# Novelty in Intelligent Controlled Oscillations in Smart Structures
###### Abstract  
Structural control techniques can be used to protect engineering structures. By computing instantaneous control forces based on the input from the observed reactions and adhering to a strong control strategy, intelligent control in structural engineering can be achieved. In this study, we employed intelligent piezoelectric patches to reduce vibrations in structures. The actuators and sensors were implemented using piezoelectric patches. We reduced structural oscillations by employing sophisticated intelligent control methods. Examples of such control methods include H-infinity and H\({}_{2}\). An advantage of this study is that the results are presented for both static and dynamic loading, as well as for the frequency domain. Oscillation suppression must be achieved over the entire frequency range. In this study, advanced programming was used to solve this problem and complete oscillation suppression was achieved. This study explored in detail the methods and control strategies that can be used to address the problem of oscillations. These techniques have been thoroughly described and analyzed, offering valuable insights into their effective applications. The ability to reduce oscillations has significant implications for applications that extend to various structures and systems such as airplanes, metal bridges, and large metallic structures. v +
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[color=gray!20,][color=gray! growing field driven by the unique properties of piezoelectric materials and their ability to perform precise and responsive control functions [18; 19; 20; 21; 22]. An in-depth analysis of this subject shows that piezoelectric actuators leverage direct and inverse piezoelectric effects, converting electrical energy into mechanical motion, and vice versa. This enables them to function as both sensors and actuators. Piezoelectric actuators can be very small and lightweight, which is beneficial for applications where weight and space are critical, such as in aerospace and medical devices [23; 24; 25; 26; 27]. In this study, piezoelectric materials were used as actuators and sensors. We employed co-localized actuator pairs implanted in laminated composite beams (piezoceramic PZT G-1195N, with a Young's modulus Ep of 6.3 \(\times\) 10\({}^{10}\) N/m\({}^{2}\)) composed of graphite/epoxy, glass/epoxy, and metallic (aluminum) beams. Advanced materials and systems, termed as smart piezoelectric structures, utilize the distinctive characteristics of piezoelectric materials to provide intelligent, adaptive, and frequent self-monitoring capabilities. Piezoelectricity denotes the capacity of a material to generate an electrical charge when subjected to mechanical stress. However, these materials may be distorted when an electric field is applied. The use of smart materials is a key component of vibration suppression in smart structures. Piezoelectric materials are among the most commonly used smart materials. These materials possess a distinctive capability to generate an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress [6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11]. This property enables them to function as actuators and sensors capable of converting mechanical vibrations into electrical signals, and vice versa. Numerous researchers have explored the use of piezoelectric smart structures for suppressing vibrations [7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18]. The integration of piezoelectric actuators and sensors into smart structures has been transformative, offering precise, responsive, and efficient control mechanisms, which have significantly advanced the capabilities of smart engineering structures [14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 28]. This work can make an important contribution to engineers who want to apply new smart materials with appropriate control techniques that can contribute to the reduction in oscillations [6; 7; 29; 30; 31]. In the field of both civil and mechanical engineering, an important problem is the reduction in oscillations created by dynamic loads, such as earthquakes and wind.