# Anthropological Comparative Analysis of CCTV Footage in a 3D Virtual Environment
## 4 Discussion
### Measuring Error Analysis  
In the process of the 3D reconstruction of objects from their images, errors can be made that affect the final result. The main ones are shown in the diagram below (Figure 23) and described later in this section. Figure 23: Factors that may generate a measurement error. 4.10.1. 3D Scan/Measurement of Reference Objects  
If the scan is not performed with a scanner with its own scale measurement algorithm, care should be taken to ensure that the reference measurements on the markers are correct. This affects the scaled 3D scan and the final effect of the reconstruction. 4.10.2. Reconstruction of a Virtual Camera  
An incorrectly reconstructed camera may affect the final size of the 3D scene. This is a critical stage of reconstruction, so all possible data should be used, such as camera data; if there is physical access to it, then construct distortion charts, and then visually verify the compatibility of the 3D scene elements from the scan with the image taken using the reconstructed camera. 4.10.3. Location of the 3D Silhouette in the Frame/Pose  
Positioning, animating, and determining the length of the limbs is a manual process. This is performed by the animator based on the placed image of the character; hence, the measurement error may result at this point from the individual assessment of the graphic material. The figure shows the ranges in exemplary measurement errors in the real scale of the 3D scene to visualize the dependence of an incorrect selection of limb sizes. 4.10.4. The Correctness of the 3D Silhouette--Rigg  
If only the research material allows for it, it is essential to verify the proportions of the created 3D silhouette in at least a few poses, including shots of the comparative material, as one image can provide an incorrect assessment of the location of the limbs in space. The result may still be the correct figure in terms of scale and dimensions, but the proportions of the reproduced figure may be distorted. 4.10.5. Reading Measurements on Flat Drawings  
Finally, prepared flat charts, providing isometric views of the figures, can also be misread and interpreted; hence, every researcher using this study should become familiar with the rules of reading the linear scale. The authors of the study, on the other hand, should avoid errors in applying linear scale metrics or measurement grids on the study's boards. 4.11. Additional/Other Notes  
Similarly, an unlimited amount of comparative material can theoretically be analyzed. Virtually any images or real objects can be combined. However, at the current stage, the methodology is a conglomerate of several different techniques, uses different computer applications, and leaves a large field of work burdened with the subjectivity of the animator. The authors undertook preliminary work on the creation of a computer application that could combine the considered algorithms and constitute an integral tool for exactly this type of analysis, and the extraction of selected 3D models for the purposes of subsequent analyses. When interpreting the results of the correlation test, it should be kept in mind that the analysis, in terms of the process, is exclusionary in the absence of correlations between the comparative material and the evidence. However, if a correlation is shown, the above does not necessarily mean that the suspect is the perpetrator, but only indicates a high probability of analogy in the structure and size of the body of the perpetrator and the suspect. 5. Conclusions  
CCTV camera recordings are potentially a useful and effective material for medico-legal and forensic assessments. The analysis in the 3D environment allows for determining the anthropometric features of people captured on the recorded visual material, taking into account their height, body build, relative proportions of the limbs and trunk, sized pelvic and shoulder girdles, and the geometry of the head, face, and feet.