## 2 Literature Review
To better understand the interactions among factors, MICMAC analysis can be combined with ISM to further clarify key drivers and dependencies, enhancing the model's explanatory power. To date, the combined ISM-MICMAC approach has been widely applied across various research fields. [PERSON], using socio-technical theory, ISM, and MICMAC, studied the influencing factors of emergency management for college and university incidents from four subsystems: personnel, technology, organization, and environment. The results indicated that the organizational management subsystem is the most essential factor, and standardizing organizational structures and strengthening regulations are necessary to ensure effective emergency management from the ground up [33]. [PERSON] et al. summarized and integrated risk factors for large sports events and then applied the ISM model to explore the hierarchical and logical relationships between these factors. Using MICMAC, they created a driver-dependence diagram for verification analysis, supporting risk management at large sports events [34]. [PERSON] et al., based on the context of fires and other emergencies in escape room venues, studied 26 factors affecting the evacuation of people from such spaces across four dimensions: personnel, building structure, environment, and fire management. Using Antagonistic ISM, MICMAC, and Network Hierarchy Analysis, they categorized these factors by importance, highlighting the need for stakeholders to address the deeper root causes to prevent the impact of emergencies at the source [35]. [PERSON] et al. developed a safety grading index system for emergency responders in building collapse scenarios and constructed an improved Grey-DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC model to assess risk levels. The results indicated that addressing safety education should be considered the top priority, contributing to the improvement of emergency response levels in China [36]. [PERSON] et al. used ISM, MICMAC, and DEMATEL to study the key characteristics of urban physical resilience in emergencies and their interactions. The results indicated that \"redundancy\" and \"robustness\", as two essential features supporting urban physical resilience, can inform resilience-based urban and spatial planning to bridge the gap between the theory and practice of urban physical resilience [37]. In summary, although previous studies have explored factors influencing emergency cognitive ability from single perspectives, such as disaster attention and crisis perception, there is a relative lack of systematic research on college students' emergency cognitive ability. In existing emergency management research, methods like ISM and MICMAC are widely applied to analyze interactions among multiple factors, but their application to the college student population is limited. Additionally, these studies often have methodological gaps and fail to fully reveal the hierarchical structure and driving relationships among factors. Based on this, the present study proposes a combined ISM-MICMAC model to systematically analyze the factors influencing college students' emergency cognitive ability, clarifying the hierarchical relationships and interdependencies. This approach aims to provide a theoretical framework and practical recommendations for emergency education and management in colleges and universities, addressing a gap in the field.