# Construction 4.0: A Systematic Review of Its Application in Developing Countries
## 5 Awareness, Understanding, Application, and Challenges of Construction 4.0
### Application of Construction 4.0 in Developing Countries  
Within the literature, there is a lack of detailed case studies outlining where Construction 4.0 has been successfully implemented in developing countries. That said, the reader is directed to the work of [PERSON] et al. [11] to obtain a better insight of its successful application in Brazil, the USA, and the UK. In addition, Section 4.3. also identified developing-country-specific research gaps considered within recent (i.e., 2017 to 2023) publications. What follows is a much broader discussion of the application of Construction 4.0 in developing countries. In the context of contemporary manufacturing, specifically within the framework of Construction 4.0, it is observed that machines are interconnected in a manner that fosters collaboration, resembling a cohesive community. The process of evolution necessitates the application of sophisticated prediction tools to systematically transform data into information, enabling the elucidation of uncertainties and facilitating the making of more informed decisions within construction [55]. The advent of Construction 4.0 is anticipated to provide significant advantages to organisations that possess a comprehensive understanding of its implications for their operations. This type of change will extend beyond the operational boundaries of the company. The upcoming section examines the significance of the fourth industrial revolution on the economy of developing countries such as parts of Indian and Asian regions. It also discusses the significant measures implemented by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), the government, and customers to embrace this emerging trend. Additionally, recent technological advancements are explored [56]. Based on the _International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics 2016_, a publication by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), India's ranking has ascended by three positions, positioning it as the sixth-largest manufacturing nation among the top ten countries globally. India is not exempt from this prevailing global pattern and is progressively augmenting its portion of the global manufacturing gross domestic product (GDP). Many prominent nations are undertaking significant endeavours to stimulate manufacturing through the adoption of advancements in the fields of internet and information technology. The German government was one of the first to officially announce the implementation of \"Construction 4.0,\" a strategic initiative aimed at advancing the country's industrial sector. Similarly, the governments of China and India have introduced their own targeted programmes, namely, \"Made in China 2025\" and \"Make in India,\" respectively [57], whilst another developing country has adopted the tagline \"Thailand 4.0\" ([[https://dimerco.com/thailand-4-0-the-new-economy/](https://dimerco.com/thailand-4-0-the-new-economy/)]([https://dimerco.com/thailand-4-0-the-new-economy/](https://dimerco.com/thailand-4-0-the-new-economy/)) accessed on 5 February 2024). The objective of this is primarily to promote the production of goods by both multinational and national corporations. The governments therein prioritise the implementation of enabling policies and the enhancement of infrastructure for specific key sectors, due to the presence of numerous burdensome regulations and inadequate infrastructure, not least in India. As per the Indian Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF), the Government of India has established an ambitious objective of augmenting the proportion of manufacturing output to 25 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) by the year 2025, in contrast to the current 16 percent. The integration of principles from Industry 4.0 with the \"Make in India\" initiative is imperative for the Indian manufacturing sector to achieve success in the face of global competition. India possesses a distinctive opportunity to strategically chart its own path towards smart manufacturing through innovative means.