# Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Homestays in Chongqing, China
## 1 Introduction
Due to the different background and forms of homestay businesses in various countries, there are differences in the understanding of the connotation of homestays in different countries and regions, but there are also some common points: (1) the operators and managers are usually owners, and the business carriers are idle folk houses [22]; (2) operating as a sideline [23]; (3) foreign tourists have certain exchanges with the hosts of the homestays, and the lodgers not only experience the accommodation, but also experience the lifestyle [24]; (4) small-business scale [25]; and (5) regional characteristics are the core attraction of homestays. Relying on the local unique resources, it provides a variety of characteristic experience services [26]. In the new edition of basic requirements and evaluations of tourism homestay inns published by the Chinese Ministry of Culture and Tourism in July 2019, the definition of tourism homestay inns is to make use of relevant idle resources, such as local houses, with operating rooms of no more than four floors and a building area of no more than 800 m\({}^{2}\). The host participates in the reception and provides tourists with small accommodation facilities to experience the local nature, culture, production, and lifestyle [27]. The research object of this paper is all homestays in Chongqing, including both urban and rural areas. At present, the relevant research results mainly involve the quantitative distribution characteristics, spatial distribution types, distribution agglomeration degree, distribution balance, spatial distribution, and function coupling [28; 29; 30; 31]. The research methods are mainly based on the geospatial analysis method of the ArcGIS geographic information software platform and the mathematical statistics method calculated by SPSS (Statistical Product Service Solutions) and other tools [32]. However, most of the research areas on the spatial layout of homestays are concentrated in small scales, such as cities and scenic spots, and most of the research areas are concentrated in the regions with rapid economic development and the developed tourism-service industry in eastern China [33; 34; 35; 36]. There is little research conducted on Central and Western China, and the research content mostly focuses on qualitative representation research, lacking a systematic explanation of the spatial layout law and formation mechanism of homestays. It is necessary to use quantitative models to enhance the accuracy and scientificity of the analysis and elaboration. With the extension of China's regional development strategy, it is necessary to conduct a detailed study on the distribution pattern, development process and trend and existing problems of typical regional homestays, so as to better serve the promotion of regional development strategies. Based on this, the current paper uses Chongqing as the research area. Firstly, it dissects the characteristics and patterns of the spatial layout of homestays, reveals the equilibrium of the spatial distribution of homestays in Chongqing by plotting the Lorenz curve, analyzes the types of spatial distributions of homestays in Chongqing through the nearest-neighbor index, and analyzes the agglomeration of the spatial distribution of homestays in Chongqing through a kernel density estimation. Then, the OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) global regression model and the GWR (Geographically Weighted Regression) local regression model are then used to analyze the factors influencing the distribution of the homestays in and areas outside the central city of Chongqing, and to conduct a comparative study of the two models to analyze the factors influencing the spatial distribution of homestays and their spatial heterogeneity, which is of great practical significance in promoting the optimization of the layout of the homestay industry, solving the problem of unbalanced and insufficient regional development.