# OPMSS: Optimal Producer Mobility Support Solution for Named Data Networking
## 1 Introduction
The retransmission of requests can take place without additional signaling to the network. However, challenges arise in relation to real-time group communication and content producer mobility, depending on the content lifetime, latency requirements, and frequency of the producer's movements [7]. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [11], the creators of NDN, note that NDN does not support the mobile producer. In addition, they recommended that to provide a solution to producer mobility support, the separation of name prefix identifier and locator from the single hierarchical name prefix in NDN is necessary. Moreover, the prefix identifier and locator can be mapped using the broadcasting method or DNS servers [11]. The problem of producer mobility can be lessened via caching and providing a mobile producer handoff solution. In [12], the author emphasizes the natural support of mobile consumers and states that alternative cached copies can be used by consumers after relocation. The authors report that consumer mobility is intrinsically supported. However, there are many challenges with producer mobility that started with the initial design of NDN, such as long handoff latency, high handoff signaling costs, table size scalability problems, unnecessary interest packet loss, and the high cost of bandwidth utilization. Therefore, producer mobility is not supported in NDN, as the initial proposal of NDN claimed the missing of producer mobility support and passive consumers [13], hence, a sustainable solution is required to make NDN a promising architecture that can supplement the future Internet with the integration of 5G [14], IoT [15], and other network overlays that require mobility support. By solving the mobility problem inherited from IP architecture, NDN can successfully become future Internet architecture [16]. Hence, the researchers are motivated to conduct the highest research records in NDN mobility support between 2017 and 2018, due to the anticipation of NDN capability to incorporate other networks without additional mechanisms. Cisco proposed hybrid ICN (CCN and NDN) in a 5G network [17], which encouraged many researchers to investigate integrating ICN into 5G networks [5; 18], NDN-5G-SDN support [18; 19], ICN with IoT networking [20; 21; 22], and NDN-based vehicular ad hoc networking [23]. Therefore, much research was conducted from 2012 to present, to find the solution to producer mobility using, for example, the location-based approach, the mapping-based approach [24], the tracing-based (TB) approach [25], the indirection-based (IB) approach [26], and the anchor-based (AB) approach [27]. The mapping approach utilizes a mapping point, such as DNS server [28], a rendezvous server (RS), or a resolution handler server [24], to update the network about the new name prefix of the mobile producer to provide optimal data packet delivery after the handoff. However, the approach has a high signaling overhead cost due to the server query and update, which may result in long handoff latency. The IB approach uses an indirection point of the home router, a rendezvous point, or an anchor node [29] to store the new location and traced information for the request forwarding to the mobile producer. The approach provides normal handoff signaling and latency, but triggers a path stretching problem due to triangular routing. In addition, the representation of indirection points can become a single point of failure. Moreover, this paper aims to provide a solution to producer mobility in NDN, reduce the handoff signaling and latency, provide an optimal path by addressing the path stretching problem, addressed the interest packets loss, and avoid the single point of failure from the indirection-based approach. In fact, is proposed as the improvement of our previous work [30] that introduced the concept of using a broadcasting strategy to provide an optimal route after handoff, which was analyzed using an initial and reference model as evident limitation.