## 3 Preparation and Calculations
### Aim and Range of Calculations
#### 3.2.2 Technological Scope  
The scenarios that were explored regarding ELT treatment and their possible outcomes are summarized in Table 1.  
Scenario 1 investigates the environmental consequences that accompany ELT dumping into landfills without considering energy recovery that could be achieved through incineration. Additionally, the risk of uncontrolled fire, with the ensuing air pollution, ground pollution, and water pollution, including CO2 emissions, is apparent. Scenarios 2 and 3 examine the potentiality of incineration-based recycling technology for energy recovery. The CO2 emissions are also included in the procedure for the two methods of calculation of the energy generation potential from the incineration. Scenarios 4 and 5 highlight the recycling of car and truck ELTs, which deals with the management of the materials received from the recycling process, like rubber, steel wires, and textile waste. These scenarios depress the partitioning of the precious substances and energy from ELTs, underscoring the value of the granules of ELTs. In Scenario 5, the environmental impact of producing 1 ton of new tires is assessed across all impact categories with the help of the OpenLCA instrument. Indeed, CO2 emissions, which mainly occur in incineration processes, are included in the calculations. For the expression of recycling importance, the comprehensive comparison to new tire production is represented in Scenario 6. Landfilling and incineration irreversibly lead to the loss of Earth's raw materials, which are fresh extraction and input from the Earth's resources needed to produce new rubber for tires. Using incineration heat from plants can provide the electric power required for heating the incineration unit. Although the incineration-based recycling technology can be commercially realized and used in the current situation where energy is expensive, this aspect must, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Scenarios** & **Process** & **Output from ELT Treatment** & **Risk Assessment** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{1.} & \multirow{4}{*}{Landfill} & \multirow{4}{*}{No outcome from operation} & Used territory, insect breeding, risk of uncontrolled \\  & & & Burning, which can lead to air, ground, and water pollution. CO2 emissions. Hazardous \\  & & & waste. Banned in EU \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{2.} & Energy Generation from & Heat energy can be converted & CO2 emissions are not included in the \\  & & & into electricity & burning process \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{3.} & Energy Generation from & Heat energy can be converted & CO2 emissions included in calculations \\  & & & into electricity & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{4.} & \multirow{3}{*}{Car tire recycling} & Crum rubber, steel wires, & CO2 emissions, textile waste can be incinerated, \\  & & and textile waste & steel wires may be remelted. \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{5.} & \multirow{3}{*}{Truck tire recycling} & Crum rubber, steel wires, & CO2 emissions, textile waste can be incinerated, \\  & & and textile waste & steel wires may be remelted. \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{6.} & \multirow{3}{*}{New tire production} & \multirow{3}{*}{1 ton of tires} & CO2 emissions and input from natural \\  & & & Earth resources \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Description of calculation scenarios, processes, and outcomes. however, be noted that the other investigated ELT treatment options for ELTs have been established for decades. In addition, a further goal of this paper was to identify hotspots of the incineration-based recycling technology for future optimization. Although there are other pathways to treat ELTs, such as the use of shredded tires in steelworks equipped with electric arc furnaces to substitute anthracite and scrap metal or to produce rubber-modified asphalt, these alternative applications can be implemented in mass production. In addition, truck tires are retreaded to prolong their lifetime. This gives the retreaded tires a new cycle of life.