## 4 Procedure  
The complete experiment was divided into several stages.  
1. **Recruitment**: Subjects were hired through an online advertisement. An Online advertisement includes an information sheet that includes questions about age, nationality, driving experience, technology adaptation test, and prior knowledge about AV Out of 65 willing subjects. Twelve participants with gender-balanced representation were hired. The average age of hired participants was 35.8 \(\pm\) 1.32 years. All hired participants have their cars with a valid Chinese license. Moreover, all hired participants' previous month's driver was around 100 Kms. All hired participants were familiar with AVs' notion, with an average score of 3.8 \(\pm\) 0.7 on a 5-point Linkert scale. To implement the solution across other countries, the affinity for technology interaction (ATI) scale was used to assess their tendency to engage in intensive technology interaction or avoid it. This scale is significant in transportation and new technology studies [53]. The average score for female subjects was 4.57 \(\pm\) 0.51, whereas, for male subjects, the average was 4.85 \(\pm\) 0.16. The average score of all 12 hired participants was 4.71 \(\pm\) 0.42, representing a very high affinity for technology interaction. A score between 4 and 5 represents a \"high affinity for technology interaction\". Figure 4 shows the individual ATI score of each participant.
2. **Contracting:** Each hired participant needed to bring driving licenses to verify they were a legal driver on the experiment day. After verification, each participant got a piece of verbal information and a written information sheet about the experiment. The information sheet had all the relevant information, including time taken to finish, demo questionnaires, COVID-19 restrictions, data protection, gift money, and contract forms. Subjects had to read and sign this carefully and return the two copies of the contract to the person in charge. It was particularly ensured that the hired participants did not know about the purpose of the experiment.
3. **Zero session:** Participants are allowed to sit in a patrol car. Volunteers gave the instruction and two rounds of a ride to each participant inside the laboratory to get familiar with the patrol car system. After this, participants can drive the patrol car while a volunteer sits beside them to monitor their driving skills. Subjects got enough time to get used to the dark environment and the system. During these zero sessions, cameras inside the patrol vehicle (overtaking vehicle) were adjusted.
4. **Session Overtaking:** The first session was with a patrol vehicle (overtaking vehicle). Each participant has to drive the vehicle and complete 21 rounds (trials) in the lab. During this experimental condition are shown to the driver in random order. At the end of each trial, participants stop the vehicle at the stopping point and fill out a questionnaire.
5. **Session Ego:** The second session was in the ego vehicle. Each participant had to sit comfortably in the stationary vehicle (ego vehicle) to pretend he was driving on the highway while the other person was driving a patrol vehicle (overtaking vehicle). During this experimental condition are shown to the driver in random order. When the subject stopped the patrol vehicle, the subject in the stationary vehicle was instructed to fill out a questionnaire.
6. **End of the experiment**: At the end of each session, participants fill out the Plutchiks wheel of emotion and system usability scale questionnaire.  
The whole experiment was conducted on a pair of two subjects. One subject drives a patrol vehicle, and the other sits in the ego vehicle. Experimental conditions were randomly distributed, and each condition repeats 3 times during the experiment. During this whole process, participants were unaware of the actual purpose of the experiment. Instead, we told them about the testing and getting data on the remote sensors inside the vehicle at different points. Figure 5 shows the hierarchical process of the experiment.