###### Abstract  
This paper examines the degradation trends of polymeric materials during heat conversion and solvolysis processes. The presence of different fractions of polymeric materials, such as PET, PP, SBR, ABS, resin, and tier waste, necessitates the use of different procedures for degradation, transformation, and further elimination from the natural environment. A significant part of the work was devoted to discussing the issue of thermal pyrolysis, taking into account the chemical composition and the possible impact of the process reaction mechanism, the type of raw material used, and the influence of the process temperature on the yields of low, medium, and high boiling products. The issue was extended to the possibility of decomposition of polymers based on the use of catalytic additives for the improvement and efficiency of the process and the structural modification of reactors. The major goal of this investigation of these various options was to generate a spectrum of accessible strategies for polymeric material degradation. The optimal technique depends on the polymer type and predicted final product qualities. Different catalysts, such as ZSM-5 (Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 one of the most efficient catalysts), ZSM-5 with ammonium groups, and ZSM-5 with 10% Ni, improved the efficiency of several heating processes. The final products after polymeric material degradation were determined by the type and conditions of the degradation processes, results of the materials characterisation, and the scale of the reactors utilised. polymeric materials; reactors; pyrolysis; valuable chemicals +
Footnote †: journal: Applied Sciences  
wide use in industry and services is governed by their resistance to degradation by biological and chemical processes, as well as their low manufacturing costs [5]. They are frequently utilised to manufacture household goods, buildings, and packaging [6]. Polymers make up a significant share of plastic materials. However, because each good is defined by its time of use, after which it is transformed into waste that must be removed from the environment, the massive demand for polymeric materials is responsible for the massive amounts of waste that pose a hazardous risk to the environment [7]. This impacts the polymers' resilience to external conditions, causing problems with their disposal. Soil and groundwater are the parts of the environment most vulnerable to the impact of polymers. As a result, reducing the emission of polymeric waste into the environment through removal and neutralisation is critical [8]. Polymeric materials can be treated by thermal processing in the event of hazardous biomass and biomaterial waste [9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. However, the most desirable direction for waste management should be prevention. The design of products, technological processes, and activities that produce the least amounts of byproducts, or if such an opportunity exists, is reuse and recycle. However, there is no way to completely avoid byproduct creation in all processes. As a result, preparation for reuse, recycling, recovery, and disposal are alternate pathways [14]. The processing of polymeric waste by pyrolysis, which, similar to combustion and gasification, is a thermal process, is the principal direction of this alternate route for polymeric waste transformation. The contrasts between the three thermal conversion techniques of organic matter, including plastic waste, are depicted schematically [15]. This was later revised by [16]. Waste management with the smallest environmental impact is a widespread problem and a serious challenge. As a result, it can be carried out in a variety of ways. The primary goals are the disposal and prevention of its formation. Waste prevention is the most desirable, but it is impossible to completely exclude byproduct creation from activities. The two most important methods are landfilling and recycling via various procedures. Landfilling is the most hazardous waste disposal method owing to its high environmental impact due to dust and leachate.