# Human Psychophysiological Activity Estimation Based on Smartphone Camera and Wearable Electronics
## 6 Evaluation  
### Meditation Estimation Evaluation  
The section describes the developed meditation estimation model based on manual analysis of the dataset videos discussed in Section 4.2. Based on video analysis, we propose and evaluate the model for meditation process estimation. The aim of the manual video analysis is to determine parameters that are important for meditation process estimation. Based on these parameters, we propose the model that can be used for scoring the meditation process, which is shown in Table 2. The exact values of the  
Figure 22: Gamification elements based on a user’s motivational model and the results of their meditation practice.  
features are not so important. The most significant is their relationship to one another, which show what is more important and what is less. All of the meditations can be divided into three phases:  
* Introduction phase: the first 2 min of the whole meditation time;
* Conclusive phase: the last 1-2 min of the whole meditation time;
* Main phase: the residual time period.  
This means that features grades have to be also correlated with the meditation phase. We prepare the detailed description of several meditations from the dataset and analyze it to find correlations and tendencies during the process. Table 3 contains a description example of the meditation process done by a professional meditator. The process has been done using a lotus meditation pose, and the meditator takes the pose quickly. Meditation has been performed with tantric music accompaniment. As it can be seen from the table, the professional meditator performs the process without any interruptions, pose changes, or eye openings. Her breathing rate is quite small: 6-7 breaths per minute.  
Oppositely, meditations done by beginners look completely different. Table 4 shows an example. We conclude that the beginner meditator has a lot of small movement during the process, which is described in the table for the parameter amount of pose changes. We have analyzed a total of 8 meditation videos. This analysis shows that beginners also have interruptions during the process as well as eye opening.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **Introduction Phase** & **Main Phase** & **Conclusive Phase** \\ \hline Pulse: The first decrease of more than 10\% & +10 & 0 & 0 \\ Pulse: Increase of 10\% from the previous measure & \(-\)5 & \(-\)15 & \(-\)10 \\ Pulse: Staying lower than 90\% from the first measure & +5 & +15 & +10 \\ Breath: The first decrease for less than 10 breaths per min & +20 & 0 & 0 \\ Breath: Increase for more than 10 breaths per min & \(-\)5 & \(-\)15 & \(-\)10 \\ Breath: Staying lower than 10 breaths per min & +10 & +10 & +10 \\ Squaring shoulders & \(-\)3 & \(-\)5 & 0 \\ Straightening a back & \(-\)3 & \(-\)5 & 0 \\ Head movements & \(-\)3 & \(-\)5 & 0 \\ Changing the position of lower body & \(-\)3 & \(-\)10 & \(-\)5 \\ Changing the position of hands & \(-\)3 & \(-\)5 & 0 \\ Opening/closing eyes & \(-\)2 & \(-\)5 & 0 \\ Preserving the body position & +10 & +20 & +15 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Defined features and their grades.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Basic Aspect** & **Value** & **Comment** \\ \hline Meditation process duration & 22 min & \\ Amount of pose changes & 0 & \\ Amount of interruptions & 0 & No interruptions \\ Amount of eye openings & 0 & \\ Breathing rate & 6–7 & Deep breath \\ Breath type: thoracic/abdominal/other/not clear & thoracic & No changes \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Example of meditation analysis process done by a professional.