## 4 Glyphosate and AMPA in Foods
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline
**Country** & **Food Product** & \begin{tabular}{c} **Number of** \\ **Samples** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Detection** \\ **Frequency (\%)** \\ **GLYP/AMPA** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **Glyphosate** \\ **Range (ug/kg)** \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} **AMPA Range** \\ **(ug/kg)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Ref.** \\ \hline Canada & Honey & 200 & 98.5 & 1-49.8 & NR & [59] \\ \hline Switzerland & Honey & 16 & 93.8 & \textless{}1–15.9 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Estonia & Honey & 33 & 12.1 & 9–62 & NR & [61] \\ \hline Estonia & Honey & 140 & 18 & 70 & NR & [62] \\ \hline USA & Honey & 85 & 28.2 & 15–342 & NR & [63] \\ \hline Brazil & Honey & 40 & 100 & 40 & 40 & [64] \\ \hline Mexico & Pollen & 120 & 100 & 3.71–7.29 & NR & [65] \\ \hline Switzerland & Fruit juice & 11 & 100/18 & 1.6–1.9 & 0.2–0.6 & [60] \\ \hline Canada & Juice concentrates & 42 & NI & 4.2–38 & NR & [6] \\ \hline USA & \begin{tabular}{c} Frozen vegetables, fruit \\ juice, baby fruit pure \\ \end{tabular} & 83 & 15–18 & 3–10 & NR & [66] \\ \hline Spain & Vegetables & 221 & NI & NI & NR & [67] \\ \hline Switzerland & Breakfast cereal & 10 & 80/30 & \textless{}1–291 & 2.5-10 & [60] \\ \hline Switzerland & Wheat snacks & 11 & 36.4 & \textless{}1–421 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Switzerland & Bread & 10 & 70 & \textless{}1–45.8 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Switzerland & Wheat flower & 28 & 28.6 & \textless{}1–133 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Switzerland & Pseudo cereals & 3 & ND & \textless{}1 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Italy & Wheat seed & 1 & 100 & 243,000 & NR & [68] \\ \hline France & Breakfast cereal & 2 & 100 & 6–34 & NR & [69] \\ \hline Lebanon & Bread and wheat flour & 164 & 80 and 100 & 14–52 & NR & [70] \\ \hline Australia & Wheat flour & 26 & 100 & \textless{}10 & NR & [71] \\ \hline USA & Out products & 310 & 100 & 0.04–1.1 & NR & [72] \\ \hline South Africa & Soy milk & 8 & 100 & 32–142 & NR & [73] \\ \hline South Africa & Texturized soy protein & 7 & 100 & 195–2257 & NR & [73] \\ \hline Canada & Pasta & 221 & & 5–1400 & NR & [59] \\ \hline China & Fresh maize and soybean & 234 & 11–18 & 40–290 & NR & [74] \\ \hline South Africa & Maize pasta & 3 & 100 & 47–62 & NR & [73] \\ \hline South Africa & Maize rice & 3 & 100 & 28–65 & NR & [73] \\ \hline Switzerland & Potato and vegetables & 10 & 30/0 & \textless{}1–7.7 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Europe and UK & \begin{tabular}{c} Grains, rice, flour, bread, \\ cereal based for infants \\ \end{tabular} & 2136 & 19.9 & 10–267 & NR & [75] \\ \hline Switzerland & Pulses & 41 & 51.2/24 & \textless{}1–2948 & 3.1–25 & [60] \\ \hline Switzerland & Meat and Fish & 13 & 23.1 & \textless{}1–4.9 & NR & [60] \\ \hline Ghana & Yam & 68 & 20.5 & \textless{}120 & NR & [76] \\ \hline Several European \\ counties & Processed foods & 110,829 & 3.7 & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Above MRL \\ values \\ \end{tabular} & NR & [77] \\ \hline Brazil & Soy-based infant formula & 105 & NI & 30–1080 & 20–170 & [78] \\ \hline Nigeria & Fish & 75 & 100 &
\begin{tabular}{c} Below ADI and \\ MRL values \\ \end{tabular} & NR & [79] \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Glyphosate and AMPA reports on foods. maximum residue limit (MRL) [77]. Furthermore, AMPA was detected in honey samples from Brazil (40 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg) [64]. In Mexico, the presence of GLYP residues has been reported in 120 samples of pollen (3.71-7.29 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg), which could potentially serve as a contamination source for honey [65]. GLYP has been reported in fruit and vegetables (<1-7.7 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg), pulses (<1-2948 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg), and fruit juices (1.6 to 1.9 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg) from Switzerland; moreover, AMPA (0.2 to 0.6 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg) was detected in 18% of fruit juice samples and 24% of pulses (3.1-25 \(\mathrm{\SIUnitSymbolMicro g}\)/kg) [60], while in Spain, GLYP was detected in vegetables [67].