## 1 Introduction  
The fee that electric energy consumers pay for being able to make use of it, commonly known as electricity access rate, is split into two terms in the majority of European countries: a variable term and a fixed term [1]. The variable term is associated with the energy consumed by the user (kWh), while the fixed term corresponds to the contracted power (kW), defined as the maximum power that the user can consume before the power-limit switch is triggered. Commonly, the fixed term is over-dimensioned, meaning that the usual consumption along a day is considerably lower than the power consumption limit, the latter being reached only during a few instants per day. This behaviour is specially representative of industrial consumption, forcing them to contract a high fixed electricity term due to very few high power consumption peaks [2]. Modifying this electrical consumption pattern could lead to a more intelligent use of the energy in industrial buildings, to the fostering of the \"prosumer\" behaviour among industrial consumers, and to the improvement of the efficiency of transmission and distribution of the electricity across the power grid. Among the different solutions proposed in the literature for achieving this goal, the inclusion of photovoltaic panels is presented as a feasible solution in [3; 4], although the vast majority of studies opt for implementing an energy storage system (ESS) so that the joint consumption profile of the ESS and the industrial building is modified, as in [5; 6; 7] among other studies. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) arise as the most promising ESS candidates for their connection in buildings and infrastructures, both industrial and residential, considering that this is one of their most prominent and leading uses [8]. The benefits of including BESS encompass the majority of the electricity value chain, including peak shaving and continuity of supply for residential and industrial customers, ancillary and power quality services for transmission and distribution system operators, and flexibility and curtailment minimization for renewable generation companies [9]. Nevertheless, selecting a BESS for its connection to an industrial consumption for reducing the peak power consumption is not straightforward. A wide variety of solutions is offered by battery manufacturers, so a dimensioning process based on a techno-economic assessment is required in order to help decision makers. This techno-economic assessment will incorporate the load characteristics, the BESS technical features and its cost. In this regard, BESS dimensioning for reducing the electricity access fee in industrial buildings has been studied together with photovoltaic in [10; 11], where a dimensioning process is proposed for a BESS and photovoltaic installation by using a brute force methodology, and applied to peak shaving and prosumer purposes, and for working isolated from the grid. In addition, the authors in [12] analyse the economic viability of BESS integration under different tariff structures and systems configurations, although a generalized and simplified ageing for the Li-ion BESS has been assumed for the yearly cost calculations. Thus, the importance of the BESS charge/discharge profile has not been taken into account properly. A similar approach is proposed in [13; 14] for residential consumption. Both papers assess the economic viability of integrating BESS at a residential level with and without subsidies. However, these studies lack a detailed analysis of the BESS lifespan, since they neglect its influence in the overall yearly costs. Further studies, such as [15], analyse the peak shaving of decentralised residential BESS for load peak shaving. The proposed BESS model includes the battery efficiency and SoC estimation, but an over-simplified battery ageing assumption is made, where the payback period of the battery varies linearly with the battery size.