# Waste Reduction Methods Used in Construction Companies with Regards to Selected Building Products
## 5 Discussion of Results  
The classification of waste reduction methods in terms of the frequency of their use, in relation to the five groups of building products, made it possible to determine how often individual methods are used in construction companies. It can be seen that more attention is focused on construction products such as concrete, steel, and wood and less on masonry and finishing products. This is due to the fact that concrete, steel, and wood products are bigger and more costly than masonry and finishing products. This is evident in the number and type of used waste reduction methods and their frequency of use. Thus, among the 13 analyzed methods of reducing waste, in the groups of products of steel, concrete, and wood, the following methods are very often (in over 71% of companies) used: (7) site security, (5) proper transport and unloading, (3) waste management training for employees, (10) adequate storage, and (12) the timely delivery of products. In these groups of products, the following reduction methods are often (from 42% to 71% of companies) used: (4) use of monitoring systems, (6) appropriate involvement of subcontractors, (9) waste segregation at the construction site, and (10) allocation of a place for waste segregation. In turn, (8) the use of prefabricated elements was rarely (less than 42% of companies) used. Methods such as: (1) adequate storage, (2) ordering products as per size and in the right quantity, (12) the timely delivery of products, (11) reuse of products, and (13) having a waste management plan are used with varying degrees of intensity, which results from the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{113.8 pt} p{284.5 pt}} \hline \hline
**Building Product** & **Waste Reduction Methods** \\ \hline Steel & (4) use of monitoring systems, (6) involvement of subcontractors, (8) use of prefabricated elements \\ \hline Concrete & (4) use of monitoring systems and (11) reuse of products within the construction \\ \hline Masonry products & (1) adequate storage, (3) training of employees in waste management, (4) use of monitoring systems, (5) proper transport and storage, (6) involvement of subcontractors, (8) use of prefabricated elements, (11) reuse of products within the construction \\ \hline Finishing products & (1) adequate storage, (4) use of monitoring systems, (8) use of prefabricated elements, (11) reuse of products within the construction \\ \hline Timber & (1) adequate storage, (4) use of monitoring systems, (6) involvement of subcontractors, (8) use of prefabricated elements, (11) reuse of products within the construction \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Statistically significant relationships between the frequency of construction waste reduction methods usage in relation to five groups of construction products and the size of a company. Figure 6: (**a**) Graph illustrating the frequency of using the “Use of monitoring systems” method in companies of various sizes. (**b**) Graph illustrating the frequency of using the “Timely delivery of products” method in companies of various sizes. specificity of the product. For example, in the case of wood, (11) \"reusing of products\" is very often used, and in the case of concrete (including a concrete mix and precast elements) it is (12) \"timely delivery\" that is very common. In the case of masonry products, as well as ceramic and stone tiles, two methods are very often used, namely, (7) site security and (5) proper transport and unloading. In turn, the following methods are often used: (10) adequate storage, (2) ordering products as per size and in the right quantity, (3) training of employees in waste management, (4) use of monitoring systems, (6) appropriate involvement of subcontractors, and (12) delivery of products in a timely manner. However, methods such as (8) use of prefabricated elements, (9) waste segregation on site, (10) designation of a place for waste segregation, (11) reuse of products on site, and (13) having a waste management plan are rarely used.