# Augmented Reality in Surgery: A Scoping Review
## 4 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Author** & **Application** & **Technology** & **Display** & **Registration** & **Error** & **Data Set** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{[PERSON] [42]} & \multirow{3}{*}{Fibula free flap harvest} & 7 markers. Actual, virtual & \multirow{3}{*}{HMD Moverio BT-200} & \multirow{3}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & \multirow{3}{*}{Not reported} & \multirow{3}{*}{756 osteectomies simulated.} \\  & & registration. Sagittal saw (GB129R) & & & & & \\  & & surgical saw (GB129R) & & & & & \\  & & with a tracking adapter & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{[PERSON] [43]} & \multirow{3}{*}{Vascular localization system} & CTA scan. No toxic & \multirow{3}{*}{Microsoft Holdens} & \multirow{3}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & Minimum 1.35 mm. & \multirow{3}{*}{7 operators.} \\  & & contrast agent. & & & & Maximum 3.18 mm & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & Registration real time. & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy & \multirow{3}{*}{MRL 3 transformations.} & From Da Vinci to pc & Marker-based, rigid & Not reported & \begin{tabular}{l} Agar prostate phantom ex \\ vivo. 12 patients in vivo. \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [45]} & \multirow{3}{*}{Holaryngology - head and neck surgery} & \multirow{3}{*}{CT, MeshLab and Unity.} & \multirow{3}{*}{Microsoft Holdens} & \multirow{3}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & In measurement of accuracy: 2.47 \(\pm\) 0.46 mm & A phantom. \\  & & & & & (1.99, 3.30) & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & (1.99, 3.0) & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [46]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Transphenoidal Surgery} & \multirow{2}{*}{C-arm radiographic fluoroscopy. Registration using ICT.} & \multirow{2}{*}{Operating microscopes HUD} & \multirow{2}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{l} Target registration error of \\ 0.85 \(\pm\) 0.44 mm \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{28 cases of transphenoidal surgery.} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7} [PERSON] [47] & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [48]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Foot sarcoma: Oncology} & \multirow{2}{*}{NDI Polaris. Smartphone AR application: PINO} & \multirow{2}{*}{Samsung galaxy} & \multirow{2}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & Not reported & A 3-year-old male patient. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7} \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [49]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Rehabilitation upper limbs} & \multirow{2}{*}{My abnormal. EMR data.} & \multirow{2}{*}{Monitor} & Marker-less, rigid} & Not reported & 3 subjects, with 10 trials for each subject. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Tu [50]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Orthopedics} & \multirow{2}{*}{Orthopedics application in Unity.} & \multirow{2}{*}{Hololens 2} & \multirow{2}{*}{Marker-based, rigid} & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{l} Distance error: 1.61 \(\pm\) 0.44 \\ mm. 30 angle error: \\ 1.46 \(\pm\) 0.46\({}^{\circ}\) \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{Phantom and cadaver experiment.} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [51]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Spine Surgery} & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{l} Ct, TeamViewer software \\ and holosurgery \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{Hololens 2} & \multirow{2}{*}{Marker-less, rigid} & not reported & 2 patients. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{[PERSON] [52]} & \multirow{2}{*}{Training} & Not specified & Holdens 1 & Marker-based, rigid & Error rates (\(p=0.047\)) & 10 surgical trainees. \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-7}  & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Cont.