# Global Buckling Investigation of the Flanged Cruciform H-shapes Columns (FCHCs)
## 4 Design of Analysis Specimens  
To check the applicability of compressive strength curves of GB50017-2017 [16], design the columns of each cross-section type according to the pre-controlled slenderness ratio range and divide the columns into short columns (\(\lambda\leq 30\)), intermediate columns (\(30<\lambda<100\)), and long (slender) columns (\(\lambda\geq 100\)). The above division is not necessarily very appropriate, but it covers the slenderness ratio range of steel frame columns in engineering design. Select ten H-shapes from GB/T 11263-2017 [2]. Their details are shown in Table 3. Use the ten H-shapes to make FCHCs. The geometric characteristics of all column sections are shown in Table 4. In order to investigate the effect of steel properties, two kinds of structural steel are involved in specimens. Q345 and Q460 are recommended in GB50017-2017 [16]. The sectional geometrical property parameters of FCHCs are calculated by Equations (1)-(6) based on Figure 2. Due to the application of initial comprehensive bending imperfections, the biaxially symmetrical specimen will only undergo global flexural buckling, so the torsional geometric characteristics of the section are not calculated and shown in Table 4.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Column Strength Curves** & \(\mathbf{e_{0}}\)/\(\mathbf{l}\) **for Second-Order Analysis 2** \\ \hline Curve a & 1/400 \\ Curve b & 1/350 \\ Curve c & 1/300 \\ Curve d & 1/250 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Note: \(e_{0}\) is the initial deformation value at the midpoint of the component. \(l\) is the total length of the member.  
\end{table}
Table 2: Representative values of comprehensive imperfections of members Table 5.2.2 in GB50017 [16].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**H-Shapes**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Section**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Geometric Dimensions/mm**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Area/cm2**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Moment of Inertia 3/cm4**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Radius of Cyration 3/cm**} \\ \cline{3-13}  & & \(\mathbf{H}\) & \(\mathbf{B}\) & \(\mathbf{T_{\mathrm{w}}}\) & \(\mathbf{T_{\mathrm{f}}}\) & \(\mathbf{R}\) & & \(\mathbf{I_{\mathrm{x}}}\) & \(\mathbf{I_{\mathrm{y}}}\) & \(\mathbf{I_{\mathrm{x}}}\) & \(\mathbf{I_{\mathrm{y}}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{HW} & HW 150 * 150 & 150 & 150 & 7 & 10 & 8 & 30 & 1620 & 563 & 6.39 & 3.76 \\  & HW 200 * 200 & 200 & 200 & 8 & 12 & 13 & 63.53 & 4720 & 1600 & 8.61 & 5.02 \\  & HW 250 * 250 & 250 & 250 & 9 & 14 & 13 & 91.43 & 10700 & 3650 & 10.8 & 6.31 \\  & HM 300 * 200 & 294 & 200 & 8 & 12 & 13 & 71.05 & 11100 & 1600 & 12.5 & 4.74 \\  & HM 350 * 250 & 340 & 250 & 9 & 14 & 13 & 99.53 & 21200 & 3650 & 14.6 & 6.05 \\  & HM 400 * 300 & 390 & 300 & 10 & 16 & 13 & 133.3 & 37900 & 7200 & 16.9 & 7.35 \\  & HN 300 * 150 & 300 & 150 & 6.5 & 9 & 13 & 46.78 & 7210 & 508 & 12.4 & 3.29 \\  & HN 400 * 200 & 400 & 200 & 8 & 13 & 13 & 83.37 & 23500 & 1740 & 16.8 & 4.56 \\  & HN 450 * 200 & 450 & 200 & 9 & 14 & 13 & 95.43 & 32900 & 1870 & 18.6 & 4.42 \\  & HN 500 * 200 & 500 & 200 & 10 & 16 & 13 & 112.3 & 46800 & 2140 & 20.4 & 4.36 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* Note: The subscripts x and y indicate the major axis and minor axis of a single H-shape.  
\end{table}
Table 3: Hot-rolled H-shapes for specimens (selected from GB/T 11263-2017 [2]).