## 1 Introduction  
Phenolic compounds as well as more non-polar compounds like terpenoids found in plants have long been valued for their diverse bioactive properties, particularly their antioxidant and anticholinergic activities, which are critical for preventing neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress-related conditions [1]. Among various medicinal plants, burdock (_Articum lappa_ L.), and particularly burdock roots, are recognized as a rich source of these bioactive compounds [2]. Burdock roots have been traditionally used in herbal medicine and functional foods for their health-promoting effects, attributed to their content of phenolic acids and flavonoids, including chlorogenic acid and caffeoylquinic acids [3, 4]. In addition, the beneficial properties of burdock plant have also been related to their terpenoid content, although studies on the elucidation of the terpenoid profile of burdock roots are very limited [2]. These compounds have exhibited potential antioxidant, anticholinergic, and anti-inflammatory properties, among others [4; 5; 6; 7]. These properties are particularly relevant in addressing multifactorial diseases like Alzheimer's, which involve mechanisms such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of \(\beta\)-amyloid aggregates and tau protein. Plant-derived phenolic compounds and terpenoids have gained attention for their ability to target these diverse pathways and mitigate the underlying causes of neurodegeneration. This research is crucial, as current medications primarily manage symptoms during the early stages of the disease, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative therapies that address its complex pathology [8]. It has been observed that the antioxidant capacity of phenolic compounds and terpenes is linked to their neuroprotection capacity due to their ability to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which are key factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases [9]. Phenolic compounds, known for their strong antioxidant properties, can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative damage to neurons [10]. This action can prevent the degradation of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for memory and cognitive function. Similarly, certain terpenes, including sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, have been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to neuroprotection by reducing oxidative stress supporting acetylcholine activity, and reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression involved in the neuroinflammation process [7; 11]. However, to our knowledge, the neuroprotective capacity of burdock roots has been scarcely evaluated. The neuroprotective potential of phenolic compounds and terpenes from natural sources has been demonstrated in numerous studies, highlighting the importance of continuing the investigations of bioactivity and sustainable and efficient extraction of phenolic compounds and terpenoids from undervalued natural plants, like burdock roots. The efficient and sustainable approaches are essential not only to maximize the yield of these valuable compounds but also to reduce the environmental impact and ensure the scalability of their use in developing innovative therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Phenolic compounds and terpenoids have traditionally been extracted using conventional solvents such as ethanol, methanol, hexane, and chloroform, employing maceration, steam distillation, or hydrodistillation systems, among others [12; 13]. However, growing environmental concerns have shifted the chemical industry's focus toward developing sustainable extraction methods. These efforts align with the Principles of Green Analytical Chemistry, which emphasize minimizing the use of hazardous substances, reducing energy consumption, and decreasing the waste production associated with traditional extraction processes [14]. In this sense, biobased solvents emerged as non-toxic, biodegradable, recyclable, and easy-to-acquire alternatives to conventional solvents.