## 1 Introduction  
Edible vegetable oils are a source of lipids in human diets, providing energy, essential fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins [1,2]. With the growth of the global population, there is an increasing global demand for fat sources. Edible oils are used not only for direct consumption but also in food preparation, frying, baking, cooking, making salads, and as components in other industries [3, 4, 5]. Sunflower oil ranks among the five most common edible oils in the world, as well as sunflower seeds in the total production of oilseeds worldwide [6, 7, 8]. The fatty acid composition of sunflower oil significantly influences its oxidative status and, consequently, its potential applications. Standard sunflower oil is rich in polyunsaturated linoleic acid, with a content ranging from 45.4% to 74.0% [9]. To increase the oxidative stability and potential applications of sunflower oil, breeders have worked on altering the fatty acid composition in newly created hybrids [10]. Breeders have focused on increasing the content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitic, stearic, and especially oleic acid, leading to the development of various types of sunflower hybrids. Since oleic acid has gained increasing attention worldwide in recent years due to its beneficial health effects, particularly its association with a reduced risk of coronary diseases [11,12], the production of sunflower hybrids with high oleic acid content has increased, as well as the production of high-oleic sunflower oil. The oleic acid content in these oils ranges from 43.1% to 71.8% [9], making it more oxidatively stable and expanding its range of applications [13,14]. The method of oil extraction affects the content and composition of minor compounds that have functional properties and contribute to the oxidative stability of the oil. Cold-pressed oils are considered to have high nutritional value. Recently, the cold-pressing technology for oil extraction has become a desirable alternative to the widely used chemical oil extraction due to consumer demand for safe and natural edible products [15, 16, 17]. The advantages of cold-pressing technology at an industrial scale include lower energy consumption and lower investment costs. This oil extraction method does not use toxic solvents and does not generate wastewater, ensuring a safe working environment for employees. Mechanical oil extraction (cold-pressing) has a lower environmental impact compared to chemical extraction (using solvents) and shows greater flexibility as the processing of different seed types is quick and easy. Cold-pressed oils are preferred over refined oils because they contain more antioxidants and bioactive components such as sterols, carotenoids, and phenols. Furthermore, cold-pressed oils contain naturally occurring bioactive substances like phenolic compounds and tocopherols, which enhance the oxidative stability of the oil [18,19]. The main disadvantage of mechanical oil extraction through cold-pressing is its low efficiency and uneven quality [20]. Most cold-pressed oils contain high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which negatively affect oxidative stability. Cold-pressed oils also contain higher amounts of pro-oxidative compounds, resulting in shorter shelf-life compared to refined oils [21,22]. Mechanical oil extraction involves the use of hydraulic presses or screw presses powered by motors [23,24]. The advantages of screw presses over hydraulic presses are their slightly improved yields and the ability to continuously adjust the processing. The oil yield depends on the pre-treatment of the seeds (dehulling, drying, and enzymatic processing) and the parameters applied during the cold-pressing process. Cold-pressing machines have a simple working scheme, where the oilseed is fed into an inlet, and oil and cake are produced [25]. In principle, the seed is placed between chambers, where pressure is applied to reduce the available volume, thus extracting the oil from the seed [26,27].