# Integrated SDN-NFV 5G Network Performance and Management-Complexity Evaluation
## 1 Introduction  
5G technology is one of the main drivers supporting the needs of various vertical industries such as automotive, manufacturing, energy, healthcare, media, and entertainment. 5G technology developed today that uses a \"one-size-fits-all\" architectural approach cannot meet the different performance standards to be applied in each industry in terms of scalability, latency, reliability, and availability [1]. To efficiently facilitate vertical-specific cases as the demand for legacy services increases over the same network infrastructure, it is acceptable that 5G systems will necessarily involve architectural upgrades relative to existing deployments [2]. When providing new services, for instance in the case of smart cities and Internet of Things (IoT), the 5G architecture should enable agility, speed, and cost-efficiency. 5G networks must also provide multi-service, multi-tenancy, and multidomain support. The main concepts for achieving an architecture with speed, agility, and cost efficiency are virtualization, softwarization, and programmability [3]. These three concepts are included in the new paradigm of computer networks: network software and network slicing [4]. Network softwarization (Netsoft) (San Jose, CA, USA; Palo Alto, CA, USA) is a paradigm for increasing network automation by enhancing network programmability. Netsoft refers to the evolution of the network industry to design, deploy, and maintainnetwork devices/network elements via software programming [5; 6]. This allows flexibility to redesign network services in order to optimize costs and enable self-management capabilities to manage the network infrastructure [7]. Network softwarization can provide the modularity needed to create multiple (virtual) logical networks through software defined network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technology. This logical network is also known as network-slicing [8]. Network slicing is an end-to-end (E2E) logical network running on top of a physical or virtual network, isolated from each other, with independent management and control that can be created on demand [9]. The problems that occur in the application of the main supporting technology for the 5G networks in telecommunications companies are speed and agility limitations. The number of hops (jumps) per network element in the data center becomes a bottleneck that causes high latency and reduced throughput resulting from the network in the data center, particularly for traffic that leads to virtualized services [10]. In addition, another problem is agility. When we are going to create a new application or service that will be stored in the data center, either as bare metal or virtualized, we will go through a fairly long process until the application or service can be accessed [11]. We showed that SDN and NFV can be simplified by integrating with both controllers [3]. The two controllers in question are the SDN and NFV, which can be integrated with the API that occurs in both backend controllers. When they integrate, activities that are usually carried out on one controller can be carried out on the other. In addition, to enhance the performance of SDN and NFV, we can also simplify traffic at the computational level by reducing hop traffic which is currently at the computing level; almost all use virtualization. In the implementation, we used DPDK and SR-IOV to improve the performance at the computational level. DPDK uses the kernel to process packets, which puts pressure on the kernel to process packets faster because the speed of the network interface card (NIC) increases [12]. DPDK is also a better choice than other methods such as vanilla PF_RING and 6 WINDGate in terms of open source, security and bypass network stack [13]. There are several techniques for bypassing kernels in the network stack for efficient packet delivery [14]. Kernel bypassing techniques are divided into 3 categories: User-space Packet I/O, User-space TCP/IP stack and Hybrid network stack.