## 2 Materials and Methods
### Data Collection
#### 2.2.4 Atmospheric CO\({}_{2}\) Concentration Data  
Two types of atmospheric CO\({}_{2}\) concentration data were used in this study: (1) The data from the SCIAMACHY observer on board ESA's ENVISAT based on a fast DOAS algorithm (WFM-DOAS) with a spatial resolution of 0.5\({}^{\circ}\)\(\times\) 0.5\({}^{\circ}\), which cover the period from January 2003 to December 2009 [21]. (2) The global monthly continuous atmospheric CO\({}_{2}\) concentration dataset with a spatial resolution of 0.5\({}^{\circ}\)\(\times\) 0.125\({}^{\circ}\), which was obtained by using spatio-temporal interpolation of OCO-2 satellite observation data, covering the period from 2012 to 2020 [22].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Data Name** & **Spatial Resolution** & **Temporal Resolution** & **Data Source** \\ \hline MODIS reflectance & 500 m & 8-day & [[https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod9a1v061/](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod9a1v061/)]([https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod9a1v061/](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod9a1v061/)) (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline Temperature & 0.1\({}^{\circ}\) & monthly & [[http://data.pdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028944-daaa-4511](http://data.pdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028944-daaa-4511)]([http://data.pdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028944-daaa-4511](http://data.pdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028944-daaa-4511)) -87/69-96561265249 (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline Precipitation & 0.1\({}^{\circ}\) & monthly & [[http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511](http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511)]([http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511](http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511)) -87/69-96561265249/ (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline Downward shortwave radiation & 0.1\({}^{\circ}\) & monthly & [[http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511](http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511)]([http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511](http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/data/8028b944-daaa-4511)) -87/69-96561265249/ (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline Atmospheric CO\({}_{2}\) concentration & 0.5\({}^{\circ}\) & monthly & [[http://www.geodata.cn/data/datadetails.html?datapid=](http://www.geodata.cn/data/datadetails.html?datapid=)]([http://www.geodata.cn/data/datadetails.html?datapid=](http://www.geodata.cn/data/datadetails.html?datapid=)) 10258900032081& 10258900032081& 10258900032081& 10258900032081& 1025890003208184 dcdcdc=23265 (SCIAMACHY based) \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Atmospheric CO\({}_{2}\) concentration} & 0.5\({}^{\circ}\)\(\times\) 0.125\({}^{\circ}\) & & [[https://www.subsub.org/2021/10/31/index/](https://www.subsub.org/2021/10/31/index/)]([https://www.subsub.org/2021/10/31/index/](https://www.subsub.org/2021/10/31/index/)) (OCO-2 based) (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline Land cover & 500 m & yearly & [[https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/)]([https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v006/)) (accessed on 18 November 2021) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Data used in this study.