## 3 Results
### Aerobic Stability of L. chinensis Silage
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Item**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Length**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Additive**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SEM**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} \\ \cline{3-10}  & & **Control** & **SU** & **LP** & **SU+LP** & & **Length** & **Additive** & **Interaction** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{pH} & 1–2 cm & 4.11 \({}^{\text{aB}}\) & 4.07 \({}^{\text{aB}}\) & 4.00 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3.85 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & \multirow{2}{*}{0.028} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 4.94 \({}^{\text{aA}}\) & 4.61 \({}^{\text{aA}}\) & 4.01 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3.91 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Lactic acid \\ (g/kg) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & 34.72 \({}^{\text{A}}\) & 27.42 \({}^{\text{A}}\) & 38.69 \({}^{\text{A}}\) & 35.44 & \multirow{2}{*}{1.046} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.054} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 12.30 \({}^{\text{bB}}\) & 7.32 \({}^{\text{bB}}\) & 30.27 \({}^{\text{aB}}\) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Acetic acid \\ (g/kg) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & 8.03 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 16.79 \({}^{\text{aA}}\) & 21.44 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 8.09 \({}^{\text{bB}}\) & \multirow{2}{*}{0.557} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.899} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 9.67 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 4.01 \({}^{\text{dB}}\) & 22.65 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 18.62 \({}^{\text{bA}}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Propionic \\ acid (g/kg) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & 10.67 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 8.19 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 11.10 \({}^{\text{aA}}\) & 6.22 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & \multirow{2}{*}{0.194} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.262} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(<\)0.001} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.156} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 9.70 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 8.22 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 9.45 \({}^{\text{aB}}\) & 7.00 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} Butyric acid \\ (g/kg) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & ND & 16.87 \({}^{\text{aB}}\) & 0.38 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & ND & \multirow{2}{*}{3.450} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.072} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.106} & \multirow{2}{*}{0.299} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 33.26 & 34.69 \({}^{\text{A}}\) & ND & ND & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} Yeast (Log\({}_{10}\) \\ cfu/g FM) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & \textless{}2 & \textless{}2 & 2.71 & \textless{}2 & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 3.63 & \textless{}2 & 2.56 & \textless{}2 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} Mold (Log\({}_{10}\) \\ cfu/g FM) \\ \end{tabular} } & 1–2 cm & \textless{}2 & \textless{}2 & \textless{}2 & \textless{}2 & & & \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{5-10}  & 4–5 cm & 2.45 & \textless{}2 & 2.03 & \textless{}2 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
Means with in the same row (\({}^{\text{a-c}}\)) or with in the same column (\({}^{\text{A,B}}\)) with different superscripts differ significantly from each other (\(p<0.05\)); SU, sucrose; LP, _Lactobacillus plantarum_; ND, no detected; SEM, standard error of means; cfu, colony-forming units; FM, fresh matter.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: The pH value and fermentation products of _L. chinensis_ silage with different chopping lengths and additives after ensiling for 90 d (Dry matter basis). Figure 1: The temperature changes of \(L\). _chinensis_ silage at a length of 1–2 cm with the time of aerobic exposure. CON, control; SU, sucrose; LP, _Lactobacillus plantarumum_. Figure 2: The temperature changes of \(L\). _chinensis_ silage at a length of 4–5 cm with the time of aerobic exposure. CON, control; SU, sucrose; LP, _Lactobacillus plantarumum_.