## 3 Test Schemes  
A reasonable setting time ensures sufficient working time during construction while allowing the slurry to set and cure quickly after grouting. Good flowability enables the slurry to uniformly diffuse and effectively fill the complex cracks in the rock slope. A low bleeding rate maintains the slurry's volume stability and homogeneity during solidification, preventing internal pores and strength loss from water dissipation. When the compressive strength of the slurry closely matches that of the silty mudstone, stress concentration is minimized, reducing the risk of secondary cracking. Therefore, grouting materials with \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Materials** & **SO\({}_{2}\)/\%** & **CaO\(\%\)** & **Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\)/\%** & **MgO\(\%\)** & **SO\({}_{3}\)/\%** & **Other\(\%\)** \\ \hline GGBFS powder & 32.96 & 39.39 & 14.04 & 10.96 & 1.9 & 0.75 \\ Zeolite powder & 73.35 & 4.23 & 12.45 & 0.84 & - & 9.13 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Chemical composition of base materials. Figure 2: XRD of base materials: (a) GGBFS powder; (b) zeolite powder. appropriate compressive strength, good flowability, low bleeding rate, and reasonable setting time are crucial for effective slope reinforcement and long-term stability [23; 24]. To determine the optimal mix ratio, preliminary tests on setting time and compressive strength were conducted on specimens with various mix ratios. The results of these preliminary tests indicated the following ranges for further optimization: 0% to 50% zeolite powder, 50% to 100% GGBFS, 1% to 5% CL, 1% to 9% NaOH, and 0.4 to 0.8 of the water-binder ratios. In the formal experiment, the influence of the zeolite powder-to-GGBFS ratio on grout performance was initially evaluated at 2% CL, 7% NaOH, and a 0.6 water-binder ratio. Subsequently, the dosages of CL and NaOH, as well as the water-binder ratio, were varied, respectively, while maintaining the optimal zeolite powder-to-GGBFS ratio. A total of 18 mix ratio schemes were designed for the formal experiment, as shown in Table 2.  
Although there is no well-developed and unified standard system for testing alkali-activated materials, as there is for conventional cementitious materials, the workability testing principles for alkali-activated materials are similar to those for conventional materials. Therefore, the setting time tests, flow tests, and bleeding rate tests of alkali-activated GGBFS-zeolite powder grouting materials were conducted in strict accordance with the following test methods: the Test Methods for Water Requirement of Normal Consistency, Setting Time and Soundness of Portland Cement (GB/T 1346-2011) [25]; the Test Method for Fluidity of Cement Mortar (GB/T 2419-2005) [26]; and the Testing Methods of Cement and Concrete for Highway Engineering (JTG 3420-2020) [27]. To reduce the potential impact of test errors, a total of three parallel specimens were designed for each group, and the mean values were subsequently calculated after the removal of outliers. The compressive strength of the slurry stone body was evaluated in accordance with the Test Method of Cement Mortar Strength (GB/T 17671-2021) [28]. Demolded specimens were then subjected to a curing process for 7, 14, and 28 days under standard conditions (temperature of 20 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\circ}\)C and relative humidity >95%). Subsequently, the mechanical properties were determined using a WDW-100C microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine. This tester was produced by Shanghai Hualong Testing Instrument Co. China (Shanghai, China). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Groups**} & **Zeolite Powder** & **GGBFS Powder** & **CL Dosage/\%** & **NaOH Dosage/\%** & **Water–Binder Ratio** \\  & **Dosage/\%** & **Dosage/\%** & **CL Dosage/\%** & **NaOH Dosage/\%** & **Water–Binder Ratio** \\ \hline  
\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Alkali-activated GGBFS–zeolite powder grouting material ratio.