# Logistics Service Provider Lifecycle Model in Industry 4.0: A Review
## 4 Concept of Logistic Service Provider Lifecycle Model (LSLM)
### The Beginning of Life (BOL) Phase
#### 4.1.3 Long-Term Relationship  
A long-term relationship fulfils strategy and tactics in the logistics function to cover customer requests that progress sustainable LSP companies in the marketplace [89], addressing customer satisfaction by logistics companies [8; 92]. Relation criteria are focused on reliance on clients to develop consideration and brand loyalty [54; 93]. Legal and government contracts lead suppliers and buyers into long-term relationships [76; 92].  
Sub-Criteria of Customer Preference for Service Providers in the Whole Lifecycle  
Fulfilling customer responses has a substantial value creation to sustain companies in creating long-term horizontal relationships to support customer fulfilment, and has three parts, namely, strategy, tactics, and operations, which ultimately result in customer satisfaction [94]. PSS can be improved by a flexible service or a quick response, a crucial key success factor for LSPs to expedite customer needs [73; 95]. Customer satisfaction has been accomplished in supply chain activities (after-safe service and maintaining service maintenance) by using a Digital Supply Chain Network (DSN), Internet of Things (IoT), and E-Supply chain [76]. Moreover, service providers' logistics performance and excellent service skills play crucial roles in responding to customer needs [96]. Real-time data information, autonomous responses, information sharing, and responses to social networks,e.g., GPS, RFID, censorship, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, are effective tools to tackle customer needs [26; 28; 34; 55; 85; 97; 98].  
Sub-Criteria of Supporting the Customer in Case of a Problem  
Customer satisfaction is an emphasis criterion in logistics services to satisfy the customer. Professional customer service is concerned with LSPs maintaining long-term relationships in the global market to generate trust and loyalty [26; 54; 91]. Short-term relationships will be formed by quickly responding to a customer who is concerned with comparing the lowest cost [26]. By auto-responding, the E-Supply chain is quick to respond to customer demand [31; 53]. Commitment is meaningfully concentrated in a service market to establish customer trust and loyalty [8; 94]. A balance needs to be achieved between logistics costs and logistics performance [8; 26; 96].  
Sub-Criteria of Transparent Collaboration with the LSP  
In global market economies, supply chain collaboration is a necessary success factor to improve customer trust and commitment [99]. LSPs are a crucial part of supply chain management to add value to supply chain collaborations. Transparent collaboration with LSPs has a high potential to fulfil customer satisfaction to maintain efficiency and effectiveness for long-term relationships throughout the supply chain [74; 100]. Levels of supply chain collaboration can be separated into three parts, basic, developing, and advanced, which conclude an excellent relationship between buyer and supplier for contact [100]. Supply chain collaboration involves sharing compelling information and needs to analyze data information, customer suggestion data, value performance, release cost effect data, risk information, and customer satisfaction data [26; 31; 97; 101]. Also, inter-information sharing is an integral part of sharing information through supply chains [102], using intra-information data to acknowledge skill learning experience, joint performance [80], and long contracts. Efficiency should be improved to operate supply chain information skills to manage each operational performance [66], such as forecasting production planning, reducing the bullwhip effect in inventory, and managing route transfer transportation.