# The Evaluation of Industry 5.0 Concepts: Social Network Analysis Approach
## 3 Methodology  
### Data Collection  
The dataset for this research was obtained in 2022, as a part of the European Manufacturing Survey (EMS). The data collection process was performed in four stages: (1) collecting information about the manufacturing companies in the Republic of Serbia; (2) contacting the companies; (3) sending the survey; and (4) gathering that data. The authors chose the Republic of Serbia to represent developing countries due to the previous literature in the manufacturing sector, which identified this country as a notable example within the research consortium of the European Manufacturing Survey. The survey was coordinated by the Fraunhofer ISI from Germany. The Serbian industry consists of 2489 manufacturing firms--4% are micro firms, meaning that they have less than 20 employees, 62% are small firms with 20 to 49 employees, 26% are medium-sized firms with 50 to 249 employees, while the rest (8%) are large firms with more than 250 employees. The five most common manufacturing sectors are the manufacture of food products (19.6%); the manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment (14.5%); the manufacture of rubber and plastic products (7.6%); the manufacture of wearing apparel (7.2%); and the manufacture of machinery and equipment n. e. c. (5.3%). As well as being grouped by their size and manufacturing sector, the firms are also grouped by the district they belong to--21.3% are from the Belgrade district, 9.9% are from the South Backa district, 7.6% are from the Srem district, 5.6% are from the Zlatibor district, and 5.3% are from the Morava district. According to the Serbian population and the consortium's guidelines, a sample for this research was created. The sample included 800 firms in total--56% were small firms, 30% were medium firms, and 10% were large firms. The remaining 4% were micro firms, which could not take part in the research, according to the guidelines. The five most common manufacturing sectors in this sample were the manufacture of food products (19%); the manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment (14.1%); the manufacture of rubber and plastic products (7.8%); the manufacture of wearing apparel (7.4%); and the manufacture of machinery and equipment n. e. c. (5%). The five most common Serbian districts in the sample were Belgrade (18%), South Backa (9.8%), Srem (6.9%), Zlatibor (5.9%), and Morava (5.6%). The companies that could take part in this survey must be manufacturing companies that have more than 20 employees. In order to satisfy the criteria, the Agency for Business Registers in the Republic of Serbia has given a dataset that provides all manufacturing companies with more than 20 employees founded in the Republic of Serbia. Secondly, the firms were contacted by phone calls. The phone calls were directed to the production managers or CEOs of the companies, since they were the ones who should fill in the survey. During the phone call, more information about EMS was given so that the firm's representative could decide to give consent for taking part in the survey. The next stage required sending the survey to all the firms that agreed to take part. The first round of the sending process was conducted the following day after obtaining consent. If the answer has not been received in a period of two weeks, the second round of the sending process was performed, when reminders for filling in the survey were sent. Finally, after collecting all the answers, data from the surveys were gathered in a spreadsheet, which was followed by a deeper analysis. The final sample for this research gathered data from 146 firms. These firms were divided into three groups--small firms that have from 20 to 49 employees, medium firms that have 50 to 249 employees, and big firms that have more than 250 employees, presented in Table 1. This firm size distribution scale is based on manufacturing innovations, defined by the European Manufacturing Survey's consortium [53].