## 1 Introduction  
Human geomatics, analogous to humanistic geography--with origins relating to the works of [PERSON] [1]--introduces a qualitative description of human activities, including perception and emotions, into the general concept of geomatics, which developed as a qualitative method of describing the phenomena of the physical world. Urban design, from its perceptual, visual, social and functional perspective [2], has a substantial interest in capturing human responses and activities. The tradition of basing decisions on reasoning dates back to the time of [PERSON] [3, 4]. Between 1847 and 1857, during the design process of Barcelona's Example, [PERSON], considered to be the founder of contemporary urbanism, gathered a set of statistical data covering demography, education and life standards, but also such factors as carriage transport and parameters describing the physical structure, including: construction intensity, impermeability and city facilities, such as infrastructure, lighting systems and paving [5]. Considerable research, covering the use of geomatics in describing human activities and perception, has been conducted by a number of analysts and teams, with the most important studies developed by: (1) the Space Syntax group, e.g., the Cityware project UK [6] and several projects using methodology provided by Space Syntax [7, 8] all over the world [9]; (2) MIT SENSEable City Lab [10], among others the Real-time city data project [11, 12, 13]; (3) Urban Informatics Research Lab, QUT [14]; and (4) Architectural League of NY, _i.e.,_: Sentient City [15]. These projects concentrate mostly on the modeling of human activities, although the issues of perception and human reactions to the environment also constitute an attractive subject for studies, e.g. [16, 17].  
In this context, the mapping of non-material phenomena is nothing new. Maps of social group distribution, such as the location of poverty or ethnic groups in the city, are a common tool for urban analyses, introduced by the Chicago sociological school [18]. However, the possibility of overlaying them with other data, describing different phenomena, as well as the ease with which such juxtapositions may be converted into manageable information, provide a useful tool for contemporary urban planners in influencing a powerful discourse, focusing on a successful and legitimate vision of the future in diverse social environments. The recent IT potential, enabling mapping of numeric data, including tweeting or SMS intensity, provides additional opportunities for visualizing human activities [10, 11, 12, 13], formerly restricted to traffic simulation and statistics. As the contemporary city is partly extended into virtuality [19, 20, 21], research should also include this perspective, and perceive the city, both as a platform of mutual communication and a set of phenomena, which require description.  
Contemporary urban planning makes extensive use of evidence-based methodology [22]. The philosophical basis for communicative planning theory derives from the concept of communicative action by [PERSON] [23]. According to this theory, the validity of a norm may be justified in a dialectic process between proponents of different approaches. 'Normative rightness' results from mutual understanding achieved in the argument process [24]. \"_The power of dominant discourses,_\" as [PERSON] [23], argues that presenting the assumptions of the institutionalist theory of spatial planning may be challenged in dialogue, \"_through the power of knowledgeable, reflective discourse, through good arguments (...)_\", in order to achieve consensus by taking into account the arguments and at the same time respecting differences. Human geomatics--the mapping of the invisible aspects of the city--adds an important perspective to the debate on the form and functioning of the urban settings.