## 3 Results
### Hip Joint
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Joint**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Variables**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Neutral**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Inside**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Outside**} \\ \cline{5-8}  & & & **6 mm** & **9 mm** & **6 mm** & **9 mm** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{**Knee**} & \multirow{8}{*}{**Sagittal**} & ROM (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 39.46 \(\pm\) 6.59 & 38.51 \(\pm\) 4.59 & 38.79 \(\pm\) 6.12 & 37.24 \(\pm\) 6.15 & 37.95 \(\pm\) 6.24 \\  & & Peak angular velocity (rad/s) & \(-\)30.0 \(\pm\) 1.34 & \(-\)2.37 \(\pm\) 1.30 & \(-\)3.53 \(\pm\) 1.31 & \(-\)**1.93 \(\pm\) 1.90 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)31.4 \(\pm\) 1.36 \\  & & Peak moment (Nm/kg) & \(-\)3.10 \(\pm\) 0.48 & \(-\)2.89 \(\pm\) 0.46 & \(-\)2.83 \(\pm\) 0.73 & \(-\)**3.80 \(\pm\) 0.56 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)3.26 \(\pm\) 0.86 \\  & & Maximum power (w/kg) & 15.06 \(\pm\) 3.78 & 15.31 \(\pm\) 4.71 & 13.20 \(\pm\) 6.05 & **19.89 \(\pm\) 6.04 \({}^{\star}\)** & 17.32 \(\pm\) 7.22 \\  & & Minimum power (w/kg) & 7.90 \(\pm\) 4.00 & **3.92 \(\pm\) 1.61 \({}^{\star}\)** & **5.20 \(\pm\) 4.71 \({}^{\star}\)** & **5.40 \(\pm\) 5.43 \({}^{\star}\)** & 7.61 \(\pm\) 2.70 \\  & & Positive work (J/kg) & 34.84 \(\pm\) 1.06 & 3.10 \(\pm\) 1.04 & 2.91 \(\pm\) 1.75 & **4.52 \(\pm\) 1.28 \({}^{\star}\)** & 3.98 \(\pm\) 1.61 \\  & & Negative work (J/kg) & / & / & / & / / & / \\ \cline{2-8}  & \multirow{8}{*}{**Frontal**} & ROM (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 9.52 \(\pm\) 4.00 & **7.16 \(\pm\) 3.98 \({}^{\star}\)** & **7.19 \(\pm\) 4.41 \({}^{\star}\)** & 8.05 \(\pm\) 3.88 & 8.29 \(\pm\) 3.88 \\  & & Peak angular velocity (rad/s) & 16.11 \(\pm\) 0.47 & 1.80 \(\pm\) 0.54 & 1.68 \(\pm\) 0.58 & **2.13 \(\pm\) 0.64 \({}^{\star}\)** & 1.90 \(\pm\) 0.55 \\  & & Peak moment (Nm/kg) & \(-\)1.61 \(\pm\) 0.13 & **-1.35 \(\pm\) 0.24 \({}^{\star}\)** & **-1.34 \(\pm\) 0.24 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)1.60 \(\pm\) 0.18 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)1.76 \(\pm\) 0.43 \\  & & Maximum power (w/kg) & 2.19 \(\pm\) 0.84 & 1.52 \(\pm\) 0.86 & **1.17 \(\pm\) 0.33 \({}^{\star}\)** & **1.48 \(\pm\) 0.51 \({}^{\star}\)** & 1.67 \(\pm\) 0.49 \\  & & Minimum power (w/kg) & \(-\)2.43 \(\pm\) 0.75 & \(-\)2.32 \(\pm\) 0.67 & \(-\)2.16 \(\pm\) 1.06 \({}^{\star}\)** & **-3.22 \(\pm\) 0.74 \({}^{\star}\)** & **-3.22 \(\pm\) 1.51 \({}^{\star}\)** \\  & & Positive work (J/kg) & 0.24 \(\pm\) 0.09 & **0.16 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\star}\)** & **0.13 \(\pm\) 0.07 \({}^{\star}\)** & 0.17 \(\pm\) 0.10 \({}^{\star}\)** & 0.19 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\  & & Negative work (J/kg) & \(-\)0.14 \(\pm\) 0.08 & \(-\)0.11 \(\pm\) 0.06 & \(-\)0.13 \(\pm\) 0.07 \({}^{\star}\) & \(-\)0.17 \(\pm\) 0.06 \({}^{\star}\) & \(-\)0.16 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{**Knee**} & \multirow{8}{*}{**Sagittal**} & ROM (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 25.55 \(\pm\) 2.95 & 24.89 \(\pm\) 4.53 & 24.39 \(\pm\) 2.83 & **22.18 \(\pm\) 3.96 \({}^{\star}\)** & 22.84 \(\pm\) 2.47 \\  & & Peak angular velocity (rad/s) & 6.89 \(\pm\) 0.65 & 6.29 \(\pm\) 1.17 & 6.43 \(\pm\) 0.60 & **6.23 \(\pm\) 0.99 \({}^{\star}\)** & 6.35 \(\pm\) 0.54 \\  & & Peak moment (Nm/kg) & 1.85 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 1.61 \(\pm\) 0.50 & 1.83 \(\pm\) 0.57 & **1.10 \(\pm\) 0.54 \({}^{\star}\)** & 1.65 \(\pm\) 1.08 \\  & & Maximum power (w/kg) & 5.21 \(\pm\) 1.80 & 4.50 \(\pm\) 2.90 & 5.04 \(\pm\) 3.17 & **2.16 \(\pm\) 1.38 \({}^{\star}\)** & 4.34 \(\pm\) 3.07 \\  & & Minimum power (w/kg) & \(-\)5.99 \(\pm\) 1.54 & \(-\)5.02 \(\pm\) 1.30 & **-4.20 \(\pm\) 1.98 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)5.25 \(\pm\) 1.13 \({}^{\star}\) & \(-\)5.51 \(\pm\) 2.19 \\  & & Positive work (J/kg) & 0.45 \(\pm\) 0.25 & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.32 & 0.55 \(\pm\) 0.47 & **0.15 \(\pm\) 0.11 \({}^{\star}\)** & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.36 \\  & & Negative work (J/kg) & \(-\)0.48 \(\pm\) 0.10 & \(-\)0.41 \(\pm\) 0.11 & **-0.34 \(\pm\) 0.23 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)0.55 \(\pm\) 0.14 \({}^{\star}\)** & \(-\)0.47 \(\pm\) 0.32 \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{**Ankle**} & \multirow{8}{*}{**Sagittal**} & ROM (\({}^{\circ}\)) & 23.45 \(\pm\) 5.83 & 27.82 \(\pm\) 7.15 & **29.08 \(\pm\) 5.96 \({}^{\star}\)** & 22.56 \(\pm\) 4.58 & **24.13 \(\pm\) 5.38** \\  & & Peak angular velocity (rad/s) & 7.31 \(\pm\) 0.90 & **6.39 \(\pm\) 0.63 \({}^{\star}\)** & **6.32 \(\pm\) 1.27 \({}^{\star}\)** & **6.64 \(\pm\) 0.98 \({}^{\star}\)** & **6.34 \(\pm\) 0.98 \({}^{\star}\)** & **6.34 \(\pm\) 0.95 \({}^{\star}\)** \\  & & Peak moment (Nm/kg) & 3.08 \(\pm\) 0.25 & -3.19 \(\pm\) 0.39 & \(-\)3.17 \(\pm\) 0.41 & -3.33 \(\pm\) 0.35 \({}^{According to the SPM1D results presented in Figures 3 and 4, significant differences were observed compared to the NS condition.