# OTSU Multi-Threshold Image Segmentation Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm
## 5 Experimental Analysis
### Segmentation Experiment and Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Metric Name** & **Image** & **k** & **WOA** & **BOA** & **PSO** & **OURS** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image1(000019)} & 2 & **1704.8574** & 1704.5298 & 1704.3760 & 1704.8259 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & 2539.6813 & 2539.4239 & 2539.2458 & **2539.7578** \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **2765.9773** & 2765.2783 & 2764.2456 & 2764.2568 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3858.8308** & 3858.1415 & 3857.672 & 3858.3303 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 2 & **2213.5065** & 2213.1738 & 22123.3147 & 22123.1353 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3450.9044** & 3450.6474 & 3450.6818 & 3450.8937 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **4033.8449** & 4033.1927 & 4033.1099 & 4033.8446 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **4905.7727** & 4905.6214 & 4904.3492 & 4905.7649 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image3(001478)} & 2 & **2451.9890** & 2451.7517 & 2451.1717 & 2451.9397 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3375.8902** & 3375.4263 & 3375.1152 & 3375.8437 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **3766.7624** & 3766.2709 & 3766.2389 & 3766.4151 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3986.8089** & 3986.3177 & 3984.3164 & 3986.7295 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 2 & **1765.9298** & 1765.3507 & 1765.1458 & 1765.4344 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **2276.9954** & 2276.8173 & 2276.3680 & 2276.9576 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **3877.9674** & 3877.1473 & 3877.1218 & 3877.2627 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **5090.7653** & 5090.5032 & 5090.2623 & 5090.6338 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image5(004423)} & 2 & **1721.8701** & 1721.1817 & 1721.1124 & 1721.2721 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **2551.9400** & 2551.7442 & 2551.4594 & 2551.8431 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **2968.9682** & 2968.7638 & 2968.4520 & 2968.7339 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3859.5790** & 3859.1403 & 3857.1300 & 3859.3798 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image6(005404)} & 2 & **2972.7388** & 2972.2542 & 2972.1044 & 2972.4020 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3387.7543** & 3387.3168 & 3387.2231 & 3387.6870 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **4142.6126** & 4142.4051 & 4142.3022 & 4142.4612 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **5984.9055** & 5984.7659 & 5984.3470 & 5984.8045 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Comparison of Fitness in images a–f. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Metric Name** & **Image** & **k** & **WOA** & **BOA** & **PSO** & **OURS** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image1(000019)} & 2 & **1704.8574** & 1704.5298 & 1704.3760 & 1704.8259 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & 2539.6813 & 2539.4239 & 2539.2458 & **2539.7578** \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **2765.9773** & 2765.2783 & 2764.2456 & 2764.2568 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3858.8308** & 3858.1415 & 3857.672 & 3858.3303 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 2 & **2213.5065** & 2213.1738 & 22123.1347 & 22123.1353 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3450.9044** & 3450.6474 & 3450.6818 & 3450.8937 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **4033.8449** & 4033.1927 & 4033.1099 & 4033.8446 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **4905.7727** & 4905.6214 & 4904.3492 & 4905.7649 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image3(001478)} & 2 & **2451.9890** & 2451.7517 & 2451.1717 & 2451.9397 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3375.8902** & 3375.4263 & 3375.1152 & 3375.8437 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **3766.7624** & 3766.2709 & 3766.2389 & 3766.4151 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3986.8089** & 3986.3177 & 3984.3164 & 3986.7295 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Fitness} & 2 & **1765.9298** & 1765.3507 & 1765.1458 & 1765.4344 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **2276.9954** & 2276.8173 & 2276.3680 & 2276.9576 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **3877.9674** & 3877.1473 & 3877.1218 & 3877.2627 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **5090.7653** & 5090.5032 & 5090.2623 & 5090.6338 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image5(004423)} & 2 & **1721.8701** & 1721.1817 & 1721.1124 & 1721.2721 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **2551.9400** & 2551.7442 & 2551.4594 & 2551.8431 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **2968.9682** & 2968.7638 & 2968.4520 & 2968.7339 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **3859.5790** & 3859.1403 & 3857.1300 & 3859.3798 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Image6(005404)} & 2 & **2972.7388** & 2972.2542 & 2972.1044 & 2972.4020 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 4 & **3387.7543** & 3387.3168 & 3387.2231 & 3387.6870 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 6 & **4142.6126** & 4142.4051 & 4142.3022 & 4142.4612 \\ \cline{2-6}  & 8 & **5984.9055** & 5984.7659 & 5984.3470 & 5984.8045 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}