## Related Works  
Multipath routing protocols have been extensively researched in the last few decades and several MANETs paradigms which are said to possess the ability to provide reliable communications, ensure load balancing, and improve QoS have been designed by researchers [36]. Multipath routing is an additional heuristic dimension introduced into routing paradigms with the intention to improve end-to-end delay, reduce packet overhead, and maximize network lifetime. In the first version of OLSR reactive routing protocol introduced in [37], some specific nodes named as Multi-Point Relay (MPR) are selected during routing to minimize traffic overhead and copes with message flooding problem in the network. These MPR nodes are selected two hops away from neighbor node to be used for forwarding packets to the destination. Thus, excessive load induces on MPR nodes contributes to the rapid depletion of their battery and increases the chance of link failure. [PERSON] and [PERSON] et al. [38] proposed a Fuzzy logic based novel routing scheme, Neuro-fuzzy, a fuzzy-genetic techniques for the quality attributes of MPR nodes selection. Meanwhile, they applied the Soft Computing (SC) technique for the selection of qualified MPR node to improve energy efficiency and network lifetime for reliable data transmission in MANETs. Novel strategies for selection of MPR nodes using a simplified OLSR routing protocol were proposed in [39] without the addition of a signaling message to forwarding packets. In addition to that, the main aim is to optimize the network performance by reducing the number of signaling messages, collision & traffic congestion, and energy consumption in the network. In [40], the authors proposed a proactive Multipath Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (MOLSR), in which new cross-layer metric and node discovery algorithm are employed to build two disjoint paths between source and destination node. The first disjoint path is used for data communication, whereas the second path acts as an alternate path in case link failure occurs in the first path. Moreover, the MOLSR routing protocol broadcasts a smaller number of topological messages as compared to OLSR for the discovery of multiple paths between source to destination node. The results prove that it provides a better route selection mechanism and reduces packet overhead for the network. In [41], a modified OLSR routing scheme called OLSRM for reliable routing and energy conservation in the network is proposed, which selects mobile nodes based on the energy awareness and drain rate. The OLSRM aims to maximize MPR lifetime and minimizes routing overhead in the network. Due to the scalability problem of flat routing schemes in ad-hoc networks, in [42] the authors presented the Heterogenous OLSR routing (HOLSR) scheme, which is more suitable for large-scale heterogeneous networks. The HOLSR scheme utilizes multiple interfaces and reduces control message overhead in the network to improve the performance of the routing mechanism. The authors in [43] introduced a multipath routing scheme called Quality OLSR routing (QOLSR), in which path selection criteria is based on the multiple QoS routing metric such as bandwidth and delay. The paths are loop-free and multiple node disjoint, computed by using shortest-widest path algorithm. Moreover, a correlation factor is presented which defines the number of links between each two disjoint paths to minimize the interferences between multiple paths to achieve better QoS with improved network resource utilization. [PERSON] et al. [44] proposed a point-based mobility factor computing technique for route selection which provides better routing performance for frequent topology changing scenarios in MANETs. The point-based mobility factor value is estimated based on the pause time, speed and moving direction of the mobile nodes for the static and dynamic scenario. Moreover, the Mobility Aware Routing (MAR) technique based on the mobility factor is used for the route selection process.