## 4 The Second Workshop: Structure and Contents of the STEW Guide
### The Structure of the STEW Guide  
In order to identify the format of the STEW guide, referring to Figure 2, the following sequential steps were implemented: (1) figure out the activities that the POs or BIM suppliers must perform in procuring BIM services in parallel with meeting the ASIPA and NCS requirements; (2) group the activities into the sequential process in procuring BIM services, such as scoping, contracting, monitoring, and compensating, or the three categories in the PSU guide [20]; (3) distinguish the activities the POs should facilitate in each of the groups categorized in step (2); (4) among the activities from step (3), recognize the activities that have not been adequately addressed in the existing guides. The subjects suggested that the sequential process identified in step (2) could represent the format of the STEW guide. The following steps represent in detail the identified activities in step (1):  
1. The POs briefly define the desired scope of BIM services in conjunction with the project delivery methods to be used in the preliminary project feasibility report;
2. The POs submit the report to the PASC and get approval;
3. The POs write out their BIM service requirements in detail, based on the brief BIM service scope already defined--the so-called \"Owner Information Requirements (OIR)\" in the international BIM industry [24];
4. The POs issue the RFQ and the RFP with the OIR to prospective BIM suppliers;
5. The suppliers prepare a pre-contract BEP in accordance with the OIR;
6. The POs choose a winning supplier who satisfies the RFQ, the RFP, and the OIR, and prepare contract documents;The supplier revises a detailed post-contract BEP according to the OIR, and submits it to the POs;
* The POs review the BEP submitted and approve it or notify the supplier in case of any changes required, until achieving a satisfactory BEP;
* The supplier proceeds with BIM services according to the BEP, and the POs perform model quality checks as the BIM services progress;
* The supplier delivers the final BIM deliverables to the POs. The POs evaluate and approve them as the final products of the BIM services. Compensation is delivered according to the contract. After defining the activities, the subjects divided them into four stages as follows: a BIM service scoping stage (BSS)--Activities 1, 2, and 3; a BIM service tendering stage (BTS)--Activities 4, 5, and 6; a BIM service executing stage (BES)--Activities 7, 8, and 9; and a BIM service warping-up stage (BWS)--Activity 10. Figure 4 shows the sequential configuration of the stages. This result shows a different framework from the three categories described in the PSU guide [20], providing a sequential view of the process of procuring BIM services. Activity 9 is divided into Activity 9-1 and 9-2 to represent the repeated delivery and quality check of numerous BIM deliverables according to a BIM execution schedule. The two categories of BIM team selection and contract procurement in the PSU guide [20] obviously belong to the BTS, and the category of project execution is covered by the BES. While configuring this structure, the subjects discussed in detail whether distinguishing the BWS from the BES was practical, because the BWS could be viewed  
Figure 4: BIM services’ procurement stages identified. as a part of the BES, i.e., the ending part of the BES. Most of the guides in Table 4 do not specifically describe compensation details for BIM services. Configuring the issue, the subjects concluded that the POs should prepare for inspection by public auditors regarding what the POs had done as public servants. In the case of a BIM service contract, the auditors will concentrate not only on the suitability of the budget spent for BIM services, but also on the quality of the services designated in the contract. The inspection usually takes place within a few years' interval after the contract has ended. Once mistakes are found in products through auditing, it is the POs who must be held responsible for the fallacies.