## 4 The Design of Routing Protocol
### Data Packet Forwarding
_IEEE Internet Things J._**2019**, \(6\), 3831-3839. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2023)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Adaptive Power-Controlled Depth-Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. _J. Mar. Sci. Eng._**2023**, _11_, 1567. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2019)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] A Multi-Layer Cluster Based Energy Efficient Routing Scheme for UWSNs. _IEEE Access_**2019**, \(7\), 77398-77410. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2023)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Advancements in Neighboring-Based Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol (NBER) for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. _Sensors_**2023**, _23_, 6025. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2021)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] QMCR: A Q-Learning-Based Multi-Hop Cooperative Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. _China Commun._**2021**, _18_, 224-236. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2021)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] An ACOA-AFSA Fusion Routing Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network. _Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw._**2012**, \(8\), 920505. [CrossRef]
* _[PERSON] et al. (2021)_ [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Anypath Routing Protocol Design via Q-Learning for Underwater Sensor Networks. _IEEE Internet Things J._**2021**, \(8\), 8173-8190. [CrossRef]* [PERSON] et al. (2021) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Reinforcement Learning-Based Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. _IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol._**2021**, _70_, 2756-2770. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2019) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] DQELR: An Adaptive Deep Q-Network-Based Energy- and Latency-Aware Routing Protocol Design for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. _IEEE Access_**2019**, \(7\), 9091-9104. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] (2006) [PERSON] On the Relationship between Capacity and Distance in an Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel. In Proceedings of the 1 st ACM International Workshop on Underwater Networks-WUWNet '06, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 25 September 2006; ACM Press: Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2006; p. 41. * [PERSON] et al. (2005) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] The WHOI Micro-Modem: An Acoustic Communications and Navigation System for Multiple Platforms. In Proceedings of the OCEANS 2005 MTS/IEEE, Washington, DC, USA, 17-23 September 2005; Volume 2, pp. 1086-1092. * [PERSON] (1995) [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Support-Vector Networks. _Mach. Learn._**1995**, _20_, 273-297. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2021) [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] ASUNA: A Topology Data Set for Underwater Network Emulation. _IEEE J. Ocean. Eng._**2021**, _46_, 307-318. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2016) [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]. Geographic and Opportunistic Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks. _IEEE Trans. Comput._**2016**, _65_, 548-561. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2017) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] [PERSON] Establishing a Cooperation-Based and Void Node Avoiding Energy-Efficient Underwater WSN for a Cloud. _IEEE Access_**2017**, \(5\), 11582-11593. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2019) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] Localization and Detection of Targets in Underwater Wireless Sensor Using Distance and Angle Based Algorithms. _IEEE Access_**2019**, \(7\), 45693-45704. [CrossRef]
* [PERSON] et al. (2017) [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON]; [PERSON] IDFR: Intelligent Directional Flooding-Based Routing Protocols for Underwater Sensor Networks. In Proceedings of the 2017 14 th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 8-11 January 2017; pp. 560-565. **Disclaimer/Publisher's Note:** The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s).