# Intelligence-Based Strategies with Vehicle-to-Everything Network: A Review
## 4 Simulation Tools  
Different simulation tools are employed to assess the efficiency of vehicular networks and analyze the protocols. Simulation tools are employed to accurately reproduce the real-world behaviors of a VANET system and evaluate the effectiveness of various strategies under different conditions. These became known as crucial instruments for educational studies and industrial ventures. The basic components of contemporary VANET simulators are their mobility and network elements. The mobility model accurately represents the real-life actions of vehicles in traffic. This technology is mostly employed for imitating the precise motion patterns of automobiles. To mimic the transmission of data between associated nodes, a network simulator is employed. In the VANET, the network typically consists of vehicles and RSUs and primarily relies on wireless connectivity. It is desirable to replicate every aspect of the network, including the entire protocol stack [114]. NS-3 is a widely used open-source network simulator specifically employed for simulating VANETs. NS-3 provides an all-inclusive resource for simulating and studying network protocols. It is a versatile, customizable alternative that offers outstanding versatility and adaptability. NS-2 is a more antiquated network simulator than its predecessor, NS-3. NS-2 provides an extensive collection of network models and protocols. However, its usage can be challenging because it is implemented in the C++ programming language and possesses an intricate architecture. Objective modular network test-bed in C++ (OMNeT++) is a popular open-source simulation framework extensively utilized for conducting VANET simulations. The software has an extensible structure and provides extensive tools for modeling and simulating different protocols. Optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) is a proprietary network simulation tool well suited for industrial applications. It is notable for its visually appealing user interface and intuitive usability. OPNET provides comprehensive modeling and analytics features for evaluating network performance, enhancing the usage of assets, and improving productivity. Nevertheless, due to its business-oriented nature, the expenses associated with obtaining a license can be substantial. Such network simulation programs are crucial for scholars to examine VANET protocols, devise novel techniques, and assess network efficiency in VANET simulations. Every simulator possesses unique benefits and drawbacks [115; 116; 117]. SUMO, or Simulation of Urban Mobility, is an open-source traffic simulator that handles massive traffic volumes. SUMO assists in preventing vehicle collisions, accommodating various types of vehicles, facilitating traffic movement, and regulating speed, among other features. It can import and modify various mobility maps. SUMO employs a graphical user interface (GUI) to direct traffic across individuals and many vehicles efficiently. This software is compatible with NS2, NS3, and OMNeT++. MOVE is a GUI that is built on top of and extends SUMO. Writing simulation scripts to replicate the environment is a time-saving practice. MOVE is a software tool that is capable of modifying maps. It may be integrated with other simulators, such as NS2 and GloMoSim, to simulate global mobile information systems [118]. Table 8 provides the advantages and disadvantages of specific commonly utilized mobility and network simulation tools suitable for vehicular ad hoc networks. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{42.7 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt} p{56.9 pt}} \hline \hline
**Simulators** & **Simulator Type** & **Licensed** & **Written in Support** & **Language Support** & **Advantages** & **Disadvantages** \\ \hline NS2 [119] & Network Simulator & Open Source & C++ & OTCL/C++ & Used by substantial customer and developer communities & Difficult to learning \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Commonly used simulation tools.