## 5 Conclusions  
The main findings of this study, for a new research scheme for full-scale/model test wind effects comparisons based on a multiple-fan actively controlled wind tunnel technique, are summarized as follows:  
1. In the wind engineering community, most full-scale/model test wind effects comparison studies only provide subjective explanations for observed differences without scientific validation. To address this issue, we have proposed a new research scheme that employs sinusoidal flow field simulations on a CFD platform or in a multiple-fan actively controlled wind tunnel for the full-scale/model test wind effects comparison for Pengcheng cooling tower. This technique allows us to separate mingled adverse effects and identify the most significant similarity problems with the traditional ABL wind tunnel technique for large cooling towers using quantitative data. 2. Multiple-fan actively controlled wind tunnels are well-known for their ability to simulate intricate non-stationary flow fields, and the literature indicates that the commercial CFD platforms can do the same. However, the preliminary works in the TJ-6 wind tunnel and on the Fluent platform indicated that simulating the original non-stationary ABL flow field was difficult. Instead, we found that flow fields with velocity inputs varied according to basic sinusoidal functions could be accurately simulated both in the TJ-6 wind tunnel and on the Fluent platform. Based on this observation, we adopted a new method to obtain wind effects on Pengcheng cooling tower in flow field B, which involved decomposing the original non-stationary velocity sample into multiple basic sinusoidal waves and numerically or physically simulating the sinusoidal wave flow fields. It should be admitted that the accuracy and the operability of the proposed approach for full-scale/model test comparisons of wind effects on Pengcheng cooling tower are not thoroughly demonstrated due to the limited numerical and physical research conditions. In the future, when the research conditions have been improved, we will undertake more systematic and meaningful works to further prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed research scheme. 3. Based on our numerical case study of the Pengcheng cooling tower, our research indicates that Re effects are extremely significant, and non-stationarity effects cannot be ignored. However, we found via the present study that turbulent flow characteristics effects are negligible and do not significantly impact wind loads on the structure. This is a tentative conclusion since the present research is based on a single case of Pengcheng cooling tower merely using the CFD approach. Our future research will validate the correctness of this conclusion using more engineering backgrounds with various technical means. Basically, two scientific issues have been addressed in the present manuscript: (1) how do the three adverse effects (Re effects, turbulent flow characteristics effects, and non-stationarity effects) contribute to the total difference between the full-scale measurement and the wind tunnel test? ; (2) is the approach to reproduce the non-stationary flow field by superimposing the individual basic sinusoidal flow fields reliable? To answer the first question is the main object of the present research, and, to make it possible, the second scientific issue should be addressed in the situation that the research scheme proposed cannot be undertaken as planned on a commercial CFD platform or in a TJ-6 wind tunnel due to the incapability of both numerical and physical approaches in simulating the non-stationary flow field. Finally, it should be noted that the uncertainty is an important issue perplexing the field measurements, the CFD simulations, and the wind tunnel tests in the field of wind engineering.