## 4 Discussion  
The objective of this study is to chemically characterize the VOC makeup of cold-killed spotted lanternfly eggs, as well as compare this profile to the VOC makeup of other distrac  
Figure 11: VOC accumulation distributions for (**A**) SLF eggs and (**B**) crickets as a function of sample lid condition (—closed, o—open). Figure 10: PCA of the primary compounds from the open egg and cricket samples across the 6 weeks (**top**) and the primary compounds from the closed egg and cricket samples (**bottom**). tor odors such as crickets and bark. Looking at the results from this initial characterization, a total of six primary compounds were detected in the eggs: 2-nonanone, 3-octanone, dodecane, tridecane, anisole, and D-limonene. A total of eight primary compounds were detected in the crickets: 2-heptanone, 6-methyl-2-heptanone, benzaldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, 5-ethyldihydro-2(3H)-furanane, 2-decanone, 2-butylhept-2-enal, and 2-butyl-2-octenal. The difference in the odor profile of SLF eggs, crickets, and bark is a significant finding in this study. While other studies in the area of insect volatiles have targeted blowfly larvae and pupae, flower beetles, termites, maggots, eggs, larvae, and insect pupal residue, no studies have depicted the same set of compounds identified in this study, thereby suggesting a species-unique odor signature [10; 11; 15; 18; 19; 20; 21]. This indicates that a different odor profile is emitted depending on insect species, which indirectly corroborates the usefulness of canine detection by targeting a selected odor source for training purposes. This study supports the concept that small egg masses emit a detectable odor signature, and thus, their characteristic odor profile can be used as a viable target source that can be detected by dogs and analytical instruments. While instrumental odor availability cannot be linked to canine sensitivity, these results suggest that additional studies on different numbers of eggs encountered in infested sites may provide canine handlers valuable information as to the minimum amount of sample needed for optimal detection performance. Furthermore, testing SLF egg masses throughout different seasons and locations may further allow for understanding trends in odor profile as a function of insect feeding and breeding habitats. A total of four compounds were detected in the bark samples: anisole, \(\alpha\)-Cubebene, copaene, and trans-\(\alpha\)-Bergamotene. Terpenes such as cubebene, copaene, and bergamotene correspond to plant-related materials, thereby corroborating the nature of the tested bark samples. Previous research has shown the presence of \(\alpha\)-bergamotene in wild tobacco plants, indicating that this volatile is a moth-mediated pollination volatile as well as a chemical involved indirectly in plant defense mechanisms [22]. This study, therefore, corroborates previously reported chemicals innate to plant material that act as chemical signals for physical fitness and protection purposes. The crickets depicted a wider array of compounds and abundance than the SLF eggs and bark. Only one compound was shared between all three specimen types, anisole, which was present in the SLF egg samples and the bark samples but not in crickets. In a study conducted by [PERSON] et al., anisole was determined to be a potential environmentally friendly fumigat for postharvest pest control [23]. This could indicate that anisole is an innate part of the VOC profile of SLF eggs and the bark due to possible fumigation techniques in the environment, although further research should investigate fumigation chemicals and the effect on odor profiles generated to verify volatile transfer and origin. Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified multiple consistently obtained compounds from the egg masses, indicating that it is a viable technique to utilize in determining the VOC profile of the spotted lanternfly, _Lycorma delicatula_.