# Genetic Variations Associated with Long-Term Treatment Response in Bipolar Depression
## 3 Results
### Primary Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Variables** & **B** & **SD** & \(\beta\) & \(t\) & **Sig.** \\ \hline
**CGI-BP-M overall** & & & & & \\ R\({}^{2}\) = 0.249; F = 5.898; \(p\)-value = 4 \(\times\)\(10^{-4}\) & & & & \\ \hline (constant) & 1.457 & 0.150 & & 9.722 & 0.000 \\
**Response to SNRs** & \(\mathbf{-0.454}\) & \(\mathbf{0.205}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.230}\) & \(\mathbf{-2.215}\) & \(\mathbf{0.030}\) \\ Smoke quantity & 0.019 & 0.007 & 0.273 & 2.629 & 0.010 \\ Treatment with anxiolytes in IE & 0.457 & 0.181 & 0.263 & 2.529 & 0.014 \\
**Reduced metabolism of quetiapine** & \(\mathbf{-0.288}\) & \(\mathbf{0.136}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.221}\) & \(\mathbf{-2.111}\) & \(\mathbf{0.038}\) \\ \hline
**CGI-BP-M depression** & & & & & \\ R\({}^{2}\) = 0.262; F = 6.303; \(p\)-value = 2 \(\times\)\(10^{-4}\) & & & & \\ \hline (constant) & 1.405 & 0.151 & & 9.292 & 0.000 \\
**Response to SNRs** & \(\mathbf{-0.472}\) & \(\mathbf{0.207}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.235}\) & \(\mathbf{2.281}\) & \(\mathbf{0.026}\) \\ Smoke quantity & 0.020 & 0.007 & 0.290 & 2.816 & 0.006 \\ Treatment with anxiolytes in IE & 0.446 & 0.183 & 0.252 & 2.445 & 0.017 \\
**Reduced metabolism of quetiapine** & \(\mathbf{-0.315}\) & \(\mathbf{0.138}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.238}\) & \(\mathbf{-2.292}\) & \(\mathbf{0.025}\) \\ \hline
**HDRS-17** & & & & & \\ R\({}^{2}\) = 0.326; F = 8.354; \(p\)-value = 0.000 & & & & \\ \hline (constant) & -0.647 & 3.016 & & \(-0.215\) & 0.831 \\
**Response to SNRs** & \(\mathbf{-4.753}\) & \(\mathbf{1.408}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.336}\) & \(\mathbf{-3.376}\) & \(\mathbf{0.001}\) \\ Age at enrollment & 0.137 & 0.071 & 0.205 & 1.929 & 0.058 \\ Other psychiatric comorbidities & 4.314 & 1.528 & 0.281 & 2.824 & 0.006 \\ Medical comorbidities & 3.025 & 1.399 & 0.230 & 2.162 & 0.034 \\ \hline
**Number of adverse effects** & & & & & \\ R\({}^{2}\) = 0.168; F = 6.664; \(p\)-value = 0.0023 & & & & \\ \hline (constant) & 0.731 & 0.152 & & 4.809 & 0.000 \\ Number of previous episodes & 0.032 & 0.011 & 0.336 & 2.983 & 0.004 \\
**Response to SNRs** & \(\mathbf{0.584}\) & \(\mathbf{0.252}\) & \(\mathbf{0.261}\) & \(\mathbf{2.316}\) & \(\mathbf{0.024}\) \\ \hline
**Number of adverse effects (including suicidal ideation and mood switch)** & & & & \\ R\({}^{2}\) = 0.138; F = 5.779; \(p\)-value = 0.0047 & & & & \\ \hline (constant) & \(\mathbf{1.576}\) & \(\mathbf{0.126}\) & & \(\mathbf{12.531}\) & \(\mathbf{0.000}\) \\
**Lower side effects of risperidone** & \(\mathbf{-1.115}\) & \(\mathbf{0.439}\) & \(\mathbf{-0.278}\) & \(\mathbf{-2.539}\) & \(\mathbf{0.013}\) \\
**paliperidone** & & & & & \\ Other psychiatric comorbidities & \(\mathbf{0.638}\) & \(\mathbf{0.291}\) & \(\mathbf{0.240}\) & \(\mathbf{2.197}\) & \(\mathbf{0.031}\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Multiple linear regression results between continuous variables selected by the forward-selection method and the clinical outcome assessed with the CGI-BP-M (overall and depression subscale), the HDRS-17 and the number of adverse effects. Non-pharmacogenetic variables with a significant effect on the CGI-BP-M scores were the amount of tobacco and the treatment with anxiolytes (Table 3). The presence of comorbidities significantly predicted higher HDRS-17 scores. The number of previous episodes and the presence of psychiatric comorbidities were also positively correlated with the number of adverse effects.