## 2 Materials and Methods
### Case Study
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Cultivated Area (ha)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Mean (ha)**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **2015** & **2016** & **2017** & **2018** & **2019** & \\ \hline _Agrigento_ & & & & & & \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 17,519 & 17,449 & 17,358 & 17,898 & 18,557 & 17,756 \\ - & Horticultural greenhouses & 100.0 & 99.6 & 99.1 & 102.2 & 105.9 & \\ - & Horticultural greenhouses & 346 & 342 & 329 & 329 & 329 & 335 \\ - & Horticultural greenhouses & 100.0 & 98.9 & 95.1 & 95.0 & 95.1 & \\ \hline _Culanissetta_ & & & & & & \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 10,102 & 10,331 & 9978 & 9107 & 9019 & 9707 \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 100.0 & 102.3 & 98.8 & 90.2 & 89.3 & \\ - & Horticultural greenhouses & 830 & 830 & 829 & 829 & 829 & 829 \\ - & 100.0 & 100.0 & 99.9 & 99.9 & 99.9 & 99.9 & \\ \hline _Catania_ & & & & & & \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 3846 & 3847 & 3232 & 3847 & 3849 & 3724 \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 100.0 & 100.0 & 84.0 & 100.0 & 100.1 & \\ - & Horticultural greenhouses & 15 & 0.2 & 0.2 & 0.2 & 0.2 & 3 \\ - & 100.0 & 1.0 & 1.0 & 1.0 & 1.0 & \\ \hline _Ema_ & & & & & & \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 560 & 560 & 560 & 560 & 560 & 560 \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 100.0 & 100.0 & 100.0 & 100.0 & 100.0 & \\ - & 11 & 9.0 & 9.0 & 9.0 & 9.0 & 9 \\ - & 100.0 & 85.7 & 85.7 & 85.7 & 85.7 & \\ \hline _Messina_ & & & & & & \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 1243 & 1703 & 1706 & 1717 & 1781 & 1630 \\ - & Horticultural open field crops & 100.0 & 137.0 & 137.2 & 138.1 & 143.3 & \\ - & 55 & 0.9 & 0.9 & 0.9 & 0.9 & 12 \\ - & 100.0 & 1.6 & 1.6 & 1.6 & 1.6 & \\ _Palermo_ & & & & & & \\ - & 7185 & 7143 & 7663 & 7794 & 8015 & 7560 \\ - & 100.0 & 99.4 & 106.7 & 108.5 & 111.6 & \\ - & 61 & 58.3 & 58.3 & 57.8 & 58.9 & 59 \\ - & 100.0 & 96.3 & 96.3 & 95.5 & 97.4 & \\ \hline _Ragusa_ & & & & & & \\ - & 1835 & 1985 & 2095 & 2225 & 2170 & 2062 \\ - & 100.0 & 108.2 & 114.2 & 121.3 & 118.3 & \\ - & 4470 & 4380.0 & 3970.0 & 3960.0 & 3925.0 & 4141 \\ - & 100.0 & 98.0 & 88.8 & 88.6 & 87.8 & \\ \hline _Syracuse_ & & & & & & \\ - & 4943 & 5425 & 5453 & 5662 & 5802 & 5457 \\ - & 100.0 & 109.8 & 110.3 & 114.5 & 117.4 & \\ - & 1135 & 1124.0 & 1108.5 & 1093.0 & 1083.1 & 1109 \\ - & 100.0 & 99.0 & 97.7 & 96.3 & 95.4 & \\ \hline _Trapani_ & & & & & & \\ - & 2690 & 2315 & 2305 & 2195 & 1965 & 2294 \\ - & 100.0 & 86.1 & 85.7 & 81.6 & 73.0 & \\ - & 1104 & 1094.0 & 1094.0 & 1134.0 & 1114.0 & 1108 \\ - & 100.0 & 99.1 & 99.1 & 102.7 & 100.9 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Sicilian cultivated area for horticultural crops (ha) and trend of evolution (%). As regards greenhouse cultivation, the most common species are, in this order: Tomato, zucchini, bell pepper, eggplant and watermelon; whereas, for open field production, the most cultivated species are, in this order: Artichoke, tomato, melon, cauliflower and lettuce. In Table 2 the production obtained in these cultivated areas, detailed for each Sicilian province, is shown. The trend for the period from 2015 to 2019 and the average values, by providing the detail of greenhouse and field crops, were reported.