## 4 Results
### Analysis Results of LDA Topic Modeling
#### 4.4.2 Topic Classification Results  
The topic modeling analysis identified six distinct themes within the research on GAI and its applications to security. Each theme was analyzed based on its primary keywords and contextual relevance, providing a comprehensive understanding of the research areas within the domain. These results are presented in Table 4.  
Figure 7: Coherence scores by number of topics. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Topic 1 (422 Papers)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Topic 2 (170 Papers)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Topic 3 (161 Papers)**} \\ \hline
**Rank** & **Keyword** & **Prob** & **Rank** & **Keyword** & **Prob** & **Rank** & **Keyword** & **Prob** \\ \hline
1 & ChatGPT & 0.062 & 1 & model & 0.073 & 1 & ChatGPT & 0.044 \\ \hline
2 & AI & 0.042 & 2 & LLM & 0.054 & 2 & code & 0.034 \\ \hline
3 & education & 0.02 & 3 & language & 0.046 & 3 & model & 0.021 \\ \hline
4 & student & 0.02 & 4 & datum & 0.022 & 4 & result & 0.018 \\ \hline
5 & technology & 0.017 & 5 & ChatGPT & 0.019 & 5 & question & 0.017 \\ \hline
6 & tool & 0.017 & 6 & text & 0.016 & 6 & tool & 0.016 \\ \hline
7 & use & 0.014 & 7 & task & 0.014 & 7 & language & 0.015 \\ \hline
8 & intelligence & 0.013 & 8 & dataset & 0.012 & 8 & software & 0.015 \\ \hline
9 & challenge & 0.012 & 9 & method & 0.012 & 9 & task & 0.013 \\ \hline
10 & concern & 0.011 & 10 & performance & 0.011 & 10 & Detection & 0.013 \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{AI and Security in Education (40\%)} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Security in Language Models and Data Processing (16\%)} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Secure Software Development with AI (16\%)} \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Topic 4 (146 Papers)} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Topic 5 (98 Papers)} & Topic 6 (49 Papers) \\ \hline Rank & Keyword & Prob & Rank & Keyword & Prob & Rank & Keyword & Prob \\ \hline
1 & security & 0.025 & 1 & ChatGPT & 0.051 & 1 & healthcare & 0.03 \\ \hline
2 & system & 0.02 & 2 & user & 0.028 & 2 & patient & 0.02 \\ \hline
3 & datum & 0.018 & 3 & factor & 0.022 & 3 & health & 0.019 \\ \hline
4 & AI & 0.016 & 4 & analysis & 0.012 & 4 & care & 0.016 \\ \hline
5 & technology & 0.016 & 5 & attitude & 0.012 & 5 & treatment & 0.012 \\ \hline
6 & service & 0.015 The initial theme, \"AI and Security in Education\", which comprises 40% of the total, is defined by keywords such as \"ChatGPT\", \"education\", \"student\", and \"technology\". This theme addresses security concerns arising from the use of AI in educational settings. Research within this theme focuses on safeguarding student data, enhancing the security of online learning platforms, and mitigating potential security threats in AI-integrated learning environments. A representative study by [PERSON] et al. (2023) examined the influence of generative AI on higher education, with a particular emphasis on ethical considerations and maintaining academic integrity. The study highlighted that while tools like ChatGPT offer new possibilities for teaching and learning, they also present challenges related to information reliability, privacy, and security. Proposed security measures included encrypting student data, implementing rigorous access controls, and providing security awareness training to maintain academic integrity in AI-driven learning environments [45]. The second theme, \"Security in Language Models and Data Processing\", focuses on security issues related to language models (LLMs) and data processing techniques. Keywords such as \"model\", \"LLM\", \"language\", and \"data\" point to research on dataset integrity, vulnerabilities within language models, and privacy concerns. A representative study by [PERSON] et al. (2023) examined the architecture, training data, and associated security risks, including potential cyberattacks. The study proposed countermeasures such as data anonymization, model hardening, and rigorous data validation to mitigate these risks, while also emphasizing the importance of responsible AI use and the need for legal safeguards to prevent misuse [46].