# Preparations for Galileo PRS in Poland
## 5 Polish Contribution for the PRS
### GNSS Jamming Tests in a Controlled Laboratory Environment
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Google**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Huawei**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Samsung**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Sony**} \\  & **GAL** & **GPS** & **GAL** & **GPS** & **GAL** & **GPS** & **GAL** & **GPS** \\ \hline \multicolumn{8}{c}{INT2-Three Continuous Waves} \\ \hline Impact Level & N/A & N/A & Low & Medium & N/A & High & High \\ C/1 Cut-off Level [dB] & N/A & N/A & N/D & N/D & N/A & \(-\)40 & \(-\)45 \\ C/1 Degradation Level [dB] & N/A & N/A & \(-\)45 & \(-\)55 & N/A & N/A & N/D & N/D \\ \multicolumn{8}{c}{INT3-Wideband AWGN Noise L1/E1 60 MHz} \\ \hline Impact Level & N/A & N/A & Medium & High & N/A & N/A & High & High \\ C/1 Cut-off Level [dB] & N/A & N/A & \(-\)38 & \(-\)38 & N/A & N/A & \(-\)36 & \(-\)36 \\ C/1 Degradation level [dB] & N/A & N/A & \(-\)30 & \(-\)35 & N/A & N/A & \(-\)35 & \(-\)30 \\ \multicolumn{8}{c}{INT6-Sweep} \\ \hline Sweep 5 kHz/100 μs & N/A & N/A & High & High & N/A & N/A & Medium & Medium \\ Sweep 10 kHz/100 μs & N/A & N/A & High & High & N/A & N/A & Medium & Low \\ Sweep 20 kHz/100 μs & N/A & N/A & High & High & N/A & N/A & Medium & Low \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Impact level of various interferences for dynamic jamming tests. DOPs degradation was observed from the beginning of the jamming signal occurrence and where the inability to determine the position occurred the earliest. All the smartphones, except for Huawei, eventually lost their positioning ability while facing the INT2 interferer. Huawei was partially resistant to this jamming signal and, for Galileo, it was not affected at all. In the GPS scenario, though, at high levels of interference, its positioning accuracy decreased rapidly. In the case of the dynamic tests, the most significant impact was noticed for the Sony in the Galileo mode, where in all the scenarios, the smartphone lost its ability to determine its position. In the GPS mode, it was capable of positioning, but only at the lowest tested interference level. In the case of Huawei and Galileo, the accuracy of the determined position was slightly decreased at high INT2 levels, and in the GPS mode, the position accuracy rapidly decreased after exceeding the CIR level of \(-\)55 dB, which was also observed in the static tests. INT3 (Wideband AWGN noise L1/E1 60 MHz), one of the most popular jamming signals, had a significant impact on all the tested smartphones in both the static and dynamic tests. In the case of the static test, the influence of the increasing interference level added to the GNSS signals was observed as the degradation of the quality of the signal decoded in the receiver for each satellite (denoted as the SNR level). The degradation rate was equal for GPS and Galileo. Further, the DOPs values were disturbed and deteriorated. The only exception was the Huawei in the Galileo scenario, which was almost unaffected. The most harmful impact was noticed for the Sony smartphone in both the Galileo and GPS cases, where INT3 caused the DOPs' degradation from the very beginning of the jamming signal occurrence. All the smartphones, except for Huawei, lost their positioning ability. Huawei was partially resilient to that jamming signal, and for the Galileo mode, it was almost unaffected; but in the GPS mode, at high levels of the INT3 signal, its ability to determine its position was lost. In the case of the dynamic tests, the most harmful impact was noticed for the Sony in both the Galileo and GPS scenarios, where the positioning accuracy rapidly decreased after exceeding the CIR level of \(-\)30 dB; for higher CIR levels, the smartphone gradually lost its positioning ability altogether. Huawei in the Galileo mode remained almost unaffected in the static tests, but during the dynamic tests, its positioning accuracy decreased as the interference increased, and eventually it lost its positioning ability in both the Galileo and GPS scenarios. The most significant impact of this interference can be observed for the Sony smartphone in both the Galileo and GPS modes.