## 1 Introduction
In addition to physical devices, AM has enabled the creation of patient-specific models for preoperative planning, improving surgical outcomes and postoperative rehabilitation. Additionally, 3D printing has facilitated the cost-effective production of personalized solutions, making them accessible to a wider population [16]. The ability to rapidly produce devices on demand has significantly reduced turnaround times, benefiting patients requiring urgent care [12]. Innovations such as adaptive tools to assist with activities of daily living have emerged, enabling patients to regain independence [17]. Research into biocompatible materials has expanded the potential applications of AM, including the development of implantable devices. In sports rehabilitation, AM has provided custom supports and orthoses designed to speed recovery while maintaining performance. Virtual design platforms integrated with AM have enabled healthcare professionals to collaborate with patients in real time, refining designs to meet specific requirements [18]. AM's synergy with technologies such as AI and robotics has further optimized rehabilitation strategies, providing precise, patient-centered care.As AM evolves, its role in personalized physical therapy and rehabilitation is expected to grow, changing the way treatments are conceptualized and delivered [19]. Integrating AI with AM for personalized rehabilitation and physical therapy offers transformative opportunities.AI enables the analysis of patient-specific data, such as scans and biomechanics, to design highly personalized devices such as orthoses, prosthetics, and assistive devices [20]. ML algorithms optimize these designs for functionality, comfort, and material efficiency, tailoring solutions to individual needs. Real-time monitoring during AM processes ensures precision and reduces defects, improving the reliability of rehabilitation devices [21]. AI-based simulations enable the virtual testing of designs, minimizing trial and error, and accelerating production schedules.AI-powered predictive analytics predicts patient progression, enabling dynamic adjustments to devices as therapy evolves [22]. The technology also facilitates the creation of digital twins that replicate physical conditions to continuously improve rehabilitation solutions. Cost-effective and rapid prototyping becomes possible, making personalized care accessible to a wider population [23]. By combining AI with robotics, autonomous systems can efficiently produce and distribute personalized devices. The integration of AI and AM ultimately improves patient outcomes by providing individuals with customized solutions that improve their mobility, independence, and quality of life. This synergy represents a paradigm shift, paving the way for smarter, faster, and more adaptable rehabilitation technologies [24; 25; 26]. This article presents the current state of knowledge and perspectives of using AI-based AM solutions in rehabilitation and physiotherapy. The article is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the materials and methods used in the presented analysis. Section 3 contains the results of the bibliometric analysis, describing the new shapes of rehabilitation devices prepared using AM, new materials and technologies of rehabilitation devices, and new ways of clinical applications of rehabilitation solutions printed in 3D technology. Section 4 presents a discussion of the results, an analysis of limitations, and directions for further research. The Section 5 presents the conclusions of the article.