## 4 Results of The Analysis
### Spatial Configuration Analysis Results
#### 4.2.2 Neighborhood-Level Analysis Results  
[PERSON] (2017) argued that in space syntax analysis at the neighborhood level, topological models could yield inaccurate analytical results, as they ignore a range of urban morphological attributes ([PERSON], 2017). Therefore, at the neighborhood level, to analyze the district including Yukgeori Market and its vicinity, this study extended the basic space syntax model by using a method that considers and analyzes the turning angles and street lengths of paths in the street network. In this way, the extended model can handle topology and metric elements. Using this method ([PERSON], 2017; [PERSON], 2017), the characteristics of the spatial configuration were derived from the geometric and topological elements. The district selected for the analysis, which includes Yukgeori Market and its vicinity, has mainly pedestrian-centered areas, and the car-based main road outside the boundary, where public and private vehicles operate, forms a major spatial barrier. In particular, it can be inferred that the spatial barrier formed by the main road located on the east and the Musimcheon stream in the west created the spatial \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Spatial Configuration** & **Land-Use Pattern** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{The intersection of the roads leading to all areas of the city} & Use as a traffic junction \\  & The concentration of commercial functions \\ \multirow{2}{*}{Adjacent to a bridge connecting eastern and western areas} & Connection of two separated areas \\ \multirow{2}{*}{of the city, which are separated by a long stream} & The concentration of commercial functions \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Spatial configurations and land-use patterns of the market at the city level. Figure 3: The result of the spatial analysis of the whole city. Based on Figure 4a showing the locations of retail stores and other buildings, we identified that the district consists of three zones (comprising the modern, traditional and buffer areas). The modern area, located in the northern area of the district, mainly consists of chain stores that correspond to big box stores such as superstores, department stores, and multiplexes (Figure 4a-1), and specialty stores intensively arranged along the north-south axis of the street (Figure 4a-2). There are two traditional areas (Yukgeori Market and Seomun Market) in the district. Yukgeori Market, located in the southern area of the district, contains many small independent retail stores arranged along a canopy-covered walkway (Figure 4a-6). Seomun Market is famous for its street lined with many traditional restaurants that serve grilled pork chops, but this marketplace was excluded from the analysis given that this study focused mainly on the spatial analysis of retail stores. Between the modern and traditional areas, there is a special area where independent specialty stores are mainly arranged along the east-west axes and houses and accommodations, such as hotels and motels, are intensively distributed; in this study, we called this a \"buffer area\" (Figure 4a-3-a-5). To analyze the research area at the neighborhood level, we calculated the attributes of spaces at nodes of the street network in the urban district surrounding the Yukgeori Market. The configuration of a street network as an urban grid can influence the proportion of pedestrians at the neighborhood scale [40]. Using Equation (3), mentioned in Section 3.3, the spatial depths of the nodes comprising the district's street network were calculated by considering metric distances and turning angles required to go from a point to any point via the shortest path. Figure 4: The result of the spatial analysis of the street network in the district containing Yukgeori Market and its vicinity.