# Effects of Corner Modification on the Wind-Induced Responses of High-Rise Buildings
## 6 Conclusions  
In this paper, a process with the combination of the HFFB technique to determine the most effective mitigation measure and the SPI technique to verify the effect was developed to provide an operable scheme for the aerodynamic optimization of an actual high-rise building. Then, the process is applied to a 318 m-tall high-rise building. The main conclusions of this study are as follows.  
Figure 11: Comparison of extreme base overturning moments of HFFB and SPI: (**a**) \(M_{x}\). (**b**) \(M_{y}\).  
Figure 10: Comparison of the mean base overturning moment using SPI and HFFB tests: (**a**) \(M_{x}\). (**b**) \(M_{y}\).  
1. For the mean values of the base moments in the along-wind direction, the RO10% model reveals the smallest value among the five models. The results show that the mean base bending moment on the building will not be symmetrical about the wind azimuth due to the interfering effect induced by the neighboring buildings;
2. The standard deviation of the base bending moment of the building in the cross-wind direction is much larger than that in the along wind direction, indicating that the cross-wind fluctuations originating from vortex shedding will be dominated provided a remarkable building height;
3. The peak values of the power spectrum of the base bending moment decrease significantly for the models with corner modifications compared with the unmodified model. The aerodynamic treatments of corner modifications have a considerable benefit of disrupting the regular shedding of vortices and causing the cross-wind accelerations and displacements of buildings to be appreciably smaller than that of the unmodified model;
4. For the wind-induced base bending moments, the model with a 10% roundness radius to width ratio has the best mitigation effect not only in the along wind direction but also in the cross-wind direction among the four corner modifications;
5. Furthermore, the mean and extreme base overturning moments obtained by the SPI and the HFFB tests are almost coincidental versus the wind azimuth with acceptable discrepancy. The discrepancy may be partially due to facts such as the integrating error of the SPI technique and model fabrications. However, the disparities are relatively small, indicating that the two types of tests can be verified with each other.  
The study shows that the 10% roundness radius to width ratio has the best mitigation wind effects of the actual building. It indicates if a reasonable corner modification of the high-rise building is applied, the wind load and wind-induced response in the along wind and cross-wind direction will be reduced significantly. As a result, remarkable economic savings will be expected. Therefore, the developed process in this paper is helpful and meaningful in the wind-resistant design for actual high-rise buildings.  
Conceptualization, Y.K. and G.S.; methodology, Y.K. and G.S.; investigation, Y.K., G.S., H.Y. and J.X.; writing--original draft preparation, Y.K., G.S. and H.Y.; writing--review and editing, Y.K., G.S. and J.X. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
The authors greatly appreciate the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51578505 and 52178511) and the Provincial Fundamental Research of Zhejiang (Grant No. LGG21E080009). The opinions and statements do not necessarily represent those of the sponsors.  
Not applicable.  
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationships that could influence the work reported herein.