# A Survey on Multi-User Conversational Interfaces
## 3 Quantitative Paper Analysis
### Relevance of Conferences and Journals  
After determining all relevant publications, we moved to a second stage to analyse the samples quantitatively. As indicated, there is a wide variety of sources in which the papers in the topic are published. When taking a closer look at them divided into conference proceedings and journals, it can be observed that the 42 conference papers  
Figure 3: Visualisation of the PRISMA flow diagram. have been published in a wide variety of sources (26 conferences), so there is no single big event that gathers the majority of publications in the area. All conferences that have published more than one paper from our sample are listed in Table 2. As can be observed, the ones with more papers are related to robotics, in particular the conferences which have published more documents from our sample are in the cross-roads of robotics and human-machine interaction (IEEE RO-MAN) or located in Conversational User Interfaces (CUI). These are followed by the conferences focused on speech and language processing and conversational interaction, those on human-computer multi-modal interaction and computer graphics, and finally conferences related to ambient intelligence and intelligent environments. Additionally, in Figure 4, it can be observed which publishers of the conferences were involved per year. Here, the main publishers are ACM, ACL, and IEEE, which appear mostly across all the years, highlighting that their databases also contain relevant articles related to MUCIs field. The scenario is quite similar when focusing on journals, the 16 journal papers and 1 book chapter, which have been published in 14 different journals, excluding the book chapter. Only two journals have published more than one document from our sample: 'Frontiers in Robotics and AI' with 2 papers, and 'International Journal of Social Robotics' with another 2. As commented before, most journals are related to the topic of robotics (e.g., Journal of Human-Robot Interaction, International Journal of Social Robotics, or International Journal of Humanoid Robotics), human-computer interaction, conversation, speech, and language (e.g., International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, or Computer Assisted Language Learning). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c} \hline \hline
**Conference** & **Number of Papers** \\ \hline IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive & \\ Communication (IEEE RO-MAN) & 6 \\ \hline Conversational User Interfaces (CUI) & 4 \\ \hline Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) & 4 \\ \hline International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) & 2 \\ \hline International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE) & 2 \\ \hline Text, Speech and Dialogue (TSD) & 2 \\ \hline International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) & 2 \\ \hline ACM International Conference on Multi-Modal Interaction (ICMI) & 2 \\ \hline Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics (AVR) & 2 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Conferences of the sample with more than one relevant publication. Figure 4: Conference articles ordered by publisher and year. The X-axis represents the publication year and the Y-axis the number of articles. Colours refer to the publisher displayed in the legend. In context of a high-level analysis addressing the publishers of the 16 journals and the book chapter, Figure 5 reveals that for the last years (2021 to 2025), Elsevier is achieving a higher prominence versus the previous dominance of Springer in the period of 2016-2020. For exploring the most relevant articles in terms of bibliometrics (e.g., number of citations, downloads, or cited articles), we use the ResearchRabbit tool [2]. This tool is a publicly available AI-powered research platform that allows academic literature discovery and analysis through interactive graph visualisation and citation-based mapping tools.