# A Predictive Model on the Intention to Accept Taekwondo Electronic Protection Devices
## 4 Results  
### Validity and Reliability of Research Tools  
This study conducted confirmatory factor analysis to verify the convergent and discriminant validity of the survey. The validity of the measurement model is shown in Table 2.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Measurement Items**} & **Estimate** & **SE** & **C.R** & **CR** & **AVE** & \(\mathbf{\alpha}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Perceived quality} & TEPDs are reliable. & 0.776 & 0.067 & 12.529 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.842} & \multirow{4}{*}{0.641} & \multirow{4}{*}{0.848} \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPD manufacturing skill levels are high. & 0.672 & 0.057 & 15.431 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & The quality of TEPDs is excellent. & 0.748 & - & - & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Visual attractiveness} & The exterior design of TEPDs is excellent. & 0.728 & 0.079 & 11.511 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & The overall look of TEPDs is visually attractive. & 0.906 & 0.081 & 14.248 & 0.887 & 0.729 & 0.854 \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs give a visually sophisticated feel. & 0.813 & - & - & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Wearability} & TEPDs can be worn for long periods of time. & 0.802 & 0.090 & 12.178 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are not restricted in their movement. & 0.905 & 0.091 & 13.307 & 0.850 & 0.655 & 0.863 \\ \cline{2-4}  & There is no inconvenience in wearing TEPDs. & 0.770 & - & - & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Functionality} & TEPDs have various functions. & 0.776 & 0.103 & 10.138 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are easily mixed with other devices. & 0.672 & 0.115 & 8.995 & 0.837 & 0.632 & 0.775 \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs provide a variety of information. & 0.748 & - & - & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Perceived ease of use} & The function of the TEPD is convenient. & 0.786 & 0.106 & 10.967 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Adaptation of the TEPD is easy. & 0.740 & 0.112 & 10.350 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are easy to use. & 0.754 & 0.107 & 10.535 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPD functioning is easy to understand. & 0.733 & - & - & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Perceived usefulness} & TEPDs are useful for practice. & 0.768 & 0.074 & 13.098 & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are useful for games. & 0.831 & 0.072 & 14.718 & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are useful for improving performance. & 0.825 & 0.074 & 14.552 & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & TEPDs are generally useful. & 0.841 & - & - & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Validity and reliability of research tools.  
Table 2 shows that the results--comparative fit index (CFI) \(>\) 0.90, incremental fit index (IFI) \(>\) 0.90, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) \(>\) 0.90, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) \(<\) 0.10--meet the validity standard suggested by [PERSON] [33], which indicates that they can be generally accepted. To analyze the convergent validity of each variable used during the study, construct reliability (CR) and the average variance extracted (AVE) were calculated. The results ensured convergent probability based on the criteria presented by [PERSON] et al. [34], as the CR for all observed variables was between 0.837 and 0.908, while the AVE was between 0.622 and 0.729. In addition, if the squared value of the correlation coefficient between the construct conceptions is higher than the AVE of the related concept in the verification of the validity of each concept, the AVE of all factors is greater, and is thereby judged to have secured valid judgment among the concepts [35]. Finally, the reliability of the research tools was tested by referring to the Cronbach's \(\alpha\) values: perceived quality (0.848), visual attractiveness (0.854), wearability (0.863), functionality (0.775), PEU (0.842), PU (0.888), and acceptance intention (0.879), thereby ensuring overall confidence [36].