## 1 Introduction  
Due to the development of construction technology, the need for information management technology is increasing as the construction industry produces various information and data [1]. Numerous kinds of studies have been performed to assist construction information management [2; 3; 4; 5]. However, there are interoperability issues due to the different formats of different systems [6; 7]. Also, digitized documents can only be understood by humans. In order to exchange and share useful information between computers and humans, digital documents must be converted into a format that can be understood by a machine or computer system [6]. The construction industry has made efforts to use information technologies to support knowledge sharing in a variety of ways [4]. Many frameworks have been created to address interoperability issues in various areas of configuration. Besides, industry foundation classes (IFC) are continually being developed to overcome shortcomings in information transfer. However, to date, IFC has partially limited the interoperability of information and cannot express many specific conditions clearly. Besides, most proposed frameworks have not been completely validated. Therefore, there are many difficulties in obtaining data from building information modeling (BIM) and IFC-based models [8]. Identifying information requires professionals to invest time and effort in exploring, investigating, and representing information [9; 10]. For this reason, a computer-assisted knowledge management system is needed so that expertscan put on full information in a particular area [11]. Ontology is a kind of repository that can store knowledge concepts using descriptions and relations and exchange and share knowledge between systems [12]. Domain ontology allows practitioners or soft agents to share their comprehension of information structures. Recently, many efforts have been made to introduce the ontology concept into the construction sector: Construction Industry Ontology (CIO): The CIO project, led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), aims to develop a comprehensive ontology for the construction industry. The CIO will provide a standard vocabulary and common framework for representing and sharing knowledge across different domains and stakeholders in the construction sector. Ontology for Sustainable Construction (OSCO): the OSCO project is an initiative to develop an ontology for sustainable construction. The ontology will include concepts related to sustainable building design, construction, and operation, such as energy efficiency, waste reduction, and green materials. Construction Process Ontology (CPO): the CPO project aims to represent the construction process and its various phases, including planning, design, construction, and maintenance. The ontology will provide a common language for representing and sharing knowledge about construction processes, which can help to improve efficiency and reduce errors. BIM Ontology: Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building. The BIM Ontology project aims to develop an ontology for BIM data, which can help to improve data integration and interoperability among different BIM software tools and stakeholders. These initiatives aim to improve collaboration, knowledge sharing, and efficiency in the construction process, ultimately leading to better outcomes for construction projects. However, when building a domain ontology in the construction area, the reuse of the ontology is rarely achieved. There are not enough databases to use for the ontology project. Thus, the current construction ontology database's development is significant for future research. The basic formal ontology is of paramount importance as the knowledge base is the foundation of ontology-related projects in the construction area. Most knowledge-sharing schemes related to ontology should begin working with a basic formal ontology model [13,14].