## 4 Results and Analysis
### Experimental Analysis Based on CEC2017
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Function** & **COSGO** & **GWO** & **SCSO** & **WOA** & **AGWO-CS** & **PSOGSA** \\ \hline F19 & Mean & 1930 & 8260 & 6690 & 2770 & 15,400.00 & 8380.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 1970 & 18,600 & 14,700 & 10,100 & 258,000.00 & 18,900.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 1910 & 1930 & 1910 & 1900 & 1910.00 & 1920.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 13.2 & 6190 & 5640 & 1860 & 46,200.00 & 6530.00 \\ \hline F20 & Mean & 2020 & 2200 & 2100 & 2040 & 2090.00 & 2060.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2030 & 2280 & 2230 & 2150 & 2220.00 & 2150.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2000 & 2180 & 2040 & 2000 & 2030.00 & 2020.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 7.51 & 19.8 & 55 & 46 & 58.40 & 43.10 \\ \hline F21 & Mean & 2270 & 2270 & 2260 & 2300 & 2310.00 & 2310.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2330 & 2330 & 2340 & 2340.00 & 2340.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2200 & 2100 & 2100 & 2200 & 2200.00 & 2200.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 53.7 & 63.2 & 69.6 & 48.5 & 30.40 & 21.70 \\ \hline F22 & Mean & 2300 & 2300 & 2300 & 2310 & 2310.00 & 2310.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2310 & 2320 & 2330 & 2340 & 2340.00 & 2330.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2200 & 2220 & 2250 & 2300 & 2300.00 & 2300.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 18.7 & 16 & 14.1 & 8.76 & 8.76 & 6.33 \\ \hline F23 & Mean & 2620 & 2620 & 2640 & 2620 & 2620.00 & 2620.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2650 & 2640 & 2690 & 2630 & 2650.00 & 2650.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2610 & 2600 & 2620 & 2610 & 2610.00 & 2610.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 8.73 & 9.8 & 14.4 & 7.75 & 8.73 & 11.20 \\ \hline F24 & Mean & 2750 & 2730 & 2750 & 2740 & 2750.00 & 2750.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2800 & 2780 & 2820 & 2780 & 2800.00 & 2770.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2720 & 2510 & 2500 & 2500 & 2720.00 & 2730.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 14.3 & 61.8 & 67 & 53.5 & 14.30 & 13.00 \\ \hline F25 & Mean & 2930 & 2940 & 2940 & 2930 & 2930.00 & 2940.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 2950 & 2950 & 3020 & 2950 & 2950.00 & 3020.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2910 & 2900 & 2900 & 2900 & 2910.00 & 2900.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 13 & 14.2 & 22.7 & 22.8 & 13.00 & 22.80 \\ \hline F26 & Mean & 3040 & 2930 & 3010 & 2940 & 3040.00 & 2960.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 4060 & 3190 & 3470 & 3830 & 4060.00 & 3840.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 2750 & 2900 & 2810 & 2600 & 2750.00 & 2900.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 289 & 59.6 & 128 & 186 & 289.00 & 171.00 \\ \hline F27 & Mean & 3100 & 3100 & 3100 & 3100 & 3100.00 & 3090.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 3170 & 3120 & 3180 & 3160 & 3170.00 & 3100.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 3090 & 3090 & 3090 & 3090 & 3090.00 & 3090.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 17.5 & 5.8 & 18.6 & 16.4 & 17.50 & 3.02 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Function** & **COSGO** & **GWO** & **SCSO** & **WOA** & **AGWO-CS** & **PSOGSA** \\ \hline  
Total & 66.5 & 106.5 & 119 & 85 & 120 & 102.5 \\ Average Ranking & 2.2931 & 3.6724 & 4.1034 & 2.9310 & 4.1379 & 3.5345 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Friedman rankings of COSCO and the compared algorithms. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Function** & **COSGO** & **GWO** & **SCSO** & **WOA** & **AGWO-CS** & **PSOGSA** \\ \hline F28 & Mean & 3370 & 3380 & 3280 & 3220 & 3370.00 & 3370.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 3480 & 3450 & 3410 & 3410 & 3480.00 & 3410.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 3170 & 3180 & 3160 & 3100 & 3170.00 & 3170.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 99.7 & 62.6 & 109 & 144 & 99.70 & 83.90 \\ \hline F29 & Mean & 3200 & 3200 & 3250 & 3200 & 3200.00 & 3200.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 3290 & 3320 & 3450 & 3310 & 3290.00 & 3300.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 3160 & 3150 & 3160 & 3150 & 3160.00 & 3140.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 38.5 & 50 & 70.2 & 44.1 & 38.50 & 42.50 \\ \hline F30 & Mean & 33,200 & 550,000 & 464,000 & 253,000 & 648,000.00 & 893,000.00 \\ \hline  & Worst & 831,000 & 1,920,000 & 2,270,000 & 821,000 & 6,730,000.00 & 2,450,000.00 \\ \hline  & Best & 3820 & 5430 & 7120 & 4520 & 8600.00 & 7470.00 \\ \hline  & STD & 151,000 & 715,000 & 658,000 & 378,000 & 1,460,000.00 & 621,000.00 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._