## 3 Results
### RQ3: How Should Psychometrics Assess Emotional Experience?
#### 3.5.2 Statistical Analysis: Non-Parametric Methods  
This type of test was mainly used as a post hoc test, as shown in Table 6. Bonferroni correction and method were used to analyze emotional assessments: valence and arousal, electrode position, and condition or task with the electrophysiological data [29; 35]. The Spearman test was used to correlate subjective emotional assessments with electrophysiological data [54]. The studies that employed electrocardiographic and electrodermal signals used Wilcoxon test [62] and bootstrapping methods [64], respectively. Finally, \(\chi^{2}\) test was used to compare pathological conditions and discrete emotions [43].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Test** & **Variables** \\ \hline Spearman’s test & Subjective evaluation and electrophysiological signals \\ \hline Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparison & Condition, valence, arousal, electrode, and electrophysiological data \\ (post hoc) & Time period with the tonic and phasic HRV \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 6: Summary of non-parametric tests used in the revised literature.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Test** & **Variation** & **Variables** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Anova} & \multirow{8}{*}{Repeated measures} & Stimuli effect on electrophysiological signals \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Hemisphere (Laterality or electrode position), regulation strategy or cognitive task \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Difference on emotional tasks (emotion recognition or regulation) considering electrophysiological signals between groups \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Associations with mental or physical issues (extraversion, neuroticism, and menstrual cycle phase) \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Emotions and groups versus electrophysiological data \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Group and condition for ER \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Three-way & Group, electrode, and emotion stimuli vs electrophysiological data \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Four-way & Age, gender, stimuli, and electrode versus ERP \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Mixed design & Group differences and stimuli effect on electrophysiological signals \\ \cline{3-3}  & & MANOVA & Differences in tasks \\ \cline{3-3}  & & Mass univariate & Average occipital theta perturbations \\ \cline{3-3}  & & ANCOVA & Gender, regulation strategy and hemisphere \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{_t_-test} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Emotion regulation and EEG frequency. Post hoc test: stimuli, task and time,} \\  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{-} & groups, condition, and activity; electrophysiological data; groups; effectivity and time \\ \hline Pearson’s test & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Emotion regulation and electrophysiological data} \\ \cline{3-3}  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{-} & Emotion recognition conditions, emotions, factor time window and physiological \\ \cline{3-3}  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{-} & data \\ \hline [PERSON]’s HSD & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Valence and emotion recognition vs electrophysiological data} \\ \cline{3-3}  & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Comparisons between emotional conditions and electrophysiological data} \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Summary of parametric tests used in the revised literature. Variations of ANOVA were the most common statistical tests.