## 3 Numerical Calculation Results and Analysis
### Comparison of Numerical Simulation Results with Wind Tunnel Test Results
This is why the overturning force coefficient of the telecommunication tower varies in a sawtooth pattern with the wind direction. At a \(180^{\circ}\) wind direction, the presence of the two antennas causes the wall boundary layer separation point on the tower cylinder to move forward, increasing the overturning force coefficient; at the same time, the large windward angles of the flat ends of the antennas enlarge the wake region, further  
Figure 12: Velocity contour and streamline diagram at the mid-height cross-section of the antennas when 2 antennas are arranged. (**a**) Form 1. (**b**) Form 2. (**c**) Form 3.  
increasing the overturning force coefficient, thus significantly enhancing the overturning force coefficient on the telecommunication tower at a 180\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction. When two antennas are arranged in form 2, as shown in Figure 12b, within the 60\({}^{\circ}\) to 120\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction range, the blocking effect between the antennas and the tower cylinder, and between the antennas themselves, is significant, reducing the overturning force coefficient on the telecommunication tower. At a 180\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction, the interference effect between the antennas and the tower cylinder, and between the antennas themselves, is weaker, and with the flat end of the antennas facing the wind, the wake region enlarges significantly, resulting in the highest overturning force coefficient on the telecommunication tower at this wind direction. When two antennas are arranged in form 3, as shown in Figure 12c, at the 0\({}^{\circ}\) and 180\({}^{\circ}\) wind directions, relative to the inflow direction, the two antennas and the tower cylinder are in a serial arrangement, resulting in the strongest blocking effect among these three elements, significantly reducing the overturning force coefficient on the telecommunication tower. In the 30\({}^{\circ}\) to 150\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction range, compared to forms 1 and 2, the interference effect between the antennas and the tower cylinder, and between the antennas in form 3, is significantly weakened, thus the overturning force coefficient on the tower is higher than the other two arrangement forms. For an arrangement of four antennas, there are three arrangement forms, as shown in Figure 9, and the variation curve of the wind load on the telecommunication tower with the wind direction is shown in Figure 13. When four antennas are in arrangement form 1, the tower's overturning force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient are most sensitive to changes in the wind direction. At a 90\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction, both the overturning force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient of the tower significantly decrease, reaching their lowest values. When four antennas are in arrangement form 2, the tower's overturning force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient significantly decrease at wind directions of 60\({}^{\circ}\) and 180\({}^{\circ}\). When four antennas are in arrangement form 3, the variation curves of the tower's overturning force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient with wind direction are relatively gentle, showing insensitivity to changes in the wind direction. Figure 14 shows the flow fields at the mid-height cross-section of the antennas for three different arrangement forms when four antennas are arranged in a single layer. As shown in Figure 14, with four antennas in arrangement form 1, at a 0\({}^{\circ}\) wind direction, the interference effects between the antennas and the tower cylinder, and between the antennas themselves, are weaker.