###### Abstract  
In this paper, an innovative approach concerning the investigation of the human heart is introduced, employing state-of-the-art technologies. In particular, sophisticated algorithms were developed to automatically reconstruct a 3D model of a human heart based on DICOM data and to segment the main parts that constitute it. Regarding the reconstructed 3D model, a diagnosis of the examined patient can be derived, whereas in the present study, a clinical case involving the coarctation of the aorta was inspected. Moreover, numerical approaches that are able to simulate flows on complex shapes were considered. Thereupon, the outcomes of the computation analysis coupled with the segmented patient-specific 3D model were inserted in a virtual reality environment, where the clinicians can visualize the blood flow at the vessel walls and train on real-life medical scenarios, enhancing their procedural understanding prior to the actual operation. The physical model was 3D-printed via the MultiJet 3D printing process utilizing materials possessing an adequate mechanical response replicating the mechanical properties and the geometrical characteristics of the human heart. The presented tools aim at the creation of an innovative digital environment, where gaining surgical experience and developing pre-operative strategies could be achieved without the risk and anxiety of actual surgery. c 2023 advanced imaging techniques to study the heart's anatomy and function [1] and computational simulations to study the hemodynamics of blood flow through the heart [2]. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are applied to analyze large amounts of patient data, making more accurate predictions of disease progression, treatment outcomes, and complications [3]. Finally, additive manufacturing (AM) procedures are employed to construct identical models of human hearts [4]. VR technology can be employed in cardiology to simulate the human heart in an interactive and immersive manner. Hereupon, healthcare professionals and medical students can experience a detailed and realistic representation of the heart, allowing for an enhanced understanding of its structure and function [5]. The main idea is to use medical imaging data, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, to create 3D models of the heart that can be imported into a virtual environment. Once inside the virtual environment, the users can interact with the heart model in various ways, such as zooming in on specific areas, rotating the heart to view it from different angles, as well as highlighting different structures of interest. The VR software can also provide additional information about the heart, such as its blood flow, the different parts of the heart, and how it functions [6]. Furthermore, VR technology can also be applied in medical training to simulate demanding surgeries in such a way that medical students and healthcare professionals could practice in a safe and controlled environment improving that way their skills reducing the risk of errors during real-life procedures. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) composes a powerful analysis tool that can be used to evaluate the flow of blood in the human heart with the aid of numerical simulations, providing valuable insights into the hemodynamics of the heart, such as blood pressure, flow rates, and velocity profiles. In particular, CFD simulations can be applied to study the progression and development of cardiovascular diseases, such as aneurysms and atherosclerosis [7]. Through analyzing the flow patterns in the heart, researchers can identify areas of high shear stress and turbulence, which can lead to the formation of plaque and other disease-related conditions. Another sector in which these numerical analyses are utilized is in the design and optimization of medical devices, such as heart valves and stents, where the developed CFD models are capable of identifying potential blockages or turbulences in the heart.