## 3 Results
### Findings from the Stakeholder Workshop
#### 3.2.1 A Core Finding Was That Actor Diversity Is Key for Building Energy Resilience  
All three dimensions of governance--local, regional, state and beyond--will contribute to the development of a resilient energy system piloting in East Gippsland (Figure 6). The map shows the diverse stakeholders and how they are connected. The connections associated with the Smart Grid Innovation Group (Figure 6, yellow post-it) demonstrate the relevance of hybrid groups to increase interconnectedness among stakeholders. The red arrows in Figure 6 indicate connections between organisations that have been identified as core players and may influence and/or be affected by a \"resilient and reliable energy system\". The critical path to implementation is highlighted in orange, and involves government departments, emergency services, communities, the LVA and associates.  
2.2 Another Important Finding Was That Community Needs Must Inform the Vision of the Emergency Distributed Energy System Concept for Gippsland  
Here, we present an example from Gippsland in Australia, where an Emergency Distributed Energy System (DES) concept has been developed through regional community-government collaboration. This study explores other similar community actions as a response to both climate emergencies and environmental disasters in Australia and internationally, using empirical and desktop methods. The research proposes this as an effective way for rethinking the way energy infrastructure is designed and deployed in rural areas affected by climate disasters.  
An Emergency DES was subsequently defined as a decentralised energy system powered by solar PV, combined with battery storage, which is installed on public buildings and provides low-cost and clean electricity supply daily, and especially during climate emergencies when the connection to the main grid becomes unreliable. The detailed  
Figure 6: Stakeholder map shows critical organisations for the development of an Emergency DES in East Gippsland. The Gippsland community group Voices of the Valley (VotV) is represented as a blue sticky note.  
conceptualisation of the Emergency DES was guided by community concerns around energy supply and ensuring the well-being of vulnerable community members during times of crisis. The next section (Section 3) discusses community-level responses to extreme events and their relevance towards climate adaptation through Emergency DES. It would also provide a proof-of-concept to help the community move towards more reliable, affordable, and clean energy into the future. The community group Voice of the Valley expressed the need for an Emergency DES to address energy resiliency among other issues, these may involve any combination of technologies integrated into a single system for use in times of crisis, which include solar PV and/or wind power, energy storage, an emergency generator (for fuel pumps, fridges, freezers), and satellite communications with extended Wi-Fi and other systems crucial for emergencies (water purification, cooling, heating, cooking and hot water. In addition, the community envisions the DES system to include an electric vehicle charging station and other electricity grid support devices. Figure 7 shows the concept including essential functions of an Emergency DES as developed by the Gippsland community and other stakeholders during a forum on the topic. The graph includes the above-mentioned technologies and the system opportunity to connect to the grid.