## 1 Introduction  
The fifth generation (5G) network is presently being deployed worldwide, resulting in a significant explosion of dense mobile applications. As a result, mobile usage is expected to expand by a factor of 1000 by the next decade [1; 2]. Consequently, the exponential growth in mobile usage poses serious concerns in the wireless communication ecosystem. In order to handle the expected traffic growth, future wireless communication networks will require a thousandfold increase in capacity. Early mobile communication network generations were built primarily to facilitate human-to-human (H2H) communications, and remarkable success has been reported in meeting the desired data rate and delay requirements [3]. However, more advanced communication technologies are currently being exploited due to the emergence of more inventive technology and services that will cause a profound transformation in almost every area of any global economic development. Future mobile applications will have a compelling need for better Quality of Service (QoS), Quality of Experience (QoE), higher traffic volumes, and significantly lower costs without sacrificing the required high security. The IMT-2020 family includes 5G technology, which provides exceptional services, including high data rates, quick convergence, high spectral efficiency, flexibility, and uncompromised security. 5G is intended to revamp the current mobile communication technologies, such as IMT-Advanced (4G), by providing more advanced capabilities. 5G introduces three new services to customers: extreme Mobile Broadband (eMBB), enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC), and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC). Users can receive fast internet, increased bandwidth, low latency, Ultra-High-Definition (UltraHD) streaming movies, media for Virtual and Augmented Reality (VAR), and several other sophisticated technologies, thanks to 5G eMBB. The eMTC enables extremely fast, wide-bandwidth machine-type communication over long distances while consuming little power and at a low cost. For 5G to provide low latency and highly dependable communication, the URLLC is a critical 5G feature that will ensure QoS and extremely high reliability, typically not provisioned in earlier mobile technologies [2]. Enabling 5G services and use cases will necessitate additional frequency allocation and flexible spectrum management techniques for mobile broadband. This new frequency standardization should be able to support the newer technologies and services that enable 5G wireless communication. Currently, 5G works on different spectrum bands, such as the licensed, unlicensed, and shared bands of the FR1 and FR2 bands. While the FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz) band is perfect for short-range communications with improved data rates, the FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) bands are suitable for communications via conventional cellular mobile communication lines. Additionally, delivering 5G exceptional services would require integrating older and more modern enabling technologies [4], especially to support services such as multimedia applications, VR/AR, and other highly sophisticated mobile services. Each of these services will necessitate the use of one or more enabling technologies. Key 5G enablers include carrier aggregation, mobile edge computing, dual connectivity, and massive Multiple Input and Multiple Output (mMIMO). The timely deployment of 5G networks depends on the architecture adopted. There are two ways to implement 5G technology. The first is the Standalone 5G deployment paradigm, offering services over an entire 5G network. The second mode, Non-Standalone (NSA), uses a combination of 5G and LTE to deliver services [5]. In the 5G network, application developers and device manufacturers should be able to test and benchmark new mobile applications, devices, and services. A critical aspect of the mobile communications market is to guarantee the correct behavior of dense applications and massive devices to satisfy the requirements of end users.