# Multi-Segmental Motion in Foot during Counter-Movement Jump with Toe Manipulation
## 3 Results
### Take-Off Phase
#### 3.1.1 Plantar Pressure Distribution
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Maximum Force**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Peak Pressure**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Contact Area**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Impulse**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Pressure-Time Integral**} \\ \cline{2-10}
**Regions** & **NTM vs. TM** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** & **NTM vs.** & **Mean** \\  & **(Unit N)** & **Difference** & **TM Unit** & **Difference** & **TM Unit** & **Difference** & **TM Unit** & **Difference** & **TM Unit** & **Difference** \\ \hline BT & 160.1 (75.4), & 8.6 (-17.8 to & 9.7 (4.5), 9.0 & 0.7 (-0.7 to & 15.9 (1.8), & \(-0.5\) (-1.7 to & 32.6 (21.6), & 8.1 (-0.3 to & 0.6 (0.12) \\  & 151.6 (76.3) & 34.9) & (4.2) & 2.2) & 16.4 (3.2) & 0.7) & 22.6 (11.5) & 16.5) & 0.59 * \\ \hline OT & 111.9 (50.4), & 18.1 (-5.1 to & 4.7 (1.6), 4.2 & 0.5 (-0.2 to & 22.7 (5.0), & 0.9 (-2.4 to & 15.1 (9.8), & 3.5 (-0.3 to & 0.6 (0.4), 0.5 & 0.1 (-0.1 to \\  & 93.8 (99.3) & 41.4) & (1.3) & 1.2) & 21.7 (4.9) & 4.3) & 11.6 (6.2) & 7.4) & (0.3) & (0.3) \\ \hline M1 & 241.3 (12.0), & 17.2 (-14.2 to & 11.7 (4.8), & 0.5 (-1.3 to & 19.4 (3.5), & 0.7 (-0.7 to & 69.5 (33.9), & 16.6 (4.8 to & 3.4 (1.2), 2.7) & 0.7 (0.10 to \\  & 224.1 (108.0) & 48.5) & 11.2 (3.4) & 2.3) & 18.8 (4.0) & 2.0) & 52.9 (24.9) & 28.5) & 0.66 * & (0.9) & 1.3) **0.55 * \\ \hline M2 & 153.1 (37.4), & \(-8.1\) (-16.6 to & 14.4 (2.9), & 0.3 (-0.7 to & 10.3 (1.4), & \(-0.9\) (-1.5 to & 69.9 (31.5), & 6.7 (-3.1 to & 6.5 (2.6), 5.5 & 1.0 (0.2 to \\  & 161.2 (33.1) & 0.3) & 14.1 (2.3) & 1.2) & 11.1 (1.9) & \(-0.2)) & 0.64 * & 63.1 (30.0) & 16.6) & (2.6) & 1.9)) **0.57 * \\ \hline M3 & 121.9 (25.1), & \(-4.5\) (-19.1 to & 14.2 (3.6), & 0.6 (-0.7 to & 8.4 (1.1), 8.9 & \(-0.5\) (-1.1 to & 70.3 (25.3), & 4 (-10.2 to & 8.1 (2.6), 6.8 & 1.3 (0.1 to \\  & 126.4 (42.7) & 10) & 13.6 (4.1) & 2.0) & (0.8) & 0.1) & 62.9 (22.2) & 18.2) & (2.5) & 2.4) **0.50 * \\ \hline M4 & 75.5 (26.3), & 2.7 (-8.9 to & 9.3 (2.5), 8.5 & 0.8 (-0.3 to & 7.8 (1.3), 8.3 & \(-0.5\) (-1.0 to & 42.3 (3.3), & 5.8 (-1.0 to & 5.4 (1.6), 4.4 & 1.0 (0.1 to \\  & 72.8 (18.9) & 14.3) & 1.7) & 2.0) & (1.1) & 0.0) & 36.5 (11.1) & 12.6) & (1.7) & 1.9) **0.54 *** \\ \hline M5 & 54.3 (18.3), & 8.6 (-3.1 to & 4.3 (1.4), 3.7 & 0.6 (-0.2 to & 12.2 (1.3), & 0.2 (-0.7 to & 27.9 (15.6), & 6.2 (-1.6 to & 2.2 (1.2), 1.8 & 0.4 (-0.2 to \\  & 45.8 (16.8) & 20.2) & (1.2) & 1.5) & 12.0 (1.4) & 1.1) & 21.7 (13.5) & 14.1) & (1.2) & 1.0) \\ \hline MF & 108.5 (41.9), & 27.9 (0.1 to & 2.8 (0.9), 2.3 & 0.5 (0.0 to & 37.0 (5.9), & 4.4 (1.8 to & 68.0 (35.7), & 23.7 (8.3 to & 1.7 (0.8), 1.3 & 0.5 (0.1 to \\  & 80.6 (34.5) & 46.8 (0.8) & 0.8 (0.8) & 1.0) & 32.6 (8.4) & 7.0) **0.9* & 44.2 (2.6) & 39.2) **0.72 *** & (0.6) & 0.9)**0.55 * \\ \hline MH & 229.8 (69.1), & \(-3.7\) (-69.8 to & 11.2 (2.5), & \(-1.3\) (-2.7 to & 19.6 (2.3), & \(-0.5\) (-1.1 to & 185.4 (80.1), & 21.9 (-8.9 to & 9.1 (3.6), 7.3) & 1.3 (-0.2 to \\  & 267.1 (92.0) & -4.8 (0.54 * & 12.6 (3.0) & 0.0) & 20.1 (2.7) & 0.1) & 163.5 (52.9) & 52.8) & (1.8) & 2.8) \\ \hline LH & 231.3 (73.5), & 17.9 (-17.4 to & 12.8 (3.7), & 1.4 (-0.4 to & 17.4 (2.0), & \(-0.6\) (-1.1 to & 171.3 (80.4), & 24.7 (-13.4 & 9.6 (4.6), 7.9 & 1.8 (-0.3 to \\  & 213.5 (44.3) & 53.1) & 11.4 (2.1) & 3.2) & 18.1 (1.2) & 0) & 146.5 (44.2) & to 62.9) & (2.3) & 3.9) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The plantar pressure during take-off in Non-Toe-Manipulation (**NTM**) and Toe-Manipulation (**TM**) sessions, including mean (SD), mean difference, 95% confidence intervals and effect sizes (ES) (Cohen’s d). * indicates significance with \(p<0.05\).