parasitics_ mutants resistant to the sterol-demethylation-inhibiting (DMIs) fungicides produced significantly higher levels of AF, where mutation at the cytochrome P450 gene _cyp51A_ and overexpression of _cyp51A_ gene and/or a multidrug resistance gene (ABC transporter protein) were responsible for DMI resistance in _A. parasitics_[31]. Fludioxomi (FLU) is a commercial, phenylpyrrole fungicide, for which the antifungal effect is exerted through the intact signaling system responsible for oxidative/osmotic stress defense in fungi termed the \"mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)\" pathway [32]. FLU disrupts fungal growth/survival by exerting excessive activation of the MAPK pathway, which triggers cellular energy drain [32]. This MAPK system is operated to protect fungal cells from environmental oxidative/osmotic stressors. However, fungi with mutations in the MAPK system develop FLU tolerance [32]; conversely, these fungal mutantsare highly susceptible to oxidative stressors including redox-active compounds. Meanwhile, recent investigations have shown that the antifungal mechanism of action of certain drugs/compounds involves an oxidative stress response in fungi, which further contributes to fungal death. Therefore, these classes of drugs/compounds are defined as oxidative stress reagents [33; 34; 35; 36]. Natural products (NP)/botanicals are potential sources of antifungal agents, food additives, etc. [37; 38]. For example, natural phenolics serve as potent redox cycling agents, thus inhibit microbial growth via the destabilization of cellular redox homeostasis [39; 40]. However, there are significant research gaps between NP utilization in food/feed products and their safety, thus requiring vigorous risk assessment studies [41]. We hypothesize that, as determined in conventional fungicides, if NPs or their structural derivatives are applied at \"suboptimal\" concentrations, certain NPs/derivatives can enhance mycotoxin production by the AF-producing aspergilli (_A. flavus_, _A. parasitic_s) due to the oxidative stress caused by the disruption of cellular redox homeostasis. It has been shown in _A. parasitic_s that AF production was triggered by increased oxidative stress [42]. A recent study also showed that botanicals, such as pomegranate peel extract, applied at suboptimal concentrations increased the production of AFB\({}_{1}\) in _A. flavus_[43]. In this study, we investigated the effect of \"sub-inhibitory\" doses (namely, sub-optimal concentrations that still maintain fungal growth, but slightly less growth than \"no treatment\" controls; see Results and Discussion) of thirteen NP/derivatives, currently used as food/feed additives [44], against _A. flavus_ and _A. parasitic_s by evaluating their enhancement of AF production (AFB\({}_{1}\) and AFB\({}_{2}\) for _A. flavus_; AFB\({}_{1}\), AFB\({}_{2}\), AFG\({}_{1}\) and AFG\({}_{2}\) for _A. parasitic_s) [45; 46]. We reasoned that these NP/derivatives could serve as representatives for studying the safe use of various benzaldehydes, cinnamic acids and isopropyl methylphenol compounds enlisted as food/feed additives by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [44]. Currently, the safety of certain compounds selected (e.g., isopropyl methylphenols) is not conclusive, as published by the European Food Safety Authority [41]. Noteworthy, the FDA guideline indicates that each \"food ingredient manufacturers/food producers should ensure marketed products are safe as well as compliant with all applicable regulatory requirements\" [47]; hence, comprehensive evaluation of food/feed additives/substances is highly necessary. Compounds that did not enhance AF production were selected and tested further for their utility as potent antifungal agents in crop (corn) seeds.