## 3 Results
These data fit with the vector displacement reported in the Rz-Xc graph over the key times. Regarding MD adherence, even in slight increases, no statistical changes were found (Supplementary Figure S1). Results from the MEDAS questionnaire at T0 in the total team demonstrated that athletes with optimal, moderate, and poor adherence to the MD were 73% (\(n=8\)), 27% (\(n=3\)), and 0%, respectively. It is worth noting that most athletes had good eating habits consuming typically Mediterranean foods, such as whole grain cereals, vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, legumes, and white meats dressed with extra-virgin olive oil. Moreover, the percentage of optimal, moderate, and poor MD adherence of the sample referring to \"Key times\" is reported in Table 3, confirming that most athletes followed principles of MD recommendations over the entire study period. Using specific tolerance ellipses for volleyball players, we reported the BIVA graphical representation of vector changes in \"Key times\" selected from the entire study period (Figure 1). The BIVA graph displays the body composition changes as reported in Table 2. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **P** & **C** & **PO** & **ANOVA** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Post Hoc**} \\ \hline  & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & & **P vs. C** & **C vs. PO** & **P vs. PO** \\ \hline
**BCMI** & & & & & & \\ (kg/m\({}^{2}\)) & 11.1 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 11.8 \(\pm\) 0.3 & 12 \(\pm\) 0.02 & **0.024** & **0.003** & **0.004** & ns \\ \hline
**ECM** & & & & & & \\ (kg) & 31.4 \(\pm\) 0.4 & 30 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 29.7 \(\pm\) 0.4 & **0.025** & **0.013** & **0.013** & ns \\ \hline
**SMM** & & & & & & \\ (kg) & 37.9 \(\pm\) 0.5 & 41.0 \(\pm\) 0.9 & 41.4 \(\pm\) 0.1 & **0.033** & **0.003** & **0.004** & ns \\ \hline
**TBW** & & & & & & \\ (kg) & 53.2 \(\pm\) 1.3 & 54.8 \(\pm\) 0.4 & 55.0 \(\pm\) 0.1 & **0.024** & ns & ns & ns \\ \hline
**ECW** & & & & & & \\ (kg) & 23.4 \(\pm\) 0.7 & 23.8 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 23.9\(\pm\) 0.1 & ns & ns & ns & ns \\ \hline
**ICW** & & & & & & \\ (kg) & 30.2 \(\pm\) 1.0 & 30.9\(\pm\) 0.3 & 31.1 \(\pm\) 0.1 & ns & ns & ns & ns \\ \hline Na/K & 0.8 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 0.7 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.7 \(\pm\) 0.0 & **0.033** & **0.036** & ns & ns \\ \hline
**BMR (Kcal)** & 2338 \(\pm\) 25.7 & 2402 \(\pm\) 22.6 & 2415 \(\pm\) 5.6 & **0.008** & **0.013** & **0.015** & ns \\ \hline
**MEDAS Score** & 10 \(\pm\) 0.2 & 10.3 \(\pm\) 0.1 & 10.2 \(\pm\) 0.1 & ns & ns & ns & ns \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Mediterranean Diet Adherence** & **P (\(n=11\))** & **C (\(n=11\))** & **PO (\(n=11\))** & **_p-Value_** \\ \hline
**Optimal (\(\geq\)10)** & 73 (\(n=8\)) & 64 (\(n=7\)) & 73 (\(n=8\)) & ns \\ \hline
**Moderate (6–9)** & 27 (\(n=3\)) & 36 (\(n=4\)) & 27 (\(n=3\)) & ns \\ \hline
**Poor (\(\leq\)5)** & 0 (\(n=0\)) & 0 (\(n=0\)) & 0 (\(n=0\)) & ns \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Percentage of MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) score referring to “Key times” selected from the entire study period in total population. Moreover, we observed that the mean vector displacement from P to C was statistically significant by the [PERSON]'s T\({}^{2}\) test, (\(p<0.001\)) (Figure 2). Data show significant changes in the BIVA pattern due to the reduction in Rz/H and the increase in Xc/H from P to C. No differences were found from P to PO by the [PERSON]'s T\({}^{2}\) test. We also compared the anthropometric characteristics, bioelectrical parameters, and MEDAS score of the studied population at T0 with the two times of the P (T1 and T2) (Supplementary Table S1), among the times of C (from T3 to T7) (Supplementary Table S2), and between the times of PO (T8 and T9) (Supplementary Table S3). No significant statistical differences were found among the intervals of the \"Key times\" in the total population.