## 4 Results and Research Findings  
The sample of articles privileged recent works and covered the period between 1998 and 2019 (see Figure 3). Before 2000, only two relevant articles were launched, while 19 articles were published in the first decade of the new millennium, and 50 articles in the second. On average, in the 2000s, 1.9 articles per year were published, whilst in the 2010s, five articles were published per year. The increasing trend of the number of published articles can be understood as an increasing interest in the topic and the emergence of new challenges linked to globalization in the region of Latin America.  
The articles were published in journals from Europe (the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Spain, and Germany), North America (the U.S. and Canada), and Latin-America (Mexico, Colombia, Chile, and Venezuela), so they were written in Spanish and English. The journals mainly came from disciplines such as geography, sociology, economics, and, in general, the social sciences and interdisciplinary approaches. We found more than two articles in these journals: _Ecology and Society_ (three articles, Canada, H Index 119), _European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies_ (six articles, the Netherlands, H Index 74), _Latin American Research Review_ (six articles, the U.S., H Index 42), and _Journal of Latin American Geography_ (seven, the U.S., H Index 17).  
In relation to the localization of the cases treated in the articles, we found that 35 addressed the governance challenges of two or more countries at the same time, 34 worked only on one country, the scope of one article was the world as a whole [77], and three were not located because they discussed a rather theoretical approach [78; 79; 80] (see Figure 4).  
The most frequently addressed Latin-American subregion was the Amazon [81; 82; 83], followed by Central America (Mexico and surroundings), and the Andean region (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile). In fact, as seen in Figure 4, Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador were the countries with more discussed governance challenges in the sample. Additionally, the total sum of articles displayed in the map was larger than 71 (74 articles in total) because three articles had a mixed approach that combined the analysis of a region and of a country [84; 85; 86].  
Finally, Table 1 shows the scales of the unit of analysis used in the articles. Itis worth elaborating more over some of these examples to clarify the notion of the scale of the unit of analysis: [PERSON] discussed fragmentation and cooperation in the global energy governance on a world scale [77], [PERSON] worked on transnational networks of indigenous organization in the context of socio-environmental conflicts on a regional scale [87], [PERSON] and [PERSON] addressed water governance and integral management of  
Figure 3: Number of articles per year. Source: authors.  
water resources in Bolivia at the national scale [88]; and, finally, [PERSON] worked on repertoires of action of Afro-Colombian organizations in the context of the armed conflict in Buenaventura (Colombia) at the subnational scale [89].  
According to the latter result, 35 articles worked on a regional scale (understood as two or more countries in the study), 16 on a national scale (a country treated as a whole), 19 on a subnational scale (one or more territories located in a country), one on a world scale (the world as a whole) and three were not located.