# Monitoring of Training Load and Body Composition in Elite Male Kayakers
## 3 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**M1**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**M2**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**M3**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Training Effect**} \\ \cline{5-7}  & & & & & **M1 Versus M2** & **M1 Versus M3** & **M2 Versus M3** \\ \hline \multicolumn{7}{c}{**Body Composition**} \\ \hline
**Body weight** & **80.1** & 77.8 & 77.2 & \(-\)2.3 (\(-\)3.3; \(-\)1.2) & \(-\)2.9 (\(-\)4.0; \(-\)1.7) & \(-\)0.6 (\(-\)1.7; 0.49) \\
**(kg)** & **(73.2; 87.0)** & (70.9; 84.7) & (70.3; 84.1) & \(p\) **= 0.002**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.27 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.35 & \(p\) = 0.881; d \(=\)\(-\)0.07 \\
**Body density** & 1.09 & 1.10 & 1.10 & 0.01 (\(-\)0.01; 0.03) & 0.01 (\(-\)0.01; 0.03) & 0.0 (\(-\)0.02; 0.02) \\
**(1.07; 1.10)** & (1.08; 1.12) & (1.08; 1.11) & \(p\) = 0.731; d \(=\) 0.47 & \(p\) = 0.765; d \(=\) 0.56 & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(=\) 0.00 \\
**Fat Mass** (\%) & 15.5 & 13.6 & 12.4 & \(-\)1.8 (\(-\)2.8; \(-\)0.9) & -3.1 (\(-\)4.1; \(-\)2.1) & \(-\)1.2 (\(-\)2.2; \(-\)0.3) \\
**(12.7; 18.2)** & (10.9; 16.4) & (9.6; 15.1) & \(p\) **= 0.005**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.58 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.94 & \(p\) = 0.065; d \(=\)\(-\)0.36 \\
**Fat Mass** (kg) & 12.5 & 10.7 & 9.6 & \(-\)1.8 (\(-\)2.8; \(-\)0.9) & -2.9 (\(-\)3.9; \(-\)2.0) & \(-\)1.1 (\(-\)2.0; \(-\)0.1) \\
**(9.9; 15.1)** & (8.1; 13.3) & (7.0; 12.2) & \(p\) **= 0.006**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.58 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) \(-\)0.94 & \(p\) = 0.124; d \(=\) 0.80 \\
**Fat Free Mass** & 67.6 & 67.2 & 67.6 & \(-\)0.4 (\(-\)1.1; 0.3) & 0.04 (\(-\)0.7; 0.8) & 0.46 (\(-\)0.3; 1.2) \\
**(kg)** & (62.0; 73.2) & (61.6; 72.8) & (62.1; 73.2) & \(p\) = 0.718; d \(\rightarrow\) \(-\)0.06 & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(\rightarrow\) 0.00 & \(p\) = 0.696; d \(\rightarrow\) 0.06 \\
**Fat Free Mass** & 84.5 & 86.4 & 87.6 & 1.0 (9; 2.8) & 3.1 (2.1; 4.1) & 1.2 (0.3; 2.2) \\
**(\%)** & (81.8; 87.3) & (83.6; 89.1) & (84.9; 90.4) & \(p\) **= 0.005**; d \(=\) 0.58 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) 0.94 & \(p\) = 0.065; d \(=\) 0.36 \\ \hline \multicolumn{7}{c}{**Laboratory Test (4 min All-Out)**} \\ \hline \(\dot{\mathrm{VO}}_{\mathrm{2 peak}}\) & 3.9 & 4.5 & 5.0 & 0.7 (0.5; 0.9) & 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) & 0.5 (0.3; 0.7) \\ (\(\mathrm{L\cdot min^{-1}}\)) & (3.4; 4.3) & (4.1; 5.0) & (4.5; 5.4) & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) 1.11 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) 2.04 & \(p\) **= 0.001**; d \(=\) 0.93 \\ \(\dot{\mathrm{VO}}_{\mathrm{2 peak}}\) & 49.9 & 58.5 & 64.9 & 8.6 (6.0; 11.3) & 15.0 (12.4; 17.8) & 6.4 (3.7; 9.1) \\ (\(\mathrm{ml\cdot kg^{-1}\cdot min^{-1}}\)) & (45.5; 54.2) & (54.1; 62.9) & (60.5; 69.2) & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) 1.64 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\) 2.88 & \(p\) **= 0.001**; d \(=\) 1.22 \\
**Distance** & 939.7 & 959.7 & 976.4 & 20.0 (3.4; 36.6) & 36.7 (19.9; 53.5) & 16.7 (0.0; 33.4) \\
**at\(\dot{\mathrm{VO}}_{\mathrm{2 peak}}\)** (m) & (908.3; 971.2) & 991.2) & 1007.9) & \(p\) = 0.099; d \(=\) 0.53 & \(p\) **= 0.002**; d \(=\) 0.98 & \(p\) = 0.209; d \(=\) 0.44 \\
**[La\({}^{*}\)]\({}_{\mathrm{peak}}\)** & 12.7 & 12.1 & 11.4 & 0.6 (\(-\)0.41; 1.53) & 1.3 (0.29; 2.25) & 0.7 (\(-\)0.27; 1.68) \\ (\(\mathrm{mmol\cdot L^{-1}}\)) & (10.8; 14.5) & (10.2; 14.0) & (9.5 13.3) & \(p\) = 0.830; d \(=\) 4.65 & \(p\) = 0.070; d \(=\) 4.33 & \(p\) = 0.530; d \(=\) \(-\)0.31 \\
**HR at \(\dot{\mathrm{VO}}_{\mathrm{2 peak}}\)** & 182.8 & 181.8 & 180.3 & \(-\)0.9 (\(-\)4.5; 2.6) & \(-\)2.5 (\(-\)6.1; 1.2) & \(-\)1.5 (\(-\)5.1; 2.1) \\ (bpm) & (191.1) & 190.2) & 188.7) & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(=\) \(-\)0.10 & \(p\) = 0.610; d \(=\)\(-\)0.25 & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(=\)\(-\)0.15 \\ \hline \multicolumn{7}{c}{**ON-FIELD TEST (4 \(\times\) 1500 m INCREMENTAL)**} \\ \hline
**HR at V4** (bpm) & 158.3 & 164.3 & 162.7 & 6.0 (\(-\)1.7; 13.8) & 4.4 (\(-\)3.4; 12.2) & \(-\)1.6 (\(-\)9.4; 6.1) \\  & (149.4; 167.2) & 173.2) & 171.6) & \(p\) = 0.445; d \(=\) 0.57 & \(p\) = 0.850; d \(=\) 0.41 & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(=\)\(-\)0.15 \\
**Pace at V4** & 297.8 & 272.6 & 272.3 & \(-\)25.2 (\(-\)31.2; & \(-\)25.6 (\(-\)31.6; 5.7) & \(-\)0.4 (\(-\)6.4; 5.7) \\ (\(\mathrm{s\cdot km^{-1}}\)) & (285.5; 310.1) & 284.9) & 284.6) & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\)\(-\)1.71 & \(p\) **< 0.001**; d \(=\)\(-\)1.73 & \(p\) = 1.000; d \(=\)\(-\)0.02 \\ \hline \multicolumn{7}{c}{**Data are presented as EMm and 9