## 1 Introduction  
The development of a mechatronic homogenization system represents a significant advance in the quest for maintaining drug concentration uniformity. This technology has the potential to revolutionize pharmaceutical formulations, particularly for drugs requiring precise dosage, such as insulin, furosemide, and gentamicin. However, while the innovation is promising, an in-depth analysis reveals several shortcomings that warrant further investigation. Unlike previous approaches, our system integrates dual-axis mechanical homogenization and photonic surface treatment into a compact, low-energy design that is scalable and feasible for clinical implementation. Empirical observations have revealed temporal inconsistencies in patient physiological responses following the preparation and infusion of drugs using syringe-based delivery systems. These findings have initiated a targeted inquiry into the contributing factors, with particular focus on infusion duration and administered volume as key variables potentially affecting alterations in vital signs [1, 2, 3]. These parameters are increasingly recognized ascontributing to hemodynamic instability and systemic physiological variability in critically ill patients. Intravenous administration of drugs via syringe pumps is foundational in intensive care unit (ICU) care. However, variability in drug concentration during infusion, especially for drugs with poor solubility or high adsorption potential (e.g., insulin, furosemide, chemotherapeutics, and dopamine), can compromise efficacy and safety [4]. These variations often arise from
* Sedimentation in the syringe [5]. * Surface adhesion to polypropylene walls [5]. * Chemical instability or aggregation [5]. Such phenomena contribute to hemodynamic instability, unintended overdosing/underdosing, and cytotoxic effects, particularly during long infusions or when syringes are pre-filled hours before use. We propose a low-energy, modular homogenization system embedded in syringe pumps that:  
* Vibrates the syringe along dual axes to prevent sedimentation. * Applies targeted photonic treatment (470 and 700 nm) [6] to modify syringe surface chemistry and stabilize the drug formulation. * Operates within strict power, thermal, and safety limits for hospital environments. The proposed electronic system operates through a dual mechanism: mechanical agitation via stirring of the drug solution and photonic activation through exposure to light within the syringe pump. Prior specialized studies have demonstrated that chemical compounds exposed to high-intensity light at a wavelength of 700 nm exhibit enhanced stability and maintain improved homogeneity. In the present study, a simulation of drug administration at low infusion rates (2-4 mL/h) was conducted. The objective is to evaluate and compare the degree of solution homogeneity achieved by conventional syringe pumps versus the newly developed model by our team [5; 6; 7]. Drug infusion devices are an important part of drug delivery in intensive care unit (ICU) patient care as well as in the operating rooms (OR). Drugs are delivered via these electromechanical systems with moderate precision [5; 6; 7]. The flow continuity of two brands of syringe pumps and four brands of syringes was studied as a possible cause of hemodynamic fluctuations observed in neonates. Syringe plunger force exhibited regular fluctuations, indicating plunger sticking or unexplained delivery irregularities [7]. Observational studies have identified a pattern of hemodynamic disturbances in patients occurring after a certain duration following the preparation of injectable drug solutions. Given the high incidence and variability in performance among syringe pump manufacturers, this phenomenon has prompted further investigation by the research team [8]. A leading hypothesis attributes these effects to temporal changes in solution homogeneity, potentially resulting in the inadvertent administration of drug concentrations that deviate from prescribed dosages [8].