## 5 Results and Discussions
### Discrepancies in Collected Seismicity Data
The Red Sea's tectonic regime, characterized by spreading and transform faulting, should produce seismicity at varying depths and magnitudes, but the KDE plots show a notable scarcity of deep events. This could indicate either a true absence of deep seismicity, which would be unusual for a rifting environment, or a significant under-detection by the seismic networks, which would be a critical deficiency in monitoring the complete tectonic activity. Ultimately, the interpretation of these kernel density estimates must consider the possibility of data contamination and the fundamental tectonic processes at play in the Red Sea region. Such considerations are essential for refining the seismic hazard assessment for Saudi Arabia, calibrating the seismic networks for better data quality, and understanding the geodynamic evolution of this tectonically active zone. In the second phase of our investigation into discrepancies in reported parameters of Red Sea earthquake sources, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the temporal variations in earthquake magnitudes and depths. This analysis was segmented into four distinct temporal scales: yearly, monthly, daily, and hourly as shown in Figure 4. By dissecting the temporal variations of earthquake magnitudes and depths across these four time scales, we aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the seismic behavior in the Red Sea region, thereby enhancing our ability to predict and prepare for potential seismic hazards. We meticulously examined how earthquake magnitudes and depths varied year-over-year, uncovering potential long-term trends or cycles in seismic activity. This part of the analysis aimed to establish if there were any significant shifts in seismic patterns over longer periods, which could suggest evolving geological conditions or changes in the Earth's crust in the Red Sea region. On a monthly basis, our investigation focused on identifying any recurring seasonal patterns or anomalies. This could reveal insights into how seasonal climatic or human-induced factors, might influence the frequency and intensity of seismic events. The daily analysis was designed to detect any patterns that emerge on a 24-h scale, which could be significant for understanding the daily stress cycle of the Earth's crust in the Red Sea area. This could provide crucial insights into the diurnal variations in seismic activity. Lastly, our hourly examination delved into the minutest temporal scale, investigating the hourly distribution of earthquake magnitudes and depths. This detailed scrutiny aimed to reveal any daily patterns or anomalies, which could be crucial for understanding the immediate triggers of seismic events. Figure 4a presents the spatiotemporal dynamics of seismic activity in the Red Sea region through four scatter plots, correlating the depth of seismic events with annual, monthly, daily, and hourly time scales. The yearly distribution of earthquake depths reveals an increasing trend in both the number and depth of events, hinting at a potential intensification of tectonic processes over time. This trend is punctuated by episodic occurrences of deeper seismic events, possibly linked to the complex spreading and transform faulting systems characteristic of Red Sea tectonics. On a monthly scale, the earthquake depth distribution does not show a clear seasonal pattern, suggesting that seismicity in the region is not markedly influenced by seasonal factors. As the analysis moves to finer temporal resolutions, the daily distribution of earthquake depths appears random, lacking any discernible pattern. This might indicate that daily environmental factors or human activities do not significantly trigger seismic events in this region. Similarly, the hourly distribution does not reveal any diurnal patterns, implying that the natural tectonic processes in the Red Sea region overshadow any potential daily cyclical influences.