## 1 Introduction  
In recent years, pollution, uncontrolled development and the consequent damage suffered by the environment in urban areas have led to unprecedented changes in the local climate. Consequently, these changes have increased the number and intensity of natural disasters such as landslides, flash floods and fires, and meant that they have now become a global problem [1]. As recently as 2013, 330 natural disasters were documented and about 96.5 million people were affected, causing an estimated financial loss of US$ 118.6 billion around the world. In the case of flash floods, every year about 102 million people are directly or indirectly affected and this number is constantly increasing [2; 3]. [PERSON] et al. [4] presented in their survey, several applications areas for WSN, where we find energy systems, transport, health-care, gas, air, structures, and urban temperatures monitoring, among others. Despite presenting some works that present forecasts solutions, [PERSON] et al. [4] described the forces of nature as being brutal and unpredictable, causing material damage and death of millions of people, leaving the lack of energy, food, water, and communication failures for the survivors. Regarding WSNs application in natural disasters, [PERSON] et al. [4] listed a series of related works to surveillance, where WSNs were used for detection of transportation and smuggling routes of radioactive material as a long-term solution to nuclear material-based terrorism, and tsunamis detection and response, where WSNs were used for the prediction of tsunamis and floods, using prediction based on web services and neural networks. In addition, WSNs were used as systems to mitigate tsunami and floods effects, most of which, like ours, used water pressure sensors for data collecting and as input for their forecasting models. In addition, post-disaster actions help to save lives and, in this scenario, it is important to exchange information. [PERSON] et al. [4] presented works where WSNs were used or modified for this purpose, allowing a more efficient distribution of information among relief disaster teams and hospitals, enabling an improvement in the care of victims. Some of these solutions can be used in other situations besides disaster relief, such as in hostage situations and debris monitoring. In this way, [PERSON] et al. [4] confirm that the use of WSN is feasible and can achieve good results in the detection and mitigation of damages caused by natural disasters. In this scenario, wireless sensor networks (WSN) combined with new systems and technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), which is a natural part of smart cities and environments, is one of the most promising alternatives to help dealing with the problem of natural disasters in urban areas. It should be noted that in IoT, one of the most important factors is connectivity. It does not matter what the \"thing\" is but rather how much capacity it has to monitor environments in an architecture that allows the integration of the most wide-ranging objects and an interaction to occur between these objects in a smart way. One possible course of action is to follow the new trend and adopt sensor networks based on IP by using emerging standards, such as 6 LoWPAN/IPv6, which allow the most diverse objects in IoT to be connected with each other [5]. The use of these standards makes communication possible between the WSN, the nodes of a WSN and the Internet, thus enabling the sensor nodes to be viewed as smart objects that form a link between the physical world and online systems [6]. In the management and forecasting of natural disasters, the data collected by means of the sensors can be analyzed together with data available on the Internet such as satellite-based forecasting or types of variables which the sensor nodes are unable to obtain. Moreover, a scenario in which the sensor nodes are connected to the Internet, makes it possible to use technologies such as _Cloud_ computing and social networks to help in the forecasting and issue online warnings.