## 1 Introduction  
Biomass generated during agricultural production can be used as an energy source in various forms, depending on its physicochemical properties and availability [1]. Agriculture, as one of the branches of the economy, generates huge amounts of waste each year that can be used for energy purposes. Typically, such biomass, when unsuitable for use as feed, is incirated, composted, or landfill. Wastes from industrial crops are potential raw materials to produce fuels, polymers and building materials [2]. The combustion of fossil fuels is associated with environmental pollution caused by the emission of billions of tons of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases annually [3]. Therefore, there is a need to use renewable energy sources. Cultivation plants have the great advantage of absorbing the rising levels of CO\({}_{2}\) in the atmosphere [4].  
In addition, waste biomass generated during the cultivation of selected plants can be treated as renewable energy sources that can be directly or indirectly converted into energy [5]. The use of biomass for combustion is also a way to reduce the amount of methane emitted into the atmosphere, which is generated from the decomposition of biomass in landfills or in open composting systems [6].  
The use of waste generated during agricultural production is popular in most developing countries due to economic factors and its easy availability [7]. Even though agricultural biomass has a relatively low calorific value, it has been used in many countries in Asia and Africa as the main source of energy [8]. In Europe and North America, it is an alternative to fossil fuels [9]. Biomass generated during agricultural production is a valuable source of sustainable energy and its energy value depends on the type of crop. Waste from agricultural production can be directly used to produce heat and electricity [5]. In addition, biogas or ethanol can be obtained from this waste [10] to meet the energy needs of households [11]. Agricultural biomass can also be subjected to the pelletizing process, and as pellets, can be used for combustion in central heating furnaces for households and industrial boilers [12]. Pellets have many advantages. They are characterized by low moisture, low ash content, and are neutral in terms of carbon dioxide emissions [13]. In addition, taking into account the amount of macro and microelements present in the ashes, which are solid products of pellet combustion, they can be beneficially used as fertilizer in the fields [14]. In accordance with sustainable development and environmental protection, the most advantageous way of using the ashes obtained from the combustion of plant biomass is to return them to the soil [15]. Global reserves of conventional fuels are limited. The decrease in the availability of fossil fuels causes an increase in their prices, affecting the global economic situation. Therefore, the availability of biofuel from agricultural biomass is an alternative option to reduce energy consumption dependence on traditional fuels [16].  
The aim of the work was to produce pellets from waste generated during the cultivation of selected plants for industrial purposes and to assess their quality and impact on the natural environment.