# New Detection Paradigms to Improve Wireless Sensor Network Performance under Jamming Attacks
## 5 Conclusions  
In recent years, a widespread requirement of WSNs is the assessment of security, especially because attackers can corrupt the network, accessing or modifying information and affecting the behavior of nodes. Due to the low-cost and low-power requirements of these types of systems, nodes usually have limitations in both hardware/software and computing capacities. This is why the design of security in WSNs must take into account the memory, computational capacity and availability of hardware/software resources. In addition to this, energy consumption is limited. Usually, power consumption is one of the most significant constraints that designers have when developing WSNs.  
In our work, we propose a detection mechanism that marks the affected area and does not allow the attack to propagate. Our mechanism is based on cooperation, namely by receiving feedback from neighbor nodes. The mechanism was tested for reactive jamming, which is considered a worst-case scenario in jamming attacks. In addition, the methodology was evaluated under two extreme situations, namely by considering high traffic and high packet loss due to link interference. Thus, we described and compared two different jamming detection techniques named Connected and Extended mechanisms. Both take advantage of the intrinsic characteristics of the WSN which mainly reside on the routing protocols that are designed to be fast and efficient. However, the Extended Mechanism exhibits a better performance (nearly 20%) than the Connected Mechanism, the main reason behind it is that the Extended one requires a collector node to be robust and have good connectivity to the network, in other words, it has to be a root node. Therefore, the Connected Mechanism is a better choice due to the easiness to use and implement it, even though it has fewer parameters for self-assessment.  
Results show that the proposed mechanism is more efficient in a hierarchical protocol such as MPH. Moreover, the Extended approach presents better accuracy compared to the Connected Mechanism approach due to its global character and the fact that the collector node has the perspective of all nodes with similar performance features. Finally, the scalability of the proposed mechanism was  
Figure 11: Network configuration for comparison of algorithms under experimentation.  
tested in a 225-node grid, showing that the affected area (i.e., the accuracy) can be reduced to 10% of the total area with an MPH proactive protocol and 25% with AODV and DSR protocols.  
[PERSON]-[PERSON]-[PERSON] developed the detection models, prepared and executed the simulations, interpreted and analyzed the results and drafted the manuscript. [PERSON]-[PERSON] and [PERSON] supervised the research methodology, contributed to the development of the detection models and participated in the simulations of the wireless network. [PERSON] greatly contributed to the creation, development, analysis and implementation of the mechanisms. [PERSON] and [PERSON] were involved in the analysis of the results and in the revision of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
The author [PERSON] has been supported by Asociacion Mexicana de Cultura A.C. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.