# A Survey of GIS and IoT Integration: Applications and Architecture
## 5 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Application** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**The Role of GIS**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**The Role of IoT**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Advantages of IoT-GIS**} \\  & & & & & **Integration** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Urban Infrastructure} & \(\bullet\) & In phases of Planning, designing, constructing, and operating of & \(\bullet\) & Sensing & \\  & development of an & \(\bullet\) & providing network & \(\bullet\) & A catalyst and \\  & & infrastructure & \(\bullet\) & services & & supplement in efficient \\  & & development of an & \(\bullet\) & energy-related & & managing systems \\  & & infrastructure & & optimization & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Transportation} & \(\bullet\) & Planning, design, & & & & \\  & maintenance, & & & & & \\  & and decision-making & \(\bullet\) & Sensor system & \(\bullet\) & Visualization \\  & \(\bullet\) & Map view, navigational & \(\bullet\) & Monitoring systems & \(\bullet\) & Enhancement situational \\  & & view, and behavioral view & & & awareness \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Disaster Management} & \(\bullet\) & Digital maps & \(\bullet\) & (Real-time) information & \(\bullet\) & Enhancement of \\  & \(\bullet\) & Mapping & Collection & & management system \\  & & Simulation tool & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Environment Monitoring} & \(\bullet\) & Data management & \(\bullet\) & Data collection & \(\bullet\) & Enhancement of \\  & \(\bullet\) & Visualization & \(\bullet\) & Real-time monitoring & & management and \\  & & & & & & decision making \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Agriculture} & \(\bullet\) & Minimizing soil erosion & \(\bullet\) & Measuring agricultural & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Preserving biodiversity & \(\bullet\) & factors & \(\bullet\) & Improving the defects of \\  & \(\bullet\) & Simulating the effects of & \(\bullet\) & Image sensing for & & mere geospatial analysis \\  & & climate change & & monitoring changes & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Utilities} & \(\bullet\) & Optimizing municipal & & & & \\  & system & Vehicle routing and & & & & \\  & scheduling & & & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Help decision makers in & \(\bullet\) & Real-time managing and & \(\bullet\) & Faster decision making \\  & & analyzing and simulating & & monitoring–remote & in managing and \\  & & different scenarios & & management & & controlling utility \\  & \(\bullet\) & Providing modelling & & & & systems \\  & \(\bullet\) & framework & & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Mapping & & & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Digital maps & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Healthcare} & \(\bullet\) & Analyzing spatial & & & & \\  & distribution of diseases & \(\bullet\) & Monitor physiological & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Planning location-based & & statuses of patients & \(\bullet\) & Visualization \\  & & services & & remotely & & \\  & \(\bullet\) & Enhancing accessibility of & \(\bullet\) & Evaluation of medical & & monitoring systems \\  & \(\bullet\) & Cartographic operations & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: A summary of the role of GIS, IoT, and IoT-GIS in different domains. essential part of monitoring which can be accessed through the integration of GIS and IoT. Integration of GIS in IoT. By analyzing Sections 3 and 4.3, the connections between elements of IoT and GIS can be concluded as indicated in Figure 4.  
As illustrated in Figure 4, sensing in IoT and acquisition and management of data in GIS can be pertained to each other. In other words, the sensing element can provide the data needed in GIS. Computation in IoT, which involves processing the data, can utilize the analysis offered by GIS to deal with geospatial and non-geospatial data. The potentialities of visualization-data display-offered by GIS can be helpful in services. The noticeable point of Figure 4 is that each element of GIS is somehow connected to IoT which indicates the various types of benefiting from GIS in IoT-based systems.