# A Rule-Based System for Human Performance Evaluation: A Case Study
## 2 Literature Review on Expert System Application
The ES was developed using the Java language and Apache NetBeans platform and included two modules, designed FMEA (DFMEA) as the main module and component FMEA. The research resulted in intelligent ES that provides the operator to carry out a quality control system and to make decisions easily. However, the disadvantage is the impossibility of performing self-updates regarding new data in the knowledge base. The paper [7], by using the example of flood forecasting, determined that developing an ES for a particular purpose is more efficient than generating a procedural code. By applying the backward chaining method, the authors concluded that in the case of flood forecasting characterized by setting objectives by the flood manager, this method is more efficient than the forward chaining method. Authors in [22] developed a rule-based M-DCOca ES that provided diagnostic of infected cocoa plants. In that case, the symptoms of the disease presented the set of known facts. Thus, the use of the forward chaining method is logically imposed. Moreover, research in [23] proposed rule-based ES for detecting a warning of coffee disease. The system achieved an accuracy of 66.67% by using a forward chaining method. The authors indicated that the proposed system is the first ES that uses not only expert knowledge but also technical reports for designing rules in the coffee rust problem. Performance evaluation is a very important process for every organization's success. Human performance evaluation is a more complex problem. Although there is a large number of methods for assessing the performance of individuals during their work, they are mostly observed from the context of human resource management with a certain amount of subjectivity in human judgments. The 360-degree method is one of the most well-known methods, and the authors in [24] combined it with the application of an ES based on fuzzy logic. Although it is an excellent method for assessing employee performance, the ES developed in MATLAB software interface has only provided results in the form of employee performance levels. One of the few studies regarding ES implementation within employee performance evaluation is shown in [25] on public university employee evaluation examples. The authors emphasize that there are so far only a few developed systems that provide just partial evaluations. The authors in [26] designed fuzzy ES for teachers' performance evaluation. In most organizations, human performance is based on qualitative facts, which are difficult to measure. Therefore, the linguistic terms were numerically weighted. However, both papers do not provide the ES application results and their impact on the performance results. The paper [27] presents a belief rule-based ES (BRBES) for student performance prediction. A belief rule base (BRB) provides a novel approach that increases the accuracy of prediction by capturing uncertain data. The same technique is shown in [28]. The authors implemented BRBES in the e-government of Bangladesh. The system as well provides more accurate and reliable results. The paper [1] proposed the use of software technologies and mathematical and statistical methods for assessing and analyzing competencies in human resource information systems. Regarding their easy application in processes and contribution to human resource information systems, some papers implement ES in order to solve personnel selection problems [4]. Authors in [29] emphasize the ES advantage to support complex managerial decision-making and provide competitive advantages for organizations. They also indicate that the most appropriate domains to successfully build ES include planning, job analysis, recruitment, selection, performance evaluation, compensation, training, and labor-management relations. The application of ES in a personnel selection process is shown in [30]. In order to develop rule-based ES called BOARDEX, the PROLOG computer language was used. The goal was to educate and train officers in US Army Command and General Staff College.