# Self-Care IoT Platform for Diabetic Mellitus
## 2 The Proposed Self-Care IoT Platform for Diabetics  
This paper presents a self-care IoT platform. It consists of three major parts, as shown in Figure 1. The main characteristic of the proposed platform is to track and record the patient's activities of daily living that affect glucose levels automatically. In the proposed platform, we apply IoT technology to several articles in daily use to collect those data, including BG measurement, exercise, meals, and medications. Then the data is transferred to a web-server via a smartphone. A web-server is to store and calculate the received data to analyze the relationship between the patient's lifestyle and glucose measurements. The self-care application is responsible for showing the information to the patient clearly.  
The most crucial part is a self-care IoT pack that consists of various pieces of equipment. First, we made a food tray and a medication monitor to obtain meal and medication information. Second, we added a data acquisition board to commercial aerobic exercise equipment to get the exercise information. Finally, we used commercial products such as a glucometer and wearable band to get the other information. The proposed self-care IoT pack automatically collects precise details on BG measurement, exercise, eating, and doses whenever the patient uses them. The patient can acquire all life patterns that affect their BG level using the proposed self-care IoT pack, summarized in Table 1.  
Figure 1: The proposed internet of things (IoT)-based self-care platform for diabetics.  
Each IoT device in the proposed self-care IoT pack has three common characteristics. First, IoT devices incorporate one or more sensors to obtain that information whenever a patient performs a specific action using these devices. Second, each device includes a microcontroller and memory to process and store the information obtained from these sensors. Third, they enable everything to communicate by themselves over the internet through the devices.  
The web-server is responsible for user authentication and database management. It builds a database of information received from the smartphone application for each patient. Then, it accumulates the records to help construct personalized big-data. The patient can find the harmful lifestyles using their long-term collected data using the proposed self-care platform. It should also be possible to correlate BG levels and the patients' life patterns for a long time.  
The self-care application is responsible for storing and analyzing data obtained from each IoT device in the proposed self-care IoT pack. The collected data is stored in a database separated by each type. The application shows that all events are generated throughout the day in chronological order. It also displays charts and illustrations that make it easier for patients to understand the relationship between BG levels and the corresponding lifestyle. Consequently, it helps the patient know how a specific lifestyle affects their BG level instantly. It also helps the patient know which lifestyles to fix.  
Consequently, the proposed self-care IoT platform automatically receives and records relevant information whenever a person with diabetes measures blood glucose, exercise, meals, and medication and sends it to a smartphone application. The rest of this section introduces how each IoT device configuration is designed to acquire accurate life pattern information when patients perform the corresponding operation for blood glucose management.