## 4 Results and Discussion
### Estimation of Total Water Consumption in the Basin (Sheet 2)
The soil (17.0 BCM/year)-, water (1.7 BCM/year)-, and interception (0.1 BCM/year)-based water consumptions detailed in sheet 2 of the wet year (2016-2017) contributed to the evaporation of 18.8 BCM/year in the basin. Total evapotranspiration of 29.5 BCM/year in the basin includes the evaporation of 18.8 BCM/year and transpiration of 10.7 BCM/year. The CHIRPS precipitation-based outcome also approved the maximum water consumption by soil, followed by transpiration. The CHIRPS precipitation-based outcomes for the wet year (2016-2017) in sheet 2 showed the non-beneficial and beneficial consumptions in the basin as 18.3 BCM/year and 11.2 BCM/year, respectively. Further, it was found that the non-beneficial components were higher than beneficial for both satellite observations precipitations in the basin, along with the maximum losses, in the form of evaporation, that occurred by the soil and wet surface. [PERSON] et al. (2016) discovered that the non-beneficial component was greater than the beneficial component in the Subarnarekha basin and advised limiting non-beneficial consumptions from soil evaporation. [PERSON] et al. (2017) analyzed the beneficial components of ET that accounted for 81% of total ET (146.0 BCM/year) in North Jordan Valley under shortage irrigation scenarios. The study area is located in the semi-arid region (average annual rainfall 918 mm), and it is a drought-prone river basin. Therefore, sustainable measures should be promptly adopted to control the water losses from the bare soil and wet surface and improve the beneficial consumptions. A majority of the population living in the basin is rural, poor, and primarily depends on agriculture and livestock rearing for their livelihoods ([PERSON], 2016). BRB shows that low water productivity of agriculture in the basin will lead to dire socio-economic and environmental consequences. Changing climate (reduction in rainfall and rising temperature) will cascade the existing problem in the future. Hence, managing water consumption in agriculture, without affecting the potential of food production in the basin, is of the utmost importance. Water consumption in agriculture can be improved by employing advanced farm management practices, such as high-tech irrigation systems (drip and sprinkler), growing high yielding drought-tolerant crop varieties, changes in cropping pattern, use of cover crops, and better crop rotation practices, etc. It will help in reducing evaporative losses from agriculture in the basin. Further, the use of new water supply sources, such as recycled wastewater for irrigation and maintaining river's environmental flow by afforestation along the river banks, building micro- and small check dams on the tributaries, will enhance water availability in the basin. Soft measures, such as increasing awareness among different stakeholders, capacity building, and improvement in other human managed processes, will bring non-beneficial water consumption down in the basin. The transpiration fraction (TF), beneficial fraction (BF), and irrigated RT fraction (IEF) indices were also calculated to summarize the non-beneficial and beneficial water consumptions obtained from the evaporation sheet ([PERSON], 2016). The beneficial fractions derived from PERSIANN and CHIRPS precipitation dataset were 38.31% and 37.97% for the wet period (Table 5) and 40.88% and 33.07% for the dry period, respectively (Table 6). The PERSIANN precipitation dataset-based outcome indicated an increase in the beneficial fraction of ET.