## 3 Results
### Driving Analysis of Influencing Factors
#### 3.3.2 Analysis of Climate Change and Human Activity Drivers of the NEP  
Based on Equation (3), the inter-annual trend in vegetation carbon sinks in the Taihang Mountains Region from 2000 to 2022 can be estimated, and combined with the residual  
Figure 10: Results of natural factor interaction detection and their correlation analysis. Figure 9: Types of natural factor interaction detection. analysis of multiple regression, Equations (10) and (11) are used to calculate the linear trend rate of \(NEP_{cc}\) and \(NEP_{ha}\). Its value Slope > 0 indicates that climate change or human activities have a facilitating effect on vegetation carbon sinks, and vice versa, there is an inhibiting effect. In order to better evaluate the driving effect of the two factors on NEP, the effects were classified into six levels in this paper (Table 3). Further visualising the extent of their impacts yields Figure 11, where the effects of climate change and human activities on NEP in the Taihang Mountain area vary considerably and show great spatial heterogeneity. Combined with Figure 11, about 72.8% of the areas in the Taihang Mountains show that climate change has a slight contribution to the change in NEP impacts, which can also be expressed as an insignificant effect; about 20% of the areas show that climate change has a moderate contribution to NEP, which is mainly concentrated in Taiyuan and Jinzhong of Shanxi Province, which have higher terrain and are subject to the significant effect of DEM factors. In contrast to climate change, the impact of anthropogenic activities on NEP is significantly different and is basically \"Lean to One Side\". More than 95% of the area shows a moderate to strong contribution to NEP, and of these, more than 50% of the total area significantly and very significantly contribute, especially in the northern and western parts of the Taihang Mountains, where anthropogenic impacts are extremely pronounced. By dissecting the hierarchical spatial distribution of the impacts of climate change and human activities on NEP, further differentiating the dominant drivers of NEP changes in the Taihang Mountains, calculating and visualising the contribution of climate change and human activities to NEP changes, i.e., using \(NEP_{cc}\) and \(NEP_{ha}\), respectively, and comparing them with the values of carbon sinks of vegetation obtained from the NEP-based estimation model, we obtained the spatial distribution of the contribution rates shown in Figure 12.  
Figure 11: Spatial distribution of the impact of climate change and human activities on NEP from 2000 to 2022. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Slope** & \(\leq\)**-2** & \(-\)**2-0** & **0-2** & **2-4** & **4–6** & \(\geq\)**6** \\ \hline Degree of Impact & Moderate inhibition & \multirow{2}{*}{Slight inhibition} & \multirow{2}{*}{Slight contribution} & \multirow{2}{*}{Moderate contribution} & \multirow{2}{*}{Clear-Cut contribution} & Extremely obvious contribution \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Grading of impacts of climate change and human activities on NEP. Overall, the contribution of climate change to NEP changes in the Taihang Mountains is much smaller than that of human activities. The contribution of climate change to NEP changes in the Taihang Mountains is concentrated in the 0-40% range, which accounts for more than 90% of the total area of the Taihang Mountains, with 51.6% and 42.5% of the area in the 0-20% and 20-40% ranges, respectively, contributing to climate change. In addition, the area with a climate change contribution rate of more than 60% is very small, less than 1%, and more scattered, mainly located in Yangquan, Jincheng, and Jiaozuo. Distinguishing from climate change factors, the contribution of anthropogenic activities to NEP changes within more than 90% of the Taihang Mountains area is more than 60 per cent, indicating that the contribution of NEP changes is basically driven by anthropogenic activities.