# Non-Waste Technology for Utilization of Tree Branches
###### Abstract
This should be conducted periodically or in case of the deterioration in the chopper's operation after the formation of chips on the knives, which negatively affects the cutting quality. The delivery tray of the chopper is designed to load the material that needs to be chopped. Some models of choppers are made with an inclined receiving chamber in order to load the material more easily. The chopped material is discharged through the outlet. Some choppers are equipped with a container for chopped material: Wolf-Garden SDL2500 EVO; Sadko GS 2800; AL-KO LH 2800 Easy Crush. Wheels are needed for the easy transportation of the chopper around the plot. Branch choppers can have either an electric or gasoline engine. Electric ones have an engine power of 1.6 to 3 kW and can chop branches with a diameter of no more than 5 cm. The distinctive features of the electric choppers are: low noise during operation; relatively low price; easy maintenance; and powerful motors. The advantages of this class of choppers include: compact design; light weight; cost-effectiveness; and no need to refuel with gasoline. However, the mentioned class of choppers also has disadvantages: the need to connect it to the power grid using long power cables; the limited diameter of loading branches that is up to 3 cm; and low productivity. This line includes branch choppers with disc cutting systems, see Figure 4.  
The middle class of choppers is equipped with engines with a power of 2 to 2.5 kW. The knife system is a steel roller with a spiral cutting mechanism. Its weight is greater than the weight of choppers in the amateur class. It is within 30 kg. These choppers cope well with the chopping of the grass and branches. They are used in both small and large gardens with mature trees. All choppers of this class are equipped with a self-pulling function and chop the branches up to 3.5 cm in diameter. All models are equipped with special wheels for easy movement. The middle class includes the branch chopper of the manufacturer AL-KO, the model LH 2810 Easy Crush, see Figure 5. The advantages of this class of choppers include: compact design; cost-effectiveness; increased productivity; and there is no need to fill it up with gasoline. Figure 4: Branch chopper with a disc cutting system. However, the above-mentioned class of choppers also has disadvantages: the plastic body of the machine; the need to connect to the power grid using long power cables; and the limited diameter of loaded branches up to 4 cm [10]. The professional class of branch choppers is presented by our own development. It is a model of a small mobile biomass shredder equipped with a Weima WM168F gasoline engine with a power of 6.5 hp, a working volume of 196.00 cubic cm, and fuel consumption only 395 g/h of gasoline A-92, see Figure 6[11]. The productivity of this wood chipper is a maximum of 2.0 cubic meters of the finished product per hour of work. Figure 5: Branch chopper AL-KO LH 2810 Easy Crush (middle class). Figure 2.0 Small mobile biomass shredder. The wood chipper cuts branches, vines, and other wood wastes into the technological chips of 5.50 mm in size. The maximum diameter of branches is 60 mm, depending on the tree species and the humidity. The finished wood chips are fed through the outlet nozzle under pressure. The wood chipper is equipped with wheels for easy mobility around the territory. Its main application is in large households and large orchards with mature trees. They can also be used by public utilities that have to carry out tree trimming work in the city to clean up the effects of hurricanes [12]. The advantages of the design are the mobility and the use of its own engine. The main difference in this wood chipper is the principle of its operation. The working body is a disc, on which three knives are located for the entire length of the disc. The disc rotates at a speed of about 2500 rpm. It creates the necessary air pressure in order to feed the wood chips through the discharge nozzle.