## 4 Metabolomics for Metabolite Detection in Aquatic Food Products
### Veterinary Drug Residues
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According to the EU Annual Report for 2022 [134] on the results from the monitoring of veterinary medicinal product residues, the minimum requirements for the number of samples to be taken were not fulfilled. More specifically, the samples that were analyzed were lower than 50% of the target minimum sampling frequency. In the light of physiological abnormalities observed, metabolomic strategies have been provided in order to combat illegal drug abuse in aquabreeding. Therefore, metabolomic technologies can be used successfully for the characterization of those complex biological samples, as it is one of the promising omic tools that can produce the chemical pattern or fingerprint of the medicinal treatment. The specificity of the metabolomic techniques through the use of mass spectrometry (MS) sets the stage for the identification of the markers as metabolomics prepares and clears the path for the interpretation of their chemical structures [110]. Numerous studies have been applied using metabolomic techniques in order to study the effect of antibiotic treatment in aquaculture products, and many more are underway. For instance, according to [PERSON] et al. [81], metabolomic analysis of sulfamethoxazole antibiotic (SMX) and its metabolites in mussels (_M. galloprovincialis_) took place using the HPLC-HRMS-based method. In that study, alterations in amino acid levels (aspartate, phenylalanine, valine, and tryptophan) as well as disturbances in osmotic regulation and energy metabolism were observed. No significant alterations in the enzymatic activities nor in carboxylic acid levels were shown. As per a recent study, metabolomics analyses using LC-MS were performed in order to investigate toxicity effects in the intestine of sea cucumber (_Apostichopus japonicus_) because of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) stress treatment at different concentrations.