## 3 Results and Discussion
### Volatile Compounds
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Rank** & **Volatile Compound (Usual and/or IUPAC Name)** & **RI\({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **Z1** & **Z2** & **Z3** \\ \cline{2-6}  & & **RI\({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **RI\({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **RI\({}^{\text{b}}\)** & **RI\({}^{\text{b}}\)** \\ \hline
1 & dimethyl sulfide/methylsulfonylmethane & 734 & & & & \\
2 & acetone/2-propanone & 810 & 807 & 806 & 805 \\
3 & ethyl acetate & 872 & & & 862 \\
4 & 3-methylbutanol/Isovaleraldehyde & 912 & 906 & 906 & 904 \\
5 & isopropyl alcohol/2-propanol & 917 & 915 & 919 & 913 \\
6 & ethanol & 928 & 923 & 923 & 921 \\
7 & 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane & & & & 945 \\
8 & 2,3-butanedione/diacetyl & 977 & 969 & 967 & 968 \\
9 & 2-methylpropanenitrile/Isobutronitrile & & 985 & & 976 \\
10 & _a_/_a_-pinene/2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene & & 999 & 999 & 1000 \\
11 & 2-butanol/sec-butanol & 1022 & 1010 & & \\
12 & 3-methylpentanal/3-methylvaleraldehyde & & 1016 & 1010 & 1011 \\
13 & 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol/dimethylvinylclarbon1 & 1036 & 1041 & 1024 & 1013 \\
14 & 3,6-dimethyladecane & & 1051 & & 1054 \\
15 & hexanal & 1067 & 1061 & & \\
16 & 2-methyl-2-butrenal & & & & 1069 \\
17 & 2-methylpropan-1/disobutyl alcohol/Isobutanol & 1085 & & & 1077 \\
18 & 3-pentanol & 1110 & 1090 & 1084 & 1086 \\
19 & _delta_-3-care/3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene & 1148 & 1122 & 1127 & 1104 \\
20 & 5-methyl-2-hexanone & & 1129 & & \\
21 & heptanal & 1184 & 1162 & 1155 & 1164 \\
22 & 2-heptanone & 1160 & 1169 & & \\
23 & limonene & 1198 & 1171 & 1169 & & \\
24 & 3-methyl-2-butenal & & 1174 & 1173 & 1174 \\
25 & dodecane & 1200 & 1181 & 1181 & 1180 \\
26 & isoamyl alcohol/3-methylbutan-1-ol & 1230 & 1183 & 1184 & 1183 \\
27 & 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol & 1240 & 1223 & 1223 & 1221 \\
28 & 3-hydroxy-2-butanone/acetoin/3-hydroxy-2-butanone & 1272 & 1269 & 1254 & 1255 \\
29 & octanal & 1278 & 1269 & & \\
30 & 2-methyl-2-buten-1-ol & 1315 & 1294 & 1294 & 1293 \\
31 & 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one & 1329 & 1312 & 1350 & 1304 \\
32 & 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid & & 1347 & 1350 & 1345 \\
33 & _cis_-3-hexene-1-ol & 1351 & 1360 & 1362 & 1358 \\
34 & nonanal & 1382 & 1371 & 1377 & 1369 \\
35 & linalool oxide/6-ethyl-2,2,6-trimethyloxan-3-ol & 1423 & 1415 & 1412 & 1412 \\
36 & acetic acid & 1432 & 1434 & 1432 & 1430 \\
37 & 2-furancarboxaldehyde/furfurfural & 1434 & 1441 & 1440 & 1435 \\
38 & _ttrans_-linalool oxide & 1451 & 1445 & 1442 & 1443 \\
39 & 2-ethyl-1-hexanol & & 1472 & 1477 & 1473 \\
40 & decanal & 1485 & 1481 & 1480 & 1478 \\
41 & 2-acetylfuran & 1491 & 1482 & 1482 & 1480 \\
42 & benzaldehyde & 1502 & 1495 & 1494 & 1493 \\
43 & linal aldehyde & 1519 & 1524 & 1516 \\
44 & propanoic acid/propionic acid & 1523 & 1526 & 1528 & 1520 \\
45 & linalool L & 1544 & 1532 & 1527 & 1528 \\
46 & & 1545 & 1544 & 1543 \\
47 & 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde & 1563 & 1553 & 1551 & 1551 \\
48 & 2-methylpropanoic acid & 1584 & 1555 & 1558 & 1553 \\
49 & 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid/pivalic acid & & & 1585 & \\
50 & ho-trienol & 1586 & 1594 & & 1592 \\
51 & butylactone & 1600 & 1603 & 1596 \\
52 & butanoic Acid & 1628 & 1615 & 1617 & 1612 \\
53 & benzacacetaldehyde/acetaldehyde & 1646 & 1622 & 1622 & 1618 \\
54 & 5-etheinyldihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-Furanone & & 1647 & 1644 & 1641 \\
55 & 2-methylbutanoic acid/DL-2-methylbutyric acid & 1667 & 1661 & 1662 & 1662 \\
56 & 4-ketoisophorene & & 1672 & & 1669 \\
57 & _a_/_a_-terpine/(5)-2-(4-Methyl-3-cyclohexenyl)-2-propanol & 1688 & 1675 & 1677 & 1680 \\
58 & 3-pyridincearboxaldehyde/nicotinic aldehyde & & 1676 & & 1682 \\
59 & bornel & 1698 & & 1684 & \\
60 & naphtalene & 1718 & 1718 & & \\
61 & epoxylinalool & & 1728 & 1732 & 1722 \\
62 & pentanoic acid/valeric acid & & & 1729 \\
63 & 3-methylpentanoic acid & 1780 & 1783 & 1784 & 1786 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Retention index from literature (Ri\({}^{\text{a}}\)) and calculated retention index (RI\({}^{\text{b}}\)) of volatile compounds in honey samples of the three investigated zones (Z1–Z3).