## 3 Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer  
Several authors have studied the application of MIP in natural products. For example, SEM is one of the most common methods for studying the porous structure and shape of MIPs in images. Moreover, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) are used to studies on the surface area through the adsorption of N\({}_{2}\) is the most common method for assessing the surface area and morphology of porous solids. As a result, porous materials with a wide surface area can be employed to immobilize and adsorb analytes. Furthermore, their stability can be determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR). [PERSON] et al. [86] reported the synthesis of MIPs using an anion-exchange mechanism to minimize non-directional ion-ion interactions acids from a natural plant extract of phenolics while reducing other interfering substances that could decrease selectivity during anion exchange. The FT-IR spectra of IAP and IMAP indicated peaks at 1634 cm\({}^{-1}\), which are expected of the imidazolium groups, and at 1730 cm\({}^{-1}\), which are representative of EDGMA's C=O group. Between 3075 and 3090 cm\({}^{-1}\), no significant band indicative of C=CH\({}_{2}\) was found. These results show that the polymers were successfully prepared. SEM and BET were used to analyze the structures of P9 and P18. The monolithic structures were most likely formed from their comparable monolithic column synthesis. Furthermore, P9 and P18 showed sub-porous structures when magnified to 600 nm, and a BET investigation determined their surface areas of 50.7 m\({}^{2}\) g\({}^{-1}\) and 72.4 m\({}^{2}\) g\({}^{-1}\), respectively, with average pore sizes of 50.2 A and 45.6 A, which were attributed to cavity formation by molecular imprinting, effectively increasing the surface area of the ionic liquid-based IMAP as the average pore size decreased. The in situ polymerization reaction was used to synthesize molecularly imprinted silica monolithic (MISM), as reported by [PERSON] et al. [87]. To produce a crack-free and non-fragile structure, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS), gallic acid, and thiourea were utilized as crosslinker, functionalized monomer, template, and precursor, respectively. After removing the template, the FT-IR spectra of the molecularly imprinted silica and non-imprinted silica monolithic were analyzed. Due to the sol-gels' high water adsorption capacity, a large absorption band at 3300 cm\({}^{-1}\) was determined, of which was related to OH stretching and represented the adsorbed water on/into the monolithic silica structure. At 783 and 1456 cm\({}^{-1}\), weak absorption asymmetric stretching bands of C=S were observed. The absorption band at 475 corresponded to the N=C=N rocking mode. The silicate groups (Si-O) overlapping with the C=S stretching vibrations contributed to the band at 1089 cm\({}^{-1}\). The peak for the N-H group was identified at approximately 3369 cm\({}^{-1}\), while the peak for the Si-OH group was observed at approximately 970 cm\({}^{-1}\). The primary band spectra of the imprinted monolithic and non-imprinted monolithic had the same position and appearance due to the removal of the template from the sol-gel structure. Under optimum preparation conditions, the morphology of MISM was characterized by SEM, which showed that it possesses a porous and permeable structure with a large