## 4 Results and Discussion
### Phase 6--Development of Geographical Maps of Economic Benefits
#### 4.6.2 Isoprofit Maps
The isoprofit maps have been implemented at the macro-area level into which the Italian territory is commonly divided--North-Western Italy (regions of Valle d'Aosta, Liguria, Lombardia, and Piemonte), North-Eastern Italy (regions of Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, and Emilia Romagna), Central Italy (regions of Toscana, Umbria, Marche, and Lazio), Southern Italy (regions of Abruzzo, Molise, Campania, Puglia, Basilicata, and Calabria) and Islands (regions of Sicilia and Sardegna). Figure 4: Isoprofit maps developed for the North-Eastern Italy and North-Western Italy macro-areas. Table 3 reports for each macro-area the minimum and maximum positive value, i.e., the situations for which public funds are necessary, of the break-even incentive capable of guaranteeing the private investor a profit margin equal to 15% on the initial investment costs. Furthermore, with reference to the investigation aimed at defining the percentage threshold capable of ensuring the condition of minimum convenience of the operation for an investor, a sensitivity analysis of the profit margin of a generic entrepreneur interested in this type of investment has been developed. In this sense, a fluctuation of the percentage of private profit margin within a range of variation [\(-\)5%; +5%] has been carried out, in order to verify the minimum break-even incentive able to ensure the financial feasibility of the initiative. By considering profit margins of +10%, +12%, +15%, +17%, and +20%, the sensitivity analysis performed for the different profit percentages has produced interesting considerations related to the private feasibility of the investment. First of all, by considering a profit margin of +10%, the results have attested to a convenient situation in the central area of 59 provincial capitals (54% of the total number), in the semi-central area of 34 provincial capitals (31% of the total number), and in the peripheral area of 15 provincial capitals (14% of the total). With reference to a profit margin of +12%, the results have pointed out a convenient situation in the central area of fifty-two provincial capitals (47% of the total number), in the semi-central area of twenty-six provincial capitals (24% of the total number), and in the peripheral area of eleven provincial capitals (10% of the total). By taking into account a profit margin equal to +17%, the results have verified a convenient situation in the central area of 38 provincial capitals (35% of the total number), in the semi-central area of 17 provincial capitals (15% of the total number), and in the peripheral area of seven provincial capitals (6% of the total). By analyzing a profit margin of +20%, the results have demonstrated a profitable situation in the central area of 34 provincial capitals (31% of the total number), in the semi-central area of nine provincial capitals (8% of the total number), and in the peripheral area of five provincial capitals (4% of the total). In brief, the results obtained can be summarized as explained below: (i) for a profit margin of 10%, for 45% of the energy retrofit interventions carried out in the central areas of the Italian provincial capitals, for 69% of the projects in the semi-central areas, and for 85% of the investments in the peripheral areas, the need for a fiscal incentive less