## 4 Results  
### Demographic Details  
Figure 3 indicates demographic details. Three essential groups were chosen for the questionnaire, contractors, consultants, and clients, with architects, surveyors, civil, electrical, mechanical engineers, and other subcategories of these professions/occupations. The percentage of replies based on work span was stated as follows: the maximum assessment response was 30.0% with 15 to 20 years of experience, while 25.4% had between 10 and 15 years of experience. A total of 12.1% of employees had fewer than five years of practice or experience. These findings indicate that respondents had the required expertise and expertise to review the BIM elements, creating a high degree of trust in their contribution and the validity of the findings. Figure 3 indicates that most participants (54.1%) were civil engineers, followed by quantity engineers (18.2%). Totals of 23%, 44.5%, and 15% of respondents had B.Sc. (bachelor's in sciences), MS (master's in sciences), and Ph.D. degrees, respectively.  
Due to the novelty of BIM in Malaysia, to access the required sub-population, stratified sampling was utilized [23]. This method was offered to assist the writers in gathering the most trustworthy and accurate data possible, given that this survey focuses on BIM. Respondents received BIM activities based on their information and expertise utilizing a 5-point Likert scale (5--strongly agree, 4--agree, 3--neutral, 2--disagree, 1--strongly disagree), which has been used in several prior BIM studies [54]. This gave participants various replies depending on their expertise with construction schemes. The study's purpose was to determine the sample size. For a standard distribution curve, an illustrative examination, such as the mean, mode, and median, would need more than thirty examples.  
Nonetheless, [PERSON] decided that a minimum sample size of 200 would ensure the validity of SEM [55]. It was claimed that a particular requirement of a model of the complex route should have a sample size of 200 or above, although [PERSON] and [PERSON] recommended that the sample size should be greater than 100, preferably more than 200 [56]. Because of the SEM methodology used in this study, 230 among 340 construction experts were contacted separately, and participation in the analysis of SEM was accepted. It is important to note that the size of the sample utilized for this research is larger than those used in the earlier BIM studies by [PERSON] et al. (231 respondents); [PERSON] et al. (2018) (330 respondents); and [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] et al. (sample size of 285) (13; 20).  
They constituted an estimated 68% response rate. For this kind of inquiry, this rate of return is considered adequate. Because of the customized strategy and the extended duration (160 days) given for gathering data, which began in the mid of May 2021, the response rate was very high. There were 217 valid responses (13 were deemed incomplete and discarded). It is essential to highlight that the degree of knowledge among Malaysian construction experts is more significant (60.8%) than in a previous survey (54%). This disparity may be attributable to their lower sample size (40 respondents) than the present survey's (217 respondents), which provides a high confidence level (57). It is more possible, particularly in sectors with a significant concentration of construction professionals, to gather the views of qualified practitioners from the general community.