## 5 Conclusions
### Practical and Theoretical Contributions  
This study offers a valuable practical contribution by presenting a series of transport solutions that, while aligned with the principles of sustainable development, primarily aim to enhance transport resilience to potential global crises. The results presented in the paper contribute to the sustainable development of transport by identifying the latest technological solutions that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote energy efficiency, and improve safety and increase the overall stability of the transport sector. Innovations such as alternative drives, autonomous vehicles, and intelligent traffic management systems can significantly reduce the carbon footprint and ensure the continuity of transport services even during crises, such as financial breakdowns, epidemics, or armed conflicts, while reducing dependence on fossil fuels and increasing the reliability of logistics. Emission monitoring systems allow improved air quality, which is important in health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Autonomous technologies, such as unmanned vehicles and drones, can support logistics during crises, delivering medicines or other resources to dangerous or isolated regions. It is also worth pointing out the benefits of this study for future vehicles. The results showed that means of transport, such as AVs, alternatively powered vehicles, or modular vehicles, consistently developed toward compatibility with intelligent transport systems, can optimize traffic, reduce energy consumption and harmful emissions, and become more integrated with the infrastructure. Moreover, vehicles could benefit from the expansion of charging infrastructure, including stations using renewable energy. As a result, this would reduce the dependence on traditional fuels and the negative impact of transport on the environment. The article provides a practical foundation for decision-makers and transport organizers, offering recommendations on which solutions can be implemented to make the transport sector more resilient and environmentally friendly. Possible future actions can include testing and popularizing intelligent fleet management, expanding green infrastructure, and continuing work on integrating V2X-related technologies. A further step could be the implementation of autonomous solutions and the popularization of modular vehicles, which is justified due to their ease of adaptation to changing crisis conditions and increased resilience of transport systems.  
The theoretical contribution of this study includes definitions, examples, and classifications of modern transport solutions, as well as the characterization of global crises. The concept of sustainable transport development was also discussed in detail, including the principles that should be met. The literature review allowed for the identification and categorization of specific transport solutions into categories, such as powertrain technologies, intelligent transport systems (ITS), logistics and delivery innovations, integration of transport systems, infrastructure development, modern vehicle solutions, and advances in public transport. This publication also provided a characterization of recent global crises and a classification that included economic, health, environmental, social, and military crises. As a result, this approach established a theoretical foundation that facilitates an understanding of the application of specific transport solutions in the face of potential global crises and underscores their importance for sustainable transport development.