# Application of Virtual Reality in Learning Quantum Mechanics
## 1 Introduction
It is effective in explaining atomic structure, properties of chemical elements, the regularity of atomic spectrum, absorption and radiation of light, and other phenomena. Its development extends to many high-tech fields, such as quantum physics, quantum optics, quantum chemistry, quantum computing, superconducting magnets, etc. A quantum computer is a physical instrument that performs high-speed mathematical and logical operations by following the laws of quantum mechanics. It can use properties such as quantum superposition and quantum entanglement to process more complex information [12]. Quantum computers have fast computing speeds compared with ordinary computers, and they can crack the existing public key cryptosystem within a few seconds. Due to the widespread application of quantum theory, researchers in different fields, such as physics, chemistry, optics, electrical machinery, and information technology, must have a basic understanding of quantum theory. It is difficult for many people to understand that microscopic matter has both particle and wave properties because of the scale they see in the world. Quantum mechanics deals with wave and particle phenomena on the microscopic scale, which is too small and thus difficult to understand, measure, and verify. American physicist [PERSON] [13] once said: \"I think I can safely say that no one understands quantum mechanics.\" Many high school physics teachers believe that students find quantum theory difficult because it goes against human intuition. They can use intuition in many fields but cannot explain quantum mechanics with common thinking patterns because this intuition is invalid. In addition, quantum mechanics combines advanced mathematics and statistics. In order to help them understand the basic theories and important concepts in quantum mechanics, this study applied virtual reality technology to design the teaching modules of quantum mechanics for learners to see the particles and wave phenomena of electrons and photons in the virtual world and the uncertainty of their positions and momentum through interactive operation, helpful to understanding quantum mechanics. Virtual reality allows people to enter a virtual situation created through 3D visual effects, and it uses human senses and immersive equipment to simulate things in real life. In the virtual world, users can see, hear, or touch virtual objects as if situated in the real world, and they can also interact with others in real-time [14; 15]. When the user's position changes, the computer can perform complicated computations immediately and return accurate simulated visual images to produce a feeling of presence. Virtual reality integrates technologies such as computer graphics, artificial intelligence, simulation, sensing, display, and network parallel processing. It is a real-time simulation system developed by modern information and communication technologies [16]. Virtual reality has been applied in engineering, science, education, entertainment, and national defense because a virtual environment can avoid the danger and cost incurred in real environments while achieving realistic sensory effects [17]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [18] believed that virtual reality has three elements: it has a three-dimensional visual effect that can simulate the real world; it can help build personal knowledge; it allows learners to move freely in different sizes or viewing angles to manipulate things in the virtual world with a higher degree of awareness and understanding of the created situations. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [19] believed that virtual reality is a real-time interactive system connected by computers and peripheral devices with the features of immersion, interaction, and imagination. Virtual reality is simulated through our sensory organs to provide situations that are difficult to achieve in the real world. Users can interact with virtual things in the virtual space in real-time, so it is very suitable for applications in science education.