## 4 Case Study Projects  
### General Project Information--Project A  
Project A is a new 75-bed mental health substance use building of 40,163 square meters comprising the following: a central energy plant, including the fit-out of equipment required to service the whole existing campus; four levels of underground parking; associated tunnel and bridge connections to the current campus; and an advanced ITfiber optic and utilities pathway that ties into city infrastructure and enables advanced health care technologies. The project started in February 2017, and the construction was estimated to be completed by the summer of 2020. The initial project budget was approximately $260 million. It is located in Canada, and it was procured using a Design-Build delivery method.  
The owners had limited expertise in BIM, and project A was a pioneer project of this scale to have formal owner-mandated BIM requirements for FM. The general contractor and trades had previous experience with BIM projects but limited knowledge of the FM-enabled BIM process. Although the design firm is listed among the top ten international design firms [86], dealing with BIM requirements for FM was a new experience for the local team involved.  
The owners, one of five regional health authorities in BC, Canada, are responsible for the delivery of hospital and community-based health services to over 1.8 million people. The asset managed by the owners comprises one million square meters of lease space across 85 sites including 12 acute care hospitals, 7760 long-term care beds, outpatient care facilities, surgery centers, mental health and public health clinics, and space for home health and community care services and is supported by over 26,000 employees.  
Although the Facilities Maintenance & Operations (FMO) team deals with approximately 18,000 maintenance requests per year at the campus where project A is located, the asset information digitally available in their CMMS provides limited support for the execution of these maintenance jobs. During a site visit, the maintenance planner provided a demonstration of the CMMS and the asset information available before the completion of project A. The maintenance planner mentioned that a lot of information in the system was not being kept up to date. An assessment of 80 categories of key assets for maintenance in the existing facilities, including 1275 assets, revealed that the information available in the CMMS at that moment precluded an optimal response to reactive maintenance and hindered thorough planning of preventive maintenance. This assessment revealed, for example, that 73% of the assets had no information about their maintenance procedures, which is typically contained in maintenance manuals. Other relevant fields of information in the system were also missing, as shown in Figure 5.  
In an effort to optimize FMO activities through better-informed decisions, the Asset Risk and Quality Technical Services department (ARQTS) of the owners proposed the implementation of BIM as a requirement for the delivery of their future projects, starting with project A.  
Figure 5: Percentage of missing fields of information for the existing facilities prior to project A. More than half of the verified assets did not have any information about maintenance manual location, warranty, or serial number.