## 4 Discussion
A key consideration in the effectiveness of digital health systems for transplant patients is whether they align with patient needs. While platforms like MyChart provide access to health records, lab results, and appointment scheduling, they may not fully address patients' deeper concerns, such as understanding the significance of their medical data and its impact on their long-term health [60]. Patients require more than just access to information [60]. They need contextualized insights that guide their decision-making and improve adherence to post-transplant care plans. AI-driven tools have the potential to enhance patient engagement by providing personalized explanations of medical data, predicting potential health risks, and offering real-time guidance based on trends in their health records [34]. For instance, AI-powered decision-support systems could help transplant recipients interpret fluctuations in biomarkers, medication side effects, or early signs of organ rejection. By bridging the gap between raw data access and meaningful health literacy, these tools can foster greater patient confidence and encourage active participation in their post-transplant care. Future research should explore patient perspectives on digital health tools to determine specific gaps in existing systems and assess whether AI-driven solutions could enhance patient understanding, engagement, and overall health outcomes. Additionally, addressing attitudes toward Health Information Technology (HIT) and ensuring the credibility of the information provided builds trust--an essential component for patient engagement [12; 37]. Preparation and readiness are two interrelated factors crucial for the successful adoption of eHealth tools in transplantation care. Preparation involves understanding the context in which digital tools will be used, considering factors like user capabilities, technological infrastructure, and barriers to access. Studies have highlighted that patient hesitance often stems from a lack of familiarity or knowledge about these tools [30; 37], emphasizing the importance of addressing user capabilities to ensure effective tool usage. Readiness, on the other hand, pertains to both patients and healthcare systems being equipped to adopt and utilize these tools. This includes ensuring that patients have the necessary IT literacy and are open to technology [39; 44]. Moreover, the credibility of digital health tools is vital for readiness; without trust, patients may hesitate to adopt them [10; 31]. Both factors must be addressed in tandem, as neglecting either can limit the effectiveness of eHealth tools. These two factors, patient-centered design, preparation, and readiness, are deeply interdependent. A patient-centered approach not only influences the design of the tools but also shapes the preparation phase by highlighting the need for health devices, providers, and healthcare systems to align with patient needs. eHealth tool developers must ensure that digital devices support those needs, while patient preparation and readiness depend on whether the tools meet their requirements and expectations. Therefore, a lack of focus on any of these aspects would limit the effectiveness of eHealth devices. Regarding evidence of the _efficacy of different eHealth_ devices, multiple studies have demonstrated measurable and positive impacts of _different eHealth devices_ on individuals' health. The majority of the studies that utilized telehealth, revealed the positive impact telehealth had on patients, such as reduced time and costs as well as improved access to care [35; 56; 59; 64; 65]. Moreover, the use of telemedicine also demonstrated positive outcomes for patients, which was highlighted by one study that improved access to pharmacy care and improved the accuracy of medication lists [26]. The majority of the studies that implemented mHealth identified the positive impact mHealth had on patients post-transplantation, with reduced complications and hospitalizations [22; 29; 30; 41].