## 3 Results
### Results Obtained by Testing Leaf Samples
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Characteristic**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**DevicePlant**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Beech**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Corn**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Wheat**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Tomato**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Barley**} \\ \cline{3-3} \cline{5-7}  & CCM-200 plus & 3.25 \(\pm\) 1.18 & 8.79 \(\pm\) 2.27 & 17.17 \(\pm\) 2.87 & 25.74 \(\pm\) 2.24 & 32.25 \(\pm\) 2.2 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 3.77 \(\pm\) 2.53 & 8.07 \(\pm\) 4.09 & 17.19 \(\pm\) 5.25 & 31.33 \(\pm\) 6.2 & 37.12 \(\pm\) 4.88 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{CC} & CCM-200 plus & 94.4 \(\pm\) 22.95 & 211.15 \(\pm\) 64.83 & 330.06 \(\pm\) 83.59 & 424.06 \(\pm\) 63.97 & 485.4 \(\pm\) 62.41 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 108.48 \(\pm\) 73.15 & 198.63 \(\pm\) 116.55 & 330.3 \(\pm\) 143.56 & 477.15 \(\pm\) 163.38 & 527.35 \(\pm\) 135.26 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{CrC} & CCM-200 plus & 82.86 \(\pm\) 30.31 & 221.13 \(\pm\) 39.93 & 332.28 \(\pm\) 67.67 & 407.65 \(\pm\) 38.6 & 452.59 \(\pm\) 36.19 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 101.87 \(\pm\) 52.47 & 208.03 \(\pm\) 112.4 & 332.49 \(\pm\) 146 & 446.71 \(\pm\) 169.22 & 481.73 \(\pm\) 135.93 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{FC} & CCM-200 plus & 6.77 \(\pm\) 9.96 & 2.87 \(\pm\) 7.98 & 0.27 \(\pm\) 7.19 & 2.39 \(\pm\) 8.01 & 3.66 \(\pm\) 8.08 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 6.23 \(\pm\) 7.62 & 3.24 \(\pm\) 5.93 & 0.27 \(\pm\) 4.99 & 3.49 \(\pm\) 4.33 & 4.48 \(\pm\) 5.27 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{AC} & CCM-200 plus & 2.24 \(\pm\) 2.83 & 1.51 \(\pm\) 2.46 & 0.92 \(\pm\) 2.32 & 0.53 \(\pm\) 2.47 & 0.29 \(\pm\) 2.48 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 2.14 \(\pm\) 2.4 & 1.58 \(\pm\) 2.08 & 0.92 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 0.32 \(\pm\) 1.78 & 0.14 \(\pm\) 1.96 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{NC} & CCM-200 plus & 0.75 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 1.77 \(\pm\) 0.43 & 2.6 \(\pm\) 0.64 & 3.15 \(\pm\) 0.42 & 3.49 \(\pm\) 0.4 \\ \cline{2-7}  & Proposed device & 0.89 \(\pm\) 0.52 & 1.68 \(\pm\) 0.97 & 2.6 \(\pm\) 1.22 & 3.44 \(\pm\) 1.39 & 3.7 \(\pm\) 1.14 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* CCI—chlorophyll content index; CC—chlorophyll content; CrC—carotenoid content; FC—flavonoid content; AC—anthocyanin content; NC—nitrogen content.  
\end{table} 
Table 4: Pigments and nitrogen, calculated based on data from CCM-200 Plus and the proposed device. All data have statistically significant differences at \(p<0.05\). Figure 11: Data from proposed and commercial (compared) measurement devices: (**a**) CCI; (**b**) CC. Most commercially available pigment-measuring devices are designed to operate within the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral ranges. These devices primarily focus on measuring chlorophyll content, with the exception of the \"ACM-200 Plus\" device. However, none of the compared devices in our study had the ability to measure carotenoids, which is a notable advantage of the proposed device. Additionally, only a limited number of commercial devices are capable of measuring nitrogen levels, whereas the proposed device includes this parameter in its measurements. In terms of the measured characteristics, the proposed device complements the capabilities of the \"Force-A Dualex 4 Scientific\" device, making it a valuable addition to the existing range of pigment-measuring devices. Important parts of device development and use are uncertainty and quality assurance. The affected aspects related to uncertainty and quality assessment are presented in Table 6.  
Most commercially available pigment-measuring devices are designed to operate within the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral ranges. These devices primarily focus on measuring chlorophyll content, with the exception of the \"ACM-200 Plus\" device. However, none of the compared devices in our study had the ability to measure carotenoids, which is a notable advantage of the proposed device. Additionally, only a limited number of commercial devices are capable of measuring nitrogen levels, whereas the proposed device includes this parameter in its measurements.