# Low Power Blockchained E-Vote Platform for University Environment
## 2 Ease of Use  
### Blockchain Application  
Blockchain technology is based on a principle similar to Peer to Peer (P2P) networks [11]. Indeed, each node trusts the blockchain constituted by the other nodes. Therefore, it is a medium of shared and reliable archiving of various operations (transactions, data, etc.). Each node in the network stores these encrypted data with the impossibility to delete them. On the Blockchain, adding information is possible but modifying what has previously been recorded is not. Thus, there is no way to corrupt the data. The blockchain operates as a decentralized database including the exchanges/transactions made among the different nodes. This database is shared in a secure way by its different users, without intermediaries. Any node has the possibility to check the validity of the chain of transactions [12]. The various transactions are grouped into blocks to be validated by the miner nodes and then added to the blockchain. Once stored, the transaction will be visible by the various nodes of the network, guaranteeing thus traceability. From an encryption point of view, asymmetric public key cryptography (PKI) [12] is used in transactions. This technique exploits a pair of keys (public/private) to encrypt and decrypt the stored data. The advantages of blockchain are: [13]  
* Reliability: one of the strengths of decentralization is the minimization of damage from attacks. * Trustlessness: thanks to decentralization, the information exchange is realized without the need for a third party. * Integrity: based on a control protocol, the execution of transactions is achieved. This ensures its integrity. * Transparency: all transactions made to the chains are public, immutable and can be controlled and accessed by all nodes of the Blockchain. Initially, Blockchain was dedicated to the financial sector. Nowadays, it has been generalized into several fields of use. In this section, we will try to highlight some of them:  
* Exchange  
Blockchain technology solves some problems related to fragmented market systems. We can present interoperability, trust and transparency as problems [14]. * Energy Industry  
Blockchain is used in energy-related applications especially in microgrids. This latter is a localized collection of electrical energy sources and loads that are integrated and managed to improve the efficiency and reliability of energy production and consumption [15; 16; 17]. * Insurance  
Blockchain is used in the negotiation, purchasing, recording of insurance findings, and processing of claims [18; 19]. * Healthcare  
The use of Blockchain in healthcare is becoming more prevalent in the literature [20; 21; 22; 23]. While in [2; 24] a summary of the use of eHealth was presented; in [16] the Blockchain was used to record electronic health data. In [3], [PERSON] et al. propose an embedded platform based on Raspberry PI and Xilinx FPGA. This platform demonstrates that limitless platform resources could be used to integrate PoW with this low consumption embedded system. * Industry  
The Blockchain is also used for different industrial supply chain applications. It allows the tracking of products from their raw state to the finished product. This minimizes the risk of theft [25; 26]. Among the industrial applications, there are the certificates allocated to Halal meats in the Muslim countries. In [27], [PERSON] et al. use a Blockchain-Based traceability methodology to supervise the Halal supply chain ecosystem in Indonesia. * Agriculture  
The use of Blockchain has also touched the agricultural field [28; 29]. Thus, the tracking of the product by the buyer from the field to the final product has been performed by using the Blockchain [30]. Another application of Blockchain appears in smart greenhouses. It allows taking into account data from different IoT sensors. These data are synthesized and stored in the Blockchain so that they can be saved and accessed by people with access to these products [31]. * Education  
Blockchain is also used in the academic setting.