# A CIOS Analysis for the Promotion of Sustainable Plans of Mobility: The Case of Mexico City
## 3 Results
### Representation Phase
#### 3.1.2 Identify Major Subsystems  
In our case, via the previously identified problems of Mexico City, we were able to recognize the four physical subsystems as the aforementioned problems are strongly related to transportation, urban planning, sustainable mobility, and socio-economic activities (Figure 4).  
Figure 4: The subsystems extracted by the actual situation in Mexico City and its suburbs.  
The socio-economic activities subsystem has a direct connection with the subsystem of urban planning because the population's socio-economic activities give form to the urban planning via the definition of land use. Moreover, the socio-economic activities subsystem influences both the transportation and sustainable mobility subsystems by generating aggregate transportation demand that is oriented towards vehicles and people respectively.  
The urban planning subsystem provides the necessary background in order the people to realize their socio-economic activities within open (parks, sports centres) and closed (universities, schools, offices, industries) places. Furthermore, urban planning is strongly connected to transportation because according to the models of urban design, aggregate transportation demand can be generated and the usage of certain modes of transportation can be encouraged, for example, the urban sprawl with no densification patterns encourages the usage of private auto-mobiles. In addition, the urban planning subsystem influences the sustainable mobility-environment subsystem because urban planning is responsible for the establishment of accessibility via mixed land use so that the people to cover their daily activities within a compact city.  
On its part, the subsystem of transportation influences the urban planning via several policies and can manipulate the city's urban development patterns, for example, transit oriented development, pacification of transit in school areas, and generation of car-free roads. Transportation through its negative externalities such as environmental pollution, road accidents, and congestion can affect the environment, making necessary the establishment of a sustainable urban mobility plan. Moreover, the transportation subsystem affects the system of socio-economic activities by offering the necessary means in order the people to travel and conclude their everyday activities.  
The sustainable mobility subsystem is capable to influence transportation systems via the usage of new and more efficient modes so that the people to cover their mobility needs, such as micromobility vehicles, electric and hybrid cars. Moreover, the sustainable mobility can set the basis in order the urban planning to change accordingly, so that to encourage the pedestrian, cyclist, micromobility user, and user of public transport mobility, for example, the densification of land use close to stations of public transport and bike lanes. Finally, the sustainable mobility subsystem can influence the subsystem of socio-economic activities by providing the necessary means in order the people to cover their everyday activities without the need to use a private auto-mobile.