## 2 Materials and Methods
### Architecture Design of the Cloud-Edge Hybrid Intelligent System (CEHIS)  
#### 2.1.1 Computing Infrastructure  
The Big Data Science Center (BDSC) at the SSRF is an important infrastructural project of the SSRF Phase II, which is tasked with centralizing, unifying, managing, curating, and formatting all the data generated by all the SSRF beamlines, while providing real time data analysis capabilities to the users. As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the HPC Cluster Computing System I was initially configured in 2019 when the Big Data Science Center started its commissioning and operations, while the HPC Cluster Computing System II was subsequently added to it in 2021, after carefully evaluating its operational status for about one and a half years, in order to expand its resources. In total, the BDSC now has 208 CPU nodes, 9 GPU nodes, 3 fat nodes, nearly 11,000 CPU cores, and 28 GPU cards, with a total theoretical peak computing power of 967.8 TFLOPS.  
In 2021, the BDSC expansion project not only increased the computing power of the HPC cluster systems, but also deployed 19 edge systems on-premises at the SSRF beamlines. These edge systems have been flexibly configured in order to meet the asymmetric computing resources and storage requirements. Table 3 provides details on the 19 edge systems.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Nodes** & **Number** & **Configuration** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{CPU Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{48} & Intel Xeon Gold 6104 \\  & & (2.3 GHz, 18 Core) \(\times\) 2 \\  & & 16 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 8 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Fat Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{1} & Intel Xeon E7-8860v4 \\  & & (2.2 GHz, 18 Core) \(\times\) 16 \\  & & 16 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 128 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{PCIe GPU Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{4} & Intel Xeon 5118 (2.3 GHz, 12 Core) \(\times\) 2 \\  & & NVIDIA Tesla P100 GPU Card \(\times\) 2 \\  & & 16 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 8 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{NVLINK GPU Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{1} & Intel Xeon Gold 6132 \\  & & (2.6 GHz, 14 Core) \(\times\) 4 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & NVIDIA Tesla P100 GPU Card \(\times\) 4 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & 32 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 32 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: HPC Cluster Computing System I at the SSRF.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Nodes** & **Number** & **Configuration** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{CPU Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{160} & Intel Xeon Gold 5320 \\  & & (2.2 GHz, 26 Core) \(\times\) 2 \\  & & 32 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 8 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Fat Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{2} & Intel Xeon 8260 \\  & & (2.4 GHz, 24 Core) \(\times\) 8 \\  & & 16 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 64 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{GPU Node} & \multirow{3}{*}{4} & Intel Xeon 6226R \\  & & (2.3 GHz, 18 Core) \(\times\) 2 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & NVIDIA A100 GPU Card \(\times\) 4 \\ \cline{1-1}  & & 16 GB DDR4 Memory \(\times\) 12 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: HPC Cluster Computing System II at the SSRF.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**CPU** & **Memory** & **Storage** & **GPU** & **Application** & **Beamline** \\ \hline x86 \(\times\) 2 & & 184.32 TB & & Big metadata & BL02U1 \\
2.0 GHz & 512 GB & Intel S4510 & & Real-time pipelines & BL10U2 \\
64 cores & & SSD \(\times\) 24 & & \\ \hline x86 \(\times\) 2 & & 184.32 TB & & \\
2.9 GHz & 192 GB & Intel S4510 & RTX5000 \(\times\) 2 & 3D data pipelines & BL12 SW \\
16 cores & & SSD \(\times\) 24 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Edge computing system at the SSRF.  
This has provided the SSRF with an effective computing infrastructure, capable of supporting a modern cloud-edge hybrid computing architecture, as shown in Figure 1.