# Emerging Topics in Joint Radio-Based Positioning, Sensing, and Communications
## 5 Conclusions
Within the broader JPSAC terminology, the terms ISAC and radio SLAM are the most frequent, yet, at the time of writing this editorial, there is no universally adopted terminology in this research area, and many similar terms, such as JCAS, JSAC, DFRC, RCC, etc., are also widely used. The main purpose of JPSAC-related research is to ensure optimal use of the available radio resources, such as the bandwidth, power, or carrier frequencies. Our editorial summarized nine of the existing comprehensive surveys in JPSAC-related areas (see Table 2) and provided a top-level overview of the typical research areas and typical KPIs under the JPSAC umbrella. At its core, this editorial focused on emphasizing 11 research directions in JPSAC-related areas and pointing out several open research questions and research challenges in this field. A brief overview of the European landscape of ongoing research projects funded by the Europe Horizon program was also provided, in order to show that these projects also coincide with the emerging topics in JPSAC areas. JPSAC-related research is at the forefront of 6G technology development, enabling high-precision sensing and communication and complete coverage of the positioning, sensing, and communications solutions, which are essential for advanced applications such as autonomous vehicles, smart cities, or industrial automation. Advancing the research in these JPSAC-related areas contributes to the broader scientific understanding of wireless communication and sensing, as it helps to address fundamental challenges and pushes the boundaries of what is possible with current technology. Some of the expected benefits to society at large, to be obtained by integrating radio-based positioning, communication, and sensing tasks in future wireless receivers, are enhanced energy and spectral efficiency; better resource utilization, leading to the more efficient use of the radio spectrum and hardware resources; improved safety and security, such as Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in vehicles, intrusion detection, and environmental monitoring; enabling innovative applications, such as smart cities, where sensors monitor traffic, air quality, and energy usage; e-health applications, where integrated solutions can offer remote patient monitoring and fall detection; increased economic growth by creating new business opportunities and markets; and, in general, contributing to a more connected, efficient, and safer society. This work has been supported by the LEDSOL project funded within the LEAP-RE programme by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement 963530 and the Research Council of Finland grant 352364. This work has also been partially supported by the MiFuture project under the HORIZON-MSCA-2022-DN-01 call (Grant number: 101119643). The author would also like to thank all the supervisors in MiFuture project, for fruitful discussions and exchange of ideas in the realms of ISAC and umMIMO, to the Tampere University colleagues working in the fields of radio SLAM and ML for wireless receivers, as well as to collaborators from EFREI Research lab and Lebanese University for excellent discussions and email exchanges related to optimization challenges at the physical-layer level in ISAC/JSAC and to the design of novel ISAC/JSAC transceiver architectures. The author declares no conflicts of interest.