## 1 Introduction  
The use of wireless networks for various purposes is expanding quickly. To accommodate more features in the limited size, antennas must continue to shrink significantly when mobile devices shrink or pack in more functionality. In addition, the need for antennas that can function across several frequency bands has increased as the number of frequency bands in use has increased [1]. To fulfill these space-saving prerequisites, compact and multiband antennas are required. It is common practice to use various resonances and impedance matching techniques to accommodate the integration of tiny antennas in small packaging. As a result, researchers and practitioners alike have a strong interest in antennas that are both small and capable of handling several frequencies. The employment of multiple resonance techniques has been the primary focus of research into these antennas [2]. One of the most significant aspects of an ongoing investigation into the system level is to incorporate wideband and multiple-band response, even though maintaining proper radiation pattern and miniaturizing antenna are the two most present issues [3]. Smartphones, laptops and other personal terminal devices are more commonplace as wireless technology advances. As a result, multiband antennas for WLAN and WiMAX have been designed due to the high demand for these technologies in our portable terminals [4; 5]. To achieve multiband performance, many techniques have been devised, such as using different branches in the patch region and each of them resonating at a different frequency [6], Loading and shorting an the inner and outer area of the patch [7], slotting a few areas of the patch [8], the fractal shape of the patch elements, T-shaped fractal antenna for provides the six band response [9], The antenna structure with E and a shaped stub helps to attain the seven band response with less than \(-10\) dB of the reflection coefficient [10]. The article [11] represents using the coupled feed mechanism wide band characteristics being achieved with the multiband response, while cutting the patch region using the inverted HE shape provides the four band response [12]. The rectangular microstrip patch with a U-shaped slot and two concentric annular slots to help the sleeved meanders are added in the ground plane to alter the surface current distribution, which improves the antenna's bandwidth and multiband response. The artificial neural-based approach uses a fractal antenna to target C and X-band communication applications [13]. The mentioned articles are poor impedance matching, less gain and an improper reflection coefficient response; therefore, the solution is attained using the metamaterial concept. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the number of scientists looking at metamaterials. For example, negative permittivity and negative permeabilities may be created when these components are alternated regularly in metallic structures [14]. With the development of metamaterial technology, designers of multiband antennas now have a new tool. Split-ring resonators are the most common type of primary metamaterial unit cells. It is possible to achieve multiband features by engraving unit cells directly into the substrate and ground plane [15]. In this context, metamaterials' unique electromagnetic characteristics have attracted much interest. To reduce the antenna dimensions, the metamaterial approach may be used. Metamaterial will also help to modify the near-field boundary conditions. Antenna designers face more than only the difficulties of downsizing in their work. Few products, such as communication handsets, feature considerable free space for an antenna. The device also necessitates that the radiating element function over a wide range of operating frequencies to accommodate its wide variety of applications. Adopting a single antenna that can transmit and receive on all of these frequencies might solve this problem while keeping the device's footprint to a minimum.