## 6 Complexity Analysis
### Accuracy
#### 6.3.2 Comparison of Content-Based Measures  
This section focuses on how SMTW \"outperformed CRMDL\" in linking Urdu, a low-resource language, with English, a high-resource language, using content-based techniques. The improvement achieved by SMTW is discussed in detail, and the comparison is based on three evaluation parameters, which are:  
1. _Result improvement_ The outcomes of both CRMDL and SMTW techniques are compared, emphasizing the improved results achieved by SMTW and ranking them accordingly. The term \"improvement\" indicates that the result now includes all the relevant news articles within the top-five ranking or that the ranking of the relevant articles has been  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**No.**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**News Articles**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**English**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Sources**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**During**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Proposed**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Measures**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Results**} \\  & & & & & & \\ \hline
1 & 4 & 3 & 1 & 3 & Yes & Yes & Yes \\ \hline
2 & 10 & 2 & 5 & 5 & Yes & Yes & Yes \\ \hline
3 & 20 & 1 & 10 & 10 & 5 & Yes & Yes \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}{c} 282 \\ (One-Day) \\ \end{tabular} & 2 & 152 & 130 & 4 & No & Yes & Yes \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: Dataset overview for linking of bilingual news articles.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline Urdu Article & \(\
icefrac{{1}}{{2}}\)\(\
icefrac{{1}}{{2}}\  
==WARNING: Truncated because of repetitions==
}\\ \text{eng4}\\ \text{\end{array}}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng7}\\ \text{eng4}\\ \text{eng4}\\ \text{\end{array}}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng7}\\ \text{eng4}\\ \text{eng4}\\ \text{\end{array}}\) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{urNews2} & & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng6}\\ \text{eng8}\\ \text{eng5}\\ \text{eng3}\\ \end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng5}\\ \text{eng3}\\ \text{eng3}\\ \end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng5}\\ \text{eng10}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng8}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng1}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \end{array}\) & \(\begin{array}{c}\text{eng10}\\ \text{eng6}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{eng7}\\ \text{end}\) & \(\begin{array}{
+++  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Eng News** & **CRMDL CT** & **SMTW CT** & **CT Impact** \\ \hline Eng1 & 49 & 75 & \\ \hline Eng2 & 22 & 31 & \\ \hline Eng3 & 22 & 31 & \\ \hline Eng4 & 25 & 36 & \\ \hline Eng5 & 26 & 34 & \\ \hline Eng6 & 12 & 20 & \\ \hline
**Eng News** & **CRMDL CT** & **SMTW CT** & **CT Impact** \\ \hline Eng1 & 14 & 18 & \\ \hline Eng2 & 12 & 14 & \\ \hline Eng3 & 06 & 06 & - \\ \hline Eng4 & 04 & 04 & - \\ \hline Eng5 & 07 & 07 & - \\ \hline Eng6 & 06 & 06 & - \\ \hline Eng7 & 06 & 06 & - \\ \hline Eng8 & 11 & 11 & - \\ \hline Eng9 & 02 & 02 & - \\ \hline Eng News** & **CRMDL CT** & **SMTW CT** & **CT Impact** \\ \hline Eng1 & 82 & 121 & \\ \hline Eng2 & 83 & 115 & \\ \hline Eng3 & 162 & 219 & \\ \hline Eng4 & 87 & 106 & \\ \hline Eng5 & 66 & 97 & \\ \hline Eng6 & 55 & 83 & \\ \hline Eng7 & 56 & 86 & \\ \hline Eng8 & 42 & 71 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 9: Improved results of SMTW Approach vs. CRMDL Approach for one-day news article sets. \(\blacktriangle\) indicates improved results, and “-” represent “no Change or no impact”.