## 5 Discussion
### Significant Statistical Differences Among Individual Sculptures  
To determine whether significant statistical differences exist between the sculptures from the previously analyzed groups, a one-way ANOVA test was conducted for each sculpture across the categories of engrossment, total immersion, and their subcategories. Table 5 presents a comparative analysis of the average response distribution for each category and each individual sculpture relative to the category average. A one-way ANOVA test was conducted to determine whether there are significant statistical differences. Results with a \(p\)-value less than 0.05 indicate a statistically significant difference between the observed groups, as shown by the bolded data. The analysis of the results revealed significant differences in the levels of engrossment and total immersion across the sculptures, particularly within their respective subcategories:  
1. Engrossment: Sculptures S7 and S9 displayed significant statistical differences compared to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculpture S9 achieved the highest (as indicated by the mean response values). In the subcategories:* Emotional Attachment: Sculptures S7 and S9 showed significant statistical differences relative to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculpture S9 had the highest. * Focus of Attention: Sculptures S7 and S9 demonstrated significant statistical differences in relation to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculpture S9 had the highest. * Total Immersion: Sculptures S7 and S9 exhibited significant statistical differences in comparison to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculpture S9 had the highest. In the subcategories:
* Presence: Sculptures S7, S8, and S9 showed significant statistical differences in relation to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculptures S8 and S9 had the highest. * Flow: Sculpture S7 demonstrated significant statistical differences in comparison to the overall response distribution for this category. Sculpture S7 had the lowest mean score, while sculpture S9 had the highest. All sculptures with significant statistical differences were from the digitized group. This supports Hypothesis 2, which suggests that, due to their realistic appearance, digitized sculptures evoke more intense levels of engrossment, emotional attachment, and attention, as well as greater total immersion, presence, and flow. Sculptures S8 and S9 are perceived as more authentic in AR environments compared to digitally created objects, implying that the realism of the virtual 3D object contributes to its perception as an actual part of the immersive environment [58; 59; 60]. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{\ \begin{tabular}{c} **Categories** \\ **Mean** \\ **(SD)** \\ \end{tabular}  } & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Digitized Sculptures**} & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Digital Sculptures**} \\ \cline{2-13}  & & \multicolumn{8}{c}{**Mean (SD), \(p\)-Value *} & & & & & & & & \\ \cline{2-13}  & \multirow{2}{*}{ \begin{tabular}{c} 4.49 \\ (1.27) \\ \end{tabular}  } & S1 & S7 & S8 & S9 & S10 & S2 & S3 & S4 & S5 & S6 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Engrossment} & 4.49 & 4.79 & **3.71** & 4.80 & **5.10** & 4.49 & 4.70 & 4.34 & 4.67 & 4.07 & 4.22 \\  & (1.27) & (1.73) & (1.62) & (1.51) & (1.60) & (1.50) & (1.60) & (1.55) & (1.70) & (1.5  
Interestingly, while the group of digitized sculptures achieved both the highest and lowest mean scores across categories, the sculpture with the lowest score, S7, belongs to the abstract art representation, whereas S9, a figurative sculpture, achieved the highest score.