## 2 Materials and Methods
### Reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda  
The larvae of _S. frugiperda_ were collected in corn fields in the Amazcala community belonging to the municipality of El Marques (coordinates: latitude, 16\({}^{\circ}\)47\({}^{\prime}\)44\({}^{\prime\prime}\) N; longitude, 99\({}^{\circ}\)49\({}^{\prime}\)14\({}^{\prime\prime}\) W) in the state of Queretaro. Larvae were individually confined in #0 PRIMO brand plastic containers (Ecatepec, Mexico) and were fed with the diet previously described by [PERSON] et al. [22] (Table 1). Once the pupal phase was reached, they were transferred in groups of 30 individuals to 1 L plastic containers. The moths that emerged from these pupae were placed inside white paper bags with dimensions of 8 cm \(\times\) 5 cm \(\times\) 15 cm, from which the putties of eggs deposited on the walls of the bag were collected. The ovippositions were moved to 0.5 L plastic containers, along with artificial diet, such that they would later hatch and grow until reaching the second larval instar. Rearing conditions were controlled using a bioclimatic chamber maintaining a temperature of 27 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 70 \(\pm\) 5% relative humidity, and a 14:10 (light/dark) photoperiod.  
Evaluation of the Biological Activity of the Methanolic and Hydrolyzed Methanic Extracts of Ricinus communities on Spodoptera frugiperda  
To determine the concentrations used in the test, a preliminary test was carried out, in which five logarithmic concentrations and a control were tested to determine the maximum and minimum concentrations where a biological response existed (0, 0.5, 5.0, 50, 500, and 5000 ppm). From the above, to carry out the biological activity test, five different concentrations and a control were chosen. These were chosen after completing the logarithmic bioassay. The selection criteria were the minimum and maximum biological response and then three concentrations were selected between them, and they were: 5000, 4000, 2000, 1000, 500, and 0 ppm, according to our previous studies [35; 36], adding each concentration during the preparation of the artificial diet for _S. frugiperda_. To carry out the test, 20 #0 polyethylene PRIMO brand cups (Ecatepec, Mexico) were used, in which a piece of the food with an approximate volume of 1 cm\({}^{3}\) containing the corresponding concentration of each extract of _R. communis_ was placed. The vessels were contained within a bioclimatic chamber with a temperature of 27 \(\pm\) 2 \({}^{\circ}\)C, relative humidity of 70 \(\pm\) 5%, and a light/dark photoperiod of 14 and 10 h. A completely randomized experimental design was used, comprising 4 replicates with 5 experimental units (EUs) each, placing each second instar larvae in a #0 polyethylene PRIMO brand cup (Ecatepec, Mexico) with a 1 cm\({}^{3}\) diet cube, all under the same conditions as those of the breeding stock. This bioassay was reviewed  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Substance** & **Amount** \\ \hline Ground corn & 120 g \\ \hline Ground bean & 60 g \\ \hline Yeast & 20 g \\ \hline Neomycin & 0.6 g \\ \hline Multivitamin & 2.5 g \\ \hline Ascorbic acid & 1.7 g \\ \hline Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate & 1.7 g \\ \hline Bacteriological agar & 10 g \\ \hline Formaldehyde 10\% & 2.5 mL \\ \hline Water & 800 mL \\ \hline Ethanol 96\% & 17 mL \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Composition of 1 kg of artificial diet for _S. frugiperda_[20].  
every 24 h until the larvae reached the sixth instar. At this point the dependent variables (larval mortality, pupal mortality, cumulative mortality, and mean lethal concentration LC\({}_{50}\)) were evaluated.