## 4 Performance and Collaboration Analyses Results
### Analysis of Scientific Collaboration  
The scientific collaboration relations among the 44 countries/regions ([[http://home.eduhk.hk/~](http://home.eduhk.hk/~)]([http://home.eduhk.hk/~](http://home.eduhk.hk/~))|hxie/applied_sciences/countries.html) participating in research of NLP techniques for clinical trials text processing are illustrated as Figure 2 with 44 nodes and 124 links. Among the 44 countries/regions, \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Institution** & **Country** & **H** & **A (R)** & **TC** & **ACP** & \(\geq\)**100** & \(\geq\)**30** & **A1** & **A2** \\ \hline _[PERSON]_ & _University of California, San Francisco_ & 10 & 12 (4) & 1015 & 84.58 & 2 & 4 & 7 & 5 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas_ & 8 & 13 (2) & 274 & 42.67 & 0 & 2 & 6 & 7 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Stanford University_ & 8 & 10 (5) & 176 & 39.50 & 0 & 0 & 8 & 2 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Columbia University_ & 7 & 13 (2) & 208 & 27.20 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 13 \\ _Amer Bucur_ & _Philips Research_ & 7 & 15 (1) & 117 & 25.57 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 14 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Stanford University_ & 7 & 8 (8) & 136 & 22.00 & 0 & 0 & 7 & 1 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Stanford University_ & 7 & 7 (10) & 124 & 21.50 & 0 & 0 & 6 & 1 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _University of California, San Francisco_ & 7 & 9 (6) & 384 & 21.50 & 1 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\ _Stelins St Stalinakis_ & _Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas_ & 6 & 7 (10) & 179 & 21.08 & 0 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ _Matlins_ & _Searland University_ & 6 & 6 (18) & 237 & 20.57 & 0 & 2 & 3 & 3 \\ _Brockhausen_ & _Tobiani University of Mallat_ & 6 & 7 (10) & 144 & 17.71 & 0 & 1 & 3 & 4 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Tobiani University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston_ & 5 & 6 (18) & 95 & 17.60 & 0 & 0 & 6 \\ _Tobiani University of Michigan_ & 5 & 6 (18) & 129 & 17.00 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 6 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center_ & 5 & 6 (18) & 129 & 16.00 & 0 & 0 & 6 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Immune Tolerance Network_ & 5 & 5 (23) & 110 & 15.83 & 0 & 0 & 4 & 1 \\ _Mertia Duges_ & _University of Munster_ & 5 & 9 (6) & 97 & 10.78 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 9 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Tobiani University of Maniral_ & 5 & 7 (10) & 65 & 9.29 & 0 & 0 & 2 & 5 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Tobiani University of Madrid_ & 5 & 5 (23) & 136 & 7.80 & 0 & 1 & 3 & 2 \\ _[PERSON]_ & _Tobiani University of Madrid_ & 5 & 8 (8) & 39 & 4.88 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 8 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Abbreviations are the same as Table 5.  
\end{table} 
Table 8: Distribution of articles by authors. 23 were from Europe (orange nodes), 12 from Asia (red nodes), five from South America (purple nodes), two from North America (blue nodes), and two from Oceania (green nodes). The collaborations among European countries/regions were close. The USA and the UK had the most collaborations (in 13 articles), followed by Germany-Greece (11 articles), the Netherlands-Belgium (nine articles), Germany-Spain (nine articles), and the Netherlands-Spain (nine articles). Of these 58 countries, the USA was the most collaborative country with collaborations with 29 countries/regions. Thus, it was located in the center of the network. Other collaborative countries/regions included the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, and Greece, with collaborations with 29, 21, 18, 15, and 15 countries/regions, respectively. Figure 3 shows the scientific collaboration network among 35 institutions ([[http://home.eduhk.hk/](http://home.eduhk.hk/)]([http://home.eduhk.hk/](http://home.eduhk.hk/))\(\
eg\)|hxie/applied_sciences/institutions.html) with an article count \(\geq\)5 and with 35 nodes and 65 links. Of them, about 50% are from the USA (blue nodes). The collaborations among them were very close. _The Technical University of Madrid_ from Spain and _Philips Research_ from the Netherlands were the most collaborative partners (nine articles), followed by _Philips Research_ from the Netherlands and _Custodix NV_ from Belgium (six articles), as well as _the Technical University of Madrid_ from Spain and _the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas_ from Greece (six articles).