# A 5G-Based VR Application for Efficient Port Management
## 1 Introduction
The proposed smart port application allows users to obtain an immersive experience in a completely virtual environment while still achieving operations such as grabbing and moving through a VR handle. To leverage 5G technology to enhance mobile broadband for the VR-based application, we proposed an Edge-Cloud architecture for VR applications. It extends the traditional cloud-edge-end model [4; 16; 17] by a domain-specific topology for smart ports. This paper demonstrates a series of applications of smart port in assisted driving, remote manipulation, intelligent security, emergency systems, and intelligent cargo management systems. Specifically, this paper aims at ship information visualization, modeling and simulation on ships, and applies the simulation data to the visualization of ship information. Taking a large cruise ship as an example, we established a model of the cruise ship and cabin and a virtual ocean scene. The traditional elements of the terminal such as cranes, cargo, trucks, and containers were visualized using the Unity3D virtual reality engine [18]. The end devices are connected to the Huawei VR Glass. The operation of a container crane is with high precision requirements in port operations, and the rash operation by unskilled workers will bring certain risks [19; 20; 21]. We built a three-dimensional (3D) virtual environment of each board of the port, which can visualize the operation process planning of the port. It can greatly optimize the human labor cost, time consumption, and safety level without the requirement of a specific field/room in the training of machinery operation and port operation process, ship operation, etc. The system can move the experiments, practical training, and other skills training to the virtual environment. The proposed application can also aptly demonstrate complex, abstract, internal structures, and phenomena that are not suitable for direct observation. They show the operation process in an all-around and multi-angle way and create an interactive virtual scenario to provide viewers immersive experience, thus dramatically enriching the intelligent development of the port. The problem this paper tries to solve is to study the feasibility of adopting 5G and VR in smart ports. This paper not only shows the possibility of smart port applications based on 5G + VR, but also demonstrates its reliability and QoS constraints in real-world smart port operations. The biggest difference between the system architecture proposed in this paper compared to other port systems is the immersive construction based on a real port in a VR environment. The system proposed in this paper can be used to assist inexperienced operators to obtain familiar with various scenarios. It can also be used to concatenate information from various departments in the terminal so that operators at remote locations can arrange paths, plans, etc. The main problems with current VR technology are the high latency, high data volume, and low video quality that cause poor user experience. With these disadvantages, traditional VR technology cannot be applied to the industry such as port and remote-controlling. However, thanks to the development of 5G technology, the network data transmission rate, packet loss rate, and reliability are greatly improved compared to 4G. It provides the possibility to use VR technology in industrial scenarios, to improve efficiency, safety and lower human labor cost. This paper performs an elaborate analysis on data transmission, packet loss, and reliability in VR applications under 5G networks. The specific experimental verifications are listed in Chapter 4 of this paper. The problems addressed in this paper are as follows. 1. A new 5G + VR smart port architecture is proposed, and the feasibility analysis is carried out under certain conditions through the upload rate, packet loss rate, and stability. 2.