###### Abstract  
This paper investigates the response and characteristics of the narrowband power line communication (NB-PLC) technique for the effective control of electric appliances such as smart air conditioners (SACs) for demand side management (DSM) services. The expression for temperature sensitivity by examining the influence of atmospheric temperature variations on power consumption profile of all possible types of loads, i.e., residential, commercial, and industrial loads is derived and analyzed. Comprehensive field measurements on these power consumers are carried out in Lahore, Pakistan. The responses of low voltage channels, medium voltage channels, and transformer bridge for a 3-500 kHz NB-PLC frequency range are presented for DSM services. The master control room transmits control commands for the thermostat settings of SACs over power lines, crossing the transformer bridge to reach the SACs of power consumers by using communication protocol smart energy profile 1.0. The comparison of hourly and daily power consumption profiles under evaluation loads, by analyzing typical and variable frequency air conditioners on setting thermostat temperature at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C and 27 \({}^{\circ}\)C conventionally and then by using DSM control technique, is analyzed. A prominent reduction in power consumption is found with the implementation of the DSM control technique. demand response; demand side management; low voltage; medium voltage; narrowband power line communications 20221524820221524820221524820221524820221  
cost-effectiveness by reducing energy retail prices with the emergence of distributed generation (DG) and smart grid (SG). This will also help reduce fuel costs, which form about 25% of the total revenue of utility companies [1; 2]. One approach of efficient operation is to involve consumers in load shaping processes which are not only environment friendly but also help minimize operating expenses (OPEX) and capital expenditures (CAPEX). Research in the last four decades has seen an increased emphasis on DSM, demand response (DR), and load management research; a number of DSM programs with varying degrees of success have been proposed. In developed countries, including the United States, consumers have the facility of remote metering systems, which, if upgraded, can efficiently manage consumption based on dynamic energy retail price provided in real-time by utility companies. The growing economies and population in the developing countries imitate serious challenges related to the demand and supply management of electrical power. Interconnected traditional and distributed electricity generating stations are used to tackle the growing demand for electricity [3]. A central communication link is used to connect the distribution system with the energy transmission infrastructure. It includes the interconnection of various components of consumers and networks through a smart control center capable of providing reliable and efficient electrical power management. Hence, a new concept of SG is capable of handling the dynamic management of renewable energy systems (RES) by providing options for consumers to return surplus energy to the network and act as \"prosumers\" [4]. Although several years of research efforts may be required to formulate a comprehensive framework, ongoing research efforts are trying to provide an initial understanding of SG communication technology, its various elements, and possible applications. Several options regarding the mode of communication are available, including both wireless and wired technologies such as optical fibers and power lines. Among them, power lines provide an economical option because of their omnipresence around the world [5]. Power line communication (PLC) technology has evolved over the years from a low frequency to a high-frequency communication capable of handling large data at high speeds. Electric power line communication exists in many different types, for example, broad-band-based PLC, ultra-narrowband PLC, and narrowband PLC.