# Effect of Hybrid Knitted Structure on Clothing Pressure
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Sleeve Pressure  
As a way to understand subjective wearing sensation, the sleeve pressure was evaluated and shown in Table 1 for the wrist, elbow, and bicep. These locations were selected to understand both the amount and distribution of pressure as individual arm circumferences significantly vary at the wrist, elbow, and bicep. The average pressure across these three sections represents the total pressure applied to the arm, which is critical for meeting the functional goals of clothing pressure, such as improving circulation, reducing swelling, stabilizing muscles and joints, and enhancing performance and recovery [1; 2; 14; 16]. The sleeves exerted greater average pressure on the wrist (20.3 mmHg) than on the elbow (17.3 mmHg) and bicep (17.5 mmHg) which seemed to be due to the dimension of the sleeve circumference [1; 36]. The effects of inlaid sleeves varied depending on the base structure of sleeves. However, all inlaid sleeves exhibited a higher level of pressure on the wrist, elbow, and bicep, indicating a strain range of 25-50%. The increase in pressure on the arm can be attributed to the higher stretch modulus observed at strains of up to 50% for all fabrics after inlay yarn insertion (\(p\) = 0.0001) (Figure 5a,b). This increase in applied pressure on the arm at specific strain level shows that the range of strain plays a critical role in determining the effect of inlay yarn (Figures 4 and 5a,b). According to Table 1, the increase in pressure on the wrist, elbow, and bicep is more significant for the single jersey sleeve after inserting inlay yarn compared to other sleeves. This could be explained by the fact that in the single jersey fabric, the strain reduced at 100 N after the inlay yarn was inserted in the wfet and warp directions, resulting in a more stable and compact fabric (Figure 4a,b). The increase in applied pressure on the elbow and bicep by the 1 \(\times\) 1 mock rib sleeve after the insertion of the inlay yarn is less significant compared to the other sleeves. This was due to the greater thickness and weight of the 1 \(\times\) 1 mock rib fabric that makes the compressive structure of 1 \(\times\) 1 mock rib (Figures 6 and 7) [28; 37; 38]. It is noteworthy that a statistically significant difference in applied pressure was found across the wrist, elbow, and bicep regions for the single pique and 2 \(\times\) 2 mock rib sleeves (\(p\) < 0.0001). No statistical difference was observed between elbow and bicep pressures for the commercial, single jersey, single jersey inlaid, single pique inlaid, 1 \(\times\) 1 mock rib, 1 \(\times\) 1 mock-rib inlaid, and 2 \(\times\) 2 mock-rib inlaid sleeves (\(p\) > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between wrist pressure and the other two pressures (elbow and bicep) for all sleeve types (\(p\) = 0.0001), except for the single pique inlaid sleeve (\(p\) = 0.56). As indicated by the correlation coefficients in Figure 8a,b, the applied pressure on the arm is correlated with the thickness (Y = 8.708 + 5.349 \(\times\) X) and weight (Y = \(-\)2.09 + 0.01726 \(\times\) X) of the fabrics, and this finding agrees with previous studies [28; 39; 40]. The 1 \(\times\) 1 mock-rib inlaid, being the thickest and heaviest fabric (Figures 6 and 7), generated the highest stretch modulus