## 4 Analysis and Results
### Correct Lane Usage While Entering and Exiting Junction Control  
The results showed that a rate of 73% was observed for correct lane usage in signalized roundabouts, and in non-signalized roundabouts, a rate of 79% was observed. However, the analysis revealed that the association between the factors of signalization and correct lane usage did not reach statistical significance, as indicated by a \(p\)-value of 0.321 and a chi-square value of 0.987. Refer to Table 3 for a summary of these results. The lack of a significant association suggests that signalization alone may not be the primary determinant of correct lane usage while entering roundabouts. While the aim of the analysis was to explore factors influencing lane usage, a significant association was not found. This highlights that other factors, such as awareness and road design, aside from signalization, may play a more critical role in guiding drivers' lane choices. It is important to consider these factors when examining the differences observed in correct lane usage between signalized and non-signalized roundabouts. For correct lane usage when entering, [PERSON]'s V = 0.070, signifying a very weak association between junction control and lane choice. Since the chi-square test did not indicate statistical significance, this low value suggests that correct lane usage is largely independent of the presence of traffic signals. Instead, factors such as road design, driver familiarity, and adherence to regulations may play a greater role in ensuring proper lane selection. For exiting in signalized roundabouts, the rate was 65% for correct lane usage and a higher 83% for non-signalized roundabouts. The application of this analysis unveiled a significant association between the presence of junction control and correct lane usage while exiting, as evidenced by a \(p\)-value of 0.004 and a chi-square value of 8.420. For a detailed summary, see Table 4. The statistically significant association suggests that the presence or absence of traffic signals has a notable impact on correct lane usage while exiting roundabouts. In this case, the significantly higher rate of correct lane usage observed in non-signalized roundabouts indicates that drivers in such intersections are more adept at choosing the appropriate lane when exiting. This can be attributed to several factors. Non-signalized roundabouts often employ clearer lane markings, signage, and pavement markings that provide visual cues to guide drivers in selecting the correct lane. These visual aids can enhance driver understanding and confidence, resulting in higher rates of correct lane usage while exiting. The absence of traffic signals in non-signalized roundabouts may lead to a simpler and more intuitive navigation process for drivers. Without the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Junction** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Number of** \\ **Vehicles That** \\ **Changed Lanes** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Number of** \\ **Vehicles That Did** \\ **Not Change Lanes** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Rate of Lane** \\ **Change** \\ \end{tabular} & \(\chi^{2}\) & \(p\)**-Value** & **Cramer’s V** \\ \hline Signalized & 31 & 69 & 31\% & & & \\ Non-signalized & 14 & 86 & 14\% & 8.287 & 0.004 & 0.203 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Chi-square test and Cramer’s V of lane changes for signalized and non-signalized roundabouts. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Junction** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Number of Vehicles** \\ **That Used the Correct** \\ **Lane While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Number of Vehicles** \\ **That Did Not Use** \\ **the Correct Lane** \\ **While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Rate of Correct** \\ **Lane Usage** \\ **While Entering** \\ \end{tabular} & \(\chi^{2}\) & \(p\)**-Value** & **Cramer’s V** \\ \hline Signalized & 73 & 27 & 73\% & & & \\ Non-signalized & 79 & 21 & 79\% & 0.987 & 0.321 & 0.070 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}