## 4 Empirical Analysis
### Discussion  
The ranking of the AI is \(OM>CR=RS>ME>PC\) and the ranking of the II is RS \(>\) PC \(>\) ME \(>\) CR \(>\) OM based on the AIA approach as illustrated in Table 12. There are eight development paths (RS\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)PC\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)OM\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)CR\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)CR\(\rightarrow\)PC\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)CR\(\rightarrow\)OM\(\rightarrow\)ME; RS\(\rightarrow\)CR\(\rightarrow\)OM\(\rightarrow\)PC\(\rightarrow\)ME) in the evaluation system, based on the NRM approach. Further, we can improve the disadvantage aspects/criteria through the advantage aspects/criteria based on the aspects/criteria rank of AI and II. The ranking of the AI is \(OM>CR=RS>ME>PC\), and the ME aspect can be improved through RS aspect based on the first development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)ME[3]). The PC aspect can be improved through the aspect of RS based on the second development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)PC[5]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]), and then the ME can be improved by OM aspect based on the third development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)OM[1]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]) as illustrated in Table 12. The ME aspect can be improved through the CR based on the fourth development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)CR[2]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]). The PC aspect can be improved through the OM aspect based on the fifth development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)OM[1]\(\rightarrow\)PC[5]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]). The PC aspect can be improved through the CR, and the CR aspect can be improved through RS aspect based on the sixth development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)CR[2]\(\rightarrow\)PC[5]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]). The ME aspect can be improved through the OM, based on the seventh development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)CR[2]\(\rightarrow\)OM[1]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]). The PC aspect can be improved through the OM, based on the eighth development path (RS[2]\(\rightarrow\)CR[2]\(\rightarrow\)OM[1]\(\rightarrow\)PC[5]\(\rightarrow\)ME[4]), as illustrated in Table 12. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Aspects**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**IIA**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**NRM**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Strategy**} \\ \cline{2-2} \cline{4-7}  & **AI** & **II** & **(AI, II)** & **d + r** & **d - r** & **(R, D)** & \\ \hline Professional competence (PC) & \(-0.934\) & \(0.858\) & (L, H) & \(70.170\) & \(-0.408\) & ID (+,-) & B \\ Operation management (OM) & \(1.687\) & \(-1.569\) & (H, L) & \(70.930\) & \(-0.084\) & ID (+,-) & D \\ Critical resources (CR) & \(-0.126\) & \(-0.107\) & (L, L) & \(70.505\) & \(1.036\) & D (+,+) & C \\ Regulatory system (RS) & \(-0.126\) & \(0.887\) & (L, H) & \(68.126\) & \(1.036\) & D (+,+) & B \\ Market expansion (ME) & \(-0.501\) & \(-0.069\) & (L, L) & \(69.805\) & \(-1.580\) & ID (+,-) & C \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Notes: The development strategies include four types: Development strategy A (Direct acquisition), development strategy B (In-house development), development strategy C (Maintain status) and development strategy D (Strategic alliance).  
\end{table} 
Table 11: The improvement strategy for digital transformation. Figure 5: The AIA-NRM analysis for digital transformation. The ranking of the II (importance index) is RS \(>\) PC \(>\) ME \(>\) CR \(>\) OM, and the aspect of ME aspect can be improved by the RS aspect, based on the first development path (RS[1]\(\rightarrow\)ME[3]) and the aspect of ME can be improved through the PC and PC can be improved by the RS aspect based on the second development path (RS[1]\(\rightarrow\)PC[2]\(\rightarrow\)ME[3]), as illustrated in Table 12. The aspect of OM can be improved by the RS aspect based on the third development path (RS[1]\(\rightarrow\)OM[5]\(\rightarrow\)ME[3]).