## 4 Discussion  
The digital twin technology provides a wide space for engineers using flexible approaches for improvement and development to reach high quality results, while the beneficiary can ask for the necessary modifications. It can be understood that, in addition to the simulation and virtual modeling of the activities and components, the DTCP can increase the performance and accuracy at this stage by removing uncertainty [2; 33]. Digitalization supports real-time data sharing, which fosters the integration and coordination process of all project tasks by updating the data quickly and sequentially, as the development process takes place within a detailed virtual environment of the real entity, whose lifecycle starts before the project implementation begins [33]. In addition, the monitoring, evaluation and control features ensure accurate and high-quality measurement and assessment processes during the actual implementation of the construction projects. The DTCP approach provides tools through which improvement processes can be implemented for maintenance and operation, thus reducing costs and providing decision makers with risk assessments in situations of uncertainty [35]. Forecasting the potential problems can also be conducted through intelligent operating techniques that work based on data analysis from multiple sources, helping in control and maintenance [2]. Our previous study indicated the usefulness of the digital twin for managing construction related activities, from the project level to site level. In the current undertaking, we also propose that it can have a significant beneficial impact in reducing the potential risks that may face the implementation of project activities through the digitalization of operations within its three stages of complexity [2]: BIM (Phase 1), Control techniques (Stage 2) and Digital twin customized solutions (Stage3). The following flowchart (Figure 3) illustrates the process of monitoring the work site through digital instruments and distributed remote sensors, which track the situation in the work environment for enabling decisions to be made by human managers or automated digital systems. The flowchart shows two variants: the first is a steady state situation (safe condition) and the second process is an anomaly treatment scenario (unsafe condition) based on the conceptualized risk systematization:  
1. _Safe condition:_ the process proceeds normally by sending the data from the physical environment to the virtual system and then analyzing and comparing it with the stored data according to the safety and security procedures provided. 2. _Unsafe condition:_ the physical system is tracked, and the data is sent through the sensors to the virtual system and then comparisons are made between the physical state and the stored data to determine the proper project intervention. 3. _Warning and recording:_ gives advanced notice about the risks and records them to start the verification procedures; the warning can be through sound or light signals, messages on the display screens and other methods (e.g., mobile alerts), and then the process of recording the risk is conducted by the system to supply the process of preventive interventions in the future. 4. _Define the risks:_ the risks are identified in the system so that it can, through the tracking process, make a correct determination and classification; the risks are revealed based on the information provided in the system about the definition of risks, while the decision makers are provided with flexible and understandable reports that reflect the state of the work environment and the expected issues. 5. _Risk analysis:_ is divided into two parts, probability analysis and impact analysis, usually in the form of a Risk Matrix (see Table 1 (A) below for a consecrated version of this matrix). 6. _Probability analysis:_ measures the degree of plausibility of an event being triggered that can influence the outcome of the construction project. 7.