## 2 Materials and Methods  
In the years 2014-2016, eight innovative fertilisers from recyclable materials were tested, with these being composed of ash from the incineration of sewage sludge biomass from wastewater treatment (SSA), poultry bones and dried animal blood. Six of them were biologically activated by PSM of the _Bacillus megaterium_ or _Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans_ strains. The SSA originated from the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant 'Lyna' in Olsztyn (Poland), and bones and dried blood originated from the meat industry. The microbe strains were obtained from the Polish Collection of Microorganisms at the Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Wroclaw (Poland). Fertilisers were in the form of a suspension or granules. Table 1 presents the general characteristics of the new products. The production process was described in separate articles [33; 34]. Five field experiments with winter or spring common wheat (Table 2) were conducted, in which new products were confronted with conventional fertilisers: superphosphate Fosdar 40 (SP, 17.6% mass P) and/or phosphorite Syria (PR, 12.2-12.9% mass P). In experiment I, an ash-water solution (A + H\({}_{2}\)O, 0.176% mass P) was also included. In experiment I, P-fertilisers were applied at a P dose of 21 kg/ha, and in experiments II-V, three different P levels were established: 17.6, 26.4 and 35.2 kg/ha. Suspension fertilisers were applied by large-drop sprinkling of the soil and solid fertilisers were manually scattered on the soil surface. The fertilisers were mixed with the soil by narrowing. In experiment I, the plants were not protected against weeds or pests (-PP), in experiment II, two variants of plant protection were adopted: without the protection (-PP) and with full protection (+PP) and in experiments III-V, full protection (+PP) was applied. Full protection (+PP) means the application of herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and growth regulators. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Fertiliser Symbol** & **Raw Material** & **Bacteria** & **Form** & **Phosphorus (P)** \\  & & & & **(\% mass)** \\ \hline A\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & sewage sludge ash (SSA) & _Bacillus megaterium_ & suspension & 0.176 \\ B\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & bones & _Bacillus megaterium_ & suspension & 0.259 \\ A\({}_{8}\)_Af_ & SSA & _Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans_ & granules & 9.24 \\ AB\({}_{8}\)_Af_ & SSA + bones & _Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans_ & granules & 7.50 \\ AB\({}_{8}\)_B_ & SSA + bones & _-_ & granules & 6.10 \\ AB\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & SSA + bones & _Bacillus megaterium_ & granules & 5.87 \\ A\({}_{8}\)_B_ & SSA + blood & _-_ & granules & 8.68 \\ AH\({}_{8}\)_B_m_ & SSA + blood & _Bacillus megaterium_ & granules & 9.55 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Recycled fertilisers tested in the experiments. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Experiment** & **Year** & **Test Plant** & **Recycled Fertilisers** & **To Comparison** \\ \hline I & 2014 & spring wheat & A\({}_{8}\)_Bm_, B\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & no phosphorus (P), superphosphate (SP), phosphorite Syria (PR), \\ II & 2015 & spring wheat & A\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & ash-water solution (A + H\({}_{2}\)O) \\ III & 2015 & winter wheat & A\({}_{8}\)_Af_, AB\({}_{8}\)_Af_ & no P, SP \\ IV & 2016 & winter wheat & AB\({}_{8}\)_B_, AB\({}_{8}\)_Bm_ & no P, SP \\ V & 2016 & spring wheat & AH\({}_{8}\), AH\({}_{8}\)_B_m_ & no P, SP \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Field experiments conducted. Each year, wheat was grown in soil that met the requirements of the species (Table 3). The basic agrotechnical data for the experiments are presented in Table 4. Precipitation and thermal conditions in the growing seasons differed from those typical of the region and were not favourable for the grown plants (Table 5). In experiments I-III, the growing seasons for spring and winter wheat were very dry, while in experiment IV and V winter and spring wheat developed under rather wet weather conditions.