# Evacuation Management System for Major Disasters
## 3 EMS Platform
### Results  
All of the requirements tested were satisfactorily verified. Firstly, the third requirement was achieved as the EMS was able to simultaneously manage the evacuation of the 13 reported urban areas (Figures 6 and 7). Similarly, in the second requirement, the shelters and meeting points complied with the requirements proposed in the conceptual model, although they differed slightly from the reality of the use case that was used due to the random nature of the calculations, and an example of a particular urban area is shown in Figure 7. This is because the expert judgement or field decisions made by first responders may be influenced by additional information beyond the suitability of the shelter or its location.  
The verification of the first requirement was completely satisfactory as it was able to calculate the independent evacuation routes, avoiding damaged assets and impassable burned areas for each of the cases where it was applied; see Figure 7. Finally, the correct estimation of the evacuation times for both pedestrian and vehicular evacuation was also verified with satisfactory results, representing the behaviours captured in the previously detailed models; see Figure 8. These curves show that at the beginning of all the evacuations there is a pre-evacuation period where the evacuees are carrying out actions of decision, packing or family grouping. These behaviours do not disagree with similar studies [36]. The curves also represent that a large number of evacuees are continuously arriving, indicating a possible mass departure or traffic jams, and that only a few reach the last one, represented by the last flat parts of the curve.  
Furthermore, as can be seen in Table 3, the performance results reveal certain guidelines to be considered when using the system. The main one is that it must be understood that the most important effect on the simulation time is exhibited by the number of evacuees to be simulated and the number of interactions between road sections within the stochastic process, which, as can be seen in the results, have a linear influence. The results also reveal that the number of routes does not have a significant influence on the simulation times, and it can only be seen that the greater the number of routes per assembly point, the more evacuees that are distributed along the different routes, and the more the simulation time decreases. The main reason for the notable increase in simulation times is due to the fact  
Figure 7: Gran Canaria wildfire use case evacuations. Evacuation areas are presented in blue where red and green dots represent the assembly points and shelters respectively. The yellow lines represent the selected evacuation route.  
that the vehicular model is critical, which, being agent-based, is completely dependent on the number of interactions between agents on the same road section, and as the number of agents and interactions increases, the number of calculations to solve their interactions increases, so simulation times are longer. It should be clarified with regard to the \"Agaete\" performance results shown in Table 3 that the simulation time is so short because more than half of the evacuees in this evacuation came from \"El Risco\" with a direct route to the shelter, so there would be no interaction between routes, significantly reducing the number of agents interacting on the remaining routes.