### Emotion Processes Resulting from Cybersecurity Breaches/Component Process Model  
Cybersecurity breaches can impact victims emotionally by making them feel vulnerable and distressed, especially when they lose control over personal information at home. Losses in confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data play a major role in these reactions. Traditionally, emotions are studied by using emotion terms representing a specific emotion or an emotional dimension, such as anger, fear, or positive and negative affect [14]. As this approach examines only one aspect of the emotion process (i.e., the feeling as experienced by the person), it provides limited insights into the underlying emotion process that is elicited by the cybersecurity breach. An approach for studying the whole emotion process is offered by the Component Process Model (CPM) [15]. The CPM defines emotions as processes elicited by goal-relevant events that consist of five components, namely appraisals (cognitive evaluation of the event), action tendencies (preparation for the action and directed action), bodily reactions (physiological reaction), expressions (expressive behavior in face, voice, and gestures) and subjective feeling (awareness of the occurrence of an emotion process). From an evolutionary perspective, emotions are designed to be adaptive, enabling us to respond effectively to our environment. However, they can also lead to psychopathology and mental dysfunction. Using the CPM [15], one can go beyond merely observing the positive and negative feelings and look at the unfolding emotion process. In turn, this enables a much better understanding of both the adaptive and constructive, as well as the possible maladaptive and unconstructive aspects of these processes. Previous studies [16; 17; 18] have addressed emotional responses to cybersecurity incidents, primarily focusing on broader cyber threats like cyberterrorism and cyberbullying, concentrating mainly on basic emotions and immediate emotional reactions. Our study, however, takes a different approach by focusing specifically on emotional responses to cybersecurity breaches in domestic IoT environments. By applying the Component Process Model (CPM) framework, we explore not only the subjective feeling dimension of emotions but also the unfolding of the emotional process. Unlike existing research, which primarily focuses on broad categories of cyber threats and the basic emotions, our approach goes beyond these by considering a specific context. This allows us to provide a more detailed understanding of how different IoT devices and breach intensities elicit varying emotional reactions, thus contributing to a clearer theoretical framework within the existing body of cybersecurity research. Recently, the emotional impact of cybersecurity breaches on victims, focusing on a range of connected devices (e.g., computers, smartphones) and accounts (e.g., email, social media, and bank accounts), has been explored in two studies [19; 20]. In the specific context of cybersecurity breaches, this approach allowed not only for the identification of negative emotions but also of how emotions can be constructive or unconstructive. The first study analyzed anticipated emotion processes through presenting participants with cybersecurity breach situations [19]. The second study analyzed the experiences of victims of actual cybersecurity breaches [20]. Both studies used the lens of the Component Process Model and found the same well-interpretable three-dimensional structure of emotion processes experienced in cybersecurity breach situations. The first dimension reflects the intensity of negative emotional experiences in general, with high positive loadings of all negative emotion features. The second dimension differentiates between two types of \"action tendencies\". One pole represents constructive tendencies, which aim to resolve the distressing situation, while the opposite pole reflects unconstructive tendencies, such as withdrawing or attacking.