## 3 Results
### Year 2021 Optimization of the Irrigation Water Volume for Each Clone
#### 3.2.4 Berry and Must Quality Parameters and Oenological Potential
Thus, more productive and vigorous clones, such as clone 4, showed the highest alcohol content, but lower pH, color intensity, total anthocyanins and tannins, and a higher CIElab parameter L\({}^{\star}\) compared to other clones. Other productive clones, such as clone 188, showed the highest pH and total anthocyanins, while clone 94 showed the lowest alcohol degree and CIElab parameter b\({}^{\star}\), and the highest concentration of some amino acids (Tyr, Met, Val, Ile, Leu, and Phe) (Table 12). In contrast, a moderate/low-vigor and productive clone such as 372 gave the highest color intensity, a\({}^{\star}\), and total tannins (Table 12). In addition, the concentrations of several individual derivatives of anthocyanins and flavonoids were the highest in wines from clone 372 (quercetin 3-galactosidase) and clone 4 (quercetin 3 glucoside + glucuronide, myricetin 3 glucoside + glucuronide). Conversely, concentrations were the lowest in 94 wines (Table 12). Mineral composition of wines also gave significant differences among clones, with clone 188 showing the highest K and the lowest Fe and Cu contents, clone 372 presenting the highest P and Na and the lowest Mg contents, and clone 4 with the highest concentration of Ca, Fe, Na, Mn, and Zn (Table S5). The analysis of volatile aromatic compounds (VOCs) in wines revealed that alcohols and esters were the major groups in terms of the number and concentration of aromatic compounds, followed by volatile fatty acids, terpen, and norisoprenoids (Table 13). Wines from clone 372 had the highest concentrations of total aromatic compounds, mainly alcohols (2-methyl 1-propanol) and esters (ethyl acetate). Clone 4 also accumulated a high concentration of VOCs (1-propanol, 1-hexanol, ethyl octanoate, 3-methyl tio 1-propanol, nerolidol, octanoic acid) compared to other clones. On the other hand, wines derived from clone 188 had the lowest total concentration of aromatic compounds, with a lower concentration of alcohols (2-methyl 1-propanol, 3-methyl 1-butanol, 1-hexanol) and a higher concentration of some esters (ethyl octanoate, ethyl dodecanoate, ethyl hexadecanoate), volatile fatty acids (decanoic acid hexanoic acid), terpen (linalool, citronellol), and norisoprenoids (\(\beta\)-damascenone) compared to the rest of the clones (Table 13). Of the 17 odor-active volatile compounds described for Monastrell wines that can have a significant contribution to the Monastrell red wines aroma, 8 compounds were found in these wines (1-hexanol, 1-propanol, 2-phenylethanol, linalool, nerolidol, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl acetate), all of them above odor thresholds values. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameter** & **4** & **94** & **188** & **276** & **372** & **ANOVA** \\ \hline
**Technological parameters** & & & & & \\ Alcohol degree (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 12.45c & 10.9a & 11.25 ab & 11.2 ab & 11.55b & *** \\ pH\({}^{\star}\) & 3.32a & 3.44b & 3.57d & 3.56d & 3.48c & *** \\ Glycerol (mg L\({}^{-1}\)) & 9079 & 9630 & 8791 & 11015 & 10615 & HS \\ \hline
**Chromatic characteristics** & & & & & \\ Colour intensity & 3.66a & 3.99c & 4.02c & 3.8b & 4.16d & *** \\ L\({}^{\star}\) & 50.54 & 49.1b & 48.8a & 49.3c & 48.7a & *** \\ Total phenol index (TP) & 26.70 & 24.90 & 25.81 & 25.95 & 29.48 & HS \\ Total Anthocyan (mg L\({}^{-1}\)) & 55.7a & 58.3 abc & 62.5c & 56.5 ab & 61.4 bc & ** \\ Antioxidant activity & 13.75 & 13.20 & 14.49 & 16.36 & 14.63 & HS \\ (mM trolov) & & & & & \\ Total tannins & 970a & 1007 ab & 1101 bc & 1092b & 1190c & *** \\ (mg catequin L\({}^{-1}\)) & & & & & \\ Anth./fan. ratio & 0.058b & 0.058b & 0.057b & 0.052a & 0.052a & *** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 12: Average values of chemical parameters, chromatic characteristics, and phenolic and aminoacidic composition of wines at the end of the malolactic fermentation for clones 372, 276, 188, 94, and 4 (under control conditions) in 2021.