# A Highly Interactive Honeypot-Based Approach to Network Threat Management
## 1 Introduction  
The development of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, computers and Internet technology is transforming diverse facets of human society. Simultaneously, fresh information security and network security threats are constantly emerging, and the potentially devastating effects are increasingly prominent. There is a serious asymmetry in network attack and defense. Traditional information security and network security technologies, such as cryptography, firewalls, intrusion detection, and authentication, all share a common characteristic: passive defensiveness. These technologies adopt passive security strategies and cannot make an instant response to the attacker's behavior. The evolution of attack behavior in recent times has rendered traditional technologies incapable of preemptively detecting and preventing network attacks. Instead, these technologies can only reproduce the attack behavior after the attack has occurred, thereby merelysupplementing existing defense measures [1]. Such an approach falls short of meeting the current demands of network protection. Honeypot technology serves as an active defense strategy that can effectively supplement the limitations of traditional network protection measures. The concept of honeypots was first introduced in 1991 by [PERSON] in his book \"The Cuckoo's Egg\". At that time, only some professional network security personnel would trace the attackers through some hosts that were actually attacked. Starting in 1998, honeypot technology attracted a group of developers who developed a series of honeypot tools, such as DTK developed by [PERSON], and Honeyd developed by [PERSON]. Honeypot technology, which rose in 1999, aims to convert passive network defense into active defense. Through active interaction with intruders, users can gain valuable insights into their motives, intentions, and means. This approach offers a technical solution for predicting network security trends and identifying potential threats before a formal attack occurs. By doing so, it can help mitigate the harm caused to network infrastructure by malicious attack behavior. Nowadays, honeypot technology has only been born for more than 20 years, but its maturity and popularity have reached a very high level domestically and internationally. According to [PERSON]'s definition, the honeypot is an information system resource whose value lies in being used unauthenticated and illegally. In other words, a honeypot is a deliberately crafted trap that can be created in either a virtual or real network environment. Its purpose is to lure attackers, identify malevolent activities, and gather data on attack tactics, tools, and objectives. The information gathered from honeypots is used to analyze the vulnerabilities of both attackers and the systems being imitated. This analysis indirectly facilitates the protection of the actual network environment [2]. Our research focuses on current honeypot technology and we have found that high-interaction honeypots, as discussed in \"The difference between high-interaction honeypots and low-interaction honeypots\" and \"Design and implementation of highly interactive honeypots\", are more effective at deceiving attackers and attracting their attention. These honeypots simulate realistic FTP and HTTP services and can create 'bauited' files to gather in-depth information on hacker behavior. However, if a highly skilled hacker successfully infiltrates the site and takes control of the system, it will completely expose the network environment that should be protected, which poses a huge security risk. The article \"Application and research of honeypot technology in information security defense\" simply describes several core modules of honeypots but does not specify the implementation principle of honeypot application, which is not conducive to the wide application of honeypot technology. In this study, we present a detailed overview of our designed honeypot management system model.