# Fast and Reliable Burst Data Transmission for Backscatter Communications
## 2 Related Work  
As \"smart\" transponders, UHF-passive RFID tags enhanced with computational and sensing capabilities and CRFIDs are qualified to become fully fledged components of the Internet of Things (IoT). Recent advances in smart systems driven by IoT technologies have opened up great opportunities for the development of backscatter communications. To enable RFIDs to be accessible from/to communicate with any other networked devices in the Internet, [PERSON] [15] made information accessible through IoT6 architecture integration. This method only allows access to the data generated by the RFID system but does not allow the use of RFIDs for real-time communication. In order to extend the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) to the RFID world, transparent agents are used in References [16; 17] to actively manage the resources and operations of tags. [PERSON] [18] designed a hybrid sensor network medical system integrated with the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and RFID nodes, which not only is suitable for identifying and tracking patients, caregivers, and biomedical equipment in hospitals but also provides remote monitoring and emergency management through three-axis acceleration. As far as the author knows, none of these studies involved the processing of emergency data generated by burst tags to make it quickly, efficiently, and reliably transmitted to the reader. In References [19; 20],the Wi-Fi or bluetooth signal sent by the reader is used as the tag excitation signal, which greatly improves the system throughput and transmission distance. However, the self-interference problem of the signal is difficult to solve and it is not compatible with the existing EPC Gen2 protocol. Therefore, our research focuses on using the existing protocol or its improved protocol to improve the backscatter communication goodput. In view of the problems for backscatter communications described in Section 1, [PERSON] [21; 22; 23] designed a channel monitoring algorithm to adaptively adjust the data transmission rate to optimize the goodput by estimating the packet loss rate and the received signal strength indication (RSSI). QuarkNet [24] cuts data frames into very small data units to accommodate extremely poor environments. However, this work does not consider the transmission overheads such as the frame header overhead. MementOS [25] and Dewdrop [26] solve the problem of insufficient energy in different ways, but they are difficult to achieve in practice. Buzz [27] uses rateless code, but it must use a synchronous single-bit slot between nodes. FlipTracer [28] and BiGroup [29] studied the conflict of tags on the physical layer of RFID from two aspects, including constellation domain and time domain. Through parallel decoding of backscatter communication and assuming good channel conditions, they achieved large aggregated throughput. Our work focuses on the media access control (MAC) layer and differs in that we dynamically adjust frame length and coding redundancy under specific energy-harvesting and channel conditions while taking into account that transmission overhead and goodput can converge to near optimal. The dynamic adjustment of frame length and erasure code technology has been proven by many literatures to effectively enhance transmission reliability and system goodput under adverse channel conditions. In Reference [30], they proposed a dynamic segmentation scheme to enhance goodput in a time-varying wireless environment. Similar techniques have also been applied to WSN. In Reference [31], [PERSON] et al. proposed a dynamic frame length control strategy for sensor networks, reducing communication overheads and improving energy utilization. The use of erasure coding in Reference [32; 33] is used for data transmission in multi-hop of wireless sensor network (WSN) to improve network throughput, energy efficiency, and high reliability while greatly reducing end-to-end delay.