## 3 Results
### Test-Retest Reliability  
MD resulted in good to excellent reliability on the sagittal plane (ICC from 0.75 to 0.90; SEM from 0.20 to 0.44 cm), poor to moderate reliability on the frontal plane (ICC from 0.23 to 0.63; SEM from 1.29 to 2.56 cm), and poor to good reliability on the transverse plane (ICC from 0.47 to 0.76; SEM from 0.62 to 1.34 cm).  
MA revealed moderate to good reliability on the sagittal plane (ICC from 0.70 to 0.88; SEM from 0.76\({}^{\circ}\) to 2.79\({}^{\circ}\)), poor to good reliability on the frontal plane (ICC from 0.32 to 0.79; SEM from 3.72\({}^{\circ}\) to 7.75\({}^{\circ}\)), and moderate reliability on the transverse plane (ICC from 0.62 to 0.70; SEM from 3.40\({}^{\circ}\) to 4.89\({}^{\circ}\)).  
HAs percentage showed good to excellent reliability on the sagittal plane (ICC from 0.78 to 0.90; SEM from 2.27% to 7.46%), poor to good reliability on the frontal plane (ICC from 0.42 to 0.86; SEM from 1.87% to 4.69%), and good to excellent reliability on the transverse plane (ICC from 0.79 to 0.84; SEM from 2.60% to 6.62%).  
RoM revealed good to excellent reliability on the sagittal plane (ICC from 0.86 to 0.92; SEM from 0.63\({}^{\circ}\) to 1.15\({}^{\circ}\)), poor to moderate reliability on the frontal plane (ICC from 0.35 to 0.57; SEM from 0.92\({}^{\circ}\) to 3.79\({}^{\circ}\)), and moderate to excellent reliability on the transverse plane (ICC from 0.62 to 0.92; SEM from 0.50\({}^{\circ}\) to 2.68\({}^{\circ}\)) (Table 1).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Plane of Motion**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**MD (cm)**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Phase** & **T0** & **T1-pre** & **ICC (95\% CI)** & **SEM** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Sagittal} & 95–10\% & 3.2 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 3.3 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 0.75 (0.56–0.84) & 0.44 \\  & 10–40\% & 2.8 \(\pm\) 1.4 & 2.9 \(\pm\) 1.2 & 0.86 (0.77–0.92) & 0.34 \\  & 40–75\% & 2.5 \(\pm\) 0.8 & 2.7 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 0.87 (0.79–0.92) & 0.19 \\  & 75–95\% & 2.5 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 2.6 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 0.90 (0.83–0.94) & 0.20 \\  & 95–10\% & 5.5 \(\pm\) 1.8 & 5.5 \(\pm\) 2.2 & 0.23 (\(-\)0.56–0.74) & 2.56 \\  & 10–40\% & 4.8 \(\pm\) 2.1 & 5.2 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 0.47 (\(-\)0.18–0.76) & 1.73 \\  & 40–75\% & 3.4 \(\pm\) 1.9 & 4.0 \(\pm\) 2.2 & 0.63 (0.31–0.80) & 1.29 \\  & 75–95\% & 3.3 \(\pm\) 1.5 & 3.9 \(\pm\) 2.2 & 0.50 (\(-\)0.04–0.76) & 1.52 \\  & 95–10\% & 3.0 \(\pm\) 1.5 & 3.2 \(\pm\) 1.4 & 0.76 (0.60–0.86) & 0.62 \\  & 10–40\% & 3.4 \(\pm\) 1.5 & 3.7 \(\pm\) 1.6 & 0.47 (0.07–0.70) & 1.34 \\  & 40–75\% & 2.9 \(\pm\) 1.6 & 3.4 \(\pm\) 1.8 & 0.59 (0.30–0.76) & 1.16 \\  & 75–95\% & 2.5 \(\pm\) 1.2 & 2.8 \(\pm\) 1.3 & 0.61 (0.29–0.78) & 0.82 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Plane of Motion**} & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**MA (\({}^{\circ}\))**} \\ \cline{2-6}  & **Phase** & **T0** & **T1-pre** & **ICC (95\% CI)** & **SEM** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Sagittal} & 95–10\% & 14.2 \(\pm\) 5.7 & 14.0 \(\pm\) 4.7 & 0.70 (0.49–0.82) & 2.79 \\  & 10–40\% & 11.0 \(\pm\) 4.4 & 12.3 \(\pm\) 5.5 & 0.78 (0.63–0.87) & 1.92 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 40–75\% & 10.1 \(\pm\) 3.4 & 10.8 \(\pm\) 3.5 & 0.88 (0.79–0.93) & 0.76 \\ \cline{1-1}  & 75–95\% & 10.3 \(\pm\) 3.6 & 11.1 \(\pm\) 4.7 & 0.74 (0.56–0.84) & 1.94 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Test–retest reliability (ICC with 95% confidence interval and SEM) for mean distance (MD), mean angle (MA), percentage of HAs (%), and range of motion (RoM) on the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes during the four gait phases.