# 6G Use Cases and Scenarios: A Comparison Analysis Between ITU and Other Initiatives
## 3 HEXA-X Initiative  
The HEXA-X is a research project funded by the European Commission within the H2020 Research Framework. It focuses on B5G/6G vision and the intelligent fabric of technology enablers connecting the human, physical, and digital worlds. It originated from the 5G Infrastructure Public-Private Partnership (5G-PPP) initiative [7; 8]. The HEXA-X project involves scientific institutions, universities and stakeholders from industry [9]. The research project activities are characterized by different aspects including societal, economic, regulatory, and technological trends by 2030. HEXA-X aims to provide an important contribution to the European industry leadership within the context of the next communication networks, such as 6G, which will seamlessly integrate TNs, NTNs and IoT. End users who able to access the next communication networks will be humans, physical objects, machines, physical robots, software chatbots and many others. The project aims to improve efficiency and resilience in the physical world through Digital Twins. They enable better planning and control, AI assistance and immersive communications between humans and the digital world. The results of the project are presented in four planned demo activities [9]. In this way, the HEXA-X vision on 6G aims to enable the seamless unification of physical, digital, and human worlds through a new ecosystem of networks, sub-networks, and advanced radio and multimedia technologies for the devices. From a social perspective, by the HEXA-X vision, future networks should be designed by a human-centric approach (including human-in-control) and should account for the human perspective(s) in every design phase [10; 11]. For this reason, the HEXA-X vision for 6G aims to create a European-led effort of research and development toward 6G, focusing on trustworthiness, security, privacy, sustainability, and digital inclusion. To this purpose, six key research challenges have been identified. These include connecting intelligence, aggregating multiple types of resources, transforming networks into energy-optimized digital infrastructure, prioritizing global service coverage, providing extreme experience, and ensuring trustworthiness. It is left to the 6G system to manage (i) multiple types of resources, (ii) guarantee sustainability and carbon neutrality, (iii) reduce the digital divide, and (iv) introduce communication security to guarantee confidentiality, integrity, and availability. From a business perspective, according to HEXA-X, the 6G will impact several vertical market sectors, and this is thanks to the convergence and platform-based ecosystem of connectivity, data, and specialized services. Future ecosystems need open value configurations and decentralized power configurations, focusing on specific user requirements across several industrial sectors. HEXA-X phase II has provided an updated \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**6G Capabilities** & **Details** \\ \hline Positioning & Approximate position of connected devices. Positioning accuracy target values could be from 1 to 10 cm. \\ \hline Sensing-related capabilities & Advanced functionalities added to the radio interface, e.g., velocity estimation, object detection, localization, and imaging. \\ \hline Applicable AI-related capabilities & Additional functionalities supporting AI-based enabled applications, e.g., distributed processing and learning and AI computing. \\ \hline Security and resilience & Security aims to guarantee data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Resilience indicates the network’s ability to work after an attack. \\ \hline Sustainability & The network and devices should minimize environmental impact in terms of CO\({}_{2}\) gas emissions during the overall lifecycle. It can be measured by the energy efficiency, as the number of bits exchanged per a single energy unit (bit/Joule). \\ \hline Interoperability & Network ability for transparent use access through different system entities. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
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