# Cellular and Virtualization Technologies for UAVs:
## 5 Conclusions and Future Work  
This paper presents as the main contribution a practical cellular-assisted UAV to enable BRLoS traffic management in the context of the Labyrinth project. This testbed will be employed to conduct validation analyses within the project. Different experimentation using this testbed has also been presented: on the one hand, it has been demonstrated that the selected communication equipment and the testbed design fulfill their purpose and meet the KPIs set by 3 GPP for a proper BRLoS operation. However, the results reveal that the 4G commercial network may have some limitations for applications beyond C2, while the conclusions obtained from the 5G SA benchmark reveal promising results in terms of bandwidth and latency. On the other hand, indoor flight experiments have been carried out to guarantee the platform's viability and functionality. Besides, the testbed incorporates a virtualization platform to deploy a wide variety of experiments over the network. This platform improves on traditional virtualization platforms due to its use of containerization technologies, a more lightweight solution for virtualized environments, making its implementation suitable in an environment with resource-constrained devices and/or intermittent connectivity. Figure 7: Measurements in indoor flight with connectivity loss. This work serves as a starting point for several lines of work and research. First, it would be essential to conduct performance measurements using 5G cellular networks once the commercial deployments are extended. Although 5G characteristics are promising, it will be necessary to exhaustively analyze its output performance to illustrate its potential strengths and weaknesses. On the other hand, it would be interesting to include energy consumption measurements about the communications prototypes. In resource-constrained environments like UAVs, where a battery supplies power to the on-board equipment, it is crucial to properly quantify power consumption in order to calculate its impact on battery life-time (which is very low due to the high energy consumption demanded by flight engines). Conceptualization, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V., I.V. and R.A.L.d.S. ; methodology, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V., I.V. and R.A.L.d.S. ; software, V.S.-A. and L.F.G. ; validation, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V., I.V. and R.A.L.d.S. ; formal analysis, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V. and I.V. ; investigation, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V. and I.V. ; resources, F.V. and I.V. ; data curation, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V. and I.V. ; writing--original draft preparation, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V. and I.V. ; writing--review and editing, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V., I.V. and R.A.L.d.S. ; visualization, V.S.-A., L.F.G., F.V. and I.V; supervision, F.V. and I.V; project administration, F.V. ; funding acquisition, F.V. and R.A.L.d.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This article has been supported by the H2020 Labyrinth project (grant agreement 861696), the TRUESG project funded by the Spanish National Research Agency (PID2019-108713 RB-C52/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multinannual Agreement with UC3M in the line of Excellence of University Professors (EPUC3M21), and in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation). Not applicable. The authors wish to thank [PERSON] for her guidance and support in the Automated UAV control system development. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript: