## 4 Conclusions  
In this study, the effects of window opening sizes and their positions on wind-induced natural cross-ventilation performance were numerically investigated using ANSYS software in an isolated building model with a gable roof. Given that the existing literature predominantly focused on simplified rectangular or cubic geometries with limited opening scenarios, this study provided a more comprehensive examination of various opening configurations within a gable-roofed building form. The primary findings obtained from the analyses were summarized below:  
* It was observed that increasing the inlet opening has a strong but non-linear effect on the distribution and intensity of airflow throughout the volume. Although a significant increase in outlet velocity was observed as the inlet opening increased, the fact that the minimum velocity in the middle region occurred at WO4 and WO5 indicated a complex relationship between the opening size and the internal flow balance. The finding suggests that in natural ventilation systems, optimized opening ratios rather than simply larger openings may provide more effective performance.
* It was stated that an improvement in the exit opening had a significant effect on the air flow inside the building. Larger openings increase the air speed in the entrance and middle areas, thereby improving ventilation efficiency, while reducing the speed values in the exit area. Therefore, when optimizing the size of the openings, the aim should be to ensure balanced air flow throughout the entire volume rather than focusing on a single area.
* Among the cross-ventilated isolated building models with fixed outlet window opening size and varying inlet opening sizes, the lowest ventilation rate was calculated in the WO1 model with 0.000418 m\({}^{3}\)/s.
* The ventilation rate improved significantly from WO1 model to WO5 model, reaching 0.004089 m\({}^{3}\)/s.
* The normalized ventilation ratio (Q/Q\({}_{\text{ref}}\)) reached the highest value of 1.372670 in the WO5 model, providing a ventilation ratio 37.27% higher than the reference building model.  
* When the ventilation rates calculated for isolated building models with fixed inlet window size and varying outlet window sizes were analyzed, the LO5 model was the most efficient with a ventilation rate of 0.003814 m\({}^{3}\)/s.
* The LO1 model had the lowest performance in terms of normalized ventilation rate, providing approximately 28% more ventilation than the reference model.
* In the building models with the highest inlet opening of 60 mm, the Upper-Lower model reached the highest ventilation rate of 0.003129 m\({}^{3}\)/s. Among all configurations related to the opening positions, the best ventilation performance was obtained in the Upper-Lower building model.  
The findings indicated that the size and position of window openings significantly influenced indoor airflow patterns, vortex formation, and thus, the effectiveness of wind-driven natural ventilation.  
Conceptualization, H.D.; methodology, H.D. and B.A.; software, H.D. and B.A.; validation, H.D. and B.A.; formal analysis, H.D.; investigation, B.A.; resources, B.A.; data curation, H.D.; writing--original draft preparation, H.D.; writing--review and editing, H.D.; visualization, H.D. and B.A.; supervision, H.D.; project administration, H.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.