## 3 Results
### Maize Starch  
In the case of maize starch (polyphenol addition prior to starch gelatinization), epigallocatechin gallate (5 mg) was the most effective in terms of RDS, SDS, and SDI (41.78 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., 16.20 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., 64.27 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., respectively, \(p<0.05\), Table 7, Figure 4a). In terms of TS and eGI, the most effective was epigallocatechin gallate (20 mg) (46.72 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., 65.47, respectively, \(p<0.05\), Table 7). The highest value of RS was observed when naringenin (20 mg) was added to the starch (3.29 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., \(p<0.05\), Table 7). In terms of polyphenol addition to maize starch after its gelatinization, the most effective was epigallocatechin gallate (20 mg). The addition resulted in the lowest RDS, TS, SDI, and eGI values (12.08 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., 15.80 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., 76.48 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., and 48.13, respectively; \(p<0.05\); Table 8). The highest value of SDS was observed with the addition of trans-ferulic acid (10 mg) (8.22 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., \(p<0.05\), Table 8, Figure 4b). The highest value of RS was observed with the addition of quercetin (20 mg) (3.85 g\(\cdot\)100 g\({}^{-1}\) d.m., \(p<0.05\), Table 8). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **RDS** & **SDS** & **RS** & **TS** & **SDI** & **eGI** \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Maize starch with**} & & & & & & \\ \multicolumn{2}{c}{**the addition of**} & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{(+)catechin} & 5 mg & 83.27 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 12.88 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.21 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 96.36 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 86.42 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 92.96 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & **10 mg** & 93.48 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 3.07 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 2.26 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 98.81 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 94.62 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 94.50 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & 20 mg & 97.20 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 1.14 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 98.85 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 95.66 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} epigallocatechin \\ gallate \\ \end{tabular}  } & 5 mg & **41.78 \(\pm\) 0.2 \({}^{\star}\)** & **16.20 \(\pm\) 0.1 \({}^{\ddagger}\)** & 0.21 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 65.01 \(\pm\) 0.3 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & **64.27 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\)** & 72.36 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & 10 mg & 51.75 \(\pm\) 0.1 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 2.39 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.88 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 58.21 \(\pm\) 0.1 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 88.91 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 71.03 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & 20 mg & 45.01 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 1.71 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & **46.72 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\)** & 96.33 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & **65.47 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\)** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} hesperidin \\ \end{tabular}  } & 5 mg & 81.93 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 7.68 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.63 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 90.24 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 90.79 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 90.53 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & 10 mg & 95.59 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 1.88 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 97.47 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 98.08 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 94.96 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\  & 20 mg & 97.97 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.0 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 0.86 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 98.83 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 99.13 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) & 95.66 \(\pm\) 0.0 \({}^{\ddagger}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} naringenin \\ \end{tabular}