# The Impact of Job Insecurity on Miner Safety Behavior--A Study Based on SEM and fsQCA
## 3 Research Objects and Questionnaire
### Scale Design  
The main scales used in this study include the job insecurity scale, psychological resilience scale, team safety climate scale, and safety behavior scale. Excluding part one of the questionnaire, all scales were scored using the Likert five-point scoring method, with options ranging from 1 to 5, representing completely inconsistent, somewhat inconsistent, uncertain, basically consistent, and completely consistent, respectively.  
The first part included the research objectives, specific requirements for the questionnaire (requiring answers to each question), gratitude to the respondents, confidentiality commitment from the researchers to the respondents, and contact information of the researchers. Meanwhile, a demographic survey questionnaire was set up, which included basic individual characteristics of miners such as gender, age, length of service, occupation, education level, marital status, etc.  
The second part was the questionnaire for measuring miners' job insecurity. Based on the reference to the relevant work insecurity scale and combined with the actual situation of the coal mining industry, this scale was modified [39]. The scale consisted of three dimensions, including job loss insecurity, job performance insecurity, and interpersonal insecurity, with a total of 12 items. For example, \"I am worried that my work ability does not meet the development requirements of the coal mine\", \"I worry that I can be easily replaced by others in my position at the coal mine\", etc. The higher the score, the stronger the miner's perception of unsafe work.  
The third part was the psychological resilience scale. Using the Conner-Davison scale [40], [PERSON] and others [41] found that the application of this scale in the Chinese coal mine worker population has good reliability and validity. Six questions were selected based on the current situation of the miners. Such as \"After encountering setbacks, I can recover quickly\". The higher the score, the higher the miner's level of psychological resilience.  
The fourth part was the miner safety behavior scale. The miner safety behavior scale mainly refers to [PERSON]'s [42; 43; 44] Risk Behavior Scale, selecting three dimensions including personal security quality, job characteristics, and safe management, with a total of 11 questions. Such as \"During the work process, I do not consider safety as the top priority\", \"I have not mastered all safety operation procedures\". The higher the score, the more likely risky behavior was to occur.  
The fifth part was the team safety climate scale. The main definition of safety climate is based on [PERSON] (1980): safety climate is the individual psychological perception of employees in the organization, and it is the employees' cognitive evaluation of the organization's emphasis on security. Based on [PERSON]'s (1980) research, a scale with 10 items was selected, combining the basic characteristics of miners and their actual working conditions. There are a total of 36 questions in the scale, excluding basic information. Such as \"My direct supervisor ensures that we have safety equipment while working\", \"My direct supervisor often checks whether we comply with safety regulations\". The higher the score, the better the team safety atmosphere. After consulting with experts in the coal mining industry and making repeated revisions, it was put into use while control variables such as miner's age, years of experience, and education level were included.