# A Systematic Review of the Role of BIM in Building Sustainability Assessment Methods
## 5 Discussion
Figure 11 presents all the software that have been used, at least, in two different studies. A clear trend on the use of Autodesk Revit is noticed, which has been selected in 20 out of 25 publications. Autodesk Revit is mostly used to create and edit BIM models (and then export to specific BIM analysis tools). Still, its capabilities are also used to assess quantitative criteria with the schedule function. Similar conclusions about the trend use were also reached by [35]. Microsoft Excel was the second most used, which was applied in six publications. Twenty-four other software types were also used in the identified publications. On average, 2.8 software types are used in each publication, with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 8. In what concerns the development of a BIM-based assessment for SBTool, only one publication was identified. In this study, a BIM framework is proposed for the assessment of the Portuguese residential version--SBTool\({}^{\text{PT}}\)-H. This can be related to the need to adapt the international SBTool to region-specific factors. LEED and BREEAM have developed international versions, which can be almost directly applied worldwide. Nevertheless, based on [PERSON] et al. [5] and in the current work, in the SBTool\({}^{\text{PT}}\)-H framework, 24 out of 25 criteria were theoretically identified as possible to be evaluated with the support of BIM. Only one criterion regarding the building user guide (which is a sort of checklist) cannot benefit at all from the BIM methodology. By practical implementation the theoretical framework, 17 criteria were already validated with the support of different BIM tools. Autodesk Revit and Microsoft Excel themselves can support the evaluation of 12 out of 25 criteria (site, material and indoor environment-related). These are mainly related to quantitative data from the site and building but also about specific building conditions. Five other criteria (energy and indoor environment-related) were also assessed by exporting an Autodesk Revit model for Cye and GBS software. From the seven criteria that were not validated yet, two region-related criteria can be assessed with similar procedures (Google Maps API) as the ones applied by [PERSON] et al. [48; 51] for LEED. The water-related category (two criteria) can be assessed by using Autodesk Revit and GBS to forecast water consumption and water-saving measures. Three other criteria (LCA-related and economy-related) require the use of Autodesk Revit and Cye Arquimedes (Cype Ingenieros, Alicante, Spain) in combination with other software, such as GBS, Microsoft Excel or Cyetherm REH. Figure 11: Commonly used software (BREEAM and LEED). Overall, to assess 24 out of 25 criteria from SBToolPT-H with a BIM-based process, a total of eight different software types are required. However, half of the criteria can be evaluated only by Autodesk Revit and Microsoft Excel. The current practical integration of BIM in SBToolPT-H allows the evaluation of site-related, energy-related, material-related and indoor environment-related categories. These are the same sustainability assessment categories that is possible to assess in LEED and BREEAM. Figure 12 presents a comparison between the criteria that can be currently assessed with BIM for LEED, BREEAM and SBTool. LEED NC v3 and BREEAM UK Refurbishment and Fit-out 2014 were used as they are the versions with more assessed criteria. For SBTool, both the theoretical proposal and the practical assessment were used to understand the actual and future expected BIM integration. When comparing all the schemes, it is possible to realise that BREEAM UK 2014 has the lowest BIM integration, with only 24% of the criteria being possible to be assessed with BIM. On the other hand, 67% of LEED v3 criteria (excluding Pilot Credits) and 68% of SBToolPT-H criteria can already be evaluated with BIM. According to the theoretical proposal, SBToolPT-H has the potential to be 96% assessed with the support of BIM (seven more criteria than the actual integration).