## 1 Introduction
### ORC System  
Over the past ten years, ORC system research has primarily concentrated on four key areas: the working fluid, numerical simulation, thermodynamic calculation and optimization, and experimental research. For instance, a few researchers [5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12] have modeled and experimented with a variety of ORC types, including two-stage series, basic-type, extraction steam recovery, and reheating, as well as multi-objective system optimization. The low temperature and low density of low-temperature heat sources result in a high usage cost. System integration and cost benefits are typically less possible with more sophisticated system types [13; 14]. Through neural networks and dynamic models, the optimal parameters for system operation can be successfully predicted. Additionally, they acquire the critical variables, assessment metrics, and influence guidelines that impact an ORC system's thermal performance. By using energy analysis, optimization strategies for the system's main components were suggested. The selection of ORC working fluids has been extensively studied. More than 117 organic compounds, including R152a, R245 fa, benzene, R134a, R113, ammonia, R123, R245 ca, isobutylene, cyclohexane, isopentane, toluene, etc., have been the subject of studies by a number of researchers [15; 16; 17; 18; 19]. According to the different temperature levels of the heat source, organic working fluids are divided into two categories: high-temperature [20; 21; 22] and medium- and low-temperature working fluids [23; 24; 25; 26]. The former has a relatively lower output power and efficiency using a low-temperature heat resource, mainly because the physical parameters such as the heat capacity of high-temperature working fluids such as MDM (octamethyltrisiloxane), MD2M (decamethyltetrasiloxane), and MM (hexamethyldisiloxane) are greatly affected by temperature [22], and the critical parameters are higher than the corresponding values of medium- and low-temperature working fluids. Their chemical properties and thermodynamic characteristics [21] are unstable. In addition, the inevitable mixing of oil and mineral lubricants during their operation can accelerate the decomposition of the working fluid, resulting in a decrease in system performance [20]. In medium- and low-temperature-level systems of a heat source, the physical properties of the refrigerant are better than those of other organic substances. The system's thermoeconomic parameters such as the output power, efficiency, and cost were mainly affected by the heat source temperature range, the critical temperature of the refrigerant, the boiling temperature, and the pinch point temperature difference. The research of [PERSON] et al. [23] showed that when the heat source temperature was in the range of 423.15-473.15 K, the maximum output power of their ORC system was affected by the critical temperature of the working fluid, but had nothing to do with the boiling point value. [PERSON] et al. [24] compared and evaluated the system exergy efficiency of 30 working fluids with critical temperatures ranging from 71.87 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 357.65 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Different heat sources and working conditions lead to different optimal working fluids. The key parameter is the critical temperature, which is determined by the heat source temperature, the pinch temperature difference, and the condensation temperature. [PERSON] et al. [25] analyzed the economic benefits of the R12333 zd(E), R1234 ze(Z),R1366 mzz(E), and R245 fa working fluids and conducted experimental verification. When the evaporation temperature was 127 \({}^{\circ}\)C and the condensation temperature was 30 \({}^{\circ}\)C, R12333 zd(E) was the best, and R245 fa was very close to it in terms of physical properties. [PERSON] et al. [26] evaluated 29 different single-component refrigerants. The study showed that the steam expansion ratio of the dry working fluid was directly related to the net output work.