# Near-Space Wide-Area and High-Resolution Imaging System Design and Implementation
## 1 Introduction  
Aerial remote sensing is a comprehensive detection technology that uses optical, radar, and other technologies to obtain ground information through carrier platforms, such asmanned aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, balloons, etc. It is flexible, low-cost, has a better vibration environment compared to airborne platforms, and is widely used in disaster monitoring, topographic mapping, military reconnaissance, and other fields [1; 2; 3]. Wide-area and high-resolution imaging technology is an important means of obtaining large, wide, and high-resolution ground information, and is also a key development direction in the field of remote sensing imaging in various countries around the world [4; 5; 6]. Near space generally refers to the space between 20 km and 100 km above the ground. The atmosphere in the adjacent space is thin, and the influence of water vapor, atmospheric refraction, and scattering on optical observation is very small, and it is very suitable for wide area surveillance [7]. As the most important indicators to measure the performance of imaging systems, width and resolution are two mutually constraining aspects of the technology. Wide-area and high-resolution imaging systems have broad application requirements, and researchers all over the world have proposed various new imaging structures and special methods to achieve wide-field-of-view and high-resolution imaging, including high-resolution camera scanning, multi-camera imaging, biomimetic optical imaging, and sensor array splicing imaging. High-resolution camera scanning imaging utilizes a high-resolution camera to scan and capture a large number of images, which can then be concatenated to obtain high-resolution images with a wide field of view. This method is a mature technologywith high engineering reliability and the ability to freely adjust the imaging field of view and resolution, and it has other advantages due to its lightweight structure and simple operation control [8; 9; 10]. Multi-camera combined imaging indicates that the imager uses multiple imaging devices to capture spatial scenes at the same time, and each adjacent imaging device has a certain field of view overlap, a wide-field-of-view high-resolution image is obtained through the stitching of captured images; this method eliminates the rotating scanning mechanical structures and solves the time delay problem of the single camera scanning and shooting method [11; 12]. The biomimetic optical imaging system is similar to multi-camera combination imaging, with the main difference being the design of the optical lens. It consists of dozens or even thousands of stacked or juxtaposed small imaging components with its wide-field-of-view decomposition, compact structure, and good multi-target fast parallel detection and tracking functions [13; 14]; however, the pixel number of a single sensor still cannot meet practical application requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate and splice multiple sensors to obtain larger pixel scale detectors. This solution has a high implementation cost and requires high splicing accuracy, and it is mainly used in large astronomical telescopes [15; 16; 17]. The aerial high-resolution camera is based on an optical system with a large aperture and long focal length. Under the condition of maintaining the spatial resolution, an increase in the imaging width will result in a rapid increase in the complexity, volume, and weight of the system, which are limited by the loading capacity of the platform and the attitude control capability. High-precision pose control and motion compensation technology have become key technologies that need to be addressed in the development process of large, wide, and high-resolution aerial camera systems. In this paper, a high-resolution camera is designed and used for fine imaging of ground objects, and wide coverage is achieved through swing scanning by a photoelectric sphere.