## 5 Conclusions  
Seismic disasters may cause tunnel damage and contaminate the potable water system. Aseismic analyses of water conveyance tunnels are essential. To evaluate the aseismic ability of water conveyance tunnels, this paper presents the full scale three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model of a large-scale water conveyance tunnel and a series of numerical tests. The ALE algorithm is used to simulate the movement and deformation of the inner water. The nonlinear interaction between tunnel and inner water is dealt with by the penalty method. Though the numerical simulation is one effective method to evaluate the tunnel stability during earthquakes, it is generally difficult to carry out an analysis of the full scale, three-dimensional tunnel because of computing power limitations. To solve this problem, the MRCB based parallel computing method has been developed in this paper. Based on this proposed method, the full scale, three-dimensional dynamic responses of the water conveyance tunnel under seismic actions is investigated. The numerical approaches and the model are validated by a comparison with the added mass method. Dynamic responses of the tunnel are analyzed and the parallelism is discussed. Besides, factors affecting dynamic responses are investigated. From this study, the conclusions are drawn as follows:  
1. The ALE based FSI method can be used to deal with the interaction between tunnel lining and inner water. The approaches and the established model in this study are suitable for the seismic analyses of the large-scale water conveyance tunnel and can be used as an effective way for performing seismic analyses of analogous tunnels. 2. The proposed MRCB domain decomposition method considers the features of the underground tunnel and the balance between time-consuming contact and FSI coupling loads. The proposed MRCB based parallel computing method has a higher speedup and a better parallel efficiency than that of the RCB based method. The proposed MRCB based parallel computing method can accelerate the calculation process of the nonlinear dynamic analyses for large-scale water conveyance tunnels under seismic excitation. The proposed parallel technique makes the simulation of large-scale models more efficient and provides an effective approach for numerical simulation of large-scale underground infrastructure. 3. The water conveyance tunnel fulfills the design requirements under seven degree seismic intensity. The results for axial forces, moments, stresses and deformations show its earthquake resistance. The simulation results can be used as references for the anti-seismic design of large-scale water conveyance tunnels. Specifically, the internal forces and moments obtained during and after the earthquake can be used to aid the design of connections for different rings, connections of different segments in a ring and water-proof measures, and the stresses and deformations obtained can be employed to evaluate the strength and stiffness of the tunnel structures. 4. The tunnel with filled water suffers higher stresses compared to the empty tunnel. The amount of inner water should be considered during the design and analyses of water conveyance tunnels. The deformation joints can partially release the stresses of the tunnel linings near work shafts caused by the sharp changes of structure and stiffness during earthquakes. Future work includes the optimization of the proposed parallel method to improve its scalability performance. **Acknowledgments:** The study is financially supported by 863 Program (number 2012 AA01 AA307) of China and the Natural Science Foundation Program (numbers 51475287 and 11272214) of China. The authors thank the Shanghai Supercomputer Center and the Shanghai Qingcaosha Investment Construction & Development Co. Ltd. for help and support. **Author Contributions:** All of the authors discussed and proposed the analysis method, and analyzed the data.