## 5 Data Analysis and Results
### Moderation Effects
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**(I) Age**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**(J) Age**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Mean Difference (I-J)**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Std. Error**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Sig.**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**95\% Confidence Interval**} \\ \cline{5-8}  & & & & & **Lower Bound** & **Upper Bound** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{18 to less than 34} & 34 to less than 44 & 2.00912 * & 0.05626 & 0.000 & 1.8553 & 2.1630 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 44 to less than 54 & 0.31540 & 0.14593 & 0.196 & \(-\)0.0837 & 0.7145 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 54 to less than 64 & 0.23540 & 0.20436 & 0.779 & \(-\)0.3235 & 0.7943 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 64 and over & 0.07540 & 0.37052 & 1.000 & \(-\)0.9379 & 1.0888 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{34 to less than 44} & 18 to less than 34 & \(-\)2.00912 * & 0.05626 & 0.000 & \(-\)2.1630 & \(-\)1.8553 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 44 to less than 54 & \(-\)1.69371 * & 0.15103 & 0.000 & \(-\)2.1068 & \(-\)1.2807 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 54 to less than 64 & \(-\)1.77371 * & 0.20803 & 0.000 & \(-\)2.3427 & \(-\)1.2048 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 64 and over & \(-\)1.93371 * & 0.37256 & 0.000 & \(-\)2.9526 & \(-\)0.9148 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{44 to less than 54} & 18 to less than 34 & \(-\)0.31540 & 0.14593 & 0.196 & \(-\)0.7145 & 0.0837 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 34 to less than 44 & 1.69371 * & 0.15103 & 0.000 & 1.2807 & 2.1068 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 54 to less than 64 & \(-\)0.08000 & 0.24781 & 0.998 & \(-\)0.7577 & 0.5977 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 64 and over & \(-\)0.24000 & 0.39615 & 0.974 & \(-\)1.3234 & 0.8434 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{54 to less than 64} & 18 to less than 34 & \(-\)0.23540 & 0.20436 & 0.779 & \(-\)0.7943 & 0.3235 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 34 to less than 44 & 1.77371 * & 0.20803 & 0.000 & 1.2048 & 2.3427 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 44 to less than 54 & 0.08000 & 0.24781 & 0.998 & \(-\)0.5977 & 0.7577 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 64 and over & \(-\)0.16000 & 0.42119 & 0.996 & \(-\)1.3119 & 0.9919 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{64 and over} & 18 to less than 34 & \(-\)0.07540 & 0.37052 & 1.000 & \(-\)1.0888 & 0.9379 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 34 to less than 44 & 1.93371 * & 0.37256 & 0.000 & 0.9148 & 2.9526 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 44 to less than 54 & 0.24000 & 0.39615 & 0.974 & \(-\)0.8434 & 1.3234 \\ \cline{2-8}  & 54 to less than 64 & 0.16000 & 0.42119 & 0.996 & \(-\)0.9919 & 1.3119 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 10: Multiple comparisons analysis of the information adoption (IA) attributed to age. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Sum of Squares**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Df**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Mean Square**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**F**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Sig.**} \\ \cline{2-8}  & Between Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8} Information adoption & Between Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8} attributed to age. & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Total & 810.534 & 703 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Information adoption & Between & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Total & 810.534 & 703 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Information adoption & Between & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Total & 810.534 & 703 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Information adoption & Between & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Total & 810.534 & 703 & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Information adoption & Between & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Within Groups & & & & & \\ \cline{2-8}  & Total & 810.534 & 703 & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 9: ANOVA analysis of respondents’ information adoption (IA) attributed to age, education level, and previous experience. Table 11 shows the statistical significance of the differences between each pair of groups for education level. The three groups (i.e., bachelor, master, and PhD) were statistically different from each other.