & NaOCH\({}_{2}\), KOCH\({}_{3}\), NaOH, KOH & \(0.0157\) (mod) & 6.1 & Single & \(30,40,50,60\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Soybean} & [PERSON] et al. (2018) [77] & \(500,600,700,800\) & NaOH & \(0.08,0.7,0.8,0.9\) & \(451,61,751,93\) & Single & \(55,60,65\) \\ \cline{2-7}  & & & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Kinetic studies for transesterification of different unused oils with methanol (at atmospheric pressure, with homogeneous alkali-base catalyst, and mechanical agitation). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Seed** & **Reference** & **Agitation (tpm)** & **Catalyst** & **C\({}_{cat}\) (wt\%)** & **Ratio (wt\%/wt\%)** & **Mechanism Steep** & **T (\({}^{\circ}\)C)** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Sunflower} & [PERSON] et al. (2007) [78] & 400 & NaOH & 0.25-1 & 6:1 & Three & 60 \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2010) [72] & 500 & KOH & 1 & 6:1 & Three & 40, 50 \\ \cline{2-7}  & [PERSON] et al. (2005) [43] & 600 & KOH & 0.5, 1, 1.5 & 6:1 & Three & \(25,35,45,55,65\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._