## 3 Results
### Application Domains
#### 3.2.6 Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles  
Eight articles focused the promotion of healthy lifestyles [75; 78; 79; 80; 85; 87; 88; 93].  
Article [75] reported a context-aware recommender application that offers personalized recommendations of exercise routes to older adults according to their health conditions and real-time information from a smart city. The application has predefined routes and recommends the best route based on a memory-based method that employs neighborhood search (i.e., to determine groups of similar individuals) and information acquired from the smart city infrastructure such as air quality, ultraviolet radiation, wind speed, temperature, or precipitation. The older adults can then select the best course according to their profile (e.g., age, effort, or distance) and can inform the application about unexpected situations that could affect other users. Moreover, they can also propose new routes. The application was configured for two cities and first tested with simulated users whose age distribution and medical statistics followed the reports of the WHO and the World Heart Federation. Later, an experiment was conducted to verify that the quality of the recommendations provided by the system were similar to those obtained by simulation.  
A similar approach was followed by the SmartWalk project that was described by five articles [79; 80; 85; 87; 88]. The objective of the SmartWalk project was to implement a platform to promote physical activity by older adults, through the suggestion of routes that met both the individual requirements in terms of physical activity and personal preferences. The choice of routes is made by a healthcare professional that considers the individual health conditions. The vision and general architecture of the SmartWalk project was presented in two articles [79; 88], while a set of personas and scenarios that were developed to help the systematization of the system functional requirements was presented in [80]. Moreover, the algorithm to determine the routes was described in [85] and the SmartWalk application was presented in [87].  
Finally, articles [78; 93] were related to the project Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI), which evaluates an application to promote physical activity together with data acquisition related to behavior, mode of travel, duration, and speed. The application collects data in real time on location and travel speed using GPS. Moreover, accelerometers are used to provide an objective assessment of physical activity.  
[PERSON] et al. [78] presented the design of a two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial to assess the application promoting physical activity selected for SCAMPI trial in terms of monitoring behavior change towards active transport. The primary outcome is moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity, while secondary outcomes include time spent in active transportation, perceptions about active transportation and health related quality of life. In turn, [PERSON] et al. [93] presented a qualitative study that aimed to examine the acceptance and user experience of the referred application promoting physical activity.