# Systems Engineering Methodology for Designing Digital Public-Private Partnership Platforms
## 3 Results  
Taking into account the basic principles of the SE methodology, the results of research on the cycles of the needs of stakeholders, and the decomposition approach in the development of architecture and design of the system [34], the framework of the implementation of the digital platform was formed Figure 1.  
A previous work by the authors has included a list of PPP participants interested in the DP (Table 2) [32]. The stakeholders listed in the table are aggregated by their areas of activity. Based on the identified needs (interests), the capabilities of existing technologies and services integrated into the designed DP are evaluated. If the needs of interested parties are met, DP requirements are formed on their basis. At this stage, requirements engineering techniques are used. Next, based on these DP requirements, the concept of a digital platform with internal functionality, interfaces of interaction, and other support systems is developed. This approach allows us to keep all the needs of interested parties in a single field and take them into account when designing and implementing a digital platform. Other authors' studies on similar topics utilized use case diagrams to illustrate and classify the needs of stakeholders [35]. This approach was used in this article to analyze the interests of the identified stakeholders. We offer five diagrams, each illustrating the corresponding group of needs:  
* Partnership;
* Pre-project activities;
* Financing of operations;
* Performance control;
* Mass media and public relations. Figure 1: Digital platform development framework. The diagrams presented in this paper (Figures 2-6) allow the visualization of the subject of interaction between stakeholders in a public-private partnership, based on which it becomes possible to determine the tools of this interaction for their integration into the digital platform. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Direction** & **Interested Parties** \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Manufacturers of industrial equipment} \\ Suppliers, contractors & Developers \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Contracting organizations} \\ Construction organizations \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{National banks} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Securities issuers} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Central Bank} \\ Financial intermediaries & International development banks \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{World Bank structures in Russia} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Transnational banks} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Insurance and reinsurance companies} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Leasing companies} \\ \hline Design organizations & Design services \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Research and development institutions} \\ Architecture and urban planning authorities \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Environmental regulators} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{State Fire Authority} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Monitoring services} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Federal Antitrust Service} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Federal Tax Service} \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Accounts Chamber} \\ \hline The authorities that regulate \\ import/export of participants of foreign & Federal Customs \\ economic activity & Legal services \\ \hline Expert assessment services & Assessment services \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Recipients of services/goods} \\ Users, consumers & Users, consumers \\ \multicolumn{3}{c}{Operating companies} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Subjects in the digital public–private partnership (PPP) platform [32]. Figure 2: Partnership. The partnership chart (Figure 2) shows the main parties involved in the direct implementation of a major PPP project, where government agencies are the initiator of the project, and private companies act as contractors and partners. The digital platform we are considering should provide the tools for evaluation and pre-project activities so that the main PPP participant, the government, can assess the current need for a major project and its prospects and find potential partners to implement it. To this end, we have created a diagram or project preparation (Figure 3).