# Do Background Colors Have an Impact on Preferences and Catch the Attention of Users?
## 4 Results
### Rankings for Different Background Colors  
The rankings for both user preferences and the first impressions were created according to the following procedure. In both cases, the color composition received a vote if: (i) it was selected by the user consciously (preference assessment) and (ii) unconsciously, by eyesight (very first impression). Rankings were created only between colors with the same background color, just as the color compositions were compared in the experiment. Consequently, nine rankings for various background colors (i.e., black, blue, gray, green, orange, red, violet, yellow, and white) were obtained. The collected results for both preferences and eyesight are presented in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. In each of the rankings, the subsequent positions of pictogram colors were assigned values from 1 to 8. Consequently, for each of the colors of the pictogram, a vector of nine values was obtained, where a position equal to zero corresponded to a background color when it was the same as the color of the pictogram. In Stage 2 (see Figure 4), the vector values for each pictogram color were added, forming one vector for sustained attention and another for divided attention.  
**Sustained attention.** Figure 8 presents the results of an experiment where user preferences were tested. User preferences are given as a sum of ranking positions, determined for every background color, according to Table 1. The color white was evaluated by users as the most friendly and readable. The remaining colors were ranked in the following order: yellow, black, blue, green, red, violet, and orange. The gray color was evaluated by users as the least friendly and readable.  
**Divided attention.** Figure 9 presents the results of an experiment where user reaction to displayed colors was tested. We examined which color compositions attracted the attention of users first and, therefore, the color composition with first fixation was taken into account. The first impression is given as a sum of ranking positions, determined for every background color, according to Table 2. The green color attracted the attention of users the most, followed by, in order: Yellow, black, red, white, blue, violet, and orange. The gray color attracted their attention the least.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Bg Color**} & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Position in Ranking**} \\  & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** & **6** & **7** & **8** \\ \hline black & gray & orange & violet & blue & red & green & yellow & white \\ blue & violet & gray & orange & red & black & green & yellow & white \\ gray & violet & blue & orange & black & red & green & white & yellow \\ green & yellow & orange & gray & red & white & violet & black & blue \\ orange & red & gray & violet & green & black & blue & yellow & white \\ gray & orange & gray & violet & blue & black & green & yellow & white \\ violet & blue & gray & orange & red & black & green & yellow & white \\ white & yellow & gray & orange & green & violet & red & black & blue \\ yellow & green & orange & white & gray & red & violet & black & blue \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Ranking of collected results regarding preferences, with respect to nine different background colors.  
Figure 8: Sustained attention: User preferences, given as a sum of ranking positions determined for every background color (according to Table 1).