# Simulation-Based Evaluation of V2X System with Variable Computational Infrastructure
## 3 Materials and Methods
### Simulation System  
Selecting an environment or tools for developing a V2X system simulation requires careful consideration of both road traffic and data transmission modeling implementations. A common and widely used combination is OMNeT++ ([[https://omnetpp.org/](https://omnetpp.org/)]([https://omnetpp.org/](https://omnetpp.org/))) coupled with VEINS ([[https://veins.car2x.org/](https://veins.car2x.org/)]([https://veins.car2x.org/](https://veins.car2x.org/))), SUMO ([[https://eclipse.dev/sumo/](https://eclipse.dev/sumo/)]([https://eclipse.dev/sumo/](https://eclipse.dev/sumo/))), and INET ([[https://inet.omnetpp.org/](https://inet.omnetpp.org/)]([https://inet.omnetpp.org/](https://inet.omnetpp.org/))). An alternative is AnyLogic ([[https://www.anylogic.com/](https://www.anylogic.com/)]([https://www.anylogic.com/](https://www.anylogic.com/))), which also offers built-in modules for traffic and road simulation. Here, we consider their respective main advantages. OMNeT++ is a flexible and powerful discrete event simulator widely employed for network simulation. Its modular design supports seamless integration of various components such as VEINS and INET. Its advantages include high customizability, robust community support, and powerful visualization tools. VEINS (Vehicles in Network Simulation) is a framework that bridges road traffic simulation with network interaction simulation. Operating in conjunction with OMNeT++ and SUMO, VEINS provides high-fidelity modeling of both vehicular movement and data transmission. Its strength lies in integrating network models with vehicle models. SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) is a widely adopted open-source road traffic simulator, enabling vehicle movement modeling in urban and suburban environments. SUMO offers a high degree of detail and supports complex traffic scenario simulations. Its advantages encompass integration capabilities with other tools like OMNeT++ and VEINS, alongside a comprehensive feature set for scenario customization. INET is a library for OMNeT++, providing models of network protocols and devices. INET supports various network technologies, including Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and TCP/IP, making it well-suited for modeling data transmission networks in V2X systems. Its advantage lies in its extensive functionality and the ability to model network interactions in detail. AnyLogic is a comprehensive simulation platform offering built-in modules for road traffic and infrastructure modeling. AnyLogic's distinguishing feature is its combination of various modeling paradigms, including discrete events, system dynamics, and agent-based modeling. Its integrated traffic and road simulation module enables the creation and customization of traffic scenarios without requiring external simulator integration. AnyLogic's intuitive interface and capacity for the rapid development of complex models are advantageous. Analysis of the presented tools revealed that each environment possesses its own advantages. However, a comprehensive approach is required to address the challenge of building a model for evaluating a V2X system with variable computational infrastructure within the proposed V2X element interaction framework (Figure 1). The reviewed software tools necessitate additional configuration and often cannot fully address the problem under consideration. Therefore, we deem it appropriate to develop custom simulation-based software. Furthermore, extending the functionality of certain closed systems presented challenges. Given these circumstances, we opted to explore an alternative approach for creating the simulation system using Python. To summarize, we outline the main reasons for developing custom software rather than relying on existing applications:  
1. Addressing such a comprehensive problem often requires using not a single simulation tool but a suite of applications. Our goal was to implement V2X system functionality within a single program. 2.