## 4 Results
### Space Used by Passengers Boarding and Alighting  
The following results are presented to compare the space used by a passenger without reduced mobility in the boarding and alighting processes. For this determination, five passengers were selected randomly from those who boarded or alighted the train. It is important to remember that the experiments represented the situation of a terminal metro station in which the train was empty when the boarding started, and the platform did not have passengers waiting to board when alighting started. In other words, passengers who alighted did not interact with passengers waiting to board the train. Similarly, passengers who boarded the train did not interact with passengers alighting. These interactions were out of the scope of this research; however, they should be considered in further studies. Table 5 shows the average space occupied by a passenger without reduced mobility when crossing the yellow safety line at the platform edge. The average space occupied is 1.71 m\({}^{2}\)/passenger, which is comparable to the space occupied by a passenger using a pram who is waiting to board the train (see Table 2). In addition, the average space occupied by a passenger without reduced mobility boarding the train is 80% greater than the space \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Runs**} & **Occupied Space** & **Rear Distance** & **Lateral Right** & **Lateral Left** & **Front Distance** & **Distance \(d\) to the Passenger** \\  & **(m\({}^{2}\)/pass)** & **(cm)** & **Distance (cm)** & **Distance (cm)** & **(cm)** & **without Reduced Mobility (cm)** \\ \hline
1 & 1.02 & 53.39 & 35.80 & 41.25 & 40.55 & 61.81 \\
2 & 0.70 & 41.60 & 46.51 & 23.59 & 31.94 & 54.12 \\
3 & 1.00 & 51.96 & 38.93 & 43.83 & 32.03 & 59.87 \\
4 & 1.08 & 42.47 & 46.45 & 45.94 & 32.92 & 61.37 \\
5 & 1.00 & 46.33 & 49.74 & 41.53 & 27.54 & 57.14 \\
6 & 1.03 & 35.51 & 46.06 & 38.49 & 39.69 & 59.40 \\
7 & 0.89 & 40.54 & 41.37 & 45.11 & 28.96 & 58.80 \\
8 & 1.09 & 42.39 & 50.88 & 36.45 & 37.47 & 63.68 \\
9 & 0.83 & 35.87 & 35.68 & 51.51 & 27.55 & 51.83 \\
10 & 0.76 & 41.89 & 39.52 & 43.17 & 22.59 & 52.06 \\
11 & 0.91 & 44.70 & 38.21 & 40.31 & 28.42 & 56.05 \\ Average & 0.94 & 43.33 & 42.65 & 41.02 & 31.79 & 57.83 \\ Standard & & & & & & \\ Deviation & 0.13 & 5.64 & 5.47 & 7.04 & 5.59 & 3.96 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Average space occupied by passengers without reduced mobility waiting to board the train. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Runs**} & **Occupied Space** & **Rear Distance** & **Lateral Right** & **Lateral Left** & **Front Distance** & **Distance \(d\) to the Passenger with Reduced Mobility (cm)** \\ \hline
10 & 0.49 & 41.17 & 24.44 & 32.50 & 23.04 & 50.41 \\ Average & 1.11 & 51.69 & 41.49 & 46.32 & 29.38 & 63.30 \\ Standard & 0.36 & 5.45 & 20.85 & 10.15 & 13.62 & 9.69 \\ Deviation & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._occupied by the same type of passenger waiting to board the train. In other words, when passengers are moving, they need more space for their legs and arms, which is in agreement with the study reported in [4]. In the case of the alighting process, Table 6 shows the average space occupied by passengers without reduced mobility when crossing the yellow safety line at the platform edge. The average space in the alighting process (3.74 m\({}^{2}\)/passenger) is almost twice the average space as in the boarding process (1.71 m\({}^{2}\)/passenger). This statistical difference may be explained by passengers being able to move along the platform to exit the experiment mock-up, reaching a lower density. However, in the boarding process, passengers were restricted by the train's structure (i.e., walls and train doors). This can also be noticed in the distance \(d\) to the passenger without reduced mobility in which a value of 112.1 cm is reached (45% more than the distance as per the boarding process).