# Experimental Research on Unit Operation for Fruit Crops' Bones Calibration
## 3 Results and Discussion
\right\}\text{; }R_{almonds}\ =\left\{ \begin{array}{l}0.581\\ -1\\ -1\end{array} \right\}\text{. }\]  
Substituting these values into the regression Equations (4), (6)-(8), we obtain the values of the optimization criteria at the minimum point:  
* for cherries \(Y_{\text{mincherry}}=6.12\);
* for plum cherries \(Y_{\text{milphum\ cherry}}=3.32\);
* for apricots \(Y_{\text{minurirot}}\ =4.84\);
* for almonds \(Y_{\text{minulmonds}}\ =19.22\). Calculations to determine the optimal values of the optimization parameters according to Equations (4)-(8) were carried out using the computer algebra system \"Mathcad\". Decoding certain factors have been considered:  
\[X_{1}=\frac{n-n_{\text{mean}}}{\lambda_{n}}\text{;}X_{2}=\frac{A-A_{\text{ mean}}}{\lambda_{A}}\text{;}X_{3}=\frac{\beta-\beta_{\text{mean}}}{\lambda_{ \beta}}\text{,}\]  
where \(n_{\text{mean}}\), \(A_{\text{mean}}\), \(\beta_{\text{mean}}\) --the mean values of the frequency parameters, the oscillation amplitude and the slope angle of the sieves at the basic level of variation (Table 2);  
\(\lambda_{n},\lambda_{A},\lambda_{\beta}\)- are the intervals of variation in the parameters of the oscillation frequency, the amplitude of oscillations and the slope angle (Table 2). Then, the regression Equations (4)-(8) can be written in the decoded form:  
\[ \begin{array}{l}F(n;A;\beta)_{churry}=421.432-1.7n-12.21A-5.514a+\\ +0.0131 na+0.3096 Aa+0.0018n^{2}+0.81A^{2}+0.005648\ nA\end{array}  \tag{10}\]  
\[ \begin{array}{l}F(n;A;\beta)_{sweet\ cherry}=388.2879-1.1342n-18.8506A-\\ -32.0578a+0.0163 na+0.3677 Aa+0.0009n^{2}+1.7161a^{2}+0.0535n\ A\end{array}  \tag{11}\]  
\[ \begin{array}{l}F(n;A;\beta)_{plum\ cherry}=1385.645-6.3663n+9.009A-\\ -16.2298a+0.0067n^{2}-2.034A^{2}+0.413a^{2}+0.0565 nA+0.0348n\alpha\\ -5.6395a-0.0008n^{2}-0.4622A^{2}+0.1823a^{2}+0.4855 aA\end{array}  \tag{13}\]  
\[ \begin{array}{l}F(n;A;\beta)_{\text{almonds}}=909.1113-3.883n-26.337A-\\ -7.5121a+0.00503n^{2}+1.335A^{2}+0.4325a^{2}-0.0212 na+1.1422A\alpha\end{array}  \tag{14}\]  
The calculations for determining the optimum values of the optimization parameters according to Equations (10)-(14) were performed using the Mathematica-5 computer software and MathCad software. The response surfaces were constructed, their appearance was determined, and two-dimensional sections were analyzed according to the variation factors [31]. Analyzing the response surfaces, we determined the optimal values of parameters and modes of laboratory installation for the calibration of fruit bones, which are shown in Table 4.  
The clogging process of sieve openings has been estimated. The coefficient of efficiency of the live section \(G\)--the ratio of the number of free of stuck bones to the total number of openings--has been taken as an indicator of the quality of the cleaning operation [28]. The cleaners of the type under consideration had a reflective surface made of rods with a diameter of \(d_{0}\) = 3 mm in increments of \(t\) = 23 mm, and were divided into cells with dimensions of 125 \(\times\) 209 mm, which contained 3-4 rubber balls with a diameter of \(D\) = 33 mm. As a result of oscillations of the unit sieves, part of the ball periodically moves in the space under the sieve. Moreover, the movement of the ball is random due to the influence of a large number of factors. It was established that the angle of inclination of the sieves has a negligible effect on the clogging of the holes, so it was not considered in the research. The frequency of oscillations of the sieves part has a significant effect on the coefficient of efficiency of the live section: when it increases, there is a decrease in the number of clogged holes. To a greater extent, the amplitude of the vibrations of the grating part affects the coefficient of efficiency of the live section: the larger it is, the fewer stuck seeds there are. However, if these indicators exceed the received optimal operating modes of the installation, the required separation quality is not ensured.