## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Materials  
In this paper, the A-90# asphalt and SBS modified asphalt were used as the binder. They were obtained from one of the asphalt productions plants in Jilin Province. The physical properties are presented in Table 1. The basalt fibers with a diameter of 10-13 \(\upmu\)m and a length of 6 mm were provided by Jiuxin Basalt Industry Co, Ltd, Jilin province, and its properties and features are shown in Figure 1 and Table 2. The diatomic was supplied from Changbai Mountain in Jilin province, with a size below 0.075 mm, and its chemical composition is presented in Table 3. Three typical asphalt mixtures were fabricated by using the Superpave gyratory compact according to Standard Test Methods of Bitumen and Bituminous Mixtures for Highway Engineering (JTG E20-2011), with a dense-graded asphalt mixture and the nominal maximum aggregate size of 13 mm, shown in Table 4. The asphalt aggregate rate of AM, DBFAM, and SBSAM was 4.8%, 5.5%, and 4.9%, respectively [29]. The DBFAM contained 0.32 wt.% basalt fibers (relative to mineral mass ratio) and 14 wt.% diatomic (added in substitution to mineral filler) [19].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Properties**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**A-90\# Asphal**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**SBS Modified Asphal**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Standard** & **Value** & **Standard** & **Value** \\ \hline Density (15 \({}^{\circ}\)C, g/cm\({}^{3}\)) & — & 1.016 & — & 1.013 \\ Penetration (25 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 0.1 mm) & 80–100 & 91.6 & 60-80 & 65.1 \\ Softening point T\({}_{\text{R\&B}}\) (\({}^{\circ}\)C) & \(\geq\)45 & 46.9 & \(\geq\)55 & 61.0 \\ Ductility (cm) & \(\geq\)100 (25 \({}^{\circ}\)C) & \(>\)150 & \(\geq\)30 (5 \({}^{\circ}\)C) & 68.5 (5 \({}^{\circ}\)C) \\ Elastic recovery & — & — & \(\geq\)65 & 88 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Mass loss (\%)} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\(\leq\)\(\pm\)0.8} & 0.38 & \(\leq\)\(\pm\)1.0 & 0.22 \\ Residual penetration ratio (25 \({}^{\circ}\)C, \%) & \(\geq\)57 & 73.3 & \(\geq\)60 & 66.9 \\ Ductility (cm) & \(\geq\)20 (15 \({}^{\circ}\)C) & \(>\)120 (15 \({}^{\circ}\)C) & \(\geq\)20 (5 \({}^{\circ}\)C) & 33.2 (5 \({}^{\circ}\)C) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Physical properties of asphalt.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Properties**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Diameter**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Length**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Water**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Combustible**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Tensile**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Modulus of**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Elongation**} \\  & & & & Content (\%) & & & Strength (MPa) & (GPa) & \\ \hline Value & 10–13 & 6 & 0.030 & 0.56 & 2320 & 86.3 & 2.84 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Properties of basalt fibers.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Chemical Composition**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**SiO2**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Al2O3**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Fe2O3**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**CaO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**MgO**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**TiO2**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**K2O**} \\ \hline Proportion (\%) & 85.60 & 4.50 & 1.50 & 0.52 & 0.45 & 0.30 & 0.67 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Diatomic chemical composition.