## 3 Results
### Fear Related to the Hygiene Procedure  
#### 3.5.1 Key Factors Influencing the Level of Fear Related to the Hygiene Procedure  
To assess the fear related to the hygiene procedure before and after the treatment, an author-developed question with a 1-10 scale, analogous to [PERSON]'s scale, was used. Patients rated their feelings of fear both before the start of the hygiene procedure and after its completion. The average score for fear before the procedure was 2.5 (SD = 2.0), and after the procedure, it was 2.0 (SD = 1.5) (Figure 16).  
Figure 14: Factors influencing dental fear ([PERSON]’s scale) before the hygiene procedure and strategies for its reduction (black arrows: positive correlation).  
Figure 15: Factors influencing dental fear ([PERSON]’s scale) after the hygiene procedure and strategies for its reduction (black arrows: positive correlation; red arrows: negative correlation).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Test Result** & \(p\)**-Value** \\ \hline Dental Fear ([PERSON]’s scale) before the procedure & & \\ \hline Dental Fear ([PERSON]’s scale) after the procedure & & \\ \hline \hline Note: Z—Wilcoxon signed-rank test. & & \\ \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: Comparison of dental fear levels (Gatchel’s scale) before and after the hygiene procedure.  
In the conducted analysis, correlations between the level of fear related to hygiene procedures and other examined parameters were assessed (Table 9, Figures 17 and 18).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{**Fear Related to Hygiene**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Before the Procedure**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**After the Procedure**} \\ \cline{2-5}
**Variable** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Test**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Test**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} \\ \cline{2-5}  & **Result** & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Result**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\(p\)**-Value**} \\ \hline Pain during the hygiene procedure & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.48\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.56\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \hline Number of missing teeth replaced with implants & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.14\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.16\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \hline Positive recommendations/information from others & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.23\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.26\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Belief in professional care & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.15\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.17\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Positive and empathetic attitude of the staff & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.08\) & NS & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.16\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Calm atmosphere in the waiting room & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.11\) & NS & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.15\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Puntual admission to the treatment room & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.06\) & NS & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.13\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5} negative emotions & Absence of in the patient’s field of view & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.24\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.18\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Feeling of comfort in the dental chair & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.13\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=-0.18\) & \textless{}0.0500 \\ \cline{2-5}  & Possibility of using sedatives and painkillers & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.19\) & \textless{}0.0500 & r\({}_{\text{s}}=0.12\) & NS \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Note: r\({}_{\text{s}}\)—[PERSON]’s rank correlation, NS—not statistically significant.  
\end{table}
Table 9: Variables associated with fear related to hygiene before and after the procedure.  
Figure 16: Change in the level of fear related to hygiene before and after the procedure (red line—trend line).