## 4 Results  
This section seeks to address stages three, four and five of DSRM presented in Figure 1.  
To select the optimal levels for the iPad Pro LiDAR scanning parameters, three objects with different geometries were chosen as calibration targets. These objects are as follows:  
1. Parallelepiped Game Box (featuring a simple geometry): This object is a rectangular parallelepiped with six rectangular faces and right angles, representing one of the simplest scanned geometries. It was selected to provide reference measurements in a clear and straightforward manner. In addition, it is important to highlight that this object has no significant color variations across its faces, as all are uniformly white. The dimensions of this object are: Length (a) = 35.4 cm, Depth (b) = 25 cm,  
Figure 1: Research method. Height (c) = 5.7 cm. These dimensions were used to calculate the object volume resulting in a value of Volume (V) = 5044.50 cm\({}^{3}\). Figure 2a shows an image of this object with its corresponding dimensions. 2. Block of Cubes (featuring different colors in simple geometries): This object consists of three Rubik's cubes assembled in a block, each with a different size (I) and volume (V). Its dimensions are as follows: Cube 1: l\({}_{1}\) = 5.2 cm, V\({}_{1}\) = 140.61 cm\({}^{3}\); Cube 2: l\({}_{2}\) = 5.6 cm, V\({}_{2}\) = 175.62 cm\({}^{3}\); and Cube 3: l\({}_{3}\) = 5 cm, V\({}_{3}\) = 125.00 cm\({}^{3}\). The total volume (V\({}_{\rm total}\)) is 5845.72 cm\({}^{3}\). This object was selected to examine the effects of different colors on the performance of the scanning device. It is important to highlight that this feature could be beneficial for scanning or measurement techniques that rely on light reflection, such as LiDAR, as the variety of surfaces generates richer and more varied data. A picture of the object is presented in Figure 2b. 3. Sculpture (featuring complex geometries): This object is a Buddha sculpture (Figure 2c), selected for its complexity, as unlike the previous two objects, it does not have flat faces. For measurements, the height of the sculpture and two additional reference dimensions marked by specific points were considered. Additionally, its volume was measured using Archimedes' principle by observing the volume of water displaced by the object. The dimensions are as follows: Height (h) = 19.8 cm, Measurement 1 (m\({}_{1}\)) = 12.6 cm, Measurement 2 (m\({}_{2}\)) = 2.1 cm, and Volume (V) = 360 cm\({}^{3}\). A photo of this object is shown in Figure 2 together with its considered measurements. For the experimental design, five modeling parameters were considered for each of the three objects. Based on parameter values from related studies (summarized in Table 1), three levels were defined for each parameter:  
* Distance to Object: 0.5 m, 1.0 m, and 4.0 m.
* Scanning Speed: slow (0.38 m/s), medium (0.7 m/s), and fast (1.26 m/s). * Sensor Angle: 0\({}^{\circ}\), 30\({}^{\circ}\), and variable (greater than 30\({}^{\circ}\)). * Environmental Lighting:
* Natural: ambient daylight. * Artificial with Low Light: four 35 W light bulbs placed 2.5 m away (Figure 3a). * Artificial with High Light: four 35 W light bulbs at 3 m, plus a 15 W bulb positioned 60 cm from the object (Figure 3b). * Number of Scanning Passes: 1, 2, and 4. Figure 2: Studied objects: (**a**) Parallelepiped Game Box, (**b**) Block of [PERSON]’s cubes, and (**c**) Buddha shape sculpture. The combination of each parameter and their levels results in \(3^{5}\) (243) experiments. To reduce this number, [PERSON]'s orthogonal arrays were employed. Specifically, we used the L18 array, which allows for the analysis of up to one parameter at two levels and seven parameters at three levels, requiring only 18 tests.