## 1 Introduction  
Water is the source of life, while soil forms the bedrock of existence. Soil erosion, a global environmental threat, leads to regional impoverishment and hampers societal advancement, thereby constraining sustainable regional development [1, 2]. Recognizing its gravity, the United Nations has designated it a primary global environmental priority. China stands out among nations grappling with soil erosion [3], with Hebei Province bearing a significant burden [4]. The surge of human civilization, industrialization, and rapid urbanization escalates surface disturbances and exacerbates vegetation degradation, culminating in aggravated soil erosion [2, 5]. This erosive process further triggers soil degradation, diminished crop yields, and ecological deterioration, which pose grave challenges to socioeconomic progress and human well-being [1, 2, 6]. As a result, combating soil erosion and establishing a stable, self-sustaining ecosystem have emerged as pivotal imperatives in contemporary global environmental conservation. Several studies underscore the pivotal role of soil and water conservation measures in mitigating soil erosion, with tangible successes in practical applications [6, 7, 8, 9]. For instance, [PERSON] (2022) provided a comprehensive review of Ethiopia's agricultural practices, such as mixed cropping, strip planting, fallowing, intercropping, crop rotation, mulching, contour farming, tillage, and agroforestry, and their roles in soil and water conservation [6]. [PERSON]. (2014) summarized the achievements of conservation agriculture in soil and water conservation [9]. The crux of soil and water conservation hinges on adopting a spectrum of measures, including prevention or reduction of soil erosion, compaction, salinization, as well as water-saving and drainage practices, all aimed at restoring or enhancing the productive potential of degraded lands, encompassing soil, water resources, and vegetation components [10; 11; 12; 13; 14]. In ecological protection, soil and water conservation assumes an irreplaceable role. By safeguarding soil and water bodies, ameliorating the impacts of natural disasters, and augmenting biodiversity, soil and water conservation bolsters the well-being of natural ecosystems and fosters conducive conditions for the sustainable development of human societies [2]. Vegetation establishment is pivotal in ecological engineering as a critical linkage to harmonize environmental and developmental goals [15]. Studies conducted by [PERSON] et al. (2019) and [PERSON] et al. (2023) have substantiated soil bioengineering via the roots method in mitigating soil erosion [16; 17]. This strategy, anchored in augmenting vegetative cover, leverages plant root systems to anchor soil effectively, reducing splash erosion, curtailing surface runoff, and elevating soil permeability [6; 16; 17]. Concurrently, the plant canopy disperses rainfall across its leaf surfaces, thus decelerating the direct impact of raindrops and preparing to intercept precipitation [18; 19]. This process aids in preventing soil particles from being dislodged and eroded by rainwater, consequently mitigating the risk of soil erosion [20]. Moreover, decaying plant matter enriches the soil's organic content, thereby enhancing soil structure and fertility [21]. China has embarked on proactive efforts toward ecological and environmental development in recent years. However, challenges persist in biological soil and water conservation, with varying regions grappling with issues such as limited diversity of effective plant species, aging, and severe degradation of such varieties, particularly those endowed with ecological, economic, and societal benefits [15]. These challenges impede progress in ecological and environmental endeavors. Consequently, the prudent introduction of high-quality foreign plant genetic resources to augment and fortify plant genetic repositories while diversifying plant species for ecological adaptability assumes paramount significance for China's ecological and environmental development.