## 5 Conclusions  
In this paper, a novel method for natural ventilation capacity assessment in urban areas was presented using average yearly data for multiple wind directions. This enabled automation and color-coding of the surfaces areas of urban blocks that have problems with ventilation and visualization on a single 3D model for most of the annual data. To our knowledge, this problem has not been considered by other researchers. The proposed method consists of a four-step process: location data interpretation, CFD simulation, synthesis of the results, and visualization. Location data were used for building creation  
Figure 21: Static pressure measured for absolute values below 0.3 Pa. The illustrations show yearly averages similar to the principle used for velocities described in Sections 3.2 and 3.4. Urban blocks labeled with letters: (**a**) one-family residential buildings; (**b**) traditional; (**c**) multiple towers; (**d**) slab city block; (**e**) U-shaped; (**f**) perimeter dense block; (**g**) one tower; (**h**) hybrid block.  
and wind direction and velocity data interpretation. Buildings were 3D modeled without a roof. Simulations were conducted for eight main wind directions for the location. These simulations were synthesized by an algorithm that labeled stagnant air areas near the surfaces of the buildings. Results were represented in 3D form and as graphs.  
The method was used for the analysis of eight different urban building morphologies from the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The weather data were obtained from reliable sources. The results show that natural ventilation can be influenced significantly by urban morphology. Urban block types such as the one-tower block type showed the best results, and the worst results were obtained for traditional urban blocks from old city centers. The best results show that all of the vertical surfaces of the block are suitable for windows if the object is naturally ventilated.  
The findings from this study make an important contribution to the field of CFD simulation of urban environments, providing solutions for natural ventilation analysis of urban blocks by analyzing multiple wind direction conditions. The results are represented in an easy-to-read format for urban block evaluation.  
Our procedure can be augmented in a number of ways. First, the surrounding blocks can have a great impact on the results of CFD simulations. Our tests were conducted in order to compare the results. For studying real-world urban blocks, the surrounding geometry is necessary for better results. Second, trees were not part of the 3D model, and their influence on wind flow is well-established in the literature. Third, different turbulence models could be used for the analysis. Large-eddy simulation (LES) is considered a higher accuracy model than RANS, which was used in this study. Further, the system can be directly implemented in software solutions where most of the processes would be automated. This could help experts from the field of urban design in making better decisions.  
Conceptualization, A.P. and M.L.; methodology, A.P. and I.P.; software, M.L. and A.P.; validation, M.L.; investigation, resources, data curation, and visualization, M.L. and A.P.; writing--original draft preparation, M.L.; writing--review and editing, A.P. and I.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
Our algorithm and data can be publicly accessed [42].  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.