# Analysing Near-Miss Incidents in Construction: A Systematic Literature Review
## 5 Discussion
### Methods Used to Obtain Near-Miss Information (Question 2)  
The analysis of the articles revealed a number of issues related to the collection of NM information that could be addressed in the future.  
The construction industry is typified by markedly variable working conditions, which are linked to elevated risks to the lives and health of workers and a high prevalence of accidents. The documentation of all hazardous occurrences, encompassing both workplace accidents and near misses, represents a significant knowledge asset, providing invaluable support to management in the construction industry. Nevertheless, the implementation of an event recording system in construction companies may prove to be a challenging undertaking. In many countries, the recording of near misses is not a mandatory requirement [3,29]. The traditional methods of event recording have a number of disadvantages. The most significant of these is the absence of immediate access to essential information [48], as manually prepared reports necessitate precise analysis and the interpretation of results can be subjective [49]. Conversely, the selection of an appropriate IT system for reporting near misses is contingent upon the specific requirements of the company, the existing IT infrastructure, the availability of internet connectivity at the site, and other factors. Moreover,  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Number of Question** & **Question** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Q\({}_{1}\)} & Are near misses in the construction industry & [3, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 31, 34, 36, 45, 47, 53, 54, 55, 56, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69  
the implementation of such a system entails additional costs that may prove challenging for smaller companies to accommodate. The utilisation of information technology and artificial intelligence in the investigation of near-miss incidents enables the analysis and extraction of valuable information, thereby facilitating the transformation of these data into actionable knowledge. The insights gained will be of significant value to management in terms of reporting and training employees. Furthermore, it serves to reinforce the organisation's overarching safety culture [55].  
The results of the conducted analyses indicate that automated tools based on intelligent technologies are already being employed in the reporting phase within the construction industry [56; 62]. Nevertheless, a significant challenge remains in ensuring the reliability of reporting, which hinges on workers accurately reporting near misses (NMs). The research presented in [3] suggests that, over time, employees become less enthusiastic about reporting incidents.  
These findings are corroborated by the findings of the research presented in the paper by [PERSON] and [PERSON] [46]. This is a significant issue, as the absence of reliable and credible data can impact the interpretation and quality of results. Consequently, systems have been developed that focus on the automated identification of near misses through visual monitoring and the utilisation of diverse sensor technologies, in conjunction with the examination of received signals for recurrent patterns [31].