## 1 Introduction  
In the present scenario, a public address system (PAS) is an integral part of effective communication. It plays a crucial role in many places, especially where critical communication is needed for providing information to the mass gathering. It is used to amplify the voice of a human, pre-recorded/live audio, to effectively broadcast a message to a group of people at different places like railway stations, airports, schools, colleges, public events, military operations, and many more (some of the applications are listed in Figure 1). A PAS consists of several components; the major components are a microphone, mixer, amplifier, and speakers. These components are interconnected to each other in a mixed configuration to perform the intended task. Also, the overall performance of a PAS is  
Figure 1: Some applications of a PAS. the result of the cumulative performance of its different components, and a major/minor failure in a component will degrade the performance of it. PAS converts acoustic energy to electric energy. This process starts with a human voice, either pre-recorded or live. Input is given to the system through a microphone. The microphone converts sound energy into electrical energy. The mixer is the central unit of the PAS. It allows for adjusting the volume levels, tone (treble and bass), and other audio settings for connected input devices, such as microphones, music instruments, or audio sources. The audio amplifier takes weak electrical signals from the mixer and boosts them up to a level that can power the speaker. It increases the audio signal's amplitude to deliver sufficient power to the speakers to produce audible sound. Speakers are the output devices of the PAS. They convert the amplified electrical signals back into sound waves that can be heard by the audience. The systematic flow diagram of a PAS is shown in Figure 2.  
In the literature, sound research has been carried out for the performance analysis of different real-time systems, including communication systems [1], IOT-based systems [2; 3; 4; 5], as well as industrial systems [6; 7]. When someone is talking about the performance analysis of a system, she/he means how much the system is reliable, for how much time the system will be available, how the system's MTTF behaves with time, how the system reacts with the failure and repair of its various components, and many more. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] investigated a PAS under different failures through the redundancy operation method, which makes the PAS stable and cost-optimal during operation. [PERSON] et al. [9] conducted a survey in an international airport in the Philippines, which was oriented to evaluating the performance of a PAS in terms of audibility, intelligibility, and signal-to-noise ratios. The results reflect that only 42% of individuals are able to recall the latest announcement. Also, signal-to-noise ratios of 8.58 dBA as opposed to the recommended minimum of 10 dBA were found. The speech transmission index for the PAS was calculated for SNRA in the range of 5 db to 15 db [10]. [PERSON] [11] presented a study in which the effects of distortion of an amplifier on speech transition through PAS were discussed. [PERSON] et al. [12] investigated a wireless sensor network (WSN) by considering its different components and their interconnection in the system. A mathematical model has been developed by using different failures and repairs of the WSN to find the various reliability measures for the same. [PERSON] et al. [13] explained the concept of system reliability in Markov and semi-Markov modeling. [PERSON] et al. [14] presented an integrated AHP-RSM-PHM approach to calculate reliability indices of cutting tools used in a production plant. The author also optimized the number of cutting tools for a machine. [PERSON] et al. [15] presented a reliability modeling method for man-machine systems by using event trees and fault trees with probable common cause failure. The proposed approach is also validated.