## 6 Evaluation Conditions
### Evaluation Conditions Commonly Used for the Proposed and Existing Routing Methods  
The simulation conditions are shown in Table 3. The GIS (geographical information system) for simulation scenarios was built by downloading the relevant map information from Open Street Map [16] into the Scenargie simulator. However, since this map information was old, we partially reformed and supplemented the map. The routes and timetables of traveling nodes were based on eight buses on three bus routes of Nishi Tokyo Bus Company (Hachoji, Tokyo, Japan) [17]. The routes of the traveling nodes and locations of the storage points are shown in Figure 18. There were three sending points and four destination areas, as shown in Figure 19. A total of 12 sending nodes were used, which were derived by multiplying three sending points by four destination areas. There were about 100 terminals in each destination area. For our proposed routing, we set the upper limit to the number of the copy and relay operations by a receiving node to one. The simulation time was 2 h, which was the length of time it took for a traveling node to make two rounds on its route. We selected two rounds because, if we select only one round, the simulation can end before the operation for sharing information about covered areas completed. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Item** & **Value** \\ \hline Simulation field & Area between North Exit of JR Hachioji Station and Soka University (about 3.5 km \(\times\) 5.0 km) \\ \hline Simulation time & 2 h \\ \hline Number of terminals & 1000 \\ \hline Number of sending nodes & 12 (included in the number of mobile terminals) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Common simulation conditions for evaluation. Figure 17: Protocol stack used in the Scenargie simulator [15]. Figure 18: Routes of the traveling nodes and locations of storage points. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Item** & **Value** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Mobile terminal movement model} & GIS-based random waypoints \\ \cline{2-3}  & (Sending nodes were stationary) \\ \hline Moving speed of mobile terminals & 1.0 to 5.0 km/h \\ \hline Size of a bundle generated & 100 KBytes \\ \hline Number of bundles generated & 1 bundle/sending node \\ \hline Number of traveling nodes & 8 (on 3 bus routes of Nishi Tokyo Bus) \\ \hline Traveling node movement model & Public vehicle model \\ \hline Number of storage points & 2 (at the front gate of Soka University and at North Exit of JR \\ Hachioji Station) \\ \hline Storage point movement model & Stationary \\ \hline Wireless communication standard & IEEE 802.11g \\ \hline Radio wave propagation range & Area with a radius of 50 m \\ \hline Radio wave propagation model & ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union-Radio \\ communications Sector) P.1411 \\ \hline Hello message & Sent every 3 s \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._The number of mobile terminals was 1000. Although this may seem small when you take the population density of Hachioji City into consideration, we chose this number because the simulation load and computation time increase exponentially with the number of nodes and because sufficient evaluation results can be obtained with 1000 mobile terminals. We used GIS-based random waypoints for the movements of mobile terminals. In this model, the destinations of mobile terminals were selected at random from the entire geographical area of the simulation scenario, and mobile terminals moved along GIS objects (roads). These processes were repeated. Mobile terminals moved at a speed of 1.0 to 5.1 km/h, which assumed the walking speed of humans. However, mobile terminals that became sending nodes remained stationary at their initial positions because their movements greatly affect the evaluation results. At the beginning of the simulation, a sending node generated a bundle of a size of 100 KBytes.