## 4 Discussion
The automatic identification system was designed to set-up a ship collision warning mechanism [82; 83; 84]. To manage sea traffic, the vessel traffic service was used to warn ships that violated regulations and were at the risk of collisions [85; 86]. Coastal patrol radar and motorized radar vehicles assisted in identifying abnormal dynamic reports of ships and provide early warning to prevent ship collisions. Furthermore, the decision-making group also advocated for relevant crew education and training materials that complied with the IMO's regulations, conducting competency assessment training for crew members and implementing international regulations and standards, such as the Maritime Labour Convention, for improving the crew's work safety awareness and mental states. As for the mitigation measures for the consequences of ship collisions, in addition to the annual maritime accident prevention and relief drills held by the central government, all departments involved should formulate their own contingency plans or standard procedures to mitigate and reduce the consequences of the ship collision incident. For example, the coast guard association used the Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System to simulate a map with the estimations of the search area where people fell and to provide duty information for patrol ships and helicopters to increase the rescue probability for missing people. Moreover, the ocean conservation association conducted large-scale marine oil pollution monitoring through satellite images and used drones to confirm the polluted area. This would help in effectively predicting the drifting route of marine oil pollution as would immediately implementing the deployment of oil ropes and degreasing agents to prevent marine environment pollution. This study was limited to the different backgrounds of the members in the decision-making group. The more people there are in a group, the more difficult it is to reach a consensus on the representative risk factors of ship collisions. In addition, two captains had significantly different points of view from the merchant captain, shipping companies, and port management departments, after taking their experience or academic backgrounds into consideration. Therefore, they had difficulties reaching a consensus in the beginning, but, fortunately, they were \"in the same boat\" eventually. The decision-making process of this study was based on the experience and expertise of experts to study the regional characteristics of maritime incidents in the Taiwan region rather than to judge on the basis of statistical data. The relevant risk factors were also analyzed through reliable literature. As a result, this study did not add relevant maritime accident statistics from IMO and EMCIP reports. Ship collisions are only one aspect of maritime accidents. The method and model established in this study can also be applied to other analyses and topics of maritime accidents, such as ship sinking, fire, grounding, or explosion, to effectively reduce the risks of various maritime accidents and create a safer navigation environment around the sea. For future research suggestions, it may be possible to optimize continually and create a package or library that facilitates the computations.