# Enhanced High-Definition Video Transmission for Unmanned Driving in Mining Environments
## 3 Design and Implementation of Video Transmission
### Mine 5G Super Uplink  
In order to improve the uplink transmission rate of 5G in mines, the system utilizes super uplink technology. This technology extends the usage of the 2.1 GHz band to enhance uplink transmission, while continuing to utilize the 3.5 GHz band for regular transmission. Specifically, during the downlink time slot in the 3.5 GHz band, the 2.1 GHz band is utilized for uplink transmission simultaneously, thereby boosting the uplink transmission rate. The configuration parameters of the super uplink band can be found in Table 1, while Figure 3 illustrates the concept of mine 5G super uplink technology. In the figure, 'D' represents the full downlink time slot, 'U' represents the full uplink time slot, and 'S' includes the protection interval and the upstream and downstream conversion symbol.  
At the user equipment (UE), the uplink signal is dynamically transmitted in the 3.5 GHz and 2.1 GHz bands using time division multiplexing (TDM), achieved through the dynamic switching of transmitters. In order to simplify the hardware circuitry and address power consumption and heat dissipation challenges arising from the use of multiple transmitters, the UE can share components such as the phase-locked loop (PLL), power amplifier (PA), and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) [31], as depicted in Figure 4.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Uplink Link Parameters** & **2.1 GHz** & **3.5 GHz** \\ \hline Channel Bandwidth & 40 MHz & 100 MHz \\ Slot Configuration & FDD & 7.3 (up:down) \\ Base Station Noise Figure/dB & 2.5 dB & 3.5 dB \\ Uplink Interference Margin & 3 & 2 \\ Path Loss & 20 dB & 23.4 dB \\ Edge Coverage Percentage & 75\% & 75\% \\ Propagation Model & 3 GPP UMa & 3 GPP UMa \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Super uplink frequency band parameters.  
Figure 3: Schematic diagram of mine 5G super uplink.  
After the transmission link is established, resource allocation becomes a crucial consideration. Once the resource block (\(RB\)) is defined as the smallest unit of resource allocation in the 5G system, the data transmission rate of a single \(RB\) can be expressed as follows:  
\[C_{RB}=B_{RB}log_{2}(1+SNR) \tag{1}\]  
where \(B_{RB}\) represents the bandwidth of the \(RB\), and \(SNR\) stands for Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Assume that the packet arriving rate of the user is \(\lambda_{u}\) and the length of the packet is \(L_{u}\) bits. When the number of \(RB\) is \(N\), we calculate the average delay by referring the [32] as follows:  
\[\tau_{u}=\frac{L_{u}}{C_{RB}\cdot N-\lambda_{u}\cdot L_{u}} \tag{2}\]  
Consequently, the minimum number of \(RB\)s can be calculated as follows:  
\[N^{min}=\left\lceil\frac{L_{u}+\lambda_{u}\cdot L_{u}\cdot\tau_{u}^{max}}{ \tau_{u}^{max}\cdot C_{RB}}\right\rceil \tag{3}\]  
where \(\tau_{u}^{max}\) is the maximum allowable latency, which is 20 ms for unmanned driving video transmission.  
By utilizing Equation (3) as a tool, it becomes feasible to finely allocate transmission resources for the super uplink in 5G networks. This includes designing dedicated access network slices for unmanned driving services and providing varying levels of resource redundancy for cameras with different priority levels [33].