## 3 Classification and Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles
### Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Material** & **Synthetic Method** & **Size** & **Reference** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{AuCu} & Chemical reduction & 8.3 nm, 20–25 nm & [25; 84] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Chemical reduction using green synthesis & \multirow{2}{*}{5–50 nm} & [68] \\  & with Vitamin C & & \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{AuPd} & Hydrothermal conditions and & \multirow{2}{*}{40 to 65 nm, 150–200 nm} & [85] \\  & microwave irradiation & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Chemical reduction & 1.6 nm & [58] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Sonochemical & 5–9 nm & [59; 60; 86; 87] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Microwave-assisted polyol & 9 nm Au core, 3 nm Pd shell & [63] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Seed-mediated growth & 5 nm & [50] \\ \cline{2-4}  & 35–100 nm & [88] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Green synthesis & 7 nm & [99] \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{AuPt} & Chemical reduction & 3 nm, 6 nm & [90; 91] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Successive/reduction & 30 nm & [66] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Galvanic replacement & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} The apex–apex length of the \\ concave nanocubes is 12.81 nm \\ \end{tabular} } & [92] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Transmetalation reaction/replacement & 10–20 nm & [93] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Seed-mediated growth & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 3–8 nm pearlike \\ 5–8 nm pearutilike \\ 7–10 nm cloverlike \\ \end{tabular} } & [94] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Ultrasonochemical reduction & 39.5–101.6 nm & [95] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Hydrothermal conditions and & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 30 nm \\ with Vitamin C \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} [85] \\ 5–50 nm \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \cline{2-4}  & & Chemical reduction using green synthesis & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 5–50 nm \\ \end{tabular} } & [68] \\ \hline PtCu & Chemical reduction using green synthesis & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 50–60 nm \\ with Vitamin C \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{\
\begin{tabular}{c} [68] \\ 50–60 nm \\ \end{tabular} } \\ \cline{2-4}  & PtRu & Hydrothermal (thermal decomposition) & 2.5 nm & [62] \\ \hline PtPd & Chemical reduction & 5–8 nm, 13 nm & [10; 96] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Sonochemical & 2–3.6 nm & [97] \\ \hline PdAg & Galvanic replacement & Nanobox 63 nm in edge length & [98] \\ \hline PtAg & Galvanic replacement & Nanobox 63 nm in edge length & [98] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Radiolytic synthesis & 3–20 nm & [99] \\ \hline RhCu & Soft-templating strategy & 74–135 nm & [100] \\ \hline CuAg & Sono and electrochemical synthesis & 10–80 nm & [101] \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{FePt} & Chemical reduction & 3 nm, 12 nm & [34; 102] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) & 9 nm & [103] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Thermal decomposition & 12 nm & [104] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Polyol (chemical reduction) & 3–12 nm & [23; 105; 106; 107] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Sonochemical & 3–5 nm & [108] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Hydrothermal & 9.4 nm & [109] \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{FeCo} & Chemical reduction & 9 nm & [110] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Physical vapor nanoparticle-deposition & \multirow{2}{*}{
\begin{tabular}{c} 3–100 nm \\ \end{tabular} } & \multirow{2}{*}{[39]} \\ \cline{2-4}  & technique & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Thermal decomposition & 4,7 nm & [111] \\ \cline{2-4}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Sputtering gas condensation technique} & 12.8 nm & [112; 113] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._