## 2 Conceptual Model and Hypothesis
### User Character  
Literature on information and communication technologies (ICTs) mainly focuses on a market's most innovative consumers, such as early adopters and innovators [39]. A consumer who is facilitated to appropriate better will expect and find a better use of the technology. The degree of facilitation can be influenced by a person's character. Age and user mode were taken from the demographics as measurement variables for user character and its influence on facilitated appropriation. [PERSON] research and theory on the diffusion of innovations [40; 41] identified some personality traits that help us organize how people will accept a new innovation. Innovators (2.5% of total population), is the first category of individuals to adopt an innovation; early adopters (13.5%) is the second fastest category of individuals who adopt an innovation; early majority (34%) are individuals that will adopt an innovation after a varying degree of time. Late majority (34%) are individuals that will adopt an innovation after the average member of the society and laggards (16%) are the last to adopt an innovation. In the current study, consumers are categorized into two distinct categories. The first is \"Consumers first mode\" individuals (50%), where \"Innovators\" (2.5%), \"Early adopters\" (13.5%) and \"Early majority\" (34%) are included and the second is \"Carry-over effect mode\" individuals (50%), where \"Late majority\" (34%) and \"Laggards\" (16%) are included. Based on the above it is hypothesized that:  
**Hypothesis 12 (H12). **: _Consumers with higher user character mode rate will exhibit higher facilitated appropriation._  
The relationships are equivalent to twelve research hypotheses, formulated in Table 1. \"AT\" stands for attitude, \"BI\" for behavioral intention, \"PU\" for perceived usefulness, \"PEOU\" for perceived ease of use, \"FA\" for facilitated appropriation, \"T\" for trust, \"SI\" for social influence, \"CI\" for cognitive instrumentals, \"CR\" for cyber resilience and \"UC\" user character. Figure 1 illustrates the proposed IoTAM. The structural equation IoTAM incorporates dimensions belonging to various fields from the existing technology adoption literature. Endogenous and exogenous variables were adapted from already existing models, while others were originally inserted in our proposed model. Behavioral intention is the outcome, and it was used as it is the key component of TAM [4]. Perceived usefulness/perceived ease of use/attitude are three of the mediators and were adopted as being the core functions of TAM [4]. The dimension of facilitated appropriation, as the last mediator, was adopted from [PERSON] and [PERSON] [27; 28]. The behavioral belief (antecedent) of trust was taken from the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) [42], the construct of social influence (antecedent) was adopted from UTAUT and TAM2 [3], the construct of cognitive instrumentals (antecedent) was adopted from TAM2, the construct of cyber resilience (antecedent) is an original input in a technology acceptance model and the construct of user character (antecedent) is adapted from the research of [PERSON] in 2016 [15]. In total there are five antecedents, four mediators and the outcome. In Figure 1, the solid line arrows indicate direct relationships between the analyzed concepts. It is hypothesized that consumers with higher user character and lower cyber resilience will exhibit higher facilitated appropriation. In addition, higher levels of cognitive instrumentals will positively influence perceived usefulness. It is also assumed that higher levels of social influence and trust will either directly or indirectly, through perceived ease of use, positively affect consumers' perception of usefulness. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that facilitated appropriation and perceived ease of use will enhance consumers' perceived usefulness.