# Analysis of the Impact of Vibrations on the Driver of a Motor Vehicle
## 1 Introduction  
Analyzing the effects of vibrations on the human body [1], one should consider both general vibrations [2], affecting the entire organism through legs or via a seat [3], as well as local vibrations [4], specifically affecting limbs [5]. The current set of studies covers three aspects: vibration excitation from the road [6], drive system vibrations, and engine vibrations [7]. These three sources of vibrations are widely described in the available literature [8; 9]. The issue of vehicle body vibrations and transfer of vibrations to the driver and passengers is described in [10]. Vibrations from the combustion engine are widely described in [11; 12; 13]. The study is devoted to explaining and counteracting vibrations to the driver in the case when the vehicle is equipped with a 3-cylinder engine. The sources of vibrations and their impact on several perception zones are also described. The issue of vibrations from the drive system is presented in [14]. The study presents the effect of damage to gears and verifies the effect of damage to rolling bearings in the drive system on the level of vibrations of the system [15; 16]. The studies also devote space to determining the effect of seat insulation materials on the level of vibrations felt by the driver [17]. The authors used neural networks and artificial intelligence to determine the seat model and materials used in its production in order to minimize the impact of vibrations on vehicle users. The authors [18; 19] described a new apparatus for measuring vibrations affecting the driver of a motor vehicle. Vibrancies have a major impact on modern sectors of vehicle engineering and ergonomics, therefore affecting drivers, as well as passengers. On psychological, as well as physiological levels, the effects could show themselves as drowsiness, tiredness, and attention problems [20; 21; 22; 23; 24]. By use of vibration control technology, ergonomic seat designs, and sophisticated suspension systems, researchers are looking at ways to lower or control vibration, enhance driver comfort, minimize tiredness, and help to create safer driving [25; 26]. Vibration has a negative impact on driver well-being, particularly in low-frequency (<10 Hz) areas [27; 28]. The frequency, amplitude, and duration of vibrations are crucial factors in causing driver drowsiness. Longer and more intense vibrations lead to loss of alertness, poorer reactions, and increased risk of traffic accidents. Real driving conditions, however, could differ from laboratory studies, due to factors including aspects of ambient noise, road surfaces, weather, and the psychological state of the driver. Thus, additional methodological study is needed to exactly show real events and reduce accident rates [29]. Thorough research on vehicle seat vibration characteristics is necessary to improve driver comfort. Virtual modeling tools (CATIA V5) allowing seat behavior under dynamic load makes early study of deflections from shocks or road vibration spectra possible. Low-frequency road vibrations greatly affect driver comfort and alertness. Engineering should give engine and road surface vibrations first attention in seat design. Improved damping materials and adaptable seats that automatically change stiffness depending on actual road terrain [12] are among the innovative elements. [PERSON] et al. [30] suggest a novel torsion-spring-system-based mechanism for reducing seat vibration. The mechanism improves the vertical part of vibration damping by using different stiffness values and specific torsion angles. The cross-sectional geometry of the rod can be optimized using ANSYS R15 or similar software, reducing the driver's seat amplitudes at significant frequencies, potentially competing with traditional coil spring seats or air suspensions. Vibration is a significant issue in both conventional roads and larger engineering structures like long-span suspension bridges [31; 32; 33].