# BIM-GIS-Based Approach for Quality Management Aligned with ISO 9001
## 3 Literature Review
### GIS for Quality Management  
GIS technologies have been widely employed in construction quality management, particularly in monitoring materials and processes, surveying ground conditions, and generating field reports. [PERSON] et al. [24] highlighted the potential of GIS to streamline material supply chains by reducing errors, time, and costs. Similarly, [PERSON] [69] explored GIS applications during pre-construction, including regulatory compliance, terrain modeling, and 4D visualization for planning and resource management. Several studies have proposed GIS-based quality management frameworks centered on construction monitoring. For example, [PERSON] et al. [70] and [PERSON] et al. [71] developed systems that used CAD files, QGIS, and project documentation to generate georeferenced 4D models for real-time monitoring, reporting, and quality evaluation. These approaches emphasized integration with scheduling tools and database-driven performance analysis. In parallel, other research efforts have focused on integrating GIS with BIM for quality management in infrastructure and prefabrication projects. [PERSON] et al. [28] presented a framework combining Revit, Navisworks, Infrawworks, and ArcGIS for real-time quality evaluation in pavement construction, while [PERSON] et al. [4] examined the spatial distribution of the carbon footprint in prefabricated concrete panel activities using GIS and CAD-integrated BIM models. These studies reveal that GIS tools for quality management often rely on combined CAD, spreadsheets, and BIM-linked formats. This interoperability is crucial when selecting GIS software for construction quality tasks. The GIS software tools compared in Table 2 were identified by reviewing studies focusing on their use in quality control, data collection, and integration with other digital platforms in construction projects. The characterization focused on functional capabilities relevant to fieldwork, system compatibility, and cloud integration for on-site quality management. Integrating automated monitoring functionalities within GIS applications, such as digital tracking of construction materials and processes, establishes a foundation for more efficient and responsive workflows. These capabilities contribute to the development of CPS in the construction industry, supporting real-time supervision, enhancing traceability, and reducing reliance on manual oversight. This aligns with Smart Industry objectives, where interoperable systems foster improved quality control and informed decision-making [72]. As shown in Table 2, the GIS tools most frequently used in the literature vary widely regarding licensing model, platform compatibility, and support for mobile applications and cloud-based data storage. While proprietary solutions such as ArcGIS offer advanced integration capabilities, open-source alternatives like QGIS stand out for their flexibility, extensibility, and compatibility with mobile tools such as QField. These characteristics are particularly relevant in construction scenarios that require georeferenced field data collection and seamless integration with BIM environments. The comparative analysis in Table 2 guided the selection of GIS tools in the proposed methodology, prioritizing those that enable real-time inspection workflows and digital quality documentation. Despite the growing use of GIS in construction quality management, most implementations are limited to supporting isolated tasks such as reporting or monitoring, without full integration into centralized quality systems or connection with BIM models. Furthermore, aligning GIS-based quality processes with international standards such as ISO 9001:2015 remains largely unexplored. A similar limitation is observed in several BIM-based studies reviewed in Section 3.3, many of which focus on model coordination or defect tracking, but do not implement structured, standard-compliant inspection workflows.