## 3 Results
### Data Collection
However, for both Thuumatin18 and Thuumatin100 ms, the intensity of Bragg peaks did not decrease in proportion to the exposure time in the range of 1-180\({}^{\circ}\) (Figure 3A,B). In Thuumatin18, the number of Bragg peaks gradually decreased until a rotation of 30\({}^{\circ}\), remained constant until -120\({}^{\circ}\), and increased again at approximately 160-170\({}^{\circ}\) (Figure 3A). Subsequently, the number of peaks decreased rapidly around 180\({}^{\circ}\), remained relatively  
Figure 2: Magnified views of the diffraction patterns of (**A**) Thuumatin18 and (**B**) Thuumatin100 ms recorded at oscillation angles of 1\({}^{\circ}\), 180\({}^{\circ}\), and 360\({}^{\circ}\). constant around 220-300\({}^{\circ}\), increased again around 330-340\({}^{\circ}\), and then rapidly decreased around 360\({}^{\circ}\) (Figure 3A). Even in the case of Thaumatin100 ms, the number of Bragg peaks did not tend to decrease in proportion to the X-ray exposure time in the range of 1-180\({}^{\circ}\) (Figure 3B). At around 30\({}^{\circ}\) and 160\({}^{\circ}\), the number of Bragg peaks increased from the initial number. In contrast, the number of Bragg peaks detected after 180\({}^{\circ}\) was similar to that of the previous 1-180\({}^{\circ}\); however, the relative number of detections decreased (Figure 3B). We speculate that Bragg peaks increase at certain angles (for example, 160\({}^{\circ}\) for Thaumatin18 and 30\({}^{\circ}\) for Thaumatin100 ms) in the data because the corresponding fresh crystal volume exposed to X-rays is larger than that in the other regions. Ultimately, if a crystal is larger than the X-ray beam, then depending on the crystal shape and mounting \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Data Collection** & **Thaumatin18** & **Thaumatin100 ms** \\ \hline Wavelength (Å) & 0.97942 & 0.97942 \\ Temperature (K) & 100 & 100 \\ Processed image number & 1–360 & 1–360 \\ Rotation range per image (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 1 & 1 \\ Total rotation range (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 360 & 360 \\ Exposure time per image (s) & 1 & 0.1 \\ Space group & P412,2 & P412,2 \\ _a, b, c_ (Å) & 57.898, 57.898, 150.952 & 57.931, 57.931, 150.520 \\ _a, \(\beta\), \(\gamma\)_ (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 90.0, 90.0, 90.0 & 90.0, 90.0, 90.0 \\ Resolution range (Å) & 54.06–1.13 (1.17–1.13) & 45.91–1.13 (1.17–1.13) \\ Total No. of reflections & 2,299,141 (208,169) & 2,350,491 (206,041) \\ No. of unique reflections & 96,842 (9523) & 96,680 (9513) \\ Completeness (\%) & 99.96 (99.87) & 99.89 (99.84) \\ Multiplicity & 23.7 (21.9) & 24.3 (21.6) \\ Mean I/sigma(I) & 9.24 (1.48) & 11.37 (1.30) \\ CC1/2 & 0.998 (0.406) & 0.999 (0.647) \\ CC\({}^{\star}\) & 0.999 (0.760) & 1.000 (0.886) \\ Wilson B factor & 8.07 & 11.46 \\ \hline \end{tabular} Values for the outer shell are given in parentheses.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Data collection and refinement statistics. Figure 3: Analysis of the diffraction images of Thaumatin18 and Thaumatin100 ms. Number of Bragg peaks as a function of I/sigma value for (**A**) Thaumatin18 and (**B**) Thaumatin100 ms. (**C**) I/sigI with summation and profile fitting for Thaumatin18 and Thaumatin100 ms. (**D**) Rmerge values of Thaumatin18 and Thaumatin100 ms.  
orientation of the crystal, Bragg peaks at a stronger intensity will be observed at a certain angle regardless of the exposure time. However, because X-rays penetrate the crystal, after a crystal is rotated 180\({}^{\circ}\), it no longer provides a fresh volume through which X-rays do not penetrate. Therefore, after 180\({}^{\circ}\), X-rays pass at least twice through the whole crystal volume. As a result, Bragg peaks are significantly reduced based on the 180\({}^{\circ}\) rotation. In Thaumatin\({}^{18}\), -1700 Bragg peaks were observed when the I/sigma value was 5 at 60\({}^{\circ}\), but only \(\sim\)1000 Bragg peaks were observed at 240\({}^{\circ}\). In addition, when I/sigma was 10, 20, and 30, the number of observed Bragg peaks was reduced by \(\sim\)65% compared with that at the initial 1\({}^{\circ}\).