## 2 Materials, Methods, and Equipment
### Specimens Geometrical Dimensions, Manufacturing Parameters, and Experimental Procedures
The tensile examinations were performed utilizing the Zwick Z 100 universal testing machine (Zwick-Roell, Ulm, Germany), equipped with a maximum load capacity of 100 kN and a testing velocity of 5 mm/min. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c} \hline \hline
**Recorded Parameter** & **Infill Density** & **ABS Filament** & **ABS-like Resin** \\ \hline Print time (h.min.s) & 30\% & 00.23.14 & 06.38.14 \\  & 100\% & 00.26.42 & 06.38.14 \\ \hline Material mass used (g) & 30\% & 8.00 & 21.60 \\  & 100\% & 9.00 & 24.60 \\ \hline Filament length used (m) & 30\% & 4.01 & - \\  & 100\% & 3.62 & - \\ \hline Quantity of material used (mL) & 30\% & - & 19.63 \\  & 100\% & - & 22.31 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Recorded parameters during the 3D printing. Figure 3: Three-dimensionally-printed ABS and ABS-like specimens: (a) ABS with 30% fill density (FDM), (b) ABS with 100% fill density (FDM), (c) ABS-like with 30% fill density (SLA), and (d) ABS-like with 100% fill density (SLA). The gathered data encompass the specimens tested and their respective tensile test results. The testXpert software (Version II) was employed for the collection and supervision of the tensile test data. This advanced software enables not only the acquisition of key data points such as the tensile strength (\(\sigma\) in MPa), strain (\(\varepsilon\) in %), nominal strain at break (\(\varepsilon_{tb}\) in %), and Young's modulus (\(E\) in MPa) for each test but also assists in generating tensile strength-strain curves. Subsequently to the tensile strength data being obtained, the forthcoming section will detail the results, which were processed using Excel. The mechanical parameters, specifically the maximum displacement (\(\Delta L\) in mm) and the maximal force at break (\(F_{max}\) in N), were determined based on the data from the tensile tests. The maximal displacement, denoted as \(\Delta L\), was calculated utilizing Equation (1), wherein \(\varepsilon\) signifies the nominal strain at break and \(L\) corresponds to the initial grip separation, as depicted in Figure 4. Concurrently, the maximal force at break, \(F_{max}\), was ascertained using Equation (2). In this equation, \(E\) is [PERSON]'s modulus, \(A\) indicates the narrowest cross-sectional area, \(\Delta L\) is the maximal displacement, and \(L\) is the initial grip separation distance. \[\Delta L=\varepsilon\cdot L\cdot\frac{1}{100\%} \tag{1}\]  
\[F_{\text{max}}=E\cdot A\cdot\frac{\Delta L}{L} \tag{2}\]  
Figure 4: The tensile strength–strain curves for ABS specimens produced using FDM 3D printing with a 30% infill density (referred to as Case 1). The following section will showcase the outcomes derived from evaluating the tensile mechanical properties of 3D-printed specimens using ABS filament and ABS-like resin. The data from the tensile tests are categorized into four distinct sections: (1) information from FDM 3D-printed ABS samples made with ABS filament and 30% infill density (1A_30, 2A_30, 3A_30, 4A_30, and 5A_30)--referred to as Case 1, (2) details of FDM 3D-printed ABS samples produced with ABS filament and 100% infill density (1A_100, 2A_100, 3A_100, 4A_100, and 5A_100)--known as Case 2, (3) data from SLA 3D-printed ABS-like samples created using ABS-like resin with 30% infill density (1S_30, 2S_30, 3S_30, 4S_30, and 5S_30)--termed Case 3, and (4) information on SLA 3D-printed ABS-like samples made from ABS-like resin with a 100% infill density (1S_100, 2S_100, 3S_100, 4S_100, and 5S_100)--designated as Case 4.