## Results and Discussion
### Cell Hydrophobicity  
Adhesion to hexadecane (nonpolar solvent) indicates the hydrophobic/hydrophilic surface properties of bacteria. Affinity for chloroform (polar acid solvent) and ethyl acetate (polar basic solvent) accounts for the electron donor and electron acceptor properties of the bacterial cell surface, respectively ([PERSON] et al., 2015). MKHJ 1-1 presented hydrophobicity values of 31.70% for hexadecane and higher affinity for basic solvents, such as ethyl acetate, than for acidic solvents, such as chloroform (Figure 1). These results indicate that MKHJ 1-1 has strong electron acceptors and weak electron donors. Many studies on the physical chemistry of microbial cell surfaces have shown that the presence of (glycol) protein material on the cell surface increases hydrophobicity, whereas the presence of polysaccharides is associated with hydrophilicity ([PERSON] et al., 2015). Therefore, it is assumed that the selected strain was composed of polysaccharides rather than protein material. However, according to [PERSON] and [PERSON]'s (2012) ([PERSON] and [PERSON]'s (2012) ([PERSON] and [PERSON], 2012) report, _Bacillus_ strains with 17% to 57% hydrophobicity in hexadecane were 2.8 to 4.9 log CFU/well attached in Caco-2 cells. It is expected that MKHJ 1-1 can attach to intestinal epithelial cells during ingestion.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & **Treatment** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**RSR (\%)**} \\ \cline{3-4}  & & **MKHJ 1-1** \\ \hline  & 1 h & 89.88 \(\pm\) 3.41 b* \\
0.1\% pepsin & 2 h & 94.77 \(\pm\) 1.28 b \\  & 3 h & 97.45 \(\pm\) 0.46 a \\ \hline  & 1 h & 42.33 \(\pm\) 1.72 a \\
0.3\% bile salt & 2 h & 41.63 \(\pm\) 1.90 a \\  & 3 h & 42.39 \(\pm\) 2.05 a \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Values with different letters indicate significant differences (\(p<0.05\)).  
\end{table}
Table 4: Relative survival rate (RSR) of MKHJ 1-1.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Pathogens**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Antimicrobial Activity (mm)**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & **MKHJ 1-1** & **1-2** & **2-2** & **13-2** & **17-1** & **19-2** \\ \hline _E. coli_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 1682) & 13.17 \(\pm\) 0.76 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 14.37 \(\pm\) 0.58 \\ _P. aeruginosa_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 2513) & 16.50 \(\pm\) 1.41 & 0 & 0 & 16.00 \(\pm\) 1.41 & 0 & 17.17 \(\pm\) 1.04 \\ _S. somei_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 2518) & 20.50 \(\pm\) 1.06 & 0 & 0 & 21.83 \(\pm\) 0.76 & 0 & 20.83 \(\pm\) 1.26 \\ _S. flexneri_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 22192) & 17.00 \(\pm\) 1.00 & 0 & 0 & 15.80 \(\pm\) 1.39 & 0 & 17.50 \(\pm\) 0.50 \\ _K. pneumoniae_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 2242) & 16.47 \(\pm\) 0.45 & 0 & 0 & 15.87 \(\pm\) 0.32 & 0 & 17.33 \(\pm\) 1.53 \\ _S. aureus_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 3881) & 13.00 \(\pm\) 2.83 & 18.50 \(\pm\) 2.12 & 0 & 16.00 \(\pm\) 2.83 & 0 & 0 \\ _B. cereus_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 3624) & 11.67 \(\pm\) 0.58 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 13.75 \(\pm\) 0.35 \\ _L. monocytogenes_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 3710) & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ _L. innocua_ & & & & & & \\ (KCTC 3586) & 0 & 20.00 \(\pm\) 0.00 & 0 & 17.50 \(\pm\) 1.41 & 18.25 \(\pm\) 1.06 & 0 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Antimicrobial activity of _Bacillus_ strains against pathogenic bacteria.