## 5 Results
### Bridge Navigation Items Related to Required Information for SA (Q1 in Table 2)  
Table 3 shows the results of the case study on the bridge navigation items that OOWs use for acquiring SA under the condition described in Section 4.2. This table was simultaneously discussed with the matter in Section 5.2 in the mini focus group. Since there was no additional comment on the provided draft during the interview, the experts confirmed the list two times in the group, before discussing G2 (Section 5.3) and at the final stage of the study, and finally agreed on it. Linkage between Bridge Navigation Items and Required Information for Level 1 SA (G1 in Section 4.1 and Q2 in Table 2)  
The required information utilised in this case study is partly rearranged from the study by [PERSON] et al. [20]. Based on the results of the interview, the experts discussed in the mini focus group how the bridge navigation items in Table 3 are utilised for acquiring each required information for Level 1 SA, provided the linkage sheet, and agreed on it. Table 4 sums up the results. The items were limited to the ones that OOWs actively use for acquiring the required information for Level 1 SA (perception) 'at this moment' under the assumed condition in Section 4.2 because the results would diverge depending on the time duration for perception and situation. ECDIS supplies a wide range of information resources  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c l} \hline \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Question 1} & \(\checkmark\)What are bridge navigation items related to ship sense and required information for SA under the assumed condition in Section 4.2? \\  & (\(\blacktriangle\)) _Participants were shown the draft list that the seafner, who meets the five criteria in Section 4.4 but did not participate in the interview and discussion due to his voyage, prepared based on ICS’s Bridge Resource Procedure_[22], _then answered additional items_. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Question 2} & \(\checkmark\)What bridge navigation items are necessary for acquiring the required information for Level 1 SA? Please answer the items that you actively use for acquiring each required information for perception (Level 1 SA) at that moment under the assumed condition in Section 4.2. \\  & (\(\blacktriangle\)) _Participants were shown the draft list that the seafner same as Q1 prepared, then answered additional items with their causes_. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(related to G1 in Section 4.1)} & \(\checkmark\)What kinds of ship sense are necessary for acquiring required information for each SA? \\  & (Q3) & Please answer the ship sense that you actively use for acquiring each required information at that moment under the assumed condition in Section 4.2. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Question 4} & \(\checkmark\)To what extent does ship sense of RO have a shortage compared with OOW onboard a ship in case that there are constraints on the transmission of information between the bridge and RCC that are shown in Section 4.2.3 (i.e., visual information on screen and sound inside/outside the bridge (e.g., alarm from other ship) are restricted.)? If possible, please rate the extent as your preferred way. \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(related to G4 in Section 4.1)} & \(\checkmark\)To what extent does the lack of ship sense affect the required information for each SA of RO? \\  & (Q5) & If possible, please rate the extent as your preferred way. \\ \cline{1-1}  & (Q6) & \(\checkmark\)What is the additional competence necessary for RO to compensate the lack of ship sense and keep the quality of SA? \\ \cline{1-1}  & (Q7) & \(\checkmark\)How should Regulation II/1 and Table A-II/1 in the STCW Convention be modified based on the additional competence in Q6? \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-2}  
(e.g., position, speed, target location). AIS information displayed in ECDIS and ARPA is also utilised to acquire many items of required information. On the other hand, there are a few types of bridge navigation items that supply specific information resources.