# A Review of Worldwide Strategies for Promoting High-Temperature Heat Pumps
## 4 The Promotion of IHPs over the World
### Usa
The presence of specialized manufacturers and a clear focus on industrial applications in Japan indicate a more advanced market for HTHPs compared to other countries. This distinction is evident in the establishment of dedicated national R&D programs, partnerships among industry leaders, and the promotion of specific high-temperature heat pumps for industrial processes. On the other hand, the EU's approach encompasses multi-faceted initiatives that address both residential and industrial applications. The EU's Heat Pump Action Plan and forthcoming legislation aim to create a supportive environment for large-scale adoption, targeting both the domestic sector and industrial applications. These policies are expected to encourage both supply-side innovations and demand-side incentives, facilitating a more efficient transition to HTHPs for both industry and households. Notably, the EU's regulatory efforts are complemented by funding mechanisms that support pilot projects and promote collaboration between industry players and research institutions. In contrast, regions such as Canada and the U.S. have concentrated more on residential heat pumps, particularly in areas where space heating and cooling are significant energy demands. These countries have been successful in promoting low- to medium-temperature heat pumps; however, HTHPs for industrial use are less emphasized in their policy frameworks. For example, Canada has made progress with residential rebates and incentives aimed at transitioning from oil-based heating systems to heat pumps, but it lacks robust support for the adoption of HMPs. This approach stands in contrast to the more industrial-focused strategies seen in Japan and Australia. Similarly, while the U.S. has several initiatives that support residential HP adoption, it has only recently begun to increase its focus on promoting IHPs, indicating an evolving policy direction towards higher-temperature applications. China's strategy for energy efficiency, although strong, differs notably from that of the other regions, as it currently lacks a dedicated policy promoting HTHPs. Instead, Chinese policies target broader industrial decarbonization through the implementation of energy-saving technologies, without specifically prioritizing HTHPs. This approach reflects the country's more generalized strategy for industrial energy reform, which includes the promotion of clean coal technologies and CHP systems, rather than direct support for HP technology. However, given China's drive towards cleaner energy and industrial modernization, the indirect support for energy-efficient technologies could eventually create an environment conducive to the adoption of HTHPs in the future. In summary, while there is a global effort to promote high-temperature HPs aimed at decarbonizing industry and reducing energy consumption, the strategies employed vary significantly in focus and implementation. Countries like Japan and Australia lead with highly targeted industrial policies that drive research and development (R&D) as well as the commercialization of HTHPs. The EU supports both the residential and industrial sectors through a broad framework of regulations and funding. In contrast, Canada and the U.S. have strong residential HP adoption but are still developing strategies for industrial-scale applications. Lastly, China's more generalized energy efficiency policies, while beneficial, do not yet prioritize HTHPs, reflecting a different approach to industrial decarbonization. These differences illustrate the varying economic structures, energy challenges, and technological capabilities of each region, highlighting the complexity of global efforts to promote energy-efficient HP technologies.