## 3 Results and Discussion
### Fatty Acid Composition

Table 1: \(Cont.\)  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & & **Average EA** & **Average EA** & **Average EA** & **Average EA** \\
**Lipid Number** & **Systematic Name (IUPAC)** & **Common Name** & **Content (\%) in _Tilia_ & **Content (\%) in _Tilia_** & **Content (\%) in _Tilia_** & **Content (\%) in _Tilia_** \\  & & & _condata Samples_ & _cordata Samples_ & _plathyballs_ & _plathyballs_ \\
**C17:1(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & 8-heptadecenoic acid & / & 0.21 & 0.14 & 0.21 & 0.14 \\
**C17:2(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & 8, 11-heptadecenoic acid & / & 0.18-0.24) & (0.10-0.20) & (0.18-0.23) & (0.06-0.18) \\
**C18:0** & **C**tadecanoic acid & Palmitic acid & 9.17 & 8.59 & 8.31 & 8.55 \\
**C16:0** & **Hexadecanoic acid** & **Palmitic acid** & (8.32-9.86) & (7.89-0.21) & (8.13-8.49) & (7.90-9.21) \\
**C16:1 (A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & (9 \(\cdot\)2)-p-hexadecenoic acid & Palmitic acid & 0.22 & 0.13 & 0.12 & 0.07 \\  & & & (0.19-0.24) & (0.10-0.16) & (0.11-0.12) & (0.05-0.10) \\
**C17:1(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & (10 \(\cdot\)2)-10-heptadecenoic & / & / & 0.74 & 0.68 \\  & acid & / & (0.49-1.02) & / & (0.51-0.91) \\
**C17:1(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & 8-heptadecenoic acid & / & 0.76 & / & 0.78 & / \\
**C17:2(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & 8-heptadecenoic acid & / & (0.73-0.81) & / & (0.69-0.86) & / \\
**C17:2(A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & 8, 11-heptadecenoic acid & / & (1.05-1.14) & / & 1.25 & / \\
**C18:0** & **C**tadecanoic acid & **S**earic acid & 1.38 & 1.38 & 1.80 & 1.55 \\
**C18:1** & (9 \(\cdot\))-p-octadecenoic acid & Eladic acid & / & (2.29-3.19) & / & (1.87-2.55) \\
**C18:1** & (11 \(\cdot\))-1-octadecenoic acid & Vaccenic acid & 1.36 & / & 0.83 & 0.02 \\  & (7 \(\cdot\)2)-7-(2.05-yl)-1- & & & (0.76-0.89) & (0–0.22) \\
**C18:1 (A\({}^{\text{\textdagger}}\))** & cyclopropenyl)))))))))))))))))))))))}}}}\())) \\) \\Characteristic of _Tilia_ seed oil is the presence of cyclopropene fatty acids, e.g., sterculic, dihydrosteruculic and malvalic acids (Figure 3), which were first identified in _T. platphylphos_ seed oil in 1966 [19]. Most abundant in our samples were malvalic acid (3.1% in _T. cordata_ and 1.7% in _T. platphylphos_) and sterculic acid (4.7% in _Tilia cordata_ and 0.9% in _T. platphylphos_) (Table 2). The difference in malvalic acid content was statistically significantly higher in _T. cordata_ oil. The average total content of cyclopropene fatty acids was 8.4% in _T. cordata_ and significantly lower (4.0%) in _T. platphylphos_ seed oil (Table 2), which is in line with the results of the study conducted by [PERSON] et al. [8]. _Tilia_ seed oil was found to contain an average of 82.9% (_T. cordata_) and 87.3% (_T. platphylphos_) unsaturated fatty acids, and 10.7% and 11.7% saturated fatty acids, respectively (Table 2). Short chain fatty acids were not found in _Tilia_ seed oil [8, 9], which corresponds to our data. According to [PERSON] et al. [8], the calculated fatty acid ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 in _T. platphylphos_ and _T. cordata_ oils are 72 and 58, respectively, which are much lower than the ratio in sunflower (131) and pumpkin (257) oils [17]. We were not able to calculate this ratio, as no omega-3 fatty acid was detected in our samples. The biological effects of the predominant linoleic and oleic acids have been researched extensively in fields such as cosmetology and dermatology [10, 20], while scarce data are available about cyclopropene fatty acids. New research has opened important areas of potential medicinal use. In a recent study [21], sterculic acid was reviewed for therapeutic activities in pathologies such as metabolic syndrome, parasitic diseases and age-related macular degeneration, expressed through the anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desatures 1. The protective effect against metabolic syndrome on a fructose