## 3 Results
### Albert Rift Regional Tectonostratigraphy
#### 3.1.3. Tectonostriography of the Southern Lake Albert Basin  
The Southern Lake Albert area, also commonly referred to as Semliki, exhibits four distinct tectonostriographic phases, interpreted based on documented sediment characteristics and regional correlations (Figures 5 and 6). This area forms the most studied area of the five basins/sub-basins, though its tectonics and stratigraphy are still not yet universally agreed upon. Nevertheless, we try to prepare a harmonized lithostriography (Table 3) and subsequent tectonostriography from the documented data, which will form a foundation for future refinements, e.g., [15; 16; 22; 24; 25]. Figure 4: Generalized tectonostriography of Central Lake Albert Basin. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Lithostrattigraphy**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Tectonic and Depositional Origin**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Source} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Reservoir} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Cap} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Rock} \\ \hline Period & Epoch & Formation & Column & & Rock & Rock & Rock & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Kasegi Formation} & Holocene & \multirow{4}{*}{Pleistocene} & \multirow{4}{*}{Nyabusozi} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rosened} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rosened} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rosened} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rock} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rock} & \multirow{4}{*}{Rock} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & Holocene & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & Nyabusozi & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & Pleistocene & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Kakara Formation} & \multirow{4}{*}{Pliocene} & \multirow{4}{*}{Kasande} & \multirow{4}{*}{Sandstone \& claystone} & \multirow{4}{*}{Sale} & \multirow{4}{*}{Sale} & \multirow{4}{*}{Sale} \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{5-12}  & & & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Lithostrattigraphy of Semliki/Southern Lake Albert Basin. Figure 5: Generalized tectonostrattigraphy of Southern Lake Albert Basin. Early Miocene Rift Initiation Phase  
The sedimentary package representing this phase marks the onset of rifting, with coarse-grained, poorly sorted basal conglomerates, dominant channel sandstones, and thin floodplain clays, reflecting alluvial fan and braided to meandering river deposition under an arid climate. Tensional gypsum stringers indicate active tectonic stress during this early phase or later tensional tectonics. Mid- to Late-Miocene Major Rifting Phase  
This package represents a major syn-rift rifting phase that resulted in the deposition of lacustrine, deltaic, and fluvial sediments. It marks the transition from a fluvial basin to a lacustrine basin. This sedimentary package has been differentiated into three distinct formations. The Kasande succession, which marks the earliest rifting unit, is composed of organic-rich mudstones and coaly shales, and is thought to have been deposited in a warm, wet, open lacustrine environment, while the overlying Kakara beds comprise deltaic and shallow lacustrine sediments with iron-oxide-rich sandstones, reflecting fluctuating depositional energy. Marking the end of this package, the Oluka Formation was deposited in deltaic, mudflat, and lacustrine settings, with ironstone and silica-cemented sandstones indicating fluctuating conditions influenced by tectonics and climate. Early to Late Pliocene Syn-Rift Phase  
This package represents a tectonost stratigraphic phase that resulted in a shift in sediment provenance due to changes in the sediment routing systems, shifts primarily caused by interruptions in the drainage flow directions.