# Advances, Progress, and Future Directions of Renewable Wind Energy in Brazil (2000-2025-2050)
## 3 Wind Farm Projects: Experiences in Brazil
### Onshore Wind Energy Projects--In Operation (2000-2025)
#### 3.1.11. Resume of the Total Installed Capacity of Wind Energy in 2025  
Table 12 summarizes the main characteristics of onshore wind farms operating in Brazil, including their installed capacities and the national total for wind power [32]:  
According to Table 12, by 2024, Brazil's 10 largest onshore wind farms will be in operation. The wind farm with the lowest installed capacity is Ventos de Sao Vitor with 465 MW, while Alto do Sertao has the highest capacity, at 1073.5 MW. These 10 wind farms represent a total installed capacity of 7580.55 MW. In Figure 19, it is possible to see a summary indicating the amount of annual energy generated in GWh and the capacity factor of each onshore wind farm that is in operation in Brazil. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Number** & **Wind Farm Name** & **State** & **Concession Owner** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Installed Capacity** \\ **(MW)** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
1 & Alto do Sertao & Bahia & Renova Energía/Renova Inc & 1073.5 \\
2 & Lagoa dos Ventos & Piaui & Enel Green Power & 1063.05 \\
3 & Rio do Vento & Rio Grande do & Casa dos ventos, Salus, Perfin Ares & 1038 \\
4 & Assuruña & Bahia & Omega Geracão & 808.1 \\
5 & Ventos de Santa Luzia & Bahia & Producão independente de energia & 724.5 \\  & & & eletrica (PIE) & 687.9 \\
6 & Campo Largo & Bahia & Engie Brasil & 687.9 \\
7 & Chui & Rio Grande do Sul & Omega Geracão & 582.8 \\
8 & Chafariz & Paraiba & Neoenergia & 571.2 \\
9 & Otits & Bahia-Piaui & Neoenergia & 566.5 \\
10 & Ventos de Sao Vitor & Bahia & Essentia Energia & 465 \\  & & & **Total Installed Capacity** & 7580.55 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 12: Onshore wind farm project in operation in Brazil by 2024. Figure 19: Comparative graph for annual energy production and capacity factor for onshore wind farms in Brazil. As indicated in Figure 19, the highest annual energy production comes from Alto do Sertao, with approximately 3855 GWh, while Chui has the lowest, with 1786 GWh. The capacity factors range between 0.35 (Chui) and 0.43 (Chafariz). Lastly, Figure 20 illustrates the historical evolution of installed onshore wind capacity in Brazil, in megawatts [33]. Based on Figure 20, it can be observed that the implementation of wind energy in Brazil began to intensify in 2005, with steady growth from 2013 to 2023. Finally, Table 13 ranks the 10 Brazilian states with the highest installed capacity, indicating their geographic distribution, number of wind complexes, and number of turbines [33]. Based on Figure 20, it can be observed that the implementation of wind energy in Brazil began to intensify in 2005, with steady growth from 2013 to 2023. Finally, Table 13 ranks the 10 Brazilian states with the highest installed capacity, indicating their geographic distribution, number of wind complexes, and number of turbines [33]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Ranking**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**State**} & **Total Installed** & **Distribution** & **Number of** & **Number of** \\  & & **Capacity (GW)** & **(\%)** & **Onshore** & **Turbines** \\ \hline
1 & Bahia & 9.87 & 32.4 & 300 & 3050 \\ \hline
2 & Rio Grande & & & & & \\ do Norte & & & & & \\ \hline
3 & Piaui & 4.58 & 15.0 & 125 & 1783 \\ \hline
4 & Ceará & 3.29 & 10.8 & 105 & 1460 \\ \hline
5 & Rio Grande & & & & \\ do Sul & 1.83 & 6.0 & 90 & 1022 \\ \hline
6 & Pernambuco & 1.06 & 3.5 & 50 & 588 \\ \hline
7 & Paraiba & 0.76 & 2.5 & 39 & 282 \\ \hline
8 & Maranhao & 0.43 & 1.4 & 18 & 172 \\ \hline
9 & Santa & & & & \\ Catarina & 0.24 & 0.8 & 15 & 174 \\ \hline
10 & Sergipe & 0.05 & 0.2 & 1 & 23 \\ \hline  & **Total** & **30.44** & **100** & **1019** & **11,057** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 13: Installed capacity, number of onshore wind farms, and number of turbines by state in Brazil by 2023. Figure 20: Evolution over time (years) of Brazil’s onshore wind farm installed capacity (MW).