## 4 Conclusions  
Bioactive films based on \(\beta\)-glucan and pomegranate, bilberry, or cranberry juice have been successfully developed. The results obtained in the order of film development (pomegranate, bilberry, and cranberry) showed differences in WVTR, WVP, solubilization time, and color.  
The rheological study on the polymeric solution of sodium alginate (gelling agent) revealed a pseudoplastic behavior, leading to fluidization of the polymer system. This non-Newtonian behavior is particularly important in the dosing and dispersion of ingredients in a film-forming solution when subjected to mixing.  
Film thickness was dependent on the amount of solids introduced into the film-forming solution as well as whether a constant layer thickness was maintained during casting. No more than 6 g of solids were added to the film-forming solution and the casting was conducted uniformly to obtain films below 200 \(\upmu\)m thickness.  
As the amount of sodium alginate increases, the WVTR decreases, but it increases when a higher concentration of juice was added. The hydrophobic nature of soybean oil decreases WVTR values to a small extent. In the case of the films with the highest amount of sodium alginate (1 g), a minimum WVTR of 7.6918 g/h\(\cdot\)m\({}^{2}\) was found, while the highest value of 32.1896 g/h\(\cdot\)m\({}^{2}\) was identified at a value of 0.4 g of SA and 30 mL of juice.  
WVP was dependent on film thickness. The lowest WVP value was found in bilberry juice-based films (0.1057 g\(\cdot\)mm/kPa\(\cdot\)h\(\cdot\)m\({}^{2}\)) followed by cranberry juice (0.3523 g\(\cdot\)mm/kPa\(\cdot\)h\(\cdot\)m\({}^{2}\)) and finally in pomegranate juice-based films.  
The addition of soybean oil to bilberry juice films reduces the dissolving time by half. The most noticeable effect of increasing the amount of sodium alginate and juice was to reduce solubility that has been found in films made from cranberry juice. Fast-dissolving  
Figure 8: (**a**–**c**) Images of the films made of pomegranate, bilberry and cranberry juice; (**d**–**f**) Optical properties of the \(\beta-\)glucan/ juice films.  
films showed stability against water vapor, acceptable thickness, and no visible cracks in the film mass  
Considering the results of the current study, the amount of juice and gelling agent are an important factor in attributing the physicochemical properties to bioactive films.  
Conceptualization, S.A. and I.A.; methodology, I.A. and S.A.; software, I.A.; validation, S.A. and I.A.; formal analysis, I.A.; investigation, I.A.; resources, S.A.; writing--original draft preparation, I.A.; writing--review and editing, I.A.; visualization, I.A.; supervision, S.A.; project administration, S.A.; funding acquisition, S.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This work was funded by Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization within Program 1--Development of national research and development system, Subprogram 1.2--Institutional Performance--RDI excellence funding projects, under contract no. 10 PFE/2021.  
Not applicable.  
The data presented in this study can be provided on request.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.