## 3 Results  
### Antimicrobial Activity of Eugenol and Isoeugenol Against Gram-Positive Bacteria  
The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of eugenol and isoeugenol, components of essential oils that are known for their valuable biological properties. In order to test their efficacy against the selected microorganisms, they were tested on eleven strains of Gram-positive bacteria. The results of the performed tests, along with the detailed summary of the antimicrobial activity of the two compounds, are presented in Table 2 and illustrated from selected images (Figure 2). For _Staphylococcus aureus_ ATCC 29213, eugenol and isoeugenol exhibited inhibition zones of 16 mm and 16.4 mm, respectively. These results align well with the previous studies reporting the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eugenol against _S. aureus_ ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 \(\upmu\)g/mL, underscoring its effectiveness against this strain. Notably, for methicillin-resistant _Staphylococcus aureus_ (MRSA), the inhibition zone of eugenol measuring 18.6 mm exceeds the values documented in the literature [6; 7; 24], where eugenol was considered effective but with varying MIC results. This observation highlights significant progress in understanding the potential of eugenol in combating antibiotic-resistant strains. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Control**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Control**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Eugenol (EU)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Isoeugenol (IZO-EU)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Statistical Significance**} \\  & & **Negative** & & & & \\ \cline{5-6}  & **(0.9\% NaCl)** & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & [mm] & [mm] & [mm] & [mm] & [mm] & \\ \hline _S. aureus_ ATCC 29213 & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 15.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 16.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 16.4 \(\pm\) 0.9 & * \\ \cline{2-6}  & _S. aureus_ MRSA & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 14.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 18.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 17.4 \(\pm\) 0.5 & ** \\ \cline{2-6}  & _S. epidermidis_ MRSE & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 15.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 18.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 & 16.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & * \\ \cline{2-6}  & _E. faecalis_ ATCC 29212 & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 13.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 11.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 11.4 \(\pm\) 0.5 & - \\ \cline{2-6}  & _E. faecalis_ VRE VanB & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 13.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 14.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 14.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 & * \\ \cline{2-6}  & _E. faceium_ VRE VanA & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 13.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 18.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 17.4 \(\pm\) 0.5 & ** \\ \cline{2-6}  & _E. faceium_ VRE VanB & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 13.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 15.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 16.6 \(\pm\) 0.5 & * \\ \cline{2-6}  & _S. pyogenes_ & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 13.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 24.6 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 20.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 & ** \\ \cline{2-6}  & _S. pneumoniae_ & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 14.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 35.6 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 31.2 \(\pm\) 1.1 & - \\ \cline{2-6}  & _S. agalactiae_ & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 12.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 27.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 23.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 & - \\ \cline{2-6}  & _L. monocytogenes_ & 6.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 12.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 30.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 & 21.6 \(\pm\) 0.0 & - \\ \cline{2-6}  & _the diameter of the sterile disk was 6 mm_ & _Legend_: & & & & \\ - & *: \(p\leq 0.05\) & & & & & \\ - & **: \(p\leq 0.01\) & & & & & \\ - & **: \(p\leq 0.01\) & & & & & \\ - & **: \(-\)” means no statistical significance & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Zones of inhibition of the growth of the selected Gram-positive bacteria around disks soaked with eugenol and isoeugenol. Figure 2: Example images of the results of the disk diffusion method for Gram-positive bacteria. The antibacterial activity of eugenol and isoeugenol against resistant strains, such as _Staphylococcus epidermidis_ and _Enterococcus ficetium_ with the vancomycin-resistant phenotype (VRE) VanA, was also evident. Previous studies indicated varying degrees of susceptibility, but this study suggests higher efficacy of both compounds compared to the results documented in the literature [42].