## 4 Results and Discussion  
### Numerical Results--SBD2D Communication Using Data Scheduling  
The performance analysis of the proposed method is performed with the help of MATLAB. The SINR is the main parameter required to define the least QoS. The energy efficiency and network throughput are used to define the impact/influence of SBD2D communications. The simulation parameters are summarized in Table 3 below. Figure 5: Shows SBD2D System model based on data integration. Two scenarios are considered: (i) a single-antenna system without interference between beekeepers, and (ii) multiple-antenna systems between beekeepers. For both cases, it is assumed that the communication happens over a network bandwidth of B Hz (Hertz), the power transmission is indicated as P Watt (W), and the noise power spectral density is represented as K\({}_{0}\) W/Hz. Referring to Figure 6 below, from the first figure, it is indicated that the channel gain is the most important factor to obtain the maximum energy efficiency in a single-antenna system. In other words, the energy efficiency in 5G networks with a single antenna depends on the channel gain. The computation of the bandwidth is performed for free-space spread at 20 MHz with a path loss of 3.76 in an antenna, while the distances in practice are frequently much shorter. According to Figure 6b, to enumerate the energy efficiency in 5G networks that can be achieved, a noise power spectral density of \(-154\) dBm/Hz is used, and also, we considered the antenna gains \(\mathrm{r}\) ranging from \(-50\) dB to \(-15\) dB. In this figure, the results for the energy efficiency (as indicated in Figure 6) obtained from the simulation range from 200 to 2500 bps/Hz/W. In a single-antenna system with a channel gain, the energy efficiency limits take these numbers. Considering the factor P/B, we can state that the energy efficiency becomes maximized as the P/B tends to zero, which can be reached when we consider that the power transmission P tends to zero, taking the bandwidth B tending to infinite (B \(\rightarrow\infty\)) or the combination of both. As indicated in this figure, when the antenna gain becomes \(-45\) dB, the energy efficiency becomes approximately 500 bps/Hz/W. It is shown that, as the antenna gain increases, the energy efficiency also increases. We can conclude that the maximum energy efficiency in a single antenna depends on the antenna gain. The analysis of the previous simulation showed that, if the power (P) tends to zero (P \(\rightarrow\) 0), we obtain 0 bit/s or we obtain 500 bit/s in the case of the bandwidth (B) tending to zero (B \(\rightarrow\) 0). The second figure illustrates how the energy efficiency is limited, as long as bandwidth tends to zero (B \(\rightarrow\) 0) when the power (P) takes the value of 20 dBm with a noise power spectral density of \(-154\) dBm/Hz. In the figure, there are also different values of channel gain, ranging from \(-50\) dB to \(-90\) dB, that are considered and used to determine how quickly the limits of the energy efficiency are approached. It is indicated in the figure that, for the case of \(-70\) dB, the energy efficiency's limit is already reached at 10 Hz, and this becomes more than 10 Hz when the channel gains take the value of \(-50\) dB. We need to have 100 times more bandwidth every time the channel gain \(\mathrm{r}\) is increased by 20 dB. The energy efficiency increases with the bandwidth, but the limit and the convergence depend strongly on the channel gain \(\mathrm{r}\), however, when the channel gain becomes \(-90\) dB, there is an increase and decrease in the energy efficiency limit.