## 2 Related Works
* Robust communication and control systems are in place to monitor and maintain the life support systems. * A comprehensive backup system is available in case of failures or malfunctions. The development of autonomous life support systems would significantly reduce the dependence on resupply missions and increase the sustainability of long-duration missions [35]. There are not only technological but also economic factors that play a role in the transition to full autonomy in life support systems for deep space missions:  
* Eliminating or reducing the frequency of resupply missions can significantly reduce the overall mission cost. * Autonomous life support systems can provide a more sustainable and self-sufficient operation, reducing the need for frequent resupply missions. * Reducing the reliance on resupply missions and ensuring autonomous resource replenishment can increase the safety of the crew. * Autonomous life support systems can enable longer missions and increase the operational capabilities of the station, leading to new scientific and exploration opportunities. The important role of the LSS is also found in the fact that, at present, it is these systems that limit the transfer of this class transport systems to a fully autonomous mode. However, the development and implementation of fully autonomous life support systems require significant investment in research and development, which can be a barrier to their widespread adoption. Additionally, there may be challenges in establishing the necessary infrastructure and supply chains for ISRU technologies [36]. These factors must be considered when evaluating the economic feasibility of transitioning to full autonomy in life support systems, especially for deep space missions. The intelligent ecosystem of life support systems must also be cost-effective, considering the cost of development, production, maintenance, and replacement. The overall cost of the mission must be minimized, and the life support system must be designed to minimize the impact on the budget while maintaining the required performance. The decision on the architecture of life support systems must be made at the early stages of their creation, evaluating their effectiveness in terms of cost, reliability, and sustainability [37]. For this purpose, it is advisable to apply life cycle costing models that estimate the costs associated with various components of the system, including the costs of development, production, operation, and maintenance [38; 39; 40]. In Table 1 is an overview of some common life cycle cost (LCC) models often used in assessing complex, long-term technical systems and their brief description, advantages, and disadvantages. The use of life cycle costing models in the early stages of design makes it possible, on the one hand, to ensure that investments are reliable and pay off in the long term, and on the other hand, to identify all potential design problems at an early stage before they become more serious, resulting in cost savings and improved overall productivity. This paper proposes a model for determining the boundary conditions of economic efficiency for various options for building intelligent life support systems for manned autonomous vehicles.