## 3 Results
### Results and Discussions Regarding the Batter Boards Layout Methods
#### 3.2.2 Survey of the Batter Boards and Manual Calculation  
This method is based on the survey of the batter boards, in order to determine the coordinates of each side. This survey can be undertaken using a total station or an electronic theodolite with electronic distance measurement (EDM), and the survey can be carried out from one of the control points on site. The principle is to measure and obtain the coordinates  
Figure 9: Typical workflow for theodolite method construction line layout.  
of the wood plank at the middle of each side, in order to obtain a line or direction for each batter board (Figure 10). The calculus consists of determining the coordinate of the intersection between the construction line (axes) and the line representing the batter board. This can be obtained in a number of different ways, the easiest being to use an intersection of orientations (bearings). The orientations (bearings) will be calculated based on the designed coordinates (construction layout points) and the measured coordinates (each side of the wood plank). For example, in the case of construction line A-A and the measured batter board of points 10-11, the two bearings will be calculated as \(\theta_{\text{A3-A6}}\) and \(\theta_{\text{10-11}}\) as previously mentioned in Section 2.4. We consider the new point 201 as the intersection between the two bearings, and in order to determine its coordinates, the bearing between point 10 and point 201 is needed, which is the same as the bearing of the batter board \(\theta_{\text{10-11}}\) (point 201 is collinear on line 10-11). Also, the bearing between point A3 and point 201 is needed, which is the same as the bearing of the construction line A3-A6, calculated from the designed coordinates (Figure 11). Thus, the coordinates of point 201 can be obtained using the formulas:  
\[\text{X}_{201}=\frac{\text{Y}_{10}-\text{Y}_{\text{A3}}-\text{X}_{10}\text{ tg}\theta_{\text{10-201}}+\text{X}_{\text{A3}}\text{tg}\theta_{\text{A3-201}}}{ \text{tg}\theta_{\text{10-201}}-\text{tg}\theta_{\text{A3-201}}}, \tag{9}\]  
\[\text{Y}_{201}=\text{Y}_{\text{A3}}+(\text{X}_{201}-\text{X}_{\text{A3}}) \text{tg}\theta_{\text{A3-201}}, \tag{10}\]  
Figure 11: Construction lines and batter boards intersection.  
Figure 10: Batter boards survey.  
The advantages of this method are that it can be performed with older models of total stations that do not have special functions (e.g., reference line/layout line) or with total stations where these functions are blocked and it is necessary to purchase additional software packages. It is an engineering alternative to the classical method, the actual layout on the batter board is easy and accessible to anyone, as it is a regular stake-out based on the polar coordinates method (horizontal angle and distance). The disadvantages of this method are again numerous, because it has a low efficiency in terms of time. Also, numerous errors can occur when measuring the wood planks and manually calculating these intersecting coordinates. Another disadvantage is the need for qualitative batter boards, because if the wood planks are bent and the survey is at each side, the resulting intersection of coordinates will be outside the wood section.