## 4 Materials and Methods
### Real-Life Examples  
Following the definition of the main constructive systems, some real-life examples that have a potentially positive impact on the environment, due to the application of deconstruction strategies and techniques, are highlighted. In the context of this research, an \"example\" corresponds to a building whose construction and deconstruction took place according to the principles of sustainability, both in regard to the consequent reuse and recycling of deconstructed components and materials, and from the environmental point of view, related to the reduction of waste destined for landfills and the greenhouse emissions emitted during the lifecycle. Below, some real-life examples have been presented to show how the deconstruction potential can help to create more sustainable buildings and lead to better deconstruction outcomes. Chartwell School is a building in Seaside, California that was designed to be adaptable and demountable, and it is an interesting example regarding the choices made in the design phase to allow the building to be efficiently deconstructable. For the structural wooden frame, larger wood modules were preferred to the most common modules on the market in order to have a lower number of pieces. In the end, this resulted in a 30% saving of  
Figure 7: Buildings made of prefabricated components scheme (drawing by [PERSON]). construction timber compared to a conventional approach [74]. To simplify the connections and assembly of the roof, prefabricated structural insulating panels were chosen that are connected by bolting and therefore can be easily removed and reused. The wall covering has been fixed with a double-fold clip system since the use of bolting has been excluded due to the possibility that in the future it could be painted and that the paint would make the screws difficult to remove. Finally, the designers, in order to increase the deconstruction efficiency, have created a digital library that includes all the information necessary for the deconstruction of the building elements at the end of the lifecycle. They have also marked the structural pieces in a permanent way for easier identification [74]. The \"Whole House Reuse\" (WHR) is a project realized in Christchurch, New Zealand, with the aim to recover and reuse materials from a residential home and to create new products using the recovered materials. In addition, the organization of exhibitions for the local public to promote awareness of the conservation of resources and sustainable deconstruction practices has been foreseen. Following the devastating earthquake that affected New Zealand in 2011, which resulted in 10.000 homes being declared unfit for occupation and requiring demolition, the WHR project started within the context of post-earthquake response as a sustainable answer to the destructive demolition and wastage [75]. As such, the project celebrates a thoughtful and resourceful alternative and demonstrates the careful nature of deconstruction, which enables high-quality products to be upcycled from salvaged resources. The house selected for the deconstruction was carefully dismantled part by part by an interdisciplinary team of professional workers and volunteers. The recovered elements were identified, classified, quantified, catalogued and suitably archived in preparation for the reuse phase of the project. The mentioned items were carefully categorized based on a physical assessment of the quality of the harvested materials and level of reusability, reparability, and recyclability. The WHR project allowed the recycling and reuse of about twelve tons of recyclable materials collected from the building in question, materials that, in the absence of the application of deconstruction practices, would probably have ended up in landfills. The study estimates that recovered materials could potentially save around 502.158 M] of incorporated energy and prevent carbon emissions of around 27.029 kg (CO\({}_{2}\)e) [75].