# Methodology to Assess Sustainable Mobility in LATAM Cities
## 3 Results
### Key Performance Indicators
#### 3.2.1 Accessibility
_Source:_ google maps ([[https://www.google.com.mx/maps](https://www.google.com.mx/maps)]([https://www.google.com.mx/maps](https://www.google.com.mx/maps)), accessed on 19 June 2021) and Municipios de México ([[https://www.los-municipios.mx/precios-gasolina-saltillo.html](https://www.los-municipios.mx/precios-gasolina-saltillo.html)]([https://www.los-municipios.mx/precios-gasolina-saltillo.html](https://www.los-municipios.mx/precios-gasolina-saltillo.html)), accessed on 19 June 2021). Vehicles for the Mobility of People and GoodsFor Saltillo, both the database of registered vehicles in the area and an additional 2019 RSD monitoring campaign were considered for the fleet composition analysis. The database of registered vehicles in the area was obtained through the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (SCT). This database was updated until 2020 with approximately 308,700 vehicles which represent approximately 0.31 vehicles per capita. This database details the vehicle origin (municipality where it was registered), service (public, private, and official), fuel type, model year, vehicle line, and sub-line. An analysis of the database of the vehicles registered in Saltillo shows median age of \(\sim\)15 years for all vehicles. The fleet is composed mainly of +10-year-old vehicles (67%), which implies a higher presence of technologically obsolete vehicles with very high mileage. The entire registered vehicle fleet is almost entirely composed of gasoline vehicles (99%), with almost no presence of diesel, GNC, LGP, and hybrid/electric vehicles. Additionally, more than 99% of the vehicles registered in the city are of private properties, with less than 1% of public, federal, and state vehicles. Public transport in Saltillo is covered by 894 buses, which results in around 345 buses per private vehicle. However, the composition of circulating vehicles obtained with the RSD campaign has more relevance in terms of mobility because it sampled the actual vehicles running in the city. The RSD campaign was carried out by the Mexican National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change (INECC) in 2019 between 26 and 30 August measuring 19,003 vehicles in five different locations of the Metropolitan Area of Saltillo using a FEAT RSD4600. Finally, 12,233 valid records were obtained in this study after considering only plate-matched vehicles within the device thresholds. Details of the campaign can be found in reference [58]. When considering only the circulating vehicles through the RSD campaign previously mentioned, it was found, as expected, that newer vehicles tend to have higher vehicular activity (Figure 6a). The median age of circulating vehicles reduces substantially from 8.1 to 6 years old. Figure 6b,c show the characteristics of the vehicles that circulate in Saltillo in terms of vehicle line, and sub-line. It is observed that close to 45% of the market is covered by two vehicle brands, while almost 10% of the vehicles correspond to one vehicle sub-line (Nissan Sentra, locally known as Tsuru). This latter observation is of great importance because this vehicle model is still widely used as a taxicab in Mexico. It is based on outdated technology that was commercialized between 1990 and 1993 in the US, while in Mexico, it was still widely sold as brand new until 2017 with almost no changes. This difference in model-year technologies has a major impact on emissions. The motorization rate in Saltillo in 2014 was 314 vehicles/1000 habitants. In the last 15 years, the vehicle fleet increased by 150,000 cars. Car purchases are concentrated in higher-income segments. However, due to factors such as easy access to credit and the long-life cycle of vehicles, car purchases in low-income sectors have increased [59]. For cargo and goods transportation, the Saltillo Metropolitan Area also uses two railway lines, Kansas City Southern and Ferromex, which ease the mobility of cargo from the industrial zone of Saltillo and Ramos Arizpe.