## 4 Considerations and Implications  
The methodology that has been built allows us, first, to identify innovations; second, to group them in innovation areas; and third, to build an index and assess the impact of the innovation. This approach is utilized as a tool for increasing knowledge and improving it for small-scale farms [40; 41]. This methodology is developed in three stages: firstly, a participative methodology proposed by [12] that enables the building of synthetic indexes from a group of variables is used. Other studies use a similar methodology in livestock mixed farms on the Ecuadorian coast [12], Mexico [27] and Spain [37]. In the second stage, the data were collected. Finally, logistic regression was used to assess the impact \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Coefficient \(\beta\)** & **Std. Err.** & \(P\) & **Odds Ratio** &
\begin{tabular}{l} **IC 95\% Odds Ratio** \\ **Min** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline PMP & 1.621 & 0.482 & 0.001 & 5.059 & 1.968 & 13.905 \\ Intercept & –1.459 & 0.351 & 0.000 & 0.233 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Odds ratios of included variables based on a logistic regression on the viability of farms \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Areas** & **A1** & **A2** & **A3** & **A4** & **A5** & **Global** \\ \hline A1. Management & 1 & 0.40 & 0.19 & 0.16 & 0.35 & 0.60 \\ A2. Feeding & & 1 & 0.29 & 0.29 & 0.36 & 0.79 \\ A3. Genetics & & & 1 & 0.25 & 0.27 & 0.59 \\ A4. Reproduction & & & & 1 & 0.35 & 0.54 \\ A5. Health & & & & & 1 & 0.63 \\ Global & & & & & & 1 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Spearman correlation matrix among innovation areas. of innovation. It was focused on the importance of implementing a process management program on the viability of the farms [25]. Nevertheless, other authors propose other quantitative methodologies to analyze the innovation [4], such as principal components, cluster analysis and structural equations. Also, the use of these methodologies could improve the results achieved. The association among process areas through Spearman correlations has been confirmed, according to [26] in Ethiopia and [15] in Ecuador. Independently from the used innovation, the innovation must be studied as a systemic-organizational approach, which considers all innovation areas. It is based on several attributes of the system, such as adaptive and holistic character [34]. Moreover, positive interactions were found among the different areas and the implementation of new innovations often requires promoting a process management program that allows reaching an adequate level of innovation adoption [9]. The authors of [23] indicate than innovation is not a linear process; on the contrary, it is very interactive, collaborative, collective, transdisciplinary and requires the consensus of several stakeholders [11; 15]. The development of this mixed methodology, both qualitative and quantitative, implies an approximation between science and reality, with a growing preoccupation with the improvement of government policies for rural development and the challenges faced by the smallholders and family farms (viability, food supply, food security, _etc._). According to [23], in order to deepen the new paradigms, the question mainly is: what are the links between livestock, food industry, science and rural livelihoods for small-scale farms? The obtained results agree with [31], who found that the innovation level in agriculture depends on the flows of knowledge and the quality of the linkages between producers and other agents of the value chain. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD 2011 report considers that most of the smallholders lack appropriate technical assistance for innovation adoption [39]. In this way, [36] estimate that only between 3% and 10% of smallholders in Mexico get technical assistance. This value is very low, regardless of the quality of the service, the process of adoption, the impact, and the used innovation consistency.