## 4 Methodology
### Analysis of an Upgraded Method of Operation of Various Building-Energy Systems  
From the implementation of buildings using the patented ISOMAX system, it is evident that a reliable peak heat/cooling source is also necessary so that the energy systems (heating, cooling, hot water, and ventilation) are not dependent on fluctuating, unstable, and hardly predictable solar and geothermic energy stored in large capacity heat reservoirs, especially in GHS and ground cooling circuits (Figure 8). In addition, the production of panels in the form of a lost formwork according to patent SK 284 751 (ISOMAX) was not successful, was too complicated, time-consuming, and often showed deficiencies from a static point of view [1,2]. For these reasons, we were required to develop the components which would be produced in a panel plant, and only after testing the functionality of individual panels, would they be shipped to the construction site. A high level of energy efficiency and economic efficiency was also to be achieved, and RES was to be used as much as possible from an environmental point of view. Figure 8: Diagram of the combined building and energy system’s functional wiring. 1—solar absorber (energy roof, solar collector, etc. ); 2—short-term heat storage; 3—long-term heat storage; 4—active thermal protection circuits (building structure with an internal heat source); 5—mixing and control equipment; 6—low-temperature heating circuits; 7—heat recovery ventilation equipment; 8—cooling circuits located in the ground outside the building; 9—peak cooling source; 10—short-term cold storage; 11—high-temperature cooling circuits; 12—waste heat from the drainage system; 13—waste heat from the technological process; 14—electricity generation equipment (photovoltaics, wind power plant, etc. ); 15—building control system; 16—batteries for storing the generated electricity, and others, 17—top heat source [20]. In the development of innovative solutions for building components with built-in energy-active elements, we have based our approach on the ISOMAX system [1], which uses an energy (solar) roof, a ground heat storage applied for active thermal protection in the building envelope in the function of a thermal barrier, and uses a duct in a pipe located in the ground for ventilation with heat recovery. We had to improve the original plan to guarantee the efficient, comfortable, and dependable operation of all of the energy systems in the building. We added a peak heat/cooling source, a short-term heat/cooling storage tank, and the option of using an air handling unit with heat recovery or adding a water/air heat exchanger to heat and cool the air for ventilation. Additionally, we have included terminal elements for heating, cooling, and ventilation systems, a solar system, a wind turbine, the potential for waste heat recovery, and more (Figure 8). We have proposed examples of technically innovative solutions of operation modes with complex functional measurement and control schemes in different variants for individual ways of operation of power systems. All energy systems are involved in the schemes, which optimize the building operation modes by employing synergy with the building control system. These schemes are suitable for buildings that use combined systems and energy systems. Variant solutions are analyzed in detail in the utility model SK 5749 Y1 [20]. Analysis, Defining, Designing the Method of Operation, and Creating a Wiring Diagram of the Combined Building-Energy Systems  
Solar energy absorbed by the energy roof \"1\" and stored in a medium temperature ground-heat storage \"3\" (GHS-MT), between 30 and 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C, serves as the heat source for heating, ventilation, and preheating hot water. As a peak heat source \"17\" to offset the heat losses, a fireplace with a hot-water heat exchanger and an electric heating insert is suggested.