## 3 Results
### Feedstock Potential  
The three studies included in this paper assessed biomass potentials for feedstocks from agriculture, forest, and biowastes. The main feedstock categories that were included are described in Table 4.  
The values reported in Figure 1 are based on conservative estimations, which explains why some figures might be lower than in other studies. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Transport Mode** & **Sub-Sector** & **Biodiesel/HVO** & **BioEthanol** & **Biomethane (CBM–LBM)** & **HEFA** & **ATJ** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Road} & LDV & \% & 82 & 17 & 1 & - & - \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{HDV} & Mtoe & 5.7–14.5 & 1.2–3.0 & 0.07–0.18 & - & - \\ \cline{2-5}  & & Mtoe & 98 & - & 2 & - & - \\ \cline{2-5}  & \multirow{2}{*}{HDV} & Mtoe & 7.9–9.3 & - & 0.16–0.19 & - & - \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Aviation} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \% & - & - & - & 70 & 30 \\ \cline{2-5}  & & Mtoe & - & - & - & 1.7 & 0.7 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Maritime} & \multirow{2}{*}{-} & \% & 97 & - & 3 & - & - \\ \cline{2-5}  & & Mtoe & 2.9 & - & 0.1 & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Alternative fuel types per transport mode (Mtoe) in 2030. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Agricultural Feedstocks** & **Forest Feedstocks** & **Biowastes** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Road} & biofuels crops from rotational arable crops & stemwood for fuelwood, \\  & also used for food and feed purposes (e.g., oil seed rape, sunflower, wheat, maize, etc.); & primary residues and \\  & primary residues from arable crops (straw and stubbles), pruning, cutting, and & secondary residues from wood \\  & harvesting residues from permanent crops, & processing industries (sawmill residues, \\  & dedicated perennial crops, & which are generally converted in chips \\  & energy maize and grassland cutting & and pellets before they are sold further; \\  & solid and liquid manure & saw dust; and black liquor) & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Road} & crop residues from arable crops (straw and stubbles), pruning, cutting, and harvesting & stemwood, primary residues (stem and \\  & stubbles), pruning, cutting, and harvesting & crown biomass from early \\  & residues from permanent crops, & pre-commercial thinnings. \\  & dedicated energy crops (on below average \\  & quality land. Only the land that is released & Logging residues from thinnings and \\  & from other crops in a business-as-usual & final fellings and thinnings) and \\  & baseline has been used in the modelling for \\  & growing of energy crops). & secondary residues from forest \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Road} & agricultural residues (primary residues & stemwood, \\  & from arable crops (straw and stubbles), & primary residues (logging residues- \\  & pruning, cutting, and harvesting residues & same with the DG RTD categories) and \\  & from permanent crops, & secondary residues from forest \\  & dedicated perennial crops & industries (sawmill residues, sawdust) \\  & post-consumer wood & Sewage sludge \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Feedstock categories included in the biomass assessment studies. **Agricultural feedstocks**: The JRC ENSPRESSO study resulted in higher figures as regards biomass availability (95-191 Mtoe by 2030). This is due to the fact that the study included biomass feedstocks from first generation biofuel crops and energy maize for biogas. Moreover, in the high scenario biofuel crops (sugar, starch, and oil crops) and energy maize are estimated and grow in competition for land with food and feed crops, but this is no impediment for their use as energy. Additionally, dedicated crops can be cultivated in high biodiversity lands. In all the scenarios of this study, biofuel crops grow in competition for land with food and feed crops. The DG RTD study did not include conventional crops in the estimated potentials (first generation biofuels from sugar, starch, and oil crops in conventional cultivation mode), and the resulting biomass availability ranges from 60-69 Mtoe for 2030.