# Niching Global Optimisation: Systematic Literature Review
## 2 Niching Paradigms
### Parallel Niching Paradigms
#### 2.2.3 Restricted Tournament Selection (RTS)
## Conflicts of Interest:

The authors declare no conflict of interest

## References

* (1) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] A novel adaptive sequential niche technique for multimodal function optimization. _Neurocomputing_**2006**, _69_, 2396-2401. [CrossRef]
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* (4) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] A sequential niche technique for multimodal function optimization. _Evol. Comput._**1993**, \(1\), 101-125. [CrossRef]
* (5) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] A niching particle swarm optimizer. In Proceedings of the 4 th Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning, Singapore, 18-22 November 2002; Volume 2, pp. 692-696. * (6) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Differential evolution based on fitness Euclidean-distance ratio for multimodal optimization. _Neurocomputing_**2014**, _137_, 252-260. [CrossRef]
* (7) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Adaptive multimodal continuous ant colony optimization. _IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput._**2016**, _21_, 191-205. [CrossRef]
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* (13) [PERSON] Convergence Improvement in Global Optimisation with Applications to Control Systems. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2022. * (14) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] TRUST: A deterministic algorithm for global optimization. _Science_**1997**, _276_, 1094-1097. [CrossRef]
* (15) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Branch-and-bound algorithms: A survey of recent advances in searching, branching, and pruning. _Discret. Optim._**2016**, _19_, 79-102. [CrossRef]
* (16) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Detecting dominant resonant modes of rolling bearing faults using the niching genetic algorithm. _Mech. Syst. Signal Process._**2011**, _25_, 2559-2572. [CrossRef]
* (17) [PERSON] A multimodal particle swarm optimizer based on fitness Euclidean-distance ratio. In Proceedings of the 9 th Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation, London, UK, 7-11 July 2007; pp. 78-85. * (18) [PERSON]; [PERSON] The niching method for obtaining global optima and local optima in multimodal functions. _Syst. Comput. Jpn._**2003**, _34_, 30-42. [CrossRef]
* (19) [PERSON] A clearing procedure as a niching method for genetic algorithms. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation, Nagoya, Japan, 20-22 May 1996; pp. 798-803. * (20) [PERSON] Adaptively choosing neighbourhood bests using species in a particle swarm optimizer for multimodal function optimization.