# Integration of LTE 230 and LTE 1800 in Power Wireless Private Networks
## 1 Introduction  
The wide application of wireless private networks in power systems provides a convenient means of access for control services, such as distribution automation and the interaction of power supply, power grid, load, and energy storage, as well as management services, such as power consumption information collection, mobile operation, and video surveillance [1, 2]. Power wireless private networks (PWPNs) have inherited the advantages of flexible networking, convenient construction, and mature application of the wireless network. Moreover, the special use of their frequency band, equipment, and network avoids the limitations of the wireless public network relating to bandwidth, delay, service interruption rate, security, and reliability. In addition, they can effectively supplement a wired transmission network and efficiently solve the \"last kilometer\" access problem of electric power communication and open up the \"nerve endings\" of the energy Internet of Things network, which has incomparable advantages over traditional wired communication and wireless public network communication systems [3, 4]. In addition, with the replacement by clean and electric energies, as well as the in-depth promotion of energy reform, distributed photovoltaics, electric vehicle charging piles, and otherservices will experience explosive growth [5]. Therefore, the interactive mode of power supply-power grid-load-energy storage will change, requiring an overall improvement of the control and perception ability of the distribution network, and of the quasi-real-time acquisition ability of the low-voltage power network (380 kV/220 kV), so as to promote a qualitative leap of the power grid operation level and service mode. The PWPN is an important technology to realize service access and collection at the end of the power grid. As a result, increasing attention has been paid to the establishment of power wireless communication broadband private networks based on private authorized frequency bands [6; 7; 8; 9; 10]. Solar home systems (SHSs) with rooftop solar panels have proliferated in recent years. In [11], International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-based modeling of SHS and smart meters was presented to facilitate their integration into power systems and to ensure interoperability among different devices. Smart distribution systems are crucial for realizing an envisioned smart grid. In [12], an assessment of WLAN performance for IEC 61850-based smart distribution substation applications was presented. Research has also been conducted on powered private networks. In our previous work [13], we analyzed the requirements of power grid basic services for time-division long-term evolution (TD-LTE) wireless private networks and the effect of the collection frequency on the transmission rate demand. Moreover, the latency in the distribution automation service was also simulated. In [14], we analyzed the coverage and capacity of LoRa and narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). In [15], a dynamic uplink resource scheduling algorithm was proposed on the basis of a software-defined optical network (SDON). The priority of the service was evaluated before the resource scheduling was carried out. According to the characteristics of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) resource allocation, and the numerical control separation and programmable features of SDON, different scheduling methods were designed for different services. At present, domestic spectrum resources are scarce in China, and the main frequency bands have been occupied by various services. The available frequency bands for power wireless private networks are 1800 MHz and 230 MHz; 1800 MHz has other sporadic applications, so it can only be authorized for use in PWFNs after frequency clearing. There are two independent PWPN systems in these two bands: LTE 1800, which is similar to the public LTE network, and LTE 230, which is also similar to the LTE system but with a difference in subcarrier spacing.