## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline
**Joint Motion (\({}^{\circ}\))** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Heel Strike**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Midstance**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Toe Off**} \\ \hline  & \begin{tabular}{c} **Motion** \\ **Capture** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Fluuroscopy** \\ **Capture** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Fluuroscopy** \\ **Capture** \\ \end{tabular} & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Motion** \\ **Capture** \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Fluuroscopy** \\ **Fluuroscopy** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Hindfoot & & & & & \\ Supination/pronation (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \(-8.10\) & \(-3.66\) & \(-4.37\) & \(0.75\) & \(-3.06\) & \(3.65\) \\ Internal/external rotation (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \(2.48\) & \(3.82\) & \(-0.23\) & \(-0.67\) & \(-4.53\) & \(-3.58\) \\ Forefoot & \(19.41\) & \(11.73\) & \(1.45\) & \(3.26\) & \(-10.78\) & \(2.85\) \\ MLA height-to-length ratio & \(-0.01\) & \(-0.01\) & \(0.02\) * & \(0.00\) * & \(0.05\) * & \(0.00\) * \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Comparison of average angle values and normalized MLA height-to-length ratio for heel strike, midstance, and toe off measured with optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. The asterisk indicates a significant difference of \(p<0.05\). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c} \hline \hline
**Joint Motion (\({}^{\circ}\))** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Range**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Maximum–Minimum**} \\ \hline  & **Motion Capture** & **Fluuroscopy** & **Motion Capture** & **Fluuroscopy** \\ \hline Hindfoot & & & & \\ Supination/pronation (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \(15.80\) & \(8.05\) & \((2.43,\,-13.37)\) & \((3.86,\,-4.19)\) \\ Internal/external rotation (\({}^{\circ}\)) & \(13.16\) & \(8.70\) & \((5.93,\,-7.23)\) & \((4.57,\,-4.13)\) \\ Forefoot & \(18.27\) & \(10.18\) & \((14.51,\,-3.76)\) & \((12.07,\,1.89)\) \\ MLA height-to-length ratio & \(0.12\) & \(0.02\) & \((0.09,\,-0.03)\) & \((0.00,\,-0.02)\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Comparison between optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA measurements of intersegmental joint motions over all trials for all subjects. The range, maximum, and minimum values are given in degrees except for the MLA, which is reported as the ratio normalized to 0 in quiet standing. The average amount of hindfoot supination/pronation (Figure 4), hindfoot internal/external rotation (Figure 5), forefoot supination/pronation (Figure 6), and the normalized MLA height-to-length ratio (Figure 7) are all shown at heel strike, midstance, and toe off for optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. In each figure, error bars indicate one standard error above and below the mean. A significant difference of \(p<0.05\) between the two measurement methods is indicated by an asterisk. Figure 4: Average hindfoot supination/pronation at heel strike, midstance, and toe off for optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. A positive angle means more supination than quiet standing. Error bars indicate one standard error above and below the mean. Figure 5: Average hindfoot internal/external rotation at heel strike, midstance, and toe off for optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. A positive angle means more internal rotation than quiet standing. Error bars indicate one standard error above and below the mean. Figure 6: Average forefoot supination/pronation at heel strike, midstance, and toe off for optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. A positive angle means more supination than quiet standing. Error bars indicate one standard error above and below the mean. Figure 7: Average normalized MLA height-to-length ratio at heel strike, midstance, and toe off for optical motion capture and fluoroscopic RSA. A positive ratio means the arch is higher than at quiet standing. Negative means the arch is lower. Error bars indicate one standard error above and below the mean. A significant difference of \(p<0.05\) between the two measurement methods is indicated by an asterisk.