# AODV-EOCW: An Energy-Optimized Combined Weighting AODV Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
## 2 Related Work
[PERSON] [19] proposed a hop-by-hop routing congestion-aware self-organized routing protocol, which comprehensively considers routing metrics from multiple perspectives, such as the route queuing delay, data transmission rate, link communication quality, and MAC overhead. This method partly prevents network congestion. However, there are many factors to be considered in the method, so the logic to be implemented is relatively complex, and the cost of the whole network is high. [PERSON] [20] estimated the congestion degree of nodes based on the average queue length of the route receiving area. At the same time, the node sends an alert to the neighboring nodes according to the congestion degree for a period to select the nodes with low congestion as the next hop. In the same year, [PERSON] [21] adopted a similar method to comprehensively calculate the load on the link by introducing the residual energy of the node and the length of the route receiving queue. [PERSON] proposed the storage of the comprehensive weight value of energy and the congestion of different links in the routing table and selected links according to the comprehensive value. [PERSON] [22] further deepened the selection method of multiroute metrics and abandoned the shortest hop number to select the optimal path. [PERSON] selected links by using multiple routing metrics and comprehensively evaluating links based on the status of network nodes. [PERSON] [23] introduced the concept of the node set. On the basis of calculating the estimated node energy and lifetime, [PERSON] established a node set with stable communication and selected a stable next-hop node for data transmission. This method improves the routing throughput and reduces the routing overhead. [PERSON] [24] introduced two factors, the link congestion and node energy, to solve the problems of rapid energy consumption and node congestion during data transmission. [PERSON] used the ant colony algorithm to select nodes with more energy and less load for the optimal chain. In addition, [PERSON] screened out nodes that did not meet the conditions by judging whether the nodes met the set energy level and energy consumption conditions during routing maintenance, thus extending the lifetime of the entire network. [PERSON] [25] took the number of neighbors as the condition of link determination in the scenario of rapid changes in network topology caused by rapid node movement. Introducing multiple metrics for route selection is a good method to improve the route selection, but the difficulty associated with the multiple metric method is the assignment of a weight to each metric. [PERSON] [26] regarded the direction of movement as one of the multiroute metrics but simply assigned weights based on the directionality and reversibility of the direction. Those two metrics cannot reflect changes in topology well. [PERSON] [27]proposed a scoring table mechanism but still failed to break away from the constraint of constant factor weights. In recent years, AHP as a multicriteria decision-making solution has been given more focus by WSN and MANET researchers. [PERSON] (2018) introduced a fuzzy AHP-based method under multicriteria decision-making to make an intelligent routing decision based on objectives, and the method is aimed for selecting relay nodes in underwater sensor networks. [PERSON] (2018) proposed an AHP-TOPSIS-based method to select the next sensor node to charge in a wireless rechargeable sensor network. In that problem, the sensor nodes are supplied power by single or multiple mobile chargers, which are capable of transmitting power to nearby sensor nodes wirelessly. [PERSON] (2018) introduced a cluster head selection algorithm for wireless sensor networks using AHP. In terms of identifying malicious nodes in MANETs, [PERSON] (2018) utilized an RPL and AODV-based protocol, and [PERSON] (2018) developed a security-aware congestion control for a sensor network to get rid of selfish nodes' intentional attempts to cause congestion.