## 3 State of Technology
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Author** & **Year** & **Cap.** & **T\({}_{\text{onset}}\)** & **T\({}_{\text{tick}}\)** & **\(\Delta\)T\({}_{\text{train}}\)** & **COP** & **Compressor** & **Absorber Design** & **Desorber Design** & **Ref.** \\
**(Location)** & **Year** & **[**MW**] & [\({}^{\circ}\)C] & [\({}^{\circ}\)C] & **[\({}^{\circ}\)C]** & **[K]** & **[\({}^{\circ}\)]** & **Design** & **Absorber Design** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{**Wet compression cycle**} \\
**Malewski** & 1988 & 500 & 35 & 60 \(\pm\) 0.80 & n/a & 4.4 & wet, screw, & Shell/tube horizontal & Shell/tube horizontal & [57] \\
**(Germany)** & 1990 & 1000 & 25 to 5 & 15 \(\pm\) 0.85 & 27.9 & 4.4 & wet, screw, & Shell/tube horizontal & Shell/tube horizontal & [35] \\
**(Hungary)** & 1991 & 1.4 & 16 to 3 & 35 to 60 & 38.6 & 3.0\({}_{\text{C}}\) & wet, scroll, & wet, scroll, & Tube/tube coaxial & [58] \\
**(Sweden)** & 1998 & 13 & 44 to 38 & 40 to 53 & 5.3 & 3.1 & wet, liquid ring, + set & Plate-fin vertical & Plate-fin vertical & [59] \\
**(Neitherlands)** & 2003 & 18.9 & 70 to 65 & 76 to 92 & 16.3 & 1.4 & wet, twin screw, + set & Shell/tube vertical & Shell/tube vertical & [60] \\ \hline \multicolumn{10}{c}{**ACHP with two-stage solution circuit**} \\
**Rane, Rademacher** & 1991 & 4.2 & 4 to \(-\)5 & 96 to 104 & 100.5 & 1.0\({}_{\text{C}}\) & dry, recip, & Shell/tube vertical & Shell/tube vertical & [39] \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{**ACHP with single circuit and desorber/absorber heat exchange (DAHO)**} \\
**Groll, Rademacher** & 1994 & 5 & 0 to \(-\)6 & 58 to 74 & 68.7 & 0.9\({}_{\text{C}}\) & dry, recip, & Shell/tube vertical & Shell/tube vertical & [42] \\ \multicolumn{10}{c}{**(USA)**} \\
**Eyalations: Cap: Heating capacity; AT\({}_{\text{train}}\): Total temperature lift determined as the difference of the logarithmic mean temperatures; COP\({}_{\text{C}}\): Cooling COP; Compressor design: Oil-chlorinated; dry: Oil-free wet. Calibration done by solution; rept: Reprocessing compressor + set: Single-stage compression; net: Two-stage compression; Absorber/Desorber design: TIFE. Pike heat exchange: Ref. Reference.** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._As initially described, the first commercially used ACHP systems were commissioned in recent years. Here, the ACHP cycle with single-stage solution circuit using a two-stage compression with intercooling and desuperheater before the mixing at the absorber inlet was implemented. The ACHP cycle with single-stage solution circuit is the most frequently experimental investigated cycle, accounting for 16 publications identified from 1983 until 2021. The installed capacities range from laboratory plants starting from 7 kW up to industrial pilot plants with capacities ranging from 160 kW up to 4500 kW. An identical inlet temperature was often selected for source and sink temperatures of laboratory systems, whereby a larger temperature glide was usually achieved on the sink side. The highest achieved sink temperature was at constant 115 \({}^{\circ}\)C during a steam generation process, with many other attempts frequently ranged below 100 \({}^{\circ}\)C due to the limitation of the open auxiliary circuits used. Due to large temperature glides occurring in the heat sink and source of ACHP cycles, the total temperature lift \(\Delta\)T\({}_{\text{m,lift}}\) is employed to evaluate the experimentally achieved temperature lifts, as suggested by [PERSON] (1895) [61].