## 3 Results
### Thresholds and Cycle Characteristics of the Contributions of LPRO's Elements  
The land marketization level, land price and advanced utilization level have significant single-, double- and double-threshold effects on LPRO's macro effects, respectively, whereas there is no threshold value for the effect of the distance to the city center on LPRO's macro effects (Tables 7 and 8). The significance of the regression coefficients and relevant  
Figure 10: Contributions of LPRO’s elements in the western region. impact increasing and becoming significant. When the land price is greater than the second threshold value, a further increase in the land price continues to significantly facilitate the promotion of LPRO's macro effects, with a larger positive regression coefficient (\(p<1\%\)). Therefore, the land price has significant \"U\"-shaped threshold effects on the improvement in LPRO's macro effects. Against resource shortages and increasingly tense relationships between humankind and land, lower land prices not only fail to exert LPRO's macro effects but also may lead to price distortion and the inefficient use of land resources, hindering the improvement in LPRO's macro effects, whereas reasonably high land prices not only directly realize the value of LPRs but also guide the upgrading and adjustment of the industrial structure, stimulate China's socioeconomic growth, and increase the advancement of LPRO's macro effects. On the basis of the threshold mechanism of advanced utilization on LPRO's macro effects (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.7402, F = 150.52, \(p<1\%\)), when the advanced utilization level is less than its first threshold value of 0.5192, the increase in the advanced utilization level has a significant positive association with LPRO's macro effects, revealing that even when the advanced utilization level is low, the increase in the advanced utilization level also accelerates socioeconomic development and improves LPRO's macro effects. When the advanced utilization level is between the first threshold value of 0.5192 and the second threshold value of 0.7652, the influence on LPRO's macro effects resulting from the increase in the advanced utilization level continues to be significantly positive (\(p<1\%\)); however, in comparison, the positive promotion coefficient of this cycle decreases more than that of the previous cycle. When the advanced utilization level is greater than the second threshold value of 0.7652, the increase in the advanced utilization level still has a significant positive impact, but its positive promotion coefficient continuously decreases. Therefore, the advanced utilization level distinctly facilitates the improvement of LPRO's macro effects, but its contribution has a downwards trend. In the earlier development stage, the advanced utilization level is highly important in bringing about a miracle in terms of China's socioeconomic development. However, under the current transition of China's economic growth slowdown, China needs more industrial structure transformation and upgrading; thus, the advanced utilization level still plays a positive role in stimulating LPRO's macro effects, whereas the continued decline in its positive regression coefficient also means that the excessive pursuit of the advanced utilization level may be counterproductive. The threshold effect of the land marketization level on LPRO's macro effects (R\({}^{2}\) = 0.5995, F = 112.83, \(p<1\%\)) shows that as the land marketization level does not reach the threshold value of 0.111, its improvement has a prominent positive influence on LPRO's macro effects, with a regression coefficient of 0.0273 (\(p<5\%\)), which proves that accelerating land-market-oriented construction contributes to encouraging LPRO's macro effects. When the land marketization level crosses the threshold of 0.111, a further increase in the degree of land marketization promotes the growth of LPRO's macro effects to a greater extent, with a larger regression coefficient of 0.1192 (\(p<1\%\)).