## 2 Study Area and Resources
### Resources
#### 2.2.2 Landslide Conditioning Factors  
LCFs (Landslide conditioning factors) encompass both natural and anthropogenic elements that affect the possibility of landslide events, which is critical for the precise assess landslide susceptibility [30; 35; 36; 37]. However, there are no unified standards for the selection and application of LCFs. By summarizing a massive body of literature [25; 27; 28; 38], it was found that topography, geological, soil, and environmental factors are the most commonly used LCFs in global studies. From the studies, we selected for 12 LCFs. The dynamic condition factors were derived from time-based data encompassing NDVI, land cover type, and precipitation. Static condition factors were extracted from a range of data sources including aspect, elevation, slope, profile curvature, TRI, lithology, plane curvature, distance to faults, and surface soil taxonomy data. Table 2 presents a detailed enumeration of all data sources utilized. Topographic factors are essential components in the analysis of LSM and play a substantial role in influencing the formation and spatial distribution of landslides. These factors, which encompass slope, aspect, and elevation, represent the variations in the terrain's surface characteristics. They function as direct indicators of the essential conditions related to slope instability and have a substantial effect on the frequency and distribution of landslides. Therefore, this study examines aspect, slope, elevation, TRI, profile curvature, and plane curvature. Elevation data were sourced from the GMTED2010 [39], and other terrain factors were calculated from the elevation data. Among the geological factors, lithology is intrinsically linked to slope stability, with variations in lithological composition influencing the magnitude of landslides. The lithological information utilized in this research is sourced from the GLIM [40]. The susceptibility to landslides is significantly influenced by geological formations, with faults playing a crucial role. Joint fractures formed by faults often determine the potential sliding surfaces and boundary conditions of landslides, which are particularly susceptible to destabilization in areas with complex geological formations. This study further obtained distance data from the landslide point to the fault from the fault dataset of the GEM Global Active Faults Project [41]. ([[https://github.com/GEMScienceTools/gem-global-active-faults](https://github.com/GEMScienceTools/gem-global-active-faults)]([https://github.com/GEMScienceTools/gem-global-active-faults](https://github.com/GEMScienceTools/gem-global-active-faults)), accessed on 1 April 2024). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Data Type** & **Conditioning Factor** & **Dataset** & **The State of the Condition Factor** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Topographic} & Elevation (ELE) & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Slope (SL) & & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Aspect (AS) & & Topographic Elevation Data 2010) & Static \\ \cline{2-4}  & Plane curvature (PLC) & & characterized by a spatial resolution of & Static \\ \cline{2-4}  & Profile curvature (PRC) & & 7.5 arcseconds & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Terrain Roughness Index (TRI) & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Geological} & Lithology (LITHO) & GLIM (Global Lithology Map), & \\  & Resolution & 1:3750,000 & \\ \cline{2-4}  & Distance to faults (FTD) & GEM (Global Earthquake Model) released & \\ \cline{2-4}  & in 2019 & & \\ \hline Soil & Surface soil taxonomy (SST) & OpenLandMap USDA soil classification, & Static \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Environment} & Normalized Difference Vegetation & Global MOD12Q1 Ve Vegetation Index, & \\  & Index (NDVI) & Resolution 250 m & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & Land cover type (LC) & Global MCD12Q1 V6 land cover type, resolution & Dynamic \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & Annual cumulative precipitation (PRE) & ERA5-Land Monthly Aggregated-ECMWF & \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-4}  & & climate analysis dataset, resolution 0.1\({}^{\circ}\) & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Statistics on data sources.