# Intelligent Planning and Research on Urban Traffic Congestion
## 1 Introduction
Because of their small scale and weak economic foundation, it is impossible to invest all of the city's construction forces on new roads. Urban traffic problems need to be solved with smarter and more efficient methods. With the advancement of urban development and urbanization, the demand for urban road traffic continues to increase, and traffic congestion in large cities is becoming more and more serious, especially during the morning and evening peak periods of working days. To solve the various problems of urban road traffic, especially the road traffic in the old city that is prone to traffic congestion, it is necessary to increase investment in the construction of intelligent transportation systems and formulate roads that can support urban roads while rationally planning the urban road network through the transportation information information framework, development plan [16], and technical standards [17] of the transportation development strategy [18]. Today, the overpass can be said to be an important part of the urban transportation system. As a modern and effective three-dimensional transportation system, it is an inevitable product of a city's development to a certain stage. Its capacity can directly affect the traffic flow and traffic congestion on the arterial road. The function of the urban overpass is to rationally divert vehicles that are far away from their destination at the road intersection to ensure the smooth progress of traffic and avoid a large amount of traffic concentrating on the same traffic network, causing traffic congestion. The structural characteristics of the highway overpass determines that it can make the straight turns and U-turns of vehicles not cross on the same plane when the vehicles are diverted, so that each vehicle can go on its own way without interfering with each other, so as to realize the vehicle diversion function of the overpass [19]. When designing an overpass, consideration must be given to the rationality, functionality, feasibility, economy, and aesthetic characteristics of the plan. In the design and planning, if the planning is not properly designed, it may cause interference to the traffic of vehicles in the urban transportation system and form a bottleneck area of traffic flow [20]. Overpasses with different structures and ramp design methods have different capacities for passing vehicles and have different degrees of impact on the traffic road network [21]. In order to make urban traffic more convenient and faster, and to solve the traffic congestion problem of people's travel to a certain extent, we need to set up an overpass for shunting the control of vehicles [22], so that vehicles in different planes do not interfere with each other and to ensure the intersection of vehicles onto the overpass in advance, so that the diversion of vehicles eases the flow of cars on surface roads [23]. This will ensure collisions between pedestrians, electric vehicles, bicycles, and cars are avoided at ground traffic intersections. Therefore, how to choose the construction location of an overpass and what type of overpass to build [24] will directly affect the traffic situation of the entire urban road traffic network. If the site selection is correct, it will effectively alleviate the traffic situation in the surrounding area. If the location is not correct, not only can it not achieve the original desired goal, but it will also cause a waste of resources. The road network, built at great expense, is not working as well as it should. Thus, it is very important to build overpasses in reasonable places and to give full play to the role of overpasses. In order to realize the traffic signal adaptive control of intelligent traffic [25], it is necessary to obtain real-time traffic flow information [26] first. The intelligent traffic system will collect traffic flow data through A/D conversion [27] to send to the control center for analysis and comparison, and to obtain the ratio of traffic flow [28] size comparison.