# Magic of 5G Technology and Optimization Methods Applied to Biomedical Devices: A Survey
###### Abstract  
Wireless networks have gained significant attention and importance in healthcare as various medical devices such as mobile devices, sensors, and remote monitoring equipment must be connected to communication networks. In order to provide advanced medical treatments to patients, high-performance technologies such as the emerging fifth generation/sixth generation (5G/6G) are required for transferring data to and from medical devices and in addition to their major components developed with improved optimization methods which are substantially needed and embedded in them. Providing intelligent system design is a challenging task in medical applications, as it affects the whole behaviors of medical devices. A critical review of the medical devices and the various optimization methods employed are presented in this paper, to pave the way for designers to develop an apparatus that is applicable in the healthcare industry under 5G technology and future 6G wireless networks. biomedical devices; fifth generation (5G); optimization methods; sixth generation (6G) +
Footnote †: journal: Medical Devices: A Survey  
(i.e., antennas and amplifiers) must be properly designed as their output responses can affect the performance of the whole system [8]. Biomedical devices are significant tools as they can be used to diagnose, assist in delivering health care, and treat patients by providing access to the physiological data of patients [9]. These are employed for various targets such as medical imaging, bionics, and clinical engineering which use implanted devices [10]. Figure 1 illustrates one of the uses of biomedical devices as one of the active wearable sensors used for collecting the physiological data from a patient, before transferring the data to the hospital through the wireless networks. This task provides many benefits as it helps doctors diagnose critical diseases such as cancer in a shortest time with reduced cost, and paving the way for doctors to continuously consider the patient's body behavior [11]. Additionally, electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyography (EMG), and implanted devices are some of the other uses of biomedical devices through the 5G wireless networks [12]. Typically, there are two license-free distant operations of medical devices introduced by medical implant communication system (MICSs) and industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) bands, where the frequency range of MICS is 402-405 MHz and for the ISM band is 902-928 MHz, 2.4-2.5 GHz, and 5.725-5.875 GHz [13; 14]. Biomedical devices, especially implanted medical devices, can be equipped with wireless systems, including (i) electronic circuits and (ii) antennas for exchanging and transferring data between various apparatuses [15; 16]. Usually, the antennas can be of different structures such as dipole, loop, slot, and microstrip patch antenna; the diverse types of medical amplifiers comprise differential, operational, instrumentation, chopper, and isolation to gather and increase the signal integrity [17; 18]. One example of the usefulness of devices such as smart physiological sensors is that the patient can monitor their health at a reduced cost. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various biomedical devices employed in the recently published literature. Various used designs, simulation results, and challenges of the designs are highlighted and required challenges around the various techniques are provided. This research can pave the way for designers and engineers in more reliable and easily determining accurate and suitable designs/circuits. In many cases, this requires high-performance optimization methods. Some of them are also mentioned below. Figure 1: Conceptual diagram of a patient–physician relationship through wireless networks using active wearable sensors: here it includes antennas and amplifiers located in the belt of the patient. This comprehensive review is organized into five sections. Section 2 presents the connection of biomedical devices with 5G and next-generation technologies.