## 1 Introduction  
Training intensity is considered a fundamental variable for the design of resistance training programmes [1; 2; 3]. The one-repetition maximum has been the most widely used method for quantifying training intensity [4; 5]. However, the main drawback of this approach is that it requires the performance of a maximal lift [3] or a number of repetitions with submaximal loads to failure [6; 7]. Recently, many authors, based on the force-velocity relationship [8], have recommended the use of velocity feedback to quantify training loads [1; 9; 10]. This approach is based on a previously reported high correlation (R\({}_{2}\) > 0.97) between the load and the mean velocity at which each load is lifted [10; 11; 12]. Velocity-based training (VBT) requires measurement of the velocity at which the barbell is moved in the concentric phase with regard to different resistance exercises, which provide accurate, indirect estimations of the 1 RM without the need to perform a maximal lift [7; 13; 14]. It has been reported that barbell velocity during the bench press, back squat, and bench pull are highly correlated with training intensity in terms of %1 RM [15; 16; 17; 18]. It has been further underlined that controlling barbell velocity is a good way to monitor resistance training intensities [19; 20].  
The ability to punch with high-impact force is important for many athletes. In the case of boxers, maximal and explosive strength of the upper body are strongly related to punch impact force [21]. Due to the close similarity to punching movement patterns, some authors have reported the use of the landmine punch throw (LPT) test to assess the speed-strength component of punching [22]. During this test, an athlete pushes and throws one end of the barbell at an approximately 60\({}^{\circ}\) angle from the floor while the other end of the barbell is inserted into a landmine attachment on the floor [22; 23].  
However, there is no gold standard for assessing punch performance. A variety of assessment devices and protocols have been applied, such as pressure sensors, motion capture systems, accelerometers, force transducers, and force platforms [24; 25; 26]. Linear position transducers (LPTs) are often used for measuring velocity in resistance exercises through a vertical displacement of a cable that is attached to the barbell [27; 28]. In some studies, it has been reported that LPTs seem to be the most reliable and valid tool [7; 21; 29; 30]. Recently, the GymAware linear transducer (GYM; Kinetic Performance Technologies, Canberra, Australia) has become increasingly popular in the monitoring of resistance training and optimisation of training prescriptions [31; 32; 33]. [PERSON] et al. [33] reported that it appears to be the most valid; nonetheless, its reliability was evaluated only for deadlifts and squats, but there are no studies in which it would have been assessed for upper body movement [17; 18].  
We hypothesised that the GymAware linear transducer may be similarly reliable when measuring barbell velocity for upper body movement during the landmine push throw test. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the reliability of the GymAware linear transducer for the measurement of barbell velocity during the landmine push throw test applying four loads.