# Determinants of Emotion Recognition System Adoption: Empirical Evidence from Malaysia
## 4 Findings
### Demographics of Respondents  
A total of 392 questionnaires were administered to Malaysian youth, including universities, colleges, institutions, and youth societies. Table 4 shows the total demographic profile of the respondents. However, to meet the criteria of this study, two important criteria, which were the nationality and age range (Malaysian and youth), were considered initially. Based on the 392 questionnaires collected, 6 of them did not meet the criteria (non-Malaysian and non-youth). Thus, the final total number of observed respondents for this study was 386. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c} \hline \hline  & **Profile** & **Frequency (N = 386)** & **Percentage (100\%)** \\ \hline
**Gender** & & \\ \hline Male & 201 & 52.1 \\ Female & 185 & 47.9 \\ \hline
**Age** & & \\ \hline \textless{}19 years & 49 & 12.7 \\ \textless{}20–25 years & 297 & 76.9 \\ \textless{}26–30 years & 40 & 10.4 \\ \textgreater{}31 years & 0 & 0 \\ \hline
**Nationality** & & \\ \hline Malaysian & 386 & 100 \\ Other & 0 & 0 \\ \hline State & & \\ \hline Johor & 124 & 32.1 \\ Selangor & 50 & 13.0 \\ Melaka & 49 & 12.7 \\ Perak & 27 & 7.0 \\ Negeri Sembilan & 24 & 6.2 \\ Kuala Lumpur & 20 & 5.2 \\ Kelantan & 18 & 4.7 \\ Penang & 14 & 3.6 \\ Terengganu & 13 & 3.4 \\ Sarawak & 13 & 3.4 \\ Kedah & 13 & 3.4 \\ Pahang & 12 & 3.1 \\ Sabah & 8 & 2.1 \\ Perlis & 1 & 0.3 \\ \hline Technology Ownership & & \\ \hline Smart Phone & 348 & 90.2 \\ Laptop & 333 & 86.3 \\ Tablet & 130 & 33.7 \\ Mobile Phone & 118 & 30.6 \\ Camera & 88 & 22.8 \\ Smart TV & 68 & 17.7 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Demographic profile of respondents. As shown in Table 4, the first section of the survey concerned gender, which showed that 52.1% of the respondents in this study were male (201 respondents) and 47.9% of respondents in this study were female (185 respondents). Next, the survey focused on the age category. The majority of the respondents were within the age category of 20-25 years old, with 76.9% (297 respondents), while those less than 19 years old represented 12.7% (49 respondents), and the last category was 26-30 years old, with 10.4% (40 respondents). From the total of 386 respondents, it was necessary to examine the state of the demographics. Based on Table 4, the majority of the respondents were from Johor, with 32.1% (124 respondents), followed by Selangor, with 13.0% (50 respondents), and Malacca, with 12.7% (49 respondents), as the top three states with the highest numbers of respondents. The next section examined the technological devices available currently and asked whether the participants used more than one smart device to evaluate the motivations to adopt a certain technology and justify that youth are more likely to use a technology when the technology is available. This section also allowed the respondents to specify more than one answer; therefore, the total number of each answer was based on a value of 386. As expected, the majority of the participants owned smartphones (348 respondents), followed by laptops (333 respondents) and tablets (130 respondents). In the next section of the survey was a general question on the basic knowledge of ERS. Based on Table 4, the majority, namely 143 respondents (37%), were in the stage of fundamental awareness or basic knowledge of ERS, understanding the basic techniques and concepts of ERS in general, and 85 respondents (22%) were in the intermediate stage, in which respondents were identified to be able to perform tasks with ERS, although, in the intermediate stage, they may require less guidance from an expert and may be able to use the technology independently. This was followed by those with no awareness, with 61 respondents (15.8%) who had no knowledge or understanding of the concept of ERS. Meanwhile, 54 respondents (14.1%) were novices, indicating that the respondent had a level of experience or exposure to ERS but did not fully understand it and required an expert for guidance.