###### Abstract  
Organizations are transforming their linear models into circular models in order to become more sustainable. Remanufacturing is an essential element of the circular model; thus, there is an urgent need to adopt remanufacturing. It can offer organizations economic and environmental advantages and facilitate the transition to a circular economy (CE). Several aspects are crucial to the use of remanufacturing methods in order to transition to the CE. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a framework for investigating the causal relationship among determinants of adopting remanufacturing processes for the circular economy. Through an integrated approach comprising a literature review and the Modified Delphi Method, we identified ten remanufacturing adoption determinants. The causal relationship among these determinants was established using the DEMATEL method. Furthermore, we classified these determinants into cause and effect groups. Five determinants, \"consumer preferences\", \"remanufacturing adoption framework\", \"market opportunities\", \"management commitment\", and \"preferential tax policies\", belong to the cause group, and the remaining five belong to the effect group based on the effect score. To implement remanufacturing processes and transition to a circular economy, it is necessary to pay greater attention to these identified determinants, especially those that belong to the cause group. The outcomes of this study may aid management and policy makers in formulating strategies for effectively implementing remanufacturing methods within their organizations. c 2022 2  
through repurposing, repairing, reusing, remanufacturing, and recycling products [7]. Numerous businesses have now developed policies to promote CE processes and procedures for product design, production, and distribution, as well as end-of-life strategies for recovering value from discarded products [8]. Remanufacturing is one of the most important end-of-life techniques and can be considered a critical component of CE adoption. End-of-life and end-of-use products may be recycled, repaired, reused, refurbished, and remanufactured in the CE environment. Nonetheless, only remanufacturing assures that the quality of remanufactured items is the same as that of new ones [9; 10]. Remanufacturing is restoring end-of-life and end-of-use items to a like-new state through repairing, refurbishing, or replacing old and worn-out components [11]. Remanufacturing offers various environmental advantages by prolonging the life cycle of end-of-life and end-of-use items. For example, remanufacturing minimizes the consumption of resources and energy and the requirement to dispose of waste items in landfills [12; 13]. Due to these advantages, several firms, including IBM, HP, Fujifilm, Kodak, Caterpillar, etc., participate in massive remanufacturing. Remanufacturing eliminates the need for virgin materials, energy, and the associated costs connected with their production. [PERSON] et al. [14] defines remanufacturing as \"... an industrial process whereby used products are restored to useful life\". It has gained significant importance in recent years among industries and consumers due to greater consumer awareness of the environment and government laws [15; 16]. In a competitive business environment, several factors, such as advertising, preferential tax policies, consumer preferences, and rebates, influence supply chain participants' actions regarding remanufacturing adoption. As a sales promotion strategy, it is common for manufacturers to incentivize retailers to sell remanufactured product in the current business [17]. Some studies address the remanufacturing issue in the context of CE. For example, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [18] believe that remanufacturing is one of the most important strategies for achieving CE objectives. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [19] discussed how several scholars pursue CE goals through remanufacturing.