## 3 Results and Discussion
### Major Volatile Compounds and Polyols
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Compounds**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**CAS**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**WY + Act**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**AGLO**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**AGLO + Act**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**HG**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Y**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**A**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Y**\(\times\)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**OPT**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**OS**} \\  & & & & & & & & & & & \\ \hline Acetaldehyde & 75-07-0 & 86 \(\pm\) 5\({}^{\text{b}}\) & 66 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 65 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 66 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 2 & *** & ** & 110 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 1, 6 \\ Ethyl acetate & 141-78-6 & 28.5 \(\pm\) 0.1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 31.2 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 32.5 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 30.5 \(\pm\) 0.8 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3 & *** & ns & *** & 7.5 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\ Methanol & 67-56-1 & 84 \(\pm\) 6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 84 \(\pm\) 6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 78 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 83 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1 & ns & ns & ns & 50 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\
1-Propanol & 71-23-8 & 19.9 \(\pm\) 0.6 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 18.5 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 18.5 \(\pm\) 0.7 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 20.9 \(\pm\) 0.6 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 2 & ns & ns & *** & 830 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\ Isobutanol & 78-83-1 & 26.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 27.6 \(\pm\) 0.4 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 39.6 \(\pm\) 0.8 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 37.7 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3 & *** & ns & ** & 40 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\
2-Methyl-1-butanol & 137-32-6 & 38.8 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 40.2 \(\pm\) 0.7 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 44.7 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 45.7 \(\pm\) 0.5 \({}^{\text{d}}\) & 4 & *** & ns & 30 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\
3-Methyl-1-butanol & 123-51-3 & 214 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 211 \(\pm\) 5 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 233 \(\pm\) 5 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 244 \(\pm\) 4 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 3 & *** & ns & * & 30 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 6 \\ Acetoin & 513-86-0 & 16 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 21 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 37 \(\pm\) 4 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 19.6 \(\pm\) 0.7 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 3 & *** & ** & ** & 150 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 4 \\ Ethyl lactate & 97-64-3 & 14.7 \(\pm\) 0.2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 14.8 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 15.0 \(\pm\) 0.6 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 14.5 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 1 & ns & ns & ns & 150 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 4 \\
2,3-Butanediol & 24347-58-8 & 258 \(\pm\) 9 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 289 \(\pm\) 8 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 447 \(\pm\) 19 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 268 \(\pm\) 8 \({}^{\text{ab}}\) & 3 & *** & *** & - & - \\
2,3-Butanediol & & & & & & & & & & & \\ (_meso_) & 5341-95-7 & 36 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 40 \(\pm\) 3 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 99 \(\pm\) 9 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 39 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 2 & *** & *** & - & - \\ Diethyl succinate & 123-25-7 & 14 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 12.9 \(\pm\) 0.6 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 13 \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 8 \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 2 & ** & ** & * & 100 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 1 \\
2-Phenylethanol & 60-12-8 & 27 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 25 \(\pm\) 1 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 47 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 34.7 \(\pm\) 0.6 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3 & *** & *** & ** & 10 \({}^{\text{I}}\) & 9 \\ Glycerol & 56-81-5 & 4090 \(\pm\) 259 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 4046 \(\pm\) 118 \({}^{\text{a}}\) & 6946 \(\pm\) 133 \({}^{\text{c}}\) & 4473 \(\pm\) 100 \({}^{\text{b}}\) & 3 & *** & *** & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* 1: Furity; 4: Creamy; 6: Chemistry; 9: Floral. I: OPT from [PERSON] et al., 2024 [40].  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Major volatile compounds and polyols. Mean and deviation values quantified in wines (mg L\({}^{-1}\)). Letters (\({}^{\text{a, b, c, d}}\)) in the same row indicate statistical differences at the \(p\leq\) 0.05 level according to [PERSON]’s least significant difference test, represented in the table as homogeneous groups (HGs). Two-way ANOVA: ns = non-significant; *** indicates \(p\leq\) 0.001 (confidence level \(\geq\) 99.9%); ** indicates \(p\leq\) 0.01 (confidence level \(\geq\) 99%); ** indicates \(p\leq\) 0.05 (confidence level \(\geq\) 95%).