# Blockchain for Future Wireless Networks: A Decade Survey
## 5 Result Analysis
### Performance Evaluation  
Figure 9(a) shows the scalability comparison between the traditional WN and blockchain and 6G-based WN. The traditional WN (4G and 5G) offers high data rates (10 Gbps), low latency (10 ms), and better availability (99.999%); despite this, it is insecure against various security threats that degrade the performance of WN. Contrary, the indispensable characteristic of a 6G network brings improvement in the properties of WN, such as ubiquitous data rates (1 Tbps), low latency (1 ms), high mobility support (1000 km/h), high  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Parameters** & **Values** \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Wireless network layer parameters} \\ \hline Frequency range & 95 GHz \\ Channel bandwidth & 130 MHz \\ Subcarrier spacing & 60 KHz \\ Modulation & OFDM \\ Channel coding & Polar coding \\ Fading channel & comm.RayleighChannel \\ \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{Blockchain layer parameters} \\ \hline Solidity compiler & 0.8.10+commit.fc410830 \\ Remix environment & Injected Web3 \\ Gas limit & 3,000,000 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Simulation parameters of the proposed architecture.  
availability (99.999999%), and high scalability (10\({}^{9}\) devices/sqm). Due to such competency in a 6G network, it is incorporated into the proposed architecture. As a result, the proposed blockchain and a 6G-based WN architecture offer higher scalability than the conventional WN. Furthermore, the 6G network improves network latency and data rates, resulting in a minimal per unit time to store the transaction block compared to the conventional WN. Therefore, it raises the transactions in the blockchain network and augments the network scalability. From the graph, it is evident that the traditional WN has lower scalability due to lower latency and data rates and high per unit time of transaction block compared to a blockchain and a 6G-based WN.  
Figure 9b displays the latency comparison among different conventional WN (4G and 5G) and a 6G-based WN. It is clear from the graph that the 6G-based WN has better latency as compared to the traditional generation of WN, i.e., 4G and 5G. This is because the incorporation of a 6G network propels the WN to offer peak data rates (1 \(\geq\) Tbps), higher mobility (\(\geq\)1000 km/h), low latency (10-100 \(\upmu\)s), high end-user data rate (1 Gb/s), dense connectivity (10\({}^{7}\) devices/km\({}^{2}\)), and higher availability (99.99999%). Consequently, it not only improves the overall performance of WN but also enhances the end-user experience of the application layer in the proposed architecture. The integration of the 6G network not only improves the overall performance of the WN but also improves the scalability of the proposed architecture. Figure 9c illustrates the comparison of packet loss ratio among different conventional WN (4G and 5G) and the proposed blockchain and a 6G-based WN. As discussed, with the essential benefits of a 6G network in the aforementioned section, it is evident that there is a minimal data packet loss in the communication between the application and WN layer of the proposed architecture. From the graph, we can infer that the 6G-based WN has a lower packet loss ratio than a 4G and 5G network. This also motivates to maximize the scalability of the proposed architecture because only a few packets are dropping from the communication, and most of the data packets are securely stored inside the blockchain ledger.  
Figure 9: Result analysis of the proposed architecture. (a) Scalability comparison. (b) Latency comparison. (c) Packet-loss ratio comparison.