## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & **Caffeine** & **Taurine** & **Caffeine + Taurine** & **Control** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Heart Rate (bpm)} & Pre & 79.50 \(\pm\) 2.11 & 82.62 \(\pm\) 3.09 & 82.07 \(\pm\) 2.81 & 77.75 \(\pm\) 2.34 \\  & 30 min & 80.86 \(\pm\) 2.20 & 82.36 \(\pm\) 3.21 & 85.93 \(\pm\) 2.33 & 77.24 \(\pm\) 2.51 \\  & 60 min & 89.57 \(\pm\) 2.06 & 82.64 \(\pm\) 3.17 & 87.43 \(\pm\) 2.12 & 78.49 \(\pm\) 3.01 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.013 & 0.401 & 0.474 & 0.315 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)} & Pre & 111.43 \(\pm\) 3.13 & 111.00 \(\pm\) 3.36 & 111.62 \(\pm\) 2.70 & 110.92 \(\pm\) 2.22 \\  & 30 min & 112.50 \(\pm\) 3.42 & 112.21 \(\pm\) 3.11 & 114.21 \(\pm\) 3.33 & 111.62 \(\pm\) 3.64 \\  & 60 min & 119.43 \(\pm\) 2.97 & 111.08 \(\pm\) 4.22 & 116.29 \(\pm\) 3.09 & 110.38 \(\pm\) 3.99 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.019 & 0.253 & 0.621 & 0.778 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)} & Pre & 76.29 \(\pm\) 2.01 & 75.71 \(\pm\) 2.50 & 75.93 \(\pm\) 2.94 & 75.23 \(\pm\) 2.66 \\  & 30 min & 75.29 \(\pm\) 1.63 & 75.86 \(\pm\) 2.12 & 76.07 \(\pm\) 1.77 & 75.15 \(\pm\) 2.42 \\  & 60 min & 76.20 \(\pm\) 2.09 & 76.14 \(\pm\) 1.29 & 76.36 \(\pm\) 2.31 & 74.36 \(\pm\) 3.14 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.151 & 0.636 & 0.119 & 0.294 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{SDNN (ms)} & Pre & 52.323 \(\pm\) 10.125 & 53.469 \(\pm\) 9.336 & 53.254 \(\pm\) 10.512 & 52.585 \(\pm\) 9.801 \\  & 30 min & 48.723 \(\pm\) 7.197 & 53.979 \(\pm\) 7.461 & 49.471 \(\pm\) 5.755 & 51.754 \(\pm\) 8.266 \\  & 60 min & 42.900 \(\pm\) 6.874 & 53.571 \(\pm\) 5.914 & 44.971 \(\pm\) 5.911 & 52.823 \(\pm\) 8.348 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.764 & 0.823 & 0.791 & 0.193 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{RMSSD (ms)} & Pre & 55.438 \(\pm\) 10.215 & 57.095 \(\pm\) 12.361 & 56.486 \(\pm\) 14.399 & 56.592 \(\pm\) 15.804 \\  & 30 min & 67.493 \(\pm\) 13.966 & 58.940 \(\pm\) 8.643 & 60.332 \(\pm\) 15.121 & 56.946 \(\pm\) 10.988 \\  & 60 min & 73.836 \(\pm\) 16.821 & 58.377 \(\pm\) 10.393 & 63.407 \(\pm\) 11.302 & 56.908 \(\pm\) 9.622 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.392 & 0.496 & 0.163 & 0.512 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{NN50 (beat)} & Pre & 8.781 \(\pm\) 2.326 & 8.819 \(\pm\) 2.194 & 8.429 \(\pm\) 2.061 & 8.507 \(\pm\) 2.094 \\  & 30 min & 10.643 \(\pm\) 2.115 & 9.692 \(\pm\) 1.116 & 9.643 \(\pm\) 1.169 & 8.577 \(\pm\) 1.288 \\  & 60 min & 13.000 \(\pm\) 2.734 & 9.615 \(\pm\) 2.730 & 11.923 \(\pm\) 1.334 & 8.231 \(\pm\) 1.966 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.460 & 0.911 & 0.137 & 0.714 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{LF (Hz)} & Pre & 545.071 \(\pm\) 161.337 & 548.286 \(\pm\) 87.667 & 541.143 \(\pm\) 126.995 & 543.308 \(\pm\) 117.241 \\  & 30 min & 496.357 \(\pm\) 129.724 & 547.357 \(\pm\) 62.308 & 516.214 \(\pm\) 114.364 & 541.769 \(\pm\) 83.774 \\  & 60 min & 482.426 \(\pm\) 174.611 & 544.429 \(\pm\) 57.328 & 503.286 \(\pm\) 110.522 & 548.769 \(\pm\) 92.601 \\  & \(p\)-value & 0.518 & 0.334 & 0.816 & 0.433 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HF (Hz)} & Pre & 695.857 \(\pm\) 162.664 & 704.846 \(\pm\) 171.911 & 695.750 \(\pm\) 234.552 & 696.154 \(\pm\) 183.732 \\  & 30 min & 725.000 \(\pm\) 209.768 & 703.077 \(\pm\) 224.413 & 716.857 \(\pm\) 211.783 & 698.846 \(\pm\) 196.912 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 60 min & 776.923 \(\pm\) 200.301 & 713.000 \(\pm\) 200.184 & 749.231 \(\pm\) 241.219 & 698.538 \(\pm\) 201.744 \\ \cline{1-1}  & \(p\)-value & 0.381 & 0.347 & 0.607 & 0.115 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{LF/HF} & Pre & 0.783 \(\pm\) 0.115 & 0.777 \(\pm\) 0.677 & 0.778 \(\pm\) 0.971 & 0.780 \(\pm\) 0.384 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 30 min & 0.685 \(\pm\) 0.264 & 0.779 \(\pm\) 0.236 & 0.720 \(\pm\) 0.116 & 0.775 \(\pm\) 0.994 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 60 min & 0.621 \(\pm\) 0.820 & 0.764 \(\pm\) 0.591 & 0.672 \(\pm\) 0.534 & 0.786 \(\pm\) 0.163 \\ \cline{1-1}  & \(p\)-value & 0.633 & 0.396 & 0.674 & 0.116 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Hemodynamic and linear heart rate variability parameters of the groups. \(p\)-value refers to the differences between the groups’ pre and 60 th min values.