# Current Status and Future Directions for Combined Tillage and Sowing Technology and Equipment
## 5 Analysis of Equipment and Technology Characteristics
### Development Trend of Key Technologies
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**Type** & **Operating Principle** & **Technical Features** & **Development Trend** \\ \hline Rotary tillage & Prepare the arable layer of cultivated land using rotary tilling and crushing methods. & The effects of soil crushing and straw burial are good, but the operation power consumption is relatively high, and there are certain impacts on the structure of the plowed layer and the moisture retaining property of the seed. & Optimize the structure and form of the cutting tools and explore relevant laws to improve the soil crushing rate and reduce the operation power consumption. & Optimize the structure and perform of the cutting tools and explore relevant laws to improve the soil crushing rate and reduce the operation power consumption. \\ Subsoiling & Loosen the deep layer of soil while maintaining the relatively stable structure of the original cultivated layer. & It can effectively improve the environment of the soil tillage layer and enhance the soil’s water storage, moisture-retaining, drought-resistant, and waterlogging drainage capabilities. However, the operation depth is not easy to control and the soil structure may be damaged. & Optimize the structure and operation form of the subsoiling shovel to reduce the operation power consumption and improve the stability and accuracy. \\ Ridging & The towed physohare creates parallel furrows in the field, and ridges are formed between adjacent furrows. & It can enhance soil permeability, improve photosynthetic efficiency, play a role in drought resistance and flood prevention, and promote crop yield and income increase. However, it has poor applicability and high operation costs. & Develop multiple processes and multiple functions to reduce the applicable cost and expand upon the application scenarios. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 6: Comparison of key technical characteristics of soil preparation technologies. \begin{table}
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**Type** & **Operating Principle** & **Technical Features** & **Development Tendency** \\ \hline Mechanical seeding Technology & Seeding and metering are realized through mechanical components. & It has a simple structure and low costs. However, its adaptability and precision are limited. & Improve the uniformity and stability of seed metering, solve the problems of adaptability and precision, and reduce the rates of repeated seeding, missed seeding, and seed damage. \\ Pneumatic seeding Technology & Propel the seeds to adhere to the seed suction tray, and then conduct the seed cleaning operation. & It has strong adaptability, high precision, a low damage rate, a simple structure, and high power consumption. & Develop in the areas of high efficiency, precision, and energy conservation; simplify the relevant structures; and reduce use costs. \\ Seed guide technology & Control the movement track of seeds and the method of planting. & It assists in improving sowing accuracy and stability. It is easily affected by seeds and the environment. & With the help of modern information technology, realize the real-time monitoring and regulation of operations. Optimize the relevant structures and improve the matching degree with different seed metering devices. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 7: Comparison of key technical characteristics of precision seeding technologies. includes collaborative cooperation, flexible versatility, and energy saving, and clarifying the main characteristics and application scenarios of different types of combined tillage and sowing machines. In combination with agronomic requirements and production needs, research should customize key operating mechanisms, adjust the optimal operating parameters to further improve the operation effect, and innovate different operation forms.