## 2 Methods and Steps
### Optimization Method of the Cast blasting Parameters Based on Black Box Theory
#### 2.5.3 Construction of Observable Variable Database  
As a pre-stage of the dragline stripping technology, the effect of cast blasting plays a decisive role in the subsequent dragline stripping technology engineering succession and operation cost [37; 38; 39; 40]. In order to ensure that the characteristics of the heaped-up bulk after cast blasting can meet the economic cost optimization of the subsequent dragline stripping technology, this paper needs to further study the subsequent dragline stripping technology and dissect the internal operation mechanism of the system as well as the logical relationship between operations on the basis of the surface of heaped-up bulk data acquisition and data fusion. An economic database that can represent the production cost of the dragline stripping technology was constructed. Finally, the optimal cast blasting parameter combination under different working conditions was deduced by comparing the economic data. * Dragline stripping technology business flow
* Step 1: Perforate, charge, and connect the solid high step, and then complete the directional cast blasting. * Step 2: The bulldozer starts leveling the heaped-up bulk and pushes part of the material into the goaf. * Step 3: The electric shovel works with the dump truck on the layered materials on the heaped-up bulk and builds the step of the dragline. * Step 4: The layered materials under the heaped-up bulk are gradually discharged to the pumping area by the dragline, and the coal seam begins to be exposed. * Step 5: The dragline discharges the remaining materials in the coal ditch to the pumping area, and the coal seam is completely exposed. * Among them, the steps are shown in Figure 7.
* Dragline stripping technology model based on cast blasting characteristics  
In order to accurately grasp the characteristics of the heaped-up bulk and to reasonably optimize the production distribution of the various business links within the dragline stripping technology, the distribution mechanism model of dragline stripping technology was studied and proposed [41; 42]. A plane coordinate system was constructed with the characteristics profile of cast blasting as the research object, \(y=y_{a}(x)\) was used to represent the characteristics equation of the heaped-up bulk, and \(y=y_{b}(x)\) was used to represent the correlation equation of the line segment \(ABCDFF\). Other relevant parameters are shown in Figure 8. Where, A, B, C, D, \(\cdots\), Q represent the position of each point in the figure; \(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\) represent the angle of the line segment in the figure. In the above Figure 8, 1 is the physical high step, 2 is the lower layer of the heaped-up bulk, 3 is the coal seam, 4 is the coal ditch, 5 is the dragline extension platform (standing steps), 6 is the goaf, 7 is the pumping area, and 8 is the heaped-up bulk surface. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline
**Position** & \(x_{1}\) & \(x_{2}\) & \(x_{3}\) & \(x_{4}\) & \(x_{5}\) & \(x_{6}\) & \(x_{7}\) & \(x_{8}\) & \(x_{9}\) & \(\cdots\) \\ \hline
21-N6 & 38 & 85 & 0.76 & 65 & 6.9 & 12.1 & 6.3 & 7 & 9 & \(\cdots\) \\
21-N7 & 38 & 85 & 0.78 & 65 & 7.1 & 11.9 & 6.5 & 6.5 & 9 & \(\cdots\) \\
21-N8 & 38 & 85 & 0.75 & 65 & 6.9 & 12.2 & 6.4 & 7 & 9 & \(\cdots\) \\
21-N9 & 40 & 85 & 0.82 & 65 & 7.2 & 12.2 & 6.5 & 7 & 9 & \(\cdots\) \\
21-N10 & 40 & 85 & 0.8 & 65 & 7.1 & 12 & 6.5 & 7 & 9 & \(\cdots\) \\ \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) & \(\cdots\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: _Cont._Figure 8: Schematic diagram of construction of the heaped-up bulk coordinate system. Figure 7: Operation flow chart of the dragline stripping technology. 1. The _AMFEDCBA_ cross-sectional area (the total amount of blasting) of the heaped-up bulk: After the implementation of the cast blasting, the characteristic profile of the entire heaped-up bulk can be represented by the cross-sectional area _AMFEDCBA_.