## 1 Introduction  
The sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is crucial to the success of a number of fields and industries, including the food and fragrance industries [1; 2], environmental monitoring [3; 4; 5; 6; 7], and plant ecology [8; 9]. The value of VOCs is also more recently emerging in numerous other fields such as forensic science [10; 11], biomedical disease detection [12; 13], and archaeology [14; 15; 16; 17], where methodologies are adopted from other industries to provide significant steps forward in understanding and aiding human science. Headspace sampling is often used in these fields because analytes can easily be separated from their matrices in an effective manner with minimal contact and/or contamination. After collection, VOCs are analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which is well suited for volatile analysis because separations are conducted in the gas phase. Minimal sample preparation is required for VOC analyses, as volatiles can be trapped and introduced into the instrument without the introduction of solvents or lengthy purification steps. To date, numerous sampling techniques exist to sample VOCs. Direct analysis techniques can be used, such as collecting the sample into an air canister, polymer bag, or container; subsequently, injection can be achieved by injection using a gastight syringe, air server, or dynamic headspace attachment. In these methods, an aliquot of gas or air containing VOCs is collected and/or introduced directly into the GC-MS. This allows for very volatile compounds to be targeted, but does not provide significant benefits for sample enrichment and focusing [18]. This can sometimes lead to poor chromatographic characteristics, such as peak overloading or reduced repeatability. Sorbent-based sampling techniques are often preferential due to their ability to pre-concentrate or enrich the sample prior to injection [18], as well as providing reduced volume and improved stability for sample transport and/or storage [19]. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was first developed by [PERSON] et al. in 1990 [20; 21; 22] and has gained high popularity for VOC sampling in nearly all applicable fields. While the sorbent capacity of solid-phase microextraction is less than that of techniques such as sorbent tube collection, the micro-solid phase nature of the technique has many practical and analytical advantages, including (1) sensitivity on small samples; (2) reduced sampling time; and (3) minimal equipment required [19]. Criticisms of SPME for VOC analysis include the poor mechanical robustness of the apparatus for long-term sampling (i.e., prone to breakage, difficult to perform in-field sampling, septum coring, etc.) [23], as well as the relative minimal capacity offered by the fibers in comparison to higher capacity sorbent techniques such as stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) or sorbent tubes [24; 25; 26]. A recent commercial development, known as SPME Arrow, offers the same static enrichment of sample headspace as the original SPME design; however, the arrow exhibits an increase in the amount of sorbent coating (i.e., phase volume) and altered tip design for improved mechanical robustness and reliability [27]. The altered sorptive phase dimensions provide a higher VOC loading capacity for trace samples, allowing for either increased sensitivity or reduced sampling time in comparison to the original SPME design [28]. The tip of the fiber is pointed, which decreases damage to vial and inlet septa, further reducing coring and thereby maintenance costs [28]. This is considered to be of particular value in scenarios where (1) the concentration of analytes of interest is too low upon the headspace equilibration with the sorptive phase of traditional SPME fibers, (2) throughput is a major consideration for sampling equilibration time, and/or (3) reduced down time and costs of inlet maintenance are desired.