# Development and Application of a Novel Tsunami Monitoring System Based on Submerged Mooring
## 2 Overall System Design  
The highly reliable tsunami real-time monitoring system adopts a submarine anchor system structure design. It measures deep-sea seabed pressure data in real time through an underwater pressure sensor unit. The underwater data collection unit can calculate the corresponding tidal level value during the corresponding period based on the pressure data and detect tsunami waves. The overall system design is shown in Figure 1. According to the research, the anchor system structure of a submersible can improve the safety of the system, reduce the risk of human damage, and ensure the long-term in-place operation of the system [19; 20]. The highly reliable tsunami real-time monitoring system consists of a data acquisition and processing subsystem, a mooring and release subsystem, a data transmission subsystem, and a shore station data-receiving subsystem. The following is a detailed introduction to each subsystem. The data acquisition and processing subsystem is the core function of the tsunami real-time monitoring system, mainly realizing functions such as pressure data acquisition, raw data processing, tsunami wave determination, data communication control, and feedback. This subsystem includes hardware modules such as pressure sensors and data collectors. The pressure sensors collect pressure data in real-time and transmit them to the data collector through coupling transmission. At the data collector end, tidal level values are calculated, and tsunami waves are determined. After a tsunami wave propagation event is identified, a tsunami alarm is triggered, and the original data within the corresponding time period are packaged and transmitted back to the shore station data-receiving subsystem. The mooring and release subsystem is the basic platform for ensuring the in situ operation and real-time data transmission of the tsunami monitoring system. It connects various hardware modules in the ocean through an anchoring structure and is designed with an automatic release communication buoy, which can ensure the reliable ejection of the water-surface-communication buoy. This subsystem mainly includes surface communication buoys, communication cables, underwater buoys (equipped with surface communication buoy devices and release devices), data collectors, plastic-coated steel cables (equipped with coupling transmission devices), underwater units (equipped with pressure sensors and release devices), and anchoring weights. Figure 1: Overall design (reconstruction) of coupled transmission tsunami buoy system. The data transmission subsystem adopts multiple redundant communication methods to achieve real-time data transmission back to the shore station data-receiving subsystem, which is essential to achieving real-time tsunami warnings. This subsystem consists of coupling transmission modules, plastic-coated steel cables, communication buoys, and satellite transceiver devices. The real-time measurement data of the pressure sensor on the seabed are transmitted to the data collector through a coupled transmission module. If the data collector recognizes a tsunami wave, it triggers a tsunami warning. The mooring and release subsystem will use surface communication buoys to send the data to the shore station data-receiving subsystem via satellite [21]. The shore station data-receiving subsystem adopts a server/client development mode. The server side is responsible for buoy configuration management, data communication reception and storage, and tsunami data status and alarms. The client side realizes multi-user data inquiry, data analysis, and buoy status and tsunami status display management operations through network access and data interface query.