# Underground Disposal of Coal Gauge Backfill in China
## 5 Problems and Proposed Solutions
### Problems
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Coal Mine**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Province**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Applied**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Backfilling**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Disposal Capacity**} \\  & & & & & & **of Coal** \\  & & & & & **Materials** & **Gange/(ton** \\  & & & & & **thousand t** \(\cdot\)**a**\({}^{-1}\)) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{1} & \multirow{2}{*}{Xingdong Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Hebei} & \multirow{2}{*}{Roadway throwing} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Gange generated} \\  & & & & & during roadway & \\  & & & & & excavation (GRE) & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{2} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taiyuan Dongshan Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shanxi} & \multirow{2}{*}{backfilling} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Gange from the} & \multirow{2}{*}{15} \\  & & & & waste heap (GWH) & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{3} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shengquan Mining Company} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shandong} & \multirow{2}{*}{Conventional} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GRE, GWH} & \multirow{2}{*}{10} \\  & & & & mechanized mining & GRE & 21.6 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{4} & \multirow{2}{*}{E’zhuang Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shandong} & \multirow{2}{*}{with mechanical} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GRE} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} \\  & & & & & GRE & 30 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{5} & \multirow{2}{*}{Yangzhuang Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Anhui} & \multirow{2}{*}{backfilling} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GRE} & \multirow{2}{*}{30} \\  & & & & GRE, GWH & 50 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{7} & \multirow{2}{*}{Huayuan Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shandong} & \multirow{2}{*}{GWH, fly ash (FA)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{50} \\  & & & & & GWH, fly ash (FA) & 50 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{9} & \multirow{2}{*}{Xinjulong Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shandong} & \multirow{2}{*}{backfilling technology} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Gange from} \\  & & & & & underground \\ \multirow{2}{*}{10} & \multirow{2}{*}{Tangshan Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Hebei} & \multirow{2}{*}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{washing and} \\  & & & & dressing (GWD) & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{11} & \multirow{2}{*}{Wugou Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Anhui} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GRE, GWH, GWD} & \multirow{2}{*}{60} \\  & & & & GWH, FA & 70 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{12} & \multirow{2}{*}{Taiyuan Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Inner} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GWH, FA} & \multirow{2}{*}{90} \\  & & & & GWH, FA & 45.5 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{13} & \multirow{2}{*}{Xingtai Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Hebei} & \multirow{2}{*}{} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{GRE} & \multirow{2}{*}{40} \\  & & & & Mixed workforce using a & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{14} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shi’er Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Henan} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{gangue backfilling and} & \multirow{2}{*}{GWH, GWD} & \multirow{2}{*}{150} \\  & & & & caving method & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{16} & \multirow{2}{*}{Gongge Yingzi Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Inner} & \multirow{2}{*}{Longwall-roadway} & \multirow{2}{*}{GWH, FA} & \multirow{2}{*}{45} \\  & & & Mongolia & cemented backfilling & \\ \multirow{2}{*}{17} & \multirow{2}{*}{Xiaotun Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Hebei} & \multirow{2}{*}{GWH, FA} & \multirow{2}{*}{21} \\  & & & & GWH, FA & 21 \\ \multirow{2}{*}{18} & \multirow{2}{*}{Daizhuang Coal Mine} & \multirow{2}{*}{Shandong} & \multirow{2}{*}{Paste backfilling} & \multirow{2}{*}{GWH, FA} & \multirow{2}{*}{23.2} \\  & & & & GWH, FA & 26.9 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The application of the gangue backfilling technologies in some coal mines of China.