# A Review of Worldwide Strategies for Promoting High-Temperature Heat Pumps
## 4 The Promotion of IHPs over the World
### Usa
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Promotion Programs** & **Characteristics** & **Investment** & **Reference** \\ \hline Initiative for Better Energy, Emissions, and Equity (E3 Initiative), strengthened by the Residential Cold Climate Heat Pumps Technology Challenge & It encourages the use of HPs in cold climates & - & [107] \\ \hline USA–Japan Climate Partnership & It consists of three pillars: implementation of the Paris Agreement; development of, deployment of, and innovation in clean energy technologies; support decarbonization actions in other countries, especially in the Indo-Pacific area & - & [92] \\ \hline Installing Clean Efficiency Energy Hasters Our Transition (ICEE) Act & It provides discounts for distributors and manufacturers of HPs, HP water heaters, and HP clothes dryers made in the USA, incentivizing the production of these energy-efficient appliances & - & [108] \\ \hline Heating Efficiency and Affordability through Tax Relief (HEATR) & It provides tax incentives to manufacturers to increase HP production & - & [109] \\ \hline Defense Production Act Invocation including HPs & The main target is to enhance key technology manufacturing, including HPs & - & [110] \\ \hline Inflation Reduction Act & It supports energy efficiency and RES technology adoption & - & [111] \\ \hline New Efficiency Rating for AC and HPs & It defines a new efficiency rating for AC and HP systems & - & [112] \\ \hline The Industrial Decarbonization Roadmap & It offers guidelines to follow to decarbonize industry, based on four pillars: energy efficiency; industrial electrification; low-carbon fuels, feedstocks, and energy systems; CCUS & - & [115] \\ \hline The DOE’s Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization Office & It gives funds to projects that aim to reduce the industrial carbon footprint & - & [116] \\ \hline The Technologies for Industrial Emission Reduction Development (TIEReD) and the Industrial Demonstration Program & They are tools to invest in transformative technologies, boosting their development and deployment in the industrial sector & USD 135 million & [119] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
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Table 7: Regulations and initiatives to boost the development of decarbonizing technologies both in the residential and in the industrial sector in the USA. Self-elaboration based on [91,106,107,108,119]. The global promotion of HTHPs showcases both shared objectives and diverse strategies, shaped by regional priorities, energy landscapes, and industrial demands. Generally, most countries recognize the crucial role of HTHPs in decarbonizing industry and lowering energy costs. However, the intensity of support, focus on specific sectors, and mechanisms for promoting these technologies vary significantly. A notable commonality among many countries, including Australia, Japan, and the EU, is the acknowledgment of the necessity for industrial decarbonization. All these regions understand the importance of transitioning high-emission industries, such as steel manufacturing, chemicals, and cement production, to cleaner alternatives like HTHPs. This need is particularly urgent in energy-intensive sectors that require substantial high-temperature heat. As a result, these regions are aligning their energy policies to facilitate this transition by supporting R&D, funding innovative projects, and promoting energy-efficient technologies through specific incentives. While the overarching goals are similar, the support mechanisms differ. Australia, for instance, has adopted a targeted, programmatic approach by funding industry-specific innovations and providing tools such as the Heat Pump Estimator, which helps businesses replace conventional gas boilers with heat pumps. In contrast, Japan has developed a robust ecosystem for HTHPs, characterized by substantial government support for R&D and the promotion of private industry innovation.