# V2X Communications in Highway Environments: Scheduling Challenges and Solutions for 6G Networks
## 3 SOVANET+ Scheduling Algorithm  
The 5 GAA's technical report [3] and the white paper [4] outline the network-related requirements for advanced driving UCs. The report examines the spectrum requirements of 44 UCs categorized as \"initial/day-1\" or \"advanced\" driving for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), as implemented by C-V2X technologies. According to 5 GAA, LTE-V2X and NR-V2X are the most suitable technologies for the support of day-1 ITS and advanced driving UCs, respectively. When delving into advanced autonomous driving services, the demands become significantly more challenging, even for 5G networks. To analyze and validate the performance of SOVANET+, we have chosen the UCs listed in Table 1.  
The first two services were selected because they are delay-sensitive and the non-optimum system's performance would significantly affect the perceived QoS and, more importantly, road safety. For our analysis, these services have been combined with a generic day 1 non-critical service RTSA and one non-delay-sensitive V2N UC to simulate a plethora of services with diverse requirements and thus better evaluate the performance of our proposed mechanism. The key characteristics of all the UCs mentioned above can be found in Table 2. For ToD, we have assumed in the UL two video streams of 8 Mbps each, while for the case of DL, 400 kbps. Similarly, we considered only sensor-oriented data for the HDM service, which requires 4 Mbps on the UL and 16 Mbps on the DL. The DL path of HDM UC is reported as multicast, where a single DL radio signal can be reached by multiple UEs, therefore simulated as point-to-multipoint distributi \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**UCs** & **Description** \\ \hline \multirow{5}{*}{High-Definition Map Collection and Sharing (HDM)} & The visual range of the driver is obstructed in some road traffic situations, for instance by trucks driving in front. Video data sent from one vehicle to the other can support drivers in these safety-critical situations. Vehicles share their sensor data with an HD map provider, which then builds and shares HD maps with other vehicles. This service is intended to facilitate the development of higher automated driving levels. However, sharing low-resolution video data is not sufficient, as obstacles are not visible and might be overlooked. It is a V2N delay-sensitive service with significant throughput requirements on both the UL and DL. While traffic safety, as well as accident-free driving, is the task of each connected autonomous vehicle, ToD enables a human operator to remotely control autonomous vehicles for a short period. It is considered a V2N service because the server for this application can be located at the northbound interface, on the edge, or even on the operator’s core network. This service is delay-sensitive and has significant throughput requirements on the UL. AR is a service where a vehicle involved in an accident submits a report to the car OEM (or other entity). It is expected to influence vehicle actuation to avoid accidents and improve mobility. AR is a non-delay-sensitive service with minor throughput needs. RTSA is a service where vehicles share information on unsafe conditions ahead. Some examples include but are not limited to traffic congestion detected by slowly moving vehicles, adverse weather conditions detected by temperature changes and wiper activation, accidents detected by airbag deployment events, slippery road conditions detected by traction control events, and disabled vehicles detected by hazard lamps or low tire pressure. RTSA is a non-critical service with negligible throughput requirements. \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: UCs description. Moreover, in [4], an end-to-end delay of 20 ms for ToD is identified. AR is characterized as not delay-critical. In our analysis, we implemented the throughput-critical ToD UL and HDM DL adopting packet sizes of 10 kbytes and a packet transmission interval of 5 ms.