## 1 Introduction
Some pipelines are equipped with a cathodic protection system (CPS) that needs to be inspected regularly to prevent corrosion [9]. However, many types of pipelines are used, and it is difficult to measure pipeline data comprehensively and accurately with a single inspection approach [10]. Pipeline safety is a critical issue; Ref. [11] indicated that more than 96% of ground-level moving pipeline accidents are caused by slope hazards, which can result in serious loss of life and property. For safety and organization, Internet of Things and wireless sensing technology are used in the detection application of oil and gas pipeline transportation [12; 13]. In addition, the sustainable transportation of oil and gas is an important research direction [14]. Various effective technologies have been exploited to study the industrial and liquid terminals, focusing on optimal scheduling [15; 16; 17] to enhance transportation safety in port environments and across long-distance liquid cargo pipelines. However, research on the optimal scheduling of internal pipelines within liquid terminals remains limited. In this study, the problem of pipeline path issues from vessels to storage tanks for liquid terminal unloading operations (PAVP) is focused. The objective is to develop an efficient \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Region** & **2020** & **2021** & **2022** & **2023** & **2024** & **2025** & **2026** & **2027** & **2028** \\ \hline North America & 22.1 & 23.9 & 24.6 & 24.7 & 24.5 & 24.3 & 24.0 & 23.8 & 23.5 \\ S\&C America & 5.8 & 6.4 & 6.6 & 6.7 & 6.8 & 6.9 & 7.0 & 7.1 & 7.2 \\ Europe & 13.7 & 14.5 & 14.9 & 14.9 & 14.8 & 14.7 & 14.6 & 14.5 & 14.3 \\ Africa & 3.8 & 4.0 & 4.2 & 4.3 & 4.4 & 4.5 & 4.6 & 4.7 & 4.8 \\ Middle East & 8.1 & 8.5 & 9.0 & 9.2 & 9.3 & 9.4 & 9.6 & 9.7 & 9.8 \\ Eurasia & 4.2 & 4.5 & 4.6 & 4.6 & 4.6 & 4.6 & 4.7 & 4.7 & 4.7 \\ Asia Pacific & 34.0 & 35.7 & 35.8 & 37.8 & 38.8 & 39.7 & 40.3 & 40.9 & 41.3 \\ World & 91.7 & 97.5 & 99.8 & 102.3 & 103.1 & 104.1 & 104.8 & 105.3 & 105.7 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Global oil demand for combustible fossil fuels from 2020 to 2028.  
dual-objective scheduling methodology for the PAVP. The principal research contributions of this study are generalized below:  
1. PAVP is proposed, highlighting the scarcity of research on internal scheduling issues at liquid ports, which primarily focus on export and import operations. 2. A dual-objective model for the PAVP is formulated, aiming to minimize the total cost of handling within the port and the overall vessel time at the port, while ensuring operational safety. 3. An improved NSGA-II-Dijkstra (INIIDA) is proposed to address the PAVP. This hybrid algorithm integrates NSGA-II with [PERSON]'s algorithm to solve the PAVP. Then the hybrid algorithm is ameliorated by the adaptive dynamic probability based on the Pareto level and heaps in the shortest path, making the algorithm adaptable to the PAVP. The construction of this article is as follows: in Section 2, a literature review of previous work is presented. In Section 3, a dual-objective mathematical model of the PAVP is formulated. In Section 4, the NSGA-II-Dijkstra is described and the proposed INIIDA is detailed, including specific enhancements. In Section 5, the experimental study and comparison results are conducted. In Section 6, the conclusions and future research directions are introduced.