## 2 Intelligent Sensors and Their Basic Security Issues
The paper studies well known WSN dedicated security protocols and solutions (SNEP--Secure Network Encryption Protocol, \(\mu\)TESLA--Micro Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication, TinySec--the link layer security architecture for WSN, TinyPK--public key technology for WSN) which can be helpful in the implementation of the further discussed security objectives (Section 5). The specific key management issues in a decentralized wireless network environment are discussed in the paper [7]. Different key management schemes with respect to network architecture and protocols properties have been developed, including NRFP (Novel Re-keying Function Protocol) presented in the paper. The network base station provided with long-lasting power is distinguished. It works as a controller (or a key server) for other nodes. The protocol is based on the symmetric key cryptography, hash functions and the used two modes of re-keying operations. The paper [8] discusses the security problems specific to the Vehicular _Ad Hoc_ Networks (VANETs) used to build applications improving road safety and providing information services for drivers. VANETs are a kind of MANETs, _i.e._, Mobile _Ad Hoc_ Network, which are self configuring networks of mobile devices connected by wireless links. In VANETs, road vehicles are equipped with network devices playing the role of routers. The communication is assured among nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearby fixed equipment (roadside equipment). When a vehicle moves with high velocity, the topology changes rapidly. Due to this fact the following attacks can be performed more easily: jamming, data forgery, impersonation, and privacy violation. This may cause more complicated security problems. For example, issuing false car position information, or claiming multiple falsified identities (a Sybil attack) causing the illusion of traffic congestion, may cause serious traffic control system disturbance. To solve these problems, specific measures are used. VANETs security needs further researches and can be another field of applications of the presented method. The paper [9] reviews the fourth generation of cellular communication systems (4G), the MANET networks and their common use in battlefield applications. The problem is to provide energy to such mobile devices. The features of both rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries are discussed with respect to the battlefield requirements. The batteries have limited life, and their considerable weight (with reserve ones) should not reduce the soldiers' mobility. Geographical factors (shape of the land) and environmental factors (natural mountains differ from urban areas with metal-concrete and electric barriers) may influence the communication ability of the military 4G MANETs. Additionally, specific risks related to the enemy's actions disturbing communication between army forces should be considered during the development of these military wireless networks. The specific issues of a more-based medical sensor network are discussed in [10]. Long-term monitoring of vital signs of chronic-diseases patients requires dependable operations, data privacy and authenticity protection. The proposed security mechanism consists of a scheme for verifying the authenticity of the patient's data, key agreement protocol to provide shared keys for sensor nodes and base stations, and the implementation of a symmetric key encryption/decryption system for protecting data confidentiality and integrity. Two hardware solutions for motes implementation were considered. One of them will be discussed later, during the identification of the common features of intelligent sensors and working out the security model for them. The paper [11] summarizes the comparative analysis of common threats, vulnerabilities, attacks and applied measures for two areas: smart card/RFID technology and wireless sensor network node technology.