# Holographic Mixed Reality System for Air Traffic Control and Management
## 1 Introduction  
Future air traffic control (ATC) scenarios involve, not only simple increases in traffic volumes, but also new forms of cooperation and adjustment among air traffic controllers. For aviation safety, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is making efforts to convert air traffic management systems into those that use IT technology. This is expected to provide more information than what is currently available to many personnel that operate the entire air traffic management (ATM) system. As seen in ergonomics, excessive amounts of data mean new forms of work distribution and expectations of new cooperation strategies. That is, future air traffic requires changes in existing ATC/M paradigms. Air traffic controllers, who are in charge of ATC/M work, analyze numerous pieces of information occurring in dynamic environments in real time while maintaining flow, safety, and security to make judgments. ATC can be said to be multi-mode cooperation work with computer support. It includes processing of various unstructured composite data, such as voice communication, along with the real-time visualization of aircraft data. The main purpose of ATC is to maintain safe distances between aircraft and seamless traffic flows. Based on the long-term prediction of air traffic demand by the ICAO indicating steady increases every year throughout the world, future air traffic will become much more complex than the current situation and ATC/M is expected to increase further. Eventually, at this time point when the role of ATC/M in the national airspace has become more important, to be prepared for future air traffic, research and development is necessary to effectively present various complex navigation data to air traffic controllers. To be prepared for future air traffic, new solutions can be presented using technologies, such as mixed reality. The concept of mixed reality, which is being magnified as one of the core MR technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, is defined by [PERSON] [1] as a state where the real world and virtual world are mixed. The ultimate goal of mixed reality is to reinforce the user recognition and interaction with the virtual objects also termed as holograms using a head mounted display in 3D real world space [2]. The terms augmented reality and mixed reality are often confused, as both augment the real world with virtual objects. Mixed reality is the extended form of augmented reality. Augmented reality uses handheld flat LCD screens to augment the real world with virtual objects and shows the indirect view of real world. Whereas, in mixed reality, it provides hybrid environment by combining the real and virtual environment into a single environment. Here, the physical and virtual objects coexist in a hybrid environment and provide a direct view using head mounted holographic display. The continuum of reality to virtuality is shown in Figure 1.  
Mixed reality is a technology intended to overcome the limitations in virtual reality and those in actual reality. Along with the development of mixed reality technology, it is currently coming to the forefront of the field of entertainment and is rapidly spreading in all industrial fields such as manufacturing, healthcare, education, and aerospace. Therefore, mixed reality technology is used in a wide range of industrial fields and presents new potential. Mixed reality technology can provide augmented real-world information to users and can provide a new user experience as a medium for interactions in real time. Based on such characteristics, this paper proposes a mixed reality-based air traffic control system for the improvement of and support for air traffic controllers' workflow using mixed reality technology, which is effective for the delivery of information, such as complex navigation data. Since this system enables the effective provision of complex navigation data, the efficient work by air traffic controllers can be expected.