esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Mbc  
When regarding the bactericidal activity of the acorn extracts, the MBC values obtained can be seen in Table 2. Considering only the conditions which presented inhibition halos, it is noticeable that shell extracts presented lower MBC values than the fruit ones. When considering the different acorn cultivars assayed, it is interesting to note that while for _Q.__super_ there were no differences between fresh and HT extracts, the same could not be said for _Q.__lex_, as HT extracts were, in general, more active than fresh extracts. As the antimicrobial activity of plant/fruit extracts is strongly associated with their phenolic compounds content [36], this higher bactericidal activity could be expected as _Q.__lex_ HT extracts presented a higher total phenolic content. Comparing these results with previous works is difficult since, to the best of our knowledge, no previous work has been reported on  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Q.__lex_} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Q.__super_} \\ \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Fruit**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Shell**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Fruit**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Shell**} \\ \hline  & **Fresh** & **HT** & **Fresh** & **HT** & **Fresh** & **HT** & **Fresh** & **HT** \\ \hline C. _albicans_ & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI \\ _B. cereus_ & 9.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 9.8 \(\pm\) 1 & 11.5 \(\pm\) 0.6 & 11.8 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 8.8 \(\pm\) 1.3 & NI & 9.5 \(\pm\) 2.5 & 9.8 \(\pm\) 0.5 \\ _E. coli_ & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI \\ _L.__incua_ & NI & NI & 10.0 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 8.8 \(\pm\) 1.0 & NI & NI & NI & NI \\ MRSA & 10.8 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 11.0 \(\pm\) 1.4 & 11.5 \(\pm\) 1.2 & 10.5 \(\pm\) 1.3 & NI & 10.5 \(\pm\) 1.3 & 9.0 \(\pm\) 2.0 & 10.8 \(\pm\) 0.5 \\ MSSA & 10.8 \(\pm\) 1.3 & 13.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 13.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 11.5 \(\pm\) 0.6 & NI & NI & 11.3 \(\pm\) 1.1 & 11.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 \\ _P. aeruginosa_ & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI \\ _S. enteritidis_ & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI & NI \\ \hline \end{tabular}  
NJ, no inhibition observed.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Inhibition halos (in mm) for the extracts observed in the well-diffusion assay.  
the MBC values for either _Q.__ilex_ or _Q.__super_ acorn extracts. Nevertheless, some comparisons can still be drawn against works using other Quercus cultivars. [PERSON], [PERSON] [9]'s work regarding an aqueous fraction of a methanolic extract of Quercus baloot was contrary to the results obtained here, as it showed that the extracts in question had no bactericidal activity against S. aureus and B. cereus. On the other hand, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [5]'s results are in line with ours, as they showed that an aqueous extract of _Q.__infection_ had a MBC of 2.5 mg/mL for _S. aureus_.
## 2 Research Methodology
### Content Transfer Protocols
#### 2.4.1 FASP (Fast and Secure Protocol)  
FASP is a file transfer protocol that is designed to facilitate high-speed, reliable, and secure data transfers over wide area networks (WANs). It is commonly used in industries that require large-scale data transfer, such as media and entertainment, healthcare, scientific research, and government agencies. FASP is available as a standalone software application, called Aspera Connect, which allows users to transfer files using the FASP protocol. It is also available as a plugin for popular file transfer tools such as FTP and SCP, which allows users to seamlessly integrate FASP into their existing workflows. FASP achieves high transfer speeds by optimizing network bandwidth utilization and minimizing latency. It achieves security by using encryption to protect data in transit and authentication to ensure that only authorized users can access the data. Overall, FASP has become a popular choice for organizations that need to transfer large amounts of data quickly and securely over long distances, and it has helped to overcome some of the limitations of traditional file transfer protocols such as FTP and SCP.
## 1 Introduction
### Contributions of This Paper  
The contributions of this paper are as follows:  
* For the purpose of improving the quality of event logs, a novel data preprocessing framework is proposed for process mining.
* A multi-view framework is proposed to detect redundant activity labels in event logs. In particular, our framework integrates control-flow relations, attribute values, and label semantic information in event logs. In terms of the control-flow relation (i.e., the ordering of activities), we adopt the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) statistical method to compare the directly-follows and indirectly-follows relations of different activity labels. In terms of the attribute value (i.e., categorical or numerical values of recorded activity labels), activity labels are first clustered and followed by EMD to compare the value's distribution. We assess labels' semantic similarity by using the pre-trained NLP model as another view. A consensus is guided by a decision-making mechanism to integrate the results produced from multiple views.
* Experiments on publicly available datasets under various settings show that our framework can accurately detect redundant activity labels even when the redundant activity labels are infrequent and contain numerical values as attributes compared with the existing state-of-the-art approach.
* A case study in the healthcare domain using the 5-year EMR dataset collected from two local health districts (LHDs) in Sydney, Australia (2018), further demonstrates that our framework can be used as a preprocessing tool in real-life event logs.  
Figure 1: Process model discovered from clean event log \(L_{1}\).  
Figure 2: Process model discovered from redundant event log \(L_{2}\).  
The paper is structured as follows. Section 2 discusses the background. Section 3 introduces the basic concepts used throughout the paper. Our proposed framework is presented in Section 4. Section 5 presents the experimental results. A real-life case study is explored in Section 6. The paper concludes with Section 7.
# A Review of the Evolution Characteristics and Argillization of Clay Interbeds in Rockslides
## 4 Observation Technique and Analysis Method of Clay Interbed
### Observation Technique of Clay Interbed
#### 4.1.3 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)  
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used for observations in the order of 0.1-0.2 nm, with magnification up to millions of times, and it is far beyond the limits of an optical microscope. However, it is not popular in geotechnical research due to its high requirements in terms of sample preparation. In addition, its results will be greatly influenced by the sample preparation effect.  
The disintegration process of soft rocks could be studied using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM). By comparing the distribution of the atomic lattice on the basis of the microstructure, mineral water absorption expansion was proven to be not the main cause of disintegration [60]. Based on the theories of an energy dissipation cycle in thermodynamics, fracture mechanics, and the fractal strength of rock, a calculation method for new surface energy was derived, and then the law of new surface energy and energy utilization changing with time during disintegration was revealed.
# SubvectorS_Geo: A Neural-Network-Based IPv6 Geolocation Algorithm
## 4 Experimental Results and Discussion
### Analysis and Discussion  
In this section, we analyze the geolocation logic of SubvectorS_Geo, explain it in deep learning, discuss its limitations, and look forward to the fine-grained research in IPv6 geolocation.  
SubvectorS_Geo completes fine-grained trusted region partitioning by a layer by layer approximation region constraint policy and, then, evaluates the delayed similarity near the target IP to map the target IP to a landmark that satisfies the threshold. In the region constraint policy design, we introduced AS domains with geographic identification information, identification IPs, closest common routers, and hostname similar routing based on the a priori knowledge of IP geolocation. In addition, IPv6 prefix similarity within the trusted region was also included in the model evaluation, and the assumption that IPv6 addresses in the same region have the same IPv6 address prefix was statistically proven by [PERSON] [41]. The IPv6 routing lookup algorithm [42] also laterally verifies the validity of this assumption. The network characteristic with geoconstrained information is the logic of our design of the IPv6 geolocation algorithm, which is also the interpretation of SubvectorS_Geo on deep learning. Although SubvectorS_Geo can achieve better geolocation performance in a certain region, it is still in a structured data processing mode and does not focus on the contribution of suboptimal landmarks for the target IP geolocation, in addition to the difficulty of the neural network in modeling the connectivity information of the network topology [43].  
Landmarks play an extremely important role in IPv6 geolocation tasks, and the distribution and concentration of landmarks can significantly affect the performance of IP geolocation algorithms [44]. The rapid development of cloud services and the gradual  
Figure 7: Study of hidden layers in the three regions.  
adoption of the cloud service model for servers in traditional landmark collection regions such as universities, hospitals, and government units, with fewer available high-value landmarks, pose new challenges for IPv6 geolocation technology. It is worth noting that there are more IPv6 application scenarios in the rapidly developing IoT, and IoT devices including cameras are potential landmark collection objects. Meanwhile, we are also committed to obtaining more device network information from IoT application scenarios, and network modeling of IoT IPv6 application scenarios [29] is the direction of our fine-grained IPv6 geolocation research.
# A Wide-Range Four-Phase All-Digital DLL with De-Skew Circuit
## 6 Conclusions  
In this paper, a wide-range four-phase all-digital DLL with a de-skew circuit is presented. An HDSC-based de-skew circuit is proposed, which adopts the fall-edge-judgment phase adjuster and the three-stage digitally controlled delay line to accurately align the system clock and the 0\({}^{\circ}\) clock output over a wide frequency range. The proposed parallel-cascade configuration maintains the stability of the voltage network during the whole locking process to solve the variable phase alignment problem caused by the mode switching of the serial-cascade configuration. Fabricated in a 0.13 \(\upmu\)m 1.2 V CMOS process, the test chip achieves an operating frequency range of 26 MHz to 1.55 GHz, a typical alignment error of about 17 ps and a core area of 0.072 mm\({}^{2}\), which fully meets the requirements of ONFI 5.0.  
Conceptualization, J.K. and F.L.; methodology, J.K., F.L., Y.H. and Y.W.; software, J.K.; validation, J.K.; formal analysis, J.K.; investigation, J.K.; data curation, J.K.; writing--original draft preparation, J.K.; writing--review and editing, J.K., F.L., Y.H. and Y.W.; visualization, J.K.; supervision, F.L.; project administration, F.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under grant number 2022 YFF1202302, and the Beijing Science and Technology Plan under grant number Z201100004320006.  
The data presented in this study are available in article.  
The authors would like to acknowledge the professors and peers at the Institute of the Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences for knowledge sharing and equipment supporting.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.  
The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript:  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Reference** & [25] & [26] & [27] & **This Work** \\ \hline Process(nm) & 180 & 130 & 90 & 130 \\ \(f_{max}\) (Hz) & 625 M & 450 M & 2.7 G & 1.55 G \\ \(f_{min}\) (Hz) & 250 M & 80 M & 100 M & 26 M \\ \(f_{max}/f_{min}\) & 2.5 & 5.6 & 27 & 59.6 \\ Alignment error (ps) & - & 15 & - & 17 \\ Area (m\({}^{2}\)) & 0.09 & 0.08 & 0.089 & 0.072 \\ Power (mW@Hz) & 10.8 @625M & 26.0@ 180 M & 49.4 @2.7 G & 18.1 @1.55 G \\ Supply (V) & 1.8 & 1.5 & 1.0 & 1.2 \\ Four-phase outputs & \(\times\) & \(\checkmark\) & \(\checkmark\) & \(\checkmark\) \\ Eliminate clock skew & \(\checkmark\) & \(\times\) & \(\times\) & \(\checkmark\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Performance comparison of DLLs.
## 4 Experiments and Results
### Computational Load and Storage Requirements  
One of the main contributions of this study is to develop a real-time positioning system. Therefore, the processing time of a single epoch solution is important to guidance for a real-time operation that needs to maintain an output rate of 1 Hz. The computational load is directly proportional to the number of distributed candidates (sampling radius) and available satellites. From the result, the average number of total received satellites (including LOS and NLOS) and sampled candidates are 26 and 1143, respectively. The processing time for a single epoch solution is 0.91 s. In other words, the implemented system can provide a real-time operation at a 1 Hz output rate. If a higher output rate is required, using GPU has a huge potential to accelerate the process for real-time applications, such as presented work on using GPU for ray-tracing simulation [29] and correlation-level positioning [58].  
Another important point for 3 DMA GNSS implementation is the format employed to store the information of 3D building models. It is impossible for a microcomputer to generate skymask online or in real-time. Therefore, the skymask is pre-generated offline and stored in CSV format, as in [50]. If we were to cover the New York downtown area (around 3.6 km by 2.9 km), a total of 812,403 locations (outside the buildings) with 4 m separations for each candidate, the total file size of requisite skymasks would be 1.30 GB. This storage is still manageable for city-scoped applications. If the system has to be extended state-wise, further engineering work must be done to devise a sustainable solution for skymask database implementation.
## 2 Antenna Design and Optimization
### Circular Polarization  
One of the effective techniques for achieving circular polarization in single-feed antennas is the use of truncated corners. This design approach helps to manipulate the current distribution across the antenna, enhancing its polarization characteristics. Among the three antenna configurations evaluated, the incorporation of rectangular stubs with chamfered corners proved particularly beneficial, successfully lowering the AR to below 3 dB at the desired operating bands.  
Figure 4 illustrates the AR performance across the dual-band spectrum for the three antennas, highlighting the effects of the stubs on polarization. In the first antenna configuration, AR was significantly higher than the required threshold, indicating a lack of effective CP performance. Conversely, the second antenna configuration achieved AR values of 2.36 dB and 7.97 dB at frequencies of 3.39 GHz and 5.33 GHz, respectively, demonstrating improved polarization characteristics.  
However, adjustments are necessary for both operating bands to ensure that the AR remains below 3 dB, as seen in the first configuration. The incorporation of chamfered stubs in the proposed antenna design resulted in notable improvements, yielding AR values of 0.634 dB at 2.4 GHz and 0.974 dB at 5 GHz. These results underscore the effectiveness of the design modifications in meeting the AR requirements for optimal CP performance, thereby enhancing the antenna's suitability for UAV applications. The findings clearly indicate that careful tuning of the antenna geometry is essential for achieving the desired polarization characteristics.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Parameter** & **Value (mm)** & **Parameter** & **Value (mm)** \\ \hline W & 40 & Lf & 7 \\ L & 40 & Wf & 1.5 \\ h & 1.6 & Lg & 24 \\ D & 18 & g2 & 8.5 \\ LH\_cut & 25.8 & g3 & 0.0625 \\ WH\_cut & 3.5 & LV\_slot & 9.4375 \\ g1 & 0.1 & WV\_slot & 0.4 \\ Ls & 4.64 & LH\_slot & 8.5 \\ Ws & 4.75 & WH\_slot & 2.5 \\ L1 & 9 & Lsq & 6 \\ L2 & 1.5 & Wsq & 6 \\ arc\_r & 6 & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Proposed optimal dimensions of the antenna in Figure 2.  
Figure 3: Simulated return loss of Antenna 1, Antenna 2, and Proposed Antenna.
# Research on Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting by Data Mining on Historical Wind Resource
## 5 Numerical Case of Interval Prediction
### Results and Discussion  
The data is from 1500W wind turbines running in the NanAo Wind Turbine Testing and Certification Site of Shantou University on 2018.01.01-2018.01.31. The original data of historical wind series is preprocessed by the optimized Lomaofski norm model, and then divided the training sat and testing set. The data of 2018.01.01-2018.01.29 is used as training set, and the data of 2018.01.30 12:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. is used as test set of short-term interval WPF. The prediction results are shown in Figure 6.  
Figure 6 shows the predictive value of LUBE-Elman model and FIG-Elman model. Both have good applicability after analyzing and researching. Based on the uncertainty WPF, the fluctuation range of wind speed can be effectively predicted, which is conductive to quantify the intermittent risk of a wind turbine. The performance of the model is evaluated by the interval prediction assessment indicators, and the good performance should have narrower width and higher coverage probability of the interval prediction. The greater the coverage is, the stronger is the reliability of interval prediction. The smaller the interval width is, stronger too is the sensitivity. We can conclude that the interval width and the coverage probability of the LUBE-Elman model is worse than the FIG-Elman model under the same conditions, and besides, the MAPE of predictive value is higher in Table 2. The evaluating values show that the interval width of the FIG-Elman method decreases by 18.85%, and the coverage probability  
Figure 6: 1500 W Wind Turbine Power Interval Prediction Results. (**a**) 2018.01.30 12:00 a.m.–12:30 a.m. LUBE-Elman forecasting chart; (**b**) 2018.01.30 12:00 a.m.–12:30 a.m. FIG-Elman forecasting chart.  
of interval increases by 10.94%. The results are obtained by Equations (17) and (18) respectively. Additionally, the FIG-Elman model is better than the LUBE-Elman model.  
\[I_{\text{d.FIAW}}=\frac{I_{FIAW,L}-I_{FIAW,F}}{I_{FIAW,L}} \tag{19}\]  
\[I_{\text{i.FICP}}=\frac{I_{FICP,F}-I_{FICP,L}}{I_{FICP,L}} \tag{20}\]  
where \(I_{\text{d.FIAW}}\) represents the result of decreased interval width, \(I_{\text{i.FICP}}\) represents the result of the increased coverage probability of interval, and \(I_{FIAW,L}\), \(I_{FIAW,F}\), \(I_{FICP,L}\) and \(I_{FICP,F}\) represent the results of LUBE-Elman and FIG-Elman respectively.
# Data Synchronization: A Complete Theoretical Solution for Filesystems
###### Abstract  
Data reconciliation in general, and filesystem synchronization in particular, lacks rigorous theoretical foundation. This paper presents, for the first time, a complete analysis of synchronization for two replicas of a theoretical filesystem. Synchronization has two main stages: identifying the conflicts, and resolving them. All existing (both theoretical and practical) synchronizers are _operational-based_: they define, using some rationale or heuristics, how conflicts are to be resolved without considering the effect of the resolution on subsequent conflicts. Instead, our approach is _declaration-based_: we define what constitutes the resolution of all conflicts, and for each possible scenario we prove the existence of sequences of operations/commands which convert the replicas into a common synchronized state. These sequences consist of operations rolling back some local changes, followed by operations performed on the other replica. The set of rolled-back operations provides the user with clear and intuitive information on the proposed changes, so she can easily decide whether to accept them or ask for other alternatives. All possible synchronized states are described by specifying a set of conflicts, a partial order on the conflicts describing the order in which they need to be resolved, as well as the effect of each decision on subsequent conflicts. Using this classification, the outcomes of different conflict resolution policies can be investigated easily.  
Keywords:data synchronization; conflict resolution; filesystem theory : 08A02, 08A70, 68M07, 68P05 +
Footnote †: journal:
## 7 Results  
This section describes the experiments carried out with temperature variations. These variations demonstrate a better performance of the new approaches compared to FTSP.  
Three temperature-based cases of study have been considered for the experiments:  
**Low temperature:** Cases in which the temperature range is between \(9\,^{\circ}\)C-\(22\,^{\circ}\)C.
**Intermediate temperature:** In this range, the temperature is near the nominal value of the _CMR200T_ oscillator. The temperature range is between \(22\,^{\circ}\)C-\(32\,^{\circ}\)C.
**High temperature:** The last temperature range encloses temperatures between \(22\,^{\circ}\)C-\(40\,^{\circ}\)C.  
Several ranges of temperature are used to study the performance and behavior of the proposed approaches. In order to obtain a good relationship between synchronization and energy consumption, a BEACON_RATE of \(30\) s has been selected. This rate is appropriate to test the effects of temperature in relation to the oscillator frequency. A slower synchronization rate would not clearly show the frequency variations due to temperature, and also, the energy consumption would be highly penalized. The linear regression uses three elements to obtain information about offset and clock skew, using temporally closer values.