## 1 Introduction  
The risk of terrorist attacks along the Belt and Road Initiative route is relatively high, making it necessary for a large number of infrastructures in Belt and Road areas to be built with sufficient structural resistance to explosions and high temperatures. Concurrently, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, fires and explosions caused by flammable and explosive materials are more frequent, and under the combined action of fires and explosions, building structures are at high risk and may be damaged or even collapse, causing a significant number of casualties and huge economic losses [1]. Reactive powder concrete (RPC) was developed by the French Bouygues company in 1993 [2], and it is a new type of construction material. In the RPC preparation process, quartz sand is used instead of coarse aggregate in normal concrete and mixed with highly active mineral admixtures such as silica fume, mineral powder, and a certain proportion of fibers. RPC, as a kind of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) [3], has the advantages of high strength and good durability, etc. RPC is one of the main development directions of green building materials. It is now widely used for roads and bridges, high-rise buildings, and other important areas. Both fire and explosion loads can have a significant impact on RPC columns. [PERSON] et al. [4] conducted dynamic direct tensile tests on steel fiber-reinforced RPC with pre-determined strain rates higher than 100 s\({}^{-1}\) using a split-Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB) device. Moreover, the relationship between dynamic direct tensile performance, steel fiber proportion, and strain rate was quantified, and corresponding empirical formulas were obtained. [PERSON] et al. [5,6] optimized 35 mixing ratios and curing conditions and developed activated powder concrete with compressive strength up to 250 MPa. Based on the equivalent single degree of freedom method and the P-I curve, the dynamic response of the RPC column was studied, and the influence of key parameters such as length-to-slenderness ratio, cross-section size, axial pressure ratio, and other key parameters on the anti-knock performance of an RPC column was determined. [PERSON] et al. [7] analyzed the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns under different explosion intensities, studied the loss of the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns under the impact of the explosion, and proposed a performance design method for reinforced concrete columns based on the loss of bearing capacity. [PERSON] et al. [8] used an equivalent multiple degrees of freedom (MDOF) method and the rigid-ideal plastic-locked (RPPL) model to develop an analysis model for the displacement and energy characterization of multilayered aluminum foam-protected RC (MF-RC) panels and found that the multilayered aluminum foam, which demonstrates greater energy absorption, caused greater damage to the RC panels, thus revealing the limitations of this energy assessment methodology. [PERSON] et al. [9] argued that structural components such as reinforced concrete (RC) wall plates are subjected to relatively high blast loads and studied such wall plates with varying thicknesses subjected to post-blast fire (PBF) scenarios. [PERSON] et al. [10] analyzed the dynamic response characteristics and damage process of CFRP-reinforced RC columns under blast loading based on the fine-scale analysis method of strength at the interface between CFRP and concrete and the contact algorithm in LS-DYNA. [PERSON] et al. [11] investigated the effects of reinforcement form, loading intensity, and fire conditions on the fire resistance of prefabricated concrete columns and found that such columns reinforced with clustered reinforcing steel bars have higher fire resistance than columns reinforced with large-diameter reinforcement.