# Towards the Feasibility of Long Range Wireless Power Transfer over an Ocean Surface
## 4 Discussion
This evanescent wave is unfortunately not a surface plasma wave in the sense that the wave itself unlikely carries any electric charge. Indeed, this may be the reason why no power was received at the receiving end without an antenna. However, charges can be obtained from the atmospheric electrostatic field through a suspended metal objects such as the top of a monopole antenna. Equations (21)-(25) serve as a simplified proof that this evanescent wave can be loaded with electric charges with the help of an antenna. In the frequency spectrum, the frequency shifts of the resonant peaks from low to high are another indication of a rapid change in the permittivity [40]. Indeed, our experimental results have proven that the key to harvest an energy from this evanescent wave is a highly suspended monopole antenna. According to the results presented in Section 3.4, a wireless power was detected on the contact surface of a polar substance under a high-voltage stress. However, no matter how high the voltage was, no wireless power was detected on the surface of a non-polar substance such as oil. Obviously, high voltage stress alone cannot elevate the surface conductivity of a non-polar substance, as opposed to the general findings in some other studies [31; 32; 33; 34; 35]. The experimental outcome as presented in Section 3.4 clearly contradicted the [PERSON]'s theory of surface waves which propagate along an interface between two homogeneous media having different dielectric constants. Whilst wireless power transfer was the primary goal of this work, the findings associated with experiments as presented in Section 3.4 strongly suggest that the proposed methodology wireless power transfer can be used for identifying the polarity of a substance. More work needs to be done in this area. At the time of this writing, long range wireless power is still believed to be an unresolved issue. However, our experimental results suffice to prove the following facts:  
* A high-voltage surface wave can be wirelessly transmitted along a curved or highly bent interface between a low-loss dielectric medium and a high-loss polar dielectric medium. * Even though tap water has very little conductivity, the high-voltage surface electromagnetic wave can propagate along the surface of a tap water and be delivered to multiple loads at the expense of the transmission efficiency. * It was possible to deliver a high-voltage surface electromagnetic wave to multiple loads, if and only if each of the loads is individually connected to a vertically mounted monopole antenna. * The salinity level of the water can enhance the transmission efficiency to a significant extent. * As a byproduct of this work, a live-wire detector can operate without any human contact if its metal top is connected to an antenna which reaches a great height or is suspended in mid-air. * As a byproduct of this work, the results of this work can be used to test if a substance is polar or not. * The transmission efficiencies as a function of the propagation distance have been measured under three different antenna heights. The measured results suggest that the correlation between the antenna height and the propagation distance in general obeys the [PERSON]'s law of transmission. Wireless power transfer has been proven to be feasible along an air/metal interface [43], but this proof is not going to be enough to convince the world of the feasibility of long range wireless power transfer. For the first time, however, the results of this work have proven the feasibility of wireless power transfer on a surface of a tap water or salted water. The results of this work have strongly implicated the feasibility of wireless energy transfer between boats in an ocean. The results of this work further suggest that the methodology of this work can be used to detect if a substance is polar or non-polar.