## 6 Results
### MFAS Results
This achieves the fifth objective, which states \"To evaluate the micro-behavioral fingertip analysis system in terms of its capability to improve liveness detection and detect the willingness of fingerprint placement\". Further, the results show that the MFAS is capable of mitigating attacks on the sensor level with a fake fingerprint or a user being coerced to submit their fingerprint and archives the sixth objective, which states \"To test the main hypothesis of whether a micro \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Trial** & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Condition**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Average**} \\ \hline  & **Dry Skin** & **Dry Skin** & **Wet Skin** & **Wet Skin** & **All** & **Optimal** \\  & **Dry Surface** & **Wet Surface** & **Dry Surface** & **Wet Surface** & **(One Wet)** \\ \hline Enrollment with willingness behavior & 88\% & 96\% & 94\% & 91\% & 92.25\% & 95\% \\ Fake fingerprint used by a legitimate user & 68\% & 72\% & 71\% & 62\% & 68.25\% & 71.5\% \\ Fake fingerprint used by an attacker & 52\% & 57\% & 61\% & 55\% & 56.25\% & 59\% \\ Unwillingness fingerprint behavior & 59\% & 64\% & 67\% & 56\% & 61.5\% & 65.5\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Results of a traditional fingerprint-based biometric system using MFAS with OCSVM micro-movement behavior matching. behavioral fingertip analysis system in a fingerprint-based biometric system can mitigate attacks on the sensor level with a fake fingerprint or coerced use\". Finally, the results show promise in terms of the capability of the MFAS in supporting the main hypothesis, which states that \"Micro-behavior measurement of the fingertip as it is placed on the touch-based sensor surface over time until a fingerprint is fully formed is a valid mechanism to verify if the fingerprint is fake or real and if a user is coerced\". Figure 13 depicts the overall results, with and without the MFAS, in the four scenarios. It clearly shows a decrease in the matching score between an attacker using a fake fingerprint and a legitimate user and between a legitimate user when willing to provide their fingerprint and when being forced to do so. The results show that, if the predefined threshold of the micro-behavior matching component is set to 72%, none of the attacks, whether using a fake fingerprint or forcing a user to submit their fingerprint, would be successful, thus providing traditional fingerprint-based biometric systems with a component that can mitigate such attacks. The MFAS system provides a novel micro-behavioral-based measurement component in fingerprint-based biometric systems to improve their resistance to sensor-level fingerprint attacks such as constructed and coerced fingerprints. The micro-behavioral measurement differentiates between a live fingerprint and a fake fingerprint and differentiates between a willing and a coerced fingerprint placement, where an OCSVM is used to create a match between a legitimate fingerprint and a fake fingerprint and a willingly placed fingerprint and a coerced one. Finally, the micro-behavioral proposed component is placed in a traditional fingerprint-based biometric system and shows promising results in terms of improving the liveness detection of a fingerprint using the behavioral measurement and a promising result in terms of determining if a user is willing to or coerced into providing their fingerprint.