## 1 Introduction  
Due to fast economic growth, the status of mineral resources in the national economy and the need for mineral resources has been increasing. In mining production, controlling roadway deformation is an important task for maintaining enduring and effective supports that directly affect safety and high-efficient production. Controlling roadway deformation using appropriate support measures has become a critically important focus area in the study of rock mechanics and mining [1]. Recently, the deformation characteristics of roadways have been a hot research topic and have received considerable attention. [PERSON] et al. [2] and [PERSON] et al. [3] investigated the effect of a soft interlayer on the deformation of roadways. They found that the weak interlayer had an important effect on the degree of failure, causing asymmetrical stress. [PERSON] et al. [4] presented a mechanical roadway model based on a theoretical analysis and predicted the stress distribution around the roadway. [PERSON] et al. [5] explored the fault's influence on the deformation mechanism of a roadway and found that roadway convergence increased with activation of the fault. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. [6] studied the deformation laws in a goaf heading face based on a numerical simulation and field survey method. [PERSON] et al. [7] and [PERSON] et al. [8] discussed the characteristics of roadway deformations. They pointed out that high ground stress, mining-induced stress and low strength rock cause large deformation of roadways. [PERSON] et al. [9], [PERSON] et al. [10] and [PERSON] et al. [11] used numerical simulations to investigate a deep roadway's deformation failure characteristics, including Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC), Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions (FLAC\({}^{\text{3D}}\)) and LDEAS 1.0. Moreover, [PERSON] [12] divided roadway failures into roof sags, rock falls, beam failures, rib failures, skin failures and shearing failures. Meanwhile, traditional supporting methods, such as the use of spray-bolt-mesh, can no longer effectively control the large deformation of roadways under high geo-stress and broken rock mass. Researchers are thus paying more attention to the development of new materials and combined support schemes. [PERSON] et al. [13] and [PERSON] et al. [14] developed bolts with a constant resistance; [PERSON] et al. [15] found a high-strength cable; [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] developed a grouted bolt; and [PERSON] et al. [17], [PERSON] et al. [18] and [PERSON] et al. [19] proposed round, square, and D-shaped concrete-filled steel tubes. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. [20] put forward a non-deformable support system (NDSS). [PERSON] et al. [21] experimentally analyzed the characteristics of five concrete-filled steel tube arches used in deep roadways based on theory and numerical simulation. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. [22] presented a support method, including double-layer-truss and bolt-mesh-cable, which can effectively control rheological deformation. [PERSON] et al. [1] designed a coupled truss support scheme including anchors, anchor bolts, and shotcrete. Moreover, [PERSON] et al. [23] used U-shaped steel to limit the floor heave. [PERSON] et al. [24] put forward a novel reinforcement technology (whole section anchor-grouting) for roadways in rock mass with fractures. [PERSON] et al. [25] adopted square steel confined concrete to control surrounding rocks with high stress. Additionally, [PERSON] et al. [26] put forward a highly resistant and yielding support system for long-term control. [PERSON] et al. [27] provided a hybrid system with yielding steel ribs and [PERSON] et al. [11] developed a hybrid system with bolt, cable, mesh, shotcrete and shell. Although many researchers have studied the deformation and support of roadways which has resulted in a series of achievements, most of the solutions are based on coal mines and many support methods that cannot be widely used because of their high cost.