# A Literature Review of Parameter-Based Models for Walkability Evaluation
## 3 Results and Discussion
### GIS-Based Research and Theoretical Approach
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Abbrev.** & **Collect. Meth.** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Level of** \\ **Appl.** \\ \end{tabular} & **Unit** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Users** \\ **Adjusted:** \\ \end{tabular} & **Aspect** & **Subj./Obj.** & **Qual./Quant** & **Reliability** \\ \hline PHOA & Thr & Mic & A, S & P, B & W, B & O & Qt & *** \\ SEID & Thr & Mic & S & P & W & O & Qt, Ql & ** \\ NEWS & FDC, Q & Mic & S, A & P, B & W & S & Qt & *** \\ MAPS & FDC, Q & Mic & S, A, P & P & PA & O & QI & *** \\ NBOT & FDC & Mic & S & P & W, B & O & Qt & ** \\ IMI & FDC, CK & Mic & S & P & P & O & Qt, QI & *** \\ S-VAT & DDC & Mic & S & P, B & PA & O & Qt & ** \\ COURAGE & Thr & Mic & S & P & PA, K & O & QI & ** \\ ANC & FDC & Mic & S & P & P & O & QI & *** \\ SPACES & FDC & Mic & S & P, B & PA & S, O & QI & *** \\ EPOCH & FDC & Mic & S & P & H, W & S, O. & QI & ** \\ PWA & Thr & Mic & S & P & T & O & QI & ** \\ WAC & FDC, CK & Mic & S & P & B & O & QI & ** \\ SWEAT & FDC & Mic & S & P & P & O & QI & *** \\ IPAQ & FDC & Mic & S & P & H & S, O & Qt, QI & ** \\ PWI & Thr & Mac & S, A & P & W, T & O & Qt & ** \\ IPEN & Thr & Mac & S & P & PA, W, T & S, O & Qt & *** \\ RSA & FDC, CK & Mic & S, A, P & P, B & W, T & O & Qt & *** \\ PLOS & FDC & Mic & S & P, B & W & O & Qt & *** \\ GSWI & Thr & Mic & S & P & W & O & Qt & ** \\ PEDS & FDC, CK & Mic & S & P & W, B & S, O & QI & *** \\ PEAT & FDC & Mic & S & P, B & W & O & QI & * \\ AA & Thr & Mac & S & P, B & W, T & O & QI & * \\ FSI & Thr & Mac & S & P & W & O & QI & *** \\ PARA & CK & Mac & S, A & P & PA & O & Qt & ** \\ AHP & Thr & Mic & S, P, A & P & T, W & O & QI & * \\ UHTS & Thr & Mic & S, A & P, B & T, PA, W & S/O & QI & * \\ PEQI & FDC, CK & Mic & S, A & P & B, W, T & O & Qt & *** \\ PARK & FDC & Mic & S, A & P & PA, H & O & QI & ** \\ CUBEST & FDC & Mic & S, A & P, B & PA, W & O & Qt & *** \\ PERS & FDC, DDC, CK & Mic & S, A, P & P & W, T & O & Qt, QI & *** \\ V-STEPS & FDC & Mic & S & P, B & W, T & O & QI & *** \\ APARS & S & Mic & S & P & PA & O & Qt & *** \\ PANES & Q & Mic & S & P, B & PA, W & S & QI & ** \\ GRAD & Q & Mic & S & P & PA, H & O & Qt & * \\ EAPRS & FDC & Mic & A & P & PA & S & QI & ** \\ WSI & DDC & Mic & S & P, B & O & QI, Qt & ** \\ SAT & CK & Mic & S & P & T & O & QI & *** \\ PSQI & Thr & Mic & S, A & P & PA & O & QI, Qt & ** \\ T-WSI & FDC & Mic & S & P & PA & S & QI & *** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: List of relevant methodologies/instruments selected for the analysis—in general. The number of each parameter over the mentioned 31 subgroups are as follows: Land-use subgroup, 5 item types; Motor traffic, 13 item types; Non-motor traffic--Pedestrians, 23 item types; Non-motor traffic--Bicyclists, 8 item types; Accessibility, 8 item types; Safety--Crime, 9 item types; Safety--Traffic, 5 item types; Comfort--Pedestrians, 6 item types; Comfort--Bicyclists, 1 item type; Conflicts, 1 item type; Speed, 1 item type; Vehicle type, 2 item type; Vehicle volume, 9 item types; Safety, 3 item types; Perception, 27 item types; Intersection, 10 item type; Imageability, 6 item types; Enclosure, 4 item types; Human scale, 4 item types; Transparency, 4 item type; Amenities, 6 item type; Pollution, 6 item type; Environment, 13 item type; Public art, 1 item type; Public spaces, 1 item type; Building architecture, 1 item type; Street design, 1 item type; Landscape, 5 item type; Complexity, 5 item type; Attractiveness, 1 item type; General atmosphere, 1 item type. The complete database of evaluation items, sorted according to groups and subgroups, with a preview of the matching items in the observed evaluation instrument is given in Table S1, provided in the Supplementary Materials.