## 3 Potential Applications in Biological Studies  
### Raw Material Derivatives  
A raw material is a basic material that is used for the generation of a new material with greater application potential. Currently, glycerol represents one of the most versatile and available raw materials due to the large production of biodiesel, from which large tonnages of glycerol co-product are obtained [118]. Another highly abundant raw material is xylan, a major biopolymer associated with plant hemicelluloses [119]. Taking into account their abundance, it is interesting to explore ecologically sound applications for these raw materials.  
In 2016, two methodologies describing the functionalization of xylan through reaction with cyclic carbonate **1e** were reported. [PERSON] and co-workers [120] first described the functionalization of xylan **92** to deliver modified polysaccharides **93** (Scheme 49A) through a DBU-catalyzed reaction in DMSO at 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Two different xylans were evaluated, with a special focus on the effects of the reaction time, temperature, and amount of xylan in the reaction mixture. Samples were analyzed mainly using NMR spectroscopy regarding their degree of substitution (DS) and molar substitution (MS). The products were further characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and SEC, and also regarding their water solubility.  
A few months later, the same group [121] reported that differences in temperature and time were determining factors in the synthesis of xylan derivatives. Considering the decarboxylation process that occurs in the reaction medium, the authors observed a significant difference between reactions performed at 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C and at 160 \({}^{\circ}\)C. When the reaction proceeds at 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C, derivatives with low substitution levels are preferably obtained, with longer reaction times being required to obtain highly substituted xylanes **92**. Moreover, as DMSO undergoes degradation at high temperatures, a reaction proceeding at 140 \({}^{\circ}\)C is preferred. The remaining hydroxyl group on the hydroxyvinyl appendage of xylan **93** then reacts with another vinyl carbonate molecule, leading to product **94** (Scheme 49B).  
In 2016, [PERSON] and co-workers [122] used two renewable materials for the synthesis of the glyceryl glycoside **95**. The Ferrier allylic rearrangement involving GC **1a** and tri-O-acetyl-D-glued **96** provided a mixture of diastereomers **95** with 31% yield, together with degradation products (Scheme 50). Considering their possible effects on the reaction, both the reaction time and the quantity of Lewis acid were reduced, resulting in a modest increase in the yield to 40%. Finally, an optimized set of mild conditions was established--by stirring a mixture of glucal, GC **1a** (1.2 equivalent), BF3-Et2O (0.1 equivalent). and 4A molecular sieves in CH2 Cl2 at \(-\)40 to \(-\)20 \({}^{\circ}\)C for 10 min provided glycoside **95** with 84% yield (diastereoisomeric mixture) after flash column chromatography. This protocol was used to prepare the starting material for a CuAAC reaction to induce the formation of glucoglycerol-1,2,3-triazole derivatives.