## 1 Introduction  
Urban mobility and its effects on the environment are a constant challenge that cities face in the current day [1]. Understanding and addressing the greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutant emissions created by daily commuting inside our neighborhoods is crucial as urban populations increase and transportation technology advances [2]. Concerns over air quality and greenhouse gases (GHGs) have reached catastrophic levels in the modern world [3]. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO\({}_{2}\)) contribute to climate change and global warming by trapping heat in the atmosphere [4]. Particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) released by combustion in vehicles exacerbate respiratory health problems and contribute to smog formation [5, 6]. Recent evidence indicates that 15% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are attributable to road transportation [4, 5]. When fossil fuels are used in automobiles and other industrial sources, these pollutants are discharged into the atmosphere, which exacerbates respiratory health issues and smog production [6]. Particularly in highly crowded metropolitan areas, delicate particulate matter PM10 poses a serious hazard to human health [6]. In this context, projects that closely investigate greenhouse gas emissions and their effects on particular urban regions become necessary in this scenario [5]. This article will discuss a groundbreaking study that measures gas emissions from transportation within a city's neighborhoods [7]. This study focuses on how our local actions can have a huge global influence by quantifying emissions, understanding their patterns, and identifying hotspots. In this way, pertinent organizations and people might create creative solutions with targeted outcomes to lessen this expanding issue [8]. This study uses an interdisciplinary method that combines cartography, pollution analysis, and transport data to present a complete picture of how our mobility choices impact the surrounding ecosystem. Every element has a distinct impact on the global carbon footprint and the standard of living in a neighborhood, from traffic congestion to the adoption of more environmentally friendly forms of transportation. By gaining a deeper understanding of these emissions and their underlying causes, we can develop effective strategies for building more sustainable and resilient urban environments [4]. This article underscores the importance of addressing urban mobility through a holistic, data-driven approach, showcasing the project's innovative methods and practical implications [4]. Two primary alternative methodologies based on activity data are utilized to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by urban mobility proposals: Fuel sold and Vehicle Kilicmeters Travelled (VKT) [9]. The first strategy is centered on the fuel sold in the research area and entails examining the kind and quantity of fuel that automobiles utilize in a particular region [10]. This method offers a thorough picture of the emissions related to the region's direct fuel use, which may be used to evaluate the carbon footprint and energy efficiency of the local transportation infrastructure [10]. The second method, on the other hand, is based on Vehicle Kilicmeters Travelled (VKT), and entails figuring out the total distance driven by every vehicle in the research region in a specific amount of time [11]. This method takes into account the kind and quantity of gasoline utilized, the efficiency of the vehicle, and the mobility patterns of the populace [11]. The VKT approach offers a more thorough understanding of GHG emissions associated with urban mobility by integrating trip and journey data, which enables the identification of hotspots and the development of more efficient mitigation solutions [12]. One critical method for emission calculations, particularly in Europe, is the COERT (Computer Programme to calculate Emissions from Road Transport) approach, developed under the supervision of the Joint Research Centre in 2007 [13].