## 5 Conclusions  
The analysis concerns the construction design of a causeway on soft soil, considering the safety factors, displacements, and stresses that occurred. The analysis results show an average safety factor of 3.0, with construction Phase 10 exhibiting the lowest safety factor at 2.17. Soil settlement around the pipe is greater without the pipe protection. Without corrugated steel plate (CSP) pipe protection, the results show a maximum soil settlement of 288.31 mm. On the other hand, when pipe protection is installed, the maximum settlement is 26.91 mm. Installing CSP reduces the load from the embankment above the pipe as it bears the majority of the load instead of the underlying soil. Additionally, the presence of CSP results in a thinner embankment atop the soil, thus reducing its load. These observations conclude that CSP reinforcement effectively reduces soil settlement around the pipe by 90.64%.  
We conduct capacity control of the pipe protection, namely corrugated steel plate (CSP), based on its lateral deformation capacity and allowable stresses. Furthermore, the installation of CSP in conjunction with a concrete footing slab must guarantee safety in  
Figure 15: Stress in footing slab on construction phase 14.  
terms of permissible bearing capacity. The results obtained indicate that control over the permissible stress of CSP is secure against the stresses incurred, as CSP withstands a maximum stress of 35,499.79 kN/m\({}^{2}\), which is smaller than the allowable stress of 144,000 kN/m\({}^{2}\).  
Monitoring the lateral deformation that occurs is equally as important as controlling the allowable stress. Based on the model results, the maximum lateral deformation observed on the corrugated steel plate (CSP) is 41.37 mm. Furthermore, the maximum stress experienced on the concrete footing slab is 123.40 kN/m\({}^{2}\), which is lower than the allowable bearing capacity of 128.61 kN/m\({}^{2}\). This study concludes that the combination of pipe protection with corrugated steel plate (CSP), concrete footing slab, and bamboo reinforcement effectively protects the buried pipe from the surcharge load above it. However, more detailed planning concerning ground improvement is necessary for designs intended for longer-term usage to control the deformation that may occur when the embankment serves as a container yard.  
Conceptualization, A.N.R. and M.I.; methodology, K.Y. and K.I.; software, K.I. and K.Y.; validation, K.I. and D.N.P.A.P.; formal analysis, K.I. and D.N.P.A.P.; investigation, K.Y. and K.I.; resources, M.I. and A.N.R.; data curation, A.N.R.; writing--original draft preparation, K.Y and D.N.P.A.P.; writing--review and editing, K.Y. and D.N.P.A.P.; visualization, K.Y. and A.N.R.; project administration, A.N.R. and M.I.; funding acquisition, A.N.R. and M.I. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research was funded by PT. Inti Teknik Solusi Cemerlang (ITSC), and the APC was funded by PT. ITSC.  
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.  
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.