## 6 Biomarker Detection
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline
**Sl. No.** & **Biomarker** & **Sample Type** & **Technique Used** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Protein biomarkers**} \\ \hline
40 & Interleukin-8 (IL-8) & \\ \hline
41 & Interleukin 1a (IL-1a) & \\ \hline
42 & Interleukin 1b (IL-1b) & \\ \hline
43 & TNF-a & \\ \hline
44 & Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) & \\ \hline
45 & Cyfa 21-1 & \\ \hline
46 & Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) & \\ \hline
47 & Telomerase & \\ \hline
48 & Mac-2 binding protein (M2 BP) & Saliva & ELISA, shotgun proteomics \\ \hline
49 & CD44 & \\ \hline
50 & CD59 & \\ \hline
51 & Profilin & Saliva & Immunoblot analysis \\ \hline
52 & MRP14 & \\ \hline
53 & Glutathione & Saliva & HPLC \\ \hline
54 & Squamous cell carcinoma antigen 2 & \\ \hline
55 & Involorin & \\ \hline
56 & Calcyclin & \\ \hline
57 & Cathepsin-G & \\ \hline
58 & Azurocidin & \\ \hline
59 & Transaldolase & Saliva & ELISA, shotgun proteomics \\ \hline
60 & Carbonic anhydrase I & \\ \hline
61 & Calgizzarin & \\ \hline
62 & Myeloblastin & \\ \hline
63 & Vitamin D–binding protein & \\ \hline
64 & Immunoglobulin heavy-chain constant region & \\  & gamma (IgG) & \\ \hline
65 & S100 calcium-binding protein & \\ \hline
66 & Cofilin-1 & Saliva & LC/MS \\ \hline
67 & Transferrin & \\ \hline
68 & Fibrin & \\ \hline
69 & Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) & Saliva & 2 DE \\ \hline
70 & Secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) & \\ \hline
71 & Cystatin A & \\ \hline
72 & Keratin 36 & \\ \hline
73 & Thioredoxin & \\ \hline
74 & Haptoglobin (HAP) & Saliva & MS-based approaches \\ \hline
75 & Salivary zinc finger & \\ \hline
76 & Protein 510 peptide & \\ \hline
77 & A-amylase & \\ \hline
78 & Albumin & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sl. No.** & **Biomarker** & **Sample Type** & **Technique Used** \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Protein biomarkers**} \\ \hline
79 & OPN (osteopontin) & Human biopsy & \\ \hline
80 & EZM2 & Tissue-bank sample & Western blot \\ \hline
81 & DEPDC1B & Human biopsy & Immunoprecipitation, Northern blot, Western blot \\ \hline
82 & P63 & Human biopsy & Microarray gene expression \\ \hline
83 & DeltaNp63 & & \\ \hline
84 & EIC & Human biopsy & Cell membrane immunoreactivity, microscope \\ \hline
85 & Podoplanin & & \\ \hline
86 & EGFR & Human biopsy & FISH \\ \hline \multicolumn{4}{c}{**DNA-based biomarkers**} \\ \hline
87 & DNA (promoter hypermethylation) & & \\ \hline
88 & Histone family 3 (HA3) & & \\ \hline
89 & S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) & & \\ \hline
90 &
\begin{tabular}{c} \(\text{Spermidine}/\text{s}\)permine N1- acetyltransferase \\ EST (SAT) \\ \end{tabular} & Saliva & PCR, qPCR, microarrays \\ \hline
91 & Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 (OAZ) & & \\ \hline
92 & P53 gene codon 63 & & \\ \hline
93 & CDH1 & & \\ \hline
94 & MMP3 & & \\ \hline
95 & SPARC & & \\ \hline
96 & POSTN & & \\ \hline
97 & TNC & & \\ \hline
98 & TGM3 & & \\ \hline
99 & HMGA1 & & \\ \hline
100 & PABPC1 & & \\ \hline
101 & NT5E & & \\ \hline
102 & FOS & & \\ \hline
103 & FASN & & \\ \hline
104 & P53 & & \\ \hline
105 & Cytochrome co-oxidase I & & \\ \hline
106 & Cytochrome co-oxidase II & & \\ \hline
107 & DAPK & & \\ \hline
108 & DCC & & \\ \hline
109 & TIMP-31 & Saliva & PCR, qPCR, microarrays \\ \hline
110 & TIMP-3 & & \\ \hline
111 & MGMT & & \\ \hline
112 & CCNA1 & & \\ \hline
113 & MINT-31 & & \\ \hline
114 & DNMT3B & Human biopsy & Microarray gene expression \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._