# Special Issue Cognitive Buildings
## 4 Building Information Modeling and Energy Simulation for Architecture Design  
[PERSON] et al. [3] deal with Building Information Modeling (BIM) that, over the years, has undergone a significant increase, both in terms of functions and use. This tool can almost completely manage the entire process of the design, construction, and management of a building internally. However, it is not able to fully integrate the functions and especially the information needed to conduct a complex energy analysis. Indeed, even if the energy analysis has been integrated into the BIM environment, it still fails to make the most of all of the potential offered by building information modeling. The main goals of this study are the analysis of the interaction between BIM and energy simulation through a review of the main existing commercial tools (available and user-friendly), and the identification and application of a methodology in a BIM environment by using Graphisoft's BIM software Archicad and the plug-in for dynamic energy simulation EcoDesigner STAR. The application on a case study gave the possibility to explore the advantages and the limits of these commercial tools and, consequently, to provide some possible improvements. The results of the analysis, satisfactory from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, validated the methodology proposed in this study and highlighted some limitations of the tools used; in particular, for the aspects concerning the personalization of heating systems. Building Information Modeling and Internet of Things Integration for Facility Management--Literature Review and Future Needs  
[PERSON] et al. [4] show how the digitization of the built environment is seen as a significant factor for innovation in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation sector. However, a lack of data and information in as-built digital models considerably limits the potential of building information modeling in facility management. Therefore, the optimization of data collection and management is needed, all the more so now that Industry 4.0 has widened the use of sensors into buildings and infrastructures. A literature review on the two main pillars of digitalization in construction, building information modeling and Internet of things, is presented, along with a bibliographic analysis of two citations and abstracts databases focusing on the operations stage. The bibliographic research has been carried out using Web of Science and Scopus databases. The article is aimed at providing a detailed analysis of BIM-IoT integration for Facility Management (FM) process improvements. Issues, opportunities, and areas where further research efforts are required are outlined. Finally, four key areas of further research development in FM management have been proposed, focusing on optimizing data collection and management. Towards an Occupancy-Oriented Digital Twin for Facility Management: Test Campaign and Sensors Assessment  
[PERSON] et al. [5] focus on calibration and test campaigns of an IoT camera-based sensor system to monitor occupancy as part of an ongoing research project aiming at defining a Building Management System (BMS) for facility management based on an occupancy-oriented Digital Twin (DT). The research project aims to facilitate the optimization of the building operational stage through advanced monitoring techniques and data analytics. The quality of the collected data, which are the input for analyses and simulations on the DT virtual entity, is critical in order to ensure the quality of the results. Therefore, calibration and test campaigns are essential to ensure the data quality and efficiency of the IoT sensor system. The paper describes the general methodology for the BMS definition, and the method and results of the first stages of the research. The preliminary analyses includes Indicative Post-Occupancy Evaluations (POEs) supported by Building Information Modeling (BIM) to optimize sensor system planning.