## 1 Introduction  
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging innovative technology in the current era. [PERSON], a co-founder of the Auto-ID Center, first used the term \"internet of things\" (IoT) in 1999. He defined it as a pervasive network of intelligently linked objects with embedded sensors that communicate with one another, computers, or mobile devices, frequently automatically and without requiring user input, using a variety of networking solutions, particularly wireless ones. According to Machina Research, IoT will be connecting around 6 billion in 2015 to 27 billion in 2025, employing various wireless techniques like Wi-Fi 4G, 5G, and Bluetooth [1]. IoT is classified into three categories: Internet oriented--the vision focuses on object connectivity; knowledge oriented--the vision targets saving and organizing content; and Things Oriented--the vision emphasizes unique items. These ideas pave the way for the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which presents it as \"from anytime, anywhere, everywhere connectivity for anyone; we will now have the connectivity for anything\". IoT is converting the planet into an intelligent globe in which things are readily available in less time and effort. The Internet of Things (IoT) is characterized by three main features: comprehensive perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing, which enable a wide range of applications, including smart industry, smart city concepts, smart health, smart commerce, smart education, and smart transport systems. According to [2], these features are essential for the success of IoT systems. With the advancement of wireless communication and mobile applications, educational technologies are also evolving to offer new ways of learning, such as E-learning and m-learning, which involve the use of electronic and mobile devices for learning purposes. [PERSON]. [3] argues in his book \"The Future of Ubiquitous Learning\" that new technologies should be implemented in education to support U-Learning, thereby necessitating an update to pedagogical practices. [PERSON]. [4] pointed out that to promote ubiquitous learning, various virtual tools were utilized, including virtual classrooms such as Moodle, Edmodo, and Google Classroom, shared storage and editing space like Google Drive, Pinterest, and Issuu, social networks including Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, YouTube, and Instagram, virtual agenda through Evernote, and flipped classrooms. These tools effectively connected formal and informal learning environments. Currently, modern education relies heavily on technology to facilitate learning processes, with various forms of virtual education such as E-learning, G-learning, M-learning, and U-learning being widely used. These technologies have become indispensable tools for current learning processes, and it is impossible to imagine education without them in both the present and future [5,6]. Incorporating IoT technology into educational contexts creates a revolution in the way of the teaching-learning process by incorporating different novel means of education like 3D real-time training, virtual classrooms, simulation technology for practical training, and using smart intelligent devices, which fulfill the just-in-time requirement of knowledge, which leads to creating ubiquitous learning environments (ULEs) [7,8]. According to [PERSON], [PERSON], et al. [9], \"IoT might serve as a backbone for the ubiquitous learning environment, and enable smart environments to recognize and identify objects, and retrieve information from the internet to facilitate their adaptive functionality\". So, the essence of ubiquitous learning is to realize the 5A learning (Anyone, Anytime, Anywhere, Any device, Anyway) [10] for data processing and transmission through the ubiquity of information and communication technologies (ICTs). In U-Learning data processing and dissemination are made possible by the pervasiveness of information and communication technologies (ICTs).