# Simulation of Gas Fracturing in Reservoirs Based on a Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Damage Model
###### Abstract  
Gas fracturing technology for enhancing rock permeability is an area with considerable potential for development. However, the complexity and variability of underground conditions mean that a variety of rock physical parameters can affect the outcome of gas fracturing, with temperature being a critical factor that cannot be overlooked. The presence of a temperature field adds further complexity to the process of gas-induced rock fracturing. To explore the effects of temperature fields on gas fracturing technology, this paper employs numerical simulation software to model the extraction of shale gas under different temperature conditions using gas fracturing techniques. The computer simulations monitor variations in the mechanical characteristics of rocks during the process of gas fracturing. This analysis is performed both prior to and following the implementation of a temperature field. The results demonstrate that gas fracturing technology significantly improves rock permeability; temperature has an impact on the effectiveness of gas fracturing, with appropriately high temperatures capable of enhancing the fracturing effect. The temperature distribution plays a crucial role in influencing the results of gas fracturing. When the temperature is low, the fracturing effect is diminished, resulting in a lower efficiency of shale gas extraction. Conversely, when the temperature is high, the fracturing effect is more pronounced, leading to a higher shale gas production efficiency. Optimal temperatures can enhance the efficacy of gas fracturing and consequently boost the efficiency of shale gas extraction. Changes in the parameters of the rock have a substantial impact on the efficiency of gas extraction, and selecting suitable rock parameters can enhance the recovery rate of shale gas. This paper, through numerical simulation, investigates the influence of temperature on gas fracturing technology, with the aim of contributing to its improved application in engineering practices. liquid nitrogen; temperature field; physical parameters +
Footnote †: journal: Medical  
shale gas have attracted extensive attention across the country. Shale gas is contained within the rock matrix, where the rock is typically hard and has low permeability, which significantly complicates the extraction process. In order to efficiently extract shale gas from these rocks with low permeability, various techniques are commonly utilized to enhance permeability [1; 2; 3]. In light of recent advancements in industrial technology, the integration of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has emerged as a viable strategy for the exploitation of unconventional energy resources [4; 5; 6]. The activation of newly generated fractures or pre-existing natural fractures through high-pressure water can vastly improve the permeability of reservoirs. As a crucial technique for enhancing production in oil and gas wells, hydraulic fracturing has a remarkably positive impact on boosting the output of individual wells, owing to its ease of operation, low costs, and outstanding fracturing efficiency. The creation of new fractures or reactivation of pre-existing natural fractures can greatly increase the connectivity within the rock formations, enabling trapped hydrocarbons to flow more freely to the surface. As such, hydraulic fracturing has become an indispensable technology in the oil and gas industry, playing a key role in unlocking previously inaccessible reserves and maximizing the economic value of these resources [7]. Nevertheless, the substantial water requirements associated with hydraulic fracturing have raised a host of environmental concerns. Foremost among these is the potential for significant pollution and ecological degradation of groundwater caused by the use of chemical additives, which can have adverse effects on the local populations' livelihoods and quality of life [8].