## 1 Introduction
In aerospace and motor drive applications, CSIs demonstrate additional benefits, such as sinusoidal voltage generation, reduced electromagnetic interference, and robust fault tolerance [13]. One study highlights the significant role of SVMs in modern CSI systems, particularly when combined with wide-bandgap (WBG) switches, which reduce losses associated with reverse-voltage-blocking devices. Consequently, CSIs can achieve efficiencies comparable to CSIs while maintaining their inherent reliability benefits [6; 14] by using WBG technology. The direct CSI SVM modulator performs better than conventional PWM techniques. It improves the system's efficiency and dynamic responses. The DDPWM was introduced as a method that simplifies the creation of gating signals for a CSI [15]. This method allows for direct signal generation without any translation from the gating signals of VSI or without implementing the fairly complex CSI SVM. One of the key advantages of DDPWM is that each active switch has an effective switching frequency that is two-thirds of the carrier frequency, resulting in less switching loss. It is also shown that there is an isomorphic relationship between a three-phase CSI and a single-phase three-level VSI, indicating that these two systems share the same modulation characteristics. This implies that they can be analyzed and applied similarly in terms of their modulation features [16; 17]. The DDPWM is a very suitable modulation method for high-power systems, as it can control the output current with less switching losses. [PERSON] et al. also proposed one of the carrier-based pulse-width modulation (CB-PWM) techniques for CSIs to reduce the switching harmonics and minimize the common-mode voltage [18]. The others include trapezoidal PWM [19], bi-tri logic SPWM [20; 21], six-step direct PWM (SS-DPWM) [22], and DDPWM previously mentioned in [15]. SS-DPWM does not have as high of a DC current utilization ratio as trapezoidal PWM. However, it has reduced switching losses. There have been other research studies focused on CSI modulation. Instead of at fixed intervals, [PERSON] and [PERSON] suggested a dynamic SVM technique that calculates state on-times iteratively as the reference vector rotates [23]. This method reduced harmonic distortion. The study underlined the benefits of rapid dynamic response and exact control of the current magnitude and phase in CSIs by using SVM, which is essential for high-power applications. In [24], a hybrid modulation technique that combines SVM and synchronous optimal pulse-width modulation (SOPWM) was presented. This hybrid modulation technique is directly applicable to CSIs, with SVM offering better dynamic performance and THD than conventional modulation techniques. However, this technique might introduce additional complexity, and it could cause challenges in practical applications. A study suggested a new modulation technique called Active Zero-State Space Vector Modulation, developed particularly for grid-connected CSIs [25]. This one can lower high-frequency common-mode voltages by at least four times when compared to conventional SVM techniques. While [26] successfully addressed overlap-time issues, their method's computational demands (\(\sim\)15% higher than conventional SVM [2]) limit its use in real-time systems. Likewise, certain studies have proposed a novel modulation technique to remove vector deviation faults happening during the overlap instant in CSIs [27]. The suggested approach reduces these errors while producing low THD. This modulation technique may introduce higher-order harmonics (e.g., 5 th, 7 th) due to discontinuous current paths. Operating under both continuous and discontinuous inductor current conditions, [PERSON] et al. [28] introduced a dual-mode modulation technique for CSIs. Despite claiming implementation simplicity, field tests revealed a steep learning curve for power electronics practitioners [2]. CSIs are appealing for high-power applications due to their inherent benefits, which include a natural voltage boost and short-circuit protection.