## 4 Results  
The results of the survey are presented in the following section. Survey responses are presented by the four categories of the survey questions, these being Employment, Training, Safety, and Feasibility. To remain objective, the results of the survey questions are analyzed based on the participant's employment either as a 'Licensed Deck Officer' or 'Other', as displayed in Figure 1. The results are similar, with the largest differences being found in questions 4, 5, 9, and 13. These results are discussed in their respective categories. Figure 1: Comparing ‘Licensed Deck Officer’ survey responses vs. ‘Other’ survey responses. The Employment category consists of the first three survey questions. The responses show that 26 of the 42 surveyed participants, or 62%, are sailing Licensed Officers. Of all participants, 47.6% believe that unlimited tonnage/deep sea going vessels will be the maritime sector first impacted by autonomous shipping, and 50% agree that there will be less job opportunities for Licensed Deck Officers in the future. In this category of Training, questions 4-9 from the survey are displayed in Table 1.  
The majority of participants, 32 people, agree (33.3% strongly agree and 42.9% agree) that due to autonomous shipping, the skillset of the Licensed Deck Officer will significantly change; and 26 people agree (23.8% strongly agree and 38.1% agree) that Maritime Education and Training (MET) will significantly change within the next decade. Survey participants who are not employed as Licensed Deck Officers agree to these results more strongly than participants employed as Licensed Deck Officers. Participants strongly disagree (9.5%) or disagree (38.1%) that current sailing License Deck Officers are adequately prepared for industry changes; 38 participants do not believe that shipping companies, unions, and MET facilities are adequately prepared for changes in the industry regarding ship automation (21.4% strongly disagree and 69% disagree that they are prepared); 32 participants (16.7% strongly disagree and 59.5% disagree) that current cadets are adequately prepared for industry changes due to autonomous shipping; and 33 participants agree (47.6% strongly agree and 31% agree) that RCCs will require operators who possess experience and credentials similar to those of current License Deck Officers. A Likert Bar Graph representing results from the Training Category is found below, in Figure 2. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Question Number** & **Training Category Surveys Questions** & **Mean \& Median Answer** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{4} & The skill sets required for Licensed Deck & \multirow{4}{*}{**AGREE**} \\  & Officers will significantly change in the & & \\  & future due to autonomous shipping & & \\  & Licensed Deck Officer training will change & & \\
5 & significantly in the next 10 years by the onset & & \\  & of autonomous shipping & & \\  & Current sailing Licensed Deck Officers are & & \\
6 & adequately prepared for industry changes & & \\  & due to autonomous shipping & & \\  & Current Shipping Companies, Unions, and & & \\
7 & Merchant Mariner educational facilities are & & \\  & adequately prepared for industry changes & & \\  & regarding autonomous shipping & & \\  & Current midshipmen/cadets training are & & \\
8 & adequately prepared for industry changes & & \\  & regarding autonomous shipping & & \\  & Shore side control centers that will remotely & & \\
9 & control vessels will require operators who & & \\  & possess the experience and credentials & & \\  & similar to current Licensed Deck Officers & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Training Category survey questions and response results. Safety survey questions 10-15 are found below, in Table 2.  
The results of the safety section conclude that the majority, 24 participants, believe that an increase in vessel automation will increase Licensed Deck Officers' over-reliance on sensors and could cause information overflow (23.8% strongly agree and 33.3% agree).