## 5 Conclusions  
This study underscores the pressing need to improve indoor environmental conditions in childcare facilities to protect the health and development of young children. Hygrothermal monitoring revealed stable temperature (\(T_{a}\)) and relative humidity (\(RH\)) levels, largely falling within the recommended ranges for thermal comfort. The Predicted Mean Vote (\(PMV\)) predominantly stayed within acceptable limits, although occasionally indicated slight warmth, especially during the warmer periods of the campaign. Despite compliance with thermal comfort standards, this stability came at the expense of energy inefficiency, as the air conditioning system remained active even outside operational hours. Air quality analysis revealed consistently high CO\({}_{2}\) concentrations, often exceeding 1200 ppm and peaking at nearly 1900 ppm. These levels significantly surpass both the Spanish standard of 770 ppm and the stricter recommendation of 550 ppm for vulnerable occupants of UNE 171380:2024. The implications range from possible temporary learning difficulties to a significantly increased risk of airborne pathogen transmission, as demonstrated by an Attack Rate (\(AR\)) frequently exceeding 70% for SARS-CoV-2, used here as an example. Passive ventilation strategies, such as partial window openings, proved inadequate to address these issues, emphasizing the need for Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (\(CMV\)) systems. These systems can ensure consistent air exchange rates, reduce infection risks, and maintain thermal comfort without compromising energy efficiency. As discussed in the preceding sections, the architectural design must be tailored to daylight conditions to ensure adequate circadian entrainment, achieved by providing the appropriate quantity and spectral quality of light. The analysis of the nursery design reveals that static architectural approaches, which fail to optimize daylight utilization in interior spaces, often lead to inadequate illuminance levels under specific conditions, thereby disrupting circadian rhythms. This conclusion underscores the importance of incorporating active shading systems, such as slats, blinds, or curtains, to enhance the functionality of interior spaces during children's nap times. These systems are essential to reducing illuminance levels below 100 lx during rest periods, promoting sufficient melatonin secretion. Additionally, during periods requiring stimulation, when melatonin suppression is necessary, a significant reliance on the building's electric lighting system is evident. This system must not only provide functional task lighting but also deliver a suitable circadian stimulus, achieved through adjustments to both luminous flux and spectral composition, to support optimal chronobiological rhythms. These findings suggest deficiencies in circadian lighting, further supporting the call for integrated design solutions that combine advanced ventilation, hygrothermal control, and lighting systems tailored to the specific needs of children in early development. These holistic strategies are critical for fostering safe, healthy, and supportive environments in childcare settings. In future research, the investigation of the implementation of programmable daylight protections will be proposed, activated by time programmers and solar sensors. These protections could include blinds, shutters, or thick curtains. This innovative approach aims to optimize the circadian rhythm of children and staff by regulating exposure to daylight. By adjusting the levels of light entering the rooms, they can either stimulate or suppress melatonin production, thereby enhancing alertness during activity hours and promoting better sleep patterns in rest time. This study will explore the potential benefits of such systems in creating a healthier and more productive learning environment. Conceptualization, G.G.-M., F.R.-L., M.A.C., I.A. and P.B. ; methodology, G.G.-M., F.R.-L., M.A.C., I.A. and P.B. ; software, G.G.-M., F.R.-L., M.A.C., I.A. and P.B. ; validation, M.A.C., G.G.-M., I.A.