## 5 Model Architecture  
Medical professionals will have very powerful physical tools to visualize and work in a 3D environment by visualizing medical image data as 3D models. This technology does not only sound attractive, but it will become a necessary tool in their hands. Applying 3D images will considerably eliminate the present demand to have an imaginative capability to mentally form the anatomical structures of a 3D patient from the visualization of 2D medical images [9]. The cumulative usage of VR and AR technologies with the progress of human-computer interaction approaches contribute to retrieving volumetric data in a 3D environment. The manipulation and potential diagnosis from the 3D pictures are made easier by more advanced visualization tools and interaction approaches that VR, AR, AI, and haptics promise to give in healthcare. Numerous systems have been experimented on by using haptic feedback devices to interact with volumetric data in VR and AR settings. In spite of having the competence to interact with volumetric data in 3D conditions, these techniques utilize one-point haptic interfaces [6]. The combination of VR, AR, AI, and haptics can offer an interactive solution for surgeons to enhance their profession. Since there is limited risk of disease transmission between surgeons, they may check patients without having them physically present in the hospital or operating room. This method may be particularly helpful in circumstances when patients suffer from infectious disorders. As depicted in Figure 3, a doctor or surgeon wears VR/AR glasses that give them the capability to examine the human body of the patient in a 3D environment and obtain a detailed description of their condition. Moreover, due to haptics, the surgeon can operate a surgical procedure by controlling a haptic device that manipulates a surgical robot or slave device on the other edge. This means that the surgeon and the patient could be in different places physically, instead of in the same operating room. Thus, potentially every surgeon can participate in surgical operations all over the world without moving from their permanent residence. Using AI between the haptic device and the slave device, the system will be able to self-learn by \"observing\" the surgeon's activity, giving the opportunity to become fully independent from human interaction. The requirements of data rates and estimated bandwidths for sensors with common specifications and control signals are reported in Table 1[20]. Specific considerations should be given to the control loops, which could not be performed locally. Figure 3: Medical image visualization with AI-based haptic interaction. Network malfunctions such as network delay, jitter, packet loss, and out-of-order packet delivery gravely affect haptic application, similar to every real-time multimedia streaming application. To avoid such types of disorders, the network conditions that are depicted in Table 2 should be satisfied [21]. Taking into consideration these elements, it is noticeable that haptic applications are sensitive to jitter, delay, and update rate, but they are more sensible to packet loss and low bandwidth compared to the requirements that other multimedia applications have. The objective of 5G systems is to achieve the demanded latency and throughput, with ultra-high reliability. The advantages of 3D viewing and haptic interaction are undeniable, and they are regarded as cutting-edge technologies that will find widespread application in the medical industry. The benefits of 3D communication and accurate visualization of the effects that VR and AR technologies could offer will benefit medical work. These technologies are already widely used in a variety of scientific areas, particularly in the industrial area, and undoubtedly in the medical area [22]. The goal of this model is to provide doctors with an optimized evaluation of clinical results by offering an improved clinical image of patients in medical centers and hospitals.