###### Abstract
However, none guarantees the healing and bone replacement that autogenous block grafts can provide [18]. Techniques such as guided bone regeneration (GBR), ridge expansion and distraction osteogenesis have the advantage of removing the need for a donor site with its associated morbidity. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) with particulate deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and covered with resorbable collagen membranes is currently the best documented and most widely used method to augment peri-implant alveolar bone defects [19; 20]. The major drawbacks of particulate bone grafting material and collagen membrane are their poor mechanical properties, which is a key issue in hard tissue regeneration, and their low resistance to tissue collapse. Limited evidence is available regarding the hard tissue volume stability of sites that are augmented by GBR, especially at the buccal-coronal region in the anterior maxilla area, where the tissue contour is esthetically significant. The ridge-splitting technique can increase the width of bone by splitting and expanding the existing residual ridge. Indications of this technique include the ridge deficient in width with an adequate amount of height, with no vertical defects [21]. The maxilla is preferred over the mandible because bone expansion is easily achieved without complications, thanks to the bone's cancellous nature. Advantages include no second surgery required to place implants, reduced overall treatment time and increased implant stability because of new bone formation between cortical plates. Disadvantages include more severe ridge defects in the case of procedure failure and primary closure being difficult to achieve. Distraction osteogenesis is based on the principle of secondary wound healing. Osteotomy removes a bone segment from the basal bone, filling the distraction gap with a callus forming a new bone segment. This procedure demonstrates many advantages, such as decreased bone resorption, no donor site morbidity and simultaneous lengthening of the surrounding soft tissues. Therefore, there are also disadvantages, such as the risk of fracture of the mandible, fracture of the transport segment, difficulties in finishing the osteotomy on the lingual side, incorrect direction of distraction, perforation of the mucosa by the transport segment, suture dehiscence, bone formation defects and pain during the activation of the distraction device [22; 23; 24]. To correct gingival deficiencies at potential implant sites, conventional mucogingival surgical procedures, such as connective tissue grafts, free gingival grafts and coronally positioned flaps, are the most commonly used treatment modalities [3]. Currently, orthodontic extrusion, or forced eruption, is the only non-surgical procedure for pre-implant tissue management. This is a non-invasive technique based on the periodonotomy ability to respond to tooth movement. [PERSON] and [PERSON], in 1993, suggested using orthodontic extrusion to create vertical bone and soft tissue at hopeless tooth sites before extraction and implant placement, without the use of surgery [4]. A basic tenet of osteophysiology is that the fibers of the periodontal membrane are secured to the bone by the formation of new bone around the ends of the fibers. Bone is in a constant state of transition. As elsewhere in the body, the bone of the alveolus is constantly being resorbed and rebuilt. Therefore, when tension is applied to the periodontal ligament, periodontal fibers bundles are elongated, and osteoblasts are induced to deposit new bone in the areas where periodontal attachment exists. The same effects on alveolar bone height are seen when orthodontic treatment is carried out with controlled and low forces which do not tear apart the periodontal fibers. In other words, a tooth moved into the dental arch by controlled extrusive orthodontic forces will bring alveolar bone, and soft tissues will follow, too [5; 6].