###### Abstract  
With the widespread deployment of 5G gaining pace, there is increasing interest in deploying this technology beyond traditional Mobile Network Operators (MNO) into private and community scenarios. These deployments leverage the flexibility of 5G itself to support private networks that sit alongside or even on top of existing public 5G. By utilizing a range of virtualisation and slicing techniques in the 5G Core (5 GC) and heterogeneous Radio Access Networks (RAN) at the edge, a wide variety of use cases can be supported by 5G. However, these non-typical deployments may experience different performance characteristics as they adapt to their specific scenario. In this paper we present the results of our work to model and predict the performance of millimeter wave (mmWave) backhaul links that were deployed as part of the Liverpool 5G network. Based on the properties of the 802.11 ad protocol and the physical characteristics of the environment, we simulate how each link will perform with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and Packet Error Rate (PER) values and verify them against real-world deployed links. Our results show good convergence between simulated and real results and provide a solid foundation for further network planning and optimization.  
p 2022 14 202  
rates [2]. Examples of mmWave technologies include the V-band (60 GHz) and E-band (70/80 GHz), and backhaul links using these bands may be well suited to supporting 5G due to their 10 to 25 Gbps throughput and low latency.  
This paper provides a solution that models the configuration and performance for a 60 GHz mmWave 5G backhaul mesh network based on IEEE 802.11 ad. The network is deployed as a service in the Liverpool 5G project to support the development of novel eHealth use cases and applications. More specifically, the paper discusses the viability of IEEE 802.11 ad point-to-point links as a backhaul network in urban deployments. Our experiments largely validate the expected link performance based on the simulation parameters of distance, coding scheme and link quality but show that significant variability is introduced as a result of the real-world deployment. As such, some links match or even exceed the simulated performance, while others under-perform. These results will provide important feedback for other 5G deployments based on 60 GHz technology.  
The remainder of the paper is structured as follows. First, a discussion related to work on private 5G deployments is provided in Section 2, and this is followed by a detailed description of the 5G topology deployed in the Liverpool 5G network. In Section 3, technical background related to the particular problems studied in this work are discussed, which includes a brief description of mmWave systems, modulation and coding schemes and link adaption, along with the general metrics to evaluate link performance. Following this, the process on how the scenarios have been modelled and implemented in MATLAB, including the simulation assumptions, link parameters and traffic model are discussed in Section 4. In Section 5, the simulation results showing the performance and efficiency of the 5G backhaul network are presented and discussed. Finally, Section 6 concludes this work.