## 3 Results and Discussion
### Mineral Content  
The most abundant mineral in both the flours and the protein concentrates was K, followed by P and Mg, and the microelements present in the highest concentrations were Mn and Fe (Table 3). Despite having a similar mineral profile, the protein concentrates had a higher concentration of minerals than the flours. Only sodium and chromium were present in lower amounts in the concentrates. Iron, nickel, and magnesium showed differences between commercial brands but none associated with being a flour or concentrate. The process of the production of the protein concentrates has a major influence on the mineral content. Thus, concentrates obtained by a dry fractionation process show a lower sodium content compared with wet fractionation [36].  
Figure 1: Amino acid profile of different hemp flours and protein concentrates. EAAs: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. BCAAs: valine, isoleucine, and leucine.  
The results obtained agree with those described by [PERSON] et al. [15] for hemp flows, with K being the main mineral, and with high amounts of Ca, Mg, and P also being found in all the flows analyzed, regardless of the variety of hemp. Likewise, in protein concentrates, the mineral profile described by [PERSON] et al. [36] showed high amounts of the macroelements K, P, and Mg, with a connection being noted between the mineral content and the extraction process of concentrates. The high levels of minerals such as Fe and Zn described in hemp have led to it being used for the fortification of wheat flour. Some hemp varieties, such as Delores and Joey, have Fe concentrations exceeding 50% of the recommended daily intake (RDI); the Joey variety also contributes 30.03% RDI in the case of zinc [47].  
The K/Na ratio was very high in all samples, especially in the concentrates, owing to their low Na content. This ratio is very interesting from a nutritional point of view owing to its cardioprotective effect [48].  
On the other hand, the microelements Ni, Cr, and Se were present in smaller quantities in all the samples, with Se being found only in protein concentrates. Similar results were described for hemp flour [15] and for protein concentrates [39], with Cr and Ni being the microelements present in lower amounts.  
Regarding the two commercial brands analyzed, the flours showed statistically significant differences in the contents of all the minerals analyzed except for K. The concentrates showed no differences in K content or in the Na, Cr and Se concentrations between the two concentrates. Among all the minerals analyzed, Ni showed the greatest variability between samples. Several studies have shown that the mineral composition of hemp seeds is influenced by various parameters such as environmental and climatic conditions and soil fertilization [49]. However, [PERSON] et al. [47] found that the contents of P, Mg, and Se were not significantly different among the varieties, which suggests that they could be variety-independent. It is noteworthy that organic hemp by-products, both flours and protein concentrates, showed significantly higher amounts of Mg, P, Ca, Cu, Zn, and Fe. This result agrees with previous studies which reported that the micronutrient content was higher for organic vegetables and legumes compared to their conventional counterparts [50]. Therefore, previous studies have shown that organic vegetables have higher contents of Mg and Fe [51] and Ca, Cu, and Zn [52].