# Understanding Safety Performance of Prefabricated Construction Based on Complex Network Theory
## 5 Discussion
### Implications for Practitioners  
The transmission and interaction of safety risks in PCSRN make the prefabricated construction more threatening and challenging in terms of safety. For the sake of effective amelioration of prefabricated construction safety performance, managers ought to comprehensively uncover the critical safety risks at each construction phase and develop strategies specific to them.  
On the one hand, to address management safety issues throughout the prefabricated construction process, setting up an interactive platform that promotes safety information exchange among participants is indispensable. Further, an innovative general contracting mode for prefabricated building projects is recommended to prompt all the project stakeholders to coordinate and collaborate prior to and during the construction [3]. At the same time, enhanced prefabricated construction safety performance can be obtained by continuously carrying out standardized and bespoke safety training programs for managers, designers, and front-line operators. Moreover, there is a prominent requirement to develop appropriate safety procedures and standards for strengthening dynamic inspection and management of materials, machinery, and construction quality. Proper modifications with considerations of design for safety (DFS) could have eliminated or alleviated the hazards and risks in the early phase [100]. For implementing the design for safety concept, design professionals ought to change the thinking method, take responsibility for safety, and participate in reinforcing site safety. Additionally, the government should also be on guard against problems related to the design of prefabricated constructions and issue more detailed and pertinent regulations. For example, _General Technical Conditions for Precast Part of Prefabricated Construction GB/T 40399-2021_ issued by the Chinese government clearly stipulates the requirements for the structural design and connection design of prefabricated components.  
On the other hand, the application of advanced digital technologies such as BIM (Building Information Modeling) is supposed to be an advisable means to improve the overall safety performance in prefabricated construction. More than offering new sights to aid safety risk identification through developing an automatic safety rule checking prototype during the design stage [101], BIM technology has a salient positive influence on reinforcing communication and facilitating coordination by storing, updating, and sharing construction information in one common data environment [102]. By integrating with VR technologies, BIM could also enable workers to envisage a virtual construction and achieve \"immersive\" technical clarification. Moreover, BIM can present a proactive optimization of the feasibility for the general layout of the construction site; identify the collision point, conflict point, and other potential hazards in the layout scheme beforehand by integrating the use of GIS [103]. In addition to the advantages mentioned above, BIM multi-dimensional model allows repeated dynamic simulation of the hoisting and installation process of prefabricated components, reducing the damage of prefabricated components prompted by hoisting and installation errors [104]. In simpler terms, BIM technology could be utilized for the life cycle management of prefabricated constructions to mitigate risks, optimize safety decisions, and support project development.