## 2 The Current Status and Challenges of Security Resource Management and Scheduling  
Currently, research on security resource scheduling management is primarily focused on airports and subway systems. In these areas, extensive studies have been conducted to optimize the allocation of security resources, improve the efficiency of security checks, and reduce passenger waiting times. In the airport sector, research on security resource scheduling typically focuses on optimizing the configuration of security lanes and personnel scheduling. Researchers employ various modeling and optimization techniques, such as queueing theory, simulation models, and operations research methods, to simulate different passenger flow scenarios and determine optimal resource allocation strategies. For instance, [PERSON] and colleagues integrated discrete event simulation modules with optimization modules to effectively reduce costs associated with security checks and passenger discomfort [5]; [PERSON] and others proposed six queuing methods for the development of security verification counters based on queueing theory and developed an airport passenger security screening process model using AnyLogic software, incorporating the social force model and considering the security layout and spatial dimensions of a specific airport [6]. [PERSON]'s team applied queueing theory to model parallel and serial security systems, discovering through Matlab and Anylogic simulations that serial systems are more effective during peak times, especially as the passenger number increases, with channel capacity and layout identified as key factors affecting efficiency. Their optimization reduced service time in the serial system by 37.5% [7]. [PERSON] applied queueing theory to airport security during the pandemic, developing an integer programming model to minimize the total number of security lanes, and optimized the lane plan using actual data from S airport. [PERSON]'s work also accounted for the working conditions and environmental safety of security staff, devising an optimized scheduling plan to minimize the total operational cost of security based on fixed and variable working hours [8]. These studies not only considered the configuration of security lanes but also factored in work and rest schedules for security personnel in order to ensure an efficient security process and rational scheduling. In subway systems, significant progress has also been made in security resource scheduling research, focusing primarily on optimizing passenger flow management during peak periods and enhancing security efficiency. Subway stations experience significant temporal and cyclical variations in passenger volumes, especially during rush hours, when the number of passengers can spike dramatically. The dynamic adjustment of security lanes and fast lanes for different types of luggage can effectively enhance passenger throughput efficiency and reduce waiting times in the hall [9; 10]. [PERSON] collected video data of the security screening process at Beijing subway stations and conducted statistical analyses, identifying six passenger factors and four environmental factors that could influence the duration of security services. Using stepwise regression, he found that luggage and the type of screening machines were the most significant factors affecting service times [11]. [PERSON] improved the efficiency of subway station security lanes by implementing an intelligent guidance and diversion system that dynamically adjusted lane assignments based on the type of passenger luggage, increasing the efficiency of large bag lanes by 38% and that of small/no bag lanes by 16% [12]. [PERSON] and others developed a networked security screening technology based on passenger profiles, connecting with public security system data to focus security resources on key individuals based on social credit data and subway credit data. They not only reduced security costs but also improved security outcomes [13].