# Realistic Simulation of Dissolution Process on Rock Surface
## 2 Related Work  
### Simulation of Hydraulic Erosion and Dissolution  
Hydraulic erosion is a common phenomenon on the terrain surface, which has a significant impact on the surface morphology. Many researchers have carried out research on the simulation of hydraulic erosion and are committed to simulating realistic eroded terrain. This research can be traced back to 1998. [PERSON] et al. [8], striving to make the virtual terrain have a more natural and realistic appearance, first introduced thermal erosion and hydraulic erosion calculation on three-dimensional terrain. Subsequently, on this basis, [PERSON] et al. [9] proposed a hydraulic erosion model based on the flow velocity field in 1998. The model simulates the flow process of water to calculate the impact of hydraulic erosion on the whole terrain. In 2002, [PERSON] et al. [10] summarized the erosion process into four independent steps: water flow, erosion, transportation, and deposition. [PERSON] et al. [11] proposed a fast and efficient 2.5D hydraulic erosion simulation method in 2007, aiming to use the computing power of GPU to produce high-resolution erosion effects on terrain. Inspired by [PERSON] et al. [4]'s simulation of fluid with [PERSON]'s method, [PERSON] et al. [12] combined smooth particle hydrodynamics with [PERSON]'s erosion model and proposed a particle-based hydraulic erosion simulation method, which achieved better performance with lower memory. In addition, to consider the impact of water on terrain, [PERSON] et al. [13] added vegetation to the erosion simulation, considering the effects between vegetation and soil. Recently, in 2022, supported by the professional theory of soil and water conservation, [PERSON] et al. [14] added the simulation of water infiltration, channel widening, and soil fixation of plant roots to the basic framework of hydraulic erosion, and they also built a more complete simulation framework. The above studies have achieved great hydraulic erosion simulation results; however, these studies mainly focus on the physical erosion of water on the surface. However, for rock layers, its shear resistance is extremely strong, and the physical erosion of water  
Figure 1: Various dissolution simulation effects. can only have a slight impact. On the contrary, chemical dissolution can make it produce more obvious changes. In the simulation of chemical action, some scholars of computer graphics are committed to simulating the dissolution effect of metal surfaces. For example, [PERSON] (2019) and [PERSON] (2019), respectively, simulated the corrosion effect of the atmosphere and seawater on metal. In addition, [PERSON] et al. (2019) constructed a corroded object based on the voxel model and simulated physical erosion, deposition, and chemical corrosion. However, in [PERSON]'s simulation, they only discussed the action of strong acid on materials. The chemical reaction generated by this action is irreversible, and the material will not precipitate again after being dissolved by acid, so their simulation work is one-sided. In addition, a few researchers have focused on the simulation of caverns inside rock bodies. In 2019, [PERSON] et al. (2019) completed a construction of terrain using the voxel model and completed the modeling of the cave features inside a rock using the tree structure by combining various topographic primitives. Two years later, the team proposed a geology-based method for generating karst underground caves, which used the meshless anisotropic shortest path algorithm to obtain the skeleton of an underground karst network according to the entrance and exit data of underground caves and geomorphic feature parameters ([PERSON], 2019). In the same year, [PERSON] et al. (2019) also proposed a method to generate natural karst cave landscapes, which realized the generation of a cave network and had a cave passage shape. They also simulated the cave's inner wall details and stalactite phenomena.