## 1 Introduction  
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was agreed on at the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Summit in September 2015. This new framework for international cooperation is committed to eradicating poverty and to promoting sustainable development between 2015 and 2030, where \"nobody should be left behind\". It is composed of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), along with 169 targets addressing economic, social, and environmental aspects. While none of the SDGs is specific to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), several targets refer to ICTs being used to pursue the expected objectives. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognizes that \"the spread of ICT and global interconnectedness has great potential to accelerate human progress, to bridge the digital divide and to develop knowledge societies\". It is with that fact in mind that the International Telecommunication Union, which is one of the associated organizations of the UN, has been actively participating in the discussion on the ICT indicators that will be used to track the SDGs, such as \"Individuals using the Internet\" or \"Individuals owning a mobile phone\". There is an urgent need to raise awareness about how to innovate ICTs [1] in the effort to find the best way to assist all nations in achieving the SDGs by 2030. Nevertheless, ICTs might also have negative effects on sustainability, such as the generation of electronic waste or excessive consumption of power. In this sense, ICTs play an undeniable role as enablers of more efficient resource usage, and are key tools in education and business operations, which are critical success factors for achieving the UN SDGs [2]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [3] underline the exponentially-growing energy consumption caused by the use of ICT devices in the market today. The generation of this energy that is being demanded is a significant contributing cause of the creation of carbon dioxide, a leading Green House Gas (GHG), as well as producing other global warming pollutants. The authors have found that, if unchecked, the relative contribution of ICT GHG Emissions (GHGE) could grow from roughly 1-1.6% in 2007 to over 14% of the 2016 level of worldwide GHGE by 2040, accounting for more than half of the current relative contribution of the whole transportation sector. All of this means that managerial policies, employees' habits, and awareness-raising in the hardware and software industries play an essential role in the sustainability of the sector. We have conducted a survey targeted at software development companies, to assess environmental and technical sustainability concerns as a first step in encouraging more sustainable habits and awareness. Sustainability should be considered as a new issue in software development enterprises and projects, which needs to be achieved without much delay, according to [PERSON] and [PERSON] [2]. This same argument was also set out in the national project that supported our research in 2015. In this sense, sustainability should be monitored by all internal audit functions of the organizational entities involved. In this work, of the five dimensions (social, individual, environmental, economic, and technical) stated in the Karlskrona Manifesto [4] and presented at the 2015 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)/Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) 37 th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, we focus on the environmental and technical dimensions. Environmental sustainability intersects with software in two domains [5]: \"Green in software\" (i.e., how can we make software more environmentally sustainable? how can we make the process of building software more environmentally sustainable? ); and \"Green by software\" (i.e., how can we achieve environmental sustainability goals through software?) [6]. Both points of view (i.e., \"in\" and \"by\") are considered in the survey.