## 2 Neovascularization in Tendon Disorders and Its Therapeutic Potential
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Author** & **The Definition of Neovascularization** & **Clinical Implications** \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [10] & Tendinopathic tendons often have infiltrations of vascular and small blood vessels. & Authors concluded that pathological alterations changes are consistent with tendon degeneration. It can be recognized as an attempt of tissue regeneration. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [23] & Neovascularity associated with tendinopathy is characterized by the formation of microvascular networks, in and around tendon tissue. & Authors concluded that neovascularization may be associated with tendon-related pain. This depiction of increased vascularity ranges from disease blusth to isolated new peritendinous and peribursal vessels. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [24] & Neovascularization was described as an increased number of discrete, visible small vessels to soft-tissue blush. & Authors concluded that these very small vessels (microvascular flow) can be studied ultrasonographically. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [12] & Neovascularization is present in Achilles, patella, elbow, fascia plantaris tendons in the chronic disease. There is a proliferation of new vessels inside the tendon. & Authors recognized the neovascularization process as a pathological phenomenon in the degenerative tissue. \\ \hline [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. [43] & Neovascularization was described in a tendon with advanced, degenerative alterations, and vessels in the Achilles tendons were seen through the entire widened part of the tendon. In the neovascularization described by authors, both arterial and venous blood flows & Authors concluded that neovascularization is essential for the long-term survival of a graft. On the other hand, in cases of tissue regeneration after acute injury, it is usually a haphazard process. Finally, chronic tendinopathy may be associated with pain and the chronicity of tendon lesions. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [2] & Neovascularization was described as an increased vascularity and present in healing tendon grafts, after acute tendon injury, in chronic tendinopathy. & Authors concluded that neovascularization is essential for the long-term survival of a graft. On the other hand, in cases of tissue regeneration after acute injury, it is usually a haphazard process. Finally, chronic tendinopathy may be associated with pain and the chronicity of tendon lesions. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [7] & Neovascularization was described as a chaotic expansion of new capillary vessels. & In the ageing of tendons, the neovascularization process is usually absent. Moreover, the neovascularization process is one of the most important components of tendiscuse regeneration. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [44] & Neovascularization was presented as new vessel in growth in the synovium and at the osteochondral junction, penetrating into non-calcified cartilage and osteophytes. & The neovascularization process often appears simultaneously with the sensory nerve ingrowth. Moreover, it brings nerve fibers containing substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which are implicated in the unmymplanted burning pain described by patients with OA mediating sustained. \\ \hline [PERSON] et al. [45] & Neovascularization was defined as vessel growth mainly at the adhesion margin for less than one-third of the meniscus body & Authors concluded that the revascularization after meniscus transplantation is very important to the healing process. Moreover, they found that no significant vascular distribution was found at the free margin of the meniscus. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 1: Different approaches to the neovascularization phenomenon in tendon and meniscus studies. role of PRP injection on neovascularization and the echogenicity of the Achilles tendon; however, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups [47]. In turn, [PERSON] et al. presented an animal study showing the effect of PRP injections into an injured flexor tendon [47].