# Research and Implementation of CPS for Transmission Front Middle Case Assembly Line
## 6 Conclusions and Perspectives  
To solve the low level of informatization and poor efficiency of information transmission in the current transmission assembly workshop, this paper carried out a CPS study on the front and middle case assembly line of transmissions as a pilot. At first, the characteristics and problems of the transmission front and middle case assembly line were analyzed. Secondly, a three-layer CPS framework system was proposed based on the technology of information identification, collection, and transmission of IoT, the physical assembly system, assembly progress monitoring system, and assembly control system were constructed, respectively. Then the control system for the assembly line of the transmission front and middle case was developed through programming language and database system. Finally, the developed system was successfully applied in a transmission assembly workshop of a heavy automobile factory. The results showed that the system greatly improved the workshop information level and information transmission efficiency, realized the real-time supervision and control of the transmission front and middle case assembly process, and timely detection and treatment of unexpected events. It is helpful for the improvement of \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline
**Performance** & **Not CPS** & **CPS** \\ \hline completeness rate of process data & \(56\%\) & \(85\%\) \\ production factor coverage rate & \(41\%\) & \(92\%\) \\ physical control ratio & \(60\%\) & \(92\%\) \\ line balance rate & \(69.27\%\) & \(87.43\%\) \\ downtime ratio & \(1\%\) & \(0.3\%\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Comparison of results. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Types of Exceptions** & **Notes** \\ \hline Robot failure & This occurs on robotic arm R1 or R2. \\ Turret fault & This occurs on station 1. \\ Servo motor alarm & This occurs on pressing devices. \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Types of exceptions that cause downtime. assembly efficiency and control of costs. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, this article is the first attempt and exploration to optimize control of transmission front middle case assembly line with digital method and technology, which fills the gap in this research. Although the current work achieved positive results, future research can be carried out from the following two directions to effectively guide the actual operation and optimization of the assembly line. (1) Implementation level: systematic promotion and popularization. At present, this system is only applied to one assembly line of transmission front and middle case. In the future, it is expected to be applied and promoted to the whole transmission assembly line and even to the whole workshop and factory. At this point, many practical issues need to be considered, such as a better allocation of workers. Due to the application of the system, all the operations of the workers are strictly controlled and recorded, and they require additional relevant training. The non-cooperation and changeable proficiency of the workers should be considered. In addition, logistics distribution is also a major factor in ensuring the efficiency of assembly. The integrated optimization control of the product assembly process, worker allocation, and logistics plan should be considered. (2) Technical level: intelligent formulation of optimization strategies. Although after the application of this system for a period of time, some unreasonable problems with worker allocation, the division of working procedure, and the division of workstations were found, and optimized strategies were proposed. However, these strategies were based on worker experience and historical knowledge and did not change the assignment sequence of tasks. In the future, intelligent optimization algorithms can be designed and nested into the system to guide actual production and truly realize efficient real-time control of the product assembly process. Conceptualization, D.Z., X.C. and Y.Z. ; methodology, D.Z., Z.J. and X.C.