# Color Harmonization, Deharmonization and Balancing in Augmented Reality
## 4 Case Studies
### Results
#### 4.1.1 Porcelain Design Objects  
The first case study deals with the recoloring of two different types of porcelain design objects. In particular, in the first case, a porcelain owl family placed on a table in an office room has been considered, while in the second case, a porcelain rabbit family was positioned on living-room furniture. In the recoloring of these objects has been considered the need to make them more visually pleasing when they blended with real objects. All templates have been combined with the three proposed approaches to obtain different results. Figure 5 depicts the color schemes and the generated color palettes at the end of experiments about the recoloring of the porcelain owl family.  
Considering the harmonic approach, it is possible to observe how the templates are oriented to fit the distribution of the colors of the real background. The real distribution is ranged by a region on the hue wheel close to red and oranges hues. The covered area percentage (CA) varies between a minimum value of 39% (template i) and a maximum value of 95.8% (template X). In the case of the disharmonic approach, the orientation of the templates is such as to maximize the distance among sectors of the specific template and the distribution of the real colors.  
The minimum value of the CA is reached by applying the template i with a value of 2%, while the maximum value 14.2% is relative to the template X. By adopting the third approach, one sector of the harmonic scheme is brought closer to the real distribution, while the second sector is far from it, and it is used to generate the palette of colors. In this case, the maximum and minimum values are equal to 11.2% (template I) and 44.5% (template X), respectively. In Table 1, percentages of covered areas by the selected template are reported for each experiment.  
Figure 6 shows the porcelain owl family placed on a desk close to two other real objects with different colors. Three colors were extracted from the palette and assigned to the virtual objects by which the porcelain owl family is composed. When the harmonic approach is used for recoloring objects, the extracted colors are close to the real ones. In particular, the application of i and I templates produces colors very similar to each other (i.e., shades of brown). On the contrary, V, L, Y, and X templates generate colors closer to brown and dark yellow hues. Template T generates shades of brown and green.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **i** & **V** & **T** & **L** & **I** & **Y** & **X** \\ \hline
**HARMONIC** & 39\% & 83.3\% & 86.6\% & 67.5\% & 42\% & 62.7\% & 95.8\% \\
**DISHARMONIC** & 2\% & 5.7\% & 10.6\% & 4.8\% & 2.5\% & 9.9\% & 14.2\% \\
**BALANCE** & - & - & - & 17.5\% & 11.2\% & 26.9\% & 44.5\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Covered areas for each experiment related to the porcelain owl family.  
Figure 5: Color schemes and color palettes related to the porcelain owl family.  
Different from the harmonic approach, the application of the disharmonic strategy produces discordant colors with respect to the real background. Blue, violet, and green colors are generated and applied to the virtual objects. By using the last approach, instead, L and I templates generates shades of blue and violet. By applying the Y template, instead, shades of light blue are obtained. The adoption of the X template proposes blue color and shades of violet. As previously mentioned, it has been also considered the recoloring of a porcelain rabbit family placed on a living-room furniture. Figure 7 depicts an example of the recolored virtual objects obtained by applying the Y template and the three proposed strategies.  
Figure 6: Recolored porcelain owl family by applying all templates and the three strategies.  
As it can be noted, virtual objects are recolored by considering a different background and achieving results that are consistent with the previous ones. High-resolution images about these visual examples can be found in the Supplementary Materials.